Neglected • • (3neyIsland 4 ■ izx IGtbrtfi SEYMOUR DURST -f ' fort nltvw t im/ferdan ej> Jt Man&atans When you leave, please leave this book Because it has been said "Ever thing comes ( him who waits Except a loaned book." oy AVI RY AlU III 11(11 KAI WDllM AIMS LlURARY (ill I 01 Si YMoi'k \i. Di km ()i i) York LIBRARY fteglectefr UfcSSVCS in ISSUED BY THE WEST END IMPROVEMENT LEAGUE OF CONEY ISLAND NEGLECTED CONEY ISLAND HE present movement to restore to the people their rights to the beach-front and to advocate the con- struction of an immense boardwalk or ocean promenade, was inaugurated some four years ago by the West End Improvement League, and has been gathering force since its inception. The shame of absolute neglect and the evident desire or intent to totally ignore the conditions generally had roused up some of the folks that had come to the west end to live and to erect homes. Like all other bodies of a similar character the organizers were beset by political interference and hampered by the indifference of those w hom they would serve. In the face of determined effort, however, the opposition and indifference was worn down to a negligible quantity and until now, in the late summer of 191 2, the steadfast ones of the League may well feel that their efforts are soon to be crowned with fruition. Such being the case, a brief resume of the conditions that beset the paths of the men who stood by the movement may not be out of place. Some eighteen years ago, His Honor, the present mayor of the City of New York, performed at Coney Island a service that started him on his public career, but on one, however, that concerned only the political situation. It gave no consideration to the physical and moral necessities. Since that time Coney Island has been, on separate occasions, a portion of the former City of Brooklyn, and later, by the provisions of the Consolidation Act, merged with the City of Greater New York. During those periods and until recently the West End section was in its original condition, an area of sand dunes and a few scattered houses and three or four eleemosynary institutions. Ignored and neglected as it was, a large number of families, recognizing the natural advantages of the section, its abundance of pure air and sunshine, and appreciating the great possibilities for physical cleanliness afforded by the ocean, had built their homes there. The advantages observed by the home builders were also noted by the general public, and as a sequence, the rearing of hotels, bathing establishments and other speculative investments had soon capitalized all of the natural advantages for the benefit of the few and to the exclusion of the many. This action by the speculatively inclined, and that only, led to the prosecution of the great work that is now about to be consummated. The beach must be free, the great natural highway must be unobstructed, and rage Thru there must be streets leading to the sea that are wide, sanitary and properly kept. These are but natural facil- ities, facilities that every community should have and every taxpayer enjoy. Given that the members of the West End Improvement League will be satisfied. They simply desire to gain what belongs to them, in com- mon with the general public, for not a person identified with the movement owns a foot of the ocean-front property. The carrying out of all that is desirable in the comprehensive plan advanced by the League requires, also, some attention to the section south of Surf avenue and lying between it and the ocean, the far-famed but al- ways notorious "Bowery." The evils of the Bowery section are a menace alike to the charitable institutions with their dependent children and to the resident population with their school children. The juxtaposition of such moral extremes is inharmonious, and it is a case of the elimination of the Bowery or both the others. Pictures 10, n, 12 and [3 show the beach south of the Bowery section. This is the congested area. Here is where all that is objectionable in Coney Island is massed together in one noxious heap. Let us dwell briefly upon the conditions that obtain. The beach is hemmed in on the westerly side by the Steeplechase barrier (plate 10), and on the easterly side by Peterson's barrier (plate 13). These barriers are so constructed that it is necessary to go around them through dee]) water to reach the beach on the other side. The only other outlet for the people shown in the picture is through the narrow alleys leading to the Bowery. With this mass of humanity here and in the event of a lire on the Bowery, there are broad chances for a panic or even holocaust. This is "no-man's land," the "land of no rule," although the sign in plate ten indicates that it is "Private Beach," and "No Person Is Allowed To Undress On This Beach." It is not the indecency of the act of undressing that here troubles the Beach Baron. Fie is concerned only with the loss of his revenue. Mere on this beach, the openly indecent conduct of couples almost forces the conviction that dive keepers are public benefactors. Without public comfort stations, many hundreds of men, women and children