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 DIARY 
 
 OF 
 
 CALEB CRESSON, 
 
 I79I 1792. 
 
 Printed from his Original Manuscripts, 
 
 FOR 
 
 Fa mily Distribution, 
 
 BY 
 
 EZRA TOWNSEND CRESSON, 
 
 AND 
 
 CHARLES CALEB CRESSON. 
 
 Philadelphia: 
 
 1877. 
 

 f4~ I s^'^^ 
 
PR E FAC E. 
 
 Caleb Cresson, the writer of the following Diary, 
 gives the account of his own birth, at page 197, with 
 various circumstances of Family History. 
 
 His first marriage with Sarah Hopkins, and her 
 
 V decease, are mentioned on page 199. 
 
 ^ His second marriage with Annabella Elliott, the 
 
 ~~^~~- mother of his two sons John and Caleb, is related 
 
 ■«= • on page 199. Annabella Elliott was daughter of John 
 
 '^ • and Annabella (Bonnyman) Elliott, formerly of Bol- 
 
 *^^ ton, Leicestershire, England. She was born at Lei- 
 
 cester, in England, 8th mo. 3d, 1743, and arrived with 
 
 ca; her parents in Philadelphia 5th mo. 27th, 1753. She 
 
 deceased loth mo. 12th, 1793, as related in the note 
 
 ^ on page 193. 
 
 ^ On the 2d of 7th mo. 1795, he married Jane 
 
 v£) Evans, of Edgmont, Delaware County, Pa. widow 
 ^ of Thomas Evans, and daughter of John and Mary 
 'v^ Cox. He outlived his third wife, and deceased at 
 I Philadelphia the 21st of loth mo. 1816. 
 J His father, James Cresson, deceased 3d month 
 
 23d, 1745. His mother, Sarah (Emlen) Cresson, de- 
 ceased 8th mo. 2d, 1752. 
 
 It will be thus seen that he and his brother Joshua 
 Cresson, (who was born 2d mo. 30th, 1744,) were 
 left orphans at a very early age. They were adopted 
 by their mother's sister, Mary (Emlen) Armitt, wife of 
 John Armitt, who had no children of her own. She 
 was as a mother to them during the remainder of her 
 life. The feehngs of love and gratitude, expressed in 
 this diary, on the occasion of her decease, manifest the 
 affection felt towards her by her nephews. A favourite 
 
IV 
 
 saying with her was, ^^Ifs poor living without Love^^ 
 — which indicates her character. 
 
 Caleb Cresson took an active part in the affairs 
 of the Society of Friends in his day. The old Book 
 of Records, now held by the branch of Friends at 
 Fifteenth and Race Streets, Philadelphia, is in his 
 handwriting, as Recorder, from ist mo. i6th, 1770, 
 to 1 2th mo. 22d, 1799. 
 
 In person he was rather tall, (about 5 feet 10 
 inches,) slender, yet erect; of a dark complexion. Of 
 courteous manners, though what would be called pos- 
 itive, or decided, in his character. His wife, Anna- 
 bella, was small and slender in person, very meek and 
 gentle in her character, amiable, and much beloved 
 by those who knew her. 
 
 These traditions I have had from my Mother, 
 Sarah Emlen Cresson. 
 
 He had two sons, John and Caleb, to grow to man- 
 hood, but left no daughter. John Elliott Cresson was 
 born nth mo. nth, 1773; deceased 8th mo. 25th, 
 1 8 14. He married Mary Warder, 4th mo. 28th, 
 1795. Caleb Cresson was born 5th mo. nth, 1775; 
 deceased nth mo. 21st, 1821. He married Sarah 
 Emlen, 6th mo. 4th, 1807. 
 
 His diary is written in a desultory manner, pass- 
 ing sometimes from subject to subject, without any 
 attempt at connection or continuity. It contains re 
 cords of occurrences evidently intended to be inter- 
 esting only to his own family j and as he mentions (see 
 page 34, under date of 5th mo. 13th, 1791,) intended 
 only for family perusal. C. C. C. 
 
 2d mo. 27th, 1877. 
 
THE 
 
 DIARY 
 
 OF 
 
 CALEB CRESSON, 
 
 Began 1791. 
 
 New Year's Day, 1791. 
 
 I have thought that if persons who are so favoured 
 as not to be under a necessitv of labouring for a sub- 
 sistence, would keep a Diary, or make notes as time 
 daily passes — considering the well or ill spending of 
 it of the utmost importance to our present as well as 
 future happiness — such a practice might, on many 
 accounts, be productive of benefit. 
 
 I am, therefore, now induced, although so far ad- 
 vanced on mv journey through the wilderness of this 
 world, to make a beginning in such an undertaking, 
 and regret I had not began earlier in my day. 
 
 However, I am sensible it will require care, at- 
 tention, and patient perseverance; nevertheless I am 
 induced to set about it, though late, believing it may 
 prove of some advantage and satisfaction to my own 
 particular, in sometimes reviving things which would 
 otherwise be buried in oblivion, and excite to the fill- 
 ing up the measure of our allotted duty in our short 
 span of human life, which is afforded for the great and 
 
6 [ist mo. ist, 
 
 momentous end of working out our own salvation; 
 and our blessed Saviour counsels to work while it is 
 day ^ for heboid the night cometh^ wherein no man can work. 
 
 May we then press on with faith and holy confi- 
 dence in Him who is alone able to begin and finish 
 the great and all-important work to His glory and our 
 peace and everlasting happiness. 
 
 I begin this Diary in the 49th year of my age — 
 born the 29th day of the Eighth month, 1742 — and 
 although, as I have before observed, I think it a late 
 beginning, I hope my dear children may not follow 
 my example in that respect, but attempt it earlier, 
 and I am fully satisfied they will not have cause to 
 repent the labour which it may cost. 
 
 ']th Day^ ist of First month. — This maybe called 
 seasonable weather, being very cold, a great body of 
 snow being on the ground, which makes fine sleigh- 
 ing, and is reckoned a protection to the winter grain. 
 The Lord's mercies are great. His sun shines and 
 His rain falls upon the just and the unjust; yea, the 
 most minute parts of His creation partake of His 
 bounty. Let the earth, therefore, praise Him who 
 provides for all, in time, and who will be the never- 
 failing Source of Good to all His rational creatures 
 in a blessed eternity, if they do but love, fear and 
 serve Him. 
 
 The navigation of the Delaware has been stopped 
 a week or two. Wood comes over on sleds, and from 
 the west-ward by land. Oak, 321. ; hickory, 451. is 
 about the present value. Flour, 26^.; beef and pork, 
 ^d. @ sd. 
 
I79I-] 7 
 
 Widow White, (mother of him called the Bishop,) 
 deceased. P. Nicklin's wife, a youngish woman, died 
 very suddenly, having been one of a jovial company 
 the preceding evening, and a corpse in the morning: 
 an awful instance, indeed, of the necessity of daily 
 preparation to meet the undeniable messenger, as he 
 comes sometimes with little or no warning. 
 
 Jst Day^ 2d. — Attended meeting thrice — after- 
 noon at the burial of John Clifford's child, about four; 
 uncommon for her forward parts and sweetness of 
 disposition. Betsey Bringhurst, buried about 27th 
 ultimo. She had been for divers years conversant in 
 the school of affliction. A cancer in her side brought 
 her to her end, which I trust, through mercy, was 
 happy ; bearing her great affliction and pain with much 
 patient resignation, and it may be the impurities of 
 early life were purged away by this suffering dispen- 
 sation, which) though it was grievous, vet, I hope, 
 was in great mercy and to enduring profit. She died 
 beyond the meridian of life, in a single state, and, I 
 trust, rests in the Lord, having escaped the pollutions 
 of the world — a great thing indeed. 
 
 2d Day^ 3^. — A pleasant day for the season. — 
 Dined at Aunt Armitt's, with my wife and sons. She 
 appeared pleased to have us with her, now in old age, 
 (near 83,) having been a mother to me from infancy. 
 Afternoon employed in writing, and a little carpenter 
 work, which I reckon conducive to health. 
 
 3^ Day.^ ^th. — At meeting for worship, and ad- 
 journment of monthly meeting, which held late. — 
 Had several friends to dine with us, who remained 
 during the afternoon. 
 
8 [ist mo. 5th, 
 
 ^th Day^ ^th. — A bad fit of the headache, which 
 rendered me good for little. I have been subject to this 
 disorder from childhood. Mav be it's mv thorn in 
 the fleshy and allotted to prevent an unprofitable and 
 hurtful rest, which as pilgrims we ought not to aim 
 at while in this state of varied probation and exercise. 
 In the evening was enabled to attend with other friends 
 who met on meeting business at our house, which, I 
 hope, was not unprofitable to any concerned. 
 
 ^th Day^ 6th. — At High Street Meeting. Mod- 
 erate — the snow goes fast, though the river remains 
 shut fast with ice. 
 
 6th Day^ "jth. — A moderate thawing day. Snow 
 chiefly gone ; dirty roads. Our beloved friends Mary 
 Ridgway and Jane Watson, came to town from Wil- 
 mington, after visiting the families of Friends there. 
 Attended a committee at Fourth Street House on 
 Society affairs. 
 
 ']th Day^^th. Weather, mild forenoon; after blew 
 -up cold. Mother Elliott indisposed ; went, with my dear 
 wife, to see her in the evening. Was not idle this day. 
 
 1st Day^ <^th. — Hail and rain this morning, which 
 made the roads and streets so slippery as to be diffi- 
 cult to pass. However, I got to meeting three times, 
 and was peaceful. 
 
 id Day^ 10th. — The cold abated so that I could 
 more safelv walk abroad. Wrote part of the day, and 
 read the Holy Scriptures. Another part was spent 
 in making some improvements in my writing room. 
 The noble river Delaware continues fast. 
 
 3^/ i)^v, iith. — At meeting in course, where our 
 European women Friends were exercised in honest 
 
I79I.] 9 
 
 labour for our spiritual health. They think us too 
 light and chafFy, nay, seem to think some very had, 
 and I fear they are not mistaken. O, for more de- 
 votedness in the greatest of all concerns. Afternoon, 
 engaged in meeting business. Evening, with my wife 
 to see mother Elliott, who continues poorly. 
 
 ^th Day^ I2th. — At meeting at Pine Street. — 
 Jane Watson appeared in testimony — / have desired 
 to eat the Passover with you before I suffer — a solid 
 meeting. Afternoon attended a funeral. Evening 
 at brother John Elliott's. 
 
 ^th Day^ 13^^- — At meeting. Mary and Jane 
 both concerned in testimony in the demonstration. 
 James Cox and Elizabeth Shephard married. After- 
 noon, to see my old master, T. Clifford, who is in- 
 disposed. 
 
 ^6//^ Day^ \\th. — Mostly employed in writing 
 this forenoon. Afterwards attended a committee on 
 Society concerns. 
 
 ']th Day^ i^th. — Attended to some outward mat- 
 ters. The ice in Delaware appears near driving — 
 notwithstanding which the merchants have collected 
 a great number of hands to cut or open a passage for 
 the shipping from the point up to the city, which, 'tis 
 said, they have effected. 
 
 1st Day^ i6th. — Attended meeting, three sittings 
 — that in the morning much favoured. Towards 
 evening Margaret, wife of Jonathan Guest, buried ; 
 also, John Hill's son, a lad of about 14. 
 
 2d Day^ i-jth. — Rainy, snowy morning, with 
 high winds — winter-like. Afternoon, attended Over- 
 seers' meeting. Caspar Haines' child buried. 
 
 2* 
 
10 [ist mo. i8th, 
 
 '}^d Day^ \%th. — A large week-day meeting; per- 
 haps more so on account of the European Friends, who 
 being poorly, were not there. However, we were 
 favoured, T. Scattergood having the principal service. 
 Evening at committee till 8. Ice in the river not 
 yet broke up. 
 
 \th Day^ i()th. — Employed in some domestic 
 concerns and writing in my collection. I also read 
 a little most days, in the Bible most frequently. I 
 never was much given to spend my precious time in 
 the perusal of light or unprofitable performances, but 
 of later years I find I am not easv to emplov mvself in 
 that way, as they leave the spirit poor, and take up too 
 much of the room of the heart which should be devoted 
 to entertain the Heavenly Guest. To them that open, 
 savs our Lord, I will come in and sup with him, &c. 
 
 ^th Day^ 10th. — At meeting. Performed some 
 meeting business. Attended to some outward con- 
 cerns. Evening visited a friend. Several vessels 
 came up to-day. 
 
 6th Day., list. — Walked a mile or two out of 
 town; found it windy and cold. Did some writing, 
 and read in the best Book. 
 
 ^th Day^ lid. — Was mostlv in-doors to-dav. — 
 Wrote a letter to a friend in the country. Rebecca, 
 wife of Samuel Morris, died; also, Nancy Flowers; 
 of this young woman it may be said that the Lord 
 was gracious to her, having, I trust, prepared her for 
 His Heavenlv Kingdom bv judgment mixed with 
 mercy, giving her to see the beauty of holiness, and 
 the necessitv to press after it in order to an admit- 
 tance within the gate. Her illness was lingering, of 
 
I79I-] II 
 
 the consumptive kind. Taken out of an e\ 11 world 
 in much sweetness and peace, a little turned of 30. 
 She has left an afflicted mother, to whom she was as 
 a prop in declining life. 
 
 ij/Z)^y, 23^.— At morning meeting Cousin Jacob 
 Lindly very eminent; afternoon, S. Emlen; evening, 
 Thomas Follet. Mild for the season. Joseph Mif- 
 flin and Michael Eblin died. 
 
 id Day^ l\th. — Indisposed, yet did a little writ- 
 ing. This day my dear Aunt, who has been to me in 
 place of a mother, was taken with her last illness, 
 tho' she did not take to her chamber 'till the day fol- 
 lowing. 
 
 3^ Day^ l^th. — Attended our monthly meeting, 
 which held late. Afternoon, attended the funeral of 
 N. Flowers. Evening, was poorly. A peaceful mind 
 is the greatest treasure ; nothing worldlv can purchase it. 
 
 ^th Day^ ibth. — Visited Aunt Armitt. Went 
 to M. Eblin's burial. He was poor in this world, but 
 I hope is made rich. A fine, moderate day. My son 
 Johnny a good deal poorly, with a current complaint. 
 
 ^th Day^ i-jth. — Was at High Street Meeting; 
 Jane Watson and several others appeared. Afternoon, 
 Hannah Wharton was buried. 
 
 6th Day^ 2Htb. — Attended Philadelphia, or the 
 Middle District, Monthly Meeting. A certificate 
 granted for John Pemberton to go to England a sec- 
 ond time on a religious account. Afternoon was at 
 Aunt's ; she now appears ill. Many people indisposed 
 and dropping off the stage. Thus the living are in- 
 structed by the dead. There is no safety but in a 
 constant preparation, but this cannot be obtained but 
 
12 [ist mo. 29th, 
 
 by unremitted diligence ; watch and pray continually, 
 was the command. George Bryan, one of the Judges, 
 died suddenly, of an apoplexy. 
 
 "jth Da)\ 2()th. — A cold morning. Aunt con- 
 tinues ill. Ice in the river again, which stops the 
 navigation for the present. 
 
 1st Day^ 2t^th. — Attended three meetings to-day. 
 W. Savery much favoured at the last. How much 
 labour is bestowed on the vineyard ! O, for good 
 fruit to the praise of the great and good Husbandman ! 
 Many sick, probably from sudden changes. Aunt 
 Armitt now seems unlikely to recover, tho' she is fa- 
 voured to retain her faculties tho' far advanced in age. 
 Coarse, wintry weather. Cousin S. Emlen's black 
 lad, Jem, fell through the ice in Schuylkill and was 
 drowned. It is not good to withdraw from our duty 
 on days appointed for public worship. 
 
 id Daw, i^ist. — Was at Jonathan Dilworth's fu- 
 neral. 'Tis said he met the messenger of death with 
 composure and peace. Evening at Aunt's, who grows 
 weaker gradually — appears peaceful and sweetlv re- 
 signed. Thus ends the First month. 
 
 '^d Day^ 1st of Second 'month. — Attended our own 
 week-dav meeting; afterwards sat the adjournment, 
 which concluded about 2. In the evening was at a 
 committee on meeting business 'till ten — and was in- 
 disposed with fatigue. If we are in the way of our 
 duty, we always have our reward, tho' 'tis sometimes 
 wearisome to the flesh. 
 
 4//; Day^ id. — Visited a sick friend in the morn- 
 ing. Brother's family, several of them poorly. — 
 Wrote a little and read a little. Our great Master 
 
I79I-] IS 
 
 requires nothing but what He gives ability to per- 
 form. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^d. — Attended High Street. Had a 
 bad fit of my headache. Johnny a good deal un- 
 well. 
 
 ^th Day^ \th. — A snowy morning and a dull day, 
 so I employed myself indoors, for I've always some- 
 thing to do, and I'm thankful for it, for I find employ- 
 ment keeps the enemy out; it likewise strengthens 
 mind as well as body, especially good employment. — 
 I hope I am sensible of the great favour I enjoy, not 
 having to labour for outward bread. 
 
 ']th Day^ ^th. — Wet weather. Dear Aunt weak- 
 ens fast, being now mostly confined to her bed. 
 
 1st Day^ 6th. — Lodged last night at Aunt's, at 
 her request, apprehending herself going, and wishing 
 to have us, I mean my dear wife and me, near her. 
 At the North Meeting in the morning; at High Street 
 afternoon, and evening. M. Ridgway much favoured. 
 How Friends in this city are watered and dug about 
 from season to season. O, that we may bring forth 
 fruit to His praise. 
 
 2d Day^ 'jth. — Lodged again at Aunt's, and con- 
 tinued to do so from this time forward 'till her death, 
 she not being easy to permit us to go home. In the 
 night we rose at her desire, but after a few hours she 
 revived again, so as to take some notice of her friends, 
 and dropped many good expressions from day to day, 
 some of which we mean to treasure up. Quarterly 
 Meeting to-day, but I did not go. 
 
 3^ Da}\, Sth. — Youth's Meeting to-day. M. R. 
 appeared greatly to satisfaction. Aunt continues, but 
 
14 [2d mo. 9th. 
 
 is very low indeed. My son John better, which I ac- 
 knowledge as a favour; also, brother's family. 
 
 ^th Day^ c)th. — Snow and sleet — a wintry morn- 
 ing; cleared up towards noon. Afternoon, John Head 
 the younger, struck with a fit of the apoplexy on the 
 wharf, and has not spoken since. Aunt continues, but 
 to all appearance seems near the solemn close, yet very 
 sensible and fresh in her inward and spiritual faculties. 
 
 ^th Day^ loth. — Did not attend meeting to-day, 
 being unwell. John Head remains to appearance in- 
 sensible. Dear Aunt continues very low. 
 
 6th Day^ nth. — A fine wholesome morning, air 
 being clear, and at N. W. My wife and self spend 
 much of our time at our beloved Aunt's, whose pres- 
 ent low situation requires constant attention, and she 
 has every endeavour of those about her to render her 
 trying situation as tolerable as may be, and being fa- 
 voured with a peaceful mind, it is profitable to most 
 that visit and are present with her, manifesting that the 
 fruit of a well-spent life is humble hope and holy con- 
 fidence in death, and she is enabled to meet its solemn 
 approach without dread or terror, looking to and lean- 
 ing on the arm of her beloved Jesus for help and sup- 
 port in a season so awful and interesting. Went to 
 visit Cousin Rebecca Scattergood, who is ill. 
 
 ']th Day^ I2th. — Clear, hearty weather, tho' the 
 river is full of ice. Called to see a friend in affliction. 
 John Head died about 2 to-day; he was about 29, a 
 merchant, in a single state, and the main prop of his 
 father's declining years. A lesson of instruction is af- 
 forded by this awful providence, as it proves that youth 
 and full maturity of strength does by no means exempt 
 
I79I.] 15 
 
 from the inevitable stroke. O, that we may be ready, 
 having our loins girt and lamps trimmed, and waiting 
 — I sav waiting — for his coming. 
 
 1st Day^ I'^th. — x\ttended meeting at High Street 
 morning and evening. Aunt continues in mutability, 
 but in as low a state as well can be to live. In the 
 afternoon the widow of John Jer\'is was buried — an 
 aged woman. 
 
 2d Day^ i\th. — John Head the younger buried. 
 Aunt remains exceeding low indeed ; has now and 
 then kind of fainting fits. We are mostly with her, 
 apprehending she cannot continue many days. 
 
 3^ Day,, i^th. — Attended our common week-day 
 meeting. M. Ridgwav appeared in testimonv. We 
 expected dear Aunt would have gone off this evening, 
 but she revived again a little. It's a favour that she 
 don't seem to complain of great pain, but at some par- 
 ticular times, tho' no doubt she feels great bodilv weak- 
 ness and distress. Takes little but water and a little 
 jelly or sago, or such like. Nature, or rather the 
 Author of nature, appears to be taking His inimitable 
 workmanship gradually in pieces, to bring it to its 
 original. Dust thou art, and to dust thou ?nust re- 
 turn. 
 
 ^th Day,, ibth. — Had a bad fit of my old disor- 
 der, but got better in the afternoon. Josiah Bunting, 
 of Darby, buried his wife. 
 
 ^th Day,, I'jth. — Very windy, clear and cold; in 
 the evening the cold intense, but owing perhaps to the 
 very high wind, but little ice in the Delaware. Aunt 
 evidently appears near the solemn close. The river 
 froze over in one night, that is last night, all fast. 
 
1 6 [2cl mo. 1 8th. 
 
 6th Day^ i8//;. — Our dearly beloved Aunt has 
 had a painful and laborious night, but preserved in 
 great patience and holy quiet. The Good Hand is 
 evidently with her and supports her through the awful 
 conflict. The Royal Psalmist seemed to possess his 
 soul in holy confidence when he could thus exclaim or 
 express himself: Tea^ though I walk through the Valley 
 of the Shadow of Death ^ I will fear no evil^ for Thou art 
 with me; Thy rod and Thy staffs they comfort me. The 
 righteous hath hope in his death. About 9 in the morn- 
 ing she conversed a little with a near friend, and said : 
 He hath hrought me to His banqueting house^ and His 
 banner over me is love. About an hour after she said : 
 "It's all peace; it's^W joy for evermore.'' These were 
 her last words, (and in a low accent, but intelligible to 
 those who were near,) except asking for a drop of water 
 or something of that kind. 
 
 Thus she finished her course and slept in Jesus, 
 about half after eleven in the forenoon, 6th day, 18th 
 of 2d month, 1 791, as a shock of corn, matured or ripe 
 with age and laden with plenty, cometh in its season, 
 having attained fully to her 83d year and a few days 
 over. 
 
 Her pilgrimage might, or may be called even, 
 steady, peaceful ; having never had children, she es- 
 caped much of the care and cumber of Hfe, and as she 
 had had a good husband in his time she enjoyed many 
 of its blessings and good things, altho' not in affluent 
 circumstances, yet favoured with most of the necessa- 
 ries and conveniences. 
 
 She had an open heart, was kind and sympathiz- 
 ing to the poor and those in affliction, entertained her 
 
I79I-] i; 
 
 friends at public times and otherwise, with much love 
 ana freedom. She was of a meek, loving, peaceable 
 disposition, and loved the Lord and His Truth, I be- 
 lieve, above all. 
 
 As to her person, it was rather under or about 
 middle size for a woman, not bulkv, but rather spare ; 
 features very regular and agreeable, and in younger 
 life was esteemed a very comely person. 
 
 She was married in her twentv-first vear, continued 
 a wife about thirty-two years, and remained the widow 
 of one man about twenty-nine vears, and was put into 
 his grave, according to his and her desire, it having been 
 dug very deep at first with that view. 
 
 Her corpse was taken to High Street Meeting 
 House, (having been an elder about fortv years,) and 
 a solemn meeting held on the occasion, and thence 
 to the grave, and committed to the solemn, silent en- 
 closure of our original dust ; nevertheless the spirit or 
 immortal part, we doubt not, has ascended to the realms 
 of light, life, peace, and joy forevermore, to join the 
 Heavenlv host even the redeemed of our God, who 
 stand before the throne of immaculate purity, clothed 
 in white robes, and palms in their hands, saying: Amen : 
 Blessing^ and glory^ and wisdom^ and thanksgivings and 
 honour s and power ^ and mighty he unto our God forever 
 and ever — Amen. 
 
 I have said less in this place on the occasion of 
 my beloved relation's departure, as I mean to commit 
 to writing a more full memorial of her pious life and 
 peaceful conclusion, as I think her memory justly 
 worthy of being handed down to posterity as a bright 
 example for succeeding pilgrims, who are inclined to 
 
i8 [2d mo. 19th, 
 
 tread the path of virtue and true glory through the 
 rugged wilderness of this world, if so be they may be 
 mercifully preserved like her to escape the pollutions 
 of time, and thereby be fitted for an abundant entrance 
 into the joys of a blessed and never-ending eternity. 
 And this is my earnest desire for all people. 
 
 "jth Da\\, igth. — Was much engaged at dear Aunt's 
 late dwelling, in various cares about the burial. She 
 appears, as she lies a corpse, younger than when in 
 health — scarcely a wrinkle to be seen on her face — 
 and might readily be taken for a person of fifty. 
 
 1st Da}\ 20th. — Did not go to^ Meeting to-day, 
 but was mostly at Aunt's, many friends calling to shew 
 their respect to the deceased. 
 
 id Day ^ 21st. — Last evening our belo\'ed friend 
 Jane Watson had a sitting in Aunt's back room, much 
 to our comfort and satisfaction ; about thirty present. 
 Through many tribulations the righteous enter. May 
 we strive, and also be able. 
 
 This was the day of interment. Honour to 
 whom honour is due, we find, is allowed, if not en-- 
 joined ; and indeed she was honoured in life and in 
 death. Many followed her to the Meeting House, 
 which was so crowded that many stood. M. Ridg- 
 way and Nicholas Wain were concerned in testimony, 
 and W. Savery in prayer. Weep not for her, but for 
 yourselves and your children, who yet remain to tread 
 the arduous steps of life below. She has attained the 
 goal, having run the race, and through His might who 
 is invincible, she is a conqueror and more, even in 
 death. A large number followed her remains to the 
 cold grave, though it was snowy. 
 
I79I-] 19 
 
 2,d Day^ 22d. — Our Monthly Meeting in course, 
 which I attended. Afterwards went to Aunt's late 
 dwelling, and had a consultation with brother and 
 cousin Ann Dawes about Aunt's affairs. 
 
 ^th Day^ 23^. — Attended Pine St. Monthly Meet- 
 ing by appointment. Afternoon went to Aunt's, and, 
 with others concerned, opened her will, by which it 
 appears she has considered me as a son, and left me 
 a child's share of what she possessed, with which I 
 am satisfied, and desire to be thankful for the many 
 mercies bestowed by the Great Dispenser of benefits 
 from youth to this day. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — At High Street Weekly Meet- 
 ing. Our European Friends crossed the river this day, 
 being pretty clear of ice, in order to be at Burlington 
 Quarterly Meeting next First and Second Day. 
 
 --- Was engaged about some necessary employment 
 in the afternoon. In the evening wrote a letter to 
 Thomas Dobson and his wife, being old friends of 
 my late dear Aunt, at New York, (which was one of 
 her dying requests to me). 
 
 6th Day^ 25/^. — • Attended to some necessary 
 business at Aunt's, making out the inventory, &c. 
 
 ph Day^ 26th. — Attended a committee on Meet- 
 ing business, which took up a good deal of time. 
 
 1st Day^ 2'jth. — At Meeting three times to-day ; 
 I hope not unprofitably. 
 
 2d Day^ 2Sth. — Was taken up mostly in assisting 
 in the division of Aunt's household goods, having one- 
 third part. 
 
 ^dDay^ ist 0/ Third month. — Attended Week-day 
 Meeting and a committee afterwards. Went on with 
 
20 [3<^ n^o. 2d, 
 
 the division in the after part of the day. Dr. Kuhn's 
 wife died. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2d. — Completed the division to-day, and 
 dismissed the remaining part of Aunt's family. The 
 roads excessively bad, but weather moderate. 
 
 K^th Day^ 3^. — At Week-day Meeting. Afternoon 
 employed in necessary business. Evening poorly. 
 
 (ith Day^ \th. — Finished getting my things home. 
 Attended to some affairs at home. In the evening, 
 went to see a sick friend. 
 
 ']th Day^ ^th. — Was out on some business in the 
 morning. Afternoon, on a committee at Fourth St. 
 House. Evening, at home, writing. The weather 
 mild, and likely to be wet. My brother's son, Samuel, 
 born about 10. 
 
 \st Day^ 6th. — At Meeting thrice. A wet day, 
 tho' mild; wind southerly, which brings the frost out 
 of the ground, and, I expect, will occasion very miry 
 roads. Sister Gray ill with a sore throat attended with 
 a fever. 
 
 2d Day^ ph. — ^Warm for the season ; a gust in 
 the evening, attended with sharp lightning and some 
 thunder. Sister Gray continues ill ; was there, with 
 my wife, in the evening. My sons left off going to 
 Dutch School at nights, for this season. 
 
 3^/ Day., Sth. — At our Week-day Meeting. Af- 
 ternoon, employed writing, putting in order some of 
 my dear Aunt's dying expressions, many of which are 
 well worth preserving, and will be found in my col- 
 lection. 
 
 ph Day^ gth. — Went on with the same business, 
 and nearly completed a memorial concerning her pious 
 
I79I.] 21 
 
 life and death, which I copied fair, and handed among 
 some of her relations. 
 
 ^th Day^ loth. — Not very well, and, therefore, 
 was easy to stay from Meeting, but was employed in 
 reading and a little writing. 
 
 6th Da}\ iith. — Dull, wet weather. Began to 
 uncover my vines. Went to see brother's family. — 
 Sister seems bravely for the time, having had a very 
 favourable lying-in, her little son Samuel being fine 
 and hearty. Went a good deal about town, on some 
 necessarv business, and did some writino- at home. — 
 Read the Bible some part of the day, which employ- 
 ment I find profitable many ways, tending to sweeten 
 my spirit, and discourage the approaches of the grand 
 Enemy; and I hope my dear children will be often 
 conversant therein, being the best of books. 
 
 ']th Day^ I2th. — Markets are now scarce, and 
 dear about this season, owing to a variety of causes — 
 tho' fire-wood is reduced to about 30 i". and 20 s. per 
 cord, the river having been quite clear for some time. 
 Afternoon, attended a committee at Fourth Street 
 House. 
 
 1st Day^ 13^^- — Attended three Meetings to-day. 
 Mary Wood, an innocent young woman of 18, buried. 
 She was taken into the North Meeting House in the 
 way to the ground, being the first since it was built. 
 
 2d Day ^ i^th. — Rose early, and wrote as usual. 
 Afternoon, attended Overseers' Meeting. Not very 
 well this evening. 
 
 i^d Day^ \^th. — Rose a little after four, and was 
 
 diligent in employment which may probably prove 
 
 useful in future. Went to Meeting, and staid the 
 
 3* 
 
22 [3d mo. 1 6th, 
 
 preparative. Afternoon, to see a sick friend; after- 
 wards attended to some domestic concerns. 
 
 \th Day^ i6tb. — Took a bad cold, and was poorly. 
 A deal of wet weather, so that the Spring seems to 
 come forward. The grass appears green before our 
 door, and the buds swell. 
 
 5//; Day^ ijth. — The people don't forget Saint 
 Patrick's Day, as it is called, and still make a mock 
 of the poor Irish Saint, but if he is in Heaven it can't 
 do him any harm. Wrote considerable in my collec- 
 tion to-day. 
 
 6th Day^ \%th. — Up a little after three, and wrote 
 a letter to mv good little friend, Alice Needham, at 
 Salem, New England, who made us a visit last Sum- 
 mer. Walked a mile out of town, for some orange 
 trees and garden flowers. 
 
 ^th Day^ i()th. — A rainy dav. On a committee 
 in the afternoon at Fourth Street. 
 
 1st Day^ 20th. — Attended three Meetings for Di- 
 vine worship to-day, to,mv comfort and satisfaction. 
 How much thou owest unto thy Lord ! O, that I 
 may be a faithful steward of His manv mercies, which 
 are very many. 
 
 2d Day^ list. — Changeable, unpleasant weather, 
 with high winds. 
 
 T^d Day^ 22d. — A line, clear dav. Being our 
 Monthlv Meeting, William Savery laid his concern 
 before Friends to go to Charleston on a religious 
 visit, which was concurred with and a certificate di- 
 rected. John Skvrin and Ann Drinker, and Jacob 
 Tomkins and Hannah Yerkes made proposals of 
 marriage. 
 
I79I-] 23 
 
 \th Day^ 23^. — Employed improving my yard 
 and border, and fixing my vines. Weather mild. — 
 Wood much fallen in price. 
 
 ^th Day^ i\th. — Had a bad spell of the headache 
 to-day, which confined me mostly to the house. Have 
 nearly concluded to have my hair ofF, to see if it may 
 not be a means of relieving me. An awful evening, 
 by reason of the thunder and lightning, which was 
 very sharp and loud at this early season of the year. 
 
 6//^ Day^ ^Sth. — Rain in the night, which will 
 forward the vegetation. The grass has come forward, 
 and looks fine and green ; some of the vines push out 
 and bleed. William Kenly's son, a young man of 20, 
 died suddenly, and was buried to-day; also, William 
 Heyshan's wife, who also died very suddenly. 
 
 I went into what is called the Church burying- 
 grtmnd, and viewed the little spot that contains the 
 earthly remains of Benjamin Franklin, once so popu- 
 lar, and noted in his day amongst the great and the 
 learned, but death has now brought him on a level 
 with the meanest. He made but little profession as to 
 religion in his life, but I am told he thought it of some 
 importance near his close, and so we must leave him 
 in the hands of Infinite Mercy. His cold bed is close 
 up to the north wall, near the north-west corner. 
 
 ']th Day^ 2()th. — Our Spring Meeting begins to- 
 day ; many Friends from the country attend it. Was 
 poorly, with a bad cold and some fever. 
 
 1st Day^ 2']th. — Was at three Meetings, which 
 were favoured. 
 
 2d Day^ 2.%th. — A little better to-day, so that I 
 got out to Meeting, where some too forward spirits 
 
24 Cs^ ^^^' 29th, 
 
 marred the work, tho' I hope some were benefitted 
 by the opportunity in the end, as they waited in their 
 own gifts, and looked to the Master in preference to 
 the servants. My cold yet troublesome. 
 
 3^ Day, igth. — But poorly — yet attended our 
 Meeting in course, which was comfortable, Peter 
 Yarnall having the principal service, who may be 
 justlv allowed to be a great minister. Being the 
 adjournment of the Monthly Meeting, a certificate 
 was signed for William Savery, and a minute for 
 Thos. Gaskill his companion, on his intended visit 
 to Charleston and some parts of the Southern Gov- 
 ernments. 
 
 i\.tb Day, -T^oth. — Was poorly, and did not do much 
 but read, more especially as it was in part a wet day. 
 
 5//; Day, 31.^/. — March, as it is commonly called, 
 goes out to-day, and, according to the common pro- 
 verb, like a lamb — that is, mild and moderate. 
 
 6th Day, 1st of Fourth month. — This is vulgarly 
 called April Fool's Day. How simple soever customs 
 long established may be, there is a strange aptitude in 
 the people to keep them up; several devices for the 
 purpose of gratifying a vain and unprofitable vein of 
 humour, were, however, ingenious enough. 
 
 ']th Day, id. — Bought some garden seeds, with 
 a view of having something pleasant in my yard dur- 
 ing the Summer season. Sowed and planted several 
 things in the pots, for the ensuing Summer, and was 
 a good deal engaged most part of the day. Cool to- 
 wards evening. 
 
 1-^2' Day, ^d. — A cool morning for the season. — 
 Ice in our yard of considerable thickness. Aly lemon 
 
I79I-] 25 
 
 and orange trees a good deal pinched. At Meeting 
 three times. Tom Jacobs buried to-day. 
 
 ^d Day^ \ih. — White frost this morning, and 
 clear. Hannah Haydock deceased at New York, 5th 
 day, 31st ult., after a long illness of a consumption. 
 She has, I think, left seven children. 
 
 The European Friends left town to-day for the 
 Jerseys, and it is likely may visit New England before 
 they return. Went in the evening, with my dear 
 wife, to take leave of our valued and beloved friend, 
 William Savery, who is going in Truth's service to 
 Charleston by sea, with an intention of returning by 
 land. May the Lord preserve him every way, is our 
 ardent desire, and, I may say, prayer. 
 
 3^ Day^ ^th. — Attended 3d day Meeting, after 
 which the adjournment of the Monthly Meeting was 
 held. Afternoon was spent about some temporal 
 business. Evening, went to see a friend. Am a 
 little better of the cold I have had for some weeks, 
 I find I have but a slender tenure in this mortal tab- 
 ernacle. O, may I be prepared and fitted for a bet- 
 ter inheritance, but it will be verified that thro' much 
 tribulation we enter, and if at all it will be through in- 
 finite mercy — not of works, nor of him that luilleth^ nor 
 of him that runneth., but of God that sheweth jnercy. 
 
 John Gracey, an aged Friend at Haverford, de- 
 ceased lately, more than four-score. Also, Jas. Jones, 
 of Merion, aged 92, who had lived to prove the pro- 
 verb, "once a man, and twice a child." 
 
 The weather mild. The winter grain, 'tis said, 
 looks remarkably well. My apricot tree in full 
 bloom. 
 
26 [4th mo. 6th, 
 
 \th Day^ dth. — Went to market for some gar- 
 den seeds ; afterwards took a walk to R. A/Iorris' place 
 (about three miles) for some vines, and when I got 
 back was much wearied. Afternoon, was employed 
 about some temporal engagements, which I hope may 
 be useful to my dear children at least. The weather 
 at mid-day pleasant, tho' I am informed there was 
 frost in the night. 
 
 ^th Day^ 'jth. — Rode to Henry Gurney's about 
 business ; afterwards brought Mother Elliott to our 
 house. The roads mend so as to be tolerable in some 
 places. Frost for several mornings past. Attended 
 to the improvements going on in my yard. 
 
 6th Day^ Sth. — Qualified at the Register's Office 
 to act as one of the Executors of my dear Aunt's will. 
 Read and wrote as usual, at intervals. Our dear 
 friend William Savery sailed to-day for Charleston, 
 on a religious visit to that libertine city. May they 
 profit by his labours. 
 
 Jth Day^ ()th. — Attended to some domestic mat- 
 ters. My cold nearly worn off", having been poorly 
 with it near a month. Read and wrote as common. 
 Mother went home in the evening. 
 
 1st Day^ loth.- — At three Meetings. Weather 
 now pleasant, tho' the peach trees are not out yet. 
 
 id Day ^ iith. — Was about town on business. — 
 Attended to my improvements at home. Our friend 
 William Savery has had but poor winds since he left 
 us, so that 'tis probable he may have what is called a 
 long passage. 
 
 3<^/ Day^ I2th. — Attended Week-day Meeting; 
 Thomas Fallet in testimony. Weather warm and 
 
I79I.] 27 
 
 growing. Rain afternoon and night, refreshing to the 
 face of nature. Apricot in bloom. Set out mv orange 
 trees. Read and wrote at intervals to fill up precious 
 time, so that when the audit — the great audit — comes, 
 which must come upon all, I may not be ranked 
 amongst the unprofitable servants. O, this would 
 be indeed the height of misery ! 
 
 ^th Da\^ 13^^- — April showers, which must ben- 
 efit the creation. How blest is this land. Seed-time 
 and harvest, day and night. Summer and Winter, are 
 vet vouchsafed. Praise the Lord^ O my soul^ for He 
 hath indeed dealt bountifully zuith thee. Even the smal- 
 ler links in the creation, the blue-birds and martins, 
 how jovous, skimming the air and chanting their Great 
 Maker's praise. O, mav the lord of the great system 
 of nature, Man, the first in the order of intelligence, 
 not be deficient, for greatlv indeed are we indebted. 
 
 ^th Day^ \\th. — At Meeting at High St. Isaac 
 Bartram and Sarah Shipley married. April showers. 
 Esther, wife of John Morton, deceased. Riches can- 
 not avert the stroke of death ; all must submit at the 
 appointed time. To be prepared is, therefore, of the 
 utmost importance. See to it in good earnest, O, my 
 soul, in this thy dav. 
 
