T O Wealth and Honour I N A DIALOGUE Between an English- Man A N D A Dutch-Man, LUKE V. 4. Launch out into the deep^ and let down your nets for a draught. ©econa ©afttoii Saairton^. LONDON: Printed for CtOUClj, at the corner of Lopes-Head-Alley over againft the Royal - Exchange in CornhtX 1700. TO The Moft Noble Thomas Duke of Leeds Marquifs of CARMAaTHEN, Earl of Danby, Vifcoutit Latimer, Baron Osborne of Ki y e t o n ,• AND KNIGHT of the moji Noble Order of the GARTER. GOVERNOUR of the Royal Fifliery 0/ENGLAND. Mny it pleafe Tour Grace,, N O Perfon havingfpent rnoreMoney and Pains, than Your Grace to Re- eftablilii the Fijhery of England 3 I pre¬ fume to Dedicate to you the following Dialogue : Not that I have the Vanity to A 2 believe believe this my poor Mite can make any Addition to Your Graces Great Treafure of Knowledge: But as believing the Fafl: in this Little Book contain’d, fo true it might fafely appear before the Beft of Judges. W;ch all Refpeft I am, Tonr Grads moli Bumhk taoB Faithful mUObligd and mjl Obedient Servant James Puckle. PREFACE. T he Highlands of Scotland, Wdes, Bifcay, Switzerland , and other Countries (not worth the conquering ) continue fiill in pjfe^on of their Aborigines '.Whereas, England being a Coun¬ try C as was [aid of the Tree of Paradice y good for Food, pleafant to the Eyes^ and to be defered, hath been pofjejjed by Five feveraf Nations, and coveted by many more. Tet view its Coafis tFefl appear Bold, and but thinly Inhabited, and the Civil Wars of our IJland having oecajtoned the demolijhing of its firong Holds, in cafe of Attack how can we be defended againfi Foreign powerful Enemies, but by a Naval Pow¬ er. Allowing us Mafiers of more Tall Ships than any of our Neighbours. What Security can a nu- rnerous Navy afford, if Marr'mrs be wanting. Whether England wants Marriners befi appear^ by our turning ’em o’re from Ship to Ship, by our long, long Embargoes, and yet excejfive Charge in Preffing, and by fo many of our Ships being lofi ( during the late War ) for want of their Com¬ plement, Nor P R E F"A~CTr~- Nor can the Number of our Seamen he readily Encreaf,without Eftabli^ing a Fifhery. For Men r.f U''ar and Merchantmen jpend many Marriners and breed Few, the great and befi Nurfery for Sea- mcn is the, Fitliery ; ■when each Dogger brings up (ttanay be) Six, Eight, or Ten, new Men every No", and the Ftjhermens Bufinef lying where our Sbtfs Danger Hes, makes them know how the Sands (Isift, where the Rocks and Shelves are-, confeqmm- i] mof able Coafiers and admirable Pilots, BefJes by frequent riding out great Storms in jmall BaJJes and Doggers, Fijhermen become fo fieel- ed and habituated to Danger, that in Tempefis and Engagements they worp^ Wonders ; and the Fiji) lying upon our own Coafrs, the Men we employ to catch them (though out of his Majefrks Pay ) will be ever at Hand, and fo ready for’Service, as to make our watchfullefi Enemies defpair of furprizing m. Aga’n, " A due Care for our Poor, is an AB\ Civil Prudence and ^Political Wifdom J '' for Poverty in it Jelf is apt to E-l L.C.J.Ha!em “ mafculate the Minds of Men, or his Difeourfe cc ffj^kes Men tumultuous touching Pro- , , vifion fw the unquiet, where there are very Poor. ‘‘ many Poor; the Rich cannot long “ or fafely continue fuch j necejfrty renders Men of Phlegmatkk and dull Natures, “ Stupid and Indifciplinable, and Men of more fiery or abliyse Confitutions, Rapacious and Defrerate. The Poors Rates of England ( hefides Voluntary\ Charity) amounts to near a Million per Annum ; I PREFACE. i by which its Evident, what vafi ddimkrs of Beg- ^ gers and Idle Terf ns live upon the Vublick without: ; return of Labour for their Bread now Beggars Children (if not defirof d in the Womb , or at the Birth) being bred up in Want and Lazinef: Be¬ come of unhealthful Bodies, and more than ordinary fabjebl to many loathfome Difeafes,whereof abundance die in their tender Age j and fuch as attain to riper Tears , by idle Habits contrailed in their Touths, are rendred for ever unapt and undijpofed for La¬ bour, and fe'rve only to jtock the Kingdom with Jbeives and Beggars : So that without a due Care for Relief of our Poor in a way of Indufry, thsy'l daily Encreafe. Suppofe, to employ our Poor any one Mahufaclssre be encouraged: It may perchance remove the prefm Trade of one City or County to another, andocca- (ton fuch Complaints as the Button-Makers (not long fince ) made againfi Cloath Buttons, yet leave the generality of our Poor defiitute of a convenient Support and Provifion. Nay, could we at once Encourage every Ma~ nufaPture in England, encreafng our ManufaBures and not our Food, would only Men the Mifery of oar prefent Poor by paring it amongft all the People of the Kingdom. The mop effeBual Expedient then to employ our Poor, is to Efiablifii a Fifiery ,* which by affording them at once both Food and Employment j would quickly Ufn the great Burthen of our Nationjnto an \ ^qual Beneft. Much PREFACE Much more might be [aid to this Turpafe ; hut at prefid fiall only add that within thirty Years pajt, our aBive Neighbours the French have encreafid their Navigation to a Proverb. Given Europe much difquiet, and cofi England {in particular ) abundance of Blood and Nreafitre, But had not Engliflimen been guilty of more than Spanifh_/2odf^ in not putting forth their Hands to take that Rich hUjfwg, (the Filhery ) which Providence by placing upon