Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 
 
 DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 
 
 Pamphlet No. 1 
 
 ARBITRATIONS AND DIPLOMATIC 
 SETTLEMENTS of the UNITED STATES 
 
 PUBLISHED BY THE ENDOWMENT, 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 1914 
 
Introductory Note 
 
 From time to time the Carnegie Endowment for Inter¬ 
 national Peace has been requested to furnish information 
 concerning arbitrations to which the United States has been a 
 party, and the frequency of these requests leads to the con¬ 
 clusion that a statement of the arbitrations with a minimum 
 of details and appropriate references would not only be of 
 general interest, but would advance the cause of arbitration 
 by showing how frequently and successfully it has been re¬ 
 sorted to. 
 
 The pamphlet has therefore been prepared for the 
 purpose of giving in brief and summary form the arbi¬ 
 trations to which the United States has been a party. It 
 has been thought advisable to include diplomatic settlements 
 which are in the nature of arbitral adjustments. References 
 are given under each case to various publications which the 
 student or reader may consult for more detailed informa¬ 
 tion. A summary showing the pecuniary awards rendered 
 is given at the close of the pamphlet. 
 
 James Brown Scott, 
 
 Director of the Division of International Law. 
 
 Washington, D. C., 
 
 April i, ip14. 
 
TABLE OF REFERENCES 
 
 Alsop Arbitration. (Department of State Print.) 
 
 Afnerican Journal of International Law. (Cited Am. J. Int. Law.) 
 
 American State Papers, Foreign Relations [1789-1833]. (Cited Am. 
 St. Paps., For. Reis.) 
 
 British and Foreign State Papers. (Cited Brit, and For. St. Paps.) 
 
 Calvo, Charles. Recueil historique complet des traites, etc., de tons 
 'les Etats de I’Amerique latine, depuis Vannee 1493 jusqu’a nos 
 jours. Paris. 1869. (Cited Calvo. ) 
 
 Chamizal Arbitration. (Department of State Print.) 
 
 Clercq, A. J. H. de. Recueil des traites, conventions et actes diplo- 
 matiques conclus par la France avec les puissances etrangeres. 
 22 vols. Paris. 1864-1904. (Cited Clercq.) 
 
 Darby, W. Evans. International Tribunals. London. 1904. (Cited 
 Darby.) 
 
 Foreign Relations of the United States. (Cited For. Reis. U. S.) 
 Hertslet, Edward and Lewis. Complete Collection of Treaties and 
 Conventions. (Cited Hertslet.) 
 
 La Fontaine, H. Pasicrisie Internationale. Berne. 1902. (Cited 
 La Fontaine.) 
 
 Malloy, William M. Treaties, Conventions, International Acts, 
 Protocols and Agreements between the United States and Other 
 Powers, 1776 - 1909 . (Cited Malloy.) 
 
 Manuscripts of the Department of State. (Cited MSS., Dep’t of 
 State.) 
 
 Martens, G. F. de. Nouveau Recueil. (Cited Martens.) 
 
 - Nouveau Recueil General de Traites, Deuxieme Serie. (Cited 
 
 Martens, 2d Series.) 
 
 Moore, John Bassett. History and Digest of International Arbitra¬ 
 tions to Which the United States Has Been a Party. 6 vols. 
 Washington. 1898. (Cited Moore.) 
 
 - International Law Digest. 8 vols. Washington. 1906. (Cited 
 
 Moore, Digest.) 
 
 North Atlantic Coast Fisheries Arbitration. [Senate Document No. 
 870, 61st Cong., 3d Sess.] 
 
 Report of R. C. Morris, agent of United States, United States and 
 Venezuelan Claims Commission, 1903 . [Senate Document No. 
 317, 58th Cong., 2d Sess.] 
 
 Senate Documents. (Cited S. Doc., etc.) 
 
 Statutes at Large of the United States of America. (Cited Stat. L.) 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Page. 
 
 Brazil. 
 
 American Schooner “John S. Bryan”. 1 
 
 Brazilian Indemnity . 1 
 
 Whaleship “Canada” . 1 
 
 Chile. 
 
 Schooner “’Macedonia” . 1 
 
 Whaleship “Good Return” . 1 
 
 Mutual Claims. 2 
 
 Alsop Claim . 2 
 
 China. 
 
 Chinese Indemnity . 2 
 
 Ashmore Fishery Claim . 2 
 
 Boxer Indemnity of 1901 . 3 
 
 Colombia. 
 
 “Panama Riot” Claims . 3 
 
 Steamer “Montijo” . 3 
 
 Costa Rica. 
 
 Pecuniary Claims . 4 
 
 Denmark. 
 
 Mutual Claims . 4 
 
 Carlos Butterfield & Company. 4 
 
 Dominican Republic. 
 
 Ozama Bridge Case . 4 
 
 J. Sala & Company . 5 
 
 San Domingo Improvement Company. 5 
 
 Ecuador. 
 
 Pecuniary Claims . 5 
 
 Santos Claim . 5 
 
 France. 
 
 French Indemnity of 1831. 6 
 
 Mutual Claims . 6 
 
 Germany. 
 
 Military Operations in Samoa. 6 
 
 Great Britain. 
 
 St. Croix River Boundary. 6 
 
 Recovery of Debts . 7 
 
 Maritime Seizures and the Rights and Duties of Neutrals.. 7 
 
 Passamaquoddy Bay . 7 
 
 Northern Boundary . 7 
 
 Northeastern Boundary . 8 
 
VI 
 
 Contents 
 
 Page. 
 
 Great Britain— continued. 
 
 Obligation as to Slaves. 8 
 
 Mutual Claims Which Had Arisen Since the Treaty of Ghent. 9 
 Hudson’s Bay and Puget’s Sound Agricultural Companies.. 9 
 
 “Alabama” Claims . 9 
 
 Civil War Claims . 9 
 
 Coast Fishery Rights . 10 
 
 San Juan Water Boundary . 10 
 
 Bering Sea Seal Fisheries . 10 
 
 Bering Sea Claims . 11 
 
 Alaskan Boundary . 11 
 
 North Atlantic Coast Fisheries ... 11 
 
 Pecuniary Claims . 11 
 
 Guatemala. 
 
 Mutual Claims . 12 
 
 Haiti. 
 
 Personal Claims .~. 12 
 
 Personal Claims . 12 
 
 Arbitrary Arrest and Imprisonment. 12 
 
 Illegal Seizure and Sale of Property. 13 
 
 Mexico. 
 
 Personal Indemnities . 13 
 
 Mutual Claims . 13 
 
 Personal Injuries . 13 
 
 Pious Fund of the Californias.. 14 
 
 Chamizal Tract . 14 
 
 New Granada. 
 
 (See Colombia.) 
 
 Nicaragua. 
 
 Illegal Seizures of “Buena Ventura” and “Alerta”. 14 
 
 Paraguay. 
 
 United States and Paraguay Navigation Company. 15 
 
 Peru. 
 
 Indemnity for Destruction of Property. 15 
 
 Maritime Captures . 15 
 
 Mutual Claims . 15 
 
 Mutual Claims . 15 
 
 Personal Injuries . 16 
 
 Portugal. 
 
 Violation of Neutrality .. . 16 
 
 Delagoa Bay Railway Concession. 16 
 
 Russia. 
 
 Seizure of Ships 
 
 16 
 
Contents vii 
 
 Page. 
 
 Salvador. 
 