are compelled to seek the shadows beneath buildings and walks to answer the calls of nature. Without police surveillance — no police are shown in the pictures — all manner of indecencies in dress and conduct go unchecked. Page Four PLATE ONE Taken from West Thirty-seventh Street. Lookinc; Kast. The extreme westerly end of Coney's beach, adjoining Sea Gate at West Thirty-seventh street. Hows under the buildings shown and strikes with great force against the bulkhead. The water at higrh title Page Fire All that is here described is open to the sky and all may see; in fact, all must see! But let us go through these narrow alleys leading to the Bowery and note what is only partially concealed. The low, shanty buildings lining both sides of these walks are the hiding places of crime and of criminals. Here are committed the full calendar of crimes that force a community to build and support criminal courts, jails, states-prisons, hospitals, asylums, poor-houses and Potter's fields. Here is where a few drops of chloral dropped into an otherwise innocent drink, will leave a girl victim at the mercy of her male companion. And the next morning the cormorants of the neighborhood may gloat over an added source of revenue. Nestling in here, surrounded by the red-light's glare, and seemingly out of place, is a little dry-goods store. Ask the why of one of the knowing ones and he will tell you. This is where a young girl, after making her first misstep, is fitted out in the gaudy finery of her new occupation, paying for it out of the earnings of her pros- titution. The first responsibility for the gathering of vice in this section is properly placed upon the absentee land- lord. Several of these Barons are members of your churches and no doubt drop some of this tainted money in your collection plates on Sunday, calling, according to the usual custom, on the dive keeper on Monday that he may replenish his hoard. These men know the character of their tenants and the trade they follow. And they, too, are known and can be named. Owners here, doing business with their names over their establishments, generally stand for decency. But look over the domain of the absentee landlord. Note that his land is leased, for the most part, to some ig- norant, debased foreigner of a class who never will be citizens and who never can be assimilated by our institu- tions. Brewers' money, loaned on lease-hold mortgages, built these shacks and shanties. W hat fortifies these three cowards, the landlord who hides bis name, the brewer who would fear for his investment, and the foreigner who would fear our laws, that they are so flaunting and defiant in their trans- gression ? Standing alone and without the protection of "the system," would they not disappear upon the first cry of the ordinary citizen? The responsibility for the physical condition that fosters this vileness must be placed upon the Board of Estimate. A generation ago the City of New York was confronted with a like condition in the Five Points Page Six plate two Taken from West Thirty-third Street, Looking West. Note the continuous bulkhead on the high-water line. Every inch of land is utilized, and the price charged for access to the ocean by the "Beach Barons" insures exclusiveness. Page Seven section and it solved the problem by cutting a street through the vile area. Why not solve this by building a boardwalk ? We are xot professional reformers, neither do we claim to be philanthropists. We are simply busi- ness MEN WHO II AVE CIIOSEX THIS WEST END SECTION OF CoXEV ISLAXD AS A PLACE OF RESIDEXCE FOR OUR- SELVES AND OUR FAMILIES. In the foregoing paragraphs, some of the objectionable features have been shown in a manner that but leads up to the real conditions. W hile there is much to be condemned, there is also much to be commended. In ibis latter class is the Sea Breeze Home, an all year 'round hospital maintained by the Xew York Society for the Improvement of the Condition of the Poor. The home is located at Twenty-eighth street and is shown in the plate captioned "Smiling Joe's Beach." The hospital is an experimental institution for the treatment of children suffering with tuberculosis of the bone, glands and spine. The association sends thousands of mothers and children from congested tenements each year for a one. two or three weeks' vacation at the beach. At Sea Breeze there is an abundance of sunlight, fresh air and bracing salt breezes, and the beach is always an alluring playground. Here the association has for seven years demonstrated the efficacy of treating at the seaside cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis in children. The hos- pital was started in 1904 in tents on the sand, but was soon transferred to the building where at this writing forty-three little girls and boys are living demonstrations that tuberculosis of the bones, joints and glands can be thoroughly cured by the constant sea air, good food and proper attention from doctors and nurses. Other institutions of great good are the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum summer home, Plate Five, and the Health Homes of the Xew York