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 SHORT PAPERS FOR MUSLIMS. 
 
 Nos. 1-8. 
 
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 THE CHRISTIAN LITERATURE SOCIETY FOR INDIA : 
 ^ LONDON AND MADRAS. 
 
 
 

Short Papers for Muhammadans, No- 1. 
 
 ' DUTY OF SEARCHING FOR THE 
 
 RIGHT PATH. ! 
 
 1 *09 l 
 
 When suffering from a deadly disease, we are very J 
 , anxious to have a skilful physician and the best medicine. I 
 A mistake may cost our lives. We all have the disease of 
 sin, more loathsome than leprosy, more deadly than 
 cholera. Leprosy and cholera affect only onr short life 
 on earth ; sin may not only shut us out from the joys of 
 heaven, but cast us into the place of torment. The 
 question is, therefore, of the utmost importance, Who is 
 the best physician for sin ? What is the best medicine ? 
 
 Fdtiha, the first chapter of the Koran, is as follows : — 
 
 Os I O s I o 
 
 G G^ I O 3: |G 5: ^G _ | G „ +, J Gr*G^ 
 
 -G s: — — ^ G „G jG ^ G j G ^ G s; jjG^ „ 5; 
 
 tljo ^AalLw*l Isl^all l>JJb) cJU! j iXuo cJb] 
 
 ^G*< 55 ^ G G^^ G j G^.G G ^ G G^.^ G^G*. 
 
 The following is an English translation of the above : 
 “In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, 
 
 Praise be to God, Lord of all the worlds ! 
 
 The Compassionate, the Merciful ! 
 
 King on the Day of Judgment ! 
 
 Thee do we worship, and to Thee do we cry for help ! 
 
 Guide Thou ns in the right- path ! 
 
 The path of those to whom Thou art gracious ! 
 
 Not of those with whom Thou art angered, nor of those who 
 go astray.” 
 
 The whole of the Fatiha is excellent. It praises God 
 for His greatness and mercy. Tt acknowledges Him to be 
 the Lord of all the worlds, King of the Day of Judgment. 
 We ought to worship Him, and cry to Him for help. 
 
 The chief prayer in the Fatiha is, “ Guide Thou us in the 
 right path ; the path of those to whom Thou art gracious, 
 not of those who go astrav.” “ The right path” is that 
 which leads to heaven. The prayer shows that there are 
 wrong paths by which we may be led astray, which lead, 
 not to heaven, but to hell. Hence it is most important 
 to find out the right path. 
 
 1ST. Ed.] 
 
 The Christian Literature Society for India. 
 
 [10.000. 
 
2 SHORT PAPERS EOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 1 . 
 
 Although a man may firmly believe that he is in the 
 right path, this does not prove that such is the case. 
 Hindus confidently believe that by worshipping idols and 
 bathing in the Ganges they will goto heaven. Musalmans 
 rightly judge that Hindus are mistaken, and that they will 
 find out their error only when it is too late. It is possible, 
 therefore, for Musalmans as well as Hindus, to be mistaken, 
 and it is the duty of all to examine carefully whether their 
 way is the right way. 
 
 While it is right to pray to God to lead us in the true 
 way, this of itself is not enough. We pray to God for our 
 food, “ Give us this day our daily bread,” and it is our 
 duty to look up to God to supply our wauts. If, however, 
 a farmer, instead of ploughing his fields and sowing seed, 
 merely prayed to God for a harvest, could he expect to 
 get food for himself and his family ? We act like the 
 farmer if we simply pray to God to guide us in the right 
 path, and do not carefully examine whether our path is the 
 right one. 
 
 Hindus, as a rule, act blindly according to custom ; they 
 follow the religion of their forefathers without enquiry. 
 We should not behave like sheep that simply follow one 
 another ; but use the reason which God has given us, and 
 judge for ourselves. 
 
 We are all suffering from the dreadful disease of sin; 
 not one of the many crores of people in the world is free 
 from it. There are two physicians and two medicines 
 offered. The older physician is the Lord Jesus Christ ; 
 His medicine is the Injil. The younger physician is 
 Muhammad - Sahib ; and his medicine is the Koran. It is 
 the duty of Musalmans to compare both carefully, with 
 earnest prayer to God to lead them in the “right path.” 
 
 Musalmans generally believe that the Koran says that 
 the Injil has been corrupted and set aside. This shows 
 that they have not examined what the Koran says about 
 the Injil, but only taken up a bazar saying. If they 
 will study the Koran they will find that it calls the Injil 
 the “ Word of God” (a)JI ; that the Koran confirms 
 the Tujil ; and that it is the duty of all to observe the Injil. 
 This is proved by texts from the Koran, in Arabic as well 
 as English, given in a little book called, The IFiVuess of the 
 Koran t,o the Christian Scriptures* Brother, get it and 
 read it carefully; but, above all, read the Injil itself, with 
 prayer to God to lead you in the “ right path.” 
 
 • Sold by Mr. A. T. Scott, Tract Depdt, Madras. Price i Anna. 2 copies 
 post-free for 1 anna. 
 
