G I AKGllM NOTITU: OR the PRESENT STATE ENGLANl>r' The FIRST PART, Together with divers REFLECTIONS UPON The Antienc Scare thereof. — -- BY EDJV. CHAMBERLArNE, DoftoY of L A W S. tf The Fiftcmb Edition, with feveral Ad- flitions, and very many Alterations. Spm-t,v!i qum uallm cfl h.mc ormt. LONDON, Printed by ^.r/ai/onl, and are to be fold by }{. Eeiiily in covM-Gjrdni, 1684. ’TSocrm v-£5x\>ie.\^ \ 5 ’ 0‘%0 TO HIS ^OYAL HIGBNESS THE Moft Excellent, Illuftrious,, And Valiant PRINCE GEORGE, O F Denmark md Nerwaj Hereditary Prince; Only Brother to the prefent King oi DENMJRfC. AND Knight of the Moft Noble. Order of the GAR TER. Thu Fifteenth Edition of the PRE¬ SENT state of ENGLAND, is. mojt ' humbly Dedicated by the AV.THOR, Edw..Chamberlayne. TO THE reader I N this find Treatife, tk Reader maj not reafonahly exjJcSt to hitys his fancy much. delighted^ (Ornari resipla negat, contenta doceri,) but only to have his underftanding informed-^ and thereforeihe Au¬ thor hath mduflriotifly ’ayoided all curioits Flowers of Rheto- , rick, and made it'his whole bn- fmefs to feed his (^ader with abundant yariety of Excellent Fruks. Here are intofierfed fome Ob- feryations ^ ivlnch^ though al- A 5 . ready To the Reader. ready known to many Englifli- men, yet may be unknown to mojl Strangers and Foreigners, for the information of whom^ this Book is fecondarily intended mid for that end is lately Tran fa¬ ted into the French Tongue, and Printed at Amfterdam, and at Paris ; Tnherehy may be extin- guifhed in fome meafure ^ the Thirft, which ¥orei^nets gene¬ rally have to know de Prefent State of this confiderabk Mou aarchy. JUhough the mam aim is to mform the World of the Prelcnt State of this kingdom ; yet di¬ ners ^fieSlms are made upon the Paft State thereof ; that fo by To the Reader. hj comparing that with the Pr^- fent, Jome worthy, perfons niay.i thereby, not only be moyed to f w-• deayour the Reftauradon ojy what, Wits heretofore better, dttil the abolidoii of lyhat- is itoia worfe h but alfo ■■ may' ahnoft fore-fee 'lyiihout confulting our^ Aftrologers, and Apocalyp;- - tick Men,- what 'trill be the Fii--* turc State oj this Nation: cording to that excellent S(tying; , Qm refpicit priecerita & inrpi»-- dt prxfentiay pvorpicit etiam? & fiitiira.- ■ A good Hijlwian by running bade'to Ages padr,, and by ftanding; liilk; and t viewingthe prefent times,and i comparing the-'one -with the : other, may then ran forward A-^, andi To tHe Reader. and give a verdid of the State., almoft-Prophetick. Inthg many Refledions mi the Antient State of England, Jtequent tife is made of diyers graye Authors, as of Glanvile, Bi-adon, Bncton, of Horn in his Mirror of Juftice, Fleta, Fortefcue, Linwood, Stam- ford, Smith, Cohns, Camden, Gook, Spelman, Selden, And for the Prefent State, Con- ful.ation wits had. toith feVeral men of all Faculties and ^rofejp^ ons, and forne yery eminently Learned ferfonages yet Hying ,• to the end, that the (^^er To the Reader. mthout the trouble an4 chdrgcs . of a g-eut Library. An4 as ■ the Author doth [ometmes ufe ■ the Words of the UVingyani i the Writings of fL’ Dead, jeL - dom qiiothg any to ayoid Often- tation ; f ) he hopes that this inge- ■ ■ mous ConFeffion being made at:: frft, no Man will be ojfend'cd, though he ghe notice biit rarely :■ yphen the Oblervarioii is theirs^ , and when it is his own ,• ha)nng ;; taken f^ecial care, that both in < theirs , and in his oTPn ,■ there ■ Pould be nothing but the Truth j : And although the ■ dreader not . pYcehing eHery where, by "tohat ' Authority ^ divers^ things - are ' ay erredmay he aPt. to jufl^ec!:, , that fme things are grads dtda^ . A .5 ; yet ■ To the Reader. yet^ if it Jhdl pleafe hhn tO'nukc- he ‘tffill find, thut gene~ rdly they are Vere &. cum.au-. thoritate difta,. HoWer , in- a fuhjeSl [»■ Multiform Of this, where fo many mrks an aimed at - no wonder if in fome, the Author hath not hit the White-■ but where fo¬ ggier it hath appeared to him to have been nufjed in the former Imprejfm, it is in this hly cor- reSied. 'Breyity , and a- Ijaconick Stile, is aimed at all along-, that fo there might be Magnum in Farvo/kt this-Treatife might he Mole miuimu-, tho Re magi nus, To the Reader. nus, that the tphole State of England might he jeen at once ^ iv TVTrwy Of y as m a ^da^ j that as- ittviU he a ufeful ^ookfor all- Englifhmen at all times- So- eyay one might, whout trouhky ahvays carry it about with him^ as a Companion , to conjult upon- all occajions. T? H::E: THE TABLE. A. A Bfence of the Admiral of Eaghnd. . Advent Sunday. Aire of England. Apparel. Apprentices. Arckhijhop. Arch-Deacons. Arm of England. - Arms of the Queen. Art-Majlers. Attire or Habits. , Birmerets Sfnighti.: Baronets, a lip. Batons. Bath Bfnigks.- lijhops ... Bifiops, t Lip^- 348 324 287 258 Biloops The Table. - SijSjofsfublk^vioris. , ^ijhops Siiffn^MS. Sijhps l{evemtiu. BnMngs. Cdets, Canterbury Jrchbijhop. cenmotiks Mijier. Chippel the K^ings.. Chapkim. Chamberhin of Enghni. ehamberkkofthelQ’’S- ChawtfjConn. Chancdhur of EnglanA' chaticeSour of Bilhops. ebapkks to the Jfixgr Ckildren. Civilms. Clergy. Climate of England. Clerk, of the Market, cofferer. commodities of England. commons of England. Cmwon Pleas, eonptmion o/England., comptroler. Conflable of England. Councelloiirs Privy. Comiing Hoiffe. court Kfrgs. court ilueens. court Dukes ard Mlchefs. court of Prince George and frmefs. . crorxm,Succeffm thereto. ■ courts foreign. 246 174 The Table. D. Dij hegiming. Dij ZibOHters. Denis, Diet ef tie Englifli. Dmenjtons of England. Divition of England. Diffojiims of tie Englilh, Divinity of the ^ng. Dominions of the J(jng. Drinking ExteJIes. Dukes. Dukes *t ^rtns, Duie of York. E- Zirl Mn^th Eurls. Et^er. Sfquires. Exck^net, ibid. 35 ftlonits, Ereeholitrs^ G. Gentlemen, Gemlemen of tie tekimben. Co.virnm;nt of England. Government of tie Kjngs Court G iveynmint Miliipy,- 4.5i 350 The Tablet GtsenCloth Cm cloth Com. Groom’ of the Beichmkt. CiiArds ner is lels fcorching than in fome parts of the Comment, that lie much more Northward, where neither Ram iior Ciouds appear for fome Months, and not much As in Simm, the gentle irimls and freqiipt Showers cmMe all violent Heitt and Vrougks, fo in irink-rthe Frofls do only meliorate the cultivated Soil, and the Snow keep warm the tender Plants. In a word, here is no need ot Stoves in Winter, norGrotta’s in Summer. •It is bleffed with a very fertile wholfom Soil, ' watered abundantly with Springs and Strenm, and in divers parts with great NnvigMe ^-jers-, few barren ,V(W)jmwj and Craggy i^oct^’butge- nerallv gentle pleafantAi//j,and hmthXFdhys, apt for Grm, Gmfs, or mol The Excellency of the Enghlh Soil may be learn’d (as Tu™ ad- vifed of old ) from the complexion of the In¬ habitants, who therein excel all other Nations: or elfe from the high value put upon it by the Jfomm flf ENGLAND'. f l{ri>M«s and the Saxotis, \vho look’d upon it a? fnch a precious fpot ofground.thatthey thought it worthy to be fenced in like a Giirdeii-plot with a mighty n’j//of foui fcore miles in length, v/c. {iom Tinmoiub on the Germ.m Sa. to Sohv.i)- Ithh on the Iti^y Se,i, Cwhereby the Culedonn i jsi-ei might be excluded) and with a monltrous Z)%. offourfeore and ten miles, viz. from the mouth of the River n>,to thatofthe River Dez, r whereby the OwiM-St/ww-Foxej might be kept out.) Lallly, the excellency of her Soil may alfo be learn ci from thofe tranlcendent Fu~ logies, bellowed on her bv Ancient and MoJei n Writers, calling Eiiglini thfi-Crizn.iry opboirc. Pen World, ihe Seat of ceres, Sac. That liev nilleysaK like Eden, her Hilh like Lsbinoii, li.er d'pi'itiwas Eifgiih, and her Kivsrs as Jerlin. 1 !,a iheisaPatWliof and the Gitiica ot G.01I. 0 foriuuuFiormbia icrrisbcMor ni'iin- ah', leommlimcxliacfoli ditiivit Ndtur.!, tibi ni¬ hil kefi quod vm ojjciilit, tibi mhii derft quod vita defilerel, ha ut alter orbit exiracrbcm poni dielicm humamgertsrk videarit. Oh happy and blefled Britain! above all other Countries in the World, A-^iiirchathenrich’dthee with all the bleflings of E/caven and Earth; Nothing in thee is hurtful to Mankind, nothing wanting in, thee that is defirable; infomuchjthat thoufeem- ell another World placed belides, or without the great World, meerly for the. delight and pleafure of Mankind. As it is divided from the reftofthe World, fo by reafon of its great abundance of all things neceffary for the life of Man, it may without the mtributm of any other part of the M’orld,. more eafily fiiblift than any of its neighbouring Countries. Tern^ 9;, §?cfcnt ^tate Tim [uff mtentihonis, m id’gi m»cU. Firft, For wKolfom fubllantial toii, what plenty every where of Jfeef, Oxe«, Swine, fal- low'-Dier, Cossp, and Hami It wants not S^-Detr, CoitSf nor J{oes. What abundance of Hens, Ducks, Geefe, Turkeys, Fidgeons and I.ialesi Of Fmrtdge, Fknfms, Vlovets, Teuls^ Thrupes, Merles, Field-fares, vujles, or Black¬ birds, Wild-ducks, Wild-geefe, Swans, FeacockSy Buntings, Snipes, fail's, Woodcocks, lapwings'* It wants not Sandlings, Kjiot, Curlew, Bayning, Dotterel, Roe, chur, Miychit, Stint, Sea- Flover,. Fewiis, I(edjlianks, l{ails, and n heat- ears, Herrons, Cranes, Bitterns, Buflards, Vujftns, God-wits, Heath-cocks, More-Pouts, or Groufe- ThruJItes and Thrufiles: What plenty of Salmon, Trouts,,Lampens, Gudgeons, Carps, Tench, lam- preysyFikes, Perches, Eeles, Bremes,Roche, Due, Cre 0 ,,Flounders, Plaice, Shads,MuUitsi What greatabundance of Herrings, whitings,Mackerel, Soles, Smelts, Pilchards,. Sprats, Oyjlers, Lobjlers, Crabs, Shrimps, Thornback? &c. It wants not Prawns, Ruffs, Muffles, Cockles, Conger, Tur~ hots, Cod,.Scats, Mades, Efcalops, 8 c.c. What great plenty of nipples. Pears, Plums, and cher¬ ries ? Ho'w doth England abound vvitli Wheat, Barley, Rye, Fu’fe, Beans and Oats ? with ex-- ctilent Butter and cheefel with moil forts of Edible Roots and Herbs'! &c. Itwantsnot^- psicocks, Peaches, Netiarens, Grapes,.Mulberries, Fags, MeIoni, 3 _um:es,IR.c. P/ahuts, Small Puts, Filberts, Chefnms, Medkri, Wardens, Rafpices, Strawberries, Currants, Goofeberries, &c, LalHy, for Drinks, .England abounds with Beer, Ale, Sh der. Ferry, and infome parts-with. Afetieg/'w or Meie,- Um- ENGLAND; Now of all thefe things,there is fuch a conllarit, continuance, by reafon of the clemency oi xUe climate^ that fcarce the leaft faminej which fre- quenteth other Countries, hath been felt in' ZncUtd thefe 4C0 years. . Then for BnglpM produceth gene¬ rally, not only ^>ery fine moll, which makes our Cloth more lafting than other Country Cloth,- and better conditioned againft wind ^wlWea-- tkf, but alfo fuch great abundance of Wooll.’ that not only all forts, from' thehigheft to the ’ lowelt, are'cloathed therewith; butfo much' hath been heretofore tranfported beyond the Seas, that in honour of t\\& EngUjbwooU, that then brought fuch plenty of GoldintotheTer- -ritoriesofPW/rf.firnamedB om, Duke ofB«r-- mmdy, ( where the Staple for Englijb Wooll was ■ in thofe days kept)he inllituted (.as forae write) that famous Milmry Order of the Golden Fleece^ ■ at this day inhigheft efteemwith the whole Boufeof Auftrk- This abundance and cheap- nefs of Wooll in _ proceeds not only fromthegoodnefsof the Soil, but alfo from the freedom from Wolves, and from exceffive Beats zadi colds, which in other Countries create a chargeofa conflant guarding their Sheep, and houfingthem by night, and fometimes by day. Alfo, for advancing the hdanufaftures of Cloth, that neceflary Earth, called Fullers Earth, is no/ where elfe produced in that abundance and ex¬ cellency, asin England, ItwantsnotLinnen forallufes, at lead not ' ground to produce Flax and Hemp, although there be at prefent much Zinnen imported, to the fhame and damage of the Nation. Befide, there is in England great plenty ot excellent-Leather for all forts of ufes, m lo B a raucli § iEi)e ^jcfeut much that the pooreli people wear good Shaoer of Lenther ; whereas in our neighbouring Coun¬ tries, the poor generally wear either Shopesof Wood, or none at all. For Buitiing, it wants not Ximhet nor Imi Sme nor Skte, Bricky nor Tiks-, Matbk nor AU- bUJkr, Mamrno:Lime, Luimr For Firing, either mod, Sm-coA, or Ph-coal, almoft every where to be had at reafonable For Shippmg, no where better Odi, no where fuch FQtsMmber, as they call i t; or /rM to make ferviceable and durable Guns, For IVdr, for Coach, for High-my, and Elimt- hg, no where fuch plenty ofHorfes-, alfo for Plough, Cart, and Carriages ; infomuch Mules and AJfes fo generally made ufe of in Francs,ltd- ■ , ly, and Spain, are utterly (iefpifed in For of all forts, fizes and ufes, as Ma- fiiffs, Gre}'munds, Spaniels (or Land and niaer, hounds for Stag, Buc^, Fox, Hare and Otter j ■ Terriers, Tiirabkrs, lurchers, Setting-Dogs, CurSj little ZipDcgs,-(Sc. Moreover, England produceth,belides a migh¬ ty quantity of Tin, lead, and iron, feme Brnfs ■ and copperas i much Alome, Salt, Hops, Saffroity Dcorice,.Hoi!ey,.lFax,Tallow, Conej-Furrs, Salt¬ peter,Toad for Dyingiund divers other beneficial Commoditiesit wants notMhes of Silver,yield- ing more in their fmall quantities of Oar,and fo richer than thofe of FotoJ/ in the Weft-hdks, whence the King of Spain hatli molt ofhisJr/- vcr-, tliofe yielding ufiially but one Oiince-and an half of Silver in one hundred Ounces of Oar -, w hereas thefe in ifaks, Corimal, lancafiiro, and tlie nijboprich^of Durham, yield ordinarily fix or- efglir Ounces per Cent, b'lit thefe lying deep, are hard-to come unto, and W-wkmendear,.whicJr isotiierwifeini’s/^f. It 95 or ENGLAND^; ■ If wants not 'Hot Bttths, and abounds in Medi~- ('ml Springs. . ‘ yineyirds hare been heretofore common jn molt of the Southern and middle parts of Eng- kni-, and ^i/^r might be here produced, as it was once defigne'd by King fmes : but a great partofthe Natives,' prone to mvigtiion, fup- - plying Eiigknd ata very cheap rate,_ with all- forts of rrfeer,i/74;,and'all other Foreign Com¬ modities, faccording to that of an ancient Poet-' j^dquidmxt luxKSy liquid defdemtufits ,, Exte pervenktveUliundetiii-,) ithath been found far better Husbindry taem-'- ploy a^//]l) ground rather for producing iml,: corn and cattel, for which ibis molt proper.- In a word, though fome Countries excel ryng- in fome things, yet generally, there isno-- one Country under Heaven, whole Air is better llored with Birdr and fsro/r; Seas, Ewers, and' Pco/ft with Fijlxs-, Fields with all forts of corn.' the Pa/lms~mth Cattel, the ForeJiS', Parks, K'arrens and mods, with WildBeajis. only for Recreation and Food ; the Mines with Metals, Coals, and other Minerals ; Where are few¬ er ravenous and hurtful Btafis, fewer venomous Serpsnts, or Noifome Flies and Fermin, fewer Droughts, Initndaims or Dearths ; fewer Vti. vihole[ome Serenes, Pefiilentiil Airs, Tempe/hms Hurricanes ,' Subterranean Fires, Boning Moun¬ tains, ot Dejiriibi’ive Earthpikesl In a word, where is there a greater abundance ■ of all things necelTary for Mans life, and moreefpe- cially; for all "kind of Food? infomuch that it hath been-judged, that there is yearly as - much-Flejh and Beer confumed in England by over-plentiful Tables, as would ferve three times the number of People, Add to all this, That being encompaiTed with the Sea, and well ‘ B'-;. furntllt’^- 10 fiirnilh'd wiihShips, and abundance ofcommo--' ^ (Uous and excellent Havens and Ports, it excels ■ farfiifety and [eciirhy (whith is ro finall praile^ x all the Neighbouring Countries, if not all the Countries in the World, and needs not much to.fear-anyNeighbouring Nation, butonly tbat^ which grows potent in Shipping, for they only can deprive us of onr main fecurity, and of an - Hland can make us as a Continent. ■SSr-m-. At firlt all Nations bartered and exchanged one. Commodity for another, ..but that being, feund troublefome, by akind ofcullom,good jiingy or ufage, amonglt aU civiliz’d Nations,. .^wrand Gold-, as molt fomble, fliabk, bemi- fyh. andlefs fubiedltorull, hath been as early aadedaysof ^brdm, chofen to be the Inllru-- stents of Exchange and Meafun of all things, and were at firlt paidonly by Weight, till the Ko- wm about rtreekadred years befotetbe Birth alchriji, invented copkg, oxStmpng of Gold and Silver. 1 When ^ulki firlt entred this Ijlmme ' were current, inltead of Money, certain Iron Kings ; afterwards the J^mm brought in the ufe of GoM, Silvery 2nd-Brafs Cops. In tlie time of King l^ichitrii the Firlt, Moneys coynedinthe Ball parts of Cermtijr being for its purity highly elteemedjfome of thofe Eafor^- ■ %xwerefentfor over, and employed incur Mint, and thence our Money, cdlkd Eafierliiig or S/er%Money, asfom; think;. (asihefirlt Gokicoyncdin England, .was by King Edward. the Third, and thofe pieces called Florences, be- esEtfePlorenthesv/evi the .lirlt Coyners there- of ;/though others fay of tlie Saxon world Sier, Weighty. King Edward the 1 irlt,l?nce the Norman Con- quell, ellahlilhed a certain iWMilfl'd for in * thi& of'ENGL AND. this manner: Twenty' four Grains made one rem curling, 2oPenny weight one 0/««,and •- 12 Ounces, or ,66oGrairis made ling, confining of-20 Shillings. oices, II Ouncesuvopenny weightj ivas to be of fine Silver, and the weight of i8 ■ Penny Jterliig in allay the Minterdidadd ; So ; tliat anciently a pound ^iet%.was a pound ■ Tray weight, whereas now a pound Sterling li - butthe third partofa pound rrcy,-and am- tie more than the fourth pavt of ^fhe Money of W wasabaTed and falfifi-- ed for a long time, till Queen i" - year i56o.toHersreatpraire.called mall fuel! Money; fince which time, no bafe Money hath beencoyned inEngUnd, but only of pureGoM ■■ and Silver, calledsierta^ Money; only oFlatter • time, in relation to the neceffity of the Poor, , and exchange of great Money, a fmall pieceof coner, called a-Parthhg or fourtn part of a Pe^my, hath been permitted to becoyned, buu no man enforced to receive them in pay for-Rent - or Debt; which cannot be affirmed of by any ■ other State or Nation in the Chrilfian World inall’wbich, there are fevcral forts ofCoffer-"- Money as currant with them for any-payment, - as.thepureftGo/iioryi/wri . No Moneys in any Mint are'made of pure S/ 7 - ver. becaufe silver in its purity; is almod as AexibMsLed-, and thereforenot.foufeful, as when hardned with Wfftr, . ^ Goldminted pure, would alfo be too to/. L,. . and therefore is in all Mints allayed with feme coffer ;• and molt Mints differmmore or lels. ^ In tlie timeof the afore-named King the Krlt,the Coyns were only 4 Pence,Peme^ 12 2 Pence, i Penny, the Half- Penny,and the Far- • thing, allofSilver. The pound weight Ttoy of Silver, fince the- Reign of Queen Efeaic/jl', hath been cut at 62 Shillings, and the feveral Silver Coyns now cur¬ rant in are the Crown, or Five Shil¬ lings, which is almoll the Ounce Trojithen Half- Crowns,Shillings,Six Pence,Four Peiice,Three ■ Fence, Two I’ence,-. andOne Penny. For the Coynage, there was, allowed Two Shillings in the pound Troy of Silver, fo that the Merchant who brought in the Bulli- ■ on, received only 60 Shillings for each pound Troy,which made the Ounce to be juii Five Shil- ■ . , lings: ButbyanAfl: of Parliament 166-5. For encouragement of Coynage,the charge of Coy- sage was defrayed byanlmpoStion on Brandy, and nothing payable by the bringerin of the Bullion, fo that the Mercliant received 62: Shillings for every pound Trey of Bullion. The pound weight,or 12 Ounces Trey of Gold,, js-divided into 24 parts, which are called Car- rats,fo that eachCarrat is so penny weight Trsy, or half an Ounce, and this Carrat is dituded in- ■ to four parts, which arecalled Garrat Grains; fo that the Carrat Grain is two penny weight and an half, or lixty ordinary Grains, and the Carrat Grain is divided into divers parts. The. Standard of Crown Gold is 22 Carrats of fine Gold, andhvoCarratS'Of Allay in the pound- weight Troy. The Allay of fome Gold coyns is • all Silver, asthe G«Mey Gold, and fome all Cop¬ per, whicli renders the Gold coyns, fome more white, fome mo re yellow. In E)gla>id at prefent the pound weight Troy- of Gold is cut into 44 parts and an half, each partis to pafs for-Twenty Shillings,and the half part for TenShillings; there are alfo coyned- fome r ENGL AND. fbme pieces of Forty Shillings,and foitie of One, hundred Shillings, which hold proportionably . ill weight andfineneft, tothe ■1 wenty Shilling piece. TheE)ig//> Gold was coyned at'44h ioj. the pound Tro), whereofFifteen Shillings were taken by theKing for his Seignorage and charge ofCoynage; and the Merchant for a pound of Gold received but 45 l.i^s. whereas he receired by the faid Ait of Parliament 44 ^°rheStitidario^SterH'^gSiher m ZngUni is" Bhven Ounces, and Two Penn]i weight of fine Sil¬ ver, Tind Eighteen Penny weight of Allay of Cop per out of the Fire, and fo proportionably; fo that 12 Ounces of pure Silver, without any Al¬ lay is worth 3J. 4 f. 6d. and an Ounce is worth'' 5 s. 4 it. I ob. but with Allay is worth but 3 7 ,, and the Ounce-51.- ' , „ The Sfnnijh.Pnmkini FJemiln Gold is almolt' of equal finenefs with the Engli'lh. r\\eSr: 0 ) Silver Money hath lefs of Allay. tfiznthe french or Viitch. The Moneyers divide the pound weight into :• 12'OuBces Troy, f Ounce ■ "J r 20 Fenny weight. ■ \ Penny weight / \ 24 Greins. iGraw SintO<'^^^“"- d \ Mite f ^ S24 Drones.^ / jVmte- \ 1 10 Petits. '[ i Petit. ■ J Kit^BUnks. The proportion of Gold to SilverinAr^/itxif, is as I to 14; and about one third; that is to- fay, one Ounce of Gold is worth in Silver 14 Ounces, and about one third, or 3 7 .144. 2 d. Of SngUfb Money. ' 'tbattbeExgliJhCoyn may want neither the .•■ furitymr weight required, it was moft wifely ' and carefully provided,that once every year,the -• chief officers of the Mint fhould appear before the lords of tbs council in the Star-Clumber at Weftmittfler, with fome pieces of all forts of Mo-- neycoyned the fore-going year: taken at ad- ventureoutof theiJ^wj, andkept underfeve- - ral Locks by feveral perfons, till that appear¬ ance, andthenbyaJ;iryof24 abIeGsW/«2;if, . in the prefence of the faid Lords, every Piece - ismoll exaflly elTayed and. weighed. Since the Happy Rellauration of His Majefiy ; nowReigning.theGoyningorStampingofMo*. ■ neyby Hammers, hath been laid afide, and all ^ Stamp’d by a Mill or Screw; whereby it comes ■ topafs, thatour cojnsfor nemefs, grscefulnefs-,- . zndfeairityftomcousterfemng, dofurpafsall the molt excellent Coyns, .not only of the F^omns, ■. but of all the Modern Nations of the World. 'freights For Weights and Aff/?/i(r«atprefent nfed in ■ tni Mei- Engliind, there are very many excellent Statutes ; fuses. . and Ordinances, and abundance of care taken byourAnceliors, to prevent all cheating: and deceit therein By the 27 th Chapter of Msgnu Chma, the weights and Meafures ought to be the fame over n]\ England, and thofe to be according to the ■ Kings Standards of and AfM/Hrer, kept - in the Exchequer by a fpecial Officer of His ■ mife, called the C/er^ or Cmptrol/er. of the. Market. 'I Of Weights there,- are two forts u fed at pre- ■ ■ lentthroughoutall^jgtod, viz. Trey, weight,, znd AvoirduFoit. Inrr57w«^i{,24Grainsof Wheat make a fenny Weight.Steibng,20 Penny .Weisht make an .Ome, 12 Ounces , make a - found,.-, 0f' ERGEand:. Pomi, fo there are 480 Grains in the Ounce, ^MW, Cold, Silver, corn and Grain v and thisweightthe^Mfea- r/eidoor ought to ufe, though bynther Diri- fionsand Denominations, their lead Meafureis-. a,Grain- In- Tray Weight- 20 Grains ^ Ca Scruple, l-rd C 3..:Scrupks (i4 Ja. Drachm, 8 -Drachms v- g jan Ounce, ^ 1-2 Ounces Ca.Pound, J ""C® Avoirdu ?c».hath 16 Ounces to the Pound, but then the Ounce Avoir du Poitis lighter tlian ■ the Ounce Troy by-42 Gr ains in'48o,t^t is near : a-iathpart; fothatthe Avoir dnP o/j contain- ethbut438Grains,.and'isaS73to8o-, thatis,, 73 Ounces Troy is as much as 80 Ounces Avoir da-Poii, and 60 Pound^wA:dw Pw isequa}to 73 pounds Tn)>-,and.i 40 uncesrr 5 yandahalt 5 . and the tenth- part of a Troy Ounce, makes-io ■ Omas Avoir kPoir. In Avoir du Peh insight i6^Drachm5') t an Ounce, 16 Ounces / ) aPound. 28 Pound >make< a Quarter. 4-Quarters \ / a Hundred, soHundredii) I aOmn, ’Miijum, By this weight are weighed in EnsUni ali rtra- - ceumre FUp, BHUef. CkefefZ, lmp tAw, Wux Led, J-rw/.aJroallthinls whereofcomes wafte; and therefore 112 pound Avon-dti pu IS called a Hundred weight and <6 P0undhalfahundred, and 28 poundStl? ' psistr- then the Emy whemn loaf is by Stafute to weigh II Ounces rro)., and Three.H^/f.pL®. Pjmy loaf to weigh i^Troy Ounces, and two 3s inother Countries,'. '”3 Fnny weighl and ZgTZZSSI. 7,"Ou"^'Xi“L/2rbu^ no standard, nor doth the .MagiHrate .allow. ¥^^d'‘'^‘^AppUcatmu, or Jpp]U in enStake^ff''^'^'?"’ whereoftlKe in length make a fingers breadth or Inch a and a half make a cubit, 2 Cubin a rari 1 rurd ^ ™2kes a Get m ricalFace, 6 Foot a Faihora, 16 Foot andi m ferrimafcean Em- hfh Mile-, which according to the Statute nf .hatIS 2So Foot more than the Italian Mile- io Miles, moreexa_%6c,&./p and a half cf ENGLAND. Jalf make a Degree., and 360 Degrees,or 2^020 Miles compafs the whole Globe of the Earth. For meafuring of Land in EoglMd.iO Perch in length, and 4 in breadth, make an /dcre of Land, ffo called from the Germmvi.orA Ater,and that from the Latine word Jger) 30 .^cres ordinarily make a nri-Ltml and One hundred Acres are accounted an Bide of Land ; but in this-, and al- fo in Ibme Weights and Meafures, the_cu> Horn of the place is otherwife, which molt be- regarded. In Frmce about Farit 12 Irishes make a Foot, 22 Foot make a Perch, and'ioO^Per'ch’ef mak& anArpent. . , ! 'MenjuritKece^tmU,or the Receptive Meafures,, are two-fold ; firll, of Zzjii/di or things; fecondly, of Dry. things. About a pound Avoir dufoitmAeiftie ordi¬ nary fmalleit t^ecefifuemeafure, called a Pint, 2 Pints make a ^art ,2 ^ms a Pottle, 2 Potties a Gallon, % Gallonsz Piriinof Jle, ^CuchFiriins- mzkeziQlderhin, Ztti2^Iderkins, or32Gal-' /(wrmake z Barrel of jdle, 9 Gallons z Pitkin of Beer,2 fuch Firkins,ox 18 Gallons, make.a Ifilder- kjn, 2 fuch iQlderkins, or ^6 Gallons, make a Barrelo(Beer, iS/Hrelandahalf. ov^^Gallons' mzV.e zBogjhead, 2 Hogfieads mke-z Pipe or £aK,and 2 Pipfi a Th«, confiding of 1728 Pints or Pounds-, z Barrel of Butter or Soap is riiefamd ■' with a Barrel of Ale. TheEnglilb Wine Meafures are fmaller than ■' thofeof y 4 /eandBee/, and hold proportion as 4 to 5 ; fo that 4 Gallons of ^eer -Meafure are 5 Gallons of (r;»eMeafure, and each Gallon of Winch 8pounds Troy weight. OE-thefe Gal¬ lons, a Rundlet of Wine holds 18, half a Hog,-- fliead. iS 'mje pjefent §,tate ftead 31 Gallons and a half, a Tierce of Wine V- ® Gallons,a Hoglhead 63 Gallons,a Piin- chion 84 Gallons, a Pipe or But holds 126, and a Tun 252 Gallons, or 2016 Pints. - J things,as Cm or Gram,there ishrlttheGallon,which is bigger than the Wine Gallon, and lefsthan the Ale or Beer Gallon. - and IS in proportion to them as 3 3 to 2 8 and 3 <, and IS counted eight pounds Troy weight. Two of thefe Gallons make a Peck, four Pecks a Bu- jhel, four Bulhels the Comb or Curnock, two Curnocks make a Quarter, and ten Quarters a xait or Wey,'which contains 5120 Pints, land aboutfo many Pounds; fo that in a Garifon of 5 oooMen, allowing each but a pound of Bread frrta, they will confume near alafl, or 80 ^ftels ey«y day; and 2^0 Men in a Ship of War, will drink a Tun of Beer in two days, al- losving each Man but his Pottle per diem. Cforefo throughout all and all puB- lick Edifices, are generally of Je/id stone, co-- vered withzea 4 ; Cathedral and Collegiate--' whereample and magnificent; ■ Market-Towns and Opu- lent Villages fpacious and folid enough,beauti-- in Cities, that were herptnfnrp 1,0,0 n., UJ o«ieuri//e; tneKoomswithin, formerly Wainfcotted,_are now hung with Tapiliry, or c her convenient Stufi, and all Cieled with Wa/Anexcellentagainfttherageoffire,againtt aS^noffe,^"'^ the palTage of all dulf B r '’=t more aislit, and of lefs continuance than the Ancient The Bf ENGLAND. 15 TheHoufes of the Nobles and Rich are abun¬ dantly furnilhed with Pewter, mfs.^e Lknen, and Pkte .-The mean Mechanicks and ordinary Husbandmen want not Silver Spoons, or fome Silver Cups in their Houfes. The Windows every where glazed,not made of Paper or mod, as isufually in Italy or Spain. Chimneys in moll places, no Stoves, although the far more Southern parts of Germany can hardly fubfift in the Winter without them. CHAP. II. &f the hhahifmts, aifd therein of their Ldtv^Religion,Manners,and Pmijhmnts : Of their Number^ Language, Stature, Diet, Jttire, Recre.airfo^s , Jtfad Sir- nams: Oftheir Computation and manner of Numbring. E Nglani hath been poflefs’d by five feveral Inhahi- Nations, and coveted by many more, and tans, no wonder fo fair and rich aZady fhould have many Zouerr, it being aCountry (as was faid of the Tree in the midll of Paradipe) good for food, pleafanttothe eyes, and to he defired. Where¬ as the- High-lands of Scotland, Wales, Bifcay, Switzerland, and other like Countries, continue ftillinthe pofleffionof their Morigines, of the. firft that laid claim to them, none fince judging itworth ..their, pains to difpoflefs them. Ths Hlje 53’ffent ^tate The firft Inhabitants in Efigknd are believed to be the Britahs, dercended from the Gauls, whole Language was once almolf the rame;fub- diied afterwards by the B^mxns, who, by reafon of their troubles nearer home, were conllrain- ed to abandon this-Country, about4oo years after Chrijl-, whereupon the PiSs, Inhabitants of Scotland, invading the Kritahs, they call to their aid the JrfxWjWho chafing away the Pills, foonraadethemfelves matters of the Britahs-, but thefe not able to endure the heavy yoke of the Saxons, after many Battels and Attempts to recover theirM Lib’ertrcs and Countrv,reti- red, or were'driven, fomeofthe'm.intofir/'ww in Frame, from whence feme.think, they firft came, ■ butmott-of them'into the two iitmoft ffe^M.-barren and Mouri.tainous;parts .of this -Gpuntry,-, called .after,wards by theS^car, tra- miand, MeM 6 rGMiJhkilkx. mfis Germans imcaWIUli, miijlilaiid; becaufe inhabited by th^ri[aIpiiif Gduls-,und the. Frsnch call our Coun¬ try of Britaim, le Pais de Gales. The Saxons folejy-poflefs’d ofall the beft parts offtis/yie, wereforalongti.me.infefted, and for fome time almoft fubdued by the.Danes, and .afterwards.wholly.by theiATomw, .who clrove not QUtthe.JaxMj.but mixed with them,fo that the Englijl, Blood atIthis'dHyjXa mixture chieffy oFMrmanand Saxon, notwithouta »»I?«reof Zianiji, Eomijh, and BritijliBhod. The £)g/;/i,according to feveral matters and parts of the Kingdom, are governed by feveral laws, viz- Common-Liw, Stamte-zdtv,..Civil- Zaro, Canon-Zdw , Forefl-Zaro, and Martial- Zaw ; befides particular C ulloms and By-Znros: Of all which in brief, intending in a Treatife ^at£to fpeakmore largely of them in the par- .ticula?. 0f ENGLAND. zi tlcubr Government of Engknd, EcclefinflqHe, civil and Miliury, together with all the Courts and Officers thereunto belonging. The cor/itssK-l.nro of ETtgUni is the Common co»i»wa” CuDoms of the Kingdom,which have by'length xaw. oftime obtained the force of ims: It is called lex non fcripu,(not but that we have them writ¬ ten in the old Nonm Dixled, which being no ' where vulgarly ufed, varies no more than the Latine) but becaiife it cannot be made by Char¬ ter, or Parliament, forthofe are always mat¬ ters of Record., whereas Culloms are only mat¬ ters of Faff, and are no where but in the memory of the People-, and of all Laws mull be the beft for the 'Englilli: for the Written La'Tvs made in Engknd byKings or Privy-Councils,as miently, or by Parliament?, mot Utter times, areimpo- fedupon theSubjeft before any probation or. trial, whether they ate beneficial to the Nati¬ on, or agreeable to the nature of the People; . but Culloms bind not the People till they have been tried and approved time out of mind; du¬ ring which time no inconvenience ari'firtg to hinder,thore Culloms became Laws; and there¬ fore when our Parliaments have altered any Fundamental Points of our Common-Law, (as fometimeshath been done) thofe alterations have been by experience found fo inconvenient, that the fame Law by fucceeding Parliaments hath foon been rellored. This Common-Law is the C^inteflTence of the Cullomary Law of the itfercMw,prevailing before the Conqueft in the middle Countries of znghnd, called the King¬ dom of/Vfer«a,and of the Sixons among theWell and South parts,’ and of theiJaner amongll the Angles, all firll reduced into one body by King Edward the Elder, about the year 90b; j&tate which for (bme time almoifloff, were revived by the good King Edmrd tlie Confeflbr, and by Poftcrity named his Laws. To thefe the Con¬ queror added fome of die good Culioms of iVar- mndy, and then liis Succelibr King Edward the Firft laying in his younger years given himfelf fatisfattion m the gloiy of Arms, bent himfelf (like another endow his Elhte with divers notable Fundamental Laws, ever fince praftifed in this Nation, The excellent con ve- niency and connaturalnefs of the Common Law of E^land to tlie temper ofEig/ifi Men,is fuch, ■ that the lenous conlideration thereof induced King farntj- in a folenin Speech to prefer it as to this Nation, before the Law of Mofcs. ■\Vhere the Common-Law is filent, there we haveexcellent Statute-Laws, made by the feve- ral lungsof Ers;land, by and with the Advice and Confentofall theLonls Spiritualand Tem¬ poral,and with the Conlentofali the Commons ofExj^Iand, by their Rein efentatives in Parlia¬ ment, wheremitother(!(;;iJ!)ealilyfubmit, as made at their own earneft delire and requeft. _ Where Comwanand take no Co"-- nizance, ule is madeoftliat Law ofLaws call^i the Chil-Lam ; wherein is to be had what all the W ifelf and Nobleft Men of the moll flourilh- ing and puillant State that ever was in the World,could in the fpace ofmany Jmndred years by their own Wifdom or Reafon devife,or from any other people learn-.fo that this Law mav be looktonas the Producl of the Common Reafon of all Mankind, and fitted forthelnterell and \\ elRirenotofone Nation only, but contem- platingand taking care for the general affairs Of all People. Of tliis Law ufeismade in all Eo' cleCaftical of ENGLAND.' cJefiaflical Courts of Bifliops, Archdeacons,Vi- cars-General, Chancellors, and Commiflaries, when-evcr'Cognizancs is taken of Wills and Tel}aments,ofTythes, Oblations,Mortuaries, of Matrimony, Divorce, Adultery, Inceft, For¬ nication, Challity attempted; of Sacred Or¬ ders, Inllitutions to Chiitck-Livings, Celebra¬ tion of Divine Offices, Reparation of Chur¬ ches, Dilapidations, Procurations; ofHere- lie, Apollafie, Atheifm, Schifna, Simony, Bla(- phemy, ttV. So of this Law is made ufe in the Court of Admiralty, in all affairs immediately relating to the Royal Fleets, to all other Vef- felsof Trade, and to their Owners, to Mari¬ ners, to Commanders at Sea, toReprifals, to Pyracies,to Merchants Affairs, to all Contrafts made at Sea or beyond Sea, in the way of Ma¬ rine Trade and Commerce;to all matters touch¬ ing Wrecks, Flotfm, L-igM, Marine Waifs, Deodands, &c. Moreover, ufe is made of the Civil Law in the Court of the Earl Mar- fhal,taking Cognizance of Crimes perpetrated outof£»g/.!»d, of Contraflsmade in Foreign parts; of Affairs of War within and without nrghd', of Controveriies about Nobility and Gentry, or bearing of Coats of Arms; of Pre¬ cedency, cS’c. Of this Law much ufs is made in Treaties with Foreign Potentates, where many iwints are to be determined and conclu¬ ded,’ according to the direftion of this moll excellent and general approved Law: and for this caiife Foreign Princes take eftiecial care ta chufe fuch perfons for their Ambafladors as are skilled in the Civil Law; and this policy was heretofore duly obferved by our E:;glijh Prin¬ ces with very' good fuccefs. lallly-, the two Univerfities of EigUdCct-ve themfelves of the Civil Law; for by their Priviledges no Student is 2$ 2Cl)e |3?efent ^tate is to be fuedat common-Lira, but in the Vice- Chancellors Courts for Debts, Accounts, Inju¬ ries, ' 'Cmn- The Canons of many Ancient General Coun- Im. cils.ofmany National and Provincial Englifii Synods, befides divers Decrees of the Bilhops of Mome, and Judgments of Ancient Fathers,had been received by the Church of England, and incorporated into the Body of theCa non-Law: by which ibe did ever proceed in the.exercifeof her Jurifdiftion, and doth Ifrll by veitue of the Statute 2< H. 8. Ib ftr as the faid Canons and Conllitutions are not repugnant to the Holy Scripture,to theK-ingsPrerogative,or the Laws,- Statutes and Cuftoms of this Realm, and thofe are called the Kings Ecclefialtical Laws, which have feveral proceedings,and feveral ends from the TemporalLaws, thefe inflicting punilhment upon the BodVjLands and Goods, and topunilh the outward Man; but thofe pro faliue, tnimx, to reward the inward Man;both joyning in this, to have the whole Mail outwardly and inwardly reformed. Fore/l- ■ peculiar Laws,different , ' from the Common Law of England, . Forefis in are exceeding ancient; and before the making of Cfertade fstey?,I, Offences com¬ mitted therein,were punilbed at the pleafure of the King, in fo (harp and grievous a manner,(as Kill in Germany) that both Nobles and Commons did fu.ier many horrible inconveniences and op- prelfions y and even in that Charter, were feme hard Articles, which the Clemency of gracious Kings have dnee by Statute thought fit to alter per ytjfifu Forejlx. Yet in the time of EiwarA tte Third, and alfo at this day, folrntnstepm- 5 0fENGLA>^D. 2S ; limtpsfuito-, fothatifa Man be taken hunt- i ing a Deir, he may be arrelted as if he ha 4 -ta- I ken a Deer. The Forefter may take and arrelt j a Man, if he be taken either at Dog-draw,Stable^ [] flind, Bac^-bear, or Bloudy-lmd ; for in thofe four a Man is faid to be taken with the manner, ^ I though three of them may be but prefumptions. lex cajlre'njis Anglicam, is that Law that de- pendeth upon the Kings Will and Pleafure, or Xaw. his Lieutenant, in time of adlual War; for al¬ though in time of peace, the King, for the more equal temper of Laws torvards all his Subjedls, makes no Laws but by the confent of the three Ellates in Parliament: yet in times of War, by reafon ofgreat dangers arifing fuddenly and un- expefledly upon fmall occaRons,- heufeth abfo- lute Power, infomuch ashisword goethfora Law. Martial Law extends only to Souldiers and Mariners, and is not to be praftifed in ■ times of Peace, but only in times of War, and ■ then and there where the King’s Army is on foot. T 5 y the Kings Royal Charter granted to di- BecuHir i vers Cities of Eitgknd, theMagillrates have a ^ad By- , power tomakefiich Laws as may be beneficial laws. I for the Citizens, and not repugnant to the 1 Lawsof the land; and thefe are binding on¬ ly to the Inhabitants of the place; unlefs fuch Laws are for general good, oragainit a gene¬ ral inconvenience; for then they bind ftran- Becaufe Humane Laws can promote no other Be'mon. ■good, nor prevent any other evil, but what is I open to publick cognizance, it is verynecefla- iry for the fociety of Mankind, and it is the C ' great i:t)e 5B?£f£nt ^tate tlie great Wifdom of God fo to ordain,Thathy Religion a Tribunal fhould be ercdled in every Mans Soul, to make him efcliew evil and do good, when no humane Law can take notice of either. Ofall Religions in the World, anciently on¬ ly the Jewf worlhipt the true God, in the tiue manner. The Jem Religion, in procefs of time, by Traditions and Superllitions much corrupted, was partly abrogated, and the reil reformed, refined, and fublimatcd by our Saviour Chrill, and lince called Tk Chtijlian J^eligion ; which was Planted in EngUnd, Temporeut (faith Gildti^fummo TiberiiCsfitri!, which by compu¬ tation, will fall to be five years before St. Peter came to J^me, and about five years after the death of Chrifi. It is alfo affirmed by Ancient and Modern grave Authprsexprefly,that in the twelfth year of theEmperour Afcre, St. Peter preached here, Baptized many, and ordained Bilhops, Priefts, and Deacons: That immediately after St. ffe- phen’s death, and ,the Jem difperfion, ^ofepb of Atimitkii, with twelve others, here Preach’d anddied: Thatthe firllFabrickofaChrillian Church or Temple, in all the World, was at Gkjloibury m.’tomerfeifitire, till rty one years af¬ ter Chrill’sdeath, and that St. Pan/was per¬ mitted to preach here, befure he was fuffered fo to do at Afterwards,180, the Chrifiian Faith was here profelTedbypublick Authority under King liiriui, the firtt ChriHian King in the World, and with Chriftianity no doubt, came in the Epifcopal Government, as may be feen in the Catalogue of Kriti^ Bilhops; and it is certain, that at the Council of Arks, Aiitioii,p, there were three MtijS Archbilhops, 27 of ENGLAND. viz. 0?London,Tor^zxiietterUon, whereoftlie firfthadforhis Province under him, theSouib-, the fecond, all the North-, and the third, all beyond Ssvsni, or the rrey? part ofthisifland, afore-mentioned. Under thefe three Archbi- fhops, there were reckoned about that age, tiventy eight Bilhops, ail which did obferve the Cuftoms and Orders of the Gree^ or Eifiera Churches, and particularly that of Eaflet, dif¬ ferent from thsLitine cuftonr, or We/iern ChurJ ches; nor did they acknowledge J^oms to be the Mother-Church of the Bma»«(:;^-Church. Eritjin wzs then a Patriarchal Jurifdiilion in fubllance, though perhaps not in name, andfo continued, untilaboiittheyear^pd, fvhen^u- flin the Monk, affilied by the fraud of forty other Monks, and by the power of the then Heathen jdnglo-Saxons (who had long before driven the Bricoins into mies ) conftrained the Jmi/b Bilhops to fuhmit themfelves to the Bi- fliopofi^ffle,^after which, by the convenience or condefcenfions of the fiicceflive Saxon and Nornm Kings, this Church was in fome things fubjefted to the Bilhop of ^ome, as its Patri¬ arch or Primate; until Heary the Eighth, by hisRoyal Authority, ("ashe and all other Kings might remove their Chancellors or other Offi¬ cers, and difpofe of their Offices to others) did remove the Primacy, or Metropolitanlhip from the See of-d^ome to the See of canterbury ; as being far more agreeable to civil Policy and Prudence,that fuch a high Power fliould be pla¬ ced rather in a Subjeft of our own Nation, than in a Soveraign Prince, (for fo is the Pope over feveral Territories in Aaiy) and he far remote beyond the Seas; which ejediion of the Popes Authoritywas not done, as in other Nations, by popular Fury arid; Faction, but by the ma- S 2 ture Z\]t ^tate .t-ure deliberate- Cwinrel of,Godly aad Learned Divines Afiembled in Convocation.wifh the ex-, prels Authority of the King, and latifed by the. Three States ia Parliament. ■The minds of Chriftians thus deliver¬ ed from the Spiritual Tyranny of theBilhop. of some, and the Dignity o? Evgli^i Kings from, ■the Spiritual flave'ry under him;; the King, and Clergy took this occafion to reform the marry abufes and errors crept into the,Church, .in length of time,by the great negligence and cor¬ ruption of Governours; wherein the wifdom .■of the Erglip Reformers, is to be admired to . all Poilerity, which is briefly thus: ■ FirR, care was taken, lell that (as it bft hap¬ pens in indifereet Purges, and where-everonly the People hath been the Reformer ) the good fliould be taken away with the bad i care was taken to retain all that could lawfully and con¬ veniently be retained in the J^uii/h Liturgy or Mafs-Book, intheirCeremonialand Canons; to take out all the Gold, and to leave only the Drofs; and this according to the example ofour Lord and Saviour ^efmchrijl, who, in his Re¬ formation of the fewiJI) Religion,that the fervs mightbe lefs offended, and more eafily won, thought fit to retain divers old Elements; as, their :rajl>i>t£s, he converted into the Sacrament of and fo their cullom of Bread and W'ke inthek rafover, he turned into, the other Chri- iWm Sacramtnt, Cfc. In a word, itwasrefol- ved, not to feparate farther from the Church ©fi/orae in Dodtrine or Difeipliae, than that Church had feparated froth what fhe.was in her piireft times. For Dodtrine, they embraced that excellent Counfcl of the Prophet, stats foper 29 Cf ,E N;G‘ L',AN D. vidste qti^im fi vh, rsSs, (Sumkildtemei-, they inade.a ttancl, and took a viewof-the pureft Primitiv-e Chrittian times, and thencefaw whicli wasklie right way, and followed that.’ For:the: Dircipline of this Re¬ formed .'Clinrclij'. they .coiifidered what it was in the pureft times :of the ficfl: good Chrilfian Emperours; for the times of perfecution (be-' fore Temporal Princes embraced the Chri- ftian Faith ) as they! were moft excellenttimcs for Dodteine- and . fanners; .fo;Very improiiec and unfit for a /Patern o'r Exarrtpleof outward GovernmeataHd-Policy.' .’ 'And had this Jiiftice, Prudence,: and Divhie’Policydbeen ufed in our Nei'ghboufing.Reforrned: Churthes, doubtlefS they:hac! feed a far more plentiful- Harvell. The Doflrine of the Church of Engtatid is cont'a'ined in exprefs words of the Holy Scrip¬ ture, im the 39 Articles,: andthe'Bookof 'Ho- nifliesi' • ’ . • The-Worfhip-and Difcipline is feen in the Liturgy and Book of Canons; by all which, it will appear to impartial Forein Eyes, that the Church of England may warrantably be faidtobethemoftexaft, and perfe{S Patern, of all the Reformed Churches in: the World ; and whofoever (hall be fo happy as to be a true Son of that Church, muft confefs that- it is the moft irtcorrupt, Humble, Innocent, Learned, the moft-Primitive, moll Decent,. and Regular Church in Cliriftendom; That her Dodlrine is built upon the Prophets ahth Apoftles, 'accordin,g to the Explication of the ancient-Fathers; The Government-truly” Apoftolicali'and in all effential parts thereof ofOivinelnllithtion y The Liturgy, an cxtraCi of the bed Primitive Forms ; the Ceremonies few, but neceffary, anti fuch as tend only to decency, and increafe of Piety; Thatlhe holds the whole truly Catholick Foundation accord¬ ing to the Scripture, and the four firft general , Councils; That Ihe adheres clofely to Tradition truly Univerfal; that is, doth willingly receive, eminh omnibus, mmi ubliue, quoi fcmper recep- mmfuit ; which is the old Rule of Catholicifm-; fo that none can fay more truly with I'ertuS'm, than the Englijh, Jn e£ rspja-medimus qum Ecckruub JpoMis, Apoftolia.Chriflo, chrifitts a Deo accepit. Search all the Religions in the World, nonewillbe foundmote confonant to God’s Word, for Doflrine, nor to the Primi¬ tive example, for Government; Nonewillbe found that afcribes more to God, or that con- llitiites more firm Charity amongll Men; None will be found fo excellent, not only in the Com¬ munity, as Chrillians, bat alfo in the: fpecial Notion, as Reformed; for it keepeth the mid¬ dle way, between the pomp of Superftitious Tyranny, and the meannefs of Fanatick Anar¬ chy. SothatifthatMan’sconceitwere putin praftice, that would have every Wife Man to have two Religions, the one a piiblick for con- formity to the Government, and the other , a private to be referved in his own bread, douht- lefs all well confidering Men would choofe for their private Religion, that of the Church or Exglnd, if they were once well acquainted with it In two Points, the Church of Ettglnnd is tru¬ ly tranfcendent: Firlf, ft hath the grand Mjrk of the true Church, which moll Biropen Chur¬ ches feemto want.and'that is,Cliarity towards ocher Churches; for it doth not fo engrofs Hea¬ ven to.its o.wn Profeflbrs,. as to- damnallothers- ef ENGLAND, to Hell. Secondly, It Is the great Glory of the fwfflProtelbnt Church, that it never refill¬ ed Authority, nor engaged in Rebellion j a. nraife, that makes much to her advantage, m the minds of all thofe who have read or heard of the difraal and devililh effefls of the Holy League in France, byPapiils; oftheHoly Co¬ venant in ScottoJ, by Puritans-, and ofthe late Solemn-League and COVEN-ANTinJigtedi by Presbyterians. As for the fcandal begotten by the late Trou¬ bles, and Murder of the late King, which fume ofthe J^mifh eiideavour to throw upon the Fnj- Wb Religion; it is fufficiently known, that not one Perfon that was a known Favourer, and Praftiferofthat Religion by Law ellablilh'd in En^lMd. was either a Beginner or adlive Profe- cutorof that Rebellion, or any way an Abet¬ tor of that horrid Murther; for that our Reli¬ gion neither gives fuch Rules, nor ever did fet fuch examples; nor indeed can that be truly, •faid to be an Aft, either of the Parliament or People of butonlyof a. ftwwretched Mifcreants, Sons of Belial, that had no fear of God before their eyes. About theyearifia^,-or if3<5, the Church • ofEmknd, as well as the State, feemed tobe inherfull Stature of Glory, fliining in Tran- fcendent Emperial Luftre and Purity of Evan¬ gelical Truth; Her Religious Performances,, her holy OfFces, - ordered and regulated agree- • ably to Che expedient of fuch Sacred Aflions.t Her DiRipline Models, fuitable to the Apollo- ■ liquc.Form; the Set and Suit of her Holy Tribe renowned for Piety and Learning; and thefe all in tb .Super-eminent a-degree, that. noChurch iElje IpjcCcnt gytate on this fide the Apoltolick can hnrdlj', or ever could compare with her in any one. And in thisfelicitylhe might probably have continued, had (lie not been diflarbed by a Generation of Hypocritical, or at kail blind Zealots; whofe PredecelTors in Qireen Elizjheth's time began to oppofe that excellent begun Reformation, andtfcento contrive the alteration of Govern¬ ment ; beginning firfi very low at Caps and Hoods, Surplices, and Epifcopal Habits; but thefe flew higher, proceeding at length to tlie height of all Impiety, fiibvcrted even Liturgy, Epifcopacy, and Monarchy it felf; all which our mod Gracious King, upon his Redauration, hath mod Wifely and Pioufly redored, after theex,imple ofthat good KingI/e.rr4ijib,2CV;MB, 2^,2,3, Since which, we are ctble to render this joyful account oftlre Religion, and Church of E>'^I.!h.I, wc. That there is nothing want¬ in' in order to Salvation; IVe have the Word of God, the Faith of the Apoflles, the Creeds of the Primitive Church, the Articles of lie Four Firfl General Councils,'a Holy Liturgy, Excellent Prayers, due Adminidration of Sa¬ craments, the Teas Commandments, theSer- mons ofCIirid, and all the Precepts and Coun- fi. Is of the Gofpel. We teach Faith and Repen- t.rnce, and the necelFtyof Good Works, and llriiSlyexadt the feverity ofa Holy Life. We live in obedience to God, rea iy to part with all for his fake; We Honour His mod Holy Name; M’e IVorlhip Kim at the mention of Flis N.rme; We confefs His Attributes; We have Places, Times, Ferfons, and Revenues, conlu'ratedand let apart for the Service ami Worlhipofour Great God, C.-eator of Hea¬ ven and Earth; We honour His Vicegerent the King, holding it damnable to uie any other , dl’eapcns ef ENGLAND. , Weapons againft him or his. Army .hut Prayers, and Tears: we hold acharitab'lerefpeit toward’ all Chrillians: Weconrefsour Sins to.God,and toourBrechrenj whom vve have oJende.l, and^ to God's Minillers the Prielts.in cafes oPa fcan-f dal, or o.'" 3 troubled Confcience; and they, dii* ly'abfolve the penitent Soul. We have an un¬ interrupted fucceflion of Reverendj learned and Pious EiHiops, rvho ordain Prieds and Dea¬ cons, Confecrate Churches, Con.firm.the Bap. tized at a due age, Blefs the People, 'Intercerle for them, vilicioft their refpedive Diocefes, taking care of all Churchet, that they be fefved with as good and able Pallors as thefmall main- ■ lenance can invite : They defend the Chihcli- Libe; ties; confer In!l itntions, inflidl Ectle.'ialli- cal Cenfmes, difpenfe.ln certainCafes, Ketpr ■ HofpitalitjMS S,P.w/ adnionilheth; and Preach ■ asoft as.neceQityrequireth. Hodk enm nejui ■ ConnonMOrim mi oUm, xqiii i:jiJe!mnt muItimio.'hoc' Vxigere viietur : For now nei- tlier that icarcity of Preachers which was a- - niongll the Primitive Ghfiliians, nor multitude of Heathetts,which dwelt among them, doth ■ feera to'require'it ;'hut that rather ti.kegood Pilots,-wh'o.Iitting lliliat the.Helm,, !’-while othersJabour and toil at tlie' Kp'pes and Sails ) they lliduld miake it tlieir whole bufne.'s r by coididering the 'Winds and -Tides, tlie Rocks ■ and Shelves, the Seafons.and Climates) that the Ship may keep h.er right coiuie, and be faie- ly brought to herdeCred Haven;-for it hath ; been unluckily.oblerved, tharasa Shipb their in mol! danger, when the Pilot lliali . unit the 54 Even fince the buginning of our Reformationj ^ere are fome few Families in feverabparts of have perliftedin.the Religion, 3i>:l are ufually called Papillsfrom Pafa,thc bid ufual.name of the Blfhop of Konte. Againft tliefe there are divers fevere Laws Hill in force,, but their number being not conliderable, nor their. Loyalty for many years laft palt quellion- able,. thofe Laws have been more rarely put in execution, belides,.thec!emencyandgentle u- fage Ihewn to them here,begets in States and Potentates abroad, the like gentle treat- mentof their ProteiiantSiibjsdlsj.and of the £!g/;]h,living within their Dominions. Yet not* withdanding all the clemency andgentle ufage fhewnthem, fo many years,, the ingratitude, ambition, and blind zeal of fome qfthcra of late Irath been fuch, that at the iniligationof the je- fuits they have confpired traiteroullyagaihll the life of their King,and Gorerninent of the King¬ dom, for which fome.few of them have molt de- fervedlyfufi'ered. As for thofe other Perfwafions, whofe-Pro- felTors are commonly called Presbpetms, Me- fsndms, Arttbiftijis, ^iiil(i:rs,Jifib-Mmarcbi- Men, Ranters, Mamises, Amhomms, Sabba- UrhM,PerfeblmiflS, Family of Love, and the reff' ofthofe Mufliroomsof ; as molt of themfprang up fuddenly in the late unhappy mght ofconfufioni foitistobe prefumed. that' theymayinafhort time vanifh in this blelTed day of C: rderand therefore not worthy to be defcribed here asReligibns profeiredin£)g,;a»if: for, as the State of England doth accouiit them. rm other Members-than the Piidendaof the Na¬ tion,., and areafhamed ofthem-, ^lippe ubi Cie- tera. membra moventur ad-arbhrium homittif, hac. iolmm-turbidAjnordmu it e^mtu Jmt nt fra- cfrENGLAND. _ 3 itr Zcon\tiyolmmtm'CommmTi{o'ent\ fo nei¬ ther doth the Church of Englmi loo.t upon = thofe Profelibrs as Sons, but Ballards; or make an account of any other intereftrn them, than a man makesofthofe Vermin which breed outof his excrementitious fweat, or- thofe Jfcames . which come fometimes in his molt uncl.aniy ■ ^ Touching the-fewi, whichbythelateUfur- - per were admitted at zwioM.and fince contimi- - edbythebarepermiffionofthe.King, and lut. feredto hire a private Houfe, wherein to hold i tEar Sytugngue-, they are not confidei ableeither for Number, makingnotabove;50 or40 Fami- ■ lies, Kor for their Wealth or Abilities,being for: ■ the moll part Poor an.i Ignorant. As foine years before the late Troubles, no ! People of iinv Kingdom in the .World enjoyed more freedom from .S/aojr; and Taxer, fo gene- ■ rally, .nonewere-freer from evil tempers and humours, noKmKkvoutly l{digms, wiUmg- ly. obeiknt to the him, truly -Loul to the K'l’.?, - fovmgly hokitdbie to Ncigiboms, mbnioitjly civil:: to Strartgersy or more liberally, cluritabk to tbs : Needy ■■ . No-Kingdom could Ibew a vnore valmt prit- - dent Nobility, a mare le.traed piom CUtgy, or a -, snore contested loyal Com-mrcahy. The Men were generally h.onelfjthe Wives and r SsroMChaiieand modell. Parents loving, Cctl- - dr.en obedient,-T/Hsiaedr'kind, Maflersgentk,.,. and ferwMM faithful.'. lira word, the were then,- according i to their yat/Veic iiperi, the belt/Vif^Monrs, belt ' Friends, belt- Sublets, .and tiieMlCbri/liam in the World. Good Nature svasa thing-fo peculiar to the-; Ss 0 mw>W\ fo ap]jropriate(L-by.Almi^' Slje Pjcfeiit ^tat^. _®ocI to them, (as a Great Pecfon obfervedj that it'.cannot wll be Traiidated into another. Lan-: gtsage, or pradtifed by any other people. Amongft thefe excellent Tmters, , amongft thiS'goodly irim, whillt Men llept, the Ene¬ my came and fowed Tares •, there fprangup of inter years a fort of I’eoplejorore,•/;(&», [uffici- o.iTjijiidi'iirtxi, cenjorioas, feevijhyeiivioin, rejerved, mrewhemei,.cIoje-fij}.ed, Jelf-comited, ignmm, pmdy maVignint, fliff-necked, Childrmof Belialy . (according to the genuine lignificationof that:; wsM, which'is a lawlefs Man, one that will not-- lubmit or-conform to the Government.) ever prone to ileffifeDemimoK.tofpeaievilof.Digmies,. TSi-gain-fay Order, Rule, and jdutkority ; whohave - accounted it their Honour to contend with- }Q-igs an-.l Goverimrs, and to difquiet the Peace of iQaghras -, whom no. de/ow, no. ckraemy could ever oblige , neither Omlis or .Promifes bind, breathing, nothing, but .Jedtoa and Ca- Imrtiis againlt the ef!ablilh’dGovernmeiitjafpi- - ringwitliout meafure, rai% without reafon, ■and making their own mild facies the Square ■ apd Ruleoftheir Coxfdexces ; hating,defpiling,. ordifrefpedi:ingtherYeW%, Gesiry, andSKpe- rim Clergy, 6 'c.. Thefe lurking in all quarters of Erglad, had at length, with their peliilential breath, infedi:? ed fome of the worft Natiir’d, and worfe Nur- ■ Hir’d Cemry, dlven of the Inferiour clergy, nioif of therraiir/OT«;, andverymanyofthe Peafatt- . iry ; and prevailed fo far, as not o.nly to fpoil the bell governed State, and to mine the purefl: and moilflourilhing Onmh.ioChri/i^iidom, but alfo to corrupt the OTWi'i.f, tlie humours,-and very Mara of fo many Erglifis, that notwithlfandr ing the late happy Kellaiiration of the King and Bilhops.tlie inceflant.joynt endeavours and lliKlies of all our Governors to reduce this Peo- Bf-.SNODA'ND: 3r pie to their-jirWwe happinefs,- ■ yet no Man now living can realonably hope to fee in his time the > like bleffed clays again,- without a tranfplanta- tion of all thofe Sons of Belkl C as King • in his'Grave Teftiment to his Son did intimate/ without an utter extirpation of thofe Tares,- which yet the Clemency and Meeknefs ofthe-- Protellant Religion feems to forbid; unlefs they- ar-e fuch who believe therafelves obliged in Con- fcienceto take all opportunities, occalions and advantages to extirpate and deftroy the prefent Church-Government by Law eflablilh’d in Eng- Und, and in purfuance ofthe fame to venture ■ their Lives and Ellates, and conliantly to confw nueinthat belief all the days of their Lives; againli all oppofition.whatfoever.asthe Words - of their SOLEMN LEAGUE and COVE¬ NANT are. To fuch no Prince nor Potentate in Eiirofe will ever indulge, fo far as to fuller them to breathe the fame Air with them; Arid yetfuch is the Mercy of our Gracious King, and the Lenity of our Reverend Bifhops, and ofour two-Houfes of Parliament, thatthey thought fit hitherto not to banilh anyone perfon for en^ tring into that IMPIOUS COVENANT, not to exclude any of themfrom any office of Church or State, who have beenwilling to abjure the fame. Notwithflanding which indulgence,they lately contrived the death ofthe King, and his Royal Brother, for which divers have defer- vedly fuffiered death. The Nobility and chief Gentry of ExglM have been even by Itrangers compared to the finell Flower, but the lower fort of common ■ People to the courfc'ft'Bran; the innate good ;• nature, joyned with the liberal education and converfe with llrangers in Forein Coun¬ tries, repcler-thofe .exceeding ci'.nl,; whSreas /hewealtb, infolehce, . and pride of thefe, and the rare converfe with ftrangers, harerendrc^ ’ themfo diltaflefhl, not only to the fewStran- - gers who frequent England, but even to their own Gentry, that they could fometimes \yilli, ^ that either the Country were left plentiful, or that the Impolitionswere heavier; for.by.rea- fon of the great abundance of Flejb and Fifi, Corn, Leatl)er, moll, &C. which the; Soyl of its own bounty, with little labour, doth produce, the at their eafe, and a Imolt forgetting labour,, grow rich, and hereby fo proud, info-.- lent, andcarelefs, tliat they neither give that humble refpedl and awful reverence, which in . other Kingdoms is ufually given to Nobility, Gentry, 2.nA Clergy, noraretheyfoindulirious,, orfo skilful in MamfaBures, as forae of our Neighbour-Nations; fo that in EngUnl it is no Paradox to affirm, that as too much indigency in the inferiour fort of People doth deprefs the fpi* rits, and Mthe minds of them, !b too plentiful ■ and rtianm a fortune; caufeth in them a lazinefs and lefs kduftry ; that State commonly enjoying moll peace and order and bappimjs, where either the moderate barrennefs of the Country, or want ■ of ground, or multitude of Impojh (as in Holland) do neceffitate thecommon people to be induftri- ous in their Callings, and fo to mind theindwn,; as not to diilurb the Hate and Church affairs. Moreover, of the En 0 , efpecially of the. Peafantry.ithath been formerly and unhappily obferved.that thenit is happiefl with them,when theyare fomewhatpreffed.and in a complaining condition.according to that old RhimingVerfe,. Eujlicagens efi eptima jtm'd pejfima ri-t The EatgliJI] ^nimon People, anciently were, aad-i of ENGLAND, and attliis day arevery apt to hearken to Pro- theses, and to create rrodg/ej; and then to m- Wpretthem according to their .own extrava¬ gant conceits; to invent,and then maintain inj . the moft procligiousOpinions andTenetsinDi- vitiity : fomeofthe inferior fort of late holding abominable opinions, unworthy even of Men, and fuchas in noage was ever broacht before. The Eit 0 ) Nmioml rices were anciently Ghmwy, and the eftedts thepf Lii/OTWHMr. • (when they made four Meals in a day, and moit exce-dive Fesfihg, with great plenty ofFrencb Wine) when Women of pofegei Iticontmeticy were permitted to profer their Bodies to aH ■ Comers,in certain places called itewior Stovesj or Baikixg Vlices-, becaufe Men were wont to. biihe tl.e.nfelves there (as Hill in other Coun¬ tries ) before they addreft themfelves to Vine- ■ nui Ms. But immediately before the late l(eiel- lion, (that unhappy Fountain, from 'whence is- evidently derived whatfoever almott is now amifs in Church or State, in Court. City, or Country) no People; unlefi perhaps the High- G£rwiwr,. were more model! and chafie, more true to the Marriage-Bed, whereby w'as produ¬ ced a healthy firong Race,.fitfor all Arts and Sc.\e!\tes,..for JgrwuUure, .forTraffic^, for tfat' zndPeite,. for Navigation,.Tlmmims, &c. Another EvgUjh miotialrice was Me in . pare/, wherein they were anciently fo extrava-- gantand foolilh.fofiiperfluous and obfcenejthat cliversiwhitef before our lieformtionin Religi¬ on, zaHHomilksfioKii have been made againl! thatexcefs; and an Erglijb Man wus wont to.be piflured naked with a pair of Taylors Sheers in • his hand,,a piece of Clothunderhisarm, and.’ ' y^rfesv fes anrext, intimating that he knew not what ■ faOiion of C/wtotohave.. ' Excefs of Brnkingms anciently more rare in'- England, as-appearsbyanoIdPoet: Ejce Brhmonm ms eJiUdabilit ijls, ■ Vtbibatarbitriofocukquifiiuefuo.- The Bam in the time of King Edgar Erff brought it in, but it was afterwards baniiht lienee, fo that w'e find' no ancient Statute fince thsConqueftagainilit; for though the Statutes heretofore made againfiexcefsin Apparel and' B'jii are ancient, yet thofe againft-iJra^eaoe/j are but of late date. As the £)g//(I) returning from the Whrs imhe Holp iaad, -broughf home the'fpiil difeafe of Ze- jiw/ie, now almdlfextinft here, tliougli notyet in our Neighbouring Countries: fo in our Fa¬ thers days theEngliJh returning from the fervice in the Nethirhnds, brought with them the fouf Vice of Bruniemefs, as befides other Telfimo- nies, the term of emus, from Gar-Aiiz, M out, learntof the Hgi‘Xiji(fkthere,inthefame fervice; fo^aff; &>, ■ This Vice of late was more, though atprefent fo much,thatfom'e per- fons, and thofeofqualie/ may-rio't fafely be vi- lited in an Afternoon, -without running the ha¬ zard ofexcelfivedrinkingofryea/t/’s, (vyhereby inalhorttime- twice as much liquor is confu- med as by the Butch, who lip and prate) and in fome places-itis eiieemed a piece'ofsyit tomake •a Man drunk-, for which purpofe, folhe/w;////i? 'tnfpid Trencher Buffoon is always at hand. ' However,' it mar be trulv affitmed, that at. prefe'nt there is- generally left -fexcefs in Brbi- ■ug, (efpeeially about-'z’affdM,-fince the'ufebf fif ENGLAN-D. Ai Coffet, re«,and Chocohtte) lefs escefs in D>«f,bu£ principally in Apfurel, than heretofore; info- much, that the poor rradefman is much pincht thereby; for.as it is expedient for the benefit of the whole Cormormetltb, that divers unnecena- ry and fii'perfiuous Commodities ftiould be allow¬ ed, zsTokcco, coffee, Spices,SugirSyRdifins^ilis, Vine Liven, ffc. lb fome lefs hurtful excefles (as in Appml,Dkt,Bidldin^,l[ich Fmnitute'of Houfes, Hangings, Beds, ?Ute, ffemels. Coaches, lac- fliiej’j.&eOH'ift either be connived at, or much of all the Money of the Nation mull lie dead and imimployed, (as now it doth in the private,fiillen, difcontevted, niggardly HonconformiftshznA) and Tradermenmall either ftarve,. or be fullained by Alms. The Sin of Buggery brought into England by the lombards, as appears not only by the word Stigeria, butalfoby Pari. “jo. Ed:. 3. isnow rarely praiStifedamongft©^/!/!',although, fometimes difcovered'amongft Aliens in.£ijg- iand, and.then punilhtby.Death .vvithoutaiiy: remiflion.’' iMMy/oKJumw.fo-Qrdinarlly-in My fire fo abo¬ minable amongftfiii^/i/ii,as 21 Af.S.itwasmadc High Treafoii, though fince repealed; after, which, the punilhment for it wasto be put alive into a.Cauldron of Water,; and there boiled to. death; at prefentitis Felony witliout benefit of Clergy. Stabbing in Englandh much more feldom than in My,tits Englijh being ealily to be reconciled, to pardon and remit oSences, not apt to feek re-- venge; the true well- bred Englijh have more of inclination to goodnefs, which the Creeps called Bhilanthropia, .than other Natio.ns; the Nobi- iite, and well-bred Gentry delighting to be gra¬ cious and'CourteouS'with iirangers; compaf- '42 rimes. lE^e f jeftnt ^tate fionate te the affiidled, and gratefiil to Benefa- flors, when their Purfe or Kllate, not di verted hy other extravagant expences, will give them leave to remember them. Duelling, fo common heretofore, is now al- moft laid afide here as well as in France. The Etiglijh, according to the climate, are of 2 middle temper. The Northern Saturme, and the southern Mercurial temper meeting in their Ccnftitutions, render them ingenuous 2nA active, yet [olid and perfvering, which nourilht under a faitable liberty, infpires a conra§e^e»e«;M and lading. Their Ingenuity will not allow them to _be- excellent at the Ctet, butfubjeftin that point rather to take than give, and fuppoiing others as open hearted as themfelves, are many times in Treaties over-matcht by them, whom they over-matcht in .Arms and true ralour-, which hath been very, eminent in aH Ages, and almolt in all Lands and Seas too of the whole World. The Englilh, lince the Refommation, arefo much given to Literature, that: all forts are ge¬ nerally the mofl: knowing peop'ierin the World. Theyhave been fo much addiided to Writing, and efpecially in their own Lajiguage, and with fomuch licenfe or connivance, that according to the obfervation of a Learned Man,there have been during our late Troubles and Confulions, noregood, and more printed and pub- lilhed in the Englilh Tongue,than in all the vul¬ gar Languages in farope. For folidity of Matter, for elegancy of Style and Method in their Sermons, .comedies, Roman¬ ces ; as alfo in their Books of Divinity. Philofophy, FiyJjci, B^ory, and all other folid Learning, 43 fif ENGLAND. no Nation hath furpaffed the 3ndfew equall’d them. The £?!?/;>, ePpecially the Gentry, , are fo much given to ProdgiT//;;, Sports, and Fafttmes, that Ellates are oftner fpent and fold,, than in anvother Country. ;'They think it a piece of frugality beneath a Gentleman to bargain be¬ forehand, .or to count afterward, for what they eat. in any place, though the rate be moft un- reafonableiwhereby it comes to pafs.thatCoutr, rinttters, Im-keepers, and fuch mean Fello.