Children's Aid Society, shown on Plate Seven. These last named institu- tions are operated only in the summertime, but from year to year are extending the length of each season. In a small way these associations manage to restrict the beach from private encroachment, but a careful consider- ation of the interests of their own charges makes necessary an attempt to keep their reservations free from the general public. I 'age Eight PLATE THREE TAKEN FROM WEST T II I RTY-T 1 1 1 RI) STREET, LOOKING EAST. The jetties, bulkheads and exclusiveness are still with us. All the beach shown is under water at hi^h tide, and none 1 "toll payers" may use it. Page N OUR hundred thousand people visit this beach on Sundays and holidays and the special attractions are the Air, the Ocean and the Sunshine, yet these are apparently farmed out to the tax-gathering "Beach Barons," and they certainly have capitalized them. Take a look at our pictures of the beach ! The entire set was taken on Sunday, July 28, 1912, when the tide was at extreme low mark. This means that nearly every foot of the beach front shown is under water at high tide; that the promenaders shown in the pictures must retreat within the building's or to Surf avenue when the tide is high, and that the land claimed by The People, between high and low water, with but few exceptions, is theirs now for the little use they can make of it. The encroachment of the ocean and the necessity for the jetties shown in pictures one, two and three have been synchronous with the dredging of Ambrose Channel. With the City control of this Beach the encroachment mentioned can be overcome by the erection of one large jetty at the Sea Gate end of this channel and all other jetties can then safely be demolished. It is necessary to be a guest of one of the hotels along this strip indicated in pictures one, two and three to get even a glimpse of the Ocean. This rule applies along the whole length of the beach, with but few ex- ceptions. The fact is, there is but one street that is physically and legally opened from Surf avenue to the beach — West Twenty-third street. West Tenth street is privately owned, and is closed in on both sides by barriers. West Twenty-first street is some two hundred feet short of reaching the beach. All other access to the beach is through narrow, pri- vately owned alleys leading to "toll gate" hotels and pavilions at the beach end. Everything here, physical, moral and political, is haphazard. There is no comprehensive scheme of devel- opment. All previous administrations of the city government have trifled with the situation. The present administration of the City Government, notwithstanding the fact that it has had many weighty problems to dispose of, has given more attention to Coney Island than all previous administrations combined. In response to an appeal made by this League on the fourth day of January of this year, there was appointed a Special Committee composed of Comptroller Prendergast, President of the Board of Aldermen Mitchel and Borough President Steers, to investigate and report as to the physical requirements of Coney Island. 1'ayc Ten I'l.ATK 1'OL'R Taken at West Thirtieth Street, Looking East. The building shown in the picture extends some fifty feet into the water at high tide, and its exclusiveness is somehwat inter- fered with because of access to the beach through a narrow right-of-way. fag? /:/«"■«• ii This committee gave a hearing-, on February 7, iy 12, at the Comptroller's office, on the subject of a board- walk for Coney Island's beach. Up to the present writing no report has been made. At this hearing one of the committee expressed his views in the following language: "The bare situation is that you Coney Islanders wish this improvement because it will help you commercially. Is it fair to ask the city to bear all the expense of an improvement which is simply intended for the commercial profit of a few peo- ple?" Also: "As a member of the Hoard of Estimate I am absolutely opposed to charging the improvement against the city." This League desires to again emphasize the fact that no member thereof has any interest in property lo- cated on this beach and that it has no personal interest in the manner of assessment. The claims of this League are that the land between low and high water is common land and that the beach should be a broad public highway. To meet this requirement the City of New York should acquire by condemnation or cession that strip of land lying between the high-water line of the Atlantic Ocean and a parallel line one hundred and sixty feet upland of the said high-water line and extending from the Dreamland property to West Thirty-seventh street, together with all rights to the land under water contiguous thereto. That a boardwalk be built sixty feet in width and covering the further upland portion of the area first mentioned. That the land and boardwalk when built be put under the control of the Park Department. That the boardwalk be built of a height above grade level to permit of a basement story to all buildings abutting on the land side of the boardwalk. That the entire beach be kept