 S. P. C. K. Press, Madras. — 1896. 
 
qs) 
 
 .A* 
 
 s 
 
 GJJjc) C^> r> TgC 7^ 
 
 t S/wr/ Papers for Muhammadans. No. 2 ■ 
 
 | WHAT THE KORAN SAYS OF THE INJIL. 
 
 As there is good and bad money, so there are sayings 
 which are true and false. A wise man, before taking money, 
 looks at it, and, if doubtful, tries it by the touchstone. 
 So should we do with what we hear. We should not 
 believe everything, but examine whether it is right or not. 
 
 Muslims generally think that the Koran declares the 
 Injil to have been corrupted and abrogated, or altered and 
 set aside. It will now be shown that the Koran says exact- 
 ly the opposite. By the Injil is here understood the whole 
 of the Christian Scriptures, divided into the Taur&t, Zabur, 
 and Injil. 
 
 1. The Koran declares that the Injil has been given by 
 
 God. 
 
 Sura Sijda, Ayat 23, says that God gave the Taurit to 
 Moses; Sura Beni Israel, Avat 56, says, “We gave unto 
 David the Zabur”; Sura Maida, Ayat 10 says, “ We gave 
 Jesus the Son of Mary the Injil, containing direction and 
 light.” 
 
 2. The Names given to the Injil in the Koran show the 
 esteem in which it was held by Muhammad Sahib. 
 
 The following names are given to it : 
 
 In Sura Maida, Ayat 48, “The Book of God”; in Sura 
 Baqr, Ayat 74, “ The Word of God ” ; in Sura Anaam, Ayat 
 92, “ a light and direction to men ” ; in Sura Safdt, Ayat 
 117, “ The perspicuous book ” ; in Sura Ana&m, Ayat 154, 
 “ a perfect rule”, “ a direction and mercy”. 
 
 One name given to the Koran is Al Furqdn, distinction, 
 as showing the difference between good and evil. The 
 Koran, in Sura Baqr, Ayat 52, gives the same name to the 
 Taur£t. 
 
 '3. The Koran says that there is no distinction between 
 
 it and the Injil. — Sura Shori, Ayat 1, says that God 
 revealed His will to Muhammad Sahib as He did to the 
 prophets before him. Sura Baqr, Ayat 136, says, “We 
 make no distinction” between the Koran, the Taurat, the 
 Zabur and the Injil. 
 
 4. The Taurat and Injil are commanded in the Koran 
 to be observed. — Sura Maida, Ayat 72. says, “Ye are not 
 grounded on anything until ye observe the Taurat and 
 Injil.” 
 
 ’C3) 
 
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 1st. Ed.] 
 
 The Christian Literature Society for India. 
 
 [10,000. 
 
SHORT PAPERS FOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 2. 
 
 The Injil has not been corrupted or altered. 
 
 It is true that Sura Baqr, Ayat 78, accuses some Jews 
 of Medina of copying the Taurat incorrectly, that they 
 might sell it at a small price ; but this applied only to a 
 few copies. The Taurat and Injil were in the hands of 
 millions scattered over the Roman and Persian empires; 
 all these copies could not have been corrupted. Besides, 
 nowhere in the Koran are Christiana accused of corrupting 
 the Scriptures — only the Jews. Even among the Jews it 
 was only a few wicked meu. Sura Ardf, Ayat 160, says 
 that among the Jews there were some truthful men : would 
 such persons have corrupted the Scriptures ? 
 
 There are copies of the Injil written more than a 
 hundred years before the birth of Muhammad Sahib, and 
 these copies agree with the present. There were translations 
 four hundred years before the Koran was written, and 
 these also agree with the present Scriptures. 
 
 It is true that in copying the Scriptures some slight 
 mistakes have been made, but they do not affect their 
 great doctrines. The Taurat, Zabur, and Injil have never 
 been corrupted, by .Jews or Christians. If they had 
 been corrupted would they have beeu called in the Koran 
 the ‘ Word of God/ ‘ A1 Eurqdn’ &c. ? Would Muhammad 
 Sahib have told the people to observe them ? Would he not 
 rather have warned them against reading them ? 
 
 The Injil has not been abrogated or set aside. 
 
 It is a mistake to thiuk that the Koran abrogates former 
 Scriptures. It says the opposite. In Sura Baqr, Ayat 96, it 
 is written that the Korau confirmed that which was before, 
 and the same is said in Sura Yunas, Ayat 38. 
 
 Sura Imran, Ayat 4, says of those who disbelieve the 
 Scriptures that “ they shall suffer a grievous punishment.” 
 Sura Mumin, Ayat 73, says that those who charge the 
 Korau and other Scriptures with falsehood shall be burned 
 with fire. Sura Nisa, Ayat 149-151, condemns those who 
 accept the Scriptures only in part. 
 
 Duty of Muslims. 
 
 It will be seen from the foregoing the high esteem in 
 which the Injil is held in the Koran. Let all Muslims, 
 therefore, read, with care aud prayer, what the Koran calls 
 
 the “Word of God” <dll “A light and direction unto 
 
 men.” 
 
