MASTER 
 NEGA TIVE 
 NO. 93-81628 
 
MICROFILMED 1993 
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AUTHOR: 
 
 SKINNER, THOMAS 
 
 TITLE: 
 
 THE LIFE OF GENERAL 
 MONK 
 
 PLACE: 
 
 LONDON 
 
 DA TE : 
 
 1723 
 
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 Skinner, Thomas, 16 29?- 167^. : 
 
 The life of General Monk, late duke of Albemarle 
 ...in which is a very particular account of that., 
 march from Coldstream to London... to which is add- 
 ed a preface giving. . .some observations in vindi- 
 cation of General Monk's conduct, by William V^eb- 
 ster. London, Bowyer, 1723. 
 427 p. 20 cm. 
 
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 •■•'1 ;^',* 
 
 O F 
 
 ..V » ••'1 r^* - M y^ 
 
 General iWC 
 
 Late Duke oF AlbexMarlej 
 
 From an Original Manuscript of 
 
 r.i/ MAS SKI NNE R, M. D. 
 
 Author of Mows CompofiUy 
 
 I N W H I C H 
 
 Is a very particular Account of that molt 
 
 memorable Mrfch from C./(/y?rw/« to ioW.«i 
 
 Of ' 
 
 The Prepar^tlons for it in Scotland, 
 The happy Confec^uences of it in England. 
 
 lo wnich is acidei \ 
 
 PREFACE, 
 
 Giving an Account of the Manuscript, 
 
 SomeOBSEKV*TXON^ia''viKOICATIONOf 
 
 General MOiV/T's Conduct; 
 
 By IVIL LI AM WEBS TERM-k. 
 Curate of St. ga/^j^J ^» ^^^ ^^/- 
 
 L O iV D O iV; 
 Primed by W.BowYERin Wbite-Fryars ^ 
 for thcEDiTOR. MDCCXXUI. 
 
 iri:si.Nri.]. n. .iiMi.xwi. ii iiusniAi. i-.v kin.; r,i.nit..i. riir. io.ktii 
 
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T H E 
 
 (VKOKdK MOXK.nrKK ol' AL15I:MAIJI.K. I\ ( 
 
 i,ui;i) <.i.M.i;.\i. «>i nil. i-oid r.s r.v si.a am) i and. 
 
 L I 
 
 F 
 
 E 
 
 O F 
 
 General MONK: 
 
 Late Duke of AlbexMarlej 
 
 From an Original Manuscript of 
 
 THOMJS SKINNER,U.D. 
 
 Author of 'Motm Compoftti j 
 
 1 N W H I C H 
 
 Is a very particular Account of that molt 
 
 memorable xMifetf-frym fMJl.m^ :'°.^''"'^''" ' 
 
 The PREP^^r^F^if y?.fe^ i}\^ Scotland. 
 The happ y Cpnfeguerices of ^it In England. 
 
 PREFACE, 
 
 Giving an Account of the Manuscript, 
 
 AND 
 ,«K, c inVlNDlCATION OI 
 
 Some Oeseu VAT IONS in vindiua 
 
 General MOiV/^'s Conduct; 
 
 By /T/X LI AM WEB S f/J'f.A. 
 C urate of St. g«»./?^» J ^» ^^^ ^^fi' 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Primed by W.BowYERin mite- Fry ars, 
 for thcEoiTOR. MDCCXXUI. 
 
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 ■^^If 
 
 T O 
 
 The Right Honourable the 
 
 Countefs Granville 
 
 AND 
 
 yOHiV Lord GO WER, 
 
 Baron of Stittenham in the 
 County of Torh 
 
 Madam, 
 
 H E following Life 
 
 claims the Prote- 
 ^^_^^^_ aion of Your La- 
 dy ship's Name, in Right 
 
 A c>f 
 
 !,; 
 
 '1 
 
 I ■' 
 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
of Relation Uhfl" F^iend- 
 tient^f il^ill^ Sm^ ^^) 
 
 viLLEs and ]%e 'Monks 
 
 _— -., and aii A'gVe^tt^nt 
 m Principles. But the Duke 
 
 of Albemarle and Your 
 
 Great Father the Earl of 
 B A T H, were more intimate- 
 ly united by an early Ac- 
 quaintance in their Youths 
 and in their riper Years, 
 by a happy Concurrence of 
 Counfels an4 Adions/^ 
 the AccOmpliftiinent of the 
 
 truly Glorious Restore- 
 
 Tioir. /But, *^H ^ii^ c^ 
 
 Madam, 
 
 rhn'} 
 
 c# Fa^r, j#o bears 
 follonovvablH tart in the 
 
 enfuing Hiftcj^y, and of Af 
 feftioa to the Memory ot 
 
 who is the chief Subjeft 
 of i J ; give me leave to lay* 
 Your Ladyship appears 
 to be under a further, ^nd 
 more particular Obligati- 
 on to encourage a iaithtui 
 Account of §^ Ii# and 
 Aaions of the D^^^ Pt 
 Ik , w . . T, K • forafiottf h 
 as the Honour. j^^^ out 
 
 , A 2 Family 
 
'sr^'" 
 
 ( 
 
 DEDICJTJQm 
 
 Family oimuft, nece/Iarily 
 partafccijof ithfe Iirjur^ he 
 has fttiferedlfrom the Mii3 
 
 reprefentatiorisof his Ene- 
 rnieia And, p, 
 
 My Lord, t ;* 
 
 To the Honour of Your 
 L o R D s H I p's Patronage this 
 Hiftory feems equally en- 
 titled, your Lordship be^ 
 
 ing alfo defcended from the 
 Gran viLLEs, and thereby 
 
 related to the Monks: But 
 not more nearly related by 
 m<>od, than by an Affinity 
 
 QfhighQualities and noble 
 Endowments. The WiO- 
 dom , Cqurage , and con^ 
 
 A ftant 
 
 4 i % 
 
 ftant^ AdhereBm;to th^ 
 
 Gddnttiy /nuritUvedferViri 
 tuei fo ^(MpicuomiiiYoiir 
 
 Ancestors, fhim'in*eit 
 
 full Perfeaion,Un'^our 
 LoRi>sHip'^€haraaer.^A^ 
 a good Subjea, You thmk 
 it Your Duty to encourage 
 Monarchkal Men, mA Ma- 
 narcbical Principhs, not 
 having learned the Maxims 
 of fome mdderfi Politicians, 
 v'lia-fiaew their Loyalty to 
 His Ma ft s A, 'i&y a^haW- 
 thM' Aver iion' tk) RftfW f^^ 
 VerrimerifiT and^li¥<lhd^ftrj- 
 
 !-'l 
 
 '» 
 
 A 3 
 
 ons 
 
 . J 
 
with Impunifi)^, ,to. propa^ 
 
 gate EepuhUcanr ^otiqns} 
 
 As an ENGLisHAi A|f ^ Yon are 
 equally caceful to preferve 
 the invaluable Bleflings of 
 Liberty and Property j as a 
 Member of the Church^ 
 You efteem it neither Po^ 
 pery, nov Superjlit'wn, to af 
 fert her DoEirines and Infti- 
 tut'ton, to fupport her Rights, 
 and proted her CZ^r^/. 
 
 But befides thefe excel- 
 lent Qualities which fliev 
 themfelves in a more Pul> 
 lick rnanner, Your L 9 »^- 
 shipI private Virtues are 
 
 ^ ' made 
 
 fr 
 
 DEDICATION. 
 
 made fubfervient to the 
 Cood of Your Co u n t r y ; 
 That eafy Addrefs and 
 flowing Affability, that e^ 
 caeina Condefcenfion , as 
 llll as graceful Dignity in 
 all Your Adions, have, my 
 io.D, in Your early Years, 
 given You fuch a Share of 
 fhe general Efteem and Af- 
 feafons of Your Country- 
 men, as very few have ever 
 lived to attain to. Thole 
 who have the Happmefs to 
 live nearYou, feel no worle 
 
 Effeds of the Man of Qua- 
 Hty, than his Bounty and 
 Hofpitahty. and a Readi- 
 nefe to protea them from 
 the Injuries of other Me^^ 
 
DEDICATION. 
 
 As all thefe happy Talents 
 have been conduded with 
 the mofl honeft Skill, 'tis 
 hoped the World will learn, 
 from Your L o r d s h i p's Ex- 
 ample, how unneceflary Par- 
 ty Rage, and an unneigh- 
 bourly Refentment towards 
 fuch as differ from You are 
 to the carrying on a good 
 Caufe fuccefsfully. 
 
 I hope, my Lord, Ilhall 
 one Day fee Your Lord- 
 ship in full Power at the 
 Head of that Intereft (the 
 Intereft of our Conftitution 
 in Church and State) which 
 no Man has more eflFedu- 
 ally promoted. This, my 
 
 Lord, 
 
 my Gomtrfim the'Ho. 
 nour of the Crvwn. 
 
 I muft now humbly beg 
 your H o N o xJ R s to accept of 
 this plain Addrefs, and my 
 inconfiderable Share jn the 
 Performance I here prefent 
 You with. It is a great Ad- 
 vantage to the Memory of 
 
 the Author^ ^bat Ws Pa- 
 trons are ^opex judges 
 pf ' juft and elegaat ^Ft^it- 
 ing: *^The Effi t o> has no 
 
 I 
 I 
 
DEDICATION. 
 
 As all thefe happy Talents 
 have been condudred with 
 the moll honeft Skill, 'tis 
 hoped the World will learn, 
 from Your L o r d s h i p's Ex- 
 ample, how unneceflary Par- 
 ty Rage, and an unneigh- 
 bourly Refentment towards 
 fuch as differ from You are 
 to the carrying on a good 
 Caufe fuccefsfully. 
 
 I hope, my Lord, Ifliall 
 one Day fee Your Lord- 
 ship in full Power at the 
 Head of that Intereft (the 
 Intereft of our Conftitution 
 in Church and State) which 
 no Man has more eflFedu- 
 ally promoted. This, my 
 
 Lord, 
 
 
 
 Lord, is the |)roper Reward 
 
 ready ftewttfknd m ,^ifti. 
 M it, I ^iv&S^Prpof of my 
 Zealfer the flappiftels of 
 r&^ Country I W^ the Ho-, 
 nour of the Grown, ' 
 
 I muft now humbly beg 
 your H o N o if R 8 to accept of 
 this plain Addrefs, and my 
 inconfiderable Share in the 
 Performance I here prefent 
 You with. It is a great Ad- 
 vantage to the Memory of 
 
 the Author^ t;l:iat bis Pa- 
 trons are ^ppejt Judges 
 Qf'jufl: and eiegaot iWSrit- 
 '-^ -'^ . lw§ no 
 
 
 t 
 
I" 1 
 
 lit 
 
 
 Hopes, tmtftoly0tir« woi^cd 
 
 on. I ha vcv eilgageid r kk^ a 
 good Gaufe, and with a 
 good Intention ; wlfich is 
 all I have to plead in Exfcufe 
 
 for an IntrodtSion fo muGh 
 
 • - 
 
 below the Dignity of the 
 Subjed. Had I vindicated 
 the Condud of G E N E R A l 
 M o N K as juftly as Dr. Skik ^ 
 NER ha^ ffelated ft faithfiil- 
 ly , the State/man, the Hero, 
 the EisrmW, Would all dp* 
 pear in their proper Lu^ 
 fire , and refled as much 
 Honour upon the Relations 
 of the Duke, a$ can be 
 ^^M^fi mBilhJJ derived 
 
 (Wri^ed to th^m ffGftsri the 
 
 i^lfEaabf^i%3 S^^abilitiy^ of 
 
 lih^r^PR^ePSN'iT'tftsl 
 
 
 Jl&y tt pleafe Tour 
 
 'fl I. 
 
 J I 
 
 ^ 
 
 With great Efteem, 
 7b«r Honours mofi ohdient 
 
 * ,„ i' ■■ ' '"' 
 
 Jni devoted humhle S^ant' 
 
 William Webfter 
 
N' 
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 PREFACE, Page y for DifafFcdion when^ 
 read where. 
 
 Pag. f o for the Motives to their Infurr^ftion wasy 
 , read were/ 
 
 Pag. f 7 for compaJ/ionahu\ read cGmpanionable. 
 Pag. f7 the * at Mr. Lock's Memoirs, place at 
 Mr. Ecbard'^ Hiftory. • f 
 
 Pag. 20 Sea. 4 of the LIFE, for Supplies be- 
 
 ing^ read were. 
 Pag. 7<J Sc(5l. 6 jEpr Dalkritb, read DalkeitbUonfc. 
 Pag. iSpSeft. ri-. for //>^, read <i5'Hannibjil» 
 Pag. 26p Sea. 8 fbr Dr. Efdren, read fTren. 
 Pag. 271 for anfwer'd by Mr. Morrice^ read Com- 
 
 miflary Clarges. 
 
 ^&3rp Sea./ fof Dia'j^icc (?/^ x^^/mm. 
 
 wmmwwm 
 
 *i 
 
 T H ^ 
 
 EDITORS 
 
 P R E r A C E. 
 
 N this prefatory DifcourJ^ , 
 TVherein I propofe to makefome 
 
 Reflexions upon the ConduB of 
 
 General MoKK, in Findication of 
 him from fome Afperftons of hts Ene- 
 mies, or the lefs malicious, but equally 
 ■injurious Mtftakes of thofe, who would 
 be thought at leafl to be favourable to 
 his CharaBer; I Jhall not detain the 
 Reader upon the common SuhjeB of 
 Biographers j the delightful and profit- 
 . . ' a able 
 
m 
 
 k 
 
 ii The Editor's 
 
 ahle Nature of Hifiory in general ^ hut 
 confine my felf dire5ily to the Matter 
 and Scene of ABion before uu A Scene 
 equally wonderful and furprizingj tn 
 the Formation J in the ConduB^ in the 
 Accomplijhmenty and happy EffeBs of 
 it. A Scene which opened in reducmg 
 this Part of the World we inhabit , out 
 of the difmal Confufion and Anarchy y 
 wherein y like the primitive Chaos, it lay 
 invohfdy into a State fo well inform' d 
 and regular y that perhaps no Confiitu- 
 tion of Government upon Earth ever 
 fubfifted upon a more wifCy equitable y or 
 well-tempered Model. 
 ^ In reference to foreign Hijioryy I 
 Jhall only ohfervey that ifFaBsy wherein 
 ■ the feveral Ages and Nations of the 
 World have been mterefiedy if Revolu- 
 tions refpeBing the Government of 
 Greece, or Rome, are thought ufeful 
 and entertaining to Men of polite Lite- 
 rature y 
 
 murey efpecially whenfet in a proper 
 and good Lighty though we are no fw- 
 iher affeBedby themy than as they d^- 
 cover to us the Jns and Errors of Go-^ 
 vernmenty and the comnton Events of 
 Civil Life y certainly a Defire of being 
 acquainted with the Hifiory of our mn 
 Nationy.orwith any momentous Part 
 of ity will not only be allowed natural, 
 hut highly laudable and infiruBive. 
 
 Now if we carry our Enquiries mto 
 the Englifli Hiflory as high as we hofoe 
 am authentick Records to direB usy m^ 
 Jhall find m Period, fince we were 
 known to live under a regular Form of 
 Government y more memorable for the 
 Variety of furprizing and important 
 Incidents, or accompanied with more k- 
 sible Marks of a divine Superintendent 
 % than what the Author of the fot- 
 Ling Life has undertaken to relate. 
 And as it has been thought a common 
 
 a 1 ^'^^ 
 
I 
 
 5 
 
 iv The Editor's 
 
 j4B of Jufike in all Parts of the Worlds 
 I may fay the Barbarous ^ as well as 
 the more CivlUz'dy to celebrate the Me^ 
 mory of thofe who have performed any 
 extraordinary and meritorious ABions in 
 their Service j fo brave and generous a 
 People as the Engliih muji necejfarily 
 he pleas' d with an Hifiory intending 
 to do Honour to one of the greatefi Orna- 
 ments and Supports of the Englifli Na- 
 tion ^ and to whofe Merit it is owingy 
 under the good Providence of GOD ^ 
 that we now fubjtfi as a Nation^ govern- 
 "ed by our own Laws^ under a limited 
 Monarchy y which is the mofl excellent 
 Form of Government J and befi adapted 
 to the Genius of the People ^ that his 
 prefent Majefly^ for his Royal Relation 
 to the Family then refiofdy now pojfef^ 
 fes the Crown j and that we enjoy the 
 Benefit of his Adminiflration^ with the 
 Profpeci of a Succeffion of Kings ^ of his 
 
 RacCy 
 
 Preface.' y 
 
 » 
 
 Race, to Jet upon his Throne to latefi 
 Pojierity. A Confideratton, one would 
 think, fufficient to endear the Memory ' 
 tf/ General Monk to fame of hts 
 mofi inveterate Enemies j or at leafi fo 
 deter them from Jhewing their Mahce 
 to him, becaufe it will at the fame time 
 difcffver a DifaffeBion, wh^n they pre-, 
 tend the mofl inflan^d Zeal. 
 
 I do not mean that a bare Defign of 
 honouring the Memory of General 
 Monk, is fufficient to recommend er 
 very Narrative of his Life, to ap^ 
 prffue a Defign of that Nature to the 
 Tafte of the prefent Age, it mufl be well 
 and happily executed: And I dare pre- 
 fume to fay , that every impartial 
 Reader, allowing fir fome Variations 
 in the Phrafeology of our Biographer 
 from the modern DiBion, will allow, 
 that he has acquitted Bmfelf not only as 
 Man of Probity, but as an elegant, 
 
 a 3 -^^^ 
 
n TheEDi-PoR^s 
 
 aftd efpeciall^ as a mofi clear and me^ 
 ihodical Writer^ ^nd one that was a 
 Mafter of hh S^tibjeB. 
 « Tet it cannot he deny'dy whatever 
 Jufiice this Atahor has done to the Me^ 
 mory of General MoKk, or how much 
 foever the Englifli Nation is indebted to 
 that great Many he has rr^r with mofi 
 injurious Treat mem; and^ ask will op-* 
 pear in the Seqnel of this Preface, fome 
 Authors of Credit and DifiinBim in the 
 Worlds have not been altogether fo teH' 
 ^r of hts Reptttation^ as mi^t have 
 been expeBed from the gengr^l Char a-^ 
 Ber of their Probity and Candor, 
 
 In reference to fever al of his gallam 
 Aciions, the Notoriety whereof was too 
 evident to be denfd, the Merit of them 
 has yet been afcrib'd to indirsB and- i^ 
 noble Motives -^ to the DireBion md In- 
 fiuence of a particular Pyovidence, with- 
 out alloTving any thing to htm^ as an 
 
 intelligent 
 
 Pre face: 
 
 vn 
 
 imettmm and free Agent, -"^^""^'^ 
 concurring 'With the Uivme / j; , > 
 as the mofl extraordinary hftance 0} 
 their Envy, even to the DireBm of 
 thofi very f^ordinafe Perfons, ^ho 
 Jre mamfefily the Creatures of his 
 Power and Inter efi, and entirely dire^- 
 ed by him. I cim fenfihle, and fo was 
 theL^z^^^himfelf, f^j^^/^,^^^ 
 mvinQ to the over-ruling Hand of ^U£J, 
 that the wi/e/i of human Counfeh were 
 not equal toaSuccefs fo very wonder^ 
 ful and unexpeBed, and that the IVif 
 dom and Advice of thofe P erfons who 
 ^ere admkted into the Secrecy of his 
 
 'counfeK though ihofe were hit very 
 few, were ofUfe to him y hut I can fee 
 
 no R^afhn for fifpofing hmthe Pro- 
 perty of his AJPftants, or merely pafwe 
 io aninefi/lfble DireBion of Provi^ 
 dence y any more than I can agree m 
 
 Opinion with my LordO^rcndon, That 
 
 a 4 ^^ 
 
i\ 
 
 I 
 
 viii The EDiToi's 
 
 it would be Glory enough to his Me* 
 mory, to have been iiich m unwilling 
 Inftrument. 
 
 Thfy, who have been averfe to am 
 JmpreJJlons to his Advantage^ have been 
 very forward tp credit^ and propagate 
 the mofi gromdlefs Infmitattons. Lud^ 
 •Jow (whom yet I would not he thought 
 to include among my Authors of Prgbity 
 arid Candour) charges General Monk 
 with making it a Condition pf his r'er 
 fioring the King, that bis Majeftyjhould 
 give him the Lieutenancy of Ireland, 
 And yet in another Place he fays. The 
 General prpmis'd to reftpre the l^mg 
 without any Conditions at all j aj/ignr 
 tng this extraordinary Reafon for it, 
 that he was m Hopes by not articling 
 to have the better Terras. Whereas if 
 he had really intended to capitulate with 
 the King, he could hardly have aslCda- 
 ny thing, befidestbefrrnvniit fdf, or 
 
 fomething 
 
 Cham ^ytch- has ie(» brought agamjt 
 
 «,« Places upon thefe Heads couUJUf- 
 
 1 To Jte good ths aarge t ,s 
 
 % h? W a fecret Jntention to bn.^ 
 
 in the King, -We he was m the In- 
 
 tereft of the Common- wealth , h^ 
 
 then again, todepnve km of he Ue 
 Z Jd R^^ard of fuch an Inmmon, 
 
 1L labour as induftrioujlyo prove, 
 
 that he intended no fuch thmg.^ 
 ' Bm though it mayi' thought a Jhffl 
 aent^nMrtotheEnemesofC^^ 
 ,.^^Uo^^, that they-arefi contra 
 
 Mo-y and inoonfsjient in thetrfar^ 
 ■ ai- ««/rM there not ^et be fom^- 
 
 (I 
 
Sc The EdItoVs 
 
 Difficulty in accounting for his ConduB, 
 to Perfons more equally difpofd to form 
 a Judgment of it 7 What Proof have 
 •we that he had a real Intention to re- 
 fiore the King? Or, if he had fuch an 
 Intention , how Jhall we reconcile his 
 Di/fembling, after the manner he is ac- 
 knowledged to have done, to the JiriB 
 RmIcs of Honour, or MoralVirtm7 
 • / ^fhall anfwer to thefe %iefiions^ 
 firjl, in more general Obfervations I and 
 then particularly, in a RecapitulatioH 
 of the mofl xonftderabU emd mpertdnt 
 Pajfages of his ConduBS ,■ - . 
 
 Concerning the Ge}^ek A L's Iniiina^ 
 tions and Intentions towards the Refio- 
 
 ration, the learned World has-been -very 
 much divided in their Opinion-, more 
 I think, than they needed to have been 
 m a Matter where the Evidence is fo 
 clear and firong. Some afcribe the 0- 
 rigin of his Loyal Pttrpofes to the Re- 
 
 fentment 
 
 fentment of a Dtfgrace put ufon him by 
 the Parliament, where it was moved, 
 find debated, whether he fhould anfwer 
 for the Peace concluded between htm . 
 and O Neal, General^ of the Irifti Re- 
 bels. fVhich :Opmion, tho" it blemtfhes 
 his Defigns with a dtjhonourable Mo- 
 tive, n gives them a much earlier Date 
 than others are willing to aUow. Mr. 
 Echard fa^s indefinitely. That his In- 
 l^tioas to fettle the general Quiet of 
 the Land were very early, and that 
 li€ all along fram'd his Defigns fuit- 
 able to the Opportunities that were 
 given him. My Lord Clarendon re- 
 prefents him as -entirely devoted to the 
 Won and fortunes of Cromwel, o- 
 ^Wrwife better incUn'd to ferve the 
 Kin<T, than any Man in Power in the 
 thre? Kingdoms J but not to have taken 
 i^p attV fettled Purpofe or Refolution 
 
 iVeftorin^ him, till about the Time 
 
 ■ "■ or 
 
"\ 
 
 3iii The Editor's 
 
 of the Conference between the Gene- 
 ral and Sir John Greenfvili and that 
 he was then forc'd upon that fudden 
 Refblution by the impetuous Torrent 
 of Loyalty, which had almoft over- 
 flowed the Nation, or was gradually 
 led into it by a Concurrence of un^ 
 fbrefeen Accidents. 
 
 Now that /^d- G E N E R A L did intend 
 to refiore the King, and franfd his 
 Meafures •fuitabk to fuch a Deftgn, 
 tho' it has been, and is Jiill reprefented 
 as a ^eflion of great Uncertainty, yet, 
 the feveral Circumflances of his Con-* 
 duB being diJiinBly conftdered, we may 
 colkB Evidence enough to prove it high- 
 ly probable i as probable as we could 
 fuppqfe it to be, if he did really proceed 
 upon fuch an Intention. 
 
 His Concurrence and Engagements 
 with Oliver , and the Common-wealth 
 Party, all his Arts of Concealment and 
 
 Caution, 
 
 Caution, whkh have been ohjeBed a- 
 gainfi his having any Intentton towards 
 theRefioration, were abjolutelynecef- 
 fary to the effemngit. He could n^er 
 have been in any Capacity off^rvinghfs 
 Maiefty. 'without contmutng hts fower 
 andln^refl M hisEnemks, nor have 
 mmntmvid himfelf in Power without 
 thofe Compliances. And is tt not very 
 unreafonable, when he ufd all the pro- 
 per and neceffary Meafures whch could 
 pofTibly have reftor'd the King, to turn 
 all thofe Meafures into Arguments to 
 prm that he really did not intend ttf 
 Is it not a more jufl Way of reafomng, 
 to conclude from hts uniform and regu- 
 lar ConduB, in the fame manner as we 
 muAfuppofe him to have conduBed htm- 
 felf, upon the Suppofition of his intend- 
 ini the Refloration, that he really did 
 intend, what he profecuted feemmgly 
 by fuch probable Means, and at lafl re- 
 ally effeBed? ^^ 
 
1' 
 
 .1-. 
 
 I 
 
 xiv The EDiToa^s 
 
 My Lord Clarendon has obfenfJ^ 
 and frequently repeated the Obferva- 
 tton^ as if he laid a great Strefs upon 
 hy That they could never draw from 
 him any plain and open Declaration^ 
 that he never gave any publick Proof 
 of his having this End in View. But 
 to make the General yj/^^d' Amends 
 for this groundlefs OhjeBion^ he has 
 htm f elf mofi effeBually anfwefd ity by 
 confejjing^ that it was happy for the 
 King he never did difcover his Inten- 
 tions, becaufe fiich a Difcovery muft 
 neceflarily have deftroyed the Defign, 
 His Silence y where Silence was necef-*. 
 fciry^ can never he drawn into an Argu-- 
 ment. And it is the fame thing as to 
 the other ObjeBions commonly ur^dy 
 his frequent Declarations both publick 
 and private J and above all^ his adviA 
 ing the Parliament to ufe all proper 
 Means to prevent the King's Reftora- 
 
 tion. 
 
 Preface*: *^Y 
 
 tion, /% -were ne^effa^ Artifices to 
 conceal his Defign, and therefore can 
 never carrN any Proof of his not havmg 
 had fuch an Intention. The parttcular 
 Circumflances of his ConduB I have re- 
 ferved for a diflinB Conftderation j at 
 prefent I am arguing fromtheConceJfions 
 of his Enemies, who grant, that if the 
 General intended to reftore the 
 King, he took the moft probable, if 
 not the only, poflible Methods of do- 
 ing it. And I defire the Reader, as he 
 perufes the Hiftory, carefully to weigh 
 the feveralSteps of his Proceedings, and 
 
 endeavour to contrive any other more 
 probable, or indeed poffible Means. I 
 have impartially try'd the Experiment 
 my felf and the Refult has been tn 
 Favour of the Ceh^kp^u 
 
 But it may perhaps be more difficult 
 to reconcile fome Parts of his ConduB 
 to the firiB Rules of Simphcity and 
 
 godly 
 
^ 
 
 r 
 
 r 
 
 xvi The Ecilrok^ . 
 
 godly Sincerity : In particular his Dif^ 
 Jimulation with the Party whofe Inte^ 
 reji he feemed to efpoufe^ under whom 
 he certainly ferved. 
 
 As much as I honour the Memory of 
 General Monk, and as grdat an 
 Inclination as I really have to favour 
 his CharaBer ^ in pure Gratitude for 
 his moji extraordinary Services to my 
 Country y I mujl have that Regard to 
 my own CharaBer^ whofe proper Of-^ 
 fice it is to ajfert Truth as laid down 
 in the mofi authentick Rule of ity the 
 Gofpely as not to differve the Caufe 
 of Virtue^ hy favouring a loofe Mo^ 
 rality. I willingly therefore allow 
 that DiJ/imtdationy efpecially DiJ/lmw- 
 laiion in fo many repeated Inflames of 
 //, is immoral^ and unworthy the Dig- 
 nity of a Man. But then where a 
 Perfon was an Injlrument of fo much 
 Good^ where there appeared to be a 
 
 particular 
 
 Preface J xyh 
 
 parttcular Defigmmn of Prmdence 
 to make him that happy hfirumem, 
 and there was no vifible FrofpeB ^f 
 efeB'mg our Deltverance hy any other 
 Hand, let us not prechtde htm from the 
 common Allowances, which have hem 
 ufually made to Heroes, hy whofe Meam 
 any great Revolutions have been wrought 
 for the Benefit of UanKtnd, tho^ every 
 Step taken in order to accomphfh thern^ 
 could not he perfeStly jufify'd. - 
 
 Nay, I may challenge the mofl v*^ 
 mient Jdverfaries of the General, 
 to inftance in my Revolution, how gh- 
 rious foever in their own Judgment of 
 it, where th Me Arts of Diffimuh- 
 tion have not been ufed, though perhaps 
 neither upon Afotives move mcontefia' 
 Uy good, mr for Ends, more necejfary 
 and beneficial to the State. 
 ^ Why then fhould G fi n e r a l M o Ntt 
 be fingled out as the only Perfon to 
 
 I) whom 
 
• • • 
 
 
 xviii The Edit o t 's 
 
 whom no ^mrter4i ip^ be gpuen, he- 
 caufe he conduBed htmfelf hy the fame 
 political Maxims ivMch- fome of the 
 moji celebrated Heroes of .Sitiqmtyy 
 whether recorded in prophane or facred 
 Hifioryy would have, made no fcruple 
 of if we may judge from the Hifiory 
 of their ABions under the like drum- 
 fiances. 
 
 I am not at all furpriz^d to find 
 Ludlow, and other hot Republicans, 
 precipitated from a Height of Power 
 and Greatnefsy and exposed to the jufi 
 Indignation of an injured Prince y of a 
 long abus'd and oppreffd People^ in- 
 cltvid at any Rate to traduce the great 
 Infirument of their Ruin and Infamy. 
 
 Neither are we to wonder'y if we 
 fill find Men of rigtd^t^\h\\izx\. Prin- 
 ciples y equally violent in their Expref- 
 fions of Rage and Malice 4igam]i the 
 Hand which pull'd down their beloved 
 
 Idol 
 
 Idol ofJnarchy and Confufm. 0/thefe 
 Malignants Icafi onlydefrey that they 
 wouUbe confifiem with copimon Senfey 
 and. not affeB U mommend themfeves 
 to the favour, of a.^ngor his Mmi- 
 ftc.s, by the Defence offuch Principles 
 andPraSiiceSy as are utterly defiruBive 
 of Monarchy in general. 
 . But from all true Englifhmen, from 
 the Friends of our happy Gonftitution m 
 Church and State, the Refiorer of our 
 Religious and Civil Liberties may de- 
 mand a Readmefsy anMcrityytn ceU" 
 brating his undoubted Vntuesy a favour- 
 able ConfiruBion of what is doubtful 
 theForgPvenefs of what is criminal mhis 
 
 ConduBi. . ,, ri- j^ 
 
 How far he is capable of being de- 
 fended from the Charge of Hypocrify 
 and Diffmulation, will appear more dt- 
 fiinBly upon a Review of hs Hifiory y 
 ^ ' ^ i, 2 . hffwever, 
 
xx: ThaEDiTafe^s 
 
 however J fame ^neml Remarks may 
 here he made to hk Akamage. 
 - Though he was fim^mes more free 
 than Chr'tfiian SmpUcitf- will jufiify^ 
 though not more than \the^ Necejjitj of 
 h'ts Affains r^quffd^m his ProfeM&ns 
 of AffeB'ton. to- their" Caufe^ yet fever al 
 of his Declarations and ffromifis are 
 exprefo'd in amkigums T^im^ and ca- 
 pable of amthdr Senfe than ivhat they 
 uriderflood him in: Particularly ^when 
 m profefs'd, that he did not intend to 
 "fet up a firigle Perfod, burt(} 'fettle the 
 'Nation upon Common-weahE Prindi 
 pksj // was fo far true^ the^ he did 
 not intend immediately afid diriedly td 
 reftore the King, hut to refiore a fre^ 
 and fiill Parliameii&t, and to have the 
 Beftoration of ^e^ King the immedta^^^ 
 ^ of the N>ati6n, of the whoJe Na* 
 tion hy their Reprefentafives.,' 
 
 >\ ■ Where 
 
 a'PR-E FlG.^ 
 
 XXI 
 
 fVhere hisExpreffms^^^^ too firong 
 and fdl^oUfofienedhfuthar't^^^ 
 ConftruBton, fme AUowanee^ ought to 
 hi^'timde onrd^oma. of'his^mhappy Cir* 
 cumflmces,:bfwhk-hheims cafi among 
 a Set of People J whhm he; neither lov'dy 
 nor codd tmfi, as Dr. Skitmcr obferves ; 
 and tuhom he looked Hpon as common 
 J/ilkfiisand Robbers, who had no man- 
 ner of- Right to ^e firi0 md rigtd Ob- 
 fervanee (^f Truth from him, _ I am not 
 nbw confidertng whether -he was a good 
 Cafiifft, ■ I only obferve, \m Vtndicamn 
 of his Sincerity y that he feem'd to a0 
 upon Principle j upon anOpinion, which 
 I allow' fo ^ erroneous, that he might 
 mk greater liberties in impoftng upon 
 them, ^ Riafon ^/ their having forfeit- 
 ed theff Rigytto. an opUn and ingenuous 
 
 T^atmnt....'- ' -' ,- 
 
 Thaf he was mtmturally of a collu- 
 five itnd treacherous Tamper, appears 
 
 b 3 fr''"^ 
 
• • • 
 
 i 
 
 xxii 
 
 The Ebi'Toi's 
 
 from the refi of hislBehav'iour^ and from 
 mdeniSk TeJlmomesTJM'y Lord Gla- 
 rendoii "^'mfipi f *^ftat' tiiTOiigliout 
 
 his whole Life'K^r^ ^a?t m^et^ 
 
 ed of DiMUiaM?^'%K f -Skitiner 
 takes pdrthuWWdiiie^ Upoh Hhe Oc- 
 cafton of his going fo'^the King «/ Ox- 
 ford, to clear himfelf frdm a Sufpicion 
 of Dijlojahy, that the Lord Hawley, 
 then Governor of Briftol, took his Pa- 
 role of Honour, knowing him to be 
 a Perlbn of Integrity, and that would 
 not falfify his Word. Plainnefs in 
 his Dealing, and a certain Franknefs 
 in his Behaviour J were fo much his pro-' 
 per CharaBery that he obtained among 
 the Soldiers the vulgar ^ hut honourable 
 Title of Honeft George! And it can- 
 not efcape the Notice of the mofl negli- 
 gent Obferver^ how different his Car-^ 
 
 ♦ Vol. III. Sf. p. 700. t p- Z3. Sea. 8. 
 
 riage 
 
 Pr e face: xxiii 
 
 riage was to thofe whom he thought to 
 carry honefi Purpofesy and to thofi Re- 
 belsy who had ufurp'd and tyrannically 
 abuidthe Roy4 4&hor*tr> how great 
 and uneafy a. Rejlraint his Behavtour 
 towards the latter was upon his natural 
 Temper. And, which- 1 think is an un- 
 deniable Confirmation of his aBmg up- 
 on a fettled Principle, tho' a mifiaken 
 one, in his fallacious ConduB towards 
 the Common-wealth j thou^ he did not 
 fcruple to make Declarations and Pro- 
 mifes repugnant to his real Sentiments 
 and Intentions, he abfolutely refused e-. 
 ver to abjure the King, or Monarchy,. 
 when the Abjuration-Oath was tendefd 
 to him as atefi of Us AffeBiott; and 
 when the Refufalofj^much endangered 
 not only his Inter eft , his Cornn^ffion, 
 and thereby his whole Scheme, but his 
 Life too ', an undeniable Argument, both 
 of his confcientious Regard to the Sa- 
 
 h 4 crednefs 
 
• » « 
 
 1 
 
 ri 
 
 xxtv ThfiJEDiTaf's 
 
 crednefs of. aa Ottih, md »/ hh loyal /»^ 
 tent ions, h dues. not\wdted appear that 
 hie ever i&fi auyiOati at all, ktt ,^. 
 Ckwenan^ whtshid&lai^dmpreffl<^.jkrs 
 the King; ^^df Monarchy. Dr.GmrJtAfi, 
 iptefi'tons whether heJoaievenTbat-y^lmt, 
 a» ^Authsz 4 *.g99d jCr'e^t. affirm. itv 
 Afiurrikus Writer^ without u Name^, 
 i pretends 40 give us the Copies of /eve*, 
 ml Letters y ^wherein the General calk 
 GOD to witnefs in the fame fokmtk 
 Manner as m an Oath. But Anony- 
 mous Atdhors have htit little Credit in 
 Matters of FaB, the Truth of which de^ 
 pends upon their own Veracity. He 
 does not tell us how be came hy thofe 
 'Letters, where they may hefeen, or horn 
 the World is to he fatisfy' d of the Faiih- 
 ftUiefsofhis Tranfcriptsi only that they 
 were before him, whether upon the 
 
 ? Whitkck. 
 
 tThjcArtofReftoring. 
 
 Table 
 
 ■) 
 
 Tdhky 0r in his Imagmatimyp^ we 
 
 left to the Lihertf ^ ^ Onj^^"^^' M 
 ^e judge from- the CharaBer of the 
 %jkpp&s^<l\Sftlmy?»h(tmade no fcmph 
 
 4 i<^'f^^ ^^^' 'f»^^Wri{mgs^i-f>T^ 
 from hitcL^efign^ which w^^ to^- ^Hfy. 
 a-:.gi>e(^r:M0n'%ih^<^on^m^tfm:4 <^. 
 
 perjtt^d^ VtUain, we- i^ay imagm^:,ke 
 wofMfsrm a£haraikrM his Purpoje^ 
 It is Cfrpain' that.thi^Q^a^^ALr.did 
 TSfrite feverd Letters,: hoth from CqW- 
 ftream to -the. Juniaa, and'afierwards. 
 from London to the Army md-Qarri" 
 fins, and that in th^e Letters he did 
 d'tjfembk- his real Intentions ; hut th0 
 he didtpik a manner asfolemn andja- 
 cnd as an Oath, and yht, in a Tm^ of 
 the ^eat^^Banger, thai he fhotdd re- 
 fufe anOmh^isahe moft abfurdSuppo- 
 fimn, y:-' '- y\ ■ ■ ^' "•' 
 
 I ii I 1 " 
 
 * Tojand, 
 
 / have 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 xxvi/ The Editor's 
 
 / a&«i» i^en f^rficular upon this 
 Char^e^^.of DiJJimuladon^ hecaufe tt has 
 been efggmvtited with- a^^ particular In^ 
 dufirjy afi4 r^^eivj^mt^- an uncommon 
 Credul^'ji • Ne4the^.\cmi I yet leave tP 
 wkhtmt^ihfervingffo the eternal Infamy 
 of his Jkcf/fers^ ihfOtihffe religious Pr<?- 
 ?(W^fr5-/(? Sirttplicity and godly Since- 
 rity-y who reprefent GeneralMonk 
 m a Psrfbn wholly ahandorid, for dei 
 parting fometimes from the firiB Rules 
 of themi/fjhough driven to that Necef- 
 fajj hJ^ei*" Rebellion again fi their 
 King<j!WCountry, didmtfcruph them- 
 fehes u falftfy the mojl folemn Oathi 
 and Engagements to both. Ludlow in 
 partic4dqr ...had taken the Covenant y 
 vihkh qbli^d' him to declare for the, 
 Ki^g Wj^onarchy, and at the fame 
 time wia\^a., notorious Republican ^ and 
 hoafled of it as the gre ate fi Glory of h'ls 
 Life^ that he w^is one of the King's Jud- 
 ^^: I have 
 
 Pr E F'A5b Bf^^ xxtii 
 
 / have argued Mtktrtm^nthe^^i^p' 
 
 pofition, that G^^'^^f'^'^^''^' 
 as deep in the Repi^tK^n'Memety as 
 he has been malicis^-reprtfi'ntedhf 
 fome, and: impMfif^'h^^edrhf-O' 
 ther^^^o have been\^ ^^Bm-MManerof 
 Fad appeared vthWii^fi to tkffi tda 
 had the beji Oppormmiehf knoiifing the 
 Truth of it. Dr. Skinner * faysvei>f 
 juftlyy that he was unluckily caft a- 
 mong thofe People, rather by his ill 
 Fate, than any Choice of his own, but 
 was ftill efpecially careful to keep him- 
 felf from their greater Guilts. Which 
 is agreeable to what the Gejh^^ At prd-^ 
 Pffd to Sir John Greenvil, TUtUs 
 Heart and AfFeaionS' were always true ; 
 and tho' he had bfien^pAflrre to tistat 
 of their Direaion^^^t lie' neither 
 had nor would aa fey them inPrcju- 
 
 HV"' 
 
 dice 
 
JJxviii The E^>3 t o r 's 
 
 judice to the fm IlWefeft of the Kmg. 
 -Or.-Gumble \mdDr.^ncey who at- 
 tended htm durtng the mofi exceptionable 
 Pmts of hh ConduB^ affert. That he 
 never afled'direaJy ^ainft any P«r- 
 l0ns ^U had the King's Commiffion.. 
 The Ktrig hinifelf fo far acquitted him 
 ^Uo declare^ That General Monk 
 bad no Milice againft him, nor had 
 done 305^ thing but what he coiild 
 ^afJjr ^giwe: : The manner of which 
 Etcpr^jfim at leafi imports, that he was 
 ''not dee^i^ the ProjeBs of the Common-- 
 wealth, prfhat he was free from their 
 greater Guilts. And in a Letter from 
 Breda ^'JV^* GENERAL,//^^^May 20. 
 before the Reftoratton, he has this re- 
 imrkabk Pafagerl muft ever acknov- 
 mgt yoori extraordinary AiFediott to 
 nie, aiidiyoor: difcreet Conduft of ihi^ . 
 great Work, in which you have had 
 to do with .Per/ons of fuch different 
 ' " Humours/ 
 
 : F ft E iF^ 
 
 Humours , and :Q9(0*r J»ry Affefitionsi 
 which you havqawonderMy comj 
 
 pos'd *. -;• w •^A'^ > • " '^^' '^' '• ^■''^ 
 
 In which CoHe^i^m^ a Lett^ frotH 
 my Lord Clarendon, to. i)/f. Barwickj 
 wherein that Lord ^pi^vfesa Jijferent 
 Opinion of G e n-e r,a t M o jj-k'^ €W- 
 duB from what be had mtertdm'd be- 
 fore : The Profpea; of your Affaira:; 
 looks very well towards us j and I ami 
 perfuaded that M on k will appear to 
 have aded like a fober I#n f. The- 
 Original of this Letter, under m<y Lords 
 own Hand, Mr. Bedford, who publifh*. 
 ed that Life in Latin, and is now pre-* 
 paring a Tranflation of it, by Subfcrip^ 
 iion, has in his Cufiody. My Lord, in 
 fome prec ceding Letters, hfid compldim 
 ed of the Genera l'i ConduB. f$r being 
 fo mfierious and mmtelUgtbky and m 
 
 * Life of Dr. Barvsich p. 438-.- • t P- '^t-l- 
 
 ' ' - hjs 
 
 Z 
 \ 
 
XXX The Editor's 
 
 bis Hijiift^ hefpeah^ of it with, the fame 
 Uncertaijkj^ mid\I^uht 'y rather gtving 
 an Account ef tbeK'darious Reports and 
 'hnagtnatitms nff i>tfo€?s about the G e n e- 
 Vikh^s'Jmeniions) than any fettled 0^^ 
 pinion of his own. But towards the 
 Dawn ofithe Refibration^ his Purpofet 
 began to be more clear and manifefi from 
 his Proceedings^ while the Wifdom and 
 Regularity of his Proceedings appeared 
 equally clear from his Purpofes. So 
 that I hope^ for the future y after fo 
 fair a Confeffion^ upon better Infarma^ 
 tion, and a clearer Infight into Gene- 
 ral M o N k'^ Dejtgnsy my Lord Cla* 
 rendon^^ Authority will be no longer, in^ 
 ftfied upon. His Lordfhip has been, fo 
 juji to the G e;n er a l, as to acknowledge 
 his own ConviBion-y and whoever has 
 ieenmifled by his Doubts or Mifenfor'- 
 mation^ ought to follow his generous and 
 tngeHMus Example^ 
 r Q iii. i iC' ; 3 J com& 
 
 ') 
 
 / come mv^ to maie fomeparpkul^ 
 Remarks upon the^f^itfcifial Stages, dm 
 mofi important jMsns .e/ Gep^^RAL 
 M o N K j which JvMiei^ mUplh^e 
 a better. Light iiko his -Ghar^i^er: and 
 
 Dejigns. -^ '^^^' 
 
 // ought irt^he firfl.Place to be re- 
 
 member' d, tho' itbe fufficienthjhnmny 
 /yS'^^ General Monk was <?/ Royal 
 ExtraBion, defcendedfrom the Blood of 
 she Plantagenets, and educated in a Fa- 
 .mily for many Generations eminent for 
 their Loyalty to the Crown, and their 
 AffeBion to the Church of Y^n^znA; un- 
 der the Influence of whofe InftruBions 
 and Example, he mufi needs have im- 
 biyd early, and therefore lifting, Im- 
 prejjkns of Duty and Allegiance to his 
 Kmg and Country, 
 
 - Wah thefe inbred Sentiments and In" 
 
 divinations he went, at the Age of twenty 
 
 one, into the Service of -the States of 
 
 Holland^ 
 
xxxii The Editor's 
 
 Holland^ where he continued ienTears. 
 Which Circumjiance of his Life my 
 Lord Clarendon turns to his Difad^ 
 vantage^ infinuating that he then con- 
 traded a fettied Affedion for their 
 Form of Government, which might 
 incline him afterwards the more rea- 
 dily to come into the Plan of the 
 Common- wealth in England: Not^ 
 withfianding he left their Service for ill 
 Ufa^^ and how unlikely it is\ that nn^ 
 jufl Adminifiration^ efpeciallj fuch In-- 
 fiances of it as refleB any Difhonour or 
 'InjrSry upon our felves^ fhould give a 
 Biafs in Favour of a Government. 
 
 And if to the Affronts he received 
 from the ConnnDn-wealth /;i Holland, 
 we add the Experience he had for fer 
 veral Tears ^ of the fatarEffeBsof that 
 Government in England, more expen-^ 
 Jtve in its Taxes ^ and in its Admmt- 
 firationy more oppreffive and injurious to 
 • ' • the 
 
 k 
 
 • • • 
 
 \ 
 
 ) 
 
 f 
 
 Preface, xxxiii 
 
 ihe Rights and Liberties of the People ^ 
 than ever Monaixhy had heen^ under 
 the moB arbitrary of its Kings , we can 
 hardly imagine that GeneralMonk 
 jhouldfo far have defaced the early Im- 
 prejjions of his Youth, fo wholly forgot 
 his Obligations to this Crown, and the 
 miferable Confufions wherein the Repub- 
 lick had involv'd the Nation, as to de- 
 fire the Continuance of it. So that I 
 wonder my Lord Clarendon Jhould 
 draw any Confequences from the Gene- 
 RAL'5 Refidence in Holland, for a Proof 
 of his Affection to Republican Prin- 
 ciples, in Oppofition to fo many flronger 
 Circumftances inclining him to prefer 
 
 Monarchy. 
 
 Upon his Return from Holland, ^e 
 was employed in the Expedition againH 
 the Scots, having been recommended to 
 that Employment by the Earl of Lei- 
 cefter, as a Perfon of known AffeBion 
 
 c ' . ^0 
 
 
 
xxxiv The E d 1 t o r's 
 
 tQ the Inter ep^ of his Majejly j and he 
 acquitted himfelf therein with mt^ch Ho- 
 mm and Fidelity. 
 
 A Peace being concluded with thofe 
 infamous Rebels^ very difhonourable to 
 the Englifti Nation^ and fuch as gave 
 Encouragement to a new Rebellion m 
 Ireland j the Earl of Leicefter, who 
 was nominated^ by the King and Par- 
 liamenty to the Lieutenancy of that 
 Kingdom y made him Colonel of his own 
 Reqiment '^ in which Employment he 
 flill preferred the CharaBer of a loyal 
 and dutiful SubjeB^ and for his eminent 
 Services againfi thofe Rebels ^ was thought 
 worthy of the Government of Dublin. 
 
 Upon a Cejfation of Arms with the 
 Irilli, his Majefly recalled the Englifli 
 Forces to his Ajffifiance againB a more 
 dangerous Rebellion at home^ Several 
 Officers belonging to thefe Regiments 
 were fufpecled of an Inclination to ferve 
 
 the 
 
 '/ 
 
 Preface, xxxv 
 
 the Parliament againH the King : A- 
 mongthe reji was Gei^ekal Monk, 
 who, upon his Arrival at Briftol, by 
 Order from the Secretary of State, was 
 fecuredy and fent to the King at Ox- 
 ford. 
 
 This is the firfl Ground of Difirufi 
 
 concerning GeneralMonk'^ Loyal- 
 ty, which my Lord"" Clarendon, who 
 never was thought partial to his Char a- 
 Ber, afcribes " rather to the want^ of 
 " Bitternefs in his Difcourfes againfi 
 ^^ the Parliament, than to any Inch- 
 ^^ nation towards them. " Dr. Skinner 
 t imputes it '' to his being one of the 
 Earl of Leicefter'5 own Officers, in 
 particular TrutJ and Confidence mth 
 him'' If I may be allow" d the Lir 
 berty of a Conjecture in this Matter, 
 the true Reafon of his Difgrace might be 
 
 cc 
 
 u 
 
 <c 
 
 * Vol. III. p. 699. t P3g. "» Seft. 7- 
 
 C 2 f^^^^* 
 
* . - 
 
 xxxvi TheEoiToR^s 
 
 this : The Succejfes of the ParUamenfs 
 Forces in England had obli^d the King 
 to recalthofe Forces from Ireland, which 
 was a Step , irregular in StriBnefs of 
 LaWy thd" apprehended necejfary to his 
 own Safety j he having before agreed to 
 anAB of Parliament y whereby the Com- 
 mons were empowered to profecute that 
 Wary and himfelf obli^d not to make 
 Peace without the Confent of Parlia- 
 ment. The Earl therefore being nomi- 
 nated to the Lieutenancy by the imme- 
 diate Authority of the Parliament^ it 
 was natural enough for the Court to fear 
 the Earl and his Officers might fiill 
 look upon themfelves as the Servants of 
 the Parliament y by Virtue of the fore- 
 mentioned AB. 
 
 But whatever were the Grounds of 
 the Kin^s DiflruH ; upon Mr. Monk'^ 
 Appearance before the King at Oxford, 
 his Majejiy was fo entirely fatisfiedy 
 
 that 
 
 
 Preface, xxxvii 
 
 that he made h'lm Major-General to the 
 Irifh Brigade then commanded down to 
 Chefhire. A Circumftance wherein my 
 Lord Clarendon * is m'tjlaken ; for he 
 reprefents him as going thither only in 
 Quality of a Volunteer, his own Re- 
 giment having been difpos'd of. 
 
 In this Expedition he was taken Prt~ 
 foner , and committed to the Tower, 
 where he continued till the Conch fton of 
 the War between the King and Parlia- 
 ment^ notwithfianding the great Hard- 
 fhips he fuffefd in his Imprifonment, 
 and the many inviting Offers from the 
 Parliament, if he would engage in their 
 Caufe. My Lord Clarendon'^ Tejli- 
 mony in this Cafe is very honourable to 
 him •.'•'■Be was no fooner in the Tower, 
 *.* than the Lord Lifle, who had great 
 *^ Kindnefs for him , and good Jnt^reff 
 
 * Vol. III. p. 700, 
 c 3 
 
 m 
 
xxxviii The Editor's 
 
 m the Parliament^ with much Im- 
 portunity endeavoured to perfuade 
 him to take a CommiJJion in that Ser- 
 vice^ and offered him a Command 
 fuperior to what he had ever had be- 
 fore-, which he pofaively and dnf- 
 dainfully refused to accept, tho' the 
 Str eights he fuffefd in Prifon were 
 very great, and he thought himfelf 
 negle&edy that there was no Care 
 taken for his Exchange, nor Money 
 fent for his Support. '" Does this 
 ConduB agree with the fame noble Hi- 
 Jiorian's Opinion in another Place, of 
 which I have already taken notice, that 
 he contracted an Inclination to a 
 Common-wealth during his Refidence 
 in Holland:^ or rather is it not an un- 
 deniable Inflame of an unjhaken and 
 immoveable Attachment to the Royal 
 Caufe ? 
 
 When 
 
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 Preface, xxxix 
 
 PThen the War was at an End^ and 
 the King h'mfelf a Pnfoner, the whole 
 Power of the Nation in the Hands of 
 the Parliament, and no Pojfibihtj of 
 doing his Majejly an'^ Service in Eng- 
 land the Lord Lifle prevailed upon 
 him to ferve in Ireland j a War in 
 which he had been engaged before, and 
 which was agreeable to his Principles, 
 the Iriih being declared Enemies /oEng- 
 land, and to the King, as well as to 
 the Parliament : So that b'y this Expe- 
 dition he did not properly ferve the Par- 
 liament in Oppofttion to the King, but 
 more properly the Nation in Oppofition 
 to the common Enemies of it ; and by 
 ComrniJJlon from the Parliament, who 
 were empowered by a publick AB of the 
 Legtjlature, to grant Commijfions for 
 
 that Purpofe. 
 
 So far -zy^^ /y&^ G E N ER A l from be- 
 ing confcious of any Differvice to the 
 
 C4 King 
 
xl The E D I T o r's 
 
 Ktng from h'ts Acceptance of that Com- 
 m'tjjlon, that beftdes h'ts Declaration ie 
 theBtJhop ofByy then m //^^ Tower, 
 he told the Parliament it felf That he 
 was going to fight againft the hifh 
 Rebels, but not againft the King, 
 whom he was refolv'd never to op- 
 pofe .- Whence it appears, that a pofi- 
 tive Referve of his Allegiance was an ex- 
 prefs Condition of his accepting the Com- 
 mijjlon, and that the Parliament com- 
 ply' d with it. this remarkable Pajfage ' 
 we meet with in the Life of Dr. Bar- 
 wick, with relation to the Grounds of 
 that good Man's Confidence in the G e- 
 neral'5 Loyalty, from tvhat he had 
 often heard the Bi/hop of Ely relate, as 
 the Foundation of the fame Confidence 
 his LordfJoip had in him too : 
 
 " That that great Man, having been 
 « formerly taken Prifoner when fight- 
 f* ing with fignal Bravery for the 
 
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 ' PALEFACE. Xli 
 
 King, and that in no mean Poft, and 
 after a long and fevere Confinement 
 in the Tower witkjois Lordjhip, no 
 Hopes left of recovering his Liberty, 
 (the Kin^s Caufe growing daily more 
 defperate) whenCrom\ft\, who knew 
 his Courage and Experience in Mili- 
 tary Affairs, had long courted him to 
 come over to his Side, and at lajl of- 
 fered him a Command in the Irim 
 Service j to obtain his Liberty was 
 perfuaded to accept the Offer, but 
 with this Proteflation, that he would 
 bear Arms againfl the Irifh Rebels, 
 but by no means againfl his King-, 
 and when all Matters were agreed, 
 and he was going to take leave of hn 
 Friends, he came to this Bi/hop, and 
 throwing himfelf at his Feet, beg^d 
 the venerable Prelate's BenediBion ; 
 binding himfelf at the fame time with 
 
 this folemn Engagemfnt, that he 
 
 " never 
 
xlii The E d i T o r's 
 
 *^ never would he an Enemy to the 
 
 ^' King. 
 
 " * Nempe cum in Bello olim cap- 
 
 " tus fuiffet vir in paucis infignis Regi 
 fortiffime dimicans^ & fqualore vin- 
 culorum in Arce L^ndinenfi, juxta 
 cum venerando Epifcopi> Jiu mace- 
 ratus fuifTet, nee ulla fpes Libertatis 
 recuperandae, (rebus Regiis indies 
 labentibus) ipfi afFulgeretj diu d 
 
 ^^ Cromwello, qui hominis fortitudi- 
 nem, & rei Militaris peritiam prob^ 
 noverat, in fiias partes fblicitatus 
 eftj tandemque ut Libertate fua u- 
 n^ cum praefed:ura in Bello Hiber- 
 nico frueretur perfuafiis, contra Re- 
 
 " belles Hiburnicos, minime vero 
 contra Regem fiiura, ie armaturum 
 proteftans. Cumque, jam acceptis 
 conditionibus, fuis valedidurus eflet. 
 
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 * 
 
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 Preface. xliii 
 
 « ad hunc * Epifcopum acceffit , ad 
 cuius pedes provolutus, venerandi 
 patris benedidionem petiit, haec 
 « fande in fe recipiens, Regi fuo fe 
 ** hoftem nunquam futurum. 
 
 J remarkable Tejl'mony of his gene- 
 rous and open Dealing with the Parlia- 
 ment, and of his mcorrupted Fidelity to 
 
 the King. 
 
 Accordingly the Writer of that Life 
 afferts it " as a Fa5l mcjfl undouhted, 
 that /y^^ G E N E R A L never fought ei- 
 ther in Ireland, or Scotland for his 
 Deliverers in England, hut employed 
 all his Force againfl thofe who had 
 formerly created the King all this 
 Trouble and Difturbance. fHoc au- 
 « tem certiffimum eft, Virum illuftrif- 
 *' fimum Liberatoribus fuis in Anglia 
 « nunquam militafle, vel in Hibernia, 
 
 « 
 
 II 
 
 CC 
 
 CC 
 
 « 
 
 (( 
 
 * Dr. fFren. 
 
 -j- Ibidem, 
 
 CC ^r^l 
 
■SSM 
 
 1. •* 
 
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 xliv The Editor^s 
 
 " vel in Scotia; contra Gentes eas 
 *^ qu3^ has Turbas Regi olim concita- 
 
 verant omnem operam impendent 
 
 tem. 
 
 And this I conceive zvas the true Rea- 
 fon of the Genera l'^ being fo averfe 
 to any Employment in the Civil Wars 
 at home^ where he mufl unavoidably ^ 
 and direBly have opposed his Majefiy's 
 Jnterejty coyitrary to his own Jiedfajl Re- 
 fohitiony and open Declaration. Nei- 
 ther can it remain any longer a ^e- 
 fiion^ whether his being employed after- 
 wards againji the Scots, " was at his 
 *^ own particular *Defire and Requeji^ 
 *^ or whether his good Fortune fo far 
 ^^ befriended him^ as to refcue him 
 ^^ from an Employment he fo much dif- 
 *^ likd^ that of fighting in England;'' 
 * tho^ Dr. Skinner could not abfolutely 
 determine this ^leftion. 
 
 * Pog. 341. Seft. If. 
 
 As 
 
 P R E F A C fi* 
 
 xlv 
 
 As a further Evidence that General 
 Monk chofe^ for his Provinces ^ the re- 
 moter Places of Ireland and Scotland, 
 as judging them to be equally the Ene- 
 mies y both of the King and Parliament ^ 
 we find King C h a r l E s 11. correfpond- 
 ing with the General, and direBin^ 
 him to thofe very Meafures he purfued^ 
 in relation to his ferving in Scotland, 
 where the King thought him mofl ca^ 
 pable of doing him effeBual Service. 
 
 ^' "^ After I had wrote thisy his Grace 
 ^^ Chriftopher, Duke ^/Albemarle, did 
 " me the Honour to Jhew me a Letter 
 written by the King all m his own 
 Handy to his Grace's Father com- 
 manding in Scotland, at leafi four 
 Tears before the Refioration ; in which 
 his Majefiy earnefily advised him 
 to take particular Care not to fuffer 
 himfelfy by any Artifice of Crom^ 
 
 cc 
 
 cc 
 
 ti 
 
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 CC 
 
 f Life of Dr. Barwick^ p. i8(S. 
 
 cc 
 
 wel'j 
 
ex 
 
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 xlvi The Editor*s 
 
 " wcl'5, to he drawn out of Scotland, 
 leaving htm m other things to the Dt- 
 reBion of his own Judgment, not in 
 
 " the leaji doubtful of his Fidelity and 
 Obedience, when Opportunity fhould 
 offer. This Letter he preferv'd among 
 
 «* his mofl valuable Treafures j yet feems 
 
 " to have wrote no Anfwe.r to it, think- 
 ingit much better, and in that dange- 
 rous ConjunBure byallmeansfafer, to 
 anfwer by fome HeroickUndertaking, 
 than by bare empty l^'ords ; yet from 
 this profound and perpetual Silence^ 
 
 « thofe Doubts I have mentioned above y 
 without all per adventure, had their 
 
 Ktfe, 
 
 " Poftquam haec fcripferam, illu- 
 
 ftriffimus Princeps Chriftophorus 
 « Dux Albemarliae oftendere mihi Li- 
 " teras dignatus eft, ad patrem fuum 
 « in Scotia imperantem, quadriennio 
 " faltem ante Regnum reftitutum ^ 
 
 " Sereniffimo 
 
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 Preface, xlvii 
 
 Sereniffimo Rege datas, & Regia 
 manu exaratas j in quibus ferio mo- 
 nuit, ut Vir illuftriffimus id unicd 
 cuf aret, ne fe Cromwelli Artibus d 
 Scotia divelli pateretur j caetera de 
 ejus fide atque obfequio, qua data 
 opportunitate , praeftando minimd 
 " dubius. Has ille Literas inter le- 
 aiffima KftjitJjAg/a repoluit ; fcribenti 
 tamen nihil refcripfiffe vifos eftj 
 " omnino fatius, & in ifto Rerum 
 ** difcrimine omnino tutius exiftimans, 
 Heroico aliquo facinore, quam nu- 
 dis & jejunis verbis relpondere. Ex 
 « h^c tamen alti & perpetua tacitur- 
 nitate, dubia ilia, de quibus fupra 
 diximus, procul omni dubio ortum 
 ** fbrtiebantur. 
 
 From the Tenor and Date of this 
 Letter, there is no room to doubt, hut 
 it was the very fame which is publijh'd 
 in the Appendix of Dr, BarwickV Life, 
 
 N°. I. 
 
 CC 
 
 CC 
 
 €C 
 
 CC 
 
 
r 
 
 xlviii The Editor's 
 
 N°. I. ci^ tt ^^^ communicated to the 
 Editor by S'tr Hans Sloan, and had been 
 tranfcrWd by him from the Original m 
 the Duke of Albemarle'5 Cabinet^ m 
 thefe Words : 
 
 Colten, iz Aug. K^jj. 
 cf f^NE who believes he knows your 
 t( V^ Nature and Inclinations ve- 
 <' ry well affures me , that notwith- 
 •« fiandtng all ill Accidents and Mif- 
 fortunes y you retain ftill your old Jf- 
 feBton to me, and refolve to exprefs 
 it upon the feafonable Opportunity j 
 which is as much as I look for from 
 you. We mufi all patiently wait 
 «< for that Opportunity y which may be 
 « offered fooner than we expeB: When 
 « it is, let it find you ready j and m 
 " the mean Time have a care to keep 
 « your felf out of their Hands, who 
 « know the Hurt you can do them in a 
 
 3 ** good 
 
 « 
 
 cc 
 <c 
 
 Preface. ilix 
 
 « good Conjuncture ; and can never but 
 " fufpeB your AffeBion to he^ as I am 
 '^^ confident it is, towards 
 
 Your, &c. 
 CHARLES REX. 
 
 To return to the Connexion of our 
 Hiftory : The General came from his 
 laft Expedition in Ireland in 164^, and 
 was out of all Employment till 16^0, 
 when the Scots entered into a Treaty 
 with King C H A R L E s il. /^'r refloring 
 him to his Kingdom <?/" Scotland. 
 
 In this Expedition of Cromwel a- 
 gainfi the Scots, General Monk 
 accepted a Cbmmkjfion, And how dif- 
 ficult foever it mayfeem, atfirJiSighfy 
 to reconcile his oppofmg the Scots, who 
 were endeavouring to reflore the King, 
 with his former RefolutionSy That be 
 never would oppofe the King, yet he 
 migjot have very good Reafons to juftify 
 
 d himfelf 
 
 ^S^3 
 
I 
 
 ^ 
 
 l" 
 
 I The Ed 1 Toil Is 
 
 him/elf m that Part of his ConBuB j at 
 leafi his declining any further Service 
 under them^ from his Return to Eng- 
 land, to the breaking out of this War^ 
 plainly Jhews it to he fo in his Opi- 
 nion. 
 
 In my Judgment neither Dr. Gamble 
 
 nor Dr. Skinner do Jufiice to the G e- 
 
 N E R A L, in giving the following Reh-- 
 
 fons for his engaging in this Expedition : 
 
 I. The Rebellion and Infolence of the 
 
 Scots againft King Charles I. and^ 
 
 1. their perfidious Treatment of him- 
 
 felf in Ireland. Dr. Skinner had taken 
 
 notice before^ that when the Scots en-- 
 
 ter'd into this Treaty with his Majejiy^ 
 
 it was concluded upon fuch Terms as 
 
 Goths and Vandals would have been a- 
 
 fham'd to offer to an hereditary Prince. 
 
 - As the Motives to their InfurreUion was 
 
 an Impatience under the Government of 
 
 Independency, and an intemperate 
 
 ^ Zeal 
 
 /' 
 
 ^ ;rp R- E F A c E. li 
 
 Zeal for the Presbyterian Model ^ the 
 Eftablijhmem of which both m Scotland 
 and England, firji indued them to take 
 up Arms againfi their Sovereign, fo they 
 intended to refiore their Religion, by 
 making That Efiablijhment a necejfary 
 Condition of refioring the- King. I have 
 not Time to recapitulate the Particulars 
 of their religious Pretences, and Trea- 
 chery , from the firfi Tumults in the 
 Reign 0/ Charles L ?o the Death of 
 that excellent Prince : But a Perfon fo 
 well acquainted with that People as 
 G E N E R A L M o N K>«^ too much Rca-* 
 fin to conclude, they ivould not refiore 
 his Majefly upon honourable Terms. My 
 Lord * Clarendon tells us, " they were 
 fo careful in modelling this Army 
 which they had rai^d, that they fuf^ 
 " fe^d few or no Officers, or common 
 
 (C 
 
 <c 
 
 * Pag- 57f • Vol III- 
 
 d ^ 
 
 Soldiers^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
li 
 
 f 
 
 €C 
 
 €< 
 
 lii The Editor's 
 
 Soldiers y who had been m the Engage- 
 ment <?/Z)«/^^ Hamilton, or whogewe 
 " the kaft Occafion to be fufpeBed to 
 " wljh well to the Ktngy to be recekfd 
 « into their Service.'* And when they 
 were totally defeated by Cromwel, the 
 noble Hifiorian * afures us, the King 
 thou^t it Matter of Triumph^ and the 
 greateft Happinefs that could befal 
 him, in that he had thereby loft fo 
 great a Body of his Enemies j who, if 
 they had prevnil'd, would have fhut 
 him up in Prifon. In jhort, it was 
 an Army neither rats' d nor goverrCd by 
 the King: They were not properly his 
 SubjeBs, but he rather fubjeB to them, 
 being obli^d to receive, infield of hav- 
 ing the Power to give Laws. The Re- 
 fioration they chiefly aim'd at was, that 
 of their Spiritual Dominion, the Royal 
 
 * Pag. J77. 
 
 Cau(e 
 
 k 
 
 ii, • 
 
 Fr e fa c e. liii 
 
 Caufe was only the Pretence, as being 
 apprehended a Means fubfervtent to it. 
 In what Light this Matter will appear 
 to the Reader, I know not ;,to me tt 
 feems very clear, that the Scots would 
 not have reflofd the King upon fkch 
 Conditions as were confiflent with the 
 Dignity and Prerogative of the Crown, 
 and the Rights and Liberties of the Peo- 
 ple J and that the Government could nop 
 have been fettled upon any lafiing Foun- 
 dation by a foreign Force, much lefs by 
 a Nation fo obnoxious to the Englifli, 
 and fo devoted to their own particular 
 'interefis, as the Scots wer^ at that 
 
 : qie Parliament having entirely re- 
 ^^if^ Scotland, refolnf d upon an AB of 
 Coalition, for uniting both Kingdoms 
 mo one Cornrnon-wealth; General 
 Mo NIC was one of the Comm'tjfioners 
 Tent down /<? Scotland to negotiate this 
 
 4 3 M'^efs; 
 
 1,1 
 

 liv The Edit oicfs 
 
 Buftnefs : Which being intended as a 
 De/igny not only againji the King'^ 
 perfonal Inter efiy but to extirpate Mo- 
 narchy out of that Kingdom^ it may be 
 wondered thaty if the General carry' d 
 any good Inclinations towards the King, 
 or Kingly Government, he Jbould be 
 concerned in fo wicked a Scheme. 
 
 It is very difficulty at this Dijiance 
 of Ttme^ and upon an imperfeB Know^ 
 ledge of CircumfianceSy to form a Judg- 
 ment of all the Motives and Reafom 
 upon which the Ge'sekal, aBed in 
 every Part of his ConduB. The Ur- 
 gency 0nd Neceffity of certain . critical 
 ConjunBures might oblige him to fome 
 MeafureSy which y for want of knowing 
 the true Situation things were then in^ 
 do now carry the Appearance of quite 
 different PurpofeSy than thofe whereby 
 ke really governed himfelf Thisy how^ 
 every we may affirm with fom^ Certain-^ 
 
 iii 
 .11 
 
 ■ 
 
 w 
 
 •I 
 I 
 
 'V 
 
 tN, thai the Danger of reftft'mg thelm- 
 pommt'm of the Partly muji have been 
 ^eat\ that his Inter efl among them 
 y^uld have heen impair' dy ifnofwhol- 
 Cdefiroid, and by that Means all fur-^ 
 twe Power of ferving thel^m^y entirely, 
 Mj that they could have effeSied their 
 Defign 'Without his AJpfiance : Very pro- 
 bably too the Cehekal might not think 
 their Meafures would prove effeBual to_ 
 the wicked Purpofes intended by them, 
 Bm after all, wf rnufl not argue from 
 me fingk Papge of a Marts Ltfe m 
 Oppofiiton to the general Tenor of tt, 
 hm account for the, more ambiguous 
 Pms wkreof it is compofed, by thofe 
 ^kicjh ar( plain and indifputable. Smce 
 therefore we have found him fo very vt- 
 gtUint in what related to the King'^ In- 
 terefts, fo fiudious to avoid all OccafioHs 
 ofdifferving him^ we ought to conclude 
 in Favour of his good and general In- 
 
 ^A tentions. 
 
 f 
 
 -? 
 
 s 
 
i 
 
 I 
 
 Ivi The Editor's 
 
 tenttonsj notwithjlandtng the Appearance 
 offome few particular Inftances (tffuch 
 could really he ajjigrid) to the contrary. 
 In i^yjr, f*pon another InfurreB'ton 
 i» Scotland, General Monk went^ 
 th'tther again^ and m a little Ttme com- 
 pos" d thofe Difiurbances. My Ohferva-. 
 tions upon the lafl Expedition into that 
 Kingdom^ will fufficiently obviate any 
 Inferences which may he drawn from 
 
 hence. 
 
 From this Ttme to the Mejfage from 
 the KING to the General ^y Mr. 
 Monk, there is little which requires a- 
 ny Animadverfions X, only to wipe off an 
 Imputation of Cruelty during his Admt-^ 
 niflration in Scotland. My LordChrcn- 
 don * terms it a Rod of Iron, and a 
 Yoke very grievous to the whole Na- 
 tion 3 an ExpreJJion which implies every 
 
 * Pag- 4<S7- SSf'\ 
 
 \ , : V 
 
 / 
 
 I 
 
 Preface. Ivii 
 
 thing that is tgnohle, tyrannical, and 
 oppreffive. But how Jhall we reconcile 
 thefe Reprefentations to what he fays in 
 another* Place, ''That ^^ (General 
 Monk)" had exercised no other Power- 
 «« over them than was ahfolutely necef- 
 ** fary to reduce that People to an en- 
 <* tire Obedience j and that in all his 
 " other Carriage towards them he was 
 ** friendly and compajfionable j and as 
 he was feared hy the Nobility , and 
 hated by the Clergy , fo he was not 
 *^ unhelmfd hy the common People y 
 who received more Jufiice, and lefs 
 Opprejfion from him, than they had 
 been accufiorr^d to under their own 
 " Lords. " Dr. Skinner'^ Account of 
 this Matter will be feen at Page 45. 
 SeBion 19. and more at large at 4, 7\ 
 and 8 SeBions of Chapter VIL -with 
 whom Dr. Gumble agrees. 
 
 <( 
 
 « 
 
 cc 
 
 C( 
 
 CI 
 
 things 
 
 * ?*g- 7°^' 
 
 IJhall 
 
Vim 
 
 V) 
 
 Mi The Eoiixak's 
 
 ^ / /hall nm attend Mr. M6nk the 
 
 Clergyman with his Majefiy's Meffage 
 
 to the GtiiE^ A Ly and fee what Difpo- 
 
 fttim it found him in^ andvJha Recepr. 
 
 mn it met with from him. 
 
 My Lord Claretidoa ^fyySy " That 
 *< the General difmifs'd him (his ^^ 
 ther) " without difcoveringto him afty 
 f * Inclfnation to the Bufmefs he came a^. 
 " bout'" The ninth Chapter of the foh 
 iowi^g Sheets gives a fatisfaBory Ac- 
 count of this TranfaBiony and a full 
 Confutation of my Lord ClsLtcndon's 0- 
 pinkn concerning it. A Declaration for 
 Vj free and a full Parliament was im* 
 mediately drawn upy and ftgn'd by the 
 General and his Officer Sy (though 
 fuppreffd afterwards y upon the Defeat 
 of Sir George Booth) in the fame Stile 
 with that of Sir George, and the Lord 
 
 mm 
 
 * Pag. 70i. 
 
 Fairfax, 
 
 h , 
 
 \ 
 
 Preface. lii 
 
 Fairfax, without any mention made of 
 the King, or Monarchy j and we may 
 as well conclude from their Silence and 
 Cautiony as from the G e n e r a l'^, that 
 they intended no more than they ex-- 
 preffly declared. And here it was that 
 the G£N E R A L fiems to have formed the 
 particular Scheme for the Refioration^ 
 by reducing the Military to the Obe^ 
 dience of thf Civil Power y which he fo 
 fuccefifully executed^ and which ahne 
 cotdd have fugceeded. They were fo a^ 
 fraid of uniting his Majefiy's Enemies 
 by an open Declaration for him^ that 
 in Sir George Booth'^ InfurreBion^ the 
 firft Appearance was only of fiich Per-* 
 ions as had not been engaged on the 
 I^^'s fide *. Whereas /^6* G e n E R a l 
 was continually fining up his Army with 
 
 * Skinneri p. pj* Sc&. i. 
 
 Perfons 
 
 h J 
 
.i 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 €C 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 Ix The Edit oil's 
 
 Perfom of known AffeBion to the King, 
 And Dr. BjMrwicH telU usy in his Bro- 
 ther's Life, p. 149' " "^^^^ *^ reform- 
 ing the Officers of his Army, the Ge- 
 neral chofe the rather to employ Co- 
 lonel Clobery, hecaufe he knew him 
 to he in the Kin^s Interejl, and that 
 Mr. Otway (afterwards Sir John) 
 " Brother- in-Law to that Colonel, and 
 mofi intimately concerrfd with him 
 in the Profecution of that Interefty 
 was fo well affur'dof this, that when 
 almofi every one elfe defpair'd of the 
 Royal Caufe, he hadfiill great Hopes 
 in the General purely upon this Ac- 
 count. lUud faltem unum judicium ab 
 eo captabat Otwayus animi in Re- 
 gem minimd malevoli, eiim caeteri 
 ** ferd omnes de rerum fumma defpera- 
 ** rent j quod Cloburii Opera & Con- 
 « filio ad eliminandos ab Exercitu 
 ** Duces omnes, de quorum fide me- 
 
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 <t 
 
 u 
 
 <( 
 
 fC 
 
 It 
 
 <( 
 
 i 
 
 « ritd 
 
 Preface, 
 
 " ritd dubitabat, ed libentius uteretur, 
 « qud hominem rei Regiae ftudiofio- 
 " rem noverat." And if, from this 
 Tme, we find him more frequent and 
 warm in his Letters^ his Conferences^ 
 his publick Speeches and Declarations^ 
 for the Common-wealth, it was hecaufe 
 all his ABions and Proceedings hegan. 
 now tofpeak more plainly and openly for 
 
 the King. 
 
 To prevent a Reftoration, of which 
 
 the fever al Enemies to it were appre- 
 henfive, from the Temper and Difpojt- 
 tion of the Body of the Nation, and from 
 the manifefi Tendency of General 
 Monk'j Proceedings, notwithfianding 
 his artful Difguifes to conceal it-, among 
 other Stratagems employed hy them to, 
 fruflrate his Purpofes, they made him 
 an Offer, firji, of the Palace and E- 
 ftate of Hampton-Court, and then of 
 the Government it felf Dr. Skinner 
 
 * feems 
 
Ixii TheEi)it6R's 
 
 fiems * to think they were not in earnejl 
 in their Compliment y but meant it only 
 as afecret Contrivance io ruin the G e- 
 HEViALi for which Opinion the DoBor 
 does not ajjign any Reafon, neither am 
 I capable ofpropofmg a fatisfaBory one. 
 for however bigotted they might be to 
 their Republican Schemesy which I am 
 opt to think was owing to the Conjidera- 
 tion of their own Safety y more than to 
 the CorrviBion of their Judgment -y or 
 how averfe foever they might be to the 
 perfonal Inter efl of the Gzhekal } the 
 main Point they then ainfd at wasy to 
 prevent the Reftoration of a Family they 
 had fo much injur' d and provokdy and 
 from whom their own guilty Confiience 
 could expeB nothing but a jufi Revenge. 
 The King was to be kept out upon any 
 Terms j the feveral Interefls and Fa^ 
 
 »> 
 
 Pre FA c fei 
 
 •«-» 
 
 * Pag. 277. Sc&. 8. 
 
 Biom 
 
 Bions among themfelves, and'the united 
 Wijhes i>fthe reft of the Nation here 
 ftichi that they could not think of any 
 probable Means of excluding hirhy but 
 ■by the Advancement of General Mi^nk. 
 Upon this f^tewy whiih was truly the 
 -State of the CafCy it was necejfary to 
 their Inter eft y {the Principle which a- 
 Buated and governed all their Mea- 
 fures) to augment his Power. No doubt 
 Sir Arthur Hazlerig knew the Senti- 
 ments of the Party y when he offered to 
 procure a hundred thoufand Hands that 
 Jhould fubfcribe to his Title: So terrify^ 
 ing were the Apprehenjtons of another 
 Perfon j fo great the G en e r a lV Inte- 
 refty thaty had he not been fo faithful a 
 SubjeBy he mighty to all human Ap' 
 pearancCy with very tittle Difficulty y 
 have affumed the Name and Power of 
 a King. Concerning the Ttme of this 
 Offer tothe Cehev. a l, there is a Dif 
 
 agreement 
 
 I 
 
Ixiv The Edit6r*s 
 
 agreement between tny Lord Clarendoh 
 aftd the reji of our H'tjior'tans j the one 
 tnahJtng it antecedent, the other fubfe- 
 quent to Sir John Greenvil'i Application 
 to him *. But the comnton Account, as 
 it is the trueftj fo it feems to be moji to 
 the Honour of the General'^ Re- 
 fufali 
 
 My Lord Clarendon is alfo miftaken 
 m a material Circumflance relating to 
 the Conference between Sir John and 
 the General; who, when Sir John 
 came to him, after he had folemnly 
 conjur'd him to Secrecyj upon the Pe- 
 ril of his Life, told him, he meant 
 to fend him to the King f. The G e- 
 NER AL is here reprefented asfirfipro- 
 pojing the Bufmefs to Sir John ; wbere^ 
 as Sir John with great Difficulty, by 
 the Interefi of Mr. Morrice, gaitfd Ac-- 
 
 I 
 
 l\ 
 
 (I \ 
 
 * Clar. p.'734, j-. f p. 7},.. 
 
 Preface. Ixv 
 
 cefs to the Gehsv^al, andloldly de- 
 clared his Commiffion, without any other 
 Encouragement to ufe that freedom, 
 than what he had drawn from the G e- 
 
 \Y.^h^:sMeafures, whofe Caution was 
 
 fo great, that he did not think it fafe to 
 reveal a Sicret of fo much Danger to 
 himfelf, and to the Succefs of his De- 
 
 ftgns, till Sir John had fhewn himfelf, 
 by an extraordinary Inflame of pru- 
 dence, and Courage, a Perfon fit to be 
 trufied with fucb a Secret. A Mijlake 
 which diminifhes the Glory due to the 
 
 ; CharaBer of that excellent Perfon, and 
 the noble Part he aBed; and gives my 
 £W Clarendon an Occafion to make 
 
 .an Ohfervation equally injurious, to the 
 Modefly and Humility of the Gene- 
 ral; that, as foon as he determin'd ta 
 
 ' advance the Defign, he confulted how 
 he might manage it in fuch a man- 
 
 cefs 
 
Ixvi The E d 1 1 d 4 's 
 
 ner, before the Meeting of the Paflia- 
 ment, that what fdlowed might be 
 imputed to his touAYels Atd (ittti^^- 
 ante* My LWd <lAYendoti^i4deed 
 has related the CondtiB of G^^i^m. 
 Monk, ihroughomthe whole Affair bf 
 the Rejl oration^ whhjefi AcGtirdcj mtd 
 Cleamefi than was ttfudtl with that Hoble 
 and evccellent HtftoriarK T%e Reafon 
 vf which I hinted at before ^ that h£*e 
 he wrote' at a Dijlance from the Scene 
 tf ABion^ and from the confufd Infer-- 
 tnationSy if not arbitrary Conje&ures^f 
 other People y and upm Things wherein 
 the Perfony who is the SubjeB of the 
 ' Narration y fltidiou/ly ionceatd his P^^ 
 ^ teedingSy and Motives ^ from^he Kmw^ 
 ^ iedge of the World. ^i^Jmn! lately fken 
 
 ^•' vr 
 
 - «• 
 
 * Pag- 734- 
 
 Trr? 
 
 \ 
 
 a memo" 
 
 ' piliE F ACE. 
 ammrM PatPm mfom Remark 
 
 ir J^n Qtt^wi'Ar^urr^.^ t<^ the King 
 
 Majefiis Lemr^jk 9^^^^^^ ^»- 
 joif^^m ^'^ '<^^^^ ^^' Knmledge of 
 their- Conference from Chancellor Hyde, 
 Having mention" d General Monk'i 
 Ref^fal offuch great Offers, itgwes me 
 a proper Occafton to take notice ofth? 
 Malice, or Ignorance Qf thofe, who ret 
 fqlve his Part in the Refloration into 
 ^elf-ifit;?r^ft, or Self-prefervation, 
 
 He was in fo much Credit with all 
 Parties y hj the Reputation of his exr- 
 fraordinary IVifdo^ and Courage, md 
 f^e (Command of an Army affeMionate^ 
 iy^ dmfedf^pf/n, ^hat kfi JQuldafmy 
 *ftme have united himfelf to either of 
 tjoem upon his mm Termt, whither in 
 refoeB t9 Honour, to Power, or Riches. 
 
 e a By 
 
 Ct 
 
 -.v^ 
 
 1 ^^i\ \ -i 
 
I 
 
 Ixviii The E d i T 6 r 's 
 
 By Overff/ref'tf fhh Und^ 'which he 
 was ctmtimaUf^fblkited to accept, he 
 thight have been fechre^ greater Ad- 
 vantages, than were -even poffihle for 
 the King to grant'. Cottld He expetfthe 
 Royal Palace and Eft ate of Ham{)ton-. 
 Court, the Atthor'itj which Cromwel 
 enjofd, the Title of King from the 
 King? And yet all thefe were offered 
 h'lm J and offered direBly, to prevent 
 his adhering to the KingV Interefi. 
 
