e ¥ \\GRAPHIC SERTES- INDI HIS is indeed India; the land of dreams and romance, of fabulous wealth and fabulous poverty, of splendor and rags, of palaces and hovels, of famine and pestilence, of the cobra and the jungle, the country of a hundred nations and a hundred tongues, of a thousand relig- ions and two million gods, mother of history, grandmother of legend, great-grandmother. of tradition—the one sole country under the sun that is endowed with an imperishable interest for alien prince and alien peasant, rich and poor, bond and free, the one land that all men desire to see, and having seen once would not give up that glimpse for the shows of all the rest of the globe combined. | MARK TWAIN 315,000,000 People One-fifth the World’s Population 1,802,657 Square Miles 175 Persons to the Square Mile United States has 27 Persons to the Square Mile mn of India has Produced 50 Clearly Different Languages 217,000,000 Hindus 66,000,000 Mohammedans 11,000,000 Buddhists 10,000,000 Animists 3,500,000 Christians 330,000,000 DEITIES some of them worshipped by millions, Ye some merely village idols, but not one y presenting a lofty ideal of conduct. 5,500,000 HOLY MEN whose claim to holiness rests upon the fact that they do no work, but live upon the people by begging. 3,000 CASTES members of which cannot eat together, drink together, intermarry, or have any form of intercourse. 50,000,000 OUTCASTES who have no social or religious privi- leges, who are not permitted to enter a temple, or to speak the name of God. 27,000,000 WIDOWS who are held responsible for the deaths of their husbands, and are not permit- ted to remarry. OLD INDIA is breaking down HE WAR is taking the Hindu over the ‘Black Water,”’ and he is learning that the gods do not take vengeance on him for leaving his own country. He is learning also the superi- ority of some European ways. O INFERIOR CIVILIZA TIONS matter how firmly entrenched, can success- fully stand up against modern ways. Sooner or later it must step down. Methodism is playing a large part in the preliminaries. Under Modern Influences HE RAILWAY is one of the chief factors EARS’ SOAP AND SANATOGEN in the breakdown of Old India. It has sound more like America than India, yet brought the different sections of the country here they are, both calling out the death-knell into contact with each other. The railroad of Old India. mileage is three-fifths of the total of all Asia. " CAWNPORE: | MATCHLESS : 2 Food with Lasting 7 . ‘ 807 of the People plains, on rivers and on lakes, live eighty per cent of India’s millions. Hundreds of thousands of people live and die without ever seeing a school, a doctor, a hospital, a foreigner, a railroad, or a city. Ignorance and superstition abound. Filth and unspeakable immorality are but the natural results. And yet underneath each skin there lies a soul as precious to its Maker as is yours or mine—a soul quick to respond to the ideals that Jesus laid down for the guidance of mankind once the mind and heart are touched. Methodism has sufficient man-power to do this huge piece of work but lacks contents in its war chest. Spare away in villages among the hills and in the valleys, in the jungles and on the Live in 4) oe , ll ee ss Many hundreds of them were sick with communicable diseases of the most virulent nature. / Other hundreds were in a state of such low vital- ity from malnutrition and exhaustion as to fall easy victims to the slightest exposure. \ But their religion bade them act! N one person in all this crowd knew what personal hygiene meant. They all went into the holy river together! And when they came out, other hundreds went in! Year in and year out, from time centuries old, this custom has gone on! It is going on today. And until Christianity conquers, and knocks down the props that uphold a picturesque but worse than useless civiliza- tion, India’s millions will continue to be sick! Oil and Ignorance HE native Indian doctor is a combination of quack and astrologer, who has nevertheless inherited not a little pharmaceutical wisdom. But, viewed from the heights of modern medicine, his ignorance is abysmal. The missionary doctor has to win his way against great odds. Centuries of superstition often make the native fear to trust him- self in the powerful hands of the modern physician. For one thing, the ignorant native questions the eflicacy of the pill of the white man, sucha f¢iny pill in comparison with the huge doses the Indian prescribes. Then too, the mission- ary’s medicine is pale and weak in color; it cannot have