our Coaftsy courts us ( as it were) to receive all our Sovereignes {rts well as Queen Elizabethj) might have bounded the Numbers of the French Fleet y and by the blejfiing of God have been Pads Europe Arbkrl, Maris Domini Sc Vindices. A (') ANEW DIALOGUE Betwen an eNglish^mjn A N D A T>VTCH-MJN. Dutch-Man, GOD myrovf Friend^ what \Jf art mufmg on ? Englijh-Man, Confideritig the.Extent of thefe your Dykes, I was thinking what excellive Charge and Pains Holland is yearly at to de¬ fend it felf againft inyading Waves; Whereas' the Sea that encircles happy England ( Barrier like) fenceth it againft Surprize and Ravages,; exempts us from the Charge and Terrour of Garrifons and Fortifications, and (with our Floating Caftles) continues to us that quiet Li¬ berty and Security the reft of Eurofe more of lels have loft. '\ B D. What D. What though England he fencd in hy the Seas, haffier Hol^nd hath a mighty Ocean of r/ealth to defend it', and Money you know is the Sinews of War. E. The cold Winds f being moiftened by the Vapours, or foftned by the warmth of the Seas motion before they reach our Iflands ) are lefs fierce, and the Air is far more Mild and Temperate (if not more Healthy) than any part of the Continent under the fame Climate; fo that we have no neceffity for Grotto’s in Summer, or Stoves in Winter. D. In my Opinion^ that Country is fill Happiefi that is fiored with the Ricbefi growths and produBs for Trafck and Commerce , and the Air ever heft where mof Money is Jtirring; for Poverty and Want will render People unhealthy in all Climates. E. England abounds with Mines, Rocks, Pits and Quarries of (a) Aliblafter,(^) Antimo¬ ny, (c) Ardois, (J Ambergrife, (cj abundance of Copperice Stone, (d) jet, (e) Pearls , (f J dne Pebles i tranfparent like Diamonds, al(b Flint, Var- rack, to make Glafs: Befides (not to mention the Rich Commodities yearly Imported from its Fruitful Plantations, that are to it as fo many Mines of Treafure, J England affords Plenty of Corn, Cattle, Fowl, Fruit, Pulfe, Leather, Wool, &c. Whereas, Holland pro* duceth nothing but a few Hops, Madder, But¬ ter and Cheefe. D. The whole Vroduci of your Ifland is nothing, when compared to the (g) Golden Mines of our Frovinces , which have yielded us more Treafure r mfhke, CpJ Cardiganpire, Cmmarthenflme, Varhy- Devonpire, Durham, Staffordpire, Tortijhm, (qj Darbypire, Dorfetpiire, C 0 Angkfey, Chepire, Darbypire, Flintpire, f sj Nottinghampire, (tj Carmarthenpire, C^-) Cornwall, ('u’J Chepire, Cumberland, Worceflerpire, f T) GloiicePerpiire, (y) Cornwall, Devonpire, Darbypire. faj Norfolk, fhj Cornwall, foj Whitfiablejhallow, {dj Norforlh_, (e) Cumberland, (f) Cornwall, Gloucejier- (g) So the Dutch in a Proclamation 1^24. ftiled the Ft- ihing Trade. B 2 th^n ( 4 "I than the Mines of Potofi ^ or loth Indies io Spain. E. The Golden Mines of your Provinces; Pray vvheredo they lie ? D. In Neptmses Store-pond, •se/hich the Eng- liin call their Seas. E. Our Famous Edgar with a Navy of Four hundred Sail, vindicated his Dominion on our adjacent Seas, and Records mention his Succef for Canntus to have laid th^t ancient Tribute called Dattegeh, upon all (whether Strangers or Denizens) trading on our Coafts or Seas. Egbert, Althred and Ethelfied, all ftiled them- felves Supream Lord’s and Governour’s of the Ocean, furrounding the Brittijls Shore. King John (b) challenged the Honour ( or raiher) Duty of the Flag, univerfally paid us, not barely as a Civility, but as a Right ( debits Reverentia ) Acknowledging our Title and Do- r.)in ion. The Famous Record entituled Pro bomini- k-ss Hollandie, {hews hqw Obfcquious your An- cehors w/ere, not only in acknowledging {i) Edward the Firfts Dominion on the Sea, but craving his Protection and Permiffion to Fifii on the Coaft of England ; And had notthe So¬ vereignty of the Brittifi Seas in faCt been in the Crown of England, why did the {k) Earls fhj Anno izog. (!)Annoizp$. (k) Rot. Pat. 23. Ed. IjL mmb. 5. ( 5 ) of Holland Petition Edivard the Third ( snd the (1) French our Henry the Sixth ) for leave to Fiih therein ? And why did your (m) Skippers u(e to purchaie Licenfe from Scarborough Ca- ftle, before they prefumed to cart a Net upon the North Coafts of England ? Wherefore did fhillip the Second of Spain, (n) obtain Licenfe of C^een Mary for his Subjefts to Fifh upon the North Coafts of Ireland for the Term of Twenty. one Years, for which, was yearly paid One thoufand Pounds into the Exchequer of Ireland as by the Records appear ? , D. A Fig for your mouldy Records: I Jay the 'Sea is as free to Fs]h in as --- E. —As the Roads of Holland are to Travel in, where both Natives and Foreigners are forced to pay paffage Ghelt. D. Dordt Interrupt me Sir ; 1 fay, the Sffd is as free to Fijh in as the Air to Breath in , mho doubts it, may read our Great Hugo Grotius’^j Mare li¬ berum. - £. Grotius in his Syha upon the Inauguration of King James (before he was perverted by the Importunities of his Country Men,) fpeak- ing his Thoughts freely fay’s, .