 Confiscation of Gunpowder. 17 
 
 Salvador Commercial Company . 17 
 
 Siam. 
 
 Military Assault on Vice-Consul. 17 
 
 Personal Injuries . 17 
 
 Spain. 
 
 Maritime Captures . 18 
 
 East and West Florida Claims. 18 
 
 Claims of American Citizens under Treaty of 1819. 18 
 
 Claims Settlement of 1834 . 18 
 
 “Colonel Lloyd Aspinwall” . 19 
 
 Cuban Insurrection of 1868 . 19 
 
 Steamer “Virginius” . 19 
 
 Bark “Masonic” . 19 
 
 Two Sicilies. 
 
 Neapolitan Indemnity . 19 
 
 Venezuela. 
 
 Claims Settlement of 1852. 20 
 
 Aves Island Case, 1859 . 20 
 
 Pecuniary Claims . 20 
 
 Seizure of Ships . 20 
 
 Pecuniary Claims.. 21 
 
 Preferential Treatment of Blockading Powers. 21 
 
 Orinoco Steamship Company. 21 
 
 United States and Venezuela Company. 21 
 
 The Orinoco Corporation . 22 
 
 Summary . 23 
 
) 
 
 Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2019 with funding from 
 Columbia University Libraries 
 
 https://archive.org/details/arbitrationsdiplOOunse 
 
ARBITRATIONS AND DIPLOMATIC 
 SETTLEMENTS OF THE 
 UNITED STATES 
 
 Brazil 
 
 American Schooner “John S. Bryan.” 
 
 Seized in the Province of Para, Brazil, in June, 1836. 
 Commissioners appointed October 15, 1842, to deter¬ 
 mine amount of loss and damage suffered. Awarded 
 the United States 26 contos of reis ($29,120). Diplo¬ 
 matic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4613; Darby, 779. 
 
 Brazilian Indemnity. 
 
 Long outstanding pecuniary claims were settled, under 
 convention of June 27, 1849, by the appropriation by 
 Brazil of 530,000 milreis ($595,600). Diplomatic Set¬ 
 tlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4609; Malloy, 144; Darby, 896. 
 
 Whaleship “Canada ” 
 
 Indemnity for loss of ship and cargo through inter¬ 
 ference of Brazilian officials in 1856. Settled by arbi¬ 
 tration under protocol of March 14, 1870. Awarded 
 United States $100,740.04. Arbitrator: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1733; V, 4687. 
 
 Chile 
 
 Schooner “Macedonia .” 
 
 Loss of silver bullion taken from ship by Chilean 
 admiral in 1821. Settled by arbitration under conven¬ 
 tion of November 10, 1858. Awarded United States 
 $42,400. Arbitrator: Belgium. 
 
 Moore, II, 1449; V, 4689; Malloy, 183; La Fontaine, 35; Darby, 
 785; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 49, p. 492. 
 
 Whaleship “Good Return ” 
 
 Detention by Chilean authorities in 1832. Settled by 
 payment of $20,000 to the United States in 1874. 
 Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, II, 1466; Darby, 799; La Fontaine, 221. 
 
Mutual Claims. 
 
 Arose out of Chilean wars of 1879-82 and 1890-91. 
 Settled in 1894, by arbitration by a mixed commis¬ 
 sion under convention signed August 7 1892. 
 Awarded the United States $240,564.35. No award 
 to Chile. The commission under the convention hav¬ 
 ing failed, through limitation, to conclude its task, 
 leaving certain claims duly presented to it unadjudi¬ 
 cated, a new convention was signed May 24, 1897, to 
 renew the convention of August 7, 1892. The claims 
 commission appointed under the convention of 1897 
 awarded $28,062 gold, in favor of the United States 
 and $3,000 gold in favor of Chile. Commissioners (both 
 commissions) : 1 United States, 1 Chile. Umpire: 
 Switzerland. 
 
 Moore, II, 1469; III, 2231; IV, 3255; V, 4691; Malloy, 185, 
 190; Darby, 820; For. Reis. U. S. (1888), I, 180; Martens, 
 2nd Series, XXII, 339; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 84, 
 p. 600; La Fontaine, 474. 
 
 Alsop Claim. 
 
 Breach of contract between Bolivia and Alsop Com¬ 
 pany doing business in what is now Chilean territory, 
 but at that time Bolivian territory. Settled by arbi¬ 
 tration in 1911, under agreement signed December 1, 
 1909. Awarded United States $906,666.78. Amiable 
 Compositeur: Great Britain. 
 
 Alsop Arbitration (Dep’t of State) ; Am. J. Int. Law, V, 1079. 
 
 China 
 
 Chinese Indemnity. 
 
 Destruction of property of American citizens in 1856. 
 Settled under convention of November 8, 1858, China 
 allotting the sum of $735,238.97. Award in favor 
 of the United States only $489,187.95, but the Chinese 
 Government refused to accept 'the surplus, which subse¬ 
 quently was used in payment of other established claims 
 against the Chinese Government. Diplomatic Settle¬ 
 ments. 
 
 Moore, V, 4627; Malloy, 232; Darby, 897; For. Reis. U. S. 
 (1885), 183. 
 
 Ashmore Fishery Claim. 
 
 Dispossession of American citizen of a fishery in Chi¬ 
 nese territory. Settled by arbitration May 24, 1884. 
 
3 
 
 Awarded United States $4,600. Arbitrators: 1 
 Great Britain, 1 Netherlands. 
 
 Moore, II, 1857; Darby, 805; La Fontaine, 601. 
 
 Boxer Indemnity of 1901. 
 
 Indemnity for losses and damages suffered by Ameri¬ 
 can citizens and for expenses of military and naval 
 operations of the United States arising out of the in¬ 
 surrection of 1900. Under the provisions of the pro¬ 
 tocol between China and the allied Powers, of 
 September 7, 1901, and its annexes, the former Gov¬ 
 ernment obligated itself to pay to the signatory 
 governments certain indemnities,—that of the United 
 States being placed at $24,000,000, gold. Since the 
 signing of that protocol the United States has reduced 
 its indemnity to $11,000,000, and remitted to the Chi¬ 
 nese Government the $13,000,000 remaining of the orig¬ 
 inal indemnity demanded. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 2006; MSS., Dep’t of State; For. Rel. U. S. (1901), 
 App.; 35 Stat. L., 577. 
 
 Colombia 
 
 “Panama Riot” Claims. 
 
 Arising out of violation of rights acquired by the United 
 States on the Isthmus of Panama under the treaty of 
 1846 with New Granada, and for damages arising out 
 of a riot at Panama on April 15, 1856. Settled by 
 mixed commission under convention of September 
 10, 1857. Awarded United States $496,235.47. Re¬ 
 maining unadjudicated claims continued for later ad¬ 
 judication. These latter settled in 1865-66 by a mixed 
 commission under the convention dated February 10, 
 1864. Awarded the United States $88,367.19. Com¬ 
 missioners (first commission) : 1 Mexico, 1 United 
 States, Umpire: United States; (second commission) : 
 1 United States, 1 Colombia. Umpire: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1361, 1396; V, 4694; Darby, 783, 789; Brit, and For. 
 St. Paps., vol. 47, p. 353; id., vol. 54, p. 1132; La Fontaine, 
 33, 620, Malloy, 319, 321. 
 
 Steamer “Montijo.” 
 