\ys, enrich themfelves, andbegger and infultover tlie Gentry. In a word, by their prodigiUtytt comes to pafs, that not onl^' thole, but Tiylors, Dmi^-Mafiers, and fuch trijliiig Felloms, ar- rive'to that Riches and Pride, as to ride in their Conches, keep their Summer-houres, tobefer- ved in Plate, &c. an infplence infupportable in other well-govern’d Nations. . BecaufethefeveralPunilliraentsinfliaedror feveral crimes, are different in moft Countries; and thofeof BnglMd much different from thole ofall other Countries ; abriefaccountofthem, may probably not be unacceptable, to Foreign¬ ers efpecially. , All Crimes in EngUnd, that touch the life of a Man, are either Bigh-trenfon, Pety-Tretfon, or Felony. Although feme Bigh-Trenfons are much more heinous and odious than others, yet the puniftiment by Law is the fame for all forts (except for Coyning of Money) and that is. That the Traytor laid upon a Hurdle or Sledge, be drawn to the Gallows, there hanged bv the Neck, prefently cut down alive, his Entrails to be fuddenly pulled out of his Belly, and burnt •' before before the fare of the Criminal.then Iiis Head fo be cut off,his Body to be divided into four parts; and lalHy, that the Head and Body be hung up, ' brhnpale'd-where theKii.'g fliall command. '• Befidesall this, he'fhall forfeit alihis Lands a'nd'Gbods whatfoever,- his vvifeth'all lofe her Dower,his Children their Nobility,and all their right of inheriting him, or any other Ancelbr: Gur Law thinking it moftreafonable, that he who endeavored todeftroy the King,the Breath ofbur Ndlfrlls, and thereby to rend the Majefiy of Goyeriimeht, his B'odyi Lands, 'Goods, and Toflerity;- niouldbefeht. ’torp, anddelfroyedi • For Goyning of Mony,though adjudged High rrw/oMjthe punifliment having been onlyDraw- ing and Hanging, before the Statute-ofay it remains fo Hill. ■ Petit Treafoti, is either when a Servant killeth' his Matter or Mittrefs, dr’ a Wifekilleth her Husband.or a Clergy-man his Prelate.to whom - lieoweth obedience; and for this crime the pu^ hittiirient is to be Drawn (asbe'forej 'ancl'td be Hanged by the Neck, till he be dead. Th'epu- nilhment for a 'Woman convifled of High-Tren-- foti, or Peiit-Tregfen, is all one; and that is, to be Drawn and Burnt alive. Felonies, or all pther capital. Crimes, for which anciently there were feveral fotts of'Pu- n'ifliments.till fiet.i. ordained that the Punilh-' ments for all Felonies, fliould be to be Hanged' by the neck till they be dead. But if-a Peer of the-Realm commit Tmfoit, Fetit-Treafon, ot Felony, although his Judgment be the fame with that of common per- fons; yet the King doth ufually extend fo mnch ■ favour to fuch, as to caufe them only to be be- • headed with an Ax, upon a Block lying on the ^ ground. 45 of-E:,N G L A;N, D. , gro.iB'.d, and,np.tas.inall jote, Countries, by,. aSworcl kneeling or llanding. . .If aCcitiiinarindi£ledof Petit freifoa or Fe~ iotif,- refiifethto anfwer,orto puthimfelfupoii' ' a Legal Tryal; then for Inch llandingMute,and Contumacy,he is prefently to undergo that hor- rible punilhment, aWei Peine forie Jure that is, to- be -fenf-back:tp:-;be PtJfon frpm whence he came,: and tlipre-bpjd.tn lp,meJow dark Room, upon thebareg,round, on hisback, ajl naked belide his Privy parts, his Arpns and Legs drawn with Cords, failenedtothe feveral, quarters of the room; then Iballbe laid upon his Body, Iron and Stone, fo much as he may bear, or more: the nest day he Ihall have three Morfels of Barley Bread without Drink,and the third Day flialHiave Drink of, the .Water next to the Prifon-door, except it be Runningr Wa¬ ter without Bread; and this lliall be his Diet till. he die. Which grievous kind of Death fome flout fellows have fometimes chofen, that fo not being ttyed and convidled of their crimes, their Edates maynot be forfeited to the King, but defcend to their Children; nor their Blood ftained. ■ . But in cafe o^Bigh-Tmfon, though the Cri¬ minal ftand mute, yet Judgment (hall be given againft him, as ifhe had been conviifled, and his Eftateconfifcated. After Beheading or Hanging,the Criminal’s Priendsufually interrtheBody decently, where they pleafe ; milydf the-Crime be very enor¬ mous, as for Murdering and Robbing any per- fon, then by Order is the Criminal ufually hahg’dbvtheNeck, tillhebedead, and after¬ wards bang’d in Cha ins, till the Body rot; and mit ^?6rent §>tate-' in fome cafes hisrightharidls'fi'rlt'cut 'olF, and then hanged., '' ''' ^ ’ - Inallfuchfe/OTKi, where the SeMepto/ ckr- a;is allowed, (as it is in many j there the Cri¬ minal is to be mark’d wi th a hot Iron, with a-r. oir M. forrWef, or Mm flayer, on the left hand; and wandring H^'gues are to be burnt on the Shoulder with an Anciently, in the time ofthe SmH chrifliin Kings, and fometime after the coming of the ATormit/) Kings, Men were rarely put to death foirany Criihe, but either paid grievous Fines, or for the more enormous Crimes, to lofe their Eyes, or their Telticles; and fo remaining li¬ ving Monuments of their Impieties, as punilh- ments far worfe than death •, which, among Chrillians, isbelievcdto bebutapalTage, fpr all truly penitent, from this life to a far better, and fo more a than a Pimijmnent, For Petit Urceny, or fmall Theft, that is of the value ofiad. or under,the puniihment ancient¬ ly was fometimes by lofs of an Ear, fometimes by Cudgelling; but (ince Siw.-i. only by Whip¬ ping; but if fuch Petit-Thief be found by the Jury, to have fled for the fame, he forfeiteth all his Goods. Perjury, by bearing felfe Witnefsupon Oath, ispunilh’dwith the Pillory, czWed CoSi/lrigimn, burnt in the Forehead with a P.his Trees grovv- inguponhisground, toberootedup, andhis Goods confifcated. Forgery, cheating, tiheUieg, FsJfe if eights and Meafures, forefiSmg the Market, Offences in Ba^in^and Brewing,zre commonly pimifh’d with Handing in the Pillory, and fometimes to have one or both Ears nailed to the Pillory, and cut off. or there bored through the Tongue with a hot Iron. of ENGLAND. The puhifliment for Miffrijion o^Higb-Trcs^ ■j?)j,“riratTS, for neglefting, or concealing it, is. forfeiture of tlie Profits of his Lands during life, and of all Goods, and alfo imprifonmenc for fife- , . , tr For Strikiitj} in the ling's Court, mherebr BkoiUdrixun, the punilhmentis, thattheCri- minal (hall have his right-hand ftricken of, iii moffadandfolemn manner; as more at large may be feen,in the Chapter of the Kings Court. For Striking in wefirm^er-HuU whillf the Courts of Jufice are fitting, is imprifonment during life, and forfeiture of all his Eftate. For one found in a Vrxmunite, that is, one who incurs the fame punifiiment which wasip- flidledon thofewhotranfgrefed the Statute of cap, 5. commonly called the Statute of prxmumre, corruptly as fome think from the WritPMWBiJiVe, foi Prmonerejuciiis, Sic. for fuchanone, thepuniflimentis forfeiture of all his Eftate, to be put out of the King’s Prote- £tion,and iraprilbnment during the Kings plea- fure, The punifiiment of Petit furors attainted of giving a Verdidt contrary to Evidence,witting- ly, is fevere and terrible; they are condemned tolofetheFranchifeor Freedom of the Law; that is, become infamous, and ofno credit, un- ca pable of being a Witnefs, or of a Jury; their Houfes, Lands, and Goods, (hall be feized into the Kings hands,their Houfes pulled down,their Meadows ploughed up, their Trees rooted up, all their Lands laid wafte, and their Bodies im- prifoned. The like punifiiment is alfo for thofe, who fliall confpire to India an Innocent falfiy, and malicioufly of Felony, Any 48 ■ ^tate :Any Man or Woman corivifled in the Bi- fliopf Court oWerefie, was to be delivered over to the, Secular Power, and to be burnt alive, but this is lately repealed.' ■ Felodefe, that is, one who wittingly killeth himfelf, is to be buried out of Siirw/, with a Stake driven through the Corps, and to forfeit his Goods.', '.Drunkards, Vagabonds,■D’c. . arepunilhed by Petting their Legs in the Stocks Tor certain hours.- ScoJdingmmea are to be fetin iTrebuchet, commonly called a perhaps from the French Co'fiiine, and the German Stiil, the ^iiem Choir-, placed over feme deep Water,, into which they'-are let down, -and plunged un¬ der Water thrice', to cool their choler and heat. Other Mifdemeanorsarecommohly piinilh- ed with Imprifonments or Fines,and fometiraes with both. As for breaking on the Wheel, and other like torturing Deaths, common in other ChriRian Countries,,the EngUIhlook upon-them as'too cruel fo'r.Chriftiah Profeffbrs to ufe. For puttin'gany to thaRack, (unlefs perhaps - in Tome ca fes of E/i^h-Treifon } it is by the £)ig- /(/Ii believed to favour of too much llavifhners; beCdes, they contemning and defpiling death, and yetnotenduring Torture, willfoonerac- know'ledgethemfelves guilty of any the fouleli: crimes whatfoever, than be putto the. Rackiand then the people, not accullomed to fuch cruelty, would be apt to pity the party tortured, anda- bominate the Sovereign and-his Judges for in¬ troducing fuch a cuRom, the Jury would eafily quit Che Prifoner of whatever Confeffion Ihould be,thus extorted. of ENGLAND. 49 ' To give the Reader an exaft account of the Numbef number of people in E»^/M will be very dilB- of Mhi~ cult, but a near conjefl ure may be thus made, bitms. contains 972^ Parilhes, now allow¬ ing to each Parilh, one with another, go'Fami- lies, there will be 778000 Families, and to each Family 7 perfons,there will be found in all,Five Millions four hundred forty fix thoufand Souls, and amongft them One Million of Fighting Men. ' The BtgVifi} Tongue being at prefent much rhek refined, exceedingly copious, exfreHive, znA Jig- lirguige, reafon of a liberty taken by the Na¬ tives, of borrowing outof all other Languages, , whatever might'condiice thereunto) is (as their Blood) a mixture chiefly of the old Saxon (a Viiiek of the Teumick^) and the old 'Notman (zDiaM of the French) not without Lome fa¬ vour .of the Britains, Romans, and Vanes Lan¬ guages. . ■ The Rpri$ns polTelfing England, caufed their Tongue, the mine once, to be generally ufed in this Country. The Si2xo»f fucceeding, introduced their lan¬ guage, wherefoever they feated themfelves. ■ The mtnasii afterwards getting poflelGon of EigtedH-caufed the Norman or French Tongue to be learnt at School, by the Saxons, and for a long time, had all laws, Headings, Sermons, fFc. in French. The mine Tongue at prefent ismade ufe'of intouri-KoIh, Records, Vrocejfes of Courts, in ' Charters, Comiffms, Patents, tvrits. Bonds, and fome-Statutes are Hill kept in that Language. The Hlje ^?£Ccnt ^tate The Names of Sim, Cities, Toms, and Fil- ims, nsces, and Men in England, are generally siton, and fo are moa Founs Af^eUtive, and a treat part of the nrii- In Trench, or rather Hormin, areftill writ¬ ten the Common-Lms, and learnt by young Stu¬ dents thereof. All Repns,VUiiir.gs,a\\Moots^ and um&erciles, are wholly ^Decla¬ rations upon Original Writs, and all Records are written in Trench ; fome old Statutes are ftill in that Tongue; In Parliament, the alTent ordiffenttoBillsmadebythe King, Lords or Commons, is in Trench. Almoll all^ our terms in Hunting, Hmhing, Dicing, Duncing, Singing, &c. are Hill fre»c^' The Nathes of England, by reafon of the TemperaieClimate, Mild Ait, not rendred un¬ equal by High Mountains, and unhealthy by ma- nv Marlhes, plenty of wholfora food, and the life of Beer rather than Wine, Tour k bellt whe, ^kbeauteinSlmvifage, as the FrenchTx;. for a iult,handfome, large proportion of Body, for clear complexions, and pleafing/e.’tKra, do lur- pafs all the Nations in the World. And per¬ haps for fome of the fame reafons, molt other ■Animals, as the Horfes, Oxen, Sheep, Swine, Dogs, Cocks, Cc. are obferved by Strangers to be generally better fliaped than in any other Country. ■Dyef. The Eigh]!) are generally great Tle^Mtters, although bv the nearnefsof the Set, and abun¬ dance of T^aers and Tip-ponds, there is no want of Tifi. In former times their Table was in ma¬ ny places covered four times a day; they hat Breaifafis, Dinners, Beverages, and Suppers, and everywhere Set-Dinners and Suppers, until of ENGLAND. 5I the time ofthe late troubles, wherein many eminent Families being much impoverilhed by the prevailing Rebels, a cullom was taken up by ibmeof the Nobility and Gentry, of eating a more plentiful Ziim’r, but little or no Supper-, as on the contrary, the ^mmancl Jew anci¬ ently, and the hotter Climates at this day,have little or no Dimers, but Cet-Suppers, The Ex^lifi are not now fo much addifled to Ghittny^ndDruniemefs, as of late years, but unto Tobacco more. Feafiing al fo is not fo common and profufe, as anciently; for although the Fedjis at Coromiom, at theof Rights of the Garter, Con- fdcratm of Bijhops, EmertJinmems o? Ambajfa- dors, the fea/j of the Lori Mayor cA London, of SageantsTFoLaro, snd J^eaders fea/rinthe Inns of Court, are all very fumptuous and magnifi- centintliefe times, yet compared tothefea/j ofour Aacefors, feem to be but niggardly and fparing; fyr J^chard Earl of CornmA, Brother toFIenrythe Third, had athis Marriage-Fealf, as isRecorded,Thirty thoufand Dilhes of Meat, and King gi.bari the Second, at a Chripm, fpent daily Twenty fix Oien, Three hundred Sheep, belides Fowl, and all other Provifion proportionably: fo anciently at a CallofSer- geants at Law, each Sergeant ( faith-Farte/rae ) fpent Sixteen hundred Crowns in Fealling, which in thofe days was more than Sixteen hundred Founds ROW. ■ The Englilh that feed not over liberally, (whereto the great plenty and variety of Vi¬ ands entice them) nor drink much fr/«s,but con¬ tent themfelves with fmall,,4/eor sMer,(but efpe. cially the latter) are obferved to be much more healthy, and far longer lived, than any of our Neighbouring Nations. . ^ Da Since SJ %\]t ^?cfc«t ^taf£ Since the lateUebellion,E?f^/ia(i hath abound' ed in variety of Drinks (as^it did lately in va¬ riety of Religions) above any Nation in Enrols. ■ Befides all forts of the belt Wines from Sfm, , Frme, luly. Germing, Greek, there are fold in London above twenty forts of other DrinliS, as Emdy, Coffee, chocokte, Tee, Aromtkk., Mum, Sider, Perry, Mede, MethegUn, Beer, Ale, many forts of Ales, very different, as Cocl^, Siepon/, ' Siich-bncl^, Hull, Norih-Bovin, Smbidge, Semy, Scurvy gfffs. Sage-Ale, Colledge-Ale, iliC, a piece of wantonnefs whereof none of our Anceftors were ever guilty. Attire. For Appuril or Clothing, the Frencb Mode hath been generally ufed in England of late years; In the time of Queen Elizabeth, fometimes the High-Dutch, fometimes the Spanijh, and forae. times the Turriff and Morifeo Habits were by the Englifi worn in EnglMd,vihen the Women wore Doublets, with Pendent Codpieces on the Breafi, full of Tags and Cuts ; moreover Galligafcons, Fardingiles, and Stockings of divers colours; but fince the Rellauration of King Charles the Second, England never faw, for matter of tjearing Apparel, lefs prodigality, and more mo- delly in Clothes, more plainnefs and comeli- nefs, than amonglther Nobility',Gentry,and fu- perior Clergy; only the Citizens, the Country People, and the Servants, appear clothed for the moll part above, and beyond their Quali¬ ties, Ellates, or Conditions; and far more gay than that fort of People was wont to be here-' tofore. Since our lall breach with France, -the Englijb Men fthough not the Women) quitted the French Mode, and took a grave wear, much according with the Oriental Nations; but that is now left, and the French Mode again taken up. For of ENGLAND. 53 For variety of Vivertifunenis, Spirts an.l i(e- I{ecrei’ cremiOHs, no Nation doth excel , liom. The King hatli abroad his Fire^s, Clujis, and Par^r, full of variety of Game; for Hunting ije.! and Fa/fow Ditr, Foxes, Otters ; Hmkjog, Ins FidiocksCourles, Hor[e Rices, U'c. and at home. Tennis, Velmel, SiShrd, Comedies, Open’s, Mif- c,trades, Bills, Billets, Sic. The Nobihty and Gentry have their Par^/, rarrens, Decoys, Pi.l- doci-Cturfes , Horfe-Kices-, Biiv.ing ,■ Comfins, Fijliing, Fowling, mwkjng, Setting-Dcgs, Tum¬ blers, Lurchers, Duck;huming,Cockj-fghlir.g, Guns for Eirdiig, Low-Bells, Bat-Fowling, slrglhg. Nets, Tennis, Bowling, Billiards, Tables, the:!,- Driughts, Cards, Dice, Catches, ^esiions, Pt.r- pojes, Stage-Plays, Masks, Balls, Dancing, Sing¬ ing, all forts of Mu[icil_hftntmenis,l3c. The Citizens and Peafants have Hand-Ball, Foot-Bill, Spittles, or Nine-Pins, Shovel-Board, Ston-Ball, Gofe, Troi‘Madams, Cudgels, Bear-baiting, Bull¬ baiting, Bow and Arrow, Throwing at Cocky, ck: fighting. Shuttlecock , Bowling, Quoits, Leaping,. Wrefiling, Pitching the Bar, and Ringing of Bells, a Recreation ufed in no other Country of the World. Amongft thefe,. feems to all Foreigners, too childilh and unfuitable for the Gentry, and for the Common-People Bull- , baiting and Bear-baiting feem too cruel; and for the Citizens, Foot-Ball, and Throwing at Cocks, very uncivil, rude, anti barbarous within the City. Nommquafi .Vijfamwa, Names were firllira- Englijh pofed upon Men for diltinfliori fake by the ISameqr'- ^ews at their Carcumcifion, by tlie Rgmans at the ninth day after their Birth, and bytheciri- ftians at their Baptifm ; of fiich fignilication for themoltparc thatmight denote the future good D 3 hope. hope,orgoodivi{hesof towards their children. The Names of are generally either StX'.n, z^KobmrJliihird, Henry, William, Eitnard, Edmund, Edviin, Gilbert, Walter, Leo¬ nard, y-c. which are all very fignificative; or elfeoutof the Old and New Teltament, as^- brahm, Ifaae, ^acoh, fohn, Thomas, fames, Or fotnetimes the Mothers Surname,and rare¬ ly nvo Chridian Names, which yet isufual in other Countries, efpeciallyin Germany. Names fuper-added to the Chridian Names the French call Surnames, (i. e.J fuper Nomina. The Hebrems, Creeps, and molt other anti- ent Nations, had no Surnames fixt to their Fa- mil es, as inthefe da\s, but counted thus, for example among the Hebrews, Mekhi Ben Mdi, Addi Ben cafam, 8tc. So the Bricains, Hugh ap Swell, Owen ap Fbefe. So the Irijh, Neal mac con, con mac Dermoii, Sec. AsChriltian Names werefirft given for di- liinflion of Perfons.fo Surnames fordil’iindlion of Families. About/^»WIoco. the Frewi.Nation began to take Surnames withz>e prefixtof a place,and I.e prefixt for fomeother qualifications; as at this (lay is their ufual manner. The Ex^lijial- fotooktothemfelves Surnames, butnot gene¬ rally by the common People, till the Reign of Edmrhhe Firit. Great Offices of Honour have brought divers Surnames, as Edward Fitz-1heoba!d, being long ago made Butler of Ireland, the Duke of Or¬ mond and his Ancedors defcended from him, took the J«r»a»ieof Butter, f okn Count Tar.- qii;r-jiile of Normandy, being made Chamber- lain to the King of Enj^lar.d, above 400 years ago, his Dependents of Shirborn-Caiikm Ox. of ENGLAND. foMife, and of rrejlhicry in Clo:eaerJJm, heir Hill the fame Coat of Arms, by the name o, cbmberkin. At firft, for Surnames, the £^g\i^ Gentry took the name of their Birth-place, or Habita¬ tion, ssThominof' A^on, or EuftTom, Jobnor Suttoti^o: south Tom-, anrlas they altered their Habitation, fo they altered their Surname A.- ter, when they became Lords of places, they called themfelves Tkomiit Ajkti of Jfioit, ookn Suitou of Sutton, The common people for ad-- ded their Fathers Name witli Son at the en 1 thereof, as tbomK 3^olmfox, Jioben i{f:tirduin. They alfo oft took their Fathers Nick-name,-, or Abbreviation with addition of s; as Gibs,. the Nick-name or Abbreviation of Gilbert,Hobs of iobett,Nicis of Nlcbohis, Bm of Bmbolo- wsw, sm of Stmuel, Bodges of ^ger -, and thence alfo Gibfon, Hobfon, Hickson, Bitfon, ■ SOipfon, Hodfon, and Hutchinfon, £jc. Many alfo were fiirnamed from their Trade,as smth, ■ Joyner, Weiver,- Wdkef, that is Eulkr in Old Englilh; and Gof, that is, Smith iaweleb, &c. Or from their Offices; as Better, Stemrd, Shep¬ herd, carter , Spencer, that is Stemard, Cook., Butler, Kemp, that is in Old Englith, Soldier ; or from their place of abode, as Vndetmod, Vnderhil-, alfo Atmood, Atwell, Athill-, which three laft, are Ihrunk into woods, Wells, Hills. Or fromtheir Colour or Complexion, as Bair- fix, thath Mr looks-. Bigot, thatisSpeckled-, Blunt, or Blurtd, that is Flaxen Hair ; fo from Birds, as Arundel, that is Swallow, Corbet, that ; Wren, Finch, Woodcock, fSc. fo from Bealls, as LambiFox, Moyle, that is Mule. D-4 The ■56 iSE^e 53?jfent ^tafe the Nomans at their firft coming into Eng- brought Surnames for many of their Ge», try with de prefix’d, asthe/redcA Gentry doth generally at this day,and their Chrittian Names were generally Germn ; they being originally defcended from Normy, inhabited fay Gemansi And fome for about two hundred years after the Conqueft, took for Surnames their Fathers Chriltian Name, with Fitz, or Fils prefixt, as Fitz-mEim, Henry Fitz-Oernrd, which isasmuchas niZ/wm/sM. Geritrdfon,&c. ' The Britains, or iTeZ/fe more lately refined,did not take Surnamrs till of late years, and that for the moll part only by leaving out«in and annexing thef to their FathersChriftiannames, as in Head of Evm ap nice, now Evas Price ; fo in fteadofizp HomelyPoviel ; np Hugh, Fvghe-, ap Rogers, Progers, birtvariousfor all moveable Fealts- ncfiet, and the other moveable Feafls m Eng‘ yjoi, are moll certainly thus found. shroveTucj- Aiy is always the firft fuefdiy after the firfl New Moon after fmuury, and the Sunday following is OuadmeRm, and the fixth Sunday after is EaRer dal, ajid the fifth Sunday after Ealhr is Sunday ■, of ENGL'AND.- SMiy, andthertiir/Aiy following,being forty days after the Se/HwSwfj, is Ten • days after which, or fifty days after Eijltr-, is Pmtcofi.m whh-lunii}, and the follow- ■ ingkTrmy-futiduy ■, which Computation of the Church of Efgknd, agrees with all the Eafierit - Chrillian Churches; for they and we find-fayfer by th* Rules which were generally received by all Chriftendom,"/t«». S32i and everfince,till 1582. itwasalteredby thePope, asaforefaidi ■ and that was, that £a/er-dii/rfiouId'always be ' on the fitft Smdty after thd firlt Full Moon after tlie 21 oP March, which was'then the f'erital' Equinox.-- Yetcannotitbedenied,buttha6this ' old Computation is become'erroneous: for by our Rules, twEaflers will be obferved in one year, asintheyeari667,andnotone£a//£rin ’ another yearj asini 6 < 58 , as this Author obfer¬ ved formerlyin hisPropofals to theParliamenti • concerning Wants,-- Butfo reduce all to the fame order,as itwas '■ attheBirthofChrift, that fo the Annunciation ■ or Conception of our Saviour,' may-beat the retnil Equinox, his Nativity at the -Winter Sol' ftice, andSt.'Jofcaftis fore-runner atthe Sum¬ mer Sblllice, as it ought to be, mayeafily'be elFeifted, if His Majelty pkafed to command, that from the year 1681. forward, there may be omitted 15 Leap-years; that is. let there lie nomore-Dksklercalitres for the next fixty years tocome, butthateveryyear mayconiiltof 36$ ■' days only, for thereby would the year ■ be ; brought back juft 12 days.t i hours,6 thin, and 8 fecondsfor the year confiding of 365 days, q hours, 49 rainutis,and-i6 (econds, every fourth ■ year putting in a whc 3 e day, or 24 hours, tliei e - is put in too much-by 42 minutes, and -sfi fe- condsjWhichby4i8Leap-yearsnow-finceChrifls pie , Birth, ■ io. Birth, have thrult back our year juft n days, ; ii hours, 6 minutes, and S feconds. Mvent-Simdiy hatha peculiar Rule, and is- always the fourth Simdiiy before ChMm^-dayyi or the neareft Smdiiy to St-Andrews day, yvhe-- ther before or after. 1 . The year in Er.^hnd, according to the Cycles- ■ of the Sun and Moon, and according.to Ahns-j racks, begins on the Eirftof ^mwity, but the, Snglijh Church and State begins the year from, thedayof Chrili'slncmmm.yiz. on the 2^f», of Mitch, which is alfo obferved in 'pAn ; yet the Fonugiiefe (as in divers Countries in .y/wM), begin their year on the apt* of Augujl,tiie Vsne- jiaujontheftrft of Mmh, .according to-the pB-, theGrecMM-OBthelongellday, as the old Mpmm did on the fliorteft day; which two laft fern to have mod reafon, as beginning juft at the Periodied day of the Suns return. The mturd day conlilling of 24 hours, is bev gun in according to the-cullomof the r^yptMosandantientSowaMs, at midnight, and counted by-i2hoursto.mid-da,y, and again by 12 hours to next midnight; whereas in Ju/y, Bokim,Poknd,2n(\ fome other Countries,their accountisfromSun-fetting by 24.of the Clock, to the next Sun-fetting; and at Nortmberg, and mttembefgh inGer»)any,accor(lingtotheokl Bn- hylwm account, they begin at the licit hour after Sun-rifina, to count one of the Clock, and fo againatthefirlthourafter Sun-fetting. But Ajlrmmers accommo'ating their Calculations to the moll noble time of the day, begin their account from Koon toNuon, ,asdo Hill the.,^- rdinis and fome cth.ers. There 0 f:..ENGLA'ND. Tliete was a time- when thofe names of Wm* je-amonstt all dviliz d Nations were unknown ^umkf^ to them, and,proj)ably they.tlien applyed the ;„_g, Finaers of one,and fometimes of both Hands to Lnas, whereof they defired to keep acrount, r as is vet done among the illiterate hdmsy and thence it may he that the NumeMl mds are mren in any Nation, and in fome Nations but Five, and then they beginagain.as after iJecas, Vndecim, Diiodecim, iSc. , . n, , c, The Hebrews and the Greeks, m flead of Jvk- meul KWilrured the letters of their MpbuhetSy hpjrinnin£'a£ain'affertbe Tenth Letter.- ^ The Ldtmes made ufe only of feven of their cupel letters, viz. ® M D CIX V I, all to be foimd in ■ rt-.is Firn -e, and all made ufe of in ■>he fan. ■ ord^r in thatfttal year to LorJcr. 1 :'' 56 . which never did h'jnpen befoie, nor never will a- 0ain; and therefore inmemory thereof, for tte future Jt might be exfeto;, efpec.ally for.the londomrs, tocountthiis, @XV for i68i. fo ■ 0XVI for 1682,.(Sr. The Erf (aa all the Wenern Chrinian World, till about 400years ago) ufedonlyNit- trtera mds in all Writings; but finre ufe the Fi&res i, 2, 9. &r. which the Chrilhans learnt fixlt of the Mmres or .^aij, and they f?0fcnt &tate- C H A P. III. of,the Government 0/ENGLAND O F Govermenis there can be hut three hitiis ■ ■ for either one, 01 More, or mull have ■ the Sovereign Power of a Nation. If One, then it is a Monmtj ; if More, (-that is, an Afferably' of choice Petfons)then his Mftocrtcy, if M, ■ (thatis, tfit Ajfemblpof the Peoffe) thenlt is - a Demomcy Of z]\Goveritments,the Motimhicil,htsmoh refeniblingtheI 3 rai)i^, and neareft approach¬ ing to Per/eflwB, (Unity being the Perfcftita ■ of all things) hath ever been efteemed the moll ■ excellent.' ’Ova ciy.^ir el's Koi^af©’ I'saj ‘ Eif BaotMu's, - For the Tmfgrejfions of i Lund, mMfire the Frinces or Rulers thereof, Prov.28.2. Of Monerchies fome are Sefpoticil, where the Subjedls, like Servants, are at the Arbitrary Power and Will of their Soveraign,as the Turl^s and Berbtruns, Others Folitical or Faternil, • where theSubjefls like Children under a Fa¬ ther, aregoverned by equal and juft Laws, con- fentedandfwornuntobythe King; asisdone by all Chrillian Princes k their Coronations. Of cE E N Q L A N D- ©f Tuetnil Mmrchkh .rome ar& where the Grown defcends either Male, asinfi-<«!« hath been long prafltfed, or totlie nextof Blood, as in Spin, Others Eleflive, wh^re, upon riie_ death of every Prince, without had “ “cir Heirl or next of Blood .-another by » aeftioihis appointed to fucceed, as m and Ibngnh and tillof late in i 3 e«»Mrt and ^''oTnereditary Tuefna Monmkies, fome are dependent,-and holden of Earthly Potentates, and are obliged to do homage for the fame; as the Kingdom of Scotland (though this be Itiny denied by Scotch Writers) andof:iira«, that held/» Gapits of the Crown o^ EttgUnd, and the Kingdomof NapUs, holden ofthe Pope-, others independent, holden only of God, acknowledge ing no Superiourupon Earth. EniUni is an Hereditary, Vaternal Monasfhp governed by one Supreme Independent and Vnde- pfuble Head, according to the known Laws and Cuftoms of the Kingdom; It is a Free Monarchy, challenging above- many other European Kingdoms, a freedom from all fubiedlion to the Emperor, or Laws of trEmpire: (for that the obtaining, antiently the Dominion ofJhis Land by force of Arms, and afterwards abandoning the fame, the Right by the fawof Na lO^ returned to their former Owners proderelm, ieiSion from the Bilhopof Pp»ie, and thereby from divers inconven'ences'and burdens, un¬ der which the Neighboring KinSdomsS^an; as Jppeiih t9 Rome in fmdry Eccle/infiical Suirs, Erovilions Had Difpenfnitons, on feveralcaufesto < be procured from thence; many Tributes and Tuxes paid to that Bilhop) C’c. Itis a 'MoMfckj freefrom all Interregnum,mi. ■ with it from many mifchiefs whereunto £-• leflive kingdoms are fubjeft. isfuch a Monarchy, as that, by the • neceffary fubordinate concurrence of the Lords ■ and Commons in the making and repealing all Statutes or Afts of Parliament, ithath-the' main advantages of an Arifiecrncy, and of a De¬ mocracy, and yet free from the difadvantages andevilsof either. It is fuch a Monarchy, as by mod admirable- temperament affords very much to the Indujiry, Liberty ;in\mpphefs of the Subjefl.and referves enough for the Ma'ieliy and Prerogative of any- King that will own his People as Subjedis.not as Slaves. ■ It is a Kingdom, thatof all the Kingdoms of the World, is the mod like the Kingdom of ^eftis thrifl, whole y'oke is ealie, whofe burden is-light. , It is a Monarchy, that without Interruption ■ hath been continue-.l almod loooyears, (and till of late) withoutanyattemptof changeof that Government: fo that to this fort of Go verm ment, the EngHjl) Teem to be naturally inclined; and therefore during the hts Bouleverfntions, or overturnings, when all the Art thatthe Devil or Man could imaginewas induftrioufly made ufe of to change this Monarchy into aDemocracy, this Kingdom into a Commonwealth, the mod and the bed of Erglijl) Men, the general Spirit and Genius of the Nation, fnot fo much 'the Presbyterian or Rayalift) by mighty^, though 63 of ENGLAND. invifible, influence,concurred at once to, reftwe their exiled Sovereign, and re-eltablilh that antient Government. C H A P. IV. Of the KJNG of ENGLAND, dni therein of His Ndme, Title^ Jrms, 'Dominions, Vatrimony, Revenue, and Strength: Of His Perfon, Of fee, Power, Prerogative, Supre¬ macy,- Sovereignty, Divinity, and Refpeld. T he king is fo called from the word'{(pw»^, intimating Power and !(««»- Uige-, wherewith every Sovereigu-lhould efpe- cially be invelled. The Title antiently of the Saxoa King Edgut Title; ms, ' MilmmBalfleus CSi Pomus ({umer Mo.- rjiiM, viz. The Mtiji),.Germi», Irijh, and Veu- cileimkn Sens ; andTometimes AngUrum Bofeus omk-aqiie Mukrum, Ocemique, man- mom circum-jocintif, cmilotumqut ’itotmum qua. infroesmwliduntiir, Imperatori^ Domims. The Modern Title more inodelt, is, DeiGfO- ik, of England, Scotland, France, and Iretani, King, Dejenderof. the Faith.- ' , • The King is only Dei Gratia limply, (i.e,)fmm. the favour of none but 'Godj.ahd the Archbi- fliop and Bilhops, to whom the Title is girem. ICIj? ^jEfent &tate muff underltand, Dii Grittii & or Grmi^ vohntm R^gif. . Defender of the Fii:h, was antiently ufed by the Kings of Engknd, as appears by feveral Charters granted to the Univerfity of Oxjori ; but in the year I'jai- moreaffixtbyaMfrom Pope Leo the Tenth, for a Book written by Henry the Eighth againlUa/kr, in defence of fome points of the Religion; but hnee continued by A^of Parliament for defence of the Antient, mholici, and ApjlolM Fm- FrimenimEcdep belongs to the Kings of EngUnd, becaufe their PredecelTor luem wss- thefir/f King in the World that embraced Chn- Ifianity. cMllitniJIImm was by the Uternn Counetl under Pope the Second, conferred on the Kings of EngUni in the Fifth year of ^onytheEighth, though before ufed hy Henry the Seventh, and iince only by the Fmch ^ The Title oF^mm was firfi given to the King about the time of Henry the Fourth; to Hcn^ the Sixth, Excellent Grice ; to Eimiri the Fourth, High and Mighty Frince-, to Henry the Eighth, firlt Highnefs, then Mi]eily ; and now Sicred Mijefy, after the cuftom of the Eiftern’ Emperors, that ufed 'Ayla, BawAeia* The King of England in his PublicK Mru- ments and Letters, fliles Himfelf Nos, we, in- the P/hmI Number. Before King f oJn’s time, Kingsufedthe Number; whichculto.m is flill feen in the end of Writs, 7‘rJ?e fflHp/o ■ ^ In, fpeaking to the King isufed often (belidcs- rotst MajeSy) Syr, from Cyr in the Greei Kup an Abbreviation of Kvpi©- and Kt/guV, Dotninus, much ufed to the Greek. Emperors; but Syr or Domine cf ENGLAND. 67 Demme is now in Etigktid become the ordinary word to all of better rank, even from the King to the Gentleman. It was antiently in EtigUni given to Lords, afterwards to Knights, and to Clergy-men prefet before their Chriliian names; now in that manner only to Bamets and Rights of the Balt, and l^igiis Batchelors-, yet m France Sjr, or S'jre, is referved only for their King. About the time that our Saviour lived on Earth, there was a Jewilh Sedt, whofe Ring¬ leader was one fudas of Galike, mentioned AUs'^.^j, that would not give this Title of Sir, or Domim to any Man; affirming that it was proper only to God, and flood fnotunlike our new Fanatkis aWei Qjiekers) fo perverfly for fuch Nominal Liberty .(being in other points meer Pbatijees) chat no Tenalties could force them to give this Honorary Title to any Man, no not to the Empcrour; XJti videre eS tfui fofepiim ^ alios, fed hoc obiter. Arms areEnfigns of Honour born inaShield Arms. for diltindlion of Families, and defcendableas hereditary to Polierity; but were not fixed ge¬ nerally in England norfr«»ce,till after the Wars in the Holy^Land, about 400 years ago, unlefs it were in the Kings of Em^e. The Saxon Kings before the Conqueft bare Azure a ctojs Form) between four Martlets, Or. Afterwards the Danijk Ifings Reigning in lEngtand, bare Or Semi de Barts Gules, 3 lions Vajfan Gardant Azure. After the Conquell.the Kings of England bare, two Leonards, born fird by the Conqueror as Duke of Normandy, till the time of Henry the Second, who in right of his Mother, annext her Paternal Mje p?efent Paternal Co/if,thei>'oaof being of the the fame Field, Meul, and Fom n ith the Zeopurds, from-thenceforward they were .joyni- ly Marllialled inone Shield,indSkzomi iLpns, as at prefent. King Fd-nied the Third, in riglit of his Mo¬ ther, claiming the Crown of Ftme,- with the Arms of mglml quartered the Arms of France, ■which then were Azure, Semi-Flomer Deluces Or ; afterwards changed to Three Flomr-de- luces ; whereupon Henry the Fifth of England caufed the Englijh Arms to be changed likewife. King ‘fames upon the Union of England and JcDttorf, caufed the Arms of France and England to be quartered with Scotland and Ireland, and are thus blazoned. The Kingof£«^;iOi(lbeareth for his Sovereign En^gns Armorial, as followeth. In the firit place Axure, 3 Floroer-de-hlces Or .; to the J^gal Arms oFFrance, quartered with the Imperial Enligns of England, vibith are Gules Three Lyons pajfant Gardant in Pale Or. In the fecond place, within a double Trejfure counter- flomred de lit Or, a Lyon l^ampant Gules, for the dloyal Arms of Scotland. In the third place, Azure, an'Irijh Harp Or, fringed Argentj for the Egyal Enligns of Ireland. In the fourth place, as inthefirft. All v/ithin the Garter, the chief Enlignof that moll Honourable Order '; above the fame an Helmet, anfwerable to His Majellies Sovereign Jurifdiflionjupon the fame atich of Cloth of Gold doubled Ermin, adornedwith an Imperial Crownjand furmoun- ted for a Crell by a Lyon Pajfant Gardant, Crown- ed-withthelikej.fupportedbya Lyon J{ampant Gardant Or, Crowned astite former, and an Dr nicorn-Argenl Gorged, with a Crown, thereto a ChainafSxt, paffingbstweenliisfore-legs, and reflex’d. <59 of ENGLAND. reflexM over his back Or ; both ftandingupon a Compartment placed underneath, and in the Table of the Compartment His Majelties Royal Motto, Dku^mnDroit. / The Supporters ufed before the Union of ErgUni and smkiti, were the Dr,igon and ■ L)on. The Arms of Ermce placed fii ft, for that Vrmo is the greater Kingdom, and becaufe from the Itrft bearing, thofe Flowers have been always Eit(igns of a Kingdom; whereas the Arms of Engkni were originally of Dukedom as aforefaid, and probably becaufe thereby the French might be the more eafily induced to acknowledge the EngUp Jk\e. The Motto upon the Garter, E/oni foil qui md y penfe ; that is, Sbme be to him thu evil thereof thinleth, was firft given by King Edwnrd the Third, the Founder of that Order; and that none might believe his delign therein was any other than juft and honourable, he caufed thole words to be wrought in every Garter that he bellowed; whereof more in the Chapter of the Knights of the Garter. The Motto, Dinted non Droit, that is, Gad. md Wj Eight, was firif given by Ej'chnrd the Fiift, to intimate.thatthe King of £Bg/«)iiholdeth his Empire not inVafiallage of any Mortal Man.but of God only; and afterward taken up by Ed- mrd, the Third, when he firft claimed the King- ■ dom of Fnnce. The device of a Eertciillit of a Caltle, yet to'befeenin many places, was the ■ Badge or Cognizance of theBemforts, Sons of ■ fohn G .m«t Duke of Z^Kfa/?er,becaufe they were bofnathisCalileof BesufortinFtmce, 70 Domini- ons. jE^c f ?£f£iit gitate The zntientDominmsof the Kings of £rf- Imd, were tK.i En^Uitd, an-.lalltlie .,e«^ round about CrMtBWfiiiiiaiicl IrcUnd, anclall the adjacent, even to the Shores of all the Neigh¬ bouring Nation;and our Law faith, TheJfit is of the Leigunce of the King, as well as the Land; and, as a mark thereof, all Ships of f«- yetVaerr have antiently demanded leave to Fifli, and pafs in thefe Seas; and do at this day lower their To^fnih to all the Kings Ships of War; and therefore Children born upon thofe Seas /as it fometimes hath hapnedj are accounted natural born SubjeSs of the King of Er^ghndy and need no Naturalization, as others born out of His Dominions. roEngUnd, He«ry thePlrftannext hHrmir.dr, and //esrythe Second IreUr.d, being diled only Lordof ;retod,till39if 8. although they had all Kingly Jurifdiflion before. Hem} the Second alfo annexe the Dukedoms of Glim and Ari]ou, the Counties of VoiHou, Tour Alt, and Mo^ii Edmrd the Firlt all nks, and Edwdrd the Third the Rigid,though not the Polleflionof allf/awe. King JattiM addedJc(«/it»if,and fince that time there have been fuper-added liindry conlider- abla Plantations in Americo. The Dominions of the King of Eiigkm.are at this day in pofTelTion (befides his juft Ri§)ht and Title to the Kingdom of Enme) all Eng- lind, Scotlmd and Irehnd, three Kingdoms ot large extent, with all the Wes about it, above Forty in number,fmall and great, whereof fome very confiderable; and all the Seas ad|acenf. Moreover, the Wands of ferfe},Guernfey^lder- *ay, andSurt which are parcel of the Dutchy of Norvund}-, befides thofe profitable Planta- ■' tions cf ENGLAND. tionsof yitginu, Batbidoes, mucn, Florida, Bemitdos, NewmberlMds, mth feveral other Ifles and Places m thofe Quar¬ ters, and fome in the Eufi-hdies, and upon the Coaft of Jfrhi-, alfo upon the North-parts of Jmicn, by right of firii: difcovery to Eftotilm, TemCortetklU, Nemfoimd-lund.mA to GuiM in the South, the King of Eiigkud hath a Legal Right, thougli not poflellion. King iT/to the Conqueror getting by right of Conqueft, as fome affirm, all the Lands of many. Eigtedfexcept Lands belonging to the Church, to Monalleries and Religious Houfes) intohis own hands in Vemeffi, as Lawyers fpeak, foon bedowed among his Subjefts a great part there¬ of, referving fome Retribution of Rents, or Ser¬ vices, or both, to him and his Heirs Kings of Engknd-, which Refervation is now, as it was before the Conqueft.called theTenure of Lands; the reft he referved to himfelf in Xieae/s, called Corort I{egis Domitiki, Domdns, and Sacra Fa- trimimia, Fradium Dmid Regu, VitcBimDom.- nim, cujuiimllaiefi jdiuhormfi Dens: all other Lands in England being held now of fome Supe- riour, depend mediately or immediately on the Crown; but the Lands poffeft by the Crown being held of none, can e/cfiwt to none; being Sacred, cannot become Prs/aue, are, orftiould be permanent and inalienable. And yet they have beenCby Time, the Gi ft and Bounty of our Kings,and linne Neceffities for theprefervation of the Weal Publick) much alienated. How¬ ever, there is yet left, or was lately, almolt in every County of England, a Forsfi, a Far^, a Cdfile, or Royal Palace belonging to the King; and in divers Counties there are many I’arkj, cafiks, orP«/(iraand Fotcjis, Hill belonging to ig:l)e fjefent ^tatc His Maiefty, for to receive and divert Him, when He (hall ple-afe in His Royal Progreffes to vifit thofe parts: A Grandeur not to be pa. rallell’d perhaps by any King m the whole "'^'^The certain I^vmesohhe Kings of England, were antiently greater than of any King in Eu- Yopdj they enjoying in Domains and Fee-Farm* Rents, almoll enough to difchargeall the ordi¬ nary expences of the Crown,without any Tax or Impoll upon the Subjedt. , Upon the happy Reftauration of Kmg Charles tlie Second, the Lords and Commons allembled in Parliament, finding the Crown-Revenues much alienated,and theCrown-charges exceed¬ ingly increafed, byreafon of the late valt Aug¬ mentation of the Revenues, and firength by Sea and Land, of our two next Neighbour-Nations abroad, and of the many Fadtions, Mutinous •and Rebellious Spirits at home, did unani- moufly conclude, that for the Peace and Secu¬ rity, for the Wealth and Honour of the King and Kingdom, it would be neceflary to Settle upon His Majelly a yearly Revenue of Twelve hundred thoufand Pounds; and accordingly, with the King’sconfent, at the humble requeft of the Lords and Commons, thdre was Elta- blilhed by Impolts.upon Imported and Expqrt- ■ ed Goods, upon Liquorsdrank inEtgl^d, and upon Pire-Hearths, fo much as was judged wmld bring up the former impaired Crown- Revenues to the faid Sum. Notwithlranding which, the whole yearly Revenues of the. King of England, are not above the twelfth pqrtpf the Revenues of his Kingdomwhereas the King of France hath yearly above 'Ope hundred and fifty Millions of Livers-, thafis, ^bove of ENGLAND. Eleven Millions of Pounds SterUxg, an-! above a Fifth parcof the whole Revenuesof And the publick Revenues of the Vuitei Methir- Unis, coming all out of the Subjeits Purfes, are near Seven Millions of Pounds 5 fer//)g. ' If this Revenue of our King, be truly paid to the King, and brought into the King’s Exche¬ quer, Cthat great Sea. whereinto lb many Ri¬ vers and Rivulets empty themfelves, and from whence are exhaled by the Sun thofe kind va¬ pours wherewith it watereth this whole Land, and whereby all His Majetlies Land and Sea- Forces (by whofe vigilance we fleep quietly in our Bids ) are maintained; and whereby do fnblill the feveral Courts of the Kina,and Royal Family, (by which the Honor and fplendor of this Nation is prefervedi the feveral Ambafia- dors abroad, Great Officers of the Crown, and judges at home, (Jr-i If this Revenue be tru¬ ly paid. and brought into the Exchequer, it is fure, that in all £«rspe there isnooneTreafu- ry, that with lefs deceit, or lels charge of Of¬ ficers, proportionably, doth re-imburfe the fame. it was complained by H. 4. of Fmce, Ics difpsits ijue fdfeym ks Offiders de i' Ef- titgm mmyem s. fins qm h That the Charges of the Exchequer-Office exceeded the Income ; and that there were then Thirty thbufand Officers to colledl^and wait on the Revenues; whereas there cannot be any other iuft complaint in EngUnd , but only that the neceflary Charges of the Crown are of late fo great, that the King’s fetled Revenue cannot defray them; and yet too many of his Sub- jeits grudge to Rave thofe Revenres augmeJit- ed.lookingtrpos every little payment through a E 74 tmgth. pcfent ^tate zMmiffmGhls, whereby it appears a great grievance, anil never making life of tliofe fro- /pe,'?;w(;/#UM0ralanri Civil fcience)wliere- bv they might fee afar off the Calamity that is comingon like anarme(l,Man,anci cannot with¬ out fuch payments he prevented. The King of Btig/naL’s-RevtnueS'were never raifed by any.of thofe (ordid.-bafe ways, ufed in other Countries, .as by fale of Honours^ fale of Magiltracies.faleof OlScespf JulliceandLarv, fale of Licenfes tothofe thatwillfetup Mailer of any Trade, byMerchandiring. byageneral Impoffnpon,all,inannerofVj£,tuals and Clothes, by Ihmts jecos, .or .Impoll upon all Goo*- at theentrance intoany Inland Cpuntry,or:Tnland , Chy; by Penhons from Confederates, upon ■pretence of PrQtetiion.jfJr. But the Revenues of the King of conlills either in Deniefns, fas.afore) or in Lands belonging to the Principality oftrafo, Dutchy of commf' and Dutchy of Ltimflef, in Tentiis, and Pirll-Fruits, in Reliefs, Pines, Amercements, and Confifcations; but tpore efpeciallyof late, in thofe few ImpoHs afore¬ mentioned. , , The -mighty Power of the King of before the Coniundtion of .ScotUni, and total fuhjedlion of IriU^i , •wbioli 'tvere ufually at enmity withhim, was notorioufly known to the ■ \y;orId, and fufficientiv felt by cur Neighbour- Nations. What his Strength hath been fioce, -was never fully'tryed by King awes or-King Charles the Firft , dieir Parliaments latid People, having upon all.cccafons been re-fr,a- aory,and thwarting thofe good Kings deJigns; but now,, that the Parliaments of all the Three Kingdoms feem to vie,'whiqh.fltalljripre readily comply with their S,ows*gnsBe^ffis.and'^e- bl ENGLAND. 74 S^ns. rt isnot ealie to comprehend whatmigli- w things HisMajeiiy now Reigning, might-at- tempt and effeiS. But kthim beconfidered ab- flraftly. as King only of E!gW, which is like.a huge Fortrcfs, or Garifoned Town,fenced, not only with llrong Works, her Port-Towuis, wiith, a wude and deep Ditch the Sea, but guarded al- fo with excellent Out-works, theftrongeltand beft.built Ships of War in the World; then fo abundantly furnilh’d within with '■leu andhorfe, with Vifluals and Ammunition, with Clqthes and Money, that if all the-Potentates of £it- ro(s Ihould confpire, (which God forbid) they could hardly dillrefs it. Her boms-hrei Wires ,06 [ufficient to miwm her, and 'nothing but kef home-brei Wars enough to de/lroj her. This for the defenfive Strength of the King of Btgkni-, now for his Oftenlive Puiffance, How’formidable mult he be to the Worl i, when ■they (hall-underliand that the King of EngUni is well able, whenever he is willing, toraifeof ,Etiolffli-Men, Two hundred thoufand, an of £«|///lhH• But I m couftitmdBijhofjor Eximfl thim of the Church, > Bex iim hommnfhehique Sictrios. He IS both Prince and Priell, as the faipe word is ufed for both in the Hebrew and Erwjfc ■ hI is, as the Bomm Emperours, Chriftian as weltasHeathen,llyled themielves Powi/ex Wax. He isthfe Supreme Paftor of Er.gUui, and hath not only Right of Ecclefiallical Government,but alfoof exerdfingfome Ecclefiallical FunY‘°"? fo far as Solomsn did, llQn^s 8. when-he blefled the People, Confecrated the Temple, and pro¬ nounced that Prayer which is the Patern now for Confecration of all Churches andChappels; butallthe Minifterial Offices are left to the Si- (bops and. PrieSs, as the Adminillration of Sa¬ craments, Preaching, and other Church-Ofhces and Duties. .. Of thisd'acred Per/eaof theKing, of the Life and Safety thereof, the Laws and Culloms of ExgUni are fo tender, that they have made tt Hiefi Treifon only to imagine or intend the death of the King. And hecaufe by imagining, or confpiring the death of the King’sCounfel- lors, or Great Officers of His HoulbokI, the defiruflion of the King hath thereby fometimes enfued, and is ufually aimed at, (faith Stci. 3 H.7O that alfd-was made Felony, to be pu- CapitaltheRuleis. rohmia von repittalhur pro fiUlo ; and ztiEngUlh-mnn may not in other Cafes ■ E..3 bev Pjj&itt ^tate be pnnilh’cl with death, unlefs the AdfoIIow tfieintent; The Law of Eti^litid hith fo high elitent of the Kings Perfon, that to offend againff-fhofe Perfons, and thofe things thatreprefent his Si- trei Perfon, as to kill feme of the Crown-Gffi- cersi, or to kilt any of the Kings Judges, exe¬ cuting tlieir Office, or to counterfeit the Kings Seals, or his Money's, is made Biib Treafon j becaufe by all tlicfe,. the Khig’s Perion is repre- fcnted; and Hi^hTretfon is, in the'Eye of the Law, fo horrid, that befides lofsef Life and'Ho- nour, Real and Perfonal Effateof the Criminal, his Heirs alfo are to lofe the fame for ever, and to be ranked amongit the FeifiMrj and Ignoble, till the King ihall pleafeto reltore them. Efi enim tarn grnw crimen cfa i th' Bnilbn) ut vix per- mmntur lA’edibxi gnoi vivM, High Treafon B fo grievous a crime, that the Law not con¬ tent witli the Life, and Effate, and Honour of the Criminal,can hartllv endure to fee hisHeirs liirvivehim. And rather than Treafon againft the King’s ■ Perfon. Ihall go unpunilhed, the Innocent in Crme .Cafes Ihall be punilhed: for if an Ideot or Luna tick (who cannot be faid to have any 'Will, and fo cannot offend) during his Ideocy or Lu¬ nacy, Ihall kill, or go about to kiil the King, lie fhall be punilhedasa Traytor; andyetbeing Koircompos mentit, the Law holds that he can¬ not commit 'Felony or Petit Treafon, nor other forts of High Treafon. Moreover,for the precious regard of thePer- fhnofthe King, by .an antient Record it is de¬ ck red, Tha t no Pi; flcb, ought to be admin i llretl to Him, without good W.nrran,t, this Warrant to be Signed by the advice of His Council; no etbei Phyficiaas but what is mentioned In the' Warrant,. of ENGLAND. 79 Warrant; toadminilteTtoHim; thePhfchns to prepare all things with their own liancls, and not bv the hands of any Apothecary ; and to ufe’theaffiflanceonlyof' futhC/yTtngwiit.asare preftribed in the Warrant. ^ And fo precious is the Per/oiiand itje of the King, that every Snbjea is obliged and bound, by his Anegiance. to defend His Peifon in H ^ murai as well as' Polittci capacity, "^^h h s own Zi/eand Lintis ; wherefore the Law faith. That'the Life and Membir of every bub)ea, is at the-fervice of the srJdregu. He is i eier Patrk, & ditWerit pro Pa-Ye Pdim man, to lofe Life or Limb, in defending him fiom COnfpiracies, Rebellions,orInValions; orafli- IHag him inthe execution'of his Laws.lnouw feel a pleafantthing to every Loyal-hearted Subjea; The Office of theKing^of JEtig/iwii in the Laws office. df Kiaz Eduard the Confeffor, is thus defen- bed; l(ex.quid yiur'w fmai PegU eS, id bsc cmmmr,Ut negmm KTTcmim u f .. & [tttetomm SinSm EcckfHraepswmmr. remkibinmaft^ ieferdu t-And (according to the Learned Fortefciie) is, PitpM beU populi fui & eos re(liffimejudrcirey to fight 'the Battels of his Peopl^ and to fee Right and Julticedone ^ Or (according to another) it is to Protea and.Govern his People, fo that they may (if polGBle) lead quiet and peaceable lives in- all Godlinels and Honelly undet-him. Of mote particular, ('as'is -promifed'atthe- Gdronatlon) to preferveithe Rights and Pnvi- ledges of the Church' and Clergy, the tlojiP mngmw belonging toth'e Crown; tbe-Laws So jE^e pjcfcflt ^tate andCuOoHisof tBe Realm, toclo Juftice, Oiew Mercy, keep Peace aBd'Unitj'jffc. .Torver The Kingforthe better performance of this :i;id JVe- great and weighty Office, hath certain ■sgaivs, AU]eliaif, extraordinary Powers, Pre-emi¬ nences, and Priviledges inherent in the Grown, called antiently by Lawyers Sun Sumim, and Flowers of tb'e Crown, but commonly F^yal Freroguives ; whereof fome the King hdids- bp t-he Law of Nations, others by Common Law, (excellent above aH Laws ia upholding a free Monarchy,aBd exalting the King’s Prerogative) and fome by Statute-Law. The King only,, and- the King alone, by his Royal Prerogative, hath Power, without Adi: of Pulhment, to declare ii’at, miil(e Peace, fend and receive Ambafadors, maie Leagues and Trea¬ ties with any Foreign States, give Cormijfms for levying Men and Anns by Sea and Zand, or for prcffing Men if need require, difpofing of all Magazines,. Amminiiion, Cafiks,FonreJfes, Ports, Have>is,Shipso^ War, and publicbaMoneys-, ap-, point theMei.ii,nigk, Purity, and Fiilue there¬ of, and by hi&. Proclamation make any Foreign Coyn to be lawful Money of England. By his Royal Prerogative may of his meer Will and PleaAirei.Cww^rj cldjoum. Prorogue, Remove, and Dijfolve Parliaments-, may to any PHI paifedby both ifotifesof Parliaments, refufe to give (without rendring any reafon) His FoyalAJfent, without which a Bill is as a Body without a Soul. May at his pleafure encreaTe the number of the Members of both Houfes, by creating more Barons, and bellowing Pwf- ledges upon.any other Towns,, to fend Burgejfes to Parlkment. May call to Parliament; by Writ, whom .he in his Princely Wifdomthinkr of’ENG LAND. Si eth fit, and may refufe to fend his Writ to • fome others, -that have fate in^fortner Purlu-' mints, as was done frJm CaoU frimi. Hath alone the choice ani nomination of all Com- ■ manders, and other Oificers at Land anti Sea; the choice and nomination of all MigiUtutes,- Coimfellours, and officers of Suti'-, of all Bijhofs, ■ and other Dignities .in the Church--, the be- • llowing of all Honours, both of higher, and of lower Nobility of Enffii-d-, the-Power of de-- tetmining Sawiris an.-J Pu)ii(l-inaits,- By His Letters Patent, mayerett new Com- ■ ties, Vniverfti’s, Cities,-Bnroughs, Colleilges, Hof- fimls, Schools, Pairs, Marhsts, courts of fujiice ,. porejls, Chaces,.Pree-!'t'anens, .Stc- The King by his Prerogative hath Power to Enfranckife znJHen, and make him-a Denijon, - whereby he is enabled to-purchafe Hou'es and Lands,- and to bear fome Offices Hath Power ’ to grant Letters oP Mm or peprifal, to-grant •: Sife-CotiittPis, &c. ,- The .i(ing-by His-Prerogative hath had at aH - times- the Right of Vurveyinee, or Pre-emption of all forts of- Vidluals near the Court, and tp - take /Por[es,-Carts, Boats,-Ships, for his Carrs-' ages, at.reafonable Rates; alfo by Proclamati¬ on to fet ■ reafonable. Rates and Prices -upon Flejh, Fifi, Fotvl, Oats,-Bay, ■&c. which His-. MajedyKingCiartelLwas pleafed to-releafe, . and.in lieu -thereof-to accept of-fomenb£;/^ofj!e/can bind him,'not ^dmetit finaVmzWTUol ludgments entred againlt the Kings'^tle,. areentred with aSaiw fureVomm-^sU, Thafr if at any time the King’s Council at Law can ^ make out his Title better; .that Judgment ihall - not prejudice himj which is not-iiermittedto . the-Subjedt. . , , ■ .j ’. The King by his Prerogative might have ne-- ■ manded rcafonable Aii-Mo'/tey ofhis Subjects,•- tb Knight his eldelt Son at the age of Fifteen.:. and to Marry his eldelt Daughter at the age of v Sevenyears; which reafonableAid is Twenty Shiliings for every Knights Fee. and as'much for every Twenty .Pounds a year in Suceage. ■ Moreover; if the King be taken Prifoner.Aid- - Money is to be .paid by the Subjedls, to fet him i at liberty. TtiC'Kin^'upon I'ea.IbnsblecsufeSjHiinth^rc* * unto moving, may pwiiff aiiy.Man againlt Suit? ■ at.-L'aw',f5’f.'. . ■ In all cafeswheretheKingisfartyjHisOm-- cers withan-jfrriyJ.by force ofa ProcefsatLaw';^. may enter, and (if entrance be denied) may ■' break open .the^Houfe of any-Mari, although • ■' every Mans Houfeis Paid to be his CalHe, and-.i hath a Priviledge- to protedt.him againlt all ■ other Arrells.. .. a A Benefice or Spiritual Living ismtpm- - gkinll the-King bv.fe^iwf«« only,wittat./»Ai- - ftion, although it be lb "SamftaSubjedt None but the King can hold a good Plea of. falfe Judgments m the CouitsioE his Tenants. • 4,- £t!e:|)?£feiit' - The.King.of Tir.glindy by. Iiis Prerogative,-is Smmia R^gni Cult'os, ,aad hath the.cullody of the Perfons and Elfates of fucb, -as for want of; underbanding cannot govern, tliemfelves , ■ or ferye the Kingfo.the Perfons and Eliates of /- diots and UmiickjiXt in the cubody ofthe King,, that-of Uioisio his ownufe. and thatof Lum' totheufeof.thenext Heir.. Sothecuftody . of, Wardibipsof allfuch Infants, whofe Ance-. ilors had their Lands by Tenure m capiie, or, Knights-fervice, were ever fince the Conquelt in the King’s of Eagktid, to the great Honour. andEeneficof the hi-g and Kingdom; thougir fame abufes made fome of the People out of love., withtlieir good,and the.riglit of that.part ofhis^ jiilt Prerogative; The King by His Prerogativeis VhimiuHixnst Rggm, and is fas the,Gre,jt Ocean is of all Ri¬ vers) the Receptacle of a'll Eliates when no Heir, appears;.for thiscaufe, all Eliates for wantof Heirs,, or by Forfeiture, Revert or .Efcheat to, the King. All Spiritual Beat-fices for want of PrefentationbytheBilhop,. are lapfed at lab to , tlie King; All Tteafure-Tnve, (that is, Monty, Gold, Silver, f lat:, or Million, found, and the Owners unknown) belongs to the King; foalh Wayfs, Strays, u recky, not granted away by him, or any former Kings; all tr a/?e Ground ox Land recovered from the Sea; all Undot Aliens, dy¬ ing before ,.Afa(Hfa/;XatWM, or Denization, and all things, whereof the property is not known-. . All Goid'ixii Silver Mines, .jn whofe Ground fo- ever they are .fonnd; Royal Fipies,xts whales, , Sturgeons, Dolphins, kc. Royal Fowl, as Swans not mark’d, and fwimming at liberty .oa, the Rivcr,-be!oDgtothe King... In the Clmrch, th.c King’s Prerogative and ■ Pcwet is .extraordinary great. Hp only, hath ■> thee 8-5 er,.E,HGL:A:ND. tlift.Patronage of all Bipfricis , none can be- cliofen but by his Congt iTiJlire, whom he hath, finlt hotninated'; none can beeonfecratedMDf,. OE take poflelGon of the Revenues of the Bipp- rick, withoutthe King’s fpecial Writor Alfent.. He is the Guirdiin, or Nurfing Father of the- Church, which our Kings of EigUiti did reckonamonglt their principal cares, asinthe- Three and- twentieth year of King Edward the- Firll, itwas alledgedin a Pleading, and allow¬ ed.. The King hath powertu calla NaiisMl, or TrovinctjlSjitod', and with the. advice and con— fent thereof, to mal.*e Cams, Orders, Ordinances- and Corptwms-, to introdiiceintothe Church, ■what Ceremonies-he fliall think fit; reform and comS i\\’Heriftes,.Schips, punilh Contiaptr, &c.. and therein, and thereby to declare, wh-a t Doflrines in the^Churchare fitto be publithed orprofeffetl; vihzt rraeflatm of ihe Sihleioha allowed ; what Eoois of the Bible are camniCah and what Jpocrypkal, &c. The-Kinghath a Power, not only to unite, confolidate, feparate, enlarge, or contraift the limits of any old Bipprief, or other EcckpSft- «Cflew^cej-but-airo,.by His Letters Patents^ inay.-erjefl new Eipprkks, 3 s Henry the Eighth did’ fix at one time ; and the late King tiar/M the Martyr intended todo at St. Albans, for the honour of the fir.-t Martyr oh ungland, and for contraaing the too large extent of tbeBippri-i of Ehcoix -, may alfo erea new Archbippruks, Eatriar.chites,.ili(... In the Tw enty, Eighthof EfeaktS; when the Koufe of Gonimons would have palTed Bills touching Bilhops granting f.tcH/Ke.i-jConferring Holy Orders, BcckpapcalCenpes, the OathSic, Officio, m-Mdency, &c. The Queen, much incenfed,forbad them to meddle, in any Ecckp- Slt(d. 86- j?/w; affairs, forthatit belangedtoher Prero* gatLve. The King hath povrer to pardon theviolation 4 of EcdepifilealrLmsi or to abrogate fuch as are unfitting or ufelefs; to difpence with theo:igour of and.with any thing, that" is only etohib'mm ^ 'mUim per ucciiens, ® non ■ mal'Am in fej- As foraSay^ardtobeaPtf^^.for s-PrielHo hold mo--Benefices, or to fucceedhis- Fatherin-a Benefice, or ta hs.Non-Kefiiefit,iSc. For a- Bifhopr to hold: a vacant Bifhoprick; or other Ecckfiafticiil Bene^cem conmendmir-or^: Trnji. . Hath'Powerto difpence with: fome'.-^/7j of.' TntUmeni, Pbtii Stmtes, by Non-obfin»tesi ^ where- himfelf is only concerned, to moderate'- the rigour ofthe laws according to Espihy znd'^. covfcienee; to alter or fafpend any particular;- Law; that he' judgeth hurtful to the.cotnmoii-- melthi tograntfpecial Pthiledgc-sind-cbmers- toany Subjeft, to pardon-aMan, by Lawcon- demned.; to Interpret by his Judges, Statutes,, and in -Cafes not definad by Law^ to determine’ and-pafs Sentence. And-tfiis is that popilTrerogitiiie.vihkh in tha.- Handof aKing, is a-Scepterof Gold.) butinthe Handsof Siibjedfs. is a J(ed of Iron.. This is that ^jCore»«, a lawthatls- parcel-’ of the-.Lawof the Land; partofthexowwus- Ztjv, and contained in it; and hath the-prece- dence-ofallLawsand Culiomsofa^tedj and therefore void in Law is every Cultom,-. Oitw, exghetfein-Prxrogathm ‘J{egir. Some of thefe Prerogatives erneciallv-tliofe ■ thatrelate to-Julflce and Peace, a're foeiTential to Pppdtj, that they are for ever inherent in , thecCrown; and make the Crown; thev are,- , Jifc«lffiSun-beamsin.the 5lu:,and:asinfcparabli?. front-,; SS£.i.d '■"/'"""'“.“S, r and Commons STarlia- ' declared. That they could not affent ania ientto anythingthattended ■ of the King and the Crown,. _ were fwotn; noj though fire .itr And every King of DMorfu^itk,to his People, fo hers “ Cwfa ence obligeddo defend and maintain all theRites of- the Crowaia poffeflion, ,and f:! the recovery of «j whereof the Cr^^^ba* been difpoffell; and when any K'nghath notr^^ ligioufly obfcrved his duty m this point, bat . proved'oPvery'dreadflil confequence; as the, irll fatal.Blowtothe Church of Er^knd, was SSSiSSSeS /ferfcff obferves, ,A/i3. 8.) So tbe grea elfBlow that ever was given to .Oiurcband . State, was, when the late. King parting with his abfolute Power it'fthoughonly'ti’flitfiwce) to the TwoHoutes. ;/&ear/Andindeeditgreatly.concer^-. ail Subjeas-Cthough it far-more follicitous, thacthe King ^ould mam tein and defend his own .Prerogative and Pre. ■ eminence, than their Rights and bibertie a truth whereof wiH appearto any Man tbattadiy confulers the mrfchiefs-and inconveniences that tucelTarily follow the diminutiomof the ^igt Trer.omrJi. above all that can beeccafio^d by ■ feme particular infringements of the Libettiesi-Aisn the.otheride,it much M^e^feCcm^me King of England, to be very- careful of' we Subjedls-jult Liberties, according tO' that Golden Rule of the belt of Kings; CBJiUES the Firlt, That the IQrgs Prerogative it to defend m Peoples liberties, and. the Peoples, liberties^ J/rengtbfji-the Kings Prerogative, things are proper to Supreme- cjaniSo- Magifiratesi z^-Croms,.Scepters-, Purple %>he,. ncrtigntp. Golden Globe, and-%//have as long , appertained to the King of Knknd. as to any, otherPnncem£«r0/iej]ie hoidethnothi! King¬ dom in yaJfaVage, nor received) his Invellure or Inltalment from another. Acknowledgeth HO ^iiperioritj toany, but GOD only. Not to. the Emperour, for, Omem potefiatem-habet-Pex vfngltx tn Segno fuo qiiam Imperator vendkat in Jmperio-, and therefore the Crown oP England hath been declared in Parluments Jong ago to be- an Imperial Cro-!vji,znc] the King to be Fmperor of England zn-Mrehnd, and mightwearan Im- pmal crown, although he cboofeth rather to' were a Trimphant Crown ; fuel) as was antiently worn by the Emperors of ppm, and that, be-: caufehis Predeceflbrshavetiiumphed, not only over Five,Kings of Ireland, but alfo over the Vekh, Scotch, and Prcnch Kings... • He acknowledgeth only Precedence to the _ Emperor, Eo quod Kntiquiiatc Anperium omnia . S^na fnperare credimr. As the King.is ctWip«A(GFin the State,- fo he Ka.ppii-mmtyj©- in the church. .He acknow¬ ledgeth no Superioritp to the Bilbopof pome, whale long arrogated Kutkerit) in England was, . , One thoufand five hundred thirty five, in a full ■ Parliament, of. all the Loiis-spirml as well as < Tcmpopal,i, ef ENGLAND, declared null, and the King of Eiig- Uni declared to be by antient,Right, m all Cau- fes, over all Perfons, as well Ecclefiallical as Cm\, Simms Governor. The King is Summta torn Scclepte JngVicmx Ordwtfa,Supreme Ordinary in alltheDiocelles of EngUni, T his Superintendency over the whole Church hath the Tenihs and Firji mils of all Ecclelralfi- c'al Benefices. The King hath the Supreme Right of Patro* nage through all England, called Patronage Pa¬ ramount, over all the Ecclefiallical Benefices of 'EmUnd. ; fo that if the mean Patron asaforefaidy prefentnot in due time, • nor the Ordinary, nor Metropolitan, the Right of Prefentation comes to the King, beyond whom it cannot go.- The King is Lori Paramount, Supreme Landlord of all. the Lands of' EngUni-, and all landedMen are mediately, or immediately hisTenants, by foma Tenure or other: For np Man in EngUni, but the King, hath JMiiim y iiteBun Domkkrn, the foie and Independent Property or Bomaiu inanyiW. He thathath theFee, thejns per- peiuuni and Vlile Dommum, is obliged to a- duty to his Soveraign for it: foitis not lim-ply his otvn, he mull fwear Fealty to fome Superiour. The King is Summm Toths Ecgni AngUcaniJtf Piciarm, Supreme Judge, or Lori Chief JujUct of i\\ EngUni; He is theFountain from whence all Jultice is derived, no Subjedt having- here,. asinfMure, Haute MofennefS-haffe fupioe. He alone-hath 'the Sovereign power-in the Admini- ftration of jullice, and in.the execution-oP the law, and whatfoever Power is by him com- raittei 2i(;8 53jsf£iit §!t8C0 mitted to-others, the dernier refort is fiill re- ifl'ainin'g iff himfelf, fo that he may fit in'any Court,, and-take Cognizance oF anyeaufe,.Cas anciently Kings late in theCoutt, noiv .called the I^ngs Bench ; ffm)’ the Third in his court of Excheiiusr ; and Benry the Seventh; and King.'JhiiM Tometiraes'iffthe Jrar-ciaarierTex'- cept iff l-ci6nies, Treafons, i5f. v\herein'the King; being Plaintiff; and fo Party, he (its not perfonally in'.Ju'dgmant, butdoth perform itby Delegates. From the King of Br^/and there lies no Ap¬ peal in Ecclefiallical Affairs to the-Bifhop'of asiedoth in other Principal Kingdomsof Europe -, nor iff-Civil Affairs to the Emperor, as in fbrae of the Sptnifir, and other Dominions of ohrifenkm: nor in either to the- Pesple of Engltindi. (as'fdmeof late havodreamed) who, intiiefflfelves,. or by their ^p/eferit/itivesintlie Houfe of ComnroDSrin Parliament, were; ev^et Siihordmte.andneter Siiperiour, nor Co muchas’ co-ordinate totheKingof EngUnd, Thb'Kingbeing the-onlySoveraign, and'Su* premeHead, .isfurniihed'with-plenary Power,- Prerogative and JurifdiQion, to render Juffice: to every Member within his'Dominions; whero- • as fomeNeighbour Kings do want a-fullPower todo Juffice in all Caufes, to all their SubjeGs,. or tO'punifli all Crinres committed within;theiL': own Dominions, efpecially in Cmfes Ecckfii ejHcdl, Iffa word, Jngfk netnimm httkt-k fuU- detniniii Superkrem nec Purem, fedomm' fub illo. Hie fub ntdio nifi tantum luhSeo, d-quo'feoimduii: pofi' ijtiem pinius, ante omm & Juper-omes' (in: fuirdimiks) Deos^Sofnines. • of ENGLAND. 91 The Title of PH, or (?erfj,.plurally, isoften Phihhj. in Hojjimihb]’ Goihimfelf, attributed to Great Ftinces ; both becaufe as GodsVicih or_yice Pei upon Earth, they reprefent the Majefty and Vovierof theGoisf heivetisni Smh, and to the end, that the people might have fo much the higher edeem, and more reverend awful- nefs of them'; for if that fails, all' order fails, and thence all Impiety.sai CiUmh} follows in a Nation. ■ Frequently in the Civil-laxe thofe Divine Titles, Numeti, Otmlutn, SncmiJUms, !Sc, were given to the Emperours: moreover, ,the fub* ftance of the Titles of Godwasuled by thean- tientChrillian Emperours,-asDivaito* wfitiPS- JStemtu wfira, ng Eimrd the cpnfejjfir,, that is, to remavp, . and.to cure the SiT.m.n or Scrofula, that liuh- born DifeaCe, commonly called the . Evil. Which manifell CureisaferibedbyTome Ma¬ lignant tothe powerof Fancy, and exalted Imagination; but what can that con¬ tribute to fmall Infants, svhereof greatnumbers are cured every year 1 .The manner of the cure is'bi'iefiythus. ' 96 . K,\)t gitate Upon certain days aimoft every week.fo long as the cold Seafons laft, His Majedy is graciouHy' pleafed to permit all the fick of that Difeafe, to be brought into His Royal Prefence, after they have been carefully viewed and allowed by His Majefties Surgeons; then there is an appointed fiiortFormof DivineSetike, wherein are read f befide fome fhort Prayers, pertinent to the oc- calion) two portions of Scripture, taken out of the Gofpel, and at thefe words, [They fuU Uy their lands on the and they Jhall recover] the King gently draws both his hands over the fore of the lick perfon; and thofe words are repeat¬ ed at the touch of every one , Again, At thefe words, [That Li^ht was the true light, which Lighteth every Man that cometh into theworld] pertinently ufed, if it be conli- dered, that that Light did never (bine more comfortably, if not more vilibly, than in the healing of fo many leprous and lick perfons. At thefe words, the King putteth about the neck of each fick perfon, a piece of Gold, called (from the Impreflionj an Angel, being in value about two Thirds of a French Pillol, or ten Shillings Sterling, Fefpecl-. In csnfideration of thefe, and other tranfcen- ' dent Excellencies, no K ing in Chrillendom, nor 'Other Potentate, receives from his Subjefts more lievcrence, Honour and ^fpeH, than the King of England. All his People at their fiili AddrelTes kneel to him; He is at all times fer- ■ ved upon the Kfiee; all Perfons (not the Prince, or other Heir apparent exceptedj Rand bare in ■ the Prefence of the King, and in the Prefence- Chamber, (though in the Kings abfence;) all ' Men are not only bare,- but alfo do, or ought to do reverence to the Chair of -State, Only it ■ -- was 97 of E N G L A N D. wai once iu-lulgetl l)y Qiieen Mmy, for fome eminent Services performed by hemy Earl of Sufex, that.