MA S TER NEGA TIVE NO . 92 -80599 MICROFILMED 1992 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES/NEW YORK as part of the "Foundations of Western Civilization Preservation Project" Funded by the NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Library COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright law of the United States - Title 17, United States Code - concerns the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material... Columbia University Library reserves the right to refuse to accept a copy order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would mvolve violation of the copyright law. A UTHOR : HODGMAN, ARTHUR W TITLE: NOUN DECLENSION IN PLAUTUS PLACE: [COLUMBUS] DA TE : [1 9021 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT Master Negative it •-t BIDLIOCRAPHIC MICRnFORM TARHRT Origiual Material as Filnied - Existing Bibliographic Record Restrictions on Use: BKS/PROD B'ODks FIH ID NYCG92~B3i805 ID:WYCS92-B31305 V.-C • TOOO ,iP:ohu PC:s HHD 040 FUL /DIB NY CG92 -B3 1 805 Re-? cord 1 of I ■■- R&yz^:^rd updated RTYPsa \.v wj" \-- GPC REP:? 7 ST T. f. MOD s BIO CPl 3? 7 It It FRMs F 1 C 5 ? FSI ;;? COL. ^; 1 00 «ilMW ""T «iiJ' 260 1 I.,., a.^ ''^ BLTram DCFs? L:eng INT:? P.0il902/ OR: POL 2 DM := » cNNC Mod g \Vi a n , A r r: hu r U , Noun declension in Plautus* I hCmi croforml „ [ Coltrmbus , » I bOh i o State Un i'ver s i ty .., =^= t cl 902 1 11 p , ORIS 05-06-92 Acquisitions tod.av NYCG~PT \'V3 : EL : ATC s 1 L C ;; EML. : ? ';» -; '? AD s T I : r3EN2 05-06-92 05-06-92 7 BSE: TECHNICAL MICI^OFORM DATA REDUCTION RATIO: lU FILM SIZE: '^^_C^J^ IMAGE PLACEMENT: lA ^ IB JIB DATE FILMED: SsJllKl INITIALS K't>. <^ HLMEDBY: RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS. INC WOODDRIDGE. cT c Association for Information and image Management 1100 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1100 Silver Spring. Maryland 20910 301/587-8202 Centimeter UJ 2 3 4 1 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 5 6 liiiiliiiili 8 '["|l|"|l|"[l'^"|l'^"| 10 11 IIIIIIIIINIIlllll 12 13 14 15 mm 1 I I Inches I I I T ITT 1 TTT T 1.0 1^ 2.8 1^ Ki IIIP^ m 1^ to ^ 'lit lit 14. 1.4 25 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 I.I 1.25 MfiNUFfiCTURED TO RUM STRNDRRDS BY APPLIED IMRGE, INC. "K^ emMMlJU KNATT LIBKAIY «937 8^ LIBRARY i I JXji^Jh u. J) ' £ s anJ-^Jfui^ BeprwUd/rom The Classical Review, Jtdi/ 1902.] I f NOUN DECLENolON IN PLxiUTUS. The followvDg statistics are based on repeated reading of the small Gotz-8cludl text, and have been verified from the apparatus in the Triumvirate edition, with some reference to the text of Leo. I have wished to bring together some facts ^ of importance to students of Plautus. The information now available on Plautine usage is scattered and of widely varying value. Rassow's Index (1881) is useful, but it has gaps here and there ; Neue has many omissions. I have aimed to make my statistics complete in each instance, but I cannot hope that nothing has escaped me in the range within which I have kept myself, and I shall be glad to have omissions [)ointed out to me. I believe this account of Plautus' nouns will be found more extended than any that has hitherto been given, and I hope it will prove of service. My aim has been, in general, to collect facts, rather than to explain or discuss them. It has served my purpose better to group them under the traditional five declensions, than to carry them one case at a time through the different stems. First Declension. 