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Loox RINE SESS SASS SEVIS Columbia Giibersitp inthe City of HeiuVork LIBRARY 30° | ci GIVEN BY LO3t Publicher a q ti ig? 4 £2" i Set id a ail i eae 4 iy - 1 i 3 i) ‘ ‘ $ € reas } ) SS re rrarcoe os oe eens mre neaine! cremate ane Suet te ane eta me : = ws -. mngive ce > Ledinicdl ~ “ $e “oe eter ag iets a sae ar ery Sen, ee gidiiee mister aan, - ‘U01}9919 S}I JO UOIsTAIedns IN} pey pue HW pousisap om se ‘sn 0} UOTIEJSHeS 91331] OU Jo juIOd e SI ,‘pjioM 9q} UI d1Nj}ONI}s [VIN}[NIVIOY Ysauy oy}, se s}StIn}[NIjI0Y4 JUsUIUIa Aq papiesai si SuIp[ing sty} yeuy, “AND YIOA MON ‘YIeg KuoIg ‘suepiey [eolue}Og YIOA MaN ‘Soel1O}eAIBSUOD dL SECTIONAL IRON FRAME GREENHOUSES THAT WE HAVE DESIGNED AND ERECTED THEIR PLANNING AND PLACING; THE MATERIALS USED AND THE WAY WE CONSTRUCT THEM NINTH EDITION Lord c&; Burnham Co. Greenhouse Designers and Manufacturers Sales Offices NEW YORK BOSTON PHILADELPHIA CHICAGO Eastern Factories IRVINGTON-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORK Western Factories DES PLAINES, ILLINOIS Copyright, 1910, by Lord & Burnham Company, New York Number 47. DEC 20 1917 DeOnk= & BVUeReNeH Agni C.1Oit M PAA: GY Index Page Ome SHacCts OL VAM POrCanCe mm etter ee i eee eee ee 5-6 On; Planning “and Locating. Your -Greerihouse= =... 204-2 ee 7-11 EStimatesy,: saeco nets sack ae Mater ead ee Gotoh aehit Gitte Meron tne nae tits 12-13 Explanation of DifferentsLy pes of 1Olsess em oe ee ee 14 Straight: Rooti*l ype—-leantOvbia- oe tee ener ae ne ere ae 15 Straight Roof Type—Even and Three-quarter Span................. 16-27 Curved Eave Type—Even and Three-quarter Span................. 28-36 Curvilinéarsd ype—Even me ’ hie Number 68 A. A glimpse in the 50- foot compartment. It is filled with hundreds of bulb plants, hydrangeas, azaleas, cinerarias, cyclamens, and hanging pots of ferns. Vigorous, full blooming nasturtium vines form archways from column to column. & BRU Kean we eee CHOU My Petav. Ney. Number 69. O77 HE L house is desirable when the ground limits do not permit a continuous long It also forms a splendid basis for a well balanced layout when dupli- cate houses are added, extending from the other house. side of the work room. Such a treatment forms a semi-enclosed court. In this case the work room was made large enough to accommodate an office and the needs * ; Number 69 A. COLD FRAME 7x46" Looking down a side walk of a plant compartment. tainly are joy spots. nde Cees Pate The finished portion of a layout for Mrs. A. E. Austin, at Pawtuxet, R. I. Plan 69 The L House—Straight Roof PLANT HOUSE [2 18X33-4 FUTURE HOUSE WORK ROOM | 25x30 CARNATION HOUSE (6x41-6 [Licensees J a The dotted-in portions at the right show how the house will be when the proposed extensions are added. 24 st of the proposed extension. Those cold frames at the south of the carna- tion house (see plan) are used for starting early vegetable plants, bedding stock, etc., in the spring, and the growing of lettuce and Swiss chard greens during the winter. A heating pipe can be carried right into the frames, giving a perfect temperature control and so greatly enlarging their usefulness. Greenhouses cer- [akwOsN F RAM E GSR ES ESN «He OU asses Number 70. From an elevation on the opposite side of the garden this is the view you get of Miss L. Y. Cockcroft’s charming greenhouses at Saugatuck, Conn. Charles Barton Keen, Landscape Architect. Plan 70 A Parallel Layout—Straight Roof HERE two connected houses are desired for locating in some certain square of ground, a parallel layout like this one works out to splendid advantage. It happens that this particular one is located in the very midst of a walled-in garden, and was laid out to occupy the space between the garden drive and main walk. The result is certainly charming. The small house connecting the larger ones gives additional valuable space, and makes it pos- sible to place the houses wide enough apart, so one will not shade the other, which is a highly important consideration in successful greenhouse results. The set-in vestibules in the gables are unusual and ornamental features well worth the additional diture. expenditure Te Gee Prassace | [4 room is simple Kia" “7 andin harmony. It is a partic- ularly pleasing subject that might well be duplicated in every detail. VEGETABLES 18x39 ORCHIDS 18x4rge COLD FRAME 7X37 Ground Plan Number 70. TAS) i MA = x Mi a Number 70 A. View looking toward one of the side benches filled with primulas and young tomato vines which are already beginning to bear. Te OMRED ea) BU R= NH A eM Ca On Mee Ae NERV Plan 71 Another Parallel Layout—Straight Roor T is exceedingly interesting that several |= being simply a reversal of the operation. years after we erected these houses at Kp eses” No particular outlay was made to make Plymouth, Mass., Mr. Jordan had us take oF rice these houses very ornamental as they are them down and ship to Wenham, Mass., somewhat removed from the residence, where they were re-erected and intended solely for prac- on his farm. eee — mittee, | tical purposes. There are Constructed as our green- {fj .—————— | houses are, in sections, each | |.{———-_~ having a complete _ iron frame. it was no difficult Pemss ASSAGE] I6xi2-G PALM HOUSE bed ace [votes] nine compartments in all, —_ exsre___j/] devoted to flowers and vege- tables which are supplied in abundance to the summer PASSAGE 12x12-6 task to unbolt the various Si ae =z | residence part of the year members and take the So ence ae oe cael eeenscariamenes and they rest. of athemtunie houses down section by | lbe==2>== ee rem da [__=***_]!] shipped in boxes, every section—their re-erection morning to the city. Number 71 A. A longitudinal glass partition is run Number 71 B. And _ this is the leanto through one of the compartments dividing it into three portion filled with violets—those long quarter span and leanto compartment. This is the stemmed, exquisitely scented single ones. three quarter span tomato house. NN —<$$——————— 26 PRS OUN FF Rea OE Gane eNO US eas jedtenay #2 The Three-quarter Span House—Straight Roof HOULD the available location on your grounds have a sharp slope to the south, a three- ‘| quarter span roof would be particularly adaptable, as it would overcome the necessity of expensive excavating and filling, or the need of a high masonry wall and filling to make the floor level. In such houses the benches are usually stepped up one above the other which arrangement prevents the plants in the front benches from shading those in the rear. In cases where a special fern, violet or propagating house is desired we often divide an even span house by a longitudinal partition forming a leanto compartment on the north and a three- quarter span one on the south. Such a case is illustrated on bottom of page 26. "GENERAL PLANTS CARNATIONS _ | ; Zz 20x33°4" 20x50" Number 72 A. Three quarter span interior with Number 72 B. Interior of a three quarter span the benches stepped up and filled with carna- orchid house with the two front tables on the tions. The vines are nasturtiums. same level and the rear one arranged with a stepped up rack of three shelves. Number 72. Erected for Mr. E. L. Marston, Bryan Shore, East Porchester, N. Y. At the north is a high retaining wall, defining the property limits; from it the ground descends rapidly to the south, making a three quarter span house the most practical one to build. PAT Le OGD & B; Usk Neo ASM CROPMAP SAmING.Y, Curved Eave Type, One Compartment, Three Quarter Span Plan 73 HERE is an undeniable grace and beauty in the lines of our Curved Eave House, the truth of which could not be better shown than in this charming little, single com- partment, three-quarter span rose house. There being no gutter at the eave to retard the sliding off of snow and ice, the roof is kept clear, which is undoubtedly a decided advantage in sections where the snow falls are heavy. This house is 33 feet long and 18 feet wide. The boiler for heating sets in the cellar of the old greenhouse at a distance, and the pipes are connected to it through an underground trench. Besides its attractiveness, it is an exceed- ingly light house. This feature is of no little importance in the short winter days when light is at such a premium. After the owner had had several unsatis- factory and, in the end, very expensive ex- periences with greenhouses built by local carpenters, we were called in to build this every way, up-to-date durable house. We are now arranging to add to the house another compartment and eventually it is the owner’s intention to replace all her houses with the Curved Eave type. Number 73 A. This empty interior view of a por- tion of the side and gable is most convincing evidence of the extreme lightness of our curved eave houses. GREENHOUSE Ground Plan Number 73 Fy at die ¢ . 4 ae . Ms foi -@ % dee: ee, ; us f Ko Number 73. So pleased was Mrs. W. C. Lanman with the attractiveness of our curved eave construction, that she had us locate this house just across the lawn from her residence at Norwich, Conn. It sets right in the midst of the borders of her old-fashioned garden. 28 PAREOe N Be Re Ar Nek Number 74. GeRe Hark gNeotie Oe OU s5n bas Erected for Mr. O. B. Mueller, New Rochelle, N. Y. Planse/4eands 75 Greenhouse and Garage— Curved Eave Oy, ~HE linking of greenhouse and garage is an arrangement that is especially desir- able where space is limited. Another advantage is that the greenhouse boiler can heat both. Number 74 is one of the simple treatments, very effectively worked out. The work room is entered through the garage. The greenhouse divided into two compartments, is devoted to growing a general assortment of plants. This is one of the cases where the greenhouse is the owner’s hobby, and he does pretty much all the indoor gardening himself. For a hobby it would OO el GARAGE 1s Se Ground Plan Number 74. be hard to find one more healthful and delight- fully satisfying. Number 75 is a somewhat elaborate garage with living apartments in the second story for the chauffeur or gardener. It is rather inter- esting the way the even span portion of the greenhouse fits into the jog of the garage, and the leanto runs along the side. The part of plan marked “future” Mr. Chese- brough contemplates adding soon. Number 75 Combined even span and leanto house joined to Mr. W. H. Chesebrough’s garage at Spring Lake, N. J. im ORD & BYUARYNSH ASM COR Ma Pa Aa Nay) Erected for Mr. E. Eiseman, Far Rockaway, L. I. Edward Shire, Architect. On the opposite side is a vestibule entrance which adds to its attractiveness. Plan 76 One Compartment—Curved Eave Number 76. Or HE owner of this house not only loves | the work room is half timber and stucco in keep- flowers but he thoroughly enjoys taking | ing with the residence. a hand iin their cares slo To further gratify his enthusi- make it more get-at-able 1! : eS asm, Mr. Eiseman has ordered the and, therefore, more pleasurable, ; Se length of the greenhouse extended the greenhouse was located quite : to form another compartment, hav- near the residence. The exterior of Ground Plon UNuraber 76 ing hot beds across the outside end. Number 76 A. Another interior side view as a further evidence of the lightness and nicety of finish of our curved eave houses. ey 30 PeRAOF Nw Es Riva GR ESE NG OFUSS ES Number 76 B. What will particularly attract your attention in this carnation house interior is that although an unusually wide house, it is entirely free from any roof supporting columns. Number 76 C. You would have taken keen delight in going down these garden walks be- tween rows of giant snap dragons, azaleas, daffodils, stock and such, all in a riot of bloom and filling the air with their fragrance. 