 6/^ Da\\ i^th. — A rainv morning; cleared away 
 about noon, and was fine. My apricot tree has no 
 fruit on it, tho' I have waited seven years in expecta- 
 tion — so have concluded to cut it down. May I not 
 resemble it in a spiritual sense. Was busy, like Mar- 
 tha, to-dav. About noon heard of the decease of our 
 honest friend Robert Willis, who concluded a life of 
 70 and upwards at Joseph Kaighn's near Gloucester; 
 
28 [4th mo. 1 6th, 
 
 he was at our house about two weeks ago, cheerful 
 and well. I trust he has now experienced a happy 
 translation from works to rewards, having long been 
 a labourer in the Lord's Vineyard, in this country 
 and also in England. He was a plain man, like Ja- 
 cob, good at hearty so he gained favour with man, and 
 I hope with his Maker too. 
 
 Being obliged to use some expedient for my head- 
 ache with which I am so sorely afflicted, I have con- 
 cluded to cut off my hair, tho' it is a cross to me in 
 some respects, to part with a natural covering for one 
 which is not so. However, I believe it may be al- 
 lowable in some cases, in order to obtain relief if it 
 may be had. 
 
 "jth Day^ i6th. — I rose this morning between 3 
 and 4, and I never remember to have seen a finer 
 dawn : the mildness of the air, the beauty of the twink- 
 ling luminaries, the healthful smell of the vegetating 
 earth after a refreshing rain — all conspired to raise the 
 mind in gratitude and devotion to the Bounteous Ben- 
 efactor, whose will is that His children should be 
 happy here and hereafter, and the great cause why 
 they are not so, too often arises from their own im- 
 prudence and revolt from the Divine law impressed 
 on every mind, and that sense of obligation and duty 
 made known in the secret of the heart — for if this 
 were enough attended to and obeyed, it would prove 
 the high road to felicity, both in this world and the 
 next. 
 
 1st Day^ \']th. — Rose early, and with Johnny 
 and Caleb, my two sons, crossed the Delaware to J. 
 Kaighn's, in order to be at the burial of Robt. Willis, 
 
I79I-] 29 
 
 who was buried at Newtown, after a solid Meetino-. 
 We returned about 4, and attended evenino- Aleetino- 
 at High Street. 
 
 ^d Day^ 18^^. — The weather settled and fair. 
 Wind fixed in the western board. Attended Over- 
 seers' Meeting afternoon. We think and talk of dear 
 William Savery, and hope he is in Charleston by this 
 time. 
 
 3^ Day^ i()th. — Rose early. Weather favoura- 
 ble for the improvements I have in hand. Attended 
 Week-day Meeting in course; Preparative Meeting 
 afterwards, which sat late. Afternoon was much en- 
 gaged : evening, went to see some friends. Cool and 
 windy. 
 
 ^th Day^ 10th. — Much employed this morning. 
 The vegetation much advanced ; peach and plum 
 trees in full bloom; vines shot about an inch — some 
 more. They look hearty ; perhaps I may have a lit- 
 tle fruit, to distinguish the kinds. My dear wife and 
 I went to see some friends in the afternoon and even- 
 ing. I am now favoured to feel pretty comfortable 
 and well in health. 
 
 Sth Day^ 2ist. — A thick fog obscured the sun- 
 beams, tho'it broke out about 10, and continued clear 
 till towards evening, when it rained a little ; growing 
 weather. Nailed up some of my vines. Attended 
 to some workmen I have employed, who generally 
 require attention, if we expect things done to good 
 purpose. In-doors most of the day, and favoured to 
 feel pretty well. 
 
 . 6th Day^ 2id. — Up about 4. Read and wrote 
 in my collection, then did some out-doors work. 
 
30 [4th mo. 23d, 
 
 Weather, clouds and sun alternately ; warm enough 
 to be pleasant and growing. The Great Benefactor 
 cares for His whole creation, and causes His rain to 
 descend upon the just and the unjust. May we all 
 prize and adore His mercy and goodness, who waits 
 long upon the children of men, to see if there be any 
 that will return and seek the Lord. 
 
 This is called by some Good Friday, and if I 
 preferred one day to another, or considered one day 
 more holy than another, it would be this day, on which 
 it is supposed our blessed Saviour suffered without the 
 gates of Jerusalem, a propitiatory sacrifice for the sins 
 of mankind. 
 
 'jth Day^ 2yi. — My poor head was very sick to- 
 day, which continued 'till towards evening, and made 
 the bed the most proper place for me most part of the 
 day. Could eat nothing 'till afternoon. May be this 
 affliction of the sick headache is ordered in wisdom, 
 to keep me humble, and under a proper sense of my 
 insignificance in the world, of myself, and entire de- 
 pendence on the Great Creator and Benefactor for 
 every blessing. 
 
 I think 'tis near time to sow and plant some flower 
 seeds, which I have found do best if put in the ground 
 about the beginning of the Fifth month. The Fourth 
 is commonly too cold for tender flowers, which, if 
 they get stunted, seldom recover. A growing rain 
 in the evening and night. How the creation rejoices 
 in the Almighty's bounty. 
 
 1st Day^ i\th. — This is called Easter Sunday, by 
 the Episcopalians, Lutherans and Calvinists, and I 
 hope by some kept sincerely to the Lord as a holy day. 
 
on account of our blessed Saviour's resurrection from 
 the dead. A dull, growing morning. 
 
 2d Day ^ l^th. — To see a friend from Jersey, who 
 is afflicted with a cancer in his breast, of long stand- 
 ing, and is here in town under the doctor's hand. — 
 What numerous evils the human frame is subject to, 
 and how thankful ought those to be who are exempt 
 from such heavy dispensations of suffering with which 
 very manv of our fellow-creatures are conversant. 
 
 i^dDay\ 26th. — Up nearly with the sun. Walked 
 to Springettsbury, about some stone for our water-cis- 
 tern ; returned to breakfast. My son Caleb and I 
 had a verv pleasant walk — nature being in her gayest 
 dress. Heard of the decease of Rebecca Chambers, 
 of London Grove, who was buried to-day. Sydney 
 Morrison deceased. Attended our ^Monthly Meeting 
 in course, which sat 'till about 2. 
 
 \th Day^ 2'jth. — Engaged about some improve- 
 ments, viz. a water-cistern, a sink out of the kitchen, 
 and raising my yard a little higher. Much fatigued 
 in the evening. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2%th. — A pleasant, but cool, morning. 
 Attended Week-day Meeting at High Street. After- 
 wards finished sowing and planting flower seeds. Put 
 down 500 herring to-day, from Schuylkill, which some 
 apprehend are the best. 
 
 bth Day^ 2()th. — Attended to my outward affairs 
 most part of this day. 
 
 ph Day^ 30/^. — Employed much as the former, 
 tho' did not neglect to read a portion of Holy Writ. 
 
 1st Day^ 1st of Fifth month. — May Day, and a fine 
 one it really is. Warm enough to be pleasant, and at 
 
02 [5th mo. 2d, 
 
 first thought we might suppose such weather, were it 
 to continue, would be most agreeable, but experience 
 teaches (and nothing more effectually,) that the vicis- 
 situdes of cold and heat, fair and foul weather, are 
 ordered in wisdom incomprehensible, to render us the 
 more happy, (if all is well within,) for by a contrast 
 we are taught more to prize present good, when we 
 have to experience the effect of what is contrary 
 thereto; and if evil, or things which cross our in- 
 clination, are permitted, then to stand in the resigna- 
 tion is best, having confidence in the Divine promise 
 that all things shall work together for good to them 
 who love and fear the Great Name. Let us then, in 
 this perilous wilderness, lean on the Almighty Arm of 
 Power, doing all we can to keep a conscience void of 
 offence towards all men, and more especially towards 
 our Great Creator and Benefactor. Then will things 
 eventually work together for good, and, if we do not 
 see it at the present, time will unfold how much it is 
 for our profit. The husbandman waiteth, and hath 
 long patience, so must we, for we cannot sow and 
 reap both at once — there must be a time for increase. 
 Let us then not be discouraged, but trust. Trust in 
 the Almighty, who will order all things for the best, 
 and we shall find that nothing shall harm us, if we are 
 in sincerity followers of that which is good. 
 
 2d Day^ 2d. — Our Quarterly Meeting, where di- 
 versitv of sentiment appeared, but being preserved in 
 the quietude, peace was preserved, which is the most 
 desirable of all things. 
 
 3^ Da}\, 3^. — Our Youth's Meeting to-day. The 
 younger part of our family were present, but my Dear 
 
I79I-] 33 
 
 and I found freedom to stay away, having some en- 
 gagements of importance on hand, which could scarcely 
 be conducted without my attention and direction. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^th. — This day engaged with some im- 
 provements about my dwelling, which go on with a 
 prospect of success, tho' the care and expense is con- 
 siderable. Fine growing weather. The grain, 'tis 
 said, looks promising, and there is a good prospect 
 for fruit. 
 
 ^th Da)\ ^th. — Engaged about building my water 
 cistern — five workmen about it — so that I was taken 
 up most of the day. Father and Mother Elliott came 
 up in the morning, and staid 'till evening. 
 
 6th Day^ 6th. — Cool for the season ; clear north- 
 erly wind, which was very high and blustering. Was 
 favoured to be pretty well in health. 
 
 "jth Day^ "jth. — Employed to-dav in sundry out- 
 ward concerns. Had some Friends to visit us, and 
 when evening approached could not charge myself with 
 negligence or misspending of precious time. 
 
 1st Day^ Sth. — At Meeting thrice. All silent as 
 to vocal testimony, which, though uncommon, never- 
 theless may be all right. Heard of William Savery 
 getting well to Charleston, after a pretty long rough 
 passage. 
 
 id Day^ (^th, — This day I was more at leisure 
 than common, though not idle. 
 
 'i^d Day^ lOth. — Our Weekly Meeting, and ad- 
 journment of Monthly Meeting in course. Rebecca 
 Jones, Samuel Emlen and Thomas Scattergood, all 
 mentioned their intention of going to Long Island 
 Yearly Meeting, and some further. 
 
 4* 
 
oA [5th mo. iith, 
 
 /\.th Day^ nth. — This day a good deal engaged in 
 some temporal matters. Francis Hopkinson buried 
 to-dav. He died suddenly. Had made some bustle 
 in the world, but his life and death proved the words 
 of the wise man to be well founded, all is vanity and 
 vexation of spirit^ and so it most surely is, independent 
 of Divine approbation in the secret of our own hearts, 
 but that is a sovereign antidote, when well and truly 
 experienced, against all outward evils. 
 
 ^th Day^ ilth. — I found my mind easy to stay 
 from Meeting to-day, as it was not the one I properly 
 belong to. In the evening was poorly with the head- 
 ache, which continued all night very bad. 
 
 6th Day^ 13^/?. — My headache went off about 
 noon, and I was able to attend to some outward con- 
 cerns. Our time swiftly passeth away, whether we 
 employ it well or ill. We are instructed to believe it 
 is to be registered, to be hereafter a criterion of accep- 
 tance or rejection. O, may we ^^give diligence to make 
 our calling and election sure^^ ^^hefore we go hence and 
 are seen of men no more.'" I mean you, my dear chil- 
 dren, for perhaps few or none but you will be privy tOj, 
 these notes and short observations which I have oc- 
 casionally penned. 
 
 ']th Day., \\th. — A very soaking rain last night, 
 which in all probability will prove a great blessing to 
 the land, the last two weeks being exceedingly dry and 
 dusty, so that nature languished, that is the vegetable 
 part of it. 
 
 \st Day., i^th. — At Meeting thrice, where there 
 was good service for Truth. What can we do bet- 
 ter, or more for the peace of our minds, than to put 
 
I79I-] 35 
 
 ourselves in the way of receiving good, spiritual good, 
 and, if strength is afforded, lift up our hearts to our 
 great Creator and Benefactor in thankfulness for His 
 innumerable blessings. Time is short, and swiftlv 
 passeth away. O, my soul, work whilst it is yet day, 
 that so the everlastino- nio-ht may not overtake thee 
 unprepared. 
 
 id Day ^ i6th. — Was much engaged about tem- 
 poral things, which, tho' necessary to be attended to 
 and prudently conducted, if suffered too much to en- 
 gross our time and thoughts, do but embarrass and 
 clog the better part, and sway us down to earth and 
 things of no real moment or importance. O, then, 
 for a more lixely attention and concern for the one 
 thing needful, and to build beyond the reach of sor- 
 row, pain and disappointment. Went, in the even- 
 ing, to see a friend. 
 
 T^d Day^ i']th. — At Meeting in course, John Sky- 
 ren and Ann Drinker were married. The best wine 
 was at the last; after the Meeting for worship the 
 Preparative Meeting was held. Evening, at Thomas 
 Scattergood's ; his children have the small pox. Sey- 
 mour Hart's grand-child died suddenly. Mary Hol- 
 ton, a young woman, buried. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — Three months to-dav since my 
 dear Aunt Mary Armitt died. A fine, pleasant day, 
 the creation being much benefitted by the late season- 
 able rains. Johnny went to Joseph Pickering's, in 
 Bucks Co., 30 odd miles, with E. Langdale. I have 
 some prospect of going to New England this Summer. 
 
 ^th Day^ i()th. — Engaged to-day about paving 
 mv yard and completing our water cistern, which we 
 
36 [5th mo. 20th, 
 
 expect will contain 12 or 14 hogsheads. Went to see 
 a friend in the evening. 
 
 6th Day^ 20th. — A fine rain in the night, which 
 continued part of the forenoon, a blessing to the land, 
 producing food for man and the creatures placed un- 
 der his superintendence. I have my hands full of 
 employment of one kind or another, but 'tis better 
 to be so than idle, for the idle are frequently a bur- 
 then to themselves and others, and oftentimes do but 
 little good to their neighbours or those they are inti- 
 mately connected with. 
 
 ']th Day^ 21st. — Continued engaged about secu- 
 lar affairs, and find, as heretofore, that when they are 
 permitted to engross too much of our time they choke 
 the precious seed, and divert the mind from things of 
 the greatest importance; let us, then, watch the door 
 of the heart. Am favoured with tolerable health, for 
 which I desire to be truly thankful, knowing it to be 
 one of the greatest blessings. 
 
 1st Day^ 2id. — Had the headache most of the 
 day, tho' I attended Meetings, which were satisfactory 
 and to mv comfort. 
 
 2d Day^ ii^d. — This day employed in various 
 concerns that occurred. 
 
 3^ Day^ l\th. — At our Monthly Meeting to-day 
 I acquainted Friends that I found my mind drawn to 
 accompany my beloved friend Thomas Scattergood 
 on his religious visit to New England, with which 
 the Meeting concurred, and a minute was directed on 
 the occasion. In the evening, with mv dear wife, 
 visited brother Joshua and family. 
 
I79I-] 37 
 
 ^th Da}\ 2^th. — My wife's ancient parents spent 
 the day with us. They are exceedingly feeble, but I 
 hope preserved in a good degree of fitness for a re- 
 moval to a better state when it mav please the Great 
 Disposer of events to call them from the troubles of 
 time, having been, for a length of years, circumspect 
 and exemplary in life and con\'ersation. Had a spell 
 of my old complaint. 
 
 ^th Day^ 26th. — This day I had my hair cut off, 
 in hope of its proving beneficial to the disorder I have 
 so long laboured under, and suffered so much pain and 
 misery from, night and day, for thirty or more years. 
 
 6th Day^ 2']th. — This day was occupied in part 
 preparing for my journey to New England, and an- 
 other part in entertaining several Friends who visited 
 us on account of my intention of going from home for 
 a few months. 
 
 7//? I^ay^ 2%th. — A fine morning, nature in full 
 lustre. The creation may be said to be now in her 
 best robe, the blessing of the Great Creator being ev- 
 idently over His works, which calls for thankfulness, 
 for who can count the number of mercies bestowed? 
 
 I now begin with my Journey to New England, 
 
% 
 
 38 [i^h mo. 29th, 
 
 MY JOURNEY 
 
 TO 
 
 New England. 
 
 ist Day, 5th Mo., 29th, 1791. 
 
 After attending the morning Meeting at our North 
 Meeting House, left my own habitation half after one, 
 in company with my beloved friend and Cousin, 
 Thomas Scattergood, who intends for New England 
 in Truth's service. Got to Burlington about six, to 
 a Meeting appointed for the inhabitants of that place, 
 which proved a favoured opportunity, much seasona- 
 ble exhortation and counsel being communicated in a 
 good degree of Gospel authority, and I trust the la- 
 bour bestowed may prove beneficial to some present. 
 The Meeting concluded with prayer. Visited a sick 
 person in the evening. Lodged at John Hoskins' 
 and was favoured to feel pretty well in health. 
 
 2d Day^ T^oth. — Rose about 4, and after breaking 
 our fast, set out about 6. Called to see a widow wo- 
 man, who was supposed to be near her end. My 
 companion was favoured with a word of consolation 
 suitable to her low condition of mind and body. — 
 Reached John Wright's, at Crosswick's, about 10, 
 
I79I-] 39 
 
 and sat the Quarterly Meeting at Chesterfield, which 
 concluded about 4. iVfter dining went in the evening 
 to Jacob Middleton's, in whose family we had an even- 
 ing sitting with divers Friends who were present to 
 good satisfaction. From hence I had an opportunity 
 to write to mv dear wife. 
 
 2^d Day^ 31^/. — This was the Youth's Aleeting 
 day at Crosswick's, in which my beloved friend and 
 kinsman was largely drawn forth to a large audience, 
 consisting of a mixed multitude, and I trust his fer- 
 vent labour will be profitable to the encouragement of 
 many seeking religious minds who were present, and 
 came, some of them, from a considerable distance. — 
 After the conclusion of this Meeting, we set out and 
 rode, in a heavv rain, to Benjamin Clark's, at Stonv 
 Brook, about 12 miles. We were much wet, but 
 were favoured, so that we did not take much cold. 
 
 ^th Da\^ lit of Sixth fnonth. — About 6 we set off, 
 in a drizzlv morning, for Rahway, 35 miles. Got 
 to Brunswick about 12, where we dined, and after- 
 wards proceeded on our journey, and arrived at our 
 quarters at Joseph Shotwell's, about 7 in the evening. 
 Our horse performed well, tho' the roads were \ erv 
 heavy, owing to the heavv rain of the preceding day. 
 Had a sittins; in the familv in the evenino-. 
 
 ^th Dax^ id. — -Morning was foggy and but little 
 wind, yet cleared awav about 8. Mv companion con- 
 cluded to stav the Week-day Meeting here at Rah- 
 wav, which was a comfortable time, his testimonv 
 being consolatory to the sincere in heart, as well as 
 cautionarv to the neslio-ent. After we had dined at 
 Joseph Shotwell's^ he accompanied us to Elizabeth 
 
40 [6th mo. 3d, 
 
 Town Point. The boat got under way about 4, and 
 we had a rough passage over the Bay about 15 miles 
 to New York, where we arrived about 7, and took up 
 our quarters at James Parson's, in Queen Street. 
 
 6th Day^ 3^. — Walked around part of the city, 
 which is much improved since I was here last. Called 
 in to see several Friends. About noon some Friends 
 returned from the Yearly Meeting on Lt)ng Island, 
 which has just concluded, our European women Friends 
 Mary Ridgway and Jane Watson being of the num- 
 ber. Afternoon was at Thomas Dobson's, but he 
 beino; on Long Island, we staid tea with his daughter 
 Peggy, who is lately married to Isaac Sharpless. Af- 
 terwards called in to see the family of John Dean, 
 where Cousin Thomas was enabled to impart some 
 suitable counsel to his wife and some of their children 
 present, who have of later years been largely exercised 
 in the school of affliction. We also paid a short visit 
 to Richard Lawrence's daughter, lately married, and 
 removed to this place from Shrewsbury. 
 
 ']th Day^ \th. — Much rain in the night, which 
 continued 'till break of day. After it held up, went 
 on board Captain Layton's vessel, and engaged our 
 passages to Newport. Dined, by invitation, at Wil- 
 liam Shotwell's, with the European and other Friends. 
 About noon men Friends from the Yearly Meeting at 
 Westbury came to town. Afternoon was employed 
 in setting our horse and chaise on board, in order to 
 be ready for sailing in the morning. We got our horse 
 on board late in the evening; they hoisted him up in 
 slings, and lowered him into the hold with two others, 
 without difficulty or danger. Delivered R. Jones a 
 
I79I-] 4-1 
 
 letter I brought from Philadelphia, and spent part of 
 the evening at Edmund Prior's. 
 
 1st Day^ sth, — A clear cool morning. Forenoon 
 Meeting silent, which was somewhat remarkable, so 
 many public ministers being present. Dined at James 
 Parson's. Afternoon Meeting, Mary Ridgway ap- 
 peared on the subject of carrying so much earth about 
 us. Advised to disincumber ourselves as fast as pos- 
 sible, that we might be enabled to make some advances 
 in our spiritual journey. Tea at our lodgings. Sev- 
 eral Friends kindly came to see us. In the evening 
 was engaged in some necessary matters preparatory to 
 our little voyage to-morrow. 
 
 id Day^ 6th, — Took breakfast early. About 7 
 went on board Captain Layton's vessel. Jas. Bring- 
 hurst, with his wife and son Edward, were our fellow- 
 passengers. Went through a narrow passage com- 
 monly called Hell Gate, about 10, safe and well, tho' 
 the wind was a good deal ahead. Passed many hand- 
 some seats on the two shores of Long and York Is- 
 lands. About one, began to open what is called the 
 Sound, between Long Island and the mainland. Was 
 not sick so far, and found some appetite to dinner. 
 Passed by to-day — Hell Gate, Frog's Point, Stony 
 Point, City Island, Cow Bay, Hempsted Harbour, 
 (here the land looks like gardens by the river side,) 
 Matinicock Point, Oyster Bay, Lloyd's Neck, Eden's 
 Neck, and then New Haven on the Connecticut shore. 
 Made pretty good way in the night, tho' the wind was 
 not very favourable ; run about 40 miles, so that we 
 were abreast of Negro Point when the sun rose — this 
 Point is reckoned halfway between New York and 
 
42 [6th mo. yth, 
 
 Newport. I did not get much sleep, tho' on the 
 whole, felt pretty comfortable. Our Captain stood 
 the deck through the night, being a careful experienced 
 man. 
 
 3^ Day^ ']th — About lO A. M. the wind fell, and 
 the tide being against us, our Captain came to, and we 
 lay at anchor 'till i o'clock. Several vessels passed us 
 bound for New York. Getting under way again, we 
 passed Oyster Pond Point, and came in sight of Plum 
 Island; here Connecticut River opens into the Sound: 
 on which river is Saybrook, and further on is Lyme, a 
 sea-port. As we advanced we passed by the light-house 
 at the entrance of New London Harbour, then Groton 
 andgStonington — towns in Connecticut State. On the 
 right hand we passed by Gull Island, and then en- 
 tered what is called the Horse Race, from an extra- 
 ordinary swift tide, which here runs rapidly. After- 
 wards we went by Gardner's and Fisher's Islands. 
 Block Island is here just discernible. 
 
 After a run of 35 miles from Fisher's Island, we 
 came abreast of Point Judith, which is rocky, and 
 sometimes dangerous in stormy seasons. Montauk 
 Point, the East end of Long Island, here terminates, 
 after which appears the open ocean. A number of 
 boats were out hereabouts fishing for mackerel; we 
 caught a couple, which served us for supper. About 
 10 we turned into our berths, and near i, all being 
 quiet, I went out upon deck, and found we were safe 
 at anchor in Newport Harbour. In a few minutes 
 Captain Cahoon's vessel, on board of which were our 
 Women Friends and many other passengers, passed 
 by and hailed us, and ran in to the wharf at Newport. 
 
I79I-] , 43 
 
 4/^ Day^ Sth. — At break of day our Captain hauled 
 up his anchor, and came alongside the wharf. Soon 
 after Benjamin Hadwen came and invited us to his 
 father, John Hadwen's, house, where we went. — - 
 Thomas Robinson and his son met us by the way, 
 and invited us to his home. We soon got our horse 
 and chaise on shore, and then dined on fish which are 
 here very plenty and good. After dinner walked out 
 in the town, which, we were informed, contained about 
 7,000 inhabitants. Drank tea at Thomas Robinson's, 
 with the European Friends and others. In the even- 
 ing wrote a letter to my dear wife, to go by the packet 
 to-morrow. 
 
 ^th Day^ ()th, — After a good night's rest — not 
 having had my clothes off the two preceding nights — 
 about 9, rode to Portsmouth, 8 miles, where the Yearly 
 Meeting begins to-day. This was the most pleasant 
 ride we have had since we left home, the road being 
 very good, and the prospect, both going and returning, 
 extensive and diversified with land and water — high 
 ridges of the main-land, and an open view of the ocean 
 and a number of islands. The fields, enclosed with 
 stone fences, looked like gardens, with grain and grass 
 in high vigour. 
 
 The Meeting was large — full as many as the 
 house could contain. Many Friends attend it from 
 great distances. Dined at Sampson Shearman's, who 
 has eleven children, six of them daughters nearly grown 
 up, and promise fair to make good wives. Returned 
 to our quarters at Newport in the evening. After- 
 wards went to see Dorcas Earl's and Captain Layton's 
 families, and after dark had a comfortable sitting a 
 
44 [6th mo. loth, 
 
 our lodgings, in which Cousin Thomas appeared with 
 encouraging matter to some states present, and Sarah 
 Lundy prayed with great fervency. My companion 
 also was concerned in testimony at Portsmouth, in the 
 forenoon. 
 
 dth Day^ loth. — The air moderate, and pleasant 
 for the season ; rested well in the night. About six- 
 teen Friends are accommodated with lodgings at 
 Friend Hadwen's; Sarah Lundy, one of them, who 
 purposes to visit Nova Scotia before she returns to 
 her own habitation. 
 
 At 1 1 the Meeting for Worship began, at which 
 appeared Mehetabel Jenkins first, then Sarah Lundy, 
 Jane Watson, and Mary Ridgway — the latter also in 
 supplication. The opportunity was solid and weighty, 
 and I believe the power of Truth generally operated 
 so as to suppress and keep down any improper or un- 
 becoming behaviour in a mixed gathering, supposed 
 to be 1800. 
 
 Dined at Thomas Robinson's, took a dish of tea 
 at Captain Layton's, and in the evening had a com- 
 fortable sitting at our quarters, where T. S. appeared 
 in testimony, and S. Lundy in prayer, to the satisfac- 
 faction and strengthening of most or all who were 
 present. 
 
 'jth Day^ nth. — A fine morning. Walked to 
 the pasture to see our horse, and find he fares well — 
 in clover up to his eyes. Attended the Meeting for 
 business in the morning, and dined at Elizabeth Hunt- 
 ington's, (Ruth Bringhurst's sister). 
 
 Afternoon was present at a committee of the 
 Yearly Meeting. Drank tea at John Earl's, where 
 
I79I-] 4-5 
 
 we had a sitting, in which Patience Brayton and Me- 
 hetabel Jenkins had something comfortable to offer to 
 the sincere in heart present. In the evening there 
 were upwards of 40 Friends at our lodgings. 
 
 1st Day^ 1 1th. — A pleasant morning. Sarah Lun- 
 dy attended Portsmouth Meeting. At Newport, Thos. 
 Scattergood, Jane Watson and Mary Ridgway appeared 
 in testimony, all with good authority, to a crowded 
 audience, many of them not of our community, who, 
 I beheve, were well satisfied. Dined with the Euro- 
 pean Friends and others, at Captain Layton's. 
 
 Afternoon Meeting, Mary Ridgway, Saml. Em- 
 len and Thomas Scattergood had the service, all with 
 clearness and propriety. Some thought there were 
 not much less than 2000 present, tho' not more than 
 one-half Friends. 
 
 At tea at David Williams' who with his wife, a 
 daughter of John Dockra, are a promising young cou- 
 ple. Went afterwards to Thomas Robinson's at the 
 Point, and received a share of the good which was 
 dispensing in a family sitting when we went in. When 
 it concluded, returned to our lodgings, and had another 
 evening sitting, in which T. S. and S. Lundy both 
 appeared. 
 
 This day received my dear wife's letter of the 
 6th inst., which was truly acceptable and satisfactory. 
 Captain Earl arrived to-day, to the rejoicing of his 
 family. Retired to rest about 10, and slept well 'till 
 the day dawned. 
 
 7.d Day^ I'^th — The weather continues fine. — 
 Took breakfast at Ann Carpenter's. She has three 
 daughters, all promising young people, and appears to 
 
^6 [6th mo. 14th, 
 
 live comfortably ; is a meek-spirited agreeable Friend, 
 who thro' tribulation of various kinds, I hope, will be 
 favoured to reach the Port of Rest in due time, as 
 she holds her integrity to the end. 
 
 3^ Day^ \\th. — Meeting did not sit 'till 2 to-day, 
 to give time to the committee to do their business. 
 Dined at Captain Earl's, and called to see his married 
 daughter, wife of Obadiah Williams, who appears to 
 be well settled ; her husband is a saddler. 
 
 The last sitting of the Yearly Meeting was held 
 this day, and the business concluded about 6 in the 
 evening, and my companion and myself, with other 
 strangers present, had our testimonials endorsed. — 
 Drank tea at Giles Honer's, who, I soon discovered, 
 was an Englishman, but had been many years in this 
 country. He was an intimate acquaintance of John 
 Hadwen, being both from Old England. 
 
 Had a solid evening sitting at our lodgings — 
 about thirty present. T. S. was large and satisfac- 
 tory; S. Lundy was concerned in supplication. Re- 
 tired to rest about 11, and slept well. 
 
 A^th Day^ isth. — This day wrote to my dear wife, 
 by Edward Bringhurst, who purposes to sail this even- 
 ing. Many Friends going out of town. 
 
 Called to-day to see Hetty EUery, who confirmed 
 the idea I had long entertained, that those who turn 
 their backs on the Truth in which they have been 
 educated cannot be in possession of true happiness, 
 which can only be attained to by a steady attention and 
 obedience to the dictates of pure wisdom in the secret 
 of our own minds: for however worldly advantages 
 may be possessed and enjoyed, there will be a worm 
 
I79I-] 47 
 
 at the bottom of the gourd, which finally will destroy 
 its pleasant shade and comfort. 
 
 Dined at my lodgings, on fish — this place of New- 
 port being generally allowed to be the best market for 
 that article in North America. 
 
 I have now been eight days in Newport, and had 
 an opportunity of seeing and being conversant among 
 Friends who are universally courteous and respectful, 
 particularly Friend Hadwen's family where we make 
 our home, who, with his good wife and most of the 
 children, are remarkable for that courteous demeanor 
 which, when joined to good understanding, seldom 
 or never fails to gain love and general approbation. 
 
 In the afternoon, took a little ride with Peggy 
 Hadwen to a place which goes by the name of Pur- 
 gatory, being a large rock, split or separated by some 
 great concussion in nature perhaps, as the chasm ap- 
 pears evidently to have been once united. The space 
 or separation appears to be 6 or 8 feet wide, and 20 
 or 30 feet deep, to the level of the water below, which 
 in stormy times dashes in with great violence. 
 
 Here is an open view of the sea, and in going to 
 this part of the island I passed by the place where my 
 dear wife, about 28 years ago, went into the salt water, 
 in hopes of its being beneficial to her health. 
 
 This evening we had a sitting in the family, when 
 our friend T. Scattergood had a word of encourage- 
 ment to the well-minded. 
 
 ^th Day^ i6th. — This was Newport Week-day 
 Meeting, at which our European Women Friends 
 were present. Mary Ridgway was engaged in testi- 
 mony, in which she had to mention the great exercise 
 
48 [6th mo. 17th, 
 
 of her mind since she came to this place, and the 
 prospect she had of a heavy cloud which hung over 
 this island. What it contained she had not yet 
 been favoured to discover, but to her spiritual eye it 
 appeared very black and dark, and she had a sense 
 given her that in the end it would burst on some of 
 the inhabitants of this land, and its effects would be 
 equally dreadful with the fire and brimstone which was 
 ancientlv by the Lord rained down upon the people of 
 Sodom ; and her desire was that the professors of the 
 blessed Truth amongst us might seek in time to Him 
 whose Name and Power only could prove a refuge 
 from the storm, and an invincible defence in every 
 exigency and danger, concluding with something con- 
 solatory to the upright and sincere in heart, who should 
 witness preservation under the wing of Everlasting 
 Mercy and Love. 
 
 Dined at our lodgings, with many other Friends, 
 after which Mary Ridgway was concerned in a family 
 sitting to speak to the states of divers present with the 
 voice of consolation and encouragement. Latter part 
 of the afternoon went with Peggy Hadwen to see 
 Gould Marsh and family. The evening was spent 
 at home, pleasant and cheerful, yet I trust innocent. 
 
 6th Day^ I'jth. — After breakfast my companion 
 and self, with the European and many other Friends, 
 went over to Connanicut, about 3 miles, to an ap- 
 pointed Meeting. This island is fruitful and pleasant, 
 about 9 miles long and i broad. We passed by sev- 
 eral smaller ones in going over. The Meeting was 
 comfortable and satisfactory. Mary Ridgway and 
 Jane Watson had the principal service. 
 
I79I-] 49 
 
 Mary's testimony was adapted to the state of the 
 audience, who appeared to be a sober and well inclined 
 people, who had not many opportunities of religious 
 instruction. They were affectionately recommended 
 to the Word nigh in the heart, which is sufficient to 
 lead its faithful followers into all Truth, as it is dili- 
 gently obeyed. 
 
 We dined at Joseph Green's, near the ferry, about 
 30 or more of us, and were kindly entertained. His 
 son married John Earl's daughter. We returned to 
 Newport in the evening, and were wet with a fine 
 shower, which 'tis likely may prove beneficial to the 
 thirsty land which languished for refreshment. 
 
 After I returned, wrote a long letter to my son 
 Caleb by Edward Bringhurst, who has been some days 
 detained, by reason of the wind being ahead. Had 
 something of the headache in the evening, and went 
 to bed early, and after a painful night was favoured to 
 be pretty comfortable when the day broke ; and so I 
 rose early, which I found to be refreshing to my out- 
 ward frame and strengthening to my mind. 
 
 'jth Day^ iStb. — This day we had no Meeting; 
 my companion went to see some of the children of 
 affliction. Dined at home on black-fish and plaice — 
 both very good fish — which article the inhabitants of 
 Newport are supplied with, both plenty and cheap, all 
 the year round. 
 
 Afternoon, took a ride with Peggy and Dorcas 
 Hadwen and Sally Dennis, to Samuel Elam's place or 
 farm, about 5 miles from town, where we took tea. 
 His house is in elegant style. Walked around his 
 garden, and some part of his land near the shore, and 
 
50 [6th mo. 19th, 
 
 saw a large button-wood tree, which they said meas- 
 ured six yards around the body. Had a delightful 
 ride home, where we arrived in the close of the 
 evening. 
 
 J St Day^ i()th, — At morning Meeting our friend 
 Hugh Judge, from Wilmington, in the Delaware State, 
 who has been in those parts about 15 months or more, 
 was engaged in testimony and prayer. Dined at Giles 
 Honer's. The afternoon Meeting was silent, but 
 satisfactory. Walked to our quarters in a fine rain, 
 which will doubtless do much good in the vegetable 
 kingdom, now in its pride. 
 
 After tea had a sitting in the family, when my 
 companion was concerned to exercise his ministerial 
 gift, and was engaged to speak to the aged and also to 
 the youth present, by way of encouragement and com- 
 fort. Divers Friends called in to see us in the even- 
 ing, which passed in pleasant conversation, and we 
 retired to rest a httle after 10, with a view of leaving 
 this place to-morrow morning. 
 
 Two inhabitants of this town were interred to- 
 day. From what I have experienced in respect to the 
 weather so far, I judge it to be several degrees cooler 
 on this island than at my native place. The air from 
 the sea surrounding it makes it full a garment cooler, 
 and very pleasant and healthy, so that in the heat of 
 Summer here is a great resort of strangers from the 
 Southern parts of the continent. 
 
 2d Day ^ 20th. — My companion being easy to leave 
 Newport, we set off about 9, and crossed the river 
 which separates Rhode Island from the main-land, at 
 Fogland's Ferry, to which Barney and Dorcas Had- 
 
I79I.] 51 
 
 wen bore us company. We had but an unfavourable 
 passage over, being about a mile wide. 
 
 Soon after we landed, we dined at a friendly man's 
 house, where my companion was exercised in his gift, 
 just before we set ofF, to about half a dozen sober per- 
 sons who were present, and not of our Society. 
 
 We then put forward for Bedford, by the lower 
 road over Hicks' Bridge, and riding over 20 miles of 
 the roughest and most stony land I ever saw, reached 
 Abraham Russel's, at Bedford, about 9 at night, where 
 we understood that our Women Friends, with Samuel 
 Emlen, Sarah Lundy, and divers others, had got into 
 William Rotch's a little while before us. 
 
 We also were informed that Capt. Parker pur- 
 posed to sail at the 6th hour in the morning for Nan- 
 tucket, with whom we concluded to embark. We 
 left our horse and chaise under the care of our kind 
 friend Russel. 
 
 This town of Bedford is a little sea-port, and 
 most of the inhabitants are concerned in the fishing 
 trade — particularly those of the Rotch family, who 
 carry on a considerable trade from this place, and are 
 concerned in the spermaceti works here. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2ist. — This is called the longest day in 
 the year, and proved a fine agreeable morning. Tho' 
 the wind was not suflicient to promise a speedy passage 
 over to Nantucket, yet we put ofF about the time ap- 
 pointed, but were 'till towards 11 without making 
 much way ahead ; however, the wind then freshened, 
 and we sailed at the rate of 5 knots an hour. Later 
 in the afternoon the wind increased, and we run 7 or 8 
 knots, and passed Wood's Hole and Martha's Vine- 
 
52 [6th mo. 2ist, 
 
 yard, and so into the main ocean. About 5 o'clock 
 had sight of the wind-mills on Nantucket. 
 
 Out of about 25 passengers, about 4 were sea- 
 sick, and those not to any great degree. For my own 
 part, I had a good appetite, and felt pretty comforta- 
 ble, and as I apprehended a spell of sea-sickness would 
 not hurt me, expressed my willingness to have taken 
 our friend Jane Watson's share, if it could have been 
 transferred. 
 
 At sunset we were within about 2 miles of Sher- 
 burn, the principal town on Nantucket, where we 
 landed about 8 o'clock. This place contains about 
 500 houses, built generally of timber, and 4,500 in- 
 habitants, chiefly Friends. They are mostly em- 
 ployed in the fisheries and other branches of business 
 which depend thereon. There are about eight or nine 
 spermaceti works in the town and on the island ; five 
 or six hundred head of cows and cattle, two or three 
 hundred horses, and about seven thousand sheep — the 
 latter kept as common property, and run at large on 
 the island, there being but little fencing. This and 
 the preceding day was their time of shearing, at which 
 there is a kind of festival. 
 
 We took up our quarters at Samuel Rodman's, 
 (who married William Rotch's daughter,) which is 
 one of the principal houses for entertaining Friends 
 on the island. Wm. Rotch, Jr. and Thomas Rotch 
 each married a sister of Samuel Rodman, and are 
 both settled at Bedford ; so also is Thomas Hazard, 
 whose wife is another sister. They are all concerned 
 in business together, as I understood, that is the fish- 
 ery, having a number of vessels in the trade. 
 
I79I-] 53 
 
 At S. Rodman's also lodged M. Ridgway, J. 
 Watson, S. Emlen, S. Lundy, E. Martin, and Wm. 
 Rotch (the younger), besides ourselves and some others. 
 This island is called about 12 miles long, and 3 or 4 
 broad ; and they raise Indian corn, rye and oats, and a 
 variety of garden produce. Our passage occupied 13 
 hours. 
 
 ^.th Day^ 22d. — Having had a comfortable night's 
 rest after our little voyage, rose between 4 and 5, and 
 after breakfast went in to see Sarah Barney, who lives 
 a few doors from our lodgings; then called in at Jo- 
 siah Barker's; afterwards at Wm. Brown's, where we 
 had a sitting — T. S. and S. E. being in company, who 
 both had something to communicate — then came home 
 and dined at a table plentifully spread. 
 
 After dinner visited Jethro Mitchel, and called in 
 to see a new house built by Peter Folger, which has 
 a flat roof, as have several others in this place, which 
 they say answers well. 
 
