Ea M:a 
 
EMMA A. LYON 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 • . i 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 The new ground , where many of the Lone Pine Principals dreams may be realized 
 
 The Lone Pine Principal 
 
 A Sketch of Emma A. Lyon’s Work in the 
 Christian Girls’ School, Nanking, China 
 
 BY 
 
 EVA N. DYE 
 
 POWELL & WHITE 
 Cincinnati. O. 
 
The Lone Pine Principal's home in China 
 
 Copyright 1922 
 
 POWELL & WHITE 
 Cincinnati, O. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 Printed in the U. S. A. 
 
 
Foreword 
 
 For fifteen years the writer has known and 
 loved Emma A. Lyon, of Lone Pine, Pleasant 
 Valley, Pennsylvania. During three vacations 
 from China, in public and private, in church 
 and home, in Michigan and California, these 
 stories have been heard over and over until 
 shady walks and dim halls, with groups of 
 happy, Chinese girls seem very familiar, and 
 Miss Chen, Mrs. Hwan and little Whei Sen 
 dear companions. 
 
 These few sketches have been gathered to¬ 
 gether and, with the assistance of Lucy King 
 DeMoss, put into book form, not as a bit of 
 literature, but as an appreciation of a great 
 work, hoping that a host of other friends may 
 thus come to share this close fellowship with 
 the Christian Girls' School, Nanking, China. 
 May some mothers’ girls, perchance one of the 
 writer’s among them, catch here a glimpse of 
 their future. 
 
 EVA NICHOLS DYE. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7 
 
 cjftc Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 LOOKING BACKWARD 
 
 R. WILLIAM E. MACKLIN arrived 
 in Nanking in 1886 from Japan from 
 whence in 1889 he brought his little 
 bride, Dorothy DeLany Garst. Mr. 
 and Mrs. Frank Eugene Meigs, and Mr. and 
 Mrs. Edward T. Williams joined them in 1887. 
 The gospel of healing, education and evangel¬ 
 ism was exemplified in these three pioneer 
 families. In 1889 Mr. Meigs began his boys’ 
 school for developing native leaders. In 1910 
 this school was merged in the Union Uni¬ 
 versity of Nanking, fulfilling the dream of his 
 
 life. 
 
 "A scholar, without going outside his door, 
 knows everything under heaven.” 
 
8 
 
 ^te o /one Pine Principal 
 
 This proverb typified Chinese education of 
 that day. Students committed to memory the 
 four books and five classics and recited them 
 as by metre, swinging from one foot to another, 
 with back turned to the teacher lest they see the 
 book. When ready for the A. B. or Siu Tsai 
 degree, they came to Nanking where they en¬ 
 tered the Examination Halls. These consisted 
 of 27,000 cells, each about six feet high, three 
 feet wide, and four feet long. Each student 
 was assigned to a separate cell which was 
 equipped with movable boards which served 
 as seat and desk. The necessary food, dry rice, 
 cakes and tea, together with bean-oil lamps, in 
 most cases were taken in by the students them¬ 
 selves. Here they remained nine days in three 
 sessions, writing their thesis on some quota¬ 
 tion from the classics. Students often died 
 during these days and their bodies were thrown 
 
 Examina¬ 
 tion Cells 
 
9 
 
 c 7lte o (pne Pine Principal 
 
 over the wall, superstition forbidding their 
 being brought out the front door. Higher de¬ 
 grees were taken in Peking. One having re¬ 
 ceived the highest degree might still consider 
 China the center of the earth and all the rest 
 of the world uncivilized. This system was in 
 existence twelve hundred years. 
 
 Not more than one woman in a thousand and 
 one man in a hundred could read and write. The 
 need of a school for girls therefore grew in the 
 minds and hearts of the workers. Carrie Loos 
 Williams’ most earnest desire was to teach the 
 girls of China. The first attempt was made in 
 the home of Mrs. Molland in Wuhu where she 
 and Rose Sickler gathered a few girls and 
 women, hoping that a Girls’ School would even¬ 
 tually be built there. The China Mission, how¬ 
 ever, decided that such a school should be in 
 Nanking, the strategical point from which to 
 reach the largest number, it being a city of 
 500,000 population, of great historical import- 
 
 Girls oj 
 China 
 
10 
 
 cfltejone, Pine Principal 
 
 ance, and a noted Chinese educational center. 
 Today this decision seems to have been made 
 with prophetic vision. 
 
 “Before they call, I will answer and while 
 they are yet speaking, I will hear.” 
 