 Indemnity for capture and use by insurgents in April, 
 1871. Settled in 1875 by a mixed commission under 
 
4 
 
 agreement of August 17, 1874. Awarded the United 
 States $33,401. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 
 Colombia. Umpire: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1421; V, 4698; For. Reis. U. S. (1875-76), 427; 
 Darby, 799; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 65, p. 619; La 
 Fontaine, 209. 
 
 Costa Rica 
 
 Pecuniary Claims. 
 
 Claims of American citizens for personal injuries and 
 damages to property due to acts of Costa Rican author¬ 
 ities. Settled in 1862, by arbitration by a mixed com¬ 
 mission under the convention signed July 2, 1860. 
 Awarded the United States $25,704.14. Commissioners: 
 1 United States, 1 Costa RicaC Umpire: Italy. 
 
 Malloy, 346; Moore, II, 1551; V, 4701; Darby, 786; Brit, and 
 For. St. Paps., vol. 50, p. 498; La Fontaine, 38. 
 
 Denmark 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Arose out of detention and confiscation of merchant 
 vessels and goods during the Napoleonic wars. Set¬ 
 tled in 1833, under the convention of March 28, 1830, 
 by a domestic commission composed of American citi¬ 
 zens, Denmark having previously renounced her own 
 claims and agreed to pay a total of $650,000 to Ameri¬ 
 can claimants. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Darby, 894; Moore, V, 4549; Malloy, 377; Martens, VIII, 
 350; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 17, p. 958; Am. St. Paps., 
 For. Reis., Ill, 521. 
 
 Carlos Butterfield & Company. 
 
 Seizure and detention, in 1854-5, of vessels named 
 Ben Franklin and Catherine Augusta. Settled in 1890, 
 by arbitration under an agreement signed December 6, 
 1888. Claim rejected. Arbitrator: Great Britain. 
 
 La Fontaine, 329; Malloy, 387; Darby, 814; Moore, II, 1185; 
 V, 4710; Martens, 2nd Series, XV, 790; For. Reis. U. S. 
 (1889), 151; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 82, p. 756. 
 
 Dominican Republic 
 
 Osama Bridge Case. 
 
 Claim arising out of seizure, by municipal authorities 
 of Santo Domingo City, of a toll bridge owned by an 
 American citizen under concessions from city govern¬ 
 ment. Referred to arbitration under agreement con- 
 
5 
 
 eluded by diplomatic correspondence in 1897-98. 
 Awarded United States $74,411.17. Arbitrator: United 
 States. 
 
 Moore, Digest, VI, 729; For. Reis. U. S. (1898), 274. 
 
 J. Sala & Company. 
 
 Claim of American firm for supplies furnished to late 
 President. Submitted to arbitration by agreement be¬ 
 tween the firm and Dominican Government in January, 
 1903. Awarded United States $215,000. Arbitra¬ 
 tors: United States and Bolivia. 
 
 Darby, 904; MSS. Dep’t of State. 
 
 San Domingo Improvement Company. 
 
 Differences arose between the Dominican Government 
 and certain American corporations. Under a protocol 
 signed January 31, 1903, the companies withdrew from 
 the Dominican Republic, and the question of indemnity 
 was submitted to arbitrators. Award of $4,481,250 in 
 favor of the United States. Arbitrators: 1 United 
 States, 1 Dominican Republic. Umpire: United States. 
 
 For. Reis. U. S. (1904), 270; Malloy, 414; Moore, Digest, 
 VI, 523, 734. 
 
 Ecuador 
 
 Pecuniary Claims. 
 
 Mutual claims of citizens of the two countries which 
 arose out of various governmental acts. Settled in 1865 
 by a mixed commission under the provisions of the 
 convention signed November 25, 1862. Awarded United 
 States $94,799.56. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 
 Ecuador. Umpire: Venezuela. 
 
 Moore, II, 1569; V, 4711; Darby, 787; Malloy, 432; Brit, and 
 For. St. Paps., Vol. 54/p. 1121; La Fontaine, 40. 
 
 Santos Claim. 
 
 Illegal arrest in December, 1884, of Santos, an Ameri¬ 
 can citizen, who was charged with complicity in the 
 revolution. Settled by arbitration in September 22, 
 1896, under convention signed February 28, 1893. 
 Awarded United States $40,000. Arbitrator: Great 
 Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1579; V, 4713; Malloy, 438; Darby, 820; Martens, 
 2nd Series, XXII, 375; For. Reis. U. S. (1896), 103; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 86, p. 1174; vol. 88, p. 552; La 
 Fontaine, 449. 
 
6 
 
 France 
 
 French Indemnity of 1831. 
 
 Mutual claims arising out of depredations at sea during 
 the Napoleonic wars. Settled in 1836, under a con¬ 
 vention signed July 4, 1831, by the provisions of which 
 the French Government agreed to pay the sum of 
 25,000,000 francs and the United States to pay to 
 France the sum of $1,500,000. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 523; Darbv, 894; Moore, V, 4447; Am. St. Paps., 
 For. Reis., Ill, 25, 80, 244, 324; V, 152, 204, 642, 672. 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Claims for compensation for injuries sustained by the 
 citizens of both countries during the Mexican War of 
 1863, the American Civil War, and the Franco-German 
 War of 1870. Settled in 1884, by a mixed commis¬ 
 sion under a convention signed January 15, 1880. 
 Awarded the United States 13,659.14 francs; awarded 
 against the United States $625,566.35. Commissioners: 
 1 United States, 1 France. Umpire: Brazil. 
 
 Moore, II. 1133; V, 4715; Darby, 801; Martens, 2nd Series, 
 VI, 493; IX, 700; Clercq, XII, 519; XIV, 42, 132; La Fontaine, 
 227; Malloy, 535. 
 
 Germany 
 
 Military Operations in Samoa. 
 
 Claims for damages resulting from military op¬ 
 erations of Great Britain and the United States 
 in bombarding Apia in 1899. Settled in 1902 by 
 arbitration, under a convention signed November 
 7, 1899. Awarded Germany as against the United 
 States and Great Britain £50,000, of which one- 
 half, £25,000 ($121,500), was paid by the United States. 
 Arbitrator: Sweden and Norway. 
 
 Malloy, 1589; Darby, 835; MSS. Dep’t of State; La Fontaine, 
 613. 
 
 Great Britain 
 
 St. Croix River Boundary. 
 
 Controversy as to what river was intended under the 
 name of the river St. Croix mentioned in the Treaty of 
 Peace of 1783. Settled by arbitration by a commis¬ 
 sion in 1798, under treaty signed November 19, 1794. 
 Award in favor of the United States. Commissioners: 
 
7 
 
 1 United States, 1 Great Britain. Umpire: United 
 States. 
 
 Malloy, 593; Moore, I, 1; V, 4720; Darby, 769; Hertslet, IX, 
 761; La Fontaine, 1. 
 
 Recovery of Debts. 
 
 Arose out of acts of certain States which passed laws 
 impeding the recovery of sums of money by British 
 subjects prior to the war of the revolution. Settled 
 finally by convention signed January 8, 1802, under 
 the terms of which the United States agreed to pay to 
 Great Britain the sum of $2,664,000, the total claim. 
 The mixed commission originally appointed under the 
 treaty of 1794, composed of 5 commissioners (3 Great 
 Britain and 2 United States), had been unable to reach 
 an agreement. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 594, 610; Moore, V, 4727. 
 
 Maritime Seizures and the Rights and Duties of Neutrals. 
 