31 TPLR2ON ReRePAy NEE Gulk=E se EaeNee Ee Oe Uito ees Number 77. This somewhat unique arrangement of half-timbered work room and curved eave greenhouse is one of the interesting features of Prof. Jacobus’s garden scheme at Hartford, Conn. Plan 77 Three Compartment House—Even Span, Curved Eave Or HE owner has this house divided into three compartments, or separate gardens, as it were—one each for roses, carnations and chrysanthemums. In November the chrysanthemums are about over, and_ the space can then be used for general ornamental and flowering plants and vege- tables, cauliflower and lettuce for instance. Jogging the potting have been done if desired and a fourth com- partment secured, which would have been just the thing for melons or tomatoes and the like. In thinking of this house as being located in a city, we are reminded of the persistent notion ft). .theres-used to. bem that greenhouses were intend- ed only for country places, and that the man with a l| FUTURE GRAPERY WORK ROOM 7x18" room into a portion of somewhat limited grounds the greenhouse makes an f ROSES | VEGETABLES | CARNATIONS in the city could not spare ideal little leanto about 2 the space. Asa matter of 2x25° { 22x33-4 [ 16) feet: Jong. You see [ z2exes Pe fact, with a greenhouse from the plan, however, that it is not separated from the even span por- This could easily tion. x here oe oo * Number 77 A. The center compartment a short time after the chrysanthemums were over. The two right-handed benches are filled with cauli- flower, radishes and lettuce. The left-hand ones with narcissus, stock, azaleas and cinerarias. et) Ground Plan Number 77. added to the chrysanthemum house, the plan will be L shaped. you can grow four crops instead of one and so make your city space just four times as valuable. When a grapery is 32 Number 77 B. The even span and leanto interior adjoining the work room. The rose plants are young and just beginning to bloom. The benches are the indestructible cast iron ones. CoLORED INSERT SPECIAL CURVED EAVE SUBJECT LROe RSD & BU ReNSH eA eM COMPAN Y Number 87. If you want a house for palms, ferns Number 87 C. The right hand wing two cut flower or vegetable houses, i house is a full fledged vegetable gar- on the estate of the late Mr. M. Kah den filled in part by cauliflower. A greenhouse makes it possible to have snowy heads of a delicious creaminess that are far and away superior to } outdoors grown. Palm House and Wit Oy HE layout arrangement this snug little range is of the best. The desig pleasing one. The p house placed as a central feat with the two smaller wing hou gives good architectural. pro- portions. The curved eaves in their graceful lightness is a feature adding much to the attrac- tiveness. The shingled work room is COOL HOUSE particularly ns good, because it was made : Ground Plan N fittingly sub- of the plan Number 87 B. Standing here you get a comprehensive view of prac- ordinate to the little greenh tically the entire layout. A larger view of the work houses. and is quote on it room is shown on page 85. 2 the palm ho TeReOgNS Hh ekea gM GSReE ESN HOU SeE S$ a assortment of plants, in connection with SRE Sears e hard to beat this charming little range Number 87 D. This year the right hand gehampton, L. I. wing house was filled with old fash- ioned flowers and a most interesting collection of flowering plants in pots. 87 irved Eave—Even Span ee from expensive elaboration. he connecting house between it id the palm house, is to feet ide and about 8 feet long, making fine little two bench compartment r orchids, ferns or propagating purposes. This is a scheme which could well be placed in a formal flower or vegetable garden or on any lawn. The size of the com- partments can paces be lengthened or widened if desired, keeping the same _ per- fect proportions 7. Hither wing nake a_perfect itself. We can of the larger Number 87 E. We were glad to secure this photo before the where, likewise structural beauty of this center house was ob- scheme. scured by the larger palms. inck ON F RAM E GOK he NTH Ouse Ss Curvilinear Type, Two Compartments—Even Span From the practical side ey really. no petter growing houses than the other types, described in detail on page 14. However, there is a certain advantage in the fact that the curved HE Curvilinear House has a decided architectural beauty and strength. The long graceful curve of the roof is at once attractive and impressive. WW Plan 8&8 | WARM HOUSE | g ) COOL HOUSE j 18xXx33-4 18x33-4" HOT BED 6-2x3I' COLD FRAME 6-2-3! Ground Plan Number 88. roof gives more head room for the taller plants, and for graperies and potted fruit houses they are much in favor, as the shape of the roof gives to the vines an opportunity for greater length and the trees a chance to grow without coming in contact with the glass. For the same reasons they make ideal show houses where the best plants from the other com- partments can be brought for display. Number 88 A. Standing in the work room door this is the way it looked the middle of last March. There is a spa- cious airiness about the curvilinear interiors that appeals to one. Number 88. was kept in harmony. Schlaet. of When rightly handled there is nothing more effective than the curvilinear house. The nearby stables being of Spanish Mission design, the work room It was erected at Saugatuck, Conn., for Mr. Arnold See Page 11, Number 55, for a more general view of grounds. iOS cD & BAU_ RIN HAM Ci OrM EPRARNeY, Number 8g. Making the greenhouse fit both your needs and your grounds—that’s what good designing and planning means. Here you have it at its best. Erected for Mr. R. V. Lindabury, Bernardsville, N. J. Plan 89 Three Compartment with Side Entrance, Curvilinear NE of our finest examples of a three | colonial in treatment and full of character. compartment, The heavy concrete ClltvelL Ptrelank water table topping the house. It has a | ees) | Ses z z foundation is a departure splendid architectural har- ce fe 2 RES ||| that adds a note of mony throughout. : coe TT eee | || strength and seems to The side entrance is a beautiful bit of pure de- sign; the work room is tie the work room and ] greenhouse together most Ground Plan Number 89. pleasingly. ang Te KVAL | Number 89 A. The carnation compartment has taken the overflow of plants in tubs from the center compartment. 38 RimkeOeNecl RenweMats: 6 (GeRe Eh HON. HH O° UsS ES Sd whee a Number go A. More and more the greenhouse is being treated as a veritable indoor garden, making it wonderfully attractive. This arch of roses when in full bloom in the midst of winter, is enough to stir the ad- miration of the most stolid. Plan 90 Single Compartment Plant House—Curvilinear ALLING this a plant house may be a | flowers and potted plants from it all winter. bit confusing to you, so let us ex- With the heating centralized in the work plain that Mr. Wimpheimer wanted room cellar at the back, the addition of a it for protecting and growing the wing house at either end for growing numerous tall plants and medium cut flowers, vegetables or fruit would size palms which are distributed be simple and inexpensive. Two about the stoops and grounds in the small wings thus added would form summer. Of course, the smaller a perfectly balanced scheme with plants are grown as well, and he three compartments and three sepa- has a goodly supply of general Ground Plan Number 90. rate temperatures. PLANT HOUSE : 18x4I-8 Number go. A distinctive charm all its own has this curvilinear house. Erected for Mr. C. A. Wimpheimer, at Long Branch, N. J. 39 & Number ot. B.-UR aia A M CEOEM TP WA NY. This group of curvilinear plant houses, with rose and carnation wings, is near the entrance gate on the grounds of Mr. E. D. Godfrey, Seabright, N. J. Plan 91 Plant House and Wings—Curved Roof—Four Compartments Oy HIS is an ideal layout. plan is one of the best possible. practical in every way. The work room is connected with the plant house in the center by a passage house which not only makes all the compartments readily accessible and the distribution of the heat economical, but the work room being Ideal, because the Ttviss} sins. [CHRYSaNTHEMUMS sage house is just what is needed for propagat- Aside from the beauty of these all curvilinear houses there is an advantage in the increased height of side secured, as the side benches have sufficient head room to grow the taller plants when you want to. Especially is this so with chrysanthemums [ ROSES 18xSO Ss f set away from the other houses does not shade them. The pas- POG ] 5x4l-8° : Si A Number g1 A. t 7 ; CARNATIONS 18XSO or American Beauty roses, and no doubt you will want both. An exceptionally fine house of carnations from which armfuls are shipped to the city residence several times during the week. 40 IT RROFN FRAM E GaReE Ey Netto Us Ses Number 92. A beautiful series of curves it is, forming an exceedingly effective part of the boundary to Dr. R. A. Newman’s gardens at Detroit, Mich. Plan 92 Stepped-up Houses—Curvilinear HAT a picture this is! A striking ex- ample of a perfect adaptation of the greenhouse to the conformity of the grounds. Stepping them up (or down) on the ground this way, successfully accommo- dates the houses to its slope. Imagine the loss in effect had all three of the houses been built on the same level, necessitating a high founda- tion wall on the lower end, and giving part of the houses a perched up look. This is just another instance of the intimate association of the formal outdoor garden and the informal one indoors. The formal gar- den, with all its wealth of blooming plants and waving branches of semi-tropical growth, the greenhouse makes possible. You know there was a time but a few years ago when the greenhouse because of its unat- tractiveness was located in an obscure spot. They are now forming prominent features of the ground scheme. tit | PALM Ce COOL HOUSE WARM HOUSE HOUSE | Ds 20x29-4 20xz29-4" | 22x22-9 = 19x20 WORK ROOM Number 92 A. General purpose compartment with Ground Plan Number 92. its banks of glorious blooms as it appeared a few days before Easter. 41 LeOw hab & ByU] RIN TH ASM Ce OM (PaAeNe Y: Straight and Curvilinear Combinations, Two Compartments Plan 93 ics HE contrasting lines of the straight | roof house costs less than the curvilinear, so a a —— and curved roof houses, when com- | combining of the two has that advantage. bined, work out in a most effective way. The possible combinations are practically unlimited. It happens that this particular house is the hobby of its owner, who takes his recreation by giving an hour or so in the morning and after- Often such portions of the noon to the care of his flowers. houses as are most directly in view of the residence will be of the curvilinear type, because the graceful lines of the curves are somewhat more ornamental. Then on the other hand, the straight Every fall he has a chrysanthe- mum show to which his friends are first invited and then the pub- lic welcomed. The pleasures of his greenhouse, as you may well Ground Plan Number 93. imagine, are many. fe: ee Number 93 A. When you get in a garden spot like this and begin fussing with your flowers, all your bothers are forgotten. It is a nerve soothing, health giving, enthusing hobby that has no equal. an eRe EES o se es a Bs res se nOL UA Number 93. Erected for Mr. William McCleary, Amsterdam, N. Y. We took the view from this side so you could see the cold frame pits at the back which are used for the winter storage of the semi-hardy roses, hydrangeas and the like. The entrance vestibule is at the opposite end of the curvilinear house and is similar to Design E. on page 88. IRON ob Re Aa OE Gah HONS HOS US Sats Number 94. Mr. A. N. Lindsay of Rochester, N. Y., is another one who early came to the conclusion that the limited ground space of a city property could be made many times as productive by devoting a portion of it to a greenhouse and have a growing, blooming, garden all the twelve months. Plan 94 Three Compartment House—Straight and Curved Roof way prompted its use. The sides of the curved roof house are also higher than thes one jast) referred, to, this instance, it is joined being made that way to ac- at the gable. It makes a commodate the large rubber good plan. The limited Ground Plan Number 94 plants, palms, etc., that are ground space between property line and drive- | placed about the grounds in the warmer months. N the preceding page the straight roof house joined the curved one on the side, while in ‘| warm HOUSE, COOL HOUSE 20x16-8 20x25 sree OS, Os é “ A = é Oh Number 94 A. The ornamental curved roof house hides the rest of the layout, and as you look out from the residence it suggests a charming little “Nature Chapel.” 