 Towards evening came home, and felt a good 
 deal weary with our walk through the sandy streets 
 of Sherburn, — tho' I judge the heat is more moderate 
 than in our city at this season, the mercury standing 
 at about 66 degrees. In the evening it rained a little, 
 which brought our other lodgers home, when we had 
 a solid sitting together in silence, and afterwards spent 
 the evening together in agreeable conversation. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2^d. — This was Week-day Meeting in 
 course, which began at 11, and was a large gathering. 
 Jane Watson and Samuel Emlen had the principal 
 service. A Preparative Meeting was also held, which 
 sat long. 
 
 6 
 
^^ [6th mo. 24th, 
 
 After dinner, walked out into the town, and re- 
 turned towards evening, when the neighbours coming 
 in, there was a family sitting. Jane Watson and Mary 
 Ridgway appeared in testimony, and Thomas Scatter- 
 good in prayer, all to our comfort and encouragement 
 in well-doing. 
 
 6th Day^ 2^th, — A foggy morning, which is not 
 uncommon here, but as it comes off the sea, they are 
 not reckoned unwholesome. We dined to-day, by 
 invitation, at Josiah Bartlett's, with many other Friends. 
 Our European Friends were not of the number, on 
 account of some indisposition. 
 
 Afternoon, in company with William Rotch and 
 two other Friends, took a ride out on the island, which 
 is level for the most part, and a light sandy soil. Ob- 
 served their Indian corn, rye and oats to be very light; 
 I think the probable produce (in our country,) would 
 not be accounted more than a quarter of a crop. 
 
 We went to a fishing town called Siasconset, 
 about 8 miles from Sherburn, which contained about 
 20 comfortable houses, but had but one or two fami- 
 lies in them at present, being not the time for taking 
 fish. We returned to our quarters in the evening, 
 and had a good night's rest. 
 
 'jth Day^ l^th. — A foggy morning; cleared away 
 about 10, when we went to their Monthly Meeting, 
 which was large — there being about 300 families of 
 Friends on the island. J. Watson, M. Ridgway, S. 
 E. and T. S. all had some service, and, with an ad- 
 journed sitting in the afternoon, it did not conclude 
 'till near dark, tho' they had a good clerk, and the 
 business, I thought, was well-conducted. 
 
I79I-] 55 
 
 In the e\ening divers Friends arrived from the 
 main-land, with a view of attending the Quarterly 
 Meeting now coming on, which goes by the name of 
 Sandwich, and is held here once in the year. 
 
 1st Day^ i6th. — It is thought about forty or fifty 
 Friends have arrived from distant parts to attend the 
 Quarterly Meeting. This day M. R. and J. Watson 
 were both poorly, and did not get to Meeting; how- 
 ever, we were favoured with a satisfactory one. 
 
 Forenoon, Samuel Emlen and Thomas Scatter- 
 good were both engaged in religious labour; Sarah 
 Lundy appeared in prayer. The Meeting was large, 
 and a great proportion were young people, more women 
 than men, the latter being (many of them) out at sea. 
 The testimonies delivered were close and searching, 
 tho' on the whole encouraging. Afternoon, my com- 
 panion was also concerned in a public way. 
 
 In the evening there was a comfortable sitting at 
 our lodgings. T. S., J. W., S. E., and M. R. were 
 large in testimony, and my companion T. S. also ap- 
 peared in supplication. The scope and tendency of 
 what was delivered, was, to encourage to diligence and 
 faithfulness in pursuing the right road to future hap- 
 piness ; to work whilst the day of visitation was length- 
 ened out, and not to withdraw from manifested duty, 
 lest we should incur Divine displeasure, as time was 
 short, and the business of it of the greatest conse- 
 quence and importance. 
 
 2d Day^2']th.-~-WQ took a ride a little way in the 
 country this morning — had a view of the sea and light- 
 house — after which we returned and dined at William 
 Hussey's. Took a dish of tea at Jethro Mitchel's, 
 
56 [6th mo. 28th, 
 
 and then called to see Peter Barney. In the evening 
 was not very well, and had but a poor night. Wrote 
 to my dear wife. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2'^th. — This day the Quarterly Meeting 
 for business was held, which continued, by adjourn- 
 ment, in the afternoon. Dined at our lodgings. The 
 last sitting continued 'till dusk. When we came home 
 were much worn down und fatigued. 
 
 /^th Day^ 2C)th. — Breakfasted at the widow Bar- 
 ker's. Afterwards went home and wrote a long piece, 
 with an intention of putting it into my collection when 
 I get to my home in Philadelphia : it is on the subject of 
 the Excellency of the Christian Religion. Dined at 
 Sarah Barney's, with our good Women and several 
 other Friends. Afternoon, wrote to my dear wife. 
 
 ^th Day^ '}pth. — Had some thoughts to-day about 
 crossing over to Bedford, but it was finally concluded, 
 chiefly on Mary Ridgway's account, to defer going to 
 another day, especially as the wind is not altogether 
 fair. So we went to the usual Week-day Meeting, 
 where Mary Mitchel, Jane Watson, and Mary Ridg- 
 way were engaged in testimony and prayer. It was 
 a solid favoured time. Dined at Samuel Rodman's. 
 After dinner went to inquire for an opportunity of for- 
 warding a letter I wrote in the morning to my son 
 Johnny, and one to my wife, which I forwarded by 
 Capt. Wing for New York. 
 
 bth Day^ 1st 0/ Seventh month. — The wind being 
 still contrary, prevented any of our company from 
 crossing over to the main. In the morning several of 
 us (M. R. and J. Watson of the number,) rode out a 
 few miles to the sea-shore, and after a pleasant airing 
 
I79I-] 57 
 
 of 7 or 8 miles, returned home and dined ; after which 
 S. Emlen and some others went out of town in two 
 chaises, and returned in the evening. 
 
 I employed myself in transcribing a piece of writ- 
 ing, which I finished in the evening. After dark, a 
 family sitting took place, when T. S. and J. W. were 
 concerned in a word of exhortation, and after some 
 pleasant improving conversation, we retired to our rest, 
 and were favoured with a good night. 
 
 ']th Da}\ 2d. — This morning dawned and afforded 
 a favourable wind, which several of our company will 
 make use of to return to Bedford, about sixty miles. 
 About 10, Capt. Parker in the packet left the wharf, 
 with 25 passengers, but my companion and Samuel 
 Emlen concluded to stay over First-day, that is to- 
 morrow, and wait 'till next trip, which probably may 
 be the beginning of the week. We had a favoured 
 parting Meeting at Saml. Rodman's, when a number 
 of Friends accompanied our European visitors and 
 divers others, on board, there being a good prospect 
 of a favourable run over to the place of destination. 
 
 Dined with several Friends at Jethro Mitchel's ; 
 afterwards called to see Jonathan Jenkins, and then 
 took a ride about three miles with S. Rodman and his 
 wife and five children, to see some of the Indian na- 
 tives, a very few of whom yet remain on the island, 
 where they were formerly very numerous; and there 
 are still, at a neighbouring island called Martha's Vine- 
 yard, about one hundred and fifty, who make out to 
 live pretty comfortably, having a tract of land secured 
 to them and their posterity by the government of Mas- 
 sachusetts. 
 
 6* 
 
58 [yth mo. 3d, 
 
 1st Day^ 3^. — A cool day, the wind being in the 
 Eastern board. At morning Meeting Mary Mitchel 
 and Samuel Emlen had the service; afternoon, Thos. 
 Scattergood, S. Emlen and Mary Mitchel. Drank 
 tea at William Brown's. Came home at dusk, and 
 found them sitting in silence. After we came in, T. 
 S. and S. E. had a word of exhortation to drop; and 
 so this day ended — I hope not unprofitably. 
 
 id Day^ \th. — The wind continues Easterly and 
 quite cool. After breakfast, T. S., S. E., and seve- 
 ral others of us visited three families, and a portion of 
 good was handed out for their encouragement. Walked 
 down to the wharf, when S. Emlen agreed to embark 
 with Captain Gardner for Newport. About i he em- 
 barked, and the vessel put off with a fair wind; but 
 my beloved companion does not find himself at liberty 
 to leave this island yet, which was no small cross to 
 us, at least it was particularly so to me, who felt very 
 willing and desirous to be moving a little ahead, so as 
 to have a prospect of finishing our work. 
 
 i^d Day^ ^th. — Captain Parker returned from Bed- 
 ford this morning, and reported that our friends who 
 went over with him had a good passage of about nine 
 hours. Dined to-day at George Hussey's, where we 
 had a sitting. We then visited the family of Benj. 
 Worth, where a portion of comfort and encourage- 
 ment was dispensed. When this concluded we pro- 
 ceeded to Benj. Barney's, where my companion and 
 Sarah Lundy were again furnished with something 
 suitable to communicate. 
 
 We then went over to Jethro Mitchel's, and took 
 some refreshments, and so returned to our lodgings in 
 
 > DC 
 
I79I.] 59 
 
 the evening, when divers of the neighbours coming 
 in, further service in a religious way ensued, and S. 
 Lundy concluded in supplication, so that I heard, at 
 the several opportunities this day, six sermons and two 
 prayers. May I profit in proportion to the mercies 
 bestowed. 
 
 ^th Day^ 6th. — Dined to-day at William Macy's, 
 and had tea at William Brown's, where we had a 
 satisfactory sitting in which E. Martin appeared in a 
 short prayer. T. S. and S. Lundy also had a word 
 in season to the exercised traveller, and Sarah Lundy 
 concluded with supplication. 
 
 After we came home to our quarters, several 
 Friends dropped in, and falling into silence. Cousin 
 Thomas had a communication of considerable length, 
 and S. L. also, which delayed supper 'till lo, after 
 which went to bed and slept comfortably 'till morning. 
 
 Nothing contributes more to true happiness than 
 a peaceful mind — without which, that is to say a good 
 conscience, there most certainly can be no such thing 
 attainable. Let us then, make it our principal object 
 and aim, and relinquish every inferior satisfaction to 
 pursue it alone. 
 
 ^th Day^ 'jth, — This was Week-day Meeting, 
 in which Thomas and Sarah had laborious service — the 
 latter concluded the Meeting in prayer. Dined at our 
 kind friend Jethro Mitchel's. 
 
 In the afternoon visited Joseph Harris' family, 
 where my companion had service. Then called at 
 Richard Mitchel's and Jonathan Macy's — the last men- 
 tioned being a blind Friend and Elder. At all these 
 places our Ministering Friends had employment in their 
 
6o [7th mo. 8th, 
 
 gifts, and I hope to profit, at least to those who make 
 the necessary improvement by the labour in much love 
 bestowed. Evening was spent at our lodgings, as a 
 number of Friends called in, as usual ; we were mostly 
 drawn into silence, and there was an addition to the 
 labour of the day. Got to bed about 11, and was 
 favoured with a good rest 'till morning. 
 
 6th Day^ Sth. — High Northerly wind, which pre- 
 vents the packet going over to Bedford, and Captain 
 Worth to Hahfax. In the last-mentioned vessel S. 
 Lundy and her companions, Dorcas Brown and Jos. 
 Harris, expect to embark on a religious visit to Friends 
 in Nova Scotia, where some under our name have been 
 driven and dispersed by the convulsions occasioned by 
 the late war. 
 
 Dined at Richard Mitchel's, and when we rose 
 from table, a messenger came to acquaint us that Cap- 
 tain Worth was ready to put to sea, the wind having 
 come fair, and he was anxious to make use of it; so 
 we immediately took our departure to Samuel Rod- 
 man's. From there we conveyed the Friends' stores 
 down to the packet, and with six or eight Friends 
 went on board the Halifax vessel, which lay without 
 the bar. Got on board about 5 P. M. with some dif- 
 ficulty, there being a large swell. Returned back in 
 the evening, having seen the Friends safe on board 
 and under sail. 
 
 Found a vessel just arrived from Philadelphia, but 
 no letters from my family. After dark walked down 
 to the water to take a view of the light-house, which 
 is about I o miles distant, on a sandy point of this island, 
 and is of great use to the trade in these parts. 
 
I79I-] " ^^ 
 
 qth Day^ gth. — My companion was poorly to-day, 
 and kept mostly within doors. Captain Waterman 
 arrived from Philadelphia, but we had no letters. The 
 Friends on their way for Halifax have a fine wind, 
 with pleasant weather. Dined on fresh cod-fish. Af- 
 ter dinner, rode out about four miles, in company with 
 S. Rodman, E. Martin and some others; viewed the 
 public corn-field, (about three or four hundred acres 
 in one body,) tho' it appeared pinched with the drouth 
 — the soil being light and sandy. We were shown 
 the place where our friend John Richardson had that 
 memorable meeting, mentioned in his journal in the 
 year 1701. 
 
 Jst Day^ lOth. — A fine morning. Wind at S.W. 
 which is fair for our friends bound to Halifax. At 
 Meeting in the forenoon my companion had a favoured 
 time, which afforded considerable ease to his exercised 
 mind. The common First-day Meeting here, I think, 
 is quite equal in numbers to our North Meeting in 
 Philadelphia. The afternoon Meeting was silent, and 
 smaller than that in the morning. After dark had a 
 family sitting, which concluded the day. 
 
 2d Day^ nth. — My companion, apprehending he 
 should be most easy to have a meeting with some so- 
 ber people about 6 miles eastward on the island, agree- 
 able to his prospect, one was appointed at the third 
 hour. Several Friends from Sherburn accompanied us, 
 and he had an open satisfactory time among them, 
 and came home relieved. In his way back, he, with 
 some other Friends, called to visit a young woman 
 who had been some time in a declining state of health 
 and thought to be near the solemn close. 
 
62 [yth mo. I2th, 
 
 In the evening a number of Friends came to our 
 lodgings, and after sitting some time in silence Cousin 
 Thomas had a word of encouragement to the well- 
 minded 5 and so this day finished. 
 
 3^' Day^ 1 2th. — A pleasant morning, with the wind 
 at S. W. Wrote several letters to-day. Afternoon, 
 took a walk to a part of the town I had not before 
 been in. Drank tea at Svlvanus Macy's. In the 
 evening divers friends called to see us, and after sit- 
 ting awhile in silence, without any verbal communi- 
 cation, we parted, and at the usual time retired to our 
 chamber, and rested 'till the dawn of another day. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^3^^^- — This day we went on board the 
 packet with Captain Parker, with a fair wind for Bed- 
 ford — our company, Samuel Rodman and wife, our 
 kind hosts, Hannah Rodman, his sister, Wm. Shot- 
 well, Elizabeth Martin, Cousin Thomas Scattergood, 
 and myself. The freshness of the wind made some 
 of us, especially our women, a good deal sick. 
 
 We arrived at Bedford in about 9 hours, and found 
 our friends Mary Ridgway and Jane Watson at Wm. 
 Rotch's, just returned from visiting some Meetings in 
 the neighbourhood between Providence and that place. 
 
 Here we heard of the decease of Job Scott's wife, 
 (a heavy stroke to him,) having left behind her six 
 small children, and not in affluent circumstances. In 
 the evening went up to Abraham Russel's, where we 
 lodged. Our horse was in good order, having been 
 well taken care of during the three weeks we had been 
 on Nantucket. 
 
 ^th Day^ i\th. — Was favoured to be pretty well 
 after the fatigue of yesterday's passage, and thankful 
 
I79I.] 63 
 
 we had got to the main-land again. Attended the 
 Week-day Meeting at Bedford, where my companion 
 had acceptable service. Dined at W. Rotch's. After- 
 wards went to view the shipping and town, and returned 
 to our lodgings early, in order to write to my family. 
 
 6th Day^ i^th. — This morning finished three let- 
 ters, which I committed to the care of Cousin Lizzie 
 Martin, who is returning home to Rahway. She set 
 off this morning about 8, after which we went to Long 
 Plain Meeting, about 9 miles. M. Ridgway, Jane 
 Watson, and my companion had acceptable service 
 therein. Dined at a Friends' House, near the Meet- 
 ing. Afterwards came back to Bedford in good time 
 in the evening. 
 
 jth Day^ 16th. — There being no public Meeting 
 to-day, we went round to visit our friends — as Caleb 
 Green's, Barnabas Russel's, Thos. and Wm. Rotch's 
 — where we dined with the European Friends and 
 other Friends. Took tea at T. Rotch's, and had a 
 sitting afterwards. Here our friend J. W. mentioned 
 the common saying that "prevention is better than 
 cure," and applied it in a spiritual sense, with that fit- 
 ness that I hope may have some good eff^ect, if we 
 practice what she so well recommended — that was, 
 obedience to Divine requirings early, and so prevent 
 the long train of evils which result from a departure 
 from the law of the Lord, written and unfolded in the 
 secret of our own minds from day to day, which will 
 produce that best of treasures, peace to the soul when 
 our race in this world is finally ended. 
 
 jst Day^ I'jth. — Attended Meeting at Bedford, 
 which I thought was made up of between three and 
 
64 [7^^^ "^o- ^^^K 
 
 four hundred persons, many of them not members of 
 our Society. Cousin Thomas Scattergood had the 
 principal service in a doctrinal way. J. W. followed 
 him, and then he appeared in supplication. So the 
 morning sitting ended — I think, well. Dined at Bar- 
 nabas Russel's, who has a large flock of children. 
 
 Afternoon Meeting, T. S. was first concerned in 
 testimony, and M. R. made an addition to various 
 states present, which, we understood afterwards was 
 fitly spoken, there being several seeking persons from 
 different parts at the Meeting. 
 
 When it concluded, we called in to see Joseph 
 Austin and James Davis, Timothy's brother, who is 
 in jthe ministry, and well approved. At both these 
 places Thomas dropped some tender counsel. Drank 
 tea at Thos. Hazard's, after which had a sitting with 
 about 25 Friends at William Rotch's, where all our 
 Ministering Friends were engaged in testimony, after 
 which we returned to our lodgings at Abraham Rus- 
 sel's, 
 
 id Day J iSth. — This morning early, Mary and 
 Jane, S. Rodman and wife, Jesse Coupland, and an- 
 other Friend or two, set off for Falmouth, about 40 
 miles, in order to be at an appointed Meeting there 
 on Third Day. My companion and I also got on the 
 road about 9, to attend Aponiganset Monthly Meet- 
 ing. Thomas was largely drawn forth to a large au- 
 dience, in a close searching testimony, yet with cau- 
 tion not to hurt the tender, precious life in any humble 
 sincere hearts ; some such, we had reason to hope, 
 were present. The Meeting continued from 1 1 'till 
 6, and was wearisome to the body. 
 
I79I.] 65 
 
 Called at a Friend's house about half a mile from 
 the Meeting House, and took some refreshment. — 
 Then went to Wm. Rotch's at Bedford, and drank 
 tea, and took our leave of his and several other fami- 
 lies, intending for Sandwich to-morrow. Came home 
 to our lodgings after dark, and retired to rest. 
 
 3<i Day^ ic)th. — Left a letter for my dear wife 
 with Sally Russel, and, it being a most lovely morn- 
 ing, set off for Sandwich about 7, and in about 8 or 
 9 miles riding got off the stones, and into the other 
 extreme among the sands, which was as heavy and 
 difficult for the horse in our heavy chaise. 
 
 The land in this day's ride was very poor, so that 
 we pitied the inhabitants who had to get their living 
 out of such a barren soil. However, I have frequently 
 made this remark, that those indigent people who have, 
 from one generation to another, been accustomed to 
 such a scant subsistence, seldom lay it much to heart, 
 but endure the ills of life with full as much fortitude, 
 and with less complaint or repining, than those in a 
 higher sphere ; for happiness consists very much in a 
 contentment and resignation to our lot, and nature 
 being easily reconciled to small things, food, clothes, 
 and fire are all that the opulent can enjoy, and the 
 very great fullness which some rest in often produces 
 cares, anxieties, vexations, and disappointments which 
 the poor are in a great measure exempt from. In 
 our passage through the wilderness of this world there 
 is but one object which ought to engage our principal 
 pursuit and attention, that is, the securing a better in- 
 heritance in a future state, where sorrow, pain and 
 grief cannot invade or annoy. 
 
66 [yth mo. 20th, 
 
 Dined at Israel Fearing's, a poor inn, and fed our 
 horses — Joseph Austin and Abraham Smith kindly 
 bearing us company. Set off about 3, and reached 
 Paul Wing's about 7, where we lodged. 
 
 ^th Day^ 20th. — In the morning, after breakfast, 
 my companion was disposed to have the family, con- 
 sisting of 9 children besides others of the family, to- 
 gether, and he had something suitable to drop amongst 
 them ', and we left them in a loving tender frame, and 
 rode a few miles to Joseph Wing's, where we left our 
 horses, and walked to Sandwich Meeting through the 
 rain, where Cousin Thomas, Jane, and Mary all ap- 
 peared in testimony. 
 
 After we had dined, went forward about 1 1 miles 
 through the wet, to John Wing's, where we were 
 well accommodated, and rising early on 
 
 ^th Day^ 2ist^ set out about 5, in order to attend 
 Yarmouth Meeting, about 15 miles, which we rode 
 in a heavy rain, and reached the appointed Meeting 
 there about the usual time of gathering. They were 
 but a small company of about 40 persons, and very 
 raw and undisciplined. However, there was a portion 
 meted out by all our Ministering Friends, which would, 
 if properly applied and improved, prove wholesome 
 nourishment, and tend to invigorate and strengthen 
 their spiritual senses and faculties. But what can we 
 say or do for those who are dead, and even buried, 
 as to any sense or savour of the Divine quickening, 
 animating life proceeding from the Fountain of all 
 Fulness? In short, nothing less than the power and 
 efficacvof His tremendous judgment can ever awaken 
 those who are as it were dead in trespasses and sins. 
 
I79I.] 67 
 
 Cousin Thomas had an opportunity in the family 
 where we dined, after the other Friends had set off, 
 but we overtook them after riding 7 or 9 miles, and 
 all returned together to John Wing's, where we had 
 a sitting in the evening. T. S. had a word of en- 
 couragement to some present, after which we retired 
 to our chambers, being a good deal fatigued with 30 
 miles of riding, through the rain mostly. 
 
 This is in general a poor part of the Massachu- 
 setts State, except here and there some spots of toler- 
 able land, supported in great measure by salt marsh, 
 which in some places are extensive. Barnstable — 
 which we passed through — is a pretty noted town, 
 and produces abundance of onions, which are culti- 
 vated to advantage. Further down on the peninsula 
 of Cape Cod, which runs perhaps 40 miles further 
 out into the ocean, the land is so poor that the Gov- 
 ernment has not only exempted the inhabitants from 
 taxation, but allowed them a bounty for continuing to 
 carry on the fishery, which is the principal support of 
 the settlers hereaway. 
 
 6th Day^ 22d. — The weather proving fair this 
 morning, after breakfast, and a sitting in our Friend 
 John Wing's family — in which Mary Ridgway and 
 Jane Watson were led to speak with great plainness 
 and in a close manner to the head of the family — we 
 proceeded on our way to Sandwich, and when we came 
 near to that place my companion expressed that his 
 mind was easy to go on towards Boston. So we stopped 
 at Joseph Wing's, and took our leave of our Women 
 Friends, and his family, and went on about 12 o'clock, 
 with Aaron Wing as a pilot. 
 
68 [yth mo. 23d^ 
 
 Dined at Ellis' Tavern by the sea-side; so put 
 forward, and it proved warm and sultry going through 
 the woods in such sandy roads as we found hereabouts. 
 We were obliged to go moderately, and therefore did 
 not reach Plymouth 'till near 7. 
 
 This is the place where the first settlers in New 
 England landed, I think, about the year 1632. It is 
 now a town of about 200 houses, the people all of the 
 Presbyterian profession; their business, chiefly fishing 
 for cod. They have a good harbour, and conveni- 
 ences for drying their fish, which is their principal 
 dependence, as the land around the town appears very 
 light and unproductive. 
 
 Baiting our horse and refreshing ourselves, we 
 kept on, and after a difiicult travel in the dark, came, 
 about 1 1 at night, to Elizabeth Gould's, at Pembroke, 
 who got up and entertained us kindly, and we rested 
 well 'till morning. 
 
 ph Day^ 23^. — Fair weather. On the road about 
 6, passing by Pembroke Meeting House, where our 
 European Friends are to be to-morrow. We called 
 at John Bayley's, who kindly put us on our way a few 
 miles, our guide, Aaron Wing, parting with us here. 
 
 Passing through Hanover we came to Weymouth ; 
 here we dined at an inn, and in the afternoon pur- 
 sued our way to Boston, (the road being populous and 
 good,) where we arrived about 7, and rode through 
 the main street to our lodging at Griffith Barney's, at 
 New Boston, who received us kindly. 
 
 Here we had the pleasure of seeing two of our 
 townsmen, Joseph Richardson and Jonathan Willis, 
 who brought us several letters from our friends in 
 
1 791.] 69 
 
 Philadelphia, which contained a satisfactory account 
 of their welfare. 
 
 1st Day^ 2^th. — Attended two Meetings in Bos- 
 ton to-day — at each of which Cousin Thomas had 
 something to communicate, particularly in the after- 
 noon, which concluded with supplication. 
 
 There are but few members of our society in 
 Boston — not more than 6 or 7 families — and it seems 
 as if the innocent blood shed in this town about 130 
 years ago was not yet atoned for; 'tho the present 
 generation are much altered in respect to their conduct 
 towards Friends, as persecution on a religious account 
 hath long since ceased, and they are now even exempt 
 from militia fines, and the support of an hireling min- 
 istry and worship houses. 
 
 Wrote to my dear wife, by Jos. Richardson, who 
 sets off for Philadelphia to-morrow, in the stage. Dined 
 at Griffith Barney's, and drank tea at Ann Orrick's. 
 
 2d Day^ 25/^. — Had my horse shod, and chaise 
 oiled and rubbed up by a coach-maker. Walked out 
 to see the town, in company with Ebenezer Pope — 
 first to Beacon Hill, which commands an extensive 
 view of the town, the harbour. Castle Island, (also 
 many other islands in the bay within 7 or 10 miles,) 
 Gov. Hancock's house, Cambridge town and Uni- 
 versity, Bunker's Hill, where the bloody battle was 
 fought between the British and Americans in the be- 
 ginning of the late civil wars. A monument is erec- 
 ted on Beacon Hill, which must have cost a consider- 
 able sum, and on it are inscribed the memorable events 
 of the distressing times we have of later years passed 
 through. 
 
 7* 
 
70 [yth mo. 25th, 
 
 We also viewed the Alms-house, Work-house, 
 State House, Faneuil Hall, the Market, Long Wharf, 
 and other public buildings and private dwellings, some 
 of them stately and elegant. The duck manufactory 
 was a pleasing sight, and carried on to good advantage. 
 Our friend Ebenezer Pope informed me that he 
 had made it a point to be particular in his inquiry, in 
 order to ascertain the place where our Friends Wil- 
 liam Robinson and Marmaduke Stevenson were put 
 to death, and he thought he could fix the spot within 
 a few rods. The histories of Friends which men- 
 tion the transaction are not explicit on that head — 
 neither is it very material — yet when one is at Boston 
 it seems quite natural to make some inquiry about it, 
 tho' the inhabitants now show rather an aversion to 
 having the matter revived ; and indeed, Christian char- 
 ity would forbid our making the children answerable 
 for the misconduct of their forefathers, whose deeds 
 they condemn, both in word and conduct. However, 
 there can be nothing criminal in endeavouring to fix 
 the place where the tragedy was executed. 
 
 Ebenezer Pope told me several circumstances 
 tending to fix the spot, which he led me to, very nearly. 
 Some of them, for my own satisfaction, I will set 
 down here. 
 
 He says, one of our historians mentions a boat, 
 with some sober people, coming from Nantasket, to 
 see the bloody business, who sat therein, while it was 
 performed, in a little creek near the gallows. The 
 entrance of this creek is still visible near Boston 
 Neck, and the remaining ground towards the oppo- 
 site shore, a little more than a quarter of a mile over. 
 
I79I-] 71 
 
 is still low, tho' it has been filled up considerably for 
 building. 
 
 He further says that old Friend Bagnel told him 
 of a conversation which he had with an Old Woman 
 at Charleston, who informed him she was about lo 
 years old when the occurrence happened, and got leave 
 of her parents to go and see the execution, and after 
 crossing Penny Ferry, as it was then called, she ran 
 along the beach until she came in view of the gallows 
 — which, by the present situation of land and water^ 
 tends to fix the place somewhere near where our 
 Friend Pope supposed it to be. 
 
 Add to this his account of a Public Friend from 
 England, who when here was concerned to make in- 
 quiry on the subject, and walking out to the place, 
 and leaning on the fence, after a solemn pause, said, 
 "Here lie my dear Friends: I smell their bones." 
 
 Also, a sober neighbour of his, being near the 
 spot during the late troubles, related to him (that is 
 E. Pope,) as follows: — Ruminating in his mind on 
 the judgments which then hung over the land, and 
 being deeply thoughtful and pensive of the cause, was 
 made, as by a secret impulse, to stand still, and a voice 
 as it were run through his mind — Here lie the innocent 
 ^uakers^ and the very spot, or place, seemed pointed 
 out to him in a very particular manner. 
 
 All these circumstances unite to render it almost 
 certain that somewhere near the place he showed me, 
 the affecting tragedy was performed. 
 
 Bishop tells us that when their lives were taken, 
 they were denied burial, and their naked bodies cast 
 into a hole, and not permitted to be covered; which 
 
7 2 [yth mo. 25th, 
 
 was soon after overflowed with water, which probably 
 might have been occasioned by the rising of the tide 
 over the low grounds already mentioned. 
 
 I speak now of William Robinson and Marma- 
 duke Stevenson, for as to Mary Dyer and William 
 Leddra, Friends were permitted to take away and 
 bury their bodies. 
 
 This Friend Pope also related a conversation 
 which lately passed between two of his neighbours — 
 one of them grandson to Edward Rawson, who was 
 Secretary to Governor Endicot, who spake much in 
 favour of the piety of the first settlers, and what godly 
 people they were, compared to the present generation. 
 "Say you so?" said his friend; "I am of a different 
 mind : — so far from thinking them virtuous, good 
 people, I look upon them to have been the veriest 
 devils that ever existed in human shape, and, to be 
 plain with you, your grandfather was no better than 
 the rest of them." "Why, what do you mean, sir?" 
 said his neighbour. "I mean as I say, sir; that so 
 far from being pious and godly, their cruelty and wick- 
 edness exceeded all example since the days of the 
 Reformation from Popery. Have you never read the 
 history of the Quakers' sufferings in this country, 
 sir?" No! "Then I will take care to furnish you 
 with a sight of it, and I am persuaded, from your up- 
 rightness and candour, you will join with me in ut- 
 terly condemning the principles and practices of those 
 who first settled in this country; who, fleeing from 
 persecution in their native land, became far before 
 their persecutors in England in point of hard-hearted- 
 ness and barbarity." So he furnished him with Besse's 
 
History of the Sufferings of our Friends in New 
 England. 
 
 After some weeks he called upon him again, and 
 asked if he had read it. He said "Yes." He then que- 
 ried, "What was his opinion of their ancestors now?" 
 "Why, sir," he replied, "I stand informed of what I 
 never before was acquainted with, and may acknowl- 
 edge, with the Queen of the South, that the one-half 
 had not been told me. So I am compelled to be of 
 your mind, sir, and allow that they were not the men 
 I apprehended them to be." 
 
 This was the substance of their conversation, be- 
 ing two Presbyterians, and it may reasonably be sup- 
 posed that few of those now upon the stage have much 
 knowledge of the proceedings of those early times 
 against our innocent brethren and sisters, only for 
 bearing their testimony to the Truth ; for it has, with- 
 out doubt, been the earnest endeavour of the writers 
 and leaders amongst them, to mutilate and suppress 
 all accounts which had a tendency to criminate and 
 set in an unfavourable point of view the conduct of 
 their forefathers. But faithful and impartial history 
 will still preserve the truth of those transactions which 
 cast such a shade of infamy upon the high professors 
 of the Christian name in that day. 
 
 And something remarkable and memorable it will 
 be, if in future time, in the very midst of the country 
 where the persecution raged the hottest, that is, be- 
 tween Boston and Salem, our Yearly Meeting for 
 New England should be established, and a standard 
 for the Truth, as held by us as a religious society, be 
 erected. 
 
74 [y^^ "^°' 26th, 
 
 And if the professors under our name were but 
 in the possession of what they hold up to the world, 
 and acted agreeably to the principles we maintain, no 
 doubt there would be a gathering from many of those 
 sects, who are groaning under their heavy task-mas- 
 ters, and ready to say, many seeking religious minds 
 among them, at least, ^^Who will show us any goodV^ 
 sensibly feeling in the secret of their own minds, a 
 want, which nothing outward can satisfy — a deficiency, 
 which outward worship, service, and ceremonies can 
 not supply. 
 
 For, indeed, nothing can satisfy the immortal 
 part but that which is really Divine and spiritual — 
 agreeably to that Scripture testimony, ^^ God is a spirit^ 
 and they that worship Him ?nust worship Him in spirit 
 and in truth^^ that is, all who approach before Him 
 in an acceptable manner. 
 
 Our European Women Friends and their com- 
 pany came into Boston in the afternoon, and we were 
 with them at Ann Orrick's 'till towards bed-time, 
 when we retired to our lodgings at Griffith Barney's. 
 
 3^ Day^ ibth. — A fine cool morning. This day 
 we had an appointed Meeting in Boston, at which 
 our Friend Mary Ridgway appeared first, I thought, 
 under much oppression and exercise, tho' a measure 
 of strength was afforded to go through ner service in 
 good authority, to an auditory mostly made up of those 
 who were not of our community. Jane Watson was 
 next concerned, then my companion, and the Meet- 
 ing concluded with some degree of satisfaction. 
 
 Dined at our lodging, with Captain Needham, 
 who brought me three letters from Philadelphia. Set 
 
I79I-] 7S 
 
 off, in the afternoon, for Lynn, over Charleston and 
 Maiden Bridges, lately built, the execution of which 
 do great credit to the spirit and ingenuity of the peo- 
 ple hereaway. Reached Lynn in good time, and put 
 up at Samuel Collins'. The Women Friends' quar- 
 ters were at Sylvanus Hussey's. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2']th. — At Meeting at Lynn, where 
 Jane was first concerned in testimony, Mary next, 
 and my companion had the concluding service; all, I 
 thought, had wisdom and utterance given to divide the 
 Word in fit proportions to various states in a large 
 gathering or assembly, made up mostly of those 
 who profess with us, generally of the middle-aged and 
 younger class, who make a pleasing appearance, tho' 
 if we might judge from the doctrine delivered, there 
 was need for many to endeavour to live nearer the 
 Holy Principle, and then they would know where and 
 how to retire, in their silent meetings, to the inex- 
 haustable Fountain of Living Virtue, and know a draw- 
 ing water from their own wells, some no doubt, would 
 be commissioned to tell to others what the Lord had 
 done for their souls — and be in truth able to direct the 
 sincere seekers to the Fountain of all Fullness — and 
 by example and precept encourage and strengthen the 
 hindermost of the flock in all holy conversation and 
 Godliness becoming the Gospel of Christ. 
 
 Dined with many other Friends at Samuel Col- 
 lins' where we were plentifully entertained. After- 
 noon, some of our company went to see a young per- 
 son who had been sick a considerable time. 
 
 Samuel Rodman and myself took a 5-mile ride 
 to Marblehead, a town of some note, where the in- 
 
y6 [7th mo. 28th, 
 
 habitants are mostly employed in the fishing trade or 
 cod fishery, which is their principal dependence for a 
 support. They told us there were sixty small schooners 
 in that business, belonging to their port, that make sev- 
 eral trips yearly to the fishing banks. 
 
 We returned about 7 to Samuel Collins' and had 
 a sitting in his family, at which all our Ministering 
 Friends were led to speak, with much precision, to 
 some states present, after which we supped and re- 
 tired to rest. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2%th. — We left S. Collins' about the 
 eighth hour, and came to Salem in good Meeting 
 time. Jane took the lead — Mary followed in the 
 power and demonstration. Their fervent labour had 
 an evident effect upon a mixed multitude, among whom 
 were two Parsons, or Ministers so called, also a Mem- 
 ber of Congress. 
 
 The authority of Mary's testimony seemed to 
 command an assent, tho' evidently with some reluc- 
 tance, in minds present. However, the Truth will 
 have its own weight, and naturally tends to keep in 
 awe, and at least silence the spirits who have the will 
 but not the power to oppose. 
 
 So I hope the labour of this day will not be lost 
 to the sincere-hearted. As to those who hold the 
 Truth by tradition only, and have never known it to 
 cleanse the heart from unrighteousness, they may still 
 beat the air, and true wisdom will neverthless be jus- 
 tified of all her children. 
 
 When the Meeting ended, my companion gave 
 notice that he intended to be at that Meeting of Sa- 
 lem that day week following. Dined at James Need- 
 
I79I.] ^1 
 
 ham's. I find Salem to be a considerable sea-port 
 town, and accounted next to Boston for trade and 
 population. I went on board a new vessel built by 
 a merchant of the name of Darby, that measured, as 
 they informed us, 600 tons. She is called the Grand 
 Turk, and is intended for the India trade. 
 
 I was shown the place where these infatuated 
 New England people, about the year 1692, put 19 
 persons, men and women, to death, for witchcraft, 
 and pressed one other poor creature to death for the 
 same pretended crime, tho' it afterwards sufficiently 
 appeared that there was very little (if any) just ground 
 for proceeding in this severe manner against them, and 
 some of the foremost of their historians confessed in 
 print that they were under a strong delusion of Satan. 
 
 At the time they stopped this persecution there 
 were a great number more in confinement and under 
 accusation, and one of their foremost Priests or Min- 
 isters among the rest, — and so they dismissed the poor 
 creatures after the law was repealed. 
 
 It was remarkable that none of our Friends were 
 accused; but it was rather by some considered as a 
 judgment upon them for their cruelty in taking the 
 lives of our brethren, William Robinson, Marmaduke 
 Stevenson, Mary Dyer, and William Leddra, and the 
 severe whipping, cutting ofF ears, banishment, and 
 other barbarous treatment of very many others of 
 our dear Friends, a few years before. 
 
 And this was not the only indication of the hand 
 of Heaven being against them, for the native Indians, 
 for a long course of years after they had stained their 
 hands with the blood of our innocent Friends, were, 
 
jS [7th ITIO. 29th, 
 
 as it were, let loose upon the people of the land, and 
 many hundred were murdered, and carried into cap- 
 tivity and tortured to death in cold blood. 
 
 Another remarkable circumstance which took 
 place in this Government of Massachusetts Bay was, 
 that their land would not produce wheat, whereas, at 
 the first settling of it, it is said that grain grew well, 
 and came to a good degree of perfection ; but we ob- 
 served that they had almost wholly given over en- 
 deavouring to cultivate it, having been so often dis- 
 appointed of having any increase, owing to a kind of 
 blast that commonly took it after it had shot up into 
 ear. Their chief grain is rye and indian corn, tho' 
 but poor, of which they make their bread mostly. 
 
 6th Day^ 2C)th. — We have been two months from 
 homxC to-day. Very early our dear Friends Mary 
 Ridgway, Jane Watson, Samuel Rodman and wife, 
 &c., parted with us, in order to pursue their journey 
 further eastward ; and we, after staying the morning 
 at Salem, and dining at Captain Needham's, and hav- 
 ing a parting sitting at James Needham's, set forward 
 with Eunice Fitch, and reached her habitation at Med- 
 ford, 15 miles, in the evening. Here we took up 
 our quarters for the night. 
 
 This Friend has, within these few years, been 
 convinced of our principles, and after enduring many 
 deep trials and exercises, on various accounts, is now 
 become a grave, solid woman, and accepted as a mem- 
 ber among us, and my desire on her account is, that 
 she may be preserved to hold her integrity to the end 
 — that so she may finish her course in peace with the 
 Lord, which is the crown of all our labours in this world. 
 
I79I.] 79 
 
 'jth Day^ ipth. — Rode 5 miles to Boston, and there 
 spent the day, going round to see several Friends. — 
 This town, about which I walked several times, is an 
 irregularly built place; the streets narrow, and paved 
 with pebble stone, without a brick foot-way, which 
 renders it unpleasant and painful to the feet. The 
 buildings are mostly of wood, but many of the houses 
 large and roomy, neatly painted and ornamented. 
 
 The police is well attended to, and on First-day 
 remarkably quiet and orderly. The Presbyterian 
 Meeting Houses are spacious buildings, and the peo- 
 ple zealous in frequenting their places of worship ; — 
 very civil in their deportment towards strangers-, and 
 much moderated in their sentiments towards those 
 who differ from them in religious sentiments. 
 