(by PatentJ he might at anytime be covered in her Prefence; but per¬ haps in imitation of the like liberty allowed by King Philij) her Htisband, and other Kings of Spin at this day, to lome of the principal Nobility, there called Crmiees of Spm, Any thing or Aft done in the King’s Pre- fence, is pvefumed to be void of all deceit, and evil meaning; and therefore a Fine levied in the King’s Court, where tlie King is pre¬ fumed to be prefent, doth bin:! a Feme Coven, a Married Woman, and others, whom ordina¬ rily the Law doth difable to tranfaft. The King’s only Teliimonyof anything done in his Prefence, isof as high a nature and cre¬ dit, as any P^cord ; and in all mils fent forth for the difpatch of ^ufiiee, he nfeth no otlror WitnefsButhimfelf, viz. Ttfiemdyfo, e H A P. V. of Succejfiofi to the Cron-n of Eng¬ land, of the Kj»fs Mnonty^ Incafiicity, and Ahfence, T He King of EngUnd hath right to the Crown by Iderhme, and the Laws and Cnltoms of Engl/md. Uponithe death of the King, the nextof kin¬ dred, though born out of theDominionsofa^- htid, or born of Parents, not Subjefts of Eng- Imd, as, by the I,aw, and many examples in the 9? m:\ft ^tate Ej^Iip Bi/lories, it doth manifellly appear, is, and is immediately King, before any Pwc 7 «»w- ■ iion, comiiion, Publiutm, orconfcntof Peew or Feopk. The Crown of Englini defends from Father t*Son, and his Heirs; for want of Sons, to the eldell Daughter and her Heirs: for want of Daughter, to the Brother and his Heirs: and for want of Brother, to the Siller and her Heirs. The Salque Laxo^ or rather cuftom of Frawe, hath here no more force, than it had antiently among the Jewr, or now in Spah, and other Chriitian Hereditary Kingdoms. Among Twr^j and Bartarkfis, that French cullom is Hill, and ever was in ufe. In cafe of defcent of the Crown (contrary to the cuftom of the defcent of the Eftates among Subjeifts) the Half Blood ftiall inherit, fo from King Edward the Sixth, the Crown and Crown- Lands defended to Queen Marp of th^ Half Blood, and again to Queen Elizabeth of the Half Blood, to the laft PoflelTor. At the death of every King, dienot only the Offices of the Court, but all Commiffions grant¬ ed to the Judges durante beneplacito, and of all Jurtices of Peace. Minority. During the Minority of the King of England, whatfoever is enafled in Parliament, he may, afterwards, attheageof 24 revoke, and utter¬ ly null by his Letters Patents, under his Great Seal, andthisbyJMt.28 Af,8.f.i7. If the King be likely to leave his Crown to.an Infant, he doth ufually by 'leftament, appoint the perfon or perfons that lhall have the tuition of him; and fometimes for want of fuch ap¬ pointment, a fit perfon of the Nobility or Bi- fliops is made choice of by the thfee^States af- fembled in the name of the Infant King, who, by 99 of E N G L A N D. by Nature or Alliance hath luotl interell: in the wefervation of the Life and Authority of the Infant, and to whom leall benefit can accrue by his death or Diminution; as the Uncle by the mxbtiMc, if the Crown come by the FJtkir, and fo wee wrfi, is made Proteftor;. So du¬ ring the Minoiity of FJmrd the Sixth, his Un¬ cle by the Mothers fide, the Duke of Somerfei, hadtheTuitionofhira.andwascalleclProteaor; and when this Rule hath not been obferyed (as in the Minority of Edward the Fijth) it hath proved of ill confequenee. If the King of England be FTon compos mintU- Unpint)- or by reafon of an incurable Difeafe, Weaknefs., or Old Age, become uncapable of Governing, tlienismadea ixouRor, or Gmdian to ^ King Edward the Third, being at lafi aged, fick and weak, and, by grief, lor tlie death of the Blach Erince^ fore broken in Bodv and Mind, did, of his own Will, create his Fourth Son, ^ohn Duke oP Lancoicr, Guardian, or Regent of England, If theKingbe abfentugon any Foreign Rxpe- dition, orotherwife, (which anciently was ve¬ ry ufual) thccullomwasto conhitute a Ficegi- rent by Commilfion, under the great Seal, giving him feveralTitles and Powers, accordingasthe neceffityof all airs have required; fpmeiimeUie hath been called Lord nrdsn, or LordKeoprr of the Kingdom, and therewith hath had the gene¬ ral pVwcrof a King, as was praflifed, during t: e abfence of Edward tl;e Firft, Second, and Third, and of Benrp the Fifth; but UentL the Sixth, to the Title of Wards i or Guardian,idded the Stile of Froteilor of the Kingdom, and of the p 2 Churck ICO f^tatc Church of nt:gla>!d,anii gavehim fo great Power ■inhisabfence.thathewas mtumnon^x, fway- ing the Scefifr.but not wearing the Crown; ex¬ ecuting Lan s/ummoning Parliamentsunrter his own Tejle, as King, and giving his aflentto Bills in Parliament, whereby they .became as binding as any other Afls. Sometimes during the King’s abfence, the Kingdom hath been committed to thecare of fe- ■verai Noblemen, and fometiraes of Bifhops, as lefs dangerous for attempting any Ufurpation of the Crown: fometimes to one Bilhop, as Ha- few Archbifliopof Crfwer&ty was Vice-Roy of tnglui for many years; and when Edmiri the Third wasinf/ittidcM, though his Son, thenbut nine years old, had thenameof ^ohn Stratford, Archbilhop of canterbury, was Gover- noiirbothof the King’s Son, and of the Realm; foK.A'exry the Firft, during his abfencc, (which was fometimes three or four years together)uru- ally conliituted Roger, that famous Bifhop of Siiitbury, foie Governour of the Realm, a Man excellently qualified for Government. Laltly, fometimes the Queen, astwofeveral times, daring the abfence of mry the Eighth in France. CHAP. VL The Queen of ENGLAND. T He ^een, fo called from the Saxon'S^- nmgk, whereof the lall Syllable is pro¬ nounced by Foreigners, isgbeen in EngUp), it being not unufual to cutoff the firft Syllables, as Cf ENGLAND. loi as is rometimes called aii;u/,f.om: Hofiml, and Easier from . ,, ■ She hath as high Prerogatives, Dignit!,, anJ State, during die life of the King, as any Queen- of Europe. • * From-the Sawn times the Qjeen £«^iad,though.lhe lie an ° duringthe life of the Kmg^ Pa - (asour Law rpeaks) yet without ariyAfton liament for T^amrateatwn, or better Face ts :for Deukation, fte may purebafe Lands in f ;- simple ,Leafes and Grants in her ow n. , without the King, hath power to gi ve, to hu , tocontraft, as a Feme-fok may . from her Husband, which no other Femc-Coo. i ’"am may prefent. by her Self, to a Spiritual Benefice; and in a ^a« impsdit, brought b^ herPlenatv by tlmprefentation of another is no-more: a Bar.againll her, than iMs aoUinil *She'S notbeamerced, if'lhebeNon-fuitcd: in any A6don,(2)f. HaLntiently a Revenue of “ Jurim tew.*, as the Records call it, which was the tenth Ftt of fo much, as by the nam^f Oilata upon Pardons, Gifts, and Grants,f. '^^Of latter times hath had as-large Cower, as- any Quoen-in Chriftendorn; hath her Royal Court apart, her Courts and OfEcets. e^c. The Queen may not be impleaded till firlt petitioned-, if IhebePlaintifiF, theSumtnjsm rte Procefs need not to have the Solemnity of ’^Is^repute'd the fecond Perfon in the. Xing- toz ■ ^jeCcnt . The Law Tettech fo high a value upon her, as to make it S/^h Treafin to confpire her death, or to violate her Chaifity. . Her Officers, as Attomy and Soliic'mr, for the Queens fake, have refpeft above others, and place within the Bar with the King’s Council. ■Hie like Honour, the like Reverence and Re- fpectthatisduetothe King, is exhibited to the Qiieen, both by SubjeSs and Foreigners; and allb to the Qiieen-Dowager, or Widow-Queen, whoalfo, above other Subje&, lofethnother Dignity,though (he (hould marry a privateGen- tleman; fo C^een Catheme, Widow to King Henry the Fifth, being married to Owen apTheo- dare Enquire, did maintain her AiSionas Queen of Et^hni; mu h lefs doth a Qjeen bv Inheri¬ tance, or a Qiieen Sovereign of Enghnd, follow „ her Husbands condition, nor is fubjedl as other Qiieens -, but Sovereign to her own Husband, fis Queen mry was to King Philip. CHAP. VII. . Of theSpnsaniDaKphtersofEHG- LAND., T He Children of the King of England, are called the Sons and Daughters of Eng- Und ; becanfeaU the Subjefls oP England. have a fpecial intereh in them, though the whole power of Education, Marriage, and tlifpoflng of them, is only in. the King. The ofENGLAl^D. 103 TheelileftSonof'che King, is born Dube of Elic/lSon. ' Cornml-, and, as to that Dutchy, and all tlie lands, Honours, Rents, and great Rere.iues be¬ longing thereunto, he is upon his Birth day pre¬ fumed, and by law taken to be of full age, fo that he may that day fue for the Livery of the faid Dukedom, and ought of right to obtain the fame,'as if he had been full 21 years of age, Af- _terwards he is created Prince of mks, whole Invciliturs is performed by the Impofition of a -Cup of Efim, and Coromton his Head, as a To¬ ken of Principality, and putting into his hand a Verge of Gold, the Emblem of Government, and a i(i)!^of Goli on his Finger, to intimate, that he mull’ be a Husband to his Country, and Father to her Children.. Alfo to him is given and granted Let'ers Patents, to hpld the faid Principality, to him and his Heirs, Kings of Etg. hid, by which words, the reparation of this Principality is for ever avoidedhis Mantle which he wears in Parliament,' is once more doubled, or hath one Guard more tiran a Dukes, and his Coronet of Cnfies and Eiomr-de-iuces, and his Cap of State indented; Since our prefenr King’s happy Reftauration, it was folemnly ordered, that the Son and Heir aiHiarentoP the Crown of Etgkiid, (hallureand bear his Coronet of crofis and- Ekmer-de-luces with one Arch, and in the midll a Ra//and Crs/r, as hath the Royal Dudem. That the Duke of rotk, and all the immediate Sons^'and Brothers of the Kings of Eji^l.rad^ (hall ufc and bear their. Coronets, compofed of era fits and Flower de- lucesonly, but all their Sons refpeflirely,having the Title of D'ukes, fliall bear and life fuel) Co¬ ronets, as other Dukes, who are not of the, Epjil Fmil},. 104. Pjjfe From the .lay of his Birth, he is commonly il’it • je Prince, a Title in ETJglijijd ziycn Co no. otne; oubjeft. The Title of Prince of mies is nntient, and was firfi given by King Khv^rdths Pirit, to his eldeft Son; for the Welfh Nation, till that time, unwilling to fubmitto the Yoke of Irrangers, that King fo ordered, tliat his Queen was delivered of her firft Child in aer- demanded of Ei’.e ifeijn, as foine affirm, Ij- they would be cott¬ ier,t to lubjelithemfslves to OTteof tMrdwtir^iam, tbitcouldmfpea^oee word'of Englifh, WitMwtf ioiojeltfetieji ittMtibeno M exception. W'rxte- Nmnina. ten tois his new-born Son, and afterwards crea¬ ted him Prince of nafo, and bellowed on him all tiie Lane s. Honours, and Revenues, belonging to the faid Principality. ® The Prince hath ever fince been ftiled Prince o. r/Wfr, Duke of .dquhoU and Cornwitl, mi Earl of che/ler and Flint, which Earldoms are always conferred upon him by Letters Patent. rff 2nd Seotland. his Title hath been A/n£n,n BrkimiM Frincept, but «ore ordinarily the Prince of Wales. As eldeft Son to the King oF Scotland, he is Duke of ^otbfay, and Senefchal of Scotland from his The King of eldeft Son ffo long as in their hands) was alw-ays filled Duke of M)ri»i#iy. ^ Antiently the Princes Arms of Wales, whilft ftey were Sovereigns, bme guatterly Gules, and Or, four Lyons paptisgardantcouniercbarpei. ^ T^lie Arms of the Prince of Wales at this day, ffiffer from th^e of the King, only by addition ot a libel, of three Point.-, charged with nine rortmx, andtheDevice.of the Prince is o ' Co-' ENGLAND; tc^S Eof B^mia, f«ving there under the fr wfe Kin| and there llain by Eimd . Ihce worn by the Princes of ti’alesy and by the. vulgar called the Brimes Atm. ■ The Prince, in our-Law, -is rep^d as the fame perfon with the King, and ^ a Statute o? Nemy the Eighth. CcwJcat cwM rrimcfi (fay our larvyers) ',4 far, .e? cen/««r mu f"/iiM ««- ?/«*• A"® , .C»s ray, the- King’s eldelt bon.may be, lined a King. ; He hath certain priviledges- above .other - ^ To imagine tlie.death of late'.the W(ife of the.-Prince, rs-made. "^'ilath th'’refore had iprivile^e oftoung a.; ■ TumyoT', and taking-Pwrogiiwe as the K >0& To retain and qualifieasmany Cfcaftetashe.. ^^Tathfpdnce, attheage of ij> tain Aid of Money fronaallthe KingsTmntSi. and all that held of him m service, and Frec-Seccse, ‘of aK-ehinra hni^.t. ^ Yet as the Prince in.Nature is a.d ftinif perfoa from the King; To m- Law a fo , m rome Cafes, he is a Sublet, holdeth Ins 1 ri^ cipalities and Seignones of the Kmg. i’' thefame refpeftto the King, as.othet Sub|edts do.- ■ the- lad f:]&t#jsfent irvsnimi. The Revenues belongingto the Prlncei Ijnca much of the Lands and Deraefns of that Diichj have been* alienated, are efpecially out of the Tim-Mines iti'Cornml, which with all other Profits of that Dnchjfj amount' yearly to the fum of 14000/. The Revenues- of tire Principality of Wales , lurvey’d three- hundred years ago, was above 4680/. yearly; a rich Ellate, according to tlw value of Money in thofe days.. At prelent his .whole Revenues-may amount to about 20000 /. Till the Prince come to,be 14 years old, all things belonging to the Princijja'lity of-'Wales. were wont to be difpofed of by CommilRmers,, confiliing of tome principal Perfons of the Cler¬ gy and Nobility. ; GadeiSy Cadets, yoiinger'Sons of England; are createdtnot bornjDiikes or Earls,of what I laces. or Titles the King pleafeth.. They have no iemiiuJppanagesyZs in Franse, but only what the good pleafure of the-King be- Itowsuponthe'tiK ' AH'the King’s Sons are Confiliaritvati; by- Birth-right, Counfellors of State, thatfo they may growup iatheweightyaffair-softhe King¬ dom. The Daughters of England sre-IUkd Prin-- celies, .theeldeftof which hadany^/ 4 , oi^ certain Rate of-Money paid by every Teriimt-incapdte,. E^igks-fervke and Socage,- towards-hep-Dowry ■ or .Marriage-Portion; and-to violstoiher-un¬ married, is High-Treafon-atthisday. ' .* To all'rhe King’s Children- belong the Title of ^yal Highnefs-, all' Subjedis are to be uncovered- ia. their-prefence, to. kneel when they are-ad¬ mitted- of ENGLAND. need’not have the folemnity of 15 days. ''SKingvIns, Grandfons, Btotes'. Uncles, anclNephewsof the-Kmg.arc.bj • 8 to precede others in'£»iteA- It is ■ 'true, svord Gm^Jon.ism ■ ters of the King, after they are acknowledge , ^^TheTear what Sirname th.e J’ . givethem, and'for Arnss^£ E .f-; with a.BuSiw, or a Bcrder GoflW«»y . SjJhtvfacEvS^^^ ' •^"SrC^b^'l^ftS-^'vetthanSbc.- ElizihethBIoum, named -"Mri y, . !al>-/ti, and Jiuitm. - ■an h W- CHAR VIIE ajf ih&pref€}it:KJNG < England,., md jherem of His Nme^ Sir- • GtmAlbgy.^ Birth, Baptifw, Saurty Edttcutm, Refiauntion,, Marriage, 3fe. T HeKing now.Reigning,JsfH^JiEJthc- Second of that Name, HisName.of Bap* tifin, Charles, in the German- Tongue, liguifies-- one of a^Wi?yf«//a;ltfengthor Virtue. 5, _ The Royal, and alfothe moS Princely and an- - tientFamiliesof Europe, atthis-dayj have'pro- perly no Sitnmes-, for neither is Sdurhon the- Sirname, but the Title of the Roydl Family Of Fmcp nor Jufirii of Spain, nor smart vBEna- /«,lince the coining in^of King fames,nome. odore, or Tudor, for his five immediate-Anceflors- la England-, nor Plantagcnet, (or eleveir Succef- Jions before, as fome vainly think: for although Geoffrey Duke of alnjou, was Sirnained Plumage- from a Broom-fialh, commonly worn in his Bonnet, yet his Son, Afenry the Second, King of England,, was Sirnamed Fitz-Emprefs,-and his ' Son pichard, C^ur de Lyon. So Ozoen, Grand¬ father to King/Zm; the Seventh, vmsapMeri- fi'w, andheap viradore,.pronounced rrZer,.Sir- names being then but little in-ufe aniongil the Carniro Britans. So Walter, FatJier to l-oben,. King of Scotland, fronnvhom our prefent King is clefcended, was, only by Office, Grand Senef- - cbal, or High Steward, or Stuart of Scotland; though of ENG li AN-O-. , , io? ttoiighof latertimes, bya tong vulgarerroun ir-hath fo prevailed, ifis^accoimted tte Sr-name of many Families,, defcended from iS‘a Contraflion from the j«oawerd Stedewtrd ; thatis,, in X-ttte, ffdwli,Lieutenant,becaufe the.Lord High Stew- ard waa-Regiflocum tetim, a Name anv King, wh'o h-DsilocumteneK, God aitnart, or Lieutenant, or Vicegerent upon Earth. Our Sovereign Lord the King now Reigning, Cenali' ■is-Son to King cUrks theMartyr.and thePrm-. cefs Bimktu Mirk, Daughter of King Hea^ Great; of ; • from which two RoyalbMfiKS, hehath in his Veins; tome of all the Royal Blood of BiMfeconcentred.. r „ r « Is defcended lineally and lawfully frm. the Bntiji, Smn, Ditiijh,No'rmit, iridScotiJh.Kasfi- and Princes of this Ifland. , . . From the MStitip Kings, the: 13916 Mo- narch; from.the Scotijh, in a continued fuccel- fion. foralmoft 2000 years,'the 1C9:6; frmn the suxon, t:/. 4 * 4 ! and from the firft of the Norm^ft Lim theafiii.Kjng. So that fpr wyal.: Estraflion, anddong Line of jiilt d'efcent, Majefty now Reigning excells all fteMonirchs ofairtheC'hriftian,ifnDtof the whole World. Is the fiflt Prince of Gfeit Btitm to born, and hath in pofleffion larger Dominions than, any of His Ancellors. He was born the 2916 of Mif i'“‘^50 years of jge, hi entred mto legdcn, was there received^ with the greatefl and molt univerfal Joy, Acclamati- Magnificence,that could peffibly be ex- - preit in folhort warning, ■ —MV iijumpn tromthe Towert on thenextday, being St. Gioraes, edwithgreat Ceremony. *dared to his to.iVarrythe Mum ofPOTfga; who.accordinglyip Atay.idda, be^ {•“'led atwas there erpoiifed to Skldan then Bilhonof who:was aftenvard Archbifliop of cm- h been full bf wonders, nwi * ^^Petially feem miraculous, at his Birth a bright Star was feeh over Him- tf ENGLAND. HimatNoou-day, byrnanythGufands. Second¬ ly, hisefcapein, and-afterthe Battel of j?er,.when being in'the very heart of forfakenbyall, afumofMoney, bypublickACt, promifed.tothofethat aoulddifcoyer hit^ m penaltyof High-Treafdft to any one that fliould conceal him; when he was feen and knoup to many perfons, ofall forts and conditions, wner^ of divers were very indigent, and fo very mb]ett to be tempted with the propofed Reward, ancl ■divers of the Female Sex, and'fo moll unapt .to retain a Secret; when he vras neceffitated to wait fo many weeks, and appear,in fo maay Tlacesand companies, before a fitopportuni^ of Tranfportation could be found. Third y; His MaielHes Reflauration, (qml>pe imfoJItbitejmtFtj Vtmm Precttthmm, tot uctpmmm, & tot mulorum periiffe) that.after.ro many 5'ears dil‘ poffeffion, his moft inveterate, potent, fubtile 'CTemies, in full and quiet poffeffonj ona fud* den, the defire of him, fliould, like Lightning, or a mighty torrent, run over all Englisd in fuch a manner, that he fliould be folemnly invited, magnificently condufted, triumphant¬ ly received, without. Blood, Blows, Bargain, or Obligation to any Foreign Prince or Pd* tentate. , „ r t This wat tie lords doing, itti mvfi fir ever is marvelous in our Eyes. His Majefly hath divers Natural Sons,all Edu¬ cated and fitted for Martial Impleyment both by Sea and Land, who may one day be of great Ufeand Ornament to this Natron. C H ,*1P. M4 lEkt Pjjfent jSitatfi C H A P. IX. Of the pre[e»t Queen of England. cathj1I{ISA ~ inf mu of Tot- tiigA, being Queen Confort of England, and the Second Perfon in the Kingdom, was Daughter of Don fuun the Fourth of that name, ,King of fottugal, defcended from eur ,F.ngli(l> fohn of Gaunt, Duke of UncaSier, and King of CaSlUe-, oltA Leon, Fourth Son of Ehokti tlie Third, King of England-, and of Donna Lucia, Z>aughter of Don Guzman el Biteno^z 'Sfanhrd, Duke of Medina Sidonk^.-viho'-vias lineally del- cended from Firdmndode la eerie,.znd'hisCoar fort Blanche, to whom St. Z'eiew'Kingof France her Father, relinquilhed-his Right arid .Title to Spain, defcended to him by his Mother Blanche, Eldelf Daughter and Heir o^Alphonfo the Spanilh King. • She was bornthe iphof FTovemhen6^2,^ at PrillaVichfaiaTortugjl-, She was Baptized Cj- TLlAliljVA,'Ggniifmg in GreeiPV l^E,. her Eatlier being then Duke of Sraganza, (though right Heir of the Crown of Portugal) the molt Potent Subjeft in Europe ; for a third part of Smugal was then holdenof him in VafTallage ; and is only Siller at prefeat of Don Alpknjo, the Sixth of that name,and the Three and twentieth King of Portugal, who in the year 1657, was dethroned, and kept Prifoner in Portugal for (brae time, from whence he was fent to the Tercera Iflands, where he was under confinement fur certain years, and tlien brought back and kept of ENGLAND. ' kept in the Palace ofCwtr^ near about.i'j; miles ■fromZHie*. where this pxcient yeari6S3, he died. His Brother the Prince Pom mrd, born in the year 1648, the prefent King, was afte^ his Brothers removal made Prince Regent of ■Portml, and Married to the Queen,his Brothers wife lifter her divorce, by whom he hath one Daughter living. . , , „ Had another Brother called Don Tbeodgjio, theEldell'onof thatKihg, who was. the molt gallant and hopeful Prince of,all ^rffOfOjbut died ids a, aged about 18 years, yet his Life thought worthy to be written by divers grave Authors of Pormal. . _ . ‘ ■ Having been moil carefully and pioully edu¬ cated by her Mother, and at the age of 22 de- fired in Marriage by King CHARLES the Se- cond,and the Marriage not long afterconclud^ by tire Negotiation of Sir picjMtdFitnpiiiw his MajeftiesAmbaflador in the Court of and Don Frucefco dc Mdo.Conde de PoM, MttmiU de Simde, the Extraordinary Ambafla- dorof the King of Pomgd, and folemnized at ■LUbon by his Excellency the Earl of Smdwcb: :She embarkt for F^sUnd upon the 23 oFApH 1667. beingthe Feltivalof St. Patron aswell of pi)rt((gaias£)gtod,andwas fafely,by the -Earl'of JaMilwVft condudted byaS|uadron of Ships.to Portfmomb, where the King nrlt met her, and was re-married. On the23of^«^«/1662. her Majeliy com¬ ing by Water from Hm^m-Comt, was, with great Pomp and Magnificence, firlt received by the Lord Mayor, and Aldermen of Zraioa at Cbelfe^, and thence condudted by Water to ghhs-bnJh • ii'<5 . £|je fjefent jgitate ■ The Portion brought wicli her, was Eight hundred Millions, of or two Millions of Crufitdo\ bejng aijoiic three hundred thonfand ■Pounds, 5 t»/i^, together with that important place of r«)g;er upon the Coalf and the Be of ^mbtiim near G «4 inthe Enfi-hiks, avith a Priviledge, that any.Subjefts of the Xiog-of jEngimi may Trade freely in the Ei^ and mfi Indu Plantations, ■ belonging to the Smaguefet. ' • HerMdjeiiies Joynture/ty tlie Articles Of Marriage, is Thirty thpnfanri Pounds 'Suiting fer Annum-, aiid the King, out of Hisgreat'af- /eflion toward her, hath, as an. Addition, fet> Jed- upon her loooo J- per Ann-um, . TheQueens Arms, as Daughter of Torttgdt;. are Argent Scutcheans, Azurt crofs mfe, each Scuteieon charged with 5 Pkter Argent Sailter- wye, with a Point Stthle. The Border Ga/er; fharged with 7 CdJUes, Or, This Coat w-as^&ft- worn by the Kings of Portugal, in memory of a. iignal Battel obtained by the firft King .of Por-r tugih Don , againll five Kings of the before which Battel appeared clrifi Crucified in the Air, and a voice heard, as once to cofifiMinethe Great, in ho ffgnovinies, Be-- fore the Portugal Army were Argent a crots 4 zute. Queen cAthAeJNEk a Perfonage of rare^Perfedfions of Mind and Body, of emi- wnt Piety, Modefty, and many othereminenti CHAP; 117 Of tk Ute Queen-Mother. T H E third Perfon in the Kingdom, wai the Hematn-m m deBonrbonr Daughter to the Great King Hatn the Fourth, Silter to the Juil Kjng Xeww the Thirteenth. Wife to the Glorieiw King Chaties the Firft. Mother tomir Gracious Soveraign King cbarks the Second, and Aunt, to the prefent Puiffant King, Lew the Four-. ^^^She was born the i6tJ of November ; Married firfl at Noflti-Dme in Vm by Proxy, 1625. and ftortly after, in the month of J««e, arri¬ ving at Dover, was at cmerbury efpoufed to King Chirks the Firft. In the year 162?. was delivered of her Firft-born , a Son that died Shortly after. In 1630. of her Second,our pre¬ fent Sovereign, whom God, long preferve. Iti 1631. of her Third, Mnry, the late I’rtna& Orme. aLadyof admirable Virtues, who had thehappinefs to fee the King her Brother re- ftored, fix or feven months before her death. In 1633. of her Fourth, fmes, now Duke ot rotk. In i6i<.of her Fifth, raxaeA Ehzibtth, whobeinga Princefsof incomparable Abilities and Virtues, died for grief, foon after the Mur- therofher Father. In idad.'of her Sixth, na¬ med Anu, who died young. In theyear 1640, of her Seventh Child, Hemy of Oalai, de- foned Duke of Ghucejler, who lived till above Twenty, being mod excellently accomplilhed in all Princely Endowments, died four months after the Rellauration of the King. In the year 1044. I I8 jCljc §)tate 1644. ofher Eighth, the l.zA'j Uemmu, Jate Dutchefs of Orkm ., ■ - • . In theyeari(54i. ’HerMajelfy forefeeingthe enfiiing liorm of Rebellion, and .feeing the grounrtlefs Oiirnn raiftd a Iready aga inft her Roy¬ al rerfon, ti.mely withdrew her ftlf, with her eldeft Daughter, .(then newly Married to Prince Wilium, onlyfonto/i^Mry Prjnceof Omgt) in¬ to Holland, wlience, in 1643. after a molt furi¬ ous Itbrmj and barbarous fierce purfuit of the Engli^ Rebels at m, (he landed at Barlkgton- Bi), with Men,’ Money, apd Ammunition, and foon after with a confiderable Army met the King it Edgs-HiU, and thence was conduited to Oxford. In A}ril 1644. marching with competent For¬ ces from Oxford, towards nxeter, at Abbingten took her lall ftrewel of the King, whom Ihe never faw again. In filly following, embark’d at Fender,nu-ca- file, Ibe failed into France, where, entertained at the charges ofher Nephew the prefent King of France, Ihe palled a folitary retired life,until the month of October 1660. w’hen upon the Re- •llauration of her Son to the Crown of England, Ihe came to London, and having fetled her Re¬ venues here, (he went again with her youngeft . Daughter the Lady Benrietta into France, to fee her Efpoufed to the then Duke of Aniou, now of Orleans ; and in the month of fulj 1662. being returned into England, fhs fetled her Court at Somerfet-Hoiije, where (he continued till May 1665. then croffed the Seas again, and did ever after continue in France, her Native Country, till her death. Sheiieeded no other Charafler than what is found in the Seventh Chapter of that inimitable Book, compiled by Himthat knew her bell.' CHAP. c£ ENGLAND. ”9- CHAP, XL of the prefent Princes, Prm* ■ celTes ojfthe Blool a»dfir(i of his Royal Highnefs James Duke of York. T Kefirft Prince of the Blood (in cal¬ led mpeuT [m qmve) is the raott IlUi- ftrious Prince ymes Duke of rarl^,Second Son to King chirksthe Martyr,and only Brother to the prefent King our Sovereign. He was Born oSoA 14-1633- and forthwitn Proclaimed at the Court gates Duke of Tori, the 24 ti of the fame month was Baptized, and afterwards committed to the Government of the then Counters of Z>or/et. Theayof Jauwr; 1643. at Ox/ur 4 was Crea¬ ted by Letters rmms Duke of I'or^, (though called fo by fpecial Command from his Birth) ■without thofe Solemnities (the Iniquity of the times not admitting thereof) thatwereufedto the King his Father idos, when being fecond Son to King Jawfi.and fo Duke oiA’hmj in Scot- Utid, was created Duke of with the pre¬ ceding folemn Creation of divers youag Noble¬ men, to be Knights of the Bath, and the Robes of State put upon him, the Cap or State on lus Head, and the Golden Rod into his hand, the Prime Nobility, and the Heralds alTiliing at that Ceremony. After the furrender ofOx/cri/.his Royal High¬ nefs wasin 1646, conveyed to London by the then prevailing difloyal part of the two Houfes of Parliament, and committ.'d, with his Brother Cloucept, jio Mats GJoucefier, and Sifter Mlkdeth, to the care of the'Bitl of ifertkimterlitml. In 1648. aged about 15 ,wa!,by Coionel BAmp- feJA; conveyed in a DirguifejOrHabit of a Girl, beyond Sea, fti,ft to bis Sitter,the-lVintefs Royal otordageia A’ff&»i/,and afterward to tlie Queen bis Mother, then at Per*, where he was are- fully educated in the Religion of the Church of EngUjid, and in all Exercifes meet for fuch a Prince. * Abouttheageof 20m Fnvce, wentintothe Cdmpjgne, and ferved with much Gallantry,-un¬ der tliat Great Commander, the thenProtefiarit Munjcbil ie Tirreeae/or the freafi King,a§ainlf the syear}!) Forces in Fknderr, Notwithllanding which, upon a Treaty be¬ tween the Fnnch K'mg, and Cromwel, in 1655. being obliged with all bis Retinue to leave the: Frencb Dominions, and invited into Flanders by.^ Don J'KMof Anfirk, he there fen-ed under him againlltheFreaciKing, then Leagued with the £«glijl) Rebels againlt Spain, where his dtoai- tiimiiy, and JJexteriiy in Martial Affairs (though unfuccesful) were very eminent. In the year 1660. came over with the King into England, and being Lord High Admiral, in the year 1665. in the War again!! the Vnitei States of the Netherlands, commanded in Perfon the whole Fpyal Nani)' on the Seas, between la»d and Holland, where, with incomparable Va¬ lour, and extraordinary hazard of his own Royal Perfon, afteramoft fliafp difpute, heobtained a Signal f'iSory over the whole Dutch Fleet, com¬ manded by Admiral Opdam, svho perifht with his own, and many more Dmi Sbipsin that’ In of E N*G'L-AN 0. li'i la the yeat \6^^■ in^a -Second War againft ■ iV-etJfftofc he again tommanded the v/hdl^-miifFleeti and-put the- mem flight, ■ after a longand fierce-Fight, with exceeding- great'peril W'his Life. , , . He Marriedthe Eldell Daughter of Sdmrd Earl o^cUmion, late Lord High Chan¬ cellor of E«^to((,'by whom hehath had-a nu¬ merous Iffue. _ , r c ^ , Heir Royal Hightiefs Dutchefs of diedatSt. / ^ la Novemb. 1673. hisRoyal Highnefs wasfe- condly married by Dr. crew, Lord Bi- fhopof'DarJinw; andSon to the .-Lord Cre% to g^ofethi-Mmad’ Efie, SVier to the prefent'Duw of iirode)ii,(andDaughterof imu mrmozza, the now Dutchefs Dowager) by whom hehath had Iffue two Daughters, the firlf bota-fafio^ aM Chrilined by.tlie_NanieofOi/jrr;^^^^ £mi, the Duke of Mbtimoph bemg.Godfather, a'nd the- Lady Afur/andthe Lady'‘.^nhthe God- mtersV, iihe died at St.' Oflob. ths tliird.'idy';., The fecond was born vd<'^.'28.!676. ■ arid'Chriftried by-the name of //i», by Dr. fbh Hohh', ?on to the Lord) Mini', the Earl of'Daifi Lord High Tieafurer beings God¬ fatherand the Dutchefs of Memotith and Countefs of Feterbormgh Godmothers, and is alfo dead. . , , ^ j ■ His Royal Highnefs in Mmh ifiyf. byOrder of the -King retired'with-his Family to BrnjJelSy and in November 1679. His Majeliy.made him Lord High Commiffioner of ScothM-, upon which he repaired to Edeitburgb, where byhis prudent management and extraordinary Cpn- duft, he fettled' the Aftairs of that Kingdom, ^hea very much diforder’d by'the Rebellious Csrgemp 'FMm,) to- the geneial fatisrattion Cfje §)Ca£e ,of all Loyal Men, making fuch wholfom Laws, as in all probability will for ever prevent tlie mifchiefs threatncdby Men of fudl dilloyaland antimonarchical Principles. The Titles of his Royal Highnefsare, Duke ■of Tori and Albiny, Earl of W/?er., late Lord High Admiral of £»igW, Irekni, and all Fo¬ reign Plantations, Conllable of jaxier-Callle, Lord Warden of the Cwjae Peru, Governour of Portfmoutb, &c. and was late Lord High ■Commiffioner ,of Scotktid. Of the Princefs of Orange. N Ext Heir to the Crown of Er.gkni after the Duke of ror^,, is the Lady Mmy Eldelt Daughter of his Royal Highnefs by his. firltwife, Ihe was born the 30th of April i662. whofe Godfather was the late Prince I(upert; and her Godmothers were the Dutchefs of Buckjiiglum' zni Ormtii. Upon the of mvemlfer 1677, fhe was Married to wiUiim of Mi/aro Prince of Or/tuge by Dr. Henry Compm, the prefent Bilhop of London, and Brother to ■ the late Earl of ATerttoptsa; file hath hitherto had no IlTue. Of the Ldify Ann Princefs of Den- \ mark. T He next to the Lady May Princefs of Otinge, is the Ladyborn in Eebruiry 1664, whofe Godfather was Gilbert late Lord Archbilhop of Cmerbury, and her Godmothers, were of ENGLAND. *2 Wire the young Lady Muy her Siller, and the Dutcheft of Muth •• She is I^arr.ed to lus Royal Highnefs Prince George, fecond Son of , the 3d. late King of Demiri, Md. is the only Brother to this prefent King Clmjlierit Prince' George Hereditary Prince of Vmmri. aiidNorrog'.&c. was born at cepetikagenm April i 553. where his Royal Highnefs was Educated in a Princelike manner till the year- i6o!i> then went to travel iXAoHolUnd, France, Eng¬ land, and thence into Mj, Inthcyear 1670, came back to Copenhagen, zni about ttoee years afterwardsbeingtwentyyearsOidheJravelled into Getmanp, and took a view of the^two nuiffant Armies then Encamped near the ghine whereof one belonged to the Emperour, and, the other tothefrew/j King. Inthe year i-S';?, HisRoyal Highnefs ferved in the War againlt the Swdes, and was at the taking of Wlftm ., The next year he commanded a part ot the Dani?, Army, at the Signal Battel of mde» m Schonem^mAthe King of Sweden. Inth^ear 1677, commanded again a part of the panija Army at the Famous Ba ttel of Ldndsiroon,v!^io he greatly hazarded his Royal perfon andmg- Voyages into German}, and continued fome y ears 1^83, after a Treaty of Marriage with the Lady fecond Daughter of his Royal Highnefs the Duke of Tori, this 1 nnce was Married the lU of the fame month. Prince GMSe hath four Sillers, the firll Mar¬ ried to Urge the 3d. Ptince' E edlor of Saxonr. The fecond to Cbrtfitern /fi-Duke . of mein Siindermrg^ -The thtrd to the I nnce -'124 Eleflor Palatine of the lihhe, and the fourth to the prefent King of Sweden; ChrUs the ■Eleventh. _ The prefent King , of hath. Ifliie fredrr/Vtthe Heir apparent,'.born in the year 1671. Two other Sons, chiijUern and cmliit, .and two Daughters the Princefs-yofiiM, and—— Of the Prme of Orange.. N E.tt to the Duke of Toi^. and his IlTue, is wilikm of NtJJiw Prince of Omge, only nine of the late deceafed Princefs Rcyal.iirar)', eldell Daughter to King. CiEi/rfo the Firft, and wedded 1641 to WiUim of Vajfnw, the only SontoE^wy Prince of Ounge, then Commander in chief of all the Forces of the States General, both by Land and Sea. HisHighnefs the prefent Prince was born nine days after his Fathers dead), on the 14 of A'o- ■vmber 1650. had for Godfathers theLords Stms- Genera! of BoBand zniZealand, and of the Cities of Delft, Leaden,zniAmfierdam. HisGqvernelswas the EngliJhlidY Stanhpt then Wife to the Heer .Van HemuUet. At Eight years of age was fent to the Uni- verlityof Lejdeh. At the age of 27 years he efpoufed the lady Mary,e:\M\ Daughter of his Royal Highnefs the Duke of ror4, as aforefaid. His yearly Revenue is about dooooLi’/er/%, befides Military advantages enjoyed by his Fa¬ ther and Anceftors, which amounted yearly to about 30000 h Sterling more. He fifENG?LAND', 1 ^ He isaPriiiceinAvhomthe High and Prince- Iv Onalitles of his Anceflors have ahvays ap' peared, and is at prefent itadtholder of the Vvitei Provinces of the Princefs Henrietta. X He next Heir (after the afore-mentioned) ’ to the Crown , was the Prmcefs Ifenrietta, youngefisiltertothe prefentKingof She was horn the.ifi of .^Kwa i644.at ExeKv,- during the heat of the late Rebelliona/Ktthe ■Surrender of Exeter, conveyed to Oxford, and thence 1646. to London whence, with her Go- ■ vernefs the Lady oaieitb file efcaped into Eunce, was there Educated as became her high Birth and Quality; but being left wholly to the care and maintenance of the Queen her Mother •amw.'eihbracedthe K(iw/|fc Religion. Atthe ageof ifi years. came with the Queen- Mother into Ensknd, and fix months after turning into Frme, was married to the only ■Brother of tliePi-eticA | ■pWfifl.then Duke of Jtiioii, till the death of his Uncle, and now Duke of Otlenm, whofe Reve¬ nue is iioocooZiwt Tomoit, befides lus 400C0 7 . • ture was to be the fame with the prefentDutchels ■ Dowager of Orlem. ^ , n... This Vrincefs left iffue ° wasufuallyRyledAfnilOT only, as being the hrlt lady in fLv, ihe died fuddenlym Jane 1670. The elder called MtdmoMe “'Yi u6 ^£ate tlewomanof Funce-, fliewasinDwffflS.Ifi;?' married to Cbatles the Second of that name King of S^dn, and hath yet had no Iflhe. The younger Siiier is yet unmarried,called Maddmeijelledep'doif; If thisPrincefsHewiettc had had a Son, the French King was to allow him 50000 Crowns yearly, and. the dpfmge after the death of the prefent Duke reverts to the Crown. ' Of the Frime EleUor Palatine. T Here being kft alive no more of the OfF- fpringof King Chirks the Firft, the next Heirs of tlie Crox\ n of Englmd are the Ififue and Defcendciits of Elkakth, late Queen of Bohe¬ mia, only Siller to the faid King, who was mar¬ ried to Frederick,, Prince Pahtthte of the Flme, afterwards liyied King of Bohemia, whofeeldelt Son. was Charles Zodowic{, late Prince Eledior Fdatine of the Bhke, commonly called the Pi//- ,grive, from the Bigb Dutch Pfdtzgraff, Pahtii . comes, was born the 22 of Dectnber 1617. at . Heidelberg-, and afterwards at the age of Three or Four years, conveyed thence into the Coun¬ tries of and Srandenhurgh, then in¬ to Hrtod, and at the Hague, and the Univerfity of Leyden, was Educated in a Princely manner. . At the age of 16, was made Knight of the Gar¬ ter, an I at tbeageof 18 years came into Eng¬ land, about two years after fought a Battel at Vlou m-Ji’ififbalia. In the year 1639. palling incognito thoiow France, to take pofleflion of upon the l{kine, which the Duke of Saxon mymar intended to deliver up unto him, toge¬ ther with the command of his Army, he was by 12.7 ef ENGLAND- tliat quick-fixated •ed at Moulins, and “““2? weeks- the Boi, de f'iuimes ; T;’ ®““’j/g5iation of the' imprifonment King of E«i and with the Kings he came again could notcon- fecretconfent, Cbecuti^^ th^.njcoui^^^^ tinue unto him the wonte n ? Majellies Rebels polTeftthegreate^ Revenues)made his Ad^ Commons at' - Jthe4eftaurationof the^ ‘ ; ■ g_ cording to the famous .ShlsRigl'-t’ .prince hisNephew, would have had the great •advantages there. ■ Tn Td, after which, returning into a Privy Counfellor -in 1662 . and m \< 566 , being. joyn’d Admiral with the Duke 9 ^.f attackt the wholeZJafrft Fleet with his . infuchabold refoluteway.thathe put theEne- "'^He died itwbite-hd Novemhet 29.168^. and was Honourably interred in King Hesiy tue yts s ■ /jcooh fc Government of the ‘^Silfce.hSftVthe Right Honourable the^ Earl of Mmiel Eldeit Son of his Grace, the- mke cf Norm is Conlfable of Wioimcfo. After Prince mat, the. next Heirs to the Crown of MngUnd, are three Fremh Ladies, Daughters of Prince Edwad, lately '^oteafcd,. -who was a younger Son of the Queen of Bobs- mi, whofe Widow, the Princefs Dowager, Mo- ^ ther to the faid three Ladies,- is Sifter to the late Queen of Boknd, Daughter and Co-heir to the M Duke of Nroirs in France ; amongft which three Daughters there is a Revenue of about- ^^SSl^SisMar.edtotl.Dl 4 c• d’ Engm, eldeft-Son to the'Prince of Conk. ■ The Second is Married to ^ohn Irsdtnck., Duke. of Brmlmci and ZunenbWgy At foMva. ■ , Afterthefe, is the Princefs^itoto^ ^^ft ■Sifter living to the Prince Elector born the 76 of December i 6 iS. unmarried, and living in Germany, is Abbefs of Heroorden, but of th^ ProteftantReligion.. Q-3-: The; li®. , iSJ^e The next is another Silfer, called the Prin- cefs lovifi, bred up at the if ague with the Queen- her Mother, in the-Religion of the Church-of EjigUui,. at length embracing the Reli- gi.on,.is now lady Abbefs of Miubuipn at Fon- i&)//e^,not far from Lalt of all is the Princefs Sophia, yomgell . BaughtertotheQueenof Bohemia, born at the i/egue, I'^oilob. 1630. and in 1658. Wedded to Enejl augufie,Mat Of BruTif-Kich. and Lu~ Offlfor^j.Bifhopof Ofnabmgh, by whomfte.hsth iftree Sons and a Daughter^. Of.thefe three Princefles, it is faid, the pirll is the moll learned, the Second the greatelt Artill, and the Lad, one of the belt AddtefSj.and the moll Accomplilh’dLadies in Europe. • So that of the Blood Royal of the Crown of lineally defcended from King Jaraer, and King.charles the Firll.lhere are (to the Joy of all Loyal Big/i/h Men, and the griefof aU Phanatical. Republicans 3 above Twenty Princes and PrincelTes nowoHving. in-^feveral . parts ot Bhrefet, CHAP. XII. 0/ the- Gnat Officers of the. Crm ». N Ext tO: the King and Princes of the Blood, .are reckoned- the great Officers-of the Crorvn, whereof there are nine, vk. The Lord Bkh Steward of England,, the Lord.High chan-, elior, the Lsrd High Tieafurer, lord Frefitent of the IQrgs Council, the LordFrivj Seal, the Zord 131 of .eng land: . Lori Gmi Cbmherlain, the Lord bjkh Cm- j£e,Z E^rnmph-^nd the-Zord .^ Aim'ml. ■ Tongue; from st^deancl mrl-Locmums,^' - Si/;. and was the fame Offic r ■ yf\t\vihe-Edcbs DroJff:tit]\^t^^ ^ in i-wde*. sn6t]reSMdtholder m ’ is airo called Tnii?fe - Common Lawyers llyle ■ wfcUm. of sen, in Smn, fufiiee, and sMIs, the King, and his Power fo exorbitant, that it wasthouglitfitnoflongertotrultitinttelands . ofanySubiefl, for his-OfBce.was, *iperante ' & reluUk fitb l{ege,&mtttedkte foli Regem, (as anafdSco^cfrpeaks) T^m l^mnes mijiros Legum ir^.n liem -Regnum tern- The faTthat had a State offnherltanceimthis ' which Ofhce,- heiittetn juoiL.di.j, “"vr ' ^ hisCourtatthe King’s-Palace zt nefttH»per,3^ ■ there receiveth the Bills and Petitions of all fach ■ Noblemen and'bthers,-who, - Duke of Omoni wasinade for that occallon tori Bigh Stemitioi Ev^kud, and (marehingimnie- :diate!y before the King, above all other OfSceis- of the Crown) bore in his hands St; Edwards Crown-, oreirefortheArraignmentoffomePeer ofthe Realm,their Wives dr Widows,forTrea- fon or Felony, or fome other great Grime,-to ||idge and give Sentence, as the antient High Stewards were wont to do; which ended, his ‘ eonimidion expireth: fo at the late Arraign- ment'of the Earl of the late Lord High Chancellor-of Ejg/iWi/,. JJenesge Earl of Nottirgham, Baron of Diventt-j, was made Lord High Stewar(!,,pwV/Ar we;, dnringwhich Trial, he fitteth under a Cloth of Eflate, and they that fpeak to him fay, Mq it flenfe }oiir Gmci, my lord High Stervard of Engkrid; His Commillien is to proceed Secundim legem, b confueiudinent Jnglk. Heisfole Judge, yet dothcall all the- Twelve Judgesof the Land to aflift him. Is not fworn, nor the 'Lords, who are the Tryers of the Peer arraigned. During his- Steward.fhip, he hears a White - ■Staff in,his hand, and the Tryal being over, openly breaks-it, and fo his GlEce takes-an-, end. d- Next the- lord-'High ChitvceHor, .-Summui Cin- ice!!iri feSirm, ro calHd,-becaufe all rmenti, Commlf- fms, mrrmts, coming from the King, and per- ufedbyhim, are Signed, if-.veil; or cancelled,, if amifs; orelfe, becaufe antiently he fate iniracmellos, thatis, fucha partition as ufually now feparates the Church fi ona-the Chancel. rirj-. _ HeisaftertheKingandPrincesoftheBlood,- in Civil affairs; (therebeingnow no'LordHigh Steward) the highell Perfon in the KingdoBJ; pf ^N.G-,LAIf p, ,13,5 as the Archbifliopof EccleCalli- cal afFaUa. . His Office isto heep the KlpgV Great Seal, to O 0 ce. ■ Judge, ■ not according tb the CommoH-Um, aa rtherCitilCourts-dd, but to moderate the ri¬ gour of the' L-awf and' to Judge according fa Equity, Confcience. or Realbn; To beftow, all Ecclefiallical Benefices in the King’s Gift, under 20?. yearly in-the King’s Books, and for this ■and other caiifes, hewasevef, titI'of Jate'years^ .a Clergy-man. His Oath is to do right to all manner of. Peo- Oilh ■ pie. Poor and'Rieh, after the Laws andCuftoms of the Realm, and truly counfel the King; to- •keep fecrettheKing’s Counfel. nor Merfofar as he may, thatthe Rights of ’ the Crown be not diminifhtiS’f. . , , From the time of Wythe Second, the Chan-- cellorsof Eriglund have been ordinarily made of Bilhops, or other Clergy-men learned in the Civil Laws, till wy the Eighth made Chan¬ cellor firff .Sir Thom Moor, and-after him Thomas Aukkf. After whom alfo was made Lord Chancellor Sir ificW Knight, Lord ; Etch (a common Lawyer) who had beenJric the faid Kings'Sbllicitor,. and-afterwards-- Chancellor of his Court of Augmentation, from whom is defcended the prefent Earl of War- wiei, and the Earl of Holkni, fmce which time- there have been fome Bilhops, but mull commen-- ^TMigh Office is in Frme durintevita, but \ieie\sdurantekncplacito Eegif- The siary from the King is S48 /.■fo’fflSBUij.JaMry, and when the stct’Chmbtr was up, 200/.-fei' «j»Bismoreforhis Attendance there- Cfeatien, The lord ChanceUot zni theLordXeeph' are the fame in Authority, Power, and Precedence, yet they differ-in Patent, in Heigthnnd Favour _of’the King;, they are created per Truditmtm mgni StgjUi phi per Domiiium Urgent, and by ta¬ king an Oath, only the ;zcrdCjSi/w«//pr hath be- lidK a- Patent. ■ ; . This'G|Ceat. 5 eaI isatprefentinthecuffodyof the Right Hdnoufable Frxnch Baron of Guilford, ■ who for hisemihent Abilities'and good fervice, performed in thedifchargeof the places, Fiift ‘ of Solicitor General,, and then of Lord Chief JuRice of the Common Pleas, was by the King . made Lord deeper oF the Great Seal of EmUnd, after the death of the Earl oF Noirnghm, late - Lord Chancellor. loti Thfr third Gwrfto^cerof the Crown, is the Freduref, . *’8^ Treafuter of EtigUoi, who.receives , this High Ofixe by delivery o( a ukite Stuff to him by the King, and holds it duruntebenepkcito Antiently he received this Dignity by the de¬ livery of the .Golden Keys of the Treafury. 00 . His Oath is little different from thatof the. lord chmellot. Offco. He is PrsfeHus jEririi, a Lord by his Office, under whofe Charge and Government, is all the King’s Revenue kept in the Exchequer. He hath aifo the Check, of all the-Officers-any way em- ployed in Collefling Jmpojls, Cuffoms^Tributes, or othec Revenues belonging to the Crown. He hath the Gift of .all cufiamm', Corupitolasi and ’ ■ UmhersinalltheVortsoF Exgknd. ' •pf ENOL A-N D. 't?s He hath the Nomination of the Efchemrs in . ewty County,'and in lbme Cafes by Statute IS -, . to appoint a Meafurer - for the length and breadth of Clothes. ' ■ • He, with others joyned mCommiflion witn ■ him, or without, lettethLeafesofall the Lands- belonging to the Crown; He giveth Warrants ■■ to certain perfonsof Quality to have their-ff'rtie ■ Guitom-free.. - ■, . ■ The antient Annual Salary of the Lord High ■ Treafurer of Etigknd, .was.ih all 383 /. -js -« but the late Salary was-Bight thoufand pounds - ttr/imum. This Office .hath'beem executed by a Com« million granted to three eminent Perfons.vfe. The lord Mlej, late Earl of Shafisbnry, Sir Tbomis Clifford, late lord Clifford, and Six ffohn Emcomb, until the lall day of MichalmosTerm,. 1672. when by His Majeftiesefpecial favour the faid Lord.Clijforlwas created lordTrtffursro? Emliad. -The laft Lord High Treafurer of EngUtid - WM Tkomis Earl of Danb]/, created upon the ■ Relignation of the late Lord Clifford fince de- After the Laid Earl of •X>4»i>’s leaving the Of- lords ■_ fice, it has again been put into the hands oHomrniJjia- Commiffioners.who are ^'jkdlordsCommiJpoms tots of of the tridfury, of whom the Right Honour- TtcffufU able, Z4wrf»«-Earlof Jiuck/e-. is'theFirft., Sir ffohn £r)i 7 e Knight, Chancellor-'of the - Exchequer. Sir Edward'Deermg^anrmt, - Sidmj Godtlphin Efquire. ■ Sir Sitphn Fox Knight.'- 136 lord Pre- 'The Fourth Great Ofiker named in the.Ste- fide/it, tilteai/T.S. is the Lord Prefident of the Kina’s Privy-Council, an OfEcer as antient as King . John's tin^, ivas ufually called Conjiliutm cl pitdsf. . His OlEce is to attend upon the King, to propofe bufinefsat Council-Table, and then ^ to report to the King thefeveral Tranfadtions ^ there. It hath been always granted by Letters under, the.GreatSeal dumte bsneplicito. . MiVGffice ofdater times-was grown obfolete, the laft that had^his honour was the firft Earl of JUmhficf, The Lord Chancellor ufually fus- pheshisplace; till ofJatetheEarlofd'Ltf/frtey. was made Lord Prefident,, and Cnee that the x^ovd -Kobcfts. lucceeded hiin, and was created' Earl of ZardPti. , thelwiPr/VjM/. whoisaLordi vf Seal, his- Ojhce, under whofehands pafsall efor-- • tor andGwf of . the King, and Pardons figned ^ the King, before they come to the Great Seal- of Enghnd, alfo divers other Matters of lefs con-.- cernment, as for the payment of Money, &c. ■ which donot pafs the Gteat Seth Heisbyhis Placeofthe King’sPrivy-CoUn- 'ai j'and rhief Judge of the reart n/ when It ihall- be re-continued; and befides his- Oath ot Prhy C««we//or,.takesa particular Oath .as lord Priv) Seal, His Salary is-1 ^00 1. per. yimum.- His Place according to Statute isnexttothe .- Z-ird Prefdem of the \in£s council. Wgmtji ail Office of greattrnfi and skill, that he- put not this Seal to any Gra nt witliou t good war- ■ rant under,the ^nis Pr'tvy Signet ; nor with war- ■ rant if it be againlt law or Cwy/iwi,until thatthe,- JCingie firft acquainted. This, Cf ENGLAND. ^ 137 ■This Great OfEcet is mentioned in the Sta- tHteof 24ch. 2. and then ranked amonglt the chiefPerfonsoftheRealm; anditisat prefent enioyedby GmgeHnqMekof.Hilifax. Note, That antiently the lord cbfncellsr, (urer, Pfefidetit, andPw^ -fMl, were generally Clergy-men, and then thofe Great Ofticeswere belt difcharged. The Si3tth Great Officer of the Crowp, is &e chmkf, lord CtoitCbrnberUm of an 9fficer of Cmt Antimity , to whom belongs Imery and .ie*/«f in;the.Xf>igi Court, and certain-Feos due frpm.^ch ^robbijhop ^ot- Bijhop when they do their,homage orfealty.tothe King,.and,from ‘all Peers of rhe Realm-attheir Creation, or do- dng their homage pr fealty; ■. and at the Corona- tiSi of every King to havePorty Ellsof cww/b" Ehlvwfor.hisown-Rofies ;• and on,the.cfac'e This Honour was long enjoyed by the Earls of Oxford, from the time of Henrji the Firlf, by an 'Eflite tayl or Inhmmce-, but in the two laft Coronations by the Earls of Lindfey, and that by ■ an Ejlate of Inheritance, from a Daughter and Bek General claimed and controverted, and is at prefent enjoyed by Robert Earl of Lindfey. Confiahh xhe Seventh Great offetr is the Lord Bigh' Con/ldle of England, fo called, fome think, from the Saxon, Cuning, by contraftion Ifing and Stable,-^ipgegUcolumen, foritwas antiently mittencuxinjlabley but rather from comes Su- iuli, whofe Power and Jurifdidlion was antient¬ ly fo great, that after the death of Edward Ba- got, OT Stafford, Duke of Biichingham, 1521. and the laft High confiable of England, it was thought too great for any Subjeft. But lince, upon occalion of Coronation; fas ■that of King Charles the Second, was made the late Earl of Northumberland) md at Solemn Tryalsby Combat, fas that which was intended between and 1631. was made Eoisrt Earl of Lindfey) there is created Era iUa'Vice, a Lord HighConlfable. His Power and Jurifdi** 'flion is the fame with the Earl Marfhal, with whom he fits Judge in - the Marjhals court, and takes place of the Ear) Marfhal. Earl The Eighth Great Officer of the Crown,is the Marfhal. EarlMarfhalo? England, fo called from Mare in the Old-Saxon, (i.e.) Horfes, and Schal, Vrxfe- Ihn. He is an Earl, fome fay, by his Office;, whereby he taketh, as the ctw/aWe doth. Cog¬ nizance-of all matters of War and Arms, decer- mineth ContraSs touching Deeds of Arms, out of the Realm- upon Land, and Matters con¬ cerning Wars within the Realm, which can- cot' of ENGLAND. not be determined by common • there Matters he is commonly guided by the ^*Note, ttat antiently he had feveral Courts under him, but hath now only t]ie mrM]ee. where he may fit in Judgment agamft Crimi- , nals offending within the Verge of the Kings ^ TMs Office is of Greot MiiiuUfm Efigknd, and antiently of Gre/t Pomor. :! The laft Eatl Marjhal was Henry Howii-d Earl of Arundel, who died' in i6^ 2, his Father Me* m Earl of Arundel, and he enjoying that Othce only for the Term of their Lives by the Kings Letters Patent, .. ! „ • At tlie Coronation of His Majelty nowKeign- ■ ing, the prefentEarl of Sufolk^Poi thatSolem- , nity only was made £ariM«r]/M/. ■■ T .rronf nffirs was fixecutod m part 139 , by a Commiffion granted by -His MajSy to ^ojm ■ Lord Menr, Lord Privy Seal, to Henry P/er- Mint Marquifs of Dorchefier, and ^ Howard Earl o( Carlijle, until 1672. when the Lord ffenry Howard, Brother to the late Duke . of Norfolk , was firft oreated Earl of Norwtcb, then EorlMirM of England, and whofince the death of his raid Brother is Duke of VerMi but at prefent executes the faid place by a Ue.- puty, who is the Right Honourable iioierjEarl of Ailesbu'j. The Ninth and lafl Gmt Officer of the Crown, Admiral, •is the lord High Admiral of England ; wlmle Trufl: and Honour is fo great, that this Office hath ufually been given either to fome of the Kings younger Sons, near Kinfman, or to feme one of the highelt and chiefeft of all'the-No- bility. >4g S:fje p?efent ;fets(e He js caHed AdmkiJ from Amir.m Aubick and Aa/©- in the Greet; that is, PnefeBas m. ■ Tim, a word borrowed from the Eaftern Empire, -■where fuch. kind of Compounds were’much in ■ rquelt , and introduced in after the Wars^jn the HolyLuvi by King Sichard, or is loms fav bv Kinsr ^ The Patent of the IcrdAdmnl did antientiy run thus, Anilm, Bikrm,<(s Aauitdm^ Mm- run thus, An^Jin, liikrnu,^^ Aquitmx mJ- i rm Admtrdllia-, but at.prefent thus, AmUx C? T c? mmd:m, riUaCak/i.e ^ Marchimm ejufdent, NoriMndia, :6ii/«w-e, & Aquiimia, Mignm Admiullus ($ drajetim GenerAii cUJfis C? Mmm diUonm To the Admird of Enghr.d. is by the King intruiied the management of all ■rmm ^|um,-as well in refpedl of ■■as VtouBton. He.is that High Officer or Magi- •Itrate, to whom is committed the Government ■of the King!, Navy, with Power of decilionin :an Cm^s Mmtmi, as well Civil ss Crmiml-, . of all things done upon, or beyond the Sea in .any part of the World, all things done upon the SeacodBs, mallPmsanUBavem, and upon all :Rwers.below the firft Bridge next towards the The .lord AJmrd hath the Power to Com- miffionatea//-/f^^dw;ra/, aJ^MrMdw/Va/, and ail Ssicapam, alliJr/wt/wfor particular cw/?r, coroners to view dead bodies found on tie /«- tea/j, or at Sei, Commijfioners or fudges fas exerciCng ^ijiko in the com of Admits Z imprifon, releafe, ffc. •' - ^ He hath fometimes a Commiffion to beftow KmMooi on fuch as {ball deferve it at Sea. To Bi E NGLA: N D. To the Lori Aitnitnl belongs, by Law and Cuftom, all matks and Ametcmms of aU Trunfm/fors at Sea, on the Sea-JIme, m Ports, and from the firll Bridge on Rivers towards the Sea-, alfotheGoodsof' Paulters, condemned, outlawed, or horned. Moreover, all waifs, stray Goods,.WrecisotSet, Deoiands, a Ihare of all lawful Prizes^ Lago»t ^etfon, and fiw/M,,asour Lawyers-,term it; that is, Goods lying iri the Sea 'on'. Ground, Goods floating.:,on-th& Sea, and, Goods-call away by the Sea on the Shore, not granted to Lords of Manners adjoyning to the^JM-.* All great Fiihes, asSM-Hogs, and other Fiihes of extraordinary bignefs called l^oyal Pijbes, except only whles and Sturgeons. , This High Dignity is now executed by -thefe Commilfioners following, iMim Vikomt Bmnktt.- - Daniel Earl of ' Sir Thomts Meres. Sir ffmphre} Winch EiMri Pities Efquire. Sir ^phtt Chkhlep Tlie Honourable :£fenry Stvih CHAP. 142 C H A P. XIII. Of the Kings Court, the Ecckfafi' cal, Civil, and, CM Hit ary Govern- . ment thereof, with .a Catalogue of the JQngt Privy-Councellors j of the K}»gs fudges. Sergeants, ^c. T H E Court of the King of EfsgUni is a Momtch] within a Momrchy, conEfting of EcikftiUicd, Civil and Mi'.iury Perfonsand ■ Government. For the Ecdefiaftical Government of. the Kings Court, tliere is firll a Dent of the Kings Chappel, whoisufually foine grave learned Prelate, chofen by the King, and who as Dean acknowledgeth no Superim but the King; for as the Kings Palace is exempt from all inferiour Temporal Jurifdidlion, foisHis Chappelfrom all Spiritual; it is called Cipelk Dominicit, the Deme.tn Chippel, is not within the Jurifdiftion or Diocefs of any Bifliop, but as a }{egil Pe- CHlkr exempt and referved to the Vifitatioa and Immediate Government of the King, who is Supreme Orimty, as it were Prime Bifliop over all the Churches and Bifliops of EitgUui. By the Dean are chofen all other Officers of the Ghappel,wr:. a Sub-dean, or Prac^tor ct- pedte-, thirty two Gentlemen of the Chappel, whereof twelve are PtieUs, and one of them is Confeflbrtothe Kings Houfliold, whofe Office is to read Prayers every morning to the Family, to of ENGLAND. 145 tovlfitthe Sick, to examine and prepare Znicants, to inform fuch as defire advice m any Cafe of Confcience, or Point of Religion, ^The other 20 Gentlemen, commonly called faid Priefts to perform m the Chappel the Office of Divine Service in Playing , Sing One of there being well skilled m Muficfc, is chofen Mailer of whereof there are Twelve in O^dmary, to inllrua them in the Rules and Art of Mufick, for the Service of the Chappel. T^ee other of the faid Clerks are chofen to be Organifts, to whom are joyned upon Sun^s, Collar-days, and other Holy-days, a of the Kings Mufick, to make the Chappel-Mulick more full ^'*ThereLe moreover four Officers called Ver- sers, from the Silver Rods carried in their bands, being a Sergeant, two Yeomen, and a Groom of the Chappel. , . , „ In the Kings Chappel thrice every day Pravers are Read, and Gods Service and- Worlhip. performed ■ with great Decency, Order, and Devotion, and Ibould be a Pa- tern to ail other Churches and Chappels of ^’* 4 he’King hath alfo his private Oratory, where fome of his Chaplains in Ordinary read Divine Service to the King on working days every Morning and every Evening. Twelve days in the year, being high and principal Feflivals, His Majelly, after Divme Service, attended with his principal Nobility, adorned with their Collars of the Gam, -to- gether with fome of the Heralds m their rich Coat's, in a grave folemn manner at the 144 - §»ta«- afiim of Gold-te God; in-/i^num f[ecklit i^omnii, that'by his Grate'hO* iS'King, and hoIdethaUof-him; - All OlTerings made at the Holy Altar by the King'and'Qiieen,' did antiently-belong tethe dlfpofalof the Archbiflibp of Cmttbur},- if his Grace-'were prefent, wherefoe.ver the Court was; but now to the Dean of the'Ghappelito be diftributed amongli the Poof; • ' . ; ' Thbfe-twelve days are, i\xViVhnfidm,r'Eift^, Tyliiifutidiji ■ and M-Smts,^called -BonpU ‘dtys., upon which the Befmot'Gbii-to be offered,-is , delivered td the'iding .by th’e Lord. Stm.nri}pt feme bther'of thd' principal Officers r then ’New*- yem-diy, Tvselfth^iy, upon thedatter of Which,' Gold, FriKiinceiife, and Mynkt, in fev'dral-.'Puf- fes are-'offered by'the -Kingr Cmdletri&y; AmimMion, JJcpifion, Trinity Sunday'^St,' EiftiSii and 'Mckiie}mi!:ddy','vMetl‘qiilY-‘OoUis offered-. •■UpOn‘'Cfe’r]?rt(ffj' 'aiid'-MiftlpH day,- His Majeiiy'ufually received theHdySa'tfai;' ment, none but two or three of'the‘prin'cii>ah Bilhops, andfomeof the RoyarFamilfcdmlnu-, nicating with him. The Gold offered by the King at the Altaff when'he receives the'Sacrament; and iipon high Feftiva'Is, is ftill called the-Bfe'Wwfj which art-- tiestly was a piece of'GoId,Coyned by the Bitt- pefours'of conjlmdopl.e'; in'Tatiit'Sfe.u>iti«M. That which was ufed by King-ffiiwM,' whs'a piece -of Gold,- having'on-the one fide th'e'Pdurtraitof the Kingkneeling 'befdre art Altar'with Four ' Crowns-before- him, and. with, this Motto cir* tmhfcribedi' '^irmkum Dmitoyrt orntHm qm-tribmt mihiT and on the other fide- \vas a Lamb'lying by .a Lyon,'with this'Motto,’ vit^," Cor tontrjttiitt &hmiJiatmmioii dlefpiciet peitsy The of E N G L A N D. - 14? The King hath alfo (befides many Extraordl- d^^fUans. nary) 48 Chaplains in Ordinary, whoareufii- ailyeminentDo£lorsin Divinity, whereof lour every Month wait at Court to Preach in the Chappel on Suitdijs, and other Feftivals before the King, and in the Morning early on Sundays before theHoulbold, to read Divine Service be- fore the King, out of Chappel daily as afore¬ mentioned, twice in the Kings private Oratory, to give Thanks at Table in the Clerk of the CI0-. let’s abfence. , . Inthetimeof Lent, according to antIentlal^ dable cultoni, the Divine Service and Preaching is performed in a more folenin manner. Antiently in Court there were Sermons in ic/it Sif' leoionly, and that in the Afternoon, in the.ac.M. open Air, and then only by Biibops, Deans,, and princi pal PrebtndariesiOur Ancelfors judg¬ ing that time enough, and tliofe Perfons only lit to Teach fuch Auditory their Duty to God ani Man. Antiently alfo the Lent Preachers were all appointed by the Arclibilbop of Cmerhury: Now on the firlt iVidneldiy, called Jfiwcdxfd^iy^ in the Morning, begins the Dean of the Chappel to Preacli, on each uednefd.iy after one of his, Majellies more elcquentChapIains, every Fri- diy the Dean of fomeCathedral or Collegiate- Church : On the lall FmL^ called Good-Friiay, is always to Preach the Dean of we/lrmfler-, in every Sunday in Lent fome Preacheth, andonthelallSiwdijyof Ler.r, called Vadm-Sunday, is to Preach an Archbilkop, anl upon Fafter day the lord Bigb Almoner, who is ufuallytheBilbopof London for the time being, (butatprefent is the Archbifh.op of rwl;,) and who difpofeth of the Kings Alms, and for that, life receiveth (befides other Moneys allowed by the King) all Deodands, O’ horn Feknm de fe. i4'5 El}t ^icfciit ^tatc , ito be that way diffofeci, whereof more after- •warclf. In Fmce, the Guml Amofmr is Principal of ail EccleftitU-s of the Court, and all Offi- .cersof the King’s Cliappel, hcrsceiveth their Oaths of Allegiance, andhimfelf fwearsonly to the King for that Office ; he hath the difpolition of all Hofpitals, the Charge for delivering Pri- Ibners, pardoned by the King, at h's coming to to Crown , or at his Coronation, or firlt en¬ trance into any of his Cities. Under the Lord High Asuer. there is a Sub- Alrmer, two reomai, and two Grooms of the Almonry. Be (ides all thefe, the King hath a Clerk of the Clofet, or ConfelTor to his Majelty, wh.o is ■commonly fome Reverend, difcrcet Divine, extraordinarily efieemed by his Majel'y, whofe - .Office is to attend at the King’s Right Hand ■during Divine Service, to refolve all Doubts Concerning Spiritual Matters, to wait on His Majelty in his private Oratory or Clofet, whereof the Keeper is The, Dunklo), Efq-, whofe Fee is 5 /. The prefentDe.!Mof the ChappelisDrHm; Compton Eifhop of London, whofe Fee is 200 1 . yeariy, and a Table; his Sub-Dean is Dodlor WillLim bolder, jvhpfe Fee is 100 7 yearly. The Fee of each* Pried, and Clerk of the Chappel, is 70 7 .yearly. The Clerk of the ClofetisDoflor Crew, Ei- fbop of Durlim, receives 20 Nobles Fee per Annum, . The Lord High Almoner is His Grace the Lord Archbifhopof Tort, hath no Fee, hisSub- Almoner is Doflor nil.km Holder, whofe Fee h6L6s. lod. There of ENGLAND. *47 ' There are belonging to the Kings Chappel, three Orgahifts, vk. Dr. Willkm Chili. Dr. ^ohn Blow, who is alfo Mailer of the Children of the Chappel. Mr. Senry Purcel. ■ All eminent for their Great Compofitions and skill in Mulick; Mr. Thomns Bkguvs is Clerk'of the Check. The relief tiie Gentle- menof the Chapiel, are great Mailers alfo in the Science of Mnfick.and moll Exqufee Per¬ formers, as Mr, nillkw Tmif. hlr. ^umes Bon. Mr.-— Gsjlin. Mr.— -Jiel. Mr. Thoms Be'jwooL Mr. Alphoofo Mor^i. Mr. Stephen crijfins. Mr. Leenord tfoodim. Of the Civil Government of the Kjngs Court. F or the Civil Government of the Kings . j r- Court, the chief Officer is the Lord qF word., called alfo in the time of Benrp the Eighth, The Great Mailer of thelfiogs HouftoUi after the French Mode; but primo Mark and ^ ’ ever lihee called, The Loristewardof'the Kings Boujhold, H 2 The mjt f .iEfcnt 1-43, The State of the Kings Houfeis committed, ta. him, to be ruled and guided by his difcretion,. and all his Commands in Court to be obeyed and obferved. And as his Power is great, fo is his Dignity, State and Honour. The Steward ■and Treafurer within the Kings Houfe, faith an ■old Manufcript, ^{relentthe Siueof tnEatl, He hath Authority overall Officers and Ser¬ vants of the Kings Houfe, except thofe of,his Majelties Chappel, Chamber, and Stable, He, by his Office, without any Commiflian, ■judgeth of all difcords, as Treafovs , Murders , Felonies, Blood^eds, committed in the Court, or within the Verge, which is every way within twelve miles of the chief Tunnel of the Court, (onlyiM-teby Charter is exempted;) for the Ljw having anhigh elieem of the Dignity of the Kings fetkd Minfm-Bou[e, laid outfuch a Plot of Ground about hij Houfe, (as a Haul Fas, or: Foot Carpet, fpread about the King’s Chair of State, that ought to be more cleared and void, than other places) to be fubjcdl to a fpecial ex¬ empted Jurifdiftion depending on the King’s Perfon, and Great Officers, that fo where the King comes, there fliould come with him Peace ' and Order, and an awfulnefs and reverence in Mens hearts: befldes, it would have been a kind of eclipfing of the King’s Honour, that where theKingwas, anyjuilicelhould be fought, but immeJi.itely from the'King’s own Officers ;_and thereforefrom very ancient times, the Jurifdi- flion of the Ferge hath been executed by the Lord Steward, with great ceremony, in the na¬ ture of i Peculiar IQngs Bench, and that not on¬ ly within, but without the King’s Dominions: tl ENGLAND: For fo it is recorded, that one Englem of A o- .oent in Ftmce, for Healing Silver Dilhes out of theHoufeof £dn>4rdtheFirH,Kingof ErgUr.A,. thenatiVw, (after the matter had been deba¬ ted in theCouncil of the King of Fume, tOHCh- inathe lurifdiaion; and ordered, That the King, ohwhni Ihould enjoy this Kingly Prerogative of HisHonlhold) was condemned by Sk flgkn Fitz-John.then Steward to the King of ErgUrJ,. and hanged in St. Gemm-FhUs. Note, That to the Lord Steward belongs act the beginning o^Farlkmexti to attend the King $■ ■Perfon, and toMinilierthe Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy to all the feveral Members of the Houfe of Commons, and at the end or Parliaments to adjult the Parliamentary Ex.- pences, ts’e. ■ T49 The Lord Stemtd is a wUt^SU§-offcet, fot' lie in the King’s Prefencecarrieth z white-sujf , and at other-times-going abroad, it is carried by a Footman bareteded. This White Stiff i,s taken for a Gommiffion; at the death of the King, over the Herfe made for the King’s Body, he breaketh this Staff, and thereby difc_harget)i- all the Officers, whom the fucceeding King, out of his meer Grace, doth re-ellablilh each one- in his former Office. ■ •- this eminent employment is now enjoyed by ^mesDakeof Ormond, whole Fee is lOoZ.yea^ ly, and Sixteen Dilhes daily each Meal, with- Wine, Beer, The next Officer is the lord ChmMmy. who hath the overfight of all Officers belon^in^ t© the King’s Chamber, ^xcepfthe Precmtlsrf ■j5o ^tate the.King’sBed-Chamber, which is wholtyimdCT the Groom of the Stole; and all above Staus, who are all Twern by hfm, (or his Warrant to the Gentlemen-Ulliers) to the King. He hapi Blfo the overiTghr of the Officers of the 'f - r- drobe, at all his’Majefties Honfes; and of the removing mrdtohes, or of Beds, of «« Kevels, Muflc, comeduns, Hmmg, and ot the Jelefrgers, of the Trumpeters, Baniicrtfii, and Arti[ms, retained m the King ? Moreover, he hath the overfight of the Be- nlds and ewfurvmis, and Sergems nt Arms, ot all PhjpciMS, Apothearks, cb)rurgeoiis. Barbers, (pc. To him alfobelongeththe ovei fight of the clMpkins, though himfelf be a Lay-man;; ron- trary in this particular to theantient cullom of TnM and Modern Cufom of all K.'“ 5 : doms, where Ecclefialticks are never under the ordering of Lay-mem- ■ ■ Alfo of the Charges of-Coronations, Marri¬ ages, Entries, Cavalcades,-Funerals, Ot all Furniture-in- the Parliament, and iii the Rooms of Addreffes to the King. 15 'c.