43 Number 95. ba Number 95 A. Looking down the walk from the work room one can but be impressed with the beauty of this circular formed end. Number 95 B. You can spend hours in an interior like this, and come back to it day after day with unending interest and satisfaction. By Use ReNGe eA vi Grosse Point Farm is a beautiful suburb of Detroit, where nearly everyone has a greenhouse. Mr. A. L. Stevens is the satisfied owner of this one. 44 CEOr Ma Pi Aa Nay: Plan 95 Another Three Compartment Layout Curvilinear and Straight Roofs N both the two preceding subjects the gables of the curvilinear portions were vertical. In some instances for the larger palm or plant houses, ends circular in form, similar to No. 95 A better fit the situation. Surely the result here is highly pleasing. As the plant house is in this case used par- ticularly for growing the rarer foliage plants such as crotons, begonias and endless varieties of palms and ferns which do not like the direct glare of the sun, the roof is glazed entirely with ground glass. You will note from the plan that a hot bed is shown on the south side of the carnation and rose compartments, which reminds us that we want to remind you to be sure and have hot beds and cold frames in connection with your greenhouse because they will take care of many things quite as well as the greenhouse and give you just that much additional room for other things. HOT BED 7xS8-4" CARNATIONS] | UST: 18X25 Ground Plan Number 95. l PLANTS 25X50 Pek ON F RAM E GS Reh Ee Nee OnUtS sha s Number 96. “Something Distinctive’ is what Mr. Craig wanted for his place at Sewickley, Pa. This surely answers to the description. iPiane96 Five Compartment House—Curvilinear and Straight Roof Oy HIS straight gable, curvilinear house with its single curved bay and ornamental entrance is a decidedly effective break away from the general treatment. The straight roof house connecting it with the work room is divided into two compartments and extending from the work room at the left is a library or “get-together” room for the employees. Beneath the rose compartment is a mushroom cellar with two tiers of benches extending around the sides. You cannot see the vegetable and violet pit as shown on the plan because the cannas completely : ER ZZ SUSE Na We Laie. eh obscure it, but it is practically the same Number 96 A. The curved bay gives a beautiful interior as the one on Plan No. 67, page 22. effect and an added spaciousness far beyond what the It is entered by steps from the work PI AID room and gives considerable additional bench room to the house. It is more practical however, for the cool loving plants or vegetables as the low grade of the heating pipes makes it difficult to run them at high temperatures success- fully. For attractiveness, uniqueness and balance, as it fits perfectly into the corner of the grounds, we doubt if this layout can be beaten. } work ROOM CHRYSAN- | 2x26 3 THEMUMS, | j 20x33-4 IMESETABEES 7X30 MIOLETS 7xX33°4" “Standard Chrysanthemums.” Hundreds of blooms to k a plant, in all the glorious colors of the rainbow. Things Crotnd Plan Number 98. like this are worth having and talking about. 45 Ee Oeka Dp Number 97. & By Us Rani Aw COR Merl Ar IN py, Looking down the garden walk of an estate at Riverdale, N. Y. A splendid example of the greenhouse and the garden treated in their proper relation, one being the complement of the other. Plan 97 Palm House and Wing Treatment—Straight and Curved Roof N instances like this, where a group of greenhouses enters prominently into the layout of the grounds or garden, the architectural emphasis and added orna- mentalness secured by the high sided, curved roof palm house, is very desirable. The architectural effects of such a grouping are good. This one is a plan that could be satisfactorily duplicated Number 97 A. FOuSS [ PLANT [PROP] | HOUSE [STOVE] _19-4x25° ] 9-8xiG-6 — oo ~— SESE IY) | , CARNATIONS | (_ 4x46 Ground Plan Number 97. by making such modifications as the features of the grounds or the particular desires of the owner might prompt. The work room could well be less extensive, and should the lay of the grounds per- mit, a duplicate wing might be added at its right, making possible one or two more compartments besides secur- ing a perfect balance to the layout. From here you get the graceful sweep of the palm house roof and the effective treatment of the end entrance to the wing house. sass 4B) de] F RAM E GRE HEN HtOn Ue smi s Number 98. On a beautiful point jutting out into Long Island Sound, at Plan 98 A Parallel Group—Curvilinear and Straight Roofs Gy~ HE central rectangular palm house with its domed roof, is an imposing feature. The wing houses are also curvilinear, while the parallel houses back of them have straight roofs. At this place a special feature is made of the show house in the right wing, where are exhib- ited throughout the year, the best specimens of flowers from the grow- ing houses. To get the direct sun- light for the plants in | CHRYSANTHEMUMS CARNATIONS \ 20x4/-8" 20x48 Girestes: | PLANT HOUSE | | 20xS6-4 TROPICAL [saroenias 25x53-4— 25x33-4" | 25x25) Number 98 A. Opening from the palm house at the right is this wonderfully interesting tropical house filled with plants from many distant lands. a ; : Greenwich, Conn., are the magnificent grounds and residence of Commodore E. C. Benedict. The greenhouses are set in the very midst of the garden. the rear houses, they were set some dis- tance from the ornamental ones in the front, and connected by a propagating house, which overcomes the possibility of one house shading the other. Here you again have the greenhouses in their natural environment, the central feature of exten- sive flower gardens—a superb arrangement. Being planned so suc- cessfully together makes this part of the grounds a perpetual source of pleasure to the owner. LORD. & Be eR aN wo Are C2O7 MEP Aa NtayY Number gg. This is a decidedly unique group situated at the very base of the Rocky Mountains, on the grounds of Mr. A. Coor at Golden, Colo., near Denver. Plan 99 Parallel Connected Houses—Curved and Straight Roof N this instance the greenhouses were planned =, as compactly as possible to fit into a space between the two buildings shown, which made it necessary to plan this parallel con- nected arrangement. 30xXSI Joined to the houses on the right is the brick work room of goodly design, while at the left is just visible a portion of the enclosed swimming pool, with bowling alley, billiard room and gymnasium attached. Heat for this group or “Pleasuredrome” is obtained from the greenhouse heating system. Ground Plan Number 99. SWIMMING POOL WORK ROOM PALM HOUSE WARM GREENHOUSE BOXx49 COOL GREENHOUSE BOx4a9 Number gg A. Interior cf the house next the work room which is at the right. Just now it is a little “off crop,” and most of the benches are filled with seedlings too small to show up. However, there is a fine crop of beans on that second bench with the lettuce showing just in front of it. 48 PR? OFN BPeRrASNe.E Ga ehh Ni OFUr Se hos Plans 100, 101 ” Number too. Four years ago Mr. J. B. Coryell of Menlo Park, Cal., walked into our New York office one afternoon, and said he had seen our advertisement of a palm house which Mrs. Coryell thought to be an ideal tropical garden. The hcuse he referred to was the Washington Soldiers’ Home interior which is shown on bottom of page 55. After the usual preliminaries of sketches, plans and so on, this is the group of houses Mr. Coryell ordered. We are now arranging for another house running at right angles to the left. : EAL ee GAC OC SE | COOL HOUSE 20-0X54-6 34-0x50.0 | SS is Ground Plan Number 100 Ground Plan Number |01 Ge Number tor. Some time before building the above group, the city of Davenport, Iowa, ordered these houses for Central Park. We put them up in the middle of winter when the mercury was registering below zero. In addition to what you see, there are propagating houses adjoining either side of the work room, which is directly behind the palm house in the center. [Oe 2D & B U R Neo AYM CeOe MEPS ASNT Y te Number 102. Looking along the terrace toward the palm house, on Hon. Whitelaw Reid’s estate at White Plains, N. Y. Plan 102 Group of Houses Forming an Enclosed Court Oy HIS extensive group of houses, beautifully located on a terrace facing the formal sunken gardens, was started many years ago, and ad- ditions made from time to time until the plan was completed. Mr. Reid wanted palms and decorative plants a-plenty, so the residence need never be without a pro- fusion of them, while to his guests he would serve at all times of the year, out of season fruits, such as melons, nectarines, peaches and grapes. In short, he wanted to defy the seasons and turn winter into sum- mer land, and he did. To secure compactness and economy of working and heating the houses, the main portion was built around a court. This court enclosure affords a splendid service yard, and is a well protected location for the cold frames. CARNATIONS VIOLETS | ; 20x50' 20x4I-8" : PEACHES 25 x33-4" | VEGETABLES 1a'x 50° PROPAGATIN S350! ROSES CHRYSANTHEMUMS | SARDENIAS la'x50' 18'x4)- 6" WORK ee | (ED = — , 8 VEGETABLES VEGETABLES q eex3s 20 x38 20'x 41-38 | a ea EPS GRAPERY | GRAPERY Ground Plan Number 102 50 Ietkhe Oe Nha Rh CAw Niel Ge Rabe es Neel OU SES SREAES abs Number 102 A. View of the court looking toward entrance gates, between the grapery and peach house. The evident spaciousness of this court gives you an idea of the very large scale upon which the range is laid out. Number 102 B. Entrance to work room. What could be more charming than this brick- pillared, glass covered portico, with its clambering roses? The photo was taken looking in the opposite direction from the one on the facing page. aii U7O7RGD & BUS RN SH Ae CEO, Ms ParAmINEAY, Wumber 103. Looking across the court toward the palm, chrysanthemum and fruit houses. With a large group of houses like these it is impossible for the camera to include but a small portion in any one view. Planes Another Court Layout Oy AIS spacious court entirely surrounded by greenhouses and connecting pergola is a most charming spot with its beautiful beds of flowers, magnificent bay trees, fine old Japanese dwarf trees and the two ever interesting aquatic pools. An ideal layout in every way, with numerous houses covering a very broad range of cultural possibilities. It is one of the most extensive ornamental greenhouse groups in the country. Everywhere, it is known among the gardeners for the beautiful fruit grown, such as grapes, peaches, nectarines, plums, pears, apples, melons, figs and pineapples. Not a month of the year without a harvest of fruits, cut flowers and potted plants in countless varieties. = SUES IRNIESYLLILILL ZZ Z . — : PERISRET. ZZ STORAGE SHED : Mt : i WORK ROOM : : i at So ee oy a eS ee = en pus c ASS ee od TE8) CE ea, mT -~- : Leg : ORCHIDS FERNS TROPICAL | ORCHIDS | = |iw 20x33:4 | 20x50" J 20x50" 20x41-8" a oel Lx 37-7K75 : = : outs a | F 1 — re Aa] a a © Ve ue (9) Res zx ol) | iN 4 Fe s & : 18 {I o || s mi cea aI Lx git if x 0 247° 5| [2 AQUATIC AQUATIC wn u Y x F nex POOL ‘POOL zx y H s| le ot ie 0) is | v w _ "oO! all a Wy E 16 14°x16-6 | PIN 14x ¢ to : >) 2 x fo 1 a I" a) [ CHRYSANTHEMUMS CARNATIONS | hi uv a i - [= ex sean ee | aes W nu RE “a; ra ° J % | Big 2axse-4 - GRAPERY GRAPERY GRAPERY) | sey asa EACHES AND PEACHES AND [PEACHES AND me Ol 25X34 ie. a a NECTARINES NECTARINES NECTARINES PERGOLA 2S : coe 25x41-8 25x 41-8 25xX33-4 10. os eo te PROP Ground Plan Number 103. PR. OTN CRA MAE Gah bebe Ne He On US] hes 7) |. a il Number 103 A. The pergola connects the graperies with the nectarine and peach houses. Through it you catch a glimpse of the classic porticoed entrance to the ie, show house. Number 103 B. Standing by one of the aquatic pools, this is a glimpse you get looking toward the pergola. oi) 1.07 & B URN GH AyM CEOP Mars As aNeey: Number 104. Straight roof palm house having an elevated landing entrance opening from the adjoining building. Erected for Connecticut Agriculture College at Storrs. Palm Houses Straight and Curved Roofs LTHOUGH the numerous types of palm houses have already been shown associated in the various groups of houses, we want now to speak especially about their interior ar- rangements. The fact that tropical verdure grows with such rapidity soon causes a palm house to become so crowded that the individual beauty of the specimens is lost. Walking through such a house, you of necessity look under the foliage and so lose much of its wonderful grace and ornamentalness. From an elevation, looking down on the plants, the effect however is charming. To secure this view we frequently build palm houses with raised entrance lobbies, from which you can look down on the mass of palms and rare exotics as in the interior shown at the top of the opposite page. Where the palm house adjoins another building, steps from an entrance landing may lead down to it, giving the same result as the lobby treatment. Number 105. Curvilinear palm house with hip gable and lobby entrance. 