 But if he went over to the King, as 
 they reprefenty upon the ProfpeB of a 
 better Bargain, how did he fo refohttely 
 decline any Bargain at all? If Interefi 
 was the Motive to his Loyalty, undouhp- 
 edly 'twas his Interefi to fecure to htm" 
 felf and Friends the Advantages he pro- 
 posed, by an exprefs Stipulation, h it 
 natmralor cttfiomary for felfijh M^n to 
 prefer a pi^ecarious and meertain Re- 
 
 "- wardy 
 
 P R E FA C E. Ixix 
 
 ^ard, to one that is determinate and 
 fecure? efpe dally conftdermg, that Ser- 
 vices ha^e generally a larger Value fit 
 upon them, 'when wanted, than^ after 
 they are effeBed Nothing can he con- 
 ceived more generous and dtfmterefied 
 than the General'^ entire Confidence 
 in the Honour and Goodnefs of the 
 King J nothing a greater Argument of 
 Innocence, and a real and habitual Af- 
 feBton to the King'J Service. Guilt 
 is always difirufiful; and if the Gene. 
 R A l'5 own Confcience had accused hm 
 as much as fome others have done, he 
 would have been more careful, upon the 
 Return to his Duty, to have fecur'd the 
 Pardon of bis former Dijloyalty, or at 
 leafi, the Reward of his growing Ser- 
 
 ' vices, u, ^ ,^ r 
 
 Jffd for the Motive of Sdi-iprdctvar 
 
 ^tmi thii Pretence, if pojjible^ isfifll 
 
 e 2 more 
 
T- 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 » i 
 
 II 
 
 l±k The Etii'rbk's 
 
 more mreafonable ^ihdn the former^ 
 having indeed fio ^ManMr of FoUndithon, 
 For the GE^tJ^A^^M^^^s had it in h^ 
 Power to prevk)^ the Reft oration y ivith- 
 ita afvy Danger or Difficulty. When 
 he modeltd his Arnfj in Scotland, /«- 
 ftead of giving Umbrage to their Jea^ 
 ioufy of himy by ptming in PerfonSy in 
 their Ldngjiage y difajfeBedy could he 
 "hot as en fly have found others of dif- 
 ferent Inclinations'} When he was at 
 Coldftream, ^;;^ Lambert marching 
 againft him with a much fupertor Force y 
 ^could he not have concluded a fafe and 
 advantageous Peace y inflead of running 
 the Hazard of a total Defeat? Atid 
 after he cameio London, inftehd of 
 diffohmg the Jurlfto, aftd calTmg a 
 new Parliament , the Inclinations of 
 ^which he could eajtly guefs aty cquldhenot 
 have r^mtnfd their Sufpittonsy ttkdpre^ 
 
 ^ '^ vented 
 
 ; I 
 
 Pre FACJpu 
 
 TTnUer of^^^^n^m the Refiora^ 
 
 mn,h urged m^^^^ 
 Gen^i^al Mqkm mtendmgtt, whtk 
 the^mak the Refioratm the fafef 
 thLhecouUth-mkof, But how *a 
 lake out the Neceffity of domg athmg 
 
 ■^ order to ourPrefervatton,whchn 
 attended M the greatefi Difficultm. 
 and the mofi mmment Dangers, does 
 not, I confefs, appear clear top Ap^ 
 prehenfion, and cannot, I helteve, H 
 naturally accounted for hy any other 
 
 Perfonp 
 
 , ^There is one Imputation more re- 
 rpe$im the goodlntmm^ ^/Gene- 
 
 11 MoK ^Imrds the Kiog'. Ketm. 
 ^kb a learned and worthy Perfon, 
 Mr, £th4r4, has- thought porth tran- 
 
 e^ fcrthm^ 
 
 •\ 
 
[i 
 
 
 i 
 
 IxX The EdiVbi's 
 
 tnore fmreafonahle^Wm the former^ 
 having indeed no l/ianrier of FoundMm. 
 for the Gz^tKAtMiiFfs hadit inhii 
 Power to prevent the Reft oration^ with^ 
 out an^ hanger or Difficulty. When 
 he modeWd his Army in Scotland, in- 
 pead of giving Umbrage to their Jea^ 
 loufy of himy by putting in PerfonSy in 
 their Ldngiiage y difaffeBedy cotdd he 
 "Hot as enfihj have found others of dif- 
 ferent Inclinattonsl When he was at 
 "Coldftream, ^;; J Lambert marching 
 againft him with a much fuperior Force y 
 could he not have concluded a fafe and 
 advantageous PeacCy inftead of running 
 the Hazard of a total Defeat! Atid 
 after he came to London, mfteitd of 
 drffolving the Jutlfto, and caHmg a 
 new Parliament , the Inclinations of 
 which he could eaftlyguefs at y could he not 
 have rfmov'S their Sufpicions^ akdfre-- 
 
 ^ ^ vented 
 
 3 ij 
 
 i m 
 
 ^edMrMempn upon his Life, hy 
 and Danger of .^tempmg the Rejtora 
 
 fhe'y make the Reftoratm the fafefi 
 thing he could think of But how to 
 ^ahouttheNecefayofdomgathwg 
 
 ■^ order to our Prefervatm whch « 
 attended wHh the greateji Dffficultm. 
 and the moft imminent Dangers, does 
 not, 1 confefs, appear clear top Ap- 
 prehenfion, and cannot, I belteve, hi 
 naturally accounted for hy any other 
 
 Perfon, , 
 
 , s There is ene Imputation more re- 
 fpe$m the good Mentions ofQt^f.- 
 fit MoK Jo^ards the Kiag'^ B^um. 
 M a learned arid worthy Perfon, 
 Mr, Echar4, has thought pot^ihtrm- 
 
 e4 /•^^^^'^^ 
 
 1 
 
 [ I 
 
1 
 
 ■ 5 
 
 11 
 
 Ixxii The Editor's 
 
 fcr'tb'mg at large from Mr. Lock into 
 his H'tfiory ,- / "wifh ht had thought it 
 worth a particular Gonfideration, and 
 not have left it wholly to the Judg- 
 ment of the Reader J fmce every Rea-- 
 der is not attentive enoughy nor other- 
 wife qualified to make a true Judgment 
 of a Matter of FaB, where fo many 
 Circumfiances are to be compar'dj in or- 
 der to judge with Certainty concern- 
 ing the Probability, or Improbability of 
 it. The fame Juftice and Tendernefs 
 are due to the CharaBer of deceafed 
 PerfonSj which were owing to their Re- 
 putation when livmg j and if an Hi- 
 flortan inferts any Relation, either upon 
 the Credit of common Fame, or the Au- 
 thority of any Writer, which obfcttres the. 
 Glory of a ^eat and good ABion -, it 
 Jhould be mentiorfdwith all its Circum-' 
 fiances of Credibility and Incredibility, 
 
 for 
 
 Preface, l^xiii 
 
 for fear an hd^knt, anmaccurate or 
 ^Jrlt Reader fho.m^^^^^ 
 
 f agate st, upon the ^^f^^'.^^ 
 
 Perfon by whon^m^^ ^elatidi ^t^^m 
 
 \tiyd for themrld to conclude, 
 
 „«M ».. relate a»y. thmgP> theD,J 
 achontage of an emmn, ®^«^2/,v} 
 
 „/• it f he thought ,t mcredMe. Nay, 
 icJt to Jfider th.t Rule as »^e 
 particularly hinfmg «t>" "" Hfmam 
 icaufe if he does an Injury, he Joes a 
 morelajiing and irref arable me by 
 tranfmitting it to dijiant Ages; and ,n- 
 jjs mt only the Repuiatton of hm 
 ii, is immediately 'fffhf. ^ 
 
 is an Enemy to the P'l'^K^"^ f Z^ 
 ciepy, h -^eakntng the Force of th^ 
 
 Motives and Incttemnts to rtrtut, 
 
 ^.hereof MaMnd are generally mo^^ 
 
 -^ fenjible. 
 
 I f 
 
Ixxi V The E d i t d k's 
 
 fenftbk. And I will venture to fay 
 further^ that this Ohfervation concerns 
 an Htftorian whom. I. have lately men- 
 tioffd, as much as any H'tfiorian, whofe 
 defertfd Reputation for Diligence, Coh^ 
 dor. Capacity, and Fidelity will be fo 
 likely to give Weight and Anhority to 
 the haBs he reports. 
 
 But there is one Circumfiance which 
 • does not perfeBly agree with the Neu- 
 trality Mr. Echard profefes in this 
 Matter. Immediately after the Rela- 
 tion of It, he fays. This gave the great 
 Turn to the Reftoration of King 
 Charles, And in the Index, under Afli- 
 ley Cooper / find this general Head, 
 The main Inilrument of the Reftora- 
 tion ,. referring, for the Particulars, to 
 thts Story of Mr. Lock. From whence I 
 conclude, that Mr. Echard thought Sir 
 Anthony the main Inftrument of the 
 
 Reftoration, 
 
 r4, 
 
 Pre rk ^^ 
 
 Reftoration, and>4hnihe pounded his 
 Opinion upon the Evidmseirf thts Story; 
 M is not leaving it wh«4lf Id the 
 Tudgment of the- Re^eJr, hut gsvsng 
 L own Jfidgmem,mddechiring his 
 Belief of it. If I have injfir'dthts wor^ 
 fhy Gentleman's Meaning, I heartily 
 ask his Pardon, hut I can tmderfiand ft 
 
 fn no other Senfe. 
 
 The Story which I am going to ex- 
 amine, may be feen in Mr. Lock's Me- 
 mom * of Sir Anthony Aftiley Cooper, 
 afterwards created Lord SU^t^hmy , or 
 in Mr. Echatd'. Bifiory. It ts toB 
 long to be trofffcrih'd here, hut the Suh* 
 
 fimce of it is thfts: 
 
 « that General Monk'i fVife over- 
 f^hmrd him waking an j^grtementwtf} 
 
 Iff" 
 
 * Pag. Jj-S . Third Edition, 
 
 
 ^^ th 
 
 ,v ^1 
 
f€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 Ixxvi The Editor 's 
 
 the French Ambajfador, to take the 
 : ^ Government upon h'tmfelf, upon the 
 
 *' ^Jr'*'''^»<^e of Affifiance from-^xtinct ', 
 '^ that Jhe fern Sir Anthony Aihiey 
 " Cooper immediate Notice ofit^ who 
 '•'Jummoned the Council of State, 
 ^'^' whereof he was one; That Sir hn- 
 '^^ thony skilfully^ and by dtjiant hr- 
 " tmations, chared the General with 
 *' //, who difcover'dj by fome Difor- 
 " ders and Confufton in his Look, that 
 " he was guilty ,- and fo difappointed 
 him in hisDeftgn, by proposing fuch 
 Alterations in the Army, as made 
 " it ceafe to be at his Devotion. 
 
 I only defire the following Circum- 
 fiances to be conftdered; and then I 
 Jhall be very willing, with Mr. Echard, 
 to leave the Determination of the Cafe 
 to the Judgment of the Reader. 
 
 <( 
 
 (( 
 
 K\ 
 
 In 
 
 FrefXc^^ Ixxvii 
 
 In the firfi Place, Mr. Echard oh 
 firves, that t\As Account is fingular,. 
 being taken notice of by no other Writer, 
 but\Mf. Lock, nor attejiedby any o-. 
 ther Evidence i which CircUmfiame a- 
 lonefeems very much to leffen the Cre- _ 
 dibd4tyoftheFaB. TI^^General/s 
 faid to have been fo confounded m the 
 Council, when Sir Anthony chared 
 him with it, that all the Company 
 were convinced fome foul Play was 
 intended, though they did not then 
 particularly know what the Mattor 
 was J that ^'ir Anthony laid hold of this 
 Opportunity to propofe, what the G e- 
 NERAL under thofe Difficulties found 
 himfelf obligd to confent to, fo great a 
 Change of the Army, that it ceas'd 
 to be at Moni^^ Devotion, and was 
 put into Hands that would not ferve 
 him in the Defign. Now is it at aU 
 ,o> '. ^ probable 
 
 \\ 
 
i 
 
 hxriix Tte E u i t o r 's 
 
 prabable. jtbca fo rmarkahk a thing 
 Jhould happen^ thit fuch fudden md 
 ^eat Changes Jhmld be made in the 
 ^my withmtt any mention made of it 
 in Hifiory? That\mne of the Council 
 jhotdd afterwards enquire more parti- 
 cularly into theOccafiOH^ of tbem^ when 
 theyfawy by the G e n« r a l'j Cot^ufum, 
 that it wasfome deep Dejign^ at which 
 ^e was then aiming? That among fa 
 many Emmies as ^iv General then 
 hady w^^ching all Opporttmit'fes to af- 
 perfe himy and fo ma»y more ermmt$ 
 of his Glory cmd Power ^ none of them 
 Jhould Immv or publijh the FaS where-' 
 with he had been charged? 
 ••■ Mr. Echard obfarves further^, that 
 Mr, Look bad ^is A^o^t, profeg^ 
 Isly, from the Fount^ti Head, r^^at^r- 
 iv^ rmf Lord $liaftj>bHj:y. Whichy. 1 
 Mnky isfo far frm kipg a probakk 
 
 Ctrcum- 
 
 Preface* Ixxix 
 
 Circumjiance, that -it carries another 
 M Ground of Sufpicion. That Lord 
 Jas not ahfohtelf free fromJmhttm 
 andOpiniatryi and this Story tended 
 to gratify his t^a^ity , as tt mtght be 
 thought to afford a fignal Proof of hss 
 JPenetration and Addrefsy tn dtfcover- 
 -ingy and difcortcerting /^<? G e n e r a l'j 
 ProjeB i which « profeffedhy the Rea- 
 fonof Mr. Lock'5 mentioning this Story, 
 And it likewife favoured his ProfpeSi of 
 Inter efi at Courts as it gave htm a Pre- 
 tence to, make a Demand upon the 
 Crmny of fome confp^rable PoH of 
 Honour or Profit, for fo extraordinary 
 
 a piece of Service 
 
 Much of the Probability of this Mat- 
 ter depends upon the Evidence of the 
 G E N E R A L*i IV'tfCy and her Evidence j 
 in a good Meafurcy upon her Zeal for 
 the Reftoration, -Afhich is not fo tlear 
 
 as 
 
 { ' ! 
 

 u 
 
 Ixxx The EoiTdR^s 
 
 as it mght to be^ ' conftder'mgihe Strefi 
 'which is laid upon it: If I had the Li- 
 i>erty to ufe the Name of a great Man 
 now livings I might convince the Worlds 
 that Jhe was not likely to oppofe the Ad- 
 vancement of the General, when it 
 ■was offer'd by the French Ambajfador, 
 ■having before Jhewn fb rmtch Refent- 
 ment to Mr. Morrice, for endeavour- 
 tng toperfuade /ix? General /<? refufe 
 an Offer of the fame Nature from the 
 
 But upon the Suppojition of her vio- 
 lent Zealy let *m confider what her E- 
 vidence is, and how far it will go. She, 
 from another Room, hears the Particu- 
 lars of the Agreement under Confide- 
 
 • ration. Now if her AffeBions werefo 
 warmly inter efied in this Matter ^ they 
 muB needs excite her FearSy and her 
 
 ■ Fears might naturally make her fanfy 
 
 « /he 
 
 V 
 
 floe heard things which fh^ d^^^ot^ and 
 improve fome brokm^^r^^rnperfe^.S^n- 
 
 tence, mU^ an e^^ia^ff^^ ^ 
 traSL ..mkch'ts the mure Ukeiy to, bi 
 
 G;rn« k a l, «^ vms not- us'dt^ ^> 
 kftd tfpan fuch darfgei!OUsMj£^s^ W^ 
 a^Ferfan in amtim,Ro^ might-^m, 
 difti^ the Parmkrj e/" their Con- 
 verfatioHi efpeciaUy m{idermglms<^m 
 §dcknefs of hearmgy '^hkh 'ma^/o mr 
 ceeding perfea, that noTbody= could 
 fafely whiter a Secret in the fajtte 
 
 Roomr*. ;> ; 
 
 _ Bi^ acmding to-Mr.hock^A^e&uH^ 
 
 the tfiaift Part of the\Evide,nce , is the 
 
 Diforder md Confi^tm of the G e>:e- 
 
 j!t A L ; fm ^of^ i'^' andBehavkm 
 
 
 N .•' 
 
 ^ \ V ». .:! ■< 
 
 1 ^i 
 
 ^^ 
 
 f 
 
 they 
 
 
 I t 
 
theoj ar^ W6re^^ thm fy^mihe-Atahh- 
 fwer toMp,^>pfhaUmly<me a Paffage^ 
 m LudlowV Mermin^refdting'to Kmg 
 Ch a r l es l.^his Rgcept'ton of the News 
 bftheMaffacre /Ireland/ -i I hav« it^ 
 fays he, from good Hands, that ^Hfc 
 King was pleas'd \mh k. Nim Mat 
 didthefe good Hm^^ found this horrid 
 Calumny upon, hit the King'/ Looks 
 and Beh^iour, obferved by fame who 
 happerfd to be frefent at that time? 
 For it never was pretended, that he 
 ever acknowledged fo impious- and in- 
 human a Pleafure : If then the Ha- 
 tred df any Perfon or P^fons 4o* 
 •wards^ that gobd Prmee, whofe natur- 
 rd tendefnefsdkd Compaffim, and 
 'whofe habitual Piety r endet'd. him fo a^ 
 Herfe to Ms of Cruelty could occa^dh 
 fo wide a MifGon^vuBkn tf his Beha- 
 % "^ *^ vtour 
 
 
 • • 
 
 i^,^Anthonf\^Mcf.(iop?m-^orJ^ 
 
 fm^ otherSJ^m^^^^^'P^'''^ ''^ 
 th^ M^f the'^^h'*» ^^'^ Cmjtm^ 
 ^ioHrafiG E N te Roi* M o N i^f^£)wks. and 
 flfe&<W!Wtf«r.^bn£H boo^, ^•'"> /^^v r_^ 
 ^^ what Ordenvf)f!Time to place m 
 memorable Conference, Mr. Lock doei 
 mt inform us: .^r. Echard relates tt 
 immediately after the Refufal 4 the 
 Government from the Parliament. But^ 
 whether it was before or after, (about^ 
 that Tme, n» doubts it happened, if 
 at all) it was prior to Sir John Gireen-' 
 ▼il'i Application to the G e n e R a l i 
 when the GeneraI ^i&owtfdhis.De- 
 fign af,refioringthsMnz,favmgivhat 
 he told Dr. Price prrvately at Cold- 
 f&cam. Now this Account of Mr. Lock 
 fuppofes, that the; GtN er a l ha^.^iven 
 
 I 
 
 1. 
 
 ■ .^' 
 
l^xxrv The Flwi t j© U ^s 
 
 Sir Anthony^ and the- r^ oftheCmat^ 
 
 he the Memmg of ibefollowingWards: 
 The Getieiral avembgfy that he ftood 
 firm to what hc^vvhad profeflfed to 
 them*: Here is an Jmonfiftrencf^never 
 to be reconcil'd^ and which explains the. 
 whale Intent of this piece of privute Hi- 
 Jiory. Sir Anthony wanted to have it 
 believedy that the Plan of the Reftora- 
 tion was laid by him, and that General 
 MoNKO^^i drawn into it by the Influence 
 of his Councils. 
 
 Bejides thefe Inconfijientiesy and De- 
 feBs in the Evidence which is to /up-- 
 port this FaB, the FaB it felf is im^ 
 probable. For though \ Mr. Eohsitd calk 
 thi^y The General's greateft Temp- 
 
 , f 
 
 f't 
 
 ii . 
 
 fpag-rfs: "*^^'i'Ps&7f7. 
 
 tation 
 
 ^^. Man woM^eff^of the ^<xver:fin 
 
 txf :« vKing'5 A^roffl^;^^- m, '-6h\mfvii»g 
 by ^^reigti Ptwftr^ "K^^ > dt^dful 
 ih^a^v Attempt of that hind would 
 have mited dl the feveml Imere^^m 
 the Kingdom agdrffi-'^heGz^^^At; 
 The RepaWicans, upon. the Strength i>f 
 thetr mfuperable Auerfion. to Monar- 
 chv . ^e J^oyalifts, m regard to their 
 •Milcr!s Inttre^. Evenhts o^Avmy 
 :was Bot fo united to him, -^rja 
 -Miufek\dev(fted to his- ImereB, bta 
 ^thaf u^^rmf Part afhh Ogiceri w^dd 
 
 Refolution j much kfs was it his De- 
 
 irafi wibrar -an Amiy to iii iiifpticit 
 
 Obedience to wjiatev:er Refolution he 
 
 ix Ihould 
 
 n 
 
Ixxxvi The E d i t or ^s 
 
 fhould think fit '\&)tskt, as mf^f^d 
 
 Complianct iviih hk^'Meafures^^j^ -ihe 
 Reftoration. Othdrivifi how eotdd^^is 
 Re^htiom'mthe^fny'ktc^ey as mr 
 douhtedhj iheywerie^y^^auo^d&rQu^s 
 of their Jealoufy (xfncerftimg-h'tm 1 How 
 tame they never to Writer tain the leaH 
 Imagmaiton of his having a Defign to 
 Jet up himfelf but only from the Tem- 
 per and Inclinations of his ^Army., which 
 they knew to he towards another Fer- 
 ■ fin 7 Before he began his March from 
 Scotland, the Scots, who, from their 
 Mfteem^ and Love for him, were the 
 rnofi likely to ferve him in fuch a Lkr 
 fign, offered to raife, and maintain at 
 thftir own Charge, /even thmfmd five 
 
 ?rr 
 
 ^m 
 
 ^\ 
 
 1 ». 
 
 * P«6' 71 f- 
 
 hundred 
 
 xept, though he^nmMm'^^hmm^^ 
 
 ■Jrm.confifieMm<^e tkmkm ^¥ 
 
 .Suppl^xm^P^^-^^^ fi^Seci^^l f^ 
 hh own S4epyi^.md.th RnA ^i,^^ 
 Ambition, if he had any fuch m P'jew, 
 can be refoked/mto nothing, hut his 
 extreme Caution, lefi he fhould ^ve oc- 
 cafton toju/peci, that he had any Ve- 
 fum of employing a foreign Afjifimce, 
 whereby he might enflave the Ncam, 
 ,md is abfolutely tmonfifient with the 
 Suppofttion of his intending to fet up 
 
 himfelf • 
 
 ^3u Upon the whole Matter: Whatever 
 political Reafons ?^^ General might 
 htwe for deltheratingy as Mr. Echard 
 
 ^4. ^""^ 
 
 ij- 
 
I 
 
 ixixvHi Thfe EBif^ifk's 
 
 Ay 
 
 fhrnild 
 
 the Government 'ai the Gift i>f the Par^ 
 liament, or forfeemmgio- comply with 
 the fame Propofal from- the French 
 Amhaff^dor-, according to- Mr. hocky 
 (which indeed I do mthdieve) there 
 is no Reafon to think he intended ei- 
 ther. ' ■ ■; 
 There is another RefleEiion upon his 
 CharaBer, which is equally groundlefs 
 with any of the foregoing onesy That 
 he was in his Inclinations for Presby- 
 
 teiy. . . . , ' 
 
 So far was he from being inclin'd to 
 
 Presbytery, ?/5?rt!/ when he was offer'dthe 
 
 Covenant, to qualify himfelf for his 
 
 firft CommiJ/ion under the Parliament^ 
 
 f Pag- 777' 
 
 
 Dr, 
 
 />r Gumble tells m; hec^fidted^ith 
 many learned M»V h^i^hrcouU^ 
 tisfj his Scrupks^tthm. thehawff^ 
 #TK^t E-nga^fmintr^^ prmcfpaltH" 
 Lnofw^^ ivas^'^hkfh^iko^^> 
 What Encouragmei^ he^m^ 
 byterians a Uule; before the m?^ 
 tion, was wholly polmcah a»^J^ 
 Reafons veryobtim. the reUofins 
 Carriage towards that People, ^)- 
 ally /;? Scotland, where^they ^ad*n¥ 
 Power y and thereby the befiO^f^ 
 nity of difcovering their Prtnciptes^ 
 Temper y befpeak hts Opimm of then^i 
 as alfo their avow' d Hatred towards 
 himy (which my Lord<:hittn66n tahs 
 particukr^Notice ofyin-aPaffageJ- 
 ready cited in- this Preface) ts aWM- 
 
 Hefsthat'^'^f^ 
 
 Friend either'io 4heir.G^e, or fh^r 
 
 rom, • ' '' o 
 
 But 
 
 ;- 
 
 I 
 
rv Butnik hk ,Spedk to //&fu Jando, 
 
 concemtMg fh^.'S^lement of th Km^ 
 
 donty he. >&ytf; Mfisdcrate, not rigid 
 
 Presbyterian^Gaverament fee«is Jbefl 
 
 adapted to^he IXA^^^.oi England.,^-, 
 
 Qccafiond Jrgum^ta^. e^prejfJMxm 
 
 /kch loafe and generalTermSy :ars vcf^' 
 
 uncertam Proofs of a Mattel Smir 
 
 ments. The General was m-mim 
 
 upon this Occafion from RepubhcQix 
 
 Principles 'y a«/^ « Common-weaitli lu 
 
 *^ Church, might agree well enomhy 
 
 perhaps hefi, with a Gommon-weakh 
 
 in the State. But a Parity of Orders 
 
 m the one, will not agree fo well 
 
 with a Subordination in the other ; Kor 
 
 the Difcipline o/vj? »Kark , . with the 
 
 Prerogative of.aXme^ Epifcopacy, 
 
 m hismofi a^ee<^k^^ ScriptwejAnd 
 
 primitive Jmiquity^ fp jt has .. hem , 
 
 and ever will be found the befi Miend 
 
 to 
 
 \\i, \\j 
 
 Pre FA c E. xa 
 
 fyff'of/hmePeof^D^ike of^t. Hm 
 --•dki they ifitff^rt and pengthen 
 
 fj^thevy and^hov) mUkely it ts, that 
 eitkr ofthemfkmldhngfubfift, f^pct- 
 ^raiehyy in^n^^^y^ leam unhap- 
 ptly from the Fate of Chaaies L 
 Like Saul and Jonathan they were 
 lovely in their Lives, and in their 
 Deaths they were not divided. 
 
 / fhall detain the Reader no longer 
 than while 1 give him a fhort Account 
 pf the Manufcript from whence the fol- 
 lowing Life was taken. 
 
 In the firfi Place, I muft affure the 
 Publicky That I have not altered the 
 Senfey or Exprpffion in any one Inr- 
 fiance throughout the Hifiory; except 
 . that J have in fome few Places, added 
 ■^^Word where H was neceffary to a 
 ' I Gramma" 
 
 ^1 
 
 11 
 
icii ..TheyJB BH-tri) R s 
 
 €>d^e -Book int^ Chapters and SeB'tmi^ 
 
 fortheReadet^sCmmif^cy' ^ ^'^^•'v^^- 
 7^ Gopywoi f&wfds^ the St*idy »f 
 Mr. Owen, late Cni<ate «? Bockm /« 
 Effex. i'hi^-e tra(fd ^ up, :hy n pm- 
 Jiable Traskt^n in that 'Ne'tghbrnrhosdj 
 n Dr. Skinner, who fivld at Colche- 
 ter and -was Phyfid'tanto the Dukexif 
 A L B E MA RLE, whejt reftdmg at New- 
 hall in Eifcx. ^ 
 
 / have fince compared it with j^fffe 
 of the DoBofs Bilk frm<iff the F^ 
 at Colchefter, .and ^mn the Simk- 
 tude of Handsy I believe it to be the 
 Doctor's own HandrWrhing. 
 
 After tJoe greatefi Part af pty Gfpy 
 
 ims frinted, Mr. Gt's^^y an etniftent 
 
 ^'j^othecaty in Colchdftet-, ^smsfekikd 
 
 as to fend me another Cop'^.^ whtch^nr- 
 
 ■•• . S> J 
 
 •t,. * 
 
 ^mi -literally -with mine^ md '»as 
 tmnfcrth^d by Mr. %^A^y- f^ri^^f'T 
 ReBor of St.]^rat%%^ ;» Coiiteftcr r 
 after, whofe Death it' feU intHh&Hmds 
 of. Mr. Great. .^preJum^Mhis Cop'^ 
 'wastranfcriyd; hy the Mhir's 6wfi> 
 DireBioHyforihe^^Prefs, kcaufe tthas^ 
 his Name, the Title, the Tear, the- 
 Plate, andPvtHtefs Name to it, whtch* 
 
 mine had not. ^ 
 
 The Reader, cannot but ohferve, thaf 
 
 the Author of this Bifiory mentions his 
 having wrote fomething of a like Na- 
 ture, though in another Language; 
 by which he certainly means i^wMotus' 
 
 CompofitL " 
 
 Anthony Wooih, iff hh Fafti O^ 
 
 xonienfes, Fol. //. Pag, 189. gwes^ 
 
 ^^ A.jj^i'*«tt j4cirafMt of ~ Dn Skin- 
 
 ner: 
 
 r ■'■ 
 
 « 
 
 .- t> 
 
 ,Y^ 
 
 cc 
 
 . I •> \ 
 
 Thomas 
 
€€ 
 
 xciv The Editor's 
 
 " Thmas Skimey\ bf St. Jdbffs 
 College;, 0/eford^\Tx^ adtually^ «f e- 
 ated EtoApr oif^Phyfick,' by Vir- 
 " tue of tKe Letters vdf the Chanccl- 
 " lor of the Univerfity, which fay, 
 " that he was for fome Time bred 
 " at Camhridge ,• but was forc'd to 
 " leave that Univerfity in the Tilnes 
 of Ufurpation, by Reafon of the 
 illegal Oaths, and other Impofi- 
 tions offered to him, whereby he 
 was prevented taking his Degree. 
 " And this Doftor hath added a third 
 Lat'm Part, which he calls Motm 
 Compofiti J afterwards tranflated in- 
 to Englijh by another Hand, with 
 a Preface by a Perfon of Qua- 
 
 There is a Collegian of Papers refer-^ 
 red to at Pag. 333. which J never 
 could get any account of 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 €C 
 
 €€ 
 
 CC 
 
 €€ 
 
 €€ 
 
 Q 
 
 Thit Epitaph upm\4be lktk^A.h^ 
 3hHAji%Ewas prinf^^^^t Jilf a l^^ 
 
 ingit may be aGCep^bk^ tOr iheiReader^ 
 
 Feb. n. iT^f. t 
 
 Hind-Courti 
 
 Fketftreet. 
 
 1- ^T^T. .^ 
 
 =H!lt^ 
 
 ■/■■■ 
 
 
 
 P„.^^,^ .■ 
 
 \<^'4 
 
 Y 
 
 ' C C ^ di~ ' 
 
 THE 
 
 M 
 
•^ I 
 
 « V. ■. 
 
 * ' I ^'n JL 
 
 i 
 
 » , ' 
 
 ^ 'r 
 
 t 
 
 Gen. Monk's Pedigree, xcvii 
 
 p. S. The following Account 0/ G e n e- 
 v^KLUoYna'sDefcentyivastakenotitofa 
 
 Pamphlet (lately commumcated to me) 
 prhted A. D. 16^9- ^nd I prefume 
 from the Date of it, the Deftgn of pub- 
 li/hinjL it at that Ttme was, to make 
 out a Title to the Crown, whfch they 
 were fo importunate with htm to accept 
 of. The Pamphlet is entitled. 
 The Pedigree and Defcent of his Ex- 
 cellency General George Monk: 
 Setting forth how he is defcended 
 from King Edward the Third, 
 by a Branch and Slip of the White 
 Rofe, the Houfe of Tork : And 
 likewife his Extradion from Rt- 
 chard King of the Romans, 
 
 Page 10. 
 « Frances, another Daughter and 
 « Coheir of the faid Arthur Plant age- 
 « net was married firft to John Bajfet 
 « in the County of Devon, by whom 
 <' fhe had Arthur Bajfet, Knight, ^c, 
 « She after married to Sir Thomas 
 « A/o«/^ of ?o//&w4^ in the aforelaid 
 ~- g County 
 
tcviiiGm Mon^'j^ Pedigree. 
 
 County of Devon ; hrhich Sir|7^^- 
 r?2as was the Son of Anthony ^ the 
 Son and Heir 6i Humphrey Monk of 
 PotheriJgk}^and-of his Wife Mary^ 
 Daughter and Cpheir of: lUj^ard 
 Champernoon in Cornwall by the 
 Daughter and Coheir of Sir John 
 Lumley^ Knight, and of his Wife 
 the Daughter and Coheir of Sir 
 Humphrey Talbot^ Knight; which 
 Richard Champernoon was Son to 
 
 '^ Ktchard^ Son of John^ third Son to 
 Rkhardy Son to Henry y Son to Tho- 
 masy Son of Richard and Joan his 
 Wife, Daughter and Heir of Ralph 
 Vautorty and of his Wife Joany 
 Daughter to Edmund Earl of Corn- 
 waly Son to/?ir^^r^Kingof the/2<?- 
 rnam: Sir Tljomas Monk aforefaid 
 had Iffue, Anthony Monky firft Son^ 
 (and fev^ral Other Children) from 
 whom is deicetided-^(^^^ Monky 
 Lord of Poth&idgey ^and at this 
 
 ^* Time the famous and moft renown- 
 
 
 €C 
 
 fC 
 
 <t 
 
 *Cf 
 
 i< 
 
 cc 
 
 It 
 
 a 
 
 CQ 
 
 cc 
 
 a 
 
 ii 
 
 %i 
 
 ii 
 
 €i 
 
 CC 
 
 <C 
 
 a 
 
 li*. 
 
 xc 
 
 ^^ ed General: 
 
 H 
 
 THE 
 
 
 ■'^"' 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 1 
 
 
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 l^m^^ 
 
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 t ^» ' /- »'--'' -Sin^^^^^ j^ '^f^* 
 
 
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 f -f ^iTMij^g ^gB|^[^ 
 
 
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 ^^^^njE^^^ 
 
 ^1 
 
 ^^ffiSSMMyi^nHH^HS^s 
 
 W'^ji^jm^^^^^A 
 
 1 
 
 THE 
 
 . - / 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 1 
 
 A U T HO p^ 
 
 1 
 
 ■n D TU T? A 
 
 n/t^Ji 
 
 
 Have heretofore publiihed 
 fomething of a like Nature with ' 
 the following Sheets, (tho* in 
 another Language) wherein fcr 
 
 veral Things, through want ol" 
 
 better Information, were imperfe% dCr 
 fcribed; yet the fair and charitable Recepr 
 tion it met with from . the Readers, has 
 not only encowagcd m^e to entertain them a- 
 gain with the enfuing Relation, but has e- 
 qually o\MA me to make him fome Amends 
 by a more corre<a and calarg'd Account of 
 •' , B tbofe 
 
 vi 
 
 li: 
 
 \\ 
 
I t 
 
 I . 
 
 I I 
 
 i I 
 
 i 
 
 % The A u T H o r'5 
 
 tliofe things, concerning which I was then ei- 
 ther miftaken, of defed:ive. 
 
 Yet if any Man thinks, he ha^Reafbn to 
 admire at my Attempt in writiog the Life and 
 A(5lions of the late E>uke of Albemarle^ I 
 ihall meet him with a jufter Wonder, that 
 this Province bad not been undertaken by 
 fbme other Hand ; and that whilfl: the Lives 
 of feveral lefs confiderable or fubordinate Per- 
 Ibns have been defervedly written, we find 
 fo Uttle ( * except an hafty and loofe Account 
 pubhfhcfd to lerve a private Occafion ) record- 
 ed of this great IhJIaurator. But whilft 
 fbme (by the Benefy: of his Prudence and 
 Succefs) have had fo great Leifure, and o- 
 thers fo great Obligations, theHiftory and A- 
 d:ions of this illuftrious Perfbn have ( for ten 
 Years fince his. Death) lain altogether neg- 
 lecfied and pafled over in Silence. 
 
 Th I s Dilregard towards his Memory does 
 loudly arraign the Ingratitude of this Age, 
 and is a Sort of new Eanaticifin, iiicceflive to 
 the former, which he had io fortunately fup- 
 prefs'd ; by which we are become as much E- 
 fiemies to his Glory, as the Committee of 
 Safety or Rum^ Parliament were to his De- 
 
 * The Lijfe of General Monk by Dr, Gamble. 
 
 figns^ 
 
 PRE FACE. t 
 
 figns, or Scot and Cobbet to his Perfon. Pb- 
 fterity wUl blufli ^txA wonder, to find no o- 
 ther Mdfiument of him than ^M^& Effigy 
 in a t'reft at tV^ftminfim to whiSfe Fame and 
 Memory, in elde/'ib^ more gratfefol TfmeSj 
 Temples saA AXMk ^om have been ere<a- 
 
 And now this Attempt of gathering a 
 few rough Stones towards his Monument, 
 being Men to my Share j I am very fen- 
 fibie, that in defcribing the Fortune and 
 Adions of the T>uke of Albemarle, I muft 
 alfo encounter all his Enemies, and run o^ 
 ver the whole Series of his Adventures again 
 from Colefiream to London: Yet whilft I 
 am employed in this Service, I efteem my 
 felf ftili under the Protedion of the Sword, 
 and the wife and ailfpicious Conduft of that 
 
 great General. .a 
 
 Box that I have undertaken his Hiftory* 
 who was iiever concern'd in any of his A- 
 etioDSi arid had the Honour to know him 
 only in the latt Years of his Life ; I reckon it 
 a very little and unequal Exception againft 
 me, fince I am fute no Hiftories have been 
 worie written than by thofe who had fome 
 Share in the Anions they relate; hor better, 
 than by others who were unconcern'd, and 
 
 B X took 
 
 4 
 
 . « 
 •i 
 
 V 
 
 >« 
 
• )^ 
 
 ' 1 
 
 |l 1 
 
 ■'' 
 
 e 
 
 ■ 
 
 i I 
 
 4 The Avrno^'s 
 
 took their Aim at a Diftance. For though 
 the former may be prefumcd to have a more 
 diftina: and perfed KnotKl€<^c of things, yet 
 &ch Writers have always had feme body 
 whom they fear'd to difplcafe, and others 
 whom they were oblig'd to dignify ; befides 
 an infeparable Humour of worlcii^ in fome 
 Bttle A<aions of their own, which have fcarce 
 ever been fo decently inferted, but that they 
 have put fome Shadow or Difadvantage up- 
 en the Luftre of the chief Ador. Upon 
 this Account many are the trifling PafTages 
 of Thilij> de Qomines^ which would never 
 have been mentioned by any Writer but him- 
 felf, who had adtcd fome Part in thofe times. 
 And that I may not trouble the Reader with 
 remoter Inftances, the Accounts that are al- 
 ready ertant of this great Perfon, whom we 
 are now defcribing, and drawn by fuch as 
 flood fomewhat nearer to the Scene of his A- 
 aions, are (to fay nothing harder) a, very 
 particular and convincii^ Argument, that fuch 
 Perfons are not always the fitteft to relate 
 
 them. '•» * ■ V- .•.-■'' 
 
 Yet in Matters of this Nature tip(c^?^'V?<?- 
 tor Cafar muft always ibe,c^ptcA,who was 
 a very extraQrdinfu^.JBptfon at hi^i^o^ as 
 wcU as his Sword, ^d wrote his own A- 
 
 ^ions 
 
 PREFACE. s 
 
 aions and Encounters as r«?ilarly as he 
 
 fought them- 
 
 On the other fide, Liyy has given us the 
 Hiftory of the Roman Commonwealth and 
 Confulary Times with the greater Eica^toeft 
 and Eloquence V :and Tacitus has deferibd 
 the Imperiai Government with the deeper 
 Judgment and Refearch; yet thefeft was co- 
 eval to the laft Parr of his own "Decad, but 
 died under the Empire : And the other was 
 an Infant at the End of his own JnnaU, and 
 but of Years fit to write about the Tune 
 which concludes his Hiftory: So that neither 
 of them wrote from any particular Know- 
 ledee of their own, but both of them had a 
 great Induftry to colled Relations, an equal 
 Judament in chufing the beft, and perhaps 
 fome particular and concealed Advantages for 
 Information. That moft fteady and exem- 
 plary Writer of Lives, Tlutarch, never few 
 the Faces of any of thofe brave Greeks and 
 Romans whom he dcfcribed, who were all m 
 their Urns and Aflies many Years before his 
 
 Time. . „, . 
 
 The Hiftory of the Belgtc War is Tcry 
 
 juftly efteeroed one of the moft abfolute and 
 
 compleat Draughts of modern Story ; y« we 
 
 find noti that the Author Strada was ever 
 
 / P 3 nearer 
 
 > 'I 
 
 \ 
 
 » 
 
 r. 
 
 ■■■^' 
 
S The Author'5 
 
 nesatt F/anders than his College at Rome; 
 but drew all thofe feir and exad Lines from 
 the Letters, and Memorials, and other Infor- 
 mations of the Prince of Tarma. 
 
 In v^hich Advantage we pretend to fome 
 Parallel with that great Author, having had 
 •the Opportunity to perufe a great, Part of 
 thofe Papers refcued from the Fire in London^ 
 befides other Memorials and MSS. relating 
 to the Time and Adions we defcribe. We have 
 had alfo the Privilege of frequent and par- 
 ticular Difcourfe and Information from more 
 Perfons of Honour and Quality than were 
 immediately concern'd or employ'd in the 
 principal Affairs of that Age, fo that the 
 Reader may believe we have written with 
 Ibme convenient Light by us. 
 
 And whereas fevcral Pafl^es are herein 
 mentioned, that ferve only to continue the 
 Order ^nd Connexion of our Story ; I have 
 not held my felf oWig'd to defcribe them 
 more particularly than was ncceflary for that 
 End, referving oqr principal Care and Exad:- 
 nefs for thofe Affairs in which the Duke of 
 Aibmark was moft efpecially concern'd. 
 
 In thofe Inftances which the Wifdom of 
 the State has thought fit to conceal, we have 
 not prefumed to make too near an Approach, 
 
 • or 
 
 PR E FACE. y 
 
 or pry too inquifitiyely into tiie Art of Go- 
 v^nment; nor in doubtfol P^fTages to amufe 
 our Reader with bold and prefumptous Con- 
 je<aures: But in all Particulars ( r^^^^vrng <>ur 
 AUegiance to the Supremacy of Truth ) havp 
 endelvour'd to make the befl of our owa 
 Age, being fu^ that the fucceedmg <whea 
 we have dine all we can ) will not fad to piy 
 us home with Satyr and Reftex.on. , 
 
 But though I have given my Reader fome 
 Account of fuch Advantages, as came mniy 
 Way for compiling this Worki and have made 
 him privy to my Aim and Method ^n -the 
 ManLmeat of it, yet I efteem my felf ob- 
 lio'd to acknowledge to him^my many other 
 pLcular Defers; and to aSk P^don of this 
 Age, andofPofterity alfo, that being placed 
 in the Vale of a low and private Life, 1 have 
 adventured to draw the great Lines of a Per- 
 fonthat ftoodfo high; ^I'O'.f ^^7^'J.^; 
 glcd out by the fuprem. Providence for g^a 
 !nd extraordinary Performances; fo he was 
 M none o'f the ordinary Produdions 
 of God's Hand, but a very fubljme and fm- 
 aular Peifon, fiU'd with all thofe Qualities and 
 Indowments. which were neceflary to ac- 
 compUfti thofe great-Thii^s tox^feichhcwas 
 
 defigned. ^ ^e 
 
 
S The AuTHoK'^ PREFACE. 
 
 He bad Prudence fofficient tx) difcern or 
 fruftratc all the Arcs and Convivan^e^ of the 
 Crafty; a Courage that; w^. not .to. ic eu- 
 countred by the bolckft R^s, or Oppofers 
 of his Allegiance ; a„(^liberate .Patience in 
 chufing the true Meafui?e.s ^d Mintitesr,pf bis 
 ^finefs; and an impregnable Silence, by 
 which he kept himfelf and his Purpcfes in the 
 dark to his Enemies, and left no Track be- 
 hind hiftx. : . 
 
 All which, with the particular Anions of 
 his Lifc^ we have efldeavour'd ( with greater 
 Faithftilncfs than Ability ) to defbribe in the 
 cnfiiihg Story, that the Reader may firft in- 
 form his Knowledge in the ftupendous Con- 
 trivance of his Majefty^s Reftauration, and 
 anew confirm his pwn Allegiance by {o great 
 an Example. 
 
 As to the Truth of Things, (efpedally in 
 the main Point of this Hiftory) it Ihall be 
 anfwer'd for by my lelf ; but for my;manifold 
 Defeds in the Method or Language, I mud 
 be enforced to lean fomewhat hard upon the 
 charitable Opinion and Indulgence of my 
 Reader, 
 
 THE 
 
 T H E 
 
 . 1 
 
 •" > 
 
 
 f.Tr 
 
 O F 
 
 :-.* *- 
 
 General MONK. 
 
 ' C H A P. I 
 
 I. His Births and fome Account €mei;ntng 
 - the Circumftant^s of his Family. \ U.Zhe 
 • Occajion of 4 moft bdfe Indignity offefd ta 
 his Father^ Sir Thomas Monk. IIL He 
 refents it after a manner that obliges his 
 Father to fend him fooner into Spain than 
 he otherwife intended^ under the Com- 
 mand 
 
 4 
 
 '•Ji 
 
10 The LI F E of 
 
 piand of Sir ^ich^A Greenvil, his Rela- 
 tion, IV. The next Tear he goes in the 
 Expedition to the IJle of Rhee, and is 
 Stnade an Enjign. V. Teace being conclud- 
 ed with France, he repairs^ in the Earl of 
 OxfordV Regimenty to ferve in the fit- 
 therlands : Is afterwards removed under 
 the Command of Lord Goring, and made 
 Captain of his own Company, VI. His 
 QonduB in that Service. Y\l, J memorable 
 A£f oflnjujiice done to him at Dort; up- 
 on which he generotifly throws up his 
 Commiffion, VIII. His Return to England 
 upon the frji Beginning of the Scotch Re- 
 hellion^ with the true Grounds of it, 
 
 EORG E, Duke of Albe- 
 marky was born at Tothe- 
 ridge mT>ev6nJhire on Tuef 
 day the 6'^ of T>ecember^ in 
 the Year 1608. In his Youth 
 he was brought up at School in the Coun- 
 try, rcfiding fometimes with his Father, fome- 
 .times with his Grandfather by the Mother's 
 Side, Sir George Smith, who was alfo his 
 Godfather, Being a younger Brother, and 
 the Eftate of the Family fomewhat m De- 
 clenfion, he ^was dcHgned to make his For. 
 
 tunc 
 
 General Monk. h. 
 
 tune by the Sword, and ta be Tent to the 
 Wars abroad, beings not. yet full feventeen 
 Years of Age. TaV^hich ^Employment he 
 was hafteny fome\(^Kat fooncr than his 
 Friends intended ,'^?by^ an Accident, which, 
 though it be fofficiently known, yet, being 
 the firft publick Adventure of his L|fe, wt 
 will not omit the Relation of it. 
 
 King James being newly dead, and the 
 Bufmefs oi ihtTalatinate growing now deC^ 
 perate,,and the Spanijh Match broken of^ 
 in fuch fort as feem'd to threaten a War with 
 that Crown, and which'v^as alfo voted in 
 Parliament; His Majefty, CA4f^^/^J• I. among 
 other Inftances of his Care, vifits thofe Part^ 
 of his Kingdom which lay moft diredly op- 
 pofite to Spainr to take a V;ew'of the Con- 
 dition of his Navy, and upon that Account 
 came as far as Tlimouth in'Devofpfhire.whcrc 
 the Gentry, according to their Duty, were 
 making ready to attend him. Among the 
 reft Sir Thomas Monk ( wjio was always a 
 very confiderable fteribn in the publick Af- 
 fairs of the County) refolv'd to be prefent. 
 But knowing there were feveral Encum- 
 brances left by his Father upon the Eftate, 
 and that he might be obnoxious to fome 
 Judgment or Statute againft hjm, he firft fent 
 
 his 
 
 
XI ,ne LIFE of 
 
 bis Son George to the Under-ShcrifF of the 
 County, defiling that he might with Liberty 
 and Freedom attend upon his Majefty, upon 
 this publick Occafion, now entring the Coun- 
 ty : And for {o great refped ftiew'd him, 
 that he would accept the Gratuity he had fent 
 Jum by hi$ Son. the Attorney acknow- 
 ledged Sir Thomas Monk\ Defire to be at that 
 Time very fair and reafonable, accepted the 
 Prefcnt, and promifed him Security. Yet, 
 notwithflanding, afterwards he found it his 
 Intercft to arreft the Perfon of Sir Thomas 
 Monk upon an Execution, in the moft pub- 
 lick Place of the County where they were, 
 at their Convenience, to receive his Majefty. 
 
 n.THE Villany of this treacherous A<5tion 
 was n^t fo deeply refented by Sir Thomas 
 himfelf as by his Son George, infomuch that 
 he fought out the next Opportunity to meet 
 the Under-SherifF at Exeter, where, having 
 cxpoftulated the Indignity of the Adion, he 
 cffedually cudgel'd him for his Perfidy. The 
 Courage of the Attorney was much at the 
 rate of his Honefty ; but being a Retainer to 
 the Law, he expeded the Law Ihould vindi- 
 cate him; and to that End was making rea- 
 dy his working Tools, to reckon with the 
 yqitng Gentleman for the Battery. ' W, 
 '* 3 
 
 General Mo-nk. 15 
 
 IIL This Accident led his Father to fend 
 him abroad fomewhat fooner than he had in- 
 tended. And the Voy^e for Cadizi in Sfain 
 being then defigned, he was committed to 
 the Care of a near Relation, Sir Richard 
 Greeuvil/i who had Command in that Ex-. 
 pedition. This was the firft Tryal he was 
 to make of that Profeflion he intended to fol- 
 low, and which proved fo unhicky as might 
 well have difcourag'd a new Beginner. For 
 the Expedition, through many Mifadventures 
 of Wind and Weather, and other unfortunate 
 Accidents, befides a contagious Sicknefs in 
 the Navy, proving unfuccefsful, the Fleet re- 
 turn'd about the End of the Year home to 
 Tlitmuth, and this our young Soldier with it. 
 
 IV. The foUowingYear began the War with 
 France^ upon Caufes fufficiently known. And 
 in the Expedition to the Ifle of Rhee and 
 Rochelht accomp«iyM 5ir John Burroughs. 
 In the Voy^e to Sjl^ain he had ferved only 
 as a private Soldier, but now he was made 
 Enfign^ivk this Voyage to the Ifle oiRhee% it 
 is not -ealy to fay which were greater, the 
 Misfortunes of the J^ngiijh^ or their Cou- 
 rage. .But in lefs than^tx^o Ypars time the 
 Roche Iters ^ for whiofe S^Ci the W?r was un- 
 . . • dertakcn. 
 
 li'l 
 
 I 
 
14 The LIFE of 
 
 deit^ken, lubmitting to their oWn King, 'Shd 
 t lie Crowns of England and France^ by the 
 Mediation of the State oiVemce^coMn^ to an 
 Agreement, he came back from Rhee 1628. 
 ind the next Year (bdng now ii Years of 
 Age ) he went into the Low Countries. 
 
 V. E NG L AND being now at Peace with her 
 Neighbours, and having no Occafion for 
 Men of the Sword, the Enfign Monk betook 
 himfelf to the great Seminary of Wai? and 
 warlike Men^ the Vnited IProvincesy where 
 he was firft entertained in the Regiment of 
 the Earl of Oxford: And after fome Years 
 was removed into the Command of the Lord 
 Goringj and made Captain of his own Com- 
 pany, not being yet arrived to the 30'^ Year 
 of his Age*^« 
 
 VI. 1m this Sei^vice he did not, like a young 
 Captain, retain his Commiflion as a Warrant 
 for Luxury and Extravagance, but in earned 
 minded the Bufmefs of a Soldier, informing 
 himfelf duly in all the Methods and Arts of 
 War, being prefent at moft of the great Adli- 
 ens that happen'd, during his almoft ten Years 
 Continuance in that Employment. 
 
 VILIn 
 
 General Monk. ij 
 
 Vll. In the laft Year of his Service to that 
 State (the Bufmefs of the Summer being o- 
 ver ) he had his Winter Quarters aflign'd him 
 at^ort: Where there happen'd a Difference 
 between him and, the J^urghers, upon this 
 Occafion. Some of his Soldiers had commit- 
 ted Difbrders in the Town, for which he was 
 ready and fevere enough to have puniih'd 
 them according to Martial Difcipline.^ But the 
 imperious Burgher-Mafters would take the Bu- 
 finels under their own Cognizance, pretending 
 they could allow no Authority in their own 
 Liberties equal to, or diftind from their 
 own. And this proceeded at laft to {6 great 
 a Quarrel, that the Matter was brought to 
 the hearing of the Prince of Orange : Who, 
 though he had lately in the fame Inftance, 
 given his Judgment for Sir Richard Cave^ yet 
 was now fb far prevailed upon to favour rather 
 the Authority of tht Burghers -^ and Captain 
 Monk was forc'd to exchange his Quarters at 
 ^ort for worfe in a meaner Place. The Circum- 
 ftances of this ill Ufage fb greatly difbbhg'd 
 him, who, under a plain and moderate Beha- 
 viour, carry *d great and generous Spirits; that 
 he quickly after threw up his Commiflion, dif^ 
 daining to expofe himfelf any longer in the 
 Service of an ingrateful Common- wealth. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 N: 
 
 L.;-, 
 
 \ .* 
 
i6 The LIFE of 
 
 VIII. From Holland he returned back to 
 England ^howi the 30^*^ Yeat of his Age, about 
 the Time that the firft Scotch War began, 
 A War never to be remembered Without Hor- 
 ror and Deteftation, as being the Prelude, by 
 the Succefs and Advantage of it, to th? Re; 
 bcllion m Ireland, and'to the long and bloo- 
 dy Civil War that prefently after foUow'd in 
 England, This Rebellion in Scotland was 
 fomented by fome of the Nobility of the 
 Kingdom, to avoid refunding back to the 
 Church the Lands they had in the Minority 
 of King James alienated ; by the infolent 
 Clergy, to withdraw themfelves from Sub- 
 jedion to their Bijhops^ and by the Teofle, 
 through a certain Sottiihnefs of Nature, and 
 a depraved Education. From France it was 
 fupported by the Cardinal Richlieu, who 
 fent private Emiflaries over, to advife and 
 encourage them, and thereby was revenged 
 on King Charles I. for aiding the Rochellers, 
 From England it had the Approbation and 
 good Wifties of all the "Puritans and Non- 
 conformiftsj who abetted the Diflenfions of 
 Scotland, as a Support to the Common Caufe, 
 or a Place, if there might be Occafion, of Re- 
 treat. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 17 
 
 I He is made Lieutenant-Colonel in the 
 Expedition againft the Rebels in Scot- 
 land\ his ConduSi and Bravery in that 
 Expedition. II. A Treaty at Rippon 
 
 * with the Scots, too favourable and ad- 
 vantageous to thofe Rebels, III. Earl of 
 Lcicefter made Lord Lieutenant of Ire- 
 land. IV. Lieutenant Colonel yionk at- 
 tends him thither, and is made Colonel of 
 his own Regiment. V. His Services a- 
 gainji the Rebels about Dublin, recommend 
 him to the Government of that City. VI. 
 The Incur Jion of the Scots into England. 
 
 VII. Which caufed a Ceffation with the 
 Iriih Rebels, and obliged the King to re- 
 call ^^^ Englifli Army to his AJJi fiance. 
 
 VIII. Colonel Monk returns with them^ 
 but is fufpeBed, as being the Earl ofLtv- 
 cefterV Colonel, to favour the ^arlia-- 
 ment; and, upon that Suspicion, ordered 
 to be fecured atBxAoli Lord H^wlcy^ 
 Governor of that Tlace, permits him to 
 go upon his Carole to the King at Oxford, 
 to whom he is introduced by Lord Digby. 
 JX. The King, in regard to the great Re^ 
 putation which he had acquired in the 
 
 C Army J 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 "ill 
 
 ■; J' 
 
 
ig rhe LIFE of 
 
 Army, admits him to a private Conference 
 ^j,ith his Majejiy, X. His Opinion con^ 
 cerning the State of the King's Army 
 there, which he declares to the King, who 
 makes him Major General to the Irifli Bri- 
 gade, He is taken Trifoner by Sir Tho- 
 mas Fairfax. A Character of Sir Thomas. 
 And of how great Importance Major Ge- 
 neral Monk was thought by the Tarlia- 
 tnenty who remove him from Hull to the 
 Tower (?/ London. XI. His Father, Sir 
 Thomas Monk, dies, and leases him an 
 Annuity, Obfiacles to his Releafe from 
 his Imprifonment. XII. The King pri- 
 vat ely fends him aiool XllLTheTarlia- 
 ment propofed, by his long Imprifonment, 
 to gain him over to their Side, A favou- 
 rable Occafionfor his Enlargement, XIV. 
 Tloe Motives upon which he accepted a 
 Commijfion to ferve againji the Rebels in 
 Ireland, under the Lord LiHc, with whom 
 he returned to England. 
 
 1. /^ AP T A I N Monk had, by his long Stay 
 
 ' \^ in the Kether land's War, brought 
 
 home the Reputation of a good Soldier; and 
 
 at the Recommendation of the Earl of Lei- 
 
 ceRer, to whom he was ally'd, was placed 
 
 Lieutenant 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 19 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel to the Regiment of the 
 Earl oi Newport, who was then General of 
 the Ordnance. Both thofe Northern Expedi- 
 tions had but little Aftion in.them; But at 
 Newborn, after the Scots prefTed hard upon 
 his Quarters^ with very few Men, and left 
 Ammunition, he io lined the Hedges with 
 his Firelocks, and brought off the Ordnance 
 with that Bravery and Condud, that none of 
 all the Scotch Regiments had the Courage or 
 Confidence to impede his Retreat. And when 
 the Earl of Strafford, General of the Army, 
 moved the King, inftead of treating further 
 with liich infblent Rebels, to give him Leave 
 to charge them: Lieutenant Colonel Monk 
 was one of thofe few that earneftly urged a 
 Battle, and gave very good Reafons for the 
 Security of the Event : And was many times 
 afterwards heard to difcourfe it with a parti- 
 cular Indignation, that lb brave a Force of 
 Horfe and Foot, able to have reduced a bet- 
 ter Army than the Covenanters could raife, 
 and another Kind of Kingdom than Scotland^ 
 Ihould be Ho bafely betrayed and baffled by 
 thofe, who had their Influence upon, or be* 
 trayed the Counfels of the late King. 
 
 IL But this War ending at lafl: in aXre^ tS^ 
 
 C z tjp 
 
 
 r.: 
 
 
 A 
 
I 
 
 ^o Tk LIFE of 
 
 ty begun at RiJ^pftj with fo much Advantage 
 to the Covenanters; who, for this their Scotch 
 Rebellion, were paid with Eftgli/hMoncy.p^r- 
 don'd and carefs'd by the King and Generals, 
 thank'd by their Party in England-, the great 
 Succefs thereof gave iiew Encouragement to 
 the long-defign'd Rebellion in Ireland to 
 1641 break out, OBober x3, 1641. Which was the 
 more confidently attempted by the Death of 
 the great Earl o? Straford.thm fealbnably de- 
 (IroyM by the Malice of a Fadibn, whofe Pow- 
 €r and Policy was only dreadful to the Irijh, 
 
 III. To obviate thefe growing Evils in 
 Ireland, the Earl of Leicepr was both by 
 King and Parliament (then fitting) agreed up- 
 on as a fit Perfon to fucceed in the Lieute- 
 nancy of that Kingdom, after the Death of 
 the late Earl of Strafford: And Forces alfo 
 were voted to be rais'd mEngland for the War. 
 
 IV. In this Service Lieutenant Colonel 
 Monk was appointed by the Earl o( Leice- 
 pr to be Colonel of his own Regiment, 
 which, with the other Forces, was not fent 
 into Ireland for fome while after. All thofe 
 Supplies being much retarded, through thofe 
 lealoufies which then began to arife between 
 
 the 
 
 General Monk. %% 
 
 the King and his ( then long and fatal) Par- 
 liament : So that much of the Money rais'd 
 here • for carrying on the War againft the 
 Rebels in Ireland was, by the Parliament, 
 employ'd in their own Civil War in England. 
 And many of the Soldiers, at firft lifted for 
 Irijh Service, were engaged in the Army of 
 the Earl of Epx. But though the Englijh 
 Forces were at laft fent over, yet the Earl of 
 Leicepr never went to his Government, 
 difcouraged either by the Fate of the Earl of 
 Strafford, or the ill Condition of t;he IriJh 
 Affairs ; which the War in England, then in 
 Profped, was like to make worfe. The Earl 
 of Ormond was in the interim appointed by 
 him Lieutenant General of the Engliff^ Axmy 
 in his Abfence, and his Commiflion was ^Jib 
 confirm'd by the King, 
 
 V. Against this Rebellion,^ which was 
 fo far advanced before the March of the 
 Englifl? Aids, Colonel Monk did very good 
 Service in and about T^ublin : Inlomuch 
 as the Lords Juftices thought him to be the 
 f)XX.e&. Man to be Governor of that City, 
 
 VI. But whilft Colonel Monkj and thole 
 other Forces in Ireland^ were fbcnuoufly 
 
 C 3 carrying 
 
 if:. 
 
 
 J 
 
 ■^1 
 
 i 
 
 r|, 
 
 itl* 
 
^^ the LIFE of 
 
 carrying on the War ^ainft the Rebels there, 
 the Civil War in England between the King 
 and Parliament began, and had fo far pre- 
 vailed with fome Advantage on the King's 
 Side, that the Parliament began to think of 
 calling in the Aid of the Scots, who, fomc 
 while after, very readily trufs'd up their 
 Trinkets and Covenant, and in Shoals came 
 marching into England, zealous for their 
 1643 Common Caufe and Plunder. To balance in 
 fome Meafure this foreign Aid from Scotland, 
 his Majefty was enforced, by the Counfel of 
 Neceflity, to aflent to a Ceflation with the 
 Irijh Rebels, and recall the Englijh Army 
 to his own Affiftance at home, fome whereof 
 were landed at Weft-Chefter, others at Bri- 
 
 VII. With thefe Officers and Regiments 
 QoXond Monk, according to his Duty, return- 
 ed alfo into England. But at the Return of 
 thefe Raiments the more loyal Party in the 
 Kingdom had fome Diftruft of the Earl's Of- 
 ficers, and particularly of Colonel Monk, be- 
 . ing his own Colonel, fo that it was fufpeared 
 at his Return into England, he would ra- 
 ther ferve the Parliament than the King. At 
 his Anival therefore at Brifioh there were 
 ' . Orders 
 
 General Monk. 23 
 
 Orders lent ftom the Marquils of Ormond, 
 and from the Lord T>igi>y, then Secretary of 
 State at Oxford, direded to the Lord Haw- 
 ley, who was then Governor of Brijiol, to 
 Iceurc Colonel Monk till further Order. Up- 
 on his Arrival the Lord Hawley acquainted 
 Colonel Monk with the Order he had receiv'd. 
 Colonel Monk reprelented to him the unjuft 
 and malicious Suspicion that had been upon 
 him ; that he was return'd into England with 
 no other Refolution but to ferve his Ma- 
 jefty. 
 
 VIII. The Lord Hawley was fo well ac- 
 quainted with Colonel Monk^ that he knew 
 him to be a Perfon not only of Courage, but 
 of Integrity and Honefty, and that would 
 not falfify his Word : So that inftead of fecu- 
 ring him at Brijiol^ his Lordlhip took his 
 Parole to go diredly to the King at Oxford^ 
 and fent Letters by him to the Lord T>igbyy 
 Secretary of State; who was fo well fatisfy'd 
 concerning him, that he introduc'd him to 
 his Majefty in the Lodgings at Chrifi-Church. 
 
 fii- 
 
 IX. By this Time Colonel Monkj through 
 his long Service in the Netherland's War, 
 and his Adion upon the Scots^ and now oi 
 
 C 4 late 
 
 * ] 
 
 if! 
 
 * 
 
 ,( 
 
1 
 
 14 The LI FE of 
 
 late againft the Ir'tjh, brought with him to 
 Oxford the Reputation of an extraordinary- 
 Courage and Condud : Inlomuch as his Ma- 
 jefty then thought it worth the Time to have 
 fome private Conference with him, in order 
 to the Profecution of the War. 
 
 X. Colonel Monk in his flrort Stay at 
 Oxford, had quickly obferved the Condition 
 of the King's Army there, that they were 
 Men of Courage and Bravery enough, but 
 the DifcipHne was much more remifs than he 
 had obferved in the Armies abroad. There- 
 upon he took the Boldnefs to tell his Ma- 
 jcfty, that a Icfs Army under greater Dif- . 
 ciplinc, would be lufficient to manage the 
 War, and that the only Way to make his 
 Army fuperior to his Enemies was, to equal 
 them in military Diicipline. His Majefty 
 could better difcern the Defeds in his Forces 
 than amend them at prefent ; but there was 
 fo much Reafon and Truth in what Colonel 
 Monkhad diicours'd, that it pleas'd his Majefty 
 to command him into Chefter. And becaufe 
 upon the former Sufpicion of him, his Regi- 
 ment was already given to Colonel Warren that 
 had been his Major ; his Majefty was pleas'd 
 to entruft him with a Commiffion to be Ma- 
 jor 
 
 General Monk. ^% 
 
 jor General to the Iriflo Brigade. At his Ar- 
 rival there he found the Lord. Byron, whp 
 commanded in Chief over the, Iri/h Regi- 
 ments, had beCeged Nantwiuhy then gar- 
 rifbn'd for the Parliament. To whofe Rcr 
 lief Sir Thomas Fairfax^ who, for his Coiir 
 rage and Experience, was certainly the bcft 
 Man at Arms ia the Parliament's Service;, 
 made fuch Hade out of Torkjloire^ as he 
 wholly furpriz'd the Irijh Brigades, tailed 
 the Siege, and, among other Officers, took 
 Colonel Monk Prifoner, and for the prefent 
 fecured him in Hull. The Value of this Per- 
 foa could no more be conceal'd from the 
 Parliament than it had been from the King. 
 His Courage againft the ScoU-^ and how 
 roimdly he had gone to wotik. with the Rebels 
 in Ireland^ were too late Acftions to be pre* 
 fently forgot. And befides, Sir Thomas Fair fax^ 
 who had the Fortune to furprize bim, and fe* 
 veral other Low-Country Officers in the Pai>- 
 liaraent Service, had known him very wcU 
 abroad, and made their Mafters quickly 
 underftand that Colonel MGnk\v2LS a Mau 
 worth the making. The Parliament tbeie- 
 fore (who had refolved not haftily to ex- 
 change him) commanded his removal froixi 
 Hull^ and fecured him in the Tower of Lon- 
 don, XL And 
 
 It 
 
 \\\ 
 
 
 'i\ 
 
 « 
 
 ^f 
 
 ■•b 
 
^6 The LIFE of 
 
 XI. And here begins the paffive Scene of 
 this Gentleman's Life, without which Ingrc^ 
 4ient, no eminent Virtue was ever raifed in 
 the World. He had brought little with him 
 into England^ except his Sword and his Li- 
 berty, and now he has loft both. The Par- 
 liament had provided him Houfc-room, which 
 he would have rhank'd them to have kept 
 for themfelves ; but for his other Accommo- 
 dations, he was enforced to be his own Ste- 
 w^ard. Some while before his Confinement, 
 and to make his Prifon the more eafy to him, 
 liis Father, the good old Knight, Sir Thomas 
 Monk died, 1643. leaving him, a younger 
 Broths, (according to the Cuftom of England 
 in the ieft FamiHes) a fmall Annuity for his 
 Life, Which, in the Commotions of that 
 County, at {o great a Diftance, was ill paid 
 him ; His elder Brother, who had the Eftate^ 
 being on the King's Side engaged in the 
 War, which before this Time had reach'd as 
 far as the remoter Counties of IDevon and 
 Cornwall, By thefe Accidents he was pre- 
 vented of feafonable SuppHes from his Rela- 
 tions. And his Intereft at Oxford (where h? 
 made a fliort Stay) was not fuch that he 
 could exped to be fuddenly enlarged by an 
 Exchange ; there being fo many other Offi- 
 cers 
 
 General Monk. 27 
 
 cers and Perfons of Quality in the fame Con- 
 dition with himfelf, who had powerful Friends 
 at Court, that expedled to be relealed before 
 him. Nor was it eafy to offer liich a Perfbn 
 in Exchange for him as the- Parliament 
 would be willing to accept, 
 
 XII. But the Charader that was received 
 of him, and thofe (mall Conferences he had 
 with the King at Oxford^ had left {o fair aa 
 Impreflion of him in his Majefty's Mind, that 
 when he could not procure Colonel Monk's 
 Liberty, he was careful to provide for his 
 Support; and to that purpofe there was le- 
 cretly convey'd to him an hundred Pounds ia 
 Gold, at a Time when fuch a Summ was a 
 greater Matter in his Majefty's Coffers, thaa 
 in many of his meaner Subjects. And this fo 
 feafonable and indulgent Bounty of the King 
 towards him, he has been often heard to 
 mention with a very tender and fenfible Grar 
 fitude. 
 
 XIII. During his Imprifonment in the 
 Tower, moft of the great Adions of the Ci- 
 vil War were over, and their greater Battles 
 fought, as at Marfion-Moor^ Newbery^ and 
 Nafeby^ which made Cplojael Monk's Conr 
 
 finemenf 
 
 
 
 % 
 
i» 
 
 28 The LIFE of 
 
 finement fo much the more uneafy to him, 
 who was in the Flower of his Age, and thir- 
 fty after Glory. But it pleafed God, who had 
 defign'd him for another purpofe, to ref- 
 cue him from thofe Services. Yet whilft he 
 was a Prifoner in the Tower he wanted not 
 many and good Offers for his Enlargement, 
 upon Acceptance of a Commiflion to fcrve 
 the Parliament; which was the Defign of 
 driving a Bargain with him, by fo long and 
 clofe a Confinement, who yet kept up Hopes 
 of procuring his Liberty upon better Terms, 
 continuing ftill to foliicit his Exchange, by 
 the fmall Intcreft he had at Oxford, But 
 having at laft fpcnt almoft four Years Time 
 in a long and tedious Confinement, through 
 many Wants and Dcftitution of things necef- 
 fary to his Perfon and QiuHty, and the im- 
 pairing of his Health ; and having no Hopes 
 or Profpedt of returning again to Oxford^ 
 there fell out a very feafonable Opportmiity 
 for his Enlargement upon this Occafion. 
 
 XIV. The Marquifs of Or;i^^»^, (who at 
 
 ^^"^^ firft was appointed Lieutenant General in the 
 
 Abfence of the Earl of Leicefter) declaring 
 
 wholly for the King in Ireland^ without any 
 
 Reeard to the Parliament at fVeJiminfier^ fp 
 
 ^ 3 far 
 
 General Monk. 29 
 
 far difpleasy them, that they voted the Lord 
 Lijlej eldeft Son to the Earl oi Leicefter y to 
 take the Government of that Kingdom. His 
 Lordftiip prefently thinks upon his Kinfman, 
 Colonel Monk^ in the Tower, and offers him 
 a Commiflion tinder him. He had been (as 
 wc related before) Colonel to the Earl oiLei- 
 cifter's own Regiment in Ireland^ and there- 
 fore was the more willing to take the iame 
 Commiflion from his Son. Befides, he had 
 been particularly oblig'd to that Family for 
 fome feafonable Kindnefs and Supply during 
 his late Imprifonment in the Tower. In this 
 War he had been engaged before, and it w^s 
 very agreeable to his Principles and Confei- 
 cncc. The King alio and Parliament, who 
 at this Time could agree in nothing elfe, did 
 jointly vote the Irijh then in Arms, to be 
 Rebels. And Colonel Monk having received 
 his Liberty for this Service, was too gene- 
 rous to employ it to any other Ufe. But 
 before he quitted the Tower, he took Leave 
 of feveral of his Fellow-Prifbners, with 
 whom he was acquainted, and, among the 
 reft, of the Bifliop of Ely, Dr. Wren^ from 
 whom he requefted his epifcopalBlefling; tell- 
 ing him, he was now going to do the King 
 the beft Service he could againft the Rebels 
 
 
 m 
 
3d The L I V E of 
 
 in lYeldnd^ and hoped he fliould one Day d6 
 him further Service in England, All which, 
 with the Circumftances of it, has been feve- 
 ral Times attcfted by that Reverend and Pious 
 Prelate, in the hearing of many great and il- 
 luftrious Perfon^. Upon this he readily at- 
 tended the Lord Ltjle^ who on the 28'^ of 
 "January fet out from London towards Ire- 
 land, His Lordihip was ordered to land at 
 Dublin y but the Marquifs of Ormond having 
 received no Command from his Majefty, to 
 deliver up the City to him, could not give 
 him Admiflion. Thereupon the Lord Lijle 
 and his Forces made their Way into Mun^ 
 fievj and landed near Cork, Very little was 
 done by this Voyage of the Lord LiJle into 
 Ireland. So that after two Months Stay in 
 the Countrey, his Commiflion being expired, 
 he fet Sail April 1 7, and returned again into 
 England^ and Colonel Monk with him, who 
 1^47 then was above 38 Years of Age. 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 31 
 
 CHAP, 
 
 CHAP. m. 
 
 « 
 
 I. He is commijjlon'd to go again into the 
 North of Ireland againft thoje Rebels, The 
 difficulties he furmounted in this Tro- 
 'vince, IL A remarkable Injiance of his 
 Frugality y and provident Care towards the 
 Support of his Soldiers, III. ^pon what 
 Reafons he concluded a Teace with O 
 Neal ; after which he returned into Eng- 
 land. IV. It was fufpeEied that he had 
 exprefs Commands from England to con- 
 clude that "Peace, V. The Murther of 
 the King, VI. The General in his Re- 
 turn to England, meets Cromwel then 
 going Lord Lieutenant to Ireland. VII. 
 His elder Brother dies, VIII. He is 
 out of all Employment, IX. A new Oc- 
 cafion of his en t ring upon A5fion, X. 
 Cromwel, upon the Lord FairfaxV Refu^ 
 fal of that Employment^ is made Com- 
 mander in Chief againfi the Scots, wh(t 
 makes Monk Lieutenant General of the 
 the Ordnance, XI. The great Confidence 
 that Cromwel repofed in him^ and upon 
 what Grounds, XII. Animadverjions on 
 the Scotch Clergy^ and the "Death of 
 the Montrofs. XIII. A Mif conduct of 
 
 Cromwel, 
 
'1 
 
 A*. 
 
 31 7%e LIFE of 
 
 Cromwel, and the Error of it retrieved 
 by General Monk, by "which Means.the 
 Scots were defeated at Dunbar. XIV. 
 The gotrd EffeBs of this Vietory, though 
 in fome Meafure obftruBed by the Remon- 
 Jtrators, XV. The King^x^ith theScDich 
 Army goes to Worcefter, and is pirfued 
 by Cromwel, who had left GeneralMjonk 
 to reduce Scotland. His great Succefs 
 there, XVIi He returns Jick int<y Eng- 
 land. XVII. An A& of Coalition to u- 
 mite England and Scotland into one Com- 
 mon-Wealth. XVIII. An Union of this 
 kind had been proje£fed by King James, at 
 which the Scots were much difcontentedj 
 and for what Reafons. XIX. General 
 Monk appointed one of the Commijfioners 
 for concluding this Coalition, 
 
 I. A T his Return Colonel Monk having 
 x\^ difcoverfed bis Inclination rather to 
 ferve the Parliament in Ireland^ than in any 
 other Employment, fome of the Members 
 of Parliament knowing his Averfenefs 00 be 
 employed in the Civil Wars at home, and all 
 knowing him for his Courage and ExacSDif- 
 cipiine, a mod fit Perfon for the /ri^ Service, 
 they offered him a Conuniflion to command 
 
 the 
 
 General Mokk. 33 
 
 the Britijh Forces in the North of Ireland^ 
 which he accepts, and now takes his third 
 Voyage into that Kingdom. In this Comt 
 mand he had a very nice * and difficult Pro- 
 vince: For the Scotch under Monroe^ and 
 the Englijh^ though conjoined together, did 
 not perfedly ^ec or tnift each other ; yet 
 he kept them both in fo good Order, as he 
 effectually profecuted the Wat. Much of his 
 Bufinefs was againft Owen Roe O Nea/i a 
 bold and reftlefs Rebel, and accounted the 
 beft Soldier among them, having many Years 
 ferved the King of S-pain, and who had train- 
 ed up the Forces under his Conimand^ to a 
 Courage and Refolution beyond the uiiia! 
 Temper of the Irijb : Yet Colonel Monk 
 look'd fo narrowly after all his Goings, and 
 kept him fo Ihort of Provifion as made hinqi 
 weary of the War. 
 
 II. This was but a dry and barren Em- 
 ployment, and the Parliament at fFeJimin* 
 Jier had too many Irons in the Fire, to take 
 any Care of Money or Provifion for an Ar- 
 my in the North of Ireland, But ColoneJ 
 Monky who was not only a good Soldier, 
 but a good Husband alfo, fo ordered the Til- 
 lage and Improvement of the Country, and 
 
 D provi^ 
 
 '<i 
 
}. 
 
 i4 The L I FE of 
 
 providectiy difpofed of all Booties takeii frottl 
 the Enemy, that he made the War fupport 
 it felf without much' Relief from England. 
 
 « . 
 
 III. All Things, through his indiiftry and 
 Conduia, had fucceeded fo well in the North 
 of Ireland^ that the Parliament thought the 
 Scotch Forces unnecefTary mVlJieri and 
 voted their Difcharge home, which gave 
 Cccadon to Ibme Jealoufies and Dilcon- 
 tents between the Englijh and Scotch Sol- 
 diers, infomuch that Colonel Monk Tufpedied 
 Monroe^ and the oxS\tt Scotch OflScers, to 
 have fome Defign upon his Perfbn and Li- 
 berty. At the fame iTime the Marquifs of 
 Ormondy the Lord Inchequin, and divers o- 
 tbers, coming to an Agreement, a great Part 
 of Colonel Monk's Forces revolted from him 
 at "Dtmdalke ; fo that he was belet with fo 
 many Difficulties, as enforced him to clofe 
 1 649 up an hafty Pacification with O Nealy and to 
 return into Englandi . 
 
 IV. But this Adtion, being of fo tranfc^n- 
 dent a Nature, gave Occafion to many con- 
 fideringPerfons to believe that Colonel A/i?;/ifi 
 being a Perfon of fo much Honour and Cou- 
 rse, would not, by any Neceflky whatfoe- 
 ^ ver 
 
 iGENERAL Monk. 3J 
 
 ver, have been brought td fuch an Agree- 
 ment^ if he had not been particularly com- 
 manded to it by his Superiors in England^ 
 who, being refolv*d to fall upon the Royal 
 Party in Ireland^ made rio Scruple to clap up 
 a Peace with the Rebels. 
 
 * " • - * ^ ^ — - 
 
 V. Somewhat before this, during Colo- 
 iiel Monk's Employment in Ireland ^^ waS 
 committed the execrable Murder upon the 
 Perfbn of the late King; an Adioii of fb great 
 Impudence and Villany, as can find no Paral- 
 lel in pafl Ages, and the fiicceeding will as 
 hardly believe it. Aiid here let me arreft my 
 Reader with the Contemplation of the divine 
 Wifdom, which had defigned this Colonel 
 Monk to be the Reftorer of Monarchy, and his 
 prefent Majefty ; that he fhould at this Time, 
 though he ferved the Party, be difpofed of 
 in an Employment of fo much Diflance and 
 Privacy, as he could hatdly know, much lefS 
 be coricem'd in fb great i Guilt, as was the 
 Muirder of that excellent King. 
 
 VI. In his Return home he met Lieute- 
 tiant General Cromwell then hafleiirng to 
 confiinunate the Irijh War, with five Regi- 
 tnents of Horfe, and feven of Foot. This 
 
 D i Ceflation 
 
 
^6 The LIFE of 
 
 Ceflation with O Neal did greatly facilitate 
 Crowjjers Bufinefs, who, in lefs than a 
 Year's Time, finiflVd that War, and then 
 hatten'd back into England to pyofccute the 
 other high Defigns of his Ambition. 
 
 VII. About this Time his elder Brother, 
 Thomas Monk, Efq; dy'd by a Fall from 
 his Horfe, leaving only, two Daughters be- 
 hind him; and the Eftate being fettled upon 
 the Iflue-Malej it came to Colonel Monk as 
 now Heir in Tail; who, as he had raifed his 
 Name and Family to the higher State of No- 
 bility and Honour, fo he accordingly re- 
 paired the Ruins of the Family, and advan- 
 ced it to a Condition fuitable to fupport the 
 ' Greatnefs of its Quahty. 
 
 I 
 
 ' VIII. Colonel Monk after his Return 
 out of Ireland, was now out of all Employ- 
 ment, and very well contented to have con- 
 tinued fo ; but a new War at hand brought 
 him again into Adioo. , j , , , 
 
 IX. After the Death of tl?e late King, 
 
 the Scots had entered into a Treaty with his 
 
 prefent Majefty, for, reftoring him to his 
 
 tfiroKingdom of Scotland, which this Year, 
 
 ' came 
 
 General Monk. 37 
 
 came to a Conclufion ; but upon fuch Terms 
 as Goths and Vandals would have been x- 
 ihamed to offer to an hereditary Prmce. 
 There was then iii Scotland a very honeft 
 and loyal Party, that were defirousHo reftore 
 him upon Conditions agreeable to their Alle- 
 giance and Duty. But the Covenanters, who 
 were ni'iieh the greater Number, having for- 
 merly made fo good a Bargain by the Sale 
 of his Father, were now driving another, al- 
 n^oft as advantagious to them, with the Son. 
 His landing and Reception in Scotkfid gave 
 a fmart Alarm to the Parliament at Weftmin- 
 fier They eafily forefaw a War would en- 
 fue, and therefore thought it moll agreeable 
 to their Gallantry and Puiffance to be the 
 Aagreflbrs. Whereupon they voted their 
 Anny to march Northward, and invade Scot- 
 land And Lieutenant General Cromwel, 
 having done his Bufinefs in reducing Ireland, 
 was returnM to London as fealbnably as if he 
 had contriv'd it. Both he and his Party were 
 defirous, that he might command as General 
 in this Northern Expedition, and fo confum- 
 mate the Circle of his Glories, by the Con- 
 qxxeifcoi Scotland The Noife of a Brulli with 
 the Scots alarm'd all the Tresbyterian Party, 
 and their Clergy, in England, who own'd 
 
 D 3 them- 
 
38 the LIFE of 
 
 themfelves obligU by their folemn League, 
 not to enter into War with their covenantee^ 
 Brethren. And fome of them^ who had a 
 great Afcendant over the Lord Fairfax^ and 
 
 alfb on his Lady, had fo_pra<5tifed upon both 
 their Confciences, that he willingly difabled 
 himfelf for this Service. This Advantage was 
 quickly difcern'd, if not at firft contrived, by 
 Crom.'xel and his Party, whq lai^gh'd in 
 their Sleeves at the coniciejitious Qiialms of 
 the Presbyterians. And this Scruple of the 
 Lord Fairfax was further promoted in him, 
 by the Finenefs of fbme of the demure Inde- 
 pendents in theHoufe of Commons, that were 
 in Crom'wel's Intercft. So that in the Con- 
 clusion the Matter was fo decently carry'd, 
 that Cromwel was voted to the fole Com- 
 mand againft the Scots, 
 
 X. Having gain'd the Authority he {o^ 
 long affedted, his next Care was for modelling 
 his Army, which indeed was made up of the 
 Flower of the Englijh Forces. About this 
 time he had taken a particular Notice of Co- 
 lonel Monk\ and observing how with imall 
 Force he had managed his Bufinefs upon the 
 Rebels in Ireland^ he found him an abler Of- 
 ficer for the Scotch War, than many of his 
 
 own 
 
 General Monk. 39 
 
 own infpired Colonels. And becaufe he would 
 by no means want his Company, he furnifti- 
 ed him with an extempore Regiment drawn 
 out of feveral others, and afterwards made 
 him Lieutenant General of the Ordnance. 
 Befides the Importunities oi Cromwel, which 
 could not fafely be deny'd, there are two things 
 which feem the more to have inclined Colo- 
 nel Monk to this War: One was a kind of 
 Indignation and Prejudice fettled in him a- 
 gainft the Nation, ever fince their Rebellion 
 and Infolencies againft Charles the Firft, in 
 which War he had been employed. The o- 
 ther was the Perfidy and ill Ufage he had met 
 with from the ScotSj when he commanded 
 them lately in the North oi Ireland. 
 
 XL To this Scotch Expedition he feem'd 
 to be defign'd by the fecret Fate that govern- 
 ed him. For by his extraordinary Condud 
 and Prudence in this War, he gain'd fo upon 
 Cromweh as to be thought the only fit Per- 
 fon to be trufted with the fole Command of 
 the Country. By which Station he became 
 at laft capable of doing thofe great and hap- 
 py things which we are afterwards to ret 
 late. 
 
 D 4. 
 
 XIL The 
 
40 The LIFE of 
 
 XII. The Scots might very well have ex-, 
 peded this Invafion bom England ^ where 
 a great Army was always in Readinefs : But 
 their Counfeis were chiefly gov^n'd by their 
 loud and bellowing Clergy, "with fome other 
 Male-contents, obtrudingevery Day new and 
 infolent Conditions upon his Majefty, accut 
 ing and diftinguilhing Malignants, and an in^ 
 finite Number of wild and ecdiefs Babble a- 
 bout their Covenant ; fo that Cromwel was 
 very far advanced towards them, before they 
 had brought their Army into any gpod Readi- 
 nefs. And to fill up the Meafure of thir Vil- 
 lanies with the Slavery of the Nation, the 
 Year before they had malicioufly made away 
 the great and valiant Marquifs of Montr ofs^ 
 who was accounted the bed Man of Arms 
 their Nation ev^ bred ; whofe Courage and 
 Condudt, had he been alive and entrufted, 
 w^as more than Cromwe£s Match, and might 
 have iay'd their Nation. . 
 
 XIII. General Cromwel being advanced 
 as far as Berwkky kept on his Way towards 
 Edinburgh^ and finding the Scots, not willing 
 to coi^ie jt^^^a Eight, traverfed his. Ground 
 back again towards Tiunbu^r^ the Scotch At- 
 my preUing fomewh^u: hard upon his Rear. 
 
 Here 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 Here he had run himfelf into fuch a Nooze^ 
 for all the Gantings • ^hd Magnificats of his 
 Party, as did greatly blemifli his Difcretion. 
 The iJr^^x were MafterS of the Hill, knd had 
 coop'd thtEngHJh Army into a narrow Neck 
 of Land, the Sea behind thern, and no Way 
 for Retrelt but by ' the Pafs zt Coppepiythj 
 thehftroogly poiTefled by the Scot^'^oy^ 
 would Cr^w'x^^/ have willingly exchang'd his 
 Command with Fairfax ^ to hayebeen fafe ia 
 his Room at London. But here the Expe- 
 rience and Conduft of Lieutenant General 
 Mo7Tk help'd him at the dead Lift. For at a 
 Council of War he moved, to make a prefent 
 Ailault upon the Enemy, when never an 0& 
 ficer there had the Courage to think of it; 
 and undertook the Charge himfeli^ with fiich 
 Succefs, as ended in an entire Vi(9:ory. Un-r 
 \t(s Cromwel had fecretly corrlipted the Ofr 
 ficers of the Scotch Army, or thofe Cove- 
 nanters had been the arranteft Cowards ia 
 Nature, they could not have been {b lliame- 
 fully routed, being afmoft double in Number 
 to their Enemies, and pofTefs'd of fiich great 
 Adviiiitages npon them. But by the Fortune 
 of this Day^ the Covenant was moft mifcra- 
 bly battor'd by tht Lord ofHoJisj which was 
 the Word given in the fcveral Armies before 
 the Pight began. XIV. The 
 
 I 
 
^j The LIFE of 
 
 XlV The loyal Party in Scotland was 
 not creativ concem'd'fcr this Defeat at 2)««- 
 ^^r, which had chiefly cat off fo many of 
 the violent Kirk Party, that might well be 
 fpared. But it had alfo a farther Effed up- 
 pn the reft ; for it took down the Heat 
 of the Covenanters, that they came at laft 
 to a calm Refolution of admitting all Par- 
 ties, and that fmce they had been brought to 
 thoie Streights by the Lofs of Tiunbar, it 
 was neceffary, for Defence of the Caufe of 
 God and the Kirk, to take in the Affiftance of 
 fuch as had ferv'd the late King, and fuch alfo 
 as had been in Duke Hamilton's Army. This 
 was the Refolution of the greater Part of the 
 Scots', but was remonftrated againft, as a be- 
 traying the Intereft of Jefus Chrijl, and his 
 Kirk, by a more refined fort of whimng Hy- 
 pocrites: And theft were called the Remon- 
 frators. Which Schifm of the Refolutioners 
 and Rcmonfl:rators became as natural and ma- 
 licious among them, as between the Jew and 
 Samaritan of old, or the late Guelfs and Gi- 
 bellins. 
 
 XV. But by this Refolution, and that 
 
 which fucceeded it, his Majefty came the 
 
 xS'tx next Year to have an Army which he could 
 * better 
 
 General Monk. 4» 
 
 better govern, and were more obedient to th? 
 Methods he had defigned. Which, taking 
 Advantage of Cromwel's Army being pafs'd 
 over the Frith into Fife, he gave them th* 
 Go-bj, and flipt into England by fhe Way 
 of Carlijle, and was purfued to Worcefier by 
 the Body of Crmjiwel's Army, who had left 
 Lieutenant General Monk with fix thoufand 
 Men, to perfed; the Redudion o£ Scotland. 
 Whether Lieutenant General Monk had defi- 
 ned this Province, of following the War. in 
 that Country, or his ufual good Fortune had 
 fb far befriended him, as to refcue him from 
 an Employment he fo much difliked, viz. of 
 fighting in England, we cannot abfolutely 
 determine. But after thztCromwel was march- 
 ed after the King into England, he {o warm- 
 ly profecuted the Scots, that after the taking 
 oi Edinburgh C2S\:iQ, the Surrender oiTant al- 
 ien Caaie, the Rendition of Sterling, and 
 the furprizing of 'Dundee, with feveral other 
 confiderable Places, yielding prefently to the 
 Fortune of the Vidor : Such was Lieutenant 
 General Monk'^ Difpatch, that he had gain'd 
 a great Part of Scotland, by that Time Crom- 
 wel had fully done his Bufinefs at fVorce- 
 
 XVLBur 
 
 f 
 
44 rhe LIVE of 
 
 XVI But in this Summer's Expedition, 
 Lieutenant General Monk, (either as an Allay 
 to his Succefs, or as a Chaftifement upon him 
 for ferving under iuch Confederates) feU mto 
 a violent Sicknefs, which held hirn all the 
 Winter, and reduc'd him to that Weaknefs, 
 that he was enforc'd to return inio England 
 for Repair of his Health; and the foUowmg 
 Summer he recover'd it at the Bath. 
 
