INTERCHURCH WORLD MOVEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA WORLD SURVEY CONFERENCE ATLANTIC CITY JANUARY 7 to 10, 1920 PRELIMINARY Statement and Budget for American Ministerial Support and Relief PREPARED BY SURVEY DEPARTMENT AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF DIVISION T HIS Survey statement should be read in the light of the fact that it is preliminary only, and will be revised and enlarged as a result of the dis¬ cussions and recommendations of the World Survey Conference. The entire Survey as revised will early be brought together in two volumes, American and Foreign, to form the basis of the financial campaign to follow. The “Statistical Mirror” will make a third volume dealing with general church, missionary and stewardship data. INTERCHURCH WORLD MOVEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA WORLD SURVEY CONFERENCE ATLANTIC CITY JANUARY 7 to 10, 1920 PRELIMINARY Statement and Budget for American Ministerial Support and Relief PREPARED BY SURVEY DEPARTMENT AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF DIVISION MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF There is something wrong when a business man is content with having a minister who receives a smaller salary than one of his subordinate clerks. M ORE than half of the clergy in America receive salaries less than the minimum subsistence of the ordinary workingman’s family. The United States income tax returns list only 1,671 ministers as having an income, including salary, of $3,000 a year. This is less than one per cent, of the entire number. The minister has one chance in a hundred of receiving a $3,000 salary; the lawyer has one in five; the doctor one in seven, and the manufacturer one in ten. Not four ministers in a thousand receive a $5,000 salary. The middle line of salaries varies somewhat in different sections and churches, but in no instance does the majority of the ministers receive in excess of $1,000. The cost of living has increased more than eighty per cent. It has been accompanied by a like increase of wages, and workingmen have been able to maintain or even to improve their standard of living. But the increase of ministerial salaries in twenty years has not been twenty per cent. That the minister makes ends meet financially stamps him as the master business man of his time. Inadequate salaries make widening gaps in the ministerial ranks by compelling efficient men to seek other means of supporting their families and by preventing the recruiting of the ablest and best young men. PROFITEERING IN SOULS 1 0W salaries are not due to the poverty of j the laymen, who profit by the sacrifices and vows of the ministers and do not pay the cost value of their services. Most ministers pay more to preach the gospel than the laymen pay to hear it. The per capita payment of the average layman is decreasing. He pays no more than his father or his grandfather did and less than he himself paid a decade ago. The high-salaried, large and rich churches pay less per member than does the church at large. “We have more members and need not pay so much” seems to be the rule. Laymen do not pay even a tithe of a tithe —one per cent.—of their income to maintain the church and its minister. While church mem¬ bership is increasing more rapidly than popula- lation, the financial barometer points down¬ ward. The minister is exploited for every good cause, while the plight of his family is little less than tragic. This is unfair and cruel, and makes it 4 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF impossible for him or his family to benefit by the schools, hospitals and other products of his labor, except on the basis of charity. When the minister, through old age or disabil¬ ity, ceases to be the “Indispensable Man” he at once becomes the retired minister, or, “The Forgotten Man.” PENSIONS OR POVERTY U NTIL recently provision for the care of retired ministers was based on charitable grounds and the plea was, “Pity the poor old minister.” As a result, pitiable grants were doled out on proof of poverty. An improved status, from that of charitable aid to one of definite support, has been adopted by several denominations in recognition of an inherent claim to a pension determined by years of service. The appeal for benevolent gifts for clerical destitution has given place to plans for the prompt payment of just and well-earned claims. It is as reasonable to expect an aged or disabled carpenter or farmer to earn a living by preach¬ ing as to expect a disabled or retired minister to earn a livelihood in some secular pursuit. In a day when nations, states, cities, schools, corporations and manufacturing establishments are providing for the old age of faithful em¬ ployes as a matter of economic justice it seems strange that the last among the faithful ser¬ vants to be thus rewarded should be the retired clergyman. After teaching the principles of fairness which have created pension plans in a thousand in¬ dustrial, commercial and municipal institutions the church must not lag in recognizing the faith¬ ful and lifetime service of its ministers. The church has the opportunity of permanently solving the problem. Buildings must be re¬ newed, enlarged and extended as the years go by, but an endowment for the benefit of the old minister, the widow and the orphan will abide forever. That the services and worth of both active and retired Christian ministers demand of the laymen an adequate support is a fundamental policy of the Interchurch World Movement. The endowment necessary to accomplish this is included in its budget. THE SUBMERGED HALF T HE survey discloses the acute situation as to ministerial support and the duty and imperative necessity that rests upon the church to provide adequate compensation for its ministers, active and retired. The total salaries paid in 1916 to the 170,000 clergymen of the United States was $125,000,- 000. Not half of them received more than $700. The greater number received less than the minimum subsistence of the ordinary work- . ingman’s family. Even with allowances for rent-free houses the cost of food alone in many instances would exhaust the minister’s income. The United States income tax returns for 1918 —which give the entire income, not the salary alone—show that only 1,671 of the 170,000 active clergymen—not one per cent.—came within the tax limit of $3,000: 438 ministers had a total income of $3,000 to $4,000. 404 ministers had a total income of $4,000 to $5,000. 275 ministers had a total income of $5,000 to $ 6 , 000 . 162 ministers had a total income of $6,000 to $7,000. 392 ministers had a total income above $7,000. SALARIES IN CITIES ARSONAGES are found principally in cities or larger towns, where only one-sixth of all the ministers live and where salaries are uniformly larger as indicated by the following table: Average salary Cities of 300,000 or more. $1,223 “ “ 300,000 to 100,000. 1,110 “ “ 100,000 to 50,000. 1,063 “ “ 50,000 to 25,000. 972 “ below 25,000. 573 DENOMINATIONAL AVERAGES Averages are misleading because the greatest number of ministers are in the small salary list. MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 5 The larger salaries make the average a maxi¬ mum amount for most of them. The average of salaries below $1,000 would be much less than $700. There is a wide range of differences in these denominational averages: Average salary Episcopalian. $1,242 Presbyterian (North). 1,177 United Presbyterian. 1,096 Reformed Church (Dutch). 1,170 Methodist Episcopal (North). 1,176 Congregational. 1,042 Baptist (Northern). 