 Mutual claims arising from losses and damages sus¬ 
 tained by irregular and illegal captures or condemna¬ 
 tion during the revolution. Settled by arbitration by a 
 commission in 1804, under Article VII, of the treaty 
 of November 19, 1794. Awarded the United States 
 $11,656,000; awarded Great Britain $143,428.14. Com¬ 
 missioners: 2 United States, 2 Great Britain. Umpire: 
 United States. 
 
 Darby, 770; Moore, I, 299; V, 4720; La Fontaine, 4; Am. 
 St. Paps., For. Reis., I, 140, 184, 239, 315, 401, 430, 472. 
 
 Passamaquoddy Bay. 
 
 Question of ownership of certain islands in the Bay. 
 Settled by arbitration by a commission under Article 
 IV of the treaty signed December 24, 1814. Award 
 divided ownership with preponderance against the 
 United States. Commissioners: I United States, 1 Great 
 Britain. 
 
 Moore, I, 45; V, 4728; Darby, 772; Brit, and For. St. Paps., 
 vol. 4, p. 805; Vol. 5, p. 198; Martens. II, 76; Am. St. Paps., 
 For. Reis., I, 92; II, 584; IV, 171, 808; Malloy, 614. 
 
 Northern Boundary. 
 
 Boundary along the middle of the Great Lakes, etc., 
 to the water communication between Lakes Huron and 
 
8 
 
 Superior; also boundary to the Lake of the Woods. 
 Under Articles VI and VII, of the treaty signed De¬ 
 cember 24, 1814, the questions were referred to a joint 
 commission for arbitration, which, however, disagreed 
 The questions were finally settled under Articles VI 
 and VII of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, signed Au¬ 
 gust 9, 1842. Commissioners: 1 United States 
 and 1 Great Britain, disagreed. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Am. St. Paps., For. Reis., II, 584; III, 164; IV, 808; La 
 Fontaine, 15; Brit, and For. St. Paps., vol. 57, p. 803; Moore, 
 I, 162, 171; V, 4728; Darby, 772; Malloy, 612. 
 
 Northeastern Boundary. 
 
 Controversy over the boundary of the United States 
 from the source of the river St. Croix to the river 
 St. Lawrence. Under Article V, of the treaty of 
 December 24, 1814, provision was made for a commis¬ 
 sion to determine this boundary. The commission, 
 however, was unable to agree and finally adjourned 
 April 13, 1822. The question was then referred to the 
 arbitration of the King of The Netherlands under 
 treaty of September 29, 1827. Award rendered Jan¬ 
 uary 10, 1831, but was not decisive. The boundary was 
 finally settled by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 
 1842. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, I, 65; V, 4728; Darby, 772; Martens, VII (pt. 2), 
 p. 491; Hertslet, XVIII, 1249; Am. St. Paps., For. Reis., II, 
 584; III, 162; IV, 647, 808; V, 50; Brit, and For. St. Paps., 
 vol. 15, p. 469; vol. 22, p. 772; vol. 23, p. 404; vol. 24, p. 1179; 
 vol. 25, p. 903; vol. 27, p. 821; La Fontaine, 8; Malloy, 615. 
 
 Obligation as to Slaves. 
 
 Controversy respecting the true intent and meaning of 
 Article I of the Treaty of Ghent of December 24, 1814, 
 respecting the restoration of, or compensation for, 
 slaves in territory in possession of British at time of 
 ratification of that treaty, which territory was to be re¬ 
 stored to the United States. Settled by arbitration, de¬ 
 cision being rendered April 22, 1822, under the conven¬ 
 tion of October 20, 1818. Award in favor of the United 
 States. The amount of compensation was not fixed by 
 this award, but was left to a mixed commission under 
 a convention signed July 12, 1822, which rendered its 
 decision November 13, 1826. Awarded the United 
 
9 
 
 States $1,204,960. Arbitrator: Russia. Commissioners: 
 2 United States, 2 Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, I, 350; V, 4733; Darby, 775; Am. St. Paps., For. Reis., 
 Ill, 735; IV, 106, 376; V, 214; La Fontaine, 17, 619; Malloy, 
 631, 634. 
 
 Mutual Claims Which Had Arisen Since the Treaty of 
 Ghent. 
 
 Settled in 1854 by a mixed commission under a con¬ 
 vention signed February 8, 1853. Awarded the United 
 States $329,734.16; awarded Great Britain $277,102.88. 
 Commissioners: 1 Great Britain, 1 United States. Um¬ 
 pire: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, I, 391; IV, 4349; Darby, 782; Malloy, 664; La Fon¬ 
 taine, 31. 
 
 Hudson s Bay and Puget's Sound Agricultural Companies. 
 Claims of these British companies on account of appro¬ 
 priation of lands once possessed by them in territories 
 of Oregon and Washington. Settled by arbitration in 
 1865, under the treaty signed July 1, 1863. Awarded 
 title of the land to the United States upon payment of 
 cash consideration of $650,000 to Great Britain. 
 Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Great Britain. Um¬ 
 pire: United States. 
 
 Moore, I, 237; V, 4749; Darby, 788; La Fontaine, 44; For. 
 Reis. U. S. (1871-72), 532; Malloy, 688. 
 
 “Alabama” Claims. 
 
 Claims of American citizens for compensation for 
 losses and damages occasioned by acts of the Alabama 
 and other privateers fitted out in British waters. Set¬ 
 tled in 1872, by arbitration by a mixed commission 
 under Articles 1-11 of the treaty of May 8, 1871. 
 Awarded United States $15,500,000. Commissioners: 
 1 United States, 1 Great Britain, 1 Italy, 1 Switzerland, 
 and 1 Brazil. 
 
 Moore, I, 495; Darby, 794; Malloy, 701, footnote; La Fontaine, 
 138. 
 
 Civil War Claims. 
 
 Mutual claims of subjects arising out of military 
 operations during the Civil War. Settled in 1873, 
 by arbitration by a mixed commission under 
 Articles 12-17 of the treaty signed May 8, 1871. 
 
10 
 
 Awarded Great Britain $1,929,819. Commissioners: 1 
 United States, 1 Great Britain. Umpire: Italy. 
 
 Moore, I, 683; III, 2201; Darby, 795; Malloy, 705, footnote; 
 Martens, 2nd Series, I, 37; Hertsiet, XIV, 1180; La Fon¬ 
 taine, 144. 
 
 Coast Fishery Rights. 
 
 Controversy as to pecuniary compensation due Great 
 Britain in consideration of the greater value of fishing 
 privileges conferred by Great Britain on the United 
 States under Articles 18-21 of the Treaty of Washing¬ 
 ton. Settled in 1878 by arbitration by a mixed com¬ 
 mission under Articles 22-25 of the Treaty of Wash¬ 
 ington, signed May 8, 1871. Awarded Great Britain 
 $5,500,000. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Great 
 Britain, 1 Belgium. 
 
 Moore, I, 703; V, 4751; Darby, 795; Moore, Digest, I, 799; 
 Malloy, 708, footnote; Hertsiet, XIV, 1185; La Fontaine, 148. 
 
 San Juan Water Boundary. 
 
 Dispute as to the boundary line through the channel 
 separating the continent from Vancouver Island. Set¬ 
 tled in 1872, by arbitration under Articles 34-37 of the 
 Treaty of Washington. Award in favor of United 
 States. Arbitrator: Germany. 
 