 ,6<z XVII. And at his Return thence to Lon- 
 '^ don, he found the Parliament, having pmv 
 conquered Scotland, refolved to extirpate Mo- 
 narchy among the Scots, and, to fecm^ ^^^eir 
 Subjedion, they had framed an Ad of Coah- 
 tion, whereby both Nations fliould be united 
 into one Common-wealth, 
 
 XVIII. A Defign at which King>«^^^ was 
 aiming, when he altered the Royal Style, 
 Td p';claimed himfelf King of G^^ Br. 
 tain. Great were the Difcontent in^.^ - 
 Und about this Union. The loyal Party ut- 
 terly declined it, in Hopes of fome more foi- 
 tunate Seafon to reftore Monarchy. And the 
 covenanting Presbyterians equally railed a- 
 gainft it. They had already obferved the 
 Declenfion of their Presbyterian Govcrnmen 
 
 General Monk. 45- 
 
 here in England, and were greatly afraid, as 
 independency had already conquered their 
 Country, fo it w^ould extirpate their Reli- 
 
 gion'. 
 
 // 
 
 . t '--jji -■ -i.'' 
 
 ^ . " 
 
 XIX. To fettk this Union of both Na- 
 tions; Commiflioners Were fent down, that 
 were cunning old Grandees of the Party, and 
 of the Independent Intereft. To whom Lieu- 
 tenant General Monk^ being thought to have 
 better Knowledge of them, and Intereft a- 
 mong them, by his late Command there, was 
 alfo added: Who, though he had conquered 
 the Nation, yet had been fo fair and {o hor 
 npurable an Enemy, as they were perfuaded 
 tti in Union by him, more than by all the 
 Tricks and Artifices of the reft. And having 
 at laft fettled the Coalition according to their 
 Inftrudions, both he and they return'd to 
 London. 
 
 ;rfifj 
 
 ;nri 
 
 CHAR 
 
4^ 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 I. The Tower and Tride of the Parliament 
 incline them to a IVar 'with the Diitch. 
 II. Blake made AdmiraU "^'ho gains fome 
 Advantages over them. III. The next 
 J>^r Blake^W Monk are made Admirals:, 
 equal in Commijfjlon. W The Zealofthi 
 "Parliament in frojtcnting this PTari 
 whom^ notwithjianding J Cromvfd dif- 
 folves^ and ereBs a Council of St ate ^ ti^ 
 which the H^ireEtion of military Afairs 
 was committed: V. An Engagement be- 
 
 ' tween the fJLV Fleets on the Codji ^/Flan- 
 ders, wJyerein Dean is killed. The Pre- 
 fence ofMind.Brofuery, and ConduB of 
 Monk in that ABion, He furfites the 
 Dutch, and the next "Day Jinks fix, and 
 takes eleven of their Ships. VI. The 
 Dutch repair their Fleet., and tht 
 next Month the Englifh Fleet engaged 
 tkem a third ttme\ in ^.vhich Engagement 
 thirty of their Ships were fiink^ their 
 Vice- Admiral Everftotr, '^;/^ their Admi- 
 ral Van Trump, killed by a fmall Shot. 
 VII. The fnrprizifig Sifccefs of this A^ 
 Bion ; v.pm which the States found them- 
 felves obliged to fne for Teace^ with the 
 
 Conditions 
 
 General Monk. 47 
 
 Conditions to which they were forced to 
 fabmit. 
 
 I. TV TOW Was the Junc3:o Parliament at 
 JL \r Wejiminjier come to the Meridian 
 of their Power and Ulurpation, from which 
 they quickly after declined They had rc^ 
 duc'd Ireland 9 <:ouc^\xQx'd Scotland^ aiad ut-^ 
 terly baffled the King's Interefl: in England^ 
 which rais'd them to that Height of Pride 
 and Confidence, that now they were refolv-. 
 ed to reckon with their Neighbours, the 
 State$ of Hollandy for certain Infol^cies they" 
 had fuftain'd from them. Hitherto they had 
 difl^mbled their Refentments for the Death 
 of T)oriJlausy who went to complement the 
 "Dutch to an Alliance to their uew Common-^ 
 wealth ; and alfo the Af&onts that were put 
 upon their extraordinary Ambailadoxs, Saint^ 
 John and Strickland. Neither wanted there 
 Complaints about Trade, which >they defign- 
 ed to reduce by an A6t for Encouragement 
 of Navigation ; lucceeded with liich high De- 
 mands upon the Dutch for Reparation of In- 
 juries, and of fettling a free Trade, S?r. as 
 the States were refolv'd to enter into a War; 
 rather than make fo hard a Bargain for their 
 Peace. The Honour and Efteem of the 
 
 Englijh 
 
 i 
 
48 The LIFE of 
 
 Emlifh Nation was at this Tihife utterly Ibft 
 abroad, by the bold and infolent Anions of 
 the Common-wealth Parliament, and the^a- 
 ftonilhing Murthcr of the late King; fo that 
 the 'Dutch fomewhat fcorn'd to be hrlt m 
 niakif^ Alliance with fo infemous a" People 
 and did alfo equally delpife them. Nor did 
 they greatly like, that a Revolt from their 
 natur5 Prince Ihould thrive in other Hands, 
 fo much as it had done in their own. The 
 ^utch very well remember'd, the Kings of 
 En<'land, looking on them as a trading Peo- 
 ple, had never feverdy infpeded of ftated 
 tilings with them, in Matters of Profit But 
 now they were to deal with a courfe and 
 fcraping fort of People, that would upon oc- 
 cafion be quarrelling with them for their Pen- 
 ny, and look to their Trade with as much 
 eoncfern as themfelves. After a great deal of 
 religious Tampering on both Sides, they fell 
 at laft to Blows. 
 
 * ■ 
 
 ,/Cr, n On the firft Year of this Wat, it was 
 
 ^^ manned on the Junto's Side by their Admi^ 
 
 xABlcke, who, in a Fight near the Go<?</^j« 
 
 Sands, and afterwards near TortUnd, woflt- 
 
 ed the T^ittch Fleet. 
 
 -Hi, ■* " ■ " »^ ' * 
 
 III. Against 
 
 General Monk. 49 
 
 III. Against the nextYeaf, they had i §5-3 
 ordered General Monk^xsA General T^ean^ be- 
 ing joined in equal Commiflion, to carry on 
 
 the War. This was fomething an odd Pro- 
 vince for General Monky who had all his Life 
 commanded in Land Service, now ia the 45'*; 
 Year of his Age, to take up a new kind of 
 Warfare at Sea. But as all Countries are a- 
 like to a wife Man, lb are all Elements to the 
 valiant. 
 
 IV. The Parliament was very bufy in 
 baftening their Preparations for this War j 
 and were fo intent i^n their Enemies abroad 
 that they overlooked greater at home. For 
 on April X3 . Oliver Cromwell whole Am- 
 bition could hold no longer, entered the 
 Houfe of Commons, accompanied with fbme 
 of his Officers, and diflblv'd the Parliament, 
 after their twelve Years Continuance in the 
 Pradice of fuch Mifchiefe and Depredations; 
 tis are not eafy to be recounted. But though 
 the Pariiaiiient was at an End, the "DiUch 
 War went on, being managed for the preieat 
 % a Council of State, made up of fixnc prin^ 
 cipal Officers in the Army, and Ibmc Mem- 
 bars of the late Jundo, t*at were CromwH'^ 
 
 C^Hifederates. 
 
 E The 
 
50 The LIFE of 
 
 V The firft Enga2;emcnt this Year \Vas 
 June the z\ on the Goaft of /^/^////^r.; The 
 i>tach Fleet commanded by Fi^« Trumf, the 
 Vice-Adnirral K^a;/ de Rvyter, the two £- 
 ^^r^/&;/^, and ^^ Witt ; and their Number of 
 Ships much the greater. The Englijh^^% 
 led by General Mofik^^^ T>ean, havmg Jor- 
 dan, Lawfon, Goodfon^ith them. The 
 Fi2ht besan very early in the Mornmg. At 
 thi iirft Shot from the Dutch Fleet "Dean 
 was kiUU walking by the Side of General 
 Moftk^ who at his Fall (nothing dilcompofed 
 in his Mind or Looks) caft his Cloak over 
 him, and afterwards ordered him to be car- 
 tied into his Cabbin, commanding the Soldi- 
 ers and Seamen to look to the Ship, and fol- 
 low their Biifinds. By ten of the Clock the 
 Fieht 2rew very Iharp, cfpecially. between the 
 Squadron commanded by T^e^Ruyter and 
 the Blue Squadron led by La-^fin, To the 
 Relief of the firft Van Trump came in, and 
 General Monk in exceUent Order failed to re- 
 inforce the other, fo chat now the Fight be- 
 came very hot on both Sides, till three in the 
 Afternoon, about which Time the Wind fa- 
 vouring the T^utch.xhty bore away before 
 it, being purtued till Night by General Monk: 
 Who, the next Morning, found himfelf near- 
 
 General Monk. 51 
 
 tr than he imagined to the Enemy's Fleet. 
 Yet he could not get up ^to them till towards 
 Noon, and then both Fleets engaged till ten 
 at Night; the Wind being freihiandWefterly, 
 General il/(?//i& prefled hard upon them, and 
 funk fix of their bed Ships, and two more of 
 the T}utch were, through Misfortune, blown 
 up by their own Fket* Eleven Ships were 
 taken that Day from the Enemy ^ the reft 
 were fecured, by Van Trump y running upon 
 the Flats at Dunkirk* 
 
 VL After this Fight General Monk lay 
 upon the Dutch Coafts, lurprizing feveral of 
 their Ships, and difturbing their Trade, till 
 foul Weather drave him off their Shoars. In 
 lels than two Months time the Dutch had 
 got together a very great Fleet of about one 
 hundred twenty fiv^ Sailj which was the laft 
 Effort of their Strength and Courage. And 
 July 29. both Fleets came in View of each o- 
 ther. General Monk, had not above ninety 
 odd Sail of Ships, which were all a Stern, fo 
 that till towards Eveiiiog they could not get 
 up to come to my^' Engi^ement, which be- 
 ^an with fpmie oC tlje .tighter Frigats, and en- 
 Gteafed tQabpuf thirty, :;ind fought, till the 
 Night parted them, Tjais was }xif,.4;he Preiude 
 to the next Day's Wjork; For on the nt:X 
 
 Ex Morn- 
 
p The LIFE of 
 
 Mornirffi early General Monk tack'dupon the 
 Enemy, and a moft fierce and bloody Ftght 
 b^an on all Hands, wlikh continued till a- 
 bout three in the Aftem6on. In this Battle 
 the General, being much inferiof to the E- 
 nemy in Number, had eommanded the Cap- 
 tains to attempt to deftroy or fink what Ships 
 they could, without taking of any, whereby 
 he fhouldbe obliged to weaken his Fleer, 
 through the Abfencc of thofe that muft go c^ 
 with them. In this Fight were liink of the 
 *DiitchY\£ci near thirty Ships, among which 
 was Vice- Admiral £wr/ya«, with the Lofs 
 only of one Englijh Frigat. And to con- 
 fommate the Fortune and Glory of this new 
 Admiral, in this Fight fell the brave anda- 
 ged Seaman Van Trumf, famous for many 
 Vidtories, and accounted one of the beft Sea- 
 men of this Age : He was kill'd by a fmall 
 Shot, and dy'd like an Admiral, with his 
 Sword in bis Hand, as he was ftanding on 
 the Deck Of his Ship^ encouraging his Men 
 to the Fight; The Lofs of fo many Ships, 
 with the Fall of theii chief- Commander, fo 
 difcourag'il the ^uteh Fleet, that they pre- 
 fcnily made all the Sail they could, and fun 
 
 , :i VII. Thev 
 
 General Monk. yj 
 
 VH. Thby who were at Lcifare to confi- 
 der the Circumftances of this Fight, have 
 wondered at the Smccefe of it, uDih^ 'Dutch 
 hadTOUch the Odds iii Number, their Ships 
 and Men frelh}thtf Fight upon their Coafts; 
 they i>ad alfo Fire-Ships with them, and the 
 Englijh none. (The Lois of their beft Com- 
 gnandef, and of fo great a Part of their Fleer, 
 put the< States oi Holhnd into fuch Appre- 
 henfions, and their common People into foch 
 Difordcrs, as they haften'd back their Am- 
 bafiadors, who were newly rerarn'd home for 
 further Inftrudlions, to make fuch a Peace 
 with the Englijh as they could get. But the 
 Coundl of State held them to hard Meat. They 
 would abate nothing of their laft Demands, 
 made from the Common-Wealth Parliament. 
 Nothing would do except, befide ftriking the 
 Flag, they made a Recognition of the Eng- 
 lijh Sovereignty to the Narrow Seas, a Rent 
 to be paid for the Filhery, the Trade in the 
 Indies to be free,, and Saiisfadion for all 
 Merchants LoCesi and RJeparation for the 
 Charge of the War, and a Coalkion of both 
 Nations^ to the excluding the Prince of O- 
 range from Jmy. Place of Government. Great 
 was the religious Knavery arid Falihood on 
 both Sides, and the 'Dutch had akeady learnt 
 
 riT 
 
 E 3 
 
 to 
 
j4 The LIFE of 
 
 to cant and wheadle th the Gibberifh of the 
 
 I ' 
 
 Englifl) Scdaries. 
 
 4^V' 
 
 rr 
 
 C H A. P. V. 
 
 I The littk Tarliat?7enf at ^Q^mrAtr.and. 
 ■ their fanatical "^rojeas of incorporating 
 the five ft Trovinces. ' II. The Dutch Com- 
 miljioners at a Lofs how to treat 'Wtth 
 Men^ whoje Schemes and "Principlei ap- 
 peared fo very chimerical: The T^efign 
 which Cromwel had to ferve by them. III. 
 Having laid them ajide^ he takes the Go- 
 vernment upon himfelf with the Title of 
 Protedor ; 77iakes fever al Condefienfion's 
 td the Dutch ComrniJJioners^ towards the 
 more effeBual Seclujion of the Houfe of 
 Orange from the Tower and "Dignity of 
 Stadhoider. IV. The Articles on both Sides 
 in Reference t& this To int. V. The States 
 General afhamedofft^ yn^ hy the AdVice 
 of Tit Vf\xt^ they 'dt lafi agree to it, as d 
 fecret Article, but without the Confent of 
 the other Trovinces. %)pon which- a Teac^ 
 is concluded betwem EnghndanJ Hol- 
 
 ^ 1and> whty^in Croraivel facrijicei thepnb^ 
 
 lick 
 
 General Monk. jj 
 
 lick Inter eft to thv private End of his Ma^^ 
 lice and Ambition. VI. This Agreement 
 oppofed by General Monk, but to no Ef 
 feii^ VIL An Army raifed in. Scotland 
 fir the Service oft he King, and fy ^hat 
 Means their *T>eJign was fruftrated. VIII. 
 Tet CromweU ankiius for^ the Succefs of 
 ity and fufpeciing LilbournV Courage ^ 
 who comnidJided the ^m\ii^\ Forces there j 
 he recals General Monk for the Scottilh 
 Expedition. IX. General Monk envied. 
 His cautious and prudent Behaviour. His 
 great AffeBion for his Country. X. Afpe- 
 cialReafon of Ctom^^d's employing him 
 in this Expedition, from whence he re- 
 turns no more, till he is made the happy 
 Inftrument of the Reftoration. XI. The 
 State ^/Scotland upon his Arrival there. 
 The 1)fi he made of their extravagant 
 T>ifputes and T>iforders about Religion. 
 
 LT7f7HILST this T>iitch War and Trca- 
 V V ty were carrying on,, that pretty 
 Machin, called the Little Parliament, was 
 fitting at Weftminftm A fort ofJittle infi- 
 pid Fops, whom O'omwel had fet up, to 
 make his laft Step dntio ■ the Goverm-oient the 
 aafier. Many of cheroiwere fettling a King- 
 ' E 4 dpm 
 
j6 The LIVE of 
 
 dom only for JefusCbrifi m the World, but 
 yet fo as to make themfelvcs his Vice-gerents. 
 They look'd upoa the "JOutcb as a Company 
 of cheating, covetous Worldlings, and Ene- 
 mies to the Kipgdoai , of Ci&r(/?# as well as 
 that of Engl^ndy fa thaf ♦ oothing would fa- 
 tisfy themlefs thama Coaiirion^ whereby the 
 Seven Provinces Ihould he incorporated toto 
 this their FtfthrMonpi^hsi': 
 
 n. The folemn and formal AmbafTadors 
 were at fome Lofs how to deal with this frau- 
 tick fort of People, whom they thought a^ 
 Society fitter for Bedlam^ than a Conclave of 
 Senators ; and had look'd fo far into the State 
 of things, and the ambitious Inclinations of 
 Cromwehxhax they cunningly infmuated, if he 
 would aflume the Government himfelfi they 
 Ihould be more ready to a Compliance with 
 him. Thefe People were certainly cali'd to- 
 gether by CromiJ^el only for a while, to fliew 
 Tricks to the People, aaid play the Fool with 
 the Government, that thereby the Nation 
 might be as willing as himfelf to have the 
 Reins taken i^ij^.a ©ore fteady Haiid^i I '< 
 
 III. The Refign^ion Qf this Parliament's 
 Power w« qiiickly ^few icoatrived; aml^Ji 
 
 December 
 
 General Monk. 57 
 
 "Dec ember 16, he irfurp'd the Government, 
 with the Title ofTfVfeBor, Being now more 
 conccrn'd to provide^fbrhis oWn Settlement, 
 by looking • after >h5^ Enemies at heme, than 
 to profecute a War abl-o^;'^nd that he might 
 gain entirely the Artkrlt- for Seckifion of the 
 Houle of Orange from Stadholder-General, 
 or Admiral^ and' no Entcrcaintoent to be 
 given to any of his Enemies in their Domi- 
 nions ; he was willing to deal very indulgent- 
 ly with them in the reft of the Particulars: 
 And therefore he accepted the Article for 
 ftriking the Flag, without a Recognition of 
 the Title: Inftead of a Coalition, aDefenfive 
 Alliance ferved the Turn. The Fifliing pafs'd 
 without either Leale or Rent; and the Mer- 
 chants, for their free Trade and Satisfa(5tion 
 for Damages, were wholly left in the Lurch. 
 
 t_ » 
 
 IV. It were tedious to relate all the Tricks 
 and Artifices that pafled between the Prore- 
 d:or and thefe A^ibafladors- $boiar the Article 
 of Seckifion. ^ ^ . ii ii^ri' -^ 
 
 lihi 
 
 V. There ^var fo mudi Bafenefs and In- 
 gratitude in the thing it felf, that both the 
 States General and theft Ageits^irere utterly 
 ajfhamed of it ; InfonHi^h that the Protedor 
 
 ■t.^4is<''*'~^^^' 
 
 at 
 
j8 The LIFE of 
 
 at laft was contented to accept it in the Qua- 
 lity of a fecret Article, but without « refilled 
 to exchange the Ratifications. At laft the 
 States of the Province of Holland ^nA Weft- 
 Freezland; guided by the Counfels of the 
 late Penfioner l^e-WHt, and without the 
 Conairrence of the other Provinces, figned 
 this lecret Article: That they would never 
 dea his F^fent Highnefs, nor any of ^is 
 Lineage, to be Stadholder of Admiral of their 
 Province: Neither Ihould their Province give 
 their Suffrage or Confent, that he, or any ot 
 his Family, fliould be Captain Generd of the 
 Forces of the VmtedTrovtnces. This be- 
 ing fent over to the Ambaffadors, and by 
 thlm delivered to Crom'-^eh the Peace was 
 prefently and finally concluded, and the 
 three hundred thoufand Pounds, which they 
 ofFcr'd the Year before to the Common- 
 wealth Parliament, was alfo thought to have 
 been caft into the Scales, being a feafonable 
 Prefent to Crom'mek wherewith to fupport 
 himfelf in the Infancy of his Power and 
 Grcatnefs. And thus (as an ElTay of his fu- 
 ture Government) he abandon'd the Conce^rns 
 of the Nation, and all thfe Advantages of this 
 War, to the Intereft of his own fecret-MaUco 
 
 and Ambition. - '>' - 
 
 VI. Genep-al 
 
 General Monk. jp 
 
 VI. General Jl/o«/& (whole Hiftory wc 
 have been forc-d to interrupt by this necet 
 lary Digreflion) was, during this Ttreaty, ly- 
 ing upon the lyutch Coafts,' blocking i^ 
 their Havens, and i'nterrupting thfeir Trade, 
 and did all he could tebinder this Agreement. 
 He exclaim'd againft- dfj as a thing infiimous 
 and diilionourable to the Nation. He repre- 
 fented to them, that the T>titch could not be 
 able to fight another Battle ; and that they 
 had never an Ally in the World "that would 
 be concern'd for thenl. But all he could do 
 Was only to remonftrafe againft it. The time 
 was not yet come for General Monk, by his 
 own Authority, to govern the great Concerns 
 of the Nation, nor to put an End to Ufurpa^ 
 tion and Tyranny. 
 
 VII. The Protector Crom^-j^jel had no foon- 
 er concladed the Tfutch War, but anothei: 
 begun to be formed againft him in Scotland. 
 The Marqiiifs of Athol^ the Earl o{ Glen- 
 $am^ and feveral of the Nobility, having 
 declared for the King, had raifed an Army 
 in Scotland^ confifting of about eight or nine 
 thonfand Men, headed and commanded by 
 Officers of the principal of the Nobility and 
 Gentry of the Nation, to which Ibme Forcg 
 
 • ' out 
 
 ■I 
 
•^ 
 
 f 
 
 60 ne LIFE of 
 
 out of Hol/and by M^dyieton was ttl be^^- 
 ded- Who, though he came ftom hisMajdty 
 with aComuiiflion to be General of the Army 
 which the Nobility h^ talfed, did yet dri^ 
 pblige them, at.d aftenvards the wirhdmwmg 
 and dividit^g the Fotcey," did frufttate the 
 greatefFdrtof the Apempt. 
 
 < 
 
 VIII This Infurreaiori in 5'f<9f/'««'^ being 
 in the Morning of his mrpation, did great- 
 ly difquiet his Protedorlhip (Avho coald bet^ 
 ^ diffemble his Hatred ttein h,s Fears) not 
 knowing how far it might fuddenly preva, m 
 a Nation reftlcfs and diflat.sfied at the late 
 Coalition, and that were ^atchmg upon a 
 Occafons, -cov. agn ^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 it of Scoaand. Colonel ^ean commanded 
 ^ Chief there, and being afterwards cal ed 
 Sr by the Jundo to be the Admiral m the 
 S/S Wdr Coi6nel imurn was entrufted 
 ^?Slhe G;vernment of the Go^.nt^3^and 
 the En'rli/h Forces there. Him Lrm.4^et 
 AouS^tperlon of ^ ^1^ Gom^^ to be 
 S « this Time With- f^ftror^ ^^^^f^ 
 TEmployment. Befides, he had already d.f- 
 -JhlownWeaKnersaadFea^by.^ 
 
 General Monk. 6t 
 
 prefenting the Bufiaefs no the Protedor worfe 
 than indeed it was.J,^^nd was fo at his Wit's 
 End, that he dared not look out of his Quar- 
 ters. This made Cromwel more felicitous, 
 not only about the Pcfign it fdfi but the 
 Choice of a Perfon fit to be employe^, And 
 the Command of fo Urge and confiderable a 
 Country was not to be difpofed of at Adven- 
 turesw By his afliiming the Governn^ent in 
 the Qwhty of a fingle Perfon, he had dii^ 
 pleas'd feveral of bis ftouteft Officers, that 
 were for a free Common*weakh, and there- 
 fore was refolv'd not to employ them further. 
 Among his own Relatioi^s (whom he coulcj 
 beft have trufted) there was not a Perfon fit 
 for this Service. Some of his Council pro- 
 pos'd his Brother-in-Law, "Desborow, bui 
 Cromwel better underftood the Man, and 
 knew him to be a coarfe and boifterous 
 Clown, that wanted Senfe and Difcretion. 
 Fleetwood Was as unfit as the jpeft of them, 
 And for Lambert ^ht refolv'd not to truft 
 him fo far out of his Sight. The only fiiit- 
 able Perfon for ih\s Scotch Expedition was 
 General Monk-, who had reduc'd the Country 
 before, and M'ho teft knew how to handle the 
 Scots. 
 
 IX. His 
 
 I y 1 
 
,ji T%e LIFE of. 
 
 IX His Reputation at Arms was grown 
 equal' v/ith any. of the reft of the EngUJh 
 Commanders, and, by -biS Suceefs mthelaft 
 Stitch War was become their fupenor: So 
 that feveral of tHem :b^a« to emulate and 
 fufped bisi -Gteatiisfs. .,rHe was unluckHy 
 caft among thefe. People, rather by hts: ill 
 Fate, than any Choice pf his own; btitwas 
 ftill efpecially careful tjoi'skeep himlelf from 
 their greater Guilts and Hypocrify. He 
 would never be conccrn'd in any of theu: 
 more fecret Intrigues or Cabals, never pre- 
 tended to their Frenzies of Preaching or 
 Praying, nor to any of their Revelations or 
 Impulfea. But as a flout and valiant EngUJh- 
 maih he loved his Country, and ftill hoped 
 for fome better Scafon to cxpreis it. 
 
 « 
 
 X. Whatever was liiggefted, fo Ibonas 
 the Protedot found, by Conference \vith Ge- 
 neral Monk, that he was no ways diUatisfy d 
 with his diflblving the late Common-wealth 
 Parliament, and that he had no Concern for 
 that Intereft, he prefently entrufted him with 
 the Command of Scotland. And bccaufe all 
 things tlicu nui into greater Diiorder, he was 
 haftcn'd away to his Province, taking his 
 Leave of Crom-s:eh whom he never faw more, 
 
 nor 
 
 nor fet his Foot again vexo England, till he 
 brought back With him the Redemption and 
 Deliverance of his Country. • ' 
 
 XL At his kvi^9^ iiA SmlaM isbout t\\t 
 the X3^ of Aprils he foimd aUi things in Dif- 
 order. A querulous^i'^ifcdntented People; 
 an ungovern'd Army, fiiFd with all Sorts of 
 violent Fanaticks and Anabaptifts, which was 
 the Religion of Qo\onA Lilburn^ their Go- 
 vernor; and they had crouded and juftled 
 the Presbyterian Clergy out of their Kkks 
 and Pulpits, and expos'd their Difcipline to 
 Ridicule. But General Monk^ who was too 
 wary to be concern'd in any of their religious 
 Difputes and Extravagancies, quickly found 
 them fome other kind of Employment for 
 their Diverfion. And having fettled fome ne- 
 ceflary Affairs m Edinbiirgb , he prefently 
 draws out his Army, and marches them up 
 into the High-lands, where he kept them fo 
 clofe to their Work as abated fome of their re- 
 lifl^ious Madnels. - • 
 
 •cl3 CiJT Ci» 
 
 '^^ 
 '» 
 
 til 
 
 CHAP. 
 
64 
 
 ne LIFE of 
 
 \ 
 
 C H A P. VI. 
 
 I The Earl o/Middleton under great 'Diffi- 
 ' culties in the Highlands; -whither Gene- 
 ral Monk, with Major General Morgan, 
 marches sfter him. H. The Earl holds a 
 ■ Council of War, and determines not to 
 
 engage the GeneraFs Forces. ^}\^]^f^ 
 ^Aficretly fromifes the S^oK.c\i Nokhty 
 
 - and Gentry their 'Pardon, upon the tr Sub- 
 miffm, iivbich they feem 'willing to make. 
 IV. Sme of General Monk'j Officers are 
 for compelling them to a Battle, but the 
 General is a^ainji it. V. Ma/or General 
 Morgan defeats a Tarty of the Scotch at 
 Loughgerry ; upon v;hicb the Earl of 
 Middleton efcafes to Holland, and bts 
 Forces lay down their Arms. VI. Gene- 
 ral Monk hires Dalkeith-Ho«/?, "where he 
 keefs his Head-Starters during his Stay 
 in that Country. VII. Regulates the Ct- 
 ■ -vil and Religious Affairs 0/ Scotland, and 
 refrains the Tower of the Kirk. 
 
 l.T^HE Citadel, Forts, and Caftles, and 
 JL all Places of Strength in Scotland, be- 
 ing already poffeffed by the Englijh forces-, 
 the Earl of Middleton, having no Garrifon or 
 
 Retreat 
 
 General Monk. ^S 
 
 ketreat for his Army, defended himfelf in the 
 open Country of the Highlands, where be- 
 fides other Difficulties* he was mach diftref- 
 fed with the Want of Provifion. ^General 
 Monk, before his March up i°;^^»'^^^"^: 
 trv, had already laid up Provifion of Bi^ket 
 and Cheefe in three feveral convenient Places, 
 ^Leith^St.Johnftof^s, zndlnvernefs', for 
 6ther Supplies, they were to ^nf l'^*" ^f f ^ 
 Country as they could: And having left a 
 a Party of Horle and Foot to range about the 
 L(rwlands, and prevent the raifing of more 
 Forces, he, with General ^^rga^.^ ^^^'^ 
 up into the Highlands in two djftmd Bodie^ 
 hW atout two thoufand five hundred Foot, 
 and about fix hundred Horfe in each Party ; 
 with which Force he purfued the Scotch Ar- 
 my, retreating ftiU before hini: And as he 
 took in any Caftles or Place of Strength, he 
 had them prefently fiip^ly'd^with Provifions 
 from his former Stores at St. Johnfton s or 
 Leith, by which Means his Army was never 
 very diftaiit from fome Place of Supply : And 
 at any Stage the Soldiers took with them m 
 tlieir Wacks«ich Provifion of Cheefe^and 
 and Bisket, as ferved them fof^« °^J*Ven 
 Days; it being otherWife impoffible^for Ins 
 96iaiets tof fetve Coun^e to attend the Ene- 
 
 i\ 
 
 II 
 

 6^ the LIFE of 
 
 my through a Country fo defokte and foil of 
 b4s ^ he marched through the Countnes 
 otLands of fuch as were wholly in Arms 
 he deftroy ed almoft all before him ; fo that he 
 Lw at length they would be forc'd to fob- 
 mit or ftarve. 
 
 n The Earl oiMiddleton, obferving daily 
 the Decay of his Forces, and the Ruin of the 
 Country/ was very carncft to ^^^^^'^^^ 
 Battle with General Monk, or with Major Ge- 
 neral Morgafi, who kept on their Way in two 
 mna Bodies, and within four Days March 
 orof another. But this Reiolution was laid 
 afide at a Council of War, upon the Confidera- 
 tion, that if they ihould have the good For, 
 tune to engage one Party with Succefs, the 
 other, being frefti, might advance upon them, 
 bL; the/could be in Condition to receive 
 rfiem, to the Hazard or Lofe of their whole 
 Army. 
 
 Ill But there was alfo another fecretCou- 
 trivance oa Foot, that did moft of all take off 
 the Scotch Nobility and Gentry from commg 
 to an Engagement : For the Ufurpci Crom- 
 >weh being not yet warm in his Scat, ana 
 knowing how many Enemies he had, both to 
 
 General Monk. ^7 
 
 his Perfon and Fortune, had greatly appte- 
 J nded their rifii^ in Scotland ^ a Prehde 
 to a forther Infurredlion in ^«f«^-.^^^^ 
 having greater and more necelTary Affairs 
 upon him, than profecuting a War m the 
 Hkhlmds, had, by his ft^^^., .^g^^J' !^ 
 teipted fome of the Scotch^ohA^vj andGen- 
 try in the Army, and let them know, that, 
 fo^r this their hafty Rifing, he was couK^. 
 
 to accept their Submiffion, and, upon laying 
 down their Arms, and returning q^^^tlyjo 
 their Houfes, they ihould be reftored to thett 
 Eftates and Fortunes. Which bemg offered to 
 them in the midft of fo many Straits, befides 
 the Decay of their Forces, and the ill Pofture 
 of their Affairs, induced them not to pat all 
 to Hazard uponfo great Difadvantage, but ra- 
 thefto fobnJt for the prefent, in Expedatiori 
 of feme more fortunate Opportunity for re- 
 covering their Liberty, and reftonng their 
 King. 
 
 IV Some of the more eager and zealous 
 Officers in the Englijh Army were frequent- 
 ly importunate with him, to come clofe up 
 to the Enemy, and enforce thein to aBatt e. 
 But General Monk better underftood the Na- 
 ture of this War than his inferior Command- 
 
 F X 
 
 ers. 
 
6i ne LIFE of 
 
 crs; and, having continual Account of the 
 Scotch Army by fbme Highlanders, he atflbr- 
 ed his Officers, that the Enemy's Army was 
 in liich Difficulties, and lb daily decreafing, 
 that the Bufinefs would be certainly done 
 without a Battle : Nor did they afterwards 
 find him deceiv'd in his Prognofticks. « 
 
 V. But in the interim M^jor General Mor- 
 gan y with that Parry of the Engli/h Forces 
 under his Command, furpriz'd fome Scotch 
 Forces at Loughgerry^ and utterly defeated 
 them. Upon which the Earl of Middleton 
 retreated to an Ifland, from wheiice after- 
 wards he got back again into Holland. O- 
 thers of the Nobility and Qfficers making 
 their Submiffion, General Mmk fettled con- 
 venient Garrifbns in the Country. And hav- 
 ing perform'd fuch a March through the Coun- 
 try of the Highlands, where no Force of the 
 Englijh had ever left a Footftep behind them, 
 and which the Inhabitants accounted inaccef 
 fiblc to any but themfelves, by the End of 
 Auguft he^rgturn'd to Edinburgh ^ which, be- 
 ing the.capitalCityiof the Nation, was. the 
 jnoft p^pf:r PJ^eirf. Refideoce for the Pre- 
 fedty <$i:idiiff^Goyci3i$>sbj ^£w ^iiiJ ijuId 
 
 ^ 
 
 y 
 
 ;Jii>nibnij ^ril 1)3 >li.„ ^v... 
 
 f. 1 
 
 VI. But 
 
 
 General Monk. 69 
 
 VI. But General Monky who always af- 
 feded the Privacy and Retirement of the 
 Country, and taking a particular Fancy to 
 the Situation of Dalkeith-Houfe, became a 
 Tenant to it : Where he continu'd his Head- 
 Quarters during his more than five Years 
 Command of that Country. It was pleafant- 
 .ly feated in the midft of a Park, and at the 
 commodious Diftance of five Miles fi-om E- 
 dinburgh. Here, in the Intervals of publick 
 Bufinefs, he diverted himfelf with the Plea- 
 fures of Planting and Husbandry ; refembling 
 therein fome of the Confiils and Didators of 
 the ancient Rome ; who, after they had fub- 
 dued Nations, and led Kings in Triumph, re- 
 turn'd again to their Tillage, and with their 
 own Hands dtf (Ted their Trees and Vine- 
 yards. 
 
 VII. Upon the Redudion of the High-^^^^ 
 landsy there being now no Enemy in Arms 
 in Scotland, General Monk found himfelf at 
 Liberty to infped: the Civil Affairs of the 
 Country. And becaufe the Covenanting Cler- 
 gy were grown fo infolent in their Ppwer and 
 Influence over the Government and People, a 
 particular Care was ufed to abate their Rigour. 
 They had indeed the undifturbed Ufe of their 
 
 F 3 J^i^M 
 
 
 \\\ 
 
II 
 
 70 Tlje L I F E of 
 
 Kirks and Preaching during General Monk!% 
 Command ; but were not permitted the Li- 
 Liberty of making Reflexions upon their Su- 
 periors, or the Government, unto which, by 
 the Complexion of their Reh*gion,or the prag- 
 matical Spirit of the Clergy, they are greatly 
 inclined. The Power of Excommunication, 
 and the Confequents upon it, which was the 
 Palladium of Presb) terianifm, was wholly 
 taken from them. Their Presbyteries were 
 indeed connived at, but their general Aflem- 
 blies difturbed and forbidden : So that they 
 who fome Years before, in the Hight and 
 Ruffle of their religious Zeal, being abetted 
 by their Party in England^ had the Confi- 
 dence to outlaw the late King, when he for- 
 bad their Aflemblies, were now io reduced 
 and baffled by the Englijh Army, that they 
 would have diflblved any of their Conventi- 
 ons at the Command of a Corporal. Nor were 
 the Nobility and Gentry permitted to wear 
 Swords, to ride on a Horfe of Value, to pro- 
 fecute their old Animofities among themfelves, 
 nor to exercife any arbitrary and violent Pra- 
 <ftices towards their Inferiors and Servants. 
 
 i-^ •il#.-^*Vl 
 
 CHAP, 
 
 I 
 
 General Monk. 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 7t 
 
 I, Cromwel appoints a Council of StatCy ton- 
 jifting of Seveny whereof General Monk 
 was one. II. Three of the Council after- 
 wards concur with General Monk. III. 
 Colonel Overton endeavours to corrup the 
 Armyy and defigns the AfaJ/tnation of the 
 Generaly but is deteBedy and fint Tri- 
 foner to London. IV. Scotland enjoys 
 great 'Peace and ^Plenty under the Gene- 
 raFs Adminijiration. V. Cromwel jea- 
 lous of him. VI. He is under great Af 
 fiiBion for the Death of his fkcond Son. 
 VII. A friendly Correffondence between 
 the General and the Scotch Nobility and 
 Gentry. VIII. Which was improved by 
 his Enemies to the Confirmation of Crom- 
 ^d'sjealoujy of him i whereupon Qtom- 
 wc\ writes to him. IX. Cronxwd's artful 
 Manner of Writing. X. At the fame 
 Ttme he was very weak in trufting a Ter- 
 fon whom he fuf^eSted with 4 TlMe of 
 Juch Command, 
 
 '■ilOlWiii^ 
 
 HM-i 
 
 I. A NI> »iow the ffoteftor having folly 
 
 ./\ fecured the Subje«aion of Scotland^ 
 
 there wis appointed by the Ufurper a Coun- 
 
 F 4 cU 
 
 \ 
 
71 The LIFE of 
 
 cil of State, for the better Adminiftration of 
 the Civil Government, viz. The Lord Brog- 
 hll^ Prefident of the Council, General George 
 Monkj Colonel Howard^ Colonel W'tUtam 
 Lockhart, Colonel Adrian Scroops Colonel 
 John IVetham^ and Major General T)esbo- 
 row. To this Employment they were au- 
 thorized by a Commiflion under Cromwel's 
 Broad Seal, dated June 1655-, though they 
 came not down to exercife their Commiflion 
 in that Nation till about the middle of Sef- 
 tember following. By which they were en- 
 abled to order and difpofe of the Revenues in 
 Scotland^ to appoint the Officers of the Ex- 
 chequer, the Commiflioners of Excife and 
 Cuftoms, and of the Sequeftrations, and all 
 fubordinate Officers under them. They had 
 alio the Nomination of all Juftices of the 
 Peace, of Sheriffs and CommiflTories in the 
 feveral Counties ; which Commiflaries kept 
 their Courts for Probate of Wills, and grant- 
 ing Adminiflrations in their relpedive Limits. 
 And by an additional Power from Cromwely 
 they were afterwards authorized to approve 
 and allow of all Incumbents that were to 
 - be admitted into any JEcckfiaftical Bene- 
 nee. 
 
 ^;^^ 
 
 C^t^^V 
 
 ■^il ^i^fHl \ D^uii^ii bau .^^^i?>^^^^^ '^j ^^^ 
 
 tf. .liwii.. V 
 
 "'^il 
 
 General Monk. 73 
 
 II. This Coundl was continued in Scot- 
 Jand during the Ufurpation of Cromwel and 
 his Son. But three of thofc Commiffipners^ 
 namely, the Lord Broghil Earl of Orre- 
 ry^^ Colonel Howard Earl oi Carlile^ and 
 Colonel Whetham^ who was Governour of 
 Tortfmotithj did afterwards very cfFedually 
 co-operate with General Monk in thofe great 
 and happy Alterations, which at laft intro- 
 duced the King. 
 
 III. About this Time the Common-wealth 
 Party in the Army, who fecretly maligned 
 the Protedor's Government, were framing 
 Defigns againft him, which were to take Ef- 
 fed: in the Armies of all the three Nations. 
 Among whom Colonel Overton was one, 
 who had fo far diflembled his Difcontents, 
 as to obtain the Command of Major Ge- 
 neral of the Infantry in General Monk^s 
 Army; where he quickly fell to pradifii^ 
 upon tl\e difcontented Party of the Soldiers, 
 and had iet up Agitators to corrupt the parti- 
 cular Regiments ; fo that under the old Pre- 
 tence of fee king the Lordy a confiderable 
 Number of Male-contents met in order to 
 this Defedion at Aberdeen. He had held f^- 
 
 Vleetings, and framed a finart De- 
 claration 
 
 ] 1 \\ 
 
'74 The LI FE of 
 
 cIa»atioD againft Cromkl and the Govern- 
 Went; proceeding ft) far as to defign to him- 
 self the chief Command of the EngUjh Army 
 ■Ih Scotland, which could not be effeded but 
 by the Death of General Moxk^ whom they 
 Ijad refolv'd to furprize dn New-Tears Day 
 in the Morning, and Miks S'mdercomb (af- 
 terwards more femous for dcfigning upon the 
 Life of the Protedor Cromwel) was one of 
 the Aflaflins. All this Pradice was hot fo 
 fccretly carry'd, but the wary General had 
 Notice of it. And having taken Care for his 
 own Security, he fuffered Overton and his 
 Accomplices to proceed, till he had fufficient 
 Matter againft them, and then imprifon'd 
 them all in their feveral Quarters. Overton 
 be fent up to London to be reckon'd with by 
 the Protedor himfelf, who laid him faft in the 
 Tower, having before fecured many other 
 OfficCTS of the Fadion in feveral Goals and 
 and Caftles. Overtori%, Regimeht was given 
 to Major General Morgan, and for. the reft 
 of the Confederates, General Monk imprifon- 
 ed or calhired them. 
 
 . , . IV. After this ItttleMaHnjr in Seotlmdy 
 we find no more Diforders iathe Country 
 during the General's Conunand there ; but an 
 
 univerfal 
 
 GENERAL Monk. 7% 
 
 univerfal Peace among them; and (the Ef- 
 fed: of Peace) an univerfal Plenty and Trade. 
 For the General was always very carefiil ia 
 providing the Pay for his Army, both by the 
 Tax in Scotland^ the fixty thoufand Pounds 
 fer Menfemj and what was further affigned 
 from England. So that the Soldiers, being 
 well paid, were inabled to difcharge their 
 Quarters duly, and the Money did fo univer- 
 fally circulate through the Country, that there 
 was never known fo much ready Coin in 
 Scotland^ as during General Monk's Com- 
 mand there. He had formed his Army to a 
 very exad Difcipline, fo that nothing waS 
 more rare than to hear of any Mutinies a- 
 mong themlelves, or Depredations on the 
 People: Infomuch that though General Afo»^ 
 continued among them to fecure their Subjc- 
 jedion, yet they had a great Opinion of his 
 Generofity and Juftice; and fo much Kind^ 
 nefs for his Soldiers, during a long and peace- 
 able Neighbourhood together, that they look- 
 ed upon them no otherwife than as Natives 
 of the Place, or a Part of their Country ; and 
 as Guardians rather of their Safety and Li^ 
 berty, than Inftruments of their Servitude 
 and^bjedioo. 
 
 I •'» 
 
 \ 
 
 tfd ;r. \ btmn -v -^ ^hnr-ita^xj sn:' 
 
 V. Hitherto 
 
 i 
 

 76 ne LIFE of 
 
 V. Hitherto the Protedor had wanted 
 Leifure, or Pretence, to remove General 
 Monk from his fo long Command in Scot- 
 landy yet his Jealoufy found out other Ways 
 to prevent him from having too much Influ- 
 ence over his Army, by removing often fomc 
 Regiments which he moft trufted, and fend- 
 ing down to him all thofe reftlefs and violent 
 Parties, which he could lead govern in Eng- 
 land. And thefe furious and hair-brain'd Se- 
 aaries gave him frequently a great deal of 
 Trouble, before he could take down their 
 Mettle, and bring them to live quietly in their 
 Quarters, and to know Difcipline. 
 
 VI. About this Time, as an Allay to his 
 Felicities, General Monk loft his fecond Son 
 George, who, in his Infancy, dy'd of a Fea- 
 ver, attended with Convulfion Fits, and was 
 buried in the Chapel oi'Dalkrtth-Houfe. The 
 Death of this Child affeded the General with 
 fo unufual and deep a Sorrow, as was greatly 
 admired by thofe, who know not that, in the 
 higheft Course, there is a Mixture of the 
 grcateft Tendernefs ; or have not read, how 
 that the brave JEmylius was fo concern'd 
 for the Death of his two Children, that it 
 took from him the chief Satisfedlion of his 
 
 late 
 
 V.' - 
 
 • y 
 
 General Monk. ^^7 
 
 late Vidories, and withered the Laurels of 
 his Triumph. 
 
 VII. Since the Infurredtion of the High- 
 /andersy there had been for fbme Years no 
 confiderable Hoftility in Scotland. And Time, 
 that overcomes all things, had worn out in 
 a great Meafure the Memory of all paft Ani- 
 mofities. So that the Nobility and Gentry; 
 of Scotland came to a better Underftanding 
 of their General, whom they frequently vifit- 
 cd ; and there were among them feveral wor- 
 thy and honourable Perfons, for whom Gene- 
 ral Af<?»i had a very particular Eftimation, info- 
 much as he frequently defired their Converfa- 
 tion, and did advile with them in the Manage- 
 ment of feveral publick Affairs in their Coun- 
 try. Even the brave and vahant Party of the 
 MontroJJians had a Place in his Eftimation 
 and Kindnefs, fo far as the Condition of Af- 
 fairs then , and the jealous Temper of the 
 Age would admit. And though General Mmtk 
 abated nothing of his Difcipline, yet by his 
 other Methods of Moderation and Prudence, 
 he had fa far obliged all Parties, that whilft 
 the iPwe?j^r, with aU^hisrArts of terriiying 
 or inft^rixiJQg, could aot^ keep \mMi a Year 
 roan^, %JBoDerigns ! or Infarrie<aioas againft 
 
 him 
 
 i' 
 
78 TT^e LIVE of 
 
 him in Enghndy General Monk continued 
 the Government in Scotland without any 
 further Plot or Pradice upon him. 
 
 i<Jf8 VIII. But this his quiet and peaceful Go- 
 . vermnent of Scotland, and the general Efti- 
 mation that waited on him there, was, by his 
 Enemies in the Country, and others about 
 the Protedor, reprefented as a jealous In- 
 ftance And CromweU whofe Humours to- 
 wards his Declcnfion, grew like other Li- 
 quors near their Bottom, Iharp and wrbid, 
 had entertain'd fome ApFebenfion of hmi. 
 The Difcontents between him and his late 
 Parliament, and the Difcovery of another 
 new Plot upon him, ^^^ him to . other 
 Thoughts: Only fome while before his 
 DeatS he wrote to him a Letter with his 
 own Hand, containing only general Matters 
 relating to the Government; but m his Poft- 
 fcripthefubjoins: ^, ,„r^ 
 
 here be that tell me, that there ts a cer- 
 tain cunning Fellow in Scotland called 
 Geoffie Monk, who is faid to lye tn watt 
 thereto introduce Ch^\ss Stuart; I^f^J^ 
 your 'Diligence to afp-ehend htm, ana jena 
 him uf to me. 
 
 DC. This 
 
 General Monk. 79 
 
 IX. Th I s was a kind of Grimace in thfe 
 ProtecJlor, to wrap up his Sulpicions in Drol- 
 lery : And it was another Part of his Cun- 
 ning, to place that in a Poftfcript which m 
 Reality was the main Occafion of the Later:, 
 
 X. And here I defire my Reader to obr 
 ferve, that the Sufpicion upon General Mmk. 
 of reftoring King Charles, did not firft arife 
 from his wary Reftrvednels, and ftudied Con- 
 cealments of himlelf, in his celebrated March 
 ftom Colejiream ; but it was an Apprehenfion 
 that did long before diftrefs the Minds of 
 thofe, who had been guilty of excluding his 
 Majefty from his Dominions, and whofe In- 
 tereft therefore it was to hinder his Return, 
 
 . It was certainly a great Overfight inCrom- 
 wel to continue fo great a Command, as the 
 Government of Scotland, in the Hands of 
 General Monk, of whom he could have no 
 great Security from his Principles, nor as 
 partaking with him jn mutual Guilts. But 
 whatever his feeret Refentments were, they 
 proceeded no ftirther, being prevented by his 
 own Death, which quickly after enfued on 
 September y. 1658. a Day which in his Life- 
 time he had kept as an annivetfary Feftival, 
 and now by bis Death made it truly fuch to 
 
 1 the 
 
w 
 
 80 Tie L I F E of 
 
 the Common-wealth. And now having five 
 Years followed Providence in doing all the 
 Mifchief he was able, he left the Uliirpation 
 with fo little Content to himfelf, or Hopes 
 of its Continuance, that he had taken no 
 Care of the Succeflion, if he had not been put 
 upon it by the Importunities of thofe abbut 
 him. ' - ' 
 
 CjEneral Monk. 
 
 8t 
 
 T^J .» 
 
 ■■1 X 
 
 t i 
 
 C H A P,,, VIII. 
 
 I. Cromwel dies^ and his Son Richard Is fro- 
 claimed at Edinburgh, who fends Letters 
 of Compliment to General Monk. II. The 
 State e?/ England at that Time, A "Par- 
 liament called. Some of the Members ca- 
 bal againji the young TroteBor, The Com- 
 mons refent it ; while the Trote£ior by 
 the Jdvice of Thmlpc, di/places /ome of^ 
 the Officers of the' Army, the Houfe of 
 Lords, on the contrary, favouring them. 
 III. The "Parliament difolved; by which 
 means the Officers recover their "Places 
 and Interest . IV. And are for reftoring 
 the Rump Parliament, V. Fle^ood 
 and Dcsborow defert the Intereft of the 
 
 TroteStor^ 
 
 ^fote^or, and fall into LatobertV Med- 
 fures. VI. The "ProteBor turned out% 
 VII. And the Rumf "Parliament reftored\ 
 with the Reafons of thai Refolution. VIII. 
 The Runip Tarliamenti to fecure them*' 
 /elves, empower their Speaker to grant 
 Commiffions in the Army, appointing a Com-- 
 mittee of Seven for the Nomination of 
 Officers, IX. General MonkV Conduct up^ 
 on thefe Alterations. Xi The Loyalifts in 
 England take Advantage from them. XI. 
 How the Kin^^ Affairs had been managed 
 fince the "Death of his Father. XII. The 
 Presbyterians join with the Royalijis^ 
 their Reafons for fo doing. 
 
 He Death of the Protedor, and the 
 Orders for ptcclaiming his Son, came 
 
 T 
 
 to General Monk to "Dalkeith much at the 
 fame Time. And prelently after Richard 
 Cromwel was proclaimed at Edinburgh, but 
 With fo cold and indifferent Ceremony, both 
 in the People and Englijh Army, that it 
 feem'd rather an Ad of Obedience than Af- 
 fedion. But to fettle a better Underftanding 
 With General Monk, the Protedor Richard 
 fent ptefently Commiflary Clarges with Let- 
 ters to him, both to compliment his farther 
 
 G Service, 
 
 i \\ 
 
 ■ t\ 
 
8i TloeLIFEof 
 
 Service, and to defire his Advice. They who 
 converfed with General Monk in thofe Times, 
 have reported it as his Opinion, that if O//- 
 ver Cromwel had lived, he could not have 
 heU the Government much longer : And 
 therefore for his eafy Sqd, he preiently fore- 
 faw, he would not be able to continue his 
 Station many Months. Yet he rcturn'd him 
 very civil and wary Anfvvers to his Letters, 
 and carefully fecuringhis own Command, he 
 was refolved not to concern himfelf with the 
 Affairs of England\ but to leave the young 
 Protedor to the Condud of thofe about him, 
 and his own hafty Deftiny. 
 
 II. The laft Protedor had left his Son 
 many Enemies againft his Government, and 
 thofe he could truft were rather Friends to 
 his Fortune than himielf He had left the 
 Government in fuch a miferable Condition, 
 with fo many Debts and Arrears to his Army, 
 that his Son was not able to keep open Doors 
 any longer, without the Help of a Parlia- 
 ment, which was convened to fit down Ja- 
 1659 nuary the I7'^confiftingof an Houfe of Com- 
 mons, and another they call'd in thofe Times, 
 the Other Houfe. lo this AiTembly there 
 were fo many returned of different Humours 
 
 ■.. and 
 
 General Monk. 83 
 
 atnd Principles, that againft the openir^ of the 
 Parliament, many of the Officers of the Ar- 
 my haften'd up to London^ where^ meeting 
 feveral others formerly difoblig'd by the late 
 Protedor, they fell preiently to caballing 
 with other Male-contents, how to wreft the 
 Government from his Son ; of this Party one 
 of the leading Perlbns was Colonel Lambert y 
 whole concealed Ambition began now to dif 
 cover it felf They had held feveral Meetings 
 in order to thefe Ends, with fo much Cere- 
 mony, as if they had been the hereditary 
 Princes of the Nation ; and had fo fool'd 
 Fleetwood and T>esbordWy and other half^ 
 witted People of CromwePs Alliance, who 
 had no true Notion of their own and Crom- 
 wel^ s Intereft, that they law not their Error 
 till it was too late to retrieve it. Thefo bold 
 and open Aflemblies of the Officers gave 
 fome Alarm to the Commons then fitting, 
 who difcover'd their Jealoufy afikt Dilpleafore 
 againft thefe Conventions, by thek voting a- 
 gainft them, and favouring rather the Intereft 
 of the young Protedor, while the other Houfe 
 abetted the Aflembly of the ^miy-Officers 
 ^^ainft him ; who at laft ran into ftich high 
 and iiifoleilt Refolves, as the Protedor iJi- 
 thard^^s prudently advis'd to feciHre their 
 
 G % Perfons, 
 
§4 The LIFE of 
 
 Perfbns, then affemblcd in Sir Henry Vdn^^ 
 
 or Sir Arthur Hazlerig's Houfe, and difpofe 
 
 of their Commands. But his Secretary 77j;/r- 
 
 loe perfuaded him to recall their Commiflions, 
 
 yet to leave their Pcrfons at Liberty. By 
 
 which timorous and middle ;)CounfeJ, he had 
 
 no way oblig'd them lo continue his Matter's 
 
 Friends, nor difabl'd them ftom becoming his 
 
 Enemies. ; Vj ^j 
 
 ffonrjlol- • 
 III. The Officers of tlie Army did hitherto 
 
 greatly fear the Influence and Difpleafiire of 
 the Houfe of Commons, as they defpis'd the 
 Weaknefs and Incapacity of their ProtecStor 
 Richard^ and therefore infolently compel- 
 ling him to difl!blve their Seflion, they then 
 prefently feiz'd the Army wholly into their 
 own Hands, difplaciug all Officers that moft 
 favoured the Protedlorate, by which Altera- 
 tion Colonel Lambert^ and the reft of thole 
 dilcarded Commanders, recover'd again their 
 Stations in the Army^ojiil i 
 
 \n ■ "^i. 
 
 
 « ,Ut>liiLt(li* JOli 
 
 f-' 
 
 VJ '' 
 
 IVi The Protedor's [Relations were all 
 this while fo. ftupid and fenfelefs, that they 
 <lid not yet' difcern they had rained them- 
 felves and him, by this Breach upon his 
 Power: But being ftill fooled with a Bell and 
 
 a 
 
 General Monk. 8j 
 
 a Rattle, they had the Vanity to perfiiade 
 him, all fhould be very well with him, and 
 tho' he had loft his Authority, yet he fhould 
 continue his Government. But at the next 
 Meeting of thofe Officers they quickly found 
 their Error, when it was paft Remedy; for 
 tho' thefe People^ who had magnify'd the 
 Cromweisj as the Mo/es that had led them 
 out of the Houfe of Bondage, of a ludden 
 took up a Relblution to fet up Fleetwood 
 their Captain, and to return again into M^ 
 gypt. For now nothing would pleafe them, 
 but to reftore the late Tail of a Parliament, 
 to whole DiiTolution five Years ago moft of 
 them had been confenting ; and Ibme of them 
 had adually affifted Cromwel in pulling them 
 out of the Houfe, ^nd expofing them to the 
 World as a Pack of Knaves and Villains, who 
 had fpent more than ten Years time there in 
 cheating the Nation. Notwithftanding their 
 former Contempt of them, when it ferved 
 their Ambition or Intereft,. the religious Hy^^ 
 pocrites were not afliamed, by their Declara- 
 tion May 6. to proclaim the fame People, the 
 eminent AfTerters of the good old Caufe, and 
 liich as had a fpecial Prefence of God with 
 them, and were fignally blelTed in thq 
 Work. ... , iioiQz 
 
 G 3 *^ V. Fleett 
 
>«!•" 
 
 U The LIFE of 
 
 V. Fleetwood and TfesSorow d\6 cifi- 
 ' ly difcern, that the Difcourfe among them 
 for reftoring the late Parliament, muft prove 
 the certain Ruin of the Prote<aorare. And 
 when they had foiindt that, by 'their own ill 
 Management or Credulity, they had utterly 
 loft i2/VA^r^/'s Game^ they took Care to fave 
 their own Stake, and to: fecurc their high 
 Commands in the Army, by complying with 
 Lambert and the other Oi&ters, leaving their 
 young Kinfman friendlefs and defencelcfs to 
 the Contempt and Revenge of his Enemies. ' 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 87 
 
 J!:U 
 
 VI. And thiK ended the Ufurparion of 
 the Cromwelsy begun by the Villanies and 
 Fallhoods of the Father, and concluding in 
 the Follies of the Son; and the ii^rae People 
 that had been the Afcent to the one, became 
 the Precipice to the other: They who had 
 fo officioufly lait Oliver their Hand to raifc 
 him up J were now as bufy with their Feet to 
 kick down Richard, r ^ 
 
 Vlli The Officers of die Army, who hadr 
 thus thrown down the Protcdiorate, had no 
 other Authority to which they could rctrtat, 
 but reftorii^ the old i Common-wealth Parlia-f 
 ment. They could notfupport the Govern- 
 
 3 ment 
 
 ment by a military Council of their own, 
 becaufe that Conftitution could raife no Mo- 
 ney, which was then, extranely wanted. And 
 the great ones wer6^ gr6wn to lu6h an Height 
 of Self-opinion and. Jiealoufy of each other, 
 that they could never thgree to fiAmit to any 
 fmgle Perlbn cliofen from among themfelves ; 
 nor could they truft a new Parhamant^ which 
 was likely enough to declare them Rebels. 
 There was therefSte no other Way but to 
 mount their good old: Caufe again upon this 
 Rump of the late Long-Parliament, and to 
 ride till fome of them (having ripen'd their 
 Defigns)' could find an h^her Ground to a- 
 light at. 
 
 Vllt Thi: Members of the late Long Par- 
 liament gave good Words to them that had 
 reftored them, now a fecond Time, to a Ca- 
 pacity bf doing further Mifchief Yet they 
 were refolv'd fitft to^ fecure their own Station, 
 by fixing the Army in a more c^fraioDcpen- 
 dance upon themlelves. And to that End, 
 though they gfanteaJ w>Fketwmd ^ Gommift 
 fion tocoii«mnd as'Gericralf yet aliow'd him 
 no Powe^^toc figa CJommiflioBS to otheis, h\x% 
 refold that Troftnfor ihe Speaker of their 
 Houfc^ from whofe (Hands only all ConMuiir 
 
 G 4 fions, 
 
'1 
 
 88 The LIFE of 
 
 fions fiiould pafs. And at the fame Time apr 
 pointed a Committee of feven Perfons, viz. 
 Lieutenant General Fleetwood^ Sir Henry 
 Vane^ Sir Arthur Hazier ig^ Colonel Lam^, 
 l^eru ^esboro^j^r Laidl(rji\ ^n^ Berry j with 
 Authority to model the Army, aod difplace 
 all fuch Officers in the three Nations ^s they 
 thought fit. Ji^ '^- '^^» 
 
 IX. General M?;5?i Tat all thi^while fh 
 lent ivL Scotland, keeping a very ftcady Ey(? 
 upon all thefe feveral Scenes and Alterations in 
 London. And knowing himfelf to be in a 
 Station fo confiderable, as they would be en- 
 forced to make Applications to him, he was 
 xefolv'd to keep himfelf at a Diftance, and fc- 
 cure his own Command, leaving them a while 
 to manage their Game at their own Rat?, 
 
 ^>io i ■;(' 
 
 X. Nor did the loyal Party in England 
 ftand as idle and unconcerned Spcdators upon 
 this great Change of Affairs. They bad in- 
 deed unfortunately loft the Field in the Civil 
 War; but yet conttivM the Cootintiiince of 
 feveral Infurredions andPaftiesi in o^erto 
 reftore the Monarchy V ^fch hfthctt^y, % 
 the Vigilance of their Enemies, or tile Trear 
 chery of foipe among tjiemfelves, hiA been 
 
 fruftrated. 
 
 m\ 
 
 Gekejial Monk. 89 
 
 fiuftmted. ' Yet fuppdrting themtelves with 
 the Affurance and Co»fcienQe,,pf fo good a 
 Caufc, they kept up f heir Hopes and Endea- 
 vours, and, with ayeiy fiagular Attention, 
 obfcrvkl thofe wild Al^ralions and Inconftanr 
 cies of their Enwnies,(hoping ijhis their. Giddir 
 nefs, by fo many turniags round, would eu^ 
 force their Fall at the laft. 
 
 Xli H I s MajeftyV Affairj .in England, 
 fmcc the Death of hi* Father, had/bcen mar 
 naged by a fecret Conclave chofen out of the 
 loyal Nobility, and other Perfons of Hopour 
 and Quality, that had furviv'd the late War 
 on the King's Side: And were authorized tp 
 this Employment 1^ a Commiffipn under, his 
 Majefty's Hand; as the Earl of. OA?f«r^, Earl 
 of Northampton^ Sir JobnQreeimk, now 
 Earl of Bath, the Lord Viicount Mordant^ 
 the Lord BeUafis, Colonel JehnRuffely Co. 
 lonel of his Majefty's. Guards, Sir. WiUiaftt 
 CrnnptottySxit GeB«?al of thc^ Ordnance, Sir 
 Orlando BridgmoH^ late Lord Kepp^ o^the 
 Great S^lj' S»r 5?«#3! y^w^/f^kte. Attorney 
 genM, Colonel j^i^A^^««?-^?i??i}pP« of the 
 Gentlemen of lii^AIajefty'&^^slchamber, Co- 
 lonel ,£</'5£'<?r^„^:5^JW5>t^ ^ B^dcijaraber if) 
 M& Mr^^^^^rmv ^ev:port. Brother 
 
 r." 
 
 to 
 
po The LIFE of 
 
 to the Lord Newport, D^ Hewit ; and to 
 thefe was unfortunately added Sir Richard 
 Willis, who afterwards fell into Sufpicion, 
 and was not entrufted. Some of thefe fccret 
 Commiflioners were always refiding in Lon- 
 don, both to hold Intelligence with feveral 
 Perfons of Worth and Loyalty, that were 
 engag'd for his Majetty's Service in every 
 County of England, and alfo to tranliiiit to 
 his Majefty an Account of things according 
 to any new Emergency. 
 
 Xn. About this Time feveral of the 
 Royal Party found a fair Opportunity to in- 
 large their Intereft, by the Acceflion of feve- 
 ral among the more moderate of the Presby- 
 terians. The reftoring again the Tail of the 
 late Parliament, had greatly dilbblig'd that 
 Party ; and the rather, becaufe all the PreC- 
 byterian Members (who had as much Right 
 to fit as the other) were kept out by the In- 
 folence of the Jundo, being abetted by the 
 Power of their Army. Thefe Refentments 
 run at laft fo high in the whole Body of the 
 Presbyterians, that, difdaining to fubmit a- 
 gain to a Jundo of Knaves that had fool'd 
 and cozen'd them, and to their boifterous Ar- 
 my of Fanaticks, they chofe rather to join 
 
 them- 
 
 H 
 
 General Monk. 91 
 
 themfelves to their old Enemy the Royal Par- 
 ty, for the Recovery of their common Li- 
 berty. 
 
 u 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 "K 
 
 hjin univerfal Injiirretiion in every Coun- 
 ty agreed upfh and a "Declaration for the 
 Freedom of Parliaments^ without men- 
 timting King or Monarchy. Sir George 
 Booth the firfithat appeared in it. IL A 
 farther "Defign to attempt the bringing o- 
 ver feme of the Officers : General Monk 
 e (teemed the mofi likely to befrevaiFd up- 
 Mj and Sir John Greenvil the moft fro- 
 ftr "Per fin to befentto him for that pur- 
 pofe. III. An Account of Sir John Gjrecn- 
 vil : His ^efcentj with fame Account of 
 bis Father. His feveral Advancements 
 and ConduB m the Army. IV. Compounds 
 for his Eftate, and lives retired upon the 
 Seat of the Family at Kelhampton. V. 
 Trefentis Mr. Nicholas Monk, Brother to 
 the General^ to the Living ^Kelhampton. 
 VI. Whofi Trefentation is admitted by 
 
 the 
 
1 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 Sfi ne LIFE of 
 
 the Committee of Tryers. VII. Sir John 
 ' leaves the Count yy , and refides in Lon- 
 don, for the Difcharge of a Comm'tJJion 
 from the King, He recommends Mr. Ni- 
 fchplas Monk to the King^ as a ft Terfon 
 to be fent to the General in Scotland. 
 VIII. The King's Letter to Sir John for 
 that fiirpofe. IX, The King's Letter to 
 the General X. Sir John acquaints Air. 
 Nicholas Monk, then in Cornwal, with 
 the Kin^sT^ leafier e^ who readily accepts 
 the Truft') and immediately repairs to Lon- 
 don to Sir John, and from thence to Scot- 
 land. XI. Mr. Monk arrives in Scot- 
 land, and commufiicates his Buftnefs to 2)r. 
 Price, the General's Chaflain^ who gives 
 him fome InJiruBions about the Manage- 
 ment of it. XII. Mr. MonkV Interview 
 with^ and Reception from^ the General. 
 XIII. The Committee make feveral Alte- 
 rations in the General's Army-, which he 
 refufes to comply withy but improves them 
 to the Service of that Refolution which he 
 had taken upon the King's Meffage to him. 
 > IV. An Oath of Secrecy. XV. And a 
 declaration to the Junilo^ f^g^^ed by the 
 General and his Officers ; wherein the 
 Juniio 'Ji^^s commanded to fill up their 
 
 Membersy 
 
 General Monk. 93 
 
 Members^ and to provide for frequent 
 Parliaments. A remarkable' Exprejfion 
 of the General's to T>r. Price. XVI. Sir 
 George Booth defeated. XVII. "Vpon 
 which the General burns the "Declaration. 
 XVIIi. The JunBo and their Army in 
 England difagrees. XIX. The Army fends 
 to their Brethren in Ireland, and to Gene- 
 ral Monk in Scotland, for their Concur^ 
 rence againji the Parliament ; whereupon 
 General Monk declares for the "Parlia- 
 ment. 
 
 m 
 
 LTp H E King's Commiflioners very well 
 1 underftood how to deal with thefe 
 People, and to make ufe of their Intereft; 
 and therefore having firft agreed, that an uni* 
 verfal Infurredion Ihould be made in every 
 County of England., and every one upon the 
 fame Day (for which leveral Perfons of Qua- 
 lity had undertaken) ihey confented, that the 
 firft Appearance ihould be of fuch Perfons on- 
 ly as had not been engag'd on the King's Side 
 in the late War ; thereby both to prevent; the 
 greater Jealoufy of the Army againft them, 
 and with Hopes ta have drawn over the more 
 moderate Party among .the Soldiers. They 
 agreed alfo to a Declaration, which iliould 
 
 not 
 
94 TT^^ Z. / /' E of 
 
 hot mention the King, nor monarchical Go- 
 vernment, but only for the Freedom of Par- 
 liaments, according to the known Laws, and 
 for Liberty and Property of the People. And 
 in this Infurredion the firft and only Perlbn 
 that appeared was Sir George Booth. 
 
 IL But befides thisDefign of an univerfal 
 Infurredion, (which, if it had fucceeded 
 right, had given the Jundo and their Army 
 Trouble enough) it was refolv'd by his Maje- 
 fty and his Privy-Council at Bruffels^ to at- 
 tempt the Allegiance of ibme principal Com- 
 manders in the Engllflo Army. And that 
 fince it had not been polTible to deal with 
 them while united, to fee what good might 
 be done by engaging one Party againft the o- 
 ther, which was an Experiment that could 
 never yet be made. Upon an exad Confide- 
 ration of feveral great Officers among them 
 all, there was no Perfon of whom they could 
 entertain any probable Hope but General 
 Monk in Scotland^ who, being a Gentleman 
 born, and of better Qiiality than moft among 
 them, and ha^illg formerly been in the Ser- 
 vice of the late King, and no way concerned 
 in their Principles and deeper Guilts, might 
 be thought, by the Condition of the Com- 
 mand 
 
 General Monk. py 
 
 mand he held, to be a Perfon very proper for 
 luch a Service as this : Nor were there want- 
 ing certain Conceits and Forebodings in the 
 Minds of Men concerning him. Having there- 
 fore refolv'd to make fome Attempt upon 
 him, the next Care was in the Choice of a 
 Perfon fit to undertake it. When it w as fea* 
 fonably remember'd, that there was a very 
 near Relation between General Monk and Sir 
 John Greenvil^ one of the fecret Commit^ 
 fioners above-mentioned. And therefore 
 there was dilpatch'd to him a particular 
 CommifTion, to find out fome Way of treat- 
 ing privately with General Monkj in order 
 to his Majefty's Service. > 
 
 And becaufe we are here fallen upon the 
 mention of a Perfon, that was fo principally 
 concern'd in the great Affair we have under* 
 taken to relate, and made fo confiderable a 
 Figure in it, I muft lead the Reader a few 
 Steps backward, for the giving him a clear 
 Profped into the following Relation. 
 
 , III. Sir John Greenvil was the eldeft Son 
 of the valiant and loyal Sir Bevil Greenvil 
 of Kelkhampon in Cornwall who, at his 
 own Charge in the Year 1638. rais'd a Troop 
 of Horfe to attend his late Majefty, in hjf 
 
 firft 
 
96 
 
 rioe LIFE of 
 
 firfl Expedition againft the Scots ; and, being 
 afterwards returned Knight of the Shire fof 
 Cortrji'al in the late Long Parliament, was 
 fent down by the King to fettle the Commif- 
 fion of Array in that County; After which 
 he led on the Cornijh Forces againft the Rc^ 
 bels in ^evonjhire^ and the Weftern Coun- 
 ties, where he obtained feveral confiderable 
 Vidories both at Bodmin and Lancefton^ &c. 
 and afterwards in the Battle of Landfdown 
 loft his Life, valiantly fighting in the midft of 
 his Enemies, by whom he was kill'd with 
 many Wounds. This Gentleman^ his Son, 
 Sir John Greenvily now Earl of Bath at fif- 
 teen Years of Age commanded his Father's 
 Regiment, and afterwards was entaifted with 
 five Regiments added to it, with which 
 Force he fucceisfully ferved the King in the 
 Weftern Parts of England ; from whence 
 inarching afterwards^ at the fecond Battle of 
 Ne-juberry^ expofing himfelf very far, he was 
 dangeroufly wounded. At eighteen Years of 
 Age he was made Gentleman of the Bed- 
 chamber to the Prince, his prefent Majefty* 
 whom (after all was loft in England) he at- 
 tended in his Exile abroad. And whilft his 
 Majefty ftay'd at the Hague^ the Garrifon and 
 Wanders of Sails revolted from the Parlia* 
 
 ment 
 
 «• 
 > 
 
 General Mcii^k. 97 
 
 hient, and, having fei^'d their Governor they 
 fenc their Submiffion to his Majefty, defrnng 
 him to fend them a Governor, and fonie more 
 Forces Whereupon the King* knowing the 
 Courage and Reiblution of ^xz John Green- 
 viL befides the Intereft which his Name apd 
 Family had in thofe Weftern Parts, thoi^ht 
 him die fitteft Perfon for this Service r au| 
 immediately fent him to command the Illapd, 
 with Diredions alfo for the Marquifs of Or. 
 inottdy.i6kadihm three hundred Soldiers out 
 oUreUnd, which were accordingly difpatch- 
 ed over to Scillj}/. But the ParUament at Ff^efl- 
 minfterMy'rog brought all £«^/-«,»^ into S^b- 
 jeaion, having lately reduc'd/rf>//iW,.and be- 
 ing in a fair Way for conquering Scot land, dSS- 
 oain'd to be out-brav'd by twq or three little I- 
 ilandsi and.therefore, 1651, they order'd their 
 Admiral Blake and Aifcough, with a good 
 Force .of Men of War and Soldiers, to attack 
 the Ifland. He came before ^'f/Z/y .with fo 
 fconfiderable a Forces that Sir John Greenvil, 
 and tbbfe Officers with himj prefently found 
 they ftiould not be loiig able to hold, the Ifland 
 agaiiift him. But putting a good face upon 
 an ill Bufinefs, they flighted bis Summons^ 
 and prepared themfelves for Defence : Yet af- 
 terx^ds, coming to a Treaty, the Ifland w^^ 
 
 H furfCDidcr'd 
 
 I 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 98 the LIFE of 
 
 fiirrenderM upon Articles fo honourable and 
 advantagious to the Befieg'd, that the Parlia- 
 ment refus'd to coiifirm them. But General 
 Blake ^ who was a Perlbn of Honour and Ge- 
 nerofity, telling his Matters how little he 
 car'd to keep his Commiffion otherwife than 
 by keeping his Word, they were at laft con- 
 tented, that this Agreement ihould be al- 
 JowU 
 
 IV. By the Benefit of thefe Articles, Sir 
 John Greenvil came into a Condition to 
 compound for his Eftate, and to live quietly 
 in his own Country. And retiring himfelf to 
 his Seat at Kelkbmnpton in Cornwall aipon 
 the Borders oi^evonjhire^ he found not on^ 
 ly his Eftate, but alio the Parfbnage, under 
 Sequeftration. The Incumbent Mr. Rowfe^ 
 being turn'd out of his Living for Difaffedion 
 to the Parliament, the Sequeftrator had in- 
 troduc'd his Son. But feme while after Sir 
 John Greenvirs Return thither, by the Death 
 of Mr. Rowfe^ the Living came again into 
 Sir John's Gift. The Sequeftrator was very 
 carneft with him, to confirm his Son-in-Law, 
 by granting him the Prefentation ; and the 
 Value was confiderable with the very beft of 
 the Country, being worth tluee hundred 
 
 Pound 
 
 General Monk. 9^ 
 
 Pounds f^r Ann. In thofe villainous Timei 
 the fequeftred loyal Party found it their Intc- 
 reft, to grsttify and oblige thofe PuWicsins and 
 Sequeftrators ; but Sir Johfi Greenvil had & 
 greater Defign in his Eye than his own pri- 
 vate Advantage ; for both himfelf, and ft>m6 
 other of his Relations, wer6 ' not without 
 Hopes, but that, at one Time or other, their 
 Coufin Monk in Scotland might become an 
 nfeftil Man for his Majcfty's Service ; infl 
 though he wanted Opportunity of obliging the 
 General himfelf, yet he refolv'd to come 16 
 near it as he could, in being kind to his Bro^ 
 ther Mr. Nicholas Monk^ w^ho was already 
 fettled in the Country, about twelve Miles 
 from Kelkhampton^ in a itidderdte Living; 
 where he had married a Widow, with fomft 
 Acceflion of Fortune, anit, in thofe dange- 
 rous aind unquiet Times, poflefled a fweetarnf 
 comfortable Privacy. ' 
 
 V. To this Gentleman, who was aWb hii^ 
 Coufm-German;, Sir John Greenvil was re^ 
 folv'd to give the Living of Kelkhamftony and 
 thereupon fent for him to his Houfe, wheri^ 
 after other Difeourfe, and fome Conference 
 relating to General Monk in Scotland-, he ve^ 
 ry freely gave him the Prefentation upon nd 
 
 H % othet 
 
 \ 
 
i6o the LIFE of 
 
 other Condition or Referve, but that if he 
 ihould afterwards have Occafion to ufe or em- 
 ploy him^ he would be allured of his Rea-^^ 
 dmeft therein ; which was very wiUingly pro* 
 misy by Mr. Nicholas Mofik, and it was af- 
 terwards as faithfulfully performed. Mr. Monk 
 had in thofe Times the Charader of a very 
 honeft and worthy Perfon, and was generally 
 looked upon as a Man firmly devoted to the 
 King and Church of England \ yet by his mo- 
 derate and filent Behaviour, he had efcaped 
 with lefs Obfervation than many others of 
 that Party and Principles* 
 
 ■a, 
 T* ; • 
 
 VI. But thoi^h he had receiv'd the Pre- 
 fcntation from his Patron, yet, before he 
 could be legally admitted into this Living, he 
 was to mn the Gantlet at London, through a 
 Contrivance, call'd in thofe Times the Com- 
 ntittee of TryefSi which was made up chief- 
 ly of Camp-Chaplains, and other Incendia- 
 ries of the Pulpit ; .where, if any Man came 
 for Approbation, with a Title to a Living of 
 Value, they had a thoufand Tricks and Ro- 
 goeries in Readinefs to fruftratc the Pr efenta- 
 tion, and dilpofe of it among themfclves, or 
 their Party. Mr. Mohky very well knov^ing 
 the Chara<aer that was upon him, had fome 
 
 Diftruft 
 
 General Monk. loi 
 
 Diftruft of thefe Tryers ; but though they 
 lik'd the Living better than the Man, yet un- 
 derftanding his Relation to General Jsfowi ifl 
 Scotland, they were afraid to put any of their 
 Tricks upon him, but difinifs'd him and his 
 Title with Allowance, 
 
 ' -:> 
 
 VII. About a Yijar zhtiMt. Nicholas 
 Monk was fettled in this Parfon^e at Kelk- 
 hampon. Sir John Greenvil was oblig'd to 
 leave the Country, and to refide vsi^London^ 
 in order to the Difcharge of thai: fecret Truft, 
 of which we have given an Account before. 
 Where, receiving the Inftrucaions before men- 
 tioned, to purfue fome Means of treating 
 with General Monk ; he difpaich'd a Meflen- 
 ger,, with a Letter in Cypher^ to the Lord 
 Chancellor Hyde at Bruffels^ giving an Ac- 
 count of what had pafTed between him and 
 Mr. Nicholas Monky and proposed him as the 
 fitteft Perfon to be fent to his Brother the 
 General in Scotland, The Chancellor com- 
 municated this Letter to his Majefty, who to 
 far approved tlie Defign and Method, that 
 Letters were prefently difpatcKd back to him 
 to proceed therein accordingly. That to Sir 
 John Greenvilv^^s as follows : 
 
 H 3 
 
 VIILIam 
 
loi 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 General Monk. 103 
 
 VIII. T Am confident General Monk can 
 . X ^^"^^ ^0 Malice in his He^rt againft 
 me^ nor has he done any thing in Ofpofition 
 to me which I cannot eafily pardon^ and it 
 is in his Tower to do me fo great Service as^ 
 I cannot fully reward ; but I will do all I 
 can. And I do hereby authorize you to treat 
 with him, and not only to affure him of my 
 Kindnefs^ but that I will very liberally re- 
 ward him with fuch an Eft ate in Land^ and 
 fuch a Title of Honour as himfelfjhallde- 
 fire J if he will declare for me^ and adhere to 
 my Inter eft: And whatever you Jhall fror 
 mifie to him on my Behalf or whatever he, 
 i^ryou by his Advice^ fhall fromife to any of 
 his Officers^ or the Army under hi^ Co^n- 
 tnand {which Command he fly a II ft ill continue) 
 I will make good ufon the JVord of 4 King. 
 
 C. R. 
 
 IX. But by his fecret Inftrudions he was 
 confin'd to the Propofal of one hundred thour 
 land Pounds/^r yimt. for ever to be diftribut- 
 ed, at General Monk's Difcretion, to fuch 
 Officers in his Army, and others, as fhould 
 comply with him. And in the fame Packet 
 there was inclos'd this following Letter, to be 
 convey 'd to General Monk. 
 
 Sir, 
 
 Sir, 
 
 1 Cannot think you wijh me illy nor have 
 you Reafon to do fo: And the good I ex- 
 pB from you, will bring fo great a Benefit 
 to your Country y and to your felf that I can- 
 not think you will decline my Intereji. The 
 Terfmt who gives, or fends this to you, has 
 Authority to fay much more to you from me. 
 And if you once refolve to take my Intereji 
 to Heart, I will leave the Way and Manner 
 of declaring it entirely to your Judgment^ 
 and will comply with the Advice you fhall 
 give me. The reft I refer to the Terfon that 
 conveys this to you. It is in your Tower to 
 make me as kind to you as you can defire, and 
 ' to have me always , \ 
 
 July ii. Your afTcdionate Frierid, 
 
 165^9. C. R. 
 
 X. Upon the Receipt of thefe Letters, Sir 
 John Greenvil prefently difpatch'd a Letter 
 down to Mr. Nicholas Monk in Cornwal, to 
 haften his Journey np to him ; and at his Ar- 
 rival acquainted him privately with the whole 
 Bufinefs; and that he was refolv'd to fend 
 him to General Monk in Scotland, fliewing 
 him his Commiffion from the King to treat 
 with his Brother, and withal his Majefty's 
 
 H 4 Letter 
 
I04 The LIFE of 
 
 Letter to the General. And having fully in- 
 ftrud:ed him in the Nature of his Employ- 
 ment, the next Care was, to oWige him to 
 entire Secrecy. Both during his Stay in Lon-: 
 don^ and when he was arriv'd in Scotland^ he 
 was engaged not to difcover his Meflage to a- 
 By other Perfon but the General himlelf. And 
 becaufe all things were in Tumult and Dif- 
 order, upon Sir George Booth's lufurredion, 
 and the Roads fall of Soldiers upon their 
 March; it was thought mod fafe t6 go by 
 Sea. Mr. Monk very willingly accepted the 
 Employment, not only as an Inftance of his 
 Duty to the King, but affo of his Gratitude 
 to his Patron, yet feared to be entrufted with 
 fo dangerous a Charge as his Majefty's Letter, 
 which therefore was, for the prefent, left ftill 
 in Sir John Greenvirs Hands. But before 
 Mr. Monk left the Town-, he thought it ne- 
 ceflary to find out Commiffary C large s^who 
 was Brother to General Monk's Lady, and a 
 Perfon very particularly intruded by him, 
 through all his greateft Concerns in England. 
 He acquainted him therefore, that he was go- 
 ing into Scotland to fetch horfie his eldeft 
 Daughter, who was then refiding with her 
 Uncle diT>alkeithy and to advife with hiin 
 ibout a Match proposed for her With a Gen- 
 tleman 
 
 ' General Monk. loj 
 
 tleman of their own Country. All which 
 was alfo really true, and had been very lat^ 
 ly before treated of by Letters between tbe 
 two Brothers: And here Commiffary C/^r^^^ 
 did him a very feafpnable Kindnefs, m pro- 
 curing for him the Convenience of a Veflel 
 going off for Scotland, which landed him 
 Itely at Leith in three or four Days after. 
 From thence he found Convenience for his 
 Paffage five Miles further to the Head-Quar- 
 ters at 2)^/^^/>/&. " 
 
 XL At his Arrival there, he found Gene- 
 ral Monk very bufy in Difpatches (as there 
 is feldom much Vacancy in the Head-Quar- 
 ters of an Army) and therefore, till the Even- 
 ing, was entertain'd by Dr. Trice, who was 
 domeftick Chaplain to the General. Of this 
 iPerfon's Integrity and Allegiance to the King, ^ 
 Mr: Monk had received fo clear and undoubt- 
 ed a Character, that though he was expreffly 
 charged by Sir John Greenvil, not to com- 
 municate his Bufinefs to any Perfon but his 
 Brother, yet he adventur'd the fame Day that 
 he came to T>alkeith, to intruft the Dodor 
 with the Knowledge of this great Secret : 
 Who was as much lurpriz'd with the Strange- 
 nefsof the Relation, as he was pleas'd with 
 ' / ' the 
 
io6 The L I F E of ^ 
 
 the Defign : But advis'd him noc to acquaint 
 any other Perfon with this Me%e ; and 
 that there was not many about the General 
 who were fit to be trufted with a Secret of 
 this Nature. And knowing the General's 
 Temper and Condition better than his Brother 
 did, (who had not feen him for many Years) 
 he gave him feveral wary Inttru<aions, how 
 to manage his Difcourfe with him. 
 
 Xir. By this time they had talk'd them- 
 felves into the Evening, and both of them 
 went to attend upon the General, it being 
 then the ufual Seafon for him to be at Lei- 
 liire: But coming into the Dining-Room they 
 found fome Officers oiLeith aadEdenktrph 
 that were not yet difpatch'd. Afterwards,' 
 late at Night, Mr. Monk and the General be- 
 ing alone, he took the Opportunity to reveal 
 his Meflage to him: That he was fent to him' 
 from their Kinfraan Sir John Greenvil, who 
 had fliew'd him aCommiffion under the King's 
 Hand, to treat with General Monk in order 
 to his Reftauration ; but the Manner of do^ 
 ing it, and the Reward of his Service, Ihould 
 be wholly left to his own Choice. Only in 
 the general he propos'd to him one hundred 
 thouiand Pounds, to be annually fecured to 
 
 him. 
 
 •General Mgknk. 107 
 
 faim, and to fuch of his Officers, as Ihould ad- 
 here to him therein. Then he infortti'd him, 
 that he had feen a Letter dired;ed to him from 
 his Majefty, which he was afraid to be en- 
 trufted with, and vvas ftill remaining in Sir 
 John GreenviP^ Hand. Next he reprefenred 
 to him, the Seafonablenefs of the Attempt ar 
 this Time, there being an imiverfal Infurrer 
 dion form'd againft the Rump Parliament to 
 take Effed over all England. That his Coun- 
 tryraen and Relations in l^evonjhire and 
 Corwjjal were engag'd in it, mentioning Mr. 
 Morr'ice, Sir Hugh Tolkrd^ Sir Thomas 
 Stukelry, and others. That Sir George Booth, 
 and feveral Perfons of Honour and Quality, 
 were adually in Arms m Chejhire, when he 
 came out of Londotu, the Copy of whofe De- 
 claration he had brought with him, and Ihew- 
 ed the General. And that the Lord Fairfax 
 had undertj^ken to rife in Torkjhire, ^d thoft 
 Counties. The General ask'd him feveral 
 wary Queftions about the Bufmels, and wh^ 
 other Perfons were intrufled with the Know- 
 ledge of it. Mr Monk aflured him, that np 
 other Perfon in England was privy to it be- 
 fide Sir John GreenvH, and that fmce it had 
 been reveal'd to himfelf, he had acquainted 
 only D'. Trice with the Knowledge of it. 
 
 ■ The 
 
io8 Tae LIFE of 
 
 The thinking filent General faid no great 
 Matter at prefent to his Brother upon all this 
 Difcourfe, and fo they parted for that Night ; 
 and all Things were kept fo fecret, that, dur- 
 ing Mr. Monk's, Continuance for above two 
 Months at 'Dalkeith^ it was never apprehendr 
 cd he had any other Bufinefs there, but to 
 advife with the General about the matching 
 of his Daughter, and to carry her home with 
 him. 
 
