I i£x Hthrta SEYMOUR DURST When you leave, please leave this book _ "Because it has been said "Ever'thing comes t' him who waits Except a loaned book." ' THE HUDSON RIYER GUIDE, A NUMBER of elegant Steamboats, for the convey- r.nce of passengers to Albany and Trot, and the in- termediate Landings, alternately leave the City, from the foot of Barclay-street, at 7 o'clock, A. M., and Cortland t-street, at 5 o'clock, P. M., every day during the season ; usual fare $3,00, meals extra. In addition to the above passage boats, a number of smaller steamboats, and boats towing freight barges, also carrying passengers at a lower rate, leave every day, from different wharves, for Fort Lee, Sing-sing, Peekskill, Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Kingston, Cats- kill, Hudson, Albany, and Troy. On leaving the wharf, tlie view from the wafer is grand and imposing ; the passenger has a distant *iew of a part of Long Island, Staten Island, and the smal- ler Islands in the harbour and, bay of New-York. — The shipping on the Hudson River is visible, extend- ing from the Battery on the south, to Fort Gansevoort on the north, a distance of about 3 miles; Jersey City and Hoboken, on tha New Jersey shore, are also spen to advantage. • After leaving the compact part of the City, which cx- ^ tends from the Battery, at the junction of the East and North Rivers, to Twenty -first street, (a distance of 3 1-3 miles,) on which is situated, near the river, the Pro- testant Episcopal Theological Seminary — as you pro- ceed, you have adistinct view of the beautiful and im- portant Island of New-York, extending 10 miles fur- ther, to Spuyten Duyvel's Creek, or Harlaem River, which divides New- York Island, (formerly called Man- hattan Island,) from Westchester county. The aver- age breadth of the island is 1 1-2 miles— tfaje area of tlis whole being about 14,000 acres. HUDSON KIVER GUIDE. The Lunatic Asylum is situated on a beautiful emi- nence near Manhattanville, seven miles from the City- Hall. The ground on which the buildings are located, is elevated 150 feet above the Hudson River, and from the cupola is a fine prospect of the island, and the adja- cent country. The next object of attraction is the palisades, a high ridge of rocks or bluffs, from one to five hundred feet in height, commencing about 8 miles from the City ; in many places they are almost perpendicular, and extend to Tappan, a distance of 18 miles. The site of Fort Lee, is 10 miles from New-York, on the vsrest side of the river, on the brow of the Pali- sades, at the height of 300 feet above the water ; nearly opposite to which, on a high hill on the east side of the river, stood Fort Washington. This neighborhood was the scene of important military operations during the Revolutionary War. An Hotel much frequented, is delightfully situated a few rods from the landing, at Fort Lee. Dobb's Ferry, 23 miles north of the City of New- York, was an important point during the revolution ; the ferry is now discontinued. Here is a steamboat landing, and in the vicinity, a number of beautiful coun- try residences. Tapp/in Bat commences about 24 miles from New- York ; the river here expands from 4 to 5 miles wide, for a distance of about 8 miles. The village of Tap- pan is situated on the west side of the river, about 2 1-2 miles from the landing called " the Sloat," near the line which divides the State of New-York from New Jersey. Here Major Andre was executed, jCfctober 3, 1780, after being captured by Van Wart, Patjl(3ing and Williams, near Tarrytown, on the opposite side of the river. Tar-rttown, 27 miles north of New-York, is de- lightfully situated on the east side of the river. The ground here rises with a rapid ascent, affordiag fine HUDSON mVER GTTIDE. picturesque views up and down the river, overlooking Tappan Bay, which here attains its greatest width. At Sing-sing, 33 miles from the City, is situated one of the New- York State Prisons ; the village, also the State buildings, are distinctly visible from the passage boats. Here are confined about 1000 State Prison con- victs ; the main building is five stories high, and stands parallel with the river. Hayekstraw Bat commences 35 miles from New- York, and terminates at Stony Point ; being about 6 miles in length, and from 2 to 4 in width. Caldwill's Landing is 45 miles from the City of N. York, by water, and 100 miles from Albany ; this is the first landing the passage boats make ascending the river ; directly opposite is the village of Peekskill, pleasantly situated on an elevation about half a mile from the water. On leaving the above landing, one of the grandest views in nature is opened to the beholder ; the river takes a sudden turn to the left, and you are at once surrounded by high and abrupt hills designated the Highlands, which awaken recollections of the deep- est interest, as every mile, and every peak, bring fresh to the mind events recorded in the war of