Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2023 with funding from Columbia University Libraries https://archive.org/details/fenestrasolidste0Odetr HIS catalog is composed of separate and distinct sections, any one of which may be removed from the cover, and used individually. Just give the screws a few twists with a small coin, take off the screw tops and lift out whatever section or sections you desire. This catalog complete to date should contain the fol- lowing sections. Section Number Name of the Section Section 1 Fenestra Side Wall Sash Section 5 Fenestra Power House Sash Section 6 Fenestra for Textile Mills Section 9 Fenestra for School Buildings Section 10 Detroit and Fenestra Solid Steel Casements (This Section at present covered in a separate catalog devoted to Detroit and Fenestra Solid Steel Casements) Section 11 Fenestra Erection and Glazing Section 12 Fenestra Installations Section 13 Fenestrated Garages Section 14 Fenestrated Foundries Section 15 Fenestrated Loft and Industrial Buildings Section 16 Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash Section 17 Fenestrated Coal Breakers Section 18 Fenestrated Laundries Any or all of these sections can be secured separately by writing to our Home Office, located at 2250 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan. Other sections will be issued from time to time covering new FENESTRA products, or revising sections shown in this catalog. Rec. U.S. PAT. OFF. For general use in every type of con- struction where strength, durability, light, ventilation and fire protection are items of importance. Especially adapted to use in buildings of a semt-residential character—such as hotels, apartments, hos pitals—also office buildings, show rooms, etc. ASRS ARLENE Ai ARTA ISIC soe Tea EDT rr Derg ere H H i t CE ee ee ed een eR omen 1-4 Index to Catalog VI Page Advantages of; Fenestra... 4 eee 1- 8 Agents and Branch Offices................ 1- 5 Application of Construction Details........1-38 Bottom Pivoted Vents. a eauer cadres 1-19 Branch Offices and Agents...............-> 1- 5 Butts, External Adjustable............... 1-18 Cam Latch, Fenestra Gravity............. 1-17 Camber and Semi-Circular Heads 1—42 to 1-44 Inc, Chain Operatorii. ccs crt 1-165: 1=19 Coal Breakers, Fenestra for............... 1-49 Code to Numbering System............... 1~23 Combined Units, Overall widths of 1—29 to 1-34 Inc. Connectifig*Rod fanaa oa bo ae ene 1-16 Construction Details (half size) 1-35 to 1-41 Inc, Construction Details, especially recom- mended oieee sceneries rs arm ona ase Ra 1-33 Dayton Fire Tested Fenestra. . 2.2... .. 2... 1-56 Department Stores, Fenestra for...........1-50 Details, Application (of. 5.5.0. = se en ete 1-38 Details, Construction (half size) 1-35 to 1—41 Inc. Details Desired with Orders.............. 1—55 Dimension Point to which all Measurements arevtakenicc cee Tee oee ect nese onc caens 1-27 Double Weathering ici, ccq ssuerere aneerearre snes 1-17 Effective vent opening... ........5...+..-- 1-22 Engineering and Estimating Service........ LS: Expandable Mullions, Dimensions for 1—29 to 1-31 Inc. Fenestra for Coal Breakers............... 1-49 Fenestra for Rail Roads). .....-5-- <0 1-48 Fenestra vs. Wood Sash. .1-6; 1-7; 1-46; 1-47 Fenestra. Joint Noein eee nr in oie terons 1-10 Fenestra, Mechanical Construction of...... 1- 9 KMenestra; Origin Ofieomne oes eee 1-11 Page American Colortype Company, Newark,N.J. 1-42 Beaver Power Building, Dayton Ohio..... 1-56 Best Foundry, Cleveland, Ohio. Interior and FESXtEriOr dev, cis sioreteeare a tee eons Toke stone ke 1-45 Butts—Enxternal, Adjustable.............. 1-18 Cam Latch and Stay Operator............ 1-18 Chalmers Motor Car Company, Detroit IMLICH Sraprorcua oka tousteds te tol omene enomereke el onekeyeneereaeae 1-46 Chicago & N. W. Ry. Co. Shops, Chicago, Tg eres arc cee aoe av etege 1-47 Cleveland Tanning Company, Cleveland, O. 1-22 Detroit Steel Products Company.......... 1- 3 Donaldson Department Store, Minneapolis, Minn Interiors.) es oe rel noterne eet 1-53 Fenestrated Department Store............ 1-53 Fenestra Standard Unit, Detail View...... 1-17 Page Fenestra Line.2% 62.26 ced ree eae 1- 9 Fenestra Worm and Gear Operator........ 1-51 Fenestra Sections............. 1-12 to 1-14 Inc. Fenestra Standards. (See Standards.) Benestralestediby Mires...) ala cee ne 1-56 Kittings)Menestrasacreci on eni eeiee 1-52 Glass, Sizes for Ventilators......... 1-16; 1-23 Government uses Fenestra in Navy Bldgs. . 1-15 Hanging Fenestra Ventilators............. 1-19 Important Points to Know... .....-5 05-5. 1-54 Joint; Menestrars so. secrete ene Mens 1-10 Line; DhesFenestractiesas eo nate crete 1- 9 Mechanical Construction of Fenestra...... 1- 9 Mullion;: Details =.d.0.0 Ase ne ee ees 1-39 Mullions, Expandable—Dimensions for 1-29 to 1-31 Inc. MullionsHorizontalters aa aes 1-40 Mullions, No. 101 or No. 108, Dimensions POL Se ers cierte ace eons SR oN 1—32 to 1-34 Inc. Naval Installations by U. S. Gov’t........ 1-15 Operation of Ventilators...... 1-16; 1-18; 1-19 Operator, Chain voniies .scerene satis 1-16; 1-19 Operator; Stay: acl wenden een etwas 1-18 Operator, Fenestra Worm and Gear........ 1-51 Originiof Fenestra jaacco. «cin bite en eeee 1-11 Overall Heights and Widths, Single Units... 1—28 Overall Widths of Combined Units 1—29 to 1-34 Inc. Pricesivis csc tore ie ee Brie eee 1- 5 Products, Dhe Fenestra. = a2. s0 06s a 1- 9 Railroad Construction, Fenestra for. .1—48; 1-49 Repeat Orders for Fenestra............... 1-52 Restriction of Ventilator Sizes............. 1-21 Restriction of Sash Sizes...... 1-23 to 1—26 Inc. Recommended Construction Details....... 1-35 Recommended Sash Sizes..... 1-23 to 1-26 Inc. Page Fenestra) Strength Test*:.... 005-0 an eorce 1- 8 Fenestra Worm and Gear Operator........ 1-51 Hammering down a locking-wing.......... 1- 9 John & James Dobson Factory, Philadelphia, PA doe acs eau ers SRL OL Eee eee 1-45 Larkin Building, Philadelphia............. 1-11 Lehigh Valley Railroad Coal Breaker, Wilkes- Barre, Pa. scons cee See Be ae 1-48 Lozier Motor Company Power House, De- troit. Mich cui an ieee hoeoars 1-43 Nat Raphael Warehouse, San Francisco, Cal.1—43 Northern Pacific Railroad Shops, Brainerd, MEN ho es odce nies, bans Gia Suene lo eyoler eames Gre 1-47 N. Y. C. & H. R. R.R. Shops, West Albany, IN serene rae ene nena tote Pee eo edie Moret cee 1-47 Osborn Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, QI! Fae calcce tocherenstace tee someeevemed.) Svelheionars 1-46 Page Sash, Dimension, Point to which taken..... 1-27 Sash; Tabrame Sf at.c7 eh es ore ee 1-41 Screening of Menestrase eee 1-45 Sections of Fenestra.......... 1-12 to 1-14 Inc. SELVicO sete s cn ciepnon ee ee 1- 5 Size of Ventilator Lights...... 1-16 to 1-23 Inc. SizesjofaVentilators nn ase eee 1-21 SpringiCatcht naa. Se ae i noe ne 1-19 Stock? Sashisn, <.. kavcncosieue com anya sea etys 1-23 Standard Camber and Semi-Circular Headst ier. rite apidsectern storks 1—42 to 1-44 Inc. Standards, Fenestra: Sr lights! widerateciate ieee creer 1-24 4 lights; wide ats ch cn venders eee 1-25 Splights: wid ews: ese ne 1-25 and 1-26 Gtlights widest wa. wee tee ies eee 1-26 Standard Fenestra Ventilators . 1-16 to 1-21 Inc. Standard Types of Fenestra Sashvtvietie sonnet Scere. 1-23 to 1-26 Inc. Stay Operatortascrvar soheias Geo 1-18 T Brame: Sash arrestee tree nie ocean 1-41 hy, DessOteh enestracncrsam ee 1—23 to 1-26 Inc. Units, Combination of........ 1—29 to 1-34 Inc. Wsers, Ligtiofen cesmapencr. a Yor tects yeney eran 1-53 Ventilator: Eittings aaa en nine 1-52 Ventilator Hangings ..9.ae ei rere 1-19 VentilatofiRestrictions 1.19) eee 1-23 Ventilator’ Sizessc-acra csc ee eae 1-21 Ventilators, Effective Opening of.......... 1-22 Ventilators, Standard Fenestra. 1—16 to 1-31 Inc. Ventilators, Size of Lights.......... 1-16; 1-23 Vertically Pivoted Vents........... 1-19: 1-20 Weathering, Doublesc....5 5 > eee ene 1-17 Wood Sash vs. Fenestra....1—6; 1-7; 1-45; 1-46 Worm and Gear Operator................ 1-51 Page Punching the Slot in the Vertical Muntin.. . 1-10 Riveting Bar Ends with Pneumatic Hammer 1- 9 Seaboard Airline Railroad Shops, Savannah, ine nara cae esaorelen ere neha ekeains aimee 1-47 Sill of Ventilators, Sectional View.......... 1-17 Standard Fenestra Units................. 1-16 Studebaker Corporation, South Bend, Ind. I 40-1 @ 10) cers SIO ARECHTLE OLOTe OREO cae ROH ONES ORES Ee 1-46 Studebaker Corp., South Bend, Ind. Interior esas eee ete iene 1-6 and 1- 7 Types of Standard Ventilators............ 1-19 United States Government Naval Station, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.................. 1-15 Vent and Sash Bars, Sectional View....... 1-17 Vertically Pivoted Ventilators............. 1-20 The complete catalog of Fenestra products is composed of twelve sections, this being Section 1. The contents of the various sections are as follows: Section 1—Fenestra Window Walls. A general folder, giving standard sizes and com- binations, construction details, general limita- tions, etc. Section 2—Fenestra Monitor Sash. A folder devoted to the various types of Fenes- tra Monitor Sash for saw tooth roof construc- tion. Section 3—Fenestra Steel Channel Doors. A folder devoted to the various types of Fenes- tra exterior doors, including pier doors, fire escape doors, etc. Section 4—Fenestra Steel Partitions. A folder showing the application of Fenestra Steel Partitions to various types of offices and factories. Section 5—Fenestra Power House Sash. A folder showing the typical power house win- dow and its application with photographs of installations, construction details, etc. Section 6—Fenestra for Textile Mills. A folder devoted to the advantages of Fenestra in cotton, woolen and silk mills, garment fac- tories, etc. Section 7—Fenestra Detention Sash. A folder showing the application of Fenestra to asylums, penitentiaries, jails, etc., with typical details and photographs of installations. Section 8—Fenestra Underwriters’ Sash. A folder devoted to this special Fenestra type and its advantages as a fire retardant, etc. Section 9—Fenestra for School Buildings. A folder showing typical installations in various High Schools, Country Schools and Technical Schools throughout the country. Section 10—Detroit & Fenestra Solid Steel Casements. A folder devoted to Casement windows and their use in offices, store buildings, apartments, hotels, libraries, schools, etc. Section 11—Fenestra Glazing and Erection. A guide and handbook for those in charge of the practical installation and glazing of Fenestra. Section 12—Fenestra Installations. A folder devoted exclusively to photographs of Fenestrated buildings. Z e. TE WINDOWS PATENTED | Fenestra Service HIS CATALOG does not list prices as these depend almost entirely on the types of sash used— number of openings—amount of ventilation desired, etc. Our experience as manufacturers of the first solid steel window in America is at the service of those who desire to take advantage of the best obtainable information and suggestions, before installing window equipment. A general square foot price list designed as a guide for approximate estimating will be sent on request. Without any obligation to the prospective user of windows, we shall be glad to furnish estimates and sug- gestions embodying the most economical arrangement of our FENESTRA standards. The placement of lighting and ventilating is most important for satisfactory designs of industrial plants. Each type of building has an individual problem to be solved to get the highest efficiency and for this reason we offer our FENESTRA Designing Service. Our Engineering and Estimating Departments are maintained solely for this purpose, and in addition we have the following representatives in other cities who are similarly equipped: ee a Branch Offices 1-5 Fenestra Service BIRMINGHAM, ALA. BOSTON, MASS. ‘ BUFFALO, N. Y. CHICAGO, ILL. . DETROIT, MICH. . KANSAS CITY, MO. NEW YORK,N.Y. . PHILADELPHIA, PA. PITTSBURGH, PA. ST. LOUIS, MO. : WASHINGTON, D. C. Detroit Steel Products Co., 1302 Jefferson County Bank Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 141 Milk Street. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 43 Builders Exchange. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 1534-36 McCormick Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 2250 E. Grand Boulevard . Detroit Steel Products Co., 605 R. A. Long Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 30 East 42nd Street. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 2019 Land Title Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 835 Oliver Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co _, 1722 Wright Building. . Detroit Steel Products Co., 318 The Evans Building. Representatives in United States ALBUQUERQUE, N. M. ATLANTA, GA. ... BALTIMORE, MD. . CHATTANOOGA, TENN. CLEVELAND, OHIO DALLAS, TEXAS DAVENPORT, IA. DAYTON, OHIO . DENVER, COLO. DES MOINES, IA. DULUTH, MINN. ERIE, PA. 4 FT. WAYNE, IND. . GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. HOUSTON, TEXAS. . INDIANAPOLIS, IND. JOPLIN, MO. KNOXVILLE, TENN. LITTLE ROCK, ARK. LOS ANGELES, CAL. LOUISVILLE, KY. MILWAUKEE, wIs. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. NASHVILLE, T ENN. NEW ORLEANS, LA. NORFOLK, VA. OMAHA, NEBR. PEORIA, ILL. ; PORTLAND, ORE. RICHMOND, VA. ST. JOSEPH, MO. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH . SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. SCRANTON, PA. SEATTLE, WASH. SHREVEPORT, LA. SYRACUSE, N. Y. UTICA, N. Y. BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA . SHANGHAI, CHINA . J. P. Sheehan Co., 10 Stern Building. . Beaullieu & Applewhite, 1317 3rd National Bank Building. . Peace & Peace, 330 North Calvert Street. . Sloan & Company, 819 Broad Street. . The E. F. Hauserman Co., 907-911 Illuminating Building. . S. A. Ellsberry, 408 Juanita Building. . E. G. Spaulding, 49 Davenport Savings Bank Building. . F. G. Kemper, 653-4 Reibold Building Annex. . Colorado Builders’ Supply Co., 1534 Blake Street. . Hawkeye Engr. Co., 408 Hubbell Building. . H. D. Bullard, 603 Palladio Building. . Erie Contractors’ Supply Co., 18th and Wallace Streets. . Wm. Moellering’s Sons, 231 Murray Street. . A. B. Zierleyn & Co., 439-440 Houseman Building. . Everett, Bradt & Wright, 409 First National Bank Block. . E. Frank Brown, 518 Hume-Mansur Building. . H. C. Sahlmann & Co. . Daniel Briscoe, Jr., 325-327 State Street. . Gus Taliaferro, 117 Center Street. . Waterhouse & Price Co., 331 E. Fourth Street. . Thomas L. Barret, 127 North Third Street. . A. K. Roberston, 836 M. & M. Bank Building. . Chas. Houston, 554 Plymouth Building. . E. T. Kirkpatrick & Co., 31 Vanderbilt Building. . J. T. Mann & Coa., Inc., 909 Union Street. . James L. Belote, 810 Bank of Commerce Building. . Sunderland Bros. Co., N.E. Corner 17th and Harney Streets. . Faber-Musser Co., 110 Edmunds Street. . Timms, Cress & Co., 184-186 Second Street. . R. M. Nolting, Box 201. . F. T. Windsor, 403-404 German-American Bank Building. . Stimpson Equipment Co., 309 Felt Building. . Pacific Building Materials Co., 523 Market Street. . Robt. N. LaBar, 419 Coal Exchange. . S. W. R. Dally, 435-6 Globe Building. . W. A. Robinson & Co., Commercial National Bank Building. . Clarence W. Wood, 238 North Salina Street. . The American Hard Wall Plaster Co., 119 Columbia Street. Representatives Abroad . G. Taylor & Co., San Martin 233. . Australian Metal Co., Ltd. . Purdy Engineering Co., Engineers. . G. S. Jensen, Contr. & Engr. 1-6 Wood Sash vs. Fenestra 2, estl PES Lockwood Greene 9 Co., Engineers, Boston and Chicago H. G. Christman Co., Contractors, South Bend Compare These Contrast the picture on this page with the one on the page opposite. Notice how dark this interior is as compared to the other. Imagine the difference in the amount of air and light that enters these two rooms! And yet both pictures were made from practically the same point in the plant of the Studebaker Corporation in South Bend, Indiana. One photograph was taken before the building was remodeled and while it was still equipped with wood sash. The other was made after the wood sash had been replaced by FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows. Many manufacturers are discovering, as the Studebaker people discovered, that good buildings are conducive to good work, and that air and light are important factors in any employee's efficiency. 1-7 Wood Sash vs. Fenestra Two Photographs FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows are being specified by men who are building for day-long natural illumination, perfect ventilation and en- vironment that creates maximum efficiency. Incidentally, FENESTRA also makes for permanence and fire-protection and reduces to a mini- mum the cost of artificial light. Good builders generally admit that the old fashioned, short lived, inflam- mable wood sash, which rot, warp, stick, and admit only a restricted amount of the light and air, should have no place in modern buildings. The use of wood sash generally indicates either that the builder is indifferent to the subject of windows and their advantages, or that he wrongly believes wood sash is cheaper than steel. 