 Moore, I, 196; V, 4756; Darby, 796; Malloy, 716; Brit, and 
 For. St. Paps., vol. 50, p. 796; vol. 55, pp. 743, 1211, 1284; 
 vol. 56, p. 1406; vol. 59, p. 21; vol. 62. p. 188; La Fontaine, 
 149; Martens, XX, 775. 
 
 Bering Sea Seal Fisheries. 
 
 Controversy as to the jurisdictional rights of the United 
 States in the Bering Sea. Settled in 1893 by arbitra¬ 
 tion under the convention signed February 29, 1892. 
 Award against the United States in the matter of 
 ownership of the seals outside of the maritime jurisdic¬ 
 tion and in favor of the United States to the extent 
 that necessity for regulation was admitted. Arbitra¬ 
 tors: 2 United States, 2 Great Britain, 1 France, 1 
 Italy, 1 Norway and Sweden. 
 
 Moore, I, 755; II, 2123; V, 4759; Darby, 819; Malloy, 746; 
 Martens, 2nd Series, XVIII, 592; XXII, 557; Hertsiet, XIX, 
 925; For. Reis., U. S. (1890), 358; (1891), 530, La Fontaine, 
 422. 
 
11 
 
 Bering Sea Claims. 
 
 Claims of British subjects for seizure and detention of 
 vessels and sailing fleets prior to 1892 in Bering Sea 
 waters outside of the maritime limit. The United 
 States in 1894 offered to pay, subject to consent of Con¬ 
 gress, $425,000 in full settlement. This was accepted 
 by Great Britain. Congress did not appropriate the 
 money and a mixed commission was appointed under 
 a convention signed February 8, 1896, to determine the 
 exact amount of damages in the case. Awarded Great 
 Britain, December 17, 1897, $473,151.26. Ccnnmission- 
 ers: 1 Great Britain, 1 United States. 
 
 Moore, I, 960; II, 2123; V, 4764, 5067; Darby, 825; Malloy, 
 766; Hertslet, XX, 935; La Fontaine, 520, 
 
 Alaskan Boundary. 
 
 Controversy as to the boundary between Alaska and the 
 Dominion of Canada. Settled in 1903 by arbitration by 
 a joint commission under the convention signed Janu¬ 
 ary 24, 1903. Award largely in favor of the United 
 States. Arbitrators: 3 United States, 3 Great Britain. 
 
 Malloy, 787; Darby, 908; S. Doc. No. 162, 58th Cong., 1st Sess. 
 
 North Atlantic Coast Fisheries. 
 
 Controversy as to the rights of American citizens in 
 North Atlantic Coast waters, granted by Article 1 of 
 the convention of October 20, 1818. Settled in 1910, by 
 arbitration by the Permanent Court at The Hague under 
 a special agreement signed January 27, 1909. Award 
 on five of the seven questions favorable to the United 
 States; on the other two questions a compromise. 
 Arbitrators: 1 United States, 1 Great Britain, 1 Aus¬ 
 tria, 1 Netherlands, 1 Argentine R-epublic. 
 
 Moore, I, 426; V, 4747; La Fontaine, 437; Malloy, 835; North 
 Atlantic Coast Fisheries Arbitration (Dep’t of State). 
 
 Pecuniary Claims. 
 
 By an agreement signed August 18, 1910, certain out¬ 
 standing claims were referred to arbitration, as recom¬ 
 mended by article 38 of the Hague Convention of Oc¬ 
 tober 18, 1907. The arbitration is still pending. Arbi¬ 
 trators: 1 United States, 1 Great Britain, 1 France. 
 
 S. Doc. No. 1063, 62d Cong., 3d Sess., p. 50. 
 
12 
 
 Guatemala 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Arising out of a contract between the Government of 
 Guatemala and a citizen of the United States concern¬ 
 ing the building of the Guatemala Northern Railroad 
 and for damages caused by civil and military authori¬ 
 ties of Guatemala. Settled by Arbitrator under agree¬ 
 ment of February 23, 1900. Award of $143,750.73 in 
 favor of United States. Arbitrator: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, Digest, VI, 730; For. Reis. U. S. (1900), 648; Malloy, 
 871. 
 
 Haiti 
 
 Personal Claims. 
 
 Arising out of charges against American citizens of 
 piracy and traffic in slaves, and the non-execution of a 
 contract in connection with a government concession 
 for a bank. Settled by arbitrator under protocol of 
 May 24, 1884. Award of $174,750, in favor of the 
 United States, set aside by Department of State. Arbi¬ 
 trator: United States. 
 
 Moore, II, 1749; V, 4768; Darby, 806; For. Reis. U. S. (1887), 
 630; Malloy, 932, 935; Martens, 2nd Series, XI, 798; Brit, and 
 For. St. Paps., vol. 75, p. 382; La Fontaine, 245. 
 
 Personal Claims. 
 
 Damages sustained during a riot at Port au Prince. 
 September, 1883. Settled by a mixed commission un¬ 
 der verbal agreement of January 25, 1885. Award 
 of $5,700 in favor of the United States. Commission¬ 
 ers: 2 United States, 2 Haiti. 
 
 For. Reis. U. S. (1883), 594; (1885), 500; Moore, II, 1859. 
 
 Arbitrary Arrest and Imprisonment. 
 
 Arrest and imprisonment of an American citizen 
 and denial of legal rights at Port au Prince in 1884. 
 Settled by arbitrator under protocol of May 24, 1888. 
 Award of $60,000 in favor of the United States. Arbi¬ 
 trator: United States. 
 
 Darby, 813; Malloy, 935; Moore, II, 1807; V, 4770; For. 
 Reis. U. S. (1884), 316; (1885), 498; (1888, pt. 1), 984, 
 1007; La Fontaine, 301. 
 
13 
 
 Illegal Seizure and Sale of Property. 
 
 Claim for seizure and sale of property belonging to 
 American citizen by the Government of Haiti, and for 
 breach of contract. By agreement of October 18, 1899, 
 referred to arbitrator. Award of $23,000 in favor of 
 the United States. Arbitrator: United States. 
 
 Malloy, 936; Darby, 835; Brit, and For. St. Pans., vol. 92, 
 p. 461. 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Personal Indemnities . 
 
 Claims of United States citizens for damages suffered 
 during numerous revolutions. All claims referred by 
 convention of April 11, 1839, to an arbitral commission. 
 Awarded United States, $671,798.08. Remaining unad¬ 
 judicated claims referred to another commission by 
 convention of January 30, 1843. War with Mexico in¬ 
 tervened, and at the close of the war the United States, 
 in consideration of territory ceded by Mexico under 
 the treaty of February 2, 1848, agreed not only to pay 
 the liquidated claims under the conventions of 1839 
 and 1843, but also to discharge Mexico from all claims 
 of citizens of the United States not heretofore decided 
 against the Mexican Government and to make satisfac¬ 
 tion for the same to an amount not exceeding three and 
 one-quarter million dollars. For this purpose the United 
 States established a board of commissioners whose 
 awards amounted to $3,208,314.96. Diplomatic Set¬ 
 tlements. 
 
 Moore, IT, 1209; V, 4771; Darby, 778; Malloy, 1101, 1105, 
 1107; La Fontaine, 21; MSS. Dep’t of State. 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Various claims and counter-claims which had arisen 
 since the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. Settled 
 by a mixed commission under a convention dated July 
 4, 1868. Awards, $4,125,622.20 in favor of the United 
 States, $150,498.41 in favor of Mexico. Commissioners: 
 1 United States, 1 Mexico. Umpire: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1287; V, 4773; Darby, 791; Malloy, 1128; Calvo, 
 II, 570; La Fontaine, 70. 
 