1. With the question of -a in the nom. s. goes that of -a in the nom. and ace. pi. of all neuters. It has become customary to say that neither can be proved for Plautus. It is true that -a predominates overwhel- mingly (cf. jmiedd sit, Oas. lU, serud s/nn, Pers. 615, ulmitrihd tu [1], Pers. 278a, condimentd sunt, Ps. 834), but the number 5 G of places where the manuscripts give us -a is, though limited, large enough to command attention and respect, and to make the usual summary dismissal of the matter un- satisfactory. The list in C. F. W. MuUer's Plaut. Pros. pp. 3-13, is nearly complete, and includes some instances that even he rejects. If we neglect the places that show Cj ^ late in the verse, and others that are for various reasons unlikely or impossible, there still remain the following :— {(i) Greek nouns : — epistidd, As. 762. Leoitidd, voc, As. 740. /S'os/rt, Am. 438. Sosid, Am. 439. (b) Latin nouns :-- famdid, Trin. 251 (cretic). y?7id, Men. 762. i/ieptid, Merc. 26. word, Cure. 461 (may be removed by hiatus). teiiserd, Poen. 1052. Neuter [4., faclnvrd, Ps. 563. Very doubtful is ancUla^ Cas. 655. (c) Adjectives : — altera, B. 1128 (bacchiac). alterd, Poen. prol. 85. liherd, E. 498. medy Oas. 696 (bacchiac : haplography I). ')aed, Cure. 602. Neuter pi., cetera, As. 199. factd, Pers. 761 (anap.). oiiiuid, Men. 900. oranid. Mil. 1314. onii>id Mil. 1338. IMore doubtful is aiiara, True. 459 (bacchiac). (d) We may add these pronouns :— edque, Cure. 80. iUd, S. 159. istd, Merc. 730. Neuter pi., istd (so B), As. 860. Of these 24 Leo prints 14. 2. Gen. s. in -as. matrem familias, Am. 831, Merc. 406 415. matres famdias, S. 98. Others advocated by Ritschl, metri gratia, have not met with approval. 3. In two places only have the MSS. of -.^5*«-H' THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. Plaiitw» preserved any trace of the genitive ending -dl : in verse 51 of tie prologue to the Poenulus B reads comedi mis inodion for cmnoediai sin odiosi ; add Poen. 1045, Antida7m[t]i—&o A. This ending ,i%. how- aver, attested by the metre in many plai!e4; the small, conservative text of GStz and Schiill prints 28 instances of it, in nouns of various kinds, as well as Iw adjectives and possessive pronouns ; «.jr. mmh Ptmi (I), Aul. ISl; nostrai, Mil 519; magnai p^hEcai, Mil. prol. 103 (attested liy Marias Victorinus) ; itialah Merc. 692 ; cl. Eutinus, p. §61, 2, IL II is found even in Greek Bonna: Antidamaif Poen. 1045 (but AnU' ilriwiaa, Poen. 1042, 1047); V^Mrmidah Tnn, 359 (but ChamdiU, Trin. 744) ; Fwiphatuti, IL 246, 508, 635. Tim -oi rarely suffers elision; doubtful instances are cited by Lindsay, L.L. p. 3B1. The usual gen. ending -m also is not liable to synaloepha, but the -tm of the dat. s. (of different origin) is elideii (Leo, Plant. 4 Final d, as a means of avoiding hiatus, is mnf generally rejected in all ablatives, except in the pronouns mid and iid i these are good accusative forms also, Lindsay is inclined to admit also red in Aul, 141, Merc. 629, Ps. 19 (Archiv f, Ii.L. 10 [1898] 550); to these add Mm* 224. 5. The dialectic tirmination -m for the nom. pL, proposed tn iilp the metre in various places {e.g. Am. 2T5, Trin. 539), has BOW been abandoned. 6. We find no instance of -uhus in our plays. Priseian (G.L. ii. 293. 12, K) quotes S. 567 as showing ^/ti# pro filiahns [so also Poen. 1128] ; and he gives from an unnamed play of Plautus the words tie gtmtahm suis (Frag. Fab. Inc. v. ~"^ 4. Emcpuello, Frag. 92, Lenones Gemini. So Festus, 249. 15; Priseian, 231. 21, reads Ate jnmllus. 