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 C69 Collis, John Day, 1816-1879 • 
 
 Praxis iambica; a series of dlementary and pro- 
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 ' BY fiPPLIED IMRGE. INC. 
 
StM*""»rA- '% 
 
 NEW WORK FOR UPPER AND MIDDLE-CLASS SCHOOLS 
 By E. T. STEVENS, A.K.C., London. 
 
 AND 
 
 CHARLES HOLE, F.E.G.S. 
 
 Editon of * The Grade Lesson Books,' ' The Advanced Lesson Books' c^c. 
 
 It has been sii^sfested by numerous teadiors of upp^r anil iniadle-class sclicf 
 that tlie carefully graduated system of teachiiiif to read and si»ell adopte 
 the ' Grade Lesson Hooks,' and highly approved by the teachers of element, 
 schools under Government inspection, would tind equal favour amo. 
 teachers of schools of a hiph.r class, as the principles of education are X\\ 
 same for the ricli as for the poor. 
 
 Certain features of the 'Grade Lesson Books,' however (as, for instance), the 
 writinsr and arithmetical exercises, which make them peculiarly useful in 
 elementary schools for the poor, render them at the same tune unsuiteil to 
 others. In accordance with these suiftjestions, the Kditors have resolved to 
 publish a new series of reading and spelling books especially designed lor 
 upper and middle-class schools, to be called 
 
 THE COMPLETE READER, 
 
 In Four Boo1<p : Being a (anfull}- gratluatcd Syetem of teaching to 
 Read and Spell bv means of Attractive and Instructive Ljssons, deiig;ied 
 for Upper and 'Middle-Class Schools. By E. T. Stetens, A.K.C. 
 London. Head Master, Cathedral School, Bristol, and Charles Hole, 
 F.R.G.S. Head Master, Loughborough Collegiate School, Brixton ; late 
 Head Master S. Thomas's Collegiate School, Colombo, Ceylon ; Editors 
 of • The Grade Leeson Books.' 
 
 Book I.— The Primary Reader ; a Course of Progressive Reading 
 and Spelling Lessons in Monosyllables and Dissyllables (Prose 
 and Poetry). 
 
 Book IT.— The Intermediate Reader ; a Course of Progressive 
 Reading and Spelling Lessons (Prose and Poetry). 
 
 Book III.— The Exemplar of Style ; a Course of Reading Lessons, 
 with Delinitions, &c. consisting of careful Selections from the 
 Enjilish Classics and Current Literal .re (Prose and Poetry). 
 
 Book IV.— The Senior-Class Reader ; a Course of Lessons, with 
 Definitions, kc. in History, Geograpliy, Literature (Prose and 
 Poetry), and Science, selected fi-om the Works of the most 
 Eminent Writers. 
 
 The Primary Reader and the Intermediate Reader have been pro- 
 duced to enable the pupil, by systematic and careful gradation, to read 
 with ease, fluency, and expression ; and to acquire from the first a habit 
 of correct Spelling. 
 
 The Exemplar of Style, while attending to these points, is designed 
 for the cultivation of the pupil's lierary taste. 
 
 The Senior-Class Reader is intended to continue this training, pre- 
 senting, at the same time, more soUd and direct instruction in various 
 important branches of knowledge. 
 
 London : LONGMANS, GREEN, and CO. Paternoster Row. 
 3 
 
PRAXIS lAMBICA, 
 

 Il' 
 
 PH^XIS XAMBICA 
 
 c^. *Jr 
 
 A , SERIES 
 
 OF 
 
 y ELEMENTARY AND PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES 
 
 IS 
 
 GREEK TRAGIC SENARII 
 
 BY 
 
 THE REV. JOHN DAY COLLIS, D.I). 
 
 LATE FELLOW OF WORCESTEU COLLHOE, OXFORD : 
 
 HOXOR.\RV CANON OF WORCESTKR : 
 
 HE.VD M.\STU.K OF TUR GRAMMAR-SCHOOL OF KI.NO KDWaRD TMB 
 
 SI.MH, BRUMSOKOVK 
 
 FOURTH EDITION" 
 
 LONDOX 
 LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBERTS, & GREEN 
 
 1864 
 
LOXDOX 
 
 rUtXTED HT srOTTISWOOnS ASD CO. 
 
 SEW-STllKKT SQI-AIIE 
 
 
 o 
 
 !• E E F A C E. 
 
 I 
 
 This Introduction to the writing of Greek Iambics 
 differs in one or two points from similar works:— 
 
 1. The materials are drawn exclusively from ancient 
 sources, so that none but purely classical Greek is em- 
 ployed in any part of the work. 
 
 2. Instead of beginning with entire verses, the exer- 
 cises commence at first with single feet ; then are given 
 commencements of lines, then endings of various length 
 and structure. The pupil is thus gradually led on to 
 complete lines, and longer passages ; and in the final 
 
 ^n exercises, the Greek words are not given in the Index, 
 '^ unless they had occurred in previous exercises. 
 
 3. The materials are anticlepticalhj arranged, so that 
 verses or sets of verses cannot be pilfered without 
 trouble from the " Poetae Scenici," or the Greek Gradus. 
 
 - , J^o two consecutive passages are taken from the same 
 
 I play; generally they are from different authors; and 
 
 7" occasionally some slight change of number, tenso, case, and 
 
 person, or of proper name, is made, in order to enforce 
 
 vr upon the pupil the necessity of translating the English 
 
 into Greek for himself, even if he should accidentally 
 
 llirht Ui)on the line from which the example is taken. 
 
 4. An Eno-lish Greek Index of all the words in the 
 
VI 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Exercises from XII. to LXXXV. is added; and in it are 
 f^iven most of the irrefjular forms that will be need( d 
 for coniposin2^ the vers?es ; so that the only book that 
 will be required to work this Praxis lambica is a good 
 Greek Grammar. By prohibiting tlie use of the larger 
 Lexicons and the Greek Gradus, and by occasionally 
 varying the order in which the Exercises are to be done, 
 the teacher may almost wholly prevent any dithcmest 
 
 copying. 
 
 The Ilult'S are taken from very obvious sources. 
 Should more detailed information be required, a list of 
 authorities to be consulted will be found at page 10. 
 
 A few Exercises in Trochaic Tetrameters, and Di- 
 meter Anapaistics, are given at the end of ihe Iand)ics. 
 
 It is ho[)ed that the use of this book will facilitate the 
 acquirement of Greek Iambic rhythm and style, and 
 perhaps enable boys to commence the composition of 
 such verses rather earlier than is usually the case. Any 
 one who fairly works through these exercises will be 
 capable of commencing without difficulty Dr. Kennedy's 
 " Palipstra Musarum," or Mr. Ilolden's '' Foliorum Sil- 
 
 vula." 
 
 J. D. COLLIS. 
 
 Grammar School of Kin;; Edward the Siitth, 
 Urorasgrove, April, 1357 
 
 I, 
 
 > 
 
 if ^ 
 
 NUMERICAL AND LITERAL REFERENCES. 
 
 The Tenses of Greek Verbs are referred to as follows :— 
 
 Active Voice, 
 
 1. Present. 
 
 2. Imperfect. 
 
 3. Future. 
 
 4. First Aorist. 
 
 5. Perfect. 
 
 6. Pluperfect. 
 
 7. Second Aorist. 
 
 Middle Voice, 
 
 8. Present. 
 
 9. Imperfect 
 
 10. Future. 
 
 11. First Aorist 
 
 12. Perfect 
 
 13. Pluperfect. 
 
 14. Second Aorist 
 
 15. Present. 
 
 16. Imperfect. 
 
 17. Perfect 
 
 Pass^ive Voice. 
 
 18. Pluperfect 21. First Future. 
 
 19. Paulo-post Future. 22. Second Aorist. 
 
 20. First Aorist. 23. Second Future. 
 
 The Moods are referred to as follows : — 
 
 a. Indicative. 
 B. Imperative. 
 
 €. Infinitive. 
 v. Participle. 
 
 y. Subjunctive. 
 5. Optative. 
 
 The Numbers, Cases, and Genders, by their initial letter. 
 
 Two or more words in English, united by a hyphen, are to be tran8- 
 lated by one Greek word. 
 
 In case of doubt, an Italic initial will point out the word under 
 which the Greek will be found in the Index. 
 
 English words in brackets are to be omitted in the Greek. 
 
 An apostrophe at the end of an English word, means that the word ii 
 to be elided in the Greek. 
 
'.1 
 
 » 1 • 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 RULES. 
 
 1. Trimeter Iambics, 
 
 The Iambic verse of Tragedy consists of six feet, or tliree 
 metres ; hence it is called Iambic Trimeter Acatalectic * (i. e. 
 consisting of three entire metres), or Senarius. Horace 
 accordingly talks o^ pede ter percusso, to express the three 
 metres, and cum senos redderet ictus, when he was thinking 
 of the six feet. 
 
 2. Admissible Feet 
 
 This verse may have in every place an Iamb, or, as 
 equivalent, a Tribrach in every place but the last. In the 
 odd places, 1st, 3rd, and 5th, it may have a Spondf^e, or. as 
 an equivalent, in the 1st and 3rd a Dactyl; in the 1st only 
 is> an Anapa3st admissible. 
 
 Catalectic (KaraK-nyo}) means one syllable short of the proper com- 
 plement ; acatalectic, that the verse is complete ; brachycatalectic, tliat 
 there are two syllables wanting ; hypercatalectic, that there is one syl- 
 lable more than the proper complement. 
 
 B 
 
PRAXIS lAMDICA. 
 
 '/ . ^''- ^>r\ic of Fee K 
 The followiiif^ is r '=vnor'^is oftlu^ fVct allowed:- 
 
 3. 1 t. 
 
 \/ \^ \j 
 
 — ^ ^ 
 
 w v^ 
 
 vy v^ \^ 
 
 \^ w v-* 
 
 •V vy 
 
 v./ ^ w 
 
 _/ w v^ 
 
 6. 
 
 />. c. (f. 
 
 4. Exftm-phs. 
 
 The following versos, the first nine of which are from the 
 (Edipus Kcx of Sophocles, present the several varieties :— 
 
 a. - - All pure lunibrs. 
 
 ^- ^{' 1 Trihrachs in the 1st, 2ntl, Srd, 4th and oth places. 
 ^' J' J 
 (J. - - Spondees in the 1st, 3rd, and oth. 
 
 h. i. - - Dactyls in 1st and 3rd. . 
 
 j. - - AnapoBSt in the Ist. 
 
 h. /. - - With one or two Tribachs after a Dactyl. 
 
 These two last are to be sparingly imitated. 
 
 n. 8. o -TTuaL kXeu'vc; Olcirrovc KuXoi'i-iEyor. 
 
 }). 112. TTorefja c kv v\koiq T/ V* ay pule u Auiog, 
 
 c. 26, (l}OnovfTa c uytXiur /3oi/io/iO(c, TOKOiai re. 
 
 d. 56S. TTu'c «S»' ^oO' ooroc o (To<;>6r out: Tjvca race. 
 
 * This alisorption of a short vowel at the beginning of a word, after 
 a long vowel or diphthong at the end of the preceding, is called p/We- 
 llsion; it is very frequent with the augment, as iyu "t^kov ndpiv,= 
 t'fKov fii] >f/\7?v = ci(p€\r)s. In such cases the coronis, and, where 
 necessary, the accent also, are left to represent the absorbed vowel. In 
 words compounded with irph a coronis is placed over the contracted 
 fvllable, PS TTpovdwKeu^TTf^o-idocKiv, irpohrrot/ irpoomov. 
 
 I 
 
 
 RULES OF TRIMETER IAMBICS. 
 
 e. 826. fii]rpug i^vyijyai, kuI Trarepa KaTaKravelv. 
 /. 1496. ri yap Kai^uiv UTreari ; rov Tzaripa Trarijp, 
 g, 30. ''Ata]Q (TT£ I' ay j.io~iQ Kn\ yooig TrXovTi^Erau 
 n. 270. fjiijr lipoToi' aiiro'ig yfjy aviiiai TLi'd. 
 t. 25 i. ai'Cpug y' upinrov l^aaiXiwc t oXwXorog. 
 18. ttjoi/c * iyii) ^ilv 'Aiiroc ' o'lCE t i]diwv, 
 
 KTavElv i/(.^-^.M' -r,i~nHi rur Ifdui', b ^£ ^avtjy. 
 
 J' 
 k. 
 
 I 
 
 5. Last Si/U(tf)Jc Common. — Hiatus. 
 
 The last syllable in each verse appears to be indifferently 
 short or long ; and even where any line ends with a short 
 vowel, a vowel is often found at the beginning of the next ; 
 as, CEd. R. 2. 3. : 
 
 Tivaq Trod' 'icpag raaCE juoi ^odi^Eve 
 iKTrjpiotr KXacoiariy eIe(jte}.ijxevol ; 
 
 See also lines 6. and 7., 7. and 8. of the same play 
 
 6. Final Elision, 
 
 Sometimes, however, one verse with its final vowel elided 
 passes by scansion into the next; as, CFA. Col. 1164, 5. : 
 
 ao\ (paaiv avTov eq Xoyovg eXOeIv ^oXovt 
 alTElv, ciirEXdElv r* oo-0aXj>c rijaCE CEvp' v^ov. 
 
 This case is thus restricted by Porson, ad Med., 510. : 
 Vocalis in Jine versus elidi non potest, nisi sijllaba longa 
 prcBcedat. 
 
 7. Initial Anapcest. 
 
 The initial Anapaest must not form parts of two words ; it 
 must all be included in the same word; as, (Ed. R. 27.: 
 
 ayovoig yvyaiKioy • iv K 6 7rvp<p6pog ^eog. 
 
 B2 
 
4 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Except where tlie line begins with an article, or with a 
 preposition followed immediately by its case, these forming 
 virtually but one word ; :l^^. 
 
 I'hil. 79o. roy'iaor y^uuivr ri)i<poiTt ri'iice Ttji' roaov. 
 
 Orest. 898. iTz\-Tujit c ir/onive Zioiu'ihjc a>«i. 
 
 Iph. A. 646. Trap' tfioi ytrou ivy, fAti '"» (lifwiricag Tpiirov. 
 
 8. Anapccst of Proper Names, 
 
 In Proper Nanus, which could not else be introduced, the 
 Anapjcst is admitted also into the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and oth 
 places, i. e. all but the last, which never has any other foot 
 tlian an Iamb, provided that the whole Anapiest be contained 
 in the same word ; as, 
 
 Iph. A. 416. v/^ 'lipiyiviiav unvjjal^tg ir c6f.ioic. 
 
 CEd. Col. 1317. rtV.proi/ 'iTnrofdcovr airiariiXtv Trart'ip. 
 
 CEd. Tyr. 285. fiaXiffru 4>o<73w Tttpfat'ur, Trap' ov Tig in: 
 
 Antif'. ll. tuol ^liv o'vciig ^vOvcy 'AjTtyor//, (piXuti: 
 
 This license is <;xtendcd al-o in a few instances to such 
 words as MntXaoc, llma/^oi;, 8cc., wliich might easily, by a 
 different position, come into th.^ verse like other words simi- 
 larly constituted ; as, 
 
 Iph. A. 621. Kui TTu'iCa rorcf, roy ' Ay a fit fjovog yurov. 
 
 Phil. 794. WyufitfiVd'y w MtriXat, Kwg ay ayT sfiov, 
 
 9 Ccesura. 
 
 The chief Ccesura in the Trimeter takes place either after 
 two and a half, or three and a half feet ; as, 
 
 CE<1. Tyr. 2. Tirag ttoO' 'ilpag \ raace f-ioi ^oa!^ere ; 
 Hecuba, 1. /yVw yetCfiiLy KtvOfiutyu | icai okotov irvXag. 
 
 The former is called the penthemimeral, the latter the 
 hephthemimeral, coesura, from their occurring respectively at 
 the fifth and seventh half-feet (niyre and t-ra, ///ii-^fpot). 
 
 'M 
 
 V 
 
 '' 
 
 RULES OF TRIMETER IAMBICS. 5 
 
 Porson enumerates four species of the former, A„ and 
 eight of the latter, B. 
 
 A. 1. After a short syllable. 
 
 2. After a short syllable and elision. 
 
 3. After a long syllable. 
 
 4. After a long syllable and elision. 
 
 B. ]. After a dissyllable or hyperdissyllable, without elision. 
 
 ^- >» 5> with elision. 
 
 3. When the short syllable is an enclitic, 
 
 4. Or a word which cannot begin a sentence, 
 
 5. Or which can do so, but is closely joined in sense to 
 
 the preceding word. 
 
 6. After a short syllable with elision. 
 
 7. When the sense is suspended after the third foot, and 
 
 after the stop follows either a monosyllable without 
 elision or, 
 
 8. With elision. 
 
 Examples. 
 
 A, 1. Ilec. 
 2. 
 3, 
 4. 
 
 2?. 1. 
 
 2. 
 3. 
 4. 
 
 5. Kiylvvog taye \ lopi Treaeiv 'EXXr/i/tvo;. 
 11. Tcariip, i'»'' ft T^OT \ ^iXiov tel^y) Triaoi. 
 
 2. XtTrwr, 'iy "Auj)g | xwp\g wKLarai ^ewy, 
 52. Kal TEv^ETCu Touo\ | 01*^' aCwprjTog (plXtuy, 
 
 1. ?ykw rEKpo)y KEvdfjiibya | Kai okotov TrvXag. 
 248. TToXXojy Xoywj^ Evpi]}ia 0' | wgte pij ^avEly, 
 266. KEiyr] yap wXegev yiy | tig Tpoiay r dyti. 
 319. TVfxfloy CE fiovXoiprjy ay \ a^iovptyoy, 
 
 5. Soph. El. 530. ETTEi nariip aiirog (rog | ay ^pTjytlg ati. 
 
 6. Phil. 1304. aX\' ovr^ tfioi KuXoy roh^ j Early, ovre aoi. 
 
 7. o. C. Th. 1055. dXX' ov ituXig ffrvytly trv | TifjD'iatig 
 
 ra<^w ; 
 
 8. Soph. El. 1038. oray yap ev (ppoy^g rod^ | yyt'iaei (rv 
 
 Vfy, 
 
 B 3 
 
6 PRAXIS I AM Die A. 
 
 10. Minor Pauses. 
 
 Two minor divisions iVoquently occur at the end of the 
 first foot and a half, and before the last foot and a half of 
 the verse ; as, 
 
 CEd. Tyr. 120. to ttoToj'; | tv yap ttoW' av tUvpoi ^adeiv, 
 121. «px'/*' />fJ"X^'"*'» ^^ \ai3(niiev \ IXkiIoc. 
 
 11. Examples. 
 
 The foUowinsc Hnes will serve to exhibit all the divisions 
 connected witli tiie structure of the verse: — 
 CEd. Tyr. 81. (norFiDi \ pair] \ Xaj^i-ziwr | utairep \ v^fiUTi. 
 lOO-J. f/ 7ra7^i I ijjvyai | Zrjii \ tzkttuv \ liyyeXov. 
 
 They also point out the essentially trochaic rhythm of the 
 senarius. 
 
 12. Qtiasi'Cccsura. 
 
 Wlien the line is divided in medio versii, with the elision 
 of a short vowel in the same word, or in the little words 
 added to it, such as C£, /(f, crt, ye, -f, that division is called 
 by Porson the (juatti-drsi/ra ; us, 
 
 Q^d. Tyr. 779. ariip yap tl iii^rtoic ,u \ vTrepTrXrjfrOelg fiidqc. 
 
 Hecuba, ooo, yviaii,t -upOiron: r \ avro/SXtTrroc ^ira. 
 
 Ajax, 43o. Tii. TTpwra KaWitTTEL I apiartvaac arparvv. 
 
 Hecuba, 387. KEiTure, /<•/ (jjiihaO^ \ eyw "retcoy ilapiy. 
 
 1 3 . U/i r/r/f/t m ical Lines. 
 
 A few instances, liowever, are found of the line divided in 
 medio versu without any elision ; as, 
 
 Ajax, 1091. MertXof, fit) yj w/ucc | vtto(tti} (Tag aocpuQ. 
 
 Persa?, o2o. 0/>//K»/r Trfpao-cnrtc | fJ-oyiQ ttoW^ Trory. 
 
 47o. 7r£;w TTupayyeiXaQ \ ai^ap arpaTEVfiaTL* 
 
 o09. ci^tIjoc, ujpf^u'jOi] 1 aeaiofTfiiyoQ Kvpel. 
 
 Prom. V. 658. oIk olc^ vttwc vf-ur \ aTTKTTfjjai fit \pii. 
 
 ■ \ 
 
 RULES OF TRIMETER IAMBICS. 
 
 Prom. V. 6. u^afiayriyojy Cefffiivy \ tv app^KTOiQ Tricaic. 
 Agam. 943. iridov • KparoQ fiivTOi \ Tvapec: y Ikiov efioi. 
 Suppl. 947. ohr h' rrvxatC (MfiXioy \ Karfff^paytc/itVa. 
 Phih 1369. ta kukCoq uvtovq \ aitoXXvffOai KaKOVQ. 
 These lines are very unrhythmical, and are not to be imi- 
 tated, at all events in a short exorcise. 
 
 14. Impossible Line, 
 
 Such a line as the following artificial verse, preserved by 
 Athena^us, where each metre is separate, is inadmissible in 
 tragedy : 
 
 (T£ Toy l^oXoic I yiipoKTuTroiQ I dvax^ifiepoy. 
 
 Remember : The tiiird and fourth feet are never united in 
 one word by the tragedians. 
 
 15. The Pause, or Cretic Termination. 
 
 If the slightest pause or break in the sense cause the word 
 or words which give to the verse a Cretic ending ( ' "^ ' ) to 
 be separately uttered, then the fifth foot must be either an 
 Iamb or a tribach, but 7iot a spondee ; in other words, a 
 final cretic must be preceded by a short syllable, thus, 
 -|--- ||,notthus,-|-^-ll. 
 
 Hec. 343. KpurrToyTU X^'P" ^^^'- T^poffitJirov | tfnraXiv, 
 Ion. 11. "ArXac o ywTOit: x«^'-'£Oto't»' | ovpavoy. 
 
 These lines, in the old editions before Person's, stood 
 thus : 
 
 KpuTrroi'-a X^'P^ ^^'^ Trpoffcjiroy j TovfiTraXtv. 
 "ArXae o x^iXkIoktl yivTOic j ohpayoy. 
 
 As the article and preposition virtually form one word 
 with their case, such lines as the following must not have a 
 spondee in the fifth place : 
 
 Hec. 382. kqXCjq ^lev Hirac, ^vyaTEp, aXXa | T(Z-KaX(D, 
 379. hwoc x^^paKrijp, KaTriarjfioi- \ tv-flpOTolQ. 
 
 b4 
 
8 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 16. Quasi- Cretic Termination, 
 
 Many semblances of the Cretic termination occur, to 
 which this canon bears no application. Those admitting 
 the spondee in the fifth place amy be conveniently classed 
 under the following heads : — 
 
 (a.) Where a monosyllable word before the final iambus 
 belongs by collocation to the preceding word, and so leaves 
 a dissyllabic, not a cretic, ending ; as in enclitics. 
 
 Ilec. o05. ffTtvciofiei" tyK()yu)f.i£v' !r/ou-fioi, \ yipov. 
 
 Pr. V. 669. ri TTcipderevEi Cupur, HuvaoL \ yuiiov. 
 
 Agam. 1019. tVw (^pivibv Xiyovrra Teidio-yii' \ \6yo). 
 
 Rhes. 715. /3tov o' uTTUiTwy elpTr' ayu/jrr/c-rtc | Xarptg, 
 
 Phil. 801. tinrpr)(Tov, w ytrvait' Kayui-TOt \ ttotL 
 
 (6.) Or in such words, not enclitic, as cannot begin a sen- 
 tence or a verse ; as, 
 
 Prom. V. 107. oiov ri ^oi rucrc inn ' cyrirolq-yap \ ytpn, 
 Trach. 846. Xiy ' tl U ttui't i'ipi)<ac, ti^lr-au \ x"f^i»'. 
 
 7i8. TTwc ok- oXtl Kat Toi'Ce ; colii-yovy \ ifiy. 
 CEd. Tyr. 142. a\/Vu>f TaxL<7Ta,Traiceg, v^tlg-^h \ imOpMv. 
 Soph. El. 413. £1 /uoi XiyniQ riif o\piyy t'tTrot/^'-ci*' | toti. 
 
 In the numerous instances of ur thus placed, it is always 
 subjoined to its verb, and that with an elision, as in the line 
 quoted. 
 
 (c.) Where words like ohceig and fxrihig occur, which ought 
 in Attic orthography to be written thus, ov3' elc, /^^^' 
 
 i'lg ; as, 
 
 Phcen. 7o9. ufj^porepoy' uiroXeKpOey yap oi/3' | ly-^arepoy. 
 Ale. 687. Tiv c* iyyvQ iXdrj -^araroc, ovl^ | etQ-l^ovXerai. 
 
 These lines are virtually tetrasyllabic in their reading. 
 (d.) In Sophocles some lines occur, where the difficulty 
 
 i 
 
 RULES OF TRIMETER IAMBICS. 9 
 
 may be got rid of by reading //^uj/ and hfilvy instead of iinly 
 and v/juv ; as, 
 
 iilectr. 1328. Tj yovg tyeany avrig vfjily | tyytvj'ig ; 
 CEd. Col. 25. irdg yap rig r)vCa tovtu y iji^uy \ ifnropojy. 
 
 (e.) The following verses, where the syllable before tlie 
 cretic is long by position, may be read as ending in words of 
 five syllables, or else treated as clear exceptions to the rule 
 of the pause : 
 
 Hec. 717. Ij/iidg fxey ovk Ewfiey, ovci-xpavo/jty, 
 Andr. 347. (pevyei to ravri^g (Tu)(()p()v - aXXa-\p£V(TETai. 
 Iph. A. 531. KCifi^ wg vTriarrjy ^vfia, K^Ta-xpav^ofiai. 
 Bacch. 1284. Jficoyfjilyoy ye TTporrdEy ij ae-yyiopiffai, 
 Electr. 850. rXij^uiy ^Opiarrjg • (iXXa /i// ^e-Kreiyere. 
 
 (/) The following are really dissyllabic endings : 
 CEd. Tyr. 435. yfie'ig roioih' tipviiei', iLg ^iy aoi \ Ioke'i. 
 (or thus) ii^e7g roiolB' tipv^ey, wg (toi fih \ IokeI, 
 Ion. 808. UaiToiya, irpocedofAeaOa ' trvr yap aoi \ yoau!. 
 
 Eur. El. 275. ijpov t6^' ; otVxpoV y eJirag ' oh yap 
 
 yvy I aK/Ji). 
 CEd. Col. 265, oyofia fioyoy ^tiaayreg ' ov yap h) \ to ye. 
 Electr. 432. rvyug^ Trpoaaxpyg firjliy • ov yap aoi \ ^ifjiig. 
 
 {g.) The following are virtually polysyllabic : 
 CEd. Tyr. 1157. thi^K\ SXeadai d' tltcjiEXoy \ r>]^'-;,^e>ct. 
 351. wTTcp TTpoe'nrag Ififiueiy, \ tcatp^-hfiepar. 
 44. wg To'iffiy Efi7reipoi(Ti kai \ rac-^vfjcpopug. 
 Ajax, 1101. e^ear aycKTrreiy, wy 6'^' iiyeiT-o'iKodey. 
 
 CEd. Tyr. 318. tllwg CiMXea • ov yap av cevp^-iKo/jrjy, 
 
 There are many lines like tlie last two, where an elision 
 unites the two last words very closely together into (vir- 
 tually) one polysyllabic word. 
 
 With regard to the cretic termination, then, remember : 
 1. That the cretic, when clearly se{)arable from tiie rest 
 of the verse, must have a short syllable before it ; and, 
 
 B 5 
 
10 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 11 
 
 2. That many apparently crctic ttrminations are really 
 dissyllabic or polysyllabic. 
 
 RULES FOR THE TRAGIC TROCHAIC. 
 
 In tlie above Rules (wliidi are sntficieiuly full for all 
 practical purposes), the coniinon usage of the tragedians is 
 followed. Exceptional cases may occur not included in the 
 Rules, as S. c. Theb. o47. riapfifroTroToc 'Af)Kac, 6 le Toiotrh* 
 i\vi)f)^ and 488. 'IrrTro/L/tCor-or f^\Hli-^f- '^"'t fjiiyaQ tvttoc, where 
 the lin«'S, as printed, begin with a trochee, but must be scan- 
 ned with a spondee, the liquids fx and y being virtually 
 doubled, as in Homer. Tliese and other licenses, however, 
 occur too seldom to be used as modeU in trajislation and 
 composition. 
 
 For further information, the Pupil may consult Porson's 
 Preface to the Hecuba of Euripides, Dr. Kennedy's *' Greek 
 Verses of Shrewsbury School," Dr. Humphrey's ''Exercita- 
 tiones lambicne," the Treatise on Metres at the end of " The 
 Theatre of the Greeks," 6th ed., and Linwood's '* Treatise 
 on Greek Tragic Metres " 
 
 I 
 
 17. Tetrameter CataJectic. 
 
 This consists of the ordinary Iambic Trimeter, with a 
 cretic (" ^ "), or syllables equivalent to a cretic (^ ^ ^ ', 
 ---- or wwv-vs.>^ prefixed ; accordingly, if these be first 
 cut off from the beginning of the verse, the rules for the ad- 
 missible feet, the position of the caisura, the cretic ending, 
 &c., remain as above. 
 
 Examples. 
 
 Pers. 753. ravra. tol \ KaKoiQ ufiiXCjv avCpcKTiv hcuff- 
 
 Ktrai. 
 ^54. ^ovpLog I Atp^yjQ * Xiyovdi 3' u>c (^^ f^^v 
 
 Pers. 756. TrXouroy eK|r/;o-w ^ify uixf^lh ^^^ ^' dvav 
 
 cptag VTTO 
 757. evhoy atx|/ua^£0', Trarpowv o' oX^ov ovlh 
 
 uv^areii\ 
 CEd. Tyr. 1528. w^re Byij\Tuy ovt eKeivrjy t})v TeXevraiav 
 
 Iceiy 
 
 1529. iifiipav I iTVKJKOTvovvTa fjLTjdey o/\/3/^£tv, Trpiy 
 
 * 
 ay 
 
 Ion. 
 
 J 530. ripjJLa rov \ jjiov •KEpdarj f-irfiey aXyeiyov 
 Tradijjy. 
 
 533. o ce Xoyog \ tiq edrl ^o'.Sov ; rov cvrav 
 
 Tijcrayra fxoi, 
 
 534. riya (Tvyay\Tr)(Tiy ; to/nwr rC^'yC^ e^torri 
 
 Tov Beov, 
 540. *ea' Th'oc \ ti (TOL TricpvKe i^ir^rpag ', oi/k" t'xw 
 
 ♦ Here ca is pronounced as one long syllable ; this is called pyn- 
 izesis. See Rule 31. 
 
 b6 
 
 k 
 
^aMHltedltoi«iW 
 
 12 
 
 PRAXIS IAMBIC A. 
 
 Bacch. 629. »:^6^' <> Booyutjoc, Cjq tfioiye (f/aiyerai, lo^ar 
 
 Xeyoj. 
 
 18. 
 
 The dactyl of a proper name is admissible in the 1st, 2nd, 
 3rd, 5th, and 6th places ; as, 
 
 Iph. A. 882. £(c tip* ^l\(pi'yeyeiay EAtrr/c votrrog i)v TTETrpw 
 
 fjiiyof;. 
 1331. TTuyreg "EAJXr/reg, (TTfrnTog C£ Mup^i^oi'wv vt 
 
 (Toi Trap //J' ; 
 Orest. 1549. i,yyyoy6y \ r t^iiy^ Ylv\atr]v te tov Tact ivy- 
 
 cpiDvra ^loi, 
 
 19. 
 
 A spondee or anapaest in the 6th place never precedes a 
 tribrach in the 7th. 
 
 20. 
 
 It* the first dipodia of the verse is contained in entire 
 words {and so as to he foUnwed at least hy a slight break in 
 the sense\ the second foot is u trochee, or may be a tribrach ; 
 as, 
 
 Phcen. 636. tl/c an^or^ o<\r/<a TuT^^wr, tltXavyofxaL ^^f^oiorj. 
 Orest. 788. f^itirifw^ ci fujc noif-HTrnifi-ia' itoXifiia yap r)y. 
 Bacch, 629. K<iO' o Wfx'i^noc, o>c t/jotyt (^mrtruif Co^ay Xiyio. 
 
 For fuller explanation of the rhytnni of the Trimeter 
 Trochaic, see "Theatre of the Greeks," [). 534. 535., 6th ed. 
 
 13 
 
 RULES OF ANAP^STICS. 
 
 21. 
 
 TuE Anapaestic Dimeter admits anapaests, spondees, or dac- 
 tyls ; provided only that an anapaest does not follow a 
 dactyl : this is in order to prevent the occurrence of too 
 many short syllables.* 
 
 22 
 
 The lines run on in a continuous stanza, called a o-uoTT/jua. 
 which consists of, 
 
 a. one or more dimeters ; 
 h. occasionullv a nionometer 
 
 culled the " basis ana[)aistica," because all the rules that ap- 
 ply to it apply equally to all the anapaestic metres, which are 
 simply a repetition of the base ; 
 
 c. a dimeter catalectic verse, 
 
 called paroemiac, in which an anapaest always precedes 
 the catalectic syllable ; this marks the end of the system. 
 
 23. 
 
 The first dipodia usually ends with a word ; a few in- 
 stances, however, occur in which the first dipodia overflows 
 
 * The occurrence of a dactyl at the end of a dipodia before an ana- 
 psest at the beginning of another is so rare that it had best be avoided 
 in composition ; within the same dipodia it never takes place. As au 
 example of the rare occurrence mentioned above, see 
 
 Eur. El. 1320, 1. ^v-yyove (p'XraTe- 
 
 8m "yap ^evyvva^ rifius trarplwv, 
 1317. ^dpan' UaXKaZos | baiav ^f^as 
 Tr6\iv • aAA' av4xov. 
 Hec. 144. r^ 'AyayLiixvovos [ iK^ns yovdrwv. 
 
m^ummmmmm 
 
 14 
 
 PRAXIS IAMBIC A. 
 
 into the second, especially where the anapoestic movement is 
 continued throughout ; as, 
 
 Af^am. 52. izTE{wyu)v tpETfioi\(ny ipefftroneioi* 
 794. Kal ^vyxaipov\(Tiv ofjoiOKptTrtlg 
 
 The following are a very rare, perhaps singular, in- 
 stances : 
 
 Prom. V. 172. icai fx ovre neXiylXwcffou: -fiOovQ. 
 1376. Tig i<pt(TTr)K!' h'\ctE,i(t TrXtvpolc ; 
 
 In the following the continuity of dactylic feet before and 
 after 'I<piyeyeiay renders the union of the two dipodiae less 
 noticeable : 
 
 Agam. loo7. Tijy iro\v,\ahTfjy 
 
 ^i(piyiy£iay a» |a£ta Cpaacic, 
 at,ia Tra(T\wVf k, t, X, 
 
 24. 
 
 The (TvycKbeiOy {(TvytnrTU)) synaphcFci of the Anapaestic 
 systems means their continuous scansion; i. e. scansion con- 
 tinued with strict exactness from the first syllable to the 
 very last, but not including the last syllable itself, as that 
 syllable, and that only in the whole system, may be long or 
 short indifferently. 
 
 Compare Prom. 199. 200.: 
 
 (AQ apd^ov If-ioi <^at (l>iXuTTjTa 
 CTrevCdjy OKtvloyTL ttoO^ »/s£t. 
 
 The last syllable of v. 199. becomes long, from the short 
 vowel a being united with the consonants (ttt at the begin- 
 ning of the next. Had a single consonant, or any pair of 
 consonants like tcp, ttX, &c. followed in v. 200., the last syl- 
 lable of V. 199. would have been short, in violation of the 
 metre. 
 
 RULES OF ANAP^ESTICS. 
 
 15 
 
 Again, Med. 161, 2.: 
 
 w fieyaXei Oifii kul Trori't ApTEfiif 
 Xevaaed' a 7racr\ii), .... 
 
 If after v. 161., ending with a short vowel, any vowel 
 whatever had followed in v. 162., that would have violated 
 the law of hiatus observed in these verses. And if a double 
 consonant, or any pair of consonants like kt, ctt, hjjiy jiv, yX, 
 &c. had followed in v. 162., "Apre^i, necessarily combined by 
 the synaphoea with these consonants, would have formed a 
 cretic. 
 
 In this species of verse only one kind of hiatus is allowed, 
 viz. in the case of a final diphthong, or a long vowel so placed 
 as to form a short syllable on the principle so frequently 
 applied in Homeric scansion ; a^, 
 
 Persae, 39. f:ai fXtto^drai vuHjv tphau 
 
 54S. TrodiovaaL Icaly ctprii^vyiQ.y, 
 
 60. 6'i)(^ETai dvlpujy. 
 
 Hec. 123. rw G/ycf/^a d\ o^w ^Adrivwy. 
 
 26, 
 
 The rule that the dipodia ordinarily shall end at the end 
 of a word, is not observed in the paroemiac ; as, 
 
 Prom. V. 146. (jipovpay ai^rjXoy oyjiffu), 
 
 164. £-)(Opoic tTTiyapTa TrEiroyOa, 
 
 1106. rFjfTc\ //'jTiJ'' uTTETTTvaa fjLaXXnv. 
 
 305. (jjiXoQ ear) fye^aLorepoQ (TOi. 
 
 Med. 1085. oiV- air6yov(Toy to yvycuKuty, 
 
 27. 
 
 The following Anapa3>tic system comprises all its usual 
 parts : — 
 
16 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Med. 757. &C. a. AWci a 6 Maiag TOfiTraioQ ava^ 
 
 C. it)V T iTriyoLuv (nrevCEig /cart'^^wv, 
 
 d. "Trpaltincj cVft yeyyaiog avi]py 
 
 e. AiytVj Trap ejioi iecuKrfaai. 
 
 a, c. d. Dimeters. b. Base. e, Paroeraiac* 
 
 Scan the following, naming the lines, 
 
 ay£r , (u TraTcfC, r>/f ypavv irpo Cofnoi', 
 ayer opBovorat vvv i^uCovXoVy 
 TjO^acec vfxlv, TrpoffOe c avaffaav' 
 yepaidg ■)(^Eipdg -rrpoffXai^vfievai' 
 jfuytu (TKoXi^ aiaTTOjyi X^poQ 
 ^lepeiCofieya^ (XTrtvaw j^paovirouy 
 
 riXvffiy upOpioy Trporidtlaa. 
 fj-rfdi Tig intr) Trupa ilepareipoy^ 
 OTavTU (i)Oij.ie.yii)yf wg u^apiaToi 
 Aavaoi Aai'ttotc, rote ol^o^iyot^ 
 
 vTTEp 'EXXy'iyojy 
 Tpoiag ttc^/wv airi^rjcrav. 
 
 17 
 
 Some Peculiarities of Orthography, Scansion, &c. 
 
 28. 
 
 Crasis of the Article in those parts of 6 avrog which begin 
 
 with a Vowel. 
 
 N. auTos, auT^, ralrhv^ 
 
 G. tahrov, rfjs aOrfjs, raurov, 
 
 D. ra^Ttfi, Tavrri, raury, 
 
 A. rhv av7hv, r^v avrijv, ravrhv *, 
 
 Dual. TauTw, ravTu, rainw, 
 
 avro\, aural, raura, 
 
 rwv avTwv, 
 
 To7s aiiTo'is, Tois avroiS, rois a&rois^ 
 
 TOvs auToi/9, ras auras, raiJra, 
 
 Toiv aifTOiv, Tcuv avra7y, roiv avrotv, 
 
 29. 
 
 Crasis in u ifxog. 
 
 N. oujubj, r/)U^, rolfihv, 
 
 G. Tovfiov, rrjs ejUTjs, rovfiovy 
 
 D. Twixcf, Tr/jup, rwfxcf^ 
 
 olfiol, alixal, ra/Lta, 
 
 riiiv iixwv, 
 
 Tois ifjiois, rats e/xaij, rols ifxolst 
 
 A. TOP ifxhv, T V «W, rov/J-hv, rovs (fxohs, ras ifias, rafia, 
 
 \ Dual. TcL/iw, ra/ia, twjUw, 
 
 rot;' ifxoiVy raiu ijxaiv, roiv ifioiv. 
 
 The above will serve as examples of Crasis where the 
 same combination of sounds occurs. Besides these we may 
 notice — 
 
 a + a = d, as rayaQi..^ 
 
 30. 
 
 1. a. 
 
 a+ o = <t3y ^SiirKa = rh. 2irAa. 
 at + a = d, Kopfrfi = Kal aper-p. 
 
 * N. B. The neuter usually takes v, although it is omitted in avro. 
 
 I In these examples of crasis, if the word begin with a vowel, the 
 aspirate, if required, is placed over it ; if with a consonant that can 
 be aspirated, the consonant is aspirated, and a coronis (') placed over 
 the initial vowel of the second word, to show that it began with a 
 vowel; as arfpos =6 ertpos, ^^rcpov (not darepof) =t^ trepov. 
 
18 
 
 PRAXIS lAMDICA. 
 
 at + 6 = d, Koyu) = Koi iytv. 
 01 + 77 = 77, x'^ = '«ai V- 
 
 oi + u = u, x«''*'fpop^w5oi;(ra. 
 ou + au s oy, Kauros = Kal awT<^s. 
 
 o + 6t = d, KOTa = Kol (Ira, but Ktis ■■ 
 
 /col €(r. 
 at + €v^fv, KevdaifiovfaTcpos. 
 ai + oi = Cf), K(fvo5 = Koi olvos. 
 
