MASTER NEGATIVE NO. 91-80203 ■ ; MICROFILMED 1991 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES/NEW 'i'ORK 4( as part of the Foundations of Western Civilization Preservation I*roject" Funded by the NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Library COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright law of the United States - Title 17, United States Code -- concerns the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material... Columbia University Library reserves the right to refuse to accept a copy order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of tltie order would involve violation of the copyright law. AUTHOR BROADLEY, ALEXANDER MEYRICK TITLE: ROYAL MIRACLE; A COLLECTION OF RARE PLACE: LONDON DA TE : 1912 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT Ivlaster Negative # BIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARCF.T Original Material as Filmed - Existing Bibliographic Record ■I I I I »iy III I mn P4f^.06G 378 Q Broadley, Alexander Meyrick, 1847- rd. Tlie royal miracle; a collection of rare tracts broad sides, lej ers, prints, & ballads concerning HieUnder: nss of Carlos „. after the battle of AVorc^ster (Septem- ber 3 -October 15 1G51). With a preface, historical S- troduchon, appendix, bibliography; and illnstrations by AM Broadley London, S. Paul & co, 1912. p. 1327,-326."'''^ • P"''"^''*'' P°^'^ai»5 °f Charles the Second in 1649-1651": 1. Charles ri, king of Great Britain 1630-1685. i. Title. 12-16072 Library of Congress DA395.B8 Restrictions on Use: TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA FILM SIZE: ^^^l^im^.,,,^ REDUCTION RATIO:„ IMAGE PLACEMENT: lA Q^/ IB IIB DATE FILMED: ^1^^'^L INITIALS^^1/Lt^/J>*__ HLMEDBY: RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS. INC WOODBRIDGE. CT LifL. c Association for Information and Image Management 1100 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1100 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 301/587-8202 Centimeter 12 3 4 5 iiiiliiiiliiiiliiMliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiilii mim 6 7 8 9 10 iliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiii 11 12 13 14 liiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiiiliiii 15 mm I T I TTT Inches 1 M^ 1.0 II I I I I.I 1.25 1-15 28 3 2 1^ US, 144 1.4 2.5 1 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 I I I I I I I 5 MflNUFflCTURED TO flllM STRNDPIRDS BY fiPPLIED IMRGE. INC. J LIBRARY \\ £'i E^ THE ROYAL MIRACLE ' i i THE ROYAL MIRACLE A COLLECTION OF RARE TRACTS, BROADSIDES, LETTERS, PRINTS, ^ BALLADS CO]>JCERNING THE WANDERINGS OF CHARLES II. AFTER THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER (SEPTEMBER 3— OCTOBER 15, 165 1). WITH A PREFACE, HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION, APPENDIX, BIBLIOGRAPHY, AND ] LLUSTRATIONS : : By A. M- BROADLEY : AUTHOR OF «DR. JOHNSON AND MRS. THRALE," "CHATS ON AUTOGRAPHS," "NAPOLEON IN CARICi^ TURK," ETC. ETC. Post Mortem Patris pro Filio (Legend on Pontefract Siege Shilling of 1 648) LONDON: STANLEY PAUL & CO. 31 ESSEX STREET, STRAND : MCMXII II ir - / 7 • 9- e £ Q TO MY COMPANIONS IN THE Pilgrimage OF September 3 — September <), 191 1 OVER THE ROUTE FOLLOWED BY King Charles II DURING his wanderings BETWEEN September 3 and October 15, 1651 and to those good FRIENJ)S WHO welcomed the PiLGR MS at Worcester and Brighton THIS BOOK is inscribed Contents Preface Historical Introduction White-Ladies . - - w « • The History of His Sacred Majesty's Most Woni.brful Preservation The Royal Oak The Royal Patient Traveller ..... The Wonderful and Miraculous Escape of Our Gracious King Miraculum-Basilicon, or the Royal Miracle Claustrum Regale Reseratum ..... The Letter of William Ellesdon of Charmouth to the Earl of Clarendon Captain Gregory Alford's Narrative of twi Adventures of Charles II in West Dorset, September, 1651 . Mr. Robert Phelipps's Narrative of the Occurrences between September 25 and October 15, 1651 Song of Thanksgiving The Last News from France His Majesty's Miraculous Preservation by the C'ak, the Maid, and Ship To His Sacred Majestie Loyal Reflections Some Other Political Broadsides of 165 1-2 7 PACB II 17 49 71 83 91 99 107 M3 171 187 195 207 211 217 221 225 Contents APPENDICES The Escape of Charles II from Worcester The Municipal Accounts of Expenses Incurred at Worcester Items Relating to the Battle of Worcester Charles II at Brightelmstone The "Miraculous Divergence*' of September 23, 165 1 The Flight of Charles II . The Carolean Commemorative Pilgrimage . The Alfords, Ellesdons, Wesleys, and Limerys The Earliest Parliamentarian Account of the Battle of Worcester 297 Bibliography ...... Iconography . . . . . Index . 327 List of Illustrations Charles II in 1 65 1. From the engraved portrait by Hollar after i\ braham Diepenbeeck Frontispiece % Charles II in 1651 From the portrait in John Gadbury's «« Nativity of the lat: King Charles" (i6«q) in possession of the writer. Almanack for August, September, and October, 165 1, showing the phases of the moon during those months. From the origin, in the British Museum . Collection of Loyalist Badges, etc., 1 649-165 1 Formed by the writer and arranged by Messrs. Spink. Plan of Worcester in 165I. From an engraving of .660 in p-ssession of the writer . William, Duke of Hamilton, who died of his wounds at the Commandery, Worcester, September 12, 165 1, and was buried near the altar in the Choir of Worcester Cathedral After engraving by S. White. Charles II as a boy. From the rare mezzotint by W. Vaillant in the possession of the writer Charles II in 1651 From the original in the British Museum. The Tombstone of Charles II in Westminster Abbey .... From a photograph taken by permission of the Dean and Chap er for this work. Title-page and Frontispiece of the copy of " Whiteiudies " (1660) in the British Museum Early view of Whiteladies and Boscobel From the original in possession of the writer. Pictorial heading of the unique Broadside of 1660 in possession of the writer, containing one of the first accounts publish ed of the adventures of Charles II during his six weeks' wanderings after the Battle of Worcester The Title-page of Danverd's ** Royal Oak*' (1660) From the copy in possession of the writer. Pottery relating to the Royal Oak and the Flight of CI arles II . In the Willett Collection, Brighton Museum. Title-page of one of the two copies of the Miraculun-Basilicon or Royal Miracle (1664) ' Now in the British Museum. ••••.. The Title-page of the first edition of Anne Wyndham's Claustrum Regale Reseratum (1667) ^ , From the copy in possession of the writer. Giles Strangways, of Melbury, who assisted Charles with money at Trent From the rare origmal print in the collection of the writer. rxCUIG PACE 17 20 23 24 28 34 43 48 51 5<5 73 85 86 109 145 154 ;^ List of Illustrations FACIMC PACK 200 200 202 227 229 234 Humphrey Henchman, d.d.. Bishop of Salisbury and London (1592-1675) • After an original «epja drawing in the collection of the writer. Portrait of Charles II. in 1 650 From the contemporary engraving of W. Hollar, after the deiign of Cornehui Schut. MS. Ground Plan of Hele House, Wilts, and the surrounding grounds as they were in the seventeenth century ...... By permiision of the present owner, the Honble. Louis Greville. A Roundhead Broadside, published after the Battle of Worcester, Novem- ber 6, 1 65 1, by Robert Ibbitson, London From the original in the British Museum. Broadside published by Robert Ibbitson, London, early in 1652, giving a list, with portraits, of those slain or taken prisoner at Worcester, September 3, 165 1 ......••• From the original in the British Museum. A Satirical Broadside of 165 1 ridiculing the treatment of Charles II by the 230 Scottish Covenanters From the original in the British Museum. Charles and the five Penderels . . . • • • • ■ From the folding-plate in the edition of '♦ Boscobel," published in 1769 by S. Gamidge, Worcester. The ** King's House," Worcester, in the eighteenth century From an etching executed in 1861, The Old Deanery, Worcester, now demolished From an eighteenth-century engraving in possession of Mr. F. J. Spackman. Proclamation offering ;^looo reward for the apprehension of the fugitive King issued by the Parliament on September lo, 1651 From the original in possession of the writer. "Stone erected by the writer on September 23, 190 1, to commemorate the escape of Charles II and his companions by turning out 'of the Dorchester Road into Lee Lane, Bradpole, c-n the afternoon of Septem- ber 23, 1651, since known as the "Miraculous Divergence" Group of those taking part in the "Miraculous Divergence" Episode in the West Dorset Pageant, July 20, 21, and 22, 191 1 Sketch-Map showing the course of the flight of Charles II from Worcester to Brighton and Shoreham, September 3-October 15, 1 65 1 The Carolean Pilgrims at Whiteladies, September 3, 1911 From a photograph by Max Fischer, Worcester. Promissory Note signed and sealed by Charles II during his exile In the collection of the writer. Dutch Portrait of Charles II in 1 65 1 After the engraving by Frederick de Wilt in the British Museum. Dutch Portrait of Charles II cir. 1 650 Engraved by Danckers after Hanneman. In the collection of the writer. Dutch Portrait of Charles II in 1650-51 From the original in the British Museum. 10 265 266 272 Preface ON the evening of September 23, 1889, the late Sir Augustus Harris produced at Drury Lane a lomantic drama entitled "The Royal Oak," of which he and Mr. Henry Hamilton were the joint authors. The subject was not a new one,* as plays dealing with the same theme had achie^ed some success at the " Little Theatre " in the Haymarket both in 1 7;; 2 and 1 8 1 1 . The date selected for the first night of the Drury Lane c rama was unwittingly a felicitous one, for it was on that very day in 1651 that the fugitive King and his companions had avoided capture by turning promptly out of the Dorchester and Bridport main road into Lee Lane, by which they reached the village of Bradpole in the picturesque valley of the Asker. The high hedges of Lee Lane, broken here an i there by the presence of old and weather-beaten oaks, are clearly visible from the house in which I was born, as well as from the windows of the room where I am now writing. In 1885, my friend, Mr. J S. Udal, of Symonds- bury, had contributed to the Proceedings of th: Dorset Field Club a paper on the subject of the wanderings of Charles II in West Dorset, which contained a great number of new and interesting facts ; but it was not tiU 1897 that Mr. Allan Fea, in his Flight of the King, first identified the farm still known as "EllesdonV situated in the parish of Monkton Wyld near Charmouth, as « the house in the hills " where Charles had spent the afternoon of Monday, Sept(;mber 22, 1 65 1, the day on which he had left Trent Manor, near Yeovil, in the hope of effecting * See Bibliography, p. 320. II Preface his escape to France from some convenient creek on the Dorset littoral. In the spring of 1897, before the appearance of Mr. Fea's book, the then Vicar of Lyme Regis, Canon C. Myers, and I both arrived at a similar conclusion as to the important part played by " EUesdon's '* in what has often been described as " the most soul-stirring romance of English history." The satisfactory identification of " the house in the hills," doubtless much more secluded in 1651 than it is in 1912, was followed by that of Lee Lane, where the occurrence, already alluded to, which old Thomas Fuller describes as the " Miraculous Diver- gence," took place some twenty-four hours later than the conference at "EUesdon's" Farm. It was undoubtedly the Drury Lane play of September, 1889, which first turned my attention to the close associa- tion of West Dorset with the royal adventures of September, 165 1. " The Royal Oak " was staged with due attention to both historical and antiquarian detail : Mr Arthur Collins (upon whose able shoulders the mantle of "Druriolanus Imperator" descended) went down to Boscobel in search of local colour, and the part of Charles was taken by the late Mr. Henry Neville, with Mr. Henry Loraine as the "Rev. Melchizedek Seek-and-Find " and Mr. Harry NichoUs as " Walk-in-the-way Dear Love," with Miss Fanny Brough as " Patty WoodrofFe " and Miss Winifred Emery as " Mildred Claver- ing." It was during the preparations for the " Royal Oak " that I made the acquaintance of Mr. James Penderel-Brodhurst, the lineal descendant of " loyal Humphrey " and now one of the co-heirs to the Penderel pension. Between 1897 and 1901 I succeeded in obtaining a considerable number of the various editions of the Boscobel tracts, and my interest in the subject was confirmed and intensified by each new discovery. The latter year was the 250th anniversary of the "Flight of the King"; and in it, on the 23rd September, Mr. Penderel-Brodhurst unveiled the rough block of Bothenhampton stone set up at the junction of the Dorchester Road and Lee Lane, upon which passers-by may read the words : — 12 A. M. B. Preface King Charles II. escaped capture through thi; lane Sep XXIII MDCLI '* When midst your fiercest foes on eveiy side, For your escape God did a Lane provide." Thomas Fuller's " Worthies." Erected Sept^ xxiii, MDCCCCI. Shortly afterwards, commemorative tablets were, by public sub- scription, placed on the front walls of "EUesdon's" Farm, the "Manse" at Charmouth and the « George " at Broadv Windsor, all of which places are associated with the events of September 22-24, 1651. It was in 1901 that the idea of a journey by road "in the footsteps of the King," from Worcester to Brighton, the beginning and the end of Charles* adventurous ride, occurred to me. Circumstances postponed its realisation indefinitely ; but I continued from that time onwards to collect with unabated vigour literary, pictorial and artistic matter of every description relating to the "Royal Oak." I very soon dis- covered that the thrilling story of 165 1 had fiscinated others quite as strongly as myself. Lord St. Leonard's in his old age "extra- illustrated," or grangerised, a copy of the 1766 < dition of " Boscobel " into a huge volume of elephant folio size. This book, after one or two intermediate sales, came into my possession, and about the same time a copy of Whiteladies, thitherto described as uniq le, fell into my hands. To the collection of books, prints and autographs I now added that of the loyalist badges* in various metals (many of them decorated with the "Royal Oak") worn by the sturdy loyalists of 1 649-1 660. It was soon apparent that I was not the only "Bosccbel" collector in the field, for in the person of the late Mr. Freder ck L. Mawdesley of Fulford Cottage, Dormans Park, Surrey, I hac. an enthusiastic and Sec p. 23, and illustration facing. 13 Preface successful rival. In the early part of 1909 we compared notes. Whilst he frankly envied me my JVhiteladies^ he was justly proud of the rare and unpublished broadside "The History of his Sacred Majestie's most Wonderful Preservation after the Battle of Worcester," published at the Turk's Head, Ivy Lane, in 1660,* which is now reprinted in the present volume. Mr. Mawdesley had somehow overlooked the St. Leonard's collection, and, like myself, had long sought in vain for Abraham Jennings' Miraculum Bast/ikon of 1664 and a pamphlet supposed to be entitled "The Five Faithful Brothers." A little later Mr. Mawdesley died, and on 21 November, 19 10, the whole of his valuable Stuart library was sold at Sotheby's. At that sale, I was fortunate enough to secure the Turk's Head broadside and nearly all the " Boscobel " books I did not already possess. Feeling that the search after Jennings* book was practically hopeless, I arranged for the transcription of the entire workf from the two copies in the British Museum, which had hitherto been erroneously described as imperfect. A careful examina- tion of the "Boscobel" items in the Bodleian Library leads one to think that the " Five Faithful Brothers " pamphlet, which so puzzled Mr. Mawdesley, is in reality the ballad J "The Wonderful and Miraculous Escape of Our Gracious King," in which the words " the five loyall & faithfuU Brothers " appear conspicuously as the sub-title. In the summer of 191 1 a West Dorset Pageant was held at Bradpole. As might be expected, the " Miraculous Divergence " of September 23, 1 651, — beyond a doubt the most interesting and important event in the annals of the village — was selected for dramatic representa- tion. § It was played with remarkable success just two months before the 260th anniversary of its actual occurrence. The evolution of the motor-car made a Carolean pilgrimage from Worcester to Brighton far easier to accomplish in 191 1 than ten years previously. It was finally decided on before the West Dorset Pageant was over, and was carried out without a single hitch between September 3 and September 9 of last year. The successful excursion will always remain a cherished memory ♦ See p. 73. t See p. loi. | Sec p. 109. § See p. 265. 14 Preface with all those who took part in it, and one of its enduring consequences is the publication of this book, which, in additioi to some entirely new information, contains several tracts and broadsides never previously reprinted. Before the Pilgrims had left Worcester, two very valuable papers* dealing with what we may call the first stene in the drama were read in the historic Commandery, where " Duke Hamilton " died of his wounds a few days after the fight of September 3,1651. They evoked a good deal of discussion ; and quite two mo iths later a native of Worcester, Mr. Robert Price, now settled at " La Nouvelle Vigne," Hillary, Natal, wrote home of the pleasure it h id given him to recall the memories of the timbered dwellings near he King's House (in one of which he had lived), the old custom of wearing oak-leaves on September 3, and the bitter significance of the threat " off to Barbadoes you go." At Brighton a serious argument arose t as to the precise posi- tion of the "George Inn," where the last arrangements for Charles II's escape were made on the evening of Tuesday, October 14, 1651. ^ It has been deemed expedient to maintain as far as possible the original form and spelling of the various items selected for re-publica- tion, concerning which further information will be ^iven in the Historical Introduction. Any attempt to modernise the laiguage would destroy Its old-world charm, without materially assistiig the reader. The papers read during the Carolean Pilgrimage of September 3-9, together with a narrative of the Pilgrimage itself and its itinerary, are, in order to avoid confusion, placed in the Appendix. I desire to express my gratitude for help afforded to me, either in connection with the Pilgrimage or during the preparation of this volume, to Dr. Ede, Dean of Worcester, the Rev. Canon Wilson, Mr. Joseph Littlebury, Mr. J. W. Willis Bur d, f.s.a., Mr. F J Spackman and Mr. R. H. Murray, all of Wora ster ; Mr. and Miss Brown-Westhead, of Lea Castle ; the Rev. Canon Carr and Mrs. Brown, of Boscobel; Colonel Bullen, of Catherstone ; Miss L. B. Symes, of Charmouth ; the Rev. W. Jacob, of Lyme Regis ; Mr. W. J. Peak- Mason, of Trent Manor ; the Rev. T. G. Wilton, Vicar of Trent ; ♦ See Appendices I and II. f Sec pp. 45-6. 15 Preface Mr. A. W. Gerrard ; the Hon. Louis Greville, of Heale House ; Mr. Charles Thomas-Stanford, the Mayor of Brighton, Mrs. Thomas- Stanford ; Mr. Henry W. Roberts, Director of the Brighton Public Library, Museums and Fine Art Galleries ; Messrs. Richard, Walter, and Frederick Harrison, of Brighton ; Mr. F. J. W. Crowe, Organist of Chichester Cathedral ; and Mr. T. M. Woodhead, of Bradford. In the preparation of the original itinerary of the Pilgrimage invaluable aid was accorded me by Mr. Charles G. Harper, our greatest authority on English roads, and Mr. Bernard Pendercl-Brodhurst. Since the execution of the tour, the itinerary has been carefully revised by my friend, Mr. Alfred Brewis, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, himself one of the pilgrims. Much valuable information has been given me by Miss M. L. Arthur, Mr. J. Horace Round, Mr. James Penderel-Brodhurst, the Rev. Canon Mayo (Editor of Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries)^ Mr. T. M. Baker, the Rev. F. E. Trotman, Mr. R. R. Conway (a de- scendant of the Cogans of Coaxton), and Mr. P. M. Gainsford Tombs (a descendant of Charles II's host at Long Marston). My publisher, Mr. Stanley Paul, has spared no pains to obtain artistic reproductions of the seventeenth-century engravings, and I am specially indebted to Mr. G. L. de St. M. Watson for the English version of the very crabbed Latin lines below two of the contemporary portraits of the youthful hero of the great adventure of 1651. Since the greater part of the text of this volume was printed the whole of the MSS. of the late George Roberts (i 804-1 860), the historian of Lyme Regis, has come into my possession. This has enabled me to add an important note on the subject of the Alfords, the EUesdons, and the Wesleys in the Appendix. Mr. Roberts clearly shows from the Lyme archives that Charles II revisited the scenes of his West Dorset adventures of 1 65 1 in the summer of 167 1. At the last moment I have also been able to insert what I think must be the earliest contemporary account of the Worcester fight, written only a few hours after the battle. A. M. B. The Knapp, Bradpole, May I, 1912. 16 ;-a o a i: = -= *» 3 — -a ^ i; 3 < -= -^ ^ •* ^ i !2 •- -= « *v. ^ ^ -* .'^ i.'£cP*._i— w on o-a o U ^ = -= c " ti „ ir^ -« l^ -C ^ '2 >^ P "3 , .*- ;2 — w o O y 3 -J c^ ft. 5 ^ c -c o -i* " y -5 = ^ - *^ *— 'I *-' w — ». - _ .a. :i V, '♦■5*2 = 5-0 5"^ '3^-' 6 " y ^1 ^ w ^ t. C -3 P o S W C Q a «)< ^ .s i; I 2 2 e '' . E ^ o a S - 5 c J. ,- u 5 2 I £^:| 2 r ^ «« V v-,0 ,M " "5 •J « .s^ ' .5 ^ ^ if Historical Introduction THE fateful year 1651 began with the gloomy ceremonial which attended the Coronation of Charles Stuart,, King of England Je Jure, as King of Scotland ««, at Scone. Born at St. James's Palace on May :<), 1630, Charles II was only in his twenty-first year, but he had already sown a plentiful crop of wild oats both in France and Flanders, i - not in England as well. The astrologers * carefully noted that he came into the world at 10.21 a.m., and his horoscope in consequence sortended a chapter of untoward accidents, the most serious of which night be expected to occur m the years re+o, 1642 and 1644, when he saffered from attacks of jaund.ce, measles and scarlet fever. Still more serious mischief was foretold for 1651, and both in the dismal Scotch coronation on New Year s Day and the disaster at Worcester eight moiths later many saw the fulfilment of those forebodings of evil. Wise men gravely shook their heads when they read that "on the very day of the battel at Worcester, ,t is observable, the sun was in Qua. tile to his Radical place. Jup,ter was in Quartile to the Ascendant of the Radix ad gradum; Mars was in opposition to the place, and Midheaven ; and the Moon ,n square to Mars & Venus." AH this was written in 1659 when the fortunes of Charles seemed brighter, and the seer, with a pardonable disposition to hedge, tactfully concluded his examination of the royal horoscope by sUting the obvious fa:t that the future must bnng ether good or evil." <■ If it hap t„ prove good," he continued, « my acquainting the world therewith might render me • S« Th. Nc,M,y ,f,k, Lc,i King CM,,, ,*, by Joh« CWtory. ,659. * '7 :i The Royal Miracle dangerous unto the powers that protect me. If it should be bad, my publication thereof would be accounted for envy." In 1659 prudent prophets as well as prudent politicians were content to sit on the fence. Both in the years 1650 and 1651 broadsheets were published plentifully in the interests of both parties to the great quarrel, which drew the attention of all Europe to these distracted realms and especially to the gallant young prince, who lacked neither personal courage, ready wit nor good looks, and was engaged in a desperate struggle to recover his father's lost throne. These curious human documents are now very useful aids to history-making. At the com- mencement of the sixth decade of the seventeenth century peace prevailed over nearly the whole European continent. In France the protracted struggles of the Frondeurs were gradually coming to an end, although as recently as January, 1649, the infant King Louis XIV (the son of Charles's godfather Louis XIII, and his junior by eight years) had been compelled, together with his mother Anne of Austria and her favourite minister Cardinal Mazarin, to leave Paris, and for a time wander from province to province in search of a place of refuge. The extent of the interest felt in the supreme effort of the youthful King of Scotland to assert his hereditary rights on the other side of the border is attested both by the number and the character of the engraved portraits* of him published at this juncture, openly in Holland, and secretly in England, where those who were willing to risk both life and fortune in giving practical expression to their belief in the motto Post mortem Patris pro Filio^ which is conspicuous on the Pontefract " Siege Shilling" of 1648-9, were far more numerous than was generally imagined. Of the fine portraits distinguished by the presence of symbolical figures and accessories, the most remarkable are those etched by W. Hollar after Abraham Van Diepenbeeck and by the same artist after Cornelis Schutf The first-named forms the * See Appendix XI, Iconography, pp. 321-4. t See Appendix XI, Iconography, pp. 323-4, Nos. 18 and 28. 18 Historical Introduction frontispiece of this volume. Under each of these portraits are some verses in the crabbed Latin then in vogue, rendeied occasionally more difficult by the accidental errors of the letter-cngriver. To Mr. G. L. de St. M. Watson I am indebted for a metrical translation of the inscriptions under both prints. Below the Van iDiepcnbeeck portrait we read : — *' To the Phoenix, restored to life. To the Morning Star, putting the mists to flight, To the Sun, utterly abolishing the darknes $, To Charles II D.G. King of Great Britaii & Ireland— Heirs winged brood, murk-steep*d, doth floe the Stars, And grisly Horror shuns the Orb of Dav : So to its Stygian bourne the Tribe that wars Is beaten back by Charles's Scion's ray. A golden Light chanced at thy birth t'illuntC Apollo's path, and thus exalt the Sky : So may'st thou, Charies, with two-fold flame consume Thy foes — and then thy People vivify ! " The words under the Schut portrait are scarcely less flattering : " To Charles the Second, by the Grace of God K.ing of Great Britain France and Ireland ; because he has raised to a hope of vindication and of glorification the down-trodden dignity of Kingly Majesty, and the Country enslaved to an odious servitude— To His Royal Majesty Tearful England presents herself with eternal devotion. Stretch forth thy vengeful hand in kingly Pride, For, ah ! a fell Beast holds me in its thrall I Justice is smitten, Piety scorn'd — o'er all. Gold-greed accurst gnaws at Things sanctified. The Shaft of Kingship in the dust is laid : Still, I pray Heav'n my Anchor be not ta'en. Let the Beast prove the armed Subduer's maia ; The Avengers lash it with death-dealing blade. 19 The Royal Miracle Bereft of thee, all hope we lack ; but Jove Shall bind thy brow with diadem and shall thrust The sceptres fitly in thy hands — so trust His fire-blent bolts, and Pallas' shield above."" Many of the portraits of the Prince of Wales executed in early boyhood were now retouched so as to represent him as he might be supposed to appear when he turned his face southwards to do battle outside the walls of Worcester with the victor of Dunbar — the formidable Parliamentary leader who figured in the Royalist broad- sides as O. C. The compilers of the two contemporary almanacks for 1651 which I have consulted were evidently stout Parliamentarians. One of them, at any rate, like the astute John Gadbury, must have been something of a prophet, for he heads the particulars he gives of the month of September with the lines : — " So/ first apply s to friendly Jove^ and then \sic\ To cruell Mars (that enemy of man) Whose calid Natures close heave q's moistening-gate The usuall harvest to anticipate. Corn ripes apace ; but yet there's cause to feare Strong winds will shake the heavie-laden-care." ft September had evidently already proved an unlucky month for the Royalists. On the 3rd of that month the Scots were routed the second time by Cromwell (1650) ; on the 13th Essex died (1646) ; on the 2 1 St the colours of the defeated Scots had been hung in Westminster Hall (1650); on the 24th the King's forces suffered defeat at Rowton (1645) J o" the 27th Sir John Gell was sentenced by the High Court of Justice (1650); and so forth. The illustra- tion of the almanack for August, September and October, 1651, now given, shows the phases of the moon, and may prove useful to those who desire to follow carefully the adventures of King Charles, from 20 •« . H M M »a <*■ u •8 o 1 -a a -a < es M e 8 g m a, e G s I i ■" - i m 2 "3 s E o ♦ 1 •s: E o S .9 .5 S c ^ I t c *^ S '^ a. w* a -«k 6 E 3 VI K> <->e. I«£»|« Ol©- |W|J»w|0^|fc- MI»o|wC|^ w(«l alou.'iD ©IwwiT^T^ |^,N^>e i-«>|»> -I \i>°l :\2^ ia es a. •3- ■& n = C a. c 8 ^ at S 8 •i c = ■2 o =» » 'i 2 -a >■ c - ^ •• Z" o ^ ■£-0 _ - — w C "^ es a " •A C j; E' H i? -;3 C c c o — ■^« 3 >» s 5 = s. 8 c C -• feM III « <3 1 l_ i -.♦!-. '--'- -'- -I" MM rtin •lo©,^! H.S o a ■§ <• es i ^"2 c > 3 ~ J. .£ i--« 3 *' 2 !; " S; E-o o o I g 5 o o = ;? " " at e 3 ■ - e B •2 S S o = = « * >^ c u a « c i — » o St £ c 3 |*«OI^*»|Blw(<*w|ol8» : ss •« e: • a. «" o c ■* M a = 5 " ^ 'I = e: =£ 3? .£§'•! -J? tf as •I — ^ u ..l>^J^'^U^Ii.°^= ::l.rrir'^1::';|:^2i:: :i ■2.1; U a 0: u ca H u en O s H O < S O H W C/2 (A o < X o U < z < .J u s H O 5; Historical Introduction dawn on Wednesday, September 3, when he surveyed the contending armies from the summit of Worcester Cathedral tower until sunrise on Wednesday, October 15, when the good ship "Surprise" was well on its way from Shoreham Creek to the coast of Normandy. It is presumed that the reader is already fam liar with the general details of the fight at Worcester on September 3, 1651. They are sufficiently set forth in the old texts now reprinted, and are lucidly explained in the paper read at Worcester on September 2, 191 1, by Mr. J. W. Willis Bund, f.s.a., the learned author of The Civil War in Worcestershire. An important point as to the whereabouts of the King during the whole, or some portion, of his sojourn in the "Faithful City" has also been discussed by Mr. F. J. Spackman.* In a rare little volume illustrated with rude woodcuts and entitled "A Narration of the most material Parliamentary Proceedings of this present Parliament & their Armies, in their Civil & Martial Affairs . . . continued until this year, published as a Breviary. Printed for Th : Jenner, at the South Entrance of the Roy il Exchange mdcli ", will be found the following early contemporary account of the struggle spoken of by the Royalists as « a black disastei-," and the Round- heads (with whom Jenner evidently sympathised), ;is « God's Crownine Mercy":— ^ "3 September 1651. This day twelve months w but this day hath been very glorious before Worceste Lord of Hosts, and so it was now. The Lord of Hosts ha with us; the same signall we had now as then, which about us, yet the Lord hath clothed us with white Ga Enemy they have been bloody, onely here lyeth the difF. our work was at break of day, and done ere the mornii It began towards the close of the evening, and ended nc That in the end it became an absolute Victory, deterir possession of the Towne, with a total! Rowting & Army, the number of persons taken is neer 10,000, i • See Appendix I, p. 233, and Appendix II, 21 is glorious at Dunbar, r, the word was, The ving been wonderfully was to have no white rments, though to the •rence, that at Dunbar ig was over, but now t till the night came j ined by an immediate Defeat of the Scotch leer 3000 were slaine p. 241. The Royal Miracle of the Enemy, but of all our side not above 200, which addes much to the mercy. My Lord Generall did exceedingly hazard himselfe, riding up & downe in the midst of their shot, and riding himself in person to the Enemies forts, offering them quarter whereto they returned no answer, but shot; let us conclude therefore in the words of our renowned Generall, The dimensions of this mercy are above all our thoughts, it is for aught I know, A Crowning mercy, sure if it be not such a one we shall have, if this provoke not those that are concerned in it to thankfuUnesse, and the Parliament to do the will of him, who hath done his will for it, and for the Nation " " The Scots King beaten at fVorcester, gets into a hollow tree, remains there a night, the next day in a wood, cuts his hair short, ships for Havre de Grace <2f so to Paris, "Sir, the Scottish King came hither the last of Oaober, nnv style, and being demanded by his Mother & the Duke of Orleans, how he escaped the Fight of Worcester, gave them this account. That about six o'clock in the evening, his Army being in ail likelihood beaten, he quitted Worcester Towne with a party of horse, and marched towards Lancashire, but being fearfuU of being pursued; and likewise of some of the Scottish officers that might deliver him up, he with my Lord Wiltmt quitted their horses, sent the party of horse upon their march, and' betook themselves the second dayes march from Worcester into a Tree, where they remained untill night, and then marched on foot that night; the third day they took Sanctuary in a Wood, and night approaching, marched on towards Lancashire, where they were received by a Lady, who furnished them with Cloathes for a Disguise, & cut off their haire very short. Having reposed two or three days, the Lady resolved to endeavour to ship them out of England; to which purpose, she riding behind the King, and Wilmot as another servant by, they went to Bristol, but finding a narrow & hot inquiry there, resolved to goe for London, where they stayed three weeks. The King one day went into Westminster Hall; where he saith he saw the States- Arms, and Scots Colours; my Lord Wilmot procured a Merchant to hire a ship of forty tuns to transport thera, which cost them a hundred and twenty pounds, but where they took shipping is not yet knowne; but as soon as my Lord was entred the Barque, and the King as his Servant, the Master of the Vessel came to my Lord, and told him. That he knew the King, and told him, that in case it should be knowne he could expect no mercy, which saying troubled them, But at length, what with money & 22 Historical Introduction ^ ^ H «l \ ^:_t^ '# Collection of Loyalist Badges, etc., 1649 165 i {Formed by the writer and arranged by Messrs. Spink) promises, they prevailed, and so set saile for Havre de Grace, where they landed, and from thence to Rouen, where they cloth<;d themselves, and writ to Paris. Here we have, in all probability, the first version of the legend of the Royal Oak, destined nine years later not only to achieve immortality, but to enter, for all time, into many phases of social life. Between 1651 and 1660 the Monarch of the Forest became the latest and most approved emblem of loyalty, and figured, together with some appropriate motto, on the badges secretly worn by the faithful followers of the King in exile. * The curious account of Worcester figh: given by Thomas Fuller in his Worthies of England was evidentl}' penned long before its publication in 1662, after the death of the author. Broad- windsor in Dorset played an important part in the history of the Royal wanderings ; and the King's escape them during the night of September 23-4 is little less miraculous than his preservation in the Boscobel Oak (September 6) or the sudden inspirition which led him to turn from the Dorchester Road into Lee Lane (September 23). Fuller became Vicar of Broadwindsor in 1634, and never seems to have resigned the benefice till his death on 16 Au|just, 1661. In 165 1 he was an absentee, his place being filled by John Pinney. Fuller's son, who, in 1662, inscribed the Worthies to Charles as "Your Majestie's meanest subject, the Authors Orphan," was born at Broadwindsor in June, 1641. It is thus that Thomas Fuller speaks of the "Fatall Fight" of September 3, 1651 :— "Many sharp Skirmishes have happened in this County^ and See Illustration, p. 23. About twenty of thfse badges are in the possession of the writer. On one of them is a crowned bust of the King in profile to the right and the words CaroluR Secundus, while the reverse shows three crow is in the branches of 1 leaf- less oak, with the sun bursting from the clouds above th;m, and the motto Tandem Rtviretcit. A token on similar lines was also issued by L. G. Lauffer, of Nuremberg. 23 The Royal Miracle near this City, We onely insist on that Fatall Fight^ September the third ^ 1 65 1. "Know then (as Introductory thereunto) that His Majesty on the first of August foregoing began his March from Edinburgh into England^ not meeting with any considerable Opposition, (those at Warrington being soon put to flight by his presence,) until he came to Worcester: His Army consisted of twelve thousand effectuall Fighting men (whereof two thousand English^ the rest of the Scottish Nation) but neither excellently Armed, nor plentifully stored with Ammuni- tion, whilst the Parliament Forces under Cromwell more than doubled that Number, wanting nothing (but a Good Cause) that an Army could wish or desire. "The Royalist Cheifest Strength consisted in two Passes they possessed over the River of Severn^ which proved not advantagious according to expectation : For the enemy found the River Fordable elsewhere ; and the Bridge & Pass at Vptorn \sic\ though valiantly defended by Major Generall Massey^ (who received a shot in his hand) was forced by Lambert powring in unequall Numbers on the King's Forces. Besides Cromwell finished a Bridge of Boards & Plancks over the main river with more Celerity and less Resistance^ than could have been expected in a manner of such importance. "Then began the Battle, wherein His Majesty to remember his subjects Good^ forgot his own Safety^ and gave an incomparable example of Valour to the rest by Charging in his Own Person. This was followed by few to the same degree of danger, but imitated in the greatest measure by the Highlanders, fighting with the 5a/-ends of their Muskets, when their Ammunition was spent. But new supplies constantly Charging them, and the Main Body of the Scotch Horse not coming up in due time from the City to His Majesties relief, his Army was forced to retreat in at Sudbury-gate, in much disorder. "If there were (which some more than whisper) /^/j^ k foul Play 10 a. Mi H 'S. QC ^ O o o < t ^ Historical Introduction i in some Persons of Principall Trust ; as they have had a great space reasonably^ God grant them his Grace sincerely to repent, for their Treacherous retarding the happiness, pro onging & increasing the Miseries of a Gracious King and three great Nations, Sure it is, here were slain the Flower of the Scottish Lvyal Gentry, with the most Illustrious, IVilliam (formerly Earl of Lanerick) Duke of Hamilton, As for Common Souldiers, some few who escaped had a longer life to have a sadder death, wandring in the Country till other mens Charity & their own Strength failed them. " Since how God hath conducted His Majesty miraculously through Laberynths of many Difficulties, to the Peaceable Possession of His Throne, is notoriously known to the wonder of the world. Here my Muse heartily craveth leave to make ;m Honorable address to His Majesty Depositing at his feet the ensuing Panegyrick. I At Worcester great Gods goodness to the Nation It was a Conquest Your bare Preservation, When 'midst Your fiercest foes on eve y side For your escape God did a LANE pre vide ; They saw You gone, but whether could not tell, Star-Staring, though they ask'd both H'aven & HelL XXIV Your SELF'S the Ship return'd from Jorreign Tradings England's Your Port, Experience the L,iding, God is the Pilot; & now richly fraught, Unto the Port the Ship is safely brouglit : What's dear to You, is to Your Subjec:s cheap, You sow'd with pain, what we with pleasure reap. 25 j The Royal Miracle XXV The Good-made Laws by you arc now made Goody The Prince and Peoples right both understood, ^ Both being Bank'd in their respective Station, No fear hereafter of an Inundation. Oppression, the KING'S-EVIL, long indur'd By others caused, by YOU alone is cur'd." The visitor to Worcester will certainly find that the outward and visible signs of the events of September, 1651, are, after the lapse of over two centuries and a half, more abundant than he would expect. The Commandery, a few paces beyond the buried remains of one of the towers of Sidbury Gate, retains most of the features it possessed when that gallant gentleman William, Duke of Hamilton, was brought there to die ; traces of the " clap-gate '* through which Charles got once more outside the walls to set out on his six weeks' wanderings are still discernible ; portions of the city wall have survived both the " slighting " of the Cromwellians and the ravages of time, and the outlines of "Fort Royal" are carefully preserved by their new owner. Mr. F. J. Spackman, the energetic Secretary of the Worcestershire Naturalists' Club, makes out a good case in favour of the King having inhabited the now demolished Deanery during the latter part of August, 1651,* but he cannot altogether convince Mr. Willis Bund that such was the fact. The latter, however, is disposed to admit that an officers' mess on a large scale must have been located in the Guesten Hall, which in 1651 formed part of the old Deanery (formerly the Prior's house) on the southern side of the Cathedral. The Prior's House, to which the Guesten Hall was attached, was built in 1225 by William de Bedeford, the twenty- third Prior. At the Reformation it was allotted as a residence to the Dean. There is a full description of it in the Parliamentary Survey made a year before * Sec Appendix II, p. 248. 26 Historical Introduction the Battle of Worcester. It was pulled down in 1845, and an arrangement was made for the Dean to occupy t le old episcopal palace to the north of the Cathedral, the Bishop taking up his abode at Hartlcbury Castle. Mr. Spackman observes that : " The Deanery (Priory) would be in every way ihe most convenient place in Worcester in which the King could lodge. It wai commodious. Not only the King, but his staff ofl&cers also could find quarters there. There was ample accommodation for stores. The main entrance to it was guarded by the Edgar Tower, a gate-house built by King John in 1 204, aid still existing. It was within a short distance of the Sidbury Gate which was overlooked by the Fort Royal. That building therefore would be very convenient for the King. It would even be more convenient than the Bishop's Palace. It would be better guarded. It would be nearer the Sidbury Gate, and \«rould have an alternative approach which the Bishop's Palace would not have." Quite apart from the vexed question of the Deanery as opposed to the generally accepted " King's House "or * Lodging " in connec- tion with King Charles's fortnight's stay in Worcester, the accounts brought to light by Mr. Spackman are exceeding ;ly interesting. An entry of 1665 refers to a charge made for wine on the occasion of a visit paid to Worcester by the brothers Penderel, the heroes of the Royal Oak,* who were, it seems, st mptuously entertained at the Guildhall. The name is usually spelled as now given, but in the Worcester archives it is shortened to "I'enrell."t Mr. James Penderel-Brodhurst, one of the co-heirs to the Penderel Pension, secured to the descendants of the " Faithful Brothers " in perpetuity by Charles II after the Restoration, says : " It s not the fact that all contemporary documents spell the name *P r Hi Hnfy ' 1: ma Iffuif ,\ ■ U^Jlle mr.il.i Jl.,r.il,u i.irran L.mibriit.fr and \andjnmrj.il,r jfle if hij v i tCo u tucll unJ Kmjhiijfthe ^M I Jforne Jiino tow and Ujfter WorcftL'i fi^htAw »iiiiiiiM»iiiiiii)iiin.iiiimii|i n-\ WJ tLUJtt PiAniijj L _ F/ Cliddifd.'h r^arle .'P Tl^.ineri£k:L,,'rd of Aveh I 'if I 7lobli' ottlrif^ Crarter^ , _ dird^if I ii iifoundj f^P' St ■ J»io j£, 'at jg. ""■'"""'■I""""""""""""' William, Duke of Hamilton, who died of his wdunds at the Commandery, Worcester, September 12, 1651, and was buried near the altar in the choir of Worcester Cathedral (After engraving by S. White) Historical Introduction exercised so powerful a fascination over the minds of men and women in every station of life all over the world ever since its occurrence, or, at any rate, from the time when the Restoratioi of 1660 made the concealment of Charles by the Penderels the subject of ballads and broadsides innumerable. Not only have editions of Blount's "Boscobel" appeared at intervals during the whole of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but at least three co lections of kindred publications relating to the various incidents associated with the " Flight of the King " have achieved considerable success. The first edition of Mr. Allan Fea's * interesting, but by r.o means exhaustive, work, although produced as recently as 1 897, is new out of print. Mr. Fea of necessity left a large number of contemporary tracts and broad- sheets — amongst them Whiteladies^ the Miraculum Basili\on, the Turk's Head broadside and a number of interesting balads — still to be re- published. It is in the fugitive verses of 1660, stilted in style and for the most part fulsome in their exuberance, that the oult of the Royal Oak is most strongly reflected. The veritable deluge of 3oscobelian literature which signalised the year of the Restoration and that of the sub- sequent Coronation, makes me think that much of it must have been prepared beforehand with a view to its use it the psychological moment, for some time felt to be inevitable. Sij* William Davenant's "Poem upon his Sacred Majestie's Most Hsppy Return to his Dominions," was printed in 1660 for Henry Herringham and sold in the shop at the " signe of the Anchor on the Lower Walk in the New Exchange." In it we find the following lines : — "The honour you near Severn's Banks obtained. Did make the Victors lose by what the} gain'd, When you reclaim'd their malice, who \/ith shame Blush't that they kept your Realms^ Yet gave you /cnu." * See Bibliography, pp. 308-9. t Tie Flight of the King^ by Allan Fea. John Lane, The Bodley Head, London and New York, 1897. 29 - -a4»^fti(ryja>.JU!U.^;|'iH4>iSiii.i;iin^ The Royal Miracle William Pendercl quickly became one of the heroes of the hour, and was feasted at Whitehall as sumptuously as at Worcester. Under a very rare portrait of him now in the Sutherland Collection at Oxford were these verses :— " The Royal Oak His face you see. Now breifly heare the To shelter that great Prince with Rage ^«s^i pursu'd How well he serv'd his Prince in flight The Natthook reaching up his Homely distress'd f^^^ Twas He whose Houshold did Combine Supply'd the want of Waiters standing In Pious Care to save the Royal Line Bare : An Oake was thought most safe, from While busie Wife & ChUdren standing what could prove garJier wood More luckie that the sacred tree to Jove To dress the sheep prepar'd for Better See where the Hen-roost Ladder stands by that. The Mighty Monarch climb'd the Boughs of State Where Noble Carlos lent his Manlike knee The last support of fainting Majestic, food Thus many Oakes defend the British Maine But one preserv'd the British Sover- AIGNE Pendrill thy name will shine in History AnH ^^o^ i T • " ' ^"ghter then their's, whose hopittal'ity sh^ud'' '"' ^^' '^' °°^^^ Disguised Deitys hath entertayn'd for there was reall t'other Poets faynd." On August 1 6, 1660, one Rachel Jevon presented to King Charles with her own hand a copy of her Exultationis Carmen. In it the shady woods & groves " are invited to disport themselves on seeing "• • • • ^^^ Royal Oak to them advance While Nymphs resound. O thrice, thrice happy they ' Who have the Honour, their faint limbs to lay Under the shadow of th' illustrious Oak Expanded, to depell from Saints the Stroak Of Tyrant Tempests. . . ." Several other ballads are now reprinted from the contemporary JO Historical Introduction broadsheets in the British Museum and the Bodleian Library.* In one instance the text has been translated from the German, f There was little or nothing in common between the dashing cavalier of 1 65 1 and the selfish, pleasure-loving King of i6<)0 and after. The popularity of the Royal Oak, however, proved more enduring than that of the sovereign who found safety amongst its foliage. As late as 1683 we come across "7%^ Triumphs of Royalty in tie Person of King Charles II. A poem by Thomas Heynes. Printed for fV Freeman, over against the DeviPs Tavern near Temple Bar*' Heynes writes : — ** Blessed be the Oak, let it for ever be Like Aaron's holy Rod a budding Tr;e. Which for this hour within its aged liest Preserv'd him from the raping Vultures' quest." That the image of the Royal Oak became the approved symbol of British loyalty to the Throne is not astonishing, for was it not intimately associated with examples of personal devotion without a parallel in the history of the nation ? Between September 3 and October 15, 1651, the identity of the fugitive sovereign became known either by accident or design to a vast number of persons, but neither the lavish reward offered by Parlia- ment, nor the threats of condign punishment which accompanied it, could tempt sterling men and women like the innkeepers at Charmouth, Broadwindsor, Mere, Salisbury, and Brighton to betray him. In the nineteenth century Walter Scott, William Harrison Ainsworth and Agnes Strickland sought inspiraticn in the old-world story of the Royal Oak, taking full advantage of poetic licence both in their verses and novels. At the beginning of the eighteenth century Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, raised a hornets* nest about her ears by rooting up a sapling of the parent Boscobel Oak, which See pp. 213,219, 223. t S of January 1651." « 2. . . . Windham daughter of fFrancis Wyndham Esq. & Ann his wife was buried the 5*^ of January 1667." 1669 "II : Mr. Gerard Wyndham y« son of Mr. Francis Wytdham and Anne his wife was buried February y* fourteenth." 1676 "III : S' fFrancis Wyndham K»* buried July y« 15." 1698 "IV : The Lady Anne Wyndham Relict of S' Fran. WymJiam Knight Baron*, was buri'd July 25 — 98." 1707 "V : The Honor^'" Lieu* Gen" Hugh Wyndham diel at Valentia in Spain Sept' 30 1706 was brought & buried at Trent NCay 31 1707." 1712 "VI: Madam Rachel Wyndham was brought down f-om London & buried Decemb^ y« 4*'' — 171 2." "VII : S' Francis Wyndham K°* Baro* was Buried April y« 4*'* — 1716." 1718 "VIII : Margaret Bond an Ancient serv*. in S' Francis Wyndham's Family dyed in y* 98*^ year of her Age, and was buried No^"^ y« gth — 17 18." It results from these memoranda that although the unnamed daughter of Francis and Anne Wyndham was only nine months old in September, 1651, the mother was 47, and the "ancient servant," Margaret 39 The Royal Miracle Bond, who died in George Fs reign, 31. Bond is not mentioned in Anne Wyndham's Claustrum Regale Reseratum, Mr. A. M. Gerrard, of Westward Ho, Wake Green Road, Birmingham, sends me the following note on his ancestral kinswoman, the intrepid chatelaine of Trent : — *♦ Anne Wyndham's father Thomas Gerard was of an old Purbeck stock, but claimed descent from the noble family of the Gerards of Lancashire, which descent the Dorset historian, Hutchins, says is highly improbable. These Gerards were far more likely out of the Doomsday family who held the manors of Lopen and Broctune, and later Camville, all in Somerset ; later still they were at Gerrardiston, in Wilts, and Sandford Areas and Parnham, near Beaminster, Dorset. A Gerard of this stock about 1 350 owned the manor of Crichel Lucy. A Richard of this line was M.P. for Wareham 1 369. From this time onward no less than ten Gerards were M.P.'s for Wareham, Weymouth and Dorchester. Thos. Gerard of Trent came out of one of these Purbeck families, William his father, of Friars Maine, inheriting Trent by marriage with Mary Storke, and their son Thomas was the father of Anne Wyndham." The adventures of Charles 11 in West Dorset began very early on the morning of Monday, September 22 ; they ended in his return to Trent somewhat later in the forenoon of Wednesday, September 24. Setting out from Trent before dawn they reached " EUesdon's Farm" — the " house in the hills" between Axminster and Charmouth — quite early in the afternoon.* It has long been a tradition that during the three days' journey the King visited Coaxdon Manor, in Chardstock parish, the ancestral home of the Cogans, where he owed escape solely to the quick thought and courage of the lady of the house, f On reaching the Continent he sent a gold chain to his fair preserver, who had hidden him beneath her farthingale. The story is strongly supported * See /(?//, p. 158 and p. 176. t See King Charles 11 and the Cogans. A Aftssing Chapter in the Boscobel Tracts. London, Elliot Stock. Charles II at Coaxdon Hall, by Hugh Norris. Reprinted from Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries, 1893. Mr. J. S. Udal's paper in the Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club (Vol. VIII, pp. 9-28) may also be referred to. 40 Historical Introductio n by the late Mr. Hugh Norris, and the tradition is not merely a local one, but is set out at length in Mr. Walter Wilsc n's life of Defoe.