 XIII. During this Intrigue at "Dalkeith^ 
 the'Septem-virate of Commillioners, which 
 we mentioned before, had made vile Work a- 
 mong the Officers of his Army, having dit 
 plac'd many of the braveft and ftouteft Com- 
 manders : And though he refledcd upon thefe 
 Impofirions upon him with fbme Refentment, 
 and interceded with the Parliament for the 
 Continuance of his Officers, yet he could not 
 fully flop thefe Alterations, But thefe Pro- 
 ceedings, as they greatly enrag'd the caihiered 
 Officers, and formed an univerfal Jealoufy ixx 
 feveral of the reft, who expeded the fame 
 Meafure, fo they mov'd a deeper Indignation 
 in the General himfelf, who, though he car- 
 ry'd always the Appearance of a filent and 
 fteady Temper, yet was implacable to Af- 
 fronts ; 
 
 General Monk. 109 
 
 fronts; and very well knowing that thefe Al^ 
 terations, which, no doubt, they made with 
 that View, would at laft make his own Sta- 
 tion uneafy or precarious, he was tefolved, 
 when all was done, not to part with his Com- 
 manders. But by the Refentments among 
 them. General Monk (who very well knew 
 how to make ufe of other Mens Paffions) 
 came to a better tJnderftanding of thofe about 
 him, arid the Inclinations of his Army, info- 
 much as he entered into a private Confulta- 
 tion with fome whom he could beft truft, 
 where it was ^reed to frame a declaratory 
 Letter to the Jundo at Wefiminfier: Th# 
 Subftance of which was, to reprefent to them, 
 their own and theNation's DiiTatisfadion, at 
 the long and continued Seffion of this Par- 
 lian\ent, defiring them to fill up their Mem- 
 bers, and to proceed in eftabliftiing liich Rules 
 for future Elections, that the Common-wealth 
 Government might be fecured by frequent 
 and fucceffive Parliaments. This Letter was 
 drawn up by D^. Trtce^ at the Direction of 
 the General, and D^ Gtimble\ and the next 
 Sunday following, after Evening Sermon, Ge- 
 iieral Monk and his Brother, together With 
 D^. Barrow^ principal Phyfician to the Ar- 
 my, D^ Gumbky Preacher to the Council at 
 . Edenburghy 
 
ito rioe LIFE of 
 
 Edenburgh^ and Adjutant Smith, met all at 
 D». Trice's Chamber, who gave the GeneraJ 
 ^nd alJ of them fucceflively, an Oath of Se- 
 crecy in thefe Words : 
 
 XIV.TT'O'U Jhall truly fi^'ear^ that you 
 
 \ will not reveal any thing that 
 
 Jhall be difcourfed of by us, or read mt& 
 
 youywithout the Confent of all us here^refent: 
 
 XV. Nbxt they proceeded to the perafiF 
 6f their Letter, which being fign'd by thd 
 General, and the reft of them in their Order, 
 tfiey agreed feverally to procure SiibfcriptionJ 
 to it from fuch other Officers in the Army, 
 aff were moft hkely to comply with their De'^ 
 figh. The General then commanded Adja-^ 
 tant Smith to haften to Edenburgh^ and to 
 treat with Captain Clifton, Governor, about 
 the Security of the Caftle. From thence he 
 was to pafs^ to Leitk, to enfure Captam 
 Hughes and Captain Miller, who comm'and- 
 ^d the Citadel there; which being the Sum 
 Cf what was refolv'd on that Night, the Ge- 
 neral left them, and went down Stairs, being 
 always accuftomed to advife privately with 
 his own Thoughts, as well as with thofe a- 
 bout him. But beft);e Adjutant Smith wai 
 
 ready 
 
 General Monk. iit 
 
 ready to take Horfe, he returned into the 
 Chamber again, and told them, that, upon 
 better Confideration, he thought it moft fe* 
 cure for them, to arreft their further Pro- 
 ceedings till the Return of the next Poft, 
 which would give them a clearer Profped of 
 the Affairs of England, and thereby they 
 ttiight Ihape their own Way the better. That 
 by the next -Letters they ftiould know more 
 perfe(5Wy, how hear Lambert was advanced, 
 what Force was join'd to Sir George Booth% 
 and whether any other Parties were tifen in 
 England to give Diverfion. 'this was fo ad^ 
 vifedly propos'd by the General, that they all 
 confented to it, and fo parted for that Night; 
 only D^^. Trice, who had a particular Zeal 
 for any Enterprize that might determine ia 
 tht King's Service, prefently after fought out 
 the General, whom he found difcourfmg with 
 Gradeen Ker, 2l valiant Scot, that had for- 
 merly ferv'd under the Marquifs of MontrofSf 
 and was alio an expert Greyhound Malkr, 
 which being a Diverfion the General much 
 delighted in, it led him often both to his Ac- 
 quaintance and Favour. Having ended hi^ 
 Conference with him, D^. Trice approached 
 the General with fome Earncftnefs ; telHng 
 him, they had enter'd upon their Defign 
 
 * fome- 
 
•ft 
 
 iiz The LIFE of 
 
 Ibmewhat too late already, and that he fear'd 
 all further Delay would make, it worfb. To 
 whom the General reply'd with Ibme, Paflion : 
 Our Bttjinefs can receive no Prejudice by at-;^ 
 tending till the Arrival of the next Toft^ 
 imd would you needs be fo hajty^ as to bring 
 my Neck to the Block for the Kingy and 
 ruin the whole T>e/ignj by a too forward and 
 nnfeafonable declaring. Which being pnly 
 an accidental Remoray we have thought fit to 
 mention it in this Place, that the Reader may 
 obferve in what Dialed: General Monk could 
 talk, (even iq thofe early Days) when he was; 
 leciire of thofe that heard him. 
 
 XVI. Thr next Morning the Poft from, 
 London arriv'd early at Edenburghy and 
 brought the News of the utter Defeat of Sir 
 George Booths and his Party; who,' with 
 greater Faithfulnefs than good Fortune, had 
 adventured to appear alone in that univcrfal 
 Infiirredlion which was defign'd.. 
 
 XVII. Upon this News from London; 
 General Monk was inwardly pleas'd with 
 his own deliberate and wary Method of pro- 
 ceeding; being aflur'd his expofhilating with 
 the Jundo, at the fame time that Inliirre<9:i- 
 
 6ns 
 
 Gen£ral Monk. 113 
 
 ons were formed againft them in England^ 
 would have given them Caufe to fufped: him 
 as a Confederate in the Contrivance ; and ve- 
 ry well knpwing this Defeat of Sir George 
 Booth would raife, both in the Jundo and 
 their Army, an extraordinary Confidence and 
 Preemption, he w^as refolv'd for the prefent 
 to put all his Paffions in his Pocket, and wife- 
 ly diflemble his Refentment, till fome better 
 Opportunity for producing them fliould offer 
 it felf Therefore the fame Day he call'd for 
 the Paper, which had been fubfcrib'd the E- 
 vening before, and convening thofe who 
 were privy to it, he burnt the Letter before 
 them, conjuring them all to be faithful to 
 their Oath of Secrecy. 
 
 XVIII. Now could they have traded each 
 other, the Jundto and their Army might have 
 carried all before them, and mod Perfons 
 of Eflate and Fortune in England^ being con- 
 cern'd in the late Infurredion, had they made 
 them away,' (as was once propos'd among 
 them) and feized their Eftatcs, it would 
 ilirewdly have weaken d, if not.extinguilh'd 
 the Royal Interefl:, and raifed fo vaft a Sum 
 of Money for the Payment of Debts, and the 
 Continuance of their Army, as might have 
 
 I perpetuated 
 
• 
 
 114 ne LIFE of 
 
 perpetuated the Ufurpation. But inftead of 
 this, the JuniSo at JVcflminJler fat towring 
 themfelves in the high Imagination of their 
 continued Power, after the Defeat of the de- 
 f^gncd Infurredion :^sainft them, their Army 
 the mean while wantonly pluming and trim- 
 ing their Feathers at S^m, whither they 
 were advanced after their Dcieat of Sir GeorL 
 Booth: And having routed a Company of 
 new rais'd Soldiers, and unarmed fVelJhmen • 
 ihcy were as much tranfported with Pride 
 and Vanity, as if they had fought the great 
 Battle at ^ri>e/a, or utterly vanquifli'd Hafi- 
 nibal and his Party in the Overthrow at Me- 
 taurus. But inftead of purfuing the true Ends 
 of their delperate Intereft, they fell to quar- 
 relJnig among themfelves. The Jundo and 
 their Army knew fo much Falfliood and Vil- 
 lany in each other, as it was not poflible for 
 them to hold long together. Their late A- 
 <aions m difabling their chief Officers from 
 grantmg Commiffions, had {o lefTen'd their 
 Power and Influence on the Army, as they 
 were relolv'd to take the firft Opportunity to 
 reftorc their military Authority to its former 
 Orandcur. And bccaufe Z,*;«^^r/"s conceal'd 
 Ambition was moft concern'd to obviate thefe 
 Praclices, and his Brigade, by this War of 
 
 half 
 
 General Mokk. 115 
 
 half an Hour, were moft fpirited with SouN 
 nels and Arrogance againft their Matters at 
 fFeJimmjier ; they were thought fitteft to be- 
 gin the Contrivance, which was prefently af- 
 ter abetted by the other Regiments remaining 
 in and abottt Loindotti under the Command 6f 
 Lieutenant General Fleetwood., with fuch 
 bold and infolent Demands upon the Jundto, 
 and fuch pert Expoftulations With them, to- 
 gether with a moft unmannerly Oftentatioa 
 of their own Merits and Services, as muft 
 needs either leflen the Authority of their Ma- 
 tters, or end in a Rupture. 
 
 XIX. The Jundo, that wanted not Cun- 
 ning to introfped: thefe Defigns of the Offi- 
 cers, were refolv'd to make fome further Al- 
 terations in the Government of the Army. 
 And, on the other Side, the Commanders, 
 both to ftrengthen their Intereft, and that 
 the Jundo might have no other Force to re- 
 treat unto for Support, had dilpatch'd Letters 
 to the Armies in Scotland and Ireland, to 
 gain Subfcriptions to their Reprefentation and 
 Petition. They had defign'd, in this their 
 new Model, to wheadle General Monk with 
 the Place of General of the Infantry ; who 
 yet look'd fo far into their Reach and De- 
 
 I i figns. 
 
?, 
 
 ii6 the LIFE of 
 
 ligns, that, upon Receipt of thefe Letters and 
 Papers, he forbad all under his Command to 
 fublcribe to them, and return'd Anfwer to 
 the pfficers in London., that the Houfe hav- 
 ing already declar'd their Diflike of their Re- 
 prefentation, he was refolv'd to keep his own 
 Army in Obedience to the Authority of Par- 
 liament, and that feveral of his Officers were 
 diflatisfy'd with this their Way of Proceed- 
 ing. 
 
 C H A P. X. 
 
 1. 1)pon a thorough Conjlderation within 
 himfelfofthe State of the Ktn^s Affair s^ 
 the General determines., for the frefenty 
 to conceal his 'Dejign of ferving him. II. 
 He advifes his Brother and Sir John 
 Green vil to concern themfelves no more in 
 the Affair ; III. Though he was not in' 
 "xardly dijpleas'd with the Tropofal. IV. 
 He receives Intelligence of a Rupture like- 
 ly to enfiie between the 'Parliament and 
 the Army. V. Mr. Monk returns toLon- 
 don, and acquaints Sir John Greenvil with 
 
 what 
 
 General MdnK, ii7 
 
 what had faffed between him and the Ge- 
 neral, which is likewife communicated to 
 the King by Sir John. VI. l^elivers a 
 Mejfage from the General to Commtjfafy 
 Clarges, that he would fuffort the Tar- 
 liament. VII. Whereupon the Tarltament 
 votedy that noTaxes Jhould be rats d with- 
 out Confent of Tarliament, disbanded fe- 
 veral Officer sy and appointed Commiffton^ 
 ers for the Government of the Army. Vin, 
 •Lxmhtn immediately fets a Guard upon 
 the 'Parliament, to exclude the Jun^o. 
 rX. And appoints a Committee of Safety. 
 X. The General prepares to take Advan- 
 tage of thefe Alterations in England. XI. 
 And ufes the Authority of the JunBo on^ 
 lyasa Pretext. XII. The General's main 
 Scheme fupported by two Principles, that 
 the Military muft be fubjeB to the Civil 
 Power, and the prefent Form ofCtvtlAu^ 
 thority mujl be Parliamentary. 
 
 I.'T^HE Interveniency of fo many new 
 I Occurrences in England, had hither- 
 to put a Stop to Mr. -Mj^^'s Meffagc to the 
 General ; who yet, all this .while, gave that 
 dangerous AfFair.va pftrticular Place in his 
 Thoughts and Retirement. He confidered 
 
 I 
 
 3 
 
 the 
 

 Ft 
 
 n8 n'he LIFE of 
 
 the King's Intcrefl was now fb very low, that 
 he could receive no Acccilion of Power from 
 his Party, and by the Defeat of Sir George 
 Booth, and of thofe other defign'd Infurre- 
 dions, all things were grown worfe. That to 
 enter into a Treaty at this Time with the 
 King would be as dangerous, as to declare 
 for him ; fince there have never wanted falfe 
 or needy Men about his Majefty, by whom 
 his Secrets had been hitherto betray'd. He 
 iorgatnot how much he had been oblig'd by 
 his Relations the family of the Greeuvii's; 
 but being removed out. of his Country, and 
 from the Converfation of his Kindred when 
 he was very young; and himfclf andSir y^/j;/ 
 Grcenv'tl having been engag'd on different 
 Sides, and vvholfy Strangers to each other, 
 he could not yet iarlsty himfeif, whether he 
 V ere a Perfon of Abilities and Secrecy e- 
 nough to tranlad: with, in fo difficult an Af- 
 fair. And for his ownBrorher, he look'd up- 
 on an Emplo}n3ent of this Nature and Intri- 
 cacy, as altogether foreign and unfuitable to a 
 private Clergyman, that had been bred up a- 
 mong his Books and in Retirement. The 
 Oc/igns of reftoring the King by Plots and 
 Inftrretaions, he had always efleemed but as 
 lo many Toys that would come to nothing, 
 
 where 
 
 General Monk. 119 
 
 where raw and unexperienc'd Soldiers were 
 to encounter with Regiments, that had been 
 fo long ufed to Arms and Vidory. He .was 
 refolv'd therefore at prefent, not to difcover 
 his Inclinations to the Kings Service, till he 
 could firft fee himfeif in fuch a Station aS 
 would be able to fupport him alone, and ju- 
 ftify his Proceedings, without depending up- 
 on the acceflbry and contingent Affiftances of 
 others. The revealing alfo of this dangerous 
 MelTase to others befide himfeif, was fome 
 Prejudice to the Succefs of it. For though 
 General Monk, trufted D '-. Trice as much as 
 moft of thofe about him, yet he cared not to 
 ftand at any Man's Mercy or Difcretion for 
 the concealing his Secrets. And having no- 
 thing but a MelTage by Word of Mouth, and 
 the King's Letter being left behind, it made him 
 have the colder Afped upon the whole Bu- 
 finefs ; which may eafily be believ'd by thofe 
 that Ihall confider, what EfFeds thefe Letters 
 had feven Months after, when they came to 
 be delivered in better Circumftances. 
 
 II. But this Affair being for the prefent 
 wholly laid afide, that which puzzled the 
 General's Thoughts moft, was, the Care of 
 concealing it. To that End he took the next 
 
 I 4 <^PP^'' 
 
 i 
 

 . no The LIFE of 
 
 Opportunity of difcourfing privately with his 
 Brother, advifing him to follow his Studies, 
 and the Care of his Living, and no more to 
 concern himfelf in publicl; Bufinefs ; and that 
 he ihould carry this Advice to his Coufin 
 Greenvil, not to meddle any more in fuch 
 dangerous Adventures ; and conjuring them 
 both to an entire Secrecy, he told his Bro, 
 ther with fome Paffion : That if ever this 
 Bufmefs were difcovered by him, or Sir 
 John Greenvil, he •would do the beji he could 
 to ruin them both, 
 
 ni. By all thefe PalTages the confidcrate 
 Reader will eafily difcern, that General Monk 
 was not fo really difpleas'd with the Propofal 
 made to him, as that it iiirpriz'd him in the 
 midft of fo many unfeafonablc Circumftances, 
 to that his principal Care was, firfl to conceal 
 his own Intentions from others, and next to 
 oblige the Secrecy of thofe that had been 
 dealing with him. 
 
 IV. The General had all this while a par- 
 ticular Account, by Letters from London, of 
 the Difcontents rifen between the Parliament 
 and the Army, which were likely to deter- 
 mine in a down-right Quarrel. And being 
 
 refblv'd 
 
 General Monk. m 
 
 refolv'd to make his Advant^e of them both, 
 he diredted his Brother, now preparing tor 
 his Return into England, to find out Com- 
 milTary Oarges fo Ibon as he came to Lon- 
 don, and deliver his Meffage to him. And 
 havins 2iven Mr. Monk fuch Advice and Al- 
 fiftance as was neceflary for the beftowing of 
 his Daughter, he difmiis'd them, both with a 
 very particular Kindnefs. 
 
 V Mr Nicholas Monk took his Leave Off. 8 
 at T)alkeitb about the 8'" of OBober, intend- 
 ing to return the fame Way he came, and 
 D^ Trice, who, by this long Converlation 
 with him, had a particular Efteem for his Per- 
 fon, as well as his Meflage, accompanied hun 
 and his Daughter to the Shore zt Leith,^htit 
 he took lliipping iot London, and arrived there 
 about four Days after. He fiift found out Sir 
 John Greenvil, and acquainted him with the 
 whole Account of his Voyage to his Brother* 
 and of all that pafs'd between them. AfTur-i 
 ing him that, at leaft for the prefent, nothing 
 could be expeded from General Monk, with 
 whom he had taken an Oath of Secrecy, a- 
 bout which he was not to be examin'd, but 
 Jioped good EfFeds of it would in due Time 
 apppar, and he was rcfolv'd npw tp haften 
 
 home 
 
121 The L I F E of 
 
 home to his Family. Sir John GreenvH took 
 the firft Opportunity to acquaint his Majefty 
 and the Lord Chancellor Hyde at Brufels 
 with this Account; which, coming to no fur- 
 ther Period, was laid afide for the prefenr, 
 till we find it refuraed again in the Sequel of 
 our Story. 
 
 VI. The fame Evening Mr. Monk coming 
 to CommifTary Clarges, he acquainted him 
 with the General's MefTage; by which he 
 was direded to inform the Members of the 
 Parliament, that if the Army in London con- 
 tinued in their Difobedience towards them, he 
 would affift them therein, and if things Ihould 
 tun into further Extremity, he would be in 
 Rcadinefs to march his Army into England 
 in Defence of them. 
 
 VI J. The next Morning early CommifTary 
 Ckrges acquainted fome of the leading Mem^ 
 bcrs with the MefTage from General Monk-, 
 which, being communicated to the reft, had 
 a prcfent EiFed: both upon their Spirits and 
 Counfels. They were dogged and angry e. 
 nough before at the Infolence of their Ser- 
 vants ; but now fomething of Bravery and 
 Difdain began to fparkle in their Difpleafure: 
 
 Infbmucb 
 
 General Monk. 115 
 
 Infomuch that the old Senators adventured 
 now to rufRe with their Colonels, and, beii^ 
 refolv'd that if they muft leave their foft Seats, 
 they would firft empty out the Feathers, 
 they had already difcharg'd the Common- 
 wealth from all Taxes, otherwife than by 
 Confent in Parliament : Now they pafs'd a 
 brisk Vote, to ftrike eight or nine of the 
 moft daring Colonels off the Tally, and va* 
 cated their Commiflions, {viz. Lambert, 
 "Desborow, Berry ^ Kelfey, Ajhfieldy CobbeU\ 
 T acker. Creed and Barrow) And then dif- \ 
 folving the prefent Conftitution of the Army, 
 they pafs'd an Ad for the appointing feven 
 Commiffioners to take the Charge of it, {viz. 
 Fleetwood, Monk, Hazlerig, Ludlow, Mor- 
 ley, Walton, and Overton) who were to en- 
 ter upon their Truft from the 7'' of this pre- 
 fent OBober, and to continue till the ix"* of 
 February io\\o\miQg. 
 
 VIII. These nimble Proceedings of the 
 Jundo put the difcardcd Officers and their 
 Party into fome Diforder ; who thereupon re- 
 folv'd to venture at all, before thefe new 
 Commiffioners ftiould have any Time to fet- 
 tle their Intereft or Authority over the Sol- 
 diers The next Morning therefore very ear- 
 ly* 
 
» 
 
 124 The LIFE of 
 
 ly, Lambert^ having gotten together liich 
 Force as he had at Hand, po/Tels'd himfelf of 
 ^^^- 13 all the Avenues to the Parliament Houfe, and 
 excluded the eminent Afiertors of the good 
 old Caufe from further meeting there. In 
 whofe Room a Combination of the Army- 
 Officers had prefently in Readinefs another 
 new Device to fiicceed, v^hich they call'd a 
 Committee of Safety. 
 
 IX. Th E y who foberly obferved the Fali^ 
 hood and Hypocrify, the Folly and Madnefs, 
 of thefe boifterous Colonels, did believe them 
 poflefs'd with more Devils than one, having, 
 in fix Month's Time, ihifted three Govern- 
 ments, and fet up another Idol and Scheme of 
 Government, that was not likely to ootlaft 
 two Moons. 
 
 X. Ever fince the Death of 0//wr Cr^w- 
 a.f/. General Monk expeded nothing elfe 
 than a lucce/five Series of extravagant Altera- 
 tions in England, which he hoped might give 
 him Opportunity of obliging his Country; 
 and therefore more narrowly mlpeded the 
 Temper and Inclinations of his Officers and 
 Army. And though he was a Peribn natu- 
 rally provident, yet of late Years he was 
 
 more 
 
 General Monk. 12,5 
 
 more careful than before, in t^^^g *^. ^^■ 
 
 f A.^ Trpafurv of War, and m keep- 
 counts of the 1 reamry 01 n , 
 
 ing good Store of Money m ^^^^^^ f ^^^"=^ 
 Kd feventy thoufand Pounds, hefides what 
 was in other Hands. The Magazine alfo of 
 Arms and Ammunition in Scotland were very 
 wellfupply'd. 
 
 XI The General very well knew this 
 Tundo which the Army had difturbed, were 
 People neither to be endured nor trufted; 
 therefore he was refolved to make ufe of them, 
 and their Intereft, no further than as a Pre- 
 text to opprefs the infolent Defigns of the 
 Englijh Army, and afterwards to lay afide 
 our Jundio alfo. 
 
 XII And here we will feafonably acquaint 
 the Reader, with the two declared Principles 
 of General Monk, which he had framed with 
 that popular Appearance and plaufible Afped, 
 as they became the Bafis of all his Proceed- 
 ings. And though he was fometimes forc'd 
 to fail by difTerent Winds, yet he ftill kept 
 himfelf fteady to thefe two Points. One was, 
 that the Government could not be fupforted 
 but by an entire Subjection of the Military 
 
 'Power in Obedience to the Civil: The o- 
 
 ther. 
 
 \ 
 

 ii6 The LIFE of 
 
 ther, That the prefeut Conflitution of the 
 Common-wealth was to be adminiftefd by 
 'Parliaments. 
 
 With thefe two Principles, prudently ma- 
 naged, he was fure to hav^ always a Game to 
 play in all publick Alterations. By the firft 
 he had contriv'd to awe or oppofe the Extra- 
 vagancies of the Army in Eftgland. And by 
 improving the other to fucceflive Eledions, 
 he was not without Hope, but that at one 
 Time or other fuch a Parliament might hap- 
 pen to be choftn, as would be willing to re-* 
 ftore the Monarchy. And that he was ftill 
 aiming at this Contrivance, will appear both 
 by his Letter to the Parliament at Weftmin- 
 fier, and by his Inftrudions given to his 
 Commi/Iioners at the following Treaty; by 
 his Defign of difTolving the Jundlo, and by 
 Admiflion of the fecluded Members, in order 
 to a new and full Parliament ; Befides, the u- 
 iiial Emulation and Jealoufies which fo fre- 
 quently happen among thofe that command 
 Armies ; the Temper and Principle of General 
 Monky and the chief Officers in England, 
 was wholly incompatible. Nor is it eafy to 
 fay, whether he did more hate or delpife 
 them, knowing himfelf fuperior to them in 
 all the Arts of War and Condud. And tho' 
 
 he 
 
 General Monk. 117 
 
 he abhorr'd the Thoi^ht of afluming the Go- 
 vernment himfelf; yet he greatly difdamd 
 that Lambert, or any other, Ihould dare to 
 attempt it, whilft himfelf had a Sword m his 
 Hand. 
 
 '^^M 
 
 en 
 
 C H A P. XL 
 
 I. General Monk receives Intelligence of the 
 Troceedings of Lambert and his Tarty. 
 IL Begins his March into England, hav- 
 ing firft made a Sfeech to his Army, IIL 
 Sends Caftain Johnfon to fecure Berwick, 
 Captain Berry and Hall to Edenburgh, 
 whither he himfelf follows^ taking up all 
 difafeBed Officers in thofe, and other re- 
 moter Garrifons. V. Marches to Leith 
 md Linlithgow, from whence y after hav- 
 ing made fome Regulations, he returns to 
 Edenburgh. VL A Character of "Dk Gum- 
 ble. VII. Colonel Cobbet is fent to Scot* 
 land by the Committee of Officers, to caufe 
 T>iviJlons in General MonkV Army ; but 
 Captain Johnfon carries him Trifoner to 
 fidcnburgh- VIIL A more particular Ac- 
 
 count 
 

 ii8 7le LIFE of 
 
 count of CobbctV ^ejigns^ 'With Jbme o- 
 . ther Indignities from the Englifli Army^ 
 which the General refents. - IX. The Ge- 
 neral publijhes aTiieclaration: The Sub- 
 jlance of it. X. Writes to Fleetwood and 
 Lambert ; to Lenthall the Speaker'^ and to 
 the Independent Churches. XL As alfo 
 to the Forces in Ireland, de firing their 
 Afflfiance. XII. And to the Fleets both 
 which refufe to join with him. XIII. The 
 General's Refolution. 
 
 °^-'7 1/ I ^HE News of interrupting the prctend- 
 j J^ ed Parliament by Lambert and his 
 
 Party, came to 'Dalkeith by the next Poft, 
 and was no Surprizal upon General Monk, 
 who expe<aed no left ; and therefore was be- 
 before-hand refolv'd how to go to work with 
 them. For ^c fame Minute he receiv'd the 
 Intelligencp^ he communicated his Refoluti- 
 on to fucn Officers as were then about him, 
 and prefently dilpatch'd away Adjutant Smith 
 to Edenburgh and Leith, commanding the 
 Officers of both thofc Garrifons, which were 
 within five Miles of him, to attend him pre- 
 fently at 'Dalkeith; where he acquainted 
 them with his Refolution of marching into 
 England to reftore the Parliament : Unto all 
 
 which 
 
 General Monk. tip" 
 
 which they unanimoufly aflented. And thd 
 fame Night he commanded, that no Poft 
 fliould pafs for England, to give Account of 
 his Preparation, till he were fiirther advanced. 
 The Citadels of St. Johnftons and Ayr were 
 both important Places ; but at a confiderable 
 Diftance from ©tf//&«^A. And General i\/o«^ 
 had no great Opinion of the Pcribns that 
 commanded them in chief: He had therefore 
 fetlt for Captain Witter of the one, and Cap- 
 tain Robinfon of the other, being Officers he 
 had fome Confidence in, who were both of 
 them with him at Dalkeith, when the News 
 came of the Interruption upon the Parlia- 
 ment. The next Morning therefore he dif- oa. i8 
 patch'd them both with Inflruftions to fecure 
 thofe two Citadels, with Authority alfo to 
 imprifon fuch Officers or others as fhould 
 diffent or oppofe them therein: Which was 
 fome Days after efFedually perform'd by Cap- 
 tain Robinfin at Ayr, and Captain Witter at 
 St. Johnftons. 
 
 II. i N the Afternoon General Monk, being 
 attended with his Guards at 'Dalkeith, march- 
 ed to Edinburgh; where Were quarter'd on- 
 ly two Regiments of Foot, one whereof was 
 his own, the other Colonel Talbot% who was 
 
 K then 
 
130 The L I F E of 
 
 then abfent at London, And having fecured 
 or difcarded liich Officers as he diftrufted, 
 and placed others in their Room, he told 
 them in the Head of the Regiments then 
 drawn up : That the Army in England had 
 broken up the Tarliam^nt^ out of a rejilefs 
 and ambitious Humour to govern:, all them- 
 felves, and to hinder the Settlement of the 
 Nation. That their next Tra£iice would be 
 to imfofe their infolent Extravagancies up- 
 on the Army in Scotland, that was neither 
 inferior mr fubordinate to them : For his 
 own Tart^ he thought himfelf obliged^ by 
 the "Duty of his Tlace, to keep the Military 
 ^ower in Obedience to the Civil \ and that 
 fince they had received their Tay and Com- 
 miffion from the Tarliamenty it was their 
 ^uty to defend them ; in which he expected 
 the ready Obedience of them all: But ifa- 
 ny did declare their "Diffent to his Refolu- 
 tion^ they Jhould have Liberty to leave the 
 Service, and might take Tajfes to be gone. 
 
 
 III. This was fpoken with the Authority 
 and Spirk of a General, and without Dilguifc 
 or Artifice, but was received with the uni- 
 verfal Shout and SiAmiflion of the Regiments. 
 Whe fame Evenii^ rctirii^ to his Quarters, it 
 
 was 
 
 General Monk. 131 
 
 was deUberated by the General and Officers 
 about him, of how much Importance it would 
 be to fecure Berwick, He was well enough 
 affur'dofthe Fidelity of Colonel il/^^fj", who 
 commanded the Garrifon. But the reft of the 
 Officers were Anabaptifts, hi whom he could 
 have no Confidence, and which were a fort 
 of Vermin j which hfe was now refolv'd to 
 worm out of his Army. The fame N^ht 
 therefore he difpatch'd away Captain Johnfon 
 with a Party of Horfe^ to affift the Governor 
 in fecuring the Place, with Orders alfo to bring 
 off with him all unquiet and difaffeded Offi- 
 cers. 
 
 IV. kt the fame Time thete w€re attend- 
 ing at Edenburgh Captain "Derry and Cap- 
 tain Hall^ who commanded in Colonel C06- 
 befs Regiment at Glafcow, and had receiv'd 
 Orders to march the Regiment to Eden- 
 burgh^ and fecure the Officers that diflented. 
 The Colonel Was then at London^ and the 
 two Captains performed their Inftrudions. 
 And before General MonkXdk Edenburgh^ he 
 fent fot feveral fulpecaed Officers, who com- 
 manded in remoter Garr&ns, to attend him 
 there^ who, at their Arrival, were fecured in 
 the Caftle Oii Edenburgh and their Gortinaif-^ 
 
 ,;:>,♦ 
 
I 
 
 u 
 
 off 10 
 
 132 The LIFE of 
 
 fions granted to fiich as he could better truft. 
 The Regiments at Aberdeen were fecured by 
 Colonel Fairfax the Governor. And Colo- 
 nel Rhead was made Governor of Iitvernefij 
 and ordered to fend three of his beft Compa- 
 nies to the General at Edenbiirgh. And hav- 
 ing thus fettled the remoter Garrifons by fuch 
 Officers as he efteenid mod faithful to him, 
 the nearer were diipofed of by himfelf 
 
 V. Having ftay'd two Days at Eden- 
 burgh J he march'd to the Citadel of Leithy 
 where was lodg'd a conliderable Part of the 
 Stores ; and having dilplaced moft of the A- 
 nabaptift Officers,, he intruded Mr. Hughes 
 with the Command of that Place. The next 
 Day he pafTed to Linlithgow ; and having 
 fatisfy'd himfelf in the Settlement of that Gar- 
 rifbn, he return'd again to Edenburgh, 
 
 VI. Where he had much Conference with 
 Dr. Gumble^ who was Preacher to the Coun- 
 cil of State, and by that Employment, and his 
 continual Refidence at the capital City, ( be- 
 fides his own forward Inclination) he had a 
 very intimate Acquaintance with, and fome 
 Influence upon, moft of the Officers ; fo that 
 General Monk^ who very Well knew how to 
 
 chuie 
 
 General Monk. 133 
 
 chuie his Inftruments, had of late admitted 
 him to feveral of his Counfels. He had for- 
 merly been Vicar of Wickham in Bucking- 
 hamjhire.m which Town Mr, Scot had liv- 
 ed, and was Burgefs fpr that Place: By Mr. 
 
 Scot's Intereft he was'tliought to have been 
 preferr'd/tp this Employment in Scotland^ 
 where jie kept alwi^y^ an exad Correfpon- 
 dence with him, and others of the Party, be- 
 ins a very zealous Common-wealth's Man, 
 inlbmuch as he could not conceal his Dif- 
 contents againft the Ufurpation of Cromweh 
 and his Son, in letting up the Government of 
 a fingle Perfon. The General having refolv- 
 ed (as the beft Expedient at prefcnt) to jufti- 
 fy his quarrelling with the Englijh Army, by 
 declaring to reftore the Common-wealth Par- 
 liament, made very great Ufe of D^ Gumble^ 
 to reprefent his Defigns advantagioufly to Mr. 
 Scot, who was a leading Man among them, 
 and a Prefident to. their Council of State; 
 and alfo to infpirit the Officers and Soldiers 
 of Scotland to a Comply ance with the Refo- 
 lution of their General. . In both which Par- 
 ticulars he did him very great Service; and in 
 this Affair of rcftoring the Parliament, D^ 
 Qumble was fo intent and earneft in all DiC 
 (jourfe" with the General and others, that fome 
 
 K 3 of 
 
134 The LIFE of 
 
 of the Officers thought him the firft Promoter 
 of the Defign againft the Army in England. 
 And others, that dilTcnted, wrote in their 
 Letters to their Party in London., that GTim- 
 ble was the grand Incendiary in provoking 
 General Monk to this Refolution. The Ge- 
 neral, who knew the Sufpicions that were up- 
 on him, was very well pleas'd with this Ap- 
 prehenfion they had taken up among them, 
 being willing they fhould believe any thing 
 the Caufe of theie Proceedings rather than the 
 true one. 
 
 VII. About this Time Captain Johnfon 
 (whom we mention'd before ) returned to the 
 General from Berwick., where he had affift- 
 ed Colonel Meers in fettling the Garrifon, and 
 imprilbning the diflenting Officers. But be- 
 fore they had fully done their Bufinefs, Colo- 
 nel Cobbet arrived from London thither, in his 
 Way to Glafcow, where his Regiment was 
 quarter'd. He was haften'd down by the 
 Committee of Officers in London^ to dilpofe 
 die Army under General Monk to a Compli- 
 ance with their De/igns, and to oppofe or k- 
 cme fuch Perfons as diffented ; being a ftout 
 and adive Man, and of very gfeat Intereft in 
 the Army. So foon as he came to Berwick, 
 
 he 
 
 General Monk. 135 
 
 he b^an to be very bufy in declaring ^ainft 
 General Monk^s Proceedings, and to remon 
 ftrate aaainft them: So that the Officers there 
 ^iomifhftanding all his buftling) took the 
 Boldnefs to lay him faft; and Captam >^«. 
 fon had now brought him PrH^^ner (with the 
 other Malecontents of that Garnfon o £- 
 denburgh, where they were all fecurd mthe 
 Caftle. 
 
 VIII General Monk was weU pleas'd 
 with this Service of Major Johnfon, in pre- 
 ferving a Place fo important to his further De- 
 fians, and in fecuring fo dangerous a Perfon 
 as" Colonel Cobbet, having before receivd, 
 from his Intelligencer at London, the Advice 
 of his coming, and the Inftruaions he had 
 from JVallingford-Houfe, to make Diftur- 
 bances and Parties in the Scotch Army, and 
 
 to improve his Intereft fo f^'-,^"?""^^.']^^^^,^; 
 diers, as to feize the General himfelf if he id 
 not comply with their Anions. This Defign 
 upon him, before they could poflibly know 
 any thing of his diflenting, did greatly pro- 
 voke th? General, both againft them and 
 their Officers at London, and their Inftrument 
 Cobbet : Befides fome other of their little At- 
 ftonts which they had put upon hun, m their 
 
 K,4 *^^ 
 
13^ The II FE of 
 
 laft Letters, when they defired Subfcription in 
 the Scotch Army to theirJleprefentation : They 
 had cajol'd General 4f(?/^>^ with the Offer of 
 General of the Infantry oy(pr all the Forces in 
 the Army; but in .tbpir'new Model, fince 
 their Interruption of the Jundo, they had 
 taken no Notice of him-, J^hough he was not 
 defurous to receive any new Obligation of 
 Kindnefs from thofe he was refolv'd to quar^ 
 rel with, yet he refented the Indignity, being. 
 s dextrous in diflembling Affronts that were 
 put upon him, as he was lure to remember 
 and requite them. 
 
 IX. The General being by this Time got- 
 ten fbmewhat before-hand in his Bufinefs, by 
 fetding and fecuring fo many of the nearer 
 Garrifons and Regiments; it was next delibe- 
 rated by him and his Council pf Officers, to 
 give the Nation an Account of this their pro- 
 ceeding by a publick Declaration. The Sub- 
 ftance whereof was : That they had now ta- 
 ken Arms only tQ defend the Freedom and 
 "Privilege of Parliaments^ and to vindicate 
 the Rights and Liberties of fhe Teopk a- 
 gainft allOfpofition what Jo ever. Thkwas 
 accordingly printed.j^t .^^/^^//r^^, and diC 
 V^rkdthiough Scotland and England. 
 
 X. But 
 
 General Monk. 137 
 
 X. But at the fame Time fome of thofe 
 that had conlented to follow their General in 
 thefc Proceedings, began to be afraid of mak- 
 ing fo wide a Breach between the two Ar- 
 mies; and therefore proposed to the General, 
 that he would endeavour to redtify thefe Mi- 
 ftakes and Prejudices between both the Ar- 
 mies^ by writing firft to the principal Officers 
 in London, They who beft undcrftood the 
 Intereft of the Army m Scotland, did greatly 
 diflike the Propofal ; but, in their prefent 
 State of Affairs, it was not fafe to decline that 
 Method, fo much to the Difcontent or Sufpi- 
 cion of thofe who were Authors of it, Let- 
 ters therefore were agreed to be drawn up to 
 Fleetwood and Lambert^ in which the Gene- 
 ral, expoftulating their Violence to the Par- 
 liament, declared his own, and the unanimous 
 Refolution of the Army under his Command, 
 to aflert their Authority. At the fame Time 
 other Letters were alfo written to Mr. Lent- 
 hallj the Speaker of the late Parliament, to 
 acquaint him, that if the Interruption did 
 continue, he Ibould be ready with his Army 
 to reftore them to their Seflion, according to 
 the Duty of his Place. And becaide feveral 
 of his Officers that adhered to him, were 
 Members of Independent Congregations in 
 
 England^ 
 
\( 
 
 138 ne LIFE of 
 
 England, it was thought fit by the fame 
 Meflenger, to fatisfy that Tntereft in the Ju- 
 (lice of their Quarrel ; afluring them by a 
 Letter : That they had no Contention with 
 the Army in England relating to Religion-^ or 
 any religious Terfuajlon ; that their ffiri- 
 ttial Liberties jho7ild not he violated by him^ 
 or his Army ; but that he was in T>uty ob- 
 liged to fupfort the Authority of Tarlia- 
 ments, againji the ambitious TraBices of the 
 Army in England. A Copy of the Letter to 
 the Speaker, and of thofe alfo to Fleetwood 
 and Lambert-^ were prefently after put to the 
 Prefs at Edenburgh, But the other to the 
 Independent Churches, being againft the Grain 
 of the Presbyterian Methods in Scotland^ 
 was ordered to be printed at London, 
 
 ' XI. General Monk having difpatch'd a- 
 way a Meflenger with thefe Letters to Lon- 
 don, was in the interim careful to ftrengthen 
 his Intereft, by the Acceflion of other remote 
 Correfpondencies. To that End he wrote 
 Letters to the Forces in Ireland, reprelenting 
 the Juftnefs and Neceflity of his Proceedings 
 againft the Engliflo Army, and defiring their 
 Afliftance with him in reftoring the Parlia- 
 ment; from whcm he received a very cold 
 and* diflenting Anfvver. XII. Ax 
 
 General Monk. 139 
 
 XII. At the fame Time there was a good 
 Fleet riding in the "Downs, commanded by 
 Vice-Admiral Lawfin. From whom he 
 might, with much Confidence, exped a Com- 
 pliance ; having been, fome Years fmcc, their 
 Admiral in the fortunate War againft the 
 "Dutch, and had left them with an extraordi- 
 nary Memory and high Eftimation of his Bra- 
 very and Courage. But the Officers at Lon- 
 don had before-hand, by their Agents, done 
 his Bufmefs fo efFeaually, by mifreprefenting 
 his Intentions, that the Fleet was refolv'd to 
 ftand ofF, till they were further fatisfy'd in 
 the Clearnefs of his Defigns. The like An- 
 fwers he receiv'd from Colonel Overton, then 
 Governor of Hull, and fome other Garrifons 
 in England, who were content to become 
 Interceflbrs between him and the Englijh Of- 
 ficers for an Agreement ; but would not o- 
 therwife be concern'd in the Quarrel. 
 
 XIII. No Man, except General Monk, 
 could happily have kept his Thoughts fteady 
 and lefolute in the midft of fo many crofs 
 Accidents, which took him in the very Be- 
 ginning of his Defigns. But being only to 
 form his own Army into an exa<a Obedience 
 
 tcj himfelf ; he was very much aflur'd, if he 
 
 could 
 
I40 Hoe LIFE of 
 
 could not be in a Capacity to invade England^ 
 yet his Enemies ihould never be able to force 
 him out of Scotland: Having refolv'd to raife 
 the Kingdom in Arms, and to entruft the No- 
 bility and Gentry of that Nation, before he 
 would take a Baffle from them. 
 
 ii V-- 
 
 CHAP. XII. 
 
 L The Effeci of his Letters^ the Army in 
 England under a great Confternation, II. 
 They fend Commijfary Clarges and Colonel 
 Talbot to treat with General Monk. III. 
 Newcaftle fecitred for the Committee of 
 Safety by Colonel Lilburn. IV. IVhich prov- 
 ed an Advantage to the General. V. Com- 
 miffary Clarges and Colonel Talbot arrive 
 at Edenburgh. VI. Commijfary Clarges 
 privately informs the General^ of the ill 
 Condition ofthofe who feut him\ however^ 
 
 \ to gain Time for bringing together his di- 
 
 jiant Forcesy VIL The General confents to 
 
 \a Treaty between the two Armies ^ and 
 
 appoints Commijponeri. yYHl. Gives his 
 
 Commiffioners fome private InJlru5iions. 
 
 IX. The 
 
 General Monk. 141 
 
 IX The Council of Officers at London 
 prepare for a War. X. Lambert marches 
 into the North. XI. Meets with Gene- 
 ral MonkV Commiffioners at York, and 
 treats with them, but without comtng to 
 any Agreement. XII. Lambert fends a 
 Meffiage to General Monk by Major Gene- 
 ;W Morgan. XIII. Who, at the fame time, 
 privatehf delivers a Meffiage from the 
 Lord Fairfax to the General XI V.Fleet- 
 wood alfo writes privately a civil Letter 
 to the General' XV. A Letter of Thanks 
 from the Independent Congregations tn 
 London to the General, XVI. Carried by 
 two of their Taftors, and two Colonels: 
 Their Behaviour, and Reception. XVII. 
 Frejh Rjtdedvours to raife Sedition among 
 the General's Soldiers. XVIII. The Ge- 
 . neral's great Care to prevent it. XIX. 
 He appoints a fpecial Committee of Offi- 
 cers for the receiving and dijpatching 
 Meffages. 
 
 I. A BOUT O£iohr i8. his Meflenger ar- oa.zS 
 J\ rived with the Letters nx. London y 
 which had all of them the very fame Effed 
 that General Monk expeded. For the Jun<ao 
 were thereupon contriving to make Parties in 
 
141 The LIFE of 
 
 the Army that might diftrad their Councils. 
 But Fleetwood and Lambert^ and their Com- 
 mittee of Safety, were greatly fiirpriz'd.at 
 the Receipt of thefe Letters. And being fur- 
 ther informed by his Meflcnger, (who was ill 
 chofen for that Employment) how far Ge- 
 neral Monk had proceeded in modelhng his 
 Army and Officers to a Compliance with his 
 Defigns, and the Influence he had over them ; 
 that he had clapt up Colonel Cob he t {o foon 
 as he arriv'd, and lecur'd or calhier'd one hun-" 
 dred and forty of his diftruftcd Officers ; they 
 began to think they had taken wrong Mea- 
 fiires with him, and were merely impos'd upon, 
 by the foolifli Perfuafion of thole who affiir'd 
 them, that the Scotch Army would not be 
 brought to engage againft thdir Brethren in 
 England'^ and that, though it were believ'd 
 General Monk would not comply with the 
 Officers at London^ yet he wanted Intereft e- 
 nough in his Army to lead them his own 
 Way. And they knew him ib well, that if 
 he could fix his Army to a Submiffion and 
 Dependence tipon him, he had Courage and 
 Conduct enough to give them more Trouble 
 than all tke Enemies they had yet met 
 with. 
 
 II. They 
 
 General Monk. i43 
 
 11 Thev had therefore no mind to enter 
 into a down-right War with General i^.«i; 
 but, upon ftirther Confultation , it was rcr • 
 folv'd Z attempt him by a Treaty; m Hopes 
 to brina off the General himlelf, or at leaft 
 fome of his Officers, to unite with them. 
 Very late therefore the fame Evening they Oc,.^3 
 fent for CommifTaryjC/^r.?^^, and Colonel Ta^ 
 hot, who had a Foot Regiment dien quarter d 
 Kn Edinburgh, to attend ^b^m prefently ai: 
 the Council, then fitting in Wbtte-Hall, 
 Where they inform'd them, that they had re-, 
 ceiv'd Letters from General Monk ; by which 
 it did appear, their Proceedings in London 
 had been mifreprefented to him; that there 
 were fome evil Inftruments about him, which 
 had endeavour'd to create Jealoufies between 
 the chief Officers in the two Armies, and (a- 
 aainft the Intereft of both) to engage them m 
 .rWar, or Diftruft of each other. And hav- 
 ins given them ftitther Inftrudions how to 
 manage their Meffage with the General, and 
 his Officers, they commanded them both to 
 haften their Journey to him; being fo nettled 
 with the Bufmefsythat they allow'd them but 
 three Hours Time to make ready for fo long 
 a Voyage. But if General Monk had chofen 
 an ill MefTenger to carry his Letter to Lon- 
 
 3 d0U» 
 
144 ne LIFE of 
 
 dm J thcfe Officers had more groflly mift-iften 
 themfelves, in fending thefe two Perfons, e- 
 Ipecially the Commiflary, an their Errand in- 
 to Scotland. 
 
 III. But leaving theft *<Jentlemen in pfc- 
 cin6l of their hafty Jouhiey, we will pais be- 
 fore them again into the North, where we 
 fliall find General Monk bufied in the furrffcr 
 modeHing of his Arni^^ And becaufe he 
 would have Pafles enough for his own Mo- 
 tions, or for the Acceflion of fiich Parties as 
 he hopM might rife for him in England^ he 
 was refblv'd tofecure the two grand Avenues 
 into Scotland. To that End be had before 
 lent Major "Dean with a Party of Horfe to 
 lecure Carlifie^ who fail'd in the Attempt. 
 And had now commanded Colonel Knight 
 with four Troops of Horfe, and Major Mil- 
 ler with fix Foot Companies, to ftrprize 
 Newcajile: But having marched as far as 
 Morpeth, they receiv'd Intelligence, that Co- 
 lonel Lilburn had prevented their Defign up- 
 on Newcaftlei, and had already entered the 
 Town with a Party, refolving ti^'keep it for 
 the Committee of Safety: This Perfon was 
 quarter'd at Tork^ and fo foon as he heard of 
 General Monk's Proceedmgs in Scotland^ was 
 
 very 
 
 General Monk. 145 
 
 very bufy ia the North to coatrive againft 
 him For befides the Contradiaion of their 
 diffeiept Aims and Principles, Lilbum had 
 an old Gruc^e againft General Uonky ever 
 fmce he was thoi^ht the ablerMaa to fucceed 
 him in the Command of Scotland^ of which 
 WP have given an Account before. Bat fo 
 foon a^ eencral Monk had receiv'd Advice^ 
 4j^ UUmn had ppiftfs'd Kewcafile, he 
 difpatch'd Orders to Colonel iif^i^/^^ and Ma- 
 jor Miller^ to proceed no further; but, for 
 the prefcut, to retreat to v^/^^^V^. 
 
 IV. Nqt long after, General Monk found 
 his. own good Fortune, in miffing this Pkce: 
 Which^ being a I^rqnuer Town, would hap- 
 ply have been befieg'd by Lambert, before 
 the General could b^ve been in ReadincfS to 
 have march'd for the Relief of it : So that ei- 
 ther h? would have been enforc'd to enter up- 
 on Adion before he bad been prepar'd, or to 
 have exposed thofe Troops and Companies, 
 which were fome of the cl^oiceft Meri of his 
 Army, aad greatly de¥ot;ed to hi? Service ; 
 and the Officers, fuch as had given the moft 
 early Experiment of their Fidelity, r 
 
 V. As o u T the *^ of N«vembert the fore- mv. s, 
 
 L mentioned 
 
1^6 The 'LIFE of 
 
 inentioncd MefTengers from the Carindl of 
 Officers, Conimiflaty Chrrr^es and Colonel 
 Talbot^ arrived at J5^OT^y/r^i6, and, tipon De- 
 ''iivery of their MefligCj General Monk pre- 
 fently perceiv'd the Officers in London ^A 
 rathct fear than ddfpife him ; fince they had 
 taken the Trouble of fending Agents 6n pur- 
 J>ofe fo for, to complimeht him into a better 
 Opinion o£ their Proceedings, ^nd to jJrocutc 
 a Treaty. ^ ifi J i^ 
 
 VL The General had'much fecret Difcourfc 
 with Commiflary ClargeSy whofe coming was 
 very feafonable to him, being able to give him 
 a very good Account of the Condition of 
 thofe who fent him. By whom he was aflur- 
 cd, that they were jealous of each other, and 
 in fiich want of Money, as they could not 
 take up a few Weeks Pay for the fetting 
 forth the Army, whidi they were preparing 
 to feud down into the North. General Monk 
 ^ery well knew he had already proceeded fur- 
 ther, than was poiTible to be made up by a 
 Treaty ; that the Officers in England would 
 never truft him, and he was reiblvM to have 
 no further Confidence in them: So that a 
 Treaty could produce no good) nor did he in- 
 tend it fliould. But becaufe his own Officers 
 ' * might 
 
 General Monk. 14?^ 
 
 mi^t be better fatisfy'd with the Equity and 
 ;Temper of his Proceedings *, and efpedaliy 
 M^regafd a great Part of his^ Army was nbt 
 yet fix'dand fettled t6 his Mind, 4nd fdrate'df 
 th^m ^ttrfe. more iHto tW6 hundred Miles' i- 
 part ; vi^hich would take Tim^ both to itiRJI-ifa 
 the Officers, and to tnurch thole far dilferit 
 Patties to a R^ri4er?twt ; he found ' it His 
 own Interift and^Gonvenience (for the giM* 
 ing further Leifure) to confent to a 'Tifeatf . 
 
 . - 1 
 
 VH. ' Tii E h^xt ' Motning thei-^ftfre ' at la 
 'Council of Officers, the« General acqilalttted 
 th«ni with the Meflige ht had reeeiv'd fr(Mh 
 London: That the Officers there were defi- 
 rous of a Treaty, to adjuft the ApprehenfioHs 
 and Jcaloufies between the two Armies, which 
 was readily aflented to by the Council of Of- 
 ficers ; and that three Pcrlbns Ihould be chd- 
 len among them for this Employ meiit. Bdt 
 they Wei-efo civil towards their Gefaeiral, and 
 confident in his PfUdtocfe, that they would 
 teftr die Nominition to Irimfelf; who there- 
 fore |m5pos'd Colonel Knight and Colonel 
 Clobery, and,' in fe^uitkl of tfeit Relpe<9-, 
 left it i& the Officer* to d^int a third Pet- 
 foni who then chofe Cotoitel#1r/^j. 
 
 \r U 
 
 L % 
 
 VIII. These 
 
I'-. 
 
 148 The LIFE of 
 
 VIII. Th E s E Commjirtiqner$ were difpatch- 
 cd away with all Gony.einient Speed, : having 
 receiv'd their public^^ I^ftrucStions f^m the 
 Council of P%er^. Bm;.,bf|pxe^bey took 
 Leave of the General, he gayg^fliem alfo pri- 
 vate Direcaions of his own, which they were 
 ^particularly oblig'd 1^ purfuc;, vuz^ b^fides 
 jtreating with the^ pfficers in Lo^^ou, they 
 were to ufe aU .thc,i^|i^J>qy could, to infpea 
 Hbf different Aims and Interefts th^t were a- 
 niong them, not to oblige themfelves to the 
 Jet Time, to which they , were confin'd by the 
 i Council of Officerp, but rather to protrad it, 
 ' if they found Caufe. But in a moft particular 
 manner they were charged not to confent to 
 .any Agreement, otherwife than by reftoring 
 the late Parhaix^ent; but if that Point could 
 not poflibly be gaipd^ .tjien that a pew one 
 fiiould be chofen by the People. For Gene- 
 xA Monk very wql^ J^pew,. there, was no 
 
 dealing with th^PPi^^Mfe ^^.fi^yl^ not bring the 
 EngUjhMmy to acki^owledge fome Autho- 
 rity; f^pqriqx . po the^pof^^^^^ And if they 
 could be l^rought.to fubmit to a Parliament 
 freely phplen^ whi^h would bp fure to qp- 
 pofe ihem^ he iliould then never w;ant Qp- 
 portunity or Interqft ,1:9^, pake hiix^lf their 
 Match. He was npw growing old in Ar- 
 
 r mour. 
 
 GV^NiR^^ Monk. 149 
 
 mouf, hiving ttjrtt'a th<?Shadow of his fiftieth 
 Year, being in the MftttiHty of his Jqdgtnent 
 and Experience, aftd W^s' a!s much their fope- 
 Tior in the Methods' of Waii' as it the'Juft* 
 nefsofhisCade; -* '^^ [ ' 
 
 - IX. But thti generitl Geiihfcil of Officer^ 
 in Lofldtm^ thot^h t?H^-had fenc dowh theit 
 Mefringef^^'e^riimifrar^ Cfer^^J and'<:6ldnel 
 Talbot y tb procure a Treaty, yet, being doiibt^ 
 fill of the Event, were refolv'd to feebnd the 
 Defign for iPeace, with Preparation tt» a Wai^, 
 in CiSeijzi^&iX Monk ftiould prove reftive 
 or incomplaifiint 
 
 X. To this Eird Major General Lambert 
 (who had contrived this Expedition in the laft 
 StJ^e of his Ambition) was order'd to- march 
 toward the North, with' fuch Forces as cbtild 
 be fpar'd out of the City, which were to be 
 coittpleated with the Addition of thofe Regi- 
 ments, that, after the Defeat of* Sir George 
 Booth, wdre quartdfd toward the Korthern 
 Counties: Their Succefs in Chejhire foUc 
 Months before, had rais'd in them fuch an 
 extraordinary Vanity '^ttd Cdhfidence, that 
 they did nt)t confider they" were now to en- 
 counter another fort of Warfare, and another 
 kind of General. L 3 X'- ^ajor 
 
 I 
 
ijo The L I F E^of]^ 
 
 XL Major Genetal Lambert ^^9X\^'d^ 
 fn^^atly with his Forces towards thftNi^rth, 
 aiid at Tork met the .Commiffiooeis of tbft 
 Treaty ia then" Wgy tQ.iL^^»i Wd w?S Wil^ 
 IiQg to have fpar' d thim ' 4iq Trord^lp of* 
 longer Journey, afluring them) that he had 
 facought with him lowers firoia die iGpnjmit- 
 tj^ of rS^ety, and ffee. glouncil of OffiwuSj td 
 ttcat'with them, an4^lKf compoi^ ih? 'PifFe^ 
 i:©nc€s. Put when tfeey came to eater upoii 
 l^^Bufinefs, theGonnimiffioners wdi^draiffeHa 
 to npthing, tiil k was firfl agreed, -th^. the 
 late Parliament Ihould be reft0!?ed. This was 
 a Point which Lambert (who had cJiflbWd 
 the Jun6to) could leaft of all aflent to, and 
 was refoiv'd againft ; and therefore pretend- 
 ing he had no Inftrodions to treat of it, the 
 Conuniflioners were permitted to gd on theif 
 Journey. Only it Was here agreed, that, dur- 
 ing the Treaty, neither of their Armies ihoul4 
 advance ifrom their feVfctal Qtiarters, and thaf 
 no A6t of Hoftihty fliotiWpafs between rhe^), 
 nor any InterruptiomipOft l^etters <!Hr Meffem 
 g^s. ■ ^'v -^'^ 1 
 
 Xn, In this Plgce Major General Lam^ 
 bert found Major General Morgatty then re- 
 covering from a long Fit of the Gout, by 
 
 which 
 
 General Monk. lyi 
 
 whlrfyihe had been fome Tiitie di&blcd from 
 returflifflito his Command in Smtlaifd^^Si^ 
 now having in good Meafiire got off from the 
 Arreft of hi$ Gout, he was. afraid- t)£ia/worle 
 CanHnemeati; ^duthereforc ^ pru<kbtly ^d«*4 
 fembled his. Opinion piiG^tnyMfim sVtQ>t 
 ceedinas^ iufomuch zs<Ltmhetmm°»9^>^ 
 ference.witK him, itbought .him a. y^rjr Jit Per. 
 fob tb promote bi8.D«fign in iycflft/^si/y where 
 he was Major General to the Aroayj and. of 
 fo particabr a Credit with General m^* and 
 lottreft among the Soldiers, that it W4« hop'tj 
 be would be,able, either, to incline the Gene^ 
 ral to an Agreement, or to draw off a- good 
 Part of his Army from him. The noxt Day 
 therefore he beg^n his Journey to £^^^ 
 burgh, where he attended the General about 
 the 8'" of iSTot^m^^^. being fome few Day? sov.Z 
 after the Arrival of Commiffary Qlargesi.^ 
 Colonel Talhot, So fcion as he cam?, b9 
 pnWiekly gaveG?i»cr§l.^<'*^ aft.^ccount of 
 \mU<dm^^^^^'^^^^^ <Jefmpg,^iisCo% 
 
 piiagcpwith the ^mM^Hgi^'X^mm 
 
 it was anfwcr'd, that if the Parliament were 
 xeftored again, he had no further Quarrel; 
 but wi^bfWf , it il^ll :€«# cfe?i ft9 W^"^' 
 
 /d ' >ni lo 11 '1 saoi Ji moit riiVii tv, 
 
 L 4 Xlll. 1 N . 
 
152 TheLVFEof \ > 
 
 JftU W^iik EYcning 'Morgan £6und Op- 
 
 portimity of private EXftrourft With the Gehc- 
 
 yalj'and deliver'd to ftit» ^ Lettei' frbm Mr. 
 B^les^^ Preacher ittf 25^, tod a.* particular 
 
 Agent incrufted hjxkt^l^otdiFmrfa^^ aflur- 
 ing him, his Lordftiip, and other Perfons 6f 
 Quality in the Country^ wfituld be willing to 
 join witfehim againft the ArtnyHn'^Enghmf^ 
 if, inftea:d of reftoring that Piece of a Parlia- 
 ment^ (which was internaj)ted the*^^*?*^ of O- 
 ifol^er laft) he would confcnt to the Admif^ 
 fion alfb of the formerly fecluded Members; 
 or to the calling of a new Reprefcntatire. 
 The General iaid little hereunto; but then 
 refolv'd that CommifTary Clarges Ihould, in 
 his Return to London^ vifit Mr. Bowks'^ and 
 latisfy him a little in thofc Particulars. And 
 upon further Difcourfe together. Major Gene- 
 ral Morgan was {o, fully fatisfy 'd in the Juftice 
 of the General's Proceedings, that, though 
 he had taken the Pains to^brirtg Lamberf^ 
 Mef&gCj. yet did not. think himfelf oblig 'd to 
 carry back the Anfwef, iieihg prcfebtly com- 
 manded by the. General, together with Adjui 
 rant Smithy to march. to the feverll Horfe- 
 Quarters, and to. moflct dicrfe Troops actord* 
 ing to Inftrudion, - g^w ,v^v ' VL ru : f^- ' ' ^ 
 
 Xiy. The 
 
 Gene k a- l M o i^^^ ^ 5 ^ 
 
 to- he laok'd on this fir^le P^««^aS a B^^ 
 linfee ^ainft tbofe o«d hundred aAfl fo«y-C»- 
 fice«,lhat hadl^oHs-SerVicey dr*adl>een 
 
 ckfhier'd <* ^"^ ,qiHibio I >irl ,mif« mi 
 
 About tHii'"Ftoe^^l'i««te'^'^ ••Genfer^ 
 i?/f^^'.-^, though hfei'HkJ'difpacdi'd awjy 
 CommifTary Chfier itidColbntVTalifoPi by 
 Cbhfent of the Gouncil of Officers, to pro^ 
 cure a Treaty and Agreement ; y et fome fe\s^ 
 Days after ,^ he thought fie to fend Ilfetters 
 to General MMr)^ by a private Mefledger of 
 his own. Before this Time he had entertain'd 
 fome Api^ehenfion of Z-aw^^^'s Ambition, 
 and therefore was refolv'd to procure ( if pof^ 
 flble) a good Underftanding * With GenWal 
 Monk, by whofe Friendfliip or Conjun6tioli 
 he ffiotild be always able to obviate or balance 
 the Defigns of the other. ' To this End h^ 
 fent clowi Mr. ^ean, who 'vvas one of the 
 Tisehfarfers df the Arrtiy, with a rery ^ind 
 Letter ahd Propolal tb General Mvnki tviilch 
 thon^ they cam? to no Effe(ft, yet the Ge-' 
 neral eafily difccrn'dall was not right 'aCmong 
 themfelves. Thir iVfeflenger's' Demeanotnr 
 and Adion in Scotland^ was very much rcfciit- 
 ed in the Army. For in his Way through 
 • theiE 
 
 ! 
 
ii 
 
 r54 The ^L I f E of 
 
 their QpaTOrs, he was ftiU diftribudng Tick- 
 cts to feduqe the Soldiers frx)m their Obedi- 
 ence. He was very well received by the Ge- 
 neral at the Head^Quart^rs^ yet had the In- 
 iblencc to talk indecently to biun at his own 
 Table, charging him With Defigns of intro- 
 ducing CJ:>arl€s Stuart ; or if he did not de- 
 fign it, yet the Divifion he had already made 
 between the two Armies, would certainly 
 Jbring him in;''-!)'', ^r/Ve was one Morning 
 fianding at the Head of la Foot-Company in 
 Edenburgh^ where this Mr. 2)^^» pals'd by, 
 and told them : My Lord Lambert is coming 
 ufcn you with fitch a Force j as all General 
 MonkV Army 'ivill fcarce make one Break- 
 faji fi)r him. But a ftout Soldier return'd this 
 lurly Anfwer : That the cold Weather had 
 gotten Lambert a very good Stomachy if be 
 could eat their Swords afidTikeSy andJisjaU 
 low their Bullets. But the General prefent- 
 ly after gave him Anfwer, and difmifs'd him, 
 not without fome Refleniou upon the Info- 
 lence of his Carri^e and Deportment. . u, . 
 
 rur\ 
 
 XV. And now the Meflengers that procur- 
 ed the Treaty, Commiflary Clarges and Cor- 
 lonel Talbopy\\zsix% received their InftrucSionSi 
 return'd back for LiOndon. But the one fell 
 
 mto 
 
 into Lmberfs Army, and continued there? 
 the other went on towards r<?ri,. having Dir 
 region frour the General ta treai&rther with 
 Mx>,Bo':<^Jesy .and to kaye with him thaGe?^, 
 i^e^rs Letter dire^b^jita ihfi Lord Fairfax-^ 
 and hfid alfo Orders'tb fettle qth^Gorrefpont, 
 denotes iii tiiSiW^y lo iAi^^dm. We have ^'=. 
 fixre given Account-bf (the Letter which G^ 
 n^er^l M(^nk^ (i» CenjpliAnce with fuab Q&4 
 ce^s of bis Awy^ a$ were of that Per&afipp| 
 had,ffnt to th^ ^dependent Congregations ia^ 
 Landpn, Souie whereof were fo fenfible of 
 iui R^ip^ towards them, Ui giving them tha 
 AcQQunt of; bis Anions, and declaring fos- 
 tbeir Liberty r that they thought themfelve$ 
 oblig'd to return him Thanks by Meffenger^ 
 of their pwn. Others of them that were mor^ 
 crafty and defigning, had a further Reach io. 
 this Contrivance t They were moft concerned 
 for the Power and Intereft af the Englijh 
 ArR^; and therefor^ were refolv'd, by thisp 
 Opportunity of fending ioto Scotland^ if Ge^ 
 ner^l Mmk^fiA the reft flioiild prove immov- 
 able, to draw off their own Party there to a 
 Compliance with the Army in London. 
 
 *KVL To this Employment were (?hafeaj 
 tw6 Paftors of their Churches, Mr. Caryl^ a 
 
 Perfon 
 
 11 .1 
 
 \ 
 
1^6 ne Life of 
 
 Perfon of Learning and Gravity, and Mr. 
 j5^r>&^r; there we^e 'alfb*'5^^^ With them, 
 two Colonels of that Communion, WhaUey 
 and Gojf\ and' when they 1:ari[ie to Newcafile, 
 their Company wals increas^ % tlie Adm^^^ 
 of Mr. Hammndy^y^^ a Congrega- 
 
 tion there, "a fevere Zealot of the fame tV'Sy. 
 iTie two Mihifteh were^to ef^^^ an'Jt^ree- 
 inent betxyeen the twp'Armi whilft the 
 two Colonels, being upon* this Occaflon ad- 
 mitted into the Heaci-Quartiers, fhouldpra- 
 i^ife upon the^ infefior'^t)fHcers, who, toge- 
 ther with Mr. Hammond^ wtrtmnch accus'd 
 for feverarVefy 111 Contrivances during their 
 Reiidence there. But after feveral Conferen- 
 ces, vi^hich did rather incenle the Genei-al, 
 than perfuade him; General Monk gave them 
 fiich Reafons for his !Refolution to oppofe the 
 EngUJh Army, that the Meffengers of Inde- 
 pendency took their Leave of him, hoping 
 his own Commiffiohers would be more forto. 
 nate in concluding the Agreetnent m London^ 
 which themfelyes could not begin at Eden- 
 biirjfh. , ,, 
 
 XVII. General' 'ifd»^ had no fooner 
 difmifs'd thefe rmpbrtimi^es ttpoii him from 
 abroad, but Kc was encounter'd with new Di- 
 
 fturbances 
 
 General ^^M- M7 
 
 fturbances at home: For though >e had im- 
 prifon'd fome of thofe Officers whom he ha^ 
 difplac'd, or who had defertpd him ; yet the 
 moft of them were fet at yberty, to fettle 
 the Accounts o( their Companies, and to take 
 Care of their other Affairs, before they eft 
 the Country, Theft Officers, \ having, thu^ 
 loil their CommiiTion and Emplojjpent, gr?»( 
 yery mutinous \nEdenburgh, accufmg..the 
 General for the, Methods he had taken WJtB 
 them, contriving to raife Seditions and Parti^ 
 ampik their own Soldiers againft hma:;.§o 
 that the General was enforc'd to command 
 their'' Departure out of 6Vo//-2«^ prefentlx, 
 where they were neither toftay nor to return 
 again at the Peril of their Heads: But for 
 thcj; Arrears, they were to ftate them with 
 • /tl?eir new Matters' whither they were goin^ 
 being rcfolv'd they fliould not be enabled to 
 fight againft him with his ^^n Money, to the 
 Prejudice of the other. Part of his Army that 
 continued ^tl^^\^jj^ .,,o-, 
 
 XVIII. But to fix the Refolution of his 
 
 Soldiers for further Pradices upon them, and 
 
 to fpirit th^m againft the Arnyr, ip Et^glmdy 
 
 there was particular Care, tal^en in. the placing 
 
 foch Serjeants and Corporals over , them, as 
 
 were 
 
158 Tfje L I F E ofi 
 
 were Pfcople of fome Difcretion and Tfuft; 
 who, converfing more with the common Sol- 
 diers than the lupcH'toir Officers did, hS(J%oh. 
 tintial Opp^ttuniry of making better ImpreP 
 fions upon them. And to thd fam6 Ends thcfe 
 were frequently piiblifli'd Pamphlets and Paf- 
 quils, with Iharp Reflexion^ upon the Pra- 
 dice of the Army in Erigimd^-^^Vkoko^t^ 
 printed, Hating the Cafe of the Quarrel, be- 
 tween a Soldier of the Scotch Army and an- 
 other of the Englijh, AH which were uiiially 
 tead among them upon the Guards^ and para- 
 phrased upon by the Serjeants or Corporils; 
 atid every Week a Gazette of the fanie Pur- 
 pott was printed at Edenburgh, 
 
 XIX. The General was about this Time 
 beficg'd with fo many Letters and continual' 
 Meflages to him from the general Gouricil of 
 Officers in London^ and another general 
 Cbtmcil at 2)»^///?i and a third at Newcaftle, 
 that, befides the (landing genera! Coufaeil of 
 all CommiflTion Officers in the Army, hccon- 
 ftituted a Committee of principar Gonmiand- 
 ers, to which w^re added fome Perfons of e- 
 fpecial Prudence and Truft, who Were to jper- 
 ufe all Letters, and to draw up Anfwcrs to 
 them ; to entertain fuch MeiTetigers as were 
 
 fent ; 
 
 G E N E 1^ AM. %i o ^ k:. 1 5 9 
 
 rent -^ to e^camifte the Pfecquets, and tOnft<>p fuch 
 Letters ^s they thought fit; a^d to^prepare 
 all Bufinefs ready fdr the ^ Generrfl' s EMJpatcti, 
 ag*i;nft &ch Tiinc as lie was *t It^ifiJte.iQ 
 comefo'CotmciihHi 01 bnA rMittforfrr^rVoit 
 
 Ijjli 
 
 i'J i4 
 
 - ^r| i-^H "t 
 
 m <• t r 
 
 )■: 
 
 I. 
 
 -•.■t 
 
 
 » 1 
 
 cH^^p.^xia , 
 
 General Monk'j CmmiffifsniYS arrive in 
 London, md come to an Agreement with 
 thoje of the Englifh Army, inith the Ar- 
 ticles of Agreement. II. The General is 
 furpriz'd with the News of this Agree- 
 ment. III. And refufes to confirm it, af. 
 ter having called a Council of Qfficerst 
 who declare their Dijlike of it : . Vpoff 
 which a Letter was fent to Fleetwood, 
 de firing an Explanation of fome oftheAr-! 
 thits. IV. Then he marches bad from 
 Edciiburgh to Haddington; theiice to Dun- 
 * bsLr, and takes «/ his .garters at Ber- 
 wick. VI. ^onie ^f the GeneraPs Horfe 
 defert to Lambert, iJvho wastpiarter'd at 
 Newcaftle. Ylh The General's Letters 
 arrive at London. 'The various EffeBs 
 
 of 
 
Ko' 
 
 I: ; 
 
 160 rioe LIFE of 
 
 u^f thtm upon the fev^rM.^^rtus then 
 ' The Council of St^e write, m Letter of 
 
 ^ ThauAsta himy and make him Genenalif 
 
 4 Jimo ; though tuith tie Refit aint of five 
 Commiffionersjoind with him* VHI. Mis 
 CommtJJwners return to ScoxiznA, IX. ^if 
 contents in LambertV Army. X. Lambert 
 "writes to General Monk, ta re/ume the 
 Treaty. XI. Intercedes for the Releafe 
 of Colonel Cobbet, which the General re- 
 fufes. XII. Chiliingham Caftle furpriz^d 
 
 , by LambertV Forces^ jcontrary to Agree- 
 ment ^ upon which Monk confines Colonel 
 Quanchy, LambertV iV/i?^;^^^r. XIIL7I6^ 
 
 • .Arrival of General MonkV Commifiioners 
 from London,, and their Excu/e. Colonel 
 
 ^ Wilks confined. 
 
 I\ 71 7E left the Commillicners of the 
 
 V V Treaty on their Way to London^ 
 
 "where they ^nvi\ November ii. an4> with 
 
 more Ceremony than Kiudnels, were rcceiv'd 
 
 at IF ailing for d'Houfe by flich Officers as 
 
 were appointed by Lieutenant General /^fc^^ 
 
 Aji^Qod to confer with iheiq*^ Here they were 
 
 fb continually carefe'd with the Attendance 
 
 and Refped of the Officer^, that they had 
 
 no Opportimity t^ purfue their fecret Inftru- 
 
 General Monk. i6t 
 
 aionS, iii procuring Intelligence from the Ci- 
 ty, of chelate excluded Members ; not foarce 
 Freedom enough to deliberate privately a- 
 mong themfelves upon the Arficfes propos'd 
 to them. And eVery Day there were ftewed 
 to them Letters cf Intelligence from the North, 
 ( moft of which were framed in London) in- 
 forming diem of the continual and daily Re- 
 Volt of General Monk's Forces fjdm him; 
 Avhich fa akrm'd his Commiflioners, .that 
 they were afraid at this Rate, \vnthin a little 
 time, their General would not be 'worth a 
 treating with. And therefore inftead of put- 
 ftiing their private Inftrudions by artificial 
 Delays, within three Days after then- Arrival, 
 they confented to an Agreement, figned by 
 them November 15-. (the fame Evening Com- Nn-. u 
 miflary Clarges^ whom we left at ToHj re- 
 turned to Z(?;/i(?^) which was comprehdided in 
 nine fuch wild and extravagant Articles, as a- 
 ny 01^ of them had been fufficiddf to have 
 ruined all General Monk's Defigns. - * 
 
 rf » 
 
 ' 1. In the firft, they fortify 'd their Conffi- 
 rdcy agdmft the Family- of the late Khig.and 
 all'TyeJcendentsfhmhm. ^'- ': 
 
 X B V the fecon*i iftcy freclui^dthi Tre- 
 tence ofitny othw jingH Terfin; which was 
 
 M contriv'd 
 
f6^ The LITE of 
 
 contriv'd by that Party of the Commiflionersi 
 wh? were for a Common-wealth, and where- 
 by they might not ouly ihut the Door againft 
 the R^mra qf Jlk(w^iJ,Q;i>rmei, but were 
 refolv^d to keep it fad againft the later Ambi- 
 
 jjion of Lambert. ,n>', vsii; , 
 
 5. In the thirds the Matter was fo carried, 
 
 h^hat thefii^fm f^ftvi^fr.offinlini theCom- 
 mott-'joealth jljould remain in the Hands of 
 the gem-4f;Q>un£il.pf Officers-,, only aovv 
 the Officers of the A«ny in Sfofhnd ^i^Ire.- 
 /5»iftiould Gome ia.fpr a Share ,j)f she Ty- 
 
 janny. , r. yv-^-.v?.. ro-*,^' • 
 
 4. And becaufe the late Jundio was not 
 
 further^o be trtifted, the fourth /J'owt/c^ytf?' 
 the Ele£ii(m of a u.^jv parliament', but uii- 
 der fuch Qualifications as muft needs let in 
 6nly the greateft Villains in the Nation, 
 
 5. The fifth took Care for tht faying to 
 ihe Scotch Army the Arrears of their Tro- 
 ^grtion formerly fettled out of the Ajfeffmeftf 
 
 .i» England. - , p,,,-. ,> 
 
 6. The fixth Article Was the luckieft of 
 them ^ycm^itutrng a Committee of four- 
 'teen O^ers^ half lahereof were to be cho- 
 fen out of the Ar ff/y. in Ei;ighnd, and the 0. 
 ther half out of the M^ny in Scotland, who 
 were- to determiM^tfif Qaf? of all fuch Offi- 
 
 (General Monk. \6i 
 
 tefs AS had been di^lac'^y or given n^ their 
 '€6mmiffidnTy Jince i^f^ ef Odober Ufi 
 fafis dnd ihofe C6^krik£hi^ Sides 
 
 ^e^e ^"mett ^ NeWcSftle in December neict 
 injkin^: - auu.i^ iit^i • -■>;; "^ ^'^ "■'■^;;-^ - 
 
 7. Ani> becaufe they kne^, tfitt^^y Aefr 
 b^MfoM Gtiilt$ afi¥^ a^dS Pr^^ tfhejr 
 ftood^M^eed^ theteof, tfie feHiich fntM^ 
 fit^^Indenhiity:^ \-' , -> * "^ 
 
 8. Iisr the eighth} they defign'd tdyiender 
 riie Pulpit only a kihd^of iin idle (fbdntj-y 
 Wheadle iipon the Clergy of the three Na- 
 tions, for their better Suffort and EhcOi^- 
 Yazement. 
 
 9. And .in the Ninth was order'd the Re-, 
 treat of the fever al Forces in England and 
 Scotland, to their former refpctive ^ar- 
 ters before the ^afTei began: 
 
 I y J" 
 
 11. The Officers itWallingford'Hbiife had^ 
 by this Agreemietit, fb fiandfomly out-wicted 
 General Monks Commiffibhers, that they 
 Vere'Vbiy well ple^'d'w^tK their Contriviitice; 
 a^id therefore prfefently diipatch'd away their 
 fign'd' Articles by if^^ Meflengers of their 
 6wh, 'Walhupm^- and Floyd. But before 
 their Ai-rival into Scot landy General MonJ^ 
 hid Ifefir Edenburghy intending to take up his 
 ^^ M X Quarters 
 
 ■\ 
 
1(^4 72^^ LIFE of 
 
 Quarters at Berwick^ and was come as far as 
 Haddington^ \yhere thefe Meflengers found 
 ^'''' ^^him November i8. late in the Evening, as he 
 arofc from Supper. The Genetal having broke 
 up the Pacquet, and perus'd the Articles, 
 was (h^^gdy forpfis^ * at the Contents of 
 them, and did belieVe his Commifliohers were 
 frighted oiit of their Wits ^t London; 6x loft 
 them by the Way, having done nothing a- 
 gt^eable to the Iilftru(9ion$ he gave them. He 
 then gave the Paper to fuch Officers as were 
 jchen prefent, atid (according to his ufulil man- 
 ner) faid not a Woi'd to them, but retired to 
 his Chanibcr. 
 
 >jii:vij»> 
 
 in. The next Morning (inftead of hold- 
 ing on his March to Berwick ) he retir'd a- 
 gain to Edenburglh whither the News of the 
 Agreement was arriv'd before him. So that 
 upon the firft Notice of his Return thither, 
 there vvere ^ood Store of his Officers (then 
 quartering in the ToVv^ri) ready to attend him 
 in the ufual Council Chamber. At his firft 
 coming in among uicm, ne was very lueni 
 and referv'dj till fome of tliem began frank- 
 ly to expfefe 'their 't)iIcontent at this Agree- 
 ment ; others of theiri, that forefaW their own 
 
 and tlie t^iierii^ Rub cM^ by it, were 
 
 ready 
 
 'Viii- 
 
 1/ 
 
 General Monk. i(Sy 
 
 jfpady to ask Pafles to provide for themfelvcs; 
 and others difcovcr'd tbpir Paffioi^ iu^rcfleca:- 
 iqg upon the Weaknefst and Imprudence. of 
 their Commiffioners..j ^1^ Conclufio^, t|ie Ge- 
 neral let tliem know, he lik'd the Agreement 
 
 as little as any o^M^ ^^M^ !!}Fy ^^^ ^^ 
 unanimoufly adhere to hipni, hq waSixefolv'd 
 not to confirm it.., ^^':|:;q| which all th^ were 
 then prefent did very Bithfully and paflionate- 
 ly agree. The General xjierefore appointj?(^ 
 that a ^Council of Officers ihould be convened 
 to meet in the Afcernqon, where they would 
 further deliberate upon the Means how to: 
 fruftrate this Agreement. In this AfTembly 
 were prefent very many Officers, that (upon 
 the late Alteration) were advanced to higher 
 Commands in the Army, who, when they 
 obferv'd that, by the fixth Article of Agree- 
 ment, a Provifien was made for reftoring the 
 difcarded Officers to their Places again, were 
 implacably refolv'd againft it ; and, as a fur- 
 ther mifcbievouS" Contrivance upon General 
 Monk and his OfEcers, this Article looked no 
 further than the f^ of OBober laft j^:. So 
 that all thofe Officers who (during the Seffion 
 of .the Jw^p) had been difplac*d by the 
 Committee in L<?;^^<:?;/ for regulating the Ar- 
 my, and were the befl and braveft Men in 
 
 Ms fh^ 
 
 M 
 
 -^m 
 
 . '^1 
 
 r> H 
 
 
 "> I 
 
i66 ne'LIF'Eaf* 
 
 the Scotch Army ^ could receive na Benefit? by 
 iff tftomgh for the prefent the General kept 
 them hi their Commands by his own-imn!^- 
 diatc Authority/ '"'At lail -it Wiis refolv'd by 
 the General, with feme (Others of his moft in- 
 tinmte Comifel, th^^ ko Exception Ihould be 
 offer'd to any of the Articles in particular, 
 but that in the general Tonic Things were fo 
 cxprefs^rf, as wanted a more clear and d(ftin<9: 
 Explication : And theiV Commiflionersr having 
 6il'd in the Puriiiir of their Ihftrudions, hav-' 
 ing pretermitted feveral other things, which 
 needed further to be agreed upon{ that there- 
 fore they would cravx Leave for the pr<:fer t 
 to defer the Confirmation of thcfe Arric}e<J, 
 intreating their Confcnt for the adding iao 
 Gommiffioners more to their former; whivh 
 Ihould meet ^t Alntbick^ or fome other indif- 
 ferent Place, with the like Number of Com- 
 inillioneiis from the Army iti England^ in or- 
 der to a more diftirtcft and lading Agreement. 
 AH which was couch'd and drawn up thelkme 
 Night, in a Letter to Lieutenant General 
 Fleemmd and the Cbiiticil of Officers, and 
 the next Morning y^is difpatchy to London 
 by Watlington and Fi^d-, tvho broiJight down 
 the AgT^mcm. '' -iii^-» \{i'\: Mti uc^ i\ 
 
 :3/^i MitAi. {Ijiv/ I) 
 
 f 
 
 IV. The 
 
 General Monk. 1^7 
 
 IV. The General having thus fent away 
 fhefe Meflengers with their Letter^, and orr 
 der'd the Advance of his Army towards the 
 Borders, refum'd agacia hi$ Refolution feri?^^- 
 wick. So that Tpturning bov^ Edjulmrgh 
 be took up his l^tp .Quarters again iit,^^ 
 din^tony from,vyh?nce l^e.march'd to ©w- 
 kar^ where he ftay'd two Days to take Ac 
 count of thofe Forces tliat were quan;er'dia 
 thofc Places. Here he viewM thofe Hilk 
 where he had raised the firft of his Trophi^ 
 in Scotland, when, well mgh ten Years ^o, 
 on the thirdofi^^//^//?^^^rhe opened the Way 
 for the Conqueft of the Country, by that memo- 
 rable and fatal Overthrow of the Covenanters. 
 
 V. From "Dmibar he march'dto Ber-Ji:kkj 
 where he ^rriv'd about the End of November ^ 
 and took up his Head-Quarters. By this 
 Station he was come elofer to his Bufinefs, 
 ^nd could better infpe^ the Proceedings of 
 Lambert. 
 
 
 • 
 
 -'\ 
 
 I Yl.lr, was about the ^3'' of .Movember^ 
 when. Ueutenaot p^jeral/^w^^r?* having 
 before remov'd l\is^(^a3tels itovo^Terk^- and 
 kept on his Way, came to Ne%vc4le,m- 
 ther he arriv'd witlj about feven brave 
 
 M 4 Regiments 
 
 ov.zi 
 
i6& The LIFE of 
 
 Regiments pi Hoxfe, .aq4 four or ■five of 
 Fact. ^Yet in this g?ll>yat Auiiy there were 
 two fftal Defects;. XJ^ §pI4icrs.had no Mo- 
 ney, and th(; General ho^.qo Authoxiry,, .But 
 the acjyaQciujfb mucji ji^gifcr, began to:have 
 Ibme ImprefiiOJi uppp .G^n^ral Monk\ Army, 
 efpecialiy ^ laaign^ i; th^^, uR^jrlF ,„Rcgin3ents ; 
 \idiereof feveral Parties itole ^way ia the 
 Night to , JN^e:u;caJlJe,y M^}or General Mof;^ 
 ga:i having receiy'd Infla^d^ions, as we. have 
 before related, to regulate the Troops,, (and 
 Adjutant Smith was join'd with him) had ta- 
 ken great Pains in fixing them to the Qcnc- 
 ral's Relblution. But a great many of thefe 
 Troops were Anabaptifts, and fuch hkc Male- 
 contents, and were more inclined to Lapibert^ 
 and the Extravagancies of the Englijh Army, 
 than to the ftcady Counfels of their own Gcr 
 neral. Yet fome of thefe Runagates were lur- 
 priz'd before they could get oiT, and being 
 unhors'd, there were R^d-coat$, who had been 
 lb goodHusbandsof their Pay, that they could 
 find Money^to buy Boots, and were mount- 
 ed in their Room. * Qeneral il/(?^^>^, when he 
 ^^ firft4eclai;'4 ^g^in^jithe Array m Eugr 
 land, \ya$, Vrcry mucfer/ewcern'd thache was 
 no flronger i;i.JHprf^,i,baving had two.Regi- 
 ments commanded off from him by the Jun- 
 
 do 
 
 GenerIi) MoKK. , 169 
 
 &o itk the Bufinefs of Sir George Booth. Bat 
 after he found fo many Traitors and Fi^itives 
 ammig his Troops^ he was very well tbtitent- 
 ed that he bad no mote of them tdr lofce 
 His Regiments of Fddt were ei:U:irely devot- 
 ed to him, and wpre certainly, for their Cou- 
 rage and ^^<a I>il^|>lirifei the beft'Infimtry ia 
 the World; and ro:perfeaiy obedient t6 their 
 GeneraU that they ^#^ refolv'd to fight in 
 his Quarrel^' if there had been no Horfe at all 
 
 to affift him. 
 