- , The Fee of the Lord Chamberlain of the King s Houfe, is 100 1 yearly, and Sixteen Difhes each Meal, with all the Appurtenances. - This Office is now in the hands of Hetptpbennet, Earl of „ ,,,, '■ Molt of the above-named Offices and Places, areintheGiftandDifpofal of the Lord Cham¬ berlain. MaSet of The third Great Officer of the King's Court, hthcMa/erof theBor{e, ant.entlycalledC<,M« ^ SfaiuH, or Confiable-, to whom a higher im- pioyment and power was then given, and this taken.from him. . .. of ENGLAND. • This Great Officer hath now the ordering' and difpofal of all the King’s Stables, and Races, or breed of Horfes; and had heretofore of all the Polls of EtiglM. He hath allu the power over Ejiuries all over the Footm Grrms, K’^crs of the Gua Horfes, Furriers, Siiiiihs, COJcImftt, Sadlers, and all other Tra-.es- workineto the King’s Stables; to all whom be (or by his Warrant the ^veoef) givcth an Oath, to be true and faithful- ■ He hath the charges of alt tand.s and Kcye- mies, appointed for the Kings breed of Horles,- and for charges of the Stable, and for n:nr<. coaches, Stmpter-fforjes, &c. , r r He only bath the priviledge to make u.e of any Horfes, Fages,-Footmen, belonging to th- Kina’s Scabies* At any Solemn Cavalcadet he rides next be- bind the King, andleadsa ZOT Hor/enfStitie. ■ This great Office is conferred by his Ma jelly upon his Grace Charles Duke of _.Sr:to«d, hi5_ yearly Fee was 666 /. 13 r. 4<<. with a Table of i6 Dilhes each Meal. But (by Reafon of the Dukes beingunderage) it isexecated for him by Commiflioners, whofe Names are- CollonelWeMiy ( 7 «;. Collonel rheophilm bgUthorp. Charles Mderkj, Efcluire, ■ The ac'‘Ount of the .Stables for Hovlemeat, Livery, Wages, and Board-wages, are brought by AeAvener, being chief Clerk of the Averp, to be paired and allowed by the Board of Green. ’ Under tliefe three Principal Officers of His Majelties Koiilhold,' are almoft all the other Of¬ ficers and Servants. , H 5, Firlf; JS2 lE^c pjEfent ^tate Firft. under the Lord Stemfd, in the Cornet- itg-Hoiifc, are the Treafurer of tbs ffoiifiold. Comptroller, Mafia of the Hou^old. Two Clertj of the Green-Cloth. Two Clerks Comptrollers. Two Teomcn. The cofferers Clerics, or CUrksofthe JffiimeitU Two Grooms. Two Meffingers. It is called the Compting-Houfe, beeaufe the Accompts for all expences of the Ifjrgs Houf foW are there taken daily by the Lord Stewardy the Trejfnra, Comptroller, the coffera, the Ma¬ iler of the Hotiftold, the two Clerks of the Green Cloth, and the two Clerics comptrollers, whoal- fo there make Provifions for the Houlhold, ac¬ cording to the Law of the Zand, and make Pay¬ ments and Orders for the well governing of the Servants of the Houlhold. In the campiag-Houfe, is the Green Cloth, which is a Court of Juiiice continually fitting in the King s Houfe, compofed of the Perfons Inll mentioned; whereof the three firft are ufu- allyof the King s Privy Council. To this Court, being the firft, and moft antient Court of Eng¬ land. is committed the charge and overfight of the King’s Court-J{ojal, for Matters of Jultice and Government, with authority for maintain¬ ing the Peace, within 12 miles diftancewhere- foever the Court ihall be, and within the King’s .Houfe, the power of corredting all the Servants therein,., that Oiall.any way offends It oE'rN'G'^A'N'D. ,1.53 K is called the Gre:n Cloth, of a Gtetn Cloth, ;. whereat they fit, over whom are the Arms oi the Compmg-Boufe, bearing Vm, a Key, Cr. ant^ a Stiff Argent Smltkr, fignifying. their Power to reward and corred^as Perfons for their great' Wirdom and Experience, thought ht by bjs Majeiiy, to exercife both thefe iunSwtts in his ■ ‘^‘’Th^Treafurer of the-King’s Koufe inabfence Tto/u; of the Lori JKnMnf,.hath power with t\Kpfthemgi. Compiroller, wi. Sterviri of the Mtirjhilffa, toffonfe.- hear, and determine Treafons, Felonies, and •• other Crimes, committed within the King’s Palace, and that by Virdia of the King's Hoii- °BoiilhoId JervMis within the Ckck-Ugh if any be found guilty of l elony, no benehtof Clergy is to be nliowed -him. Anciently this ■ Court.jnigbt have held Vleus of Freehsld alto.. His yearly Fee, 123!. 14J. 8d. and a Taole of Sixteen Dilhcs each Meal. He bears a Aiiihite Staff, and is at prefent frMW'Vilcoiinc ^VtTcmptroIIers Office,.is to control!'theCcwptwW- Accompts ,and Reckonings of the Grstn-clotk hr.. ■ His yearly Fee is 107/. 171. i5d. a Taole of Sixteen Diffies each Meal.. He bears a- .White Staff,,and is at.prefent tFl/iww Lord "^The Coffeier is alfo a Principal Officer,' bath CofersKr- a fpecial charge and overfight of, other Officers of the Houfe, .for their good Demeanor.and . Carriage in their Offices, and is to pay the 'Wages to the King’s Servants, above ami belo-.v Stair'sand for Provificins, by the-diredtion and allowanceof the Groeit-Clotl:,- • His yearly Fee is-iooA a Table of Seven. 'ifilhesdaihsancl is now Henry sromcier Efquire,. H.5. ^54 ^tats Mijietof The-tieuis theM,i/kr of. tkBouJljoU, wliolc' the Hott- Office is to fnrvey the Accounts of the Houfe. jhiL His Fee One hundred Marks’, and Siven Diflies daily; enjoyed by Hem} BulkeU} Efquirc. All Bills of Comptrolment, Parcels and Brieve merits, are lotted and allowed by the clerks com¬ ptrollers, mA fummed up by the Clferks of thB' erten-Cloth. chii nf Clerks of the Green-cloth are at pre- 1 H / fent Sir Stephen Fox-, and Sir rrcf/Zum Bore-man, ri„„,u . j and the two Cleiks Comptrollers are Sirrrw* r lLf P”Cburchil, .and Sir %hard Majon. , / ■ Theyeariy Fee toeachof tliefeFour,- is 44/. 6s. 8 d. and between them, .two Tables of, Se¬ ven Dilhes to each'Table. The reft of the Compthg-Houfe being left confiderable, lhall, for brevity, be palTed over; and, forother Officersbelow liairs, onlytheir Names and number ftiall be noted, their Fees being nofconfiderable, except the Sergeants Fee of each Office-, only the Reader may here take Notice, that althongh the King pays ftill the antient Fees, which at firft wcreof above ten times the Value they are now; yet the Perquilltes in many Offices, make fometimes a, place of 10/. Fee, .to be.worth near 500 /. ferannumv In the Jcatery, or the caterers office, a Ser¬ geant, ^.trnes Half} BCqnite, and ^bertFerm Efquire. CIerks, Purveyors for Flelh and Filb, Yeomen; imall, TwelvePerfons. In- the PoulU}, a Sergent; Sene Mezandiett Ffqiiire, a Clerk, Phillip. Bik.erfiuff'e B.rqmre, Yeomen; Grobms, Pilrveyors; in alTten Per- fonsi In the Bakehoufe, a Sergeant; Lamence Ball Efqiiire,. a' Clerk, Charles Toll Efquire, divers ■ Yeomen j b! England; Yeomen,a Garnitor, divers Purveyors, Grooms,- and Condufts, in all nine Perfons. ■ In t'heivoody.tr^, a Sti-M ■ Nichole Vcr.n Efquire, a Cleik; ihmm ireift Efquire, Yeo¬ men, Groom, and Pages-, in all fix 1 erlons. In the Scidkry, a Sergeant, rhomm Efquire, a Clerk, Efquire, Yeo¬ men, Grofims, and Pages -, in all fifteen Perfons. In-the inder. z Sergeant, Jute fw Senior Hfqiiire, two Yeomen, tv\oGrooms, on 1 age.- in the Pn/ri. -a Sergeant F.fciiilre, a Clei k , 3oh'- TMWffiiM Efqime, Yeomen, Grooms, and.Children-, ■ m all ten ■ ^ '^W°tft-That from the V^ry to-the A.tterj, ns the Clerk of one-Office dies, the Clerk of the next Under Office fucceersand-ti ora the m- -ury, asanyof theClerksof the Sf/«ryor y- cUn Avery die. the Clerk of the ^fers. The Knight Birbej^or, i; .ZsTevf//Efquire, whofe Ofhce an,c .Authority is given him by Letteis Patents, under the Great Seal of during hfe,, oft as the King goes in Progrefs, pr abroad cither.in Exgkni, orheyondthe Seasj.he do^ 'byhimfelf, or by bis Deputy, provide and ai^ point all Lodgings and Harbingage , for a 1 great Perfons, all Noblemen,-Bilhops, all his Majellies Servants and Attendants-, and for other his liege People; Moreover, for all Anibafladors, for all Foreigners, £5'r. his Salary is 20 Marks per mum, and 10r. pr diem, out of the Exchequer, belides Fees for ■Honours given by the King, ■ and Homage done to his Majelty, and divers-other Per- '^Here'note, that in the Court of the Officers, according to their feveral degrees, are named, either Lords, Knights, Efquires, Ser¬ geants. Gentlemen, Clerks, Yeomen, Grooms, l-ages or Children; of Lords there are two, Diz- the Lord Stemrd, and the Lord Chmber- hin: of Knights there are alfo two, war. Knight ■ MAI, and Knight ofErqmres, theie are four, vk. The Erqniresof the Body, of Sergeants, Gentlemen, Yeomen,Of. theie are of them in feveral Offices, as appears be- •^'^The prefent is Sir Eimti KmhtMrM,- aiki-Mirefchalhi mf- ■tirn-mif, hath Jurifdiftion and'Cognizance of all Crimes within his Royal-Palace; where- •iintb one of'the parties is the-Kings Sen-ant.. He is one of the Judges of the Court called ■ thb .tojia//ea, or Murjhil Sea of judicature, - -which-is held in-Somhaarlc, and hath there a Prifon belonging to the fame. Upon lolemn •oecafions, he rides before-the King? ^ fbort Ballon ript at both ends with Gold, and bath fix PfovoB ^Mrjh^llSy or Virgers, in Scarlet coats , to wait on him , and to take care of • the Royal Palace,-that no-Beggars, -Vagabonds, Common of^E-NGLANDi Common Women, that proftitute thetr Bodies,, Malefaftors, come within, or near .the Court. In the Almonry,. Sub-Almoner, one Yeomarn. one Groom. i Five Voners it One, a Setgmt, .Sw^Eiwira Breit, two Yeomen,, three Grooms. Two Clerics of tk CurrUgi, one Yeoman,, tliree Grooms. cumukyrs, fix in number, ■ Surveym of iheDrefer, .two, one above, the other below.. , ' ’ Mirllmh of tk Hall, five. Sewers of tk ffd,-fom. tv liters of tk Sid, feven. Meffenger of tk ComptBgrBoiifey one,'-' Bell ringer, one. Long cirt’Ukyrs, four. Wine-Porters, .four. Wooii-beirer, one. Cock of the Court,-one.. .' Befides thefore-named Officers below Stair?, there-arealfo under thefaid Lord Steward, all the Officers belonging to the Qiieens iOfcW CeiUr, Pantry; and to tlie Lords Kjtchiit.-, together with Children, .Scowerers, Turn-BroA-. cbis, &c. ' ' ■ Inall-finty eight.. T5$. >6o' Ik Lifi of the Officers of the Green- Cloth, dm Cbmpting-Houfe,. as they min Order. 3 Ames Duke of,Orrmd, Lovd High Steward of the Hgijlliold. PrawwLord VifcountWerofort.-Treafurer of tlie Houfhold. Willim Lprd imymrd , Comptroller. Henry Bmnker Efquire,,Coflerer. Henry Suliley Efquire, Mailer of the Hou¬ fhold. Tetley Gumm, Charles Margin,. Godfrey' l{ichitrd[on, Meflehger. ' Yeomen of the Ac- eompting-houfe. . J ’Lift of His Majeffies Servants : in Ordinary^ dove Stairs. G Hntlimeuof the Bed-Chmher, whereof tlie ' lirlf is called Groom of ibe Stole, .that is,. according to the ligni&ation of the word in Gtee^, from whence, fidt the.COTW, and thencfic of ENGLAND. thence the Itdm and frewcfi derive it, Gmm, or Servant of the l^be or Fejlment-, He having the Office and Honour to prefent, and put on his Majelties Firll Garment or, Shirt. every Morning, and to order the things of the Bed- Chamber. , , , rn. The Gentlemen of the Bei-chmber, conmt uffiallyof thePrime Nobility of their Office in general, is, each one in his turn, to wait a week in every Quarter in the King’s Bei-Cbmber. 'thete to lie by the King on a Pallet-Bed all night, and in theabfenceof the Groom of the Stole, to fupply his place. More¬ over, they wait on the King when he eats in private; for then the Cup-bearers, Carvers, and Sewers, do notwait. The yearly Fee to each is icoo /. Their Names follow according to their Or¬ der. JohnBado? Sab, Groom of the Stokj and firlt Gentleman of the Bed-Chmber. Htnr-j Duke of Newciifle. Charles Earl of Dorfet. ^obn Earl of Mu’grave. Cbrijlspber Duke of Jlbemarle. JKgbert Earl of lindfey. Abery Earl of Oxford. ■ , fames Earl of Arran, (SontoDnkeH.fl»//M«.) lately made Gentleman of the Eed-Ghamber in. Ordinary. Bdmrd Lord Latimer, Thomas Earl of Sujfex, Earl of 'Aa'tekigh. Earl of Liichjield. laurence Earl of Bochefter. And two more. Super' .161 \6i lifje f jEfene ^tate ■ Sittemimermes; The Vice-Chamberlain was Sir George Cuni' ■ ret-, but is now the Honourable Hexry Sml, Bro¬ ther to the Earl of HnUifit'c. Keeper to his Majeliies Brivy-purH:, is Bcftifi Miiy Efquire. Treafurer of the Chamber, is Edmii Griffn Efquire. He pays Riding and Lodging Wages, as the Lord Chamberlain lhall'direft. Sir ChriSlofher Wren, Surveyor-General'of his Majefties Works. Mailer of the Robes belonging to his Ma jefties Perfon, is at pfefent the Honourable Colonel ffenry Sidney, Brother to the Earl of leicejkr-, his OfEce is to have the ordering of all his Ma¬ jeliies Robes,as thofe of cotonitm,. January. , May. . •pVU. Belie. i J D^.-Cliv Dr. Alilles.. Dr. Dove, • Dr. Bathur/t,. . Dr. SHihury. Dr. Only, ■ Mr. Miiyt Febiraariy. ; June. ' Dr. Gridoci,^ Dr. Tierce. Dr. Tennifoti. pr, ^ i 1 ; ’BTi lrenfU, Dr. Lmbei,-’ Dr. luller, : Dr. iJttlem. Dr> br. Smmom. Dr. Arderne,. Ijii April. 1 A\Jgulf. Dr. Stilibgpet. D‘r. n'diiir#. Dr. rillotfon. Dr. ^mes. Dr.rmcent. Dr. C/e^^ie. DP PffWJ, 1 Dr. mofer. 1 2 Stp. S3}t ^tate September. Dr. Siuilitig. Mr. Stmdijh.. Dr. lee. Dr. Creigbm, Oftober. Dr. wmen. Dr. Eom. Dr. Gooimin. Dr. Beveridge, November. Dr. Sitiiih Dr. fenne. Dr. Cole. Dr. MtrrfhvU. December. Dr. Bull. Dr. Patrick,. Dr. Sffit. Dr. ffotden. Thefe Forty E'glit Chaplains in Ordinary, are ufually Doftors in Divinity, and for the moll part Deans or Prebends, and all eminent Preachers. The King hath more Chaplains in Ordinary than the forenamed forty eight. Some of whom do wait by appointment in the room of thofe, who by reafon of fickneG or other hinderances cannot give their attendance, fuch arc Dr. ^ohn Moumgue Deputy Clerk of the Clofet. Dr. Ndthdniil f'lHcent, Dr. GfOige Bklis. Dr. Ttomis Plume. Dr. ienjimia CaUmj. Mr. Sdwird lone. Bf ENGLAND. His Maielfy hath more Chaplains m Or¬ dinary than do at any time attend upon him. And belides thefe, there are alfo many others fvvorn extraordinary, It being in the Kings power, to have as many Chaplains as He pleafes. Phjfnms in Ordindry to Hit Mijefiies Ferfon, Ph/iihu- ^''s’ir Ciirles Sathototigh,. Firft and rrincipal Piiyfitian. Dr. WethetUyy Dr. irdy^ Ptyfiim in OMkity to tbs Hoiijhold. Dr. Bitbenfon. Sir ChirksSmhomgbfovthcTovietot ion- ion. Mr. Robert Bur/itll Apotheeary there, Moreover, there are above a dozen other able Phyfitians, who-are the Kings fworn Ser- - vants, but wait not, nor have Fee, as Dr. Winiebmbe, &c. ' fewel-houfe. Sir GiJbert Tilbot, Mailer and Treafurer of his Majellies Jewels and Plate--; and three other OlEcers, ^ohn Gilbert i Philip Briiill, Thomuyinet Groom, walterBtUM Clerk, Whofe Office is to take charge of all, VeK fels of Gold-or Silver gilt for the King and Queens Table; of all Plate imthe Tower-; of Chains and Loofe Jewels,- not fixed to any 13 3 74 Miifierof The Office of Matter of the Ceremonies ibe Cere- was inftituted by JKing fmss for the more mmes, honourable Reception of Ambaffadors and Strangers of Quality; now held by Sir Charles conerel Knight^ who executed the fame in the late Kings time, during the Civil Wars: in conlideration whereof, and of his having followed his prefent Majetties fortune abroad, till his happy Reftauration, He was pleafed, as a Mark of his favour, and of the faid Office, to put about his neck fthe day before his Co¬ ronation) a Chain of Gold, with a Medal under the Crown of England, having on the one fide an Emblem of Peace, with ,King Jamei’sMotto, BcftiPacipci} and ontheother an Emblem of War, with Eieu Mon Ernie ; which Mark is to continue to his Succelfdrs; bis SaUry is 200A fer The Officeof Affittant Matter of the Cere- monies, is now held by his Son Charles cet- terel Efquire, who is, to execute the fame employment in all Points whenlbever the ether is abfent; bis Salary is 121/. 137. 4d. annum. The Marlhal Of the Ceremonies is their Officer, for the more eafie performance of the faid Services, being fubordinate to them both, and is to adl nothing but by the direflions of one of them: This. Office is now held by Mr. Richard k Pas, with the Salary of too/. pet annum. Amongft His- Majetties' Servant's in Ordi¬ nary,are tobe. reckoned tlie there IQhgs of Arms, Six iteraUs 01'Du^sof Arms, as they have been heretofore filed and Four Furfuivanrs at Arms,. tjre now iQxss of Arms being thefe,: Pirft, sif uilliam , e£ E'MG iL.'ANlD. i of theG-iHer, aftd rals of the Kn'#f^,of Aat Of the Peers of thiS.Realm; and to direct thingselfe relating to-Arms,.which do apper¬ tain to the Peerage., .SecondIy.:Sir., jt* treat, and whatfoever elfe therd relateth to. Arms. , _ ^ Thirdly.; r,rThomSt. G^W wh'ofe Title is.^orry;.> andAW^pfei.^QJhCf is cHiefly to rdgutMe arid direil throughout his Province on the North or yretit. The fix HotWj, of IJn'ies of ,^mt,.are: thefe; lipistt JPevHiilh-’Efqoke, tSyp- sfeia JOijsdiile Efquire,' Wm[pr-_. FrMff SM'd/ord Efqairei' ffetif) Deifet Efquire, A'"'"'®!!. Thom May mncif Burghill Eiquire, wwcr/et.. i']6 p^efent jgptate. 7I)e four Turfuivitts are thefe, viz. Ttma^ Mford Gent. Portcullite, John Gitbon Gent. Slfmmmle. . jyenry'BaH Gent. l^uge-Croix: Gregory IQng Gent, Aouge-Vritpn. . The Offices of wlrich RerMs and Purfi/lvktits befides their fervices (wtall, or fomeof them^ at great Solemnities, as aforefaid.-are,, together with the faid Kings of Arms, to'attend at all publitk Solemnities; and they, or fome of tteni, to Proclaim War or Peace, carry Defi¬ ances, fummon Fortified Places, or Rebels id Arms, proclaim Traitors; and to do their belt fervice in cvhatfoever relateth to the Nobility and Gentry of this Realm, in point of Honour and Arms,. ' Alfe among P/ir Mijefiies Servants in Ordiniry are Reclconed. One Poet imeti, and one RifioTtogufM Soya], the molt Ingenious and Learned John DreydinEfq-, Fee 300/. feriimum. One Library~}^eper, Renry Thyme Efq; One Cofmographer, ttillim jlftr,g4»Efq;* One Publicly Nottry^ 0 / of ENGtANEJ. Of the Wardrohes.- rTHe-KinghathCbefidesthe 1 whereof a particular account lhall be givea elfewhere) dlers «anding at fihUehih Hdmpton-court. the roy of wZ 7 (jmU&c! whereof there are ch- ''^Lahly Jhere is the ssnsrsisrs: who hath the dilpofins of the vacant 1 la . Here are fe OfScersj: . pW/ip Yeomau of'the War¬ drobe. DdMBoiges, ^ Thomis Tdyler. > WaS«" Michtet B««ow. ^ S are at length divided into three pa s thereof the Yeomaniiath one lor^h.sow n ule tjie llandi ng mrdrobes, the great mrdrobe, and iheRobes, ^mesGiUoniEHjaiK, Sakry i2oU Irtthe-OfSteof theiTfXff.-^'sj'ij, Hajes, and; XavWiims, Charles BoUes Efqv JiJmm Sfilnm Efq; JokWrgfo. Efq; Mafers for' tbeit Lives, and tlje- longer liver of them. Four Yeomen, one iSrqom, one (ion^troller, U.-Bjiravge Symes ,^q-,, one^ierhof the. Tentsi, . A-.Mafier of the Revels, Charlts-^lligrew. 0q; whofe'Office- is w order alt thingseon- cerning-GomedieSjJdasks at Court. Sc; There is one Yeoman' .flesi)',f/arri#, and one Groom ^ehnclar^: Comedim, .above-Twenty Men, and at lean:- mdozen Women. , Engraver, Sculptor, oneineach O^fe. In the office of the Robes,- there is the afore- - mentioned'the-,Honourable Hemy -Sidtity,Muller of the Robes, One Yeoman, Tohias Bu/at Efqi Three Grooms- of the Rohes, { Gilbert Spencefi. Francis Turceil, Vivid. Gnhms, One Page, Charles Blinds Two Purveyors. OneBrufiier, ^ohn.Phtsi OneTaylor, fehtuHays. On* Dyar^ One Gird/er. One Clerkr One Laceman, william. Gofliir, One Cutter and Racer. Two Embroiderers. Two iirh(Gvi^t > 79 - ■irtoSilkmert.;.- j,.--. One Shoemaker, ^obnTeti. One Perfumer. ^ , One Feather-maker,' ■ One Milliner, Gedrgsn'iimr. ■ One Mercer, Nichoht! Founds.- ^ ■ One, Holier,'. fM«W J^xfinun, OneDraper. ' ' ' -OneM^Gorvn-makerVK«^««^’'^*’ is^Mss' inwall thirty .three;- • • • SlSiSiSSi Thirtyfolir ocher perfons. ^ Ofta-houncls,-. .fiffl«» Smiih ErqV, Mallet-of, the Otter-hounds, and h f .h^-Tower Maher of th^- Ord-, • liorer, -« thefecondPartof A, Book. Meffengers of the ^hamK , forty twa. MuBtiansa Pie |P;erent j&tatr Mulitiins in Ordinary, Cxty two, which are ranked in thcfe three degrees, vk>-' Trivate MuM, Hini /4ufcl(. and twenty tour rioHm.. Gf all which , as alfo of the. Inlfrumentar Mufick of the Chappel,, Dr. Nkhola Suims is Mailer. Trumpeters in- Ordinary are flxfeen, and ene Kettle Drummer, of whom Gerunf Vrjce Ef#r«iw£r Efquire. . Gilbert EJgles Efquire. - Hougbtm Morgan Efquire.. ffenrj Ptogers Efquire. Nkholm Armorer Knight, Gbarles Adderly Efquire. Sryan Fabrfiix Efquire.. . Pope Efquire. Eo'bert Vye Knight. . 'Eiinond Windham Efquire. tkomis I’m Efquire. Tihe- ...Bf-ENG^LAKa 1^5 ■ The Fee te each of thefe, is only 20 ?. veSy, according to the antient Cuftom ybut he L4 allovrtncefor Diet to each^oo . yearly, belides Lodgings, and two Horle W‘pl>Crd£gE(ili whofe ^ the places following are m the giftof the Ji^- ci«k.rteS..kfc,,Jt. Yeomen potveyofs and Sranitors of the StMs, viz. fohn PflSWKD'. .Ataiotq Jsrt. Thomx Mfer, ^obn Cot^Hng. thomia Meiticott. Arthur VomB. . Thomts ^oym. Henry Eilin, Four Yeomen Riders, ^ur Ghi tos. Yeomanof the Stirrup, SergeanNMarftal, and Yeomen-FarrierS', four Gro°m-Fart>ers> ®r geants of the Carnage, ‘^ree Surveyors, a Squire, and Yeomen Sadlers, a Yeoman P«k man,la Yeoman.Bitmaker, four ^oacto , eight Littermen, a Yeomanof the Clofe Wag¬ gon, lixty four Grooms of the St^lc, thirty are called Groom of the . and thirty four of the Humg a"'! twenty fix Footmen in their Liveries, to run by the King’s Horfe. „ _ Ambrofe Norton Efquire, Surveyor of the There is:(befides feme other Officersi .no^ here named;) an Antient Qfficer.in.the King’s Houftold,. called f/ert of. who ■within the. Verge of the King’s HOuihohU is to Iccep a ftandardof all'Weights and Mc.afesV and to burn all falfe Weights, and N'.eafures; and from the patern of this Standard; ire to. be taken all. the weights and meafiires Of the Kingdom. There are divers other Officers belonging', to the King, .pf.great importance, which are.- not fubordinate to any the three foi'e-menti? onedffwat officers, as Mcjlet of ik Great Ward-- robe, Foll-Mafier,.MaficroftkeOrinipe, warden, of the Mint:, whereof in the fecond fart of this- Book. ■ In the Court of King ^ there were many more Offices, dnd. to .iftany Offices there belonged many .more perfdns', which King Charles the Firft mnth leffened, and the - yrefent.King now Reigning hath yet leffened- much more. . - ' * . Upon . the . King are aifo,-atte'iding . in hiS Court,'.the Lords! of the Pri.yy-Gouhcili Se:, cretaries pf .Jnte,. the Severend judges; the learned ^Oolledgc, of. Civilians fBe- King's Counplat.Law, the.King’sSergeantsalLaw;, the Mailers of Requefe,-. Clerks of the Signet; Clerks of the, Cdnn'cili Keeper of the.Pa'per- Office,.,o.r.Papers of .State,Sia ofall tvh'oift: take the Catalogue following. Council. \ Archbiihop of cmir- VV ^ALoratJ^i/MLot^eei^r “j<.»D.kof l»taSK»iraithii 4««- /ftmDukeof WwWjffe' Henry Duke of B'edufiri: ■ “ wi“f *mm, i«a eiiiibtriiU ofhisMajgllies'HoftffioW. Ju^itf Eifl of Oxford. ‘ibeopbMtziiof. Vtimngtiri. ioh»'Em of Mdmter.‘ . Henf)' ESrl of Mew EMOf StJerhtniorte e Principal'Secretarfe's of State. Henry Earl of c-yeM. - ^ . Earl of Bnth, Groom of tfie! Store te His Majelty. willim Earl of cnveii- J^totEarlof Ailesbury^ Daniel E^rl of Uotthgbam, Firft Commiflioner of the Admiralty. Zanrer.ee Earlof ^cbejler, Firft ConiiniflioBsr of the Treafury. Tbum Vifcount Vaukonherg. ' Henri Lord Eilhopof London. GeorgeLoxi Danmmh, Matter General of His Majefties Ordinance. Henry-Cavemri Efquire. ' Sir Leolinejenl^iis Knight, one of His Ma? jellies Principal Secretaries of State. Sir ^obn Ernie Knight, Chancellor of the Exchequer^ SitTbemu CWrfe/ej'knight, Chancellor of the Sir George Jefferies Knight, Lord Chief Jjiftice ef the King’s Bench. Sdnard Seymour Efquire. Sidney Gedolfbin Efquire. The certain Council-Days are Wednesdays and Ftiitys in the Mornings, except in Term-time, then they are in the Afternoons ; And when the Court k at Windfor, His Majeity does for rho mod part appoint the Councii to.meetat Ham- fson-cours on T'burfdays: But for the more eafie difpatch of Euiinefs, they have thought to divide themfelves into divers Standing Com¬ mittees ; three whereof to be a ^orum, and to meet as often as they pleafe. Where note, that the Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper,. Lord Preiident, Lord Privy SeaUnd two Secretaries, are of all Committees. of ENGLAND. % The lords of thefe Committles of Council being often changed by reafon of their beingout of Town, others are api«i.nted by his Mafelly in theiy deads, and therefore no certainty of their Lifts. The names of thefe Committies are.; The Committee for Intelligence. The Committee for Iteknd. The Committee for Trade, Plantations. Alfo for confiderawn of the *f fairs of the Ifles of ferfey and GumJej. and the little Ifles depending on them. . The Clerks of the Council are; Sir iol* WWoIwKnight of the isth ; whois alfo Keeper of the Records of the Council. Sir Philip Lloyd Knight. ^ 'At Thomu ' tuiicU Guym'&Wte. The Clerks of the Comcit Extraordina- ms ^£at0 Their Glirks zrCf' , yiufehGiiiiukt, who, is alfo under Keeper of the ■Records of the Cojipijii, Mr. Edtoird Llojii. Mr. ffetiry B/dl- Mr. Pbili’f Aiadoxi Keepers of the['Cou)jcil-Chanib.er. Mr., Pffijfm- cpki;S‘ Mr. ^hfitfelCox. Md fohii'cox^ ■ . . The prefent Friwipd Secretaries of^ State ar&-. ' • S I R Leojine .Krf.ght, a.Reifpii,of beat ABfllties,: and'.fuaefsfp.r 'Negotia¬ tions r'pbticular'ljr'a^, thej late _ Treaty., at Nimeguen, where .lie.was liis^M^eftie.s. Henipo- tentiary, and afhis'return,j.had, tips, Honpiir and Truif conferred upon hiiu. ' And the Right Honourable, ppheyt .Earl .oj; Suniet-lMdi Einin'ent f0PhiS->gre.af'EKpbience and Abilities, both abroad and at haju.a Their chief SecrstatiessasdeMhemaseti 7ohn cooie Efquire, fecretarysto Sit-Zeaike Jettbim. ' Bridgmsti Efquire Secretary to the Earl of Sfwder/ffld. TiOe o! EMGL 4 N;,E>- 191 ■ T:k of, jSerf m '\ s\t Charles catterel. • Thomas Povey Efquire. Sir tvilliam Glafcock.- Cbitlts Motley Chr,ks Qf. : - sM«^Bei ■Sir.Frmu Pemkrm. SvMSaysErquirs. 3^ohn Purker Efquire. Birm ErquireJ Gosdfdlorv. Sir Thom Siipwilb. Tboms’^atvlins. .Sir Ifdhn Boyntoii. . ■ ^fM/s/Erqurre. fohn Twner Efquire. ■ ■ Copiers. Sir Kkhohs Pedley, , Sir i(okrt shajto. Tbo'misSimdegSqima. ' l^oben ‘ , ■(. j ■ . Efquire. Seigeant “S Efquire. I ffobx ifixdba/n.' ' Edivin wyst. Edmrd ’Burch'.. Henry Bditiypfietd, ■ Sir-Edmrd Nivik .. Sir ,PmI Birrett. . ^ .Mlhbiry •Fa.rr'utgm. ‘ foltn'feffrefon. ■ Edwnrd'lmwkhe, ' Sicbird.Heah, Heriry Selby, fohn Mibrngm, Tbomns Powel, OMxWkne. \Sir George Tudfey. 19$ §fttm ^atc The Names of the Chief Judges of the Civil LaWf and Ecclejiafiical Courts^ many whereof are DoSlors exercent in the Court of Jrches. S I R' /Joim vrifemttt, DoiSor of Laws. Judge of the Arches Court, and Vicar General in the Province of Ctntabut^. Sir teoline fen^ixs, Doftor of Laws, Judge both of the Admiralty and of the Prerogative Courts, and one of the Principal Secretaries of State, Sir Thornes Exton, Doflor of Laws, his Ma- jellies Advocate General, and Chancellor to the Lord Biihop of lotidon. Sir Richati Uojd, Doflor of Laws, Advocate General to the Lord High Admiral of Etfilmt, Chancellor to the Lord Biihop of Vurbam, and to the Lord Biihop of SitTimotbj Bdimn, Dodlorof Laws,Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Biihop of Hereford, and to the Lord Biihop of Worcefier. Herr) Almonb, Doflorof Laws, and Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Biihop of Oxonl , v Edward Majler, Doflorof Laws, and Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Bifliop of RxOn. Sir Edward Lowe, Doflsr of Laws, one of the Mailers in Chancery, and Chancellor to the ' Lord Biihop of Sar'm,- ir/i’MM TramM, Dodlor of Laws, and Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Biihop of I{ocbeJler. Benr) EaUonbttg, Dodlorof Laws, Secretary to his Grace the LordArchbilhopof Cant'etburL, anJ Chancellor to the Biihop of St. Afa{b. Ibom cf ENGLAND. 2';7 ThnisVinfiU. Doflorof Laws, anil Chan¬ cellor to the Lord BilhopoF nUlstrd Dofior of Laws, and’Chan- cellor to the Lord Bifhop. of Covcntf}, and ''xfimis Eri£gr, VbitoT of Laws, and Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Bilhojjpf ciicif/lir. iFiliiM Ftjhr, Dofler of Laws, Chancellor to theLordBiihopofLwctf/n. „ ,, Kdbett PepjKf, DoSor of Laws, Chancellor- totheLordBilhopofT^oiwicfe. DoSor BAjky, Chancellor to the Lord Bilho? of Baiiand H'effr. Doftor Wdinrorighti Chancellor to the Lord ^'doSoi- jifi, Chancellor to the ^rdBiihop: of Brl/hh 1. T j DoCior Pmhgton, Chancellor to the Lord. *'^^or P«OT/jChaacelIortotheLord Bilhop^ . ChanccHor to the Lord- Bift-jop of CarJiyjf. See niMein the fecpnd^bL Of the MilitaryGovermnevt at the Kings' Cmrt', Jndfirfiof the Horfe Guards.. A S in a Kingdom, becaufeCiTil Governors" propqCng Temporal and Ecclefiallical ^ Governors Eternal Rewards and Punilhments, ■ ate not fufficient tofecure Peace-, therefore a Military Force is always in readinefs:. So in; the Kings.Gourtj.befides Civiland Ecctefia- K 3, “icil* 'mie §;eCE«t flical Officers, it is thought neceflary always to have in readinefs Military Officers and Sol¬ diers, to preferve the Kings ferfon; where¬ upon depends; the Peace and Safety of all His Subjedls, which are His Guards of Horfe and Foot. The Guards of Horfe, which the Spni- Ofds call Gmriis de i Civdllo-, the French, Gmtis du Corps ; the Germm , Zich Gar dp ; and 1VC life Guard: That is, the Guards of the Kings Body, do confift of Six hundred Horfemen, well Armed and Equipped; and are. fertile molt part Reformed Officers, and young Gentlemen of very confidetable Families, who are there made, tit for Military Commands. They are divided into Three Troops, viz. The Kings Troop, diltinguiihed by their Blew Ribons and Carbine Belts with Gold- and Silver Lace, thek Red Hoofes and Houlfter Caps Embroj'dered with His.,Ma- jefties Cypher. and Grown. The Qiieens Troop by Green Ribbons, Carbine Belts covered with Green Vefvet and Gold Lace, alfo Green Hoofes and Hollfer Gaps, Embroy- dered with the fame Cypher and Crown; and the • Dukes Troop by Yellow Ribbons, and Carbine Belts, and Yellow Hoofes, Em.' broydered' as the others. In each of which Troops. are Two Hundred Gentlemen, be- fides' Orheers. Tk m Commmden by ms pher I^»ke of Albemarlev^f.; ;. The Captain and Colo^l. ;_.. .: ,. ,. ,..._ By th eir-.C C ' Ohml 'Edwitrd Fillers,- 1 ^ elder.Sohi®tteL(}r,ii ' .■ 1 - ; ; VilcouRt Gnndi[on. | ‘ - ‘ £ol.; -Kimrd #««•- ■- > ■ ieutenMt (;»]•,^Eimriffr,fa. ■: I Snels • wr jntte Queejas; Regiment . ; " of Horfe,:!i!c:;:S ii - 5ir-ff(t/ter. lajor; falm Lord mieley, -—Gnidon and Major. ^K#l««-D^frErqr>Quartermafterandq^^^^ Dr. Jsmes Gtirdintr, -— rk^,sms-E(i^. -Chirurgeon. Brigadiers arid- Lieutenants., Cap'. le«if Billingfley, Gap'. }(ohen Eowell, Cap',, ^ohn Mynes,^ Qzfa Thomas Tiick., ■'T^ere-arealfo-RourGentldmen, who^eom- Hundas-OfScers, but have no Commiffions. K-. 4, i 200 Mdwird Simms. Tkmts Wilford. Bohn Btiihfni. estrgt Ni^ltr,. Biih Jijho'. Senjsmh ^goit, Micbatl Meat. Boh Mfjfet. 7 Sub-CorporaJe, > Or .^.Sub-Brigadiers. Trut« ^IcrtMiKffiig, -Kettl9-Dr«ramer. trrnm cbipmtn Efg;-Cterkof the Tr*dp. To each Troopof Guards there now is ad- ded by Efiablifliment a Troop of Granadiers, (onliding of iixty four hfcn, belrdes Olkeis, wliicn IS commanded by the Captain of the Troopof Guards to whom itbelongs.: The Oncers ef the Kings Troef jefQrst. m£ei^s,arc as follow, ,, ^, CipyB^^'ifier, Cap^. mmsGoli Ifghm ffsmu, Bph Tmh, WtUkm Cbifmsn, Wiher HEiims, I lieutenalnts. . I Ser5eanf£ Gorporaifc ^upwiers- -Two. The sf'ENGLA'ND:- 2 ©t 7k QIJEENS Troop of His jejlies Gifardsj Comnsttded hy the' Honour^ Sir Philip. Howard' The Captain and Colonel.' BytheirCommifliotrs.-- Qlr (?«««. Hmj'tKt. \ PcHw/ft form riy (lieutenants, and t a Brigadier, and Colonel ( I.ieutenant- • of a Regiment of Foot' Colonels.. in i'Uidsrs. ■ J Chiles Oriyyfqmre/oTmsrl'/y lieutenant- Colonel to Sir R Cdru't and i Jobs fslbot’s Regiment ofC Major* Dragoons.. Col.. John Dtrcy, eHelf Son> O,m^lo|i aftd.l toXMferr Lord y' ' Stejbr.- Hj/l/awfpfeK Brqoire, for-'\ ' , merlyaCaptainof Horfe/ Ogaitermalt^r r under the late Duke of > anl Albemirk in His-Majcllies \ ' Captain. • fert'ice* ^ Mr.. Scnjitmh BarsSt',-. -Chaplain.'. Tyxi-.fUhTmitbici,— -L—GJiirurgfoii.i. S.\5i mrgi-- 19 ^ Cap'. Gtn^e coUk^moi, Cap', yokti Staphs', formerly / ' ^ Cap', of the C^ieens Troopl BrigadierrSc: of Granacliers,' vLieutenapts. Cipt'. folm chhbm, k Cap'. Richard Srom,. ) Hkhird Beal,. Sicbard Bath.m, Ceo've Howardi Mkhil Stadholm, , Sub-Cor¬ porals. -Kettle-Drummer,. ? Tsrumpe- iVilliam.Bomy,. William Bull, Thomas Barwtll, Matthias shoare. Thilip Jpres Efquire, — Clerk of the Troop. Lift- of the Names of the Officers of the fdueens Troof of Granadiers. ' '' Cap'. Richard Potter,. Cap', Jlpbin Dixon, $okn Du^las, Hemp Morgan, Nicholas Pretty, William tlumCj Hsutbois_ Diummersj -- ^ Sergeants, CorporaUs. —^-Four. -—.—Two; Bid His Roul Bghnefs the DUK^ S- '■ Tmp of m MAjepes Giiards,, v'^jContffifi^tikdSy.- the.x^ighl'^- Hi- '■■ 'mtrdk LOUIS ■ ,Iliam,,:; ^ ^ :/ •'' ■' ■ The Captain and Colonel. ' ' By tlieiv CowmiffibiiSi- T). Obeti iVericn, I.itea Bi'iga-' (tier in tlie i^ew. railed Forces, and formerly a'Cdlonel of a Regiment of' Idorfi, -ami now Comptroller of WslRdpaj Highnefs’s Houlhold. ' ' i rheophiluiOokthorp, /ate Major to.i ■;^#R9yal Regi'. of Dragoons. Lieutenants; ami ’lieuten-mt--- Colonels. J’hilip Vjrcu fecond:fon to the) Cornet ami! Loa\ ConiirS’ ' S ShtoiiMdjw, formerly Major'V ,te the Duke of Rf ' Y ■giraent df Hdrfein fr<;art-, and > after Lieutenant-Colonel to the \ .lame Regi inenc licre.j n ir.glpdt ■ Guitioai arid .Majom. FitJiaaiiii l^jlasnio Stanboptylite a- y Captain-of a.Troop-of'C Quartermafier' Hoife inhis Hoyal High- C and CapWin. ncfies Regiment.. . Jiie Su^Brigadiers, orSub-Corjpralsy, JJinrjf l^hubOrnr- Nairj Griffitby Smmi Nmifon,. Samuel jEsgli/J, CmeliMVinitr Znii) .—s-Kettk-Drujnmer. ^bijt Sei^ifiefi .. J Peter LeJever, C Trumpcr Philips,-. ^ ters. : -Mefes.Philips,.J Mantes BtUfftuis Efqv-s-^caerkiof the Troop, The. fifEN^IiAN©. ru oncers of the^ Dukes- Troof of QymdicrS'j ate as^ follow., Afithonj Hfffiri,. |:.LieBteiWhtSk ^ihVMg^H. . \ Gatj^Brifcoe’,^ Sergeant^.- Jnitevf Uw, ^ -5 ^ ■ j mmj Fitz Fiiric^, I eerporals> rimts DiiiK): , S-' , i Hawbois, —-—- ^Foue. Drummers,—— -. ' /r. -—Two. Each of thefe three Trbopsiis divided into ■ fbiir SquadrooK' Or Divifions;,Two.of which confining of One Hundred Gentlemen ; and. commanded by one Principal.'.Qofnmiflioi^d 'Officer, two Brigadiers, ind two'Sub-Briga¬ diers, with two.Trumpets, mount tte Guard, one day in fix, and are relieved iil thmr turns... Their duty isalways by partieafrom'the Gnatd> to attend the perfonof the King,-'the'Queen, the Duke, and the Dutchefs.'.wherefoever- they go near, home; but if out of Town, they are attended by .detachments out of . the. three... Kfidesthis, there is a more firifl duty .and attendance weekly on the King’s Perfon on foot, wherefoeYer hewalks, from nis Rifing.to bis going going to Bed ; and this is performed by one of' tbelkeeXIaptaiiis^iyhaalways-waits immedi¬ ately next to the Kings own Perfon, before all Sj sariil'jpg'in bfeJiaMaip gl^py Sta/f.'or Truncheon^ with a Gold Hegd, engraved with His,Majelties Cypherand'Crown:'Near him al- fo attends another principal Commiffion’d Offi¬ cer, with an E^ony Staff and Silver Ifcad,AvJ^o is:.rgSdy!tP!re)_ieve the Captain on pccaiidh.sj and at the fame time alfo two Brigadiers.havibi likewile Ebony. Staves, headed withivory, and Engrmaas tile others. There has , been lately added a Troop of Granadiers. to-each Troop offiSuards^ one'pi:- vifionof which, Mounts with a DiMfibnOf'the Troop to which they belong; the;' go ppton ■fihali-parties from the-GuSrd, pefform' -'Cen- try-duty on foot,, and attend the King alfp on foot, wfreniietVatks'abroaTi: ancTal^S ffiarch with great.detachments- ^ T He Duke of Alhmirk’s Pay as,' Captain. of-the laid- Jting’s 'Troop of Gijai'ds, ij I /. 10 j. ^erdkm'. '"The other two Gapfain?, vi^,' 'Uomril, mnd the Earlif'f^erfhm,-' to each I/. per diem. , A Lieutenants Pay of the (puar&is }c r’''’''. ■ "‘' '/I ■' .A Cofacts 'Pay of the 'jfihg’s-.Troop is rVf'. ierdiiit!.. . ■■ ■- - ■ - ■ ' ■ - Of, , Sif‘'P/v7rp fhBffPayljs- . .'Of ea.chpfflie other two Troopsis 1.3 r. ia*- diffSf; i 'IJ/.II:.:: i>- .; '■ ■' r •' '■ A GpidQ0$it9y IS 12 V. A^«oja3attei'sPayis«>«'' J®;.®'*’-.' ‘ : A Chaplains Pay is/5J/8d. per4m. ., A Chirorgeon 6and his-.CheitTHorte is. in all 8 ft p(r:4m. ' ... ; . A Brigadiers,;!)? Corporals Pay of the Kingis Troop is.7 jf per dto... .■ v-;- ' Of each of the other two Troops is 6 s. per 4m.- - ' ■ - A Trumpeter and Kettle-Drummer,, each la 4ft perdiew. A Sub’Corporal, or Snb-Brigadiers Pay, is- but equal to a Gentleman of the Troop,i/fe.. 4i. per.diem. ■ . ' ' ' ! J^he Fay of the Gramdiers ofHorfe^, u as folldweth.. A ,tieutenants Pay is 8ft ffrdifjs* . A Sergeants Pay is 4 ft. P 4m.- ACorporalsPayis qj. ferto.. . , A Haurbols,. and Drummer, 2ft 6,4. per A private- Souldiers- Pay is 2 s. 6 4.. per difWi As to the precedency of the refpeflive 0$- cersof his Majefties Guards of Horfe, by their Commifl'ions,. the Captains always Command as ■ ekleft Colonels of Horfe; the Lieutenants as eldelt Lieutenant-Colonels of Horfe; The Cor¬ nets and Guidons, as eldelt Majors of Horfe the quarter- ^or j&tttj QuarterraaBcrs, asyoungeflCaptains of Horfe; the Brigadiers, as eldei! Lieutenants of Horfe* ami amonga therafelves, overy Officer, accord-’ ^ng to the Date of his Commiflioo, when-on Detachments, but not when the three Troops march with their Colours, for then the Officer of tte eldea Troop commands thofe of equaf lam withhirain the others, though their Com- miflionsbeof eider datf.-. Next immediately after the three Troops of Guards. hisMajeliies Regiment of Horfe, Com¬ manded by the Right Honourable Aubrei Earl of oxferd, takesplace, and the Colonelof itis to have precedency, after the Captains of the Guards, and before all other Colonels of Horfe, whatfoeverchangemaybeof tlie Colonel, and all theOihcers thereof, in their proper degree, are to take place accordi'ngxo the^tes of their Commiiiionsr As to the Foot, the King’s own Regiment of Guaros, commanded hy his Grace the Duke of Grtfm takes place of all other Regi- ments, -and jte Colonel thereof is always to precede' as tVe-firll Colonel.; i he Coldilream Regiment, under the Command of the Hieht Honourable wilhm Earl of fruvs, takes the ■ next place. _ His Royal HigbaelTes Regiment ms Majulties houani Regiment, Commanded by the Earl of ^"fe'ive. nndall'othec Coknels, accordin'’ to thextates of tiieif Commii’mn^. ,An other Regim*ntsof -.;.'o'.re or Fo'otynot of the Giwrds, takeplacenrcorcimg to tlwir re- fpeaiye .f n.orit.es from rhe ti-nl they were in,--- f jts prece- aencj.iy die deathof its-Coknti, Touching^ of ENGLAND. •TGDchHis His Majefties Foot Gnards, and all other Military Forces,with the Natn« of their chief Officers, See the Military Government of iig/iw.in tbelecoiitt part of this Book. Of the Getitlemeif Vetifmers. /V T home within the King’s Houfe it is Pi, thought fit,that the King^s Perfoafliould have a Guard, both above and below Itairs. In the Frefciice-Chimier therefore wait the Honourable Band of Gentlmett-Ven^s, firlt inflituted by King Bast) the Seventh, and chofen uraally, in all times fince, out of the belt and noil antient Families of Eralatd, not only for a- faithful Guard to the King’s Perfon, but to be as a Nurfery to breed up hopeful Gentlemen, arid fit them Ibrimployments both Civil and Mi¬ litary, as well abroad as at home, as Deputies, of Irekiii, Ambaffadors in Foreign parts, Coun- fellors of State, Gaptainsof the Guard, Gover- Bonrs of Places, and Commanders in the Wars, both by land and Sea; of allwhich, there have been examples.as Geotge Lord Captain of the Penfioners, at the death of Sh- zaieth, intimated in a Letter to Jting Jam*;, before he came to &£kniL ■ 'Their Office is-to attend the-Kirig's Perfon. to and from his Ghappel, only as far as the Privy Chamber; alfoln all other Solemnities, as Cormtions, Puilic'i ^iidiesKe of Ambipim, &c.. They are forty in-nnmber, over whom- ' there. 210 there is a Captain, ufually'fortie :P0er pf'tlie siientenant.-.a Standarcl^ljeareri .and a'CIerki-cf'thp ckcj^uej: vyho are.at.prtfentas foUoweth; '.j ; rr.-.- ■;.! ■■■ Tk BAND of ■Qtntlmtn-Bcn' footers, R Obert'Earl Sarfda’e, Captain, looo/. frawsf ri/Zerx Efq; fenofid fen to: tlK I^rd Y)f6eM8t}6M»#Bi.Ue.utena)i?t2$00'k,::;.. Sir iV/Vfo/(».s/i!asw^cKni|ht of theSstii, and Baronet, Standard-Bearer, 310/. n’H'iitm risMiif Efqi’Clerk-of the GhecqBe, lao/. .. . ' ■ „■ '■5ir;R?r//;.?»l;-Cwfar,r-. L', j It;- ' ■AtiiM/(?a«rf/Efqtiir&- ’. - • /ftgSi; Toot Efquiae. Sir,J«fei foh msi Efquire, Sa.nohertffsirar'; Tbmat Shetttritn ’ ■ ' -toff mpb} Efquire. " ’ Citiffto Br«: Efquire. 4britkm Clifbe Efquire. . jfipfoi ffHbben Enquire. ^oka if’ejl Efquire, - . ifTilUm Jihm Efquire. 0oh» Brewer Efquire- L i'-' Efquire, l.-.rr . welter Mket Elquire, v.,; <5.«r^e. f4w«®0M Efquire, Sdmri Cm.thm. Efquire.., Cberlis cf ENGLAND. Chirles Gvfimck. Efquire.' • . Mvmti 6/>if8 Efquire.' ■ y ■ Sir Gemti Vumn FUemoi. ■ Thoim FmcU Efquire. Dime] yivsia Efquire.. Thomas Edmonds Ef^ire. Sk-Thontis Ejevem, Baronet. chirks Cludde Efquire. Chriaopber Tuner Efquire. Henry Needier Efquire. wMtn Egwky Efquire. Edroird Maynard Efquire. KBg Efquire. Feter cook, Efquire. - Efquire.. lancelot leakf Efquire. • Efquire. sEimtii Windham ESyaixe. - •• lyiB Efquire. WiMam lem Efquire.- Feetoeachpf thefeioo.^. yearly. Eichard child Gentleman Harlnnger, topro- vidaodgingsfbrtiiem.,andto.#E;the € er^ of the cheese in his. ahrence..as Ins Deputy, ^ his Fee 70.1. yearly.:,.; . ', ■ All the Band and QfScers are fworn by the Clerk of theC&r^ae, Cexcept the Captain) for whichhehath aFeeof 5/. 10 a. . The Band wait half, at a time quarterly; thefe that are in quarter wait daily, Fiveata time, upon the ■Kin& inthe'Houfe, and when he walks abroad. Upon S(i«:i0;er8nt 9U Their ordiha^ Arms are Gilt Pole-axes. Their. Arms ^ are Guiraffiers on.Horfefaack in timeof .War. Arras, with Sword and Piilols. under the Lord^Ghamkrlain, hut anly under their own S '’y Clerk take notice 2^? te Duty. ** ^Their Sfandard.bsrn in timeof War, is. ji tfofi Gules hi Field Ar^nt, alfo FmBcfidt,, Of the teomen of the GsMrdi, A ®m, in the firli Room ab^e Stairs, caP led tbeCHird-cbimler, attend the ttemen whereof there Z S fifty Men, of Gentry,., andof larger as to K fe foot high) there are at weftnt Yeomenin daily waiting, and Se- and as any one of ft'aU die.. his place to be ffled the&venty.. Thefe wear'Scarlet Coatsdowntotheknee, and Scarlet Breeches, ^th richly guarded with Black Velvet, and rich Badges upon their Coats, before-and behind,- hfore- oe ENGLAND. Moreover, Black Velvet round broad crowned Caps, (according to the modeufed in the Reign oiHenr] the Eighth) with Ribands King’s Colour: One half of them of late bear in their Hands Harquebuzes, and the other half Partizans, with large Swords by their lides. They have Wages and Diet allowed them. Their Office is to wait upon the King in his Handing Houfcs, Forty by day, and Twenty to watch by night; about the Ci^. to wait upon the King’s Perfon abroad, by Water or Land. the Officers of the teoma of His MsjefiiesGHardsy are G Eme Lord Vifcount GmUfo*. Cap¬ tain. Thom ffowifi Efq; Lieutenant. Hem) Piem-Coh Efq; Enfign. Cbtrks yiUtfs, third Son of the.Lord Vif¬ count GurJifn, Clerk of the Check. Captain iJ'iBiiim ■ 7 Captain Roger Gainer, L E«empts or Joi* ■Soune’j Efquire. , f CorporalsiJ .ylsmiH Hewyit, Efquiae. i a too. Yeomen. 7*e ai4 y^TieJ>dact-J(oya}, (m)oie v'effa Djg. mutff)’is'eserhpted from all Juriftfidfionofany Coart, Civil, or Ecclefiaftical, but .only to'the Lor&siewifd, and in hif abience,- to the'rrM- fiireraad CamptroHerof thbUngsitloipi'old, with the Stmard of the Mr/Jii%/wlio may; by vir¬ tue of their Office, without Commiffion,- hear and.determine all Treafoiis j Felonies, dreaches of the fence, committed -Withm the King's court ot Mace. The rtoft etcellent^Cyrdersand Stiles for the Demeanor and Carriageof aff Ofeefs and Servants in the King’s Cok«, are to be feen in feveral Tablei, hung up inJeveral Rooms at the Court, and Signed with the Kirtg’sownHandj'Ind'fvorthy to bereadof all Strangers. . ■ , : - The King’s CourtorHoufe, where the King -relfdeth, is accoUnteda'.pIace fo racretl, t^tyf any Man prefume to ffrike anotllerwithlfl file Palace, where the King’s Royal Perfon relid«h, and by fiich a ifrokeonly draw Blood, his'Right Hand fhall be flricken off, and he committed to Perpetual impriforiment, and .fined. By the Antient Laws of Engkni, only ftriking in the ■Kifig’sCiwPtvaspuniiliedwitbd^thc and lofs of Goods.:^:. '- To make the deeper impreflion andterrour into Mens minds, for ftriking in the court, it hath been ordered, that the Punilhraent for ftriking Ihould be executed wifli great foiem- nity and ceremony, in brief thus: The -,Bf gNiGLANS?. 415 ’?S«o Scd^ “ StFireof:‘CoIe8bytheBlock,where)^ 1eSgIrons,broiishtbythech.ef Farrier, are Court. to te ready for the chief Surgeon.^ tlfe. Vi- ~ and coJd-.Water, brovi|ht by the Groa« Se Saucery; the chisf Officers alfo of tie ■Cellar andFaFtry, ■ aie.to bejieady, one-wi th a (Cap d/R ea Wihe,"dn^ •'^®,‘’*She“£d Chet, to- bffef :the Cnmmal, after the ^ •cutoff, andthe Stump feared? the Ewry-istobringLinnen to wind wraOtheArm. TteYeomaaof the^nltcy.a Cock to lay to it: the Yeoman'ef^he Ghandry. feared Cloths; the Mafter Cook a fliarp D/effer- , Knife? which at the placeof Execution, ■teldupriahtbyth&Sergeant of: Ae Lardfer, till Execution be rierfotmedby anOfficerappomted !After.all,’(htdl.be im^ during life, and Fined, and Ranfomed at the Kings Will-' f -; In the Kings Court, not '® [“i': bidden, hutalfo' alt ocafions of piking, ■ and therEftjre>theiiimr raith,' Nfas Ctmams m ■SumAamM^t Hid faiere Ifign, .ctftdWejlm'.'nd tilibimbt Kixrejideti the CT«« of the King of EngUnd, for Mag¬ nificence,'for Order, for Number, and Quali¬ ty of Officers, fotjich Fumitur^for Enter cmn- ■ ient and Cidi/iVtoflran^rs, ' •, bles, might compare-with ? ■fedom, and far excels molt Ccnrti abroad; -of ■4ne whereof fee the Defcriptioi made by mian- 21^ SItje i0;8ftnt geaious Perfon beyond Sea, writing to a Friend hi*at C(?«« there, Annimhii^'em isamicei qui(tin Aula n6i Savtmn hditttio efii qui Me [uU sniiut, (bumna licet effigie) r^uant, atque ubtSteletum Sciolt efi, £? Animarum jaSuta «. gens, ac quicquiiujpimefi ferfiU.acdoli,qiiic- quii erudelimie acMemcutta, quicquid effroM- tt -v ^ Wfiw aparitix, quicquid obfcemt miduU ae ftdijlma mpudicitia, quicquid «e> fanda impietatu & mtumpeffimnwn, totumillie aeenatur eumulatijhne:-, uii jiupra, upm, in- te/hu , adulterif, ubi ineiriari, jume, peperari, Atbeifmum projheri palam ptiucipum iS.nobilmm ludifuut-, ubifafu,(Stumor, its, livor, fcedaque euptdo cum (ociujuk imperofe videtja ; ubictim- urn omniumpoctlU, vittHtumm omminentr- rabtle uaujragium, &c. But the court of England, on the contrary, hath been (and is hoped ever will be) account* ed, asKing^^mradvifeth, (in hisSafflicon Do- ton) a Patem cf Godikefr. and all Bonefyuoi rirtue, the Propereft Schoolof Proaefs Md He- roici Demeanor, and the fitteft place of Educa¬ tion, for the Nobility and Gentry. The court of England hath for a.long time been a Patent of Bo/pitalityand Cbariiy, to the NobtlriyandGentryof England. AliNoWemen, or Gentlemen, Subjethor Strangers, that came accidentally to court, were freely entertained at the plentiful Tables of his Majefties Officers. Divers Services, orMeflesof Meat, were every day provided extraordinary for the Kina’s Ho¬ nour. Two hundred and forty Gallons of Beer a day were at the Buttery-Bar allowed for the Poor, belides all the broken Meat, Bread, CJe. gathered into Baskets, and given to the Poor at the Df ENGLAND' 217 the Court-Gates, by two Grooms, and two Yeomen of the Almonry, who have Salaries of his Majelly for that Service. ■ Moreover, the Lord Aimoner before-men¬ tioned, hath the priviledge to give the Kings Diib to whatfoever poor man he pleafes, that is, the firit Diihat Dinner whi:h is fet upon the Kings Tabie; or- in head thereof Four pence fer dkm, (which antientiy was fcquivoient to 4 s. now-J Nexthedillributes t024poormen, nominated by the Pariihioners of the Parifh adjacent to the Kings piace of Refidence, to eachof them four pence in money,- a two penny Loaf andaGaiionof Beer ; or in Read thereof three pence in money, equaiiy to be divided among them every morning, at feven of the ’ Giock at the Court-Gate, and every poor man before he receives the Aims is to repeat the Creed, and the lords Prayer, in the prefence of one of the Kings Chapiains, deputed by the Lord Aimonei' to be his Sub-Aimoner, who aifoistofcatternew-coyiied Two-pencesin the Towns and Piaces where the King palTes through in his progrefs, to a certain. Sum by the year. Befides, there are many poor Pen- fiohers to the King and Queen beiow Stairs, thatis, fuchas are put to Penfion, either be- caufe they are.fo old, that they are unfit for Service, or elfe the Widow of fuch of his Majefties Houlbold Servants that died poor, and-werenot able to provide for their M'ives and Children in their lifetimes; everyone of thefe hath a competency duly paid unto them. Laltly, there are dillributed amongli the poor the large Offerings which the King gives on Collar-days. The jEl;e iPjefent 0tm The Magnificent and abundant plenty of the Kings Tables.hath caufed amazement m Foreig¬ ners 1 when they have been informed that in the laft Kings Reign before the Troubles, when his Majelty had the Purveyances,there were da^ IV in his court 86 Tables well furniflied each Meal.whereofthe KingsTablehad aS^fhes.the Sns 24 ; Four other Tables, i6 Diflies each; mee otter, lO DilTies each; Twelve other had feven Diflies each; Seventeen other Tables Sadeachof themfive D’-fh^ithreeother had four each; Thirty two other Tables had each three Dithes, and Thirteen other had each two Dilhes: In all about 500 Diflies each Meal, with Bread, Beer, Wine, and all other things necef- farv. 1^1 which was provided mdt by the fe- ve/al Purveyors, who, by Commillions, legally ::Slari;authorized,didreceive«^^^^^^^ vifions at a moderate price, fuch as teci oeen form’rlv agreed upon in the feveral Counties which EriceCbyreafonofM^^^^^ of Money much altered) was ’’^“jnelow, 5 a very inconfiderable burdien to Kingdom fn genera!, but thereby was greatly fupported the Disnitv Royal in the eyes of Strangers, as well afslbie&: The ml>Jh Nobility ^d Gentrv according to the Kings example, were hidted to keep a proportion^able 'doFp^al'ty “ Several Cbuntry Manfions, the Husband¬ man Suraged to breed Cattle, all Tradefmen to achearfuHndullry.and there was ttenafrec Circulation of Moneys ^ongbont the who e Bndv of the Kingdom. There was fpentreariy fn the Kings Houfeof grofs Meat i^oo Oxen, .^-vn Sheeo, 1200 Veals, 300 Forkers, 400 Sturks or young Beefs, 68ooLarabs,300 Flitches fif ENGLAND. zip Geefe, dozen of Capons,470 dozen ofHens, 7^odozenof Pullets, 1470 dozen of Chickens; For Biead 36400 Bulhels of Wheat; and for Drink, 600 Tun of Wine, and 1700 Tun of Beer: Moreover, of Butter46640 pounds,to¬ gether with Fifh, and Fowl, Venilbn, Fruit,and Spice proport'onabl/. This prodigious plenty in the Kings Court, caufed Foreigners to put a higher value upon the King, and caufed the Na¬ tives, who were there freely welcome, to in- creafe their affeftion to the King, it being found neceflary for the Kingof this way to en¬ dear the who ever delighted in Fealt- • ing; as for the Italm Princes by Sights and Shews to endear their Subjefls, who as much ■ delighted therein. Therefore, by fpecial Order of the King’s Houfe, fomeof his Ma jellies Servants, Men of Qiiality, went daily to Wejimmfltr-HaV , in Term- time, between Eleven and Tweh e of the Clock, to invite Gentlemen to eat of the King’s Acates, or Viands, and in Parliament time to invite the Parliament-Men thereto. Moreover, the Court is an eminent Patern CfMMiiy of Cbirhy ini Bumility io all that lhall fee the oh .iten- performance of that antient Cullom by the King dy-Thurj- and the Queen, on the Thurfday before Eafer, day. called Mdimdy-Thurfday, fo called from the French Maude, in Latin Spornla, when the King or his Lord Almoner firfi: wadieth the Feet of as many poor Men,as are the years his Ma jelly hath x Reigned, and then wipes them with a Towel, (according to the patern of our Saviour) and then gives to every one of them two yards and a half of Wollen Cloth, to make a Sute of Cloths,andLinnen ClothfortvvoShirts.and a .pair of Stockings, and a pair of Shooes, three L 2 Dillies 210 CijD f jcfent ^tatc Didies of Filh in Wood;!en Platters, one of Salt Sttlmon, a fecond of Green-Fijl), or Cod, a third of Pickle-Cenkgh I(ed-Rermgs,znA Ked- Spms, a gallon of Beer,a quart Bottle of Wine, and Six-Penny Loaves of Bread ; alfo a Red Leather Purfe, with as many fingie Pence as the King is Years OH, and in fuch another Purfe as many Shillings as the King hath Reigned years. The Queen-Confort alfo doth the like to di¬ vers poor Women. Finally, the Court of Enghud may, for Go¬ vernment and exaft Accounts, be a Patern to all the Courts in the World. The Form of Government is, bytheWifdom of many Ages, fo contrived and regulated, that it feems to fuch as feriour.y conllder it, almolt impolhble to mend it, if the prefcribed Rules of Government be duly and impartially executed. The Account (which is of many Natures, and is therefore very difficult, mult pafs through ma- ny hands, and is therefore very exaft) is fo wifelv contrived and methodized, that without the Combination of every one of thefe follow¬ ing Officers, wj. TheCoilerer, aClerkofthe Grecn cloth, a Clerk Comptroller, a Clerk of the Kitchen, of the Spicery or Avery, or a par¬ ticular Clerk, together with the Conjunftion of a Purvevor and Waiter in the Office, it is impoflible to defraud the King of a Loaf of Bread, or a Pint of Wine, a Quart of Beer, or JoyntofMeat, .orhioney, or any thing elfe. CHAP* of ENGLAND. 2ir C H A P- XV. Of fk QUEENS Com. T he’ SJJSENS' Court, fuitable to the Confortof fo.greata E^ING, isSpIen- ■aicl and .Magnificent, ■ Her Majeily hath all Officers, andaHoulhold apart from the King ; for the Maintenance whereofthereisfetled40000/. peramm. To •begin therefore with the, Ecckfpafikitl Ter forts of Her Court. ■p Ather Chrijhvnl del Ilofnrioa Dominican, is r Her'Majelties Confefibr. Father >(!!(/ de Almeida, is HerMajellies Al¬ moner. ■ . . . . Father Emmiel Diaz, Treafurer of the ^^There are two other Preachers, both Por- tuguefes, 3emo de lemes, Auguftin Lorenzo. Eleven Francifcan Fryers. Miguel Fereira aPrielf. ' „ Divers Perfons belonging to the Mulick of theChappel, ^svitW Italians is Fonuguefes-, and others to ferveatthe Altar. . The Principal Organilf, is that admirable Matter of Mufick, Sig.GkvamiBamfiaDraght. 222 Of tht Civil Govermient of Her Majefties Com. For the' Government of Hfer Majefties Reve- mie, there is a Council, confifting of Perfons of great Worth and Dignity. The Higbett Officer in Her Majeities Court is the Lord Chamberlain, the Right Honour¬ able LouU Earl of Feverfim. George Snyer Efquire, Vice-Chamberlain. TheEarl of Jrlirgm is Lord Steward of Her Majefties Revenue. ivi-im Vifcoiint Brom\er Chancellor, and Keeper of Her Majefties Great Seal. The RightHonourablethpEarlof CUmior, Treafurer and Receiver-General. Sir James Mikt Attorney-General. ... Sir Thomm Hnm^ Sollicitor-General. - ffenry r/;er»W//Efquire, Surveyor-General. Gmkmn-Vjkers of the Prky.^ Chamber. Akxsndet Smhope Efquire. Chirks JQUigrerr Efquire. Cup-Bearers. Sir Nicholas SUinitig Knight of the Bitk Henry Guy Efquire. Carvers^ ENGLAND. 215 Carvers. rhomss Agit Erqulre. George Stcjers Efquire. SeMrs^ Charles Wandhm Knight. Brjdti ftuijort Efquire. Gentlemen-vp^ers Caily-Waiters. Sir Eitoard irood Knight. Charles Rogers Efquire. n’illwn Stitihofe Efquire.- Gmms of the Privy-Chamber,/o«i ^ohn Every Efquire. dinner Windebtnk. Efquire! Zae. Bourgeois Efquire. Monfieur Legatd.- An Apothecary.- a2j §ta£i Six Pages of the Bed-Chamber attend¬ ing at the Back^Stairs. Ulckfd Stephens, John Pereirn, Gio: Batti/k Del Cmpo, Ibomns' Berberc. James Clash,, lyillum Murrey. Four Bribes of the Prefence. Mr. Bti^h Smith, Mr. Robert Bilks, Mr. Hugh Jones, Mr. Daniel Elmer, Officers belonging to the Rohes. A Surveyor, Francis llpper Efquire. Provider Major, Thomas Milward .Efquire. Clerk, Sir Chri/hpher Mufgtave. Yeoraan of die Robes, BowJands £f- qiiire. Page, Mr. Fichard Ttvine. Erulher, Mr. Charles Drift. One Porter of die Back-ljairs. A Mailer of the Queens -Barge. And Four and Twenty Watermen. Groom of the Stole, Lady of the Robes, and Keeper cf the Privy Purfe, is the Countefs of Jrlhgm. Madam charlotte Killhrew Keeper of'the Sweet Coffers, Maids ' afrENGLAN^D. Maids of Honour. 226 Mrs. Swill. Mrs. Godolphii. Mrs. Filkrs. Mrs. WiddringtOH. Mrs. Sheldon. Mrs-- Thefe are all to be Gentlewomen Unmar¬ ried, over whom is placed a Governefs, called thSiMotherof theMaUs, whoisMrs.-Mirje. The Q.HEENS Drejfcrs. The Lady Bellings. Lady dQUigrew. Lady Fnfief. Lady Cunmet. Lady Tuii, ...Mrs. Wkdbm.. "■ ilrs. Cune. ' Donna. Lnizi de Fdconpm.- Donna. 'Iuiicifcii.de nfconjjellos. Lady Wyche. Mrs. J^ofer. Airs. Sheldon. Mrs. Sindys. lady Snyer. Mrs. Temple-. There are.divers other Servants, as Laund- refs, Sempftrefs, Starcher, Neeeffary Wo- men, fSe. L S 22ijb)t, lol. One Clerk to the Commiffioners, Mr. ^ohn- Afom,%oi.: Door-keeper to the CommiflToners, Mr. Jelm. Backer,, 1,01. Clefk'of theKitchin, Mr.' 7 «iii’. and for Boiard-wages, <,21. Mallef-Cook, .,Mr. Claude Fremont, 40 H and ? for Board-wages, 30 /.' Second Cook, Mr. Budden, 40 1. Three Turn-Broaches, each-iSi. 51. One ^ovirer, i8 /. 55... ■ Pan-kee'p'er, ^l.2s.6d. Porter of the Kitchen, 20 /.•■ |£.;ENGL-A1^I>- A’Cole-Carrier,-- q , . Porter at w^WteMi Mft JsraWrisl- A Gardener, Mr. 4? ^ ■ The 0$ms of HU Royal Highnejfes Re- 'uemte^ with their Fees per Annum. The Treafurets and Receivers General of the Revenue,'.Sir.'Petrr Affig, and Sir Senjsrm ^ AHWGeneral, Sit cbmhiU, 40 A Sollicitor-General, Edward Herkr^g, ■nUirboiBiis Whdfeer.-Md Ur. :fmes levkgjion each lOo 7. makes in air 300/. > : Eight Footmen, at3i5'7. each, is in all 288/. • .Thirteen Grooms;, at 30,7. .each, is in ;all 390i’-' ..T.' .' Three Coachmen, at 727,‘^ch, amounts to 2161. . 'JJhree.Poft'illionsyiand.'tbreeiMelpersj^thefe have all Liveries twice a yearj asalfoLinnSn ■ and Stockii4s..-'::j.i :.,'o - of ENGLAND. .235 The Dutchefles Court. Officers and Servants belonging to Her Royal Highnefs the ^utchefs of York; with their Yearly Fees. ' G Room of the Stole, Countefs of Teterher rough, dfiol. Ladies of the Bed-Chamber, Countefs of Rofcornmon, 200/. The Lady Bf&j&.'20oL four Maids of Honour. Mrs. Rittbmke Sraztt, Mrs. Elkabeib South. Mrs. Frincit Wmmtth. . , Mrs. Jitme Rfit^ftnill. EaChsooT. is'inoll800L ■ • - Mother of the Maids, Mrs. Hmifm, ygol. ..Chamber-Keeper to-tbe Maids, Mrs. jMes. FiveBed-Chamber-Women. ^ Mrs. Mirgmet Dmfon, 200 1. ' Mrs. mmUy,-lyoU Lady Wentmrih, l<,6l Madam ii’algravs, Mrs. Turenne, i^o/- Starcher, Mrs. la-Bodry, e,ol. Laundrefs, Mrs. Fern, The Secretary,--EfT; ico 1.. Tvvo f jEfent ^tatE 2 5 + Two Gentlemen Uffiers. fohn-Kpelme, ^ ^^quires. So/, and i6l. for Lodging each, in all 192 /. Four Gentlemen Waiters,* at each 40/. and for Lodging 16 /. each, is 192 1, Four Pagesof die Back-Stairs, w^.Mr.PrMc, Mr.Cw/iej, Mr. Bmks, and Mr.-at 80/. each, is 320/'. One Groom of the Prefence, Mr-3a/. and 12/. lodging-money, in all 42/. Yeoman of the mouth, Mr.——50/. One Mailer Cook, yiuWiUimThomtbs, 70 L One other Cook, Mr. ic/er/we, 50/. Offcers and Sermnis klonging to the Stables^ Mailer of the Horfe to the DutcKefs, is the Earl of R^fcomnum, 2661,13s. 4J,. : Two Efcuyries, Sir Cafir cnmer, and Daniel eitieile Efq-, each 100/. Three Pages of Honour, Mr.- N'evill,. Mr. ihomxWetawonh, Mr, Simlaire, each 100/.. Eight Footmen, each 39/. 15312/. Three Coachmen,.at each 72 /. for then\- felves, Pollilions and Helpers, 216/. Two Grooms, at each 30/. Two. Chairmen, .each 361.~ of ENGLAND. The Court or fmdy of Hts ^oyd nMs George, Uordmry Vrimt of Denmark unA Nor¬ way, ^nAof the fo^fff Vaidals. , I>»fe K/ScHefwKfc, Holftein, Stormar, and, Ditn- marfh, 0/Oldenburg And Delmanhorft, ■ O fficers and Servants with their RefieSm Salaries^ per Annum. G Entleman of, the Bed.Cha®to ard Grbom of the St(^e,the iU|ht Hmoue^ able Rshn E^l oi Scraliaie, hi?,Fee ““pri^Tutfe. and waiter of the ^bes,:x»« HeeTdeSkffe»t^°°h Grooms of the Bed-Chamber, . ^ Philip Kifk. Efqajre. George Scarborough Efqmre, 200 Pages of the Back-ftairs> ^ffenry Sleymati, 6o h ICaryenmkhpli, 001< Yeoman: of the Robes, and Barbeiv Biiewig m Alptn, tfih and60A Treafurer.' Treafarer of the,Houfe- and Revenue, fir Bmjdmm B.ithurfi, 200 /. ■ -. Comptroller^ of'•the'Houfe,-.-,Z?er .Heer de Tie£f,2Qoir ■Secretary,- Sir Blsiltp Ihyd, 200/. -■;:S,ecnJtaTy of.tlie.iForeign Affairs--_ ■irguir;e,-2Qo/. Inftfudlo'r of Jjis Royal Highnefs, in the Bw- Tongue,ii)r. 'Edmrd'CBimserlm.‘ -■ ;^2.ChapIains,g'^ ; Gentleman Ufherj, B.d^o)pi n:ebb^gi i61. Gentlemen Waiters^ Mr. 56/.. Groom of the Prefeji,ce, Mr.-:-32/. Clerk of the. Kitchen,' Mr. 'John Hnrmn, " ''Yeoman‘cff ‘tbe.#aj'*cifi,- w..i^*e/ii»^aSipw^/#«i/jan(i the Jrifn Bilhops received their Coxf^cnitm from him; for Irelani had no other Archbifhop. until the year One thoufaail One hundred fifty ?n 4 two; and therefore inthetimeof thetwofirlt Konm^ags,itmsdecUred, That ctnserkmi was the Metropolitan Church of Etglaad, Sm- _Jmd, zni JreUxl and the Ifles adjacent. Ke was therefore fometimeslliled a Patriirri, (and Eatrisrclamti chief BiJtopoveT feveral King" doms or Provinces, as an Archbilhop is of feve-> raiDiocclTes) andhadfeveral Archbifliops un- derhim; v/isfometimesaiMjItermoriif Pa> fiy fi) ethu Erit/intiici Pomi/ex ; and Matters- done and Recorded in Eccleiiaftical affairsj ran- thus, jdmo Por,u[mtmNo^nfnriiO,Sci!ii>iio,i^c, He was Z'g.n.?! .Vm.v thatis, a perpetuaUa' giiiiimPower was annext to that JrcHijhofrifi near one thoufand years ago; whereby no other Ze^at, Nuncio, or Jmkfador from tbg Silliop_ of Xmc, could here exercife any Zeganm.Portsrj. without fpecial Licenfe from the King. He was f) highly refpefled abroad, that in Oeneral Councils, he was placed before all otlie.r ArcJii-’ bifliops, at the Pope’s right Foot. . He was at home rp highly honoured by the King of Eng. l«;d,that according to the praftiee of God? own • people the ^em, where JAWimmenm Dig- - nity to Mofes, andaccor.ding tothe.praSjceof nidi otlier chrifiAn Spates, where tte next in Dignity and Authority to the Soyeraign. isufu- aR;/ thecjiiefelt gerCsn of t!i« Clergy,, he si'as Bf ENGLAND. ; accounted tlie fecond Perfoninth'e K ngdom, and named and ranked even before the Vrmces of the Blood. He enjoyed fome fpecial marks of as to be Patm of a (as hewasof pockM to GoynMone)% to make Knights, and to have the Wardihip of all thofe who hold Lands of him ^uteHom^^ ias it is called) although they held m cifue other Lands of the King ; a Pmcels Prerp,- gutive, even againlt the-Rlngs Written Pm- an Antient charter, granted by W’lUkm the Cmmror, to Lmfrinc, Archbiftipp of dm-, buri; he is to hold his Lands with the fame free¬ dom, in Demimcoftia, (as the words are) as the Kin's holdeth his in Domkko fuo, except only in wo or three Cafes, and thofe of no great Itisan'antientpriviledgepf the Seepf Cm- terhiirp, that Wherelbeve'r any Mannprs, or Ad- Tpwfbnsj' clo belong untp fhat'S'ee,' that place forthwith becomes exeriipt from, the Ordinary, and is reputed a Pecpliar, and of theDiocef? of'cumBury.' ' ,,,c The Archbiftiopof Ctenterpmh Py the favour of our King, is judged fit to enjoy ffilf, divers conCderahle pre-eminences. He is Primateoyet all Jiietropi^Im, hath a ?uper: emiheney,and fome Power,eve'n over the'Arch- biOiopof rori', hath powerto fummon him to a National Synod, and JrchkfhfcopM EioriC^fs t^entri iehet cumwfcopjt Pm, fdmtutii ejia, nf eitts cmomcisdiffoftmihusohediem exijlau The.Archbilhoppf Cmerburj is at this day) Priwai Per to?, the Pirfi.Peer of £»^M,and next to the Royal Faimily, to precede, not on; ly all Dukes, butaltthe Great Officorsof the Crown., M 4 .. At 2.48 lEfje pjrfetit At the late folemn Coronation ofoiir prefent Sovereign, it ivas cxprefly ordered in doing P o- - mage to the King, that according to ancient, cullom, the Archbifhops and Bilhpps .Tiould precede, even the Duke of Tork,, and all the ■Lay Lords. Ke is Ailed by the King, in His Writsdirefled tohira, Beigmkjirchiepifcopocantumeaf, and writes liimfelf Divini PrenWeww.whereas other BiAiops write Div'md Permijfme, and he is laid to be inthroned, when he is invelied in tbe/irch- iijhopnci. To'Crown tlie King belongs to him, and it hathbeen refolved, thatwherefoever the Court IbalL happen to, be, the King and (^een are Speckles Dontefiici Vnro'chkni Domim Ar. Cun. and had anciently the Holyojfrrw^j made at the Altar by the King and Queen, wherefoever the Court Ihould happen to be, if his Grace was there prefent; alfo the power of appointing 'the Lent-Preachers, which was thought, by our Anceltors, much more fit for a Prelate, or Spiri- (ual Perfon to do,(as in all other Chtijlm courts) than for any Lay Lord, as hath been ufed in Etg- ,lindi fince one ctommel was', hej Henry the VIII. made yicir-Genenl, and placed over the Arch- bilbop of Cmerbury. The BiAiopof London is accounted his Fro- vinckl Dean, the BiPhop of Wincbefiet his Cbincelkr, andtheBilhopof l{o(hefier his Cbap- kin. In writing and (peaking to him, is given,the Title of Grace, (as is to all DukesJ and Mo^. Reverend Father in God. He hath the Power of Probate of all Tefia- ments, and granting Letters of Adminifiration, where the Party, dying, had Bona Notabilk, that is. Five Pounds worth, or above, out of the ofENGCANO; 24r tlie Diocefs wherein he died; or Ten pounds' worth within the Diocefs of lo)ido« \ or it the Party dying be a Bifhop, though lie have- no Goods out of the Diocefs where he Died.' Alfo to make Wills for all fuchasdielnteltate'' within his Province, and to Adminifter their' Goods to the Kindred, or to Pious Ufes, ac-- cording to his difcretion: Which molt trani- ■ cendent Trull and Power, is fo Antiently in belonging to Bithops, that the belt cannot find the firll Orig'nal there-- By Sw. U'i We*. 8. he hath'the Honour an*' Power to grant Licences and Dijfenfutms in all' ’ Cafes heretofore fued for, in the Court of mne, not repugnant to the Law of God, or the King’s ' Prerogative; As to allow a Clerk to hold a Be-■ nefice in Commenim or Truili, to-allow a Son '■ (contrarytoth; Canons) to fucceedhis-Father, - iramediateiy in a Benefice; to allow a Clerk- rightly qualified, to hold two Benefices with • C-ure of Souls; to abolifh irregularity gotten without a mans own default, as. by defefl of Bo lv or Birth,or by accidental killing ofa tnan;. Kc 'to abolilhthe guilt of .simony; toallowa ' Benefited Clerk, for fome certain-taules, tobe; 7yo*-rf/7dm for Tome time; to allow a Lay-man ' to hold a Prebend, -i'c. whilll by lludy be is pre- - paring himfelf for the Service of the Church; to grant Difpenfamis to Skk, to Okfl’eople', - to Women with Child, to eat -Flelh, on days v whereon it was forbidden; to conllitute Pob-- lick Notaries-,' whsfe fingfe Teftimony is as - good, as: the Teliimonies pf any- two-other " perfons.' All which -fore-mentioned Zicexfes-, . Xij/peafaMaj, &c. the--fai*-Archbiihop grants - by himfelf, or by his Deputy, called the " »/■ Fuciiliiis, in all His Majellies Dominions,. escepti fficoept ScoiUnis for ail the Bew late Aoqui- fitioBs to this CrosvB, isVirghm, Birbadss, Betmuiks,&.c. jveje heretofore-adfledv by due Aothority^to the Proyinaof jraacer'&rj', and put under the Diocefs of Ipniini.