- -T’ria Sceptra profundi In magnum coiere Ducem. flj Rot. Pat. 22. Ed, Wth.meml), 2-, fmj Camden % hittama, (nJ 15-52. The : ^ ^ ^ Tiie-Rights of the EngUfi), Scottijh and Irijk Sc.35, are united under one Scepter; tieicher is he (atisfied with that bare Profeffion; Stinie Amnios a Rege tuo qui dat Jura Mari, 'fake courage from the King that giveth Laws to the Seas. And in the fame Bbok in the contemplation of (o great a Power, he concludeth. Fim hie efi qui fine carets Scc.. This is an End beyond an End, a Bound that knows no Bounds, which even the Winds and Waves muft liibmit to. And if you remember when King James oh- ferved your Encroachments, he enjoined his AmbafTadour Sir Dudley Carleton to Expoftulate it with your States, as may be feen in Mr. Se¬ cretaries Letter ^ (o) wherein he tells them, “ That unlefs they fought leave from his Maje- ‘‘ fiy and acknowledged his Right, as other *•' Piinces had done, and did, it might well come to pafi, that they who Would needs bear all the World before them by their Ma- re Liberum, might foon endanger their ha- ‘‘ ving neither Terram, nee Solum, nee Rempub- “ lieam liheram : So much did that Wife Prince (n) 21 . Drr. 1638= dildain ( 7 ) difdain to be wrangled out of the Ancient Rights, and Regalities inherently annexed to his Crown, by the fubtle Arguments of Wit I and Sophiftry. D. Don't teU m of King James, I fay, that the Sea is fee for every Body, and defy yon to few the Contrary. E. Why then do the Venetians exercife Do¬ minion in tht Adriatique, and the Tufcans Lord it in the Tyrrhene Seas ? How comes it to pafs that all your Skippers pay Toll to Denmark for palling the Sound, and to Sweedland for Tailing in the Bal'tick ? Wh(-;refore doth the Republick of Genoa, let to Farm the Fijhery for Jennies in their Neighbouring Seas: And the Emperour of Rttfia compel all Filhermen ( within his Seas) to pay him Tribute: How ist that the like is done by the Duke of Medina Sidonia . in Sfain, and by all the Princes ot Italy bordering on the Seas ? Nay , wheiefore do the Dutch Stile themlelves Lord’s of the Sou¬ thern Seas, and allow far lei:. Liberty in India than they take upon the Enghf Cnalts. But to wave this Dil'putt: Pray Sir, how many Labourers have you in your Golden Mines as you call’d ’em. D. U^on taking an Account of the feveral Trads and Employments, by which the Dutch fub- i fifed ( in order to find which be ft defirved the Fro- \ teBion and Encouragement of the Fitblkk, it ap- ^peared that in knm 1668. The Subjects of the 1 States C 8 ) States General -were (p) Two millions, Four ban- dred and Fifty thoufand , of which f hefuUs thoje employed in the Inland FiOiery,) Four hundred and Fifty thoufand were then maintained by Fijhing at Sea,and the Irafick depetiding thereon J pnee which time we have much encreajed the Numbers of cur Filing Bujjes and Doggers to the great Encourage- me73t of our Navigation, and all Trades depending on the Fifiiery ? £. Which are they ? D. Anchorfmiths, Bakers, Ballefimen, Basket- makers, Blackfmiths, Brewers, Butchers, Carpen¬ ters, Caulkers, Clapboarb-Jflitters, Compaf-makers, Coopers, Duck-weavers, Hewp-drejJ'ers, Hook-ma¬ kers, Hoop-Jlitters, Joyners, Line-makers, Mar- riners, Map-makers, Net-makers, Net-tanners, flummers, Fully-makers, Tump-makers, Rope- ma¬ kers, Sail-makers, Sawyers, Ship-chandlers, Ship¬ wrights, Tallow-chandlers, Thread and Twine-Jpin- Tiers, &c. to the no fmall Prop of the Makers and Venders of all Materials, Tools and Utenpls belonging to thofe Trades, and of all Tradefmen that make ot fell Culinary Wares, Bedding, Cloatbing, &c. for Ma-,riners •, to which may be added. Packers, Tol¬ lers, DreJJers and Couchrs to carry, fort, and make the Herring lawful Mtrebandize, alfo Porters, Car- men, &c. In a word, you can hardly cafi ah Eye upon any fort or condition of People, hut are the better for our Fifhery the community moH of all. (p) Pol. Gron Sc Mnsim? Van Holl. Page 43 . E. Pray E. Pray where, and at what times of the Year do you fifti for Herrings ? D. In the beginning of Jnns, the Herring rifwg ebout two Leagues o/'Cranehead {the outermofi fart of Bratio-found fay there about fourteen Dafs, thence go to Firry IJlandt (feaven Leagues to the Southward of Shetland,) round which they remain one and twenty Day's, thence to Buffinnels (about thirty Leagues to the Southward of Part y IJland,) the Filling flace is called Buffi,n-deeps, and is twenty Leagues to the NoriTivvard ^ of the Frith, where the Herring abide about fourtees} Day’s, and in the Fijhwgground under Chivit-hiils and Chmt chzCQ about fourteen Day’s, thence vse follow them to the Dogger-bank^ where they ft ay about thirty feaven Day’s ; about the beginning of September, they come into Yarmouth Seas, where they continue near feaventy Day's, from whence they \fall to the Sonthwaid, followed byfmall Fifhermen, it being dangerous for Buffer. E. What quantities of Fi/h are yearly taken by the D«rc,6? D. ;, Jbout (q) Fbree hundred thoufands Lafis. ■ E. This confirms Sir iFalter Rawleigh’s Oh- ferrations prefented-to King James, (r^ and Ihews that the Learned Sir Jo^ Burroughs in his Sovereignty of the Brittifli Seas, upon good Grounds affirmed that the Fift yearly taken by (q; Lv. Aitzma. Anno (r) Anno 1^33. G Strangers ( 10 ) Strangers upon our Coafl’s , did amount to (jj above Ten millions of pounds Sterling: But pray Sir, where have you vent for all your Fi/Ii? D. At Artois, Brabant, Bremen, Cleveland, Cologne, Dantzig, Denmark, Elbin, Emb- den, Flanders, France, Frankford, Germany, Gulickland, Hamburgh, Henault, Holftein, Italy, Liefland, Lithuania, Lubeck, Nerva, Norway, Poland, Pomerland, Portugal, Pruf- fia, Quiasbrough, Revel, Riga, Ruffia, Spain, Stade, Stratten, Sweedland, &c. E. Are you never afraid of glutting the Mar¬ kets. D. No more than we are that