1-8 Advantages of Fenestra Senge Investment Advantages Maximum Daylighting FENESTRA is conceded to be the window that gives the maxi- mum amount of natural light. Twenty-five to thirty-five per cent additional daylighting is the improvement of pees: “Window Walls” over the average type of wood sash. Perfect Ventilation FENESTRA gives plenty of fresh air,—above your head if desir- ed,—where you can’t feel the draft. Ventilators are designed so they can be operated at any point in the sash to meet the special requirements of your building. Weather Protection Walls of FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows keep out both wind and weather. All joints and the union of the outside window section with the surrounding building, are perfectly weathered. Ventilators close with a flat, continuous, double contact. Protection Against Fire Insurance companies recognize the protection which FENESTRA gives and Luminated factories frequently secure lower insur- ance rates than others. Increased Efficiency Workmen who labor in bright, airy factories, do more and better work than men working under less favorable conditions. We have letters from concerns which have saved several hours a day by the installation of FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows. Increased Safety, Health, Accuracy Daylight, fresh air, good working conditions are prime requi- sitesfor maximum output in any factory. Accidents, errors, ill health are largely done away with through the elimination of darkness and poor ventilation. Increased Floor Space Inalmost every factory somecornersare in shadow. This means idle floor space or at least space that is not giving maximum efficiency. FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows light the factory thoroughly—they render every inch of floor space useful. Simplicity of Operation FENESTRA ventilators are operated by a chain and spring catch or a notched stay and cam latch. They can be opened to almost any angle, are automatically fastened in closing and can be locked from the inside—multiple ventilators can be operated in unison or independently. Low Cost of Installation Certain types of FENESTRA most used by builders have been standardized in our factory, and these standard sections can be furnished at a price fully as low as the price of wood sash. The saving in maintenance expense makes the cost of FENESTRA actually less than wood. Low Cost of Maintenance Once installed, FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows are there to stay. Their durability is such that they never need to be replaced. Repairs, though seldom necessary, are easily ac- complished. Architecturally Attractive Many builders have complimented us on the beauty of the FENESTRA joint. They say that the vertical bars overlapping at the joint give an especially pleasing appearance, particu- larly to large bays or long sidewalls. Reduced Light Bills FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows admit good usable daylight through a factory long after it has grown dusk in a building equipped with ordinary windows. It is estimated that there are 65 working hours a week in a FENEsTRA lighted factory, 3 days extra every month. Mechanical Advantages Solid Steel Bars Every bar of the FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows shows in cross-section that it is solid throughout—not ‘“‘built up,” “assembled,” or ‘‘wired’’ together under presses. All Bars Continuous FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows are made from bars which run continuously from jamb to jamb and from head to sill. These bars are interlocked by the patent FENESTRA joint which adds strength at the point of intersection. Adjustable Butts, Removable Vents Removable, adjustable butts with which all FENESTRA Venti- lators are equipped permit these ventilators to be easily and quickly removed when desired. This is one of the strong points in FENESTRA construction. Automatic Cam Latch The gravity cam latch which is standard on all FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows ‘‘rides’’ the weathering section at the sill of the opening, automatically catches, and by a single down- ward turn of the handle is locked absolutely and completely. Sections of Minimum Size FENESTRA Sections are guaranteed as to strength and durabil- ity while at the same time their light, thin bars admit the maximum amount of daylight and add grace to the general lines of the building. Double Contact Weathering By the use of a patented channel section, securely riveted in place, a positive contact at two parallel points is secured around the entire edge of every ventilator, giving an actua and positive double weathering. Fenestra Flexibility Constant slight variations in the size of window openings must be taken care of by the flexibility of the sash. FENESTRA is admirably suited to such adjustments and variations; like a steel truss, it is flexible until erected and properly anchored, but when correctly installed it is as rigid as a solid stone wall. Deep Glass Recesses FENESTRA has particularly deep recesses for fitting glass, thereby giving the sash a good weathering body of putty. This makes it easier to glaze and more serviceable after- wards. Standard Sizes FENESTRA is made in certain standard and stock sizes to facili- tate delivery. We recommend our standard sizes wherever possible and can quote a much better price on such sash than can be quoted on that which is especially designed for one particular order. Five Factory Inspections Five individual factory inspections involving ventilator, weathering, joints, operation of cam latch and assembled window assure the mechanical correctness of every FENESTRA sash before it leaves the factory. Exceptional Strength A heavy angle section known as our ‘‘No. 94”’ is now standard on all FENESTRA sash at head, jambsand sill. This gives extra strength at the point where the sash is attached to the build- ing, also effective weathering and easy erection. Fenestra Spring Glazing Clip The FENESTRA Spring Glazing Clip, makes the glazing of FENESTRA the easiest operation imaginable. No tool needed except a putty knife. This is another exclusive feature. —— WINDOWS-2 msoLlp STEEL Be PATENTED Riveting bar ends with a pneumatic hammer Hammering down a locking wing | Fenestra Mechanically Perfect hes precaution is taken to assure absolute mechanical correctness in all FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows. Every sash is given a rigid inspection and particular attention is paid to the little details of mechanical accuracy. Ventilators are inspected separately for perfect construc- tion, and again inspected after they are fitted to the frame. To insure perfect operation, all ventilators are equipped with the improved, adjustable and removable butts, which permit the adjustment of ventilators after the sash have been installed. All pivot ends of the solid steel bars are riveted over by pneumatic hammers and drawn tight. The FENEsTRA Joint gives a posi- tive lock at the intersections of the muntins, at a sacrifice of a minimum amount of steel. All locking wings at intersections are hammered down on rigid steel dies to make an absolutely tight joint, which is positively weather proof, allowing no chance for corrosion. This feature is exclusive in FENESTRA, and adds durability which cannot be secured in any other make. Completeness of the Fenestra Line HE Fenestra Line embraces the following types of construction, that meet all the requirements of day- lighting and ventilation: FENESTRA Side Wall Sash, with pivoted ventilators. FENESTRA Continuous Sash for Monitor and Saw Tooth Construction, pivoted and top hung. FEeNEsTRA Horizontally Sliding Sash for side wall and monitors of Mill buildings. FENESTRA Sliding and Hinged Doors. FENESTRA Portable Partitions for Offices and Factories. FENESTRA Institutional Sash for Asylums, Hospitals, etc. FENESTRA Economic Casement Sash for Office Buildings, Residences, etc. Detroit Casements for Apartments, Hotels, Office Buildings, Show Rooms, etc. FENESTRA Fire Escape Doors. FENESTRA Power House Sash. FENESTRA Operator for controlling side wall sash horizontally pivoted. FENESTRA Pier Doors. FENESTRA Underwriter Sash. In addition to its use in factories, FENESTRA is equally adaptable to the construction of: Machine Shops Warehouses Textile Mills Apartment Houses’ Loft Buildings Coalbreakers Power Stations Car Barns Libraries Schools Store Fronts Office Buildings Railway Stations Chemical Plants DepartmentStores Colleges Piers Roundhouses, in fact, every type of modern industrial and office building. 1-9 fF = Mechanical Construction NESILE of Fenestra 1-10 How Joint is Made HE construction of the FENESTRA Joint is one of the most interesting features of FENESTRA win- dow manufacture. A slot is first punched in the stem of the vertical muntin wide enough to allow the stem of the horizon- tal member to pass through it. The head of the Punching the slot in the vertical muntin vertical bar is then pressed so that its inner surface has the same curve as the outer sur- face of the horizontal muntin. The locking wing is then opened far enough to clear the horizontal muntin. All this is accomplished by one machine, which is shown in the photograph. The operator is feeding in the rolled steel bar which has already been cut to the desired length to form a vertical muntin. The ma- chine performs all the necessary operations and the joint punching is shown complete at the left of the machine. The details are shown in the circle. The horizontal muntin has only a small notch which acts as a lock against any side movement. To assemble this joint, the hori- zontal muntin is slipped through the vertical and the locking wing forced into place. Less than 20% of the steel is removed to form this joint. The Vertical bar is shown on the left, the horizontal bar above The Origin of Fenestra HE first steel windows of which we have record were made about 2,000 years ago, but they were crude hand-made affairs fashioned by blacksmiths. Fifty years agowhen steel rolling mills first began to roll commercially satisfactory muntin bars, metal windows as we know them today, assumed importance as a building commodity. At first the “miter joint’? was the only method known by which muntin bars could be intersected to form sash. This meant that about 50% of the steel had to be cut away at the joint and it was necessary to use very heavy members in order to build windows that would withstand heavy wind pressures. A German invented the ‘“‘FENEsTRA Joint” in 1899, and its manufacture was begun at Frankfort-on-the- Main shortly afterward. The chief advantage of the FENESTRA Joint over the mitered joint lies in the fact that the muntin bars are interlocked instead of mitered, the interlocking process sacrificing only 20% of the steel as compared to the mitered joint’s 50%. Naturally, the FENESTRA Joint is much stronger and offers greater resistance to shock, vibration and wind pressure. The FENESTRA Joint was recognized immediately as the acme of steel window joint construction, and it immediately became so popular that several other factories were started in Germany as well as in Eng- land, Italy and Belgium. About 1909 the Detroit Steel Products Company began to build this sash and put on the market the first solid steel window made in America. The solid steel bars which first made the FENEs- TRA Sash so popular are still points of superiority throughout the entire FENESTRA line. Every section is made from specially rolled solid steel. 1-11 Larkin Building | Ballinger © Perrot, Architects, Philadelphia Aberthaw Construction Co., General The Larkin Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Contractors, Boston. : SEE i : 5 A handsome illustration of the possibilities of FENEsSTRA. The window area is 85% of the exterior. A perfect example of a modern, up-to-date Fenestrated loft building 1-12 Fenestra Sections *SECTION NO. 94 SECTION NO.194 SECTION NO.,70 1 17/32" 1 1/32” SECTION NO. 71 fenes S LID STEEL WINOO = PATENTED SECTION NO. 59 ~ SECTION NO. 87 sie SECTION NO. 89 SECTION NO. 170 FENESTRA STANDARD ROLLED SECTIONS SECTION NO. 90 SECTION NO. 91 SECTION NO.93 SECTION NO, 92 134" Ih” SECTION NO. 192 1 - 13 Fenestra Sections Fenestra Sections HE successful manufacturer of solid steel sash demands that the different bars or members of which the sash are made, be of special steel so formed as to meet all requirements of strength, utility and structural variation. The FENESTRA sections are the result of years of experience and offer at once maximum utility, sufficient strength for all requirements, and lowest cost to the purchaser. These statements are founded on the actual experience, which we had, during the early years of our organization, with the various types of hollow metal, pressed steel, and built-up sections. The corrosion of steel, one of the most serious problems confronting the prospective user of steel sash, was the determining factor governing our decision to abandon all forms of sections except the solid rolled steel type. The uses of the different sections are briefly explained in the following paragraphs: Section 59—Used exclusively as a glazing angle to hold wire glass in the sash. This method of glazing is not recommended except in partitions; underwriters’ sash or in those rare cases where the failure of one light of glass would cause irreparable damage. Section 60—Horizontal bars used in conjunction with our 90 bar for Horizontally Rolling Sash. Section 61—Special shape used at the bottom of Continuous FENESTRA monitor sash, giving extra strength to the sash at point of greatest strain and giving a tight point of contact at sill. Section 62—Used as the vertical muntin bars of continuous FENESTRA monitor. Section 63—Used as the head member of con- tinuous FENESTRA monitor. The pivots are at- tached to this section. Section 64—Used as the jamb member of con- tinuous FENESTRA monitor whenever it becomes necessary to divide a long run or to join with the building structure. Section 70—Ventilator Weathering member used as the bottom bar of ventilators. The long down-standing leg offering a perfect drip and pro- tection against weather and adding extra stiffness at sill of ventilator. Section 71—The reverse of section 70 and used as the top bar of ventilators in cases where added strength is necessary. Section 86—Used on the sash as a weathering section at the sill of standard vents. Section 87—Used only on vertical pivoted sash as a weathering member at the sill. Section 88—Special weathering section used at the head of extremely wide ventilators. This sec- tion is used only where, in our experience, it is con- sidered advantageous. Section 89—Used as a weathering section at both jambs of ventilators giving a two-point flat contact. Section 90—This;section is used as the interior muntin bars, both vertical and horizontal, for all FENESTRIA sash. The vertical bar is punched for FENESTRA joint and the horizontal bar is notched for locking. Section 91—Used at the jambs, head or sill of frames in cases where a flat surface is desirable. Section 92—This section is used as an outside member at head, sill and jambs. It is recommended only in special cases. The 94 section is amuch more servicable and heavier section for outside framing. Section 93—Used as the sill member of vents in special cases, and head, sill and jamb members of frames. This section is used at the discretion of our Engineering Department, where special conditions make it desirable. Section 94—The standard side bars for all sash. The long projecting angle leg of this section makes it particularly desirable for connection to various parts of building structures, and adds extra strength and stiffness to the sash. Section 101—Mullion section used as a con- nection between units of sash, and recommend- ed in special cases. It is impossible to secure any variation in the widths of the figured dimensions of the openings. See detail 18, page 1-39. Section 108—Mullion Section—A heavier mul- lion section of exactly the same type as the 101 section. Recommendations applied to the 101 section also apply to this section. Section 109—A special T-section for mullion pur- poses. This section used in conjunction with 94 section at the jambs of units makes the most servicable mullion construction that can be used. This mullion allows of adjustments, so that any small variation in masonry or steel openings can be satisfactorily taken care of. It is our standard con- struction and is urgently recommended for use in openings that do not exceed a height of 9’ 0’. For openings between 9’ 0” and 12’ 6” high we recom- mend mullion section No. 309 which has the same dimensions as 109 section but is of heavier con- struction. See sections on page 1-14 and details, page 1-39. 