 \st Day^ 2t^^i' — At a small Meeting in the fore- 
 noon, my companion had a few words to communi- 
 cate ; in the afternoon he was larger in testimony. 
 He had been under much exercise of mind in Boston, 
 and thought he should not be clear without appointing 
 a Meeting for the inhabitants generally. Upon ap- 
 plication to the Select-men, as they are called, they 
 readily granted the use of Faneuil Hall, and the 4th 
 hour to-morrow was fixed on for the time of gather- 
 ing. In the evening Thomas had some satisfactory 
 service in a family sitting at our lodgings. 
 
 2d Day ^ 1st of Eighth month. — My beloved com- 
 panion, having for the greater part of the time since our 
 coming to Boston, been greatly distressed and exercised 
 in his mind, and seeing no way to get relief but by ap- 
 pointing a public Meeting, it was, agreeable to appoint- 
 ment, held to-day at Faneuil Hall, where a large 
 
8o [8th mo. 2d, 
 
 number of people of different denominations assem- 
 bled. He was enabled to ease his mind of a heavy 
 burden, and I hope no injury was done to the cause 
 of Truth, but that the opportunity might prove use- 
 ful to some. 
 
 3^ Day^ id. — Last evening and this morning vis- 
 ited most if not all the families of Friends in this 
 town — about 6 in number. After dinner at Griffith 
 Barney's, set out for Lynn, where we arrived about 
 4, at the house of our kind friend Samuel Collins, 
 who had set out from Boston to conduct us to his 
 house, but we missed seeing him. 
 
 In the afternoon we took a pleasant walk, about 
 half a mile, to the sea-shore, where we had a full 
 view out to sea. This is a rocky, iron-bound shore 
 for many miles along the coast. 
 
 Afth Day^ 3^.— At the Week-day Meeting at Lynn, 
 made up mostly of Friends, Cousin Thomas was fer- 
 vently engaged to discharge his duty on behalf of the 
 great cause which had drawn him from his family and 
 near connections in life, and ability was afforded to 
 impart his prospects and feelings in a manner that 
 took sensible hold of the minds of most that were 
 present, so that I hope the audience received benefit 
 and encouragement through his labour of love. 
 
 This town of Lynn is the place which some 
 Friends have in view to remove the Yearly Meeting to ; 
 and I think it is not improbable that it may take place 
 at some future time. After the conclusion of the 
 Meeting for Worship, the Preparative Meeting was 
 held ; after which we dined and went forward to Sa- 
 lem, and lodged at James Needham*s. 
 
I79I-] ^' 
 
 ^th Day^ \th. — At Meeting at Salem to-day ; my 
 companion was favoured with an open good time — the 
 most so, I think, of any since we have been out to- 
 gether. He was also concerned to communicate some- 
 thing in love and tenderness at Jas. Needham's, before 
 we parted, which was, with many tears, about 4. 
 
 After we got to our lodgings at Boston, most of 
 the Friends of note of that place being present, he 
 had, for the last time, an opportunity to relieve his 
 mind, and was plain and honest in his labour, which 
 I earnestly desire may tend to strengthen that which 
 remains in some minds, which may be ready to die. 
 
 ^th Day\ s^h. — Was up this morning at day-break, 
 and on the road about half after four. Taking our leave 
 of Boston, we breakfasted, about 9 miles on our way 
 to Providence, at Dedham, the place where they for- 
 merly banished our dear Friends to, then a wilderness ; 
 at least they sent them so far on their way into the 
 desert, and so left them to take their chance among 
 the wild beasts and Indians, who were, in some in- 
 stances, kinder than their bloody-minded persecutors. 
 
 Baited at the " Buck," and dined at the "Crown," 
 and so went on, and baited once more before we 
 reached Moses Brown's, at Providence, which, I think, 
 we made a 50-mile ride to-day, by reason of missing 
 our way. So it was about dark when we got into our 
 quarters, and we were a good deal fagged and weary. 
 
 The road from Boston to Providence is not a bad 
 one for this country, take it all together, and being a 
 Post road, is attended to a little more than the cross- 
 country roads, which are abounding in stones. These 
 stones might be reckoned a part of the riches of this 
 
 8* 
 
82 [8th mo. 6th, 
 
 country, if they would build good houses of them, but 
 they seem prejudiced against them, as we don't see 
 one stone house among five hundred, according to my 
 observation. 
 
 ph Day^ 6th. — Had a good night's rest, after 
 yesterday's hard ride, and spent the morning agreea- 
 bly in Moses Brown's family, who was kind and re- 
 spectful. After dinner, he invited us to go to Provi- 
 dence, about a mile from his house. Here we had a 
 view of the cotton manufactory of velvets, corduroys, 
 and jeans, which appeared in a prosperous way. 
 
 Met our friend and townsman, James Bringhurst, 
 and had some account by him from home. Drank 
 tea at Wm. Almy's, Moses Brown's son-in-law, after 
 which we went home with Moses, and had a good 
 night's rest under his roof. 
 
 jst Day^ yth. — The morning Meeting at Provi- 
 dence was held in silence, about 6o or 70 persons 
 present. In the afternoon, my companion had some- 
 thing to communicate, which, I believe, was well re- 
 ceived. Visited Job Scott's family, he having lately 
 buried his wife, who has left a number of children be- 
 hind. He appeared supported under his affliction, and 
 much resigned under so trying a dispensation. 
 
 At Thomas Arnold's we had a short sitting. 
 Cousin Thomas was concerned to mention the dan- 
 ger of looking back to Egypt, after having in a meas- 
 ure experienced a deliverance from the bondage and 
 captivity of Pharoah and his hard task-masters; and 
 also some further knowledge of the work of true re- 
 ligion. We then returned to our lodgings at Moses 
 Brown's, he and his kind and affectionate wife being 
 
I79I.] 83 
 
 with us. Moses observed that Thomas was here fa- 
 voured to hit the mark in his religious communica- 
 tion. 
 
 2^ Day^ Sih, — This morning was chiefly spent 
 in free and friendly converse. About noon came up 
 a fine rain, which was truly acceptable to the thirsty 
 land, which stood much in need of it — having been 
 near three months much parched with drouth here- 
 away. 
 
 After it cleared away, we went with our friend 
 Brown and his wife to visit some Friends in the town 
 of Providence, where my companion had some suita- 
 ble matter to deliver in several family sittings, and 
 came home to our lodgings in peace. 
 
 I had to-day an opportunity of going through 
 Providence, which I don't think very pleasantly situ- 
 ated, lying under, or rather on the side of, a great hill. 
 It contains two principal streets, about a mile and a 
 half long. 
 
 The buildings are mostly wood; some are of brick, 
 but few of them elegant. The Baptist Meeting House, 
 however, must be allowed to have a spacious appear- 
 ance, with a costly steeple, which, I think, exceeds 
 either of ours in Philadelphia. 
 
 There are several persons who carry on trade in a 
 shipping way to a considerable extent. I was shown 
 the place where a large ship of 900 tons was lately 
 built, which is now on her voyage to India. The 
 land around this place is light and sandy, much like 
 the Jerseys. 
 
 3^/ Day^ gtb. — This was a fine rainy day, which 
 was a pleasing sight to many who depend upon the 
 
84 [8th mo. lOth, 
 
 culture of the ground for bread. Divers Friends 
 stopped and lodged at this house on their way to 
 Portsmouth Quarterly Meeting. Employed myself 
 in writing several pieces I thought worth preserving. 
 
 In the evening we had a sitting in the family, in 
 which my beloved companion was largely engaged to 
 extend council and warning to several states present, 
 particularly the younger part of the household, which 
 I wish may be remembered at a future day, and the 
 snares of the Enemy of all Righteousness avoided by 
 the simple and unwary, whom he is watching to be- 
 tray and deceive. 
 
 ^th Day^ J 0th. — Rose early, and set out with 
 Moses Brown and several other Friends. We crossed 
 a small ferry near Providence, and another at a little 
 town called Warren. Afterwards we came to Bristol 
 Ferry, where we once more came in sight of the Gar- 
 den of America — Rhode Island. 
 
 We got well over about 10 o'clock, and called 
 at Benjamin Freeborn's, where we partook of some 
 refreshment. Then went to Jacob Mott's, with an in- 
 tention to stay 'till the Quarterly Meeting to-morrow. 
 
 ^th Day^ i \th. — The Quarterly Meeting was held 
 at Portsmouth, at the north end jf Rhode Island. It 
 was a large Meeting, consisting of 7 Monthly Meet- 
 ings, and it is remarkable that tho' Friends are so nu- 
 merous hereaways, there are but very few Ministering 
 Friends ; our friend Job Scott is one of the most noted 
 belonging to this quarter, and Patience Brayton an- 
 other — she belongs to Swansey. Job and Cousin 
 Thomas were both engaged for the good of the people. 
 May a blessing attend their honest labour. 
 
1791.] 85 
 
 The business was finished about 5, and we rode 
 through the rain to our quarters, where we partook of 
 a late dinner with many other Friends from divers parts. 
 
 The rain continued all night, 'Tis likely this 
 may produce a fresh vegetation, which hath been much 
 stagnated by several months' dry weather. A good 
 bed, after such an exercising day, was very comforta- 
 ble and refreshing; — moreover, here our poor horse 
 fared well. 
 
 6th Day^ 12th. — This day it cleared away, and 
 many Friends came to our quarters, it being a house 
 much noted for the entertainment of Friends. My 
 companion had a good time in a family sitting. Af- 
 terwards I had a good time to write to my dear wife. 
 Cousin Thomas also wrote to his family. 
 
 In the afternoon we went off the island, to the 
 Widow Barker's, at Tiverton, crossing a ferry about 
 as wide as our Schuylkill. This was a very pleasant 
 ride; we met with good accommodations, and kind 
 entertainment. James Bringhurst and wife were with 
 us, and very friendly. 
 
 yih Day^ I'^th, — Dear Thomas, finding his mind 
 opened so far as to appoint a Meeting, notice was ac- 
 cordingly given, and a considerable number of Friends 
 and others assembled about the nth hour. 
 
 He was quickly ready to communicate what he 
 was furnished with in exhortation and encouragement 
 respecting the greatest of all concernments, to wit: 
 the everlasting welfare of the immortal soul — which, 
 'tis hoped, had a tendency to strengthen and invigor- 
 ate that in some which had long languished, and even 
 been nearly extinguished. 
 
86 [8th mo. 14th, 
 
 They had been so remiss and lukewarm in the 
 attendance of their Week-day Meeting, that the 
 Monthly Meeting of Salem, to which they belonged, 
 apprehended it most proper to put down their Week- 
 day Meeting, as there did not appear a disposition to 
 keep it up with that zeal and reputation which is pro- 
 per and necessary to protect it from reproach. 
 
 He had also a good service in a sitting with the 
 family after we had dined. About 4 we recrossed the 
 ferry, and came to Newport in the dusk of the even- 
 ing. 
 
 I retired to bed early, having been much afflicted 
 the latter part of the day with a bad fit of the sick 
 headache, as severe as any I have had since I left my 
 own home. My kind friends at our lodging mani- 
 fested much tenderness and affection towards me. In 
 the morning it went off, and I was enabled to go on 
 as usual with what my hands found to do in necessary 
 concerns, writing to my dear partner, &c., and truly, 
 I did not lack employment of one kind or other. 
 
 1st Day^ i\th. — At forenoon and afternoon Meet- 
 ings my companion was exercised in his gift in the 
 Ministry with good authority. His labour of love ap- 
 peared to have good place in the minds of the peo- 
 ple, who behaved with becoming solidity and quietude. 
 This being the last Meeting we were like to have at 
 Newport, the opportunity was favourable for him to 
 clear himself, so as to depart in peace. 
 
 Dined at our friend John Hadwen's, and drank 
 tea at Giles Hosier's, where Cousin Thomas was again 
 commissioned to dispense a portion of the Word to 
 divers states present who were labouring under dis- 
 
I79I.] 87 
 
 couragements. He was also concerned to speak again 
 in the evening at Thomas Robinson's, remarkably to 
 some of the younger branches of the family. So this 
 day was spent, I hope, not without some degree of 
 profit, both to ourselves and others. 
 
 id Day ^ \^th, — Dispatched a long letter to my 
 dear wife, and just after I had sealed it, our towns- 
 man John Warder brought me three from my dear 
 family. 
 
 These letters contained an account of the decease 
 of my wife's father, John Elliott, in great peace, as 
 his life had been circumspect and virtuous. We are 
 favoured with a comfortable hope that he is released 
 in mercy from the troubles and afflictions of time, 
 and admitted into those mansions of happiness pre- 
 pared for the righteous. 
 
 He was about 78 years of age, and had for some 
 considerable time been in a great measure helpless, by 
 reason of a paralytic disorder, which in a great meas- 
 ure deprived him of the use of his limbs. It also af- 
 fected his speech. 
 
 He died the first of the present month, about 3 
 o'clock in the morning, and left a good savour behind 
 him, both among Friends and others. 
 
 We dined to-day at Thomas Robinson's, with a 
 number of other Friends. Afterwards paid several 
 short visits at Mary Rodman's, Elizabeth Hunting- 
 ton's, and Ann Carpenter's, at all which places Cou- 
 sin Thomas was concerned in testimony. 
 
 His gift in families, as well as more publicly, is 
 large, clear, and instructive, and his labour from family 
 to family, where our lot hath been cast, has been well 
 
88 [8th mo. 1 6th, 
 
 received, and generally had a considerable reach on the 
 minds of those present, so that they were often broken 
 into tenderness, and I hope the seed thus sown may 
 produce an increase to the praise and honour of the 
 Great and Good Husbandman, and also to the further- 
 ance and building up of the sincere in heart in the Way 
 of Life and Salvation. 
 
 3^ Day^ ibth. — Dined this day at our lodgings, 
 and after dinner went about 7 miles to Isaac Lawton*s. 
 Soon after we got there, we walked over to Job Al- 
 my's, and had a sitting in his family, in which my 
 companion expressed what weighed upon his spirit. 
 We then took our leave, and returned to Isaac Law- 
 ton's. About bed-time, had a gust of rain, with 
 thunder and lightning. 
 
 \th Day^ I'jth. — This was their Week-day Meet- 
 ing in course at Portsmouth, which we attended. My 
 companion had a good service, and was favoured to 
 leave them in a good degree of clearness. 
 
 Dined at Jacob Mott's; afterwards had a sitting 
 in his family, in which Cousin Thomas was concerned 
 to press the necessity of a devotedness of heart to fol- 
 low the Divine requirings, as the only condition of 
 being in a state of acceptance, when the solemn sum- 
 mons shall call us out of time into that state of ever- 
 lasting fixedness, towards which we are with swift 
 advances hastening. 
 
 In the afternoon called to see our antient Friend 
 James Mitchel, and came to Newport seasonably in 
 the evening. In a family sitting at our lodgings, my 
 companion was large and fervent in his labour for the 
 good of those present, who were much affected. 
 
I79I-] ^9 
 
 ^th Da)., iSth^ and 6th Da)\ \<^th. — This day 
 we concluded to embark with Capt. Lawton for New 
 York. We spent the morning in taking leave of our 
 kind friends, and getting our horse and chaise on board. 
 Afternoon, had a sitting in the family of our kind land- 
 lord, John Hadwen, in which my companion was en- 
 gaged to commemorate the Lord's goodness in carry- 
 ing through His dependent children to the praise of 
 His Name; and a word of encouragement to trust 
 and confide in His Fatherly Protection and Providence 
 — about 25 being present. 
 
 We then walked down to the vessel, accompa- 
 nied by a number of friends, and set sail from New- 
 port about the lOth hour, with a fair wind. At 11 
 we passed the Light House on the point of Connanicut 
 Island, and opened the main ocean, the wind about 
 north, and a pleasant easy gale. 
 
 Did not feel disposed to be sick, but rather an 
 appetite to food. About noon, the wind came more 
 to the east, and fair. We went before it at about 5 
 or 6 knots an hour. 
 
 Passing Block Island, we had sight of Montauk 
 Point, on Long Island, about 2, and still going on with 
 a fair small breeze, we passed New London Light 
 House, and so into what is properly called the Sound, 
 where the navigation is reckoned more safe. 
 
 Our Captain, as usual, put on his watch-coat and 
 stood the deck all night, which made us easy to go 
 into our berths, and compose ourselves to rest for the 
 night. 
 
 Our fellow-passengers were one man, three wo- 
 men, two servants and one child, for all of whom we had 
 
go [8th mo. 19th, 
 
 good accommodations, and so were very comfortable. 
 Our horse, in the hold, seemed as well content as if 
 he were in a stable, and eat his hay and oats with an 
 appetite. 
 
 Between 12 and i, I turned out of my berth and 
 went upon deck, and found we were under fine way, 
 about eight knots an hour. The wind being steady, 
 the Peggy had but little motion, so we were free from 
 sickness — the bilge-water being at rest, which com- 
 monly turns the stomachs of the passengers not used 
 to travelling by water. 
 
 We had, however, one inconvenience to encoun- 
 ter — that was, a great number of fleas, which Were 
 busily employed in getting their livings out of us. 
 
 About I o'clock it began to rain, and the ve'ssel 
 to have a considerable motion. However, as we still 
 made good way towards our desired port, it kept up 
 our spirits, and we had an appetite for a bit of good 
 cheese and porter, of which we had some of the best 
 
 on board. 
 
 When the day dawned, we had run nearly two- 
 thirds of our passage. The rain and wind increased, 
 yet we were not uncomfortable in the cabin. 
 
 About 12 at noon we went through the narrow 
 passage, by some called Hell Gate, (but I think a 
 better name would be Whirl Gate). About half after 
 two we landed at New York, having had a good pas- 
 sage of 28 hours. 
 
 May our minds be properly impressed with a 
 sense of the protection and providence of the Great 
 Preserver. Lodged at James Parson's, where we were 
 kindly accommodated. 
 
179^-] 91 
 
 'jth Day^ 20th. — Wrote a letter to my friends at 
 Newport, and part of one to my dear wife. After- 
 wards went down to Capt. Lawton's vessel, and had 
 my horse and chaise landed. Then took a ride with 
 James Parsons, Jun., to stretch my horse's legs, after 
 standing in the hold, and found him in good spirits. 
 Had some of the harness repaired. 
 
 Dined at Henry Haydock's ; he had five daugh- 
 ters at the table. Afternoon, went to see our towns- 
 folks, Jonathan Shoemaker and wife and company, at 
 their lodgings at John Murry's. Then called to see 
 Nathaniel Clark and John Dean's families, and so 
 home and to rest. 
 
 i^^ Day^ list. — At Meeting in the forenoon — ■ 
 which was silent. Dined at Benjamin Haviland's, 
 who kindly offered to accompany us to Rahway. — 
 About 3 we went on board the boat, and landed at 
 Elizabethtown Point in about two hours and a quarter, 
 the distance is called 15 miles. 
 
 Got to Joseph Shotwell's, at Rahway, before 7, 
 when divers of our old friends came in to see us — my 
 companion being particularly beloved in this place. 
 
 2d Day^ 22d. — This was the Quarterly Meeting 
 at Rahway, and the gathering large, many people of 
 other Societies being there, some of them very light 
 and airy in their spirits. 
 
 My companion sat a considerable time in silence, 
 yet at length was favoured in a full, clear, and well- 
 accepted testimony, before the Meeting separated, and 
 also at the conclusion, when the partition between the 
 men and women was opened, in order that what he 
 had to say might be heard on both sides of the house. 
 
g2 • [8th mo. 23d, 
 
 Dined at John Haydock's. Afterwards called 
 in to see Isaac Martin, Henry Shotwell, and John 
 Shotwell. Then went home, and had a sitting at our 
 lodging, where Cousin Thomas was again concerned 
 to speak to the edification and comfort of those pres- 
 ent, several of whom were much tendered. Wrote 
 to my dear wife, — and so this day finished. 
 
 3^ Day^ 23^. — The Youth's Meeting was this 
 day held, which may be called a high day, if not an 
 holy day — my companion being enabled to preach the 
 Gospel in a degree of the Power and authority which 
 ever accompanies a true and living Ministry — proceed- 
 ing from the Divine Fountain of Love, after which 
 he concluded the Meeting in prayer. 
 
 Dined with many Friends at Joseph Shotwell's. 
 Drank tea at Isaac Martin's. Afterwards had a sat- 
 isfactory sitting at our lodgings, with about 20 Friends, 
 and then retired to rest. 
 
 \th Day^ 24//?. — Arose before day, and got on the 
 road a little before 5, and enjoyed the refreshing ex- 
 halations of a Summer's morning, which was exceed- 
 ingly reviving to nature. 
 
 Took a second breakfast at Brunswick, and pro- 
 ceeded for Princeton. Reached Robert White's about 
 I o'clock, which is called 34 miles. Here my com- 
 panion felt easy to make a halt and rest ourselves, the 
 day being very warm. So we got our dinner, and 
 spent the afternoon agreeably at our kind friend's 
 house, where our horse and ourselves were well pro- 
 vided for. 
 
 My beloved companion, in this day's ride, ex- 
 pressed more fullv than usual his satisfaction and peace 
 
I79I-] 93 
 
 of mind, in being thus favoured to accomplish our 
 journey so far, and signified that he thought himself 
 clear of New England. 
 
 He had been at times much exercised, both in 
 mind and body, and I had an opportunity of being a 
 witness of the arduous engagement that such an un- 
 dertaking necessarily creates. 
 
 Indeed, were it not for Divine assistance, it could 
 not be performed, and gone through, with real profit, 
 either to the individual or the people — but, through 
 Holy Help, the poor baptized instrument is supported 
 from day to day ; and strength and ability mercifully 
 vouchsafed by the Great Master to His humble, de- 
 pendent children. 
 
 ^th Day^ 25/^. — Was out of bed about 4 j a thick, 
 foggy morning, which presaged a warm day, and so it 
 proved. I thought it the warmest I had felt since I 
 left home. 
 
 Reached Isaac Collins' at Trenton, about 7, and 
 took a second breakfast. Went up into his printing 
 room, where his hands were busily employed on a 
 quarto edition of the Holy Bible, which they were 
 near finishing ; — a great work, and, I believe, the first 
 of the size printed in America. 
 
 He told us he meant to strike off 5,000 impres- 
 sions, which would occasion him to advance, in paper 
 and workmanship, at least from ^4,000 to <;^5,ooo, 
 before he could receive any advantage. But, as our 
 Society in the United States, and particularly in Penn- 
 sylvania, have encouraged the work, by subscription 
 and otherwise, I hope his laudable and industrious en- 
 deavours may be finally blessed and prospered. 
 
 9* 
 
Q4 [8th mo. 26th, 
 
 Put on from Trenton ; crossed the Delaware, and 
 got to Samuel Moon's, by the Falls Meeting House, 
 half an hour before Meeting time. 
 
 This Quarterly Meeting for Bucks County is 
 very large. Several Friends appeared in short testi- 
 monies — my companion was one. 
 
 Meeting held 'till 3, and after we got into our 
 quarters, there came on the heaviest rain that I had 
 seen for many months, attended with thunder and 
 lightning; and so we were weather-bound, and pre- 
 vented from going to a Friend's house, a few miles 
 distant. 
 
 However, towards evening it abated, and we went 
 to Jonathan Kirkbride's as the night shut in. A num- 
 ber of other Friends also lodged at this house, being 
 large, and a place long noted for entertaining Friends. 
 
 6th Day^lbth. — This also proved a very hot day. 
 For that reason set off early for Meeting, that we might 
 have a little time to rest at a Friend's house before we 
 went in. 
 
 Our horse, also, after such a long journey, was 
 somewhat worn down, tho' his spirits did not fail, and 
 he performed well on the whole. 
 
 At Meeting, Samuel WilsOxi appeared first, then 
 Cousin Thomas was large and fervent, spending and 
 being spent for the good of the people — and truly, if 
 such favours are not prized, and the visitations of Di- 
 vine kindness and love joined in with, I fear it may 
 prove as an hand-writing against us in the awful Day 
 of Account. 
 
 Dined at Samuel Moon's, and afterwards set off 
 for Bristol, and lodged at Phineas Buckley's. 
 
I79I-] 95 
 
 jth Day^ 2']th. — Wrote a letter to my dear wife 
 early this morning, and sent it by a person going di- 
 rectly to Philadelphia. Afterwards crossed over to 
 Burlington. 
 
 Here we met with many Friends who came from 
 the neighbouring parts to attend the Quarterly Meet- 
 ing, to be held here on Second-day. 
 
 We dined at Elizabeth Barker's, and drank tea 
 and lodged at John Hoskins'. 
 
 1st Day^ 28/^. — At morning Meeting at Burling- 
 ton, my companion first had a favoured time; then 
 our friend Solomon Gaskill, and then Cousin Thomas 
 concluded the Meeting in prayer. Dined at John 
 Cox's. 
 
 About 3 my two sons, John and Caleb, came up 
 in the stage-boat from Philadelphia, which afforded me 
 much satisfaction and pleasure, in seeing them, and 
 hearing more particularly from my dear wife and 
 friends at home. 
 
 Afternoon Meeting was silent. Tea at Daniel 
 Smith's, and having spent the evening agreeably, we 
 went to rest in good season. 
 
 2d Day^ 2()th. — This proved the hottest day, ac- 
 cording to my apprehension, of any I have experienced 
 or felt this Summer. 
 
 The Quarterly Meeting for business began, as 
 usual, at the nth hour. Huson Longstreth appeared 
 in public testimony with good acceptance. There be- 
 ing much business, the sitting was long, and trying to 
 weak constitutions. The Meeting concluded about 5. 
 Dined at John Hoskins', with many other Friends, and 
 was pretty well carried through this very warm day. 
 
q6 [8th mo. 30th, 
 
 3^ Day^ ^oth. — After a sultry night, were glad 
 to get into the fresh morning air, and so rose early. 
 Was favoured to be pretty clear of my head-ache. 
 About 10, the heat increased nearly equal to what it 
 was yesterday. 
 
 The Youth's Meeting was much thronged; nev- 
 erthless, the fervent labourers in the vineyard were 
 enabled to lift up their voices — Rebecca Brown first, 
 then Mary Newbold ; after her Benjamin Clark, and 
 then my companion, all in a good degree of clearness 
 and Gospel authority, so that light and chafFy spirits 
 were, as it were, commanded into silent attention, and 
 the Meeting was covered with solid weight. 
 
 Our Friend Rebecca Wright closed the service 
 in supplication, in which the hearts of many present 
 feelingly joined in ascribing praise where only it is due. 
 
 After dining, we crossed Delaware River, and 
 immediately set off in our chaise for Philadelphia, 
 where we arrived about 8, and found our families 
 well, and met with an affectionate reception. 
 
 Thus, having been enabled to perform this little 
 Labour of Love in accompanying my beloved friend 
 and cousin in this journey to some parts of New Eng- 
 land, and having evidently experiexiced the Good Hand 
 to be near to open the way for us, and strengthen us, 
 in the work of His requiring, I was made truly thank- 
 ful, and now desire to render the praise and honour to 
 Him who is alone worthy — forever more. 
 
 THE END 
 
 OF MY 
 
 NEW ENGLAND JOURNEY. 
 
I79I-] 97 
 
 I NOW GO ON WITH 
 
 Short Notes on the Time 
 
 AS IT PASSED AT HOME. 
 
 4th Day, 8th Mo. 31st, 179 1. 
 
 I had a severe fit of the head-ache to-day, and 
 kept in-doors on that account. Several friends kindly 
 called to see us. 
 
 ^th Day^ \st of Ninth month. — The rain yesterday 
 evening laid the dust, and made the air cooler. Was 
 employed in some necessary matters, which required 
 my attention. 
 
 bth Day^ 2d. — In looking after my outward con- 
 cerns, found my mind calmed and comforted, in a 
 sense of the goodness and mercy of the Great Pre- 
 server and Upholder of all His dependent children, 
 who rely upon Him, and have no other confidence — 
 and at the same time are not slothful in doing what 
 their hands find to do, both inwardly and outwardly ; 
 for we cannot expect the blessing to be added unless 
 we do our part. 
 
 'jth Day., 3^. — A wet day, which kept me mostly 
 within doors, where I was employed in writing and 
 attending to some friends who kindly called. 
 
98 [9th mo. 4th, 
 
 1st Day^ \th. — Attended three Meetings to-day, 
 to mv comfort. The weather continues dull. 
 
 id Day^ ^th. — Much rain to-day and last night, 
 which confined me to the house mostly. 
 
 3^ Day^ 6th. — Attended Week-day Meeting, and 
 had an opportunity of speaking to many friends, who 
 kindly welcomed me home. 
 
 /\.th Day^yth. — Went out to see several friends 
 at their own houses ; and when at home proceeded in 
 transcribing the notes I had made of my New Eng- 
 land Journey. Mother Elliott came up to stay a day 
 or two with us. 
 
 ^th Day^ %th. — Cleared up fine, but warm. Was 
 at High Street Meeting, where I heard divers weighty 
 communications. 
 
 6th Day.^ (^th. — A dull day, tho' without much 
 rain. In the afternoon, with my dear wife, took a 
 ride a few miles, and found it pleasant, as there was no 
 dust. Called at Samuel Fisher's place on Schuylkill, 
 and drank tea with his sister Hetty. Then returned 
 home about dark. 
 
 jth Day.^ loth. — Was at home most of the day, 
 and not uselessly employed. 
 
 1st Day^ nth. — At Meeting thrice. My dear 
 Bell not very well. Mother Elliott poorly ; went in 
 the evening to see her. 
 
 2d Day^ 12th. — Was engaged in writing to Nan- 
 tucket. Afternoon, attended Overseer's Meeting. 
 
 T^d Day^ I'^th. — At Week-day Meeting, Joseph 
 James and Mary Hopkins, (daughter of Samuel,) were 
 married. John Pemberton appeared in testimony, af- 
 ter which the Preparative Meeting was held. 
 
I79I-] 99 
 
 /^th Day^ i\th. — This day was mostly spent in 
 writing letters to some of my friends in New England. 
 
 ^th Day^ 15^^. — Employed in doing a little car- 
 penter's work, which I find useful as an exercise — 
 conducing to circulate the blood, and keep the bodily 
 machine in health. 
 
 6th Day^ i6th. — Did something in the painting 
 way, which I have been a little used to for many years. 
 
 ph Day^ I'jth. — Busy at home, most of the day, 
 about my family concerns. 
 
 1st Day^ iSth. — At morning Meeting Peter Yar- 
 nall had large and acceptable service, being favoured 
 with a Gift equal to most in our Society, altho' in the 
 earlier part of his life his conduct was wide from the 
 Principle; but through Divine condescension and 
 mercy, I trust, his present and future devotedness 
 will be accepted as an atonement, and that he may 
 continue a bright ornament to our Christian profession. 
 
 2d Day^ igtb — Found employment at home agree- 
 ably — as I seldom want for something to be busy in, 
 either pleasant or profitable; which I consider a fa- 
 vour, as it tends to make home comfortable, and, with 
 a contented and resigned mind, to be my happiest place. 
 
 3^ Day^ 20th. — Monthly Meeting, which con- 
 cluded about 2, there not being so much business as 
 common. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2J st. — Captain Needham arrived, and 
 brought me an account from Friends to the Eastward; 
 also, certificates for T. Scattergood and myself. 
 
 ^th Day^ 22d. — Rode a few miles with my wife, 
 for the benefit of air and exercise. In the evening 
 some rain fell. 
 
100 \j)^^ mo. 23d, 
 
 6th Da)\ 23^. — A warm day for the season. Was 
 taken up about trifles, which, perhaps, may be said 
 to be the general employment of mankind, as every- 
 thing which has not an ultimate tendency to make 
 provision for the immortal part, may be considered as 
 such \ however, as we have bodies as well as souls, 
 I believe it is allowable to make comfortable provision 
 for them, as a secondary concern. 
 
 ']th Day^ id^th, — Friends began to collect, in or- 
 der to attend the Yearly Meeting. Several from New 
 York took up their quarters with us. 
 
 \st Day^ 2$th. — At morning Meeting our friend 
 Robert Nesbit, from New England, exercised his gift 
 in the Ministry, and had good service. Afternoon 
 and evening were also comfortable Meetings. 
 
 id Day^ 16th, — The businessof the Yearly Meet- 
 ing opened at 10, and was resumed at 3. Considera- 
 ble progress was made at these two sittings, having 
 our friend Nicholas Wain for clerk, who is an able hand. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2']th. — The business further proceeded 
 on. Had the company of pretty many of our country 
 Friends at our house. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2Sth. — Sth Day^ 2C)th, — 6th Day^ Z^th. — 
 These three days were much taken up on some ser- 
 vices of the Meeting, and attending on Friends at our 
 house. 
 
 ph Day^ 1st of Tenth month. — This day the 
 Yearly Meeting concluded, to general satisfaction, 
 and many Friends went out of town. 
 
 1st Day^ id. — Had a heavy fit of the head-ache, 
 which confined me to the house through the day, not 
 getting to either of the sittings for worship. 
 
I79I-] ^^^ 
 
 id Day^ 3^. — The New York Friends our lod- 
 gers, Benjamin Haviland, his daughter Mary, and 
 Polly Titus, set ofF in the stage for that place. — 
 Bought wood for our winter firing. Several friends 
 to see us in the afternoon. 
 
 3^ Day^ ^th. — At Meeting Robert Nesbit ap- 
 peared to satisfaction; also some others. My son 
 Johnny set off for a little journey into the country, 
 for his health, which latterly has not been so well as 
 we could wish. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^th. — Finished getting my winter's wood 
 in to-day. Walked so as to tire myself, but feeling 
 my mind peaceful, it was enough. 
 
 z^th Day^ 6th. — At High Street Meeting, Robert 
 Nesbit preached a close searching sermon on the love 
 of money, and the over-anxious pursuit of worldly 
 things. Had several Friends to dine with us to-day. 
 The circumstances of life, how changeable and un- 
 certain ; and a good state, or a favoured state, how 
 easily lost, and how hard to be regained. 
 
 6th Day^ ph. — Wrote several letters to friends 
 at Newport, and rode out with my wife in the afte 
 noon. 
 
 'jth Day.^ Sth. — Was mostly engaged at home. 
 Samuel Howell, brushmaker, deceased. 
 
 1st Day^ gth. — Attended three Meetings to-day, 
 to my satisfaction. 
 
 2d Day^ lOth. — Was at an appointed Meeting 
 
 for the Young People of the City, held at the North 
 
 Meeting House, at the request of Robert Nesbit, from 
 
 Husack, in New England, who had a full opportunity 
 
 for the relief of his exercised mind, in well-meant, 
 
 10 
 
102 [loth mo. nth, 
 
 honest labour for their profit. Nicholas Wain and 
 William Savery also had good service. 
 
 ^d Day^ nth. — Attended our Week-day Meet- 
 ing in course, which was small in number, but com- 
 fortable. 
 
 A^th Day\ 1 2th. — Was busy at home in the morn- 
 ing. Afternoon visited a friend, with my wife. 
 
 ^th Day.^ ^2>^h. — Sister Gray set off on a visit to 
 Maryland, in company with Isaac Howell and wife, 
 and Isaac Elliott. Afternoon, visited a friend. Ev- 
 ening to see Mary Smith, who daily expects her hus- 
 band. 
 
 6th Day^ \\th. — Busied about secular concerns, 
 which if kept within due bounds, (being necessary,) 
 are not hurtful ; they are only so in the excess. In 
 the afternoon, arrived in town our beloved Friend 
 Samuel Smith, from his religious visit to England and 
 Ireland, to the joy of his wife and friends. George 
 Dillwyn, also, with his wife, came in the same vessel. 
 Received several letters from friends to the East- 
 ward. 
 
 ']th Day^ i$th. — At a Special Meeting of the 
 Ministers, Elders, and Overseers of the 3 Monthly 
 Meetings in this city, by request of our Friend Rob- 
 ert Nesbit, who appeared clothed with much love in 
 what he had to communicate. An exercise was man- 
 ifested generally for the promotion of spiritual health 
 of the Society, and for the putting away of such things 
 as retard us in our progress towards the Heavenly 
 rest. 
 
 1st Day^ i6th. — At Meeting thrice, and I hope, 
 received some benefit. S. Smith, G. Dillwyn, and 
 
I79I-] ^^3 
 
 Robert Nesbit, all appeared in a degree of Gospel 
 Authority. 
 
 2d Day ^ i-jth. — At another Meeting of Minis- 
 ters, Elders and Overseers, where much Christian 
 freedom was exercised for our improvement in a spir- 
 itual relation. 
 
 3^ Da}\, iSth. — Robert Nesbit left our city early 
 this morning, by whom I wrote to a friend Eastward. 
 Had a sitting at his lodgings at Catharine GreenleaPs, 
 which I hope was profitable to some. 
 
 ^th Day^ i()th. — Got in two cords of stove wood, 
 in addition to my winter store, so that I hope we may 
 now look Winter in the face 'till the 4th Month at 
 least, when Sol will be far advanced in his return to 
 our Northern Hemisphere, and consequently, the 
 face of nature revived and invigorated by his animat- 
 ing rays. 
 
 ^th Day^ 20th. — Johnny returned from a two weeks 
 excursion into the country, for the benefit of air and 
 exercise, which is so justly accounted conducive to 
 health, and I think he has made out pretty well on the 
 whole, considering he is but a young traveller. 
 
 6th Day^ 21st. — Had some troublesome work on 
 hand, with a bad tenant, who evidently designed to 
 impose upon me as long as he could, and tho' I did not 
 get all my due, yet I found means to get him out of 
 my house. 
 
 jth Day^ 22d. — Wrote a letter to a friend at 
 Nantucket, and filled up the remainder of the day 
 with other employment. 
 
 15/ Day^ 23^. — Attended three Meetings, at which 
 was some edifying public service. How great are our 
 
104 [loth mo. 24th^ 
 
 opportunities for religious improvement in this city; 
 perhaps beyond any other place. 
 
 2d Day ^ 2\th. — Walked to Schuylkill, about some 
 stone for a building I have in hand, which, however, 
 wearied me a good deal ; but I slept well the night 
 following. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2Sth. — Monthly Meeting day — which 
 held late, and was somewhat trying to some of us 
 that had weak frames. 
 
 ^th Day^ 26th. — Was engaged in some trouble- 
 some necessary business of a temporal nature, in which 
 however, I preserved my own peace, tho' I had to 
 deal with a spiteful and maHcious spirit, who had the 
 will but not the power to do me an injury, except in 
 my outward interest, which I did not much regard. 
 This relates to a tenant of the name of Boggs. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2']th. — Intended for Meeting, but an 
 unexpected occurrence prevented. 
 
 6th Day^ 2^th. — Attended a committee on some 
 Society business. 
 
 ph Day^ 2<^th. — Was engaged in some temporal 
 concerns. The weather, for a considerable time past, 
 has been dry and dusty, so that the farmer thinks the 
 winter-grain suffers ; but we are a murmuring genera- 
 tion, and seldom satisfied with the dispensations meted 
 out to us, which, nevertheless, are doubtless in un- 
 erring wisdom. 
 
 \st Day^ ipth. — Attended three Meetings to-day, 
 to good satisfaction. 
 
 2d Day^ 31J/. — Was busy about some repairs at 
 my dwelling and the tenement adjoining. 
 
I79I.] ^°5 
 
 3^ Day^ J St of Eleventh month. — Attended our 
 Week-day Meeting, and the adjournment of our 
 Monthly Meeting afterwards. Afternoon, visited a 
 friend, with my wife. 
 
 ^th Day^ id. — Spent the forenoon chiefly in writ- 
 ing. Afternoon, visited a friend. Evening, attended 
 a committee on Meeting business. The town has, 
 for some months, at times, been alarmed by fires — 
 chiefly stables, and there is reason to believe they 
 have been purposely fired by evil disposed persons. 
 Much industry has been used to discover them, but 
 as yet without effect. Patrols have been kept up 
 about the streets at night, and $i,ooo offered for 
 apprehending the guilty offenders. 
 
 ^th Day., i^d. — At Week-day Meeting, Jacob 
 Lindley had the principal service by way of Minis- 
 try. The weather altered to-day from dry and dusty 
 to wet, with a considerable fall of snow for the sea- 
 
 son. 
 
 ^th Day., \th. — A fair morning. Settled accounts 
 with brother Joshua respecting my dear Aunt Mary 
 Armitt's affairs. Had some other engagements on 
 hand, which kept me much within-doors to-day. 
 
 ']th Day., sth. — Sundry Friends from the coun- 
 try came in to attend the Quarterly Meeting. Mod- 
 erate pleasant weather. 
 