People will leave eating, great part of the trading World king jet ttnferved, which »the Reajon we yearly fo much ««• creafe the Number of our Doggers. E. What Returns are made for your Filli ? D. Allum, Armour, Baratees and other Frank¬ ford Commodities, Brandy , Bullion , Clapboard^ Coin, Copper, Corn, Currants and other Grocery Wares, Damasks, Dealboards, Dollars, Blax, Fruit, Furrs, Fufiians, Glajl, Hemp, Honey, Httlfop, Iron, Lacs, Lmnen, Milftones, Oyl, Fitch, Plate, Pot- afl}, Trums , Rajlies , Rofin ,~Sat[ensts, Sattins, Silks, Skins, Steel', Tapflry , Tar , Timber, Vel¬ vets, Wamfcots, Wax, (Vines, and ether things ii abundance the exporting of which Commodities a C) Fage 140. '(II) gain to other Countries, gwes our Ships full Ewply- vsent, fo that they need not go in Ballafi to jeek Freight, but by the Trofit of our outovard bound Voyages,are enabled to ferve Foreigners fo cheap,as to render us the common Carriers of the World, confe- quently Mafers of the moil certain Trofitin Trade', for when the Ships arrive fafe in Harbour, though Merchants happen to loofe by their Goods, yet Sea¬ men are paid their full Wages. Befides by continual Bartering of fuch Exports, Holland is rendered the mighty Store-houfe, and Empory of all Foreign Product and ManufaBures, from whofe infinite Mifcellany of Goods its Inhabi¬ tants are compleatly furnijhed with fuch fortable Wares, as enables them to Trade from Port to Fort without danger of glutting Markets. And thus as our Fijhery hath encreafed, our Trade and Navigation ; confiant Employment hath fill made Foreigners flock to us in fuel Numbers, that out of our Multitudes, fapplying (from time to time) the lofi of fo many lives as the change of Climates, Succeffes againfl the Portugefes, and ViBories againjl the Indians have coB us j we have forced Treaties of Commerce, Exclufive to all o- ther Nations: Built Forts upon Straits and Faffes that Command the Entrances into Flaces of great Traffick *, Monopolized all the Spice Trade, and mightily advanced towards Engroffitsg the whole Commerce of the Eaft Indies. E, Well may you boaft , that Amfierdam is Founded upon Herring Bones; and no won¬ der that notwithftanding your fo frequent and G 2 chargsahlf ( 12- ) chargeable Wars ever O'nce your Revolt from Spain ^ there is hardly a Beggar in your btreets. But if in Eolhnil, which contains not above Five miiiions of Acres, its Bogs and Sandy* downs excluded. Holland, where you have no Minerals, and whcieic is in Vain to (hg iur any thing but lurf, Slid Clay. HdUndy where you have no Tree but what you pijntedj nor Stone but what you brought thither. Holland^ fo much lower than the Ebbings of the Tides and Rivers, that at vaft-Expence you are obliged with Mills to drain the very Floods oceshoned by Rain. Holland^ where notwithftanding your conti¬ nual Charge (as wasfaid } in repairing Banks and Dykes; frequent Inundations defrroy Man and Bc 2 ii tor feveral Miles together, and then valt Su.ms (and whole Years ) areipent e’re the Land can be regained, Holland, Mtbere the Eafi Winds coming to you o’iC a mighty length of dry Continent, extream Cold, and long Winters, put you to the fxpence of much Fire, Candles, Food and Rayment; and to great charge and pains in houfing and foddering your Cattle, all which time (living on dry Food ) they yield little MilL . ^ ' Holland^ ( n ) Holland, fo expofed to bleak Winds, that blaft the Bioiloras of its Trees, and Storms that ftatter off e’re ripe their Fruit. Holland, vt7here that little Arrable Land you have, lying generally on fand or light Bot¬ toms, requires much Soil, and where Seed* time is lb ihort, that unlefs it be exatStly nick¬ ed no Profit can be reaped j for when the Seed rots in the Ground ( as by great Rains it frequently happeneth,) the Seafon is general¬ ly pad before it can be Sown again. Holland, whole whole Produd is fcarce fuf- ficient to ferve (t) one Eighth part of its Inha¬ bitants , confequently the reft are obliged to purchafe the fo necelTary Commodities,-Food, and Raymenc of Neighbouring Countries at the Rates they can get them. Holland, whofe Territories extending upon powerful Neighbours, To defend it’s Frontiers, and draw out a War in length by Sieges, in order to determine it, by force of Money ra¬ ther than of Arms; you are obliged to be at vaft Expence in Fortifications and Standing Troops, to defend them even in the time of the profoundeft Peace, for inftance Anno ibjo. ! After all Reforms, you had Ten Regiments of Horfe and Nineteen of Foot, making together Twenty fix thoufand Two hundred Men, the (t) Fol. Gran ^ Maxims van Holland, Page 44. conftant ( H ) coiiflant Charge of which Forces was y 56281 1 S;er!ing per Anmm. 1 fay, if in Holland naturally loaded with theic Difidvantages and Misfortunes, and all their ill Confequences ; notwithftanding you a'e Bridled with hard Laws ^ terrified with fev ire Executions, envirotied with Foreign Forces, arid oppreljed with the mofi cruel Hardjhips and va¬ riety of Taxes that were' ever known under any Government. Your People are become fo nu¬ merous and wealthy, by Filhing upon our Nor¬ thern Goads. Did wsin England diligently apply ourSelves to the Filhing Trade, what a continual Sea Har- velt might we reap, whofe Coafts fo abound with Cod, Hake, Conger, Whiteings, Scare, Sorats, Soals, Oyfters, Salmon, Pilchards, Turbsts, Thornbacks, Mackerel, Herrings, or Ling, all the Year