54 lok OF N F RAM E Glhy bate Nw OU San. S = ae a ‘ —% i . «* ", Sat ee | Number 106. This is the highly advantageous in- Number 106 A. View looking toward the lobby in | terior view of the palms you obtain when look- the same house. Photos were taken at Mr. ing at them from a raised lobby. W. G. Spaulding’s place, Prides Crossing, Mass. Number 107. Interior of palm house at Soldiers’ Home, Washington, D. C. This is an | informal arrangement without benches. The plants are set in banks of “rustic” or Tufa stone. The house shown in the illustrations above is arranged with this same Tufa stone. Le OARwAD & BUS ReaN en ALM GC) O=MaPoAM@NAY. Number 108. At Prospect Park, Brooklyn, they have converted their palm house into a vast show house, beautiful with flowers and plants the year around. It is made especially so at the Christmas and Easter seasons. This view shows an Easter exhibit when the central bed terminated in a recumbent cross formed of Easter lilies. SS Number tog. Interior of what is often called a “storage palm house.” No particular attempt was made in designing this house to secure effects, it being intended solely for keeping in a flourishing condition a constant supply of palms for the perpetual decoration of the palatial residence of P. A. B. Widener at Ogontz, Pa. } 56 leks Onn. F RAM E GeRebeneN OU Sahos ~ yy MM if Ay ¥ { i AN: ff Number rro. Aquatic Pools If possible to arrange for it, by all means have an aquatic pool in your greenhouse. There is always a kind of mystery about water plants and their growth that gives to such a pool a never ceasing interest. This one in the group of houses originally erected for the late Samuel J. Tilden at Yonkers, N. Y., has been visited by thousands to see the wonderful Victoria Regia lily in bloom. You will always find there the graceful papyrus and Egyptian lotus. It is informally laid out with winding walks, fern and moss covered rockeries, and here and there a small pool filled with gold fish. 3 Mr Cc! Number 111. Moss Banks For covering up walls, as for instance in cases where the palm house may be joined directly to the work room, moss banks are just the thing. They are made by erecting an especially constructed wired frame which sets out from the wall 5 or 6 inches. Into this space between it and the wall, moss is packed in which fern plants of numerous kinds and frequently certain of the begonia family are planted. oe, if, ORD & B UGRAN SH AM CEO Mara omg Growing Fruit Under Glass Grapes under glass. In the few pages here devoted to the purpose, we are mentioning only those fruits which are the most generally grown, but you must not infer that they by any } means cover the gamut of possibilities. First let us talk about grapes. Grapes grown under glass defy all others in beauty and meaty lusciousness. Not even the far-famed vine- yards of Europe, nor the favorable conditions of Cali- fornian climate and soil can produce anything com- parable. With our vineries you have all the requisites for suc- cess under absolutely perfect control. Temperature, moisture and nourishment can be regulated ideally. Year after year the same results can be obtained, because exactly the same conditions can be duplicated. The strength which must of necessity go into grapes grown outside, to withstand the variable weather con- ditions, is under the protection of glass converted into meatiness and delicacy of flavor. The evenness and beauty of the colorings secured are not the least of the advantages. EARLY GRAPERY MEDIUM GRAPERY LATE GRAPERY 2Sx33°4" 25xX33°4 25x33-4 in cc Number 112. This gives you an idea of how abundantly grapes grow under glass. They are pruned to one stocky Ground Plan No. 113. By having three compart- main vine, with short leaders from it ments, for early, medium and late fruiting, you and having just enough leaves to keep can have a continuous supply of grapes from the vines in health, so allowing the May to Christmas. Vineries and other fruit modicum of strength to go directly houses are sometimes built independently, but into the fruit. usually are joined to the other greenhouses, or connected to them by a glass passage. SLAT WALK, YY : WY Yj 77 Y Yee, Number 115. This section of the curvilinear vin- ery shows what is known as a “border” or masonry wall and floor, for confining the roots and furnishing perfect drainage. Excepting the Number 114. Interior of curved roof vinery showing height of the eaves this is the same construc- the long length of vines possible, because of the tion as our regular Curvilinear Type Section great sweep of the roof. C., explained on page 14. 58 TARE OIN Seer Rea eM Gak he Be NH OmUc Sens HILE speaking of vineries, we must not lose sight of the cool one, which has on its side the advantage of not requiring any heat, thus en- tirely eliminating the coal bill. Of course, the number of varieties that you can grow without artificial heat is somewhat limited, but there is a goodly list. You will get at least six weeks start over those grown in the open. In sections where the season is too short to ripen fruit outdoors, the cold grapery is admirable. We have built several for that purpose in the Green Mountains of Vermont. The Leanto house makes an admirable cool grapery, and if you have a wall or building with a southern ex- posure against which it can be built, so much the better, as the cost will be considerably less. We have in mind a man living at Bennington, Ver- mont, who each season raises over half a ton of grapes from a Leanto house only 16 feet wide and 50 long. In addition to the grapes he also grows countless bedding and vegetable plants as well, for early setting out. All of this is accomplished without burning a pound of coal. | PEACH HOUSE LATE GRAPERY EARLY GRAPERY | 25x33-4° | : 25x33-4 25x33-4 | ccc coc oc | praginise Si Ground Plan Number 116. Often one compart- Number 117. It takes two years for vines ment is given over to the use of peaches and to bear that are three years old when nectarines, and one each for an early and late planted. To bridge over this wait of a vinery. Such an arrangement is shown in the year, you can grow vines in pots and at above plan. once get splendid results. “Ze VE he. ies me SS < Number 118. A straight roof vinery interior. Not that such a vinery of equal width does not produce just as fine grapes as the curved roof one, but that the vines of necessity being shorter, the fruit is not as abundant. We also build vineries of the curved eave type. See section B, page 14. oe 59 | LAOFRsD & ByU SZ ReN2 aA, Number 120. Section of a curvilinear fruit house showing cross trellis arranged for two trees, one on either side of the walk. Number 11g. The branches of this pot- ted peach tree were so heavily laden they Ys had to be supported. Up Even at that, this one Yi, broke under its bur- den of fruit. Photo Number 121. Section of curvilinear was taken at Com- house showing cross trellis with modore_ Benedict’s, side walk for supporting spread Greenwich, Conn. of one tree only. Number 122. Cross trellis interior with peaches in bloom. Photo taken in February at M. C. D. Borden’s, Oceanic, N. J. Ce OMNIFR SA INEeyY Peaches and Nectarines Oy HERE are two distinct ways of growing peaches and nectar- ines under glass: dwarf trees in pots, and the ordinary size trees planted directly in the soil of the house. Of the latter there are two methods, one to plant the trees along the sides and train them on trellises along the roof; the other to plant them away from the sides and train on cross trellising. This last is considered by far the best as the light can reach all sides of the trees equally, ripening and coloring the fruit more evenly. More trees can also be planted in the same space. For instance, in a 33- foot house six trees are all that could be planted on the sides, allowing the necessary room for future expansion. With cross trellising like section Num- ber 120, in the same house, twelve trees could be grown successfully; or with section Number 121 six larger trees could be grown. In addition to the number of trees so gained, there is also the great advantage of being able to readily spray them on both sides. Large views of cross trellisings shown on page 8g. Peaches and nectarines grown in either of these ways have an exquisite delicacy of flavor. The skins are thin and take on unthought of beauty of colorings. The meat also has a vari- able color beauty of its own, is free from shreds and always juicy. Poa o: ie See ¥ Number 123. Nectarine tree on side trellis. Photo taken at Miss E. J. Clarke’s, Pomfret, Conn. The fruit was thinned down to one every 7 inches. Over 500 nectarines are picked from this tree each year. TAR OPNG yee Rea: GiRen (EeeNe EO Uy Sa HS UITE the most interesting way, however, to grow fruit under glass, is in pots. Then, too, there are many points in its favor: in the first place it is cheaper, as the orchard house is filled with the dwarf trees in pots for only five or six months of the year and the rest of the time the house is available for other uses, chrysanthe- mums for instance. With potted fruit you can easily have a greater variety, and do not stop at peaches and nectarines, but add apples, pears, plums and cherries as well. Each tree takes up but little space and it is | nel surprising the quantity Number 124. John Ash, Superin- ; : tendent for Miss E. J. Clarke, at of fruit a dwarf tree will Pomfret, Conn., who has had phe- yield. : nomenal success in all kinds of This is a great point fruit growing under glass, advises for the man with the small for those who want to go into house as he can have all potted fruit growing extensively, : a house like this curvilinear sec- the fun of an orchard with tion, 30 feet wide and 150 feet long, many varieties of fruit. divided in three compartments. FIRST FRUIT HOUSE 30 KX SO Number 125. John Ashe’s reason for advising three compartments is because various fruits differ in their requirements as to ventilation and temperatures and the three compartments give you every opportunity to grow a prac- tically unlimited number of varieties. Number 126. Interior of a curvilinear orchard house with the apple Number 127. Pear tree grown by trees in full bloom. Photo taken the 8th of March. In the com- William Turner in M. C. D. Bor- partment beyond, the cherry trees