free from all obstructions to the view from this boardwalk. That all streets be opened to the boardwalk. That Coney Island be put within the fire limits. That the entire environment be made morally clean. The language of the member of the Committee quoted in a previous paragraph leaves the impression that the city would start this enterprise but for the consideration of costs. The committee need fear no genuine opposition from the "Beach Barons." These people well know that their remaining land will more than double in value. They will make all manner of stipulations and conditions Page Twelve I'a^f Thirteen as to the plan of the walk, the right to build piers and buildings on the ocean side of the walk, and the mode of assessment for cost ; and any proposition to dicker with them for the cession of their property will end in fiasco. They will submit survey maps showing that their land formerly extended several hundred feet ocean wards of the present high-water line and they will submit photographs of buildings with considerable free beach in front, and they will show other photographs of the same buildings now partially under water. Then they will quote the opinion of the Corporation Counsel given in reference to the city land now under water in front of the Parkway I laths and claim the right of redemption. They will revive their scheme of building this board- walk some three hundred feet from shore, thus obliterating all beach that they may grab the intervening land on which to erect buildings. The conditions pictured and described herein call for prompt action. The Hoard of Kstimate. by follow- ing the Charter provisions and at once appointing a commission in condemnation for this strip of land, setting the area and mode of assessment as may seem just and equitable, can do much to eliminate the vileness com- plained of and at once wipe away the shame of past neglect. To offset the opinion held by a number of public officials that this boardwalk was but a local requirement, this League, during the summer, entered into this publicity campaign. Twenty-four thousand post card petitions for this boardwalk, addressed to the members of the Hoard of Estimate Committee, were printed and offered to the visiting public for their signatures. On Sunday, August 4th, ten thousand of these petitions were signed in two hours, and (hiring the following week the remaining fourteen thousand were signed. This public response surely indicates that the masses from all over the city not only desired a boardwalk, but that they readily agreed by their actions that the proposed walk was not a local but a great general improvement. W e are now making a further appeal for moral support and assistance. This time such appeal is made to thinking members of this community, to clergymen, to settlement workers, to civic organizations, and to de- cent folk generally. In appealing to this class vve do not think it is necessarv to enlarge upon the possibilities of this beach lor the health and enjoyment of the community. This initial plan is offered as a foundation on which they may devise the superstructure. I'd'/e Vourltin The general scheme of a boardwalk as proposed by the West End Improvement League is as follows: 1 That the city acquire by condemnation or cession that strip of land lying between the high water line of the Atlantic Ocean and a parallel line f60 feet upland of the said high water line and extending from the Dreamland property to West 37th Street, together with all rights to land under water^ojitiguous^thereto^ gQ ^ |n wjd(h anrf covering , he further upland portion of the area first mentioned. 3' That the land and boardwalk when built be put under the control of the Park Department. t. That the boardwalk be built of a height above the grade level to permit of a basement story to all buildings abutting, on the land side of the boardwalk. 5. That the entire beach be kept free from all obstructions to the view from this boardwalk. 6. That all streets be opened to the boardwalk. 7. That Coney Island be put within the fire limits. Page Sixteen /'.!.;■• \. ; enleen It upon the perusal of this booklet you find yourself in sympathy with the movement, send in your name and an acknowledgement of your willinj^ness to serve on our Citizens' Committee. yours sincerely, West Knd Improvement Leac.ue op Coxev Island 1 President Secretary Surf Ave. and \Y. 24th St., Conev Inland. X. Y. PLATE SEVEN T.