bng. D. Wh) e’ne jafi Juch a Sea Barve^ as the Ham¬ burgers did ( who after five or fix Years trial to Imitate us in the Herring Fifhery, ) found to their cofir we fiill outdid them , and fo we jhall you. E. The lieafon why you outdid the Hambur¬ gers, was becaufe they were yearly Frozen up (w) fom^what longer than you, but feeing by that Start you could out (trip them , furely we need not fear the Goal •, who ( befidss what I fu ) Winiam Tempio’i Obferveftm on the Vnitei Pro- ukefi, (rr) Lex. Mersntfr. PP. iji. ( 15 ) has been faid,) have in Firtiing many more Advantages of you, than ever you had of the Hamburgers. D. The generality of your Countrymen are of a7i0' tier Opinion. E. lam not Ignorant whatinduftry has been ufed to Poyfon my Countrymen with an Opi¬ nion, that none but Dutch-Men can thrive by Fifliing: But unprejudiced Perfons upon ex¬ amining the Matter will find. The Dutch have above an hundred Leagues to Sail before they come to the Herring Fijhe> ry^ which is only in the Brittijh Seas, and when there, muft lie at the mercy of the Winds for want of a Port to Friend, and in Coife of Un¬ loading have as far back again, which takes up a great deal of Time, hinders Bufinefs, and endangers thelofs of their. Markets: Whereas, in England we have the Fiih. upon our own Coafts, lb near our Shears, that in cafe of Storms, Unloading, taking in of Provifions, or the like, it is but four or five Hours work ( commonly not fo much ) to recover an Har¬ bour, and without lofs of time put to Sea a- gain^the work of Unloading, Rep.ickiug,and fending our Fifh to Market going on in all Weathers. D. Jnd have not rve Dogger Boats to take off our Fiji) at Sea., and rcfnrnijh the Ftjliermn rvhh Cask^ and other ncccjjaries, E. Yes Str, and you have the charge and rifgue of thofe Dogger Boat; too fboch whicl ch C i5 ) the Effglijh fave ) after all if it happens to be a Rowling Sea, you rauft lie by and wait for a Calm. D, PFbat other Advantages can you boafi^ E. England t hath many convenient Tide- haven-Ports, as at Hull, Harmch, and Holy Mand to the Northward, and Dover, Rye, Portfmuth, Southampton , Cowes , Weymouth , Dartmouth , Cutwater, Hamofe , Bowey, Fal¬ mouth, Hilford, Scilly, and Milford Wefward, where at low Water all of them are fmall Chihgle or hard Sand; fo that our Veflels may eafily haul a Uidre, and Wafli and Tallow at Pleafure; nor are Creecks and commodious Places wanting in England to lodge our Buffes and Doggers fafe when not employed, fo as to prevent wear of CableSj charge of Watching, danger of Fire, &c. D. What elfe ? E. The Shores of England are bold, its Goads high-land, eafily difcovered, feveral of our Gape-Lands oppofite to France and Holland, make Eddy-Bayes whofe depth of Water is mean as fix, eight, ten, or twelve Fathom the Tides ( on our,own Coafts) are fmall Anchor hold, generally Biff Clay , Chalk or hard Gravel, fo that we need not dread Winter Storms, befides the Advantage we have of lying in a moderate Climate, and in the very Cen¬ ter of the Trade of Europe , affords us oppor¬ tunity of fending to Forreign Parts, from di¬ vers of our Ports at all Seafons of the Year; Whereas, C17) Whereas, the Coafts, of Holland'MiQ extreamly Low, fubje^i to be Mazy and Fog^y, have ma¬ ny Shoals and Sands, forne of .which lie fo.far off at Sea , that frequently Ships are Stranded beforethey fee Land ;nts Ports are bad, and of¬ ten choaked up with Quick-lands j itsHaven’s yearly frozen up two or three Months together: And the l^orth wefl Wind (ulually blowing the greateft part of the Year) makes Holland 3 Lee, and England a Weather-lhore, fo that ( oft times ) whil’ft you are Wind bound or Frozen up at hom.e, we can fupply the Mar¬ kets abroad. Befidss, wanting Wood at reafonable Rate.', you cannot lhare with us in the Red-heriing Trade. As for Pilchards, thev cannot be W'ell cured unlefs brought Freih on Shore, and being taken on our Coali’s, will be Scale e’re they can be cat l ied to Your’s. Not to mention our Rich New England Fi- perjj oiir PVeftern Pons are incomparably Icicu- aced for the Noivfound-Land Fijhery, and the Country it (elf belonging to the Crown of Eng¬ land, you can have no footing there. Near the Pileot Eoudray m Lancajliire, and in feveral other Places along the Shores of fEales ; we can FiOi even without the Charge of Biiffes, for by only lei ting Nets on the Sands at Fiw VVacer, great quantities of Herrings are taken next Tide of Ebb. D D. Thofe ( i8} D. Tboje Herrings on the Coafi^s of Lancafliire ( coKtng newly out of the Ocean ) are Jo fat they vnll not take Salt kindly, confequently are apt to Reajh. E. We now find by Experience, that fat Herrings being preffed and cured like Pilchard?, take Salt kindly, and yield Score of Oyl, to the great Encouragement of our Ship-wrights, Curriers, Soap boylers,- D. How chance this Method was not found out E. Dies Diem docet •, thofe noble Salt Rocks in Ckef.hre, ('fufficient tofupply all Europe) have not been many Years diicovered. Belides, of a Stone abounding in Shroppire, nmch Pitch is now made of fo Excellent a Na¬ ture, Heat only caufeth it to penetrate deeper into Plank , and Cold cannot make it crackle off; boili which are Advantages Holland curst prerend to. D. M^bat more ? E. The CoalPs of Wales^ abound with Afti j which as far excels other Wood for drying Herrings, as its Bark doth all others for tanning Nets; Nor do we in England (as you ) want