1-14 Fenestra ry Sections (Z (AY tr SECTION NO.110 © : : SECTION NO.109 ° <007/ 32" 3/16" '»y SECTION NO.111 SECTION NO. 62 SECTION NO.61 “3 Section 110—Same as 109 except of heavier con- struction and a narrower sight line. Section 111—Special horizontal mullion for use in openings not exceeding 8 feet in width. See page 1-40. Section 170—This section is used exclusively as the lower bar of vertically pivoted ventilators. It is a combined drip board and glazing rabbet section. Section 192—This section is designed especially enes tr PATENTEO for the jam sections of vertically sliding sash, and the outside trim of interior doors. It can also be used as the outside member of our regular sash in place of the 92 or 94 sections. Section 194—This section is used as the head. sill and jam member of Fire Underwriters’ sash. It may also be used in the place of the 94 section, when a deep leg is necessary to make steel connec- tions. U.S. Government Uses Fenestra The upper pictures show the exterior and interior of the power house. The lower pictures show the machine shop and wood working shop HESE views show two of the government build- ings at the new U.S. Naval Station at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Like all buildings controlled by the navy department, they are models of their kind, the material for their construction being selected by careful architects and and engineers strictly upon its merits. The use of FENESTRA window walls in these modern naval buildings shows the favor with which our sash is regarded by the government. Special permission was granted by the Bureau of Navigation for the use of these views in our catalog. Pearl Harbor is but one of a number of U.S. naval stations in which FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows have been used. Some of the other naval installations are: Mare Island Navy Yards, San Francisco, Cal. Shell House and Magazine Bldg., Norfolk, Va. Central Power Plant, U.S. Navy Yards, Portsmouth, Virginia. Bremerton Navy Yards, Bremerton, Wash. Receiving Barracks, Latrine, St. Helena, Va. U.S. Navy Refining Plant, Fort Mifflin, Pa. Boston Navy Yards, Boston, Mass. Besides the naval installations listed above, we have received orders from other departments of the government. Benecia Arsenal, Army Point, Cal., is Fenestrated, as is the Weather Bureau station at Sand Key, Fla. 1-15 Fenestra Sections 1-16 Standard Fenestra Ventilators Type 44141 with Fenestra Automatic Gravity Cam Latch and Stay Operator Type 44141 with Chain Operator and Spring Catch For explanation of types see code explanation bottom of page 1-23 Type 57261 with Fenestra Cam Latch, Stay Operator and Connecting Rod Some Standard Fenestra Units The cuts on this page show three of our standard FENESTRA units equipped with standard attachments. Detailed views of these attachments are shown on page 96. These views are in- tended to show the general appearance of the entire unit. Note the clean lines and uniformity of construction. These windows are all double weathered as explained on page 17. Outside lights in FENEsTRA ventilators must be somewhat smaller than the other panes of the sash. Ventilator lights which abut on the top or sides must be trimmed one inch along the abutting edge. Ventilator lights which abut on the sill must be trimmed %-inch on the abutting edge. y, 1-17 - — Standard Fenestra 2. es. LT Ventilators Standard Fenestra Ventilators HE unusually sturdy construc- tion of our standard ventila- tors, and the simplicity of their design are factors which merit the special attention of Architects and Engineers. In designing steel members that form a contact, Engineers consider straight edges and flat surfaces as the most effective method of posi- tive weathering. FENESTRA ventilators are built in strict ac- cordance with this well recognized principle. A patented channel section is used in connection with a regular standard FENESTRA section in such a way that, as the ventilator closes, two flat surfaces on one section come into actual and positive con- tact with two flat surfaces on the other. This gives an absolute and positive Double Weather- ing. This channel section stiffens the ventilator, keeps it rigid, and ea | Part of a Fenestra Unit, photographed from the interior cf the building to show the usual method of hanging the ventilator, and the position of the cam latch and notched stay, when in perfect contact with sections of the ventilator is open. Note particularly the external, adjustable butts (No. 103) which fixed sash allow adjustment of ventilator and the deep leg channel and angle ¥ sections, assuring perfect weathering The No. 70 Section Fenestra Gravity Cam Latch The No. 70 section at the sill of all standard venti- Engineers have demanded an automatic and fool lators lends added strength to the swinging section, proof method of locking ventilators in place. FENEs- and by having a long leg which projects over the sash TRA sash are exclusively equipped with an automatic bar at the sill of the ventilator provides a drip for the gravity cam latch locking device, which is attached perfect escape of rain and snow. ‘‘Weep holes’’ cut to the bottom rail of the ventilator by means of a through the 90 sash section at the sill of the venti- solid rolled Z-bar bracket securely riveted to the bot- lator also provide for the escape of all moisture due to tom rail of the ventilator. This latch automatically condensation on the inside of the double weathering. and securely locks the ventilator as it closes. The Large ventilatorsare pos- Fenestra cam latch sible because of the added is strong, substan- | ones eee strength given by the chan- tial and of Very. nel section on the sides of pleasing design. #70 Section the ventilator, and by the Where ventilators Streneital IND 7Ossec gee cre nom na enin Cou BO oor ee sill of vent ie pole contad’ of tion at the venient reach from Fr eearing sunraces eels the floor, a spring Nonven: catch and chain ora tilator section should ex- cam latch and chain ceed 3200 square inches should be used. Perfect drainage | in area. Boutoin Wiig“ yeuces acne VENTILATOR prevents corrosion ventilators to swing in are equipped with Large ventilators run- ning full width of the unit are equipped with Nos. 70 spring catch and 71 section at head and and solid, sub- sill, giving perfect contact, stantial side Sectional View of added strength, and per arms. Seeillus- Sill of Ventilator fect weather protection. tration pg. 1-19. Cross-section of Vent and Sash Bars EXTERNAL ADJUSTABLE BUTT 1-18 Standard Fenestra Fei Ventilators (Z est. mits adjustment and assures perfect alignment of the ventilator with the sash.. Note how maximum rigidity is secured by double rivetting the butts through both sash and vent bars. Stay Ventilators within reach of the floor are equipped with a pressed steel-bar stay notched on the edge and attached in a neat and attractive manner to the latch fitting. The vent is held open by engaging the notches BUTT RIVETED over the edge of the sash weathering, locking the ven- UNS San to tilator when open to any degree desired. When not WEATHERING in use the stay drops automatically to a vertical position close to the wall of the building, or may be placed in a horizontal position across the cam latch. \ ADJUSTMENT Sectional View of the External Adjustable Butt Butts The most important feature in the construction of steel sash is the manner in which the ventilated sec- tions are hung to the sash proper. FENESTRA sash has an exclusive feature in our external, removable, adjustable butt, rivetted securely to both vent and sash bars, and presenting a very neat mechanical appearance. The butt itself is made of solid rolled steel sections, one member having a slotted hole which allows an easy adjustment. The mere loosening of a 34-inch nut, allows the shouldered hinge-pin to slide in the slotted member. A minute’s work, with only a common wrench, secures perfect alignment of the ventilator without removing it from the sash. Fenestra Cam Latch and Stay,\Ventilator Open to the Fourth Position The vent can be entirely removed by continuing the above operation and entirely unscrewing the nut from the pin. After removing the pin, the vent is easily lifted from its position. It can be replaced and adjusted just as easily. No skilled labor is required, and the whole operation can be done perfectly by any inexperienced person. The sectional drawing shown above gives a view through the ventilator bar, which is shown at an angle to the vertical sash-bar. The ventilator is hung by a pin which passes through the circular hole in the ven- tilator butt and also through the slot in the sash butt. The pin is omitted from the drawing so that the holes can be seen. It is the slot of the sash butt that per- Fenestra Cam Latch and Stay, Ventilator Closed 1-19 F 1AM Standard Fenestra e. es. Ventilators | Guana mnt Ten-pane Ventilator, hung at the jambs, operated by standard Fenestra gravity cam latch and stay. Horizontally Pivoted Fenestra operated by chain attached to the handle of the Fenestra cam latch and passing over a pulley at the top of the ventilator Ventilator Hanging Ventilators may be hung in a number of different ways to meet the conditions required in the building. a Our standard ventilators are horizontally pivoted 2 inches above the center. This allows the ventilator to close by gravity and lock automatically with our FENESTRA cam latch. nee Ventilators may be pivoted 4 inches from the top to swing out or l-inch from the bottom to swing in. These two methods of hanging are used principally to meet special requirements of the building, such as screening, interference with machinery, pipes, crane-ways, etc. Ventilators may be vertically pivoted so that they can be opened to an arc of 180 degrees. Ventilators pivoted in this way are equipped with an automatic locking device and a semi-circular stay so notched that they may be held open in a locked position at any angle desired. See details on page 1-20. Ventilators pivoted at side to swing out are standard hangings for fire escape exits. They are equipped with stay bar and automatic cam latch for locking. They should not be over two panes in width. Bottom pivoted ventilators are equipped with side arms for holding the vent open at a certain point, and are closed by means of a chain and spring catch. This method of hanging is used only 1 : Bottom Pivoted Ventilator, with ‘side to meet special requirements. arms, operated by spring catch and chain Note—Lights coming to the edge of FENESTRA ventilators, must be somewhat smaller than the other panes of the sash Ventilator lights which abut on the top or sides must be trimmed one inch along the abutting edge. Ventilator lights which abut on the sill must be trimmed 7-inch on the abutting edge. 1-20 Standard Fenestra Fei Ventilators (Zs est Vertically Pivoted Ventilators Vertically pivoted ventilators with semi-circular stay have a distinct advantage in that they can be set to catch the breeze from practically any direction. Vertically pivoted ventilators are not recommended over three panes wide with 14-inch glass on account of the projection of the ventilator into the room. A cam latch similar to that used in horizontally pivoted sash operates at the side of the ventilator, locking it shut when closed. Double locking device is recommended on all venti- lators over 46” high. Double locking device on both vertical edges can be furnished if specified. Vertically Pivoted Fenestra Unit Showing Ventilators Open and Closed Vertical Section Through Typical Fenestra Unit CONTINUOUS DOUBLE CONTACT FOR CLOSED : é i TO SWING VENTILATORS a 5 IN ADJUSTABLE REMOVABLE BUTT Note application of putty; double weathering; FENESTRA glazing clip; adjustable butts on vent; “weep holes’; and method of attachment at head and sill. Unbroken line of double weathering effectually safeguards against rain and wind and eliminates cor- rosion. ‘‘Weep holes” permit escape of condensation at sill of sash, and strong 70 section at bottom of vent re-inforces sash and provides “drip” for snow and rain. 1-21 Ventilator Sizes fies Ventilator Sizes ie selecting horizontally pivoted ventilators for FENESTRA standard units, the accompanying table must be closely followed. Conditions of operation and manufacture make it imperative that some limit be placed upon the size of ventilators and our recommendations based upon years of experience are embodied in this table. A brief consideration of the subject will show that it is possible to attach a much larger and heavier ventilator to a jamb member or outside bar of the sash, than can be attached to the interior bars or body of the sash, since the outside bar is always supported, either by mullions connecting two units or by the building structure itself. No such support being available for the interior bars, it is necessary to limit the size of ventilators designed for attach- ment to other than the jamb bars of the sash. In the table, the left hand column gives the size of the vents as two lights wide and two high, two wide and three high, etc. The horizontal line at the top designates the size of the lights. In the body of the table the notations “B” “BB” and “‘J”’ occur. “B”’ indicates that the vent can be attached any place in the body of the sash; ““BB”’ that if the vent is attached to the interior of the sash unit then the unit itself must not be over 5 lights high; “‘J”’ indicates that the vent should be attached to the jamb bars only. Thus, selecting a vent four lights wide and two lights high, the table shows that for all glass sizes up to and including the “Z’’=14’ x 20” size, the ventilator can be attached to the interior bars with- out restriction. In the ZB’ =15” x 21” ‘size, the unit is restricted to 5 lights high, providing the vent is attached to the interior bars. This restriction may be removed and the unit may be made higher, providing it is made four lights wide, thus allowing the four lights wide vent to be attached to the jambs. For all glass above “ZB’’=15” x 21” the notation “J” occurs, indicating that a four wide by two high Velliaiie thems: = 10 axa 22 ems Peele 23 4 sand “OQ” — 18’ x 24” glass sizes will not be furnished unless attached to the jambs of the unit. Some of the ventilators are not recommended in the larger glass sizes. No ventilator four lights high will be made for glass above the “YB”=13” x 19” size and the three light high vents are restricted to the LB =157x 21” glass. size. For a discussion of the relation between the size of ventilators and actual practical ventila- tion to be secured, see page 1-22. Table Showing Restriction of Ventilation Sizes Size of Vents Sizes of Giass ; Lights ae ane 16 ‘xB. me 18 ese | ae a | eee ee 22 | as nO 24 ip ee: Body B B Beene B B pee pia) Ss ep Body B B B Bie i cre 3 x 2 Body B B B B B B B B 3 x 3 Body B B BB | BB | BB R xi 4 Jambs J J I) ae o Body BY athe eB B B BB J J J 4 x 3 Body B BB BB J 4) | 4 Xx 4 Jambs J | J J Same ce an 2 Jambs ee ey as j ee dak) Jambs i | ij - 6 x 2 Jambs \ | J Ii | | “B” indicates that the vent can be attached any place in the body of the sash; ‘‘BB” that if the vent is attached to the interior of the sash unit then the unit itself must not be over 5 lights high; ‘“‘J’’ indicates that the vent should be attached to the jamb bars only 1 =).22 Effective Vent Opening fiiesto Effective Vent Opening Diagram No. 1 Using a 32” Stay T is, at first glance, to be supposed that the venti- lation secured by means of the movable sections in the sash units will be in direct proportion to the area of such movable sections or ventilators. Such would actually be the case provided it were possible to always open the ventilators a full 90 degrees. In the practical application and use of steel sash there is a well defined limit to the length of the push bar or stay rod which opens the ventilator. This bar must be of such length that it can be easily dis- posed of when the ventilator is closed. It must be short enough so that with the vent partly open, as in cold weather, the unused portion of the bar will not project far enough into the room to be a nuisance to employes, or to limit the use of the floor space im- mediately in front of the window opening. These considerations limit the practical length of the long- est stay used to 32 inches. In the line diagrams above are shown openings secur- ed with different length stays. Diagram No. 1 shows Diagram No. 2 Using a 28” Stay the opening of a three-pane-high Z ventilator. This ventilator is three 20” panes or approximately 60 inches high. The effective openings secured with the 24”, 28” and 32” stays are respectively 101% inches, 141% inches and 181% inches. Diagram No. 2 shows the opening secured using the same stays but reducing the height of the ventilator by one pane, making its height two Z panes or 40 inches. Note that the openings for 24-inch and 28-inch stays are 15 inches and 201% inches while the long 32-inch stay is not used in this case as it would open the vent more than 90 degrees, thereby reducing the effective ventilation. The above clearly illustrates the fact, that, given two ventilators of the same width, one being 40 inches or two panes high, the other 60 inches or three panes high, the smaller vent under practical conditions gives an effective ventilating opening of 201% inches, while the large vent, containing 144 more area, only opens to an effective height of 181% inches. It is our recommendation that all ventilators in the 16’, 17” and 18” glass heights be limitedto three panes high and that all ventilators in the larger sizes that is, in the 197) 20721) 22" -23-and 24 iheights;abe limited to two panes high. Following the above recommendation no ventilator should be more than 54 inches in height. Osborn Engineering Co., Contrs. The Cleveland Tanning Company, Cleveland, Ohio Showing three-pane-high and two-pane-high ventilators. Note the more effective ventilation secured by the ventilators two panes high. Standard Types of Fenestra Sash HE different units of FENESTRA Sash are manu- factured in a wide range of width and height. These units, combined with our various types of mullions, will give an opening of any desired size. Standard units should be designed three, four, five or six panes wide. These units are furnished in any desired number of lights high up to about 12 feet. Limits of Sash Sizes IF ENESTRA Sash are manufactured in units wider than six lights with the following restrictions: Units from seven to nine lights wide must not exceed 7 feet 834 inches in height (five lights 18-inch glass). Units which exceed 6 feet in width (five lights 12-inch glass) should not be manufactured in heights of over 12 feet. In large glass sizes, smaller units should be used, and the size of ventilation should be restricted to our standard practice. See tables on page 1-21 for ventilator sizes and limitations. In determining the possible size of units, considera- tion should always be given to the width and height of glass panes to be used, and to the size and position of the ventilators. In the following pages, you will find listed in detail a number of standard sizes of sash with different arrangements of ventilation, all of which are perfectly safe in their application. Important We earnestly urge architects and engineers to adopt a uniform glass size in designing their window open- ings, permitting the use of our standard types. The adoption of standards means quick delivery, low cost and will effect a saving in maintenance charges after the building is completed. A uniform size of glass in the window opening will add materially to the general appearance of the building, and will facilitate the manufacture and installation of the sash. FENESTRA Sash are made in the following glass widths and heights: Widths—10”, 11,’’ 12’, 13”, Malone lO eel ieands1S.cehleights— 16". 