Inde- pendence — alternately are we thinking of Washington, ■ the greatest; Putnam the most daring; and Arnold, the basest, of those who strove for the freedom of their country. The Highlands or Fishkill Mountains, are about 16 miles in width, and extend along both sides of the Hudson to the distance of twenty miles ; the height of the principal peak has been estimated at 1665 feet, — Anthony's nose, 1128 feet high, is opposite the mouth of Montgomery creek, overlooking the site of Forts Montgomery and Clinton. West Point is 53 miles from New- York, and 92 miles from Albany. The scenery here is doubly in- teresting; as every object which meets the view, is not only grand, and connected with stirring events which are recorded in history, but located at this place is the United States Military Academy, now in successful 6 HUDSON mVKR GOTDE. operation, which was established in 1803. There are here generally about 240 cadets, young men sheeted by the Secretary of War from the difFerent States. — They are educated for the United States Army, and for Engineers, and remain for a term of four years. — The buildings are delightfully situated on a plain ele- vated 1S8 feet above the river ; there are six large stone buildings belonging to the institution, and several of brick, for Officers, Professors, &c. On an adjoining height, 998 feet above the water, arc the ruins of Port Putnam. The West Point Hotel, kept by Mr. J. H. Holt, is near the landing, it is pleasantly situated, and from its piazzas, presents a delightful view up the river through the Highlands ; it is a place of great resort, and conducted in a stylo surpassed by no similar es- tablishment, At the village of Cold Springs, above West Point, is situated an Iron Foundery belonging to the United States. At this place there has recently been erected, on a rook which overhangs the Hudson River, a Ro- man Catholic Church, partly built through Protestant liberality. Pollopel Island is situated at the northern entrance of the Highlands, 6 miles above West Point, between Butter Hill on the west and Breakneck IIill on the east ; on the latter is the rock called Upper Anthony's Nose. Newbijrgh, 62 miles from New-York, nnd S3 from Albany, is delightfully situated on the west side of the river. The scene here changes, after leaving the High- lands ; on ascending the bank of the river, which is somewhat elevated, a plain extends until the CatskiH mountains are seen rising in the west, and extending north as far as the eye can reach. The village is built upon a declivity, which rises with a steep ascent from the water's edge, presenting the whole to view at a sin- gle glance. This place is perhaps inferior to no other between New- York and Albany, in the value of its trade and location, being supported by an extensive and ferlile back country, and contains a population of about 7 7000 inhabitants. Several stages leave daily for the west. The principal Hotels in Newburgh are, the United States Hotel, steamboat vi^harf, kept by Mr. Hathaway; Orange County House, Colden-street, kept by A. Belknap ; Nicholson's Hotel, and Tuttle's Hotel. The Hudson and Delaware Rail-road Company, is incorporated for the purpose of constructing a rail- road from Newburgh, through the County of Orange, to the JSfelaware River, -which will intersect the New- York and Erie Railroad, when completed. Distances from J^ewbiirgh to Buffalo. Montgomery 12|Montrosc, 20 110 Bloomingburgh, 12 24 N. Y. State Line, 23 133 Kome, 3 27|Owego, 8 141 Montioello 13 40 Ithaca, 29 170 Corketon, 20 60 Geneva, 43 215 Mount Pleasant 23 83 Buffalo, 106 321 Tunshannook, 7 901 Frojti Ithaca to Tortland on Lake Erie, 181 " Newburgh to do., 351 FiSHKiLL Landing is directly opposite Newburgh, on the east side of the river ; about a mile from the land- ing is the manufacturing village of Mattewan. The village of Fishkill is very pleasantly situated about 5 miles from the river. Hampton is 7 miles above Newburgh ; directly op- posite is New-Hamburg. PouGHKEEPSiE is 75 miles from New- York, and 70 from Albany ; the village is located about half a mile from the landing, and is one of the handsomest places on the banks of the Hudson. The interior of the vil- lage is airy though compactly built, and contains up- wards of 8000 inhabitants. A number of beautiful private edifices have been recently erected, besides an extensive building two stories high, occupied as a town hall and public market. The Hotels are celebrated for their good management, and abound with good fare ; dainties can easily be procured from New-Yoik, and the surrounding country is proverbial for its agricnltit^ ral resources. s HUDSON EIVEE GTJIDE. Htde Park Landing is about 6 miles north of Poughkeepsie, near ■wliich are a number of beautiful country seats. Rhinebeck Landing is about 10 miles farther north. The east shore of the river in this vicinity, affords desirable seats for country residences, many of which can be seen