950 After eliminating stated supplies and occasional pastors the Congregational Church in 1916 paid to one-half of its entire ministry less than $1,000 a year. The increase in the average salary during the twenty-six years (1890 to 1916) was but one and one-tenth per cent. Reports from 4,971 of the 6,103 Congrega¬ tional churches showed that 2,783 churches paid less than 1,340 u a u 6 6 517 a n a 66 165 u a 66 6 6 89 a n 6 6 66 40 u u 66 66 37 n a 66 66 $ 1,000 1,000 to $1,500 1,500 to 2,000 2,000 to 3,000 3,000 to 4,000 4,000 to 5,000 5,000 or more The Protestant Episcopal Church usually pays its clergy better than do other denominations. Yet half of them receive less than $1,500 a year —a sum which is regarded by government economists as the minimum on which a family can be decently maintained. In New England, the Middle West and on the Pacific Coast— where salaries are higher than the average— twenty-eight clergymen receive less than $500 a year; fifty-three receive from $500 to $750; eighty-four from $750 to $1,000; 506 from $1,000 to $1,500; and only fifty-eight including bishops and general officers, receive $3,000 or more. The highest of these salaries is about the same as that of an expert roller in a steel mill, the lowest is lower than any wages paid in the steel industry. their ministers and to groups of ministers at different ages: Age of minister Average salary Average dur¬ ing his entire ministry up to the age stated Group ages Average salary ' 21 $983 $700 20-29 $1043 25 998 701 30-39 1305 30 1225 856 40-49 1577 35 1217 900 50-59 1383 40 1531 1046 60-64 1188 45 1387 939 65-69 957 50 1469 1014 70-74 658 55 1167 902 75 plus 450 60 1396 1153 65 1035 840 70 719 600 75 480 550 The Methodist Episcopal Church (North) re¬ ports for 1918 that 1,932 ministers received less than $500. 4,136 ministers received from $500 to $1,000. 4,719 ministers received from $1,000 to $1,500. 1,739 ministers received from $1,500 to $2,000. 776 ministers received from $2,000 to $2,500. 374 ministers received from $2,500 to $3,000. 179 ministers received from $3,000 to $4,000. 48 ministers received from $4,000 to $5,000. 15 ministers received $5,000 or over. Only one Methodist minister in ten received $2,000 or over; 10,787 received less than $1,500; 6,068 less than $1,000; and 1,932 less than $500. The churches of the Northern Baptist Conven¬ tion pay only eight per cent, of their ministers as much as $1,500 per year; and with the ex¬ ception of a few men residing in large cities the average salary is $683, or one-third of the present wages of an untrained, unskilled foreign-born laborer. The Table of Ministerial Salaries is significant. Returns are by no means complete since the information is not usually accessible in printed form. The percentages are larger than those of the church as a whole but their lesson is impressive. The Disciples of Christ pay average salaries to Out of every hundred ministers only one re- 6 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF ceives $4,000 or more; two receive $3,000 or more; seven receive $2,000 or more; sixteen receive $1,500 or more; and eighty-four receive less than $1,000. Thirteen ministers out of every hundred receive less than $500. Classification 1 per cent, of ministers receive $4,000 or more 1.4 (( u a 4.6 U u a 9.3 a u a 32.6 u (( u 38.6 a a a 12.7 a u a 3,000 to $4,000 2,000 to 3,000 1,500 to 2,000 1,000 to 1,500 500 to 1,000 500 or less SALARIES BY STATE GROUPS F OR the sake of analysis and as a matter of convenience and comparison we have listed the states of the Union in five groups under the following classification: 1. The New England States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont. 2. The North Atlantic States: Delaware, Dis¬ trict of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia. 3. The South Atlantic and Gulf States: Ala¬ bama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas. 4. The Central States: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ne¬ braska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. 5. The Rocky Mountain and Pacific States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washing¬ ton, Wyoming. The condition of the church as to ministerial salaries in these state groups is shown by the following table which gives the combined sum¬ mary of these groups for all the reporting de¬ nominations: . C3 f-i o 4-3 G s s CLASSIFICATION OF SALARIES Group S b ai cs f-t 4) > >> -2 C3 S a a> O) £ bo C3 I-, 0) O Q. > <1 Less than $500 $500 to $1000 $1000 to $1500 $1500 to $2000 $2000 to $2500 $2500 to $3000 $3000 to $4000 $4000 to $5000 $5000 and Over 1. New England States .... 1085 5.84 368 872 738 286 136 68 63 16 16 2. North Atlantic States . . . 3. South Atlantic and Gulf 1034 4.00 476 1453 576 682 372 181 87 26 19 States. 737 3.38 245 259 94 32 9 2 4 , , . . 4. Central States. 5. Rocky Mountain and 960 4.75 1194 3902 4160 1220 409 188 102 33 31 Pacific States. 926 6.00 360 812 688 213 86 46 29 9 5 1 The United States. 937 4.39 2643 7298 6256 2433 1012 485 285 84 71 The reports from the South Atlantic group were limited by the fact that those of the Southern Baptist Convention and a number of smaller denominations were not reported. MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 7 ISHPEMING and NEGAUNEE Land of Shadows 4567 SALARIES from Pitiable $70 Economies $ 600 -$5°° i ’overty i4oo A Land of the 1 Deepening. Ik Shadows 1502 SALARIES of $500 OR LESS NEGAUNEE 4 th. Heaven ISHPEMING TW~~— SALARIES $40 0 0 and OVER A Generous Provision 3rd Heaven 162 SALARIES from A Just $ 3000™$4000 Recognition 2nd Heaven Twilight Zone 5*46 SALARIES from A Comfortable $2000™$3000 Support 1095 SALARIES FROM $1500^52000 A Living Wage The Earth 3 $67 SALARIES from ^4 ^ 1000 T0 $1500 Subsistence x?,% •'.:?*» ' .-.A r T AY-BAY-WAIN-DUNG, an Ojibway Indian Medicine Man, explained to his adopted son, Kee-tchee-me-wah-nah-nah-quod, the future life as taught by the Ojibway. The first “layer” of that life is a sort of Ojibway purgatory, Negaumee, out of which after a while an indian may make his escape to earth. If he finds the tribal totem-pole he may climb up into the first “layer” of heaven. In due time, he may pass through the second and third “layers” of the upper world into the fourth heaven, Ishpeming , the home of the best of the good Indians. There “Monedoo,” the great and good God lives. The conditions disclosed by the survey of ministerial support are significantly illustrated by “Negaunee”—the minister’s “Land of the Deepening Shadows” of financial poverty—and “Ishpeming,” his Heaven of Adequate Support 8 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF Professional Salaries Y ALE university, recognizing the inadequacy of the salaries paid to its faculty and the losses of men who were compelled to leave the staff for more profitable work, has adopted a budget which adds $300,000 annually to the salaries of its professors. Normal salaries of full-time professors have been increased as follows: $4,000 salaries to $5,000; $4,500 salaries to $6,000; $6,000 salaries to $7,000; a few salaries to $8,000. Columbia University has adopted a similar budget for 1920. Harvard is now driving for a $15,000,000 endowment fund to ensure a living wage for her professors. Prince¬ ton, Cornell and other large colleges and technical schools are doing likewise. In normal times the low level of salaries for ministers was a source of financial stress and embarrassment. Today it is accentuated by the greatly increased cost of living. Wholesale prices have advanced seventy-eight per cent, since the beginning of the World War and 265 per cent, during the last twenty years. Had ministerial salaries advanced in a like ratio the present $1,000 salary would be $2,650—the average increase (20 per cent.) would make it only $1,200. Ministers cannot buy at wholesale prices, and the retail price of fifteen varieties of food advanced 92 per cent, in the ten years from 1907 to 1917, and from 12 per cent, to 20 per cent, since then. According to the National Industrial Conference Board— a federation of twenty manufacturers’ associations—the cost of living for the American wage earner was seventy-one per cent, higher in July 1919 than in July 1914. ADVANCE IN WAGES NDUSTRIAL investigators find that the normal income of a workingman’s family today should be from $1,100 to $1,500 and that wages have been advanced proportionately. But no such advance has come to the minister. To even approximate the standard of ten years ago the minister’s salary should be advanced from sixty to eighty per cent. INCREASED WAGES MEET INCREASED LIVING EXPENSES N THE industries and trades the increased cost of living has been met by largely in¬ creased wages. From September 1914 to March 1919 the aver¬ age wages of men in eight leading industries increased from seventy-four per cent, to 112 per cent. The highest percentage of increase was in work where the earnings had been relatively low. This increase enabled workers in general to maintain and even to improve their 1914 standard of living. In March 1919 the highest average weekly earn¬ ings of males in any industry were $29.35 (as against $14 in 1914) in rubber manufacturing; the lowest was $17.10 (as against $10 in 1914) in cotton manufacturing. The following table is significant: MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 9 AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS (Male workers.) Industries Sept., 1914 Sept., 1918 Mar., 1919 Percentage of increase 1914- 1918 1918- 1919 Metal. $13.18 $26.80 $24.75 103 88 Cotton.... 