* The chain passed to Mrs. Elizabeth Conway throu^;h her grandmother Elizabeth Cogan, and was, it is said, exchanged by her with a Jew pedlar for sundry articles of silver plate, includirg two silver mugs now in possession of her descendants, Mrs. Henry Tatham and Mr. J. Cogan Conway. Mr. R. R. Conway, of Weymouth College, the great-great-grand- son of the last heir to the Carolean chain, points 3Ut that if Charles, on his way from Trent to the sea-coast, " avoided Yeovil by keeping to the north, and struck the fosse-way which :-uns right through Coaxdon, a cross-country ride thence to Monkton Wyld (' EUesdon's Farm ') would only be 4J miles." This is quite true, but on the other hand it must be remembered that there is not the faintest allusion to the Coaxdon adventure either in Anne Wyndham's narrative, the letters of EUesdon and Alford, or the Miraculum Basilikon, The Ellesdons, the Alfords and the Wesleys all figure In the early records of Lyme-of-the-King, from which place Charles vainly hoped to escape to France, and Charles's son, :he Duke of Mon- mouth, thirty-four years later, set out on the fj.tal enterprise which cost him his life. If the humorous author of the Miraculum is to be trusted, the fugitive monarch owed his preservatic n on the morning of September 23, 1651, to the "long-windedness" displayed by Benjamin Wesley (he gives the name as Westley), " the pun^, pittiful, dwindling parson of that place," f in his family devotions, concerning which Mistress Wyndham observes with evident satisfaction that "long prayers, proceeding from a traitorous heart, one e did good, but by accident only."^ Benjamin Wesley was the grejit-grandfather of the Apostle of Methodism, and a great deal of new information both as to ♦ See Life and Times of Daniel Defoe, by Walter Wilson. Lc ndon, 1 830. Vol. I, p. 1 1 2. t See post, VI, p. 136. X See post, V]I, p. 163. 41 The Royal Miracle himself and his immediate descendants will be found in the Proceed- ings of the IVesley Historical Society.^ Wesley was deprived of his benefice after the Restoration, and subsequently became an itinerant preacher and medical practitioner. He died at Lyme Regis, and was buried there on 1 5 February, 1670. His widow Mary was interred there on 13 July in the following year. While still minister at Charmouth, he was "presented" by the Jury of the Court Leet (2 October, 1654) for neglect, "causing annoyance of the highwayes.'*t Members of the EUesdon family were Mayors of Lyme Regis seven times between 1521 and 165 1, in which year Anthony EUesdon held the office. In the ancient and interesting church of Lyme Regis is a brass in memory of four of them with the family arms and the lines : — " Men pious just & wise, each many a yeere The helme of this towne's government did steere Beyond base envious reach, whose endless name Lives in all those that emulate theire fame." William Ellesdon,who subsequently furnished Lord Clarendon with the detailed account of his share in the events of September 22-3, 1651, had two sons, Anthony and Charles (the latter, born on June, 1661, named after the King). Anthony EUesdon lived till 13 November, 1737, having survived his brother Charles thirty-two years. There is a monument to him in the new church at Charmouth, removed thither from the older building. His mother and wife as well as his brother Charles were buried in the same vault with Anthony. Richard Alford was on five occasions elected Mayor of Lyme before 1632, when he held the office for the last time. The " Captain' Alford, whose curious letter, bitterly attacking the good faith of his * Sec Vols. V (1906), pp. 20-23, ^^ VI (1908), pp. 1-4. t The Rev. Joseph Ogle, who now lives at the '* Manse " (formerly the " Queen's Head"), where Charles II and his friends passed the night of September 22-2 3, 165 1, contributed a very interesting article on the subject of Benjamin Wesley and the landlady of the " Queen'* Head" entitled "The Story of a King's Kiss " to the Christian World of June 16, 19 10. Charles II in 1651 {From the original in the British Museum) Historical Introduction fellow-townsman Ellesdon, will be found amongst the documents now reprinted, is none other than the Gregory Alford who fought against the Parliament and compounded for his estates at ^f lo, when it is quite possible the Ellesdons were " trimmers." PJttt the Restoration he showed great severity to dissenters. It was during his second mayoralty* that Monmouth landed on Lyme Cobb. The family soon afterwards quitted the town. It was still dark on the morning of Wednesday, Sept. 24, when Charles, Lord Wilmot, Colonel Wyndham, Juliana Coningsby, and Peters left the " George " at Broadwindsor for Trent Manor. It is quite impossible that any such detour could have been made on that day as would have allowed them to visit Coaxdon Mane .r. Having regained his comfortable quarters as the guest of Francis md Anne Wyndham, Charles remained there without exciting suspicion until the morning of Monday, 6 October, when he set out on his journey to Heale House by way of Mere. That night he arrived safely at Heale House on Salisbury Plain, not far from Stonehenge and close to the banks of the Avon. The seventeenth-century house has now entirely disappeared, although an effort has been made to preserve the *' closet " associated by tradition with Charles's presence at Heale, wheie Mrs. Hyde proved as staunch a friend to royalty in distress as Mrs. (afterwards Lady) Wyndham. The present owner of this picturesqt e estate is now build- ing a new mansion on seventeenth-century lines, a id it is from him that the ground-plan of the 1651 house, now reproduced, has been obtained. At Heale Charles found an asylum until Monday morning, 13 Septem- ber, when he rode under the conduct of Colonel hunter or Gounter of Racton to the " George " at Warnford, where he dined, and thence to Hambleton House, where he passed the night as the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Symons or Symonds.t There is no foujidation for the legend * Gregory Alford first served the office of Mayor in i66 j. t Mr. J. Horace Round, who has given me invaluable i-ssistance in connection with King Charles's brief sojourn in Sussex, calls my attention to t he mine of information con- The Royal Miracle that the King accompanied the Colonel to his own residence at Racton, and the " site " indicated there must be regarded as one of the count- less apocryphal " King's hiding-places," which range from Barnstable on the west to Woodstock on the north, and Ovingdean Grange on the east.* Many interesting Gunter tombs are to be seen in the church at Racton, including that of the " most loyal and prudent gentleman '* who safely conducted the fugitive King from the neighbourhood of Heale House to the " George " at Brighthelmstone. As regards the cerning Racton and the Gunters contained in the illustrated article by the Rev. Fred H. Arnold, LL.D, published in Vol. XXIII of the Sussex Archaological Collections. Amongst the illustrations given is one of the punchbowl presented by Charles to Mrs. Symonds after the Restoration, and for a long time in possession of her descendants. Ursula Gunter was married to Thomas Symonds at Westbourne, 6 October, 1636. Mr. Round is the senior living repre- sentative of the Earl of Rochester, who as Lord Wilmot played an all-important part in the events recorded in these pages [see ^he Jncestor^ Vol. XI — October, 1904]. The Symonds bowl now belongs to Captain T. D. Butler, of Hambledon, a village even more celebrated as an aboriginal home of cricket than for its connection with the Flight of the King. Captain Butler informs me that Mr. Symonds's house stood a little outside the village to the south- east side of it, so that in going on to Shoreham a traveller would not have to pass through it. He says : " From Warnford to Broadhalfpenny Down Charles's itinerary is clear. Going by Old Winchester Hill, Chidden Down and Hyden Wood, almost in a straight line, they would scarcely pass a single cottage. The route taien by the King from Broadhalf- penny Down to Mr. Symonds's house, so as to avoid the village, can be easily traced, and is in fact almost unchanged. The house was demolished in 1720. Its site can still be traced. William Symonds, the last male heir, sold the property to Jonathan Conduit about 1708." In the parish registers the name is invariably spelt Symonds. The bowl never belonged to Mr. P. H. Hart, as erroneously stated by tht; article in the Sussex Archaologkd Collections above cited. A very good illustration of it is given by Mr. Allan Fea. The name of Thomas Symonds does not figure in the parish record of burials, but a field near the village is still known as « Symonds's Meadow." Although the Symonds family were Royalists, many of the Hambledonians took the other side, and Colonel Norton raised a troop for the Parliament known as «* The Hambledon Boys," who were engaged at Chcriton (see Godwin's Civil War in Hampshire^ 1882). ♦ It is asserted that according to tradition the King spent some time in a picturesque dwelling still to be seen on Southwick Green and long known as « King Charles's Cottage " and " Bough House." He certainly did not sleep there. He may very well have rested there in the early morning of October 1 5 after leaving Brighton, while waiting for the tide to float the «« Surprise " b Southwick Creek. The presence of a patrol would make it dangerous to embark at Shoreham. Historical Introduction adventures which on October 14-15, 165 1, befell Charles in the Sussex fishing-village, destined before another century ar d a half had passed away to become one of the most famous waterir g-places in Europe, and to be intimately associated with the life-story of another « Merry Monarch," the reader will find an abundance of information in the paper read by Mr. Harrison at the conclusion of the Carolean Pil- grimage, as well as in nearly all the tracts and broadsides reprinted in the anthology to which the name of the "Royal Miracle" is given. The chief point of interest centres on the correct identification of the " George," the inn at which the arrangements we:-e made which ended in the escape of the King to France. Much tu-ns on the historical value of an old water-colour sketch now in possession of Mr. William H. Blaber, of Hove, which came from the colle:tion of Mr. George Smith. It bears the following inscription : — «'Y« Kyng's Head Ynn" in y*' West Street a: Brighthemstone in which King Charles passed y« night before his happy escape into Fraunce. From a scarce print in the possession of BuUeley C. Ricketts Esq. Date on the print 1662." The picture in question has been carefully examined by Mr. J. H. Round, who does not detect any anachronism ir it. It may certainly be taken as corroboration of the testimony of Fanny Burney in favour of the West Street " King's Head," nearly opposite which stood the Thrale house, within the memory of persons still living. I believe Mr. Round had not seen the Blaber drawing ;yhen he drew up the following note on the subject :— " Mr. F. E. Sawyer has discussed at some length* the identity of * The George ' Inn. He was able to show from the Court Rolls that in 1656 there was an inn called *Thc George ' in Middle Street, and that the present * Old King's Head ' on ♦ %ussex Archaologtcal Collections^ Vol. XXXII, pp. 81-104. p The Royal Miracle the western side of the bottom of West Street was not described as an inn till 1754, when it was first called *The George.* Against this it is urged that the contrary is shown by Mr. Blaber's drawing, corroborated as it is by the statement of Fanny Burney, who stayed at Brighton with Mrs. Thrale in 1779 and 1782 and states that the house "was opposite *The King's Head,' where Charles II stayed," and speaks of the sign bearing the t^gy of " his black-wigged Majesty " being in existence since the Restoration. These two pieces of evidence show that the tradition of the West Street site was accepted in the latter part of the eighteenth century. This is directly at variance with Mr. Sawyer's documentary evidence. Judging by my own experience of such matters and of the quick growth of erroneous tradition, I suspect tiat someone who had read that the King had stayed at " The George,'* and who only found one inn so named at Brighton in the eighteenth century, assumed that this must have been the house, and the portrait of Charles being then put up as a sign, the house would come to be known as "The King's Head " instead of " The George." With regard to the contention raised that, according to Gunter, the horses were taken " the back way to the beach," and that this indicates " The King's Head " being the house, the evidence seems to me to point the other way. "That inn is situated so close to the beach that it could have made little or no difference, but if *The George' of 1651 was at the upper end of Middle Street the inn-yard might well have had a back entrance into Ship Street (then the * Hempshares ') by which the horses could leave privately.— J. H. R." If a copy of the Bulkeley Ricketts print could be found, it would settle the matter once and for all. It is impossible to discuss at length other debatable questions which arose out of the reading of Mr. Harrison's paper. Certain claims to descent from Nicholas Tattersall have been put forth, and Mr. J. H. Round, a recognised authority on such matters, has drawn up the following pedigree : — 46 Historical Introduction Captain Susan (i)=Nicholas=(2) Elizabeth d. 1670 Tettersall d. 1674 d. 1692-3 Nicholas Tettersall * Esquire ' d. 1701 1 Susanna = John Tettersall Geering, of Brighton, joiner Nicholas Tettersall d. 1679 d. young Susanna =Peter Tettersall the heiress White M.D. of Lewes. Frances White bapt. 5 Ap. 1703 Susan = White born 16 Sept = John Bridger Esquire of Coombe 1704 Place (in the heirejs Hamsey) Lewes 1 Sir Jc hn Bridger of Coombe Place 1874 Sir George:: -Mary ShifFner, Bart. Bridger hoiress d. 1844. Mr. W. Clarkson Wallis called the attention of the Mayor of Brighton to the devotion shown during the voyage across the Channel by the Quaker, Richard Carver, one of Tatters all's or Tattersell's sailors, who, after the Restoration, when the general scramble for rewards was going on, asked only for the release jf some of his dis- tressed brethren imprisoned for conscience' sake. The King liberated two, upon which Carver remarked it was " a poor price for a King's ransom." According to Mr. Wallis, the captain of the " Surprise," 47 I mr The Royal Miracle when High Constable of Brighton, proved "a malignant and un- scrupulous persecutor." Be this as it may, it was at the grave of the captain of the " Surprise," in the shadow of St. Nicholas's Church, that the Carolean Pilgrimage of 191 1 came to an end. There is certainly a good deal about Tattersall which is still undiscovered, and the Pilgrimage has apparently re-awakened an in- terest in the subject. To Mr. H. D. Roberts I am indebted for copies of the following important entries in the Brighton parish registers. " t6o6 Septembr. The ffirst married Nichollas Tetersolle and JoanE Peirce 1638 November. The xxviith married Nichollas Tetersoale, Jn' and Suzan Cake." * They apparently record the marriages of the captain of the "Surprise" and his father. The tomb of King Charles's preserver at Brighton is certainly far more ornate than the rough, inscribed flag-stone which alone marks the last resting-place of the Sovereign he saved in Westminster Abbey. If the satisfactory settlement of some existing doubts con- cerning the events of 1651, and the bringing to light of facts hitherto unknown connected with the fascinating historical romance happily called the " Flight of the King," result either directly or indirectly from the Carolean Pilgrimage of 191 1, it will assuredly not have been undertaken altogether in vain. A. M. BROADLEY. The Knapp, Bradpole, Bridport, March 17, 1912, ♦ In the Bishop's transcripts of the Brighton registers Mr. Waher C. Renshaw has discovered the baptismal entry of the captain of the " Surprise " : "1617 Sep 3 Nichollas S. of Nich» Teterselle bap" 48 XING CliAlvl iOiiit? li'i liifc«%. -r The Tombstone of Charles II in Westmnster Abbey [Front a phofograpli taken by penniysion of lite C/iap/er for //lis 7vork) /) can II n( I White-Ladies (Reprinted from the copy in possession of A. M. ]Jroadiejr.) i I II ii o 5 < u H X O w 0^ u. 02 O X H U a. X H '/: O X a is < < I w H To the Kings il/oj^ Excellent Majesty Great Sir /ir/)^« J/ was your devout resolve to praise God t tionfor your no less miraculous, preservation, t When it was reported you would, assume your . with Caesar, your own Commentaries ; or wi your other self ; tell what the Lord hath done When your miraculous escape was an argument most, that you are the power over us, ordained of It was but reasonable that those who were fu tion in the particulars of that providence should cate them i. to the honour of God the author, 2 and 3 to the satisfaction of a whole nation that the Anointed of the Lord, the breath of th being taken in their nets. And, it is no less reasonable, that such a piece, be be dedicated to youre Majesty, that you may now suffered, that you may with pleasure remember, with sorrow. n the great Congrega- len rcstauration ^oyal pen, and write, ■h the Royal prophet for your soul of power to convince God. 'nished with informa- impartially communi- . to your own honour, is very solicitous how eir nostrils, escaped ing attempted, should enjoy what you once what you once knew Olim hoBc meminisse juvabit Something more solemn, Majestique, and elegant, becomes you, but that the ornament of history is naked truth : besides I durst not he Ingenious with your miseries, nor play with your misfortunes. May your good people, by your gracious permission, understand, what they have hitherto but admired ; that they may speak them to their children, and speak of them, when they sit in their house, when they walk in the way, when they lye down, and rise up! 51 See Procl. for keeping June 28 day of Thanksgiying. The Royal Miracle Deut. 6 & II. and I have done offending the publick good, in these minute diversions I have given to your great thoughts, when I have subscribed myself Your Majesties, most Loyal Subject, and most humble Servants The Publisher to the Reader. This History comes forth neither too soon, nor too late, nor so far off that the footsteps of truth are worn out, as in some ancient stories, saith one, where the most cunning hunters are at a losse, nor yet so near, that the heels of truth ought to be feared, though he is an unworthy historian who overvalueth his own safety to the injury of the present age, the age past and postery ;: the impartiality in inquiring the particulars of this providence, which most ages will have much ado to believe, save that wherein it was acted, makes us confident in appeal to all the surviving actors, which 1 submit to, as judges of our integrity. The Sybil brought Tarquin some books, and demanded so much for them, which when he refused she burnt half and brought the rest again at the same rate ; but our nation hath been offered the very scraps of this history for great rates, and hath accepted them. How it will now entertain the Whole I know not, we could as well have obtruded, lies, as truth, and gained as much by a pamphlet as by an history : the good people will do well to give a kind entertainment to this whole history, least they pay as much for half a one. When neither i. birth, whereby he was the Jirst bom among many brethren, nor 2. the Law of the land, which allows each person his peculiar allotment and possession : Nor 3. a Possession since memory : 52 W^hite-Ladies Nor 4, endowments, which, if they were not possessed of ancient Majesty, deserved a new one : Nor 5. when the general wishes of his people could not prevail with desperate and resolved Usurpurs. His sacred Majesty CHARLES the II (according to the respective articles of the treaty at Breda) having arrived in June 1650 (not without some danger at sea) at Spey in the > orth of Scotland^ and being crowned on the first of January next ensuing, at Schone ; makes use of the Army of 22000 men (raised by his Subjects of Scotland according to agreement) to reduce them. A part) in Parliament under the influence of O. C. H. I. etc. Having so hardened us in our misery^ that his gracious Majesty must compell us to bu happy, that worth, which kingdoms would have courted, must force its way to a king- dome here. And therefore, he marches with that army, by way of Carlisle^ to England Aug. i. 51. (in the mean tine sending his Royal pardon, from his Camp at Woodhouse neer the bc»rder ; to all persons, except O. C. H Ireton^ J Bradshaw, J Cooke etc whom mercy itself could not but punish) as his harbinger to the whole nadon, especially in the City of London, at whose beck lay the whole K ngdom, where its by Shrieflf Tichb's (i). own hands, as they say, burmid, while the Westmin Declaration against his Majesty, and all that adherec to him, was solemnly proclaimed with beat of Drum, and sound of Trumpet. In his way, having received a consideral)le supply from the Renowned Earl of Derby, and disputed a passage successfully at fVerrington bridge: he arrived after 300 Miles march from St John- ston's, upon the 22 of August at Worcester ; and was there, proclaimed King of England, Scotland, France & Ireland 8ic. upon the 23 by Mr Lysens the Mayor, & Mr Bridges the Sher flf of that renowned City, upon which day he summoned the Ne ghbouring Nobility, Gentry, and others, according to a Statute in that case provided, from 16 to 60. to appeare in armes at Pitchcroft on the 26, where accord- ing to summons, appeared F. L, Tolbot, with 6(» horse, Mr. Touchet, Sir / Packington, Sir W. Blunt, Sr R Clare, Mr. Sceldon of Bewly, S3 The Royal Miracle Mr JVashboume of Witchingford with 40 horse, Mr Horny old with 40 more, Mr Acton^ Mr Blunt, Mr Knotsford &c. Notwithstanding which accesse his Majesties Army was conceived not above 12000, especially since the E of Derby was defeated by Col Lilburne on the 25 Aug near fViggan in Lancashire , where the Lord Widdrington, Sr T. T^ihleyy Col Trollop, L Col Galliard, &c were slain, Col. Roscarrocke was wounded, Sir fF, Throckmorton, Sir Tim Fetherston, and Col. 5^/«« were taken, the Earle himself hardly escaping, with Col: Roscarrocke, and two Servants, through the Confines of Straffordshire & Shropshire to Worcester. Cromwell in the mean time having seduced, or awed the whole nation to come & hedge in his Majesty as clearly as H of Franu was hedged in at Agen Court; Commands Lambert to attacque the bridge, and pass, at Upon, seven Miles below Worchester on the 28 Aug. Whence M. Gen. Massy being beat off, made a retreat as much to his own honour as if he had conquered. And he himself advances from Pershore to Sloughton within 4 Mile of Worchester Southward facing it at the evening with a party of horse, appearing the next day at Redhill within a mile from Wor- cester, with a great body of Horse & Foot, making a bonne-mine but attempting nothing. Upon the 30. of August his Majesty commanded 1500. choice Horse & Foot, under Middleton & Keyth, to beat up the enemies quarters, probably with success, had they not been discovered by one Guyes a Taylor who was afterward hanged. The fatal 3 Septemb, being come, his Majesty holds a Council of Warr, upon the top of the Colledge Church Steeple : and observing some firing at Powick bridge between Lambert, Ingolsby & Gibbons on the one hand, and M. Gen Montgomery tz Coll: Keyth on the other, and, seeing a bridge of boates made over Severne under, Buncil, by O C, went in person to order & encourage the Souldiers at Powicke to maintain that bridge, and prevent the other ; and thence returning, his 54 TVhite-JLadies Majesty marched with the D of Buckingham through Sudbury gate to meet Cromwell, who was now got to an advantageous post at Perry- wood, within a mile of the City, & joyning witl Hamilton, For bus & diverse others, persons of great worth & quality, forced him, and his Janizares, to retreat, beyond their great guns a while, untill they were overpowerd with multitudes of new supplies, \7hich surfeited their valour rather than subdued it, when his Majesty having performed wonders (his arch enemy being judge) was forced to retreat in at Sudbury Gate in some disorder (with the loss of D. Hamilton, Sr John Douglas, Sr Alex Forbus & Fort 100). a Cart load of Ammunition being overthrown in the gate, so that his Majesty could not ride in (the enemy in the mean time possessing himself of Sr John's), In Friers Street, his Majesty put of(f) his armour, & took a freesh horse, riding up & down among the dejected Souldjery, with his hat in his hand, entreating them to stand to theii armes, but when he could not prevail told them, / had rather you woild shoot me, then keep me alive, to see the sad consequence of this fatal day ; and then Marched out at St. M, Gate about 6 in the evening, with his horse commanded by Lesley; when the enemy in the interim was stopped in Sudbury Street by the R. Honourable the E. Cleavelanc, Sr James Hamilton^ Col Carlesse &c, whose valour & despair did wonders. His Majesty at 'Barbones bridges proposed another attempt, but the D of Buckingham L. Wilmot, concluding the day was lost, resolve Northward by the direction of one Walter, fornierly Schoolmaster to Col : Sands Governour of Worcester. But this Walker being in the twilight puzr.led in the way ; his Majesty consulted with the D. B , the E of Derly &c about some rest and safety, the Earl of Derby, having (having) made tryal of Boscabel house in his flight from Wiggan, acquaints the Ki ig of its conveniency which was suggested to be very probable in that it was a Papisfs mansion house, who, being used to persecution, & searcher, were most like to have the readiest means and safest contrivances to preserve SS '^ ''iK The Royal Miracle him, his Majesty is guided thither by M. C{harles) Giffard with one Tates^ a servant passing through Stourbridge^ speaking French to pre- vent any discovery of his Majestie's presence, his Majesty discoursing with Col Roscorroke touching the security of the E of Derby ^ and he found all Boscobal house. His Majesty having in the evening left Lesley going directly Northward by Newport & privily leaving the D.B (Duke of Bucking- ham), E. Lauderdale, L. Wilmot, L. Talbot, Col. Blague, Roscorrocke, Mr. Darcy, Mr Lane, Mr Armour, Mr May, Mr Giffard, Mr Street &c, goes to fVbiteladies half a mile from Boscobel, that the company might not know whether his Majesty directly intended, thence one Martin (a boy in the house) is sent for fVill Penderel to Whiteladies, whom the E of Derby took into the Inner Parlour, and shewed him the King, saying, have as much care of him as thou hadst of me. His Majesty, having cut his hair, coloured his face with Walnuts, having put off his princely accoutriments, and put on a noggen* shirt of one Martin's, and a green suit & Leather doublet of R. Pendril, hastens out at the back door with R Pendril unknown to the country save same intimates who parted with him in the backside with sad hearts, in regard to a troop of the enemies under Col: Ashenhurst quartered at Catsal 3 miles off, some whereof came to the house within half an hour after the company was gone. The Duke of Buckingham, the Earl of Derby &c, In the mean-time with fourty horse are guided by Mr Giffard after Lesley, but the Earl of Derby, Earl Louderdail were taken prisoners, and the Earl of Derby was afterwards condemned by Col Mac Knorth, M. Gen. Milton, Col Duckenfield, Col. Bradshaw, Col: Croxton, Col Twistleton, L Col: Birchenhead, L. Col. Finch, L. Col. Newton &c, Sitting in a Counsel of War Oct i 1651, by an order from O. C. grounded on Aug 12. then last past, notwithstanding he pleaded quarter given him by one Captf Edge who took him Prisoner, and beheaded at Boulton Oct: 15. * Hempen or coarae. 56 ,1 O u a z < en u c < u H I [I. O 2 <, q^ I > 5 as ^ < :> I ■4' I IVhite-Ladies The Duke escaped in a disguise (quittin:^ his horse, and the George which was given him by the Q oi Englani) to Mr Hawkleyes in Nottinghamshire, and thence to the Lady Villi ers in Leicestershire, thence came to London, & escaped to France^ the Lord Talbot was in his Father's out-houses for five dayes, untill he was almost stiffled & starved. The Earl of Cleavland was taken at ME! BrughtorCs house at Woodcot in Shropshire, His sacred Majestie lyes the while on a blan ced in spring coppice, with Rich. Penderelly and eating some buttered eggs with a mess of milk, of goodwife Tates providing, and asking t le Woman, cheerfully (whose sex he knew was no good concealer of :i secret) good Woman ^ can you be faithfull to a distressed Cavalier? W hereunto she replied, 1 will dye rather than discover you. But my Lord Wilmot^ being conducted by one Walker to Mr Huntbaches house at Brinsford ; and by J. Penderel to Mr Whitgreavet at Mosely, by Mr. Huddleston's means, where mv Lord saw such Con- veniences that he said, I would give a World my friend {meaning the King) were here. On Thursday night his Majesty resolved to go from these parts to Wales, a Countrey eminent, for security & :or faithfulness, where the People, and there dwellings, would have outvied each other in Loyalty, and his Majesty would be safe, both in there hearts and in there Caves^ thus our David was hunted like a l^artridge to the top of the mountains: Richard Pendrel must be the ,^uide of his ways & manners, a tutor whose business it was to untcach him of all he had learned in School, Camp, or Court, and to breed him a Royal Clown, to which purpose to takes him to the renowned Academy, his own house at Hobbal grange, where his Majesty tool: equall content in the old goodwife RenderelTs father, as in her Son's Rustickness : and pleased himself to see how as the good Woman could bear the honour she had to entertain a King, and her Son had to rerve him, there he had time, and means, to disguise himself compleatly, though it was a hard 57 The Royal Miracle II task for his Majesty to keep himself from breaking out through all concealment : Innate Royalty betrays its worth in Rags and clouts : the King of Niniveh was as much a Prince in his sackcloath as in his Robes : a Diamond will glisten in a dungill, and a star is discovered by a night : and first he must be contented to go under the name of William Jones ; name (saith Plalo) are a shadow of things, his Majesties blacks were of to taint a dye without the tincture of Tautology, with- out a shadowe's shadow, and then he must on with a leathern breeches, neer kin to that coat of skins God made J^am, as the Rabins think, out of the skins of the sacrificed beasts, when he cloathed them, carrying in his hand a wood bill or a Shepheard's crook right like a Shepheard of the People, as Homer terms Kings of old, now Heaven might really spake to CHAR(L)ES what it spake to Cyrus in a figure Es 44.48. He is my Shepheard, thus about nine at night (after a little refreshment to flatter rather than satisfie nature), his Majesty with the whole guard of a single Richard, began his journey on foot. Now we see that evill under the Sun, Servants ride on horse back, and Princes walk on foot. Thus David went up Mount Olivet with sackcloath on his head and bare footed ; they resolve that night for Madeley in Shropshire about five miles from White Ladies, and within a mile of Severne over which they were to pass to Walles. But my Lord Wilmot thinking not himself secure, while his Soveraign was but in a likely-hood of danger, employes Jo & Penderel from Mosely to White Ladyes, to inform himself of the King's safety, who returned word, that his Majesty was gone : whereupon my Lord having but himself now to secure, consults his own safety, as well as nature & reason disturbed with troubles, extremities, dangers & fears, that betrayeth the succours of reason : about this time Col Lane according to appointment comes to Moseley and (after a solemn addresse to my Lord, which was as civilly returned as it was made, acquainted my Lord, how his Sister Jane had a passe for herself and a Man to go to Bristoll, to see a sister there neer her time of Lying in, 58 JVhite-Ladies which he said his Lordship might make use of : whereunto my Lord being Inclinable, and on Saturday night was cor ducted by the Col's Man (himself not being well) to his house at Bentley, taking his leave, very solemnely of Mr. Whitgrave ; and discovered himself to him, who was sorry he could not enjoy my Lord, but then when he parted with him : so our enjoyments are most commonly understood when Lost. His Majesty in the mean time in his way to Madely with his man Richard, were put to it at Evelin-hn>, about t^ o miles, from hence, for the miller having entertained some Cavalie-s, was very carefull upon his guard, when they letting a gate, througfi which they passed, clap together, made him ask boldly who was there, being surprised with a sudden & neer danger, two things that will riison that passion of fear in the most stayed soul ; whereupon his M ajesty being guarded with Innocence, the best armour against dangers from without, and fears from within, and being righteous was bold as a Lyon. Prov : 28. I. While Richard for fear of his friends {Omnia tuta timet, non minus presidium suum quam hostes metuit tanto discrimine, Liv i. Virg: An. \. 3) betakes himself to by-ways ; where he was force i with his Majesty to wade through a little brook which contributed much to the galling of his Majesties tender feet, never used to those hardships, which had been intolerable to some subjects. Here his Majesty (as he was afterwards plej.sed to observe, when he took pleasure to remember those extremities which were now no lesse than torments to suflfer) was like to lose his guide, but that the russling of his calfe skin breaches brought ty dings of him, when he could not see him. At last his Majesty arrives at Madely about midnight & knocked at Mr Wolfes, where they v^ere all a bed, but his daughter arose and opened to them, where his Majesty durst but refresh himself, and hearing that the Enemy 'vas thick thereabout, guarding all passages over the Severn, retires to an adjoyning barn (a Court now for Herod ; there is the Court, vhere is the King, & place as eminent as the threshold of Araunah :) the sad lodging was 59 The Royal Miracle a little bettered with Mr Wolfes good company, and his discourse of severall particulars of Importance, especially of his Majesties Journey, for the promoting whereof care is taken for a more particular information of the guards upon the Seveme^ which proved to be so strict upon all bridges, and even ferry-boats that it was thought dangerous to proceed in the journey for Wales, and upon second thoughts it was thought fit to return to Boscobel, being the most retired place for concealment in all the Countrey : belonging to Recusants, who being used to searches & persecution, had been taught the best contrivances, for security & privacy. In the mean time, Mr. Wolfes care & love, with his majesties own just fears & discreet suspicion, thinking his majesty not sufficiently disguised, Mrs Wolfe provides some walnut-tree leaves, and put his Majesties face & hands in an hue suitable to his apparel & gesture, that he might have some colour for a disguise. Let not all this care to hide himself be at all imputed to his cowardice (for he is the man that feared no colours) but to that discretion that taught him wisely to escape the dangers which he could not valiantly subdue ; makeing use of the close opportunity of a night to refresh himself at the house (which the day forbad him) about a ii. a clock he sets out with his Fidus Achates^ Richard on foot, towards Boscobell where he arrived about three a clock on Saturday morning, but durst not go in until Richard had looked in, and seen whether there were any Souldiers, or other danger there (his Majesty in these troubles keeping up his mind equall, and his reason ready to assist with all caution & circum- spectnesse) while the honest man went in, his majesty was left in the wood safe, within the concealment of a double night, one from nature, and another from the wood. When Richard (then Scoutmaster General) came to Boscobell, who should he meet there but Colonel Carlesse, who had with much difficulty escaped thither from Worcester, where he stayed to see the last man dye, being a man of that valour, that durst not leave a field as long as there 60 W^hite-Ladies remained a friend to be assisted, or an enemy to be subdued, here to his own Countrey, he betook himself for relief & for security, having been awhile in the wood for the one, and being now come to the house for the other. The Col. was no sooner informed that his Majesty was in the wood, that he hastens thither with Richard to gi/e there attendance, where they found his Majesty sitting on the root of a tree (so King Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah) gvarded no doubt by Angels, to whom God gave a charge over him, who no doubt in this Wilderness came U ministered unto him. The Col. addressing himself to his Majesty in a posture, becoming the most loyal subject, and his Majesty receiving him with affections, becoming the most gracious Soveraign, they came both to the house, and heartily eat such cibum parabile as bread & cheese, and the like, which the house aflfoorded (his Majesties good constitution being able to digest what many a subject could not) onely th \ be back to the wood for fear of a surprise, where he might securely (like the higher beings) see, and not be seen, being come to the wood among the several Stately trees, now ambitious to be his majesties Court and : throne, a thick-Ieaved oak is pitched on, one thats now revered for Antiquity, and once sacred to a Deity. Indeed Oaks have been counted sacred among the Jews, Jeremie 24, 26. Esek 6. 13 Hos 4. 13. and the Gentiles Plin 12. 6. i C^sar Com. 6. ^trubo. Geog. 4 Btod, Stc. I 5 Cluzer 4. 24. Buckens Delph. phcen. append, p. 38, 39, 40 Into this Oak his majesty & the Collond yet being assisted by mil & R Penderel, who (like the Jackal, the Lyons providore) went abroad, as his Majesties purveyors, for such provisions for his Majesty, as that place afFoorded. But alas nature called not so much for food to eat, as for sleep to digest what had been eaten. It was now almost two nights since his Majesty had enjoyed the happy minute to slumber in. Therefore a cushion is called for, whereon his majesty might rest some part of his body, while that sacred head (whose security disturbed the Usurpers many a night) rested it self on his beloved Carless his lap • where he slumbered away some part of the day, notwithstanding the unevenness hardnesse, and danger of his Lodging, the Honourable Colonel in the mean time watching, least his majesty should fall down and looking about him least they should be both surprized. When the Evening Courteously sheltered them, and night offered them a protection, they returned to the house, where his Majesty was informed of the secret place whererein the Earl of Derby had been secured, which his Majesty liked so well, that he entrusted himself to It hopmg that a place so faithfull to a subject, could not but be faithful! to a Pnnce, his Majesty being now at more ease and leasure, and m better security, permits one of the honest Brothers to play the harbour upon him, and cut the hair as short as the scissers would do it, but leaving some about his ears, that he might in no particular come short of a Countrey Clown : In the mean time Col : Carless stands by, and makes his pleasant observations upon the action ; and 62 White-Ladies tells his Majesty Will was but a mean barber, to which his Majesty replied, he had not been shaved by any barber before ; the Colonel asked William, who was Oberon's barber, when he trimmec himself? and some other pleasant passages, to ease his sacred Majesty- of his heavy cares, and to divert his mind from the sad thoughts his affairs suggested to him. Interpone tuis interdum gaudia curts — Non semper Arcum tendit, sed semel in anno ridit Apollo : They bade miliam burn the hair he cut off, east there should be any of the superfluities of his Majesty to betray either himself or the poor man : but Will durst be disobedient in tha: particular, being to burn these comely locks, wherewith he has since pleasured some persons of Honour with, who cabinet them up, as devoutly as the most sacred Relique of Rome : admirable indeed is gracious loveliness of each curl : Its true, its black but comely, Leda fuit nigris conspicienda comis. Ovid. Thus it may be he redeemed his head, with the loss of his hair : so the merchant saves himself with the losse of his rich fraught. Now Humphrey Penderel was to go to Shefnal (in Shropshire) to pay Cap. Proudway some taxes : where (the enemies swarming so thick in each corner of the Countrey) he must needs fall upon some Parliament Souldiers, among whom, a Collonel, being informed that the King had been at Whiteladies, and finding thut Humphrey lived not far off, examined him very strictly, assaulting hi n with the two most likely temptations, 1 mean fear, and hope : tie first whereof, he worked upon, with punishment severely threatened, the other with reward, insinuatingly promised, neither of which prevailed, upon solid honesty, or upon plain or resolved Loyalty : the honest man durst not for all those grievous torments threatened to all his Majesties abettors, «3 \ The Royal Miracle I I complices &c betray his gracious soveraign, nor for the one thousand pounds reward, for discovering him, betray an innocent man ; he knew what became of that person, who for some pieces of silver betrayed, innocent bloud. He made use of the obvious plea of ignorance which seeming probable, from a man of his make, brought him off clearly, and was fairly dismissed, and then he thought it long before he could arrive at his Majesty & the loyal Collonel to give a narrative of what passed between him & the Parliament Collonel, which he did to his Majesties satisfaction in all particulars : only his Majestie discreetly suspected his future safely among so mean & needy persons, now there was such a price laid upon his head : yet he said nothing, least if he betrayed his suspicion of them, he would make them guilty : whereas on the contrary, Seneca saith, whom you would have Innocent^ let him know by your trust of him^ that you think him so ; therefore at night his Majesty committing the care of the avenues of the house, and broad wayes to the brothers still, was pleased to accept of a treatment from the good wife (whom his Majesty was pleased to call my dame Joan) for she had provided some chicken for his Majesties supper, whereof he was pleased to eat very heartily. And after supper there was a little pallet put up into his retyring room for his highness to rest in, where (after a competent supper, so many dayes travels, and night- watchings, and being now, in some measure of security) he could not but sleep well the most part of that night. Collonel Carelesse not willing, to put the next day, being Sunday^ to the trouble of providing & caring for itself after supper asked his Majesty, what meat he would please to have provided for the morrow ? his Majesty (who is observed to take more delight in solid meat than in kickshaws) presently desired some mutton, // it might be had : the Collonel and the rest being willing to satisfy their masters desire, but withall, as willing to consult his safety, debate how this mutton could be procured ; mine host was not so well provided, either in his house, 64 White-Ladies or in his field; to go for it anywhere would ha\e been dangerous, it being like to breed a suspicion that he had some strangers at home, he himself having seldom any occasions to make mch provisions, not as he pro/esedf since the merry-making at the christening of his eldest child : Therefore there was a third expedient found out a neighbours sheep that rented some of Boscobell ground must be borrowed, unknown to the King, & satisfaction given for it as soon is they were gone ; which was accordingly offered but refused by /fr Stanton, when he heard it was taken for the use of some honesi: Cavaliers, wishing, much good might it do them. On Sunday morning September the 7th his Majesty was up early (as its his usual custom) and having neer his dormitory a Gallery, he spent some time there, in heavenly meditation, and some in earnest prayer (which as events discover) availed much : thus did he make good King David's saying When I awake Early, 1 am with thee. And then he had the pleasure of a prospect from Tong to Breewood, which satisfied the eyes, and of the famous bells at Torg, which entertained the ear. Not long after as his Majesty was coming down stairs his nose fell a bleeding, which seemed ominous to some of his followers, untill his Majesty was pleased to tell them, was not with him so rare & unusuall. The house as it afFoorded not provision sufficient for his Majesty, so, now they were provided elsewhere, neither cid it affoord a cook, therefore when his Majestie had spent most of the morning with the family, in discourses and other exercises suitable 1:0 the day, and it was now dinner-time : he himself must call for a knife, & a trencher, & cut some of it into Scoth coUops, as he was pleased to call them, and pricked them with the knifes point, then calling for a frying- pan and butter, and fryed the CoUops himself. Colonel Carelesse the while making the fire, and turning the Collops in the Pan, which passage affiDorded a pleasant problem among the Deipnosophists in France, proposed merrily 1 65 The Royal Miracle 4 ( I by his Majesty, Which was the master-cook at Boscobel^ he, or Colonel CarlelesseF the supremacy was of right given to his Majesty : as indeed it was due in all causes^ and over all persons. After dinner his Majesty retyres to a pretty arbour in Boscohel Garden, which stood upon a mount, where he spent a sabbath almost as devoutly, as ever any meer man since kept his in paradice ; here his Majesty passed away some time in reading ; but it is a question whether he read more in the plants, or in the books — monstrat qualibet herba deum^ — and most books can do no more. But his Majesty could not be contented to be happy alone, and therefore enquires for my Lord Wilmot, and knowing that a certain information of his security would be my Lords greatest comfort, he sends Jo. Penderel to Mosely^ who missing my Lord there ventured to deliver his message to Mr Whitgreave & Mr Huddleston : who brought him to my Lord at Bentley, who appointed a meeting with Mr Whitgreave about 12. a clock at night, and desired Mr Huddleston to appoint a place to attend the King about one a clock, the same night. In the mean time M[! Lane's Journey to Bristol was stayed, till his Majesties pleasure was known ; that Noble Lord neglects the oppor- tunity to save himself, on purpose to save his majesty : and quits his allegiance to nature and reason dictating to himself preservation, rather than his allegiance to \{\s prince. All these resolutfons were faithfully imparted to his Majesty at Boscobel : In compliance with which when the Sabbath was over, which was in the evening, for its thought the evening and the morning, makes the first day, he resolved for Mosely : but in regard his majesties feet were so indisposed by his late Journey to Madely, he was ride on the miller of Whiteladies horse. Colonel Carelesse humble took his leave of him, cause being born at Bromhall in Staffordshire within two miles of Boscobel, he was so well known in those parts, that he would rather betray, than serve his majesty ; who was so satisfied, with this & other his services that he was pleased by Letters 66 ff^hite- Ladies Patents under the great Seal of England to give him, by the name of Will Carlos (which in Spanish signifyeth Charles) an honourable Coat of Armes, hearing an Oak proper, in a Field Or, a Fesse Gules, charged with 3 regall Crotvnes of the Second, by the name of Carlos. And for his crest a Civic Crown with a Sword and Scepter crossed through it saltier wise. His Majesty rode towards Moseley, guarded by the five brothers at a convenient distance, being led through by-vayes though it was midnight (so provident & circomspect is fear, to provide against those evils which cannot by dexterity be so easily shifted off, as they may at a distance be prevented, Reynolds Passions. 29 i. A merry Passage that happened upon the way between his Majesty, and the miller must not be omitted : an interval of mirth, doeth well in the middle of these sad passages : his Majesty had very good reason to complain that the horse he rid on was the heaviest dull Jade he ever rode on, to which his master the miller replyed in his behalf (beyond his usual notion) grammercy horse ; my Leige ! Can you blame the horse to go heavily, when he hath the weight of 3 Kingdomes apon his back ? At Penford mill within ten miles of Mosely his Majesty alights, and was contented in submission to his guides to trudge on foot, untill he arrived at the Place appointed by Mr Fudleston (which was in the Grove in Pitleasow) whence his Majesty went with Mr Hudleston to Whitgreaves : but observe the gracious condescertion of his Majesty, together with the gratitude, having forgot to tace his leave of the brothers that were now discharged, he calls t<» them, and saith, my troubles make me forget myself, 1 thank you all : and gave them his hand to kiss. But being come to Mosely at last (though it was some two hours after the time appointed, wHch put my Lord Wilmot to some fear : ) Res est soliciti plena timoris amor. In tefingebam violentes Troas Ituros Nomine in Hectoreo Pallida semper eram 67 i\ ^ i !j 4 *• I TAe Royal Miracle How oft my dear Ulysses did I see, In my sad thoughts proud Trojans rush on thee mine ears, And when great Hector's name but touched fears My cheeks drew paleness from my paler. Fingebat metum quo magis concupiscit Tacit .1.1 The things to which our heart love bears Are objects of our careful! fears, He embraced my Lord JVilmot with as much tenderness & affec- tion, as he did him with humility & duty, kissing him upon the cheek, he asked him what had become of Buckingham, Cleaveland, &c. As if he cared, not so much for his own things, as for the things of others ; to which gracious demand my Lord could give little satisfaction, but hoped they were safe, and then my Lord intimating, that he whom he called all this while his friend, was his & there master, they came humbly to kiss his hand, and he entertained them very civilly with gracious expressions of his tender sense of their faithfuUnesse, whereof he was assured by my Lord Wilmoty and then presently asked, where is your secret place ? but before he went to bed Mr Hudlestone prevailed with him to exchange his shirt, pulled off his stockens, his Jump-coat* (as the Countrey folks speake) and leathern doublet, &c. and gave him much ease, and when his Majesty had refreshed himself with some bisket & a bottle of Sack, he was pleased thus to express himself cheer- fully, I am now ready for another march, and if it shall please God once more to place me in the head of but eight or 12000. good men, men of one mind, and resolved to fight, I shall not doubt to drive those rogues out of my Kingdoms : a little after he went to rest into his Privy Chamber. My Lord in the meantime consulting with Mr Whitgreave, his Majesties security, resolved nobly, that in case Mr Whitgreave should be put to any torture for confession. He should confess him first, which * A short leathern frock. 69 White-Ladies might happily satisfie them, and preserve the King, and next day there came some Souldiers to Mr Whitgreave challenging him for being at Worcester, but they were quickly satisfied by the Neighbours who testified that he had not been from Home in a Fortnight, then last past. My Lord Wilmot being informed by CoUonel Lane, as before, of a pass Mrs Lane had to go into the West, went to Bentley to provide his Majesty a safe passage to the West, under the protection of that pass. In the meantime Mr Hudleston & Mr Whitgnave were upon their guard, and the old gentlewoman enquiring of news below stairs, was informed that his Majesty had beaten his enemies ;it Warrington-bridge, & that there were 3. Kings come to his assistance, which she pleasantly related to his Majesty, who smiling answered, surely they are the three Kings of Colen, come down from Heaven, for I can imagine none else, Mr Hudlestone has under his tuition Sir Jo. Prtston Mr Paylin and Mr Reynold, whom he employed upon the Life-guard, As the young men more truly then they imagined called it. While Mr. Hudleston kept company with his Majesty My Lord sends (ZoUonel Lane for his Majesty, who took his leave of Mr Whitgreave & ;. not only thanking them, but also directing them what to do in case ihey were reduced to any extremity for their Loyalty, to which they replied all the service they could do him now, was to pray heartily to dod for his safety & preservation : this night both cold & dark, his Majesty was brought safely to Bentley to Mrs Lanes, whence he took tie opportunity of her pass, and rode before her to Bristow,* the Lord Wilmot attending at a distance. But Bristow not serving his turn, he returned & sojourned a while among loyal subjects in Summer setshire, Wiltshire, Hampshire, untill he came to Brighthempston, in Sussex, where he took shipping about the end of Octob 51. and landed securely at Diep-t in Normandy: and there was received with the honour, that became his person, and with the joy that became his escape, Mr Gifford in the mean time being * Bristol. t Fecjmp. 