FOURTH CAMP Oregon State Officers' Training School AFFILIATED WITH The Military Training Camps Association j For Civilians-- Military Training on the Plattsburg Model Company of Engineers Digging in the Trenches Smiling as They Dig Fourth Officers' Training Camp ' AT THE UNIVERSITY OF OREGON The First Officers' Training Camp at the University of Ore- gon opened June 24. Accommodations and equipment were provided for only 150 men, half the present allotment, and the first camp was entirely unofficial in character. The purpose at the beginning was the comparatively modest one of training home guard officers, military instructors in schools, and civilians who expected to be drafted. It was supposed at the time that only a small portion of the men from the Camp would receive commissions iii the United States Army. The First Camp, however, was successful beyond the expec- tations and hopes of its organizers. It attracted at once what has been characterized as the finest body of men ever assembled on the Coast. Instead of appealing principally to college students and schoolmen, it was found that the membership was composed of leading businessmen, law yers, bankers, doctors, editors, clergy- men, as well as clerks, workmen and men in all ranks of life. Millionaires and mechanics worked shoulder to shoulder, bunked together in the barracks, and left together to become officers on the battlefields of France. The Government at once recog- nized the work by drawing upon the Camp largely for candidates for the central camps to take commissions in the infantry, artillery, machine gun and other branches of the service. Grad- uates of the Camp early demonstrated the value of their training, and drew from Central Camp commanders many compliments, for the Oregon institution. The Second and Third Camps, held in August and October, surpassed the First Camp in quality of personnel, in equipment, in the experience of the instructors, in the intensiveness of the instruction, and in the large proportion of the men taken immediately into the government service. The Fourth Camp starts as the official state training camp. The instructors include officers in the British, United States and Canadian Armies, the National Guard, and a corps of officers especially commissioned for the purpose by Governor James Withycombe. Technical training is given by especially selected University instructors. The Camp has been officially recognized as a member of the National Military Training Camps Associa- tion, and the appointing officers of that association have been granted power by the War Department to recommend men from this Camp to the central camps as soon as they qualify. In the Third Camp a large proportion of the men received their calls to the central camps before they had even completed the course. The camp has become one of the principal sources of supply for artillery officers in the West. Nearly 200 graduates, also, have been taken over to become Infantry officers. The Oregon Camp is unique in the West. There is no similar institution this side the Mississippi River. Requirements for Entrance Age — Eighteen or over. Education— Men with college training or engineering ex- perience are preferred, but any man with sufficient intelligence to grasp the work offered may be accepted. Mathematical training is a prerequisite for admission to the two Artillery companies. Health and Physique — It is recommended that applicants have a physical examination by a physician before enrolling, so that they may be sure of being able to endure the strain of the rigorous physical and mental work required. A further physical examination will be given on arrival, and a third on departure for the Central Camp. Are You in This List? The Fourth Oregon State Officers' Camp offers Military Training for: 1. Men of Class one. It will make possible their admission to a Central Camp at which a commission may be immediately obtained. 2. Business and professional men and others of deferred classification. It will enable them to put themselves into a high state of physical and military preparedness ready to train home guard and militia units, ready for early promotion in case they enter the army, ready to accept appointments to Central Offi- cers' Training Camps if they desire appointment. 3. Home guard officers and men. It will enable them to raise their units to a higher state of efficiency. Many such officers attended previous camps, ranking from colonels down. 4. High school teachers. It will enable them to introduce military training into their schools or increase its efficiency where it has already been introduced. Many superintendents and principals have already taken the course. 5. Scout leaders. It will give them new ideas in leadership. Do You Realize The Value Of This Training? 1. Military Drill and Parade. Prepares for patriotic service. You become part of the reserve strength of the nation. Strengthens the body; gives alertness to the mind. Teaches obedience, and, what is harder, the art of command. Adds dignity and force to the bearing, self confidence and clearness to the voice, keenness to the eye. Un- equalled for cultivating presence of mind, and necessary for success in i in \ . 2. Principles of Campaigning. Care for large bodies of men on the march and in camp. Sanitation. Hygiene. Transport. Woodcraft. Scouting. Information service. Security. The art of building up morale. Discipline. 3. Tacticr, and Strategy. Lectures and discussions on the theory and practice of warfare, and the actual working out in the field of tactical and battle problems. Makes clear many things that are mysterious to the civilian. 4. Field Engineering. Includes the actual construction of trenches, trench systems and bridges, barbed wire entanglements and other obstacles, dug-outs and shelters, and the engineering side of sanitation. Road malting and railway work. 5. Signaling. The army's various means of transmitting intelli- gence, particularly the semaphore and wig-wag codes. 