17,0 18, LOE 20 eel 2a 23) and 24°" The best proportioned glass sizes from the stand- point of design, general appearance and strength ALE Ast OMOW Sane Oa allGeY At Gxel Se ZA ax 20 RwlGnxe 22: Stock Sash The Detroit Steel Products Company has adopted a plan of standardization, which involves the carry- ing of a large stock of bars all machined and, in ad- dition to this, a large quantity of stock sash already assembled, in the following glass sizes: X, 10 x 16; VOD elo 7a Axe 2 () These sash are all manufactured with our angle section 94 on all four sides. With this extra heavy section combined with our standard “‘T” bar mul- lion, adjustment can be made in each opening which will take up any variance in concrete, steel work, brick, etc. We urge the adoption of these stock sizes wherever possible by engineers and architects in prefer- ence to the odd sized widths and heights. A complete list of stock sash will be furnished upon request by our nearest branch office or agent. Ventilators Ventilators should not exceed 5 feet (five lights 12-inch glass) in width, or 4 feet 5 inches (three lights 18-inch glass) in height, nor contain an area exceeding 3200 square inches. We urge the adop- tion of ventilators two panes high as standard. By referring to page 122, you will note that the use of two-pane-high ventilators allows of a freer access of air, giving far better ventilation than the three or four-pane-high vents. Two-pane-high vents, equipped with our deep angle sections at sill and hung on ad- justable butts, give rigid form of construction and efficient ventilation. We advise the adoption of ventilators the full width of sash except in units coming directly against concrete or brick piers. Here we advise the use of a fixed pane between the ventilator and pier. For limitations in the ventilator design, see table on page 1-21. Lights coming to the edge of FENESTRA ventilators, must be somewhat smaller than the other panes in the sash. Ventilator lights which abut on the top or sides must be trimmed one inch along the abut- ting edge. Ventilator lights which abut on the sill must be trimmed 7%-inch on abutting edge. Code of Numbering System Each pane size is indicated by a letter which, together with the numerals following, give a complete description of the sash. Example—Y-44141. Letter ““Y”’ stands for size of glass in this case (12’’ x 18’); first figure ‘‘4’”’ means number of panes wide; second figure, ‘‘4’’, number of panes high; third figure, ‘1’’, number of ventila- tors; fourth figure, ‘‘4’’, number of panes in ventila- tor; fifth figure, ‘‘1’’, number of panes between the sill and ventilator. In this case Y—44141 would indicate a sash accomodating 12” x 18” glass; four panes wide; four panes high, with one 4-pane ventilator located one pane from the sill. For photo- graph of this unit, see page 1-16. The following are the letters for different sized Sco ee rel Oexel 6 ee ah ie ee re. Yb» oe Ore / pela en Deru lal xe2as PB 17 x 28; O, 18 x 24. Any width can be combined with any height, for example; XB-X=11x16; Y-YB=12x19; YB-Y=13x18: Zb-Pa=lox 22. 1-23 Standard Types of Fenestra 1-24 Fenestra Standards z 2 5 seal a PES ee ig 2S, & % Q sS SASH DIMENSION | 4-23" SASH DIMENSION 10-9}! Sigal? FENESTRA STANDARDS _WIDTH OF OPENING 8'61'_ HORIZONTAL SECTION A full joe ption of these standards Aouching particularly upon... their economy, utility and the fact that they are made up ready for shipment, thus avoiding the delays incident to special manu- - facture, will be found in whe PagSS eer Tiereive these cuts. The cut at the top of this page is a horizontal section through an opening containing two units, each the width of - four 12-inch lights and joined by our 109 section mullion. The center line distances, or the spaces between the - bars; the space occupied by the mullion; the dimension _ of each unit and the width of the opening required; all these, with their relations to. each et are clearly shown. : The section at the left is a Jeclical section — through a 7-pane at unit Gesigacd for 18-inch glass. - Note that %-inch is added to the width and height of glass sizes in order to determine : the center uae of the bars. _ IMPORTANT “Tn using these standards care ¢ must be taken that the area of any individual - unit does not exceed 70 square feet for . units containing approximately 66% - ventilation, 85 square feet in area being — allowed if the ventilation is decreased — to approximately 33%, and 100 square feet if the frame is a fixed light unit. That these limiting areas are ap- — proximate, and not exact, should be = carefully noted. The smaller the glass - sizes the more steel to the square foot of area and consequently the stronger the frame. The values given are for glass 14"x 20". They can be increased © 15% for 10"x 16" glass, and should be — decreased 15% for 18" x 24" glass, inter- - mediate sizes taking a corresponding increase or decrease. ..For the limiting sizes of ventilators see discussion under that topic. t ~— THREE PANE WID For limiting size of ventilators and sash, see pages, 1-21; 1-22: and 1-23 ea Ne pone 1-25 Fenestra Standards FENESTRA STANDARDS IMPORTANT In using these standards care must be taken that the area of any individual unit does not exceed 70 square feet for units containing appreximately 66% ventilation, 85 square feet in area being allowed if the ventilation is decreased to approximately 33%, and 100 square feet if the frame is a fixed light unit. That these limiting areas are approximate, and not 421-8-0 exact, should be carefully noted. The smaller the glass sizes the more steel to the square foot of area and con- sequently the stronger the frame. The values given are for glass 14"x 20". They can be increased 15% for 10"x 16"glass, and should be decreased 15% for 18"x 24" glass, intermediate sizes tak- ing a corresponding increase or decrease. For the limiting sizes of ventilators see discussion under that topic. 451-8-1 492-4-1 491-8-. -492-B-1—-492-8-1 492-8-2 |}-_________rour PANE WIDE Unies For limiting size of ventilators and sash, see pages 1-21; 1-22; and 1-23. 1-26 Fenestra Standards j 2. est FENESTRA STANDARDS IMPORTANT In using these standards care must be taken that the area of any individual unit does not exceed 70 square feet for units containing approxi- mately 66% ventilation, 85 square feet in area being allowed if the ventilation is decreased to approximately 33%, and 100 square feet if the frame is a fixed light unit. ae That these limiting areas are approximate, and not exact, should be carefully noted. The smaller the glass sizes the more ‘steel to the square foot of area and consequently the stronger the frame. The values given are for glass 14"x 20". They can be increased 15% for 10"x 16" glass, and should be decreased 15% for 18"x 24" glass,intermedi- _ ate sizes taking a corresponding increase or decrease. For the limiting sizes of ventilators bane see discussion under that topic. oer ~551-10-2 551-10-3 §52-10-0 561-10-3 - 6- = 9- 592-10-1 as -10- 092-8- 092-8- 692-8-2 692-8-2 pe ave PANE WIDE Hie SIX PANE WIDE UNITS an For limiting size of ventilators and sash, see pages 1-21; 1-22; and 1-23 1-27 Measuring Point SEC. NO. 91 SASH DIMENSION SEC. NO. 92 SASH DIMENSION Tae : XS = —— SEC. NO. 94 SASH DIMENSION R SEC. NO. 93 SS =a Measuring Point to Which All Tables Refer HE points to which the overall dimensions of FENESTRA Units are taken are clearly shown above. The standard outside bar for all units is the section numbered 94. Note that the sash dimension of the unit is taken to a theoretical point 3¢-inch he- yond the body of the frame. By assuming this point as the sash dimension, we have made the dimension of the frame correspond to the clear masonry opening that will be required to properly install the frame in the building. This allows %%-inch on each side of sash for clearance to assure of free opera- tion of ventilators. A reference to details No. 1 to No. 12 shown on pages 1-36 and 1-37 will clearly show the relation between the sash dimemsion and the clear opening required. In dimensioning those units having other than the 94 section bar as the outside member of the sash, we have kept to the same theoretical point. A reference to the table of widths on page 19 will show that a three-pane wide sash in 12-inch glass is given as 3 feet 2 inches. This dimension is in all cases given to the lines marked “‘sash dimension” above. For section 91 this 3 feet 2 inch dimension is too wide by 3%” on each jamb or a total 3;”. For section 92 it is exact. For section 93 it is exact. For section 94 it is 54 inch on each jamb, or 14% inches short. As explained above and shown on detail-pages 1-36 and 1-37, this extra 5% inch on each jamb is allowed for making connections to the building structure, and all tables throughout this catalog, whether given for dimension of single units or the dimension of combined units, show the clear opening required for the installation of FENESTRA, using the 94 section bar as the member joining the building structure. In case it seems desirable to use some other section as the outside member. which will of necessity be joined to the building structure, proper allowance from that shown in the tables must be made in the clear opening, in order that the section selected may be properly joined to the building proper. Your attention is called to a further discussion of the 94 section and its merits on page 1-13 and its practical application on all detail-pages 1-38 to 1-41 inclusive. For Table of heights of standard units, see page 1-28. For Table of widths of standard single units, see page 1-28. . For tables of widths of combined standard units, see pages 1-29 to 1-34 inclusive. For details showing connections to building struc- ture, see pages 1-35 to 1-41. 1 - 28 Overall Heights and Widths HE tables below give the widths and heights of single FENESTRA sash units. Special care must be taken in the selection of the sizes of units to be used. To guide the engineers, in determining their limit, we have shown a heavy line through each table. Sizes shown above these lines are those recommended. We recommend that no individual unit should exceed seventy square feet, in units containing approximately 66 percent ventilation. Larger area can be allowed if ventilation is decreased. For 33 percent ventilation, sash units can be built safely with an area of 85 square feet. If fixed light sash is used, a single unit can be built safely contain- ing one hundred square feet. These limits are approximate only. The values given above are for glass 14 x 20 inches. Overall Heights and Widths of Fenestra Units inch glass, but should be decreased fifteen percent for 18 x 24-inch glass. The first column shows (in the first table) the number of lights high, and (in the second table) the number of lights wide per unit, for each unit of sash. The figures opposite the letters in the first horizontal line indicate the exact heights or widths of the glass in the various units. Below the glass dimensions, and opposite the figures corresponding to the number of lights high or wide, will be found overall dimensions of the sash unit taken from ourdi- mension point. Heights and widths of lights shown are actual glass sizes. Glass in outside panes of ventilators must be trimmed one inch at the top and side, and 7-inch at the sill. The adoption of our 10 x 16-inch, 12 x 18-inch 14 x 20-inch and 16 x 22-inch sizes, will mean quick delivery, low cost, and This can be increased fifteen percent for 10 x 16- low up-keep. We earnestly urge their specification. Overall Heights of Fenestra Units:— Combine any Height with any Width Height of Each Light in Inches No. of Lights High X-16 XB-17 Y-18 YB-19 Z-20 ZB-21 P-22 PB-23 Q-24 1 1- 53 *1- 61 7 iinse gi 1- 91 *1-101 eae *2- Qh Qt 2 WP M= one tote So T1G)u| | Agatsee |) WS Speirs eee i sotoe Nl eeecerny 4-15 3 eS, *4— 5 4- 8 *4-11 5-2 *5- 5 5- 8 *5-11 oS 4 5- 62 | *5-103 6- 22 | +6- 6} 6-103 | *7- 23 7-6 | ¥*7-108 | 8 23 5 6-102 7-32 | 7-88 *g- 13 8- 63 *8-112 | 9-43 x9 93 10- 22 | 6 8- 33 *8-92 9- 33 *9- gi 10- 3 | *10- 93 een ee egy [ere a 9-73 | *10- 23 10-93 | *11- 43 8 10s10 7 x1 ogy s 12234 slo 12-1440) Web 2a eee ee el oe ee en 9 | 12-44 | *13- 12 | 13-103 | eee ecg lnc oe a eek cooker Sizes shown above heavy line, are those which we recommend for use in single units. Stars indicate special sizes not carried in stock. Overall Widths of Fenestra Units:—Combine any Height with any Width Width of Each Light in Inches De eS rh X10 a ay 12 YB-13 Z-14 | ZB-15 P-16 PB-17 Q-18 Overall Width of Units 4 0-113 1- 0} is 1- 2 ey eee (25)-| pels oe eae 2 19h eee ae 2- 38 2- 58 2-78 | 2-98 | *o4lg | *3- 18 3 2-8 2-11 eames ta eee. 3-11 on +4 5 Lao ue 4 3- 63 3-103 4- 23 4- 63 4-103 5- 22 5-6 |) 5-102 | *6- 5 4- 43 £92 | 52 23 5- 74 [ vet0g |) 820i enn 6 5 3f ay A OS 2 eee eae 7 Pee fee 7-33 | *7-103 | 8-53 | *9- 04 | *9- 73 | *10- 24 | *10- 94 8 oy | *7— 7% | 8-39 | *8-4ig | *9- 7% | *10- 3% | *10-115 | *1I- 78 | 412-35 9 7a [ 8-7 | $= 44 | i0mre | A102108 11 7a 124d Ai tae ioaio; Sizes shown above heavy line, are those which we recommend for use in single units. Stars indicate special sizes not carried in stock. Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5’ in width or 4’ 5” in height. 2 Overall Widths of Combined Units Expandable Mullion Bar Construction +f Fig. 1 3 in axel a. LYN, aa ZI) . P\ pop \roos os an an Q 7D 2 A\. Lr EN PANU N UW y> A dpe PAS 4, fi \ f h i N é N f A i i i t i N Hi N i \ L 128" “yn 1" 123" 123" 12 1297 |e fs 123 123 128 SASH DIMENSION 4'-23" SASH DIMENSION 4!-23" WIDTH OF OPENING 8' 62" HE following table shows overall widths of combined units with T Bar Mullions, No. 109 or No. 309. No. 109 section is used for openings up to 9 feet in height only; No. 309 section is of heavier construction and is used for openings from 9 feet to 12 feet 6 inches. For openings greater than 12 feet 6 inches a special design must be used. Thirty percent added strength is secured with this T Bar mullion if the leg is placed outstanding as shown in Figure 2. The table below will be found of great assistance in designing window openings of such width that stand- ard units can be used, thereby eliminating the extra cost of special units. For example, take an opening 17 feet or 18 feet wide. The designer knows the approximate width of the glass lights he wishes to use—suppose the width is 12 inches. Directly under Y-12 in the table will be found constantly increasing dimensions, running down this Y-12 column until the approximate overall width of the opening is reached and the figure 17 feet, 314 inches is encountered. The two extreme left-hand columns are headed “Lights Wide’’ and “Units Wide” respectively. In these two left-hand columns and opposite the selected dimension, 17 feet 3% inches, will be found the figures 16 and 4. This shows that 4 units of a combined width of 16 lights of Y or 12-inch wide glass, will require a clear masonry opening of 17 feet 31% inches. It is immaterial what the width of each individual unit may be. Thus, a combi- nation of four units four lights wide each, or four units of which two are three lights and two five lights wide, would give the same opening. The essential feature is the total number of lights and units wide leaving the actual position of the mullions or connections be- tween units,—sketch of which is shown at head of this table,—to the discretion of the designer. In using these tables, care must be taken that the area of any individual unit is confined to the following schedule: Under 70 square feet, for units containing 66% ventilation. Under 85 square feet, for units containing 33% ventilation. Under 100 square feet, for units containing noventilation. These values are for 14’’ x 20” glass size. They may be increased 15% for 10’’ x 16’’. They must be decreased 15% for 18’’x 24’’. Table of Overall Widths Where Expandable Mullion is Used See Details 16 and 23, Page 1-35 Width of Openings Expandable Mullion Bar Construction bight | tee X-10 XB-11 Y-12 YB-13 | 7.14 ZB-15 P-16 PB-17 Q-18 1 1 0-112 1-01 1-11 {= 32 1-3! eae (eh! 16s 1-372 2 1 1- 98 1-118 2- 18 2- 3§ 2- 5§ 27s 2- 98 2-118 3- 18 3 1 2- 8 2-11 3— 2 3— 5 3— 8 3-11 4-2 4— 5 4-8 1 3-— 63 3-102 4— 23 4— 63 4-103 5- 23 5— 63 | 5-103 6- 23 : y) [peaks 93 Pena e! 4- 52 4- 92 5-12 5- 5h Sar ots GLa 6- 53 5 1 4- 43 4- 93 5— 23 5- 73 6- 03 6- 53 6-103 ja: 7- 83 1 5- 3} 5- 9% 6— 33 6— 93 7— 35 T— 9F 8-— 3% | 8- 93 Q— 3% : 2 5- 6 6— 0 6— 6 (10 7— 6 8- 0 8— 6 | v= 9- 6 This table continued on next page Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5/ in width or 4’ 5” in height. 