 Notb. — The 
 in Arabic and E 
 Scriptures.” Price ^ Anna, 
 
 Madras. 
 
 
 texts given shortly above will be found in full, both 
 English, in “ The IVitness of the Koran to the Christian 
 Sold by Mr. A. 1’. Scott, Tract Dep6t, 
 
 8. P. 0. K. Press, Madras — 180b 
 
Short Papers for Muhammadans. No. 3. 
 
 “ ASK PARDON FOR THY SINS.” 
 
 
 c^iJ jSLA\»H ^ 
 
 Where are these words to be found ? In the Koran, 
 Sura Mumin, Ayat 57. Who is RJiid to have spoken them ? 
 God. To whom were they addressed ? To Muhammad 
 Sahib. 
 
 In the Koran there are several other texts of the same 
 kind. In Sura Nasr, Avat 3, it is written, “ Praise thy 
 Lord and ask pardon of Him.” In Sura Fatah, A vat 2, it 
 is written, “ God may pardon thee thy former and latter 
 sin.” 
 
 Tradition also represents Muhammad as seeking pardon 
 for sin. In the Mishk&t, (x. iii ) it is written. “ Verily 
 I ask pardon of God and turn from sin towards Him more 
 than seventy times daily.” Some of his last words, when 
 dying, were, “ Lord, grant me pardon,” “ Pardon.” 
 
 If Muslims must confess that even Muhammad was a 
 sinner, much more must they allow that all other men are 
 sinners. Most persons are so wicked that they do not think 
 of their sins. Many regard a 1 ! sins only those crimes, as 
 theft, murder, &c., which would cause them to be punished 
 by an earthly judge; but God looks at our thoughts and 
 words as well as our actions. The heart is the fountain 
 from which our actions proceed. 
 
 The Injil says : “ Whosoever looketh on a woman to lust 
 after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his 
 heart.” “Every idle word that men shall speak, they shall 
 give account there of in the day of judgment/’ 
 
 To tell whether a garment is clean or dirty, place it in the 
 sun : so we should look at our sins in the dazzlinsr light of 
 God’s presence. A holy man of old said of God, “ Thou 
 hast set our iniquities before Thee, our secret sins in the 
 light of Thy countenance.” Another confessed, “ We 
 are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are 
 as filthy rags.” 
 
 All must confess that they have sinned. 
 
 Sin deserves punishment. — No country could prosper if 
 people could break the laws with impunity : it would soon 
 be full of crime. Much more mu«t the great Lord of the 
 universe punish those who break His righteous laws. From 
 the earliest times and among all nations, it has been felt 
 
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2 
 
 SHORT PAPERS FOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 3. 
 
 that sin deserves punishment. The Koran contains fearl'ul 
 descriptions of the tormeuts that await sinners in hell. 
 
 Supposed good works cannot counterbalance evil deeds. — 
 Suppose a man is accused of theft before a judge. He replies 
 that, he stole only on four days last month, while on 26 
 days he lived honestly : would this excuse be accepted f If 
 a man committed only one murder and during the rest of 
 his life did not harm any one, would he be pardoned on 
 this account? Our sinful actions are countless, and they 
 cannot be atoned for by our supposed good deeds, even the 
 best of which are only like filthy rags. Unless some one 
 intercede for us, we must all go to the place of punishment. 
 
 One sinner cannot intercede for another. — A man who 
 canuot pay even his own debts cannot pay those of 
 auother ; so he who is himself a sinner cannot make 
 atonement for sin. It has been shown that the Koran 
 repeatedly says that Muhammad was a sinner : he cannot 
 therefore intercede for us. 
 
 The Sinless Intercessor. — A rich man may pay the 
 debt of a poor man ; an innocent man may plead for the 
 guilty. Is a sinless Intercessor to be found ? Yes, blessed 
 be God, who has provided One. 
 
 In the Koran six prophets are considered the principal — 
 Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus Christ, and 
 Muhammad. All of them, except Jesus Christ, are described 
 in the Koran to have sinned: Jesus Christ is the only 
 sinless prophet, and therefore the only intercessor. 
 
 On account of our sins we deserved to die. Jesus Christ, 
 in His great love to us, offered to suffer in our stead, and 
 died on the 'cross; but He rose from the dead on the 
 third day, and afterwards ascended to heaven, where seated, 
 as it were, on the right hand of God, He makes intercession 
 for all who trust in Him as their Saviour. He is the 
 intercessor appointed by God, and however great our sins 
 may be, He can obtain pardon for us. 
 
 Brother, when you view your thoughts, words, and 
 actious as in God’s sight, you must acknowledge that your 
 sins are countless. A holy man of old said, “Mine 
 iniquities are more than the hairs of mine head : therefore 
 my heart faileth me.” Take refuge in the sinless Prophet, 
 seek for pardon through Him alone and not for any of your 
 supposed good deeds. Ask God to give you His Holy 
 Spirit to cleanse your heart and enable you to do His will. 
 Thus will He watch over you through life, the sinless 
 Prophet will be your advocate at the day of judgment, and 
 you will dwell for ever in God’s heavenly palace. 
 
