AVTRY Al<( I II 1 1 ( 1 URAL AND FlNi; ARTS LIBRARY Gift of Seymour B. Dursi Old York Library 0V<- IOII& gox 5| THE HUDSON GUILD 436-8 West Twenty-seventh Street, Ne Ipo York City Spinet e en Hundred Ten HUDSON GUILD PRINT See report on the printshop I GDfftrrrB of tljr iiufosott (Swlii urustrcs Mrs. George L. Beer Alexander M. Bing Samuel P2ise man- Arthur M. Eisig George B. Greer Charles J. Liebmann Otto Eidlitz Mrs. Bella Hirsch Robert B. Hirsch I. H. Klein- Leo Stein- Herbert L. Stein A. W. Openhym James Cullen Max Mendel Charles J. Liebmann Herbert L. Stein . Alexander M. Bing . President Secretary Treasurer itxi'ruttuc ^>taff John Lovejoy Elliott . . ... . Head Worker Miss Fannie E. Wolff Samuel Gleason Miss Ella B. Westcott Miss Jane Fulton John A. F. Splain Miss Marie Valentine Mrs. Anna W. Hoiioff Arthur L. Blue Miss Olive L. Whitson Miss Mary E. Ehle . . . . . . Librarian Miss Sarah Eliot Newman Music Director Miss Katharine Osborne Nurse From the Junior League, through the Nurses' Settlement THE HUDSON GUILD (Emmril (Committees House Committee . District Committee Membership Committee Education Committee Entertainment Committee CHELSEA Committee . Pool Room Committee George B. Greek Max Meyer Miss Julia Wolfe William A. I- ark ell . Joseph McManus Mrs. Anna W. EiOHOFF Albert I). Patterson John Lovejoy Elliott Joseph P. Molloy, Jr. John A. F. Splain . Robert Daggett . President Vice-President Secretary Treasurer tiubaon (Suilb Alhlettr Asanrtatinn William Cowrie President Albert D. Patterson Secretary William A. Far r ell Treasurer Joseph A. McManus .... Financial Secretary Thomas McKlligott .... Serjeant-at-Arms Executive Committee Chairman Louis Smith Court of the Clubs' Council Thomas Dowling Arthur Smock Max Meyer John A. F. Splain William A. Farrell 6 THE HUDSON GUILD Holtmtrrr Unrkpre Mrs. Adler Miss F. Altschul Miss J. Bachman Miss L. Barbe Mrs. Geo. W. Beer Mrs. A. Bellar Miss F. Bernkopf Mrs. Alex. M. Bing Mrs. Blum Joseph K. Blum Miss Elsie Brod Miss Bruns Mrs. Button Miss Etta Cohen Mrs. Cullman Miss Cullman Mrs. Jas. B. Curtis Miss F. Davidson Mrs. Wm. Dawson Miss A. De Pinna Miss W. Doherty Mrs. S. Eiseman Miss F. Ernst Miss C. Fleischman Miss Furchgott Mrs. Fleming Miss M. Gans Miss Goldstone Miss M. Goodkind Mrs. Harburger Mrs. Hecht Miss Henry Mrs. A. Herman Mrs. E. B. Heymann Miss Alice Hirsch Mrs. Bella Hirsch Miss Louise Hirsch Mrs. Eugene Hoeber Miss Hurry Miss T. Isenstein Miss D. Jacoby Mrs. W. Jonas Miss L. Kalman Mrs. J. Kaufmann Mrs. Klaber Miss Dora Lange Mrs. Lippmann Miss A. Loeb Mrs. F. A. Lyons Miss Maas Mrs. A. W. Martin Miss P. Matzner Mrs. Max Mendel Miss B. Morgenstern Miss L. Morgenstern Miss B. Munker Miss New Miss H. Newman Miss S. E. Newman Miss L. Parsons Miss M. Persico Miss Helen Phillips Miss E. Phillips Miss E. Plaut Miss J. Randolph Miss E. Ries Mrs. L. Rosenblatt Miss Rothfeld Mrs. Ruef Miss Seeman Mrs. Sol. Smith Mrs. G. R. Smith Miss T. Stieglitz Miss H. Stieglitz Mrs. Leo Stein Miss G. Stein Mrs. Steiner Mrs. Stone Mrs. J. A. Strasser Miss Townsend Miss R. Van Atta Miss F. Yolk Miss G. Weil Miss M. Wilden M iss M. Woodhull Mrs. Wolff Mrs. Alfred R, Wolff Miss Florence Wolff 7 THE HUDSON GUILD Monday morning — 9 to 12 Kindergarten .... yearly average attendance, 70 Monday afternoon 3:30 to 5 Printing class ........ 7 members Piano lessons and practice 12 " Kindergarten Club I 14 " "II IS • III is Union Club (girls) 2V " Cooking class . . . . . . . 2<> " Ontario Club (boys) ...... 15 Gymnasium ..... Open to boys X to 12 years Library ........ Open 3:30 to 6 Penny Provident Hank Open 3 to 5, regular depositors Monday evening — 7:30 to 11 Meeting of House Committee Chelsea Girls' Club 30 members Plan reading and coaching for civil service examinations. Lincoln Athletic Club 20 members Mohawk Athletic Club 24 General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium .... Open to men IS years and over Library Open 7 to 9 8 THE HUDSON GUILD Tuesday morning — 9 to 12 Kindergarten Tuesday afternoon — 3:30 to 5 Printing class ........ 6 members Carpentry class . . . . . . . 16 Piano lessons and practice ..... S Kindergarten club 21 Martha Washington Club . . . . .30 Advanced Sewing" Class . . . . . 7u Study classes (two) ....... 16 Cooking class ....... 20 Lincoln Club . . . • . . . .26 Young Monarchs ....... 16 Gymnasium ..... Open to boys 12 to 16 years Library ......... Open 3: 30 to 6 Penny Provident Rank . . ... Open 3 to 5 Tuesday evening — 7:30 to 11 Madison Social Club . . . . . . .IS members Twentieth Century Club . . . . . 27 " Council meeting .... Second Tuesday of mont Aragon Athletic Club ...... 26 member Cooking class, open to Madison Social and Twentieth Century clubs General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium . . Open to young men under 18 years Library Open 7 to 9 ') THE HUDSON GUILD Wednesday morning — 9 to 12 Kindergarten Wednesday afternoon — 3:30 to 5 Printing class 7 members Carpentry class 12 Kindergarten Festival Club 20 Dolls' dressmaking class ..... 43 Cooking class ........ 20 Chelsea Junior Club 25 Piano class ........ 2 Mothers' meeting Invitation extended to mothers of all club members Gymnasium Open to boys 8 to 12 years Library Open 3:30 to 6 Penny Provident Hank Open 3 to 5 Wednesday evening — 7:30 to 11 Printing class 5 members Good Cheer Club (every second Wednesday) . 41 Dancing class 30 Girls' literature class ...... 8 " Stenography class . . . . - . -7 General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium .... Open to men 18 years and over Library Open 7 to 9 10 THE HUDSON GUILD Thursday morning — 9 to 12 Kindergarten Thursday afternoon — 3:30 to 5 Printing class ........ 5 members Carpentry class . . . . . . . 15 Piano lessons and practice . . . . .12 Kindergarten Club ...... 21 Eagle Social Club . . . . ' . .14 Beginning sewing class . . ." . . .120 Cooking class 20 Washington Club ....... 25 Franklin Club ........ 15 Gymnasium ...... Open to girls of all clubs Library Open 3:30 to 6 Penny Provident Bank Open 3 to 5 Thursday evening — 7:30 to 11 Printing class ........ 5 members Manhattan Social Club ...... 9 " Progress Club 16 " Emerald Athletic Club 19 Crescent Athletic Club 20 Cooking class . . . . . . . 12 " Junto literature group . . . . . .12 " Plan reading and coaching for civil service examinations. General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium ..... Open to girls of all clubs Library Open 7 to 9 1 1 THE HUDSON GUILD Friday morning — 9 to 12 Kindergarten Friday afternoon — 3:30 to 5 Printing class ........ 3 members Carpentry class . . . . . . . 12 " Piano lessons and practice . . . . .12 " Marie Antoinette Chili 9 " Fulton Club 18 Kagle Athletic Club 17 " Cooking class 12 " Gymnasium ..... Open to boys of 12 to 16 years Library Open 3:30 to 6 Penny Provident Hank Open 3 to S Friday evening — 7:30 to 11 Young Girls' Social Club 24 members Mercury Club 12 " Mothers' gathering . . . . . - .45 Chelsea Improvement League (alternate Fridays) 28 Arithmetic class . . . . . . 5 " Chelsea Athletic Club f>8 Mothers' Club (monthly meeting) . . . .61 General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium .... Open to men 18 years and over Library . Open 7 to 9 12 THE HUDSON GUILD Saturday morning — 9 to 12 Piano lessons ........(> members Sewing class . . . . . . . . \r> " Library ........ Open all morning Gymnasium ..... All boys for basketball, etc. Saturday afternoon — 1 to 6 Gymnasium. Open to men of all clubs for handball, basketball and baths Saturday evening — 7:30 to 11 General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Gymnasium ..... Open for games and baths Dances usually occur on Saturday evenings, from 8 P. m. to I a. m. Sunday — all day General pool room .... Open to men of all clubs Concerts in Assembly Hall, alternate Sunday afternoons, Novem- ber to March. In addition to the foregoing, the Junto Club, the senior men's organization, uses its own rooms every evening of the week, Saturday afternoons, Sundays and holidays. This club has IAS members, 19 years of age and over. 13 14 THE HUDSON GUILD jtap00£ of the dmlo The registration of the Hudson Guild shows about 2, (XX) per- sons in attendance. There are 55 organizations of various kinds meeting under the Guild's auspices. The expenses of maintaining the work are about $16,500 per year. Of this sum $14,900 is con- tributed by friends of the Guild work, and about $1,500 by the members of the house clubs. Numbers The Guild is a democratic organization both in spirit and in Its form of organization form, the order of the house being in the hands of the Clubs' Council and its committees, all of whom are elected by house members. The Board of Trustees, who financially support the Guild and direct its general plan, is composed of friends outside the neighborhood, and also of club members. The staff of workers is made up of those who have had special training in colleges and schools and of those who have come into the work through the clubs and classes of the Guild. In no sense can it be said that the Hudson Guild is sectarian, nor yet political, in its purposes. Its sole object is to help men and women and children just as men and women and children in their work and play ; to lend a hand in time of distress, and above all to organize and give effectiveness to those social instincts that exist in all men. There are certain differences, too, between the Guild work and that of a social settlement. There are no resi- dents, but many of the workers live in the neighborhood. The attempt is to get the people of the district themselves to be the social workers and the regenerators of their own neighborhood. The purpose of the Guild is to bring about active co-operation between different individuals and different classes for a single aim — that aim being an attempt to learn how to live in a city. A short walk through the meaner streets of almost any great city in America reveals clearly enough the fact that we have not yet learned to live together with a sufficient degree of cleanliness. 15 better conditions is needed THE HUDSON GUILD happiness and, in many ways, not even with decency. In part the trouble seems to come from the houses where a majority of the people IjvCi the lack of space, light, air, playgrounds for young Why work (or and old, the standards of work and wages ; in part it comes from our not perceiving the line relations which we can have with other people under existing conditions. The attempt that the Guild is making is to get people to work for better conditions in such a way that tin liner human relations, such as nci^hboiiiness and fra- ternity, may he evolved out of the work. Our faith is that not only the possession of advantages, hut the experience and the interest that come from working for those advantages are to he prized. To get the people of a neighborhood to care for the children of that neighborhood in their play, education and health ; to get the citizens of a tuberculosis-infected district to ri^ht that disease and to care for those already afflicted and to protect those yet free from it ; to create the demand for and secure the establishment of public places for amusement, education and con- ference, st) that in time the tenement houses and the streets and all conditions of living may be bettered — these are typical of the < Guild's aims. To create this kind of activity two things are needed : The individual who is enlightened and progressive, and the ^roup educated in the practice of working together for social ends. Every attempt is made to help and to stimulate the individual who comes to the Guild, We have our trade classes and shops to teach the girls and hoys at least the beginnings of work which will help them to earn money and 0. The Juntos, the senior club, had 45 members; to-day it has IAS. The kindergarten attendance was 30 ; the winter of 1909-10 saw 93 children in our kindergarten rooms ; the average yearly attendance was 70. The same steady growth is found in the other clubs and classes of the boys and tfirls, and men and women. The thought side of any movement has its history and devel- opment just as much as it has a record of events. These two elements during the past fifteen years have grown into a fairly articulated scheme of neighborhood betterment, the practical side of a working organization of which the present re- port is a description. There have been no sudden changes in any aspect ; the work and those carrying it on have gone ahead day by day, year by year, 20 THE HUDSON GUILD in a somewhat opportunistic fashion, and yet there has been, al- most from the beginning, a tendency toward growth and thought — attempting to realize distinctively American and democratic ideals. It may be said that for these ideals the Trustees and, so far as they were capable of realizing them all, the clubs have worked steadily. In the first boys' club that was started, in the spring of 1895, in The first a single room on West Twenty-fifth street, there was perhaps very boys club little to give promise of anything that was encouraging. Neither those responsible for the inception of the undertaking nor the boys themselves had any notion of proper activities or proper methods of control. There were the same hours of idleness, the same disturbances, the same irritations that invariably mark the beginnings of such undertakings. There was no equipment of any kind which would lead to activities save those of amusement, and those of a very desultory kind. When a small boys' club was formed it met with great objections from the big boys because it was beneath their dignity to be seen in the same clubhouse with "kids," and the initial and perhaps the great obstacle was met when one group was induced to be generous toward another. The difficulties with other tenants occupying the same house with a boys' club soon made themselves very evident and the little organization was removed to a small cottage on West Twentv- seventh street, almost opposite the place where the Guild house now stands. The occupations were very desultory, the only even- ings of particular note being those on which young men who had had the opportunities of study and travel came down to tell their experiences in various countries and in different schools. There was noticeable the grouping together of the young men to fight those who were trying to "boss" them in the matter of order and discipline. The notion of an agreement in purpose, then leaving each party to work out its own methods of attaining that purpose, had not yet been adopted. The little cottage having been out- grown, a three-story house became the headquarters. It was at 21 THE HUDSON GUILD tli is time, mure than a year after the beginning of the work, that the first steps were taken toward installing the Trustees and incor- The Haven porating the institution. Two new features were also added in ^ n j d ^ arten this year— the Haven Kindergarten— the first attempt to reach the Children's Guild little children, and the work of the Children's Guild, which under- took classes in domestic science and instituted clubs for the younger girls. The Children's Guild was the first enterprise in which anything like teaching was attempted. It may be said that the rest of the Guild work has been a growth of these enterprises, very many of the Guild members of that day being the mainstay "f the clubs and classes at the present