69 rl ! I il T/^e Royal Miracle sorely put to it for discovery at WhiteladieSy Mr Whitgreave and Mr Hudleston absenting themselves, and my dame Joan being much affrighted by two parties that came to search their house. Col. Carloss got to Holland to bring the Royal princess the first news of her Brothers safety & escape, for which his Majesty by letters patents, as before, gave him by the name of Will. Carlos (which in Spanish is CHARLES) a coat of armes bearing upon an oake proper in a field Or, a Jesse gules charged with three Regal Crowns of the second, and for the crest a Civic Crown, with a sword & scepter crossed through it saltier wise, with the motto suhditus fidelis regis et regni salus. The Royal oake of Boscobell hath of late been visited by looo of people, having been honoured once as the pallace of his sacred Majesty, and was since in Aug. 1659 a sanctuary to my Lord Bruerton after the Cheshire defeat. These Brothers have waited upon his Majesty Wensday^ June 13 1660 & Mr Huddleston with Mr Whitgreave soon after, who owned their faithfull service, and graciously condescended to such a degree of gratitude, as could be expected only from the best of Kings, and was due to the best of subjects. Courteous Reader ^he Publisher hath here presented thee with the first part only of his Majesties preservation, which ij it find a favourable acceptance, will encourage him to proceed in the narration of the residue of his dangers, and extremities, till divine povidence had compleated his safety and landed him at Diep, beyond the reach of his enemies. Farewell. II The History of His Sacred Majesties Most Wonderful Presi.Tvation (Broadside) 70 na^BewmMm I Pictorial Heading of the unique Broadside of 1660 in possession of the writer, containing one of the first accounts published OF THE Adventures of Charles II during his Six Weeks' Wanderings after the Battle of Worcester The HISTORY of his saCRed Majesties moft Wonderful! Prefervation, after the Battle of Worcester. With a true Relation of Col. George Gunter conveying his MAJESTY from Salisbury to Brighemsted in Sussex^ where he took Shipping. AFter a tedious march his Sacred Mijesty with his Army Arrived at VVorceJter on the 22^ of August 1 65 1 . Next day after his Arrival he was Proclaimed ]Cing of Great ^ntain^ France^ and Ireland^ by Mr. Thomas UJens Mayor, and Mr.^ James Bridges Sheriffe of that Loyal City. On the same day his Majesty sent abroad a E'eclaration summoning upon their Allegiance all the neighbouring l^obility, Gentry, and others from sixteen to sixty, to appear with Horse and Armes at Pifck- ford on Tuejday following, Tuefday the 26 of Au^iuji was a Randezvouz in Pitchford of several loyal Subjects of that and the Adjacent Counties, as would come in to his Majesties aid here appeared Francis Lord Talbot (now Earl of Shrewsbury) with several other Knights and Gen- tlemen ; notwithstanding such accesse, the nu nber of his Majesties Army not exceeded 1 1000. Scots, and 2000. English and not very well Armed, nor had plenty of Ammunition. August the 30 It was resolved by his Majes :y at a Council of War to beat up the Enemies Quarters that night, with a select party of Horse and Foot, commanded by Maj-Gen. Midileton^ and Sir William Keyth which was attempted, but the Design fail'd being discovered to the Retells by one Guyes a Tailor, who was Hanged for his Treachery. The Fatal Third of September being cone his Majesty held a Council of War upon the Topp of the Colledge ('hurch Steeple, here his 73 The Royal Miracle Majesty observed some Firings at Powick, and the Rebells making a bridge over the Severn, his Majesty presently goes down, commands all to their Arms, and marches in person to Powick bridge, to give orders for the maintaining of the bridge and for opposing the making of boats, and hasted back to his Army in the City. Soon after his Majesty was gone from Powick bridge, the Enemy furiously assaulted it which was well defended by Montgomery till he was dangerously wounded, and his Ammunition spent, so that he was made to make a disorderly retreat. At the same time the Rebells had finished their bridge of boates over the river without any considerable opposition, and Cromwell was the first man that led the rest over, then went back and raised a battery of great Guns against the Fort Royal. By this time Cromwell was got to an advantagious post at Perry- wood, but Duke Hamilton with his own Troop and some High-landers, Sir Alexander Forbus with his Regiment of Foot, and divers English Volunteers, by his Majesties command engaged him and did great Execution upon his men. Forced the Iraytors with his Rebels to re- treat, & were once master of his Guns ; here his Majesty gave an incomparable example of his Valour charging in his own person, which the High-landers imitated in great measure. Fighting with the but-ends of their Musquets when their Ammunition was spent, but numerous supplies of Rebels being continually powred upon them, his Majesty with his Army was forced to retreat in at Sudbury Gate in much dis- order ; As soon as his Majesty was entered into Friars-street^ he perceived many of his Foot soldiers to throw down their Armes, he rod up and down among them entreating them to stand to their Armes, but seeing himself not able to prevail, said, / would rather you would shoot me, then keep me alive to see the sad consequences of this Fatall day. During the Engagement at Perrywood, the Rebels on the other side of the Water possessed themselves of St. Johns and those of his Majesties Army that were there ; about that time Col. Drummond with a party 74 His Majesties Wonderful Preservation of Scots maintained the Castle Hill with much resolution, till such time as conditions were agreed on for Quarter ; so now the Rebels had subdued, all their opponents, fell Plundering the City Unmerci- fully ; His Majesty seeing no hopes, marched oat o{ Worcester at St. Martins Gate about six in the Evening with his main body of Horse, but were in some confusion ; before his Majesty was come to Barhons bridge, about half a mile out of Worcester he made several stands, and faced about, and desired the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Wilmot and other of his Commanders that they might Rally and try once more the Fortune of War, but at the Bridge consultation being held, it was concluded that the day was irrecoverably lost, and all that was now to do, was to save his Majesty from the Rebels ; whereupon by the advice of his Council his Majesty resolves for Scotland; immediately after the result, one Walker of Lord Talbots Troc p was called for (who was formerly scout master to Col. Sands) to be tlieir Guide, but being come to Kinver Heath, and day light being gene. Walker was at a puzzle in the way ; here his Majesty made a stand and consulted with the Duke of Buckingham, Earle of Derby, Lord Wilmot and others, where he might march and take some rest; the Karl of Derby told his Majesty that there was a great convenience of concealment at Boscobell house and a right honest man that kept it, his Majesty therefore resolved to go thither. The Lord Talbot beir g acquainted with his resolution, and finding Walker dubious of the way, called for Mr. Charles Giffard to conduct his Majesty towards Boscobell, which he willingly undertakes, and being come near Stur bridge, it was a debate whether his Majesty should march through the Town or no, and resolved that all about his person should speak French. Mean time Lesly with his Scottish Horse, } ad in the close of the Evening taken the more direct road Northw;ird by Newport; his Majesty being onely attended by the Duke oi Buckingham, Earl of Derby, Earl of Lauder daile. Lord Talbot, Lord Wilmot, with other Knights and Gentlemen ; in all about sixty horse;. 75 i The Royal Miracle At a House a mile beyond Sturbridgei he drank and eat a crust of bread, and as he rode on he discoursed with Col. Roscarrock touching Boscobell house, and the security which he had found there. Upon further consideration by his Majesty and Council, and to the end that the company might not know whether his Majesty directly intended ; Mr. Giffard was desired to conduct his Majesty to some house near Boscobell^ the better to blind the design of going thither, Mr. Giffard proposed White-ladies lying about half a mile beyond Boscobell^ and 26 miles from Worcester. His Majesty and his Retinue being safely conducted to White- ladies by Mr. Giffard, Alighted, now as they hoped out of danger of any present surprize by pursuit, George Pendrill opened the Dores, and after his Majesty and his Lords were entred the House, his Majesties Horse was brought into the Hall, and by this time it was about break of day ; here was every one in a sad consult how to escape the Fury of the Rebels, but the greatest care was to save the King. Col. Roscarrock immediately caused one Bartholomew Martin to be sent to Boscobell for William Pendrill, and Mr. Giffard sent also for Richard Pendrill, they both forthwith came to White-ladies and were brought to the Earle of Derby, who took them into the Parlour where the King was, and told William Pendrill, This is the King, thou must have a care to preserve Him as thou didst me, and Mr. Giffard did also conjure Richard to an especial care of his charge, to which they yielded ready Obedience. Whilst Rich, and Will, was thus sent for, his Majesty had been advised to rub his hands on the back of the chimney, and with them his Face for a Disguise, and some person had disorderly cut of his Locks ; his Majesty (having put off his Princely Ornaments, distri- buted his Gold among his Servants) put on a coarse Shirt borrowed of Edzv. Martin, who lived in the House, and Rich. Pendrills Green Suit and leather Doublet, but both Rich, and Will, adviseth the company to 7^ His Majesties Wonderful Preservation haste away, in regard there was a Troop of Rebels quartered but Three miles distant. R. Pendrell conducted his Majesty out at a back dore, (unknown to most of the company) and carried him into an Adjacent Wood called Spring Coppice belonging to Boscobell about half a mile from White-ladies, Will, Hump, and George scouring abroad and bringing what news they could learn to his Majesty in th ; Wood. His Majesty being thus as they hoped in a way of security, the Duke, Earl of Derby, Earl of Lauderdaile, Lord Talbot and the rest being about Fourty in Number march't Northward, but were over- taken and over-powred by the Rebels, and Routed and several of them taken and Executed, grounded on a bloody Rtmp Act of the 12th of August* the last past to prohibite correspondan :e with Charles Steuart under penalty of High Treason, losse of life and Estate Monstrous Rebels. By that time that R. Pendrell had conveyed his Majesty into the obscurest part of the Coppice it was about St n Rising on Thursday morningt and it rained very fast, in so much ttat the thickest Tree in the Wood was not able to keep his Majesty dry, nor was there any thing for him to sit on, therefore Richard went and borrowed a Blanket of Francis Tates, which he folded and laid on the ground under a Tree for his Majesty to sit on. At the same time that Richard borrowed that Blanket, he spake to Goodwife Tates to bring some Vituals into :he Wood at a place he appointed her, she presently made ready a mi;sse of milk, and some Butter and Eggs and brought them to his M ijesty, who being some what surprized to see a Woman, said cheerfull^r to her. Good Woman can you be faithful to a distressed Cavalier ? jhe answered yes, Sir I will Dye rather than discover you. In the Interim the L. Wilmot taking J. Pendrill for his guide, * A copy of this broadside is in A. M. Broailey's collecdon. t September 4. 77 .4i\ ! » Nil The Royal Miracle t" % 1 ■; X m purposed first to have gone Northward^ but passing Brerewood Forge was pursued by the Forge-men till one Rich, Dutton perswading them that it was Col. Crompton they pursued, they desisted ; Notwithstand- ing there was such danger on every side, that they knew not which way to take, but at length Councellirig with Will. Walker an honest Neighbor of his, they hid him first in a Marie pit, & after conveyed him to Mr. Huntbatches house at Brinsford putting his Horse into J. Evans his Barn, yet this place not being Judged suflRciently secure J, Penderill endeavours to seek out one more safe ; and whilst he was at Northcot an adjacent Village, happens on a place which not only afterwards secured the L. Wilmot but likewise his Majesty. It happened thus as John was at Northcot talking with Goodwife Underhilly Mr. Huddleston an acquaintance of his, and a Sojourner at Mr. Whitegraves at Mosely an honest Cavalier, him he acquaints with the businesse, who immediately rides back and tells Mr. Whitegrave, who willingly condescends to use his endeavours for the security of any person belonging to the King (for they knew not yet who my Lord Wilmot was) and accordingly had him conveyed to his House, where there was a place of such secret contrivement that he heartily wished his Majesty there, his Horse being sent that night to be secured by Col. Lane at Bentley. But his Majesty had taken a resolution to get into Wales if possible, and taking R. Penderill for his guide, armed with a Wood-bill, and his name resolved to be Will. JoneSy about Nine a clock at night began his Journey, resolving that night to go to Madeley in Shropshire Five miles from Whiteladies, and within a mile of Severne^ here they Arrived about midnight ; Richard going to Mr. Wolfs house an honest acquaintance of his, where all being a bed, he knocks them up, acquaint- ing his Daughter who came to the Dore, that the King was there, so the dore was opened and his Majesty entring refreshed himself, but by reason of the many Guards upon the Severn^ it was thought too Dangerous to Venture over, so having secured himself the next day in 78 His Majesties JVonderful Preservation a Barn, the night after he returned to Bosconell, where he found Col. Carelosy who having seen the last man kil'd at Worcester was miraculously escaped, and come thither for sheltcT. Richard who was gone out to see what Souldiers, or other danger might be nigh, found the Colonel and conducted him into the wood to the King, who came with him to the house, Eat some bread and cheese heartily, had his ^^tt washed, and then returned into the wood where they got up into an thick leaved Oake and havirg a Cushion provided by Richard Penderill eased himself on that, and laying his head on Col. Carelos lap slept away most part of the day, when at night return- ing, to the secret place where the Earl of Der ^y was secured being shewed to him, he considering the incommodity of residing in the Wood, resolved to take that for his shelter whilst he should stay in those parts, and then he permitted Will. Penderill to shave him and cut his Hair after the Country Fashion. The same day Humphrey Penderill going to Shefnall to pay some taxes to one Capt. Broadway a Parliament Col. then there he under- standing him to be a neer Neighbour to White Ladies, where they had information the King had been, endeavoured bj Threats and the pro- mise of the 1000/. reward to bring him to a di jcovery but could not prevail. That night the Good Wife whom his Majesty called my dame Joan, provided him some chicken, and his Majesty expressing his desire of some Muttony Col. Carelos went into the Sheepcoate of Mr. Staunton and kills a Mutton with his Dagjjer, and causes Will, Penderill to bring it away, and the next morning his Majesty slicing some of it, fryed it himself, Col. Carelos turning it in the pan, which after his Majestees Arrival in France was occasion of a dispute which was Cook and which Scullion, which being re erred to the King of France to decide, he replyed that his Majesty was hie i^ nunc both of them. The King receiving Advertisement that the L. Wilmot was at Moseley, sent John Penderill to acquaint him that he resolved to come 79 \( The Royal Miracle !l f I thither that Night, but he being removed to Bentley Mr. White grave and Mr. Huddleston accompanied John thither, where they spoke with the Lord Wilmot, who expressed his resolution to meet the King at Moseleyy with which message John returned, and the King that night on Humphrey Penderill the Millers Horse was brought to Moseley, the Five Brothers and Francis Yates guarding him, resolved to have shewed their Vallour in defending his Majesty had they met with a small party of Troopers. The King being received into the House to the L. Wilmot, acquainted Mr. Whitegrave and Mr. Huddleston who he was, who expressed their duty by kissing his hand, and having shewed him the secret place took great care to shift his stockings his Feet being extreamly galled, and likewise to put him on a Finer shirt, the extraordinary coursnesse of that he had on being somewhat troublesome. But the main businesse was to take care of his Escape from thence, which the L. Wilmot had ordered to be by means of Mrs. Lane who having procured a passe from the Rebells to go with one servant to visit her Sister at Bristoll then neer the time of her lying in, The L. Wilmot had resolved to make use of the opportunity himself, but since hearing of his Majesties return to Boscobell, had suspended her Journey that she might serve him, which she was infinitely willing to do. And accordingly on Thursday night the ii. of September^ Col. Lane with his Sister, (all things fit for his Majesties Journy being provided) came to a field adjoyning where the King was mounted before her, John Penderill having the honour to hold his Majesties stirrop, and thus they two presently set forward having taken direc- tions to know the Countrey, and Mrs. Lane having several accom- modations to the Allyes Friends and acquaintance of her Family that lay in her intended Road, if any untoward action should put them to Tryall. So His Majesties Wonderful Preservation Several accidents there were which happened in this Journey, as particularly the drawing up of a Troop of Horse at the entrance of a Town through which they were to passe, which caused some fear at first but it was soon over, the Capt. very civilly cpening to the right and left, and permitting them to pass through. The first place where it was attempted to prov ide a passage, for the King, was at a place called Crods and Peet"^ hare by Bristoll^ whither Mrs. \^ane had conducted his Majesty, and secu-ed him at Leigh^ at the house of one Mr. Norton (since Knighted by his Majesty) an Alliance of hers, but here was no passage to be fo and In this house it was that his Majesty fearing least by the great resort to it he should be discovered, did all day retire himself to his bed, and one evening comeing down pretending himself cold, and aguish desired of the Butler a Glasse of Wine which he willingly gave him, withall beginning to him his Majesties health, and then the Queens, but looking earnestly upon him, guessed him to be the King, as he afterwards knew, and yet the honest Butler, was so far from discovering his Majesty, that he was afterwards wiry serviceable in his Concealment.t But his Majesty finding no pissage in the West, accompanyed with the Lord Wilmot^ returned to Salisbury, where meeting with that Loyal Subject Col. George Gunter, he was by him conveyed through many difficulties and dangers to Brighthemsted in Sussex, where by the Faithful care and industry of one Mr. Manfell, (who has been since outlaw'd by that Rebell Cronwell) a Barque was hired of one Tettersfieldl^ for sixty pound, to transport the King and L. Wilmot, Mr. Manfell pretending to the mastei- that they were two Gentlemen, who having fought a Duell were fiin to fly for their * For identification of " Croeis and Peet." See antey Introduction, p. 37. t All mention of the King's prolonged stay at Trent and hi i adventures in West Dorset is omitted. This points to the Turk's Head broadside being one of the very earliest publica- tions on the subject of Charles IFs flight from Worcester. X The mistake in the name of the ship-captain is obvioui. It should of course be Tattersall. F 81 np'''' w I T^e Royal Miracle Lives ; but they were scarce three hours at Sea, and Col. Gunter scarce got home to his house, but there came a party of Rebells to search for a black man six Foot high, but they failed by good providence of their mark, his Majesty with a fair Gale of Wind soon after Arriving in Normandy to the unspeakable joy of all Loyall Subjects. Te Deum Laudamus. London printed and are to be sold by Joseph B'acklock at the Turks-head in Ivy-lane, and Mr. MichaeU'wi Westminster-hall. 1660. f'l II III The Royal Oake 82 THE ROYAL OAKE OR, AN Hiftoricall Defcripcion ■•■■OF.' Iflfc Royal Progrefs, wonderful travc'st THE ROTALL PKOGKESSS, wondzM Travets^ MiiaoUous, Bcapcs, and Strange Accidents of his Sacred Majc&v C B AK LBS file i I. Third Monardi of GrtM hrittMtff. Wt)ercinisobfervable,tnd ft&Ttb pul>lick viewi f. Mm A4mjej}Us firmpt and w ti M rf id *[c^ f^fWdrcc^zefi^htyth *i> J Vi(4»n^ •fhimfHfofhk Prlncttf Ornaments-, the cttfUng away hu (Jh^in trf G0itiy tvtd thi cmUHt #f hit frmom kmr ard cnrhd Locks y i) the Lni WikDOt frr M i^if^mjt. H. T%9fir[mr7g tf%m RiiM Ftrfm ky Oliver Cromwell 4 W A« B/Stoi- knmds ; msi ikt mimmr mm bit Mtt'fefly efttifed, nmkj^g « hihm Qake Hii R»jA fiiUmtt whhtmfrkr mitt, of Wodvci ha iipion. in. The tmemnU^ Trsvets of Mrs, Jane Lane, Mnd hit M^ijffiyy his rldtpj^ MkmAmi^mo^f M$tfcaftfMd hit £tmg in M Livery Cmk^lfythe nMmt ^mmWiVCxxxiyftrvrnM to Mr, Uftdl htr Fmherin Ltt». Tra. Tht Difcomrft hewlxt hit C^MJtJh m4 fbt C^ArMtud At tht three Crowns <«BriOoi ; Htr feverM Qmtjtlons, mhtrt ht wm born, 4psdwhat Tfidc ht WM. With the Kings Mtfwtr, Mid tht RtmM^ah/e ^*gts^ that Im tht Kifthith «^ '*' Mmdtlm^jing the King to mndt Till My ]d» Dmrtsi < l*^ Swh/tBtmigmmmto Uk M^t0f. L OJ^P O Nf Priced f*r &, Jhrt^ih Vcm^wtst chc three CtO|i»?fi The Title-page of Danverd's "Royal Oak" (1660) {from the coi>y in possession of the -writer) THE ROYALL OAKE yAFTER the great and fatall fight at ^ortr^j/^fr, between His Majesties / % forces & the Cromwellion Rebels, the fie d being lost, not for J^ ^^ want of courage, by the King's party, bv t by those numerous supplyes, who served only like the Turk'sh Jsapi,to blunt the Royal swords, so that their wearied arms no longer jible to hold out, were forced to retreat, and at length (notwithstanding the generous example of his Majesty, who performed things worth wonder) :o a disorderly fight ; yet 'tis worthy of observation, that upon Cromzve"s advance near the City, his Majesty in person, and in the head of the Horse, drew out against him, and that with so much valour & courage, that CromweVs own life-guard, and the best of his old Souldiers (who were thought almost invincible) were forced to retire till seconded by Fleetwood, Disbrow, Lambert & others, who overpowered the Kings forces, being above 5 to i, and so loath was his Majesty to decline the field, that upon his earnest endeavours to have his horse and foot rally, twice had he his Horse shot under him, and at length was forced to shift for himself, and to provide for his own safetj-; and so with some Nobles & Servants, not without a great deal of difficulty, forced to quit the field, and by the most sequestered roads they could possibly find out, rid to the Farmhouse of a Noble Gentleman on the Borders of Staff ordshirey where they no sooner arrived, but his Majesty dis- robing himself of his Princely ornaments & accouterments, and Particularly of a Chain of Gold, or Spannat-string, worth 300;^ sterling, the present of a Scottish lad, which he bestowed upon a servant of his there present, which done, for his further disguise, to proceeded to the cutting oflf of his hair, and the Cot affording neither Shears nor 85 The Royal Miracle Scissars to perform it, it was by the Lord Wilmot cut off with a knife. And now everyone is commanded to shift for himself, and this poor Prince left alone to the protection of the Almighty, he choosing none but one friend to accompany him, within four miles of (say some) Wooherhampton, where finding a hollow Oke, he was now content to make it his Pallace, for here he for some days concealed himself, his Friend still towards night going out to provide him some refreshment in his solitary confinement. In the mean time the Lord Wilmot who was commanded with the rest to seek his fortune, was by chance pur- sued by some Souldiers, but meeting with a Countrey fellow formerly a Souldier in the Old Kings Army, he was by him secured, though some- what strangely, for he carries him into a Malt-house belonging to Mrss Jane Lane, and having no other convenient place to hide him in, clapt him under the Kilne, though there were there some fire in it, the Malt smoaking on the top. In the mean time, the Souldiers then in pursuit of him, entered the house, and having made about three quarters of an hours search every where else, but not at all suspecting the Kilne, where they saw the fire burning, they departed, and the Lord Wilmot was taken out of the Kilne almost ready to faint with the extremity of the heat. The Countrey fellow having thus secured this Lord, acquaints Mris Lane with what he had done, and she extremely glad of it, gets him to her house, where in Conference she enquires of the Kings safety. The Lord Wilmot gives her the former relation of his great miseries and Distresse, which forces Tears from the tender-hearted Gentle woman, she earnestly intreats him to take some course for the finding out of his Majesty, and con- ducting him to her house, she being resolved to venture her life, had she ten thousand, for the saving of his Royal Majesty. The Lord Wilmot glad of so happy an opportunity to serve his Majesty, and so great a probability of securing him, the next night finds him out, and conducts him from the Royal Oak to the house of Mrs Jane Lane, where a large condoling of his hard fortune, consultation was had for »6 u c -;: =5 O ^ u :? u: 0. The Royal Oake a conveniency of his escape beyond sea, and it le igth it was concluded that Bristol would be the most convenient place tD take shipping, That his Majesty should ride before Mrs Lane by ihe name of William servant to Mr Lastel her father-in-law, who waj likewise to go with them ; and thus it was immediately given out, that Mr Lastel & Mrs Lane were to take a journey in the Weit and to visit some friends, and shortly after they set forward, li this Journey there hapned many Accidents worthy commemoration ; and first the King's Majesty riding now as a servant to one of the faithfullest of his Subjects, in a Livery Cloak, though not without that respect that durst be given to him ; complains to Mrs Lane that the cloak wearied him, whereupon she desires Mr. Lastels to carry it. The next & most important Accident of all was, that coming into a town which they were to pass through, there was a Troop of horse there to be quartered drawn up, which caused some fear, but a length with a resolution they passed on, and the Capt. taking them for hones : travellers, made his Troop open to the right & left, and so permitted them to passe. Another accident there happened, which one nay say was almost comical in this Tragedy, Mrs Lane coming into the Inne, leaves his Majesty under the name of William* her servant in the Kitchin, with whom the maid enters into discourse, she asks hi n where he was born, and what trade he was, he answers at Bruminghai% and a Naylor's son, and after a great deal of other discourse, the Jack being down, the maid desires him to wind it up, which he willingly undertakes, but goes the wrong way about it, and somewhat prejudices it ; at which the maid grew angry, asking him where he was 5red, and telling him he was the veryest clownish booby that she ever saw in all her life ; * The name of William Jackson stuck to the King througiout the whole period of his exile. He was often referred to as "Mr. Jackson" in the correspondence of the exiled Cavaliers. See Sir Harry de Vic to Nicholas, December i6ti, 1655. Nicholas papers, Vol III, p. 209. To create confusion should these letters be scanned by unfriendly eyes, Oliver Cromwell vias also called "Jackson." Nicholas to Riss, Cologne, February ist, 1656. Ibid.^ p. 264. 87 '} I I TAe Royal Miracle The Royal Oake which railing of hers made his Majesty, notwithstanding his present misery go out of the room smiling. Mrs Lane notwithstanding his Majesty went as a servant, yet had a greater respect for him before others, pretending him her Tenant's son ; but on the Road she would alwaies ask what he would have to dinner or supper, and what piece of that he liked, which she would alwaies be sure to get made ready, and give him, he still sitting at the lower end of the table. But to come to the end of their journey, being arrived at Bristol, they lodged at the house of a Noble gentleman there, and kinsman to Mr. Lastles ; the King finding it to be a house of great resort, feigns himself sick of an Ague, and so keeps his Chamber all the day, coming down only at night ; but ones night coming down & being somewhat cold craves a glasse of Wine of the Butler, who carries him into the Butlery ; this Butler having before served His Majesties Father in the Wars, looking earnestly upon him, suspected him to be the King, so easily will his Majesty appear though veil'd in the utmost disguises, and thereupon pulling off his hat, told him very ceremoni- ously. That he might command what Wine he pleased ; of which the King took no notice, but drinking off his Wine went out ; yet the Butler could not satisfie his suspicion, but went up to Mr. Lastels, and demanded of him how long he had had that servant, whereupon Mr Lastels was very angry at his boldness, in daring to ask him such a question ; but the Butler still persisted, and whispering told him he believed it was the King, whereupon Mr Lastels seeing he was discovered, sends immediately for his Majesty, whom he acquaints with the Butler's discovery of him, with whom the King was some- what angry, in regard he did not first acquaint himself with his sus- picion, it not being impossible, but that Mr Lastles might not have known him to be the King ; but upon pardon by the Butler, it was granted by the King, and he afterwards proved very instrumental in his Majesties conveyance through the Countrey. 88 But here at Bristol the chief design they hai in hand failed them ; for though there were a little Barque lay there, judged most con- venient for the business, yet the (M)aster woul 1 for no reward trans- port a single person, though he was so honest as only to deny it, and made no further search or inquiry concerning tl- e person, which might perhaps have tended to a discovery. The design here failing, his Majesty desired to be brought some miles Westward to the house of a worthy gentleman whom he knew to be a trusty friend, where coming he finds the gentleman in the field with his servants, having discovered himself to him, he was by him conveyed to a convenient stand till night, (having first taken leave of his true friends, who had thus far conducted h m with the danger of their Livess & Etates) from whence he was in t;ie dusk conveyed into the house, and there carefully concealed for a \7eek, till such time as preparation could be made for some Western Port of a passage for him ; but coming afterwards there where it was provided, chancing to dine with a Parliament— Collonel then there, he thou^jht it the safer to loose the benefit of that passage, than adventure to im barque himself singly, which might breed suspicion, and perhaps might have been the means after so many deliverances to have betrayed him into the hands of his enemies. This passage then likewise failing him, he returned back to the place whence he came, and concealed himself thnie weeks longer, till in the end it being resolved on, he by the assistance of il/r Ph* was con- veyed through the most by-ways they could imagineto agentlewomans house in Sussex, where he lay some few dayes, till a person of true worth & honour made provision of a faithful Mj ster, who with a small vessel wafted him to a small Creek in Normandy, to the great content of the King's Sacred Majesty, and all his loyal Subjects, and to the honour of the Master with due reward, as in time may appear. Perhaps the reader may think it tedious tha : I have given so large * Mr Robert Phelipps. Set post, pp. 19 '-203. 89 i': The Royal Miracle a narration of his Majesties escape from that fight at Worcester^ but it was a work so full of wonder & providence, and so many false relations there are abroad, that I could do no lesse than recount all those miseries & hardships which this poor Prince endured for the sakes of us his subjects, and more would he willingly have endured even death itself, to the redeeming of us from the tyranny & oppression which we then groaned under. But let him that shall look upon the several passages of his life, read them over & over, consider the several difficulties he passed, the many dangers that he was in to be betrayed, the Country being up round about, the summe of money set upon his head, for which many hundreds out of their covetousness made it their business to search for him, and they will confesse ingeniously that God was never so merciful! to any people as to us, in delivering his sacred Majesty so wonderfully out of the hands of his enemies, who breathed out nothing but his dea(t)h & destruction on, that we may yet have hope to be a happy Nati(o)n. ^he News oj his Majesties escape being brought to Oliver, by the privacy of Mrs Jane Lane : He ordered a Troop of horses to plunder her house i^ seize her Person. But notice being given her by a friend at White-Hall, she went disguised for Bristol, and so escaped to France. The account given in this tract is that contained in " The History of his SaCRed Majesty Charles the II etc. By a Person of Quality." 90 IV The Royal Patienct Traveller A Rhyming Account of the Escape of King Charles II 1660 (Reprinted from the Unique Copy in the Bo ileian Library) THE ROYAL PATIENT TRi^.VELLER,* or. The wonderful Escapes of His Sacred Majesty ' King CHARLES the Second from Worcester-Fight ; And his making a Hollow Oke his Royall Pallace. The going in a Livery Cloa c with Mrs. Lane. And the Discourse between the Kings Majesty, and the Cook-maid im- ploying the King to wind up the Jack ; but being not used to do it, did wind it up the wrong way. To the tune of, CAivy CAase, Or, God prosper lon^, our Hobk King, \wsodcut here of a man, presumably the Kingj on horseback] QOD hath preserved our Royal Hing the second of that name, And those that will not pray for hiio, indeed they are too blame : For thousands have against him spoke, but I shall it disclaim, And with all others have a care how they should do the same, David we read had enemies that did him sore annoy, So CHARLES the Second had the same, who is fair Englands joy. In May it was the twenty nine, King Charles of high Renown. Being his birth-day (as 'tis known) to London came to town. But had you seen the tryumph mad ; ♦ [Wood 401. fol. 171b] 93 [woodcut here of a lady, half length] mm^ [Wood 401. 171] (2nd colunm) [Wood 401. 1 71**] The Royal Miracle And Bonfires flaming high. And all the people for to cry God save his Majesty. I will rejoyce at his happiness, and pray he long may reign, And of some passages he had with honest Mistris Lane, From Scotland he to Worcester came though friends did look about, Yet Cromwel came with a mighty Force and did give him the Rout, A journey long I am sure he had with frinds the loving Scot, Eling Charles mounting himself so brave, three times his Horse was shot. The King did therefore for his safety, make friends to have some pitty, For so our Saviour he doth say as I write in this Ditty : If persecution being great, of such then have a care, So at that time 'tis very true One did cut off his Hair. His Princely cloaths he off did strip, and did himself disguise, So of King Alfred I have read, that was a Prince most wise. A Chain of gold that he had then, worth hundreds without doubt He gave away unto a friend, who lead him there about. Into a wood where Inns was none nor Lodgings there bespoke. The best of Lodgings he could get, was in a hollow Oke O happy Oke (saith Mistris Lane, that ever I did see, 94 [Wood 401. i7i»>] The Royal Patienct Traveller A Pallace for a Prince thou wast but he will go with me. [^ woodcut here of six soldiers, toith an officer in front of them\ JJER Serving-man King Charles became For so he thought it best. And she to free him from his foes Did travel towards the West. For all the Land was up in Arms in City and in Town. And for Bang Charles to find him out, it was a thousand pound. But Mistris Lane vertuous and wise, so much did understand. What woful hunting they did make, for Charles of fair England. For through a town they then must pass, for there was no back Lane The Horses heels then up did trip, and down fell man and Dame. The Souldiers seeing of the same, at them did laugh and jeer, And she suspition for to shun, struck him a Box on the Ear. With angry words she seemed to sp;ak, I think I am well mann'd. For such another I am sure is not within the Land, To second it her brother in Law so much in anger spoke, Well, must my Father then said he carry your mans Cloak, It was too heavy then (said she) what need you be so cross The burthen off it was so great it threw us off the horse. 95 (f. 172) IMKvaM (2nd column) [Wood 401. f. 172] The Royal Miracle Her nimble tongue and wit in prime, and being a Lady gay, The Souldiers laughing at them then did let them pass their way, God freed them from their Enemies For with him there is pitty. At the three Crowns King Charles then lay which is in Bristow City, For in the Kitchin he was plac'd by his most loving friend. And modestly he there did stand, Fearing he should offend, It made the Kitchin-maid much muse, she could not understand, That in the Kitchin by her stood King Charles of fair England. For being by the fire-side, She asked what Country man. At Brumingham the King replyed and a Naylors son. With bobs and speeches for some Sluts, In words they are not slack. At her command King Charles must be for to wind up the Jack. Though mildly he did take this task, it seems he did want skill, The wrong way he did go about and did do it some ill : Great Clownish booby she him calls yet he was meek and mild. And though she us'd such taunting words He at her did but smile, He venters to another house, Where people came so thick. That all the day his Chamber kept, as if he had been sick. But comming down one night indeed, he spyed a servant old, 96 [Wood 401. f. 172] The Royal Patienct Traveller And for a glass of Wine he craves, because he was a cold. The Butler quickly him describd and knew he was the King, With hat in hand thus did he say, you may have any thing. So easily his Majesty, although in cloth so plain. No notice of his words he takes, to his Chamber goes again. The Butler being not satisfi'd, with courage spake he can, \sic\ Of master Lastel he must know how long he had that man. And whispering he told him then, I know it is my Liege, And do not do him any wrong, I do you now beseech, Designs still failing, yet no dobut \jic\ to God he still doth yeeld. And to a trusty friend he went, that then was in the field. And for three weeks the King conceals and then did back return. And for a time he made a stay, it seems in fair London : Where he beheld such things as wa? sad to his tender heart. Some grief at that time did he feel, from London did he part. A Master of a Ship at last it seems was a good man. Did Hoise up sail, and so to France, as I do understand. By Henry Jones of Oxford. \^ added in Antony floods' band] Printed for the Authour, [i66o.»] 97 The Wonderfull & Miraculous Escape of Our Gracious King A Ballad of 1660 (From the Unique Original in the Bodleian Library) I The Wonderfull and Miraculous escape of our Gracious King, from that dismal, black and gloomie defeat at Worester : together with a pattern to all true and faithfull Subjects, by the five Loyall and faithfuU Brothers, with their care and diligence, observance and obedience 8 dayes in the time of his Majesties obscurity.* The tune is, Come lets drink the time inyites. [Woodcut here of tvoo men^ and a boj and a girl standing behind them] r^Ome you learned Poets let's :al our Fathers and our Mothers, For wee'l write Historicall, of five Loyall faithfull Brothers. Richard Humphry, John and Gi'orge "William once who had the char|;e of brave King Charles and others. After Worsters dismall day, here's a true Relation, How our King escapt away, and who was the preservation , Of his Sacred Majesty, In his great necessity, beyond all admiration. He great Kingly acts did doe, with a brave intention. Uentred Crown and Kingdoms too. [Wood 401. f. 173b] * [Wood 401. f. 173b] in one day for our Redemptio;i, lOl (md column) II [Wood 401 ] The Royal Miracle But in this He not insist. The books doth make it manifest, beyond my wits invention. For when he perceiv'd in fight, the un-even ground did rout him, Five and twenty miles that night he rid with all his Lords about him, But it would have griev'd your heart For to have seen them all depart, what sorrow was throughout them. Though with grief and double feare, they yet did hold together. On the confines of Staffordshire, but to goe they knew not whether. The conclusion in the end, Earle Derby said he had a friend, hard by and they'd goe thither. Then to the place they all did goe, where the Earle intended. But the people did not know from what blood they wtire descended But they set them Bread and Cheese, And the Bang did highly please, his sorrow much amended. The Earle of Derby in the end, all his mind disbursed, Askt if there was any friend that wherein he might be trusted } William Pendrall then came in, "Who said he would be true to him, else let him be accursed. Ane further said if 't 'twas the King, nothing should be lacking. In any part that lay in him, for the escape which he was making. 102 The IVonderfull and Miraculous Escape And like unto the Turtle-Dove, This honest William still did prove, in all his undertakings. \Woodcut of three men^ ttco sitting at a tabkf the third standing up smoking a pifej\ ANd George the yongest brother he made hast and set his clothing, For his Sacred Majesty. cause the country should not icnow him Richard he did round his haire, For true Loyallists they were. all five were faithfull to him. Humphty \sic] fetcht him Hat and Band. of the Country Fashion. Shipakin* gloves for his white hand, likewise John had great compission Fetcht him shirt and shooes the while. Then the King began to smile, at his accommodation. Richard fetcht his coat by steal tJi, and his best arrayment. Then the King discrib'd himself;, of his rich and Princely Garm mt. Nimbly he did put them on. And a Wood Bill in his hand, this was our Kings prefermenu William then went with the Kin:}, Richard he did leave them. Cause Intelligence hee'd bring, least the Wood it should deceive them, George and Humphry scouting were. Seeing if the coasts were cleare none might come aneere them, * Gloves made of sheep's skin. 103 [Wood 401 ] (fol. 174) (2nd column) The Wonderfull and Miraculous Escape Then Humphry, Richard, John & George safely did surrender. The King which they had in the ir charg on the eighth day of Septembir, The King he leave then took of them, And said if e'r he came agen, their loves he would remember. Printed for F. Coles. T. Vere, and W. Gilbrtson. [1660*] [Wood 401. f. 174] The Royal Miracle The tydings Humphry had in Town, put his vaines a quaking. Hearing twas a thousand pound bid for any one to take him, The King was somthing then dismaid, To think what baits the Jews had laid, and horrid Plots were making. All the day they wandred then, in great consultation, Like forlorne distrissed men, that ne*r were in such condition. William to the king bespoke. And said he knew a hollow Oake, might be his preservation. Then through bushes they did rouze, the trees were so berounded, "With brakes and bryers leavs & bows, that in number they abounded. It was the Castle of our King, And his Royall Court within, for ever is renowned. William he did bring him food, like he were a ranger, "While he staid within the Wood, though good King he was a stranger : Hollow Oaks his dwelling place. Where he staid for five days space, in sorrow and in danger. [* Added in Antony Wood's hand] il" VI Miraculum-Basili con or The Royal Miracle I OR THE/ ROYAL MIRACLE, Truly Exhibiting The wonderful Prefcrvation of His Sacred Majefiy In. , vviili his miraculous Efcape after , the Battel of worcr/Jfr: with his Deliverances 4t Edff hill, and In the Downs ; taichmlly colledcd and compofed from the bcft and trucft Relations : But as to that o^Worct^eVy princi- pally from the incomparable Elenchus motuum, &{» as it was immediately delivei'd from the l^ln^'s own mouth, to that learned Author, yyhereunto is added Some Eflayes, by way of In:rodufton j i . Proving, That the frequent Vidorics of the CromwtUituii , were no fignal netcsot God's Providence, for owning that Party, as w»$ the common canting of the lare Times. %, For the Sufferings they havC) and fome ftill undergoc, (ince i ^^o. in thefe, they are not ( as they fay ) perfecutcd, but juftly puniihed. 3, Some Perlwafions to Peace and Unity. 4. Sandity and Schifm, or Religion and Rebellion, cannot p«flibly Cohabit in the fame Pcrfon or Party. Laftly , A Poftfcript, by way of Advice, t« fome ol the f^ng*s Party , that they endcarour to anfwer this tranfcendcnt Mercy of Qod, in the Deliverance, and Reftau ration , both of the King, and Church, by a fobcr and religious Coaverfation, By A. J. EirenofhlUUthes, — — Deus nobis haec oiia fecit Namq; exit ille mihi Temper Deus. Eil I. U is ht that livetb fatvAticn unto Kings % who deftvtred Divid his Servant from the bmtjulfvpord, Pi'al. 144. Ver. 10. LONDON^ Pi/nted in the Year i 6 5.4. Title-page of one of the two copies of the Miraculum-Basilicon, or Royal Miracle (1664) [Now in the British Museum) Miraculum basilicon OR THE ROYAL MIRACLE : * Exhibiting His Sacred Majesties most Miraculouj Preservation in and after the Battel of Worcester, &c. THE Affairs of Scotland, in relation to the Kings Interest there, growing now so desperate ; (there being not 1 ;ft the least Gale of Anno 1651 Probability, to fill the Sayls of Hope) for Cromwell (who at his first entry) from a Despairing Enemy, is now become an Insulting Conquerour, and as if he had dipt the Wings of Victory, doth by his frequent, and no less eminent defeating the Kirk's Army, make tliat Nation now begin to feel the Vengeance of his Prevailing Sword. For having shamefully baffl'd them, by a to :al Rout at Dunbar, taken Dalkeith : And also Dundasse (being cajoUed, nay rather tempted by this Monster of Fraud and Dissimulation) treacherously concludes the Rendition of that sometime Maiden, but nov Prostitute Castle of * The only two copies of this work I have been able t5 trace are in the British Museum. No copy exists in the Bodleian Library. Of these t vo copies one is No. 3528 m the GrenvUle Library, the other is in the General Library, under the press-mark 1326 b g. The size of the leaves in both copies is nearly the same, vi::. 5I x 3^ inches, but both have the appearance of having been cut down for binding. The type is a trifle blurred, especially when italics are used. Both copies appear to have ban corrected by the author Jemngs. In the GrevUle copy is the following note :— Acqi ired by the Museum Jan. 1847 with the Grenville Library (bequeathed by the Rt. Hon. Thos. Grenville, ^ 1846) On the fly-leaf is written in a hand which is almost certainly thai of Grenville, "I have not seen another copy of this book." 1 T^^- TJ^ ^i^^' ""^ '^" """^^ *'^ '^'«^'^y ^'**^^°- Althou Th quoted as being incom- plete (Bnt. Mus. Cat., and apparently believed to be so by Mr. Allan Fea), it turns out to be entire ; but pp. 83 and 84 have been bound out of order at the ei.d of the book and so give 109 The Royal Miracle vxcepted. Avgust I. 165 1. Edinburgh^ (for whether Treachery or Cowardise challenged the greatest Tk- Highlanders share in the majority of this people, is not easie to determine) together with his Boats arriving at Leigh ; his Army being transported into Fife, where not long after Lambert defeating Sir John Brown, they become Masters of the Pass at Sterling ; Jind with Trophies of Victory proceed to the reducing of St. Johnstons. Whereupon his sacred Majesty (justly despairing of any thing honourable, from a Nation so immerst in baseness) adding Resolution to his constant Courage, and steeling his Faith with Hopes, intends for England ; to try his Fortune amongst his more Loyal Subjects there, though in a far worse capacity to serve him. And now turning his back upon Sterling, (by his most excellent Policy) get three dayes march of Cromwell, and comes into England by way of Carlisle. Where when his sacred Majesty was arriv'd, in all Cities and Towns as he marched through, was proclamed King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, &c. And like a Prince in whom Justice was temp'red, if not swallowed up in Clemency, he issueth out Overtures of Grace and Mercy to all such {Cromwell, Ireton, Bradshaw, and Cook (the more immediate Murtherers of his the appearance of wanting those following ; however, pp. 85-92 precede them. As this copy is complete, it may be useful to give here the full compass of the work. Title-page pages not j 8 pages of Dedication (pr. in italics) numbered. 1 86 „ „ Introduction ('pr. in type like small Pica) pages numberedr74 pages actual text of the Miracu/um {ty^ like Pica) 1-92. 1 18 „ of the Postscript do. This copy is bound in light brown calf with stamp and book-plate of Rt. Hon. Thos. Grenville. The second copy, acquired by purchase on 27 April, 1858, wants pages 19-22 and 27-30 of the actual text. The whole of the complete copy has been carefully transcribed, but I have only reprinted the historical portion, oraitting the prolix dedication (wholly printed in italics) to "the most Excellent Lady Florence Roll, wife to the Honourable Sir John Roll," m which that "much Honoured Madam " is assured that "Whilst we sate by the Rivers of Babylon, there was no contemplation which did more affect my hopes of the Restauration of Sion, than the signed Mercies of Go.1, in covering the Royal Head of our most Gracious Sovereign in the day of Battel." The introduction (also omitted) emulates the long-windedness displayed in his devotions by the '* puny parson of Charmouth." IIO Miraculum-Basilicon Royal Father only excepted) as would come in, and accept of his free Grace and Pardon. And now his Majesty being come into ?itchcroft-V\eiA%, nigh Worcester, he admonisheth, by his Royal Edict, ;dl his loving Subjects, which were above sixteen, and under sixty, that they presently appear to his aid and assistance, according to an old Statute of this Kingdom. To which Proclamation, that they might perforin all due Obedience, within a very short time there appear Francis, Lord Talbot, eldest Son of the Earl of "Shrewsbury, with sixty compleat Horse attending him ; Mr 7homasHornyold {of Blackmore Park) with forty Horse ; Mr. John Washburn (of Witching Ford) with forty Horse more ; Sir John Pack- ington, Sir Walter Blunt, Sir Ralph Clare, with many more both of Knights and Esquires, besides two thousand common people ready to take Arms under the King's Banner, notwithstanding the eminent Danger which attended that Enterprise. By the augmentation of which number, the King's Army consisted of fourteen thousand Horse and Foot ; but two thousand of the Scotish Souldiery lay weary behind, partly by reason of the length of the March, or else partly slid away by reason of Fear. But if it be objected, Wherefore no more did flock in Troops towards the Kings Camp? It may easily be answered, viz. The immature Meeting or Endeavours to assist the King, between the Welsh, and the Londoners, together with the Gloucestershire Men, being so lately suppress'd ; and also the Cruelty of the then Pretended- Parliament, so severely punishing the ineffectual studies of such as en- deavoured to take Armes for the King's assistance ; all which were as yet evident to the eyes, and fresh in the memo y of most men. To these things may be added, the sudden and altogether unexpected approach of his sacred Majesty, which did take :>f[ all Opportunity to the Loyal Party of confederating, and mutually exhorting each other to repair unto him. Lastly, The memory of the t'eotish^ Injuries, which Mr Rof Rlo^'; lf^\ t*' w'° '^ ^'"^y* ^'' ^^'^^ '^""^^^' ^'' Thomas Acton, Mr. Rob. Blount, Mr. Rob. W.gmore. Mr. Francis Knotsford, Mr. Peter Blunt. Ill Aug. 22. 