5. Vocative singular. nmus. emeus, Poen. 367, kuius dmeusy Poen. 390. mnd'us, Poen. 394. mulm w«M#, Most. 311, Pers. 705. iM8us Odd us, Cist. 53, S. 704, melius aureus, As. 691. msus ocellus. As. 664, Poen. 366. Com- pare Gyre. 203, 392. In As. 664 we find mi anime parallel with fgwus ocellus ; cf. Cas. 137, 138. The vocative puere is attested by MSS., by grammarians, or by limping metre. (a) Needed for metre, i.e. before con- sonants or at the end of verse, 16 instances : As. 382; B. 577; Cure. 75; Merc. 912 (910) ; Most. 843, 947, 949, 965, 990, 991 ; Pers. 792; Ps. 170, 242b, 249, 252 ; True. (ft) Not needed by metre, but given by MSS., i.e. before vowels, 5 instances : As. 891; Merc. 930; Most. 308; Pers. 771; (c) Merc. 922 (921) hm ptkr, hoc jMium. ((I) l^lerc. 976 shows notws amator, uitus, prnr, apparently vocatives but possibly 8 nominatives in apposition. So t/iemaurus, As. 655. 6. The genitive plural in -orum occurs in about S§ different words— nouns, adjec- tives, pronouns — with a total of 111 in- stancea The genitive in -^tm IW -01» is found in some 21 words, 76 times. Both forms occur for 12 words : Seconb Dkclinsion. 1. Two «% are avoided fii the nom. and ace. 8., so that we get e.g. seruos esZ, Ps. 727 (B, C, D) and Quom seruos sis seruom iibi, Pers. 291 (A, B), but octdus {e.g. True. 579) and oculum {e.g. True. 881). 2. ^len. 957 gives us the nom. socerus ; verse 1046 of the same play has socer. A nom. puerus has been conjectured into True. 906 (MSS. purus). conciliaholum, Trin. 314, BCD. 3. The gen. s. of -to stems ends of course in a single i ; e.g.Jldgiti, Merc. 417. 7 S dmim 14 (leorum 9 (synizesis in 8 of these). duoM 1 duorum 2 liberum 1 liberorum 5 meum 8 meoru7ii 3 nostrum (proo.) f mstrorum (pron.) 3 „ (adj, 3) „ (adj.) 1 7iummum 12 wummorum 1 puertwi 1 puerorum 1 sernom 1 1 seniorum 4 socium 1 sociorum 1 tuom 2 Uioi'um 7 uerhum 4 uerhornm G nostrum (pron.N 7 nostrorum (pron.) 5 Of the other words in -orum 36 occur once each, of the others in -m^ i once each. The needs of the metre seem to be the only thing that determines the choice ; in Most. 120 we get libei-um, but in the next verse liberorum — both verses are bac- chiac. Third Declension. 1. Nominative singular. (a) -OS and -or. colosy Men. 828, Mil. 11T9 ; color, Merc. 368. /tonos, Trin. 697, Frag. 101 Pagon ; honor, R. 195, Trin. 663. labos, Capt. 196, Merc. 72, Trin. 271, True. 521 ; hibor Cure. 219, R. 202. Upos, As. prol. 13, Cas. 235 (voc). Cure. 98 (voc), R. 352 ; lejxrr is not found in Plautus. odos, Capt. 815 (814), Cure. 99 (Nonius only). 105, Ps. 841, 842; odor [Cure, 99 MSS.], Poen. 1179. Total, 'OS 17, -or 6. {b) -or, -er. AmfUor, B. 1163 ; rmor [Cist. 72 doubtful], Merc. 590, Most. 142, Trin. 260a ; aucldr, Ps. 231 ; exercitor, Trin. 226, 1016 ; guber- ncitor, R. 1014 ; honor, R. 195; imperator, Am. 229 ; orator, B. 981 ; serimtor (change of speaker) Ps. 874 ; soror, B. 1 140 a, E. 657 (ho B, not A ; voc, change of speaker), Poen. 364, 406, (change of speaker), 895, S. 76 ; uxor. As. 927, Merc. 800 (voc), S. 140; /uppiter Am. prol. 94 (1) Cure 27 (change of speaker) ; jxiter, Aul. 779, As. 828 (voc, change of speaker). Total, or 18 (22) 1, er 1(4)1 (c) Unsyncopated nominatives singular. Opts, B. 893 ; Ops, Cist. 515. PoUuces, B. 894; Pollux not found in Plautus. sortis, Cas. 380 ; sors six times in the Casina, and also in Most. 631. {d) Miscellaneous. ^«c mwe*, Trin. 172 ; Caries {i.e. Hecuba) Men. 718 (Ba, C, Da). Cf. /ore«. Most. 507 (B'CD). iuus, Merc. 985, CD. nubis, Merc. 880. lac, lad, lacte. Lacte is sure for B 19 (13), Men. 1089, Mil. 240 ; and it is possible for True. 903. On the other hand, a mono- syllable is demanded in*Am. 601 (MSS. all give lac)\ in B. 1134 {lact seems a trifle more probable than lac) ; and in True. 903 (here we may read lacte with elision, or la^t, but probably not lac). rners, merr, imrces. In Plautus this word is usually found with an adjective, iMila, jyroba, tua. Mers seems to be the common Plautine form, but it is nearly always changed to merx in some MS. or MSS. il/e?