time. The next move was into a somewhat larger house in West Twenty-sixth street. This was the only time when there was a resident at the Guild house, always before and since those con- nected officially with the work living in the neighborhood but not in the house. As the general scheme of activities had taken shape the year before so through the next three or four years the general plan of government was developed. The child from the kindergarten had grown up into the afternoon club — the girls of the Children's Guild had become wage earners and were formed into evening clubs. The original men's club, while somewhat changed, became the main part of the membership and a number of evening boys' clubs were admitted. The Council was formed, the work of the Dis- trict Committee inaugurated. The membership grew from the first meeting of a dozen boys into a house teeming with men, women and children of all ages. The activities had developed from games of cards and pool into the athletic, social, educa- tional and philanthropic programs. The spirit of the place had grown from the natural mischief-making, grafting attitude into a better feeling, often manifesting itself in ways of order, persistent plodding — sometimes blossoming out into acts of real generosity and wise helpfulness. The conditions under which the work was being done were a 11 THE HUDSON GUILD handicap to its proper progress, so that the necessity was felt for possessing a home. The funds were secured during the years of The new Guild house 1906-7, and the property was acquired. In 1908 the present Guild house was erected — a five-story brick building, equipped with library, class rooms, club rooms, printshop, carpentry shop, nurse's room, baths, etc. It is situated in the midst of a thickly populated neighborhood — a neighborhood of run-down tenements, some of them really unfit for people to live in. To all these people the Guild is the "clubhouse" — the meeting place for young and old. The site chosen was opposite Chelsea Park, which is the center for the West Side neighborhood. The cost of the property and building was one hundred and twenty thousand dollars, of which forty thousand dollars still remains on mortgage. The summer work has always been an important adjunct of Felicia the Guild work, providing as it does an intimate relationship be- tween teachers and children for a protracted period. The children have been sent to various places and the major portion enjoy their vacation at "Felicia," Mountainville, Orange County, New York, where, under the auspices of the Young Men's Union of the Society for Ethical Culture, a fresh air home for children is maintained. The incalculable value of sustained companionship for two weeks in the country has been a great factor in strengthening the friend- ship between child and child and between child and teacher. As to the thought side, the purpose of the Guild as it stands is indicated in the general statement given elsewhere in this report. This, too, has been the result of growth and development ; what- ever good is in it has been the outcome of the thought and experiences of many persons. The Guild as constituted is governed by three co-ordinate bodies : Trustees, representing generally friends and contributors to the work ; workers, representing those who have dedicated their lives to social service and are the real dynamic force of the work ; and the Council, which represents the people in the neigh- borhood affected. The Trustees, who in the last analysis are the 23 THE HUDSON GUILD parties charged with the responsibility of the permanence of the work, leave the actual operation of the activities of the Guild house to those who are fitted for such work. They may suggest policies, but the practical application of their ideas are often modified and always put into execution by the two other co-ordinate bodies. For fifteen years they have followed a plan of conference with all parties. Where, at times, the people in the neighborhood have not been participants in the work, interest on their part has flagged and the danger of mutual irritation was engendered. Through the years there has come, however, a better policy, a more trustful spirit, which is perhaps the thing to be most prized at the Hudson Guild, those in different classes, employers and employed, those having different degrees of education and culture, working side by side for common aims. It is impossible to trace this development through dates and in various localities. It has been a light slowly coming, but it has brought with it a faith in democracy, a sense of fraternity that is far and away the best of any contribution that may have been made. ©he Hork with the inga The boys come to us generally with groups already formed they live on the same block, go to the same school or belong to the same gang. The group lines are sharply drawn and they have in them the various elements which make alike for good or bad, depending on how these elements are developed. The gang spirit is strong ; they are loyal to each other and to their group. We have this to build upon, even though it be alloyed with meaner traits. There is almost always a leader, who has earned his place variously : with his fists, by his natural qualifications for leader- ship, by his daring or, most rarely, by his genial disposition and a knack for doing the right thing. This may mean in the other boys 24 THE HUDSON GUILD a lack of independence, an unwillingness to proceed without the Composition of ... . ... ,-i r r tne groups leader s sanction, a cowardliness that is destructive of any sort of democracy. There is in this gang spirit, also, the unwillingness of boys to stand out against the majority, through the fear of making "bad friends." When a rare individual is found who has the backbone to oppose the group, that is a boy who is to be nurtured fondly. They have with them always a crude sort of organization, a notion of division of labor, which may manifest "all those in favor!" itself in teamwork on the baseball diamond or in one boy's divert- ing the attention of the Italian at the fruitstand while the others help themselves to the fruit. This is a rather general statement of the situation that con- fronts us in handling groups of boys. They are nearly all alike ; the absence of the "unco guid " is conspicuous. The problem is first to recognize and mark out distinctly the force of the elements 25 THE HUDSON GUILD present and then to proceed to develop their tendencies for good along lines which will eventually prove more attractive than their mischievous bent. The group loyalty is crystallized in the club organization, in which the boys receive their first notions of self- Assimiiation government. They make their own rules, are taught to manage their own meetings, handle their own money, elect their own offi- cers. Loyalty to their club and its best interests supersedes loy- alty to the gang. Soon loyalty to the Guild develops through their association with other clubs, in teamwork in sport, minstrel shows, country trips, etc., and then the task is so to present fine things as to win their loyalty for them. The adviaer s All l ' ie clubs meet with an adviser. His function is to learn task first enduring patience under discouraging conditions; to see through it all what it is that he wants the club to stand for, and above all things to refrain from giving way to the pressure that will enable him to be the boss. He must efface himself from the active management of the club, but from the background, with advice and suggestion, and infinite persistence, he must work with the boys until they do the things he wants them to do, but only because they are willing to do them, because they believe they are the right things to do. The personal element must not be obtruded ; for when a line of action is decided upon the results are more natural and more durable, infinitely more desirable, when the boys do it for other reasons than simply to please their adviser. What we aim to do is to give them a training that will overcome the influences of a peculiarly pernicious environment, that will negative the effect of the vicious neighborhood gangs and give them better standards than prevail in our section of a graft- ridden city ; and to make such a contribution to their economic efficiency as will remove them in later life from the temptation to recede from these standards, which is inevitable to the poorly edu- cated, poorly equipped struggler for the bare means of existence. Economic conditions and citizenship are more closely related than comfortably situated people recognize. 26 THE HUDSON GUILD The means we use to bring about these ends are various. All the boys belong to the clubs and receive instruction in the practice of self-government. This, however, is not sufficient ; unless some- thing else be brought in, repeated business meetings are dry and soon lose interest. To rill this need we tell stories, discuss various topics which are related to the boys' own daily experiences, and through short biographies, of heroes, self-made men, men who have made good in various fields, we strive to set before them ideals that are stimulating and not too far removed from their abilities and condition. The stories give the best opportunity to inculcate in the minds How of the boys what may he called the cardinal virtues — courage, loy- alty, sacrifice, friendship, integrity, truthfulness, generosity, etc. They are selected with two ideas in view — they must be of grip- ping interest and carry with them the illustration of the point we wish to make. The "moral" must not be too apparent — rather it is better that it be kept in the background, for then by judicious questioning the boys are led to analyze the stories and find out just what they mean. When they discover the point for them- selves the experience is much more real and lasting. The range of stories is wide ; classic literature, the Bible, mythology, the fables, the epics, Shakespeare, Kipling, fragments of history and the daily newspapers all furnish their quota. They are arranged according to the ages of the boys to whom they are told, though frequently the same stories, told in a slightly different way, are used for all. "Damon and Pythias" may be told to young and old; "The Fight with the Cannon," with its intensely dramatic situations and startling conclusion, can be used only for boys twelve and over. " The Hero of Battle Row," a story which we developed from a newspaper report in 1907, is the best illus- tration we know of to show the meanness of race prejudice ; "Every Inch a King," based upon Prince Harry of Monmouth and his difficulty with Chief Justice Gascoigne, introducing the bluff Jack Falstaff, is a story that never fails of response, and the 27 THE HUDSON GUILD boys invariably discover the points — loyalty, obedience to law and unswerving devotion to duty. These, of course, are but a few stories taken at random from our stock, but they will indicate the way in which we drive home necessary truths without preaching. The older boys have more More serious serious discussions, though they are not of the debating type. work Topics of present interest, public affairs, their future positions, the merits of the different high school curricula, sportsmanship, etc., give them the opportunity of giving expression to what is latent in their minds and thus clinching their opinions. Though they are too self-conscious for formal debating, they nevertheless thor- oughly examine a subject when it is introduced and show how keenly they really do think when they are under pressure. Here we touch u]M)n our chief neighborhood difficulty — unwillingness to think things out. It is only when they are forcefully stimulated that they will consent to study a problem, and when, after long prodding, we find that they are willing to assume the initiative we are proud, as of a great victory. Nor are the stories and the discussions all ; every boy is urged to join a class — literature, carpentry or printing — and there again we try to impress him. In the shopwork he gets at least the rudi- ments of a trade. Recognizing that the ordinary carpentry course is mere play, we have given such instruction in the use of tools and straight-line work, with attention to accuracy and finish, that the boy must necessarily benefit hereafter, whether he be a carpenter or a bookkeeper. The ideals of thoroughness in work- manship, of performing any task "right up to the handle," can be taught in a shop as well as anywhere ; and every boy takes awav with him at least the knowledge that there is only one right w r ay to do a job. The printshop training is more advanced and leads to more immediate results. Thoroughness is the watchword here also, and the instruction is of benefit to every boy, whether or not he enters the printer's craft. Every boy belongs to the gymnasium, where we try to do for his body and his habits what we aim to do for his mind and his character. 28 THE HUDSON GUILD The foregoing is a fair outline of what is done for and with the boys. It does not, however, take into account the things the boys do for themselves and for others. Some of the youngsters are District Committee captains, and they report violations of the tenement house and sanitary laws to the chairman of that com- mittee, who has frequently been amazed by the unexpected intel- ligence and accuracy of the complaints. Frequently they give money to aid special cases — a little girl consumptive, a destitute family, etc. At Thanksgiving time and at Christmas they draw upon their meager treasuries to buy a dinner for a poorer family or toys for some fatherless children. Most of the clubs joined in buying type for the printshop when some was needed recently, and altogether they are encouragingly prompt in helping when they are able and appreciate the need. There are five printing classes for boys, one every afternoon but Saturday ; four carpentry classes, and gymnasium classes every day but Thursday. With our arrangement of the boys' time they can spend every afternoon but Saturday and Sunday at the Guild, doing some useful or enjoyable thing. Our whole plan centers on the idea of so influencing the boys that they can rise superior to their trammeling surroundings and stay above them because they have been taught to appreciate a finer thing and because they find a finer companionship. Though the emphasis is laid upon the group, nevertheless there is abundant opportunity to work with the individual, and we endeavor to make good use of it. After all, our whole idea is to train the boys for social usefulness, and when we find one who is willing to make some little sacrifice for his club or the house we try to make him see how really necessary such actions are for the well-being of the organization to which he belongs. All the boys are urged to work individually for their club's welfare and their loyalty finds positive expression in such work. This account of our work will show that we approach the boys from every vantage point, and we feel that surely some tangible results must be secured from even the least responsive. What the boys do themselves Working with the individual 29 THE HUDSON GUILD She £tt*ttittg (Huba for Smja Neighborhood character and standards Many of the boys, after having been members of the after- noon clubs for years, upon going to work or