 8. P, 0. K, Pres*, Madra*— 1896. 
 

 Short P apers for Muhammadans, No. 4. 
 
 m m 
 
 i_s^' 
 
 THE SINLESS PROPHET. 
 
 The six chief prophets mentioned in the Koran are 
 Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad. 
 Of these prophets only one was sinless. 
 
 Adam ate the forbidden fruit and was driven out of Para- 
 dise. Noah sinned through drunkenness. In Sura Noah, 
 Ayat 20, he asks pardon. Abraham was such a good man 
 that he was called the “ Friend of God Yet he was not 
 sinless. Twice he told lies about his wife. Moses was 
 a great prophet ; but on account of his sin he was not allowed 
 to enter the Promised Land. The Koran shows clearly 
 that Muhammad also was not sinless ; because, like Adam, 
 Noah, Abraham, and Moses, he also sought pardon of God. 
 In Sura Mumin, Ayat 57, God says to Muhammad, “ Ask 
 pardon for thy sins.” The same command is given in 
 Sura Muhammad, 21st Ayat. But neither in the Injil nor 
 the Koran is any fault attributed to Jesus ; He is never 
 told to ask pardon for His sins. 
 
 Other prophets were called KhaUl-ullah, “ Friend of 
 God,” or Rasul -ullah, “ Apostle of God.” Mere men may 
 be so called ; but in the Koran Jesus is called Kalimat-ullah, 
 the “ Word of God,” and Ruh-ullah, the “ Spirit of God.” 
 
 A man makes himself known by his words; so God 
 makes Himself known to us through Jesus Christ. A good 
 man’s word represent himself : as God is pure and sinless, 
 so must be His Word. Jesus is called the “ Spirit of 
 God.” The spirit of a man is the man himself; Jesus 
 therefore being the Spirit of God must be Himself God, 
 and therefore perfectly sinless. Hence the Koran 
 shows clearly that Jesus, as the Word of God and the 
 Spirit of God, must be fur greater than any other prophet. 
 
 The Injil, in many places, describes Jesus as holy, harm- 
 less, undefiled, without blemish or spot. From birth to 
 death, He was perfectly sinless. He never cast evil eyes 
 upon any woman, spoke any bad word, did any evil deed ; 
 This is very wonderful. 
 
 Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Muhammad were all 
 sinners, all asked pardon from God, and confessed that 
 if God did not pardon them they would perish. Only Jesus 
 Christ was pure and spotless. Consider then, brother, 
 
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2 SHOET PAPEE8 POE MUHAMMADANS, NO. 4 . 
 
 or whom will you rely — on a sinner or on the Sinless One ? 
 On the guilty or the guiltless ? Can the man who is fallen 
 into a pit deliver out of it another man who has also fallen 
 into it ? Muhammad confessed that he himself depended 
 only on the mercy of God : by his own merits he could not 
 deliver even himself ; how then can he deliver you ? But 
 Jesus is sinless, and therefore He can deliver from sin 
 those who put their trust in him. He can do this for the 
 following reasons : — 
 
 1. Because Jesus is sinless, He has been able to make 
 atonement for sin. — As the debtor cannot pay another’s 
 debt when he cannot pay his own, so he who is himself 
 a sinner cannot make atonement for sin. But as a kind 
 rich man may pay the debt of the poor, so the sinless Jesus 
 has been able to make atonement for our sins. The 
 punishment which we ought to have borne for sin, He 
 bore in our stead. Therefore, though He was sinless, it 
 was necessary for Him to die upon the cross. Thus, 
 because Jesus is sinless, He has been able to make atone- 
 ment for our sins. He therefore is the Saviour. Hence the 
 Injil says, “ He bare our sins in his own body on the tree.” 
 
 2. Because Jesus is sinless, He can show us the right path, 
 and can give us strength to walk therein. — He who is sinless 
 can make no mistake, and will therefore never lead us 
 wrong. The path that He points out is certainly the way 
 to heaven. He can also stretch out His hand to help us on 
 the way. If we follow sinners, we shall be sinners ; but if 
 we lay hold on Him who is sinless, follow Him, become 
 His disciples and obey His commands, we, too, at the end 
 will find ourselves sinless. 
 
 3. Jesus, being sinless, can be our Advocate in the Court 
 of Cod. — We must all stand before God to be judgod. Wo 
 are sinners and must confess our guilt. Who then can 
 plead for us ? Can Muhammad be our advocate ? He 
 was himself a sinner ; can one criminal be the advocate of 
 another ? But if Jesus, the Word of God and Spirit of 
 God, plead for us, all will be well. Blessed be God, Jesus 
 is willing to bo our Advocate. It is written in the Injil, 
 “ If any man sin we have an Advocate with the Father 
 (that is, with God), -Jesus Christ the righteous.” 
 