 Personal Injuries. 
 
 Suffered by American citizens at the hands of 
 Mexican agents in 1892. Settled by arbitrator under 
 
14 
 
 a special convention of March 2, 1897. Award in 
 favor of Mexico. Arbitrator: Argentine Republic. 
 
 Malloy, 1180; Darby, 828; For. Reis. U. S. (1897), 378; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 90, p. 1252; La Fontaine, 558. 
 
 Pious Fund of the Californios. 
 
 Claim advanced by and on behalf of prelates of the 
 Roman Catholic Church of California against Mexico 
 for annual interest in arrears on a certain fund known 
 as the “Pious Fund of the Californias.” Settled by 
 Permanent Court at The Hagiie under the protocol of 
 May 22, 1902. Award of permanent future annual 
 interest of $43,050.99, Mexican money, and arrears 
 amounting to $1,420,082.67, Mexican money (approx¬ 
 imately $710,041.33., United States money), in favor 
 of the United States. Arbitrators : 1 Great Britain, 
 1 Russia, 2 Netherlands, 1 Denmark. 
 
 Malloy, 1194; Darby, 901; MSS. Dep’t of State. 
 
 Chamizal Tract. 
 
 Controversy over the ownership of a tract of land situ¬ 
 ated on the Rio Grande River near El Paso, Texas. 
 Submitted to a mixed commission in 1911, under 
 agreement signed June 24, 1910. Award indecisive 
 and question is still subject of diplomatic negotiation. 
 Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Mexico. Umpire: 
 Great Britain. 
 
 Chamizal Arbitration (Dep’t of State) ; Am. J. Int. Law, IV, 
 925; V, 709, 782-832. 
 
 Nicaragua 
 
 Illegal Seizures of e( Buena Ventura ,f and “Alerta.” 
 
 Seizure and detention by Nicaraguan authorities of the 
 two steam launches Buena Ventura and Alerta be¬ 
 longing to American citizens. Also claim of an 
 American company for seizure of certain goods be¬ 
 longing to it. Settled by an arbitrator under an 
 agreement signed March 22, 1900. Award of $8,- 
 365.94, in favor of the United States. Arbitrator: 
 United States. 
 
 Malloy, 1290; Darby, 837; La Fontaine, 616. 
 
15 
 
 Paraguay 
 
 United States and Paraguay Navigation Company. 
 
 Confiscation of property rights, interference with the 
 business and expulsion of the company from the coun¬ 
 try. Settled by a commission under convention of Feb¬ 
 ruary 4, 1859. Award in favor of Paraguay. Com¬ 
 missioners: 1 United States, 1 Paraguay. 
 
 Moore, II, 1485; V, 4781; Malloy, 1362; Darby, 785; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 49, p. 485; La Fontaine, 37, 620. 
 
 Peru 
 
 Indemnity for Destruction of Property. 
 
 Seizure and destruction of property by the Peruvian 
 Government. By a convention signed March 17, 1841, 
 the Peruvian Government agreed to pay the United 
 States 300,000 “hard dollars,” to be distributed among 
 the claimants in a manner prescribed by the United 
 States Congress. The United States Congress directed 
 the Attorney General to adjudicate the claims. Award 
 of $421,432.41 in favor of the United States. Diplo¬ 
 matic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4591; Darby, 895; Malloy, 1386. 
 
 Maritime Captures. 
 
 Illegal capture and confiscation of two American ships, 
 Lizzie Thompson and Georgiana, in January, 1858. 
 Settled by arbitrator under agreement of December 
 20, 1862, in that the arbitrator declined to act, and his 
 reasons given for such declination convinced the United 
 States that its claim was untenable. Claim withdrawn 
 by United States. Arbitrator: Belgium. 
 
 Moore, II, 1593; V, 4785; Malloy, 1406; Darby, 787; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 54, p. 1123; La Fontaine, 41. 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Settled by mixed commission under convention signed 
 January 12, 1863. Awards in favor of United States, 
 $57,196.23 ; in favor of Peru, $25,300. Commissioners: 2 
 United States, 2 Peru. Umpire: Colombia. 
 
 Moore, II, 1615; V, 4786; Malloy, 1408; Darby, 788; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 54, p. 1124; La Fontaine, 43. 
 
 Mutual Claims. 
 
 Various claims arising since 1863. Settled by an arbi¬ 
 tral commission under convention of December 4, 1868. 
 
 i 
 
16 
 
 Awards in favor of the United States, $194,417.62; in 
 favor of Peril, $57,040. Commissioners: 1 United States, 
 1 Peru. Umpires: 1 Great Britain, 1 Colombia, acting 
 by lot. 
 
 Moore, II, 1639; V, 4788; Darby, 792; Malloy, 1411; Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 59, p. 268; La Fontaine, 79. 
 
 Personal Injuries. 
 
 Damages claimed by an American citizen who was 
 arrested, fined and deprived of his occupation during 
 Revolution of 1885. Settled by arbitrator under the 
 agreement of May 17, 1898.^ Award of $40,000 
 in favor of the United States. Arbitrator: Great 
 Britain. 
 
 Malloy, 1443; Darby, 832; La Fontaine, £12. 
 
 Portugal 
 
 Violation of Neutrality. 
 
 Alleged non-fulfilment of neutral duty in permitting 
 destruction of American ships by British fleet in Por¬ 
 tuguese waters. Settled by arbitrator under the treaty 
 of February 26, 1851. Award in favor of Portugal. 
 Arbitrator: France. 
 
 Moore, II, 1071; V, 4791; Malloy, 1458; Darby, 781: Brit, 
 and For. St. Paps., vol. 42, p. 1378; vol. 45, p. 465; Clercq., 
 VI, 237; La Fontaine, 30. 
 
 Delacjoa Bay Railway Concession. 
 
 Seizure and confiscation in 1889 of railroad conces¬ 
 sions held by American and British citizens under grant 
 from the Portuguese Government. Submitted to arbi¬ 
 tration by exchange of notes on August 13, 1890, and a 
 protocol dated June 13, 1891. Award, in favor of the 
 United States and Great Britain, of 15,314,000 francs, 
 Swiss money, in addition to £28,000 paid on account 
 in 1890. Total award, $3,091,682, of which the 
 United States received $412,619.28. Arbitrators: 3 
 Switzerland. 
 
 Moore, II, 1865; Malloy, 1460; Darby, 816; La Fontaine, 397. 
 
 Russia 
 
 Seizure of Ships. 
 
 Capture of American fishing vessels in the Bering 
 Sea within seven miles of the Asiatic coast by Rus¬ 
 sian cruisers. Settled by arbitration under a protocol 
 
17 
 
 signed September 8, 1900. Awards of $114,670 
 
 in favor of the United States. Arbitrator: Nether¬ 
 lands. 
 
 Malloy, 1532; Darby, 837; La Fontaine, 618, 645. 
 
 Salvador 
 
 Confiscation of Gunpowder. 
 
 In September, 1851, an American citizen imported 
 gunpowder into Salvador and had disposed of a part 
 of it when, in 1852, the sale of gunpowder was de¬ 
 creed a government monopoly. Claimant was unable 
 to dispose of the balance of powder he had on hand 
 and the same was confiscated by the government. 
 Claim settled by arbitration under an agreement of May 
 4, 1864. Award of $4,497.50 in favor of United 
 States. Arbitrators: 3 Latin America. 
 