165 1. Aug. 26. I M The Royal Miracle Aug. 25. near Wiggan that Nation not many years before had brought upon them, could not as yet possibly be obliterated : Neither indeed did the difference seem much, whether on the one side, they submitted to a cruel Servitude under the Tyranny of their own Country-men; or on the other, whether they became Obnoxious to the Pride of the insulting ^cot. To all which we may add, the indefatigable Industry, and extreme Diligence of the Democratians, or Common-weal- Men ; together with the Oligarchians, (or such as would have only the better sort to rule) in exciting the several Counties to the increasing their Armies ; and not only narrowly observing, but speedily suppressing the Kings Friends. The Arch-Regicide Cromwell being now return'd into England^ (leaving six thousand Souldiers in Scotland, under the Command of General Monck, in order to the prosecution of his Victories there) doth exceedingly rejoyce the Armies of the Parricides, and innervate them with new vigour ; And presently joyns his Forces with Lambert, and Harrison, and also with Gray, and Fleetwood^ and so with Souldiers from all parts, some being Voluntiers, others prest, in number at least four- score thousand, (if some have not miscounted in their Calculations) he begirts the City of Worcester. But the heroick Enterprises which at that time were attempted by that truly honourable the Earl of Derby, though Fortune denied them a propitious aspect, yet ought they not to be buried in the dark Grave of Oblivion, but rather written with indelible Characters, as Monu- ments of Loyalty to the embalming of his memory. For being attended with an inconsiderable party of two hundred and fifty Men, coming from the Isle of Man, applyes himself to the Town of Lancaster, and in a very short time in that County lifteth fifteen hundred Men ; which whilst he was conducting to Manchester^ there to have augmented this Loyal Party with five hundred more, meets (such was Heavens Decree) with Lilburn, a Colonel of the Parricides, assisted with a Party of sixteen hundred Sectaries, where presently a Fight begins, and after 1 12 Miraculum-Basiltcon a very sharp Conflict, the Earl is worsted, and having received two wounds, he escapes, conveying himself through by-paths and woods to Worcester; the Lord Widdrington, Sir Thomas Tildesley, Colonel Matthew Bointon,* being all slain ir the Engagement : Sir William Throckmorton, Colonel Richard Legg, with four other principal Commanders, and four hundred private Souldiers, are all taken Prisoners.! In the mean time Cromwell, like an implacible Enemy, vieweth the Royal Army, being uncertain as yet upon what part of the Kings Camp to make the first Onset, concludes at last the Fcrlorn Hope to fall upon Upon, a small place situate towards the South, seven Miles below Worcester, where was a Stone Bridge went over the River Severn; which Bridge Major General Massey had broken down, but as it fortun'd, had left a Beam which reach'd from the extremities of one of the Arches ; laying himself secure, with two hundred and fifty Horse, in a small Town fast by, notwithstanding the Pass was neglected. But CromwelVs Souldiers quickly apprehending that Opportunity, and climbing by that Beam, one after another, suddenly get over, and having gotten a con- siderable Party, they not long after take the Church of Upon, defending It so long, untill others, partly by the Horses swimming the River, and partly by the Bridge, which is now in somo degree repaired, new supplies of the Enemy come over. The Major General sounds a Retreat, and having received a great J wounc in his hand, marches back to Worcester, The Parricides, by laying Planks upon Boats, make Bridges over the River Team, and so in Trcops pass over; which River flowing a little farther westerly, devolves; into Severn, not much below the City. By and by the like Bridge is made upon the River Severn it self, and under Buns-hill, about a Mile from the City, they * Also Col. Trollop, Lieutenant Co/ow/ GUlard, ^c. Colovel Roscarrock tvounded. Col. Babe ^y^'^™''^^^ Fetherstonhough, {who was afterwards beheaded by the Rebells) X A Shot from a Musket, \n which Dispute he behaved himst If very gallantly, » 113 Aug. 28. Aug. 29. ^\ . The Royal Miracle Aug. 30. The other 'Detuty Gcvernour. ]oyn all their Forces, and* face Worcester with twenty thousand, as if they intended presently to engage the Royal Army. The next Night, the stout Major General Middleton, with a Brigade of fifteen hundred Horse and Foot of the Scots, resolves to make a sally upon the Enemy ; But the Cromwellians, by a certain Taylor, (named Guyes, and one of Worcester, who notwithstanding by a Halter afterwards received the just reward of a Traytor) being pre- admonished, with all dexterity made Provision to receive this Camisado, or Sally : nevertheless the edge of the Royal Valour is not rebated, but resolves to make some attempts upon the Enemy, but proving insuccessfull, for Knox the Major of the Party, with some others, being lost, the rest return to the City. And now the third day of September being come, not more memorable than fatal to the Scotish Nation, in regard of the total Rout they received upon the same day the year before at Dunbar by Cromwell, when as his sacred Majesty, being attended with his Council of War, from a very high Tower of the Cathedral Church beheld the Enemy, he sees them marching towards the City, presently there is an Allarm given, and likewise the King himself speedily marcheth in person to the defence of Powick Bridge, to frustrate the new passage made there by Boats (which was formerly mentioned.) The King was scarcely returned to the City, but Montgomery, who was appointed to defend the Bridge, being dangerously wounded, and moreover wanting Ammunition ; also Colonel Keyth being taken Prisoner, is forced to retreat into Worcester. But whilst these things were in agitation, his sacred Majesty moveth towards the East side of the City, and with height of Magnanimity resolves to try the fortune of the Battel, his Majesty now being attended with a considerable Party of Foot, his Horse indeed being not many, (for the Daseness of the Scotish Horse was such, as they could not be engaged so much as to move a foot) and steel'd with Resolution like himself, leading on his Foot, accom- ♦ From RedhUl. 114 Miraculum-Basilicon panied with the Dukes of Hamilton and Buck'ngham, and also with Sir Alexander For bus, he falls upon the Enemies quarters at Perrywood, about a Mile from the City, in which Enga^rement his Majesty often charg'd with that gallantry, and clear apprehensions of warlike Discipline, as could not but move admiration in the worst of his Enemies. Upon the first Assault he becomes Master of their Artillery, their Guards being slain ; but afterwards, alt lough he had extricated the acute and knotty parts of War by th( sagacity of his mind, although he did attempt things both great and hazardous, and that with a mind as sublime as himself was above others ; although he himself did atchieve many noble and renowned Enterprises, and that with a most prompt and valiant Arm ; yea although he did at this time principally, by most undeniable tokens, demonstrate the excel- lency and clarity of his innate Courage, (as the Enemy it self can witness) yet notwithstanding new supplies, and fresh reserves of Re be lis being still sent from Cromwell, (like billowe:; in the Sea, one in the neck of another) by which he was engaged or cppress'd above measure, (Valour it self being prest to death under the weight of Multitude) Non Desperavit, he doth not despair (Piety and Courage having so invincibly possest his Royal Heart, as Fear could not peirce, nor Despair enter;) and that he might reserve h mself for better things, he thinks fit to recede, and escape by a timely retreat into the City \ where when he return'd, by reason of a Cart leaden with Ammunition,' (a Wheel being infortunately broken, and lying athwart in the very entry of Sudbury-Gate) he was for some time hindred ; but appre- hending the danger of the smallest Remora, iie suddenly dismounts, and passing in a-foot, presently mounts anoth.-r Horse, where with all earnestness of mind, and strength of voice, h.j doth now animate his famting Souldiers, strongly perswading them 10 let the Enemy a-new feel the effects of their Courage in the recovery of the Battel; until danger emmently approaching, passing through St. Martin's Gate, he overtakes the ^Horse, under the Command o:' David Lesley, (whose 2000. "5 The Royal Miracle iGenerai egregious Cowardise, if not Treachery, was such, as not to make one Charge in the whole Fight) and going forwards towards BarhotCs Bridge, did most earnestly and uncessantly beseech them, that they would'now at last, with recollected minds, and that with all celerity, sally forth to relieve the poor Foot now fighting, and engaged in the very jawes of danger : But it proves as ineffectual as the wise Charm to the deaf Adder, for some refuse, others throw away their Armes, all turn their backs, and decline danger, rather than they would, by resolute fighting (and true Valour winged with Hope) make that either the first day of their Victory, or the last of their Lives. * But the day being now lost, and all hopes of Victory extinguished in Despair, whilst the King escapes, the Earl oj Cleveland, Sir James Hamilton, Colonel Carles, with somet other of his Majesties most faithful Subjects, with some of the Horse, begin a fresh Engagement (by charging the Enemies) at Sudhury Gate, and with much gallantry oppose the Rehells so long, untill Fleetwood passing the River, and at the Western part, through the Subburbs of St. Johns, enters the City, and Cromwell having forc'd Sudhury Gate, puts the stout Earl to a retreat, and makes these true Loyallists to follow him. From whence he goeth on with Banners of Victory towards the Royal Fort, where Collonel Drummond, with fifteen hundred Men, were appointed to defend it, whom when he had refused the rendition, being but once summoned, and Cromwell storming, and entring upon every quarter, puts to the Sword, with all his Souldiers, Deploranda urbis ex eo Fades : Now is this deplored City involved in a Sea of unexpressible Miseries, the Victory being consummated, the Conquerours on the one hand begin to break open Houses, snatch, plunder, and swelling with fury, break out into ireful! threatnings : On the other hand, the Conquered ♦ I had rather you would shoot me, than keep me alive, to see the sad consequences of this fatal day, saitA this most excellent Prince. t Cap. Tho. Hornyold, Cap. Tho. GifFord, Cap. Rich. Kemble. Here Sir James, and Cap. Remble, are desperately wounded^ and others slain. ii6 Miraculum-Basilicon begin to flee, turning their backs unto the Wounders, and with hearts as humble as their hands, uncessantly beg^-ing for quarter. Some (though in vain) still contend, and dedicating :hemselves to an honour- able death, resolve to dye fighting. The Citizens in vain beseech, cry, deplore ; all places being now covered with dead Carcasses, or maimed Bodies (here Calamity tyrannizeth, offering such sad spectacles, as would make the most icie heart resolve, at least, to pay the tribute of a weep- ing, if not a bleeding eye) here was to be seen Souls imboss*d with wounds, seeking for comfort, and having no ba m, but their own blood to wallow in ; there thou mayest see others so embroidered almost cap-a-fe with gashes, as earnestly beseeching (by a meiciful kind of cruelty) for a termination of Life and Miseries together. And to compleat this horrid Tragedy, their dead bodies are exposec to the open air, and lye unburied some three or four dayes more ; which filthy spectacle, by reason of the goary blood issuing from their leaping wounds, increased the horrour of that wicked Fact. Three thousand five hundred of the private Souldiers were slain upon the place. The Duke of Hamilton having his Legg broken, lived not passing four or five dayes after the Fight. Forbuswzs shot through both the Leggs. There were of the Tonmsmen and Scots taken Prisoners to the number of five thousand, amongst whom were the Earls of Rothes, Carneworth, and Kelle ; :he Lord Sinclare, and Montgomery, being the chief Commander of the Artillery ; and also Fanshaw and Grave, both English Men, and Masters of the Requests for the English ; with divers Officers of the Scvtish Orders, and all their Bagg and Baggage, with a hundred fifty and £ve Ensignes or Colours. His sacred Majesty being past a little Deyond Bartons Bridge, (leaving Lesley, who had determin'd to lead th(; Scotish Horse, which had hardly strook a blow in the Engagement, directly to Newport into Scotland) being attended with the Duke of Buckingham, the Earls of Derhy,^ Lauderdail, with the Lord Wilmot, Lord Talbot, and other Nobles, and with about fifty Horse turns into a by-wiy, partly that he might 117 Also Colonel Blague, Roscarrock, Mr. Darcy,Af r. Lane, Sir William Ar- morer, Mr. May, Afr.Giffard,Afr. Street, i^c. The Royal Miracle refresh himself with sleep, and partly that he might amuse those that so hotly pursued him. As they were riding together, the Earl of Derby inform'd the King, that there was a certain Country Man, nam'd Penderely who had lately provided for him a safe retiring place in Boscobel-House, when himself was routed, and {[ed from Lilburn ; adding withall, that this Penderel was a Roman Catholick ; to which place the King resolves in the first place to repair. This House was about twenty six Miles distant from Worcester, in the County of Shropshire, near the borders of Staffordshire, seated between Tongcastle and Brewood, in a woody place, very opportune for secresie. And having one Mr. Giffard, who was very expert in the way, leaving Kederminster upon the left hand, design their journey through Sturhridge, and so towards fFhite-LadieSy (formerly a Monastery of Cistertian Nuns) being distant in the midst of the Woods, about the space of a little Mile from Boscobel. Where coming, and knocking at the Gates about Midnight, the King, with his Retinue, are led in by another of the Penderels, Whilst his sacred Majesty was there, he cut off the hair of his head, and (being cast into the fire) he besmeers his hands with the soot of the Chimney, and then clothes himself with some of their poor Apparel.* And now PendereVs two other Brothers are t sent for, viz. Richard,who lived nigh, in a little Farm, at Hobbal-Grange ; and William, who dwelt at Boscobel; who being informed of this great and misfortunate over- throw, 7 he Earl of Derby shewing them his sacred Majesty, doth pray and most earnestly intreat them, by their Faith, by their God, and all things sacred, that they endeavour to preserve him from the implacable fury of his merciless Enemies, and that with all speed they seek out for him a place of safeguard, to shelter atid hide in. To which these poor Country Men (yielding ready obedience) promise they will do their utmost. Whereupon Richard Penderel conducteth the King, through a back * As a noggen coarse Shirt of Edward Martin's, and with Rich. Penderel's Green Suit^ and Leather Doublet. + Barth. Martin, a Boy of the House, is sent. Il8 Miraculum-Basilicon Door, into the next Wood, called the Spring-Copice ; but the LordWilmot being commanded before that he should ride for London, where at the Sign of the Green-Dragon, at the Vintry in Thames-street, it was con- cluded that the King should meet him, Joh.i Penderel promising that himself would shew him through what wayes he might arrive there most securely. Afterwards, when these truly loyal, and honourable Nobles, had in this manner, and according to the utmost of their power, provided for the safe-guard of his sacred Majesty, they now consult their own, by whom it is adjudged most secure, that tJ ey follow, and endeavour to overtake Lesley, who by reason of his great Party of Horse, needed not fear the encounters of a few stragling Souldiers ; nor was it prob- able that any great Forces of the Parricides :is yet should reach so far Northwards. Thus having taken their leaves of the King, intending to overtake Lesley, they ride not far before they met, and rescued the Lord Leviston (who was Captain of the Kings Lifeguard) from the hostile violence of his now pursuing Enemies ; notwithstanding the benefit was of no long continuance ; for a little after, as soon as they were past not much beyond Newport, thty meet with a Party of Lilbum's, and being tyr'd with long travel, :hey are presently put to flight, where the Earl of Derby, (whom* afterwards being Condemned by the unjust Sentence of a wicked, and pr.Jtendedf Court-Martial of the Parricides, they put to Death) Lauderdail, (who for signing his Faith with the Seal of Loyalty, is confinec. to a noysomej Prison, until the happy Restauration of his sacked Majesty) with many others, whom here to mention would pr^ve tedious, were taken Prisoners. In the mean time, the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Leviston, Lord Talbot, with many others, shifting here and there, meet by chance * Held OcioheT i, 165 1. t Notwithstanding he had quarter given him by Cap. Edge, who took him Prisoner. X At Windsor. Castle. 119 t^^'.£^^v^ . :^ T t ■ I ilfS^Tifc \ -I The Royal Miracle with various refuges, and at last pass beyond the Seas. But the Enemy encompass Lesley^ having past but little beyond Newport^ where they take, and scatter almost all his Party, viz, the Earl of* Cleveland, (who flying, after the Battel, had overtaken Lesley) and also the Earl of Kenmore, with the Lord Wentworth, and Middleton ; but the Country People, not without marks of cruelty (which the English Nation for the most part abhors) did barbarously beat, and cruelly wound them, as they were sculking here and there, with Clubs, Pitch-forks, Thresholds, and such like Instruments, which their fury brought forth to vex and torture this despicable Crew ; being a most incongruous, nay, inhumane Retaliation, for their Civility, and good carriage, which they shewed towards them, not long since in their marching by. Major General Massey being wounded in the hand, and flying, doth voluntarily resign himself into the Protection of the Countess of Stanford, under whose Husband (who was the Father of Gray) he had formerly served the Parliament in Glocester; from whence, about a Fortnight after, he is carried Prisoner to the Tower of London; and being long macerated in a nasty Gaol, he is now shortly to plead for his Life, before the pretended High Court of Justice ; but in the interim, changing his Clothes with a certain Porter, he goes forth, and escapes safely. In this TO vvv, or nick of time, that the King went into the Wood, he was greedily hunted for, as the thing it self doth witness ; for it was scarcely past half an hour, before Colonel Ashenhursfs Souldiers (who quarter'd at Cotfal, about 3. Miles distant) are come, who search the Monastery, and running speedily through all the Rooms, and secret places, do narrowly search the most hidden Corners ; notwith- standing, the Divine Providence doth so check them, that they seek not at all without Doors ; for it did rain so hard the whole day, and the Showers falling so plentifully from the Trees, that the Grass was • Being then above sixty yean of age y yet boldly asserted the King'j Cause. 120 1 Miraculum-Basilicon exceeding wet with the Drops, so that what was Loss to others, became Gain to his sacred Majesty, But during the time the King remain'd i 1 the dark Woods, and thick Bushments, Richard Penderel having taken a Hook in his hand, as if he intended to mend the Hedges, brings a Blanket, which being folded together, the King sits down upon it ; and this Richard also desires Francis Tate^s Wife, (who lived fast by, and was his near Kinswoman) that if she had any Victuals in readness, she would bring it drest into the Wood. The poor Woman with all speed makes ready a Mess of Milk, with some Sugar, and a few Eggs, and Butter. The King, at the first approach of the poor Wcman, is much troubled, by reason of the natural proness of that Sex to Pratling ; but being come, the King saith to her, fFill you be faithful in concealing a dis- tressed Cavalier F Tes Sir (answered the poor Woman) and I will dye rather than I will betray you. With which worcs the King being much satisfied, fed heartily on those things which were brought him. The Evening being come, Richard Penderel conducts him into his little Cottage at Habbal-Grange, being but little distant from the place where the King was, and there he is provid(d for a new Journey, which he is about to undertake that Night; for, amongst other things, the King enquires, whether this Penderel knew any Person of known Fidelity to the King's Interest, that lived near the River Severn, who could provide some private place, wherein his Majesty might shelter himself so long, untill Provision could be mace for his Passage into IVales because in that Country the King had bo:h many, and also most faithful Friends, by the assistance of whom, hz might either goe for London, or else there more securely be concealed amongst the craggy Mountains. Being therefore informed of one Mr. fVoolf, living five Miles from thence, and about one Mile from the River Severn, at a In this Journey the Village called Madeley, thither about Nine of tl:e Clock in the Night, ^^g names himself his sacred Majesty, being attended by his fiithful Guide Richard Z^^''''^'" Penderel, sets forwards ; but they had scarcely travelled a Mile, before ''"^ '^^' 111 The Royal Miracle . \ 'J they were to pass by a * Water-Mill^ and there to pass the River by a Timber Bridge, where opening a Gate through which they were to goe, Richard chanc'd to let it clap, whereat the Miller instantly, with threatening words, requires them to stand, demanding of them whither they went so late in the Night ; but Richard Penderel being affrighted at the inexpectedness of the Thunderclap, quits the Bridge, and suddenly runs through the Water, at which his Royal Companion followeth after, being directed not so much by the benefit of his own Eyes, as guided by the rusling of PendereFs Leathern Breeches, the best Directory his Majesty had to follow him, in a Night attended with so much darkness. The fat Miller presently leaves his pursute, and they pass the residue of the way without farther danger. But at length being come at Madeley, about Midnight, Richard Penderel knocks at the Door, which is presently opened by Mr. Woolfs Daughter, and the Guest is very friendly entertained ; and making Mr. Wool/privy to their Design, he hides the King in a Barn, because in the day time the House was seldom or never free from Souldiers. And having sent forth, to try whether there was any Opportunity of passing the River SeverUy he is informed, that not only the Bridges were secur'd, and guarded by Souldiers, but also the Passages, and Passage-Boats, were narrowly watched ; wherefore his Passage over the River could not be attempted without much difficulty, and more danger. The Day being spent, his Majesty returns from the Barn into the House, where, by the industry of Mrs. Woolfy his Hands and Face are accurately dyed with a Decoction of Walnut-Leaves ; but taking his leave there, about ii. of the Clock in the Night, he returns afoot to Boscobely by the same way he went thither ; resolving to wait there some more commodious Opportunity, before he would attempt a farther Journey. Called by some Evelin-Mill. This Miller was an honest man^ though the King knetv it not, and had then some considerable Persons of his Majesties Jrmy in his House, who took shelter there after tht Fight, which occasioned him to be upon his watchy in order to their saftty. Miraculum-Easilicon And being returned the Saturdajy* about three of the Clock in the Morning, the King remains in the Wood, whilst Richard goes into Boscobel-House, to see if there were any Souldiers, where he finds only Colonel Car lis (whom we formerly mentionec, with others, to have stoutly opposed the Cromwellians at Sudbury-Gate) who was born at Bromhally in Stafford-shire, two Miles from Boscobel, and newly come to this his familiar acquaintance, that so he might privately refresh him- self with Food. But hearing who lay hid in the Woods, Colonel Car lis, with two of the f Pender els, goe presently to attend the King; and after joyful Congratulations upon both si les, they walk together into the House. But the Gravel which got i ito his Majesties Shooes (when he waded through the River) by rubbing and grating up and down, drew a little blood from his Feet, being much galled and sur- bated ; for the Curing of which, the poor Wo nan, William PenderePs Wife, provides a Bath to wash them ; and tl:en, both the King and the Colonel, being refreshed with ifpoor County Food, they presently return into the Wood, where ascending the tcp of a thick Oak, they continue there the whole day ; where his sacrea Majesty, by reason of long watching, is surprised by sleep, and restetli in the Arms and Lapp of this Loyal Colonel. But whilst his Majest) was thus sleeping, he chanc'd so to rest his Head upon one of the Armes of the Colonel, that by compressing the nervous parts of it, it caused such a stupor or numness in the part, that he had scarcely strength left in it, any longer to support his Majesty from falling off the "irree, neither durst he, by reason of the nearness of the Enemy (now hunting so greedily after him) speak so hard, as to awake him ; neverth(;less, to avoid both the danger of the fall and surprize together, he w£ s (though unwillingly) constrained to practice so much incivility, (as 1 was credibly inform'd, by a worthy Person, who received this relation from the Colonel's own * Sep: 6 t Viz. as some say, William, and Richard, and the King, fitting upon the Root of an Oak. X Bread and Cheese^ with a Posset of thin (Milky and small Beer. 123 The Royal Miracle mouth) as to pinch his Majesty^ to the end he might awake him, and prevent this present danger. But in the Evening they come down, and return very hungry to the House ; where his Majesty being shown a most inscrutable place (being a hiding place * or shelter for a Priest) his Majesty likes it so well, that he is unwilling any more, whilst he tarried there, to commit himself abroad in the open air, but resolves to trust to the security of this place. Humphrey^ another of the five Brothers of the Penderels^ who kept a Mill but little from thence, went the same Saturday to Sheffnaly to pay in some Taxes : where in the House of one Captain Broadway^ the head- Collector of the Moneys, he accidentally meets a Colonel of the Rebels, coming newly from Worcester^ who earnestly enquires, and greedily hunts after the King; and hearing that this country-man lived nigh the Monastery of W kite- La dies , examined him, whether he knew any thing of the King^ or concerning the Monastery ; and adds farther, That if any Person would discover him^ he should he rewarded with a thou- sand pounds sterling: but on the other hand,, if any shall be found to hide or conceal him, be must expect death without m^^rcy. Notwithstanding honest Humphrey (being armed with Loyalty) conceals the Arcanum ; and that he might at once preserve the King, and a good Conscience, he scorns the Temptation, as great as it was, and stoutly denies, that he knew any thing of what was demanded. And returning in the Evening, declares the whole matter to the King ; who spent the greatest part of the Lord's Day following, in an Arbour adjoyning to the House, in reading the holy Scriptures, In the mean time John Pender el, when he was to direct the Lord Wilmot in the high way to London, and finding it so obstructed (the Souldiers being dispersed into all places) thought it most convenient, to hide him, with his Horse, in a dry Marie-pit, untill he could learn out for him a more secure retiring place ; which at length he obtains (the Heavens so favouring him) by committing him to the Protection ♦ Here the Earl o/" Derby was secured, when he fled from Lilburn. 124 Miraculum-Basilicon of Mr. Whitgrea've,2LTi^ Mr. Huddle ston ; which Mr. Huddleston hzd tht tutoring of three young Gentlemen, viz. Sir Jo/m Preston, Mr. Thomas Palyn, and Mr. Francis Reynolds, in the knowledge of good Learning, in the House of Mr. Whitgreave. The Horse bsing sent away by night to Colonel Lane, a familiar Friend of his, who formerly had served under the King, they both with much friendsliip, and great civility, entertained the Lord Wilmot at ^oseley ; of which the King being certainly informed, by the return oi John Pender d, sends presently after his Lordship, of whom he had so lately intelligence ; who, before the Messenger came, had changed his quarters, and was gone to lodge at Bentley, with Colonel Lane ; where at length being spoken withall, and understanding the King's pleasure, willingly promiseth, in the dead of the Night following, to return back to Mosely, being distant five Miles from Boscobel, in order to the mee[t]ing of his Majesy. John Penderel being returned to Boscobel, the King resolves to goe tbither, to see the Lord Wilmot; but that unhappy graveling of his Majesties Feet (which we mentioned formerly) rendred him incapable to undergoe the Journey on Foot ; therefore mounting Humphrey Fender eVs * Mill-Horse, furnished with a very poor Saddle, and takirg his leave of Colonel Carlis, rides towards Moseley, having the four Penderels, and Francis t TeatSy as the Yeomen of his Guard. When they were together, the King dismisseth these Loyal Country Men, with many Promises of Reward for their Fidelity, which have be his Letters Patents, under the great Seal of England, to give the Name 0/ William Carlos, which in Spanish signifieth Charles ; with the Royal Oai, charged with 3 Regal Crowns, for his Coat of Arms. 125 RLl^tsraMfiCt The Royal Miracle the King is hid in a secret Room, in order to take some rest. The next day Mr. Whitgreave is sensible that there were Souldiers about to come, to apprehend him, as one who had born Armes * formerly under the Kin^s Command ; and some come, whom, being innocent, he is not willing to decline ; but his Majesty being slipt into this secret place, immediately all the Doors are opened, and he confidently invites them in, and by the testimony of his Neighbours, and other Arguments, doth so clearly evince the contrary, that they did not trouble him any farther, no not so much as to goe up the Stairs. Again, the same day the Souldiers search the Monastery, being informed by a Comet that was taken Prisoner,! that the King for certain did hide himself there ; For as an eye-witness, he had observed the King, with some Nobles, to have rid thither : but of them that went off from thence, he saw no man to go off like the King. Therefore they hastily rush into all corners, and private places of the House, and breaking up the Planchings, and tearing down the Wainscoat, and Ceelings, do search the very corners of the most hidden places : but all proving to no purpose. Then, with a Pistol presented to his Breast, they take the Mr. {George Giffard, who lived in an Appartment of the House) into examination, and threaten him, unless he will presently shew them the King, they will immediately Pistol him : But Loyalty had sublim'd him so much above Fear, that he resolutely denies that he knew the King at all ; nevertheless, he saith not, but that many came that Night unto him, who, when they had eaten up his Meat, and drank up his Drink, departed again. Then turning themselves towards the Cornet, they did miserably cut and hew him, as a most notorious Liar. The Night following his sacred Majesty takes his leave of Mr. Whitgreave, and his Wife, and also of Mr. Huddleston, where first of all he gives them an Order (or Bill of Exchange) to receive Moneys * Or notv at Worcester Fight, as some affirm. t In Cheshire, who came in the Troop toith his Majesty to White-Ladies, where the Rebels hast with such speed, that they do not draw bit almost to the killing of their Horses. 126 Miraculum-Basilicon from a Merchant of London, (if afterwards it s lould so chance to happen, that this good work, or high piece of Loyalty of theirs, in concealing the King, should be discovered to the Parricides) that so they might consult their safety, by transporting themselves beyond the Seas ; then commits himself, with the Lord Wilm n, to be directed to Bentley, to the Protection of Colonel Lane, Wliere his Sister, viz. Mrs. Jane, is about to undertake the conducting c f him to a place near the City of Bristol, where there was hope of a Passage ; and in order to this Design, this Plot or Scene is laid. She obrains a Let-pass from a certain Colonel of the Rebels, that she her self, with one Servant, together with a Gentleman, and his Wife, with two Horses, might ride, without the molestation of any, to Mr. * Norton's House, nigh Bristol ; whose Wife being great with Child, drew nigh her time, where her Sister Jane ought to be ready in the time of her extremity ; neither could she have a better Companion to travel with her, than was her Kinswoman, with her Husband. This Projec: agreeing well in all things, the King makes no delay, but mounts a horseback, and openly, like a Serving-man, rides before Mrs. Jane, and she as his Mistress behind him. Mr. Lassels (which was the name ol' her Kinsman) with his Wife, following after him. The Lord Wilmot riding foremost, and carrying a Hauk upon his fist, as if he had never ssen them before, but accidentally meeting them upon the high-way ; and determines, when he was come nigh Bristol, to leave that way, and bend towards the House of his Friend Sir John Winter, there resolving to wait some better Opportunity, in order to his aflfairs. So all being ready, they put forwards, in hope of a prosperous Journey. The first thing memorable happened at Broomsgrove : For the Horse casting a Shooe, it was the King's part (being now in form of a Servant) to lead him to the Smith's, to have anotier put on. Where the King enquireth of the Smith, What news he heard? Nothing, reply'd the Smith, besides the Victory obtained by Cromwell upon the * Since Knighted. 127 The Royal Miracle Scots ; where ^ although all the others are well-nigh taken and kilVd, yet notwithstanding the King is escaped. The King replies, Possibly he is secretly got into Scotland, through some by-ways. To whom the Smith reply'd, 7hat this was not at all probable: but it was rather likely^ that he had happened upon some lurking-Hole in England : Adding withall, // / could catch him, I should not be a little glad, because then the Parlia- ment would pay me down a thousand pounds for my labour. After such like expressions had past between them, the King departeth from him, to attend his Mistress in the Journey. And coming almost to Evesham, they resolved to pass over the Ford, at the River Avon, being distant about a Mile below the Town : but being almost come to it, they espye on the other side of the River, Troopers Horses grazing in the Meadow, with their Riders lying by upon the ground. The King wills them to goe forwards, and dissemble their fear ; but Mr. Lassels (to whom the injury lately done him by the Souldiers, was as it were fresh before his eyes) thought it safer to bend towards the neighbour Town : to whose fear the King consenteth. When they had rid through the Street, behold the same Troop of Horse which they endeavour'd to avoid, they meet now coming against them, who not- withstanding offer them not the least molestation, but being saluted by them, only salute them again. Being come a little after night to Circester (called by the Antients the Castle of Corinius) at the Sign of the Crown, where feigning himself weary with travel, he goes into a poor Bed to refresh himself. The next Evening they reach Marsfield, where they lodge that night with a Kinsman of Mrs. Janes. The third day when they had left Bristol three miles on the left hand, they come to Mr. Norton's House ; where the King labouring as it were under a tertian Ague, Mrs. Jane (saying, l^hat he was a Son of one of her Fathers Tenants) procures for him a private Chamber, with a Bed to rest in, and also Medicines to be compounded by Doctor Gorge, in opposition to the Ague. Coming abroad in the Morning, Dr. Gorge enquires of him. What 128 Miraculum-Basilk on he heard concerning the King, and touching the Fight : But answering not appositely to the question, / fear (saith the Doctor) that you have assisted the Roundheads, Vie try whether thou art of that Faction : And presently leading him into the Celler, drinks tc him A Health to the King, in a Glass of Wine : To whom the K-ing drinking the like, proves clearly, that himself had never been a Pe rson so mean, as to be of that base Rabble. The second day, as the Kiig was eating of Bread and Cheese in the Celler, he entertains discourse with a certain bragging Fellow, that was present, who affirmed, that himself had been in the late Battel at Worcester ; and boasting, did babble much concerning the actions there ; of whom his Majesty asketh, Whether he saw the KingP Tea, twenty times (saith he) His Majesty asketh. What manner of man the King was P Then looki ng earnestly upon the King (saith) He is taller than thou by four fingcs. Afterwards, when the Mistress of the House accidentally passing through the Hall, and the King was uncovered at her presence, the Butler very intently beholding his face, and diligently observing his countenance, suspects him to be the King; and having taken a corvenient Opportunity, with great reverence and honour, falling upon h:s knees, most humbly desires, that he would let him know, whether he were the King or no ? The King having enjoyn'd him silence, confesteth himself to be so. This man's name was John Pope, one who about some five years before (when he was Prince of Wales) had served the King his Royal Father, in his Wars in the Western parts ; but afterwarc s being disbanded, he offers his service to divers Families, untill at lenjjth he was entertain'd by this Mr. Norton, for his Butler. After this knowledge of the King, he did his sacred Majesty many good Offices, and that with great fidelity. For first of all he is sent to Bristol^ tc enquire out a Vessel, but he could find none there bound for Spaia or France within a Month. When he had told the King concerning many who had served in the Wars, under his Royal Father, the Kin^ makes choice of one Mr. Windham, of whose Loyalty he resolves to make the first tryal, in I 129 The Royal Miracle these his streights, and great extremity. This Gentleman lived in a Village called Trent in Dorsetshire^ where the Inhabitants antiently bore the name of Durotrigce, But now the Lord Wilmot coming according to promise to Mr. Norton" s House, John Pop brings him in the night to speak with the King, and by joynt advice is presently dispatched to Trent, to enquire, whether Mr. Windham was willing to entertain the King for his Guest, and was also able to conceal him there, untill he should meet with some convenient Opportunity of transporting himself beyond the Seas. This Loyal Gentleman, Colonel Windham, readily answereth. That he esteemed it the greatest felicity that could betide him, that amongst so many eminent, and most faithful Subjects, he is pleased, in so special a manner, to dignifie him with this great honour ; therefore he is resolved, not only to expose his Life, Family, and all his Fortunes, to the greatest hazards, but also to trample them under his feet, for the sake of his most Gracious Soveraign. Afterwards he craveth the liberty of com- municating the secret, not only to his Mother, and Wife, but also to four Servants, of whom he had as great confidence for their fidelity and loyalty towards the King, as he had of himself. The Lord Wilmot con- senteth, and having promised the Kings presence there, three dayes after, about ten of the Clock, he returneth. But Mr. Norton's Wife the night before was brought to bed, and in her travel escapes not without the greatest danger, so that she cannot possibly be left by her Sister (for so they called Mrs. Jane) in these her extremities. Therefore, that they might make a handsome excuse for their sudden departure, they feigned Letters, lately dated, and to be sent from Mrs. Janes Father, a Gentleman now well stricken in years ; in which Letters he complains, That since Mrs. Janes coming away, he hath been extremely sick, and doth at present very much want her company ; and therefore commands, that without any delay or excuse what- ever, if she esteem the life of a Parent, she hasten home with all the speed that may he. The Letters being brought, and the news dispersed 130 Miraculum-Basiltcon throughout the Family, Mrs. Jane, and Mr.La^sels (leaving Mrs. iVof- ton in child-bed) with the Serving-man, whom ]iis sacred Majesty now represents, take their leaves of this Family. Henry Rogers, who had brought the Lord Wilmot from Sir John Winter's House, to Mr. Nor- tons, becomes the Conductor in this Journey and from hence they determine to take up their first quarters a: Castle-Carew, being distant about seven Miles on this side Trent. As the time drew nigh, that the King was to come there, Mr. Windham, with his Wife* went forth to meet him, as if they intended :o goe a walking, and privately conveigh in the King, by one desigied for that purpose: Mrs. Jane, in the interim, with Mr. Lassels, goe in openly, as it they had been some Kindred of Mr. Windham's, coming a great Journey, and had determined to be gone irom thence the next Morning. In this place his sacred Majesty remained securely for nineteen dayes, looking out for a convenient Passage, to svhich end many wayes were attempted, though to no purpose. But it happened upon a certain day, that the Bells being rung very merrily, contrary to the common custom, by the Country Fellows, and tie King enquiring the reason of this unusual Recreation, was told, it was for joy the King was dead, which was then the news current about the Country. Whilst it was long and often consulted concerning his Majesties transportation, a certain Merchant (whose name was Elsden) cams into the mind of Mr. Windham, formerly a Captain under his Royal Father, who since that time had used the gainful Trade of a Merchant, in the Town of Lime, in whose power it was perad venture to provice a Ship, because he remembred that this Merchant procured a Trans]Dortation for the Lord Barkley, when he was in great distress. Therefore Mr. Windham is sent unto him, to enquire, whether he was able safely to transport the Lord Wilmot, and another Nohle-man, who had ately escap'd at Wor- cester Fight. He willingly consents unto it, and goes presently to Charmouth, a place bordering nigh Lime; where applying himself to a 131 The Royal Miracle Master of a Vessel,* but first of all conjuring him to secresie, asketh him, whether he were willing to perform a faithful piece of service to Lord Wilmot, by transporting him, and his Servant, into Trance. The man assents unto it, and conditions with the Capain for threescore pounds, to be paid him, by a Bill under his hand, after the Noble-man is arrived in France: The day and hour are appointed, when these ought to come aboard, in order to their Passage. Hitherto all things quadrate well with their expectation, only they want a pretence for their tarrying in the Inn, untill every thing shaU be in readiness for their Transportation ; to this end Henry Peters (a Servant of Mr. Windham s, and one that was privy to the business) goeth to one Margaret Wade A the Hostess at the Sign of the Queens- Armes at Charmouth, and amongst many other discourses, he declares himself to be a Servant to a Noble Gentleman, who did most entirely affect a young Lady, whose Parents were dead, and that she lived not far from thence ; and also, that this Gentlewoman did as dearly love him again ; but her Guardian was altog:ether an Enemy to the Match ; wherefore he determines to steal her away privately in the night, and so to marry her. Therefore he demands, whether for a few hours she would entertain them ; and withall, presents her with a small Gift, in token of a more plentiful Reward, and so drinks a Glass of Wine unto her. The Woman being tempted with the Present, and also touched with commiseration towards the young Lady, willingly promiseth her assistance in order to the work. Therefore the King leaving Trent, rides towards \Charmouihy carrying Mrs. Julian Conesby (who was also privy to the Design) upon the same Horse behind him, that she might represent the person of the Bride : The Lord Wilmot, * Stephen Limbry of Charmouth. He died there in 1676 and was buried on July 14 in that year. t Margaret Wade died in 1685, the year of Monmouth's RebeUion. She was buried at Charmouth on March 23rd. X Tity come there upn Sf. Matthew/ day, about $. or 6. in tie Evening. 132 Miraculum-Basilicon Colonel Windham^ and Henry Peters accompanying them, they meet with Mr. Elsden, and are brought into a privatj House. Here his sacred Majesty makes himself known to Mr, Elsden, giving him a small Present, as a pledge of his future gratitude. From hence the Merchant rides to Lime, that he mi^;ht acquaint the Master of the Vessel, to have all things in readiness, in order to the Voyage, at the time appointed : The King, with the rest, remain at the Inn in Charmouth ; but Henry Peters is to wait the c 3ming of the Boat ; he returns, having tarried untill break of day, s nd informs them, that there is no Boat come ; upon which news they are all troubled, and enter into a new consultation : Here is found 10 place for his Majesty to remain in, that is free from danger, and the King resolves not to tarry one minute. A short consultation being had, the King, with Mrs. Julian Cone shy, attended with Colonel Windham, rides towards Bridport, and tarry there, at the Sign of the George, being the Inn appointed for the coming of the Lord Wilmot, with Henry Peter 9, the one being to ride to Lime, to enquire of the Merchant the reason of this prevarication; the other being to remain in the Inn, under pretence of new shooing his Horse. But Mr. Elsden, who thought they had been half their Voyage, doth exceedingly admire this breach cf promise ; neither was he able to conjecture, what the cause of it should be ; unless, it being the time of the Fair (for it was kept that da^ at Lime) whilst he is taking his leave of his Friends, he drinks hird, and so forgets his promise. But afterwards it appears, that the Ship-Master returning home to his House, that so he might furnish himself with Linnen> and other Necessaries, for the Voyage, his Wif ; keeps him, by locking the Doors upon him. For upon the Fair day, there was Proclamation made in the Town, by which it was declared. That no man living, on fain of death, was to assist the King, or to concial him ; and a thousand pounds is to be given to any man that shall discvver him. By reason of which, this poor Woman is so affrighted, that she fears her Husband, 133 yr ' *li >i i ii A eyotions, he had surely snapt him. M arising between one Henry Hull the Hostler, and one Hammet a Smith in that place ; for the Smith asking from whence these Gentlemen came ? The Hostler answereth, From Exeter, as they say. To whom the Smith replies, But I am confident that these Shooes were made and set in the North. Moreover, other things being called into examina- tion, viz. that the Horses were not unsadled for the night, and the Travellers themselves had likewise remain'd the whole night without sleeping, and that their Servant went forth from the Inn exceeding early in the morning : From these things, they presently conclude, that these are Noblemen, who escaped from the Battel at Worcester, and, by many windings and turnings, are come down into these parts, and perchance the King himself is amongst them. From hence the hope of great reward being conceived, the Hostler goes to one Westley,* the puny Parson of the place, and a most devoted Friend to the Parricides, to ask his advice, what is i:o be done in the Case. But he being at his Morning Exercise, ought not to be disturbed ; neithre durst the Hostler await the end of his long-breathed t Devotions, for fear he should lose his Scutee,| at the Gentleman's departing, and therefore returning without his Errands end, suffers the Gentleman to ride away unmolested. This Story being noised abroad by the Smith, behold how Westley, this pittifuU dwindling Parson, posteth to the /w«-keeper, and with most eager Blatterations catechiseth him concerning what Travellers he had lodged that night ; from whence they came, and whither they would ; and what they did there ; but his suspitions being increased by the answers he received, he runs to Butler\ the next Justice of the Peace, requiring a Warrant, in which * See ante, Introduction, p. 41. t Or bloody Prayers. X A present tf money. A scute in the reign of Henry V was declared to be worth half a noble. § Robert Butler, J. P., was included in the Commission of the Peace for Dorset in 1647. Was a prominent Committee-man and sometime Governor of Wareham. Fide Canon Mayo's Dorset Standing Committee, 1 646-1 650. 136 Miraculum - Basil icon he would excite and stir up the people, upcn all quarters, together with the Souldiers, to endeavour the apprehending of the King; the Justice refusing to do it, Capain Massy, now living in Lime, and seeing the matter required hast, gathers as many Souldiers as he was able, and followeth after them, directly in tie way towards London, until he came to Dorcester. But as it was dear, by a most Divine Instinct the King was turned another way, and so the Captain losing his hopes, returns from whence he came. Hereupon the Souldiers, throughout the whole neighbour-hood, fret, and are exceedingly concerned, and narrDwly examine all private places, and diligently search the houses of su ;pitious persons ; especi- ally Sir Hugh Windham's (whose Nephew Colcnel Windham was) where they most accurately look into all the chests, aid corners of the House, and violently apprehending the whole Famiy, they suspect a young Gentlewoman, of exceeding great Beauty, and rare endowments, as if she had been the King disguised; neither did they discharge her of this suspition, before they had tried by undoi:bted experiment, of what Sex she was. But indeed the footsteps of Kings are to l)e hunted with a narrower search. Consultation being held, it is decreed, that the King, in the depth of the night, is to return to Trent; a: id in the mean time, the Lord Wilmot, with Henry Peters, are to haste 1 to Sarishury, that there the Lord Wilmot might consult with Mr. 'John Coventry (the eldest Son, by a second Wife, of the Lord Coventry, sometime Keeper of the Great-Seal) by what means, either a safe Passjg^e might be obtained for the King beyond the Seas, or at least a new place of shelter might be procured for him ; it being to be feared, lest his tarrying in one and the same place so long, should at length prove the cause of his dis- covery. At last consultation being had with Mr. Coventry ^ he rides to a Widows, by name Mrs. Hide, who lived : n a Village called Heale, about a mile distant from Sarishury, that she might provide a private place for the reception of his Majesty; and Mr. Robert Philips, who as 137 ''*&.'