to high school join the evening clubs, thus giving us an opportunity to carry further the work we have already begun. While the plan is very similar, the members of the evening clubs have still greater freedom of action, are thrown still more upon their own responsibility. Though a fair part of the evening membership have been in the Guild as boys, the greater part have not They come in groups, as with the younger boys, but considering that they have had no previous club experience and are less tractable, coupled with the fact that they are actually self-governing, the problem is more complicated. They are recruited from the neighborhood and come in because a "club" is the natural thing for them. They would have rooms elsewhere, but the cost of maintenance is so great that this is not feasible, so they come to the Guild, where nominal rents make it possible for them to maintain their own organization. In character the best that may be said of them is negative. Education is rare ; they have no definite standards for living and are rather the sort that simply trail along, doing what everyone else does. Now this last is a positive evil in districts such as ours. The least objectionable of the neighborhood standards are poor and pitiful, never by any chance challenging the finer sides of their natures. It is every man for himself ; they have no heroes beyond a successful boxer or ballplayer. Their ideas of a "good time," while various, are most generally foolish when not posi- tively destructive. Crapshooting is a most popular diversion; it is considered no great honor to hold a steady job, but rather it is more the thing to "chuck up and loaf for the summer" ; they are improvident ; in many cases the saloon takes their earnings, and drunkenness is pathetically frequent. They are subject to all the grosser temptations usual to the young man, and a serious prob- 30 THE HUDSON GUILD lem is to put before them convincingly the dangers incident to the virulence of unrestrained sex instinct. Over against these characteristics may be set the fact that A better they are well-meaning youth, never positively bad, and they have side with them always the saving social grace of fraternity. It is the natural bent of the young man, whether he be in college or on Tenth avenue, to belong to a fraternity — be it Greek letter or neighborhood club. With this tendency to work upon, gradually by enlisting their interest in their club, in their various athletic teams, in self-improvement, in house and neighborhood activities, we are enabled to check in large measure the waste of their lives, and by giving them something positive and fine to stand for to awaken in them the germ of self-respect. Their hearts, their minds and their lives are plastic, and we hope to mold them into their finest shape, so that when they take their enduring form they will be better for having been with us. Their activities are many and varied : Athletics, dances, . .. J ' ' Activities dinners, entertainments, "blowouts"; committee work, both club and Council ; the management of the athletic association, running meets and competing with the various teams ; classes, talks, discussions and reading afford a wide range for their interest, and anyone who really enters into our scheme has enough to do to keep him from the meaner temptations of outside life. Their clubs are absolutely self-governing ; through the Clubs' Council they govern the house, taking care of the order, enter- tainments, concerts, dances and the various athletic affairs. Their management of the athletic association, a huge undertaking, is admirable. They have created a standard of clean sport that is surpassed by none, and challenged only by the English idea of sportsmanship. There are in their athletic record numerous instances in which they have lost games when taking an advantage of a technicality or playing an ineligible man would have brought victory. The credit for this goes to the older members, who from years of experience have decided that clean victory is the only kind worth while. 31 THE HUDSON GUILD Stories of a more advanced nature ; Shakespearean play read- ing, occasional entertainments, discussion of matters bearing on their work or major interests, political discussions, talks on topics of the day, etc., are the more serious diversions of their meetings. While they will not, as a rule, attend evening school, we have been successful in getting them to take up with us studies for their own advancement. A bookkeeping class, lasting only a few months, induced several members to pursue the subject of ac- counting in the evening high schools, in the Y. M. C. A. classes and at New York University. The printing shop has attracted some of them, classes being held on Wednesday and Thursday nights. Two members were the first instructors in the shop. A stenography class, which will resume shortly, has fitted several of them for good positions. A coaching class offered instruction in arithmetic, algebra, trigo- nometry, plan reading and mechanics— and this class grew spon- Civii service taneously, and not from our efforts. Civil service coaching goes coaching an ((|) fo e f ore a j] important examinations, and there are many mem- important ' feature bers who now hold positions in the municipal, state and United States services. The first class, consisting of eight members, have all secured positions. They have come to know that they can receive the proper coaching for any position free of charge at Hudson Guild, and that if they do their work they are practically- sure of appointment : and while teaching them we try to instil in their minds the service due the gov ernment and remove the im- pression that a civil position must be treated as a sinecure. A group of young fellows studied "Macbeth" and "Julius Caesar" during the winter, and were enthusiastic over them. They read the parts themselves, the meanings of obscure passages were explained, and altogether they profited largely while enjoy- ing the work. The senior club, after having a session of Shake- speare in the fall, took up modern plays in the spring and summer, devoting considerable time to Galsworthy, Ibsen, Sheridan and Sheldon. The discussions here were illuminating in the extreme, 32 THE HUDSON GUILD and keen as were the points they made, the chief good was in inducing them to give expression to the thoughts that ordinarily would never find utterance. Another activity in which they are engaged is the giving of a Smokers monthly smoker, in which boxing and vaudeville are the features. One must expect to be criticized for advocating a boxing show ; but the men of the neighborhood love it, and patronize it in clubs where brutality and chicanery are supreme. Many of them would never have entered the Guild were it not for such entertainments ; the neighborhood stock is strenuous, and there must be a virile appeal, an offer of vigorous entertainment, made to attract them. The boxing is fast and high-class, but there never has been and never will be brutality ; fair play and clean work have been the keynote, and that it has been successful is attested by the present huge membership of the athletic association. The managing com- mittee consists of some of the best men in the house, and their contact with this great membership has accrued to the advantage of the Guild. In one month after the first big smoker thirty-two men joined the Junto Club and are now active members, and more are joining. The District Committee is largely supported by the clubs and the athletic membership has done its share, being chiefly instru- mental in saving the life of a little girl whom the doctors had said would shortly die from consumption. This was announced at a smoker and a collection was thereupon taken up which paid her ex- penses in the mountains during the summer, and when she returned in the fall she was pronounced cured. The development of our youth reaches its climax in the Junto The Junto Club, composed of nearly 150 men of the voting age. It does not enter into political fights ; it is primarily a social and athletic club. Yet political discussions are frequent during election times, and the Legislature's doings are often talked of. The tariff fur- nished the theme for a splendid informal debate, and Governor Hughes's race-track measure kept the members agog until its 33 THE HUDSON GUILD passage. As has been mentioned, a splendid literature class is conducted in this club, and a proof of its grip may be given : On a Thursday night in June a popular neighborhood boxer was per- forming at a local club, and there was great interest in his match ; a dance was being given by some friends of the Juntos, and the men felt that they should attend. Vet they stayed in their rooms, sweltering, reading and discussing Ibsen's "The Enemy of the People." To one who knows the composition of the neighborhood no more encouraging event has happened during the year. The Juntos furnish most of the active volunteer workers of the house; head all the important committees, help edit the house paper, CHELSEA, and manage the athletic association — a range of activity that well illustrates their ability and their devotion to the Guild. They were the nucleus of our organization, being the first club that w : as organized, and there are an appreciable number of the original membership left. It is the only club of its kind that we know of, and we can be pardoned for being proud of it. We are far from having attained our ideal in working with boys and young men; but we are learning in new and better ways and feel that we can go on, full in the faith that our appeal will meet with increasingly good results. (The iJrintshnp In the printshop we are making an attempt at something new in the field of industrial education. It is the endeavor to give the boys a thorough preliminary training in the printer's craft, and at the same time through executing our own and outside work to make the shop self-supporting. We began in October, 1908, with a second-hand equipment, which included a fair amount of type and one 9x 13 Favorite press, foot power. For six months the teaching was done by two mem- bers of the evening clubs — Mr. Michael Murphy teaching type- setting and Mr. Alexander Clinton instructing the boys in press- 34 35 THE HUDSON GUILD work. Botli were employed in the branches in which they gave instruction. During that time enough money was earned to put into the plant about J1S0 in new type and other equipment. In February, 1909, the trustees authorized the employment of an instructor who would (jive all his time to the work. It was possible then to have greater regularity in the classes and the work pro- ceeded smoothly and encouragingly. A change was made in the fall of 1909, by which we secured our present instructor, Mr. Arthur L. Blue. He came to the work with a real desire to help the boys to a practical knowledge of the craft, which they could turn to advantage as soon as they left school and sought positions. Since he came the work has become more systematized; and he has developed a course for his pupils that he feels sure, from his own printing-office experience, is the most desirable. Its chief advantage is its economy of the learner's time — the boy has nothing to unlearn when he secures a position in an outside shop. We have also secured by gift from the trustees a fine press, technically known as a 14 x 22 Universal, which enables us to handle almost any kind of a job, large or small. The quality of the work turned out has been favorably commented upon by all our customers, and of this the reader may judge for himself, as this book was executed in its entirety in our own shop, the boys doing their part in the work. The need of industrial education has never been successfully disputed ; and the neighborhood in which we work is one that needs this sort of instruction far more than most others. The boys sel- dom go to high school ; in fact, many do not even graduate from the elementary school, procuring working papers as soon as they reach the prescribed age. They look about, haphazard, for a job of any kind, and frequently waste their youth as errand boys, helpers or what not, eventually becoming members of the great mass of unskilled laborers— truckdrivers, porters, etc. The function of the printshop, then, is to give these boys an 36 THE HUDSON GUILD insight into the workings of a trade and, if they are fitted to con- tinue, to train them so that they can secure positions as apprentices in any of the printing offices in the city. Even if the boy does not manifest any extraordinary interest in printing, he nevertheless gets from the work in the shop a notion of sustained, systematic effort and an ideal of skill that can be turned to advantage in any branch of the industrial field. Our effort is too young to point to any long list of boys who have become printers through our instruction. Three boys have gone into printing offices from the class of 1908-1909 ; and of those who were members of the class of 1909-1910 at least six would be valuable to the ordinary printshop were they ready to leave school. The shop has not been entirely self-supporting, but it has paid at least five-sixths of its expenses, besides adding to the equipment from time to time. We print Chelsea, our house monthly, all the stationery and announcements for the Guild, club work, tickets, programs, pamphlets, etc., for customers out- side the Guild. If we were able to secure more orders the shop would be entirely self-supporting. It seems, then, that our experiment can claim to have justified itself, on the score of industrial education and on its contribution to the greater economic efficiency of a group of boys who belong to the decidedly less favored class. (£trla' Afternoon (Elnba ano (ElaHara The work of Hudson Guild with the children of school age aims in general to broaden the vision and develop the opportu- nities of each individual and to teach the power of organization in making better the neighborhood life. The chief tool in shaping this work is direct personal influence. The children join clubs and classes at the Guild of their own choice. They come directly from school, which they are com- 37 THE HUDSON GUILD pelled to attend, where discipline must be rigidly observed and where moments must be considered wasted that are not spent in imparting and acquiring a prescribed amount of knowledge. The Guild is, therefore, a form of relaxation, and pleasure must form a large component in the force which stirs these rather weary youngsters to action. That pleasure may combine with freedom and order is the problem put to the tact, sympathy, wisdom and love of the many people who feel eager to undertake a share in this Guild work. A gentleness that is not a weakness, a patience that is not indifference, a quiet calm that is not lack of inspiration, an eager- ness and enthusiasm that are founded on a conviction that the occupation one presents is keenly interesting, is really of value and that the method of presenting it is completely in the leader's mind, an opportunist's keen eye to grasp any possible suggestion for improvement in each individual- these are some of the neces- sary characteristics that make this direct personal influence so tremendously powerful in affecting the throng of children that troop in at the (iuild door every afternoon of the week. The activities that occupy the children fall into three groups: mental, manual and recreative. Mental work Classes for help with school lessons have been in existence for many years and closely co-operate with the schools. There are two, which meet weekly and have a membership of about twelve each. In the past year two clubs spent part of each meeting in read- ing and discussing stories from a literary and dramatic standpoint. One group of twenty-five cook ap the study and preparation to present a light opera, and one club of fifteen members studied the production of Peter Pan. One club of twenty members composed and acted an original play. One club of fifteen members spent the fall in preparation of a child's play for the house entertain- ment at Christmas. 