- He hath alfothe Power to grant lufrtu, -whereby .any one that brings his .Appeal, may profecutethe- iame-without any nioleftationj to beftow one- Dignity or Prebend, in any eithe.dral Church- withia his Province,, upon every Creation thereof a newBilbop; who isaifoto provide a- fnlEcient Beneffce for one- of the Chaplains- of '-tlie Archbifhop, or to maintain him, till it hi effeSedi By the Stilt, prim Bliz. it is provided, That the Queen, ,by the advice of the Archbiihopi might ordain and.publifli fuch Rites and Cere¬ monies, as may be for Gods Glory, for edifying of the Church, and due Reverence of the Sa¬ craments. He hath the Prerogative to Confecratea Bi- Ihop, (though it-mult be done in the prefence, and with the alliliance of two ether Bifliops, as every Bilbop gives Ordination, .but ufually with the affiftance of Presbyters) to aflign Co- edjuiors to infirm Bilhops,- to confirm tlieBlefli- en of Bilhops within his Province; to call Provincial Synods,, according to the Kings Writ, always direfled to him; to be Mode- ;|ptor in the Synods or Convocations, to give bisSuffrage there laftof all; tOTllittlie whole Province; toappointa GutrMutto? the Spiri- mUiies, during the vacancy of anyEilboprick, within his Province; whereby all theEpifcopal Rigiits of that Diocefs belong to him, all Ecckfiaftical Jc-rifdiifiions, as Vifitations, In- Th-s af e'^^gla:nb-. ■ uteflgi :larly Van4" apart ip-the Seconct Fart of this ^°Thefe and oto Prerogatives and Pnvi- - ledges, the Wifdpm.of our of verv liiah repute in this Nation, ami nan un Her his Province, not.only divers Stfyoprifl^s m ?he Srri? Sgtail. b'ut all the Bijhofmisof icmhni for a fe time, .until the year , 147 c. iheltope-Siic^heEquftHcreatedthe Bifiop andMetropolitaa .gamine qffice-and Authority anne.s.d tq that. the Place and .Precedenc? of allSikes;. not of the ?lhyal Blood, and of aU Vreat 'Officers of-.State. «cept on^- th. Lprd rtancellor; hath .the Title of Grafe, and S SewfQid fitfl’C''-, had t}ie Honour to brown the Queen, and to-he Her perpetual 252 _ fflje iszlibinisA Vrimateof England, snd Me- tropolitan of his Province, and hath under him the Bidiopricksof rsr^, Durham, carlifle, che- pet, and that of the Ijleof Man, only Durham hath a peculiar Jurifdiflion, and in many things IS wholly exempt from the Jurifdiflion of the jirchbijhop. Hehad theRi^tsof a Count Palatine'oxer Bexamjhire in Northumberland j may qualifie allb eight Chaplains, and hath within his Province divers other Prerogatives and' Priviledges which the Archbijhop of Canterbury hath within his own Province. Ihe next in place amongft the Clergy of Maraud are the Bilhops, fo called from the tow word Eiceop, and that from the Gree^ ’BotCxot©-, Speculator, ExpIoraioY vel Supif- mendens, an Officer among .the-Heathens fo called, ^uia prxetat pant vifhi yuotidmo, Epifcopusenim apud Mfiianospaxefiparti IS vi.biii - fphituali. All the Bilhops of England are Barons and Peers of the' Realm; they are Barons by a threefold manner, (which cannot be faid of the lay-Lords) they are Fcedil, in regard of their lands and Baronies annext to their Bilhopricks; They are Baronsby Writ, being fummonedby the King s Writ to Parliament; and they are created Barons by patent, which, by their Confecration, is always exhibited to-the Arch- lijhop. They have the Precedence of all Tem¬ poral Barons under Vifcounts. In, the Par¬ liament, have place in the Vpper Houfe, in a double Capacity, not only as, Barons, but as Bilhops; for before they were Barons, they bad in all times place in the Great Council of the Kingdom, and there ever placed' on- the King’s Right-Hand , not only to give their advice. Bf:Ef^GX-AND. , 255. advke, .as the. Jijdges do, but .di tttdMim, ordinMdum, jUmendum,'defnkndum.&c. They have their title of lards,, zni Klibt Reverend , Fsiihers.- All Bijiiops in Enflini have one or two-tran- fcencient Priv.iledges, which feem-ataoft«e^«/, as, in their own.Conrt, to judge and pafsSen. tence alone themfelves, ,.witliOHt:aay Coh league or Alkflbr 5 whieh is hot done in other of the Kings Courts, for the Bifliops, Courts (though held by the Kings Authority ff/riute Msgijlrum fui) are not accounted to be pro- perly the Kings Courts, and-therefore the Eir Ihops fend forth Writs in their own Names; Tejie the Bilhop, and not in the Kings Name; as all the Kings Courts,-properly fa called, do. Moreover,. .BilKopshave this other tranfeen- dent Priviledge, to depute their Authority, to another, .(as the King.doth.) either to.their Bifhops Suffia^Ms,,to theit chmcelbrs, to their commipries, or other Officers, which none of the Kings Judges may do. All Bilhops have one Priviledge above, and beyond all Lay-Lords, wt:. That in.whatfoever Chriftian Princes Dominions they come, their EpifcopalDignity and De^eeis-acknowledged;-. and they may, ^uitems B^ops, confer Orders,- &c. Whereas no Lay-Baron,Vifconnt,Marquis, , nor Duke, is in Law acknowledged fuch, out of: the Dominrons'of the Ihrince, who conferred- thofe Honours. The Law and Cufioms of EngUnd, are fo ten¬ der of the Honour, Credit, Reputation, and Perfonof Bidiops,- our Spiritual Fathers, that- none might (without fpecial Licenfe from the King firlt obtained) beindidledof any Crime before any Temporal Judge. ITpra JS^ ^6ste -Hwm ftyefe pena|ty, by our laws rib Man »ay-raife reports, whereby fcanrial may arife to the Perfori of any‘ ffiBiop, or Debate'and Difcord, between them and the Comirions of S/igknii ‘ . ' la Givi) Tryals, where ^Biftop is Plaintiff or Defendent,: theBifii,o^ mayra,s^we!)'as any iay-Lbrd, dialienge the'^^my, if o'rie Knight atleriifberiptretufned.orthe_J^l^^ anditihali be allowed onto fiimasa prlviledge due to hi) Peerage^; ‘ ' In criminal Xryals for life, all Bilhops by MigM Chim^ .apff Sm. 25 Eim. 3. are to be tryed by their Peers, who ’are Barons, and none under j nqtwitliliaridii^ the Jate concei t pf ,fpnie Lawyers,' that beGauIS Biffibps niay not be on theCriminalTryalof aPeer, .therefore are pot to be tryed by Peersfor fp neither rapy _Bi- fhops be tr\'ed by a Common'Jury, faecaufe they fflaynotbe'on the Tryal of iuch Men. More¬ over, Noble Women,' niaynpt be on the Tryal of Peers, and yet they are to be tryed by Peers of the Realm;, pndthereisno lr5rl£rr^^.jr;yin mgUiicLof aBiMp,'. remaining a Bjlhpp, that eve.r was tryed for his-Life,' ,bnt by 'Peers. qf th" Beaim. Antieritly iricjeed-Bilbops werelD ex¬ empted, as aot at alltp be tr'yed by Teniporal Judges, till after beprivuion and Dcguiium, .and then being thereby rendr,edmo Beers, but common Perfons, they might be tryed by com¬ mon-Juries,. Since the. Reformation,.the ppgUjh F.foieffAnt JSijiops have been focqnilantly LbyaPand True ■to the Crown, (to the 'eilvy of Nojicofifomijh) and rofree-fromall Capital Crimes, that there is ye.t no Preiident in for (heir man.ner of - Tryal-fbr life. As for that common Afecti- ORj rbitao Lorisof tirlkmm mtobhtyii ly cf EiS;J'.G !L4N0- . thA Piers, but.fucbiis fit there, Radone Nobi- Uiiss, tU-thit eU..Uyrmde.l>Ave fUce tn Per- ImmsfM thLUJ^e 4 oa-, ftivfllous, jn,fteiudgment of nious Men. And indeed, how abfurd and m Karonable-mullitBseds be, Qf thatan Archhiftop cf khowdedged to isTBnms Prtr Sf^f’ inoulAbe tryed by a (^ramon Jur.yof Preeholders, ^hen as the. mea^l though created but Jefterday, may not be tryed by any under ^^rSriMaebt.'the -SiHofs, .and smns, maybe nrefentand voteat.the-T;ryal and Arraignment of'a Peerof tbeJRealm.; only before Sentence of death, or-Jo& of Member he pronounced, that theymayhavemo hand in'Bloodi-no hand in deflroying.hut oaly in faying, they have by Canon-Law, the Priviledge and Iniunctionto abfent themfelve.s; and by Common-Law,, tp- make.Proxies tovoteftrthem^ ^ , , ■Vrim 'Eliz. cap. 2, Lt is exprelly declared. That all Lords of Parliament (without any ex¬ ception of Lords Spiritual) fliould be.tryed m that particularby.their Peers. The Bifiepsof Ek^/ijed.enioyat-thisday many other Priviledges, as Freedom -from Arrelts, Outlawries. Difttefs per Equitaturaw, or i» a bourne}-, Liberty to Hunt in any of the King s Torells or-Parks, tokilloneor two Deer, go¬ ing from, or coming to the King upon his Or¬ der : to have certain Tuns of -Wine freefrom impoft, ^c. ,r., The-Perfons.of Bijheps m^y not be feized up¬ on Contempt, (as the Perfons of Lay-Lords) but their Temporalities only may, be feized. Every ftyiwp'mayhyStatute-Law quahfieas jnanyGhaplaiasasadDuke, we.dix. ^ ti}6 jbtatl' The La w of Etiglutid attributeth fo very muc6 to. the word of a Bijliop, that not only in the Tryalof Sajlardy, theBilhops'Certificatefiiall IhfSce, . but alfo in Tryal of Here/ie, which toucheth a mans life: Upon’the.Bilhops bare’ Certificate, that any man hath been convift^ ed before hira- of Serefie ■, the Secular Power puts him to. death, without any Tryal by his Peers, till the late Parliament, for fome emergent caufe, thought fit to alter that ceurfe at that time.. The Perfons of the Spiritual Governors of the Church of Sfglaxd', are of fuch high and tender refpeflinthe eye of the Law,that itis thought fit. to exaS thefame from a Clergy-man to his Bilhop or Ordinary, as from a Child to his Father, and therefore made the Offences of Tinicide and Epifcopicidi equal, both Petty Treafon. Next to the two Archbilhopsof UtgUnd, the Bilhopof Zonrfro amongllall the Bilhops, bath the pre-eminence. Epifcopus-Loniinetifii, ffaith an antient Record) IpeciM qmdm Digmutects. teris unteponeniusy (juk Ecckfit CantuMtufit Ve- cdmis cjl Provincklit- Being Bifhop over the ImpstiaX. and capitsl city of Engknd, it is by a Statuteof later times exprefly provided, that heihould have the Preference and Precedence of all the Bilhops of Erglitnd, .whereby he is become (as heretofore the Lord Prior of the Order of St. fohn of ^erufalem) Frinm Bm J^ni, as the Lord Abergiyenny is Prims Bare- num laicerm: Next amongfl thofe of the Epifcopd ColIedge, is-the Bifhopof Vurhm, within the Province of Tori, \vho hath b:en a Count Palatine fix or feven hundred years: Wherefore the Common . Seal of the Biihoprick hath been of along time Bf ENGLAND. if? an Amd Xinigbt, holding inonehand a Nuk.ed Sword-T an:i in the other a C hutch. He hath alfo at thisday.the Earldom of Sui- berg, annexed long agp to this EifhoBnck by ‘^In"S*Fifrh place, by yirWe to. mentioned Statute, isthe Bilhopof reputed Antiently Earl fo^lliled in the Statutes of f“L* “fj* nrcier of tbe Gdftsf •% bv Henry the Eighth, though Toon after, that Earldom was otherwife After ttefe afore-named, all the other Bi- Ihops take place according to *e Seniority of their Confecration, unlefs any Biltop happen The made Lord Chancellor Treator Privy-Eeal, or Secretary of State, wto AntiLtly.was very ufuaU as P/ety, Lemhg, Single Life, of more fit ftr^the Advantage, and fet'^te o' the King and Kingdom, than any Eay^en, and in Ichcafe, a Bilhop 1«'"S Eot^ Chan¬ cellor had place next to the Archbifhop of cmahwh and above the ArchblQiop of rerV, and being a Sectetery of State, had place next to the Biihop of VLincbeJlet, 4n ■ CAUlogm of rJl the BL fljop in England now hiving^ lind Rtpiked in their Broper ORDER. Cmahmp ■pNR. n-iW^n CortfecratpcI lord' Archfaidiop. of Qnterlun the 27 day i67?- “ mb Dr. ^oknOoUk, lord A'^chbifljop ofr^rf’. Confecfsted Bifliop of g9ski?t\ 'and lriri.” Rated to mb idg^, ' ' ' ' ■ "• Pr.v mpm> PdeCecrated Lord Bifhon • o?OxfoM ed.Lord ieriOT^. Durhm. Dr. mtbmkl Crm, Confecrated Lord Bi- ftop of to/srdthe 2d of ^uly 16 ji. CbSffrmed Lord Bifhop of Durham, Winchefier. Dr. George MorUy, Confecrated Lord Bifliop of mrcefier the 28ti!i of oMer ifido. Cen- iirmed Lord Biffiop of wiitckfier the wb of May 1662, Bm- the 6ibor jConW Brlhop of Zwdca ihe i8» otoe'cem- c£ E.NGLAND. Dr. Berhenmft, Confec-rated Lord'Bifiiop 3f Hereford the ^fb of tebrmrj 1661. Dr. Edvourd Koitibow, Confirmed Lord Bi- (hop of urlifle, and Confecrated 1664. Dr. Seth mrd, Confecrated Lord Bifiiop of Exeter the loth of Jaf/ 1666. Lord Bifhopoi StJiihur]/ thei2j6 of Jepemim 1667. Dr. Antbonj Spmow, Confe^fated Lord Bi- fliop of Exeter tiie of Hevetthet 1667. Confirmed Lord Bifhop of the i8t& of September 1676. Dr. Eeierr Guniitig, Confecrated Lord Bi¬ fiiop of chicbepenhe6thoP MmhiSd^. Con- firm^ed Lord Billiop of El} the 4ri of Mmb 1674- covevtf) and Ljuhjietd. Dr. ■thommwood, Con^crated Lord Blihop of Co-ee/itr/paiCitebfild the id pf ^tj} 1671. 2^0 0kMer. Guy-Cdrhon, Confecrated Lord Biffion of te/a; the nth of Mruar}i6yi. Confirm¬ ed Lord Biitop of Chichejler the U of fan- Uity 1678. Btfi/r and f/efe Dr. V'ct» Mtw, Confecrated lord Bilhop of Bith and mUs the y;b of Mruiry 1672. Cheikr^ Dr. ^ohn Pearfou, Confirmed Lord Bilhop of Cbefier and Confecrated 1672. nu^Qf.: ■ Dr. ffmpherythyd, Confecrated Lord'Bi¬ mopof Baigar the lothof Novemkr 1673. Beterhorough. Dr. n-rnm Lloyd, Confecrated Lord Bilhop of landg the i8tA of uipril 1675. Confirmed lord Btlhop of Fuefbmougb'the^ ipk oi Mar 1679. , Dr. Confecrated Lord Bilhon of Zw«/»thei7»4'of5f«aeid75. Oxfotd. Dr. fohn Fa, Confecrated Lord Bilhop of Oxford the 6th of Feiruory 1575. Exeteti of ENGLAND. l6t Dr. TbmuLm^hgi, Conrecrated Lord Bi- {hop of £xeier the nth of member 1676. BtifieU Dr. wmrnGupn, Confirmed Lord Bi(hop of Srifiol the gxhof febmrj, and Confecrated the 9tM«w idyS- ■Lin'iiff. Dr. nrtllimBeiw, Confirmed Lord Bithop of ZMdaffthe 2itb of fune, and Confecrated the Dt: wttm mi, CooHtmd lord ffiOim of St. 4ifb the lOtb of Seftember, and Confe- crated the 3d of oUet 1680. Gkucefler. Dr. Robert Ptmpion, Confirmed Lord Bi(hop of Glouceaer the 2616 of Mmb, and Confe- crate'd the 2^tb ditto i68[. Dr. wSm Tbsum, Confirmed Lord Biftiop of norcejler and Confecrated 1682. lioebejler: Dr. Fmeit Turner, Confirmed Lord Bifliop of J^cbejier, Confecrated 1683* St. 'D/tviis. Dr. Cdfffirtnea Lor'd.Ei- Ihop of St. Oivids, and Confecrated 1683. The prefentBifiiopsof£?gtod, forGravitr. learning-arid Pi^cy, e^ual, if Hot exceed, any of their Predecelfors. ■ Thefe are all Barons and Peers of the Realm; thefe have place in the Vpfer ffoufe of Fitrlii- weat, and in the Upper Uoufe of Comcnim-, and thefe axe the lords • tet.follow the co'mmohs SpirhmJ, C6n/i)f'fng of BiJJ)0ps, DeanSt Archdeacons, Preben'idrUs, Kehors and f'kars-, to whom alfo belong divers con- Hderable Priviledges. All Siiffr^ginBipps, and mus, Auhiemns, ■Vrebmdrks, l^Hors and Ficars, -have Privi'- ledges, fome by themfelves, o'thers by Proxy, or by Reprefentative, to Sit and Vote in the LomerHoufeoj Comoeatim. No Subljdies, or other Tax to the King, may legally belaid upon them, without their own conrcnt'iirfthadin The Clergy (as appears by thb words of the Writ, as alfo by Modus teHerJi ParUm, which doubtlefs is very antient, although lefs by 200 years than Sir Edvourd. Co^c thought; and 21 Eicki. cap, 12) hath Per Procurawfss CM, Place and Suffrage in the loiper mife of Par- liar,lent, aswasantiently praiffifed in England, and of latter years in Ireland, (though now not ufe,dineither3 andastheBifliopsllillhavc, and afe in-the'Higifrm/c^'a/Piiritof. 0 £ No Clergy-man may Be cofnpelle3 fo Bfl- dergoahyPef/fljiiil or Jerwcf of the comfnon-walth, or to ferve in Wat. If ahy fflani, byteafori of his Land, be fahjeato he lleffed to-any Servile Officeif lie takes Orders, he is free, and there is a 'wm pur* pofelytofreehim. . All Clergy-men are free fromthe iQngsPur- veprs, t\ie KjngsCitmgar the &G. for'which they may atmand a ProreffioB from 'the King, cmcldufiila'niihimua If a Glefgy-man acknowledge a Srnme, his Body fhall ifot be taken'by virtue of any Pfii- cejs thereupon, for the wilt runs', Si Liicu^ ft. Clergy-men are not obliged to appear at SkriffsTourm, or riemsof Fruni-fldge, there to take their Oittbef MegMce-, the aWient ■Laws prefiimihg, that thoTe; whofe 'ptincipa'l Care and Office-fhould be to teach the People loydiy and Megiuce to their 'King_, could not themfelvekwant By MigM charu no Clergy-maii is to be Pined or Amerced , according to his' Sfititunl Mem, but according to-.his Jilnperal Efijts, and according to the Crnifecoihmitted. TheGuodj of Clergy-men-are difcharged' by the cmrnon-Lm of from Tolls and rn/iows (f'mn exercesfit Mmh'Mizms'de eifdeoi) ■of A-Jeroge, Pomge, Munge-, tnkige-. Tor which they have the KingS'Writ-to difcliarge them. ' . _ , The GJek luds, and Sfinmil S^eveMts of Clergy-men, being held- In pio'a cr-. feepema, EteemofyM, (i.e.) in Etiiit{dlmoitie ,'"aie ex¬ empted from Arraying and Mullering of Men, or Horfesforthe War> as appears in a Statute a"63 2-64 dtaes fllll in force, viz. 8 He*. 4. Hkw. 12. in the imprinted J^&of that Purlknem. The Ciergy being by their Fuitliion pro¬ hibited to wear a Sword, or any Aihs, (their Cou. alone being their defence) cannot ferve in Perfon in War. They ferve their Coun¬ try otherwife; and for that fervke, have always been thought Worthy of their Spirt, tuil Piofts and Revemes, and of the . Kings TroteSm. The Clergy paying to th.e King the Firli- years Profits of all Spiritual Benefices, called /ny?-Fruits, and yearly the Tenth of all the faid Benefices, are, vvith greatreafon, thought fit to be exempted from all other Taxes •, though to give the Laity good example, tiiey often lay Svhftdks, or other great Foxes upon themfelves. It was an antient Maxim in Er^Uod, Niiliiis pro decimif debet omori dealiquo reporotione Pox- tfs [lit itiquibsa oxeribta temporoUbus, Tliefe, and other Immunitiesof the Clergy, the great Jqmiss thought agreeable to Natural Equity, ortheLawof Nature5 thence it was, that King Ptoaab, Gen. 47. when all the Lands of his Subjefls were Mortgaged to him for Bread,'yet fpared the Lands of the Priefis. So Ezra 7.24. and fo in our antient Laws we find, Ve Dixigelio libera quieta erat omnk Ecclepx in Anglia CJ ethm omnit Ftrra qua ix proprio Domittio Ecele/ia erat, uhictmque jacebat, nihil prorfusin tali tedditione psrfohens ; and the reafon thereof is added, ^ia migit in .Ec- ckfia cenfidebat Oraiionibus quam in Armotnin iefexfionibus.. Many of ENGLAND. Many more Prlviledges, Immm^tks, Liber¬ ties, and Franchifes, there are rightly be¬ longing to the Clergy of EngkM ; lb many that to fet down all, faith Sir Edwtrd Co^s upon Magni Chum, would take up a whole Book. The Prlviledges of the Clergy,and Franclufes of the Church, were (with the Liberties of the People) granted, confirmed, andfetled bythe King in full Parliament, -Amo 1253. in fuch a folemn manner, as no llory can parallel it: The King Hood upwith his Hand upon his Breaft, all*^ the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, Hood with Burning Tapers in their Hands, the Archbijhop pronounced as followeth: Ej the Authority of God Omxipotem, of the Son, MdoftheHolyGhojh, &.c.lVe Excommunicate, Anathemati ze,'MdScqu-fer from Our Holy Mother the church, all thoje, who henceforth knowingly, and malkioufly deprive and fpoil churches of their Right, and aU thofe that fiall by any Art or Wit, rajhly violate, dimhiifh, or alter fecretly or openly, in Deed, Word, orcounfel, thofe EcclekdHical Liberties, &c. granted by Our Lord, the tp the Archbijhops, Eifiops, Prelates, Sec. For EvetlafUng Memory whereof, tve have hereunto put Our Seal. After which, all throw¬ ing down their Tapers,extinguilh’d and fmoak- ing, they all Laid, So let all that fhall go againfthit Curfe, be extinU, and fikk, in Hell. Since which, all Kings of England at their Coronations, have by Solemn Oaths promifed to preferve the fame, and they have been con¬ firmed by above thirty fuccefiive Parliaments, commanded to be Read once a Year in Churches; and if any AdUhould be made to the contrary, it istobeheldfornullandvoid, bythe Statute N Antl- 265 265 Antientif Men were very tender and fearful to do any thing that might make them incur the faid dreadful cenfure; but of latter times, efpe- cially fince our Reformation,many Men pretend¬ ing to more Chriftianity, and to more know¬ ledge, have made little Confcience of infring¬ ing, and violating any Rights, Priviledges, or Franchifes of the Church or Church-Men; whillt the Liberties of the People (though very little violated) have been exailed, even to Sedition and Rebellion. Jievmes of the Ckrgy. To the end, that Men of the baft rank and abilities fliould in all times be encouraged to embrace the moll painful and fevere profellion of a Clergy-man, and that the People fhould the more willingly be Guided andCcnduiSed by them, our moil Chrillian AnceRors, according to the patern of Gods antient People the feres, and of all other Chrillian Commonwealths, judged it expedient to allot large Revenues, and a moll plentiful maintenance to the Enghf) Clern^y, having obferved with Solomon, That a v/ife Man for his Poverty is too oft contemned and defpifed, and that there is nothing more Contemptible and Ridiculous than a-poor Clergy-man. The firft Kings of En^Imd had all the Lands of Bshid in Demefn. The fecond foie Mo¬ narch among the TaxM Kings, Ethelwolphsts, by the advice of his Nobles, gave for ever to God and the Church, both the Tytheof all Goods, and the Tenth part of all the Lands of Engknd, free from ail Secular Service, Taxations, or tree trom au occiuai — Impolitions whatfoever; the Charter ofDo- natWistobefeen in Ingulphus, and other Au¬ thors; which Charter thus ends, !?ui augire vQlmit wjltm domtiomm (as many pious Kings of ENGLAND. and Nobles fince have done) ai/gskt Ommpstms veils Dies ejits profperos ; / quit veto mutate vel mwtere prxfttmpjiret, mfcatfe ad. tribunal Chip rationem reddimrunt. Belides the Tenths of Lands, and the Hus¬ bandman’s profits, Merchants alfo, and Shop, keepers paid to their Spiritual Paftors, the Tenth of their Gain; Servants,in divers places, the Tenth of their Wages, (as Souldiers in the Kings Armies do now a partof their Pay) and in fome places, Ale-fellers the Tenth Flagon. Alfo Handicrafts-men and Day-Labourers paid the Tenth of their Wages upon their Oaths, if required. Per AJftfan Forejia:, and other Records, it doth appear, that Tythes have b:en paid, even of VetAfon, in divers parts of England ^ Men making Confcience, in thofe days, as a- niongft the Ancient fem, to pay Tythes of all they pofleffed. Befides all thofe, in foine places were paid to the Pallor, Obventions, Oblations, Penfions,- Mortuaries.e’c. fothat the Eiigli(l) Clergy were the beft provided for, of any Clergy in the whole World, except only the Nation of Che Jewr, amonglt whom, the Tribe of Zew, be. ingnot the fourth part of the Twelve Tribes, as appears in the Book of Numbers, yet had, as Mr. Seldon confelTeth, and that by Gods own appointment, three times the Annual Revenue of the greateft of the Twelve Tribes: info- much, that the pooreft Pried in the Twenty- four' Courfes, might be Reputed a Wealthy Perfon. And as amongft the Jewr, the Twenty four chief Prielis, for the better Maintenance of their Authority and Dignity, had Means, far exceeding thofe of the inferiour Clergy, and N 2 the 2^7 SJIje f ?ef«nt the High Prieft had a Maintenance as far ex- ceeding any of the faid Twenty four Priefts. So in ErgU'd the Bilhops, by the great Piety and Bounty of feveral Englifo Kings, had, in lands and Revenues, Tempowl and Spintaal, a Maintenance far more ample than thofe of the Inferior Clergy •, and the two Jrchbijhofs more ample than the Bilhops. . willim the Conqueror, at his coming into England, found the Bijhopruls then in be¬ ing fo richly endowed with Lands, that he Erefted them all into Baronies, jrii ev_ery Barony then confided of thirteen llfiigks Fees ^^B*i!es!*there belonged to Bilhops feveral Ferquifiies and Duties for the njimonsof their Discikes, for Ordinations, In/limtms, Cenfus Cathedraiicus, fubjidkm Charitativm, which, upon reafonable Caufes, they might require of the Clergy under them; alfo other Duties,called Decimarm quarta, Mortmriorm & Oblamm fenfitatio, ^usBoffitii, Srocejfio, Lttama. Ftattn veicommeam coUatio ; which upon a Journey to gome they might demand. Tenths and EthUs were Antiently paid fas is Relieved) to the feveral Dkcefans , totheBilhopof Norwich, till the Eighth deprived him thereof, and d^F'ved the ^ of all the reft. Moreover, all Cathedral Churches were, by divers Kings and Nobles, richly furnilhed with Lands, for the plenti¬ ful iMintainance of a Dean, and a tertam number of Prebendaries; infomuch, that, to¬ gether with the Lands given to Monafleries, Ithird part of the Lands of England belonged to the Church and Churchmen; whereby did accrue much benefit to this Nation, great Hofpitality was kept, many of ENGLAND. redoes, Churches. Bridges built, otkr Publick, Pious, and Charitable Works. All Leafes held of them by. the Laity, were not only much more eafie than other Tenures, but fo unqueftionable, that there was bttle rvork for the Lawyers; fo much peaceable- nefs, that 140 fworn Attorneys were thought fuSicient to ferve the whole Kingdom. At prefent the Revenues of the Engf Clergy are generally very fmall and inlufli- cient, above a third part of the be t Benefices of EniUvd being Antiently by the Pop^s Grant, appropriated to Monaftnes towards their Maintainance, were upon the dilfoludon of Monaltries, made Lay-Fees; befides what hath been taken by fecrctand inclircCt means,- through corrupt CompofItions.CompadISjUntI Cuftoms in many other Parfhes; alfo many large Eftates wholly exempt from paying Tithes, as Lands belonging to the Cijlertun Mmh, to the Knights-Templers, and HofpitaP lers. Thofe Benefices that are free from thefe things, yet (belides Firft-Fruits and Tenths to the King, and Procurations to the Bilhop) are taxed towards the Charges of the refpeftive Parifhes, and towards the publick Charges of the Nation, above and beyond the proportion of the Laity. The Bilhopricks of Eitglini have been alfoi- fince the latter end of Hemy the Eighth, to the coming in of King Jumer, moll miferably Robbed and Spoiled-of the greatefl part of their Lands and Revenues; fo that at this day, a mean Gentleman of 200/. Land yearly, will not change his Worldly Ellate and Con¬ dition , with divers Biihops: an Attorney, a Shop-keeper, a common Artifan, willhard- N 2 2-70 IClje ^jefent ^tate ly change theirs with ordinary Pallors of the Church. Some few Bilhopricks do yet retain a com¬ petency, amonglt which, the Bilhopnck of iurfum is accounted one. of the chief, the yearly Revenues whereof, before tte late Troubles, were above 6 ocol. of which, by the late for abolifliing Tenures in Capite, was loll above 20001. yearly. Out ot it, a yearly Penlion of 880/. hath been paid to the Crown, ever fince the Reign of Queen Eikileib, who promifed in lieu thereof, lo much in Improprmions ■, which was never per¬ formed. Above 340 yearly Pa'^‘0 Officers of the County Palatine of Durhim. The Alfifes and SeSions duly kept m tte Bi- fhops Houfe, at the foie charges of the Bi- Ihop. The feveral Expences for keeping in repair .ertain Banks of in 0-^dm^tre belonging to that Bilhopnck,- and of feveral pToufes appertaining to that See. Moreover, the yearly Tenths, the Firft-Fruits, and pub- lick Taxes being deduced, there did remain Cmrnmbus annU to the Bilhop, to -keep Hofpitality, (which mult be great) and to provide for thofe of his Family, but about 1CO0 1 yearly. It is true, that for the fu¬ ture, whilll Firlt-Fruits and Subfidies ceafe to be paid, this Bilhops Revenue will be raifed to <001. more per mum, and then the aforementioned 880 I being very lately, by His Majellies Gracious Lettp Patents, under His Great Seal, begira to be releafed for all times to come; and about 4001. more pet mum being added to that Revenue, in dr- vers Rents lately improved by the late Bilhop Dofilor ^obn eofins, by the abatement of Firtes, (wliich Gtherwife he might have taken to him- cf E N G L A N D. felf) the whole yearly Revenues of this Bi- fiioprick began in the year 1670. to be 3280 /. per anmm. Of other principal Biihopricks, the Ke- venues have been much Diminifhed, fome ■enjoying not a fourth part of their Antient The great diminution of the Revenues of the Clergy, and the little care of augmenting or defending the Patrimony of the Church, is the great reproach andlhameof the Refor- Ltion, and will one day prove the mine of Church and State. . , „ r judicious Mr.Ji/oDie/ (who m the Preface or his Works foretold our late Troubles forty Years before they came to pafs) obferving in his time how the Church was every' day rob¬ bed of her Dues. and that it was then an Opinion rife, fTto to give to the Church fmelt of m Pefery, ini to tthf from the Church Kbit our AnceSors hui given, ton t(e~ formitm,:\ declared, That what Mifes faith in the 90th Pfalm, was likely to be verified of ReUgion and Gods Service amonglt us; me time thereof may be Threejcore Tern uni Ten, if it continue till Fourfcore, itwill be but fmall iov to thofe that (hall then behold the condi¬ tion of the Englip Church ; nor can the bed Read Hiftorian produce one Example of a happy State, where the. Clergy hath been ex- pofed to the peoples contempt, which mull Lppen where their Benefices, their_ Main¬ tenance, is fcandalous, and thereby their Per- fons delpicable. It is the laft Trick, faith St. Gregory, that the Devil hath in the World, when he cannot bring the mrd and Sacnmenrs in difgrace by Errours and Herefies, he invented this project N 4 ® 271 272 to bring the Clergy into contempt and low elieem, as it is now in EngUnt, where they are accounted by many as the drefs and refufe of the Nation. Men think it a ftain to their Blood, to place their Sons in that Funflion, and Women afliamed to Marry with any of them; whereas Anciently in EtigUvd , Cas a- mong thejewr, the Tribe of Levi ms count¬ ed Noble above ail other Tribes, except that of the Royal Tribe of fudth ) the Funftion of the Clergy was of fo high Account and Efleem, that not only the bell Gentry and Nobility, by divers of the Sons and Brothers of Ceveral EngliJh Kings, fince the Conqueft, and before, difdained not to enter into Holy orders, and to be Clergy-men, as at this day is Praftifed in moft other Monarchies of Chriflendom. EiheJmolph, Son and SuccelTor to Eghert, firft foie King of EngUnd, was in Holy Orders, and Bilhop of WtiKhefier, at his Fathers death. Odo Bilhop of BnyeuxmNor- mndy, wasBrotherto the Conquerour. mwry de Bloii, Brother to King Stephen, was Bilhop of WinchefleT. Geofry Plmtgenet, Son fo Henry the Second, was Bilhop of Lincoln: Hemy deBemfort, Brother to Afwiry the Fourth, was Bilhop alfo of nincheper. And of latter times, that moll prudent Jdenry the Seventh had deligned his Second Sen to be a Clergy¬ man, to omit many others of Noble Blood. Which Policy is Hill obferved even amongft the few Families of the Eomip Religion in Engkni, wherein are to be found at this day, feme Brothers or Sons of Dukes, Marquifes, Exrls and Bmns, in Holy Orders, and- all the reft of the Stock of Baronets, Plights, or Gentry, and for this caufe find refpefl; not only aniongft thofe of their own Opinions, but even of-E ngland: of thetnotlfobcr, moderate, and baft civiliz’d ■ Proteftants. Whilft this Policy lailed m Efig- Und, (which bv the favour, and to the high Honour of the King now Reigning, is m lome , hopes to be revived-, fora Brother of the Earl 0? Nonhmpwit, another of the Earl of a Son of the Earl of Atigkfey, a Son of the Lord mnh, another of the Lord Crtm, ano¬ ther of the Lord Brirew!, Ef’e been lately encouraged to enter into Holy Orders) th Clergy were Judged the fltteft Perfons to exe¬ cute molt of the chief Offices and Places of the Kingdom, (according to the Divine Policy amonglt Gods ■ Peculiar Peoplewh^e the Priellsan'd Leviteswere the Principal Otticers and Judges in every Court; to whom the People were to be obedient, on pain-of death) and the Laity did, with much Reverence and Refpeft', fubmirto them. And as then, Os StcenloiU, Ou:iiIm eut fkbii, (.according to thzt of Mukch Chap. 2. 7.) So, Os Eftlcofi, Ouculwn erttt 5* Imt Vnivetfum-Ckmn Uu frsnte, 0 cx eo fmper PM eiigeb.t prims i CorfUs, prmos ai OSck Regm obennis. Prmr igtmr fedebm lit omibus ):rg4 ComiU PS TribumUbm Epifioph iff-J(€palr quiikm pnluno’ ciira -Uiignimm > in comhmi imt cum Comhe. h Tuno cumpco- comite, PS in -Hmdredo-cutn -Dommo fiundredv, neutin pnmovendi ^uftitif ufipuequa.jue-gUdii aldhm d'pitvmt PSiiihil -iticorifulto Sucerpe vel lipifcopo tigeremn Ahd-tliis Union of Civil and Ecclefiallical Perfohs’, Autliority, a id Court, of Judicature, -did continue; as Ssidk, 1. 2. do Synedrtifi makes-?.pparent; above Four thoii- fand Years', amonglt Gods'own’Peopie , till Pope Nichotia thd Firit, 'about the’ Eighth' (in:- tuarv,- to e.xeludethe- Empsrour-from'ftiedlioi 573 pefcnt ^ta£e in the Ecclefialfical Government, began to ex- clude the Clergy from medling with the Civil, Vide Gm. Divine. C. Cum id. Fttum. And it is certain, that for four or five hundred Years, during the Reign of our Saxon Kings in Mng- hni, our Ecclefiaftical and Secular Magiftrates fate lovingly together, with all fweetnefs and candour, determining in the Morning Eccle- fiallical Aftairs, and Civil in the Afternoon; whereby it came to pafs,, that the Subjefthad BO caufe to complain of Prohibitions, ilTuing out of one Court of Judicature, to obllruct thejuftice of another, to the great coll, and fometimes ruine of the poor Client, as hath been done ever lince willim the Conquerour made that unhappy Divifion in this Church and State. But to return to our Eilhops, upon whom the Weal of this Kingdom, andferviceof the King fo much depended, and their prefence for that end fomuch required at Zoudon, that it was judged expedient that every Bilhoprick. Ihould have a Palace or Houfe belonging to it an or about London-, and it is known at this day where flood the Houfes of every one,, except that of St. Jfifh , which alfo might probably have had one, but more obfeure than fome other, that Bilhoprick having been as llill very mean. Great was the Authority of the Clergy in thofe days, and their Memory fliouldbe pre¬ cious in thefe days, if we confider that they were the Authors of fo great Benefits and Advantages to this Kingdom, that there are few things of any importance for promoting of the Welfare of this Church and State, wherein the Bilhops and Prelates, under God, bTE'KGXAND. ^^S- tave not been Jhe Excellent Laws made by King /»«5 ^ tieWnn, King Edmund, and St. Edmard the eonfelTor, from whom-we have urns, and our mentioned m • Sm, were all raade^ythe perfwalions and advice of Archbifhops and nur Hillories. The Vnion of the two Houies- of mk and Lmujler, (whereby a long and bloody War was ended) was by the moll wife Advice and Counfel of Bilbo p a Privv Ceunfellor. The Vnm of EngUni Ld sclknd, that inexpreffible ^ both Nations, was brought to pafs by the long fore-fight of Reverend Bilhop f «, a* Privy Counfellor, in advifing Henry the Se- 3 toniatch hiseldeft f and his younger to Frunce. ^ Molt of the great. Publick Works now reraammg in EmUnd^. acknowledge their Antientand prefent teing,, eitherto the foie Coll and Charges-, ^ Liberal Contributions, or at l^aft to the Pow-- erful Perfwafions of Bilbops, as molt of the. bell endowed Colledges m both our ■lies very many Ho^yMs, Chwches, Fuluces ,. cafihs, have been Founded and Built by Bi- Ihops; even that Famous, Cliargeab e,.an.1 D f ■ficult Struftore of eed to the Liberal Gontnbutions of an Attn bilbop; and it was a Bilbop of London, at whofe ■ earnellrequelt Wi’dium the Conquerour granted. . to the City of London fo large Pnviledges, that ■in a grateful Remembrance thereof, the Lori Miyot and AUtrmtn, upon fomc folOTn days of their refort to St..Pa«/s Church, did., before the late dreadful Fire,.goin.Procefliomabouc the Gfav£'Jw«e,. where; that BilboR lay ui- ■terted,. . 2,7^: -016 ^jEfent ^fatr But above all, the Converting EtgUni to the ChriUkn Religion, .the Reforming that Re¬ ligion, when Corrupted'; and fince that, the Maintainance of the DoRrine thereof againli dl li;omijl) Writers,, and of the DifcipUne thereof @ione of the lealt good Offices) againll all the Iraftices and; Power of the Puritan and Pres- hpterian FaRions, and all thofe other SeSaries, ■lineally defended from them; All thisand fflore, isowing (if notfolely, yet principally) to BiJhopS' and Prelates ; By the late want of whom to fit-at the Stern, liow foon was this goodly VeiTel fplit upon the Rocks of Anarchy and Confufion ? Even fince the late Refiauration of Bilhops, to fetdown the many confiderableand publick Benefices flowing from them, and other dignified Clergy, would tire the Reader. What fumms of Money have- been by them expended in repairing Cathedral Chtrches, E~- pifcopal Hotifesy.m founding and building pitals, in Charity to poor. nidom, of Clergy¬ men utterly ruined by the late Rebels. for redeeming of a great number of ^oorehrifiks Slaves at Jlgierl What publick and private fumms for fiipplying the l^ngs Neceffitks at his Reifauration i What Expences in HoI|)ita- lity, &c, above and beyond the charity and" Bounty of others r who have ten times their .Wealth and Riches ? To.inflanceina few, whereof certain infor¬ mation hath beengiven. Dr. Wi'Ham Juxon, Archbifcop of Canterbury, deceafed, augmented to poor Vicarages to the -Valueof iioQO 1. paid for P^demption of.ctpr tives, fif-. ENGLAND. 277■ thes, in Subjldiis, VoU-Money, Benevokitces, Firfl-Fnms,&c. looooh Ms^drs, 16000/. fides, for repairing of St. Ptfs/i Church,2000/. To St. folm Colledge in Oxjord. yoooh' In other Charitable Ufes 2000/. In all 48000/; BeSdes all this, he was fo kind to his Tenants,., as to abate in their Fines 16000 / Dr. Gilbert Sheldon , then Biflio^ of London) and after Archbiftiop of Cmterbury, gave for Rcdmimn of Captivet , and other Chmtms V^es, in Sub/idks, Benevolences, Purchafe of iOKdoa-Houfe, Repairs, Buildings at Oxford, Firfi-Fruits, D’c. 40000/. and abated to lus Tenants ^7000 L And almottall this whilft he was Bifliop of London. Dr. Briin Duppt, late Bilhop oFirmhefter ), gave for Redeeming captives, Building- and En¬ dowing with other Charitable Deeds, in Benevolences, Repairs, fs’c. 16000/., and was fo good to his Tenants, as to abate ■ 30000 1. in their Fines. Df. Frewen, late Archbifhop of Fori, dis- burfed in Publick Payments and Repairs only^ , befides Abatements to Tenants, i^ooo /. Dr. Cofns, tlie fore-mentioned Bifliop of Durham, having from his firft entrance, to the - end of feven Years, not received above 19800 /.. he expended itall, and .5000/. more, either in rebuilding and repairing the Houfes and’Call les belonging to that See, or in rebuilding the ■ Chappel at Aiikjand, and Free-Schoois at Dur-^ - ham, all which had been Ruined by tlie late Rebels; in founding two Hofpitals, and a pub- lick Library, in founding Eight Scholarpps in Cambridge. Of which ..Pious and Charitable Works, the whole expences came (according to molt certain informations) toabove.22000/, Befides, he hath expended in two Benevolences 278 jBE$e perent ^tate ~ to the King , in Redeeming of Ctrifim Cdp- iivesit Algiers-, for his Confecration.e^n. for the Furniture of the. new chapel at Au^land, with'Plate and otlier decent Ornaments; for relieving the dillrefled Poytl Puny, and other Puhlick and Pious Ufes, above 440901". All whichls-declared here more partiralarly, than the defigned 'brevity of this X-teatife would handfomely allow, only-therehy to put.a Hop to the clamour of many perfons againlt this Bilhop, and many others; as if they had received vail Aims of .Money, and put it all in their private Purfes. Dr. wumer, late Bilhop of S^cbefiet, though his Fines were but but fmall, yet befides Abate* ments to Tenants, he gave in Royal Prefents, Benevolences, Subfidies,- Redeeming of Cap¬ tives, Cc.' above 2-^000 U The Deans and Chapters were proportionably as liberal; To mention in fome of them. That of Cwteriaryin Royal Prefents, Chari¬ ties, Repairs, befides all Abatements to Te¬ nants,, gave 16000/. That of Winchefier, in all 45800/. Durbim, 15000. Ely, 14000- . Exeter, near 26000. Lincoh, iiooo. Pocbefier, 10000. Worchefter, 9000. Wki^or, in abatement of Fines 9000 /. in Royal Prefents 2600 /. in Augmentations 6900!. in Repairs 8000/. in Charitable Works-above 2600/. in all 28500/. Xorb, 8000/. Weky ^000 L The- The Sum Total of only thefe above-mention* edBifhops, Deans and Chapters, amounts to 413C00/. ■ The red doubtlefs parted with their Money proportionably, and then all Accounts call up,, the remainder could not be great. For inltance, in one of the bed Churches, canterbury, out of their clear remainder of all the firll four years,. viz. attheend of the year 1664. they had no more than every Prebend iico A and the Dean a double lhare. As they have then been beneficial to this King¬ dom, above and beyond other ranks of Men, fo. they have had the higheft refpea, reverence- and efteem. , In all Ages, amongft all Nations, amonglt Tiiris as well -as ^ews and chrifikns, it was judg¬ ed fit, that the Principal Doraellique Servants of the King of Heaven and Earth, either fiiould', be of the Chiefelland Noblellupon Earth, or at leal! Ihould be fo efteemed. Such reverence our Ancedors bare to that Funilion, thatCasSeWmobferves) to fall down and kifs the Feet, was a Ceremony ufua! to¬ wards other Bilhops and Principal Prelates, befides the Bifhop of I(ome. Divers of our Saxon and Norman Kings and Nobles fo re* fpefled them, that they condrained them in publick Grants, yet to be feen,. to Sign be¬ fore the higheft of the Lay-Nobles, and fome- times before the Kings own Sons and Bro- thers, 6 'c. to take Precedence of them,. &c. In the Year 1200. three Kings, viz. 0^ Eng- Uni, Scotland, and of South Wales, to exprefs thpir- pious and courteous Refpeft to Hugh Bilhop ■' %% jC^6 Estate BiHiop of Lincoln, difdained nof, with their own R^yd Shoulders, to bear his dead Corps to • the Grave. And yet it hath been Obferved, even by Strangers, That the Iniquity of the prefent times in is fuch. That the En^HJb Orthodox Clergy are not only hated by the ROminifts on the one- fide, and maligned by the Fresbyterms, Anabiftifis, fakers, and the reft of' the Famtijues eir the other fide, as the Englilh Liturgy hath alfb been- for a long time by both of them, (a fure evidence of the Excellency thereof; and as our Saviour was Crucified between two Thieves) but alfo, that of all the Chriftian Clergy of Europe, (whether Romijh, Lutheran:-, or Cdvinkn) none are fo little refpeiSed generally , nor Beloved, Obeyed, or Rewarded, as the pre¬ fent Piousj Learned, Loyal, Orthodox- Clergy of England, even byfome of'thole who have always Profefled themfelves of that Communion, O.JLsm in fix tempora refervajli nos .-.. of ENGLAND. Hen foSoweth a Catalogue of all the paefent DEANS both the Provinces of Canterbury, and York. In the Provinre of Canterbury. camiMj. T*NR. Dean of Csmlutf. ^ St. Ptuts. Dr. EimrdStlShifleet, Dean of St. PmIs. mfitmfier. Dr. Thim Spftt, Dean of We^iniiifter^ Wmiejler. Dr. a^gctf.'Deino? W^nctefien Ely. Dr. Sfencer, Dean of Ely. chifi-Chmch. Dr. yobnFeU, Bilhopof Oxford, and ef Chriff-chrch, 281 Wotcefiet,. 282 C()e Werce/ler. - Dr. mrnoci, Bifliop of St. Davids, and Dean of muefier. cmmrii znd litchjield. Dr. Mdifon, Dean of Covmyznd Litdjield, Bath and H’ells. Dr. Bitbur/. DcrtflOf Bithztid Wells, ' Hereford, Dr. Benfoii, Dean of Hereford. 'SitlUhrf. Dr. 'liomis Tierce, Deandf St.-jifiph. Dr; Smford, Dean of St. ^aph. BriffoJ, Dr. Ctofman, Dean of BfiSol. ChicheHer. Dr. Stidthg, Dean of Chichefer. . Bpchejiet: Dr. CafliVm, Dean of Bp^cbefiee. Teser- PeKtbomih. Dr. Symornmci of Covwt G<«ru Smh, Dean of CtetUfte, Nm<, that in the Cathedral Churches of St. Dmd, and of Lining, there never hath been any Dean, but the Bilhop in either is head of the Chapter; and in the Biihops abfence, the cbimsT ai ct. ruviis. and at Lining the Arch-Deacon. Note airs,. That there are fome Deans in Big- Uni, without any Jurifdiftion, only for Honour fo lliled; as the DeaH of the Chappel-Royal, who at prefentis Dr. Compton,, Lord Bilhop of lonion-, TheQ^of theChappelof ^t.Geotge at trinifor, '^liurell-, The Dean of J^ippon, Dr. Cmwrf^ ; The Dean of Guemzep, Dr. Moreover, fome Deans there are without any Chapter, yet enjoying certain Jurifdifti- onsas the Dean of cropdon, the Dean of Battel, thepeanof Boc0ng,MT.Edmti 'Stetr}, &c. C H A. p. ti ENGLAND. CHAP. XVIII. Of the Second State or . Nobility of England, and therein of their Degrees j Priviledges, States ^ RevenaeSf See. N obiles, quifl viri nofcibiles, or N'otiliks, 2 tme. In all Chrillian Monarchies. Men that have been notable for Courage, irifdom, Weahb, Cc. have been judged fit and worthy to enjoy certain ethiMgts, Titles, Vigmiies, Bomrs, &c. above the common People, to be placed in an higher and to be a Sireeu between the King and the inferiour Subjedts, to defend the one fromlnfolencies, and the other from Tyranny; to interpofe by their comifel, courage, and Gm- deur, where common perfons dare not, ought not to be fo hardy, to fupportthe King, and defend the Kingdom with their Lives and For- The Nobility of EngUxi is called the Peer- ace of SfiglMd, becaufe they are all P^f iegui ; that is, Nobilime Pares, though gradu im^ares. The Degrees of the EugJijh Nobility are jjegrees, only five, viz. Duke, Marquis, Earl, Vicom, and Saron ; thefe are all Peers, but the four firlt are for State, Priviledge, and Ptecedemy aboveand before thofe who are Barons only. 2^6 p£fent ^tate A Duke in Lutine, Dhx, a Dncenio, Noble¬ men being antiently either Generafaand Lenders of Armies in time of War, or Wardens of Marches/; andGovefnourSdf Provinces in time of Peace'; afterwardsmade’fofoftermoflife, then held, by Linds and ?eex, at length made Bereditdiy and timJur, ' if. The firft Duke, iince the Conqueronr, was F.dmrd the Blac^ Prince, created fo-by.'£ii». inthe nth Year of his Reign. A'Duke' isat this day created by Pnteni, cintlure of Sword, Mantleoj State, Impofiimof a Cap, snd coronet of Gold on His Head, and a Ferge of Cold put into his Hand. ' ■ ' ‘ . Marnuifs. dPIarchio, a Marquifs, was fo firit called from ^ ' theGovernmentofAfu«fej,andFrontierCoun- tries. The firll that was fo created, smUobert Fen, Earl of Oxford, madeMarquifs oP Dublin in OSavo of-gicb, 2. . A Marquiis is created by' a cMurs of a Sword, a Mantle of State, Impopiion of a Cap of Honour, with a curoasr, and deliveryof n charter or Patent. Sari. Earls Antiently called Comites, faecaiife they were wont Comitari Begem , to wait upon the King for Council and Advice. The Saxons cal¬ led them Ealdernm, the Danes Eorhis, and the Snglifi Earls. They had Antiently for the fup- portof theirState, the third pennyoutof the Sheriffs Court; iffuing out of all Pleas of that Shire, whereof they had their Title; but now it is otherwife: for whereas heretofore comes and CuwrwtKj were Correlatives, and there was no comes or Earl, but had a County or Shin for his Earldom-, of latter Years, the number of Earls 'of ENGLAND. 287 Earls increafing, and no more Counties left, divers have made choice of fome eminent part of a County, as iMfey, Bolhni, cliueU'd, ctivsn, &c. Others have chofen for their Title fome eminent Town, as P.wter, isiigrnm, Brillol, &c. And fdlle of late ha ve taken for their Title the name of a fmall Village, of a Park, 'dc. , . „ r j An Earl is created by the mlhre of i Sword, Mmk of State put upon him by the I^kg himjelf, a cap and a coronet put upon hit Head, anda Charter in hit Hand. . . All Earls are ftiled by the King, confangmnei Nofri, OurCoufns-, and they Antiently did, and Hill may ufe the flile of Nos. All the Earls of England are local, or deno¬ minated from fome Shire, Town, or Place, except two, whereof one is Perfonal, as the Earl Marlhal of England, who is not only Honorary, as all the reft, but alfo Omciary. The other is Nominal, vk- Earl ^versy who takes his denomination from an IlluHrious Fa¬ mily, as the reft do, from fome noted place. Vicecomes, qua^ Fict comitis guhernaiuria yjfcaunt, cowiwmw. This Title was firft given, fay fome, hyHi>u 6 . in the 18 year of his Reign, to fuhn Eeiumont, though it may be found, that qH.q. Sir Robert Brent was by the King created a-Vi- count. . ^ Vicounts alfo are Ailed by the King, Confan- guinei Nojiri, Our coufns. A Vicount is fo made by Patent. In the Laws of the Longobards, and of the ^^on. Normans, this word was ufed for rir, as 2^3 P;!eKne is Fif, Fit Notabilit, & hincipi- lit-, fo the chief Burgeflesof ZM(/eaahtiently, and ftill thofe of the Cinpe-Pms , are called Sams. BtaSon faith, they were called Bamm, qiiafi B^bur Stilt, in time of VSIgr, the fafety ef the King, and of all his People, did depend upon their Courage, Wlfdom, Condudt, and Skill in Martial Affairs. , Antiently thofe Barons only were accounted Peers of the Realm, that held of the King pet itaegrtmumkm, which conlilfed of 13 Knights Fees, and one third part feach Knights Fee be¬ ing 20/.) which makes in all 400 Marks; and whoever had fo much, was went to be fummon- ed to Parliament. Now to hold per Bamkm, is to hold per hmdiutemBatotif, whether great¬ er or lefs; Barons, in the beginlng of the Reign of Ben. 3. were not of fo much repute as after¬ wards, when that King (after that great Re¬ bellion againlt him was fupprell) called by Writ unto Parliament, only fuch great Men as had continued Loyal; which thefucceeding Kings obferving, they only were accounted Peers of the Realm, that were called by the Kings fpecial Writ, and the others loft their Peerage, asfomc grave Authors afErm. The Earls Palatines,■ and Earls Marches of England, had Antiently alfo their Barons under them; as in chejhire there are yet fuch Barons: but as no Bilhops but thofe that hold immedi¬ ately of the King, are Peers ef the Realm, (for the Bilhop of Man, holding immediately of the Earl of Derby, is no Peer) fo no Barons, but thofe that hold immediately of the King, are Peers of the Realm. caput ' Df ENGLAND. Caput Bamk is Come CdUe, orchief Seatof a Nobleman, which is not to be divided amonglt Daughters, (if there be no Sons) but mult de- fcend to the eldeil Daughter, Catem jiUabus aliunde fuitfaSis. Landholdenby Barony, doth not make the Purchafer, that is ignoble,to be noble, although the charge of, fuch Tenure doth lie upon him, ia refpeft of the Service of the Realm; no more than Land by Villain-Service doth make the Purchafer, that is a Freeman, a Villain, though he fhall thereby be bound fo his Villain-Service, due for his Lands. Barons are foraetimes made by W'’rit, being thereby called fo fitin the Higher Houfe of Par¬ liament, butmoftufually by Patm. All the fore-mentionedDegrees have theTitle of Lord, fcomtheSaxonwQid Laford, Domimt. All the Lords of England, both Spiritual and Temporal, are Feuditarks to the King, arid in their Creation, and alfo in their Succe.lion, do ftvear an Oath of Fealty, and do homage to the King their Sovereign, and pay certain Duties, as Signs and Symbols of 'their Subjedion to their Prince- All Honours in England are given by the King, who is the foie Fountain of Honour. ■■ The Laws of England prohibit all Subjeflsof the Realm to receive any Hereditary Title of Honour, or Dignity, of theGift ofanyfre.-g)) Frince, K^r.g, or Empaouf. Ejl enim jm Maje- jlatit, inter Jnjtgnia fummae pttejdui!. None of lixtds Honours bellowed by the King on a Family, can be loft, but by want of Ilfue Male, except where the Patent extends to Iflite Female, as fometimes it doth; oreircbyfome hainous crime: andthenthat Family cannot be reftored to their Blood but by Parliament. All $00 All Noblemen at their Creation have two Enfigns, to lignifie two Duties: Their Heads are adorned, ad mfulendim ^gem ^ Patrkm tempore Tacit ■, and they are girt with a Sword ad defetidendum E^gem K Patmm tempore BeL’i. The feveral Degrees of the Etiglijl) Nobilitjs are differenced and diifinguilhed one from ano¬ ther by their Titles and Eniigns of Honour. _ A Duke hath the Title of Grace, and being written unto, maybelHled, Mcpnigh, Totem, and Noble Prime, A Marqiiifs, Mo(l Noble, and mem Lord. An Earl, Mojl Noble, and Potent lord. A Ficount, Sight Noble, and Potent lord. And a Baron, Eight Noble Lord.^ Their Coronets are all different. A Baron hath fix Pearls upon the Circle, given to that Honour by the prefent King. A Vicount hath the Circle of Pearls without number. An Earls •Coronet hath the Pearls raifed upon Paints,and (Leaves low between. The Marquifs, a Pearl and a Strawberry-leaf round, of equal height. And a Dukes Coronet, only Leaves without Pearls. Note, That the Dukes of the Blood- Royal, as afore-mentioned, bear a Coronet of Croffes, 2nAFlort:er-de-Dice, which is the fame withthatof the Prince of Wales, and hisisthe fame with the Kings, excepting the Arches, Globe, and Crofs on the top of the Kings Crown. All the Nobles are more efpecially diflinguifht by their pobes of Parliament, by their feveral Guards on their Mantlets, or Short Cloaks about their Shoulders; A Baron hath but two Guards, a Vicount two and a half, an Eari three, a Mar- qiiifs three and a half, and a Dukefour; Allb the Mantle of a Duke, Marquifs, and Earl is faced with Ermine, that of a Vicount and Baron, faced with plain white Furr. The of ENGLAND. Tlie Nobility of Englmi have in all times enjoyed many confiderable Priviledges. All Peers of the Realm being look’d on as the Kings Hereclltary conliant Counfellors, their Perfons, out of Parliament time, are Privi- ledged(as others in Parliament time) from all Arrells, unlefs for Tmfon, Feloxy, or ketch of Fetce, Condemnation in Parliament, or C'or.- temptioths No Supplictvhczn be grant¬ ed againft them; No ctpitt, or Exigent fried out againlt them, for Adlions of Debt or Trefptfs, No Effoin lies againft any Peer of the Realm. In Criminal Caiifes, Treafon, or Felony, they cannot be tryed by any other Jury, but by a Jury of Peers of the Realm; who are not as 4 her juries, to be put to their Oath, butjkeir Verdia given in upon their I’onour, fufficeth. In Civil Caufes, they are not to be impannelled upon any Jury, nor upon znylnqneih,deftSo, though in a Matter between turn Peers. In cafe any Peer be returned upon any fuch Jury, tliere is a fpecial Writ for his diftharge. Upon no Cafe, to be bound to their good behaviour, nor put to fvvear they will not break the Peace, but only to promife it Vpon their Honour; which was ever accounted fo Sacre'd , as upon no terms to be violated. A Peer of the Rea Im may not be put to the Rack, or Torture, todifcoverthe Truth, though accufed of High Treafon. Every Peer of the Realm called to Parliament, hath the Priviledge in his lawful abfence, to con'li- tute a Proxy to vote for him, which none of the Commons may do. Alfoin places of Trull com¬ mitted to them, they are allowed to malte De¬ puties, by reafon of the neceflity, fuppofed in the Law, of their Attendance on the Perfon of the King, though neither Civil Law nor Com- 302 '%\)t §tate mon Law, allow any other Teflimony to be valid, but what is given upon Oath'; yet the Teftimonyof aPeerof EngUrd ,inupon bis Honour, without any Oath, is elteemed valid; and they were wont,to be Examined upon their Allegiance, and the I oyalty of their Chivalry, and to put intheir Anfv''ertoa Bill /i(ferH5»«re(7i, without taking an Oath: though of latter times, that Priviledge, by the neg- left of fome Lords, hath been infringed fome- times. A day of Grace, by the favour of the Court, is not to be granted to the Plaintiff, In any Suitor Aftion, wherein a Peer of the Realm is Defcndent; and this by Statute-Law, becaufe the Law prefumes, that a Peer of the Realm mull always be ready to attend the Perfon of the King, and the Service of the •Commonwealth, and therefore it is not to be delayed any longer than the ordinary ufe of the Court, but to have expedition of Jullice. Ac ■the beginning of Parliament, when the Oath of Supremacy is exafted of all thofe of the Houfe of Commons, yet it is not required of any of the Lords, becaufe the King is other- wife affured of their Loyalty and Fidelity as is prefumed. In all Cafes, wherein the pri¬ viledge of Clergy is allowed to other Men, and alfo in divers Cafes, where that priviledge is taken away from other Men, every Peer of the Realm, having Place and Voice in Parlia¬ ment, fliall,upon his requell, by Stit, i Edm.6, without burning in the Hand, lofs of Inheri¬ tance, or corruption of Blood, he adjudged for the firll time, as a ( lerkConvidl, though he cannot Read. The Title of Lord is due to all That are Barons of ungUtid, and to none other befidesBilliops, cUdfomegreat Officersofthe Kingdom. Only of ENGLAND. OttlvoF courtelie, tlieTitleof lor^jsgiven to all the Son? of Duk;s and Marquefies, and’ to all the eldelt Sons of Earls, and to none '^"'AllBarons of Eigl/tud are exempted from all attendance at shsrijfsToms, or ■ where others are obliged to take the Ouib (J AUcmitce. . A Peer cannot be Outlawed in any Civa Aim, becaufe he cannot be Arretted by any Capiu-, and by the fame reafonlics no Attucb-- mtnt againtthim. By the Cuttomof Er^UrJ, (asisbytheLaw of the Empire) Nobiles «on torquemr m qums pkbei wmremr, & Nobiles non bijjerM-.uur fed decipimntur; yet this by the meer favoim of tae King, and in fome cafes, efpecially oi Felony, hath'beenotherwife fometimes. For the fupprelTing of l^ots and J^uts, the Sheriff may raifethe PoJfeComnam-, that is, all able Men are to affilt him; yet may not the Sheriff command the Perfon of any Peer of tlie Realm, to attend that Service. A Baron of Parliament being Pent for by the Kings Writ or Letter, orbyHisMeffenger, ■ to come to Court, or to Parliament, or to ap¬ pear before theCoHxcff Board, or m his Court of Chancery, may, both coming and returning,, by the Kings Foreft or Park, kill one.or two- ^ Li'any Civil Tryal, where a Peer, of the' Realm is Plaintiff or Defendent, there nmft be returned of the Jury, at leall one Knight; ■ otherwife the drray may be - quaiht by chaM The Laws of England are fo tender of the Honour, Credit, Reputation, and Perfons of Noblemen, that there is a Statute on purpofe - 30+ ^tate to hiader all oSence by falfe Reports, whereby any fcandal to their Perfons may arife, or de¬ bate and difcord between them and the Com¬ mons ; and becaufe it is to defend, not only UyLorh, but Bijligps, and all Great Officers of the Realm, it is called Sctndtlm Migu- The Koufeof a Peer cannot, in fome Cafes, (as in fearch for Prohibited Books, for Con¬ venticles, ( 5 r.) be entred by Officers of without a Warrant under the Kings own hand, and the Hands of Six of his Frhj coimcil, where¬ of four to be Peers of the Realm. N© Peer can be AflelTed towards the ftanding Milk, but by fa or more of tliemfelves. The Law allowing any one of the Common¬ alty to be arraigned for FeioHy or Treafon, in jivomn viu, to challenge Thirty five of his piry, widiont (hewing caufe, and others by (hewing caiife; yet allows not a I^eer of the Realm to challenge any of his Jury, or to put any of them to their Oath, the Law, prefumina, that they being all Peers of the Realm, anil Judging upon their Honour, cannot be guilty of Fnljlmd, Favour, or Malice. qualifying a certain number of Chaplains, %ho (after a Vijpir,f.iim from the Archbifliop, if to himitfeem good) and the fame ratified under the Great Seal of England) may hold Plurality of Benefices, with cures/ Souls: In this man¬ ner every Duke may quaiifie fix chaplains, every Marquifs and Earl five apiece, every Vicount four, and every Baron three. A Peer of the Realm may retain fix Aliens fair ’ another may not retain above In of ENGLAND. 3^5 In cafe of Amercements of the Peers of the' Realm upon Hon-Snks, or other ^udgwems ■, a Duke is to be amerced only Ten pounds, and, all under only Five pounds; and this to be (:One by their Peers, according to though it is oft done now by the IQn^s jujiices, in Head of their Peers. „ , „ „ All Peers of the Realm being conllant Here- dmr Comfellors of the King , in His^Gre.if CohmH of Pnrlumsnt, and being obliged upon the Kings Summons to appear, and attend m all Parliaments upon their^ own charges, ai e priviledged from contributing to the Expenc^s of any Member of the Honfe of mmorn for which no Levy may be made upon any of tneir Lands, Parcel of their EarUoms ot Baroxie!, any of their antient CopyW, or Eil- ^**^TheEllatesof all Peers of the Mm. being ludged in the Eye of the. Law, fufficientatall limbs to fatisfie all Debts and Damages, fatisfa- flionistobe fought by Execution taken forth upon, their .Lands and Goods, and not at¬ tachments, Imprifonments of Pot/b"s , (thofe are to be always free for the Service of the King and Kingdom) nor by ExigeM, or ‘^''ote^Privikdgel belong to the Peers of Emhnd, as Eight Tun of mne Cttfiorn-Freeto every .Earl; and to the reft proportionably, ‘^Notwithftandingthefe great Prmleclgesbe¬ longing to the mhilhy of T.nglfd, ye. the greateftof them (no not the Brother or Son o. the King)ever had the Priviledgeof theGrante of Spm to he covered m the Ifjngs Prefewe, except onlv Plexry Paiclife, EarFof .y«rre)', as b-fforc. Nor liad ever that higher Priviledge 04 - “ 2:6 iJje pjffent g)tate of the Nobility of fMwe.whofe Iniids, and their holding them, are exempt¬ ed from all Coxtrihtiam and Tallies, by which favour’they are tyed to their and fo en¬ abled tofervehinij that although /(eieHms are frequent, yet feldom of long continuance, and never profperous; whereas tlie highelt born Subjeft of Ettgimi hath, herein no more pri- viledge than the meanefl Ploughman , but utterly wants that kind of reward for Antient Virtue, and Eneonragement for future In- dullry. Touching the Places or Precedencies amongff the Peers of Engkitd, itiitobeobferved, That fafter the Kings and Princes of the Shod, viz. the Sons, Grandfons, Brothers, Uncles, or Ne¬ phews of the King, and no further) Dukes amongif the Nobility, have the firft place, then Marqueffes, Dukes eldeft Sons,Earls,Marquefles eldeft Sons, Dukes younger Sons, Vicounts, Earls eldell Sons, Marquelfes younger Sons, Ba¬ rons, Vicounts eldeft Sons, Earls younger Sons, Barons eldeft Sons, Vicounts younger Sons, Ba¬ rms younger Sons. Here note, that it was decreed by King Jam, That the younger Sons of Barons and Vicounts fiiould yield place and precedence to all Knights of the Garter, ,^atem tales, and to all Privy Comfellors, Mafierof iknrds, Chancellor, and Vnder-Treajurer of the Excheficr, chancellor of the Dmchy, chief Juflice of the Kjngs Bench, MaBerof the I{olls, Chief ^uftict of the Common Pleat, chief Baton of the Exch quer-, and all other fudges and Barons of the degree of the Co'/.of thefaid Courts, and that by reafon of their Honourable Order and Imploynient; and alfotoal! towrcM, made under the Kings Banner or Standard difpiayed , in an. Army Koyal^ 0 f‘ENG LAND. myil, in open- War, -and Hie King perfonalTy, ^ Moreover, obferve, that all Nobles of the' fame Degree, take place according to the Se-- niority of their Creation. Belt the Princes of the Bloorl, the Great Officers of the Realm, and the^Bilhops are to •> precede, according to an of Parliament^ ^ 31 ffen* 8 . -. The Lord Chancellor-, L6rd Treafurer, • Lhrd Present of the Kings.Council; Lord Privy-Seal: Thefe bein.g; Barons, or above, ■ fhall, in Parliament, fit above all Dukes-,. except the Son^ Brother, or Neph^iv of the ^*TOe Lord High'Steward of is'not here named, becaufeitwas intended,jhat he - fiiould not continue beypnd the occafion, for ' , which he fiiould be made. . Nest hath plate, the Lord Great Cfiamb'er- - Iain ol EusUnd, then the Lord H'gh Conitable',, the Earl Marlhal, the Lord High Admiral,. lord Steward of the Kings KoulhoUv-Lord I Chamberlain of the Kings Hoalhold • Thefe • fiiall fit after the Lord Pfivy-Sfek'above afi . of their Degree only. And if -the-Kings Principal Secretary be a Baron , _takc5 - place of all Barons, thatarenotof the Ofhc.s - before-mentioned; but if be be a Vicounr, - or higher -Degree-, he fiiall take place m\f ' according to his Degree.' Alfo, if-the Kit;^^ a Secretary be a Bifiiop, as nntiently - he takes placenexrtothe Bifiiopof -, before all other BifliepsthatJiave none of--the - OiSces aforefaid, ■- s:^e flEfent All Dukfis, Marquefles, Earls, Vicounts,and' Barons, not having any of thefaid Offices,fhall take place according to the antientry of their Creation. All Dukes ElJeft fons have the Title of Earls, andtheEldellSonof an Earl, hath the Title of the Earls Barony,and fometiraesof the Vicoua- ty, according to the Patent. There are certain marks of State that belong to each degree amongft the Nobility,.which they may praitice, or not praftife at plcafiire. Du\!.. A Duke mav hav Kings prefence.a Cl within half a y: ' ve in all places out of the oth of Eftate hanging dou n, the around; fo Diitcliefs, and her Train born up by a Baron- iiefs; and no Earl to waft with a Duke, with¬ out the Dukes plealure. itdrji#. _ AMarqnirsmayhaveaCiothofEifate,reach- ing within a yard of thegrolind, and that in all places out of the prefence of the King, or a Duke ; and his Marchionefs to have her Train horn by a Knights Wife; and no Vicount to walll withaMarquifs, butathis pleafiire. An Earl aifo may have a Cloth of Eftate w'itli- outl endants,^but only Fringe, and a Countefs may have her Tram born by a Gentlewoman.out of the prefenceofherSuperiours, and in their prefence by a Gentleman. rJmir, A Vicount may have a Cover of AlTay hoi- den under his Cup while he drinks, but no Allay taken, as Dukes, MarquefTes, and Earls may have, and may have a Travers in his ■ own I .oufe. And a Vicountefs may have iier Gowa orE'NG'L'A'ND.' Gown born up by a Woman out of the pre- fence of her Superiours, and in their prefence by CL Man. A Baron may alfo have the Cover of hi^s Cu p urn. • holden underneath,whilft he drinketh, and a Ba- ronnefs may have her Gown born up by-a Man m.. tlie prefence of a Yiconntefs. All Dukes eldeft Sons are born as Marquiflesi and the younger as Lords, their ChriSim Names, as Lord T^MHf, Lord ■ ^ AMarquifles eldeft Son is called Lord of a : Place, and the younger Sons, asLordTWW, ■ ^°AnEarlseldeil Son is born as a Vicount; and {hall go as a Vicount, and lliall have as ni^any Powdrings.asa Vicount; fo their younger =nns ■ are faid to be born as Barons, but {ball go a.,ter allBarons, and before all Baronets. ■ AnEarls'eldeftSon is called Lord of a place. andallhis Daughters Ladies; but bisyounged Sonshot'Lords. . ’ - , A Vicounts deleft Son .s no Lord, -nor h s - Daughters ladies; and ferefore the el^.t- Son, and the eldeft Daughter of hi ft Ji count of E»gUnd, is Did robe the fir ft Gent e- manand Gentlewoman without f^ f m £ o- hni. Yet a Vicounts elddt Sou is- -a-O to e- - born as a Baron. - Sf)6 f 3 I 0 > J Catalogue of the PEERS of England, accoriing to their Pre. cedence. Dukes of the BIood^RoyaL PVi af’ Commrffioner, and Lord High Admiral of the Kingdom of Scetimi, &c. the Kings only Brother. Thefe Great Ogcers followm^ in refpea ‘^f*heir Ogees take place before. aU not of the Blood-Royal: The Lord Treafurer. ^e Earl Marilialof beingaDiike bJg aSe ^yefpea of their Ogees, above all others tnJrof^''^^ ^ The Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Hon- Kote ef, E:N G'.L A N 0 . ji-fc Note alfo, That the Kings .diief Secretarjr of State being of the Degree of a Biron of Parliament, .(hall precede all Barons not having any of the OSces; and if he be a.Biiliop, ha fiiall precede, and take place of all other Bi- fiiops not having tliefakl Office. Duks (ifid Diitchejfes. HoKdri, Duke of^ Norfel^, Eark of dirundeh and Earl Marfhal of EnghnJ, &c. Charlei Sfjmom, Duke of Somerfet, and Mar- quifs of Hertford., &c. George Hillers, Duke of Buckjnghim, and Earl of.Cow»try, &c. Ch’iftofhir Moitck., Duke of Albemarle, and Earl of torringion, &c. fames Scot Fit^-Roj, Duke of Momouthfivd Earl of Doncafier, Sic. . B'enry Cavendif), Duke of Kerscaille, and Earl of Ogle, Sic. Barbara Dutchefs oF Cleavelatid, and Countefs of Southampton. lovifa de QueroviUe Dutchefs of ?ottfmoutI>, and Countefs of Farham. Charles Lenox Fitz-Iio^, Duke of Kichmond-., and Earl of March, Sic.. Charles Fiiz-l^oy, Duke of Southampton, and Earl of chefier, &c. ffenrp Fiiz-Foy, Duke o.F Grafton, and EarJ oFEuJlon, Sic. fames Botler- Dake of Ormond, and Earl of ttecknocl^ and OJforj, Lord Steward of the Kings Houffiold, iSc. Henry Somerfet Duke of Beaujort, and.iMar-- quifs of Wmejlir, &c. George. gitke George Fitz-m Duke oFmrthmnbetUni, and Baron of PontejraS,Sic. Charles Bemkir Duke of St. Mm, and Ear! or btirjord, &c. Marquejfes. chirks PiKlet, Marquifs of fVinckfier, Earl of mlijhire, and Lord St. &c. George Seville Marquifs of Belli fax, Baron „mlieof EUnd, &c. Lord Privy Seal. Earls and Coumcjfes. charks TMot Earl of Shrembury, and Lord Purmvil, &c. JmkonyGrey, Earl of and Baron Grey of Ruthin, &c. iviSiam !unity Earl of Derby, and Baron SlYi'figS,, OCC. and Baron Bar. Baron of Pembroke and Mont- - gOhicry, nn-.i &c« c;,Si* .nd B.r. jawer ■ ef ENGLAND. ^dmCedl, Earl of SdHikry, and Vifcount Cmnborn, &c. fohn Cecil, Earl of Exeief, and Bar. Btirgb- Icy, &c. foh» Edgetm, Bari of Bndgemter, and Vif- comtBmik}, Sic. Tbilif Sidnij, Earl of Idce/ler, and Vifcount: Liflf, &c. George Compton, Earl of Kortbmpton, and Bar. Compton, &c. Edmrd Rych, Earl of Wurwick, and ffdktid, and Bar. mlliiim Ciive>idi(l), Ear! of Devonjbire, and Bar. Cdvendip, Sic. Williim BkUing, Earl of Denbigh, and Vif¬ count Fkldieg, &c. folm Digby, Earl of Erifiol, and Bar. Dig- by, &c. Gilbert ffoiks, Earl of Chre, and Baron Houghton, &c Oliver St. fobs, EarloB Eo’hgbroob, and Bar. St. ^obx of B!etJbo,^c. chirks Fane, Earl of v/ejlmerhnd, and Bar.