 FROM LONE PINE TO PURPLE 
 
 MOUNTAIN 
 
 While the workers in China were dreaming 
 of and planning for a school to educate and 
 uplift the women of China, the Master Mis¬ 
 sionary was preparing the one who would one 
 day make the dream come true. Trudging to 
 
 school and 
 
 going to church, listening to the 
 simple gospel as taught by the 
 Streators, Darsies, Hertzog, and 
 Hoffman, a quiet, thoughtful 
 child lifting her eyes to the lone 
 pine on the hill-top was seeing 
 seemingly impossible visions of 
 unknown peoples and lands. 
 Later at Bethany College, the 
 teaching and ringing challenges 
 of A. McLean crystallized this 
 thought, and sealed the purpose 
 of this young girl to give her life 
 for Christ in some foreign land. 
 
 First Day School in 
 rented house 
 
II 
 
 c TKc Joylc Pine Principal 
 
 In 1892 Mr. and Mrs. E. T. Williams were at 
 home on furlough, visited Bethany College, 
 and asked this young woman to go to China 
 to open a school for girls, which she con¬ 
 sented to do, thus fulfilling the promise. 
 
 The same year this Bethany girl graduate 
 left college halls for China in company with a 
 group going to Japan. The next four years 
 were busy ones, learning the language, teach¬ 
 ing in the boys’ school, doing evangelistic 
 work in the homes and hospitals. Finally a 
 room was rented in the residence of an official 
 where a school was opened. Mrs. Tsao was 
 the first Christian woman teacher, her husband 
 being a teacher in the boys’ school. For 
 twenty-five years Mrs. Tsao has been untiring 
 and is now a faithful Bible woman working 
 with Mary Kelly at South Gate. Her daughter, 
 since a graduate of the Christian Girls’ School, 
 
12 
 
 cjjie Jonc Pine Principal 
 
 was one of the first twenty-one girls 
 to enter the Co-educational Chinese 
 Teachers’ College in Nanking last year. 
 The teacher from Lone Pine, working 
 side by side with Mrs. Tsao, was too busy 
 with the present to even dream of what 
 
 The fu st Jive guis with a quarter of a century would accomplish. 
 
 Miss Lyons, matron 
 
 and teacher While these two taught this little school in 
 
 a rented room, the first real building was going 
 up on the small piece of ground bought for 
 that purpose. This building cost $1,400.00 
 and was a year in the building, being ready for 
 opening in the fall of 1896. This first building 
 was erected in memory of Carrie Loos (Mrs. 
 E. T.) Williams who had been called home be¬ 
 fore hopes for educating Chinese women were 
 ever realized. 
 
 Five girls entered the Christian Girls’ 
 School. There were fewer pupils because of 
 the principle of self support upon which the 
 school was founded and also because Chinese 
 parents thought girls were not worth educat¬ 
 ing and that the money should be used in edu¬ 
 cating the boys. The young teacher endured 
 much criticism because of the requirement of a 
 fee for tuition and board, ranging from two to 
 twenty-five dollars a year. Before the first 
 year was closed, fifteen girls had entered, these 
 being mostly children of the Christians. 
 
13 
 
 Jone Pine, Principal 
 
 FIRST GIRL GRADUATES 
 
 Two of the girls who entered that first year 
 were the first graduates, Hsia Kwei Djen and 
 Chen Shiren. Miss Hsia Kwei Djen (Shaw 
 Gway Jin) was the daughter of one of the first 
 Chinese evangelists in Nanking, a converted 
 
 
 Miss Chen 
 with her girls 
 
 boatman. In one of the better homes in Shang¬ 
 hai you will find Kwei Djen, the happy mother 
 of three fine boys, a splendid housekeeper, and 
 a faithful wife. 
 
 Miss Chen’s stepfather engaged her to the 
 son of a rich farmer for about thirty-five 
 dollars, soon after entering school. This boy 
 was sent to the boys’ school but had to be ex¬ 
 pelled for serious misdemeanors. Later, Miss 
 Chen realized what such an alliance would 
 mean with this young man 
 whom she had never seen, 
 and refused to marry him. 
 
 The Lone Pine Principal 
 found strange new duties 
 awaiting her daily, and 
 now through the middle 
 man, day after day, tried 
 to make some agreement 
 
 
 Wk 
 
14 
 
 c TKc Jone Pine Principal 
 
 with the boy’s father to release this girl. After 
 several months of parleying back and forth, 
 an agreement was reached whereby one 
 hundred dollars was paid to break the engage¬ 
 ment. As the boy’s father was a very cruel 
 man, hanging his own wife to the ceiling by 
 the hair of her head, it was feared he would 
 treat a daughter-in-law even worse. Miss 
 Chen remained in the school, teaching to re¬ 
 pay her beloved teacher the money loaned her. 
 Her wages the first year were fifty cents a 
 month and her board. 
 