■ «.. The Royal Miracle \t \ BrighempstOD. a Colonel had served in the Wars of Charles the First, is sent to South' ampouy to provide for a Passage. The Nohle Colonel returning from thence, informs, that there is a Shi'p in readiness, and all things neces- sary in order to Transportation. But it most unhappily falls out (whilst his sacred Majesty was coming to Mrs. Hides House) that the same Shi'p was hired by the Parricides, to carry Souldiers, and Provisions, which were to be transported for Jarsey. This hope vanishing, Colonel Philip earnestly desires in this business the assistance of Colonel Gunter, whom he meets withall by chance. In the mean time the King comes by night to the Widows House, and being gladly received, Dr. Hinch- many now Bishop of London, amongst other Guests, sits at Table with him ; but having supped, he discovers himself privately to the Widow, and enquires for the retiring-place which was appointed for him ; and although she had never seen him but once, and that only as he passed by, which was about seven years before, yet she knew him at his very first entrance. It is advised that he depart from thence towards London in the Morning about Sun-rising, but wheeling about his journey, he is to be in readiness about One of the Clock in the Afternoon, and is to be received into the House through a back Door: For that day there was a Fair to be kept at Sarisbury, and by this slight all the Servants being dismist, are freed from the least mistrust, and he him- self is to be received, without the knowledge of any : This was not only consulted, but effected also ; for the King, with Colonel Philips, after- wards, under a pretence only, take their leaves of Mrs. Hide, and mounting a horseback, they goe to visit Stonhenge, but returned at the hour appointed; where the Colonel conveigheth away the Horses. The King is hid in a certain private place, which they had made in the time of the Wars, to hide their Jewells, and other Goods of greatest consequence. Whilst these things are in agitation, a Ship is hired, by the industry of Colonel Gunter^ at Brighttelmstedy amongst the Regnoie of Sussex : which being once known, and all things necessary, in order to 138 Miraculum-Easilkon a Transportation, being procured, his sacred Majesty doth now un- feignedly take his leave of Mrs. Hide, and w th Colonel Philips, rides by night unto Mr. Simmons House, near Ports nouth ; but the next day, towards the Evening, he goes to the Inn at Brighthelmsted ; where, besides the King, there sate at Supper, Colonel Gunter, the Lord Wilmot, Mr. Mansel the Merchant, and Mr. Tetershel :he Master of the Vessel, who sate opposite to the King. Mr. Tetershel rising from Supper, calls out the Merchant, scil. Mr. Mansel, apixt by himself, and com- plains he hath done him wrong, for he hath deceived him, substituting the King under the person of another. Mr. Mansel strongly denies it, and presses him to make good his promise But he confidently on the other side aflSrms that it was the King, wlio being meanly clothed, doth pretend himself a Servant, and was cloak 'd under the disguise of a poor Fellow : And this he knew right well, ^^ecause formerly his Ship being bound for New- Castle, to fetch Coals from thence, was seized upon in the Downs,^nd he, with others, desiri ig to be released, that he himself dismist them. But the Merchant could not be ignorant of the late Proclamation, in which all are forbid, \inder pain of death, to administer the least help or assistance unto h m ; and a large reward, viz. a thousand pounds, is promised to any that shall discover him. Mr. Mansel perceiving that the thing was known unto the Master, informs the King of it privately, who understa iding his temper, and the civility of his carriage, goeth with the Lord Wilmot unto him, with promises of large rewards, and gives him presently a sufficient Salary for the Passage. He promising fidelity, goes from thence to prepare all things in readiness, in order to the Voyage. The Ship was distant about four Miles from hence, in a Village cdled Shoram, half loaden with Coals, which they had not as yet sold off ; and the Seamen abiding for the most part in Brighthelmsteed, therefore at midnight he calls upon them that they would presently rise, and with all speed goe aboard the Vessel, under pretence the Anchors were Ic ose, and the Ship is now in danger to fall upon the Rocks or Quick-sa ids, himself being about The Royal Miracle \ instantly to come after. Moreover, he appoints his Wife to buy in the Town a Bottle of Strong- Water, and to fill another with Sack, and to provide him his Linnen, which he was to carry with them. But she enquires. Why he went away so late in the Night, and whether the Morning would not serve his turn ? And when she perceived him more earnest, and would not endure the least delay, It is the King (saith the poor Woman) / believe, you are about to transport : but God grant that thou mayest be serviceable unto him, in delivering him out of the hands of his Enemies ; and that this may be affected, I care not, if hence-forwards, both my self, and Children, all the dayes of our lives, beg for our livings. Also the Inn-keeper, having drank freely, goes to the King something rudely, and taking him by the hand, kisseth it, saying. Who you are, or from whence you come, or whither you will, I know not : Nevertheless, I beseech God to preserve and keep you ; but if I am not mistaken, I shall be an Earl, and my Wife a Countess. The time for their going a Ship-board drawing nigh, they take their Horses, and ride to the Seaside ; but the Master of the Vessel pretends, the remainder of the Coals were to be sold by these Merchants at the Isle of Wighty and therefore is about to set sayl for that place. Thay take Ship about five of the Clock in the Morning, and spent a great part of the day in coasting about the shore ; in the Afternoon, the Master of the Ship bends his sayls, or is about to stand towards the Isle of Wight. But the Lord Wilmot, who pretends to be the principal Person, as if his mind had changed with the wind, after a little whiles dispute openly before all the Seamen (as was before agreed between him and the Master) changes his purpose for a Voyage into France ; and about the Evening they arrive at * Fecan^ a small Port in Normandy, and so at last obtain the welcome shore. As they sayled along, the Master of the Ship greatly adm ired, that the Kings Majesty better understood Navigation, and the order of the Voyage, than himself. Neither is it likewise to be past by with silence, what an * Dcip. This is a mistake. It ahould be Fecamp. 140 «»M> r^ammmmm AUraculum-Basilic on ignorant Sea-man (as sometimes a man is ingenious by chance) very wittily answered ; For whilst they were under sayl, the King sitting with the Master of the Ship in the Cabin, a pla n Sea-man coming in, sits down in the next place to the King^ and theie puffing with his Pipe of Tobacco : which the Master of the Ship not- Hking, bids him presently to goe forth with his Smoak, and not 10 disturb the Gentle- man ; but he grumbling whilst he went forth, saith, A Cat may look upon a King : which is a common Proverb used in our English Nation. His sacred Majesty was now arrived upon tlie French shore, where having first given humble thanks to Almighty Cod, the Watchman and Preserver of Kings, the Governour of Sea and Land, and the most merciful Pacifier of Wind and Waves, expresseth all kindness to the Master of the Ship, courteously inviting him to live and abide with him ; but he wishing the King all prosperity, chose rather (though not without great danger) to re-visit his own House and Famil} ; wherefore he takes Ship, and the Wind suddenly turning, that very night he reacheth Pool, a Haven in Dorsetshire, and sold his Coals there. The King coming to Roan, takes acquaintance with two Merchants, Mr. Sambourny and Mr. Parker, who parting his old Clothes between them, as if they had been the Reliques of Saints, put his Majesty into new, and more becoming Apparel. Here Dr. Earl, now Bishop of Sarisb^ry (who formerly had been his Majesties Chaplain, and was then by cliance at Roan) came to visit him, but at the first sight knew him not, whether that it were, because his Countenance was more sullied than ordinary, and his head spoyled of the former ornament of his hair, did obscure his Majestical presence; or the Doctor's mind astonished with so unexpected an object, had blunted his sight ; certain it is, that he could not find Charles in Charles ; till having longer, and mor; earnestly beheld him, at last, full of joy, he threw himself at the fee : of his dear Lord and Master, as well to deprecate the fault of his slo\7 duty, as to give vent to his passionate gratulations. The next day (the fame of this accident hiving speedily reached 141 fl I The Royal Miracle Paris) the Queen of England, the Duke of Orleans, with a great Company of Nohles, goe forth to welcome him, and conduct him into the City, with great applause of the People. They embrace him, they pronounce him preserved for the Joy and Delight of Mankind, they call him The Hope and Strength of England, they heartily pray, that God would ever keep and preserve him. Thus did that sacred Person escape i:he snares and malice of his blood-thirsty Enemies, by whom all true English men triumph over their Persecutors ; of whose precious Life, if God himself had not taken the charge, it had very many times unavoidably perished, and been utterly destroyed. That amongst so many Persons of the mean- est rank, so many of a contrary Religion, so many of the Female Sex (whose natural proness is not easily restrained from pratling) so many timorous, to whom 'tis death enough to hear it threatned, and lastly, so many poor or penyless Persons, and of broken Fortunes, who could not but well approve the tender of a great summ, that for two Months together, he should not be betrayed, is plainly (if ever there were a greater) the most Miraculous Work of a Divine Hand. I 142 VII Claustrum Regale Reseratum* ♦ i.e. "The King's place of retirement unlocked." The ward Claustrum is very rarely used in the singular. !| li *i If1I rMmcM LONDON S^> -v. /<- /-^ ^'/^/A-/ r///^ The Title-page of the First Edition of Anne Wyndham's Claustrum Regale Reseratum (1667) {From the copy in Possession of the writer) TO THE QUEEN'S Most Excellent MAJESTY This little Book having obtained liberty, sfter a long Imprison- ment, to walk abroad, prostrates itself at Yoar Majesties feet for patronage and protection. In it Your Majesy may behold God's wonderful Mercy & Providence, in keeping and preserving our Gracious Soveraign from the hands of His Ejiemies, when they so pleased themselves with the hopes of seising th s Sacred Person after the Battel of Worcester, as they had invented & prepared new ways to afflict His Majesty, such as till then never entered into the hearts of the worst Tyrants before them. But it pleased God to frustrate the hopes & designs of the King's Adversaries, and to restore His Majesty to His Fathers Throne : which that h<: may long enjoy with Your Majesty, in Health, Peace & Happiness, Is, and shall be the prayers of Your Majestie's Most obedient & most Faithful Servant Anne Wyndham* Sec Introduction, p. 40, H5 Claustrum Regale Reseratum or The King's CONCEALMENT AT TRENT. How that after the Battel of Worcestety His Sacred Majesty most wonderfully escaped the hands of his blood-thirsty Enemies, and (under a Disguise, in the company of Mrs Jane Lane) safely arrived at Abbots Leigh in Somersetshire, (the seat of Sir George Norton, lying near to the City of Bristol) hath been fully published unto the World. His Majesties Journey from thence to the house of Colonel Francis Wyndham at 7rent in the same County, his Stay there, his Endeavour (though frustrate) to get over into France, his Return to ^rent, his final Departure thence to his happy Transportation, are the subject of this present Relation. A Story, in which the Constella- tions of Providence are so refulgent, that their light is sufficient to confute all the Atheists of the world, and to enforce all persons (whose faculties are not pertinaciously depraved) to acknowledge a watchful Eye of GOD from above, looking upon all the Actions of Men here below, making even the most wicked subservient to his just & glorious designs. And indeed, whatsoever the Antients fabled of Gyges's Ring, by which he could render himself Invisible, or the Poets fancied of their Gods, who usually carried their chief Favourites in the Clouds, and by drawing those aerial Curtains, did so conceal them, that they were heard & seen of none, whilst they both heard & saw others, is here most certainly verified. For, the Almighty so closely covered the King with the wing of his Protection, and so clouded the Understanding of his cruel Enemies that the most piercing Eye of 146 Claustrum Regale Reseratum Malice could not see, nor the most Barbaro isly-bloody Hand ofFer Violence to his Sacred Person. . . . But before the several Particulars of this Jtory are laid open, two Questions (easily foreseen) which will be readily asked by every Reader, call for an Answer. The one is. Why this Rel ition so much expected, so much longed for, has been kept up all this wliile from publick view ? And the other. How it came to pass, that now it takes the liberty to walk abroad .? Concerning the first, it must be known, that a Narrative of these Passages was (by especial command frojn his Majesty) written by the Colonels own hand, immediately after the Kings return into England ; which (being presented to his Majesty) was laid up in the Royal Cabinet, there to rest for some time, it being the King's pleasure (for reasons best known to his Sacred self) that it should not then be published. And as his Majesties command to keep it Drivate, is a satisfactory answer to the first ; so, his licence now obtained that it might travel abroad, may sufficiently resolve the second quest ion. But besides this, many prevalent reasons there are, which plead for a publication ; the' chief of which are briefly these. That the implacable Enemies of this Crown may be for ever silenced & ashamed j wlio having neither Law, nor Religion to patronize their unjust undertaidngs, construed a bare Permission to be a Divine Approbation of thei • Actions ; and (taking the Almighty to be such a one as themselves) blasphemously entitled God to be the Author of all their wickedness. But the arm of God stretched out from heaven to the rescue of the King, cutting off the clue of their Success, even then when they thought they had spun up their thread, hath not left them so much as an apron of fig-leaves to cover the nakedness of their most shameful proceedings The next is. That the Truth of his Mijesties Escape (being mmced by some, mistaken by others, and not fully set forth by any) might appear in its native beauty & splendor : That as every dust of gold IS gold, and every ray of light is light ; so every jot & title 147 The Royal Miracle of Truth being Truth, not one grain of the Treasure, not one beam of the lustre of this Story might be lost or clouded ; it being so rare, so excellent, that aged Time out of all the Archives of Antiquity can hardly produce a Parallel. Singularly admirable indeed it is, if we consider the Circumstances & Actors. The Colonel (who chiefly designed, and moved in this great affair) could not have had the freedom to have served his Majesty, had he not been a prisoner ; his very Confinement giving him both a liberty, and protection to act. For, coming home from Weymouth upon his Parole, he had the opportunity to travel freely & safely, without fear of being stopped, or taken up : and being newly removed from Sherborne to Trent, the jealous eye of Somersetshire Potentates had scare then found him out, whose malevolent Aspect afterwards seldom suffered him to live at home, and too too often furnished his house with very unwelcom guestl. Others, who contributed their assistance, were persons of both sexes, and of very different conditions & qualities : And although their 'endeavours often proved successless, though they received dis- couragements on one hand, were terrified with threats on the other ; That a seal of silence should be imprinted upon the lips of Women, who are become proverbial for their garrulity ; That faithfulness & constancie should guard the hearts of Servants, who are usually corrupted with rewards, or affrighted with punishments (most power- ful passions, heightened by Capital animadversions proclaimed against All that should conceal, and large Remunerations promised to such as should discover the King) could work nothing upon any single person, so as to remove him or her from their respective duty, but that all should so harmoniously concenter, both in the Design, and also after- ward keep themselves so long close shut up under the lock of secrecy, that nothing could be discovered by the most exquisite art & cunning, till the blessed Restauration of his Majesty to his glorious Throne, so filled their hearts with joy, that it broke open the door of their lips, and let their tongue loose to tell the Miracle to the amazed World, 148 Claustrum Regale Rescratum would (were not the Persons yet alive, and the utory fresh in memory) rarifie it into a Romance. The reproaches & scandals, by which some envious persons have sought to diminish & vilifie the faithful services, which the Colonel out of the integrity of his soul performed unto his Majesty, shall not here be mentioned : Because by taking up dirt to bespatter him, they defile their own hands, & the gun they level at his Reputation, recoils to the wounding of their own. These things thus promised, by way of Introduction, open the Gate, through which you may enter, and in th-; ensuing Pages (as in several Tables) take a full view of the Particulars. The Disguise his Majesty put on, secured him from the Cruelty of his Enemies ; but could not altogether hide him from the prying eyes of his dutiful Subjects. For in the time of his stay at Leigh, one John Pofe (then Butler to Sir George Norton, bul formerly a Soldier for the King in the West) through all these clouds espied the most Illustrious Person of the King. With him hij Majesty (after he was himself discovered) was pleased familiarly to discourse ; And speaking of the great sufferings of very many of his Friends in the Western parts (most whereof were well known to Pope] his Majesty enquired if he knew Colonel Francis Wyndham, who (in the time of the late Wars) was Governor of Dunster Castle P Vtiy well, Sir, answered Pope. The King then demanded what was become of him } Pope replies. That the Colonel had married Mrs Anne Gerard^ one of the daughters & heiresses of Thomas Gerard Esq ; late of T:rent in Somersetshire, and that he had newly brought tliither his Mother (the Lady Wyndham) his Wife & family, and that h.j believed the Colonel intended there to reside & live. His Majesty having received the intelligence concerning the Colonel, together with an exact information of the scituation of Trent, sought an opportun ty to Speak with Mr/ Lane (from whom, the better to conceal himself, he then kept at a distance) and by means of Mr Lassels (who accompanied the King in 149 i! i The Royal Miracle this journey) obteining his desire, his Majesty with much contentment imparted to Mr j Lane what ?0'pe had informed him concerning Colonel Wyndham, and his habitation ; telling her withall, That if she could bring him thither, he should not much doubt of his safety. In this very point of times comes the Lord Henry Wilmot (since Earl of Rochester) from Dirham in Gloucestershire (the seat of John Winter Esq ; a person of known loyalty & integrity) to Leigh. My Lord had attended his Majesty in his passage Westward, and on Friday morning {September the 13) met accidentally Captain Thomas Ahington of Dowdswell in the County the Gloucester at Pinbury Park ; and being known by the Captain (who had served under his Lordship in the Wars) was that night by him conducted to Mr Winter's, from whom his Lordship (as he has often since acknowledged) received great Civilities. Mrs Lane presently reveals to Lord Wilmot the KingS resolution to remove to Trent ; whereupon my Lord demanded of Henry Rogers (Mr Winter's servant, and his Lordships guide from Dirham to Leigh) whether he knew Trent? He answered, that Colonel Wyndham & his Master had married two Sisters, and that he had often Waited on his Master thither. These things so happily concurring, his Majesty commanded the Lord Wilmot to haste to Trent, and to ascertain the Colonel of his speedy Approach. His Lordship took leave, and continuing Rogers for his guide, with one Robert Swan, arrived at Trent the sixteenth of September. Rogers was sent in forthwith to the Colonel to acquaint him, that a Gentleman a friend of his, desired the favour of him, that he would please to step forth & speak with him. The Colonel enquir- ing of Rogers, whether he knew the Gentleman or his business .? answered, No, he understood nothing at all, but only that he was caUcd by the name of Mr. Morton, Then without further discourse the Colonel came forth, and found the Gentleman walking near the Stable ; whom as soon as he approached, (although it was somewhat dark) he saluted by the title of My Lord Wilmot. His Lordship 150 Claustrum Regale Receratum seemed to wonder that he should be known, but it was nothing strange considering the Colonels former acqua ntance with him, being one of the first that engaged under his Command, in his late Majesties service : Besides, his Lordship was not in tie least altered, except a Hawk on his fist, and a Lure by his side might pass for a Dis- guise. This Confidence of his Lordship rea ly begat admiration in the Colonel, calling to mind the great danger he was in, and whose Harbinger he was ; For he advertised the Colonel, that the King himself was on his way to Trent, intending tliat very night to lodge at Castle Gary (a town six miles thence) hop ng by Gods assistance, to be with him about ten of the clock next morning. At this joyful news the Colonel was trsnsported (there having run a report, that his Majesty was slain in the Fight at Worcester) and giving God thanks for his wonderful mercy, he assured his Lordship, That for his Majesties preservation he would value neither his life, family, nor fortune, and would never injure his Majesties con- fidence of him ; Not doubting, but that God who had led his Majesty through the midst of such inexpressible dangers, would deliver him from all these barbarous threats, and bloody invention: of his Enemies. With these & such like expressions, the Colonel brought the Lord Wilmot into his parlour, where he received an exact axount of his Majesties condition & present affairs. Next morning, the Colonel found it necessary to acquaint the Lady Wyndham his mother, and also his o^^n Lady, with the par- ticulars the Lord Wilmot had overnight imparted to him, concerning the King. The relation he gave them, did rot (through the weak- ness of their sex) bring upon them any womanish passion, but sur- prized with joy, they most cheerfully resolve (without the least show of fear) to hazard all, for the safety of the King. And so (begging Gods blessing upon their future endeavours) they contrive how his Majesty might be brought into the house, without any suspicion to their family, consisting of above twenty persons. Amongst them The Royal Miracle therefore, Mrs Juliana Coningsby (the Lady WyndhanCs neece) Elianor Withers, Joan Halsenoth, and Henry Peters* (whose loyalty to the King, and fidelity to themselves, they had sufficiently experienced) are made privy to their design. Next they consider what Chambers are fittest for his Majesties reception. Four are made choice of; amongst which, the Lady Wyndham's was counted most convenient for the day-time, where the servants might wait with most freedom upon his Majesty. Then a safe place is provided to retreat unto, in case of search, or imminent danger: And lastly, Employments are designed to remove all others out of the way at the instant of his Majesties arrival. All which after a while, answered their desires, even beyond their expectation. Between nine and ten the next morning the Colonel & his Lady walking towards the fields adjoining to the house, espied the King riding before Mrs Lane, & Mr Lassels in their company. As soon as his Majesty came near the Colonel, He called to him Frank, Frank! how dost thou doF By which gracious pleasance the Colonel perceived, that though his Majesties habit & countenance were much changed, yet his Heroick spirit was the same, and his mind immutable. The Colonel (to avoid the jealous eyes of some neighbours) instantly con- veyed the King & Mrs Lane into the Lady Wyndhams Chamber, where the passions of Joy and Sorrow did a while combat in them, who beheld his Sacred Person : For what loyal eyes could look upon so Glorious a Prince thus eclypsed, and not pay unto him the homage of tears? But the consideration of his Majesties safety, the gracious words of his own mouth confuting the sad reports of his untimely death, together with the hope of his future preservation, soon dried them up. In a short time the Colonel brought the Lord Wilmot to the King, and then the Ladies withdrew into the Parlour, having first agreed to call Mrs Lane Cousin, and to entertain her with the same * I have failed to find any mention of these persons in the parish registers of Trent, where the writer of Ckustrum Regale Reseratum is buried. 152 Claustrum Regale Reseratum familiarity as if she had been their near Relatioa. That day she stayed at ^rent, and the next morning early Mr Lassels & she departed. His Majesty, after he had refreshed himself, commanded the Colonel in the presence of the Lord Wilmot^ to propose, what way he thought most probable for his Escape into France; for thither he desired with all speed to be transported. The Colonel (the King giving him this opportunity) entertained & encouraged his Majesty with this remarkable passage of Sir Thomas Wy Mam (his Father) Who, not long before his death {in the year 1636) called unto his five Sons, {having not seen them together in some years befoie) and discoursed unto us [said he] oj the long Peace iff Prosperity this Kingdom had enjoyed under its Three last Glorious Monarchs: Of the many Miseries i^ Calamities which lay sore upon our Ancestors, by the severa I Invasions ^ Conquests of Foreign Nations, and likewise by Intestine Insurrections iff Rebellions. And notwithstanding the strange mutations iff Changes in England, He shewed, how it pleased God in love to our Nation to preserve an undoubted Succession of Kings, to sit in the Regal Throne, He mentioned the healing Conjunction of the two Houses of York and Lancaster, and the blessed Union of the two Crowns of England and Scctland, stopping up those fountains of Blood, which by National feuds iff quarrels kept open had like to have drowned the whole Island. He said, he feared the beautiful gar- ment of Peace would shortly be torn in pieces through the Neglect of Magistrates, the general Corruption of Manners, and the prevalence of a Puritanical faction, which {if not prevented) wculd undermine the very pillars of Government. My sons! We have hitherto seen serene i^ quiet times; but now prepare yourselves for cloudy iff troublesom. I command you to honour iff obey our Gracious Sovereign, ana in all times to adhere to the Crown; and though the Crown should hang upon a Bush, I charge you forsake it not. These words being spoken wiih much earnestness, both in gesture i^ manner extraordinary, he arose fro n his chair, and Uft us in a deep consultation what the meaning should be of— The Crown hanging upon a Bush. These words, Sir, (said the Colonel) made so firm an ^53 The Royal Miracle impression in all our breasts, that the many afflictions of these sad Times cannot raze out their undelible characters. Certainly these are the days which my father pointed out in that Expression : And I doubt not, God hath brought me through so many dangers, that I might shew myself both a dutiful son, and a loyal Subject, in faithfully endeavouring to serve your Sacred Majesty, in this your greatest Distress. After this Rehearsal, the Colonel ^in obedience to his Majesties command) told the King, That Sir John Strangways (who had given many testimonies of his loyalty, having two Sons, both of them Colonels for his Royal Father) lived but four miles from Trent. That he was a person of great fortune & interest in Dorsetshire, and therefore he supposed that either Sir John, or his Sons, might be serviceable to his Majesties occasions. The King in prosecution of this proposal, com- manded the Colonel to wait on them; and accordingly the next morning he went over to Melbury^ the place where Sir John dwelt. No sooner was he come thither, but he met with Colonel Giles Strang- ways,* and after usual salutations, they v^alked into the Park adjoyning * Giles Strangways of Melbury, an ancestral kmsman of the Earl of Ilchester, played an all-important part in Dorset history durbg the Civil War, although his name finds no place in the Dictionary of National Biography. After the Restoration a superb medal in his honour was executed by John Roettier as one of the intended series ordered by Charles II of dis- tinguished sufferers in the royal cause. I possess specimens of it both in gold and silver. FiJe Medallic Illustrations, Vol I, pp. 333-4. The design of the reverse of the medal, i.e. the White Tower of London, surmounted by the Royal Standard, above which the sun is bursting from a cloud, was designed by the King himself. Giles Strangways was born at Melbury in 161 5, commanded a regiment of horse in the King's service in the West, was persecuted by the Parliament, heavily fined and imprisoned in the Tower with his father. At the Restoration he represented his native county in tlie House of Commons, and is frequently mentioned in Pepys's diary. In the sixteenth year of Charles IFs reign he was the senior repre- sentative of Bridport. Below Loggan's fine portrait of him is the followbg inscription : — " Colonel Giles Strangways of Melbury Sampford in Dorsetshire. The rest fame spcakes, & makes his Virtues known By's Zeale for the Church, & Loyalty to th' Throne. The Artist in this Draft, doth /V.rt excell None but Himself, himself can ])aralell But if his Steel could his great Mind express. That would appear in a much nobler Dress." F-^' \i -*»] ;:^*>: ri^i fH*'*^, dl '^tftk'" ,.*w I The reft Fame fprakec, Riid makes l[i Virtue* Known fVf: Zealf for tJi'Cburch. and Lx>>'iiltv to th'Tlircaic TJie AriiSl in thi» Draft, do'Ji Art excell None but iiiiTistlfivfiimsclfc can pa-'alcli 5tit if his clVvW coLild His grtaK Mitid i iiii^ii''iMirii-innariiiniiigHgMgliJJ^iii., iM^ Giles Strangways, of Melbury, who assisted Charles with MONEY AT Trent (From the rare original print in the collectim of the writer) Claustrum Regale Reseratum to the house, where Colonel Wyndham impartec the reason & end of his present Visit. Colonel Strangways his ansver was, That he was infinitely grieved, because he was not able to ser^e his Majesty in pro- curing a Vessel according to expectation ; That he knew not of any one Master of a Ship, or so much as one Mariner that he could trust : All that were formerly of his acquaintance in Wey mouthy being for their loyalty banished, and gone beyond the sea; and in Pool & Lime he was a meer stranger, having not one Confident ii either. A hundred pounds in Gold he delivered to Colonel Wyndham to present to the King; which, at his return, by command was deposited in the hands of the Lord Wilmot^ for his Majesties use. About this time the forces under Cromweil were retreated from Worcester into the several Quarters of the Country ; some of which coming to Trent, proclaimed the Overthrow of the King's Army and the Death of the King, giving out that he was :ertainly killed : And one of them affirmed that he saw him dead, and that he was buried among the rest of the slain, no injury being offered to his body, because he was a Valiant Soldier, and a Gallant man. This welcome Newes so tickled the Sectaries, that they could not hold from express- ing their joy by making Bonfires, firing of Guns, Drinking, and other jollities. And for a close of all, to the Church they must, and there ring the Kings Knell. These rude Extravagancies moved not his Majesty at all, but onely (as if he was more troubled for their madness, than his own misfortune) to this most Chris:ian & compassionate expression, Alas, poor people I Now though the King valued not the menaces of his proud Enemies, being confident they could do him no hurt ; yet he neglected not to try the faithfulness of his Friends to cor vey him out of their reach. Thus the former design proving unsuccessful, and all hope of Transpctation that way being laid aside, the Colonel acquainted his Majesty, that one Captain William ElUsden of Lime* (formerly wcU * See ante^ Historical Introduction, p. 42. The Royal Miracle known unto him) with his brother John Ellesden (by means of Colonel Bullen Reymes of Wadden in Dorsetshire) had conveyed over into France Sir John Berkley (now Lord Berkley) in a time of danger. To this Captain therefore his Majesty sends the Colonel, who lodging at his house in Lime^ took an opportunity to tell him, that the Lord Wilmot had made his escape from Worcester ; that he lay privily near to him ; and that his Lordship had earnestly solicited him to use his utmost endeavours to secure him from the hands of his pursuers. To this purpose he was come to town, and assured the Captain, if he would joyn in this affair, his courtesie should never be forgotten. The Captain very cordially embraced the motion, and went with the Colonel to Charmouth (a little place near Lime) where at an Inne, he brought to him a Tenant of his, one Stephen Limbry, assuring the Colonel that he was a right honest man, and a perfect Royalist. With this Limbry Colonel Wyndham treated under the name of Captain N orris, and agreed with him to transport himself & three or four friends into France. The conditions of their Agreement were ; That before the two & twentieth day of that instant September, Limbry should bring his Vessel into Charmouih-Rozdy and on the said two & twentieth, in the night should receive the Colonel & the his company into his Long-boat from the Beach near Charmouth, from thence carry them to his Ship, and so land them in France. This the Colonel conjured Limbry to perform with all secresie, because all the Passengers were of the Royal party, and intended to be shipped without leave, to avoid such Oaths and Engagements, which otherwise would be forced upon them : And therefore Privacie in this transaction would free him from Danger, and themselves from Trouble, the true cause why they so earnestly thirsted (for some time) to leave their native country. Limbry s Salary was Sixty pounds, which the Captain engaged to pay at his return from France, upon sight of a Certificate under the Passengers hands of their landing there. To the perform- ance of these Covenants, Limbry with many vows & protestations 156 Claustrum Regale Re stratum obliging himself, the Colonel with much satisf iction, and speed came back to his Majesty & the Lord Wilmot at Trent, who at the narration of these passages expressed no small contentment. The business being thus successfully laid, the King consults how it might be prudentially managed, that so there might be no miscarriage in the prosecution. Necessary it was that his Majesty & all his Attendants (contrary to the use of Travellers) should sit up all night in the Inne at Charmouth ; that they ought to have the command of the house, to go in & out at pleasure, the Tide not serving till twelve at night. To remove therefore all suspicion 5c Inconveniences, this Expedient was found out. Henry Peters (Colonel Wyndham' s servant) was sent to Charmouth Inne, who inviting the Hostess to drink a glass of wine, told her, That he served a very gallant Master, who had long most affectionately loved a Lady in Devon, and had the happiness to be well beloved by her ; and though her Equal in birth & fortu le, yet so unequal was his fate, that by no means could he obtain her Friends consent : And therefore it was agreed between them, that he should carry her thence, and marry her among his own Allies. Anci for this purpose his Master had sent him to desire her to keep the best Chambers for him, intending to be at her house upon the two & twentieth day of that moneth in the evening ; where he resolved not to lodge, but only to refresh himself & friends, and so travel on either that night, or very early next morning. With this Love-story (thus contrived & acted) together with a Present delivered by Peters from his Master, the Hostess was so well pleased, that she promised him, her house & servants should be at his MasterS command All which she very justly performed. When the day appointed for his Majesties journey to Charmouth was come, he was pleased to ride before Mrs Juliana Coningsby (the Lady Wyndham' s Neece) as formerly before Mrs Lane : The Colonel was his Majesties Guide, whilst the Lord Wilmot with Peters kept at a 157 The Royal Miracle convenient distance, that they might not seem to be al! of one company. In this manner travelling, they were timely met by Captain EUsdetiy and by him conducted to a private house of his Brothers among the hills near Charmouth. There his Majesty was pleased to discover himself to the Captain, and to give him a piece of forein Gold, in which in his solitary hours he made a hole to put a ribbin in. Many like pieces his Majesty vouchsafed the Colonel & his Lady, to be kept as records of his Majesties favour, and of their own fidelity to his most Sacred Person in the day of his greatest Trial. All which they have most thankfully treasured up as the chiefest Jewels of their Family. The Royal Company from thence came to the Inne at Charmouth, a little after night ; where Captain Elesden solemnly engaging to see the Master of the Ship ready, (the wind blowing then fair for France) took leave of his Majesty. About an hour after came Limhry to the Inne, & assured the Colonel all things were prepared, and that about midnight his Long-boat should wait at the place appointed. The set hour drawing nigh, the Colonel with Peters went to the Sea-side (leaving his Majesty & the Lord Wilmot in a posture to come away upon call) where they remained all night expecting ; but seeing no Long-boat, neither hearing any message from the master of the ship, at the break of day the Colonel returns to the Inne, and beseeches the King & the Lord Wilmot to haste from thence. His Majesty was intreated ; but the Lord Wilmot was desirous to stay behind a little, promising to follow the King to Bridpvrt, where his Majesty intended to make a halt for him. When the King was gone, the Lord Wilmot sent Peters into Lime, to demand of Captain Elesden the reason why Limbry broke his pro- mise, and forfeited his word .? He seemed much surprised with this message, and said. He knew no reason, except it being Fair-day, the Seamen were drunk in taking their Fairwell ; and withall advised his 158 Clans trum Regale Res era turn Lordship to be gone, because his stay there cculd not be safe. But since that Limbry himself hath given this account under his own hand : — That according to an Agreement made at Charmouth, September the 19. 1 65 1, betwixt himself & one Captain Norris, (since known to be Colonel Francis Wyndham) he put forth his Ship beyond the Cobs-mouth* into Charmouth-rode, where his servants on the 22 of the same monthe were all ready in her, waiting his coming ; Tha : he going to his house about ten that night, for linen to carry with him, was unexpectedly locked into a chamber by his Wife, to whom he had a little before re- vealed his intended Voyage with some Passengers into France, for whose Transportation, at his return, he was to receive a considerable sum of money from Captain Elesden. This woman (it seems) was frighted into a panick fear by that dreadful Proclamation (of the tenth of September) set out by the Men of Westminster, and published that day at Lime. In this, a heavy Penalty was thundered out against all that shculd conceal the King, or any of his party, who were at Worcester Fight ; and a Reward of a Thousand pounds promised to any that shculd betray him. She, apprehending the Persons her husband engaged to carry over to be Royalists, resolved to secure him from dang<:r, by making him a Prisoner in his own chamber. All the perswiisions he used for his liberty, were in vain : For the more he intreated, the more her violent increased, breaking forth in to such chmors & lamentations, that he feared if he should any longer contend, both himself & the Gentlemen he promised to transport, would be cast away in this storm, without ever going to Sea. Thus a Design in a business of the highest nature, carried on with industry & prudence, even to the very last, still promising full hope of a happy production, by one mans single whisper (the bane ♦ The projectbg piers forming the small harbour at Lyme. There is a drawing of them in the British Museum executed in the reign of Henry V [II. The Royal Miracle of Action) proved abortive. For no doubt, had Umlrj kept h,s counsel, he had gained the honour of Conveying over his Majesty ; of whose Noble Courage & Vertue, God was pleased to make yet farther trial, as the sequel will inform. The King passing on upon Lonion-Road from Charnouth, met many travellers, among whom was one of his Fathers servants well known both to his Majesty & the Colonel; who were very well pleased that he was not guilty of so much Civility, as to give either of them the complement of a Salutation. As they drew near to Brxi-^ri, the Colonel riding a little before, and entering the town, perceived .t full of Soldiers ; whereupon stopping his horse till the King came up, he intreated his Majesty to keep on, and by no means to put himself into the mouth of them, who gaped greedly after his destruction. Never- theless, the King having engaged to the Lord Wilnot to expect h.m there (without the least apprehension of danger) rode into the Georie, and alighting in the Court, was forced to stay there, and in the Stable near half an hour, before the Colonel could procure a Chamber. All this while his bloody Enemies were his onely Companions, with whom he discoursed freely without fear, and learned from them their in- tended Voyage for Jersey & Guernsey, and their designs upon those Islands. Here may you see the Pursuers overtaken, and the bitterest of Enemies freely discoursing with Him, whose utter Ruine they accounted would compleat their Happiness. He that sate in Heaven certainly laughed them to scorn, and by the interposition of his mighty Arm eclypsed their glory, and by his admirable Wisdom reproved & confuted their malice against the King, & their blas- phemies against Heaven. No sooner had the King withdrawn himself from this dangerous Company into a Chamber (with much difficulty obtained) but M« C»m««iy espied Peters riding into the Inne. He (being beckned up) acquainted his Majesty, that the Lord Wilmot humbly petitioned him to make haste out of the place, and to overtake him slowly passing I 60 Claustrum Regale Reseratum on the road, and waiting his Majesties comin,^ Presently upon the dismission of PeUrs, the King having taken some small repast, not far from the Town joyned in company again with the Lord Wilmot, & discoursing of the several Adventures of that hopeful, and (as' it fell out) most perilous Journey, concluded that ZoWon-Road was very unsafe, and therefore resolved to follow the next Turning* which might probably lead towards Teavill or Sherbwn, neither of which is computed to be above two miles distant from '/rent. Providence (the best of Guides) directed these Strangers (for so they were all to those parts) to a way, which after many hours travel brought them into a Village, in which was a small Inne for entertainment. This entred those masqued Travellers, to enquire where they were. And to this purpose calling for some Beer, the Host of the house (one Rice Jones) came forth, and informed them that the place was called Broadwtndsor. The Colonel knew the Innkeeper & his wife to be very honest, loyal persons, and that for their fidelity to the King & his party, they had (according to their condition) undergone their share of troubles. The King understanding the affection of the people, resolves to lodge in the house that night, it being already somewhat dark, and his Majesty & Company sufficiently wearied with their former nights watching and that days travel. The Colonel (while the horses were put up) desired Mr Jones to show him the most private rooms ; the reason he gave was, Because his Brother- in-law Colonel Reymes (whom the Lord Wilmo-. personated) had been a long time imprisoned, as well as himself; That they had lately obtained their Paroles, and to be seen togetlier so far from thei^ homes, might create new jealousies, and so cor sequently crush them with new troubles. The good Host upon this brought them up into the highest chambers, where Privateness recommended the meanness of the Accommodation, and the pleasantness cf the Host (a merry *• 161 A j The Royal Miracle I \ i • I II fellow^ allayed & mitigated the weariness of the Guests. Now the fee of things began tT smile, which dl the day & night preced.ng Seed so ifuring'^S. iU-favoured. But this short Calm was on a sudden interrupted by a violent Storm. For in comes the Consuble with almost Forty Soldiers to be billeted that very n.ght m the Inne all the lower Receptacles were thronged up with th.s unexpected Company ; so that the King was in a manner besieged, there being no passage from above, but through those suspected Guards Thus every place brought forth its troubles, and every period of time dis- closed fresh dangers! Shortly after the Soldiers had taken up their Quarters, a Woman in their company fell in labour m the Kitch.n The pangs she endured, made the Inhabitants of that place very lU at ease, fearing lest the whole Parish should become the reputed Father, and be enforced to keep the Child. To avoid this charge, the chiefest of the Parish post to the Inne, between whom & the Soldiers arose a very hot conflict concerning provision to be made for the mother & the infant. This dispute continued till such time as (according to orders) they were to march to the Sea-s.de. This quarrelsom Gossipping was a most seasonable diversion, exer- cising the minds of those troublesom Fellows, who otherwise were likely to have proved too too inquisitive after the Guests m the house ; the sad consequences of which, every loyal heart trembles to think on. , . Surely we cannot, except we wilfully shut our own eyes, but clearly see, and with all reverence & thankfulness adore the Divine Goodness for his Majesties signal Deliverances in this Voyage. Especially if looking back upon Charmouth, we consider the dangers that threatened him, occasioned by the Lord Wilmoi^s short stay there, after the King s departure. For one Eamnet a Smith, being called to shoe his Lordships horse, said. He well knew by the fashion of the shoes, that they were never set in the West, but in the North The Hostler (a bird of the same feather) hearing this, began to tell what 162 Claustrum Regale Rescratum company had been there, how they sate up, md kept their horses sadled all the night ; and from hence they con :Iude, That either the King, or some Great Persons had certainly been at the Inne. The Hostler (whose heart was soured against the King) runs presently to one WestUy (of the same leaven) then Minister of Charmouth, to inform him of these Passages, and to ask counsel what was to be done. This Westley was at his Morning Exercise, and being somthing long- winded [And by the way it may be observed, that long Prayers proceeding from a Traiterous heart, once did good, but by accidmt onely] the Hostler, unwilling to use his reward at the Gentlemans taking horse, returns without doing his errand. As soon as my Lord wzs mounted & gone, Hamnet tells Westley of the discourse between h mself & the Hostler! Away comes Westley upon full speed to the Inne, and (almost out of breath) asks the woman of the house, what Gues:s she had entertained that night .? She said. They were all strangers to her, she knew them not. I teU you then (said he) one of them v'as the King. Then hastily turning away from her, he & Hamnet ran to Mr Butler of Commer (then Justice of Peace) to have him dispatch abroad his Warrants to raise the Country for the apprehenciing of the King, and those persons the last night with him at Charmouth, But he spends his mouth in vain, a deaf ear is turned upon him, no Warrant would be issued forth. This check given to his zeal .0 vexed him, that it had like to have caused a suffocation, had not Captain Massey (as errant a Hotspur as himself) given it vent, by raising a Party and pursuing the King upon London-Ro^d. But God preserved his Majesty by diverting him to Broadwindsor, whilst Massey and his hot- mettled company outran their Prey as far as Dorchester. And indeed the report of the Kings being at Charmouth, was grown so common that the Soldiers (lying in those parts) search'd ihe houses of several Gentlemen, who were accounted Royalists, thinking to surprize him. Amongst which Pilesdon (the house of Sir Hugh Wyndham Uncle to Colonel Francis Wyndham) was twice rifled. They took the old 163 The Royal Miracle { I Baronet, his Lady, Daughters, and whole Family, and set a Guard upon them in the Hall, whilst they examine every corner, not sparing either Trunk or Box. Then taking a particular view of their Prisoners, they seize a lovely young Lady, saying, she was the King disguised in womens apparel. At length being con- vinced of their gross & rude mistake, they desisted from offering any further violence to the Family. And here it must be observed, that the same day the King went to Charmouth, Captain Elesden came to Pilesden, and enquired of Sir Hugh and his Lady for the King & Colonel, confidently affirming that they must needs be there. His Majesty having with an evenness of spirit gotten through this rough passage safely anchored at Broadwindsor : Where at length enjoying some rest, he commands the Colonel to give his opinion what course was to be taken, as the face of affairs then looked. The Colonel (seeing Forces drawn every where upon that shore) thought it very hazardous to attempt anything more in Dorsetshire ; and there- fore humbly besought his Majesty, that he would be pleased to retreat to Trent : He hoped his Majesty was already satisfied in the fidelity of his servants ; and that he doubted not, his Majesty might lie securely in that Creek, till it was fair weather, and a good season to put forth to Sea. He humbly advised, that Peters might conduct the Lord Wilmot to Mr. Huit's house at the Kings-Arms in Sarum, where he & many of his friends had been sheltered in the time of troubles. That Peters (being at Sarum) should by a private token bring his Lord- ship to Mr John Coventry (his Kinsman) a Person Noble, Wise & Loyal, with whom he had kept Intelligence in order to the Kings service, ever since his Majesty had set foot in Scotland ; that he was assured Mr Coventry would think himself highly honoured to correspond in this matchless employment, The Kings Preservation, He desired the Lord Wilmot to be confident of lying concealed ; And likewise to treat with Mr Coventry^ and by Peters to return his 164 Claustrum Regale Reseratum Majesty an account how he found that Gentl.jman affected towards this service. This counsel being well relished & approved, 'twas resolved, That between Sarum & frent (lying 30 miles disUnt & better) an Intercourse should be kept by trusty messengeis, and a secret way of writing, to avoid danger in case of interception. All things being thus concluded, the King left his jovial host at Broadwindsor, and returned with the Colonel & Mr. Coningshy to Irent. The Lord Wilmot with Peur, went that night to Sherborn,;nd. the next morning was waited on by Swan (who attended his Lordship to the Colonels) and that day got into Sarum where he soon saluted Mr. Coventry, in all things fully answering his LordshipS expectation : And (the 25' of September) Peter, was sent back with this joyful message from the Lord Wilmot to his Majesty, That he doubted not (by Mr. Coventris assistance & those recommended by him) to b: able in some short time to effect his desires. Whilst his Sacred Majesty enjoys his peace at Trent, and the Lord Wtlmot (with those other Worthies) is busied at Sarum to procure its continuation. It cannot be impertinent to mention a Circumstance or two. which inserted in the midst of the web & texture of this Story would have looked unhandsom. bat added as a fringe may prove ornamental. Upon the Sunday morning after the King catie to Trent, a Tailor of the Parish informed the Colonel, That the Zeilots (which swarmed m that place) discoursed overnight, that Persons of Quality were hid in his house, and they intended to search & seise them ; and therefore he desired the Colonel (if any such there were) to convey them thence, to avoid surprisal. The Colonel (rewarding the good man for his care & kindness towards himself & family) told him that his Kinsman (meaning the L. Wilmot) was not private, but publick in house (for so his Lordship pleased to be) and that he believed he would show himself in the Church at the time of Prayers. When the 165 The Royal Miracle honest fellow was gone, the Colonel acquaints the King what had passed between himself & the Tailor, and withall besought his Majesty to perswade the Lord Wilmot to accompany him to Church, thinking by this means not only to lessen the jealousic, but also to gain the good opinion of some of the Fanaticks, who would be apt to believe, that the Colonel was rather brought to Church by my Lord, than his Lordship by the Colonel, who seldom came to that Place, since Faction & Rebellion had justled out, and kept possession against Peace & Religion. He alledged moreover, that he sat in an lie distinct from the body of the Congregation, so that the Parishioners could not take a full view of any of his company. These reasons joined with his Majesties command, prevailed with his Lordship ; and (though he thought it a bold adventure, yet) it not only allayed the fury, but also took out the very sting of those wasps ; insomuch that they who the last night talked of nothing but searching, began now to say that CromweWs late success against the King, had made the Colonel a Convert. All being now quiet about home, the Colonels Lady (under pretence of a visit) goes over to Sherborn to hear what news there was abroad of the King. And towards evening, at her return, a Troop of horse clapt privately into the town. This silent way of entering their Quarters, in so triumphant a time, gave a strong alarm to this careful Lady, whose thoughts were much troubled concerning her Royal Guest. A stop she made to hearken out what brought them thither, and whither they were bound : But not one grain of Intelligence could be procured by the most industrious enquiry. When she came home, she gave his Majesty an account of many stories, which like flying clouds were blown about by the breath of the people, striving to cover her trouble with the vail of cheerfulness. But this the King perceiving to be rather forced than free, as at other times, was earnest to know the cause of her discomposure. And to satisfie his Majesties importunity, she gave him a full relation of the 1 66 C la u Strum Regale Reseratum Troop at Sherhorn : At which his Majesty laughed most heartily, as if he had not been in the least concerned. Yet upon a serious debate of the matter, the Colonel & his Lady supplicited the King to take a view of his Privy chamber, into which he was Derswaded to enter, but came presently forth again, much pleased, that upon the least approach of danger, he could thither retreat with an assurance of security. All that night the Colonel kept strict watch in his house, and was the more vigilant, because he understood from Sherborn, :hat the Troop intended not to quarter there, but only to refresh themselves & march. And accordingly (not so much as looking towards Irent) about two of the clock next morning they removed towards the Sea-coast. This fear being over, the King rested all the time of his stay at Trent, without so much as the apprehension of a disturbance. The strangeness of which will be much increased by the addition of what a Captain who served under Cromwell ai Worcester, reported to two divines of undoubted veracity, long befcre the King's blessed Restauration : That he was followed & troubled with Dreams for three nights together. That the King was hid at Trent near Sherborn, in a house nigh to which stood a Grove or patch of trees, and that thither he should go & find him. This sugg-estion thus reiterated, was a powerful spur to prick him forwards : But the hand which held the reins & kept him back, was irresistible. Now the hands of his Majesties enemies were not only restrained from doing him evil, but the hands of his frieids were strengthened to do him good. In order to which. Colons! Edward Phelips of Montacute in the County of Somerset came from Sarum to his Majesty {Septemb, 28.) with this intelligence. That his Irother Colonel Robert Phehps was employed to Southampton to procure a Vessel, of which transaction his Majesty should receive a speedy account. In the meantime. Captain Thomas LittUton (a Neighbour of Colonel Wyndham) was dispatch'd up into Hampshire, where by the aid of Mr Standish he dealt with the Master of. Ship, who undertook 167 l-srf CT | w *> B I «- *>- !9«M ifcfifcSEfc The Royal Miracle to carry off the Lord Wilmot & his company, upon the condition his Lordship would follow his direction. But the hope of Colonel Pheli'ps his good success at Hampton dash'd this enterprise, and the Captain was remanded to Trent, and to make no progress till further order. Upon the first of October, Mr John Sellick (Chaplain to Mr Coventry) brought a letter to his Majesty. In answer to which the King wrote back, That he desired all diligence might be used in pro- viding a Vessel; and if it should prove difficult at Hampton, trial should be made farther: That they should be ascertained of a Ship before they sent to remove him, that so he might run no more hazards then what of necessity he must meet with in his passage from ^rent to the place of his Transportation. October the fifth. Colonel Phelips came from the Lord Wilmot & Mr Coventry with this assurance. That all things were ready ; And that he had informed himself with the most private ways, that so he might with greater probability of safety guide his Majesty to the Sea-side. As soon as the King heard this message. He resolved upon his Journey. Colonel Wyndham earnestly petitions his Majesty, that he might wait on him to the shore : But his Majesty gave no grant, saying. It was no way necessary, and might prove very inconvenient. Upon the renew- ing his request, the King commanded the contrary, but sweetened his denial with this promise. That if he were put to any distress, he would retreat to l^rent. About ten next morning {October the sixth) his Majesty took leave of the old Lady Wyndham^ the Colonels Lady & Family, not omitting the meanest of them that served him. But to the good old Lady he vouchsafed more than an ordinary respect, who accounted it her highest honour, that she had three Sons & one Grandchild slain in the defence of the Father, and that she her self in her old age had been instrumental in the protection of the Son, Both Kings of England. Thus his Sacred Majesty, taking Mrs Juliana Coningsby behind i68 Claustrum Regale Reseratum him, attended by Colonel Robert Phelips, and i^eters, bade farewell to Trent, the Ark in which God shutt him up, when the Floods of Rebellion had covered the face of his Dominions. Here h e rested Nineteen days, to give his faithful Servants time to work his deliverance : And the Almighty crowned their endeavours with suc:ess, that his Majesty might live to appear as Glorious in his Actions, as Couragious in his Sufferings. FINIS I! ti II If VIII The Letter of William Ellesdon of Charmouth to the Earl of Clarendon concerning the adventures of Charles II in West Dorset on September 22, 23 and 24, 165 1 (Transcribed from the Original Letter preserved in the Bodleian Library) ii ) |iH %» 'i J »t "* *''' ^ 4' I To the Right Ho^- Edward Earle Clarendon, Lord ChanceloLof England &c Right Honourable Humbly considering that a compleat and perfect narration of the many & great dangers & the late many & sigr.all deliverances wch his Sacredd Majesty met with all after that fatall rout at Worcester until his Majesties happy arrival at that porte of safety at wch Allmighhty God, his gracious & mercifuU Preserver had designed for him, cannot but be very acceptable to all good Christians & Loyall hearts, wch bemg a work so much conducing to the Glory of God and the honors renowne of y! most most dread Soveraigne, and withall observing too great defectiveness in those narratives upon this subject that I have hitherto seen as to some of those eminent deliverances which God was pleased mercifully to voutchsafe his Majesty in the west : to the intent that if God shall stirre up the heart of any leaned & able Historian to give a true & full account of those remarkable passages of Providence to the World, 1 may contribute my Mite to such a noble & desirable undertaking; I have now (upon presumptiDn of your Lordships favourable acceptance) taken upon me the boJdnesse to present unto your Lordship a brief account of those memorable passages in this kind w<* my self (having been an Agent in ihem) had the hono^ & happmesse to be acquainted wth. The wc^ yoL Lordship may be pleased to take as followeth. After that his Ma^i disappointed of his hopes of embarking at Bristoll (of w± yol Lordship may inform yoi self in that Account w± a person of Quality hath given the world in his book styld the History of His Sacred Mat? Charles III printed at London Anno 1660 pag 125) 173 The Royal Miracle r i j 1 \ his Majesty desired to be brought some miles westward to the house of a worthy gent whom hee knew to be a trusty friend & accordingly his Ma'l being conveyed to the house of Colonell Francis Wyndham of Trent in Som«i, advice was had about preparation of a passage for his Ma'L in some Westerne Port. In prosecution of w5^ myself being look't upon as a person that might be confided in, and in a capacity of giving his Ma*JLin order to his transportation (having not long before been instrumentall in getting safe passage for Sir John [now Lord] Berkly) upon or about the i8!