1229 Expandable Mullion Bar Construction 1-30 Expandable Mullion Bar Connection Lege Width of Openings Expandable Mullion Bar Construction Wide Wice | X-10 | Bir | Y-12 | ye-1s | Z-14 | zB4us | P-16 | pPB-u7 Q-18 1 ee 68h), L7e03t 7-103 8- 54 9- 08 heave. | alieeoe 10- Q} 7 2 6- 43 eee ee 7s 63 8- 1g | 8- 83 9- 33 9-102 | 10-53 | 11- 03 3 6— 7} Ee 7- 93 8-44 | $113 9-61 | 10-13 10= 8} | 11-33 1 6-11; (Pap eal ee ee Sete ose igs; | 10-113 | 11-77 | 12-33 8 2 We: 7-102 | 8- 63 9-22 | 9108 | 10> Ge | 1122.) “U-108 ia Gs 3 7— 5s Sais | 8 93 95h P1024 P A008" 11-reeel mise 1 ioeeo: 1 7-10} 8- 72 924; | 10-4: | 10-10 | 1127 | 428 Sra Sea 9 2 8- 1} 8-103 9-75 | 10242 1 TF) 11=10F 12274 132 4 ee 3 8-4 cant 9-10 | 10-7 | 11-4 12-1 12-10 13-7 14- 4 2 8-114 RT ee erate ere eer air) ears (are G2) 1520 10 3 9- 23 | 10-08 | 10-103 | 11- 8% | 12- 6% | 13- 4% | 14- 23 | 15-02 | 15-103 4 9- 51 | 10- 3} | 112 12 |) MIST 129 | A ea ed 1s ee er geee. 2 gufgre| 1g2 se" | 11275) 122 Ge) 13232) 12ers ise te Pe eae 11 | 3 10-02 | 10-113 | 11-102 | 12-93 | 13-82 || 14-72 | 15462 | 16252 | 17-43 | 4 10232) 1128 | 12212 132 03 111s 10) iS 9 | 16 82a te | 2 mit rer apn elem erates cy favet || ae See ee 12 | . 102013" > WEt1e 12210 S11 eis | AS 1S a 16-11 re eae 4 ii? Ge 13- 2 id= 2 15- 2 16- 2 172 Wee 2 19282 2 11- 6: | 12-7§ | 13-8: | 14-9§ | 15-108 | 16-11¢ | 18-07 | 19-48 | 20- oe 13 3 11- 9} | 12-103 | 13-113 | 15-0 | 16-14 | 17-23 | 18-34 | 19-43 | 20- 53 4 12567; ne is Raye 23) 15-38% ‘| 1642? 17-52 1-182 6s || 192 72) 20- ss 2 12-5 ia 14- 9 1 | 174 18- 3 19- 5 20- 7 21-99 14 3 1227 E 4 AsO 141) AG Pe reise cise 57 i 10 7 ee et | 4 12408 | 44-03") 15-28 Vo te2 4s | 172 62) 488s |) 19-108 1) Bi oe oo: D 13-33 | 14-63 | 15-93 | 17-03 | 18-33 | 19-63 | 20-93 | 22-08 | 23- 38 15 3 1364 | 14-92 7] 16- Of) 17-82) 18-640 | 19-92 | 21 ot oo oseias | 4 13 9F =|; 5-02 J 16— 38 =) 17> 6} 189d 0 0k 213k oe a3 = 08 | 2 ide |) 1525s | eee sss Wapase -o0op ee i ee | 3 142480) b= 8S] ATS OF PSs 19S 8s OI) 222 4 as lle nO: 4 4 CE CEE has baive waseerery. | eae | 19-113 | 21- 3h | 22-74 | 23-113 | 25- 3} 5 147102 a 16-28 a 176 1810" | 20-23 | 21- 63 | 22-102 | 24-28 | 25-68 2 15-0; | 16-5$ | 17-10} | 19- 34 2058p |, 22 Ta owe eat: | 26-42 i 3 15- 3 16-8 | 18-1 19- 6 20-11 22- 4 23- 9 25 an 26 7 é | 4 is 5% | 16-103 |, 183% |-19 e8%- 21-17 | oe ot I ast ene ae | 26-95 | 5 ets ose) || ateatre enh | ort || Op OF |) oe oy 95 72 | 27-03 2 15-103 | 17-43 | 18-103 | 20-43 | 21-103 | 23-43 | 24-103 | 26-43 | 27-104 3 [6218 | V7e7R Ne 19 ee 1 0 = 72 at ae 8 as ee i 4 16-44 4 T7-10e | 19274% o0=10 ae 2o=24d Was 10y hoseeaeen iO | og 42 | 5 16=/7) (FASE) 19 PITA DD Fie) 24th 957 teat en This table continued on next page Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet Ventilators should not exceed 5’ in width or 4’ 5” in height. : fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. 1 - 31 Expandable Mullion Bar Construction Width of Openings Expandable Mullion Bar Construction eae aa X-10 XB-11 Y-12 YB-13 7-14 ZB-15 P-16 PB-17. | Q-18 3 16-113 18-— 63 20- 13 215583 23— 32 24-102 : 26— 53 28088 | 29-474 19 4 17- 23 18- 93 20— 43 21-113 23— 63 25- 12 26— 82 28-— 33 | 29-103 5 17— 53 19- 03 20-— 73 22— 25 23-— 94 25— 43 26-115 28- 64 30- 13 3 17-105 19- 63 21— 23 22-103 24— 64 26— 25 27-105 29- 65 31- 23 4 18- 1 19- 9 21- 5 23— I 24— 9 26-— 5 28— 1 29 -9 31- 5 os 5 18— 3; 19-117 21- 7} 23— 3% 24-117 26— 74 28— 3% 29-117 31 -73 6 18— 63 20- 23 21-102 23- 632 25- 23 26-102 28— 63 30— 22 | 31-103 a she 3 18— 8} 20— 53 22-— 23 23-113 25— 83 27— 53 | 29- 23 30-114 | 32- 83 4 18-112 20— 83 22- 52 | 24— 23 25-112 2— 83 29- 52 31— 923 | 32-113 i 5 19- 2% 20-11} 22— 8} 24— 5} 26— 24 27-11} 29- 81 31— 5— | 38— 2% 6 19— 55 21- 2% 22-113 24— 8% 26— 5% 28- 2% 29-113 ieee. ackeai 3 19— 63 21- 43 23-— 23 | 25— 0% 26-103 28— 83 30- 63 32- 47 34- 23 : 4 19- 93 21- 73 23- 53 25- 32 27- 12 28-112 30-— 92 32- 73 34-— 53 Be 5 20- 03 21-103 23— 83 25— 63 27— 43 29- 23 31- 03 32-103 | 34- 83 6 20— 33 22- 14 23-113 25— 9F 27— 73 29- 53 31— 33 33- 13 34-113 3 20— 53 22- 44 24— 3} 26— 22 28- 1} 30- 0+ 31-11; 33-10% 35- 94 4 20- 8% 22— 7% 24— 63 26— 53 28— 45 30- 3% 32— 25 34- 14 36-— 03 a 5 20-11 22-10 24— 9 26- 8 28— 7 30— 6 32— 5 34- 4 36— 3 6 21- 13 23-— OF 24-113 26-103 28— 93 30-— 83 32- 73 34—- 67 36- 5% 3 21- 32 23-— 32 25-— 32 27— 33 29- 33 31-— 33 | 33— 33 35- 33 he37-.35 4 21-— 63 23-65 25— 63 27- 63 29- 63 31- 63 33— 63 | 35- 63 37- 63 24 5 21— 93 23- 92 25— 92 27— 93 29-— 92 31- 93 33— 93 35— 93 37— 93 6 22- 04 24— Ot 26— 0; 28- 0% 30- 0+ 32- 0+ 34— 0} 36— OF 38- 02 4 22- 43 24— 5; 26— 63 Us A 30- 82 32- 9% 34-103 36-117 39- 03 25 5 22— 72 24— 83 26— 92 28-102 30-112 33- 02 35-— 13 37- 23 Pacer 6 22-103 24-112 27- 02 29- 12 31— 23 | 33> 32 35— 43 Bi 8 39- 6 1 23— 37 25- 5% 27- 7% 29— 9F 31-11} 34- 1+ 36- 3} 38— 54 40— 7} 26 5 23- 6% 25- 84 27-103 30- 03 32— 24 34- 43 36— 6% 38- 83 40-10% 6 23- 9 25-11 28- 1 30— 3 32-5 | 34- 7 36- 9 38-11 4l- ] 4 24— 13 26— 43 28— 72 30-103 33- 13 35- 43 37— 72 39-102 42— 12 27 5 24— 4} 26-— 74 28-103 31- 13 33-— 43 Bo 5 37-103 40- 13 42— 43 6 24— 73 26-102 29- 12 3l- 43 33— 72 35-102 38- 13 40— 42 42- 73 4 25-0 | 27-4 29- 8 32— 0 34- 4 36— 8 39- 0 41- 4 43- 8 28 5 25— 2% 27- 64 29-102 32- 23 34- 63 SONOS || see He 41- 63 43-10 6 25- 53 7 ae 30- 12 32- 53 34— 93 S713) 639-053 41- 923 44— 13 4 25-103 | 28— 33 30— 83 33- 13 35— 63 37-112 40- 42 42— 92 45— 23 29 5 26- 14 | 28- 6} 30-11; 33- 44 35— 94 38- 2% 40-— 74 43-— 04 45- 5} 6 26- 45 | 28- 93 31> 25 | 33- 7% 36-— 03 38- 53 40-10; | 48-— 33 45- 8} 4 26-— 83 | 29- 23 31- 82 34- 23 36— 82 39- 22 41— 83 | 44- 23 46- 83 30 5 26-115) 20 55 TEN Es a 36-115 39- 58 41-118 | 44-58 46-118 6 | 27- 24 29- 8} 32- 23 | 34 83 37— 24 29— 83 42-23. | 44-82 47— 23 Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5’ in width or 4 5” in height. 1 - 32 y, 101 or 108 Mullion Fei Tr Bar Construction (A es. 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction # CTT sN = 5: AN , “ : Jala Ns AN 4e > at ah Jane L» ZAC Ls BA N f \ f N ; i \ ic! i! } i" 1239 123 1235 123" ia A ¥ SASH DIMENSION 4'-2}" SASH DIMENSION 4'-23" \ WIDTH OF OPENING _ 8'-4is" | The remarks applying to the previous table apply ence to the sketch above will show the type of muljfon as well to this. The only difference in the two tables for which this table is computed. Before deciding to being the difference in space occupied by the mullion use this type of mullion, we earnestly request that sections connecting the i idividual units. A refer- you read the discussion on mullions on page P1220; Table of Overall Widths Where 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction is’ ‘Used \ See Detail 13, Page 1-39 4 ‘ 3 Pct Deuine: \ 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction # ae | rae X-10 \ XB-11 Y.12 | vB-3 Z-14 B15 . P-16 ‘| PB-17 Q-18 1 | 1 0-11} | I-04 i 13 eae 123s Tena f- 1 i6e l= 73 | + | 7 2 1 1- 93 1g | 2-18 2- 38 2- 53 2-27 § 2-98 2-11 3-1 + il 3 1 2- 8 2-114 3-2" | a 5 3-8 @ 3-11 4-2 4-5 4- 8 \ "il | ‘ 1 3-64 3-103 |%4- 23 4- 63 4-10 5- 23 5- 63 10 3 6- zt 2 3- 735 3-113; 4- 335 Bis Tt | 4-1135 O- Oye WO Tae 5-11355 6= 376 S, # 5 1 4-43 4- 93 5- 23 5-H 6- 03 6- 53 6-10 3 7- 34 7- 83 Pia Py er 1 534 5- 94.| 6 3% Spr6- 93 LEE TNE CE RCY 8- 34 8-92 -| 9-32 6 2 5- 433 5-103; 6- 43% »,6-103% 7— 435 (105% 8- 435% 8-103 9- 433 1 6= {4 GaSe LO Sh Meee hse 5 ae oF 9817 Fo Al 10 2 10> On 7 2 (OREN MAD. 7- 4, 711% 8- 6%, | 9-*t% | 9- 8% | 10-35% | 10-102, 3 6-34 | 6-109F| 7-582] 8 oF 827% | 922F |= 9598 | 10-44% | 10-118 2. | 1 6114. | ae, | ees) went % 7% | 10-38% | 10-11% | 11-73 | 12-3 +N: | | 8 | 2 7— O18 | 27- 815 8- 418 9- 018 | 9-9818 | 10- 418 | 11- 028 | 11- 833 12-435 3 7-2 # 7-10 8- 6 9-2 9-10. | 10-6 11- 2 11-10 12- 6 1 7-10} 8-75 9- 4% 10-13 | 10-103 I 1-74 12- 44 13- 14 13-10 7 9 2 7-113; 8- 83 9- 535 10- 2:5 10-1135 W- 835 12- 53; 13= 275 13-1135 3 8- 0% 8- 92 965) | 10-324 11- 03 11+ 92 12- 63 13- 33 14- 03 ae = eee een 2 8-913 | 9-733 | 10-532 | 11-38 | 12-14 | 12-11%) | 13- 9H | 14- 7H | 15- 58 10 3 | 8-10 ¢ 9- 84 10- 6¢ | 11l- 43 12- 2 13- 03% 13-10% | 14- 83 15- 6 } 4 |) S211 9= "93 10- 732 | 11-52 i= 8 13- 133 13-1123 14- 933 15- 72 This table continued on next page Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5/ in width or 4’ 5” in height. 1-33 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction Width of Openings 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction Lights ae X-10 XB-11 Y-12 YB-13 Z-14 ZB-15 P-16 | PB-17 Q-18 2 9- 82; | 10- 77s | 11- 67 | 12-53 | 13-43; | 14- 3a | 15-22, | 16- 1z¢ [ 17 Ove 9-94 | 10-83 | 11-74 | 12-6} | 13-54 | 14-43 | 15-33 | 16424 | 17-13 9-103; | 10- 9: | 11- 83; | 12-74% | 13-63 | 14-53% | 15- 4% | (Ce | abe 16- 6g | 17- 6x | 18- 6x4 lee ee irs 7a 1s 7 3 #is-s2, | 17 83, | 18-82 17-1032 | 18-1138 | 20- 028 17211 4219-0 4% 9) 20=12 K 18-018 | 19- 148 | 20- 228 a 19- 3% | 20-5 | 21-74 3 19-4 | 202.64" | O1ess5 4 19- 5, | 20-74% | 21- 9% 2 02-72 | 210 23-1 3 | 20-82) |) 21-118 1793290 3 4 13- 31 20-934 22 O44 | 23-38 2 13-1148 2I-114¢ | 23- 34§ | 24- 718 3 14-1 22-1 | 23-5 | 24-9 4 14- 23; 22- 2% | 23-67; | 24-1075 5 14- 3} 22a | Doe ee eodet ts? 2 14-10, i. Ms | = 98) | 96208 3 14-113 23-52% | 24-102 | 26-33 4 15- 055 P25 6: Oi Nog srr 5 15-13 Pe Uh yd OSS [ie meee aa 2 15- 84 24- 81h | 26- 28 |. 27- 8h 3 15- 93 3 24-92 | 26-34 | 27-94 4 15-1032 4 24-1038 | 26- 438 | 27-1028 5 15-11 2 5 2-1 ees se oye taes 3 16- $2 7 26-124 iT G YW 20> eae 19 4 16- 93 | 18- 43 | 19-113, | 21- 63 me 24- 83 | 26- 33% | 27-103; | 29- 5,3 5 [fle-104 | 18-52 | 20-04 | 21-72 | 23- Bg | 24-92 | 26 43 Bie) Bos Oe 3 /| 17-64 | 19- 24 | 20-103 | 22-63% | 24 22 25-103 | 27-63 | 29-23 | 30-103 4 f 720725 193m 20-1 Et | 29-07 8243 oe Neo DIT 8 10-3 FesOat te . fs 17-8} | 19--4§ | 21-0§ | 22-85 | 24-44 | Bog | 27-88 | 20-4¢ | a1- 08 "6 17— 944 | 19-512 | 21- 133 | 22-922 | 24- 522 26H 27291 | 29- 542 | 31- 133 3 18 4 e201 21-102, posh 252 4 | 275 th 28-1 30-07, Ge Boe t 4 18- 535 |>20- 248 | 21-1138 | 23- 93g | 25-528 | 27 215 28-1135 | 30- 848 | 32- 548 ; 5 18-27 20- 4 PET | PETG 25-7 27-04 29-1 | 30-10 B2507, é 6 18- 87; | 20- Sys | 22-24 | 23-117; | 25- 84 | 27-54, | 29% 24, | SSeS sleeper This table continued on ate page . Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5/ in width or 4’ 5” in height. 1-34 101 or 108 Mullion 2. estl Bar Construction Ca Width of ‘Dgenines 101 or 108 Mullion Bar Construction Hights| | Winey | X-10 XB-11 Vor? YB-13 T1429)" 273-15 P-16 PB-17 Q-18 3\ 19-93 & | B1251 4-0) 2211 2 dle 24067 a 2825 30 See ; a \ >| 192 4s | BIS D8 235 0-8) 24-10-26 S228 Os 0d ee ee 34- 0:5 22 ; 16 5 19-5 # | 21= 8 € 1232 1 e- | 24-11 269s oR 74. 30-5 2 oe een 6 192.62, | 2127455 WP 23 Dee 50 eG 104 anos 30 é 34- 23%, 3 Den OF ele OO= 35-5 § 4 27-1011 | 29- 35- 624 23 | 5 | 27-113 | 29-103 35- 7 3 | 28- 012 | 29-1123 35- 812 | 3 37-0 4 yee 24 | | Ts | 5 Bye ae | 6 37- 33 4 38-75 25 5 38- 84 6 38210, 20 4 31- 512 | 33- 728 | 35-933 | 37-1122 | 40-123 26 5 be Ngi- 6% | 33-84% | 35-103 | 38-03% | 40-23 6 22-1128 | 25- 148 mB 29- 518 745 | 33-938 | 35-1128 | 38-148 | 40- 318 Z | 4 23-88. (eesti as 2A | 20-1baee le S2 3411s |b B72 2g 0s oe oe i 27 5 | 23-94 | 26- if 28-32 |) 30536 = 3294 Zi Qt 1) 37= 340 806 tan) 419 6 23-103; | 26- 1g | 28- 4:5 | 30- 7% | 32-10% 35 Brae 00-07 orea a Tels | # ge = 4 24- 6 26-10% | 29- 2%; | 3B1- Gre | 33-10%, — 36- 2fe H38- 6x | 40-10% | 43- 27% 28 5 24-7 § 426-11 | 29-3 | 31-7§ | 33-119 | 36-34 432432 é3 | } 6 24 si | 27- 0H | 29- 4H | 31- 8H | 34-08 | 36-48 Fete oy eree é & | | 4 | 256438 | 27- O18 | 30- 24 | 32-748 | 352.018 | 87-535 31s | 44- 918 29 5 lia 6 © [2711 30a 04ag | S9--Oarel 350) eel ere 44-10 6 j25- 77s | 28- Ore | 30- Sie | 32-10 | 35- 3x5 | 37- Bre | 4. “Gzs | 44-1125 f: | | | Fae : | | & af | 26- 3% | 28- 9¢ | 31- 3x | 33- 9x% | 36- 39 | 38- Ox | 41- 3x5 | 48- Ove \ 46> 3x : | | 30 5 26-42 | 28-102 | 31-43 | 33-103 | 36-42 | 88-10% | 41-43 | 43-103 | ¥6- 43 ‘3 | 26- 53% | 28-11s% | 31-52% | 33-113 | 36- 5y— | 38-114; | 41-53% | 48-1115 46% 515 | | | | Individual units containing 66% ventilation should not exceed 70 sq. feet; 33% ventilation, 85 sq. feet; fixed light units, 100 sq. feet. Ventilators should not exceed 5’ in width or 4’ 5” in height. 1-35 T" , Construction Fe es. L Details NOT FURNISHED BY D. S. P. CO. - oh tap ee en EM 7/16" HOLES eee Aa | SPACED ABOUT ar asa red pe 1'-6" ON CENTERS - ‘ 2Y4"X24%4" ANGLE : aioe rs “@-cONCRETE? oe Aeon eet ae Ue Bay cas! v “ 5/16"STOVE BOLTS CLIP-PART NO. 101. FURNISHED BY SAS WS \ SASH DIMENSION OUTSIDE OUTSIDE HEAD AND JAMB DETAIL NO.3_ ASH_DIMENSION i TT Aj S IWC SG Si fu OUTSIDE a ; ! N SASH’ DIMENSION bes 2! SASH DIMENSION i N MULLION os MULLION DETAIL NO. 16 DETAIL NO. 23 MMILSIDE - SASH DIMENSION VS sie STONE’. 5. 5) CONCREYE OR’, DETAIL NO. 9 RECOMMENDED CONSTRUCTION DETAILS WE RECOMMEND FOR GENERAL USE THESE DETAILS FOR HEAD, SILL, JAMB AND MULLION CONSTRUCTION 1 - 36 Construction Fi = T' Details (Z est, NOT FURNISHED BY D. S. P, CO- 7/16" HOLES 716" HOLES SPACED AEOUT . ; SPACED ABOUT : PURMICH i'-6" ON CENTERS ‘ 214°X214" ANGLE 1'-6" ON CENTERS NOT FURNISHED BY D.S P.CO. ‘ f 217° N31," ANGLE a - b 5/16" STOVE BOLTS. a : ; 5/16” HOOK BOLT PART ‘CLIP-PART NO. 10: : NO. 90A NOT TO BE USED FURNISHED BY : WHEN VENTS COME BY D.S. P. CO. : ; AT HEAD OR JAMB. SASH DIMENSION T/T / ET / a SASH DIMENSION ANGLE SUPPORT FOR BRICK LINTEL NOT FURNISHED BY D.S. P. CO. y . OUTSIDE ee Zz Q 2 na n 4 a Q eal = = a Q = iG Nn 7) < < a nv _ ANGLE CLIP PART NO, 435 _ EXPANSION BOLT SPACED 2!-6" ON CENTERS — oS To} OPEN | 4 | > Nore SS — N aN OUTSIDE. - Y, 2 Y SASH DIMENSION Z ic pin enerey 5 Se DETAIL NO.5 | Yy SECTION G-& CONSTRUCTION DETAILS 1 - 37 fi Te Construction @. est Details -.°.4d NOT FURNISHED 4: | BY D.S. P. CO. ; ~ CLIP-PART OUTSIDE G7 2s vy Ya) 4' AN ESAS Seeker ayes] pve 2 SN me Pe or on it EERE i a OUTSIDE sp 4K, Jy" STOVEBOLT SEU Pete nas Canekee iy" X14" 3/16" ANGLE sd SASH DIMENSION ye ae eee og Bitcen minaronae eR oe -NOT FURNISHED = — 7/16” HOLES SPACED _ ane Aes oe omdenined ta ~ ABOUT'I'-6"ON CENTERS ae DETAIL NO. 7 SS > NS Y - me / agent: pas, Se Vivien orgies A ass SS NS SONG. ‘A 2 46 > a Pec as oy __SASH DIMENSION SASH DIMENSION N _ NOT FURNISHED” bo BY DOS BOG. 2: — 5/16" STOVE BOLT a 1 TQ —CLIP-PARTNO.101 _ §PACED ABOUT | Es NA Se PUM ON CENTERS Ig) 00 ye ys - DETAILNO.10. t OUTSIDE | RETAININGCLIP | - PARTNO.4330 |. SASH DIMENSION SASH DIMENSION wh | ler TT Nat BOLT WITH 5 - COUNTERSUNK NUT > —NOT FURNISHED | BYR. 8B CO nee ie DETAIL NOT a Ee ee AE Re EB ee CONSTRUCTION DETAILS 1-38 Construction Details fenesiZ Explanation of Construction Details Page 1-35 shows especially pero pmended construction details, including those shown in Bold Faced type below, together with an additional detail—No. 2 Detail No. 23.—(109 or 309 Section Mullions). This standard mullion detail is used in tables of widths on pages 1-29 to 1-31, inclusive. 109 Section is recommended only for openings that do not exceed a height of 9 feet. For openings between 9 feet and 12 feet 6 inches specify Section 309 which is of the same dimensions as 109 but of heavier construction The sections, are the same as used in detail No. 16, but No. 23, is much to be preferred, as the position of the Tee bar is reversed so that the leg is outstanding. This gives 30% additional strength to the mullion, makes it easy of erection, and allows sufficient expan- sion to take up variations in construction work. See page 1-35. Page 1-36 shows head and jamb connections. Detail No. 1—Head construction, steel lintel with 24-inch x 21-inch angle for attachment of sash. This construction allows a reasonable deflection of the lintel as well as some variation in the setting of the sash. This detail is recommended for all cases where steel lintels are used. This construction is also suitable for jamb connections. See page 1-35. Detail No. 2—Same as No. 1, except that the hook- bolt cannot be used in case the ventilator comes to the edge of the sash. This is both a head and jamb detail. Detail No. 3—Head and jamb construction for con- crete. Note the 3@-inch clearance required for the ventilator. Rebate in concrete should be cast 11%- inch deep by 11-inch wide to allow for installation of sash. Especially recommended for head and jamb connection of all concrete work. See page 1-35. Detail No. 4—A suggestion for short span lintels at the head of brick openings. The double angles make a guide for sash and when filled with grouting and pointed as shown gives a very effective weathering and a satisfactory job. Care must be taken to properly line the sash and 3-inch clearance must be allowed for ventilator. Detail No. 5—This shows a jamb connection for brick openings. This jamb detail, together with detail No. 1 for the head, and detail No. 9 for the sill, makes it possible to so prepare brick openings that units do not have to be installed until it becomes necessary to enclose the building. The jambs must be well pointed up between the sash section and brick work. It is also recommended to grout the sash in place. Detail No. 6—This detail is strongly recommended for jambs of brick openings. This detail is used when sash are built into the building with brick work. Care must be taken to allow the full 3<-inch clearance for the ventilator. See page 1-35. Page 1-37 shows jamb and sill connections. Detail No. 7—A special jamb and head construc- tion for concrete. Plates are anchored into the con- crete when formed and sash set later. This is used when extra stiffness is required or when a wide line is desired for architectural appearance. The jambs should be well painted after erection. Detail No. 8—Typical sill construction for steel buildings. No bolting through collateral steel work is required with this detail. Sash is held secure by means of clip at sill of sash. Detail No. 9—Typical construction, recommended for stone, concrete or brick sills. Rebate at least %-inch should be allowed to take up any variation of masonry work. See page 1-35. Detail No. 10—Suggestion for steel sill or jamb. This detail is recommended for steel construction. It allows a reasonable deflection of steel work as well as variation in the setting of same. Detail No. 11—Terra cotta sill. Rebate at least 34-inch should be allowed to take up variation in masonry work. Detail No. 12—Suggestion for steel sill. The sash is secured by means of a strip bolted to sill of sash and bent over structural steel after erection. This detail requires no rivet holes or punching of structural steel members. Page 1-39 shows various forms of vertical mul- lions. Detail No. 13—This mullion detail is used in com- piling table of widths on pages 132 to 134. Note that there is no expansion when this mullion is used. Concrete, brick or steel must be exact. Detail No. 14—This mullion detail is used only in cases where extreme heights of sash are to be installed demanding extra stiffness for mullion constructions. Detail No. 15—This mullion detail allows no expan- sion and must be carefully handled in erection. It is used to give a finished architectural appearance for inside of building. This mullion cannot be used when vents come to the jambs of the sash. Detail No. 16—This standard mullion detail is used in tables of widths on pages 129 to 131. This detail is especially recommended on account of ease of erec- tion and expansion allowable to take up variation in construction work. This detail covers either 109 or 309 Section. 