 CU + OV= OV, KOVK = Kal OVK, 
 
 2. 77. 
 
 77 + a= 7j, rvxvyO'Gv — "^^XV a7aPp. 
 p + € = 7j, T^/xovTou = Tj) tfiavTov. Tj + 7j = rj, dv/xipo. = tt) Tifxfpa. 
 
 77 + €y = 77U, 77u7€V€ia = ij cj^ytVcto. 
 
 rj + a = d, apcTT/ = 77 apcxT?, 
 
 ot + 6 = 
 
 ou + o = 
 
 3. 0. 
 
 o + a = d, ttf Tjp = b avfjp. 
 
 + 1 = 01, dol/xoLT OV = rh Ifidriov. 
 
 0+ = 0V, ToCfOjUO = T5 ivO/JLO. 
 
 o + u = oi;, ^oijd!i)p = Th vZup 
 o + at = a, rSiriov = rh aXriov. 
 
 4 ' 1 
 
 o + au — av, Taxrrh = rh avr6. 
 o -f- 01 = y, y^/os = (i olvos. 
 
 + ov = ov ou^€ = 6ov5(. 
 ot + a = a, in rot, ix4vtoi, tiroi, before 
 
 ttv, nfvrtiv — ixfvroi 6.V. 
 
 01 + o = w, (if Sp6$ ^ ui avSpes. 
 01 + € = ou, in plur. art. and ^oJ, aoi. ov + o 
 
 oufJLol = oi ifxoif ov -^^ V 
 
 lj.ov(niv = fi(H (crriVi 
 
 fjLoCiuKfV = fioi eSoiKci/. 
 a, in the article and erepoy, 
 
 Urepoi^ol 'irfpoi. 
 a, in the article : Taidpwirov 
 = rov avdpu)irov. 
 
 of. fxaxpov 'iroTravatc. 
 
 OW + 6 = OV, TTOVffTlV = TTOV iOTlV ; 
 
 ovviKaz=ov eVe/co. 
 
 oQovviKa = OToy ercxa. 
 = a, 3aTepou = ToD kripov.* 
 = 77, briiJ.(T(povz=:Tov r\fx(T(pov. 
 — OV, Tovvo/xaros = rov ov6fX(nos 
 = OV, doijdaros = tov viaros. 
 
 ou + € 
 
 0U + 77 
 
 w + a as w, Hcvdpoiirf = £ &vdpU)Tr(. 
 
 S)V(p = S) iVfp. 
 
 « + = oj, Td>'^(?a\,ua> = TO? u<pOa\/iu\ 
 
 eo=iOi = Cf}, f 7^'5a = 670) o?5o. 
 
 y + « = o, T(xvOpunt(a ■= Ty af Ppc^Try. 
 
 4. &j. 
 
 y +o:=u\ r&x^V='^V ''X^^. 
 •So also vpoCBwKa'f = irp'j45u}Ka, 
 Ttpovi'Viiru "f" = ■npo€v4iru. 
 
 TtpOL'TrTOS f = irpoOTTTOS. 
 
 * a occurs in the crasis of tlie article with erfpos throughout its 
 cases : arepos, artpa, 6&T(pov, darepov, doLTtpa, artpoi, aTepai, b&T(pa. 
 Remark also that the coronis, or nuirk of the smooth breathing, is added 
 IV hen the word formed by crasis bt'cins with a consonant, as bdrtpov, 
 not baTfpov, the 1^ sutficiently marking the coalition of t Mith an 
 aspirated vo\*el ; so also npovirTos = np6ovTos ; in arepos and other words 
 beginning with a vowel, the aspirate, if wanted, is marked. 
 
 + lu these words the coronis is alwavs added. 
 
 ORTnOGRAnilCAL rECULlARITlES. 
 31. 
 
 19 
 
 (a.) Sf/nccphonesis {avreK'^»l>nrrtc) differs from {h.) syncS' 
 resis, (c.) crasis, and {(l) synizesis. 
 
 a. Means that two sylhibles in different word.s written 
 separately, are to be scanned together ; as ty(o.t\^i, tTzd-ov, 
 TO jjDi'e'iceyau 
 
 b. Is the regular grammatical contraction ; as in i3a(n\e7= 
 ijaaiXii, r(/iu>/Li£ y = TL^aofiw, 
 
 c. Is the melting of two syllabk'S in two different words 
 into one, so that they are both written and pronounced in 
 one syllable together ; see instances in Rule 30. 
 
 d. Is the scanning two syllables in the same word, written 
 separately, as one syllable ; as, CE.l. Col. 47. a\X' ohU ^iiv 
 rot TohtartfTTayaL 7roX£u>r, where 7To\eu>g forms an iamb by 
 synizesis : the first syUable of Tov^antTrayaL suffers crasis. 
 So also ea, from uno, frequently occurs as a monosyllable. 
 See an example in Rule 17. 
 
 32. 
 
 ^eog may be used either regularly as a dissyllable, or by 
 synizesis as a monosyllable, in all its cases ; as, 
 
 CEd. Tyr. 697. Trpoc -£w»' C'ta^oi' KUfx cira^, orou ttotL 
 Androm. 1251. Tpo/ac te kuI yUp ^tolai KaKeiyrjg fiiXeu 
 
 12o9. TO XoLTToy i'lh] BeoQ ffvyoidiffSLQ Be^, 
 Ajax, 1129. /x// yiJy ar/jua ^eovQ ^eo'ig (jeati)(r^ivoQ, 
 
 In the two last of these examples it occurs both as a dis- 
 syllable and a monosyllable. 
 
 33. 
 
 £ is very rarely elided before ar. 
 oftener scripsissem than scripsisseL 
 
 typaj'' ay is ten times 
 
20 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 34, 
 
 I at the end of the dative is so rarely elided that tht 
 license must not be imitated. 
 
 35. 
 
 HfVoc and £c7j'oc, ^uvoq and fioui'OQi yovara and yoyrara, 
 kopoc and tcovfiocy copJ, copei and covin, tKe'tvo^ and Ktlroc, tavrou 
 and ai/rou, tnavrov and (tuvtov, ^tj-tfjog and iirjTpuQj ifiidEyf aiQwj 
 idti', and £|iou, ffoVf ov, ufxtixiva and ufieirtOy yij and yala, 
 ^(P^v and t.-)(^pr]y, (paoQ and ^tDc? t'"* and vOovitKa, 'iriKa, etVtka, 
 and ovyeKu*, KurOaveiv and kuraOarflv, iKpiarcKTo and cKpifrrio ; 
 tTricTTUfTo and feTrt'orw, tarat and (in Sophocles) fco-o-crai ; the 
 optative third plural in 'outo and -otaro, -alaro and -a<vro, 
 the dative plural in -ate or -oiCf -aicri or -oiai, -aiaiy or -oio-tv 
 (even before a consonant), are ustd inditierently. To these 
 may be added other Ionic iorms, such as Op/;^:£c, ftfVo-oc, 
 eUsKa, TToXXoc, the uncontracted forms vooc, peedpoVf evpoog ; 
 tile j^enitive -eog for -ewe, as ttoXeoc ; also 'Ereo/cXetc, 'Ilpa- 
 K\tovg, rfix^^^S xaXKiuiaif &c. Also TrroXtg, to lengthen the 
 preceding syllable. 
 
 36. 
 
 The augment is never omitted, except in the rapid speeches 
 called ayytXriKoi Xoyo(, which narrate the transactions occur- 
 ring otF the stage, a knowledge of which is necessary to the 
 understanding of the plot, or which unfold its catastrophe. 
 In many instances the augment may be supposed to be ab- 
 sorbed in the preceding long vowel ; as 
 
 CEA. Col. 1602. 7'«x^* TTopevaay Ivy xpo»Y, XovrpoJg ri yiy, 
 where others read ra^e'i Vdpt i/o-ay = cTrc/pt v- 
 trar, as in Eyu)''rEKoy napa', = £rf»co>'. 
 
 1605. KTVTn](Ti fiiv ZevQ -^Ooviogy at ^e irapQivou 
 
 1606. piyr](Tay, wg ijKov(Tay, k. r. X. 
 
 * Vide Liddell aud Scott, sub. voc. 
 
 ORTHOGRAPHICAL PECULIARITIES. 
 
 21 
 
 So also — 
 
 ffiyjjae d' aWtip. Traioyr\ tOpavoy. TriTrrov V tir* a\\{]\oi(TLV, 
 yv^ivovvTO C£ I TrXivpal (nraoayfiolg, yodro B' evydg, 
 ufdipl C£ I t:vKXov)To, yav^arrig 3* ai'»)p j toottovtv. 
 (pdiyfiu c' tlai(pyr]g rwog | -^wiiiti'. kvkXovto C* warrE ^o^o^'. 
 
 "A few Doric forms with d = rj are admitted ; as 'A^cim, 
 capug, '(.KarLj /.ujctyoe, Trocayoc, Xo)(^ayoct oTracor, Kapavny^ 
 cipape, ydfiopog, yaivuTog, Also, from the -^Eolic dialect, Trecup- 
 (Tiogy Trecdopog, TZElai^iog*', fidfrcxwy,*^ Dr. Kennedy, 
 
 37. 
 
 The syllable ^a is added to Je?7c, j)c, and 'icpr^g, from oTca, 
 £t/tt, and ^///tt. Both olada (^=i oicaada) and olcag may be 
 used. 
 
 38. 
 
 " A short vowel becomes long before — 
 
 a. A double consonant ; as d\f^v)(^og. 
 
 b. Two mutes ; as lixnroyr^rog. 
 
 c. Two liquids ; as (rifiyug. 
 
 d. Pfi, fiy, yfj, yvy h: 
 
 e. (T with any other consonant." Dr, K. 
 
 39. 
 
 " A short vowel is common before /3X, /3p, yX, yp, Zfx, Ip, 
 0X, Bfiy 6y, Op, k:X, Kji, Ky, K*p, ttX, ttju, tti', 7rp, rX, Tryu, ry, rp, 
 (jiX, (pfj, ^r, 0p. But a short vowel at the e?id of a word is 
 seldom made long before any of these positions, excepting 
 /3X, yX, and <^p." Dr. K. 
 
 40. 
 " A short vowel ky apaei at the end of a word may be 
 lengthened by an initial p, as elg k^l ptTtoy, ri de pvdfiO^ug ;" 
 
 Dr, K. 
 
 * These forms occur only in /Eschylus. Add also tre^aiptiv in 
 Euripides. — See Porson ad Orest. 26. 
 
22 
 
 PRAXIS IA3IBICA.. 
 
 41. 
 
 **t is common in \/a»', Ktoyiiat, Zarooc, vpyig; long in o0ic^ 
 
 Br. K, 
 
 6(piVf KuviQf Kuyiy" 
 
 42. 
 
 " 01 is common in ttou'w, rotoo-ct, tolovtuc^ and oToc." 
 
 For other peculiarities and niceties of construction, ortho- 
 graphy, and prosody, see " Theatre of the Greeks," pp. 483 
 — o22., 6th ed. 1844. 
 
 43. 
 
 a. ad may be used either as an iamb, del, or as a spondee, 
 ahi (Porson act), or as a trocli^ie, uliv, 
 
 h. y t<pt\KvaTiKuv may be added to make a syllable long by 
 position bet'ure a consonant. 
 
 c. ui; fiovy fioi, fiE, Toij ye, and other enclitics, cannot begin 
 a line. 
 
 44. 
 
 d. The first pL-rson plural of the middle and passive in 
 '/.leduy may be made -fucrduy metri gratia^ if required, as 
 (ptvi^o^EaOa. The Attic form of the future is also occasion- 
 ally used in such words as (jjtvluv^ai, irXevtroufxaiy <{>evU~i(rdai, 
 irXevaov^eyoQ, 
 
 e. Note also the phrase ariftafTa^ ex^i^ 8cc. 
 /. None but short vowels can be elided. 
 
 g. Long vowels absorb or form a crasis with an initial 
 vowel in the next word. 
 
 h. No hiatus is permissible in the Senarius. 
 
 i. The penultima of arz/p, KuXig, Woe, riyto, ij.Qiyu), (pddyuy 
 is long in Homer, short in Attic. 
 
 End of Rules. 
 
 23 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 Exercise I. 
 Jiides 1. to 8 
 
 2. Acatalectic. 
 4. Brachycatalectic. 
 6. Senarius. 
 8. Ictus. 
 
 1. Explain the terms — 
 1. Trimeter. 
 3. Catalectic. 
 
 0. Ilypercatalectic. 
 7. Metre. 
 9. Arsis. 
 
 .nd give the derivation of these names. 
 
 2. What feet are admissible in the following places of a 
 
 oonarius ? 
 
 1. In all odd places. 
 
 2. In all but the last. 
 
 3. In the first place only. 
 
 4. In the first and third only. 
 
 5. In the last. 
 
 6. In the even places. 
 
 3. Name all the feet that can be used in the first place. 
 
 4. Translate and explain Horace's lines, from the Ars 
 Poetica, 251— 2.:58. : 
 
 Syllaba lunga brevi subjecta vocatur Iambus, 
 Pes citus : un-Ie etiam trimetris accrescere jussit 
 Nomeu lambeis, quum senos redderet ictus. 
 Primus ad extrt-mum similis sibi : non ita pridem, 
 Tardior ut paullo graviorque veniret ad aures, 
 Spondipos stabiles in jura paterna recepit 
 Commodus et patiens ; non ut de sede secunda, 
 Cederet aut quarta, socialiter. 
 
24 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 .5. Does this description of the Trimeter imply greater or 
 less license than the Trimetar of Greek Tragedy ? 
 
 6. What is meant by Prodelision ? Give examples. 
 
 7. What is noticeable about the quantity of the last 
 syllable of the verse ? May it precede a vowel in the next 
 line without elision ? 
 
 8. Is it ever elided ? If so, under what limitation ? 
 Give an example, and Porson's rule in Latin. 
 
 9. What restriction is there in the use of the initial 
 anapaest ? 
 
 10. What exception is there to this last rule ? 
 
 11. What is the rule about the anapaest in proper 
 names ? 
 
 12. Scan the following lines, marking the feet and the 
 quantities : — 
 
 ?/<CW, VLKpibV KEvOjJLUiVa Ka\ (TKUTOV TvXaQ 
 
 HoXvcojpoc^ 'Eut^z/C ttuIg ytywQ t)jq Kt(r<rca)c^ 
 
 Upia^OV TE TTUTpOC, OC /i', fcTTfl ^pvyUJV TToXlV 
 
 Kii'lvvoQ tTj^t copl Ttativ E\Ar/j'(A:w, 
 
 UoXv^iltTTopoQ TrpuQ Cto^a, QprjKiov ^iyov, 
 og T))v apiffTTjv Xepaoyjjaiav irXuKa 
 ffTTiipeif (piXiinroy Xaoy Lvdityojy ^op'u 
 
 Exercise II. 
 Bules 8. to 15. 
 
 1. What is the most usual caesura? 
 
 2. Give the meaning and derivation of ccBsura^ penthemi 
 meral and hephthemimeral. 
 
 exercises. 
 
 25 
 
 3. Give examples of these two caesuras. 
 
 4. How many species of the former are there? How 
 many of the latter ? p]xplain the differences between these 
 species, and give examples. 
 
 5. What minor divisions, besides these, sometimes occur ? 
 
 6. Name the caesuras in the following lines : 
 
 <TiOTr}pi l^aiT] XafiTrpoQ uxrirep ofijJLan, 
 rj 7rarp\ (pijyat Zrjyi Triaroy iiyyeXoy. 
 
 What do they show as regards the rhythm of the 
 Senarius ? 
 
 7. Explain the term quasi-ccesura ? After what words 
 does it usually occur ? 
 
 8. What is noticeable in such lines as the following : 
 
 MfrcXttf, fi)] yywfxuc VTrofTri'ifrnQ (TO(puc. 
 QprjKtjy TrepaaayTtg fiuyiq ttoWoI Tcoyw, 
 la KUKOvg avTovQ UTroXXvcrOai KaKwg. 
 
 Are they of good or bad rhythm ? Are they to be 
 copied ? 
 
 9. What is wrong in 
 
 (TE TOV ftoXoig VL(pOKTV7rOlQ ^V(T)^EllIEpoy. 
 
 What rule does it violate ? 
 
 10. What is wrong in 
 
 KpvTTToi'Ta x^'^P^ '^'*^' TTporriotrov TovfnraXiy, 
 AtXuq 6 x^^f^^OKTL I'ojToig ovpavoy. 
 
 What rule do they violate ? Correct them. 
 
 11. When is a verse to be considered as ending in a 
 cretic ? 
 
 12. Point out any violations of Tragic metre in the fol- 
 lowing lines from Aristophanes, Acharn. 1 — 18.: 
 
26 
 
 PKAXIS lAMBTCA. 
 
 oaa ?>/ lecriyfiai Tt)v ifxavrov capciav 
 ij(Tdt]i' U ftauif TTurv ^i /3ata TtTTupu, 
 (pip* tew, Ti c' ijfTdqy ulwi' ycnpr]c6i'()Q ; 
 roTc Tc'jrc raXavroiQ otc KAe'wj^ ilZ/jL/fCf, 
 
 aW wcvyy'idtjv 'irtpov au rpuyyciKoy 
 ore ?») Kt\)ivii TrpoacoKwv ray Aiff-)(^v\oy, 
 V c ayi'iTTEv £tflray', w G/oyrt, roi' \vp()y. 
 Atlidtoq ilaijXd' ^ffOfiftOQ Boiujnoy, 
 ovriog ict'ix^Tjy vnu koiIuq tUq v(ppvQ, 
 
 Exercise III. 
 
 Utiles 16. 17. 
 
 1. Do the following viohite the rule of the cretic or not? 
 Give your reasons. 
 
 iT7rtvcu)^ey ' iyKovuifity ' ijyov fioif yipoy, 
 
 iffw (ppeyuiy Xeyovaa irtiOu) yty Xoyw. 
 
 ti fioL XiyeiQ Ti)y o;///r, enroifx av rore, 
 
 KUf: Tioy (Ttceojy /3ar/ja)(0i;c IttuUi, Trwg CokeIq ; 
 
 oc rdciKU Xiyijjy ayarpiTrei ruy KptiTToya, 
 
 2. When may an apparently cretic ending be really dis- 
 syllabic ? 
 
 3. When may an apparently cretic ending be really tetra- 
 syllable ? 
 
 4. AVhat is noticed about the elision, with a>' in the first 
 syllable of the cretic ? 
 
 5. Correct the following : 
 
 uffporepoy ' airoXtKpdey yap ovcey ^urepov, 
 iiy h* kyyvQ IXOg v'araroe, ovhii: ^ovXtTau 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 27 
 
 6. What correction will make the following not offend 
 against the rule of the cretic ? 
 
 V 
 
 « ~ 
 
 7/ vovc eytfTTLV ovric vfuy tyyeyfjg, 
 
 Trdg yap ng rjvda tovto y tjjji'iy ejjLTropioy. 
 
 7. Why are the following admissible ? 
 
 ijfie'ic i^iev ouy twyuer, ovCe yhavofiey, 
 (l>^uoyiiirov yg irpoaOEy 7/ as yrwpiaai. 
 
 What is tlie quantity of tre in the last line? 
 
 How then does it come before the cretic ? 
 
 8. Are the following creiic endings, or not ? Give your 
 reasons. 
 
 CitTTTOiya, TrpuctcufierTOa * (Tvy yap (tol roffto, 
 iffiuQ TOLoic' ecpvfisy, (hg croi fiEi' ^0Ke7 {ov fjiey aoi)» 
 hvofia fijvoy ctiaarreg ' ov yap h) to ye. 
 wg Toiaiy tjnttipoL(TL Ka\ rag (TV}^i(liopdg. 
 ovK £(TTL ' 7ru~ig riy, or frt^', ovTog y wXeaey, 
 tL C£, cr(j)ayei(Tr]g ^vyarpug etrriy Tig Xuyog ; 
 ouK eany • iiXXujg XtKTp' eyi]}.iEv Aiopica, 
 How can you easily correct any of these ? 
 
 9. Why is the cretic ending oiKodey allowed with liye'ir in 
 the following ? 
 
 it,e(TT ayaaaeu'j wy oo ijytiT oiKovey, 
 Give another similar instance. 
 
 10. Sum up in two short rules all the observations with 
 regard to the cretic ending. 
 
 11. In what respects chiefly does the Comic differ from the 
 Tragic Trimeter ? 
 
 12. What is different from Tragic rule in any of the fol- 
 lowing lines? 
 
 liar/)/} 701' vloy (TojKparii^eiy /3ouAerat • 
 kai Tfjg TTspl avroy ypvxpoXoyiag hiarpifit) 
 iKayt)y Xoywy ctTroyoiu Trpug Tovyayrioy, 
 
 c 2 
 
25 
 
 PIIAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 aWai c' vtt' uicpoc tiai KaTT]yof)iai TriKpai, 
 Ktu Tisiv i.iai)r\TOJV tic TrarpaXotac iKTOitutq. 
 iW e^TcvpiCT^wQ ri/c trxoXijg tuv ^tJKpuTOVQ. 
 
 Exercise IV. 
 
 Rides 11. to 24. 
 
 1. Describe Tragic Tetrameter Trochaic Catalectic. 
 
 2. What must be cut off from the beginning to make it 
 equivalent in structure to the Senarius ? 
 
 3. Scan and mark the i'eet in 
 
 ilHtpay tTrifTKoiruvyra piitiv o/\€t<^£ir, Trp\v av, 
 i) Ce Xoyoc rig iari <I>o(feou ; rov crvruv-iifTai'Ta fxoi, 
 Tira avniiTTjtny ; co^nor rwt o et,wrTt. rou -^tov. 
 td ' Tuor it auL Triipvt^E iiijrpoQ ; ovk ex^ fpaaai, 
 
 4. AVht-re is the dactyl ot a proper name admissible ? 
 
 5. What li Imitation is there with regard to feet preceding 
 a tribrach in the 7th place ? 
 
 6. AVhen must the second foot in the verse be a trochee 
 or tribrach? 
 
 7. What feet are admissible in Anapaestic Dimeters ? 
 
 8. Explain the terms — 
 
 1. Dipodia. 2. Base. 3. Parcemiac. 
 
 4. Syst«'m. 5. Synaphtea. 
 
 i). What limitations are placed upon the use of the dactyl 
 in Anapaestic Verses. 
 
 10. How does the parcemiac differ from the other lines in 
 
 ,t 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 29 
 
 i 
 
 a system ? What limitation is there with regard to the use 
 of particular feet in it ? 
 
 11. What is the rule with regard to the simultaneous 
 ending of a metre with a word ? 
 
 12. What is the only syllable in a system that may be in- 
 differently long or short ? 
 
 Exercise V. 
 nules 25. to 34. 
 
 1. What is the only hiatus allowed in Anapaests ? Give an 
 example. 
 
 2. Scan, and mark the feet and name the lines in the 
 following system : 
 
 'A\Xa a Malaq TZOfnraioq ava^ 
 
 i!)V T ETtivoLav (TTrtvZtlQ KaTf-X'^^'i 
 
 TTpaleiaQ, Eirei yeiralog "''VP^ 
 Alyev, Trap' ijjiol heh6i>:ri(Tai» 
 
 3. Give the nominative singular and plural of 6 auroc, 
 with crasis. To what cases of 6 avroQ is crasis not ap- 
 plicable ? 
 
 4. Answer the same questions for 6 e/ioc 
 
 5. Explain the effect of crasis where the article precedes 
 an aspirated word. 
 
 6. What are the elements of the following ? 
 
 1. Sl^O^EV 2. K^VOQ 3. flOVfTTtV 
 
 7. -^Zffa 8. ^oUujp 9. vQovviKa 
 
 10. K^TQ 11. OvU 12. T*4tL0V 
 
 c 3 
 
30 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 '6\ 
 
 7. Compound together the following, with the usual 
 crasis : 
 
 1. ra -foTrXa 
 4. fiiyroi-\-av 
 . ot-j-uvcpec 
 10. fioi-\-t^u)Key 
 
 2. Kai-\-elQ 
 5. ij -\- evyiveia 
 8. rvxri + uyaOjj 
 11. o-fiic 
 
 3« roO -|- i/t aroe 
 
 6. w -f " »'£p 
 
 9. K'ftt + apiTt] 
 
 12. >/rot + «»' 
 
 8. Decline o-^-tVfpoc. 
 
 9. What is the rule as to the insertion or omission of the 
 diacritical marks, —accent, coronis, &c. 
 
 3. Crasis, 
 
 4. Synizesis, 
 
 10. Distinguish between — 
 
 1. Synecphonesis, 
 
 2. Synaeresis, 
 
 ind give examples of each. 
 
 11. What is noticeable about ^eoc, and t of the dative? 
 
 12. What letter is usually elided in typaxp* ay? 
 
 1. Mention 
 Iambics. 
 
 2. What is 
 
 3. Explain 
 what respects 
 
 4. Mention 
 
 5. To what 
 
 6. Mention 
 long. 
 
 Exercise VL 
 
 Bales So to 44. 
 
 the Ionic forms that are admissible in Tragic 
 
 the rule for the omission of the augment ? 
 
 the meaning of uyyeXriKoi \6yoi, and state in 
 they differ from other parts of a tragedy. 
 
 some admissible Dorisms, 
 
 words is the paragogic -0a added ? 
 
 all the cases in which a short vowel becomes 
 
 7. Before what letters is a short vowel common ? Is there 
 any difference in the usage when the vowel is in the middle 
 or at the end of a word ? 
 
 8. How do you account for eIq efii piirov ? 
 
 9. In what words are i and ol common ? 
 
 10. What are the three forms of the Greek for always? 
 Mark the quantity. 
 
 11. What is the future of </)£i'yw? Mention any varieties 
 of inflection which it undergoes. 
 
 12. Point out the mistakes in the following : 
 
 ovK dv yLVOifjirjy arov re koi firjrpoQ (piXog, 
 a\t£ TO KEirrfQ (WXuv, K0Lv6(pp(j)v Zl croif 
 Koi C^v ^iXoifi ay Kai ^yijaKioy Xct^ftj' 'iaov. 
 yyuffirjg 3' tTTciKovcTor, el Trpoaavriq y' T^v toZe, 
 5. KKETtTGjy yap ?/ l'l)^, Tt}Q yap aXriOEiag to ^uir, 
 Eiar* Evdoy <pvXaKEgf ovaTrep ttoXXovq Xijaofxiv. 
 Xiyoifi uy i'jdrj* vtj^y yap Icrriy ^EdTroTrigm 
 avTog TrapiQriKE Tfjy vtt tfiov fiEfxayfjiEvriv, 
 EKEly^ iKE^yo Tovg a^iKU)TaT0VQ XoyovQ, 
 10. ca KaKovg avrovg airoXwXiyai icaKuiQ, 
 
 \ 
 
32 
 
 PRAXIS UMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 83 
 
 Exercise VJI. 
 
 Arrange the folloiciny in metre, using y ic^tXKvtrTiKdv, elision. 
 Sfc. where necessary, and accent all the tpords. 
 
 wc KUKTjg ^r]TpoQ EKvpfrare, w tekici. 
 (ic wXeo-0f yotTu) Trarpo)^, w Trat^ec 
 aaiTOQ ci KEiraiy vcpEifra aXyqcoi't aojfjLa. 
 tavo^a^ETo CrjTTov no rioy Aa'iov. 
 5 yrfpvETfti anv yXtofrrra o^mta /iop^;;. 
 
 iravffEi h ^v^ov, kui arpExl^EiQ kupu TraXiy. 
 aiayKij radra Ipav, firjCEi' oyav EyKeXevE. 
 Ttg Etjra ay Eit) 6 TrporrOiiKwy Trjyh Icpay, 
 Kcu ^r) (TV yE ovrrio EirKTrutTcu auxppoyEty. 
 10 Vpog Ta ETTTJ TOVCE EXOlfU ftl' XEyEiy TToXXa, 
 
 dtc oyra 7rot?a EKEpTOfirjcrciQ j^ie drjdEy, 
 ^oKEiQ yyy tovto yE Euat <T/.UKpoy irr^fia ; 
 VriQ yE (TU}(ppu)y' Trcnra h Etrn naKa trou 
 EOiKdQ ovhy EpEiy, toy Trarrjp ^tj'Cei, 
 
 15 ^Eajia ofifiaai cvcrOearoy op^f. 
 TrpoffyEXioffu ci\Pvxoy eikw auy^ciTOQ, 
 rah TraXat hj wtttui kui lOE^ovXEvrai. 
 Kai Tig noTE itrrty iy yc xj^E^aifit Eycj ri; 
 ^EOL KTaaiy offrig Trrj/joyrjg Tjp^E. 
 
 20 LffacTi Cijra cnjy yc (poE^a aTTovTvcTTOv. 
 
 I 
 
 « 
 
 Exercise VIII. 
 
 Arrange the following in metre, and accent 
 
 irapEQ jioL Ba\paL icai KXav(Tai rovcr^E vekoovC' 
 Kai El yECL TrapaiyEffio, iridov jioi, Trartp. 
 fjLi] ^E dia^aXrjg orparw, lo (nrepfxu A^^iWewg. 
 avTOQ fiEV Sep^rjQ ^?; te Kai (^Xettel 0aoc. 
 5 YioXvdiopoc, Traig ycywc 'Eicu^rjg rrjg KKraEtog. 
 7] yap EffTiv Aia Tro^f ektce(teiv apyr]C', 
 TToaoy TL ijy irXTjdog EXXijyi^ioy yeojy ; 
 oray KaKa ^tvyz/c, oft KaXog e(jtl ttXovq, 
 ^EOL (Tio^ovfTi TToXiy ^Eag HaXXa^og, 
 10 avrrj ^e eIjii rrjy yaiay l^pij(dE(i)g, 
 
 Kni eEel TToyovg dvcrXocpajrEpovc yE rojy^e, 
 firi jioi KEp^og TvpoTEiyijjy, Eira airocrrEpEi, 
 o^fiara jXEyroi 7rpoEKaXv\paTO ETTEira, 
 ^ Traida yE irarpbg (^EpTEpoy TE^Erai ; 
 
 15 ri ^E ECTTi, h^aaKE jje, AiyEiog TEKyov, 
 yOoyog EmyaTf] Ka I'wSoc troXig Ecrru 
 ilfiEig dovXEvaofXEy Ey (paEij a) SrvyavEp 
 ECTTL apa, t(TTL TToXiQ Adfjvioy arropdrjro*:, 
 AiyEi TO) llavdloyog ^vi^aiKijarovtra. 
 
 20 Tig ouVf aKovTog ^log, eari 6 Xvaioy ag ; 
 
 c 6 
 
34 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 35 
 
 EXKRCISE IX. 
 
 Arrange in metre, and accent 
 
 ^(dovoQ Tp(i)iKr]Q vTifSeTTefixlie ceicrac, 
 KipKoi ov XeXeifif^uvoi TrtXetioi^ jiciKpay. 
 ra ETTt (Toi KUKu (TTtyit)i'f TTuAdi dij a\ykf, 
 iptcoQ yap aatpdXti: kttl ai'Cpiov oyrwy, 
 
 5 ETTEl rjffdsTO tjClKtJflEl'rj "KpOQ UVCpOQ, 
 
 yafiei toiovtov yaj.ioVy w acryaXq. irurz* 
 
 OVCa^XWQ (^iXoilVOV TO'ETZOq TjKOVfTa, 
 
 loojy iriKpug rutr tfiuty ya^iov reXevrac 
 r)dtj yap e/ioi Tray-a Crj TrXtd (pul^ov. 
 10 aTrearTpe\p£ efnraXiy XevKrjy Trapifihi 
 
 A-)(aioi tyovffi Tpoiay ey rrjce ///xfjO^. 
 oray yvvrj j.ir] ciynfrrarr] Trpor; ay^pa, 
 <f>pa(Toy, ei pr]Toy ^loproy y i^jonreioy. 
 Xev(T(T(m)v ^e tteXuq ru(l)ov Trjy efiijy aicoiTiv, 
 15 TTwc ^sXei M/;C6ta XEiTTEorOni f.wvrj trov ; 
 Tavra Topiaq eTTE^eXOeiy Cei f^taKpov Xoyov. 
 \aipE, Krjpv^, T(i)y A;^«twi' otto arparov. 
 i\ E^avKTTarai ^pnyior Trpor tafiaprog ; 
 
 (TV ^E KUtCOQ KUTdaiEl (CaATWC, OJCTTTEp ElKOQ. 
 
 20 EWac ovK ay ayaff-^niro rre ^ayEiy a^aOKfu 
 
 Exercise X. 
 Arrange in metre, and accefit 
 
 tKITEjlTTEL Ze (TVV EjlOl TToXvy ')(J)V(TOV XaSpCl. 
 
 e^w ToXai l3Xa€rjQ (papfiaKoy to <nyav, 
 HaXitTTa, oray nEp Aiytadog jioXr] oiKa^E. 
 iyiyvETO Ze ev KaKoig ovceiq apioyog, 
 5 /jleOeq vvy toZe ayyoc, ott(s)q juLadrjQ to Trav. 
 ^vXa^ EfjLOjy Z(i)fiarojyy yEytdXov ArjSag, 
 OTTOJQ TL yjpr)^a iraQriQ ; ttou (f)pev(jjv el rrore ; 
 Ti Ze XpVH-^ ^<^Ti ; Tiya ftorjy Zoixoig ItTTrig ; 
 eXE')(dr) ^ayEiy Tzpog oZonropojy Tiyioy, 
 10 ovZe oiog te tip (pEpEiv eyyoy (ipayjiovi. 
 
 TTdiQ ovv fjLoXEiv ECTTaXfXEyoy keXevel VIV. 
 
 ov ^^(Eig Ze fiVEidv Tov TzapoyTog ^lov ; 
 
 fjLrj ZrjTa Epyaffrj /jle tovto, vpog ^Eioy, ^ev€, 
 
 Kai (TV KOfjLiiiov EL(Tw, Xfyw Mrf^ELay. 
 15 Epu) wZe, aya^, uj(nrEp eXu^eq fiE apaioy. 
 
 ZvctTTiyog EjJLtj fjLTjTTip '^CLpd EK Tpoiag, 
 
 iTEidoio ay, EV TTEidoiOy i(T(M)g Ze aiTEidoirjg. 
 
 fXT) EKZiZacTKE fiE Eiyai KaKTjy Toig (f>LXoig. 
 
 TTov Ze E(TTL Ta(l)og TOV TaXaiTTijjpov LKELPov ; 
 20 0) 0t\a(, £vrv)(pvfJLEy jjiev ra Kara otKOvc* 
 
 06 
 
 
 gy^iiUi 
 
 jiimmnmijiiiiijl 
 
36 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 37 
 
 EXEUCISE XT. 
 
 Arra7}ge in metre, and accent. 
 
 Kill TO viKfifrdaL TrpETTF.i ToiQ ye oX^ioic 
 aXXrt (ivOic fyw (paiu) avra t^ v7rup)(ijC' 
 ovK atcXrjTo^ ^'£»'» «/\Aa vTrayyfXoc //ctu. 
 w ciEi fieyifTTd Tifnoiui ot TijfTce 7>/C« 
 5 7i(TV)(0i Ce TraiTfC' A-)(cii()i, eyovrtQ ruv^, 
 toiKt ynj]mLV aiicpL noi- kukiov avrrjr. 
 vvv CE ey Tii'i fT^oXtj kukov etrri o T\}ifiu)Vm 
 dpag ETTciifTE rojr KvtcXojv avrov apOpu. 
 Kai TTwc ; eXtti^ cof.i(i)i' oi\Erui Optrrrrjc. 
 10 opijjy <T£ EVTrpETTOvaav -noXXotq aXyE(jt. 
 
 avroc TE Kai to ttXoiov ' ov Xeyw \pevCT} 
 vvfTTLKfiapToi' i\yo£ TTdXaiaQ (UTiac. 
 lovaa ayycWf, irpanrrrE TU'tTzifTTaX^Eva, 
 TToiov yap avCpo£ iiijvOfi tv^ijv tovIe ; 
 15 raXac T]vl,of.n]r TpcHftuifriy (J>c Trropdog Tig. 
 
 IflEipEll' flCl-^TJC OVTOl EfTTl yvfdlKOQ. 
 
 teXei Tag tfiag cv^or, 7a v. Lev teXeie. 
 u) crbJi-ia ((pdHpfiEi'or arlyitwc K(ii-a6EUjg. 
 keXevei ctyEiv OTTciorug hipixpopovg. 
 20 aXXa T/Cf y£ EipyaaTai civroy ovCev Kcikd, 
 
 I 
 
 i? 
 
 
 Exercise XII.* 
 
 Translate into accented Greek, the Greek words corre- 
 sponding to the (piantities marked. 
 
 
 Of Gods. 
 
 
 Take 7. 
 
 
 Swear. 
 
 
 All together. 
 
 
 To feet. 
 
 
 Thou shalt do. 
 
 
 A turn. 
 
 
 A husband. 
 
 
 Of enemies. 
 
 
 Thou mightest 
 
 
 Creon. 
 
 
 Ofa holy (man). 
 
 
 suffer 7"^. 
 
 25 
 
 Speak. 
 
 45 
 
 It is enough. 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 Of mortals. 
 
 
 These things. 
 
 
 By an o;ith. 
 
 
 Friends^. 
 
 
 The land*. 
 
 
 Rejoicing. 
 
 
 Justice*. 
 
 
 Great. 
 
 
 To pay^. 
 
 
 A cable*. 
 
 
 Mine. 
 
 
 Thou shalt say. 
 
 
 It seems. 
 
 30 
 
 To im\ 
 
 50 To come^ 
 
 10 
 
 :\Iine*P™ 
 
 
 In fli<jjht. 
 
 
 To abided. 
 
 
 That I may kill 
 
 7 
 
 • 
 
 For the sake 
 
 of. 
 
 I will anoint. 
 
 
 Of two hands. 
 
 
 Of thee {poei 
 
 I). 
 
 Of sons. 
 
 
 That he may 
 
 
 Me. 
 
 
 Mean*f. 
 
 
 touch 7. 
 
 35 
 
 The mind*. 
 
 55 
 
 She goes. 
 
 
 Of the girl. 
 
 
 The very things 
 
 Thou wishest. 
 
 15 
 
 To die. 
 
 
 which. 
 
 
 To us. 
 
 
 I am wise. 
 
 
 To the hand. 
 
 
 Much*f. 
 
 
 A husband. 
 
 
 The feet. 
 
 
 Of you. 
 
 
 Of one ^ 
 
 
 father. 
 
 60 
 
 It shrill be. 
 
 
 Flights*?. 
 
 40 
 
 Children. 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 To obtain. 
 
 
 
 
 
 * In this and all the subsequent exercises, where the English only is 
 given, the Greek must be sought in the Index. The numerical and 
 literal references are to the list of tenses, &c., inserted after the Preface 
 of this book. 
 
 ^Ulilgllggil 
 
38 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 39 
 
 Exercise XIII. 
 
 Exercise XIV. 
 
 «^ w w 
 
 Great (things).* 
 Death. 
 Livelihood ■. 
 I came^. 
 5 Sweet. 
 I suffered 7, 
 Friendly (things). 
 Of a mother (ro/cac). 
 To a daughter. 
 10 Blessed (Gods). 
 
 All things. 
 
 Happiness. 
 
 These (men). 
 
 Hands. 
 15 Persuade thou. 
 
 First. 
 
 Doing f. 
 
 My (things). 
 
 More. 
 20 Holy (things). 
 
 — WW 
 
 Companions. 
 
 Bodies. 
 
 Who °P. 
 
 Last (XoierStov) ? 
 25 Of a palace. 
 
 No one*. 
 
 I heard. 
 
 Dispositions. 
 
 By pains. 
 10 Ye behold. 
 
 Si/ sy 
 
 With which •?. 
 
 Of an eye. 
 
 A barbarian •. 
 
 Of a thing. 
 35 More (things). 
 
 Of the air. 
 
 Nightly. 
 
 Trojan women. 
 
 Send ye. 
 40 In apparitions. 
 
 
 I 
 
 ' 
 
 ♦ English words in parentheses are to be omitted in the Greek. 
 
 i 
 
 v/ w 
 
 To wives. 
 To partake of. 
 Of the head. 
 Bring forward. 
 5 Of a curse. 
 A generation*. 
 Of wisdom. 
 I look into. 
 By practice. 
 10 Of great (men). 
 
 V^ Vi,— 
 
 Hateful* (women). 
 
 AVith difficulty. 
 
 Of moderate (men). 
 
 He can. 
 1 o Of the palace. 
 
 In chambers. 
 
 Of livelihood. 
 
 To do-wrong. 
 
 Of a steward. 
 20 In feasts. 
 
 -- V. 
 
 Stab ye. 
 
 Spare ye. 
 
 An apparition. 
 
 INIany^ (an one) at least. 
 25 Such (things) as. 
 
 Willing f. 
 
 Wretched (woman). 
 
 Old* (man). 
 
 Dragged away^of 
 30 Ray. 
 
 «- w 
 
 O mother. 
 
 Pitiable^ thou. 
 
 But we. 
 
 Report thou. 
 35 They rejoice. 
 
 He is dead. 
 
 With lamentations. 
 
 Most disgracefully (§ 97.).t 
 
 Let us hasten. 
 40 They followed^^ 
 
 * The perpendicular line marks the end of a foot, 
 t Numerals in brackets, with § prefixed, refer to the sections in 
 Wordsworth's Greek Grammar. 
 
40 
 
 PRAXIS IAMBICS. 
 
 Exercise XV. 
 
 He signifies. 
 To proclaim^. 
 To gain'*. 
 
 That he may touch ^^ 
 5 To men. 
 To be nurtured 20. 
 To the Argivcs. 
 In an ancient (city). 
 To be silent. 
 10 Having been stripped. 
 