^ September 1651 the afor- said honourable & truly Loyall gent Coll : Francis Wyndhame came to me at my house in Lyme (where I then lived, looking upon it as some protection to me in those times to live in that towne) when after some other discourse had, and an engageml' to secrecie passed betwixt us, he told me that the King had sent him to me Commanding me to procure him a vessell in order to his transportation into some part of France. Being overjoyed to heare that my Soveraign was soe neare me (the Coll had informed me he was) & even ravisht with content at an opportunity of expressing the Loyalt}^ of my heart to his Most Excellent Ma*Z) so unexpectedly presented itself, I answered that I would with the utmost hazard of my person and wtsoever else was deare unto me (as knowing my self by all obligations, both sacred & civill thereunto obliged) strenously endeavol the execution of Ma^il* both just & reasonable commands in this particular : being verily persuaded that either God would preserve me from, or else support me in and under any sufferings for so good a cause. Accordingly I immediatly sent one to the Custom-house to make enquiry who had entered his vessell as bound for France. Newes was brought me that one S. L. of Charmouth had lately entered his Barque, and intended a speedy voyage to S* Mallo. Not only myself but also Coll: Wyndham was much affected with these tidings, having first told him that I had an interest in the Master 174 The Letter of William Ellesdon (hee being my Tenant) and that hee ever had the repute of being well affected to his M.2H: Upon these encouragemt j wee (resolving to loose noe time) road to Charmouth by the Sea-syde to conferre with the Master w£^ way I the rather make choice of that in y! passage thither I might show the Coll: what place I judged n-ost convenient for His Majesty to take boat in (in case wee could work the master to a comply- ance) in order to his imbarquing, and indeed a tiore commodious place for such a designe could hardly be found, it lying upon the shoare a Quarter of a mile from any house, and from my horse or foot path. The Coll : being fully satisfyed of the conven ency of the place, wee rode into the towne and immeiatly sent for the Master who being very happily at home presently repaired to us at the Inne. Friendly saluations and some endearing coriplem!? being premised (and a name that was not his owne being by m 3 in the hearing of the master given to the Coll: in way of disguise) ; told him that the end of our sending for him was to procure passage f 3r a friend of mine and this gentlemans who had had a finger in the pye at Worcester. The man being startled at this proposition (as apprehending more than ordinary danger in such an undertaking) we \^ere necessitated to use many argum^ for the removall of his feares^ wf^ were so happily managed that in a little time wee saw the effect of them by his chear- full undertaking the businesse. Wherefore ai ample reward being engaged for our one part he promised speedilj to prepare his vessell, and to hale her out of the cobb the munday fol owing, and about mid- night send his boat to the place appointed fo- the taking in of the passenger, and then immediatly to put off to sea (in case the winds were favourable). Thus far we were aggreed, and in all our discourse there was noe enquiry made by the master, nor any leist intimation given by us who this passenger might be, v^hose quality we purposed concealed lest the hopes of gaining -f 1000 (promised :-eward of the highest Treason) might prove a temptation too strong for the master to grapple The Royal Miracle \.\ \ h- Having thus farre successfully proceeded in our businesse we re- turned to Lyme. The next day (being Friday) Coll : Wyndham resolved on returning to his house at Trent with these hopefuU tidings to his Mall- I bore him company part of his journey, and chose the Land road from Lyme to Charmouth, that upon the top of a hill situate in our way betwixt these two townes, upon a second view he might be more perfectly acquainted with the way that leads from Charmouth to the place appointed for his Ma'J^lL taking boat, it being judged more convenient upon severall accounts that the Coll: & not myself should be his Ma*-i£! con- ductor thither. Here calling to mind that on Monday (the day appointed for his Ma^i!! imbarquing) a Fayre was to be held at Lyme, and withall doubting lest upon that account (through the nearnesse of the place) our Inne in Charmouth might be filled with other guests, wee sent downe one Harry Peters then a servant of ys Colls (who yet was not with us there the day before) with Instructions by the earnest of five shillings to secure the 2 best roomes in the Inne ag* his MaH!i cominge, who told the hostesse (to take off all suspicion) this fayre tale : that there was a young man to come thither next Munday that had stolen a gentlewoman to marry her and (fearing lest they should be followed & hindered) that he desired to have the house & stables at liberty to depart at whatsoever houre of the night he should think fittest. This menage being performed, roomes made sure of and the serv! returned, 1 then shewed Coll: a country house of my father's distant both from Lyme & Charmouth about a mile & half, w^J! (for the privacy of it) we determined should be the place whither his Ma!Z with the Lord Wilmott, who then waited on him, should repair on Munday next, that I might then & there give his Ma!Z a further account of what had passed in the interim betwixt myself & the master. Now being abundantly satisfyed and exhilerated in the review of the happy progresse we had thus far made, with most affectionate em- braces the noble Coll: and myself parted, He returning to his house to wait upon his Ma^ & myself towards mine vigorously to prosecute 176 The Letter of TTilliam Ellesdon what yet remained on my part to be done witi the master in order to the compleating of this work thus happily began. In the performance of w_ that I might approve myself faythfuU, I the same day & the day followmg, and also on the Munday after, haviig diligently sought out the master moved & pressed him soe earnes.Iy to the punctual! per- formance of his passed promise, that he seened discontented at my Importunity as betraying in me a suspicion of his fidelity. A little to allay h,s passion I told him 1 was assured that t,e Gent my friend would be at Charmouth on Munday, and that if he were not then ready to teansport him. it might prove an undoing bo.h to my friend & me. Whereuppon to vindicate himself he told me that he had taken in his ballast, that he had victualled himself & halec out his vessell to the Cobbs mouth for feare of being beneaped, because the tides at that time were at the lowest, being well satisfyed with this answer I left him (after that I had given him instructions how to prevent any jealousies that might anse in the breasts of the mariners conc.rning the persons to be teansported) and immediatly went to the aforsaid Country house of my come^th'^T f '? ' "" ""^ ^^"'^ ^'^'^''"^ ^"^ ' "- '^e firs' comer) that I might also erect a blind for the T.manfs eyes I demanded withall that I expected 2 or 3 friends, who promised to meete me there about r time of the Carrier passing that way His answer to me was but little to the purpose. But in half an houre after my arrivall thither came the King wit^Mrs Julian Con sby a kinswoman of the Colonells who rode behind him, the Lord W.W Coll Wyndham & his man Peters attending on him. After Tyr coming ,n I took the first opportunity to acquaii.t his MaLv of wharhad fZiT^riTt f r T'-' ^^'- ^°"- wrndhamfd! ;;t:;:^ me thTt all tl T '" "" '''^' ''" ''' --*- ^'^'^ -"-d me that all things were ,n a readinesse for the intended voyage, and men ^^"°^'^-"S,.'°/J-*-t-- given him) he had possessedThe^ men with a belief that, one of the passengers viz Lord Wilmott was The Royal Miracle I a merchant by name Mr Payne & the other, meaning the King, was his serv^ That the reason of Mr Payne's taking ship at Charmouth at such an unseasonable hour, and not at Lyme, was because that being a Town-Corporate he feared an Arrest, his Factor at S^ Mallo having broken him in the estate by his unfaithfulnesse to him, and that there- fore he was necessitated with this his serl! speedily & privately to transport himself to S? Mallo afor!^ in order to the recovery of such goods of his as by his sayd Factor were detained from him, the sending of w^ goods at severall times this serx! of his could sufficiently testify & prove. This I the rather acquainted his Ma»r & the Lord Wilmot with, that after theyr being shipped (the more to confirme the mariners) they might drop some discourses to this effect. His MaL^ who showed his approbation of what I had done, was graciously pleased as a testimony of his Royall favor (w^J^ I have ever esteemed as a Jewell of greatest worth) to bestow upon me a piece of gold, telling me that at present he had nothing to bestow upon me but that small piece, but that if ever it should please God to restore him to his Kingdom, He would readily grant me whatsoever favor I might in reason petition him for. Upon this his Ma!!' attended as is before expressed, rode towards Charmouth, commanding me to hasten to Lyme & there to continue my care that all things might be performed according to his Ma^ expectations & the masters promise. Accordingly 1 made hast home, found out the master, acquainted him that my friend was now at Charmouth, and that I newly came from him. He replycd that he was glad of it, that he would presently repaire to Charmouth to speak with him and to tell him when he would come ashore for him, which accordingly he did. And thus farre all things succeeded according to our best wishes, both the wind & tyde seeming to be at strife which of them should most comply with our desyres. But after all these fayre hopes and the great likelyhood we had all conceived of his Ma^Jfl happy trans- 178 The Letter of TFHUam Ellesdon Er \ ''""' ""f ^""^^^'^ ^^^ ^^ =^-- manifestation of his erv? ^ glorious wisdome & powerful] goodness in his Ma- pre- ZZ\ 'tf' '° '^"' "^^ '"^^'^^' ^^'' '^ -^^^ h- Ma. upon a new straite & dangers. ^ For the master either through weakn, sse of judg«,/ or else in des^n to prevent a discovery had utterly forborne to acquaint hfwif with his mtenfon to goe to sea untU it was almost time for him to goe aboard Whereupon he noe sooner called for his chest. 6^^; w.fe asked h.m why he would goe to sea having „o goods aboard The master now thought himself necessitated to tell her that his landlord M. Ellesdon had provided h,m a freight w^ would beluch more worth to him. than if his ship were ."ull laden with goldTht Lv'me? '"'"rr Gent a friend of his. His wife (having been a Lyme Fa.er that day. and having heard the proclamation read wherein ^:c^ was promised as a Reward for the dis:overy of the Kinge. and Ws Ma. ' ^"'" f :'"^ ^'^° "^' ^^P--'^'' '"« should co'n eale h.s Ma!?, or any of those who were engaged with him at Worcester and apprehendmge that this Gent might'bf one of that par^foS locked the doors upon him. and by the heb of her L dau^™ rt n fbernd: 'f "' '^"'"^ "'■" '"^^ ^"'^ ^ ''^ Children wouU iat^f he HMK T" ' ''"'"°^' °' '''*'° ^'' -'l '"'"t-ed him To to Lvmt?"' :T ''"' °"' °' "'^'■^ '»>- -"W instantly Sml M ^T . °™'""" '^^ "^ '"'» & h- Landlord to <-aptain Macey. who had then the command of » f„„. there. Here the master showed his wLo e. not a MeTvTis peaceable behavior, for had he striven in th, ! ' ^ probable that his Ma-r & his At nd- Id h Z ". " """^ *"'" in the Inne. ""^ ■"=*" suddenly seised upon But I must needs awhUe leave the master , „,;« • ,.■ house, his wife & daughters being JJC^l hT:!;: wiri Peters, at the time appointed, went to the place aggreed upon t^ 179 The Royal Miracle expect the landing of the boat ; but no boat coming after severall houres waiting (because he saw the tide was spent) he resolves upon returning to the Inne. In his way thither he discovers a man coming, dogg'd at a small distance by two or three women. This indeed was the Master of the Vessell, who by this tyme had obtained liberty (yet still under the eyes of his over jealous Keepers) to walk towards the Sea-side with an intention to make known to those that waited for him the sad tidings of this unexpected disappointment together with its causes. The Collonel (whom they met) though he conceived it might be the master, yet being not certain of it and seeing the women at his heels, passed him by, without enquiring into the reason of the non performance of his promise. Your Lordship may easily guesse that this frustration of hopes was matter of trouble as well as admiration to his Ma*!: The issue of it was that Peters very early the Tuesday-morning was sent unto me to know the reason of it. He had no sooner delivered his message, but Astonishmt seised on me, and the foresight of those sad conse- quencies w£!l 1 feared might be the fruits of this disaster wrought in me such disquietmt of mind that (for the time) 1 think I scarcely sustained a like upon any occasion in all my life before, my confidence of his Ma^il' safe departure adding not a little to the weight of that load of sorrow, which afterwards lay so heavy upon me. The cause I plainly told him 1 was wholly ignorant of (except this were it, that in regard it was fayer day the master might not be able effectually to command his mariners out of the Ale-houses to their work), but promised speedily to search into it, and upon after enquiry I found it to be what I have before related. But here (because 1 apprehended f. delaies might prove in- auspicious) I presently dismissed the messenger with this my humble advice to his MaiZi that his longer stiy in Charmouth might indanger his discovery ; which had certainly proved the issue of it had not God King of Kings graciously & even miraculously prevented it. The i8o The Letter of W^illiam Ellesdon hostesse of the house little thinking whit manner of guests the chambers before spoken of had been secu-ed for, had at that time admitted to be her Hostler one of Captain Maceys souldiers a notorious Knave, who observing & taking notice that the CoU: & his man went out so late at night towards the $ea-syde, and that the rest of the company during their absence were rr ore private then travellers are wont to be, and perhaps inspired & prompted by the devill strongly suspected one of these guests to be the King under the disguize of a womans habit, & ceased not once & againe to discover his jealousies unto his mistresse. But shee (though from the fellow's words & the consederation of some circumstances which that night & some clayes before had occurred she had some thoughts that it might be so) ytt detesting as much to' lodge Treason in her heart, as she would hive been proud of enter- taining the King in her house, very passiona :ely rebuked her Hostler for these insolencies, hoping by that means to put a stop to his (as she judged) treasonable projects. Yet this her honest design wrought not the intended effect upon this the heart of this her treacherous servant. For the same morning whilst Peters was with me at Lyme he went to speak with the then parson of Charmouth, intendinge to comm inicate his suspicions to him, found no opportunity to speak with him, he being at that time engaged in prayer with his family. Another remarkable passage we must of necessity here insist which was this : My Lord Wilmott's horse wanting a shooe, in Peter s, his absence, the Hostler led him to one Hammets a smyth then hving in Charmouth, who viewing the remaining shooes, sayd ^is horse hath but three shooes on and the^ were set in 3 seveLi Counties & one of them in Worcestershire. Which speech of his fully confirmed the Hostler in his former opinion. By this tyme Harry Peters being returned from Lyme, my Lord WiUmot s horse shod, on the advertisemt that was sent him, his iti I The Royal Miracle Maj!? immediately departed towards Bridport a Towne eastwarde of Bridport and about five miles distant from it. The Hostler now that the Birds had taken theyre flight began to spread his net. For going a 2^ time to the parson he fully discovered his thoughts to him, and withall told him wt the smyth had said con- cerning my Lord Willmots horse. The parson hereupon hastens to yl Inne, and salutes the hostesse in this manner Why ! how now Margaret you are a maid of honor now. What meane you by that Ml Parson quoth she. Sayde hee Why Charles Stuart lay the last night at yor house & kirst you at his departure, so that now you cant but be a maid of honor. The woman began then to be very angry, and told him he was a scurvy-condition*d man to go about to bring her & her house into trouble. But said she if I thought it was the King (as you say it was) I would think the better of my lips all dayes of my life. And so Ml Parson get you out of my house, or else I'll get those shall kick you out. I have represented this discourse in the Interlocutors own words, by this means to make it the more pleasant to yor Lordship. But to returne to the maine intendmt of this my Narrative, I shall (before we come in our thoughts to attend his Ma^J in his jorney eastwards) humbly begge of yor LordE this favor that yor Lordship would here be pleased seriously to admire with myself the goodnesse of Allmighty God in infatuating this Hostler & the rest of his Ma»i!« enemies in these parts. First of all parson (being not a little nettled at the rude & sharpe language the Hostess gave him) taking Hammet the smyth along with him he speedily applyed himself to the next Justice of the peace, to inform him of the forementioned jealousies, together with the reasons of them and earnestly pressed him to raise the County by his warrants in order to his Ma^ apprehension. But he (as God was pleased to order it) thinking it very unlikely that the King should be in these parts, notwithstanding all the parsonS bawling & the strong prob- 182 1) The Letter of William Ellesdon abilities upon wch theyre Conjectures seemed to be grounded, utterly rejected his counsaile, fearing lest he should make himself ridiculous to all the Countrey by such an undertaking. As to the Hostler his imprudent maniging of his mischievous intention discovered itself 2 ways, first in his having recourse to the parson, whereas, with greater likelyhood of successe he might have taken the advise & assistance of his fellow- souldiers, three whereof, being very desperate enemies to his Ma'J were at that time In- habitants of Charmouth & his nearest neighbours. In the next place his egredgious folly was further manifested in his delaying to acquaint his Captain at Lyme with his susp cions abovenamed untill 12 of the clock that day. For had it not been for this neglect of his, his Ma!!£: escape would have been (in reason's eye) impossible, his Captain Macey having no sooner received the report of these surmizes, and Information, on wt horses & in wt equipage, wch way the persons suspected made theyr departure from Charmouth ; but, having (in all liklyhood) the promised Rewird of such mischievous diligence in his eye, he instantly resolves to leave no means un- attempted, that with least shad owe of probability might conduce to his MaHl* Attachmt. In pursuance of which Resolves he presently mounts & Setting spurrs to his horse in a full career he rides towards Bridport, where, at his arrivell after little inquiry made he \7as given to understand that some persons, with whom the descriptiois he had received most exactly suited had dined at ye George that day, but not long before his cominge were departed towards Dorchest.jr. This, therefore, was the next place to which he posted (the w ngs of covetousness & Ambition nimbly transporting his mind then it was possible his horse could convey his body) which he no sooner entered, but (as if he had been to execute some warrant for the apj)rehending of the most notorious felon in the Kingdome) with the utmost hast & diligence imaginable, he searched all the Inns & Ale-hcuses in the town. But 183 The Royal Miracle God (who had given him no commission to violate Majesty) was graciously pleased to make this furious hunter to overrunne the Game he hunted for. Wherefore dismissing him from creating any further trouble to yor Lordship (whose principles, I doubt, rather led him to the heights of discontent at his supposed losse, then to a Christian observance of that Divine hand of providence wch was no eminently seen in the preservation Royall Personage wch he intended to make a prey of) let us now again turne to his Majesty. Who in his passage from Charmouth meeting with no interrup- tion in his jorney, soon reached Bridport. Turning in at the George he (to the astonishment doubtlesse both of himself & his Attendants) found himself surrounded by his enemies ; There being at that tyme in the said Towne divirs foot-companies drawen together, who now designed for an expedition against Jerzy. But being as yet unsus- pected (lest he might too late bewaile the sad effects of delay), after a short repast (too short indeed at any time but this for so great & Heroicall a Prince) his MaL^ left this Towne going on the way that leads towards Dorchester. In wch he had not rid past half a mile, ere, by the finger of Divine Providence he was directed into a narrow lane, on the left hand of Dorchester Road : By wch meanes (though they knew not whither they went) they were that evening safely con- ducted to Broad-windsor a country parish some six miles north of Bridport.* They very fortunately lighted upon an Inne, where both the inn- holder & his wife were well known to Coll : Wyndham, they having formerly been servants to some of his Allies. The Coll : being confi- dent he had an interest in them, upon the account of his former knowledge of them, and the relation they sometimes had to some of his kindred, persons of no mean quality, requested that hee & his com- pany might that night be lodged in the most convenient rooms for * This is the clearest and most precise of all the indications of Lee Lane as the scene of the "Miraculous Divergence" of Tuesday, September 23, 165 1. The Letter of William Ellesdon privacy theyr house would afford. Telling tliem that himself & his Brother Colonel Bullen Reymes (meaning my Lord Willmot who very much resembled him) had transgrest theyr 1 mits. The Royalists at that time being confined with 5 miles distance from their homes. This they readily condescended to, and thereupon led them to the upper- most chambers in their house. Yet here the face of danger was againe discovered to them, for they had not been housed much above half an houre & before a Company of Troopers (to the number of 4c) came thither, with an intention to quarter in this & other houses adjacent. Which accident might in all likelyhood have proved fatall to his Ma'J (the Souldiers everywhere about that time being proudly in(|uisitive into the names, qualities, affairs and businesses of strangers) had not God in his infinite mercy incapacitated them for such like actings here, by cutting out work of another nature for them. For having a woman in theyr company, who not long after theyr coming th ther fell in travaile, and was delivered of a child : the Officers & other inhabitants of the said parish (having notice thereof) contested so lon|r with them, about free- ing their parish from the Burthen of its miintenance, till sleep & drouzynesse had rendered theyr heads unfit for anything but theyr pillowes. Upon which whilst they soundly jlept, his Ma^J together with his Attendants arising some houers before day, and taking the opportunity of that time of silence retired themselves undiscovered unto Trent. Where after his Ma!? had concealed him jelf about a weeke he departed thence to one Mistress Hyde's near Salisbury. What after- wards passed I must needs leave to others that had the honor to know it, being myself unable to spinne the thread of this History any longer. Thus have I (Right Honourable) without the least violation of Truth's Chastity made a brief Collection of thore never to be forgotten miracles Providence wrought by the hands ol' Omnipotency for the 185 The Royal Miracle Conservation of his most Sacred Mail in the midst of the many Perills he was exposed to in the West of Dorset, which came within my Cognizance, which I humbly lay (such as it is) at yor Lordships feet, being hereunto prompted upon the following considerations. First that I might present yor Honor with some new matter for your meditations, having frequently observed yor Lordship to be much delighted both in moving & also in hearinge discourses upon this subjects. Secondly that yor Lordship by recounting in the hearing of others these Dei Magnalia may quicken & excite them to a serious minding & due improvement of the Infinite wisdome, power & good- nesse of the Most Highe God (the great preserver even of Kings) manifested in wt hath been the subject matter of the precedent Narra- tive. Lastly, that I might leave in yor Honors hands some monument of my reall gratitude for the many Favors yor Lordship hath been pleased to conferre on me. But it is time for me to remember what the Poet said to his Augustus In publica commoda peccem, Si longo sermone mover tua tempora Lest, therefore, I showld offend through my unseasonable pro- lixity, having first with all submission craved yor Lordships Pardon for this my great Presumption in tendering to yor Lordship whom the world justly esteems so absolute a Master of Speech, such a rude & unpolisht Story, I shall only begg the honour to subscribe myself. My Lord Your Lordships Most humbly devoted servant Will : Ellesdon * IX Captain Gregory Alford's Narrative of the Adventures of Charles II in West Dorset,* September, 1651 (Transcribed from the MS. in the Bodleim Library) * For further particulars concerning William Ellesdon see Appendix VIII, pp. 295-6. 186 * See Historical Introduction, ante, pp. 42-3, and /d : and the Gent, that since married M" Coni igsby, both living, hath affirm d that he hath often heard his wife say, what is above inserted of what past at S' Hugh Windham's: for she was told it after the King's Escape by S' Hugh, & the Ladies, that were soused by the Troopers Limbry, the Master, hath depos'd before a M' in Chancerv s.nce his Ma.i='. happy Return) in the presence of several persons now living, that directly, nor indirectly he never received one penny of Money of M' Ellesdon, nor of any other on r aforesaid Contract : but that he had earned away the Gentlemen (so call'd; had he had the money agreed for, w- he was to have received at Charmouth; & that whatever hath been sett forth to the contrary was notoriously false, and laid the blame wholly upon M' Ellesdon, for not comn,ing to Charmouth to perform y Agreem' made w* him.t * (f- 3) t For fiirther particulars concerning Gresonr Alforrf M.«n,- „f i • ™' ■" •S'SS and N 193 MS mx WW w Mr. Robert Phelipps's Narrative of the Occurrences between September i^ and October 15, 1651 (From the original MS. in the Bodleian Library) i 1 MR ROBERT PHELIPPS'S* ACCOUNT OF KING CHARLE'S LEAVING TRENT FOR BRIGHTHELMSTOI^E t On Thursday y« 25th of Sept: 1651. Y* then Lord Wilmot afterward Earle of Rochester was sent by his Majestic from Trent in Sommersetshire > « house of Coll. Francis Wyndham to Salisbury to M^ John Couentry and Coll. Robert Phelipps vpon notice giuen by M"" Edward Hyde brother in law to Coll: Fra: Windham that he had y« day before senn his father Phelipps (for soe he vsually called him) at Salisbury returned to his family and was permitted by y= Committee tD remaine soe, y"= vnfor- tunat bussiness of Worcester hauing quieted their feares and iealosies. My Lord first came in y« euening to M^ Couentry who sent presently for Coll. Phelipps in y» interim my Lord had discoursed his errand with M' Couentry. When y« Coll: [sic MS.] came and my Lord and he had saluted M' Couentry said I will goe into y« next room and take a pipe of tobaco and leaue you together for a while. Then my Lord asked y^ Coll: whether he could helpe a gentleman in distress out of y« kingdom. Y« Coll. answered he WDuld willingly giue him the best directions he could being a duty one Gentleman owed another ♦ The name of the well-known family to which Rotiert Phelipps belonged is now spelled Phelips. In Foster's J/umni Oxon. the name of Robert Phelipps is given as above, but by Gardiner as Phelippes. Robert Phelipps of Montacute was born 5 February, 161 8, and died 2 1 June, 1707, and was buried in Bath Abbey. H e was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. His name does not occur amongst the propoied Knights of the Royal Oak, but that of his brother Edward does, along with that of Colonel Humphrey Bishop of Chi combe, Bndport. Robert Phelipps was admitted as a >-eUow Commoner at Wadham College, 1633 (Somerset), and matriculated 24 October, 1634. He is described as the son of Robert Phelipps of Montacute, Kt., aged fifteen. He graduated B.A. 15 February, 1636/7. He resided in the Middle Chapel Chamber. He became a barrister of the Inner Temple in 1661, was M.P. for Stockbridge 1661-78, and for Andover i68«;-7. t [MS. Eng. Hist. c. SI.] ^ ' (fol. 3) The Royal Miracle but was cold enough, (hauing vnderstood y' the Lord had too warmly ingaged with Argueles faction in Scotland) which y' Lord quickly perceiued, and then told him, I am commanded to be free with you, and to let you know y* y^ King is at Trent and knows not how to dispose of him selfe, he will committ himselfe to you to provide for his securitie, at which the Coll: was amazed and could not vndertake soe hazardous a promise without great apprehensions of what might not only possibly but probably (as things then stood) vnfortunatly fall out, but considering it was a riske which must be vndertaken (fol. 4) or y« * King be lost, he told y^ Lord he would vndertake it assuring him y if y' King miscaried in his hands the willing sacrificing of his owne life shuld beare testimonie to his truth and sinceritie. So the discourse being ended M^ Couentrye came in and said Well gentle- men are you agreed twas answered yeas, and after some discourse of y« Scoth affaires M' Cou: and y« Coll: bid y« Lord good night; and early in y morning the Coll: went to Southampton to one M' Home a marchant in y« towne who was a very good acquaint- ance of y^ Coll: but he being out of towne and intending to bee at home y» next day y Coll: left a letter for him importing y^ he had earnest bussiness to speake with him, and was only gonn to Coll. S^ Barbes 6 miles from Southampton whither he desired him to come to him y« next day if he came home time enough. M"^ Home returning home early next morning was soe freindly as presently to come to Coll. S* Barbs and found them at dinner ; after they had dined. Coll. Phelipps and M' Home walked into y« garden and ye Coll. hauing acquainted him y* he had occasion of a barke to cary himselfe and a friend or two into France, he after some pa[use ?] answered there is such a man who is now at home and his barke, soe honest a fellow y* I would trust ten thousand liues, if I were master of as many, in his hands ; and I will make hast home and speake with him, then said y^ Coll: doe not only speake with him but come to some agreement with him. M' Home answered I will and 198 Mr. Robert Phelipps* s Narrative because I would not haue you appeare soe much in y^ towne I will bring him to you to morrow by 3 of y' clock in y* afternoone to Redbridge next day being Sunday y^ Coll: meet M' Home and the master of y= Barke at y^ time and place ap pointed, where M' Home quickly stroke vppe y^ bargaine betweene y*' Coll: and y^ master of y*^ Barke, which was 40^^ his barke was on shoare and soe he desired some mony in hand to prouide his vessell men, and prouisions, y* Coll: gaue him 20^*- M"" Home was to pretend he imployed him into France and [t]he master was to proiide a boat to bring his freight from y^ new forrest aboard his barke .... ing to fall down .... between *Southampton and Calshott castle on Wensday ye Coll: promised to returne to see whether all things were ready, as he promised they shuld [be], but such was y^ sad euent of this essay y* at y* CoUonels returne on Wendesday he found y^ barke pressed to carry prouisions to y^ fleet which then lay against Jersey vnder ye command of Gen: Blake then y^ Coll. tiought it vnsafe to make any new attempts there and soe returned againe to Salisbury, where vpon aduise with M"^ Couentrye and D"^ H";nchman, after Bishopp of London, twas resolued to attempt y* Sussex: coast, and to y' purpose ye Coll: proposed to make vse of the in:erest of his good freind ye faythfuU and Loyall Coll. Gunter, who lued nere Chichester and twas approued Coll. Gunter being well cnowen to the reuerend Doctor, whervpon Coll. Phelipps writes his letter to Coll. Gunter, and dispatched it to him by one M"^ Hycie a Loyall minister, [sic MS.] and in ye interim whilest Coll. Gunter was acting his part to prouide ye vessell Coll. Phelipps went d^wne to Trent to bring ye King from thence whither he came on p-e fifth of October being Sunday and next morning ye King M'* Ccnisby (who formerly rid behind his Majestic to Lyme) Henry Peeten; Coll. Wyndhams seruant went with ye Coll. toward Salisbury, ye Coll. knowing all y^ country perfectly well brought them in such priua: ways y* they came nere very few houses, only the King being hungry would needs goe into 199 (fol. 3«>) k««S:i The Royal Miracle Meere* (which could haue bin left on y^ left hand) and there at a true loyall Inkeepers they dined, and after dinner y* Coll: conducted them * I am enabled to add some new details as to the presence of Charies II at the George Inn at Mere m the afternoon of Monday, October 6, 1651. In Lawrence Echard's History of Englariii ^reserycd in the library attached to the ancient and particularly interesting parish church at Mere we are told that : — " The Travellers about Noon arrived at Mere, a little Market Town in Wiltshire, and dined at the George Inn, the Keeper of which was known by the Colonel to be faithful. He sat at the Table with the King, and discoursing with the Colonel told him the News. 'That he heard the Men cf Westminster, notwithstanding their Victory at Worcester, were in a great Maze not knowing what had become of the King ; but the most received opinion was, that he was come in Disguise to London, and many Houses had been searched for him there,' at which his Majesty was observed to smile. After Dinner he familiarly asked the King, * If he were a friend to Caesar ? ' to which his Majesty answering * Yes,' then said he, * Here is a Health to King Charles ' in a Glass of Wine ; which his Majesty and the Colonel both pledged ; and so taking Horse, at Night they arrived at Hele." The George Inn has undergone little material change in its internal arrangements since 165 I, although a few years ago the old sign was very unfortunately changed to that of the « Talbot." Mr. T. H. Baker, whose "Notes on the History of Mere " are unusually valu- able, gives me the followbg information concerning Christopher Phillips, the genial host of the " George," who proved so loyal a "friend to Caesar." The name of Phillipps first appears in the Churchwardens' Accounts of 1636 as purchasing a seat in the church. From that time he was privileged to provide the wine for the Visitatic>n dinners. In a survey of the Dean s property in 1 640 Christopher Phillips is the tenant of the " George " and the land still let with it. Entries of payments to Phillips for the bread and wine used for sacramental purposes are of frequent occiirrence. Six of the children of Christopher and Sarah Phillips were baptized at Mere from 1639, and two of them were buried there. Christopher Phillips was buried at Mere on 26 May, 1664, and his widow died twelve years later. Although mine host of the " George " survived the Restoration, he does not seem to have clamoured for or received any personal reward for his loyalty in 165 1. But Mere does not seem to hate been altogether forgotten by the " Merry Monarch." On August 25, 1828, the SaRsbury and Winchester Journal informed its readers that : — " On Sunday last the town and vicinity of Mere experienced a great treat by several merry peals from the Church bells, in consequence of the arrival, on the Friday previous, of a new bell cast by Mr. Kingstone, bell- founder, of Bridgwater ; and it is confidently hoj)ed that under the superintendence of Mr. Hayter, organist, Mere will revive in the art of bell-ringing, for which they were formerly 80 famous. One of the bells bears the date of 1670, and it is generally supposed to have been presented to the inhabitants on the restoration of Charles II for their loyalty to their lawful, much beloved, though unfortunate Sovereign, who concealed himself about this part of the country, and frequently honoured Mere with his royal presence, though then deprived of its externals." On October 6, 191 1, the present Vi:ar of Mere, the Rev. F. E. Trotman, presided at a luncheon given at the " George " on the occasion of the unveiling of a tablet 200 a ■ .J X < X U b. O < H X o o ^ 5 ^ bCr = 5 ^ .£ Mr. Robert Phelipps's Narrative a priuate way to Heale 3 myles distant from Salisbury y^ house of y» widdow Hyde a worthy discreet Loyall Lady whether D^- Hench- was come to prouide for theire reception, hence y«= next day man recording the presence there of Charles II on the same diy and hour b 1651. Two enormous seventeenth-century spits were found suspended over the broad fire-place of the kitchen. In ail probability they are 8urvi>'or8 of the Caroltan fiimiture. On October 6, 191 1, the bell of 1670 was duly rung as a part of a magnifictnt peal. ♦ Humphrey Henchman (i 592-1675) was the son of Thomas Henchman, of London, skinner, a native of Wellingborough, Northamptonshire. There is some doubt as to the exact place of his birth, but he was educated at Clare Hdl, Cambridge, and became a Fellow of his college. In 1622 he was made « chanter" of Salisbury, and in 1628 pre- bendary of South Grantham in the same cathedral. It setms probable that in 1641 he held the rectory of Portland, Dorset, for the only other ; Humphrey Henchman whose name appears in the family tree is obviously of a later date. The devotedness with which he endeavoured to assist the escape of Charles II in October, 165 1, is attested both in the accounts of Anne Wyndham and Robert Phelipps. We hear little of him between that date and October 28, 1660, when he was consecrated Bishop of Salisbury. Three years later he succeeded Sheldon as Bishop of London. He was also mad * King's Almoner and a Privy Councillor. He died at London House, Aldersgate Street, October 7, 1675, and was buried in Fulham Church, where no other Bishop of London is interred. Thirty years later Bowack wrote that "so great is the Veneration they hav.- for his Memory, that several who knew him cannot Mention his Name, even now, without unusual Concern." He held the see of London during both the Great Plague and the Great Fire. The latter destroyed London House, and Dr Henchman defrayed the cost of the new chapel. The death of Bishop Henchman is thus recorded in the register; "1675. Humphrey Henchman, Lord Bishop of London, departed this life at his house in Aldersgj te Street, London, on the 7th day of October, and lyes buried in the south He of Fulham Church under a black marable stone, bu: 13 Oct." On the demolition of the old church in H80 the monument, which had disappeared since 1795, although surrounded by an ♦^iron pal sado," was discovered. The Latin inscription on it may be thus translated :— " Sacred to P ous Memory, In assured hope of the Resurrection, here lie the remams of Humphrey Henchman, Bishop of London, venerable alike for his gravity and for his pastoral clemency (legible in his very countenance), and also for the sanctity of his life. He was of weD-trie) Harry Peters returned home y* day. "^Y^ same euening hauing safely deliuered y^ King into y^ hands of D*^ Henchman, Coll: Phelips went to see what success Coll. Gunter had in his negotiation which he found at his coming to haue bin very prosperous, for by y^ meanes of a Kinsman of his M^ Thomas Gunter, and one M' Francis Mansell a Marchant M"" Tettershalls, was prouicled to bee ready nere Broad- hempson with his barke at a conuenient place to take in y* intended freight, with which ioyfull news Coll. Phelipps returned to Salisbury on y^ 12^ of October and y« same euening D^ Henchman went to Heale to giue notice of y« success and to prouide y^ King to bee ready at the meadow gate opening into y« riuer, where Coll. Phelipps would bee by 2. or 3. of y« clocke in y^ morning with a lead horse for y* King, accordingly y« Coll: came to y= place at y' time appointed but had y* misfortune to haue y* Kings horse breake his bridle and run vpp y* riuer which he in some short time recouered and brought him back, but then how to mend y^ broken bitt was noe small trouble but at lenght with a strong ribbon which M'« Hyde helpt them too all things were in a tolerable manner amended and y' King and y« Coll: set forward for Bradhempson and y* euening nere Hamilton in Hamp- shire they meet with Coll. Gunter and y« Lord Wilmott and his seruant Ro: Swann, who went to a worthy Royalists house who had serued y« king throughout y« whole war M"^ Laurence Hyde of Hinton in Caterington parish 2. days before ; Coll. Gunter carried y* King and Company to one M'" Simonds house who had married y* Collonels sister a most harty Loyall woman where they were well 202 ^j ^iM. -fj w □i *i ^ ^ ^ :i:l -.Jl o IB ^ *J nJ '*«-' 'Slii?!''''^ / -k u X H en < en Q Z Li O Q« O O z 5 z O a: ai en u H Q 2 < en H U en D O X u _; u o z ^3 K 3 H Z u u H z u u H z > en u X H 1 ^ Q Z D O O ^ i *tmA Mr, Robert Phelipps^s Narrative treated and next morning very early went on theire iourney to Broad- hempson where they all arriued at night, but Coll. Phelipps left them y* night ther toke shipping and went for London to send some monys to meet y^ King at Rouen, {sic MS.] y« next dsy they safly landed some few leagues from Deipe in Normandy, wience they went to Rouen, where Coll. Phelipps letters with a bill of exchange meet them: [so MS. end5\ [There are many alterations and corrections in the above, which are not noticed, but which seem to prove the documeQt is Robert Phelipps's autograph.] T 203 ill' . 11 M !1 I CHARLES II. THANKSGIVING SONG* King of Great Britain. Because God had brought him to France, out oi' the hands of his hostile subjects, by the help of a nobl; lady. To the melody : " Come to me, said the Son of God." In the year 1651. 1. From my mouth shall always come eternal thanks and praise to the King of Earth and Ocean. That he did not let me fall into the hands of those, who persecuted me and shattered my courtry. 2. Oh, wonder of the world ! My army was slain ; money was offered ; scourging and chains were threatened tc those who would not deliver me up. But the Lord in Heaven s;iw fit to save me, unhappy one. 3. He brought me to a tree. It is now like a dream of heavy sleep to me, how I saw my enemy pass by and some of my people being captured and others were cut down. I did just as the birds, that do not fly out of 1 heir holes until the storm is over. Thus, on account of my mighty enemies, I had to stay more than a day and night in this hole. * The original of this booklet, in the British Museum, is io German. It has been translated by Miss M. L. Arthur. 207 iH The Royal Miracle 5. Alas ! I thought to myself during this time. What are we to Thee, Oh Lord. How soon Thou canst strike us down. Only- yesterday I was Lord of three kingdoms and oh horror ! now I am like a deer full of fear and trembling. 6. After a day and night I left the tree and looked for a larger place and also for some nourishment for my stomach. Then the power of God brought me to the house of a lady, to whom I am very grateful. 7. She was not a Jael, full of deceit, who after first showing honour to Sisera, broke his head. She also knew quite well that I was not a Sisera who destroyed Israel. 8. This woman was truer to me than I can say that you, Britain, ever was to me during my whole life. This woman shall also through all time carry off the price for faithfulness and honour, before all men. 9. She took me in, gave me food and rest, although she was in fear and trembling for my enemies. But her faithfulness prevailed and this woman I give joyfully praise and honour before my enemies. 10. She altered my hair and my clothes and rode with great courage on her horse through the country in front of me and my faithful ones. She was called Lord and we servants, to avert suspicion. 2o8 Song of Thanksgiving II. We rode through the middle of the town, as the enemy would be less likely to look for us there and there the darger would be least. Only fancy how I must have felt and how my heart was beating ! 12. We saw our flags. We saw the accursed jlace where CaroU* went to his death. The great CaroU. Yes, 1 slill saw that passion for blood that followed me as a heritage from Carcll. 13. I saw them rejoice in this town, because I !iad lost the battle. I also saw many a pious one who had to simulate a joy that was not in his heart. 14. I saw the great Parliament that was considered such a happy one. What 1 thought to myself cannot easily be expresi ed. I held up my right [hand] and guarded my head. 15. Thus the Lord struck the enemy's face that h<; looked for me but found me not, although I was there all the same. T-lay the Lord strike him blind and obstruct the roads and paths for him, as long as he lives and is striving after my life. 16. Thus I groaned and the Lord listened to the prayer that was in my heart and graciously brought me to a man, thrDugh whom I got a ship and escaped to France where I was safe. ♦ CarolU Charles I. O 209 The Royal Miracle May the joy of Heaven be with you, you dead heroes, who did right by me and my country. The others., who only simulated friend- ship, have got their reward and the spurn and scorn of all men. My thanks to you, you faithful pair of friends, who were true to me when my head was in great danger on British soil. My thanks to you, my Wilmot, for your will and courage^ your faithfulness shall be rewarded. 19. Let our mouths always sing eternal thanks and praise to the King of Earth and Ocean. That he did not let me fall into the hands of those, who persecuted me and shattered my country. * Pun on the name Wilmot, spelt " Willmuht " in the original. Muht = courage. XII The Last News from France (Roxborough Ballads, Vol III 2IO » a THE LAST NEWS FROM FRANCE. Being a true relation of the escape of the Kin 5 of Scots Wocester to London^ and from London to France, who was conveyed away by a young Gentleman (sic) in Womans Apparel : the King of Scots Attend- ing this supposed Gentlewoman in manner of a Serving man. The Tune is, When the King injjyes etc \Tfvo rude oval WoodcuU of a lady much patched and of a you/h.] All you that do desire to know What is become of the King of &:ots, I unto you will truly show After the fight of Northen Rats Twas I did convey His Highness away. And from all dangers set him free , In womans attire As reason did require And the King himself did wait on me. He often a service did crave and oftimes to me stood bare In woman's apparel he was most brave and on his chin he had no hare , Where-ever I came My speeches did frame So well my waiting man to free The like was never known I think by anyone, For the King &c. 213 I ^il The Royal Miracle My waiting man a Jewel had Which I for want of money sold, Because my fortune was so bad. We turned our Jewel into gold, A good thrift indeed In time of our need, Then glad was I, and glad was he, Our cause it did advance Until we came to France And the King &c. We walked through Westminster Hall where Law and Justice doth take place. Our grief was great, our courage small, we lookt grim death all in the face, I looked round about And made no other doubt But I and my man should taken be, The people little knew As I may tell to you. That the King himself did wait on me. \Page 11 y a rough woodcut of a man on her se back, rich costume and trappings.