109 Section mullion is recom- mended only for openings that do not exceed a height of 9 feet. For openings between 9 feet and 12 feet 6 inches, we recommend Section 309 which is of the same dimensions as 109 Section but of heavier construction. See page 1-35. Detail Nos. 17 and 18—Expandable mullions allow- ing for slight adjustments. Various size plates and channelscan be used. No. 17 to be used in cases when sash are over 5 feet in height. Page 1-40 shows typical horizontal mullions. Detail Nos. 19 and 20 together with No. 13 show horizontal mullion construction furnished for open- ing up to 8’ wide only. Detail Nos. 21 and 22 are suggestions for built-up horizontal mullions for wide openings, and are not furnished by the D.S. P. Co., except under special contract. DIMENSION ra [= Fl p VM a SASH DIMENSION | | SASH DIMENSION DETAIL NO.13 = : =| | “LTS WS VA MPs | 5 OUTSIDE SASH DIM. a" | NOTE: THIS MULLION NOT TO BE USED WHEN VENTS COME AT JAMB. DETAIL NO.15 DETAIL NO. 17 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR MULLIONS OUTSIDE 1 - 39 Construction DIMENSION are, ew, OUTSIDE : neces | eS a! SASH DIM. _ DETAIL NO. 16 VARIABLE | _SASH DIM. NOTE: THIS MULLION NOT TO BE USED FOR OPENINGS OVER ‘5'.0” HIGH. DETAIL NO.18 Details 1 - 40 Construction Details V6" HOLES _ ~ SPACED ABOUT 1'-6” SASH DIM. | SSASHDIM. 6 52 -ONCENTERS ~ - SASH DIM. SASH DIM. OUTSIDE — noe oe. - OUTSIDE > yx" BOLT WITH ‘COUNTERSUNK NUT SASH DIM. _ SASH DIM. | —“YNRETAINING CLIP, ~~ PART NO. 433. __ 3IZEDEPENDSON ‘LENGTH OF SPAN , BER, SASH DIM. ~—SSNOT FURNISHED — (PSY D.S.P.CO. -2aY"xK214" -ANGLE 24"X2¥%,"-ANGLE 5 5/16" STOVE BOLTS CLIP-PARTNO.101 - ‘V/i6" HOLES SPACED ABOUT™ 1-6” ON CENTERS SASH DIM. DETAIL NO. 21 ceuees CONSTRUCTION DETAILS te ROR | HORIZONTAL MULLIONS OUTSIDE OUTSIDE OUTSIDE | %" BOLT WITH. COUNTERSUNK NUT s SIZE DEPENDS ON LENGTH OF SPAN NOT FURNISHED BY D.S.P.CO. | ~5/16" STOVE BOLTS - CLIP-PART NO. 101 NOTE: THIS SECTION TO BE USED IN WIDE SPANS WITHOUT SUFFICIENT VERTICAL SUPPORT. DETAIL NO, 22 1-41 Fen Ts Construction [Z TAY Li Details > "aye fe eee te Wawa yee ea * «6 “a: 5, Tears Tarte” :' CONCRET! *S*'81"x1" ANGLE CLIP ..| N54 ‘* SPACED ABOUT 1'-6"= S ag as CENTERS eit Ne »: Sa Bin ster es +5 a: RSS > . 3 4 42 a LESS ALS WN SY Ne VWAQSSS ie y COMM 4 BS SOS S SSS en’ ZH4, : \ Fs ; S SSS NS SASH DIMENSION aN a. eo oS St SBOTIGN Chios Diicreata srs tS CONCRETE ec trey hci eo ope)? Bis ea PPB: PIT ZZ ahah . ele@ NY Hos} NZ HOLEINTEETOBE | PUNCHED IN FIELD. | fd" x 1s" ANGLE Al 0 ite .’ BRICK, STONE OR CONCRETE -, + 1 Begs pie RENESTRAISTEEL SASHE: ound LF aE pt eee , a Oe es 3 as PLEAS y 4 aa eee ay Sees ae et etme ed his Caen a ee tP on Ra UE sy eee AMET EL Sabie eset » + - ee 4 . 1 - 42 Standard Camber and Circular Heads TANDARD camber and semi-circular heads are fre- quently combined with FENEsTRA Solid Steel Windows, adding materially to the beauty and attractiveness of buildings so equipped. They serve to enhance and accentuate the architectural curves of a building, and give it character and individuality. Standard camber heads, four, five and six lights wide and one light high are carried in stock in 10” x 16’, 12’ x 18” and 14” x 20” glass sizes. Other sizes can be made to meet special requirements. The radius of the camber is equal to the width of the sash. These camber sash are made in separate units one pane high using No. 96 section at sill and are set directly on top of standard square head sash and bolted securely together with mullion bolts as shown by detail No. 19, page 1-40. Tracy, Swarthout & Litchfield, Architcets Standard Camber and Semi-circular Heads When set into brick walls, detail No. 5, page 1-36, will be found very satisfactory. If in concrete, use detail No .3, page 1-35, or detail No.7, page 1-37,with bent plate. We recommend the use of cambers, combined with standard sash, wherever possible, in order to secure the advantages in price and prompt delivery which they af- ford. See pages 1-23 to 1-26inclusive for standard sizes. Standard Semi-circular Heads These windows are made in separate units to be used over standard sash which are five or ten lights wide. They will cover one or two units of sash in either 10-inch, 12-inch or 14-inch width of glass. Where a semi-circular head is desired to cover two sash, space is allowed to include mullions ,-inch thick. The sizes illustrated are carried in stock. Camber or semi-circular heads are particularly desirable for use in power houses where the prevailing architectural design seems to include curved openings. In such cases it is customary to fill these openings as shown in the photograph of the Lozier Motor Car Company’s Power House, using large sections of FENESTRA standard sash, sur- mounted by standard camber heads of semi-circular heads. Details of camber and semi-cir- cular heads are shown on the blue print sheet on the following page. American Colortype Co., Newark, N. J. Showing fine architectural effect secured by the use of FENESTRA camber heads 1 - 43 nes: Da Standard Camber and Circular Heads PATENTED Other buildings equipped withstandard FENESTRA camber or semi-circular heads are Dan River Cotton Mills building, shown in the Textile section; power house of the Boston Elevated Railroad; power house of the Northern Ohio Traction & Power Co., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio; and Fairview Pumping Station, Detroit, in Power House section; Rand Hall, Cornell University, Ithica, N. Y., in School sec- tion; and the factory of Shreve & Co., manufacturing jewelers, San Francisco, in Installation section. Power House of the Lozier Motor Car Co., Detroit W.H. Crim, Architect, San F: Ly cae: 4 5 A Fou iGasgey Cu Conmntire Semi-circular Head Construction in Nat Raphael Warehouse, San Francisco, Cal. San Francisco 1-44 Standard Chamber and Circular Heads X Standard 10" x 16" Glass No. Width Height SX5 4'-4me, tg SX 10 8'-9'%g" 41-4968 ) FENESTRA CIRCULAR AND CAMBER HEAD STANDARDS Over-all Dimensions Y Standard 12" x 18" Glass Width Height 51-294" te7e 10-514 G5 1-294" Pr Vie i 6% Z Standard 14" x 20" Glass No. Width : Height S25 6'-0%" °. 3'-0" SZ 10 12'-1'%6" 6 '= 03," No. 92 Section, No. 96° SEC7/0/y- Sections for all camber and circular-sash except $X-10, SY-10, and SZ-10 which have 92 section at head and sill and jambs. Dimensions Taken to These Points i 1-45 Methods of Screening s [ INSA GaLOAId MaLNAO auvaNv.is SGUYVGNVLS VALSHNAY : 40d SWVUd NAaMOS JO MIA YOIMALXA aa-NOLLOaS ONINSAAAOS AO SCOHLAN - WWeNOLLOGS a 9 NV STIVLad : | *SUIP[ING UL Po}de19 o7e Yses Jo}Je payteisur oq Aeur asoyuy, ‘qq UON_eS Aq UMOUS POY}dU! SUIUD—INS PUDUIWIOIEI aM ‘SIO}EII}UDA poa}OAId Aj[e}UOZIIOY 10.7 “UW90I08 9Indes 0} Apeor AJOJOB} }E YSES 0} PoaydeE}}e si owe xog ‘WY UOol}o9s Aq uUMOYsS se apts -jNO WIOY pauseids sio}e[IWUaA pojoaid UI0}}0q PUSUIUIODII 9M “}SOd [BIIUL WINU -1UIul pue uoleiado jo Ajloyduns 107 aNVad NAAYOS NI NadO OL LNSA ONNH WOLLOG GUVGNV.LS 40d ANVYA NAaMOS AO MIA YOIMALKA as aNVaA NaAgYOsS Cr i Aa ele y 1-46 Fenestra as Contrasted with Wood Sash S240000 SG0 G08 Gon ee AGGBSER ABT BCE BEn Bes a FER SE al fe aaa Sttnge S89 ee H ale BZ Pal | \ ae 710, OWHERE are the ad- vantages of FENESTRA more apparent than in build- ings where steel and wood sash installations appear side by side. The wide mullions, the heavy sash bars, and the general clumsy appearance of wood sash are especially noticeable when seen near the thin gracefulbarsof FENESTRA. This contrast is seen in the exterior views of the Best Foundry Company shown on this page, while the interior ASE Sa hi aan views indicate the difference Exterior and Interior Views, Best Foundry, Cleveland, Ohio in light and ventilation. Upper views show wood sash, lower views FENESTRA Plant of John & James Dobson, Philadelphia, Pa. J 1-47 Fenestra as Contrasted with Wood Sash Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit Jackson &§ Maurice, Contractors Notice the difference in the amount of window area secured in the plant of John & James - won Dobson, Philadelphia, as shown Chalmers Motor Company, Detroit, Mich. at the bottom of page 1-46. The r plant of the Chalmers Motor Company, the South Bend plant of the Studebaker Com- pany, and the factory of the Osborn Manufacturing Com- pany all give excellent compari- sons which demonstrate the superiority of FENESTRA. Perhaps the best possible com- parison between wood sash and FENESTRA windows is shown on pages 1-6 and 1-7 in the interior views of the Studebaker Cor- poration’s plant at South Bend. Lockwood, Green Co. Engineers, Boston and Chicago FOUNDRY SUPPLIES ana Mettler & Gloyd Co., Contrs. Cleveland Osborn Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, O. 1-48 Fenestra in Railroad Construction & CENTRAL TIRES. Smith ernest Cour aeioes: (Oneida N.Y. N. Y.C. & H.R. R.R Shope West Albany N. Y 29,000 square feet Fenestra windows. SiS SUR Roy E. Pingrey, Architect, Chicago . im ae * Gu Waele Con Contioienn Chil zee Chicago & Northwestern Ry. Co. Shops, Chicago, III. Fenestra sash successfully withstand the severe conditions of vibration and rough usage existing in all railroad buildings. We have installed FENESTRA in hundreds of railroad shops, power houses and round houses. The pictures on this page show a few typical installations. Other railroad buildings are shown in the section devoted exclusively to FENESTRA installations. er Interior Shops of Northern Pacific R.R., Fenestrated Shops of Seaboard Airline R.R., Brainerd, Minn. Savannah, Ga. 1-49 Fenestra for Coal Breakers : 148-1" : Ey +f45-1 aS WS VSS ry Tt tg FAT IN? AP PET LT rs 4 || 4 LU ne Ns SERUMEND Soe ine oraniil Sa ade Bees Vitel a 4 +94 -0 Es fa a) 5 ae Se BE 2 ET raT | (aste See PCO ; (75-3 = [ aT aa race CANCER eo Tere BAGS PORES AGSWi82 79027 00R Lal iPovas Pela a Hane i : i ok ik a Hi H i CCT Wee La ay | 48 as j 3 | ane : Ly : LAGE ERESE Lr ts Le : Lie : ee rel |b 23 ss a eo / c SOG00 8080 | . a aeae CTE re bet Core rt ce cane Prete | BAdNeGl BES2ak ENSes Leer een arcatl eee The larger picture is taken from an architect’s drawing and shows The Delaware & Lackawanna Coal Breaker, a structure of glass and steel on a concrete base, designed by Engineer Bradford Sampson. The small photograph shows the Fenestrated coal breaker of the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., designed by Engineer Paul Sterling, The question of Fenestra for railroad structures is discussed more extensively in our booklet, ‘‘Daylight and Ventilation for Round Houses, Train Sheds, Power Stations, Machine Shops Freight Stations and Car Barns.” All coal breakers are subject to constant vibration, high wind pressures and exceptionally rough usage. Fenestra sash will withstand these conditions. Special designs for this type furnished on application. 1-50 Fire’s Test of Fenestra Schenck F Williams, Architects, Dayton, O. Beaver Power Building No. 1, Dayton, Ohio, Before the Disaster Ss The upper picture shows the Beaver Power Building No. 1, Dayton, Ohio, as it looked before the fire and flood of 1913. The lower picture shows the same building after the fire, with the smoulder- ing ruins of other buildings around it. The Beaver Power Building checked the spread of the fire and saved 300 people who sought safety within its fireproof walls. FENESTRA helped save Dayton 1-51 Worm and Gear Operator all parts are designed especially for the one use, reduces to a minimum the field or erection expense; thus often saving more than the original cost of the operator. The accompanying cut shows the main features of the operator, and the simplicity with which it may be installed. Both the vertical and horizontal pipe are of one size, being 1,-inch outside diameter. All attachments are made with bolts and no rivetting or drilling is necessary. The power is cast, accurately fitted, and an in and out adjustment is provided that takes up any ordinary irregularities that may be encountered in the wall surfaces. In using this device, it is not intended that any ventilator be distant over 20 feet from the power. If the power is at one end of the run, the horizontal pipe should not exceed 20 feet in length, while with the power in the center of the run, the horizontal pipe may extend 20 feet each side or a total of 40 feet. The cut shows only one horizontal run attached to the vertical power pipe: but it is evident that two or more horizontal runs can be attached to this same vertical pipe; thus operating two or more tiers of ventilators in unison. The cost of the power is so little and the advantages of being able to open separate bays where and when wanted is so great, that we recommend individual operators for each bay. In furnishing this operator, we include all necessary Fenestra ME ae one te ee ee EEN bolts and fittings and supply a complete erection dia- gram showing necessary dimensions, numbers and location in the building. This operator is furnished only under special con- AN inspection of the different types of worm and tract in connection with FENEsTRA Sash. gear operator as manufactured by the numerous concerns making such devices, will disclose the fact that they are all designed for attachment to wooden sash. Such devices are necessarily built to with- stand the special conditions of wood sash construction. No attempt is made to grade the operators, and the customer with a small sash, and consequently an easy operating problem, is called upon to make as great an outlay as the one purchasing an operator for the largest type of sash. In addition to this burden, it is necessary when operating steel sash to attach to steel a device primarily intended for attachment to wood. This latter operation, namely, thesection of the opera- tor, seldom costs less and often costs several times as much as the device itself. In view of the above facts, we are adding one more item to the FENESTRA line and are offering an operator designed and furnished only for the operation of FENESTRA standard pivoted ventilators. Since the FENESTRA Worm and Gear Operator is designed and sold for one purpose only, we are enabled to standardize all parts, reduce the same to a mini- mum weight and provide all holes necessary for attach- ment to the FENESTRA unit. The last item, viz.: the provision of all necessary I A run of Horizontally-Pivoted Ventilators opened 90° holes in the steel units, together with the fact that by means of the Fenestra Worm and Gear,Operator 1 - 52 Standard Fenestra Fittings No. Name 1—Shot Bolt Keeper. 2—Shot Bolt Keeper. 3—Bolt for Fenestra Doors. 4—Shot Bolt Keeper 5—Bolt for Fenestra Doors. 6—Stay Roller for Sliding Doors. 7—Roller Hanger for Sliding Doors. Part No. 519. 8—Track for Sliding Doors. 9—Gusset Plate for Doors. Part No. 507. 10—Extra Heavy Steel Butt for Doors. 11—Heavy Steel Butt for Doors. 12—Small Butt for Side Hung Vents. 13-14—Fixed Side Arms for Bottom Hung Sash to open in. Coming in 3 lengths. 15—Shoulder Rivet for Side Arms. Part No. 462. 16—Std. U. Bolt. Part 323. 17—No. 92, Sec. Hook Bolt. Part 20-A. 18—Clip for T&L.Sash. Part No. 398. 19-20—Lock for Sliding Doors. 21—Sliding Door Handle. 22—Chain Hook. Part No. 106-A. 23—Clip for T. Bar Mullions. Part No. 489. 24—Angle Lug. Part No. 396. 25—Z Lug. Part No. 505. 26—No. 94 Section Hook Bolt. Part 90A. 27—Retaining Clips for Fixed Panel. Part No. 444. 28—Mullion Bolt. 29—Mullion Nut. 30—Large Retaining Clips for Fixed T. & L. Part No. 488. 31—Bolt for T. & L. Hinge. 382—Angle Clip. Part No. 435. 33—Side Hung Vent Latch, L. H. Part No. 65 34—Side Hung Vent Latch, R. H. Part No. 66. 35—Briggs Butt Upper Part. Part No. 103-A. 36—Briggs Butt Lower Part. Part No. 103-B. 37—Butt with Operating Arm. Part No. 483, Right and Left 388—Bronze Hinge. Part No. 63. 