were showing little green den’s orchard house. Last year cherries and the peach and nectarine blossoms were just dropping it bore thirty pears, 12 to 14 their pink petals. ounces each. & BAUCR ENG ASM COR M SEA IN Fsy Number 128. After the fruit is picked from the potted trees, they are taken out of the house and the pots plunged in the dirt. This gives the wood a chance to “ripen off,” as the gardeners say. They are left here until there is danger of frost breaking the pots. Number 129. Just after they have had a light freeze outside, they are brought into an unheated house, and the pots protected by hay. They need not, however, be placed in a green- house, as this man does, as any shelter in which the pots can be kept from breaking by freezing, and cool enough to keep the buds from starting, is all that is necessary. Along the first of January they are then uncovered and placed in a slightly warmed greenhouse for gradually “starting up.” 62 Number 130. Pine apples Pineapples grown under glass are quite a novelty in this country, but if people only knew how choice the “pines” then are in their succulent meati- ness, how free from woodiness and indigestibleness, they would certainly be grown in every greenhouse of any considerable size. Wir, HN Ly Number 131. Fi gs Figs are another thing that ought to be grown more generally. They are not difficult to handle, do splendidly in a small house and yield two crops each year—what more could one ask? 63 Number 132. Oranges It seems strange that as oranges were the first known fruit to be grown in a green- house, several centuries ago by the French, that it should only now be one of the novelties in this country. This is a view of J. B. Duke’s orangery at Somerville, N. J. The trees in tubs will be removed as those planted directly in the soil grow larger. The white spots on the ground are bloom petals that have dropped. Number 132A. The walk is higher than the ground level of the grove, to give the better view of the trees. 64 lke ON F RAM E G Rigi Nera 2 Ulaor Eos Conservatories and Sun Parlors Plan flowers wants a place for their pro- tection through the winter months. Although such is exactly the province of the greenhouse, still the conserv- atory being joined to the residence, has the advantage of accessibility. Opening from some one of the main rooms, the effect of the conservatory can be most charming as one catches glimpses of graceful palms, hang- ing ferns and color spots of beauti- ful blooms. Some devote their conservatories to growing a general assortment of plants, fussing around among them much as our grandmothers did in their bay windows full of geraniums, oxalis and fuchsias. Still others use them for show places where are brought from the greenhouses the finest specimens of Number 133. dence with its southern exposure, makes an admirable location. CONSERVATORY . 13-4 K 20-6 Ground Plan Number Conservatory at Syracuse, N. Y., belonging to Mr. Percy Roche. curved roof and octagon end are highly effective and this L jog in the resi- 133 foliage and blooming plants so that all may enjoy them without going out in the weather to visit the greenhouses. Then there is the conservatory living room and sun parlor, many interesting examples of which you will find in turning the next few pages. But before doing so, just a word as to their construction. They are built of our iron frame construction and made in the same thorough manner. Designs are of course varied to conform harmoniously with the dwelling, and so success- fully is this done that the impres- sion of its being “an afterthought” is entirely overcome. As all the materials are cut and fitted at the factory, their erection is free from the usual vexatious building delays and consequent inconveniences of being torn up indefinitely. SIONS RESIDENCE 133. The teers: entered from the library by plate glass doors. 65 LORD & Number 134. OU can well imagine the de- lightfulness of this sun parlor with its homey comforts and opportunity for numerous plants and flowers. Think of its joys when all outside is frozen tight and i i. Number 134 A. There “SUN, PARLOR 12x 20° Bw eRe Ne ArsM Sun parlor of Dr. G. J. Helmer, Nyack, N. Y. Plan 134 134. is not the least doubt about its conforming C_OrM PPA Ney every ray of Old Sol’s warmth and cheeriness is at a premium! During part of the year when the direct glare of the sun is too strong, it is softened by staining the roof glass a light green. to the lines of the residence—in truth, it adds decidedly to its attractiveness. 66 Pek OmN ER Ag M E GURSEe Es NOH OsU SE. Ss Number 135. Conservatory and loggia erected for Mrs. W. K. Jewett, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Plansies5 OW charming must be the NS oa | visions of almost unlimited possibili- friendly, cheery greeting of the s al ties for the arrangements of conserva- plants and flowers as you enter : tories. How successfully the spirit of tie tesidence §'through,’ this the residence lines has been preserved unique conservatory and loggia! It in this design! at once starts going in one’s mind 3 “CONSERVATORY Ground Plan Number 135. a ek Number 135 A. View looking toward the loggia from the conservatory. Imagine its beauty when illuminated and the adjoining doors thrown open. Ly Oe ReaD & BURR ENG eAaM C807 Ma Po AseNi FY; Number 136. Although Mr. C. E. McIntosh of Mount Holyoke, Mass., has extensive greenhouses, still it is by the aid of this conservatory living room that he doubly enjoys the flowers and plants brought here from the greenhouses. aa ND now comes the conservatory living room which is but the result of a determination of flower lovers to the more thoroughly and continually enjoy their plant friends. In it you can have the comforts of your living room and enjoy yourself and your friends amid luxuriantly thriving plant life. It is bringing nature indoors and “getting back to it,” which is quite the right idea. Ree SEs Res 136. SUN PARLOR | 20X30 © Number 136 A. What a joy spot for the healthy, Number 136 B. You step from the den on to but think what such a retreat would*mean to this little balcony and look down upon the the invalid or the convalescent. indoor garden with all its allurements. 68 TR SOs N, 2h oR Ame 2k GER’ Ber Neh O Uas Eas Number 137. Palm room, tropical house and greenhouse all linked together and joined to Mr, J. G. Schmiddlapp’s residence at Cincinnati, Ohio. Part of the greenhouse can just be seen at the right of the curved roof tropical house. Plan 137 O17 HIS is an interesting instance of the residence and palm room or conservatory being attached to the greenhouses by a glass enclosed passage. It is a handy arrangement, as all you have to do is go down the passage steps from the palm room and you are at once in the big, curved roof tropical house. A glass enclosed carnation and rose garden adjoins it at the opposite side where you can enjoy seeing your growing Grourid Plan Numiber 137. flowers, and have the pleasure of picking them yourself. GREENHOUSE < Number 137 A. From this side you better see the palm room which opens off the dining room. 69 TAOS Re D & Number 138. Mass. ERE is a highly architectural conservatory designed in har- mony with the colonial resi- dence. The somewhat unusual height of the sides gives ample room for tall palms and fern trees. To overcome the shutting off of any of the windows in either story, the conservatory was High sided domed conservatory at Mr Henry Bailey Alden, Architect. BAU TRaNeH AM Plan 138 BREAKFAST ROOM CONSERVATORY 2eSx3i 138. Cr OrM: PFA NY RT AS . S. W. Winslow’s, North Beverly, placed away from the residence and connected to it by a charming little breakfast room. Through the glass partition you see the luxuriance of the tropics, and catch the soothing tinkling of the fountain—quite the ideal breakfast accompaniment. 2 Number 138 A. The steps and glass partition look- ing towards the breakfast room. 70 ek OUN Shan eA ew) bt SGoR he EON oH. OF Us ES Number 139. Glass corridor and conservatory attached to Mrs. Augusta Lehman’s residence at Chicago, Ill. E. R. Krause, Architect. Plan 139 GT WO problems were solved most successfully in this instance. None of the windows of the residence were sacrificed and a limited ground space was utilized to best possible advantage without marring the architecture of the glass structure. It is rather more than a conservatory, however, being in fact a tropical house. The winding glass corridor with its graceful hanging baskets of ferns and orchids, is most alluring. Ground Plan Number 139. RESIDENCE Number 139 A. It is a mysterious tangle of interesting tropical growths, every turn of the walk revealing a new wonder. Through one of the openings you catch a glimpse of the corridor. 71 LeOuR sD & Boe Rh aaN eee CORN er AwiNGry. Number 140. The attractive results of Mrs. G. A. Fuller’s idea of combining a con- servatory and Japanese tea room at her country house, Dalton, Pa. Plan 140 HEN the winds are The Japanese Tea Room howling and_ the has an outlook of miles and snows blowing on i miles over the hills on one the Pennsylvania ao side and on the other a glass ‘ CONSER—). -| VATORY oo hilltops where this residence “ / Bea enclosed garden of never is located, you can well URES XG oo. ceasing interest. It is the imagine the varied pleasures ON cosy friendliness of the gar- of having a conservatory re- Gioia Pica Nuneea 40 den combination that at once treat such as this. appeals to one. Tee | | Ete HTT Number 140 A. The tea room is most attractive where abound the choicest of Japanese panelings and furnishings collected by Mrs. Fuller. 12 ReRe ON F RAM E GARS ESE Neh Ones. irs is 2 OX Eas 2 x Number 140 B. The conservatory with its dull gold-lacquered frame work, bronze grille and griffin fountain harmoniously reflects the spirit of the tea room. Number 140 C. As you sit contentedly on the conservatory seat and glance back into the tea room, one can but envy Mrs. Fuller the altogether delightful result of her unique idea. 73 Leo Rp & BeUPReENG ea ee CAO TM Pea Nesey: Swimming Pools Plan 141 N the list of unique features conceived for the refreshment, comfort and entertainment of one’s self and guests, the glass enclosed swimming pool is easily one of the most delightful of all. We have erected numerous pools including three dis- tinct types—the one attached directly to the residence, forming a conserv- atory and pool combined; the one that is de- tached; and the one that is convertible from a pool to a greenhouse. Of this last let us speak first. The roof and frame work are constructed so they can be easily removed; the sides and bottom are cement lined, forming the limits of the pool. During winter a false floor with plant benches is placed in position and used for a greenhouse. In the summer the roof and frame work are re- moved, the benches and floor taken out and the space filled with water, making an ideal open air pool for summer use. The glass cover is put on about the middle of September and remains on till the first of June. The center as you see it is used for the taller ornamental plants, while in beds along the sides a general assortment of plants are grown. a o-? ey a Qo 2 Number 141 A. Interior showing greenhouse false bottom and portable benches in place. Ground Plan Number 141. Number 141. As it looks in the colder months with the roof on and used for a greenhouse. A light of glass is left out of the work room for the boiler smoke pipe. 74 Poke OmN =k Rese Me He GREE SN Hy O-UrS ES Number 142. Glass enclosed swimming pool of Mr. C. H. Matthiesen, at Irvington-on- Hudson, N. Y. The dressing room at this end of the pool is a frame structure with stucco sides and shingled roof. Plan 142 Oy HIS particular detached pool is located in | with separate sets of dressing rooms for the men a sequestered spot on the and the women, toilets, tiled hot grounds. It has its own rooms and shower bath; also sepa- dressing rooms and is used rate heating apparatus for warming from early spring till late fall. Later both the air and the water. Mr. Matthiesen intends having heat- Several of the plans provided ing installed so it can be used the ample space for large tropical plants year around. We have planned and to surround the pool. At our offices Ground Plan Number 142. erected several glass enclosed pools arranged | are copies of these plans which we will show you. Ses Number 142 A. This is an outdoor pool of the same size as the one above. We could readily enclose such a one with glass. 