 In 1914 Miss Chen was elected Assistant 
 Principal of the school and has since shared the 
 administrative duties. Whether as registrar, 
 supervisor of the normal school, teacher, per¬ 
 sonal worker, leader of student morning watch, 
 Bible Class teacher in government normal, or 
 whatever other duties awaited her, Miss Chen 
 has proved faithful, efficient and most helpful 
 in every way. Many other positions have been 
 offered her by the government and the Chinese 
 Missionary Society, but she feels called to do 
 
 One rainy Sunday 
 on the way to 
 Church 
 
c lPe done Pine Principal s 
 
 15 
 
 this work and the school could not now well 
 do without her. So she goes on, side by side, 
 and step by step, with the girl from Pleasant 
 Valley. 
 
 DISTINGUISHED VISITORS AT 
 
 CHURCH 
 
 One rainy, muddy Sunday, the girls, as their 
 custom was, marched in a body to the services 
 in the first church built on the Drum Tower 
 Hospital grounds. The Lone Pine Principal 
 sat at one side to see that the boys did not 
 distract the attention of her girls, as it was 
 unusual for better class girls to be seen on the 
 streets and in public places. Church had be¬ 
 gun and the Chinese preacher was already 
 
 
 Mrs. Hwan and 
 her four 
 daughters 
 
16 
 
 c Tfte Jonc Pine Principal 
 
 
 speaking when a stir was made as a man and 
 wife and two children walked with quiet 
 dignity down an aisle and took their places 
 without talking aloud or making any disturb¬ 
 ance. They did not smoke pipes during the 
 service, neither were they encumbered with 
 chickens or vegetables, as on the way to 
 market. On the contrary, they sat reverently 
 listening to the preacher and caused general 
 consternation by actually singing the tune 
 when a song was announced. The usual cus¬ 
 tom seemed to be for each one in the audience 
 to sing as independently as to time and origin¬ 
 ally as to tune as was possible, so this most 
 unprecedented proceeding attracted general 
 attention and comment. At the close of the 
 service, the father and mother inquired of the 
 Lone Pine Principal where there was a good 
 
 Showed them the building 
 
c lKc done Pine Principal 
 
 17 
 
 girls’ school to which they could send their 
 daughter. Her heart began to beat faster as 
 she spoke with these high class people and saw 
 the door opening which so far had been tightly 
 closed. Rain and mud were almost forgotten 
 as she led them to the school compound, fol¬ 
 lowed by her group of curious girls, regretting 
 the lack of sidewalks, as they had to wade 
 through pools of mud on the school grounds 
 to get to the building. 
 
 Once inside, the distinguished guests were 
 seated in the reception room where tea, water¬ 
 melon seeds, salted peanuts and little cakes 
 were served. Then the excited young principal 
 showed them over the building. The following 
 week the daughter, Hwan Lee Chan, entered 
 the school. 
 
 Mr. Hwan had been converted 
 when a boy, in a German Evan¬ 
 gelical mission in Canton, and 
 was educated in Germany. He 
 returned home and preached for 
 a number of years, later acting 
 
 Mrs. Hwan’s third daughter and 
 little grand-daughter with the 
 Lone Pine Principal 
 
18 
 
 c Tfic Jgfie Pine Principal 
 
 
 as interpreter to the German Consul in which 
 service he came to Nanking. He never gave 
 up his active Christian work. A few years 
 later he died, leaving Mrs. Hwan with five 
 children. Ever since that time she has been 
 devoted to the interests of the girls’ school, 
 influencing many another high class family 
 to send their girls there, lecturing to the 
 classes of girls, helping entertain the Chinese 
 ladies who call at the school, accompanying 
 the missionaries when making calls on im¬ 
 portant personages, coaching them that no 
 breach of Chinese etiquette be made. She 
 has also acted as middleman in many business 
 transactions, such as buying land, interview¬ 
 ing officials and especially as go-between for 
 the Christian boys in school and university, in 
 helping them choose Christian girls for their 
 wives, arranging the engagements, and assist¬ 
 ing later in the wedding feasts. She has had 
 the joy of seeing all her own girls baptized and 
 come into the church and three of them go into 
 
 Two little 
 grandsons 
 hand in 
 hand 
 
c 7Pc Joitc Pine Principal 
 
 19 
 
 homes of their own, marrying Christian men. 
 The last daughter is still in the school, a Junior 
 in the High School Department, and her two 
 grandsons have already entered the Training 
 School, which is part of the Normal School De¬ 
 partment. 
 
 ENLARGE THE BORDERS OF YOUR 
 
 TENT 
 
 During the first decade the school grew 
 steadily, becoming more and more self-sup¬ 
 porting. An addition was made to the original 
 building, costing about $1,200, providing 
 another dormitory, an assembly room used 
 also as a study hall and recitation room, and 
 three smaller rooms, two being used as offices 
 and the third as a music room. These were 
 about eight by ten feet, the music room con¬ 
 taining a piano and two large book cases with 
 school supplies of ink, paper, books, leaving 
 but little room for students! 
 
