fci ; 3 NEW YORK EW YORK — the Wonder City of the most wonderful century recorded in the history of human achievement ! Supreme from every point of view — save perhaps the matter of a few thousand in population — this gigantic and powerful aggregation of nearly five millions of human units domi- nates the civilized world of today without a rival. Here brain and brawn have gained the victory over every natural and artificial hindrance to the progress and development of a mighty community — one after another of seemingly unsolvable enigmas having been attacked confidently and solved triumphantly. The great bridges, skyscrapers, high-speed elevators, subways, river tunnels and elevated roads are the decisive answer of masterful American ingenuity to the multitudinous and vexatious problems brought into being by the presence of an enormous and ever-growing population congested upon and adjacent to the long and narrow island of Manhattan. The wealth accumulated in this great city exhibits striking totals almost beyond the capacity of the intellect to apprehend, even in these days of big events and big figures. The taxable real estate aggregates over $6,000,000,000, and the combined resources of the banks doing business daily is fully equal to this amount, with not less than $3,000,000,000 held on deposit. The actual total of currency in circulation in the NEW YORK of today is estimat- ed conservatively at $800,000,000 — an amount which, if piled in silver dollars, would makeover 12,000 stacks, each rising to the height of the beautiful Metropolitan tower. NEW YORK has been described aptly as a "City of Magnificent Dreamers" — men who dream with an absolute faith in no possible horizon to the glorious future of the mighty city in which they live, and justify this unshaken confidence with an unstinted outlay of vast sums on titanic public works and extraordinary private enterprises, serenely looking forward to the boundless development of their city toward a yet superior and yet more wonderful and progressive "LITTLE OLD NEW YORK." <§)© <§) published by L. H. NELSON COMPANY, Portland, Maine. PROPRIETORS OF NELSON S INTERNATIONAL SERIES OF SOUVENIR BOOKS. COPR.. 1905. 1906, 1907, 1908. 1909. BY L. H. NELSON CO.. PORTLAND, ME. 300TH THOUSAND. MULBERRY BEND PARK, running from Bayard to Park Street, and from Mulberry to Baxter Street, contains two and three-quarters acres of well-kept lawn. Innumerable seats, a rest house and fountain are provided for the comfort and pleasure of the people. BATTERY PARK is the name applied to the triangular green at the southern extremity of the city. From here a fine view of the bay may be obtained. The Battery Park contains twenty-one acres, is shaded by many trees, and has a broad walk along the sea wall. It is always thronged with immigrants and loungers. WASHINGTON SQUARE, at the beginning of 5th Avenue, is nine acres in extent. It was originally a Potter's Field, and later a camp ground during the Civil War. For over half a century it has been the chosen residential section of many old New York families, including the Stuyvesants, Rhinelanders, Potters, De Peysters, Coopers, and others. Their impressive old-fashioned brick mansions line the northern side of the Square. The stately Washington Arch, exquisitely modeled in marble from the design of the late Stanford White, was erected in 1889-92 to commemorate the inauguration of General George Washington as the first President. It cost $250,000. CITY HALL PARK is the center of political life in the great metropolis. Standing on the steps of the famous New York City Hall one gets a remarkable impression of the ceaseless energy of the city. Located near the entrance to Brooklyn Bridge, in close contact with Newspaper Row and the Post Office, and sur- rounded by many characteristic skyscrapers, this park is one of the most interesting places in New York. Probably at no other point are so many thousands of people in sight. Here is one of the more important stations of the Subway, and it was directly in front of the City Hall that the ground was first broken for the great undertaking. SUBWAY ENTRANCE, CITY HALL. The entrances and exits to the city's underground rapid transit system are a new feature of the streets of the metropolis. They are substantially built and of pleasing design. The herculean undertaking was completed in 1904. Ultimate cost, $60,000,000. Brooklyn Bridge is the terminal for all lines. Manhattan western section runs to Kingsbridge, eastern to Bronx Park. Brooklyn tunnel extends under Broadway to South Ferry, thence under East River to Atlantic and Flatbush Avenues. Manhattan and Bronx lines reach Yonkers and Williamsbridge. Various branches and loop-lines connect sections. Manhattan Life Building. MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY BUILDING. 