- le de Spencer and Burgherjh, &c. Charles Montague, Earl of Manchejkr, and Vifcount &c. Thoms. Horcard, Earl of Bsrh.fhire, and Vif¬ count Jndover, Sic. ^ohn Sheiffield, Earl of Mulgrave, and Bar. SkijfieU, &c. Them Sivige..ExX Rwers, and Vifcount' Colche/ler, Sic. Robert Bertie, Earl of Ihtdfey, and Baron- XVilioughby,Sic. Lord Great Chamberlain of Bg- knd. Henry jYordant, Earl of Feterbotoiigh,2.vABT[, Mordant of Turvey,Stc, 'Fhomtsi ^^4“ s:^e i&tatr 'Ihomas Grey, Earl of Stmfcti, and Baroa. Grey 0? Groby,Sic. ^ ’ Hineigt Finch, Earl of Wincheljey, and Vif- comt Maid/isn, See.. f berePkrpom, Earl of '^fgte uron ffuL . and VjfcountiVfwirt, &c. Ohdrles Dormer, Ear) of Cmndfven, and Vif- ■' count See, Philip smhope, Earl of chefierfeld. and Bar. • Stanhope, Sec. Thomm Tufton, Earl of Thmt, and Baton .> Won, Sec. Thomofweflon, Earl o? Portland, and Baton- &c.. william Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, and ViP ■' count Wentworth, Sec. Robert spencer, Earl of Sunderland, and Bar. - Spencer, Sec. Principal Secretary of State. l^bert 'Zea^i Earl of Scarfdale, and Baron Dam:ourt,Sic.. Edward Montague, EixMSandwich, andVif- count HincHnbroohe, Sec. Henry z/yde-, Earl of Ckrindow, and Vifeount Cornbury, Sec. - ■ . Algernon capel, Earl of Epc,- and Vifeount /^aJdon, &c. Albert Brtideiiel, Earl of Cardigan, and Bar. Prudenet, Sec. zSrthur..Anne[lpi Earl Of and-Bar. . adme/ly,Sc.. ffohnGreenvih, Earl of Bathi and Vifeount lanfdomn. Sec. parks-Howard; Earl.of , Vifeount ■ Morpeth, Sect- Wilham craven, Earl of craven, Vife. craven ■- Of Vffingm, Sec. Egbert Bruce, Fail cT ^Aksbury, and Eaton . -CWCfij OCCi-c. SlchariJ ofENGLAND. 33 J(iclijrd Boyle, Earl of -and Baron Hemy%)inet, Earlof ^r/wgMn, and Vifcotint Theiford, ike. Lord Chamberlain of the Kina,s Houlhold. , , , , j MthoKy-Cooptr, Earl of Shiftsbmy, and Bar. Herbert, Earl and Baron of Fowys, ^ Edmrd Henry Zee, Earl of Litchfield, and ^‘rhol^J'zeoniird, Earl of SuJ^x, and Baron '’m'm Earlof Feverfim, Vifeount ^°”chidesfferiird, Earlof Afi«cye#W>andVif- "";trEarlof^i«., Vifeount By. ■ mw.&c. Lord Prefident of the Kings CounciL n-iUim Pttfion, Earl o^nrmouth, Vifeount "'^Z!^erieUy,F.rlo?Be,l,eley, andVif-' count Durfiey, &c. Elizdeth Countefs of Shepey, Lady Dicres, ^'^hiniel Finch, Earl of Hottingbim, and Bar. finch of Diventry, &c. Lirmnci Hyde, Earl of Bochefet, Vifeount ^’^Pai^s B-.nie, Earl of Ahington, Baron Not- ’‘'^E^medN'oe!, -Ezi-Mejinshorongb, Vifeount ^‘‘TonZ’s^Hurcy, Earl of Holdemfs, and Bar. ZaarryandA/rM&e. , S'fje |0jeteti£ Thomts Windfor aliasEarl 'of Ply tiiomh, and Baron‘ Fkounts. Lekedeti’ Evstenx, Vlfcount Hereford. Pruncis Brown, Vifcount Montague. nWiam Piemes, Vifcount Say and Seal. rhmjsBeiitfyfe, Vifcount Faulconberg. Charki Mordant, Vifcount Mordant. Prancu Newport, Vifcount Thomae Thynne, Vifcount ueymomh. Horatio Townfend, Vifcount Tor Cbtijlopher Hatton, Vifcount Ha Bmns ani Baroncfes. 'George iSevil, Lord Abergavenny. Barnes Touchet, Lord AudleY. , Charles wefl. Lord de la Ware. Thomas Parker, Lord Morlej and Momeagle, Robert Shirley, Lord Ferrars. Charles Mildmay, Lord Fitz-Walier. JFenry Telverton, lord Grey. Frances Lady n’ard, Baronefs Dudley, &c. tfiliiam Stourton, Lord Stourton. Conyers Darcy, Lord Conyers. Benry Sandys,' Lord Sxniys. Here cromwel. Lord cromwel. S Eure, Lord Eure. Ill barton, Lord Wharton. Tho'masWillmghby, LordWiHoiighbyof Parham. IViViam Paget, Lord Paget. Francis Howard, Lord Howard of Effingham. Charles North, Lord North, and Lord Grey oPKoIlepn. ^ames tl ENGLAND. fmes Bruges, Lord ShiMs. Bgben Ca), Lord Hunjdou. sfohn Petre, Lord Pare. Dhk Genrdy Lord Gerard of Gerurds Bromley. HmyArmkl, loxdArimdelof mirdour,3nd The Lady mkriue 0 Baronefs Cliftoii, ^ Chrijlofher I^per, Lord Tedm. FulheGreville, LordEros^. I{dph Moumgue, Lord Momiigue of Bough- Ford Grey, Lord Grey of ^ohn Lovelace, Lord Lovtkce: fohn Paitlet, Lord Paulet. Widiam Maynard, Lord Maynard. ^ehn Coventry, Lord Coventry. Ulliam Momrd, Lord Moward of Ffcrici. Charles Mohttn, Lord Mohun. Henry Herbert, Lord Herbert oP cherbiiry. FhomasLeigb, LordLfgh oPStoneJy. Thomas fermyn, Lord Jerwja of Sr. Edmonds Bury. william Byron, toxAByron. Eichard Haughan, Lord Faughan. Irancit Smith, Lord Carrington, &c. William widdrington, Lord tt tddnngm. Edward Ward, Lord ward. Thomas Culpepper, Lord Culpepper, ficob APlky, Lord AEley. Charles Lucas, Lord Lucas. ^obn B^afyfe, Lord Bellafyfe^ Edward Waifon, Lord Eficiinghansi Bobert Suiton, Lor.i Lexinm. Marmaduke Langdale, Lord Langiale. ^olm Berkley, Lord Berkley of Stratton. Francis Hoiks, Lord Holies. Charles Cornwallis, Lord Conwauis. 317 3i8 G eorge Booth, Lord de lit Mere, nmns Crero, Lord Crew.. ^churdArmdel,. Lord Arundel of tretHe. 3^mes Butler,. Lord Butler of More-Part. Mughdifford, Lord Clifford of Cbudkigh. Kich^d Butkr, Lord Butler of ^’e(hn, &c. SiifanBellaf)fe, Baronefs Belldyfe of Ofsodby. Jiichard Imley, Lord Lumlej, &c. George Carteret, Lord Carteret. John Bennet. Lord O/uIftoti. George Legge, Lord Dartmouth: tnllum AlUngion, Lord ALmton.- l{alphstawe!i lord Sterne!. Ffanck North, Lord Guilford:, Lord Keeper of Che Great Seal. , ‘here are - at prefent One hundred fifty and Nine; where- Numhet. Dukes and Dutchefles-:- Marquifles-- ’ Earls arid CountelTes— Vifcounts —-67. Barons and BaronelTes-. Whereas within Bight years laft pa({, there was not one Duke, but one Marquifs, about Fort^y^Lordr^^’ and The Laws and Ctiffoms of England; (alWavs willing that Becorum and conveniency^fhorild be er^ry where Obferved.-and Confidering theChaiges and Expences appertaining to the ■ feveral Degrees of Honourfas. they-belong to Men of principle Service to the King and R^alm, both in time of War and PeL,) expeiled of ENGLAND. 3i expefted that each of them' fhosld have a convenient Eltate, and Value ot Lands of Inheritance, for the fupport of their Honours, and the Kings Service. Therefore antiently when the intrinfick Value of a Pound Ster- Ihg was Worth of our Money now , as appears by the then price ot all things, every Knight was to have about tight hundred Acres, reckoned at 2o I. .yearly m Land ; that is, about 600/. of our Money at this day. A Baron to have Thirteen Knights Fees, and one Third part, which amounted to about 267 1. which multiplyed by 30. was as much ai 8010 1. a year at this day. An Earl Twenty Knights Fees, a Duke Forty. And in cafe of decay of Nobility, or that they had fo far waited their Revenues, that their Honours could not decently be maintained , r as the Roman Senators Were m fuch cale removed from the Senate) fo foinetimes fome £'^slilh Barons have not been admitted to lit in the Fligher Houfe of rarlument, though they kept the Name and Title or Dignity But to prevent this wafting of Revenues, svhereof at prefent there are too many woful examples in the Sfamjh Kmg puts ji Curator or Guardian over any-Lord of Jpniw, that by prodigality is like fo towaftehis Eltate, as that his Honour and Title cannot be fuffici- *e^ better fupport of thefe Degrees of Honour, the King doth ufually upon the Crea¬ tion of a Duke, Marquifs, Earl, .or Vicount, grant an Annuity or yearly Rent, to them tnd their Heirs, which is fo annexed to the Dignity, that by no Grant, Affurance, or any 320 manner of Alienations can be given from the lame, but is ftill incident to, and a fupport of the fame Dignity; contrary to that Principle in Law, That every Lml of Fee-Simple may be oifor '’»« or To a Duke the King grants 40 /. hereto- fore a Confiderable Penfion; to a Marquifs 40 Marks, to an Earl 20 /. and to a Vicount 2o Marks. To Barons no fuch Penlions are ordinarily granted, only the late King ere- ating A/M/jc; Blount (the late Earl of M;n>- fort) Lord Montjoy of thurl^one, granted him a Fee of 20 Marks per Annum, to him and his Herrs for ever. As the King of En^Uni hath ever had the repute of thericheliin Domains of any King in Europe-, fo the Nobility of Englmi have been accounted the Kichett in Lands of any Neiglibouring Nation ; feme having above 20000/. yearly, others 15000/. and fo many of them above icooo /. that if one with ano¬ ther they have but 8000/. yearly, it will amount to in all amonglt the 159 Lords, above Twelve hundred 72 Thoufand Pounds a Year, about the Eleventh part of the Yearly Re- renue of all England, which upon Computa¬ tion IS found to be about Fourteen Millions Yearly. The Englijh Nobility for Valour, Wifdom, Integrity- and Honour, hath in all former Ages , been equal-to any in Chriltendom. Every Lords Houfe was a kind of well-difci- plined Court, infomuch that the Gentry, Males and Females, werewoift to be fent thither for - Virtuous Breeding, anti returned, excellently accomjiliKhed; •' of ENGLAND. SU At home, their Table, Attendance, Officers, Ixercires, Recreations, Garb, wasani'.onour to the Nation. Abroad they were attended with as brave, numerous, and uniform Train of Servants and Followers, as any in mope-, not thinking it confiftent with their Honours to be feen walk the Streets almoRinCuerfo withone Lacquey, or not that, much lefs to be found drinking in a Tavern, If fome of the Eitghp Nobility, by a long continued Peace, exceffive Luxury in Diet, want of Aftion, S’c. were before the late Wars, born more feeble in body than their Ancellors, and by too fine, and too full Diet, afterwards were rendred weaker in mind; and then during the late Troubles, by much Li- centioufnefs, and want of fit Education, vwre fo debauch’d, that it was lately difficult to find (as fome are bold to affirm) the Courage, Wif- dom. Integrity, Honour, Sobriety and Cour- tefie of the antient Nobility; yet it is not to be doubted, but that under a Warlike Enter" prifing Prince, all thofe Virtues of their Fore¬ fathers may fpringafrelh. chap: 322 Hfie ^tace CHAP. XIX. Of the Third State ^ or Commons of England, and tfjerein of Ba¬ ronets, [(nights, Efqaires, Gen¬ tlemen, Teamen, Citizens, Han- . dicrafts, 8{C. T h e Lmof Englini, contrary to the Law and Calfoms of other Countries, calieth none Noble under a Baron; fo that not only all Baronets, allfortsof Knights, all Efquiresand Gentlemen, butalfothe Sons of the Nobility, are by our Lam reckoned ainonglt the commons of LngUni-, and therefore .the Eldelf Sonof a Duke, though by the Courtefie of EnsUndMed an Earl, yet (hall be arraigned by the ftile of Eiq; only, and may be tryed by a Jury of com- mnFmhoIdtrs-, and inParliamentcan fit only w the ffoiife of Commons, if Elefled, till called py the Kings mil to the Lords Houfe. Yet doth it feem veryabfurd, that all Noblemens Sons, with all Knights, Efquires, and Gentlemen, ihould beelleemed P/eifMw, but rather, as in ^me, they were in a middle rank, inter Sent- tores 3 Pkkm ; or eire,as in other Chriflm ICino- doms, tliey (houkl be conlidered as Minor Noti- htas Mcgni ; So that as Barons, and all above may be filled, Notiles Majores, fo from a Baron down- ward to the Yeoman, ail may be not unfitly ibled, Nettles Minores. ^ The oE-EN'GLAND. 323 The Lower Nobility then of EagUni conffils of Baronets, Knights, Efuuires and Gentle- The next Degree to Barons are Baron;ts, Bitmets, which, is the lovvelt Degree of Honour that is Hereditary; They are Condituted in the room of the an'tient Vahifours, between the Barons of Etighnd, and' the Orders of Knights, An Honour firll inftituted by King fmes. Anno 1611- given by Patent to a Man, and his Heirs Males of his Body lawfully begotten ; for which,'each one is Obliged to pay in the Exchequer To much Money as will, for three Years at Eight pence per ikm, pay 30 foot Souldiers to feiye in the Province of Vlfl-er in hehni ; whidi Sum amounts to lops !■ which, ' with Fees, doth commonly arife ta 1200/. ... Baronets have precedence before,alljfnighfs, except Knights of the’Garter,' Knights who are Privy Counfcllers, and Knights Bannerets, mads under'tb-' Kings Banner or Stanclafd; difplayed in an ylrmy l{n}al in open War,-and the King perfonally'prefentj.'.or the Prince-of , IVjles. Prince .efesr/by particular mention had liberty to' create B.lnnerets, See Mr. Siidcns Titles of Honour. Barohets'ha-ve the Priviledge to bear in a Canton'of. theif'Goaf of Arms, or in a whole Scutcheon,'the Aims of W/?er, viz. In a EieWArgent i h'aTiX Guiks: Aifo in the Kings- Armies to have place in- tlie grofs near the Kings Standard-, with fome-particulars for tiieir ' Funerals. P The f jrfent The whole nnmbeF of Baronets In Engknd .are not to exceed;Two hundred at one;and.the ■fame time; after which number compleated, aa anyone for want of Heirs come to be extinS, the number ftall not be made up by new ■Creations, but.be fuffered to diminjfh; as.ap.- jpears by their Patent, ■ . . No Honour is ever to, be created between baronets and Barons, The firft Baronet that was created, was Sir NichaUs Bum of whofe SuccelTor is therefore ftiled Btiim Bomettmn Atigl'ix. A Lifi of oM the Baronets of Eng¬ land atow Livings according to their Seniority. S li tJichoUs Sam.' SkTbomu MmSel, SityohnStrddlkg. Sir yobn Pelbm. Sir Gilbert Hougbton. Sir yobe Mart. Sir yervafsCliffm. Sirthomof Gerard, Sir mhcr St. fobn. Sir yobnSbelliy. Sir yobiiBirriitgm. Sir BichardMufgrave. Sir Edward Seymour, Sit AntbsayCoie, Sit ffenrj Momfon. Sir George Grifelej. Sit Paul Tuc). Sir ^ohnCotm. Sir fobtiMllueux, Sir writHmEfivem, Sir wiUiamWdsdbouie, Sir yamts,mrtingwii. Sir Philip Tirwbit. : Sir Edward ffujjep Sir LeUrange Mordmia Sir Thomo! JSendiJh, Sir of ENGLAND. 3^5 Sir J^ichitd mrfeUy. Sir Edtmrd Sit EicbardFleitwdod. Siv fobitMill, Sir ihomis Spencer. Sit Frmk /{adcUjfe^ Roger Appkton. ShDividFivoIje. Sir cbirlesSidUy. Sir rkmns Philips. Sir l(pger Twifden. Sir Anthony cbefer. Sir EdmcxdHdes. Sir Smuel Ttyon. Sir mUim Monyns. Sir Adam iVewton,- Sir Thomm-Mldmay. , Sir Francit Gerard. Sir Mere Happier. -SirFfumpbreyLee. Sir ^cbardTemple. Sir 'R^chirdBerry. Sir Fairmedow Penipn. Sir Humphrey Fepr. Sir tt’iUiam Portman. Sir detiry Beifr^bant. Sir Miles Sands. Sir Thomas Comer. Si r iriWam G oSlwkb. Sir phn Packjnm. Sir itilliarnWray. Sir }(alphAP)m. Sir Hillim Ayloffe. Sir Thomas Egberts. Sir Marmadukewlvel. ' Sir Harmr. Sir John Penjhall. ■' Sir Henry Felton. Sir Francis Irgksf eld. Sic Edmard Frier. Sir Thomas £/«. Sir Thomas Bijliop. Sir Harbotle Grimpn. .Sir Francisrincent.- Sir Thomas Holt. Sir Benjamin Tichborn. SirEovolandEgerton, - SirJR}chardWTilbraham, Siri?»i()» Cto^. iSir Thomas Helves. Sir Fjngfmill Lucy. . ’ Sir Henry PaJmef. Sir Maihev) Boyraon, Sir ^obn Rivers, SicThomas Litleton. Sir Henry fernegan: Sir Thomas Burdet, Sir Thomas Hamel. Sir fohn Morton, . Sir I[aac Sidley, Sir Thomas Machvsortb. Sic Robert Brown, Sir George Filliers, Sir fohn Hewet. Sir WiSiam Hicks. Sir fohn Philips. Sir Henry Salisbury. Sir phn Stepney. Sir phn brydeu. Sir Baldwin Wake.' Sir WiViam Arrm. Sir Wiliiam Majham. Sir William Bambmgh, Sir phn Colebrand. P 2 Sir 326 i:l)0 jajjfent §)tat0 Sir ^ohn Hothm, SkAuhony iringfield. ' Sir Pt-rnii Manfel. Sir «iUum Culpepper. SnJohnGetrird. Sir Giles Bridges. Sit'Jil.hirdGuvenor. SkfohnPQtle. Sir mVim Kuttor, Si r Humphr) Styles, Sk Js'lm G.:ge. Sir-Getiry Moor- SkfViHurn Gorkg. SivTimus HexU Si-ypoH Norm. Sk fobuIjlum. Sir Th'i-ms Icvemhorp. Sir Henry Bigot.' Sir fohn DxreU Sir Sr.iJioV Maoc\. Skf.UUmWiHum. Sir todomk/i Dier. Sir Peter Prideaux. Sir NtighStupefy. SkThomxs B,ijler/gge, Sir EdwardStmley. SkTbomis Burton! Sir Edirard Littkm. Sk Edward Tates. Sk Adam Brown. Sir GeotgeChudliigh, Sir Sdckvil crow. Sk Wihkm Meredith. Sk Michael Zivefey. ' Sir Francis Vra^e, Sir Kkh.trd Fijher. SkiUtigh Aiidleion, Sir Henry Bowyer. Sir Gi^ord thornhurfl. Sir Buts Bacon. Sk Bohert Fijher. Sk fohn corhet. Sir Hardolph urfineys. Si r Francis Tirrel. Sir Thomas Harris. Sir mllum Stonehoufe. Si r Nicholas Tempejl. Skfohn Fenwkh., Sir EdwardBdr^ham. Sir Williarawray. Sir Lionel Plaiters. Skf- hn Trclawny. SkSohn njlofield. Sir Chrijlophcr Conyers. Sir Nenry Harper. Sir .'•/ ohn Belles. Sir Edward Seabright. Sir Thomas Ajion. Sir j ohn Beaumont. gw licnelme-fennour. Si r Edward Dtring. Sir '^ohn Price. Sir Ntdia-mBnreton. Sk ti i: ii.tin a ifernan. Sir ffiitim Rajfel. Sir Thomas Nighti gale. Sir fohn; pencer. \ Sir BobenDillingten. Sk Giles I jlcourt. Sk Seymour Vile. Sir Thomas style, Sir Courtney Pole. SkDrueddrury, Skfillliatif,Culpepper. , ef ENGLAND'. Sir ^ohn Liwmce. Sir fobn Nonhcot, Sir Amho<-.y Slingsby. Skjimus ms. Sir Thomas Viivafor. Sir lUlph Hare. Sir Charlesnlfety. Sir Norwich. Sir I(ice ^iti. Sir f:ha Eromkrvi S'n-Richard lVi[min. b\i foha'Brovsnktve Sir Henry Rerrers. Si r j ohn Sylenharn. Sir 'fohn Anderfon. 1 Sir Francis Aicholis. Sir Francis Riiffel. Sk J[icharil Everard. Sklhonijs POmel. Sir William ( iiclAtn. S\l l{ichir.i Graham. Sir Nicholas Lejlrange Sir F^chari Earl. Sir CharlesHavafor. Sir Martin Lurnley. Sir fiilliam Val/hn. SirGeorgr Fletcher, Sir Nicholas cole. Sir Simon Every. Sir William Lmgely Sir ’fames Stonehoiife. Sir J-obn PaUgrave. Sir Peter H.iymati. Sir Gerrard Napper, I Sir Thomas Sand ford. ■ Sir ihomaswhitmorc. Sir Francis Fbodis. S'lr fohnjsknly. Sir Robert Sprignell, Sir Tho’/nas Cave. Sir f ohn Potts. Sir HemyTelverion. Sir fahnGoeJerich.. Sir O'iverSoteler. Sir Robert Binloes. S’trThbmis Hatton. Sir Willkm Walter, ^ir Thomas Abdy, , Sir Francis Larxley: Sir coplefon Bampjield. Sir Wiliiam Farmer. Si r fobn Cotton. Sir fohn Davie. SirWillbttghbyD' Ewes. SirfohnPettm. Sir fohn Bmoyne. I Si r wil/km Andrew: - hirf ohn irtewx. 317 328 fjfje ^ate g,ii Thomaswillif. Sk Ed-wjrdwiddriH^oX) ^\x Frmit Armuage, Sk Koben Mar^ehm, sir l^chard Barford, Sir IhilipHungitt. sir f cAa Tuften. Sir Slephen leoisMd. SkEdwurdCo{e, ' SkwilliinXbmU, SkfohnRayney. SkmUtr HudJfoH. Skjohit Gell. Sk mher WrottJlej. sir ykcent Corbet. Sir Thoms Bland. Sk^obnWray. Sir Fpbert xbrockmotton.. SkThomasTroIop. SiXwilliam Halton. Sir Edmrd Thomas. Sir Brocket Spencer. ■Sir William Covrper. Sir Mdmrd Golding. Sk William St, ^ihtin, Skwi.liam Smith. Six Fsien l^mp, ' SkBenrj Berne, Six^ohnSttad. Six Walter Blount. Sir fohn Williams. ■ Sir Adam llttleton. Six George whtour, SkXhomasHaggerjlon. Sk^^ohn Sorlace. Six Thomas Liddle. Skifoha Hamilton. Sir Thomas cbamberlayne Sir Edward Morgan, Six Henry Bunlocb, SkNiXbolasE^meys, SkTkomas Badd, Sir Trevor Williams,- Sir Samuel Danvers. Six ^olngeresby. Sk Henry Anderfon. Sir William Moor. Six Henry ^ones. Sir cbrifiopherDamey. Sir EiwariWalgrave, Sir tf illiam Ingleshy, Sir John Fate. Sk Dennis Hampjon. Six fobn Bale. Six Thomas ft aHamfon, Sk Brian 0 Neal. \ SkWilliam Denny. Six Willoughby Hickminc Sir Richard Hardres. Sir John Botteler. Sk chrippher Lomber. Six Edward BathurS. Sk Thomas Aljlon. ik Edward ylBon. Sk Edward Corbet. ■, Sk John FteUon. Sir Edward Fajler. . Sir John web. Sir Matth, VaUkenburgh. Sir Tbomm Pre'^wich. Sir Philh conjlable. Sk Henry Williams, Sir Xdlpi! Blac^ffonc, Sir l{pben liorold. ef ENGL AND. 3 : 29 ; Sir fobn Scuimm. ' Sir Thmts Vdrcy\ Sir Rickri p'km. Sir GeorgeQrubhm im Sir nillim ym'.olfier. Sir Solomon Swale. SkWilliam deBoriel. SirWillm Humble. iicGebrge Carteret. slrGervafe Elwayes.- Sir — Windebincl^. ■' Sir Robert Cordell.' Sir Senjmin Wright. Sir 3-ohn Robinfon. Sit Edward Ckarlm.' • Sir Henry Stapleton.- Sir Richard H-’idn. ', Sir Robert BillM. Sir Evan Lloyd. Sir Jacob Afley. Sir Richard Browne. sir.wilUdttiBewyeri Sir Henry dsric. Sir rhoitias Simliy^ Sir Richard Eorfter. Sir $ehn Shu.ckboroigh • Sir Richard Fatifoaw. 'sir Chrifiopbertfray. Sir william Cmm. Sir Nicholas Stewart. ■ Sir Arthur Slingsby. Sir Geoige ll’arbmon. ■ Sir Thomas Of by. Sit Oliver St.John. Sir Thomas Bond, sir Ralyh Delaval. Sir Arthr 'Mmgvy Car- sir Andrew Henley. ■ (pentm sirn’illiamEllis.- Sir ^ohnEvelyn. sir fehnCoven., Sir GualterdeRaei. sir Petit Lear. Sir ^ehn Bridgeman. '• Sir Henry Hudfon. ■ Sir LewisPaltner. ' Sir Thomas Herbert. ■ Sir fames Latham. ■ Sir Thomas Middleml Sic Humphry winch. Sir Hernel Noel. Sir Robert Abdy. Sir George Bufwel. ■ Sir Thomas Draper. Sir fohn Ai fin. Sit Henry Wright. Sir ^hert Hales. Sir Jonathan K^te. sirwillum Boothhy. ■ Sir Hugh Spekp. Sir John Clark,. Sir wWum Adams. Sir William Thomas, ■ Sir Richard Atkjas. Sir Wol/lon Dixey. ■ Sir Thomas Allen. SirfohnBradefmortb.. Sir Henry Horih. Sir John Warner. Sir Henry wiftman. Sir Job Harvy. Sir Thomas citllitm. Sir Samuel MoreUniJ- P. 4, Sir-c 330 Sf)t ^tute Sh Thmis P.e-ayt, I Sir nillim Rt SirH'iIUm//o!imi>oil. I s'ir'ibomasSo Sir Uzil DixmeA. Sir fobn ml Sir lykhirdBrom. Sir Henry Hemon. Sir^ehnAmbrm. Sir Henry cenmy. SirTkmas Skier, Sir EdwnriGr^eni Sir John StiyeUy. Sir nillitm Rtifel. sir'1 bonus Soothhy. Sir John Culler. Sir Giles MotwU. Sir Henry Gilford. SirTlomsFoot. I Sir Thoms Menmring. Sir Levinas Bennet, Sir Johnnyolh. Sir Georgewynne. Sir Metcalf i^binfon. IsirHemgeFetherfione. Sir Marmduke Greflum.l Sir William Gardiner. SiririlliamDiidley. Sir Hugh Smithfon. Sir Linger Moftjn. Sir John Oldejield. Sir Peter Leicefler. Sir Charles Wheeler. Sir John Nevlon, Sir Thomas Zee. Sir Thomas Smith. Sir Ralph Apon. Sir John Rous. sir John Fagge. Sir Mattketo Herbert, sir Edward Ward. Sir Ralfb Alhton. Sir John ^t. Sir William IQIligretv, Sir John Bucl^i ■ Sir william Fran^and. Sir William Jtixon. . Sir John Legard. j Sir George Mdrwood. ’■ SkHen'i Maffingbeard. Sir John Jachson.. Sir John Hales. Sir Ralph Bavey. Sir John Kfiigh.ly, Sir John pra(e. Sir Oliver St. George. Sir John Bowyer. Sitwiiliamwilde. SirJofepbAjb. Sir Henry Pichering. Sir Henry Reddingfeild. Sir naltcrPlummer. Sir nil Ham Powell. Str Robert Newton. SirWillbrn RoRehy. ' ir'icholas Stoughton, Sir Rf chard Franklin, I Sir Benyan. IsirRi.h.iriLMe. I Sir GeorgeWutefren. of England: Sirfohi Colleton. Sir'fmis Moiylord. Sir Edward Smith. Sir ihomas Beimont, Sir Thoms Gifford, Sif-Thoms Clifton. Sirwillimwillfon. Sir Compton J{eud, Sir Brian Broughton, Sir Egbert S lings bp.- Sit ^ohn Crofts: Sir Ealph Farncy. Sir Robert Dicir. Si/fohnBromfeild. ■ Sir Thomas Ki. b, Sir Edward mi:h. Sir H alter long. Sir ^obn Fettip'.aee. SirWahtr Hendky: Sir trim,tin E.trfons,. Sir fohn Cambell. Sir william Mortice. Sir Charles Gawdcy.' Sir William caley. Sir Charles Boyley.- Sir William Goio'pbin. Sir 7 homes Cnrfor.. Sir Edmund t’omel. Sir^ohn CropU). Sir William Smith. SirGeotgecoff.^ Sir Charles Lhtd. Sir tlnhanik rowel. ' sir De.ray .•‘ffhii’nhara. Sir Hughsmith. ■ Sir Robert ^enkinforr. Sit mllkm Glynne. tir^ohn cbmochj . .Hr Robert Broo'^. Sir Thomas Mevil:' Sir Henry Andrews. • 'sir Anthony craven. Sir fames Claverhg.. Sir Henry Derham. ' it William Stanley. Sir Abraham Cullen. ■ • Sir folm pullout. Sir Godfrey Copley. - Sir Griff!hwilliams. Sir Henry rriiichcombt ■ SirClementClarihf. ■ ir Thomas Finer. . Sir George Finer. ' ir fohn Siliyard. '■ Sir fokn Guifr. Sir Reginald Fo-fter. ■ Sir Fhi ip Parser. Sir Edward Vuhy. sit .harks Hulley. Sir Edward Barlieham. - Sir 7homu Horton. ■ Sir fohn Dormer, sir Thomas Carew. dr^lhnUgdlty. -k Ft,H i Iff'. Sirr,ti!Um Luckjr.. SitThorm-Smhh. ■- 332 0)e ^tste sir EdmrdSdkr, SitwiEUmwindbm, Sir George Southcoie. Sir George treviim, SirFrmis Duncomb, Sir Nicholas Bacm. Sir Richard Coc^^. SirJohnCorjm. Sirjobi Lloyd, Sir Edward Moore. Sir Thomas Broby. Sir Miles Stapleton, Sir Bichard Braham. Sir fobn Wittenwrorg, Sir Philip Matthews. Sir Egbert Bernard. Sir Gilbert Loort, Sir Edward Gage. Sit Thomas Book, Sir^ohnSavile.. Sit Chrijiopher Wandsford^ Sir lidiardAfieky. __ Sir Jacob Gettard. Sir lidward Fuji. Sir John Long. Sir Eobert Came, Sir william Middleton. Sir Eirhard Graham. Sir 'ikomasTankjxd. Sir cuthbert Heron. SirFranciitremin, Sir Henry Pwefoy. Sh Thomas Cobb. Sir Henry Brook,. Sir Peter Finder, Sir Nicholas Slanting, Sir George E)ve, S ir Thomas Erogrm. Sir Thomas Sarnardi^on. Sir Samuel Batnardtjlon, 'Sir John Dawes. Sir John Holman, Sirnilliam Cook,. Sir John Bellot, Sir George Downing, Sirnilliam Gandey, Sir Charles Pymme. Sir William Doyly, Sir John Marjham. Sir Epbert Bamebam, Sir Francis leeky. Sir John St. Barbe, Sir James Penny man. Sir Thomas Muddiford. Sir George Selby. Sir Edmund Fortefc'ue, Sir SamuelTuke. Sir JohnTempejl,- Sir Littleton OsboJdifion, Sir Giles Tooker. Sir Stephen Anderfon. Sir Thomas Bateman. Sir Thomas Lorrain, Sir Thomas Wentworth. Sir Tbeophihes Biddolph, Sir William Green. Sir William Cooke. Sir Thomas Wejlenbolme. Sir John Jacob, Sir John Toman. Sir JohnPye. Sir Thomas Taylori ■ Sit william Leman. Sir Egbert Smiih. Sir ef'ENGLAN D: SifNicioJiscri^. SirJohnShm. Sit John Brom. ■ SitGmrgi R^mkn. Sit Robert Jocelyn. Sir ^bert Ducienfeli. Sit George Lmfon, Sit Peter Tirell. Sit rmcit Bordet, Sir George More, Sit Abel Bttrkjt.- SirWiUUmOgUnder. SirWillUmTemple, Sit William Smn, SifMthonySbitley.. Sir Peter Glean. \ Sit John nelthotf. Sh lipbert Finer. Sir7homasTm[den. Sir Anihony Auger. Sit John Doyly. SirPimriHoby, Sir Thomas Putt. SirJohnTiril. Sir Gilbert Gerrati. Sir Robert Teoraans. ■ Sit Carre Scroop. Sir Peur Fortefcuf. Sir Rkhard Betiejon. Sir Algernoon Peyton. Sir Mger Martin. Sir John Hanhm. '. SirFranciiTop. Sir william Langhorne. Sir Edward Moiiyn. Sir George Smehoufe. . Sir Pulwar Siipwilh..' Sir John Sabin. Sit Philip Carteret.-. Sitniiliam Chahor,' Sir Herbert Croft. Sir John Seintawbin.! SirEdward Nevil. SirMbert Eden. Sir John Werden.. SirFrancuirarre. Sir Orlando Btidgeman.-!. Sir Arthur GarrU.' Sir Francis windbua.'. SirwMimBlacket. - SkJohnThomfon.:. Sirthomis Alkn. • Sir NdlfwellTynte.-. SirRoberfParker.. sir John Sherard. ■ sir Phi'ip Carteret, sir John Osborne.-. Sit'walterClatgis.'. Sir Thornii Wsiliams.-. Sir Rpb’.rtFilmer. Sir Edward NeveU_ .Sir Cornelias Martins’ (Trornpi Sir piclurdTulpe.- Sir Thomas Samvdl. ■ Sir chides Rich. . SirBenjamia Maddox,.-. Sir William Barker. ■ Sir .Rkh trd Dead. ■ Sir Brunet Gos(;)ns. . Sir Richard Standijh.-. Sir -Alexander P^obertfotu Sit Thomas Dyk; -. ■ Sir ^Robert Cotton, • .=-U 2E1;« p.jrfetit ^teti Stf FrMcit Willoughby. Sit Richiti Newiigits^ Sir Michri Cufi. Sif Vnncit /htdertoiu Sir Jams Symm. ■ Sir Jams Pook, SirCmgenlurton. SirMugh Acljati. SirFtJttcif Eiviads. Sir IgMtmFim. Sir Hemy Qxhden, Sir Janes Mew)er. Sir :raher Curie. Sir J(dlph Duttotti Sir ivitiim Dyer. Sir Jopis chilli.. Sir Thomis Shipnith. Sirwaur mwhjjwonh. Sir Jeremy Snow. SkniHimlij-srki. Sir Samuel Marrom Sir Roger SraJJhaigb, Sir William Stapleton. Sir Thornas Pope Blunu. Sir George Walter. Sir Gelebtand Sas fan- ■ {Soph.. Sir John Rolens. Sir Roger-Beckyeith. Sir Thomas I’arkJnSi Sir Thomas Siinbmy.. Sir High Parlier.. Sir IJmry Seymour.. Sir George Jeffreys.. Sir Robert Davcrs. Sir Crane James. Sir Corneiks Carts. SinitomasThorr.iH. Sir Edward Eveline-. Total of Baronets-,-870. Whereof Extindt-d-140. Living--—^30. Hfnighs. '^e word Kgrigit is-derived from.the G.err ma'd word IQiecht, fgnifying originally a Ztifly Servitor. The Germ.m (as the antient Romans gave their young Men Togam f'iiilem) by publick Authority bettowed on their young Men able to manage Asms, a Shield and a Javelin, as fit for Marti,il Service, and to be a Member of the Common-wealth ,. accounted before but a part of a Family; anil fuch a young Man publickly allowed, they called Ifnecht ; whence we had oar Inititution.of Kniglitp liooil. of ENGLAND; The thing Knight is at this day fignified _i^ Xitke, French, SpnnipyJiAlhn, artdalfom %» and loro Vuich Tongues, by a word that pro-, perly fignifies a BwjemM, becaufe they were wont tofervein WaronHtrfeback, andwere- fometimesin called B^tnhnyts, Siding Serviiort, yet our Common-Law Inks- them Milhcs, Souldiers-, becaure they commonly held Lands in Knights Service, to fcrve the King in his Wars as Soldiers. The Honour of knighthood is commonly given for fome perfonal defert, and therefore dies with the.Perfon detrv-ing,. and defcends not to his fon. 3 - 3 $ In FngUnd there are feveral forts of Knights, iQjights ■ whereof the cbiefeft are thofe of the Older of Me of St. George, commonly called Jiji/jte of tkedrur,, - ThisOrder is-elleemed the mod Honourabki and moll Aptientof any now in ufe in Chriffcn- dom. It began, as appears in the Statutes' of tieth Year of the Warlike and Puiffant King Sdmrd the Third, who Triumphed feveral times over France and Scotland-, who held Prir foners at one time in England, King fohn of France, and King. Bavid of Scotland ; who by his Son Edward the Blach, Pr'mci, expulfed the Rebels of Caftiie, and Inthroned Don Teta- their lawful King. Ke that did thefe mighty and glorious Exploits, was the Founder of this Moji Noble Order of the Garter, and at Firll made choice of the raoft IliulirimisPerfons of Europe to be.of that Epjal Society, (no doubt) upon a Martial, and r.otuponany fucli Amorous account, as a Garter failing from a Ladies Leg ', which ridiculous Story, to.thediflionourof the Order, Mft fjeftint ■ Order, was firll fancied by Poljdart Firgil j and iince, upon his credit, .taken up fay many late. Authors. It was ffnce commonly called Tk Order of the Garter, becaufe this only part of the whole Habit of the Order was made choice of at firit, to be conftantly worn, and that to put in mind the Companions of the Order, that as by this Order they were joyned in a firm League of ylmhy mi Concord, fo by their Garter zs by a fall tye of affedtion, they were obliged to love one another. Now lelt this Drift Combination might feem to have had any other aim or end,, bat what was Honourable and Juft, M ebvi- aniam maUm ihterpretationem, f as the antient Records of trwd/oi'fpeak) the Paid King com¬ manded that Mono or Imprefs to be wrought on the Garter, viz. .Bom foH qui mal y penfi. The reafon why this Motto was put in French, was. brcaufe then the King of England being poftelTedof agreatportoffrisice, not only our Laws, Pleadings, and Sermons were iriFreitch, but that was the ordinary Language in the:: Court of England. It appears by antient Writings, that this Bonourable Company is z colkdge or Corporation, . having a Great Seal belonging to it, and confid¬ ing of a Sovere'gn Guardian, (which is always the King of Engl and) znA of Twenty five Compani¬ ons, called Kffiyhts of the Garter-, of Fourteen Secular Cano-ns, that are Friejls -, of Thirteen ytears, whoarealfo Pr/V/?r; of Twenty fix Poor ■ Knig’its , who have no other maintenance but ■ the allowance of this Colledge, which is given theminrefpsft of their Vrayers, to the Honour of God and St. George,v/ho is the Patron of Eng- - land, and of this Order in particular; and none of thofe Fabulous St, Grorgwas fome have vainly fancied, fif E N G L A N D. Si'? fancied-, but that famous Saint and Souldier of Cbri", St Giotgeo^Cappidocia; A Saint fo uni- verfally received in all partsof Ciri&Kiiwn, fo- aenerally attend by the Ecclefiaftical Writers of all Ages, from the time of bis Muriyrdom till this day, that .no one Saint in all the Cutoto (except thofe attelled by Scriptured is better. There be .alfo certain Officers belonging to thisOfifice-, as the Pretoe of the Gawer, which Office is fetled on the dijlioprkli of mnchjfter ; A chancellor of lie Garter, which Office did anti- ently belong to the Bifliopsof SalUburj, and is now by His .Majellies favour re-annexed to that See; A Sewfer, who of later times hath been conftantly the Dean of Windsor, though antient- Iv it was otherwife. The Pripcipal King at Arms called Garter, whofe chief Funftion is to ma- naaeand marlhal their Solemnities at their In- flaliationsand Fealls. Lafily, theUflier of the ^Ther’e are alfo certain Orders and Conflitu- tions belonging to theSociety, touching the So- ■ lemnities in making thefe Knights, their Duties after Creation, and their high Priviledges, too long for this place. _ The Oolledge is feated in the Caflle of ittnd- for, with the Chappel of St. George, there erea- ed by King Edward the Third, and the Chapter- Hoiife. . ^ , The Order of the Garter is wont to. be be¬ llowed upon the mod excellent and renowned Perfons for Honour ani Virtue,, and with it a Eletv Garter deckt with Gold, Tearl, and Precim Stones, and a Buckle of Gold, to be vvorn daily on the left Leg ; alfo at High Fealls they a re to wear a Surcoat, a Mantle, a high Blacirelvet cap, a Collarof pure Gold, compofed of Roles ena- ’3’5^‘ ' s:|e State* nrelled Red, within a Garter enamelled Blew, with the ufual Motto in Letters of Gold ; and ' Between each of thefe Garters, a Knot with TelTelsof Gold, togetherwittotherllatelyand and magnificent AppareL' They are not to be feen abroad-' without their Garter upon the left ‘Leg, upon pain- of paying Two Crowns to any. Officer of the' Order, who lliallfifft claim if; only in taking a Journey, a Blew Ribbon under the Boot dotl) fuffice,.. Upon the left Shoulder, upon a Cloak, Coat, or Hiding CalTdck, in all places of Aflembly, when they wear not their Robes, they are to ivear an Efcutcheon-of tlieArms of St. George^ that is, a Crofs mb a Gmer, and this by art Order made Jpril 1626. That Ornament and Embellifliment about the faid 'Efcutche- on no'.v worn, and called ThtSur or ratlier.- The Sun in its Glot} , was at the fame time enjoyned. The greateft Monarchs of Cbri/iendmn hate beenenrolied, and have taken it for an-honour to be of this Order. There have been of this Order iihce the In- fiitution, Ei^hj Emperom, Seven and twenty,- or Eight and twenty fwegM befidesnia- - ,ny Sovereign Primes, &c., -Note, That none can be of this molt Hmo'm- ruble Order, that liave been convicted of Heree fit, of 'ireii'sK, or of contrdife. - The Bf ENGLAND. 339 The Fellows and Companions of the Mofi Noble Order of St. George, are at prefent theje that follow, ranked according as they are feat, ed in their . feveral Stalk at Windfor. I N the firft Stall on the Right Hand is the Sovitcm of the Order, King CBA^IES the Second, who is Patron, and foie Djfpofer'. of the Order. in the other, Stalls on the Sovereign’s fide, are thus placed thele that follow: 2. Chtifm the Fifth, King of Demark.: 3. Prince of Omgi. 4. Prince EliHor Palatine. 5. Duke of Ormni. 6. Earl of Oxford. 7. Duke of Monmmhi 8. Duke of Bemfott. 9. Earl of Arlington. 10. -Earl of Muigrive. ,11. Earl of Dmb). ■ 12. Dukeof ilictoui-. 13. Duke of Sonierfet. On the other fide, oppofite to thefe. afore- lined/arc placed in this Order thefe that 340 1. Cto/Mth? Eleventh, Kiag of Swedtm 2. Duke of 3. Eleflorof Brandenburg, ■4. Prince of Venmari. 5. Duke of Buckingham, i. Earl of Strafford, 7. Duke of Ahemark. 8. Earl of Bedford. 9. Duke of Southampton, 10 . Jboks of Nexocafik. . 11. Duke of Grafton. 12. Duke Hamilteti. 13. Duke of NorthumbirUnd. note.^ That antiently Kings and Iiiinc« were placea according to their Creations, but now thofe only are placed according to their Degrees*. , The.whole number of Fellows Of this Order 15 not to exceed Twenty fe. Banncrett, In the next place Ste Blights Brnmets,. Eiuites rexiihferi, antientlyan high Honour, now obfolete, there being at this time none of this Order in Enpand; Thefe may bear their Arms with Snpportersj and none under this D^rre. JQiights Ksnghtstf iheBath, fo called of their »fthe ^ed before they were created. The firil of this Both. lott were made by Henry the Fourth, Anno 1305; They are nowcommoiily made at the Goronh- tionof a King or Queen, or Creation of a Prince of Wales. They were a Scarlet Ribbond Belt- wife. They are ftill made with much Ceremo¬ ny, toolong hereto bedeferibed., Other cf ENGLAND. 34 *- Other Knights called Equites Aumi, from the Guilt Spurs uFually put upon them and SiJtrte/cH. ll«i^hts Bitcklors, Quufi S.u Chmilkts, Knights of low degree. So Batchelors in Arts or Di¬ vinity, ‘juafi Low Knights or Servitors in Arts. Thefe were antiently made by'girding with a Sword and Gilt Spurs, and was beRowed only upon Sword-men for their Military Service, and was reputed an excellent and glorious Degree, and a Noble reward for courageous Perfons; but of late being made more common, and beftowed upon Gown-men ; contrary to the nature of the thing, (as Degrees in the Uni- verfity are fometimes beftowed upon Sword- men ) it is become of much lefs -reputation i yet amongft Gown-men it is given only to Lawyers and PhyCtians, and not -to Divines, who may as well become that Dignity, -and te Sphiml ^giwas well as Spiritual lords. Thefe ate now made with no other Gerefflo- ny hut kneeling down, the Kingwith a-drawn Sword, lightly toucheth them on the Shoulder; after which, heretofore the King faid m Freuch, Soil Cbeoalist au mm de Dhu, and then Mvame Chevalier. W-hena-Knightis tofufferdeath for any foul Crime, his Military Girdle is firftto he ongirt, his Sword taken away, his Spurscutoff with an Hatchet, his Gauntlet pluckt off, and his Coat of Arms reverfed. Next among the lower Nobility are inquires', quires, .fo called from the French word Efeupm, Scumeti, becaufe they were wont to bear be¬ fore the Prince in War, or before the better fort of Nobility a Shield, or elfe perhaps, becaufe they bear a Coat of Arms as Enfigns 342' £!;e pjcftnt of their defcentj and by our Lawyers are called JrmigerL Of this Title are Srfi all Vicounts eldeli Sons, and all Vicounts and Barons younger Sons; and by the Common Law of Engkr.i, all the Sons ot Earls, Marquife and Dukes, are Efquires and no more. Next are the Ef- quires of the Kings Body, mentioned among the- OlEcers of the Kings Court; 'after thefe are reckoned the eldeli Sons of 3'ounger Sons of Barons, and of all Noblemen of higher degree; then Knights eldeli Sons, and their elder Sons for ever. Next, Efqtiires created by the King, by putting about their Necks a Collar of SS’s, and bellowing on them a pair of Silver Spurs. I.alily, divers that are in Superiour, publick Office for King or State, are reputed Efquires, orequal to Hfquires, a^ .Sergeants of the.feveral Offices in the Kings' Court, and other Officers of Rankand'CJualitjq fo Julikes of the Peace, Mayors of'Tovvns>’ fo Councellors at Law, Batchelors of Divinity . lawor Phylick, although none of them really are ib. ■' The Knights and Efquires of this Nation, for Valour and Courage for Wifdom, good, Hofpitality, Literature, acd other Gentile- Qualities, might compare witlj^any Kingdom in Chriliendoms nor might'any julily fay here, as a grave 'Writer did te thofe of bur Neighbour Country, Ai fm bsni ^lulnres, frohi Chmurii, Scortitores immbi, Potattres jhetiui, Frofufores arnkcis, DecoHores & Corh- fhttores xrit alkni, scnbk Gullica der,i{m or- r-iti, vix qiiifjm vos credet-Eyiiiies vd ^r- migms,. la: 343 OE ENG LAND, " . In the laft place, among the lower Nobility are accounted the Gentry of Er.gUni, that have no other Title, but are defcended of antient Families, that have always born a Coat of Arms. , ■ This kind of Honour is derived from the Gfcowar to the rell of Chif/endr.m-, and was never known in any Country where’ the Get- WMCulioms were unknown, as in wjr/«. and Amtia. The Gem.ms anciently, oft warring among themf Ivcs , painted thdr Scutcheons with the^Pidure of fome Beall, Bird, or other thing for diliinflion, and put fomeeminent and vifible Markunon the Crells of their Helmets; and this Ornament both of Arms and Crell, defcended by the inheri¬ tance of their Children, to th.e eldell pure, and to the rell, with fome note of dillinSion, fucli as the Old Mailer of Ceremonies; in High Dutch HereiH, now Bet Ad., thought. ' Gentlemen well defcended and well qualifled, havealways been offuch repute in that • none of th= higher Nobility, no ror the King .himfelf, have tlitught it unfitting to make them fometimes their Companions. The Title of Genthman in Englmd, (asof Cavalier in' France , Italy , and Spain) is not difdained by any Noblem.in. All Noblemen are Gentlemen,' though all Gentlemen are not Nobleriicn. . • The State of Gentry was antientlv fuch, that it was .icc.minted an alwfing-of Gentry, to put their =ons to get their Living by Shop¬ keeping , and our Law did accoimt it difpa- ragement of a-’Ward in Chivalry, to be mar- ried to a Shop-keepers Daughter, or to any meer Citizen ; for Tradefmen in all Ages and Nationshavebeen reputed Ignoble, in regard of the doublcnefs-of their Tongue, without which they-hardly grow rich, (f6r Niiil ira- pctuntnf jdModmmmmmur, as TbAV obfetves• Z Ecclef:26.29. ^Afer- ■rtet hardly i:ejt hirafelf from dom wromr , 4*^ 4» ^uci/dor (hall m k freed from (if:) and therefore among the Thebans, no Man was admitted to places of-Honour and Truti', unlefs he had lefc.ofF Trading Ten years be¬ fore. So by the Imperial laws, a Tradef- man is not capable of any Honourable Eliate, nor to be a Commander over Souldiers; and therefore the Englijh Nobility and Gentry till within late years, judged it a Itain and diminution to the Honour and Dignity of their Families, to feek their Childrens fupport by Shop-keeping, but only fas in all great Mon¬ archies) by Military, Court, State, or Church Impioyments,, much, lefs to fubjedi their Chil¬ dren to an Apprentifage, a perfedt Servitude; for during that- time, whatever they gain by their Mailers Trade, or their own Wit, be- loigs all to their Mailer; neither can they lie out of their Mailers Houle, nor take a Wife, nor Trade of their own. but fubjedl toallHoulhold Work, all Commands of their Malfer, undergo what punilhment, and eat Md wear what their Mailer pleafeth; which Marks of Slavery conffdered,. Heralds are. of pinion, that a Gentleman thereby lofeth his Gentility for ever, till he can otherwife re¬ cover it; and yet, to the fiiarae of our Na¬ tion, we have feen of late not only the Sons Baronetsj Knights and Gentlemen, fitting in - of EMGL ANTD. Shops, and fometimes of pedling Trades, far more fit for Woman and their Daughters, but alfoanEarlof this Kingdom fubjedling his Son to an Apprentifage and Trade; but the folly of the EnUiJh in fwerving from their Ancelfors herein, (as in other things) is now apparent, ibf thofeyoung Gentlemen poflelfingmore no¬ ble and active Spirits, could not brook fuch dull flavilb. livesand being thereby unfitted for other iraployments, have generally taken', ill debauched courfes. The true Nobility and Gentry have H! all times made it their main aim to endow iheir Sons with fuch Accomplifhments, efpe- cially asraight render themcapable to defend their Country in time of War, and to govern it in time of Peace; for which two things, all Gentlemen feem to be Born, and there¬ fore their chief Studies have ever been that of the Great Emperour , and fhould be of all Princes and Nobles, viz. Dmi leoes & fotif Amt qutm opiiine callers ; To be Excellently skill’d in the Art of W A R ..abroad, and in-the Laws of the Land at home. FRIVh PRIVILEDGES ' Of the Lower NOBlLITT. T H E lower Nobility of Enghni have Fewer and lefs Priviledges than .thofe in other Monarchies. Some few Priviledges belong to Knights, qwieti'M Knights. If a Knights be a Mmr, yet ihall he be out of Wardihip boih for Lands, Body and Marriage; for though the-Laro doth Judge him not able to do Knights Service till the age of Twenty One Years, yet the King being Sovereign and Supreme Judge of Chi¬ valry, by Dubbing him Knight, 'doth there¬ by allow him to be able to do him Knights Service. Knights are excufed from attendance at, Court-Leets. . Knights by Chm, Cap. 21. are.fo freed, that no Demefn Cart of theirs'may be taken. , The Son and Brotherof a Knight by Statute Law, are capacitated to hold more than one Benefice for the Cure of Souls. By the Suit. Vrimo jacohi, it feems that Knights and their Sons (though they cannot fpend 10 /. per Anmim, nor are worth 200I.) may keepGreyhoun ’s, Setting-Dogs, or Nets, to take Pheafantsor Partridges. Some Priviledges alfo belong to Gentle¬ men. Antiently if an Ignoble Perfon did ftrike a Gentleman in England, he was to lofe his hand. tif ENGLAND. 347 A Gentleman by Stat. ^int. Eliz- may not be compelled to ferve in Husbandry. The Child of a Gentleman brought up to Sing, cannot be taken without the Parents and Friends confent to ferve in the King s Chappel, as others may. The Horfeof a Gentleman niaytiot be taken to ride Poll. mte, That as there are fome Great Officers of the Crown, who for their Dignity and Worth of their Places, although they are not Noblemen, yet take place amongit the high- ell of the Higher Nobility; fo there are fome Perfons, who for their Dignities in the Church, Degrees in the Univerfity, Offices in the State or Army, although they are nei¬ ther Knights nor Gentlemen Born, yet take place amongllthem, fo all Deans, Archdea¬ cons, Chancellors, Prebends, Dodtors of Di¬ vinity, Law, Phylick and Mulick, Heads of Houfes in the Univerfities, ufually take place next to Knights, and before ordinary Efquires and Gentlemen. Yet in other Chrillian Countries wTierethe Civil Law hath its due Credit in fuch Adis as concern Learning, a Dodlor of Law hath pre¬ cedence ofa Knight: asalfbatCourtinForeign parts, thofe Dodlors that wait on the Prince, precede the Knights who are Servants to the Prince ; but otherwife Knights ufually take place of Dodlors. iikewife all Judges t>f Courts, Jullices of the Peace. All Commiffionated Officers in. the Army, as Colonels, Mailer of Artillery, Quarter- Malter-Generaljtff. Q. A1 348 All higher Officers in the Kings- Court- or State. All Sergeants at Law, &c. Thefeare wpnt to precede Efquires. All Batchelors of Divinity, LawandPhylick, all Dodtors in Arts, commonly called Matters of Arts, all Barretters in the Inns of Court, all Captains,- and other Military Officers who have the Kings Commiffions, divers other Officers in the Kings Houlhold, Cc. may equal, if not pre¬ cede Gentlemen that have none of thefe Quali¬ fications. _ InErgUnd, Gentry (zslaGemmy all Nobi¬ lity) and Arms are held in GAvell^iad, defcend- ing to all the Sons alike, only the eldett Son beareth Arms without difference, which the younger may not. Of the lower Nobility in the num¬ ber is fo great, that there are reckoned at prefent above 500 Baronets, more than the firtt intended number; that is, in all, above 700. who are poffett, one with another, of about 1200/. a year in Lands. Of Knights, above 1400. who one.with another, -may have about 800 /. Lands a year. Of Efquires and Gentlemen, above 6000, each one poffelt o.ne with another, of about 400/. a year in Lands# .befides younger Brothers, whofe number may amount to about 16000 in all England , who have fmallEllates in Land, but are commonly bredupto Divinity, law, Phylick, to Court, and Military Imployrr.ents, but of late too many of them to Shop-keeping. The Land in the poffeffion of the lower Nobility, will amount to about Four Millions and fixty thoufand pounds yearly. Next 8f: EN;GXAND. ,Next to the lower Nobility, andthefirft ■ degree of the Commons or Plebeians, are the Freeholders in EvgUni, commonly called Yeo- inen, from the JHigb Dutch, Gemen, or 6 enm, in Evglijh Common-, fo in the Kings Court it lignifieth an Officer, which is in a middle place between a Sergeant and a Groom, or elfe from the Zero Dutch, Teimm, Some body, as the mris call a Gentleman Hidalgo, Hijo d’aJgO j, that is, The Son of [ome body i but they have no other word to exprefs Yeoman than lahudsr £ Zaboursr, The Yeomanry of England having Lands of their own, to a good value, and living upon Husbandry, are lookt upon as not apt to com¬ mit, oromitany thing that may endanger, their Edates and Credits, not a pt to' be corrupted or fubprned, CJc. Wherefore they are judged fit to bear fpme Offices,, asof Conllable, Ghurcli- warden, to ferve upon Juries, to be'Train-SoK diets, to vote in the Eleclion of Knights of the Shireof:Pariiament,cltc. ; .. In Cafes arid Caufes, the LawofjE^^tedhatl! conceived, a better opinion of the Yeomanry thafcoccupy .Lands, than of Tradefmen, Artifi- eers,, or Labourers. • Husbandry hath in no Age rendred a Gen¬ tleman ignoble, nor uncapable of places of Honour. Amongfi: the Itomam, fome of the greatelt Diftators and Confuls, had been once Husband- ynen, and fome of them taken from ploughing their Ground, to bear tho.ffihigheftOfficesand iDignitiesj as Chcmatut, one of the Ca¬ to’s, and many others; fo divers Princes, Kings and Emperours, have exercifed Agriculture; and the Grand Scipio, and the Emperour Z?io* 0.2 clef an, |[:{|ep?erent ^tate tltftft, left their Commands to enjoy Husbaa- ■dry. ■ ' . By the Statutes of EfigUni, certain Immuni¬ ties are given to Freeholders and Land-me^, though they are not Gentlemen, yik Stk, I Jacobi, cap. 27- C? a//W. Of the Freeholders in Etigkni, there are more in number, and richer, than in any Coun¬ try of the like extent in Europe, 40 or 50 1. a year apiece is very ordinary, too and 2001. a year in feme Counties, is not rare, fometimes inlCMtiooo/. and 1500/. Befides thefe Freeholders, (which are fo called, becanfe they hold Lands or Tenements inheritable by a perpetual Right to them and their Heirs for ever) there are in EnglMd a very great number of Copyholders, who hold lands within fome Manners only by Copy of Court-Roll of the faid Manner, Cfc. and have, perpetuum, utile Somimm, though not Medium & iiteSum Dominium, which Freeholders may improperly be faid to have, for properly none in England but the King hath. Amongtl the Oimmons of-Er^lani, in the next.place are reckoned Tradefmen, among whom, Merchants of Foreign Traffick, have, for theirgreat'benefitto the publick, and for their greatendowments, and getaerous living, been of bed repute in England ; and although the law.of look upon Tradelmen and Chapmen, that live by buying and fel¬ ling , as a bafer fort of people, and that a ■Ward within Age, may bring his Aflion of Difparsgement againli his Guardian, for of¬ fering any fuch in Marriage; yet in England as. well as Mp, to becohib a Merchant of Foreign 8f ENGLAND. 3S Foreign Commerce, without ferving any Ap- prentifage,hath been allowed nodifparagement - to a Gentleman bom, efpecially to a .younger Brother.. Amongft Tradermen; iii the next place are- ■Whole-fale-men,'then Retailers; Mly, Me- chanicks, or Handicraftfineni. Thefe are all capable of bearing fome fway orOlEceinCities and Towns Corporate. The lowell Member, the Feet of the Body Folitick, are the Day-labourers; who, by their large Wages given them, and the cheapnefsof all neceflaries, enjoy better Dwellings, Diet, and Apparel in than the Husbandmen do iiimany other Countries,- JJheftks and Privileges. A S the CTergy and Nobility have certain. Priviledges peculiar to themfelves, fo they have Liberties and Properties common to ■ the Commonalty of ErgUnL The Commons of Eughni for Hereditary S^mdamental Liberties and Properties, are bleli aWe and beyond the Subjeits of any Monarch, - er State in the World. Firlt, No Freeman of nn^hni ought to be- Imprifoned, or otherwife reltrained, without. eaufe fliewn, for which,by Law, he ought to-, be-fo Imprifoned. (hi Secondly’', •. 35* Secondly, To him that is Imprifoned, may not be denied a- Writ of mbens Coffin, if it be delired. Thirdly, If no canfe of Imprifondient be alledged, and the fame be returned upon an fftibeas Cotfm, then the Prifoner ought to be fee at Liberty. Fourthly, No Souldiers can be Quartered intheHoufeof any Freeman, in time of Peace, without his Willj though they pay for thsSi? Quarters. ■ ' - Fifthly, Every Freeman hath fuch a full and abfolute propriety in his Goods, that no. Taxes, Loans, or Behevorences, ordinarily and legally can be impofed upon them, with¬ out their Own confent,, by their -Reprefenta- tives in Parliament.. Moreover,'. They have fuch an abfolute Power, that they can difpofe- .of all they have, how they pleafe, even from their own Ghildrenj and to them,, in what in¬ equality they will,, without (hewing any caufe ; which other Nations, governed by the Ciril- Law,.cannot do. Sixthly,.No £)j.'i/l>Man can be Prelb, or compelled (unlefs bound by his Tenure) to march forth of his Country,, to fen’e as'a foulflier in the Wars, except in cafe of a Foreign Enemy invading, or a Rebellion at home. Nor may he be fent out of the Realm againR his Will, upon any Foreign employ¬ ment, byway of an honourable bauHhment. f eventhly,. 61 ENGLAND. 3S3 Serenthly, No Preeraan can be tryed byt by his Peers, nor condemned, buE by the Laws of the Land, or by an Aflof Parliament. Eightly; No Freeman may be Fined for any' Crime, but according to the merit of the of¬ fence, zlv/iys Sdivojihicontenementofiio, infuch manner, that he may continue, and go on in ■ bis Calling; Briefly, If it be confidered only, that or¬ dinarily they are fubjeftto no T.aws,^ but what" they make themfclves; nor no Taxes, but what they impofe themfelres, and pray the' King and the Lords tbconfent unto, their Liberties- and Properties mull be acknowledged to be tianfcendent, and their Worldly condition moll happy and blefled; and fo ftr abote that , of the Subjetlis of any of out Neighbour Nations, that as all the-Women in Europe Would run ■ into, (the Paradife of Women) if there were a Bridge-made over the Sea; foal! the Men too, if th^re Were but ’ an A£l for a general Naturalization of all ■ Aliens, Ct4;, GH’AP.- 3S4 Wit CHAP. XX. Of the Womea of England.. T ouching the Women of Enghni,. tiiere are divers things conf derable in the Etg- ]ijh Laws and Cuftoms. Women in Eiigletii with all their moveable Goods, lb foon as they are Married, are wholly in pt^^te wr/, at the WillandDif^fftion of the Husband. If any Goods or Chattel, be given to a^Eeme- Covert, to a Married Woman, they all immedh ately become her Husbands. She cannot Lett; 5 ett, Sell, give away, or alienate any thing without her Husbands confent. Her very neceflary Apparel, by the Law, is not hers in property. If fhe hath- any. Tenure at all, it is in Capite, that is, flie holdi itpfi,and. by her Husband, who is Caput Mu- Yttfif, andthereforethe Law faith, VxoTfuhet rjdik.Maxku All the Chattels-perfonal the Wife had at the Marriage,.is-fo much;her Husbands, that after: his-dea A, they (hall not return to^ his Wife, butgo to the E.vecutor or Adminifiratoc of the Husband, as his other Goods and Chat-- tels. except only her Parapberna, or Prater dotilix, which are her neceflary Apparel, whicli, with the confent of her Husband,, (he may devife by Will; not otherwife by our Law, becaufe the property and pofleflion, even- of-the Parapherna, areinhim. ofiENGLAND.' 3 The Wife can make no Contraft witheulp hir Husbands confent, and in Law.MatterSi- Sinevirorelpiniiremnpotejt.- The Law of fuppofes a Wife tO' be-in fo- much Siibjeflian and Obedience to hec Husband, as to have no Will at all of her own: Wherefore. if a Man and: his Wife- commit a Felony together, the Wife bV'thc- Law can be neither-Principal nor.’Acceliary v- the Law fuppofing,. that in- regard of the : Subjeflion aod= obedience, fhe owes to hec c Husbands flie wasneceifitated thereunto-- The Law of EngUnd fuppofes in the-dla^ bind a power over his Wife, as over his Child, or-Servant, to correft.her wheh-lhe offends;- and therefore he muff anfwer. fon r hiS Wives-Fault,- if Ibe wrong-another-by • her Tongue, or by Trefpafs, he mnll^maka v fatlsfaftion. * So the Law makeS: it as high h er-ime.'ami. i allots the fame punifliraent to a Woman that v fliall kill her Husband, astoa Woman-thatfhall '< kiB her Father or Maflerj and thal>-isiJ?eiii»" rtfuM to be burnt alive. So that a Wife in EngUnd is dijure mtm ■ be^of Servants; having nothing her-own, in i a more proper fenfethan a Child hath; whom v his Father fuffers to cal) many-tliings his. own, , yet-can'difpofeof nothing-.- The Woman u-pon Marriage lofeth-notcnijr ' the Power over her Perfon, and her Will, and the -property of ‘her Coods, but her^ very Name; forever-after flie-ureth her Husbands Surnames-and her own is wholly la-id'afile^ which is not .Obferveff-in f r^ace - and other Countries , .where - the Wife fubfcEibes. her fel£-.-by.her Paternal Name; as Q;-5 ■; 'be-. the Daughter, of Clifford,, be Marrkd, to S. Ckmberlm,. Ihe either writes her felf Sufmna Clifford, or elfe Sufdmti Clifford chanh betkin, Notwithttanding all which,. their condition' dcfoSoii is the belt of-the World,j for fuch is- the good natafe of Englijhmeu-totvards their Wives , fuch is. the Tendernefs-and Refpeft, giying-. them the uppermolt place at-Table,, and elfewhere,- the right,hand every-where, and putting themuponno Drudgery and hard- ■ ftips that'if there, were .-a Bfidg& Qver into ■ Sn^lMd, as aforefaid, it-is thought all the. Wohaenin ff/OTpewduld run hither. ■ Befides, in forae things the Laws of' are.above other Nations,. fo- (avourable to-that Sex, as if Women had voted at the.making; of them;- If a Wife bring forth a Child,- during her- Husbands' long ablence, though it be for. fome- years,- yet if he.lived all the time inter quntmr Mirk, .within this liland, be muft Father that' Child; and if that Child be her firlt-born Son, he ftiallinherltthatHusbandsEliate,if Entail¬ ed, or left without Will. If a -Wife b. ing forth a Child, begetten-by a former Husband, or by any other, before Mar¬ riage, .but born after Marriage with another Man; this latter mud own tht Child, andthat.- GhildihallbehisHeirat Law.. The Wife, .after her Husbands death, ha vi.ng.-. nojoynture fetled before. Marriage, .may chal¬ lenge the third part of his yearly Rents of Land ' diiringherlifei and within the City of London, . a. third,part of all her Husbands Moveables ■ for. ever,. orEKG'L'ATsTD.' J5d.> As tlie Wife doth participate'of her Hus^ - binds Name, fo likewife of-his Condition. -■ If he be a Duke, fhe is a Dutcliefs;- if he be a Knight, flie is a Lady ; if he bean Aliens ■ made a Denifon, flie is ipfo fiflo, fo too. If aFree-man Marry a Bihd-ivoman, fhe is alfo ■ free during the Coverture; whereof^ al(b it is. - faid as before, Vxorfu’gurdiii Mmv.r.' All Women in tr,g\i-d are comprifed un.der • Noble or Ignoble. Noble-Women are fo three Manner of- ways.OTtr. by Creation,-by Defcent, and bf? Marriage. - The King, the Fountain'of-Honour; n^y, ■ and oft hath created Women to be-Baroneffes,-- CountelTes, Datcheffes,; - By Defcent-, fuch'Women are Noble; to'-'- whom Lands' ‘ holden by fuch Dignity, do' defeend as Heir-'; for Dignities and Titles of Honour, for want-of Males, do fometimes- defeend to Females; biittooneof themonely; • becaufe they are things in their ovvn nature t entire, -and not to be divided amongft. raany, -- (as the --Lands and' 'Tenements are , which defeend to all'the'Dahghters equally;) befides, . by-dividing Dignities, the ReputationofHo-' nour would-be loft, and the ftrength of the ; Realm impaired; forthe//o»(ran-dtfaVa/ry of-'’ the Realm doth chiefly confift.in the -Nobility -- thereof.' - By Marriage all-Wbmen are Noble who take ‘ CO their -Husbands-any B'ffon tirPeer oDthe • Realm; butif-afrerwards they Marry to Wear riohNoble. theylofetheirformffrPjgnityq-^ntTd fallow the-Condition of their latter-Husband.- - -: ' ■ - for - for $oiem mok difolvitur, ,emmMbiUtx, aut". CfnfiitKimr.- But.Womea .Noble, by. Creation,-, or De(cem:.j.,or.BrrtiiTight,,/emain-. Noble,, tbbngh they Marry Husbands .under their .De-.- gree.5. for fuch Nobility is.-aecounted chmUir^ Mde/^rfu,. Here note* that by the Courtrfy.of, a Woman,.Noble only by .Marriage,, always..retaineth her Nobility; and fo the. Widow of, a Knight, Married to any inferiouri •Rerfon, retaineth byCourtelie, the Title and 'Name, gotten.by herformer Husband: but if the-Kings Daughter Marry a Duke.oran Earl,' m kmr duim i^galk,. .as. .w.tll by. im as . Comefie, Note alfo, .that-any. Woman,- who is Nobfe; by Birth, jf (he be Married to a Baron,, takes . place according to the Degreeof her Husband^ though (he be a Dukes Daughter; but if (he marry topneunder thofe ofthe higher Nobility, as toa Knigbtorfa.Gentleman,. &ny,hyGour» telie, place is given aaording to her Birth, and, not her .Husband, . Nobtevomen, in.tbe.Eye„o£the,Law, ara Peers of the.Realui, and are to be tried by,their iPeers, anl to enjoy mod other Priviledges ^.-ponour, and Refp.ea, .as, their Husbands:. Only they cannot, by the Oiknion. of foma great Lawyers, maintain an Adfion ,upon the Sutute,:De,jcinddld.Msgmum, the.Makers of that Statute .meaning.only to. provide an that Cafe for,the Great,Men,-and not for. the Wo-, • men, as -the Words of that Statute feem to.. import.,- Likewife^Jf any of .the Kings Ser¬ vants within his.Check-RoIl.* (hould confpira thedeath'of any Noble.Woman, .this were not Eelony,. as it is* if. like. Confoiracy be againlh srNcibleman,., S>f2: ENG LAND. m None of theWives Dignities an coineibj!. Marriage to their Husbands, although all their Goods and Chattels do; only the Wives Digni¬ ties with htr Lands, are to defcend to her next -■ Heir; yetistheCourteCeoffig/jedfuch, that- astheWife for her Dower hath the third part: of her Husbands Lands, during her Life; fo the Husband; for the Dignity of his anA for getting his Wifewith Child,, (whichmuft appear by being born alive) fliall have all .his. Wives Lands (for his Dowry, if,it. may bc'fo called) diiring.his Life.. By the Conftitution ofMarried- Perfpns are fo fall joyned, that they may- not bevwholly.feparated by any agreementbetween themfelyes, but only by fen^ence of the Judge } and fuch reparation is either a Fivade-Mtitrim’ nil, and that is, sh pitcoittritSum,- vel oh ccKtri‘ (lumper metum ejeflum, vel oh Jrigidiiatem, vet eb tfflmtiter, pveConfanguinititem, velobfieviu^- am.-,- otelfe fuch feparation is « Menfa CJ "(boro, and that is, obMuIterim. Tlie vW'ife in EagtoJ is accounted lb mnch> one with, her Husband, that fbe cannot be produced as. Witnefs for, pt againll her Husv band. . € HA p: fi!(fcnt Istm CHAP;: XXI. Children. ■ T ile Condition of Children-in rjighnl is different from thofe in our Neigtibour- Gountries. - ■ As Husbands have a more abfoiute Autho¬ rity over their Wives, and their Ellates,To Fathers have a more abfoiute Antliority over their Children. Fathers may give all their Ellates uniatailed from their own Children, . and all to any one Child, and none to the reft; the conlideration whereof, keeps the Children '• in great awe. Children, by the Common-Law of EngUnd, are, at certain Ages, enabled to perform cer- ■ tain Adts. • _ A Son, at the age of 14, may chufe his Guar- ■ dian, may claim his land'holden in Socage, may confent to Marriage, may, by Will, difpofeof • Goods and Chattels; At the age of !■;, he ought tobefivorntohis ■ Allegiance to' the King, At 21, he is faidtobeof full age, may then make any Cohtradls, maypafs, not only Goods, but Lands by Will, which in other Countries - may not be done, -uWtheAr.n'MCoafjlmia:, the ageof 2^, when the heat of the Youthisfome- ■ what abated, and they begin to be.Hayed in inindi as well as in growth, A Daughter at 7 years is to have aid of her Fathers Tenants to marry her, for at tiiofe years 6f ENG land. {he may confent unto Marriage,, tkough flie mav afterwards diflent. At 9 (he is Dowable, as if then, or foon after (lie could vimm fujimere, and thereby,iJdtem (he. is enabled to ratifie and confirm ■ her former confent given to Matrimony, and if at that age (he dilTent not; (he. is bound for ever; ■ (hemay then make a • Will of- Goods and Chattels. , . , At 14. (he might receive her Lands into her ewn hands, and was then out of Wardihip, if fliewas i4atthedeathof her Aneeftor; At i6.(,though at the death of her Ancelior (he was under 14) (he was -to beoutof Ward- (hip ; becaufe then (he might take a Husband who might be able to perform Knights:Service.- Atit, (he is enabled to.Cdntraa or Alienate her Lands, by Will, orotherwife. Thceldqft Son inherits, all tanas, and to the VounserCjiildren ate dirpofed Goods and Chat- ■ Kls, and commonly-the eldeft Sons;Wives Por¬ tion; and befidesi they are carefully Educated 1 infomeProfeliiono.r Trade; If there be no Son, the Lands as well as - Goods are equally divided amongll the Dauglv • XOe ^;e(ent a H;A,P.:> XXIi; of Servants:. T He condition of Servants in Eti^Uidt is’ - muc’a more favourable than it was in our An6e(fGi5.days,' when it was fo bad, that Stgjtni vizs calied>the Purgatory of Servants,' as itwas, andisftill, the Paradife of Wives,. . andnhe Helt for Horfes. Ordinary Servants are hired-cofnmonly Ton one year, at the end whereof they may be free", . (giving warning three months'before) and may place themfelves with other Mafiers; only it is accounted difcourteous-and unfriendly^ to take another Mans Servant, before leave given by his former Mailer ; and>indifcreet to -take a , Servant without Certificate of his diligence,- and of his faithfulnefs-ia his'Service to-his former Malfer,. All Servants are-fubjedl to be.corredled by theirMaftersand MiftrelTes, andrefidancein a ■ Servant is punilhed with fevere penalty; but - for a Servant to takeaway thelifeof his or her Mailer or Miltrefs, is accounted a Grime next to < High Treafon, and called.Petty Treafon, and . ' a peculiar punilhment Capital. Foreign Slaves in are none. liiTce Chrifiianity prevailed.. A Foreign Have brought - jnto-E>i^/a»(4iis upon Landing, ip/o faSot free - ftomSlavery, butnotfrom ordinary Service. . ef ENGLAND. jtfa Some Lands in Enghnd are holden in f'illit- vits, to do fome patticulsr Services to the Lord of the Manner, and Inch Tenants may be caHed the Lords servants. There is a two-fold Tenure called Filimp, one where the Tenure-onely is Servile, as to plough the Lords Ground, fow, reap, and bring homehisCorn, dung his Land, Thepthec whereby both Perfon and Tenure is fervile, and bound in all refpeiSs at the difpofition of the lord; fuch Perfons are called in Law, Pare Fif- hm, and arc-todo all Villanous Services, to improve the Land he holds to the L»rds ufe, themfelves to Be wholly at the Pordr fervice, and' whatever they get is for their Lord: Of fuch there are now but few left in uiiglMd- The. neared to this condition are Apprentices, (that Sgaldes limits) a fort of Servants that carry the mark of pure Villains or Bond-flaves, (as before inthe Chapter of Gentry isintimated}' differing however in this,. That Apprentices are flaves only for a time, and by Covenant j the'otherare foatthe Will of their Mailer. Tk End of the Firjl Some JMtiohs and Alterations. ?)g;238. Thitjhonli have been infertei. Aftar the Death of His Royal Highnefs Prince George, if Her Highnefs the Princefs fiiould out live him, it.was agreed in the Articles of Marriage, that her Dowry or Joynture is to be625-0/r Sterling yearly, andthis fecured upon the Bailiage of mrdingburgb and the Illand of Febmerit. ■ Pig. 126. Tbit puli be hferted. The yeungeft Daughter of the- Princefs ffm- tiitti, late Dutchefs of'.OrlcMs , called jmdk' moifelle de isnovv Married to the Duke of Smy, ■ ; Pig. 141.- Tbit Aheretm, The Lord ViP countBwis^eris lately deceafed; and the Com* miflionfoF the Admiralty diffolved, and-the Ixecuftonof thatOfficecommitted-to theCare-- of His Royal Highnell- the'Duke of SECOND PART OF THE PRESENT STATE ENGLAND. Together with divers reflections UPON The Antient State thereof. BY EDm CHAMBERLATNE, Doitor of LAWS. The' Twelfth Edition, with feveral Ad¬ ditions, and very many Alterations, h Magnis voluijfe. fat ejt - I TO HER ^OXAL BIGBNESS THE Moll Excellent, Illuftrious And PIOUS PRINCESS, The PRINCESS ANNE O F This Twelfth Edition of the Second Part of the PRESENT state of ENGLAND, is mofi hmhly Dedicated by the AVTHOR, Edw. Chamberlayne. T O T H E READER. I N-a former fmall Treatife, Intituled, THB PRESENT RTJTE OP ENGLAND^ The Author having given a Succind Account of Gown^ mmt in General^ as it is Motiarchkd \ and therein, of the Kwg^ Qmm, Princes, and Trincejfes of the Blond--, of the Great Officers of the Crown-, of the Kings,Queens, and Duke ofTo-rl(,s Courts; of the Three States of England, Clergy, Nobility, and Commons, and of divers other Remarkables. In this Seco-ndBa-rt of the Prefent State of England, he hath endeavonred to deferibe, with the like Brevity, the Pa-rticidar Government of E'ngland, Ec- clefafiical. Civil, and Military : The, feveral Courts of Juftice, die Offices and Officers belonging thereunto; and (for the fake of Foreigners) to exhibite .a particular Deferiptionof the Famous To the Reader. City of London, of the Two Renowned Univerlities, &c. In Eredting fucha Spacious and Va¬ rious Edifice, the Spedtator, atfirft view, will hardly conceive how much pains was beftowed in digging the Foun¬ dation, in railing Scaffolds, in finding, conveying, and fitting Materials, in con¬ triving the JrchiteUm, in removing the Rubbiih, &e. Other ’Builders conlult onely their own Brains, and the Dead, (that is, Books) whereunto accefs may be had at all Hours: But in this Work^ the Living, and the choicelt among them, were to be advifed with; where¬ of lome were far diftant, others feldom atleifure, fome unwilling to Communi¬ cate their Knowledge, others not at all affable. However, if the Reader, reaping in few Hours, the Fruits of many Months labour, lhall receive any content, the Author will not only be fatisfied for this, but incouraged for another like Enterprize. THE ANGLIJE NOriTIA.' OR, The Prefent State OF ENGLAND: CHAP. I. Oftk Gcvernmint of England in prtkuUr ; mi Firjl, ef the Kings moft Hcnomhte Privf COvRClL, T H E Government of Eng Win parti¬ cular, is either Eulefntfiknl, Civilt or KiiliUrj, wherein the King is Su¬ preme Governor in all Caufes, and over all Perfons, from him is derived all Au¬ thority and Juriidiftio'n. He \% qunfiintelleSut Agens, fernu fcramm, niel folius Mundi At- glki Deus. And the Primum Mibik thereofj P-art-II, E froig from whence, all the inferior Orbs derive their 'Motioiij-is that hfoble,’Honourable, and ^Reverend Affenibly, called Comiliuinfuretmi, jfrimtm vel Continuum Regis Concilium, which is a Court of fuch Antiquity and Honor, that jt_may be faid-to be higher than the higheft Court of England, (as the Parliament is ufually called) for our Parliaments are not only much younger, but alfo may truly be faid to be the Produftions of the Kings Privy-Council, as ap- pears'by the vvord's of the Writ, for fummbn. ingbfaParliament. This is'thehigheft Watch- Tower of the Nation, wherein the King, with all his good sentinels, and Watchmen about him, takes a careful Survey of all his Domini¬ ons, andfometimesofairtheUominiqns of the World, as any df them have any Relation to Ifis:-where he cohfultsand contrives how to j)roteahis-numberlefs.Suhje£i:s, not only from Injunes .amongft themfelves, but from the wrongsjgnd violences of all other Nations; wherehedoth confult and watch for the pub- JicklGopdi Honor,-Defence, Profit, and Peace of all Ws'People. Before the, latter end of Hrnry the Third,, ^iud .fmifumfuit fer Regem 1 ? Concilium fuum freed du- '■ ■l^i0effS^lvigorem]bahmt, !ldth Sfelinon. '-■■■ The:Primitive and ordinary way OfjGo.viern- (fiidnt in Englimd','mi by thd King and his Privy- Council,-aiKi'all our Kings , have afted -much 'by it, determining Controverfies of great dm- pottaice,fomeCimestouchingLandsand Rights letweenParty and Party, whereof tliere are very many Prefidents, and the,Judges oi-Eng- ia»^,‘in fome difficult cafes, were not wont to .’give Judgment, until they had-firft confulted t^e;£ing.or:hisPrivy-Council. .Moteoiver The Lords .,«* to tteBnSjuJ f". StM >t>"' » long Experieaceapd^*ra^^^^^ State.afFairs,thanaB ,- the lords and Coinmons tpge ha:. „K|'2f3«S“S5 confult for °ReL not medluiS 'imMM U.etand,elioemtheytoveaW a Man-did but ftnU m t ^ ^ pjefence, he Counfellor, t,,"^ andto con- -vvasgrieYOunyEinedfortl ^ maderFe- fpirethe ‘i^^*ofanyf the si,:"srs.S6oW»-»»«h ?fea 3 ^S lisssissss: feret the Kings Counfel.