38 THE HUDSON GUILD The dramatic side of literature appeals strongly to the children and is possible of great development. The manual classes in the past year have been sewing, in an organized school of one hundred and fifty, classes ranging from coarse sewing and simple stitches to machine sewing and garments for immediate use. Five clubs, averaging twelve members, de- voted their time, up to the last of March, in making fancy and • - ; IF — " ^ III LEARNING TO COOK useful articles for the Hudson Guild Fair. One club of smaller girls, about twenty in number, organized as a group of little mothers, brought their dolls, learned how to make clothes for them and played with them at keeping house. There are five working classes, averaging twelve in attend- ance, under trained teachers from Pratt Institute, Teachers' College and elsewhere. Three of these devote the lessons to the 39 THE HUDSON GUILD first steps in cooking. Only the simplest cooking is taught and there is much explanation of best methods of using kitchen utensils and handling materials. One class is an advanced cooking class and learns many wholesome, simple recipes that are made of practical use in the children's homes. The fifth class has taken a regular course, planning the meals for a family of five through a week. They have studied the cost of materials and adaptation of means, with the result of economical, nourishing and appetizing hills of fare. The musical interest of the children has been the subject of SIMMER STORY TELLING much study and plan. There have been four teachers for the piano and eleven hours of work each week. The work is under the direction of one head, who plans the instruction, examines all the pupils and arranges for recitals and, occasionally, concerts of outside talent. There has been a start at scholarship work. This means an opportunity for those making greatest prog- ress to take lessons of an hour's length at the teacher's studio. Through the generosity of interested musical friends there have been two of these scholarship pupils and the Guild feels that in 40 THE HUDSON GUILD these cases a real start has been made in training the natural musical interest and ability along right and fine lines. There have been in the past year two classes of folk and Recreative social dancing and musical games have varied the work in dancing. The gymnasium class is divided into two groups, according to age, and each class enrolled from twenty-five to thirty members. Drill, dancing and athletic games made the program beneficial and interesting. There were five organized clubs, averaging twelve in member- ship. They have studied and practiced the beginning of self- government and the meaning of the simplest rules of parliamentary procedure. The development of self-government by means of clubs is gradual but very real and the mistakes made have been bravely shouldered by the clubs, discouragement being avoided through the good sense and larger vision of the club director. The clubs have occasionally discussed the work of the District Committee, in one or two instances have helped in special cases and have had some talks by the district nurse on sick-room devices, which have been simple, practical and full of interest. The social side of the club work has been a carefully planned feature. The aid of the director has been sought for suggestion and arrangement. The social afternoon has, then, been left in the hands of the members, led by the officers, and the director has been simply an invited guest. The sense of responsibility has been developed to a satisfactory extent by the business and social undertakings of each club. There have been over five hundred girls of all ages coming regularly to the various classes and clubs that have met each after- noon of the past year at the Guild. In summing up the various activities, we find there have been two study classes, one dramatic class, two sewing schools, five cooking classes, eight piano classes, two gymnasium classes, five self-governing clubs and five groups combining class work of various kinds with some club organization. 41 THE HUDSON GUILD The neighborhood of Hudson Guild finds its ^irls, as a rule, going to work at the age of fourteen. Their education has rarely advanced beyond graduation from the public schools and, perhaps, a year's work at the high school. Sometimes an evening trade or business school course supplements the general schooling. We find these girls employed in factories, at more or less skilled labor, in department stores, as cash and stock girls and saleswomen ; a few, employed in offices, at clerical work or stenography and some, telephone operators. They are usually steady workers, industrious, but not progressive. Though the positions held com- mand small pay, this is usually a necessary contribution to the family support ; often the mainstay of the family comfort. These working girls need change and freedom from restraint when the pressure of the day's work is lifted and in great numbers they seek the means of this recreation in the clubs and classes at 1 ludson Guild. An understanding and effort to live in fine human relations with family and neighbors, a knowledge of large social move- ments, an interest in literature, the drama, in art and in music, an improvement in the conditions of the home, a wholesome enjoy- ment of the best in life — all these things are aimed for, and little by little attained, in the girls' clubs at Hudson Guild. There are seven clubs, averaging a membership of twenty. They are governed by self-elected officers, meet all their own expenses and share in the management and support of the house by representation in the Clubs' Council and by paying monthly rent to the Council. They meet regularly for nine months. During the three summer months they practically disband, except for outings and country visits. The year's expectation of each club is Programs . , £ embodied in a program, made out by a committee of conference at the beginning of each club year. As an expression of what they are trying for and desiring this club program has proven of 42 THE HUDSON GUILD interest and value. The committees of conference feel it essential to plan for work of some sort ; they also embody in the program some line of neighborly effort, co-operating with the District Com- mittee ; they arrange informal social evenings and one evening of each month is set aside for a regular business meeting. Each club feels that this meeting, well-conducted, is one of the best evidences of a successful organization and it is a fact that member- ship in a club is apt to increase as long as the meeting is kept important. At this monthly meeting, after officer's reports, Council The business and committee reports, various general subjects are discussed, such meetln e as the best disposition of money made at some recent entertain- ment or the wisest way of giving relief to some one in need. The programs for this year arranged for each club to assist in the house fair held in March and April, each taking up the work of its own booth and, with the direction and aid of the Advisory Com- mittee, making articles for sale at the Fair. Committees were appointed to serve as saleswomen at the different sessions. This formed a common interest in the work of all the clubs. On one program it was arranged to have talks and discussions on literary topics, another set aside part of the club's meetings to discus- sions of charitable efforts, another arranged for two classes, one in sewing and another in cooking. Though the greatest desire of the girls, individually, is for a good time, this is by no means the whole aim of the club. The evenings when the discussion was the wisest relief to a needy family were considered quite as enjoyable as the evenings of dancing and games, and the meetings in the kitchen, the fifteen- cent club suppers and the cooking lessons have been some of the most popular among the club members. The regular membership in the house has increased about ten per cent, in the past year and the rents have been met with less difficulty than usual. Over half of the clubs contribute regularly one-fourth of their treasury to the District Committee funds. At the close of the season all the members felt that the year as a 43 THE HUDSON GUILD whole had been encouraging and delightful and the program* had led to a successful conclusion. ciaBseB for The evening classes for working girls have aimed at definite evening eirls . . . , instruction, at the same time appealing to the preferences of the members. As a result, we have had a well-attended cooking class. This has developed an interest in household economy, in the study of comparative food values and in the wider issues that involve good housekeeping and attractive homemaking. There has been a dressmaking class, which discussed styles and appro- priate dressing, while making skirts and waists for their own use. A millinery class was undertaken, but it developed that under existing conditions the cost of making greatly hindered the really keen interest of the girls. A group of girls has organized in the study of Shakespeare and the discussion of present day plays. Two dramatic performances were given and a third is being pre- pared. There has been a group studying stenography throughout the winter. The gymnasium class has been slowly gaining ir> interest and by means of drill, esthetic dancing and athletic games has proved of physical benefit and has aroused a spirit of interest and under- standing in house athletics. After investigating the amusements of the younger working girls, a dancing class was formed of factory and department store girls. Here dancing and games were taught and wholesome recreation thus furnished to some of the youngest. We have undertaken to direct along better lines the necessary recreation that these girls demand and get, often to their future disadvantage. The class work has included over one hundred girls. There have been eight classes ; five have continued throughout the year and three have been carried through a course of from five to ten lessons. From the interest shown in the past year there is great hope of increasing the number of classes and the attendance. 44 45 THE HUDSON GUILD The kindergarten of tlie Hudson Guild lias a double reason for being, In the first instance it cares for the youngest of tin- children that are admitted to the Guild house, the baby class re- ceiving the pupils when they are only three years old. In order to be really effective in matters educational it is said to be necessary to begin with the grandparents ; it is, however, impossible to reach back into the preceding generations and so ive must begin as effectively as we can and as early as we can with the little child. Victor Hugo has said that you cannot dissolve a pearl in mud, and so no matter what the conditions of the streets or the houses from which the children come, they come to us unspoiled. There is no sight at the Guild more beautiful or one which is more hope- inspiring than that of these littlest children from the streets and tenement houses playing and working in the beautiful kindergarten rooms, surrounded for at least three hours each day with the best influences that the trained mind of the teacher and the instinctive understanding of a good kindergartner can give them. The second great purpose which the kindergarten has is the direct appeal which the little child makes to all classes to render social service. However eloquent the sermon, however stirring the address made by the most earnest preacher or speaker, it could never equal in effectiveness the plea made by these little and often neglected children. And so the kindergarten is at once the goal for striving and the starting point for better work and living. It is the child of the crowded houses and streets who enters the kindergarten here at the early age of three years — a child de- prived by these conditions of his rightful opportunity to satisfy his natural instincts for play in a wholesome manner — whose dawning intellect is given no fair chance to reach beyond itself — in whose be- ing the spark of the divine is seldom recognized or nurtured. Here 46 THE HUDSON GUILD in rooms that are attractive and spacious, among conditions that are well adapted to meet the demands of his complex nature, the child comes in contact with a community of his own age, where he quickly recognizes the right to give expression to himself and soi in feels himself a part of the whole where the rights of each have fair consideration and where he rejoices and expands in the spirit of freedom, play and good-fellowship which prevails. The kindergartens are so graded that for three years the child can pass onward from the infant group that is just grasping this difficult lesson of fellow rights to the mature one of six years who has gained a fair mental grasp — a power of self-reliance and a respect for law and order which are finally felt to enhance rather than to interfere with the pursuit of their days of joy and happiness. In the earlier years of the kindergarten the mothers were urged to allow the children to bring lunch, but often this was not done and in some cases the food which was brought was utterly unfit. The only remedy has been found in supplying milk and crackers for the morning lunch. That the need is often present The just for food is demonstrated by the wonderful improvement in kindergarten appearance of all these little people. Our experience has been lunch such that we have come to believe that the majority of those re- ceived in the kindergarten are insufficiently if not improperly nourished. In connection with this branch of the Guild activities there have come forward "volunteer workers" who give a new and enlarged meaning to that term. At least three of the graduates of the Ethical Culture Training School for Kindergartners have come to the Guild on every school day, giving trained and expert service with faithfulness and regularity. Such work from volun- teers is rare, and not only is it a help to the children whom they teach but it is an inspiration to all who know of it. It will be unnecessary to detail the work done in the kinder- garten ; this report of course deals in no way with the technical side of kindergarten work, but one special feature might be men- 47 The " volunteer worker " THE HUDSON GUILD tioned. Through the generosity of the Felicia committee two weeks are set aside in their country home for these children and Felicia and some of their mothers. In this way it is possible to conduct the nature study . , ., . ... work under ideal conditions and makes that large part of the kindergarten teaching which deals with nature really effective. Special attention is given to the study and use of nature materials. The great world of which the little street child will otherwise know nothing is revealed to him. He knows where the Christmas tree comes from when he dances around it in the holiday season ; he plucks its branches and twigs, which grow into the open fire in the cold months of the winter— flies an American flag from its top on Washington's Birthday and finally takes the beloved trunk with him to the park to dance about as a Mayj>ole. A good kindergartner has said : "About all that can be done the first four years is to watch the child and study his needs and capaci- ties so that they can be later supplied and developed." When the small pupil leaves the classes in which he has been for three years Kindergarten an( j K , )es t() t j ie [mn |j c scnoo i this knowledge of him and interest graduate clubs in him are not lost. Almost without exception the children return to join the clubs which are under the direction of this same department. To give a notion of the extent of this work, there were in its afternoon clubs over one hundred and thirty of these children who had been members of the kindergarten. Although the club meet- ings are not so frequent, they represent a more developed type of work. In the first year of the kindergarten graduate work the home idea as a whole is introduced. Each child makes for itself out of cardboard a home complete in furniture and appointments — kitchen, sitting-room and bedroom. Later on the real and not the play house is the subject of thought, and each club member makes some useful if small article to be taken to its own home and used. As the hand work and sewing become more and more developed the idea of the good home is over and over again introduced. 