the strength of the heathen’s luridly colored liquid. But the doctor’s fame spreads when his tiny pills drive away pain and his skilled hands perform life-saving operations. From all over India we hear of the missionary performing wonderful feats of surgery. A native in the Bombay Confer- ence came to Dr. Corpron and paid the fee for a special private exam- ination. The physician found that the man needed no treatment. vs. Modern Medicine Whereupon the Indian admitted ° sae that he had come, not to be cured, bod Oy but to see the face of the man who had been such a blessing to the sufferers of the district. Government hospitals and dispensaries do much to arrest disease, but their num- ber is not great enough to alleviate the sufferings of more than one-tenth of the people. ‘al a : : etgen x son U0 on te ed ‘CENTRAL OFFICE). . RVI OOC IOI DISTRICT © pee | | The loss of life from the disgust- ing concoctions administered by the native doctors is appalling. They recommend an ointment for open sores, consisting of a motley collection of filth and herbs. To the mass of proud flesh on the neck of a man who had been mauled by a tiger was applied a native liquor and the bark ofa tree. Bamboo scrapings mixed with lime, red gravel or dust and water make a salve for open wounds. ini (- W A ir | Shades of antiseptics ! . 952 NATIONAL Of India’s 315,000,000, only 18,000,000 can read. Each white square represents a million literate persons. The black space is drawn to the same scale and represents the illiterate popu- lations ILLITERACY ! Of every hundred Hindus, five can read. Of every hundred Mohammedans, three can read. Of every hundred native Christians, six- teen can read. \ ; say: en 7 [ Shall Methodism be content with sixteen ?/ 14 ( | 60.000 Methodist T hey can’t go to school, Children are without Schools couse there’s no school AN you imagine America’s Huckleberry Finn expressing any concern over such a condition? But most of India’s young- sters have never had a school, and to them it looks like Heaven. And, indeed, it opens the way to Heaven. For, besides Readin’ and Writin’ and ’Rithmetic, they learn a trade, and cleanliness, and godliness. Throughout India, Christians have a higher standard of literacy than any other class, but Methodists are in danger of losing this lead. Forty years ago we educated eighty per cent of our converts; now we are educating only forty per cent. In other words, there are in India 60,000 Methodist children without schools. Every year children have to be turned away from the schools we have because we lack buildings and teachers. In one school of North India, teachers and pupils have to stand during chapel exercises because they have not room to sit down. In another, the boarding pupils must sleep in some old dispensary buildings. And fancy living in a mission house (which is also a boarding school) and having a hundred boys studying on your front porch! Government schools make some provision for caste children, but, through the prejudice of caste teachers, outcaste children are excluded from attendance in the Government institutions. The low-caste Indian makes only a few cents a day, and so he can not afford to spend even a few dollars a year for schooling. In this case the Lord’s workers must help those who can not help themselves. his Native School is But 1500 are entirely Neetinnar lea a ‘Ul oe spenders eh 1 Ir ye ei nt me NG Ni Trtteaeed hs Gize aif aby If India had ten times 1,500 village schools, each with 100 pupils, her need would still be a long way from being met. Methodism may not yet count her laurels. There ts still a gigantic task ahead. Typical of Methodismis 1500 inadequate for the Need Fifty-four millions of people in India are dependent on you and on me—the Methodists of America—for the blessings that accrue from being able to read and write. 95% of the men and 99% of the women of India have never learned the first letter of the alphabet. Ignorance rests like a shadow on the land. < ae HE State has made considerable effort to dispel that shadow. Besides opening a number of Government schools, the State gives grants to private bodies in proportion to the efhiciency of their organization and results achieved. More than three-fourths of the education of India is conducted by private bodies. Mis- sion societies represent a goodly number of these. One-ninth of the four million school children of India are in mission schools. They include 330,000 boys and nearly 100,000 girls. Age-old traditions bound a girl child to gross ignorance. An old Indian proverb says that ‘‘educating a girl is like putting a knife into the hands of a monkey.”’ Protestant missions were pioneers in the training of girls. And the sincerest form of flattery comes in the fact that recently Hindus and Mohammedans are imitating the scheme and establishing large and prosperous schools for girls in towns. Substantial Citizens DUCATION is one of the greatest needs of India. ~ In its train follow social elevation and relaxation of caste. A knowledge of engineering and irrigation will save vast districts from crop failure and consequent starvation. Training in wood-carving, weaving, brass-working, and lacquering will lift thousands of beg- gared outcastes to the plane of independent, self-respecting citizens, who can “‘look the whole world in the face.’’ Children brought under the influence of a Christian school form the nucleus of a Christian community. The kiddies are just like our kiddies. They are capable of respond- ing to the ideals we cherish in exactly the same degree that your boy and my girl respond. And as Methodism takes them on and on, from the first to the last stage of education, there is being slowly built up in the land of princes and paupers a civilization with its foun- dations set on solid rock. The road YOU traveled — who made that easy? India's N a land where the growing season is practically the whole twelve months of the year, there are +0,000,000 people continually hungry. Eighty per cent of the people 7 oe 7 live in rural districts, depen- ee Ss 2 Fes. dent upon agriculture for their tind pre ore Bm SESE. a otab ic eee existence, and STARVE. rea These people are hungry be- cause they don’t know how to farm. They use the same kind of plows their ancestors did in Bible times. The dry waste acres of land in one district supported only seven inhabi-,, tants to the square mile, whereas science and govern- ment help proved the soil to i i a £5: ee ee eet = . Nes eee There is a growing demand for books in the vernacular for Christian converts, textbooks for our schools, books which will convey to non-Christians the spirit of peace our faith 4-. inspires. eee ss aia. ee _ * In the bustle of a street meeting, or the crowd of a village church, the beauties of the Gospel message are often lost to the mind of a listener. But a little tract, which may be pondered over again and again in solitude, will drive home the truths of our religion. Future be capable of supporting almost forty times as many. What have plows to do with preaching? Just this. The Mass Movement is taking place among these people at the bottom of the castes—these people nearest the soil. Under present conditions, it is impossible to secure enough preachers and teachers to educate and admit the thousands of applicants to the Church. If they cannot raise enough wheat and millet to feed themselves, they cannot pay for education. But, in districts where a mission model farm school has taught these outcastes how to raise thirty bushels of wheat to the acre, instead of six, how to grow millet seventeen feet high, instead of two, how to save oxen in famine times by means of silage — these natives become independent (and properly fed) for the first time in their lives. If Christianity is to take root and become indigenous to the soil of India, it will do so when India’s farmers can sup- port their Church. hiilttii; MASS MOVEMENTS li SHE outcastes of India are turning toward Christianity in a great “Mass Movement.” Hinduism has given them no recognition. They have not been permitted to enter the temples, to receive the administrations of priests. or even to speak the name of God. Their very touch has been defiling. Along each of our three avenues of approach, education, medicine, and straight evangelistic work, this “Mass Movement” is a direct chal- lenge. © The outcaste cries to us, 1n a voice now heard far outside the borders of India, “Come, give me all you have.” They are turning to Christianity by the mil- lion in the hope lof a new {social and economic freedom. That they realize also the religious superiority of Christianity is proved by the fact that they are willing totsuffer persecution for their new faith. 