66 Broadway, near Exchange Place. One of the tallest buildings in the city, having 23 stories, and towering 361 feet high. Very striking and ornate design. Home of the Man- hattan Life Insurance Company, organized 1850. Standard Oil Building. STANDARD OIL COMPANY BUILDING. Located at 26 Broadway, near Bowling Green. This structure has acquired fame as the headquarters of the gigantic trust which controls the petroleum industry of the world. The building is entirely occupied by the parent company or sub-companies which either produce, refine or transport oil or by-products. BROADWAY FROM CHAMBERS STREET. The great avenue of New York's business life. No other street in America can show such activity, such a variety of architecture, such throngs of people. The surface cars follow each other in a never-ending procession. Broadway starts at Bowling Green and extends to Yonkers, a distance of 14 miles. WALL STREET. The money center of America, the target of political tirades, the text for many a sermon. Fortunes made or lost every hour of the business day. In the center of the view is Trinity Church, at which point Wall Street begins, extending to the East River. The low building at the right is the U. S. Sub-treasury; the skyscraper beyond, the Gillender Building. -is ■ %t u ot ti 3 5h 2 °-= S?J= 11 Jo" lis 3^.a u P oo £ o§2 * ° • U £ e O 8.2 E — c — o oj u a 3 u s ■ <»'« ■ "O w „ Z " •£ < u g « 3 05*0 h > «.2 si! W 3 M O 3|J u " y o £ 05 2 > o£ • >■ - > - - « S - 3 2 --£ 4 S CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. North side of Liberty Street, corner of Liberty Place. Here is located the oldest commercial corporation in the United States, having been organized 1768. The building, of white Vermont marble with a granite base, was erected in 1902 and cost over $1,500,000. The main hall is 90x60 feet. HALL OF RECORDS. Chambers, Reade and Center Streets. A splendid fire- proof structure built of steel and Maine granite, for the safe-keeping of real estate deeds, mortgages, etc., of Manhattan Borough, also for Surrogates' Courts and City Offices. Erected 1904, and cost $5,000,000. PARK ROW ENTRANCE TO BROOKLYN BRIDGE during the rush hours offers a scene unequalled anywhere. Hundreds of thousands of human beings crush and struggle in the general mix-up of vehicles and trolley-cars, striving to board a home conveyance. The daily rush has been relieved to some extent since the opening of the Willamsburg and Blackwell's Island bridges, and will grow still less strenuous when the Manhattan bridge, now in process of erection, is completed. At the right in the view is the entrance to the tall Pulitzer Building, the home of the great newspaper, "The New York World." U. S. CUSTOM HOUSE, Bowling Green, foot of Broadway. Occupies an entire block, and was completed in 1907 at a cost of $7,200,000. This beautiful structure is the finest customs building in the world. Doric colonnades give a superb air of stateliness to the walls, and the cornice is embellished with statues emblematic of the great commercial nations. Larger groups representing the continents, America, Europe. Africa, and Asia, by Daniel C. French, flank either side of the main entrance. A cartouche emblematic of the American Nation, by Carl Bitter, is the crowning feature of the facade. Cass Gilbert, Architect. THE BOWERY. A thoroughfare of world-wide fame. It derived its name from the "bouweries" or farms between which it ran during the old Dutch days. In later years the lower end grew to be a series of dives, saloons, shows, etc., and became the favorite resort of a tough element. Here the peculiar type of swag- gering ruffian, "the Bowery Boy", was developed. The street has lost much of its former bad repute, and the "boy" has disappeared. The milder young toughs of today are in turn giving way to the frugal and good-natured German and Jew. Better shops are being opened year by year. The Bowery now boasts the largest savings bank in the world. LOOKING NORTH FROM 23d STREET. View looking up Broadway to the left and 5th Avenue to the right from the Flat Iron Building at 23d Street. Less than half a