-/ seems sure in Cist. 727, Men. 758 (Nonius twice). Mil. 728 (Nonius only), Pers. 238, 586, Poen. 342 ; perhaps it is to be read in Mil. 894. Mil. 1059 has merces, nom. s. ; Ps. 954 mercist. In S. 519, A gives eammersque. [milisl ? Mil. 946 (C). True 874 (BCD') ; cf. milix in late inscrr.] opos, S. 573 (B). uatis, Mil. 911 (BCD'). 2. Genitive singular. suis. Cure 323, corr. Scaliger ; sueris, Frag. 49, Carbonaria, corr. Turnebe ; sueres, Festus 330. 27. sui<8>, Most. 40. [nemi7iis, Capt. 764 ; similariy abl. nemine. Cist. 87, Mil. 1062]. 3. Accusative singular, (a) i stems. capparim, Cure. 90. clauini, Most. 404 (F), 425. cratim, Poen. 1025. fartim, Most. 169. 'usque adfatim, Men. 91, Poen. 534. febrim, Ps. 643. ictim, Capt. 184. [imbrim, Ps. 102 ; so A, Studemund, but not quite certainly; by a curious inter- change with a following word]. magudarim, R. 633. messim,^. 718, Most. 161, Poen. 1019, Trin. 32 (A ?), but messem, R. 637 and perhaps Trin. 32. nauim, Cas. 557, Men. prol. 25, Mil. 1187, 1188, 1300, 1303. In the Mercator (vv. 75, 87, 92, 187, 194, 218, 257, 259, 461) C and D regularly give nauim, where B has nauem ; in 946 rmuem alone is found. Else- where we get nauem, in 27 places. rauim, Aul. 336, Cist. 304, Frag. 8 Artemo. restim, Cas. 425, Pers. 815, Poen. 396, Ps. 88, R. 367 ; but restem, R. 1036. securim, Aul. 95, Men. 858. «i^iw. Cure 116, Merc 861. strigilim, S. 230 (228), but -em Pers. 124. tun'im, B. 710. (6) Miscellaneous: itiner, Merc. 911, 929. tenus, B. 793. 4. Vocative singular. Barpage, Ps. 665, but Uarpax, 653. THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. 6. Ablative singular. (o) Ablatives in -i : adfini, Trin. 622. aali, Poen. 847, but aede, B. 312. aeiaii, Poen. 509, am, Cas. 616, E. 184, Pa. 762. hilif Am. 727. ealcari. As. 708. \Carthagini%, Cas. prol. 71]. dux. Pers 475. coluTnbari, R. 888. Jini, Men. 859. fusti. As. 427. Aul. 454, Capt. 896, Cas. 967 971 luci. Am. 165, Aul. 748, Cas. 786, Cist. 525, Men. 1006, Merc. 255, H. 364 ; but luce, Am. 547, Cure. 182, True. 574. Iwtxinari, B. 4%>4. mam. Am. 253 (Nonius), Most. 767 (B before corr.), Poen. 650 (1 A) ; but wane, E. 273 314, Men. 1157, Mil. 503, Most. 534, Pers. 113, 114 (bis), Poen. 806, R. 418 (Ijimbin). The grammarians quoted m the Triumvirate edition on Most. 767, are pretty consistent in declaring that the ablative is Tiwint, an«l the adverb inane. Add niane aeptimi. Men. 1157. . , r • i. »weW, abl., occurs 30 times,— with faint traces of -e in 4 places. Priscian expressly testifies to an ablative mare in R. 981. miliii, Ps. 616 (A, B) shown also by metre. In Mil. 1290, B gives iniliti, at end of verse; in Ps. 717 A has either militi or milite, with elision ; and in True. 87, BCD show militi at end of verse. Besides these 4 in -i, we find 7 ablatives of mile* in -«. naui, 31 times, the only form. jmrti, Men. 479, Pers. 72, hwt parte, Poen. 1285. fMctari'i Merc. 345 (D). eecvrit Ps. 158. senapi, True. 315. «i7i,Cas. 154, Cure. 119, Most. 193, R. 312. Bortij Cas. 428. Theti, E. 32 (35). Ferieri, Poen. 256. For 2ie8])eri, see p. 302. (b) Apparent instances of -e. eapitdf Most. 211. eamef Capt. 914. /aenordf Cure. 508. fame, As. 145, Cist. 45, Most. 193, Pers. 318, S. 216. The ablative of /aiHes, occurs 16 times— 11 times at the end of a verse or half-verse, and 5 times elsewhere, with a long ultima in all the five. lucif Merc. 255. mare, R. 981, according to Priscian. »»t7iee p. 295. reapse, Canit rarius in True. 815 ; cf. remp8am,'VYW\ 864 (so ii), and Am. piol. 73. 