Willow-hoops from Hamburgh. D. Notwithfianding all the Advantages you peak of your Chief Fifing Towns, Yarmouth WLayftoffe, are beholden either to tss at Enck- huijfen,afis and C 2X ) and unimfroved Lands, jhews its not half Peopled, andofthofe in it, ! Confider. Hotv many Women and Children do jufi nothing, only learning to ^end what others get. How many aremeer Voluptuaries, and as it were Gamefters hy Trade. How many live bypuzeling poor People with un- inteUigibk Notions. How many by perfwading credulous, delicate and litigious Perfons, that their Bodies or Elates are out of Tune or in Danger. How many by Trades of meer Pleafure or Orna¬ ment. How many by Fighting as Soldiers. How many by Myferies of V.ce and Sin, or in a lavy way of Attendance upon others, where then can you hope to find Hands to carry on your Fi- ihery. E. In England, we have Numbers of French Proteftants, who fled from Diep and the Coafts of Normandy, &c. ( bred to the Bufintefs of the Fijhery from their Cradles) that (if fetled in our decayed Fifliing Towns) would as cer¬ tainly make them Flourifh as the Walloon and Burgundean Refugees planted by Queen Eliza¬ beth (w)a.t Norwich, Canterbury a.nd Colchefer, raifed them (then fo Poor ) Cities, to fuch great Trade, Riches and Plenty. (w) 15^8. In ( ) ' In England, we have no Sumptuary Laws: So that Mercers not foreknowing Fafiiions, dare not lay out their Stocks till the Spring, at which time their fudden great Demands ren¬ der Journey Men fcarce, and oblige Weavers to draw in Numbers of Apprentices, who in few Months fupply the Trade of the Nation; when being turned off, many ( like the Inha¬ bitants of the Bath , Epfon , Tunbridge , & who live by exaiSting on Strangers in Summer), are ready to Starve for want of Employment before the next Spring. Were a National Finery eftablidied in Eng¬ land, our Gentry by caufing their Footmen and Servants to rife early and employ their idle Hours in making Nets, might not only reap the Profit of their Work, but by accuftoming them to Bufineft in their Youths, beget in them fuch induftrious Difpofitions, as would prevent ( what now too frequently happens) their be¬ coming Beggars, or worfc in Old Age. The time of Labouring, and induftrious Peo¬ ple well Employ’d, is the beft commodify of any Country; and were a fi^iery ellablilhed in England, how Advantagious would it be to thePublick; When all our disbanded Soldiers, poor Prifoners, Widows and Orphans, all poor Tradefmen, Artificers and Labourers, their Wives, Children and Servants, each vacant In¬ terval may be getting a Penny by braiding ■ and beeting of Nets, &c. The Cm ) The far greatell Part of Englandt Droans, are neither fo Young , nor yet fo Old or De¬ crepit , but chat they may either turn Wheels, ipin Twine, braid or beet Net’s, cut Corks, calf Leads, make Herring Spits, Noilels Swils, or Baskets, Gip, Spir,' Salt, hang or pack Her¬ rings, or at leall tend Fires to lincak or dry them , pick Oaktmi or the like; and as a conihnc Empioyrneiit of our Pc or, cvill be a continual Eafe and Comfort to them, by amu- fing and diverting them from chinking of their Poverty or ocher Miiery j io will it alleviate the Nations Burthen, and in feme meafure be 3 Rc peopling of us too, by adding fo many lo!i Hands to the Service of the Pubiick. D- But (till you Tvsnt Marrimrs^ whereas Sail¬ ers in Holland , are as Common as Beggars in England. E. ’Tis own’d, our want of Marriners e- n ;.ugh at once to Man our Navy, and Collery, c-vif Londosj,- and the Dependencies upon the River of Thames ( dtidng the late War) above Seavsn hundred thoufand Pounds, only in the 'Price of Coals-, by which may be guelTed, ho'.v Detrimental it was to the Trade of our Naiion in General. But the more we want Marriners, tire grea¬ ter Roafem we have to Eftablilb A. Fsjhcry, whidi ( as is fhown in the Preface ) is the bcvll' way to Encreafe their Number. The many Thoufands Englii%, Scotch and Irifa M.trria«!S, who now yearly Filliforyou, WOlilJ ‘ C 25 ) would hardly feek work a broad^ if a Fifijerj af¬ forded ’em full Employment at home, and ’tis odds, but a finer Ceiintry, cheaper and better Food and Rahn'ent, wholefomer Air, eafier Rents and Taxes, will tempt many of your Countrymen to crols the Herring Pond. Since the Peace is concluded and Our Great Ships laid up, we have Marriners enough to begin a Ftfhsry^ and as that goes forwards, it Will proportionably encreafe their Number's. D. Fi(ktf)g is a Work for which the Englilh are unfit, and rec[mres fuch skilful, indufirious and ro- bufi Seamen, as m Country heeds but Holland. E. Your learned Keckerman fay’s, Omnibus Hodie Gentibus, Navigandi, indufirii & feritik Superiores tffe Anglos. ’Tis certain, our Marriners do as cheerfully undergo Hardftips, and are as bold ip Danger as any, and for hard Labour, the working of a Mine is incomparably harder than that of a Bufs. No Country but Great Brittain can boaft, that after twelve Hours bard Work, its Natives will (in the Evening ) go to Foot ball, Stool-ball, Cricket, Prifon-bale, Wreftling, Cudgel-playing, or Ibme fuch vehement Exer- cile for their Recreations j and as for their Ge- nious , its Remarkable, that fuch Lads and Country Fellows as at Tarmeutb, Layfioffe, &c. are once hired into the Filhing Trade, and come to feed on theFifli they catch, it improves them at fuch a rate, that of pittiful weaklings at Land, they become healthful, ftout and E hardy (. 