6. Topography. Trains the observation and the judgment The basis of scouting and strategy. Includes map reading, map making and the rough typo of surveying used in military campaigns. Landscape sketching, estimating distances. Necessary for all live branches of the 7. Musketry. The control of fire and fire discipline. The art of making mass fire effective. The use and care of the modern rifle, with ample target practice on the range. 8 Mathematics. For those who desire it. Mathematics is the basis Of the work of the officer in heavy and field artillery. Of all branch of the army, the artillery is at present making the strongest bids for officers. Men with some knowledge of mathematics are likely to be in demand as long as the war lasts. 9 Camouflage. Your life and the lives of others mav depend upon your ingenuity in devising means of concealment. ' P 10. First Aid. A course likely to be useful to you ut some time. Prompt first treatment in case of wounds and accident. How to do the right thing and do it in time. 11. Physical Training. This phase of the camp alone ought to justify the attendance of the average man, even if there were no patriotic reason for preparedness. If you are an in door man, the purpose of the four weeks' course is to make an out-door man of you. Your work all through the year will be better for it. The work will be heavy and continuous, but physicians and expert physical directors will be on hand to prevent you from overdoing in the early stages of the hardening process. At the end of the course your strength and endurance should have increased greatly. 12. Officers' School. Special problems for officers. Tin' advance by rushes. Judging distance. Company paper work. Military courtesies and the duties of an officer. 13. Military Organization. The organization of tho United States Army. The organization of the staff and the various departments and services. Army records and reports and the duties of platoon and company officers. • 14. Gas School. School of poison gases, means of detection, of launching and prevention. Gas drill with masks. 15. Trench Warfare. This subject comprises raiding parties, rc- connoitering patrols, wire cutting patrols, the effects of shell fire, Very light and other illuminations, taking over of sections of trenches, listen ing posts, sniping, intelligence work and camouflage. 10. French. Class in "Trench French" for beginners. Advance course if need justifies. 17. Machine Gunnery. A thorough course in the use of the various machine guns and automatic rifles. The camp has the use of two of the new Browning machine guns, with which students actually lefirn to shoot on the range. 18. Military Law. A brief study of military law and the organiza- tion and procedure of court martial. 19. Bombing and Bayoneting. A complete study of the modern bayonet system now used by the countries at war, with a thorough practice in the United States system and the method of teaching it. A study of the explosives and mechanical features used in the grenades of all the more important countries as well as the practice of the methods of throwing. 20. Rules of Land Warfare. Some of the military principles the civilized world is trying to teach the Germans. Military Life Strict military discipline is observed at the camp. A sol- dierly bearing and military precision in every way is insisted upon. Barracks life and post and camp administration La eon ducted as in the United States Army. Practice marches into the hills come every week. Problems in mimic warfare are worked out frequently. Theoretical positions are carefully reeonnoitered, advanced upon by rushes under protection of covering fire and finally taken by very realistic bayonet charges. The last week is spent almost wholly in the field. Nights are spent in the trenches, where trench warfare in its many phases of raiding parties, scouting patrols, listening posts, "Very" lights, and wiring squads is effectively simulated. Several days are spenl in the hills where battle problems on a large scale are worked out, and camps are laid out and guarded as on a campaign. The health of the men at the camp is constantly guarded. Medical inspections are frequently made by the camp physician and a physical director is on the alert to prevent injuries from accident and over-exertion. There is a sick call every morning. As nearly as possible the conditions under which the men live approximate that of the barracks of a training camp. Reveille is sounded at 6:00, ,and taps, at which all lights are out, at 10:00. General leave is granted from Saturday noon until taps Sunday night, and special furloughs when requested with sufficient reason. LIEUTENANT COLONEL JOHN LEADER The Staff LIEUTENANT COLONEL JOHN LEADER Commandant Colonel Leader came to the University of Oregon upon the recommendation of the British War Office. He is ;i graduate of the Royal Military College of England and has hud twenty- three years of experience in the British Army. He lias served in every campaign undertaken by tile British Governmenl during thai time, including the Boer war and the Boxer troubles. He has been attached to many foreign armies as militarj observer, including the Japanese army during the Russo-Japanese war and the German army. On several occasions he lias been detailed to train foreign troops. At the outbreak of the present, war lie was commissioned to recruit a regiment in Ireland. This regiment he trained and officered with cadets whom he also trained, and led to France, where, as a part of the famous Ulster division, it was fairly wiped out in the early days of the battle of the Somme, in an action which has been characterized as the greatest deed of the war. Colonel Leader was himself broken down by the campaign, and after iths in the hospital was pr lUnced UnfM for further active war service. When he learned of the need in Oregon for a man to help train officers for the United States Army he declined tempting offers at home and in Egypt and came here, where he believes he can help the most toward winning the war. Colonel Leader is commandant of the camp, lectures on military subjects each day, and supervises the entire course. COLONEL WILLIAM H. C. BOWEN, U. S. A. Inspecting and Examining Officer Colonel Bowen has had many years of experience in the United States Army, in this country and in the Philippines. He .served against the