^ From Thence we went to fatal place Where his Father lost his life, And then my man did weep apace and sorrow with him then was rife, I bid him peace Let sorrow cease For fear that we should taken be, The Gallants in Whitehall Did little know at all, That the King himself did wait on me. The King he was my Serving-man and thus the plot we did contrive, I went by the name of Mistris Anne ^hen we took water at Queen-Hive, 214 The Last News from France A Boat then we took And London forsook, And now in France arrived are we, We got away by stealth. And the King is in good heilth And he shall no longer wait on iie. The King of Denmarks dead the 7 say the Charles is like to Rule the Land In France he will no longer stay as I do rightly understand. That Land is his due If they be but true And he with them do well agree : I heard a bird sing If he be once their King My man will then my master be. Now Heaven grant them better { uccess With their young King than En| land had. Free from war & from distress then fortune may not be so bad, Since the case thus stands Let neighbouring Lands Lay down their Arms and at quiet be. But as for my part, I am glad with all my heart That my man must now my Mas :er be. And thus I have declar'd to you by what means we escap'd awry, Now we bid our cares adieu though the King did lose the .lay, To him I was true And that he well knew, Tis God that must his comfort \ e. Else all our Policy Had been but foolery. For the King he no longer waits on me. London Printed for IV Thackerajy T. Passenger^ ai d Mr. Wlutwood. 215 % ■u His Magesties Miraculus Preservation By the Oak, the Maid, and Ship il HIS MAJESTIES MIRACULOUS PFlESERVATION By the Oak, the Maid, and Ship. THE OAK. Absalom rebell'd against the King, An Oak betray'd him to a suffering : Boughs hang'd him first ; then Joabs Dirt, Thrice striking wounded his perfidious Heart. When Second CHARLES by Rebels lost the Field, An Oak 'gainst Rebels was to him a Shie d : It open'd wide, and in the Hollow where Once lay its Heart, the King concealed there Men may suspend their thoughts, Trees can define Rebellion sinful, Royalty Divine. THE MAID. The Oak discharged his Trust : a female found (Men are but Trees inverted from the Ground) Who next takes care : the weaker seems :he Hand,) The Sun was then on Virgo; Heavens Ms .id Sent down a potent Influence & Aid : They both agree : Acted by Starry Migh: Lady Jatu Lane conducts the King in spight Of Armed Bands, safe through the numeious force, Of Those who King from Kingdom woul i divorce, William was seen : as if sh' had the gyges tling. Invisible went Royal CHARLES the Kinx. In vain ye search. Bloodthirsty Men, to fiad Vailed Majesty her Virtue makes you blind j Her Faith out-acts your Malice ; and you • Swords, First drawn are melted by her softest Wc rds Silence in France of Oreleans Tone the Fame Whilst Englande doth record the Worth of Lane. 219 The Royal Miracle THE SHIP. Poor Cottage of the Sea, We admire thee, Not from thy State, or Pomp, or Pedigree ; About thy Deck, no Statues grace thy hold. No Mermaids with their combs ; no Stars that make Sometimes the Sea becalm, sometimes to Quake ; No Pontick Maels, whose towering Summits shew How high the Suns above the Sea below. Thy Oaky Ribs swell not the Forests Pride Nor canst thou boast of th' Ankers by thy side. Nor Royal sails : Ships framed by Art most Wise, Are thus enobled of the Vastest Size. Thy low condition, various is from them ; Once thou secur'dst our King, the best of Men. Thy Glory is, though mean, yet strong hast stood *Gainst Rage of Tempests, and 'gainst Waves of Blood, When Lyons, Tygers and those Beasts of prey. Hunted his Life, and most would him betray. Talk now no more of Theseus Ship no more. Of that which brought Prince Lothbrook to our shore : Drown ye the fame of former Ships, none yet Strange to relate before so small, so great : Worthy of Water more renowned than Thames^ Though she like Tagus yielded Golded Sandes. If Springs of Helicon could make a Main Thou shouldst ride there. Muses by their Brain Wouldst make thee more then \j'tc\ mortal their sweet Breath Would fill thy sails, and long preserve from Death Depths are above the clouds, those Waters there May suit thee well. Worthy the Starry Sphere : But if in place beneath the moon thou rest. Which, for admiring Visitors is best, Gaz'd on by thousands ; and when aged Time Thy Body shall dissolve, and Limbs unturne. May Seamen holy Relicts \sic\ them account, And with them still the Waves when high the mount ; Each piece an Omulet 'gainst shipwracks harm Will stand ; 'gainst Winds and Rocks a Charm. By John Couch M. in A. Sequestered from Housmonden, Kent. Acquired by the Britiah Museum 32.9.49. Sutt Col. ii. 38. 220 XIV To His Sacred Majestic Loyal Reflections To HIS Sacred MAJESTIE LoYALL Reflections UPON y His Glorious Restauration, Procession Ik Coronation Not forgetting the Royal Oake* 1660 Worsters miraculous escape spoke loud, Had not Rebellion ears deaf and hearts /ra«/: A sacred Brand snatcht from a field of fire Not to be unkin^d^ but be humbled higher ; "When this strange Rescue made the Tyrant sweat Who vowed, without the King, 'twas no d ;feat. Had onely put heaven to some new expense, To sanctifie long prophaned Providence. Thou foundst proud Monster, one good A igel then Was a Z,£^-guard above an Hoast of men Blest Oakel thou Monarch of the British G rove, Sacred to Charles (thy Guest) as once, to Jove; Thou Bultuark of our little world! does sund, Or move impregnable by Sea & Land. Thou vegetive Soul! whose glory 'tis & pride To suffer wounds or sink, not to divide : O were our Rationals hearted like thee, We should not such Schisms & Divisions see, Whose branches Ogleby's rich fancy made Bear Crownes for Nuts; but thy best Fruit was shade: When Charles lodg'd in thy Boughs, thou :ouldst not want Many degrees to be a sensible Plant. * In the collection of A. M. BroadleA-. The Royal Miracle O mayst thou never be transplanted more, Never touch Earth, except thy Native Shore! When we are dead, mayst thou survive behind, To tell the world how Atones & Oakes were kind, When Men & Saints were Devils ! O be thou The King of woods, and let the Cedar bow ; Live, and henceforth the Tree of Life present, Or if thou dyest, stand thy own Monument. Hence prophane Ravens, neve.T dare to Croak Upon the streamers of our Sacred Oaie, Or when you dare, O let your ominous breath Presage not Mans or Beasts , but your own death ! Whose Branches sav'd three Kingdoms & a King Frequent this Tree ye sweetest Birds that sing. Coy Daphne die to use; the Oait shall now Crown both the Poets & the Conquerors brow. Blest Tree ! When Age has hoar'd thy sides, grown thin Has nothing left thee, but bare rits & skin. Within thy Concave may chaste spirits dwell, And there fix an unerring oracle. Since (part o* th* world) thou too must mortall be, Stand both alive & dead a Vocal' Tree : And let the Nations tremble at our Stroakes Who have (what they all want) such Hearts & Oaks. 1 224 XV Some other Political Broadsides of 1651— 2 .^l I ifi I'll A MAD DESIGNE OR. ) rA ' A Dcicription of the Rino; of Scots marcUin^; m hiv Dil guile, a Rou. u »Jjicr. \Vi,h the Part.culcr.«W He w«. '^Q^J'lff':^'^'' Comjanyd.d. c»ery J»r ' Itc) tl lie t Ik. jfk-nihtClufcr. >> * MiWMMh |r«n««ii. _ _^ *rt Hrtfc b>« (■>** •P" Off trtiimmt md /t.mi . mU tie* l^ m -c •^r* E«rtTf. K41 IN- iiT 1 .1 . II. 1 - .4 t.*c . •nit ih' .litt ■;«.'(* i"^ *"4 '^- (.V ~.-fc« »J I •*»" ■ I . I'lT <». e-f !»** V*i. wVir-t tfct **••- s»Ao'H-*<'"- .V - : r- - hut:: Ui! iipu. c>. '-r ■ ■•■ ■') 'J^- Bt3/r Kii f-te. «-i "^ t *. i^ r«X»cr OrwUl M.>. -rj the Imit Inm \ni ^ -wk«!! U- l.r - '■, i--vl«he tHL«<-f Cm--'.-** *•:» ''".CJiM c^.x.x;'* . , 1. TK :*o ti ■ ■«*';•«" aft* WiU » Fo ilf .» -i tk .>i»:r ■ To»rfc.fc:lor*'t; fO*..: 'i. ttw-i'i^ tViuwi" »»^»'«» "Jh^ufa « Ctrl • la 1. kTK-. «tvi «Urt ktW t'^B^-t-tix »• . > - llV^ ^ ;' t -JWI, iH »■ j K >cb lU V^Jf fill U« LnJ iTkcw er.TAiiv M tk djoft K-i, J. *l!*. . I.*. (;> J» - 1 7<*«rt«.>.e-v^iMj*'f>*.M( r*Mtrf M^NiJ (iwki, I ■ . r.j M. -ri .'I th^ V r<«. j <■■•< K> irttfw'. .-Jt^>^ 4iy«*ot Str*'"**' "^if I. 1 h*ii4i rdivii. mJ J ii »ltM . lelS't ki t - I; ri": I, ■• Ik Iff. QtpMity 'f^MilM M.«)-ir iM*i»ixtr ?•;/ f^iw ttmiu '/I firt (f •fttr t3 bu Cttmn . I Ktvir Afx»uf4 trnmfff* ' ■ /<.;'•, Af »fT . (^m l4mi,tim ■ /n «•-« wffc >tvrjJ ^ .,'iai| f/,/ •■».'-'i*.w#.i-»wc. ui th*' .it U,i It ^! u lUs^ tm , *'j ii'rr it^ -iMtd i:»tit- f,w t> * Citjl. (• M f*0 f*4« NT. / ■ Wi'iTM k»d ftvi^ 4 *ii4' ■ hfj"l4f4 Hitt!iiii»m» ^f l-tthJr.Kl'im ■- .-^"-i t. '. - %<, ithr Crmp^a^ t* rUmt't « -•J. «» jMd /- »• • .: '^ '»«•«(- r tM t4Uff • < IWu'i.mln kuk »,■■:■ Id.).* l*ft-l \» .. \ y ' tm J lw^,k I tiiytl. vit;ik>:itvt4jaw. .- ta it iWi- M.tk*Mwk... w'buB the «■>- i« l.s< V.oKfljjU i.yl»4i*;>!'>-4*«»he..- V«j(' ted kc Urt^^ «.'* n» ,' :l- y }.tT,K,;*". -■;!;. U W * kV.,jK-. I* It. I)j .KfW .IcWi - ) IciWT'CIC' i'-v t^- f -.:■■■-. .^: M.i ,. - ■ :'»ie ■ ' i Hat IW-I ...itlr I. I. ■ '. L-. Ik Ji I ' I : A ,. . . .... i 1.',! U-t . . 1 U M tni 01. I us DC N A Roundhead Broadside published after the Battle of Worcester, November 6, 1651, by Robert Ibbitson, London {From the original in the British Museum) SOME OTHER POLITICAL BROADSIDES OF 165 1-2 TN addition to the broadsheets included in thi ; volume there are some others in the British Museum, which scarcely merit reproduction in their entirety. The first of these bears the title of ne Mad Designe^ and purports to be "A description of the Kin^j of Scots marching in his Disguise, after the Rout at Worcester, With the Particulers where He was, and what He and his Company did, every day and night after He fled from Worcester." The quaint wood-cut which heads it is reproduced as an illustration. The account given of the King's wanderings is wholly imaginary, and it contains no allusion either to Boscobel or the Royal Oak. A journey to Bristol with a lady is hinted at, and the fugitives are made to reach London about "the twenty th September." Charles is said to have visited Westminster Hall, where the captured Roydist colours were dis- played. Lord Wilmot having hired a ship for ;f 120, the King having taken leave of " and thanked the Lady with many salutations and promises, to Graves-end they went, and from thence on, and a ship-board. As soon as my Lord was entrel the Barque^, and the King as his Servant, the Master of the vessel came to my Lord, and told him, that he knew the King, and told him, That in Case it should be known he could expect no mercy ; which saying troubled them : But at length what with money and promist s, they prevailed, and so set sail for Havre de Grace, where they landed ; and from thence to Rouen, where they cloathed themselves." A second broadside is entitled " A List 3f the Princes, Dukes, Earls, Lords, Knights, Generals, Maior Genenlls, &c., and Colonells, of the Scots Kings party slaine and taken Prisor ers." It was published 227 The Royal Miracle in 1 65 1, and of the ten portraits given below the title the first is that of William, Duke of Hamilton, who died at the Worcester Commandery. There is an emblematical figure of Death enthroned, and the foUowing supposed proclamation as a warning to the Royalists : — By His Majesty Death Hieroglyphix. A PROCLAMATION: Whereas the Crown and Scepter of England, Scotland, and Ireland have so often been taken from me, notwithstanding all my Re- inthronisations, and I have been still laid by, yet now my victorious sword hath placed me in tryumph, where I sit clothed with the Royall Robes, and weare the Crown without disturbance, where Women are my Companions, and the bones of all the dead my Subjects. If therefore any of the generation of Charles Stuart, or other English, Irish, or Scots whatsoever, presume to jostle me, or be my Competitor, he shall soon be my Captive ; If the first step be in the Throne the second shall be in the Grave ; 1 have long given warning, but will be at Courtesie no longer ; And now I have begun to set so good footing on this part of the Earthen Globe that I shall attempt to Conquer all Emperors, Kings and Monarches in the World. Given at the Rout at Worcester, the remark- able third day of September 1651 before my Regall Picture. DEATH. To the right of the illustration is the following text :— REVELATION 13. 18. Here is wisdome. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the Beast, for it is the number of a Man, and his number is six hundred three score and six. 228 A Lift of the rrincc^Dukcs. Earls, Lords, Kni!:;lus GcncraN,Mi ficnculls. iScc. an J Colouclls, oflhc Scctt Kiii;< piity fl.iin; anJ ■ -n VtiUoKt Liior I'ROCLAMATION: ■■•,...... « - not- n r»- kiik I ■ h Ihc t tit m>Miat- r. :•■ . DRATll. M..1 , iuT^ u;i.«>-a. Rr, ¥ CI. > rioN i; >'■ Hire iiwiilinw 1^ Iwnllu l.i:h u. .Iti u < / • '.I ;'»1 aw-., <. ^f ,- . .. ■■'.', : , |« ..t'\ I. ..' rrift. /•^r.r-;*.,»*»J .-<./.»•— *«•♦, IH»W "fc- H, *j n»lm. Ilia dot |Mt>1ial<': ..111* MiSTf ALillffi'acraiuily from which C 11 1 !• I t the fcvonJ Iving of 5. I .r.jAcUendd.tkitiiKn (•ilttS-N k-j;- ..1,.,.-. . . h' ■•*■:•■ lKka)tK ..»-jt.ii.^.i^>ii.«t foftti&bf I «'*)t rT% (ijia K^nJi«> M««k>lbf HlM>Ka^ ..I J/,— ilolhilw. I k,-i^....f« rrMiJrici* , Kirf :V«(Adi» anriki r.n i ■•m. ."«« kJI«„v «n ik.. C»»-. J— < k !."< tk 1 .'. KK* tW..>.».i>< *-*»(. »liu»P..,lj.o.41'.|i^. I ..rfl«ili«l<.f-/l<-J Hi.lin-:.f'li.:™«ri,. 5i, |.u,i. I..., <». S« AktimWI ..(■• s., 1 1, i„ 5.1, k., . S«WJ H.. . Si. |..h.. t..*«« i„R.|..l . i», ' (;«««..s o//i.<'>iJ*" ><•( -•• lU, - »i^' - K«4 l.-- ^tl»■ ■ • »..» - )C»l| ■ ii««' ... KIA( .!■(- '■•- ' . 1 1 .1 .'I>tt4 .«d. L >il ixl ^i,l P.i/j .'■'■''■.'">■ iW 11- il ^'1hr•. 1 m! I w'lfJ.k, l-i.k«.,i. I. 1..1. ».»^.. >Jr».>. ilf ' - ■■•■ /3> iiiT' ; > .( .lif u»ir.i.i..M . IniJV. V !»J (1 • ■ ■ t.. 11. , l.iJ c. U-J i4«... 1/.«»Ji lljii' mJ JrtJ I «/ fifir r««-.'< IlluiilUiiiili 1 ' Uiill'inViltrtu . IV..! lk*.n^ iif \ K> Oc.l MI. IK ti.il.^" WiMipOlO'- I. . « .rO Un-.i. |.,u.' ■ ■■ M.I-. 1 V ,^1 < M,,., •. . 1 H.... <■ I \iiBI>lMiMlt-. C.,l.,.-«l I ....' )fl.nil(.n CI «*JI'4. rv.TMirt.».... • ol. k.. I..H •••!■ Col lk1.^ i:.jii..« Col.' a-* Col 1.-..I." tjaii. ii.iii €-.HIl.i.in.m (lu'.IS.l- c.i.««i:"'-i ( ..;..■; i«t:li". ('.JI'...lU.lk loi.s.iVIci -.4 l^.«^e %» «ltk>' A.l-j».ll. lUl. . I.tl bi.lull Co «'••' . M" i.>l ku.'... •■••• Ih..;.. 1..I...J M.)'"' "'.' .«. 1. ' - ■. I' n. ■ 1». .. Ik 1 h.i!1 IVIkx IV.I'«t » IV .^....41 4>-'> I v. Ill l.-!.lk» .•■*.. ,.' i««ii . S«< ,..l«'i ••^ '"■" . ^ I' 1. I iiNOOS tujtm, i'S». Broadside published by Robert Ibbitson, London, early in 1652, giving a List, with Portraits, of those slain or taken prisoner at Wokcester, September 3, 165 1 {From the original in the British Museum) Some Other Political Broads ^'des of i6^i-i Let him that hath but so much Wisdoms as by Arithmaticke to adde so small a Summe, (?) , and he-e he shall finde count it (punctuall) to an Unite. 1. It must be substracted out of the Number which is compre- hended in a Man, and that as he is the Beast. 2. This Number must amount to the jus: Summe of 666. 3. The Scots King coming into England with his Irish Papists, and Presbiterian Kirke, upon the account of the National League and Covenant, And by them proclaimed King of Brittaine ; Exactly beareth this number of the Beast. inc D— — King . . 003 his Irish Papists . 004 nationaLL LeagVe . . 156 anD . 500 presbiterian kirks . 003 666* Below comes " a list of the Family from .vhich Charles the Second King of Scotland descended, that sat on the fai;all Throne of Scotland & came to untimely ends." Charles I occupies :he first place in the roll of unfortunate ends, with King Fergus I "drcwned at Carrickfergus in Ireland." It ends by saying that " this Charles Stuart is but the i loth King that ever was of Scotland, who is l^roclaimed Traytor, and Fugitive in England. His Uncle was poisoned, and his mother and brother both fled, and proclaimed Traytors to England." Then follows a list of about 250 persons "slain, put to death or taken " in connection with Worcester figh :. This broadside was printed by Robert Ibbitson in London and beirs the date 1652. * A century and a half later many hieroglyphic prints of the same character and giving interpretations of the mystic number 666 were published aga inst Napoleon. See NapoUon in Caricature^ by A. M. Broadley. John Lane, London. Vol. II, Chapter ixvii, p. »i8 et sej. 229 : 1 (I The Royal Miracle The third broadside was printed in 1651 by "J. L. Philalethcs." It is entitled : — OLD SAYINGS and PREDICTIONS Verified and fulfilled, Touching the young King of Scotland and his gued subjects. I Jockey turne the stone of all your plots. Jockey. p^^ ^^^^ turnes faster than the turne-coat Scots. Presbyter. We for our ends did make thee King before. Not to rule us, we will not that endure. You deep dissemblers I know what you doe, ^^^^' And for revenges sake I will dissemble too. Beneath this is a rough picture of a Scotch Presbyter holding " young Charles's " nose to the grindstone,* which is being turned by the " Jockey of Scotland." The explanatory verses commence thus : "This Embleme needs no learned Exposition The World knows well enough the sad condition Of regall Power & Prerogative Dead & dethron'd in England, now alive In Scot land y where they seeme to love the Lad, They find more obsequious than his dad," etc. Then follows a dreary argument setting forth the reasons for anticipating the downfall of the younger Charles, and the dire conse- quences to Englishmen if they should be so base as « to suffer this young Pretender to take root again, to bring them back into slavery & monarchall [sic\ bondage too heavy for England's shoulders to bear. . . ." This broadsheet was probably issued very shortly before the Battle of Worcester as a supplementary counterblast to the King's « Declarations to his loving Subjects of the Kingdom of England & the Dominion of Wales," which according to the resolution of Parliament, published two days before the fatal third of September, were to be burned by the Common Hangman. * One hundred and sixty-three years later— in 1814— a caricature showing Bliichcr treating « Litde Boney " in this unpleasant manner enjoyed much popularity both in England and Germany. 230 -a %^ ^ -"=^ Z C 'ii ?'? ^ Z " - nil > y i 'I'"' Pi 3 Sit -J H J- fr ; •; li-U •111 ' S 6 ^^UMsdi^Wi ^ J ^ 3 p£ -5 • i 6 ^ - ■■5 ? a ; 2 1 ? Sl 5 t S °aKZ< s - j r F. i = Hill I - J. ., n\ '^ i' i e " - !*.-i ri o « II f-c I ■•_£ " ^ 3 " g „ ^ - § 5 •■ i = * '" T JO ? ■? -i^tj ■J "-■_;- sJli 5 e -1 »■> I?' ills"' -at i ^- ; i !: •¥ 2 c ■? e i C S r" :c '■• cf -^ * ; r - ^ - " -^ J 5 -= » •S - - !■ "a* . i s-i:? •-• . = si r" ^1 "»■=;« ""r |ips||i tlhnli -« • 5 * .-S- sic . ffliiHp . t' lljlljlt- -1 I- *j -^ c -f ri 12 a J 'ilh-iP^llt-.l'" 7'" - '■ ■!! .11 . •{ las 6 ( f * en Id •J < u b O H u H <; UJ a H (I] X H < 2^ Q H H o s b H O . O 35 c o .J H < ~ ;' ■fe^iifc^Si^aKZlkf^.i*,. ,; =!5 ii c« ^ I APPENDIX I The Escape of Charles II from Worcester on September 3, 1651 (A Paper read at the Commandery, Worcester, on September 2, 19II, by Mr. J. W. Willis Bund, F.S.A.) THE ESCAPE OF CHARLES II FROM WORCESTER September 3RD, 1651. The Scotch Army reached Worcester on 22nd August fortifications had never been repaired since the surren siege of 1646, and were probably not in a state to offer i On 24th August the parishioners of Salwarpe, who v Castle works by their tenure (a liability which had becom fortifications), were ordered to come in and repair the that elapsed between the 24th August and the 3rd Sej done to make the city defensible, exactly how much it is The only part of the city which it is necessary to north-east and the east sides. The main road from Wo through Stourbridge, Kidderminster, Hartlebury, On Barbourne Bridge. It was along this road the Scots Baxter, an eye-witness, says, " The army passed most b breadth off, and the rest through it."* Probably most 01 north or Foregate, which stood as nearly as possible betw Hotel and the Berkeley Hospital. Some may also have c Gate, the east gate, to which there was a road from Ba decided to close the Foregate, and it was stopped, ("murred up" is the expression.) Probably the reason w, in front of it, or of this part of the fortifications, ani defence. It will be noticed that in the old Plan of Worcestt 1 65 1, no outworks are there shown as thrown out in St. Martin's Gate remained the only entrance to the cit] It had to be protected. About half-way down Sanso Catholic Church) there was a bastion. It is shown 01 About this spot a stream came down which formed the The plan shows it starting from the bastion. This ditch continued all along the east side of the , 1 65 1. The walls and ler of the city after the very effective resistance, ere bound to repair the e extended to all the city walls. During the time itember a good deal was not easy to say. :onsider in detail are the -cester to the north came ibersley, and Claines to advanced to Worcester. 7 Kidderminster, a field's them marched in by the ?en the present Hop Pole ome through St. Martin's rbourne Bridge. It was some say "walled up" IS that there was no ditch i it was less capable oi r, as it stood fortified in front of the Foregate. ' from the north or east, me Street (opposite the I the plan, by a tower, east ditch of the town. town; its course is still * Reliquia Baxteriana. The Royal Miracle marked by "Watercourse Alley, as shown in the plan, past St. Martin's Gate, Friar's Gate, Sidbury Gate, until it reached the Frog Brook which formed the Castle ditch and ran into the Severn at Diglis, just below the Cathedral Ferry. From St. Martin's Gate a road ran in a north-easterly direction to Warndon and Crowle, with a branch or branches to Droitwich and Bromsgrove, but the exact line is not clear, a branch leading to Barbourne Bridge. Across the road in front of St. Martin's Gate an earthwork blocking the approach to the gate was thrown out, probably by the Salwarpe men. If the plan is correct, between the Foregate and Friar's Gate three earthworks were made, one in what is now Sansome Street between the Foregate and the Bastion opposite the present Catholic Church, the work outside St. Martin's Gate, and a third work a little way down between St. Martin's and Friar's Gate but much nearer St. Martin's. So that St. Martin's Gate was regarded, and rightly regarded, as being a most important post, and three earthworks were thrown up to defend it. The fact that it was the only way left open for retreat to Scotland accounted for this, so the attention both of the Scots and Parliament Generals would be directed to it. On entering the city through St. Martin's Gate any one who walks up Silver Street will be very nearly in the line of the road, the gate would be at the front where the small side street called St. Martin's Gate now goes off to the left. The ditch, coming down Watercourse Alley across the garden of the Public Hall, would probably be crossed by a drawbridge, certainly by a bridge of some kind, which the earthworks, a " tete du pont," would defend. On passing into the city an open space (the present Corn Market) would be reached \ facing this was a street leading to the Cross, Mealcheapen Street, past St. Swithin's Church, from whence another street (Broad Street and Newport Street) led direct to the river. A parallel street past St. Martin's Church up the Trinity led also to the Cross. It is important to bear these details in mind because it explains why it was that Fleetwood's men when they carried ^Vorcester Bridge at once made for St. Martin's Gate. It was in front of them, no need to turn to the right or left ; its capture would completely cut off the Scotch retreat, for then the Parliamen- tarians would hold the only available exit from the city leading to the north. From the Corn Market, on the left of any one entering the city, was a main street that let direct to the South Gate, Sidbury. This street, now known as New Street and Friar Street, was the direct line of retreat that any fugitives from the fight at the Sidbury Gate would take if they desired to go northwards. The occupation of the Corn Market by the Parliamt.'nt troops would therefore at once cut off the line of the Scots retreat. So Fleetwood on forcing the bridge imme- diately made for the gate. Possibly because it was near the point of escape if necessity arose, or because it was a large house and capable of holding Charles 234 The '* King's House," Worcester, in the eighteenth century {From an etching execu/ed in i8ti) The Escape from IVorcester and his officers, the left hand corner house of the Corn Ilarket was where Charles took up his quarters while in Worcester. The house \'as the town house of the Berkeleys of Spetchley, one of the leading families of Worcester clothiers, one of whom was the judge who had been imprisoned for giving judgment for the Crown in favour of ship money.* Portions of the hojse still remain, one part fronting New Street, and one the Corn Market. The whole house continued intact until the later half of the eighteenth century, when it caught fire and all the middle part was burnt out. This has been replaced by the present red brick house, one part facing New Street and the other the Corn Market. According to the plan, the house did not go back all the way to the wall, but there was a garden in the rear. The Corn Market part that is left shows that any space between the house and the wall must have been very small. It is not quite clear on which side the Corn Market, or New Street, the front door of the house was situated j probably New Street, the house appearing to have fronted that way and to have had two wings stretched out behind. This is a point of interest with regard to Charleses escape. It will not be necessary to further describe the fortifications except to say that the Friar's Gate was only a gate for foot-passengers, a sally port, and probably had no bridge over the ditch available for the passage of horsemen. Just beyond it an earth breastwork ran up to the Fort F.oyal, the great earthwork which commanded the Sidbury Gate, and connected thj fort with the city. No available means of exit therefore were to be found on :he south-east side of the city, and, as has been said, St. Martin's Gate was the one point by which in case of defeat the Scots could escape. The wall of the city was an earthwork faced on the outside next the ditch by a wall formed of blocks of red sandstone. Its thickness varied considerably at different places, but it was probably strong enough to oiFer considerable resistance to the artillery of those days. As far as can be made out, the repairs to the wall consisted in repairing the stone face to the ditch where required and in throwing up and making good the soil inside. There is no eviden :e to show the exact depth of the ditch and how far it was passable for assailants. There was certainly a way out from the Berkeley House to the wall, either across the garden, or, as from the present buildings seems most likely, by a passage through the house from the garden to the wall, j ossibly to get water from the ditch. The door from the house to the garden is pro Dably the back door which is mentioned in the different accounts of the King's escs pe. For the present purpose it will not be necessary :o give the details of the battle, beyond stating that it was soon after 3 p.m. that Charles's officers found it * Hampden's case, Ztate Trialt. II The Royal Miracle necessary to do something to relieve the pressure on the Scots' right, and force Cromwell to recall the troops he kept sending to crush the Scots on the Terne, who were obstinately holding their own against the attacks of the Parliament. The Parliament centre was stationed about Redhill, on the London Road, near where the road to Stoulton and Pershore branches off from the road to Spetchley, Alcester and Evesham, whUe the Parliament right held the wood above the present railway station (Perry Wood) in force, so cutting off the road to London from the Scots. So the Duke of Hamilton was ordered to attack the right centre in force. This he did successfully, driving out the Parliament forces; had not his ammunition failed and if he had had any support the battle would have been won, but he was unable to follow up his success for want of support. Cromwell arrived at this crisis and then, if it ever took place, had his celebrated interview with the Devil. At this critical point Cromwell was able to rally his men and force the Scots back on their lines. These he stormed, the retreat became a rout, and the whole Scotch force became hemmed in between their own earthworks, their only hope of retreat being into the city through the Sidbury Gate, the Parliament troops occupying each side of the road. At the gate Charles was nearly taken; one version says an ammu- nition waggon was upset outside, so he had to dismount and crawl between the waggon and the wall; the usual story is that a loyal citizen, named Bagnall, brought up a load of hay and threw it across the road to stop the Parliament troops entering. As it is not easy to say where Bagnatl got the waggon of hay nor how he got it down to the gate, in the face of that struggling crowd of Scots and Puritans, while the ammunition waggon would probably have been there, belated in conveying the ammunition Hamilton wanted which might have saved the battle, it would seem to be the most probable version that it was there that it was upset. On Charies getting inside the gate he remounted, and is said to have turned to rally his men for a charge. This however is somewhat doubtful. What is clear is that somehow between 5 and 6 p.m. he found himself at his house near St. Martin's Gate, his army reduced to a routed rabble. So he took off his armour and made his escape. In Blount's Boscobel it is said " he marched out at St. Martin's Gate at about six in the evening." This however it is difficult to believe, if the account is true which says that when Charles reached his quarters Fleetwood's troopers had already taken possession of St. Martin's Gate. It is just possible if the entrance to the Berkeley House was in New Street, not the Corn Market, Charies might have got into the house unobserved, even if the gate was in the enemy's hands. But the records are very hazy as to the precise time of Charles's arrival at his house from the battle and as to the time when Fleetwood's men reached the Corn Market. If Fleetwood reached the Corn Market before Charies, then the story that Charles got into the house as he could, having first sent Wilmoc 236 ^ The Rscape from JVorcester for a horse to meet him outside the wall, and then escaped by the back door as Col. Corbett entered the front from the street, is probably correct. It is cer- tainly the most romantic, but it has its difficulties. How did Wilmot get outside the walls and catch the horse.? How did Charles get tirough the ditch? But the other version that Charles changed horses in Friar Street, and rode out through the gate, is also full of difficulties. Why did Charles, whc had just got a fresh horse, leave it for another? How did Wilmot get out? If ihe gate was opened to let him out why did not the Parliament troops perceive it, and why was there no pursuit ? How did Charles get his horse over the eart iworks ? On the whole, it would seem that the story of his getting into the house and escaping from it by the back is the most probable. But there are also difficulties here. How did Charles cross the ditch? How did he find Wilmot? Why vas no opposition offered to the Parliament troops? Whichever it was, either thrcugh the gate or across the wall, the King joined Wilmot, and taking their way down the Crowle Road they turned off to the left and at last reached Barbour le Bridge, one mile from Worcester. Here, against Charles's wish, it was decided to make for Scotland. The party proceeded along the road they hai come to (Worcester to Ombersley), where Massey left them, turning off and going to Droitwich, thence on past Mitre Oak through Hartlebury, and to avoid Hidderminster turned to the right through Murstowe Green towards Stourbridge. How exactly they reached Stourbridge is not clear, probably by Hagley and Pedmore, as the road through Kidderminster was full of fugitives ; according to Baxter, some went through Kidderminster and some by it. He goes on to say that Cromwell's troops stood to intercept the Scots in front of his house, that is in Vont of the "Lion," where the road to Stourbridge turns to the left. Baxter says many hundreds passed by. Charles says he kept on the right hand, letting all t.ie greater number of men go along the road. This Baxter confirms. It is therefore likely that the Bang followed the regular road by Merstowe Green to Stourbridge, and then on to Boscobel. But the exact spot where he left Worcestershire and turned into Staffordshire has long been the subject of controverjy, and quite a number of places between Kidderminster and Stourbridge are said to be the place where the King passed in his flight from Worcester. 237 APPENDIX II The Municipal Accounts of Expenses Incurred at Worcester in August and September, 1651, in connection with the Sojourn of Charles II in the Faithful City (August 2 2- September 3) (A Paper read in the Commandery, Worcester, :it the meeting held there September 2, 1911, on the occasion of the Commemorative Pilgrimage, by Mr. F. T. Spackman f.g.s.) THE PERSONAL EXPENSES OF CHAF LES II IN THE CITY OF WORCESTER, 1651. The interest which has been aroused in the city by :he proposed commemo- ration of the events which occurred in Worcester on September grd, 165 1, is considerable, and various items of information which before were regarded as normal, are now seen to possess a new significance in view of the severe criticism with which old beliefs and traditions are now being met. The King's entertainment whilst in the city was at the charge of the civic purse, and the curious detailed account of these charges i? set out in the Council's records. By courtesy of the Town Clerk of Worcester I have had the privilege of examining the City Accounts for the year 1651, and of photographing some of the pages. The accounts of the city are comprised in a series of foolscap folio volumes, commencing with the year 1540, from which time they are complete, with the exception of the twenty-two years from 1600 to 1623, ard they exhibit the whole revenue and expenditure of the Faithful City, as annual y audited by the proper civic authorities. These ancient volumes throw much light upon historic events which have had local effect, as well as upon custom; and transactions more peculiarly confined to the citizens and their city; but ms ny researches have been made by historians and antiquaries for information of th^ eventful period of the Battle of Worcester, without any resvih beyond a few casual items which possess little direct interest. Possibly many records were abstricted by the troopers of Cromwell, for at the audit of 1652 is an Item payed Stephen Fields, who had payed to a soldier to regayne some of the records that were taken out of the Treasure . . 5/- No audit of the accounts occurred at the Feast of Al Saints, 165 1. Probably paralysed by the dire calamity of war, and with its chiel officers in custody, the city abandoned for the time the routine of its usual business, and gave way to the melancholy lassitude which reaction from the excitement of so terrible an event was well calculated to produce. Q 241 The Royal Miracle The audit for 1652 was resumed as usual, but curiously the audit of 165 1 did not take place until 1655. The current accounts for that year are to be found in their proper place, without any reference to those of 165 1, whilst the latter are recorded at the extreme end of the volume (which concludes with 1669), where they are entered in reverse form. The account thus commences : — CmiE OF WORCESTER. 1651. At a chamber there houlden the Twelfth daye of Aprill, in the yeare of the Lord One Thousand five hundred fyfty and five. It is ordered that Mr. ffownes and Mr. Homynges Accompts as Chamber- laynes accordinge as they are stated By Mr. Beddoes, Mr. Wyldy, Mr. Sollers, Mr. Longmore, and Mr.jGworle bee entered in the Audit Booke. The account of Thomas ffownes and Richard Hemynge, late Chamber- laynes of the Citty of Worcester of moneys by them Receaved and Disbursed To and for the use of the said Citty, for the Rents and Revennues of the said Citty. As followeth, begininge from the feast of All Saints in the yeare of the Lord 1650, untill the feast of All Saints in the yeare of the Lord 1651. Then follows a general statement of civic receipts and expenditure, comprising about six pages; some of the payments refer to the repair of the fortifications, but they are not of any special interest. The account then continues : — They praye to be^llowed the seuall somes of money which they were enforced and compelled to paye and disburse for provision for the Scotts Kingel dureinge the tyme he remayned in this Cittie, which was charged upon the Cittie and allowed by the chamber. The 22th of August, One Veale, two muttons, and three strikes £ ». d. of Salt . . . • • The 23th of August, one side of mutton, and twelve quailes One side of mutton and three quarters of Lambe One Calfe of veale, a Tongue and elder . ffower muttons, 46 Chickins and Henns, and two Rabbits . Two dozen of Piggions, nyne ducks, and three Piggs Two Henns, five quailes, two quires of paper, and two elders of beefe . . • ... One veale and 24 poundes of butter . ... 242 The Municipal Accounts of Expenses of butter 01 Two poundes of butter, 18 egges, and a Botle of viniger . The 24th August, One veale, tenn pounds of butter, and five doxen of egges . . ... ffower cowple of Rabbetts, one fFeazant, and one elder of beefe . Two Turkies One Pott of butter, waighinge 28 pounds, pott and a 1, and five Hartichoakes • • • • • The 26th August, Three Muttons, one veale, and two Rabbetts Three dozen of egges, and one pott of butter, waighing? eighteene pounds . . . ... Two pounds of butter and two dozen of egges The 27th August, fower Muttons, two Henns, and a botle of Viniger . . . ... Two pounds of butter. Twelve chickens, and five ducl:s . Two Turkies, fower Pigges, and fower Rabbetts . Two bottles of Viniger, three tongues, and 40 poundi ffower Henns, tenn dozen of egges, and fower Pigeons One whole Beefe • • ... The 28th August, Two Henns, five Chickens, and a bottle of Viniger . . . . . Three Muttons, one veale, and Twenty pounds of butt ;r . Six pounds of Bacon, six Pulletts, and a Dozen of Piggions Three strikes of Salt, Eight Henns, and eight chickens Two Partridges, two Turkies, and two Piggions . for Milke for the Pastry, and fower dozen of egges The 29th August, One veale, fower Muttons, and fow of Bacon .... for Trouts, Piggeons, fower dozen of Eggs and seaven butter . . . ... fower Piggions, six Rabbetts, and a bottle of viniger Two Tongues and Twelve poundes of butter The 30th August, two muttons, one veale, two henns, and five chickens . . . ... Twelve pounds of butter. Three dozen of Egges, and five Tongues One Dozen of Piggeons, fower henns, and fowerteene Chickens . Tenn pounds of butter, one bottle of viniger for fowle bought by John George . ... The 31st of August, one veale, one Lambe, two Pi^gs, and a dozen of Piggions . . ... ^43 er pounds pounds of 00 03 04 01 05 08 00 13 06 00 04 06 00 12 or 03 10 04 00 10 04 00 01 06 02 17 10 00 00 00 00 17 10 II 04 GO 08 00 04 10 00 00 06 00 03 03 00 00 10 04 01 08 10 00 07 02 00 01 10 03 19 04 00 06 07 00 07 03 GO 08 00 02 17 03 00 16 02 00 II 03 CO 08 CO 01 00 00 01 18 10 I'll Nyneteene pounds of butter, Three dozen of Egges, Three Muttons, and a bottle of viniger . . , . The first of September, five pounds of butter, five chickens and fower henns . - . . • • • Two Muttons, three sides of Lambe, and three Dozen of Egges . A Bottle of viniger, two Pigges, and fower puUetts for Herringes, Oyle, Cabbidges and rootes for two muttons, one cowple of Pulletts, and five pounde of butter The second of September, One cowple of henns, a dozen of chickins, and 4 pounds of butter . ... Three Muttons, one veale, 24 egges, and a pounde of fresh butter Tenn stone and nyne poundes of beefe, five Cowple of Chickens, and one cowple of henns . • ... five poundes of butter, 1 2 egges, and a gallon and a point of viniger Two Muttons . . . ... The Third of September, one veale, fower muttons, and seaven poundes of Bacon . . ... Halfe a veale, one cowple of Henns, and fower cowple of Chickens One dozen of egges, two cowple of Piggions, md two poundes of butter • • . ... Wine bought Jot the uses aforesaid. The 22th of August, paid for one Rundlett of Sack and seaven gallons att vi' viii** the gallon, one Rundlett of Clarett and two gallons and a quart att 5s. 4d. the gallon and a Rundlett of white wine and to gallons & a quart att v" iiii** the gallon . The 23th of August, for a gallon of Sack and a gallon one pottle and a point of Clarett . . ... The 24th of August for five gallons of Sack and five gallons of Clarett . . . ... The 25th of August for tenn gallons and a pottle of Sack and eleaven gallons & a pottle of Clarett wine The 27 th August for eight gallons of Sack and thirteene gallons and a quart of Clarrett wine . ... The 28th of August for nyne gallons and a pottle of Sack . The 30th of August for tenn gallons of Sack ajid eleaven gallons of Clarrett . . . ... The first of September for three gallons and a quart of Sack and eleaven gallons of Clarrett . ... 244 The Municipal Accounts of Expenses 00 08 II 02 02 00 00 10 10 (X) 01 02 01 18 08 00 08 II 03 II 00 01 18 06 00 08 05 01 08 06 04 10 07 01 QI 04 00 03 10 04 17 04 00 15 04 03 06 08 06 II 04 06 04 00 03 03 04 06 05 04 04 00 04 The second of September for nyne gallons of Sack eleaven gallons of Clarrett and five gallons of white wine The third of September for nyne gallons of Sack eleaven gallons and a quart of Clarrett and for a dozen and a halFe of glasses Spices. The 25th of August one Pound of pepper and half( a pound of Ginger and fower poundes of Mace fower ounces of Nutmegges and two quires of paper & thirteene pound & a half of sugar . . ... One ounce of Cloves one ounce of mace and an ounce of pepper One ounce of nutmeggs one ounce of Sinnimon one ounce of sugar and a Charger of Sweet meates The 29th of August thirteene pounds and a quarter of sugar thirteene pounds of reasons & eight pounds of <:urrants fower pounds of sugar fower pounds of raisons and 1 hree pounds of Barley . . , ... fower sugar Loaves waighinge 13 pounds & a halfe three pounds of Currants fower ounces of pepper & fower oun :es of cloves Two ounces of mace fower ounces of nutmeggen and fower ounces of Sinnomon . . ... for a gallon and a poynt of Olives a quart of Oyle and halfe a pound of Anchoves . . ... for one quire of Capp paper and two quires of writuige paper Candles bought. The 27th of August for five pounds of Candles The 28th of August for Thirty pounds of Candles The 31th of August for Twelve pounds of Candles The first of September for Twelve pounds of Candhs The second of September for two Dozen pounds of Candles Paid the Porters and Crickers for carringe beare from severall places The 23th of August for ffruite The 24th of August for fruite The 25th of August for fruite ffruit. 07 05 04 06 06 00 00 06 08 01 07 01 00 01 II 00 19 00 01 13 09 00 12 00 01 10 04 00 06 00 00 10 09 00 01 II 00 02 06 00 12 06 00 05 00 00 OS 00 00 10 00 00 04 06 00 II 04 00 04 08 00 05 00 245 i . The Royal Miracle The 26th of August for fruite The 27th of August for fruite The 28th of August for fruite The 29th of August for fruite The 30th of August for fruite The 31th of August for fruite The first of September for fruite For a dozen of Lemmons and a Dozen of Oringes For five Cucumbers For five Oringes and tenn Lemmois The second of September for fruite The Third of September for fruite ffiower. Paid John George for 53 Pecks of ffyne fflower att ij" vj*^ the peck Paid John George for 16 peckes of Wheaten fflower att ij* the peck Paid John George for nyne peckes of ffine fflower att ij' vj«* the peck Paid John Stoneall for fower peckes of fyne flower a:t ij" vj** the peck Paid Edward Jecocks for three peckes of fyne flower att ij" vj** the pecic • • • • • • Paid John Clarke for five peckes of fyne flower att ij' iiij*^ the peck Paid Roger Clarke for fower strike of wheaten meale att vij" mf the strike . . . ... Paid Richard Durant for two bushels of meale Paid for Mainchant spent att the Denery . ... j-flower sent into the fastrey. Two strike and halfe of flower, the one strike att los. and the other strike and halfe at los. vj<** five Peckes more att ij"* iii*^* the pecke One pecke and a halfe of flower att Two Peckes of flower att fFower Peckes more of fyne flower att Two Pecks more of flower att They praye to be allowed that they were Compelled to paye to the Scots Kinges Officers which they claymed as their fees due to them . . • . . . 246 £ »• d. 00 03 04 00 04 00 00 05 03 00 02 06 00 05 06 00 02 cx> 00 03 00 CXD 02 06 00 00 03 00 01 06 00 04 06 00 08 II 06 12 06 01 06 00 01 02 06 00 10 00 00 07 06 00 14 10 01 09 04 00 14 06 00 13 09 01 00 06 00 14 00 00 03 10 00 05 00 00 10 00 00 05 00 02 05 00 The Municipal Accounts of Expenses They praye to be allowed That they paid to severall ])ersons that were sent into the Country to buy provisions . They praye to be allowed that they paid Thomas W nsmore for ale for the Kinge of Scotts Table . ... They praye to be allowed that they paid for a dozen of Damaske napkins sent to the Denery and there lost They praye to be allowed that they paid for fower Ri ndletts sent to the Denary with wyne and there lost They praye to be allowed that they paid for Twigge 1 and glasse wine bottles sent to the Denary and there lost They praye to be allowed that they paid for Three Butter potts lost or broken att the Denary . ... They praye to be allowed that they paid for three poi:it potts sent with Olives to the Denary and there lost They praye to be allowed that they paid for two Pe After Dishes lost att the Denaey . . ... They praye to be allowed that they paid for two flasketts and a Baskett sent to the Denary with fruite and there lost . They praye to be allowed that they paid two men that were hired to Carry and re-carry provisions and other necessar es betweene the Denary and other places in the Towne Frovinier, Paid for three strikes of Oates for two strikes of Beanes for Twelve strikes of Oates for Three strikes and a halfe of Oates for Thirteene strikes of Oates They praye to be allowed that was required of then by Henry Bauldwin, Henry Richards, Roger Pitt and others, and by their meanes with compulsion of the souldiers were forced to paye Henry Baldwin . . ... To Roger Pytt . . . ... They praye to be allowed that they were enforced to paye for Eight Hundred a quarter and 23 pounds of Barr Iron For two pounds of the best Steele . ... For worke done by Earlsgate and his men For Three hundred of Lead att 15s. the hundred . 247 00 05 10 02 00 00 01 04 00 00 10 00 01 01 02 00 or 06 00 06 04 00 05 04 00 02 08 00 80 10 00 07 06 00 05 04 01 09 00 00 08 02 01 12 06 04 00 00 00 10 00 07 18 01 00 oi 06 00 14 00 02 05 00 1 1 i The Royal Miracle 01 05 00 03 02 10 01 00 00 01 00 00 Paid to the Kinge of Scotts Trumpeter . ... They praye to be allowed that they paid for a baaquett of sweet meates which Mr. Pytt deliv^d to entertaine the Kinge of Scotts as by a note under Mr. Pytt's hand appeareth . They praye to be allowed that was by them paid for Charges in Lawe brought against them for Mr. Pytt's debt and Mr. Baldwin's debt They praye to be allowed that was by them paid unto Mr. Ashbie as executor of " Launcelott Stoneall for glasses which Mr. Stoneall delivered . . ... The totals are not brought down or carried forward, but from marginal notes of the accountant he appears (there are some inaccuracies) to have made the final total ;^i83 14s. 4d. Although this curious account thus concludes in an apparently unfinished manner, still, from the nature of the last entries, there appears little doubt that it is perfect and entire. The precise place of the Iving's stay whilst in Worcester has been hitherto the subject of some uncertainty, but the last eight items in the account for "flower" appear sufficiently conclusive that His Majesty found quarters at the Deanery. If this be so then the generally accepted belief that the King was quartered in the Corn Market falls to the ground, and we can only suppose that *• King Charles' House " received its name from the legend that the King escaped through it when he fled from the city after the disaster of September 3rd. The ancient and faithful city did not forget its congratulations upon His Majesty's Coronation after the Restoration in 166 1. This appears from the following extract from the audits : — The said Chamberlaines priiie to be Allowed and are allowed the Charge Expended the Day of the Kinge's Ma"®*" Coronation, (vizt.) Payed Mr. SoUey for twelve quarts of Clarrett Wyne, sixe quartes of Canarie sack, sixe quartes of white wine, two ounces of Tobacco, and twelve papers of sugar sent to the Towne hall, that time being the 23th of April, 1661 . Payed him more for 3 quartes of Canarie sack, 3 quartes of white wine, and sixe sugars sent to the Hall at the 5ame time Payed Thomas Read for 2 quarts of Sack and two quartes of ffrench wine sent to the hall the same time a. d. 01 10 00 00 09 00 00 05 08 248 The Old Deanery, Worcester, now demolished {From an eighteenth-century engraving in possession of Mr. F. J. Spackman \i'i II >i II II £ 8. d. 02 13 00 CXD 09 oo 00 07 04 03 01 00 TAe Municipal Accounts of Expenses Payed Ambrose Meredith for 53^ weight of gunpowde* Payed him for six dozen of Match . ... Payed him for two pounds of Tobacco . ... Payed Robert Brooke for two hogsheads of beere and i grosse of Tobacco Pipes . . ... ;^08 15 00. The civic worthies, whilst thus roystering over tl: e accomplishment of their loyal hopes, sought also a more permanent mode of e^ incing their attachment to the royal person, as I find at the same audit : — They are allowed the charge of settir g up the Kinge's Statue at the Towne Hall. PAIED Stephen Baldwyne for cuttinge and settinge up 1 he Kinge's Statue accordinge to the agreement . ... Payed him more for his men's wages in setting up of die pediston and the arch . . . ... Payed Baynham for the stone for erecting the pillar Payed John Twitty for carrienge of Stone from Hadle^ Payed for the vse of the winde to winde up the Stone and Statue Payed John Edkins for gildinge the Statue by Maior's order Other charges occur for stone from Hadley, for labour, and various expenses, amounting in the whole to £^\ 4s. 6d. Amongst the names which will be for ever remembered in connection with the escape of the King is that of Penderel. Those t -usty men were honoured then with a degree of warmth with which heroes are re:eived. One very interest- ing entry in the audit of 1665 attests this : — For wyne from Mr. Reade when the Prnrells who p'served the King were at the hall . . 