 Another of these cubicles is still the office 
 of the Lone Pine Principal, containing filing 
 
 Enlarged 
 
 School 
 
20 
 
 c TPe Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 case, book case and desk. If a chair is moved 
 carefully in a certain direction, the door may 
 be closed but on account of the book case it 
 can never be opened wide. For the last fifteen 
 years this has been the powerhouse of this 
 remarkable school, though wholly inadequate 
 and unfit for the purpose. 
 
 The third of these cubby holes is the office 
 of a fatherly old Chinese teacher and also the 
 only rest room for men teachers, if they rest 
 standing up. Mr. Shi (“Shi” meaning a stone), 
 teaches reading and writing of Chinese charac¬ 
 ters, Chinese composition, lectures on Chinese 
 classics, is advisor on the school board, takes 
 
 responsibility over the school 
 compound during vacations 
 and when many animals are 
 dying from disease, the meat 
 being sold on the street, he it 
 is who warns the Principal 
 that none of this contami- 
 
 Mr. Shi and 
 Mr. Yeh 
 
c 7Pe Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 21 
 
 nated meat be bought for the girls. But for 
 such loyal, faithful Chinese helpers this history 
 could never be written. 
 
 A small temporary building had to be 
 erected for a dining room which immediately 
 became also sewing room, recitation room, 
 social hall and evening prayer meeting room. 
 
 Already these girl graduates were going to 
 our other stations as teachers, this school being 
 then the only source of teaching supply. A 
 normal training department became more and 
 more necessary and this course was added, 
 though bedrooms had to be utilized as class 
 rooms and some classes taught at night. The 
 small day school pupils from the town and 
 smaller boarding pupils making up this train¬ 
 ing school caused so much commotion that the 
 
 Teachers 
 
22 
 
 c TP.e done Pine Principal 
 
 
 high school classes could not study, the one 
 building still serving as dormitory besides be¬ 
 ing Grammar School, High School and Nor¬ 
 mal School. Teachers sat on beds with two 
 classes in each room, even the three cubby¬ 
 hole cubicles having to serve as class rooms 
 for this growing work. Classes had to be held 
 also in the temporary dining room with bricks 
 falling out of walls, broken cement floor, the 
 clatter of dishes, talking of cooking school 
 classes, practicing on the second hand organ, 
 sewing class in one corner, and other interest¬ 
 ing things often going on at the same time. 
 
 Originally, the girls came from homes 
 where grandmothers, mothers and even the 
 girls themselves had bound feet so that when 
 they came to the Girls’ School they never 
 wanted to play and many feet had to be pain¬ 
 fully unbound. 
 
 Hsia Kwei Djen was the first girl who 
 
 The 
 
 misshaped, 
 
 broken 
 
 feet 
 
23 
 
 ^fpe done Pine Principal 
 
 entered with bound feet. The mother’s con¬ 
 sent to unbind them was sought and refused 
 because Kwei Djen was already engaged to 
 be married and the mother-in-law must con¬ 
 sent. A few weeks later her answer came 
 saying she could never agree as she wanted a 
 daughter-in-law with small feet. 
 
 A few months afterward Kwei Djen was 
 baptized and herself decided that she would un¬ 
 bind her feet no matter what persecution she 
 might suffer, for she knew now it was wrong 
 not to have feet the way God had made them. 
 Not even the mission doctor could help, so once 
 more the brave young girl from Pleasant 
 Valley faced a new, untried task. Kwei was 
 put to bed, her feet carefully unbound and 
 carefully, twice a day, the misshaped, broken 
 feet were gently soaked, rubbed 
 with oil and straightened out by 
 placing bits of cotton beneath the 
 toes, bandaging them finally with 
 paste-board to hold the broken 
 bones straight until healed. It 
 would be hard to say whose 
 
 0 
 
 Hsia Kwei Djen and 
 two little boys 
 
24 
 
 o Q>ne Pine Principal 
 
 t 
 
 suffering was the greater, that of the little girl 
 tossing through painful, sleepless nights, or 
 her compassionate nurse, also sleepless with 
 the pain of China’s womanhood. 
 
 Kwei Djen while slowly mending the broken 
 bones decided that she, a Christian, could not 
 marry a non-Christian boy. After graduating 
 as one of that first class of two, she remained 
 to teach a while both in the Girls’ School and 
 at South Gate, then married a Christian man 
 and is now living in Shanghai, as you already 
 know. 
 
 So little by little the girls were encouraged 
 to play out of doors and later a gymnasium 
 became imperative for the physical develop¬ 
 ment of these girls. 
 
 The new gymnasium meant new life to such 
 girls as Kwei Djen and all the Chinese girls. 
 This was built at a cost of seven or eight 
 hundred dollars, the vision of a rest home in the 
 mountains materializing into bricks and mortar 
 
 New life 
 to Kwei 
 Djen 
 
25 
 
 c 77ie o Qyne Pine Principal 
 
 
 under a more impelling vision of transformed 
 womanhood. 
 