4. Locative. die crastini, Most. 881. die septimi, Men. 1156. die septnmei, Pers. 260. 5. Genitive plural. sorderumy Poen. 314. Variations in Gender. Nouns ordinarily masculine, appearing in Plautus as feminine, 4 : Nulla Achenms, Capt. 999 ; MSS. and Nonius expressly. This is the only one of the 17 instances to show gender. ulla amuis, Merc. 859 ; MSS. and Nonius expressly. The other (four) instances do not betray gender. capiundas crines, Most. 226 ; B ante ras., and Nonius expressly ; -dos other MSS. Mil. 792 the only other instance is indeter- minate. , hanc rudentem, R. 938; MSS., Nonius expressly, gloss. The other instances (2) do not indicate gender. 2. Nouns ordinarily masculine, appearing here as neuter. artua, Men. 855; C, Nonius, Priscian, metre. , ^. ., caloi', ace. s., Merc. 860 ; \\CW Ph.largy- rius ; Nonius expressly says neuter, but his text reads -em. Occurs, in PLiutus, only here capillum, nom. s.. Most. 254 ; Nonius expressly ; Plautine MSS. have us. bix other instances indecisive. caseum, nom. s., Frag. 103, Parasitus Medicus; Nonius expressly. The three other instances are masculine. nasuin, nom. s.. Am. 444 ; MSS. Nonius. siKiax 7irt«MW, ace. s.. Cure. 110, Mh^. ncmim, nom. s., Men. 168 ; MSS., Nonius incidentally. ,„ , ,iastc7n, nom. 8. Mil. 1256 ; CD. Totals for this word, 4 neuter, 8 indeterunnate. pane, nom. s.. Cure. 367; Nonius and Charisius, both expressly; F; -em b 1^. J. On the other hand, panein six tunes, umi bi7ios j>ane8, Peis. 471. Three indeter- minate. nuy7iu7n, nom. s., Capt. 796 ; Gran.ina- ticus «le dubiis nominibus ex[»ressly siiys neuter, but the MSS. and Noi.ius h ive it masculine. Seven places show masculine iiender, out of a total of 38. sumbolum, Ps. 648 (us A), 1001 ; clear y masc. in 5 places ; masc. or neut in 1 1 others. The fem. form (4 instances) dilleis in meaning. , ^^, .. t^ xt • uterum, nom. s., Aul. 691 ; H E, Nonius expressly. Seven places do not show gender. 3. Nouns ordinarily feminine, appearing here as masculine. hoc delate, Trin. 1090 ; Nonius expressly, liut our MSS. have hoc, unquestionably "^m sumn aluom, Ps. 823 ; MSS., Nonius expressly. Three indecisive instances. unum cdcem, Poen. 908; Nonius ex- pressly, but our MSS. show unam. sedatum cujndineith Am. 840 ; Mbb. seuero /route, Mil. 201. So A ; other Mbb. f R 318 L'ives contracta /route, and six places do not indicate gender. coloratilem frontem, Fra.g. 110, Plocinum. Nonius, 204, 26. says masculine, quoting as above ; but in 149, 5 he quotes the verse for another purpose, giving coloralum ; metre affords no sure help. /toc/Mci, Am. 165, BDEF J. luci claro, Aul. 748; Nonius expressly says masculine and is followed by h, but B D E J give dura. , THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. Itacis tuendi, Capt. 1008 (tuend^ie only in F, J). cum prinw luci, Cist. 525 ; MSS. hoc luce. Cure. 182 ; MSS. This word is feminine in Am. 547, luce clara, MSS ; (and in Aul. 748 according to B D E J). There are 20 instances of lux and its cases ; 14 are indeterminate, 5 mas- culine, and 1 feminine. 