century ago this was largely a country district. The Times Building towers at the distant curve of Broadway almost obscured by the nearer huge bulk of the Hoffman House. The Waldorf shows prominently in the middle distance of 5th Avenue. This view includes the busiest hotel and shopping district of the great metropolis. r I THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE. Stretches from opposite City Hall Park to Fulton and Sand Streets, Brooklyn. This magnificent bridge was begun in 1870 and opened to the public in 1883. Cost $21,000,000. It consists of a central river span 1,595 feet long and two land spans, with a total length between terminals of 7,680 feet. The bridgeway carries two cable and two trolley car tracks, two wagon ways and a footpath. 4,000 cars and 2,000 vehicles pass east and west every day. The average number of passengers in twenty-four hours is 300,000. It is estimated that about 5,000,000,000 people have used this bridge since its opening. BLACKWELL'S ISLAND BRIDGE. This splendid example of cantilever bridge construction spans the East River from East 59th Street and 2d Avenue to Jane and Academy Streets, Long Island City. The bridge is supported by six masonry piers with a clear height over channels of 135 feet. Longest span 1182 feet. The entire structure is nearly 7700 feet in length — the longest bridge spanning the East River. It is provided with a roadway 53 feet wide, 4 trolley lines, 2 railroad tracks and 2 promenades. The bridge was completed in 1908 at a cost of over $25,000,000. BROADWAY AT 32d STREET. At no other point in the city except perhaps at the entrance to Brooklyn Bridge is street traffic so congested from time to time as at this busy corner. Surface cars moving in rapid succession on both Broadway and Sixth Avenue and the vast army of pedestrians and vehicles make this one of the most difficult crossings in New York. The view shows a station of the elevated road with entrances and exits and separate platforms for "up-town" and "down-town" trains. The elevated roads are now operated by electricity and consists of four main double-track lines and a few short branches. +* u a C O 1> j= O U > y O 3X u 3 3 3-.S o <. be— E «i n c «-o OA Q c c v J ■ 3 5 u o « 2 • e « o O w.tJ-Ji ° £ " 2 U~-~ — > - ~ - 2 5 " li i» < - a «§e . u 5s«S3 2 0.-= 3 J 9 ■ ■ S O 3 = OS U O « * H « c u « u aa5 3 S« 3 | a C "J! O. 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These fine buildings of brick, stone and terra cotta are located on Ellis Island, a small island between the Liberty Statue and the Communipaw shore. Here thousands of immigrants are received daily and passed into the United States. All steerage passengers are transferred from the steamers in which they arrive, and before they can land, must be examined as to their eligibility as citizens and be fully recorded. The Government never ceases to protect the immigrant until he is prepared to face the new conditions. Over 11,000,000 immigrants have entered the port of New York since 1880, and the annual average is about 600,000. THE NORTH RIVER. The name applied to the Hudson where it flows between the city and the Jersey shore. The available North River water front of New York is estimated to be about 13 miles. Below 43d Street on the New York side the shore is lined with great steamboat docks and warehouses, and ferry slips. The Jersey City and Hoboken side is equally crowded. Many of the famous translantic lines have docks on the Jersey shore. The amount of daily traffic on these waters is enormous. Big liners, tugs, ferries, and canal boats are continually passing. The great freight and passenger ferries of the Pennsylvania Railroad, which has a terminal in Jersey City, are a noticeable feature of every day life on the river. THE NEW YORK HIPPODROME, 6th Avenue, 43d to 44th Streets. The largest and most completely equipped playhouse in the world, having a seating capacity for 5,200 people. The enormous stage is capable of accommodating an army of performers. Beneath the apron of the stage is a concrete and steel tank, hence the entire front may be converted into a lake of real water for aquatic representations of every kind. The productions exhibited here are unparalleled for mag- nificence and grandeur, and the cost of the preparatory work of any undertaking runs into thousands. Nearly two millions of people have entered this great theatre since its opening. THE HOTEL ASTOR. Long Acre Square and 44th Street. Erected