90Z of All Methodist Converts { : -A CHALLENGE BURMA RANGOON e@ ‘ Colored spots on the map findicate | MILLION : where the “Mass CALLING MADRAS” IMILL r . CALLING Movement” 1s taking place * TUTI CORIN CALLING CEYLON Come from the OQUTCASTES CAN CASTE ASTE IS BEING CURED! At the top and bottom of the Hindu social structure are the two most vulnerable spots in the whole problem. Each one of these spots 1s being successfully attacked by the forces of light. Seven per cent. of India’s population belong to the upper or Brahmin class. These people are the best educated of any in the country. They are thrown more closely into contact with the foreigners than any of the other castes. They are beginning to understand that the Westerner has many customs and beliefs that are superior to theirs. The most intelligent among them see already that a social change is inevitable. Your missionaries are not neglecting the opportunity, and constantly and in ever-increasing numbers the Brahmin is throwing off that on which he has leaned for centuries, and is accepting Christ. The lowest order in India is the outcastes and they number fifty millions, or about fifteen per cent of the people. The lot of the outcaste is more miserable than that of a slave. He must live in a segregated district in the most undesirable part of the village. He may not use the village well or the village street lest he defile the Brahmin. The most menial toil is assigned to the outcaste. So depen- dent are the castes upon the outcastes for the performance of labor which 1s for- bidden to a caste people that it might easily be said that the outcastes of India carry the load of Hinduism. Once converted to Christianity, they will move out from under the pyramid, and the Hindu social structure will topple. Whole communities of these people are clamoring for Christianity and educa- tion. ‘They are refusing to accept any longer the menial, enslaved position in which they find themselves. They are reaching out for a bigger, better life and, when people begin to do that, no power on earth can stop them. BE CURED ? In between these two groups are the remaining seventy-eight per cent. of the people, also rigidly stratified, who will of necessity be forced to accept a new social plan as more and more of the outcastes are converted. It is a fact that the elevation of the outcastes, mentally, morally and spiritually, will provide the solution of the Indian problem as it is viewed by Methodism. VELOPING A T’S a long jump from the little cow-stable shown at the upper left to the sort of a structure at the lower right. More import- ant still, however, is the story in the centre illustra- tion. Methodism began its work in India in 1856 and its headquarters was the cow-stable. Today it has spread over thousands of square miles and has touched the hearts of millions. Where in the beginning Methodism had one representative she now has hundreds. The peculiar social structure offered advantageous points of attack and Methodism did not hesitate to wade in. I NATIONS SOUL TREMENDOUS step forward has been taken; a nation’s latent soul has been stirred to action. The future holds. still more wonderful oppor- tunity. It will be a doubtful one if Christian America holds back now. It will be a positive, Christian future if Chris- tian America does her bit today. Which Shall Be This WeET Ke IX. DAE Man Believes . That all life apart from the Supreme Being is evil, travail, and sorrow. . That murder and every form of crime may be practiced in the worship of the Gods. . That most of the 30,000,000 Gods are wicked and delight in visiting misfor- tunes upon those who worship them. . That a girl should marry at seven years —never after twelve. . That a widow should be voluntarily burned on the funeral pyre of her hus- band. . That he who lives a virtuous life is born into one of the higher of the 3,000 castes. . That he who lives an evil life is born into one of the lower castes, or an ordi- nary animal. That outcastes should be forbidden to read the sacred book. That a man of caste commits a crime should he teach an outcaste how to expiate sin. X. That disease may be cured only by superstitious and religious manoeu- vers. XI. That he is a/part of God, but be- cause of his ignorance is unable to recognize his identity. That his sins will be wiped away when he bathes in the sacred waters. There are five and a half million “holy men” in India today he FUTURE LEADER This Man Believes ell VIII. »G 0h . That God reveals Himself unto . That Christ came that we might have life and have it more abundantly. . That God must be worshipped with clean hands and a pure heart. . That the Father which is in Heaven is ready to give good things to them that ask Him. . That a woman has a right to determine her own life. . That no one has the right to take his own life. . That the reward of a virtuous life is individ- ual salvation. That the punishment