from the passage boats. Kingston Landing is opposite Rhinebeck on the west side of the river, 90 miles from New- York and 55 from Albany. The village of Kingston is pleasantly situated on a beautiful plain, 3 miles from the river. Among the works of art that render this village an object of interest to visiters, Mr. Cram's new bridge, isjustly admired. — ' 111 order to give the public some idea of the plan upon which this bridge is built, we subjoin the following description : — The bridge is supported by one main arch, which arch extends from shore to shore ; it is 250 feet in length, 32 feet high, 28 feet wide at either end, and 20 feet in the centre. The roadway of the bridg'e, which is suspended from the arch alone by strong rods, 13 17 feet above the surface of the water. The arch is formed of timbers 60 or 70 feet in length, and 6 by 12 ■ inches thick, spiked and bolted together, making a depth of four feet, and one foot in thickness. At RondoiU, on Rondout creek, one mile from Kings- ton landing, in a southwest direction, is the termination of theDeHware and Hudson Canal, extending to Hones- dale in Wayne county, Penn., a distance of 109 miles ; from Honesdale a railroad is continued 16 miles to the coal mines at Carbondale. Redhook Lower Landing is 7 miles aboveKingston. Redhook Upper Landing is about 10 miles from Kingston on the east side of the river ; nearly oppo- site, on the west side, is the manufacturing village of . Saugerties. Catskill, 111 miles from New- York and 34 from Albany, is a flourishing village ; the Catskill Creek flows through it, and empties into the Hudson River at this place ; tfn the stream are a numbey of mills and HtrnSOH RIVER GtriDE. 9 manufactories. The village is in the immediate neigh- bourhood of the Catskill mountains, and has become the resort of the people of fashion and pleasure, who de- sign a tour to the Pine Orchard, 12 miles distant, sit- uated on the Catskill Mountain, 2212 feet above the sur- face of the Hudson River, where a splendid Hotel has been erected for the accommodation of visiters, which commands an extensive prospect of the course of the Hudson, and of the surrounding country as far as the eye can reach. About 2 miles west, are the falls of the Katerskill, a tributary of Catskill creek, which presents a beautiful and rovnantic cascade of 240 feet in two per- perpendicular descents. Stages leave Castkill for the Pine Orchard twice a day, fare one dollar. The Cats- kill and Canajoharie Railroad Company, is incorporated for the the purpose of making a railroad to intersect the Erie Canal at Canajoharie. The length of the road, when completed, will be about seventy miles. From Catskill to Canajoharie: 11 ohmt 4 34 To Cairo lOKortright, 6 40 Freehold, 5 15 Delhi, , 9 49 .Oak Hill, 7 23 Meredith 7 58 Livingstonville, 8 30 Franklin,' 14 70 Middleburg 9 39 Sidney, 16 86 Schoharie, 5 44 Unadilla 2 88 Sloansvillo 5 49 Guilford, 9 97 Charleston, 7 56 Oxford, 7 104 Canajoharie, 12 68 Greene, 5. 8 113 iTriangle 6 US From Catskill to Ithaca. 'Lisle, 8 126 To Cairo lOEichford, 11 137 Durham, 6 16 Caroline, 6 142 Stamford 14 SO Ithaca, 7 149 Hudson, 1 16 miles from New- York and 29 from Al- bany, situated on the east bank of the Hudson river, is the head of ship navigation. The city next to the water is built on a bluff which projects into the river in the form of a wedge, and expands into a beautiful and extensive plain, containing a population, of about 6000 inhabitants. The business is chiefly confined to a single' street, which extends nearly a mile, intersected by 10 HUDSON BIVER GTTIDE. Other streets at right angles running parallel with th« river. A number of the most wealthy citizens of Hud- son have embarked extensively in the whale fishery, 10 fine ships are owned by the Hudson Whaling com- pany, many of which have been remarkably successful, employing a capital of $200,000. A railroad is finished from Hudson to the Massachusetts state line, a distance of about 27 miles. New Lebanon, situated in Columbia county, New- York, about 25 miles from Hudson, is a place of great resort ; numerous visiters are attracted thither during the summer months, some to visit Lebanon Springs for the benefit of their health, others for pleasure and to sea the Shaker settlement, about a mile from the Springs. Athens, directly opposite Hudson is favorably situ- ated on a gentle slope of land, rising gradually from the river, and contains about 1000 inhabitants. CoxsACKiE Landing, is S miles north of Hudson, and 21 from Albany. KiNDERiiooK Landing, 10 miles from Hudson and J9 from Albany. The village of Kinderhook is situa- ted 5 miles east of the river. New- Baltimore is 4 miles further north, and 15 miles from Albany. Coetmans, 2 miles further north. Castleton, 4 miles further north, and 9 miles from Albany, is the lasi landing the passage boats make, as- C'^nding the river, until they arrive at Albany. The OvERSLAnoii Bar, is 3 miles