4. Nouns usually neuter, here masculine : ueitalem aeuom, Poen. 1187 ; A B C D F. collus, Am. 445 ; Nonius expressly, fol- lowed by F ; MSS. have collum. collus, Capt. 357 ; MSS., Donatus. collus, R. 888, Priscian ; MSS. give collum, so Osbernus, and so apparently the metre ; cf. Leo on R. 888. hunc in collum, Pers. 691 ; MSS. collos, Capt. 902 ; MSS. Of 29 instances of this word, 4 are masc, I masc. or neut., 24 indeterminate. unum conclauem, Mil. 140 (prol.), B ante ras. C D. .... clau^, Cas. 881 ; so B. clauein without space, E F. Most. 843 has con- clauia, and the two remaining instances are indecisive. crassus corius redditust. Frag. Fab. Inc. 5 (18); Paulus expressly. tris corios huhulos, Poen. 139 , MSS. and Nonius expressly. Totals, 2 masc, 4 neuter, I I indeterminate. dorsus lotus. Mil. 397 ; BC, Nonius ex- pressly, dorsum totum, A F ; dor su totus, D. Three instances indecisive. gUtturem, Aul. 304 ; MSS., metre, Nonius, 5 6 Priscian. ijutturem. Mil. 835 ; MSS., metre. Nonius. 5 6 gutiurem, Trin. 1014; MSS., metre. 7 8 Capt. 468 has guttur nom. s., but gender is not indicated here or in the remaining two instances. hi loci, Ps. 595. quos locos, Trin. 931 ; but /oca, R. 227, Cist. 677, R. Ill, Trin. 863, 864 ; add locorum, Capt. 385, and locarum, Cas. 120 (so A), Poen. 144 (BCD), True. 661 (BCDL). pergrandem lucrum, Pers. 494 ; Nonius expressly, against all our MSS. jxipauerem, Poen. 326 ; MSS. papduereni, Trin. 410; MSS., metre, ') r. Nonius, Charisius. uuidum retem, R. 942 ; so Priscian, 332. 14, but in 270. 15 he gives rete, retem, R. 984 ; CDF, Priscian, Lambin ; further details about this word on page 302. sinu>8, bowl, nom. s.. Cure. 82 ; MSS., Prise, glo deliciay True. 921, B C D. deliciaey dat., R. 429. As epithet in plural 5 times : Most. 15, Pers. 204, Ps. 180, 227, S. 742. /om, nom. s.. Am. 496, Aul. 665, B. 234, 1057, Cas. 163, 874, Merc. 699, Mil. 154 (prol.), 528, 985, 1198, Most. 507, 1062, Pers. 300, 404, S. 87, totil 16. forem, B. 833, Cas. 893. This word occurs in the plural about 89 times, exclusive of the adverbs /oria and /oraa. Variations in Declension. angtportum, neuter, Ps. 961, Most. 1045, Pers. 678, Ps. 961 ; angiporto,M., As. 741, Ps. 971 ; angiporta, Cist. 384, Ps. 1235; angiportiay Pers. 444,— all these are appar- ently of the second declension ; against them stand ex angiportu, Cist. 124, and in aiigijyortu. Most. 1046 (in the latter place the reading of A is doubtful, -w or -o). araneorum, As. 425 ; so Nonius ; MSS. give -arum. araneai-um, S. 348, MSS. and Nonius. araneaay Aul. 87. araneaa, S. 355, C D F ; A doubtful. araneia, Aul. 84, indet. dxmm, Mil. prol. 126, is the only fourth declension form of domua, and occurs but this once ; chnio is very common. /ultnmtaa, fem. not neut, Trin. 720. ad hbeaa, S. 721, {lahiia, Mil. 93, indet.). locuat in plural, see page 301. murtetat see page 301. hac noctu, Am. 272, 404, 412, 731, Mil. 381, Trin. 869 ; nocte is common. pfiniculum, m. or f., Mil. 18. pecua, w., 1 ; pecudem, etc., 4 ; pecu, pecua, 5. penus annuoa, Ps. 178. pe7ii, gen., Ps. 608, Trin. 254. 2^mwi,8LCc. Capt. 771, Men. 120, 801 ; but omne penua, nom., Ps. 228, aliud penuSf ace, Capt. 920, and sine penu, Capt. 472. On this word see Gellius, N. A. 4. 