 Of a free (city). 
 
 The writings of laws. 
 
 Leave off argument. 
 
 Of a lately-slain (lamb). 
 25 In a desert. 
 
 Underground (ways). 
 
 The wiser* (man). 
 
 Tliis clatter. 
 
 WhatP we suffer. 
 30 Great anger*. 
 
 The true (things). 
 
 To silent (women). 
 
 In tents. 
 
 To avenge. 
 15 He was fond of. 
 
 Men of all kinds. 
 
 Of relations. 
 
 To Casandra. 
 
 He leads. 
 20 Of the men. 
 
 Concealed ^7'. 
 
 Looking on. 
 
 I will answer. 
 
 To (cVi) the hearth*. 
 35 The very clearest (words). 
 
 But he was successful. 
 
 Thou shalt appear base. 
 
 For my sake. 
 
 The (things) not friendly 
 40 The gates of darkness. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 41 
 
 Exercise XVI. 
 
 Humours of the mind. 
 To return (give^) thanks. 
 He seeks to come^. 
 Being guarded. 
 5 Of (one's) neighbours. 
 We alone ^. 
 They were holding their 
 
 hands. 
 He is about to speak. 
 To be wise. 
 10 To persuade (men to do) 
 
 this P. 
 
 She rules. 
 
 Where Hades. 
 
 Old (cities). 
 
 Of Minerva. 
 25 To be present. 
 
 It has been done. 
 
 To the best (cities). 
 
 Having heard. 
 
 To send against''. 
 30 Justly. 
 
 The spear was successful 
 (flourished). 
 
 A friend to himself. 
 
 May the walls fall". (§150.) 
 
 Of a dear mother. 35 
 
 15 The Grecian ° army. 
 
 Thou farest badly. 
 
 Ye killed K 
 
 Many cities. 
 
 Being honoured. 40 
 
 20 He shall buy. 
 
 He may assemble. 
 
 Having °P^. 
 
 Of women. 
 
 Searching. 
 
 To be able. 
 
 Of paternal (gods). 
 
 I will undergo. 
 
 Insulting ^ 
 
 Thou shalt become. 
 
 He might be mad 22*, 
 
 iasi ^S HSh i i m fani< i iiwaiHiwiiifiiiTi r miiranri**^'^'"^'*"''*^ 
 
42 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 I 
 
 KXEBCISES. 
 
 43 
 
 Exercise XVII. 
 
 Exercise XVIII. 
 
 >^ \^ SJ \^ 
 
 Of masters. 
 Of eyes. 
 
 The good (men). 
 I am gone. 
 5 Thou shalt avail, 
 lie was prospering. 
 They were accomplishing. 
 From (ek) garments. 
 Because that. 
 10 Thou lookest into. 
 
 Hostile (things). 
 
 Shrieking forth. 
 
 Deadly. 
 
 Suppliant. 
 25 Daughters, 
 
 Regal (things). 
 
 Having many children. 
 
 Unholy. 
 
 Destructive. 
 30 Lately married. 
 
 v/ s,/ — I I — 
 
 O aged Priam. 
 
 Useless (are) these (things). 
 
 But I fled 7. 
 
 And in the light of hospi- 
 tality. 
 5 Hecuba, in {lia) pitys. 25 
 O Polymestor, come ^. 
 It is Polydorus. 
 They went (away) flying. 
 Hecate, I fly-from thee \ 
 10 And I killed Pelias. 30 
 
 I will, while alive, give up. 
 
 To pay^ the penalty. 
 
 But what, on the other 
 
 hand, do I suflfer ? 
 I, a bride. 
 
 With-friends already. 
 O woman, thou art mad. 
 O friend, hasten. 
 A fiiir-haired head. 
 He flies' first. 
 He may touch the head. 
 
 Of the heart. 
 
 Having caused to dwell. 
 
 To know ^2, 
 
 He is being saved. 
 15 Happening. 
 
 It coincides. 
 
 To hope^ 
 
 Even if I am successfuP^ 
 
 It is loosened. 
 20 Pleasantly. 
 
 Another greater (thing). 
 
 To the slaves. 
 
 They did not die. 
 
 When thou camest. 
 35 Into danger. 
 
 To the rulers, 
 
 O thou who didst bear 
 me''. 
 
 And having been slain 2'. 
 
 The queen *. 
 40 basest (man). 
 
 Of the sons of Priam. 
 
 To overlook ^ 
 
 Of enemies. 
 
 Of the king. 
 15 Shrieking forth'. 
 
 Deadly ap™. 
 
 To overlook 7. 
 
 In royal (garments}. 
 
 Being citiless. 
 20 Of daughters. 
 
 Some one signifies. 
 
 And to proclaim ^ 
 
 For he may touch***. 
 
 To men. 
 35 And let us be silent. 
 
 Having been stripped 20'. 
 
 To the Argives. 
 
 To have been nurtured ^o 
 indeed. 
 
 In tents. 
 40 To (men of) all kinds. 
 
44 
 
 i 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA, 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 45 
 
 Exercise XIX. 
 Penthemimercd Beg innings. 
 
 Thou wastest words. 
 
 But will tliou expel me ? 
 
 For I do not love thee. 
 
 Away, vain (woman) ! 
 5 And thou thyself at least art grieved- 
 
 These are no longer (alive). 
 
 Bitter ends*. 
 
 He gives to us. 
 
 Ho wailed aloud. 
 10 She advances trembling. 
 
 Exercise XX. 
 Penthemimeral Beginnings, 
 
 O, soft° skin ! 
 
 A royal bride. 
 
 We shall slay. 
 
 One must dare this 'p.* 
 5 Not I indeed'. 
 
 A sweet thought. 
 
 Others I will lead home. 
 
 O wretched (woman). 
 
 But in vain was I suiFering. 
 10 Go, as quickly as possible. 
 
 But thou shalt cease from anger. 
 
 But thou shalt receive gifts. 
 
 Having taken*" thti robes. 
 
 To let off -^ banishment P. 
 15 A lifeless image ^ 
 
 The women's houses*. 
 
 Creon who begat* (him). 
 
 Hearing thou rejoicest'. 
 
 For thou shair delii;ht us. 
 20 Quitting ^* the chariot. 
 
 Giving P the ornament. 
 
 And the fine robe. 
 
 She rules young. 
 
 I bore 2 them. 
 15 Pity entered me. 
 
 Part has been said *7. 
 
 But grow ye. 
 
 And I reproached. 
 
 Having married a royal (bride). 
 20 Now therefore I praise thee. 
 
 • An at the end of an English word means that the Greek word 
 is to be elided. 
 
46 
 
 I 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA, 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 47 
 
 Exercise XXI. 
 
 Penthemimeial Beginnings, 
 
 I come, having been bidden ^o. 
 What thing dost thou wish? 
 Helping-to-.feize.* 
 It can't be otherwise. 
 5 I was erring 2 then'. 
 I will go out of the land. 
 We shall become. 
 A harbour appeared '^ 
 By doing ^^ what thing ? 
 10 I-swear-by Earth*. 
 
 
 Exercise XXII. 
 Penthem imeral Beginnings, 
 
 I Talthybius am come. 
 And the two Atridoe. 
 Ah me ! what wilt thou say ? 
 Hast thou come-to:/etch ^ us ? 
 5 Thou art undone, my (w) son. 
 And I standing byJ 
 Be silent, ye Achaeans. 
 Be silent, silent (0 people). 
 I die willing.^ 
 10 To be called'^ a slave'. 
 
 Swear by the ground of the earth. 
 
 For many reasons. 
 
 Creon expels me. 
 
 But I entreat thee. 
 15 And (by) thy knees ^. 
 
 What, I pray, did he answer ? 
 
 We were childless. 
 
 He dares to act the villain. 
 
 May ye two be happy * ! 
 20 Opinion injured '. 
 
 * Where a doubt might be felt as to which English word should be 
 looked for in the Index, the initial letter of the proper word is put in 
 Italics. 
 
 I 
 
 So muchP he spake. 
 
 He drew forth from the sheath. 
 
 And springs came forth 2. 
 
 Of (thy) dead ^ daughter. 
 15 O daughter, I know' not. 
 
 Many being present (§163.). 
 
 The unrestrained mob. 
 
 But boastings of the tongue. 
 
 Hecuba, I carry this'^ 
 20 (My; mistress', thou art undone- 
 
 1 i 
 
 m 
 
^ 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XXIII. 
 Penthemimeral Beginnings. 
 
 No new thing thou tellesf*. 
 Thou hast mentioned a living (woman), 
 Hecuba, why dehiyest thou ? 
 But thou art loiterinor. 
 5 The house ' of Agamemnon. 
 I cannot ^* (with ay). 
 It is necessary to dare. 
 Nothing of these (things). 
 Into this country 
 10 But by (-TrpuQ) whom dies he ? 
 
 An avenger of Hier) husband. 
 And j'n the hght of friendship. 
 He did not deijjn-*. 
 Pity^ us. 
 15 I was a queen once.' 
 
 Once' being mother-of-fair-f7hildreiL 
 Citiless, deserted. 
 Ah me ! wretched''. 
 Givingp rewards. 
 20 How then ? wliat wilt thou do? 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 49 
 
 Exercise XXIV. 
 
 Hephthemimeral Beginnings, 
 
 Fearing ^ he-5ent-me-out-secretly. 
 To the house of Polymestor. 
 And the vote which is (n)*') decided^o*. 
 For I-too was not dead^. 
 5 But if it is (allowed) to {toiq) slaves, 
 Unsightly in sordid-clothes. 
 For she (it was who) killed^ him. 
 And excelling^ in beauty. 
 But what (things) you must give-in-return.. 
 10 And I beg-back the then' (bestowed) favour. 
 
 But she is as-good-as (JlvtX) many. 
 
 Dragging? (them) from the altars. 
 
 I am ready to save (thee). 
 
 But whatP I said before {eIq) all. 
 15 To give thy daughter as a victim. 
 
 For in this they are weak. 
 
 But when (thy) child perished. 
 
 But I could wish* {with av) to suffer^. 
 
 And try-to -persuade'. But thou hast an excuse. 
 20 The name of woble-birth. 
 
.50 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Exercise XXV. 
 
 ITepli th cm im era I Beg in n ings. 
 
 Passing f beyond tlic houses*. 
 We bad indeed a certain tower. 
 SLe herself taking" the sword. 
 Hecate* dwelling in r«:!cesses. 
 5 But come ! spare nothing. 
 Medea, in slavery". 
 Born '2 of an excellent father. 
 Not now liave I seen for the first time- 
 On account of {ovvtK) vain words. 
 10 And I too bad no business. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 51 
 
 
 Thou earnest^ to us, thou camest. 
 
 For I also having spokenC 
 
 I saved ^ thee, as they know. 
 
 But the faitb of oaths is vanished. 
 15 If I shall fly at least (from) the land*. 
 
 His children to wander (as) beggars*. 
 
 Sure-proofs' to men. 
 
 Thou hast told^ what' thou hast told^ 
 
 Why standest^ thou confused ^^P 
 20 Assuredly these (things) are fated. 
 
 Exercise XXVI. 
 
 Hephthemimeral Beginnings, 
 
 And in truth (h)) upon his head a crown. 
 Medea, fly, fly ! 
 The princess is dead. 
 Thou hast told* (me) the best news^. 
 5 But I praised every-thingp to the man. 
 And putting down^'f the golden crown. 
 Overjoyed I'^f at the gifts^. 
 Falling on 7 (some; seats d. 
 And already dragging (his) limb ? 
 10 It sent forth (?£t) a wondrous stream. 
 
 Well hast thou spoken *, daughter. 
 
 Enough thy daughter's death. 
 
 Wishest thou to fall to earth ? 
 
 But, mother dear to me ! 
 i5 No-bride, without-wuptial-song. 
 
 Hail, mother, hail. 
 
 daughter, clasp ^ thy mother. 
 
 Most basely destroyed ^ Troy. 
 
 Thy daughter a dead^^ 
 20 Agamemnon having sent*s. 
 
 D2 
 
52 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Exercise XXVJJ. 
 Heph them imeral Beginnings, 
 
 TTcrc tlie gold is. 
 
 None of the Achfcans (is) witliin. 
 
 Ah me ! again-and-again, (my) children ! 
 
 My friends f, strange (deeds) have been done^^. 
 5 But ye will not fly (ovte f^n) with ^tuyw^'' ). 
 
 Do ye wish' (that) we shall fall upon'" (them) ? 
 
 Dash down, spare nothing. 
 
 Thou shalt not see (thy) children alive. 
 
 And the bodies' of thy two children. 
 10 But I will depart out of the way. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 53 
 
 Having heard* a noise s < ' " ' I came". 
 
 Echo, giving (forth) a noise' ^ 
 
 0-Polymestor, unhappy (man) ! 
 
 Who made (nO>j/ii*) thine eye blind? 
 15 And she killed these children. 
 
 But Hecuba with the women. 
 
 (My) father Priam gives (me). 
 
 But the Achajans knowing him (to be) alive*. 
 
 And then the plains of Thrace. 
 20 They wrought^* dreadful deeds. 
 
 I 
 
 Exercise XXVIII. 
 
 Hephthemimeral Beginnings, 
 
 The wife of this man kills him. 
 Will ye not drag him, servants ? 
 Shut ye (him) in ; for (the word) has been spoken. 
 Already to (jrpoc) this house*. 
 5 And may we saiP* prosperously to (our) fatherland. 
 He slew my son. 
 Else {eirel) inform '^-me-of this*. 
 In addition to these (things), now hear"* (me). 
 But for the sake of Agamemnon. 
 10 But first, basest of men. 
 
 And excelling ^^ in beauty. 
 
 For he wrongs us in no respect*. 
 
 And-do-not (jur/ce) slay'P my son. 
 
 But, dear face {yireiov). 
 15 Who injuring? their (tovq) friends. 
 
 Already the third day ((piyyog). 
 
 Slave, what saidst thou, I pray ? 
 
 Ungrateful is your race. 
 
 My mother, unhappy (woman) ! 
 20 But Priam groaned immediately. 
 
54 
 
 PRi^XIS lAMBICA* 
 
 Exercise XXIX. 
 
 Two Complete Metres, 
 
 The wretched'(woman) groaning < dreadfully. 
 But the thin robes of thy children. 
 And she flies rising 7 from (her) seat P. 
 With the unseen jaws of poisonP. 
 And all had (there was to all) a fear to touch '^ (it). 
 Now enwrapping ■* the body. 
 I was led 9 to a Grecian house. 
 For in truth (^/)) having killed ^f thy husband. 
 On account of bed and couch. 
 10 He has turned-out* the basest of men. 
 
 0. 
 
 With whom he will chiefly associate. 
 
 But I being* deserted, citiless. 
 
 Thou shalt seem useless and-not wise. 
 
 It is not so with (to) me, fear not^^ 
 15 And a refuge for my-own sons. 
 
 Badly hath it been done in every way. 
 
 But if accident shall banish » me'. 
 
 But thou dost not relax from thy folly. 
 
 While-flying, I held up to thee a light. 
 20 With the outside edges of the sail. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 65 
 
 Exercise XXX. 
 
 Two complete 3Ietres, 
 
 Friends, strange' (things) have been done there. 
 With the most excellent Trojan-dames. 
 What sayest thou ? Hast thou wrought ^^ the-deed? 
 Didst thou, Hecuba, dare (to do) this daring ? 
 5 About to mention ^ the tombs of Priam's-sons. 
 Let-be, who is the man I see yonder.* 
 O unhappy' (one) ! for I mean myself. 
 It is necessary to dare, even if I succeed ^^ 
 Him once I bore^ and-carried^, 
 10 And (his) Thracian friend destroyed him. 
 
 For a most unholy deed. 
 
 But, as a painter, 5tanding-away'^ 
 
 See ^"^ and-/ook-around'*. 
 
 I was a king once ; but now — 
 15 The slave ^ of thee. Wretched ^ (that) I (am). 
 
 Once being mother-of-fair-children, but now an old- 
 woman. 
 
 And now the most miserable of mortals. 
 
 And to the bitterest-enemies. 
 
 Ancient possessions of Priam's-sons. 
 20 Holding their (the) friends (as) enemies. 
 
 * Compare ri rtJSe eiros eyprj/cay; riva riivSe yvvcuKa TrpocreiScs; 
 
 D 4 
 
56 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 i, 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 57 
 
 Exercise XXXI. 
 Endings. - I ^ - 
 
 Exercise XXXI. — {continued,) 
 
 Of Pallas. 
 
 And-weak (things). 
 Of the other. 
 Kindly-disposed. 
 5 Those in the midst. 
 We are using, 
 blasters. 
 I am mad. 
 Of infants. 
 10 I blame. 
 
 I will arrange ^^ 
 
 Lords. 
 
 Prudently. 
 
 With thy hand. 
 15 In houses. 
 
 I know. 
 
 Into the hands. 
 
 He will receive. 
 
 With the (help of 
 gods. 
 20 Rich (men). 
 
 Prosperous (men). 
 
 About to report. 
 
 Wretched* (woman). 
 
 Of a calamity. 
 
 25 Of hopes. 
 
 He is gone away. 
 
 Well-born (men). 
 
 An attack. 
 I followed 14. 
 
 30 Of bodies. 
 
 In another direction. 
 
 Of bones. 
 
 Of mothers. 
 
 And of children. 
 35 We are delaying. 
 
 Out of the land. 
 
 Thou regardest. 
 
 Thou hast wrought ^^ 
 the) Of Sisyphus. 
 40 I ought. 
 
 ( Turn over,) 
 
 Endings, - | ^ i:i 
 
 It appears. 
 In misfortunes. 
 He touches. 
 Thou groanest not. 
 5 With a sword. 
 We touch. 
 I see not. 
 To know. 
 Of the knees. 
 10 Easily. 
 
 Thou lookest at. 
 He perishes. 
 O lady. 
 
 Does it happen ? 
 15 In- want. 
 Everywhere. 
 He will suffer. 
 Hard-to-/ght-with*P. 
 
 Safely. 
 20 Of barbarians. 
 
 I was perishing. 
 
 We are suffering. 
 
 Of deities. 
 
 This land. 
 25 She perceived ^4. 
 
 He has turned out'. 
 
 And-not supposing. 
 
 He is left behind. 
 
 To (etc) friends. 
 30 Of one's (the) neighbour. 
 
 To die 7. 
 
 Glorious. 
 
 Of companions. 
 
 Of shields. 
 35 To happen. 
 
 A device. 
 
 To tell 3. 
 
 Being umpire. 
 
 Before suffering. 
 40 Thou didst give out ^*, 
 
 o 5 
 
58 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 59 
 
 Exercise XXXII. 
 Endings of two feet and a half 
 
 And the gates of dark- 
 ness. 
 It is necessary to know. 
 Thou oughtest to signify. 
 Thou hast in the pahiceP. 
 5 Does he remenaber me 8 
 at all (rt) ? 
 Thou wilt signify by 
 
 word. 
 Now friends to me. 
 A pious man. 
 But what (is) the sign ? 
 10 Hast thou concealed^ ^?* 
 
 But we alone'. 
 
 Of an unhappy slaughter. 
 
 With swift foot. 
 
 WhomP /slew*. 
 15 Within the palaceP. 
 
 And-I-will-stand-aloof. 
 
 Most-hard-to-/ght-with ^. 
 
 The-due-rewardP. 
 
 He is severe to thee. 
 20 One-must bear evils. 
 
 Thou shalt be repelled 
 
 with violence. 
 (The way) by which we 
 
 shall escape. 
 Krring-much. 
 And I furetel to thee. 
 25 Most unholy*. 
 
 Of the bounds of the land. 
 If I shall be taken 2». 
 No small trouble. 
 Even-if I am about to 
 die 7. 
 30 And plotting'. 
 
 Thou shalt grieve to-hear' 
 
 I will begin to speak. 
 
 A deadly field ». 
 
 Thou shalt be banished 
 from the land. 
 35 As I will tell thee. 
 
 Gold in his palace P. 
 
 To hymn * a strain. 
 
 But keep quiet. 
 
 Nor do I blame. 
 40 We dwell in comfort. 
 
 ♦ Cf. dTi/nicros tx^^-s, Sec. 
 
 Exercise XXXIII. 
 
 Endmgs of two feet 
 
 To nurture in the palace p. 
 One (Tiya) of-Priam's- 
 
 sons. 
 Much-frightened. 
 Like (hiKr}i') enemies 8. 
 5 As a hunter. 25 
 
 Nor does the land nur- 
 ture. 
 With thine own evils. 
 H aving-spoken-accurately. 
 
 To slay my son 
 10 To speak the-truthP. 30 
 
 And thy gains. 
 
 We were in the light. 
 
 By (vTTo) enemies «. 
 
 Since thou shalt appear 
 base. 
 15 You ought (exP^y) to nur- 
 ture the boy. 
 
 Tossing-about. 
 
 She is present (napa) from 
 Troy. 
 
 He possesses in the pa- 
 lace. 
 
 But still I will tell (it). 
 20 The son of Achilles. 
 
 and a half 
 
 To bad men. 
 
 Thou doest (things) not 
 
 just. 
 Being clever in speaking ^ 
 Not very clever. 
 Not unknown to one's 
 
 friends. 
 A bulwark to the palaceP. 
 I will fly the land. 
 And having betrayed 7"^' 
 
 thee. 
 Give this to us. 
 To address friends. 
 
 If (it is) lawful to hear. 
 The Corinthian land. 
 I praised these (things). 
 Hast thou found this ? 
 35 I am lost. 
 
 I do not stand-aloof. 
 Most safely. 
 Of designs. 
 I will kill the king. 
 40 The pleasure of words. 
 
 D 6 
 
60 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 61 
 
 Exercise XXXIV. 
 Endings of three feet and a half. 
 
 The Chersonesian region ». 
 
 The hearth was destroyed 22. 
 
 From a blood-stained son. 
 
 To give thee this satisfaction. 
 5 And to subserve justice. 
 
 To plan * this murder. 
 
 Not to look in-his-face. 
 
 But what need of me (possesses) thee. 
 
 But this is dear to me. 
 10 Seest thou what? we suffer ? 
 
 But thou oughtest to signify. 
 
 The youngest of Priam's-sons. 
 
 But may it be an evil to (his) neighbours. 
 
 From the left hand. 
 15 Of the double equipment. 
 
 But they, like (UKr]v) enemies. 
 
 (One) calamity greater than (another) calamity. 
 
 And having slain thy enemy. 
 
 Briefly I will tell (it). 
 20 (His) wife, a bitter Aouse-watcher. 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Exercise XXXV. 
 
 Endings of three feet and a half 
 
 Fear not us, Creon. 
 Overcome by-superiors sf. 
 Beings^ hostile to me. 
 And to his newly-married bride. 
 5 As they tell me^. 
 Deprived ^^ of her husband. 
 Miserable one, I perish ! 
 I will cast (thee) forth from (our) land (rcf* 
 
 jLioj'wr). 
 As I. (am) umpire of the speech. 
 10 An accessible landing-place. 
 
 And to look-on iron. 
 
 Has some plan been found? 
 
 This (is) a still more- grievous evil 
 
 Farewell (my) plans ! 
 15 The last smile of all. 
 
 In this Corinthian land. 
 
 In my sacrifices. 
 
 Living they shall delight thee. 
 
 But I am overcome by misfortunes. 
 20 But they fight with the spear. 
 
62 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XXXVL 
 Eiidings of three feet and a half. 
 
 Fight not with those-in-power. 
 From a young ami. 
 But now for lhe-very-/ast-time. 
 Of my addresses. 
 5 But they fill up the funeral-pile. 
 She shall close thine eye (in death). 
 In rich houses. 
 A relative of the Dioscori. 
 That I may die free*". 
 10 Shall we be slaves in the light ? 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 63 
 
 Exercise XXXYIT. 
 
 Endings, with three feet and a half containing one long 
 word, as in — /uwv /SeSouXev/iai KaKtbc ; 
 
 Thou wilt bewail a fond father. 
 Not to-be-deprived-of the land. 
 Keep these (men) despoiled '*.* 
 Before it fall-upon* any-one *. 
 5 Art thou sending me from the land, Creon ? 
 The silent are wise. 
 
 And thou art not bani.>^hed-from the land. 
 And if fortune P stand-by". 
 Not failing* oneVlriends^. 
 10 But thou hast done well (in) coming"'. 
 
 He signified this speech. 
 
 The wind-pipe. 
 
 Ye who nurtured^ me with-dehght 
 
 The newly (made) rulers. 
 15 But wretched woman (that) I (am). 
 
 Surrounding m her head with robes. 
 
 But be ^* propitious to us. 
 
 But he is always kind. 
 
 With a countless army. 
 20 Me a most wretched (woman> 
 
 To be in-love-with this marriage-couch «. 
 
 And joining-together the race. 
 
 Thou hast adorned tliese words. 
 
 Of the wewly-married bride. 
 15 To thee I rfeclare-it-beforehand, lady. 
 
 Whose murder P thou threatenest. 
 
 He has wrought many friendly (deeds). 
 
 I will not depart 2' . 
 
 And being-in-M^antP of friends. 
 20 And his anger has ceased. 
 
 * See note on page 58. 
 
 ■h 
 
64 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 65 
 
 Exercise XXXVITL 
 
 Endings of four feet and a half. 
 
 Hades dwells ^^ apart from the Gods. 
 This man's wife, a bitter ^ouse-watcher. 
 Thou art mad, and longest to gain evils (things). 
 Thou oughtest to rejoice, revenging thyself. 
 5 The change of my beauty. 
 The oracular Dionysus spake as-follows (rah), 
 I lost-* (them) not, but have (them as) friends. 
 Now hear'*, since thou shalt seem base. 
 What {(1}q) intolerable evils have been wrought^^ by thee^ ! 
 10 There is need of the presence of these children. 
 
 i 
 
 Exercise XXXIX. 
 Endings of five feet. 
 
 Scowling, and angry with her husband. 
 
 Taking^ (thy) two sons with thyself. 
 
 Contests for the newly married. 
 
 I will track this murder, even in silence. 
 5 Dwelling'^ in the recesses of my hearth. 
 
 Enduring the designs of her betters. 
 
 I held up to thee the light of-safety. 
 
 Ye women think ye have everything. 
 
 To relax the great rage of (his) heart. 
 10 Wise^ art thou, and skilled in manyg evil (devices). 
 
 But the name shall be called upon thy tomb. 
 
 Or living, I will here complete my life. 
 
 Priam, and Hector's spear was flourishing. 
 
 These things I will say briefly. 
 15 And wishing to assist my own children. 
 
 Bending his knee in the midst of the bed. 
 
 I give to thee thyself (aJrw cot) the same (things) to 
 keep. 
 
 Lest the boy being left an enemy to thee. 
 
 They ravage these plains of Thrace, 
 20 My son*, and thy gains. 
 
 •M 
 
 i 
 
 Thou fearest me, lest thou shouldest suffer anything un- 
 pleasant. 
 Both the fVither, and the bride, and my husband. 
 By (fta) the mistress whom I revere. 
 I came hither' from lolchian land. 
 15 This speech (that) has been spoken (is) true. 
 
 And suppose they are dead^ what city will receive me ? 
 
 They entered-together^ the hull of the Argo. 
 
 But thou, I suppose, didst ^ these (things) in-thy-sober- 
 
 senses. 
 I see (^£»0 that I have erred ^ (§ 164.). 
 20 (My native) city, (a thing) dearer to me at least, than 
 children. 
 
 %h 
 
66 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 67 
 
 Exercise XL, 
 
 Quasi'CcESura. 
 
 In silence entering 7f the palace?, where the couch was 
 laid. 
 
 Women, as regards goodP (yucr), are most helpless. 
 After having wronged ^^ (your) friends, to look (them) in 
 the face. 
 4 And, evil minded, I designed". 
 StabP me! spare not! 1 bore^ Paris. 
 
 O mother ! O thou that baredst me I^ I am indeed {^) 
 going below. 
 
 Give (it) 7^ ; leave 7'' me not childless ; I am undone^, my- 
 friends. 
 
 8 Having taken^ the matter into (his) hands, to reject » 
 
 this. 
 
 T/ie following resemble the quasUccBsura, as they have 
 the ehlef break in the sense, after a stop, and generally ivith 
 elision, at the close of the third foot ; but they differ from 
 those above in having also a penthemimeral ccesura. 
 
 Having married the daughter of Creon, who rules the 
 land. 
 
 Since one-day this' will be, that I (may punish my) 
 enemies^. 
 
 And one kisses (my) hand', and another my fair head 
 4 Ungrateful is the race' of you, who (oVoc) popular (arts 
 employ). 
 
 Being absent when thou earnest 7 hither; but when I 
 came^*. 
 
 First (/.£,.) tell' (me of the) boy« whom from my hand — 
 7 And to call (themj thy sons, but servants to me. 
 
 I 
 
 il 
 
 Exercise XLL 
 
 Single lutes. 
 
 He must ask Helen as a victim? for his-torab. 
 O voice of Minerva, dearest to me of the gods. 
 Ye citizens of Cadmus, one must speak seasonable (words). 
 0, by the gods, yield, and be-wise*. 
 5 For she (it is who) has ruined ^ him, and brings him to 
 
 Troy. 
 Weighed-down20 ^yith rage (on account) of the arms of- 
 
 Achilles. 
 Directing the helm, not (^i)) lulling his eyelids to sleep. 
 Alas then (apa) for this wretched calamity g ! 
 But whv art thou thus dispirited, lady, at my present 
 (vvv) speech ? 
 10 He (is) master by the vaticinations of such-men. 
 
 For the daughter-of-Tyndaris is most fair in form. 
 
 Eteoeles, most excellent king of the Cadmeians. 
 Why, I pray, shouldest thou grieve when-all-is-over ? 
 
 1 am come, bringing clear (tidings) from the army from 
 
 thence (rctK-ttOfv). 
 15 Why, 1 pray thee {ri fioi tto/), stranger, dost thou groan 
 
 thus {rade) about me ? 
 For a city when-prospering honours the deities. 
 Every one both laughs and-mourns, in compliance with 
 
 the will of God (<tuv T<f ^e^). 
 I both demand-back the favour then (conferred), and I 
 
 implore thee. 
 For what should I live when thou art dead (§ 163.), my- 
 
 brother ? 
 20 She is called a mother, but in no respect resembles a 
 
 mother. 
 
68 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XLII. 
 Single lines. 
 
 But what thou oughtest to give-in-return, when I ask-it- 
 
 back (§ 163.). 
 Ares*, and Enyo, and blood-thirsty Fear. 
 Root-and-branch, as it seems, the race has been destroyed. 
 Each of them leads a band towards the gates ^. 
 5 Thou hast ruined (me) then (c/yr'), my brother !* 
 In vain, then, as it seems, we have come. 
 A prophet concealed beneath a hostile land ^. 
 Call nothing great ; seest thou not what calamity thou 
 
 art in? (iV il kukov ;)j" 
 If there shall be accomplisliment (fruit) in the oracles of 
 
 Loxias. 
 10 Snatch'*'' not my (the) child from my hands. 
 
 A friend*, who has met-with^'' such calamities. 
 
 Such are the inventions of those men. 
 
 And what-5ort-of face shall I show to my father when-I- 
 
 appear ^'^'^ ? 
 O Zeus, and Earth, and tutelary gods ! 
 15 Thou at least wert my mother's friend rather than mine 
 
 (/:d/ioi}}. 
 Assuredly (>] Irir) he would be justly false-to-his-name. 
 For it is impossible {ovk ay yivoiro) but that these things 
 
 should be so. 
 But all Troy bates (him) and these plains. 
 But lord with-lord and brother with-brother. 
 20 City, nurse, statf, guide of (my) way. 
 
 ♦ 5 KaalyvrjTov ndpa. Kdpa is frequent in these periphrastic vocatives; 
 as, S) Koivhv <wTddi\<pov 'laix-qvTji Kapa. 
 
 f Cf. is Toaovro novpias, to such a pitch of /(My; and in Latin ubi gen^ 
 tiunit &c. 
 
 • 
 
 i| 
 
 1 I 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 69 
 
 Exercise XLIII. 
 Single lines. 
 But leading us to the funeral-pile of Achilles. 
 Brin^intrP clear proofs of the-report. 
 She (is)°near thee ; look no-more in-any-other-direction. 
 This city hath escaped tlie yoke of-slavery. 
 5 Take courage ; an efficacious plan shall-be-found. 
 There is indeed (y.) much need for-me* to die-with (my) 
 
 daughter. 
 Most (things) are well in six (of the) gates. 
 O stranger, give' now, by the gods, some sign. 
 And though-thou-werr an excellent prophet, thou wert 
 
 long-ago in error". 
 10 Sueh (things) seemed-good to this magistracy of the- 
 
 Cadmeians. 
 
 As (A^rom) ivy to an oak^, (be sure) that (5™c) I wiU 
 
 cling to her (rn<rSf). 
 Is it quite needful to see' this palace ? 
 ■ ■ Such (things) thou maye.st (vrupa) rejoice-at and weep- 
 
 Sufflring wrong (.a.aic). with wrongs he retaliated. 
 15 O remembrance of the dearest of men to me. 
 
 Both the present and future calamities of the-sons-of- 
 
 Chilton », wives, and abodes of ancestral gods. 
 (Know) that if-I-can-help-it (^oSaa) I will not let-go 
 
 this' child (of mine). 
 Fi^ht, my-sons ; now (is) all at-stake. , .,, ^ ,. 
 
 20 Assuredly (.1) it is hard for one who speaks'-^ w.th-truth 
 (cS) to fail-entirely. 
 
70 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XLIV. 
 
 Crowned with supplicatory branches. 
 Filled I'f with ship-wrecks and corpses^ of men. 
 Yield to parents justly an«,'ered. 
 
 Thou answcrest rmicliP,hut tlie journey is being-delayed. 
 5 But that thou mayest know, I tell (thee) more clearly. 
 I heard the word, (and it was) by no means friendly, 
 liut if thou wilt do thisP, thou shalt praise me. 
 To all you Cadmeians I proclaim this p. 
 It appeared-good to the Argives in no doubtful way. 
 10 But thou, O wretched-woman, contend not with thy 
 betters <*. 
 
 But every ship was rowed in flight disorderly. 
 Hear, O-thou-Kemesis of him whu is lately dead 7*. 
 May he come»^' both as-a-saviour and a reliever of 
 disease ! 
 
 Thou mayest tell the sons^ of iEgyptus this?, when-thou- 
 hast-arrived^'. 
 15 Thou receivest then (^,)) the conclusion of my addresses. 
 Friends, I venerate the deities about the Nile. 
 Would tiiat I had first left 7 (this) life! 
 Him I bid to signify allP to me. 
 The men have died slain-by-each-other's-hands.* 
 20 Let (me) go^, let (me) go ! Whither shall I let (you) 
 go'> ? Let (me) go, I pray {iroriX 
 
 ^ • iKx^piv avroKr6uu>y. avrhs has a peculiar meaning in airroibSyos, 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 71 
 
 Exercise XLV. 
 
 Single lines. 
 
 Pitiable^ (art) thou, my child, and wretched woman I! 
 They struck * the salt-sea foam, by (U) word-of-command. 
 But there (in the house) of Hades 1 shall lie, apart-from- 
 thee. 
 
 cheerful light of the day of-vengeance. 
 
 5 Lisult ; for now thou hap|>enest to-be-prosperous."*". 
 Such (words) he spoke, with (utt') very desponding mind. 
 And-I-too intreat thee, even though* ((cat-Trtp-ojuwi.) I am' 
 
 a woman. 
 Alas ! what shall I do ? whither (go and) end my life ? 
 
 1 say that thou shalt look-upon the death ^ of Agjimeninon. 
 10 For the God of-himself sutficeth, when-he-willetli" to help. 
 
 Enviable (is the man) who (oortc) is fortunate in (j-It) 
 
 his-children. 
 Thou wouldest come, stranger, deserving of-obtain- 
 
 ing^ mucliCT. 
 
 For Atreus (is the) ruler of this land, this-man's 
 father. 
 
 But I am unholy, having slain my mother. 
 15 I shall a slave*", though-I-am' (sprung) from a father 
 who-was-free. 
 
 Just like {o^oiog — wairep) vapour, he appears-bright from 
 the tomb. 
 
 But by (TTpog) what man ^ is this remedy provided ? 
 
 The palace P breathes bloody-reeking murder. 
 
 For what reason dost thou send me away, Creon ? 
 20 But in a short word I will tell many (things) com- 
 pendiously. 
 
 * Kodirep, whether in one or two words, always takes a participle. 
 
 \\ 
 
 ^-.^^ 
 
 H^ 
 
 mti 
 
72 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XLVI. 
 Single lines. 
 
 Thou askest (things) which thou shalt gain ; for the favour 
 (accords) with my-desire. 
 
 The feast* of Thyestcs on (of) hi3-child's flesh^. 
 
 But we are deprived of actually (ye) fifty children. 
 
 But speedily all were manifest to be seen^. 
 5 Hephaestus, sending-forth a bright flash (from) Ida. 
 
 But (it is) to thee (that) the cessation of these evils be- 
 longs {jtivti) tlq). 
 
 But many (things) contribute to this dreads. 
 
 Tydeus, whom they say to be-the-son of CEneus {add 
 iraTpog). 
 
 But he neither delaying, nor overcome by sleep. 
 10 There is no easy escape from calamity. 
 
 O Polynices, I pray thee in-some-respect to hearken to 
 
 (be persuaded by^O) me. 
 The marriage (had) not (been) blamed by-us^ to this 
 
 day (etc TOC i/^/joac). 
 Report me (to be) the wretchedest of all (women). 
 To the Gods again, O lady, I will pray. 
 15 Know now well that this evil is not-yet (/xT/^fTrw) at-its- 
 
 crisis. 
 Thou shalt seem to be ((pvio'^) useless, and-not wise. 
 Have then {up') these (things) thus been determined by 
 
 thee^? 
 
 What new thing on-the-other-hand (av) is there, son of 
 
 Laius ? 
 How knowest thou? by what hast thou conjectured this ? 
 20 MoneyP finds friends for men. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 78 
 
 Exercise XLVH. 
 Single lines, 
 
 daughter wretched for- thy (of) untimely fate«f. 
 But these please (me) whom^ I ought most to please. 
 
 1 think an harmonious cry is rising-clear in the city. 
 Let-alone w hat-remains, for in-these-things (ravr) thou 
 
 art ever fortunate. 
 5 These (things) are not written on tablets. 
 But seeing (them) wounded^"™ (with) mortal wounds ^* 
 She lives, and shall close thine eye, when dead^'s^.f 
 We are undone'*, my-mother, and I pity thee. 
 Leave me* alone ; my son (is) deprived of thee (as) a 
 protector. 
 10 The light dashed"* above the lake Gorgopis. 
 
 o> 
 
 I admire thee ; thy calamity (is) at (iy) its-beginning 
 
 and -not-yet is-at-its-crisis. 
 Thou hast a warm heart over a cold-business ^p. 
 And both breathed-forth together their-wretched life. 
 Thou wastest words ; for thou wilt {ov-av-irore) never 
 
 persuade *'. 
 15 But dost thou (>)) think that-thou-art-come ^ to a city of 
 
 women ? 
 Alone I will join battle with my kinsman. 
 Ah me ! I faint, and my limbs totter. 
 He is not so foolish, as to wish (who wishes) to die. 
 AYhat sayest thou ? What man {rig avdpCjy) was it who- 
 
 dared •*' this p ? 
 20 But I myself-also share-in this calamity «. 
 
 • See Wordsworth's Greek Grammar, §. 140. f Id. §. 150. Obs. 
 
 E 
 
74 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XL VIII. 
 Singh lines. 
 
 But the people' of Minerva, wlio {uaoc) lie dead, (are) 
 
 enough. 
 But I will not permit 4^ {with tiv*) thee to inhabit the- 
 
 land. 
 She is near thee, with (having) her-backP upon the 
 
 ground. 
 
 Thou concealest some evil, and hidest (it) in (i-ao) dark- 
 ness **. 
 5 But where (is) CEdipus, and the famous riddles ? 
 
 But what is it old man? grudge not to telH (me). 
 
 Art thou vexed in thy (the) ears, or in (eVi) thy mind?. 
 
 It is impossiblef that thou shouldest honour 3" this dead- 
 body. 
 
 Convey thyself, Antigone, within the palaceP. 
 10 (Is) not this the wife of the greatly-blessed Priam ? 
 
 And then it dashes on (cic) this roof of the Atridae. 
 And fare-ye-well, for already is darkness enfolding me. 
 Old fall-short of-new alliances. 
 
 I will not say*' {loith av ye) speak evil (words) over thy 
 good-fortunes'^. 
 15 He who does (the deed) pains thy mind, but I thy ears. 
 But the first and the last in-the-running {^pafxior) holds- 
 
 the-/?rst-})lace. 
 And the two sons of Atreus and the Achaean people. 
 I will tell thee ; and do thou obey ^^ the prophet. 
 But thou therefore fearest me, lest thou shouldst suffer 
 something harsh. 
 20 First ifiep) thou dost notknow^ that-thou-arf a stranger ^2. 
 
 * See Kule 16. b. 
 
 t On the constructions of Sttws, see Jelfs Greek Grammar, § 805. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 75 
 
 Exercise XLIX. 
 
 Single lines. 
 
 She lies, polluting her unhappy head in dust. 
 By-how-much good-advice is the best of possessions. 
 We are utterly-undone' ; we suffer unexpected (things), 
 0-queen. 
 
 That thou mayest bury'* thy dead daughter, lady. 
 5 \\ hat shall I (j) yap) ever live to marry (living marry) 
 thy son ^ ? 
 
 Ye shall not find them drinking beer. 
 
 Behold, touch an aged-w^oman with thy dearest hand. 
 
 Thou art undone, my son, snatched 20 from thy-raother. 
 