 Brother, take refuge in the sinloss -Jesus. His teaching 
 is found in the Injil ; read it therefore and you will be able 
 to learn about Him. Believe on Him : then you will obtain 
 pardon through the atonement that He has made ; and Ho 
 will ever bo your Advocate with God. Ho, the Sinless One, 
 will load you in the right path till death ; Ho will then 
 make you perfectly sinloss, and tako you to heaven. 
 
 S. 1’, C. K.. Press, Madras — 1896. 
 

 
 Short Papers for Muhammadans. No. 5. 
 
 JESUS CHRIST. 
 
 Jesos Christ, Tsn ^[as^h, was horn at Bethlehem in the 
 country of Judea, nearly 1900 years ago. His mother’s 
 name was Mary: hence he is called Ibn-Mariam. No man 
 was His father ; at His birth Mary was a virgin. The 
 special power of God descended on Mary, and through this 
 Jesus was born. The Koran, Sura Arabiya, 91 Ayat, says : 
 “ She who remained a virgin, we put within her our spirit 
 (Rub) ; in this way we have made her and her son a sign to 
 all people.” 
 
 It is written in the Injil that Mary was told by the 
 Angel Gabriel how her son should be born: “The Holy 
 Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest 
 shall overshadow thee ; therefore also that holy thing 
 which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of 
 God.” Luke i. 35. 
 
 On the night that Jesus was born, some shepherds were 
 watching their flocks. An angel appeared to them and 
 said : “ Fear not : for behold I bring you good tidings of 
 great joy. For unto you is born this day a Saviour which 
 is Christ the Lord ” Luke ii. 11. 
 
 At the age of thirty years, Jesus began to go about, 
 teaching and working many miracles. Just before doing 
 so, the Spirit of God, like a dove, descended on Him, and 
 a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son in 
 whom I am well pleased.” Matt. iii. 17. 
 
 But what do we mean by the word “ Son ” here ? It is 
 not. meant that Jesus Christ was the Son of God in the 
 ordinary way. As Musalmans would call such a thought 
 kufr (blasphemy), so would Christians. When it is said in 
 the Injil that Jesus Christ was the Son of God, the mean- 
 ing is this. The son is of the same nature as the father : as 
 the son of man is man, so the Son of God is God. As the 
 father exceedingly loves the son, so God the Father love3 
 Jesus Christ with a very special love. As the son of a 
 king is greater than all his subjects, so Jesus was greater 
 than all the prophets All other prophets were sinners; 
 Jesus was the sinless God. 
 
 Jsus healed the sick, cast out devils, gave sight to the 
 blind, made the lame walk, the deaf hear, cleansed lepers, 
 and raised the dead. He also taught many important 
 
 1st. Ed.] 
 
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2 SHORT PAPERS FOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 5. 
 
 truths. We must not rely on mere outward worship, for 
 God looks at the heart. Jesus taught that we ought to 
 love all men, hot only those of the true religion. The first 
 aud great commandment is, “ Thou shalt love the Lord thy 
 God, with all thy heart/’ and the second is, “Thou 
 6halt love thy neighbour as thyself.” Jesus also said 
 that salvation could be obtained only through Himself. 
 “ I am the way, the truth and the life ; no man coineth 
 unto the Father but by me.” John xiv. 6. 
 
 After going about teaching and working miracles for 
 3^ years, the Jewish priests, who hated Jesus for reproving 
 their sins, caused Him to be put to death. His hands and 
 feet were nailed to a cross, and after suffering great agony 
 for six hours He died. 
 
 It may be asked why God allowed a sinless prophet to 
 be put to death ? Jesus Christ came to the world to make 
 atonement by His death for the sins of men. When a 
 man is heavily in debt and has nothing to pay, if a rich 
 man has mercy on him and pays his debt for him, the 
 poor debtor obtains release. We all, by our sins, had 
 become, as it were, debtors to God. The wages of sin is 
 death. But the sinless Jesus died in our stead, and made 
 atonement for sin. In consequence of this, those who 
 believe in Him obtain deliverance from their sins. 
 
 On the third day Jesus rose from the dead, and after 
 remaining on earth 40 days, went up to heaven. 
 
 From this short accouut the greatness of Jesus Christ 
 can be clearly seen. 
 
 His birth was miraculous. His mother was a virgin : 
 He was born by the special power of God. Jesus Christ 
 was sinless. All the other prophets were sinners and 
 prayed to God for the pardon of their sins; but Jesus 
 Christ never sought pardon, for He had never committed 
 sin. By His death Jesus Christ made atonement for the sins 
 of men ; no other prophet has been able to do this. Jesus 
 Christ died, but rose again from the dead and will never 
 die again. Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Muhammad are all 
 dead. Jesus Christ ascended to heaven and now sits at 
 the right hand of God, and intercedes with God for all those 
 who believe on Him. No other prophet has been able to 
 do this. Jesus Christ will come again at the last day, aud 
 judge all men. No other prophet will do this. Hence, 
 Jesus Christ, in many respects, is greater than all the other 
 prophets. 
 