south of Albany; tho obstruction to navigation at this place, has lately been much lesrened by artificial means, the Govern- ment of the United States having made an appropriation for that purpose. Albany, the capital of the State of New- York, is eligibly situated on the west bank of the Hudson river, 145 miles north of New-York, 164 west of Boston, 252 south of Montreal, and 296 east of Buffalo, lat. 42, 28, N. , long. 73, 62, W. Since the completion of the Erie snd Champlain Canals, in 1825, this city has much in- HTTBSON KIVEE GVIM. n creased in population and trade. A lar^e number of steamboats and sloops are constantly employed in con- veying freight and passengers between Albany and New-York during the season of navigation There are also several thousand canal-boats which trade to this place by the Erie and Charnplain Canals. The city of Albany contained in 1835, a population of 23,109 , inhabitants. The State House, situated at the head of State-street, about half a mile from the steam-boat landing, is a commanding object to the stinger. Also, the City-Hall, a few rods nortl>east, and the Albany Academy, directly north of the Capitol. There are 20 places of public Avorship, many of them elegant build- ings, besides a number of fine edifices for the use of the city; Incorporated Companies, Seminaries, &c. , also, six Banks, three Insurance Companies, besides many other incorporated and unincorporated institutions. — The principal Hotels in Albany are, the Eagle Tav- ern, American Hotel, Adelphi Hotel, Congress Hall, City Hotel, Mansion House, Bement's Hotel, Park- Place House, Fort Orange Hotel, and Montgom.ery Hall. Steamboats for the conveyance of passengers, leave every morning and afternoon for New-York, stopping at the intermediate landings. The carriages and cars on the rail-road for Schenectady, start from State-street every few hotu's ; canal boats are hourly leaving for the west and north, and stages are continu- ally starting for the north, east, and west. The Mohawk and Hudson Rail-road, which com- mences at Albany, extends to Schenectady, where com- mences the Utica and Schenectady Railroad ; thus com- pleting a continued railroad communication 86 miles west. A rail-road is constructed between Syracuse and Auburn, and between Rochester andBatavia ; the rail- road is also nearly completed between Utica and SjTa- ciise, which will so far complete the line of rail-roads to ButFalo, that it is easy to foresee that but a short time will elapse before a continuous line will be estab- lished to Lake Erie, thus making the spring and winter 12 HUDSON EIVEE GUIDE. facilities of transportation, nearly equal to those of the Bummer. Trot, 6 miles of Albany on the east side of the riv- er, is the head of steam boat navigation, although sloops ascend through the State-lock, situated at the upper end of Troy, to Lansingburgh, 3 miles, and Waterford, 4 miles north of Troy. The city of Troy is elegantly laid out on a plain considerably elevated above the Hudson, and contains a population of about 18,000 inhabitants. A large proportion of the trade of the Erie and Champlain Canals enters at Troy, this city being conveniently situated near the junction of those important channels of communication. In the city and vicinity are numerous cotton, iron, and other manufactories, besides flourishing mills, breweries, &c. The public buildings are the Coiu-t House, (one of the handsomest in the United States, built of stone, in tha Grecian style of architecture,) several elegant Churches, a Market-House, four Banks, &e. The Troy Female Seminary, situated on the public square, is a plain and spacious brick edifice. The principal Hotels in Troy are, the Troy House, Mansion House, National Hotel, City Hotel, Mechanic's Hall, and Washington Hall— The river is crossed at Troy by a bridge and conven- ient Horse Ferry-Boals im^Utfcj the opposite village of West Troy, on ihe^^H^Hb. ( which place has arisen within a few years, oj^HpRpital and enterprise of the citizens of Troy,) thei-^^mmences a Macadam- ised road, the best in the state, which extends to Albany. The communication between Albany and Troy, by stages and steamboats, is half hourly during Ihe day. — Steamboats leave daily for New- Vork, and stages and canal boats leave almost hourly for the north and west. There is no place on the banks of the Hudson, which presents more of the agreeable and interesting than this beauitful city. Situated at the head of navigation, on one of the noblest rivers, it naturally commands an extensive and profitable trade from the north and west, and it possesses facilities for its increase scarcely ri- TOTJB TO THE SPRINGS. 