 Behold, touch with thy hand thy dead children. 
 10 Thou dishonourest this land of Pelasgian men, 
 
 (= This land which thou dishonourest belongs to Pelas- 
 gian men.) 
 
 I will clearly signify (it) to Agamemnon's wife. 
 
 Thou sawest the daring-deed, which he reproached (us 
 witii). 
 
 I am ashamed to be called a slave, when-I-am'" a queen. 
 
 I wish not in-return to speak ill of the prophet*. 
 15 For I weep, bemoaning the misfortune of this house. 
 
 O dearest, at least (aXXa — ye) I will embrace thy mouth. 
 
 So-muchP he spake ; and all the host prayed-after-him. 
 
 \Vild beasts and mortal-men harm him in-some-degree (-t). 
 
 With-many other chastisements of his-father. 
 20 For the whole race of-prophets is avaricious. 
 
 E 2 
 
•^6 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise L'. 
 Single lines. 
 Receive at-my-hands (^ot) these appeasing libations. 
 Bring me near, mother, that I may touch thee^. 
 But now may there be a happy deliverance from-evils. 
 Be silent, ye Achieans, in silence let all the people be. 
 5 If (»» ye say'' anything to-please (vrpoc x"P*»^) ^^^ "^o^*^' 
 For one ought not at-all (n) to say things-pleasing to 
 
 the ears (yt). 
 He stood upon the summit of the mound, and near 
 
 (him) I. 
 But ye alK with beloved attendants. 
 Be witness my-steel, and sword that-has-heard-my-oath. 
 10 What, I pray (c/^a), (is the) second-thing (that) thou 
 
 wishest to learn of- me. 
 
 I know the assemblage of the nightly stars. 
 
 But wilt thou banish me, and-in-/?o-way respect my- 
 
 prayers ? 
 Thou wast not then (cV) ayiilse-prophet, but a true-one. 
 
 Safe, guarded in my palace?. 
 15 Take 7 many chiefs, sons of iEgyptus. 
 
 It gives-one-5pirits to dwell-in a well-built house^P. 
 
 Behold, I let-off Hermionc from slaughter. 
 
 I know not ; thou shalt signify this by thine-own speech. 
 
 Well (aXV), it shall be well completed, and I shall obey 
 thy words. 
 20 A wise prophet thou, but loving injustice (to-injure). 
 
 EXSBGISES. 
 
 77 
 
 Exercise LI. 
 
 Single lines. 
 
 None of the Achaeans (is) within, but we alone. 
 
 But what again is this trouble of the kings (that) thou 
 
 art-come with (bearing) ? 
 I will go ; but I was a fool long-since listening to thee?. 
 It has been taken, as the-fire-signal clearly {irpiTZEi) tells''. 
 5 And he will kill us with curses, if {nv) he succeeds. 
 Private houses of captive women. 
 I say-so ; he is dead, just now /resh-killed. 
 I will send (some one) to fetch 3- Tirgsias hither, Creon. 
 Soon by my-servants' hand thou shalt be thrust-out by 
 
 force. 
 10 We will pray (them) to save* this city. 
 
 Thou shalt learn a joy greater than-thou-couldest-hope 
 
 (than hope) to hear. 
 Is the gold here ? but what (is) the sign ? 
 And who is-the-killer, and who lies (here)? speak. 
 Lead thou to the front ; (we) must not delay. 
 15 For my son too {te) has perished, dying-for his-country. 
 By-all-means, by-means-of thee at-least ; for thou art a 
 
 pious man. 
 O prophet, how truly then (V) ^ast thou accomplished ^ 
 
 thy (the)-saying. 
 Joy creeps-secretly-over me*, calling-forth^ a tear. 
 What need is there, pray, of the presence of these children ? 
 20 My disposition was by-no-means tyrannical. 
 
 E 3 
 
78 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise LIL 
 
 Single lines. 
 
 Not yet hast thou given, but perhaps thou shalt give 
 satisfaction. 
 
 But dost thou {■KUTtpa) regard the visions of dreams as 
 
 convincing ? 
 O fatherland, how much I now remember thee«. 
 O father, in what misfortunes do we wretched lie ! 
 5 And in truth {^})v) thou at-least dost not-yet know (how) 
 
 to be prudent. 
 O daughter, the life of thy brothers is ended (tp^u.) 
 Heard ye, my friends ^ the wail of the Thracian man ? 
 Ah me ! Zeus ^nows-full-wcll this thing (word). 
 Deprived 20 of two children in this day. 
 10 My-friends, new calamities have been wrought within the 
 
 palace P. 
 
 But in (fiV) all (things) thou hast been 7 unfortunate, 
 father. 
 
 Alas, alas ! what a great evil for mankind (mortals) (is) 
 love P. 
 
 My child, Antigone, come-forth before the palace P. 
 This man {b^hvijp), O lady, shall be unburied. 
 15 Smite », spare not {tir)Uy\ striking-out the doors. 
 
 How (is it that thou) dost not fear, uttering such words? 
 How I mourn thee, more than the dead p. 
 Being in fact (3^)) suspected of (having caused) the fall 
 of-Troy. 
 
 But the Achajans knowing 7 that one of-the-sons-of-JViam 
 was alive'. 
 
 20 Dreadful, dreadful (art) thou, and art coming (gVi) to 
 dreadful sufferings \ 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 79 
 
 Exercise LIH. 
 
 Single lines. 
 
 But it is needful for us to regard (look to, Trpoc) one soul ». 
 What dost thou design, I pray (Trore) ? where art thon, 
 pray ? Wretch (that) I (am) I 
 
 much (xoXXa) hated 20 handicraft ! 
 
 But for Agamemnon's sake, to kill my son. 
 5 Woman, silence is (brings) an ornament to women. 
 For no-one is free, except Zeus. 
 Hades is enriched with groans and lamentations. 
 And seize an opportunity for thissp, whatever (is) quickest. 
 
 1 am used to the race of-women. 
 
 10 For my children (re), and my-mother earth, my-dearest 
 nurse '^. 
 
 This work assuredly {In) is-being-completed, and-does- 
 
 not {kov) delay. 
 Either being a relation, or having some excuse. 
 But hear me where-you-are ((53'), for here (rjfOf) I too 
 
 will speak. 
 And fearing 4f a greater calamity for-family and for-city. 
 15 O dearest^ Ajax", O person {opfi) kindred to me ! 
 Taking him in (a^4>0 his-handsd, with mighty strength. 
 Thou seest a sight /mrd-to-look-on with the eyes. 
 Both Priam was living, and the spear of Hector flourish. 
 
 ing2. 
 
 Teucer is-here, just (come) from Mysia. 
 20 He entered with many charioteers. 
 
 E 4 
 
80 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Exercise LIY. 
 Siiigle lines, 
 
 O Zeus, may he who is the cause of these evils not 
 
 escape-thy-notice ".* 
 Pray (that tliose things may) be accomplished, which^ 
 
 my heart loves. 
 But we-ourselves are plundered within by ourselves. 
 Ah! ah ! (ai'a7), rrometht-us, 1 •jjroan-tor thy pains. 
 5 The man hath perished, IVucer, be-sure-otf this*. 
 Now be right- well suref that I am ashamed of this P. 
 Such things thou wilt-be-sure-to-liave (roi-f ai/ exoiq\ if- 
 
 thou-dwellest-witlr women. 
 Ah me! what wilt thou say? what (5 yop) is-he any 
 
 where near ? 
 It is a man's care, let not woman contrive-it. 
 U) JMy friends {avcpiq <^/\oi), tirst-of-all 1 wish to report '». 
 
 I know\ and-nothing can I (£x<^) reply to thisP. 
 Swearing by force to plunder the city of the Cadmeians. 
 Fi)r I-aiii-going where (tKi'ta, oiroi) 1-must-go. 
 For he is clever at finding 7* escapes evenfrom inex- 
 tricable-dithculties. 
 15 Thou art said and thought to have recovered -» our pros- 
 
 perity Qjioi). 
 And I cannot' (icith a.) look-at thee^ straight in the 
 
 face (with straight eyes). 
 But where is Ajax {add ii^ty = cAn we find), that I may 
 
 tell (him) thisP. * 
 Man, and woman, and-whatever is between these (rJiv). 
 I see this-man getting his deserts. 
 20 To his enemies a at all events (ye ptVroi), not to his 
 
 friends'* may he do some (harm). 
 
 * Tlie second aorist optative is the favourite tense for expressing 
 
 wishes. 
 
 J See Rule 35. 
 
 Ife 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 81 
 
 Exercise LV. 
 Single lines. 
 Thou wilt give trouble, lady, as it seems (thou seemest). 
 (He is) not within, but lately has gone^ away. 
 Are not these great evils to hear of from {rrpk) slaves ^ . 
 For not vulgar'^ the art^ I have acquired^. 
 5 Behold ye what (ola) I a god suffer at-the-hands-of (Trpoc) 
 
 the gods*. ,, , 
 
 Do not then (rir) dishonour the-gods, being saved by- 
 
 the-gods<^. 
 Such penalties pay I for-my-errorss. 
 
 But the-gods guard these (things) both of-old and for- 
 
 the-future. 
 These words are full of much folly. 
 10 Which («£)no mortal shall keep his breath and-look-on . 
 
 But come (eF), Electra, set-fire-to this palace«P 
 
 And I see neither (.oilri) generals, nor admirals. 
 
 He hated » one-who-hated-him' ; and tliou too didst know 
 
 Menetaus, cease", with (having) a mind exasperated. 
 15 Avaunt, O foolish-woman, and rid^ me of-my-pams. 
 He was said^ to turn a bloody hand upon h.s-enemies*. 
 land of the-Danai, and dwellers in (of) horse-tammg 
 
 Argos. 
 In-open-air, being fastened with chains. 
 The anger of divine Minerva, as he spake-and said. 
 20 We women are the most wretched of mortals. 
 
 E 5 
 
82 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 » 
 
 Exercise LVL* 
 Line and a part 
 
 It is grievousP (fxiv) to me to judge-of other men's evils,* 
 But still it is necessary. || Now everyone embraces me, 
 Now those that want thee^f Hatter me. — 
 Of-what-kind ? what didst-thou-know ^^-^ concerning this 
 
 matter, 
 5 (That) thou spakest^? || To proclaim battle for the 
 
 Argives, 
 If we shall appear everywhere base (sons) of Teucer. 
 But either honourably to live, or honourably to die, 
 Becomes the nobly-born. |{ And from him (rou ci) 
 
 Labdacus 
 They say was born*^, and from him (jovIe) Laius. 
 fO How then shall I escape"'' the blame, so-as-not-to-commit- 
 
 injustice {^i) 'ciktTi), judging'* thee? 
 I cannot* (^with av). \\ Was it not he who did these 
 
 (things), 
 Whom you say has nowhere set foot against (the foe) 
 
 (^avfjiloijyai TroCt). 
 
 But this aflfiiir falling^ on me unexpectedly. 
 
 Has destroyed' my life. {{ VV^ho manifestly with the gods 
 15 Am hateful, and the army of the Greeks hates me. — 
 
 Assuredly (if ^u/i^) Zeus one day, althoughf his thoughts 
 are selfwilled. 
 
 Shall be (brought)-low. |1 Shall I not be rid2» 
 
 Of anger ? What aileth me, when the gods provide well ? 
 {(/en, abs.) 
 
 Haughty-in-cxpression and full of pride. 
 
 Is the speech. || And Lain? my husband, 
 21 Desires to tind-out (learn ^) the child who-was-exposed^o. 
 
 * The two parts, divided thus j], together exactly make up a Se- 
 narius, 
 
 f See note oa Exercise XLV. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 83 
 
 I 
 
 Exercise LVIL* 
 
 Line and a part. 
 
 For thisP shall not help him, so as not {ro ^i) ov) 
 
 To fall dishonourably. \\ Do not, by adding (giving) to 
 
 evil an evil 
 
 Remedy, make {ridrtfjn) the misery greater than the ca- 
 lamity. — 
 
 But I, ending f the strife, persuaded^ one-son to come 
 5 Ufider-truce to-the-other-son. 1| I mean Casandra, 
 
 Since Zeus hath made^ thee possessed of sense p. 
 
 Both enjoyment of gold is-gone, and thy sons, 
 
 And thyself farest thus. || But them \vhen-bound«» 
 
 He-fell-upon-and^'^ mutilated in the folds, as men.— 
 10 The strange-maiden seems a clear interpreter 
 
 To want. II For-some-one» to open the bolts and to 
 
 show 
 To all the Cadmeians the parricide. 
 
 These-two^ some contest, as I seemed 2 to see. 
 Commence together (eV aXX^Xcumy)- \\ But I know that 
 we are Jiying -from'' 
 15 The land\ and are-in-wanf^ of friends. — 
 The gold, if thou wishest' to tell the-truthP, 
 Slew* my son. 1| But happens somehow 
 My son (Edipus to-discover^ the enigma of the Sphinx.— 
 But thou-who-inhabitest- the bright regions of heaven, 
 Zeus, save us and the-city.H And 1 invoke at the same 
 
 time „ 
 
 21 Hermes the Conductor beneath-the-earth to lull me well 
 
 to sleep. 
 
 * The Greek of ^ords in Italics is to be transposed from the first to 
 
 the second line, and vice veraa. 
 
 £ 6 
 
 I^Ml 
 
 Nfil 
 
 \mm 
 
I 
 
 84 
 
 PRAXIS IAMBIC A. 
 
 Exercise LVIII. 
 
 Line and a part 
 
 But (arap) tell me this, having-turned-back again, 
 How-great {tcucjov n) was the number of the-ships. — 
 
 II But it is not fit to suffer 
 The same-man always to-be {t^adlara^ai^^) unfortunate.— 
 For the Hellenic arm?/ happens to-be-moving'. — 
 5 ||A herald from the Athenian army 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 85 
 
 Comings told^ thy son Xerxes d these (things). — 
 
 And to me may come 7'' evil blame, as a slave <*, 
 
 But to thee as a queen d. |1 Was it (^irdrepa) to-ally-him- 
 
 self to 3' any-one*. 
 Or being a relation, or what reason had he''? — 
 10 And then the hard-mouthed colts of the ^nianian man 
 Carry (him) violently. || Of the Corinthian land 
 To be 10 the head (ra Trpwr') with my brothers. 
 
 Know (fxey av) clearly that as far as numbers are con- 
 cerned {ttXiiOuvq euirt) the Barbarians 
 Would-have-had-the-/>est^ in ships. \\ Teucer, not with 
 a single vote take-and (Xu^mv) kill me, 
 15 But with a twofold-one, both mine and thine. 
 But my son falls, and his father stands-by, 
 Darius, pitying him (<T0f)- II ^^'^^^^' ^^^^^" flourished^ 
 Troy, and around the tower guarded still the city.* — 
 Having married^ a royal- nuiiden, and brothers for viy 
 
 children 
 Begetting. || For owing-to (t\a) her daring, 
 21 Deprived of-my-father, I became the murderer of my 
 • mother. 
 
 ♦ See Rule 35., adhnem. 
 
 Exercise LIX. 
 
 Line and a part* 
 
 Strophius the Phocian having enquired and made-clear 
 The way. \\ How deserted ^ shall I be saved 21, 
 Brotherless, fatherless, friendless, if thou diest^? — 
 Like a wild-beast, I pursue the blood-stained dogs^, 
 5 Groping-along all the-wall^ || Nor, as {bizo~C) a man 
 Who-is-wise, does he guess new (things) by the old. — 
 O dearest of men, Priam, and dearest thou, 
 Hecuba, I weep, when-I-look-upon' thee^lJThisP is 
 
 so. 
 But tell me this, glad (to hear)', if {tUep) thou knowest.— 
 
 10 Short and clear the tale, Argives^ in race 
 
 We boast ourselves. |1 (Know that) Menelaus {iiiv) 
 
 prospers, 
 But that thy father, and I, and-thy-sister are ill. 
 
 But now, knowing nothing, I came^* where I came, 
 And suffered 2 fearful (things). H For I know many 
 
 mortals ^, 
 15 Who-have-becomei2T base, nothing wronged 7.— 
 
 Who coming-to the land^ of.Hellas% not the statues of 
 
 the gods ^ 
 
 Feared to rifle. || would I that I then (^») yap ow) 
 
 should live no longer, 
 Unless I-can-c]raw3 my dark sword against (V=£7ri) 
 
 herd!— j, • • 
 
 For 1 am come holy (Ipoc, " -), pious, and brmgmg 
 Help to these citizens || 1 wretched am undone, 
 21 For my-enemies let forth every rope. 
 
86 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 S) 
 
 Exercise LX. 
 
 Line and a part. 
 
 Not now for the first time, but oftentimes, Creon, 
 Keport has hurt* me. \\ And on-her-head'i a shady 
 Thessalian hat covers lier face (her the face).* — 
 My child Eteocles, not evils all-together to old age 
 5 Are attached. || And such a calamity 
 Thou mayest(7rapa rxoc) groan in-addition-to (Trpoe) the 
 
 former-one ^. — 
 Think not, I pray {\ioC) that from pride or {\inV^ obstinacy 
 I am silent. || lie rushed at once to the-bridal 
 BedP, tearing his hair with both hands. — 
 10 But if I drove them from palace p and city 
 When-thou-camest^' a stranger. — 
 
 For / hear-of the present '^ 
 Wretched misfortunes after (eV) the former-ones. 
 
 Exercise LXI. 
 
 Line and a part. 
 
 Groping-for all the-wall% like a huntsman, 
 S.triking, knocking. || But I foretel to thee, 
 Thou shalt die; this word (that) has been spoken (is) 
 
 true. — 
 Yea moreover (/cat ju»/i') number, most excellent of con- 
 trivances. 
 5 I discovered '" for them. |1 And in many other (respects) he 
 
 is happy, 
 And it is allowed him to do and say what? he chooses. — 
 Ajax (/i£j') in-no-respect seems to have-the-worst, 
 Nor-the (xw) son of Tydeus. \\ Must 1 then (ap« f^^'* 
 
 TTajoa) groan 
 Losing such a partner^ in-thee (crt'Otr)? — 
 10 Zeus, Zeus, be-thou^* the beholder of these things, 
 
 And save the wretched-one. |1 But, as quickly as pos- 
 sible {odov Tttxoc), 
 Go ye within, after-having-kissed' {dual) the throne p 
 
 of-your-fathers. 
 
 The greatest {^iv) (thing was), if any one happened- to- 
 falF' into disease, 
 
 There was no help. {| For well I know that 
 15 Ye are all ill with an incurable disease {ace. cogn.), — 
 
 Immediately taking ^"P^ swords from-their-garments some- 
 where. 
 
 They stab my-children. {| Learn all things in-a-word, 
 
 All arts for mortals (come) from Prometheus. — 
 
 But to him (thus) raging some-one of the gods shows (a 
 sword) « 
 
 For it was no man en?. || To die appeared'* to me 
 21 Tlic best; no one will gainsay my-designs '^. 
 
 ♦ AVhen the part and the whole affected are put in the same case, it 
 is called in grammar — (rxrjua Ka& oKov Koi Kara fxfpos ' as, & €TV\|*e fiip 
 xeTpct. In Tpwas 5c rp6fios eAAa^e 7uta iKaaroy, the distributive makes a 
 third accusative. 
 
 r 
 
 No man of-bravery thinks-it-right secretly 
 To slay his (the) enemy. || For I shall not endure 
 15 To see" the companions of my wife. — 
 
 Such things thou mayest (Trapttrrtv) to-gain-for-thyself ^^ 
 
 from me, 
 Bestowing and receiving kindnesses.* \\ What (5), art 
 
 thou the-raan (he) 
 Who savedst^ this-man and me from many toils ? — 
 () king Apollo, propitious hear them^ {dual), 
 And me besides them, jl Will-ye-not, as quickly aa 
 
 possible, 
 12 Cast him out somewhere {ttoi, with gen.) in desert 
 
 islands ? 
 
 * e5 5pa»/, to bestow a kindness ; cS irdcx^iv, to receive a hindncsa. 
 
88 
 
 PRAXIS UMBICA. 
 
 t* 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 89 
 
 Exercise LXII. 
 Line and a part 
 
 sons, saviours of the home of my- father, 
 
 Be silent, lest (oVu^c ^»/) some one hear^o. || Q friends, 
 May we be^^', with God's help {rrhv ^e<^), his-savioursi — 
 May they, flourishing in freedom-of-speech, inhabit 
 5 The city of renowned Athens. |1 But I tell you pub- 
 
 licly, that ^ 
 
 1 incur (have) the greatest blame, owing to them^ (vTro).— 
 And indeed I would not {^^ovl' ar) by grieving thee a 
 
 little, choose 
 Myself f to fnuU great gain. || Since (yap) we found^ not 
 The man on his-couchP, we failed ^ of-our-hopes — 
 10 To speak and listen^ in turn is-in-my-;?ower, 
 
 And-no-one shall repel me, till-I-do-so (before). || Do I 
 
 (»]) clearly see 
 Menelaus' daughter here (rZ/vct), queen of-the-palaceP ? 
 
 Grecian men, fellow-traders-with Menelaus, 
 Approached' the shores. || Him from Troy to me 
 15 His father Priam gives, to nurture in-the-palace.— 
 
 aged-man, who formerly didst sack 7 the city of the 
 
 Taphians, 
 Heading-an-expedition. || As about-tO'tell-op-^. ^ 
 The concealed^^ sepulchres of Priam's-sons in Ilium.— 
 But dreadful threats, and m-urder against each other 
 VVas-just-arising9, as is wont. || And it would have 
 
 e7lded {reXevTuXTa eylyrero TrXr^y//) 
 21 In blows at last, nor was there one (6) to-hinder-it 3* 
 
 present. 
 
 
 II 
 
 V' 
 
 I', 
 
 Exercise LXIII. 
 
 Line and a part 
 He kiUed-him, but though («) he chosej to km 
 He deemed him not «.orthy of-a-tomb. \\ Coming 
 
 to-his-homeP, 
 The wretched Thyestes found '^f^^^'l^^—,^^ 
 
 applied it J. ^ ^ be» a 
 
 To the-colts« together. |1 He was 
 
 coward, 
 Comin-' contrary-to my designs.— 
 
 10 AnTa report of thisP, into the Ach»an host 
 Com.n"', destroyed me'. \\ But when I came" 
 To PhAiaa, I nirry the slayerP of Hector.- 
 
 Be-it-so! what (W.) beginning of evils am-I-to-tell thee 
 ^^^*' s :in 5 UT^nt hv strencrth must-one-conquer 
 
 tend) about beauty, ^^ ^^^. 
 
 To the hiding-place of Ida (Idiean;, lo v f / 
 
 ander*. — .„ -i^^ 
 
 Adrastus swore thisP to his ^J^^^^^tZl^^^^ II But 
 To reinstate 3 them-both in (ec) their tattier n 
 
 she is within niisfortunes of-her-familyP. 
 
 21 Bewailing her sister, and the mision 
 
 fk I 
 
 firiiiMifMirtigniWiirm'ii 
 
 itniilsliiiifliitfiunirimiiitiifl 
 
90 
 
 PRAXIS lAJklBICA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 91 
 
 Exercise LXIV. 
 
 Line and a part. 
 
 Now therefore I wish to give ^ libations to-my-brother, 
 Present^ to-him-absent. {| But sometimes from the 
 
 couch P 
 She leaps at-fuU-speed, like a colt from the yoke. — 
 But of this P I have no {oh irapeari) assurance, nor know 
 (have) I what to-say'', 
 5 Pouring^out this sacred-mixture. ||But in-sooth going 
 To the bulwarks ■ of the Trojans, joining-battle unassisted 
 
 (^fxovoq fxoroig). — 
 O most foolish, and deprived of sense P, 
 What do ye? |{ Tantaleius, going ^ to Pisa 
 With swift horses, marries the daughter of CEnomuus.— 
 10 Thou i^ev) going ^, whenever (or av) opportunity in- 
 duces thee. 
 Within this' house P. |1 But hostile though I be', 
 As many s are-present ''s, I report but;/ew evils. 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Exercise LXY. 
 Li?ie and a part 
 
 , /T " ..-'> T fall at (ctiidu") thy knee*. 
 
 But why g'«P -- j „fL1 aUeast iLpp)-, , 
 i'^rni i. any ine^ ele (is so), a «ost unhappy 
 
 And°"eei;;^^ (them), he .houts, " Hail, strangers, who ? 
 Ana seeiiv v- " .„o|iTlinii knowcst, where (irou 
 5 Whence are-you-journeying? \\ 1 liou knowcsr, v 
 
 ^or) thou art in-thy-speech8P, , , „f 
 
 Thou art aheaay «ad>^ even before thou-wert-out-of 
 
 PylaTe"?we~hall die, but how we shall die 
 
 Let us see-. || But immediately the one (., f-e") to her 
 
 KuSdtbAtother to her (the) newly-(n.arned) hus- 
 10 But t'li^ve some hope, that for (i.') a prosperous mar- 
 
 1 at'come to-lead-the-6ride. 1| In time instructed (learn- 
 
 Bot'lf tllu thyself Shalt be, and thy fellow-traders (and- 
 the f. t. of-thee). 
 
 " Thou first, Zeus, for {Ka\ yap) it-is-fit, assist 4.** 
 Thus-spake^ the propliet. |{ But now an-old-woman, and 
 childless at-the-same-time, 
 
 15 Citiless, deserted, most miserable of mortals. — 
 O Son of melodious mother, one « of the Muses, 
 And the Thracian River Strymon. — || But thy body 
 Imitated 20 shall be laid-out^^ on {kv) the bed P. — 
 AVith (having) this art (fi£r) always thou dost serve 
 Both the city and-me. \ For thine (was) the forethought, 
 
 21 And from thy hand I received'^ the cup. 
 
 I cannot (with ^v) without him {rovle) avenge 
 ATv children ^ 11 For hy^hidding''' a stranger 
 15 "Sjtt^P^ iu has't confounded^ all these (thmgs).- 
 There is nothing better than a wise fnend 
 Not riches, not supreme-power. H But one musi 
 
 wt"h5Sed- his-life in pleasant prosperity.- 
 O sons, O saviours of your-father s hearth. 
 Be silent all. H But if the gods a better 
 21 Judgment have, happy should 1 be. 
 
92 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 93 
 
 Exercise LXVL 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 We however {^kv oly) leave and do not touch (it) ; 
 But thou delavest, so that I wonder*. — 
 For forsaking" his own children, and my mistress 
 Jason will-enjoy a royal raarriageP. — 
 5 Which, pray (7rdr«poc cip'), of you here is called 
 Bij-name (oi'o/ia^w^^-) Pylades ? This I wish first to 
 
 learn. — 
 Ah ! (iw) paternal soil of Argive land, 
 In this light of the tenth year 1 am-come^'* to-thee*. — 
 But the-light garments, the-gifts of thy children, 
 10 Ate-into^ the white flesh of the unhappy-one^. 
 
 " 
 
 
 What sayest-thou? Hast thou done^^ this' deed, as- 
 thou-art-said ? 
 
 Hecuba, didst thou dare this inconceivable daring ? — 
 
 I-cried-aloud (^\if.v) long-since, through (vro) joy, 
 
 When tlie first nightly messenger of fire came. — 
 15 When leaving' this royal palaceP, 
 
 The daughter of Zeus set-otf 22 towards the sea. — 
 
 O light, O four-horsed gleam of the sun, 
 
 earth, and night, which (/>) I used-to-look-on® for- 
 merly. — 
 
 But these children, thinking nothing 
 20 Of evilP, are coming-forth, ceasing ^7 from runningP. 
 
 Exercise LXVH. 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 Thou sayest (words) soft to hear, but within the mindP 
 I have a horror, lest thou shouldst^ plan some evil.— 
 Thou art-softening, but my self-willed-obstinacy 
 And harshness of temper cast not in my-teeth.— 
 5 I ask, supplicate, beseech, be^* a propitious 
 Defender to us in these designs^.— 
 What, I pray {h^}, are-we-to-do% Ulysses? for wo 
 
 found 7 not , 
 
 The man on (i^-tbe-couchP, and we failed in (ol) our- 
 
 hopes. — 
 We are undone ^^ ; standing-by ^^ these gates, 
 10 Listen, what a tumult arises {Trirvec) in the palace?. 
 
 unfortunate Polymestor, who hath destroyed thee ? 
 Who hath blinded^ thine eye, stainiug-with-61ood thy- 
 
 eye -balls. — 
 
 1 am an Argive ; for this thou vvishest to learn ; 
 
 But for what (e^* olai) I am come, and from whom, I 
 
 wish to say. — , , . 
 
 15 Hear thou {oIto,)1 I tell thee not to help-in -carrying 
 
 in-thy-hands*^ 
 This corpse, but to leave it as it is (t'x")-— 
 Do-not, by thy-beard, conceal-it from thy fellow-slave ; 
 For /will keep (W0i;/it^o) silence concerning these things, 
 
 if necessary. — 
 And-/-for-my-part hid-you fear my oracles 
 20 And those of Zeus, nor to render them fruitless. 
 
94 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise LXVIII. 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 But when a man is tired associating-with those within 
 
 (his house), 
 Goinj;7 out he-puts *-a-stop-to the disgust of his heart.— 
 My sons, we-must be-vvise ; and ye have come with a wise 
 Faitliful old-man here (rwcc), a ship-master<*, a father^. — 
 5 Teucer forbade the man to-yo-out of the house, from- 
 within, 
 Until {iTfnv ivith rv^oi) he himself should happen"* to be 
 
 pre.-ent". — 
 Thou art persuading me ; for I see that thou foretellest 
 
 many 
 And not false (things) ; and say what we-must do. — 
 She advances trembling in her limbs, and scarce gets-in- 
 time, 
 10 By falling-on the scatP, to-save-herself-from (juv) falling^* 
 on-the-ground. 
 
 For that god who (whosoever of the gods) makes (ti' 
 
 Orjfjii) him prosperous 
 Preserves him ; but we must not do-violence-to for- 
 tune*. — 
 Dost-tliou-see ? thou art wise indeed, but though-wise'' 
 
 thou dost not choose 
 Both to benefit tliy-children, and to save thy-own life. — 
 15 I know well that-thou wouldst-wish-it^* {with av). But 
 
 how {ttov) (is) this? 
 It is impossible for the dead to come to life (light, 
 
 again) — 
 Theseus asks you, as a favour* (irpoc X'^P**') ^'^ bury the 
 
 dead p. 
 And to consider {Tidi]f.ii^^) the whole people of the sons- 
 
 of-Erechtheus as-friendiy. — 
 What! hast thou {i] yap) destroyed'^ the-Thracian, and 
 
 hast-thou-power-over the stranger^, 
 20 ]Mistress^ and hast thou done^ the very deeds which (ola 
 
 Trep) thou sayest ? 
 
 EXERC1SK8. 
 
 95 
 
 
 Exercise LXIX. 
 Two lines. 
 But may we sail prosperously to our country, and pros^ 
 
 perously the atFairs of (in) our-homes 
 Find (see-) to be (txovr), being-freed-from the evils.— 
 JNIayest thou be happy, and may the lather who begat 
 
 thee 
 Save-tiiee ; for thou and thou alone {av yap h)) didst- 
 
 restore* me-and-mine {rafx*). — 
 C What then ? hast thou married* my sister? 
 
 1 know-it myself-too, but a certain love leads me on.— 
 Be-of-good-courage ; for assuredly {yaproi) preserving 
 
 the light of justice. 
 Thou wilt escape 7* {with a*r) many (calumnious) words 
 
 of men. — 
 But they say of-us*, that a safe life 
 10 We live in the house?, but they fight with the spear. 
 
 I know not how to say" that thou art well advisedi7. 
 Nevertheless take^'^-and save this woman for me.— 
 But not thou me, but I thee the younger, 
 Old-woman (though I be), citiless, childless, bury a 
 
 wretched corpse.— ^ -r., , a 
 
 15 But entering^ the palace I will enqmre-of Phc^bus* 
 Whether I am (born) of a mortal father, or ot Loxias.— 
 But ihou sayest that thou didst willingly- kill this man, 
 And alone- didst plan this lamentable murder.— 
 But I will go out-of-the-z^ay, and will stand-aloof ^ 
 20 From this redoubtable Thracian'i while-boiling with 
 
 rage. 
 
 * See Rule 44. e. 
 
96 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 ExEIlCISE LXX. 
 
 Two lines, 
 
 I will tell tbee clearly all thou wisliest to learn, 
 
 Not weaving riddles, but with plain speech.— 
 
 Dare*, O foolish-man, dare at last (ttote) 
 
 To be wise, with reference to (Trpot) thy (the) present 
 
 misfortunes *. — 
 5 A fourth besides, in-charge-of (having) the-neighbouring 
 
 gates, 
 Stands-by with much crowd, and shouting — 
 How sayest^-thou? for not all the-army of the barbarians 
 Crosses the Strait of Hello, from Europe.— 
 How then? what wilt thou do? wilt-thou (Trorepa), a 
 
 sword in thy aged hand 
 10 Taking^^ kill the barbarian chief? 
 
 Many princes, sons of Egypt, soon 
 
 Ye-shall-see, take-heart, ye-shall-not-have-to-speak-of 
 
 {ovK ipiir) anarchy. — 
 The strange-maiden seems a clear interpreter 
 To need ; and her manner is like (that) of a new-caught 
 t^?ild-animal. — 
 15 Outside, I-bid-thee, this palace? speedily 
 Go-ye, quit the-oracular recesses «. 
 But why (rt /i' av) have-ije-roused me miserable^, but- 
 
 lately ceasing^^ 
 From wearisome evils, from my-seat? 
 Thou, be sure (rot), namest him, not I ; for (it is) thou 
 (who) doest 
 20 The deed ; but deeds find^ their expressionP. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 97 
 
 Exercise LXXI. 
 
 Tivo lines. 
 
 But I see Creon also, king of this land, 
 
 Approaching, a messenger of new designs. — 
 
 But thee, dear Hector, I had (as) a husband, powerful 
 
 for me 
 In wisdom, race, and great in wealth, and courage. — 
 5 0-thou who hast-come at-last {yjpovLog tkQiijv) to the arms 
 
 (hands) of thy wife ! 
 What {iroiaQ) wife ? Touch '"»' not my garments. — 
 Thy child, O unhappy one (o-u), they intend 
 To kill, whom thou didst-get-secretly-conveyed'"* out of 
 
 thy-palace p. — 
 O victorious maidens of jMycenne (Mvk-t/j'/^cc), 
 10 To all his-friends I announce Orestes as-victorious. 
 
 But of-my-friends some T see (to be) not true friends, 
 And those who truly are ''-so (are) unable to help.- 
 Pentheus, we-are-here, having caught this prey, 
 After which (e^' i)v) thou didst send (us), nor have we 
 sped a-fruitless-expedition {aKpavra) ! — 
 
 15 If I had (esset mihi) a voice in my arms, 
 
 And hands, and hair?, and in the my-footsteps". — 
 Dost thou wish to fall to the ground, and to wound thy 
 Aged body, being thrust-out with violence ? — 
 She prays-down curses most unholy on her children 
 
 20 That she may cut-through ^ this house with sharpened 
 sword. 
 
98 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA 
 
 Exercise LXXII. 
 
 Tico lines. 
 
 Say that thou wilt kill Antigone ; but a sword thou must 
 Draw-and' keep at (Trpoc) the very neck <^ of the maiden.^ 
 There are come to the Cyunean Symplegad land 
 Two youths in-flight by sea (flying with the oar). — 
 5 She goes within the palace p, to be seen with our-eyes, 
 After giving^ a sad kiss and her-right-hand to me. — 
 \s^\\o fearing"^ neither (those) beneath the earth, nor those 
 Above, hath wrought a most unholy deed. — 
 I see-thee, Prometheus, and I wish to advise (ye) thee*^ 
 10 As-is-best, versatile thougli thou art". 
 
 I must report what-is-beitig and what-lias-been-determined 
 
 {(oKovvra Ka\ Iv^ai'Tii) 
 By-the-counsellorsd of tlie people of this Cadmeian city.— 
 A Mede was the flrst leader of the host ; 
 But another, his son, completed this deed. — 
 lo But I deserted, being^ citiless, am insulted, 
 
 Stolen by (tt^oc) my-husbands from a foreign land. — 
 Either thisP ^hall-l>e-so, or we-must undertake a new war; 
 But may victory and power? be to manly-hearts {roiq 
 
 uprreffir^. — 
 I (fiey) tell to-you my opinion, 
 20 To raise an alarm for the citizens (to come) hither to the 
 palace. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 99 
 
 Exercise LXXIH. 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 Thou art' wise^ and skilled in many noble-things ; 
 
 But thou art grieved, being deprived ^^ of the protection 
 
 of thy husband. — 
 For many desires coincide in one (elg tv) ; 
 Both the injunctions of the gods, and the-great grief of- 
 
 my-father. — 
 5 Ye shall hear* (with ay) now the decree, ye people of- 
 
 Attica, 
 Judging the first trial for (of) bloodshed. — 
 The gift of Hector, a man most hated by me^, 
 Of strangers, and most hateful to look-upon. — 
 There are still struggles for the newly married, 
 10 And no small troubles for their-connections. 
 
 And in truth {koi yuj/v) I thought I heard' one (riyog^) of 
 
 the attendants 
 Secretly-groaning within the-gatesSP, my-child. — 
 Groaning, calamity, death, shame, whatever 
 Names of all evils there-are, not-one is absent (cor* aTrov). 
 15 I am' not {ov rot) a prophet, so as, without (/xj?) hearing", 
 To learn-thoroughly the way of thy devices. — 
 But what is it, son of i^geus ? Teach me. 
 As I myself know nothing {d)g fxtj elEor' ovdev) of what? 
 
 thou enquirest. — 
 And I saw-them (Jyywp) tearing each other with talons 
 murderously [^ev (povaig']; 
 20 For there was no indistinct noise of wings. 
 
 F 2 
 
100 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Exercise LXXIV. 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 Ijut now, if tliou must remain, remain one day more ; 
 For thou slialt not do any dreadful that I am afraid-of 
 
 Concealing^ lierself wherii no one (/i// tiq) may see^', 
 The miserable-woman looked-on^'-and-wept^. — 
 5 Taking", as it seems, a clear token 
 Of friendship from (vrpoc) us 8, O friends, ye have sailed. — 
 Mistress, tliou art-undone ; and-uo-longer art-thou seeing 
 
 the-light. 
 Childless, husbandless, citiless, utterly-ruined. — 
 What can it be, I pray ? has (/iw»0 ^ ^^^op gone any- 
 where ? 
 10 Perhaps to set^" some trap for us ii(p^ >V**')* 
 
 But depart out-of-the-way, and for (7rff)t) thyself^ 
 Take-thought ; for I will arrange ^^ my-own-atfairs well. — 
 What art-thou. doing ? why so great calamity lies-upon- 
 
 you {gen. absol.\ 
 Admetus, hast-thou-the-Aeart to entertain-guests ? Why 
 art thou foolish? — 
 15 For a woman when-passionate, and a man likewise*, 
 Is easier to-guard-against, than a cunning-one™ silent. — 
 But since thou too hast-fuught *^ this fight, 
 Listen, for thou didst commence^ a contest of words. — 
 Here (wc') am-I, and-I-will-not go-away again to the 
 palace '"^P, 
 20 Before {TvpLv av\) I drive ^'' thee beyond the boundaries 
 of-this-land. 
 
 * ws 5* avTws, — wcravTus 5f, is often thus used with tmesis. 
 + vpLv ttv is always preceded by a negative, and followed by the sub- 
 junctive. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 lOJ 
 
 I ^ 
 
 Exercise LXXV. 
 
 Two lines. 
 
 And now I cannot' (with ay) blot from my-mind 
 Thy (to iilv aov) suffering, so as not to bemoan-it.-^ 
 Ill has it been done^^ and in addition to the evils ^ also 
 Most-shamefully, and yet this evil is twice as-great.— 
 5 And the dead lie, both the son and the aged father, 
 Near : a misfortune to be lamented with tears. — 
 But I hate an-over-wise-woman, never (/x?) yap) in my 
 
 house P at least 
 May there be one- wiser than((^j30)/oi)ffa irXeiop */) a woman ^ 
 
 ought (to be). — 
 But a man who is^ prudent never ought 
 10 To get his children taught (to be) too clever. 
 
 Speakest thou, basest-man, inferior '^ to a woman, 
 Who died on behalf of thee, fair youth that thou art (rod 
 
 K-aXou (Toif) ? — 
 For being an Argive myself, I lead Argives, 
 Bringing (having) these run-aways from my-own (coun- 
 try).— 
 15 We are undone then, if we-shall add a new evil 
 To the old, before we have exhausted this-one.— 
 ThisP shall be ; for the favour no long words 8 
 Needs ; I will disturb the deep of the ^gean sea.— 
 For of-myself-and-mine {rohfiov) I have no care, if we 
 shall be-banished ^o, 
 20 But them I weep-for, involved-in^^ calamity ^ 
 
 r 8 
 
1Q2 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA* 
 
 Exercise LXXVL 
 Three lines. 
 
 The sense, m this and all subsequent Iambic Exercises, is confined 
 to the number of lines stated, but the words are placed in the English 
 order, irrespective of tlie line in which the Greek words stand. 
 
 1 Electra, first consider tlie gods as the originators of this 
 
 good-fortune, then praise me too, the servant both of 
 the gods and of fortune. 
 
 2 So far so good (roiavra ^iv l) ravr). But can any one 
 
 say that he discovered before me the advantages for men 
 that were hidden beneath the earth ? 
 
 3 Such things we may rejoice or weep for ; the city is 
 
 saved, and the earth hath drunk the blood of the two 
 kingly brothers, (killed) by mutual slaughter. 
 
 4 If any one of the men of old (rwv irplv) has spoken evil of 
 
 women, or (if) any one now speaks, or again intends to 
 speak-so, all these things I will say in one word. 
 