10.00 20.60 17.10 106 71 Wool. 11.52 23.21 18.61 102 62 Silk. 11.77 21.54 22.69 83 93 Boots and Shoes.. . 14.70 24.04 25.90 64 76 Paper. 12.73 22.40 22.40 76 76 Rubber.... 14.00 28.60 29.35 104 110 RESULTS OF INADEQUATE SALARIES HYSICAL disability and mental poverty are due to inadequate food and scanty literary equipment. Burdensome debts or exacting economies re¬ quire a minister to have a “side-line.” He is often forced to quit the ministry at an early age in order to provide for present neces¬ sities and future disabilities. The influence of an impoverished ministry dis¬ courages recruits to its ranks from the best equipped and most intelligent youth. THERE IS A DEARTH OF MINISTERS N ONE denomination 3,388 congregations did not have regular pastoral care. In another there were 994 fewer ministers than in 1914. In the New England section of one denomina¬ tion thirty-five per cent, of the congregations were without regular ministers in 1915. In a denomination having 963 congregations only 627 had settled pastors. Another reports an average net gain of 25,680 members, but of only thirty-four ministers. Another denomination needs a thousand minis¬ ters a year to fill the gaps. DECREASE IN THEOLOGICAL STUDENTS ETWEEN 1870 and 1910 increases in the student body of three professions were as follows: dentistry, 5,405 per cent.; law, 1,083 per cent.; theology, 238 per cent. In 1911 there was a total decrease of 178 theo¬ logical students as compared with 1910; in 1913 there was twenty per cent, less than in 1912. The summaries of one denominational group report a decrease of twenty-five theological students in two years—from ninety-two to sixty-seven. Another group reports the loss of fifty-four students from 1891 to 1916; another, a decrease of 126 students from 1896 to 1914. These losses occurred during a period marked by an increase in the number of church mem¬ bers and of college students. UNTRAINED MINISTERS INCREASING N ONE denomination 1,624 more unordained “supply preachers” were used in 1918 than in 1898. In another, out of 986 ministers only 476 gave their full time to ministerial work. A survey of an Ohio county reveals the folly of dividing a minister’s time: the percentage of gain in churches which had one-quarter of the pastor’s time was twenty-six per cent.; those which had one-third of his time, thirty-five per cent.; those with only one-half of his time, thirty-nine per cent. But when the church had all of the minister’s time the percentage of gain was sixty per cent. The proportion of trained men in the ministry is not increasing. An investigation covering 3,500 ministers of one denomination showed that fifty per cent, were without a college educa¬ tion, and not one in four had both college and seminary degrees. POOR PAY- LOW GRADE PASTORS NSUFFICIENT salaries deter young men from considering the ministry as a life work. One denomination reports: “2,000 churches 10 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF pastorless and shepherdless because of poor salaries.” Inadequate support for the minister and his family is forcing capable young and middle- aged men with college and seminary training out of the ministry. No adequate provision for the old age or dis¬ ability of the ministers and their dependents influences young men to enter other callings. THE CHURCH SUFFERS HE church has more at stake even than the ministers. By ignoring their just require¬ ments of an adequate support she weakens her claim upon the best young men of promise and ability. The laity must cease considering the support of the ministry, active or retired, as a benevolence. Self-respecting, worthy, high-grade men cannot be secured for a calling in which their salaries are considered a charity. Good men in the ministry deserve support both while they serve and while they wait the final call. Laymen must be led to see the justice of these claims. REMEDIES T HE remedy is to provide an adequate salary for the minister’s active years and a retiring pension for his old age. The best young men are not deterred from com¬ ing into the ministry from fear of sacrifices during their active years. But they are unwilling to face poverty at the end of their career. Adequate pensions drive away the grim spectres of a minister’s life—unemployment, disability and death—and their consequences to those dependent on him. Until something is done to take the minister out of the position of humiliat¬ ing dependence in old age, desertions to more lucrative professions may be expected. The church will continue to lose men from the ministry until the laymen wake up to the responsibility of taking proper care of the active ministers and the disabled clergymen in the same manner that business houses provide for their veteran or retired employes. These men whose lives are filled with efforts to cheer the weary and give heart to the discouraged must themselves be heartened in things which concern the most sacred obligations of life— the care today and tomorrow of those who are bound to them and to their tasks by ties of nature, affection and consecration. CAUSES OF LOW MINISTERIAL SALARIES OW clerical salaries are not due to the poverty of the laity. Mr. Carnegie called a certain denomination ‘The richest institution in all the land.” If so, then what about American Protestantism with its aggregate property worth two billion dollars—equal to an equipment of $12,000 per minister. While ministerial salaries were in¬ creasing less than twenty per cent., wages in¬ creased four times that amount. The average prices paid to rural laymen for their crops was two and a half times more in 1918 than in 1910. THE CHURCH’S GREATEST ASSET T HE fear of commercializing the ministry is groundless as long as ministers’ salaries are so far below any real purchasing power. The greatest asset of Christiandom is not the wealth of its laity but the sacrificial service of its ministers. Laymen do not pay the cost value of the men whose services they use, basing that cost on the expense of time and money needed for prepara¬ tion. Special ability and capacity are de¬ manded of ministers whose character must be beyond reproach, and who must and do possess learning, culture, a knowledge of affairs and administrative ability. FIFTY PROSPEROUS CHURCHES T HE Survey Division investigated fifty prosperous representative churches of the Middle West as to the per capita payment per member for the support of the ministry at four MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 11 periods during the last half century. These are some of the disclosures: The individual church member in three fine Kansas churches paid nine cents per week less in 1916 than he did in 1870; four cents less per week than in 1890, and one cent less per week than in 1910. The findings in fourteen cases are shown in the following table. The fact this table illustrates spells ruin unless conditions are changed. PER CAPITA PAYMENT ON SALARIES Location of Churches 1870 1890 1910 1916 Kansas. $7.56 8.20 7.00 $6.00 4.04 4.29 $4.85 3.00 2.17 $3.16 2.76 2.30 it it Average $7.58 $4.78 $3.34 $2.74 Minnesota. $6.25 4.93 4.30 4.38 $5.95 2.15 4.90 5.73 $3.68 2.14 3.18 3.61 $3.00 2.70 2.92 4.02 Michigan.. . it it Average $4.86 $4.68 $3.15 $3.16 Illinois. it $5.28 6.00 $3.00 4.08 2.55 $3.96 4.71 1.75 $2.74 3.80 1.93 it Average $5.64 $3.21 $3.47 $2.82 Missouri. $6.00 9.56 $5.98 4.61 $4.82 3.51 $3.89 3.71 it Average $7.78 $5.29 $4.16 $3.80 Iowa. a $4.40 $3.01 4.13 $2.37 3.27 $3.28 2.69 Average $4.40 $3.57 $2.87 $2.98 LOW PER CAPITA CONTRIBUTIONS HE failure of the laity to meet their financial obligations to the ministers is the principal cause of scant salaries; the attendant difficulties of recruiting an acceptable ministry, and the loss of men who are forced to engage in business enterprises in order to provide for their families. This threatens the ministerial supply and the life of the church. That in the face of a doubled membership and property accumulation the laymen individually pay no more than their fathers did is true in most