 .<- . . ■ . ' . . ■ , ■ ' 
 
 VII. Before this Time the Meflenge|^ 
 with General Monk's Letters were arrived at 
 London^ where, fo foon as it was known, 
 that the General and his Officers had refused 
 to %n the Agreement, it rais'd many and va- 
 rious Paffions among them. The Council of 
 Officers (who fat hu^ng themfelves in the 
 Succefs of their Politicks) were greatly fur- 
 priz'd with this ftrange Fruftration, after they 
 look'd on the Bufinefs as fully concluded, and 
 had fo reprefented it to all their Party. The 
 Citizens, who, about a Fortnight agp, had 
 given up their Liberty for loft, upon the 
 News that both the Annies were agreed, be- 
 gan.now to entertain fome Hopes of theit 
 Redemption, when they 'were told the Ar- 
 
 3 tides 
 
 ^ 
 
 '5 n 
 
170 The LIFE of 
 
 tides Ni^ould not pafs itL Scotland, And the 
 old Mejml>crs of the JuikSo ^pon this News 
 began to recover thdrt Spirits:' Some white 
 before they. . were fuUen, » and out of Htimptir^ 
 that €ren^ai Afo«/4, afttr fe« had fo briskly 
 dcd^t'd fori them^ had ydr 'Ciiter'Sd inoo a 
 Treaty^ with Fleetw,o9<i"^i his Officers^ with: 
 cut advifing with them ; and that his Com- 
 jnifliodcrSi who ttjanagy it in Lojtdoti:^ hzA 
 made no Application to them. But now Ibme 
 of the old Council of State, who were refolv'd 
 to make ufe of the Occafion, met private- 
 ly togethter, and drew up a very kind Letter 
 to him, which was to be convey'd x6 Ber- 
 wick by a Servant of Sir Artlmr Hazlerig. 
 fa \t liiey greatly magnify'd the Courage and 
 Fidelity he had exprefs\i in his Declaration, 
 to defend the Authority of Parliaments, pro- 
 fltifirtg alfo their ucmoft Endeavours to concur 
 with him therein. ^ This was fobfcribed by 
 Scot the Prefident, and.eigbt more of them, 
 whereof three were joint Commiflioners with 
 him, for the Condu<SS of the Army. And 
 in Teftimony of their ;faitire Confidence in 
 him, and their Enmity agaioft, FUetwood and 
 Lambert^ they alfo feni him a Commi/Iion 
 to command as General ov^ all the Forces of 
 England and Scotland. But it was To artifi- 
 cially 
 
 Generai. Mokk. 171 
 
 eially and flily pcnn'd, tb^ if any of the for^ 
 mcr Commiffioners were with him upon th^ 
 Place, or at fuch Diftance m thef could con- 
 veniently be advis-d withi, he was to take 
 their Confent along with him; dniy tjj^i^ had 
 leducy the Number foom feveiv tolfive, h^- 
 , iiig no\)p' e^xpungy Fleetwood ^ixd Lndlowi \ 
 \'i ^ ') ,'■' ^, ^ ban \inoih n-^/^ --n' . 
 
 VIII. LiEUT^EkiNt Genei^al Fleetwood^ 
 and his Council of Officers, having further 
 Gonfider'd the Contents of General Monk's 
 Letter, were quickly npptehenfive there \va% 
 no v^y good Meaning towards them in the 
 ScofctAtmy, by this contrived Delay of figa-* 
 iwg the Agreement. They therefore ftnt fot 
 tbe Commiffioners of the Treaty, who were 
 (lill in Town; expoftulating with them this 
 proceeding of their General and his Officers; 
 The Commiflioners had very little to % in 
 it: But they, having fign'd thofe Atticies, 
 l^ie of them gave Affurance of their utmoft 
 Endeavour to procure the fpeedy Ratification 
 of them, when they fliould next come to le-^ 
 fume the Treaty. Which fb far fatisfy 'd the 
 Council of Officers, that they prefently fign'd 
 ifeeir Pafs for their fefe Condud hom^ward^ 
 flattering themfelves with the Confidence of ' 
 cheating them again i» the North, as- eafily 
 as they had done it at London. IX. B u x 
 
 
 )- 
 
 1, 
 ( 'I 
 
 Pt 
 
 i x' 
 
l"?! 
 
 ^he 1 / F 
 
 
 . IX„ But before. theft Commiiriona-s could 
 get to A^^z^^/^/^-\i%.d^c^. Waj horxie, the 
 
 IScvys of Qeperal ili(:^/4:^Peraur to the Agree- 
 li^cut had irode, foul Wpr^ mxhLamberf. apd 
 h}s, Oi|iqq^5 ijbcre; i who, \y^jre mpre cqq^erp'd 
 than afiy-^f , tl?e ref^^fq^ the Speedy .Coa^ 
 fipij of ;I)e Treaty^ -Apd^thoiifigh they pjugh 
 exceeded their Enemies in Number, and want- 
 c4, not Force, enough to defend thcmfclvcs a^ 
 gapft them, yet they had not their ufual.Gon- 
 Ycniences, nor Mony to procure them. And 
 thele Soldiers of Lambert were a (brt.of pam- 
 pcr'd and dehcate Companions, that for a 
 long Time had known no Hardfliip, but liv'd 
 at Eafe in their Englijh Quarters; having 
 nothing elfe to do, but ,to eat the Fat of the 
 Land, and to continue the Nation's Slavery. 
 Bat now thefe cold Countries of Northunu 
 her land and dmberland^ among a coarfe and 
 hardy kind-9f, People, made them as weary 
 of rfieir Quarters, as they were of th§^^ 
 
 ,.X. I ^ tjie n^idft of thefe, and many other 
 iHr^ Circumftances, Majq^ij^ , General Lan^ert 
 was very ,d^firous,tph^|teJ^^ Conclufion 
 of ,the,3;reai:y..j qTo which. JEnd, before Ge-. 
 n^ai Mpnk's Commiflioners were retum'd as 
 
 far 
 
 General Monk. i/3 - 
 
 far as Newcaftk, he had Tent Colonel Zan- 
 chy with Letters to General Mtnk^ru^ his 
 Officers, (who arriv'd at ^^m/VJ?;'"^^- ^;) 
 to ' nominate thCiT two' new' Ci)Bri»ii(ridnei's, 
 and to rcilime the t?elfty^ ' Bu¥'#ttk)Ut th# 
 Addition of new Matter, that wis iidt igrfeea^ 
 ble to the forniefS^Afticks.' W'^lilth "fchfe- 
 Cdtmcil of Officers'^4)ly'd, thdr they \vouitf 
 not recede from any thing which- their Com- 
 miffioners had afTcnted to, which Was ae-r' 
 cordinc to their Inftru<ai6ns; butNV'Ould'not 
 hold themfelves oblig'd in Inch Points where- 
 in they either err'd or fexce^ded. 
 
 XI. The fame Meflenger was aWo Air't^-on. 6 
 cd to intercede for the Enlargement of Golo- 
 nei CoMef, being fent thither as a publtck 
 Meflenger. To which the General warmly 
 reply'd, that he could not accept Colonel 
 Cohht in the Quality of a pubHck Mefl'en- 
 ger; but that it was rather a Prcfumption in 
 him to enter into Scotland, where he had no- 
 thing to do, and knowing the Parliament had 
 vacated his Commiflion before they were di- 
 fturbed'by Lambert: And whatever could 
 be pretended, the General fo wbll knew the 
 Temper and Influence of Colonel Gobhet^ that 
 he Was firmly refolv'd tiot to tttift him with 
 his Liberty. ^1^- The 
 
 
 
 f 
 1 
 ft 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
174 Tie LIFE of 
 
 ^^'•1 XII. The next Morniti^beingS^^w^ 
 ^^ ^ Colonel Zmthy was tb icturn with tbis 
 Aniwer to Ncjt^cajllh ; but the lame Mgh t 
 xht Head-Quarters \vcsq alarms with the 
 News, that a Party of Ldntberfs Horfe and 
 Dn^oons were broke \mo N^rthumi^tland^ 
 and had fuTprlz'd ChilUngham Oaftle : ^ They 
 lyere in &> great Strcight for Money; that 
 they made thif; Incurft on, partly in Hopesrto 
 fcize the Lord Gr^s RentSf whibh tliey 
 might eafily have done, but that rhe Bird was 
 flown before they had fprcfid their Nets. This 
 Adion being fo diredtly contrary to their A- 
 greement at the Beginning of the Treaty, did 
 lb highly incenle the General, that he pre- 
 lently commdndcd Colonel Zancby to be 
 fecured, arid to give him Satisfadion fot x\\\% 
 Breach of the Articled And now Zanchyi 
 inftcad off3^ocuringCb^fr's Liberty, loft his 
 
 XIII. Wh I l s 1* this iBiifi liefs was tranladt- 
 ed with Colonel Zancby^ the Commiflloners 
 of the Treat}', ColoviiXKnigJjit^ Cofonel Clo- 
 Ifrry; and Cdlbhcff #:r^;^ retufri'd from 
 Lcndoit to Berisukk : 'Wbere they made the 
 beft Excufe th%' cSiird;^'!^f the ill Manage, 
 liitnt of th^ir EinbalTy, >nid vi^ith fortid Refle- 
 
 <aiofl 
 
 G E N E R A L M N K. 1 7 J 
 
 ait)!! upbn the Riftinefs and Imprudence of 
 each other. The General exprefs'd fome Dlf- 
 pleaftire^ftgaiinft them all. But beooife Colo- 
 jiei fFilks feem'd to have led theDance to the 
 reft, in departing ftfemth^wJiiftriKaions, and 
 ^ been too fotwoid ia revealing the Gene- 
 ral's Inclinatioos. fojc;.as»e:\^ Parli^rit^which 
 was to be kept to ^e Jaft Pinch, lie ordered 
 his Confinement; thwgh jaftervrards. he was 
 prevail'd upon tQ accept his Subinifllon and 
 Excufe with the Grant; of bis Liberty. 
 
 HiTH£RT6we have attended the Motif 
 6ns of our General from bis firft Kead-Qaar- 
 tcrs at "Dalkeith, to his fteond at Edenburgh^ 
 thence to his third at Berv^lck^ and are now 
 following him to his fourth and laft Head- 
 (Quarters at C<5?/^r^<^^A 
 
 C H A P. XIV. 
 
 * 
 
 i.The General manhes /^<?,Coldftreapi>,tf;?^ 
 fakes up his He/^dr^^iarters there ^ II. For 
 the Convent eitcy of tt^ Situation. III. Larn- 
 bertV, IV. Jndtbe reft of that Tortus ill 
 €ondu0. V. WhJO( deceive tbemfelves witfy 
 
 the 
 
 ;; ) 
 
 r i ! 
 
 • ■ I ! 
 
 ■'t 
 
 i 
 
 ir 
 
 
 li; 
 
 It 
 f 
 
 I) 
 
 'i i? 
 
I 
 
 1^6 The LIFE of 
 
 the ExfeEiation of an Agreement ufoit 
 the Treaty, VI. The Condttmi of Lam- 
 bert and bis Forces at Newcaftle. VII. 
 General Monk meets CommiJJfoners from 
 the Nobility in Scotland at Berwick, who 
 offer to raife feUen thoufand five hundred 
 Men for the Service of the General. VIII. 
 The Levies refused, IX. Colonel Zanchy 
 di/c barged, X. The General^ ufon his 
 Return to Coldftream, receives Overtures 
 from the Lord Fairfax. XI. Lambert con- 
 fijfd within his garters by the Severity 
 of the Weather, XII. The Fleet ajtd 
 Portlitiouth declare for the Parliament, 
 XIII. The Committee of Safety fend Forces 
 to befiege Portfinouth, who revolt to the 
 ^Parliament, XIV. An Exprefs from Ge- 
 neralMonk to Lambert. XV. Lambert in 
 great "Dijire/s. XVI. The General re- 
 ceives the News of the Revolt of the 
 Fleet, The Forces in Ireland declare for 
 the Parliament. 
 
 1. A BOUT two in the Morning Tie- 
 Dtc. 8 Xjl. cember 8. the General was mounted 
 at Berwick^ intending to vifit the Paffes over 
 the River' Ttc^^</, in his Way to his new 
 Quarters. But'bcfides the Badaefs of the Way, 
 ■ ' the 
 
 GENfeRAL Monk. 177 
 
 the Weather prdvii^ very tempeftuous, he 
 \vas enforc'd for a few Hours to put in at the 
 Pafs at Norhamy and abqut Noon arriv'd at 
 Coldftreanty being ;iine Miles bamBerw'tck^ 
 where there was in Readinefs only one Re- 
 giment of Foot far his jGuards and Attendance. 
 This (as nioft bord^oug Towns) was a very 
 poorand defpicable PlacQi-ftnd fo deftitute of 
 PrOvifion, that, for the ,fii;ft Night, the Gene- 
 ral was enforc'd to entertain himfelf with the 
 diewing Tobacco iwftead of a Sup{^r, till he 
 was tiic next Ddy^ betCtr- ftpply 'd with Pro- 
 Vifipns from Berw'tck.s The Houfe that was 
 aflign'd for his Head-Quauters , had not a 
 Room in it of tolerable; Reception for one of 
 his Serjeants; fo that he was to eat and fleep 
 in the fame Chamber^ To this Tratorium, 
 made of a CottagCj wer« adjoining two Barns, 
 whereof one was taken up by his Sutlers for 
 his Pantry, and the other ferv'd for his Cha- 
 pcL I 
 
 II. But this miferable Town was furnilli'd 
 with the moft commodious Pafs for the March 
 of his Army over th^ Tweedy for which Rea- 
 fon he chofe it^ and was very well contented 
 with all other Inconveniencies. It was plac'd 
 as a central Point to all th« neighbouring Vil- 
 
 N lages. 
 
 
 % ' 
 
 '" iiy 
 
 if 
 
 4 
 
 1.^ 
 
 Ill 
 
 ^■^ 
 
 ..a^v 
 
17 J rhe LIVE of 
 
 lages, where his totcis nM lay qtfatter'd a- 
 bout him, fo that in four Hours time he could 
 have drawn them all into a Body upon any 
 ftdden Occafion of Alarm. 
 
 III. It was fonie Part of the Wonder of 
 thofc Times, that M±)6t General Lambert, 
 knowing how much it concern'd him to be 
 quick in his Bufiaefs, being deftitute of Mo- 
 ney to fupport himfelf and his Forces in De^ 
 lays, had not all this while march'd into 
 Scotland, having an Atmy fo much fuperior 
 to his Enemies, and a confiderable Body of 
 Horfe fit for fuch a fudden Invafion : Nor had 
 General Monk fully perfeded his Alterations 
 among his Officers, nor compleatly fix'd his 
 own Army in Obedience to him. So that v^ 
 on Lamberfs Advance among them, moft of 
 General Monk's Horfe would probably have 
 gone off from him, and perhaps many others 
 would have Ihewn him their Heels, had they 
 once feen Lambert and his Army in their 
 Couqtry. 
 
 - IV. And indeed had the Armies in Eng- 
 land and Ireland been well refolv'd together, 
 and gone roundly to the Work; fo ihztLam- 
 "bert had diredly march'd into Sc&tlandy and 
 
 ac 
 
 General Monk. 179 
 
 at the feme time fome Part of thcIHjh Fot- 
 tes (who had as y et ' dSflented from the Ge- 
 neral's Proceedings) Md landed thferc^ which 
 might eafily have been'dbne in any Part of 
 the Weft of ScotJatidy they would flirewdly 
 have broken and dilordifcr'd all his Refolutionsj 
 nor was he of fofficieini^F&rce m oppofe them. 
 So that {though the General had omitted no 
 Part 6f a wifeand prudcrit Man) yeCiit is ma- 
 nifeft he was ftiU li^er 4i Condud Md Provi- 
 dence greaijei? than his own, which did fo far 
 infatuire the Counfels^f his Enemies^ as they 
 frequently overlooked thde Advantages upp^ 
 him, which the Difficoity of AiFair>s.Imd fome- 
 times given them. 
 
 i\J:\ 
 
 (.•t 
 
 V. But to avert '^c!ms Hazard, theii^e was 
 leafonably thrown ^ut to them (from Scot- 
 land) a Treaty to make >play with; which 
 was entertain'd With very probable Hopes of 
 concluding the Difference. Nor were they 
 Willing to believe, that the Army in Scotland 
 would be forward to engage againft their Bre- 
 thren in England 2LndIrelandy who were every 
 Way too many for them. Lambert had aHp 
 confented to a Geflation of all Hoftihty dur- 
 ing this Treaty ; and though haply he might 
 have gojpye forward with more Advantage, by 
 
 N % going 
 
 I 
 
 
 >. 
 
 *' tl 
 
 
i8o rioe LIFE of 
 
 going back from his Word ; yet he was a Per- 
 fon of more Generofity than many among 
 them, and was not willing to prevaricate his 
 Promife, whilft there was ftill any Hopes of 
 coming fairly to an Agreement. 
 
 VI. But the greateft Impediment to the 
 invading oi Scotland, was really from among 
 themfelves. There being fo many, and fo 
 different Interefts and Inclinations in Lam- 
 bert"^ Army : Some of thofe whom he took 
 up by the Way, that had lately march'd with 
 him againft Sir George Booths had been fo 
 pradisM on by him, that they were wholly 
 at his Service. But there were many among 
 them that had a great Inclination to Fleet- 
 l£:ood^ and having entertain'd a Jealoufy of 
 Lamberfs Ambition, were no Ways hafty 
 to rufh into the War, which, if it had fuc- 
 eeeded with Victory, would have given Lam- 
 bert an entire Pofleffion of the Government. 
 There were alfo feme Regiments brought out 
 of London that had formerly been Guards to 
 the Parliament, and therefore had nO Stomach 
 to engage earneftly againft thofe, who now 
 •declar'd themfelves their Refiorers. Neither 
 -was there wanting a confiderablc Number a- 
 tuong them of the Common^wealih Party, 
 
 - • who. 
 
 \ 
 
 General Monk. i8i 
 
 who, upon better Confideration, began to part 
 with their Sufpicions upon General Monk, for 
 bringing in the King, and apprehended now 
 la great deal of Reafon and Juftice in his De- 
 claration for reftoring the Parliament : Under 
 whofe Authority the Qiarrel at firft began, 
 and no other Government could juftify or 
 maintain them in it, All thefe different Inte- 
 refts among them were very well known to 
 General Monky who wanted not Efpials upon 
 them, even in their own Head-Quarters. 
 
 VII. But the General having fpeht now 
 ahnoft a Week, in fettling himfclf and his Arr 
 my in their new Quarters, was mindful of 
 the Appointment he h^d made with feve- 
 ral of the Nobility in Scotland^ and their 
 Commiffioners from the Shires and Boroughs, 
 to meet him at Berwick^ December 13. oxx^^cai 
 which Day he accordingly haften'd thither 
 from Coldjireamy being attended with fome of 
 hisbeft Colonels, and D^. Barrow the princi- 
 pal Phyfician, who about this Time was made 
 Judge Advocate of the Army. The General ' 
 had held a former Confult with the Scotch 
 Commiffioners at Edenburgh in November 
 laft, which we piurpofely omitted in its Place, 
 ;hat the Reader might not be perplex'd with 
 
 N 3 ^ too 
 
 i I 
 
 ■f Tl 
 
 1 IJ 
 
 I 
 
i8i The LIFE of 
 
 too many Parrticukrs, which came fb thick 
 
 upon us. 
 
 and have referV'd both tbefe Con- 
 
 ventions to be rented tbg^ther. fti th'^ for- 
 mer the General acqudirited them with his 
 Refolution to-inardi'ifltb £;^^/^^^ foi: teftor- 
 ing the Patliam^ftt^f aud thertfote defircd that 
 the Arrears of AfRflfeftStTfiSr his 'Arttiy might 
 be fpeedily paid v>hfch they all very ehear- 
 fully undertook fdr/^d'lt* their Return into 
 their feveral Shires k was exadrly perform'd. 
 And this was the Sum of what was then done 
 at Edenburgh. But in this Convention at 
 Berwick^ where were prefent the Marquifs 
 of At ho I ^ the Earls of Glencarn^ Rothes^ 
 Roxbordngh PTeamsi^nd feveral other of the 
 Scotch Nobility, divers things were proposed 
 by them to the General: That for the pre- 
 fent they might be allow'd to have a (landing 
 Council in each Shire, with Power to raile 
 fome fmall Proportion of Horfe, for the fe- 
 curing the common Safety, and that they 
 might be furnilh'd with Arms out of the Gene- 
 ral's Stores at the triiial Rate^; with Liberty 
 alfo to wear their Swords, which had been 
 hitherto deny'd therft;^ tod that in Cafe the 
 Treaty did not take Dfl^d:, they might pro- 
 ceed to make greater Levies for the Afliftancc 
 of the Englijb Army, and their own Defence. 
 
 And 
 
 General Monk. 183 
 
 And in particular they proposed to raife pre- 
 fently for the General's Service fix thou- 
 fand Foot and one thoufand five hundred 
 Horfe. The General prefently advis'd in pri- 
 vate with fome of his Officers upon thefe Pro- 
 pofals, where there was fome Variety in their 
 Opinions; but m Coaclufion it was refolv'd: 
 That though there was neol enough for the 
 General to encreafe Jbis Forces, yet for the 
 prefent by no means to grant any Commiflion 
 to the Scotch l>^^x\on for raifing of Arms; 
 which would fo alarm the EngUJh Army, as 
 they would prefently run into a Diftruft of 
 their Officers, or w6uld take Occafion to 
 think themfeives fufpeded* And how unwil- 
 lingly their own Soldiers would comply with a 
 Mixture of that Nation, they had lately made 
 an Experiment, in thofe Difcontents that, a- 
 rofe upon allowing fome of the Scotch Offi- 
 cers to fill up their Companies with Scots. 
 
 VIII. Upon a further Conference therefore 
 with the Lords, the General confented to fome 
 Part of their Propofals \ but for raifing Regi- 
 ments he defir'd their fujrther Patience, till he 
 faw what Conclufion^ the. Treaty (which they 
 -were now ^ain to refume) would produce. 
 And fome of them were very weU aflut'd, 
 
 N 4 that 
 
 %■ 
 
 1 . 
 
 '' '; 
 
 
 \%\ 
 
 ^•1 
 
 M 
 
 \ <i 
 
i84 The LIFE of 
 
 that if the War did go on, the General would 
 not then be fcrupulous in admitting the Scots 
 to a Conjundion with him. And both their 
 Lordfliips and the other Commiflioners had 
 cntertain'd fiich Opinion of his Generofity 
 and Juftnefs, that, though they were not gra- 
 tify 'd at prefent m all their Defires, yet they 
 took Leave of him with a very perfedl Satit 
 fadion and Confidence. Some of thcfe Lords 
 alfb, and divers of the GeneraKs own Offi- 
 cers, had fb far look'd into his Proceedings, 
 that, though they had the Difcretion to con- 
 ceal their own Apprehenfions, yet were very 
 well afTur'd, that all this Buftle was not made 
 only to reftore a few hated and inconfrderable 
 People into a Condition of doing more Mif- 
 chief; but there was Ibme greater Defign in 
 Hand than the Reftitution of the Jundo Par- 
 liament. 
 
 ■ . ..... .. . ' ........ i 
 
 IX. The General had received Intelligence 
 before he came from Coldjiremn^ that Lam- 
 hert (to pacify his Difpleaiure, and to reflore 
 the Treaty) bad recalled his Forces out of 
 Northumberland % and therefore General 
 Monk^ before he left Berwick^ fent for Co- 
 lonel ^^»^^, who was a Prifbner; and hav- 
 ing difcharg'd bim from bis Confinement, fent 
 
 him 
 
 G.EKERAL Monk. iSj 
 
 him back to Newcaftle with ihis Meflage to 
 Major General Lambert, that he would fpee- 
 dily fend him his ftHftheinRefolutioa in order 
 to theTre&ty. » ^^\\jo ^'^ ^ - 
 
 X..ALLMatBer$jbcAflgthus concluded at 
 je^r-ze^/^y^v^be^fien^iS^lltemr^'d. again to his 
 
 Head-Qpat^iers ac .Gl^/2rtf*^^ with 
 
 much Difficulty and Hw^ of the Enemy's 
 Army, there came carhim a MefTenger from 
 the Lord Fairfax vov£^ Mr. Fairfax his Kinl^ 
 man, who inform'dihim^ that^ by the Inter- 
 view between GommifTary .C/^r^i'J' and his 
 Agent Mx. Bowks, h.^'^^s fo well fatisfy'd 
 w^ith the Jufboefs and Reafoaof his Intenti' 
 ons, that he was very willing to join with 
 him therein. And to that End was employ- 
 ing his Interefl among the Gentry and Sol- 
 dxtxy olTorkJhire, and the adjacent Counties, 
 for the forming of a Party to rife with him, 
 which would be in Readinefs about the B^ia- 
 ning of Januarys to M\ wipon Lamberfs 
 Rear ; by which Aai<^r>. his Lordlliip was like- 
 ly to recover that vltOAOur in purfuing the 
 Army, which, wh^a .he wscs formerly their 
 General, he A^d loft fey fielding it. He alfo 
 received from Comn^ifl&ry Clarges, and his 
 
 Otb?r InteUigeiu:ef :^|>Z^«^»> lach an Ac- 
 count 
 
 !•. 
 
i8(^ The LIFE of 
 
 count of the FacStions and Diforders beginning 
 in the City, that he was refolv'd to make no 
 Hafte in proceeding further to the Treaty, 
 which hitherto with much Artifice had been 
 delay'd. 
 
 XL Nor was there any Fear oi Lambert's 
 further Advance or Aflault upon the Scotch 
 Army, the Weather having already prevented 
 his March, through abundance of Snow, and 
 a moft fevere Froft, which Jaded for many 
 Weeks, fo that in an uneven and hilly Coun- 
 try cover'd with Ice, Lamberfs Horfe 
 (wherein was his Strength) could neither 
 march, nor fight; and there being now more 
 than forty Miles of Snow and Precipice be- 
 tween them ; General Monk's Quarters were 
 as fecure from Lamberfs Army, as if the At- 
 lantick Sea had divided them. He was alio 
 c fo well inform'd concerning their Condition, 
 that he very well knew their Money melted 
 faftcr than the Snow, and would therefore 
 compel them to break before the Weather. 
 
 XII. But whilft General Monk held Lam-^ 
 bert and his Army to hard Meat in the North, 
 the reftlefs Members of the late Jundto were 
 as bufy in making Parties and Dlfturbances a- 
 
 gainft 
 
 General Monk. 187 
 
 q^xvXi Fleetwood^ and his Officers, and their 
 Committee of Safety in London. Some c^ 
 them had fo far tampered with the Soldifry, 
 that a great Party among them, finding they 
 had miftaken themfelves^ in fupporting an In- 
 tereft that was not jUblc to pay them, w-erc 
 willing to iubmit to their old Mafters the Par- 
 iiament. Others of the Jundo had got down 
 to Vice- Admiral Lawfon , and the Navy ; 
 where they told their oWn Tale fo effedual^ 
 ly, that the Fleet was contented now to dc- 
 clare with General Monk^ for reftoring the 
 Parliament. And about the lame Time Colo- 
 eel Whetham^ who commanded the Garrifoa 
 at Tortfinouthy difcover'd his Inclination to 
 join with General Monk^ and his Army, in 
 Defence of the Parliament. This Gentleman 
 had formerly been of the Council of State in 
 Scotland^ where he began that Eftimation and 
 Friendftup with the General, which led him 
 now willingly to join his Intereft with him. 
 
 XIII. Upon this Information, there were 
 diipatch'd down to him Hazier ig.Morlej, and 
 fVakon^ who werc not only Members of the 
 late Jundo, but were alfo three of the five 
 Commiffioners appointed by them for govern- 
 ing the Army. Thcfc three Pcrfons had fo 
 
 bcftirr'd 
 
 V- 
 
 ■( 'A 
 
 ¥ 
 
 \ A 
 
 *(i 
 
\i 
 
 188 ne LIFE of 
 
 beftirr'd themfelves at Tortfmouth^ that feve^ 
 ral Forces thereabouts came in to them But 
 to reduce this Defedion there, General /%^^- 
 wood and the Committee of Safety command- 
 ed away a Party to befiege the Town, who, 
 refle'ding upon the declining Eftatc of thofe 
 who fent them, and that the Play would no 
 longer pay for the Candle, threw up their 
 Cards, and, as foon as they came there, in- 
 ftead of reducing thefe Revolters, increas'd 
 their Number by joining with them : So that 
 now, by the Union of thefe Parties together, 
 ( bcfides General ik/i7»i^'s Army in the North) 
 there was a confiderable Force in the South, 
 refolving to reftore the Parliament. 
 
 "^ XIV. O F all thefe Circumftances General 
 Monk had a Ipeedy Account from his lure In- 
 telligencer Commiflary Clarges^ who prefent- 
 ly made ufe of them as a decent Contrivance 
 for diflblving the Treaty. Thereupon he difi 
 patch'd away Major Ba?mijier to Newcaftle^ 
 with an Exprefs to Major General Lambert, 
 acquainting him, that himfelf and his Officers 
 were preparing to enter ^ain into the Trea-r 
 ty, but in the mean Time he had receiv'd 
 Advice, that three of thofe five Commiflion- 
 crs appointed with himfelf by Authority of 
 
 Parliament, 
 
 General MoKfc. 189 
 
 Parliament, for the governing of the Army, 
 were now at Tortfmouth in the adualDii- 
 charge of their Truft, without whofe Confent 
 and Diredion (according to the Intent of his 
 CommifTion) he could not proceed alone m fo 
 weighty an Affair; but did therefore defire of 
 him a fafe Condudt for this Meflenger, hi^ 
 Officer, to pafs quickly for Tortjmouth aud 
 to bring back from thofe other ; Gommiffion- 
 ers fuch further Inflrudions, for the Manage- 
 ment of the Treaty, as he and his Officers 
 might accordingly be enabled to proceed 
 upon. - ^ 
 
 XV. At the reading of this Letter tam- _ 
 bert exprefs'd fome^fort of Difpleafure, telling 
 Major Bannipr, that the General and his 
 Officers had not us'd him well. The Bufi- 
 nefs at Tortjmouth was no News, having 
 been known at Newcdftle before it could 
 come to Coldftream. But by that he eafily 
 forefaw the Treaty was at an End, and his 
 own Forces. And now, like Hannibal^, when 
 it was too late, grew angry with himfelf, that 
 he had not led his Army, hot and bloody, 
 from the Battle of Canna to the Peking of 
 Rome; no lefs did Lambert accufe his own 
 Delay, that he had not, inftead of ftaying at 
 
 Newcaftley 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 f ■ 
 I 
 
 •'».* 
 
f^O The LIFE of 
 
 Newcaftle, marched his Army into Scotland^ 
 where he might have been able to command 
 that SubmifTion irom his Enemies, which now 
 he flMift be «nforc'd to make to them. 
 
 \Kn7 '^^^'^ 
 
 XVI. But fince the Meflenger's Journey 
 to ^oHfimuihxj^M. not be of any Ufe to the 
 Treaty V he vrSts refolvM it ihould lerve for no 
 othci- Defigtt; and^ therefore refufing to grant 
 hwi any Pais, commanded his Return again 
 to Cildftnam^ whither he brought the Gene* 
 tal better News than that he had carryy to 
 Newcajile: For, during his Stay there, the 
 Intelh'gence arriv'd, that Vice- Admiral Law- 
 Jm and the Fleet had adually declar'd in 
 the fame Caufe with him ; having threaten'd 
 to block up the Thames^ and befiege their 
 Tradej if the Parliament was aot inftantly re- 
 ftor'd. lu thefe his uneafy and word Qiarters 
 the General cntertain'd allhisbeft News; for 
 about this Time Captain Campbel arriv'd at 
 Coldjire/Wi with the Letters irom Ireland \ 
 acquainting him^ diat the - Army there had 
 not only declar'd with him for reftoring the 
 Pajrhamenr, buc WQuki be ready alfo to fend 
 over Inch Fof Ce^ to htii, as he ihould have 
 
 need of. 
 
 *> 
 
 'V\ 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 General Monk. 191 
 C H A P. XV. 
 
 I A frivate Conference between the Gene- 
 ral and his Chaflaln "Dr. Price, wherein 
 he declares his Refolution of reftoring the 
 Kingj with the Reafons of his former 
 Caution and Refervednefs. II. A fine Re^ 
 fieStion of the Author's ufon this "Declara- 
 tion of the General. III. The diforder'd 
 and diftraSted State of London at this 
 Time. IV. Fleetwood fuhmits to the Par- 
 liament which meets at Weftminfter. V. 
 The General receives Advice^ that Lord 
 Fairfax was in Arms in Yprkfliire, and 
 that Lambert was upon his Retreat from 
 Newcaftle into that County. VL The Ge- 
 neral faffes the Tweed to the Support of 
 Lord Fairfax : VII. Sending bis JVife and 
 Son by Sea to London. VIII. He receives 
 a Letter from the Speaker^ which is read 
 to the Army : IX. Is complimented at 
 Morpeth by the Sheriff^ and Gentlemen of 
 Northumberland; by a Meffage fromUt^- 
 caftle ; and a Letter from London. X, 
 Arrives at Newcaftle, from which Lam- 
 bert was retired. XI. Lambert'j- Army re- 
 volt from him. XII. The divided Statt 
 of it makes the General fiacken his Tace: 
 
 » He 
 
 % 
 
 I 
 
 \^ 
 
 n ti 
 
 'S\ 
 
ipi The LIFE of 
 
 He writes to the Lord Mayor and Com- 
 mon CounciL Xni. To the Speaker, the 
 ' Council 6f St ate J and Lord Fairfax. 
 
 ITCHES E ftrange and fortunate Acci- 
 ' J^ dents at Coldjireamy were varioufly 
 confider'd by fuch Perfons as attended the 
 General there, or were moft intent upon his 
 Service and Intereft. Among the reft his 
 Chaplain, D^ Trice, having no Opportunity 
 in the Day-time of private Accels to him, 
 took Occafion, by the Help of a Corporal, 
 vrho that Night commanded the Guards, to 
 enter his Chamber about two in the Morning, 
 where he found the Door only latched, and 
 the General, being weary of his narrow un- 
 eafy Lodging in his Bed, was fleeping in his 
 Clothes, having laid himfelf down on a Form, 
 and refted his. Head on the Side of the Bed, 
 with a Fire and Light in the Room. At his 
 Approach, the General (who was never a 
 found Sleeper) prefently awak'd, and enter'd 
 into much fccret Difcourfe with him ; freely 
 reprefenting to him, how much bis Obliga' 
 tion and Safety were equally concerned . in 
 complying with the Defires of the better Part 
 of the Nation, by endeavouring their Settle- 
 ment according to the ancient and known 
 
 Laws- 
 
 General Monk. 193 
 
 Laws. To which the General reply'd that 
 he very well knew what he would have, nor 
 Jhould he be wanting therein, fo foon as he 
 could find himfelf in a Capacity of e feeing 
 it', of which he had now fomewhat more 
 Hopes than formerly. And then kindly tak- 
 ing him by the Hand, very folemnlx^and de- 
 voWy told him:' ^ God's Grace rksjill do 
 it. His Chaplain then took th^ Boldnefs to 
 let him know how much he had difoblig'd a 
 great Part of the Nat?k)n, and contracted his 
 own Intereft into a narrower Compafs, by de- 
 claring fo ftridly for the Parliament as it fat 
 OBober' 11, To this the General anfwer'd 
 with fome Earneftnefs : Ton feejjAat Teople 
 they are who are now abouWJKK, by whofe 
 Advice and T>ifcretion fiym^^ things are 
 tr an failed and written : l^re are Jeatou- 
 fies enough upon me already, and the Uaji 
 pearance of any ^ifl'tke would Wi^ke tnem 
 greater. But though (as he told ^ him) he 
 had been paffive in allowing fbme Proceed- 
 ings, yet he was refblved not tO aB by them. 
 This put an End ta^he Difcourfe, and his 
 Chaplain, craving I^rdon for this Interrup- 
 tion upon him, left hira to t;he remaining Part 
 ©fhisRepofe. "* 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 V\ ."'I 
 
 ; 1 
 
 J ! 
 
 o 
 
 11. This 
 
11 This, and the like Paflages, though 
 they are no eflential Part of the Story, yet 
 becaufe. the Mmds of Men are beft difcover'd 
 by Inch liidden and. private Attempts upon 
 them, they are very neceflary to be inferted. 
 And the impartial Reader may better difcern 
 the Envy and Prejudice of their Opinions, 
 who have thought that General Monk did 
 govern his Refolutions by the Events that fell 
 in his Way, without endeavouring to bend 
 and incline thbfe Events to a Compliance with 
 his own Refolution. 
 
 III. But leaving the General a little while 
 to his Reft at Coldjiream, we will lead our 
 Reader back again to London^ where nothing 
 was to be feen but Tmnult andDiforder : The 
 Citizens fuUen and querulous, their Appren- 
 tices unruly and defperate, the F6rces divid- 
 ed and irrefolute, and fome of them already 
 drawn ofFby their Officers that were devoted 
 to the Parliament; the Committee of Safety 
 no lefs diftraded in their Counfels, and the 
 Forces at Vort [month upon their March to- 
 wards London^ to reftore the Parliament. In 
 fo many fatal Circumftances Lieutenant Ge- 
 neral Fleetwood^ who was certainly the moft 
 innocent Perfon among them, but altogether 
 
 unfit: 
 
 ! 
 
 General Monk. ipy 
 
 unfit to maintain the Place he held, or to 
 fupport himfelf againft luch violent Tides as 
 then ran againft him, was able to hold the 
 Reins of Government no longer, but dropt 
 them from his trembling Hand. 
 
 IV. And fending his Submiflion to the 
 Speaker, defired him to convene liich Mem- 
 bers as were about the Town, and to 
 refume again the Government into their 
 Hands, which had been {o ill managed by his 
 own, and the Committee of Safety. The 
 Members very well knew how far Fleetwood 
 had been paffive in thefe Contrivances, and 
 by what Engines he had been wrought upon ; 
 fo that they eafily accepted his Excufe, being 
 refoiv'd' to difcharge the Torrent of their In- 
 dignation upon Lambert^ and his more fecret 
 AccompUces. There wanted not much court- 
 ing or Addrels to perluade the Senators to 
 find the Way into their old Seats again at 
 Weftminfter^ who accordingly met there De- 
 cember 25-. where we will leave them con-Oftr.is 
 triving the laft of their Mifchief, whilft we 
 return again to Coldjiream. 
 
 .1 h- 
 
 
 V. Where about this Time the General 
 received a Meflage from Tork^ informing him 
 
 ifl 
 
 o % 
 
 9 
 
 that 
 
 I 
 
 H: 
 
 '■)! 
 
1^6 The LIFE of 
 
 that the Lord Fairfax, finding his Prepara- 
 tions were difcover'd, and to prevent a Sur- 
 prizal from Lamberfs Army, was already a- 
 dually in Arms fooner than the Time he had 
 appointed, and that Lilburn\ Regiment, de- 
 fcrting their Colonel, was brought ofFby Ma- 
 jor Smith fon, to join with him. The fame 
 MefTengcr brought him the firft News, that 
 the Jundo was reftorcd, and that FLeet^^ood 
 with his Army had iubmitted to them; and 
 that Lambert alfo was retreating from Ne^JO- 
 f^y//f, with Intention to march back into 7i/r^- 
 
 jhire, 
 
 VI. The General had a very tender Con- 
 cern for the Lord Fairfax, and his Party, 
 who had fo generoufly declar'd for him ; and 
 knowing how unable they were alone to deal 
 with Lambert's Army, he was refolv'd to 
 march to their Relief, and to fall upon the 
 Rear before he fliould be able to engage them. 
 To that End, having drawn his Forces toge- 
 ther, he commanded their March over the 
 Tweed. ^ 
 
 . VIL When the General took up his 
 Quarters at Coldjiream, he ordered his 
 Lady, and his Son, the prefent Duke of 
 
 ' Albemarle y 
 
 General Monk. 197 
 
 Albemarle, to continue at Berwick, there 
 being no convenient Reception for them in 
 thole uneafy Quarters. But before he march- 
 ed hence, he took Care they fliould pafs from 
 thence by Sea to London, and Wait him there. 
 Accordingly there was a Veflel in Readinefs 
 to attend them. 
 
 VIII. His Army confided only of four Re- 7^''. 
 giments of Horfe, which were not compleat,^^^ 
 and fix entire Regiments of Foot. Their 
 March was in two diftind Brigades, one where- 
 of was led by himfelf, and the other by Major 
 General Morgan. And on New-Tear" sV>2.y 
 be order'd the Advance of the Foot over the 
 River, and the next Day following them with 
 bis Regiment of Horfe, took up his firft 
 Night's Quarters at Wellar in Northumber- . 
 land: Where, late in the Night, he received 
 a fliort Letter from the Speaker, dated De- 
 cember 27. informing him of their Return a- 
 gain to the Government, with fome Acknow- 
 ledgment of his Prudence and Fidelity in their 
 Service, but not one Word of Order for his 
 March toward them. Which, tho' he pru- 
 dently conceal'd, yet it did inwardly difpleafe 
 him. But his greateft Surprifal was from their 
 fo fuddea Return into Power;, when having 
 
 P 3 now 
 
 9 
 
 I 
 
 II 
 
5«i». 
 
 ^an, 
 
 198 7%e L I F E of 
 
 now fb confiderable an Army which had fub- 
 mitted to them, it would lead them into a 
 lefs Dependence upon himfelf, and before he 
 could march to them, they would have fo 
 ihifted Commiflions in Fleetwood's Army, 
 and fix'd them in fo perfed Obedience to the 
 Parliament, as he fliould not be able to play 
 them that Game which he had intended when 
 he got well into London, But that the Jun- 
 <ao might be told how welcome their Letters 
 were to him, he commanded they fhould be 
 read next Morning at the Head of the Regi- 
 ments, being drawn up in the Snow ; and, 
 to keep themfelves warm, they made loud 
 Acclamations for the Reftoration of their 
 Matters, refolving that they would march on- 
 wards, and have the Satisfaction to fee them 
 in their Seats. 
 
 3 IX. The fame Day the General kept on 
 his Way towards Morfeth^ but becaufe it 
 was too long a March for his Army in fb deep 
 a Snow, he ftayM at a Village in the Mid- way 
 for a Night, and took up his Quarters (which 
 were worfe than thofe in Coldjiream) at the 
 Vicar's Houfe of the Parilh; and the next 
 
 4 Day arrived at Morfeth ; where he was met 
 by the High-Sheriff and Gentry of Nor- 
 thumberland^ 
 
 General Monk. 199 
 
 thumberland, who gave him the publick 
 Welcome into their County. Here were al- 
 fo attending two Sword-bearers, one from 
 Newcajile with Compliments from theMagi- 
 ftrates of the Place, inviting him thither; and 
 the other from London^ who prefented him 
 with Letters from the Lord Mayor and Com- 
 mon Council of the City ; expreffmg their De- 
 fires for a full Parliament, with the juft Realon 
 of their Demand, fmce, in the prefent Affem- 
 bly, there was not one Member fitting to re- 
 prefent the capital City. 
 
 X. From hence he came to Newcaftle^^an,^\ 
 where Major General Lambert had fo long kept 
 his Head-Quarters ; but he quitted them about 
 the fame time that General Monk began his 
 March from Coldjiream : For the fame MeC- 
 fenger that brought to General Monk at ^^A 
 far the Letter from the Jundo, with the 
 Account of their Reftoration, left alfo their 
 Orders at Newcaftle^ commanding the Army 
 prefently to quit their Station there^ and re- 
 turn diredly to thofe refpedive Quarters 
 which were affign'd them by the Parliament 
 before their foterruption. 
 
 XI. Lambert's Army was in af^ir Way 
 
 
 I .!: 
 
 t' 
 
200 The LI F E of 
 
 of diflblving themfelves before thofe Orders 
 arriv'd. But fo foon as the Soldiers heard, that 
 Fleetwood'^ Forces in London had deferted 
 their General, and fubmicted to the Jundo, 
 they were refolv'd not to be exceeded by their 
 Brethren in the Ways of Treachery and Falf- 
 hood ; and therefore prefently alfo fubmitted 
 themfelves to the Orders of the Jundo, with- 
 out expoftulating one Word in behalf oi Lam- 
 bert their Leader, or once drawing a Sword 
 for him; but Ihifting away to their feveral 
 Quarters, they left him naked and deftitute 
 to the Cruelty of his Fortune. And fome of 
 them thought they had acquitted themfelves 
 civilly towards him, in leaving him Liberty 
 to Ihift for himfelf ; and had not ferv'd him as 
 the Argyrafpides did their General Eumenes^ 
 and made their Peace with the Jundo, by 
 delivering him a Captive to their Revenge. 
 
 XII. He was in the Head of an Army 
 good enough to have fought them both; fo 
 that it was greatly admir'd he did not (lay and 
 charge General Monk in his March forward, 
 or turn back upon the Lord Fairfax and 
 his Forces, whom he might more eafily have 
 dealt with, before the Northern Army could 
 have advanced to their Relief. But, befides 
 
 the 
 
 General Monk. 201 
 
 the different Interefts and Diftradions in the 
 Army, there was a particular Dread among 
 them of thefe two Generals, whom they 
 knew to be the greateft and moll fortunate 
 Commanders in both the Nations ; fo that the 
 forwarded of them all had no great Stomach 
 to come to an Engagement againft them. But 
 fnice (by the Diflblucion of Lumber fs Army) 
 the Lord Fairfax and his Party were out of 
 Danger, General Mo7tk did fomewhat abate 
 his Pace, and ftaid three Days at Newcaftle^ 
 to perfedt fuch Inftrudions and Letters as he 
 intended to fend to London : From whence 
 he difpatch'd back Mr Man the Sword-bearer 
 of London, with Letters to the Lord Mayor^ 
 and Common Council , expreffing more of 
 Refped towards them, than Aflent to their 
 Defires. 
 
 XIIL At the fame time he alfo fent away 
 D^ Gumble with Letters to London \ one ro 
 the Speaker of the Parliament, by him to be 
 communicated to the Houfe. And becaufe • 
 the Letter from the Lord Mayor and Com- 
 mon Council could not be concealed from 
 them, he inclos'd a Copy of their Letter, with ' 
 another of his Anfwer to them, that they 
 might difcern he had no Correfpondence, but 
 
 fiich 
 
 3 
 
 
 II 
 
 \i 
 
201 Tloe LIFE of 
 
 fiich as he was willing they fhould be privy 
 to. There was alfo another Letter to the 
 Council of State, and a third to the other 
 Commifli oners appointed with him for the 
 governing of the Army, and in his Way 
 through Tork he was to leave another for the 
 Lord Fairfax. D^ Gumhle was chofen as 
 the fitteft Meflenger to convey thefe Letters 
 to London^ being fb particularly known and 
 intruded by Scot.^ and others of the ruling 
 Faction in the Houfe, and therefore could 
 more advantagioufly reprefent the Service afid 
 Intentions of the General, than any other a- 
 bout him: The Defign of this MefTage being 
 chiefly to remove from them thofe Jealoufies 
 they had entertain'd of his more fecret Inten- 
 tions; and to inlpedt their feveral Defigns, 
 and who among them had the greateft Power 
 and Intereft. 
 
 CHAP. XVL 
 
 I. The GeneraVs Arrival at York, from 
 whence he writes to Sir Charles Coot in 
 Ireland, to bring him into Meajnres for a 
 
 free 
 
 General Monk. 20 j 
 
 free Parliament. II. A private Confe- 
 rence between him^ and Lord Fairfax, and 
 Mr, Bowks, his Lordjhifs Chaplain, III. 
 The General receives Orders from the 
 JunBo fbr his March to London. IV. He 
 fends General Morgan, with two Regi- 
 ments^ back into Scotland. V. And leaves 
 another at York under the Command of 
 the Lord Fairfax. VI. jDr. Gumble re- 
 turns from London, and gives the General 
 an Account of the State of Affairs there ^ 
 and the T>ifpofition of the Teople, VII. 
 The General advances to Nottingham, be- 
 ing met there by Commiffary Clarges. VIII. 
 TrojeBs Means for removing Fleetwood'^ 
 Army out of the City, IX. He is met by 
 Scot and Robinfon from the Parliament. 
 X. His Behaviour towitrds them. XI. His 
 Reception at Leicefter. XII. ^^ Harborough 
 he is attended by three Commiffioners from 
 London. XIII. At Northampton receives 
 more Addreffes for a free Tarliament, 
 XIV. Which he was obliged to difcounte- 
 nance, XV. More Addreffes to him at St. 
 Albans. XVI. Fleetwood is order" d^ with 
 the Forces under his Command^ to march 
 out of London. XVII. The General halts 
 for fome of his Forces to come up. XVIIL 
 
 On 
 
 
 i 
 
204 ^^ LIFE of 
 
 On the fecond ^/February marches to Bar- 
 net. XIX. Gives Orders for the more 
 regular March of his Army. XX. Fleet- 
 wood' j* Forces removed out of London ; 
 XXI. IVhichj together with fome Appren- 
 tices-i begin a Mutiny^ but are foon quiet- 
 ed, XXlh The General marches into Lon- 
 don, 
 
 j^^.s.I.TT'ROM Newcaftle the General advanc'd 
 J^ to "Durham. Here he receiv'd Infor- 
 mation, that the Lord Fairfax and his Forces 
 had fummon'd the City ofTork, and were re- 
 ceiv'd into it; but that his Lordfliip, behig 
 fiirpriz'd with the Gout, was retir'd to his 
 Houfe at Nun-Affleton, From thence he 
 fecretly difpatch'd Sir George T>ouglafs (who 
 had long been converfant with him at Dal- 
 keith ) into Ireland J with Letters of Credit 
 to Sir Charles Coot^ and others, with whom 
 he was to enter into a dangerous Treaty, for 
 the difpofmg of ieveral Parties in Ireland to 
 fome Union and Agreement, and then to de- 
 clare for a free Parliament, as the only pof- 
 fible Means that could nft>v rqftore any lafting 
 Settlement to the Common- wealth. 
 
 Fr o M hence the General enter'd into Tork- 
 Jhire in his Way to North-Allertonj where 
 
 the 
 
 General Monk. loj 
 
 the High-SherifFof the County attended hlin ; 
 and the next Day to Toplif. 
 
 II. From thence about January n. he at- 7-. u, 
 rived at Tork, where he took up his Quarters 
 for five Days ; and, by his own Authority, 
 modeled and difpos'd of fuch Forces as he 
 found in the Country, that had belonged to 
 Lambert ; whofe Regiment of Horfe he gave 
 to Colonel Bethel, as a Reward of his Ser^ 
 vice in joining with the Lord Fairfax-, and 
 the Regiment which had been Lilburn'Syh^ 
 difpos'd to Major Smithfon, and made him 
 Colonel of it, he having brought it ofF to the 
 Lord Fairfax, and his Party. During his Stay 
 here he receiv'd a Vifit from the Lord F^ir- 
 fax, with whom he had much TecretDifcourfe, 
 and din'd together privately in the General's 
 Chamber, whilft the Officers and Attendants 
 were entettain'd publickly. The fame NigHt 
 Mr. Bowles, who was Chaplain and Agent 
 to the Lord Fairfax, was direded by his 
 Lordfhip to confer with the General, and w^as 
 privately with him till after Midnight, re- 
 prefenting to him the Inclination of the Coun- 
 try, and the Force that would be in Readi- 
 nefs to join with him, if he would flay with 
 them there, and at Tork declare for the King. 
 
 Bat 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 
io6 The LIFE of 
 
 But the General, who very well knew that 
 fuch an Attempt would prefently turn all the 
 different Parties to an Union againft him, and 
 that his own Army was not yet enough re- 
 fin'd in their Principles and Temper to engage 
 with him in fuch an Adventure, would by no 
 means admit of the Propoial. The next Day 
 he paid a Vifit to the Lord Fairfax at his 
 Houfe 2Z NuH'AppletOJh where himfelf with 
 feveral of his Officers and Rethiue were very 
 magnificently entertain'd at Dinner, and at 
 Night return'd again to his Quarters at Tork. 
 
 III. Hitherto the General had march'd 
 .aboiut an hundred Miles in length from Cold- 
 Jiream to Torkj by his own fole Authority 
 and Difcretion ; but here he receiv'd Orders 
 from the Junclo, tq keep on his Way to Lon- 
 Jon. They had taken no Satisfaction at the 
 iord Fairfax Kis Appearance iviTorkfhire^ 
 though he had prefac'd his Adions with Au- 
 thority of Parliament, being very well affur'd 
 that he had other Defigns in it beyond their 
 Safety. Nor could they be pleased with Ge- 
 neral Monk's Stay in that County, where he 
 might probably receive other Hnpreffions than 
 thofe he had brought out of Scotland. And 
 the Union of two fuch Perfons againft them, 
 
 (cfteem'd 
 
 General Monk. 207 
 
 (efteem'd the beft Generals in the Nation) 
 might have given them another kind of Di- 
 fturbance, than what they had receiv'd from 
 Fleetwood or Lambert. They had- lufter'd 
 him to advance fo far, that now they could 
 not decently command him back into Scot- 
 land, without fome DifoWigation upon the 
 General, and Jealoufy in his Army. Nor^ 
 were they fecure in the early Submiflion of 
 the Regiments in London ; and therefore choie 
 rather \o authorize General Monk's Advance 
 thither, than to leave him longer in Tork- 
 Jhire. 
 
 IV. The General kept fuch Intelligence 
 over them by his Agents, that he very well 
 knew where the Shoe pinch'd. He had al- 
 ready caned one of his Officers here, who 
 had adventur'd to fay: General Monk will 
 at laji' let in the King upon usy ^nd, to re- 
 .move all Umbrage and Apprehenfion from a- 
 mcng^them, he rcfolv'ti here tolefTOT his Ar- 
 my, and from Tbr* fent back Major General 
 Morgan to take the Care oi Scotland-, accom- 
 rpany'd with two Regiments of Horfe and 
 Foot. He had ^s'd the bed Means in his 
 Power to fecure that Nation before ^he left it, 
 
 yet was not very well afiur'd in the bufy Hu- 
 mour 
 
2o8 The LIFE of 
 
 moiir of the Scots, But the fecret Reafbn of 
 fending Morgan back into Scotland^ was 
 chiefly to keep together a confiderable Re- 
 lerve, in Cafe the General Ihould have need 
 of them, or to which he might have retreated 
 himfelf, if he Ihould happen to take a Battel 
 in England, 
 
 V. Here alfo he left another Regiment 
 under the Command of Colonel Fairfax \ 
 who, being a Native of this County, and 
 very well ally'd and efteem'd among them, 
 was the mo ft proper Perfon to be entrufted 
 with the Care of the City, and the Safety of 
 the County. And now having reduc'd his 
 Army to four thoufand Foot, and one thou- 
 fand eight hundred Horfe, he went out of 
 Tork about January i6. and raarch'd through 
 the reft of the County till he came to Manf 
 
 jsm, 1%. field in Nottinghamjhirey January i8. 
 
 VI. At this Stag:c hisMeflenger, D^ Gum- 
 ble^ whom he had difpatch'd away from iVif-ze;- 
 Cajile to London^ came back to him after 
 three Days Stay in the City, and gave him a 
 particular Account of his Meflage : That he 
 delivered all his Letters according to his In- 
 ftrudlions ; that he had been very ftridly ex- 
 amined 
 
 General Monk. 109 
 
 amin^ /concerning him by the Members of 
 Parliament, but moft particularly by the 
 Council of State. He informed him, that fe- 
 veral among them had an entire Confidence 
 in him ; but that among many others he was 
 fufpeded to have fome conceal'd Defign iti 
 Referve for bringing in the King; which was 
 confirmed by the confident Expedation, 
 which the difaflx^ded Part of the City had of 
 his Approach. He then acquainted him with 
 the Divifion in the Council , between thofe 
 who had taken the Oath of Abjuration, and 
 were his profefs'd Enemies, and others that 
 had tefiifed it ; and had fome Confidence that 
 General Monk^ being nominated a Member 
 of that Council, (whereof there were thirty 
 one) there would be ftrong Applications made 
 to engage him in their feveral Parties. He 
 informed him alfo, that Scot and Robinfon^ 
 two Members of the Parliament, and of the 
 Council of State, were upon the Road to 
 meet him : That they were fent as Efpials 
 upon his Adions, and the Temper of his Ar- 
 my ; and that, having themfelves taken the 
 Oath of Abjuration, they would prefently 
 be very carneft to engage him therein. 
 
 VII. From Mansfield the next Day the 7... „. 
 
 P General 
 
no The LIFE of 
 
 General advanc'd to Nottingham^ where he 
 was feafonably met the Day following by 
 Commiflary Clarges, who had privately ha- 
 ften'd down to him, with a further Account 
 of the Affairs in London and Wefiminp7\ and 
 w^hat Hopes or Jealoufies were entertained 
 concerning him among the different Intcrefts 
 and Parties. He infornVd him, that the 
 Forces then in the City were much greater 
 than his own, and commanded by fuch Offi- 
 cers as were declared Enemies to him, except 
 Morlcy and Fagg. 
 
 VIII. Hit HER TO the General had brought 
 all his Bufuiefs into fo good a Poflure, that 
 now his next and grcateft Concernment was 
 to Ihift Fleet\z:ood's Army handfomcly cut 
 of the City, and (without Impediment or 
 Jealoufy) to bring his own in. To this End, 
 before the Arrival of Scot and Robinfon^ he 
 enter'd into a Confultation with fuch Perfons 
 about him as he could bed truft: Where it 
 was refolv'd, that, a Letter fliould be drawn 
 lip to the Parliament, giving them an Account 
 of his March, and the Number of his Forces 
 with him ; and becaufe thofc Regiments now 
 in the City, had fo lately been in Rebellion 
 againfl the Piuliament, and were not yet en- 
 tirely 
 
 General Moki^. 
 
 ±xt 
 
 tirely fettled and reduced, he was very un- 
 willing his own dutiful and orderly Forces 
 ihould mix or converfe with them. He there- 
 fore befought them (for their own Safety) 
 that thofe Forces under Fleetwood fliouid be 
 remov'd to diftant Quarters in the Country, 
 except the two Regiments of Colonel Mor^ 
 ley and Colonel Fagg^ who had continued in 
 their Duty to them, which, with his owa . 
 Army, would be fufficient to maintain the 
 Guards to the Parliament, and fecure the City. 
 But this Letter was not thought feafbnable ta 
 be fent till they were advanc'd near to Lon- 
 don ; {o that they Ihould not dare to deny 
 him, nor have Time enough to oppofe his 
 Entrance. • - 
 
 IX. The General, having (laid at Notting-' 
 ham two Days for the Rear of his Army to 
 come up to him, on Monday^ January 2z. j^n. %u 
 marched to Leicejier^ and met Scot and Ro- 
 bin/on on their Way towards him. Much 
 Ceremony and SubmifTion was here rendered 
 by the General and his Army towards thefc 
 two arrogant Commiilioners of the JuncSto ; 
 Infomuch that the General, who had quickly 
 taken the Meafures of that their Stay in the 
 Army was fb pundual that his Soldiers were 
 
 P X ' obliged. 
 
 .''.j 
 
Ill The L I F E of 
 
 * 
 
 oblig'd, upon all Occafions, to pay them 
 greater Reverence than had been us'd towards 
 himfelf During their March together, Scot 
 and Robin fon had much Conference with the 
 General upon the late Alterations, and the 
 prefent State of Things : And much of their 
 Difcourfe was full of Apprehenfion and Jea- 
 loufy of every body about them, which fur- 
 ther confirmed the General, that himfelf was 
 not free from their Sufpicions. They refled- 
 ed on the late Practice of Fleetwood and 
 Lambert with a very particular Indignation. 
 They fell foul on the City of London-, for 
 their late Stubbornnefs and Malignancy. And 
 though the Army in Ireland had declared 
 their Obedience to the Authority of Parlia- 
 ment, yet they very well knew they were 
 not upon the right Bafis. 
 
 X. The General was now more troubled 
 how to temporize with thefe two Commif- 
 fioners, than ever he had been how to oppofe 
 all Lamberfs Army. But becaufe his grand 
 Defign was now upon the Anvil, for the re- 
 moving oi Fleetwood's Army out of London^ 
 and the introducing his own, without which 
 all his Travel hitherto w^ould be loft, he was 
 refolv'd fo far to comply with their Extrava- 
 
 gancieSj 
 
 General Monk. 213 
 
 gancies, as to give them an entire Affurance 
 of him. 
 
 XI. Into LeicePr the Irijh Brigade fa- 
 luted him, being drawn up by Colonel i^^^- 
 man and Colonel Brett, of whofe Fidelity 
 he was aflur'd, when they were in Lamher^ s 
 Army, and therefore receiv'd them with a 
 particular Friendlliip. 
 
 XII From Leicefter the next Day he^^,,,, 
 went to his next Stage at Harborougb ; where 
 he met three Commiffioners, (whereof two 
 were Aldermen) fent to him from London, to 
 renew the Contents of their former Letter at 
 Morpeth, wherein they defir'd a new Parlia- 
 ment, or the filling up this prefent one, by 
 reftoring the Members fecluded in i64«. and 
 eompleating it by new Eledions. Thefe Gen- 
 tlcmen deliver'd their MelTage with fuch Free, 
 dom and Refolution, as greatly incens d the 
 two Commiffioners; infomuch ^sScottol^ 
 them, That the Tarliament had already, by 
 their Vote, determined againft the fecluded 
 Members ', fo that it was a Trefumption tn 
 any private "Per fon to mention their Admif 
 fion The General very well knew that, for 
 the prefent, it was as much the Citizens In. 
 *- * P 3 tereft, 
 
 i 
 
 • Vr 
 
 A 
 
214 ^^^ LIFE of 
 
 tereft, as his own, to comply with the Parh'a- 
 • raent's Commiflloners againft them, and fo 
 font them away difTatisfy'd : Though after- 
 wards fonie of thoie Perfohs that attended 
 the General, took the Opportunity of giving 
 them privately a better Underftanding. 
 
 ?« M XIII. Th e next Morning General Monk 
 {ti forward for Northampton ^ where he met 
 more Addrefies from the Gentry of the Coun- 
 ty, for the filling up the Parliament, or call- 
 ing a new one. But the cold Entertainment 
 which the Meflengers from London had re- 
 ceiv'd the Day before at Harhorough , did 
 Ibmewhat dilcourage them in prefcnting their 
 Petition, till D^. Barro'-Ji; and fome other 
 Gentlemen about the' General, advis'd them 
 to go on with their Addrels, and to be con- 
 tent with fuch Anfwer as they recciv'd, ia 
 Expedarion of the future EfTedt. 
 
 XIV. The General was greatly pcrplcx'd 
 how to ani'wer thele repeated AddrclTes, be- 
 ing very well fatisfy'd in the Reafon and E- 
 quity of thofe that brought them. But Scot 
 and Robinfon cas'd him of that Care ; for they 
 undertook to anfwer all Comers, leaving Ge- 
 neral JV/os^ to the Satisfacftion of his owa 
 
 Silence, 
 
 General Monk. 21 j 
 
 Silence, who never loved to make long 
 Speeches, nor to hear them from others But. 
 when he was forc'd (in Compliance with the 
 Comraiffioners) to difoblige thofe Gentlemen 
 that olTer'd thefe Addreffes, by his Anfwers; 
 yet he would ftill be careful to make them 
 fome Amends, by his Countenance and the 
 Kindnefs of his Afped toward them. 
 
 XV From this Stage the General kept on 
 his March to "Dunfiabk, 'January 27. and7«. ^■,. 
 the next Day arriv'd at St. Albans, where he j,,. ,,. 
 was again befteg'd with numerous Addreffes 
 from leveral other Counties of England, a- 
 sreeinc^ all in the fame Applications, for the 
 reftoring the fecludcd Members, or the call- 
 ing a new Parliament. Scot and Robtnfon 
 had, all the Way frow Leicepr to St. ^Z- 
 bans, taken up their Quarters in the fame 
 Houfe with him; and when they withdrew 
 from him to their own Apartment, they al- 
 ways found or made fome Hole in the Door 
 6r Wall, to look in or liften, (which they had 
 pracais'd fo palpably, that the Generalfound 
 it out, and took notice of it to thole about 
 him, refleding on their Bafenefs and evil Sul- 
 picions) that they might more nearly mlpedt 
 his Anions, and obferve what Pcrfpns came 
 •'. p 4 W 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
\ 
 
 ii6 qle LIFE of 
 
 to him ; and alfo be in Readinefs to anfwer 
 the Addrefles, and to ruffle with thofe that 
 brought them. But here they were fo plain- 
 ly and ieverely reprimanded by thofe Gentle- 
 men that came, that Scot^ in great Paflion, 
 leply'd : Though his Age might excufe him 
 from taking up Arms ; yet^ as old as he wasy 
 (before thi's frefent "Parliament Jhould be 
 entangled^ by rejioring the fecluded Mem- 
 kers^ or by new Elections J he would gird 
 on his Sword dgain^ and keep the Door a-^ 
 gainjl them. 
 
 Among the reft of his Interruptions m 
 this Place, he was troubled with a long Faft- 
 Sermon from Hugh Teters. And now being 
 within twenty Miles of the City, it was 
 thought fit to fend away thofe Letters to the 
 Parliament, for the Removal of Fleetwoods 
 Army out of London^ which, we gave an Ac- 
 count, were drawn up before at Nottingham. 
 It \yas the laft and niceft Part the General 
 had to accomplifli, in clearing the City of 
 thofe ot|ier Regiments beforp his own En- 
 trance. 
 
 XVI. To this End CommifTary Clarges 
 was fent away from hence, to prepare liich 
 Members of the Jun<ao 4s he could engage. 
 
 to 
 
 * 
 
 General Monk. 217 
 
 to further the Vote ; and Colonel Lidcot was, 
 piteh'd upon to carry the Letters, being the 
 Speaker's Kinfman, and particularly efteem'd 
 by him. Scot alfo and Rob'tnfon had, in their 
 frequent Letters to their Confidents in the 
 Houfe, given fo fair a Character of the Gene- 
 ral, and of the Difcipline and Temper of his 
 Army, that, in Conclufion, the Vote pafTed 
 for Fleetwood'?, Forces to retire into new 
 Quarters in the Country, except the two 
 Regiments of Morley and Fagg; tho' there 
 were fome that wouldhavehalf of F/e^^c!y<?o^'s 
 Forces remain in the City, and but half of 
 General Monk's admitted, 
 
 XVIL Here the General made an Halt of 
 five Days, both for the bringing up his own 
 Forces nearer together; fome whereof, for 
 the Eafe of the Country, had march'd in the 
 other Road by Newark ; and alfo to receive 
 the Refolutions of the Parliament by Colonel ^ 
 Lidcot, and for the diftributing the Quarters 
 in London by the Qiiarter-mafters for his own 
 Army. 
 
 XVIIL And fi-om hence, February z. he '^'^■■>" 
 march'd to Barnet, which were his laftQuar- 
 
 ters 
 
 
 
iig Tfje LIFE of 
 
 ters upon the Road, and within ten Miles of 
 the City. And here his two evil Angels, Scot 
 and Rob't7ifon^ that had never faiPd to quarter 
 with him in the iame Houfe from Leicejier 
 to this Stage, now left him to take up his 
 Lodging alone, and retir'd thcmfelves to a 
 private Houfe in the Town. 
 
 XIX. This Night he difpatch'd Orders 
 for the March of the Army into London the 
 next Day; and that the Soldiers iliould be 
 duely charged to behave themfelves well and 
 peaceably in their Quarters at London^ and to 
 pay duely for their Entertainment; which 
 they might very well do, there being fome 
 of their Scotch Money ftiil in the Trcaliiry. 
 
 XX. The General being advanced fb near^ 
 the Jundto were in the mean while very bufy 
 in dilpatching Fleet''j:jood's Forces out of the 
 Town; which they did, not only to oblige 
 General Monk^ by removing them out of his 
 Way ; but, as an Inftance of their Contempt 
 and Scorn of thofe Regiments for their late 
 Defedion, efteeming them as unworthy to 
 have their Quarters in the capital City. Yet 
 that the common Soldiers might be obliged to 
 
 marclj 
 
 General Monk. 219 
 
 march the more contentedly, they order'd 
 ;heni a Month's Pay, to quality the Difgrace 
 cf their Removal. 
 
 XXI. But there Regiments being long 
 accuftomed to a loofe and lazy Life, in the 
 Luxury of the Town, were very unwilling 
 to exchange their old Quarters in the City, 
 for worfe and coarfer Entertainment in the 
 Country, and ftomach'd the Difgrace of the 
 Remove : Infomuch that fome of thefe Regi- 
 ments began a Mutiny in the Suburbs ; and at 
 the fame time a Multitude of Apprentices, 
 taking the Opportunity of the Soldiers Dif- 
 contents, beat up their Drums in the City, 
 declaring for a free ParHament, in Hopes the 
 cnraeed and mutinous Soldiers would join 
 with" them. The Council of State, then fit- 
 ting, were fo alarm'd with the Diforders of 
 this Night in the City, together with the 
 Apprehcnfion of the farther Mifchiefs which 
 might happen in this unquiet Poftare of Af- 
 tairs, that, late in the Night, they difpatch'd 
 away MefTengers to Scot and Rob'infon^ ia 
 the General's Quarters at Barnet., defiring 
 them to haften his March into the City, for 
 Prevention of further Mifchief. Mr. Scot was 
 fo afTrighted cut of his Sleep with this hafty 
 
 , NewSi 
 
 
 
2 20 Tioe LIFE of 
 
 News, that he could not ftay to drefs him, 
 but in the Difliabit of his Night-Gown, Cap, 
 and Sh'ppers, hurry'd prefcntly to the Gene- 
 raPs Quarters, where he made a terrible Re- 
 prefentation of this Mutiny in the City, re- 
 quiring General Monk to beat his Drums in- 
 ftantly, and march forward. But the Gene- 
 ral, that did not ufe to be alarm'd with every 
 little Noife, or put out of his Temper by an 
 bafty Tale, return'd him an Anfwer calmly, 
 and perfiiaded Mr. Scot to return to his Bed, 
 and put his Fears under his Pillow : That he 
 was fo near the City, that no great Mifchief 
 could be done in one Night, and that he would 
 be with them early enough in the Morning, 
 to prevent any greater Defign. Yet, that the 
 Commiflioner might not be altogether at his 
 Wit's End, he prefently difpatchM away fome 
 Meflengers of his own, to inform him more 
 particularly of thefe Commotions ; who 
 brought him News early in the Morning, that 
 the Commanders had quieted the Mutiny a- 
 mong their Soldiers ; and that fome Troops 
 of Horfe, being fent up into the City, had 
 difperfed the Apprentices, and that the Re- 
 aimcnts were then marching out of the 
 Town. 
 
 XXII. So 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 211 
 
 XXII So thatall things being thus quiet- 
 ed in die City, the General took his own 
 Time to march leifurely that Mormng,Fn- 
 L February 3. into London. But before he «M. 
 Sr^ the /own, he made a Stand at H#- 
 oate where the Army, being then but hvc 
 fhtuVald eight hiuidred Men -- ^|- - 
 rendezvous, and there receiv ^?^^'^'''^^^ 
 n^anner of their March into the City. ™ 
 three Regiments of Horfe firft, and the Ge- 
 nera mounted at the Head of them with hi 
 Tmmpets before him, accompany'd with the 
 Tundo's Commiffioners, and fome of his own 
 Si Officers, with feveral other Perions 
 of Quality, that had the Curiofity or Cour- 
 ^efy " m^eet him at his feveral St^S- on the 
 Way After the Horfe march'd his four Re- 
 oiments of Foot : And in the Afternoon he 
 made his Entry by Grey'^-Inn-Lane. where, 
 at the Rolls, he made a Stop at the Speaker s 
 Door; but he being not yet return d from 
 the Houfe, the General went on into the 
 Strand: where,beii^ told that the Speak«^s 
 Coach was coming near, the General alight- 
 ted from his Horfe, and, with much Ceremo- 
 ny, complimented the Prince of the Senate, 
 and his legiflative Mace in the Boot of his 
 
tit .77js life of 
 
 Coach. And rhenee, accompany'd with fome 
 of his Horfc-Guards, went on ro his Qiiarters 
 at White-Hally where the Jundo had af- 
 fign'd him bcibre-hand the Apartment com- 
 nionly cali'd the Trinccs Lodgings. 
 
 CHAP. XVII. 
 
 I. T6e mean Appearance of the GeneraVs Ar- 
 my. II. The Council of State tender the 
 Oath of Abjuration to him, 'which he re- 
 fufes. III. Is vijited ky the Heads of th& 
 fever al Tar tics. IV. Is introduced into 
 the Ho life of Common s^ 'where he receives 
 their Thanks by the Sfeaker ; the Subjlance 
 of bis Anfwer. V. The Sufficions of the 
 'Parliament, and their "Dcfigns agaittji his 
 Life difcover'd to Mr. Sturdy. VI. IFho 
 informs the General of it. VII. An Ob- 
 fervation upon their Jealoufies. VIII. The 
 Obfervation continued. IX. A Refolutiott 
 of the Coinmon Council, to pay no more 
 Taxes till the Rcadmifflon of the fecluded 
 Members. X. The Rump impute this Re- 
 
 folution to fome Encouragement from the 
 General. XI. The General ordered to take 
 
 down 
 
 Cen'ekal Monk. 2.23 
 
 do-Jim the City Gates. XII Which he 
 complies -with. yM\. And executes their 
 Orders XlY.The Refentment of his o'wn 
 Officers. XV. The Citizen's Complaints 
 to him. XVI. An Order to break the Gates, 
 and diffohe the Common Council. XVII. 
 The Gates broken. XVIII, XIX. The true 
 ReaCons of the General's Compliance 'with 
 thefe Orders. XX. ATetition to the 
 ^unBo for an Oath of Abjuration. XXL 
 The General's Army incenfed. XXII. The 
 General expoftulates -with the JunBo, and 
 direiis them to call a free and full Tar^ 
 liament. XXIII. He quarters m the Ci- 
 ty. XXIV. The City's cold Reception of 
 him. XXV. The Lord Mayor confers 'with 
 him. XXVI. A better Vnderftanding be- 
 fween him and the City ; and the Jun£la 
 furprized 'with his Letter to them. 
 
 I.'T~^HE Citizens, that had been accuftom- 
 J_ ed only to the prancing of Fket- 
 rwood's Troops through their Streets, which 
 were always kept fair and wanton, and had 
 us'd to fee thofe wcU-cloath'd Red-Coats fleek 
 and trim in the Eafe and Luxury of the City, 
 had but a cold Conceit of this Northern Ar- 
 my as thev paired by! Their Scotch Horfc 
 '' i were 
 
224 7^^ LIFE of 
 
 were but thin and out of Cafe, with long dnd 
 hard Marching ; and the Men as rough and 
 weather-beaten, having march'd in a fevere 
 Winter about three hundred Miles in length, 
 and through deep and continued Snows ; fo 
 that all their Way they had fcarce yet fcea 
 the plain Earth of their native Country. 
 
 IL The next Morning, Saturday^ Febru- 
 j#^.4. ary 4. the General was invited to take his 
 Place in the Council of State, where, pre- 
 fently after his Entrance, the Oath of Abju- 
 ration was tender^ to him by the Prefident. 
 He expeded no lefs than the Offer.of it, and 
 was prepar'd with an • Anfwer : That feveral 
 others, who were nominated with himfelfas 
 Members of that Council, had before refus'd 
 it; and therefore he defir'd there might be a 
 Conference between thofe who had taken the 
 Oath and thofe who had refus'd it; by which 
 himfelf and others who demurr'd might be 
 better fatisfy'd. He alfo told them, that th« 
 Officers of his own Army were very tender 
 in taking Oaths ; and that he would not ob- 
 lige himfelf in fwearing to this new one, till 
 he had firft acquainted them therewith ; and 
 fo, taking his Leave of the AlTembly, returned 
 again to his Quarters at White-HalL 
 
 III. Where 
 
 General Monk. ^tij 
 
 III. Where, the next Day, being Sunday^ 
 he was vifited by the Heads of the feveral 
 Parties ia the Jundo and Council of State, 
 and by many other Perfons of Quality in-the 
 Giry : All Men having a, Curiofity to difcern 
 fomething of his Intentions, ; by Conference 
 with him, who was too wary to be fathom'd 
 by any of them all, though he was beiet with 
 the more pert and forward Pifcourfe offoipe, 
 and the more contriv'd and cunning Arfi/ices 
 of others. 
 
 • ■ , . ^ ^ ^ ■ 
 
 IV. But OQ Munday Morning he was 
 brought with muc^i Ceremony by Scot and 
 Robinfon through the Court of Wards to the 
 Door of the Parliament Houfe, where the 
 Serjeant at Arms, with his Mace, receiv'd 
 him, and conduced him to a Chair within the 
 Bar, in which he was defir'd to fit down : 
 Which the General refttfing, the Speaker gave 
 him the Thanks of the Houie lor his Service 
 «nd Fidelity towards them, in a fee Speech, 
 fill'd with much fcriptural and pious Raillery, 
 acQording to the Guife of thofe Times. The 
 General, from the Back of the Chair, anfwer'd 
 in a very wary and agreeable Reply, contriv- 
 ed to fit the Temper of thofe Ears that were 
 to heat him. And tho foiije Men that wilh'd 
 
 
 
V 
 
 
 li6 The LIFE of 
 
 him very well, thought, by that Difcourfe, 
 he had gone too fet in his Compliance with 
 them; yet the abjuring Part of rfje Hoiafc 
 (whole Jealoufies of him were fteth^t height- 
 enM % his Reftifal of the« Oath two Days be- 
 fore) were difpleas'd with aM he fei*; and ar- 
 raigned his whole DifcouBfe : His interceding 
 for the Eafeand Corivtoicncies of the People, 
 they interpreKcl'ds a Stfa» of his Popularity, 
 which was not to be^hdured in a Cfencral that 
 ferves a Common-wdalrh- The rsedfefling 
 of Grievances, was but a more fecret Re- 
 proach upon their Negligence or In}uftic€ in 
 the Government. His Remarks upon multi- 
 plying further Oaths, was very ofFenfive to 
 th«m, who had lately contrived that new one 
 of Abjuration: His pleading for the Encou- 
 r^ement of the Ibber Gentry, they account- 
 ed as a fly Contrivance, which in Time would 
 let in the Royal Party upon the Govern- 
 ment: And by his frequent and iharp Refle- 
 iStions upon the Fanatic ks^ (from which 
 Speech they were thought firft to have re- 
 ceived that Name, which they have never 
 yet wiped off) they accufed him to have in- 
 vidioufly rcprefented the moft ftrid and god- 
 ly Part of the^ Nation, who, though they 
 might happen to have been mifled by the De- 
 
 . ' figns 
 
 GenesaL Monk. ii;^ 
 
 figns of others, were yet to be efteemM and 
 cherifli'd as the beft and fareft Friends to the 
 Government. J^or were they pleas'd with 
 the Title of G^^^r^/ given to him, calling 
 him always^: iit tbcif w^aDifoourfe or Orders, 
 -CammiJJioner Monkan t 
 
 : i' V: ' ThA t fomc of them bad >fifitertain'd 
 great ApprehenfwMisJiiidSufpicions.pf him, is 
 ihanifeft fnom one hiftairce^ which fell. out 
 Juft at this Time. Mx. Scot's Son hadlodg^ 
 for fome Time in the Houfe of one Mr. Stur- 
 dy j a Roman GatholieH rim Rufel-ftreet; and 
 was fb well acquainted with his Landlord that, 
 difoourfing together about General Monk's 
 late Arrival into Londonf winch was then the 
 «)mmon Talk of the To\irn; he told him fe- 
 cretly^ that the Parhament had (uch Suspici- 
 ons of him, as that it was refoiv'd to remove 
 him fuddenly from his Comcdand in the Ar- 
 my, and to lay him M invthe Tower, hav* 
 ing Articles agaiaft him fiiflfcient to endanger 
 his Life* ^ ^ 
 
 : f » • # f. <ry 
 
 '-• 
 
 I VI. Mr. Sturdy obfarving, in thismife- 
 rrablo Co^fion, tlwit the Hopes of ail ho- 
 neft Men were plac'd upon Gaieralil/tf«* and 
 bis Atmy, was^ very nvuch concem^ at this 
 
 Q^x Relation; 
 
ez8 the LIVE of- 
 
 *ReIarton;^mfomach: as, ribe next/ ,Morping 
 'eirly,he h#cii'd upiato tie City^^a^^ found 
 i^t^one G^^toin Marrhtj an honcft Citizen 
 of his particular Acquaintance, itp .whom. h.e 
 ^reveard this fccret Information : The Cap- 
 ita thoughLiit a Matterjof rfp mvchi <;Qnfe- 
 ^luence^ thatfjhehro^ogteiiiiis Friend Sturdy 
 7*b ^ti^KeMall andbMr;, ^am^s MnMeford^ 
 -whoHvere rdatcd to -Gtaeral iWi?//^, and they 
 two ftttthwititri^atrya bim to the General at 
 /f'«{^^-/fe/Acwhcji&'/h^ attefted the 
 
 Tnlth'bf this Rdatimi. r TiieGeneral had o- 
 thcr Bufmefs in'.Hahdi'-than to take any pub- 
 iick Notice of thisrfafbf mation ; . yet gave ib 
 mucK Credit £d4t^vt!& he refoiv'd tpjook more 
 x^efuBy to him&if, and, commanded. Mr. 
 'Sturdyxoytviit in hisiGudrds, which he con- 
 tinued to do for fomerwliilc after. 
 
 litirT-' bni; 'st^iwi ?ifl 
 
 ."> 
 
 ■ ': ; 
 
 ■ VII.-^BC«tieral had hitbetto carry 'd all 
 
 l^Jrtgs fo fairly- toWf acds the < Jim^p , ever 
 
 frfitfr his appeariflg's^aiiin the Army ia £«»j^- 
 
 Undt had fo cafefs'd their CoramiflioDers all 
 
 the Way they marchVi with him, and fegra'd 
 
 •fojidb^'dLto-^J^otinvij Jthei*; prdfcaJ: Sc/Jlon, 
 
 by difcoiiraging all: 'Addrefles: made tor him 
 
 for filling up the Hoiife, or admitting the le- 
 
 cIOtfedMfcmbets?; that itTBight-be^Mattcr of 
 
 • .. „ fome 
 
 GeneraI Monk. ^%9 
 
 tHme Jaa Wonder, whence thofe Jcaloufes 
 ther ent^rtain'd x3!e him for changing the Go- 
 WiWent, or iittroducitig tba JfiiJ^ iho'^ 
 
 ■ j„^ ..il noncroiolnl :j aDit ?iff7 b'krf^t 
 '•UTvnTi-f:iiEEtTtVcoo»' Sind Ij^ert "^^ 
 both of them GomiflMed:^A^«sr;as weU as 
 Geaeml M^;^^^ahdi6th*ad.rebelfed 4gamft 
 them ' yet Wci<e never fo modh : as lalpotted 
 
 to have any Defigri fef tf «i°g '^1*^^! 
 Only Gfctieral ^*-f, v?hahad alone^ declatd 
 for them; and, tvlien. hewight-have been fafe 
 id his Government of &r*/fl»i, by a Com^ 
 pliance with tbei* Enemies, had put himlelf 
 fnto a manifeft Hazard, by declaring for them 
 With unequal Forces, .againft aU the Armies 
 ^iEn^lmd and Ireband, yet coukLnot^fe- 
 cure himfelffrom their Sufpicions. But there 
 was fomething in his Nature and Prmaples 
 that save them Jeabufy; fometWng was ft.ll 
 too apparent in him, -which.- ,»11 his Arts, of 
 CautiS and half Lights, aU bis Dextent). of 
 Guar<ls and Silence, could not coficcal. Nojr 
 indeed could they areifonably tmft^^ay Man, 
 that was not involv'd m ,equal Guiks^andVil- 
 • lanies vrith themfelves. i 
 
 f>nr 
 
 i"l 
 
 
 ame "Biik there feU out 
 Q 3 another 
 
230 The LIFE of 
 
 new Accident that did greatly promote their 
 Sulpicion. The City of London had all a- 
 long been querulous, -aud diflatisfy 'd with this 
 prefent ConftiDition of the Parliament, and 
 had made feveral open Difcoveries of their 
 Difcontent; but now they proceeded to that 
 Indignation and Sdom againft this Tail of a 
 Parliament, that the Common Council of 
 London had publiih'd a Vote or Order of 
 their Hoofe, declaring they would pay no 
 more Taxes or AffeiTments impos'd upon Mtfl 
 their City, till the Parliamsent were fiU'd up 
 with eqinl Reprefcntatives of the Pcopie, 
 
 X. This was fiich an avowed Con- 
 tempt of the prefent Authority, and of ib 
 dangerous an Example CO the reft of the Njjn- 
 tion ^ainft paying Takes,^ as gave an Alarm 
 to the Council of Statcu: Nor could they r- 
 magine any Pretence for this their prefent 
 Prdun^on^ butiroin ibnue private Engage- 
 ment given them l^r >Ga^ral il/e^ and his 
 Army. They very tioeHrkncw riie City bad 
 been conferrix^ with^him upon this v^y 
 Point of new Reprefeirtativ€% ot rdlpring 
 the fechided Mcmbers^^^^risklfe! ia dieii Jbetr 
 ter delivery at Mott^tb^ and afterw^s by 
 their Commiflioners at Harborough^ which 
 . : led 
 
 General Monk. 13? 
 
 led the Junao into Sufpicion of Jome fecret 
 Pradice between them, TheCity hadthefcne 
 Caufe of Provocai:ion before, Yf ^^^^f 
 to run into fuch violent Compels, tUl EkeU 
 wood's Army wasremov'd. and d>e Nor- 
 thern Forces were quarter^ among, mojaj 
 from whom they rec^v'd Encouri^emenr,and 
 expeded Support. > > -^\^ -• . -..mi,h > 
 
 k^^K' 
 
 XT But to pfev«nti this ,Iafpknce ia the 
 Gity before it could fix it felf, andbeeon«? 
 exemplary to others^ as alfo for the bettof 
 Sety of General Mmk M lus Army. 
 Ae Council of State fent for hini late at N#t, 
 Fphriiart 8, (where were prefent the other ^.j. g. 
 SSoners for governi^ the Army) ajjd 
 Le him Orders to march bs Regiments^the 
 ?ext Morning early iato the Gity, andta 
 
 ;^ter upon them nU he had ^"«^ ^« 
 „ Obedi«ice. to ^^^J^'^^'?f^r! 
 eleven of the ««>« ^f ^ ^•*»::^,^^^; 
 
 fflon Council Xwhofo^*"*^*^^ *f» ft ^^ 
 L to take dow« e^Xa.«as*n4Ms .^^^ 
 
 and Por^cuUlce*. -Not d»P'tacy^*t» 
 CetTimc tc. deliberate upod Aife exmoi, 
 SiiSy Aftion than nil the^next Morning, 
 
 
 .' Jf > *."■ •' 
 
 0.4 
 
 TB6 
 
*3i 
 
 The hi fE of 
 
 t 
 
 XII. Though the General was fbmewhat 
 fiirprizy with this outragious Refolution of 
 the Jund:c^: yet at the firft Offer of \^ to liibj 
 he prcferitly* took' the right Scent of their De- 
 fign;:- And therefore,; xoncealing his Diflike 
 of theni, be accepted! €heir Orders, refolving 
 to nuke his own Ufc of them. For tJkdugh 
 the Manner was hotiigreedon, yet thb Ge- 
 neral had def^n^d, ! before he came buti of 
 Scot knd'^ to put an End to the Exerefcence 
 of a^Pariiament, io fooaas he was wellieti 
 tied in Lmdon. ^ And this' infolent Refolution 
 they had taken up, of violating the Cityi 
 would giv6 him the faireft Advantage upon 
 them, (not only to the City and Nation, but 
 alfo to his whole Afmy) that he could ex- 
 ped. And that the Jundo might thereby 
 iofe for ever their Intcrefti and Crcdit^ithc 
 General was contented to adventure >his own^ 
 iiv ^becoming the Inftrolifcnt lof :their Malice 
 and Revenge; And, to prevent ail Jmpreffion 
 upon him to the contrary, they kept him in 
 DifcKwrfeJ witfc i them, ^ giSriog bim ^ jJarticnHar 
 IrrftrutSions for performing^ their. Commands^ 
 tiU towardsrtiw); ia the ^farming;; which was 
 fo Utei ibafx&ah^fCf iihisoAttend^ wbdr 
 knew any thing 9i^\^ur\ifj^ Infiwmanidnt 
 
 ^ - began 
 
 GENERA^^^l.oK*. 233 
 
 began to fufpeft fome iU Dcfign upon his Per- 
 
 10 ooiJii^'ri;i ^nororrtao artTihi^/ b ^ ^ 
 XKh^BuT^themfcitiMcrfniagteafrly, jf:e^r»* f.^. 9. 
 
 uYf^). the Gener^ cdjumanded the March lof 
 his^ AnAy up into tfae^Cityy without advifing 
 witblny-of bis^rowlD Officers. And having 
 pkc'd his imin esaids ac the' old Eiccbmge, 
 and other convenient filaces,rbe retir'd bimidf 
 to the Three Tuns:^k^(^ri i^zzxQutid-Halh 
 xvherelicdifpatch'd)hi^a:dersto fome of bis 
 Officers, for the taking up the Pofts and 
 Chains, and fent others to apprehend thole 
 eleven Citizens, whom the Council of State 
 had commanded him to fecurc. This fudden 
 Violence ofFered to the City v and by that 
 Handirom whom they leaft expedied it, did 
 at prefent rather furpriTje the People with A- 
 mawment at the lEidignity of it, tthair mov^ 
 their Paffions;ifo'that.all-things appeared as^if 
 
 the Hc^waAadt that Morning fceen taken by 
 
 i£Kii;\^: Burnbt oriJjs the Citizjen?^ butmoft^ 
 alforof his own fiipetiot Officers were fo a^^ 
 ftcMrilh'd at this^unrdarotfiibte attd-odidus Em- 
 
 ptoyment^ ithat 1 theyirft^^kljP^^x|it4fsM their 
 
 Sufeaitmcfit^^ tfld o^'^i^ti^ thek Commif^ 
 
 « .1 a lions. 
 