 Even with a very meager equipment, the 
 gymnasium has justified the builder and was 
 barely under cover before the overcrowded 
 classes swarmed to the new building and music 
 pupils vied with each other in getting to 
 practice there. A few years ago the Mission 
 financed putting in glass windows, as the gym 
 became the public auditorium for the school 
 activities. 
 
 STUDENT STRIKE 
 
 In 1919 after the Peace Conference when 
 Japan claimed the right to the rich Province 
 of Shantung, treasured by the Chinese as the 
 
 The vision of a 
 Rest Home 
 
 The Gymnasium—the vision materialized 
 
26 
 
 c 7fie Jpnc Pine Principal 
 
 birthplace of Confucius and the sages, Chinese 
 students sent petitions to the rulers, pleading 
 that this territory be kept. These petitions 
 not being heeded the students boycotted all 
 Japanese goods and every school was, for the 
 time, turned into a workshop where they manu¬ 
 factured articles to replace those imported. 
 Thousands of students paraded the streets dis¬ 
 tributing literature, stopping at large and small 
 stores alike demanding that all Japanese goods 
 be handed over to them. Girls and boys both 
 joined in the parade while anxious missionaries 
 and teachers rode along in rickshas to chaper¬ 
 one pupils, at the same time fearing that they 
 themselves might be thought to be taking an 
 active part in the uprising. Telegraph poles, 
 trees and houses were decorated with Japanese 
 umbrellas, hats and other articles, but the mass 
 of loot was carried to the public athletic 
 grounds where in the presence of thousands a 
 speech was made and fire set to the pile. 
 
 Student 
 
 Parade 
 
27 
 
 cjfie Jone Pine Principalis^ 
 
 
 The memory of those days will never be 
 blotted from the mind of the Lone Pine 
 Principal nor from the mind of many another, 
 it being to them the Birthday of Chinese 
 patriotism marked by genuine self sacrifice. 
 
 The old temporary, heterogeneous dining 
 room could no longer stand up under the con¬ 
 flicting strain and as the roof refused further 
 repairs, the new gymnasium opened wide her 
 friendly doors to the hungry students, proving 
 her adaptability not to be outdone by any 
 previous or contemporary room—not even by 
 the Lone Pine Principal’s office. 
 
 Meanwhile, the High School teachers and 
 pupils demanded more room and quiet, so as 
 there was no building fund the old dilapidated 
 dining room and kitchen were torn down, not 
 one brick left upon another and all were car- 
 
 Schools as workshops 
 
28 
 
 c Jpc done Pine Principal 
 
 
 ried in baskets on poles suspended 
 from men’s shoulders to the other 
 end of the compound south of the 
 gymnasium. Here these same 
 bricks were proud to find a per¬ 
 manent home in the walls of a 
 Kindergarten Primary School. 
 As the young normal teachers 
 came daily down the long walk 
 between rows of pine trees with 
 troops of happy little children, 
 even the bricks seemed to glow 
 with pride and satisfaction, and 
 the new tiled roof spread out 
 protectingly. 
 
 Kindergarten Primary School 
 
THE DAY BEFORE CHRISTMAS 
 Tsedema was going out to buy ducks, bean 
 curd, and vegetables for the Christmas dinner. 
 For many years Tsedema had bought all the 
 food for the school, being conscientious and 
 honest to a fault. From morning to night she 
 had worked away, doing her own and others’ 
 work, and washing windows when time hung 
 heavy on her hands. Once when urged by the 
 anxious Principal to rest a while, Tsedema 
 said, “I cannot stay here and eat your food and 
 do nothing.” She packed up her little bag and 
 but for the pleading of her many friends she 
 would have gone to her country home. Now 
 as she went rushing along down the alley, shod 
 in old discarded shoes and a black cloth tied 
 over her head, she suddenly looked down in a 
 little gutter and saw a tiny 
 baby wrapped in old footbind¬ 
 ing rags. Dropping her basket 
 she ran back to the school 
 where the girls and teachers 
 were gathered for morning 
 worship and excitedly called 
 out, “Oh, come and see what 
 we’ve found on the street.” 
 
 Little Hivei Sen and 
 two older girls 
 
30 
 
 c lPc Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 Miss Fuh 
 
 Superintendent 
 of Primary 
 School 
 
 Ready for any emergency the Principal from 
 Lone Pine slipped quietly, yet quickly out and 
 followed Tsedema. When they reached the 
 spot a crowd of women and a Buddhist nun 
 from a nearby temple gathered, and there in 
 the midst lay the almost lifeless babe whom 
 none of them would touch save with their feet. 
 