churches. As a rule the more they have the less they give. EASING THE FINANCIAL CONSCIENCE NCREASED strength and prosperity have not resulted in an increased sense of re¬ sponsibility on the part of the laymen but rather in easing their financial consciences. From 1915 to 1918 three classes of churches in a certain denomination stood out from others because they either paid the largest salaries or had the largest membership or owned the most valuable property. They were the “high- salaried/’ “large” and “rich” churches. But the laymen of these prosperous churches paid less per member for the support of the ministry than did their denomination as a whole, and very much less than did the smaller churches. They paid less than they themselves did ten years ago. Instead of bearing the burdens of the weak they were carried by the sacrifices of the smaller churches. The “high-salaried churches”—548 in all— paid a salary of $3,000 or more. In spite of the fact that the years surveyed were years of great financial prosperity these “high salaried” churches paid four cents less per member in 1918 than in 1915. The higher salaries were not due to enlarged liberality but in spite of it. The “large churches”—177 in number—had a membership of 1,000 or more. From 1915 to 1918 the per capita payment of their members decreased eleven cents. Churches with the largest membership pay less per member than do the smaller churches. Instead of saying, “because we have more members we can pay a more adequate salary,” they say, “because we have more members we need not pay as much.” The “rich churches”—208 in number—had a property valuation of $100,000 or more. Their per capita payments to ministerial support decreased nineteen cents per member. God’s great givers are always those who have felt the thrill of giving. 12 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF HORIZONTAL GIVING HE statistical scheme of the Methodist Episcopal Church (North), more complete and covering a longer period than that of other denominations, shows that the per capita giving in 1918 was $5.30; in 1917, $5.07; in 1916, $5.01; in 1915, $5.00; in 1914, $5.04; in 1913, $5.08; and in 1912, $5.10. The average member paid only two-fifths of a cent more per week in 1918 than he did in 1912; and since 1900 the per capita weekly payment increased only nine- tenths of one cent. The graphic line which represents the changes in per capita payments to pastoral support has been almost horizontal for thirty-four years. Meanwhile the total growth of the wealth of the nation, according to government reports, has increased to over $250,000,000, or $8,500 per family. A TITHE OF A TITHE T HUS, only a tithe of a tithe is paid by the members of the American churches. The average income of the members of Protestant churches has been estimated at $400 a year. A tithe on such incomes would yield enough money to pay all that was paid last year and then leave a billion dollars for the seed-corn of the kingdom. The combined membership of the Congrega¬ tional, Baptist, Presbyterian and the Methodist Episcopal Churches is 11,500,000. Their com¬ bined income (at $400 per year) would be $4,500,000,000. A tithe of a tithe (one per cent.) on that amount would yield $45,000,000. The income of the six million Methodists (at $400 each) would be almost $2,500,000,000. They paid their ministers $25,000,000, or one per cent, of that amount—not a tithe, but one- tenth of a tithe. There is no reason to believe that the other denominations make a better showing. It is not strange that there has been an increase of less than twenty per cent, in the salaries of ministers during the last twelve years. How could the increase be larger when the per capita giving of the laymen has not increased. Only when an aroused conscience shall inspire a higher standard of Christian giving will con¬ ditions improve. It is easy to become enam¬ oured of totals, but totals of ministerial support are made up of small items which seriously affect the personal interests of the pastors and their families. THE DOUBLE CURVE C HURCH membership is increasing propor¬ tionately more rapidly than population. The curve which represents population ascends less rapidly than that which shows church membership. If this condition continues there is a mathematical certainty that the church membership v/ill some day overtake the popula¬ tion. This would be encouraging were it not accom¬ panied by the threatening fact that financially the church is on the downward path. Unless this is changed there can be only one end—bankruptcy. The operation of economic law is just as sure in the church as in business. The laymen who have dealt liberally with world-wide and national charities, but who are paying less each year to support the ministry, must assume larger responsibilities. THE WAY OUT T HE way out is to give the facts to the church. The same principles which assure cooperation, loyalty, industry and contentment in business affairs apply equally well to church affairs. Churches have been compelled to add from fifty to eighty per cent, to the salaries of their janitors and church secretaries. They cannot keep their churches warm and clean without paying more for it. What about the chilly winds of unmet needs which blow against the parsonage where resides the minister who is not working for money and is tied to his task by his vows and ideals? Do not compel him to break them. Laymen are under vows to support the ministry and the institutions of the church. The in¬ junction, “Vow and pay thy vows!” is on them. SALARY INCREASES P LANS for salary increases, based on a minimum salary, have been developed in several denominations. MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 13 MINISTERIAL SALARIES PER CAPITA GIVING INCREASED WAGES and LIVING EXPENSES The Congregationalists started a salary increase fund through the Home Missionary Society. The Pittsburgh Presbytery of the United Pres¬ byterian Church requires $1,800 for an ordained minister and family. The Commission on Finance of the Methodist Episcopal Church (North) analyzes the conditions and recom¬ mends a minimum salary, larger than the average, with a larger percentage of increase for the smaller salaried ministers. The re¬ sponse has been prompt and willing. Most annual conferences have adopted a minimum salary which at present varies from $1,000 to $1,500. The Disciples of Christ (1919) recommended a conscientious effort by all local churches to increase salaries and urged the following scale of increase: salaries under $1,500, increase twenty-five per cent.; between $1,500 and $2,000, increase twenty per cent; between $2,000 and $3,000, increase fifteen per cent.; above $3,000, increase ten per cent. “We consider it vital to the maintenance of our ministry in ade¬ quate strength that the salary question be taken up by the laymen and disposed of adequately and immediately.” THE INDISPENSABLE MAN N ORGANIZED Christianity the minister is the Indispensable Man. Every great church movement has relied on the faithfulness of the pastor and the possibility of exploiting him to see the program through. He has always been the willing servant of the kingdom and has followed his ideals in carrying out great tasks. Strength is given to the Interchurch World Movement because of its basic proposition that the minister’s position, rights and compensa¬ tion shall be fully recognized, and that he shall be adequately provided for, both during his active years and in his old age. His condition has gone far beyond that of willingness to make personal sacrifices. It is a question of sacri¬ ficing his success, his home and his family. To be willing to make the sacrfice is magnificent, to be sacrificed needlessly by a well-to-do laity, engrossed in its own personal enterprises, is a great tragedy and falls little short of a crime. 