39—Fenestra Hinge for Opr.. Device. Part No. 410. 40—Connecting Bar. 41—Angle Clip. Part 499. 42—Roller Bracket for Sliding Doors. Part No. 366. 43—Roller Bracket for Sliding Doors. Part No. 354 R. & L. 44—-Side Hung Latch Keeper. 465. 45—Cam Bracket 1914 Type. 495. Part No. Part No. 46—Fenestra Cam Handle New Type. Part No. 467. 47—Hinge Pin for Briggs Butt. Part No. 103-C 48—Splicing Angle Top Bar T. & L. Monitor. Part No. 485. Standard Fenestra Fittings 49—Standard Door Handle. Part No. 466. 50—1915 Spring Catch. Part No. 496. 51—Connecting Bar Bracket. 58 52—Guide Brackets for Sliding Sash. Part No. 367, Right and Left. 53—Standard Door Lock. } 54—Lock Plate. aN (ohae Lr 55—L. H. Bracket for Circular Stay. Part No. 400. 56—R. H. Bracket for Circular Stay. Part No. 401. 57—Pulley Wheel for Roller Bracket. 58—Basement Spring Catch. 59—Spring Catch Keeper. 60—Circular Stay. Part No. 380. 61—Pulley Bracket. Part No 475. 62—Cam Bracket. RarteeNo: 63—Glazing Strip any length. 64—Double Glazing Clip. 65—Glazing Angle for T. & L. Part No. 484. 66—Wire Glazed Clip. 67—1915 Hinge for Monitor Sash. Part No. 477. 68—Circular Stay Bent Special all Stand- ard Lengths. 69—22-inch Stay. 70—24-inch Stay. | These stays also made 71—28-inch Stay. { in 18’’and 20’ lengths. 72— 32-inch Stay. 73—Splicing Plate for Bottom Bar of T. & L. Monitor. Part No. 487. 74—Bronze Pin for Vertically Pivoted Sash. Part No. 346. Some Prominent Users of Fenestra 1 - 53 Users of Fenestra Note the number of reorders from nationally known concerns Aluminum Company of America Americans lower C Onprieranie inna cs eines American Caro Poundry Co... 2..2.. .65.. 290-6 AmencaniGany Gompany wren aise Wien es cto etre American: Colorty pe: Co.y each pe cacio eye ener Americans ionk Gspkt0e) CO. ag are en ones AmerncansyOakibeatheriCou es cane Ae one boc American Optical Co......... American Plate Glass Co...... American Radiator Co...... American Saw Mill Machinery Co American Sheet & Tin Plate Co American Sterilizer Co........ Anheuser Busch Co....... Bo G55 O Rye COMEENS 6 iter toe Paste train senate ae gears BaltimorememdeenCo:uts cord aim sherc ste ne encarta sine eteeee Bathe lrong works tents. desecho Patan cee Atl Pets Sern ISCAV ELE eh Peat ietcon eit chee eee em ckstey Sue nee Bethlehem'Steel’Conn. aesas as ee eee Boston Elevated Railway Co... Back MotoriConre ae Bush Terminal Co...... C. & N W. Shops Carnegie Steel Co Case Threshing Machine Co Chalmers Motor Co.......... Chicago Railways Co....... Coco-Cola Bottling Works Commonwealth Piers... Cudahy Packing Co... . Dayton Biscuit Co...... Seber ata Poaern, eect cee Deere Cortina eee es ee ee is en ee DelLavaliSeparatom(Com ns ions gates ee oo de ee Detroit Copper & Brass Rolling Mills............. IDetroitsStovel Works ie vi cachet coi keene nik eae oe Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Co.. DodgesBrothersssny ee 6 ae Dodge Manufacturing Co. . Doubleday, Page & Co... E Edison Illuminating Co. F EloridagPublishingsCowims en en eee rine eae Ford Motori Coen sn oy he fas eet G Gemmer Mfg. Co. : General Electric Co...... . Massena Springs, N. Y. Maysville, Tenn. Pittsburgh, Pa. Detroit, Mich. St. Charles, Mo. Toledo, Ohio Newark, N. J. Jackson, Mich. Geneva, Ohio Ashtabula, Ohio. New Decatur, Ala. Southbridge, Mass. James City, Pa. Kane, Pa. Birmingham, Ala. Buffalo, N. Y. Kansas City, Mo. Bayonne, N. J Titusville, Pa. . Hackettstown, N. Y. Gary, Ind. Erie, Pa. St. Louis, Mo. Chicago, IIl. Green Springs, W. Va. Baltimore, Md. Bath, Me. Dayton, Ohio So. Bethlehem, Pa. Boston, Mass. Flint, Mich. New York City, N. Y. .Chicago, Il. Boone, Iowa. Lake Shore Jct., Fulton, Ill. Butler, Wisc. New York City, N. Y Baltimore, Md. Pittsburgh, Pa. Bessemer, Pa. Duquesne, Pa. Bellaire, Ohio Racine, Wisc. . Detroit, Mich. Chicago, Ill. Jackson, Tenn. Boston, Mass. Calumet, Ind. Dayton, Ohio Moline, Ill. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Detroit, Mich. Detroit, Mich. .Hoboken, N. J. Nanticoke, Pa. Detroit, Mich. Mishawaka, Ind. Garden City, N. J. . Detroit, Mich. Delray, Mich. Rochester, Mich. Royal Oak, Mich. Sandwich, Ont. Jacksonville, Fla. Detroit, Mich. Montreal, Can. Philadelphia, Pa. Detroit, Mich. Pittsfield, Mass. Cleveland, Ohio West Lynn, Mass. Erie, Pa. Norwood, Ohio Waverly, N. Y. Wisc. H Heinz: Con (Mp 2) ee rrse ats eerie enh Sse Heiseyavolfs Machine Const arte fees Hudsony Motor! CariCo at eo ie seein Hupp Motor Cari Concer ernie eee a I Tllinots: SteeliGo-n 22165 ee sr ay el es es at aes 4 cen IndianavPacking: Contra caarer eee corer ees nce ee IndranavRetining Comm cunt ie cin nner eas IndustrialBulldinger ne oe ene eee Interborough Rapid Dransit Co-~ >": >3..-..-...- Johns-Manville Co. (H. W.) Johnston Harvester Co... Keystone Driller Co. LaCrosse’ Plow, Co.) 2.55 65-5 2 ah Barkin on narinccat yr sess yrie ot Lawrence Keegan Woolen Mills.......... Lehigh Valley Coal Co.......... § Wocomobile! Cong aera is te re a eda, ee Los Angeles Gas & Electric Co... Louisville Railway Co... ..5:...5.-.- apreee Eoziers Motom CatiConencear niin ae ate era ee ere EynchburgshoundryC om aeons er i ee cise nee McElwaini Cos Wikia enacted acne MeCGouRoRS Depoten .07- cmne Memphis Street ey Cor sa Mengel Box Co. ge a Michigan Cash Register Co., Michigan Central Railway. . Minnesota Steel Co........... Mississippi Glass Co......... Morgan & Wright Rubber Co. National Board Fire Underwriters..... NationaliWeadsWorskeen a ne ee National TuabeiCos si. fcc oes oe cas ee INelsoneVialvierCoriy-e we ncn a etetietscans Gree New York Central & Hudson River Railway....... News vorksRadiatoriComemen te enon one : O Os&siWaurallway i Shopsienc sce. coerce eee OhropSteeliCompany er eee ee OldsiMotoraw orks te se itey. mis cea ee OmahalstructuraliStecliCo;me oe le \2) Packard MotorniGar Cons) ses eas eee Parker-BlakeiCona wee ere ay cme Pennsylvaniavkallroad Sasa ere ee tears Pennsylvania rubber Comoe ere oye ene PittsbusghyCrucibletsteeliCom waa oon ee Portland Gas, Electric Light & Power Co.......... Postex Cotton Mills Pittsburgh, Pa. Cincinnati, Ohio Detroit, Mich. Detroit, Mich. Milwaukee, Wisc. Chicago, Ill. Joliet, Ill. Evansville, Ind. Lawrence, II. Cincinnati, Ohio .Baltimore, Md. New York City, N. Y. Manville, N. J. Batavia, N. Y. . Beaver Falls, Pa. LaCrosse, Wis. _ Buffalo, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. Webster, Mass. . Wilkes Barre, Pa. Pittson Junction, Pa Lost Creek, Pa. Centralia, Pa. Vulcan, Pa. San Francisco, Cal. Los Angeles, Cal. Louisville, Ky. Detroit, Mich. Anniston, Ala. Manchester, N. H. Detroit, Mich. Memphis, Tenn. Louisville, Ky. Winston-Salem, N. C Hickman, Kans. . Detroit, Mich. St. Thomas, Ont. Detroit, Mich. Bay City, Wisc. West Detroit, Mich. Duluth, Minn. St. Louis, Mo. . Detroit, Mich. Chicago, III. .. Brooklyn, N. Y. .Pittsburgh, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa. West Albany, N. Y . Utica, N. Y. .Brainerd, Minn. Spokane, Wash. Lewiston, Idaho Argo, Wash. Youngstown, Ohio Lansing, Mich. Omaha, Nebr. Detroit, Mich. New Orleans, La. Frankfort, Pa. Jeannette, Pa. Midland, Pa. Portland, Ore. Post City, Texas McKees Rocks, Pa. Indianapolis, Ind. Ivorydale, Ohio Cincinnati, Ohio Port Ivory, Staten Is- land, N. Y. 1-54 Details\Required With Order fences Some Prominent Users of F enestra—Continued R U seGaaedstaes fe Copper Conan cave san. oaNa ae a Rome, N. Y. Union Pacific Railway.......................... North Platte, Nebr Cheyenne, Wyo. S) Evanston, Wyo. pallitany CaniCompany.ae en ern ie Fairport, N. Y. United States Government: Dake raie 39 aoe noe OC OTe as inlahitanst Mri ee Fea Dallas, Texas BenieciatArsenalemy caer wen et ee ee ee Army Point, Cal. SIV AYP LOCERS COD re steerer « ..., Solvay, N. Y. BostontNavy Yardireatnr ie se hoe ene ae Boston, Mass. Detroit, Mich. muget Sounds Navy varc amy eee nen ae Bremerton, Wash. y Se eenEe N.Y. CentralbPower:blan thee nt ere ey a eeear in Newport, R. I. Southern Bell Telephone Co 5 Miah Leen Ee. Atlanta, Ga. eis a a ON) pola ie the eta cori): Sie einen! ee ene Ryn Cag ante tan ede se calc 0 Houston, Texas Navy Department.Yards.) 5) se ee Portsmouth, Va. ENCE VOM Ce, caine bam crap une: Ponte lone Fe Richmond, Cal. Receiving Barracks and Latrine................ St. Helena, Va. Cleveland, Ohio Shell House and Magazine Building........ |. Norfolk, Va. SB We Lt Weather Bureau, Department Agriculture.......Sand Key, Fla. New York City, N.Y. Universal Portland Cement Co.................., Chicago, Ill. Whitney, Ind. Canton, Ohio Stewartids ClarkeMign Compe an enna ee Chicago, Ill. V Studebaker Corporation ery signi nnn nnn Detroit, Mich. Studebaker Manufacturing Co................... South Bend, Ind. VacnumniOiliGosie ar ects een Crna eee Rochester, N. Y. Olean, N. Y. 4 Texas & New Orleans Railway Co................ Houston, Texas W MennesseeCoalktsslronu© oj ieee Edgewater, Ala. Ensley, Ala. WielchiGrapes|uicesi@on es er ene en Westfield, N. Y. TDhomson=Crooker Shoe Col,,..506 4) oe eee Roxbury, Mass. White AuitorComs nn kn i 1 ae ea Memphis, Tenn. Limken: DetroityAxle Cone nn oe ene eee Detroit, Mich. Wisconsin Bridge & Iron Works.................. Milwaukee, Wis. RoledosactoriesiCompany a4 ee en ee Toledo, Ohio Wallys-Overlandi Company. semen ean nna Toledo, Ohio Details Required With Orders In order to avoid delays, and insure prompt shipment, the fol- lowing information should accompany each order for FENESTRA: I. Accurate dimensions of all openings. These should correspond exactly with types of sash called for. 2. Send sketch and give full description of peculiar combinations of sash, door openings, etc., showing arrangement desired. 3. Position and type of ventilators. If vents come off center, state which side of center same are to be placed. If vents are side hung, state side same are to be hung on (right or left) and which way they are to swing (in or out). This also applies to doors. If vents are bottom hung, state whether they should swing in or out. Distinguish between hinged at bot- tom and top, and pivoted four inches from bottom and top. 4. If sash with camber or circular heads are called for, state jamb height, overall height and radius. 5. When 94 Section is required, state on what items, and where same is to be placed. 6. Type of operator for each ventilator. Standard types are: Cam Latch and Stay, where ventilators can be reached from the floor; Cam Latch or Spring Catch and Chain, where ventilators cannot be reached from the floor; and Operator Brackets for Mechanical Operator. 7. When Mechanical Operator is used, specify the name of the manufacturer supplying same. 8. For chain operated vent, give distance from floor to sill. 9. Type of mullion required. 10. Furnish sketch showing connection at lintel sill and jambs for each opening called for, and fittings required for same. 11. Standard mullions are cut two inches long at sill and flush at head, and will be so furnished unless otherwise specified. 12. Give full name and address of party to whom material is to be charged. 13. Give full shipping directions, name of con- signee, railroad routing, at which station delivery should be made, date shipment is required, etc. 14. Whenever possible, order should be accom- panied by full set of plans and specifications. 15. When monitor sash is called for, or mechanical operating device, full set of steel details are abso- lutely necessary, as well as architect’s plans and specifications. 16. Give name of owner, or name of building for which sash is required. 17. Give name of architect or engineer. )) )) 1-55 Important Points to Know fenesile Important Points to Know 1. Several styles of mullions are carried in stock to take care of different types and sizes of openings. Great care should be exercised in choosing the correct size and type of mullion to satisfactorily fill the specified requirements, for the success or failure of the opening depends almost entirely upon the mullion construction. 2. Tee Bar Mullions, sections 109, 110 and 310 as shown on pages 1-14, 1-39, should be used wherever possible, inasmuch as they allow a certain amount of variation which is necessary in most types of building construction. 3. No. 101 section (3-inch x 35-inch) and 108 section (4-inch by 44 inch) mullions can satisfactorily be used where the varia- tion of the opening is slight. These mullions are cut flush at head and 2 inches long at sill in order to enter into the masonry at the sill. They are punched with slotted holes to take care of vertical variation. Other types of mullions are cut to meet con- ditions specified. 4. The above types of mullions can be used horizontally, as well as vertically. For extremely large openings we recommend that a horizontal channel or a ‘‘Z’’ bar be used. 5. Horizontal mullions run continuous from jamb to jamb and are extended into the masonry about 6 inches at each end unless the width of the opening is greater than the height. In which case the vertical mullions are made continuous. 6. We recommend No. 109 section T bar mullion for open- ings that do not exceed a height of 9 feet. For openings between 9 feet and 12 feet 6 inches, specify section No. 309 which is of the same dimensions as No. 109 section mullion but of heavier con- struction. 7. Any T bar mullion can be placed in the opening with leg extending either inside or outside. We recommend, however, that mullions be installed so that leg extends toward the outside of the building as 30% added strength can be secured by this type of installation. 8. 4 inch by 114 inch bolts with counter-sunk head and nuts, termed mullion bolts and nuts, are used with 3 inch by ze inch and 4 inch by 4 inch mullions. 9. Angle lugs for brick construction are used only when 92 section is jamb member of sash. They are located at the center of each vertical pane except the top and bottom pane where they come 4 inches from the edge of the sash. Lugs are shipped loose with 4 inch x 34 inch stove bolts and nuts for attaching same to sash. 10. ‘‘Z”’ lugs for concrete construction are attached the same as the above and are also shipped loose with necessary bolts for attaching same to sash. 11. For steel construction we recommend, wherever possible, the use of 101 flat clip or hook bolt with 94 section. See pages 1-35 and 1-36.) 12. When ventilator extends to outside jambs or head of sash hook, bolts can not be used. 13. In all cases 34 inch clearance must be left at jamb and head of sash to permit the proper installation of sash. (See pages 1-27, 1-36 and 1-37.) 14. Do not count on matching holes for fixing bolts in sash with field holes in steel work. The variation in structural steel in building in general will always throw these holes out of line. 15. Do not count on tapping structural steel on the job for fixing bolts. This operation is very expensive. 16. Never figure to fit a sash into an opening surrounded with steel without leaving plenty of clearance around sash. 17. For continuous top hung T. and L. sash and for venti- lated monitor sash, a mechanical operator of approved design should be used. We will supply details and estimate upon request covering mechanical operator to fill any specified condition. 18. For ventilated sidewall sash where mechanical operator is required, we recommend Detroit Steel Products Company’s Worm and Gear Operator. Prices and details will be given upon request. 19. Mechanical operator supports must be spaced not less than 6 feet on centers. 20. We recommend in all cases that top hung T. and L. sash be limited to not over 4 feet in height. The maximum amount of ventilation can be secured with a 3 foot high sash. (See page 2-9.) 21. Two pane high ventilators are recommended in all cases as they give the maximum amount of ventilation. 22. Ventilated FENEsTRA sash should be installed so that bottom of ventilator swings out and top swings in. 23. All hardware for sash and ventilators is shipped sepa- rately and must be attached in field by the contractor who erects the sash. 24. Any kind of glass can be used in Fenestra sash. Always specify kind of glass required. 25. Glazing clips and putty are used for securing glass in sash. Glass is always back puttied. 26. Do not have putty shipped too far in advance of glazing. When putty is allowed to stand around on job it is liable to become hard. 27. When requesting glass sizes where more than one kind of glass is used, specify location of each kind. 28. Any change in sash after order has been entered or shipped will necessarily change glass sizes. 29. 4 inch ribbed or 14 inch wire ribbed glass is recom- mended for use in T. and L. Monitor sash. 30. Single strength sheet glass should never be used in sash where glass lights exceed 10 inches x 16 inches in size. 31. Sash are glazed from the inside of the building unless otherwise specified. _ 32. Glass coming to edge of ventilator must be trimmed 1 inch at top and sides and % inch at sill. 33. We do not recommend operating two ventilators in one unit of sash, using connecting bar and chain. Where connecting bar is required Stay operator should be used on lower ventilator. 34. If difficulty is encountered in erecting sash, consult the Detroit Steel Products Company before making any changes. 35. When doors and frames are furnished by the Detroit Steel Products Company they are shipped separately and must be assembled in the field. 36. All door hardware is shipped separately and must be attached in field by the contractor erecting the doors. 37. When calling for sash containing two ventilators, give location of each ventilator. 38. Always specify type of operator required for ventilators. 