 When asked if they would take the babe 
 into their homes, they said, “No, it would bring 
 bad luck to our homes to take a child cast 
 away.” When asked if they would bear witness 
 that the missionary had not stolen the child 
 they quickly said, “Oh! yes, and you will lay up 
 much merit!” Riots had often been caused by 
 rumors that babies had been stolen by mission¬ 
 aries to make medicine out of their eyes. So 
 extra care had to be taken to avoid this. The 
 babe was carried to the dormitory where all 
 the girls excitedly gathered around and wel¬ 
 comed this stray cast-away to share their 
 home and school. A young Christian mother, 
 a former pupil of the Girls’ School, came and 
 kept the wee babe close to her own body dur¬ 
 ing the night to restore warmth and life to the 
 babe. For several weeks the babe was kept in 
 the home of the Principal, then wisely taken 
 with her nurse to the dormitory where she be¬ 
 came the school baby and grew up among these 
 girls as a little sister. When the time came to 
 name her, the fatherly old Chinese teacher, 
 Mr. Shi, searched in the book of one hundred 
 names and chose the first name in the book, 
 Djao, for the family name and Hwei Sen for a 
 
given name, meaning “born with mercy,” as she 
 had been so fortunate as to fall into the hands 
 of such friends instead of being eaten by the 
 dogs or cast into the baby tower. 
 
 Hwei Sen is still in the school, growing and 
 developing into a fine little girl. Old Tsedema 
 loves her fondly as a grandmother. 
 
 A NEW DINING ROOM 
 
 At last, in 1918, a permanent dining room 
 was built. Every building was crowded be¬ 
 yond its capacity, so the new building was 
 built in the form of an H. In the right wing 
 are two dining rooms, one for Primary chil¬ 
 dren and one for High School and Normal 
 students. All these girls are served their own 
 foods, the principal dish being rice. They eat 
 with chopsticks just as in their own homes. 
 
 In the connecting link are kitchen, store room 
 for provisions, lamp and broom closet. In the 
 left wing are three rooms, dressing room, bath 
 and laundry. When this was completed, how- 
 
 room 
 
32 
 
 c Jtie Jpnc Pine Principal 
 
 
 ever, the library had to be moved into the din¬ 
 ing rooms and the first piano bought by the 
 music tuition was placed there. As though 
 this were not sufficient, the broom and lamp 
 closet had to consent to be the matron’s room, 
 the girls’ dressing room to be a composite of 
 dispensary, chemical laboratory, sewing room, 
 ironing room, sterilizing room for clothing and 
 bedding, evening prayer room for primary 
 children, and Bible class room for women 
 servants in the afternoon when not in use for 
 some other purpose. The middle of these three 
 rooms in the left wing is the school bath room 
 provided with ten small, round or oval wooden 
 tubs, four to five inches deep and perhaps two 
 feet in diameter. Every morning Tsedema 
 
 heats the water on a special stove, 
 in a tiny room beside the matron’s 
 room, hands it out of a window 
 to the girls who carry it across 
 the passage-way to the bathroom. 
 This is not ideal by any means 
 but even so is the result of much 
 ingenuity when the city of Nank¬ 
 ing still has no system. These 
 buildings are lighted only by 
 
 Happiness 
 
c Tfie Jone Pine Principal 
 
 33 
 
 lanterns hung in all the rooms and halls, lamps 
 being used in the study hall only. Electricity 
 is beginning to be used in Nanking, and friends 
 of the Lone Pine Principal long for the time 
 when electric lights will gleam in every room, 
 lifting a burden which has rested heavily upon 
 her for a quarter of a century, as she sleeps 
 brokenly, waking often to look over toward 
 the dormitory fearing lest a fire break out in 
 her beloved school. Only poor old Tsedema 
 would be lost without her lanterns to clean! 
 
 “The soul without imagination is what an 
 observatory would be without a telescope.” 
 
 A MODEL HOME 
 
 Fully three-fourths of all the girls who at¬ 
 tend the Girls’ School marry 
 and go into homes of their own. 
 
 For years the girl from Pleas¬ 
 ant Valley dreamed of a little 
 house built entirely of Chinese 
 materials and of Chinese archi¬ 
 tecture, with possible improve¬ 
 ments on the ordinary Chinese 
 home, where her girls might be 
 
 The girls marry 
 
34 
 
 c lPe Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 trained to be housekeepers and homemakers. 
 Finally she dreamed it into being as a sculptor, 
 an artist, or a poet puts into marble, on canvas, 
 or on paper, the images of his soul. This 
 beautiful little dream house is built up on a 
 foundation and has screened windows and 
 doors. Inside it is arranged similarly to a 
 Chinese house, with reception room, dining 
 room, two bedrooms; with clothes closets, 
 kitchen and bathroom, for which they still 
 borrow a tub. Several improvements have 
 been added, a little fireplace in the dining room 
 with cupboards on either side for books and 
 dishes. In the kitchen, inventive genius has 
 put iron doors on the Chinese stove, and a 
 combination laundry tub and sink with cup¬ 
 board beneath. Groups of six girls and a 
 
 Dreamed into being 
 
35 
 
 c lPe Jonc Pine Principal 
 
 
 teacher spend several months there while 
 studying domestic art. The curtains and 
 draperies are all Chinese materials, and every¬ 
 thing taught is to help them be better home¬ 
 makers. No girl graduates without having 
 had a course there. 
 