14 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF HOSPITALS T HE minister is asked to raise money for hospitals, but should he or members of his family fall sick, the expenses for hospital care and a trained nurse must be paid out of his meagre salary. In the majority of cases this salary is less than $20 a week, or half the amount he must pay for a trained nurse. Such emergencies can only be met on a charity basis. To self-respecting ministers a state institution supported by taxes to which he pays is less offensive than the ordinary charitable offer of a free bed to be charged to “compulsory charity.” COLLEGES HE minister is asked to work for colleges. To his credit and to the amazement of those who know the conditions he has in some way managed to send his children to college. But what layman has any realization of the scrimping and saving, the humiliating charit¬ able discounts, reduced term charges, or scholar¬ ships to which he must have recourse. Laymen who contribute to educational insti¬ tutions and provide scholarships should be willing to pay their ministers adequately. P ASTORS are preaching to prosperous groups of laymen each one of which pays to someone who does very ordinary work more than the entire group pays to the minister who renders invaluable service! Pastors preach to laymen who individually pay more to men who run their automobiles than they pays for a man to run their church! In their congregations are men who personally in one month earn more than is paid in a year by their entire group for the support of their pastor. Rural ministers are preaching to groups of farmers who individually pay more to the “hired man” than their combined quota for the support of their pastor. Down in the cotton- fields, Negro ministers are preaching to fifty or more cotton pickers who individually are paid more for picking cotton than their entire neighborhood pays to the preacher in a year. THE CALL TO THE YOUNG MAN OUNG men do not determine their call to the ministry on the basis of salary. But the church that puts a low estimate on the value of their services and the importance of their task is not likely to appeal successfully to the young man who prizes the one life he has to live and wants to make it count in the world. Young men are not drawn to the ministry by the lure of luxurious living, but the church can never make a compelling appeal to its best young men until it gives a fair financial re¬ cognition to the value of their services. MEETING A CRISIS INISTERS are the officers of the army of the Lord. The nation that loses its officers loses its army; and if the army be lost the nation is lost; and if the nation be lost, all is lost. The only way that the nation can sur¬ vive is to provide trained officers. America came late into the World War, not from lack of men willing to follow the flag but because of the time necessary to train officers to lead them. It is so in the church. If we lose the ministers we lose the army of the Lord and have only an unorganized religious mob; and if we lose the Christian army, we lose the church; and to lose the church is to lose all. The Church provides vision. “Where there is no vision the people perish.” “It’s good to grow old” when surrounded by home comforts, rejoicing in a rich experi¬ ence, amply provided for, free from anxiety concerning the welfare of loved ones. y/-^yj^EL7r Y //~jU s T I c E / N p lime SS /[APP RE^ -Yf. ITION affectio devot/on \/ £N E R AT/O N HE AVEN But what of the aged minister, whose in¬ come during his active years has been insuf¬ ficient to enable him to provide adequately for the future? Physically unable to continue his chosen work—his earning power gone—without in come or property—he must face an old age of deprivation and anxiety. All his life he has traveled an uphill road that was none too smooth—cheerfully devoting his whok time, strength, and spiritual vitality to loving service for his fellowmen. What of the “last mile?” With your gifts it can be made smooth for the feet at last grown weary—without them it will be steep and rough and difficult, and will halt the feeble traveler all too soon. There are many thousand ministers, and ministers’ widows and orphans, who are de¬ pendent upon your generosity for the common comforts of life. A small sacrifice on your part will be a boon to those who have sacrificed so much for the Great Cause. What will you do? You can help by a gift, a bequest, or the purchase of a life Annuity Bond. n Qive them the flowers now” 16 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF Ministerial Support in Terms of Auto- mobile Cost and Upkeep Intrinsic values and prices are not the same thing. A good man is worth far more than any machine. The world needs to be educated up to this idea. Minister’s Salaries Note that: Class 1. Salary $600 a year. These ministers receive, for a whole year’s work, a sum less than the initial cost of the cheapest car on the market. Class 2. Salary $600 to $900 a year. Many an individual layman spends more for and on his car than the whole congregation pays for its minister’s entire yearly salary. Class 3. Salary $900 to $1,500 a year. A car is only one item in the business man’s budget. A minister has to support his family for a whole year often on less than this one item costs his parishioner. Class 4. Salary $1,500 to $3,000 a year. A car can serve at best but a few people. A minister serves the whole community all the time. A car is a constant liability. A good minister is a permanent asset. Class 5. Salary $3,000 to $5,000 a year. It is often more profitable to act as chauffeur in a luxurious limousine than to shepherd a thousand souls. This inequality is ^either just nor necessary. Let us help change it. Types of cars “How much better is a man than a machine !" MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 17 Pension Plans of Corporations O LD age pensions belong to modern civilization. Fifty years ago employees did not expect a pension in recognition of long and faithful service, but now a considerable portion of the working people of America work in the twilight glow of an expected retirement annuity. An irresistible law of justice has accomplished the new order. Pension plans adopted by commercial, industrial, public service and other institutions indicate this change. The International Harvester Company, an industrial corporation, provides an old age annuity of from $18 to $100 a month. The Standard Oil Company, a producing corporation, provides an annuity, payable monthly, for all employes who have been twenty years or longer in continuous active service; also a death benefit, payable to the beneficiaries of employes. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company provides a pension or annuity for all employes, the amount determined by the wages received and the years of service. The American Telegraph and Telephone Company, a public service corporation, provides an annuity for all employes who have been in its service for twenty years or more; also sick, disability and death benefits. The Carnegie Foundation, an endowed corporation, was established for the benefit of retired college professors and instructors. The pension is based on the years of service, and amounts to one-half of the average salary paid during the last five years plus $400. The First National Bank of Chicago, a financial corporation, pays a pension to its employes amounting to one-fiftieth of their salary (at date of retirement) for each year of service, with a maximum pension of $6,000. Secular corporations are in advance of the churches in plans for providing old age and disability pensions. How far in advance is shown by the following comparison between the pensions assured by the foregoing corporations and those planned by six representative churches, all placed on the same basis: 18 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF PENSIONS COMPARED 1. The pensions assured by these six corpora¬ tions, based on thirty-five years of service and a salary or wage of $2,000 during the last ten years of employment, are as follows: Pennsylvania Railroad Company. $700 International Harvester Company.... 875 Standard Oil Company. 1,400 American Telegraph & Telephone Com¬ pany. 1,400 First National Bank, Chicago. 1,400 Carnegie Foundation. 1,400 Average pension.$1,196 2. The pensions promised by six representative churches on the same basis are as follows: Church A.$875 Church B. 500 Church C. 500 Church D. 500 Church E. 470 Church F. 350 Average pension.