 Brother, take refugo in Jesus Christ: only by Him can 
 salvation be obtained. 
 
 S. 1 J . C. K. Press, Madras — 189G. 
 
Short Pa hors for Muhammadans, No. 6 . 
 
 t 
 
 ! 
 
 r 
 
 JESUS OR MUHAMMAD? 
 
 ON mnCTT WILL YOU RELY? 
 
 $ Musalmans and Christians agree in many things. Both J 
 9" acknowledge that there is one God, the Creator of all 9* 
 ® men. Both confess that men are sinful, and need both 
 prophets and books to instruct them. Both acknowledge 
 that by Moses God gave the Tanruf ; by David the Zahur ; 
 and by Jesus Christ the Injil. But Musalmans say that 
 after Jesus Christ Muhammad Sahib came as a prophet ; 
 that he is the last and greatest of the prophets. Christians 
 reply that Jesus Christ is the last and greatest of the pro- 
 phets, and only by Him can salvation bo obtained. Let 
 us now compare the two, and let us accept the one whom 
 we find to be the greater. 
 
 1. Compare their Births. — Muhammad’s father was 
 Abdulla and his mother Amina; he was born of his father 
 and mother like other men. Tt is true that, ignorant 
 Musalmans tell wonderful stories about the birth of 
 Muhammad ; but intelligent Musalmans know that there is 
 nothing about them in the Koran, and that these tales were 
 invented many years after Mnhammad’s death. 
 
 But the birth of Christ was very wonderful. The Koran 
 acknowledges, (Sura Ambiya, 91st Ayat,) that “ God 
 breathed of His Spirit into her who remained a virgin.” 
 Thus Jesus was born by the special power of God. 
 
 2. Compare their Characters. — Muhammad, it is true, 
 was charitable, kind to his friends, and had some other 
 excellent qualities. On the other hand, he engaged in 
 many expeditions to plunder cai’avans, and took a fifth or 
 more of the spoils ; he fought several battles, and ordered 
 hundreds of captives to be put to death. Although he 
 limited his followers to four wives, he claimed that God bad 
 given him permission to take more, and he even coveted 
 and married Zeinab, the wife of his adopted son. The 
 Koran distinctly says that Muhammad was a sinner. Sura 
 Mumin, Ayat 57, says, “ Ask pardon for thy sins.” Sura 
 Nasir, Ayat 3, says, “ Praise thy God and seek pardon from 
 Him.” In Sura Fatah, Ayat 2, it is written, “ May God 
 forgive thee thy former and thy latter sin.” From these 
 proofs it is clear that Muhammad was a sinner like other 
 men. 
 
 1st. Ed.] The Christian Literature Society for India. [10,000. 
 
2 SHORT PAPERS POR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 6. 
 
 Jesus Christ, on the other hand, never took the property 
 of any one ; never lifted His hand agaiust any one, much 
 less killed any one. He said that He had come, not to 
 destroy men’s lives, but to save them. His whole life was 
 pure and spotless. The Koran shows that. Jesus was 
 sinless. The other prophets mentioned sought pardon 
 from God, and were therefore sinners. But the Koran 
 does not give an account, of a single sin of Jesus Christ. 
 In Sura Kisa, Ayat L 69, Jesus Christ is called the Word 
 of God (. Kalimat ullah ) and the Spirit of God, (bitch ulla). 
 He must therefore be sinless, while it has been shown that 
 Muhammad was a sinner. 
 
 3. Muhammad worked no Miracles ; Jesus Christ worked 
 many Miracles. — Musulmans, it is true, say that Muham- 
 mad split the moon into two parts and worked several 
 other miracles. These accounts of miracles were written 
 more than a hundred years after Muhammad’s death, and 
 are unworthy of belief. In the Koran Muhammad himself 
 clearly states that he never worked a miracle. When 
 unbelievers asked Muhammad to show them a sign, he 
 said (Sura Anqabut, Ayat 49) “ Signs are in the power of 
 God alone, and I am no more than a preacher.” 
 
 4. Muhammad died and was buried ; Jesus Christ died 
 to make an atonement for sin , but He rose from the dead . — 
 Muhammad was born like other men ; and died like other 
 men after death. He was buried, and his body went to 
 corruption. 
 
 In the Koran there are two accounts of the death of 
 Jesus. In Sura Imran, Ayat 48, it said that He would 
 die; but in Sura Nisa, Ayat 156, it is said that He was 
 not killed, but God took Him to Himself. The lujil plainly 
 says that Jesus died on the cross; but on the third clay He 
 rose from the dead, and afterwards ascended to heaven. 
 
 It may be asked, if Jesus was sinless, why did he die ? 
 Jesus, the sinless Oue, took our sins upon Himself, and made 
 an atonement for us, and this is the reason why He died. 
 