 There are visitors daily coming to see this 
 model Chinese home, students returned from 
 America, missionaries of other Societies, 
 students from government schools and many 
 others who want to see and have better homes. 
 Friends of the Lone Pine Principal should 
 duplicate this dream house, as several such 
 units are greatly needed and would cost but 
 one thousand dollars each. 
 
 Despite this slow growth with poor equip¬ 
 ment and few workers, eight hundred girls 
 
 Some of the girls who have gone to Ginling College 
 
36 
 
 c lPe done Pine Principal 
 
 have attended this Christian Girls’ School. 
 Fifty-two of these have graduated from High 
 School, ten have gone on to Ginling College, 
 which has been open but six years, the only 
 college for girls in the Yangtse valley. One 
 girl came to Bethany College and others have 
 come to various colleges and universities in 
 America. Teachers have gone to every one of 
 the other mission stations. Other mission 
 and government schools are constantly asking 
 for these fine teachers, but the supply is not 
 equal to the demand. Several have gone into 
 specialized schools to prepare for physical 
 education and kindergarten. 
 
 The majority of all these girls become 
 Christians and Central China is being dotted 
 over with their homes and their children are 
 already coming to the Primary School on the 
 campus. 
 
 As by-products of this great school, three 
 independent schools have been opened, one in 
 the North Anhwei province, one in Shanghai, 
 
 Music 
 
 class 
 
c Tfic Jone Pine Principal 
 
 37 
 
 and one outside the city wall of Nanking. Out¬ 
 side this North Gate is a prominent resident 
 and business section of the city. Many of the 
 better educated people live here as students 
 who have been abroad or from other mission 
 schools. Nanking is still a walled city, the 
 wall extending twenty-one miles around. It 
 is seventy feet high and broad enough for two 
 Fords to run abreast if they could scale the 
 height. This very wall has been standing 
 for centuries and is still in good repair. There 
 are eight double sets of gates, inner and outer, 
 around the wall, closely guarded and closed 
 every night. There are guard towers on the 
 wall at frequent intervals and soldiers pacing 
 between. 
 
 On the twentieth anniversary of the school, 
 
 Some of the Alumni 
 
 
38 
 
 ( 7Pe done Pine Principal s 
 
 in 1916, the alumni met at a dinner and there 
 planned to open a school in Hsia Gwan as a 
 memorial to their Alma Mater. A number of 
 other former undergraduate students also 
 helped. A two story Chinese building was 
 rented. One of their own number teaches the 
 school with the aid of a hired teacher. Other 
 of the former students who live near enough 
 come from their own homes to help teach the 
 classes. This Alumni school has seven 
 grades, after which the students enter the Pre¬ 
 paratory High School at the Christian Girls’ 
 School, thus being a feeder for the mother 
 school. During these five years since the an¬ 
 niversary there has been an average of fifty 
 girls a year attending the little church nearby. 
 This was the very section where the girl from 
 Pleasant Valley began her evangelistic work 
 many years ago, holding meetings for women 
 in a hired building. Now this school is a center 
 of strong Christian influence to the community, 
 
 School of 
 Ninety 
 Supported 
 by Alumni 
 of the 
 Christian 
 Girls' School 
 
39 
 
 c 7ite Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 as the Bible woman holds meetings here reg¬ 
 ularly and visits in the homes of the pupils. 
 The older girls from the mother school also 
 come regularly to help teach classes on Sunday. 
 This wonderful memorial school is entirely 
 supported by the Alumni and former students 
 who have now borrowed money and purchased 
 land on which to build their own school build¬ 
 ing. They have pledged to pay back the bor¬ 
 rowed money this fall, then begin to get funds 
 for the building. The whole school is pat¬ 
 terned after the original and the same spirit 
 of loyalty is already displayed by the student 
 body. 
 
 While the Lone Pine Principal keeps on with 
 her work, patiently, untiringly, optimistic al¬ 
 ways, despite the years of waiting for funds 
 
 out every year 
 
40 
 
 c Jpc Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 for enlargement and adequate equipment, her 
 pupils go out every year enlarging more and 
 more the sphere of her influence and every¬ 
 where they go they take the message of Christ. 
 So as these lines are read, on the far frontier, 
 as missionaries, in schools, as teachers, in 
 homes and hospitals as nurses, in homes of 
 wealth and influence, in common homes as 
 well, with children by their side, we see the 
 outreach of an unfaltering faith lengthening the 
 cords and strengthening the stakes. But does 
 this work belong to the Lone Pine Principal? 
 No! It is our work and she but the one who 
 has gone as ambassador for us. For twenty- 
 five years have we kept her watching and 
 waiting for help we should have given. 
 