\KEN I 'ROM W'l-.ST TWENTY-TII IRD STREET, LOOKING EAST. The property of the New York Children's Aid Society. The fence is erected along the high-water line. West Twenty- third street is open to the beach and the people have taken advantage of it. Here they have the land between high and low water, but is it sufficient, and what purpose does it answer when the tide is high? M\ X a meagre sense, the methods at Sea Breeze are well ll^^flll^y illustrated by the photos showing the institutions best ^«wi^J known case "Smiling Joe." The latter, while in no sense — the most remarkable ease treated under the system adopted, won for himsell the sobricpiet he bears by reason of the faet that no matter what pain he endured, a bright smile always wreathed his features. The two smaller reproductions show the little fellow while undergoing treatment strapped to a "Bradford Frame," and at a later period, enjoying the ozone from off the great and broad Atlantic. The larger picture shows a grotipe of little patients taking open air treatment on a bright, crisp, cold day in winter; a silent but forceful tribute to the justice of the claims made for Coney Island as a health resort whose benefits are free to those who will but partake of them whether in the torrid heat of the summer, or w hile Old Boreas sings his wild songs in the frigid months of the year. I'aije Twenty A- K i-'^ht Taken from West Twenty-second Street, Looking East. The foreground is the property of the Brooklyn Children's Aid Society and the public is excluded In a wire fence extending into the ocean. The front of Hering's Hotel on the extreme left of the picture is the high-water line. Page Twenty-out A rE nine Taken from West Twentieth Street, Looking East. The owner of the foreground, Mr. Ravenhall, has shown good business judgment in keeping his buildings back of the high- water line. The building and barbed wire fence extending into and beyond low water is the westerly barrier of the "Steeple- chase" and to reach the beach on the further end it is necessary to either swim around or make a detour of four thousand feet by way of Surf avenue. Cage Twenty-two PLATE TEN TAKEN FROM THE FOOT OF KENSINGTON W.M.K, LOOKING WEST. The easterly "Steeplechase" barbed wire barrier. Between this and No. Nine there is about six hundred feet of front that can only be reached by paying toll to the "Steeplechase." ocean /'€»•/«" Ttvi'iily-thrcc What Others Say The following is from the Daily Standard Union editorial of February 15, 191 1. "A Municipalized Coney Island:" The question of making Coney Island the playground which nature intended is a large one. New York City, not a collection of individuals with thought of profits tomorrow and none for a generation hence, should take charge. The possibilities are unlimited and they can be only realized by a comprehensive municipal scheme. If rich profits are returned from the variegated amuse- ments there at present, its sections with tawdry and ram- shackle buildings, its spots which smell of low life, its gen- eral hodgejx>dge arrangement, its sheep run alleys, its ob- structed beach, its countless faults, what would be the value of such a site laid out with taste, system and a proper regard for the wants of all classes of citizens? It is an unworked gold mine which the city should take over and exploit. It is the people's pleasure ground with advantages even now which are not found in or near any large city on the globe. The Church of the Ascension 5 avenue and io street New York, August 30. 1012. Mr. James A. McDonald, Secretary, Brooklyn, New York. Dear Sir: On the one occasion 1 visited Coney Island I was aston- ished at the way in which cheap little structures covered up the beach. I could not help contrast it with the splendid beach at Revere, some eight or ten miles out of Boston, which the state has protected for public use. even building rather mag- nificent public bath houses. If the West End Improvement League of Coney Island contemplates recovering the beach for public use. and making Coney Island an attractive resort, instead of a grotesque col- lection of freak entertainments. I am very heartily in favor of the work of your association and w ill do what I can to as- sist it. Yours very truly. Percy T. t iran r. Society of Inner Mission and RESCUE Work Incorporated "our children and oi k girls" Rev. \ . A. M. Moktknsi.n, President, 51 > l'ine Street. New York Office: 56 l'ine Street Children's Mission Hall. No. 1. New York _'<>8 I lamilton Ave.. Brooklyn September 3. 101 _•. Mr. James A. McDonald. Sec. West End Improvement League. Surf Avenue and West -'.jtli Street, t 1 me\ Island. N. Y. Dear Sir: J fully concur in the view that the waterfront should be public propertj for the tree use of everyone who will behave I'oye Twenty-four decently, but I am sorry to say that my observations have led me to believe that at present Coney Island is not a place where I could advise people to go, especially Sunday afternoon. The scenes along the beach as I have seen them twice on Sunday afternoon are almost beyond description, and not conductive to morality. Therefore, many of those who should be benefited do not go there, as they do not want their chil- dren and young people to see the scenes enacted. The nudity and improper behavior of many of the people there are, mildly speaking, shocking. The police does not enforce the law along the beach ; in fact, when I visited the beach I have not seen a policeman there. So far in regard to the conditions on the beach, then Coney Island itself. The scenes of depravity seen on the streets there ; the class of resorts in certain places; the open transgression of the law ; the suggestive and filthy picture machines ( penny-in-the- slot machines ) along Bowery ; the fortune-telling establish- ments and so-called concert halls, are certainly not things