6 ) hardy Perfons, and upon trial find it fo much to cheirliking, that not one in twenty bat take to the Sea for good and all. D. Engliih A^e» are dainty Chaft , and when a Filing cannot fare, like ours. E. It is cereain, they need not for Meat and Drink in Ireland, and in many Parts of Eng¬ land are above as Cheap again as in Holland, which produceth no other Provifipns (for Traffick ) than Butter and Cheefe, and thofe too are Cheaper with us than with you : Be- fides ’tis oblerved, that whatever Dutch Fiflier- men fave.byr eating of Grgut, they drink more than ours in ; D. Jbe AB of .the iZ. Car. 2 . prohibits .the Importation of Irilh Cattle, 'to keep up Rents: Now catching much Fijli .( by. Undering the Confuwption of Flejh^) wyll make Lands, fall. ; E. Doublefs Plenty p'f] Fped,, is a great Blef- fing of God, and no Goodwill de- fire to grovy Rich by a Famine. , . ,; , Itsgenerally •the,:landed Men bear, the Burthep , of th^ jPoor, without.' finding them Work, 'they. ra,ufFim3intain :them 'M ; Where the PQors,Rates,.,are: .High jL’ands will fall, and Rents be ili-p^id.; -, ' ; The, cheaper ?^oyiiiqnsire, the lefsTpxes will fer.ve in time of .War.,^ pioiife-keeping will be lefs Chargeable, and; a (lefi Race maintain our Poor: But vyhere; Prpvilipns are Dear, Work and Wages, will rife in proportion to the great Detriment of Husbandry, and flop tq Im* C 27 ) Improvement?, which (pro tanto) will fa!! Rents; and raife all Manufadures, yet lelTen their Con* lumption both at home and abroad , and Necef- fitate Matters for want of Vent ( by turning off their Journeymen ) to make whole Families of Beggars at once. Catching much Fi(h, will Morally fpeaking, render Ertglandhk fubjed to a Famine, which generally exhautteth more of our Wealth in one Year, than War doth in two. Catching much Fitti, will give work to ma¬ ny Thoufands of boih Sexes that now are cloathed in Rag?, and (through Poverty ) live only on Bread, Water Pulfe, Roots, and the like, who when they come to have the re. wards of their Labours in their Hands, will En¬ courage the Woollen Manufadure, by buying New Cloaths ? and 'Our Farmers by a greater Confumpcion of the'Produd of the Earth, By drinking Strong-beer,' will advance the King’s Excife by encreafing the Number of Tenants’, raife our Rents, yd teffen our Poor’s Race and Taxes, by helping to pay them. Catching much Fifii, will occafion the ex¬ pence of much Butter, and make our Farmers run much upon Dafies, the Bufinefs Whereof though performed by Women, turns tb as good AceoUnf, as the hardett Labour the'Husband- man can employ his Time in: Put cafe the Market Ihould be over ftock’t at Home, Eng- lifh Butter is too Good a Commodify in Flan- E 2 dtrs, ( 28 ) den, France^ Spain, Tcrtugal, 8CC. ever to vvant Vent abroad. The Cheaper our Provifions are, the more Navigation will be Encouraged, more Foreign Ships will Vi(aual with us; fewer of our’s in Ireland, and the more Beef, Pork, &c. lhall we Export to Barbadoes, Jamaica, &c. fo that fuppofiDg Meat (hould not always remain at a very excellive Rate, yet where a greater Con- fumption caufeth a quick Market, though at a midling Price,* if the Proverb true, light gains will make a heavy Purfe. It is cheap Provifions that Enables the Indi¬ ans to Supplant the Europeans in their Manufa- durcs j and ftiould a Fijlmy make Provifions in England but one Tenth part Cheaper, Wages would fall in Proportion, and our Artills grow never the Poorer, yet our Merchants be ena¬ bled ( by underfelling ) to beat all the reft of Europe out of the Woollen Trade, and then our Farmers would gain far more by the rife of the Fleece , than they’d loofe by the fall of the Flejh, After all, the Profit of Land in England doth not wholy Confift in Breeding, abate in Gra- fing, and plow up more Pafture, and FlePi will hold its Price. D. Corn is fo Cheap in England, your Far¬ mers are often Broke by it, what then could you dp wjih greater Qttantities. E. The Reafon why Farmers fometimes Vent for their Grain, is becaufe we have not ( ^9 ) not always Store, and therefore Merchants makes no provifion for the Trade. But if we yearly Sow fuch Quantities of Corn beyond the Expence of the Nation, as Merchants may be no left certain of a conftant fupply here than they are in the Semd ( where the Country depends as much upon their Harveft, as France does on its Vintages,) Plenty would foon cre¬ ate a Trade, and the Advantage of England’s ly¬ ing fo much nearer than Dantzig to the Places where Foreign Corn is exported, together with the Allowance granted by the zy. Car. 2 . upon the Exporting thereof, will fufficiently Encourage Merchants to deal therein. Moft of our Ships are now fent light to Bil- hoa, and Lisbon, (now what loads our Ships helps our Navigation ,) and our Exports toX«- boa not aniwering our Imports from thence ; the more we fend them in Corn, the lefs their V7ines willcoft the Nation in ready Money, or Bills of Exchange which is all one. Gold and Silver Mines England hath none, and in time of Peace no way to get Bullion, but by Foreign Traffick; to which, nothing can more conduce than cheap Filhing, and cheap Working and Maunfa^luring the Com¬ modities, which compofe the Exports of our Kingdom, and that is, not to be effeded except Labour be Cheap, which it can never be where Provifions are dear: But the cheaper our Provifions are, the cheaper pur Exports may be afforded, confequently the