 5 But he gained the people of the Lydians and Phrygians, 
 
 and ravaged {eXavvoj) all Ionia with violence, and 
 marched-against many (places) with a large army. 
 
 6 For the Nile nurtures not a race like to Inachus (- v^ w) ; 
 
 take-care^' lest daring beget fear; but the terror of 
 kings is always violent. 
 
 7 But, lady, it is better for me now to quarrel with thee 
 
 (irpog a)y than by-display ing-weakness^O''* afterwards 
 to groan deeply ; but this contest has long since been 
 not unforeseen by me. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 10b 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Exercise LXXVU. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 For in what hast thou wronged me ? Thou didst bestow 
 
 thy daughter on-him-to-whom (6V«) thy mind led thee ; 
 but I hate my husband ; but thou, I think, didst this 
 
 prudently. 
 
 2 And now look-at (see?) me, how I shall approach the 
 
 royal houses of this Corinthian land provided with this 
 olive-branch and garland. 
 
 3 Such an exhortation I extended to my fellow-citizens for 
 
 the future; but we must deal-justly both in giving ^ 
 the vote and deciding ^ the suit. 
 
 4 Having bound also {aZ) living oxen (roue (:i^yraQ Poibv) 
 
 and all the flocks in chains, he conveys ^-them to -his- 
 houseP, considering (them) as men, and not a horned 
 prey. 
 
 5 But see to it lest thou allege an unreal (ohK oZcrav) excuse ; 
 
 for if thou choosest, tell^-me why {avff 6tov) thou now 
 (ravvy) art (rvyx/^vu^) doing^ the most shameful deeds 
 
 6 Do^'not thus blame the whole female race, all-together ; for 
 
 (there are) many of us, who (at fxh) are enviable, and 
 others (aJ a-) of US-are (<i>vu>^) in (elg) the number ot 
 
 the bad. . 
 
 7 Rescue thyself and the city, and rescue me, for in thee 
 
 we exist (are) ; but it is the noblest of tasks for-a-man* 
 to assist (others) from whatever resources he can pos- 
 sibly do-so (a^' w>' e'x*^* '^^^ ^vKa^ai'). 
 
 r 4 
 
101 
 
 FSAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 Exercise LXXVIII. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 But ye two shall do something speedily, but leave me not 
 
 alone ; for my body cannot* (xcith ar) creep along de- 
 serted nor without a guide. 
 
 2 None of the Acha^ans (is) within ; but we alone ; but 
 
 creep into the house?; for (mi yap) the Argives long 
 to loose-* the sheet-ropes « of their ships, (and to go) 
 homewards from Troy. 
 
 3 But there appeared signs neither of a wild beast, nor of 
 
 any* dog? having come*, or {ov) torn^-it, but alight 
 dust was-npon-it, as of one-anxious-to-avoid pollution. 
 
 4 We dwell with (-rrapa) a stranger (aj/)p t,iyo£) ; but where 
 
 he has gone no one knows ; only (ttXj/i) he-has-o-one- 
 away^ after -inflicting"' bitter pains upon me here. 
 
 5 seed of Achilles, thou mayest (fxay Trapeari aoi) choose 
 
 the-rest of thy-father's-possessions% but another man, 
 the son of Laertes, has now possession of those arms. 
 
 6 So much I shall wish to gain from thee ; should any means 
 
 or device be found for me, to avenge-myself-on ^^ my- 
 husband* in-requital-for (^iKTji) tliese calamities «. 
 
 7 Be it so; why art thou silent? Tiiou-oughtest (Ixpny) 
 
 not to liave been silent, my-child, but either to bhune 
 me, if I say anything wrong (pi] KaXiZg), or to agree to 
 my (the) words when well spoken 20'. 
 
 I 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 105 
 
 ! 
 
 t 
 
 Exercise LXXIX. 
 Three lines, 
 
 • 
 
 1 But thou, as is fit, shall die vilely in thy vileness (Ka<voc 
 
 icatcwe), struck ^7 (on) thy head^ with a fragment of the 
 Argo, seeing a bitter end? to my marriage ^- 
 
 2 Much forethought must I have ; but thou, lady, whoe'er 
 
 thou art, know that-thou-hast ^'^ the same outlines of 
 form as-Alcestis^, and thou resemblest her in form. 
 
 3 Lady, be quite sure I do not (/xr/ /ze) intend- to-flatter 3'^% 
 
 and that I will not (/xr/3') say 3'^* any thing else for my 
 life^, whence one might fairly (odev xP^j) incur-the- 
 charge-of any cowardice*. 
 
 4 And seeing^ the people of Cadmus faring ^2 y^Q\\^ i 
 
 trust ^2 to throw other throws at (eV) dice against it ; 
 for the God is-wont-to-turn everything back again. 
 
 5 But they think that I* came 7* to-Troy not so much for my 
 
 wife's sake, but to-attack (ctt') a man% who, deceiving 
 his friend, stole my wife from my palace. 
 
 6 Taking the-newborn babe from the-hoUow rock, he 
 
 brought-it to my oracle? at (of) Delphi, placing (fiaXioy) 
 it at the very entrance? of my temple?. 
 
 7 And after this {k roiih) does no one know (that) Mene- 
 
 laus*has-arrivedi7'a? No one; but he is reported in 
 Greece to have died^'^^. He is dead and he is not dead, 
 and (^') there are two reports. 
 
 r« 
 
 nil 
 
lOfi 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA- 
 
 EXERCISE LXXX. 
 
 Three lines. 
 
 1 But I have come hither with i^ixovfr) this dress of em- 
 
 broidered robes for-my persons as lirst-fruits, not from 
 the house P of Achilles nor of Peleus. 
 
 2 For this man, neither great among the Argives, nor 
 
 priding ^7 himself on (er) the-spleiidourd of his palace?, 
 and associating {u,v) with (u) the many, was found 
 most excellent. 
 
 3 Not being a Cadmeian, but coming ^ from Euba3a, he slays 
 
 Creon, and having slain (him) rules the land, iiiUing- 
 upon this city, sick with sedition. 
 
 4 Dreadful art thou, dreadful, and to dreadful sufferings art 
 
 thou coming; the god, formerly not being propitious, 
 accompanies (us), being-enleagued with us<^, but now 
 thou seest what it is fit thou shouldst see. 
 
 5 But, my-children, entering d« the-rich palace?, suppli- 
 
 cate your-father's new wife and my mistress, implore 
 that ye-ily* not the land. 
 
 6 But may it be well somehow ; for this is common to all, 
 
 both privately to each and to the city, that the bad 
 {^ikv) sutfer some evil, and the good prosper. 
 
 7 One thing is most seriuus {^dyiarov), he has not freedom-of- 
 
 speech. This thou namest"* (is characteristic) of a 
 slave, not to say what one ihinks. One must bear the 
 ignorance P of rulers. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 107 
 
 t 
 
 Exercise LXXXI. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 Permit me to remain this one day, and to accomplish my- 
 
 plan, how (§) we shall fly, and (find) a refuge for my 
 children, Creon. 
 
 2 Hearing^ thy voice I came hither, miserably (rXiifnoiO 
 
 dreading, and utterly alarmed with fear, lest thou hadst 
 come bringing to me some other calamity. 
 
 3 Orestes taking (her) on his left shoulder, stepping" into 
 
 the sea, and springing ^ upon a ladder, placed his-sister 
 within the well-benched ship. 
 
 4 We shall die, after burning this palace?, for of one-thing 
 
 we shall not fail 22% (and) shall have credit, dying ho- 
 nourably, or being honourably saved. 
 
 5 sons of the Danai, before being cut-to-pieces by showers 
 
 (of darts), why do you hesitate every one {iipcrfy ttuvteq) 
 to rush-into the gates, light-armed, horsemen, and 
 fighters-mounted in-chariots^. 
 
 6 I care for nothing, now that thou {aov ye) hast given ^ me 
 
 satisfaction. Ho sir, art thou mad, and wishest thou to 
 receive harm?? Will ye not drag him away by force, 
 
 servants ? 
 
 7 But I have-got-and (Xa^odaa) bear in my arms, as thou 
 
 seest, this prize-of- valour P, that if so be {wg ar) it may 
 be hung 20 on-the-walls of (tt^oc) thy palace <JP ; but do 
 thou, father, receive them in-thy-hands^". 
 
 F 6 
 
lOS 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise LXXXIL 
 Three lines. 
 
 1 O children, the father who begat (o 0v<rac x*^ tekwv) you 
 
 hath-ruined-you^, nor have ye enjoyed my ble9sin<Ts. 
 Alas for wife? and children^! and alas for me^! 
 
 2 Son of Agamemnon, hearken ; the twin {U) Dioscuri, 
 
 relations of thy-raother call thee, Castor and his-brother 
 Pollux here. 
 
 3 For I-too, who ought to have borne happ7(a/.-\a vara) chil- 
 
 dren, have lost Achilles, the swift of-foot^P, my-son bv 
 thee {iK (Tov) whom I bore^'^, the first "-(ornament) of 
 Greece. 
 
 4 For a woman must be content, even if she be given to a 
 
 base husband, and not enter into (1%^^^) a contest of 
 wisdom. Wise, wise thou (art), but still thou must die. 
 
 5 By all means ; my sailors ought to listen to him {rovct). Bid 
 
 them again, that they may learn of thee clearly. I bid 
 them again, yes (y') and a third time, if it is pleasing 
 {(piXov) to thee. 
 
 6 Thou wouldest-say' (with av) that gold is gaining this? 
 
 (victory), and the pleasure of-being-rich'; I love not to 
 hear reproaches, while-I-keep" wealth in my hands, 
 nor to have trouble?. 
 
 7 For I have not {k^o\ . . . loyetrrt) even what is left to all 
 
 men, hope, nor am I deceived in-my-mind^P tliat-I- 
 sluill-fare3'at-all well(rtK£^i'6»'); but it is sweet even 
 to seem (to-do-so.'i 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 109 
 
 Exercise LXXXIII. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 For a woman is in other respects full of fear, but when 
 
 she is {kv^i)) wronged i^'' in {Iq) her-bed, there is no 
 other mind more blood-thirsty. 
 
 2 It is the god's doing ; blame uo^ mortal-man^; but we, 
 
 O noble son of the sea god, beseech thee and speak 
 freely. 
 
 3 But Calchas the prophet drawing ^ his sharp sword out of 
 
 {iaojQev) the scabbard P», with his hand placed it in (t'c) 
 
 the-gold-wrought basket, and crowned the head of the 
 maiden. 
 
 4 I cannot become* {with av) the murderer of thee and of my 
 
 mother ; her blood is enough, and in-union-with thee, I 
 should both wish to live, and dying to meet-with^ the- 
 same-fate (^laov). 
 
 5 Knowest thou the daughter of Helen ? I-have-asked^ one 
 
 who knows. I know Hermione whom my mother nur- 
 tured, she hath gone to Clytaemnestra's tomb. 
 
 6 Horsemen, and heavy-armed closed their-spears into the 
 
 midst of the arms {fiiaa oirXa) of the Argives, and all 
 evils were-there together ; they were dying, they were 
 falling from the-chariots. 
 
 7 Citiless, deserted, most wretched^ of mortals. Alas me 
 
 wretched ! thou seest this dead-one here. At thy side 
 my child ^ is being-carried. 
 
no 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA, 
 
 Exercise LXXXIV. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 But now I, Cadmus the great, shall be cast 21 out of-my- 
 
 palaceP dishonoured, 1- who sowed the race of-the-The- 
 bans, and-mowed-down a most noble harvest. 
 
 2 Cease 11; and give thy-hand to thy-friendly-attendant. 
 
 Place (give) thy-hand on-his-neck, and I will-lead-the- 
 way. Theseus, turn* me back-again, that I may see 
 my children. 
 
 3 What pleasure, I pray (l^r), (is it) for-me to live ? to 
 
 what ought-I to look ? This boy was the only eye of 
 life left to me. Those-to-whom this? seems-good are 
 about to kilP him. 
 
 4 But some were raising the mast, and favourable breezes 
 
 came; and they go i'* from the land, and I escaping^ 
 slaughter, and let myself down into the sea, beside the 
 anchor. 
 
 5 I have freed*'" thee however (/it v olv) from one trouble ; 
 
 for crossing™ these Scamandrian streams, I washed the 
 corpse, and bathed his-wounds. 
 
 6 But the herald of Theseus speaks thus {rali) out -before 
 
 {U) all ; be silent?, ye-people, silence, ye ranks of Cad- 
 meians, hear ye* ; we (it is who) have come to fetch 
 the dead (rcicpouc /wtVa). 
 
 7 Is the old man lolaus then still alive (eVriv en)? By 
 
 all means, having fared excellently-well at-the-hands-of 
 (^k) the gods, I have become {ixti^icrrm) a young-man 
 again, after-being {Jlk) old. 
 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 Ill 
 
 Exercise LXXXV. 
 Three lines, 
 
 1 Having heard thisP then and learning-it from me, enjoy 
 
 thyself, drink, consider thy (the) daily life as thine, and 
 the restP as-fortune's. 
 
 2 men, erring muchP to-no-purpose, why I pray (^r)) do 
 
 ye teach ten thousand {^iv) arts, but one ye do not 
 know, nor have ye hunted-it-out yet. 
 
 3 But may I-at -least neither have gold in my palace P, nor 
 
 the-power-of-singing {hfivTiaai) better strains" than Or- 
 pheus, if my good-fortune is not to be^** a noted one. 
 
 4 And going ^ back again to my couch I slept * ; and in my 
 
 sleep an apparition stunds-by me*^, and I awake-up 
 drivinfj-off wild-beasts. 
 
 5 Now, by thy father, and by thy mother, my child, and by 
 
 anything that is dear to thee in-thy-home, a suppliant I 
 beseech thee *, leave me not thus alone. 
 
 6 Well, my father, I dread {^ev) entering 7 on such a con- 
 
 test of-argument, and I-will-obey (thee in) whatsoever 
 seems-good to thee. Swear now (by) the head* of 
 Zeus who begat*' me. 
 
 7 So he departing'' tells king Creon, and when he sees him, 
 
 groaning mournfully, he goes in to him ; and a dreadful p- 
 (sight) was there to see. 
 
 * In adjurations, the accusative is often placed between irpbs and the 
 genitive, as is also/>er in Latin; as, irpbs ere ^iSov Ikvov^Mj per te deoi 
 oro ; T^phs (t rl col icrri Trpo<T<pi\'iS, per si quid tibi carum est. 
 
112 
 
 PRAXIS 1AM BIG A. 
 
 In the next nine Exercises, none of the Greek \vords will be given in 
 the Index, unless they have occurred iu previous Exercises ; the gram- 
 matical references to case, number, mood, &c. are also withdrawn. 
 
 Exercise LXXXVI. 
 
 1 (4 lines.) What name forsooth will men put upon them? 
 
 Zeus orders to call them the venerable IMonoeci. And 
 in truth the name of Monoeci reasonably remains, for 
 alone they come from darkness to this light. 
 
 2 (7 lines.) But now by myself I am nothing, but often- 
 
 times I have looked on this race of women, that we are 
 as nothing, who, when young live, I think, the pleasantest 
 life of (all) mankind in a father's (house), but when we 
 joyous come of (to) age, we are thrust out and bar- 
 tered away, some to strange men, others to barbarians. 
 
 3 (5 lines.) But as is the tale of Libyan stories, the eagle 
 
 struck with the shaft from-the-bow said, when-he-saw 
 the device of the feathering, thus (rao') not by others, 
 but by our own feathers are we taken, pierced with 
 wounds. 
 
 4 (4 lines.) But thou shalt come to the fearless host of the 
 Libyans, where, brave though thou be, thou wilt not, I 
 ween, blame the battle ; for it has been fated that thou 
 shalt leave thy weapons there, and thou shalt easily 
 repel the Libyan host. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 113 
 
 Exercise LXXXYIL 
 
 1 (o lines.) And do good to the dead, if thou wishest ; at all 
 
 events to wrong them is a matter of inditference ; and 
 they can neither rejoice nor grieve. Nemesis however 
 is superior to us, and the vengeance of the dead-man 
 worketh wrath. 
 
 2 (4 lines.) And I hoped that the divine mouth of Phoebus 
 
 was true, overflowing with oracular art, but he himself 
 singing, he himself present at the banquet, he himself 
 saying these things, he himself is the slayer. 
 
 3 (4 lines.) But neither by receiving many wounds in the 
 
 breast does any one die, unless the end of life coincide, 
 nor does any one sitting by the hearth in the house 
 escape at all the more his destined fate. 
 
 4 (7 lines.) Thou mayest see on the other hand the greatest 
 and wisest in mind, such as this man is now, give good 
 advice to one who fares ill ; but when the deity turns 
 in the other direction the scale of a once lucky man, 
 most of his words, even when well said, vanish. It is not 
 easy to oppose what is just. 
 
114 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise LXXXVIIL 
 
 1 (4 lines.) It is indeed hard that the impious and those 
 
 sprung from evil men, that these (1 say) afterwards fare 
 well, but tliose who are good, and likewise born from 
 noble-parents, afterwards are unfortunate. 
 
 2 (o lines.) Money finds friends for men, and again 
 
 honours, afterwards they sit (in) the most shameful seat 
 of the highest tyranny. For by the (use of the) tongue 
 it makes an unsightly and hateful person wise and beau- 
 tiful to look upon. 
 
 3 (4 lines.) But I will tell thee nothing dreadful, nor how 
 
 thou hast been driven a fugitive from thv fatherland, 
 nor how Tydeus, having shed (slain) the blood of a 
 kinsman, is housed in Argos as a stranger. 
 
 4 (7 lines.) And do not at all wonder, O King, that I 
 thus cling to gain ; for even those men who have a long 
 life, nevertheless cling closely to gain, and compared 
 with money all other things are of secondary importance 
 to men ; and there are some who praise a man free from 
 disease, but to me no one who is poor appears to be free 
 from disease, but ever to be ill. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 115 
 
 Exercise LXXXIX. 
 
 1 (5 lines.) It was not fitting that the gods should thus act 
 
 concerning mortals ; for the pious amongst men ought 
 to have some manifest gain from the gods, but that those 
 who are unjust should manifestly pay the contrary 
 penalty to these, in revenge for their misdeeds. 
 
 2 (7 lines.) But he found a defence (wall) for the host of 
 
 the Argives, inventions of weight, of number, and of 
 measures ; and he was the first who made them ten 
 from one, and from the tens again discovered fifties up 
 to a thousand ; he alone showed fire-signals to the host, 
 protection of sleep, and seals (to be left) till dawn, and 
 brought-to-light things not (before) shown. 
 
 3 (3 lines.) It is the best thing to be just ; and to live with- 
 
 out disease is preferable ; but he has the pleasantest lot 
 who can get what he longs for every day. 
 
 4 (2 lines.) This is most painful, if, when-one-has-it-in- 
 
 one's-power (rrapby) to arrange-matters well, one bring 
 {irpoafii] (f>ip(x)v) the hurt upon oneself. 
 
 5 (3 lines.) And he discovered the measures and revolutions 
 
 of the stars, and these arrangements and celestial signs.—- 
 It is a base thing to conceal, and it is not characteristic 
 of (rrpoc) a noble man. 
 
116 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 11 
 
 Exercise XC. 
 
 1 (4 lines.) For no leader of an army can show and give 
 
 favour to all ; how then can I, who am mortal at once and 
 born of morlal-parents, be wiser than Zeus in prudence 
 (ty (jjpovtli'i epexegetic inJinUive), 
 
 2 (6| lines.) But if it were possible for persons by weeping 
 
 to heal misfortunes, and to raise again the dead by tears, 
 gold would be an inferior possession to tears. — But 
 now, old man, this is of no avail, to bring to the light 
 him who has been hidden in the tomb. Else, as far as 
 tears are concerned, my father would have been brought 
 again to the light. 
 
 Exercise XCL 
 
 1 (6 lines.) One ought not to call happy the fortunes of a 
 man who is prospering, until his life be wholly passed 
 and he end his life ; for in a short and small time the 
 gift of the evil deity ruins* his wealthy prosperity, 
 when thisP changes and seems good to the gods. 
 
 2 (5 lines.) For love comes not upon men alone, nor (oh^" al) 
 on women, but it excites the souls of the gods above, 
 and goes over the sea, and not even Zeus the Almighty 
 is able to drive it away, but he yields and gladly sub- 
 mits {eyKXivofiat), 
 
 3 (31 lines.) So then, my child, I should have felt but 
 
 an empty pleasure, while you were praised (gen. abs.) as 
 though alive ; and the Erinys, unknown to me, in dark- 
 ness, would have flattered me deceived with (false) de- 
 lights. 
 
 4 (o lines.) Foolish is he; and they, much more foolish, re- 
 pelled him, brave (as he was), my friends. For whoso- 
 ever of mankind by becoming angry in misfortunes 
 applies a remedy worse than the disease, is not a skilful 
 physician of calamities. 
 
 3 (11 lines,) My sons, Venus (Kvirpig) is not Venus only, 
 but she is named of many names ; for she instils herself 
 into all in whom is the breath of the lungs ; who is not 
 the prey (jSopa) of this goddess ? For she enters the 
 swimming race of fishes, and she exists in the four-footed 
 race of the dry-land, and her winged-arrow (feather) 
 pierces {vu)^§. h) birds, beasts, mortals, the gods above. 
 She rules the heart {7rvev^6yu)v) of Zeus ; without spear, 
 without iron, Venus cuts-short the plans of mortals and 
 of gods. 
 
 * KaOetXe, hath been known to ruin, and so is likely to ruin again, = in the 
 English idiom, ruins. This use of the aorist is Uke the perfect in such 
 phrases as " Soepe etiam steriks incendere profuit agios." (Virg. 
 Georg. i.) Profuit, it has been found useful =- H is useful. 
 
 ifc 
 
liS 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XCII. 
 
 1 (7 lines,) But thou, O king of gods and men, Love, either 
 
 do not teach that what is fair appears fair, or else 
 prosperously work-out (avrt^xoyiio) their afflictions for 
 afflicted lovers, of whoni thou art the manufacturer. 
 And doing thus, thou slialt be honoured by the gods, but 
 not doing thus, merely from their being taught to love 
 (utt' avTod Tov cicafTKiadai (f)i\E~iy), thou shalt be deprived 
 of the favours with which they honour thee. 
 
 2 (o Ihies.) Men (who are) both wise and good ought always 
 
 to be crowned with leaves, and he who guides the city 
 best, being a prudent and just man; and whosoever by 
 words gets rid-of evil deeds, removing {d(pmpiui) battles 
 and seditions ; for such things are excellent both for 
 every city and for all the Greeks. 
 
 3 (6 lines,) Does any one say then that there are gods in 
 heaven ? there are not, there are not ! If any man say- 
 so, let him not, fool that he is, adopt this (the) old tale. 
 But look-at (facts) themselvts, not (/irf) attending to my 
 words ; I say that dominion both kills very-raany-men, 
 and robs (them) of their property, and they transgress- 
 ing (their) oaths sack cities. And doing this they are 
 more happy than those who are pious, (and live) quietly 
 day by day. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 !19 
 
 Exercise XCIII. 
 
 1 (8 lines.) Thinkest thou Hades careth for thy lamenta- 
 
 tions, and will send-up-again thy son, if tliou choosest 
 to groan? Cease; and looking^ to the woes of thy 
 neighbours, thou wilt become * {with av) more-satisfied 
 {p4^v), if thou choosest to consider, how many mortals 
 have-been-worn-out (UfioxOiu)) in chains, and how 
 many grow old deprived of their children, and some 
 reduced to nothing {to fjLrjdh ovrag) from the greatest 
 wealth of supreme-power : these things thou ouglitest 
 to consider 
 
 2 (7 li?ies,) Lady, pleasant {cplXov) is this light of the sun, 
 
 and fair the calm water {ivijve^ov xtv^a) of the ocean 
 to look-upon, and earth blooming spring-like (vpoov), 
 and the teeming sea {TrXovmov vcojp) ; and I might {earl 
 fioi) speak the praise of many a fair-thing p. But no- 
 thing is so splendid nor (so) lair to-look-upon, as to see 
 in the house the light of children newly-born to the 
 childless and -those -who -are consumed {haKvio) with 
 longing. 
 
 3 (o lines.) Therefore everything, as far as I at least am 
 concerned (tovv y sjiol), shall be saved, others shall 
 rule, / will save this city. my country ! would that 
 all who inhabit thee loved thee, as I (do). Then {kuI) 
 easily should we inhabit thee, and thou shouldst suffer 
 no evil. 
 
120 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBlCA. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 12] 
 
 Exercise XCII. 
 
 1 (6 lines.) But I will speak comprehending much in a short 
 
 speech. First of all thou oughtest to keep thy temper 
 quiet {(ppiyag iiTriovg), and do not pay too much regard 
 {fjie'ii:oy fiipoQ ItUvai) to the rich; and do not gain 
 wealth unjustly, if thou wishest to remain a long time 
 in thy palace P, for (property) entering a house? wrongly 
 has no security. 
 
 2 (o lines.) And love the society of the old, but hate in- 
 
 temperate dispositions, brilliant only to laugh with; 
 short (is the) delight of sinful pleasure. But, my son, 
 give me thy hand, that thy father may touch thee, and 
 farewell ; from shame I do not embrace thee too 
 much. 
 
 3 (4 lines.) But I learning this from some wise man, threw 
 
 my mind into anxiety and calamities, inflicting {irpoa- 
 Tidrj^i) upon myself banishment from my country, and 
 untimely deaths, and other devices {o^ovg) of evil p. 
 
 4 (5 lines.) For death brings an end of quarrels to men ; for 
 
 what is greater than he amongst mortals ? For who, 
 wounding a rocky crag with a spear, shall inflict pain 
 upon it {d^yniffL Iwaei)? and who dishonouring a 
 corpse (can do sc), if it feels not (fin^ey) the sufferings 
 (inflicted) ? 
 
 I 
 
 Exercise XCIV. 
 
 Tetrameters, 
 
 Arrange the following in metre, and accent the words. 
 
 tt/Wa CTTft TzoKaiov awu (p^(.ru)v Esog avQitTTaTai, 
 evyevEQ yvvai^ ytpaia tvi'iojjie Tun> ejxwv XsKTpwr, 
 Xr)Ea(Ta rwj'^e KXavfiaruji' kai yowr, (Ta<peg ri jiol 
 \eIov. avdpioTreia c// rot 7rr/juara ru^oi av Pporoig, 
 
 5 firj^a/iiog IpaffiojiEv aXXa Kaica, w 0tXror£ avdpwv, 
 01 yepovTEg rjci] (ttei^ete itpog izETrpiDfXEvovg ^o^ovg, 
 TTpLV iradEiy, ^)T]y Kaipov Eplavra tuCe, wg ETrpa^afiev, 
 
 u) EvoiKoi Ttarpag Qi)Qi]c, XEvtraETEy Oihirovg oh 
 og ycrj ra kXeipu uiriyj.iuTcty khl j]u KpancTTog arr)p, 
 10 £«c o(TOP ^ELPTjg (7Vfi({)opag kXvcujvu EXrjXvdEy, 
 
 aTEl\WflEV, EL loKEL. 10 ElpT]K(t)g yEVVaiOV ETTOC. 
 
 avTEpELCE vvv (Tr}y jyaaiy. Eig oaov y£ tyw cOei^w. 
 
 TTWC (l>EVt,0jiaL CE aLTLCLV A^UHOV. fj}] (jjporTKTtJC, 
 
 irov h ^01 av Trarijp ; ravra ovy ov ytXiog Efioi kXveip ; 
 15 ov, fivdog TpEyjix)v av (TrjjuiaiyEiEy av ra Efia aoi, 
 Kai TL XE^Etg fiui ; aog irarijp et^iu, kul av Efiog natg. 
 
 ov XpTf (TE CiKai^Eiv ra Efia. j]v yE XEyoj I3eXtiuj. 
 apxo/u£(r6a apa, ov KparovfiEv, cp<^v iaia, ra h Ek^Ka ov, 
 eoLKag Epav Kardavtiy. kteive^ arjy ^e avyyovov 
 EK0VTU)v rniu)v ov KTtvEig. aXXa t/itf, wg irpo hcnroriav 
 21 evKXeeffraTOv roi.ai yEvraioKTi covXoig ^avEiv, 
 
122 PRAXIS UMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XCV. 
 Inflect and accent the Greek on the opposite page, 
 
 O Pallas I daughter of mightiest Zeus, not in disbelief 
 have we received tliy words; but I trust that I am the son 
 of Loxias and this woman ; and even before too this was not 
 incredible. 
 
 Ho thou ! whither removest thou thy foot, master? to what 
 murder ? 
 
 Whither justice bids me; well but remove out of the way. 
 I will not h't-go thy garments^', for thoa-art-hastenin'r-aiter 
 great evils*. ° 
 
 But wilt thou, slave though thou be, have rule over thy 
 raastersg? Yes ; for I am wise. 
 
 And didst thou then come with many to one who was nothinrr 
 in battle ? ° 
 
 (Yes) for a safe general is better than a bold (one). 
 
 Thou art boastful, trusting in a truce p, and it saves thee 
 from dying. 
 
 And (as for) tiiee a second time I beg of thee the sceptreP 
 and a share in the lands. ' 
 
 We do not suffer-ourselves-to-be-importuned, for I will in- 
 habit my own house. 
 
 wretched one, it seems that my misfortunes will grieve 
 thee also. 
 
 The mob is dreadful " when they have rogues as patrons 
 But when they get good (ones), they always consult well 
 
 wretched one, twice I call, for I bear great misfortunes. 
 (What) in addition to the calamities (already) accomplished? 
 But what sayest thou ? 
 
 Thy sister's children are no longer in the light (of life), 
 Creon. 
 
 Fly, stand-away, lest this abomination fall on any one. 
 Knowest thou now what shall happen to me ? thy task it 
 is to order this p. 
 
 I 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 Exercise XCV. 
 
 Tetrameters, 
 
 12 ZevQ IlaWac fieyag ^vyarrjp, ov awirrTia 
 aoc Xoyoc Evdexo^at' TrtiOio Ce Et/iL Trarrjp 
 Ao^iag Kai oh' Kai npiv ovtoq h ov aiTKXTOQ eijjLi, 
 
 ohroc <t), Trot (Tog Tzovg aipio, h(TW0Tr]g^ eig Troiog (jiovog ; 
 o/Vep 6 liKTj KeXevii) eyio- aXXa aipurrafiai eKTro^uiv. 
 OVK a0t7?/i£lO TTETrXogS (toq, fieyng yap <r7r£u^w KUKog. 
 aWa CEaiToTtjg Kparsu), ^vvXog eljil ; (ppovEu yap cv. 
 
 Kat-ELTa (Tvv TToXvg Ep^ofiai irpog 6 ov^Eig Eg jxayj) ; 
 a(T(paXi]g yap EifiL aiituwy r; ^paavg CTTparrjXarrjg. 
 
 KOflTTOg Elfll, (TTTOVCT] TTElOu)^^, O TE (TW^U) ^I'TjaKW. 
 
 Kai (TV ^EVTEpoy ye aTrairew crk'rjTrrpov Kai fiEpog \jdwy, 
 OVK aTraiTEU)^' cyw yap b EjAog oikeu) ^ofiog. 
 
 w TaXag, EOiKa Kai (tv 6 Efxog Xvtteio KaKog, 
 lELVog^ 6 TToXvg, KaKOEpyog orav e^io TrpocTTaTrjg, 
 aWa oray ')Q>r](7Tog Xajj.^ayii), XPW'^^Q I^ovXevu) act. 
 
 0) raXag, ditrcrwg avTEio ' fiEyag yap (pEpoj KaKog, 
 irpog irpaTTU) ^"^ aXXog 7n]jj.a ; Xeyw §£ Tig ; 
 ovKETi EifJLi aog ahX(l>Tj iraig ev (^taog, KpEiav 
 
 123 
 
 <ptvyu)y E^iffraadE^, jxtj Tig TrpoaTrnrTiti fjivaog ode 
 oida* vvv OS eyoj yiyrofjiai^*^ ; aog 6 ar]^iaivia oh. 
 
 * Cf. olffd' olv % Spuffou, and in Latin, Tange, sed scin' quomodo. Plant 
 Rud. iu. 5. 18. See Jelf Gr Gr. § 421. 
 
 G 2 
 
124 
 
 PRAXIS lAMlilCA. 
 
 Exi:rcise XCVI. 
 Tetrameters, 
 
 What (is this) noise, I pray {t^ot) in the gates, and un- 
 
 seemly-r/isorder of words ? 
 My word, not his, has more authority in speaking (to 
 
 speak). 
 Was it in fear'*'' (that) thou didst not unveil'* thy eye 
 
 {fiKiijjapuy), son (yeywt) of Atreus ? 
 Seest thou this tablet {cikruy), servant of most evil 
 
 letters ? 
 5 I see, and first p get-rid-of it^^ from thy hands. 
 
 What (?] yap) knowf St thuii, what it was unseasonable 
 
 for thee to know, loosing (drei{;) the seals? 
 Yes (ye) so as to pain tlicc, disclosing the crimes [kuk) 
 
 which thou didst wink in secret. 
 But where didst thou also-find him ? — gods, for thy 
 
 shameless mind^ ! 
 Expecting thy chihK irom Argos, if the army shall 
 
 come. 
 
 10 And who would {uv yc) pity mc ? || *For great is thy 
 nobleness-of-birth. 
 Thou must go on, how cowardly (is it) to die inglori- 
 ously I II I praise this?. 
 
 * See note at the beginning of the next Exercise. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 125 
 
 Are (ij) we then to telP this? to my sister ? H Do-not, by 
 
 the gods. 
 Tears at-all-events will result* (tcith av). || Is not this 
 
 then a great omen ? 
 
 O altars of my-father's gods! |1 Whom thou hast come 
 
 (TTopft) to destroy^''. 
 15 Hear ye me. || Who would hear thee, marching an army 
 against (aTro^rrparevo) i^'^g) thy country*? — 
 And the abodes of the gods of-the-zdiite-horses ? 1| Wlio 
 
 abhor thee. 
 We are driven from our father-land. |1 Yes, for (mi y«p) 
 
 thou earnest to destroy it. 
 
 Not for me at least, unless thou wilt permit me. H We 
 
 will not however (ov fxev olv) permit thee. 
 To slay a most base^ relative. || Most pious-^ however (is 
 
 she). 
 My child, let us go into-the-house p. H Go ye, and 1 will 
 
 follow. 
 
126 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXEIICISE XCVII. 
 
 Tetrameters^ divided between two different speakers, at this 
 
 mark \\. 
 
 Dreadful sliout3-arc -raised among the Argives. |1 What 
 
 shout ? inform mc. 
 About thy chikU. || An evil omen of words hast thou spoken. 
 That it is fit (xp£w»') to sluy^ her. || Does no one speak 
 
 against thisP? 
 I myself-too, somehow (n) got into a difficultj {iq ^opvtov 
 
 i)\Qov). II Into what (difficulty), O stranger? 
 That my body should be stoned 20« vvith stones. || Was it 
 
 (/iwi/) to save my daugliter ? 
 
 Covering the bead with robes. || In face of (TrpoVOer) the 
 sun's heat. 
 
 But do thou remaining here before the temples to the god- 
 dess — II Do what ? 
 
 Assuredly (drjXah)) it is better to be silent. || But by time 
 thou wilt irain. 
 
 That alone to me (is) ditTicult. || What is this new thing thou 
 
 sayest ? * 
 It is loathsome (cv^x^pfc) to touch a man» diseased. || Not 
 
 for me at least (to touch) thee. 
 
 * See note on Exercise XXX. 
 
 'i 
 
 EXEnCISES. 
 
 127 
 
 And convey me to the tomb of my father. || What is the 
 
 object of this? (wc ri h) roSe;) 
 That I may supplicate him to save me. || Justice at least 
 
 requires this {ufh* ^'x";» 
 
 Do I touch then (>) ^iya> ^r0) those-who bore me? \\ Yes 
 
 (ye) if thou-obeyest^^" the god. 
 Hail I-bid-thee {fiot), father. 1| Dear indeed {ye) (is) this word 
 
 (which) I have received. 
 And the now present day — 1| Hath made me at least happy. 
 
 Plant firm (dvrepeidi^) now thy step. || Yes (ye) as far as 
 
 I can. 
 But how shall I escape blame (at the hands) of the Achoe- 
 
 ans ? II Care not. 
 But what (ri yap) if they ravage my country. || If I am 
 
 present — 
 What assistance wilt thou work? |1 With the weapons of 
 
 Hercules — 
 How sayest thou? |1 1 will prevent (them) approaching'. || 
 
 Go-on, after kissing the ground. 
 
 O 4 
 
128 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Exercise XCVIIL 
 
 Tetrameters. 
 
 But which of my sons led-the-expedition thither ? tell. 
 And how too did so large a host finish their course {iTi[)dv) 
 
 on-foot ? 
 Now the source of evils seems to have been discovered for 
 
 all friends. 
 But my son completed this? with the boldness of youth (ri^ 
 
 ^pd(T£L) unknowingly. 
 
 But if (ft ^e. tol) any-evilsSP befall, of these at least we at 
 
 least should have enough, 
 Unhappily smitten by the heavy wrath of the deities. 
 
 We-must-obcy, though by no means (^rj^iv) pleasant. || 
 (Yes) for all things are honourable at-the-fitting-time. 
 
 Knowest thou in whose power (^y oIq) I now am? || Thou 
 shalt speak, and sometime {-^or') I sliall know, when I 
 hear'. 
 
 Hear now my part (ra>a). I praise Phoebus, though I 
 praised ^'^ (him) not before. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 129 
 
 I approve {ypea) that thou blessest the god, changing (thy 
 
 mind) ever {dii ttote) ; — 
 Slow are the (awards) of the gods somehow, even if {el-- 
 
 ae) at last (they are) not weak. 
 
 O alas, wretched that I am, captured by a woman's devices. 
 The marriage? hath escaped me; even if {icd M^v) the ship 
 
 was capt arable 
 By pursuitP, by-toiling I miglit liave taken the strangers ; 
 And now we-shall-avenge-ourselves-upon"' his relative, who 
 
 has betrayed' f us. 
 
 But our hopes do not yet sleep, on which I trust, with (tlie 
 
 help of the) gods. 
 To get possession of this Theban land, after-slaying*' this 
 
 man. — 
 
 Every man, even though one be a slave, delights to-see' the 
 light. 
 
 a t, 
 
130 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 Arrange the folloiving in metre and accent the words* 
 
 Exercise XCIX. 
 
 Ana pees ts. 
 
 l.var. 1. — Five lines. 
 
 Ti yap (TV TTpoXixtav ^i/Xaxac Ktnig r}C7j (TTpariav, ei fxr] e\u)v 
 Tiva vvKTTiyopiav ; ovk oiaOa TravonXovg Apyeiovg lopog Kare- 
 "^^oprag vv)(^i.av KOtrav ///xii' TreXag ; 
 
 2u(rr, 2. — Six lines. 
 
 fyw ^voraroc, tl ttote epyao-a/xav ; ttol ayadag yvtofxag irapt- 
 ir\ayxOy]y ; aipere ^(fxag fjiovj opdovre Kapa * (piXai XeXvfxai 
 ffvvdefffjLa fjLeXeujv ' (pev^ ftv, rXafjuoy. kui (piXoi avfKprjcTovfTi 
 
 flOL. 
 
 ■^-«rT. 3. — Five lines. 
 (t) ff^rj/ia COfjLwv, TTiog tiai\otD ; Triog tt oiKT]fTw, laiixorog Lura- 
 
 TT LTTTOVTOg ', OlfWt. TO yctp flECTOV TToXv, iffU) /i£ irt^TTOVCi tQ 
 
 tp-q^ovg KoiTiig XeKTpior. 
 
 SyffT. 4. — Five lines. 
 
 raSf ^T) offTa ^fperai 7rait<ui^ teat crj (pdifievwv Xa^ere, afjcpi- 
 xoXoty afuvovg ypaiag • n yap ^eiiioy eti tovIe Tradog ^varoig 
 ay £^€vpo(e, rj nrihadai ^ayovra riKva, 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 ISl 
 
 Exercise C. 
 
 AnapcBsts. 
 
 SiWT. 5 Seven lines. 
 
 w irofiTTOiy ayere jie, Iva Xrj^ofxeOa otKTpag Kaffiyyrfrag aviKjivya' 
 dag, OTTOV 2e eXdoLfit, fxrjre fiiapog Kidaip(jjy eaidoL fie, jxrjTe 
 tyai ocraoKTi Kidaipijjyaj fxrire odi jjLyrjfJia Bvptrov ayakeirai ' 
 jjLEXoiev de aXXaio-t /3ay)("*C* 
 
 Sutrr. 6.— Six lines. 
 
 ovKETi, ovKen Brj d^e iraig deiXata ^vydovXevau) aoi ItiXanD yr]pq, ' 
 TOP Efiov de fiiov ov fXEraKXaiofjiaif aXXa Kpeiorawv Kaipoc, 
 S^aveiy, ZKvpriae fJLOi, 
 
 l^var, 7. — Three lines. 
 
 ovKovv (pdoyyog ye oute opvSwv ovte ^aXatrffTjg • oriyai de 
 avEuoiv E^ovai Kara tovBe EvpiTrov. 
 
 SucT. 8. — Five lines. 
 
 cyw 7rpn(T(T(a wpocjipovbjg raSc Toiirde TroXiraig, KaTavatTffajjLEvrj 
 avTov fjLEyaXag Kai dvcrapEcrrovg datfioyag. oXEdpog ds aiywy 
 afiadwEL E\dpaLS opyaig Kat fXEya f^tavovvra. 
 
 ) 
 
 o« 
 
132 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBTCA. 
 
 Exercise CL 
 AnnpcBsts. 
 