 Musalmau brother, consider which can give us true 
 salvation — Muhammad or Jesus ? Muhammad was born 
 in the ordiuary way ; Jesus by the power of God. 
 Muhammad confessed himself a sinner; Jesus was sinless. 
 Muhammad wrought no miracles, but Jesus did many won- 
 derful works. Lastly Muhammad is dead, his body has 
 turned to dust; but though Jesus once died, He has 
 ascended to heaven, and over lives to intercede tor His 
 people. Brother, take refuge in Jesus Christ. Put your 
 trust in Him ; know Him as the only Saviour. You will then 
 obtain deliverance from sin, and will certainly go to heaven. 
 
 S, r. C. K. frosts, Mudrats — 180U. 
 
t 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Short Papers for Muhammadans, No. 7. 
 
 t 
 
 t 
 
 i 
 
 OUR FATHER IN HEAVEN.” 
 
 Among the many names of God, one of the sweetest is ^ 
 that of “ Father.” It expresses both the love and the > 
 reverence with which we should regard Him. Jesus J 
 Christ teaches usto address Him in prayer as, “ Our Father 
 in Heaven.” 
 
 An earthly father is the means of giving birth to his 
 children ; but he is only like the instrument. It is God 
 who gave us life, who keeps ns in life ; He is our true 
 
 An earthly father supports and watches over his children; 
 but all that he gives has been received from God. We live 
 upon God’s earth ; it is His sun that shines upon us ; every 
 thing we have is His gift. 
 
 What is the duty of a child to a father ? He should love 
 him ; he should delight to be near him ; he should obey him 
 cheerfully ; he should honour him, and try to please him 
 in all things. 
 
 Have we thus acted towards our heavenly Father ? 
 Alas, no. We have been disobedient, rebellious children, 
 caring only to please ourselves. As such we deserve to be 
 shut out for ever from His holy presence ; but He yearns 
 over us with a father’s love, and earnestly invites us to 
 return to Him. Jesus Christ, taught this bv the beautiful 
 parable of the Prodigal Son, which is as follows. 
 
 A son asked from his father the portion of goods that, fell 
 to him. As soon as he had received it, he went to a far 
 country, where he soon spent all that he had among wicked 
 companions. He was so poor that, he was sent to keep 
 swine, and so hungry, that he would gladly have filled his 
 belly with some of the food that the swine did eat,. 
 Afterwards he thought that while he was starving, his 
 father’s servants had bread enough and to spare. Then he 
 said to himself, “I will arise and go to mv father, and will 
 say to him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and in 
 thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called t.hv son.” 
 As soon as his father saw him coming, he ran, fell on his 
 neck, and kissed him. Then the father said to his 
 servants, “ Bring forth the best robe and put it on him ; 
 and put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet.” He 
 
 Father. 
 
 1st. Ed.] 
 
 The Christian Literature Society for India. 
 
 [10.000. 
 
2 
 
 SHORT PAPERS FOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 7. 
 
 also ordered them to make ready the daintiest food. Full of 
 joy he said, “ This my son was dead and is alive again ; he 
 was lost and is found.” 
 
 This parable is a faint emblem of God’s willingness to 
 receive repentant sinners. 
 
 But God is our King as well as our Father. A father 
 may forgive his repentant children, but a king cannot 
 pardon criminals simply because they are sorry. If a debtor 
 cannot pay what he owes, he is liable to be sent to prison ; 
 but if a kind rich man pays it for him, he is set free. 
 Jesus Christ willingly agreed to die on the cross for the 
 sins of men, and pardon is now freely offered to all who 
 take refuge in Him and seek forgiveness in His name. 
 
 Brother, have you not been disobedient to your heavenly 
 Father and King ? Have you loved Him as a father and 
 honoured Him as a king ? Have you not rather often 
 forgotten Him and broken His laws ? How many lies have 
 you told, how many filthy, angry words have you spoken ; 
 how often have you quarrelled with others; how many 
 envious, lustful thoughts have you had in your mind I A 
 holy man of old, when he thought of his sins, said that they 
 were more than the hairs of his head. 
 
 When we stand before God to be judged at the last 
 day, we need an advocate to plead for us, or we must 
 perish. Who can be our advocate ? Can Muhammad do 
 so ? Can one criminal intercede for another ? In Sura 
 Mumin, 57 Ayat, it is said to Muhammad, “ Ask pardon for 
 thy sins.” We ueed a sinless advocate, and such is the 
 Lord Jesus Christ. Now receive Him as your Saviour, 
 trust in Him alone for salvation, and not to any supposed 
 good works of your own. Confess your sins to God, aud 
 seek pardon- in the name of Jesus. Ask God also to give you 
 His Holy Spirit to purify your heart aud enable you to 
 do His will. 
 
 Repentant children are drawn far more closely to God 
 than those who are merely His children by creatiou. They 
 are His redeemed children ; Jesus Christ is their elder 
 brother. What will God do for you, if you are one of 
 them ? You will have a father’s eye to watch over you ; a 
 father’s ear to listeu to your prayers, and a father’s home to 
 receive you at last. Oh the happiness of having God for a 
 Father ! 
 