 1st Day., 6th. — At three Meetings as usual, which 
 were favoured. My sight has been but poor, and I 
 have been obliged to wear spectacles about four years. 
 
 id Day., qth. — The day of our Quarterly Meet- 
 ing; the business finished at two sittings. The ad- 
 journment made so as to hold our next Quarterly 
 
io6 [nth mo. 8th, 
 
 Meeting at the new or North Meeting House — the 
 Fourth Street House, where it hath long been holden, 
 being found, for some years, to be too small and in- 
 convenient. 
 
 3^ Day^ %th. — Youth's Meeting, at which H. 
 Longstreth and William Savery exercised their Min- 
 isterial Gifts, I trust, to some good purpose ; and, 
 altho' some of the honest, fervent labourers are ready 
 at times to conclude that there is little fruit produced 
 by their repeated exercises, yet I think we may safely 
 believe their religious labours have a secret tendency 
 to keep us in the Holy Way, and encourage those 
 who have not yet travelled in it to turn their feet 
 thereinto -, and also tend to discourage such as are 
 habitually vicious from going the lengths which the 
 Enemy of Souls would prompt them to. So that, on 
 the whole, I believe a living Ministry to be a great 
 blessing to the Church and to the community at large, 
 and were it not for it, the land would become even 
 more vile. 
 
 \th Day^ ()th. — Employed mostly about home, 
 and on some Meeting business. This I account my 
 birth-day, and I now reckon I am entering my fiftieth 
 year. O, that I may improve it to the best of pur- 
 poses; that I may not be behind-hand when I am 
 called to the awful bar, where every action, word and 
 thought is to be judged, by Him to whom they are 
 naked and open. 
 
 ^th Day^ lOth, — Was engaged in rendering some 
 service to a young person who, bv his misconduct, 
 has brought himself into much exercise and trouble, 
 so that I did not go to Meeting to-day. Happy for 
 
I79I-] ^^7 
 
 them who look to the inward Instructor, the safe and 
 sure Guide thro' the wilderness of this world, and a 
 favour it is, when we see that we have missed our 
 way, to endeavour to get back again as fast as we can, 
 and let the time past suffice in which we have been 
 doing our own wills, and offering violence to that in- 
 speaking Word and Voice, that will not only show us 
 the right way, but give us power and ability to walk 
 therein. 
 
 6th Day^ i ith. — My dear wife, with several other 
 Friends, by appointment of the Quarterly Meeting, 
 attended Haverford Monthly Meeting. It being a 
 fine, pleasant day, they returned in good season in the 
 evening. The report was that the visit was acceptable 
 to the visited, and satisfactory to the visitors. N. Wain 
 and Hannah Cathrall were two of the number. 
 
 'jth Day^ 12th. — Was engaged about some writ- 
 ing relative to my dear Aunt's estate. 
 
 1st Day^ 13/^. — Attended 3 Meetings, as usual. 
 2d Day^ \\th. — In the morning was employed at 
 home, about outward concerns. Afternoon, attended 
 a general Meeting of Ministers, Elders, and Over- 
 seers for the city. In the evening, was at a Meeting 
 of the Overseers for our own particular Meeting. 
 
 ^dDay^ i^th. — At Week-day Meeting in course, 
 after which the Preparative Meeting was held. Af- 
 ternoon, mostly at home, Mother Elliott being at our 
 house for a few days. 
 
 ^th Day^ i6th. — Agreed with Nathan A. Smith 
 to build several tenements for me on Cresson's Alley, 
 having a piece of ground there which I think may be 
 best for me to improve. 
 
io8 [nth mo. 17th, 
 
 ^th Day^ \']th. — At High Street Meeting House, 
 Samuel Coates and Amy Horner married. Went to 
 see a friend in the evening. 
 
 iith Day^ i%th. — -Filled up my time with writing, 
 reading, and necessary care of my family and outward 
 concerns, not forgetting, I hope, things of higher im- 
 portance ; but it's no small attainment to keep always 
 right, or in other words, in the true resignation, and 
 get the selfish part enough in subjection. 
 
 In the evening, went out to see a friend, for I 
 find it is not best to live alone, and that much true 
 comfort arises from affectionate intercourse, whether 
 it be in the line of outward relationship, or out of that 
 circle, so that it be on the bottom of true love, with- 
 out sinister ends, and in that lovely sincerity which I 
 have sometimes thought stamps or seals our actions 
 either good or bad, as they do or do not arise from this 
 noble spring or source. 
 
 'jth Day^ igth. — Trimmed my vines, in order to 
 lay them down, to protect them from the power of 
 the winter's frost, which often checks them too much, 
 tho' I find they will bear a moderate degree of cold 
 without much injury. 
 
 Yet, as we are uncertain how the winter may 
 prove, I choose to be, as the saying is, of the sure or 
 safe side, especially as my vines are young, not many 
 of them above two years old the coming spring; they 
 bore some few bunches of fruit last season. Mother 
 Elliott went home this evening. 
 
 1st Day^ 10th. — Attended Meetings as usual, 
 which, while I am favoured with tolerable health, 
 I find to be an indispensable duty, from which many 
 
I79I.] 109 
 
 advantages constantly arise; for, attended in a right 
 manner, and the mind as much as possible gathered to 
 its proper center, it sweetens our spirits, and makes 
 us more fit for the common duties of life ; and to- 
 gether with corresponding conduct in our outward 
 concerns amongst men, in our several capacities — 
 social, moral, and religious — keeps us, in a good de- 
 gree, in a state of preparation for our great and final 
 change, which ought ever to be kept in view, as hu- 
 man life is confessedly altogether uncertain in every 
 stage. 
 
 Indeed, when we consider our present state of 
 being as a state of trial and warfare with our own 
 hearts, lusts, and a host of external enemies upon 
 every quarter, it is my solid judgment, (fixed from 
 long experience,) that there is no true happiness in- 
 dependent of this state of holy preparation to meet 
 our God ; for the pleasures, profits, and honours of 
 the world, most assuredly, will be proved to be insuf- 
 ficient to this great end. 
 
 Solomon himself confessed, when experience had 
 made him wise, that they were indeed but vanity and 
 vexation of spirit, and so I believe has every son of 
 Adam found them in the closing awful scene which 
 awaits us all. 
 
 My dear children, for whom I principally write, 
 and for whom I am most affectionately concerned, as 
 you, I trust, have in some good measure known the 
 Truth, and been acquainted with its holy restraints, 
 in the secret of your own breasts, my desire is that 
 you may prize it above all earthly things. Let it ap- 
 pear to you as the pearl of great price hid in the field. 
 
no [nth mo. 20th, 
 
 (mark hid^) in the field of your hearts, for the purchase 
 of which the rich merchantman sold or parted with 
 his all. 
 
 And when you do so, you need never to fear 
 but that all things necessary and really profitable will 
 be added, and that neither grace nor glory, nor any 
 good thing will be withheld. 
 
 O, that you may choose this richest of all bless- 
 ings as your portion and the lot of your inheritance, 
 and then I may humbly hope, that when mine and 
 your precious mother's places on earth are known no 
 more, that you will stand in our gap, and be as stan- 
 dard bearers amongst a dissipated generation. 
 
 For I have sometimes indulged a secret, humble 
 hope, that of you it may be said, as of the untamed 
 colt which our blessed Saviour sent his disciples for, 
 formerly, and on which he made his triumphant entry 
 into the Holy City, or that which was so called, (Je- 
 rusalem,) ^^the Lord hath need of him ^^ or you. 
 
 For I believe, to each of you, his love and gra- 
 cious compassion is eminently extended, and he would 
 most assuredly gather you into his most blessed family. 
 If you are but obedient to his Divine call, and devote 
 the prime of your days to his ever-blessed service, he 
 will take away your dross, and tin, and reprobate silver, 
 and establish you as pillars in his house, (in due time,) 
 and your ends will be crowned with peace and joy 
 unutterable. 
 
 But if, unhappily, my dearest children, in your 
 blooming years and spring-time of life, you turn aside 
 from his holy commandment, and join yourselves to 
 the people of the land, and buy and sell their mer- 
 
I79I.] Ill 
 
 chandize, and traffic in their wares, or in other words, 
 be united to their spirit and tempers, and follow their 
 customs and maxims, then believe me, when I say 
 you will most assuredly make to yourselves a long 
 wilderness of affliction, which you mav possibly be so 
 entangled in as never to be able to get out of. And 
 if you should fall there, as that murmuring people of 
 old did, and never behold the good land, and blessed 
 port and haven of rest, how would my poor head weep 
 (if possible) for you in secret places, and all the powers 
 of parental affection be on the utmost stretch for your 
 deliverance and salvation from so deplorable a state. 
 
 But, my dearest children, I hope, and permit me 
 to hope on a proper ground, better things of you; and 
 such things as accompany sahation ; and that He who, 
 I most humbly hope, hath begun the good work, will, 
 according to the good pleasure of His Divine and ever 
 blessed will, carry it on, and in His own due and ap- 
 pointed time, perfect the same to His own Glory and 
 your ever-enduring peace and happiness. 
 
 These few hints have arisen in my mind this 
 evening, without the least premeditation, and wrote 
 as fast as my hand could well go without any copy, 
 and, as I know they are designed for your everlasting 
 good, may you make the proper use of them, and then 
 my end, and aim, and desire on your behalf, will be 
 answered and completed. 
 
 During the Evening Meeting this day a fire broke 
 out, and burnt down Cousin Jeremiah Cresson's sta- 
 ble, which unsettled the Meeting. Some kept their 
 seats, but most of the assembly went out — a part of 
 whom returned again before the Meeting concluded. 
 
112 [i ith mo. 2ist, 
 
 id Day^ list. — This morning I was taken with 
 a great pain in the small of my back, as I was dress- 
 In2;, which occasioned me to keep my bed three days, 
 part of which time I could scarcely move, tho' sundry 
 applications and medicines were administered, and I 
 was bled In my arm. 
 
 3^ Da)\, 22d. — ^th Da)\ 23^. — Was \ery much 
 indisposed. 
 
 z^th Day^ 2\th. — Was favoured to feel a little 
 better, and made a shift to get out of bed and sit by 
 the fire, but was much Incommoded with pains, which 
 I judged to be either the rheumatism or something of 
 the gravel. I had no fever, nor a sick stomach, yet 
 could scarcely rise out of a chair, or change my pos- 
 ture, without great uneasiness. 
 
 6th Day^ 2^th. — "jth Day^ 26th. — Perceived my- 
 self to mend slowly, so that with some difficulty I 
 walked a little about my chamber, and had some ap- 
 petite to eat, 'tho but sparingly. 
 
 1st Day^ 2']th. — Was so much better that I en- 
 couraged mv dear wife to set off on a little journey to 
 Robinson and Exeter Monthly Meetings, which a 
 Committee of Men and Women Friends were, by our 
 last Quarterly Meeting, appointed to visit. Came 
 down stairs about noon, but felt myself very weak. 
 
 2d Day^ 2%th, — Came down about breakfast-time 
 in the mornino-, and walked a little wav in the middle 
 part of the day, but I thought I took some cold, as it 
 proved rainy towards evening, which will make it un- 
 pleasant for my wife and the other Friends. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2()th. — Attended our Week-day Meet- 
 ing, but was not well enough to stay the adjournment 
 
I79I.] 113 
 
 of the Monthly Meeting. My two sons assisted me 
 in laying down our grape vines, in order to protect 
 them from the frost in the extreme part of the 
 approaching cold season, as they are mostly young, 
 and not hardy enough to bear the severity of the 
 winter. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^oth. — A fine day for the season. I 
 think 'tis likely my wife and company are at Maiden 
 Creek Meeting to-day. Wrote several letters to some 
 of my kind friends in New England, which I finished 
 in the evening, in order to go by Captain Needham 
 to Salem. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^^^ ^f Twelfth month. — This proved a 
 stormy, wet day, which made me think a good deal of 
 my wife and the other Women Friends on their jour- 
 ney in Berks County among the rugged hills, as she 
 is of a delicate habit and frame, and not much abroad 
 at this season of the year. Was very sick with the 
 head-ache, the after part of the day. 
 
 6th Day^ id. — A fine morning after the rain. — 
 Captain Needham sailed to-day. I had an account 
 of my wife's welfare a few days ago. Went to see a 
 friend in the evening. 
 
 ']th Day.^ '^d. — Another fine, healthy morning — 
 tho' sharp, and hard-bound with the frost ; the roads 
 must be very rough. About noon my dear wife re- 
 turned, having borne the fatigue of the journey quite 
 well. In the evening, walked down to brother John's, 
 to see our aged mother. 
 
 1st Day., \th. — Sat three Meetings, which were 
 
 highly favoured with instrumental labour. In the 
 
 first, R. Jones and Samuel Emlen ; afternoon, S. E., 
 
 11 
 
114 [i2th mo. 5th, 
 
 largely ; evening, Peter Yarnall with great authority, 
 and also in prayer. 
 
 2d Day^ ^th. — A good deal of snow fell, but it 
 did not lie long. 
 
 3^ Day^ 6th. — At Week-day Meeting, Griffith 
 Edwards and Hannah Zane entered into marriage 
 covenant. William Savery was concerned in testi- 
 mony, with usual satisfaction to the auditory. 
 
 \th Day^ 'jth. — Was a cold winter-like day ; some 
 snow on the ground, though fine over-head. Was 
 employed mostly in reading, and writing in my col- 
 lection. How happy a contented mind, free from 
 ambitious aims and worldly pursuits, satisfied with 
 moderate things — fire, meat, and clothes — clothes, 
 meat, and fire — as the poet says; and what need 
 of more-, or indeed, what can we enjoy more ? 
 
 The abundance of wealth most certainly brings 
 its cares and its perplexities ; the pursuit of honour, 
 fame, or worldly glory, abundant mortification and 
 disappointment ; pleasures are often attended with dis- 
 gust, disease, and sometimes death and shame. 
 
 Let us, then, make our election and choice of 
 those things which cloy not, neither perish with using; 
 those durable riches that will not fail us beyond the 
 narrow bounds of time, and that honour which cometh 
 from God only. 
 
 And then we may, and often can, with entire free- 
 dom, leave the acquirement of earthly good to those 
 who are so unwise as to barter that Heavenly birth- 
 right, to which they are entitled, if sought with proper 
 earnestness, and suitable patience and perseverance. 
 
I79I.] 115 
 
 However, I speak with caution, not as one that 
 hath attained. I know the road to peace and happi- 
 ness has its tribulations, baptisms and sufferings; nev- 
 ertheless, as there is no other way to real glory but 
 to endure and pass through them, let us cast our care 
 upon Him who is alone able to succour His own hum- 
 ble dependent children, and then we may, with hum- 
 ble confidence, trust Him for the final event, and hope 
 in His mercy that all things will end well. 
 
 ^th Day^ Sth. — At Week-day Meeting at High 
 Street. Afternoon, attended the burial of Beulah 
 Paschall, and then went with my Annabella to see a 
 relation. 
 
 6th Day^ ()th. — This day we hear of the dreadful 
 overthrow of the Federal army, sent by Government 
 into the Western Territory, with the avowed intention 
 of destroying the poor Indians, and their towns, and 
 winter's stock of provisions, which, to my apprehen- 
 sion, carries the appearance of tyranny, and an unjust 
 invasion of native rights. 
 
 'Tis said 600 or 700 poor soldiers, many of them 
 officers of distinction, were slain, and the remainder 
 of the army, about 400 or 500, obliged to flee for 
 their lives to the nearest fortification. 
 
 This being the second instance of a total defeat 
 within two years, it greatly behooves our General 
 Government to examine deeply whether their pro- 
 ceedings as to this deplorable Indian war are founded 
 in justice and equity. And if they are not so founded, 
 which it is much to be feared is really the case, how 
 wise and honourable would it be to stay the sword, 
 and desist from arbitrary force in compelling the na- 
 
Ii6 [i2th mo. lOth, 
 
 tive owners of the soil to abandon their claim to the 
 country where the Beneficent Author and Creator of 
 the universe hath placed and stationed them. 
 
 O, the unnumbered miseries that flow from the 
 destructive principles of war to the human race. How 
 much better would it have been, and how much more 
 consistent with our religious profession as Christians, 
 and our political claims as freemen making part of the 
 great family of mankind, who are all equally entitled 
 to their natural rights. 
 
 I say, how much better, and more to our honour, 
 would it have been for us to have appropriated a small 
 part of the treasure which has been so wantonly was- 
 ted in these last two campaigns into the Western 
 country, for the promotion of peace with the natives, 
 as a fourth part, (and perhaps a great deal less,) I be- 
 lieve, would have bought as much of their lands as the 
 white people could have settled for these one hundred 
 years to come, and also have promoted or established 
 a peace with them which might have continued for a 
 length of years. 
 
 ']th Day^ loth. — Was not very well to-day. 
 
 i^^ Day^ lith. — Being somewhat better, attended 
 two Meetings at the North Meeting House, and one 
 in the evening at High Street. In the time of the 
 sitting of the latter, an alarm of fire was given, but 
 was soon over. However, it might have proved very 
 serious had it not quickly been extinguished, as some 
 great villain had set fire to a wisp of hay in a stable 
 behind Hains' brew house, which, had it communi- 
 cated to that in the loft above, might have made ter- 
 rible destruction in that close-built part of the city. 
 
I79I.] 117 
 
 2d Day^ I2th. — Snow on the ground, and a cold 
 winter day. 
 
 id Day ^ \y:h. — Attended Week-day Meeting in 
 course. John Forster buried. 
 
 \th Day^ \\th. — The air keen and sharp, yet 
 wholesome and bracing to the body. I think much 
 of the wretched remnant of the poor defeated army to 
 the Westward. We learn, by late accounts from the 
 General, Arthur St. Clair, that it is too true, that 
 more than one-half of the whole army were cut off. 
 
 No doubt, among those whom they have reserved 
 as captives, many will be put to most cruel torture, 
 according to the savage Indian customs. 
 
 Many vigorous young men from the Eastern and 
 Middle States have met an untimely end in the dread- 
 ful conflict, and no doubt, parents, wives and children 
 are in deep mourning for their unhappv fate. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — At High Street Meeting, tho' I 
 did not feel well. These frequent indispositions I 
 consider as intimations from a Divine hand that the 
 end of all things, as to this state of being here below, 
 is drawing on, if not near. May I make a proper use 
 of them, and be concerned more and more to set my 
 house (or heart) in order for the awful time when a 
 final separation must inevitably take place, and the 
 dust return to its native dust. 
 
 O, then, to have a well-grounded, humble hope 
 of acceptance and salvation in the realms of everlast- 
 ing light and love. This, indeed, appears often to 
 my view as the highest and most important of all 
 concerns, compared with which the things of time 
 and mortality are as trifling shadows, which appear 
 
 11* 
 
ii8 [i2th mo. 1 6th, 
 
 and disappear, and are forever lost and gone. Mayest 
 thou, then, O my soul, pursue the road to bliss and 
 true happiness with increasing vigilance and firm- 
 ness. 
 
 That as thy days shorten, and the shadows of even- 
 ing are lengthening over thine head, thou mayest wit- 
 ness an increase in circumspection of life and conversa- 
 tion, a growth in true godliness, by and through the help 
 and assistance of the Grace or Good Spirit, which as 
 a Friend at hand, and a principle in which there is 
 indeed power from God afforded to resist evil, and 
 cleave to the good. 
 
 That, by the virtue of this Divine Principle, the 
 great work may go on, and in due time be perfected, 
 to the praise of the Divine and most Holy Name, and 
 the everlasting well-being of the immortal spirit. — 
 Amen. 
 
 6th Day^ ibth, — Last night and to-day was greatly 
 afflicted with my old complaint. Our European 
 Friends, Mary Ridgway and Jane Watson, came to 
 town in the evening. 
 
 ']th Day^ I'jth. — Fatigued myself with some ne- 
 cessary employment. Find it best to be busy in mod- 
 eration. The most satisfaction arises from engage- 
 ments which are beneficial to ourselves or others, and 
 tend to strengthen the good and discourage the evil 
 propensity in us. 
 
 Man is formed for activity, and his senses and 
 outward organs of the body adapted to various uses 
 and ends in the creation. Let them, nevertheless, be 
 employed in subservience to the all-important object, 
 or at least innocently. 
 
I79I.] 119 
 
 1st Day^ \%th. — This was a very wet day, and 
 walking excessively sloppy. However, attended three 
 Meetings, as long has been my custom on this day of 
 the week, when at home and well. They were com- 
 fortable, and I hope, in some degree, profitable. We 
 have need dally of spiritual as well as outward food 
 for our bodies' sustenance and health. 
 
 John Parrish, Thomas Scattergood, Sarah Harri- 
 son, and Mary Ridgway appeared. Peter Marriott 
 and Mary Elmslie interred. A stable or store-house 
 in Third Street burnt down. Supposed to have been 
 set on fire by some wicked incendiaries, the like 
 infamous practice having been continued for some 
 months back. 
 
 id Day^ ic^th. — This day a little boy who lived 
 with Charles Wharton, 14 or 15 years old, was com- 
 mitted to prison, on suspicion of having been one at 
 least, (if not a principal,) in setting fire to divers sta- 
 bles and out-buildings which have been burnt of late 
 weeks. 'Tis said, indeed, that he has confessed the 
 fact, which, if really true, is an instance how powerful 
 the grand Seducer and Enemy of mankind is, even in 
 early life, to draw the simple and unguarded into ac- 
 tion and conduct destructive of every prospect of hap- 
 piness, both outwardly and inwardly. 
 
 But such, alas, in too many instances, is the de- 
 pravity of human nature, and what more can the vir- 
 tuous mind do, in most instances, but lament without 
 the power of redressing it. 
 
 Went with my wife in the evening to visit our 
 European Friends, who make their homes at John 
 Pemberton's. 
 
120 [i2th mo. 20th, 
 
 3^ Day^ 20th. — Week-day Meeting, Jane Wat- 
 son appeared in testimony. Cousin Samuel Emlen 
 laid before the Meeting his religious concern once 
 more to visit the brethren in some parts of Europe. 
 If he goes, it will, I think, be the sixth time he hath 
 crossed the Atlantic Ocean. 
 
 /if.th Day^ list. — Found myself rather indisposed 
 the fore-part of the day. Afternoon, finding myself 
 better, went out to see a friend. 
 
 Sth Day^ 22d, — It proved very sharp to-day, es- 
 pecially towards night. Well for those who have 
 bread in their own houses, comparatively speaking. 
 At brother Joshua's in the evening. 
 
 ^th Day^ i-T^d. — Read, wrote, and walked for my 
 health, to which I think walking is particularly bene- 
 ficial. Paid a visit to Cousin Thomas Scattergood's 
 family, in company with my wife. 
 
 •^th Day^ 2^th. — Seasonable for what is called 
 Christmas Eve, being clear and cold. 
 
 1st Day^ 2Sth. — This being accounted the anni- 
 versary of our Blessed Saviour's birth, was a very fine 
 pleasant day, and the streets very lively with people 
 of various denominations resorting to their different 
 places of Worship. Was at our own Meeting, as 
 usual, and hope I received some benefit. 
 
 id Day^ 26th. — The weather continuing fine, I 
 walked a good deal, about my private affairs, having 
 in contemplation the building of some tenements on a 
 vacant piece of ground I have yet remaining. 
 
 2d Day^ I'jth. — At our Monthly Meeting, where 
 we had the company of our European Friends, after 
 which they dined with us, and in the evening several 
 
I79I.] 121 
 
 others of our valued friends came in, and added to our 
 satisfaction. 
 
 Our good Women had, both of them, something 
 to communicate by way of exhortation, all of which 
 was in the encouraging line, particularly to my dear 
 wife and Johnny. 
 
 ^th Day^ l^th. — The fine weather holds yet. 
 In the evening went out to see a friend. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2C)th. — At High Street Meeting, Hugh 
 Judge, from Wilmington, and several other Friends 
 appeared in testimony. 
 
 To-day I went to see a fine young African lion, 
 which was an unusual sight here, (tho' I have, many 
 years ago, seen a lioness). He was very tame, and 
 appeared to know his keeper. 
 
 He was of a light dun colour, and about 3 feet 
 high, to the top of his shoulders; he was not, they 
 said, near to his growth, having but little mane ; his 
 fore-feet and claws were exceedingly strong, and he 
 had a very lively, majestic presence. 
 
 Great are the works of the Almighty Creator — 
 which every part of His animate (as well as inani- 
 mate) Creation loudly proclaim to the thoughful, sen- 
 sible mind. 
 
 From a deep conviction of our weakness and im- 
 potence, and His inconceivable power and wisdom, 
 the humble soul is often led to reverence and adore 
 His infinite perfections, at least so far as they are man- 
 ifested to our finite comprehension. 
 
 In the evening walked out to see a friend. 
 
 6th Day^ ^^th. — Not much change in the weather. 
 One of our European Friends' fine wagon horses got 
 
122 [i2th mo. 31st, 
 
 into a hole in the stable where they were kept, and 
 kicked and bruised himself to death. This must oc- 
 casion them some concern and disappointment, as he 
 had been a gentle, useful creature to them for many 
 months past ; and Jane Watson drove him mostly, or 
 altogether, herself. 
 
 ']th Day^ 31-^^. — The year ends with a fine, clear 
 day, cold and seasonable. 
 
 I have now completed one year of my Diary, and 
 I am not discouraged as yet from continuing it a little 
 longer, if life and health should be vouchsafed, tho' I 
 find it requires some care and attention, as well as 
 labour in writing. 
 
 However, if my dear children, on looking over 
 it hereafter, when I am gone, should pick out of it 
 any little hints or observations that may have a ten- 
 dency to encourage them in a virtuous course, my 
 end and intention will be answered. 
 
 For, I often feel the force of parental aff'ection 
 towards them, attended with anxious solicitude for 
 their preservation from the evils which abound in this 
 world, and may say, from long experience, that we 
 are unable to preserve ourselves^ and are wholly de- 
 pendent on the bounty and mercy of our adorable 
 Creator. 
 
 Let us, then, unitedly look up unto Him for 
 counsel and direction in our movements and steppings 
 along; acknowledge Him in the whole tenor of our 
 conduct and deportment amongst men. 
 
 In a word, make His Divine and Holv Law the 
 rule of our lives. We shall then know an improve- 
 ment in grace, and the gifts of the Holy Spirit. 
 
I79I.] 123 
 
 Let us strive to adorn our Christian profession 
 by our lives, and w^itness, through the Lord's favour, 
 true happiness in death, when it shall please Him to 
 send the undeniable messenger to summon us from 
 the troubles of time to the joys of eternity. 
 
 END OF I 79 I . 
 
 The First Day of the New Year, 
 
 1792. 
 
 Let me Prefer this Humble Prayer: 
 
 O, Thou Great Preserver of Men, whose mercy 
 and goodness have thus far protected me through life; 
 Thou hast been a Parent in the room of those Thou 
 wast pleased to remove from me in the morning of my 
 days ; defending me from the temptations of my soul's 
 enemies; and continuing a living hunger and thirst 
 after the Bread and Water of Life ; be pleased yet, 
 in Thy great mercy, to be near to me, and conduct 
 me through the remainder of my time in this world in 
 Thy holy fear ; that so, when it may please Thee to 
 put a period to my days, I may be of the number of 
 Thy ransomed ones, who through the blessed Atone- 
 ment made by our Holy Redeemer, may be cleansed 
 from all unrighteousness, and made meet for Thy pure 
 and holy Kingdom. 
 
124 [ist mo. 1st, 
 
 Gracious Father, as Thou hast been with me, 
 so look down upon my endeared help-meet and tender 
 offspring; make them more and more acquainted with 
 Thy Holy Truth, and preserve them from the evils 
 of the world; that so when our day's work is finished, 
 we may unite in Hallelujahs to Thy Great Name. 
 
 1st Day^ 1st of First month. — The year comes in 
 with rain, the morning being very wet and cold. At- 
 tended three Meetings, to a degree of comfort and 
 satisfaction. 
 
 2d Day^ id. — Had the company of several friends 
 from the country, who spent great part of the day with 
 us. Also, our dear aged Mother Elliott, whose eye- 
 sight seems nearly gone. She expects to spend a few 
 days with us. 
 
 i^d Day^ i^d. — ^At our own Week-day Meeting, 
 after which the adjournment of our Monthly Meeting 
 was held. Weather dull and very damp. 
 
 \th Day^ \th, — Cleared away and was fine, so 
 that the shipping passed up and down the Delaware. 
 
 <^th Day^^th. — At Week-day Meeting, High St. 
 Our Friend M. Ridgway was remarkably close in her 
 testimony, especially to those of the foremost rank. 
 No doubt there is too much unsoundness amongst the 
 members of our Religious Community in this city, 
 which requires so much exercising labour to the hon- 
 est, devoted servants. 
 
 The truth certainly is, that many of us of the 
 present generation are Quakers by education. We 
 have been born so, or at least of parents of that name, 
 and brought up as such, but it may too justly be feared 
 
1792.] ' 125 
 
 that many have never known the sanctifying opera- 
 tions of the Divine Word, to divide the precious from 
 the vile, or the natural fleshly part from that spiritual 
 part, in and by which alone the Divine Will can be 
 done and performed by us poor weak creatures. 
 
 Hence many are (and long continue) in a dwarf- 
 ish, unfeeling, and almost senseless state, as to the 
 real Life of Religion; and so their tender offspring, 
 educated in the same loose and indifferent way, are 
 often but nominal professors. 
 
 Another main hindrance to a religious progress 
 is the over-eager pursuit of riches and worldly hon- 
 our, which too often choke the good seed and render 
 it unfruitful. 
 
 May we all profit by the repeated calls of a mer- 
 ciful and compassionate Father, who most certainly 
 wills our present and everlasting happiness, is my sin- 
 cere desire for myself and others. 
 
 dth Day^ bth. — Wrote considerably in my col- 
 lection. 
 
 'jth Day^ 'jth. — Snow, and very cold withal. 
 
 jst Day^ Sth, — Attended three Meetings, and I 
 hope not altogether in vain. 
 
 2d Day^ o^th, — Rode a few miles over Schuvlkill 
 about some Meeting business. Found the road very 
 rough, and the air excedingly sharp. 
 
 T^d Day^ loth. — Attended Week-day Meeting, 
 which was silent. Called to see a friend in the after- 
 noon. Wrote in my collection, after-part of the day, 
 and read the Holy Scripture — which, I often find, 
 sweetens the mind, and is a help to keeping it in a 
 peaceful, reverent frame, beyond all other books. 
 
 12 
 
126 [ist rho. nth, 
 
 Catharine Greenleaf taken suddenly with some- 
 thing like a paralytic or apopletic stroke, which much 
 surprised her near connections. Mother Elliott went 
 home to brother John's to-day. 
 
 ^th Day^ nth. — This morning the Delaware 
 was frozen over pretty strong, so that the young 
 people ventured on it in considerable numbers. The 
 sharpness of the air kept me and my good wife 
 mostly in-doors — finding a warm house and fire- 
 side the most comfortable place. May we be suffi- 
 ciently thankful for the mercies daily received. 
 
 ^th Day^ iith. — Attended High Street Meeting, 
 where but little was said vocally. Nancy Russel and 
 several others dined, and spent the afternoon with us. 
 In the evening it became what is called intensely cold, 
 with snow 7 or 8 inches deep. Wind easterly ; con- 
 sequently dangerous for vessels on the coast, whom 
 I frequently think of at such times. 
 
 6th Day., ^2>^h. — Suitable weather for this season. 
 The grain being protected from the severity of the 
 frost, by the covering of snow, is a favourable cir- 
 cumstance. 
 
 Very lively about the streets with the sleighs. 
 The bells, which by a late ordinance the horses are 
 compelled to wear — or at least their owners to put on 
 them — make it now much safer for foot passengers 
 than formerly. 
 
 'jth Day., \\th. — Spent the day mostly at home, 
 where I can always find agreeable employment; but, 
 lest it should become burdensome, I vary it — which 
 I find to be not only agreeable but useful. Sometimes 
 I write, either copying or inditing; sometimes read 
 
1792.] 127 
 
 the Wx''itings of others, of which there is indeed great 
 store — a great deal, however, is unprofitable, if not 
 hurtful. 
 
 Sometimes I split wood, or clear the snow out of 
 my yard, or at least throw it on the border. Some- 
 times I walk at the back of the town, or in the best 
 part of the streets, when the weather is not inviting to 
 go further. 
 
 Sometimes I call to see my friends, and make a 
 point of attending our own, and sometimes go to other 
 Meetings. Thus I am greatly favoured. 
 
 I should have mentioned, that in the Summer 
 season I sometimes do a little with my carpenter's 
 tools, or drive a nail here and there. I have also a 
 good deal of work to train, and tend, and dress my 
 vines and flower pots, and my tubs with orange 
 trees. 
 
 Add to all this, I am sometimes engaged about 
 little services for the Society ; and my small estate is 
 divided among a great many hands, so that I have 
 something to do to attend to them all in season. 
 
 Some Wise Men may think these remarks rather 
 trifling, yet perhaps they may hereafter have their 
 use ; if so, it's not very material what people say — if 
 we do nothing that's evil or reproachful. 
 
 1st Day^ i^th. — At Meeting thrice. Afternoon 
 to see a friend. Weather clear and cold. 
 
 2d Day^ i6ih. — A fine, wholesome morning; — 
 such weather, I believe, conduces to the health of the 
 inhabitants, as we hear of but few indisposed within 
 the circle of our acquaintance, it being a time of pretty 
 general health. 
 
128 [ist mo. 17th, 
 
 Yet, as the inhabitants are numerous, most days 
 some drop ofF. Owen Jones' sister Martha buried to- 
 day,' being an antient Friend. 
 
 2^d Day^ \']th. — Last night and this morning had 
 a distressing fit of the headache, which continued 'till 
 evening, and deprived me of appetite and outward com- . 
 fort. I have this consolation, that I am of the mind 
 it may be of use in preventing some other disorder 
 from being introduced into my weak frame. Several 
 friends called in, as I was not at Meeting, as common. 
 In the evening I grew better. 
 
 \th Day^ iSth. — This was a dull morning, and 
 proved a snowy day. The snow continued 'till it 
 became deep, attended with severe cold wind. 
 
 ^th Day^ 19th. — A fine, clear morning, tho' ex- 
 cessively sharp ; the wind high and blustering, from 
 the north-west. 
 
 Sleighing is now perfectly good, for those who 
 are fond of it. For my part, I had rather be quiet, 
 and excused from such jumbling exercise or diversion. 
 However, for those who travel on real business, or to 
 supply the calls of necessary business, I think it an 
 eligible way of travelling. 
 
 Attended High Street Meeting, and in the even- 
 ing went to see a friend. Felt rather better than 
 common to-day, as to health and spirits. 
 
 bth Day^ 20th. — Attended a committee. Wrote 
 in my collection, and read occasionally ; so the time 
 passed peacefully, and perhaps as much to our satis- 
 faction, as can reasonably be expected in this imper- 
 fect state. 
 
 'jth Day^ 21st. — Employed much as yesterday. 
 
1792.] 129 
 
 1st Day, 22^. — An addition to the snow on the 
 ground by a considerable fall in the night — so that it 
 was with some difficulty we got to Meeting, which 
 was smaller than usual to-day. The air is now ex- 
 cessively keen. 
 
 Sarah Mifflin, (widow of Jonathan Mifflin,) an 
 antient Friend, of four-score, deceased. 
 
 So it is, that sooner or later, the time of our pil- 
 grimage here is finished, and we cease, as to bodily 
 presence. Nevertheless, if through infinite mercy, 
 we are preserved by the Divine Power in the integ- 
 rity and simplicity, we shall be of the accepted. 
 
 2d Day, 2'^d. — The weather continues cold, but 
 seasonable. Several sudden deaths about this time. 
 One very remarkable, of a neighbour of the name of 
 Thomas Myers, about 28 years of age, who just be- 
 fore, in apparent health, with his child on his knee, 
 said to his wife he felt poorly, desiring her to take the 
 baby, then falling to the floor, 'tis said, expired in less 
 than ten minutes. Such a vapour is life. 
 
 3^ Day, 2^th. — Monthly Meeting day. Also, 
 an adjournment in the afternoon, which held late in 
 the evening. 
 
 ^.th Day, 2Sth. — ^th Day, 26th. — 6th Day, 2']th, 
 — The weather moderated, tho' the river continues 
 strongly bound in icy chains, and carriages and sleds 
 with wood are hourly passing, so that we may be 
 said to have a natural bridge for a little season. 
 
 Joseph Saunders deceased; also, Dr. Smith sud- 
 denly; likewise Dubree's black man, Ishmael, an 
 honest creature, whom I have known many years. 
 
 1- 
 
 o* 
 
loo [ist mo. 28th, 
 
 ']th Day^ iSth. — Found engagements of various 
 sorts at home, and the old saying frequently verified, 
 that every day brings its work — and indeed so it does 
 to those who have families. 
 
 15^ Day^ igth. — Attended three Meetings, tho' 
 through some difficulty on account of the weather. 
 
 2d Day^ ipth. — 3^ Day^ -i^ist. — The poor boy 
 before mentioned, named William Dillon, was ar- 
 raigned and tried at the Supreme Court, for setting 
 fire, wilfully and designedly, to several buildings. 
 
 He had confessed his guilt to several before his 
 trial, but, as he retracted, the jury did not see fit to 
 convict him upon that ground alone. 
 
 There not being sufficient evidence beside, he 
 was acquitted of the crime of arson, which would 
 have touched his life, and found guilty upon another 
 indictment of perjury, he was sentenced to several 
 years hard labour. 
 
 £i^th Day^ \st of Second month. — Had the headache 
 to-day, which generallv disqualifies me for any use- 
 ful exertion. 
 
 ^th Day., id. — At High Street Meeting, where 
 we were invited to the burial of our friend John Head. 
 He was near 70, and by a life of care and frugality, 
 and a blessing upon his endeavours, had gathered an 
 abundance of what is called wealth, and I hope, with 
 an unblemished character. 
 
 I have often thought that great earthly riches are 
 no real advantage to our posterity ; for they oftentimes 
 elevate the minds of the young and inexperienced, 
 and divert or discourage the work of true religion 
 upon the mind. 
 
1792.] 131 
 
 Keeping it aloof from that deep and weighty 
 sense of the importance of our being in this proba- 
 tionary state, and the necessity of placing our affec- 
 tions on things above, in order to be fitted and pre- 
 pared for a rest in the Day of Trouble, when our pil- 
 grimage through time and the trials of mortality are 
 at an end. 
 
 bth Day^ 3^. — Walked to the stone quarry at the 
 upper ferry, about some stone for my intended build- 
 ing. I find it useful and conducive to health, now and 
 then to take a little exercise this way, but yet it may 
 be overdone ; that is exercise beyond the bodily pow- 
 ers, which of course destroys the benefit expected or 
 desired. 
 
 ']th Day^ \th. — Morning dull, but cleared away, 
 and proved moderate towards evening. I think the 
 time in Winter seems to pass swifter than in Summer, 
 and perhaps various reasons may be assigned why it 
 is so. 
 
 I have made another remark or observation some- 
 times, that in advanced life the years appear to roll 
 round quicker than in youth. This also, may, I think, 
 be easily accounted for. 
 
 I am sensible variety of circumstances have great 
 effect, according to our situations and our advantages 
 as to our stations in the world, so that we have dif- 
 ferent prospects and sentiments at different periods of 
 our lives. 
 
 But, be these what they may, resignation to the 
 Divine Will is a most happy, tho' I well know, a dif- 
 ficult attainment. This will, in a good measure, re- 
 concile us to our allotments, calm the mind in afilic- 
 
I 02 [2d mo. 5th, 
 
 tion, and preserve it from too great elevation in pros- 
 perity, knowing everything mutable is unstable. 
 
 Let us then, dear children, labour after this great 
 and necessary virtue ; and the nearer we attain to it, 
 the more we shall experience its excellency as an an- 
 tidote against the evils of human life, or what may 
 appear to us as such. 
 
 1 believe we are often mistaken in our appre- 
 hensions in that respect, and that blessings are some- 
 times dispensed to us in disguise; for the dispensations 
 of Unerring Wisdom are unsearchable, yet always in 
 mercy and love to those who truly fear Him, and who 
 are, in uprightness and sincerity, desirous to serve Him 
 with all the strength and ability afforded. 
 
 1st Day^ ^th. — At Meeting three times, as usual. 
 How much owest thou unto thy Lord, was the lan- 
 guage of my heart, for the continuation of unmerited 
 blessings, both outward and inward: — health to myself 
 and my family, a sufficiency of temporal things, peace 
 and plenty on every hand. May my heart be grate- 
 ful and thankful, ever remembering that all is derived 
 from Him who is the source of bounty and perfec- 
 tion. 
 