 Moore, II, 1855; Darby, 789. 
 
 Salvador Commercial Company. 
 
 Claims of Salvador Commercial Company arising out 
 of alleged appropriation of certain rights conceded to 
 it by the Government of Salvador. Submitted to 
 arbitration under protocol dated December 19, 1901. 
 Award of $537,178.64, in favor of the United States. 
 Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Salvador. Umpire: 
 Great Britain. 
 
 Malloy, 1568; Darby, 901. 
 
 Siam 
 
 Military Assault on Vice-Consul. 
 
 Attack on the American Vice-Consul by Siamese sol¬ 
 diers, on November 19, 1896. In 1897 the question 
 was submitted to arbitration. Award in favor of United 
 States, requiring Government of Siam to publish offi¬ 
 cial regrets. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Siam. 
 
 Moore, II, 1862; Darby, 831; La Fontaine, 604 
 Personal Injuries. 
 
 Claim of an American citizen for seizure and sale of 
 personal property by the Siamese Government in 1889. 
 Settled by arbitration under protocol of an agreement 
 
18 
 
 dated July 26, 1897. Award of $196,713.36 in favor of 
 the United States. Arbitrator: Great Britain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1899; V, 5068; Darby, 831; S. Doc. No. 180, 
 54th Cong., 2nd Sess.; For. Reis. U. S. (1897), 479; La 
 Fontaine, 579. 
 
 Spain 
 
 Maritime Captures. 
 
 Claims against Spain for depredations committed upon 
 American ships during the war between Spain and 
 France. Settled by commission under the treaty of Oc¬ 
 tober 27, 1795. Award of $325,440,075 in favor of 
 the United States. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 
 Spain. Umpire: United States. 
 
 Moore, II, 991; V, 4796; Malloy 1640; Darby, 770; La Fon¬ 
 taine, 79; Am. St. Paps., For. Reis., I, 45, 48, 277, 533; II, 
 283; IV, 530. 
 
 East and West Florida Claims. 
 
 Indemnity to Spanish subjects for injuries received 
 during operations of the American army in Florida, 
 under Article 9 of the treaty of February 22, 1819. 
 By act of Congress of March 3, 1823, claimants were 
 remitted to the superior courts of St. Augustine and 
 Pensacola, the judges thereof being authorized to form 
 a tribunal. The sum eventually paid by the United 
 States was $1,024,741.44. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4519; Malloy, 1651; Darby, 893; Am. St. Paps., 
 For. Reis., I, 63; II, 564; III, 538; IV. 422, 776. 
 
 Claims of American Citizens under Treaty of i 8 ip. 
 
 Payment by the United States of claims of its own 
 citizens then existing against Spain, under Article 11 
 of the treaty. Award $5,000,000. Diplomatic Settle¬ 
 ment. Domestic Commission. 
 
 Moore, V, 4487; Malloy, 1651; Darby, 893; La Fontaine, 7. 
 Claims Settlement of 1834 . 
 
 Indemnities to various American claimants, provision 
 for the payment of which was made by Spain in a 
 convention signed February 17, 1834. Distribution 
 of $549,850.28, made by United States to claimants, 
 January 31, 1838. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4533; Malloy, 1659; Darby, 895; Brit, and For. 
 St. Paps., vol. 18, p. 2. 
 
19 
 
 “Colonel Lloyd Aspinwall " 
 
 Seizure and detention by Spain, in 1870, of the American 
 steamer Colonel Lloyd Aspinwall. Settled by arbitra¬ 
 tion commissioners under exchange of notes dated May 
 25, 1870, and June 16, 1870. Award of $19,702.50 in 
 gold in favor of the United States. Commissioners: 1 
 United States, 1 Spain. 
 
 Moore, II, 1007; Darby, 793 ', La Fontaine, 154. 
 
 Cuban Insurrection of 1868 . 
 
 Claims for wrongs inflicted upon American citizens 
 during Cuban insurrection of 1868. Settled by mixed 
 commission under the diplomatic agreement of Febru¬ 
 ary 12, 1871. Award of $1,293,450.55 in favor of the 
 United States. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Spain. 
 Umpires: 1 Austria, 1 France, 1 Italy, 1 Sweden and 
 Norway. (Changed because of resignations.) 
 
 Moore, II, 1019; V, 4802; Malloy, 1661; Darby, 794; Martens, 
 2nd Series, I, 19; La Fontaine, 134, 640. 
 
 Steamer “Virginius 
 
 Indemnity demanded for outrages inflicted on officers 
 and crew of the steamer while in Cuban waters. By 
 an agreement of February 27, 1875, Spain agreed to pay 
 $80,000. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 1664. 
 
 Bark “MasonicA 
 
 Seizure and detention of American ship Masonic at 
 Manila in 1879. Settled by arbitrator under agreement 
 by mutual notes, signed at Madrid, February 28, 1885. 
 Award of $51,674 in favor of the United States, which 
 was $2,600 in excess of the amount claimed. Arbitra¬ 
 tor: Italy. 
 
 Moore, II, 1055; For. Reis. U. S. (1885), 678; Darby, 808; La 
 Fontaine, 281. 
 
 Two Sicilies 
 
 Neapolitan Indemnity. 
 
 Claims arising out of depredations on American ves¬ 
 sels during Napoleonic wars. By the convention of 
 October 14, 1832, the King of the Two Sicilies agreed 
 to pay the United States 2,115,000 Neapolitan ducats 
 in settlement. Awards rendered in 1835 of $1,- 
 
20 
 
 925,034.68 in favor of the United States. Diplomatic 
 Settlement. 
 
 Moore, V, 4575; Darby, 894; Am. St. Paps., For. Reis., IV, 
 160; Malloy, 1804. 
 
 Venezuela 
 
 Claims Settlement of 1832 . 
 
 Indemnity for capture and confiscation, in 1818-19 
 and 1827, of certain American vessels. By the conven¬ 
 tion of May 1, 1852, Venezuela agreed to pay the Uni¬ 
 ted States $90,000. Diplomatic Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 1842. 
 
 Aves Island Case, 1839 . 
 
 Claims for damages caused by eviction of American 
 citizens from the island by Venezuelan authorities. 
 By the convention of January 14, 1859, Venezuela 
 agreed to pay the United States $130,000. Diplomatic 
 Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 1843. 
 
 Pecuniary Claims. 
 
 Outstanding claims of American citizens against the 
 Government of Venezuela were submitted to mixed 
 arbitration commissions by the conventions of 
 April 25, 1866, December 5, 1885, March 15, 1888, and 
 October 5, 1888. Award of $980,572.60 in favor of the 
 United States. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Vene¬ 
 zuela. Umpire: First commission, Venezuela; second 
 commission, United States. 
 
 Malloy, 1856, 1858, 1865, 1866, 1867, note; Moore, II, 1659; 
 V, 4808. 
 
 Seizure of Ships. 
 
 Claims arising from seizure of American ships and 
 imprisonment of crews by the Venezuelan Govern¬ 
 ment. Settled by mixed commission under conven¬ 
 tion signed January 19, 1892. Award of $141,800 in 
 favor of the United States and $300 in favor of Vene¬ 
 zuela. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 Venezuela. 
 Umpire: Sweden and Norway. 
 