4< THE HUDSON GUILD The kindergarten yearly average is 70 ; the kindergarten grad- uate club membership is 134. One of the very best outcomes of the kindergarten has been the generous-hearted co-operation of which it has been the cause. The inception of this work was due to the enterprise of the gradu- ates of the normal classes of the kindergarten department of the Ethical Culture School. Originally they took entire charge of the kindergarten, but in recent years they have co-operated with field members in carrying on the work. With great skill and devotion these young women, many of them active kindergartners, have forwarded this philanthropic enterprise. In the neighborhood of Hudson Guild these same children have called forth fine activities from the women. Not only do the mothers of the little children come in the afternoon for conference, but there is a large and energetic mothers' club which contributes every year a considerable sum toward the sup- port of the kindergarten. This club is one of the best features of the Hudson Guild. Its members and committees are indefatigable in their work, not only for the welfare of their own children but for all the children of the district. They are a real factor in the work of the District Committee, investigating, reporting, nursing and performing innumerable acts of neighborliness. Co-operation of the E. C. S. kindergarten alumnae The Mothers' Club The festival seasons, Thanksgiving and Christmas, patriotic and spring festivals and the anniversary of the opening of the new Hudson Guild building, each had its appropriate celebration. At Thanksgiving all the children gave a donation party, each bring- ing fruit or vegetables or toys. These are taken on Thanksgiving Thanksgiving morning to a children's home by a committee of the Guild chil- tlme dren. The evening club girls contributed to buy fruit, which they took to the city institutions on Blackwell's and Randall's Islands. *9 THE HUDSON GUILD An additional Thanksgiving abundance is displayed by the ample dinners sent to the Guild by the Ethical Culture School. The dis- tribution of these is one of the most delightful things that make the Thanksgiving season so cheery, even in the poorest homes. Sometimes the Guild children who so gladly give their small dona- tion, and the older girls who take such great pleasure in distributing their fruit to the city's dependents, belong to families which, were it not for these hearty holiday dinners sent to them, would have a Thanksgiving dinner of potatoes and tea. At Christmas time the house, young and old, is united in a joyful season that for gayety is unequalled. The children give an enter- Christmas tainment which is a home production. Plays of Christmas spirit, t,me written and acted by the children, fairy pantomimes, minstrel shows and carol singing are the principal features. The young meti and women give a neighborhood play, written, coached and acted by house members. The afternoon clubs and classes have a round of Christmas tree parties, to which they invite children not likely to have other chances to see a Chistmas tree. Each of the older girls' clubs gives a party, inviting friendless little young- sters, and the evening is spent in children's games around the lighted Christmas tree, distribution of toys by Santa Claus, and candy and ice cream all around. With the house green-hung, redolent of Christmas-tree fragrance, rehearsals, parties and enter- tainments going ahead with bewildering rapidity from Christmas to New Year's Day, the old year goes out with a joy, and the new year comes in with a spirit, that stirs everyone's heart, be it never so old or so poor or so selfish. The Guild is dependent for these festivities upon the gifts of its friends, which have been generously forthcoming. One check last year furnished many Christmases to empty homes and provided a group of especially chilly and toy- less little girls with warm underclothes and each the toy she most yearned for. It is a single Christmas multiplied a thousandfold that comes around the last week of December each year at Hudson Guild. 50 THE HUDSON GUILD Our patriotic festival has consisted of patriotic music, lectures by well-known people on some of our country's great men and recitations by some of the boys of famous speeches. The spring festival takes place at the Central Park May party. A Robin Hood play was given on the rocks at the Common and Maypole dances were part of the entertainment. The remainder of the day was devoted to games and the general enjoyment of the park. The anniversaries of the opening of the new Guild house have not yet assumed a definite program. A house dance was given, to which all the members were cordially invited. The house underwent a tour of inspection and old members enjoyed reminis- cences and comparisons of the old Guild with the new. The festivals always widen the circle of Hudson Guild and many that come in at holiday time remain and become familiar members through the more serious seasons. The whole house joins in the celebrations with a fine harmony that makes all one, for Hudson Guild, in the house and in the neighborhood. Patriotic festival Spring festival Anniversaries Site jfrmtu. jprom^pnt lank The Penny Provident Bank station is open daily at the door of the Guild and the bright-colored stamps and the pride of pos- sessing a bank-book attract many pennies and nickels from children who intended to deposit them at the candy store. It has been necessary to increase the capital of the bank one hundred percent, in the last year ; two hundred names have been added to the list of depositors and many families have been started in the habit of saving. One girl, who took care of a baby after school, de- posited her earnings regularly and when school closed came to withdraw $24.67 for her summer vacation in the country. Many shoes have been bought, new dresses paid for and even rent day met from these small savings. It is not too hopeful to say that in 51 THE HUDSON GUILD many cases thrifty habits have been formed where wastefulness was the danger of the home. There is one family which had been helped by the District Committee that found later that the Penny Provident Hank made the outside help over a hard time unneces- sary. Among our Irish, pleasure-loving, easy-going neighbors the worth of a nickel, sometimes of a quarter or a dollar, is a thin^ that has to be slowly and repeatedly taught. The Penny Provi- dent Hank could have no more profitable station for teaching its lessons where they are needed than at Hudson Guild. ®hf Summer Work A walk through one of Chelsea's blocks on a hot July night, when the babies are stretched on chairs, trying to sleep in the little air that rises from the hot streets ; when the men and women, looking worn and draped, crowd the doorsteps, dreading the house, from which comes a heavy, unendurable odor; when the children are tearing about in the dirt and the heat, restless and nervous from pent-up discomfort, is sufficient to make one ask what can be done to transplant any part of this uncomfortable humanity to fresli air and green fields and room to breathe and place to sleep. The Guild begins its summer work as soon as the spring makes the country attractive. Every Saturday in May sees parties of children ready at ten o'clock to start for a picnic to some park or bit of country near New York. They return laden with flowers and filled with good, fresh air that helps to build up a power of resistance for the months to come. With the aid of the Young Women's Union of the Society for Ethical Culture, Mrs. A. R. Wolff and many of the regular club leaders at the Guild, and in- clusive of the Hudson Guild May party, about one thousand children have started out this year on these day's outings. 52 53 THE HUDSON GUILD Shower baths Through July every morning at eleven a constantly increasing number of little girls appeared with towel and soap and after a good shower hath and a thorough scrub emerged so comfortable that the advantage is undoubted. The game class for small children, averaging thirty in attend- ance, the gymnasium class, of from fifteen to twenty older girls, embroidery and cooking classes, averaging twelve in attendance, took the children from the sun's heat, dirt and tumult of the streets, and their popularity equalled their value. Co-operating There are many agencies with which we co-operate for vacation agencies , . opportunities of two weeks country life. These are available for both old and young. The Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, through Sea Hreeze and Caroline Rest, accommodates many mothers, children and babies. The convalescent homes at Kast View, Summit, Wilburtha and elsewhere have relieved many of the neighborhood and have been very generous, as far as their capacity and demand will permit. The Vacation Society for Working Girls has sent away some of the older girls, unable to pay any board, or, at most, a nominal sum. These have been cases of nervous breakdown or tubercular symptoms. The bureau established by Mrs. Israel's committee for information as to reasonable, reputable boarding places has been consulted and found helpful. Our greatest outside resource in taking children to the country has been the Tribune Fresh Air Fund, with which for five years we have co-operated, sending away about three hundred children annually. These parties go either to the homes operated by the fund or to farmhouses throughout the State. The chil- dren get an understanding of country life by the farm visits that is valuable not only in giving health, but in broadening the insight and experience of the youngsters. They almost always find real friends in the generous country people, who open their homes to these tenement-bred children. Our little Patsy, who came home laden with vegetables, fruit, flowers and even chickens, gifts of his farmer, would not easilv listen to any one calling his friend a 54 THE HUDSON GUILD "hayseed," and the children who helped to gather the fruit and vegetables and store them in the cellar for winter supply understand now that apple trees, growing apparently unwatched in an orchard by the wayside, are someone's property and a means of livelihood, not mere plunder for the passerby. The strict physical examination which each child must pass before going to the country has proved of value. The first year that the Tribune doctor examined, the children who did not pass the test often brought angry, ignorant mothers to the Guild to say that this or that condition of head, eyes, throat or skin was merely used as an excuse for favoritism and that they wouldn't bother to send their children to such a place. The unremitting vigilance of the doctor and mother love, yielding to the keen desire of the children, have acted to such an extent that now complaint is rare and our country parties increase yearly about ten per cent. The climax of joy and benefit is attained for the Guild chil- dren in the annual visit to Felicia at Mountainville. The use of this exceptionally delightful summer home is granted the Guild by the Young Men's Union of the Society for Ethical Culture. In the past year four groups enjoyed the privilege for two weeks each, the kindergarten and mothers in June, the boys and girls in August, the working girls in September. Thus about three hun- dred Guild members had a needed and health-giving vacation. This opportunity to connect the city work of the Guild with the country work is of mutual value. Living under the same root with so many of our neighbors for two weeks affords an insight into needs and possible means that cannot help but make the winter clubs more effective and our mutual understanding at the Guild more sympathetic. By walks, picnics and camping the boys and girls are learning the country about Felicia thoroughly and the uplift and outlook of the hills and the fields are an im- measurable brace to mind and body. With a long breath, each can turn to the winter's work and play with something added consciously and unconsciously that will go through life. Thus the The physical examination 55 THE HUDSON GUILD good of these two-week visits is felt throughout the year in the Guild and in the home, from the demand at the start for perfect cleanliness and freedom from contagious symptom to the joy, health and development each lias gained to bring hack to the city and home. FLOWER DAY ®hp Wiamn and IFnrit (&mib One of the opportunities for co-operation that affords our neighbors the greatest pleasure is the National Plant, Flower and Fruit Guild. From the country, every week from April through October, boxes filled with nosegays of lovely flowers are deposited at our door by the express company. They bring with them the THE HUDSON GUILD beauty of the gardens and the fields, from friends at kowayton, Xorwalk, Dobbs Ferry, Far Rockaway and elsewhere. Babies, big boys, old ladies, all sorts of people, line up in the hall, eager and expectant. As each goes out with his fragrant bouquet the rumor spreads like wildfire in the street. The crowd soon gets too big to be satisfied and the answer finally has to be, "Come earlier next week." The Flower and Fruit Guild has for the past five years fur- nished to our neighbors window boxes at twenty-five cents each. These contain vines and plants, which have proved a delight and in the care of them an education. This year a plant sale was held. Geraniums, palms and ferns were obtained by the Flower Guild from country estates and these were sold at a