or places where one can advise people to go. I consider Coney Island at present a most dangerous place for young people, especially girls. The police there seem to utterly disregard their duty in keeping order and forbidding illegal resorts. As Coney Island is today, I consider it a blot upon civilization and a disgrace to New York. I fully agree that the beach should be cleared as in your scheme for a boardwalk, but I also believe that Coney Island should be made a wholesome place, where decent people could go without hesitancy as to what they may hear and see, and where a young lady could go without danger of being assaulted The rowdyism that is permitted to exist in Coney Island at night is almost beyond description. The scenes that can be witnessed there after midnight hours one would hardly be- lieve possible in a civilized country. If you really stand for improvement of these conditions, I am with you and our Society will be with you, and I will more than gladly serve on any committee and act in unison with you. But I am frank to say that I have found that a good deal of promised improvement in Xew York has ended in air. What we need is systematic and energetic work, not spasmodic nor fanatical. And if this is what the League stands for I shall be glad to co-operate with it in every way possible, as our Society is fighting the evils of the City. Yours very truly, V. A. M. MORTENSEN, President. Woman Suffrage Party of the City of New York 30 E. 34th St. Southwest Corner Madison Ave. Borough of Brooklyn 18th Assembly District Rev. Miss Ann J. Allebach, Leader 939 St. Marks Avenue 939 St. Marks Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y. September 3, 19 12. Mr. J. A. McDonald, Secretary. W est End Improvement League of Conev Island. My dear Mr. McDonald : I am greatly interested in your letter of September 2nd and thank you very much for the opportunity you have given me to align myself with those who have at heart the welfare, physical and moral, of Coney Island. It is in so great a degree the playground of the mass of Xew Yorkers that any movement for its betterment should en- /'<) its full capacity below and al>ove. Pagt Ttmttty-Huu PLATE FOl RTEEN LOOKING EAST OVER THE "DREAMLAND" PROPERTY. THE MUNICIPAL BATHS IN THE DISTANCE. This picture was taken ten minutes later than No. Thirteen. This property is entirely open to the public, who seemingly have no iw fur anything beyond the immediate beach front. I »y reserving one hundred feet of beach and sixty feet of board- walk the city can sell the rest of the "Dreamland" acquisition for more than the entire cost of all. Page Thirty In Favor of Among those who are in favor of this project and who have consented to act on our Citizens' Committee are : Dr. Samuel Buchler, Rahbi of People's Synagogue, of the Educational Alliance of Xew York City. Rev. F. B. Clausen, Ev. Lutheran Church of the Epiphany of New York. John B. Creighton, Esq., Brooklyn Borough Secretary, representing the Fiske Terrace Association. Hon. James F. Duhamel, Senator, 8th District. Rev. Henry Otis D wight. Secretary of the American Bible Society. Rev. John. H. Dooley, Corpus Christi Chapel, X. Y. Rev. Dr. John H. Edwards, 122 Willow St., Brooklyn. W. Fred. Silleck, President of the Erie Basin Board of Trade. Rev. Horace R. Fell, B.D., St. Alban's Church, High- bridge, N. Y. Rev. Percy T. Grant, Church of the Ascension, 5th Ave. and 10th St., N. Y. John H. Brouwer, President of the Grand St. Board of Trade. Rev. James E. Holmes, D.D., Supt. of the Brooklyn and Long Island Church Society. Rev. William Mortimer Hughes, Ph.D., Pastor of Cropsey Ave. Methodist Episcopal Church. Rev. Ann J. Allebach, 939 St. Mark's Ave., Brooklyn. Mrs. Belle Lindner Israles, Chairman of the Committee on Amusement Resources of Working Girls. Rev. M. A. Layton, Supt. New York East Annual Confer- ence of the Methodist Church, Brooklyn, South District. the Project Rev. Samuel J. Levinson, 671 Westminister Road, Bklyn Rev. Cleland B. McAfee, Pastor of the Lafayette Ave. Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn. Rev. Y. A. M. Mortensen, President of the Society of In- ner Mission and Rescue Work. Rev. James Stuart Neill, St. Matthew's Church, Wood- haven, X. Y. Louis Heaton Pink, President of the Brooklyn Neighbor- hoods Association. Rev. L. O. Rotenbach, German Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn. Rev. Henry S. Stimson, Pastor Manhattan Congl. Church Rev. Leslie Willis Sprague, Secretary of the X. Y. Fed- eration of Churches. Rev. John H. Sattig, Rector St. Philip's Church. Dyker Heights, Brooklyn. Rev. Wm. F. Schoenfeld, Pastor the Evangelical Lutheran Immanuel Church of Xew York. Major John W. Tumbridge, Supt. of Highways. Borough of Brooklyn. Rev. Charles Henry Webb. Archdeacon of Brooklyn. Rev. Geo. H. Wallace, 60 E. 92nd St.. X. Y. Rev. G. Frederick Wells, Assistant Secretary Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. Rev. Herman E. Schmatz. German Presbyterian Church. Brooklyn. Elizabeth M. Griffith. A.B.. A.M.. 939 St. Mark's Ave.. Brooklyn. Rev. J. II. F. Boese, St. John's German M. E. Church, Brooklyn. rays Thirty-one