 Moore II, 1693; III, 2238; V, 4818; Malloy, 1868; Darby 
 818; Martens, 2nd Series, XXII, 263; La Fontaine, 420. 
 
21 
 
 Pecuniary Claims. 
 
 Various claims of citizens of the United States. 
 Settled by mixed commission under protocol of Feb¬ 
 ruary 17, 1903. Award of $2,313,711.3/1 in favor of 
 the United States. Commissioners: 1 United States, 1 
 Venezuela. Umpire: Netherlands. 
 
 Malloy, 1870; Darby, 909; Report of Robert C. Morris, Agent. 
 
 Preferential Treatment of Blockading Powers. 
 
 Contention of Great Britain, Germany and Italy in 
 1903 that those countries should receive payment of 
 obligations of Venezuela prior to payment of obliga¬ 
 tions owing to other Powers. Referred to Permanent 
 Court of Arbitration at The Hague under protocols of 
 agreements of May 7, 1903, between Great Britain, 
 Germany, Italy, and Venezuela to which United States 
 assented under date of May 27, 1903. Settled by 
 award of February 22, 1904, in favor of the block¬ 
 ading Powers. Arbitrators: 2 Russia, 1 Austria. 
 
 Malloy, 1872. 
 
 Orinoco Steamship Company. 
 
 Arose out of decision by umpire of the claim of this 
 company presented to the mixed commission of 1903 
 between the United States and Venezuela. Two ques¬ 
 tions were presented: First, question of reopening the 
 arbitral decision; second, claim for an amount addi- . 
 tional to the $28,000 awarded by the umpire in the 
 case before the mixed commission. Settled by award 
 dated October 25, 1910, of the Permanent Court of 
 Arbitration at The Hague, under a protocol signed 
 February 13, 1909. Decision in favor of the United 
 States on both points in that the original award was 
 opened and a new award of $90,000 rendered, which 
 included the $28,000 awarded by the mixed commis¬ 
 sion. Arbitrators: 1 Cuba, 1 Belgium. Umpire: Aus¬ 
 tria. 
 
 Malloy, 1881; MSS. Dep’t of State. 
 
 United States and Venezuela Company. 
 
 By a protocol signed August 21, 1909, certain conces¬ 
 sions held by this company were released to the Gov¬ 
 ernment of Venezuela, which agreed to pay to the 
 United States $475,000. All claims between Venezuela 
 
and the company were declared satisfied. Diplomatic 
 Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 1887. 
 
 The Orinoco Corporation. 
 
 By a protocol signed September 9, 1909, the concession 
 held by this company was released to the Government 
 of Venezuela, which agreed to pay to the United States 
 the sum of $385,000. All claims between Venezuela 
 and the company were declared satisfied. Diplomatic 
 Settlement. 
 
 Malloy, 1889. 
 
23 
 
 SUMMARY 
 
 COUNTRY 
 
 Awards or settle¬ 
 
 ments in favor of 
 United States. 
 
 Awards or settle¬ 
 
 ments against 
 United States. 
 
 Awards or settle¬ 
 
 ments favoring 
 all parties. 
 
 TOTAL 
 
 AWARDS 
 
 In favor 
 of 
 
 United States 
 
 Against 
 
 the 
 
 United States 
 
 Brazil. 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 $ 725,460.04 
 
 
 Chile. 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 1,237,693.13 
 
 $ 3,000.00 
 
 China. 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 ll,739,838.97 a 
 
 
 Colombia .... 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 618,003.66 
 
 
 Costa Rica.... 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 25,704.14 
 
 
 Denmark. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 650,000.00 
 
 
 Dominican 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Republic • • • 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 4,770,661.17 
 
 
 Ecuador. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 134,799.56 
 
 
 France . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 4,827,636.21 
 
 2,125,566.35 
 
 Germany ..... 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 121,500.00 
 
 Great Britain • • 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 8 b 
 
 28,690,694.16 
 
 11,637,501.28 
 
 Guatemala.... 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 143,750.73 
 
 
 Haiti . 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 263,450.00 
 
 
 Mexico. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 4,835,663.53 c 
 
 3,358,813.37 d 
 
 Nicaragua .... 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 8,365.94 
 
 
 Paraguay .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Peru . 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 713,046.26 
 
 82,340.00 
 
 Portugal. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 412,619.28 
 
 
 Russia .. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 114,670.00 
 
 
 Salvador. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 541,676.14 
 
 
 Siam . 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 196,713.36 
 
 
 Spain. 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 
 2,320,117.40 
 
 6,024,741.44 e 
 
 Two Sicilies •. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1,925,034.68 
 
 
 Venezuela • • • • 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4,606,083.97 
 
 300.00 
 
 
 52 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 $69,501,682.33 
 
 $23,353,762.44 
 
 Grand Total of Awards.$92,855,444.77 
 
 In favor of the United States - -$69,501,682.33=74.8 per cent. 
 Against the United States • • - -$23,353,762.44=25.2 per cent. 
 
 a. Of the total amount recovered from China, $11,000,000 repre¬ 
 sents the indemnity finally exacted by the United States on account 
 of the Boxer Insurrection of 1900. Of this sum, $2,000,000 was allot¬ 
 ted by the State Department to claimants; $2,000,000 more was re¬ 
 served by Congress to settle any additional amounts which might 
 be found due claimants through determination of damages by 
 
24 
 
 the Court of Claims; and $7,000,000 represents the combined esti¬ 
 mated cost of the insurrection to the War and Navy Departments. 
 
 b. Of the eight cases listed under this heading, two were mutual 
 pecuniary claims arbitrations in which the United States recovered 
 $11,985,734.16 and Great Britain $2,350,350.02, a recovery by the Uni¬ 
 ted States of $9,635,384.14 more than Great Britain. Thus these 
 two arbitrations might properly be classed as won by the United 
 States rather than under the heading as listed. Of the six remaining 
 arbitrations and settlements under this head, two were boundary dis¬ 
 putes, finally settled by treaty, which may be termed compromises 
 generally satisfactory to both sides; one a boundary dispute decided 
 largely against the United States; one a boundary dispute (the 
 Alaskan Boundary), which was almost entirely in favor of the 
 United States; one a question of interpretation of treaty rights 
 (North Atlantic Coast Fisheries), in which the United States won 
 five out of the seven questions submitted and, as a final result of the 
 arbitration, practically gained its contentions as to the other two 
 questions in controversy; and one is still pending. 
 
 c. Of the amount listed under this head, $710,041.33 ($1,420,082.67 
 Mexican money) represents a recovery by the United States in 
 what is known as the “Pious Fund Case.” The decision also re¬ 
 quired the Government of Mexico to pay to the United States the 
 sum of $43,050.99 (Mexican money) annually in perpetuity. In 
 computing the total amounts recovered this latter annual payment 
 has not been considered. 
 
 d. Of the total amount listed as recovered by Mexico from the 
 United States, viz: $3,358,813.37, the sum of $3,208,314.96 does not 
 really represent an award against the United States; it represents 
 the amount of indemnity demanded by citizens of the United States 
 who held claims against the Government of Mexico at the con¬ 
 clusion of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of February 2, 1848. In 
 consideration of a large tract of land ceded by Mexico under the 
 terms of the treaty, the United States assumed the payment of 
 these claims. 
 
 e. $5,000,000 of this sum was paid by the United States to its own 
 citizens under Treaty of 1819.