8/-. One or two other interesting and curious facts muy be gathered from these accounts. The King is everywhere spoken of as the King af Scots, although he had been publicly proclaimed King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland by the Mayor (Thos. Lysons) and the Sheriff (James Bridges). But tiese two men had paid the penalty of their loyalty and temerity. They had beer taken prisoners after the battle, sent to London, and committed to the Tower to await trial. Subordinate officials were very careful not to incur a like displeasure of the ruling powers. The accounts were made up and audited while Cromwjll was paramount. Another curious thing shown by the accounts is t lat when the citizens were I t. d. 20 00 00 08 12 00 02 07 00 03 00 00 00 02 00 04 00 00 ;, iiP ii 11 1 II i nB i t„MHm>. ! t: «»-"' The Royal Miracle I i desirous of appeasing those in power after the King's flight, they sent them presents of lamprey pies. Twelve lampreys were made into four pies which were sent to London as a present to the Lord General and the Lord Chief Baron. Eight lampreys were made into two pies and presented to Mr. Lechmere and Major Salloway. These six pies cost the citizens £i 4s. od., and the carriage of them to London, 12 s. In feasting the King the citizens spent lavishly. ** One whole beefe," "one calf of veale" are representative items ; but there are no lampreys. Possibly the citizens remembered the fate of a former Icing — Henry I had died of eating lampreys — and they wished to run no risk with Charles II, the monarch who had not then merited the sobriquet of " merrie." \ APPENDIX III Items relating to the Battle of Worcester, September 3, 165 1 (Transcribed by Mr. R. H. Murray, of Eldesfield, Worcester, from the Church- wardens' Accounts of St. Michael in Bedwar line, Worcester) 250 V ITEMS RELATING TO THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER Itm Rec**' of Mr. Richard Blurton for breaking the ground in the body of the Church for buryall of a Scotchtnar> that dyed in his home . . • ... Itm Rec'*' Nov 24^^ 1651. of Mrs Anne Wyldd of the Comandere from a private gentleman of Herefordshire to be iistributed amongst the poor of this said parrish, & thost? that had suffered extremities by sickness or plunder (being oart of 20" sent to the Citty & suburbs) . ... Itm payd to Mr Hunt & others Sep 17^^ for buryall of tome of the Scotts, . , . ... Itm bestowed in Inere upon an Officer of the Marsha Us in pro- curing him to cleere our Church of the Scotts Ffor making cleane the Church Oct 29*** (Mr Hu Dand being then dead) 2*-6'*' and for Carryage of the litter av ay w<* the Scotts lay upon 6^' . , . , , The lo"* Rent of Mr. Williams after the death of Mr Huband was distributed in Nov: i6ji. as follows, viz. :o 20 men and women at from 4"* to 12^ each including a poo' Scotchman & A Scatchnvoman \2^' each . ... Itm The lo"- Rec*'* of Mr. Kent was then distributed the 1 1*** of November 165 1, (his wife being then buryed in tie Church) as followeth viz — to 18. poor men & women 6'*- and A wounded live Scott 6*^ & a Scotchwoman 6^ each . Itm The XXX"- rent of Mrs Ann Widd from Thos Horsforth Shield Gent, was distributed the 26^ of November 1651 — as followeth. To 24. men & women at from 6** to 2/ each including the above A wounded live Scott i/- A ScGtchwoman i/- 8i V/^ T Leigh in prison l^' 6^' . . . . To 13 women 5 men each receiving from i/- to 5/- each & the Scotchwoman 1/6 & z poor live Soldier 2/- 1652 Imprime ifor the charges of transportinge of cripples at several times since the say«^ Leonard came into his said C'ffice 253 00 04 00 01 10 00 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 03 00 00 10 00 00 10 00 1 10 00 2 00 00 00 12 00 ■T*^" The Royal Miracle 1655 To Robert Birch in Discharge of certaine money heretofore Disbursed by him in the pish behalf in the time of the warres To II women at from i/- to 4/- each & to 5 poor men at from l/- to 2/6 & to A wounded Live Soldier in great distress 2/- And to ye 2 Churchwardens out of Harris guift i/- Layd out by Robert Birch one of these Accountants as foUoweth viz fFor buryall of those Scotts that were slain 8c dyed in o' parrish, the Pallace the College, College Green, Castle Hill & ye privity of those several places & of divers others that were brought out of ye Cittie of Worce' & lay** in the Churchyard . . . ... £ «. d. Oi 14 00 I 10 o 294 APPENDIX IV Charles II at Brighthelmstone By Frederick Harrison, M.A. (A Paper read at a meeting held at the Brighton Library and Museum on the occasion of the visit of the Carolean Pilgrims to that town on September 8, 1911*) I ^ 254 * Owing to the illness of the author of the paper it WcS read by his brother, Dr. Walter Harrison. -rt-^ yrsT. ■SBESS&SSS CHARLES II AT BRIGHTHELMSTONE The story of the escape of Charles II from Brighton tc locally from the account of Colonel Counter, which h in books dealing with our Royal Town, that I shoul was needed for repeating the narrative, if it were not visitors who have made the Commemorative Pilgrimage, as hearty a welcome as we should to the Merrie Monan us with another visit. Some thirty years ago, the late Mr. Frederick Saw siderable repute, contributed an article to the Sussex Arc the Escape of Charles II, which is so exhaustive that I ha The sources from which my story is compiled narrative ; the account dictated by Charles to Pepys at > from Baker's Chronicles of the Kings of England. I have what our Mayor says in his interesting and scholarly v Civil War. It was on Wednesday, 15 October, 165 1, that Color to secure a boat at Emsworth, and elsewhere, arrangec through Francis Mansel, a merchant who traded with Fn dean, to have a vessel ready at short notice to carry the take up the account from the time that Charles and his fr They had met Morley, the Governor of Arundel Casi to hunt, but fortunately escaped notice by dismounting Bramber they found the place full of soldiers who had bridge. Lord Wilmot suggested they should turn back, b on boldly. This they did and passed unsuspected by the were not yet free from all danger, as the same soldiers, sor on and overtook them, brushing by them in a narrow laj them. At Beeding Counter had provided some refreshmen Wilmot would have no stopping while the soldiers were sidered safer that they should part. Counter agreed t and see that all was clear and send word to Charle road and I assume took to the Downs. Counter rode c * 257 France is so well known as been often reproduced i feel that some apology for the presence of our and to whom we extend h himself, if he favoured y^er, an antiquary of con- haeological Collections on /e but little to add to it. ire : — Colonel Counter's ewmarket in 1680 ; and not omitted also to read 'ork, Sussex in the Great el Counter, having failed with Captain Tettersell nee, and lived at Oving- King to France. I shall ends arrived at Bramber. le, as he was going out When they arrived at been sent to guard the It Counter advised going Roundheads ; but they le forty in number, came le and almost unhorsing ts for the King, but Lord about. As it was con- 3 ride on to Brighton 5. The King left the n, and on his arrival at The Royal Miracle Brighton found all clear, and the George Inn free from all strangers. Having taken the best room he ordered supper, and was regaling himself with a glass of wine when Charles came, having found no accommodation to his mind elsewhere. Before continuing my narrative I should like to say a few words about South- wick and its claim to a share in the King's escape. There is a tradition that the Green was given by Charles to the people out of gratitude for his escape ; and there is an old cottage which claims to have been a hiding-place for His Majesty. The cupboard upstairs and the steps leading to it may be seen. So far as the Green is concerned I have investigated the matter, and have ascertained that there is no evidence whatever to support the legend. The Green formed a part of the waste of the Manor of Horton, and all the rights of the lord were transferred to the District Council of Southwick in 190 1. There is no entry on the Rolls as to the Green in the time of Charles II, and consequently he could not have given it. There is no mention of Charles having been to any cottage while riding to Brighton from Beeding ; but as he said himself that he could not find any accommoda- tion to his mind elsewhere, he must have looked for it. It is therefore just possible, as Tettersell's boat was lying in the harbour there, that he entered the cottage, but he could only have stayed there for a few minutes if he did so, as he rejoined Gounter soon after his arrival at the George Inn.* A second tradition is that of Charles having been to Ovingdean. This has been popularised by Harrison Ainsworth's interesting novel, Ovingdean Grange. In the Grange there is a recess behind a fireplace, which is the traditional hiding- place. As we shall see that Charles was only in Brighton for a few hours, it would have been impossible for him to have gone to Ovingdean at all. He had no necessity to go there. So much for two traditions ; now for the third. Where was the George Inn ? Until lately the King's Head, West Street, was considered to be the house. The name was changed from the George to the King's Head after the Restoration. Mr. Sawyer investigated the matter thoroughly, and from the fact that after a care- ful examination of the Court Rolls the present King's Head is not even described as an inn until 1 754 — when it is called the George — whilst there was "an Inne called the George" on the east side of Middle Street in 1656 — there can be but little doubt that it was there and not in West Street that Charles stopped for the night. However, I have recently seen in the splendid collection of prints and drawings of old Brighton belonging to Mr. Blaber. of Cromwell Road, a water-colour drawing, made by a local artist in the first half of last century, which purports to be a copy of a print dated 1662. In this the King's Head in West Street is * See Introduction, pp. 45-6. 258 Charles II at Brighthelmstone certainly shown. I have not seen the original print, :ind at the British Museum they have been unable to corroborate the existence of sich. Another detail is of interest. Gounter says that the horses were led the bac k way to the beach. This was quite possible for the West Street house, as there were no buildings behind it and only one between it and the beach on the south, e\ en years later. The house in Middle Street would have had some cottages in the rear as well as to the south of it. On the water-colour drawing we read : « Ye King's Head in ye West Street, at Brighthelmstone : in which Kyng Charles passed ye night before his happy escape into Fraunce. (From a scarce print in the possession of Bulkeley C. Ricketts Esqr) Date on the print 1 662." Madame D'Arblay writes that "Mrs. Thrales' house was at the court end of Brighton, exactly opposite the King's Head, where Charles II stayed just before his escape to France." She adds : "I fail not to looi at it with satisfaction, and his black-wigged Majesty has from the time of the Restoration been its sign." On Royal Oak Day, 29 May, this sign had a branch of oak attached. The sign has since disappeared. To return to our narrative of the party at the Gecrge Inn. On the arrival of the King and Lord Wilmot, Sm th, the innkeeper, came to Colonel Gounter and told him that more guests had cone. When Gounter heard the King's voice saying to Lord Wilmot, «' Here, Mr. Barlow, I drink to you ! " he asked Smith to inquire whether one of the guests wai not a major in the King's army. The innkeeper did so, and the Colonel being sstisfied as to who the new- comers were joined them, and the party sat in Counter's room for supper. In the number were Tettersell and Mansell. The King was quite at his ease, cheerful as usual, without showing any fear whatever of danger. The sang-froid of Charles enabled him on many occasions to play the part of 1 Roundhead successfully. When supper was finished, Tettersell took Mansell asi ie and complained that he had not been dealt fairly with ; as although he had been Daid a good price [£6d) for carrying over gentlemen he had not been told clearly who they were. "For," added the skipper, " he is the King and I know him to be so ! " Mansell denied this; but Tettersell persisted, saying that Charles, when in command of the fleet in 1648, had taken his boat with other fishing vessels cfF the Downs, but had let them go again. Tettersell was, however, loyal, for he said : "Be not troubled at It, for I thmk I do God and my countr)- good service in preserving the King ; and by the grace of God, I will venture my life and all for iiim, and set him safely on shore, if I can, in France." Mansell informed the King of what Tettersell h:id said. It was not long before Charles was again recognised. This time it wai by Smith, the innkeeper, 259 The Royal Miracle m who is said to have been in the late King's Guards. Smith kissed Charles's hand and said : « God bless you, wheresoever you go ! I do not doubt, before I die, but to be a lord and my wife a lady." Charles laughed and went to another room to avoid further conversation. Gounter wished to know when Tettersell would be ready. The skipper said his boat was lying aground and he could not get her off that night. The wind had been contrary. The King then opened the window, and observing that the wind had changed, £io more was offered to Tettersell to get off that night. He said he could not, but he would have his crew aboard. Another difficulty then arose. Tettersell said he must have his bark insured, and Gounter was obliged to accede to the request to the amount of £200. Yet one more demand from the skipper. He required a bond. This upset Gounter and he became indignant, saying that there were other boats. The King interposed and said that the word of a gentleman, especially before witnesses, was as good as his bond. Tettersell was at last satisfied and went off to get ready. The King and Lord Wilmot then rested for a few hours in their clothes. Gounter apparently was on watch while they retired and aroused them about two in the morning. Charles in the account he gave Pepys says four o'clock. The horses were led the back way to the beach and they went towards Shoreham, taking Tettersell with them on horseback behind one of the company. As Charles said it was about four miles from Bright- helmstone, the boat would have been lying off Scuthwick. As it was low tide the King and Wilmot went up the ladder and lay down in the little cabin. The " Surprise " was lying dry. About seven o'clock in the morning it was high tide and the boat sailed away. Gounter took leave of the King and begged his pardon if he had done anything through error that might happen amiss ; he also begged the King not to divulge who had helped him in his escape as it might bring them into trouble. The King readily promised not to divulge and kept his word, telling many fairy tales in regard to his flight from Worcester. Gounter waited until eight o'clock with horses in readiness in case anything unexpected should happen, and it must have been with a sigh of relief that he saw the boat disappear in the distance, sailing in the direction of the Isle of Wight as if Tettersell had a freight of sea-coal for Poole. Gounter had not left Brighton two hours before soldiers came thither to search for a tall black man six feet two inches high. Tettersell desired the King to aid him in avoiding any suspicion on the part of his small crew by a subterfuge. The King was to go to the men and say that he and Wilmot were two merchants who had money owing them at Rouen and were afraid of being arrested in England. Would the men back him up in 260 Charles II at Brighthelmstone persuading the skipper to change his course and hnd them somewhere near Dieppe? Charles did so. His persuasive powers pljs twenty shillings won the men over to his plan, and they went with him to Tettersell to persuade him to run to France. Tettersell counterfeited unwillingness at first but yielded to pressure. The next morning they were off Fecamp As there was a vessel in sight Charles and Lord Wilmot landed in a cock-boat. Richard Carver, the mate, a descendant of Alrych Carver, carried the King to shDre on his back. They had no sooner reached shore than a storm arose and Tettsi^ell was obliged to cut the cable and lost his anchor, for which Gounter had to pay ;^8. The boat was back at Chichester on the Friday. After the Restoration Tettersell was rewarded bj a commission in the Royal Navy and a pension. In 167 1 he acquired "one messuage or tenement one stable one garden and one croft of land belonging to the same and containing by estimation one rood the Old Shipp &c in the Hemps lares." This was no doubt part, if not the original site, of the present Old Shif Hotel. Whether he kept the house as well is not known. In 1670 he was K igh Constable of Brighton. In 1674 he died and is buried in St. Nicholas Churchyard. The inscription on his tombstone to the south of the chancel runs thus: — P M S Cap Nicholas Tettersell through wt ose Prudenc Valour an Loyalty Charles the second king of England and after he had escaped the sword His merciless resells and his fforces r eceiued a FatALL OUERTUROWE at WORCESTER SE'T 3° 1 65 1 was ffaithfully preserued and conueyjd into ffrance Departed this life the 26^dai of july 1674 within this marble m0nue*nt doth lye Approued Feaith Hono"* and Loyalty In this Cold Clay he hath now tane up his static At once PRESERUED Y ChURCH THE CrO\^ NE AND NATION WHEN Charles y Greatt was nothing but a breat this ualiant soule stept between e him and death usuppers threats nor tyrant rebells frounb Could not affright his duty to the Crowne 261 Ill The Royal Miracle WHICH Glorious Act of his for Church and state Eight Princes in one day did Gratulatb Professing all to him in debt to bee As all the world are to his memory Since Earth Could not Reward his worth haue Grie Hye now receues it from the King of heauen In the same Chest one Jewell more you haue The Partener of his Vertues Bed and Graue /// SS! SIS Susanna his wife who Decesed y 4 day of may 1672 To whose Pious Memory and his owne Hono Nicholas THEIRE only SON AND JUST INHERITH OF HIS FeATHERS Uertues hath payd his last Duty in this Monument 1676 Here also lieth Interred the body of captain NICHOLAS TETTERSELL HIS SON WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE FOURTH OF THE CALLNDS OF OCTOBER 1701 IN THE 57 Year of his agb APPENDIX V The *' Miraculous Divergence'* of Tuesday, September 23, 1651 The Second Episode of the West Dorset I'ageant, July, 191 1 his rn'ilnnilll W I iif rt Tllpilhrti'iT ^ ''' - '^'^ ^'"^ ^^"'^ '''''''' '^' irar;i'li)ttftan"5trihg|fr^' "' . . tttts vrotiuiiDiiQiutaitti , s^^tvisamnt \un l^Attsectrnf Cfat^ton to gl^ CDargc anti Conu ^^U)|an}>p£tfon i^aljibttoaiutfitf Coii^i il|»i:MfeOi|ks S[uan,o} aof txs^txttojsiu kkWawttoi^f tiii^£rafC^rou«atiMMc)nfr|M|Si((« anoi^ |lnt|«9MMa«fc^ i^mtb ckvr Is scu. rt,«nD 0)011 b^his 8? tame ^m to be bjougtit to :De fftacUaiittnt o» Coaiu , dof *tat£, aj&!!l)ato«i(|>en afilMAfOeS on[|^4} tD(waiiilUa)«bfo»fuclj-a>cr. ** WcctlKtomof €uctl}oa£aiu>patau»gj «nbalta)fSats,c«ba«ttiipiutacv,atcccqiu* ^ rtb to wanjiHgatrsafetfttog unto lut&ptriijilWiWaf tons tijetet <|5tt>eaatWeamiofter ^ ^Senfljoapof i«pwmber,£)nttl)oalif«fif|Kiiiatta6ftyo^^ '- )QTld««! by the Btdiiment, Thi^ ft!»«l»W«ottW%chwicl,?,,ntedindPuWi(T«d. ^ l^ iititB, CkricftrlMiemi. £^, Prmtcdby fobnB^, Printer to the Par%meDt of £«j/W. Proclamation offering ;^iooo rkward for the appre- hension OF THE FUGITIVE KiNG ISSUED BV THE PARLIAMENT ON September id, 1651 [From the original in possession of the writer) CHARLES II. AT BRADPOLE Tuesday, September 23, 165 1, marks one of the teresting events in the annals of our native village, occurred the romantic adventure to Charles II during \ known to history as the "Miraculous Divergence," w the present moment by a stone, placed ten years ago, of this thrilling royal adventure, at the junction of th Lee Lane. The Battle of Worcester was fought [on S and in the course of his flight southwards, after sust Charles II and his companions arrived on September i the Wyndhams at Trent, near Yeovil. The young Ki twenty-first year in the preceding May, was disguise called, first. Will Jones, and then Will Jackson. A: Colonel Wyndham arranged with one Stephen Limbry, vessel should take the fugitives on board at Charmouth the Channel. Early in the morning of Monday, Se accompanied by Lord Wilmot, Colonel Wyndham, Mis a serving-man, Henry Peters by name, made their v lonely house surrounded by woods, about two miles they were met by Mr. William Ellesdon, whose accou the shape of a letter addressed to Lord Clarendon, is Library at Oxford. Charles spent the afternoon at tedium of waiting by drilling a hole through a gold coii presented to Ellesdon. In the evening the party move Charmouth, which for long years after was known as 1 he passed the night, but in the early morning it becam had occurred. As a matter of fact, the handbills off the King's apprehension and threatening those who dire penalties, had so frightened Limbry's wife that si husband in order to prevent his carrying out the proj( will not here dwell on the incidents of his stay at CI belong to the history of that picturesque village, and About noon on the following day the BLing and his • 265 most important and in- It was on that day that is flight from Worcester, lich is commemorated at Dn the 250th anniversary 3 Dorchester Road with jptember 3] in that year, lining a crushing defeat, y at the mansion house of ng, who had attained his d as a serving-man, and ter his arrival at Trent, a Lyme skipper, that his , and convey them across Dtember 22, Charles II, s Juliana Coningsby, and ay to Ellesdon Farm, a from Charmouth. Here nt of the proceedings, in Dreserved in the Bodleian the farm, relieving the 1, which he subsequently d to the "Blind" Inn at he Queen's Head. Here 2 evident that some hitch iring ;^I,ooo reward for night harbour him with e turned the key on her ct he had agreed to. I larmouth, which properly not to that of Bradpole. companions reached the t-^ .■■:«!L':.S»i'£i,.i The Royal Miracle George Inn, Bridport, then occupying the site of the well-known chemist's shop of Messrs. Beach. Here they partook of a hasty lunch, but Charles, who per- sonated a groom, felt that he had been recognised in the stable yard, and Lord Wilmot sent to say that the troops at Charmouth were moving eastwards and that it was necessary to leave Bridport immediately. When they arrived near the first milestone on the Dorchester Road, which is close to the Bridport Cemetery, Lord Wilmot joined them and a hast}' consultation took place between the fugitives, as Lord Wilmot who now rejoined them had reason to believe that more troops were advancing on Bridport from Dorchester, possibly with the object of intercepting the party. The ready wit of Charles stood him in good stead. He at once said that nothing else would save them but taking the first turning to the left and doubling back to Trent, where their presence had not been as yet suspected. A few minutes later they turned into Lee Lane, and had not been long hidden by its high and leafy hedges when they heard the clatter of the Roundhead cavalry riding swiftly towards Bridport. The King and his party, crossing our village of Bradpole, struck on the blind lane, traces of which are still visible, leading to Watford, where they a little later arrived. It was by pure chance that towards evening they found themselves at Broadwindsor, as they had intended to keep more to the right with the object of reaching Trent as soon as possible. The adventures they met with at Broadwindsor do not immediately concern us, although they are quite as interesting as those which they encountered at Charmouth. The loyalty of Rhys Jones,* the landlord of the George at Broadwindsor, was as great as that of Margaret Wade, the landlady of the Queen's Head at Charmouth. An accidental quarrel between the soldiers, who happened to be at Broadwindsor on their way to embark at Bridport or Lyme for the Channel Islands, and the parochial authorities, favoured the King's escape, although he occupied the best room in the inn, immediately above the disputants, the noise of whose wrangling reached his ears. Setting out before dawn on Wednesday, September 24, Charles U and his companions soon found safety at Trent. Charles remained there for some time, but on Tuesday, October 14, he reached Brighton in safety, and on Wednesday, October 1 5, between seven and eight a.m., he set out in the good ship *' Surprise," commanded by another sturdy loyalist. Captain Nicholas Tettersell,t bound for the Isle of Wight and the Dorset port of Poole. At five p.m., when still in sight of the island, a favourable wind sprang up which took them rapidly to the French H O < O D s o u c o z u a: o - -^2 X as u H c u >5 Q o 2: a: < I? W s < cs u. u < > z 2 i< < z — X 2: < At o < u WW 2 O M C/5 H c/: < o w 2 2 — X 6X' X <^. X X a u X Ui rv ft. X b H O \ * Formerly a servant of the Royalist Colonel BiJlen-Reymes, of Waddon, near Wey- mouth, a kinsman of the Wyndhams. t This name is spelled in at least a dozen different ways. 266 The ^^ Miraculous Diver^ence^^ coast. Next morning Charles and Lord Wilmot were rowed ashore in the cock-boat and landed at Fecamp. No sooner had they landed than the wind changed, and Tettersell was able to reach Poole without i suspicion that he had visited France. It is in this way that Bradpole played an important part in what has been called the " most remarkable romance " of English history. — A. M. B. 267 The Royal Miracle West Dorset Pageant July 20, 21 and 22, 191 1 Episode II The "Miraculous Divergence," or the providential escape of Charles II from capture by turning down Lee Lane, Bradpole, on Tuesday, September 23, 165 1. By A. M. Broadley and H. Pouncy. DRAMATIS PERSONiE. King Charles . . . Lord Wilmot . . Colonel Wyndham . Peters Will Waddon . . Bend-the-Knees Jenkin Juliana Coningsby . Aged twenty-one, disguised as a serving-man, Will Jackson . His friend A Royalist A servant to Col. Wyndham . A farmer occupying White House Farm A Roundhead soldier in Cap- tain Massey's troop . . . A girl about twenty . . . . Mr. N. D. Bostvorth-Stnith Mr. T. C. W, Carlyon Rev. R. B. Goodden Mr. H. G. IVay Mr. T. H. Beams Mr. Philip Martin Mrs. R. B. Goodden 268 The ^^ Miraculous Divergence 99 EPILOGUE Time. September 23, 1 65 1 {early morning). Place. Outside White House Farm at the Bradpde extremity 0/ Lee Lane, to left of high road to Dorchester. Bend-the-Knees Jenkin, a Parliamentary trooper, enttrs on horseback. He dismourUs and surveys the etitrance to the house. Jenkin. Ha, this door will serve my purpose right well. Here will I affix the proclamation.* But who dwelleth here? {knocking loudly). A God- fearing Commonwealth man, I hope. Farmer Waddon {coming out). How now? Who art thou, and what is thy will? Jbnkin. I am Bend-the-Knees Jenkin, a servant of the Lord and of the Commonwealth of England. And thou art, by (Jod's grace I hope, an honest Parliamentary man. Farmer Waddon. I trust I am an honest man. Jenkin. That malicious and dangerous traitor, Charles Jltuart, is lurking in this neighbourhood. List now {reads proclamation and fix ^s to door). So beware, good Master Farmer, and mind your ways. Will Waddon {watches him out of sight, then tears it dnvn, crumples it up, and stamps it under foot). A thousand pounds reward, : ndeed ! Ten thousand would not tempt a Waddon of Bradpole to betray hi: liege lord and King. King Charles and Juliana Coningsby riding pillion, 1x)rd Wilmot, Colonel Wyndham and the servant Peters all on horseback arrive from the left. They draw rein near the entrance gate to the farm. King Charles {reining up his horse and mopping his brou with a kerchief, turning gallantly to JuLiANA Coningsby). Fair lady, wert tjiou jolted too rudely in this breakneck gallop downhill for our lives ? Juliana Coningsby. Nay, your Majesty, mind me not. Any jolting better than capture by that rascally horde. Haply you are now safe! • See Illustration, p. 265. 269 The Royal Miracle King Charles. Odds fish! friends, 'twere indeed a near shave. Five minutes later, and the rightful King of England might have tasted in person the temper of the Bridport dagger * and met a felon's doom. Short would have been my shrift, unless indeed that caitiff Massey had sent me on to London to share my sacred father's fate 'fore Whitehall. A lucky thought that, that counsel our retreat to Trent. That timely divergence, 'twas almost miracu- lous, was our salvation. Ne'er will I forget what I owe to this leafy lane in sweet West Dorset. But who cometh here } Will Waddon {emerging from his gate and doffing his hat deferentially). Good morrow, gentlemen all. Your servant, and yours, fair lady ! To what does our poor Bra'pole owe this coming of so goodly a company.? We have not seen the like since the Darset Committee turned our pa'son adrift, and now Mister Sampson with his vinegar face gi\'es us sermons as long and as dry as old Barty Wesley's over at Charmouth yonder. But come, gentlemen, full sure am I by the looks and the locks of } e that I am talking to no Cropheads, but to King's men, staunch and true like m'zelf. Colonel Wyndham. Ah, I'll warrant ye. So thou'rt no Roundhead rap- scallion. Lord Wilmot. Nay, I'll go bail. These are honest folk; the West breeds no traitors. Will Waddon. Not I. And let me tell 'ee the Waddons have been King's men, right and tight, lock, stock and barrel, from the merry May Day when Queen Katherine, God rest her soul, crowned Dolly Waddon as Queen o' the May, when she comed here a hundred an' dree year agoo Bra'pole Veast. Colonel Wyndham. Ah ! 'twas a queen at Bradpole, then. I suppose thou knowest me not .'' {pushing back his hat to show his face more clearly). Will Waddon. Why, sure 'tis Colonel Wyndham hizself. I zeed 'ee. Colonel, at Ivell [i.e. Yeovil] Veair last Michaelmas ; and now I greet 'ee well at me own varm geate. Colonel Wyndham. Good friend, I thank thee. These young folk here {point- ing to the King and Juliana Coningsby) have just got hitched up on the sly. 'Twas a runaway match, thou must know. I go with them across the border into Devonshire until this fair damsel's father, my good cousin Digby, finds his choler appeased. ♦ i.e. a halter that was known facetiously as *»a Bridport dagger." By the Act of Par- liament passed in the twenty-first year of the reiga of King Henry VIII Bridport had the monopoly of making all the ropes required for the Royal Navy. In the old " morality " play of that period entided Hycke Scomer an actor named " Imagynacyon " is made to say that the inhabitants of Newgate have once a year some " taw-halters of Burporte." 270 The ^^ Miraculous Divergence 97 Will Waddon {who suspects the identity of the King, iside). A likely story. {Aloud.) Well, ye're all right welcome to the White Farm, as welcome as King Charles hizself would be, God save him from his foes, should he ever chance to come here to Bra'pol ! What can I do lor 'ee .? What 'uU yer Worships teake ? 'Tis a warmish day, an the zew jatens be droppin' off ye an' off yer bosses. Try a drap ov our zyder. 'Tis a perty tipple, every whit zo bright an' brisk as what the wold monks did meake a hundred year an' mwore agoo up yonder at Loders Priory. Juliana Coningsby. Good Colonel, accept this honest nan's offer. I feel some- what faint and weary. Can we not tarry here a spell ? Lord Wilmot. Hark, friends, I hear the sound of horsemen. Colonel Wyndham. Belike {pausing and harking for a moment for any sounds approaching). Time presses, and we might have Harry Digby at our heels before we know where we are. King Charles. Come now, a tankard of cider would i ot be amiss after our hot burst from Bridport. The dust of your Dorset roads has made my drottle as dry as parchment. So bring out your cider, my good fellow. Will Waddon. Ay, that I u'll. But won't your worships an' the lady come in and rest awhile ^ Colonel Wyndham. No, no ! We'll take it here in the saddle. Haste thee, we must not tarry. Lord Wilmot. Tarry ! Nay indeed. There be times when a man may stay too long by his cup. Will Waddon {retiring with alacrity). Ay, ay. Til be sprack. King Charles {turning to his companions). An honest soil, by my crown. Would God that all my subjects were of his kidney. Juliana Coningsby. Then would not your Majesty be now so hot and thirsty as you are. {Laughter.) King Charles {desiring to retort with a courtly compliment) Nor perchance have so fair a lady riding with me on the same horse. (Juliana turns her head to hide her blushes, whereipon, to save her confusion, Waddon reappears bearing a tray with tankards ani a flagon of cider. While pouring out the cider and presenting it to them with a profound bow to the youthful King, he sings the Royalist Song : — * ♦ Dramatic licence must be pleaded for the introduction cf the song, as well as for the characters of Waddon and Jenkin. The Waddons of Brae pole, now extinct, are often mentioned in connection with the history of Dorset during the Civil War. A hill » the village bears that name. 271 'ft^UJ tWll The Royal Miracle Here's a Health unto His Majesty. Here's a health unto His Majesty With a fal, lal, lal, la, h., la, la, Confusion to his enemies With a fal, lal, lal, la, hi, la, la. And he that will not pledge his health, I wish him neither wit nor wealth, Nor yet a rope to hang himself, With a fal, lal, lal, la, la, la, la, (and so forth) King Charles {smiling ivith pleasure^ dofs his hat). Worthy Waddon, fain would I make thee meet recompense for thy loyalty in these sorry times. But when Charles comes to his own again, ho will not forget thee, thy cider, or thy song {setting down his tankard and smacking his lips). No bad stirrup-cup. And now we must away. Juliana Coningsby. Let me add my thanks to Will Jackson's. By my troth, 'tis a strange honeymoon. Good-bye, farmer {waving her kerchief). We hope to meet you again in Somerset. {The fugitives ride off to the right.) End. |H 272 «♦ I X U Q O w 2" u W N w — > Z X. < o O < -3 H < u < < a - o z < M ^^ U O I H u. O Su o O '* p*%^'fwm> , ! . APPENDIX VI The Flight of Charles II Commemorative Itinerary, September 3, 191 1 \' It III The Royal Miracle The Flight of Charles II to 00 \ < s o 0\ to 0\ 0\ % 00 O QO 00 VO 00 00 •-' N >o He* O fO «0 \A 11 00 o\ T3 o •a S 9 as •— I c« o S c o a c o H o.o o XI o O « O t3 O O c fc< *- CUD'S ^ •^ S x: O ^ > o JC '3 ii 4-> CO T3 a> u o li -o C3 4-1 bO I • o 4-1 c • o 4-1 a> & bO 9 CO O 4> C 4-1 o -a bO*^ •J3 p O Z s C5 a; 4^ I" 1 c — . i* XJ *- O T3 c« « 2.SP 9 O C *- 6 5 o .S b O % « S 2 CO C 1'3 li O to 0) o •t3 I- C « a> 0) Qu ii ^ l* *8 * fli 4, :i3 o a» c I o 13 a. o >^ ea T3 o l1 bo 9-5 ^2 2 ,4-> 4-1 — - Ji o bO o *- O o bo*- - •s 4» C 9 .s *4-l c o u T3 C CO il 4-* M c Cos 9^3 _r o, e o e -o V- eu g Cj*i 2 *2ii 9 c *- 6 ? £ o 2 2 c= 9 L, •S C 9 c ?i r 9 ^ I l- 2 • .1 CO 9 JS 9 2 SP'S "^ 2 6 fc. o » c4 Tf 00 M "* 00 00 He* CO • • 2-s 9 o CO 9 O o li bo 9 . ed ii 9 -^ 4^ o a; 9 O 0) 9 9 '4-1 9 O 9 O £-c - 'C ^o tstJ -o > o bO CO s o u. o T3 O ^ fe 5 S C4 a bO n 9 (U J^ CO 9 S 9 S. 'i 9 H bOi 9 o I1 o « 5 9 -9 H 9 O 8 i2° 9 E bo 9 o et tJ ID (U «J O O u. ^ - o "^ O l2 qj _r 4-. 9 o J3 - 9 11 9 4-i 9 bo| 9 I^ 9 O) -a a, 6 e< U bo 9 o, 19 U C4 O PuHH o 2 2 "o a; a: 4^ (I 9 % o 4>rf o 9 cu 2 o 6:2: § o U 4-> V 0) 9 9 .S .S 9 9 O O •C 9 «-2 t3 o % 9 o o •■* CO ^* S •5 •- -S ^ J ^« CO a; a el f-^ . O >- 9 *- ,0 O bO 9 _o "3 CO 01 > 0) .9 .4^ «> ,2 "ss U ,*; bo " ^'^ u .— V- J; "^ o 9x;2« o § 2CJ > o •o 9 9 01 is 9 9 ^j 9 en aJ at' I > 9 O ' "o x: S ^ ^ o , {JO ^: •c;:,x: w}2 ■ 5 -^15 2 § o 72 ^ X •s "C CO t: o PQ •u O b( X bo 5 9 9 4>J 9 O U CO « 0) O) u o •C X CO g c4 Q S P £-^ S: i: 3 bo 2-52 9 otj-S 9 9 9 i- c JK o 4-1 o 9 CO lU I1 Oh O 9 O -a O) o o 4^ X _d -9 CO 9 CO 9 CO 9 4^ o CO Ta 9 cS 9 O T3 ? - c 4» 9 w. " o 4-1 4J *; ^^ X o ,0 * «^Ht § 2 -" «« -3 "= 2^S T3 b0.5i ^ u 1 1 '"M .•> I 4. bO 4> ^ 2 bo^ -1 t3 I1 X •;3 CO 0) s o X ^ 5 X 9 . , ^ eS Tl 4-» /^ ,* ft ^ 0) CO 9 O CO 9 O 9 OS 4J Q 9^ CO *-• 9 9 « o CO o b >< o O bO 5x-^ S-S2 12 H) 8 CO Q 4 eS o ^•3 >s O CO 4-> CO 9 0) •y _. CO ^ CO 5 •» x'S 9 0) V o |5" M 1^ «r •"•a *» 5S CO 4-) _5i -S ^ 9 CO Z5 11 4-1 o '3 '^ S <« X S « pC 0* „ rs ? GO bO- S o c « ^ - 2 D I ■5 .2 *- X 81 V bO 9 -O 9 _0 '-' bo s bO 9 r/;3 9 c o Q 9 O c fc^ CO CO I- 2 o •So .2Px « t« o,Ox I1 0) 9 g Jo.s 9 c^ .9 e« es w li Oi % ^ "I' 9 9 k> O ^ :i -4,1 CO C 9 ^9 « §; CO C r^x bO *-• 9 ?"^ CO 9 CO 4J *9 o, a> a> > ^ 9 *J 9 O, « 01 > COsS 2 bo -' 9 *:9 4> > CO « •a X X > ca •8 C0 -a !I! CO O I bO CO s 2 PQ a at a o ^ 276 e 6 bO 9 'S, a, X U u a 4^ CO U 9 • mm u X bo 00 4^ 2 X S p 277 The Flight of Charles II > } 00 00 00 ^ W s ^ 00 eo >o 6 *n u^ I 9 I O o (O > V «0 C s OD a •c eg c J3 CO U "= I ? ^ H Ho3 a: bo S .O c ^ b c« e* o o (y .O hi X) jcx.< 5 _L ^ ^ ^2 ♦J -o ta Kj Qi iS S3 w r S bo c '3 a t3 c I I J5 -S ^ 4iJ TJ C O 4-1 a a a C bm a 1—4 « o.S £§= O^ c o c t; CO c -T3 u ,o S u -o^ s CO < CiO c e c ' c 4> CO 4^ P r. : J3 c h a; u O u a 3 C a o u s-^ 5 ^ by-roa to Hea to Ston Heale = 2-S 2 ^ -^ -S urn to to Din roceed urn in contin ake roa eturn t H pu. H H»iC p ?^ 41^ v^ B bo ^ a o t3 OS O O O a 9 Q o 4-1 CO -o O I 0) u bO C o 3 -^ >> otf p 4>< CO o CO » CO e o 0$ c .p p U en CO OS tx, B c4 a eS J3 •a , CO o CO !{ «* (^ •" o bOT3 p &? -Co C CO — OJ ** .Si tS O at S;c«S^2 ^H ^ X > § ca c CO ^S §:5 ex*; •B £P9 .so o e c c S ^ a> o a^ •« CO *-• ^ C 4J ex « -s o 4, o> « 0, gpjc B p.a .S-oO ^ i4 0) 0) _C CO t: 9 p "^ -Si ^ .2 *- O O o CO CO 4J c a, a> a> > CO ^ «< B «: a a, o CO « NO 4i^ U o bO .E 'c > a; S i S U (u B k> s* 0) u o Pk ^ B C u 0^ O SO u 279 The Royal Miracle o ''I- M VO 10 \r\ '^ vr> f»» VO NO VO VO H
  • c o -a o CO 3w s o '— «. L- m .- <-• C O O ^ OS O CO 0) u a; it s 4-1 0) o 4-> CO c o ^ c c O J" too "^ O P t3 XI O « ^ ^ OJ CO •s 8cz: > o X o PQ c ti o 6 ao o *- *- 2 flj p<— < _^ 0) - o c o C "O 33 •> »- J3 4» CO o o Oh 9 S c a 4-1 4-1 C C o o o US X hi GO C ^^ 4-> *> u aj rt C a> Zl e>o-i .2 e a o -Si eit c 53 s 5 o g 2 53 3 W - ts ;f - •-■5 - SB •— ■"13 *° « o tn J3 .3 Tj I. B e u -o M J3 n II CI Ob. o -o us; O M 9 "■ •a s < II- 00 a M a o U u (I w C •s c Q O Z x o •i •> ^ £ -s •♦ *^ S ,r s-^ S 5 ♦i' ** ^ 2 '-s >H II k .s — u § E*o ^ mJ "O o *« '^ 3* N O •— » II- •s d Q O -] . z^ O.SJ f«1 So <* si !» III dI^! o u< c cT •-' " e • -J >-5 « 2 £^ ^ ^ 5 g.W IS 3: ^ c -^ o ** .5 «•'' ptf S J S n H '-s .0 « •^ Is X *<• o <~ o « 8 o a 5:^ o .r o . c c Q O o « 1 = J5p2 S .a o w W -o o 2 ^^ *• NO VO « 1-4 kH »; C ^~° <2<; t O k V ^ S a ."3 -•if « -O tfl T) O •3-5 jj a wi ^ 8 « 2 o -c II O < J n B -2^ H ^ M M fl M - bo ^ Si u 2l^ .1.1 "o -5 VO vO \o M M M ESS ii ■p "P -o ,S^k either slain upon the place or taken prisoner. Before the next I hope to give you a perfect account of the whole business in the meantime I remain Team-Bridge near Your obliged friend Worcester Sept Sam Wharton 4 at one of the Clock in the morning POSTSCRIPT SIR Upon the close of this Letter, the Fight ended & the Generall, with Major Generall Lambert, came into the North streets ^vhere our men have full possession, & the enemy much straitened and begirt up in the Cathedral places adjoyning. But by reason of the Posts hesty expedition, I am forced to contract, bidding you Vale, Vale 301 ^i; i ' I IW- ■' i I %\ APPENDIX X Bibliography of Printed Matter dealing with the Escape of Charles II after the Battle of Worcest(T I BIBLIOGRAPHY of printed matter dealing with the m his Sacred Majesty King Charles II after the defeat of Worcester, September 3rd to October 15th, 165 1, Part I. Volumes and Pamphlets. Part II. Broadsides and Ballads. Part III. Miscellaneous. (Periodical publications r B. Signifies Broadley The Abbreviations < Bod. Bodleian. ( B.M. British Museu Books are catalogued as much as possible under Subjea w Author. Anonymous and contemporary accounts, and modern woi to the escape, but not entirely devoted to the subje( heading of Charles II, King of Great Britain and Ire iraculous preservation of of his army on the field when he left for France. , Plays, Romances, etc.) Collection. m. th cross references from ks containing references t, are under the general land. PART I VOLUMES AND PAMPHLETS AIRY, OSMUND See Charles II, King of Great Britain and Ireland. AN ACCOUNT, Etc. See His Majesty's Account. ALFORD, CAPTAIN " Narrative " in Cary's Memorials of the Great Civil War Londcn. 1842 BATE, G. M. D. See Charles II, King of Grea Britain and Ireland. BOSCOBEL BOSCOBEL, or the History of his Most Sacred Majesty's Most Miraculous Preservation after the Battle of Worc(ster 3rd Sep: 1651. By Blount. 12°. pp. $$- Printed for H. Seile, Stationer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. (Probably published in August 1660) with three plates added 1660 U 305 B. I) (•; The Royal Miracle BOSCOBEL— Ditto ditto Bod. B.M. Another Edition. Boscobel, or the History of His Sacred Majesty's Most Miraculous Preservation after the Battle of Worcester 3rd September 165 1. Introduced by an exact relation of that Battle by T. Blount. Printed by Henry Seile, Stationer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. With two plates 1660 B. Another Copy with two additional portraits . ... B.M. Another Copy B. Another Copy with portrait and engraving of Boscobel by Van de Gucht added B. Another Copy, Boscobel plate mutilated B.M. Another Copy, imperfect ........ B.M. Another Copy with later portrait added . . . . . B. Another Copy, portrait inserted and Print of Carlos arms : im- perfect* B. (Reprints of the first Edition of 1660 were published at Doncaster 1809 and at Wellington, Salop, 1822) B. B.M. There was a privately issued Edition limited to 1, 000 copies at Edinburgh, 1887 B. Another Edition . . . illustrated with a map of the City of Worcester. 12°. London. Printed by A. Seile over against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleet Street. With this was published the Second Part.f . . . 1862 B. Bod. Third Edition. The two Parts. To this was added Claus- trum Regale. 12° Published by A. W. (i.e. Mrs. Ann Wyndham) London. Printed by W. Clark to be sold by H. Brome and C. Harper at their shops in St. Pauls Church Yard and Fleet Street 1680 (The Second Part is dated 168 1 , as is also Claustrum Regale) Bod. B.M. Another Edition. 12°. pp. vi, 60. Printed by James Walsh for Charles Jackson .... Edinborough 1 709 B. Bod. B.M. * The Kbg's own copy of Boscobel (described .is 1660, 8vo) was sold at Sotheby's to Mr. Quaritch for ;^i4 158. od. on July 2nd, 1896. It was bound in blue morocco, with the Royal Monogram, and came from the library of the late Sir E. Bunbury, of Barton Hall, Bury St. Edmunds, Bart. t Hughes says Boscobel was translated into J'ortuguese at the desire of Queen Catherine. " Mr. Peter GifTord of Whiteladies has lately made it speak Portuguese." Sec Hughes' preface to the Second Part. 306 I * Bibliography B.M. B. B.M. B. B. Bod. B. Another Edition. Does not reprint Part II in its entirety. Pages 38 and 39 of the 1680 Ed. being omitted. "Pub- lished^ by Mrs. Wyndham. The fourth Edition, a( lorn'd with Cuts." At the three Golden Flower de Luces Little Britain. I2mo. pp.189 .... 1725 (large paper) B. Bod. B.M. Another Copy, extra illustrated by the late Mr. F. L. Ivlawdesley B. Another Copt with a print of Boscobel House .... Anot^ier Edition with the misprint of April 3rd for September 3rd. l2mo. pp. 192. Printed for M. Cooper, ihe Globe, Paternoster Row j- .- Another Impression with misprint corrected. Primed by R. Freeman, Fleet Street, described as the 6th Edition Another Impression with misprint uncorrected. Prints d and sold by all booksellers, etc. Described as the fifth Edition 1748 Another Edition with plan of Worcester and a view o*:" Boscobel House. Printed by S. Gamidge . . . . 1 769 Ditto with Autograph of Martha Penderel Another Copy with plate of the flight of Charles attended by the Penderels added g^ Another Edition. Boscobel only. C. Earl. 8vo. pp. 132 Birmingham, 1786 BOSCOBEL, with the King's Account. Edited with an intro- duction and bibliography by C. G. Thomas (subsequently Thomas-Stanford), pp. 167, size 80 500 copiej. Lone on, 1894 BOSCOBEL. (An account of the Escape of Charies II after the Battle of Worcester, followed by the Royal Wooc man. A ^llad.) 24 London BOSCOBEL. A narrative of the Adventures of Charles II after the Battle of Worcester. 8^0 . . Wolverhamp on, 1843 Ditto. 2nd Edition enlarged. W. Park. High Street. Wolverhamp on, 1849 BOSCOBEL, ou abrege de ce qui s'est passe dans li retraite memorable de Sa Majeste Britannique apres la bitaille de Worcester le J^ Sept. 165 1. Traduit de I'anglas par D. Cailloiie, with portrait of the King and View of Boscobel House. Sm. 8vo. pp. 116 . . . Row ?n, 1676 B.M. B. B.M. B.M. B.M. B. Bod. B. Bod. B.M. (2) 307 The Royal Miracle 111 See also COLLECTIONS DES MEMOIRES RELATIFS A LA REVOLUTION D'ANGLETERRE. Tom. 9. Paris, 1827 Bod. BOSCOBEL. The Pourtraiture of his Sacred Majesty Charles 2nd after Defeat at Worcester, by an eye witness. 8'° original edition. Portraits in style of Hollar * . . 1 660 BOSCOBEL. The Pourtraicture of His Sacred Majesty Charles 2nd: Defeat at Worcester : Escape to Worcester: The Royal Oak: Conceal'd at Boscobel House: Journey with Mrs. Lane to Trent etc. 8*0 Portrait, calf, very neat.f Printed (secretly) 1696 BOSCOBEL. An account of the Royal Oak, Boscobel House, and Whiteladies, by Henry G. de Bunsen. pp. 54. Sm. 4*0 size London. Simpkin Marshall. 1 878 B. BOSCOBEL AND ITS VISITORS. Recollections by the Custodian, pp. 48. 8»o. ' Wolverhampton. 1905 Whitehead Bros. Ltd. B. See Boscobel Tracts. Charles II King of Great Britain. Claustrum Regale. Hamilton. His Majesty's Narrative. Penderel Brodhurst. BOSCOBEL TRACTS. BOSCOBEL TRACTS relating to the escape of Charles II after the Battle of Worcester. Edited by John Hughes, m.a. pp. 347. 8»0' Edinburgh. Wm. Blackwood. London. J. Cadell. 1830 Bibliography / B. Bod. B.M. (2) B.M. B.M. Second Edition, pp. 399. 8° .... 1857 Another Copy with numerous MS. corrections .... THE BOSCOBEL TRACTS were reprinted in Bohn's Edition of Hamilton's Memoirs of the Comte de Grammont London. 1853 BROADLEY, A. M. See Commemoration Pilgrimage. CHAMBERS, JOHN. See Charles II, King of Great Britain : Worcester * From a second-hand bookseller's catalogue, described as rare. Priced at 148. t From a second-hand bookseller's catalogue, described as rare. Priced at 15s. 308 CHARLES II, KING OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND AUGUSTUS ANGLICUS. A compendious View oi the Life and Reign of that Immortal and Glorious Monarch Charles II. pp. 192, size nma. Samuel Holford at the Crown, Pall Mall. Portrait as a youth London 1 686 B. A TRUE NARRATIVE* of his Most Sacred Majesty 's Escape from Worcester on the third of September 165 1 till his arrival in Paris, pp.8. 40. London. G. Colboi n. 1660 B. Another Edition. Reprinted in the 1745 and 1809 Editions of the Harleian Miscellany on pp. 419, 441 respectively. Also in After Worcester Fight. BRIGHTHELMSTONE, history of. By J. Erredge. pp. viii, 383. Large 8^°. Chapter XVUI deals at length with the escape 1862 BRITANNIA TRUMPHALIS. A brief history of tte Warres and other State Affairs of Great Britain from the death of the late King etc. (Account of the battle of Worcester.) pp. 207. 8°. . . London, Samuel Hooves, 1654 B. B.M. (4) Another Edition, pp. 184. 8° . . . . , . B.M. BUND, JOHN WILLIAM WILLIS. Civil War in A^ Worcester- shire, pp. VI. 267. 80 pp. 214-261 deal with tte escape. Birmingham, 1905 B. B.M. CHARLES II ET CROMWEL. (An account of diaries IPs escape from England.) pp. 28. 18° Part of the 7th series of the Bibliotheque cretienne et Morale. Contains quaint rude frontispiece of the King on board the "Surprise" with, presumably, Mansel at his feet. Mansel in a modern military uniform with strapped trousers ! . . Limoges, 1872 B.M. * There are two issues of A True Narrativey etc., whicl though apparently identical differ on page 4, paragraph 3. The earlier issue has it : «*thei William came with a pair of shears and rounded the King's hair." The later issue reads : " then Richard came with a pair," etc. The succeeding paragraph in the earlier tract i eads : " Hereupon Richard Pendrill." For " Richard " " William " is substituted in the ater tract. There is also a small quarto of eighteen pages, the text of which follows the 1 iter issue of above, entitled : ** An Exact Narrative and Relation of His Most Sacred Majei ty's Escape from Worcester on the third of September 1651 till his arrival at Paris. London. Printed for G. Colboun. 1660." It is the large quarto which is reprinted in the Flight o* the King and Harl. Mis- cdlany. The small quarto is reprinted in the Russell Press Stuart Series, Vol. V, Royal and Loyal Sufferers, page 45. (1903 ?)• — F. L. Mawdesley. ..^ 'i.-.jff....f,A*.m.ij FRANC l/t, F/r HIBERNIA REX. Dutch Portrait of Charles II cm. 1650 (Engraved by Danckers after Hanneman. In the collection of the wHter) : ,', Bibliography Loyal Reflections upon his Majesties Restauration, Procession and Coronation. Not forgetting the Royal Oak. Broadside of eight pages by J. Crouch. London. 1660 Royal Patient Traveller, The, or the Wonderfull escapes of King Charles II from Worcester Fight, etc., a ballad by Henry Jones of Oxford, fol . . . i.d. (1660) Royal Woodman, The. A ballad .... 1843 Wonderfull and Miraculous escape of our Gracious King, from that dismal, black and gloome defeat at Worster, The. A ballad. Single sheet fol. . . . London. 1660 Bod. B.M. Bod. PART III /. PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS. The Ancestor, Vol. Ill and Vol. VI, contains references to the Giifards of Chillington Vol. XI, Article on the Wild Wilmots, Earls of Rochester . . . , 190 1 Art Journal. Article on Boscobel and White Ladies by J. Penderel-Brodhurst 1889 Genealogical Magazine, Vol. I, pp. 352-357. iirticles on Relics of Jane Lane. A history of the Lane family runs throughout Vol. I, by Henry Murray Lane, Chest<;r Herald. Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. 39 (1789), contains articles relating to the Kling's Preservation. Above extracted and ( mbellished with MS. notes by F. L. Mawdesley B. Jacobite, Vol. 2, No. 5 (December, 1901). Article on erection of Memorial Stone at Lee Lane, Bridport. Royalist, The. Vol. II. Article on Boscobel b^r R. Fox Davies fune, 1891 Ditto, July. A letter from J. Penderel-Brodhurst 01 the same subject 1 891 Sussex Arch^ological Collections. Vol. XVIII. Article on the King's passage through Sussex. Vol. XXII. Article on Tettersall, subsequently reprinted. Vol. XXIII. Article on the Gunters of Raxton. Wiltshire Arch^ological and Natural History Magazine. Vol. XXVL pp. 1-50. Article on Jane Lane, by Charles Penruddocke. The Royal Miracle IL PLAYS Charles the II — an historical drama in five acts, by George Griffith. Gives a pedigree of the Whit greaves of Burton and Moseley . . London and Wolverhampton. 1867 Restauration of King Charles II. An Histori-Tragi-comic Ballad Opera as is forbid to be acted at tlie New Theatre in the Haymarket * London. S. Watkin, The Ship Charing X. B. 1732 The Royal Oak. An historical play as acted at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, with distinguished success. London. 1 8 1 1 B. The Royal Oak. An historical drama by Henry Hamilton and Augustus Harris, produced at Drury Lane. pp. 4. 4°. Bill of first performance.f 1 889 B. ///. WORKS OF FICnON Numerous novels and romances have dealt with the subject. To quote a few : Ains worth (W. p.), " Boscobel, or the Royal Oak. A Tale of the year 1651," 1 87 2. Caine (O. V.), "Wanderer and King," 1903. Everett Green (E.), "After Worcester," 190I ; "Fugitive King," 1849. George (W. D.), "Boscobel, or the Adventures of Charles II (n.d.). Henty (G. A.), "Friends though Divided," 1883, illus. is col., 1910. Peard (F. M.), "To Horse and Away," 1895. Pearse (H.), " Magnus Sin- clair" and "Of Mistress Eve" (seq.), 190I. Prothero (E.), "Scouting for a King," 1910. Sabatini (R.), "The Tavern Knight," 1901. Snaith (J. C), "Patricia at the Inn," 1901. Townshend (D.), " A St. George of King Charles' Days," 1906. Witham (G. T.), " The Last of the White Coats." Yonge (C. M.), " Under the Storm," etc. etct *^For fear the Legitimists would draw a parallel ? t A pageant was produced at Brighton in the autumn of 1910. One scene was devoted to the King at the George Inn. At the AVest Dorset Pageant, 191 1, the King's escape through Lee Lane was given as the second ejasode. X Mrs, Oliphant brought out a novel called WtiteladieSi but it is a tale of modern life. 320 C\\ROL\\S SRCVNDVS DLI GRATIA MAGNjE H HI TAX I V. FR an C L€, ft Hl|iERNIA REX etc. C'liarlcN the locoiid K the ^r ace of aod of Create l^irirraiiu rr.iiicc. and Vrclaiid iCiiig etc. Dutch Portrait of Charles II in 1650 51 [From the original in the British Must urn) Iconography Published Portraits of Charles the Second in 1 649-1 651 Published Portraits of King Charles II contempDrary with the battle of Worcester. The arrangement is alphabetical accordinjj to artist. In the second column is given the name of the engraver ; in the thii d the whereabouts of the print. As in Bibliography : B. (Broadley), Bod. ( Bodleian), B.M. (British Museum). The abbreviations H. (head), H.L. (half length), T.Q.L. and W.L. (three quarter and whole lengths); 1. (looking left) j.nd r. (looking right), as used in the British Museum Catalogue, have been adopted. 1. Carolus II. Dei gratiae Magnae Britaniae Franciae et Hiberniae Rex. In armour H. 1. 2. Carolus II. (inscribed on balus- trade) ; lace collar H. r. 3. Charles 2nd. Garter robes ; delicate lace scarf. Clean shaven H. r. . 4. CarolvsSecundvs D.G.Magnae Britanniae Francae et Hiberniae Rex ; plain coat j plain collar, ribbon and star ; escutcheon of Arms. H. 1. Dated 1 650 5. Carolus Stuart II. Konig in Engleland Schotland und Ire- land, in armour. An oval in a square. H.L. r. . 6. In Cloak and star, a crown sus- pended above his head, Honi soit qui mal y pense. Dated 1 650 7. On Horseback in armour, with truncheon. Three crowns above in one of thorns. French verses. F.L. r. Two versions 8. Charles II. crowned King of Scotland, January, 1 65 1. Plain broad collar and black coat. George and Garter badge. H.L. r. From Gadbury's Nativity .... Artist. Anon. Anon. Anon. En jraver. hvkon. Hollar. Location. B. B. B.M. (t. Scott. Bod. Anon. Hollar. Bod. Anon. Anon. ^inon. Bod. ■^^aligius. Bod. Anon. iinon. Bod. Anon. 323 Mason. B. The Royal Miracle 9. Another Version. Octagonal fancy frame of oak leaves, oblong French inscription 10. Mounted, clean-shaven, in armour, a morion in air displaying shield with arms of England only. Sea-shore, ships, skirmish pro- gressing. Inscription in French stating that after Worcester he was obliged to return to the court of the King, his cousin-german (Louis XIV). Fir 11. In Armour, symbolical figures. Ireland kneeling, Scotland pre- senting pistol. Execution of King in background 12. Ditto. Background altered. Dutch inscription . 13. Another Version 14. Natus Mat 29 Ano 1630 .^tis- suae 19. Dark coat, white collar with George ; table on right containing crown of thorns enclosing three crowns with the rose, thistle, and harp under them respectively. Oval. ■Tl.J-/. ..... Ditto, reversed 15. Charles II crowned King of Scotland, January I, 165 1. In armour, with George; heavy curtain; left hand corner crown of laurels, right hand escut- cheon. H.L. r. . 16. No Inscription; handsome cos- tume ; hat with drooping feathers. Matchlock in right hand. Army in ^background. >!