for an evil life is individual condemnation. That all men are equal in the sight of God. . That the highest life is a life of service to the unfortunate. . That divine forgiveness is the cure for sin. those who seek Him. That Christ alone can cleanse from sin. There are 6,563 Christian Religious Workers in India and 2,713 Christian Teachers OUR PRESENT INVESTMENT (P TAT EI 4 A TA TA A AY A a AAI A BBB RI RIAN EES ATER BIS ESIRISSII DBOBIDNOODIBIE E) 3 gy) Ay) _.) ROPERTY valued at $2,430,735. A smooth running organization which has produced a Christian community numbering 337,728, increasing at the rate of 30,000 to 40,000 baptisms a year. Educational system, including Primary, Middle or “Grade,” High, Normal, Industrial, Com- mercial, and Theological Schools, with two large central Colleges. All teach the Bible daily to 40,588 Christian and non-Christian pupils, Two publishing houses serving seven language centers containing 173,000,000 people. Well-organized young people’s work enrolling 20,000 Epworthians and 139,000 Sunday-school pupils. Small but efficient medical work by our four hospitals and dispensaries. Force of 6,563 religious workers, including native preachers, 2,713 Christian teachers, 823 churches, chapels and homes. One college for women—One college for men. WATAT AY AY AY AY AT LY ALY A AY AAA A BAS AT AAAS A ISAS AY AS II III EIN DAA DDN III NDI y CLAY AT LI ASAI LY AT ASAT AY AS AS LS AY AD AS ASAS AIA ASALAS ESAS AT ADA AN EI AMADA EST ETAT ALI BS ‘TaD BY AV AS ZF ZS SP £9 ZIT EID ITE OUR PROPOSALS FOR ThE FUTURE Seeeeaaaaasa aaa EY) (J tC > wy ROVIDE primary education for over 60,000 neglected Methodist children. Add 1,050 native workers to shepherd the newly bap- tized thousands and instruct hundreds of thou- sands asking for baptism. Add 1,300 teachers for primary schools in order to meet the demand created by Mass Movement’s growth. Provide a permanent fund for publishing Christian literature to counteract efforts of anti- Christian press. Erect chapels and churches in areas where the Mass Movement has created hundreds of new con- gregations. Increase missionary force to meet the emergency of the Mass Movement and hold more strongly our great centers. Build houses for these additional missionaries and native pastors. Endow our theological seminaries and provide for each language area the necessary Bible train- ing schools for village workers. : Sy Ud Vd Vd Va Vn Ud Vd Gs Vd Vd Md Ud Ud Ud Ud Ud Wa Md Wd Dd MU TD Ud Vd Wd Wd WW) Wh Wd Wd WA Wd W) WW) Ud WT DH UD WW WD WD WD DA WD aN \S =2 by, PTR TR FA AIAIWATAAPATRA TA? BAMAPR7TAIMWIAIAIAW BMW BVPSFRIBIARPR S77 BFWWIA2AIRIWE FRPP srrPAFAFBWaPWarwarare / Why We Ask $5,344,782 ECAUSE the Methodist Church js defin- itely committed to the policy of Foreign Missions. Because India is one of the neediest foreign fields in which we operate. Why does not England—a Christian nation— provide the sorely needed assis- tance to her largest possession? Because the immediate need is greater than England or any other single nation can ngland—our can do now to look after he gation in connection with the great war. American Methodists are responsible for fifty- four million of people in India. We are asking $5,344,782 to cover a five- year period. This is at the rate of $1,068,956 a year or not quite two cents per year per person. India’s child millions are those who one day will be enjoying the world’s democracy for which our husbands and sons and >of AMERICAN METHODISTS brothers fight. These children must be made ready now to assume the duties that will be theirs. One of their greatest needs is Chris- tianity if their democracy is to be lasting. Our part in the great world struggle consists not merely of killing Germans. The constructive program is more to the liking of Americans, and the opportunity for world service presented by this Centenary movement is the logical point around which the American church will rally to a man. Most important of all, thousands of people in India are clam- oring for admission to Methodism. Can Methodism longer turn them away P The answer stands squarely up to YOU! (SALA AT ATO TAT AY AY AY AY AY AY BY BY AYA BSA EY ELAS ALAS AS ALAS EY AS EY EY AS BIBS BDAY BIBS BIAS BL AYES BAS ESAS ASEAN ED BEL ES 3 Ly Py IHEN the United States entered the war in April, 1917, the conflict raging in Europe appeared to many people to differ but little, except in size, from pre- ‘| ceding wars. 1 When, however, President Wilson a 7 Gnas States into the conflict, he lifted the struggle into world significance