 "Zvar. 9. — T?iree linea. 
 
 0£v, 9£v, (JTtvayb) TO irapov -Krifxay to te tTrEO\o^ivov^ tttj ttote 
 yj)Y] TtpixuTa Ttovce iio)(dojy eTrireiXai. 
 
 2u<rT. 10. — Two lines, 
 
 11 tcXavau) tovq fxoyepovc kcu Cvfrcaifxovag areKyovg TroXefiap- 
 Xovg; 
 
 2uo"T. 11. — Three lines. 
 01 ^r/ra »cara eirtjvvfitav opOu}g Kai xoXvveiKeiQ wXovto diavoi(;f. 
 
 Ivnr. 12. — Five lines. 
 
 yvvai /3a<Tt\fia, Trpta^oq Ilf p(Ttue, (Tv te ttehtte xoag vtto '^aXa; 
 fiovg yrjgy ij^Eig te aiTrjffofjieda vi^irnig Ttojnrovc (pdijJLEPiOV ELiai 
 Evtppovag Kara yaiag, 
 
 2v<XT 13. — Seven lines. 
 aXXa, ^lE IlfXacywv, $pvoig ayadoim avTi ayadtor, Tzpocppujy Ce 
 
 TTEfllloV ^EVpO IJ/JETEpOP TTaTEpcl EvQapUT) AaVQOr, irpOVOOV KCU 
 
 (^ovXap\()y • Trac Tig EVTvKog etteltteiv ^poyov aXXodpooig ' Eiri 
 ^E ro Xti)(TTa. 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 133 
 
 Exercise CIL 
 AnapcBsts, 
 
 SuoT. 14. — Seven lines. 
 
 TO nEv Ev irpadduv t^v aKopearoi' Pporoiai • Kai fxaKapEC 
 E^oaay Tude ttoXlv fxey UpLUfiov kXEiy, vvv Ie, el UTroTiffEt 
 alfia TTpoTEpm'y Tig ttote fipoTiou tuCe aKoviov Ev^aiTO ay 
 (pvyai aaiyEi EaifjLOPi ; 
 
 2ucrT. 15. — Five lines. 
 
 (o TTcu, TUVTa fiEV KpEKTffoya xpv(Tov, (l>u)yEig h fiEii^ova fXEyaXrjg 
 TvxnQ ' X¥^S ^^ (TTvyeptjy TovTujy Tujy KpuTovvTwy ov^ baiai, 
 fiaXXoy ^E yEyEvrjrai Traiai. 
 
 ^vffT. 16. — Six lines. 
 
 Kai'VfiEtg xa*f>£7-6 • Efie h irpoTEpay ^pri oteix^iv aTTohi^ovffav 
 ^aXafiovg ' ffyEiaOE h vfieig, iroXiffffoyxoi naihg Kpavaov, 
 TOitrdE fiETOiKOig. ayadrj ^e diavoia ayadijjy Eirj noXiTaig. 
 
 SvffT. 17. — Three lines, 
 
 5 eoTt PpoToig itovfTL yyojyai TroXXa ' irpiv de L^eiv ovdets fjiayng 
 T(i)y fieXXoyrojv 6 tl Trpa^et. 
 
134 
 
 PRAXIS lAMBICA. 
 
 EXERaSE CIIL 
 AnapcBSts, 
 
 ^wrr. 18. — Six lines. 
 
 ENGLISH-GREEK INDEX. 
 
 « ^iO|JLaAL^ov Kat mp(7£(^ovr;c, Eptvvee re (T£/xvai naihg ^£«H, ai 
 ijHerepov irarpoQ, yiviaQt ttoXci rt e-jrapioyoi. 
 
 2w<rr. 19. — Seven lines. 
 
 w hivop TaOoQ avdpujTTOiQ i^ctv, a> ^eivoraroy iravroiy, oaa £yw 
 r)lrj trpoaiKvptra ' x^^P^y *^ fisXadpov ^v^K^povpoy efioi, vvv r£, 
 
 W Kp7)Vai nOTOV TE AvKlOV, XeiTTO^EV VfiaQ, XELTTOflEV, OV BtI 
 
 3utrT. 20.— Four lines, 
 
 iriSov PatTiXEL • (rr£ixwM£v KO(T^r)<TafiEVOi hTrXoig, Kai (ppa^u^fiEv 
 rah ^v/i/uaxt^i • raxci h av b /i£ra ^//xit^v ^at/xwv 5otr» vt^^v. 
 
 2u<rr. 21.— four /ine» 
 
 ravra fiot Iokel • oTra^oi, (TTEix^rE • x^'P^^-^ * ^'^'e ^' ^^»"^''"' 
 Xa(p££v, icai /X7J KafxvT^ nvi ^vvrvx*? ^»''?'-«>'» irpaerfffi £v- 
 
 END OP EXERCUES. 
 
 ABHOR — ALTTIOUGHo 
 
 Abhor, (rrvy4(i}. 
 
 Abide, /iicVw, iixuva. 
 
 to be Able, bwafxai [0]. 
 
 Abode, t2> 4'Sos. t6 Siyuo. 
 
 About, d^^t Tivi or nva.. irtpl rivos, 
 
 to be About to, jxtWo), with future, 
 
 present^ or aorist infinitive. 
 Above, vTTfp riva. "dvu. 
 Absent, air uu, from ^.Treifxi. 
 Accessible, ih-npSaoiaros, ov. 
 Accident, (rvfx- or ^v/jLcpopa (d). 
 Accompany, djxapriw. 
 Accomplish, ''o.vvrui [u], ^vCo-o. t6- 
 
 Aco;, eVw. ^v/jLirtpaivWy ^v/XTrfpavai. 
 on Account of, c/cdr*, after the genitive. 
 to speak Accurately, aKpl^dw. 
 of Achilles, 'AxtAAeZoy, d, ov [ax]. 
 Acquire, KTaajxai^ KCKTrj/xaif cum vi 
 
 prcBsentis = I possess. 
 Act the villain, iTavovpry4<a. 
 Add, 'irpo(r<p4p(i}j irpoaoiaw. 
 in Addition to, cVt Ttvi^ iirl . . . trphs. 
 
 Trphi to7<tS€. 
 Address, s. rh 7rp6(T(p6€yfxa. 
 Address, v. 'rrpocr(l)(i}v4(i> riy^. 
 Admiral, vavapxos. 
 Admire, ^rjAdw. 
 Adom, Koa 1x4(1}, 
 Advance, x^^P^^- 
 Advantage, rh u><p4\TJiJLa^ 
 good Advice, (v$ov\ld. 
 Advise, jBouAcvw. irdpcuvfcOf irapai- 
 
 v4a<t). 
 Aegean, At^aToy, d, ov. 
 Affair, irpayixd. 
 
 Affairs in our homes, Td — cV5<i/uo(y. 
 Afterwards, varepov. 
 
 Again, addis. ad. rraAiv [(£], 
 avOts + aS. 
 
 Again and again, judA' addh [d]. 
 
 Against, itrl riva. ivavrlov rivl. 
 
 Against each other, Kdr' dAA^Aeoi', 
 
 old Age, rh yrjpds, dat. r^ yfip^. 
 
 Aged, yepaihs^ d, hv, sync. d. f. 
 ypaia. yfpwv, y4povTos. 
 
 Aged man, irp4(T^vs. 
 
 Agree to, cvyxt^p^o) tiv\. 
 
 Ah me, oifjLoi. & fioi. ot *yw. 
 
 what Aileth me ? rl Trda-xo ; 
 
 Air, 6 Ka\ t) ald^p, aidepos. 
 
 in the open Air, 'viraldpios. 
 
 Alarm, ^o^. 
 
 to be Alarmed, rapP4a>, 
 
 to be utterly Alarmed, 4Kir\i]<T(T0fxai. 
 
 Alas ! of/ioj, <piv {sometimes extra me- 
 trum). 
 
 Alive, ^(wr, C^cra, ^wrroy. 
 
 All, ttSs, Tratrd, trav. Ends, 
 
 of All kinds, iravroloa^ d, ov, 
 
 by All means, iJ.d\iard [oAj. 
 
 All together, "dTrdy, "dTrdca, odrdv. 
 
 taking them All together, avvdfis, 
 
 when All is over, iw 4^iipyafffx4voi5. 
 
 Allege, rWrjiJ.1 [i]. 
 
 Alliance, tcfjSevfia. 
 
 it is Allowed, e^eari. 
 
 Ally oneself to, kt^Scuw rivd. 
 
 Alone, /mSvos, rj, ov, 
 
 let Alone, ed. 
 
 Already, ijSr). 
 
 Also, T6, enclitic, Kal. 
 
 Altar, 6 fiwfjLhs. 
 
 Although, Kaiirtp, always tcith a par- 
 ticiple. 
 
 \l 
 
13R 
 
 ALWAYS— BASKET. 
 
 BATHE — BOUNDARY. 
 
 137 
 
 Always, oel. See R. 43. 
 Amontr, h^ MCTot, u-ith dative. 
 Anarchy, ^avapx'io.. 
 Anchor, a-yKvpa [u]. 
 Ancestral, irdTpyos, d, 01/. 
 Ancient, ctpxo'o^, d, oi/. 
 And, Koi. re etie'.ido. 5k second word. 
 And yet, Koirot ; if a negative pre- 
 cedes^ ouSe. 
 Anger, 6 x<>Aos. ^ ^i'M^s- ^ mV'S- 
 Angry or angered, ^v/xovfievos. 
 Announce, ayY^Wd). 
 
 Anoint, XP''«', XP*"'^'^ [']• 
 Another, ixAoj, iAAi?, i\Xo. 
 ill Anoiuer direction, AAAoct. 
 Ans'ver, 'afid^ofiai. XP°-^ (if ^" 
 
 oracle). avT'i<pwv((t> nvl. 
 Any, Tts, tIvws, tow, &c., enclitic. 
 Anyone, rU, indef. and enclitic. 
 Anything, ft ti. 
 Anything else {in a negative sentence), 
 
 iwo fxrjSkv. 
 Anywhere {tcith verbs 0/ rest), irov. 
 
 (with verbs of motion) troi, both 
 
 enclitic. 
 
 Apart, x<»'P'y [']•, 
 
 Appariiiou, rh (pao-jud. to <pavTa(rfi(x. 
 
 7} 56^d, 
 Appear, (paiVoiuai, (pdvovnai, i<pdvnv 
 
 [d], ir(<paviJ.ai. (Kcpaivofiai, 
 Appear bright, npfnu). 
 Appear good, SoKt'o;, eSo^e. 
 Appeasing, KTjKirrvpios, ov. 
 Apply, eVd7« [d], iirri')(OV. 
 Approach, irpo(Tipxot*-ai, vpo(Tv\66v 
 
 rivi. o'Tfix'^' irpo<TiKviot^ai. ire- 
 
 Ad^w. 
 Argive, ^kp-ytTios. 
 of the Argo, "Apyuotj d, oi'. 
 Argument, 6 A(i7oj. 
 
 Arise, 4i'»'*o"''^M'*'' 
 
 Arm, & ^pdyluv [i], t'ovos. a>A€'n7. 
 
 Arras, xd orrAd. 
 
 Armv, tJ) (TTpdrtuud [d]. 6 (rrpdrbs. 
 
 Around, vfpi^. 
 
 Arrange, rld-nni [i]. 
 
 Arrive, epX^Ma** ^><^ov. itpiKviofiai, 
 
 d<piynevoi. 
 Art, r^xyri- 
 As, (ws, Stfws, 
 
 to be Ashamed, alax^voixat [v]. 
 
 OtO-xi'l'TJJ/ [u] €X« TiJ/J)S. 
 
 Ask (^beg), a*T€W or diraneu. 
 
 Ask (a •iiiestioii), epojuai, ipwTau). 
 
 Ank back, dTratTfO). 
 
 As'^enild'ige, ^ 6fX7)yvpts. 
 
 Assist, apKcw, dpKifjo) tiv\. w<pO\.i<i> 
 
 rivd. 
 Assistance, Trpo(TU}(pi\t](T\s. 
 Associate, xpdo/Liai, xpV(^ofiaij or ^0- 
 
 Assuranm, rh ^dpcos. 
 
 Assuredly, Trdi'Tws. 
 
 At all events, 70?!' (second uord). 
 
 t't be Altaciied, vpoanfu. 
 
 Attack, irpon^oKr]. 
 
 Attendant, 'vTnjpeT-ns. oirduv, ovui 
 
 [d]. npoaiToXoSy d Koi r}. 
 of Attica, 'Attik^s, ^, b»/. 
 having Authority, Kvpios [u], o, ou. 
 Avail, dp/ce'o), dpKicrw. 
 Avaricious, (pl\dpyvpos, ov. 
 A vaunt, cpire. 
 Avenge, rlnwp^co. 
 Avenge myself on, avriT'ivoixai, hint- 
 
 Ticru/xai [«'], rlaoixai [«J. 
 Avenger, Tifxwphs. 
 Avoid (one anxious to), (pfvywv, 
 
 OVTOS. 
 
 Awake up, i^eydpoixai. 
 go Away, <ppov5os fiaivu. 
 Awav ! €PTe. 
 
 B. 
 Babe, rh $p(<pos. 
 Back, s. vHnov. 
 Back. adv. irdXiv [dj.^ 
 Bad, Kofcby, ^, b»'. ^aCAoj, t?, ov. 
 Badly, KdKws. 
 Band, 6 \6xoi. 
 Banish, f|€Aauv«, -6^w, -ay. diroA- 
 
 \d(T(T(M). 
 
 to be Banished, ^Kirlirro), ^trrccrov^ai. 
 
 (pfvyw^ (piv^ovfxai, ir(<pivyd. 
 Banishment, (/) 1^7 ■^. 
 Barbarian, fidpBdpos^ ov. 
 Base, KdKhs, ^, ov. KaKlwv. KaKitrros. 
 Basely, otVxpws, aicrx^ov, alfo-xto-To. 
 Basket, rh Kaviov=Kavovv. [For the 
 
 accent, «ee Praxis Graeca, Part III. 
 
 /?. 13.] 
 
 J 
 
 Bathe, viirro). 
 
 Battle, iJ.dxV [d]. 
 
 Be, el/J-K eo-ojua', ^(rrai. ylyvouai, 76- 
 
 i/Vj<rOiua(, iy€v6iJ.r)V. 7re'(|)UKd, e^)!?!/. 
 may it Ik ! yivoiro. 
 Be it so ! €/€«'. 
 Be upon, eTrejjuT. 
 Bear (ssbring forth), tj'ktw, re'^cw, 
 
 TeVoKa, iriKOV. (pvw., e(pv(ra. 
 Bear (:=endure or carry), ^e'pw. 
 Beard, rh yevdov. 
 Beast, 6 ,&V> ^"nphs. 
 Beauty, rh' /cdAAo?, ixop<p^. 
 Because that, dvQ'' orov. 
 Become, yiyvoiJ.ai^yevnaoiJ.ai, ycyova, 
 
 7€7eVTj/uat, 767WS, 7e7<iTos. 
 it Becomes, XP^* 5^^« TpeTrei. 
 Bed, fVfT]. kMvti [i]. Tb Ae'xos. A.e«- 
 
 Beer (barley-wine), fif^v ex KpWwv. 
 Befall, 7171'OMa*- -^'e Become. 
 Before me (^= before I did), irpdrepov 
 
 4fX0V. 
 
 Before, Trplv, infin. irdpos [d], tf/YA 
 gen. irpdadev. irp6 rivos. vplv, ab- 
 solutely. 
 
 Beg, alriw. dirairiw. Siofxai, 
 
 Beg back, diraireo}. 
 
 Beggar, ttt^X''^' 
 
 Beget, (pv(D, e<pvaa. (pvTiVM, TtfCTW, 
 
 ereKOV. 
 
 Begin, dpxofJia.1. 
 
 Beginning, opx^- 
 
 on Behalf of, uirep, trfpi rivos. rivhs 
 
 eVcdrj or eVejcd. 
 Behold, Xevcraw. 
 
 Behold ! 'ISof;, verb ; iSou, interjection. 
 Beholder, ^euphs. 
 Being, &V, odcrd., ov. 
 Beloved, <|)lAo5, 1? ov [1], 
 Below, ivepOf. inrevipde. Kd.ru [d]. 
 Bemoan, arevco. 
 Beneath, inrh., gen. or dat. 
 Beneath the earth, ttjs yrjs vcpOev. 
 
 cj/epfle x^o*'''S. 
 Bend, Kaixtrru. 
 Benefit, ociVrj/iJ, &vTi(ra. 
 Beseech, Kiffffo^ai. 'iKVOvfiai. 
 Beside, tvith verb of rest, -napd rivi ; 
 
 with verb of motion, trapd nva. 
 
 Besides, irpbs rovroKTi. 
 Best,''dpt(rToy, 7j, oj'. KdAA^TToy, fcpd- 
 
 rtarros [d]. 
 as is Best, rd X^ard. 
 have the Best, Kpdr^u. 
 Bestow (in marriage a danehter, 
 
 collocare fliam), cKSiSo^t, i^eSwv 
 
 or i^e5uvv Kdprjv. 
 Betray, TrpoStScojUt, TrpoVSc»>v, TrpoSouy. 
 Better, /cpeiVtru;/', ''d/xeivuv, KaWloov 
 
 Betters, 01 Kp€i(r(rov(S. 01 Kpdrovvrfs. 
 Between (srspartaking of the nature 
 
 of both), /i6Ta(xMtoy, ov. 
 Bewail, diroifxoo^d}, -a'|ct>. KKaioi riv^L, 
 Bid, K€\€V(i}. 
 Bind, ffvv54(t), orvvidrjaa. 
 Bitter, TTiKphs., A, hv. 
 Blame, s. 6 \l/6yo5. alrld. 
 Blame, r. ixffj.(poiJ.ai. i\4yx(»>. alrid- 
 
 ouai. 
 to be Blamed, /JLC/Jiirrhs. 
 Bless, eij\oy((t). 
 Blessed, fxdKap, fid. ^pey [o-kI. 
 greatly Blessed, d jUt ' oAjSioy. 
 Blessings, rd /cdAa. 
 
 Blind, adj. rv(p\hs, ^, hv. 
 
 Blind, v. ridriixt Tu^Aby. 
 
 Blood, al/j-d. 
 
 Bloodshed, aT^a x^^''"^''. 
 
 stain with Blood, at,ud(r<raj, -|», 
 
 Blood-stained, tiiai<povos. 
 
 Blood-thirsty, ^tAal/tdroy, ov. nial(po- 
 vos, ov. 
 
 Bloody, ^ofi'ioy, d, ov. 
 
 Bloody-reekinff, alfidroardy^s, ks. 
 
 Blot out, i^d\dfpoiJ.ai. 
 
 Boast oneself, 4^cvxoiJ-ai. 
 
 Boasting, 6 KSfiiros. 
 
 Body, T^ awfxa. rh Se'/ufiy. 
 
 Boiling, C^uv. 
 
 Bolt, n\f}dpov. 
 
 Bone, oarfov. 
 
 to be Born of, ireipvKfvai. (pvvat. 
 
 Born, 7e7ws, yeyuad. 
 
 Both, adj. 6.ix<pw, 
 
 Both . . . and . . . re — koI. koX — t«. 
 Ktti — Ka\. 
 
 Bound, SeV/ijoy. 
 
 Bounds, Boundary, & rfpfiwv, ovos. 
 
138 
 
 BOY — CLOSE. 
 
 Boy, iroTy, irai^hs. 
 
 Branch, 6 AcAdSoy [<£]. 
 
 man of ]5ravery, avTjp et^Oxos. 
 
 Breath, iruoTj. 
 
 Breathe, irvfw. 
 
 Breathe forth, iicirv4<a, -evffu. 
 
 Breeze, ttuotj. 
 
 Bridal, vvfXipiiKhs, 9>, hv. 
 
 Bride, vv/j.<Pti. nSpr]. 
 
 no Bride, "duvfitpos. 
 
 one who leads a Bride, vvu<pdyxuyh^. 
 
 Briefly, (Twrfixvot. re/jiwu. 
 
 Bright, AoA47rp5v, d, hv. <^afvvhs, ^, ^i*. 
 
 Bring, dyw [d]. (pfpu, oXaw^ ivqvo. 
 
 XO, flVfyKOL, fjuCyKOK 
 
 Bring forward, 7rpo<^e^a>. 
 
 Bring near, npoffdyuy —iiyayov^ 
 
 -dydye. 
 Brother, Kaats [(£], 'dJeA^ity. Kaa-i- 
 
 71077 oy, Kdaiyv-qrov «dpd [dp], 
 Brotherless, 'di'd56A<^os [dS]. 
 Bulwark, epv/md. 
 Burn, trijjLTrpr^jxi, irp-fiffu. 
 Bury, ddiTTw. da;|*w. 
 Business, rb vpay/xd. 
 But, aWd. 
 
 But that, Sttoj? oux • • • [^X**"]' 
 Buy, uivio^ai. 
 
 By all means, fidXia-rd [oA]. 
 By the Gods, irphs ^(uv. 
 By thy beard, irphs yivdov. 
 
 c. 
 
 Cable. 6 kolXu^ [<£]. 
 
 Calamity, ^vfx- or (rvft<popd [a], 
 
 ir^^uu. KdKbv. "dTfj. Tvxv [v]. 
 what Calamity thou art in, V iJ 
 
 KaKOV. 
 
 Call, KoAc'ci), KaAeVoj, KfK\rjKa^ kck- 
 
 AtJiUO/, K\T]QT\(TOfJiai, (llTOVj illTUV. 
 
 Call forth, eV/cdAfoj, 
 
 Can, SDj/d^at, 5i>j/o<rai :s 5ui^, 5u- 
 
 VOTOi. (tQ4v(d. 
 Cannot, ou 5y»'o/iat, oy/c iy SOj'aijUT;;' 
 
 or (rdivoifxt. 
 it Cannot be, ou« ^o-tiv. 
 Captive, alxM-dXanHs, Idos [U, iSoi], 
 Capturable, 'dAwcT/ioy, ov. 
 Captured, alpfOels. 
 I Care for something, fi4\fi tI fxoi. 
 
 I Care not, ov <ppovTl^(i}, 
 
 I have no Care, 06 fioi <ppovrXs \X\, 
 
 take Care, 0DAaTTo/xai, 
 
 Catch, dypivo). 
 
 Carry, (pipw. KOjxi^o). 
 
 help to Carry, avyKOfxi^w. 
 
 Cast, jSdAAo). 
 
 Cast out, €«§aAA«, 4K6a\w, 
 
 Cast in one's teeth, iirnrXiiaffw t. 
 
 Cause, aJfrtos, d, oi/. 
 
 Ceasf, TTavo^ai^ TTfiravficu, 
 
 Certain, riy, enclitic. 
 
 Cessation, rj SiaKvaU. 
 
 Chain, 6 Sta/jihs, plural, ra Sccr^ 
 
 Chamber, 6 ^dKdfxos, ov [d\]. 
 
 Change, 5. 7/ /j.eT daTdais. 
 
 Change, v. ixcrdSdWu. 
 
 Chariot, 'dTTT)vT]. rh fip/id. &inv^f 
 
 vyos. 
 Charioteer, apfxdr-qXdrris [c£]. 
 Chastisement, ffutppdvtffyid. 
 Cheerful, fij<ppwv, ovos. 
 Chief, "dua^^ Ai^uktos. 6 (pics, (pccrhs. 
 Chiefly, ixaKiara [aA]. 
 Child, rh TfKvuv. vrjirios, d, ov. 
 belonging to his Child, iraiSuos, d, ov. 
 Childless, &iraiSy "dxaiSos. "driKPOs 
 
 (6 Kol 7]). 
 
 having many Children, Tru\vTfKvos, 
 ov [{,]. 
 
 mother of fair Children, cinroiy. 
 Choose (=:will), ^ovKofxai. ^4\(a. 
 Choose (=make a choice), alpfofxaif 
 
 uk6ht)v, e\f(rdai. 
 Citiless, &iro\is. 
 
 Citizen, ttoXIttjs [i], -rroX^rai. ddarhs. 
 City, 7} TrdAts, or metri yratia, irr6\is. 
 
 rh Aarv. 
 Clasp, airrofxat rivos. 
 Clatter, 6 Krviros [u]. 
 Clear, (Td<p)]s. iix<pdu^s. ropbs. 
 make Clear, adfprjvi^w. 
 rise Clear, -rrpeirw. 
 
 Clearly, ffdrpus, crd(p4ar€pov. ropws. 
 Clever, cro<pb5y ^, bv. Seivbs, ^, bv. 
 Cling to, ix^H-o-'-, ^o/uLui rivos. 
 Close (^ shut), avyK\iiu. 
 Close (ss bring close together), ivv- 
 
 dirrw. 
 
 COINCIDE — DAUGHTER. 
 
 139 
 
 Coincide, avix'Trnru [I]. 
 
 Cold, \pvxpbs, d, bv. 
 
 Colt, 6 irwKos. 
 
 Come, (px^/J-ai. el^i, eAi^At^a, ^A- 
 
 60V, eA0e. ^fxoXov. fxidiard/xai'. 
 
 OLipiKVkOfxai, d<pi^op.ai, CKpiKo/J-T^v. 
 
 'iKVCofiai, 'ik6ixt]V^ 'iKoijxriv. 
 I am Come, or J have Come, ^kw 
 
 Trdpii/J-i. ''dcpiKduTjv. 
 Come ! (id. 
 
 I had Come, riKov, €s, « 
 Come forth, x^P^^- «'^fPXOA*«». ''^po- 
 
 6aivw. 
 in Comfort, koXus. 
 Commence a contest, (TTdaiv [d] rvy- 
 
 Xdv(t). irporiQj)ixi. "dp-iKkdv. 
 Common. Koivbs, ^, bv. 
 Companion, ^Ai|, rjAiKo?, d/xriXi^. 
 Compendiously, (Tv\\auSdv<J*. 
 Complete, Trepaivcc. "'dvvrco, Ijvvad. 
 
 TcAe'cc, it shall be completed, re- 
 
 AeTrat. 
 Conceal, Kpinrro). Kevdu. 
 to be Concealed, KeKcvda. 
 Concerning, it-epi tlvos. 
 Conclusion, rb reAos. 
 Conductor, TrojUTraTos. 
 Confound, auyx^c^, avvix^a. 
 Confuse, <TU7X6'«, (Tvvexv&'nv [«^]» 
 Conjecture, avfxSdWu}. 
 Connexion (by marriage), 6 KTjSei/wi', 
 
 KTjSeuffds. 
 one must Conquer, vliaiTfov. 
 Consider (=hold, lifie the Latin diico, 
 
 habeo), T)yiOnai. exw. KoylCofiai. 
 Contend, fxdxouai [oj. 
 be Content, (nipyw. 
 Contest, 'd7w»', wvos. 7] (rrdvts [d], 
 
 "d/jLiWd, 7]s. 
 Contrary to, inravra^. 
 Contribute, |u/i§aAAo^at. 
 Contrivance, rb adcpiafid. 
 Contrive, fiov\evw. 
 Convey, koixICw. iropevo ; to one's 
 
 own house, Koyii^ofxai is Z6fi.ovs. 
 get secretly Conveyed, vTr€KTldT)ixi. 
 Convincing, €uir€i0T?s. 
 Corpse, d v4kvs. 6 v^Kpbs. <p6vos, col- 
 lective = corpsei. 
 
 Couch, rb At'xos. (ov^. tffxviov. 
 
 Ko'iTy]. 
 Counsellor, TrpdiovXas. 
 Countless, ixi'pios^ d, ov {note the ir- 
 
 re</u'ar accent). 
 Country, X^pd- 
 one's Country, Trdrpis, iSos [*]. Td- 
 
 rpd, as [dr]. 
 Courage, avbpid. 
 take Courage, be of good Courage, 
 
 ^ap/Sf'o*. 
 Cover, d^Trf'xw. Kpvirrto. 
 Coward, SdXbs. 
 Covvardice, beiXid. 
 Cowardly, "dvavSpos, ov. 
 Credit, rb /cAe'os. 
 Creep or creep along, epirw. 
 Creep secretly over, v(p4pTrw rwh. 
 Crime, alrid. 
 
 to be at the Crisis, jULeaSu. 
 Cros!^, Trepdco. Siairepdu}. 
 Crowd, 6 oxAos. 
 Crown, s. ar4(t)dvos. 
 Crown, v. ar4(p(t}, iffrc/xfxai. 
 Cry, )3oi 
 
 Cry aloud, aj/oAoAuCa>, -|«. 
 Cunning, aocpbs, )/, bv, 
 Cup,»7rc«j/xd. 
 
 Curse, Kdrdpa, as [pa], dpd [ap^]. 
 Cut, r4fjLV<t), irijxov. 
 Cut through, SidAa7xa''w, AaX^"'* 
 Cut to pieces, KdTa|atV«. 
 
 D. 
 
 Daily life, Kd0' T]pL4pdv jSioy. 
 
 Danger, 6 Kivdvvos. 
 
 Dare, roKixdw^ ToAjuijtrw. tA^juj, €T- 
 
 ATJf. 
 
 one must Dare, roXixrjr4ov. 
 
 Daring, tj rdXfid, rb ^pdaos [a]. 
 
 Daring deed, rb r6Xfjif)txd. 
 
 Dark, yue'Ads, aiva, dv. 
 
 Darken, aKordu. 
 
 Darkness, 6 ffKdros. 
 
 Dash down, intrans. ffK-fjirrw. 
 
 Dash down, trajis. ^dpdacxo). 
 
 Daughter, ^vydr-qp [a], bvydrpibs^ 
 
 dvyarcp, ^vyarepes, ^vyarpdau 
 
 7} TraTs, TTaiBbs. KdpTj, 
 
140 
 
 DAT — DO. 
 
 DO — EVKRYATHERE. 
 
 141 
 
 Day, ■^,u€ptt. 
 
 one Day, itotc, enclitic. 
 
 Dead, idfwv, ovaa, hf. KarOavuv. 
 
 Dead body, 6 v(kv<.. 6ee Corpse. 
 
 I w;i3 I).-ad, idi'i](TKov. 
 
 Deadly, i^di/oo-Ijuos, ov. 
 
 Dear, ' (^lAos, tj, ov [}]. irpo(T<p'i\if]S, 
 
 \ 
 
 €S. 
 
 Dearer, 4>iAT€pos. 
 
 Dearest, (piKraros. 
 
 Deatti, d rda.va.TO', [a]. 6 fi6poi. 
 
 he Deceivtd, KAeVro^at. 
 
 Deceivinj; a iVi.ud. ^evuTrdTTjs [cit]. 
 
 Decide, Kpaivufy infidiOjjy. 
 
 Decide a suit, hiayiyvuxTKca SI/ct;;/ 
 
 'J- 
 Declare hef )rchand, irpocTrj/xaiuw. 
 
 Decree, 6 ^((Ximus. 
 
 Deed, rb ipyov = rovpyov. 
 
 Deem, J/o,ai(,*a>. ifyfo/xai. 
 
 Deem happy, oAgt(>- ^vSaifiOfiCi^. 
 
 fiOLKapl^OJ. 
 
 the Deep, rh irfXayoi. 
 
 Deeply, fxtya. 
 
 Defender, ''dpuryhs. 
 
 Deign, a^iou). 
 
 Deity, SaliLLCcu^ ^alfjLOUOS. 
 
 Delay, /lifAAo. ^pdSiivw. (rxo^d^o. 
 
 we miidt D<'lay, fXfWri'^^ov. 
 
 Deliverance, 'd7raAAd7v;. 
 
 Delitfht, Ttpiro. 'ij^ijuai. iV(ppaiv<i). 
 
 with Ueiiirht, i^fos. 
 
 Demanti t):ick, aTraiTco;. 
 
 I will D-purt, "dTTfijLtt. airaWaffaw. 
 
 Departing (= having gone, went and 
 
 , . .), /loKwu. 
 it has Departe.l, fiid'nTTafxai^. 
 Deprie, aTtf^fw. 
 Deprived, A^juopov, ov. r7}ru!H€voi. 
 
 epn/xos, ov. ioT^priixivos. 
 be Deprived of, avo\(iirofxai. See 
 
 R. 4., note *. 
 Desert, (pr^jxid. 
 Deserts, t^ i-rrd^id. 
 Deserted, (pVH-^os, ov. ii6vos^ 77, ov. 
 Deserving, H-^^os^ d, ov. 
 
 Design, s. rh $ov\evna. 
 
 Defci^'n, r. ^uv\Uu, ^StgouAfu/iOi, 
 
 /j.evoivd(i). 
 Desire, s. 6 irod-js. flii^pos. 
 Desire, r. ixaffTixxa. 
 Defepojl, ipi]iAi'>w. See li. 44. e. 
 Dcspondini,', €k6vuos, ov. 
 Destroy, alp€(ti, u\ov. KaTaffKa-rrrca, 
 
 KdT€(TKd(p7]v. 5ia<p9(ipo), ^lecpdapKO. 
 
 iLirSWvfxi, airuXfffa. Kddciipfoc, Ko^ 
 
 QilKov. TTOpdetA}. e|€Ai'i/, Hx. 97. 17. 
 Destruction, oKfOpid. (pdopd [a]. 
 Destructive, 6\(9pii)S, d, ov. 
 Determined, Seboy/xtvos. 
 Device, iJ.T}xdf^. )8ouA€U)ud. Te'xJ'T?. 
 Dice, ol Kv€oi [v]. 
 Die, ^vi](JKOiy ddvovfxai., Ti6vt]Ka^ 
 
 iddvov., reOvdai. KaTaQvT](TK(D., Kdr* 
 
 ddvovfxai., KaTddvuv. 
 Die with, crvvQvi]CTK(t}., ffvviOdvov. 
 Die for, viT(pdvi}aK(i). 
 Die on behalf of, irpoQvT]CTKu), trpoij- 
 
 Qdvov. 
 Difficult, irpoo-dvTTjy, es. 
 with Difficulty, xa^f'rws. 
 Direct, v. vwfxdw. 
 Disclose, dvoiyu). 
 Discover, navOdvco, ffxdOov. ^|€y- 
 
 piaKUf. ivpicTKv, ri'vprj^ai. 
 Disease, r] voaos. 
 Diseased, voffwv (=i/0(rfW), voffovV' 
 
 TOS. 
 
 Disgraceful, al(rxpbs, d, ov. 
 Disgracefully, aiVxf^ws, aiffx^ov, aX- 
 
 o'xto'Ta. 
 Disgust, "dcrrj. 
 
 Di^honour, 'dTiTid^c?, aTiixdu. 
 Dishonoured, "dTi'uos. 
 Dishonourably, 'oTi^Liajs [i]. 
 Disorder, 'dicoo-^id. 
 Disorderly, ^aKdirixu'S. 
 to be Dispirited, dOvfifu. 
 Dispositions, rh Arj^a. 
 Disturb, Tdpaccra', -^o). 
 Divine, SZos, 8rd+, ^lov. 
 Do, 5pdu), Spdau) [d]. irpdrro). iroicct 
 
 ipyd(oixai, tlpyafffxai., dpydaau 
 
 t fi-niA, 27<Z, Au4, are the only feminine adjectWei in m with the* »hort 
 
 what are we to Do? ri Spwficv; 
 
 Dog, Kvwv^ Kvvhs. 
 
 Doing, rh irpdyixd. 
 
 Doors, TTvXai [uj. 
 
 Double, StTrri^xo?, 77, ov. 
 
 in a Doubtful way, Slx^Ppoirws. 
 
 Down, Kara) [d]. 
 
 Drag, i\KU}, eA|c«j. CTrdw. i(nrdadr}t'. 
 
 dv4\K(t}. 
 Drag from, dirocnrdou, -daw [d]. 
 Draw, airdu^ eandaa. 
 Draw forth, €|e'A/cw, e|erA;co»'. 
 Dread, s. Ser^ua. 
 Dread, v. rapSeo). 
 Dreadful, Seivhs, ^, hv. 
 Dreadfully, Seivhv. 
 Dream, 6 oveipoSy irreg. plur., ra 
 
 oviipdrd, and uveipd. 
 Dress, (TToA^. 
 Drink, irlvu) [f]. iriojuat, TreTrwKd, 
 
 iTTlOV. 
 
 Drive from, e|-, or ctTrcAaufw, ^Ad- 
 
 (Ta. 
 Drive beyond, /8dAAa> e|«. 
 Drive off, 'd^uOi'w [uJ. 
 Dust, V /cdm. 
 
 Dwell, oIk€(i}. vaici) SS/jlov. olKi^o/jLai. 
 cause to Dwell, oIk'i^co. 
 Dwell with, avvvaiu}. 
 Dweller, Krlr^s. 
 
 E. 
 
 Each, ofttt'o ihim/s, kKdnpos [d]. 
 Each, of two or more., (Kaaros. 
 Each other, dW-qAw, 01. 
 Ear, rh ovs, wrhs^ ual. 
 Earth, 7^. (the ground), oiJSdy. 
 beneath the flarth, x^^^^os. 
 Easily, pabius, paov, paard. 
 Easy, patios, pduv, paarros. 
 Easy (of approach), ^virp6(ToiaroSy ov. 
 Eat into, tdtrro) ri. 
 Echo, 'Hx<i>. 
 Edge, Kpd(Tire^ov. 
 Efficacious, Spaarrjpios, ov. 
 Either ... or, eJfre . . etre. ^ . . fj. 
 Electra, 'HAe'/crpd. 
 Else, &AAoy, 77, o. 
 
 Embrace, irpoairrvacrouai, -ttt '^ouai. 
 dairdCofJi-ai. 
 
 Embroidered, iroi/ciAoy, rj, ov. [For 
 the accent, see Praxis Graica, 
 Part III., /?. 27. J 
 
 P^nd, s. TeAeuT^. 
 
 End, V. TeAeurduj. Auou. 
 
 Endure, (^epw. e^dv4xoiJ.ai. 
 
 Enemy, ix^pos^ d, bf. iroKdfxios, d, 
 01/. 
 
 bitterest Enemy, «/., superlative. 
 
 Enfold, irepi^dWca Tivd. 
 
 Enigma, atviy/iid. 
 
 ^"j'\^'> Xpa^^Mct', XPVf^ofiai. dvivrjixi, 
 
 ovrjao}^ &VT]ad nvos. 
 Enjoy myself, eixppaivu) ifiavrhv, 
 P^njoyment, uv-qais. 
 Enleagued, (vairovSos. 
 Enough, "dAls. 
 it is Enough, apxe?. 
 Enquire, la-ropew. i^i<TTop4<a. irvvdd- 
 
 voixai. 
 Enrich, TrAoyri^lw. 
 Enter, dcipxoixai, €lai]\66v ri. elor- 
 
 Saivw. 
 Enter together, avveiaSaivct}, ~(§rjv. 
 Enter on a contest, is ardalv [d], 
 
 'dTTepxoua'. 
 Entertain guests, ^efoSoxf'w. 
 Entrance, t] (tcroSos. 
 Entreat, dvTouai riva. 
 Enviable, (tjAwtos. imcpQovoSj ov. 
 Enwrap, irepnrTvaara). 
 Equipment, (n6\i<Tixd. 
 Err, 'd^xaprdvca or e^au. 
 Error, s. rh a.fxirXdK'rjiJ.a [dj. 
 to be in Error, ac^dWofxai. 
 Escape, 6'., T] %K€dais. 6 nSpos. 
 Escape, i\ 0€vya}, (p^v^o/uiai., ire- 
 
 <p(vya, €(pvyov ; also e'/c and vneK- 
 
 (pcvyw. dia(p€vyw. 
 Escape notice, \avddvw, iXd66v riva. 
 Even if, Kal-\-tv. 
 Even though, id. 
 at all Events, 7oui^. 7^, enclitic 
 Ever, 'dei, alel, alev. irore. 
 Every, Tras, ird(ra, irdv. 
 Every man. Tray, ttSs rh. Tras dv^jp. 
 Every one, Trds. Trds tis. 
 Every thing, iravra. 
 in Every wny, Tra^rdx^. 
 Everywhere, Trai'Taxou. 
 
142 
 
 EVIL — FlRE-SlGNAL. 
 
 Evil, KaKhs, f/, hv. <pav\ns, 77, of. 
 
 with Evil mind, kokus (ppoufwu. 
 
 Evil, s. KOLKhv. 6 irdvos. 6 1x6x^0$. 
 
 Exasperate, ^70'. 
 
 Excel, virep<pfpw. 
 
 Excellent, icrdKbs, ^, hv. "aptcTTO^. 
 
 most Excellent, "apurros. <p4pL<TTos. 
 
 Excellently well, Ka.\\i<Trd 5t;. 
 
 Except, ttAV, tvitk genit. 
 
 Excuse, T] irp6(pd<T'is. 7] alria. tj (TK^- 
 
 Exhiiust, e^avrKfW. 
 
 Exhortation, irdpaivfah. 
 
 Expect, TrpoaSoKOLca. 
 
 to head an Expedition, ffrp&TTjXaTfu. 
 
 Expel, 4^€\avi/(a. (^eAci;, as, ^. iKavvw. 
 
 Expos.-, iKTidrji^i. 
 
 Expression, 6 Xoyos. 
 
 Extend, (kt^'ivw. 
 
 Eye, rb u/iifxa. 6 dtpdaXfihs. 7] Kdpr}. 
 
 ^Kicpapov. 
 Eyeball, t/ K6p-t]. 
 Eyelids, to. ^Aeipdpa, 
 
 F. 
 
 in his Face, havriov. 
 
 Face, vixfia. rd irpotrujTrd. 
 