 2d Day^ 6th. — Was at our Quarterly xMeeting, 
 which went through their business at two sittings. 
 Our North Meeting House accommodated us pretty 
 well, this being the first Quarterly Meeting held there. 
 Samuel Emlenand Sarah Harrison's religious concerns 
 for England were united with, and sanctioned by en- 
 dorsements on their certificates severally. 
 
 3^/ Day^ jth. — Was Youth's Meeting in course, 
 but I did not attend it, my brother-in-law Isaac Gray 
 
being ill, and judged to be near his end in this world. 
 Towards evening it set in for a heavy snow storm. 
 
 ^th Day^ Stb. — Snow eight or more inches deep 
 on a level, and tho' the weather appeared so very win- 
 ter-like, our valued Friends, M. Ridgway and Jane 
 Watson, left the city with a view to visit some Meet- 
 ings in Chester County and Delaware State. I. G. 
 grows weaker. My wife stays with her sister alto- 
 gether, in this her time of trial. 
 
 ^th Day^ ()th. — Another fall of snow in the night. 
 I was at High Street Meeting, which was favoured 
 with some instructive ministry through our Friend 
 George Dillwyn. 
 
 The river is so firm that loaded carriages pass 
 with confidence. Wood, ^4.00 to ^6.00 a cord, and 
 plenty from both Jersey and Pennsylvania sides. 
 
 6th Day^ loth. — Real winter, in its proper season. 
 
 'jth Day^ iith. — Brother Isaac takes little or no 
 sustenance, or notice of any person or thing that passes 
 — lying in one position mostly. But we hope he is 
 favoured with his senses in these awful moments, be- 
 ing very still and quiet. 
 
 1st Day^ Mth. — Between 12 and i last night my 
 brother-in-law, Isaac Gray, departed this life. He was 
 favoured with an easy passage, to outward appearance, 
 without that agony which often attends these mortal 
 tabernacles. • 
 
 The greater part of his life he was well respec- 
 ted, and was considered as a man of parts and learn- 
 ing, having served in the Assembly several years. He 
 was upwards of 20 years in a married state ; he had 
 
1^4 [2d mo. 13th, 
 
 one daughter, who lived but a few minutes. He was 
 aged near 44 years. 
 
 id Day ^ i^th. — More snow fell. 
 
 3^ Day^ i^th. — Preparative Meeting, but did not 
 attend it, on account of my brother-in-law's de- 
 cease. 
 
 ^th Day^ 15//7. — This afternoon my brother-in- 
 law Isaac Gray was interred in the north-west corner 
 of Friends' burial ground. The funeral was respect- 
 fully attended by many relations and former acquain- 
 tance. It was a cold day, and much snow on the 
 ground. 
 
 ^th Day^ i6th. — Attended High Street Meeting. 
 Afternoon employed in writing. I think Solomon tells 
 us that there is a time for every purpose, and much, 
 no doubt, depends upon the well timing of almost every 
 concern and undertaking in life; for very many well- 
 laid plans and purposes have failed on account of their 
 being injudiciously timed. 
 
 This observation of the wisest of men may be 
 applied both to temporals and spirituals, and also to 
 things of lesser as well as greater magnitude and im- 
 portance. I have often realized the assertion in the 
 lines of experience. 
 
 There is another thing which conduces much to 
 the success of even our honest enterprises ; that is, 
 after our plans are well laid and well timed, then be 
 resolftte and steady in the execution, and, trusting to 
 Divine help, they are seldom abortive. 
 
 bth Day^ I'jth, — -jth Day^ \%th. — These two days 
 I spent mostly in writing, reading, and some calls 
 among my friends. 
 
1792.] 135 
 
 1st Day^ ic)th. — At three Meetings, agreeable to 
 my usual custom when in health. 
 
 id Day^ 20th. — The weather continues very cold. 
 Much snow on the ground, and it may be said with 
 truth, that we have had a severe winter thus far — the 
 river having been frozen over now about six weeks, 
 the greater part of which time loaded carriages have 
 passed and repassed daily. Much wood has come to the 
 city from the Jersey shore above and below this place. 
 
 3^ Day.^ 2ist. — At Monthly Meeting, which, at 
 two sittings, went through their business, in about 
 seven hours. 
 
 /\.th Day^ lid. — Walked nearly to Schuylkill, 
 about stone for my intended building, and found it 
 cold and sloppy. 
 
 5/^ Day^ 23^. — Attended High Street Meeting, 
 where several Friends were concerned in testimony. 
 James Cresson and George Dillwyn were two of the 
 number. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — jth Day^ 2$th. — The weather 
 now moderates as the sun gathers strength, and it af- 
 fords a pleasure to the mind to have indications of the 
 approach of spring, after being so long inured to the 
 boisterous blasts of the north winds. 
 
 How infinitely and stupendously powerful is the 
 Supreme Creator, who made and supports the universe 
 with such inconceivable wisdom and order, that every 
 part of the mighty whole is preserved and maintained 
 in its proper place and station, and is subservient to 
 the Great Maker's purpose. He is always operating 
 powerfully (tho' sometimes out of sight,) in upholding 
 both the visible and invisible creation. 
 
336 [2d mo. 25th, 
 
 There is great diversity in the climates of the 
 different parts of the globe we Inhabit, and the Zones 
 are divided Into one Torrid or Burning Zone, two 
 Temperate, and two Frigid or Frozen Zones. 
 
 Of these, we are situated in one of the Temper- 
 ate Zones. Our climate Is variable, but this, accord- 
 ing to my apprehension, makes it the more agreeable. 
 For the contrast between heat and cold has with me 
 a tendency to make the return of spring more welcome 
 after the winter's cold ; and the approach of winter 
 after the summer's heat, serves to brace and strengthen 
 our relaxed frames after the warm season has passed. 
 So that we have every reason to be contented and 
 thankful for our allotment on this ball of earth. 
 
 For, If we were in a situation so mild as to be 
 unacquainted with frost, or so severe as that of Green- 
 land and other northern regions, where there is but 
 little heat or warmth, it would, in my opinion, be more 
 unpleasant than to have our present changes. 
 
 However, I do not undertake to determine for 
 others, as I am aware that mankind In general give 
 the preference to their native country. 
 
 This love of country has a powerful tendency to 
 bind us to the soil that gave us birth. No doubt it 
 was put Into our hearts in wisdom Infinite, in order 
 that the human race should be dispersed and divided 
 on the surface of the globe, and furnished with the 
 means of subsistence, during the little span of time 
 that Is afforded them for the great purpose of render- 
 ing them fit Inhabitants for the far better world to 
 come, where, we are taught to believe, all will be 
 fixed and unalterable. 
 
I792-] 137 
 
 1st Da)., 26th. — Cloudy, with rain. Attended 
 Meeting as usual. 
 
 2d Day^ i.']th. — Much rain in the night, but the 
 river keeps firm. 
 
 3^ Day^ iSth. — At Meeting ; afterwards on So- 
 ciety business. John Norris buried, who was killed 
 by a fall from a scaffold. 
 
 ^th Day^ i()th. — Attended the funeral of Stanton 
 Dorsey, aged about 24. He was grandson of that 
 worthy, Daniel Stanton ; but alas, it matters not to 
 whom we are related, or who were our progenitors ! 
 If we do not well ourselves, we cannot expect to be 
 Divinely approved. This youth, unhappily, took, 
 early in life, to bad courses, in which he persevered, 
 so as 'tis too probable he shortened his days by his 
 evil conduct. 
 
 O, ever to be lamented folly ! that neither the 
 affectionate entreaties of our nearest friends, the loss 
 of health and reputation, and above all, the remon- 
 strances and convictions of the holy, unflattering Wit- 
 ness for Truth in our own breasts, can prevail, so as 
 to induce those simple ones to forsake the paths of 
 death and destruction, and turn to the Lord whilst 
 the door of mercy remains standing open ; for if ever 
 it is eternally shut against us, woe indeed, must be 
 our portion. 
 
 However, I attempt not to decide on the state of 
 this poor young man. He had a long space of sick- 
 ness and bodily weakness, which may be acccounted 
 a favour; and if he made a proper use and improve- 
 ment thereof, we know that the Lord sustains the 
 
 13 
 
138 [3d mo. ist, 
 
 adorable character of Infinite in Mercy and Goodness 
 towards the truly penitent in heart. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^^t ^f T^hird month. — This we call the 
 first Spring day, and a pleasant one it is. Neighbour 
 Robinson began his new building near my dwelling. 
 
 Was much indisposed with the sick headache. 
 May be it is a mercy to keep me from resting in any 
 of the enjoyments here below. 
 
 For, as I am favoured to have a comfortable share 
 of outward things without much labour, if I had not 
 some alloy, I see there is danger of cleaving too close 
 to earth and lower objects, and neglecting the great 
 and momentous work, which is so important to all. 
 
 (ith Da},, 2d. — Moderate, and a good deal spring- 
 like, 'tho the icy chains of winter's piercing cold yet 
 bind the Delaware and Schuylkill. 
 
 ']th Day., 3^. — ^ Variously employed, and I hope 
 not unprofitably. I meditated upon the shortness and 
 uncertainty of earthlv goods ; their inability to satisfy 
 the immortal part, which at times is favoured to see 
 and contemplate the end of all things here as swiftly 
 approaching with resistless force. O, for a prepara- 
 tion for a better inheritance than this world can give 
 to any of its most devoted sons. 
 
 1st Day., ^th. — At Meeting thrice, where we were 
 favoured with the right sort of preaching. 
 
 2d Day., ^th. — The morning was ushered in with 
 thunder and lightning — very awful, as well as uncom- 
 mon, at this season. Much rain accompanied it. — 
 However, it continues cold. River not broken up. 
 
 3^ Day., bth. — Attended our Week-day Meeting, 
 at which we heard the voice of our valued Friend 
 
1792.] 139 
 
 Thomas Scattergood, who lately returned from a six 
 weeks religious visit to some Meetings in Jersey. 
 
 George Dillwyn also appeared, and we may allow 
 it was an edifying time. Attended a Committee on 
 Society business. In the evening was also employed 
 in the same way. 
 
 \th. Day^ 'jth. — Was indisposed with the sick 
 headache — very poorly indeed. Nothing but patience 
 will do any good. 
 
 ^th Day^ Sth. — Better. In the afternoon it 
 rained and snowed, and was very stormy. However, 
 I got to a Committee at Fourth Street House. Ice 
 in the river begins to move. 
 
 6th Day^ ()th. — Clear morning; the snow 3 or 4 
 inches deep, but was mostly gone by night. Attended 
 a Committee on Meeting business in the afternoon. 
 Some small craft, 'tis said, begin to move on the river. 
 
 ph Day^ lOth. — A rainy morning, and proved a 
 thorough wet day, which, in all likelihood, will open 
 the navigation. There is a considerable freshet in the 
 Delaware. Kept mostly within doors, and found 
 agreeable employment. 
 
 \st Day^ nth. — At Meeting, as usual. 
 
 id Day^ i^th. — Cool and blustering, like March. 
 Tradesmen in the building way seem to get in motion, 
 and 'tis expected that many good houses will go on 
 this season. Materials and workmanship, conse- 
 quently, rate high. 
 
 3^ Day^ i^th. — Attended Week-day Meeting 
 and an appointment. Then some necessary mat- 
 ters of a private nature. I find I am generally more 
 fit to conduct my worldly business when my mind is 
 
140 [3d mo. 14th, 
 
 seasoned at a good Meeting, by getting as near as 
 possible to the Inward Principle, and true place of 
 waiting, and as it were, feeling my way through the 
 thorns and briers of a delusive world, which often 
 hangs out false colours to deceive the simple and cap- 
 tivate the unguarded. 
 
 Let us, therefore, maintain the spiritual watch, 
 my dear children, for we are no longer safe than while 
 we are on our guard against the Grand Enemy of 
 souls. 
 
 ^th Da)\, i^th. — ^th Day^ i^th. — Much taken 
 up about my new building. The weather coarse and 
 blustering. A cold rain, with snow, came on towards 
 evening of Fifth-day. 
 
 About fiftv Indians came to town; said to be of 
 the Six Nations. How earnestly is it to be desired 
 that they may be instrumental in bringing about a peace 
 with their country-folks to the Westward, where so 
 much blood hath been lately shed. 
 
 Mother Elliott came to spend a few days with us. 
 
 ^th Day^ i6th. — Snow fell to a considerable depth, 
 but soon disappeared. Afternoon attended a Com- 
 mittee. Am favoured to feel pretty well in health. 
 
 yth Day^ ijth. — A remarkably fine day, which I 
 filled up with various avocations. 
 
 How swiftly time passes; dailv numbering many 
 to a state of everlasting fixedness. Of what import- 
 ance, then, is it to be in a condition to render an ac- 
 count of our stewardship. 
 
 May I bear this consideration ever in mind, and 
 regulate my conduct, not upon the things of time, but 
 as a probationer for eternity, which may most properly 
 
1792.] ' HI 
 
 be called our home, and this life but as a prelude or 
 passage to the awful, all-interesting, after scene. 
 
 jst Day^ \%th, — Attended three Meetings. Our 
 European Women Friends, M. Ridgway and Jane 
 Watson, came to town yesterday, after spending a 
 few weeks among the Meetings in Chester County. 
 They represent the badness of the roads as exceed- 
 ing any they ever saw. 
 
 id Day^ igth. — The masons began to lay stone 
 in my new building. At Overseer's Meeting in the 
 afternoon. Evening, to see a friend. 
 
 ^d Day^ 20th. — Rain in the night. Was de- 
 tained from Meeting, much against my inclination. 
 
 ^th Day^ 21st. — In the afternoon was a funeral 
 in the ground opposite our door, of an Indian, one of 
 the company who lately arrived from the back coun- 
 try. Several thousand spectators attended, from mo- 
 tives of curiosity, and were very disorderly, much, I 
 think, to the discredit of our city. 
 
 ^th Day^ 22d. — At High Street Meeting, where 
 our European Women Friends were acceptably heard 
 in public testimony. 
 
 We are informed of the decease of David Desh- .' 
 ler, an antient Friend of German descent; also, Han- 
 nah, the widow of Joseph Morris, a meek-spirited, 
 good woman, I think, if there be any such. 
 
 In the evening visited two families, with several 
 other Friends, by appointment. 
 
 6th Day^ 2i^d. — Warm for the season, and show- 
 ery. Got out my trees, which have been housed all 
 winter, in order that they may be refreshed with the 
 rain. I likewise uncovered my grape vines. 
 
 13* 
 
142 l3^ nio- 24th, 
 
 jth Day^ i^th. — Our Spring Meeting begins to- 
 day, but it must be with difficulty country Friends get 
 to town, the roads are so miry. A wet day. 
 
 1st Day^ 2$th. — The public service of this day 
 was, I hope, truly edifying unto many. Had the sat- 
 isfaction of some of our Friends' company. 
 
 2d Day^ 26th, — A cool, uncomfortable day, both 
 damp and wet, which affects my poor weak frame. 
 Several of our family were also affected with colds. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2']th. — It cleared away fine and pleasant. 
 Spring Meeting now concludes. Samuel Emlen and 
 Sarah Harrison set at liberty to proceed on their re- 
 ligious visit to Europe; John Pemberton don't go yet. 
 Our European Friends had certificates for their return 
 to their native country. A good deal taken up with 
 worldly concerns. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2%th. — The warmest day we have had 
 this Spring, which made the buds shoot fast. The first 
 day that I have noticed the martins. Got up some 
 of our vines. 
 
 Mother Hopkins and several young people came 
 to visit us. Was poorly in the evening, with my sick 
 headache. 
 
 My mind was solidly impressed with the uncer- 
 tainty of our time here in this world, and the great 
 importance of a preparation for a state of everlasting 
 fixidness. May I properly improve the few remain- 
 ing days of my allotted span, so that I may, through 
 Infinite Goodness and Mercy, finish well when the 
 end comes, is my sincere labour and prayer to the 
 God of mv life. 
 
1792.] H3 
 
 ^th Day^ 2()th. — 6th Day^ i^oth. — Much engaged 
 about earthly things, and as 1 apprehended, necessarily 
 so. However, I am persuaded that too great diU. abun- 
 dance is an entanglement in our progress towards the 
 Holy City ; and tho' we who have families cannot 
 shake off such engagements altogether, let us endea- 
 vour to keep them as much under rule as possible. 
 
 ']th Day^ Z^^i' — Poorly in health; — something of 
 a fever and humour in my head and face, attended 
 with a pain in my bones. 
 
 \st Day^ 1st of Fourth month. — At Meeting thrice, 
 being a little better. 
 
 2d Day., id. — My head and hands full of worldly 
 cares. How do I desire ardently, to keep the great 
 point steadily in view, and all outward things subser- 
 vient thereto. 
 
 3<^ Day., yl. — Adjournment of the Monthly 
 Meeting. 
 
 When I came home was acquainted with an un- 
 pleasant occurrence, by the bursting of a well near 
 one I was causing to be dug, by which one of the 
 workmen was in danger of his life. These things 
 sometimes will happen to those concerned in building. 
 
 \th Day., \th. — Taken up endeavouring to rem- 
 edy the cross occurrence which happened yesterday 
 in our well, which, with much exercise and difficulty, 
 we accomplished. We are in hopes, tho' the pros- 
 pect at first was gloomy, and judged by some to be 
 past remedy, that it may eventually be no great det- 
 riment. 
 
 ^th Day., ^th. — Had a blister put upon mv back, 
 for a complaint in my ear. 
 
144 t^^^ ^^' ^^^' 
 
 6th Day^ 6th. — The blister, according to present 
 appearances, has had a good effect. However, was a 
 good deal indisposed, and kept house altogether. 
 
 ph Day^ -jth. — Poorly in the morning, but better 
 in the after part of the day. Planted a couple more 
 new vines from Slaughter's Garden, which I believe 
 to be of a good kind. 
 
 Afternoon attended the burial of Robert Hudson, 
 a young man about 30, who had been wild and ex- 
 travagant in his conduct. Yet some, who visited him 
 on his sick-bed, were led to hope favour and mercy 
 were extended, through unfeigned repentance. 
 
 i^^ Day., Sth. — About the first week in this 
 month the day breaks about 5 o'clock, and the even- 
 ing shuts in about 7. My daily practice of rising 
 early, gives me occasion to make this observation. 
 The mornings and evenings, however, are cool, tho' 
 the noon is warm and pleasant. 
 
 My orange trees a good deal pinched, but I allow 
 I set them out too soon. In general, the middle of 
 the Fourth month is quite early enough. 
 
 2d Day^ gth. — Went on with our building, and 
 also some repairs which I have in hand. It is a fine 
 thing to do things in proper season. 
 
 3^ Day., lOth. — At the adjournment of Monthly 
 Meeting, William Savery proposed his concern to go 
 to Virginia, and Thomas Scattergood to Carolina and 
 probably Georgia. Was much distressed with the un- 
 easiness of my blister, now healing, which occasioned 
 me to sitthislong Meeting with much difficulty. How- 
 ever, in the afternoon I pushed out again, and walked 
 nearly to Schuylkill, after some stone for my building. 
 
1792.] H5 
 
 ^th Day^ nth. — A poor night, and also an un- 
 easy day with my blister. I find it a sore thing from 
 first to last ; but yet it seems to have removed, in a 
 great measure, the complaint in my ear, and perhaps 
 may help my headache. A wet day. 
 
 ^th Day.^ 11th. — At High Street Meeting, Amos 
 Gregg and Ann Maris married. George Dillwyn ap- 
 peared, also Lydia Starr, and both, I thought, to sat- 
 isfaction. 
 
 bth Day., i^th. — yth Day., \\th. — Having a diffi- 
 cult job in hand, I was much taken up in procuring 
 materials and contriving for the best. 
 
 1st Day^ i^th. — A remarkable day of favour at 
 each of the three Meetings. How much owest thou 
 unto thy Lord, was the query ; and it may be made 
 with as much truth in our day as formerly. 
 
 id Day., i6th. — As busy as well could be, and I 
 esteem it a great favour. My health is in good mea- 
 sure preserved, so as not to be disabled from attending 
 on the workmen. 
 
 3^ Day^ ly th. — Preparative Meeting, and a great 
 deal of business. Rainy in the afternoon, and warm. 
 
 ph Day., iSth. — Preserved in tolerable health, 
 which I account a great mercy. 
 
 ^th Day., i()th. — Employed as yesterday. Got 
 along peaceably, and to my satisfaction. It is by de- 
 grees, and through perseverance and patience, we can 
 accomplish any considerable undertaking. 
 
 bth Day., 20th. — Proved a rainy morning, which 
 drove us from our work. The spring has been gen- 
 erally unfavourable for building and brick-making. 
 Doubtless all is ordered in Unerring Wisdom — for. 
 
146 [4th mo. 2ist, 
 
 on other accounts, as to grass and vegetation, it is a 
 fine season. 
 
 On the produce of the ground man chiefly de- 
 pends for his subsistence — so 'tis our duty to be thank- 
 ful and contented with the various dispensations meted 
 out to us, dependent as we are upon Divine Bounty. 
 
 ph Day^ 2ist. — Wet and very wet, which in- 
 terrupts our progress. However, it will have its use 
 in the creation, and when the sun again dispenses its 
 genial heat and warmth, will bring forward the pro- 
 duce of the earth with redoubled force. 
 
 Better of my cold and other complaints. I have 
 been taking dandelion juice in the morning fasting — 
 and apply the bark, say Jesuit's bark, to the crown of 
 my head, which has been recommended for my com- 
 mon complaint. 
 
 Attended the burial of an Indian, (one of those 
 who came to this city some time ago,) called the Big 
 Tree. He was buried in Friends' ground, at the re- 
 quest of his companions, and many Friends were 
 present. 
 
 A discourse was made by their Missionary or 
 Minister in the Indian language, which, though I 
 could not understand, had something pleasing in it. 
 Our Friend George Dillwyn spoke afterwards, and 
 the funeral was conducted with solemnity. About 36 
 Indians followed the deceased, and their countenances 
 were remarkably solid and grave. A wet, dripping day. 
 
 1st Day^ lid. — Was favoured to be well enough 
 to be at three Meetings. 
 
 id Day^ 23^. — Fully employed about necessary 
 occasions. 
 
1792.] ' H7 
 
 3^ Day^ 2^th. — Monthly Meeting. Our Friends 
 W. Savery and Thomas Scattergood's certificates pre- 
 pared and signed — the first for Virginia — the latter 
 for Carolina. Did some writing to send abroad. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2^th. — Was about home most part of 
 the day, being cumbered about many things. O that 
 I may not forget or neglect the one thing only needful, 
 in a comparative sense, with all others. 
 
 ^th Day^ 26th, — A dull day, but I pressed through 
 to Meeting. 
 
 (yth Day^ i']th. — Went on with my temporal 
 matters pretty well. We have always something or 
 other to try our patience, but in the right sort of con- 
 fidence we possess our minds, and if our hearts are 
 upright, we are generally helped along, though at times 
 beset on every hand with difiiculties. 
 
 ']th Day^ i%th. — Mother Elliott on a visit at our 
 house for a {^^ days ; Sister Gray also with her. — 
 Dull and drizzly, but felt pretty well. Time makes 
 a steady progress, and whether we employ it well or 
 ill, we are accountable for its use or abuse. 
 
 How important is life ! — how awful is death ! It 
 one day on a sick-bed appears so invaluable, how ne- 
 cessary to put our talent or talents to usury ; that so, 
 on a final reckoning, we may not be amazed or con- 
 founded with the sentence of the slothful servant. 
 
 \st Day^ 2C)th. — ^A severe spell of the sick head- 
 ache, which confined me to the bed most of the day. 
 It was a cross not to be able to go to the Meeting — 
 but there was no remedy but patience and submission. 
 At morning Meeting William Savery, I am told, had 
 the public service, being about leaving us for a season. 
 
148 " [4th mo. 30th, 
 
 I hear Job Scott, an eminent Minister of Provi- 
 dence, New England, has laid his concern for Europe 
 before the Meeting he belongs to. It was what I 
 expected when in those parts last summer, and now 
 seems likely to take place, I trust, in due time. 
 
 2d Day^ '}pth. — Growing weather, tho' it is not 
 allowed to be a forward spring. Yet I hope we may- 
 be favoured with a good fruit year, as the blossoms 
 are abundant. However, we may yet have some frosty 
 mornings, which may disappoint our wishes. 
 
 '^d Day^ ist of Fifth month. — May Day — 2. high 
 day among the milk-maids in London, as 'tis said, when 
 they go about the streets with garlands of flowers. 
 
 The custom of setting up May Poles on this day 
 here, which has been annually practised for many 
 years past, seems much to decline-— hardly any to be 
 seen. Building, in most parts of the city goes on with 
 great spirit. 
 
 ^th Day^ id. — Markets high; and wood also: — 
 Oak, 225. 6d. a price not usual at this season. 
 
 ^th Day., 3^. — At Market or High Street Meet- 
 ing. Much taken up afterwards about various con- 
 cerns. 
 
 6th Day., ^.th. — Rainy, but found employment. 
 Mary Newport, deceased. 
 
 jth Day., 5//^. — A busy day. Almost overdid 
 the matter for I had a heavy fit of my headache, which 
 I have reason to think is frequently brought on by 
 over-fatigue. It continued bad through the night. I 
 may safely say I have been for 30 years a patient suf- 
 ferer by this trying complaint, and have never found 
 any application or medicine effectual for removing it. 
 
1792.] 149 
 
 therefore am compelled to submit to it as a part of the 
 portion of human evil dispensed to all the sons of Adam. 
 
 1st Day^ 6th. — At morning Meeting several sa- 
 vory testimonies were delivered ; also, a prayer or two. 
 
 2d Day^ 'jth. — Our Quarterly Meeting was held 
 (being the second time) in the North Meeting House, 
 to good satisfaction. 
 
 3^ Day.^ Sth. — Attended a Committee on the ser- 
 vice of the Quarterly Meeting; also, to some private 
 affairs, having several irons in the fire, and not will- 
 ing either of them should burn for want of care. 
 
 ^th Day^ Q)th. — Proceeded with our building to 
 satisfaction, the weather being fine and suitable for our 
 purpose. Bought 8 or 9 cords of hickory, at 25J. 
 which is counted low. 
 
 5//? J^ay^ loth. — To appearance, settled fine 
 weather. Another fit of my usual complaint. 
 
 6th Day^ nth. — A fine, fair morn. Nature, re- 
 joicing in the bounty of the Great Creator, now put- 
 ting on her gayest robes 5 the fields luxuriant; the 
 animal creation in vigour and high health — O, that 
 we may not abuse them — the generous horse partic- 
 ularly, the sportive lamb, the profitable cow, the use- 
 ful ox — all contribute to supply the wants and promote 
 the welfare of man, whose heart should expand with 
 love and gratitude to the bountiful and beneficent 
 Author of every blessing. 
 
 The warmest day this season ; no coming near 
 the fire with comfort. I pity the brick-layer's labour- 
 ers, panting among the lime-dust. 
 
 'Jth Day., 12th. — A busy day, with some inter- 
 ruptions. However, got along reasonably well. 
 
 14 
 
150 [5th mo. 13th, 
 
 1st Day^ 13^^- — At three Meetings, which were 
 mostly silent. The weather being very warm, has a 
 natural tendency to relax weak frames. Wrote a 
 letter in the evening to a friend. 
 
 2d Day^ i/\.ih. — Got forward with our business. 
 
 ^d Day^ 15^^. — A favoured Meeting, after which 
 the Preparative Meeting was held. 
 
 6^th Day^ i6th. — Wet. Got a wrench or strain 
 in the small of my back, which was painful and trou- 
 blesome. Bled, &c. Being ofF my legs, could do 
 but little. 
 
 ^th Day^ I'jth. — Could not attend Meeting. In 
 much pain ; towards evening a little relieved. Near 
 night. Mother Elliott and Sister Gray went home to 
 brother John's. 
 
 6th Day^ \%th. — Felt a little on the mending or- 
 der. We hear of the decease of our valued Friend 
 Samuel Neal, of Ireland, who 'tis said, deceased 27th 
 2d month last, of a mortification in his foot, about the 
 65th year of his age. 
 
 He, together with Susannah Lightfoot, appeared 
 in Public Testimony at our wedding, about 20 years 
 ago, being then on a religious visit to this country. 
 
 ']th Day^ ic)th. — Attempted too soon to exert my- 
 self, and so got worse of my strain, and was bad in- 
 deed — so that I could scarce move without crying out. 
 
 1st Day^ 10th. — Was on the bed most of the day, 
 and could scarce tell whether I mended or not. How- 
 ever, towards night I sat up a little, and a pretty good 
 night followed. 
 
 I find we must use endeavours to help ourselves 
 inwardly, as well as outwardly, and put our own shoul- 
 
1792.] 151 
 
 ders to the wheels, as well as call for assistance from 
 others, and then we may reasonably hope to get along 
 through the variety of ills attendant on our passage 
 through this lower stage of being. 
 
 Cousin Thomas Scattergood set off on his jour- 
 ney to Carolina and Georgia. 
 
 id Day^ 2ist. — Felt myself on the mending hand, 
 and very careful I was, not to interrupt nature in her 
 operations to restore strength to my poor frame. — 
 Walked about a little with a staff. Health is the 
 most precious of outward treasures. 
 
 3^ Day^ lid. — Our Monthly Meeting, but I was 
 an absentee, through necessity only, as it would have 
 been imprudent to have attempted to sit a Meeting in 
 my weak state. 
 
 \th Day^ 23^. — Still grew better, but slowly. — 
 Walked out to see how our workmen went on. Used 
 balsam of fir for my strain, which I believe to be a 
 beneficial medicine. 
 
 ^th Day^ i\th. — Clear and warm. 
 
 (^th Day^ 2^th. — Could not say I was well, tho' 
 much better upon the whole. Was favoured to con- 
 clude these twenty-four hours to satisfaction. 
 
 jth Day^ ibth. — Employed as usual. A time to 
 labour, and a time to reap the harvest which it is wont 
 to produce. May the blessing from above be added, 
 else all is vanity. 
 
 \st Day^ I'jth. — Calm and serene — a sweet day of 
 rest. 
 
 2d Day^ 2^th. — Felt bravely in health, for which 
 I desire to be thankful to the Great Author of every 
 blessing. 
 
152 [5th mo. 29th, 
 
 Several sudden deaths about this time — among 
 others, Mary Garrigues, was at Meeting one day and 
 died before another dawned ; an awful instance of the 
 uncertainty of time. 
 
 A man sank down and died as he was attending 
 in his shop, and another in the same neighbourhood, 
 after a few hours ilhiess. John Gravenstine, a stout 
 man, to appearance Hkely to live many years, taken 
 ofF very suddenly. 
 
 So the messenger is commissioned to go from 
 house to house to fulfil the decree of the Highest. — 
 Let us stand in awe, and not sin, for we know not 
 the day nor hour when we may be summoned to a 
 fixed and unalterable state. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2(^th. — At Week-day Meeting, Samuel 
 Noble and Elizabeth Tomkins entered into marriage 
 covenant. The Adjournment of the Monthly Meet- 
 ing was afterwards held, and the business finished. 
 Performed a little service for the cause's sake, which 
 afforded satisfaction to my mind. 
 
 Was out on business the after part of the day, 
 and felt in a good degree comfortable as to my health. 
 My weak frame seems to feel full as well in warm as 
 in cold weather; life being supported by heat and 
 warmth may be the fundamental reason. 
 
 The creation now in its vigour since the nights be- 
 came warm. A noble appearance of crops on the ground. 
 \th Day^ ifith. — This was a general cleaning and 
 white-washing day, consequently our house was turned 
 upside down, as the saying is. The women part of 
 the family were weary enough by bed-time, and, in- 
 deed, I did not need a cradle myself. 
 
1792.] ^53 
 
 ^th Da}\ 2,^st. — Rose before the sun, as I have 
 for many days past, and with my dear Caleb did some 
 work in the yard in the cool part of the morning, that 
 being best for such sort of business, especially for those 
 who are not much inured to labour, for when the sun 
 approaches the meridian it beats us ofF. 
 
 I went to Meeting, and afterwards performed 
 some errands. This proved a very warm day. 
 
 In the evening my dear Johnny returned from a 
 little journey to Crosswick's Quarterly Meeting. He 
 was well-pleased with his ride. I felt thankful for his 
 safety aud preservation to the Great Preserver. 
 
 The thermometer rose to 90 degrees the latter 
 part of this day. 
 
 6th Day^ ist of Sixth month. — Cloudy, sultry and 
 close. The evening produced a fine shower, which 
 greatly refreshed the face of nature. 
 
 Thomas Shute deceased, a poor distressed object, 
 who had for many years been conversant in the school 
 of affliction. He was buried from our neighbour Rob- 
 inson's being his wife's brother. 
 
 Got along with my outward concerns, step by step. 
 Exertion on our part is indispensably necessary, or we 
 cannot expect to attain the desired end. 
 
 ph Day.^ id. — About 4 o'clock there was a fine 
 soaking shower, which was an addition to the blessing 
 of last night. 
 
 The creation may be said to be now in its fullest 
 vigour — everything thriving and pressing towards per- 
 fection. 
 
 May we imitate the progress of nature, in a spir- 
 itual sense, and endeavour to attain the end, the great 
 
 14* 
 
154 [^^h mo. 3d, 
 
 end, set before the children of men, that is, to finish 
 well, and close the scene of life peacefully, that so 
 death may not have a sting, nor the grave a victory. 
 
 Attended the remains of T. Shute to the place 
 appointed for all the living. 
 
 Last ni^ht our neighbour Roe took a final leave 
 of earth. She was advanced beyond the middle stage 
 of life, had borne. a number of children, and been an 
 industrious, careful woman. But many secret sor- 
 rows were mingled in her cup, and towards her close 
 she was pressed beyond the powers of nature, so that 
 reason failed, and she groaned out the remains of life 
 to appearance in great agony. 
 
 Yet this consolation remains for the upright in 
 heart, that the Lord seeth not as man seeth ; — He 
 knoweth all things, and will reward or punish ac- 
 cordingly. 
 
 I hope her departed spirit may find acceptance, 
 trusting that, according to the testimony of Holy 
 Writ, she was one of those who had done what she 
 could, 
 
 1st Day^ 3^. — A dull, warm, growing morning. 
 The creation now in her glory, all vigorous and gay, 
 the sap flowing with uninterrupted force. Fruit and 
 flowers, grain and grass, all spontaneously forming 
 under nature's hand — how or wherefore we know not. 
 But thus much we do know of a certainty, that there 
 must, without any doubt, be a great and supremely 
 powerful First Cause. To Him, then, let us bend the 
 knee of our minds in humble adoration, and render 
 Him the just praise of all His works, which abound 
 with wonder, mystery, and astonishing magnificence. 
 
1792.] 155 
 
 Whether we contemplate Him in the lowest or 
 highest order of His visible creation — either in the 
 depths of the earth, or the heights of heaven, (the 
 Planetary System, as it is sometimes termed) — all His 
 works exhibit just ground for wonder. How mani- 
 fold ! how grand ! how strikingly gracious and boun- 
 tiful ! 
 
 Let us, therefore, adore Him, both with tongue 
 
 and heart, as God over all, supremely worthy of power 
 
 and majesty, infinite and unutterable, and let us, with 
 
 the royal Psalmist, say — "G/l'<? unto the Lord^ O ye 
 
 mighty., give unto the Lord glory and strength !^^ ^^Give 
 
 unto the Lord the glojy due unto his narne.^^ '^''Worship 
 
 the Lord in the beauty of holiness.''^ 
 
 Attended the funeral of our neighbour Roe in the 
 
 evening, after which went to see a friend or two, and 
 
 so returned home with my dear wife, and retired to 
 
 rest. 
 
 id Day^ ^th. — As the days are now nearly at the 
 
 longest, at about 4 we have light sufficient for almost 
 
 any business, and pleasant it is to enjoy the fragrance 
 
 of the morning dawn, mixed with the sweet gales of 
 
 odoriferous flowers that perfume the breath of nature 
 
 at this high period of her strength. 
 
 3<^ Day.^ ^th. — A favoured Meeting. John Evans 
 
 and Rachel Ridgway married. Very warm day, so as 
 
 to be, some part of it, quite oppressive. 
 
 /ifth Day.^ 6th. — Close and sultry ; rain in the af- 
 ternoon. Felt pretty well and comfortable. Exer- 
 cised myself in dressing my vines, and some other 
 little matters. My vines flourish, and look promis- 
 ing. 
 
J r5 [6th mo. 7th, 
 
 ^th Da}\, -jth. — Meeting at High Street. Felt 
 low, but composed in mind — viewing human life but 
 as a passing cloud, and everything on this visible the- 
 atre terminating with a rapid progress as to those who 
 live and exist at the present moment. 
 
 We hear of the assassination of the King of Swe- 
 den, one of his officers having shot five balls into his 
 bowels. The Grand Sultan also was in danger of 
 losino- his life, by an attempt made upon him at a 
 public assembly. Royalty itself, we experience, is 
 not exempt from calamity, and the long black roll of 
 human woes. 
 
 The blacks and mulattoes on the island of His- 
 spainola, at least on the French side of the island, have 
 made a revolt from their old task-masters — having 
 armed themselves, and being filled with indignation 
 and despair, are carrying fire and sword through the 
 diff'erent settlements, in order to recover that personal 
 liberty which, unquestionably, was intended by the 
 Great Author of Nature as a right unalienable to the 
 human species. 
 
 It is not, I think, unworthy of remark, that about 
 300 years ago, Columbus first discovered the island of 
 Hispainola, where the insurrection has taken place, 
 and by the power of the Spanish arms, subdued the 
 natives by devastation and slaughter. Now, in the Di- 
 vine ordering of events, may perhaps be permitted the 
 restoration of freedom to this oppressed part of man- 
 kind, and, if the Lord's good time is arrived, 'tis pos- 
 sible with Him to break the bonds of those who have 
 for many years been held in grievous bondage and cap- 
 tivity, under worse than Egyptian task-masters. 
 
1792.] ^57 
 
 6th Da}\ Sth. — Found enough to keep myself full 
 of employment through this day. 
 
 jth Day^ ()th. — Our workmen have got to the 
 top stone, so we made them welcome, in the evening, 
 to a small repast. 
 
 1st Day^ loth. — Attended two Meetings. The 
 evening wet, so I kept house, not being very well. 
 
 '2d Day^ nth. — 3^ Day., 12th. — Usual engage- 
 ments, but did not forget Meeting. 
 
 4.th Day, i^th. — 5//; Day, i^th. — My hands, as 
 well as head, much employed, besides a good deal of 
 
 company. 
 
 6th Day, i^th. — By mercy we stand, if, having 
 done all that is required, we do stand; therefore, not 
 any merit in us, but free grace alone. 
 
 'Jth Day, 16th. — Many avocations occurred, but 
 got through with some degree of satisfaction. 
 
 1st Day, i-jth. — Attended IVIeetings as usual. 
 
 2d Day, i^th. — 3^ Day, igth. — These two days 
 I was much taken up adjusting my little concerns and 
 preparing for a journey with my dear wife and son 
 Caleb to New York and Long Island. 
 
 /\.th Day, 20th. — To-day we left Philadelphia 
 
 about six in the evening, and after a pleasant run 
 
 over Delaware, proceeded seven miles to Haddon- 
 
 field. 
 
 At Haddon field I married my first wife, Sarah 
 
 Hopkins, daughter of Ebenezer and Sarah Hopkins, 
 
 with whom I lived about two years and four months, 
 
 when she deceased of a nervous fever, after about two 
 
 weeks illness, 9th month 12th, 1769, in the 2Tst year 
 
 of her age. 
 
158 [6th mo. 2ist, 
 
 Our little daughter Mary, then about 18 months 
 old, lived 'til her ninth year, and died at Philadelphia, 
 19th ist month, 1777, of the small pox; a very ami- 
 able child, both as to person and temper. 
 
 Of her mother, I may also mention that she was 
 a virtuous, discreet, meek-spirited woman, and 1 had 
 a prospect of much comfort and satisfaction in our 
 union. But He who orders all things in unerring 
 wisdom, permitted it not to be of long duration — in 
 whose appointments I wish ever to be resigned, as 
 much as human frailty will permit. 
 
 This was a heavy stroke to me, and was the 
 means of my return to my native city in about six 
 months, with mv little daughter. 
 