 Arise—the King’s business requireth haste! 
 
 Girls baptized Easter Sunday 
 
41 
 
 c Tfie done Pine Principal 
 
 The Girls’ School campus is 
 enclosed by a wall eight to ten 
 feet high with one gate and a 
 faithful old keeper. East of 
 this campus lies a piece of 
 ground that the mission has 
 tried for years to procure. The 
 Standard Oil Company of 
 China has also tried to buy it 
 but finally in January of 1921, 
 it was secured and a wall ex¬ 
 tended around it. This plat is 
 covered with mulberry trees 
 and gardens. The mulberries 
 were grown to feed silk worms. 
 The final arrangements for 
 purchase of this land were in¬ 
 volved with formal dinners, 
 with acceptance and refusal of 
 money, with sudden increase 
 in prices, until days and weeks 
 
 The Gate Keeper 
 
 The 
 
 girls from 
 Java 
 
42 
 
 ( 77ie done Pine Principal 
 
 were fraught with uplift and depression. To 
 tell it all would fill a whole volume. 
 
 An educated Chinese man of big business in 
 Java, who has sent thirteen or sixteen girls 
 from there to the Girls’ School, heard of the 
 proposed buying of land for enlargement, and 
 sent one thousand dollars to help buy it. The 
 need for this land is apparent, as all the older 
 buildings are outgrown. The greatest demand 
 is a High School with every modern equipment. 
 The High School still meets in the dormitory, 
 making it necessary for the girls to be crowded 
 in small beds set tightly together. Last year 
 large numbers of girls had to be turned away 
 as there was no room for them to sleep. This 
 brought sorrow to the Principal who knew this 
 meant forcing them to attend non-Christian 
 schools or else receiving no education. One 
 hundred and seventy roomed in the dormitory 
 last year and this number could be greatly in¬ 
 creased with the new badly needed equipment, 
 
 Beds set tightly 
 together 
 
c Tftc c/one Pine Principal 
 
 
 43 
 
 to say nothing of the better training that could 
 be given the pupils. This new High School 
 could be built for twenty-five thousand dollars. 
 
 Besides this, there should be a home for the 
 missionaries, commodious and comfortable, 
 costing perhaps three or four thousand dollars. 
 Then the building now used as a home for the 
 workers could be used for a school of music and 
 relieve the confusion and congestion in dining¬ 
 rooms, gymnasium and dormitory. 
 
 Then on the east end of this new ground, 
 the Principal dreams of a building where wo¬ 
 men and girls from the town may come daily 
 to learn how to sew, or to cook, to read and be 
 taught about Jesus. She dreams of a play¬ 
 ground for children and such forms of practical 
 
 Faculty 
 
44 
 
 c #fe done Pine Principal 
 
 
 service where girls from the school may be 
 taught to help those less fortunate. Two or 
 three thousand dollars would make this dream 
 a reality. 
 
 Twenty-five years have now passed since the 
 Christian Girls’ School was opened and the 
 Lone Pine Principal started the work with the 
 five girls. She has not done this alone, but with 
 the support and practical help of the others, 
 who beside their own work have taught or ad¬ 
 vised with her, and have been true friends at all 
 times. These true and tried friends of the past 
 and the present and future should have name 
 plates around the new High School or else¬ 
 where and all would remember Macklin, Meigs, 
 Kelly, Settlemyer, Butchart, McCallum and 
 many another. Friends there have been who 
 have come from across seas, have seen, have 
 tarried to wonder, and have hallowed these 
 
 Serving 
 
 dinner 
 
 to the 
 teachers 
 
c Tfie Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 45 
 
 halls with their presence.—A. McLean, Mrs. 
 Jerould, Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Doan, S. J. Corey, 
 and others, among them Margaret Frazee, 
 whose home once was Lone Pine, Pleasant 
 Valley. She tarried five months among them 
 and loved the school, teachers, and pupils. 
 
 Who will answer the unspoken challenge? 
 Who will follow the gleam like the girl from 
 Lone Pine, Pleasant Valley, and find a life 
 work worth while in China, in Congo, or else¬ 
 where ? 
 
 Dreams of a 
 Playground 
 for Children 
 
46 
 
 c 7Ite Jone Pine Principal 
 
 
 Planting Trees on 
 the New Ground 
 
 \ J| 
 
 i> y 
 
 1 
 
 
 m 
 
 !/• 
 
 The Wedding Party 
 
 Girls from the Mother School 
 
47 
 
 c 7)ie Jovlc Pine Principal 
 
 One of the Ginling Girls 
 The daughter of a contractor 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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