 Fail = faint, dvdpTjKa. = miss, 'a- 
 
 ixaprduco, ^ifiaprov. a<pdWufxai^ 
 
 i(T<pd\T]v [a.]. 
 Fail utterly, tlduapTovw. 
 Faint, irpuXiiiru}. 
 Fair, e'uTrpeTrrjs, es. 
 mother ol' Fair children, fijirais. 
 Fair or Fair-haired, ^avdhs, ^, hv. 
 Faith, 7) iricrrls. 
 Faithful, Tficrrhs, tj, hv. 
 Fall (of a city), ij^dKutrU. 
 Fall, iriirroo, ■trcffovfxai, iriTrTWKa, 
 
 (TTiaov. -rrnvco [ij. 
 Fall in, ffv/xviirru). 
 Fall on, (ixiriirrw. 
 Fall from, iKirivTu. 
 Fall upon, TTiirTQ} tv rivi, irpo<Tiriirru 
 
 rivl. 4iT€i<ririiTTu. 
 Fail short of, Aftiro/iai rivos. 
 False. \p(v56(p7jfJ.os, ov. 
 False-prophet, ^^livhSfxavrXs. 
 False to his name, \|/€y5wyv/ios. 
 
 Family, b oIkos. rb ^w/jA, 
 
 Famt)U3, KAeifbs, ^, bv, 
 
 as Far as, fls liaov. 
 
 Fare, npdffCTU}, TTiirpdya, 
 
 Farewell, X'**^^* x«'P^'''*«'» 
 
 Fare ye well, x'^'P^Tf. 
 
 Fastened, iraffadK^vrbs. 
 
 Fate, TVXV [«^]. 
 
 Fated, trfirpwrai. 
 
 Father, ttot-J^p, irarphs, irarp), to» 
 Te'pd, irdre^ [d|, ■naTpd<Ti [d]. 
 
 of one's Fattier, -ndrp^os, ^'d, yoi'. 
 
 Fatherland, -ndrpd. irdTplSj iSos [f]. 
 
 Fatherless, ""dirdTup [dr]. 
 
 Favour, i} x«P'5 [dj. 
 
 Favourable (wind), oijpioSy d, oi'. 
 
 Fear, s. & <p66os. 
 
 in Fear, rpeads. 
 
 Fear, r. [Set'Sw], eSetad, S^SoiKa^ cum 
 
 vi pnTsefitis. rpiu, rp4(Tu. (poSeofxai. 
 Tap€e(t}. 
 
 do not Fear (=scruple), /x/j a/Seo/Aot. 
 
 Fearful, Seivhs^ v, bv. 
 
 Feast, 3dAjd, as. 7/ SaTs, Satrbj. 
 
 Fellow-citizen, darbs. 
 
 thy Fellow-slave, o-uj/5ovA({s oiQfV. 
 
 Fellow-trader with, ^vviixiropos. 
 
 Female, drjAi/s, eld, h. 
 
 Fetch, dyu., d|a>. 
 
 come to Fetcii, /.LeTdpxofiai. 
 
 Few, 6\iyos, rj, 01/. (Note the irre- 
 gular accent.) 
 
 but Few, oKiyoi [«']. 
 
 Field, 6 yin]i, ov. 
 
 Fifty, Tr(VTi)Kovrd. 
 
 Fight, fxdpvdixai. fxdxofiai. 
 
 Fight a fight, 'dywvi^ofxai ''dywvd. 
 
 Fight against or with, fiaxofJiai rivi. 
 
 hard to Fight with, Sycr/udxos. 
 
 Fighters mounted in chariots, ^irt- 
 ardrai [d] dpfidruv [d]. 
 
 Fill up, irXrjpoo. 
 
 to be Filled, nXriOu nvbs. 
 
 Find, evpiaKUj euprjaw, TjuprjKu. 
 rwpov, evpuv^ ivpedrjv. i^fvpicKU. 
 (= light upon), \ajj.€dvu). 
 
 Fine, AcTrrby, ^, bv. 
 Finish one's course, ^dvvTOD [v]. 
 Fire, rb irPp, irupby. 
 Fire-signal, 6 (ppvKTbs. 
 
 rmsT — GET. 
 
 143 
 
 First, trpwTos^ 77, o»/. 
 
 be First, <^0d»/w. [d.J 
 
 First of all, rb irpurov. 
 
 First = before that time, itdpoidev 
 
 for the First time, irpSirov. 
 
 holds First place, vlKaoo. 
 
 in the First place, rrpuruv fdv. 
 
 First-fruits, ''dnapxT). 
 
 Fit, xph- fiKbs. 
 
 Fitting time, & Kaipbs. 
 
 Flash, rb o-e'Ady. 
 
 Flatter, at/cdAAw. ^(aTrevu. 
 
 Flesh, Kpeds, g. pi. Kpfuv. t) crap^, 
 
 ffapKbs. 
 Flight, ({>vy^. 
 Flock, iroi/uLV^. 
 
 Flourish, di'deoj. (vrvx^<»>. ^dAAw. 
 Fly, ^eiryw, </)6i;^0juai, TTfcpfirya^ 
 
 %<pvyov. 
 Fly from, <pivyw^ with accus. 
 Flying, <pvyds^ ados [dJ. 
 Foam, aA/uLit. 
 
 Fold, i) TToi/JLVT}. 
 
 Follow, eVojuat, €i|/0juaj, e'nr6ixr}Vy 
 
 k(Tir6fXT]v. 
 Follow after, jxiriifii ri. 
 as Follows, rdSe. 
 Folly, fiupid. 
 Fond, <pi\os, 71, ov [t]. 
 to be Fond of, ipdofiai, Tjpda-drjv. 
 Fool, Foolish, /JLupos. fidrotoy, d, ov 
 
 [a]. 
 Foot, irous, 7ro55y, iroal. 
 
 on Foot, ire^s, 7/, bv. 
 
 Footstep, TToduv I3d<ris [d]. 
 
 For, conj. yap [iiever first word). 
 
 For, prep. vTTip rivos. 
 
 Forbid, (XTraySdctf, d7t7\vZo)V. 
 
 Force, /3id, 
 
 Foreign, fidp€dpos, ov. 
 
 Foretel, Trpohw^itw, ^effTri^oo. 
 
 Forethought, irpofjLTidid. Trpdvoid. 
 
 Form, rb elSos. rb Sffxds. 
 
 the Former, 6 irdpoiQe [d]. 
 
 Formerly, irore, enclitic, Trdpos [d]. 
 
 Trp6<Td€V. 
 
 Forsake, TrpoSi'Scufit, 
 
 Forth, c|w. 
 
 be Fortunate, evri/xtw*. 
 
 Fortune, or good Fortune, rixv [v], 
 
 rd ^ ay add [a], 
 fihall be Found, TrdpcVrou. 
 Four-horsed, redpnnroSf ov. 
 Fourth, r4rapTos. 
 Fragment, \(i\pdvov. 
 Free, adj. iKfvdcpos^ d, ov. 
 Free, t'. aTraWdaau) rivd rivos, (See 
 
 /e. 46.) 
 Freed, dc^ejjueVoy. 
 Freedom of speech, Tra^^rjaria, 
 Freely, iKevdepws. 
 Fresh-killed, veoa<pdy^s. 
 Friend, (p^iXos., rj, ov [l], ^ivos. 
 Friendless, "diplXos. 
 Friendly, ^lAlos, d, ov [t]. (p^KoSf 
 
 7), ov. (pilXd^ivos, ov. 
 not Friendly, (xij <pi\os. 
 Friendship, ^(vid. 
 to be Frightened or amazed, iK- 
 
 Tray\4oinai. 
 From, d7r5, e'/c, get2it. rrapd [d], id. 
 Front (between two armies), rd /xe- 
 
 ralxixid. 
 Fruit, 6 Kaptros. 
 Fruitless, 'dwdpTrcoTos, ov. 
 Fulfil, e»c7rijU'rA7j;Ut, (KTrkTjau. 
 Full, 7rA6oy, d, ov. ttAcu'S, irAed, 
 
 TrAeajv. 
 Funeral-pile, t] Trvpd. 
 Future, /xcAAoiv. 
 for the Future, Trpoaoo. is rb Xonrbv, 
 
 G. 
 Gain, Kepdaivu., KepSavS), iKepddva. 
 
 rvyxdvu), rfv^oixai, eriixov. Krdo' 
 
 fJiai. 
 Gain for oneself, atpeo^i, eiA<J/iTjj/, 
 
 eXeadai. 
 Gain a thing from a person, rvyxdvot 
 
 ri rivos. 
 Gain this (victory), (KviKau rd5f. 
 Gain or Gains, rb Ktpdos. 
 will Gainsay, avrepeto. 
 Garland, rb arecpos. 
 Garment, & TrcTrAos, 
 Gate, iruA77 [i ]. TrOAw/xa [wj. 
 General, 0'TpdT777bs. 
 (ieneraied, 7ev€d, as. 
 Get, KVOiWy with gen. 
 
I 
 
 144 
 
 GET — HASTEN. 
 
 Get in time, ^Bavu [a]. 
 
 Gf t rid of. aira\\dcrff(t) ti. 
 
 Gift, Swpov. ^wpriiuLd. 
 
 Girl, KopVy K6pr}s. 
 
 Give, SlSwjuI, 5w(ra>, 5e'5a>»co, tSw/ca, 
 
 Give in return, dvTi5i5a';Ut. 
 Give out, e/cStSoj/x*, e|«5«i'. 
 Give up, ^le^i7J|xl [t], )ueO^<Tw, /if- 
 
 Glad, ideAa'*/, ^eAoutra. 
 Gleam, t5 (re'Adj. 
 Glorious, (vK\€Tjs, (S. 
 
 I will Go away, "dirfi/M. 
 
 Go awav, a7roAAd(Jcro|UOi. 
 
 Go hack, diTfpxofiai, dTr7}\dov aydls. 
 
 Go hflow, dTTft/Ul KOLTU [dj. 
 
 I will Go, fl/xi. 
 I must Go, TTop(vr4ov ^loi. 
 (Jo into, (i(r4pxo!J-at^ (tcreifii. 
 I will Go out of, f^fiui. with <ien. 
 to Go out of, t^oa iTa.p-i]K(t). 
 Goad, Keurpou. 
 (iod, &€t)5. Saijuwi', ovos. 
 liV tht' Gods, irpi>s ^euv. 
 Goddess, ^ea. 
 
 I am Going, cT/ii, cwm vifuturi. 
 Gold, 6 xpi'fl'^s- 
 Gold-wroupht, xP^'^'^^°-'^°^* °^' 
 Golden, xp^'^^^^-' ^i <'^*'- 
 I am Gone, ofx"Ma'» aTrolx^fxai. 
 Good, 'd->d(^bs, Tj, bi/. ioSKhs, v, hv. 
 XpTjarbs, ^, hv (note, a// oJci/tune ; 
 
 so aJso KOLKhs). 
 
 Good-fortune, rd *d7d0d. rvxy [i^]. 
 Great, /u«7«'5, ncydKr] [dJ, ^f7a. 
 what a Great! oaos. ohs. ws fxi-yas. 
 Greater, /iei(,*ci>»'. irXei'ajv or ttXcuv. 
 Greatest, /nfyiaros. 
 Grecian, 'EAArjW/cbs, ■);, ov. "EWtjv, 
 
 TjVOS. 
 
 Greece, tj 'EAAds [d], dSoj [d]. 
 Greek, "EAArjj/. 
 Grief, rh ir4>do5. 
 
 Grieve, trans. Auirf ou. intravs. or pass. 
 \(nrovnai. dX'yto), tiv dA7ot7js. 
 
 Grievous, oAyeivhs, ^, hv. dx^etv^S, 
 
 more Grievous. dA7rft>v [i]. 
 Groan, s. 6 yoos. 6 (Treuaynds. 
 Groan, r. olixwC^^ ^/.iw|a. anvaQa^ 
 
 -d^U). (TTivO). 
 
 Groan for, vinpariiw Tivhs, (TTcVw 
 
 TJ. 
 
 Groan secretly, 'inroarivo). 
 
 Groaning, b areva'/fius. 
 
 Grope for, ipividoj ti. 
 
 Ground, ir4S >v. to ovSds. 
 
 on the Gr jund, xd^a^- 
 
 to the Ground, X'^M'*'* X^-f'-H^- ^* 
 
 TTfSov. e's ou5ds. 
 Grow, av^duo/xai. 
 Grudge, (pdovfu. 
 Guard, (ppoupfu. exw. 
 to Guard against, (piiXdcraw. 
 Guess, TeKiJ.aipoiJ.ai. 
 Guest, ^4yos or ^uvos. 
 Guide, i]yfiJ.wi/. 'v(pT]yT}T^s. 
 
 U. 
 
 Hades, "At 5r; 5, ov. 
 
 Hail, x°-^P^> x^'V^''"^- 
 
 Hair, KOjUTj, 
 
 Hand, x^'f*' X^^P^^y ^"^ without i/ie 
 
 *, X^po^ X^po*"*'. X^po-^;^ 
 hotii I lands, aiJ.<pi^e^ioi 'd/c/tai. 
 Handicraft. xf'P'^»'«4*d. 
 Hang, Kpi}idvvv{j.i^ npefxaffu) [d], 
 
 fVpejudct^Tji'. 
 Happen, TU7xdj/a>. yiyvofxai. 
 Happiness, 6 u\€os. 
 Hai-py, (VTvxh^i f^. o\€ioSf d, 01/. 
 
 fxdKdpiu^ [dp]. 
 to bo Happy, evSaifioviu, 
 to call Happy, oAgi^iw. 
 HarV)our, 6 At^V, Aiju^j/os. 
 it is Hard, 5€i»/5»/. 
 Hard-mouthed, &(TTOfxos. 
 Hard to look upon, Suafic'dros, ov. 
 Harm, s. rd Kdwd. 
 Harm, v. Krjpa'u'u}. 
 Harmonious, eijp^vdfios, ov. 
 Harsh, ttAtj^u^sA/jv, ts. 
 ]Iarshness, rpdx i^ttjs [v], injTOS, 
 Harvest, Th ^fpos. 
 Hasten, a-irivdw. airipxoiJuax, 
 
 HAT IP. 
 
 146 
 
 Hat, T] Kxivri. 
 
 Hate, ex^w. /xiaeco. 
 
 Hateful, f'x^P^s, ix^'^^^y ^xOiorros. 
 
 (TTvyfphs^ d, ov. 
 I am Hateful, ex^atp^'M"'- 
 Haughty in expression, <Te/j.v6(TTotios, 
 Have, 6X'*'' ^^''''^ /*oi. 
 He, oyToy. iKuvos. o5€. 
 but He, 6 5e. 
 Head, Ke<pd\y]. t6 Kapd [/cdpo], and 
 
 6 Kpas, T^5 KpdTOS, T^ AC/^Oxi, T^J/ 
 
 Kpara. Soph, to Kpara ; /;/. «. to, 
 
 Kpara. 
 Hear, k\vu}. 'd/foyw, aKovcrofjai, olkt)- 
 
 Koa. TTwddvofxai, irevaufxai^ iirvd6' 
 
 fxrjv. alaQdvofxai, ■pcrdu/j.ijv. 
 Hearken, K\vd1. 
 Heart, KopSt'd, dy. to jce'dp. 
 have the Heart to, ToA^dw. 
 Hearth, IdTi'd. 
 Heat, ^ <^A^|, (pXoybs. 
 Heaven, 6 ovpdvhs. 
 Heav}', ^dpus, etd, C. 
 Heavy -armed, SttKIttjs [t]. 
 Helm, ofa|, old«os. 
 Help, s. 6vr](Th. 
 Help, r. ojc^eAiw. iirapKeu^ —4ff(i> rtvl, 
 
 Vp0(T0i(pe\4(t). 
 
 Helpless, diJ.7}xdvos, ov. 
 
 Herald, 6 KTjpv^, K'fjpvKos, 
 
 Her, possessive, Keiv7)s. 
 
 Hercules, 'HpdK\7Js. 
 
 Here, ivTavOd. eV0d5e [d]. ^owe- 
 
 iimes 25e, fJSt, T({5e. 
 I am Here, irdpeiixi [d]. 
 Herself, aur^, eai/T^y =ayT^9. 
 Hesitate, fii\K<a. 
 Hide, (TTiyu). KpvTrTco. 
 Hiding-place, 6 Kevd/xuv, wvos. 
 Him, fxlv, viiv, a(pe^ enclitic, tovtov. 
 
 iKeTvov = Kuvov. 
 Himself, kavrov :=z avrov. 
 of Himself (== by himself), ainhs. 
 Hinder, kcwAi/co, /cwAOcrw [u] 
 His, auToO, Toi/Tou, fKeivov or Keivov, 
 Hither, Sevpo. 
 Ho, Sir ! ovTot a-b. 
 Hold (= consider), tWtjixi [I], 
 Hold, exw, €|a;, tZxo*') eaxor. 
 Hold up, dvexb'. 
 
 Hollow, KorAoy, TJ, or. 
 
 Holy, 07^6?, ^, br. 'ipi»s, d, bp = t€ 
 pSy. 
 
 Home, efTT^d. 
 
 in thy House, xdr' oT/coy. 
 
 Homewards, of/cdSe. 
 
 Honour, Tifidw. tXu. 
 
 Honourable, ndkhs, 7/, hv. 
 
 Honourably, /cdAws. 
 
 Hope, ^ eATrh, eATriSos [/]. 
 
 to Hope, iKiriQw. 
 
 Horned, eijKepus, wv. [For the ac- 
 cent, see Praxis Graeca, Part III., 
 R. 12.] 
 
 Horror, o/3/3(y5id. 
 
 Horse, 6 Kal t] Iwiros. 
 
 with white Horses, XevKnnros. Aeu- 
 KdnwKos. 
 
 Horseman, 'nnreds. 
 
 Horse- taming, 'Iwirios, d, ov. 
 
 Hospitality, ^evid. 
 
 Host, cTTparhs. 
 
 Hostile, Tro\€/jios., d, o»'. Sytr^fi/rjs, f y. 
 
 House, (TTdyT]. 8a>/j.i.. d Sdfjos. 6 
 oIkos. 
 
 in the House, kut"" o'ikovs, 
 
 into the House, oXkovs. 
 
 House- watcher, &, tj oUovphs. 
 
 How! coy. 
 
 How? irwy; after a verb^ Sirwy 
 
 How much ! d»y ndpTo. 
 
 by How much, So-y. 
 
 How then.^ itus oSf ; 
 
 Hull, Th (TKd(pos [d]. 
 
 Humour, b Tpdiros. 
 
 Hunt out, ^T]pdofxai. 
 
 Hunter, Huntsman, KvvTjyirris. 
 
 Hurt, ^KdTTTw. 
 
 Husband, Tr6a-h. dv^p. See under 
 Man.) 
 
 Husbandless, "dvavdpos. 
 
 Hymn, v. v/j.v4(d, 
 
 I. 
 
 I, iyuj emphatic, e7a)7€. 
 
 I for my part, e7W7€. 
 
 and I too, «d7d>. 
 
 I at least, eywye. 
 
 but I myself also, iyu Se KavThs, -^ 
 
 If, €<, with indie, and opt. ; V with 
 subj. 
 
146 
 
 AGNOKA^XE — LAMENTABLE. 
 
 LAND — LULL. 
 
 147 
 
 Ijrnorance, 'd^d^Id [:']. 
 
 Ill, KOLKUS. 
 
 be IIU vo(Ti(D. 
 Im;i?e, 7] (Ikw. 
 Imitate. eiKo^o;. 
 
 Imine.iiatfly, evdvs [v] before a 
 vovvl evdu hr/hre a consonant; 
 
 Implore, 'iKerevw, i^anio^xai. 
 
 it is Impossible, ovk ta^' otto?, with 
 
 in- Hot/ ire, or ovk Itti with tnfin. 
 In (heece, Ka0' 'EAAdSo [ctSJ. 
 In sleei), Kara vinfov. 
 Inconceivable, 'dfx-hx^vos, ov. 
 Incur the charge of, 6<p\i(rKavu), 
 
 Incuraljle, 'a,aT7xd»'os, ov. 
 
 Indeed, Sfjra. 
 
 not Indistinct, ovK''a(Tr}ixoi. 
 
 Induce, dadyu riva. 
 
 In'*xtrical)le difficulty, aiJ.r}Xo.yov, 
 
 Inferior, riff(Ty]}Jiivos Tivhs. 
 
 InHict, -rrpoa^dWw, vponeeaKov. 
 
 Inform me of, 8t5a<r/fa; ^'- . 
 
 lucloriously, a.K\ews. 
 
 Inhal)it, vaiu) or oUew ti. 
 
 Injunction, ((^erfx}]. 
 
 to Injure, /SAdjrTo.'. 'dSiKt'oj. 
 
 Injustice, dSiKid. ti* + dZlKUU. rh 
 
 "dSiK'iy. 
 Instruct, 5r5d(rKw, SiSd^o;. 
 Insult, 'vSpi^w. 
 Intend, fifWu, rcitJi future^ present, 
 
 or ((orist infinitive ; th- future mod 
 
 coininon'i/. 
 Intv'^reter, IpjUTj^ei^s. 
 Into, j,^ "is. 
 
 Intolerable, ^ixrcpopos, ov. 
 Interest, "iKveouai Twa. 
 Invention, e|eup7j;ua. 
 Invoke, KaXicc. 
 Involved in, KexpW^^^^^J'^"^ X9^^ 
 
 fxai Tivi. 
 Iron, (TiSrjpos [tl. 
 Island, 7; vr)(ros. 
 Ivy, ^ KKxahs. 
 
 J. 
 Jaw, yvadnhs. 
 Join battle, ^vvoltttu uo-xV^' [d], or 
 
 sivipiij avjximTTw. 
 
 Join t'Ufther, ^vi-aprdu}. 
 Journey, s. i] oOus. 
 Journey, r. irvpevoixai. 
 
 Joy, tS x«?M«- V X^P°- Tp"]- 
 Ju'due of, Kpu'v [i\ Tl, Kplvw, ticplva. 
 Jud^Illent. yvu.'fjit]. 
 Just, ZiKaios [I], d, ov. 
 Just, Just now, dprl, dprias. 
 Justice, SiK77 [i]. T^ diicaiov [i]. 
 Justly, SiKaius. iravSiKus [i], fmu- 
 
 TOJS. 
 
 deal Justly, opQuojxai. 
 
 K. 
 Keep, exct', e^u?. ISee R. 44. c. au)^(a. 
 Keep ot}", 'd7reif>7a>. 
 Keep quiet, e'xe 'i]<rvxo^- 
 
 Kill, KTetlW, KTei'W, ^KTOVa, €/tT€tfa, 
 
 iKTO.vov. aTro'i'Teu'w. /caTa/cTCifO). 
 vKKi'fxi, cl}\eaa.. tpovivw. 
 
 to be a Killer, (poievu. 
 
 Kind, x/"?<^Tis, 7;, oi'. 
 
 of all Kinds, Travrolos. d, oi'. 
 
 Kindly disposed, eu^eW/s, ts. 
 
 Kii:dre(i, |t'm<jHov, oi' [v]. 
 
 Kin?, /Sdo-iAei's-. Tvpavvos [v]. "dio.^-, 
 &vaKTos. SeairoTi]^. 
 
 Kingly brothers, ^aai\4e oixomropo}. 
 
 Kinsman, crvy-, or ^vyyovo^, oy. 
 
 Kiss, V. Kivfu), Kvaw. irpoanvveu. 
 
 Kiss, s. (piXiiM-o. [t J. 
 
 Knee, rh yovv, yuvdros, yovvdros^ 
 yovdruv, yovvdrwi', yovvuv. 
 
 Knock, 'apdacru. 
 
 Know, oJoa, oJa6a and o'l^aaPa, oT5e, 
 iffTov, Xffpiiv, tare, iixdcrl ; ^adi, 
 (iSw, fiSfivv, flSevaiy ct'Sws, i'(ffo- 
 fjLui. yiyvwffico}, }>erf. cum vi prce- 
 sentii:, eyvuKd, tyv(nv, yvovs, yvd- 
 vros. Kdroida [dr]. i-niard^iai, 
 (viardaai, T]inffTdjxr,v. 
 
 Know full Will, e^eiriarafxai. 
 
 Know clearly, (Td<p' la^I [d]. 
 
 L. 
 
 Ladder, 7; JcAijual [i], aKOj. 
 Ladv, yi'i'V, v. yvvai. {<Sce Woman.) 
 Lake, \i^vn. 
 
 Lamentation, d ^privos. 6 ySos. 
 Lamentable, to be Lamented, irodn- 
 vbs, ■??, hv. * 
 
 J ' 
 
 Land, rj x^«»', X^o'^^^- 7a*a, yaid^. 
 
 TV. 
 Landing-place, eK^dcrts. 
 Large, iroXvs, ttoWt}, ttoXv. 
 80 Large, ToaSaSe. 
 Last, TeKfvToios. 
 at Last, re\os. 
 Last of all, TrdvvcrTdros. 
 for the Last time, irdvixTrdTov. 
 Lately, veua-Tt [l] dpricos. 
 Lately married, veoyd/jLos, ov. See 
 
 Newly. 
 Lately slain, veoa(pdy^s. 
 but Lately, dpTius. 
 Laugh, 76Ada>. 
 Law, 6 v6ju.os. 
 Lawful, ^4fiis. 
 Lay out (a conch), (TTpuvvu/jLi, 
 
 fOTTpUKa. 
 
 Lay out (a dead body), e/cTeiVw, i^- 
 
 €Td6T]v [a]. 
 Lead, "d^o;. T]y ioixai. 
 Lead in, iladyuj. 
 Lead home, Kdrdyca, 
 Lead on, e'ldyw [dj. 
 Lead the way, oSrjyfa}. 
 Lead on the way, i^dyu. 
 Leader, 7]y(fxwv. 
 Leap, 7r7;5da). 
 Learn, fxavdf^.vw, t^xdOov. Trvvddvofiai, 
 
 Trevaoixa . e^i<TTOoeu. 
 Learn thoroughly, iKixavddvo). 
 at Least, 76, enclitic. 
 Leave, A.€t7rw, eXlirov. ida. 
 Leave (alone), idw. 
 Leave off, ix^ei-qfii, a. 2. imp. /jLides. 
 be Left behind, \€'nro/xai. 
 Left (= remaining), \0nrh9, 7;, hv. 
 Left (not right), ^dpianphs, d, hv. 
 Left hand, 'dpianpa xeip. 
 Lest, /i^, /i^ Tl. 
 Let be, ed. 
 
 Let down, KaOlrj/xi, Ka9T]Ka, 
 Let alone, cd. 
 Let forth, i^lvf^i, f^iaci. 
 Let ^go, fifOl-nfxi, -^(Tw, -Tjcroij.at, 
 
 -cr*ca, -^Ka, -7)j/, )Ue0€s, ^60w, 
 
 fifOdrjv, ixiQuvai, ixiOeU. 
 Let off, a<plrifjLi, dipTJv. fxidiTifJLi [i]. 
 
 H 2 
 
 Letter, Ti> ypafifid. 
 Libation, x°h' 
 Lie, Ke7/xai, Kfia-o/nai, 
 Lie upon, irpdaKeifiai. 
 Life, 6 )8tos. vI/Ox^. 
 Lifeless, d«//r;xos, or. 
 Light, s. Th <pdos or (pais. Th (peyyos, 
 in the Light of (= considered as) 
 ''dpid/j.^. 
 
 Light, (u/j. Xfirrhs, ^, bv. 
 
 Light-armed, yv/jLVTjs, rJTos. 
 
 Like, adj. o/j.oioSf d, ov. 
 
 Like, ds, after its tioun &s. 
 
 Limb, KuiKov. Th fi4\os. 
 
 Listen, 'd/cou«. 
 
 Listen to, k\vw. 
 
 a Little, fipdxv [v]. 
 
 Live, Caw, (ijs, Ccpriv. 
 
 Livelihood, 6 fiioTos. 
 
 Living, ^(ir, ^wad. 
 
 Loathsome, (rTvyrjrhs. 
 
 Loiter, (rxoAd^w. 
 
 to Long to, 4pdco. irodew. 
 
 Long, fxdKphs, d, hv. 
 
 Long ago, Long since, TrdAat [d]. 
 
 Look, fi\4irbL\ (TKoiT4(t). 
 
 Look around, dvadp4(D. 
 
 Look at, eiffopdw. irpo(T%\4iT(t) Tivd. 
 
 Look one in the face, ivavTlov ^\4- 
 
 TTU. 
 
 Look on, ^edofiai. elcropdcc Tim, €i- 
 ae'idov. 4(popdu), (jroi^ouai Tiva. Sf/)- 
 KOfiai Tl. 
 
 Look into, eaopdu. 
 
 pleasant to Look upon, ^78^5 opav. 
 
 Loose or Loosen, Aucd, Xvaw [u], 
 eAuo-o, AeAu/ca, \4\vixai, i\vei}v 
 
 Lord, Koipdvos. &px<»v. 
 
 Lose, dir6\\v/j.i, dirwXccra. (= miss), 
 
 OLfxapTdvu} Tivhs, 
 Lost, <ppov5os. 
 Lot, fxoipd, as. 
 Love, s. o fpctfs, epcoTos. 
 Love, r. ^jAew. epdw. 
 be in Love with, (pdofiaiy rjpdadjii'. 
 Low, Td7retj/J)s, )/j i)*'. 
 Lull, Koifidw. 
 Lull to sleep, Koiixi^to. 
 
NEED — OUGHT. 
 
 149 
 
 148 
 
 MAD — NEED. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mad, fxaii'Ofiai, jjidvovixai. iJ.(jj.r)va 
 {civil vi prceseiitis)^ iudvrjv [dj. 
 
 ]Magi3tracy, rh rtKos. 
 
 Maiden, -KapOiuos {note ihn irreyuJar 
 accent). 
 
 Make, ruUu. r[B-f]fxi. 
 
 Man, 6.v^p(jo-nos. ''a.trjp, dt^^pls, afSpU 
 du€p [^J, dySpdai [dj. ^porhs. 6 
 
 <PUS, (pMTOS. 
 
 Manifest, iKcpdinjs, ey. 
 Manifestly, ifxtpdvus. 
 Manner, & rpoiros. 
 Many, ttoAus, ttoWtj, ttoAi). 
 March against, iTnar pdnvu ti. 
 Marriage, 6 yd/jiOi [d]. 
 Marriage-couch, rh Aexos. 
 newly Married. See Newly. 
 Marry, ydjuiic}, f. ydixw^ iynixa 
 
 [sjioken of the hushand ). f. ydfxov- 
 
 /xai, uvfj.<pevouai {of the icijc). 
 ^last, f> i<TThs. 
 Master, 6 SiairoT-ns. 
 Matter, rh irpayfid. 
 Mav. tiv, irith ojttative. 
 one May, iripa = TrdpfffTl [dp]. 
 Mean, ui/j. (pavKos, rj, ov. 
 Mean, v. \iyu. 
 Means. 6 irSpos. 
 by all Means, fxd\i<TTd [dA]. 
 by Means of, 5id -rivos. 
 by no Means, ovSdjuus. ^Kiard. 
 Meet with, Aa7xdi'w, iKdxov. 
 Melodious, (xi\(flhs. 
 Mention, AacTKU, Ae'Ad/ca, cAdKOV. 
 
 <ppd((a. 
 Messenger, 6 &yyi\os. 
 Mid.-*t, jiie'(7os, rj. ov. 
 JMighty, iyKpdT7]s., es. 
 MindjTj (ppw, (ppfvhs. yvu^iv. ^^xv* 
 , (^ temper), rh Afj/id. u ^v/xhs. 
 Mine, e'/ib?, «>?), ffxhr. (For Crasis, 
 
 see H. -2!).) 
 Minerva, '''A0di'd [dv]. 
 Miserable, "d^Atos, d, ov. rdAdj, aivd^ 
 
 dv [rdA]. SvcTTTjvos, ov. 
 Misery, to irTJ/xa. 
 Misfortune, KdKhv. av^tpopd [d], or 
 
 ^vfiipoph. 
 Mistress, SicriroLva. ScCTrc^TiS. 
 
 Mob, ux^os. 01 TroAAoJ. 
 
 Moderate. fifTpios, d, ov. 
 
 Money, rd xpVH-o-'''o- 
 
 More, «(//'. vAeiuv or irXioav ; udv. 
 
 fxaWov. irAfov. trX. 
 Miiifover, €Tt. 
 
 Mortal (man), fiporhs. ^vrjTos. 
 Mortal (wound), Kaipios, d, ov. 
 Most, ud\i(Trd [dA], 7rAe7(rTd. 
 Most things, TO irAuara. 
 Mother, ronds [d], tokuoos. fxinvo^ 
 
 fxrjTphs and firjTepos, iJ-V^pl, H-r,- 
 
 Tepa, uTjTep, /uLrjTpdal [dj. 7/ t«- 
 
 Kovard. 
 
 Mound, X'^.""- 
 
 Mourn, oSi'pojUat. (TTfvdCjc. 
 
 Mournfully, aTvyvhv. 
 
 Mouth, ajdixd. 
 
 Move, trans. Kiviu}, intr. Kivovfxai, 
 
 Mow down, e|-d/udw. 
 
 Much, adj. troKvs., iroWrj, iroAv [i) j. 
 
 Much, adv. ToAAd, tfoAu. 
 
 Murder, d <p6voi. 
 
 Murderer, (pov^vs. 
 
 Murderer of a mother, ix-qrpOKTovos. 
 
 Mutilate, cuKiCoixai. 
 
 by Mutual slaughter, wr' dAA^Accy 
 
 (p6vcf}. 
 Muse, Movad. 
 I Must, Set ju€. xpi? ^e. 
 one Must, Sc?. xH* XP^'^*'* 
 I Must go, iropevreov. ^ireov. 
 My or My own, (fihs, t), b;/, n-zV/i or 
 
 u-ithont 5, ^, TO, (For Crasis, see 
 
 R. -29.) 
 Myself, nom. avrhs, ^, //ew. inavrov^ 
 
 TJs, dat. u. 17. atr. hv, tjv. 
 Mv own affairs, Ta + c/id. (See ii. 
 
 29.) 
 
 N. 
 Name, s. rh ovo/xd. 
 Name, v. Kiyu). ilird. 
 Near, ire'Ads Tivhs. iyyvs [ii]. 
 Necessary, 'd^d^XTj, with or without 
 
 i<n\. xp^(>iv. xph' 
 Neck, 7] Sep-q. 
 Need or needful, XP^'^d. 'dydyKT], with 
 
 or without iarl. 
 there is Need, ^fl. 
 
 I 
 
 tbere is much Need, tfoAAt} 'dvayKv. 
 Need, V. 5eVa'» Sera^ai. 
 quite Needful, irao-d 'dvdyKt) [earl]. 
 Neighbour, 6, roC, Ty, to»/ ttXtj^iov 
 
 or Tre'Ads. Yelrwi/, Ofoy. 
 Neither . . . nor, ..... o^t€ . . . out€ 
 
 . . . fxhre M^Tf. 
 
 Never, ouTroTe. ixT]iror€. 
 
 Nevertheless, 'dixus. 
 
 New. vc'os, d, ov. vfoprosj ov. Kaivhs, 
 
 t), hv. ^ ^ 
 
 Newly, i/ecDCTTt [i]. 
 Newly-born, i/607»'bs, bi'. 
 Newly-caught, vcaiperos, ov. 
 Newly-married, 76070^05, ov. ved- 
 5/X7ITOS, ov. vewart [t] vvficpio^. 
 dpriws TToats. 
 News, 6 iJivdos. 
 Night, 7] J/u|, vvKrhs. 
 Nightly, (vvvxo^, ov. vimr^pos, ov. 
 
 fuXtoy, d, ov, or OS, ov [v]. 
 No, ou. See Not. 
 by No means, ouSd.uws. T^Kio-Td. 
 in No way, ovbkv. 
 No longer, ou/ceTi. ^rjKeTi. 
 No more, ovk^tX. /ATj/feVi. 
 No one, ouSeis. oCtIs. 
 to No purpose (= in vain), ii.o.rr\v 
 
 in No respect, oOSeJ/. ^rjSej/. 
 Nowhere, ouSdjuou. ^ ^ 
 
 None, ouSeh, ouSe/iid, ouSef. 
 Noble, KdAbs, i), ?)»'. KaAAiwi' [tj, 
 
 KdK\i(TT0S. ycvvoios., d, 0;/. 
 Nobleness of birth, eu-yeVetd. 
 Nobly-born, 6U7ei/r7S, es. 
 Noise, Kpau7Tj. ^opi3§os. ^oTgSos. 
 None, oi/Sels, ouSeiu^d, ouoci/. ^ijSel?. 
 Nor, ou5e. /u7}5^. of^Te. , . ^m 
 
 Not, rf/m-^ ou, ouK, oux, o"X* L'J '. 
 tcith conditions, in prayers, covi- 
 maiids, etc., H-^. 
 Not one, oi'5eK, oyScjUid, ovZev. 
 
 Not yet, ouSeTTco. of/irw. 
 
 Noted, eVro-rjuos, oj/ [i]. ^ 
 
 Nothing, oii^ev. ov^ev Tt. ^TjSei/. 
 
 Now, vOi/. ^Stj. 
 
 Number, t^ ttA^^os. 6 'dpi0/x5s. 
 
 without Nuptial song, dvvfxivaios. 
 
 Nurse, tIO^i't?. rp6<pos. ^ ^ 
 Nurture, Tp4(pw, ^pe^j/w, iBpi(pQr\v. 
 
 0. 
 Oak, ^ SpCs, 5pu5s. 
 Oar, TrAdrrj [dj. 
 Oath, 6 op/fos. 
 that has heard an Oath, opKios, d, 
 
 ov. 
 Obev, ireidofxai, irdcrofxai, imd6fxr}v. 
 must Oi)ey, ireifTTeW. 
 Obstinacy, auedSi'd. 
 Obtain, Ti/7xa»"«', eriixo''. 
 Oftentimes, TroAAdKts [dj. 
 Old, TrdAotbs, d, or. 
 Old age, T^ yripds, g. yr]p<as, d. yr,pc^ 
 Old man, yepcav, yipovros. yfoaihs. 
 Old things, rd TrdAat [dA]. 
 Old woman, ypavs. ypaid, contracted 
 
 from yepaid. 
 of Old, TrdAat [dA]. 
 Olive branch, 6 ^aWhs. 
 Omen, olavh^. 
 Once, TroTf, enclitic. 
 at Once, ivdii [h]. 
 One, efs, luld, ev ; evbs, /a'«S-^ 
 
 One another, M^"^- • • 5^« 
 
 One day, TroTe, enclitic. eTt. 
 
 in One word, (TUT(i^a,9. 
 
 Only, jucJj'os. els, /xid, %v. 
 
 Open, 5iot7i>. 
 
 Opinion, 5({|d. 7I'(^m'7- 
 
 Opportunity, /catpbs. 
 
 Oracular, /idj/ris. fxavrtKOi, ^, ^i'. 
 
 Oracles (the divine words), Ta ^€- 
 (Tcpdrd. ol xPVf^f^ol. 
 
 Oracles (the place), Ta xpTJcrTTJpto. 
 
 Originator, apx^JT^'^'J^- 
 
 Ornament, 6 Koafios. 
 
 Other, dAAos, 77, ; the Other, ^a- 
 Tepos, d, or [dTJ. 
 
 in Other respects, to -f- dAAd. 
 
 in Other directions, dAAocre. ^ 
 
 the One . . . and the Other, 6 [xev. 
 .... 6 86. 
 
 on the Other hand, aZ. 
 
 Other men's, dAAc^Tpios, d, ov. 
 
 Otherwise, dAAwy. 
 
 I Ought, ii}<p^\ov. XP'h "«• 5^' ^^' 
 
 H 3 
 
160 
 
 OURSELVES — PRINCESS. 
 
 by Ourselves, 'i>iri avruv. 
 
 Out, e|w. 
 
 <Jut of, 4k. 
 
 be Out of one's mind, i^lcTTauai, 
 
 Out of the way, CKTroSwi'. 
 
 Outlines, to fierpa. 
 
 Outside, &Kpos^ a, ov. 
 
 ( )utside, e^u;, with genitive. 
 
 Over, imip, iiitfpQiv. 
 
 to be Overcome, vlKwyiaifrom viKaca, 
 
 to be Overjoyed, virtpxaipcf- 
 
 Overlook, irepiopaA)^ TrepidSov. 
 
 Owing to, 5io, tvit/i urcns. 
 
 Ovvn, eavTov or aOrov^ tjs, d>v. 
 
 Pain. s. t6 &\yos. 6 ttSvos. rj wSJv, 
 
 Pain, r. 'di'iaw. dA7i/fc«>, ^\yvva. 
 
 Painter, ypdcpfit. 
 
 i'alace, Sc^^a, SuJ^aros. fxiXaQpov. 
 
 56jj.os, arS^/T] (all usually in pL) 
 Parent, tok€vs. 
 Patricide, rraTpotcrdvos. 
 Part, TO. jxkv .... rd 5i ... . 
 Partake, /u6Tex«, /ue0€'|«. 
 Partner, av^vyos. 
 Pass beyond, inr(p€aivw. 
 Passionate, o^vdvfxos^ ov [vd]. 
 Paternal, Trarp^oy, d, ov. 
 Pay, tIvw [i], ticto; [i], cTitd. 
 sons of Pelops, IleAoTrrSai [i]. 
 Penalty, 5r/oj [tj. troivi]. 
 People, Adbs or A6u>5 ; a/jio plural 
 
 Xaol. 6 Srjfios. 
 Perceive, aKrOavo^ai, yadS/xriv. 
 Perchance, raxd [''■»]. 
 Perhaps, Taws. 
 Perish, oAAv/iat, oAou^az, oAcoAd; or 
 
 ciTroAA. (pQiipofxai^ ((pdap/nai. 
 Permit, (om, etwv, e'dcrw, elfacra. tdcrov. 
 Person (= body), 6 XP^^y xp^"^^^- 
 Persuade, iniOof. 
 trv' to Persuade, ircidw. 
 Phrygians, ^pvy(<i [uj, uv, |1, as. 
 Pine-tree, tAdxTj [dj. 
 Pious, eiV€§7?y, €s. 
 Pitiable, oiKTphs, d, i>;' j superlal. 
 