 On the i6th of 4th month, 1772, I formed an- 
 other connection with my present much-beloved com- 
 panion, with whom I have now continued 20 years. 
 
 Though we have had a large portion of the trials 
 and afflictions attendant upon human life, we may, 
 with great thankfulness and gratitude, acknowledge 
 that hitherto we have been helped in a remarkable 
 manner under and over our various difficulties, which 
 excites to humble confidence in the Great Preserver 
 of men. 
 
 We desire to walk before Him in His holy fear, 
 and with dedication of heart to His service, which is 
 the alone safe and peaceful state we can attain to in 
 this world. 
 
 At Haddoniield we lodged at Mother Hopkins', 
 and were kindly entertained two nights. 
 
 ^th Day^ 21st. — Was at Haddonfield Week-day 
 Meeting, v/here I had not been for several years be- 
 
fore, though I always thought it a pleasant place. Af- 
 ternoon went over to my brother-in-law John Hop- 
 kins, and spent the afternoon agreeably in his family. 
 Had a fine shower of rain in the evening; however, 
 we got home to our lodgings without much inconve- 
 nience. 
 
 ()th Day^ 22d. — Rose early this morning, with a 
 view of being upon the road by sunrise, as the pleas- 
 antest time of travelling at this season, but as it proved 
 a very foggy, damp morning, considering we were 
 none of us very stout, so concluded to stay at our 
 quarters 'til after breakfast, when we got under way, 
 and going through Moorestown, it became very warm 
 after the sun broke out. 
 
 Towards noon we reached Mount Holly, a little 
 tired with our warm ride. After dining at Rosell's 
 Tavern, went in to see our kind friend Elizabeth Hat- 
 kinson, who invited us to lodge there, which was ac- 
 ceptable, as we had reason to believe our accommo- 
 dation at the inn would be but indifferent. 
 
 Caleb went, after dinner, to the top of the great 
 hill near the town, called the Mount, from which, to- 
 gether with the holly ground adjoining — ^where the 
 buildings principally stand, the town derives its name. 
 From the top of this mount a noble prospect opens to 
 view, and 'tis said, when the air is clear our city 
 steeples may be discerned. He also went to view 
 the mills and water works, which are worth seeing. 
 
 'jth Day^ 23^. — ^Rain in the fore part of the day 
 induced us to stay 'til afternoon. About 5 we setoff 
 for Burlington, a sloppy ride of 7 miles, where we 
 arrived in pretty good time in the evening, and after 
 
i6o [6th mo. 24th, 
 
 seeing our horses well taken care of at the tavern, took 
 up our quarters for the night at E. and M. Barker's. 
 
 1st Day^ i\th. — Attended Burlington Meeting, 
 forenoon and afternoon. Lydia Hoskins and George 
 Dillwyn exercised their gifts in the Ministry. 
 
 Drank tea at John Cox's; viewed Sucky Dill- 
 wyn's silk-worms. In the evening called in at several 
 friends' houses, and then retired to rest. 
 
 7.d Day^ 2^th. — Rose early, with an intention of 
 taking a morning ride to our old neighbour John Law- 
 rence's place, but were disappointed by the rain coming 
 on, which continued without intermission most of 
 the morning. 
 
 After dinner it cleared away, and we pursued our 
 intention of going to John Lawrence's place, and called 
 in by the way at our friend John Cox's, who was 
 with us. Afterwards returned to Burlington, and 
 drank tea at William Smith's, with divers Burling- 
 ton friends. 
 
 ^d Da)\ 26th. — Set off after breakfast for Cross- 
 wick's, and got to John Wright's about noon, where 
 we dined, and so proceeded towards Stony Brook. 
 
 In the evening reached Benjamin Clark's, and 
 were comfortably accommodated there that night — 
 he having a good settlement, and plenty both for man 
 and horse. 26 miles. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2'jth. — Were on the way about 7, pas- 
 sing by Stony Brook Meeting House. Then through 
 Princeton, where the New Jersey College makes a 
 spacious show, being three stories high, with about 
 25 windows in each. We proceeded through Kings- 
 town, (almost gone to decay,) over Rocky Hill, re- 
 
1792.] i6i 
 
 freshing ourselves and horses at Slover's Tav^ern. We 
 arrived at Brunswick towards noon. 
 
 This town stands upon the bank of the Raritan, 
 60 miles from our city, and being so nearly central 
 between that and New York, is fast improving. — 
 Dined at Drake's Tavern, and then went forward 15 
 miles to Rahway, where we were kindly received by 
 our friend Hugh Davids. 
 
 This day's 35 miles ride has been very pleasant, 
 over a champaign country, under high cultivation, and 
 the land in general productive. At one place we had 
 a prospect of the ocean (near Amboy), which was 
 pleasing to my son, who had never seen the sea be- 
 fore. Our horses performed well, and we were not 
 much fatio;ued. 
 
 ^th Day^ iSth. — Rested well this night, as trav- 
 ellers mostly do, when they have good beds and are 
 in health. Attended the Week-day Meeting at Rah- 
 way. Afterwards dined at our lodging, and took tea 
 at John Shotwell's, after which called in to see seve- 
 ral friends, and so went home to our quarters. 
 
 6th Da\\ 2C)th. — Spent this dav agreeably with 
 our friends. In the afternoon went over to tea at 
 James Cox's, who is partner with H. Davids in the 
 tannins; business. 
 
 'jth Day^ i^oth. — Being bound for New York to- 
 day, we were stirring betimes, and on the road about 
 5, having a delightful morning ride to Elizabeth- 
 town, and so to the Point, as it is called, where we 
 embarked. 
 
 After a line run of about three hours, reached 
 New York about 11, and were cordially received by 
 
 15 
 
i62 [yth mo. 1st, 
 
 our kind friend Benjamin Haviland and family, where 
 we intended to quarter. 
 
 The distance across the Bay from Elizabethtown 
 Point to New York is about 15 miles, on which we 
 have a variety of water prospects, which were new 
 and pleasing to my son, now about 17, in the bloom 
 of life, and favoured with health and good natural 
 faculties, improved (may be I may say,) by a careful 
 education. 
 
 O may he, in his future stepping through the dan- 
 gerous wilderness of this world, prefer those things 
 which are durable, even the Divine blessing, which 
 maketh truly rich, above all other considerations, la- 
 bouring earnestly to preserve a conscience void of 
 offence, both towards his Maker, and those whom he 
 must necessarily have converse with in his progress 
 through life ; steadily eyeing the pointings of Truth 
 in his own breast, so may his best interests be pre- 
 served and his end peaceful. 
 
 1st Day J 1st of Seventh month. — Attended Meeting 
 at New York. Our Friend Richard Titus appeared 
 in Testimony. Dined at our lodgings. 
 
 During the afternoon Meeting a tornado arose, 
 which was very awful and alarming, and occasioned 
 the loss of a number of lives on the water — several 
 small vessels being overset. 
 
 2d Day^ 2d. — Newspaper mentions that between 
 20 and 30 persons were drowned near New York by 
 the storm yesterday. We likewise understand that it 
 extended a considerable distance southward. Our son 
 Caleb rode out a few miles on York Island. Dined at 
 James Parsons, and drank tea at William Shotwell's. 
 
1792.] 163 
 
 '^d Day^ 3<^. — Walked out to see the town and 
 markets. Fish is to be had here in great perfection. 
 Oysters and lobsters also; but I think as to butcher's 
 meat, Philadelphia exceeds. Dined at Thomas Dob- 
 son's, and drank tea at Thomas Pearsall's. 
 
 4//; Day^ ^th. — A rainy morning. Attended their 
 Week-day Meeting, where Isaac Underbill appeared. 
 Dined at John Haydock's. Received some agreea- 
 ble accounts from home. 
 
 By our dear Johnny's letter we are informed that 
 the storm last First-day was as furious at our city as 
 here, and blew down several chimneys, &c. 
 
 Tea at Henry Haydock's. Got our horses over 
 the ferry, intending a little excursion on Long Island 
 to-morrow. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^th. — Crossed over the East river about 
 8 in the morning, having our kind friends B. Haviland 
 and Elizabeth Haydock in company, and began our 
 little tour on Long Island. 
 
 Passed by Jamaica, and so to Flushing, and near 
 John Bowne's house saw the two large oak trees, un- 
 der which George Fox preached to the people about 
 the year 1672 or 3. They are nearly of one size, stand 
 near together, and both look in a vigorous state, and I 
 doubt not but they may continue many years to come. 
 
 About noon we reached Walter Farrington's, at 
 Flushing, where we dined. In the afternoon went 
 to see the entrance into the little harbour, and a large 
 garden and nurserv belonging to William Prince, which 
 we were informed contained about 8 acres. 
 
 The Meeting House stands opposite to our lodg- 
 ings, where the Yearly Meeting was formerly held; 
 
164 [yth ^^' ^^^> 
 
 but the House being damaged in the time of the Civil 
 War, it is now held at Westbury. 
 
 6th Da)., 6th. — Set off about 7 in the morning, 
 and rode down to the sea-shore at a place called Rock- 
 away. Had an open view of the ocean, which hap- 
 pened to be very calm. 
 
 We saw some bones of a whale which came 
 ashore a year or two ago at that place, and was killed ; 
 also, the remains of two vessels which were wrecked 
 in a storm. 
 
 Dined at Hicks' Tavern, when we proceeded to- 
 wards Westbury, and crossed part of Hempsted Plains, 
 and reached William Titus' in seasonable time in the 
 evening, having ridden 36 miles to-day, the roads be- 
 ing very good and the prospects pleasant. 
 
 'jth Day^ ph. — A fine morning. After dinner 
 rode through Jericho to Edmund Willis' where we 
 lodged. His house stands so high that 'tis said ships 
 at sea mav be seen when the air is clear. 
 
 1st Day., Sth. — After breakfast we left Edmund 
 Willis' and went to Westbury Meeting, where a Friend 
 I did not know appeared in Testimony to satisfaction. 
 
 Dined at William Titus' md afterwards went 
 over to Thomas Seaman's, whose house was built A. 
 D. 1688. He is a venerable old man, about four- 
 score, and tho' blind, or nearly so, walks to Meetings 
 as they fall in course, without difficulty. 
 
 id Day., C)th. — Intended for New York this morn- 
 ing, but were prevented from setting off by rain. — 
 However, it cleared away about noon, and we got 
 under way. We again rode over a part of the Plains 
 by Hempsted Court House, so to Jamaica, where we 
 
1792.] i65 
 
 baited. Then went on for New York, where we ar- 
 rived in good time in the evening. 
 
 We had a very pleasant ride of four days on the 
 Island, though I was a good deal afflicted with the 
 headache. 
 
 "^d Day^ lOth. — Made a little excursion about the 
 town. Dined at our lodgings, and drank tea at Ann 
 King's. 
 
 \th Day^ nth. — Had further advices from home 
 by our son Johnny. Dined at Thomas Mackeniss' 
 and spent the afternoon at John Murray's. Then 
 called in at William Shotwell's, and several other 
 places. 
 
 After we returned to our quarters several friends 
 kindly called to take their leave of us, we intending 
 to set off homeward to-morrow. My son Caleb went 
 into the salt-water bath, which is reckoned salutary 
 at this season. 
 
 ^th Day^ iith. — After a comfortable night, rose 
 early, and having ordered our horses, and taken our 
 leave of our friends, in company with two of them, 
 we crossed the North river to the Jersey shore, and 
 passed through a little town called Bergen. 
 
 Then over Hackensack and Passaic rivers, through 
 Newark, the most considerable town hereaway. 
 
 About three or four miles of this road we were 
 sadly beset with the green-headed fly, which disturbed 
 our horses exceedingly. 
 
 Baited at Elizabethtown, and so pursued our road 
 to Rah way (21 miles,) where we arrived about noon, 
 and took up our quarters at our friend Joseph Shot- 
 well's. 
 
 15* 
 
i66 [yth mo. 13th, 
 
 6th Day^ iT^th. — Dined at Hugh David's. Af- 
 terwards paid a short visit at Henry Shotwell's and 
 Isaac Martin's. 
 
 'jth Day^ i/\.th. — After an early breakfast, left 
 Rahway, Hugh Davids bearing us company a few 
 miles. At Brunswick, 15 miles, we took a second 
 breakfast. 
 
 Dined at Slover's Tavern, and, passing through 
 Kingstown and Princeton, reached Robert White's at 
 Stony Brook in the evening, and were kindly wel- 
 comed. 35 miles this day. 
 
 1st Day^ \^th. — Attended Stony Brook Meeting. 
 Afterwards returned to our lodging, near which the 
 battle of Princeton, as it is called in history, during 
 the civil war between Great Britain and America hap- 
 pened. Here General Mercer, Anthony Morris and 
 many others fell. We were shown the hole where 
 divers of them were interred. 
 
 Our kind landlord has had his wrist, two ribs, 
 thigh and leg broken — all of his left side — and yet he 
 remains an industrious man at the anvil, being a black- 
 smith. 
 
 id Day^ i6th. — Set out f^-om Robert White's 
 pretty early, and rode to Trenton, where we baited, 
 and crossed Delaware. 
 
 We proceeded through Bristol to Thomas Stap- 
 ler's, where we arrived a little after noon, a good deal 
 fatigued. Here we were kindly received, and con- 
 cluded to stay 'til next day. 
 
 2d Day^ I'jth. — A wet morning, which prevented 
 our setting off early. However, as it broke away 
 about noon, we took the road, and reached our habi- 
 
I792-] ^^7 
 
 tation in good time. We have been favoured with 
 an agreeable journey of about 27 days, without meet- 
 ing with any material cross occurrence, for which we 
 were thankful to the Great Preserver, whose providen- 
 tial support we had experienced in this little journey 
 throughout. 
 
 ^th Day^ iSth. — 5^/> Day^ igth. — 6th Day^ 20th. 
 — 'jth Day^ 21st. — Found various employment in ad- 
 justing my domestic concerns, which I do not find 
 have suffered by my absence. 
 
 jst Day^ 22d. — Was poorly part of the day, but 
 attended two Meetings. 
 
 2d Day^ 23^. — Summoned on a jury, but did go. 
 Expect to be fined. Afternoon was much employed ; 
 I hope not unprofitably. 
 
 Wet weather and growing. Doubtless advan- 
 tageous for the cultivators of the soil, whose comfort 
 and happiness as to outward things very much .depend 
 on its produce and increase, and indeed of us also who 
 are citizens, as our interests in some respects are in- 
 timately blended together. . 
 
 3^ Day^ 2\th. — A wet morning. Found em- 
 ployment about my building. Attended Monthly 
 Meeting, which was weighty and satisfactory. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2^th. — Poorly, with my usual complaint, 
 but kept about with some difficulty. 
 
 K^th Day^ 26th. — Much engaged through the day, 
 looking after my workmen. 
 
 6th Day^ 2']th. — Taken up as yesterday, and was 
 favoured to get through some difficulties by persever- 
 ance and industry. 
 
1 68 [7th mo. 28th, 
 
 ph Day^ iSth. — A busy day in various respects. 
 Was thankful that my health was preserved through 
 it all. Wet towards evening. 
 
 1st Day^ ic)th. — Attended morning and afternoon 
 Meetings. Evening wrote a letter to one of our kind 
 friends at New York. 
 
 2d Day^ '^oth. — Had a variety of concerns on 
 hand, which kept me mostly on the move through 
 the day. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2,1st. — Adjournment of Montly Meet- 
 ing, which concluded at two sittings. Our Friend 
 John Simpson had a marvellous time. He appears 
 strong in the best sense, though with truth it may be 
 said has, as it were, been raised from the stones of the 
 street. 
 
 He has lately been twelve months on a religious 
 errand to the Carolinas and Georgia. 
 
 Our aged Mother Elliott came to pass a few days 
 with us; also Sister Gray. 
 
 ^th Day^ ist of Eighth month. — Some encumber- 
 ing affairs kept me busy, but by perseverance and in- 
 dustry (which sometimes accomplish great things,) 
 I got along. 
 
 Captain Needham, from Salem, New England, 
 arrived. Our little friend Alice did not come as ex- 
 pected. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2d. — At High Street House, our Friend 
 John Simpson was truly eminent. His subject, love 
 and unity. What better theme could behave spoken 
 upon ? 
 
 Brother Samuel Elliott, and his daughter Anna- 
 bella, came to town from Maryland, and lodge with us. 
 
1792.] 1^9 
 
 6th Day^ 3^. — Taken up with worldly matters. 
 Six or eight friends dined with us. Weather fine for 
 the season. 
 
 'jth Day^ \th. — Much engaged in the muck of 
 the earth. I have sometimes, yea, often, thought it 
 was well that the law or custom of the land appropri- 
 ated one day in seven to rest and religious purposes, 
 that so mankind, as well as the lower orders of crea- 
 tion, might renew their strength by a necessary relax- 
 ation from labour. 
 
 \st Day^ ^th. — Attended two Meetings. In the 
 evening wrote a letter to a kind friend at Nantucket. 
 
 2d Day^ 6th. — Quarterly Meeting, where I sat 
 six hours or more, and found mv weak frame much 
 worn down. Was glad I had a house to entertain my 
 friends. 
 
 3^ Day^ "jth. — Youth's Meeting, but found my- 
 self excused from being there, as I had been at a com- 
 mittee from 8 to 10. 
 
 \th Day^ Stb. — Many engagements on hand, 
 which fatigued me much, weather being warm. 
 
 Sth Day^ gth. — Employed as yesterday. The 
 sun truly powerful. This may be called hot indeed. 
 
 6th Day, lOth. — Heat continues by far the most 
 intense 1 think this summer. I pity the poor labour- 
 ers employed among the lime, &c. We hear of sev- 
 eral sudden deaths. 
 
 'Jth Day, nth. — The third extremely hot day this 
 spell, so that I could do but little. 
 
 1st Day, i2th. — At morning Meeting, William 
 Savery and George Dillwyn appeared. What a favour 
 it is to be preserved in tolerable health at such a sea- 
 
170 [8th mo. 13th, 
 
 son, when the sun seems to pour his hottest rays upon 
 the ball of our earth. 
 
 2d Day^ 13^^- — Still preserved in health and spi- 
 rits, so as to proceed in conducting my outward affairs 
 towards the desired end. 
 
 O that I may not lose sight or be slack in the 
 most important of all concerns, as we know not the 
 day or hour when the awful summons may be sent to 
 our habitations. 
 
 3^ Day^ i^th. — At Week-day Meeting, which 
 was a favoured time, G. D. and W. S. both appear- 
 ing in Testimony. Went home in a shower of rain. 
 
 Dined, with my dear wife and children, at bro- 
 ther John's, with Brother Samuel Elliott. Afternoon 
 to see a friend or two, who were indisposed. 
 
 ^th Day^ 15^^- — Engaged about the odds and 
 ends, gathering up the fragments. Johnny went to 
 Stony Brook, with Ebenezer Cresson. 
 
 ^th Day^ i6th. — A beautiful, fine morning. Rose 
 before the sun, and was ready at all points for my 
 workmen. Nothing like taking time by the forelock, 
 according to the common saying. 
 
 ()th Day^ I'jth. — Very busy. O that I may not 
 omit a proper attention to the most important of all 
 business. 
 
 'jth Day^ iSth. — Warm, very warm, and relaxing 
 to weak habits like mine. 
 
 1st Day^ i()th. — Thrice at Meeting. Am not 
 easy to omit them when in tolerable health, as we 
 know not when we may be called away. 
 
 Many sudden removals happening about this time. 
 Benjamin Penington was one of them, who I hope 
 
179--] ^7^ 
 
 through infinite mercy is centered in peace, his cup of 
 suffering for misspent time in his latter moments be- 
 ing very great. 
 
 O that the youth may prize their precious time, 
 and in the morning of their days give up their names 
 to the service of their Maker. 
 
 2d Day\, 20th. — 3^ X)^)', 2ist. — Much fatigued 
 with worldly cares and concerns. My children prob- 
 ably will have but little idea of the solicitudes I have 
 passed through for their ease and benefit, both as to 
 things outward and inward. 
 
 ^th Day.^ 22d. — Had the headache in the evening, 
 and retired to bed early. 
 
 ^th Day., 2^d. — Had a sore night with my disor- 
 der. Did not attend Meeting, being too poorly. — 
 Pleasant, moderate weather. 
 
 6th Day., 2\th. — Rain in the morning; very ac- 
 ceptable to the languishing creation. Afternoon va- 
 riously employed. 
 
 'jth Day^ ^'^th. — More rain in the night, which 
 was an addition to yesterday's blessing. Was not 
 idle this day, and felt a good deal worn down when 
 night came. My son Johnny went in the stage-boat 
 to Burlington Quarterly Meeting. 
 
 \st Day., 26th. — Weather very agreeable. At- 
 tended three Meetings, but found in the evening I had 
 made too free with the cool air, tho' pleasant, having 
 a hard fit of pain in my face which held me the great- 
 est part of the night. 
 
 2d Day., 2ph. — Towards morning the pain grew 
 easier, so I rose with or before the great luminary, 
 and did what I could through the day. Evening cool, 
 
172 [8th mo. 28th, 
 
 which made me careful I did not expose myself un- 
 necessarily. 
 
 3^ Day^ ^%th.—Owx Monthly Meeting, which con- 
 cluded at one sitting, an uncommon thing of later years. 
 
 \th Day^ 2()th. — Rose early, and did a good deal 
 of what I call business, in my private way. I find 
 labour, in a moderate degree, truly useful to my health 
 and mental powers. 
 
 Yet I know a care is necessary that it be not ex- 
 tended beyond the strength of my weak frame, for if 
 so, experience has taught me that the effect is the 
 reverse. 
 
 5//; Day^ 2^tb. — Did not attend A4eeting, as I 
 apprehended I might be excused. Tiled several 
 chimneys in my new tenements. 
 
 6th Day^ 31^/. — Tiled two more chimneys in the 
 morning. Afternoon, went with my dear wife to see 
 Nicholas Wain and wife, at their country-seat near 
 Frankford. 
 
 ']th Day^ ist of Ninth month. — Finished tiling the 
 new house chimneys, eight in all. The plasterers 
 also finished their work, and we got it measured. 
 
 1st Day^ id. — Sick to-day with my common com- 
 plaint, so that I could not attend Meeting as usual, 
 which was a cross. Better towards evening, though 
 much weakened and worn with pain and retching. 
 
 Our pilgrimage through this dark vale is- much 
 checkered with afirlictions of one sort or another, but 
 if it only extends to the body, through Divine aid, it 
 may be borne. But when the mind is defiled with 
 sin, and the conscience wounded, the poor soul sinks, 
 as it were, in deep waters. 
 
1792.] 173 
 
 the happy situation of those who by purity and 
 faithfulness make the Lord their friend, and feel His 
 Holy Spirit to speak peace in hours of bodily distress. 
 
 These look through present afflictions, which are 
 but momentary, to things which are invisible, trusting 
 in His mercy, that at the final close of all things here 
 below, they shall, through adorable goodness, be ac- 
 cepted in the beloved. 
 
 id Day^ 3^. — But poorly to-day. 
 
 3^ Day^ \th. — Well enough to attend Meeting, 
 which I hope was in some degree profitable, remark- 
 able Ministerial labour being bestowed in good au- 
 thority. 
 
 1 wish to take my full share of the advice given, 
 and endeavour to be in readiness for the all-important 
 final summons, more especially directed to those who 
 were advanced beyond the meridian of life, and who 
 had not sufficiently directed their strength and talents 
 to the most momentous of all concerns. 
 
 \th Day^ ^th. — Diligence and industry enabled 
 me to close this day to satisfaction. How invaluable 
 is time. Let it not pass, my dear children, without 
 improvement. What would some poor souls give for 
 another year — yea, for a month, or even an hour? 
 
 ^th Day^ 6th, — Settled with and paid several of 
 my workmen, without any jar or difference. Trou- 
 ble is often prevented by making a clear bargain in the 
 outset, and it is best to be done in writing. I recom- 
 mend this precaution to my dear children in their fu- 
 ture stepping through life. 
 
 6th Day^ qth. — 'jth Day^ Sth. — Did some hard 
 work for my feeble frame, which however, I hope. 
 
 16 
 
174 [9^^ "^^- 9^^i 
 
 did me no harm, as I find moderate exercise, and even 
 sometimes what may be called labour, to be better 
 than physic, tho' I take a little of that sometimes: — 
 one or two of Anderson's pills, or a teaspoonful or 
 two of Elixir proprietatis. John Payne deceased. 
 
 1st Day^()th. — Attended two Meetings and John 
 Payne's funeral. 
 
 2d Day ^ loth. — Much engaged. 
 
 3^ Day^ nth, — Preparative Meeting. 
 
 ^th Day^ I2th. — Indisposed with headache most 
 of the day. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^V^- — Pretty well again, and found 
 enough to do, which I esteem a favour, for there is 
 hardly anything more tiresome than idleness, but there 
 are few that need be so, if they are properly exertive. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — A hard day for my strength. 
 
 jth Day, i^th. — Not much rest for body or spirit. 
 Perhaps some who read this may think I am like a 
 man running a race : and so I truly am, and so are 
 you, my dear friends — a race from time to eternity — 
 an important one indeed. 
 
 Let us, then, cast off every weight and burden 
 which impedes us in our progress, and as we run let 
 us pray for patience, which we cannot well do with- 
 out. Patience, that most excellent virtue, which en- 
 ables us to surmount many difficulties, and avoid many 
 evils, which, without its aid, would most surely beset 
 us in our passage. 
 
 But above all, let us get the shield of faith — a 
 firm and humble trust in the Divine sufficiency. But 
 this we cannot obtain without a good conscience. O 
 may we then betake ourselves to prayer, and a watch- 
 
1792.] 175 
 
 ful, circumspect attention to revealed duties, and then 
 Merciful Goodness, who cares for even the sparrou^, 
 will enable us to step along through the various beset- 
 ments attendant on human life, and in the end, if we 
 keep our integrity, crown us with victory over all our 
 soul's enemies. 
 
 1st Day^ i6th. — A calm, quiet day, which af- 
 forded some refreshment. Rain in the afternoon — 
 truly acceptable to the parched earth. 
 
 2d Day ^ i']th. — A fine, soaking rain in the night. 
 The clouds broke away about noon. Four tenants 
 entered my four small new buildings, which I have 
 put up this summer. 
 
 Polly Compton died last night, after a long time 
 of weakness. She was Hannah Cathrall's sister. 
 
 i^dDay^ \%th. — Our Monthly Meeting day, which 
 concluded at one sitting, tho' trying to some weaklings 
 like myself. We hear of the decease of Ezekiel Cow- 
 gill, a useful Friend of the Southern Quarter, about 
 Little Creek. 
 
 \th Day^ i()th. — Was favoured to feel better than 
 common in health, for which thankfulness covered my 
 mind. Having been so exertive through the summer, 
 I scarcely expected it to pass without being laid up 
 with something or other. The Lord is merciful, or 
 we could not stand. 
 
 ^th Day^ loth. — ^ Finished some small matters 
 which were not quite complete, about my new houses, 
 and did some errands preparatory to the approaching 
 Yearly Meeting. A number of Friends, I hear, are 
 come from New York to this city to attend the Meet- 
 ing. 
 
176 [gth mo. 2 1 St, 
 
 6th Day^ list, — Was employed in divers neces- 
 sary matters. 
 
 'fth Day^ 22^. — Several Friends came to quarter 
 at our house. Had something of my common disorder 
 the latter part of the day and in the night. 
 
 It is a blessed thing to have an approving con- 
 science. How sovereign an antidote against the ills 
 of life. 
 
 If we can but get to resignation to the Divine 
 will, and truly believe that portion of Holy Writ, that 
 He numbers the hair of our heads, clothes the lilies, 
 and feeds the ravens, what confidence it inspires in 
 the Providential care of our Heavenly Father. 
 
 1st Day^ 23^. — At three sittings at our North 
 Meeting House, which were favoured, particularly 
 the first. 
 
 2d Day^ i\th. — This day our Yearly Meeting 
 for business began, and being desired to act as Assis- 
 tant Clerk to Nicholas Wain, was much taken up in 
 that service during the course of the week, and in at- 
 tention to my friends, having many at our house. 
 
 At this Meeting Rules of Discipline were made 
 to authorize Monthly Meetings to disown such parents, 
 guardians, &c. as consent to or connive at their chil- 
 dren's marriages out of the order of Truth. 
 
 Also, to proceed in the same manner in cases 
 where members deviate into the extravagant customs 
 and fashions of the world in their dress, address, &c. 
 
 Likewise, a rule for the regulation of removals, 
 which has long been wanting. 
 
 And further regulations respecting interments of 
 deceased Friends, &c. 
 
1792.] 177 
 
 1st Day^ -^oth. — Was afflicted with the headache, 
 but made shift to do some writing for the Meetings 
 which was to be dispatched early. There is always 
 a reward for every service in the great cause of Right- 
 eousness. 
 
 2d Day ^ \st of Tenth month. — Better to-day of my 
 disorder. My son Johnny set off with Eliza Lang- 
 dale, in order to visit her sister about Duck Creek — 
 she having lately lost her husband, who was drowned. 
 
 In the evening it set in for rain, and proved a wet 
 night. 
 
 3<^ Day.^ 2d. — Attended our Week-day Meeting. 
 A very cool day. 
 
 ^th Day^ -^d. — A large white frost this morning. 
 Busily employed most of the day, and weary when the 
 evening came. 
 
 Life is short at the longest, compared with never- 
 ending eternity. It is strown thick with afflictions of 
 one sort or other, while the comforts and pleasures 
 thereof are few in reality, and generally of very short 
 continuance. 
 
 So that there is nothing worth setting our hearts 
 upon but God, and nothing deserving of our unremit- 
 ting pursuit but His favour, peace and acceptance in 
 the awful hour of death, that swiftly hastens upon all 
 flesh. ^^Jll flesh is grass^ and all the goodltness thereof 
 is as the foiver of the field. "^ 
 
 Sth Day.^ \th. — At High Street Meeting. Not 
 very well to-day, tho' I made out to see after some 
 concerns of a domestic kind. Weather pleasant. 
 
 6^/? Day.^ ^th. — Poorly in health. May I improve 
 
 these frequent intimations that ^''here we have no con- 
 
 16* 
 
178 [loth mo. 6th, 
 
 tinuing city^^ for this poor tabernacle is evidently moul- 
 dering down to its original. To be ready, then, for 
 the solemn close, is greatest wisdom. 
 
 Brother Samuel Elliott came to town about noon. 
 By him we hear of the departure of Hannah, wife of 
 Elisha Hopkins, in child-bed of her twelfth child. — 
 An afflicting stroke to her near connections. 
 
 She was an innocent, virtuous, amiable woman, 
 under 32, and I doubt not has exchanged a dark vale 
 of tears for endless peace and joy. 
 
 May we who yet remain to tread the dreary path 
 of Hfe experience a like happy conclusion when our 
 days are finished, is my earnest prayer. 
 
 •^th Day^ 6th. — Was troubled with a pain in my 
 back, proceeding, I believe, from cold, so that I \/as 
 mostly confined to the house. \ 
 
 1st Day^ 'jth. — With some difficulty I got to tw^ 
 Meetings, in a good deal of pain. We hear of the 
 safe arrival at Liverpool of our friends M. Ridgway 
 and Jane Watson, Samuel Emlen and Sarah Harrison, 
 after a fine passage of thirty days. 
 
 Thus the devoted servants are engaged to go to 
 and fro, that the people may be prevailed upon to at- 
 tend to their most important interests. 
 
 As some have so great a portion of labour and 
 exercise, both of body and mind to encounter, both 
 by sea and land, it ought to be an incitement to us 
 who are privileged to continue in our ceiled houses, 
 to be diligent to perform the share of service allotted 
 
 to us. 
 
 2d Day^ %th. — Continued poorly, but found em- 
 ployment in writing Extracts for the Meeting. 'Tis 
 
I792-] ^79 
 
 best to be doing something, being profitable for mind 
 as well as body. 
 
 We hear of the decease of our antient Friend 
 Thomas Carlton, of Kennet. He lived to the age 
 of about 94. His faculties failed — so much so that 
 he scarce knew any of his friends, and his memory 
 was almost wholly gone. 
 
 He had been a lively Minister, of peaceable, 
 blameless conversation, so that there is just ground 
 to hope and believe he hath made a happy exchange. 
 
 3^ Day^ ()th. — Attended Week-day Meeting in 
 course, tho' somewhat unwell. 
 
 ^th Day^ 10th. — ^thDay^ i ith. — Continued poor- 
 ly, tho' not so much amiss as to be wholly confined 
 to the house. 
 
 Had several of our New England Friends to dine, 
 by whom we hear of the decease of our kind friend 
 Grifiith Barney, of Boston, where Thomas Scatter- 
 good and I quartered when there last summer. 
 
 6th Day^ 12th. — A lowering morning, which pro- 
 duced rain after dinner. This made me think of my 
 son Johnny, who is probably now at Duck Creek — 
 but I hope he will not ride in the wet. 
 
 Several New York Friends set off^ for that place. 
 I think they will have but an unpleasant time. 
 
 Continued poorly, with pain in my back, &c., 
 tho' I read and wrote as usual, not being fit for much 
 
 else. 
 
 ']th Day^ 13^^' — Much rain in the night, and 
 very blustering and stormy. Cleared away about 
 noon, and was pleasant. Captain Needham arrived 
 from Salem. 
 
i8o [loth mo. 14th, 
 
 jst Day^ I4.th. — Attended two Meetings, though 
 poorly. David Sands in town. 
 
 2d Day ^ i^th. — Rain this morning. Afternoon 
 brother Samuel set ofF for home, and our son John 
 returned from Duck Creek, having been absent about 
 
 two weeks. 
 
 I have employed these several days in writing 
 
 Extracts, &c. 
 
 3^ Day^ 16th. — At Week-day Meeting, — after 
 which was held the Preparative Meeting. Afternoon 
 engaged in writing. 
 
 ^th Day^ I'jth, — Beautiful weather — mild, clear 
 and wholesome. 
 
 ^th Day^ iSth. — At High Street Meeting, where 
 Isaac Cox and Rebecca Shoemaker were married. — 
 David Sands exercised his gift to the comfort of the 
 audience. 
 
 Afternoon, attended the Meeting for Sufferings, 
 by appointment of the Yearly Meeting, which sat 
 about four hours on a subject of weight. 
 
 6th Day^ igtb. — Again at Meeting for Suffer- 
 ings, which sat again about four hours, and then re- 
 ferred the business over to next month. 
 
 Forwarded several copies of the Extracts, which 
 I had been some time preparing, they being long this 
 year. 
 
 jth Day^ 20th. — Walked about a good deal, and 
 found myself weary when night came. I desire to be 
 grateful for the tolerable health I enjoy at present, 
 and that so great a blessing is continued to my family. 
 
 1st Day^ 2ist. — At three Meetings. At morn- 
 ing and evening Meetings our Friend David Sands 
 
1792.] i8i 
 
 was eminently assisted in the exercise of his Ministry, 
 particularly in the latter; — ^''Mark the perfect mariy 
 and behold the upright -, for the end of that man is peace^^ 
 being his subject, from which he raised sound and in- 
 structive doctrine. 
 
 idDay^lld. — Employed writing forthe Meeting. 
 
 3^ Day^ 23<^. — At Monthly Meeting, which held 
 late. 
 
 \th Day^ i^th. — A sick day, which rendered me 
 
 nearly useless. 
 
 $th Day^ 2^th. — Somewhat better. Made some 
 
 progress in writing for the Society. Weather fine. 
 
 Had some New England Friends in the evening. — 
 
 Retired satisfied in having done what I could. 
 
 ()th Day^ 26th. — Being up before the bright source 
 of day, I saw the most beautiful morning dawn. — 
 Quietness and retirement has a happy tendency to 
 sweeten the mind, and enable us to discharge the 
 duties of life. 
 
 Laboured through the day in several engagements, 
 and so retired, beholding all mutable things as pass- 
 ing clouds, which now appear, and then are no more 
 seen — fit emblems of worldly things, which are in- 
 deed transient, fleeting and changeable, perishing with 
 the using. 
 
 May I then lay hold on the substance, and keep 
 an eye to those durable riches which fade not neither 
 perish with the using. 
 
 Strengthen our faith, O Lord, in thy Divine suf- 
 ficiency, and afford us thy grace, to make our passage 
 through a world of snares and pits, unto thy Heavenly 
 Kingdom. Went to see a sick friend. 
 
i82 [loth mo. 27th, 
 
 ']th Day^ I'jih. — Was busied writing for the Meet- 
 ing. Our Friend David Sands paid an acceptable visit 
 to our family, and spent great part of the day with us, 
 having a comfortable sitting. 
 
 He mentioned his sense, or prospect, that though 
 a stranger, he had to believe some present had had to 
 travel through a large share of trouble and exercise, 
 and many strait passes, yet under and through all the 
 Divine Hand had supported. 
 
 Addressing himself to our sons who had been 
 spared to us, he said he had to remember Jacob's bless- 
 ing, wherewith he blessed the sons of Joseph, '•'-God^ 
 before whom ?ny fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk^ 
 the God which Jed me all my life long unto this day^ the 
 Angel which redeemed me from all evil^ bless the lads.^^ 
 
 And he had no doubt this most valuable of bless- 
 ings was in store for them, if they dwelt in the holy 
 fear of the Divine Name, and followed the counsel of 
 Truth, as it was gradually unfolded in the secret of 
 their own hearts. 
 
 With much more, by way of caution and en- 
 couragement to the parents and to the children. He 
 seemed to be affectionately united to us, and to be 
 feelingly interested in our welfare. 
 
 1st Day^ I'^th. — At Meeting. Called to see a 
 sick friend or two. Had several to dine and drink 
 tea with us. 
 
 2d Day^ 2()th. — Mother Elliott and Sister Gray 
 came to spend a few days with us. Heard of the 
 welfare of our friend and Cousin Thomas Scatter- 
 good, now on his religious visit to the Carolinas and 
 Georgia. 
 
179^.] i83 
 
 3^ Day^ '^Qth. — At Meeting, where David Sands 
 had some service. 
 
 We hear of the decease of Richard Shackleton, 
 an eminent Friend, of Ireland. 
 
 Also, of great tumults and bloodshed in France, 
 on account of the late revolution in their political gov- 
 ernment. Also, of the endeavours of several of the 
 European powers to crush the new Constitution lately- 
 adopted by the National Assembly; as the Assembly 
 deposed the king, and put the royal family in confine- 
 ment. 
 
 ^th Day^ T^ist — Was mostly within doors, part of 
 the day being wet. 
 
 ^th Day^ ist of Eleventh month. — At Meeting Da- 
 vid Sands was favoured in Testimony and prayer. — 
 Several others also appeared. Afternoon, employed 
 in writing, &c. 
 
 6th Day^ id. — Finished my writing for the Meet- 
 ing, which afforded satisfaction. Every little service 
 and labour of love has its reward, (if it be done from 
 right motives,) in the secret of our own minds — for 
 there is the place to receive true comfort. 
 
 The world, or those who are in its spirit, are not 
 worth consulting. They can do us no good in the 
 hour of exigency. 
 
 The tribunal of our own conscience must deter- 
 mine what is right or wrong as to ourselves, and to 
 this I would recommend my dear children — for if our 
 own hearts do not approve our deeds, God is greater, 
 and will condemn them also. 
 
 Let us, therefore, ^^ stand in awe^ and sin not.^^ 
 Otherwise, we shall be sensible of His judgments — 
 
184 [nth mo. 3d, 
 
 which will be heavier than the human mind can bear. 
 ^''The spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity'^ of body ; 
 he may writhe under sickness and pain ; he may com- 
 bat with outward crosses, disappointments and afflic- 
 tions, ^^hut a wounded conscience, who can bear?" 
 
 Solomon calls it "^ wounded spirit." He had 
 reason, doubtless, so to speak. He had felt the in- 
 dignation of the Highest for his transgressions, and 
 spoke from the best authority — experience. 
 
 The disturbance in France, on account of the 
 revolution in their government, and the bloodshed at- 
 tending and likely to increase, is great cause of regret 
 and sorrow to the Christian mind. 
 
 May the Almighty, if it be His Holy Will, dis- 
 pose their hearts to peace and harmony. 
 
 •jth Day^ 3^. — Attended a Committee of the 
 Quarterly Meeting. Called to see James Needham, 
 who has been much indisposed some time — his bro- 
 ther having sailed to New England without him — 
 which is a considerable trial. 
 