nominal price to the flower-lovers of the neighborhood. Throughout the year the Flower Guild has frequently sent us flowers from various functions. Last Thanksgiving boxes of vegetables were sent from the country and made a good addition to the Thanksgiving dinners sent out by the Guild. iGtbrarg The library is on the ground floor of the house and its five large windows overlook Chelsea Park, which, like the Hudson Guild, is surrounded by stores, tenement houses and saloons. In the evening the library presents a great contrast to its surround- ings and passersby stare in amazement to see a well-lighted room with its walls, woodwork and furnishings all in harmonizing browns ; wall cases and floor stacks filled with books ; tables with magazines and newspapers ; low tables and chairs for the children near shelves of picture books ; while flowers, paintings, statuary, club banners and cups decorate the walls and add to the attractiveness of the room. Adults enjoy its order and quiet ; desired information is found r>7 58 THE HUDSON GUILD for them, and individual attention is given each reader. The aim of the library is that of all other libraries and of the house — educa- tional. Students are assisted and encouraged in every possible way; requested lists of reading are furnished and the books provided. The library is not only for club members but for the whole neighborhood. Babies are often brought while the mothers ex- change their books ; children bring small brothers and sisters. Thus many make use of the room, and into over six hundred homes we send good literature. The people live in the book, and in this way only can they obtain a glimpse into an unknown world or for a time forget their surroundings. Almost all readers take two books home each time, and some as many as four. Vacation privileges are granted and every one may have all the books he can carry away for the summer. The re-registration was an interesting and valuable feature of the winter's work, for it brought not only the library but the Guild to the notice of many new families. With the children the writing of their name in the register made them the proud possessors of a "library ;" it changed their attitude in the room, promoted order and aroused the interest of the whole family. Directly the re-regis- tration started the circulation increased — thus from March to July there was a gain of 652 over the corresponding time last year. It is fortunate that the re-registration occurred then, or otherwise, like all branches of the New York Public Library, we, too, would have felt the effects of the early spring and our circulation would have dropped behind each month. Children were impatient to join when they found that clean hands and the parents' signature were all that were necessary to obtain library privileges. All hands are now offered for inspection ; those that remain in pockets or twisted up in aprons are sure to be dirty. Attention is also given to the room, as well as the home, use of books. Reading at the library has become so popular with the children that more books, another table and chairs were secured ; yet we are still unable to seat them all. 59 THE HUDSON GUILD Rooks are selected with care that our public may have good editions of the best literature; new titles are introduced through the bulletins and the story hour on Mondays. Two friends of the children come to tell the stories. Because the groups were so large it was thought best to divide them into two sections and to provide rooms for the story telling. After the story the children go to the shelves to select their own books. The demands for Alger, Castlemon, Mary J. Holmes, Augusta Evans and "sad stories" are gradually ceasing. Children are recommending to each other new-found friends, such as "The Old Fashioned Girl," " Heide, " "Lady Jane," "Robinson Crusoe" and the "Golden Goose," while adults are enjoying Austen, Barr, Crawford and Jack London. The Traveling Library of the New York Public Library has often assisted; not only has it given five hundred books for room use and loaned four hundred volumes for circulation, but on a few days' notice it will send a dozen copies of any drama for club work. From the state we receive an appropriation that en- ables the library to meet more of the demands made upon it. Hooks and magazines are sent by interested friends. Two new bulletin boards have already proved of value. The work of the year foretells that of the fall — it is full of interesting ]>ossibilities. Days open during the year 299 Hours open each week for reading and circulation 25i/ 2 A du Its Ch ildren Total Number volumes at beginning of year 1,486 1,530 3,016 Number volumes added by purchase 30 67 97 Number volumes added by gift 162 115 277 Number volumes lost or withdrawn 68 307 375 Total end of year .... 1,610 1,405 3,015 Number volumes loaned for home use (fiction) 4,604 6,477 11,081 Number volumes loaned for home use 5,504 8,258 13,762 Books sent to the bindery . 215 605 60 THE HUDSON GUILD Sty? (ElubH* (Eowtril The Clubs' Council of Hudson Guild has been a success for the following reason : There has been placed in its hand real power, the power to do things which interest the Council members. Too often social organizations of a philanthropic nature bring their beneficiaries together and make a pretence at self-govern- ment, but keep all real authority out of their hands. The Clubs' The Council Council has the power and is developing the capacity to be the has real P° wer legislative body of the neighborhood house and through its com- mittees has the executive functions of the organization as well. The Council also elects the house court, which represents the judiciary. In this age money is the sign of power, and to convince the members that they were to have a real power in the house and to give them training in this very necessary branch of education, the Council was given the function of apportioning rents of the clubs and collecting these rents, and is held responsible for paying bills in the house amounting to about fifteen hundred dollars a year. These bills cover the entire lighting and heating, the janitor sup- plies and incidental repairs and breakage. Holding the house members responsible for meeting this expenditure makes them naturally much more careful about waste and anxious to make as advantageous contracts as possible for coal, gas and electricity. The Council is composed of representatives from all the evening clubs using the house. Perhaps the best way to get an idea of what the Council is will be to print its constitution, the present form of which has been in force about five years and, while not in perfect shape, has been found useful and was the out- growth of ten years' experience. We, the members of the clubs of the Hudson Guild, in order i ts constitution to form a more perfect union, establish justice, promote the gen- eral welfare and secure greater social liberty and privileges for ourselves and our neighborhood, do establish this constitution for the members of the clubs of the Hudson Guild. 61 62 THE HUDSON GUILD ARTICLE I. Sec. 1. — Legislative Department. — All legislative powers for the house herein granted shall be vested in the Clubs' Council of the Hudson Guild, which shall be a representative body. Sec. 2. — The Council shall be composed of members chosen every year by the members of the various clubs, and five members at large to be elected by the Council. The Head Worker shall be ex officio member of the Council ; he shall have the right to participate in the discussion, but shall have no vote. Sec. 3. — No person shall be a representative to the Council from a club which has been in the house for a year or more unless said representative shall have been in the house for a year or more ; but a new club admitted to the house shall at once have full representation. Sec. 4. — Representatives to the Council shall be appor- tioned among the clubs according to their respective member- ships, each club having the right to one representative for every ten members, each club being entitled to at least one represen- tative, and no club to be allowed more than five representatives. Sec. 5. — When a vacancy occurs in the representation from any club the club president may have power to appoint a substi- tute until the next regular meeting of the club, when the vacancy shall be filled by election. Sec. 6. — The Council shall choose a president and other officers from among its own members, and shall have the sole power of removing its own officers. Sec. 7. — The election of members to the Council shall take place in the various clubs at the first regular meeting in January. Sec. 8. — The election of officers for the Council shall take place at the first meeting of the Council in February. Sec. 9. — The Council shall assemble at least once every month. Sec. 10. — The Council shall keep a journal of its proceedings and from time to time shall publish its proceedings in the house newspaper, and the yeas and nays of the members of the Council on any question at the desire of one-fifth of those present shall be entered on the journal. ARTICLE II. Sec. 1. — Mode of Passing Rules. — Every measure which shall have passed the Council shall before it becomes a law be 63 THE HUDSON GUILD presented to the Head Worker of the Hudson Guild ; if he approve lie shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his ob- jections to the Council, and if alter further consideration two- thirds of all the members of the Council agree to pass the measure- it shall become a law. If any measure adopted by the Council be not returned by the Head Worker at the next regular meeting of the Council it shall be a law as if it were signed. ARTICLE III. Sec. 1. — Powers of the Council. — To assign rooms, to apjxir- tion and collect house rents, to regulate interclub affairs and the relations of the house with other neighborhood houses, to establish a uniform rule for the passing of a member from one club to another, to promote educational work, to provide means of athletic exercise and entertainment, to undertake and encourage im- provements in the neighborhood, to establish a court in the house, to make house rules, to suspend or expel any club, to grant or take away privileges from any club. Sec. 2. — The Council may not prevent any person joining a club provided he has not broken any of the rules regulating the passing of a member from one club to another and is of good moral character. Sec. 3. — The Council shall not discipline a member of any club until after the case has been referred by the House Commit- tee or the Head Worker or his representative to the club of which the offender is a member. In case the club does not take proper action at or before the time of its next regular meeting, the case shall be referred to the Court of the Clubs' Council by the secre- tary of the Council for action. The judges shall pass both upon the original offense and upon the club which has failed to take action. Their decision shall be final unless reversed by the Council, and the House Committee shall be empowered to carry out the decision of the Court. Sec. 4. — The Council shall adopt rules to be known as By- Laws of the Council which shall regulate the powers of the House Committee and all other committees, except such powers as are granted to them in this Constitution. Sec. 5. — In case of the removal from office of the Head Worker or of his death or absence the president of the Council shall perform his duties until someone is duly appointed by the Hoard of Trustees of the Hudson Guild. 64 THE HUDSON GUILD ARTICLE IV. Sec. 1. — Duties of the Head Worker. — He shall, from time to time, give information to the Council about the state of the house and recommend for its consideration such measures as he shall deem necessary and expedient. The Head Worker and the House Committee shall see that the laws passed by the Council are faithfully executed. Sec. 2. — The Council may at any cime by a two-thirds vote impeach the Head Worker, and it shall be the duty of the president of the Council to announce to the Council the next regular meet- ing of the Board of Trustees, when delegates shall be appointed to lay the matter at issue between the Council and the Head Worker before the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. Sec. 1. — The judicial power of the Hudson Guild shall be vested in a Court and in such inferior courts and committees as the Council may from time to time appoint ; the president of the Council to act as chief of the Court ; judges to be elected by the Council. Sec. 2. — The judicial powers of the Court shall extend to all cases arising under this constitution. Sec. 3. — Appeal may be had from the decision of the Court through the Council, and the Council shall have the power either to sustain or reverse the decision of the Court by a majority vote of all the members of the Council. ARTICLE VI. Sec. 1. — A new club may be admitted by the Council to the house, and no club shall be considered a member of the house until it has been formally admitted by the Council. Sec. 2. — The Council shall guarantee to every club in this house a self-chosen form of government; shall protect each club against all avoidable annoyances, and shall strive to further the welfare of each club by every means possible. Sec. 3. -This constitution shall not be considered valid until it shall have been ratified by two-thirds of the clubs of the Hudson Guild. 65 THE HUDSON GUILD ARTICLE VII. Sec. [.