^iSc. By force of this Oath, and the cuftom of the Kingdom of England, a Privy-Counfellor is made without any Patent or Grant, and to continue only during the Life of the King that makes him, nor fo long, unlefs the Kingpleaf- eth. There hath been ufually a Lord Prefident of the Kings Privy-Council; a Dignity of fo high a Repute, that, by a Statute of Hmry the Eighth, he is to take place in publick, next to the Lord High-Treafurer of England: his Office was to fpeak firft to Bufinefs, to report to His Majefty the Pafla'ges and State of Bufinefles, tranfafled at Council-Table. The laftLord Pre¬ fident before this, was theEatl of Shiftshury, he that is now Lord Prefident of the Kings Privy-Council, is jfcfe Earl of Radnor. To His Privy-Counfellors, the King of Eng- .land may Declare,or Conceal from them,what- foever he alone judgeth fit and expedient, ym in re (faith the excellent Sir Kmms Smith) ah- foluiijjimm ejl hoc Regmim AnglU (rat Venetorum Ducatu ant Lacedemoniornm Prhicipatu, The King with the Advice of his Privy- Couiidl, doth publilh Proclamations, binding to the Snbjeft, provided that they are not con¬ trary to Statute, or Common-law. In caf.s where tbs publick Peace, Honour, •or Profit of the Kingdom, may be endanger¬ ed for vvant of fpeedy redrefs, there the King witl) his Pri'vy-Cou icil, ufually make ufe of .an abfolute power, u‘ need be. The Members of this moft HonourableCoun- dl, are fuch, as his own free Will, and meer Motion, (hall pleafe to chufe, and are com¬ monly Men of the highefi: rank, eminent for Sftates, Wifdom, Courage, Integrity, tc. And . becaufe Pan 2 . ^ENGLAND. saissl 0 h P ncipalBilhopsoffo^^^^ les been chofen by H.s ^ Privy-Council; S^ethe Li > t "t:s'LE^r&..e;™g«c ?in*iaft Sf ’^’1 D^fMaSer hSe. is^vholly at thkings con^moIrhcW^ rmmonlyhcld mtlie monii 6, -j-g^, day and Friday out of ° J Paf. time, and in the Afternoon, m times ot Far liament or Term. 4 S“oSf.beSe««^ sectary Of State,until about the end of H^- ite not at Council-Board, bot having prep^a- red their bufinels in a room adioyo'^l^y^jj. Cduacil-Chamber, they came iff, and ftood on either hand of the King^ and nothing was de¬ bated at the Table, until the-Secretaries had gbne through'with their Propofalr.But (^iieen Eli^akth feldom coming to Council, that me¬ thod was altered, and the two Secretaries took their placesas Privy-Counfellors, which Dig¬ nity they have ret3ined_and enjoyed ever fince: and a Council is feldom 'or never held without the Prefence of one ofthematthe leaft. • Their employment being of Extraordinary Trufl: and Multiplicity, renders them molt con¬ querable, both in the eyes of the King qron whom they attend every day, as oc'cafion re¬ quires •, and of the Subjeft alfo, whole Re- quefts and Drfires are for the moft part lodged in tlieir hands, to be reprefented to the King, and always tomakedifpatches thereupon, ac¬ cording to His Maj-'fties AnEvers and Direfli- AsforForreign Afiairs, ti-.e Secretaries di- videall the Kingdoms and Nitions, which have intercourfc of Hufinefs with the King of Eng- Imiil, into two grand Provinces; whereof each Secretary taketh one to liimfelf, receiving all Letters and Acldrefles from, and making all difpatches to the fevera! Princes and States comprehended within his own Province. But in all Matters of home-Concern, whe¬ ther, they relate to the’ publick, or to particu¬ lar Perfons, both the Secretaries do equally and indiftinftly receive and difpatch whatfo- ever is brought to them, be it for the Church, tlie Militia, or private Grants, Pardons,, Dif- penfations, i&c. They have this fpecial Honour, that if either Of them be a Baron, he taketh place, and hath- the Prece'denc? ofall other perfons of the fame Degree, Pirto... OtENGtANR, : x,as,a. thonil. 9 *“^™ St to* S“STkS.VS«!«= hath no yp^nVLod^inasappointed jrffisssgfiss own Accommodation > alfo a ssssssa,..—■ “I? iilruw anStoiUe their ptece is, and Penfion, is little lels tnai I’ThtS'Srsand Clerks, whom they to- The S«:ret “ j^ yy at their own choi- fi;;S“S"S T tiontoan office,conftaritly^at™^ KtothePrivy seal or Great seal. Tk refint Trincifal Secretaries of State are. . The Rt. honourable Sir. LedmJenIdnsU; ' Ti->(p Rt- Honourable R£>6e^^ J both' Perfons eminent for their Great hnd, pp-fuii Neffot ations abroad. Chief secretaries under , them, are Laws, Secretaries to Sir Liolini Jenkins ; And IViUim Bridgnumnijohn Montjlefhens Efqs’, Secretaries to the Earl of Sunder¬ land, Waiting on the Privy-Council there are four Clerks in Ordinary, who wait by Months, each one; he that comes in, is always a week before, and a week after his Month, to affift there. Their Office is to Read what is brought be¬ fore the Council,and Draw up all fuch Orders, as the King and Lords Aall direfl, and caufe them to he Regiftred. The Clerks of the Council are theft that folloa. Sir Join N'cnWiij,Knight of the Bath. SiTFhilif Lloyd, Kt. ■Sir Thomas Dohman , Kt. Francis Guym, Efq; Two Keepers of the Council-Chamber,Fee to each 45. /. Mr. Benjamin Coleing , Mr. Ha- thiniel Cox , who is alfo Keeper of the Re¬ cords of the Council. Thefe, upon occafion, are fent by Warrant of the Lords of the Privy-Council, to fetch any Perfon, under the degree of a Baron, and to keep him prifoner in his Houfe till further Order. Attending on the Secretaries, are the Clerks of the Signet, or Little Seal, whicb is always in thecuftody ofthe Secretaries,-for Sealing the Kings private Letters, and for all fuch Grants as pafs His Majefties Hands by Bill affigned. Of thefe Clerks there are four. Sir John Hkholas, Knight ofthe Rj/A. Sidneys Bear, Efq; Hicholas Morrice, Efq; WiUiamTrumull Dr.ofLawes. Thefe Pare,; of ENGLAND. ? Thefe have no Fee from the Knts direaed to them to P^^Pf ■ Office,allGrant»,either prepared by the Kings SHssii Clerks of SmU is lufficient for the pay. rf.;asri«SS.'s»J kIrLfcribei So all which paffes from the King, hath thefe feveral ways of being confide- ThSeaK^Sr Clerks of thePrivj' Seal,w>. Sir Charles dickerfiaf , "Kt. John Malthens , Efqi rkonm Waikjtsi Ilore^oftheir Office is to be f^n in SUt. 27* of swy 8 . worthy to be noted, TothisOffice (in time when the Court of Keqmfi is in being) belongs the Sealing, of all Commilions and other ProcelTes out of that. Court; Moreover.dependingonthe Secretaries of State, is an antient Office called the Pafir- Office, the Keeper whereof hath in his charge, all the publklc Papers, Writings,'Matters of State, and Council; all' Letters, Intelligences, Negotiations of the Kings publick Minifters abroad, and generally all the- Papers and Dif- patches, that pafs through the Offices of the two Secretaries of State, which are from time to time tranfmitted-into this Office, and here remain, difpofed fey way of a Library within fils Majefties Palace of IVhite-hll.' This con- fiderable Officer hath a fee of idol, fermnwii, payable but of the Excbe^mr, and is atprefent that very worthy Petfou, Sir Jcfefh Willimffin, Kt. late one of the Principal Secretaries of State. After the Kings mbft Honourable Prn^- Council, that Trimm Mobile, or rather that Refort or Swing, may be conndered the Greot tweets, firft moved by that Spring, which are the Convocation for the Ecclefiaftical Govern- rleht, and the Parliament for the Civil. But for the better underftanding of the Ec- defiaftical Government, it will be expedient topremife fomewhat of the Ecclefiaftical Per¬ sons in Engluitd. .chap: Parti. er.ENGXANG. CHAP. n. Of the Ecclefiaftical Ferfm tf ^ England. rirSStssg ardPowefin Temporals; fo hath he SUlcS^ sseJeffiSa r:ES.-a';'?»S PccMnllitiil Benefices in £»gtoi,to whomthe more at large may be feen m the firft Part of ^^Ne?M‘theSin the Ghnrch-Govern- wient are the Bilhops, whereof two are^ called veral Dioceires, and therein by Common-Law, a Prerogative, of proving Wills, and granting Adminiftrations, where the perfon dying had loM mtahilk, that is, above 5 /. in divers Die- cefesoxJurifJiSions. Alfo, by Grants offeveral Kings, they have each one certain Privileges, liberties, and Immunities in their own States. Under thefe two Archbilhops are Twenty fix Bilhopricks, whereof Twenty two are reck¬ oned in the Province of CunUrhitryrZnA Four in the Province of So that there are be-- fides the two Archbilhops, Twenty four Bi- Ihops, all which have the Title of Lords, by reafon of their Baronies annexe to their Bi- lliopricks, and have Precedence over all other Barons both in Parliament and in other AfTem- blies; araongft thefe prefides always the Bi- ihop of Lmdm, who by antient Right is ac¬ counted Dean of the Efifcifd CcUeJge of that Province, and by vertue thereof, is to fignifie the pleafure of his Metropolitan, to all the Bi- ftops of the Province, to execute his Mandute^ to difperfe his on all emergency of Af¬ fairs, to prefidein Convocations of Provincial ■Synod}, during the necelTary abftnce of the Mie- irofolitnm Ney:ttoLouden, inPar/iawent,pre¬ cedes Durham, and then Wir.chefter: all the reftoftheBilhops take place according to the Seniority of their Confecrations^ The Funflion of an EngliJH Bipp confifts in what he may afl, either by his Epifiopal Order, OTbyKi Epifcopal JurifdiSion^ By hhEpifcopal Order,h.e may Ordain Deacons and Pn'f/Jj, he may dedicate Churchesand Bu¬ ry ing-places,may adminifter the Rights and Ceremonies of Confirmation, without whom acme of thefe may be done^ Ihfr Partz. of ENGLAND. x} •The Jurifdtam of a Bilhop is either Ordim- rvor j/eligMed-, the Ordinary is what by the Law of the Land belongs to each Bifhop, m hisownDiocefs; the Kina is plcafed to confer upon him, not as a Kiftop, but as he is a Subjea, and a confide, table Member of the Kingdom; For all Clergy¬ men are in England {ai anciently among Gods own People thtjewi, Pr'™* tive ChrWm,^° foonas they were under Chri- ftian Emperors) judged fit to enjoy divers Tem¬ poral Honours and Employments; as, Firft.To bp in the Gommiflion of the Peace,^ for who fo proper to make and keep ^ they,whofeconftantduty It istopreachPeace. Who fo fit as thevjwhofe main buunefs and Itu dv is to reconcile thofc that are at variance And therefore fince His Majefties happy Re- ttion, aswellasbefore divers grave dif. creet Divines have been madejuftices of Peace^ and thereby not only the have been protea.ed from the oppreffion of their caufelefs Enemies, but many difference have been compofed without any Law-Suit, in a moreChriftian and lefs expenfive way. Secondly, to be of his Majefties Pnvy-Coun- dl, where frequently Cafes of Conrciencemay arife, relating to State-Matters, that will ad- mit neither of delay, nor publication. And therefore after the pattern of that excellent Chrlftian Emperor C«i>iih«e the Great,, our Rood Kings, both before and fince the Re- Irmationfhave always admitted.fome Spiri¬ tual Perfons to their Council-Tables, and ^Thirdly, tobe employed in PubUckTreatms- and Negotiations of Peace,, and this ‘ba Ancient and Modern Praftice will juftifie, thst none have been more frequently and fnccefs- fully uled in fuch Meffages, than the Ambaffa- dors of Ohrift. Fourthly, to enjoy fome of the Great Offi¬ ces of the Crown, as to be Lord Cbmellor, Lord Trtufurer, &c. And it hath been obferved, that in the late Reign, when the Bifhop of London v/is Lord Treofurer-, that Office was exe¬ cuted with as much diligence, faithfulnefs, dexterity, and content to the Subjefl as well as to King, as ever it had been by his Lay-Pre- decellbrs. In the ordinary Jurifdiflion of a Bifhop, as a Bifhop, may be confidered either the Jurif- didion it felf, or what is inflated in him by the Law of the Land, for the better execution f)f thit -Jurifdidm- Thejuri/didion it felf is eftablifhed Partly by Statute-Law, as to Licence Phyficians, Surgeons, and School Maflers; to unite and confolidate fmall Parifhes, to affift the Civil Magiflrates in execution of fome Statutes concerning Ecclefiaftical Affairs, to compel the payment of Tenths and Subfidies,due from the Clergy to the King, Partly by Common-Law, as upon the Kings Writ to certifie the Judges touching legiti¬ mate and illegitimate Births and Marriages; torequire upon the Kings Writ the burning of an obftinate Heretick, but this laft hath been lately repealed; alfo to require the Kings Writ for imprifoning the Body of one that obfti. nately ftands Excommunicated Forty days. AndPartly byCommon andEcclefiaftical-Law together, astoraufe Wills [of the Deceafed to be proved,, to grant Adminiftration ofGoods of fuch as dye inteftate, to give order for the .Sav PMti. Of EPfCiWNP. 15 and F'r«"”S a* :r/SSf5SJ»" fend theFranchifesand ^jn three ssfsisis^ai «SS 2 sfe? ^Pious^ufes, I>ilap»^^ Goodsbelong.ngtotheChurA ctiy. Nov?; Now, for the better executing of this Jwriy- diBion, the Law of Engknd hath furniihed the Sifliops with a power of Ecclefiaftkd Cm- fares, whereof fome may be inflifted both upon Lay-men.and Church-men, as Sufpenlion from entring into the Church, or elfe from recei¬ ving the Sacrament, or greater Excommunica¬ tions, l?c. Others may be inflifted only upon Ecclefiaftical Perfons, asSegueftration of their Ecdefiaftical Profits, Sufpenfionsjfometimes d Officio, fometimes a Benefch, Defrmtm, and Vepofitm, which is fometimes verbal, by fen- tence pronounced agaipft them, and fometimes real, by Degradation. Here note,That of all thefeCenfures, Excommunication jsnever to. be inflifted but only for Contumacy; as when a perfon beingduly fummoned,will not appear, or appearing, will not obey the Orders of the Bilhop, tkSolmn mmer of is England’ isasfoRoiteih, When any Bifhops See becomes vacant, the Penn and Chofier of that Cathedral giving no-. tice thereof to the King, who is Patron of all the Billiopricks in Er,gland, and humbly Re- guefting, that His Majefty will give leave for them to choofe another j the King hereupon grants to the Dean His Conge d’EJlire, which in French (wherein it was anciently penned) Signifies leave to cleft ^ then theDean fummons. a Chapter or Aflembiy of the Prebendaries,, who either eleft the perfon recommended by. His Majefties Letters, or Ihew caufe to the. contrary. Next, the Eleftion is certified to the party Elefted, who doth modeftly refufe. it the firil and fecond time i 'and if he 'refufe it Part^. Of ENGLAND. 17 a third time, then, that being certified to His ■ Majefty, another is recommended; when the Eleilion is accepted by the party, it is certi¬ fied to the King, and the Archbifhop of that Province, whereupon the King gives hisRoyal Aflent under the Great Seal of Engknd ; which is exhibited to the Archbilhop of that Pro¬ vince with command to confirm and confe- crate him; hereunto the Archbiftiop fubfcrik^s to CoBfrM/in, and givesCommiffion under his Archiepifcopal Seal to hisVicar-GeneraMo per- form all the Afls required for perfeuing :his Confirmation. The yicar-Generaltlien in the Name of the Archbifhop, fends forth a Citation,fummoning all Oppofersof the faidEledion or Perfon E- letfcd, to appear at a certain time and place efpecially afligned to make their Obj!aions, Th's done by an Officer of the Arches, ufuahy ztBurf-Churebm Chenffide, Londovi hY Proda- ination thres times, and then af&xing the Paid Citation on the Church-door, for all people to read,the faid Officer returns an authentick Cer¬ tificate thereof to the Archbifhop and Vicar- General. At the day and place affigned for the appearance of theOppofers, the Vicar-Gene¬ ral Sits, then the Prodor for the faidDeanand Chapter exhibits the Royal Affent, and the Commiffionof the Archbifhop i which read and accepted by the Vicar -General,the Prodor exhibits the Proxy from the Dean and Chap¬ ter, and then prefents the ElededBifhop,and returns the Citation, and defires the Oppofers to be publickly called threetimcs,which. being done accordingly,he accufeth their Contumacy, and for penalty thereof, defires that the bu- finefs may proceed, which the Vicar-General in a Scheduleby hi(n Read and Subfcribed doth order. Next the Proftor, giving a Summary- Petition, wherein is deduced the whole Pro- cefs of Eleftion and Gonfent, defires a time to be alEgned to prove it, which the Vicar-Ge- neraladmits and decrees. After which, the Proflor exhibits the Royal Aflent, with the ElefVed Biihops Aflent, and the Certificate to theArchbilhop,and defires a term prefently to be affigned to hear final Sentence,which theVi- car-General decrees. Then the Proflor defires that ail Oppofers Ihonld again be called, which being thrice publickly done, and none appear- jng,_ npr oppofing, they are pronounced contu¬ macious, and a Decree made to proceed toSen- tence,by aSchedule'read and fubfcribed by the faid Vicar-Gentral. Then the EleQ PeiTon takes the Oath of Supremacy, Simony, and Canonical Obedience. Next the Judge of the Arches reads and fub- fcribes the Sentence; after which, ii fually there is an entertainment made for the Officers and others there prefent, which being once done at the Sign of the Hags-htad in ChMjiJide,neiT the faid Bop-Chunb, gave occafion to our Adver- faries of the Komilh Church,to affirm that Fable thatThere our firfi: Biihops,after the Reforma¬ tion, were confecrated. When a Bifhop is Eleffed, and the Eleftion confirmed-, he may give Inftitution, and do his ordinaryJanTdiftiontandmaySit' in Parlia¬ ment,as Lord thereof, according to Sir Edward Cmk; 4 lufth. f. 47. After the Confirmation, then according to the Kings Mandate,is the Solemn Confecration of the Elefted Bilhop, which is done by the Archbifhop, with the affiltence of two other Biihops in manner folibwing. Upon Part’-i- atEWOtANIK- upon fome S.May or Holiday, «« service, theArch-BilhopbegmnetlrtheCom- ;union’service-; after a g pointed for this occafion, .«*’e of tile'Rmops there orerent reaaeththe.Epiffle> 12”’’'!% the 4rch-Bi{hop,Qr fome other Biftiop Cotn- hiiffioned by him, fitting in Cham, 'vh^®* takes the oath of Snpremacy^and ofCanomca Obedience to the Arch-Bifiiop, and afer^iver® Prayers,^ and feverairnterrogator.espntto the Bilhop, andhisAnfwers, the reft of the to 1- copal-Habit is put: upon him, and after “ime Pravers, the Eleft Biftiop kneeleth down, and the Arch-Bifliop and Bifiiopsthere-prefent,Iay SeifHanionL Head, and by a tertam jnMs grave form of words, ^iiey Co"ft^?ate h m Afterwards the Arch-bifiiop doth deliver to the Biftiop Eleft a Bible, with another Set Form of SsVandro all proceed to the Communion- Jervicejand havingreceived the SacramenMnd theBleffing, they repair from Church to Din¬ ner which is at the charge ofthe Biftiop Eleft, and^s ufually very fplendid and magmficen., the greateft ofthe Nobility, Clergy, judges, Privy-Counfellors, «fflN. N. Epifcopuiii, 13 Domims Cu- Jlodkt fum introitiiin is- exitum ex he mm iS in Seculuin,kc. Then the Subdean and the Petty Canonsfingthe7eD ot; meanwhile the Bi¬ lhop is again condiifted from his own place to the Deans Seat, and there, in token of taking real pofTefiton, he ftands till teV.umh ended. Part a* Of E N G L AN zi. together with other Prayers, the Archdeacon reading fomeVerfides, as, 0 Lord, Save this tk ServMii.ourBiJhop, (thepeople anfwer- ins) And fendbwi hnlth from thy Then the Archdeacon reads a Ihort Colled for theBilhopbyName: After Prayers, the Bi- (hop is conduSed into the Chapter-Houfe, and there placed on a high Seat •, the then Arch¬ deacon, and all the Prebends and Officers of the Churth, come before the Bifliop, and acknow¬ ledge Canonical Obedience tohim : Finally,the PublickNotary is by the Arch-deacon required tomakeaninftruraent, declaring the whole matter of Fact in this Affair. _ Then the faidBilhop is introduced into the Kings Prefence, to do his Homage for his Tem¬ poralities or Barony, by kneeling down, and putting his Hands between the Hands cf the King, fittingina ChairofState, and by ta- king of a Solfnii! Oath.tobe true and faithful to His Majefty, and that he holds his Temporali¬ ties of Him. ' La-ffly, The new Biffiop compounds for the Fh-ft-Frnits of his Biflioprick, that is, agrees for his: firft-yearsProfits to be paid to the King, with n li' O years, ormore if the King pleafe. The Trar.dation of a Bifhop from one Bilho- prick toanother, differs only in this, from the • manner of making a Biftiop, that there is no TheTranflationof a Bifhop to be Archbi- Ihop, differs only in the Commiffion, which isdirefted by His Majefty to four or more Bi- Ihops to confirm him. Note, That the dffie- rence between an A'chbifliop and a Bifhop is, That the Archbifhop, with other Bifhops, dothConfecratea Bifhop, as a Bifhop with other Priefts doth Ordain a Prieft: The iwch- bifhop bifilopvifits-the whole Province, the Bi/hop only his Diocefs; the Archbilho.p an Con- -vocate a Provincial Synod-, the iBilhop,on!v aDiocelan.Synod; The Archbilhop is Ordi‘. ■-nary to, and hath Canonical Authority over alicheBilhopsof his Province,-and as the Bi- lliophath over all the Prieftsof his Diocefs. Several Bilhops of having Dioccffes ..of a large extent, it was provided.by Sm. 26. ■ tlin.'i, that they lliould have a Power to no- .minate fome to the King to be, with his appro¬ bation, Suffragan orSubfidiary Bilhops,vvhere- of fee more in the Firff Part of the Prefmt Suti v/England. Ofthefe there are none.atpreient -in the Church oFEngUnd, but the next to tlii ■Bilhops, are now the Deans of Cathedral Churches. Dean and Antiently Bilhops did notordinarilytranfaQ Chafter, matters of .moment, fine confiUo Presbylercrum prhdfalium, who were then called Senatcres Ec- define, and Colleagues of the Bifhops,reprefenr- edin fome fort by our Cathedrals^ whereof the-Dean and-fome ofthe Prebends are upon theBilhopsfummons, toaffift.him in Ordina¬ tions, in Deprivations is Beneficio ,. in Condemnation of obftinatc Hereticks, in the ■great Excommunications, and in fuch like weighty Affairs of the Church. Upon the Kings Writ of Cengs d’eflire ( as before- 1 mentioned) the Dean and Prebendaries are to Eleff^e- Bifhop of that Diocefs. Cathedral and Cb1%iate-Chutches are, as it were Semi¬ naries or Seed-Plots, whereouf .from time ;to time maybe chofen fit perfons to govern the Church, for having.left the .Countrey and li- ving'here in a Society .together, ithey learn ex¬ perience,; they read Men, .they,-,by ..little and Part 2. Of little, putofFthe familiarity of the inferior Country Clergy, and thereby Aem- feivesmore fit to befetover them m Govern¬ ment. The Dean and Prebendaries, during their required Kefidence in their athedral or Collegiate Churches, are to keep pfpitahty, upon all Feftivals to read Divinity m their turns, which is now turned to Sermons, or fet Speeches in thePulpit •, at due time to admi- niftertheOirds Supper-, to frequent thepub- lick Divine Service-, to inftrufl the Cauntrey Clergy, and direft them how, and what to Preach, whereby they may beft profit their Au¬ ditors; Ina word, asthey excel,otes inDig- nitv and are therefore filled Prelates, f» by their more eminent Piety and Charity .they are to be examples and patterns to the inferior ^ fnIvery Cathedral or Bifliops See tlwre is a Dean, and divers Prebendaries, or Canons, whofe number is uncertain. Deans of the old Foundations,founded before the fuppreffion of Monafteries-, ate brought to their Dignities muchlike Bifhops,the King firft fending forth his Conge d’ ejlire to the _v.hap- ter, they elefting, and the King -granting his Royal Affent, the Bifliop confirms him, and gives his Mandate to Inftall him. Deans of the new Foundations Cuponlup- Tireffion of Abbeys or Priories transformed by Hr/;. 8. into Dean and Chapter) are by a Sor¬ ter courfelnftalkdby virtue of the Kings Let¬ ters Patents, without either Election or Con¬ firmation. _ , , . ^ Among the Canons or Prebendaries m tte old Foundations, fome are .towiici having FrAmdum fediledn Chore is/jus fufrngh w Coft- ta/s; Others are Cinomci in Ytrbn (as tbey^are Z4 called^ having right to the next Prebend that (hall become void, and having already a Stall in the Quire, but no Vote in the Chap- Archden- Rural, Deans. Triefls orRe- Ibrs. A Prebend is properly the portion which every Prebendary of a Collegiate or Cathe¬ dral Church receiveth in the right of his place for his maintainance, yaa/i fars vel forth frx- benia. Next in the Government of the Englifi Church may be reckon’d Archdeacons, where¬ of there are do in all England'. Their Office is to vifit two years in three, and to enquire of Reparations, and Moveables belonging _ to Churches, to reform abufes in Eccleliaftical Matters, and to bring the more weighty affairs before the Bifhop of the Diocefs; and there¬ fore he is cdled. Alter Efifiofi cml'is, (the other being the Dean,as he is mentioned in the FirftPartcf the Prefent State.) Moreover, the Office of an Archdeacon is upon the Bifhops Mandate to indu^ Clerkes into their Benefices, and thereby to give them poflieflion of all the Profits belonging thereto. Many Archdeacons have by Prefcriftkn their Courts and Officials, as Bifliops have; whereof more hereafter. After Archdeacons are the Archhresbperi, or RuralDeanSjfo called perhaps at fitft for their o- verfight of fame ten Pariffi Priefts', their Office is now upon Orders to convocate the Clergy, to fignifieto them, fometimes by Let¬ ters, the Bilhops pleafure, 'and to giw In- duflion for the Archdeacon, living afar off. Next are to be confidered thePriefts of every particularParilTi, who are Commonly called the Reffors, unlefs the Predial Tythes are Impro¬ priated,and then they areftiled Vicars,yff# wee pngthtei funmtes'iiklrm. Their 'Office is to take care of all their.Pariftioners Souls, and like good Shepherds.' to handle every particular Sheep apart-, to Catechife the ignorant, re- ducethe ffiraying, confirm the wavering, con¬ vince the obftinate,reprehend tte wicked, con- fute Schifmaticks, reconcile differences among Neighbors, to exercife the power of bmding and loofing of Souls, as occafionihall offer,to, read duly Divine Service,to adminifter the holy Sacraments, to vifit the Sick,to Marry ,to Bury, to render publick Thanks after Child-bearing, to keep aRegifter of all the Marriages, Chrifl- nings and Burials, that lhall happen within the Parifh, to read Divine Service or Homilies ap-' pointed by Authority,and (if the Bilhop thinks fit) to read or fpeak by Heart their own Con-’ ceptions in the Pulpit. 8 ? 5 ; Laftly, Deacons, whofeOfficeis, to take care of the Poor, Baptize, Read in the Church, sffiftthePrieftatthe Lords Supper, by gi¬ ving the Cup only. After this brief Account of Ecciefiaftical Perfons, fomewhat may here, not unfitly, be added, touching thofePerfons, who,, though not in Holy Orders, yet have a peculiar Rela¬ tion to the Church, and are pafi femi-EcdefuJli- ci. As, Firft,.Patrons of Churches, who, by firft Building of Churches, or firfi: endowing them with Lands, have obtained for them and their Heirs a Right of Advowfon orPatronage, whofe office and Duty is, to propofe a fit Clerk (when the Church is void) to the Bifhop,tobe by him Canonically inftituted, and to proteft the faid Church,asfar as he can,from all wrong, and in cafe his Clerk prove unfit for the place, to give notice to th* Bilhop.' Part II, C ■ Bud: Butthereyerarjncottvenieijcies^ftjiiVr^'t of Pretenfion have beep.-of - late.year’s ,fo ’ great, that it is to be wiflied that all the Ad- vbwfons in no.t'now in the Crown, were,by fome publick.Tax, gurchafed andfet^ led for ever in the Crown, that fo aiiParIbns and Vicars (as well as Bifliops, Deans,, and Prebendaries) may have their dependence up¬ on the Kings bounty only, (as all the Clergy in fome Reformed Churches now have>nd-not upon any mean, covetous, illiterate,, faflious, heterodox, fimonical, or facrilegious Patron; by which one means,all theEngliJh Clergy muft fijon become Loyal, Orthodox, and Unanimous. ,,Notei that although the gift of the higher Dignities in the Church of England, as Billiop- ricksand Deanaries are only in the King, in whom is alfo the Donation of moft Prebends andCanonicates,and very many great,and fome fmaller Parfonages, which are under thevifita- tionjof theBilhopsand Archbifliops, yet there are fome Donatives and Free Chappels, which arefubjeflto theVifitation only of the Lord ■Chancellor,and wholly exempted from the Ju- rifdiftionof anyBilhop. Next are the Oeunomi, mel Ecclefie Guardi- m, the Churchwardens, whofe Office is, to fee that the Church be in good repair, fitly adorn¬ ed, and nothing wanting for Divine Service, Sa- -crament,and Sermons: That the Church-yard ■fie Efficiently Bounded or Inclofed , that there be an exact Terrier of the Glebe Land ; and if any thing,belonging to the Church, be detain- edjtofueforthe famejto obferve,that allPari- jlhioners come daily to DivineService,to require the penalty for abfence, to enquire after,to ad. nnonilh, andtoprefent to the Bifliop fcan- Paru. U°e Pulpit, uhlefs Ke liatH a' fpetia Licence fo to do. ThdChiircli-w'ardehs are elefled ev^ E,pr week,ufually byLhC Patfon and Panffi^ oners, if ftev fo agree; if npt, then.one by we S She ortier by tLePaiiftione^ There are al(b in greater Panflies joyned with theChurchcVardens,r and as the tipper - Houfe had,and ftiil hath,Lords Spiritual as well as Temporal; fo in the Lower Hodfe, there were always Commohs Spiritual as well asXem- yoraljfor that Record faith expredy,- that the : Commons inParliament confiftofthfeeBegrees or kinds;Firft, Ex Frc'cumorihus Cleric" Second- ly,MilUiksCmiUimnf, Thirdly, Ex Burgerifi- im.- And the Words of the Writ direfled'how to the Fmurattm Cleri, Teem to give them the ,rery laraerightto.fit in that-Houfe], as,'the Words of the Writ to the Knights, . . Citizens, and Burgefles, do giveto them,.'. : ;.l' . All the Members of both Houfes of Convoca¬ tion have the fame Priviledges forThemfelves and Menial Servants, as theMemberspfParlia- aient have,, and that by Statute. The Archbiftop of Tiri, at the fame time holdsat Tirin'Convocation of all his Province in like manner, and,by conftant correfpondence, doth debate and condudeof the fame Matters, asaredebated and concluded by the ProvinciM Synod of Canierlury. Kow for the Executive P ower in Church- matters throughout the Kingdom of England, there have been provided divers excellent CourtSj whereof the higheft for Criminal Cau- Tes was the High-Comrniffion Court; for Ju* rifdifiion whereof, it vyas enafted Frimo £• ii^dethx, that Her Majefty and Succeflbrs fiiould have Power by Letters Patents, under the Great Seal, to nominate Gommiffioners to exercife Jurifdiflion throughout the whole Realm: to 'Vifit, Reform, andlcorreft ail Er¬ rors,. Herefies, SchifmSjAbufes, and Delinquen¬ cies, .partx. Of E NGL AN cies, thatmay^ by anEcdeffafticalPower, be “xteCouriSSof the Higheft Perfons of Emlmd\nthe Church and State,,and was the Principal Bulwark and Prefer^tive of the. Church of E»gto5 made by the Bifliop,, Partz. OtEN&LAND, (X 4m M by. fame of their neighbor¬ hood to their Oaths, or the Party acculed to his Oath eiO^ciu, fo called, becaufethe Eccle- fiaftieal Judge doth it, n 4cio fim,whkhis very antient, and was ufual among the Jew, fo> fiuit to Aibnx, Fili mi, trike glorkm, &c. So God himfelf to^efnvdtio ah Ofiaot when a sSvSssrpgSsr-f frr«s.i.s?4?'4' care to ibehave themdelves. MhJ' as MKm- ^ €!9e4»p!iiK^ee’< : ■Goas,Heritage',' not as abfblute Mafters over Krvants, t&igainiby theirpunininien:ts,but as sFathers bverChiidren, for their amendment -andias'teing Midifters'in-'^ Sjiiritaal Affairs, -tb'iflfe their power for- the good Ofthriffl. ahSyipn^lfo'tQiidua'tiat -power by 'modera. C«AP. CHAP. I. Of the Parliament (?/ .E^gU0d, therein of the Perfon fmmm, the manner of the -SmtnWh. Perfons fummoned, their Pnvi- lediet’, the place and mne^ of Siam-, the />#»g of ther Houfe, thepaffingef M[ oi Parliament, of Adjomtng, Pre- -rogHing, and Dijlolvtng of Par¬ liaments. A Brief A^couBt of. A veramsiicrh^vina-ljeen f \ lows the Civil Government, ,;S,ich,SftS>:eatWheeU:tlmtniOV«..Bth^ Pariiaraentof England. Tlefore the Conqueft, the Great Counol of the King, confifting only of the Great Men of S great£o?s%ffirm) only of the Great Men ofthe Nation;untill the R^ignof * Third, the Commons alfo were called to Sit n Srliament; for thefirft Writs, tobefoiindm Records, fentforthta fummon them , bears date 49 H. 3 . about 400 years ago. 44 NonebuttheKinghathauthoritytofummoH a Parliament; In the Kings abfence out of the Kemrn, the Cu/losRegni, in the Kings Name, dothfummona Parliament; and, during the Kings minority within the Realm, thePrOtear doth the fame. Ko Parliament can begin without the Kings S'TCSS''”"’ ofKn^Wis with hisParlii.. of Peace, he is, then faid'to he Jnthehei^ithof hisRoyal Dignity, as well as ^2dof his Army, in time of War, There is then-fcarce any thing that - theKingcannotdo, his Power cannot be con- nn«d for Caufes or Perfons within any bounds. He can, with the concurrence of his lords and Commons, legitimate one that is born illegiti. niate, baftardize one that is born legitimate, mt IS to fay, one begotten , in Adultery, the HHsband'being then within the four Seas. He can make an Infant of full Age, make an Alien or Foreigner an EngUjhmm, can attaint a man of Treafon when he is dead,when he isnomore a Man, isc. A Parliamentisfuramonedinraannerfollow- rffn’ About forty days before the Parliament dothAffemble, the King iffues out his Writ, Cum AdvifmsntoCmfilii fm, and the Warrant is, Per Regem. ^ Conjilium. The Kings Writ (which is,alhort tetter or tpiltlej IS direfied and fent to every particu¬ lar perfon ofthe Lords Spiritual and Temporal, the lords Spiritual, in Fide <1? Djleajm i and the Lords Temporal, ter Fidem Adegiantum, to appear at a certain time and place, to Treat, and give their Advice in fome Part t. of. E-,N G t A N t). - 45^' certain importaiit Affairs, concerning the Church and State, -a c Other Writs are Cent to the Sheritt w each County, tofummon the people to elett two Knights for each County, two Citizens for each City, and one or two Burgeffes for each ] Eurrough, according to Stmte , Charter , or - f Inthefe Eleftions, antiently all the people ihad their Votes, and moft Votes carriea it j j but for avoiding of tumults and trouble, it was Enafted by H.6.that none Ihould have any Sut- i frage in the Eleftion of Knights of the Shire, ■ but fuch as were Freeholders, did reiide m the ! County, and had yearly Revenue40s.(which, I tillthedifcoveryoftheGoldandSilverin ^»ie- i rka was as much as jo or 40 /. now) whence it : came to pafs,that the Lay-Commons were then ■ eleaedastheClergy-Commons, theTromato- ' - res CUrivittt, and ever have been, i/iy. [me ’ freie, fine Vretio, [me Potulo, &c. Yet there wTs then, as now, this Defea or Abfurdity, I That whereas all Eng/i/SwcK, who have con- fiderableEftates, ought not to be Taxt with- : out their own Confent in Parliament by thera- felves or by their Reprefentatives ^ yet Copy- : holders in England, whereof there are very ma- ' nv.who have a thoufand poundsa year, have m voice in the Eleftions of Knights of the Shire. The PerfonsElefted for each County, are to be Milites mabiles, oratleaft,Elquires, or Gentlemen, fit to be made Knights, as it is in the Statutes of H. 6. They ought to be de diferetioribus miitihus, iS ad kborandum fcten- tUribus, as the Words in fome Writs have been: they ought not to be ofyounger years^ forthenit would be Juvenatus (_ ft [ic Icqui li- ceat) potius quam Semtus, not lazy Epicures , but Men of years,ivigorouSja'Qive,and abftemimis Men, that will be contentlto'give flieit con- ftanf^tteii'dancein-PartiaHient, od'elfeto en¬ joy neither Priviledgfe nor-ESpence's,allowed to every Member of the Gbmtiimis-Houfe. They ought to be iiziWe Engliflmtfti or at leaft, fuel] ashavebeen NaturalizedbyAtStcif Parliament; No Alien or Denizen, none of the Twelve Judgesj noSherilF of a Countyjno Eeclefiafti- ahPerfonjthat hath' enre of Soi!lE,may be cho- feft a Parliament-man, to fervefor any Coun¬ ty, City, orEorOugh. Two things are faid to be reejuiflte to the le¬ gality of fitting in Parliamerit;' Firft, That a manfliouldbeof foil age, thatis,21 yearsold at leaft; for if rio man'lindet that age can dif- pofe of his Eftate, nor cart make ohe legal Aft to that piirpofe, then much lefs may he bear any povver in theSapiream power of the Nation, to Judge, Vote, ordifpofe ofthe Eftate of the whole Realm: yet the praftife in the Houfe of Commons'Cthougli very rarely in theHoufeof Lords) bathoft bsen ■otherwife. All Members of PJrliamertt, both Lords-and Commons, that they niay attend th'e publick Service of their Countrey,are priviledged,with their Menial Servants, attending on their per- fons, together with all their neceflary Goods brought along with them; from, all Attach¬ ments andimprifonmentsfor Debts, Trelpaf- fes, Account, or Covenant, alT the time that they are on the way to th'e place'of Parliament, all the time they are bn the way home again, Eundt^ Mormdo, ad frapria Redmdo (for'fo were the 61 d words) but they are not priviledged from Arrefts forTreafon, Felony, of breach The place,of mpetiofifor; this-High-Mch^o. , noiirSile'Bfesfiljlyi; -iSj' .in; 4 *t 51 » i Town,:'oY-%ilg,,m Kjn&.pfea^tli.i ,but,,of ' lattertimts, ic;hatirt)fldh:Hrually!,held at the ' Kings'ahti'ent,'Palacej',and.ii(ua"l,fi’efi 4 ®‘'‘^^ ^1" ■ hll'ths-Lofds-dn’. a-fair room by ! themfelvds, aPd the Commons, not far .from* i them in atioteer.fair.rbom,: which-, Was,.beigr, I tofore the.atltiertf frei'Chappe}-ef!, 5 f(iSfff/>w ‘ The ‘manrie'r-bf Sitting, m the Lords «ouf?' The. King, as oft. as he comes (.which hath ufually.been only at the opening, ofParlia- ments,or.at the pairing of Bills, or at Ibme fo- leinn Debates, as the prefent'King. hath_fre- quently done) is-placed at tlie upperiend-.otf.ths Room'in a Chair of State, under a Cloth of State, under which,on either hand,are none but the Kings’Children. . . . On the.Kings right hand is a Seat, antiently for the King ofScoi/ijnd, when he was futnmon-. ed to Parliament, as he fometimes was, in Fi¬ de il? Leg\ii!it!U ; but now It is for the Prince of Wdis. On the Kings left hand is a Seat for the Duke of Tor^ . ■ On the Kings right hand, and next.the Wallj : are placedlon a Form, thetwo Archbilhops-^ ' next below, on another Form, theBilhopsof ■ Lmdcn, Purham, .and Wmbefter ; then,upon o- ther Forms on the fame fide, all the reft of the Biftiopsfit, according to the Priority, of their Confecration. , On the Kings left Hahd, upon Forms, are placed th^ Lord's,Chancellor, Treafurer, Prefi- dent of the Kings Council, and Lord Privy- Seal, if they are Barons, above all Dukes, ex^ ceptthofeof the Royal Family^ if thay are jiotBarons, then they fit uppermoft on the Woolfa'cks. ■ bn tlie faiiie fide fit'tte‘bufe[ Mdfqtieitesj ahdEarles, according ta'their Creations.'' Upon the firft Form;'acrofs theHoufe, be- lowtheWoolfacks, fit the'Vifcounfs, and up. on the next Form, the Barons,, all in order. , The'Lbrd dhanceilbr,orK'eeper,(ifthe'Kin'g be'prefent, Hands behind the Cloth ofEftate, otherwile fits on the firft Woolfack, thwart the Chair of'State, his Great Seal and Mace by him!' He is Lord Sfiakfroi the Lords Hc«/e.Up- on other IVoolficks fit the luiges, the Vrhy ComJeUorf, and Secretaries of State, the King’s Council at Lav, the Matters of Chancery Thefe, being not Barons, have no Suffrage in Parlia¬ ment, only fit to give their Advice, when it is required. The reafon why thefe Sages are pla¬ ced upon Waolficis, may probably be, to mind them of the great importance ot Wool m\ Sheep to this Nation,that it never be neglefted. On the lowermoft Woolfackj are placed the Clerks of the Croan, now Htnrp Barker, Efq. and Clerk of the Parliament, at prefent Jcfo Srswn, Efq; whereof the former is concerned in all Writs of Parliament, and Pardons in Par¬ liament ; the other recordeth all things done in Parliament, and keepeth the Records of the fame. This Clerk hath al fo two Clerks under him, who kneel behind the fame PTor/yic/i and write thereon. Without the Bar of the Lords Houfe,fits the Kiug’sfirftGentleman-Ufher,cal¬ led the BlackKod, from a black Staff he carries in his hand, who is at prefent Sir Edvard Cart¬ wright, under whom is a Yeoman-Ulller, that waits at the door within, a Cryer without, and a Sergeant at Mace, always attending the Lord Chancellor. When the King is prefent with his Crown on his Head, none of the Lords are cotvered. The 49 Vart» ,0l ENGL and; The Judges ftand, till the King gives them afirorfliouldbedonebyall that enter in- ‘"fhejSesSTimySS^^^^ may sot be coSetJ^theCha^ell^^^^ aim nf the Table. They never had any Robes, ' ihfheSth'^KlSXnS^^^^ 2£isSHj;'o!Ss-.t as it doth all the Noble both young iSlbsi=*s fals whi h are celebrated but once a year, '^’^h^dreday prefixt by the Rmg m h.s writs of Summons is come, the Kmg uluaiiy cometh in Perfon with his Crown on His Head, and clothed with his Royal ^fnaraSe' thecaufe of the Summons m/ tort mrai, ue^ leaving the reft to the Lord Chancellor, Part II. ^ then ftands behind His Majefty; the Commons, in the mean time Handing bare at the Bar of the Lords Houfe; are afterwards m the Kings Name, commanded to choofe them a Speaker (which without the Kings Command they may not do) whereupon they, returning to their ownHoufe, make choice of one of their own Members, whom afterwards, upon another day, they prefentto the King, and being approved of by His Majefty, fitting in His Chair, and all His Lords,both Spiritual and Temporal,m their Robes of Scarlet, he makes amodeft relulal; which not allowed, he petitioneth His Majelty, that the Commons may hive, during their lu¬ ting ; Firft, A free accefs to His lA&yfty. Se¬ condly, Freedom of Speech in their omt Houfe, < Thirdly, Freedom from Arrefis- Before any affair be medled with , all the Members of the Houfe of Commons take the ffence of an ofecer appointed byrtking^and oflate, they are all,=fter the choice of a Speak¬ er,to declare their opinion apainft theDoftrines ofTranfubftantiation, Invoc ;tion , and Ado¬ ration of Saints,and'he Saciificeof the Mafs, which Teft the Lords alfo are now obliged to take in their Houfe, before they can Sit and Debate upon any Affair. By tlieoldManufcript, called Modus icmnii Tmlumentum, though it be not fo old as fome Learned Men have imagined, it doth appear as afore-mentioned. That the Hpufe of Commons ■did antiently (as the Houfe of Lords at this day)cortfift ofClergy-menaswell as Lay-men; -there fate the ProcKMiores Cleri, two for each ■Diocefs, reprelenting all the Clergy-Cornmons -of theDlocefs, as the Knights of the Shire do all the Lay-Commons of the Shirte; for it was Paru. >o|-EWLAND:. St then iudged expedient, that every Freeman rf Slnd^ well Clergy as Uity,fhould in paf- (ini of all Laws touching propriety, where- unto they-were to be rubjea,give,their confent Tierfonally, or immediately by themfelves, or ES fome, that by their Ekaion ftould immediately undertakefor them,and the words of the Writ for fummoning the C/ei i. asaforefaid, feemto warrant the fame ^'"BefidesJ it is certain by an that in the 49th ofHenrj the III.^ were fentout for fummoning andBurgeffes; there were at the fame time^^ of parliament,are divers and diftma one from ^"xhf Lords Houfe hath a Power, not only in : creesin Ck««r|. ^r. j j; inform The Lords, that m wcmb hale 1 ?lS“in 1 h^^ aS^Temporal have or other bufinefs, they cannot appear, they may make their Proxies to Vote in their ftead, after Licence obtained by a Letter under the King’s Signet„ to be excufed for their abfence, fothat in every Parliament, every perfon. in Englmi, either by himfelforProxy, or Repre- fentative, is faid to be there, and to have his Suffrage for making or repealing any Law. ■ The Commons have alfo a power m making and repealing Laws,they alfo have their Nega¬ tive voice j for Levying of any Money upon the Subjeft.the Bill begins in the Commons Houfe, becaufe from them doth arife the greater part of Moneys. TheCoramons have the priviledge to f’j- plicateandpropofeXaws, Cc ;acii inibf,:- Delinquents, even the hig^.- ir Lurdv ni iji-; Kingdom, both and Tempetai. The Houfe of Commons is theGrar.d inq.ieft of theRealm,fummcned from all pans to prc- fent publick Grievances, Delinquent^ to the King and Lords, to he rcdrefled e ' punifh^.l by them \ and to this p.m pofe the Lo ds f’ a ■tlieir Robes on the Bench ^ Dv.ered, as Judges do in other Judicatories; i eprivear andexa- •mine Witnefles: and at length o-ds Sentence, whilft th;- Members of the Common^-Houfe ftand bare at the Bar of the Lords Houfe, pro¬ duce WirnelTes, manage Evidences, iSc. Note, That although every Member of the Comraons-Houfe be chofen to ferve for one par¬ ticular Couni V, City,or Bovough,yethe ferves for the whole Kingdom, and his Voice equal to ■ any other, his Power abfolute to confent or diffent, without ever acquainting thofe that fenthim, or demanding their Affent, as the States-General of the vnitid Hetherlunils are obliged to do in many Cafes. Part»;- of ENGLAND. I Yetare they to make it their fpecial care, to Di-omotethe good of that County, City, or Lrough, for^^hich they ferve,and-from which heretofore they ufually did receive Intouamns and Direaions concerning their Grievances, "^AlthoSh the Lords of Parliament are to bear their own charges,becaufe they reprefent thereonlythemfelvelyet all theCommons both Lav and Clergy, that is, the Pmumtorts Ckn, zcltohzvemmdiles Emnfts, ps of the Writ arc) that is, King, confideringthepriaes of all tkinp, ftall judge meet to impofe upon the people o p y, in the n Edv. II- it was Ten Groats for Knights, ^and Five Groats for BurgelTes, but not long after it was Four Shillings a ^aj for dubbed Knights,and two Shilhngsfor aj which, in tLfedays, as appears by the pmes of all things, , was a not twenty times more, than n. -‘s "ow , only their expcnces were confidered, though that was great, by reafon ofthe fuitable atten¬ dance thaf then f f‘f alfo their pains, their lofs of fary neglea of their ownpnvateaffairs, for the ferviceff their Countrey ties Cities, and Boroughs paid fo dear, for their expences, they were wont to take care to chufe fuch Menus were beft abieand moft di¬ ligent in the fpeedy difpatch of afFairs,by which mf ans, with fomeother, more bufinefs inthofc “ was difpatched in Parliament in a week, toisnmvpeWinten: So that, the Ero- teaions for Parliament-Men,andtheirservants f™mArrefts,were not then grievous when fcarce any Parliament or Seffion lafted fo long as one of the four Terras now at Wejimwjltr. D 3 tn Jn the Reign of Eda. 3. the Parliament fate fometimes but eight days, and fometimes lefs, as may be feen in the Records of the Twer,and yettranfafted feveral and weighty affairs ofthe Nation, many things being prepared before- hand,(as fome think) by the King and his Privy Council, as they are at prefent in Saedeu by the forty Counfellors of State, and as in Scot- land by the Lords of the Articles 5 and that commonly they then debated only upon fuch things, as the King did propofe, which is ftill done by the Convocation of the Clergy of Ecngdoni- The afore-mentioned expences being duly paid, did caufe all the petty decayed Boroughs of Evgknd to become humble Suitors to the King, that they might not be obliged to fend Surgefles to Parliament; whereby it came to jpafs, that divers were unburgeffed, as it was jin particular granted to Chijifmg-, or Nlarket- icnitm, upon their Petition; and then the number ofthe Commons Houfe being fcarce halfe fo many as at prefent, their Debates and fills were fooner expedited, no Fatlion among them,nor diftinaion of Parties, but altogether, by a bleffed unanimity amongft them Pelves, and complyance with the Lords, rarely dcnyed any thing to the King, and as rarely weredeiiyed ■anything by the King. The manner of Debates of pauingof Bills ' and Afts, it thus: Itistheprafticeof each Houfe, to debate, not only what the King hath propofed, but of any other Lay-Matter, unlefs their Sovereign fhall exprefly forbid the fame, as heretofinrc hath fometimes been done, ■ It is free for any Man of the Parliament, or •■not of the Parliament, to get a Bill drawn by fome Parti' Jf ENGLAND. jSi 'ggisS? mons-Houfe. in Writing, and calls ^ {-^11 commonly after nine . jjy reiefted at Affembly, indthen firft, or ec^taif immber of tbe it is committed to a certa -jg^aConi. Houfe, Prf^tly "®?l"SmCTded and twice mittee. After ‘t^^e Houfe, then it is read two feveral days f Parchment, «a]sHf&”cS demandeth, if they i^zvi’^ if the it,^hen it is written on the- Sch iMt ’taws,the frefuredto ie {ut as they come up to the i-oras dm, f recent fSitate ber that hath the Bill, making three profound reverences,delivereth it to theLordChancellor, who, for that purpofe, comes down to the Bar. ■ A Bill fent by the Lords to the Commons, is ufually fent by fome of the Matters of the ChMtery, or other perfon, whofe place is on the Woolfacks, (and by none of the Members of that Houfe) and they coming up to the Speaker, and bowing thrice, deliver to him the Bill, after one of them hath read the Tic tie, and defired it may be there taken into Confideration ^ ifafterwards it pafsthat Houfe, then it is written on the Bill, Lis Cmimms m In MelTages of great importance, the Lords make ufe of one or two of the Chief Judges to go to the Houfe of Commons. When any one in the Commons Houfe will fpeaktoaBill, he ftands up uncovered , and direfls his Speech only to the Speaker; then if what he delivers be confuted by another,yet it is not allowed to anfwer again the fame day, left the whole time fliould be fpent by two talkative perfons. Alfo if a Bill be debating in the Houfe, no man may fpeak to it in one day above once, unlefs the whole Houfe be turned into a Commitee, and then every Member may reply as oft as he judges is expedient. If any one fpeak words of oftence to the Kings Majefty, or to the Houfe, he is called to the Bar, and fometimes fent to the 7mr. The Speaker is not allowed to perfwade or diffivade in patting of a Bill, but only to make a Ihort and plain Narrative, nor to Vote, except the Houfe be equally divided. After Dinner the Parliament ordinarily Af- fembles not, though many times they continue Sitting long in the Afternoon. Committees fit after Dinner, where it ,is al¬ lowed Part».;.0!;:EN:GI*ANp; lowed toTpeak,andreply.asoft as they pjeafe. In theLords Houfe they-give their SufiFrages or Votes,, beginning at the Puifm, or. loweft Baron, and fothe.reftSerw/i®, everyone an- fwering apart, ICintent, ot m Cciitent.i In the Houfe of Commons, .they. Vote fiy ji-a’s and Nd’s altogether.-, and if it be doubt-- ful, whether is the greater Number, then, the ffo’saretogo forth, and the Njs are-to lit. ftilhfbecaufethefe areeontent with thejr pre- fent condition, without any alteratiomof Laws, as the other' defire) and fome are appointed to number them - but at a Committee,though it be of the whole Houfe, as is fometimes, the yea’s go on one fide , and the Na’s on the other, whereby they,may..be' ^'^If^Bili pafs in one Houfe , and -being font, to the other Houfe, they demur upon it, then a Conference is demanded in the Vdntd Chm- ter, where certain deputed Members of each- Houfe meet, the Lords fitting covered at aja- ble, the Commons ftanding bare with greaye- fpea, where the bufinefs is debated; if they then agree not, that bufinefs is nulled: but f- thevalree, then it is atlaftbroughtfwiCh alL other Bills which have pafled m both Houfes) to the King, who comesagain with his .Crown, on hisHead, and clothed.with His Royal Robes ['fometimes before His pleafure is, to Prorope, or Diffolve them)and beingSeated m His Chair of State, and all the Lords in their Robes, the,' Clerk-of the Crown reads the Title of eap Bill, and as he reads, the Clerk of the Parlia¬ ment, according to his Inftruaions from the King, who before hath maturely ronfidered each Bill, pronounceth the Royal AlTent. If it be 3 publick Bill, the Anfwer is,(Ie Rcy le w»/,) mm fliefem which gives Life and Birth to that Bill, that was before but an If a private Bill, the Aufweris, (Soilfait come il eft defire.) U it be a publick Bill, which the King likes not, then the Anfweris, (ie Rop’vifera) which is taken for an abfolute denial, in amore civil way, and that Bill wholly nulled. So that it is as true in England, infome fence; as in any Monar¬ chy in the World, Quod Trimift placuH legis habet vigorem ; Not that whatever the King oi England Wills, becomes immediately a Law, but nothing, except what the King Wills, hath the force of Law. Note, That the King mthout his ferfinal Pre¬ fence, can, bp CommifftoK granted to feme of His Hobles, give His Ropal Afent to any Bill that requires hafte. If it be a Bill for Moneys given to His Ma- lefty, then the Anfweris (ie Roji remercie fes loyax fajets, accepte leur Benevolence, aujfi le nieut) which antient ceremony of thanking the Subjeftfor parting with their Money, fome think might better be fpared, becaufe it inti¬ mates adiftinfi: intereft between the King and HisSubjeas, which is not only falfe, but very dangerous to be allowed of. The King is Pa¬ ler Patri£, the Money given to him, is for our afeand Benefit; if we are niggardly to him, we injure our felves, The Bill for the Kings General Pardon; hath but one Reading in either Hoiife, for thisreafon, becaufe they muft take it, as the King will pleafe to give it, fo the Bill of Subfidies granted by the Clergy, Alfembled in Convocation for the fame reafon, WhentheBill for the General Pardon is palled by. the King, the Anfwer is thus, {Lespreiats Seigmurs Part»: erENGLANDi. p-’ Simms 1 ? Cmmmes en it TiHmmt m nm it tom ws autm Sujtts, mmitnttrts hudlmentnoirtMoitJltiS priest Omvm dot- m in fonte knni w ^ Itngut- , „ . . p All aSs of Parliaments before the Reign of Hm. 7. were paired and enrolledinirmi, now ’"Moll’ofonr antient A^sof Parliament, run in this Style: Ik Kmg nttk kmUtm^f if th Commons, v>ith ik Jftnt oftkVrdm, Vukss, Ends, and Bams, f aHid- After, it was thus, Tk King, 07 ikAd- ■vice and Afint of tk Lords Sfiriml and Torn- ■ pral, andmthtk Afint of tk Common;, doth Enaa. Of latter times it hath been thus; St it Enaatd by tk Kings moft ExiiBint KlayMy and with tkAdviie andCovfmi of the Lords. Sfi- ritual and rmiforal, and of ik Como^ al-- though the words of the Writ for fummfomng theCommons, (which ought to be the mam : Rule) is only ad Confintimdum, lilmmimfmdenim, as it is >n the Lords; and it is evident that theCommons, in the late Long Parliament, made that an ad- vantage,forjuftifyingtheirUfurpation»againft' the King in that point. And fo in another Par- - liament, the Commons endeavoured to mam. tain, that the Concurrence or the Lords was ■ not always necefiary m Afts of Parhamen^ becaufe x Edio.6. c.p.5, m paffing that M aeainft Tranfportation of Horfes, the Lordo - wre cafually omitted, yet by the Regifter of the Lords Houfe,it appears,that that Bdl began firft in the Lords Houfe, and there pafled, be- - fore theCommons took it in debate; and there- - fore the Kings Council at Law is very curious- in wording rightly all A£ls, before they are • bioughttothe Sing,and the Clerksoflk^y^r^ - liament are careful in Tranfcribing’and Regi¬ ftring them; However, it is to be wiflied, that to prevent future mifchief to this Nation,fome Claufes inthelateAftof 03 /iwHand Indmi- nity, might be amended, or at leaft explained, and more efpecially about the beginning of that Aft, thefe words, Thitt all manner a/Treafom, January 1637, and kfirejune 1660: by virtue of any Authority from His late Majejl, R-wg Charles, or His mayfly that>m is, he p,. doned, &c.) which words might poffibly be foifted in delignedly,toinfinuate,as if (accord¬ ing to that moft Abfurd, and Traiterous Po- fifion offomeoftherebelhous Members of the Long Parliameny the Kings Perfon , or any Comniilfionated by him , could be guilty of Treafon againft the Kings Authority ,or againft His Two Houfes of Parliament, by purfuingof Rebels, to bring them to Juftice,_ according to the Laws of the Land. It were alfo to be deli- red, that to prevent the great dillionour of ma- Kilig fo many additional, and explanatory A& of Parliament,fofrequently,as hath of late been done, ail confiderable Bills of Publick Concern- ment,once read in either Houfe of Parliament, may, before they be paffed, be expofed to the view of all Comers, (as antiently among the RwMwtyasufualJ.tothecnd, that any other Perfon (befides thofeofthe two Houfes) may, within the fpace of certain days,freely propofe m Writing, or otherwife, his Exceptions, Ad¬ ditions, Alterations,, or Amendments. Sed me mter. When thofe things, for which the Parlia- ment . was fummoned, have been fufficiently treated and brought to a conduiion , then the njng doth ufually Adjourn, Prorogue, or Dif- -olvethe Parliament in manner following. ' The Part a... Of -XN G L A N. The Adjournments are urually made in the lords Houfe,. by the Lord Chancellor in the Kings Name, to what other day the King plea- feth, and alfo to what other place, if he think fit to remove them, as foraetimes hath-been done, and then all things already debated and read, in one or both Honfes, continue tO' the .nextMeeting in the fame ftate they were in before the AdjoU: nment, and fo may be refu- raed. In the like manner the Parliament is Pro- rogued; but by a Prorogation there is a Selii- on, and then the Bills that were almoft ready in bothHoufes for the Royal AflTent, not having it,muft,at the re-aflembling of the Parliament, begin anew. The Speaker of the Houfe of Commons,upon notice given, that it is tlie Kings pleafure hat Houfe lhall alfo Adjourn, doth fay, with the Affent of the Houfe, This Houfe is Afymiei-. When the Kings Pleafure is to Prorogue, or OiffolVe the Parliament, His Majefty common¬ ly cometh in Perfon, with his Crown on His Head, fendeththeBte^Raiiforall the Houfe of Commons, to come to the Bar of the Lords Houfe, and after the Kings Anfwer to_ each Bill fignified, as afore-mentioned, His Majefty ufu . ally makes a Solemn Speech , the Lord Chan¬ cellor another, and the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons a third. Then the Lord Chan¬ cellor by the fpecial Command of the King, doth pronounce the Parliament Prorogued or Difiblved, Note, that the King being Head of the Par¬ liament, if his Death doth happen during the of the Parliament, it is, iffc Anti', fitting folved. '43 Antiently, after every Seffion of Parliament, the King commanded every Sheriff to pro¬ claim the feveral Afls, and to caufe them to be duly obferved j yet without that Proclaraati- on, the Law intended, that every one hath notice by his Reprefentative, of what is trail- fafled in Parliament: of latter times, fince Printing became common, thatcuftora hath been laid afide. Ig.-ENGLAND. 6i % 64 1^4- Tk mrnkr of Tcrfons tUt have Place and Suffrage inhth Boufes. T Here belongs now to the H 0 U S E OF LORDS. Two Pwicsof the Royal Blood, ^ ^ Nine other I>ttkts, wy. o TwoMar?Kc/«, Sixty nine Earli,^ 'oiZ- Eight Vifmnts, iii^’ Sixty Cour Barons, vi^. InoJlOne hundredfify Then there are two Arcbbilhofs, f And four and twenty wK' So tbit the total k One hundred and eight}, o TotheHOUSE of COMMONS belong, citizens, vi^. „ „ J Eor th,e\ght CintueM S^tceaBarons ■:h For thetrfo Unhex&ties,tvio Burgefeskt V ■ ’cach;:isfoiir, c/Chefl:er. Two County of Cornwal Diinhivid a/irfjLancefton Two Borough of Leskard. Two Borough of Lefwithiel. Borough of Tnw. Borough of Bodvvin. Two Borough of Hellion. Two Borough of Saltalh. Two Borough of Gamelford. Two Borough of Port-Pigham 0/1(0 Weftow. Two Borough of Crampound Two Borough of Eafllow Two Borough of Penryn * Two Borough of Two Borougbof Boliiney Two Boroughof St, hes. TW’o Borough of Foway Two Borough of St, Germans Two Borough of Michel Two Borough of Newport Two Borough of St. Mawes Two Borough of Killinton. Two Part 2. OfENGtAM^ 67 County of Cumberland City of Carlifle Borough of Gockermoutn, County of Derby Borough of Derby > Two Two Two Two Two County of Devon city of Exeter Borough of Totnes. Borough of Plyjnouth Toton of Okehampton Borough of Barnftable Borough of Plympton. Borough of Honipm Borough of Taviftock. Tom of AOthttilon Borough of Clifton,Dartmouth B^rngtc/Belrafton. Borough of Tiverton. Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two ,i|jfHatclnes.Two Two Two County of Derfet Tom of Pool. .. Bow^i-o/Dorchefter, Borough of Lime-Regis* Borough of Weymouth Two Two Two Two Two Borough ^^68 iljefent tmugh of Melcombe-Regis, Xwo Borough of BrMport, Two Borough of Sha&oi), ■■ ■ Two Borough of Wareham, Two Borough of Goif-CMe, Two mtunfo County of Durham, Two City 0/Durham, Two f Bounty of Efkx, Two Borough of Colchefter, Two Borough of Mildin, Two , Borough of Harwich, _ Two Cnaa/jio/Gloucefter, Two City of Gloucefter, Two Borough of C\rence&tT, Two Borough cf Tewksbury, ' Two te/jic/Hereford, Two 0/Hereford',. . Two Borough of Lemp&et, Two Borough of Webly, Two Bounty of Hertford, ' . Two ■ Borough IpartJ.^Ol ENGLAND. ']Simghcf5i- Alkm. :3 p™^Ac/'H ertford. Two Two '■ Cernity ef Huntingdon. ; Sonngh of Huntington. . Two Two mnt . Cmnty of Kent, City of Canterbury, CUy of Rochefter,. . Borough of JJaiidftone, •' B5Wgi'’/Quinboroug!i, Two Two Two Two Two Ccuoiy of Lancafler, ’ Bsr.«4o/Lancafter,' Korougho)TTomofVte?ton, ini Aiuoiindernets, 1 Two Txvo Two Borough of Ne w Town, Bmoughof Wigon ■ Borough of Clithero, ; Borough c/Leverpool, Two Two Two Two )Letcef^e¥ii^^uei County of Leicefter, , Tom of Leicefter, Two Two WcoWfye. . , County of Lincoln, Two at} 70 Cityoj Lincoln. Two Bmugb of Bo&on. Two Borough of Grout Grimsby. Two Town of Stamford. Two Bcmgi ^/Grantham. ' Two County of Middlefey; Two Wjio/Weftminfter. Two City of Londoit Four County of Monmouth,, , Two Borough of Monmoutbi . One County of Norfolk. Two City of Norwich, Two Townof Lynn-Regis, Two Town of Great-Yarmouth, Two Borough of Thetford, Two Borough of Caftle-Rifing T'vo County of Northampton, ' Two OV/d/P eterborough • Two Tom Parti. orEN'G.LA.ND. tmncf Northampton, 1mnof Brackley. Sirovghnf Highham-Ferrers. Two Two One n ComMof Northumberland. tome} Newcaftle upon Tyne, Bimgh of Morpeth. tom of Berwick upon Tweed, Two Two Two Two Countpf Nottingham, tom c/Nottingham?? Bomgh ^Eaftretford. tom of Newark upn Trent. Two Two Two Two County of Oxon vniverfity of Oxon. £j6?New-Woodftock. Bomtgkof Banbury, mmisnu; County of Rutland, Two Two Two Two Two County of Salop.. tom of Salop. Two Two Borough Scmgi cf Bruges, tf/^Bridgenorth Twc Sorng/) of Ludlow. - , Two Wrkghcf. Gw/WenIocl. Fabian Philifs, Efq; who hath London, Mid-, ilifex, Huntington, and Cambridge-Jbires. The reft of the Counties are divided amongft thefe that follow, Sir Thomas Stringer, Mr, Henry Dottyn , ^ Mr. Richard Spicer, , Emsc/j G/'a;,Efqr Mr .Humphrey.-fbrlor.ne, Mr. Thomas Child, Mr. Charles Clare,. tvho is Protonotary, Filazer, and Exigenter of Monmouth , by Patent; the reft, in the Gift of the Lord Chief Juftice, and hold for Life. T^pre are alfo four Exigenters, whofe Of¬ fice is to make all Exigents and Proclamations, m all Aaions where Procefs of Outlawry doth Mr. Bartholonm Canter^ Mr. Edmund Le Keva, Mr. John Bonnet, Mr. Charles Speke. Mr. Thomas Herbert, JAr. Richard Midlemore, 'AMMr.Lam.Alcock, Partx. of EN GLAND. 93 lye. This Writ is called an Exigent, becaufe it exafleth the Party, that is, requireth his ap¬ pearance to anfwertheLaw, and liesagainft a Tranfgreflbr Of the Law, that cannot be found, nor any of his Goods within the County, fo that after fummons by the Sheriff,atfive'fevetal County Courts, if he appear not, he is Out¬ laid. The four Exigenters at prefent are Johnl[}ivlwg,E(% \ Efq; Mr. Ckrles Clare, | And Mr. the. Goudge. All in the Gift of the Lord Chief Juftice, and are for Life. There are aifo belonging to this Court, four Cryers and a Porter. Of the Court 0/Exchequer, T He next Court for Execution of Laws, , is, that called the Exchequer, fo called, I as fome thinlr, from a Chequer-Wrought Car- i pet, covering the great Table in that Court, as I the Court of Green-Cloth in the Kings Houfe : is fo called from the Green Carpet, or elfe ; from the Erenih word Fjihequier, a Chefs- ! board, becaufe the Accomptants in that Of- ! fice, were wont to ufe fuch Boards in their ' Calculation. Here are tryed all Caufes which i belong to the Kings Treafury or Revenue, j as touching Accounts, Disburfements, Cuftoms, I and all Fines impofed upon any Man. In this ; Court may fit, j The Lord Treafurer; the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Lord Chief Baron, and i three other Learned Judges, called Barons I of the Exchequer, alio one other Curfitor Baron. The prefent Barons are, 94 The Honourable William Mount ague ^ Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Sir EdmrdJtkjns., 7 Sir William Gregory^ Barons. Sir Thomas Streete.