75 LO GRieD & BOL RN =H AM. C07 Mi PeAONe sy Number 143. Exterior of a combined conservatory and swimming pool at White Plains, N. Y. Charles W. Leavitt, Jr., Landscape architect. Plan 143 ND now we come to the combined pool and con- servatory attached directly to the residence, which ar- rangement is quite the best of all. The illustration on the opposite page gives you a rather compre- hensive idea of the compartment in which the pool is located. The tile-lined, marble-bordered pool is 33 feet long and 15 feet wide; 4 feet deep at one end and slopes down to 7 feet at the other. The heating pipes on the sides are recessed behind polished bronze grilles. The heating plant is in the adjoining basement. The bal- cony opens directly from the resi- dence. A regular joy spot it is, where no matter what the weather, you can have your water frolics just the same. Think of the refresh- ment, the invigoration of a morn- ing plunge in a pool of this size. Think what it means to take a plunge mid surroundings so at- tractive on every side. RESIDENCE, Number 143 A. It is divided into three compartments, the larger for the pool and palms—the smaller, one each for roses: and carnations. This view of the small compartments was taken looking across the pool from the balcony. Ground Plan Number 143. n ea) Yn =) O a0) a ca) oa m% O F RAM E iek? OF N Se Number 143 B. View taken from the corner near the rose compartment. The ropes around the pool are arranged for two heights, one at “high tide” for the “grown-ups,” and a “low tide” for “us children.” The photo was taken before the vines had scarcely started, but they cover the lattice now and hang in graceful festoons from the balcony and electroliers. EROS RD & BeUSR NH AM COS NEP AINA, Number 144. For the warmer months the birds are confined by an enclosure of wire sup- ported by a light skeleton frame work of steel. Originally it held a fine old apple tree which regrettably died. The glass enclosed part at the left is for the cool months. Erected for Mrs. F. F. Thompson, Canandaigua, N. Y. An Aviary Plan 144 ERHAPS you don’t know how to go about housing during all the seasons, the various birds from this and other climes which you would take delight in having. We can solve your problem in a highly satisfactory, practical way. The result will be decidedly attractive. Here is one that harbors several hundred specimens, and forms one of the most entertaining points of interest on the grounds. Ground Plan Number 144. es af x Number 144 A. Interior of the birds’ winter quarters showing Mr. E. A. Watts, aviacultur- ist, feeding from his hand one of the shyest birds of the tropical jungles. 78 ISR ORNe ORs AgMe ha, «GR Ean NeH: Of USES Glassed-in Porches OW that there is an ever increasing tendency to have one’s country home in use the entire year, the enclosed porch has become a most enjoyable feature. Their delightful possi- bilities until recently have been but half developed, and now they are coming into their own as dining and living rooms. They can in most cases be heated by the existing residence boiler, the only extra expense being that of piping and radiators. The combination sash and panels are made so they are readily removed and as easily put up, so that you can have all the advantages of both a closed and open porch. We will come to your residence if desired, and take all measurements, and design the treatment of the sash so they will be in harmony with the lines of the house. They are then shipped from the factory, ready for im- mediate erection. Although these enclosures do not take the place of conservatories, still many plants do well in them. As Noma PG ie era sun parlors they are a great success. panel sashes in the porch below. S Ti Number 145. This charming glassed-in porch is the much enjoyed possession of Mr. Leroy Frost at Nyack, N. Y. The outlook from it is a beautiful one for miles up and down the Hudson River. 79 LiOsk aD & BeUsR =N GHA M C7. ORV PR. SATIN aay: ra = De - %: The entire porch of Mr. Edward C. Delafield at Riverdale, N. Y., was en- closed, and an angle added at the right so it could be directly entered from the dining room as well as from the main hall. The complete enclosure is of course removable for the summer months. Number 146. Number 147. Mr. F. M. Lupton, Brooklyn, N. Y., has only a portion of his porch en- closed. The panel sash were made somewhat elaborate in design to harmonize acceptably with the treatment of the porch. 80 rR OFN, Ff R APMeE GSR eb or Nah OU Ses This enclosure with its hinged sash, erected for Mr. Number 148. Stamford, Conn., makes the really ideal outdoors living room. Number 148 A. The sash are hinged to each other so they can be folded back, giving full openings for the summer months, and are easily closed to keep out the storms and the keen air i of fall or early spring. Number 148 B. The wood work is dark oak, the floor laid with rich red tiles, giving an effect most restful, while the enclosed feature conveys a feeling of pleasing seclusion. Palms, hang- ing ferns and blooming window boxes make it altogether one of the most enjoyable of retreats for all seasons of the year. 81 Li (O¥R -D & BaUs RO NH SAM Cl ORM ePIEAZING Y. oe a: oe ss S a Number 149 A. The vine covered pergola of Mr. Number 149 B. But along the latter part of L. B. Craw at Irvington, N. Y., as it looks in September when Jack Frost gets a little too the summer months with the panel sash off. aggressive, the panel sash are put on. sae Ze tgs. fi wl eh Oe aay : ‘ Number 149 C. Enclosed it becomes a most delightful little glassed-in living room, quite the ideal place for a friendly cup of tea. Bee a eg Number 149 D. It is a couple or three steps down irom the dining room, but its sunny allurement beckons you from the living room away across the hall. 82 eR O UNS hi Re AS vie E GR She hen OU ase Be Ss Plant Beds and Tables HE Plant Beds are made with deep sides for holding the soil in which the plants are directly grown. For this purpose we have finally evolved an indestructible, practical Cast Iron Bed. There is no wood in it to rot out, or tile bottoms to break, and it is a well known fact that cast iron simply glazes over with a slight surface crust and then remains unaltered for an indefinite period. They are neat in appearance and because of less thickness required for the sides, have more available plant space than benches with wood or slate sides. The bottom is perforated so that the proper amount of drainage is provided. The beds are supported by pipe legs set in disk foot pieces. Tables. They have narrow sides and are in- tended only for holding potted plants in palm houses and conservatories. No soil is placed on the tables. These tables are made with a complete, gal- vanized angle iron frame which is joined together by cast iron fittings and supported by pipe posts set in disk foot pieces. The tops are usually of planed slate, three quarters of an inch thick. Board tops of dressed cypress, however, are quite as practical as long as they last, and can be easily replaced. Number B.150. Wiring Frames secured to Cast Iron Bench. Wires are stretched between these frames at opposite ends of bench, for sup- porting roses, carnations, etc. Number A.150. This gives you an idea of the neat finished appearance of the Indestructible Cast Iron Beds. Number C.150. Plant tables in a palm house. The slate tops are covered with cinders, pebbles or coke to hold the moisture. 83 Ow ReeD & BUREN SEL Aw CxO eMEP. ASE Nacy) Work Rooms A) ORK ROOMS are for the purpose of having a convenient place to do the potting, and to hold the bins for storing soil during the winter months. In cases of extensive ranges where the potting rooms are provided with soil bins, packing space and tables for shipping flowers, refrigerator, man’s room and so on, we call them “service build- ings.” In either case they are usually placed over the boiler cellar and coal bin. Fre- quently it is possible to utilize part of the garden house or other building and place a cellar under it, making every bit as good an arrangement. Sometimes a part is divided off for the storing of garden tools, or an additional room planned, either upstairs or down, which is often used for office or sleeping room. When it forms one of a group of buildings requiring a similar architectural effect, we design it accordingly. It is possible to make these little houses exceedingly attractive, and fit them up elaborately, with tile floor, slate benches, pot racks, toilet, and even an ice box. If desired, we will gladly design and build them for you; we generally advise keeping them inexpensive, and place the extra money directly in the greenhouse. Number 150. You can get an idea from this how we arrange the moderate priced ones, with bench, soil bins and an open cellar (protected by iron railing) for the boiler. If you intend doing any of the greenhouse work yourself, you will become greatly attached to these compact little houses with their casement windows, opening over your potting bench—it means many a pleasant hour spent there. The exterior of this one is Number 151 shown on top of opposite page. I RON BoR TAs MoE Number 151. This is a comparatively inex- pensive little work room, which although very simple in design, only goes to show how attractive they can be made with weathered cypress shingled sides and white trim. It is the same design as used in con- nection with Plan 63, page 18. GEReE SEN, HeOeUrsekas CLENG Number 154. A pleasing stucco treatment. Simplicity still the keynote. It belongs to that beautiful, all curvilinear group so at- tractively shown on page 4o. Number 152. This one shows how different an effect the addins of more overhang to the roof, diamond-paned windows and green shingled sides can give to a work room that is otherwise practically the same as the one above. Number 155. With the greenhouse foundation of brick, the work room when constructed of the same material can be worked out ina very pleasing way. Tnis one is shown in the Unit System on page 9. Number 153. Yet another variation of treat- ment with the same simplicity of lines pre- served. On page 34 you can see another view and how effective it looks when at- tached to the greenhouse by a connecting passage house. Number 156. A good example of a large two story service building designed in keeping with the importance of the range. The walls of the potting room and the founda- tions of the greenhouses are built of the same weathered mountain stone. Onn & BoUSRENS Hea Mae Ce Oe Map PAa Ney Number 157. To show you just how the hot water pipes are arranged when placed under the side and center benches, the photograph was taken before these benches were in place. The fittings at the ends of the cast iron pipe coils, on either side of the door and also between the pipes in the center, have air chambers above the water line of the coils. They are our Patented Headers which automatically liberate the air from the system and so prevent its hindering a perfect and rapid circulation of the water. The Heating PON the right installation of your heating plant, depends much of the success of your greenhouse. Its perfection involves the right amount of radiating surface so distri- buted as to insure best growing conditions and the desired temperature in each com- partment. In order to obtain these results, you must have a boiler of proper size and capacity; ample mains for carrying water to