by laying down a Great World Emancipation Plan. The world in spots has been an unfit place in which to live. We entered the war to make the world safe for Democracy and Democracy safe for the world, America has set this standard for the nations. Everywhere man’s equality must be recognized and insured; his right to come and go as he will, so long as he observes the common laws of humanity and concedes to every other man what he himself enjoys. World Betterment is the new cry. Every movement which aims to spread this attainment will take on added emphasis. Weak peoples, little peoples, far-away peoples, oppressed peoples are to have their day. By the common consent of our Allies, Woodrow Wilson, as chief executive of a great people enjoying the blessings of true Democracy, firmly holds the leadership in the movement for making the world a better place. The spirit of Democracy must be given an oppor- G TATA AV AY AY AY AY AY AV AY AY AY AY AY AY AV AY AY AY A DA A AV ATA AY A AT AY AV AT AY AAT AY AAS AAS AY AS AAS AS BY ASE AS BS AT ES ETI ES | India - Your Money TRCWCRLACRPERCACRCACRCRCACRACACRCRVRCRGRLRLCRCACRLRDCRCACRCRCACACGACACACACRCACLRACRCRCRLRCRUIRCRLAVRELRLRCRCRLEAGVEACAGACAYAG a) (3 tunity to take root and to grow wherever the need exists. To accomplish that purpose we drew the sword, and we have succeeded. In our crusade we were sending food to three-fifths of Europe, relieving distress and suffering in France, Belgium and in Asia Minor. The impulse that forced us to do this, also demands that the Christian missionary program for the world must go forward in increasing measure. The fester-spots in the family of nations must be cleaned up. The Foreign Missionary Movement of the Methodist Church of America is one hundred years old! The Centenary Anniversary comes at a critical time in history. Everywhere people are raising the question, “Has Chris- tianity failed?” Christianity has not failed! It is the spirit of the Christ that cried out to Ger- many, “STOP.” It is the spirit of the Christ that compelled the Central Powers to lay down their arms and to acknowledge defeat. It is the spirit of the Christ that will bring freedom — political, economic and religious freedom —to all the peoples of the world. It is the spirit of the Christ that will fill the Centenary Missionary coffers to overflowing, in order that brother- hood, and love, and peace, and helpfulness, and true Democracy may be spread and maintained throughout the world. US ADYUS% BO OS) WO Ma Wd a Wd Wa) WU Ud Wd Wd Md WV Wd Wd WO WA U D) WD MH MD WA TD MM MA MH) MA DD HD DD MA MA MD AMA MAMA VAY E) \ FQPa7are THIS Boy has been taught to pray your way has been taught to understand what prayer means. He has been taught to read and writé and has been sup- plied with good literature. See what a won- derful effect has been produced! Look at his face and his eyes! Note his erect, manly car- riage. His finger- nails show that he has been taught something about personal hygiene. who Art in Heaven OT LONG before this picture was taken this lad was a N homeless, friendless child of India—one of hundreds of thou- sands. He lived in filth and ignorance—an orphan unsung, unloved. A Methodist missionary crossed his path and now, today — — — — Through this page, this little boy is calling to YOU now. Through thousands of miles of space his cry comes loud and clear. The tongue he uses is the tongue of hundreds of thousands of India’s children. They are both like him and unlike him, for but comparatively few have had his opportunities. Carry this laddie’s face with you as you turn the page. Remember as you read the message from our illustrious Presi- dent, and as you draw your check, that Woodrow Wilson was thinking of just such kiddies when he gave utterance to his beliefs. President Wilson Says: “VY THINK it would be a real misfortune, a misfortune of everlasting consequence, if the missionary program for the world should be interrupt- ed. There are many calls for money, but that the work undertaken should be con- tinued at its full force seems to me of capital necessity.” GRAPHIC SERIES PREPARED BY WORLD OUTLOOK FOR THE CENTENARY COMMISSION OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH fit FIFTH AVENUE ‘«NEW-YORK The Graphic Series embraces books on the following countries: CHINA JAPAN MALAYSIA NORTH AFRICA CENTRAL AFRICA INDIA KOREA MEXICO SOUTH AMERICA PHILIPPINES Copyright, 1918, by WorLpD OuTLOOK - - ks to approach Nirvana, not ho see etic w by deeds and service, but by inaction and self-torture. lu asc A Hinc 4