 -\\ 
 
i 
 
 134 7^^'L I F E of 
 
 fions. The General gave them fome little 
 Light into his own Apprehenfions of this in- 
 famous Service they had put upon him ; but 
 Gommanded them to bbey his Orders at pre- 
 fent, and toitmft his Difcrction with the Oon- 
 fcquence« .aJ.aoqu ^^iivir>{ 
 
 )• >i 
 
 XV. Several alio of: the principal Citi- 
 zens addccft'd themlelves to him, and with 
 that IFemper. and Prudence expoftulated this 
 unworthy Ufage and' Indignity put upon them, 
 as the General was greatly concern'd for the 
 Injury tbcy had lufer'd: So that the feme 
 Night he ditpatch'd Letters to the Council, in- 
 forming tfiem,^ that he had obey'd then- Or- 
 ders in fecuring the Perfbns they command- 
 ed, exc^t two of them, that had been t6o 
 nimble for him ; and that the next Morning 
 the LdrdMay or had appointed a Meeting of 
 the Commcm Councfli where he hoped they 
 woddunonie to a better Reibiutiony and Tem^ 
 per gf :&ditnitdngi themielves to tiie Authority 
 of Rariiament, without the INfeeeffity of any 
 futtherSetiirityajpon th^m. ^' 
 
 XVLA\JttheCoubcil*«f^ate Wa^Jftfbl^ 
 cdi aowtfedr«aQd was iiif t^^^di^thdf Wdf* 
 td pof pofci ii»id effeamlly' tt) tfittabte^h^t 
 
 lofty 
 
 General Mo^'k. 135 
 
 lofty City. And therefore they retorn'd him 
 a further Command, not only to take down 
 their Gates and i^ort-culUces, according to 
 their firfl Order, but dfo now to teeak them 
 in pieces: And, that they might have the fiiU 
 Stroke of their Revenge upon the Commoa 
 Council, for their daring Refolution of pay- 
 ing no more Taxesi they had decreed they 
 fliould never meet more; and therefore mr 
 ftantly pafTed a Vote to difTolve the prefect 
 Common Couacil of the City. 
 
 1 '■-. ■ 
 
 XVII. These fecond Orders did mor* 
 deeply incenfe the General j^ainft the Coun- 
 cil of State; but feeing them make fuch Haftc 
 to their own Infemy, he was refolv'd now to 
 execute theix Commands to the ftdl, and vent 
 rare the Iffue. The next Day therefore the^Kio 
 Gates and Port-cuiliees were taken down, 
 and the Soldiers broke them in pieces ; but 
 with fuch Reflexion upon the Patiiamcnt in 
 chufmg them to this bafc Employment, in 
 making them the Executioners of their Paf 
 fion and Revenge wpon thofe who had r&- 
 ceiv'd them kindly, that the Citizens, being 
 moretfeady to exeufejhe Stone which hart 
 them* converted all tb^fladigfiaiaon upon 
 th& ' Aim tSm tbre^ dtjiiMid l««Uy&att%i'a 
 
 this 
 
23^ ne'tlFE of' 
 
 this tnfolence of the Jundlo. They who at- 
 tendecTthe General in '^fs'Bilfiiiers, and were 
 fcuriousTn obfervma fhei^racks of his Cdiin- 
 reHance,'lfeima^'h^j^ Well plfea^'d 
 
 vvitK iiis Employment^^^nor 'f he t^ompany-' a- 
 fcouthim. Y 01 Hazlerig and Walton^ (who 
 were equal Commiflioners with him in com- 
 •^yaing the Arm'y) ''tvA^ others; Were con- 
 Tinual Ef^idts upon him, "both in dblerViiig 
 fcoVluHy be gave our thd Jundro^s Ord^ts, 
 and at what Rate they \Ver^ executed by his 
 Officers and Soldiers. Only Colonel Morleyj 
 who was another of the Commiflioners, and 
 it that Time entriifted with the Command of 
 the Tower, fo far diflik'd thefe Proceedings, 
 is "he came this Day ro the General at his 
 garters in the City, and ^ffer'd to him the 
 Affiftance of his own and Colonel Fag's Re- 
 giment, with the 'Force and Arms of the 
 "Tower,^!^ crppbfe or moderate thefe daiige- 
 "^rbus Refokitt6ns 6f the Cbtfecil of State. Nor 
 ^^'ere' tbere^ -mntitt^^ Members of the 
 
 fundo 'tt feff, that,'appfelietid{ng* the' datige- 
 itnis EfFciSt^ of this Violence ttp6n the City, 
 ^idgreadf ^cfaft \*efe'lVIethorfs of theibj tir- 
 ing Party teethe Coundt of ^ State,* But tht>' 
 the General's Difpleafure went no furthet 
 than his Countenance, yet feveiral of his Of- 
 
 ficers could not conceal their Refcntments, 
 ^ccuHng the Jundo, that they.h^ a^ much 
 coi^^r^d the Infamy of the Scotch ^Kxm^r^ 
 the Biftlmrge of jtheir o;yn Jn^^ and JRc; 
 veng^^4R.coairaandingthem 
 
 Service, „ . --^^ ^^r■■^^•^o•■" x\^.-^n^ ' ^r}j -ttr^ 
 
 ■XVIII. Th vs. A^fon «f Gener^ Mo0^ m 
 wards, (be qity^,.>^as^vf^iounj^ceQ%# b^jr all 
 that uaderMo^aot, i^,thofe Tune^^^^ 
 b4ps,,« tii^ pay, in ^^f -Vym^^^ncej he 
 VW ;hen plaey. for the Orders ^%d% 
 the Cpuncil of St^te, to m^reh the,Arpij; 
 
 im ^be,;City,.. y^pr^m^M^^^ m 
 mx9\ Mor^l alope, but alfo to .the,p^^^ 
 
 Commiffioner?, . whereof ff42ii?ri^>Jfmtt^ 
 and Morky .were pppn.rf^^ ^^ce, jiiv^,,^ 
 fmce his Arrival in^o London, had a«ed 
 jointly w,itli;h|aj; S9,tbar^ha4^.the Gpneral 
 
 }^%i\ -(flirt Tft'^w .3Triifio!q^i0 -'^l^mnol i - *' - 
 
 «i 
 
 Si 
 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
13 S The LIFE of 
 
 XIX. GENiR'A^f;'Afc»/^ wbcr better tin-' 
 derflood air this* thdn they who haftily cen- 
 ftrcd his Prbceedings, wafe rcfolv 'd at prelent 
 to accept Vvhatever Orders were impos'd on 
 him, rather than, by rcftifing, to hazard his 
 Command andlnterefl in his own Army; for 
 lie very well knew thi^ prefent State of 
 things could not poflibly hold long, but that 
 the furious and violent Proceedings of the 
 |iin6id;^5iiid'the Odium they would draw up- 
 It^ themfelves thereby, and the further Dif- 
 cbntent in the Gity and Nation, and in his 
 own Army againft them, Would quickly give 
 him fome more feafonaWe Opportunity of en- 
 terir^ upon his retir'd and concealed Defigns, 
 of jiutting an End to this Seflion. 
 
 XX. Being n«w poffeffed With the De- 
 Vils of Jealoufy andMifchief; the very feme 
 Day the Cdtiildf of State had employed Ge- 
 nti^ Mcnk to breiak down the Gates of the 
 City, they had^ conjur'd up a L^ion of evil 
 Spirits as bad; 'pt wc>rfe, than themfelves, 
 wfth a Petition tb the Jundd, aS extravsl^nt^ 
 lymilchievous as their <iwn Voted> and inuch 
 of the fame Stamp, requiring the Oath of 
 Abjuration to be taken by all Perfons in any 
 "^ - '" publick 
 
 General Monk. 139 
 
 publick Employments, and other villainous 
 Matter. This was a Contrivance of the more 
 violent Party of the Jun<ao and pouncil of 
 State, who were iSb/jealous/of thie General, 
 that he Wouki not be a ftt Inftroiji^nt ft>r 
 them; that they were cabling with T^^W, 
 Ludlow, and Lambmh w^^X Ofi&cetst^ 
 the Englijhk^x!^^^^ 
 him. ■ ■' ' ni^^»^ vl^jFTv>^' ^n Hfrrrr . k 
 
 rr!"* 
 
 4\^\- 1ffr>k>fV 
 
 . XXI. Th«.se .tteacheroxi? :De%ns were 
 not fo fecraiy maoagVl, but that <ienerai 
 Monk'^ Officer*- fcad takem notice of th^, 
 and appi«hcoded:the Confeqncnces ; fo that 
 (on the fame Night he had concluded lus Qt- 
 ders in the City^i. and was returh'd to White-^ 
 hJI) fome of them came to hii», and rcprfe^ 
 fented the dangerous Effe<as of that Day's 
 Work in th& Os^i by which they had pro.* 
 vok'd and difoWi^d the Mcowpolis of the 
 Kingdom, and- the Noife of this Ai9ao|i, tog©. 
 th» witik their owBt^infemyi^^ woiiW.quickly 
 fpread all the' Nation over > that loc^fanother 
 Piece of WotkeWoiiJd certainly tuine tham 
 and yet at the fonie time< tbey^«*0 empbj^ 
 «?ttben^ therein^ were confedoffltewitktheit 
 |M-ofeft Enemiesi Svd cosntwwing^ Paities^a^ 
 gainft them f tl^ they had yaf. few Briei^ 
 
z^o . The LIFE of 
 
 whom they codd traft^ ant^inthp Parliament 
 Houfe, and Council of State, none at alL 
 
 1 
 
 General Monk. 241 
 
 1 t; 
 
 XXII. Not RING coiiid have been more 
 pleafing to tht Gtneral than this Difcourfe of 
 \m own OfSccrs, by wiudi he found the late 
 ProceeAnigsidii-jMit^^;? had noc only rendered 
 the Jundo odious to the City, but alfo to bis 
 own Army ; lb that of themfel ves they had 
 recover'd that Temper which he had lb long 
 been Gomriving:to incenfc into them. For 
 the only Rtafon Why he had htfherto com- 
 ply 'd with the Jundo was, becauie he thought 
 \xA own Ofiicers were not yet fit for any o- 
 cher In^rcfiion. But nowijbciog of them- 
 fclves polTcf&'d with foch Jcalioiifics againfl; 
 them for tbeir late Adions, though he would 
 gladly have had a little more Space to deli- 
 berate upi^aihis next Methods,, yet he was 
 lefolv'd ta make ulaof this prelcntPaflion in 
 )m Officers, audi adventure upon the Defign 
 ijut.of hand> which otberwife muft have coft 
 him longer Xinie> aod ^he Coatriy^Pi^j? of 
 fomc other Pretence. Having therefore I'uch 
 -Officers thawt him aa he jQould beft truftj 
 ndbich weis:only of his own- Army, ^except 
 Colonel Saunders, afld Major Bar ton ^ 4t was 
 i^ecd to d^daare their. jA|>pteb«nfiOns the 
 
 next Morning to the Parliament in an expo- 
 ftulatory Letter, the Heads whereof were 
 drawn up : That the Scotch Army had re- 
 ceived juft Caufe of Apprehenfion from their 
 late Proceedings, having entertain'd Corref- 
 pondencies with Lambert and dther Officers, 
 who had fo lately rebelled ^ainft them : That 
 they had admitted Ludlow to fit in their 
 Houfe after the Irijh Officers had laid Trea- 
 fon to his Charge, and were in Readinefs to 
 prove it : And that they had countenanc'd 
 and accepted a late fdandalous Petition, for 
 the obtruding new Oaths upon the free-bora 
 People of the Nation, by which the bdl and 
 moft fober Perfons would be excluded from 
 having any Share in thfe Government, and the 
 confcientious Clergy would be difabled from 
 their Miniftry and Maintenance. They were 
 therefore requefted, fo far to comply with the 
 united Defires of the Nation, as in a Week's 
 Time to ifiue out Writs for the filling up 
 their Houfe, and, concluding their own Sef- 
 fion by the fixth of May^ they would thed 
 give Place for the eonveniiig a full and free 
 Parliament. But before th^ General went to 
 Bed, being refolv'd to advife no mare with 
 the other Commiffionerr in the Cbndud: of 
 his own Army, by his fole Authority he gave 
 
 R o^ 
 
241 Tlje LIFE, of 
 
 out Orders for the March of his Forces the 
 next Day into the City, and that fcveral of 
 his principal Officers fliould attend him the 
 next Mcxrning at his Quarters in White- 
 
 HillL TdiJJ/i iauij aid ^ifil iO I'v'iiii 
 f/: r'ffi ifub ot ,!:iato ■ • 
 
 (XXIIi His Seaetaries fate up kce that 
 Night to form the forementioned Heads into 
 a Letter, ^^hd to tranfcribc Copies of it, one 
 whereof Was fent away Tery early to the 
 Prefs, and the other was to be fign d by the 
 General and his Officers, whereof about fif- 
 teen were come together very early, and the 
 Letter being read to them, they all readily 
 fet their Hands to it, and it was dated Febru- 
 Teb. 1 1 ary 1 1 . The General then commanded Colo- 
 nel Cioberry and Colonel Lidcot to carry it 
 to the Houle. But before his Letter could 
 poffibly he delivered at JVeJiminfterj the Ge- 
 neral had left fVbite-Hallj and went up into 
 London, and there he led his Forces to a 
 Rendezvous in F'tnshury, Fields, having iirft 
 fent away Commi(&ry Clarges and 
 
 to Sir Thomas Allen, then Lc«:d Mayor, 
 with an Account of his coming, defiring him 
 alfo to affign Charters for the Reception of 
 his Army in the City. 
 
 XXIV. The 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 143 
 
 XXIV. The Work which the General and 
 his Forces had maie airw^ng them the Day be- 
 fore, quickly affcded the City with a near 
 Apprehenfion of this his early Return amfocg 
 them this Morning, fo that his MefTengers 
 found but a cold Entcartainment, when they 
 came to talk with the Lord Mayor about 
 Quarters for his Arm^, which he had rather 
 wifh'd were further off! Nor had they any 
 Authority to acquaint him with the Secret of 
 the General's Letter fent this Morning to the 
 JuncSlo. 
 
 XXV. But in Conclufion,the Lord Mayor, 
 having advised with Sir Jt>hn Robinfon, and 
 other principal Citizens, was contented at laft 
 to* receive a Vifit from the General, and to 
 difcourfe with him about quartering his Ar- 
 my. Whereupon a MefTenger was difpatch'd 
 into Finsbury Fields, intreating him to haften 
 his Return (it being now late) to the Lord 
 Mayor's Hfoufc in Leadenhall-ftreet, where 
 his Lordfliip expcdted^ him at Dinner. S<^ 
 foon as he came in he prefently obferv'd, the 
 Interview between rhem was not with that 
 Countenance and Freedom as formerly, which 
 the Lord Mayor in fome Meafure excufed, 
 
 R z from 
 
 1 1 
 
 i ' 
 
 ^ 
 
244 '^^ LIFE of 
 
 from the lateDiforders which had happened in 
 the City. To which the General reply 'd : That 
 his Return this ^ay among them was chief- 
 ly to reEitfy thofe Mifunderftandings^ which 
 had lately arifen betweenr himfelf and the 
 City ; and^ to that End^ entreated his Lord- 
 Jhif to dijpatch away his Orders unto the 
 Aldermen and Common Council^ (which was 
 the fame the JuucSo had diflblved) de firing 
 them to give him a Meeting in the After- 
 7ioon at their Guild- Hall : Which was accor- 
 dingly done before they fat down to Din- 
 ner. 
 
 XXVI. The General met with better En- 
 tertainment at the Lord Mayor's Table, than 
 his Letters had done with the Jundo at IVeJi- 
 minfter\ who had been debating upon them 
 all the Morning. The appointing them a de- 
 finite Day for the concluding of their own 
 Seffion, they look'd upon but as a more civil 
 Way of diffolving them. But the filling up 
 the Vacancies of the Houfe by new Eledi- 
 ons, did touch them in the mod tender and 
 eflential Part of their Power and Being ; fince 
 they very well knew, it was Icarce poflible 
 to get fiich Perlbns return'd that would be as 
 violent and mifchievous as themfelves, but 
 
 if 
 
 General Monk. 24J 
 
 if the People were left to their free Choice, 
 (which could not now be hinder'd) they 
 would fiirnifli them with fuch Eledions, as 
 lliould be able to out-vote them in every 
 thing, and haply call them to account for the 
 Villanies they had committed. 
 
 CHAP. XVIIL 
 
 L The JimEio dijfemble their Refentments: 
 IL And fend a Letter of Thanks to the 
 General^ for his ready Obedience to their 
 late Orders^ inviting him to return to 
 White-Hall. IIL The Refentments of the 
 General's Officers towards thefe Mefen- 
 gers of the Jm0o, IV. The General's 
 Command of Temper, V. He meets the 
 Court of Alnermen and Common Council, 
 VL His Sfeech to thm- VIL Great Joy 
 in the City. VIIL The General quarters 
 at the GlafS'Houfi in Bread-ftreet. IX. 
 The Jun£io has the Name of Rump Tar- 
 liament given it. X. 4 Scheme of the 
 Rump Parliament for over-ruling the Ge- 
 neral XI. The Author's Obfervation up- 
 
 R 3 ^'^ 
 
 
 >' 
 
24<J The L I F E of 
 
 ' en the Folly of it, XII. The General re- 
 moves his ^tarters to Drapers-Hall. XIII. 
 The Council of State defire his Return to 
 White-Hall, and the Citizens his Conti- 
 nuance among them: XIV. Applications 
 to him from all Tarties% XV. But par- 
 ticularly from the fecluded Members. 
 XVI. A general CharaBer of the fecluded 
 Members, XVII. At a Conference betivcen 
 fome of the fecluded Members^ and as many 
 
 ^ of the JunBo ; the JunEio give their Rea- 
 fons againji the Readmiffion of the others, 
 XVIII. The Anfuser of the fecluded Mem- 
 bers> XIX. One great difficulty 'isjhich 
 ohflruEled their Union, XX. ATropofal 
 of the General's for the Removal of that 
 difficulty. 
 
 I 
 
 H 
 
 TH E governing and abjuring Party in 
 the Houfe, who had all along been 
 jealous of the General, began now to magnify 
 their own Politicks, in the Profped of his De- 
 fcdion ; w^hilft the more .temperate among 
 them were as ready to accufe the other's vi- 
 olent and extravagant Proceedings, which 
 had enforc'd him to ufe thefe Methods with 
 them. But knowing themfelves unable (hav- 
 ing given him the Poflefllon of the City) to 
 
 deal 
 
 General Monk. 247 
 
 deal with him bjrFerce, they were refolv'd to 
 over-reach him by their Difltmulation. And 
 therefott, concealing all Reibntment of his 
 Letter, they appointed their two ufual evil 
 Angels, Scot .and R^mfin, to attend him in 
 the Crty, -where. tbey,^ow>d ,ljim at the Lord 
 Mayor's Houfe, prefeotly after they bad rifen 
 
 fromDianer. v.^'^O ' '■'.' 
 
 ... - (i'.',/ '• 
 
 IT. They acquainted hira with the Thanks 
 of the Houfe for his faithful Service, in fecur- 
 ing the Peace of the Cky . And that, before 
 the Receipt of his Letter, they were debat- 
 in<T upon Qiialifications of fuch Members as- 
 Ihould be chofen for the filling up the Houfe, 
 which fliould be difpatch'd as fpeedily as their 
 other weighty Affairs would give them Lei- 
 fore : Concluding with the Parliament's efpe- 
 cial Confidence and Eftimation of him, and 
 inviting his Return again to White-Hall. 
 
 in. The Officers who were prefent, could 
 not dinremble their Difcontents againft the 
 Tun^o* but charged them with Perfidy 
 and Ingratitude; and th^t they were defign- 
 ing rather to put themfelves into the Prote- 
 dtion of their late Enemies, than to oblige the 
 Army which had reftored them, And thole 
 ■f R ^ Onicers 
 
 i 
 
148 ne LIFE of 
 
 Officers efpecially, whofe CommifTions had 
 been vacated in Scotland by the Jundo's Au- 
 thority, (though tliey were yet continued in 
 their Command by the fole Authority of the 
 General) had not parted with their Difcon- 
 Itcnts and Revenge againft them. 
 
 IV. The General, whofe Cunnine it was 
 to exprefs his own Refentments by the Paf- 
 iion of his Officers, was not dilplcas'd with 
 this their Freedom, nor did he concern himr 
 felf to moderate their Heats ; but, after his 
 grave and folemn Manner, he at laft told Mr. 
 Scot and Mr. Robinfon^ That if the Parlia- 
 ment "ji^ere f leafed to pirfue the Advice of 
 his Letter^ in ijftting out their Writs by 
 Friday next for filing up the Houfct all 
 ivould be very well, nor 'would there be any 
 Caufe of further Sujpicion among them. But 
 this free and fmart Difcourfe of the Scotch 
 Officers to thefe two Senators, was fb diffi:- 
 rent from thofe Obfervances which had been 
 paid to them, when they march'd together 
 towards LondoUy that they took their Leave 
 not over-well fatisfy'd, and return'd back tp 
 IVeflminfier. 
 
 V. So foon as they were gone, the General 
 
 was 
 
 General Monk. 249 
 
 was mindful of his Appointment, for meet- 
 ing the Court of Aldermen and Common 
 Council at GutU-Ualh whither he was con- 
 du<aed by the Lord.Mayor, through an mfi- 
 nite Multitude of People, who, upon the 
 News of his intended coming thither, were 
 affembled, in Expedation of fome great No. 
 velty from him. The Copy alfo ot his Let- 
 ter to the Jundo, which in the Morning had 
 been fent to the Prefs, was before this Time 
 publickly expofed ia Print. 
 
 VI At his coming the General, having 
 friendly faluted this Affembly of princiiul 
 Citizens, told them : That the laji Ttme he 
 was among them he had fubmitted to the 
 moft faftidious Employment of hts whole. 
 Life ; the Execution of which was as con- 
 trary to his own Inclinations, as the Obliga- 
 tions he had to their City: That being f aft 
 and done, he could only be forry for thofe 
 J fronts which had been fut ufon them a- 
 sainft his Will. That this 'Day he had re- 
 fold to render a fuller Anf^er to thetr 
 Letters, than he was able to do at Morpeth, 
 where he received them ; and, in Compliance 
 with their "Defires then, he had this Morn- 
 im written to the Tarliament, to ifue out 
 ^ their 
 
 
lyo The L I FE of 
 
 their Writs ^ within feven Tiaysy for fiUijig 
 up their Houfe^ and by the Jixth of May 
 Tiext to Mjfolve their Ajfembly ; and thereby 
 to make Room for the fitting down of a fall 
 and free Tarliament. In the interi?n he 
 was refolved to quarter his Army in their 
 Cityy and to continue himfelf ^mong them^ 
 stiU he faw how the Contents of his Letter^, 
 and the Tkfires of the City and Nation^ were 
 performed, mu* i\- ^jsuAjs 
 
 VII. The Acclamations of that great and 
 numerous AfTembly of Grecians at the Ijlh- 
 mian Games, when Flaminius unexpedledly 
 proclaim'd Liberty to all theCitiesof Gr<?^r^, 
 was hardly greater than the Joy of the City 
 upon the News of their Deliverance from the 
 Bondage of this Jundo. It is not eafy to lay, 
 whether the Citizens were more furpriz'd with 
 what the General told them this Day, or 
 what they had fufTer'd by his Soldiers the 
 Day before, when their Pofts and Chains 
 were remov'd, and their Gates and Port-cul- 
 lices broken down. But the Hopes of feeing 
 fo fpeedy an End put to the Parliament, and 
 the convening of another, was fo welcome 
 News, that all Places were prefently filled with 
 an uaiverfal Joy and Exultation ; and Quar- 
 
 pers 
 
 General Monk. ijt 
 
 ters were prefently fct out for the General's 
 Regiments, which hitherto had flood ail Day 
 on their Arms, but now Meat and Drink was 
 fent to them from aimoft every Houfe in the 
 City. -^ ' 
 
 VIII The Gcaeral, having done his Buft- 
 nefs 2xGuiU^HaiW took Lea^^e of tlie Citi- 
 zens, who exprefs'd a very particular Satisfa- 
 aion and Confidence in him. And from 
 thence he went to the Bull-Head Tavern m 
 Cheapfide, where he order'd the Quarters of 
 his Forces, and the fettling the Guards that 
 Nioht, for the Security of the City. From 
 whence he went very late to quarter, for the 
 prefent, at the Glafs-Houfe in Broad^Jlreet ^ 
 which having only Accommodation for his 
 own Perfon, his principal Attendants, and 
 fome Officers that were always near him, 
 were forced to fit up all Night, and watch 
 with his Guards. 
 
 IX But before this, the Apprentices and 
 common People, in Deteftation of the Jundo, 
 (CO whom they had given, this Night, the lalt- 
 ing Name of the Rump Parliament) had let 
 all the Bells in the City on ringing, and kin- 
 dled Bonefires in every Street, which contmu- 
 
 i ed 
 
 1 « 
 
 =*== 
 
 =ji 
 
2J2 Tie LIFE of 
 
 cd till Morning; and this Saturday Night, 
 JFr^. I X February 1 1 . was called the roafting of the 
 Rum^, 
 
 X. But leaving now the General in his 
 Qiiarters, and the Citizens to their Jollity, 
 we will retreat a little while, (though late) to 
 JFefiminJler^ and fee what this new named 
 Rurap Parliament had, this Afternoon and 
 Evening, been doing there. When their Mef- 
 fengers, Scot and Rohhifou^ return'd from the 
 General out of the City, they gave the Houfe 
 an Account of his Adions there, and with 
 what Difcourfe they had been entertained by 
 his Officers, which led them into further Jea- 
 loufy, both of the General and his Army; in- 
 fomuch that they call'd for the late Order of 
 their Houfe, appointing five Commiffioners 
 for the governing of the Army, to be read to 
 them ; whereupon they ftruck out Overton^ 
 becaufe, being abfent at //////, he could be of 
 no Ufe to them, and put in Colonel Alured^ 
 who was upon the Place. Three of thefe 
 five were to make a Riorum ; but it being 
 mov'd, that General Mofik might be always 
 one of the three for the Riorum y upon 
 the Vote it was carry 'd againft him: So that, 
 though they durft not take away his Com- 
 
 million 
 
 General Monk. ijj 
 
 miffion in Terminis, yet in Effed and Con- 
 fequence they had done it ; for Sir Arthur 
 Hazlerig, Alured, and Walton, were at any 
 Time fufficient to over-rule General Monk 
 and Colonel Morley. And thus they thought 
 they were even with him, for enforcing them 
 to fill up their Houfe, and to determine their 
 Seffion at a Day. 
 
 XI. The prefent Age has fufficientlj^ ex- 
 posed the Villainies of thefe Men, but Pollc- 
 rity will laugh at their Follies alfo: For tho' 
 the little Foplins of their Party have magni- 
 fy'd them as the prime Politicians of the 
 World, yet this was an Inftance of their 
 weak and impotent Malice, by fo foolifli a 
 Revenge, to provoke a great and powerfiil 
 General, who had an Army fo much at his 
 Devotion, and was poflefs'd of the City, 
 where he had been too nimble for them, by 
 recovering in an Inftant his Eftimation among 
 the People, and leaving the Odium of what 
 he had done upon themfelves : So that now 
 he was in a Condition to baffle them, and all 
 the CommiiTioners to boot; and to defpife 
 the Weaknefs of their Rage, in (hewing their 
 Teeth when they durft not bite. 
 
 But 
 
 
 -.^M^Jtii 
 
254 77.^ LIFE of 
 
 But though rhe prevailing Fadion of the 
 Rump Parliament had been fo inconfiderate 
 as to difoblige him, yet the Geueral was too 
 dilcreet to take any piiblick Notice of it at 
 prefent, having many other Irons in the.Fire; 
 nor was his own Army (though in a good 
 Tendency towards it ) yet fiilly brought to 
 that Reiolution and Temper he aimed at. 
 
 '-/"iU 
 
 XIT. But this Difconrenr, arifing between 
 the Juqdlo and General Monk's Army, was 
 very welcome News to thofe other Forces 
 under Fleetwood and Lambert^ who now e- 
 fteem'd their own Infolencies juftify'd, when 
 they difcern'd the Army from Scotland^ 
 which the Honfe had fo much rely'd upon, 
 were hkely alfo to quarrel with them. Nor 
 were they without Hopes, if the Jealoufies 
 Ihould encreafe, to make their own Advan- 
 tage thereby, and that their old Mafters would 
 be enforced to feek Prote<fiion from them a- 
 gainft General Monk ; who yet was more 
 wary and confiderate, than to let things run 
 to fuch Extremity, as lliould give any other 
 Party Advantage upon him. 
 
 We had left him in his ftrait Quarters at 
 
 the Glafs-Houfe ; but now, the following 
 
 Week, he removed thence to T)rafers'Hallj 
 
 ^ where. 
 
 General Monk. 25J 
 
 where, with the Addition of another large 
 Houfe (of Alderman Wale's) adjoining, he 
 had Convenience enough for the Reception of 
 all his Attendants, and for the quartermg of 
 his Guards. ^ 
 
 XIII And now the RvJmp ParliamcDt, 
 finding they were too weak to deal with him 
 either by Tricks or Force, continu'd their fur- 
 ther Applications and Meffages to him. The 
 Council of State alfo, February 13. invited "«*•' 3 
 him aeain to aflitt them with his Prcfence and 
 Counfels ; to which he return'd Anfwer the 
 Day foUowing : That till the Oaths were 
 -withdrawn y he could not fojfihly attend 
 them; but, for the frefent, hts Contmuance 
 in^ the City was furthernecefaryy becaufeof 
 thofe "Difcontents there, which were occafi-, 
 ened^ themfelves, having diftributedfeven 
 thoufand Arms out of their Stores into the 
 Hands of Anabaptitts, and other dangerous 
 Fanaticks; and that his owU Forces were 
 areatly alarm' d, till the fe Arms were agam 
 recall'd. But the Jundo, and CouncU of 
 State, were not more importunate to reco- 
 ver him again to PThtte-Hall, than the Citi- 
 zens were to perfuade his Continuance among 
 them, as being moft for his own Safety, as 
 
 welt 
 
 
||! 
 
 
 1^6 rioe LIFE of 
 
 well as theirs. At the fame Time he was al- 
 fo inform'd of feveral ill Pradices againft him, 
 contriv'd by fbme in the Council of State, in 
 fending feveral Male-contents, and other vio- 
 lent Sedraries about the Counties where Fleet- 
 U'ood's Army quartered; pofTefllng them with 
 Jealoufies againft General Alonk and his For- 
 ces ; that they had enter'd into fecret Defigns 
 with the City of London, to alter the Go- 
 vernment, and to introduce the King. Some 
 of thefe Reports he took publick Notice ofj 
 others he contcmn'd. 
 
 XIV. During his Abode in his Quarters 
 at ^raferS'Halli he was continually befet 
 with Applications to him from the feveral 
 Interefts in the City, and from the Heads of 
 the Presbyterians and Independent Parties; 
 to whom he return'd fuch Anfwers as the 
 Condition of his Affairs would allow. 
 
 • XV. The Mefli^es alfo from Weftmin- 
 fter were ftill daily continued : But, above all 
 the reft, that Intereft in the City and Coun- 
 try, which the General could beft triift, had 
 now begun very powerful AddreiTes to him, 
 for the reftoring the formerly feduded Mem- 
 bers. The General had before refolv'd to ac- 
 
 complilh 
 
 General Monk. 157 
 
 complilh his Defign of introducing the Mo-, 
 nar(^y by other Methods ; but findii^ it to 
 be the univerfal Inclination of a powerful In- 
 tereft to readmit the fecfoded Members* he 
 besan to approve of it, as thcmoft fafe and 
 eafy Step he could poflibly make forward at 
 this time: Only he very well knew the Jun- 
 «ao, now fitting, would be rather wiUmg to 
 fill up their Houfe by new Eledlions (a great 
 Part whereof might probably be?^ew-comers) 
 than confent to the Return of thefe fecluded 
 Members, whom they had formerly difpblig- 
 ed by fo impudent and injurious a Seclufion. 
 He confider'd alfo that the EngUJh Army, 
 who had been the Inftruments of that Vio- 
 lence, would grew very apprehenfive upon 
 the News of their Return : Nor was he per- 
 fcdWy well fatisfy'd in the Inclination of his 
 own Officers. But refolviog to make lOmc 
 EflTay, how far the Contrivance would go, he 
 was contented to receive the Vifits from fe- 
 veral of thofe fecluded Members, having Ihll 
 order'd the Bufmefs fo, that fomc of his Oft- 
 cers Ihould be prefent at the Difcourfe. 
 
 XVI These Gentlemen were moftly of 
 the Presbyterian Intereft, and fome of them 
 had been bufy enough in beginnii^ the Mif- 
 
 S fortunes 
 
 
 l\\ 
 
 I 
 
 [ 'i 
 
 
i 
 
 i 
 
 258 The LIFE of 
 
 fortuftes of their Kii^ and Country ; but were 
 now grown wifer, by the Experience of f heir 
 Miftakes, and the Miferies of a Civil War, 
 which Lid ended in almoft their own undo- 
 ing, as well as the Death of the King. Some 
 cf them alfo were PcrfonS of good Eftate, and 
 Quality, and eafily apprehended the Infecu- 
 f ity of their Condition and Fortunes, whilft a 
 violent Jan<ao of Robbers and Republicans 
 governed at Wefiminfler^^tA^nt iiipported 
 by an Army of needy and boifterous Fana- 
 ticks. They now faw clearly there was no 
 way left to fettle the Nation, but by reftor- 
 ing the Monarchy ; only they would firft fit 
 it to their Church Difcipline, and meltdown 
 the Crown into a new Form, wA reduce the 
 Sceptre to a Length of their own. For the 
 Profecution of thcfe Ends, they were as eager 
 to be again fihgering the Government, as the 
 Jundo, then fitting, were to keep them out 
 of it. Rit being Men of much better Morals 
 and Principles than raioft of the other ; they 
 had the Prudence to propofe their o'wii Re- 
 admilTion with that Moderation and Temper, 
 as was very acceptable to the General and 
 his Officers. Thfey a<R«'d them, that their 
 Return would not interfere with the General's 
 Declaration in Scotlandy in behalf of the Par- 
 
 - . 8 liamcnt 
 
 General MoKk. 159 
 
 liament as it fet OBober 7. for it was ftill the 
 fame ParUameot that v?Guld be continued. 
 They convinc'd them that havwg, by the 
 fMue Declaration, undertaken, to fujtged the 
 Military Power in Obedience to the Civil, 
 they had! oblig'd tboefelves to f^pwe their 
 Readmiflton, fmce theybadbew rempv'dfrpm 
 their plains by the YiQieuce of the Army. 
 
 \ ' < ■ J : , i , 
 
 XVIJ.. The General and his Officers were 
 fo well fatisfy'd with this Propafal, that, in 
 the next Place, they were refolv'd to hear whap 
 could be alledg'd againft them. To that pur- 
 pofe it was agreed, that fome of thefe fecluded 
 Members ihould meet at a Conference with a 
 like Number of thofe now fitting, which was 
 accordingly done oxySiLturdayFeb, i8. theGe- ^th, \% 
 neral and his Officers being prefcnt. Where it 
 was pretended by thofe now fitting, that fincq 
 the Removal of the fecluded AJembers^ {o 
 many things had beeadone, both as to Change 
 of the Government, Liberty of (j^onfejapce, and 
 the Sale of publick Lands, as was likely to 
 be all interrupted and difordered again, by 
 the Remra of thefe Members, tp ,tbe further 
 Prejudice, and reta^g th? Setde^jeji* of the 
 Commpn-wealtb. 
 
 I 
 
 
 r 
 
 T« 
 
 ~\. 
 
1 
 
 i6o 77je L I F E of 
 
 r rnriofh 
 XVIII. To this the ftGiuded Members re- 
 ply 'd: That they \Toaid'bor bring with them 
 their Paflions nor Rte^h^e Into the Hbufe, 
 nor coilcitor themfel\Jes 4A any Man's Pro- 
 perty,^ tibr^dfe Tii^ lii'^efleding back upon 
 xvhat'hid^beeii' done ialrJieir long Abfence; 
 but would dire<St all' thqirt Thoughts forward, 
 in purfuing fuch Counfels as might lay a bet- 
 ter Foundati6ft' of Seitttment to the Common- 
 wealth; and leave things in feme good Or- 
 der, fof the fiirrher Endeavour of the Parlia- 
 ment which fliould fucceed them. Moft of 
 thofe Gentlemen from the Jundto, were of 
 the moderate Party in the Houfe, who were 
 weary'd with the Extravagancies of their 
 Fellows, and would be contented to ftrcng- 
 then their Intereft by the Accefllon of the fe- 
 •cluded Members. But becaufe the Inclination 
 of the Houfe tould not be given but by their 
 Vote in 'Parliament, they parted on both 
 Sides wfthout coming" to any final Agree- 
 ment^. '^"^ ^baii.l-}\jil(ivn -•• ii ami 
 ^tjci lD tx. ftA vn£ ekq s ^t^bf i 
 XIX. When they were withdrawn, the 
 Genfeial'^nter'd McJrftirtber DifcGwde with 
 his Officers, where fevcral of theiri wdfe indi- 
 xiablc enough td*dl©fc the fcduded Members. 
 
 ^ i But 
 
 General Monk. r6i 
 
 But others among them, of the Independent 
 Perfiiafion, (who had been taraper'<i ^^^^^ ^Y 
 the Heads Qf their. Party )beg*ii tftfteinijrup' 
 <?n it, unlels thofe. Menaber* woujd ^y^ S?cu- 
 rity, to declare fpr;tb^vGwern«iefl?.„of a 
 Gopamon-wealth, audil-ikrty ,Qf Coalcience, 
 and. that they would i:pMenS tp:jj,.fq?sher Ad 
 for Confirms,tioia i3f.pubUck Sales, t^ii, 
 
 XX! To fatisfylhcfe Scruples, -ia, thofe 
 who offer'd them>.;;the General appointed 
 jhrc^-Perfons of bis.pjrincipal Truft, tp debate 
 thefe Points further .wjd3 feme pf the fcduded 
 Members, in aCoitfereoce next Day; which 
 was to be held at Mr, JmeJiy'sHoaik. (flie^'*' 
 prefenc Earl of ^Jngkfey.) Tiie :ftcl9ded 
 Members were not .willir^ to- depart, from 
 their firft .Length ; but^ - upon a further. De- 
 batev gave . them firefli lAflurance, aW ?hey 
 would make no Alttration in iheiprjgfeokQo- 
 vemment, but leave that Pojiic whoUy %o the 
 nc)tt Pailiampnt. A9d,-^r an AS to.^n- 
 fxrm the Sale of publick Lknds,_they w^renot 
 yet refolv'd to pafs any Ad at all. But, that 
 there might ba no Jicalottfy upon^hem,/ they 
 were ooutem:. to ke iiwitsd in th§ .chief PomtS 
 they fliould confult.upp«;.M ^^ pn?MffHth's 
 
 Time,! tcLcoftdujk lltfaii ^i9Pua<>05 
 
 .•■ •• '■-■■ ■ ■ Si "' 
 
 i 
 
 '9 
 
^6^ The LIFE of 
 
 \%* ml 
 
 C H A R OCIX. 
 
 tm'(5Uer^9m^ex\^^^ the AdmiJTion 
 of t^ir ^ftcUlded Mimbers, upon certain 
 
 ' rerrA^ ; II. ft^kh hhp fftbmit to, IIL 
 7%ey^ati adrnttied'tntb the Houfe, IV. 
 
 ' The ^'Behdviotir of \Wjun6ie iipon their 
 Admijfmfi. ^'V .the 'Lords dtfbdefre to be 
 rejfcredt& their ^eat^f. VI. The General 
 declares that he has no Intention to alter 
 the pf^ef^Ht ConJtltmiAt ^ vf 'a fre^ ' 'States 
 or Comfnon-wedkh^' in order W fet up 
 Charles Smixiiri^Mf'Jmp VII. 
 
 He is made Comfnander in Chief i)f alt the 
 Lahd^Forces^ bnVinihe iVkl^^Mountague 
 is joined with him. VIII. Sir George 
 Jtdotfi" ^d other} ' difchar^d from Impri- 
 fmtment^ and\jdca^ili7nprijbn'd, IK. The 
 
 ■ Oath^of Jbfier at ibn'vbfid downy and the 
 "Co'iincU of State \ dkdthier bein% appointed^ 
 
 ' Wjf^of'whotn'i^^^ the 
 
 tifig. X. J/r^Willikm Morriee W;^/>r^^ 
 dr^'DomeftcttH y^GetiffUrr^ar- 
 
 ters. 
 
 tt. 
 
 ^^^■r>^\%i!;5 «'0d-^ StM 
 
 c* ■* 
 
 
 I. A tt this wTiifc\li« tJeiiei^ AVas Veiy 
 
 X\ uneafy in the pr^ftttt Stare of things. 
 
 From the JuniJo nov^ fittif^ he ixpdd^d no 
 
 ''• good: 
 
 General Monk. t6^ 
 
 good: The Englijh Forces in the Country 
 began to be mutinous 5 and Ibme of his own 
 Officers, by long delibocating, were grown 
 more unfettled. . So.that herwasoow.refolvi 
 €d, witliouD farther.Cetefflpny, to pat, ftrtMJ 
 Stay to the Cbutfepf things, by, admitting 
 the feckKied Mf ipbers. V To that F^od, Mm^ 
 My February xp. he defM a Meeting a-Fciie 
 gain with them, and had- appointed J>qrAr. 
 tides to be drawn . ready, which . flioijld be 
 fiibfcribed- by all that wc^c - prefent, and by 
 thofe alfo who were abfent, before they 
 were admitted into the Houfe. -» - 
 
 First, To fettle the ConduB of the Ar- 
 mies in the three Nationsy fo as night heft 
 fecure the "Peace of the Common-wealth. Se- 
 condly, To provide for the Suffort of the 
 Forces by Sea and Land, aU Money alfo for 
 their Arrears, and the Contingencies ofthi 
 Giyvernment. Thirdly, To conJiitute.aCom^ 
 al of State for the Civil Government of 
 Scotland and Ireland,! and to ijBfue out Writs 
 for the fumnming a Parliament to meet at 
 Weftminfter the 20"' <?/ April. Fourthly, r» 
 confent to their own "Difohttion by a Tme 
 that jhmU be limited to them. r - # ^ 
 
 fy T7 i 
 
 IL So foon as they were aifeoablcd, the 
 
 S 4 Articles 
 
2(>4 TleL I F E of 
 
 Articles wcrt read to them, and willingly fub- 
 fcribod by all then |>rc(bn% who were lb very 
 wdl fatisfy'd wirfiJthi^ Method he had taken, 
 that they promised to give him aCpmrniflion 
 of Cepffcal ioven all ^dbe Fbrcesi iU) ib« ■ Cibree 
 Nacioii^i both byaSoa ^uod/Land. Which in- 
 deed at this Time ivVasr aifo; a'feafanable Of- 
 fer ;- for Jiis old one granted by> the Jundo 
 being (confin'd to ^hco^x^jof Februitry^ was, 
 tQ cxpii)!^ within two ©ays^v^ I ,^\i3v t 
 'aAT> their |>arting with liim, the GeneraLiii" 
 treated them to meet him the next Morning 
 at his late (garters ia/f^^/V^-iX?//^ I 
 
 .•;L 
 
 nliiiJi 
 
 M 
 
 Teh, II Th e^ next Morning early he left the City, 
 and his Head-Quarters, to which he never 
 return'd more, and haften d to White-^Hallj 
 where he met the lecludcd Members, whom 
 he entejrtain'd with a.ihort Speech, recom- 
 mendiog to / tl^m. the. Gare lof the Nations, 
 and to ^keep.ithcit. Wordawith him, afluring 
 them, he fl>Quld iiapofe nothing new upon 
 them;owbidi>i.waa puncSualLy .perform-d by 
 him during their whole Seflion. uilAnd then 
 ordcr'd M^or L-A////^,ji«hoi commanded his 
 Guards, to condwdvlhcm into the Houfe of 
 Commons, and divers aUb of his other Offi- 
 cers attended them to the Door, 
 
 IV. This 
 
 Geineulal Monk. i6f 
 
 ■ . . . . • ' * ■' '-'■■'■ . ' ■ ■ " ■■ ' ■ ■ 
 
 IV. Thia Rcfoijaaou -©f' admittii^ ; them 
 that Morning inco ith^ Houfe, was fo^rivate- 
 ly<«arry'il, obahtht i>l*iJi»MaiOJWere lJifH«te- 
 ly farpria'd'afid-.diib»daf'd. wiwa 'diay -few 
 them enter. OThelMiafettOdnA lafc^upkig P*pty 
 prefenrfy foandy^ tb*lt itiwoold; m. *»e worth 
 theic while ito tdep dsejr Sfi«st^itf»nith©Defoie 
 rdi<»ny them CO thefer new ComieiiSi- aad guie- 
 tcd^the Houfe, {bmcf^ehemiiiiltKriBgitheir 
 DJfdontentsagaio^ithe Geo^rai,'*? they went 
 out of the Door- But the • moM flaoderace 
 Party among them colt^iatalat3ed;the^ReturH 
 of the fecluded Members; and both Sides 
 prefcntly apply'd themfeives co their Bafi- 
 
 DCls. • v.. (ill-.' ,'. ■ "' '•^' :••-••- -,- ^ 
 
 V. B u T whilft the fecluded Members of the 
 Houfe of Gommoos were thusearaeftly treati 
 ing with the General for -their JReadpiSflioiH' 
 fpme of the Nobility, tod pilreifcalarly the 
 Earl of Strafmdi were jis LfiJfOJrtunate witfc 
 him for the'«jefteitag"thq LGrd*alfi> to their 
 Seffiooj . rBut - «he -A^aty 'Genial thought the 
 Return of «he •CQnimonfr wAi> as fair and feft 
 a Lengdi as he docfli ajJvfcnttue'-to go iat ©me 
 Socp, refervii^iiheAdiaiffibn of the Peers to 
 
 ./» a tur- 
 
 ■ 
 
i66 The LIFE of 
 
 a further Confideration, and the Temper of 
 that Parliamcat that was. jto iuccecd. 
 
 .-H 
 
 / * 
 
 '•-« -rn ^iA 
 
 VI. The General having thus placed the 
 fecluded Members ? agaift in their Seats, and 
 iearingiwbatDiforders the News thereof might 
 laife ^liohg the diftant Forcies of the Engliflj 
 Army, was refolv'd to fatisfy themprefently 
 witli the Reafon and • Neceility of what he 
 had done, before they fliduld receive any 
 warfe or diflferent Impreffions from others. 
 And to that purpolc he commanded the lame 
 Day a Council of his Officers to attend him, 
 and to draw v^ a fatisfadory Letter to all the 
 remote Forces and Garrifons of the three 
 Nations, concerning the Readmiffion of the 
 fecluded Members; afluring them, that no- 
 thing was thereby intended to alter the pre- 
 fent Conftituion of a free State or Common- 
 wealth ; that without reftoring thefe Matn- 
 l>ers, the prefent Conftitution of the Houfe 
 could raife no Money for Support of the Ar- 
 my and Navy, which now would ht Ipeedily 
 lais'd and lent ta them^ji And the lucceeding 
 Parliament, which was to ^ mtet within two 
 Months, ihould further confirm aU publick 
 Sales and Dilpofitions of lianids in the three 
 
 Nations. 
 
 General Monk. ^67 
 
 Nations. They were then further defired to 
 lend an Officer from their feVerrf Regiments 
 and Garrifons, that might give the Lord Ge- 
 neral M^k an'Acc^mit of their Compliance 
 with him hcreikifn And, that they might ap- 
 prehend no Defigft t)f Aiterari6n «{>^n thent, 
 they wcit alfo ftri^y^!^^i^to;4cK)k aftet 
 dU Perfons dfefigfiitig^ DlfturbahosSift Fafvo«r 
 of Charles Smarh or any other fiflgtePei:- 
 fon, ot intended Authority, and to^glvd sl 
 Accbunt of them to the Parliament or Cotiti- 
 cil of State. This Letter was dated F^*^^«^0> 
 ir. and fign'd by the General, with twelve 
 of his Colonels, fite Lieutenant Colonels, 
 eight Majors, and feme few Caj^ains, and 
 prefently fo many Hands were employed to 
 tranfcribe the Letter, that the fame Night 
 there were Copied enough ftgrfd, and fent a- 
 way TO every Regiment in EnglaHdi and to 
 afl the Commanders in chief x^'Scotlmd and 
 Ireland, 
 
 I 
 
 rf • /■ 
 
 Vir. This- Ni^ the Gcfieralltfc -/Fift/fi?- 
 
 i7<?//, and ietded his Hcati-Qpartefs at St. 
 
 JamesX which, being a Place fomcwhat di- 
 
 ftaht from the City, would fefs et|>ofea*uB to 
 
 VifitSi and Obftrvatio!^ upott him, and 
 
 where he might riwre privately «iake ready 
 
 thole 
 
 I 
 I 
 
4(Jg Troe LIFE of 
 
 t:hofe ferther (ecret C^ntriyairees, which were 
 next to come upon the Stage. ^Here he receiv'd 
 aa Account, SvhatVotis i\\^ Houfo had pais'd 
 that 0ar;' having firft rai'd and cxpuitg'd all 
 thofe Otdets in the^J^fnMsV which had 
 |>cgi made to autho^i^e^ - tiieir Ei^dufton. 
 Next thd^ ^ dcWftitutfed^kfe f:!xr$.dleiu:y Gene- 
 ral -Af<7;/ii Cemmandei^'^i^'CMef over all thp 
 Forces at ^Sea and tati^, Jri England^ S<ot- 
 landy and Ireland, But in the Truft of the 
 Admiralty, they admitted General Mountar 
 gue tp an eqi^al Authority with him, which 
 was the firft falib Step this pewly re-enter'd 
 Parliament made with their Reftorer, having 
 aflur'd hina of the fupreme and entire Com^ 
 mand, both in their Armies and Navy^ withr 
 out a fecond Perfon to Ihare with hfmin p- 
 ther. But of this the General tooJk no noticCi 
 being very ^rell fatisfy'd of the Wortbioefs 
 and good Intentions of hi& Collegue, and 
 having now, befides the Condud of bis ovva 
 Forces, the Care alfo of thole two other Ar- 
 mies in England and Ireland^ which xyere 
 likely tp give him Tro\iblocijough. 
 
 VIII. The Houfe a(fo appointed the Rct 
 leafc of aH thofe XDitizcn9,wha;haibfica.qQm- 
 mitted by^Drdcr of the kteXi^ouncil of State, 
 
 ' and 
 
 General Monk. i^ 
 
 :ind difcharged Sir George ^(?<^A- from his 
 Imprifonment in the Tower, with all thog 
 other Gentlemen alfb that had teen confind 
 with him upon the fame Account, and order d 
 Major General Lambert to be imprifqnd m 
 their rootn. And ^bjo^i^he fame ^Time D^i 
 Eldrm, Bilhep of B^yi who was F^Upw Pri^ 
 fotier wiah General Mon^ in the Tower, w^ 
 released alfo at the General's Mediation, af-- 
 ter.his almoft twenty Years Confinement 
 
 there. 
 
 IX. The Houfe having voted down the 
 late Council of State, with the Oath of Ab- 
 juration, they appointed a new one, (oonfift- 
 ing of thirty one Perfons) to fucceed. Molt 
 whereof, for their Charader, and good Inch- 
 tions towards the King's Service, were ac^ 
 counted of the very choice and Flower of the 
 Affembly, and of this Council the General 
 
 was one. 
 
 :loril 
 
 X The Fame of reftoring the feclude^ 
 Members was qui^ly fpread all over the Na- 
 tion; and they who were already enter'd, dif- 
 patch'd the fpe^dy Advice thereof to their 
 Acquaintauce that were ^bfent in the Coun- 
 tries; who accordingly haftea'd ,t]|eir Return 
 
 mto 
 
 I 
 
 ( 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 
 
I 
 
 270 The LIFE of 
 
 into the Hpufc. Among the reft Mr. Wil- 
 liam Morr ice of T>evonJhirej came up to 
 Londouy who, being ally'd to the General, 
 and alfo particularly recommended to him 
 for his great: Learning and Prudence, by his 
 Brother M\. Nicholas Mauky was retained with 
 him OS a doroeftick Friend in hisQiiarters at St. 
 James% where he became on Inftrument of 
 feveral extraordinary Services t which will 
 follow Jbcrcafter to be related. 
 
 . J 
 
 i, JL 1 
 
 > "' 
 t - 
 
 # ft 
 
 ■,> \\*-: 
 
 ^'^ 
 
 ij>x:> o:) jini^t>d ^wviV 
 .^ .. uoiIliiximoP --.. 
 
 N 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 General Monk. 271 
 
 CHAP. XX. 
 
 I. the General's great Care to fecure the Or 
 bedience of the Armyy and Garr'tfins. 11. 
 The Conditio of Ireland. HI. Colonel CV 
 verton mutmies at Hall, but fuhmits^ and 
 the Garrifbn h gmeu. to Colonel Fairfex. 
 IV. An AB for rmjing me hundred thou- 
 fund bounds a Month for the Suffort ef 
 the Army, and Navy. V. Another A& 
 for fettling the Militia. VI. The Houfe 
 offers to fettle Hampton Court upn the 
 General and his Heirs. VII. As alfo the 
 Government. VIII. Both which he re- 
 jects. IX. The Engagement vacated. X, 
 XI. Some Officers fropfe a 'Declaration 
 againft Monarchy. XII. The 'Defign frn- 
 firated. XIII. Colonel Oakley'j Sfeech for 
 a Common-wealth, without any Houfe of 
 Lords. XIV. Which is effeSlually an- 
 fwer'd by Mr. Moriice. XY.The General 
 forbids any more Affemblies of Officers 
 without his Leave. 
 
 WHILST the Parliament wereeameftly 
 coniulting for the Settlement of the 
 SiatQGeneralM»»i begins to exercife the Au- 
 thority of his new Commiflion, in regulating the 
 
 ArmieSj 
 
 
27 1 The LI F E of 
 
 Annies, now all united under his Command. 
 And becaufe the puWick Safety was lb much 
 inchided inhis own; he was pfevail'd upon 
 to encreafe and fettle his Life-guards, and gave 
 Co\os\A^hHip Htrjsard the Command there- 
 of. '-AlMt^ing ittfeWn'^ that Colonel Rich 
 was praifHring-lbmc Difturbances wfth his Re- 
 giment qnartcr'd at Bury, he lent down Co- 
 lonel higoldsby to fix thofe Troops, and gave 
 him ttte Command of the Regiment. "Def 
 borough'^ Regiment, which the late Jofldo 
 had giren away to Colonel JValtm, the Ge- 
 nerai entrufted to Cokmtl ChariesHotvardy 
 now Earl of CarliJIe, and made him Gover- 
 nor of that Placcf^ ^-And to Major General 
 Morgan he difparclfd a more authentick 
 ConwnifTion for the Government of Scotland., 
 and afterward fcnt him more Forces, for the 
 further Security of that Nation. Neither did 
 the Garrilbns and Caftles in JVaks efcape his 
 Thoughts. He extended his Care to the Se- 
 curity of the more remote VVeftern Counties 
 oi'Devon and C<7r«w/?A and from thence back 
 again to the furtheft Eaft, in the Settlement 
 ol Norfolk and Sttfolk-, all whidi, though 
 jiot done together, we have yet conjoin'd, 
 for the greater Cleaniefs and Eafe of the 
 
 Reader. "^ 
 
 T II. In 
 
 General Monk. 173 
 
 U. In the interim IrekHd gave him no 
 Trouble for the pr^nt, wbete all thirds 
 went very Well thrdugh the Cire of Sir 
 Charles Cwt^ and Sk The<fhihn Jones, and 
 Others. Ludlow was abfent in England, and 
 Sir Hardrefs WaUer Was <pMckiy after fc- 
 cured. 
 
 m. This ex»a<»dinaty Providence of the 
 General, together With the feafonable and 
 prodent Letter, which he had difperfed be- 
 fore to the feveral Forces, had hitherto kept 
 th^n in fome good Order, till Colonel O^ 
 vert on at Hull fell into his Fits of Mutiny 
 andDiftra<aion; who being a zealous Biggot 
 of the fifth MonMchy, and confident of the 
 Strength of the Place, had difperfed feveral 
 Copies of a feditious Letta among the Offi- 
 cers and Regents in the North, one where- 
 of was fent up to the General by Colonel 
 Pairfaxi then Governor of Tork. General 
 Monk was not fo aaach concern'd sAout the 
 Danger of the Man, as the Quality of the 
 Pfctte he hddi and therefore acquainted the 
 Council of State with thefe Pradices and Let- 
 ters, who, together witfr the General, fent 
 down Colonel ^/»r^^ and Major Stnitb with 
 
274 ^^ L I t'E of 
 
 their Letters, commanding him, upon the Re- 
 ceipt thereof; to attend them forchwithatiiw;- 
 doH, and there to give them an Account of his 
 Fears and Jealooees> ^DverUtn found himfelf- 
 forpriz'd much fooner thad hcexpeded; fo 
 that he was enfiDrc'd to fubmit, and deHver up 
 the Garrifon. .This was a Place of impreg- 
 nable Defence and Strength, whither if X<«a- 
 bert had retreated with Part of his Army, af- 
 ter his (garters were broke up n Newcaftlet 
 he might h&ve given all of them Trouble c- 
 nough, before they could have been able to- 
 reduce him. The General was therefore re- 
 fclv'd to intruft this Garrifon in a furc Hand, 
 and committed it to Colonel Fairfax. 
 
 t i' 
 
 IV. Hitherto he had fecured the Sub- 
 miffion of the Armies by an extraordinary 
 Prudence, which now the Parliament took 
 care to confirm, by a Vote of tlieir Houfe; 
 and knowing nothing could fo nauch oblige 
 the Obedience of Soldiers as the Aflurance of 
 their Pay, they pafled an A<a fo? the.raifmg 
 of one hundred thoufand ?omds ^ter Mefi/mi 
 upon England and fTalesr "ffbich was to 
 continue for fix Months, towaids^ d>e Sup-i 
 port of the Aimy ami Navy. ^ 
 
 )i"i 
 
 
 V.Bux 
 
 General Monk. i^c 
 
 /I •■..( 
 
 • V. Bu>r though they had thus provided for 
 thcif Maintetiance, yet they were refblvM al- 
 fo to take care for their own Safety, They 
 forgor hot tha:t the Englifli Mxnj bad %eeQ 
 trainU tifi^^ in Sauciiiefs and fafoience, that 
 they had' been accmft6»y'd(ffliew ♦Tricks at 
 0^eJ/mH/^W&Olo}Mtj^, tor diffolvhig Ibr- 
 mer Parliaments, aiid^ therefore, to-prfevent 
 the like Violence upon them again, tfteypaf. 
 fed another Adt for raifingthe Militia in the 
 City tind Nation, which Was fo vigoroufly 
 carried on iti London^ that they had'prefcnt- 
 ly iBrtledfix good Regiments of Foot, and 
 one of Horfe, befides the auxiliary Forces, 
 being in all twelve thoufand fighting Men. 
 The like Care was alfo ufed in the feveral 
 Counties for the fettling . the Commands of 
 their Train'd-bands and County Troops. 
 
 VI. The Entertainment of the Soldiers 
 being thniprovided for, it Was next thoiaght 
 reafonableto pafs fbrae Vote for tew^arding al- 
 fo the ScrvJec of thdif Gei»sraL And to' that 
 End thofe Common-\veklth*s Men, Members 
 of the late JanCto, thk ff ill kept their Places 
 in the Houfe, beiag'^ddfirous to oblige the 
 General to their Side, or that nothing might 
 : H ^r X ^ be 
 
r-j6 The LIFE of 
 
 be left to fopport a fingle Perfon, propound- 
 cd to fettle, by kdi of Parliament, upon him 
 and 'his Heirs, the Maiwur and Honour of 
 Hamftm-Conrty With -the P-arks and Lands 
 i>eIon^g to it; ' whicW tife "ifiUamies of thofe 
 Times bad BQt yet Ivi^afiawcd ; having been 
 tcferv'd Arfd theiP3S«v«%^the.latc Ufurper 
 Crmwelf'fot his^wa' ConvcnJeoce. And 
 the' the fecluded Members, who had been re- 
 ftoiedby the General, could not de^aitly re- 
 fufe the Propofal, yet himfelf utterly dcclin- 
 «1 the iirft Motion of it. But the Houfe 
 having gone (b far in it, they then engaged 
 to gratify him with the Svun of twenty thou- 
 fand Pounds. -■^P^-'^ 
 
 Vn. Th o u o H he had rcfus'd the Gift of 
 
 the Crown- Lands, yet ibme of thofe who had 
 
 been concern'd in the Murder of the late 
 
 King, and others who had cut themfelves 
 
 large Thongs out of the Royal Dan^nsi, had 
 
 the Confidence to tamper with him about af- 
 
 (liming the Government, io his own Perfon. 
 
 And, amoi^ the xe&,' ^tX/irthur- -Hazieng 
 
 (to preclude the Reftoration. of die King) 
 
 offered him one hundred thoulaod Hands that 
 
 fiiould fiibictibe to hi^Tid^aii-Uts'l i 
 
 GeX£ral Monk. i^ryr 
 
 
 ~<kX 
 
 VIK. It 
 
 .-> t.^'-M. 
 
 t L>' % JL X JL i A 'J 
 
 > i *a i 1 » 
 
 VIII. I T may feei» ftrange, that (hey who 
 every wher^ <^fet)veHd their Jealoufies againft 
 him, for refloriiif t^hfe Kiagi ihppWi BQJ^Jthinfc 
 Ae might ibe pfefiiu^dted^^t ^p,hi|pfcl£ Bot 
 fince^ Aey to^^^^fe io]£^rmpB tti? S>«%Q >y 
 iu^eftfiDg5i?he fsiijierj? vtbey lia^feqristly <;onh 
 trived Ms Ruifobjrv'lim Offer of the htX^Qt. 
 And ttey who'thus offi€ioufly^ celmpHrheHtcd 
 his Ad vancementi would have been the iirft 
 Rebels againft him. But the General, who 
 was immovable in bis fecret Refokition and 
 Allegiance for reftoring the King, abhorred 
 the Thoughts of this Propofal, and gave them 
 fb cfofe and pofitive an Anfwer, as he was 
 refolv'd ihould put aa End to all further Ad- 
 drefles of that Nature. 
 
 * - - 
 
 IX. The Houfe was all this while bufy in 
 fettling the Afiairs of the Nation for the Con- 
 tenictK^ of the iiiccecding Parliak^^ and, 
 among other tlrings,^aboiit the i s^k^ of March March 
 they vacated the Oath called tht Engagements^ ^ ^* 
 which about ten Yeats before, was impoled 
 1^0 the People^ abd to he taken by all Mem- 
 bers of PafliameiltibefiM?e thcik Admifllon to 
 
 fit in the Houfe. But the folemn League and 
 ::CoVBiiant (the Engine or Sacrament of fo 
 
 T 3 • many 
 
1 
 
 178 Tioe LI F E of 
 
 many Mifchiefs) ftill hung upon the Wall of 
 their Houfe, as the Palladium of the Place, 
 where moft of themf^efent might read their 
 own Names fobfcribed^ to it, till a fucceeding 
 ParUament, two Years aftei*, went backward, 
 and covered the Shame of their Predeceflors, 
 by a Vote 0^ tlitir Houfe', commanding it to 
 be taken down, and diflblv'd the Charm it 
 had put upon ' the Nation, by burning the 
 Witch. ••-.'. 
 
 X. Though the Proc(?edings of the Par- 
 liament and the General were managed with 
 a very extraordinary Clution, yet the unquiet 
 Officers of the Army began to be jealot* and 
 apprehenfive of their own Danger. They were 
 highly alarmed with two late Votes of the 
 Houfe,the Ad for fettling theMilitia through- 
 out the Nation, they efteem'd a Defign to ba- 
 lance or Mailer the Power of the (landing 
 Army ; and their late Order for diflblving 
 the Engagement, which hitherto had been 
 the Bafis of the Conftitution of the Common- 
 wealth, feem'd to them as a preparatory Con- 
 trivance for changing the Govfernmen^.* Not 
 were they better contented with the fete Me- 
 thods of the Generalyin declining fo fair an 
 Offer of the Crown-Lands, and afterwards of 
 
 the 
 
 eneralMonk. 279 
 
 the Government it Jelf Their own Ambi- 
 4:ibtl and Avarice w^^W have skip'd at a much 
 lower Bait rwliicfe led them iato a deeper Suf- 
 pfeion of thie General's Refiifal^ as a Contri- 
 vance of goiog taft^ better Market, hy reftor- 
 Ing the Mo^aarchy ; YV^hich would i^ertainly 
 put ai» End ta their infolent Dontunion over 
 Parliaments and Peopk^^^d expofe their Necks 
 to anfwer for their Guilt and Villainies, in mur- 
 dering the King, and changing the Government. 
 
 XL Such Apprehenfions as thefe had fo 
 far poflefs'd thefe difcontented Officers, that 
 they had appointed a Meeting thereupon; 
 where it was unanimoufly refolv'd to draw 
 up a Declaration, which Ihould be firft fign'd 
 by the General and themfelves, and then of- 
 fered to the Parliament. The chief Point 
 whereof was, to declare ^ainft McMiarchy, 
 and the Dominion of any fmgle Perfon under 
 whatfoever Title or Pretence, but that the 
 Government 0f thefe Nations fliould continue 
 and remain as a Common-wealth and Free- 
 State; and that the pf^fentHoufe fhould pafs 
 ^n h!^ to eftabl^h this fundamental and un- 
 alterable Conftitutipn, in fuch manner as no 
 fucceeding P^rlia^meait fliould prefume to 
 change or al^er it, other wife they would not 
 
 T 4 hold 
 
 t 
 
riM 
 
 280 the LIFE of 
 
 hold themfel)?)?s. oW|g;d Sp proteiS^ |hcir Au- 
 thoiity, Spxne of theiP: prcfcntly attended 
 the: Geo^aJ m^\i this ;P^r > defiring his 
 Confcut aod AUowajw^^jiiUpon the Pemfal 
 wheireo^^^i)^,^ hard.tp^yiWhcther be was 
 mosc difpkas'd or ftur^z'd^^^Butrcfolving to 
 conceal Jv^l©;\j(;jPifliKe,l^ be qould fruftrate 
 the Effe<a ^iMy he <;)rtl^rTtoW them, that to 
 Mprrc^ t|i?rpjWp»J4 bs igene Council of 
 oliciers^c the Head'Qjiairtjer^, where hede- 
 fired their Paper fliould be further examined 
 and confidered. 
 
 GEKERivi 
 
 NK.^ 
 
 281 
 
 lO <i:»I' 
 
 XII. This Declaration of the feditious 
 Commarders was fo dircdiy levelled againft 
 all the General's next Contrivances, as great- 
 ly coacern'd him. So that he prefendy ad- 
 vised with his ulual Confidents, how to pre- 
 vent 4;be,Progrefe of this Pefign; and there- 
 upoa conuxaanded all his own Officers that he 
 coqld.b^ truft^ to be prefent, and over-rule 
 it. Hctbad before made Mr. Mifrrke a Mem- 
 ber of thp^rflay, by giving hiin tkt GoMcrn^- 
 mtx^qt^knmth^ dSgwg tlia:d>y to em-- 
 ploy Ins Pru^gjce gndTcajpertn inoderaring 
 thefe AfleBobiies, fiuit beiog a <5cntlemffli that 
 had,^je«c W'J^ii^e ip tW.$SI^ 
 andS^idics^-it rcndei'd him uneafy in th? 
 
 Company 
 
 Company of feh i^ude i&id daihbrotis Con- 
 ventions - QoxM^i^^^arges^-^ alfo di- 
 reaed isot be ipr€^,'%BttV b£^hfe ibt^ Era- 
 ploy n^ent, had fii'^ra^liifa'th^'^^ 
 that he was not ^^Ijf^o^e^rurt dbwn pjr iin.- 
 pos'd upon by thofe^'^Sdterit HikiMl^iil: • So 
 that attio6gft thoft teti^'S^feoi^dliSi^ -Ser- 
 vices wfcich the^CAMmiiftiy had^^^ 
 all thisDefign^ tbe'Bflan^emeht of tfiifs Day's 
 Conference was veryiJdiMdarabie, wherein he 
 proceeded with that Reach and Dexterity, as 
 fdenced the Jealoufies of thofe People, and 
 baffled the Contrivance. 
 
 XIIL The next Morning, htmg March March 
 1 5*. a confiderable Party of the Officers were ^ ^* 
 ready at St. J^m^s^s; and Colonel Oakley^ 
 (who could better irfe his Sword than his 
 Tongue, in Defence of their Common- 
 wealth) began a long and querulous Story 
 of thdf Fears and Mtettfies : thdf their good 
 old CoH/e^ warlike i^Uhft In the Lurch \ 
 and fiich TXefigfii ^er^ njm^jm^Fi&t: for 
 changing t^ Govi^pHmfntj as^inUftiehef^^ 
 rlly determine in r^^^ng thi KH^ Buty 
 to obmatetbefep'Oiu^^E^ no 
 
 other Way y but^s^kUi^ the frlfenpyun£{d 
 todeclaare infimtlyjhr the unakerabU Con- 
 tinuance 
 
 
,8i The LIFE of 
 
 tmiiance of a Free-Statei mith&ut any Honfe 
 of Lords', dry upon their RefUfah to take 
 fme other Methods for the Safety of the 
 Commn-wealth: So great- a Statcfman was 
 this Chandler of ^i/Zi^^T^*^*^ grown. 
 
 XIV. To air which Coiibtniflary C/«rgw an- 
 fwer'd in a dofe andwell-witought Reply. TZ»/?^ 
 their frefent Jealouftes and Affrehenfions 
 were only imaginary; that they had taken 
 their Meafures 'u;rong,if they thought to make 
 tmy Advantage of this Tarliament, by ruffling 
 '■u-'ith them,who hadfirmerly boldly wtthftood 
 them, when they had Icfs Toiler than no-s;, 
 ■^'hen the Nation is more on thetr Stde, and 
 "jL'hoUy refolifd againft the Government of aft 
 Army: That the General had obliged hm- 
 rdf to give the Honfe no'DiJiurbanct in thetr 
 Counfels during their Seflon; and that if he 
 Jfmld break his Tromife 'iz'ith them, they 
 had yet Tower in their Hands to deal 
 with him, and fitch other Officers, as- they 
 pleas' d, by voting aiacey their Ccmmiffions : 
 That by fuch an Addrefs the Hwfe would 
 be fo incenfed, as p-efently to faft a'Vi>te 
 for their own "Difoktion, without takmg 
 care of iffuiitg dUt Writs for the fucceeding 
 Parliament. All which would frefent ly 
 
 i bring 
 
 General Mokk. iS^ 
 
 bring them into fuch a Ldyrmth vfTHfor- 
 der and Qonfujion, as they would not eafily 
 know where to turn them \ unlsfs they would 
 meanly fubmit themfelves again. 4a. ^Kkaxd 
 Cromwel, whom they hadfo greatly provok- 
 ed; for, as for his Excellency here pre fent, 
 they knew ibrsuMiud already,: jfUCth^flet 
 them take what Cotir'fe they ple'as'dj be -Jias 
 refolv'd not to be concerned in meddling with 
 the Government, . 
 
 . XV. The General, according to his ujfual 
 jBanner, kept his own Part for the laft Scene ; 
 and, having gravely put them in mind of the 
 Inconveniencies which they had before 
 brought upon themfelves by difkrbing former 
 Parhaments, he told them thep^^fent Houfe 
 mjas fo near itsConcluJion^ that no evil Con- 
 feqtients could be feared from them. And 
 the fticceeding TarHaments would ie called 
 under fuch Qualifications as mufi ntcejfarily 
 fecure the Government, In the interim^ he 
 advifed them to^ rememier their "Duty^ and 
 how contrary it was to tjpe good^ifcipHne 
 afanAtmyy to imermeddle in the Civil Go- 
 vernment ; and then fir iBly commanded them 
 all to bold no more of thefe Affemhlies with- 
 out his Direction. Bur, during this Confe- 
 rence, 
 
 i\ 
 
184 TToe LIFE of 
 
 rence, he took fo particular Notice erf fiich 
 Officers as were mofl: for ward and turbuiatit, 
 that he was f efolv'd to worm them out of their 
 Commiffioasby the firft Opportunity^! 
 
 •ill J ii:jvvv.^,^ c-/-- 
 
 --lT-.'~7 
 
 The Tresbyt Brians encouraged by the Ge- 
 neral y for having good Inclinations t9^ 
 wards the King. IL A remarkable In- 
 fiance of his Favour to that Tarty. III. 
 J Tkfign in the T^trliament to reftore the 
 King ; v>hich obliges the General to haften 
 their Difelution. IV. Two remarkable 
 Votes. V. The "Parliament difolved. VI. 
 The Council of State continued : They 
 fubUjh a Troclamationc,sJhe Army f^n 
 an Engagement of Obedience to their Ge- 
 neral. V^I. The Royal "Farty quietly wait 
 the EveM. ^ .if ^^A ^extraordinary "Pr^h 
 ceedings^v,;^^^Pfdy John Grcenvil 
 wja refines to exe^ffte his former Gom»^ 
 
 m/fiO»fronf4h^^^ " 
 
 THE 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 28y 
 
 '^HE ihort Sfeffidtf tHTtHe IStftided Mem- 
 ,j«iuo|,^j.3 had already made ^^ fiery tbiifide- 
 imt Alteration^ in the lk(i^eft«ig^^Ihte- 
 tefts ; fo that nb^thi'Pk^byttt'^^'fh^tf be- 
 gan to Come aloft. The General was not now 
 to be taught the Temper and Principles of the 
 Pre^ja^latiSr*g^| p^ enq|g|^ of their 
 Way in thofe Petulances between the Refo- 
 lutioner and Remonftrator in Scotland, dur- 
 ing his long Command among them, and 
 therefore had taken a juft Length how far to 
 inttoll or employ them. He very well knew 
 fheif PbiWei: and Mftreft in the CityofLon- 
 4b«, ahd that there were alfo very many Per- 
 fiins among them, who, out of Hatred to the 
 late Tyrannies, and Afl^dion tb^ the King^ 
 did very paflionately dofire hi^ Reftautition, 
 as the beft Remedy for feving their Country, 
 and therefore were very likely to co-operate 
 with him tdwirds Ms own Endsi -^Atad ob- 
 fervi% ik>W abfolutely ^"thi s^ Pdople^%iere go- 
 v^rnVf by theii^^Cte^,^he h^i^^ 
 ifri Vifits frdih^^tle^^ft^f df^ riiefa, i&d fre- 
 quehtlf heard IbM^ofvtJhemvpreiJSafej^f^^^^ 
 fy Mi^.^ Calamyy the<^tiperli!itcndeiil * W^ their 
 Ptoty; with whbwli^ fa far eofii^lyU as to 
 oatertaiii only fudi ChiiJ)binsi tt^ i«-each be- 
 fore 
 
I I 
 
 tU The LIFE of 
 
 fore him every Sunday in the Chapel at St. 
 7/?i»^/3v as Mr.-Ca/tfWJ' fltould pleafe to l^d 
 him, who pja» hourly confriving to poftels 
 the Ears of the General with the continual 
 Air andBf eath oEPresbytetianJfe), and to plane 
 it in ibis Fi«njly» td the further Advantage 
 and Reputation of the Party. " 
 
 dII.iBot his domefUck Chaplain Dr. Tr'tce^ 
 who koevsi: nothing of this Intrigue, being 
 defurous to introduce fomo of the .principal 
 Clergy of the Chiirch of Etiglmd to the 
 Favour and. EiHmation of .the General, had, 
 one J««^> defir'd Yi^.Tearfm (the preferic 
 Lord Bifliop of Chejier) to preach before 
 him, who was accordingly there prefcnt. Iff 
 the interim arrived two Minifters fent from 
 the Head of their Order, to perform the Ser- 
 vice; but in liw bad, Way by the ParkWaU, 
 their Coach bappen'd to msd^e fo unlucky 4 
 Trip, that 3II came together into the Dirt, ib 
 that neither of them; were in any Conditiotr 
 for a Pulpit, till D^ Trkth^A fet them to 
 rights again iii his Chancer, intreating one 
 of them to preach th4t Sttftdayy^nd the other 
 on the nextc TheGcuerd being infomi'd what 
 Perfons were thetei readyf to preach, would 
 by no means accept D', T^earjon, though h» 
 
 very 
 
 General Monk. 287 
 
 vety well underftood the Value of theMan,- 
 and was perftiaded'to it by his domeftick 
 Confident Mr. Morrice, but accepted of the 
 Presbyterian Preachers. So carefiil he was, 
 even in this little Inftance, not to difoblige 
 the Party, till bo had fully done his Bufmeis. 
 with them. . fw aout; 
 
 III. The General, having thus palliated 
 the Difcontent of his Oificers, expec9:ed no 
 further Rubs in the Current- of his Affairs, 
 when prefendy he found himfelf cncumber'd^ 
 with a new Trouble from the Parliament it. 
 lelf, where feveral of the Members, being ua-^ 
 willing to hear of a DifTolution at the Time, 
 prefix'd them, began to contrive Delays for 
 the Continuance of their Seflioa; and.forefec- 
 ing,.the ncceflary Reftoration of the King, 
 were defirous to mend their own Markets, ia 
 voting home the Son, who had firft voted a- 
 way his Father in the Beginning of the Wan 
 The XJenieral was acquainted with their daily 
 Proceedings by the. nightly Accounts of Mr, 
 Marrit^^,\\hQm he, had particularly inftrudl- 
 tdifhy all pQffibk Arcs of Diverfion, to ftave 
 oCthis prefeiit Seffiott ftom meddling with 
 any i Alteration, of Goveinmfent. For the Ge- 
 neral )^a4 at firft leftored thcjn, rather to pre- 
 .;.. ' vent 
 
 N 
 
lU The LIFE of 
 
 rent the M^chief of the other Parties, thafi 
 for any great good they could have done by 
 thcmfelvcs, having placed his main Hopes 
 npon the Effeds of the Parliament which 
 ihoitld fttcceed them : But finding them as un- 
 willing to hear of their Eteath, as their Diflb- 
 lution, he was enforced to take the Boldnefe 
 of putting them in mind of it, by quickning 
 their Pace, 
 
 IV. BtJt now the Day for concluding theit 
 Seffion being near at hand, the Houfe began 
 to make ready for it, having firft iffoed out 
 Writs for chufing the iiicceeding Parlialment 
 againft^ri/xf. which, by thdr Agreement 
 with the General, Ihould have been convcif d 
 five Days fooner. And, that they might 
 have an Army at hand, to juftify all they had 
 done in the late War, and a fucceeding Par- 
 liament of their own fanguine Complexion, 
 they concluded their Seffion with two fiich 
 Votes as gave Entertainment and Difcourfc 
 to the Nation; one whereof was, that no 
 Commiffion fhodd be granted to any Officer 
 in the Army that did not firft acknowledge 
 and declare, that the late War, raifcd by the 
 two Houfes of Parliament in their own De- 
 fence againft the late l^ingi was juft and law- 
 ful. 
 
 GexVERal Monk. iSp 
 
 ful. The fecond was, that whatever Perfon 
 had advifedi abetted, or affifted in any War 
 againft the Parliament, fince the firft of Ja- 
 nuary 1641. neither they^ nor their Sons, 
 ihould be capable of bemg eleded into the 
 next Parliamenti unlefs they had before given 
 fome Teftimony of thck good Affection to 
 the pr^nt Parliament, n 
 
 V. And thus having refolv'd to make their 
 End agreeable to their Beginning, on the long 
 defir'd 17'^ oi March this anhappy and fetai 
 Parliament, having been twice excluded, and 
 twice difmember'd, was at laft diflolv'd by 
 their own Ad:, after they had continu'd thro' 
 various Interruptions, for almpft twenty Years, 
 in the Pradice of fuch publiek Milchief and 
 Confufions, as will ever be remember'd with 
 Horror. 
 
 VL But though the Parliament was at an 
 End, yet the Council of State (moft whereof 
 were of the foundeft and moft generous Part 
 of the Houfc) continued ftill their Seffion, 
 bring appointed by the Parliament to put in 
 Execution^, after their Recefs, the Ad they 
 hdd paft for the Eledion of Membears to ferve 
 in the next ParUament. They were alfo in- 
 
 U ftruded 
 
I 
 
 ipo The LIFE of 
 
 ftrudled to fettle liior e effedbally the Militia 
 of the Nation, and to affift the General in fe- 
 curing the Temper and Obedience af the Ar- 
 my. To this End they put out a Proclama- 
 tion, for the apprdiendfag all' Perfons that 
 fliould endeavour to make Parties, or raife 
 Jcaloufiesj among the Soldiers, or withdraw 
 them from their Duty, to the Difturbance of 
 the publick Peace. And whoever Ihould dif 
 cover or apprehend any fuch Offenders, ihould 
 have the Reward of ten Pounds for their 
 Pains. But becaufe no Means was thought 
 (effedual enough to bind and iecUrc the Obe- 
 dience of an Army that had been lb long ac- 
 cuftomed to Mifrulc and Vioience, it was 
 contrived by the General, and fome of his 
 more fecret Council, that all Officers in the 
 feveral Armies fltould prefenrly fign art En- 
 gagement, declaring their entire Submiffioh 
 to all the Commands of his Excellency the 
 Lord General^ ^nd to the Orders of th* |)re- 
 fent Council of Shite, and th^r they wbuld 
 yield all Obedi^i^e to the RefolutiiDBS and 
 Counfels of the ftdceigdifig Parlianaent. This 
 Engagement w^ readily fubfcttb'd by ailtiie 
 Officers of General iW^^^f'sArmyj and i>y 
 mod alfo of the others ; and tfaey wfeo rcfes'd 
 were prelently removed from their Com- 
 mands, 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 291 
 
 mands, which gave the General the fair Op- 
 portiuiity which he had..lo long defir'd, for 
 introducing feveral Perfbns of Honour and 
 Quality iurp Commiipds in the Army, in the 
 Place of thofe he cox^ld W> longer truft. 
 
 VIL Hi XHBi^ 4l/^ l^lj, things had been ma- 
 nag'dvby the Power ^ad Iijfl^xence pf the Par- 
 liamentary Parry, whilft \\% Royi4r/|nterefl: 
 .(th^t.wei3e to reap ttie fole Advantage of the 
 fticceeding Change) Ii^ying^ entertam'd fome 
 l^^t Hopes or Confid^ttc? in General 4/^//;^'s 
 >Proceec}ings, cont^nff ^ themfplves to fit ftill, 
 .without raifmg any Jfarther Jealoufies upon 
 themfelvps or him, by making further Ap- 
 plications to him. 
 
 _•-■-■■ - . » , 
 
 VIII. Only Sir "^obn Greenvily (his 1660 
 . m^ Kinfinan ) who Jia4 , the , laft Year , 
 J>een pradifmg upon the General's AUe- 
 .giance in Scotland^ by fading his Brother 
 *^i?«^ thither, of which >v? have given the 
 AcQOunfcib^re,, W4§ refoly^d to make fome 
 iUrtheip Atjerftpt iipc?a Jiifli, elpecialiy now^ 
 jeblervipg Jiim to be ^a ^ iPRch better Capacity 
 of anfwering his En,ds, tbao. when he had 
 firft dealt with him l^S4;^ilmd. , 
 
 
 " -'=4 
 
 U i 
 
 CHAR 
 
zpi 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 General Mokk. 
 
 2C)3 
 
 CH A P. xxn. -I- 
 
 I, II. Sir John, by tbemeansofMrMomc^y 
 though ijjith much "JDificuityy gets a Tr^ 
 tnife of A ^'riv^l^^^Qi^fi^ence with the Ge- 
 neraly who knew Sir John's Bufinefs. III. 
 Jir John i J introdticedto the General^ to 
 whom he opens his Mejjage and Creden- 
 tials, Vi. The General's Jeeming Sur- 
 jprifej and Sir J^x^s great T re fence of 
 Mind ,ajid ReColutian. V. The General 
 receives him and his Mejfage with great 
 Kindnefs. VI. The Author's Obferjva- 
 tion upon it. VII. The General declares 
 himfelf to Sir John, in the ^re fence 
 of Mr. Morrice. VIII. Sir John offers 
 the Generalj from the King^ a great Re- 
 war dj which he refufes. IX. His Can- 
 tion in not writing yet to the King, X. 
 His Injiru^ions to Sir John, nfon his Re- 
 turn to the King. XI. Sir John arrives 
 at Bruflels, and gives the Account of Bis 
 Jkccefsful Mejfage tp^, the General. XII^ 
 XIII. His Majejifs great Hop esy and Re- 
 moval to foed^.^j oj b^(!k'; ■ ■' r ^" - -f 
 
 Pi; '• ^^ 
 
 I.T^O this t^urpofe'he made frequent Vi- 
 JL, .fits to the General 2X: St. James's^ but 
 |il™X^^ Suitors and Atten- 
 
 -d^nts, ht could never yet meet with a vacanc 
 Opportunity bf Conference with him; tho* 
 he had fgydr^l Times' ilaid late, hoping the 
 Retirements o5f olljers, would have given him 
 an Advantage to lurprize him alone. The 
 General very well knew hisBufineft, and the 
 Reafon of his Ibfrequent and late Vifits ; but 
 becaufe he thought his own Station not yet 
 fecure enough to receive his MejfTage; he 
 Was relblved ftill to prevent any Addrefs to 
 him, either fometimes calling his SecretaVies, 
 and refuming Bufinefs, or elfe rifing from his 
 Chair with a Good Nighty Coujin^ 'tis late, 
 and fo retiring to his Bed-chamber. But after 
 fo many Fruftrations, S'lrJohnGreenvily being 
 impatient till he had performed his Majefty's 
 Commands, was refolv'd, fince he could not 
 ift^ke his Way to the General by himfelf, he 
 w^ould attenipt it by the Mediation of ano- 
 t6cr. And ^i^O' that purpofe finds out Mr. 
 Morrice^ to whom he was very well known, 
 both as being ally'd to him, and alfo aTruftee 
 for his Eftate, by the Difpofitioii of his Fa- 
 Jj^er, Sir Bevil Greenvih Will. Him he en- 
 
 U 3 
 
 ^** I. 
 