^ j - Sir ^2«/%,Cui-fitorBaron. ButthetwofirftfeldomfiWndthefefive^ feldom fail; The firft of thefe five, ‘s ^he l-t m cioal Tudee of this Court, and Anfvvers the BaroftoBarifters, him takes Recognizances for the Kings Deb^ k. It isanh^hOfiiceof high Honcrl Sid Profit, he bis ftyled Lord Chief Baron, is Created by Letters Patents, to hold thte Dig¬ nity, Qam diu bens fe. gejfer!t , n • hatha more fixed Eftate than the Chiefjufti- res of either Bench, for the Law intends this nn Fftate for Life; He alone without the other Baronf Shs at GuHdHd the Afternoon in Term-time', upon Kifi prius m London, Audits, Accounts, RecogniKnfes,Prerentati. ons of Offices, and many otherthmgs of im- nortance. In the abfence of the Lord Chicfj Baron, the other three Baronsfupplyhisplace,, according to their Seniority ; but the fifth fs fa dto^e theCutfitor of,the Court and adminifters the Oaths to the Sheriffs, Under- Sheriffs, Bayliffs, Searchers, Surveyois, Ijc. of the butis no M nor counted one oftnc Tv/ehe Judges. In the Lc/;ty«tr are held two Courts, one of Law, another of Equity. _ ■All judicial proceedings according to L w, . are ooL Bsnon,bns y but the Court ofEquUj^ held in- the Exckqtur-Chmbir, u Partz. of ENGLAND. py I faurario, CmtUmo, ^ Sitromki. This Court ; had its beginning, Prime Pb. J? Mir. ■ The Authority of this Court is of Original ! Turifdiftion, without any Commtffion. I Notealfo, that all the other fore-mention- '■ ed Courts,were not inftituted by any Statute or Written-Lawj but have their Original from ^ the antient cuftom of the Kingdom, i For a long time after the Conqueft, there i fate in the Exchequer, both Spiritual and Tem- I poral Barons of the Realm, and in latter times : there fate in their places, others that were I not Peers of the Realm, yet ftyled BuriwJ, quU i ihi feJere fslekntBurms. ! All the ■ Twelve Judges belonging to thefe i High Tribunals, fit in Robes, and fquare Caps, 1 like Doftors of Divinity, becaufe (as fome lay; I they were antiently moft commonlyClergy-mea ! and DoftorSjBifliops or Prelates. ALifi 96 cige f leM l&tate A Lift of the fever al Officers belong- ing to His Majeftks Court of Exchequer. A Fter the Lord Treafurer, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Barons of the TAe Exchequer afore-mentioned, The next Officer R«we»- is the Kings Remembrancer,-——Ef- brancer’s quire, in truft for £ F £i TAJ Vifcount i* ^ Af- 0#ce. shAWE, inwhofeoffice are Eight fworn Clerks, whereof rhorniemll, ?Erquires, the two Seconda- Anftl Bemmmh S The reft are, iWr. Hugh Franklund, Mr. Bu'Mr Buggin. Mr. George Wats- Mr. Erndi Butler. Mr. Gabriel Amiger. Mr. Willum Bathurft. In this Office are entred the States of all the Accounts concerning the Kings Revenue, for Cuftoms, Excife, Hearth-money, Subfidies, and all Aids granted to the King in Parliament, and all other Accounts of what Nature foever, exrept Sheriffs and Bayliffs accounts, andalfo Accounts for Moneys imprefted to any Perfon to perform Service for the p.ing, concerning the Kings Revenue, either certain or cafual, all Securities, either by Bonds or Recognizances, to the Kings Majefty, by Accomptants and Of¬ ficers for the faithful exercifing oftheir Officesj and many of His Debts, are taken here. All Pro- 5>7 Parti. Of ENGLAND. Proceedings upon any Statute by. Information for Cuftom, Excizesjor any other Penal Law. All Proceedings upon the faid Bonds or Recog¬ nizances,or any other Bonds taken in the Kings Name, by Officers appointed thereunto, under the Great Seal of Eiigknd, and tranfmitted into this office for recovery thereof, are properly in this Office; From whence iffiie forth Procefs, to caufe all Accountants to come in and Account. In the Court of Exchi^iiir, there being a Court of Equity, all proceedings touching the fame, are in this Office, with many other things con¬ cerning theKingsRevenue. This office is in the Kings Gift. - „ .The Leri Next is the Lord TreaP'rers Remembran- cer, Sie John Oshoum, Kt. whofe Office is to make Procefs againft all Sheriffs, Receivers, Bayhffs, fcc. for their Accounts, and many other things of moment, as Eftreat-Rules, ^c. All Charters, and Letters-Patents, whereupon any Rents are referred to the K mg, are tranferibed and fent into this Office, by the Clerk of the Petty Bag,to the end fuch moneys as are there¬ by payable to hisMajefty may be tranfmitted to the Clerk of the Pipe, and there by him charged in the greatRolIofthe Pipe,and Pro¬ cefs made to recover the fame, by the Com¬ ptroller of the Pipe. Out of this Office Pro. cefs iffuestolevy the Twenty Pounds, per month, due from Popifli Recufants,when con- vifted: And alfo to feize the two thirds of their Lands, when Schedules thereof are made by the Clerk of the Pipe, and tranllnitted hither. Gutof this Office Procefs is alfo made to Le¬ vy the Kings Fee Farm Rents, i?c. When the Auditors of the Revenue have made Schedules of fuch Arrears, and tranfmit- ted them to the Remembrancer, The States Part,II S of :€^e il^^efent ^tate ofalllmpreft Accompts, and ocher Great Ac- compcf, are alfo entrcd in this Office, as well a's in the Office of the Kings Remem. hi ancer. - In this Office there were heretofore twelve fworn Clerks, whereof the two firfc were called Secondaries ■, and whofe Names are m^vJilmTiithil, and John Tnf.emre, Efquires, This alfo is in the King’s Gift. Clerk of the Pipe, is the Right Honourable ■PMgh, Lord Cliford. All Accompts which pafs the Remembrancer! 'Office arc brought to theOffice oftheClerkofths Pipe,and remain there, to the end that if there be any determined Debt due by any Accom- ])tant,or any other Perfon in any fuch Accompr, the fame may be drawn down into the Great .Rnllofthe Pipe,or the Pipes thereof, and by the Comptroller of the Pipe taken into his Roil mrkitim with the Great Roll, and Procefs may be made by him for the Recovery thereof, by a Writ called the Summons of the Pipe, which is of the Nature cf a Levnre Fncias- And if upon Summons of the Pipe a Hichil be returned by the Sheriff^ then a Schedule is made offiich Debts as are Khhilcd, and fent to die Treafiirers Remembrancer, who makes out a long Writ, and annexes the fame to it, which Writ is a Cqi:.s, Fi-:ii ftolas, isl extend; ^ All Tallyer, which vouch the Payments con. tained in fiich Accompts, are examined and al¬ lowed by the Chief Secondary in the Pipe, and rcmiin for ever after in this Officer All Accompts of Shcr'ffr and Rayliffs art made up by the Clerks of the Pipe, and he gives them, and all the other Accomptants before-mentioned, their e)?, in cafe their Accompts be even. Tbs 99 Partz: Of ENGLAND. The Clerk of . the Pipe makes Leafes of the Kings Lands and extended Lands, when he is' warranted fo to do by the Lord Treafurer, and Chancellor of the Exchequer, or Lords Commiffioners of the Treafury. And thefe ■ Leafes are fometimes direfled tobe'made un¬ der the Great Seal, biitforthemoftpart pafs the Exchequer, He hath under him eight fworn Clerks, Kkhaks Uighmre,'?S% Chief Secondary. WdterWaUing^r, John Bmet, Frmis Sterne, Comptroller of thePipe JcihnPBiimg:r,'E^q; Comptreller whowritethin his Roll all that is in the Great c/ tkl-ige. Roll,and nothing entered in the great Roll can ' ■ be difchargecl without his Printy. And if ' Hkhilsht returned, fiich Schedules are made to the Treafurers Remembrancer, as before is mentioned. He writeth out the Summons twice every Year to the High Sheriffs to Levy the Debts, charged in the Great Roll of the Pipe. Clerk of the Pleas, is Richird Beresford,:Cle>{ ef Efq; in whofe Office, all the Ofiicer.s of the the Fltus, Exchequer, and other priviledged Perfons, as. Debtors to the King, are to have their pri- viledge to plead, and be impleaded, as to all matters at the Common-Law. And the Pro-' ceedings are accordingly by Declarations,Pleas, and Trials, as at the Common-Law, becaufs they fhould not be drawn out of their pw;n, Court, where their attendance is required. .Ja this Office, there are four fworn Attorneys, viz. Thomoi Arden, Rkhurd Ogden, Chrrls Hijnii, zni] tVili.Foihergili:-: F 2 Foreign I Themis Cole, I Henry Burnet, Edsiard Vtdcnmd, Jofe^h Crmm. 100 Fortign Op- Foreign Oppcferis Charlet Whitaker, Efq; wliofe pftr. Office is, to Appofe all Sheriffs upon the Sche¬ dules of the Grera ; this Office is kept in ^np Iflu. Clerk, cf Clerk of the Fftreats, timoth) Whit field, Efq; the £. whofe Office is to receive every Term, the Jlieaii. Eftreats orExtrafls out of the Office of the Remembranier of the Lord Treafurer; and to write them out, to be levied for the King, alfo to make Schedules for Arch Sums as are to be difcharged. Audittrs Auditors of the Imprefl, Brook. Bridges, and jf tlip im. Thomas jt/otie, Efquires, who Audit the Great ^ „ ' ' Accounts of the Kings Cuftoms, Wardrobe, ^ ‘ Mint, Firft-Fruits, and Tenths, Naval, and Military Expences, Moneys Imprefted. Isle. Auditors Auditors of the .Revenue, there are feven, (f the Re¬ venue. Sir Jofepb Seymour, Kt. / Sir William Godolphia John Philips, Efq; j for Wales. Humphrey Monice, Efq; John Shales, Efa; Anthony Parfons, Efq; I Anthony Stephens? Thefe Audit all Accompts of the Kings Lands, Revenue, Hearth Money, and Taxes given ,by Afl- of Parliament, There are alfo feveral Receivers ofthe Kings •Revenues, ariling from Lands and Rents, whofe Accompts the Auditors do make up yearly. Bemenihrancer of Firft-Fruits and Tenths, is Remtiii- iFilliam Priitiman, E(q; whofe Clerks are Ro- irancer of iert Vrrein and Cmge Rohinfon. Thefe take all ibe Kr/?. Compofitions-for Fjrft-Fruits and Tenths, and fi/liits, n’^he Procefs againft fuch as pay not the fame: This Office is kept in the MiddkTenple. There is alfo a Receiver of the Revenue of tie Firft-FruItSj viho h JohnLaureme, Efq; Tlje Part 2^ Of ENGLAND. tot TheBifhops are Colleftofs of the Tenthes and Accomptalfo annually for the fame. There are alfo two other confiderable Ofn- Pep«ty cars, called Deputy-Chamberlains, Mr. Celt, Chmin- and Mr. Aih "^bfe Office at areprefervedallthe Counterfoils of the Tal- lies, (whereof more anon) fo exa£tiy ranged by Months and years,that they may prefent1y;be found out, tobejoyned with their relpettive I Stock or Tally, when thereunto required; i which being done,and proving true^hey delivef 1 the fame, attefted for a lawful Tally to the i Clerk of the Pipe, for to be allowed in the' Gfeat Roll;but in cafe any corruption hath been ufed, the fame is eafily, and foon difeovered, and the Offender feverely punilhed,by Fine and ^"rhere are moreover divers other (^fleers, o/J/r ofi- asClerkofthe Parcels, Oerkof the Nicliils, (««. the Marlhal, the Chief Ulher of the whofe Office is an Office^of Inheritance, four under Ulhersand fix Meffengers,whofe Office* are all in the Gift of 'he Chief Ulher, whofe Name Mim mikm Efqi He « alfo by m- heritance Proclamator of the Court of mon picas, and hath the Gift of all the Uihert oftheUlhersalfo. Of the other part of the Exchequer, calledhy forne of the Lower Exche¬ quer , where the Kings Revenue is Received and Dishurfed with admirable Order and Frugality. T He Principal Officer is the Lord Trea- , Purer, of whom fee the iirjl 'Pirttf the State c/England. This office upon the Refignation of -the late LovA fillfcrd, was conferred upon the Right Honourable, the Lord Vicount Latimer, after¬ wards created Earl of'Diuby, and fince his go¬ ing out, it is executed by five Lords Com- miffioners, ■ The Right Honourable Laurence, Earl . of Rochefter. Sir John.Ernie, Kt. Chancellor and Vnder-Treafurer of the Exchequer. Sir Edward Dering, Kt. Sidney Godolphin, E% Sir Stephen Fox, Kt. There is one Secretary, Henry Guy, Efq; Next Officer is the Cliancellor of the Exche. per, who is alfo an Officer of great Account and Authority; he hath a Principal Power, not only in the Exchtiiuer Court.but alfo here,in the managing and difpofing of the Kings Revenue; He hath alfo the cuftody of tlie Exchequer-Sed. He fits in the Court not only above all the Ba¬ rons of the Exchequer , but ( as fome fay ) a- bove the Lord Treafurer, having a fupcrinten- dency Partz: Of ENGLAND. loj- (lency and controulment over the Lord Trea- ‘“Heh^ath’the Gift of the Controller of the Pipe, and of the Clerk ofthefto. al^^ of the Clerk of the Richils, and of the Seal o the Gift of the two Praizers of the Couit. Sroffice is now enjoyed by Sir JmErnh, ^T^en there are two Chamberlains of the •m4hofe cuftodyare many ant ent Recm^^^^^ leagues, and-Treaties with Fore.gn Pi . c-^. ‘ the I tandards of Moneys,Weights and M ca l.n c ' TTl wS tTe iruc value, and their Owners - S£-ft was fo years in making,from the i uZotZoth year of that Ring, and called at : Beck, bccaufe therein was ft^downan exact Ac 1 count, not namber'of Faiui- : Villages of , .but t ^^^ Husbandmen, l.es, of Men , Sou ci^r Mo- s;:^ssp-b,;^.d^;,ra^ ifet j: : ftians ever accounted it a “t v ill Sin>vhenthi5 Bm4. was opened, 104 be at the opening of the Booizt the Great day otfJfsm or General Judgment of the World. This Book IS keptmider three Locks and Keys, not to be look’d into un'der 6s.8 not above aors,and all others mtl e , ,^3 2 5. in the pound, and at Lis LxJ y , him in a'™"ner notmng at^ad i©8: ci^e ^tate The Court of the Dutchy of LANCASTER. T Here is another Court at mjlminfltr, cal. led the Court of the Dutchy of Lmsfttr, 'Much takes cognizance of all Caufes that any way concern. the Revenue belonging to that Dutchy, which hath,been.'Iong fince annexed to the Crown,. The Chiefjudge of this Court, is the Chan¬ cellor of the Dutchy, who is afiifted by the At¬ torney of the Dmch), There are divers other Officers of thisCourt, aLillof whofe Names here follow. Sit Thomas Chicheleyy, Chancellor, and is alfo one of His Majefties molt Hor _ nourable;Pri.vy'CoanciL Sir John Attorney-General^. Sir John Chrfon, Receiver-General, Sir John. Otway ^ Vice-Chancellor of the Dutchy, Sir Gilbert Getrard,, Kt. Cferkofthe Dutchy. Thomas Deskoron^k, Meftenger,. This Court-is kept at IViflmhiftir, by the Intr Exchcejuv, and the Office of Sir Gilbitt Gtcritrd a: Grup-lnn,.. Of Part^. ENGLAND. Of th Hkh Court of CHANCERY. N Ext to the Kkgs-Bmb in Wejiminjler~nd, is wifely placed this High Court, to mi¬ tigate the rigor of that •, it is Curu CmeSirU, kcaufe, as fome think , the Judge of this - Court fate antiently ww Cmellos, or Imiccs,. as the Eaftend of our Churches being fcpara- ted per Cmt'los, from the Eody of the Church, as peculiarly belonging to the Prieft', were thence called Chmds. This Court is the offidatjujlitik, the Womb of all our Fundamental Laws, the Fountain of all our Proceedings in Law, the Original of all other Courts. It is asantientas the civility of the Nation, though perhaps by another name. This Court proceeds, either.ordinarily, ac¬ cording to the Laws, Statutes, and Cuftoms of the Nation, and in Latine, granting out Writs Mandatory, and Remedial, Writs of Grace ^ or elfe according to Equity and Confciente, and ■by Engtip RilT: fo that the Chincerj hath two Courts in one, the equitable part is by Bills', Anfwers, and Decrees,to examine Frauds,Conw binations, Trufts, secret Ufes, to mode¬ rate the rigor-of the Laws, andrefcueMen out of the hands of-their OpprefTors. Tore- lievea Mm, efpecially in-three things, vij.a- gainft Cheats, unfortunate Accidents,.and breaches of Truft.' Out of this Court are ilTned out'Writs, ot Summons for Parliaments, Edifts, Proclamati¬ ons,Charters,Proteflions, Safe.Conduas,Writs ofMdi/ffK/a MifermJitiMen any perfon hath no been amerced too high, and for a reafonable part of Goods for Widows and Orphans, Pa, tents for Sheriffs, Writs -of Certhritri to re¬ move Records, and falfe Judgments in inferior Courts, Writs Audita -Qjierela, and Scire fa¬ cias : here are Sealed and Inrolled Letters Pa¬ tents , Treaties and Leagues with Foreign Prin¬ ces , Deeds between Party and Party, touch¬ ing their Lands and Eftates, or Purchafers ta¬ king Recognizances, and making of Extents upon Statutes and Recognizances for payment of Money, or fecuring of Contrafts, Writs Remedial or Magifterial, Commiffions of Ap¬ peal, Oyer and Terminer, i?c. The Court of Common-Pleas, which are betwixt Subjeft and Subjefl, hath its Original and Commiffions from the Chancery, and cannot hold Pleas with¬ out it. For the Latine part of this Court are the 24 Curfitors and for the T.nglifh part are the Six Clerks. Tiie Court of Equity, that proceeds not ac¬ cording to Law, is no Court of Record , ancl therefore binds only thePerfon, not his Lands or Goods. The Judge ofthis Court, is the Lord Chan-. Court of cellor.or.Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of £;;^- Chance- land. He is here the (ble Judge, whereas in 0- fji. ther Courts there are three or four Judges; but he may, and doth often, in Cafes of greater weight and difficulty, in Cafes of Law, cal! forae of the other Judges ti hisaffillance ; and therefore it is liii:!, this Office may be difJiar- ged by one that is- no profcfTcd Lawyer, as it -was aimoft-always antiently and- fo of latter .times by Sir fyOicphcr Hailon, and after iry , Doctor IPiTum , of LincoUie, to their great Praiie .and.Commendat.on. ... Partz: Of ENGLAND. lit It is the higheft Dignity in EngUnd, that a Lay-man is capable of, it uSmmum Jaipufi Soimm •, and the Chancellor is,M«- ^'hVMjjLrh^ that it mH>vit.u his Place cannot be taken away, although the seals may. ^'jlaid there, that he is fo to attend to the latf e* Ring and People, that he rnufl: not be fenfibL of anv Relations, or other confideration, and her/fe may ’not put neither for his own Pather, nor for the King ^ Chicellors have been in as *2 Learned Sir lEi/li-JW VugMe finds, as foona -Chriftianity was embraced by the towis- Tlie Chancellor is faid to be Keeper of ti e Kings Confcience. to judge f. loJn, according to Equity “e He is to moderate the to - «aa Rigor and Letter of the Law whereunto o£judSesareftdaiytied;forthe^ of this Realm, (in imitation of the R1 N u or ffings , Governing the World by a[“l court of Shefat t Wer end S. cif M^rcv, wherein the rigor or the La tem^red'viththefweetnefsof Equity, which is,nothingelfe but Mercj qualifying the .Iharp- "'ThiscSbeinga Court of,Confcience, tfie kflh is perpl-eitcd With the quirks of Lawye^^, txt the more it is guided by Confcience and Eqtii- ty; and therefore the Kings of Etigkndv/onld have this Court fuperior to the other Tribu¬ nals, thatfo, if anything was done aittifs, by thofe following the rigor of the Law, here, b'y good Confcience and Equity, it might be amended: Wherein they followed the Noble Pattern of the Great mms fx- es legiiimfirfeSits efe voluit, uf inde fiibditi fui appellarent ad Epifcapcs j and therefore in all former times, the Judges of this Court were chofen outofthe Clergy, able Divines, who by their skill in the Law of God, and of Na¬ trons, were belt able to judge, according to Mo- -deration and Equity, and molt willing to exe¬ cute accordingly, ajfofitteft to difpofe of the Kings Spiritual.Kenefices. Refides, when this High Office was given to Kifliopsand Clergymen, and thereby vvealthj, and a publick Spirit, ufually conjdyned; what great publick Atls of Piety and Charity were done by them for this Nation ? TO mention only in Oi/ord, what Noble and rich Founda¬ tions are Chrijl-Church, Magdaltns, Hm-Col- Ifdgt, and Merton-Celledge ? All Founded by Kilhops that were Chancellors; and on the contrary, fince the places of Chancellor, Trea- - furer. Privy Seal, have been ufually in the liands of Lay-men, what one great Work hath been done for the publick,’ but'only Wealth heaped up for their own private Families ? The manner of'proceed'ng in this Court, is much like that in the Courts of the Civil-Law,* the Aftionsby Bill or Plaint, the Witnefles ex¬ amined in private, the Decrees ia EHglifn dr Latine, not in French. No Jury of Twelve Men, but all Sentences given by the Judge of the Court.' The. Parts* Of ENGLAND; sij The Chancellor,or Lor.d-TCeeper hath twelve MeJIen Affiftants, antientlycalldd Clirici, or MugiJIri tfchn- cmllmx, becaufc they were ufually in Holycerj. Orders, and all Doflors’ of Laws, for Matter and Dottors was antiently the fame, as at this day, a Doftor in the Ard, is called Msgijltr in Artiki, and fometimes they were called Cuad- ptlices. The fitft ofthefe is the Ma/ler of ibi Rolls, in Mofter of ] Utine, Smorum Scriniorm Mogifter, fo called the Rolls. from the Chappel wherein the Rolls are kept ^ i it is a place of great Dignity, and is in the Gift of the King, either for Life, or during His Ma- ; jetties pleafure; and this Officer hath, Jure \ lii, the gift ofthofeconfiderable Offices of the ! Six Clerks m Ckunctry, hath the keeping of the I Rolls, hath all the Houfe of the Convir/ed Jtvs, \ now called thfRd/lj, and.intheabfenceofthe ! Chancellor, hears Caufes there, and makes Or- i ders, by virtue of a Cpmmilfion, with two Ma? • fters, and that Jure djjicii: When he Sits in the Lords Houfe in Parlia- ; ment, he Sits next to the Lord Chief Juftice of ] Englmi, upon the fecond Woolfack. One reafon why the .Matters ofcbmery were i everCit;i/wns,maybe,becaurc for all Caufes i almoft imaginable,feme Law,ot CafeCotfForm- - able thereunto, may be fetched bya good C; 3 vilian out of that Law of Laws, called the Civil’ Lav. Another may be, becaufe the Chmerj i more antient than any other Court of Enghtnd, ’ (for all Original Writs and Commiffions, whereupon the otherCourts do ground all their proceedings, do ground from thence) hath pro¬ bably been taken from the Civil Lav, divers points of proceedings not ufed in Common- , iaw,-Courts, as the Defendants anfwering to : the Bill, and fometimes to the Interrogatories upon 214 ^tate upon Oath, though to the acculing of a mans ftif, in divers Matters damageable, and penal ^ Jjy the whole manner of publication,- the depofition of Witneffes upon Interrogatories, and in fiqttum rei Klinmkni, lay the term and ufe of final Decree, and many other points dif¬ fering from the Common-Lajp, and wholly agree¬ ing with the Civil-Lap. This Court is always open, whereas all the others are fhut, but only in Term, time; fo thatif a Man be wrongfully imprifoned, in the Vacation time out of Term, the Lord Chan¬ cellor may grant his Writ of Habeas Carps, and do him juftice according to Law, fo like- wife may this Court grant Prohibitions, in time of Vacation, as well as in Term time. A Lift, of the feveral Officers belonging to the High Court of Cnanccry, F Rands Lord Guilford., Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England. Then the Twelve Mafters of Ckh^ cc^^asfolloweth, Majler of Sir Harbottle Grimflon., Baronetj Ma- cbttmh Her of the Rolls. SiryoteCoe/, Kt. Sir William Bevcrjbam, Kt. Sir Edward Low. Doftor of Laws. Sir OlENGLAND. Sit SamdClarke^ Sir L/tcon Wddm Child) Kt. Sit Miles Cook) Yit- Sir John FranW^) Silt John Hosknh Kt- SitAdmOtk^Y^t. SiitKokrtU G Kt. Arnild Brmti, who keep their feveral -Offices at a place called the Sii Clerks oStceirs Cbarmy-Une^ ftantly keep Commons together in Term- 'Under the afore-named Six Clerks, there are Sixty other Clerks, nM. ten to each of th-- Six Clerks,and who with their under Clerks difpatch the bufinefs of that Office. Some of thefe Sixty do feverally get four, five, or Six hundred pounds ;er aim. or uwre. e ffetate Examiners in CUtwj there are two, ?mi» ’fpifden, Efq; and 7hoiim Efq; Their Office is to examine the Witnefles on their Oaths in any Suit on both fides. , This Office aifo is executed at the Mis. Clerks of the Petty-bag in Chmcery are three, Aarm Pengq, Efq^ Jms Bemet, Eiq^ and ?* Lloyd, Efq; they are under the Matter of the Rolls. Their office is to make ali Patents for Cuftoniers, Comptrollers, all Congo ijjlms, firft'Summons of Nobility, Clergy, Knights, Citizens and Burgeffies to Parliament, ^c. The Six Clerks oftheBoilJ Chappel are Htwtji Grimllen, Smuil Guilpn , Jof. Holy, ““ Sa;«. Krnngmrth, tknm Mmhesfs, and JhojMS Envy, Efquires. The Ssifo-M Office is to ilTue-oiit Writs to fummonperfons to appear \a Chmcery. This Office is in the hands of Fmces, Lady rnnt, Sir Wdier Vme , and chnrles Vane, and - executed by their Deputy, Mr. Nicholas Hook: Clerk of the Patents, or of Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of England , is Sir Richard Pjgit, Kt. and executed by a Deputy •, this 01- flee was erecded 16t6 The Regifler of the Court of chmery is Henry, Earl of St. Mhans, under whom are De- puty-Regifters, viz. Henry Eewnijh, ai't' £»= in him tj= K»y"'‘> ’ ^ ■r5.si£S.h^^^^^^ ssS-SraBi '^eisfis; Hunnng. ponftable, or Head-borough, to ‘''•ThSS ?he Rdefiaftical' Government of yiCf?he,e5s,(«bef«ehath>een^^^^^^^^^ , 0 ?: England: 135 tioned) the Parfon, or Vicar, who hath Curm Aniinmm, the care of Souls, C as the Lord of the Manner hath, in feme meafure, Curm Car. foruiiO for "'h'th he hath the Tythes, Glebe, and Church-Offerings, hath under him the Church.wardens and Sides-men, to take care of the Church,and Church-Affemblies the Over, feers of the Poor, to take care of the Poor, Sick, Aged, Orphans, and other Objeffs of Charity; And Laftly, the Clerk to wait upon him at Di- vine Service. . ^ a. Thus admirable and excellent is the Conlti. tution of the prefent Enilip Government, a- bove, or beyond, any other Government in Chriftendam. 0 Fertunittes mmium hiufifua mrint Angligtim If Englifl Men did know their Blifs, Too great would be theirHappinefs. pm. jOf ENGLAND. i3f the Military Goverment of England I T was a fmart Mcf/c that the Great the Fourth of Fmct, Gandfather to our Graci¬ ous King now Reigning, caufed to be engraven on his Great Guns, Ratio ultima Rtgum: imtiina- tiiig thereby, that n hen SuhJeOs refurc to fnb- iiiit to the Laws of the Land, or Neighbours to the Law of Nations •, tlien Kings have recour/e to Force anti Ann,-, ro bring ihem toReafon. So long as SubjeGs are prone to Sedition, pd Neighbour-Princes and States to Ambition, thei e ivi)) be a neceJTiry of a Military Power in every State , both by Land , and likewife liy Sea, where the Country is any where border¬ ing on the Sea. Of the Military Power of England-, both by land and Sea, the King ofB.ngMhath the folc Supream Power, Government, Command, and Difpofrtion. And neither One nor Both Houfcs ofParlismenC have any right to Levyany For¬ ces f or make any War, offenfive or Difenfive: as they have at Urge Declared in Parliament, Mno 14. C3r. 2. The firft are his Majefties Guards of Horfe, being three Troops, or mare properly Regi¬ ments , cosfifting of two Hundred Gentlemea in each, befides Officers, and a Troop of Sixty FmcGranadierStand their Officers,belong¬ ing to each Troop of Guards, all Commanded Hy His Grace, Chrifiofher Duke of marie ^ Capcaiii of, his Ma/eftiesown Troop, Troop, and of aU his Majefties Guards of Horfe. The Honourable Sir HhiHp Howard, Captain and Colonel of the Queen’s Troop. 'And the Right Honourable, Louis, Earl o^FeverJIiam^ Captain, and Colonel of the Duke’s Troop. which do conftant Duty in the Tilt Yard, by St. Jamis'i Park > where is alfo a Train of Ar¬ tillery, znd Sit MitehaU , with a Mafter Gsrarr, Thomas Silver, and Twenty Gunnersalways on duty. Of which Guards a particular Account is given in the Firft Part of this Book. The reft of His Ma jellies eftablifhed Forces are, Firft,. His Own Regiment of Horfe, confifting «f Tight Troops, under the Command of The Right Honourable, Jubery Earl of Oxford, the Colonel. The Honourable Sir Francis Compton^ Major. Captain William Legg, Captain, of the King’s own Troop^ Sir Charles Wyndham Capt. Edwin Sandys, Gapt. Henry Slingsby Capt. Thomas. Lucey, Sir Thomas Slingsby, Thomas Syfom, Efqj Chyrur-’ geon. yhefe h^c no-certain Place apjointed fof theis 1 ipirtt; of England: 'm I they receive Orders. "The Right Honounble J* Lord: CtorcM, the Colonel and Cap, tain of the Firib Troop. Umrd Lord Cornhury^ Lieutenant. Goloiiel and Captain- ' Colonel Capt. jlexander Mtckenzie,. Cap. Charles Neathy.. Cap. ^ohn Coy. Can, Thomas Langpn, Mr. CtorcfeV/-Chaplain,. Majefty. Thlre arb two Regiments <>/. tJFirftofwbichis called the King s ^ iiient ,. confiftins of Jour and twenty Com m panics, and one Company of Granadiersi Commanded by His Grace,, Henry^ Duke of Grafton., the Colonel. Col. John Strode., the Lieutenant- Colonel. Major Wtlliam Eaton ^ the Major. The Honourable Sackoille r«/?fl»,Erq; Captain of the King’s own Com¬ pany. The reft of the Captains are, Sir Roger Morlty > Cao^.John Beriley, Capt. Thoinis Slradling, Capt. Frtnii Ruffd, Cap. Ralph Peltmdle, Capt. John Skelton , Capt. George Roves, Capt. Edmond Rtrisby, \ Capt. Knhet Wflings ,, Capt. Henry Smile, Ca[)t. milimSehjn, ] Capt. Charles Lloyd, Capt. Thomas Throck^ mtrton, Capt, Arthur Corbet. ■ f Capt. John Seymore , [ Capt. Ferdmndo Hi' flings, Capt. Fhilip Ksrie, Capt, Francis Whaler, . Capt. Leathal Warcup, Capt. Charles Frojer, ; And Capt. of the Gra- nadiers, Dr. Will. Harris Chapl. Capt. Thomas ■ Jones, ! Qiiartermafter, j 'M'r. John nodes, Chy- I rurgeon. iUnry Sandys, EfqjAid-Major, or Adjutant of the Regiment. This Firft Regiment of Foot-Guards does conftant Duty at White-Hall, and in Rtotlmd Yard , by two Companies a day. The next is the COtDiSTREAM' RE¬ GIME N T, fo can’d from their Quarters, near Parti. o! ENGLAND. ^3 fhe River Tmd, fro® and is Commanded by The Right Honourable,Earl of Cwen, the Colonel. ^ Col. EdwardSucksiille (formerly Go- vernourofr^«.?«O the Lieutenant Co* ^°*Major 50k Unit font the Major. I The reft ofthe Captains are, i 'i.U Miller 1 Capt.Tr;l/.n''aW'»» Capt. Jehn mr cholmley, . Capt. ^ Thefe always do Duty in St. 7 «s’s-M. Jefefh Trouiitd, Chyturgeon. Companies. Capt. Gapt, Pmricl^ Melvil, Capt. Charles Eer{ltj, Gapt. Robert Duglas, Capt. James MomUfft, Gapt. Andreit Monro. Gapt, Rob. ffii^^,Capt. Gapt. Roiert LamJer, : of the Granadiers. Gapt. Archibald Rello, Gapt. Charles Murrejr, Gapt. Sir Jam, Murrey, Gapt. Alex, VrpaarU- Capt. Robert Luniej, Capt. John Ruthven, Gapt. Lord Gevge Hi- John Carr, milton, Capt. Thomas Forhus, Capt. George Arnot, John White. A Chaplain, Adjutant, Quarter-mafter, and Mr. Seautier Chyrurgeon. . And each of thefe Companies have two Lieutenants. Of this Regiment Sixteen Companies are Quartered in Rochejler, Chatham, and the places adjacent. The other live Companies are- in the Garrifon of chejler. His Majellies Tangier Regiment is the Fourth, - confining of Sixteen Companies. Col. Feircy Kirk, the laft Gover- Siour of Tangier, Colonel. Mdrmaikks Foynton, Lieutenant Co¬ lonel. SkJmesLejly, Major/ Capt. John Gyles, CsT^t.Charles Wingfield. Gapt. Thomas St, John, Capt. GeorgeTalbot, Cz^t.Brent.Ely, . Capt. FrancisChantreO, Capt. Henry Rom. Cant. Zoucb Tatty Capt. George iPingfield, Capt. James Gay, Gapt. Thomas Barbour, ' Capt. John Burges y Capt.mil. Matthems, Dr. Tbo. Chaplain, Will. Tountney Quar- ter-mafter, Wili, Davis Adjutant, James WUie Chyrurgeon. This pirti. ef ENGLANO. 157 fadmis^ Commands'^ by Sir Charles Littkm, the Colonel. Olmr Nicholas, Lieutenant^Colonel. Richard Ba^got, Major. The reft of the Captains are, irnnt SiJW. ScildMorir capt- George LittUm, j Capt- ^ ^ ^^nh Capt. l^icLleiaerkrt, capt. Edmdmt, . ap ^ Tlmden, Capt. fronds I^od,^ I C2nt.Zdtp. lEorrisi { orAdiii* khord Beouvdr tantofthe R^Sf Matter. Sant, tatham, Efiprenyiarg After thele is his Majefties B OLL ABD REGlMENr the ftxth, of which, The Right Honourable Earl: °^SkfcroAS«nant colonel Jantcs Starling-, Major. The reft of the Captains . , Capt. Henry Boade, Capt. cn Capt. ci. Manjnayrtng. I ff JSoeitnorton,. trifi’ ^ cerwo Gems Roa/f.'-Efqj Aid-Major, or Adjutant of the Regiment. Mr. Join PForMa/, Quarter-Ma¬ tter. Jmes Pierce Efq; Chyrurgeon. The feveiKh Regiment, confifting of fixteen Companies, is commanded by. Col. Charles Trelawny., Colonel. • Charles Churchil., Lieutenant Colonel Zachariah Tiffint Major. Capt. Ueury freloKny C'ipt. Charles Fox.- Capt. Edward Haftings. Ca.])t. John Strode, Capt. Edward Savile. Capt. Hefmas Capt William Culliferd. ■ Dr. William Merman:,Chaplain. MiurictRoaih Adjutant. James.^ S#, Quartermafter. Heat) Miijim, Chyrurgeon. This Regiment is Quartered in PtrrifnmiL The reft of his Majefties eftahlilhed Forces, that are in conftanc Pay, being Non-Regimen- ted Companies, are difpofed of into feveral Gartifons, the name of which are as follow, wj. whereof his Grace Henry Duke of REWC ASTL E is Governour, and the Ho¬ nourable Ralph Widdrington, Deputy-Governour, and Captain ot an Independent Company. There are four Companies always do Diicj in this Garrifon. Capt. Charles tellur. Capt. Charles Jchr.fm. Cap. Francis Rufel. Capt. Anthony Rodm). Capt. John Wehjltr- Part a. of ENGLAND. ofaComeany'^here. E39 ,, ,_ Hi! Ocace the Duke «' c5Jef.«.i-Cap.»..faCe«pa«y. ..etrr, r er. € Governour. iovernour. Guvefend and a^C^ptain^of fSpanfSre Lieutenant-Gov™, d P^^ compani* Company. Here ate ah"»j Duty. on uuLj. Guinjif, t jf/e Ef
  • «« ho- Deputy-Governour. andCaptam^.^ , nourable Cbirles Lg Companies. Company there. Here are Hoi) Ijlmd vernour. r JOHN umncK, Go- H:iU, and the Go- nourable Lionel Cop/cj-Lieu- pernour and Cap-am. - gight Corn- tenant-Governour and Captain. & -ranies on Duty here. HuTfi-CnJlU. Hm) BOimS, ■£&!; Gover- M ‘eDl^e^iefent^taeer Jirfe)-lJlMd, Sir . JOHK LAKEIRE, Governor and Captain ^ Htnrj Boidt, Erq; Depu- ty-Governor and Captain , and Charles Manm. ring. Captain alfo of a Company there; in all Three Companies here. • landguard-m, S\r ROG ER MAKL ET, Governour and Captain. St. Man^-Caftle, Sit JOSEPH TRE- DEKHAM, Gevernour. There is one Com- pany of the neighbouring Inhabitants to repair thither by Cuftom, whenever there Jliall be ■ occafion of Service. And the Caftle is kept by hisMajefties Gunners. Tendiimh Cajlle, RICH ARD Lord ARvH- DEL ofTrirife, Governour and Captain jand the Honourable John Arundel the peputy-Go- vernour. Here are five Companies. Plymutb, and Si. Kitbolas IJland , the Right_ Honourable the Earl of B AT H, Governour' and Captain; and Sir Hugh Pifer, Deputy-Go- vernour and Captain. Here are in this Garrifonj in all, Thirteen Companies. Portfmouth, The Right Honourable Edmrd Earl of Gaimbsreugh, Governour, and Captain, and.Major Henry Slingsh}, Deputy-Governour, and Captain. Other Captains there, are. Capt. Richard Carter-, Gapt. Charles Hutchkfon,. , Capt. Thmas Cmaatis, Capt. S\r John Reresby, Gapt..ee«r^e Eiti-James.. There iP«t2: 8i England; There are in all Twenty three Companies 1 of Foot, and One Troop of Horfe, which do duty in this Garrifon. *41 S^ndom CcfiU, Capt.FR££Al>«N,Go. yernou I Crmfody Deputy-Governouf, andtwoCoIn• ' panics more there. zcmmiy Sir wuu.m coDom. Governour and Captain^ Sc^rhcmgh-C^Jile, Sir TBOMJS SUmSST, Governour. rimmi'h CMe, Sir EDr^RP VILLERS, •, and H Mitfer. De- piity-GoTernour, and Captain of a Company rr,r^rrrf tendon, Whcrcin are always Tight S2S" G^lieThok tARTMoX, GuLers, and. a Company of Miners. Vpncr-Cojlk, ROBERT MIRORS, Efq', Go- vcrnoiir and Captain. ■ _ m of Win'A , Sir ROBUr HOLMES , Go- ijie oj I .-lit", Ycrnour ®]^e|&?cfent^tate vernour and Captain; Here are four Com- panics -which do Duty at Cwcj, Sandhm-Fon, mfl-Yurtnouth, zni Cmibmke. m„dk-C 4 l‘, His GnceHEmr Duke of KORFOLK, Earl Ma.flial of England, the Con. ftable, and Captain of a Company ; ^ap. tain Chirks Fmes, Ceputy-Governou^ Ther are two Companies at contrant Du^ there, and Eight Companies more during His Ma]e. fties RHidence in the Summer i aifo feveral Troons ofHorfe attending thereabouts Befides the Uatachment of his Majefties Guards of Horfe. mih Yirmrnh, Guni^rs. and thm are many otherGunners in all other bis M.ipftie Garrifonsand Caftles,_tothe numberlomtimes of Twenty or Thirty m a Place. r»r4and clifords-romr,fsT JOHH F.ERESB 7 , Governonr, and Captain of a Companj. Two Companies on duty here. Ciipi-CiMe, Colonel JAMES HALSAl] Governour. Four Gunners. In the maintaining this fmall number of Land-Forces, His Majefty is at a conftant great Expence, no lefs, according to prohab.e con- ieaure, than 500000 1 . pr befides mani other vaft contingent Charges. The Pay of th Field and Staff-Officees of Foot, fer dim, is ai foHosvs , . 1 _The Colonel as Colonel --- 00 The f.ie-atenant-Colonel as C qq L ieutenant Colonel S part of en g LAN D. 143 i. >• The Major as Major-^ ^ The Chaplain, ' ' _____ oo The Adjutant, __ og rhvruraeon and his Mate, oo Sfmafter and Marfliai.P „„ 04 executed by one Perlon. S XhePayofone.ofthefe^^^^^^ I2-,„ A Captain, — _ __ 00 04 co ' Lieutenant , ■ co ■ An Enlign , — ___— qq 01 06 Bfra/of allthe Lan > p ;Si » %'« Comm'iffari^®, JchnKm^PP frandi Beales, . ■ Charles Boates , ( Efquircs. rhmas StarsmoTi , John Cranford- Wane's M4 mt ^tate Frmis Cartmight for Gutrnfe) and Jerfey. Smml Bmov for SciUy. Tliefe hare their diftinft Circuits in the Conn-' trey , for Muftering the Forces which lye in the feveral Garrifons, The Secretary at War is WiUim BUthw^ii, Efq; whofe chief Clerk is Mr. John Powy., anl Meffenger to the Secretary is Mr. Rkkri PlumptOn- ^ Thefe three confiderable Offices are kept at Horfe-Guard. le Judge-Advocate is Geerge C.Ur{ ' The scout-Mafter-General, is Colonel Jum ^T\L Adjutant-General of all the Horfe, is Captain Jdn Siafles- The Cliyrurgeon-General is Jams Pearce, Efquire. The Marflial of the Horfe is Peter Smnh, Efquire. Befides the aforementioned Forces, there is a ftanding Militia by Land, of all Eagktid, fetlcd in the King, to be Governed, Ordered, and Enlarged frgm time to time, as His Majefty jfhall fee occafion. For the management of thefe ftanding Land- Forces, the King himfelf makes choice of di¬ vers of the Principal Peers of this Kingdom, and by Conimiffioncreates them Lord-Lieutenants of the feveral Counties of , with Pow¬ er to Arm , Array, and Form into Companies, Troops, and Regiments, to Condufl (upon occafion of Rebellion, or Invafionsj and em¬ ploy the Men fo armed , within the Counties Part %, of EN G LAN D.’ ar,d Places j for which the faid Lords are Com- Lord- miffionated , or into any other County, as the Lieuti- King (hall give Order, To give Coramffions nantt. to Colonels, or other Coinmiffionated Offi¬ cers, to prefent to the King, the Names of the Deputy-Lieutenants, who have, in the ab- fence of the Lord-Lieutenant, the fame Pow- er( and thefe are to be of the prime Gentry of the Country) to charge any perfon in the ; County with Horfe, Horfemen, and Arms, or I Foot-Souldiers and Arms, within the faid Coun-. I ty, proportionably to their Eftates, with limi-; i tation, that no perfon be charged with a Horfe, i unlefs he hath ■joo 1. yearly R evenue, or 6000 1. ' Peifonal Eftate. No perfon can be charged with ' a Foot-Soulclier,unlershe'hath 1. yearly Re- venue, or 6co /. Perfonal Eftate. Thofe that have meaner Eftates, are to joyn two or three , together, to find a Horfe and Horfeman, or a' Foot-Souldier. The fore-mentioned Horfe and Foot are to Mutter once or twice a y-ear , and each Horfe- man, during the time of the Muffer, to be al¬ lowed him, for whom he ferves, 2 5. a day, and each Foot-Soiiklier 12 d. a day. For furnifliing Ammunition, and other Ne- cefraries,the Lord-Lieutenant, orDeputy-Lieu- tenants,may Leavy every year one fourth part C if they judge it expedient) of each Mans pro¬ portion in the Tax of yocco L a Month upon the whole Kingdom; and in the cafe of march¬ ing againft an Enemy, they have power to caufe every Man fo charged, to allow each Souklier one Months Pay, which the King is after to Re¬ pay , before they may be charged with another Months Pay. Thefe Forces are always in rr adinefs, with all things necefl'ary,at tlie beat of Drum, or found Part 11 . H of 1^6 of Trumpet, to Appear, Miifter, and be Com. pleat with Men, Horfe and Arms, and are at certain times Trained and Difciplined, that they become able, skilful, and ufeful Souldiers. ■ Thefe are to be Commanded only within the Kingdom, for the ftcurity of the King and Kingdom, Subfervient in the (banding Mditiii, to the Lord-Lieutenant, and Deputy-Lieutenant, are the Juftices of Peace of every County, who upon all occafions, according to the Orders of - their Superiors, are to fend their Warrants to the High Conftable of the Hundred, or Petty. Contobleofthe Patilh, i?c. Triinid- Thefe are commonly called the Trainbands of Bands, every County, whereof tlie number is fo great, that in only five of the bigger Counties of Eng¬ land, there are to be found well provided, For. ty thoufand able lufty Men, ready to aflift the King upon all occafions y fo that in all times of peace, the King hath Six or fevenfcore thoii. fand Meninrolled', and wholly and foleiy at his difpofing, for the defence of his Kingdom of Evgliind. For the better fecuring of the Kingdom from Foreign Invalion, befides the Ships of War, (whereof more anon) there are upon certain eminent places of all parts of England, Medi- terraneas well as Maritime, high Poles ereci- ed, whereon are fiftned Pitch-Barrels, to be Eiamis- fired by night, and a Smoak made by day,there¬ by to give notice in few hours to the whole Kingdom of the approaching Invafions; where¬ upon the Inhabitants in Arms,make hafte to the Sea-coafts. Thefe are called Beacons, from the Saxon, Beacon, or Beacnm, to fliew by a 15 gn. In all times of danger, fome are fet to watch at every Beacon. , Partz. Of ENGLAND. Anciently there were many Caftles in all paits of Englini, but Inland Caftles generally have eitherbeen demoli/hcin latter times, or fittingly fulfered to decay, that to Rebels they might be no Ihelter, to Invaders no ftay, nor to the Invaded any refuge in Flight; and con- ;fegiiently, that there may not be any lingrUg War again in England, which is the gre^teft Mery and Calamity that can ever Ijappen to a Nation, In 1588. upon expeflationof the Spam/iAr- mado, ftilcfl Invindblt, there went forth from the Queen, Commiffions to Muftcr in all parts of England, all Men that were of perfeift Senfe and Limb, from the age of 16 to 5 o, except Noblemen, Clergy-men, Univerftty-Students, Lawyers, Of 5 cers,and fuch as had any publick, Charges, leaving only in every Parifh, fo many Husbandmen, as were fuificient to Till the Ground. In all thofe Mufters, there were then numbered three Millions; but of thofe, fit for War, about fix hundred thoufand. In another Mtifter of Queen Zliyahtth, there were found inali England,iit for War, of com¬ mon Souldiets,-about Four hundred tiiouland, and of thofe Armed and Trained, One hundred eighty five thoufand, befides Horfe, near Forty thoufand ■, .and that the Nubility and Gentry were then able to bring into the Field, of their Servantsand Followers, Twenty thoufand .den, Horfe and Foot," choice Men, and excellent Horfes, and in all, fit for War, and ready up¬ on all occafions, Six hundred forty twoThoufand, leaving fiifficient to Til! the Ground, and tofur- nift] Trades, befides Nobility, Gentry, b?c. H 2 A 147 A Lift of the Names of the prefent Lords, and others His Majefliss Lieutenants of the feveral Coun¬ ties and Places within the King- dom of England , and Dominion of -Wales,, ^ut in Alphahetkd Order. B Edford, Robert Earl ofjyleshir^i BirkiA-.n’-y Duke otHorftlk; ..«.-5.; r-crcfi?fr, ntnwi^-i^' m upon H»I/* ,, *-> Eail of rcrlftire ^i»‘‘!’- L Riding. The CIU 0? Union a Ueutenancy- oHt Jf, not tXva wtorf-Lieutenart, ecuted by the Lord Mllyor for the time being, Aldermen, and other Principal Members oftiie City j Authorized by a peculiar Commiffion from His Majefty. A Lift of the /aid prefent Lteuu- nancy is as follomth, OIrHc«ryT»/j 5 Kt.the O Lord Mayor., SkW^illkm furnir Kt. SkmUirn moksr Kt. Sir Robert Vimr Kt. and Barronet. Sir James Edtrards Kt. Sit John Moore Kt. Sir William' Prichard . Kt. Sir JamesSmith Kt.. Sir Rolen Jefries Kt. Sir VVillm Raefiern Kt. Sir John Speaks Kt. S\x Thomas Beckfird Kt, Sir John Chapman Kt Sir Simon Lems Kt. Sir Jonathan Raymond Kt. Sir George Jeferies Kt. and now Lord Chief Juftice of England, Sir John Culler Kt. Sir Richard Bromt Bar- ronet. SkRolert Knightly U, Sir Benjamin KevlandKl ■ SkvmiiamRuffd Kt. Sir John Mathews Kt. Sirmflw»)I?C(//MKt. Sir Rolert Adams Kt. John Stevenion Efq; Thomas Cowden Efq; Edtrard Beaker Efq; Adrian lluyney Efq; John Wallis Efqy JohnHichols Efqj John Gefreyt utqy Hugh Charlton Efq; jLnihony Sturt Elq; Jaroh Lucy Elqj VViUiam 'Parker Efq; VVilliam Withers Efq; Henry Loader Efq; Ralpls Box Efq^ Sir John, Buckyeorth Kt. Peter Ajlstorih , Efq; Chamberlain oTLondon. John Short Efq; Nathaniel Hawes E(q; Peter Daniel Efqj Thomas Part*: Of ENGLAND.. rkiM! r«r«m.Efq', Bickrii rl„m UiighmJ.% mge Eoriaw Efq^ SirJflffieJ mrd^' jf/jjjBiiff St«t/ E‘l> aVM:m Uedges^fA) \Hugh Stride Eiq; Wiliim Carpenter Efq; Willim B'Mler Efq; Willim Strong Elq; i Sir Thitnos GripthKt. 151 or any Seven, or more of them, whereof Three of the Quorum to he there. Of the prefent Maritime Power le- longing to the Crown of Eng¬ land. ssrSSiS SWISS'S r* wTeas Stofnffe'-HisMerchantsto £'SS! S £ T.W interrupted. Tt is true that In the wh of Elixaktb,pm carried 340 Mariners, 130 Souldlers, and but thirty pieces of Ordnance; the lefler Ships of War were of lou Tun, Foicy or Fifty Mariners,^ feven or eight Souldiers, and eight Guns. The Pinaces of Thirty Tun, Eighteen or Twenty Mariners, and Two or Four Guns ^fo fniaii was the Royal Fleet in thofe days, when out nextNeiglibor Nations were weak, and always engaged with Civil and Foreign Wars ; but now, that their ftrength at Sea- is of late fo prodigioully increafedj it will be moft expedi¬ ent for this Kingdom , to be always well pro¬ vided- And God be thanked, we have a Kmg that uhderftands better, and takes more delight- in Maritime Affairs, and Ships of War, than any of'his Royal ■ Anceftors, or any Suveraign Prince now living in the World; and who hath made it his chief bufinefs that way to fortify this Kingdom. The Forces of Potentates at Sea, - Sont dts Miiri^ues Je Grmdeur d’Efiat, faith a French Au¬ thor ; Whofoever Commands the Sea , Com¬ mands the Trade of the World; he that Com¬ mands the Trade, Commands the Wealth of the World, and confequently the World it felf. Again, as he that is Matter of the Field, is faid to be Matter of every Town , when it ttiall pleafe him; fo he that is Maflrer of the Sea, may, in fome fort, be laid to be Matter of every Country, at leatt of fuch as are bordering on the Sea ; for he is at liberty to begin, and end a War, where, and upon what terms he pleaP eth, and to extend his Cbnquefts, even to the Antifides, _To the Crown of E-ttgUni belongs the Do¬ minion of all the Narrow Seas, round about the whole Ittand of Gmi Briitaw, by antient Right, whereof Parts: Of ENGLAND. whereof it hath had polTcffion in all times. Firft, the Ahcrigines, or antientjSntoJjWere poflcft thereof, (as Mr. Selden makes appear) and in their Right theR«»s held it; then the S.ut»s'having gotten pofleffion of Evgknd, keptthat Dominion, their King Edgar, amongft his Royal Titles, callinghimfelf, Smm'gncf tk Htrrow Seas- Afterwards the Kornim poffeffing -England, claimed, and quietly pofleft the fame Domini¬ on', In Teftimony whereof, the Suedes, Dams', Hm-Toms, Bilhinders, Zealanders, Is/c. were wont to ask leave to pafs the BrittiJh Seas, and to take Licer.ces to fifll therein, and to this day, do ftrike Sail to all the Ships of War, belonging to the King of Tng/aBii, as oft as they pafs by an y one of them, thereby to exprefs, that they ac¬ knowledge the Soveraignty of the Sriltifi Seas to belong to the Ring of England, according to an Ordinance made at Brings in Stifx, by John, King of England, ahovit Four hundred and. fifty years ago. To rhaintain this Right and Title, to proteft Trade, to fabdue Pirats, to defend this King¬ dom againft hoftile Invafions, and to reduce Fo¬ reign Potentates to Beafon , the Kings of Eng¬ land have had (efpecially of latter times) acon- liderable number of Ships of War, for Strength, for Beauty and Sailing, (if not for number ) furpaffing all thofe of our Neighbor-Nat'ons; For Strength, by reafon of the molhexcellent E’lglifl) Timber, they are like fo many floating Cattles and Barbicans ; for Beauty fo propnr- tionably and fpac'oufly built, atid fo crrioiHy and riclily adcrmd, that they are as foniar.y Royal Palaces amongft other Ships at Sea i they are as fo many Lyons amongft other filly Bcaftj, or asEtgks amongft other Birds, « 5 Bijlcries Uijlaritt mention a great Fleet of Julius U- far, a Fleet of the afore-mentioned King Edgar, conlifting of Three thoufand fix hundred Sail; a Fleet of Lem, Son toPAi/ipKing o(Frmt, of Six hundred Sail, that arrived at Smdviih, to affift the Sjtglijh Earons againft King John-, bat thofe doubtlefs were but as fo many Cottages toCaftles, in refpeG of the prefent Ships of war. Hf»r> the VIII in the fifth year of his Reign, huilta Ship, then accounted the greateft that ever had been feen in Engka/d, and named it UenryGroci de Dim, or the Great Henry it was of 1000 Tun. In-the Eighth year of King jEi)wej, was built Ifthe Londoners, aShipof lUooTun, and called The Trades Intreafe, which being loft in the Eajl- Indies , King James caufed another to be built, of 1400 Tun, which being given to Prince Hen¬ ry ^ was by him named the Erince. King Charles the Martyr , perceiving the great ancreafe of Shipping in our Neibhour-Nations, and that the Soveraignty of thefe Seas was like to be difputed, amongft other great. Ships of War, built one greater than any Ship of War, either in England, or in any Country of Ei/rup.-, and named it The Royal Soveraign ; which, for a little diverfion, fliall here be more particularly deferibed. TheEcy^; Sowraignhmgz Ship of the firff Rate or Rank, built in the year One thoufand fix hundred thirty and feven, is in length by the Keel, One hundred twenty feven Foot, in breadth by the Beam , Forty feven Foot, in depth, Forty nine Foot, her draught of Water, Twenty one Foot, of Burden, in all, Two thou¬ fand feventy and two Tuns, and 1492 Tuns, be- fidesGuns, Tackle, iyc. This mighty moving Cafile of ENGLAND.. ^ Caftlehath fix Anchors, whereof the higgeft weighs 6000 A and the leaft 43 ?° ^ hath 14 Cables, whereof the greateft is 21 Inchesjn compafs, and weighs qcoo 1. her Jean: Cable be¬ ing eight Inches in compafs,weighing near 130CI. To the Riyal Sovereign belong eighteen Matts and Yards, whereof the greateft, called the min Mafl, is One, hundred and thirteen Foot long, and thirty eight Inches Diameter j her Mm-Tur'J, 10s Foot long, and 23 Inches Dia¬ meter , and her Main-Tof , Fifteen Foot Dia¬ meter: She hath Ten feveral forts of Sails of feveral Names, ( as every Ship of every one ot the fixth Rate hath) whereof her greateft Sail, called her Main-coiirfe, (together with her Bonnet) contains One thoufand fix hundred and forty yards of Canvas, Iffmh double, and the leaft Sail, called ¥ore-Uf-Galltmt Sail contains One hundred and thirty yards of Canvas. The charge of one compleat Suit of Sails for the So- woign, is '404 I- Sterling-Money. The weight of the Sea ftore, in point of Ground Tackle, and other Cordage, is Sixty Tuns, eight hun¬ dred and odd pounds- ^ , d' She' carries a Long Boat of fift^; Foot a Pin¬ nace of Thirty fix Foot, and a SkiffofTwenty feven Foot long. _ , ,. The weight of her Rigging three and thir- ^^She’^hath three Tire of Guns, all of Brals, whereof there are forty four in her upper Tire, Thirtv four in her fecond Tire, and Twenty two in her lower Tire; in all One hundred She carries in all, of Officers, Souldiers, and ' Mariners, Eight hundred and fifty Men. Finally, her whole Charges for Wages, Vi- i Iluals, Amffiunition, Wear and Tear, for eve- is6 fy Month at Sh, cofts the King 3500 /. Ster¬ ling, as hath been computed by a very skilful Peifon. The Charges of building a Ship ofthe Firft Kdte, together with Guns, Tackle, and Rig. ging, (betides Viffualling) doth ordinarily a- mount to about 62432 1, Thofe of lower Rates proportionably. Here Parti; Ot ENGLAND;, ■% 57 . Here Morveth aUSc oftheMflf 460 70 1174 460,70 JI05 340 58 987 420 70 7^3 355 (52 2058 460 70 1000 4(Sff 70 109S 460 70 725 340 .(8 ^95 J40 fio ■ Mmmoiiib^ part j/lminoKth, Momague, Utrh mihumkrkndt New. Old Jam, TindeiwU , New. Plpmih, Refelulioa , Rejicratm, Rewiige, RcplOak, New, Rmrt, , &tirling-Ctlllt,^z'^7 Sufolkj, New. Sm/tfiire, Warffight, m, ’ Of ENGLAND. Tuns.Men.Guns. 880 400 66 809 795 365 <54 -1000 460 70 1000 460 70 193 460 70 752 340 60 ■ 885 420 7 » 1032 460 62 762 360 74 J107 478 74 813 400 ^<5 1144 460 70 jcoo 460 70 978 420 70 892 420 76 734 340 ^ Fourth Rate. ships, Adenture > AdvKt, Atitelcpe , Affifiance , Afurance, Bomdveniure, Srijld, Charles Gaily-, NeW. Centurion , Croton, Gonjlatit-Warmc^, St. David, Diamond » Dover, Dragon, faulcon , Brefight Tiins.Men,Guns 3 432 190 44 545 230 48 576 230 48 555 230 48 372 180 42 510 230 48 547 230 48 52(5 220 32 531 230 48 ,jjo 230 48 374 180 44 630 280 54 550 230 4 ^ 544 230 41 479 4 < 3(57 J85 4 ; 538 230 4 ; Gmufisl tS9 i6o Ships. . Greeimitch. Goldtn-Horfe, Prize. Hmffiire . Happy Return- M>y. jmes Galley.- Kmgs-FjJher. Lecpard. I/lary Rofe. NeacaJHe. ' Honfuch. Oxford. ■ Tort[moutk ■ ■ ■ Pcrlland. : Trincefs.' Pirenix-. : Referve. . . Ruly. Sitallstr. Smep-ftaie's- SUvereene. Tyger . Weohich. Tanmu’.b- lyger-, Prize, Tuns,Men Guns. • <559 '280 56 470 220 if 623 280 56 558 230 4S 433 200 30 664. 220 46 676 288 54 555 230 43 625 280 ■ 54 • J45 180 42 677 280 54 468,220 46 588 .240 50 620 280 54 538 330 , ■532 230 48 559 230 48 376 '180 42 548; 230 48 457 190 44 716 280 54 ■ 628 280 54 Fifth Rates, Ships. T>M-free,Vrhe Parnmlh. Garland, Giienifey- P/lermaid- Her mb. Orang’-tne^V'm 'i; Pearl. ■ Richmond. Tiins.Men Guns. 265 ifo 28 165 135 J2 255 ‘30 30 255 130 :o 294 135 3-2 256 .130 31 ' 244 140 2? 260 130 30 223 123 28 260 130 30 Roje, Part z. ships. Of ENGLAND, Tuns. Men. Guns. mire. Siccefe. kilJeTKofe, Prize. 234 I2S 28 30s 135 32 34<5 135 32 2 P 9 155 32 Firelhips, being Fifth Rates. Ships. Hm md chripfhir. CiflU. Fj/e. fi'imke. Fmng SfTdgg. / ]>hn and Tuns.Men.Guna. 250 4S 8 240 45' 30; .45'>2 232-35 S 083 25 6 c8o so 70 Smpfon , Sfinijh I ^ erchnt . Tkm and Caiherm . Cilmjfe . Sixth Rates. Ships. Tuns.Men.Guiis Sral ^. - 151 75 i<5 hnfan . 033 sa 04 frar . cis , »45 75 i<5 Greyhoundi 175 75 ’99 85 18 Muc ^ 144 75 .1(5,. Sahdfis . 180 75 1(5 Ketches* Ketches. yachts. T. M. G. i Yachts. T. M. G, 100 30 8 Be^tn. 035 08 4 Ckrlts 38 8 Cbarlct 142 . 30 8 Clivtiund 103 30 8 Dial 28 08 4 J'!») 2$ 04 4 Jfleo/Wight 08 4 Kitchin 105 (O 8 ' Spinbor- oso 04 4 mgb. Kaiherini. 135 30 Mary, 166 30 Mirlitt. 109 30 Mtnmmihio'i 30 Havy. 074 30 Porif- mouth 133 30 Quinbmugb, Bkhnmd, 064. 30 i Ms. 30 Sloopsand Hoyes. j sloops and Hoyes. T. M. G. I T, M. G, Bmta. 57 10 4 Chatham, to 4 Dove. 19 10 41 Experimiut, 24 10 4 Emfmth. 39 10 -4 ffcani. 50 10 4 Hunter, 46 10 4 Inventim. 28 10 4 Preventim, 4<5 10 4 Sfye, 28 10 4] Dll. chat- 50 10 4 ham, Tranfpcrter. 5 0 Vfl/ Cumber land, and \ Hetp-Cajlle. d .£/«. Gleajlir. Ker.t. L'woln la Aqnh m- I ffifth. f Lmcajler. mfoik Sufelk; trekmijj Sir John Moksirerth, Kt, MrScjOT«Judg. Sir Jonathan Tn Bit. IPiffin'nEarlofPfri)'. •Sir tim- Baldwin, Judg.j Sir EdtiiardBey'i:our,'Ri’,\ Doftor Majlert Judg' The. Earl of Shafb Charles'EzTl ofCarlif-t, Sit John Brampfion. 7hoinasCheJler, Efq; Heneage Earl of IVk' chelfea. George Vifcouht Cajlk-^ ion. William Earl of Verl The Earl of Tarmouth. Major Thtr.as Alien. Dr. Falcenberg, Dr. rfLattes, Judg. part a. 6f ENGLAND: SitJohnVelhitm, Bar. Sir Edanrd Low, Kt. Dr. of Lows, Judg. iSatkwifion or Homf- Sic Roheit Holmes,Kt. jiire and the Ip of Sir Richard Lloj/d, Kt. Wight. Dr. of Laws, Judg. Smirfet and City _ and County of L Sir f homos Bridges, Kt, Briflol. S Hri. the Kxrl of mulgrate. Mr. HraJ«/4/»/w/Ju(lg. Ifa/ej South parts. sir EdwardManfd, Bar. m.miter IAanfd,]nig. Wales North parts. Ribert Vifcounc Buckle.)'. For tranfafling of Maritime AiFairs, the Lord^ H gh Admiral hath Courts of his own, whereuf iliat at London is the Principal or Supreani, uhere allPrccefs and Proceedings runs m his Name, and not in the Kings, as it doth in all Common-Law Courts. ' In this Court, ufually called the Court of Admiralty, he hath a Lieu- tenant, called (f the Adinimlt^t "’ho is commonly fome Learned Doftor of the Chil Law, and is at prefent S’r Leolme Jenkjns, Kt. fi) eminent for his Foreign Negotiations,and was kteoneof His Majefties Principal Secretaries 1 of State. . : The Proceeding , in this Court, in all Cm/ . Matters, is according to the Civil Law, becaufe the Sea is without the limits of the Common- law, but under the furifdiCtm, there- fore the Cini/-Z.aw only (all Common-Law fedu- the.Defendant on the contrary, fecuring the Plaintiff, by fufficient Surety or Caution, astbe Judge lhall think meet, that he '.vill apptar in judgement,and pay that whichfliall be adjudged againft him, and that he will ratify and allo.v all that his Proftor lhall do in his Name, where¬ by the Clients are well-aflhred, to obtain ti nt which by Law lhall be adjudged to them, let the Caufe fall on with fide foever. In the Admirdtj Court of FMglmd , ufe is made, not only of the CiulMairj, but the Laws of Rhodes and Oleron, wherof the former is an Ifland in the Medittmmn Sen, about twenty miles diftant from the Continent ot'Jjiu-Mimr, and is now under the Tiiri, the antient Inhabi¬ tants whereof, by their mighty Trade, and Power atSea, grew foexpert in the Regulation .ofall Mnrhime Matters and Differences,and tlieir Determinations therein w.e efteemed fo juft and equitable, that their Laws in fucli affairs, have ever fince been obferved for Or..[Us. Tliofe Laws were long ago lacorporated into the Vo- iumcs of the Civil Ln-r: And the Romans, who gave Laws to other Nations, and oxcellfd s!l .Nation? in making of good Laws, yet for their Sea-affairs, referred all Debates and Contro- verfies to tlic'Judgment of thdeMhodian Laws, Cle’-on is an blind antiently belonging to the Crown cf England, fcjted in the Bay oF.^yoi- ' t we, r.ot far from tlie Month of the Oanom.i, ■where onrFamous Warrior, King R'lhard the Firlt, caufed to be compiled futh excellent Lavs for Sea-Matters, that in the Ccear.-Sca Weft- ■ward, ihey had almolf as much icjinte as the .Rhodian Laws in th.e AUdinn.v.'aa and theie Laws were calle;! La Reel d’Olercn. Ling ^dteard tile Third, (who firft erefled this PartJ. Of ENGLAND. this Court of Admdtj, as fome hold) made it iliiinliomgh, 137^. very excellent Couftitu- tioiis, concerning Miritimi Affairs, and many Statutes and Ordinances have been made by other Princes and People, as at Rome, Pifit 0mm, Morulles, Birceloni, and Mefftm, yet that fragment of ths ilAod/iin extan^ with the Comments thereon, by the Old >rij- iiiifidts inferted in the VmdeSs, and the Con- ftitutions made by the Ronm Emperors, con¬ tained in the Code, and in the Koville!, ftiU. holds the Pre-eminence, The Cuftoms and former Decrees, of the Enelilh Court-of Admirol^sKthete offeree, for decking of Controverlies. Under this Court there is alfoaCourt of Eyahy, for determining differences between Merchants. . , , ^ In Criminal Affairs, which is commonly about Piracy,' the proceeding in this Court was by Accuhition and Information, according to the Cwd Liv, by a Mans own Confeffion, or Dye- witnefles, found guilty, before he could be con¬ demned ; But that being found inconvenient, there were two Statutes made by Renry the Eighth, That criminal Affairs Ihould be triM 'of Witni'ffes, and a Jury,-and this by fpecial Commiflion cf the King, to the Lord Admrd-, wherein fome of the Judges of the Realm are ever Commiffioners, and the Tryal according to the Laws of F.nglmd direfled by thofe Sta- Between Common Lnn orBigland, and the Admirolty, there I'ceras to be Dmfm Imye- riiim-, for in the Sea, fo far as the Low.wa- ter-Mark is obferved, that is counted, hifro Cor- miCommitomndjocenlis, and caufes thence ari- ffiiv, are determinable by the Common-Urr, 57^ ^?efent^tate y,et when the Sea is full, the Admird hath Junldia-ion there alfo, (fe long as the Sea flows) over Matters done between the Low-wa- ter-Mark, and the Land, as appears in Sir Umr] Canjlahles CsCe, -j. Ript>'l,Co{e,\>. 107. For Regulating and Ordering His maieRies Navies, Ships of War, and Forces by Sea, fee thofe excellent Articles and Orders, in Slat, 13. Car. 2. Cap. 9. Of the NAVY-OFFICE, xohere the whole Bufinefs concerning the Kings NAVY-ROYAL is ma¬ naged. "^He management of the Navj.Ropl under ± the Lcrd Him ADMIRAL of England, ]S entrufted with the Principal Officers, and Commiflioners of the Navy. The Principal Officers are Fcur- Treajartr. The Firft is the Lord Vifcount Ful/^and, Treafurer of the Nav), whofe Office is to re¬ ceive out of the Exchequer, by Warrant from the Lord Treafurer of England, or Lords Com- miffioners executing that Place •, and to pay all Charges of the Kazj, bv Warrant from the Principal Officers of the Navy; for which he had formerly a Salary of 2201. 135, ^d. per an¬ num ^ befides 3d. per pound out of all Moneys paid by him 3 but hath now an Honourable Al¬ lowance certain from his Mjjefty in lieu there¬ of,-o;y 5000,;/. ffr annum, and Sod l.perarmum more for his Inftaiments. The Partz. Of ENGLAND. i7'3 The Second is, the Comptroller of the Hivy, Cowpiol- i,tKuh.nd H.r^ia^,whore Office is to attend ler. and Coniptroll all payments of Wage», to know the Market rates of all Stores belonging to fliippin*^; to cxamin anrl aiuVt all Trealu- lers, Viftuallers, and Store-keopers Accounts, i5£. his Silary is 500 /. yearly, ’lo tb>s 0“ce of Comptroller, is lately added an Affittant, C?. ThcM, lU}ter, Efq; at the yearly Salary " The ^third is, the Surveyor of the mvy, Survepr. Sir Tell! Tifpiis, K.t.\vhore office is g«“-"'ly to know tlie ftate of all Stores and fee he wants Pjpplyed, to Survey the hulls. Marts, a d yards, and eftimate the value of Repairs ; Uy Indenture, to chsrge all ^oatbyams, and Car- pen'ters of his Mrefties K.uy, vvitn what S ores they receive, and at the end of , to state and Audit their Accornpts, his Salary '^The Fourth TsT Clerk of the Alts, Jmes CUrkf Sethera, Efq^ whofe Office is to Record all Or- (Je ders. Contrafls, Bills, Warrants, and other Bu- finelTes tranfaaed by the Pr'^cipal Officers and Commiffioners oftheNayy, at the Salary of 500 I. fir mmm- . Tht Commiffwmrs of the N^vy m Four. Firft is, 5': John Korboraush, wdio executes that nart of the Comptroller of the Nan; s SSy.'Skh retes tf ,?“S' the Victuallers Accounts-, Sallary 500/. per hm. . Q^rnnd Is Sir Vhlneii Pott, who executes an- other part of the faid Comptrollers ?LTtotheComptroll of the Accoantso^ Storc.keepers of the feveral Yards, hisyearly Silary is 500,/. 174 Third is, Sir Richurd Befch, who refides at Portfmuth, and has the care of managing ofliis Majefti^sKav^at that Port; his Salary 500/. Fourth, is Sir John Godwin, who I'ffidc-s jt Ch.itbam, and has the fame charge of Affai;s in the Kings Yard there; his Salary 5C0/. p.y The aforefaid Principal Officers and Con-: milfioners, do hold their Offices by Patent, un¬ der the Great Seal of England: And fince the great increale of His Majefties Havy, hare he- veral Clerks under each of them, with Sala- nes allowed by the King, for the difpatch of the bulinefs of the Hwyt under their refpeOive managements. Jrlfr r ^he Viaualling of his Maj -flies Mavy, hath Contrsfh, but is tb! £vf..tr by Commiifion, and entrufted Sir Richard Haddoc, I John Farfons,''i,,r‘ • Alderman Sturt, I Richolas Finn, /E'flmres, with the Yearly Salary of 400 1, per mriiii Each. There are belonging to His Majefties Mazy, Ms. great Yards, viz. at Chatham, Veftford, Wmlmch, Portfmouth, and Sheernrfs, where His Majefties Royal Ships are laid up in Harbor : which Yards are fitted with feveial Docks,' wnarrs, JLanches, and Craving-places, for the Building, Repairing, and Cleaning of His Ma- jefties Ships; and therein are Lodged great quantities of Timber, Maftsj'Ranks, Anchors, and other Materials. There are alfo convenient Storehoufes in each Yard, in which are laid up. vaft.quantities of CabIes,Rigging, Sails, Blocks, Part2.-'0{-EI^GLAND. ■ and all other forts of Stores, needful for His Majefties mj-KopL la thcfe Yards are employed divers Officers, lie Principal whereof, with their yearly . Sala- :ies are as follow^ *7? At Cbatlwi'l Salarys. I- Clerk of the Check, Edmd Gregor). S'ore-keepet, EdWirn' Pwa. Matter-Attendant, Rkkrd Ifittler- ■His Affiftant, Siim Vuaing. Matter Shipwright, RebeitLee. Clerk of the Survey, Edmrd Bnmymd, 2« 124 , 133 076 070 160 Dqtford. ^ Clerk of the clique, I(‘>id. Ed'uhurg. Store-keeper, PrmisHofter. Matter-Attendant, thorns Wdjhm Matter-Shipwright, John Shijh. His Affiftant, FijJrr Clerk of the Survey, John Sheere, Woolwich. /. 181 30$ 124 133 070 II4 Clerk ofthe Cheque, Stephen Bunte. Store-keeper, Robert Smith. _ Matter- Attendant, Anthony Smith._ Matter-Shipwright, ThcmnsShilh. Clerk of Che Survey, JehMhm. Portfmouth. Portfmouth, Salaries, 1 . Clerk ufthe RobertSh^lsSt ip^ Store-keeper, 1 hekkre Cartis. 259 Attendant, KohertSmnll. 124 Mafter-Shipwrighf, Ifmc Beits. 161 HhAMm, mllwnStigkit. 05^ Clerk oft-hs survey, Edpnrd Biiitm. ic2 Sheernefs 1 . Clerk oF the Cheque, Richurd Barkr. 114 Store keeper, John Dams. 131 Mifter-Attendant, Edmrd Alford. 131 jMafter-Sliipivright, Jo[efh Lumtice. 131 Clerk of the Survey, Widinm Dorns. olia Note, That the’Charges of the CIsrks and Inftriiments, are included in the Salaries before! mentioned. The King hath alfo another Yard at Hnrmch, which is chiefly made ufe of,in the times of fome great Sea-War •, and there are alfo Officers to take care of the Stores there, Befides the afore-mentioned Yards, His Ma- jefty hath divers .great Rope,Yards, as at Wtol- rohh, Chnthm, Torifnmth, &c. wlierein are made Cables, and ail forts of Cordage for his faid Navy, All the faid Officers, and whole Navy-Office, are Governed by tl,e lord-High,Admiral of Englml, whofe .Secretary- is Smuel Refis, El(j^ Partz.' Of ENGLAND. r77 ECi; he hrath from the King the yearly Salary of ^'^All’ the other Uhder-Cfficers, as well thofe in the feveral Yards, as thofe belonging to any of His Ma'iefties Ships, hold their Places by Warrant' from the Lord High Admiral durantt hi plicito. The ordinary Charge of his Majefties Niyy j for a year, in times, of Peace , continuing in H-irbor, is fo well regiilited,. that it amounts to fcarce 13000: A I mean, befides all Charges of Building of Ships, tc. And befides the fetting forth of Fleets, which even at tl.e time when we had only a War with AlgUn, amounted at lead to 300000 /. fir unti- as may be eafily com¬ puted by the number of Men at Sea in Pay, which were at feweft, fuppofed to he 600c, and are always reckoned to ftand the King m At.per mtnjem each Min, including all Charges, as ViHuals, Wages, Wear and Tear : Ry which calculation we may alfo compute what this late Fieet newly arrived from Tangier., and other Ships elfewhere, according to the precedent Lift, which have been out at Sea this laft year, muft have flood his Majefly in. So that the Englifli Subjeas need not long wonder, how their former (I am fare I cannot fay 1 heir late ) hrge Contributions and Aids have been ipent, but rather how this Kingdoms neceffiry Expen- ces Ihould be difcharged with fo much lefs than ourneighbour-Nitions can with all their frugality defray theirs, where the daily Com- plaints are, That by Cuftoms and Excizes,by Tallies and Gabels, more Money is every year fuueezed from the Subjea, than was done in Twenty years together in their Anceflors I 178 OF THE CITY 0 F LO N D ON. L O H-D 0 M being the E-piime of Eiii' land, the Seat of the Bntijh Empire, tk Chamber of the King, and the chiefeft Emfmim or Town of Trade in t!is World, it will not be impertinent to gime feme account, thereof. To defctibe particularly all things-in this Ci¬ ty, worthy to be known,-, would take up a whole Volume; therefore according to the intended brevity of this Treatife, hereih-all be inferted only 7IS •mKiai MagnalU Londim, fuch things as Strangers and Foreigners com¬ monly count remarkable. Talsethen.a fummary.Accountofthe Name, ' Antiquity, Situation^ Magnitude, Streets, Hou- fes. Number of Inhabitans-, Pariih-Churches, Cathedral, Royal Exchange, River, Conduits, Aquediifls, Trade, Government, Eublick Halls of Companies, of the Tosver, Bridge, Ciiftom- Houfe, Publick Officers, Colledgea-,. Srhoolf, Hofpitals, Work-Hou fes,. itr. Umi. d/oN ON-;'fo called , as fonie conjeflure, Oom Z/ongdin the Brit;/) word, fignifying in thc Saxcn Tongue Siiiicn , or Town of Ships, was built, partz. orEN< 3 LAND. 179 built, as fome write ,..1108 years before the bi th of our. Saviour, that is now 2779, years ty. VO in the time of S«e of Foreign Enemies, or be annoyed by theboy- fterous Winds, and unwholfome Vapours of the S»r yet not fo far, but that, by the help of L xide, every Twelve houn. Ships of |ea_t Burden may be brought into her very Bofom, Lyet fofar, but that it may enjoy the milder, warmer Vapours of the E^Jlern, Smhnn , and IVinerti SeJ ; yet fo far up in the Counta-y, as it might alfoeafily partake even of all the Coiin- ytommoditieV: in an excel ent A-^ upo: the^Norri. fide of the R ver , ( ^^The Villages feated on the Sauh fide are noted to b. im healthy, in regard of the Vapours dracvn upon them by the Sun, burrougheil by gentle _H 11 s, from the mth and StiS Winds : it lies m 51 Degree, 30 Minutes Latitude. i5p €:i^e fothat as Corn may eafily .be brought, and Cattle commodjoiifly driven unto it by Land’ ■ fo thofe heavy., thon.gh heceflary Cqmmodi! ties, H,ay and Fuel, are more cheaply conveyed by Water, In a word,' all the Bleffings of Land and Sea near about, and by the benefit of Ship- ' ping, all the Bleffings of the Terreftrial Glob: may be faid to be here enjoyed , above any Ci¬ ty of the World. CitfoflflNP(p/y,-yvith its Suburbs and inde. Pmres adjpeent, is of a va-ft exteniion ; from , mearured to the end of Tctk, or ruttlejre^ty . from to mjl, -is above 7SC0 Grome-trical Paces, tliat is, above feyen Eiglift Miles and a half; and from the farther end of Bhc^mujlreet in Sciuhark^, 'to the, end of Si. leemrd Shoreditch, is 2