Plains Indians, took part in the Spanish- American war, and in the Phillipinc insurrection. Colonel Bowen is detailed to the University of Oregon hy the War Department as Commanding Officer of the Student Army Training Corps. The staff includes a number of members of the University faculty who are experts in their special subjects, an artillery officer of the Army, a Canadian officer with experience on the Western Front, a machine gun expert, officers of the state ser- vice, and others. The Cost Will Be Kept Down The cost of the four weeks' encampment will be confined to the men's actual living expenses. The University will furnish the equipment and pay the instructors. Hat ions and housing and care for the four weeks, together with the use of the University facilities, will cost $05.00, or less than the average man of officer type spends at home in a similar period. Men will be housed in suitable barracks, officially inspected. Lockers, shower baths, swimming pool, running track, ball coin-Is, apparatus and athletic fields will be at the disposal of the train ing battalion. Men should provide themselves with regulation uniform which should be worn at all times. Regulation uniform is as follows: 1. Riding breeches, 0. D. or khaki. Coat to match. 3. Shirts, O. D. or khaki. 4. Leggins, canvas. 5. Campaign hat. 6. Webbing belt. 7. Tan shoes. 8. Hat cord, red, white anil bine. 9. Insignia, University Seal Medallions, to be worn on coat 10. Rain coat or slicker. Soap, towels and toilet articles are provided by each man for himself. Three wool blankets suitable to be taken into the fiold are required. Sheets, pillow, pillow slips must be brought by each man for himself. It is suggested that men playing musical instrumentc bring them. They will be useful at evening concerts and sing-songs. Men who play baseball, football or other games should bring gloves, etc. A change of shoes and plenty of wool socks are recommended. During this period last year the University Battalion drilled out of doors nearly every day without interference from rain. It will be well, however, to be provided with a change of clothing, particularly for the feet. The Eugene Armory, a fine large build- ing, and the University drill hall are available for use on rainy days. Special programs of work which can be done indoors are reserved for any wet days which may occur. Your Legal Status No enlistment or promise of enlistment is required for admittance to the Camp. There will be no discrimination against the man who is taking the work for the improvement of his health. It will be assumed that every man has some worthy and patriotic end in view and that military preparedness in times like these is worth while for its own sake. Men need not accept appointment leading to a commission unless they want to. The University makes no promise to include any graduates of the camp in any succeeding University quotas for officers. Men must make good in order to be recommended for commis- sions. Neither the University nor anyone else is authorized to pre- dict on behalf of the War Department what method will be used in the future for selecting men for commissions. The fact stands out, however, thai the army finds difficulty in getting fully qualified men for officers, and that this difficulty is in- creasing, and is likely further to increase. The well qualified man is sure to be needed. In the past the graduates of the train- in;;' camp have received c missions by the hundreds. Men who are desirious of obtaining a University degree may count their work in the camp, if satisfactorily done, as nine term hours of University credit. \ certificate stating that one has successfully completed the work of the course, and listing the subjects covered, signed by the President of the University, the Commandant, and the Ex- amining Officer, is given all who complete the work of the camp satisfactorily. Letters of recommendation will also be written for men applying for examination for commission. Recreation Evening games of baseball and tennis, swimming, and camp- fire sing-songs bring one back to school and college days. A dance each Friday evening, and Sunday evening lunches give opportunity Eor social enjoyments as also do Sunday tramps. The Eugene Commercial Club and the Golf and Country Clubs have placed their rooms, equipment and facilities at the disposal of the men of the camp. These facilities for enjoyment include golf links and tennis courts, which the men may use in their spare time. Opportunity Opens As this bulletin goes to press telegraphic calls to the Uni- versity for men for immediate entrance to officers schools could not, be completely filled. Over 25 men from the Third Camp have either been commissioned outright, or sent to Central Oft'i- cers Training School, nearly a week before the close of the camp. Over 200 men from the First and Second Camps have already gone to Central Camps, and many more have been called for later dates or have not yet been notified. These men are without exception making good. The announcement has been made that over 100,000 officers will be needed by the Army before next spring. A very large number of these must necessarily be drawn from civilian life. There will be almost unlimited opportunity in the army for the man who is prepared. It is of immense advantage to any man applying for a commission, or even entering the army in the ranks, to have had military training such as is offered at this camp. Previous training is absolutely essential to obtaining a commission in some branches of the service. Any man who is contemplating entering service will do well to prepare himself in advance for the strenuous competition of the Central Officers' Training Schools by a course at the Oregon State Officers' Train- ing Camps. Applications are accepted with the understanding that they may be withdrawn in case peace is declared before the camp opens, or in case the war situation becomes such that there is no longer need for additional officers. For application form and further information which may be desired, address the Adjutant, Officers' Training School. Uni- versity of Oregon, Eugene. University of Oregon Leaflet Series