more Vent ( 50 ) we fftall have for them , and much Vent will caufe many Workmen, and when the Wheel is fee agoiug, Trade begets Trade, as Fire be¬ gets Fire ; and the mbre Trade encreafeth, the more will' InduftVious People from all Parts flock to us,and 'tenanc'our Houfes, enclofe our Wafls, improve our Lands, encreafe our Ma- nufafftures, and enlarge our Produfts, far be¬ yond the whole E'xpence of our Nation, and thereby in Proportion add to its Wealth and Treafure, for Merchants exporting the Surplus, will in Returns bring back Gold, Silver, and other valuable Commodities, which in England that hath property by Succeflionof Contrads, will difFufe among its Inhabitants, and thus as the Number of Perfons made Rich by their Labour and Induftry encreafe, and the Choice of Tenants and Chapmen are enlarged / a kind of Competition amohgft them, muftand will make Rents and Lands advance in Pro¬ portion : Witnefs Holland, and fuch of our Lands as lie nearGreat and Populous Corpora¬ tions. So true it is, that Trade and Lands are Twins, that always wax and wain together. D.- Notwithfianding what hath been /aid, I advife all yottr Country Men not to be concerned in a Fifliery, for in Holland we have Money at Three, whereas the Trade of England « burthened with Six per Cent Intereft^ con/equently you can never keep pace with sis. £. Why do you not ( for the fame Reafon ) advife us, to forbear Trading to Eafi India, Turkey, Turhy, Spin, France, Italy, Vortugal, &:c.-.iiay, cp quit all Navigatiop, and abandon our Selves to the next Comers. Was it not the; Fijliing Trade gave rife tqaU yqor Wealth, apd as Mo¬ ney grew •,plentiful Iri, Holland, didnot tands rife gradually to near forty Years purphafe, and Intereft fall by. degrees;.fropi Eight to Three per Cent ? Why then jn.ay .nqt we expetS;, : that a Fijhery will do the Janie:in England, .and be a means to regain,pur, .44»y£w/,' (?w»- land, Norway , and Edit, iTlouncry Trades ? For, ftill as Trade by encreafing of Wealth, caufeth an abatement of Intereft, abatement of Intereft, will yet caufe.ia fur.ther ericrcafe of Trade. ,, D. The Dutch are' already fetled injheFlJl^ing Trade. ■ o .. 1 .1;;: , ;■ .'v; E. Stately, Gc»fl!o:ok\ fuch a Sea-Militia hs, always rea¬ dy for Service both by Sea and Land, and and yet no Charge to the Nation till adualiy in it. That.His Majedy maybeaddrelTed to grant Leafes to the faid National Fijliery, of all Wads and Dereiidf Lands to be by them ufed in building Warehoufes, curing Flih , fpinning Twine, and drying and beeting their Nets and the like ; and alfo to be by them didributed a- mftngd ftch of their Apprentices, their Heirs and Affigns, as lhall have faithfully ferved them Eighr' or more Years, not more then five Acres apiece. D. Ujion ( 59 ) D. Ufon the whole, 1 confeJS, that England may 'out Fiji} us, hut then you muft have nothing to do with Companies , only make it every particular Man's Interefi, and thefl foon make it their Buline^. E. Its Dangerous taking a Rivals Advice, and well known Why Fijh was fo Cheap this Year in Spain, Portugal, Paly, and other Englijh Mar¬ kets ; yet fold fo well in the Eaji Countries. Glutting Markets may Ruine particular Men, but its far more Difficult to put Tricks upon Companies. D. After all, where can you find a Set of Honefi Men, to carry on a National Filhery in England ? E, In Amfierdam, you have your Church- War¬ dens, Dirediors of Bethlem, of your Rafp-houie, of your Spin-houfe^d'c. Commiffioners for your ,fmall Differences, and thofe of your Levant Trade, your Sea Affairs, .d'c. alfb your V-roed- fchap, yOur Schepens, and your Burge-maflers, which are Places of far more Trouble than Pro¬ fit, yet (being the ufual Reps to Preferhient) are generally ( like that of Common-Council- Men in London ) officiated without Reproach. Not for that the Dutch are honefler Men than their Neighbours; But becaufe fuch are found tardy in thofe Employments are barred all fu¬ ture hopes of Advancement And fhould our Parliament addrefs his Majefiy to prefer in the CuRom houfe, Excife, &c: fuch as behaved t'hemfelves well in the Fijlsery, and make breach of TruR therein, to incapacitate Men from ier- ving the Government in any Employment Mi¬ litary, or Civil Tor.Years ( how (mail Wages C 40 ) Wages fbever the Corporation allowed,) the Company would never want Servants, that Vo- luntier like, would vie with each other, who fhouid heft ierve their Country by moft promo¬ ting its Fiflnr]. D. An Honcfi-Manis a Citizm of the iForU^ Gain, eqisahfeth all Vlaces to me. .And when you Settle a Filhery upon better Terms than ours ( as »■;/ Grandfather left Antwerp when its Trade began to decay, and removed to Amfterdam ) Ik bid a~ dkuto F Vaderlandt, and Remove to London in the Interim: Farewel. CONCLUSION- QEeing in the Preamble of an ACT pafled in 0 the i4Crty 2. ’Tis declared,C|)attijCPub* Mi |) 0 ttou?, ©ealtij anti ©afetp of tbiis Eeami,a^ loeiu'u tlje Maintenance anb g)uppo?t ot iSabigation, ao in manp otbet Eefpecto botlj in an bisb Degree, bepeub upon tlje 3!mp?obement awb €\v- coucagement of tlje fishery. And leeing the way to all this Honour, Wealth and Safety isCo Plain and Eafie, that by only : Frugal and Induitrious management ol Affrii ( without ftarrelling with our Neighbours , ) w may quickly become foie Mafters of the Fifjing Trade. For fhame let not Engltfo-Men Prov. 26. 13. longer fay, with Solomonh Jloatkful Iherc is a hVay.