in 1904 by William Waldorf Astor. One of the most sumptuous hotels in the world. Built of absolutely fire-proof materials, contains six hundred guest rooms, large restaurants, grill room, palm garden, roof garden, etc. Great banquet halls, ball room and private dining rooms occupy an entire floor. One of the most interesting places in New York to visit is the wine cellar of Hotel Astor. £St S=l =/£=/£=/=? — ! — z=i c=t z=i r=J =i ( fc= : = i! £=7 r=? rr/ cr: / fc= ^ £=/£=/ ==/ s=.'f 6= p=i z=i z=3 esJj fee *-■»/ r-™/ «-—/ I i»»" , r C""* i/ r-r-f r-wmi i-n/ r-»( r-n I m ^m r/ mf Mb* Mat U4UHL4 U4 ua| U_\ tf \_»\ UBl P»l U_\ UU UU U4 U4 U-J U4 U4 Ul LB| Uil kU uH S UjLi kJB it io->t I— vj_\ KJMl V-M v-J-4 «-»t hoa) t-jm _-»'.. u4 »— « ulb'i U" ^ ^ U\ ^ tSl \— i_M '— *-M i— i A L_ UM UkJ I— J i — i U4 voai kJM UkW '.2 u 1 . 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THE BRONZE STATUE OF NATHAN HALE, by MacMonnies, is located in City Hall Park near the spot where Hale was hanged as a spy by the British during the Revolutionary War. THE MILLIONAIRES OF NEW YORK have contributed much toward beautifying the city by the erection of many magnificent residences. No city in the world can boast so many private palaces. They comprise all classes of architecture, utilizing the most substantial and costly building material. While the exteriors are frequently ornate and elaborate, the interior furnishings and decorations are luxurious in the extreme. Copyright, Irving Underhill, N. Y. RESIDENCE OF CHAS. M. SCHWAB. This magnificent architectural pile occupies a commanding position on Riverside Drive. It is unique because of the extent of lawn. Most New York houses, even those of the millionaires, are crowded together with little or no open land about them. But this residence occupies an entire square and is said to have cost five million dollars. CARNEGIE HOUSE. Fifth Avenue, 81st to 92nd Streets. Presented by Andrew Carnegie, the famous steel manufacturer and philanthropist, to his daugh- ter, Margaret Carnegie, as a birthday gift. The house is said to have cost three million dollars. It contains nearly one hundred rooms decorated in lavish style. J. P. MORGAN'S RESIDENCE AND LIBRARY, Madison Avenue and 36th Street. The home and private library of the great American master-financier. The residence is architecturally plain, but the library, built of Tennessee marble in Italian Renaissance style, is one of the most beautiful structures in New York. Here are housed Mr. Morgan's collection of priceless manuscripts and rare editions. The building has figured in the financial history of the country, for it was here the famous day and night conferences were held in October, 1907, which resulted in averting a world-wide panic. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, Morningside Heights, Broadway and Amsterdam Avenue, 116th to 120th Streets. New York's foremost educational institution founded as "King's College" in 1754, now occupies fifteen college buildings covering 18 acres. The central structure is the Low Memorial Library, erected by Seth Low in memory of his father. Cost $1,000,000. It contains 350,000 volumes. Other buildings are the University Hall, Schermerhorn Hall (biology) Have- meyer Hall (chemistry), the Physics Building, Earl, South and Fayerweather Halls, and the Engineering Building, containing the machinery needed in practical instruction. Copyright, Irving Underhill, N. Y. THE SPEEDWAY AND WASHINGTON BRIDGE. This well-constructed roadway on the western bank of the Harlem River was built exclusively for the speeding of horses in light harness. It cost $*,000,000, was four years in building, and is four miles long. Here speed trials are made every afternoon. The Washington Bridge crosses the Harlem River at 181st Street. It is a steel, iron and granite structure, costing $3,000,000, and is 2,384 feet long. GRANT'S TOMB. Claremont Heights, Riverside Drive, near 123d Street. This beautiful edifice, one of the largest monuments in the world, is 150 feet high and covers an area of 10,000 square feet, and is built of Maine white granite. The cost, $600,000, was raised by the Grant Monument Association by voluntary contributions from over 90,000 people. The memorial was dedicated by President McKinley in 1897. Over the portico are statues "Peace" and "Victory" by J. Massey Rhind. The remains of the great soldier and his wife lie in two red porphyry sarcophagi in a crypt under the dome. > 1 I