 The Bible says, “ Have we not all one Father f Hath not 
 one God created us ?” Such being the case, we are all 
 like brothers and sisters of the same family, and should 
 love each other. How often have we acted otherwise ! Let 
 us seek, with God’s help, to be more loving in future. 
 
 8. P. C. K. Press, Madras — 1896. 
 
Short Papers for Muhammadans, No. 8. 
 
 
 THE TRUE WAY TO HEAVEN. 
 
 Hindus often say that the religions of the world are 
 different roads leading to the same citv. Mnsalmans and 
 Christians do not believe this. As well might it be paid to 
 a railway traveller, “ Take any train : all lead to the same 
 city.” 
 
 Although Mnsalmans and Christians agree that there is 
 only one true way to heaven, they differ as to which is the 
 true way. Let us consider first the ways pointed out in 
 the Koran. 
 
 Sura Muhammad says that all who die in battle fighting 
 for Islam go to Paradise, while cowards will be sent to 
 hell. Consideration will show that this cannot be the true 
 way. A man killed in battle may have been a thief, 
 adulterer, murderer : will such a man go to heaven merely on 
 account of his death ? Neither does a man deserve to be 
 sent to hell merely because he is afraid in battle and runs 
 away. Muhammad was engaged in many wars, and said 
 this to encourage his soldiers to fight to the death. 
 
 But Mnsalmans generally hope to go to heaven on 
 account of their belief in Muhammad, their prayers, alms- 
 giving, fasting, and other religious observances. Thev 
 believe that their good and bad actions will be weighed, 
 in a balance and those whose good deeds outweigh the bad 
 will go to Paradise. 
 
 To this it is replied, that our bad actions immeasurably 
 outweigh our supposed good deeds. Most men regard as 
 sins only these outward actions which all consider wrong; 
 but God, who is infinitely holv, looks also at the heart, 
 from which outward actions proceed. Jesus Christ, Isa 
 Masih, savs in the Injil, that “whoso looketh upon a 
 woman to lust after her, hath already committed adultery 
 with her in his heart.” Who can reckon up the proud, 
 angry, envious, covetous, lustful thoughts that have passed 
 through his mind ! How many angry words have we 
 spoken ? how many lies have we told ! How often have 
 we forgotten God ; taken His name in vain, and otherwise 
 disobeyed His command ! 
 
 1st. Ed.] 
 
 The Christian Literature Societt for India. 
 
 [10.000. 
 
2 SHORT PAPERS FOR MUHAMMADANS, NO. 8. 
 
 The holiest men feel most their own sinfulness ; they 
 acknowledge that their best actions are mixed with sin and 
 are like filthy rags ; that clothed in them they cannot stand 
 iu the dazzling light of God’s presence. 
 
 But eveu granting that our good actions are perfectly 
 good, they cannot atone for our evil deeds. Suppose a 
 criminal says that during 20 days iu a month he neither 
 stole nor did harm to auy one ; would that make up for his 
 misconduct on the other days ! The law demands perfect 
 obedience, and even for oue murder during a long life, the 
 punishment is death. 
 
 Musalmaus, however, may say that Muhammad will 
 intercede for them. The reply to this is, that one criminal 
 cannot intercede for another. In the Koran it is 
 repeatedly said that Muhammad was a sinner. In Sura 
 Mumin, 57 Ayat, it is said, “ Ask pardon for thy sin.” 
 
 Brora all this it is plain that we cannot be saved by our 
 own good works. It is like a man, with only a few annas, 
 trying to pay a debt of many thousands of rupees. The 
 only way is for a kind rich man to pay it for him. Somewhat 
 in this manner, God, knowing that we could not be saved 
 by our own good works, has graciously provided a way of 
 salvation. 
 
 Isa Masih, called in the Koran the “ Word of God,” 
 (Kalimat-ullah ) , and the ‘Spirit of God/ (Ruh-ullah ) , agreed 
 to become man, and die on the cross in the room of sinful 
 men. lie thus, as it were, became our surety, and bore the 
 punishment of death due to our sins. He also perfectly 
 obeyed all God’s law, and, as it were, prepared a spotless 
 robe of righteousness for His followers. Isa Masih offers to 
 take upon Him all the sins of those who take refuge in 
 Him, and to give them His robe of righteousness. When, 
 at the last day, those who believe in Him have to plead 
 guilty, the Sinless Prophet will intercede for them ; when 
 they confess that they have no merits of their own deserving 
 heaven as a reward, Isa Masih secures it for them by His 
 spotless righteousness. 
 
 But will all who call themselves Christians be saved ? 
 Certainly not. ls£ Masih will say to many such, ‘‘1 never 
 knew you; depart from me ye workers of iniquity.” He 
 will acknowledge only such as obey His commands, who 
 follow His holy example. Brother, giving up all hope of 
 being saved by your own merits, take refuge iu Isa Masih, 
 and ask God, for His sake, to give you His Holy Spirit to 
 enable you to overcome every sin, and be adorned with 
 every virtue. Thus shall you be happy here and hereafter : 
 this is the true and only way to heaven. 
 
 S. P. C. K. Press, Madras — 18U13. 
 
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