1. ramentd, abl., B. 513, 518 (519^.) K. 1016. cu7n ramentOy B. 680. rete, and its cases, occurs 15 times; 8 of the instances are normal. For R. 942, Priscian attests a masc. ace. s, uuidum retem, though elsewhere he quotes the same verse with rete. In R. 984, C, D, F, Priscian, I^mbin, give retem, ace. s. In R. 900 we get retiam, ace. s., in Priscian and in ed. princ, the MSS. giving retia ace. pi. In R. 1071 we find retia prehendi (so practically B C p), but the metre requires reti appre- hendi. We have the ablative rete expressly attested for R. 1020 by Priscian, and it occurs also in R. 914, 1292. In As. 238, B D F give ayngrapham ; in 5 other instances we get ayrigraphum, Nonius expressly stating that Cicero used the feminine, and that Plautus used the masculine in As. 746. uaaum, True. 53, 54 ; uas, B. 202, R. 986. ueru, uerum, see page 299. uesper hic^ B. 1205. ittsjierum, 10 instances (Mil. 503 -am F ; Most. 767 a^n grammatici). uespeHf 5 instances. de uesperi auo^ Mil. 995. p^'ima uespera, Cure. 4 (cf. Mil. 503, Most. 767). Compare uesperugo, Am. 275, and uespema, Frag. Fab. Inc. 45, Paulus. Greek nouns show a good deal of wavering. They have been treated by H. M. Hopkins, in Harv. Studies, ix. 96, and I shall notice only a few here. Achillea (3 instances), Achillem (2), Achilli, gen., B. 938. The first syllable of this word is thought to be long in Merc. 488 and Mil. 1054 ; and it may be long in thtf 4 other places. architectua (4), architecte (2), architectia (1); architecioiiem twice at end of verse. Text corrupt in Mil. 919. Calckaa, nom., Merc. 945; Calcha, abl., Men. 748. Calliclea (10), CaUidi, gen., Trin. 1183 Callix:li, dat., Trin. 582, 899, Calliclem (6)! Callicle, abl. (2), ^ ^ Charmidea (13). Chamiidai, Trin. 359, Charmidi, gen., Trin. 744, Charmidem (4), Charmid£, abl. (2). Euripidi, gen., R. 86. Ilerculis, gen., R. 161, Herculi, gen., Pers. 2, R. 822. Philolaches (17) Philolachetia ( 1 ) Phihlachia ( 1 1) Philolacheti (1 ) (2 ?) Philolachi ( 1 ) Philolachetem (2 X) Philolachem (3 ?) Phildmhete ( 1 ) Philolache ( 1 ) Thetia, True. 731, Theti, abl., E. 32 (35). Tranio, nom. (18), Tranioni (1), Tranione (I) ; but IVanium, ace, Most. 560. Nouns, Adverbs, and Prepositions. usque ad /atim, Men. 91, Poen. 534. hoc commodumj Trin. 1136. tueis ingratieiSf Merc. 479. amhorum ingratiia, Cas. 315. ingratiia as an adverb, ten times. a 7nani, Am. 253 (-i Nonius ; -e BDEJ); Most. 767 (gramm. testimony strong for -?*, MSS. -e) ; a mane, Most. 534, MSS. ; Mil. 503, MSS. ; nmne aeptimi, Men. 1157 ; and mane ten times as an adverb. Meritiaaumo eiua^ As. 737 ; cf.meritiaaujno E. 430. meritOt clearly a noun, 10 in- stances ; clearly an adverb, Cas. 182 ; 7nerito magia; indeterminate, 23. Similar is im Tnerito. hac noctu. Am. 272, 404, 731, Trin. 869. noctu hac, Am. 412, Mil. 381. noctu as adverb, 24 times. nunc ipaum, B. 940. in peregre eat, Frag. 40, Caecus vel Prae- dones (Charisius). oaae fini, {fini as preposition), Men., oD9. intendi tenua, {tenua as noun), B. 793. Syncopated and Unsyncopated Nouns. halineae and its cases, As. 357, Merc. 127, Most. 756, Pers. 90, Poen. 976, R. 383, Trin. 406 ; balineator, R. 527. Total unsynco- pated, 8 ; but balneator, Poen. 703, True. 325. columen, Am. 367, Cas. 536, E. 189, Most. 765, Trin. 85 ; culmen seems not to occur. contro[uo]7'aiam, Men. 593. disciplinaj so accented, occurs 12 times. In As. 201 we find diaciplinM, with the second syllable apparently long ; but mute and liquid cannot make position in Plautus, so it is necessary to read here diadpHlina. In Most. 154 the w is attested by Ba C D, though it is not needed for the metre. Jn 11 of the 13 instances th^ metre would THE CLASSICAL REVIKW. permit the longer form; but m Las 60., 657, discijdinam ends a bacohiac tetra- meter, so that -u- would be imi)OS8ible there. exjniriyat{one7,i, Am. 965, Merc. 960. fauilares, Am. prol. 67, 78, 79. laMum, Capt. 847 903, 907, Men. 210. nduUis, Men. 226 ; nauta occurs only twice, Mil. 1335, 1430, where it must