$533 In only one instance does a church plan to pro¬ vide a pension in excess of the minimum amount paid by any of the above corporations; and then it is based on an assumed ministerial salary of $2,000 during the ten years preceding retire¬ ment—an unusual case. Most of the church plans are uncompleted and the retired ministers do not receive the promised amounts. The church—“the richest institution in all the land”—should do right by her old ministers. PENSION PLANS OF CHURCHES HE Christian church, which 'taught the principle of economic justice to a thousand commercial, industrial and municipal corpora¬ tions, has been herself slow to recognize the faithful, indispensable and life-long services of her ministers. The pension plans fall into three general classes: (1) support or pension based on years of service, (2) relief or disability help and (3) contributory annuity. RECENT DENOMINATIONAL PLANS ITH the exception of funds held by conventions, presbyteries, conferences, etc., church pension plans are of recent origin and no denomination as yet has an adequate endowment. There has been little cooperation or uniformity in providing money for pensions and relief. The Interdenominational Secretarial Council has developed some unity of plans among the several boards, each of which, working out its own problem in its own way, has had the in¬ spiration of the methods and work of the others. The oldest and most general plan is that of relief and in some churches it is the only method. The newer tendency is toward an actuarially defined pension based on years of service. No plan can dispense entirely with provision to meet special needs. Disability benefits are sometimes provided by a contributory or¬ ganization which helps a minister in an emer¬ gency. NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES HE number of ministers in seventeen reporting denominations who may in time become eligible to old age benefits is 73,703. The number of beneficiaries reported by these churches was 15,772. The returns are incom¬ plete and difficult to classify. In some denomi¬ nations every retired minister, minister's widow and dependent orphan child is a beneficiary; while in others formal application and action is required. Seventeen denominations reported 15,772 bene¬ ficiaries, viz: 6,580 retired ministers, 7,833 widows, and 1,359 dependent orphans. Of these 13,545 were classified according to the amounts received as follows: 4,119 beneficiaries received less than $100 3,805 n from $100 to $200 2,904 u u 200 to 300 1,559 a a 300 to 400 571 a i i 400 to 500 401 n 6 C 500 to 600 139 a i i 600 to 700 38 u if 700 to 800 9 a if 800 to 900 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 19 TWO HUNDRED A YEAR! NLY 577 out of the 13,545 beneficiaries— less than 6 per cent.—received over $500; three-fifths of them—7,924—received less than $200; and one-third of them—4,119— received less than $100. The returns cover sixty per cent, of the total Protestant ministry —a sufficient number to show the inadequacy of the present provisions for the support of the retired ministers. The laymen cannot, even if they would, set themselves against such massed facts. The veterans of Christ are without reasonable pro¬ tection in their day of need, while business corporations with sound economic judgment guard the old age of their employes by adequate pensions. Can the church expect the world to heed it if guilty of social injustice? The church must square its practice with its teaching. RECRUITING THE MINISTRY HE care of the aged minister is closely related to pastoral efficiency as well as to the’task of recruiting vigorous and intelligent young men for the ministry. If the church neglects its old ministers it will not find young men to take their places. The fear of want in old age lessens the present efficiency of the conscientious worker who, burdened by his fear of dependency, is com¬ pelled to limit the means necessary to keep abreast of the times, and must work amid fore¬ bodings of the wolf at the door at eventide. The facts as to inadequate salaries presented in Part I are accentuated when the minister is retired. The pathos of his situation is em¬ phasized by the fact that the meagre support received during his active years makes it im¬ possible for him to provide for his old age, when retirement comes his earning power is gone. THE INTERCHURCH PROGRAM HROUGH the Interchurch World Move¬ ment there comes an opportunity for the church to discharge for all time the obligations which are now brought home to its conscience by every consideration of honor, esteem, grati¬ tude and justice. The millions put into buildings and equipment will have to be renewed but a permanent en¬ dowment for the benefit of the old minister will remain forever. In this day when states, cities, schools, corpora¬ tions, industrial and other establishments are providing for their old and faithful employes— not as a charity but as a matter of economic justice—it would be strange indeed if the last among faithful servants to be thus rewarded should be the retired minister. The church protects by insurance a part of her assets—her buildings—but fails to protect her largest asset—her ministry—against disability and old age. The result is loss of efficiency, power and ser¬ vice. The church has not as yet developed a sufficient sense of responsibility or an appreciation of the fundamental principles of good business and righteous procedure in the matter of ministerial support and relief. ANNUAL INCOME REQUIRED HE total amount of income required an¬ nually to meet the obligations for pensions and relief of seven of the twenty-one denomina¬ tions which reported to the Survey Division was $4,385,162. The total annual income of six of these de¬ nominational funds was $1,715,366. The net additional amount needed to pay in full the claims of all the retired ministers, widows and orphans of these six denominations is $1,742,151. This amount, expressed in the terms of endow¬ ment, at 5 per cent., would be $34,843,020. In other words the additional endowment needed in order to meet the net unprovided annual amount required to pay the claims of all the retired ministers, widows and orphans of ministers of these six denominations would be $34,843,020. Eleven additional denominations need ad¬ ditional endowment of $25,332,306. 20 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF Add to this the amount already needed by the six denominations, viz: $34,843,020, and the total amount required is $60,175,326. This is the amount which the Survey shows should be the budget of the Interchurch World Move¬ ment for the pensioning, support and relief of the retired ministers. ANNUITY OR PENSION FUNDS ON A CONTRIBUTORY BASIS ETAILED information required for the organization of a contributory annuity or pension fund cannot be given in this brief resume. Here is simply indicated the kind of information required by an analysis of the Church Pension Fund and the Annuity Fund for Congregational Ministers. Each denomination must adapt its plan to special conditions, and since a contributory pension or annuity fund assumes clearly de¬ fined financial obligations, it should not be adopted unadvisedly. Data must be secured and this requires time, patience, technical skill and money. The Episcopal Church provided an advance budget of $150,000 for actuarial work, tabulation, analysis and preparation. The plan was as follows: THE CHURCH PENSION FUND 1. Collecting information. 2. Separation of “accrued liabilities” from future liabilities. 3. An initial reserve of $5,000,000 to provide for the “accrued liabilities”; by which is meant the liability for that part of the promised pension which is based upon services rendered prior to March 1, 1917. 4. A permanent pension ac¬ count, to which 7 3^2 per cent, of the clergymen’s salaries are paid each year. Other funds, diocesan, etc., have been merged into this account. 