- Tlie Council, whenever two-tliirds of its members shall deem it necessary, shall propose an amendment to this con- stitution, but no amendment shall be considered as binding until it has been ratified by two-thirds of the clubs. In certain aspects the Hudson Guild is an educational insti- tution its best teaching has probably been through the Council and like organizations. There is much talk these days about self- government and democracy. Probably the best people in the com- munity are not able to govern themselves any tcx> well ; howev er, there is this in common among all people, that they get more out of self-government in the long run, or at least participating in self- government, than they do out of any other form of management. We do not claim that we have a perfect form of government for a neighborhood house ; we claim only that we are trying to learn those methods and acquire the virtue ai.d skill which will make self-government more and more possible and an ever greater reality. We would be perfectly willing to have all of our plans and work considered merely an attempt at self-education in self-govern- ment. It is a lesson which cities, states and the nation itself has only partially learned. Through the medium of parties and poli- ticians the people and particularly the poor people have been almost entirely divorced from any participation in government whatsoever and this points a great danger in the future. The Hudson Guild is trying to give such powers to and develop such responsibilities in its club members that they will be able and will- ing to take a really useful part, not only in the house but in the neighborhood and the city as well. 66 THE HUDSON GUILD ®tjr (gattnnl (Emnmttteea The House Committee is the executive committee of the The House Council. The president and the treasurer are always two of its Committee members — the other members, representatives of the clubs, are appointed by its chairman. Through its hands pass all bills to be approved before being paid by the treasurer of the Council. It has financial anxieties which it accepts most seriously — and all plans for raising extra money to meet house expenses are made by this committee, to be accepted or refused by the Council. It is responsible for house order ; all dates for dances are assigned by the committee and clubs must apply to it for rooms. Any house members reported for misconduct are expected to communicate with the committee. All business addressed to the Council passes through its hands. Contracts for coal, janitor's supplies, etc., are made by this committee or made and submitted to it. It meets weekly on Monday evenings. All applications from groups that are desirous of forming The Membership clubs are sent to the Membership Committee. They are inves- Committee tigated and brought before the Council. Any changes of address, resignations or names of new members are sent to this committee. All clubs must submit a full list of members with their addresses: these names are registered in the card catalogue, one of our im- portant features. Keeping careful account of our members, seeing that clubs which have been dropped by the Council because of rent due or for some serious misdemeanor are not coming back under a different name — all this means time and thought and care, the exercise of which makes this body an important branch of the Council. The Entertainment Committee has charge of all house dances „,, „ The Entertain- and entertainments, but it is not responsible for entertainments ment Committee given by individual clubs. However, some representative of this committee and one or more members of the House Committee are 67 THE HUDSON GUILD supposed to be present and assist the liosts in meeting quests and keeping order. Closely connected with this committee is the Education Com- mittee, under whose auspices are conducted the various classes — civil service, Stenography, music, literature, arithmetic and other branches of mathematics, and plan reading ; the Shakespeare read- ings in different clubs and the study of various dramatic works. There are men on the police force, mail carriers, firemen, bookkeepers and expert Stenographers as well as men advanced in the trades who owe their positions to the men and women who have come to the Guild in the evenings to give special instruction. Under the supervision of these two committees, Education and Kntertainment, come the excellent Sunday concerts, which are a real feature of the winter's work. The Education Committee also arranges for the fine loan exhibitions of pictures always to be seen in the library. The Fool Committee has charge of the Common Room, in which men of all clubs can play pool or cards. The committee must have at least one representative in the room every evening, not only to keep order but to collect dues from the pool tables. The judges of the Court, five in number, one chief judge and four associates, are elected by the Council. The duties of these officers are indicated in Article V, Sections 1, 2 and 3, of the Council's constitution. So smoothly do the different clubs and club members do their work that the meetings of the Court are very rare, need for its action taking place only once or twice a year. Hut it has been found very valuable to have such a body, on whose authority and justice all house members can rely. 68 THE HUDSON GUILD Utyp iiatnrt (Uommtttrr ' Tis not in the high stars above Nor in the cups of budding flowers. Nor in the redbreast' s mellow tone, Nor in the bow that smiles in showers ; But in the mud and scum of things — There ahvay, alway something sings. Ralph Waldo Emerson. The work of the District Committee extends far outside the The walls of the house, our neighborhood reaching from Forty-second neighborhood street to Fourteenth street, Broadway to the river — a neighbor- hood not so thickly populated as one of the same size on the East Side, but still crowded and with miserable rear tenements behind many fairly decent-looking houses; a sordid neighborhood, where families of eight feel that ten dollars a w r eek is a fair living wage; where family after family never know what it is to be comfort- ably housed, clothed and fed ; a neighborhood where poverty is accepted as a matter of course — a drunken husband, a crippled child but the common lot. Yet beneath all this tragedy lie good hearts, happy dispositions, generous natures and the fertile ground for mental development. More lovable little children are not to be found anywhere and one constantly recognizes in them the fine possibilities for the future. Into the ill-kept, damp-cellared houses creeps the curse of Chelsea district — tuberculosis — striking down the young and old, seldom stopping at one victim in a family, which is not surprising when seven and eight people live in four rooms, three of the four being dark. The district nurse is perhaps our greatest factor in lighting this curse, but even she could do little without the help of the other members of the committee. The District Committee is composed not only of house mem- bers but also of those not belonging to clubs who will render any service whatsoever. Each member is responsible for his or her 69 Tuberculosis THE HUDSON GUILD block, reporting the cases of illness, want, unsanitary conditions, etc., to the chairman of the committee. The family is visited and in many instances the committee turns to the Charity Organization Society, the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, the Hoard of Health and the Tenement House Department for co- operation and help. Fine lawyers have come forward to help some neighbor of ours in time of need, and there are at least three skillful doctors who will visit our sick in serious illness or who will receive in their offices some special case for examination. Often the committee members belong t<> families who have themselves come for help of various kinds and are now in turn eager to assist someone else. As an illustration we can cite the instance of a woman, a member of the committee, who for months has helped another with her large family, looked after the children when the mother was ill, sewed for them and has, during especially hard times, fed them. Co-operation flie "maternity bags" given us by the City Mothers' Club and the baby outfits from the Ethical Culture Sewing Society have proved an inestimable blessing t<> some of our women. A few days ago an old woman came to the Guild full of excited interest over a young woman whose baby had arrived to find no comforts <>f any sort awaiting it. "So I came right ' round, " said she, "be- cause I saw that outfit Mrs. S. had and I was sure you could help her." This we were able to do and the old woman went away happy with the necessary baby things. The problem of the unemployed is of course a tremendous one, and to help a man or woman find work is a very difficult matter. Still we succeed, even if it only means going to the country to earn a little money while regaining strength after a long illness. The battle with As to our battle with tuberculosis : We have our times of dis- tuberculosis . , . , , , , , couragement, though entire defeat does not have to be ac- knowledged. It is a happy thing when a little girl, one of a family where five older members have died of consumption, comes 70 THE HUDSON GUILD back from Stony Wold with sound lungs and the memory of happy days spent there. We are glad when we have succeeded in get- ting away a tubercular man or woman ; but after that we have the problem of the family to solve — a woman left with little chil- dren, often without friends save for the Guild, or a man who must find someone to look after his temporarily motherless children. Last year one young woman whom we knew and admired died in a tiny room in an old tenement ; her only outlook for months was upon dingy factory walls and a few feet of paved and dirty yard. She was one of the deserted women, with her child to support, and the trouble was brought on by overwork, poor food and vitiated air. She refused to leave her old mother and the little child, but her sufferings were borne silently and bravely, and happily our nurse could do much for her. Of the wretched housing of our neighborhood, a constant Wretched menace to its health and safety and an ever-perplexing problem housing to us, we can speak endlessly, and in fighting it we have the Board of Health, the Tenement House Department and the Department of Street Cleaning to appeal to. Damp cellars, fall- ing plaster, badly lighted halls, unsanitary plumbing, unemptied garbage cans, etc., etc. — all these things when reported to the committee are in turn reported to the proper city departments, these departments in turn notifying the committee as to what can be or has been done. The fact that we have an intimate knowledge of our neighbor- Block hood is an immense help in our work and our "block system " has system made it possible for us to know every family in certain blocks, and these family records are catalogued in the office. About half our clubs contribute voluntarily to the District Committee. Even some of the afternoon boys' clubs take great interest in the district work and never neglect their monthly donation of fifty cents. From February 1, 1910, to July 1, 1910, the clubs have con- tributed $101 ; for special cases interested friends have given 71 THE HUDSON GUILD Money support from clubs and interested friends The meaning ol the District Committee Report for one half-year $127.67. We have eacli month $55 (or emergency work this from two friends -and through the efforts of one lady 1112 was raised for us to pay for milk and eggs for tubercular children. One friend sends us each week from her country place butter and eggs ; these always go where there are old people or to the sick or convalescent. Through the hot months of 1910 we have been able, thanks to one of our friends, to supply the best milk for only six cents a (|uart to mothers with sick babies. In a few cases, where the poverty was extreme, the milk has been given away. Because of the mention of money the meaning of the District Committee must not be misunderstood. We are not a charity organization, yet without the material help lrom friends of Hudson Guild and from the clubs of the house very little could be accom- plished. The District Committee wants to help people to help each other - to create neighborly spirit, break down indifference. It wants to organize, strengthen and encourage the interest the poor have for the poor; to help them to look beyond their own doorsills toward the neighbor who has less — to realize that to give toothers of themselves is perhaps the greatest happiness. I'atients Nursing visits Friendly visits Dismissed to hospitals . Dismissed to dispensaries Died .... 192 807 172 18 30 5 Qlhr Athletir Aaaoriattmt The athletics of Hudson Guild is one of its most important features and without doubt attracts more persons to the house than any other single branch of the work. It serves as a great adver- tising medium, not only through the local gossip but also by press notices which give accounts of victories of some of the teams or members of teams. 72 73 THE HUDSON GUILD Athletics for the schoolboy is governed by the Hudson Guild Junior Athletic Association, which holds monthly meetings. This organization held a series of games and a silver cup was pre- sented to the club whose members had scored the most points at the end of the season. Three individual prizes were presented to the boys who scored the greatest number of points. There was a great friendly rivalry in these games, both among the clubs and the individuals, and the excitement was intense until the cham- pionship was finally decided. Leagues were also formed in basket- ball and baseball among the afternoon clubs. The afternoon attendance in the gymnasium reached such pro- portions that a new schedule had to be made and clubs that previously had two days a week in the gymnasium besides Saturday morning had to be content with one day a week. As the summer months drew near there was a noticeable falling off in the attend- ance, but the shower baths were made to do double service. In order to give the boys sufficient open air recreation weekly trips were arranged during the hot months, sometimes to play ball but more often to swim. The boys seldom came home from one of these trips without someone having learned to swim. The evening clubs attended the gymnasium regularly during the winter months, but, as was the case with the afternoon clubs, the attendance fell off considerably when the warm weather set in, the majority being content with the use of the shower baths. Clubs whose members are eighteen years of age and under are allowed the use of the gymnasium on Tuesday, Friday and Sat- urday evenings, class work being compulsory for boys of this age on Tuesday and Friday nights. Clubs whose members are over eighteen \ears of age have the use of the gymnasium every night but Thursday night, which is given over to the girls' clubs. These young men have the privilege of going in for class work at will. Special attention is given to abnormalities and advice is given to boys as to the correct kind of exercise to take, a bookkeeper need- ing a different form of exercise than a truckdriver. Young men 74 THE HUDSON GUILD who have applied for civil service positions where a physical ex- amination is required are put in condition and coached in the various tests required for passing. The Hudson Guild Athletic Association manages the athletics The and also pays the running expenses of the gymnasium, including h.g. a. a." lighting, repairing, etc. This association has a membership of 1, 180. The purpose of the athletic association is to promote athletics and the interest therein ; to organize, train and equip track, base- ball and basketball teams and to make a man better fit physically. The past year was a banner one for all branches of athletics in Hudson Guild. The track team scored the most points at the indoor championships of the Inter-Settlement Athletic Association at the Seventy-first Regiment Armory on February 9, 1910, and was again victorious at the outdoor championships of the same organization at Celtic Park on June 4, 1910. The team compares favorably with those of the majority of athletic organizations in Greater New York. The senior basketball team of Hudson Guild was one of the Basketball best teams in the vicinity of Greater New York, playing the strongest organizations obtainable and winning eighteen out of twenty games. During the winter months the Hudson Guild gave a basketball game and dance every Saturday night in the gym- nasium. The junior basketball team, which averaged 120 pounds, made a very creditable showing, winning fourteen out of eighteen games. Various clubs throughout the house had their own teams representing them and gave a good account of themselves. At baseball Hudson Guild boasts the best team it has ever Baseball produced, not excepting the famous team that won the Inter-Set- tlement baseball championship three years in succession. The team met and defeated some of the strongest teams in the vicinity, losing a small proportion of its games. The association held smokers once a month during