be trochaic. oiw/MnVia, Mil. 880. ^mihis, and its cases, occurs 45 times. Kleven times at the end of a verse (or heiiu- stich) we get the forms pojM, jyojdo, poplurn, shown by metre, and by more or less clear proof of them in the MS. readings. poj>h As. 655 (hen.istieh), Aul. 285, Oas 536, Most. 15, Per.. 408 ; poplo, Am. F^rol. 101, 190 (hemistich), 259, Ps. 126, R. 1251 ; pophun, As. prol. 4. In S. 490 Uo prints jm^di, on account of Meyer's 1 aw ; m Ps. 178 the Gotz-Scholl edition prints ;)o/>/o in the interior of an anapaestic verse ; in Most. 124, Poen. 227, Ps. 1129, Leo reads poplo at the beginning of bacchiac verses— but all these seem unnecessary. Quadrup lator, Pers. 70. nid^dus occurs 53 times. In R. 1130 the metre demands the form uidlm, and in R. 936, 1106, 1127, mVWnm. jm-tculnm, and its cases, occurs 48 times^ In 36 places we must read periclnm. In 10 instinces we find the full form at the end of an iambic verse or hemistich : As. 457 (hemi- stich), B. 599, Capt. 91, 687, 740, Men. 199, 201, Poen. 633, R. 349 (hemistich), Trin. 858! Twice we seem to get the longer form in the interior of a verse : in Pers. 524 A ^nd F read pericuto, but B C D give 'i^iclo ; it would seem to be better to read penclo with following hiatus at penth. caesura [cf. Men. 841,— shall we read oracnh with B and avoid hiatus, or oraclo with hiatus 1J. In Frag. Fab. Inc. 53 (Porphyrio) we get pericrdUm, apparently filling the second dipody of a senarius, but it is just possible that we have here parts ol two verses, one ending with jierimhrm. poctduw occurs 12 times, but it does not show the regularity of usage thnt perindum does The full foun ends verse or hemi- stich 4 tim^s. lies within an anapaestic verse in Ps 047, occurs in a corrupt passage in Pers*. 775. We also find it four tiuies in the interior of a verse (Cure. 368, S. 272, 725 ; True. 43), whei-e we get twice what we should there expect, the shorter form (As. 771, Cure. 359). t^ r „ * mectdum is found 5 times ; the full form occurs in Trin. 283, cretic verse, and the shorter (if we accept Leo's reading for Aul. 126) in the other four. apectdculdin ends the senanus Poen. -UJ, and spectmla occurs normally in the interior of Cure. 647. . .^a . taberndcuhim, end of verse, Trin 7.b , tabei-naclo, interior of verse, Am. 4Jb, 4Jtt. This word is formed as if from *tabernare. uehicUi, Aul. 168, 502, Pers. 782, all med. versu. . , • i^ • p uiticla appears 10 times in the interior of the verse, and xdnculis once in cretic verse, Capt. 204. ,, . , Other words with -tlo- suftix CMJCurring at the end of a verse are cmdcuU, Am. Hoo (only here); cnhicul(> Am. f08, As. 76. also in full form mod. versu Las 96o, <(k», and-cretic ver.e-Most. 696) ; iaientri form is in the non-Phuitine Arg. I. ct. Akumenas, Kv^. U-l ^^'^"*.^^*^' S^^P^' ^^J' roculitum Cure. 393. 6Wmo, Men. 854. wiZ'Ps. 86. 88, 91 93 («OSU) Tn„^ 425 ; drachmdm, Merc. 777. mina occuis very fmiuently and is the only Ut.n form of {he Lv.\. leehhu^, B. 392, Oapt 642 Most. 550. Poen. 817. Of. Ps. 1096. c6ntech7idtus. 'larua! etc., Am. 777, Aul. 642 Capt. 598, civs. 592. Merc. 981 ^^;^. - > - Ic^rmus, adj., Am. Frag. 7, Frag. 12. Men. 890, Frag. Inc. Fab. 75. loao p .;i/r.o.:Aul. 310, 319, Poen. 1292, R 1124; and adj. mUuinuSy Men. Jl-, rs. ^""audyicmns. Aul. prol. 35 ; duonctdus, Aul. 685, 778, 782 799. crn^ator. True. 683 ; caia/Z^^or, Mi. 642 ; caulUdtiones, S. 228 (226), True. 68o clauator, R. 805 (cf. Poen. 530). nauis, B. 797, Men. 344. dhdtiad. i.e., either the full or the synco- pated form possible, 13 instances ;rt