the coils; sufficient grade to insure rapid circulation and even distribution. The coils must be arranged to prevent all air locks, and so planned that the temperature in each compartment shall be under proper control. On the face of it, these problems seem simple enough, but as greenhouse heating is different from any other, in that it is all longitudinal work, with but little altitude, the realization of its special requirements and the ability to meet them, only come through experience. The fact that we have met and mastered these problems for more than fifty years is sufficient guarantee that we will give you a perfect working heating plant. The hot water system of heating is preferred because of its capacity to hold the desired night temperatures without the expense of a night fireman. It gives a more equable heat than steam. The hot water pipes being run at a lower temperature, the heat is less intense and does not dry out or bake the soil in the benches as with steam. Number 158. Burnham Square Sectional Greenhouse Boiler, set in the work room cellar. This is only one of our Burnham Series. We have a catalog showing them all, which we will be glad to send you. Number 158 86 TEREOUN] oh hae Me GU Ree EONS HeO,UmsS Eos The Boiler To meet the exacting de- mands of greenhouse heat- ing we make a special sectional boiler called the Burnham, which, because of its economy and ease of operation, has become the standard of greenhouse heating. Being made in sec- tions, it can readily be enlarged at any time to take care of additions that may be made to the greenhouse. To further insure its economy, the sides and top are carefully covered with asbestos cement, which being a non-conductor, pre- vents the radiation of the heat in the cellar. Unless otherwise arranged for, the boiler is placed in the cellar under the work room and connected to the chimney by a galvanized smoke pipe. The Heating Coils These consist of several 3)4-inch cast iron pipes placed on cast iron pipe chairs under the benches, and coupled to the boiler by supply and return pipes, which we call \ mains. Our special automatic air vents or ' headers, as illustrated on this page, are placed ONEREIOW FEED PIPE “TO BOILER wherever necessary to prevent air locks that otherwise retard or utterly check the circu- Number 159. This is our special cast iron Sectional Ex- pansion Tank fitted with water gauge. It is placed in lation. : : the work room high enough to bring the water line To control the temperature in the var1ous well above all heating pipes. It can readily be enlarged compartments of the greenhouse, cast iron, at any time. ; brass mounted valves are placed between the supply pipes and the coils, thus controlling the circulation. The joints between the various pipes and fittings are rust caulked which form a tight joint. ' ' special coils, With Propagating Beds ihe anegatne the regular heating coils, are used under the propagating beds to secure the temperature in the sand best suited for making rapid root growth. Number 160. One of our Cast Iron brass mounted valves which is used to control the supply of water to the coils in the various compart- Number 161. Near-by view of our Patented Automatic ments. Header for liberating the air from the heating coils. 87 EVOCTR sD & BLU) REN Hn AeM GC. OMMaP FAN aay. Entrances and Vestibules ESTIBULES are not always essential, still they often serve the purpose of protecting tender plants from the direct chill of the outside air, and unquestionably add much to the architectural effect of the house. Much thought should be given to their consistent treatment so that they will conform harmoniously with the greenhouse without the sacrifice of utility to design. Design A. This type of door with its small lights of glass and glazed side panel treat- ment is a depart- ure from the usual that works out most effec- tively. Design B. Where an ornamental en- trance is desired without undue ex- pense, this open vestibule has its good points. Design C. Side entrance ofa p ure Colonial design that is es- pecially adaptable for curvilinear houses. Design D. A palm house en- trance with a sec- ondary hood effect that is certainly most charming. Design E. In its frank simplicity lies the charm of this vestibule. Design F. A ves- tibule of this de- sign is more adaptable for the straight roof or curved eave houses. Design E. Design F. 88 TSR OON Ream. Ef Gene tare N ort OF ots 5 Wiring Frames for Fruit Houses Gr” HESE frames or trellises are used to support the fruit trees as described in detail on page 60. They are made of galvanized angle iron, strongly bolted, and covered with heavy galvanized wire stretched from opposite sides in a diagonal direction. 24 , Number 161. the soil. Wiring Frame with center walk. Photograph was taken just after the young trees had been planted in The frames are bolted to the roof purlins and cast iron sills and the arch posts secured to galvanized foot pieces set in the soil. The center slat walks are supported at inter- vals by a galvanized pipe frame which insures the walk always being level and keeps it away from the soil. Number 162. View in the same house looking straight down the center walk. Tufa Stone for Rustic Effects Gy HIS is a stone of peculiar sponge-like formation, that is most attractive for banking up around and in the center bed of palm houses; the lining of aquatic pools, building informal mounds; screens for bf OE Pe: ES Number 163. palm house at Greystone, N. Y. heating pipes and other rustic effects. In warm moist conditions, ferns, grasses and other in- teresting growths spring from it luxuriantly. In the interior shown on page 55 it is used exclusively. | ew 34215 i. ¥ at RS arial Glimpse of tufa stone used in the center of the Samuel Untermeyer LeOeReD & BYU RONSH AM ClOyM? PeAS Nay Side Wall Constructions These sketches show in a general way the various forms of side wall construction used in greenhouses. NUMBER S&8.W.A. Iron posts set in concrete footings, with double boarded sides, form the foundations for this type. An _ Ice-Clearing Angle Iron Plate is used at the eave. If side ventilating sash are desired under the eave, they are hinged directly to the plate. Shingles are often used instead of the outside boarding. NUMBER S.W.B. This dif- fers from the one above in hav- ing a Cast Iron Gutter at the eave in place of the Angle Iron Number S.W.A. Plate. The water collected by the gutters is carried away by means of drains. When side ventilation is de- ne sired, the sash may be hinged << ; directly to the gutters which are provided with a flanged stop. Number S.W.D. NUMBER S8.W.C. Masonry walls (either of brick, stone or concrete) are used in this type in place of boarded sides. The walls are capped by cast iron sills to which the rafters are bolted. Ventilation same as in Number S.W.B. This, of course, is the most durable type of wall. NUMBER S.W.D. In the Curved Eave Type the gutter is made in combination with the Cast Iron Sill which caps the wall. Further description of the eave construction is given on page 14. Ventilation is secured by panel openings in the walls. These openings are screened to keep out animals, etc. Number S.W.B. NUMBER S.W.E. Palm houses are usually constructed with high sides having pilasters and the essential ornamental mouldings, with large stationary side sash and transom ventilat- i i h above them. ig ing sas sareuesneereses The cast iron gutter is placed rs at the eave. The masonry walls - are capped by cast iron sills and the rafters bolted to them. The design of the glazing in the transom sash and sides may Number S.W.C. be varied. Number S.W.E. 90 LPReMOMVN Gy, Re Ave Ga Rake be Nigtit.O 2U eS his Range of three parallel houses connected by passage houses in the center. Erected for Mr. J. W. Paul, Radnor, Pa. What Our Sectional Iron Frame House Is Number SDG. This cut shows all the members that go to make one complete section of our Sectional Iron Frame Greenhouse on masonry foundations. The right hand half shows only the iron members, while on the left side not only is all the iron in place, but the small cypress glazing bars, rafter caps and sashes, all ready for the glass. Number SDC. And this shows the Curved Eave House treated in the same way as Number SDG. You see the construction of the two types is practically identical save that the gutter is placed in combination with the sill on top of the wall and each curved bar is reinforced by metal underneath. 91 UR Sectional Tron Frame Greenhouse is the culmination of an experience of this firm and its founders cover- ing half a century and more. It has been de- Development veloped and per- fected through our constant efforts to secure houses of greater dura- bility and to meet the demands of the gardeners for more light. The larger the amount of light admitted the greater the quantity of the blooms obtained, besides securing an unequaled perfection in their shape and coloring. For the same reason, the fruit acquires an added delicacy of flavor and beauty of finish, while the vegetables have that much sought for crispiness, possible only with quick growth. How a Sec- One section is formed by setting tion 1S Built up two spans of rafters 8 feet, 4 inches apart, at either end of two lengths of cast iron sills. The cross framing between these two spans of rafters consists of the gutters at eaves, and purlins between the eaves 2nd ridge. These latter are placed the right distance apart to carry the roof bars. Another section may be added by setting up one more span of rafters 8 feet, 4 inches further along with cross framing, and so on until you have the required number of sections for the length of the house. The strong, but light supporting frame is now ready to receive the ridge, small roof bars, ventilating sash and the six spaces of 16 inch glass. PaOrk es & The strength of this construction is Strength in its steel bar rafters placed thin edge to the light and framed between with steel angles for purlins—and in the method of secur- ing the rafters to the sills at the joints, where two sections of sills meet, and to the gutters in the same manner—so that the sections of sills and gutters on either side of each span of rafters are united to the rafters as if they were part of them, making the entire iron frame of rafters, sills, gutters and purlins as one piece. “1: The alternating of iron and wood D urability as seen in our sections, makes an unusually strong construction, as years of experience have taught us that wooden sash bars are more durable and satisfactory for the pur- pose than any other materials and prevent glass breakage that is bound to occur from expansion and contraction if metal glazing bars are used. Aside from the usual repainting, the matter of repairs is a minor one, for the small roof bars are fastened at the ends with iron clasps, and the supports are all on iron, making dry joints everywhere insuring long life. : While attaining durability, we Lightness have Teeeceedaate light a es fold, as each frame work member of our Sectional Iron House of to-day is but a fraction of the size of its corresponding member in the old time house and casts much less shade. Every unnec- essary member is eliminated to admit all possible light. Our development of the Curved Eave is a decided advance for still greater lightness. Br UA REN Hn ou Cr Oe MP BASIN aay . Architecturally, our Sec- Attractiveness tional Iron Frame Green- house has no equal. Each design is prepared with an idea of good proportion, and general shapeliness of contours, the keynote being sim- plicity of lines. As the rafter caps and pilasters, which are larger than the glazing bars, are united with the rafters at the end of each section, this point is accented, giving an effect of broad spacing throughout the entire roof and sides, not obtain- able where the glazing bars are of one size and no rafters are used. The design of the gutter or eave plate when used, gives to the eave a pleasing architectural emphasis. . . This construction is so Quick Erection scientifically worked out, that the labor of preparing materials and erect- ing is reduced to a minimum. It is not a house that has to be cut and fitted by hand, on the job, but the entire frame is passed through a line of machines in our factory, where it is cut, shaped, punched, fitted and primed, ready for immediate erection. When the materials are delivered to you, it is merely a matter of bolting up the iron parts and fastening the screws. The time and expense of erecting is thus greatly reduced, prac- tically equalizing the advance in cost of the Iron Frame House over the wooden structure. Description of Parts These sills cast in lengths of 8 feet 4 inches, form a protection to the walls and are the base of construction to which the iron rafters are bolted. They are cast with a rabbet to form a stop for the side sash. All joints between lengths of sills or at the corners have milled faces, making a perfect fit. Cast Iron Sills The Wrought Steel Rafters are Rafters placed eee 8 feet 4 inches apart, and vary in size from % inch thick by 3 inches wide, to the larger sizes according to how large the house is. These rafters start from the cast iron sills and extend to the ridge where they are united by a bracket, to which the ridge is also fastened. 