5. Benefits: (1) At the age of 68 an annuity equal to l}4 per cent, of the clergy¬ man’s average annual income, multiplied by the number of years in which assessments have been paid by him, after March 1, 1917. The minimum annuity is $600 and the maximum 50 per cent, of the average income since ordination; with special limitations applying to clergymen who were over the age of 35 years when they were ordained; and also for calculat¬ ing the minimum annuity when all assessments have not been paid. (2) A total disability bene¬ fit of an annuity equal to 40 per cent, of the average income for the five years preceding the disability, with a minimum of $600. (3) A widow’s annuity, under certain limitations, equal to half the annuity to which her husband would have been entitled. (4) For orphans with certain adjustments, the payment of $100 a year if under the age of seven; $200, from seven to fourteen; $300, from fourteen to twenty-one. (5) Pension benefits are not available for clergy¬ men who retired before March 1, 1917. (6) The questionnaire submitted to the clergy, in order to secure an actuarial basis for the Church Pension Fund, was as follows: Name.diocese or missionary dis¬ trict.residence. parish, mission or other ecclesiastical body.... .official position. date of birth.year of ordination to the diaconate.have you a wife living?.date of wife’s birth. date of marriage.sex and date of birth of all living children. Note to Financial Questions Following: The purpose of the Commission is to learn the ecclesiastical income now received by you. In¬ come from private property should not be in¬ cluded. We wish the amount of your present total salary or stipend, and whether received from parochial, diocesan, or other ecclesiastical sources, with the respective amounts. If you have the use of a rectory, house, or apartment, we wish your estimate of the amount that it is worth to you per year. If you are earning ecclesiastical income in other ways, kindly state the amount. Total salary or stipend. Specify official sources, whence derived, with separate amounts. Worth to you of rectory or apartment per year. Other ecclesiastical earnings. Total. Remarks or explanations. THE ANNUITY FUND FOR CONGREGATIONAL MINISTERS HIS fund will receive the income of the five million dollar “Pilgrim Memorial Fund.” The new, expanded plan goes into effect January 1, 1921, as follows: MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 21 1. Benefits : (1) An old age annuity—beginning at the age of 65; minimum $500. Disability : (2) Protection for the widow or other depend¬ ents in the event of the member’s death prior to the age of 65. (3) Additional disability benefits in case of death or permanent dis¬ ability prior to the age of 65, for which addi¬ tional payments are required. (4) A share of the distributable income of the “Pilgrim Memorial Fund” to be credited on the next year’s dues. (5) Option to receive an old age joint life annuity in which the widow will share; or a deferred old age life annuity with larger benefits. 2. Dues : Six per cent, of the salary received each year (based on a minimum of $1,000) to cover the old age annuity; additional dues to cover other benefits. In working out the plan actuarial determina¬ tion was made as to the annuities which could be purchased by accumulated credits under varying conditions. The amount of the annuity resulting from the payment of $60 annually during a period of 35 years, closing at the age of 65, was $514.72—more than 50 per cent, of the assumed salary of $1,000. WILL OUR CHILDREN BE BETTER THAN THEIR FATHERS? HE prophet’s confession, “I am not bet¬ ter than my fathers,” will come to the lips of the laymen who study the per capita giving of church members and learn that, not¬ withstanding unparalleled prosperity, the aver¬ age layman today, not only proportionately but in actual amount per member, is paying no more to the support of the ministry than his father or grandfather or great-grandfather did. Had payments by Christian laymen for the support of the ministry increased in proportion to increased wealth salaries could have been doubled, and millions provided for the extension of the Kingdom. More important than all, hundreds of high-grade, well-trained, effective ministers would not have been forced into secular pursuits in order to provide for their families; and young men of parts and learning, seeing that the laymen were willing to share their prosperity with them, even as in the past the ministers shared the poverty of the laymen, would not have had the lure of their call clouded by the forecast of a helpless and dependent old age; and many a fine, high-minded, devoted young man would have invested his life in the Christian ministry. 22 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF A HUMAN CENTURY N THE picture Dr. Seth Reed, of Flint, Michigan, now in his ninety-eighth year, one of the oldest living ministers, and Dr. P. B. Hoyt, retired, seventy years of age, represent the past; two pastors, forty-five and twenty- five years old respectively, represent the pres¬ ent; and the three boys represent the future. The men are alike in their devotion to the church. The average laymen paid more to the support of Dr. Reed and his associate than the laymen today, who are bound by like vows, pay for the support of their ministers. One way for the present generation to rectify this decreasing liberality is to make adequate pro¬ vision for the ministers’ old age. But what about the three boys, one year, eight years and sixteen years of age, who represent the future? What about them? Will they pay less to the support of the ministry than their fathers? If so the curve which represents the decreased payments to ministerial support will descend rapidly and the church will bar its doors against the best of their fellows. These boys will be in the ranks of either the laity or the ministry. If they shall be laymen, and when they shall reach the age of the four men in the picture, they too must confess “We are not better than our fathers”; then their minis¬ ters will not be equal to the task, the church will be swamped in the mire of material prosperity and the Light of the World will be obscured. STATISTICAL TABLES 24 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF DIVISION General MINISTERIAL Table A.—By Denomi Pastoral Salaries Denomination Number of Communi¬ cants Number of Churches Total AH Salaries Aver¬ age Salary Average Paid per Com¬ muni¬ cant BAPTIST Northern Baptist Convention. CONGREGATIONAL 1,283,120 9,053 3804,900 1 Congregational Churches. 770,875 4,045 4,938,767 31,440 36.63 2 DISCIPLES Disciples of Christ. 1,217,598 9,657 6,194,012 • 641 5.08 3 EVANGELICAL Evangelical Association. 106,392 935 838,443 897 7.88 4 Evangelical Synod of America. 260,213 993 950,000 900 3.65 5 LUTHERAN Augustana Synod. 195,025 1,152 819,950 712 4.20 6 Synod of Missouri. 590,698 2,129 2,046,735 961 3.47 7 METHODIST Free Methodist Church of N. A. 28,830 934 472,843 506 16.40 8 Methodist Episcopal Church. 3,312,130 14,140 14,486,578 1,025 4.37 9 Methodist Episcopal Church, South. . 2,141,716 6,117 6,136,445 1,003 2.87 10 Methodist Protestant Church. 174,302 1,016 672,033 661 3.86 11 Wesleyan Methodist Connection of America. 20,000 638 119,794 201 5.98 12 MORAVIAN Moravian Church. 16,048 76 79,346 1,044 4.94 13 PRESBYTERIAN Presbyterian Church in the U. S.A. 522,462 5,412 7,536,975 1,393 4.95 14 Presbyterian Church in the U. S., South. 363,942 3,400 2,176,661 640 5.98 15 Reformed Presbyterian Church. 2,279 13 16,500 1,269 7.24 16 United Presbyterian Church. 171,706 1,022 1,122,532 1,098 6.54 17 REFORMED Reformed Church in America. Reformed Church in the U. S. UNITED BRETHREN 133,783 330,000 727 1,000,000 1,500 884 7.50 4.14 18 19 Church of the United Brethren in Christ. 342,230 1,668 1,432,600 859 4.19 20 UNITED EVANGELICAL United Evangelical Church. 88,169 501 503,614 1,005 5.71 21 TOTAL . *11,788,388 *54,575 *351,543,828 *3944 *34.29 22 *Because of incomplete data the Northern Baptist Convention is omitted from the total. MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 25 Statistics SALARIES lations for all States Classification of Salaries Less than $500 $500 to $1,000 $1,000 to $1,500 $1,500 to $2,000 o o o o q,ou, C<1 to, to. $2,500 to $3,000 $3,000 to $4,000 $4,000 to $5,000 $5,000 and Over 1 6 259 598 267 93 25 30 10 4 2 405 1,120 1,284 443 202 105 107 36 56 3 4 40 538 37 14 5 6 7 r ■ } 1,355 715 37 8 1 8 374 313 ' 37 3 9 1,932 4,136 4,719 1,739 776 374 179 48 15 10 958 2,371 1,761 598 249 96 73 5 6 11 378 390 161 42 13 3 3 12 13 1 40 35 5 1 14 395 2,563 1,868 335 187 86 18 15 346 617 244 95 43 21 15 5 16 2 2 4 2 3 17 18 65 315 135 44 30 22 4 6 19 6 76 43 4 20 305 593 506 109 16 s 21 22 256 173 50 22 4,829 14,423 12,873 4,027 1,687 768 453 118 92 26 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF DIVISION General Statistics of MINISTERIAL SALARIES Table B.—By States for All Denominations Name OF State Number of Commu¬ nicants Number of Churches Pastc Total All Salaries >RAL SALA Average Salary RIES Average Paid Per Commu¬ nicant Alabama. Alaska. 244,664 906 3627,627 3693 32.57 Arizona. 12,485 105 94,312 898 7.55 Arkansas. 152,962 908 511,558 564 3.34 California. ... 125,853 253 455,529 1,800 3.54 Colorado. 