 OIKTICTTOS. 
 
 Pny, s, 6 o?KTo$. 
 
 Pity, r. o»KTeip&), ^KTCipa. olfcrl^ai. 
 
 Place, r. Ti9T]ixi, (6TjKa. 
 
 Plain, A". TreStoj/, 
 
 Plain, «<//. aTfAouy. 
 
 Plan, s. /ur7xd»^. ^ovMvfia. <ppovr\s, 
 
 ISos [tJ. 
 Plan, r. /BouAeyw. 
 Plant, (pin-fufjia [u]. 
 Pleasant, (^lAos, 77, ov [t]. ^5i/y, 
 
 ijSeid, •^5u. 
 Pleasantly, t]B((*)S. 
 Please, 'dpeVKu?. d;'5dv«,€d5or,'d5eu', 
 
 €d5a. 
 Pleasing,T€p7rvfts, r), ^v. <^rAor,i7,oi'[i]. 
 Pleasure, ^5of 7/. ThTepvhv. Thr]dv [it]. 
 
 Plot, TexfcioA"*'- 
 
 Plunder, iropQioo. AdirdCw, -a4«. 
 
 Poison, (pdp/xdKov. 
 
 Pollute, */)Opaj [v]. 
 
 Pollution, rh "uyos. 
 
 Pollux, TToAi'ScyKrjy. 
 
 Popular, dr]i.i-nyopos, ov. 
 
 Possess, fX^' 
 
 Possessed of, 4Trr,6o\os. 
 
 Possession, XPW^^ KTT},ud. 
 
 have Possession of, Kparvvu rivbs. 
 
 get Possession, Kpariw. 
 
 Pour out, x^'^' 
 
 Power (vires), rd KpaT-q [d]. 
 
 one in Power, 6 KpdTwv, 
 
 it is in my Power, irdpeffTi /noi. 
 
 have Power over, Kpartu rivhs. 
 
 Powerful, dpKfwv. 
 
 Practice, /neAcTT). 
 
 Praise, iiratvew^ — eVoj. aivdw. 
 
 to Pray, ef^xoi""'- irpo<Tivxoixai. 
 
 I Pray or Pray, 5fjTa. T/ceTfiw. 
 
 to Pray down, 'dpdo/xai. 
 
 Pray after, eTrcuxofiaj. 
 
 Prayer, AIt^. 
 
 Presence, irdpovaid. [(rrura. 
 
 Present things, rd oi/ra. rd Trdpe- 
 
 to be Present, irdpiifxt, [d], vapuv. 
 
 Preserve, cu^w. 
 
 Prevent, tlpyw. 
 
 Prey, "d^pd. 
 
 8.)ns of Priam, Ylpid/xHiai [/5], 
 
 Pride, tppo vT)/j.d. x^'^V- 
 
 Pride (Hirself, Xw-iirpOvo toi. 
 
 Prince, "di/al, dra«To5. 
 
 Princess, 17 rupav/oy [vj. 
 
 PRIVATE— REVENGE. 
 
 151 
 
 Privatc^iStos, a, or'. 
 
 Privatelv, 'l8Td ['?!• 
 Prize of valour, Td+ apiarua. 
 Proclaim, KTjpiJcrcra,. rrpocpu^v^^. 
 Proof, Tejc/iTJpioj/. 
 
 Prophet, fttti'Tis. ^ 
 
 of Prophets, ^tai/Ti/cby, 77, 61/. 
 
 "t'Aews. Trpocppwi'. _^ ^ 
 Prosper, einvx^o). c6 irpa(r(r«. 
 Prosperity, e^ecrri,, oGy, oT. 5.. «^so 
 
 Vi^^'Z'Lehrvxhs.'es.i<TeKbs^,hv. 
 to be Prosperous, euruxeco. 
 Prosperously, e5. KdAws. 
 Protection. 'd.-co77/. 
 Protector, uTao-Trto-T^js, ov.^ 
 Provide, Tropau^'o, [uj. iropiico. xapa- 
 
 (TKeudCiw. ^ 
 
 Prudent, dpTtc^pwv [i]. 
 to be Pruden-, aucppoviu. 
 Prudently, aucppovuv. 
 Pursue, Sta-Kw. 
 Pursr.it, ^iwyp-d. , 
 
 Put down, Ti07].ut, e0Tj»', ^CiS. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quarrel, aWx^oAia'. q. ^_ 
 
 Queen, ^'dfaacrd. Tvpavi/oy [i/]. ^^^^^ 
 
 as ('/iiicklv as possible, «s tcJx"^^«- 
 
 Quicken, dJ/cKtros. 
 
 Quit. AeiTTc, AeAoiTra, rXiTrov. aTToX- 
 
 Aao" crofiai. 
 Quite sure. "See Sure. 
 
 R. 
 
 Race,TW7r6Vfxa.Tb76Vos. 
 
 Rate, .S-. o x<i^f • " ^'^/"'"'• 
 
 Rase, r. Xvcrffdw. 
 
 R:use. arpco, jTpo^ 
 
 Raise an alarm, /3oV ktJP"'^^"- 
 
 Uank, fTTl^, o-Tixb5. 
 
 Rather, ^aAAoi/. 
 
 Bava<:e, rplgo, [i]. iropfleo;. 
 
 Rav, djcTis, dKTtfOS. 
 
 Pveady, ^Toifios, t), of. 
 
 Reason, s. alria. „ „ _ « 
 
 f, r many Reasons, ttoAAu;*' ^Kctxi. 
 
 for what Reason, tIvos eKdrt 
 
 Recess, 6 Mi)X''>s. s.'s^^uat 
 
 Receive, 56X"A^n^ 8^^«^«'' ^;^%"^'^,' 
 6'56|d,u7]., eSex^r,.. TUTXC-^'". ^-^^- 
 
 Recover (= set up agam),op0(5coTa'l 
 
 Redoubtable, dvcr^ax^raros. 
 Refuge, 'd(^opu7j. 
 I am Reported, k At? f^^uai. 
 Re<-al, /Sdo-lAi/cbs, i?, bv. , 
 
 „ » ', / i,,,,k ai>, 7rp9T§A€7rw. 
 
 Rey-ard (= i^"*'^ ''^''' '^ ^ 
 (= pav iittenlion to), (T^eco ti. 
 
 R. gion, h TTAai, TTAd-cuy. -J ^M, 
 
 TfTi/xby. , ^ ,v 
 
 Reinstate, Kdrdyc» [ay], x^'"-'^^; , 
 Reject, dTTcctJeco, d7r6W(ra,urj^ aTro-- 
 
 (Taffdai. . ,• 
 
 Rejoice, X"'?'^) "-^'''^ «cc«.sa^/fc oj 
 
 reference. , _ 
 
 Relative, Relation, b ^vyyouos. kt,- 
 
 Seo-TT^y. ivyy^uT)s. 
 Relax, a.rr,^t [I], a^'^^i^' ^^^'''^'' 
 
 iue0etj/ai. ^ 
 
 Reliever, irouo-T7;pios. 
 
 Remain, Ai^"*'- f^Jf^^\ . 
 
 ^vhat Remains, Tb Koiirhv. -raXoi-na. 
 
 Remember, m^A^'^M"'; M»'^'^»' «%'«'• 
 Remembrance, nvrj^iuov. 
 Remedy, TrdKoy.^ 
 
 Render, KTiC''', K^''^'^ L'l' 
 Renowned, KAeivby, 7,. bi'. 
 
 Repel, i^ec, ^(ra,, a,(rb7,(roua:. a.rw- 
 
 0€a>. 
 Ronlv avTeiTreTi/ Tin. 
 
 ^e'AAoJ. 
 Reproach, s. d ^p6yos 
 Reproach, V. e4o./et5tC'«'. 
 Rescue, puouoi, ^i}(Toixai ['-> 1- 
 Resemile, e^lrJc. T.n. ^po..^^ 
 
 xpo(r^i7^«»' , , 
 Respect, atSf'w, atSetrw. 
 
 in no Respect, ou5dft«s. o.5e;/. 
 
 the Rest, rdAAd, 
 
 Restore, dvope6u}. 
 
 Result, 717^0^011. ^ 
 
 Retaliate, di/Td^ei§<J,uai. ^ 
 
 to Revenge oneself, Tt^a-peo/xa.. 
 
 u 4 
 
? 
 
 152 
 
 REVERE — SERVANT. 
 
 Revere, afiu. 
 
 Rew;irtl, jiiaQhs. 
 
 due Reward, to. (Ttrliutd [i/j.]. 
 
 Rich, irXuvaios, d, ov. 
 
 to be Rich, irKovrtw. 
 
 Riches, 6 irXovTos. 
 
 Rid, airaWdcraw tu'o Tti'Oi. 
 
 ppt Rid of, ava\\d(T(Tw tj. 
 
 Riddle, atyLy/u.d. 
 
 Ritie, avKdw. 
 
 I think it Ripht, 0^1600. 
 
 Riirht hand, Se^ici. 
 
 Right well, 65. 
 
 Rise, at/iaTd/j.aij o.vi<nr]v. 
 
 River, 6 iroTa/j.hs. 
 
 Robe, d TreTrAos. 
 
 Rock, TTfTpd. 
 
 Root and branch, irp6^^iQis. 
 
 Rope, & kol\ws [a]. 
 
 Rouse, f^iyupu. dviffrrjixi. 
 
 Row, (p4(Ta(t). 
 
 Royal, fidalAiKhs, ^, hv. BaaiXeios^ 
 
 d, oy. rvpaiyos (d Kal rj) [v]. 
 to Ruin, oWvjui, &\e(ra, or dir6\\v/u.i. 
 utterly Ruined, €^f(pdapn(vos. 
 Rule, dfdcraci). rCpafi'tu. alavfivdoo 
 
 Tivbs. apxd} riuhs. 
 Ruler, 6 Kpdruvy ovvros. Ikpxdiv 
 
 OUT OS. 
 
 Rnu. Tp4xu, Spdfiovnaij Si8pd/uk7]Ka 
 
 fa], iQpdixov. 
 a Runaway, 6 SpdirdTjjs. 
 Running, s. 6 rpdxos. 
 Rush,''t6^ai. dpudu. 
 Ru&h into, i/xinnTu} rivi. 
 
 Sack, r. f^mpew, (^(7\ok 
 
 Sacred mixture, S irt'Adt'oj. 
 
 Sacritice, rh 3i}/id. 
 
 Sad, viKphs^ d, by. 
 
 Safe, a us. d(7</>dAV. 'dxlySuyos. 
 
 Safely, d<T<pd\m^ -\4(rTcpoy^ ~\f. 
 
 (TTUTa. 
 
 of Safety, acoT'fjpios, d, oy. 
 
 I Said, fiva, flwoy. (\(^a. 
 
 Sail, s. rh \a7(pos. 
 
 Sail, V. TrAe'&j, cTrAfucd. 
 
 Sailor, vavTT]s, ov. 
 
 ior n:y Sake, iiJLrjy xapiy [a'j. 
 
 for the Sake of, x^P^** fa]. fKdri^ 
 
 after the (lenitive. cVe/cd, oi/Ve/ca, ie- 
 
 /<^re or after Oie genitive. See R. 35. 
 
 of the Salt sea, adj. )8pi5;^»os, d, o** 
 
 the Same, 6 + axnhs., See R. 28. 
 at the Same time,*'d/id. 
 Satisfaction, hlKt) [i]. 
 Save, o-w^w, (Tfaua^ai, aud^ls. dta- 
 
 Saviour, (TwTT/p, ijpos. ffuTTipios. 
 
 Say, A6'7a>, Af'^w. (^7?ui, (^tjctoj, €rp7;«d, 
 €/7ra, e/TTo*'. avhdu}. 
 
 Sftvini:, t6 cttos. 
 
 Scabbard, 6 KoXehs, or rb KoKiuv, 
 
 Scarce, iu6\is. 
 
 Scowlinir, aKvOpu-rrhs, bv. 
 
 Sea, 7/ ^d\aaac [d\], 7? &,\j, 'd\bs. 
 
 Sea-god, irdi'Tios ^ibs. 
 
 Seal, (TTjfxavTpoy, 
 
 Search, fpfwdu. 
 
 Seasonable, Kaipios, a, oy. 
 
 Seat, ^p6vos. (Spa. 
 
 Second, SevTfpos, d, ov. 
 
 in Secret, Secretly, Aa^pd [a^]. 
 
 Sedition, ardais [d]. 
 
 Se-. Kddupdcv, Kdre^Sov. dpda>, uypo/nai^ 
 o^fi, iwpdKo^ €l5ov, tSwj/, &(per)v\ 
 6<peT]vai. (iaopda). Kevaau. fiAcirw. 
 
 S«'e to it, flaSpd. 
 
 Seed (= offspring), rb airfp^d. 
 
 Seek, ^TjTfU). 
 
 Seem, Suk4w, 56^w. ^oiKa, cum vi 
 
 prcesentis. 
 Seem good, So/cew, 
 I Seem, ^oiKa. 
 it Seems, ioiK^. 
 Seize, \afi€dya>, ^\d€oy. 
 help to Seize, ^v\Aau€dy<a. 
 Self-uilled, avOdS-qs [d]. 
 Self-willed obstinacy, auddSld. 
 Send, irffitru. 
 Send against, ^(plrjiui. 
 Send away from, aTroartWu. 
 Send forth, e/(7re,u7ra). 
 Send out secretly, vfriKTrffxTrof. 
 Sense, ^ (pprjy^ ^pevos. 
 Sepulchre. ibrjKrj. 
 Servant, df.iu^s, Sfxubs. oirduv, oyos 
 
 [a], oTTdSos. 'vir7]p(rT}s. 
 
 SERVE — SOOTH. 
 
 153 
 
 Serve, inrrjpfTfa). 
 
 Set, t(TT77>.ti, (TTr](T(t}, iCTTricra. 
 
 Set tire to, 'vcpdwrco. 
 
 Set off, (TTsAXo/JLaif iaTdArjV [a]. 
 
 Severe, $dpifs, eTa, v. 
 
 Shady, rjKioaTcprjS. 
 
 Shame, alaxvurj [v]. 
 
 Shameful, alaxpos, d, ov. al(TX^<^v 
 
 [ij. OLaXtCTTOS. 
 
 Slianiefuliy, alcrxp^^^ aXcrxtoy, aJf- 
 
 o';)(j(rTd. 
 Shameless, 'dj/aiV^WTOs, 0;'. 
 Share, KOiVcoi'ew. 
 
 Sharp, irlKpbs, d, bi/. o^ws, eta, y [i/]. 
 Sharpened, .drjKrbs, ^, bi^. 
 Sheath, rb Ko\(bv. 
 She, Kiivi]. avTT]. 
 but She, ^ 5e . . . . 
 Shed, x«'«'. 
 
 Sheet-rope, d irovs, rrodbs. 
 Shield, 7) daTTis, daTriSos [1]. 
 Ship, i] yavs, yeus, yrjt, pavi'^ re'c, 
 
 V€o7y^ t'Tjes, j/eftji/, yayai, yavs. 
 Ship-master, 6 vavK\v,pos. 
 Shipwreck, yavdyiov [a J. 
 Shore, d/cT^. 
 
 Short, ^pdxvs, ua, v [C]. 
 Should = if. ■1)v, sfibj.^ et ?«r/. or opt. 
 why Should I ? ri yue Sel [IJ ; 
 Shoulder, 6 &/JL05. 
 
 Shout, S. ^07). 
 
 Shout, V. dvT((i} [0]. 
 
 Shouts are raised, fioarai. 
 
 Shouting, ^OT], 
 
 Show, bri\6w. Sei'/fj'UM*. 
 
 Shower (of darts), /SoAt/. 
 
 Shriek, ^p4o/j.ai. 
 
 Shut in, iyKAfiw. 
 
 be Sick, yoffcu. 
 
 Side, rb irXevpoy. 
 
 Sight, ^(dud. 
 
 Sign, crriixi7ov. (tvij.€o\ov. 
 
 lire- Signal, (ppvKrbs. 
 
 Signify, arjinaivo}, -dvu>, iarjixrjya. 
 
 Silence, ariyrj. 
 
 in Silence, adv. (rryd. 
 
 Silent, (TiuTnqXbs, tj. by. 
 
 to be Silent, alu'irdoo. fv(pT}fXi<a. <jI- 
 
 yaci}. 
 Since, ws, cTrel, indie. 
 
 Single, aTTAoCs, otTrA^, dwXovy [aj. 
 
 Sister, 'dSeA^rj. 
 
 Six, e|. 
 
 Skilled, rSpts [I]. 
 
 Skin, d XP^^t XP^'''^^' 
 
 Slain by each other's hands, e'/c x^' 
 
 pciu aifTOKTOi'wy. 
 Slaughter, <T(payT]. 6 <p6vos. 
 Slave, 6 bovXos. i] SovX-q. 
 be a Slave^ SouAeuw. 
 of Slavery, 5ovX€7os, d, oy. 
 be in Slavery, Sovhevu). 
 Slay, atpd^oo or a^aTru^ (Ttpd^co. i- 
 
 acpdyny. dwoKTeiva}. iSee also Kill. 
 Slayer, 6 (poyebs. 
 Sleep, s. 6 viryos [v]. 
 Sleep, V. 6u5co, rjvSoy, or KaOdSw. 
 Slow, xpt^^tos, d, oy. 
 Small, a-iu.lKpbs, d, ov. 
 Smile, 6 ycXocs, ^eAwrd or y4Xwv. 
 Smite, 'dpdaau). irXTjaao}. 
 Snatch, dnoffirdw^ -dow. dpird^w. 
 So, wSe. 
 
 it is So, wSc exet. 
 So as to, ware. 
 So great, TocoGToy, aurr;, ovtov, 
 
 or —TO. 
 So much, TocroDroy, airnj, ovtov, or 
 
 —TO. 
 
 not So much, oux oVov. 
 
 in Sober senses, aoxppov^oov. 
 
 Soft, fxaXBdKbs^ ^, bi/. 
 
 Soften, t*. intrans. fJiaXQcuu^ojJiai. 
 
 Soil, TO ou5dv. 
 
 Some, tIs, tI, enclitic. 
 
 Some one, tIs, tI, tIv^s or tou, ilvX 
 
 or rtpy enclitic. 
 in Some respect, ri. 
 Some how, tto)?, e?icUtic. 
 Sometimes, TroTe. enclitic. 
 Somewhere (=from some quarter), 
 
 iro6kv. enclitic; with motion, tfoi, 
 
 enclitic. 
 Son, irals, iraiSbs, t\ Trat. riKVov. d 
 
 y6vos. 
 to be the Son of, iKir4<pvKa, i^€<pvy^ 
 
 CKcpdvai Tivos. 
 Son-in-law, ya/uiSpbs. 
 Soon, Tdxd [ctx]. 
 in Sooth, S^To, 
 
loi 
 
 SOIIDID — SWEAR. 
 
 Sordid clothes, duffx^aivlai. 
 Soul, ^vxv- 
 Soiirc*', Trrrph 
 Sow, avdpco. 
 
 Spare, '^eiS.^juat rivos, or with accu- 
 sative of reference, ^TjSei'. 
 Sp^-ak, <pv,ul, \4yu}. €?7ro, (Uoy. ((jpd- 
 
 in return to Speak ill of any one, 
 
 avrfiirilv riva KOLKUfS. 
 Speak ill of any one, kukuis Xeyuu. 
 
 dirov, elpVKo. nva. 
 Sp'^ar, 5opy, Sovphs, Sovpl, 5op\, Up(i ; 
 
 Speech, 6 \6yos. 6 nvdos. 
 
 Spf'd, £p,UTjfrd. 
 
 at full Spt-t'd. SpojuaToy. 
 
 Speedily, <^o<is. xdxoy [ci]. eVrdxet.* 
 
 Spirit, ATj;ud. \|/Ox77. ^ ^vf^^)^^- ^ 
 
 it ijives one Spirits, eijdvixov cVti. 
 
 Splendour, SJ/cr/aly. 
 
 it has been Spoken, €'ipv'''ai. 
 
 Sprint,' (of water), s. Kpovvhs. 
 
 Spring, r. ^puaKWy ^upovixai, tQopov. 
 
 Stab, »c6i'Te'c»?. 
 
 Stall", ^anTpov, 
 
 all is at Stake, a-.wi' [eVrif] uTrep 
 
 iravTocv. 
 Stiuul, iVrduai, ecTTTj/cd .{cum vi prtv- 
 
 seiitis), fCTTrjj/. 
 Stand by, eV- or Trap-i<Trd^ai, irr- 
 
 Or TTCLp-fffTTJU. 
 
 Standing away, airocTTadcls. 
 
 Stand alonf, a(pi(na.iJ.ai^ aTroarr)(TO' 
 
 StJir, 6.(TTpov. 6 do-T^jp, (poi^ &(TTpd(ri. 
 
 Statue, TO 3peTos. 
 
 Steal ( = kidnap), Aj?t(>, AeArjo-^iai, 
 
 eATjfrdurjJ/. 
 Steel, 6 <Tld7}i'0S [i]. 
 Step, >•. jSdfTlj [d|. 
 Step. r. jSajVo?, t^Tji'. 
 Steward, rd^Idv [t]. 
 Still, err. (^nevertheless) Sjuws. 
 Stone, s. o irerpos. 
 Stone, r. Acrw, i\(v(rdr)V. 
 I Stood, eo-TTjJ'. 
 
 Stop ^=put a Stop t)), iravw. 
 Stopper, TTou'TTTJpios. 
 Straight, op^by, 77, ov. 
 Strain, rh /xf\os. 
 Strait. irop9iJ.bs. 
 Straiir,'e, Kaivhs^ t?, hv. 
 Strange maiden, ^fvrj. 
 Stranger, leVo?, ^f7vos. 
 Stream, vaud. ^oij. 
 Str.ngth, rh (t6(vos. 
 Strife, tpis, ipiln^. ^p'iV. 
 Strike, iraioj. $d\\w. 
 Strike down, KdTacrK-qifr'ji. 
 Strike out, 4K€d\\(a. 
 Strip, yv/jLySu}. 
 Struggle, ''dywVy uvos. 
 Subserve, 'inrrjpeTico rivl. 
 Succeed, Tu7xcl^'co, ^tvxov. 
 to be Successful, iVTvx^i^'- 
 Such, OTToroJ, d, ov. TOi6a5e, To;d5f, 
 ToiovSe, TotoDros, avTt], otro, of 
 
 -0»'. In Kt. 77. 3. MSC OVT09. 
 
 Siich men, rotoi^f. 
 
 Sutler (pain ), irda-x^^ TreiVouai, Tre- 
 
 TTOvda, CTrddov. juox^ew. 
 Suffer ( = permit), caw. 
 SutTeringa, t^ irdOos [a]. 
 Suffice, dpKio). 
 Suit, Sl/x-rj [i]. 
 Sunniiit, dKpos, d, ov. stimmus nwna^ 
 
 &i{pov upos. 
 Sun, ?jAtos, 
 Superior, Kpiiffauv., ovos. 
 Supplicate, irpomrido [i]. 'jKcrei/ce. 
 Sui)plicatory, iKTvpios, a. ov. ^ 
 Suppliant, 'iKfcrios. a, ov. 'XKeTTjs. 
 Suppose, SoKeoj. oljjiai. 
 Supjiose, iiiipi'iatire, Kal h]. 
 Supreme power, t] rvpavvXs [\]. 
 Sure proof, reKixripiov. 
 be Sure c-f, e7rifTTd,uai, hnpcraL eVt- 
 
 ardwo and (iriaTO). 
 be quite Sure, ffdtpd XffQI [dcU]. 
 Surround, a.u<piriBr]}xi, ajxcpid-nv. 
 Suspecting, "viroTTTos, ov. 
 Swear, uuvOijli^ d/jLovixai, &fxo(T<x. Im- 
 perut. iifivv^ ivith accus. 
 
 SWEET — TOWARDS. 
 
 1 " " 
 loo 
 
 • \Ur> T«y«i;f. ^.x rctyc::, ^<« rxx^e>». «"-' Ta'<!-. x*-r« ra-xd, ct,k ri-xot, it r*x*^ 
 
 
 Sweet. 7\u/c6pby, a, 6r. yXvKvs^ ita^ 
 
 V. r)5us, ela, v [v'\. 
 Swift, Aai\|/77p^s, d, hv. ^ohs, a, bi/. 
 the Swift of foot, Taxi's TrcShs.^ 
 Sword, rh ^"((pos [i]. (pd(Tydvov. 6 ffX- 
 
 Sijpos [ij. 
 
 T. 
 
 Tablet, & rr'iva^., mvaKOS [i]. 
 Take, Aa/xgdrco, Aiii//o/xat, e)fA7j0a, 
 i\d§oy, \r](pdr](rofj.ai. a/pecu, eiAo;/. 
 Take heart, ^apcr4co. 
 Take thought, (^pofTiCco. 
 to be Taken, cdAa'Aca, edAwv [a]. 
 Tale, 6 fivSos. 
 Talons, x^^"^' 
 Task, 6 TTovos. 
 
 get Taught, 5idd<TKoixai^ middle. 
 Teach, StSdo-Kw. 
 Tear, s. SdKpvov [d]. 
 Tear, v. (TTrdw, iafrdaa. 
 Tell, 6?7ro»/, fl-n-a. d776AAaj, OTYeAa?, 
 ^776iAd. (/'paC'". dirayy^AKu. iv- 
 j/eTTco. (rr]ixaiva). SlSdcrKO). A€7a>. 
 (= command), <|)cDvew xivd. 
 I will Tell, fpu\ 
 I am to Tell, i^e'nru}. 
 Tell publicly, irpovvveira}. 
 Temper, op7r7. 
 Temple (=icdes), 01 Ufioi. 
 Tenth, SeKdrov, rj, ov. 
 Ten thousand, /jLvpioi, at, d. 
 Tent, oKvvi]- 
 Terror, rh 8e7fxd. 
 Tcucer, TevKpos. 
 
 Thanks, x^P'^ [«!. Xap''^os, X^'p'^^- 
 That, eVeu'o or KeFvo. 
 That (=in order that), ws &r, wv77i 
 subjunctive : 'Iva, sufj. after present 
 or future, opt. after a past tense. 
 know That, ws, vith laOL omitted^ 
 
 fvllotced by the indicative. 
 Them, avruv^ o7s, ovs. 
 Then (of time), rSre. tTreird. (ha. 
 Then {ii/ative\ ovv. dpd [dpa]. 
 There, ivravOd. eKU. 
 Therefore, ovv. 
 
 These, oi5e, oiSe, rooe. ovroi, avTai, 
 ravi a. 
 
 Thessalian, Oecro-dAls. 
 They, avrol, emphatic, = ipfi : non 
 emphatic^ omitted, or 4Ki7voir=zi\\i. 
 but They, ol Se, ai 5e. 
 Thin, AeTTTos, ^, hv. 
 Thine, ahs, (Ttj, ffhv (ivith or without 
 
 o, 77, TO ) ; it mat/ be placed either 
 
 before or after the noun. 
 Tliine own evil, t^ cravrov kukIv. 
 Thing, rh XP'^Ma- 
 Think, vofxi(^w. olftai. So^ce'co. ivvo4- 
 
 onai. (ppovfoo. 
 Third, rpiTos [I], rpnaios, d, ov. 
 This, oSe, 7;5e, ToSe. ovtos, aurrj^ 
 
 rovTo, with or without the article. 
 Thither, ^Kucre. 
 Those, 4k€7voi., oj, a. 
 Thou, (TV [o-v], (Tov or (r49ev^ crol, (T^, 
 
 enclitic in the oblique cases. 
 Though, Kal + (l=K€l. 
 Though thou art versatile, Kainep* 
 
 OVTl TroiKikcp. 
 Though thou wert. £)v. 
 Though I be, Trcp Siv. 
 Thought, 7] (ppovrh. 
 to have good Thoughts, 'd7d0d <ppo- 
 
 Thracian, Qpa^, QpaKhs, QprjKhs [a], 
 
 Thrace, Qp-pKT]. 
 
 Threat, 'dTretA^. 
 
 Threaten, e'7ra77e'AAo/iai. 
 
 Three, rpels, Tpid. 
 
 Throne, rd eSrj. 
 
 Throw, V. iSaAAw, e§dAot'. 
 
 Throw, s. $\T}fxd. 
 
 Thrust, wdfco, (waOriv^ oDadrjaofxai. 
 
 Thus, S)de. ouTws; before a consonant^ 
 
 OVTQ). 
 
 Thyself, n. avrhs. g. ffiavrov or frau- 
 
 ToG. 
 Time, 6 XP'^»'"S. 
 to be Tired, i.x^oiiai. 
 To, irphs^ accus. 
 Together, "dua. ofxaprT). o/jlov. 
 Toil, s. 6 rrovos. 
 Toil, V. TTOviu}. 
 Token, (TVfi€oKov. 
 Towards, rrpos, accus. 
 
 • HouKU always takes a participle, not a finite verb. 
 
 \ 
 
156 
 
 TOMB — VEXED. 
 
 Toinb, 6 rva§oi. 6 ra<po5 [o]. 
 Tongue, rj yAua-o'a.. 
 Too clever, irfpicrtrus (Tocphs. 
 Too, Kal . . . Se. or Kal alone. 
 
 Thou too, (TV [i)]. 
 
 Toss about, aitDp^oixai. 
 
 Totter, Xvofxai [v], 
 
 Tourh. i&i77aya>, idtyov. &irro/xai. 
 
 ^avu {all irilh Oie genitive). 
 Towards, trpos n. 
 Tower, d trvpyos. 
 fellow-Trader. ^vi/4fiiropo5. 
 Trap, ^v\a-i'V. 
 Trenil)le, Tpijxoo. 
 Trial, T) Sj/ct? ( t']. 
 Trojan, .v. Tpios, Tpcohs. adj. Tpm- 
 
 /cby, t;. Of. 
 Trojan woman, Tpyay, dSos [a]. 
 Troop, 6 \6xo9. 
 Trouble, 6 Tr6vos. rh &x^os. 6 fxSx' 
 
 eos. 
 pive Trouble, ux\ov irapixO' 
 Troy, T^oj'd. 'Wiov \l\]. 
 of Troy, T^a>i/c^y, )/, hv. 
 to Troy, Tpoldv, u-lth or without fis. 
 under Truce. 'vTrSairoySos. 
 True, ^aK-qdrjs. a;^ei/57;y. iri]Ti)(xos. 
 
 <Ta.(pT]S. 
 
 Truly, opdhv. opOws. 
 
 I Tnist, TTfiroida. 
 
 Truth, Td + 'd\7}d€s. 
 
 Tumult, 6 KfAdSos. 
 
 Turn, 5. 6 rpSnoi. rh fiepos. 
 
 Turn, r. Tpfirca. crTp((pu}. 
 
 Turn back, avacrrpicpu}. 
 
 Turn out, ^K€aivw, (K§(§r}Kd. 
 
 Tutelary, ttoKktctovxos. 
 
 Twice as rrreat, 51s roaos. 
 
 Twin, 5'.TrTv\os. 
 
 Two, Svo 5i(T!Ti>\, Siirrvxoi. 
 
 Twofold, SiTiKovt, rj, ovv. 
 
 dauu'hter ot Tvndaris, Tui-Saph, iZos 
 
 Tyrannical, rvpavvlnhs^ 7/, hv, 
 
 U. 
 
 Ulysses, 'OSufTo-eyy. 
 Umpire, 0pd€(vs. 
 Unable, 'dSC^fdros [u], 
 Unburied, "drd^os. 
 
 Undergo, yirf'xw, ixpf^cM). 
 Underground, Kdrutpv^^ vxos. 
 Undertake, atpo/xai. 
 I am Undone, oAoiAd. dTrajAtJyUTji', 
 
 5iwA<{^77i'. aTr6K\viJ.ai. 
 Unexpected, Unexpectedly, fieATrros, 
 
 Of. 
 
 Unforeseen, 'd(pp6vTi(TTos. 
 Unfortunate, Svariixv^-, f^. 
 Ungrateful, 'dxapiaros^ ov [a], [omit 
 
 fWj in xxviii. 18.] 
 Unhappily, ^vaTvxS)^. 
 Unhappy, hvcrrr\vos, ov. SvcTi'xvSi 
 
 (S. 5u(r5aiiu(t)V^ ovos. 
 Unholy, *dv6(TioSj d, ov. 
 in Union with, KoivScppwv riv\. 
 Unknowingly, ov Kdm^ws, 
 Unknown to, aly^j yenitive. 
 Unless, 6t fi^. 
 
 Unpleasant, TrATjM^eArjy, es. 
 Unrestrained, "dndKacTTos. 
 Unseasonable, fx^ Kaiphs. 
 Unseemly disorder, 'dKofffxid. 
 Unseen, "dSr/Aoy, ov. 
 l^nsightly, "d/xopipos. , 
 
 Untimely, &upos, ov. 
 Unveil, 'di/dKoAjyTrrw. 
 Upon, iirl Tivi. 
 Use, r. xpo^ofxai. 
 Used to, ^vvoiKOi [v]. 
 Useless, 'dvSinfjTos, ov. ^axp^'^os. 
 Utter, fKp'nrTu. 
 Utterly, TrdrC [d]. Ardv [i]. 'dyav. 
 
 OAcus. A/t^o -ndv in Cirnpnsifion ; 
 
 and the superlative (f the adj. in 
 
 question. 
 
 V. 
 Vain, ixdraio^ [d], d, ov. 
 in Vain, &AA&JS. pLdTrjv [a]. 
 prize of Valour, ra -<- 'd/Jio-rerd. 
 Vanished, ppovSos, t}, ov, with or 
 
 without flfii. 
 Vapour, cLTfjihs. 
 Vaticination, rh fiavrfufia. 
 Venerate, aegco. 
 of Vengeance, adj. dtKr}(p6pos. 
 Versatile, iroj/ciAoy. 
 Very (=r self), avrhs, ??, hv. 
 Very, adv. "dydv, Kaprd. 
 to be Vexed, Sduivouai. 
 
 VICTIM — WITNE SS. 
 
 157 
 
 Victim, (Tcpdyiov fa]. TrpSacpayiud. 
 
 Victorious, KaWlvlKos [tj/j. viKawv. 
 
 Victory, vIkt} [i]. 
 
 Villain, Kd/cos. 
 
 Violence, rrphs 0iav. ^la. 
 
 we must do Violence to, ^ia(rr4ov 
 
 7]IJ.7v. 
 
 Violent, e^aiaios. 
 
 Violently, /8/d. 
 
 Vision, rh (pda-fia. 
 
 Voice, rh cpdeyfxa. 6 (pd6yyos. (pdoyyrj. 
 
 Vote, 7! \l/?](pos. 
 
 give a Vote, ^t]((>ov aXpu). 
 
 Vulgar, ^dvauaos, ov [d]. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wail, s. ol/xcoy^. 
 
 Wail aloud, v. avoKoXv^w. 
 
 Wall, T^ Tuxos. 6 To7xos. 
 
 Wander, 'dAao/jLai. 
 
 Want, r. XPVC^ ^^ Seofxal rivos, 
 
 in Want of, ivder)s. 
 
 be in Want of, (nrdvi^ofxai. 
 
 Warm, d(p/nhs, t), hv. 
 
 Wash, hova\ 
 
 Waste, ''dvd\6(i). 
 
 Way, T] dShs. 
 
 out of the Way, iniro^uv. 
 
 We, ^jue?s, U)v^ Tf, ay. 
 
 We ourselves, avrol. 
 
 be Weak, Ka/jLvta, K^K/JLrjKa, iKdjxov. 
 
 AVeak, cto-^ev^s, es. 
 
 display Weakness, fxa\ddKi^o/j.ai. 
 
 Wealth, 6 irAovros. 6 6A€os. 
 
 Weapon, rh )8eAos. 
 
 Wearisome, "drpvros, ov. 
 
 Weave in, ifxirKiKOi. 
 
 Weep for, SdKpvu), vofiai [u], KKaica 
 
 Tivd. 
 to be Weighed down, ^dpOvofiai [v]. 
 Well, /cdAws. eu. 
 it is Well, /caAws ex^*- 
 Well-benched, ei/o-eA^os, ov. 
 Well-born, €vy€vr}s, ks. 
 Well-built, ({jTVKTos. 
 What, hs, ^, h. oTos^ o'/d, ohv. 
 What ? Ti'y, Ti, Tivos or rod [j] ; 
 of What kind, what sort of^ ttoIos, d, 
 
 ov. 
 do What ? tI xpvh-o- 5/>c£« ; 
 
 What then ? ti 5f/Td ; 
 Wliat a great ! cos /ue-yd. 
 Whatever, oo'Tls,f)Tis, o,ti. t)(ros,r;,of. 
 Wlien, 7)vlKd [i] with indie. Srt, or 
 
 iiTii.^ id. 
 Whence, in questions^ irdQiv ; in de- 
 
 fiendcfd clauses, '66 f v. 
 Where, "~ivd, tci/h indie. %v6d. 
 A\'here ? in questions., ttov ; in de- 
 
 pendent clauses, Sttov. 
 AVhether . . . or, efre .... elfre. 
 Which, hs, ^, t). oa-n-ep, ^jTTfp, ^Trcp. 
 
 oTos, oVd, uTov. 
 Whither ? Trot ; 
 White, \€VKhs, r), hv, 
 wjth \\ hite horses, A^vkSttoXos. 
 Nvno, ts, 5j, t. oarris, vtis, '6,r'i. 
 
 dat. Sto). 
 Who ? Tts, rivos or rod, rlvi or t<^, 
 TiVa, Tt, ndth 1 acuted throughout 
 the word. 
 Whosoever, '6<Tr'is, '^'irh {with or with- 
 out TroTe). 
 Why ? ri [tj] ; 
 Wife.^dAoxos. yvvi), yvvaiKhs, yvvat, 
 
 Sdjudp [dfx], Sd/j.apros. 
 Wild, dyptos, a, ov. 
 Wild beast, d i^t)/), ^riphs. 
 Will, Sf4\a,. 
 Willing or willingly, l/cwr, eKoCcra, 
 
 €K6vros. 
 Windpipe, Sia^^oTJ irvev/jidTos. 
 Wing, T^ imphv. 
 Wisdom, aocpid, as. ^vveah [u]. 
 
 <pp6vriixa. 
 Wise, ao(phs, t), hv. evvovs. (ppovewv, 
 over- Wise woman, aocpTJ. 
 to be Wise, <ppov4w. (ppoveca eS. 
 Wisely, au}(pp6vus. 
 W ish, ^ovKofJLai,^ov\€ I. XPVC^' ^paco, 
 
 de'Aw. 
 With, avv, dat; fjiera gen. 
 Within, ivSov. dvrhs. etrw, genii., (V- 
 
 bodfv. 
 from Within, iv5o6€v. 
 Without,*'dT€p or 5ixd [l] rivos (both 
 may l)e used before or after ths 
 genitive ). 
 be Witness, fffdr, Xcrrw, imperat, of 
 oVia. 
 
 \i 
 
153 
 
 WOMAN — ZEUS. 
 
 Woman, yvy^, yvvaiKos, -yvvai. 
 
 ctf Women, yvuaiKuos^ d, oy. 
 
 Wonder, ^av^id^w. 
 
 Wondrous, ^avixa(rrhs^ ^, hv. 3au^a- 
 aios [d], d, ov. 
 
 it h Wont, (luQc. 
 
 Word, 6 \6yos. rh tiro^. 6 fj-^^os. rh 
 (pdiyna. 
 
 in a Word, <Tv\\T]6inv. 
 
 Word of command, rb K(\fv(Tfi&. 
 
 Work, V. epyd(ofjLai, ityafffxai, c!p- 
 70(701, flpydadfxrfv. 
 
 I will Work, ep^«. 
 
 to have the ^Vo^8t, T)<Tadofiai or 
 rjrrdofiai. 
 
 deem Worthy, a^i6u). 
 
 Would that I, is i>(p€\oi/ tvith infini- 
 tive, i/possiUe^ of the secuiid aorid. 
 
 Wound, 5. <7-<^d7^. rh rpav^d. 
 
 Wound, V. mpwaKUy rpuxraif T€- 
 
 TpOtKa. €\k6(a) 
 
 Wrath, x"^'?- 
 
 Wretch or Wretched, ToXaJ, rdAaivd, 
 TdAdi'[aA]. Suo-ToAds. "d^Aios, d, 
 
 Write on, iYYpd<po [«]. 
 
 Writing, 7pd<^^. 
 
 Wrong, s. Kd/citf. 
 
 Wrong, r. 'd5iKe'a>, »cd«wj Sptiw rivh. 
 
 to do Wrong, 'dSiKcw. 
 
 Wrought, elpyda-duTjv and i^fipy. 
 
 (Ipyaff^ai, i^pydaai. vireipyaffnai. 
 
 SeSpd/ca. 
 been Wrought, ireirpoKrai. 
 
 Y. 
 Yet, TTw, enclitic. 
 and Yi't, /cairoi. 
 Yield, uTreiKW [OJ. x^^^a^- 
 
 Yoke, C^b'^*'. 
 
 Yonder, Ue, ^€,^r6d€. ^ 
 
 You, 'OjUcTs, wv, u- or T, ay. 
 
 Young, v4o^, v4d, viov. 
 
 Your, 'vfiuy. 
 
 Youth, 6 vfdyids. 
 
 z. 
 
 Zeus (= Jupiter), Ai6$, Ait, A(a , or 
 Zrjvbs, ZtjvI, Zrjva ; ZeD. 
 
 Addenda, 
 
 Tooth Ti> oSs, ciT(Jy. 
 
 Year, rb ?tos, 6 ^vmirr^s. 
 
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