13 vailed by any place in the union. Its population must now amount to at least eighteen thousand. Lansingbubgh, 3 miles ahove Troy, and 9 miles north of Albany, is a place of considerable trade, and connected with Waterford by a bridge over the Hud- son river. Wateeford, 10 miles from Albany, and 155 miles from the city of New- York, is situated at the conflu- ence of the Mohawk and Hudson, where navigation entirely ceases. From the bridge over the Mohawk, about one mile west of the village, there is a fine view of the Cohoes Falls, half a mile distant. The Junction of the Erie and Champlain Canals is about a mile south of the above bridge. The Erie Canal descends at the Xine Locks, in the immediate vicinity, while the Champlain Canal is carried on a level from Waterford, by means of a dam over the Mohawk River, until it intersects the Erie Canal — forming altogether atti'ac- tions well worthy the attention of the traveller. TOUR TO T|^ SPRINGS. The travelling to Ballstori Spa and Saratoga Springs, is now mostly confined to the rail-roads which leave Albany and Troy. The route from Albany, is by the way of the Mo- hawk and Hudson and the Saratoga and Scheiiectddy Mail-roads. The cars start from the depot on the north iside of State-street, a little below the capitol in Alba- ny, several times during the day. The distance to Schenectady is 15 miles, which is quickly passed over, when propelled by a loco-motive engine. The Saratoga and Schenectady Rail-road, commenices at the termination of the Mohmk and Hudson Rail-road, 14 TOUR TO THE EPEINGS. near the junction with the Erie Canal, and extends across the city, through an excavation which is walled on both sides, to the Mohawk bridge over the Mohawk river ; it then continues in a north direction to Balls- ton Spa, 14 miles ; thence to Saratoga Springs, 7 miles further, where it terminates. The route to the Springs from Troy, is by the Rem- selxr and Saratoga Mail-road ; the cars start from River street, Troy, crossing the Hudson River at Federal street to Green Island, thence continues across the sprouts of the Mohawk River to Waterford, a distance of 4 miles ; then jjarallel with the river and Champlain Canal to Mechanicsville eight miles ; thence north- westerly twelve miles to Ballston Spa, whei-e the rail- road terminates'; intersecting the Saratoga and Sche- ncctaibj Rail-road, The village of Ballston Spa, is in the town of Milton Saratoga County . It is situated in a valley near wTiich flows the Kayaderosseras creek, which emp- ties its waters into Saratoga lake, about six miles dis- tant, in an easterly direction. Ballston lake lies 4 miles south. The principal attraction at Ballston Spa are its celebrated mineral waters. The Spring fust discovered in the vicinity, stands on a flat at the west end of the village, and is enclosed by a plain iron fence ; besides this spring, several other springs of equal celebrity have been discovered, some from acci- dental causes have flown to the surface, while others have been discovered by boring. The principal hotel is the Sans Sotrci, at the east end of the village, which is delightfully situated and is kept in a superior manner, bemg celebrated for its accommodations. There are also several other board- ing houses which afford excellent accommodations during the summer months. The village was incorporated in 1807, and contains about lopo .inhabitants; a court house Mtd clerk's of- TOVR TO THE SPMNGS. 15 fice, one bank, three churches, a reading room and library. Saratoga Spkings, 7 miles northerly from Ballston Spa, and 36 miles from the City of Albany, is now the most celebrated watering place in the United States. The village is located on a level spot of ground, partly surrounded by pine and hemlock trees, the growth of a sandy soil ; and if not enjoying the advan- tages of a fine prospect, at least the advantages of a salubrious air and fine climate The springs, so justly celebrated for their medicinal virtues, are situated on the margin of a vale, bordering the village on the east. In the immediate vicinity, are 10 or 12 Springs, the principal of which are, the Congress, the High Eock, the Hamilton, and the Flat Rock. About a mile east, are found a cluster of mineral springs which go by the name of the Ten Springs. Congress Spring is situated at the south end of the village, near Congress Hall ; it is enclosed in a tube sunk into the earth 12 or 14 feet, and is surrounded by a wooden railing. This is the most important spring in the village ; hundreds during the summer months, are continually flocking to this spot to drink of the water. In the morning is the greatest concourse ; — persons of almost every grade, from the most fash- ionable to the most abject are here to be met, who as- semble at this place either for pleasure or health. — Several large and convenient bathing houses have been erected ; there are also other places of resort, aa well for amusement as health. The boarding houses are of the first class ; the principal are. Congress Hall, the United States Hotel, Union Hall, and the Pavilion, besides several others on a less extensive scale. The price of board varying &om 4 to twelve dollars per week. RAILROAD, STAGE, AND STEAMBOAT ROUTES. ^