99,215 683 615,694 901 6.21 Connecticut. . 118,807 520 639,476 1,230 5.38 Delaware. 25,209 101 99,593 986 3.95 Dist. of Columbia. .. 22,020 60 132,125 2,202 6.00 Florida. 76,169 444 349,266 987 4.59 Georgia. 279,439 1,016 807,327 795 2.89 Idaho. 37,586 230 224,360 975 5.92 Illinois. 767,780 3,433 3,651,551 1,065 9.75 Indiana. 575,733 2,316 2,099,539 906 3.64 Iowa. 428,414 2,176 2,425,306 1,114 5.66 Kansas. 331,836 1,877 1,750,556 932 5.27 Kentucky. 305,449 1,740 976,342 562 3.20 Louisiana. 67,635 378 280,508 742 4.15 Maine. 44,278 391 331,221 847 7.48 Maryland. 137,768 579 587,216 1,014 4.26 Massachusetts 225,961 988 1,248,940 1,264 5.53 Michigan. 333,998 1,722 1,697,857 986 5.08 Minnesota. ... 244,137 1,377 1,277,269 928 5.23 Mississippi. ... 153,590 786 474,258 603 3.08 Missouri. 478,256 2,574 1,970,156 765 4.12 Montana. 32,250 294 276,069 939 8.56 Nebraska. 203,368 1,356 1,329,356 980 6.54 Nevada. 1,303 19 15,488 815 11.12 New Hampshire. . 33,618 278 252,392 908 7.51 New Jersey. .. 273,728 999 1,274,701 1,276 4.66 New Mexico, . 17,414 169 127,945 757 7.35 New York. ... 696,040 2,819 3,486,156 1,236 5.01 N. Carolina.. . 326,668 1,398 944,816 676 2.89 North Dakota 44,252 514 450,676 878 10.18 Ohio. 837,281 2,599 3,171,396 1,220 3.79 Oklahoma. 171,954 1,633 938,890 575 5.47 Oregon. 73,950 586 465,548 794 6.30 Pennsylvania. 1,045,358 3,348 3,961,920 1,184 3.80 Rhode Island. 22,320 117 109,275 934 4.90 S. Carolina. .. 146,708 650 549,152 845 3.74 South Dakota. 58,464 545 466,084 855 7.97 Tennessee. ... 288,960 1,199 904,781 755 3.13 Texas. 454,033 2,370 1,965,147 830 4.33 Utah. 60,278 467 345,310 739 5.73 Vermont. 41,486 326 263,758 809 6.36 Virginia. 276,346 940 727,455 774 2.63 Washington.. . 114,805 897 825,806 921 7.19 West Virginia. 216,161 1,022 751,044 735 3.47 Wisconsin. 208,729 1,083 1,041,523 962 4.97 Wyoming. 8,440 81 60,279 744 7.09 TOTAL.... 10,943,158 51,272 348,031,648 3744 34.38 Classification of Salaries Less than 3500 3500 to 31000 31000 to 31500 31500 to 32000 32000 to 32500 32500 to 33000 33000 to 34000 34000 to 35000 35000 and Over 49 16 3 1 14 9 5 3 18 13 6 1 ... .1 78 298 275 81 29 6 5 1 3 41 78 91 35 14 2 5 2 33 177 144 65 43 12 19 4 8 9 28 42 11 3 5 7 8 5 4 3 2 1 25 25 15 6 3 2 1 30 8 4 1 26 47 27 13 2 2 167 553 615 217 96 41 25 6 11 131 455 246 105 28 17 3 2 1 81 261 524 203 63 23 15 2 153 313 344 100 23 12 2 1 1 35 52 13 3 2 2 11 21 14 1 116 152 108 31 5 2 3 1 20 104 78 50 24 10 9 2 99 248 290 147 67 42 37 9 6 76 452 321 79 25 11 11 1 3 83 259 249 63 23 15 7 2 3 1 4 1 82 293 167 37 14 4 4 7 2 33 83 51 17 10 3 1 67 320 368 68 14 7 5 2 1 7 6 2 1 49 127 95 13 10 6 1 2 61 170 151 91 62 4 3 2 3 17 13 7 4 2 20 12 3 191 514 635 180 116 55 49 14 12 33 24 7 1 47 107 98 32 7 2 1 133 410 720 180 82 40 24 6 8 71 121 87 21 7 4 2 59 82 65 23 8 8 1 1 92 400 525 315 152 101 17 5 3 12 15 27 14 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 47 103 143 45 7 2 3 57 73 25 9 1 1 21 74 18 13 4 1 10 11 2 1 1 59 153 74 16 8 3 1 25 43 31 1 70 163 140 30 17 4 5 2 1 50 137 94 23 11 5 6 1 56 255 278 70 20 10 2 2 1 5 22 23 5 4 1 2,653 7,299 7,256 2,433 1,012 485 285 84 71 BUDGET FOR MINISTERIAL PENSIONS AND RELIEF 28 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF DIVISION General Budget SUPPORT OF RE and Widows and Table I.—By Figures given by some denominations include Beneficiaries Present Number of Beneficiaries Classification of Beneficiaries by Amounts Received Denomination From From From From From From From From Minis- Wid- Chil- Total Under 2101 2201 2301 2401 2501 2601 2701 2801 sters ows dren 2100 to to to to to to to to 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 BAPTIST: Northern Baptist Con- VENTION. 261 227 102 590 Seventh Day Baptist. .. 3 3 CONGREGATIONAL: Congregational Churches 175 147 13 335 54 138 94 39 9 DISCIPLES: Disciples of Christ. 140 84 14 238 33 95 62 45 2 1 EVANGELICAL: Evangelical Association. 46 18 64 14 17 17 16 Evangelical Synod of N.A. 77 168 49 294 49 231 30 LUTHERAN: United Lutheran Church in America. 45 96 3 144 72 69 Augustana Synod. 48 95 1 144 10 119 METHODIST: Methodist Episcopal Church. 3,154 3,601 563 7,318 1,827 1,923 1,650 813 379 96 35 8 5 Methodist Episcopal Church, South. 1,000 1,074 2,074 2,074 Methodist Protestant Church. 11 15 26 13 3 7 2 1 Free Methodist Church of N. A. MORAVIAN: Moravian Church. 18 25 40 83 42 26 15 PRESBYTERIAN: Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 736 976 70 1,782 32 819 564 356 21 Presbyterian Church in * the U. S., South. 107 160 27 294 53 120 65 36 13 6 1 United Presbyterian ' Church. 30 91 3 124 1 20 63 40 REFORMED: Reformed Church in America. 23 67 90 Reformed Church in the U. S. 29 41 70 5 49 10 3 1 UNITED BRETHREN: Church of the United Brethren in Christ. 252 38 290 TOTAL. 5,908 7,137 923 13,963 4,152 3,658 2,653 1,370 427 103 37 8 5 MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF 29 Statement TIRED MINISTERS Orphans of Ministers Denominations amounts for support of retired missionaries Financial Program Additional Endowment Needed Denomination Total Income Additional Income Needed Endowment Present Non- Net Additional Needed to Pay 1920 Present Income Necessary to Produce Productive Endowment Claims Additional Which Will Endowment Income Become Needed Needed Productive BAPTIST: Nocthfbn Rapttst Convention. 3163,933 600 310,000,000 50,000 310,000,000 50,000 Sfvfnth Day Rapttst. . . CONGREGATIONAL: Congregational Churches. 3242,000 142,000 3100,000 8,000,000 36,000,000 2,000,000 DISCIPLES: Disr.TPT.FS of Christ. 48,980 5,140,000 5,140,000 EVANGELICAL: Evangelical Association. 23,050 37,600 315,000 1,000,000 315,000 1,000,000 F.vangfi.ical Synod of N. A . 85,000 47,400 LUTHERAN: United Lutheran Church in America. 90,000 100,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 Augustana Synod. 14,814 1,000,000 1,000,000 METHODIST: Methodist Episcopal Church. 2,503,462 1,397,616 38,947 7,150 19,516 1,105,846 22,200,000 9,500,000 7,200,000 15,000,000 9,500,000 Methodist Episcopal Church, So... Methodist Protestant Church. Free Methodist Church of N. A.. 390,326 390,326 MORAVIAN: Moravian Church. 43,000 18,000 25,000 500,000 500,000 PRESBYTERIAN: Presbyterian Church in the U,S.A.. Presbyterian Church in the U. S. 1,469,645 10,000,000 430,000 650,000 10,000,000 430,000 650,000 67,448 20,150 United Presbyterian Church. 52,055 31,905 REFORMED: Reformed Church in America. 35,000 24,355 1,000,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 Reformed Church in the U. S... UNITED BRETHREN: Church of the United Brethren in Christ. 101,345 1,000,000 1,000,000 TOTAL. 34,385,162 32,260,504 31,742,151 373,375,000 313,200,000 360,175,326 - ■ - * INTERCHORCH WORLD MOVEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA ORGANIZATION OF THE SURVEY DEPARTMENT DIVISIONS BRANCHES SECTIONS —Africa —China — India —Japanese Empire — Malaysia, Siam ' —Indo-China, Oceania —Philippine Islands —Latin America —Europe — Near East —Evangelistic —Educational —Medical —Social and Industrial —Literature . —Field Occupancy —Field Conditions —Graphics —Statistics — Editorial —Research and Library Coordination FOREIGN Mission Agencies Fields SURVEY DEPARTMENT AMERICAN EDUCATION t~ Fields — Tax-Supported Institutions — Local Church AMERICAN Religious Education - Community AMERICAN Hospitals and Homes AMERICAN MINISTERIAL SUPPORT AND RELIEF -c Agencies - Coordination Organization Relations _ Denominational and Independent Institutions Theological Seminaries — Secondary Schools Coordination Home Special Groups — Special Fields Field Organization Denominational and • Interdenominational Agencies Research and Instruction Coordination Ministerial Support Pensions and Relief — Cities — New York Metropolitan —Town and Country —Vvest Indies —Alaska —Hawaii — Migrant Groups —Cities —New York Metropolitan —Town and Country —Negro Americans —New Americans —Spanish-speaking Peoples —Orientals in the U. S. —American Indian —Migrant Group* -Research and Library -Lantern Slide* -Graphic* -Publicity -Statistica -Industrial Relation* -College* -Universities —State Univeraitiet _ —Municipal Universities “ —State Agricultural Collage* —State Normal School* E Theologies! Seminaries College Biblical Departments Religious Training School* E Comity and Cooperation Field Standard* and Norm* r—Architecture -1—Curriculum >—Teachera r—Muaic -I—Pageantry L “-Non-ehurch Organization* E Editorial Statistics and Tabulation Schedules