the winter Smokers season, boxing, singing and dramatic talent furnishing the entertain- ment. In most cases boys from Hudson Guild were pitted against 75 THE HUDSON GUILD boxers from Other clubs, and almost invariably our boys lived up to t lie athletic standard of the Guild by outpointing their opponents. The association is on a good financial basis at present and the outlook for the coming year is most promising. CCbrlara The appeal which the Hudson Guild makes to the house mem- bers, the neighborhood, the subscribers, to other neighborhood houses and to the larger public, is through the publication of a paper called CHELSEA. It is safe to say that next to the direct method of speecli no means has ever been found for carryingon a movement that is so effective as that of a publication devoted especially to the interests of that reform or movement. Many who do not come to the house desire to learn of its activities ; many who are in different cities, and even in distant countries, who are working along the same lines are kept in touch with what is going on in this way as they could not in any other. In addition the house members themselves get a view of the different activities and are kept informed of what is going on at other times than those at which they visit the house. For instance, a club member coming only in the evening would have no idea of the equally ini|>ortant work which takes place in the morning and again in the afternoon. It is possible through Chelsea to give to each reader a rounded and complete view of the movement as a whole. We are all likely to use an institution just for what it gives us individually and frequently lose sight of those things as well as those persons w r ho do not immediately affect or appeal to us. Chelsea not only tells the news of what other people are doing in the various organizations and in the district, but it constantly brings to the attention of the readers not alone the ideals for which the Guild is striving, but those which are moving other people of like interest. For instance, it has printed articles on the labor 76 THE HUDSON GUILD question, on the saloon question, in regard to matters of health, recreation and education, in popular and entertaining torm. Its purpose is to discuss, at least, living issues and drive home import- ant ideas. Again, it is a publication devoted to improving conditions in our immediate vicinity. The paper has had its influence on some "Chelsea's" of the improvement methods that we have advocated in Chelsea lnfluen " in the neighborhood district. It was a factor in the agitation for the park. In the present fight for public baths it will be our best tool. In advo- cating any new thing it is always safe to count on the fact that people will more readily believe and longer remember what they read than what they hear. Particularly is this true in a neighbor- hood like ours, in which the amount of talk is out of all proportion to the amount of reading. A little article on a local subject has an influence which is very great. It is hoped that the public im- provements for which the Guild has worked, such as securing the park and the proper use of it, the day nursery, concerts, the fight on the Tenth Avenue tracks and the like, are only the beginnings of the program for neighborhood betterment to which Chelsea will be of valuable assistance. The fact that the paper reaches a larger public also makes The larger a good deal of good preaching possible. No one who knows the power of the daily newspaper will doubt that the editorial page of the Journal is one of the best influences which reaches the working people of the city. In the discussion of those things which touch public health and morals Chelsea aspires to do somewhat the same thing for this district that the Journal editorials do for the whole city. Touching the matter of intoxication, decency in dress and deportment, it is safe to say the paper lias had its influence. In the matter of health many women who never come to the house have been instructed in the care of their babies. The rights of the dwellers in tenement houses are made clear, In the hand to hand fight which the Guild is trying to carry on with tuberculosis, 77 public THE HUDSON GUILD one of tlie most vital undertakings in which we have ever engaged, tliis little paper has done yeoman service. The Literary While the literary department of the paper may not seem to some of the readers very useful, it has this justification : none of the really great literature quite expresses our situation or needs. It is the function of all literature to express the life of the people out of which it grows and we attempt in CHELSEA to find a chan- nel for local self-expression. It is believed that life everywhere lias its strength and its beauty, and the little stories, plays and songs written here at the Guild, while we recognize that they are of no value anywhere else, help to hold the mirror up to nature, to put a little decoration in the day and to relieve blank dreariness and unlo\ eliness in some of our lives. In brief the functions of CHELSEA are to bring together the members of Hudson Guild and its neighbors, to furnish ideas and ideals — to work strenuously for local reforms and to help to encour- age better forms of living and expression. 78 THE HUDSON GUILD For 12 months, from Oct. 1, 1909, to Sept. 30, 1910 Balance Oct. 1, 1909 RECEIPTS Dues of members .... 16, 135. (X) Contributions — For general purposes . 1,116.89 For an elevator . 1,205.50 For work of District Com. 335.00 For H. G. Mtg. Int. Fund 2,062.50 Interest ... ... 676.17 Dividend on cemetery stock . . 16.00 Hudson Guild printshop and Chelsea . 1,162.30 Hudson Guild fair .... 6,252.02 Mortgages paid 9,000.00 .11,108.39 D1SB URSEMENTS Club Work — Salaries District Work — Salary Kindergarten Work — Salaries Supplies . Gymnasium — Salary Janitors and Cleaning — Salaries Supplies . District Nurse — Salary Supplies Class Instruction — Salaries Supplies . Postage, stationery, Chelsea, petty cash, ice, milk, sundries and miscellaneous supplies ...... Repairing ...... Telephone and piano rent . Disbursed by District Committee . Hudson Guild printshop Insurance ..... Interest Paid in reduction of mortgage on 436-438 West Twenty-seventh street . 12,860.01 970.00 1,590.00 117.92 936.00 2.373.60 42.79 630.00 32.85 679.95 89.72 873.66 319.17 146.13 390.80 1,648.74 87.00 2,368.05 10,000.(10 27,961.38 $29,069.77 26,156.39 $2,913.38 Respectfully submitted Alexander M. Bing, Treasurer 79 THE HUDSON GUILD Ulrmbprfi ($5) Altmayer, Leon S. Altschul, Mrs. Theodore Ascher, E. Bach, Mrs. Joseph S. liaer, Abraham Baer, Mrs. Herbert M. Haer, Max Bamberger, Miss Alice C. J. Bayer, Mrs. E. S. Beran, Theodore Bernheim, Julius C. Bernheim, Henry C, Bernheim, Mrs. Henry C. Birnbaum, Mrs. Helen Blum, E. L. Blumenthal, Benjamin lilun, Mrs. Ferdinand Brill, Mrs. \. E. Brown, Miss Eva Ingersoll Brown, Franklin [. Brown, Robert Ingersoll Brown, Walston Hill Brown, Mrs. Walston Hill Bullowa, E. E. M. Bullowa, F. E. M. Calm, Arthur L. Cahn, Mrs. Leopold Cahn, William C. Chaim, Mrs. M. L. Cohen, Dr. Alfred F. Cooper, Jacob Damrosch, Mrs. Frank Denzer, Mrs. A. Dreicer, Michael Dreicer, Mrs. Michael Fhrich, Jesse W. Ehrich, Manfred \\ . Frdmann, Mrs. Julie I'rice Falk, Harry L. Falk, R. Tracy Frank, Alfred Frank, Henry Frank, Mrs. Leo K. Frankfeld, li. Freeman, Charles II. Freund, J. H. Prowenfeld, Mrs. Edward Cans, Mrs. Howard S. Gibbons, George Washington Goldberger, Maurice Goldfrank, John J . Goldman, William Goldmark, C. J. Goldmark, James Goldmark, Mrs. Joseph Goldsmeit, Mrs. H. B. Goodlrind, A. 15. Green, Stanley Grossman, Edward S. Herzfeld, Mrs. Felix Hess, Mrs. Alfred F. Hessberg, Miss Lena Hey wood, K. R. Hilbom, Lloyd T. Hirsch, Mrs. A. Hirsh, Mrs. Jacob Hoff, Mrs. Samuel Ingersoll, Miss Maud Ingersoll, Mrs. R. ('■. Kahn, Arthur A. Kahn, M. Kaufman, Mrs. G. 80 THE HUDSON GUILD Kaufmann, M. J. Kirchberger, Mrs. M. Kitzinger, Miss Matilde Klein, Arthur Klein, Milton M. Klug, Mrs. F. Kohn, Albert M. Kohn, Lawrence A. Kohn, Mrs. Laura Underhill Kohn, Theodore A. Kohn, Mrs. Theodore A. Kohn, Victor H. Kronthal, Leon K. Kuhn, A. Lachman, Samson Lassner, Sigmund Levi, Mrs. Louis Levy, Ben Levy, Mrs. Isaac H. Lewis, Clarence M. Lippman, Frank Loeb, Mrs. Herman A. Lorsch, Edwin S. Maas, Mrs. Gustavus Manges, Dr. Morris Marks, Fred W. Marks, Marcus M. Marks, Mrs. Marcus M. Martin, Mrs. Eliza F. Mayer, Mrs. A. J. Mayer, Otto Meierhof, Mrs. E. L. Mendel, Mrs. Max Menke, William Morgenstern, Max Mosenthal, iMss Elizabeth Mosenthal, Mrs. H. Naumburg, Mrs. Bernard Xeuman, Mrs. Frieda Noerdlinger, I. M. Obermeyer, Ernst Ollesheimer, Mrs. Henry Openhym, George J. Oppenheim, Robert ( >ppenheimer, Miss Adele Oppenheimer, Mrs. D. E. Oppenheimer, Miss Edna H. Oppenheimer, Henry S. Oppenheimer, Mrs. Henry S. Phillips, Mrs. David L. Price, Mrs. Joseph M. Proskauer, Joseph Reinheimer, E. Renskorf, Mrs. Charles S. Rice, Mrs. L. W. Rosenbach, H. B. Rossbach, Mrs. Jacob Rothschild, Harry S. Rothschild, Mrs. M. D. Rothschild, V. S. Schafer, Mrs. Edward Schafer, Mrs. Samuel M. Schindler, Alfred Schloss, Mrs. Henry W. Schlussel, Mrs. L. Scholle, Mrs. Albert W. Seeman Daniel Seligman, Mrs. E. R. A. Seligman, F. Shainwald, Miss Marion Shainwald, Ralph, Jr. Shaw, Mrs. Albert Sidenberg, Mrs. George M. Smith, Mrs. Solomon Spiegelberg, Mrs. F. Stein, Miss Gertrude R. Stein, Miss Lillian E. Steinam, A. Steiner, S. S. Steinfeld, Solomon Stern, E. H. Stern, Mrs. E. W. si THE HUDSON GUILD Sternbach, Morris Stiiier, Mrs. C. Stransky, Mrs. Maurice Strasser, Jack M. Strauss, lsidor Traub, Mrs. S. Tucker, Mrs. G. H. Uhlman, William Ulmaim, Mrs. Bernard Wallach, Mrs. 1. W alker, Miss Rose T. Weis, Mrs. M. Wolff, Miss Florence W olff, Joseph Wolff, Mrs. Joseph Wolff, Oscar K. Wolff, Rudolph ApaoriatfB ( $10-$20 ) Aaron, David Abenheim, Sidney Abraham, I.udolph H. Amberg, Max Bang, H. J. Beckhard, Mrs. M. Beer, Mrs. George L. Beer, Mrs. Julius Beer, Mrs. Walter E. Bendheim, Berthold Benjamin, Eugene S. Bier, Mrs. Sylvan Blum, Mrs. Albert Blunienthal, Irving Blumenthal, Sidney Blumenthal, Walter Borg, Miss Edith Borg, Miss Elsie Borg, Mrs. Myron I. Boskowitz, Jesse Calm, Mrs. A. L. Cahn, L. D. Cahn, W illiam L. Caiman, Mrs. E. Cannon, Mrs. H. W. Carlebach, Emil Coblens George E. Cohen, Benno Cohn, Leopold, Cooper, Morris Curtis, Mrs. James B. David, B. Edmund Davidson, Miss Frida Ducas, B. P. Edelmuth, Henry Ehrich, Mrs. Adelaide P. Enrich, Mrs. Jules S. Ehrich, William J. Eidlitz, Robert J. Einstein, Mrs. E. Eising, Harry Essing, Arthur Feder, Harry Fischer, Lewis Fisher, Miss M. Fisher, Samuel Frank, J. W. Frankenheimer, John Frankfield, Mrs. A. Frankfield, Hugo Gaisman, Henry J. Gans, Howard S. Glazier, Henry S. Goldberger, Mrs. S. 82 THE HUDSON GUILD Goldfrank, Lionel Goodhart, Albert E. Gruening, Miss Rose Guggenheimer, J. C. Guggenheimer, S. C. Gutman, A. L. Gutman, Melvin Gutmann, Carl Hall, Frank G. Hecht, George Hecht, Meyer Heimerdinger, George C. Hellman, Edgar A. Hellman, Mrs. George S. Hellman, Mrs. Theodore Herman, Sidney H. Hermann, Mrs. Ferdinand Herz, Ferdinand W. Herzog, Joseph L. Herzog, Mrs. Paul M. Heyman, Joseph M. Heymann, Everett B. Hirsch, Albert Hirsch, Mrs. Bella Hochschild, Mrs. Bertliokl Hochstadter, Mrs. Albert F. Isaacs, Stanley Jack, Mrs. John G. Josephthal, Mrs. Louis Kahn, Frederick W. Katz, Charles Kaufmann, Julius Kaufmann, Mrs. Julius Klaber, Mrs. M. ' Klee, S. J. Klein, Emil Klein, I. H. Kohn, Mrs. Lee Kohn, Kol)ert D. Kohnstamm, E. H. Kridel, Samuel Lehman, Philip Levi, Alfred Levy, E. A. Liebmann, Alfred Liebmann, David Liebmann, Henry Liebmann, Mrs. Henry Liebmann, Miss Kathleen S. Liebmann, Mrs. Walter H. Limburg, Richard Limburg, Mrs. Richard Lippman, Mrs. Leo Lithauer, Theo. Loeb, Ferdinand L. Lowengard, Mrs. Otto Luce, H. J. Maas, Gustavus Mayer, Edwin Meyer, Max Meyer, Walter Meyers, S. H. Morgenthau, Max, Jr. Morgenthau, M. L. Mosenthal, P. J. Moses, Mrs. Emanuel Nathan, Mrs. Max Naumburg, Bernard Obendorf, David Obermeyer, Joseph Obermeyer, Theo. Ollesheimer, Henry Openhyra, Emil Oppenheimer, A. Oppenheimer, Mrs. Anton Oppenheimer, Edgar I). Oppenheimer, Paul H. Ottenberg, Mrs. Hannah Peierls, Siegfried Plaut, Herman Popper, Arthur W. Price, Joseph M. 83 THE HUDSON GUILD Prince, Leo M. Rice, J. I. Ries, Mrs. Klias Robertson, Julius Root, L. Carroll Rosenberg, II. Rosenberg, James X. Rosenblatt, Mrs. Leo G. Rossbacb, Jacob Rothschild, Mrs. Edward Rothschild, M. D. Sachs, Paul J. Salomon, Bernard J. Salomon, Edward N . Sampter, Morris Sclilussel, Jacob S. Scholle, Albert II . Schoolhouse, Lewis Seligman, Mrs. Albert Seligman, Hugo Seligman, Mrs. Jefferson Seligman, Miss Madelin Shainwald, Ralph Shoenfeld, I?. P. Siegbert, Julius Silberman, Arthur Speyer, Leo Stein, Jacob Stein, Mrs. Leo Stein, Mrs. Leo Steinhardt, Alex L. Steinliardt, David J. Steinhardt, Fred F. Steinhardt, Henry Zoellner, Steinhardt, Lewis Steinhardt, Morris Stern, Albert Stern, Mrs. Albert Stern, Arthur Stern, Mrs. benjamin Stern, Michael Stine, Mrs. Marcus Strasser, Edward Strasser, William Strasser, \V. W. Straus, Mrs. Jesse Isidor Stroock, Lewis S. Stroock, Mark E. Sutro, Mrs. Lionel Sutro, Richard Tanenbaum, Leon W alter, Edwin J. Walter, Herman N. Walter, Mrs. William I. Weiler, Albert Wertheimer, Jacob Wiener, Mrs. Charles Wimpfheimer, Charles A. Wolf, Leo Wolf, Max Wolf, Simson W olff, Mrs. Alfred R. Wolff, Charles R. Wolff, Emil Wolff, Mrs. Louis A. Wormser, Mrs. Isidor Wurzburger, Bernard Younker, Ira M. Mrs. Carl P. Arkush, Reuben Beller, A. Bendheim, Henry Jlatroiia ( $25 -$50 ) Benjamin, Morris W 7 . Benjamin, Mrs. Morris W. Borg, Mrs. S. C. 84 THE HUDSON GUILD Chapman, John Jay Cohen, Mrs. B. Cook, Alfred A. Cullman, Mrs. Ida R. Eisig, Arthur M. Eiseman, Mrs. Samuel Eidlitz, Mrs. M. Ertheiler, James (in mem.) Frankfort, Maurice Goldfrank, Mrs. Max Guggenheim, Benjamin 1 [irsch, Leo H. Hirsch, Morris J . Hirschhorn, Charles Hirschhorn, Fred. Hochschild, Berthold Heimerdinger, M. Jonasson, Meyer Kahn, Mrs. 0. H. Kempner, A. W. Kohn, Emil W. Lewisohn, Adolph Lewisohn, Mrs. F. Liebmann, Julius Liebmann, Samuel Wurzbur Liebmann, Walter H. Loeb, Emil Loeb, James Mendel, Max Meyer, Edwin J. Meyer, Eugene, Jr. Openhym, A. \V. Openhym, Mrs. A. W. Openhym, Mrs. Adolph Openhym, Wilfred A. Oppenheimer, G. Oppenheimer, Julius Plaut, Leopold Kies, Hugo Rosenbaum, Selig Schiff, Mrs. Jacob H. Schiff, Mortimer L. Schiff, Mrs. Mortimer L. Seligman, George W. Seligman, Jefferson Siegbert, Louis Stein, Herbert L. Sulzberger, Ferdinand Warburg, Mrs. Felix M. Warburg, Mrs. Paul M. ter, A. Berolzheimer, Emil Bing, Alexander M. Eidlitz, Otto M. Eiseman, Samuel Heimerdinger, Mrs. J. Hirsch, Robert E. ( $100--$250) Liebmann, Charles J. Plaut, Joseph Schiff, Jacob H. Seligman, Alfred L. E. Seligman, Isaac N. Stein, Leo 85 THE HUDSON GUILD Rrpar! of thr (Trraaurrr of the (Eluba* (Cmmril Octobeb i, 1909, to July 31, 1910 RECEIPTS Rents from clubs 8883.62 Donated by H. G. A. A. ... 457.30 Collected in pool room .... 131.50 $1,472. 42 DISBURSEMENTS Gas #406.88 Electric light 107.98 Coal 531.90 Janitor's supplies, incidental repairs and general expenses ..... .V/».81 $1,413.57 Balance $58.85 ^ubarrtbrrii ttt the fHnrlgiuir Jlutrrrst Jfuni) A. W. Openhym $250.00 a y W. A. Openhym 250.00 Robert B. Hirsch 250.00 Charles J. Liebmann ...... 250. h < 2 ! M - w p < w < W u CO Q c CJ w 03 s u O c o Q 3 o c o CO 3