 Felt better to-day than usual, for which I desire 
 to be thankful to the Great Dispenser of benefits. 
 
 1st Day^ \th. — Thrice at Meeting. In the even- 
 ing David Sands was truly eminent on this subject: 
 ^''Keep the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace" 
 
 id Day^ $th. — Our Quarterly Meeting, which 
 was conducted to satisfaction, and concluded at two 
 sittings. David Sands dined v^^ith us, and several other 
 Friends. 
 
 If we think we see little weaknesses and failings 
 in any, let us be cautious of judging, but look rather 
 to the good in all. Being sensible of our own im- 
 
1792.] i85 
 
 perfections, let us be especially careful of censuring 
 those of others, for there is an infallible Judge that 
 will do right. 
 
 3^/ Day^ 6th. — Attended a Committee at eight, 
 and felt too much spent to be at the Youth's Meet- 
 ing, to which all our young folks went. 
 
 ^th Day^ jth. — Mother Elliott and Sister Gray 
 returned to their usual home at Brother John's, and 
 my dear wife and self went in our chaise to Samuel 
 Wilson's, about 8 miles, in order to attend Abington 
 Quarterly Meeting to-morrow. We had but a cold 
 ride- — the weather indicatino; rain. 
 
 ^th Day^ Sth. — Attended the Quarterly Meeting 
 at Abington, where was a very large collection of 
 Friends, and a number of the Yearly Meeting's Com- 
 mittee. It did not conclude 'til near five. 
 
 We just got in at Solomon Miller's, (about a 
 mile from the Meeting House,) about dusk, where 
 we were well entertained, and lodged in comfortable 
 accommodations. 
 
 6th Day^ c)th. — Attended the Youth's Meeting, 
 where H. Longstreth and Benjamin Clark had the 
 principal service, and James Cresson prayed. 
 
 It rained heavily when the Meeting concluded, 
 and we rode through it to Oliver Wilson's, where we 
 dined with several other Friends. Then proceeded 
 home, through deep and miry roads, and reached our 
 habitation about the shutting in of the evening, and, 
 although the weather was not pleasant, we had no 
 cause to regret our excursion. 
 
 I reckon this to be my birth-day, on which I have 
 completed my fiftieth year. Awful it is to consider 
 
i86 [nth mo. 9th, 
 
 that hitherto the Divine Hand hath been near and helped 
 — preserving me through the slippery paths of youth. 
 
 At an early age I was left destitute of natural pa- 
 rents to watch over and guard my inexperienced years, 
 when so many temptations abound, and so little judg- 
 ment is formed to direct our movements. 
 
 This is the critical time, when the mind is so 
 subject to be influenced by a wrong bias, and thereby 
 be drawn into a labyrinth of error, from which 'tis ex- 
 ceeding difficult to recede or draw back. 
 
 Multitudes of objects and presentations occur to 
 the senses, which are considered (at that age,) as desira- 
 ble, but which, being brought to the standard of ex- 
 perience and realized, are found to be ideal and vis- 
 ionary, and to leave no satisfactory retrospect upon 
 the mind; for nothing that has not the fear of God 
 and love of our neighbour for a basis, can yield us 
 any solid profit. 
 
 Every selfish motive and desire to gratify the 
 sensual appetites, proves injurious to our solid peace, 
 and when we come to be stripped of all our wretched 
 rags of self-righteousness, nothing remains but the real 
 treasure of a conscientiousness that our actions and 
 conduct have been formed on the sure ground of the 
 glory of the Divine Name and love to mankind. 
 
 'jth Day^ loth. — Was not very well, owing, I 
 believe, to some cold I took in my late ride. Kept 
 house most of the day. David Sands kindly called 
 to see us. 
 
 1st Day^ I ith. — At Meeting thrice. In the even- 
 ing our Friend Sands was drawn forth to a large au- 
 dience, with great fervency and acceptance. 
 
1792.] i87 
 
 id Day^ \ith. — A fine day, but cool, and more 
 cool towards evening. Johnny went over Schuylkill 
 to G. Gray's, with Betsey Langdale, and returned in 
 the evening. 
 
 2,d Day^ i^th. — At Meeting, where David Sands 
 had a good time in Testimony and prayer. Mother 
 Elliott came to stay a while with us. 
 
 4.th Day^ \\th. — Clear and cool. The winter 
 now approaches our doors. Well for those who have 
 a good stock of wood, and money in the purse. 
 
 $th Day^ i^ih. — At High Street Meeting; after 
 which attended the Meeting for Sufferings, by appoint- 
 ment of the Yearly Meeting, on the subject of ad- 
 dressing Congress on the Indian war. The Meeting 
 held late. 
 
 6th Day^ i6th. — Attended at three sittings of 
 Meeting for Sufferings, on same business as mentioned 
 yesterday, which filled up the service of the day. 
 
 ']th Day^ I'jth. — Was present at three sittings — 
 at 8, 10 and 4 — which concluded not 'til after dark, 
 which was a good deal fatiguing to nature. 
 
 1st Day^ iSth. — At morning Meeting, but was 
 not well enough to go afterwards, on account of pain 
 in my head, &c. 
 
 id Day ^ i<^th. — Attended the Committee appoin- 
 ted to deliver the address to Congress on the subject 
 of the Indian war. So that business is perfected for 
 the present. 
 
 '^d Day ^ 20th. — Preparative Meeting; after which 
 I was engaged about domestic matters. 
 
 \th Day^ 21st. — Attended a Committee on Meet- 
 ing business. 
 
i88 [nth mo. 22d, 
 
 Sth Day^ 22^. — At High Street Week-day Meet- 
 ing, where David Sands and others exercised their gifts 
 in the ministry to edification. 
 
 bth Day^ 23^. — Being wet, was detained mostly 
 within doors, having been indisposed with a cold for 
 some days. 
 
 ']th Day^ 2\th. — Went to see our friend James 
 Needham, who has been confined to his chamber for 
 some days. 
 
 1st Day^ isth. — At Meeting, as usual. O that 
 these frequent opportunities afforded for spiritual im- 
 provement, may not be spent in vain — for, verily, the 
 solemn period hastens when we can no longer work, 
 'y2?r there is no work^ nor device^ nor knowledge^ nor wis- 
 dom in the grave^ whither thou goest^^ to which state 
 we are individually hastening. 
 
 id Day^ 7.6th. — Was present at a Committee on 
 the concerns of Society. Also, was employed about 
 some affairs of a private natfure. 
 
 '^d Day., I'jth, — Our Monthly Meeting, which 
 adjourned about 2, for a week, as common. Made 
 some progress in trimming my vines. 
 
 /^th Day., iSth^ to the end of the month. — Was 
 mostly engaged within the house, the weather being 
 cold, with sharp frosts — which occasioned me to give 
 some further protection to my vines, by placing litter 
 about the roots, &c. 
 
 ']th Day., 1st of Twelfth month. — Our neighbour 
 Smith seems near her end. (She deceased the follow- 
 ing night). 
 
 1st Day., 2d. — Attended Meeting in the morning. 
 After-part of the day wrote to a friend in New England. 
 
1792.] i89 
 
 id Day^ 3<i. — Thomas Barker and sister Nelly- 
 set ofF on their return to Rhode Island. Also, our 
 valued Friend David Sands left the city, for his home 
 on the North river or near it, accompanied by Brother 
 Joshua Cresson and Samuel Emlen, Jun. Mother 
 Elliott and Sister Gray returned to Brother John's. 
 
 3^ Day^ ^th, — The adjournment of our Monthly 
 Meeting was held, and the business concluded for this 
 time. 
 
 ^th Day^ ^th. — About this time Mary Swett, from 
 Haddonfield, and the Friends appointed by our Monthly 
 Meeting, viz: Samuel Smith and Hannah Cathrall, 
 with some Elders, began their family visits to the 
 members of our Meeting. May their labour of love 
 receive the blessing. 
 
 I think nothing less than a sense of religious duty 
 could induce a Friend of a small gift (though well ap- 
 proved,) to leave her family, and come on such an 
 errand. 
 
 Visited a friend who has been some time indis- 
 posed. Brother and Sister Cresson visited us. 
 
 ^th Day^ 6th. — Attended Meeting at High Street. 
 Winterly weather. 
 
 6tk Day^ 'jth. — Was employed on some Meeting 
 business. 
 
 'Jth Day^ Sth. — A very cold morning. Attended 
 to a religious concern — endeavouring to compose a 
 difference between two members of our Societv. 
 
 1st Day^ gth. — A clear, fine day. Johnny and 
 his Cousin, Ebenezer Cresson, walked over to Had- 
 donfield Meeting, with a view of staying a couple of 
 days. 
 
 17* 
 
IQO [i2th mo. ioth> 
 
 2d Day^ lOth. — Employed in some Meeting busi- 
 ness. 
 
 3^ Day^ nth. — Attended our Week-day Meet- 
 ing. Johnny returned from Haddonfield. 
 
 4/^ Day,^ 12th. — Engaged about my family con- 
 cerns. 
 
 ^th Day^ i^th. — At High St. Week-day Meeting. 
 Got in some more fire wood to add to my winter's store. 
 
 6th Day^ \\th. — Took some further care to se- 
 cure my vines from the force of the winter's frost. 
 
 qth Day^ i^th. — A fine winter's day; and a time 
 of general health, I believe, through the city. May 
 we continually live under a sense of the favours be- 
 stowed. 
 
 1st Day^ ibth. — Thrice at Meetings, which were 
 comfortable to the wearied spirits, I trust, of many 
 travellers through this thorny wilderness. 
 
 We hear of the decease of Isaac Caulke and his 
 wife, at the head of Sassafras river, Maryland, who 
 deceased within a day or two of each other, and were 
 buried in one grave, about the 12th instant. An aw- 
 ful instance of the great uncertainty of human life. 
 They were favoured with the good things plentifully ; 
 but nothing will bribe the messenger or prevent the 
 stroke, when the dread commission has gone forth. 
 
 2d Day^ I'jth. — We hear that our friend James 
 Needham (a Friend from Salem in New England,) 
 has taken the small pox at John Morton's, and is 
 likely to have the disorder very full. His case is try- 
 ing, and calls for the sympathy of tender minds^ 
 which, 1 believe, is not wanting among a large circle 
 of his friends here. 
 
1792.] iQi 
 
 3^ Day^ iSth. — At Preparative Meeting. After- 
 noon went to see several friends, one of whom, James 
 Needham, Is sorely afflicted with the disorder men- 
 tioned In my note of yesterday. 
 
 ^th Day^ igth. — Fine, and very fine for the sea- 
 son, which I endeavoured to Improve according to 
 ability. Benjamin Havlland and his son came to 
 town from New York. 
 
 ^th Day^ 20th. — Being summoned on a jury, went 
 to Court, but did not serve, which I was glad of. — 
 Our friends mentioned In the foregoing dined with us. 
 
 bth Day^ list. — Was employed on some Meet- 
 ing business. Brother Joshua and Samuel Emlen, the 
 younger, returned from accompanying our Friend Da- 
 vid Sands to his own habitation. 
 
 ']th Day^ lid. — Visited James Needham, who 
 continues very 111 indeed. 
 
 \st Day^ 23^. — At Meeting twice, which I hope 
 was comfortable and edifying. 
 
 2d Day^ 2\th. — Went to see several Indisposed 
 friends. James Needham not expected to recover. 
 
 3^ Day^ 2Sth. — Our Monthly Meeting, which 
 held late. Benjamin Havlland and son dined with us. 
 
 About 3 our friend James Needham finished his 
 earthly career, being the eleventh day from the first 
 appearance of the small pox. He was a solid, sensi- 
 ble Friend and Elder, of Salem in New England. — 
 His widow, as well as that Meeting, will no doubt be 
 sensibly affected by his removal in the strength of his 
 years, (about 46,) and at a time of life perhaps most 
 fit for usefulness. 
 
JQ2 [i2th mo. 26th, 
 
 ^th Day^ 16th. — A number of Indians came to 
 town, 'tis said to treat of peace. A desirable object, 
 truly ; many lives having been lost and much money 
 expended in the contest with them. Mother Elliott 
 much indisposed to-day. 
 
 ^th Day^ 2']th, — Was prevented attending Meet- 
 ing, which was not pleasant. 'Tis said the Indians 
 who came to town yesterday are of the Wabash tribe, 
 who have been among the principal actors in the war. 
 A man of the name of Blanchard lately arrived 
 from France, with an intention of exhibiting a scene 
 of folly by ascending to a great height in the air, in a 
 balloon, which I think amounts nearly to presumption. 
 6th Day^ i^th. — We have an account of the death 
 of Thomas Swain, a respectable Friend near Darby. 
 
 '^th Day^ 2()tb. — The season so far has been re- 
 markably mild, and 'tis not improbable but that we 
 may have a moderate winter, from several concurring 
 circumstances. 
 
 jst Day^ ipth. — At Meeting thrice, to my com- 
 fort. As I have now (that is, a few weeks past,) 
 completed my fiftieth year, the remaining span of Hfe 
 appears to diminish fast. I see the great necessity of 
 preparation for another state of being which will never 
 end. O the importance of human life, and the great 
 events which accompany the prospect beyond the 
 
 grave. 
 
 John Hopkins' wife Catharine, daughter of Joshua 
 
 Howell, deceased in her prime, about 34, leaving seven 
 
 children. There is reason to hope from her state of 
 
 mind in her concluding moments, that her end was 
 
 peaceful and happy. 
 
1792.] 193 
 
 id Day ^ 31J/. — Mild and moderate. River still 
 open. 
 
 So the year 1792 ends. What another may pro- 
 duce none can tell. Doubtless many will be called 
 hence and others fill their places on this changeable 
 stage. 
 
 Happy they who are in a state of readiness for 
 a better world in that felicity which we are authorized 
 to believe will be the portion of all those who run the 
 race set before them with patience, in obedience to 
 the Divine Law placed in every heart. 
 
 NOTE. 
 
 The year 1793 was made memorable in Phila- 
 delphia by the devastations of the Yellow Fever. It 
 carried off about 4000 of the inhabitants. 
 
 Among the many who then finished their course 
 were Caleb Cresson's Wife and Brother. He felt it 
 his duty to remain in the City. His son Caleb staid 
 with him, and was attacked by the fever, but recovered. 
 
 His wife Annabella went to Radnor, with her son 
 John, where she was attacked with the yellow fever, 
 and died lOth mo. 12th, 1793. 
 
 His Brother Joshua Cresson remained in Phila- 
 delphia, and died of yellow fever, lOth, mo. 2ist, 1793. 
 
 Daniel Offley, Huson Longstreth, Ministers of 
 our Society, with many valuable members, fell victims 
 to the disease. C. C. C. 
 
195 
 
 Family History. 
 
 Fourth month, 1793. 
 
 I have thought it might not be improper, for the 
 information of my dear sons, to give some little ac- 
 count of our family, and my passage through the wil- 
 derness of this world. 
 
 Having observed that the young generation soon 
 lose the knowledge of their predecessors, and are 
 scarcely capable of informing their children from what 
 stock they sprang, or who their forefathers were. 
 
 Though I have nothing to relate that is sufficient 
 ground for my offspring to apprehend themselves above 
 the middle class of the community. 
 
 But I give this account from motives I think 
 justifiable, namely, that they may not be altogether 
 ignorant of their geneaology, and that they may see, 
 that in the course of my life I have been cared for by 
 the Good Hand, and though early deprived of the care 
 of tender parents, I have been preserved by Him whose 
 providence extends even to the sparrows, and who 
 will provide for all those who sincerely put their trust 
 in Him, according as He sees meet in His wisdom, 
 which is unerring. 
 
196 
 
 My grandfather, Solomon Cresson,was descended 
 from the French and German nations— his father, as 
 I have been informed, being of French extraction, 
 and his mother a Low-Dutch woman. 
 
 My grandfather was one of those who were cast 
 away on the coast of Florida, with Jonathan Dickin- 
 son and his family, in the year 1696, being then a 
 young man about 24 or 5, and had been sent to Ja- 
 maica by his brother from New York, on mercantile 
 business, which proving unsuccessful, and his expense 
 considerable, on account of endeavours for the re- 
 covery of a vessel seized by the Admiralty, he was 
 obliged to work his passage home; though he was not 
 a sailor, as represented in the printed account of the 
 shipwreck. 
 
 Having the Spanish language, he was of singular 
 use to the sufferers, and perhaps one means, under 
 Divine Providence, of preserving their lives. 
 
 He married Anna Watson, who died in 1744. 
 He died in 1746, very suddenly, of the apoplexy, hav- 
 ing dropped down in the street, near Friends' Meeting 
 House in Market Street. 
 
 Being carried into his son John's in Strawberry 
 Alley, he there soon expired. He was a turner and 
 chair-maker by occupation, by which he acquired con- 
 siderable property. 
 
 My dear father was, I think, his eldest son, and 
 brought up to his father's calling, in which he was re- 
 markably ingenious. 
 
 He married my mother, Sarah Emlen, daughter 
 of George Emlen the elder, about the year 1736 or 
 
 1737- 
 
197 
 He was industrious in his business, and generally- 
 beloved. Having gone down the river to procure 
 rushes, he took a severe cold, which terminated in a 
 consumption, which put a period to his life, in the 3d 
 month, 1746, in his 37th year. 
 
 My dear mother survived him a few years, and 
 died of the same disorder, in 1752, aged about 43 
 years. 
 
 They had four sons — George, Caleb, Joshua, 
 and James. The eldest and youngest died young — 
 myself and brother being the two middle ones. I am 
 now in my 51st year. 
 
 Now on my mother's side : 
 
 My grandfather, George Emlen, came over, as I 
 understand, with William Penn. He married Hannah 
 Garrett, daughter of Samuel Garrett,^ a Friend in the 
 Ministry, well esteemed. 
 
 Samuel Garrett was also one of the first settlers, 
 and took up his land and residence near Darby, having 
 been a resident in Darbyshire, Old England. 
 
 George and Hannah Emlen had eight children^ 
 four sons and then four daughters, of whom my mother 
 was the youngest, born about 1709. 
 
 My grandfather, George Emlen, deceased in the 
 year 17 10. My grandmother, his wife, in the year 
 1738. He was a brewer by occupation, and an in- 
 dustrious reputable man ; and she a woman of good 
 account for her integrity and usefulness. 
 
 * Elsewhere Hannah Garrett is said to have been the daughter of William 
 Garrett, who was the father of Samuel Garrett. C. C. C. 
 
 18 
 
198 
 
 I was born in Philadelphia, the 29th of 8th mo. 
 1742, Old Style, (which, according to the present 
 computation, answers to the 9th of nth month). 
 
 My father dying before I was four years old, my- 
 self and brother Joshua were left under the care of 
 our mother, who remained a widow until her decease 
 in 1752. 
 
 She kept a shop in the house where I was born, 
 a few doors below the Meeting House in Second 
 Street, several years. Afterwards removed, on ac- 
 count of her ill state of health, with us her children, 
 to Uncle Joshua Emlen's, at the upper end of Second 
 Street, where she continued until her decease in the 
 year above mentioned. 
 
 She was near two years in a declining state, and 
 within that time took a little voyage to Rhode Island, 
 and returned by land, having my father's sister, Mary 
 Armitt, and her husband, John Armitt, as companions. 
 
 She also went several months into the country, 
 amongst our relations in Chester County, but she did 
 not receive much benefit thereby as to her health. 
 
 I was then left under the care of my Uncle Joshua 
 Emlen aforesaid, who proved a kind friend, and man- 
 aged our little estate, as executor, with great upright- 
 ness, for twelve or thirteen years, without any charge 
 of commissions, for which acts of real friendship I 
 hope he reaps a better reward than we could give. 
 
 After my mother's decease I went to live with my 
 Uncle John Armitt, whose wife fulfilled the part of 
 a kind parent to us until her decease, in an advanced 
 age, in 1791 — of whom I have written more fully 
 elsewhere. 
 
199 
 
 I continued at the school of Anthony Benezet 
 and Alexander Seaton, until I went apprentice to 
 Thomas Clifford, merchant, in Water Street, about 
 the middle of the year, 1757, where I served six years 
 and upwards. 
 
 My master being an extensive trader, I had full 
 employment, both for body and mind. I was part 
 of the time boarded at my Aunt Armitt's. 
 
 My master had 30 pistoles as a fee, and I believe 
 I may say without vanity, he had a good bargain of me. 
 
 In the year 1767 I formed a marriage with Sarah 
 Hopkins, daughter of Ebenezer Hopkins, of Haddon- 
 field, a virtuous, amiable young woman of 18, who, 
 had she been spared to me, was likely to have made 
 as accomplished a wife as most, but it was otherwise 
 ordered, no doubt in unerring wisdom. 
 
 We dwelt in Haddonfield the little time she 
 lived, about two years and four months. She deceased 
 in the 9th month, 1769, of a fever, leaving me one 
 child, a beloved daughter Mary. 
 
 In the spring following I returned again to my 
 native city, and lived with my kind Aunt Mary Ar- 
 mitt until I ao;ain entered into a married state, i6th of 
 4th mo. 1 772, with Annabella Elliott, daughter of John 
 and Annabella Elliott, a family of English Friends, 
 who came to this country from Leicester, in the year 
 1753. She remains my present endeared wife. 
 
 My daughter Mary deceased in the ist month, 
 1777, near nine years of age. There was every pros- 
 pect, had she lived, of her being all that a parent 
 could wish. 
 
200 
 
 With my present wife I have lived tv\^enty-one 
 years and upwards; have had seven children, two only 
 now surviving, our eldest-born John and Caleb. The 
 other five were taken from the evil to come in an 
 early stage of life. 
 
 It is trying to nature to sustain the loss of chil- 
 dren, yet it is far better to part with them in their in- 
 nocency, when we have no doubt of their happiness, 
 than to have them live and take to evil courses — for 
 verily, the snares of life are more justly to be feared 
 than death. 
 
201 
 
 Dying Sayings 
 
 OF 
 
 MARY ARM ITT, 
 
 WHO DECEASED AT 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, 
 Second Month, i8th, 1791, 
 
 Aged 83 Years. 
 
 She was taken unwell the 23d of ist month, 
 1 79 1. Nothing was noted 'till the following date, 
 when it was apprehended it might prove her last sick- 
 ness. 
 
 It is believed she did not know that any thing she 
 
 dropped was committed to writing. 
 
 Great care has been taken to preserve her own 
 expressions, without addition or alteration. 
 
 I St Mo. 29th Day. 
 
 Speaking to a Friend who sat up with her, she 
 said: — "I feel very weak, as if I was going. If I 
 should die before morning, tell my friends I love them 
 all. I die in full unity with them all, and love for all 
 the world." 
 
 IS 
 
 * 
 
202 
 
 4th Day, 2d Mo. 2d. 
 Several relations present, she expressed herself 
 thus : — " I love you all, and 1 hope I shall die in peace. 
 
 its a great thing to die. These poor bodies must 
 
 go, and if the Lord vi^ould be pleased to speak peace 
 
 to my soul — no matter how soon. I hope I shall die 
 
 the death of the righteous, and that my latter end may 
 
 be peace." 
 
 7th Day, 5th Mo. 2d. 
 
 To a Friend: — "I have had many lovi^ seasons 
 the Lord only knov^^s, I hope he vi^ill be w^ith me in 
 the end. The Lord preserve me in the patience." 
 
 One enquiring how she did, she replied : — "Very 
 low. 1 am going to leave you, but I feel a calm — 
 
 1 think I may say a sweet calm. I believe I am going 
 to peace." 
 
 To a young woman: — "It is a hard thing to die, 
 try to be ready." 
 
 She also expressed herself in this manner: — "I 
 am going to my Father and your Father, to my God 
 and your God." 
 
 Afternoon, same day: — "When Christ prayed 
 for his Disciples, he desired not that they should be 
 taken out of the world, but that they should be pre- 
 served from the evil j and I hope I have been preserved 
 
 from the evil." 
 
 1st Day, 6th. 
 
 She now kept her bed wholly, and did not set up, 
 
 but as she was bolstered in the bed, she said: — "I 
 
 hope I enjoy that peace the world can neither give nor 
 
 take away, I do not mention it boastingly, but desire 
 
 to be made thankful for it, knowing its not through 
 
 any merit of mine." 
 
203 
 
 After a fit of great difficulty of breathing: — "Sweet 
 Jesus look upon me in this moment of trial." 
 
 Shortly after, to some of her nearest relations : — 
 "I feel nothing but peace, sweet peace." 
 
 Some time after, raising her voice, she called by 
 name a young woman who lately came among Friends 
 by convincement, and said: — "Dear Beckey, hold 
 fast thy profession — thee has bought the truth, don't 
 sell it, and if thee keeps near it, it will preserve thee, 
 and do great things for thee." 
 
 To some relations: — "The Lord be with you 
 all, and bless you, and preserve you in love, as I have 
 endeavoured to example you in love.** 
 
 After a pause: — "The God of love and peace 
 be with you, and keep you in love and peace when I 
 am gone. Ifs poor living without Love.'''' 
 
 2d Day, yth. 
 
 To a young person : — " Keep good company and 
 thou wilt find great peace in it." 
 
 Same day, in great bodily affliction: — "Gracious 
 Father be pleased to receive my spirit." 
 
 Being a little revived, she said: — "Here I am. 
 The Lord's holy will be done." 
 
 To a relation sitting by her bed : — " O the bustle 
 there is in the world. But, when the messenger comes 
 we must go, and leave it all. Beware of the cumber 
 of the world. I have been in a bustle, and thou art 
 in a bustle. A prudent care for our families is neces- 
 sary, but do not be over anxious; thee sees the time 
 is come to me, and it will come to thee — when thee 
 must go and leave it all." 
 
204 
 
 To a neighbour: — "Thy mother was a precious 
 woman, and we lived in great love together, above 
 forty years, without a jar; and she was very careful of 
 you. I have heard her say that she has frequently 
 taken you up stairs, and tenderly counseled you 'till 
 the tears flowed down your faces; and I hope thou 
 wilt follow her good example in bringing up thy lit- 
 tle lambs." 
 
 Same day, with great composure and awfulness, 
 
 she made this 
 
 PRAYER. 
 
 "Dearest Father: — Bless and preserve all pres- 
 ent, and let every one receive a crumb of Heavenly 
 Bread. As formerly thou blessed the bread and handed 
 it to thy Disciples, so let every one of us here partake 
 of the Bread of Life, that we may all, as with the 
 heart of one man, bless and praise thy Holy Name 
 forever and ever. 
 
 " O dear Father, preserve the young people pres- 
 ent, and make them to see the beauty of holiness and 
 of purity, and the vanity of all things here below. — 
 Place thy awful fear in their minds, that they may 
 serve thee through life, and at the close be favoured 
 with that peace which I now feel, and which is a great 
 mercy. 
 
 "Praises and honour to thy Holy Name, forever 
 and ever. Praises, praises, praises." 
 
 After a short pause, she added: — "Sweet Jesus, 
 come. I give thee thanks for the multitude of thy 
 mercies. Holy Father, preserve the young genera- 
 tion, that they may stand in awe before thee; bring 
 them up in thy pure fear, that they may see the 
 
205 
 
 vanities of this world, and the beauties of true re- 
 ligion." 
 
 3d Day, 8th. 
 
 "Dear Johnny, love the Lord above all things." 
 
 Some time after, feeling very 111: — "May the 
 Lord be pleased to receive me Into the arms of his 
 mercy." 
 
 After some time: — "Praise ye the Lord — praise 
 
 ye the Lord ; for his mercies endure forever. Praise 
 
 ye the Lord." 
 
 4th Day, 9th. 
 
 "Sweet Jesus, sweet Jesus! Good is thy love, 
 and thy countenance Is comely. 
 
 Afterwards, as If contemplating on redeeming 
 love : — " Come unto me, all ye that labour and are 
 heavy laden, and I will give you rest." 
 
 To a female relation : — " My dear cousin, I love 
 thee dearly. May the Lord preserve thee while thou 
 llvest, and may thou die in his favour." 
 
 To a Friend : — " Thou seest me again. I believe 
 I am near the port." 
 
 On her taking leave : — " How comfortable the 
 
 expressions of our Saviour, 'In my Father's house are 
 
 many mansions.' If I could but be favoured to get 
 
 within a mansion." 
 
 5th Day, loth. 
 
 " I have often thought of those expressions of our 
 dear Lord : ' My peace I leave with you ; not as the 
 world gives, give I.' O my dear cousin, how com- 
 fortable Is that peace the Lord gives to them that love 
 him J it is better than all the world without it. Our 
 
206 
 
 dear Lord said, In the world ye shall have trouble, 
 but in me peace." 
 
 At another time : — " Sweet Jesus, have mercy on 
 me. If it be thy blessed will, receive me into the 
 arms of thy mercy ; but thy will, not mine, be done." 
 
 6th Day, nth. 
 
 "I can say with that great man, David, 'Though 
 I pass through the valley of the shadow of death, I 
 fear no evil.'" 
 
 The children of one of her near connexions be- 
 ing brought to her bedside, she took affectionate notice 
 of them. Afterwards, being in the room within her 
 sight, she said: — "I am looking at them, dear chil- 
 dren; what a world they have to pass through. I 
 hope (or pray) the Lord may preserve them." 
 
 1st Day, 13th. 
 About this time a Friend in the Ministry calling 
 to see her, she said she loved all them that loved the 
 
 Lord. 
 
 After a little pause, she brake forth after this 
 manner: — "Praise the Lord, for his mercies endure 
 forever. O the sweet peace that he gave to his Dis- 
 ciples, and is still giving unto them who follow him — 
 not as the world gives. O Father, Father, dearest 
 Father! sweet is thy voice, and thy countenance is 
 comely." 
 
 The Friend then left her bedside, for she ap- 
 peared to be much spent, and after taking a little re- 
 freshment, she went to take leave of her, when she 
 put out her hand, and said: — "I love thee, and the 
 Lord Jesus loves thee. But O the enemy is strong. 
 
207 
 
 but the Lord is stronger than he. Remember Job. 
 O how the enemy desired to have him." 
 
 Then her speech seemed to falter, but soon re- 
 covering, she proceeded thus: — "O how the enemy 
 comes in like a flood ; but the Spirit of the Lord will 
 lift up a standard against him. Great peace have all 
 they that love the Divine Law, and nothing shall of- 
 fend them." 
 
 Same day : — " Neither grace nor glory, nor any 
 good thing, will the Lord withhold from them that 
 love and fear him." 
 
 Soon after : — " Pain of body, but peace of mind. 
 O Father, how good thou art ; because of the savour 
 of thy good ointment, the virgin souls do love thee." 
 
 In the evening: — "My voice is going that I can 
 hardly speak. What a mercy that I have my senses. 
 The Lord's mercies are exceeding great. May I praise 
 him while I have a being." 
 
 To one who was much with her, on taking leave 
 going to bed: — "Farewell, my dear. May the Lord 
 bless thee, keep thee, and preserve thee every mo- 
 ment. He is the best Preserver." 
 
 About this time her weakness was so great that 
 it was with great caution and tenderness she could be 
 moved without occasioning fainting fits, in several of 
 which her friends thought her expiring. 
 
 At times she appeared to be in great pain, yet 
 through all manifested great composure and patient 
 resignation. A difficulty of breathing and oppression 
 at her breast, attended with a slight fever, and some- 
 times hard fits of coughing, was what she laboured 
 
208 
 
 under, so that she frequently requested the chamber 
 door to be opened. 
 
 Nature gradually weakened, and the lamp of life 
 but glimmered in the socket, now and then emitting 
 a clearer light, and again sinking almost to extinction. 
 
 2d Day, 14th. 
 
 "Father, be pleased to take me Into the arms of 
 thy mercy. I return thee thanks for the multitude of 
 thy favours. My tongue is too short to praise thee. 
 May all present join in the triumphant song — the tri- 
 umphant song." 
 
 To one who had the special care of her : — " Dear 
 
 Betsey, the Lord will bless thee. Don't look to man 
 
 for help, but look to the Lord, and he will bless thee 
 
 forever. 
 
 4th Day, 1 6th. 
 
 About this time, or it may be a little earlier, she 
 spake sensibly and pertinently to one of her family 
 whose welfare she had at heart, giving her good ad- 
 vice and caution, and left several sweet and comfort- 
 able messages to absent friends, whom she never ex- 
 pected to see again in mutability. 
 
 She ordered several legacies to be added to those 
 in her will, and having a concern on her mind for the 
 good of some who she was not likely to see, she de- 
 sired two in particular might be sent for, and when 
 they came, she was enabled to discharge herself in 
 much love and Christian meekness. 
 
 5th Day, 17th. 
 About 6 P. M. she was raised in her bed with 
 great difficulty, and being extremely weak, she audibly 
 
209 
 
 expressed: — '"The righteous hold on their way, and 
 men of clean hands grow stronger and stronger.' — 
 May you all grow strong in the Lord, and in the 
 power of his might." 
 
 Many savory sentences which she dropped are 
 omitted, as they were not penned at the time they 
 were spoken. Indeed, it may be said in truth, that 
 her heart seemed continually indicting good matter, 
 and when her speech almost failed, she had at times 
 utterance given to admiration, and (all vain boasting 
 apart,) her peaceful closing moments preached to the 
 bystanders, affording proof that she had not run in 
 vain, nor laboured in vain. 
 
 The fear and terror of death were removed, and 
 she met the awful messenger with that calmness and 
 peaceful resignation that is often vouchsafed in adora- 
 ble mercy to some of the Lord's chosen and faithful 
 servants. 
 
 On the dawn of day, having a glimpse of the 
 stars through the curtains, after a laborious night, she 
 said : — " The morning stars sang together, and all the 
 sons of God shouted for joy." 
 
 6th Day, i8th. 
 
 Being the day of her departure. As the day 
 broke she seemed as one waiting for the coming of her 
 Lord, her lamp trimmed and light burning. 
 
 On receiving something to take, she expressed 
 feelingly : — " Praise ye the Lord, for his mercies en- 
 dure forever." 
 
 A relation from the country coming in and draw- 
 ing to her bed, about two hours before she died, she 
 expressed great love for his wife and children, and 
 
 19 
 
210 
 
 said again : — " Praise ye the Lord, for my tongue is 
 too short to praise him." 
 
 A little after, in broken accents, the powers of 
 speech failing, moving her hand towards him, (I. L.) 
 she uttered with difficulty : — " He hath brought me to 
 his banqueting house, and his banner over me is love," 
 and on taking leave, desired he would give abundance 
 of love to his dear wife and friends that way. 
 
 This was an affecting scene to the friends and 
 all around her bed. 
 
 Within about an hour of her departure, she said : 
 "May the God of love and peace be with you all." 
 
 A little while after, she said : — "//'j all peace — 
 ifs all joy for evermore.^' 
 
 These were her last words, except desiring to be 
 turned, or motioning for a drop of water, or some- 
 thing of that kind. 
 
 Within a few minutes of her death, her speech 
 being gone, she motioned with her fingers for those 
 near her to come and take their leave. On their kiss- 
 ing her, she endeavoured to move her lips to several 
 in return, manifesting the strength of her love to the 
 
 last. 
 
 About half after eleven, in the forenoon, she fin- 
 ished her earthly course, without groan or struggle — 
 having been eminently favoured in every stage of her 
 illness, and also in the hour of death, by that Gracious 
 Hand that was her support and preservation through 
 hfe, and her defence and crown in the solemn, awful 
 conclusion. 
 
 Thus our endeared friend finished her earthly 
 pilgrimage in full age, as a shock of corn cometh in 
 
211 
 
 its season. Having maintained the warfare, she was 
 mercifully crowned with the victory over all her soul's 
 enemies. 
 
 It remains to add a word or two for the informa- 
 tion of those who were least acquainted with her, and 
 for the encouragement of humble travellers in suc- 
 ceeding days, who may be conflicting with the perils 
 of time, and continued to finish the momentous work 
 of their souls' salvation, that so they may be fitted for 
 an abundant entrance into their Heavenly Master's 
 Rest. 
 
 She was the daughter of George and Hannah 
 Emlen, born at Philadelphia, the ist of the nth mo. 
 1707-8. Her father died in 17 10, and she was care- 
 fully educated by her pious mother, being the seventh 
 of eight children her father left. 
 
 In 1728 she became the wife of our valued Friend 
 John Armitt, who deceased in 1762. Thenceforward 
 she remained in a single state. 
 
 In early life she was distinguished for circum- 
 spection of conduct, sweetness of disposition, gentle- 
 ness of manners, and comeliness of person. 
 
 Being favoured to choose that better part which 
 our blessed Lord spake of, she in future time was ren- 
 dered a bright ornament to our Christian profession, 
 conspicuous for love, charity, meekness. These, with 
 other spiritual graces, adorned her life, and gained her 
 general favour, both within and without the pale of 
 our religious community. 
 
 For the Truth, as its sanctifying operations in 
 devotedness of heart are submitted to and obeyed, 
 never fails to make its humble followers honorable in 
 
212 
 
 private life, and more openly in the view of all who 
 value Heavenly Wisdom for its innate perfections and 
 the benefits resulting to its happy possessors. 
 
 She was favoured with an even, peaceful progress 
 through a length of years ; favoured of her great Mas- 
 ter; happy in herself, because free from conscious 
 guilt. She passed the youth, meridian and decline of 
 life, but little ruffled with the adverse storms which 
 are so generally attendant upon worldly things. 
 
 Having no offspring of her own, she was exempt 
 from some of the cares and solicitudes which possess 
 a parent's breast; nevertheless she was as a parent 
 unto many, and failed not in the several duties incum- 
 bent on those who are entrusted with a charge so great 
 as nurturing souls for Heaven, and the Divine bless- 
 ing was not withheld from her pious endeavours for 
 the lasting benefit of those whose education fell with- 
 in her sphere. 
 
 Experience made her wise in the best sense. The 
 Law of the Lord was in her heart, and its happy in- 
 fluence was manifest; few of her steps did slide. 
 She loved the Lord, and feared before his Name — 
 therefore his promises were fulfilled to her. She was 
 fed inwardly and outwardly. His covenant was with 
 her, of life and peace. He gave them to her for the 
 fear wherewith she feared him, and was afraid before 
 his Name. 
 
 I am not disposed to over-rate her endowments. 
 Yet 'tis Apostolic advice, " Render honour unto whom 
 honour is due." It's true, she needs it not; she has 
 slept in Jesus, therefore has the Lord brought her 
 unto glory ! Nevertheless, many remain to tread the 
 
213 
 
 thorny paths through time. Let her example animate 
 — let her virtues encourage all — the youth especially. 
 
 The prize, the inestimable prize, is worth con- 
 tending for — at every expense, at all hazards — and 
 (through holy help, blessed be the Lord,) is attainable. 
 It will cost us something, yea, all worldly things, yet 
 the purchase even so were cheap. For, if haply we 
 are enabled to lay hold on eternal life, we shall pos- 
 sess what is above all price. But failing therein, 
 earth with all its perishing joys, and delusive, mo- 
 mentary delights and pleasures, will leave us wretched 
 — yea, most miserable indeed. ^ 
 
 I now return to the deceased. 
 
 Her light shone in life and in death — brightest at 
 the solemn close. She disclaimed all merit, yet was 
 made rich through free grace, for thereby alone she 
 was enabled to withstand, and having done all, to 
 stand ! She acknowledged her unprofitableness, but 
 was accepted in the beloved. Her works praise her 
 in the gate, and being dead, she yet speaketh, — and 
 what is the language of her life and death ? Go thou 
 and do likewise. Sell all, and thou shalt inherit eter- 
 nal life. 
 
 She died 6th day, i8th of the id month, 1791. 
 Her remains were accompanied to High Street Meet- 
 ing House, 2d day, the 21st, (having been an Elder 
 above forty years,) where the Master's presence was 
 vouchsafed to a crowded audience : Heavenly Bread 
 was dispensed to the multitude. Her example was 
 held up to surviving pilgrims, and the voice of the 
 Spirit was: — "Weep not for me, but for yourselves 
 and for your children." 
 
214 
 
 She was then respectfully attended to the grave, 
 and committed to the dust. 
 
 But her sanctified spirit has, we trust, ascended 
 unto Him who gave it — even to join that great multi- 
 tude which no man could number^ which that favoured 
 servant, John the Divine, saw before the Throne, of 
 all nations^ and kindreds^ and tongues^ and people^ with 
 this triumphant song : 
 
 ''AMEN ! BLESSING, AND GLORY, AND WIS- 
 DOM, AND THANKSGIVING, AND HONOUR, AND 
 POWER, AND MIGHT, BE UNTO OUR GOD, FOR- 
 EVER AND EVER. AMEN." 
 
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