 I'^i^ 
 
294 ne'LIFE of 
 
 gagM to take the firft Opportunity of inform- 
 ing the General, that he had Bufineft of great 
 and lecretlniportance 'to' acquaint Him with, 
 intreatirig his Excelleiif(f:y , t6 allow hitti the 
 Favour of a private Cdhfeeiite. ' H Was not 
 long Before Mr. Morrice foxihd an Otcafioti 
 to communicate all this T^ifcoutfe to the Ge- 
 n^ral, wfei reply^4- Thithis'Coufin Grei?;^- 
 "uil was (6 weilknbxVn iii the Tbwn, and fb 
 noted a Royalift, that Ke coWd riot, with Se- 
 curity or Concealment/admit hitii tto a'private 
 Interview in the Head-Quarrers ; bnt that, in 
 a Time of lb much jealous Obfei-vation, Ibme 
 ill Apprehenfions would be raifed from it. He 
 therefore defired Mr. Morrice to go to Sir 
 Johu Greenvil in his Name, with Aflurance, 
 that he had given him fiill Truft to hear his 
 fecret Bufmefs, and that by him he Ihould alfo 
 receive the GdnSrarsAmwer. Mr. Morrke 
 prefently acquainted Sir John Greenvil^ at 
 his own Houfe in i2&ve]it'^n¥den^ with this 
 Dire^iori from the General'; whd utterly re- • 
 fus'd to tommunic^te fii^ ftifnittfs t6 atey ' t>. 
 ther Perft>h except his Excfelleticy hiniftlf. 
 But the Gfeief al U*^ Y6 tttflfe'fetisfyy^fth 
 this Anfwer, ^thajt 'he ' afterwards Ittt Mr. 
 Morrice bicfk kgdinf iASSr^ iamd[Hy defiring 
 him that he would truft Mm with the Convey- 
 ance 
 
 General Monk. ipy 
 
 ance of this feaet Affair, But Sir John was 
 ftill refolv'd to treat only with the General}, 
 and though he had fecurely intrufted Mr. 
 Morrice with his Eftate, yet he, could truft 
 no Man tpt himfel^ in this Bufine^s^; ailiirii^ 
 him, that this Affait x^ated oiO^ to |he Ge- 
 neral himfelf, who|i|jif^fo nearly concerned, ' 
 that if his Excelkacy would not grant . him 
 the Favour of a private Accels, he muft be 
 forced to acquaiat him with it;where-.ever he 
 laext met iim. Upon the Returnof this An- 
 fwer, the General was exceedingly plcas'd 
 with the Refolution and Warinefs of his Kinf- 
 man; for now he found he was to deal with 
 a Man of Secrecy, which was all he aim'd at ; 
 and therefore the next Day Mr. Morrke was 
 fent back %o let him know, that the fame 
 Evening he would give him a Meeting in Mr. 
 Morrice' s Chamber at St. Jame/s. 
 
 II. It jcannot be imagin'd, but the General 
 very wqll knew Sir yohMGreeuvilcovddhaYC 
 no other Bufmefs with him of fo much Se- 
 Gracy, but what he had before begun in Scot-^ 
 4and, the King's Reftauration; nor can it be 
 thought his ^xcelliency would fo much con- 
 cern himfelf ( io fending fo many MclTages) 
 n U4 ^^ 
 
 ?vno 
 
 ■.J«i.Lt..t 
 
1^6 The LIFE of^ 
 
 to be told that which he had no Mind to 
 
 hear, '^:'3{ vr»!Vv.^1 lfir^fni> iwl VI 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 297 
 
 -•':-- 
 
 H 
 
 :'>j ^J'j 
 
 in. Sir 5^^A» Greenvil vfzs very careftil 
 to attend the Minutes of tb^ Appointment, 
 and accordingly came in the Evening to the 
 Chamber, wicre he found Mr. Morrice^ and 
 prefcntly after the General, by a Back Stairs, 
 entered the Room at.anpthqr Door. Sofboa 
 as they had laluted each other, Mr. Morricej 
 knowing it to be an Interview of Secrecy, 
 withdrew to the Door, refblving to fecure the 
 Room from any other Interruption upon 
 them. Whereupon Sir John Greenvil began 
 to compliment the General for the Favour he 
 had done him, in giving him this Opportuni- 
 ty to difcharge a Truft, which had long re- 
 inain'd in his Hands, and was of {o great Con- 
 cernment both to his Excellency, and alfo to 
 the whole Nation : That hitherto he had been 
 unhappily prevented in 'his Endeavours from 
 obeying the Commands of the King his Ma- 
 fter; and thereupon prefenfed the General 
 with his^Majefty's Letter, and alfo produced 
 his own Compiiifion from the King, by which 
 te^ was enabled to treat with him in this Bufi^ 
 
 J70 ad IV. Thi* 
 
 '^i:'i ■* 
 
 I > 
 
 i y 
 
 ^i' 
 
 IV. The General having received the Let- 
 ter and Papers into his Hand, ftepp*d back in 
 a Mnd of Surprizalv and then with ibme E- 
 motiori ask*d hin^. How he durjl adnjenturi 
 to treat with him in a Matt er<4f this Na- 
 pure^ wifhiiut cdi^deringtheT)ang€r of thi 
 Attempt:' To whfch Sir 3^^^/? reply'd,-!^^/^ 
 he had'fo kng been a^cuftomed to daily Ha- 
 zards of this Kind', in purfuing the Com-^ 
 mands of the King his Mafter^ that they 
 were grown familiar to him : But now he 
 was the more encouraged^ by obferving the 
 Methods which his Excellency had taken^ 
 and from whence his Majefty had alfo enter • 
 tain' d fome particular Confidence of his good 
 Affe£iion and Inclination towards his Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 V. The General could not longer conceal 
 himfelf, but with fome Paffion ( like that of 
 yofeph ta his Brethren) he embraced his Cou- 
 fin Gneenvil^ ^ving him Thanks that he had 
 with fo much Pnklem:^ Md Seifecy convey '3 
 his Majefty's Letter to him ; wl^ich he did 
 more gladly receive from his Hands, being 
 his neareft Kinfinan, and a Defcendant of the 
 jFamily t?o which he owed fo many Obliga- 
 
 ^ tions- 
 
 
298 The. L I F E of 
 
 tions. That he was very well pleas'd in ob- 
 ietving his Refoltttion, not to reveal this Se- 
 cret t<i any Man iifter his Brother, odierwife 
 he Acidd not have thou^ him a Perfon fit 
 to 4>e talked with in a Bufmefs of fo great 
 Conceniment. ^\ v.-.^x'^ ^ 
 
 VI. And here let it be noted with a Point 
 ef^ Diamond) th^ the fame General Monk^ 
 who was naturally fo wary and confiderate, 
 dat he woidd find Ways to deliberate upon 
 the Icaft ftidden Prc^alal swde to him, yet 
 entertained prefcndy this great Af&ir the firft 
 Minute it was offers him. So congenial and 
 agreeable was the Addrefs of Sir 3^e?i&» Green- 
 *vil to his own fecret Inclinations : And they 
 who have rendered this great and illuftrious 
 Perfon as a kind of Property led on by the 
 Condu6l of others, may here meet their own 
 Conviction. For thoi^ no Man knew bet- 
 ter than himfelf, how to make ufe of thole a- 
 boHt him; yet in this great Concernment, 
 which was the moft nice and tendereft Part of 
 all his Bnfinefs, he advis'd with none of them 
 ill, nor nmde tbemprivy to it. ^ • 
 
 ,,. it. 
 
 <\'lf 
 
 ■fOV^j 
 
 VII. Th fe tjenerai thctt-rtad *is Majefty^s 
 Itttei^s, lantf looR'd over Svrjvfm GreenviPs 
 
 Commiflion, 
 
 OfeNtRAL Monk. 299 
 
 CommafionJ -atid thereupon Mther ^ reply'd : 
 That he Was much obliged to hii'Majefiy fw 
 Mif §(k'd Opnm^e 'ivdrfieiafJ to entertain 
 ofhim^ and for fht^furmce^ois Majefiy 
 had given^ him^^^^ his L^t'm'Jvf hi f gra- 
 cious Pardon. That indeed he h^^ieen cajl 
 into the Society of his Majefiy's Enemies^ 
 but his Heart ^as aimays faithful to him^ 
 (ind he had ftiil keft an Eye upon his Ser- 
 vice^ whenfoever he Jhonld be in a Condition 
 to attempt it\ unto which he had- now^ in 
 Jdfne good Meafurt^ arrive dy through mani- 
 fbld difficulties and "Difapf ointments \ be- 
 ing refolved to endeavour his Majefiy's Rb- 
 Jiauration with the Hazard of his own Life 
 and Fortunes, And, that there nrightbe fbr- 
 ther Witnefs of thefe Refolutions, he would 
 call that honeft Man from the Door. Mr. 
 Morrice was accorxiingly call'd to tfaoreft of 
 thei!r Conference, and affifted thereiru 
 
 t: 
 
 ■'^r^..' 
 
 „l:.i.l 
 
 . ¥tIlc'SiR jfohifGreenvtl 2X:q[mntcd the 
 General, that he fhad Authority from his Ma- 
 jefty to aflure hint of an himdred thouland 
 Pounds per Ann, 00 be aniimlly paid to him 
 and his Officers for ever, with what Title of 
 Hc&rar he ftioubi chufe for himifell^ together 
 With 'the vOffcarVof^JLord fJ^Conftable of 
 
 England. 
 
II 
 
 30O Tloe LIFE of 
 
 England. All which liiis Excipllency as genc- 
 roufly refuf^d, tellii^g ^ir ^f ^» Greenvil : 
 There ^'^as Jkfficient Regard \fp the Con*- 
 fcience^ and SatisfaStip^ of ferving his 
 jPrince^ of^d obliging bh Country, That h^ 
 WQuld n^t Jell his ^iity^ nor bargain for his 
 j4iiegi4n^eyfi thai for any Regards towards 
 hif^t he was wholly re fohfd into the goo4 
 Vleafure of his MajeJIy,^ ^ . 
 
 IX. Sir John Greenvil then moved the 
 General to write fome Anfwer to his Maje- 
 fty's Letter, and to fend a MefTenger of his 
 own to attend him; which his Excellency 
 declin'd, telling him, That he had none about 
 him that as yet he could truji with fuch a 
 Secret: And though Sir John mentioned the 
 Names of fome particular Perfons about him, 
 yet he refufed, for the prefent, to adventure 
 a Letter to his Majefty, which, if it flipuld 
 happen by any Accident to be intercepted, 
 would raife fuch Jealoufies and Apprehepiioos 
 in the Army, (not yet iully.wjoughf fp,his 
 Mind) aS; it ihould hju:4ly .eyer be agaigi in 
 his Power to compp^jiem. tt^tl^efore 
 defir'd Sk.Jx)hn Greeny i^^^sk^ J^^d fecelv'd 
 fton^^iijflfi .fl^.Qonanunc^^ Majefty, fo 
 
 he would alfo return his' Anfwer'; aiid that 
 
 fmce 
 
 General Mqn^k. 301 
 
 fince he could not lecurely write, a MefTenger 
 of hfs own without tetters ivoufd be to little 
 purpoie; but his IViiyfefty would believe 
 own Agent, though he Ibrought lio Xettei^^ ^ 
 Crede^nce. Sir John Gtr'eenvil then told tl^ 
 General, that he woiildhe^h nis jourpe to 
 the Kmg the next Evearn^, wlio thereupon 
 ajppointed to meet him agaih^thfe Mldwing 
 Day in t^e'lame t^lace, lyjiere ti^^^ 
 ceive his InftrudionsI "^^^ '* 
 
 ». * V'' ^''> :j « r- 
 
 J' If 
 
 'X. The next £yening Sir John Greenvil 
 attended the General in Mr W(9rr/>^'s Cham- 
 ber, whc^e his Excellericy defir'd him to take 
 his Inftfudions in writing, the Heads whereof 
 were: 
 
 '"'That fince by the long Civil War and 
 ** Change of Government, the Minds of the 
 " iSoldiers in genera!, and a great Part of the 
 '* People, would' be ajarm'd with the Appre- 
 "'liennori of Kis^ajefty^s Return, it was his 
 " ^airibie AdVfije, tilat he would be graci- 
 « oully |>l«:iS'd'»S,|iJ^tifitirt' his'free and gene- 
 « ral Pardon 'td'i[ti hts Stibjedsi' Except to 
 «^focli' asf the Parfi^ffifefat flioufd fefteeni incft- 
 « pable of It. ' tfer fre'^would^ ftepare the 
 « Minds of t^e Af%, bfMton^liis Rea- 
 
 ^0 cBbftSt^miK A<as"as fliould B- 
 
 i( 
 
 J1Uii> 
 
 i em nujisi oUi; blu^c 
 
 cure 
 
a 
 
 •301 7^e LIFE of 
 
 *< cure the pubijck Sales aocl^pilppfitioos of 
 ^^ Lands, and the* Payment 4fo of their, jAr- 
 f« j^ars. And becaqfc nothing was mortflike- 
 « ly.to run the People intp Frenzies, tjausm 
 ^ the Fear of Reftraiot in: their feveral RqH- 
 .^ gioajs;, he. did fprrber.bofeefh his IMjajeOy 
 ¥s jCQ declare his Afloat foi a Tgleratioja a«d 
 ^ Liberty of Confcieno? to aU bis Subj^cSfc, 
 i^ vf ho ihouid jp^ieipploy it ^,qot t;^ give ^y 
 *^ Difturbance to the Civil Government. Jbje 
 ^' was alfo inftruded to defire his Majefty to 
 ^f retire from the Domiaions of the King 
 !^ pf S^aiu into fome convenient PlacQ be- 
 Jf' longing to the States of the united Ptp- 
 f^ viuces, whcrp, with mpre Freedom and Se- 
 «, curity to his Perfon, he might treat fuyth^er 
 f' with his Parliament and People. Aqd laft- 
 ^^ ly, he was (Iridly cautioned not to give 
 *^ his Majefty any Iptqttuption, by offering 
 '^ Propofals to him for the Reward of his 
 " Service. '■ The Genejral defir'd him to per- 
 ^ there his Iftftruc^iops c^arpfiJly, and to fix 
 ^em, throughly i^ bis Mesiory ;_^iid tfeeB, 
 receiving the Paper from h\S Ftod, thrf ijv^ it 
 into the Fire befctiQ tberSj. ^r^l JPtregLiif^ him 
 to keep thefe Particida43^ in hig/ThoBgl^ ^ 
 he travelled^ md by -nft^inein$-to jC^mwut 
 them agaia to Writ.iiig,.:^oJift wfi^ foft ^- 
 i : ?. * riv'd 
 
 Genei^al Monk. 303 
 
 riv'd in F kinder s^ nor to acquaint any Per- 
 fon with his&ifinefs except his Majefty <mly. 
 They then privately took Leave of each o^' 
 ther; and the fame Night Sit Jobu Greemil^ 
 Reding fecretly through theCity^ began his 
 Journey towards T)Overy where, the next 
 Day, he feafonably foimd the Lord Mordant j 
 who was then going over to the King, and 
 had hired a Veflel to bimfelf, in which he 
 was very joy ful to accommodate his old Ac- 
 quaintance Sir John Greenvily and engage 
 together in the King's Service ; but in all 
 their Voyage ta, 0/?^»i^ they knew nothing 
 of otie another's Bufmefs, When they came 
 to Brufelsy the Lord Mordant refolv'd to 
 go directly to the Court, and Six John Green- 
 vil to his t^ii^«; defiring his Lordfliip to 
 acquaint the King, that he was come to 
 T6\<^n, and where be lodged. 
 
 --1XI. So foiKi-as his Majefty was informed 
 oiSM Johfi Gi^eetruiVs Arrival, he expecfted 
 fr(0(m him- foiSae extraordinary News from 
 England \ and the 3Fatberl>qjaufe''hecame not 
 to Court, but retired bimfelf fo privately. 
 The (ame Night theretoreJiis Majefty went 
 al^e in his Coac^ox his Lodgings^ where, 
 l>eiilg t>rivate together^ he gave his Majefty a 
 • : diftinca 
 
,h 
 
 II 
 
 304 The LIFE of 
 
 diftind and particular Account of all his t^ro- 
 ceedings with General Monk $ with what 
 Readinefs he had embraced his Majefty's Ser- 
 vice, and with what Care and Prudence he 
 had run through a thoufand Difficulties and 
 Difappointments to arrive at his prefent Sta- 
 tion ; and by which he hop'd he fliould be a- 
 ble to accomplilh his Majefty's Reftauration. 
 He then defcended to the Relation of thole 
 private Inftrudions he had received from the 
 General; which, when his Majefty had farther 
 confidered and debated with Sir John Greenvil^ 
 they found it impoflible to comply with Ge- 
 neral Monk's Defire, in managing this fecrec 
 Affau: by themfclves alone, without admit- 
 ting fome others to a Share in their Counfels- 
 And therefore his Majefty refolv'd that, the 
 next Day, the Marquifs of Ormonde the 
 Lord Chancellor Hide^ and Sir Edward Ni- 
 cholas, Ihould be acquainted with it ; who 
 accordingly attended his Majefty privately, 
 together with Sir John Greenvil, and re- 
 ceived this News from General Monk with a 
 kind of joyful Aftonilhment. 
 
 XII. And now his Majefty b^an to en- 
 tertain fome nearer Hopes of recovering the 
 Throne of his Anceftors, than he had done 
 
 by 
 
 General Monk. joj 
 
 by thofe former Attempts, u^ich had been 
 made for him in England or Scotland, For 
 this was a Method that had never yet been 
 try'd, and the Conduit of it was in the 
 Hands of a wary and valiant Man, that want- 
 ed not Prudence and Courage to go through 
 with iU Nor did hi& Majefty and the honou- 
 rable Counfellors forget to refled upon the. 
 extraordinary Service of Sir John Greenvilj 
 with what Pains and Induftry, through how 
 many Dangers and Hazards, he had carried 
 on this fecret Truft for almoft three Quarters 
 . of a Year, and had at laft lb happily con- 
 cluded it with the General. 
 
 * 
 
 XIII. At this Conference it was refblv'd 
 to purliie the well-advifed Counfel from Ge- 
 neral Monk, for the removing of his Majefty 
 out of the Spanijh Territories. And accor- 
 dingly fome few Days after he went privately 
 to Breda, where he fettled his Court; and 
 in this Place were made ready all thole Pack- 
 ets and Dilpatches, which Sir John Greenvii 
 was to carry back into England. A Declara- 
 tion was alfo formed and figned by the King, 
 xontaining all thtofe very Points which the 
 General had proposed by his Inflxu<9:ions to 
 
 Six John Greenvii. 
 
 X CHAP. 
 
/■. 
 
 3° 
 
 Tloe LIFE of 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 CHAP. XXIIL 
 !. A Commiffion drawn up for confltttiting 
 General Monk Captain General of all his 
 Majefty's Forces^ with Letters by him to 
 be communicated in England. II. Some of 
 the late Parliament are for imfofmg very 
 dijhonourable Terms upn the Kingj in 
 order to his Rejioration, III. They fend a 
 Letter to the King to that furpofej and 
 reprefint the General as complying with 
 them. IV. Sir John Greenvil returns to 
 England with the King's InJiru£{ions. V. 
 Whatpaffed between the General and him 
 upon his Return. Vf. The EleBion for a 
 new Parliament . VII. An InfurreBion. 
 VIII. Lambert efcapes^ and joins them in 
 Warwickfliirc. IX. The General refolveSj 
 if Occajionjhouldbe^ to publijh the King's 
 Commiffion^ and. declare openly for him. 
 X, XI. Lambert is taken Trifoner^ and 
 recommitted to the Towen 
 
 l.T> EFORE his Majefty took any Care a^ 
 X3 bout the Difpolal of his own AfFairs, 
 he was firft confidering how to reward the 
 Service of the General, and w^as advifing with 
 Sir John Greenvil hereupon ; who told him, 
 
 he 
 
 General monk. 307 
 
 lie had already acquainted the Geenral with 
 his Majefty 's Propofals, according to his for- 
 mer Inftmdions, which the Generll had 
 wholly refufed. And that, among his other 
 Inftrudtions from the General, there was this 
 particularly inferted, ^ that he ihould move 
 " nothing to the King about any Reward. ^ 
 So that Sir John Greenvil did now offer it 
 as his humble Advice to his Majefty, to in- 
 jtermit, for the prefenr, the Care thereof till 
 his own happy Arrival into England. Where- 
 fore at prel'ent his Majefty only conunanded 
 a Commiffion to be drawn up for General 
 Monki to command as Captain General over 
 all the Forces of England^ Scotland^ and Ire* 
 land\ which was fign*d by him, and put up 
 with a private Letter to him from his Maje- 
 fty, written with his own Hand. There was 
 alfo another Letter directed : To our trufly 
 and well-beloved General Monk , to be by 
 him communicated to the Trejident of the 
 Council of State^ and to the Officers of the 
 Armies under his Command^ with a Copy 
 of the forementioned Declaration enclofed. 
 And becaufe the new and aufpicious Parlia- 
 ment (upon whofe Counfels the Hopes both 
 of the King and People did fo much depend) 
 were (iiddenly to meet. Letters were drawn 
 
 X % 
 
 CO 
 
H 
 
 308 . The LIFE of 
 
 to be delivered at their Aflembly by Sit 
 John Greenvilj directed by the King : To 
 ear trujfy^ and right ^well-be loved the Speaker 
 of the Hotife of Lords: And another, To our 
 trufiy and izell-beloved the Speaker of the 
 Honfe of Commons, In both which were alfo 
 Copies of his Majefty*s fore*mentioned Decla^ 
 ration inclos'd. There was alfo a Letter di- 
 rected : To our trufty and well-beloved the 
 Lord Mayor -, Aldermen^ and Common Council 
 of our City of London. In the Contents 
 whereof the Lord Mordant^ who was alio to 
 return with Sir John Greenvilj was menti- 
 oned. And another to General Monky and 
 General hlotintague^ to be by them commu- 
 nicated to the Fleet. 
 
 II. But whilft thefe Letters are making 
 ready at Breda^ we will return a while into 
 England^ where all Parties were exceeding 
 buly in the Purfuit of their particular Inte- 
 rcfts, upon the Profped of this great Revolu- 
 tion, which fomc of them hop'd for, and o- 
 thers equally fear'd : So that General Monk 
 was perpetually befet with many and diffe- 
 rent Addrefles from thole who were curious 
 to difcovcr his Senfe and Inclination, or to 
 propofe their own. But, among the reft, 
 
 there 
 
 General Monk. 30^ 
 
 there was a moft mifchievous and villainous 
 Application made to him by fome Members 
 of the late Parliament ; who perluaded him, 
 that if the next Seflion iliould refolve upoa 
 reftoring the ancient Government, and bring 
 home the King, yet his Return fliould not 
 be lafely admitted but upon the fame Ar- 
 ticles which, twelve Years before, had been 
 offer'd to his Father in his laft and greateft 
 Extremity in the Ifle of Wight ^ and would 
 have made him no better than Magni Komi- 
 nis ^mbra. By which Conceffions the Mi- 
 litia of the Kingdom, with the Difpofal of all 
 Places of Truft, and all Officers, muft have 
 continued in the Hands of the Parhament j 
 and the Presbytfrian Government to be efta- 
 blifh'd at leaft for three Years, with the fair 
 Probabihties of a longer Leale ; and his moft 
 faithful Servants to be dealt with as Deling 
 quents : So that, upon thefe Terms, the Par^ 
 liament would not have been lefsMafters than 
 before, nor his Majefty a much greater Prince 
 than in his prefent Exile. 
 
 III. The General having before fentaway 
 Sir John Greenvil privately to his Majefty 
 with Afliirance of his Allegiance, and Refov 
 lations for his Service^ without the mejitioiii 
 
 ' X 3 ^ Pf 
 
310 ne LIFE of 
 
 of any Limitation, was fomewhat concerned 
 how to make good Work with thefe Gentle- 
 men. Nor were they ordinary People, but 
 fome of them Perfons of QuaUty, and all of 
 them Men of Parts and Eminency among the 
 Parties where they fway'd : So that the Ge- 
 neral thought it moll fafe at prefent to enters 
 tain them with fome Appearance of his Con- 
 fent; and having (as they thought) thus far 
 ften'd the Trick upon him, their next Contri- 
 vance was to perfedt this Juggle with the 
 King. To that purpofe a Letter was fent to 
 him, relating their earneji ^ejires and En- 
 deavours for his Return ; and that to that 
 End they had held feveral Treaties with 
 General Monkj who could not be frevaird 
 with to confent to his Rejiauration^ other- 
 wife than upn his Father's Concefflons in 
 the Ifle of Wight ; befeeching his Majejly to 
 accept thereof rather than^ by his further 
 Refufal^ to hazard a total Exclufion from 
 i)is Crown and Kingdom. This Letter was 
 deliver'd to hisMajefty whilft SitJohnGreen- 
 *vil was attending upon him, to whom it was 
 alfo Ihewn. But, upon further deliberating 
 among themfelves, the Artifice was quickly 
 difcover'd ; fo that his Majefty pleafantly re- 
 ply*d : / perceive thefe Teople do not know 
 • th0t 
 
 General Monk. 311 
 
 that I and General Monk ft and upon much bet- 
 terTerms^which he has fo generoufly propofed 
 to me^ and Sir John Greenvil has fo induf 
 trioufiy tranfaBed^ and faithfully rendered 
 me the Account of And thefe Perfons when 
 they came afterwards to find, that the Gene- 
 ral had, by Sir John Greenvil-, enter'd into 
 fecret Correlpondencies with the King, tho' 
 they had the Difcretion to conceal their Dif- 
 content, yet were ever afterwards fecret aad 
 implacable Enemies to him. 
 
 IV. By this Time all the Letters and In- 
 ftrudions were made ready, and delivered by 
 the King to Sir John Greenvilytogcthct with 
 his Privy-Seal and Signet, to be intruded with 
 General Monk ; by which he was authorized 
 to chufe a Secretary of State for his Majefty 's 
 Service. And after four Days Stay at Court 
 he took Leave of his Majefty, and return'd 
 for England' 
 
 V. At his Arrival he privately attended the 
 General at St. James's^, and delivered to him 
 his Majefty's Letter written with his own 
 Hand, together with his Commiflion of Ge- 
 neral over all the Armies of England, Scot- 
 land, and Ireland. The General perus'd the , 
 
 X 4 ' Letter, 
 
 I 
 
■UNtr 
 
 312 The L I F E of 
 
 Letter, and kept it with him ; but, for the pre- 
 fent, he would not truft his own Cabinet 
 with the Commiffion ; which was therefore 
 deliver'd back to Sir John Greenvil^ who fe- 
 cur'd it in a private Place in the Floor of his 
 Bed-chamber, where he had us'd to lay up 
 Letters and Commiflions from the King ; 
 where alfo this lay till after the King's Re- 
 turn, and was then deliver'd to the General. 
 And for thofe other Letters, it was here re- 
 fblv'd, that Sir John Greenvil Ihould keep 
 them privately till the opening of the Parlia- 
 ment, and then deliver them according to his 
 Inftrudions. The General alfo here delibe- 
 rated with Sir John Greenvil^ about the Dil- 
 polal of his Majefty's Seal and Signet; where 
 it was agreed, that, in regard Mr. Morrlce 
 was the only Perfon that had been privy to 
 this fecret Affair, and had fb faithfully aflift- 
 cd therein, they would recommend him to 
 the Truft : Which, fb foon as the King re- 
 turned, was accordingly done by the General, 
 when, at the fame Time, his Excellency was 
 offer'd ten thoufand Pounds to procure the 
 Place for another. And now, for the pre- 
 fent, all Interviews between the General and 
 Sir John Greenvil were but feldom, and al- 
 ways private. 
 
 VI. All 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 313 
 
 VI. All this while the People were every 
 where very bufy in chufmg the Members for 
 the approaching Parliament; but with fo little 
 Regard to thole Qualifications appointed by 
 the former AlTembly, that no Man ever took 
 Notice of them. The Presbyterians were ve- 
 ry induftrious for the introducing again Mea 
 of their own Party ; but were fuccelsfuHy 
 prevented by the Royal Intereft, which at 
 this Time began to appear, yet with great 
 Moderation and Temper. And the People 
 (from ,the Memory of their paft Miferies) 
 were generally fo adverfe to that fort of Men, 
 that few of them found their Way into this 
 approaching Parliament. 
 
 VII. Whose Seffion was now fo near, that 
 General Monk (having already fo liiccefsfully 
 enter'd into a Treaty with his Majefty) be- 
 gan to entertain himfelf with the Approach 
 of his own and the Kingdom's Safety : Till, 
 on a fiidden, he was flirpriz'd with the worft 
 and laft of his Encumbrances, being the ex- 
 piring and foul Effed of the fanatick Rage : 
 For the delpcrate Crew of Murtherers, and o- 
 ther mifchievous Male-contents, having of 
 late turn'd every Stone ia vain ; and? finding 
 
 they 
 
I' 
 
 314 The LIFE of 
 
 they could not continue the Tyranny of the 
 Kump-Parliament, nor complement the Ge- 
 neral to fet up for himfelf, nor raife thofe Jea- 
 loufies in thcArmy to any Height, as they had 
 frequently attempted, were now relblv'd with 
 a Pufli to venture at all, by breaking forth 
 into a new Rebellion ; for which they would 
 quickly have found another Name, if it h$id 
 ^cceeded. 
 
 VIIL But, to bring this about, it was re- 
 folv'd to contrive Major General Lamberfs 
 Efcape out of the Tower ;, which was quicks 
 iy after effeded, by the Treachery of two or 
 three common Soldiers in Colonel Morkys 
 Guards. So foon as he was efcaped the Ge^- 
 neral had fpeedy Notice of it, and where he 
 was lodged, fo that he mifs'd him very nar- 
 rowly. And tho' the Search after him was 
 carefully continued, yet he heard no more of 
 him till Colonel Str eater (who, upon the Di- 
 ftribution of Fleetwood's^ Army, was quarter- 
 ed with his Foot Regiments at Northampton) 
 gave the General the firft Account of him : 
 For Lambert^ finding that the General had fb 
 fettled the Militia of the City, as no good was 
 to be done among them, quickly left theTown, 
 gad haften'd towatds Warwkkjhire ; hav* 
 
 ■ ing 
 
 General Monk. 31^ 
 
 ing firft agreed with his Confederates to meet 
 at a Rendezvous there, whither he hopM 
 the Regiments of the Englijh Army, quar- 
 tering in thofe Countries, would quickly re- 
 pair to him. Upon this News, the General 
 prefently difpatch'd away Colonel Ingoldsby^ 
 with his Regiment of Horfe quartering in 
 Suffolk y to haften through Cambridge to 
 Northampton.^ and there join with Colonel 
 ^treaterj and purfue Lambert whcre-ever he 
 could be heard of, and more Forces were fent 
 ^fter, commanded by Colonel Howard^ to 
 prevent the Motions of any other Forces, 
 quarter'd in thofe Countries ^ from joining 
 \vith Lambert. 
 
 IX. At the fame time his Excellency fent 
 jilfo for Sir John Greenvil\ and, upon pri- 
 vate Conference with him, told him. It was 
 not certain what might be the Iffue of this 
 InfurreEiion^ if Lambert was not prefently 
 reduced^ and the Army Jhould revolt from 
 him. But that he would publijh his Com- 
 mijjion from the Kif^g-^ and by it would raife 
 (ill the Royal Tarty of the three Nations in- 
 to Arms J rather than fujfer thefe furious 
 (tnd hair 'brained SeBaries to domineer with- 
 in thje K^ingdom ; de fir ing him to be always 
 
 In 
 
\ 
 
 3i(J The LIFE df 
 
 in Readinefs for receiving further Orders 
 from him J which Jhould be communicated by 
 him to fuch Terfons about the Town^ as he 
 knew were moji faji and devoted to his Ma- 
 jejiys Service. 
 
 X. Colonel Ingoldsby had, in four Days 
 time, got his Regiment together, and arriv'd 
 at Northampton by Saturday Night, where 
 he found a good Troop of Gentlemen, and o- 
 thers, whom the Earl of Exeter had brought 
 in to the Aflillance of Colonel Str eater. 
 
 XI. O N the next Morning early, being 
 Eajler-Uay ^ the Scouts brought in News 
 where Lambert was; and accordingly the 
 Forces were drawn out to follow him, and 
 found him near ^aventry^ having drawn out 
 his Men in an open plow'd Field : The Force 
 with him was but fmall, being only leven 
 broken Troops and a Foot Company. Colo- 
 nel Okey alfo, finding the Bufinels would not 
 be done by ipeaking at St. James's ; and Cob- 
 bet^ whom we left lad in Edenburgh Caftle, 
 had found their Way thither, together with 
 Colonel Axtel^ and fome few Captains. The 
 Forces having fac'd each other for four Hour^, 
 feexn'd not greatly inclin'd to a Combat, hav^ 
 
 General Monk. ii/ 
 
 ing fpent mod of the Time in Meflages and 
 Parties, till Colonel Ingoldsby advanced, and 
 commanded to fire upon them. Whereupon" 
 Lamberfs Party were fo irrefolute and unwil- 
 ling to endure the Charge, as fome of them 
 came over to Ingoldsby^ and the reft fled, and 
 the Commanders began prefently to fhift a- 
 way for themfelves. But Colonel Ingoldbys 
 had his Eye ftill upon Lambert j and came 
 up fo clofely, that he took him Prifoner; nor 
 would he be prevail'd with to connive at his 
 Efcape, tho' others of them offered themfelves 
 Prifoners in his ftead. Cobbet alfo and Creed 
 were here taken with better Luck than Ax- 
 tel and Okey, who efcaped; but not long af- 
 ter were brought to another reckoning. Lam- 
 bert, Cobbet, and Creed were prefently car- 
 ry'd off with a Guard, and on Eajier Tuef 
 day were brought to London, and fecured a- 
 gain in the Tower. And thus was this little 
 Cloud feafonably dilpers'd, which otherwife 
 might have brought upon the Nation the 
 Tempeft of another Civil War. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
318 
 
 \H[ 
 
 14 
 
 ne LIFE of 
 CHAP. XXIV. 
 
 t. The Grou7tds of the GeneraPs Pear of 
 this new InfurreBion. II. Before the 
 Sn^prejfion of which he wrote to the Kingi 
 m Anfwer to one from his Majejiy. III. 
 The too great Forwardnefs of the Generates 
 Officers to rejiore the King. IV. Which 
 be difcourages, V. The fecret and vile 
 7rahices of the old rebellious Tarty^ in 
 order to frujirate the Generals ^ejigns. 
 VI. The new Parliament meets ^ and 
 thanks the General for his Care and Con- 
 dtiEt. VII. Remarks of the Author ufon 
 the General's Proceedings. VIII. The 
 Kings Letter to the Council of State de^ 
 liver' d to the Parliament by Sir John 
 Greenvil. IX. A Motion for the Com- 
 mitment of Sir John, which the General 
 freventSj by anfwering for his A^^ear-^ 
 ance. 
 
 1/ I^HE General was very joyful at the 
 1 Ipeedy and feafonable Suppreflion of 
 Lambert and his Party, fufpeding the Eng- 
 lijh Army would prefently have fallen off to 
 him : For though he had always a very ordi- 
 nary Opinion of Lamberf% Condud:, yet he 
 
 knew 
 
 General Monk. ^ijf 
 
 knew feveral of the Officers With hitd, efpc* 
 dally Okey and Cobbetj were bold and daring 
 Men, and would adventure to the utmoft. 
 But though there wanted not feditious and 
 urgent Spirits among them, yet the Englijh 
 Forces did not feem over-forward at prefenc 
 to join in this new Attempt. They had late- 
 ly Bit on the Bridle by following the Paflions 
 of their Officers , and were now well and 
 warm in their Quarters, whither the Parlia- 
 ment had lately fent them their Pay; and 
 the Government, during their Obedience, had 
 taken Care for their Support. Thofe Regi- 
 ments alfo which Lambert had the laft Year 
 wheedled into the North, had no Stomach 
 to dance after his Pipe into iiich another Mif- 
 adventure, wherein they were to encounter 
 the fame Army, and the fame General, that 
 had baffled them before. Nor was the Ge- 
 neral lefs fortunate in the Choice of Colonel 
 Ingoldsby for this Service ; who, befides his 
 Faithfulnefs to the General, was exceedingly 
 belov'd by a great Part of the Enemy's Army, 
 who would not be readily drawn to engage 
 againft him ; and had alfo Courage and Refo- 
 lution equal to the beft of them. 
 
 11. We have before given Account of his 
 
 Majefty's 
 
I'.* 
 
 520 ne LIFE of 
 
 Majefty's Letter to the General, which wai 
 brought to him by Sir Jo/m Greenvil\ to 
 which the General was fo concerned to return 
 his Anfwer, with further AfTurance of his 
 Duty and Faithfulnefs to his Majefty's Ser- 
 vice, that he would not defer it till the Con- 
 clufionofL^/^^eT^'s Infurredtion; but, before 
 ever he knew what would be the EfFedl of 
 this Man's Mifchief, or whether he might be 
 able to make good his Word, he refolv'd to 
 write back to his Majefty ; and becaufe Sir 
 John Greenvilj who was to be ready at the 
 opening of the ParHament now at Hand, 
 could not be fpar'd from that Attendance, 
 that this fecret Truft might ftill be continued 
 in the Family, the General fent his Letter by 
 Mr. Bernard Greenvily a younger Brother 
 to Sir John. 
 
 III. And now Lambert being again laid 
 faft in the Tower, and his Party wholly de- 
 feated, to the utter Ruin and Fruftration of 
 that Intereft, the General had no more to do, 
 but to difcharge a great Part of his Care into 
 the Bofbm of the approaching Parliament, 
 which now, within very few Days, was to fit 
 down. But, before their Meeting, he was 
 interrupted with an importunate and unfeaibn- 
 
 ablc 
 
 General Monk. 311 
 
 able Addrefs from fome of his own Ojfficers, 
 Vvho, obferving how all things concentered 
 towards the King's Reftauration, were very 
 earneft with his Excellency to anticipate thei 
 Counfels of the Parliament, and aflume the 
 Glory and Advantage of the Adtion to him- 
 felf and his Army, whereby they might fairly 
 now oblige his Majefty, and mend their own 
 Fortunes. They undertook alfb to eng^e the 
 reft of the Officers, and the whole Army, to a 
 Concurrence in the Defign. 
 
 IV. But the General, who had otherwifc 
 refolv'd, aiid lik'd his own Methods as moft 
 fafe and honourable, calmly declin'd the Pro- 
 pofal ; telling them. They had before declared 
 their Rejolution to keef the Military Tower 
 in Obedience to the Civil \ and that lately 
 they had engaged themfelves^ by their Sub- 
 fcripionsy to fubmit to the Refolutions of 
 this approaching Parliament ^ both which 
 Obligations would be treacheroufly fruftrat- 
 ed by fuch an Attempt. 
 
 V. And now no open Force durft ainy 
 tvays appear againft the General's Proceed- 
 ings : But, where the defperate and feditious 
 Were prevented in their pubiick Confederades 
 
 Y againft 
 
J 
 
 I i 
 
 li 
 
 321 The L I F E of 
 
 againft him and his Party, they were contriv- 
 ing, by fecret Mrfchiefs, to fcatter Jealoufies 
 and Sufpicions among the Soldiers. And, to 
 that End, feveral villainous Libels againft the 
 King and the Royal Party were diiperfed at 
 Night among the Guards, and other Pradices 
 fet on Foot to raifeMifunderftandings between 
 the General and thoie he moft trufted, as al- 
 fo among themlelves. To abate the Zeal and 
 Induftry of CommifTary Clarges^ it was re- 
 prefented, that Mr. Morrtce had got the ftart 
 of him in the General's Opinion and Confi- 
 dence; and that all things were governed by 
 his Counfels, fo that if the King were reftor- 
 cd, Mr. Morrtce would triumph alone in the 
 Glory of the Adion : And, to ruin Mr. Mor- 
 rice^ it was whifper'd, that he had complain- 
 ed of the General's tenacious adhering to the 
 Government of a Common- wealth, in Oppo- 
 fition to the King, and with what Difficulty 
 he had wrought him to a Confent to his Re- 
 ftauration. But the known Artifices and Falf- 
 hoods of thofe People, prevented the evil Ef- 
 fed: of their Defigns. Yet thefe rebellious 
 and feditious Pcrfons, though they had fo 
 often faii'd in their Chymiftry, would not give 
 over the Experiment : For, with the like Ar- 
 tifices, they were pradifmg upon their elder 
 
 Brethren 
 
 General Monk. 323 
 
 Brethren the Presbyterians; expoftulating 
 their vain Credulity, and Over-forwardneft 
 for reftoring the King, which muft needs con- 
 clude in their own Slavery. As for them, 
 though they had no Dominion over other 
 Mens Confciences, yet they had the free 
 Pofleflion of their own: But with the King's 
 Return, Prelacy^ their old Adverfary, would 
 return alio, together with its Acceflaries and 
 infufferable Attendants, Arminianifin and Po- 
 pery, with fiich other injurious and Hale Pre- 
 tences as, twenty Years before, had ulher'd 
 in the Rebellion. And now they began to 
 difcharge all their Satyr and ill Refledions 
 upon the General alfb ; accufing him for pre- 
 varicating with them, and that they had been 
 deluded by him; who had never promised 
 them ai^y thing, otherwife than, in Compli- 
 ance with the Refolutions of a free Parlia- 
 ment. But they were the People that had 
 cheated all the World that had the Folly or 
 Misfortune to truft them. They had taken 
 up Arms for the late King's Defence, and yet 
 murthered him : They own'd themfelves Ser- 
 vants to the Parliament, and yet utterly de- 
 ftroy'd one Houfe, difmember'd the other, 
 and at laft diflblv'd it ; juftifying all their Vil- 
 
 Y % - lainies 
 
f 
 
 I I f 
 
 jiprll 
 
 324 The LIFE of 
 
 lainies by Enthufiafm, and their Treachery 
 by Neceflity and Providence. 
 
 * 
 
 VI. But now the %s'^ of ^r/Vbeing come, 
 the Houfe of Lords and of Commons were 
 aflembled at PFeJiminfter^ who, thoi:^h they 
 were not call'd by the Royal Authority, yet 
 the great and memorable Adtions done by 
 them, in reftoring his Majefty, and fettling 
 the Nation, will ever in title them to the ho- 
 nourable Appellation of a Parliament', For 
 the Houfe of Lords the Earl of Manchejier 
 was chofen Speaker, and for the Houfe of 
 Commons Sir Harbottle Grimjione : Into 
 their AfTembly the General was eleded by a 
 a double Return, both from the Univerfity of 
 Cambridge^ and the County of Devon ; bur, 
 having civilly acknowledged the Refpeds of 
 the former, he chofe to ferve for his native 
 Country of T^evonflolre, In the Beginning 
 of their Counfels the Houfe was pleas'd to 
 give to the General, their publick Acknow- 
 ledgments of his Prudence and faithful Ser- 
 vice, in preferving the Peace of the Common- 
 wealth, and fb effedtually oppofing the Ene- 
 mies thereof, whereby they had now the 
 Privilege of aflcmbling together in Parlia- 
 ment with Liberty and Freedom. 
 
 VILAnd 
 
 General Monk. 325- 
 
 ■* 
 
 VII. And here we w4ll mdkea feafonable 
 Stand, and a while reft the wearied Reader 
 under the fliady Contemplation of fome par- 
 ticular Remarks upon the General's Proceed- 
 ings. 
 
 He had now pafled from one Tropick to 
 another, by fo gradual and eafy Steps, that 
 the Alteration he made ftole upon the People 
 as infenfibly as the lengthening of the Days, 
 and Changes of the Year and Seafons. He 
 embraced a moft plaufible Pretence of oppof- 
 ing the endlefs Extravagancies of the Engltjh 
 Army, by declaring for the Rump ParHa- 
 ment ; and then correded the Furies of that 
 Jundo, by the Mixture of the fecluded Mem- 
 bers : By their own Hands he buried that 
 fatal Parliament, never to rife more, which 
 otherwife pretended to an immortal Power, 
 like the Crowns of Princes, who never dye. 
 From their own Alhes he produced this pre- 
 fent and better Sefllon ; fo that he had now 
 filently fhifted three Scenes, to make w^ay 
 to his laft Ad. 
 
 B Y the like Gradations he proceeded in re- 
 gulating his Armies. When he firft began 
 his Defign in Scotland^ he cleared his Hands 
 from all his Aaabaptifts, by the Miniftration 
 
 Y 3 ^f 
 
 
^i6 The L I F E of 
 
 of the Independents. At his Arrival into 
 LondoHj he attemper'd his Independents by 
 introducing the Presbyterians: And now, at 
 laft, had let in the Royal Party, which he 
 could only truft, to the Exclufion of both : 
 So that all good Men were as much delighted 
 with the Order of thefe Proceedings, as with 
 the Variety. 
 
 VIII. But the Parliament being met, it 
 was now agreed by the General and Sir John 
 Greenvilj that thofe Letters which he had 
 brought over from his Majefty, fhould be de- 
 liver'd according to the feveral Inftrudions. 
 And becaufe it was not yet feafonable, that 
 thofe fecret Cabals and Conferences between 
 the General and Sir John Greemjih fliould 
 be publickly known, it was refolv'd, that the 
 Letter drreded to the Genera^ and by htm to 
 be communicated to the Council of St ate ^ and 
 Officers of the Army^ fhould be openly deli- 
 vered to him at the Council Chamber ia 
 White-Hall: Accordingly next Day Sir John 
 Greenvil {[ood ready at the Door, intending, 
 by the next Member that went in, to let the 
 General know he was there. And Colonel 
 jSircb happen d to be tlie Man who received 
 Sir John's Meflage; anc^ upon Intimation 
 
 i ta 
 
 General Monk. 317 
 
 to the General, his Excellency came to the 
 Door ; where Sir John Greettvif told him, 
 he had Letters to him from the King, which 
 he deliver'd into his Hand in Sight of the 
 Guards; and the Bufinefs was fo contriv'd, 
 that the General receiv'd him as a Stranger 
 whom he had never feen before, and with 
 fome Surprizai at his Bufinefs. He then de- 
 fir'd him to flay there till he receiv'd his An- 
 fwer, and commanded his Guards to look af- 
 ter him. The General then carried the Let- 
 ter to the CouncU, opening the Seal, and de^ 
 livering it to the Prefident: And the Super- 
 fcription being read, the Style of it made them 
 all know whence the Letter came. 
 
 IX. The Council being furpriz'd with the 
 Receipt of thefe Letters, fell, into an earneil 
 Debate about them, fo that Colonel Birch 
 (though there was fio Fear thar this Bufinels 
 would hurt Hs Reputation) endeavour'd to 
 clear himfelf by Ws Proteftation, That he 
 neither knew the Gentleman that dehver^d 
 the Me(fage to him, nor any thing of hts 
 Bufmers: And without doubt he was b?liey d 
 by thofe that heard him. It was then rcfolv- 
 ed, that the Letter fliould not be opend tiU 
 the Pariiamcat met again, which was then ad. 
 
 V A lourricl 
 
I 
 
 318 rije LIFE of 
 
 journ'd for three Days ; and Sir "john Green- 
 vil was then call'd in, where the Prefident 
 exarnin'cj him ftridily about the Letter, and 
 how he came by it; to which Sir John re- 
 ply 'd: That the King his Mafter delivered 
 ft fj) him at Breda with his own Hand, It 
 was then debated to fend him into Cuftody 
 till the Parliament ihould determine therein ; 
 but General Monk then told the Prefident, 
 That though h^ had not feen Sir John Green- 
 vil for many Tearsy yet he was his near 
 Kinfman^fo that he would undertake for his 
 J^^^earance before the Houfe ; and thereup- 
 on he was difinifs'd by the Council. 
 
 »^ 
 
 1.. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 General Monk. 
 CHAP. XXV. 
 
 3^-? 
 
 I. At the Meeting of the Parliament Sir 
 John Greenvil attends both Houfes with 
 the Kings Letters: Their Refolution 
 thereupon. II. The King's Letters com- 
 municated to the Army by the General. 
 III. The Reception of them, IV. The Houfe 
 of Commons pafs a Vote for prefenting the 
 the Kingy and T)ukes of York and Glou- 
 cefter with fixty five thoufand Tounds\ 
 and five hundred to Sir John Greenvil. 
 V. An honour ary Grant fr07n the King to 
 Sir John Greenvil. VI. The T^arliament 
 
 , fend Sir John to the King with their An- 
 fjjer to his Letters. VII. General Moun- 
 tague directed to carry the Fleet to the 
 Dutch Coafis. VIII. Sir John GreenvilV 
 Arrival at Breda. IX. An Addrefs from 
 the Army to the General, X. Which is 
 carried to the King, XI. The King pro- 
 claimed by a Vote of both Houfes : XII. 
 Attended at V/^^ Hague by Commiffioners 
 from them, XIII. Sir Thomas Clarges 
 returns from the King. XIV, XV. Gene- 
 ral MountagueV Arrival at the Hague 
 with the whole Fleet. 
 
 ON 
 
33<^ 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 Ma: 
 
 I/^N the Day the Houfe met again, May 
 
 \^ I. was Sir John Greenvil according- 
 ly ready ; and meeting, in the Lobby, the 
 Lord Commiffioner Tyrrel, then entering the 
 Houfe, with whom' lie 'was acquainted; he 
 entreated him to inform the Speaker, that he 
 attended at the Door with Letters to the 
 Houfe from his Majefty ; when the Lord 
 Commiffioner came in, he found the Prefi- 
 dent of the Council of State giving the Houfe 
 an Account of Letters from the King ; which 
 fo foon as he had ended, Commiffioner Tyr- 
 rel acquainted the Speaker with Sir Johft 
 Greenvirs Meflage. But whilft the Com- 
 mons were debating of this Letter, Sir jfohu 
 was rerir'd from the Door, and haften'd to 
 the Houfe of Lords, where he firft enquir'd 
 for his Grace the Duke of Buckingham and 
 the Earl of Oxford^ and being informed, that 
 the Duke was not yet come, but that the 
 Earl of O\ford was then fitting; he fent in 
 a Mefl^age to him, upon which his Lord/hip 
 came forth ; and Sir John Greenvil informM 
 him, that he had Letters from the King, 
 which he was commanded to deliver to the 
 Speaker of the Lord's Woufe, intreating his 
 Lordfliip to acquaint the Earl of Manchefter 
 
 therewith. 
 
 ' M 
 
 General Monk. 331 
 
 therewith. This Relation was very welcome 
 to the Earl of Oxford^ who, befldes his Def- 
 cent from a Family of old and uninterrupted 
 Loyalty, had, for leveral Years, faithfully 
 affifted in thole fecret Counfels for the King's 
 Reftauration ; he prefently acquainted the 
 Speaker with the Arrival of his Majefty's 
 Letters : Thereupon it was firft debated in 
 what manner they would receive them ; and 
 accordingly the Lords voted, to attend their 
 Sfeaker to the T)oor of the Houfe^ where 
 Sir John Greenvil met them, and dcliver'd 
 his Majefty's Letter; and, having receiv'd 
 the Thanks of the Lord's Houfe, he haften'd 
 prefently back again to the Houfe of Com- 
 mons, where his Majefty's Letters were e- 
 qually welcome, tho' they receiv'd them with 
 left Ceremony, not being fo well acquainted 
 as their Lordiliips, in the Ulage of Kings. 
 Sir \John was then called in, and deliver'd 
 his Majefty 's Letter to the Speaker : And up- 
 on the Perufal of thefe Letters, the Lords 
 yoied^ l^hat^ ac cm" ding to the ancient and 
 ftmdamental La'ws of the Kingdom^ the Go- 
 vernment is^ and ought to be^ by King^ 
 Lords^ and Commons, And, after his Maje- 
 fty's Letter and Pccloratioxv inclos'd had been 
 
 read 
 
3 3 2t T^^ LIFE of 
 
 read by the Commons, the like Vote was paf- 
 fed in that {ioufe alfb. 
 
 II. The General then defired Leave of the 
 Houfe to communicate his Majefty's Letter, 
 which had been deliver'd at the Council of 
 State, to the Officers alfo of his Army, which 
 was accordingly there read. About the fame 
 time the Lord Mayor and Aldermen received 
 the King's Letter from the Lord Mordant 
 and Sir "John Greenvil ; and afterwards Sir 
 John Greenvil deliver'd alfo his Majefty's 
 Letter to General Mount ague and the Fleet. 
 
 III. The Lords and Commons then voted, 
 That they would return Anfwer to his Ma- 
 
 jefiy's Letters by Mejfengers from their fe- 
 deral Houfes. And the Lord Mayor and 
 Common Council appointed twenty of their 
 principal Citizens to return their Anfwer to 
 his Majcfty's Letter, with their Prefent to the 
 King, and the Dukes of Tork and Gloucejler, 
 But General Mountagne and the Fleet being 
 xefolv'd to carry their ownMeflagethemfelves 
 to his Majefty, fent no Meflenger, 
 
 IV. And becaufc his Majefty had been fo 
 
 long 
 
 General Monk. 333 
 
 long difpoffefs'd, not only of his Kingdoms, 
 but Revenues, the Houfe of Coinmons pafs'd 
 a Vote for the prefenting him with fifty thou- 
 fand Pounds, and ten thoufand Pounds to the 
 Duke of Tork^ and five thoufand Pounds to 
 the Duke of Gloucejfer; which Sums (be- 
 caufc of the prelent Difpatch) were to be in- 
 ftantly borrowed of the City of London^ till 
 the Money could be afterwards raifed at Lei- 
 fure from the reft of the Kingdom. And, that 
 it might appear how joyfully they received 
 his Majefty's Letter, they voted five hundred 
 Pounds to Sir John Greenvil for bringing the 
 Letter, to buy him a Jewel, which he was 
 defir'd to wear as a Memorial of the Thanks 
 and Refpeds of the Houfe to him. And ac- 
 cordingly the faid Sum was brought to bis 
 Lodgings the next Day. 
 
 V. And having mentioned the Gratitude 
 of the Houfe of Commons to this Gentle- 
 man, we will here feafonably alfo take notice 
 of the Eftimation and Value, which his Ma- 
 jefty fet upon his Service, as appears from 
 his Majefty's Royal Grant or Warrant to 
 him, which we have tranfcribed from the O- 
 riginal, and have added in tlje CoUedion at ^^jj^f 
 
 the End of this Hiftory . 
 
 VL The 
 
■j 
 
 B34 
 
 ne LIFE V 
 
 
 VI. THt: Parliament then proceeded td 
 the Nomincltion of fuch Perlbns from their 
 feveral Houfes^ as iliould attend upon his 
 Majefty with their Anfvver to his Letters, 
 and ordered alfo the Inflrudions to be drawn 
 up for them; and that General Mount ague 
 with the Fleet lliould be in Readinefs to at- 
 tend them. But becaufe thefe Proceedings 
 of the Parhament would take up Time, and 
 the General was altogether uneafy, till his 
 Majefty was adually retum'd, he refolv'd to 
 fend Sir John Greenvil again to him, to ac- 
 quaint his Majefty with the Reception of his 
 Letters ; and that he would be pleas'd to ex- 
 pedite his Return into England, He alfo fur- 
 ther confider'd, that, in regard his Journey 
 into Englafid could not be decently fet in 
 Order, till the Money were remitted thither; 
 The General fo far prevailed with the Lord 
 Mayor and Citizens, that the fifty thouland 
 Pounds voted by the Houfe of Commons for 
 a Prefent to his Majefty, was inftantly raifed, 
 to be corrreyed to him by Sir John Green- 
 vil^ whereof ten thoufand Pounds in. Gold he 
 carry 'd With him in Coaches to ^over^ ac- 
 companied with a Convoy of Horfe ; for the 
 reft he had Bills of Exchange, which were af- 
 terwards 
 
 General Monk. 33 j 
 
 terwards paid ^tAmJierdam upon Sight. With 
 Sir John Greenvil went over to hisj Majefty 
 the Lord Lauderdale^ being releafed from his 
 Imprifonment in Wind/or Caftle, >vhere he 
 had been confined ever fmce the Battle at 
 JVorcefler^ together with diyers others. 
 
 VIL When his Excellency difinifs'd Sir 
 John Greenvil^ he dire(3:cd him to acquaint 
 General Mountague mth his Defn-e; that„ 
 for the more fpeedy Expedition of his Maje- 
 fty's Return, he would forthwitli carry the 
 Fleet to the T>uUh Coafts. Accordingly Ge- 
 neral Mountaguey having firft accommodated 
 Sir John Greenvil, for the quicker Difpatch^ 
 with the Mary Frigat (then called the Speak- 
 er) and left a good Convoy in the T)owns to 
 bring over the Commiflioners , ordered th^. 
 reft of the Fleet to put under Sail for the 
 Shore oi Holland. ^ 
 
 VIIL The next Day Sir John Greenvil 
 landed at Flujbingy and then - attended the 
 King at Breda \ where he acquainted him 
 with the .welcome Entertainment of his Ma- 
 jefty'^ feveral Letters, and th^t all things did 
 concur in England to baften bis Refl:aurati- 
 on; to which End he hod brought over fifty 
 
 thoufand 
 
.r: 
 
 
 I 
 
 33<^ ne LIFE of 
 
 thoufand Pounds from the Houfe of Com- 
 mons for his Majefty's prcfent Occafions : And 
 Refolutions began no\V to be taken in order 
 to his Removah 
 
 IX. The General had before communicat- 
 ed his Majefty's Letter and Declaration to the 
 Officers of his Army who were near him; 
 with whom they were fo joyfully receiv'd, 
 that they prefented a publiek Addrefs to the 
 General, to teftify their Duty and Allegiance 
 to hisMajefty. The Copies of which Letters 
 and Declaration, together wnth the Copies of 
 the Addrefs, w^ere difpatch'd away to all the 
 remote Garrifons and Regiments ; where 
 they were entertained with the like Readinefs 
 and Submiffion. The General had, by his 
 former Methods, fo efFe<9:ually regulated his 
 Army, that there wa(s no Report made of a- 
 ny one Officer that refus'd to fign the Ad- 
 drefs, 
 
 -*^^>'5- X. This Addrefs from the Army, toge- 
 ther with the General's Letter, was fent to 
 his Majefty by CommifTary Clarges\ and 
 gave a further Aflurance of the Army's Obe- 
 dience and Submiflion. His Majefty had be- 
 fore receiv'd an Account of this Gentleman, 
 
 and 
 
 General Monk. 337 
 
 and of the Service he had rendered him, by 
 his conftant and faithful Correfpondence with 
 General Monk^ in order to his Reftauration : 
 So that he entertained him with a particular 
 Kindnefs, and prefently knighted him,* Be- 
 ing the firft Perfon who receiv'd (and deferv- 
 edly) any Title or Mark of Honour from his 
 Majefty upon this Service. 
 
 XL Upon the fame Day {May%.) on^^y^. 
 which Sir Thomas Clarges prefented to the . 
 King the Army's Addrefs at Bredaj his Ma- 
 jefty wa5, by a Vote of both Houles, pro- 
 claimed ^London with all the ufiial Ceremo- 
 nies, but with an AfFedion that certainly was 
 never fb manifefted towards any of his Pre- 
 deceflbrs. In this Solemnity the General 
 joyfully aflifted, following in his Coach the 
 Coaches of both the Speakers. And fiich 
 was the publiek Feftivity of this Day, that 
 it feem'd as the Shadow of the King's Ap- 
 proach, or like the firft Light of the Morning 
 that looks over the Mountain's tops, and 
 ufhers in the Sun. 
 
 XIL By this time the Parliament had per- 
 feded their Inftrudions for theit Commif- 
 fioners from both Houfes that weie to attend 
 
•1 
 
 .t 
 
 It 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 538 The LIVE of 
 
 his Majefty at the Hague, whither he had 
 reraov'd from Breda, in order to the receiv- 
 ing them there. And the Englljh Fleet was 
 already arriv'd near him in the Bay of Scheve- 
 llng, where they lay at Anchor, in Readinefs 
 to receive his Commands. On the 16 '^ of 
 M»-}i(>May the Comminioners attended his Majefty 
 at the Hague ; and, according to their Inftru- 
 <aioQS, they acquainted him : That, before 
 their fitting forth, the parliament had al- 
 ♦ ready proclaimed him in his City <?/London, 
 ivbich -was already done in all the reft of his 
 'Dominions. 'That, for the Snccefs of his 
 Arrival and future Hap fine fs, they had or- 
 dered the Trayers, for the King's moft Ex- 
 cellent Majefty, to be reftored in the publick 
 Office of the Church ; and had prepared the 
 Way for his Arrival, by erecting the Royal 
 Arms in the Tlace ofthofi fit up by the late 
 itfurping Common-'sz^ealth. They 'were alfo 
 further to fupplicate his Majefty to haften 
 his Return ; and that the Houfis might re- 
 ceive timely Notice in lahat manner he would 
 pleafe to be received. 
 
 XIII. The fame Day the Commiflioners 
 arrived at the Hague, his Majefty, in the 
 Evening, dilpatch'd Sir Thomas Clarges back 
 
 for 
 
 General Monk. 339 
 
 for England to the General, with News of 
 his intending to land at Dover. 
 
 XIV. B Y the Afrival of the honourable 
 Commiflioners, and feveral other Perfons of 
 Quality, that haften'd to profer their eairly 
 Duty at the Hagite^ the King began even ia 
 a foreign Country to have the Splendour of a 
 Court, and appear'd like the Monarch of 
 Great Britain in the morning Rays of Royal 
 Majefty. The Prefence of thefe Commif- 
 fioners was very welcome to him ; but when 
 he came to view his Fleet, the Profped was 
 like that of Jofiph's Wagons to his Father 
 Jacob; both whereof were fent on the fame 
 Errand, and had the fame Aflurance. 
 
 XV. But in the midft of this Feftivity 
 fome of the Commiflioners could not conceal 
 their Refentments; beil^ difpleas'd that Ge- 
 neral Mountague had left them only a Con- 
 voy, and that they had not the whole Fleet 
 to attend them in their Voyage. But, to pa- 
 cify this DifpleafurCj ad antedated Order was 
 fecretly procured under his Majefty's Hand, 
 to authorize General Momtague's Arrival. 
 
 
 
 f\ 
 
 CHAP. 
 
340 
 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 CHAP. XXVL 
 
 I The King lands at Dover, and is receiv- 
 ed by the General, II. At Canterbury the 
 General is fnade Knight of the Garter, III. 
 The King is received hy the Army drawn 
 nf at Black-Heath. IV. His Entrance in- 
 to London. V. The Magnificence of it. 
 VI. He is congratulated at White-Hall by 
 both Houfes. VII. The T laces and Ho- 
 nours conferred on the General: VIII. 
 And Sir John Greenvil. IX. The General 
 made a Commijfioner of the Treafttryy 
 and afterwards Lord Treafurer. X. He 
 is created T^uke of Albemarle, and has 
 /even thoufand Tounds per Annum fet- 
 tled upon him and his Heirs : His great 
 Temper and Humility fhewn in the upper 
 Houfe: He promotes the A6i of Oblivion. 
 Xl. His Moderation in general. XII. A 
 fpecial Injlance of it, in his Qohfent to 
 the disbanding the Army. XIII. An In- 
 jlance of his exaSl^ifcipHne, in the Rea- 
 dinefs of the Soldiers to be disbanded. 
 
 XIV. The King advifes with him about 
 the Government of Scotland : The happy 
 EjfeBs of his late Adminifiration there. 
 
 XV. His publick Qares and Service : A 
 
 I 
 
 General Monk. 341 
 
 jufl RefleEiion of Sir Edward Nicholas upon- 
 them. 
 
 LAND now all things being in Readinefs ^^^m 
 
 j\^ for the King's Removal, he went on 
 Board his Fleet, May 23. where he firft took 
 Pofleffion of his Dominion at Sea, and thea 
 arrived at T>over ; where the General was 
 ready to receive him on the Shore. At his 
 landing, and after the Sight of his Majefty, 
 many there prefent had a particular Curiofity 
 to obferve their Interview ; which was per- 
 formed by the King with extraordinary Kind- 
 nefs and Affecaion; and, on the GeneraFs 
 Part, with that Duty and Proftration, as if 
 he had come this Day rather to ask his Ma- 
 jefty's Pardon, than to receive his Thanks. 
 
 IL From hence he attended his Majefty 
 to Canterbury •, where he received the firft ho* 
 nourable Mark of his Favour, being there 
 made Knight of the Garter, which was the 
 Foundation of thofe further Dignities which 
 were to be conferred upon him. And the 
 moft illuftrious Dukes of Totk and Gloucefter 
 put upon him, with their own Hands, the En- 
 figns of his Order. 
 
 '.^i 
 
 •>'' 
 
 Z3 
 
 in. In 
 
■0 
 
 ir 
 
 III! 
 
 I I 
 
 34 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 III. In all the Way of the King's Progrefs 
 towards London^ the General had much Free- 
 dom of bifcourfe wfth, his Majefty, and was 
 admitted to ail his private Hours, At Black- 
 Heath he led his Majefty to view that Part 
 of the Army, which was then drawn up to 
 ofFer their Addrefs and Service to him. An 
 Army of fuch clear Courage and cxad: Difci- 
 pline, that, being united into one Body un- 
 der fuch a General, it would have fhaken any 
 Grown in Chriftcndom, not excepting his 
 who is now thought fo much fuperiof to his 
 ' Neighbours. 
 
 jif^y.p IV. From hence his Majefty begun his 
 triumphal Entrance into London on the An- 
 niverlary of his Nativity ; on which Day, 
 thirty Years before, he was born in this his 
 native City of JVeJlminJier. In this glorious 
 and magnificent Proceffion, the General rode 
 next before his Majefty : The reft of its State 
 and Order is fo fufficiently knoWn and de- 
 fcrib'd, that we will not t]xt our Reader with 
 the particular Recital. 
 
 V. In the "SplenHor "and Acclamations of 
 this Day's Triumph, his Majefty exceeded all 
 
 his 
 
 General Monk. 343 
 
 his Royal Anceftors. For neither the Recep- 
 tion of Richard the I""' from the Holy Land, 
 and his Captivity in Germany ; nor of Henry 
 the V" from the Conqueft of France, nor of 
 Henry the Vir'' to his Coronation from the 
 Battel of BoJ^orth,. had any thing compa- 
 rable with this Day's Magnificence = In which 
 his Majefty alio greatly out^fliin'd his Grand- 
 father King Jamesy when he came to London 
 to unite the Crown of £«^/^«^with his own 
 .native Diadem. 
 
 VI. After the Glories and Feftivities of 
 this Day, the General haying feen his Maje- 
 fty fafely lodged in his Palace at White-Halh 
 and congratulated there by both his Houles 
 of Parliament, retir'd to his Apartment at the 
 Cockpiu whither be was noW^remov'd,^ to 
 be nearer the King's Prefence and Counfels. 
 And when his Friends and Attendants began 
 to renew their Thanks apd Acclamations to 
 him for his great Service and Faithfulnefs, m 
 producing the EfF?<as.pf this Day; he was 
 fo far from being exalted with any Opmion 
 of his own Merit, th^t he decliil'd them all: 
 Telling them, he had all. along ken befet 
 •with fo many ^Difficulties and Jealoujles up- 
 Qn him^ asallfhanks and Acbiowkdgments 
 
 Z4 ' ^4 
 
344 The L I F E of 
 
 muft he only faid to the Miracle of the ©i^ 
 "vine Providence. 
 
 VII. Presently after his Majefty's Re- 
 ftauration, he fettled his Privy-Conncil, cho- 
 fen out of the chief Officers belonging to the 
 Crown, and other principal Nobility; of 
 which Number General Monk was one, and 
 was continually admitted to all Counfels of 
 the moft interior Truft and Concernment. He 
 was alfo made Mafter of his Majefty's Horfe 
 and one of the Gentlemen of his Bed-chamber ; 
 by the firft he had a confiderable Station in 
 the Court, and the other gave him the con^ 
 ftant Opportunity of Accefs to his Majefty's 
 Perfon and Converfe. 
 
 If 
 
 VIII. And having mention'd here his Ma- 
 jefty's Favour to the General, we are feafo- 
 nably to inform the Reader with thofe Re- 
 wards placed upon that honourable Perfon, 
 who did firft and principally co-operate with 
 the General in this great Affair, viz. Sir John 
 Greenvil\ who, upon his Majefty's Return, 
 was made firft Gentleman of the Bed-chamber, 
 and Groom of the Stole^ and afterwards, a- 
 gainft the Solemnity of the Coronation, was 
 created Earl of Bath^ Vilcount Greenvil of 
 
 Landfdown^ 
 
 \\ 
 
 General Monk. 345- 
 
 Landfdowuj Baron Greenvil of Biddiford 
 and Kelkhamfton, Nor were the Services of 
 Mr. Nicholas Monk forgorten, being made 
 Provoft of Eaton^ and afterwards Bilhop of 
 Hereford; in which Dignity he dy'd fome 
 Years after. ii^^ 
 
 IX. And becaufe, in this prefent State of 
 things, nothing requir'd greater Care than the 
 Management of his Majefty's Exchequer, the 
 General was chofen one of the Commiftion- 
 ers for the Treafury; but that Office was 
 fome time after intrufted in the Hands of a 
 fmgle Perfon, the late juft and upright Earl 
 of Southampon ; after whofe Death , both 
 the King and People were fo perfedly fatif- 
 fied with the General's Care and Faithfuhiefs 
 in that Truft, that he was called to it again, 
 and in which he continu'd to the Day of his 
 Death. To this Employment he brought ve- 
 ry congenial Virtues, both by his unqueftio- 
 nable Integrity and natural Frugality ; fo that 
 he was a greater Husband in the King's Ex- 
 pences, than in fome of his own. 
 
 X, Nor did the Current of his Majefty's 
 Favour and Gratitude to the General ftop here, 
 but, within a little more than a Month after 
 
 his 
 
 r 
 
 i- 
 
34<5 rioe LIFE of 
 
 his Reftauration, he was, by Letters Patents 
 under the Great Seal of England^ made Duke 
 oi Albemarle^ Earl of forrington^ Baron 
 Monk of T other id ge^ Beauchamp and Fees ; 
 and, for the better Support of this high Dig- 
 nity, befides the Penfions recited in the Let- 
 ters Parents, his Majefty fettled upon him 
 feven thoufand Pounds fer Ann, out of the 
 Royal Demcfnes, to him and his Heiirs for 
 ever. He was alfo fummon'd by Writ into 
 -the Houfe of Lords; and tho' the Commons 
 were very forry to part with fo dear and con- 
 fiderable a Member from their Body, yet, in 
 Teftimony of their great and particular Efti- 
 raation and Refpedt towards fo great and il- 
 Juftrious a Perfon, moft of them attended him 
 to the Door of the Lord's Houfe : Whither 
 he brought with him the fame Temper and 
 Moderation, the lame Silence and Humility, 
 which he had pradis'd in the Houfe of Com- 
 mons ; applying himfelf always to fuch Coun. 
 fcis as did moft promote the King's Service, 
 and the pubHck Benefit. To that End he much 
 furthered the Progrefs of the Ad of Oblivion 
 and general Pardon, which was then under De- 
 bate, and had taken up fo much Time in both 
 Houlcs ; and did privately move his Majefty to 
 quicken their Proceeding therein, as being fo 
 
 3 very 
 
 / <5fneral Monk. 347 
 
 very eonfiderable and effedual to his own 
 Security, aiid the Quiet of his People. 
 
 XI. They who have had the good For- 
 tune and Abihties, by great Services, to ob^, 
 hge Kings and Stares, may be eafily thought 
 not to want Spirit or Inclinations enough to 
 ref]e<a upon their own Merits. And there- 
 fore fuch as knew not the Virtues and Cauti- 
 on of the Duke of Albemarle^ expeded he 
 would now have put that Value on himfelf, 
 as to have govern'd the publick Counfels, to 
 have over-rul'd the Opinions or Methods of 
 others, or have rendered himfelf the Head of 
 an Intereft; or, with Mutiams (whofe Ser- 
 - vices to Veffafian had rather fome Refem- 
 blance with the Duke's, than an Equality) 
 have made himfelf a Companion with his 
 Prince, and fliar'd the Government. But, in- 
 ftead thereof, as he had poflefs'dhisMajefty's 
 Favour by his gteat Prudence, fo he us'd it 
 with equal Humility. And he that had ma- 
 ny Years commanded Armies, which ufually 
 makes the Temper of Generals violent and 
 prefuming ; he that for feveral Years, as an 
 abfolute Prince, had govern'd Scotland-, knew 
 now as well how to obey, and be a dutiful 
 Subjed in England. Nor was he lefs careful 
 ' ' of 
 
 
>i 
 
 i;l 
 
 348 The LIFE of 
 
 of his juft Regards and Obfervances towards 
 all the Nobility and Minifters of State, who, 
 though they had frequent Emulations among 
 thenifeives, yet held good Correfpondence 
 with the Duke oi Albemarle \ who invaded 
 no Man's Province, nor engrofled Bufinefs or 
 Power to himfelf, nor was ever the Author 
 of extreme Counfels. Though he wanted not 
 early Enemies, even among thofe who had 
 but lately come to eat aflured Bread by the 
 Benefit of his Prudence and Faithfulnefs, and 
 who began to accufe the Virtue which kept 
 fome of them from ftarving : The ambitious 
 cnvy'd the Greatnefs of his Merits, and the 
 covetous the Rewards of them. 
 
 XII. Though a very confiderable Part of 
 the Duke's Intereft lay in the Army, and the 
 disbanding of them would greatly leflen his 
 Power and Influence ; vet when the Parlia- 
 ment had voted their Difcharge, no Man did 
 more readily aflent to it than the Duke of 
 Alhemarle ; and, to that End, had before- 
 hand introduc'd feveral of the Nobility into 
 Commands in the Regiments, by whofe Au- 
 thority and Example they might more readily 
 fubmit. 
 
 XIII. His 
 
 General Monk. 349 
 
 - • • • 
 
 XIII. His Majefty had been very juft ta 
 thofe Forces, in the full Payment of their Ar- 
 rears, and very kind alfo in the Gratuity given 
 them over and above out of his Royal Boun- 
 ty. Yet, that Pofterity may fee how much 
 the good Difcipline of an Army prevails to 
 the disbanding of them, as well as the keep- 
 ing them up ; the Duke had inured them to 
 fo exaii an Obedience, that, when they faw 
 their Continuance would be unneceflary to 
 the Nation, they laid down their Arms with- 
 out Murmur, and betook themfelves to other 
 Employments; to which they were enabled, 
 by a very indulgent Ad of Parliament that 
 gave them their Freedom, to exercife their 
 Trade in all Cities and Towns corporate. 
 This was a Temper very different from that 
 in the Array of the late Ufiirper Cromwely 
 who vi^ere fo infolent and reftive, as they 
 would only march at their own Pleafure, and 
 pick and chufe their Employment, and had 
 frequently mutiny'd ^ainft their Matters up- 
 on the leaft mention of disbanding. 
 
 • 
 
 XIV. It pleafcd his Majefty about this 
 Time to confiik uith the Duke about tht 
 Government and Affairs of Scot Ian dy and the 
 
 Choice 
 
 I 
 
3 50 Tloe LIFE of 
 
 Choice of Officers of State; in all which he 
 advis'd with great Experience and Prudeiice ; 
 thouah many things were afterwards altered 
 by the Influence and Importunities of others. 
 But, as an Inftance of thofc true and exad: 
 Meafures which, in the Time of his own 
 Command^ he had taken, for fettling the 
 Peace of that Coimtry; the Effcds thereof 
 continued many Years after he had left it: So 
 that no Rebellion, nor any confiderable Di- 
 fturbance, was form'd any more in Scotland 
 during the Duke's Life. - 
 
 XV. And now every Man had a greater 
 Share in the Delights of this happy Change, 
 than he who had the greateft Shaie in efFed' 
 mo it, who could only enjoy the Satisfaction 
 of'it without the Diverfions, being always 
 befet with continual Cares of publick Truft ; 
 which made Sir Edward Nicholas (who had 
 been Secretary of State to two Kingsj fay, 
 That the Indujlry and Service which the 
 ^uke of Albemarle had faid to the Crown 
 fince the Kin^s ReJiauratioHj without re- 
 fleBing upon his Service befircj deferved all 
 the Favour and Bounty which ISis Majcfj 
 had been f leafed to confer ufon him. 
 
 ^^_;i1Var ' 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 GenIraL MoKK. 35X 
 
 C H A P. XXVII. 
 
 I. General MonkV Candour in the Tryal of 
 
 ' the Regicides ; 'With a f articular AB of 
 
 Generofity to Sir kVi\\\ktni±W\o. W.Ak 
 
 InfurreBion in London: III. Bat im- 
 mediately faff re fed by the General's own 
 Regiment, IV. IVhich is continued. 
 
 IT TITHERTO we have furvey.ed the 
 r~l. Endeavours of the Duke of Albe- 
 marle againft the Enemies of the Crown, and 
 now we fliall find him employ'd in the Pu- 
 nilhraent of them. For the ParHament hav- 
 intr now perfeded the Ad of Indemnity, and 
 general Pardon, with their Exceptions to 
 thofe particular Perfons who had been con- 
 cern'd in the Murder of the late King; his 
 Majefty accordingly granted his Commiflion 
 of Oyer and Terminer, under the great Seal of 
 £«^/«Mdireaed to feveralof the chief Nobi- 
 lity and Judges of the Land, for the Tryal of 
 thofe Regicides, which was begun OBober 9.00.^ 
 In the Number of thefe Commiflioners the 
 Duke of Albemarle was -one, wherein he gave 
 the World one of the greateft Inftances of his 
 Moderation : For though he knew more of 
 the Guiles and Pradices of thefe Criminals, 
 
 than 
 
 i\ 
 
n 
 
 \m 
 
 m 
 
 55t Tlhe LIFE of 
 
 than moft of thofe who fat on the Bench, and 
 fome of them had been his greateft and moft 
 inveterate Enemies ; yet he aggravated no- 
 thing againft them, but left them to a fair 
 Tryal, and the Methods of their own De- 
 fence, when he could have ofler'd Matter a- 
 gainft fome of them that would have prerted 
 them harder. And, by a like generous Way 
 of forgiving Injuries, he had a little before 
 faved the Life of Sir Arthur Hazlerig^ and 
 afterwards procured his Eftate alfo, by own- 
 ing of a Promifc made to him ; when there 
 was no Man among them all had more maii- 
 cioufly expos'd and traduc'd him ; and, after 
 the Afiurance given, he had done enough to 
 difengage the Duke from the Performance of 
 it. 
 
 11. One might reafonably have thought, 
 that fuch an Ad: of general Pardon as had 
 been lately pafs'd, might have obliged the 
 Minds ol all PeojJe to a Submiflion, and Sa- 
 tisfadiion in the Government ; but that He- 
 refy and Fanaticifm are not to be cured by 
 Balfams. For about this Time began fuch an 
 Infurredibn as, it is not eafy to tell, whe- 
 ther the Fury or the Folly of it were the 
 greater Ingredient. His Majcfty being then 
 
 ^ gone 
 
 General IVIonk. 3^3 
 
 gone onl oi London to Tortfmouthy whither 
 he accompany'd the Queen-Mother and Du- 
 chefs of Orleans in their. Journey towards 
 France ; a finall Company of the Fifth-Mo- 
 narchy Zealots, having arm'd themfelves in 
 their Meeting-Houfe, where ufually their Vil- 
 lainies are firft. hatched, broke out into an a- 
 dual Rebellion in London. Their Teacher 
 was alfo their Captain, one Venner^ a Wine- 
 Couper, who had preach'd his. Difciples to a 
 Degree of Madnefs and Extravagancies, be- 
 yond the Force of all the Wine in his Cellar. 
 
 III. This Irruption was fo fudden as did 
 greatly furprize the City; and tho' their Num- 
 ber was contemptible, yet Men believ'd they 
 would not have ventur'd on fo delperate an 
 Attempt, but upon Confidence of a greater 
 Party in London to join with them. Many 
 of them had been Soldiers in Cromwel's Ar- 
 my, and, being poflefs'd with the Height of 
 fenatick Rage, laid about them at a rate not 
 ufiial. Nor was any cfTedual Refiftance made 
 againft them by the City Arms, or the new- 
 rais'd Guards ; till the Duke of Albemarle 
 brought his own Regiment of Foot (not yet 
 disbanded) up among them, who, being old 
 Soldiers )Lhat had been long accuftoni'd to this 
 
 A a kip4 
 
3 54 -^^ LIFE of 
 
 kind of Work, quickly put a Check to their 
 defperate Madnefs, having kill'd and wounded 
 fevcral of them upoa the Place, and difperfed 
 the reft. -^v^ 
 
 ^ IV. Upon this Accident (thoi^h timely 
 fuppiefs'd) it was rcprefoated to the Duke by 
 fome of his Officers, of how little Service 
 Train'd-bands, or nevv-rais'd Guards, would 
 prove upon any fudden Difturbancc ; and 
 Jiow neceflary it were, both to his Majefty's 
 Safety and the publick Peace, to keep up his 
 Grace's own Regiment, and fome other iinall 
 Force, againft fuch hafty Attempts. To 
 which the Duke reply'd. That his Endea- 
 v(mr to continue any Tart of his Jrmyy 
 would be obnoxious to much Mijinter^reta- 
 tioHy that he would by no means appear in 
 it; but being further importun'd, that he 
 would not hinder their Endeavours therein^ 
 he made no Anfwer. But, by thefe Appli- 
 cations to his Majefty and Councilj, that Re^ 
 giiuent was ftill kept up. I 
 
 r- .r^ I 
 
 CHAR 
 
 General M&nk. . 3 jy 
 C H A P- xxvin 
 
 I. The King's Coronation: II. The T>uke 
 grows inclinable to a private Lifi. HI^ 
 . IV. A War with Holland ; the Tkike of 
 YotkakdTrinceKniptn command thePtee^ 
 V. An Engagement'/Nl. The Dutth beat erf. 
 VII. Onr Fleet pur fues them as far as thb 
 Texel; NlW.The Lofs the t)\xtchjuftain- 
 ed. IX; The Bravery of the ^uke of 
 
 ' York. >X. The Tlague breaks out i»^' Lon- 
 don ; upon which the King goes to Ox- 
 ford. XI. The Care of the City commit- 
 
 ' ted to the T^uke of Albemarle : His Ten- 
 
 :• dernefs and Compajfon to the Toor. XIP. 
 He is ajfljied by the Archbijhop <?/ Canter- 
 bury and the Earl of Craven. XIII. An 
 Encampment in Hyde-Park. XIV. Th^ 
 Multiplicity of Affairs wherein the Gene- 
 ral was involved. 
 
 I.THHE foUowiog Yeat begins with \iUi66t 
 
 1 Mkijefty's Coronation ; which was 
 perform'd with greater Ceremony and Mag- 
 nificence, than we can meet with in the Inau- 
 guration of any of his Royai PredecefTors. The 
 preparatory Ca*emony bego'ii April 2,x. with 
 bis Majefty's triumphal Paffage through the 
 
 A a z 
 
 r'l 
 
H^: 
 
 I 
 
 City &om the Tflwci ^^ London^ to, his Pa- 
 lace at White-Halh attended by his dome- 
 ftick Servants, the. Judges, and Nobility, with 
 the chief Officers of St«e^ aad paflfHig thro' 
 thofe four . triumphaliAiTcbeSf which the Citi- 
 3iens had erecited, to do Honour to the Solem- 
 nity of the Dayioriln this. Ceremony the 
 Duke of Alhemarky as Matter of the Horfe, 
 followed his Majefty's Triumph, leading the 
 4^r.i3 Horfe of State. The next Day hisMajefty 
 was folemnly crown'd at fVeJiminfter^ in the 
 - Abbey Church, with all the ufual Ceremonies. 
 In the "Procefiion from Weftminfter-Hall to 
 the Abbey, the Regalia were carried before 
 the King by the chief Nobility, and, among 
 the reft, the Sceptre and Dove was born by 
 the Duke of Albemarle. In the Time of the 
 anointing, he was one of the four that held 
 up the Pall of Cloth of Gold over his Maje- 
 fty's Head, whilft the Arch-Bilhop of Can- 
 terbury /pcT^orm'd the Undion. And after- 
 . wards he, and the Duke of Buckingham^ did 
 Hom^e for themfelves and the reft of the 
 Order of Dukes in England. 
 
 n. And now his Majefty being perfedly 
 fettled in the Government, adually crown'd, 
 and the Army disbanded; the Duke of Al- 
 bemarle^ 
 
 GENEk^i McifK. 357 
 
 *^ri^f for fomcYeairs,- betook hirofelf to 
 PHvfecy : So tWatf^^e fi^d^^^^wry publick 
 lAaioii of his lUfe.figr fdmeiXcwsi/ 6?ve that 
 li^ cJtfeMy^a^efldteli it» rfie:)BM:^yCouncil, 
 ^vMgmkU%^M^i^ ail lOccafions, 
 4n^>W«^taiifbii#^)ftfeat Jtt^ t^^ Houfe;ef 
 'tordgfn «he*vertil S€inon$i:bf Pariiament. i 
 
 ni: At home ain^^dfegs %ere ^ulac ^^ 
 orderly!, excepting fome little Plots and Con- 
 trivances among the feditious ; which were 
 ftiil fo timely dtfcern'dj that they were as ea- 
 fily prevented: . Nor had his Majefty any 
 Quarrels abroad, having renew'd Alliances 
 with all his Neighbours, tiU a War b^ga? ^ 
 With the "Dutch: Who refiifmg !c6.giy?.^a-ri66^ 
 tisfadioYi for :bld Injuries, and contrtViiig the 
 PraaSfee of new ones, raisM fuch a Multitude 
 of Complaints againft them by the Subjedls 
 ofthfsCr^wn, that bis Majefty (having firft 
 in vain fought Reparation by Treaties and 
 Meffages) refolv'd at taft, with the Advice^of 
 his Prlvy-G<M3i«il, to tenter into a War with 
 the States: Wtiichwas feconded by a brisk 
 and unanimous Vote of the Parliament then 
 feting, for the ijrmfmg of Money proportio- 
 nable to maintain it. So that by the follow- 
 
 g Spring his.Maleftyiiadjniadc.i:cady *^^ 
 
 Aa 3 ®^/ 
 
 n 
 
 ». 
 
 T s» 
 
 «i > 
 
i 
 
 358 The LIFE of 
 
 of near an hundred Ships of VSiTar, fiirnifli'd 
 with above thirty thousand Mariners and Sol- 
 diers: iVfld his Royal Mghnefs the Duke of 
 rTt>rhj being alfoLard High Admiral of ^^^ 
 /^?7^?, nndenrook'thetJoodud: of them, accom- 
 pany'd with the moft illuftrious Prince Rit^ 
 fert^ who commanded a Squadron, the late 
 General Mount ague (fmce Earl of Sandwich) 
 |)erng Vice- Admiral. But, before his Royal 
 Highnefs went on Board the Fleet, he left the 
 Care of the Admiralty to the Duke oi Albe- 
 marle^ to provide for the Stores and Provi- 
 iion of the Navy, which was all attended with 
 a very particular Induftry. 
 
 'A^r.\\ IV. A B o u T the xx** of Afrll this Fleet fet 
 Sail from the 'Downs to the Dutch Coafts, 
 and came to an Anchor about the Texel\ 
 where they continued for almoft a Month, 
 expeding daily the coming out of the Dutch 
 Fleet, and provoking them to a Battle, by 
 taking daily feveral of their Ships. But, be- 
 ing wearied with lb long Delays, and hav* 
 ing in a Month's Time, exhaufted much of 
 their naval Provifions, his Royal Highneft. 
 brought back the Fleet toward their own 
 Shores, from whence they might be again 
 niore ipeedily fupply'd. But, whilft he lay 
 
 a? 
 