92 On our standard sill and gutter houses the gutter is placed at the eave and bolted to the rafters at that point, forming an important strengthening member to the frame work as well as a con- duit for the water. They are made of cast iron in lengths of 8 feet 4 inches, and being exposed to the inside warmth of the house, causes the snow and ice to melt, keeping them free. The roof bars are se- cured to them by cast iron sash bar clasps. The side ventilating sash when used, are hinged to the under side of the gutter. Gutters Used on our Stand- ard Sill and Gutter Houses Used on Curved Eave Houses. F RAM E TeReOeN . Angle Iron Purlins extend laterally Purlins from rafter to rafter, between eave and ridge, the proper distance apart to carry the roof bars, and are bolted to the rafters. The sash bars and drip header rest on the purlins and are screwed directly to them. . The cypress ridge is made in two Ridge pieces. The main or lower member is tongued to fit the groove of the weather cap insuring an even overhang on each side as a weather protection. The main member is milled out to receive the ventilating sash or glass, mak- ing a weather proof joint. The top of the ridge is finished with a roll moulding or an architec- tural iron cresting which ever is desired. Each rafter is provided with Rafter Caps a small cypress cap on which the glass is set, thus avoiding the direct metal contact and the consequent glass breakage, which would be caused by its expansion and contrac- tion. An important feature of the cap is the insulation it furnishes to the rafter, protecting it from heat in summer and cold in winter. The groove in the cap fits over the rafter, thus bring- ing the rafters and sash bars into perfect align- ment. Upon the bars the glass is laid Roof Bars by being bedded in putty and held in place by special glazing nails. The bars are of cypress 154 6”x 17%”, and are placed between the rafters, five to a section if 16 inch glass is used; four if 24 inch glass. Each roof bar has a drip groove on both sides to carry away the condensation that would other- wise be conti:.ually dripping on the plants. In the Curvilinear or Curved Eave Houses the bars and rafter caps are cut to the curve desired, GAR SES te Nene O20] S. bes 93 from the solid wood, to insure against springing out of line. On Curved Eave Houses the bars are rein- forced at the curve by a special casting. This reinforcement is also a clamp splice, uniting the end of the bars securely, making strong weather tight joints. When the gutter is placed Sash Bar Clasp at the eaves, the roof bars are secured to it by Cast Iron Clasps making a rigid, dry joint. A similar clasp is used to fasten the bars and the rafter caps to the drip header at the bottom of the ventilating sash. . The drip header is a_ small Drip Header cypress member which caps the header purlin. It forms a seat for the ventilating sash, and being made in the form of a gutter, takes care of condensation from sash. It is grooved for the glass. The sash bars are fast- ened to it with our patent clasps. Partitions Glass gables are formed at the free ends of the houses. Parti- and Gables tions, unless for some reason to the contrary, are planned to a go under the rafters, and framed to them, making the length of GaniesBar each compartment a multiple of 8 feet 4 inches. When other- wise placed a special framing is necessary, which adds to the expense and detracts from the ap- pearance of the house. Partitions and Gables are substantially framed, and glazed practically the same as other parts of the structure, and furnished with door frames, doors, bars, etc. Galvanized iron leaders are attached Leaders to the gutter outlets, and pass down inside the greenhouse between the wall and the bench, connecting with the upright of drain. Carrying the leaders inside the house prevents stoppage by freezing. 14: The amount of ventilation re- Ventilating quired varies with the kind of plants to be grown and also the size of the house. It is usually obtained by opening the sash at the ridge, but if more than this is required, side sash are also used. In the case of the Curved Eave House, wall ventilators with metal frames set in the masonry walls are substituted for side sash. In OF RED & Sash All sash are constructed of cypress, blind mortised and tenoned together, and all joints doweled and thoroughly white leaded. All sash are made and put together before shipment, and as little wood used in the construction of same as is consistent with strength. The ventilating sash at the ridge are formed in a continuous line for each compartment, con- nected by galvanized iron caps which cover the joints. Doors are placed in the gables and Doors partitions where openings are indi- cated on plan. They are made of cypress with glass panels in the upper part and wooden panels in the lower part, all joints being blind mortised and tenoned, doweled and thoroughly white leaded. The glass used is double thick, care- fully selected A quality in suitable lengths and widths. It is bedded in special greenhouse putty of our own manufacture. Un- less otherwise specified, all glass is clear. Ground glass is generally used for roofs of palm houses and conservatories, and other tropical houses. Glazing BeUQRSNGitaA NL In the gables of the house the glass is laid | with lapped joints, each lap being about % inch thick. In curvilinear houses the glass is bent to fit the sharp curve of the roof. In curved eave houses it is bent to fit the curve of the eave. verre The entire frame work receives Painting three coats of paint as follows: The iron work receives a coat of red lead and oil before shipment. The wood work is primed by the “soaked in” method of immersing in our dipping tank of oxide of iron and pure linseed oil; it is then allowed to drain and dry— no part is brushed off—every point is thoroughly reached and penetrated. After the frame work is erected, all iron and wood members receive a coat of our Ideal Green- house White Lead and tank settled pure linseed oil. This Ideal Lead is our own brand, and pre- pared especially for painting greenhouses. The third or finishing coat is applied to the entire structure with this same lead and oil, after the glass is set. Heating pipes receive one coat of black in oil. The various members entering into the con- struction of the plant tables and beds, requiring preservation, are properly painted. 94 CeORMs PatAsN ey. Vestibules These are furnished when shown 4 on the plan; described and illus- and Hoods trated on page 88. Plant Tables and Beds See page 83. . The arrangement of the heating Heating apparatus is described on pages 86 and 87. The temperature in each compartment is specified according to the kind of plants to be grown. Wiring Frames and Slat Walks See page 89. W ork Rooms See pages 84 and 85. . A system of galvanized plumbing Plumbing is laid in each house for cold water service, and supplied with stand pipes and brass hose bibbs at convenient points for gar- deners’ use. The supply pipe is carried just out- side foundation walls, ready for owner to con- nect with water main. : The following items are excepted Exceptions from our Spechatts and tai mate unless there is a special understanding in writing, to the contrary: Masonry work, which includes foundations, cellar and trench walls, chimney, cement walks, drains, as well as piers for support of the pipe columns, benches and heating coils; filling and excavating; bringing water supply main to site; cartage of material to and from nearest railroad station and site; flashing where greenhouse is built against another building. After the order is placed with us we furnish without charge, the necessary working plans, details and specifications for the guidance of the mason in erecting foundations, etc. Alternate For practical grow- ing houses our Iron Construction Post Foundation with Double Boarding is often sub- stituted for masonry walls, and our Patented Angle Iron Eave Plate for the gutter at the eaves. Shingled sides can be substituted for the double boarding if desired. This construction saves nearly the first cost of the masonry walls and is practical and durable. It is the same construction that we have used for years in build- ing the large commercial houses. Scns oe = ede 22 ik ON Pek ALM E GARE Gh aNe@t On US CEs Sections tion—additional lines can be added if ment of heating pipes for a gen- eral greenhouse; they vary accord- ing to the purpose of the house. All the houses shown except the palm houses on page 97 and 98 are equipped with Indestruct- ible Cast Iron Beds and Tables. These are pro- vided unless other kinds are desired. The Tables shown in the palm houses have Galvanized Iron Frames with wood or slate tops. SECTION Sr. Straight Roof, two bench house with center walk. The masonry walls are capped with Cast Iron Sills. The eave gutter is Cast Iron. SECTION Sz. Straight Roof, three bench house with two walks. Same construction as Sr. HE following ten sections show the arrangement of walks, benches and ventilation in houses of standard widths. The arms inside the house indicate the lines of ventila- desired. Section S2 shows the usual arrange- SECTION S83. Straight Roof Even Span house divided into a three quarter span and leanto compart- ment, and having Wrought Iron Post Foundations set in concrete footings and double boarded sides. See Side Wall Constructions page 90, Number S.W.A. oN a6 be] h=O° Section Sr. Scale 14 inch to the foot WN SS i + sa tL iS ely [cee ee pe, Se | I | == 1 = ie —— } CI bs ' aia a oa =O) = + Section S2. Section $3. 95 Scale 14 inch to the foot et ZN iis J = I OMRUD # | ee e a =e = é —— = ——— — — Section $4. Scale % inch to the foot = Tr J arene imag b) ! . L al = eS 7 JHE Li mph earn ssier sts oe Uyrisig Bare ae Scale ¥% inch to the foot ection S6. a n THAR Scale 1% inch to the foot Section $7. 96 Scale 1% inch to the foot ith Or Nabe Re aA. My EY FG IRE EVN, HO! US S° ESS Scale of drawing one quarter inch to the foot. Section $8. Eighteen foot Curvilinear Roof House with three benches and two walks, for use as a show or general plant house. Other standard widths are 18 feet for two walks, and 25 feet for three walks. The walls are of masonry capped by cast iron sills. The cast iron gutter is set at the point where the straight side ends and the curve of the roof begins. The sash between gutter and sill are hinged to the gutter when side ventilation is required. \ , h a a . Ss . . S . ESS x SRS TERRA S . S s WAM S NS WEVVVH S : SRS TRESS : SONY . S SS SOON SSS SSSA LWLKES VSD . 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