 GEN£R^t Moi^K. 359 
 
 at Aiidior in the Qun-flett near tiarwichi 
 he received Advice, that the Dutch wtit 
 come out to Sea, confifting of mote than one 
 hundred Ships, and proportionably mann'd^ 
 led by the Admiral Of dam, and fouf Vice- 
 Admirals; and, in their Way, had furpriz'd 
 feveral EngUJh Merchant-men coming front 
 Hamknrgh, which had unfortimately fallea 
 in among them. Though his Royal High- 
 iiefs had prefented them Battle upon their 
 ownCoafts, yet he was not wUling to receive 
 the like Offer from them at home, but com- 
 manded the Fleet inftantly to weigh Anch6f 
 towards Sowold Bay, where he arnv djunei.june i 
 And the fame Day Intelligence was brought 
 him, by fome Ships kept out for Difcovery, 
 that they had Sight of the Enemy s Fleet. 
 Wherefore he commanded the Fleet to weigh 
 again, and to get further off from Shore, for 
 the Benefit of Sea Room. 
 
 V tHE next Morning his Royal High- y„„e i 
 ■ nefs made aU the Sail he could to join the 
 ^tach Fleet ; but they, being to Windward <rf 
 him, declin'd engaging. That Night both 
 Fleets came to an Anchor at convenient Ui^ 
 ftance of each other; fo that the next Day, ;;„„ j 
 after three in the Morning, Prince Rafert, 
 
 Aa 4 ^"^ 
 
•1 x\ 
 
 '!i 
 
 ^1 
 
 III 
 
 h 
 
 ^6c> The LflFE of 
 
 who commanded riiQ^V^b^ah tke Fi|^ 
 Bat tke®«*rA being ^delkous to gaim tbe 
 Wind of the £ior^/jf^ ?I5katy kept off iatpK* 
 (ent from all dofg ^Si^agemeat;^ and m^dr 
 fevefal Tacks upon lun*: .3o that his Royal 
 Highnels came . at, Jleagth ^.to ^ave his owb 
 Squadron in Front of thai Enemy's Line; hav- 
 iiig Sir John Ldwfon oa head of him, who 
 bore in upon the Tiutch Fleets feconded by 
 his Royal Highnefs, keeping ftill the Wind of 
 them, to prevent the Aflault of their Fire- 
 fliips, wherein they exceeded the Englijh 
 Fleet. The Duke then obferving Admiral 
 O^danis Ship to come up into their Line, 
 commanded his own to bear up to him^ by 
 whofe Example, and following the Motions 
 of the Admiral's Shipy the Body of the Eng- 
 lijh Fleet jCame clofe up to the Enemy, and 
 ply'd their Guns on all Hands at near Diftan- 
 ces. But his Royal Highnefs charg'd Admi- 
 ral Of dam fo warmly, that, after a fmart En- 
 counter, his Powder-Room w& fir^d^ ^d 
 the Ship blown up. • ' '^i 
 
 ■ I* 
 
 VI. Before this Accident the T)utch 
 Fleet began to ihrink, and give' Ground; but 
 when they obferv'd the LoTs^f thdr Admiral 
 and his Ship, they madc.their own Misfof^ 
 
 tund 
 
 / GENEflAi^toKK. i6i 
 
 tUB^gcli^^&ay the ^«ifcf/^by an hafty and . 
 iiftjteidcrate FUght$ in^hich they loft the 
 OfWige-treey a Sht^of leVo^ fir Guns, fe- 
 cond to the AAnki^i-l^ch was taken ^^ 
 burnt f and, in this fright*BS5Wifey W 
 their capital Ships, fallii^ foul of eacfr other, 
 were burnt by ^ Fire^-lhip clofe to them. Af- 
 terwards three more by a Hke Accident, being 
 intangled, were deftroy'd by another. 
 
 VII. His Majefty's Fleet had the Chace of 
 the T>utch all the Day towards their own 
 Coafts, and in the Night kept up with them ; 
 fo that, in the Morning early, they were up- 
 on them again, deftroying more of their 
 Ships, and purliiing them to the Mouth of 
 the Texel% where, being better acquainted 
 with their Road, and drawing left Water, they 
 got in with the .firft Tide. And afterwards 
 his Royal Highnels brought off the Englijh 
 Fleet, triumphing in their Spoils, and Vidory 
 of the Enemies, to their own Shame. 
 
 VIII. In this Fight there fell of the2)«/f/&, 
 befides Admiral Ofdamy three Vice- Admirals, 
 
 Stillingwalf^ and Schamp^ and 
 about eight or ten thoufand common Soldiers 
 and Mariners, with the Lofs of about twenty 
 
 eight 
 
 / 
 
 / 
 
 \ 
 
I' 
 
 ■II 
 
 \6t n>e LIFE 4 
 
 <ight Ship^j taken a«d futik ;' 'with . a Very in. 
 •cQhM<:rMt Daifidge-'to; hfe Majefty's 'Navy, 
 having loft only one litde -Yeflel, calM the 
 Mary, taken Int'eht Ba^fioiog-of the. Eighty 
 and carried off with theftij and the Lofs of 
 Men was alfo difprbportk) liable : Only fome 
 honourable PerlbnS, who fetv'd as Voiunreets 
 or honorary Soldiers at this Battel, fell ifi it;:as 
 the Y.xrl^iV^'tlandc But the Earl oi Falmouth, 
 the Lord Muskerry, and Mr. Boyle, fecond Son 
 to the Earl of Burlington, were cut off" to- 
 gether by one Shot in his Royal Highnefs*s 
 Ship. The Earl of Mar thorough, who com- 
 manded a Frigat, was here (lain, with Rear- 
 Admiral Jobnfon. Vice-Admiral La-wjh7t re- 
 eeiv'd a Hurt in his Knee, at the Begio- 
 iiing of the Fight, which was thought fo in- 
 confiderable, that there was not that timely 
 Care taken of it which it deferv'd : Nbr did 
 te make fo much Hafte to Shore, as he 
 fliould ; fo that in about five Weeks he dy'd 
 thereof. 
 
 IX In this Engagement \\\i Royal High- 
 nefs had fo far expofcd himfelf, that neither 
 his Majefty, nor his People, were wilHng to 
 advcnrare the next Hope of the Common- 
 wealth, to any ftirthcr Dangers and Hazards: 
 
 So 
 
 General MoKK. 16'^ 
 
 So that, the remaining Part of this Summed, 
 the Earl oi Sandwich y being Vice-Admiral of 
 England^ commanded the Fleet. But this 
 late Fight had fo taken down the Tiutch Sto- 
 machs, that, for the reft of this Year, they 
 had neither Force nor Courage to adventure 
 upon another Engagcifacnt. r 
 
 X. With the B^inning of this War, be- 
 gan alfo a moft fatal Peftilence in London^ 
 and both were of "Dutch Original. For as 
 they brought the War upon themfelves, by 
 their feveral Depredations of Engltjh Goods ; 
 fo they font us the Contagion in fome of their 
 own, convey'd hither out of Holland^ where 
 lately the Plague had very leverely raged. It 
 began firft in London^ and from thence was 
 di^ers'd to moft of the principal Towns and 
 Cities of the Nation, accompany 'd with fo 
 great Mortality, as we have no Account of 
 the like Contagion in any Age or Annals of 
 England, His Majefty was therefore en- 
 forced to leave his Palace at White-HallyixvA 
 retire to Oxford^ w^hither afterwards the 
 Houfes of Parliament and the Term were ad- 
 journed. The Nobility alfo, vand Gentry, and 
 principal Qtizens, were difpers'd for Refuge 
 
 from 
 
■<'f 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 3^4 m^tlFEof ^ 
 
 from the Iafe<flio^ t^o%Hdiit aU tlie Vte§ 
 
 XT. But being the capital City of the Na- 
 tion it was not to be left at randorii, Siirherc 
 not only- tfic f^ fenfbrc'd by Nfeceffity, or 
 encourag'd through -rlberty, might rifle the 
 Houfes of th4 Rich; Btit the Seditious alfo 
 ^iaht take thfrOpporrtinify to praaife new 
 Mifchiets'; it pleas'd his Majefty to entraft 
 the Care and Safety of the Place with the 
 Duke of Albemarle^ commanding his Conti- 
 nuance in the Town. And though his Grace 
 niight very well, with the reft of the Nobili- 
 ty have confulted his own Safety, -by re- 
 treating with his Majefty to Oxford, Gt to 
 ferae o'f his own Retirements in the Country, 
 and his pift, Services" -might have fairly ex- 
 empted hiin from this hazardous Attendance, 
 and throw it upon fome others; yet he very 
 willingly obcy'd, and, when other Men had 
 €xpos'd their Eftatcs and Fortunes to fe- 
 cure their Lives, he was contented to Itay 
 and expofe his' own Life to fecure their 
 Properties. Nor did he only dired his Care 
 to the Concernments of the Rich, 'but tiptci- 
 
 ally for the Nccdtitifes df thePbor* by d&n- 
 •,../ -; -^vru aiarlJ 9WH . -tinijally 
 
 tiaoally inipeaingi^ J^^^^fe^?^^ ^^ 
 publick Charity, to which was allp luperad^ 
 ded a Share of his own private Bounty. 
 
 .^II.^,liNrthefeCaf^JSpa5?^^$^ 
 by thclA^i^ of tvyiq other great and' ho- 
 nourable JP^lbns^ ^^^fetenE^^"^^ ^^ ^^^ 
 City: His Grace ;|)e Lord Arch-Bifliop of 
 Canterbury^ who ft^y'd a great Part of the 
 Time at his Palace at Lambeth^ where, be- 
 fides his own vaft and diffofive Charity to- 
 wards the poor and afflicaed, he fo efFe(aually 
 folicited the other Bifliops in England, that 
 feveral gteat and almoft incredible Sums of 
 Money were raised for Relief of the Infedted. 
 And had the fadious given the hundredth Part 
 of their Bounty, the Nation muft have rung 
 with the Noife of their" Charity. With the 
 liKecompaflionate Care -did the Earl of 
 O'^'^^;/ continue in the Town, diftributing 
 eonftafltly the greateft Part of his Revenue to 
 fupply the Neceffities of the figk and perilh. 
 
 XIIL The Guards and necefTary Forces 
 left with the Duke for fecuriug the Peace of 
 the City, were, by his Order, quarter'd in 
 tlyde Tark^ where there were Tents and 
 
 Conveniences 
 
i 
 
 ^66 The LIFE of 
 
 Conveniences made ready for them ; but, not- 
 withftandii^ all his Care, and their Diftaiice 
 from the Infedlion, yet he loft a great Part of 
 them. His own Refidence he ftill continued 
 at the Cock-fit near Wbite-HaUy where, by 
 his free AdmiiTion of all Perfons that had Bu- 
 finefs with him, he convers'd daily with more 
 afTured Dangers, than in any of the Battels 
 that had been fought by him. 
 
 XIV. BuT,befides the Hazard of this Em- 
 ployment, it was attended with fo many 
 Cares and infinite Importunities, as would 
 have troubled an Head that had not been ha- 
 bitually accuftom'd to Bufmefs like the Duke 
 oiJlbemarle's : For his Majefty,being remov- 
 ed to Oxford^ the Duke was oblig'd to con- 
 ftant Correfpondence with him, befides his 
 afliduous Difpatches to the I,ord Chancellor, 
 and the Secretaries of State. With the Fleet 
 he had continual Bufinefs, in ordering Sup- 
 plies for them, upon all Occafions, out of the 
 Stores in the City. His Care was endlefs 
 and unccflant, both with the Admiralty, and 
 Commiflioners of the Navy, in infpcding the 
 Management of the Prize-OfRce : Befides his 
 daily Correfpondencies with the Lord Mayor, 
 for Relief of the Poor, and Security of the 
 
 City. 
 
 « 
 
 City.. His grantiiig Licences for Ships tq 
 Sea, and appointing Convoys to attend them, 
 hi all which, having a Croud of Bufinefs » 
 neither the Danger of his Pcrfon, nor the 
 Trouble of his Empfciymtiir, gaye liim any 
 Difturbanoe; hut i his iGrace was as eaiy and 
 prefent ^ hiii^iftlfvajadnwelp pleased as other 
 Men are in thek- "Recreations 'and Diyer- 
 
 jions. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
f'* 
 
 368 
 
 II 
 
 - i 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Tlje LIFE of 
 
 CHAP. XXIX. 
 
 1 *Pr'mce Rupert and the 'Duke <»/ Albemarle 
 Joined in Commijfton againfi the Dutch. II. 
 7he *Duke accefts the Charge^ againfi the 
 Advice of his Friends. III. Has the Care 
 of making all the Naval Trefarations . 
 IV. The King returns to London. N;the 
 Admirals go on Board. VI. The Dutch 
 make an Alliance with the French. VII. 
 Who affift theniy and declare War againfi 
 England. VIII. The Tre^araiions on both 
 fides towards Altion. IX. The Dutch 
 Fleet appears. X. They come to an En- 
 gagement. XI. The Event of it. XII, 
 XIII. Another Engagement. The 'Duke 
 refilves to retreat. XIV. The Manner of 
 his Retreat. XV. Trince Rupert returns. 
 
 XVI. And joins the Duke's Fleet ; the 
 Dutch, upon their ConjunEiion retiring. 
 
 XVII, XVIII. RefoPvedy in a Council of 
 War^ to give them Battel again. XIX. 
 Our Fleets follow them. XX. Tbty come 
 to an Engagement upon the Dutch Coafi. 
 XXI. The Duke's Courage andConduSi in 
 this ASiion. XXII. The Dutch are beaten, 
 and get off; the Ei^lifli returning home. 
 XXm. Different ReJleaioNs upon the 
 
 Duke's 
 
 General Monk. 7,6^ 
 
 Duke's ConduB. XXIV. The Opinion of 
 the Dutch upon it. XXV. The Dutch put 
 to Sea again. XXVI. The Englilh Fleet 
 purfites them to their own Coafis ; XXVIL 
 And engages them. 
 
 I.T^OWARDS the End of the Year, his 
 i Majefty advis'd with his Privy Ooun- 
 cil at Oxford^ about the Condud of the Fleet 
 next Spring. And though his Royal High- 
 \jQels was very importunate to finifli the War 
 with the T^titch^ which he had fo fortunately 
 begun; yet, fince they were refblv'd not to 
 venture his Perfon again to further Hazards, 
 it was at laft determin'd, that his Highnefs 
 Prince Rupert^ and the Duke of Albemarle^ 
 Ihould, by joint Commiflion, command at 
 Sea, and carry on the War the following 
 Summer. 
 
 II. The Prince, being prefent upon the 
 Place, accepted the Charge; and his Majefty 
 appointed, the Duke Ihould haften down to 
 Oxford :, which he prefently did by Poft, and 
 cheerfully fubmitted to the Commands of his 
 Sovereign ; though there wanted not thofe a- 
 bout him, who difluaded him from this Em- 
 ployment ; alledgteg, that his Merits were 
 
 Bb great 
 
I- » 
 
 V 
 
 •'!! 
 
 4 
 
 J70 The LIFE of 
 
 great and unwcildy already, and his Reputa- 
 tion higher than to need further Advance; 
 that his Fortune had already foyl enough, 
 and that he had now no greater Concern than 
 to prefer\'e himfelf where he was; that the ill 
 Succefs of this War might perhaps be fuffi- 
 cient to leflen him ; but the Profperoufnefs 
 of it would add little to his Fame, and much 
 to Envy. Though there wanted not feme 
 Reafon in thefe Suggeftions, yet the Duke 
 lik'd no politick Contrivance in the luftance 
 of his Obedience ; and having ftaid three 
 Days at Oxford, advifing privately with the 
 King about the Preparations for the War, and 
 receiv'd his Majefty's Thanks for his faithful 
 Care of the publick Safety, and Security of 
 the City, he return'd back to his Charge at 
 London. 
 
 III. And now, being made Co-admiral at 
 Sea, he had another Province added to the 
 reft of his Cares, whereby he was oblig'd to 
 give Orders for the making ready fuch Ships 
 as were not yet finifhcd, and the Repair of 
 others, that had been difabled ia this Year's 
 War, befides all other naval PreparflitioBS for 
 the following Spring. - 
 
 IV.ThouGH 
 
 General Monk. 371 
 
 1 V. Th o u G H the Plague did greatly fpread 
 and incteafe in other remoter Cities and Pla-^ 
 ces of the Kingdom, yet, towards the End of 
 the Year, it manifeftly abated in London \ 
 and the City became lb clear'd from farther 
 Infedion^ that about the firft of February^ 
 his Majcfty haften'd his Return from Oxford Feb. 3. 
 to his Court at fFbite-Hall, where he might 
 more commodioully infped: his Affairs, and 
 advife for the further Preparations of his 
 Fleet. The late Mortality, as it had fwept 
 away great Multitudes in the Suburbs of the 
 City, fo it had deftroy'd abundance of the 
 Sea-men in thofe Pariihes adjoining to the 
 River, and had done the like in other mari- 
 time Towns oi England: Inlbmuch that there 
 was fome Difficulty in procuring enough of 
 thofe llout and valiant People to man the 
 Fleet. But the Duke of Albemarle^ having 
 formerly commanded at Sea, had fo much 
 Reputation and Influence among the Sea^ 
 men, that, whilfl: there was any of them left 
 in England^ he was not likely to want their 
 Company in his Majefly's Service. And, by 
 the united Interefi and Influence of the Prince^ 
 tiotwithftanding the Difadvantagesof the late 
 Plague, all things were brought into fb good 
 Readincfs, as that both the Men and Ships 
 
 B b 2r would 
 
371 The LIFE of 
 
 would quickly be fit to fail, attending for 
 their Admirals to come on Board. "" 
 
 '^^LiX^J li> ' i - <i • J 
 
 1666 V. Accordingly, J^r// 13. being St. 
 
 ^^''^ George'^ Day^ his Highnefs Prince Ruferty 
 
 ^^* and the "DukQ oi Albemarle, took Leave of 
 
 his Majefty and the Court ; and, at White- 
 
 Hall Stairs in one of the King's Barges, went 
 
 down the River to the Fleet. 
 
 VF. Nor were the T>utch all this while 
 lefs fedulous in preparing their own Navy. 
 The laft Year's War had fo much weaken'd 
 their Fleet, but more the Courage of their 
 People, that they found themfelves not able 
 to continue it further without the Arms of 
 their Neighbours. To that End they had 
 contraded a new Alliance with France, from 
 whence they were to have the Afliftance of 
 the French Fleet, led by the Duke de Beau- 
 fort. 
 
 VII. His Majefty of Great Britain was 
 already fo much fuperior to all his Neigh- 
 bours at Sea, that the French King was great- 
 ly afraid he ihouid grow more potent there, 
 by his further Succefs againft the "Dutch. 
 And though he hated nothing more than that 
 
 People^ 
 
 General Monk. 375 
 
 People, and their Government, yet he lov'd 
 his own Intereft better than to depart from it, 
 by denying them Afliftance. He had already 
 defign'd the Invafion of their Country by 
 Land, and therefore was not a little concern- 
 ed, that his Majefty Ihould prevent him in 
 the Conqueft, by fubduing them firft at Sea. 
 And other fecret Reafons led him, in Conjun- 
 ction with the "Dutch, to declare War againft 
 England ; which was accordingly denounced 
 back upon him into France. 
 
 VIII. Prince Rufert and the Duke of 
 Albemarle had, by this Time, brought the 
 the Fleet to luch Readinefs, as they were 
 come to an Anchor in the Downsj refolv- 
 ing from thence to fet fail for the Dutch 
 Coafts^ and find out the Enemy. But, in the 
 interim, his Majefty had received Intelligence 
 from France, that the Duke de Beaufort had 
 made equal Difpatch in getting ready the 
 French Fleet, and was coming out to join 
 with the Dutch. Upon which Information 
 frpm thence, his Majefty, with the Advice of 
 the Privy-Council, difpatch'd away Orders 
 to his Fleet, That Tftnce Rupert Jhould take 
 twenty of the be ft and nimble ft Frigats^ andj 
 jiire^ing bis W^y towards the Coafts of 
 
 B b 3 France, 
 
374 The LI F E of 
 
 France, Jkoitld attend the Motions of the 
 French Jdmiral, and engage him before he 
 could join his Fleet with the Dutch. Thefe 
 Inftrudions were ^refencly put in Execution 
 by his Highnefs, l^atirtg the Duke, with the 
 reft of the Fleet, ftill in the 'Downs. 
 
 »4. 
 
 Man I IX. Th e laft of M^ the Duke fet fail from 
 j».« I the Do-isms ; and the next Morning early, 
 the Bripk plying about a League from the 
 reft of the Fleet, difcover'd feveral Sail ; and 
 therefore fir'd three Guns one after another, 
 which gave Warning to the Fleet. About 
 eight of the fame Morning, from the Admi- 
 ral's Top-maft-head, they difcover'd about 
 eleven or twelve Sail ; and at the fame time 
 other Ships difcover'd about twenty or thirty 
 Sail more towards TOtmkirk and Oftendy and 
 prefently after more of them were defcry'd ; 
 {o that it was out of hand concluded to be 
 the "Dutch Fleet. Therefore his Grace pre- 
 fently commanded the Flag-Officers to meet 
 in a Council of War, where were prcfent Sir 
 Robert Holmes, Sir Jofefh Jordan, Sir Chfi- 
 popher Mings, Sir George Afimgh, Rear- 
 Kdxc^viA Harman, and others, where it -Was 
 debated, Whether the^ Jhould adventure to 
 engage the Dutch in the jSffence of fi confi- 
 
 derable 
 
 General Monk. 37J 
 
 derable a Tart cf their Fleet, then gone of 
 with the Trince. But, in regard feveral 
 good Shifs^ befides the Royal Sovereign, then 
 at Anchor in the Gua-fleet (neither fully 
 mann'd, nor ready) would, upn their Re- 
 treat, be in Danger of a Surprizal by the 
 the Enemy, and that fuch a Courfe might 
 have fme ImfreJJlon upon the Spirit and 
 Courage of the Seamen, who had not been 
 accupm'dto decline fighting with theThxtch ; 
 it was at lajl unanimoufiy refolved to abide 
 them, and the Fleet jhould prefently be put 
 in Readinefs to fall into a Line. This Ad- 
 vice was agreeable to the Opinion and Senti- 
 ments of the Duke, who did very much un- 
 dervalue the Power and Force of the Dutch 
 Fleet, expeding fuch eafy Conquefts as he 
 had obtain'd thirteen Years before. But the 
 Dutch of late had built much greater and 
 ftronger Ships, and, by often Tryals, had 
 learnt from the Englifh the Experience of 
 fighting better. 
 
 X. Th E Dutch Fleet was that Day efteem- 
 ed about feventy fix Sail, and ten Fire-fhips, 
 commanded by the Admiral de Ruyter, who 
 fucceeded after the Death of Opdam. With 
 the Duke there was not above fil'ty Frigats, 
 
 Bb 4 whereof 
 
 / 
 
 \x 
 
 
 I-* 
 I* 
 
iV'l 
 
 y6 The LIFE of 
 
 whereof eighteen were heavy ^utch Bot- 
 toms, which had been taken from the Enemy 
 in this and the former War. About one of 
 the Clock, about Mid-Sea, towards the Coaft 
 of T>unkirk^ the Fight was begun by Rear- 
 Adrairal Harman^ of the White Squadron, 
 who led the Van, and bore in upon the Zea- 
 land Squadron, riding head-moft of the Ene- 
 my's Fleet, and prefently a great Part of the 
 Ships on both Sides were engaged. But the 
 Wind blowing high, the Force of the ^utch 
 Fleet fell chiefly upon the Sails and Rigging 
 of the Englijh. The Duke was fo intent up- 
 on this Charge, that he engaged far among 
 them, till he had mod of his Tackling taken 
 clear off by the Chain Shot, and his Standard 
 ftruck down, fo that he was forc'd to tack 
 and go off to an Anchor, being reliev'd by 
 the Royal OaL And, having fpcedily rigg'd 
 again with Jury Mafts, and brought new Sails 
 to the Yards, he flood in again, and fell into 
 the Body of the Dutch Fleet, where he en- 
 gaged de Ruyter ; and, about this Time, four 
 of the Dutch great Ships were funk and 
 burnt; but many of the Sea-men fa v'd, being 
 taken up by the Englijh Boats and Tenders ; 
 and Trump receiv'd a fiill Broad-fide from the 
 Jioyal Catherine y which fo difabled him, that 
 
 he 
 
 General Monk. 377 
 
 he was forced to get off, as alfo were feveral 
 other capital Ships that drew into Harbour. 
 Among the reft, Van Trump, with his Ship 
 of eighty two Guns; Van Ghent ^ with his 
 Ship of feventy ; and Nefe, with a Ship of 
 eighty Guns (befides fotoe others) got into 
 the Goree^ niHerably torn and fhatter'd. 
 
 1 -'^'^ io -^^ 
 
 • r» • 
 
 XI. Nor was it any whit better with fe- 
 veral of the Englijh Ships, which, by that 
 Day's Work, were fo difabled in their Shrouds, 
 Mafts, and Tackling, that they were forc'd 
 to retire, and make their Way to the next 
 Harbour. The Henry had three Fire-lhips 
 upon her; yet had the good Fortune to clear 
 them ail wirh fome Lofs, but fo torn and 
 fliatter'd, as Ihe was fent off to Harbour. In 
 this Day's Engagement there appear'd no 
 confiderable Damage to any of the Ships 
 themfelves. All the Tempeft fell above Deck 
 among the Shrouds and Mafts ; and, for the 
 Length and Fiercenefs of the Encounter, 
 there were very few Men kill'd or wounded. 
 His Grace receiv'd that Day a fmall Bruife in 
 his Hand by a SpHnter, and, among thofe 
 unlucky and thick Vollics that brought 
 down his Tackling, one of them fliot away 
 his Breeches, but leaving the Skin untouch'd; 
 
 and, 
 
 
% 
 
 37S 7^^ LIFE of 
 
 and, by nine or ten of the Clock at Night, 
 both Sides were well enough content to give 
 over, and fell to mending their Sails and Rig- 
 
 XII The next Morning abont fix, the 
 ^"'"'Fi^^ht begun s^ain, and the Duke, though fo 
 much inferior to the Enemy, in the Number 
 of Ships, was yet the Aggreflbr, and molt 
 Part of the Day had the Advantage of the 
 Ihach Fleet, till towards two in the After- 
 noon ; about which Time the Enemy, which 
 was Co much fuperior in Number before, was 
 Tecruited by the Acceflion of fixteen frelh 
 Ships, by which they were enabled to prefs 
 very hard upon the En^lfjh Fleet, who yet 
 kep't their Ground, and fought it out till E- 
 vening, though extremely fhatter'd in their 
 Mafts, Sails, and Rigging, and many Men 
 kill'd. The 'Dutch loft three good Ships m 
 this Day's Engagement; and the Duke four, 
 the Swift-fure, the Eagle, the Loyal George, 
 and the Catharine; which two laft were no 
 Part of the Royal Navy, but Merchant-men 
 which had been hir'd into the Service. Yet 
 though the Ships were deftroy'd, the Men 
 were generally fav'd. This Night the Lord 
 Ollor% and Sir Thomas Clifford, with fome 
 
 othet 
 
 General Monk. 379 
 
 other Perfons of Quality, came from T>over 
 on board the Admiral, by whom his Grace 
 was aflur'd, that the Prince was upon his Rcr 
 turn. 
 
 Xin. But this Day's Work had fo far dif- 
 abled feveral of his Majefty's Ships in their 
 Mafts and Rigging; and their odds of Num- 
 ber was fo extremely di:^roportionabIe, that 
 it was relbiv'd this Night by the Council of 
 War, (having with unequal Force fo advan^ 
 tagioufly aflerted the Honour of his Majefty, 
 and their own Gallantry) to make a fair and 
 regular Retreat. 
 
 XIV. To that End the next Morning his 5«»'3' 
 Grace order'd all the Men out of two or three * 
 (lug Ships, which were unlerviceable, and 
 commanded them to be fired, rather than put 
 them to the Hazard of falling into the Ene- 
 my's Hand in his Retreat. And now he had 
 not full forty good Ships with him to make 
 good his Retreat againft about ninety of the 
 Enemy's. But, commanding all his| weak 
 and difabled Frigars to go off before him, 
 and placing about fixteen or twenty of the 
 foundeft and moft ih Heart to the Enemy's 
 Front, he began a regular and leilurely Retreat, 
 
 which 
 
 \i' 
 
 \ 
 
380 TToe LIVE of 
 
 which was manag'd with fo much Bravery 
 and Courj^e, that the T>utch, though poflef- 
 fed with fo many great Advantages upon him, 
 had no great Stomach to the Purfuit, con- 
 tenting thenjfelves to follow a-loof ofF, and 
 to fire their Guns at fuch Diftance, as gave 
 no Prejudice to the EngUJh Fleet: Till about 
 four in the Afternoon, the Wind encreafing, 
 they came clofer up to the Duke in two Bo- 
 dies, and fpcnt feme Broad-fides upon his 
 Ship; but were fo warmly ply'd fi-om the 
 Englijh Fleet with their Stern Pieces, as 
 made them contented to lye further off! 
 
 XV. The fame frefli Gale which at this 
 Time had brought up the 1>utch Fleet, 
 brought alio the Prince with his Squadron in 
 View of the Duke's Ships, which now ap- 
 pear'd in the moft feafonable Minute, having 
 made all the Sail they could to come to his 
 Relief. Nor was the Duke lefs willing to join 
 the Prince and his Squadron. But, in making 
 their Way towards him, feveral of the princi- 
 pal Ships, and, among the reft, the Duke in 
 the Royal Charles came a-ground on the 
 Gaffer or the Gallofer Sands, but had all of 
 them the good Fortune to get ofF again ; on- 
 ly the Royal Trincey a great and brave Fri- 
 
 General Monk. 381 
 
 gat, was fo deeply ftranded, that it was not 
 pofllble to bring her bfF, but' became a Prey 
 to the Enemy, where Sit George Aifcough 
 that commanded in her, and his Company, 
 were taken Prifoners: And when the'Dutch 
 alfo had in vain attempted to gether off the 
 Sands, at Night rhey burnt her down. This 
 unfortunate ftriking of fo many of our Ships 
 upon the Sands, gave the "Dutch fo great an 
 OpportiTnity of deft toying the Duke's Fleet, 
 as they have Caufe never to forgive the 
 Commmanders that made no greater Advan- 
 tage of it, where all might have been loft, if 
 the Enemy had been brave enough to have 
 adventured for it. 
 
 XVI. S o foon as the T>utch obfervM the 
 Approach of the Prince with his Squadron, 
 de Ruyter fent over a Party of between twen- 
 ty and thirty Ships to meet him, himfelf with 
 the reft of the Fleet ftill attending the Moti- 
 on of the Duke. This Squadron of the 
 T^utch Fleet fent out againft the Prince, 
 feem'd to provoke him to the Combat ; but 
 becaufe he as yet knew nothing of the State 
 of the Fleet, he refolv'd firft to lend off a 
 Veflel to the Duke, letting him know, that, 
 if he thought it moft advifable, he would 
 
 keep 
 
381 The LIFE of 
 
 keep to Windward, and engage that Party 
 M'hich had been fent out to brave him. Bur, 
 leaft the Veffel (hould not return Time enough 
 to prevent the Prince's Intention, his Grace 
 firft fir'd two Guns liom tht Royal Charles, to 
 eive him Warning, and made a Waft with his 
 Flaa ; and prelently after the MefTenger re- 
 turn'd alfo, and brought his Highnefs Cauti- 
 on from the Duke, That he Jhould by no 
 mans bear up the Squadron, there being a 
 dangerous Sand, called the Galloper, lying 
 between them, in'here feveral of his own 
 Ships had that "Day been jiranded; and, at 
 one End of it, the Royal Prince was loft: 
 That the Appearance of the Dutch Squadron 
 in that Tlace, was only to tempt them into 
 the Bank, and draw them into the toil. Up- 
 on this Advice, his Highnefs ptefently bore 
 away to the Northward, to get clear of thofe 
 dangerous Sands, and, by the Evening, made 
 his Way to the Duke's Fleet, the Enemy all 
 this while, not offering them any Diftarbance. 
 But fo foon as they perceiv'd the EngUjh 
 Fleet to be aU join'd, the 'Dutch Fleet pre* 
 fently haled clofe upon a Wind, and went 
 out of Sight. 
 
 XVII. The Duke prrfently haften'd to at- 
 tend 
 
 General Monk. 385 
 
 tend his Highnefs in the Royal Jamesy and 
 gave him an Account of all Particulars in thelc 
 three Days Adtion. That Night a Council 
 of War was called, where were prefent Sir 
 Thomas Allyn^ Sir Chripfher Mings, Sir 
 Edward Sfrag, and the reft ; where it was 
 agreed. That it would be injurious to his 
 Majefty's Honour, and the Refolution of the 
 Englifli Fleet, to let the Dutch go off thuSf 
 and to carry home with them theAffearance 
 of an Advantage : That the Courage of the 
 Sea-men was fill brave and high, and the 
 Fleet in Heart \ their Hulls being all un- 
 touch d, and the T>amage hitherto being only 
 in their Shrouds and Tackling : That by the 
 working of the Enemy's Fleet all this ^ayj 
 when our Fleet retreated, it appeared, tho^ 
 they were fb much higher in Number, yet 
 they were hwer in Courage. 
 
 XVIII. It was therefore refolvU That, the 
 next "Day, they would fall upon the Enemy ; 
 and that his Highnefs^ s Squadron, being 
 freflj and untouched, and being the beft fail^ 
 ing Frigats in the Fleet, jhould lead the 
 Van. 
 
 XIX. And on Munday, by the Morning ^/^^f 4 
 
 Lighr, 
 
 3 
 
384 T^' LIFE of 
 
 Light, the Englijh Fleet was under Sail ; and, 
 t\icT>utch being gone out of Sight, they flood 
 their Courfe after them ; and fome while af- 
 ter, recovered Sight of their Fleet, who made 
 their Way at Leifure towards their own 
 Coafts. For, befides what Damage they had 
 themfelves known and feen in the Englijh 
 Fleet after three Days Fighting, they had re- 
 ceiv'd from thofe Prifoners they had taken 
 out of the Royal "Prince, fuch an Account of 
 the Ihattered and difabled Condition of the 
 Englijh Fleet, that they could not eafily be- 
 lieve the Prince and Duke would have the 
 Courage to purfue them ; or, if they fhould, 
 yet the "Dutch had fo much Wit in their An- 
 cer, as they would endeavour to fight near 
 home, whereby, upon any Difadvantage , 
 they might more eafily run into their own 
 Stations,^ whither the Englijh could not eafi- 
 ly follow them. 
 
 XX. By eight of the Clock the Englijh 
 Fleet was got up to them; and the ^uuh, 
 having got the Weatherg^e, put their Fleet 
 inReadinefs, and fell into a Line all to Wind- 
 ward of the Englijh Fleet ; which, coming 
 up in very good Order, ranged themfelves 
 for the Fight. Sir Chrijio^her Mings with 
 
 his 
 
 General MonR:. 38J 
 
 his Divifion led the Van^ next the Prince 
 with his Squadron, and then Sir Edward 
 Sfrag, having the Duke of Albemarle in the 
 Rear. The' Fight was begun with that Cou- 
 rage on both Sides, and continued with fuch 
 Ficrcenefs, as any one would have thought it 
 the firft Day's Encounter, rather than their 
 fourth. In the firft Rear- Admiral Mings, and 
 fome other Ships, were difabled, and prefent- 
 ly enforced to quit the Fight, whilft the 
 Prince with his frefli Squadron, found the 
 Enemy Work on all Hands, fucceeded by the 
 Duke, who revengingly charged them. 
 
 XXI. One of their Vice- Admirals, being 
 a ftout Ship, boldly attempted to board him, 
 coming up fo near, that the Shroud Arms 
 touched each other; but his Grace received 
 him with fo full a Broad-fide, and pour'd up* 
 on him fo fmart a VoUy of his fmall Shot, 
 that he immediately fell a Stern, and appeared 
 no more, nor any other to fucceed in his 
 Room : And Trump received fuch another 
 Broad- fide from the Royal Catherine, as ut- 
 terly difabled him for the reft of the Day. But 
 the Dutch, knowing his Grace's Squadron, 
 by the former three Days Fight, to be weak- 
 er than the reft, charged fiercely upon him, 
 
 C c and 
 
 'Jk\ 
 
 'V^.i 
 
Ui 
 
 I 
 
 M! 
 
 Il«i 
 
 'l 
 t 
 
 386 The LIFE of 
 
 md gave him no Breath, whilfl the Duke, by 
 his extraordinary Condud and infinite Cou- 
 rse, io managed the Force of his Squadron, 
 improving vigoroufly fuch Ships as were in 
 Heart and Strength, and warily flieltering 
 fuch as were moft difabled, that he (till gain- 
 ed Ground upon the Enemy. 
 
 XXII. Both the Prince and Duke had, in 
 this Day's Engagement, five times pafled 
 through the Body of the "Dutch Fleet, at e- 
 very Pafs making fome fignal Impreflion up- 
 on them. And by this time the T>utch were 
 fought fo low, that Part of the Fleet began 
 to think of fecuring themfelves by retreating; 
 and, among the reft, de Ruyter, who, to dif- 
 guife his Flight, or to fecure it, made Shew 
 as if he would tack again ; which being ob- 
 fcrv'd by the Prince, who, towards Evening, 
 with eight or ten of his Frigats had got to 
 Windward of the Enemy's Fleet, he was re- 
 folv'd to bear in upon them, and at one Pufli 
 to compleat the Vidory, by putting them to 
 the Run. At the fame Inftant his Main-top- 
 inaft, being terribly ihaken, came all by the 
 Board; and the Duke, who alfo at the fame 
 time ftood by the Leeward of the Enemy 
 with his Squadron, gave Order to tack and 
 ^ join 
 
 General Monk. 387 
 
 join with the Prince, in this conchiding 
 Charge upon the Enemy ; but having, in the 
 laft Pafs, received two Shots in his Powder- 
 Room between Wind and Water, they could 
 not prcfently be flopped : His Main-top-maft 
 alfo was fo ftatter'd by a Shot through it, 
 that he was forc'd to lower his Top-fail ; and 
 at the fame Time his Fore-maft had receiv'd 
 fb many Shots, that it was difabled for fur- 
 ther Service at preient. By which unhappy 
 Accidents the Dutch Fleet gain'd a lucky Op- 
 portunity to make the beft of their Way, 
 and got off much fairer than otherwife they 
 Ihould have done, being purfu'd by fome of 
 the nimbler Frigats whilft their Powder and 
 the Light lafted. In this Engagement the 
 Dutch had fix Ships fir'd and funk ; on the 
 Englijh Side were loft only the Trine e 
 (worth all the Dutch loft) and the EffeXj 
 having grappled with 2^ Dutch Ship, was by 
 others boarded and taken. Two Days after, 
 his Highncfs and the Duke brought the Fleet 
 to an Anchor in the Gun-fleet ; but a great 
 Part of them fo miferably torn and Ihattery, 
 that they had little elfe to boaft of, except the 
 honourable Marks of a fevere Engagement. 
 From thence the Fleet was diftributed into fe- 
 veral Harbours, to be refitted with all pof 
 
 C c X fible^ 
 
 i^i 
 
 ■ ■ 1 
 
 V 
 
^U Tie LIFE of 
 
 fible Speed ; and the Commiffioners of the 
 Navy were ftriaiy oHig'd to infpea: the Dif- 
 patch. His Highnefs and the Duke of Albe^ 
 marie haften'd then to London to attend his 
 Majefty: To whom they were the more 
 Welcome, by thofe extraordinary Services 
 and Hazards they had pafled through, 
 
 XXIII. This Adion of the Dnke's, in ad- 
 venturing to fight the Tititch after the divid- 
 ing the Fleet, was by feveral Men varioufly 
 confidered. His Enemies, though they ac- 
 knowledg'd his Courage and Generofity, yet 
 did greatly accufe his Diferetion ; and did fug- 
 ged. That a little Allay of the Coward was 
 a fafer Ingredient tn a General^ than fuch 
 vaji and tranfcendent Rajhnefs: And tho' 
 he came off we 11^ yet he intrujled Fortune 
 with a greater Stock than a wife Man would 
 fut into her Hands. But his Majefty, and 
 all difcerning Perfons, had another Opinion 
 of this extraordinary Adion : That it was 
 grounded on the greateji Reafon and Necef 
 fity^ and that the Honour of the Nation was 
 concerned in it : That he had thereby given 
 the great eft Inftance of his own and the Eng- 
 iifli Trowefs ; and had raifed the Refuta- 
 tion of his Majefty' s Naval Force to fuch an 
 
 Height 
 
 General Monk. * i%^ 
 
 Height ofGloryj as would render him more 
 terrible to his Enemies^ and dejir'd by his 
 Allies. 
 
 XXIV. And, if we will hear the Opinion 
 of the ^utch themfelves, who, in this la- 
 ilance, may be counted the beft and moft im- 
 partial Judges, it is manifeft, that this En- 
 counter of fifty Frigats againft all the Force 
 they could make, gave them a greater Appre- 
 henfion and Dread of his Majefty's Power ai: 
 Sea, than all the Victories which had been 
 gain'd on them : So that, though the Con- 
 fidence of the common People was to be 
 kept up with Bubble and Brandy, yet their 
 Governors difcern'd their own Danger and. 
 Inability; and that his Majefty's Fleet, under 
 an high and great Condud, had a Force and 
 Courage more than humane. Which made the 
 IzitHttr dePFit (accounted the wifeft Man in 
 the Nation, and who then govern'd their Af- 
 iairs, and who was never guilty of much Re- 
 Iped: to his Majefty, and the Englifly^Mr 
 on ) acknowledge to Sir William Temple ^ his 
 Majefty's Ambaflador then to the States of 
 Holland^ " That, by this Engagement of the 
 " Duke of Albemarle^ we had gain'd more 
 ^ Honour to our Nation, and to the invii;- 
 
 Cc 3 '^cible 
 
\v 
 
 »t 
 
 390 The LI F E of 
 
 « cible Courage of the Seamen, tlian by the 
 « other two Vidories. That he was ftire the 
 « Dutch could never have been brought on 
 ^ the other two Days, after the Difadvantagc 
 « of the firft; and he believed no other Na- 
 ^ tion was capable of it except the Englijh:" 
 But if his Grace was too daring in this En- 
 counter, yet the "Dutch were certainly much 
 more too cowardly, in negleding the Ad- 
 vantage of it. Had the Duke been pofTefs'd 
 of half thofe Advantages upon the Enemy, 
 he would have given Security, at the Price 
 of his own Head, to have deftroy'd or taken 
 their whole Fleet. But the T>ntch had got 
 off fo much better than they hoped for, from 
 this Encounter, that they were willing to 
 fanfy it for a Vi(aory : So that it was not on^ 
 ly owned as fuch by their own People, with 
 whom fuch Contrivances are politickly necef- 
 fary ; but was publilh'd alfo in the Courts of 
 foreign Princes, who, being better informed 
 in the Circumftances of the Adion, greatly 
 fmiled at the "Dutch Vanity, 
 
 XXV. The States in the interim had re- 
 rcpaird their Fleet with fuch extraordinary 
 Diligence and Difpatch, (in wliicfc Inftance 
 only they may be thought to exceed their 
 
 Neighbours) 
 
 General Monk. 391 
 
 Neighbours) as they were again got out to 
 Sea with about an hundred Sail; and, that 
 they might appear to have been vidorious ia 
 the late Engagement, came and lay upon tlie 
 Englijh Coafts: With which, not only their 
 own People, but the feditious and difcontent- 
 ed in England were well fatisfy'd. Yet all 
 this was but Pretence, and a Copy of their 
 Countenance. For the Dutch very well kutss^ 
 that his Majcfty's Fleec would not yet be r£a* 
 dy; and fo foon as it was, they prefently 
 drew ofT, not for Sea Room, as the Englijh 
 iifed to do from the Coafts of Holland^ but, 
 in cafe they were forc'd to an Engagement; 
 to lye near the Retirements of their own 
 Shores. 
 
 XXVI. By this Time the Prince and Dufcc 
 of Alhemat'le had ufed fuch Induftry, that his 
 Majefty's Fleet was in Readinefs to come to , 
 a Rendezvouz at the Biioy of the NorCj Ju^^ 
 the i7'\ and from thence, July xz. fail'd to 
 the Gun-jUet. The next Day they flood to jui.13 
 Sea after the Enemy's Fleet, who kept under 
 Sail before them towards their own Coafts. 
 And on July xf. by fix in the Morning, gotj^^u^ 
 within two Leagues of the Dutch Fleer, who 
 thereupon failing in very good Order, brought 
 
 C c 4 themfelves 
 
391 The LIFE of 
 
 themfelves into a Crefcent ; and the Englijhj 
 as they came up, fell into a Line ; both fides 
 having divided themfelves into three Squa- 
 drons. 
 
 XXVII. Between nine and ten in the 
 Morning the Fight begun. The White Squa- 
 dron, led by Sir Thomas Allen^ rode in the 
 Head of the Fleet ; and, coming clofe up to 
 the Enemy, the Anne began to fire, and pre- 
 fently the White Squadron was wholly en- 
 gag'd with the Enemy's Van. And the Red 
 Squadron next advancing upon theBody of the 
 Stitch Fleet led by de Ruyter^ and then the 
 Blue Squadron undertook the Zealand Divi- 
 fion; fo that by Noon all our Fleet was in 
 with them. This Encounter, though it lafted 
 not long, yet, for the Time of its continuance, 
 was Iharp enough : In which the l^utch had 
 feveral Ships liink and fired ; and fome of our 
 own, as the Royal Catharine^ the St. George,^ 
 the Rttpert^ and another Ship of the White 
 Squadron, were {o dilabled as they came out 
 of the Line, and lay by to mend. His High- 
 nefs and the Duke being both in the Royal 
 Charles^ bore up to Admiral de Ruyter 
 within Musket Shot, and fought him hand to 
 hand for fomc time, till they came out of 
 
 their 
 
 General Monk. 395 
 
 their Line to refit their Tackling, leaving the 
 
 Place to Sit'Jofefb Jordan in the Royal So^ 
 
 ^ereign^ who ply'd him fo warmly, that he 
 
 fhot down his Top-maft, and funk his Fite- 
 
 Ihip by his fide. In half an Hour's Time tjie 
 
 Prince and Duke-ftood in again, engaging the 
 
 fecond Time fo clofely ^'\i\i de Ruyter^ as, 
 
 haying rec^v'd feventeen Shot in his Ship 
 
 under the Water, and double the Number in 
 
 his Hull above, he was glad to give Wayi 
 
 a«id retire. All the Damage to the Royal 
 
 Charles was only in her Tackling; where 
 
 they had no Ropes nor Steerage left, but flic 
 
 was towed out of the Line by Boats., his 
 
 Highnefs and his Grace removing into the 
 
 Rfiyal James : About this time Sir Robert 
 
 Holmes y having loft both his Top-mafts, lay 
 
 by a while to repair. And now the Refolu- 
 
 tiony being firft difabled, was burnt by a Fire- 
 
 fliip fent upon her by Van Trump : Captain 
 
 Hannam'i who commanded in her, bravely 
 
 iplear'd himfelf of the Fire-fliip; but the Flame 
 
 was advanced fo far, as he could not poflibly 
 
 preferve his Ship; yet himfelf and Ship's 
 
 Company faved themfelves by Boats which 
 
 were fent off to them from fiich Ships as lay 
 
 neareft. For fome Time before, the Enemy 
 
 W§s obferv'd to give Ground; between one 
 
 and 
 
 \ 
 

 V' ' 
 
 
 394 7>&^ LIFE of 
 
 two of the Ciock the Van was already got 
 off with all the Wind they could make; and 
 now, about four in the Afternoon, de Ruyter 
 with the Body of their Fleet began to run ; 
 but made frequait Tacks to fetch off his 
 ihattered and maimed Ships. In one where- 
 of he hazarded his own Safety to refcue his 
 fecond ; which was fo difabled, as it was not 
 poffible for him to retrieve her. And now, 
 befides what the T>utch had loft in the Fi^t, 
 fcveral other Ships were loft as they fled a- 
 way. About feven at Night the Royal James 
 took Vice- Admiral Bancharts Ship of fixty 
 Guns, himfelf efcaping a-board Captain de 
 Haes. And the Snake of Harlem, a flow 
 new Ship of fixty fix Guns, was alfb taken, 
 and both of them fir'd by the Englijh, being 
 carneft in the Purfuit. All this while Sir Je- 
 remy Smith with the Blue Squadron ftood 
 cng^ed with Van Trump and the Zealand 
 Divifion, till, toward Night, they alfo made 
 all the Sail they could to the Northward, 
 and the Blue Suadron in the Purfuit till Night 
 parted them. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 General Monk. 
 CHAP. XXX. 
 
 19% 
 
 I, II. The Dutch ^re beaten into tljeir own 
 Harivur. Ill, IV. The Lofs m each Side. 
 V. The Trinee and "Duke refolve to an- 
 €f^r upon the Dutch CQaJis. VI, VII. Sir 
 Robert Holn^s makes a "Defient upon the 
 Ifinmd of Schelling, plunders and hums 
 the Town of Brandaris, with an hundred, 
 and fifty Ships in the Harbour, VIII, 
 Tloe Dutch put to Sea again ^ and fail to- 
 wards the French Coafis, in hopes ofjmn^ 
 ing them. The Englifti Fleet goes in Twr^ 
 fuit of them, 
 
 I I ^HE T>utch Fleet being gone offi h« 
 Jl Highnefs and the EKike this Night 
 gave Order to Sir Thomas Allen in the Royal 
 Oaky with two other Frigats, to keep near 
 them, and to put up Lights that might give 
 Notice, in cafe the Enemy fhould alter his 
 Gourie; which was {o efled:ually performed, 
 that, by the firft Light of the Morning, Sir 
 Thomas Allen found himfelf not much above 
 Musket flK>t from de Ruyter's Lee, and then 
 tacked towards our own Fle^t. This Morn- 
 ing early the Prince and Duke drew the 
 Fleet into a Line, and made all the Sail they 
 
 could 
 
 I' 
 
 i 
 
11'- 
 
 !1 
 
 ^^6 Hoe LIFE of 
 
 could, to get up with the Dutch ; but there 
 was fo little Wind, that they could not pof- 
 fibly teach them. But while the Ships, foi 
 want of Wind, could not make fail, the Fan- 
 Fan^ a little Pleafure-boat built at Harwich 
 for the Service of Prince Rupert, by the 
 Help of her Oars, where the Frigats, for want 
 of Wind, could not come, made up to de Ruy- 
 t€r\ and bringing her two little Guns to bear 
 on one fide, ply'd the Admiral's Ship Broad- 
 fide to Broad-fide for almoft an Hour : The 
 Admiral having fpent feveral Guns to no pur- 
 pofe upon her, till at latt he gave her two or 
 three Shot between Wind and Water, with 
 which flie retired ; having thereby let the 
 Enemy fee, at how low a Rate they valued 
 the Belgick Lion, whom they had fo often 
 worried. Afterwards, the Wind a little in- 
 creafing, the Prince and Duke made their 
 Way towards de Ruyter, who found him- 
 felf fo difabled by Yefterday's Engagement, 
 that both his Men and Ships were out of 
 Courage to (land another Encounter, but bore 
 away before them. The Englijh Fleet chaf- 
 ing them over feveral Banks and Flats, till the 
 great Ships came to fix Fathoms Water, and 
 the lefs continu'd iii Purluit within two Miles 
 of their own Shores. And, had there beeu 
 V . Wind 
 
 • General Monk. 397 
 
 Wind enough in this Retreat, both de Ruy- 
 ter, and feveral of his Ships, had certainly 
 been taken or deftroy'd. But there being fo 
 great a Calm, the T>utch^\\v^% drawing lefs 
 Water, made their Way fafter than the Eng- 
 lijh could purfue them, and fo efcaped into 
 the Harlow Chanel of Zealand. 
 
 II. The fame Day Sir Jeremiah Smithy 
 With the Blue Squadron, preffed fo hard up- 
 on Van Trump and his Divifion, that he beat 
 them all into their own Port of the Weel^ 
 ings. 
 
 III. In this Engagement the Freezland 
 and Zealand Squadrons were thought to have 
 loft the better half of their Men. In their 
 whole Fleet were eftimated about four thou- 
 fand Men killed, two thoufand wounded. The 
 Commanders of Note that fell in this Fight 
 were. Evert fin of Zealand, Termick Hides 
 Admiral of Freezland, and Conders his Vice- 
 Admiral, with about twelve of their principal 
 Captains. 
 
 IV. The Lofs on the Englijh fide was 
 greatly difproportionable, having loft but few 
 in the Fight, and not above three hundred 
 
 wounded. 
 
 .1 
 
 • • 
 
 t.. 
 
^1 
 
 398 ne LIFE of 
 
 wounded, upon a ftrid Computation. And, 
 among the Officers, were kilFd only Captain 
 Seymour in the Forefight^ Captain Martin 
 in the Eaft-India^ London^ and Captain Tar- 
 ker in the Tarmouth ; Captain Saunders only 
 in the Breda dangeroufly wounded. And but 
 one Ship wanting, namely the Refolution^ of 
 which we have given Account before. 
 
 3W27 V. The Day after the Fight the Prince 
 and Duke, at a Council of War, refolv'd to 
 fend home thofe few Ships that were difabled, 
 and to ply upon the T>utch Coafts, in Expe- 
 d:ation of fome further Advantage upon the 
 Enemy, who could not make this Engage- 
 ment pafs among the People for a Victory, 
 when they faw every Day the Engltjh Fleet 
 at Anchor in View of their Shores. 
 
 VI. Neither would the Courage and 
 Refolution of his Majefty's Fleet content it 
 felf to lye idly upon the Enemy's Coafts; 
 but the Prince and Duke having received In- 
 formation from a difcontented T>upch Cap- 
 tain, how eafy it was to make an Attempt up- 
 on the Ifland of Schellingj and Town of 
 Brandarisy commanded Sir Robert Holmes 
 to go upon that Expedition ; who according- 
 
 General Monk. 
 
 399 
 
 ly, taking with him eleven Foot Companies^ 
 and eight fmall Frigats, with five Fire-ftiips> 
 befides feverai Ketches and Boats, in the 
 Morning early entered the Chanel ; and, be- 
 ing come into Sc helling Road, Sir Robert 
 and the Captains with him, oblerving a con- 
 liderable Fleet of about an hundred and twen- 
 ty Sail, riding thick and clofe together at 
 Anchor in the Vly, with few Men of War a- 
 mong them for their Afllftance, refolv'd to 
 attempt the firing of them: Whereupon Sir 
 Robert Holmes left the Advice and Hamp- 
 jhire Frigats without, to fecurq the Buoys, 
 left the Enemy ihould fend fome VefTels to 
 take them away, and {o hazard their Retreat 
 in an unknown Chanel. The Pembroke and 
 three Ketches and Boats, with one Foot Com- 
 pany, and Sir Robert Holmes himfelf in the 
 little Fan-Fan that had lately braved de Ruy- 
 terj with the five Fire-fhips a-head, went in 
 upon the T^utch Fleet, and prefently fir'd 
 two Tiutch Men of War, and fome other 
 Ships, that, upon the Alarm, ftood to de- 
 fend the Fleet. The Boats then were fent to 
 burn the reft of the Ships ; which was diC- 
 patch'd with fuch Succefs, that prefently all 
 their Ships were on Fire, except a Guinea- 
 man of twenty four Guns, and three fmall 
 
 Privateers, 
 
j^6o He LIFE of 
 
 Privateers, that, hailing together in the nar- 
 row of the Channel, preferv'd themfclves, 
 and five Sail more that were behind them, fo 
 as the Boat could not poffibly get up to 
 
 them. 
 
 ■■'{i 
 
 - VII. The Tyger^ Affurance, Dragon,Gar- 
 land, and Sweep flakes, ftbod in Schelling 
 Road, with five Foot-Companies, to prevent 
 any Surprizal from the Enemy, whilft the o- 
 ther five Companies went on Shore upon the 
 Iflaud of Schelling for the Town of Bran- 
 darts; which, in half an Hour's Time, was 
 all on a Flame, and above a thoufand Houfes 
 were confumed. The Spoil and Plunder both 
 in the Ships and Houfes, were wholly aban- 
 doned to the Seamen and Soldiers, where 
 fome of them found great Booties. And, 
 having deftroy'd more than an hundred and 
 fifty Sail of the Enemy's Ships, Sir Robert 
 Holmes returned fafely, having not above 
 twelve Men kill'd or wounded in the Adion. 
 And, being come back to the Fleet, the Prince 
 and Duke fent Sir 'Philip Howard, who was 
 one of thofe eleven Captains that went on 
 this Expedition, to give his Majefty an Ac- 
 count thereof. 
 
 VIII. The 
 
 General Monk. 401 
 
 VIII. The Prince and Duke continued ftill 
 upon the ^utch Coafts, intercepting their 
 Trade and Ships; and, about the middle of 
 Auguft^ returned with their Fleet to their 
 own Shores^ having fpent all their Provifion, 
 and much of their Ammunition ; both which 
 were to be fupply'd again ax home. But fome 
 VefTels for Intelligence were ftill continued on 
 the T>utch Coafts ; and, toward the End of 
 this Month, brought Account, that the Ene- 
 my was coming out with a Fleet of eighty 
 Sail ; who took this Advantage of the Eng- 
 lijh Fleet's Retreat, to get out with all the 
 Hafte they could make, and failed towards 
 the French Harbours, hoping to join with 
 their new Ally, who hitherto had given them 
 no Afliftance, 
 
 IX. The News of the Enemy's Fleet 
 coming forth, was quickly brought to the 
 Prince and Duke of Albemarle^ who made 
 all the Hafte poffible to get the Fleet in Rea- 
 dinefs to fall on them. And, about the firft seit.i. 
 of September J came up to them, having 
 gotten French Harbour in the Bay of Sta-^ 
 flesy where the Englijh Fleet flood rea- 
 dy to engage them; but the Enemy kept 
 
 P 4 themfelves 
 
 i 
 
i 
 
 40^ The LIFE op 
 
 themfelves clofe in the Harbour. The Wea- 
 ther was now very tcmpeftuous by a ftrong 
 Eafterly Wind, and the Englijh could not 
 conveniently weather it;- and, perceiving the 
 Enemy not willing to fight, the Prince and 
 Duke retir'd to St. HeUen's Bay, That being 
 a fafe and commodious Station, where they 
 might intercept the joining of the 'Dutch 
 and French Fleet, then lyii^ about Rfichel. 
 
 Kc^JTy 
 
 ii'vC* '^-'l 
 
 . fj^ 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 QENfcR'AL Monk. 403 
 
 Hi' 
 
 
 .loiJt ■ - C H J^tJRj -..XXXI. . 
 I, The Fire of hondm^ll ThefDuke com- 
 71, manded home for ibi^^^Jpfiance upon that 
 Occafion, III. No farther ABion at Sea 
 this Tear. IV . TheMefhods tahn next 
 V Tear fv bring th^ J>s^%cl^Mfome A£tion^ or 
 to Teace. V. The 'Dijiribution of the 
 EngHfli Fleet, VI. The Dutch make an 
 Attempt ufon Chatham, but afterwards 
 fubmit to a "Peace, VII, VIII, IX. The 
 • ^uke taken ill^ his T)iflemper^ the Courfe 
 of it, X. He returns to London, grows 
 worfe. XI. His Advice to the Members 
 of Parliament J and Minifiers of State^ 
 who come to fee him, XII, XIII. Marries 
 his Son to a daughter of the Duke of 
 Newcaftle. XIV , Sequejiers himfelf from 
 all fublick Affairs, XV. His Death. 
 XVI. Some of his mofl important Actions 
 €7inmerated, XVII. His Death univer- 
 fally lamented. XVIII. His Funeral cele- 
 brated at the King's Charge, XIX. A 
 fhyfical Account of the Author's concern- 
 ing the Caufe of his Death, XX. His Bo- 
 . dy lies in State at Somerfet Houfe, 
 
 > 
 
 Pel* 
 
 J. WHILST 
 
404 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 fvi *^ mf\ f*ti 
 
 
 IT7t7HILST the Fortune of England^ 
 V V by fo many Naval Succefles a- 
 broad, tun thus high upon the Wato-^ ^t was 
 fuddenly arrefted by , a fatal Fire at home; 
 s.;m which about tUsXmt {September %.) be- 
 gan, and, in three Days time, burnt down 
 the greateft Part of the City ; which the Ci- 
 tizens computed at above one thoufand three 
 hundred Houfes, befides fo great a Lofs of 
 Goods and Wares, as can never be duly efti- 
 mated. And, after the Aftonifhment of this 
 Conflagration it felf, the next Wonder is, that 
 the Minds of Men have been no ways clearly 
 fatisfied about the Beginning or Continuance 
 of it. 
 
 II. After fo great a Blow upon the Me- 
 tropolis of the Nation, it pleafed his Majefty 
 to command the Duke of Albemarle from 
 Sea, to be near his Perfon and Comilels in fo 
 diftradcd a Time ; who accordingly came 
 back to London about two Days^after the 
 Fire was quenched. 
 
 III. It might have been here expeded, 
 that the T)utcb Fleer, now in Conjundiou 
 
 J wich 
 
 - -I y ■ ■Br 'iBr • ■ 
 
 with France^ would have taken this Oppor- 
 tunity of fighting his Majafty'$N4vy, which 
 all tills while Hood reisdy for them, ^ut the 
 late Engagement, uponi :^'\^\n% the Fleet, 
 had coft them fodear, they were not willing 
 to try a fecond Experiment; and were fo far 
 from ccraaing to a F4ghtiafter the Union with 
 x\\z French Ships^ that, though his Majefty 
 kept out his Fleet till the Seafon was over, 
 yet the Enemy trifled away the Time with- 
 out coming to ASion : So that his Grace 
 went no more this Year to the Fleet, but 
 continued at home, afllfting with the Pxivy- 
 Council for rebuilding the City. 
 
 IV. And for the next Year his Majefty, 
 having taken other Methods, was pleas'd to 
 excule him from any further Service at Sea : 
 For the Dutch were contriving as dilatory a 
 War with his Majefty of Great Britain^ as 
 they had formerly managed with their natu- 
 ral Prince Th'tlif II. to weary him with De- 
 lays. So that in England there was more 
 Fear about the Continusmce and Charge of 
 the War, (efpecially after the burning of the 
 City) than for the Event of it. This Year i<J^7 
 therefore it was rdblv'd, inftead of dancing 
 
 Dd 3 Attendance 
 
 
4o^ m'li^FE ofr 
 
 Attendance after their fighting Fleet, to turn 
 the War upon their Trade, and intercept 
 their Commetde ; ' i^hereby th^ "Dutch Fleet 
 would be enforced, cfther to follow' theit 
 Blows more rotitiSf^ ^^ot' fubmit to a Peace. 
 
 4 iV^iiiiilJU V 
 
 V. In ordfei^ tb this Refohition, his Majc- 
 fty had taken Care to fecure the ir if ijh 
 Seas, by appointing a convenient Number of 
 Ships to lye upon the Goafts about Scotland^ 
 and another Squadron to ply about Tort/^ 
 mouth ; fo that neither Way the Merchant- 
 Ships fliould be able to pafs without Hazard. 
 The reft of his Majefty's Fleet was put into 
 the Harbour at Chatham ; and, for their Se- 
 curity and Defence, Order was given for the 
 better fortifying Sheernefs^ at the Mouth of 
 the River, for the planting of Guns at Vfnor 
 Caftle, which commanded the Stream; and 
 to fecure the River Medway with a large and 
 ftrong Chain. 
 
 Vl. Of this Umber and dtwStile Contrivance 
 the Duke of Albemarle was neither the Au- 
 thor nor Promoter ; which yet might have 
 liicceeded much better, if any Part of the 
 Inftnidions had been duly piofecuted. • But 
 
 the 
 
 G^N^R'^L Monk. 407 
 
 the 1>utchy finding Chatham-, and the Parts a- 
 bout it, unable to ^ make a Defejice, took 
 tbpfp Advant^es v^on the Water, which it 
 was impoflible for the Dak^.f^^j^emrle, 
 and thofe Lai^d Forces, which, to tjie Number 
 of one thoufand five hundred Foot, and five 
 or fix hundred Hofif ,, ,>!^e|:e fent firom Lou- 
 don thither under his Condud, to deprive 
 them of. Wherefore doing as much as could 
 be effeded by Land againft an Enemy at Sea, 
 the Duke fecured the Coaft and the Country ; 
 and, letting them know that Albemarle was 
 ftill alive, difpofcd the Tiutch to a Peace ; :?«»'• 
 which was concluded between his Majefty 
 and the States not long after in the feme Sum- 
 mer. After which, having no further Occa- 
 fion to ufe his Sword, he return'd xo enjoy 
 the Benefit of that Peac,e, which his Courage 
 and Condud had helped to procure. 
 
 VII. From which Time he divided him- 
 felf between his Majefty 's Service (which in 
 any the leaft Inftance he would never neg- 
 led) and his own private Af&irs; till he ar- 
 rived to the fixtieth Year of his Age, 
 
 
 - ' ■ i 
 
 Vm. And now that firm and good Con- 
 
 D d 4 ' ftitution 
 
 i568 
 
1 
 
 4o8 The LIFE of 
 
 ftitution of Body, That, great and conftant 
 Hcakhj which he had lo long enjoyed, be* 
 gan to impair in him; which Decays were 
 more haftily promoted, hy the Hardfliips of 
 a Soldiers Life in his younger Days; arid 
 were further advanced, by the continual 
 Weight of puWick Cares in his declining Age. 
 His general Indilpofition of Body difcover'd 
 it felf iix the Beginnings of a Dropfy, againft 
 which no timely Care was employed : For, 
 though his Grace was very well pleas'd with 
 the Realbns and Difcourle of Phyficians, yet, 
 through an uninterrupted Health, he had a 
 kind of Averlenefs to Medicines, or Methods 
 of Phyfick. In this Condition .be retir'd 
 himfelf to his Seat at New- Ha II in Ejfex^ in 
 Hopes that the frefli Air might have fome 
 good Effed: upon his Body ; and, by this Re- 
 treat and Recefs from publick Bufuiefs, he 
 might recover his Health. 
 
 IX. Which, proving othcrwiie, and his 
 Dropfy and Shortnefs of Breath ftill increaf- 
 ing, be was perfuaded, by the Importunity 
 of his Friends, and particularly by one who 
 had been an Officer in his Army, to ufe a 
 Pill, which, at that Time, had fome Reputa- 
 tion 
 
 D»- Set* 
 
 General Monk. 409 
 
 tion fof curing the Dropfy, and was then in 
 the Hands of a Perfon that hid fonberly been 
 a Soldier under him in Scot land itnd being 
 informed, that the Reined;^ might be try'd 
 without aAy fl:ri(9:Meth6d Or Confinement, 
 h<s 'Was the more inclin^le to make fome Ex- 
 periment of it. Which-,^ rfio\:^h it never cf^ 
 feded any thing worthy the Name of a Cure, 
 yet, upon the frequent Ufe thereof, it fo dif^ 
 charg'd the Deluge of wateriih Humour, as 
 the adive Parts of his Blood began again to 
 recover ; fo that the Difficulty of his breath- 
 ing, and the fwelling in his Body and Legs, 
 were very much relieved. And all Men, be- 
 ing fb greatly defirous of his Life and Health, 
 they were ready to perluade him into the Con- 
 fidence of a greater Amendment than there 
 really was. 
 
 X. With this Opinion, at the End of the 16(^9 
 Summer, he returned back to London : But, 
 upon the Approach of the Winter, his Blood 
 declining again with the Year, his Droply 
 encreafed upon him, with the fame Accidents 
 as t before; nor could his former Remedy, 
 which, by the Opinion of curing him before, 
 was grown to a great Reputation, avail any 
 
 thing 
 
4IO The 'LIFE ef 
 
 thing to prcfcrve his Grace, and its own Cre- 
 dit, by -a fecond Recovery. 
 
 10 
 
 . ii'.oxn 
 
 •.j*i ' 
 
 IflOll 
 
 XL The Noifc of his Relapfe^ and the 
 imminent Danger .bf it, being quickly 
 fpread about the Town, all his Friends and 
 Retainers came to make their Vifits to him. 
 Several alfo of the Houfe of Lords, and of 
 the Commons, then fitting, did frequently 
 attend him ; and, having accuftonied himlelf 
 to publick Cares, he could not part with 
 them in the midft of his own Difficulties; 
 but, with that little Breath he had left to fup- 
 port himfelf, difcourfed always very earneft- 
 ly with them about his Majefty's Service, and 
 the Good and Settlement of the Common- 
 wealth ; conjuring them ta freferve always 
 a good Vnderjiandtng between the two Hou- 
 fes ; and that his Majefiy's Crown and Go- 
 vernment ought never to fuffer any Incon- 
 venience by the Taffions or Trejudice of 
 thofe, who were fo nearly obliged to take 
 Care of it. '^ 
 
 XIL In this his Sicknefs (when the King 
 font continually, as well as the Duke oiTork, 
 to know his-Scate) he was frequently vifited 
 
 by 
 
 General Monk. 411 
 
 by his moft intimate and principal Friend the 
 Earl of Bath^ and alfo by the luotdi Arling* 
 ton ; to both whom he recommended the 
 Care of his Servants: For, as to his own 
 Concernments, he had brought them into a 
 narrow Room; having now but one mortal 
 Care upon him, which.iwas the Marriage of 
 his only Son, whom he was likely to leave 
 young, being then about fixteen or feventeen 
 Years of Age : So that his Grace was very de* 
 firous of living 10 long as to provide a Match 
 for him in fome ancient and loyal Family, 
 which were the principal Qualifications he 
 aimed at. To that End, fome Weeks before 
 his Death, he enter'd into a Treaty with the 
 Duke of Newcafile^ with whom he contra<9:- 
 ed a Match for his Son with the Lady Eli- 
 zabeth^ eldeft Daughter of the laid Duke, a 
 fair and virtuous Lady. By which Alliance 
 he united the Glories of the ancient Houles 
 of Newcafile and l^orchefler^ Cavendifh 
 and Vier^oint^ with his own Ducal Coro^ 
 net. 
 
 XIIL A N D finding , by his daily and en- 
 creafing Weaknefs, the Approach of hi? 
 Death, he made the more Hafre to conium- 
 
 mate 
 
Il- ( • 
 
 ; 
 ^ 
 
 4^i ne-in-E of 
 
 mate the Marriage. To that End, "De^m^ 
 vn.r- her %7. hf^6Vace feihtitey'4 the moft Part of 
 the Day in giVihg Itiftniaions to his ComVdl 
 at Law, f6r the better fettliftg his EftatC tipbn 
 his Sod, and thc'arignihg a Jointlif e ' iip6n 
 the yoi^hk^Lad)'. Arid three Days after, be^ 
 DaizincDecefnyr 30. the Marriage waj foletn^ 
 niz'd in the Duke's Chamber; where. With 
 that little Strength h^ 'had, be dehver'd the 
 Bride from his own Hand into the Arms of 
 his Son. 
 
 '■ . t 
 
 
 XIV Wh£n the Ceremony was ended, he 
 reem'd very much pleas'd that he had lived 
 to fee the Accomplifhment of it, being the 
 laft of his humane Cares. After which he le- 
 queftred himfelf from all mortal Affairs never 
 to be refomed more. 
 
 ' XV And now the extreme Difficulty of 
 breathing, which had all along been the moft 
 urieafy Part of his Sickneft, iocreaied fo vio- 
 lently upon him, that he could riot lye down 
 in his Bed, but cntertain'd himfelf only with 
 fomeihort Sleeps in his Chair. In whichPofture 
 
 he dy'd fottr Days after the Marriage of his 
 . ^x^y January I. ab6\it nine in the Mornmg^ 
 
 And as he liy'd ii^Silfnce, fo he dy'd with- 
 out J^ijoife; one eafy and finale Groan did the 
 Wpfk, 9f Death upon the ftouteft and moft 
 vahant ^erp of the Age he live^ jo. In his 
 Si^knefs he bad beeii.pften vifitedand com-J 
 foBtedby hisCrate the /then Arch-Bilhop of 
 Canterkity, arn^l, i^ th«fe his laft Minutes, 
 he. was affifted by the Prayersof the Bifhop 
 of Salisbury, who attended him to his laft 
 Breath, and dofed his Eyes. 
 
 XVI. Such was the Exit of this high and 
 illuftrious Perfon. After he had fur\ ived tea 
 thoufand Hazards of War and Battels, and 
 formounted as many Difficulties to redeem 
 his Country ; and, in his immortal March 
 from T^alke'tth to London^ had led two King- 
 doms in his own Triumph ; after he had re- 
 ftored his Majefty to his Crown, and had e- 
 reded the Trophies of his Courage and Pru- 
 dence in his Dominion at Land, and had 
 humbled the Pride of the ftubborn Enemy, 
 the T>utch, in two memorable Battels at Sea; 
 after he had ieen the Enemies of this Crown 
 under his Majefty's Feet, and, for ten Years, 
 faithfully aflifled in the Settlement of the 
 State} he exchanged this Mortal fox an hap* 
 
 py 
 
 i 
 
414 T^^ LIFE of 
 
 py Immortality, having lived fixty one YiearS 
 and twenty nine Days. 
 
 XVIL Th:b Report Qf^ his Death was quick- 
 ly conveyed firom his own Family to the 
 Court adjoining, where it affeded his Majefty 
 and all Perfons with a very particular Sor- 
 row; and the News thereof was enter- 
 tained in^ the City, and throughout the King- 
 dom, as a publick Lofs , and general Calami- 
 ty, all Men commenting on the Fall of this 
 their great Reftorer with an univerfal Sor- 
 row. 
 
 XVIII. And as his Majefty had always 
 treated him with a very fmgular Efteem all 
 his Life-time, fo he was pleas'd to follow 
 him with the Marks of his Royal Favour 
 to the Grave, refolving to celebrate the 
 Duke's Funeral at his own Charge; and he 
 affigu'd him alfo a Tomb in Henry the Vir^'* 
 Chapel, that the great Inftaurator, and 
 Guardian of Monarchy, m^ht reft himfelf 
 near the crown'd Heads, and mix his loy^ 
 al Dull: with the Aih^s of fprmer Kings. 
 
 GENiRki MoK^. 41 J 
 
 
 M¥^ 
 
 XIX. January 4. hi^ Body ^as opened 
 and embalmed, in order to the Solemnity of 
 his Funeral. But, u|k)n the Search, there 
 was found only 4 lai^ Qtiantity of difco- 
 lourcd Matter in theCavlty of th^ Belly, and 
 no confiderable Alteration or Injury upon the 
 Parts within ; lave only in the Heart it fell^ 
 both the Ventricles whereof were fill'd with 
 a bloody Subftance, which had alfo infmuat- 
 ed it felf into the Mouths of the adjoining 
 VefTels, which had fo far precluded the even 
 Motion and Circle of Blood through his 
 Lungs, as gave him a perpetual Difficulty of 
 breathing. His long and habitual Dropfy 
 had alfo fo far difabled the Vigour and Mo* 
 tion of his Blood, that it was not able to 
 entertain and aflimilate the chylous Li- 
 quor offer'd from his Diet; which did firft 
 ftick among the Fibres and Columns in 
 both Ventricles of the Heart; and, by the 
 continued and gradual Succeflion of the like 
 tenacious Matter, came at laft to that Bulk 
 as to fill up both the Cavities, and inevi- 
 tably to ftrand the fiirrher Current of his 
 Blood. 
 
 n. 
 
 / 
 
 XIX. January 
 
 XX. After 
 
4i<^ 
 
 The LIFE of 
 
 General ^Ionk. '417 
 
 XX. After his Body was embalmed, it 
 was, by his Majefty's Command, removed 
 to Somerfet Houfe, and there placed for 
 many Weeks in Royal State, attended with 
 fdl the Cerempnies of pompous Moufa- 
 
 ing. 
 
 THE 
 
 THE 
 
 CONCLUSION, 
 
 Containing a 
 
 CHARACTER 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 D U K E. 
 
 HEY who daily poflefs the Be- 
 " nefit of this great Man's Prudence 
 and Loyalty, and never bad the 
 Happinefs of feeing him, will ex- 
 peifi: here fome Character of his Perfon ; which 
 was indeed rather comely than elegant. His 
 
 E e Stature 
 
 i 
 
4i8 Tloe LIFE of^ 
 
 Stauire was of the middle Size, but contriv- 
 ed for Strength and Adlion: In his Counte- 
 nance there 'appeared foraething very great 
 and auguft, yet. Without Pride. His Afped 
 was fo truly martial, that they who knew 
 him not, might have taken him for a Gene- 
 xal, and coUedcd the Ideas of an Heroe from 
 the Lines of his Face. His Eye-fight ferved 
 him to the laft upon nearer Objecas, though 
 at remoter Diftances it was fomewhat defc- 
 dive. Which Impcrfedion was, in fomc 
 Meafure, recompenfed to him, with a very 
 extraordinary Quickncfs of hearing ; wherein 
 he did fo very far excel, that.it was dange- 
 rous to whifpcr a Secret in the fame Roo^n 
 with him. 
 
 His Conftitution alfo was framed to a fin- 
 gular Stcddincls of Temperament, \yhich in- 
 ablcd him to live with a very lit<|e ^eep, 
 and vrithout any of thofe Emotions in his 
 Blood, which nioft other Men find from the 
 Want of it. Upon the Cime Account he 
 was capable, of cnduruxg loug and frequent 
 Failing, when impofed tipon him, either by 
 Religign, NccgIVh.V. or Bufmefs^ xvijbp^it any 
 obfervablc Prcji^dico to his Hrc4tlju QX^ny o- 
 
 ^" thcr 
 
 General Monk. 41^ 
 
 ther indonVeniencd. In his Palate he was 
 not cnrious, or at all ftudious how to gratify 
 it. When her was young, he had the Small- 
 pox ; yet entertain'd them, moft Patt of the 
 Time, on Horfe-badk, and matched every 
 Day with his Regiment, without any of 
 thole fatal EfFedts, which naturally follow 
 from the leaft Impreffion of the cold Air* 
 
 But when we dome to defcribe the. Vir- 
 tues and Endowments of his Mind, we en-» 
 ter upon a more copious and extenfive Sub- 
 jecSt. His Courage and Fortitude were be- 
 yond any hyperbolical Strains of his Friends^ 
 and were never yet queftion'd by his gteat- 
 eft Enemies. They were not, like the un- 
 certain and occafional Impetuofity of the 
 late Uftirper Crom^-Ji^eli taken up by Fits; 
 but a fteddy and well-advifed Greatnefs of 
 Spirit, leparate from Raihnels, and conducS;^ 
 cd by an extraordinary Prudence and Fore- 
 fight. So that in thofc many Ei^;agements 
 w^here he had commanded, he was always at- 
 tended with a iinooth, uninterrupted Succel%^ 
 which has rarely been conftant to old Geae- 
 rals. And, in that fmgle Surprizal upop tim 
 by the T>utch Fleet, he fought them loftowt-. 
 
 HTe z 1/ 
 
 
 
/ 
 
 ^1 
 
 
 
 426 the LIFE of' 
 
 ly with a very unequal Force ; and after- 
 wards fecured his Retreat with fo much Re- 
 folution and Bravery, that his Enemies were 
 obliged, to acknowledge, there waslbmething 
 in his Greatnefs of Mind and Conduct that 
 Was more than humane. 
 
 If we confider either the Afcendant of his 
 Courage, or Fortune, it will not be eafy to 
 find a Parallel in his own Age, and as hardly 
 in all Antiquity. ^ He had rcftored his Country 
 with Camlllns ; biit the Sequel of his Life 
 was more glorious. He had all the Difpatch 
 ti Cafar, but none of his Ambition ; the Po- 
 pularity of Tdmpy^ without any of his Er- 
 rors, or Misfortunes ; the Eftimation of Lu- 
 ailltis, feparate from ; his Luxury ; the In- 
 duftry of the brave Agricola, but in the Ser- 
 vice of a better Mailer. He had equalled 
 ScipO, ift reducing the greater Enemies of the 
 Common-wealth, and more faithlefs than the 
 Carthaginiaffs.hnt exceeded him iii the Love 
 of his Country, and the Glory of his End. His 
 Commatid, and the Times he lived in, had 
 the neareft Refemblance to thofe oiSertorius 
 mSfain', nor were there wanting Confede- 
 rates about him of "Perpenna's infldious Tera- 
 
 X^ per; 
 
 General Mokk. 421 
 
 per; but he look'd fo narrowly after them, 
 that none of them could find thofe Advan- 
 tages againft him, which were tal^en agaiuft 
 that generous Roman. 
 
 If his Virtues had been only Military, he 
 and his Armour might, in peaceful Times, 
 have rafted together. But as he had the Suf- 
 ficiency of a great General in War, fo.he had 
 equal Prudence and Induftry in Civil Bufi- 
 nefs : And, when there was ao more Occa- 
 fion for his Sword, he became a moil: ufe- 
 j^l and necefiary Minifter of State ; wJiere- 
 in, if fome few have exceeded him in Dit 
 patch, yet none in Surenefs and Fidelity. 
 By bis Prudence he baffled all his Enemies, 
 and unravelled all the' Labyrinths of their 
 crooked Subtilty. By the lame Virtue he 
 preferved to himfelf th? continued Affection 
 and Kindnefs of his Majefty, which fhined 
 upon him to the Evening of his Life, with- 
 out the Interruption of the leaft Cloud. By 
 the like Qiiality he kept up his Eftimation 
 with his Equals, and the Minifters of State, 
 againft whom he had never given into any 
 intriguing Schemes. And, as a Reward of 
 his Prudence and Integrity, he had thofe Ad- 
 
 E e 3 vantages 
 
 \ 
 
i 
 
 [I ^ -I 
 
 4X2 The LIFE of 
 
 vantages which have fcldom been known to 
 center iA the fame Pcrfon; of being equally 
 the Favourite of the King, the Court, and 
 the People. 
 
 * Nor was it the leaft of his Felicities, that 
 he had the Opportunity of obliging a Prince 
 of fo generous and human a Difpofition, who 
 could never be capable of looking upon the 
 Greatnefs of his Services with Sufpicion, or 
 ro efteem it a Reproach to his own Great- 
 nefs and Glory, to have been reftored by one 
 of his own Subjeds. He had alfo the fur- 
 ther good Fortune to perform his Service to 
 the King in the Flower of his Age, and the 
 Fulnefs of his Joys, before the narrow\and 
 iiifpicious Temper, which is more incident 
 to an advanced Age, could be fuppofcd to 
 difcover its ordinary and too natural Ef 
 fcds. 
 
 Hts Silence and advifcd Taciturnity was 
 Parr of his Prudence, which grew in a great 
 Mcafiire uuon his Nature, and became habi- 
 
 A, 
 
 tual to him, by a long Converfation among 
 thofe whom he could neither Jove, nor 
 ' thought it rcafonablc to truft. Such was his 
 
 Caution 
 
 1 
 
 General Monk. 413 
 
 Caution and Warinefs, that he would com- 
 monly eonti-ive to be the laft Man in the 
 Compaiiy to declare his Opinion. He had 
 thofe Virtues in PerfecStion, which the Lord 
 Bacon requires in a Perfbn in a publick Of- 
 fice, viz. ^ Opennefs in Fame and Opinion 
 " of others. Secrecy in an habitual Conceal- 
 " ment of himfelf " Becaufe the Generality 
 of Men are liioft delighted in difcourfing of 
 thole Subjeds wherein they excel, or have 
 been eminently liiccefsful; fome have con- 
 trived to oblige him, by/making the Affairs 
 of thole Times, and his extraordinary Servi- 
 ces in reftoring the King, the Subjedt of Con^ 
 verfttion in his Company; in all which he 
 would always reply with lb great Humility, 
 and Appearance of difblaiming all Merit in 
 himfelf, that there is not a Perlbn now liv- 
 ing, who can charge him with Vanity or O- 
 ftentation : And, perhaps, there is not an In- 
 ftance in Hiftory of any Man, who ever per- 
 formed fiich great Services, and dilcover'd lb 
 little Inclination to mention them, or to hear 
 them mentioned by others. 
 
 ■\\ 
 
 i\ 
 
 Though his Grace very well knew how 
 to expert thofe Regards, which w ere ^WQ to 
 
 gj|t e ^ 
 
 his 
 
414 7^^ LIFE of 
 
 his Perfon and Quality, yet furely no Man 
 entertained his own Greatnefs with lefs Ce- 
 remony, being a profefTed Enemy to the 
 httle pompous Vanities, by which Perfons 
 of the fiift Diftindion fo magnificently trifle 
 with one another. And they who could on- 
 ly take the Height of a great Man, by the 
 Len'nh of his Shadow ; by Appearances, and 
 the Noife about him ; by Formalities, and a 
 numerous Croud of Attendants, thought they 
 wanted fomcthing of Grandeur in his Chara- 
 der and Behaviour; who had indeed the Spi- 
 rit of a great Heroe, with the Moderation of 
 a Philofopher ; the Plainnefs of a good Man, 
 with the Secrecy of a ConfcfTor. 
 
 m 
 
 The Envious whom he out-lhincd, and 
 the Malicious whom he had defeated, have 
 expo fed his regular and decent Frugality to 
 the Difadvantage of his Generofity, which, 
 if rightly confidercd, w^as one of the greateft 
 Ornaments of his Life ; and did not proceed 
 from the Littlenefs of his Mind, but from the 
 Greatnefs of his Wifdom. For his Grace had 
 taken the true Meafures of human Things; 
 and efleemcd it as a fure Maxim, that Power 
 aiid Inteieft arc hardly fcparable from Wealth. 
 
 He 
 
 General Monk. 42^ 
 
 He very well knew how much Princes des- 
 cend from the Footftool of their Throne, and 
 'veil their Sovereignty to their Subjects, by 
 too frequent, and, fometimes, mean Appli- 
 ications to thdj People in their Wants : How 
 iUiiable the Nobility are to fupport their own 
 Efteem and Order, or to affift the Crown, 
 whilft they make themfelyes contemptible 
 and weak, by the Number , and Weight of 
 their D^bts, and the continual Decay of their 
 :S;ftates. And if the Wealth of the Nation 
 come to centre mpft among the lower and 
 trading Part of the People, at one Time or 
 other, it will certainly be in their Power, 
 and probably in their Defires, to invade the 
 Government. Thefe, and the like Confide- 
 rations, had moyed the Duke of Albemarle 
 to become as great an Example to the Nobir 
 lity of honourable good Husbaiidry, as he 
 had been before of Loyalty and Allegi- 
 ance. 
 
 Besides his immortal Fame, he has ano- 
 ther Inftance of pofthumous Felicity, leav- 
 ing behind him a Son, the prefent Duke of 
 Albemarle^ the Inheritor of his NobiHty and 
 
 3 Glories ; 
 
 
 
^z6 The LIFE of 
 
 Glories ; ahd growing daily mdre to the Re- 
 feitiblancc of him, not only in the Lineaments 
 of his Face, but in the Image of his Mind, 
 the Worthincfs of his Nature^ and Height df 
 his Courage and Gallantry. Befides his own 
 great Example , he had given him , in his 
 Life-time, the early Impreflions of Virtue and 
 Loyalty; and left him, at his Death, great 
 in the Favour of his Prince^ great in the E- 
 fteem of the Nobility, great in the univetfal 
 AfFedion of the People, and great in the 
 Circle of human Fortune. 
 
 Such were the Felicities of the late Duke 
 of Albemarle J as cannot poflibly happen to 
 any, bilt to thofe who are fmgularly fuftain- 
 cd by the Divine Favour, and have purfued 
 glorious Ends ; which will make Men of 
 rebellious and phanatical Principles afraid 
 how they mix their Reproaches and Curfes 
 among fo many Bleflings of God. 
 
 Thus have we brought this Great, this 
 Fortunate, this Triumphant Heroe to his 
 Grave. 
 
 And 
 
 General Mcnk. j^iy 
 
 » 
 
 And now may the Imperial Crown of 
 England never want any thing to liipport it, 
 belides its own Majefty and Greatnefs : But 
 if ever it Ihould, may there iievcr be wantiiig 
 txlixxk'^ o( AlbemarU^ Amen. 
 
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