39. When chain operator is required give distance from floor to bottom of ventilator. 40. Standard sash can often times be utilizied in openings not designed to take material of standard dimensions by intro- ducing expandable or T bar mullions. (See page 1-29.) 41. Ventilators are attached to sash by means of an external adjustable butt. By loosing the nut on the butt the ventilator can be easily adjusted to operate properly. 42. Erection diagrams are furnished when requested, but manufacture of sash is not held for approval of drawings unless advised. 43. Door frames furnished by the Detroit Steel Products Company are drilled and tapped for hinges. Door frames fur- nished by others must be drilled and tapped in field to insure the proper installation of door. 44. Always specify standard sash wherever possible. 1-56 Maximum Light Always in all Ways Fenestra Casement for offices, Detroit Casement with Double department stores and semi- Swinging Leaves for offices, apart- public buildings ments and public buildings Vertically Pivoted Fenestra Unit, desirable where The universal adaptability of solid steel windows, doors and eee Ohad ere maximum venti- partitions to all building conditions is demonstrated by a glance in buildings where screening lation is needed at these photographs showing a few types among the many is necessary in the FENESTRA line. See how the most diverse needs are answered with minute specific care by the installation of For Maximum Light and Air Light is practically doubled; scientific ventilation assured; man power greatly multiplied; these are among FENESTRA advantages. These solid steel windows bring maintenance cost to the vanishing point. They are fireproof, they resist the wind and wear indefinitely and reduce insurance and lighting bills. And yet FENESTRA when ordered in standard sizes costs no more than wood sash. Detroit Steel Products Co. Standard Fenestra Horizontally Stancare Penestrs Ee econts Pivoted Unit, used in all types hung nit, operate y : e of mills and factories chain and spring catch 2250 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich. Special Literature on this Type Sent on Request Fenestra Steel Channel Doors for both Fenestra Steel Partitions for use in factories, Fenestra Continuous Top- exterior and interior apertures. They let warehouses, loft buildings, etc. Inter- hung Monitor Sash for saw- in the light and are absolutely fireproof changeable and absolutely fire resisting tooth roof construction Section 5 March, 1916 FENESTRA POWER HOUSE SASH GPL LRALPLBPAAMLER? SSAA Fenestra Semi-circular Head and Side Wall Sash in the Chic Northwestern Power House at Chicago, III. S og (o) DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS CO. 2250 EAST GRAND BOULEVARD DETROIT MICHIGAN 5-2 pores House SILL | Fenestra Power House Sash | ENESTRA steel sash of the Power House Type are designed to give a maximum amount of ventilation and are built primarily to give the extra strength and rigidity necessary for Power House construction, at the same time keeping the general appearance of a window which will harmonize with the massive architectural ap- pearance of a well-designed power house. These sash are made for openings of practically any dimension and are designed for square-head, semi- circular or camber-head sash to conform to the architectural fea- tures. Careful attention is paid to the proper division of the hori- zontal and vertical lines to insure a strong, substantial window of pleasing appearance. The mullions and frames are made of heavy structural steel mem- bers designed to receive the sash, making as rigid and as strong a construction as possible. The hori- zontal mullions are made of heavy structural steel T bars with plates attached for making sash connec- tions. Vertical mullions are of structural steel Ts or channels, and plates, varying in strength with the size of the opening. For details see plate page 5-6, also see mullion construction details, page 5-6. All sash in the power house open- ings are of the ventilated type ex- cept those in the semi-circular or camber sections. The ventilators are operated by our special FENEs- TRA worm and gear device which controls the vents in batteries as may bedesired. Ventilated sections are all double weathered and are hung securely to the sash by our pressed steel adjustable butt. The construction used in the special FENESTRA Power House sash is far superior toany form of pressed steel framing which is subject to distortion in erection and to weak- ening caused by the constant jar of the building by heavy machinery. Where strength and rigidity are re- quired and where general archi- tectural appearance is needed, specify the FENESTRA Power House type of construction. Typical Fenestra Power House Window The photographs on this page show some typical Fenestrated powerhouses. No. 1 is a Fenestra window as installed in the Fairview Pumping Station, Fairview, Mich. The plant itself is shown as No. 2 and No. 3 gives an interior view. No. 4 is the power house of the Continental Motor Co., Detroit. No. 5, the Lozier Motor Car Co. power house, Detroit. No. 6, the interior of the Continental power house; and No. 7, the power house at the H. W. Johns-Manville plant, Manville, N. J. Note particularly the artistic construction possible with Fenestra power house sash. 5-3 Power House Sash 5-4 Power House Sash Power House of the Boston Elevated R.R. Co., Boston, Mass. F cor Geo. W. Carmichael Co., Stone &F Webster Engineers, Boston ii. on age nl : Hel ie Er E HE AGE Connectors, Meron OVE Power House of the Northern Ohio Traction & Power Co., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio Interior of the Boston Elevated Railroad Power House Designed by the Lompany’s Lngineer Hucke § Sexton Contracting &¥ Building Co. Kansas City Electric Sub-Station, Kansas City, Mo. 5-5 fae La Power SOLE SASH DIM as ee \ ) 70.0 ae. PN ANA RAN SS SS SARS TSS A v4 is cin Va my a] ea ‘Sa \ \ Zz (@} h a Zz a) = Q G on < n 6 SASH DIMENSION. —_— el SASH. DIMENSION. eS 5 i WIDTH OF OPENING | A 1" x 4" BAR 12" LONG | , SPACED 18" ON CENTERS BEND IN FIELD VERTICAL SECTION-DD. 4" STOVE BOLTS ABOUT 18” ON CENTERS SASH DIMENSION. y) | . | DETAILS OF REST | ns ss FENESTRA STEEL SASH A ee ae POWER HOUSE eee Y mm 6 EN AC i ADP Oe DETROIT CARGILL-PENINSULAR CO., 2m -16 ) “STRUCTURAL STEEL] “NOT FURNISHED BY APPROXIMATELY 12! | VARIABLE 19€ KIALVWIXOUddV e) As Z Ss fQ 5 O A Ee (a4 a & 27 on) Oy Gs Y. Ba 0) eal Pai fy APPROX. 2'-0" - FF SECTION- DD . SECTION ATAVIAVA NOISNAWIG " 2'-0 _AG GSHSINYNA LON SASH DIMEN. APPROX. NOT FURNISHED BY . D.S. P. CO ANGLE BB =CC HOLES 18 ON CENTERS EEL lo J] SECTION- AA SECTION - EE SECTION x 2 SECTION CONTINUOUS CHANNEL HOLES SPACED ON CENTERS ’ CONTINUOUS CHANNEL 2 " HOLES SPACED 10" ON CENTERS DISeP. CO: 70 5 n 7 8 mr 16 ISTRUCTURAL ST NOT FURNISHED BY x is 10" 3a 8 + 72" x 2" ANGLE Power House 5-6 Section 6 September, 1915 FENESTRA FOR TEXTILE ¢ i oo Nl : oe : Fenestrated Knitting Mill of the Gantner-Mattern Co., San Francisco DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS CO. 2e 22 Ome ArS alee G RivA -N7-Ds7 Br O-U LOE. VA R D DETROIT MICHIGAN ——_—— 6-2 Fenestra for Textile Mills Lockwoed Greene & Co., Engineers, Boston and Chicago T.C. Thompson & Bros., Contractors Fenestra Top-Hung Monitor Sash in use on one of the Dan River Cotton Mills’ Buildings Fenestra for Cotton and Textile Mills r ; ‘HE accompanying illustrations show two of the largest cotton mills in the United States, both of which are equipped with FENEsTRA Solid Steel Windows After thoroughly investigating the merits of our form of construction as against the older type of wooden windows, Cotton and Textile Mill engineers have recommended the use of FENESTRA for the following reasons: There is no warping or shrinking, rotting or deter- iorating of FENESTRA Solid Steel Sash. In cotton mills, especially in the weave rooms, where high humidity is maintained, during the cold weather, Lochwood Greene 8 Co., Engineers, Boston and Chicago T.C Thompson & Bros., Contractors Exterior View General Mill Building, condensation forms on the glass and the windows become moist and ‘‘steamy.’’ This results in the warping and distorting of the wooden sash to such an extent that it is impossible to operate them to secure any ventilation. This constant condensation means that wooden sash are warped continually resulting in complete rotting and an early replacement. Owing to the positive double contact, which makes our windows weather-tight, there is practically no chance for the leaking of air, which would change the temperature below the dew-point, causing moisture to form on the machinery and on the cotton in the process Dan River Cotton Mills, Danville, Va. 85000 square feet of FENESTRA were used by this concern. Exterior of Postex Cotton Mills, Post. Texas of manufacture. This protection against moisture is a highly desirable feature in cotton mill construction where an even temperature must be maintained. Considering the initial investment, the permanency, general appearance, and desirability of substituting steel sash for wood, cotton mill and textile mill owners have realized its decided advantages, and are insisting upon its use in all modern plants. The added daylight, the ease with which the ventilation is con- trolled and the permanency of the construction itself Texas Unit Construction Co., Engineers, St. Louis are features which have recommended themselves to all mill owners and operators. Where windows made from solid rolled steel bars are used, warpage, leakage, shrinking, inflammability and decay are all eliminated. Perfect ventilation is se- cured without undue disturbance of atmospheric conditions. Fireproofness, permanence, ease of opera- tion, and increased daylighting make FENESTRA Solid Steel Sash a logical window material for tex- tile and cotton mill lighting. Interior Main Mill Building, Postex Cotton Mills, Post, Texas One of the first modern, up-to-date, re-inforced concrete, Fenestrated cotton mills in the United States 6-3 Fenestra for Textile Mills 6-4 Fenestra for Textile Mills enestl T. H. Johnson & Son Co., » . Contractors, Sedalia, Mo. Interior of the Lakin, McKey Overall Factory at Fort Scott, Kan. Imagine the breeze that sweeps across this work room through the ventilators that border it on three sides. Note, too, how light this stitching department is, even in the very center. This view of the Lakin, McKey Building shows the attractive exterior construction made possible by the use of FENESTRA in this type of building. The fire prevention feature is particularly desirable in factories of this character. This concern is particularly favorable to FenEstTRA because of the even heating it has made possible. 9-15—5M CARGILL-PENINSULAR CO., DETROIT Auditorium, Central High School, Minneapolis, show- ing pleasing effect secured by use of horizontally piv- oted Fenestra. W. B. Ittner, Architect, St. Louis, Mo. Pike & Cook, Contractors, Minneapolis, Minn. These Schools Are All Equipped With Fenestra Solid Steel Windows Binghamton High Schoolesee ote aoeteen Binghamton, N. Y. Montevideo High School.......-----+-:> Minneapolis, Minn. Hutchinson High School.......----++++: Buffalo, N. Y. Penn Training School........----+--+-+:: Morganza, Pa. Publicischoolese mcs ior ceteris sete Buffalo, N. Y. Moorefield School.......----+++++++:03 Moorfield, W. Va. Charleston High School....-..-------+:: Charleston, W Va. Muncie High School........---+++++-+5: Muncie, Ind. Case School of Applied Science......---- Cleveland, O. New Ulm High School........------+-:: New Ulm, Minn. Coleburn High School.....-.---++++--+: Coleburn, Va. Blessed Sacrament School.......--+:+-->- New York City Depew High School aie er eee Depew, N. Y. Classical High School.........-+--+-++++> New York City Cadillac Street School. ....-.---+----+:> Detroit, Mich. Polytechnic High Schools oe teeeies Oakland, Cal. Fairbank Schools. 4.440 porta re Detroit, Mich. Ottawa University Gymnasium.......--- Ottawa, Kans. Northeastern High School.......-..----- Detroit, Mich. Peoria High School.........--+-++-+007> Peoria, Il. Rich StreetschOOls ser cite ae rer ier Detroit, Mich. Frankford High School........-+------: Philadelphia, Pa. Sylvester School. ....-..+--++eests0-7* Detroit, Mich. Germantown High School.......-------- Philadelphia, Pa. Technical High School.......-----+---+: Duluth, Minn. , : Southern High School.......-.--+----+++:: Philadelphia, Pa. Elyria High SChoOOles Guise eter Elyria, O. en Jefferson District Colored School........-- Rosslyn, Va. Evelith High School.....-..---++++-++:+7> Evelith, Minn. Girls’ Industrial School.......-.+----+:> Salem, Oregon St. Peters School.....-.----2+++ssctt0? Fort Wayne, Ind. Technical High School.....--.-----+++:> Salt Lake City, Utah Grand Rapids High School........-----+- Grand Rapids, Mich. Lehigh University Laboratory......----- South Bethlehem, Pa. Hamilton High School.....-----+-++-->> Hamilton, Ohio South Bend High School.......---+-++:: South Bend, Ind. Locust Street High School eee ate Hazelton, Pa. Rankin Trade School......---.--+-+::+°> St. Louis, Mo. Highland Park High School.........----: Highland Park, Mich. Booker T. Washington High School....... Terre Haute, Ind. Howe High School........-++++++++20+> Howe, Ind. Maryland State Normal Schoolmemciaacit Towson, Md. Rand Hall, Cornell University.....------ Ithaca, N. Y. Craig High School........+--++5++0000" Uniontown, Pa. University High School nan ee eer: Madison, Wis. Urbana High School.........+-+----:::" Urbana, Ind. Central High School.........---++s+5++: Minneapolis, Minn. Westfield High School Westfield, N. J. Fenestra horizontally piv- oted solid steel windows in basement of Central High School, Minneapolis. HAT little country school- house that stood by the cross-roads was reckoned a “pretty good building’’ years ago. The farmers for miles around put their best efforts into its construc- tion. It had oak timbers and hewn shingles that time had seasoned into iron. And yet the little cross-roads schoolhouse would cut a sorry figure beside our modern halls of education because men have learned the science of better school build- ing. Most conspicuous among the characteristics which distinguish the modern school building from the pioneer structure are the win- dows. Three or four windows on either side of the building and a door at the end gave sufficient light and ventilation for all practical pur- poses, according to the belief of our forefathers, but the modern architect who designed a _ school with only eight windows would hardly be classed among the pro- gressive builders of the generation. Wide glass panes, broad bays of many openings now give light and ventilation that were before con- sidered unnecessary. In common with the movement for better factory conditions, light- er, airier work-rooms, has come a similar movement for better school buildings. Medical experiments have shown that adenoids, bronchial trouble and tuberculosis are frequently the No Fenestra in this little cross-roads school direct result of bad air in school rooms. Poor ventilation has been found to be the frequent cause of dullness; poor light is responsible for headaches and weak eyes; and then, periodically, there comes one of those awful calamities, a school building fire, with its attendant) horrors of panic, stampede and loss of life. Small wonder, therefore that the demand for better school building has been insistent, and that the progress along this line has been rapid. Nor is it surprising that out of this general crusade and largely because of it, there should be developed a building material, par- ticularly designed to answer the demand for schools that will pro- tect their inmates — pupils and teachers—from the dangers pre- viously encountered. Fenestra Solid Steel Windows have been developed step by step along the same route that school edvelopment itself has followed. Originating years ago in the demand for better working condi- tions in factories, Fenestra was immediately accepted by architects, engineers and contractors as a building adjunct that had long been needed for all types of utili- tarian construction. Fenestra gave to factory build- ings literal ‘“‘walls of daylight.”’ It secured for round-houses, steel mills, foundries and such buildings a ventilation and clarity of atmos- phere that were previously un- known. It provided perfect and absolute Frederick Klein, Architect, Peoria, Ill. V. Jobst & Sons, Contractors, Peoria, Ill. Peoria High School, Peoria, IIl., equipped with 18,117 square feet of Fenestra solid steel windows. me The photographs on this page show a few of the many school buildings which are now equipped with Fenestra Solid Steel Win- dows. No. 1 is the Technical High School, Salt Lake City; Nos. 2 and 4 show the exterior and interior of the Urbana High School, Urbana, Ind.; No. 3 shows the Mechanical Institute at Rochester, N. Y.; and No. 5 an interior of School 41, Indianapolis, Ind. “I am very much pleased to say that your windows give the best of satisfaction, both in amount of light and fresh air furnished,” writes L. M. Gillilen, of the Salt Lake Technical High School (No. 1 in the above group.) ‘They are particularly pleasing in the method by which fresh air is supplied to the rooms. I shall be pleased to heartily recommend these windows to any who are ina posi- tion to make use of them.” 4 protection against bad weather. Its steel bars and wire glass afforded effectual protection against fire. It reduced maintenance cost and artificial light bills. It increased output and de- creased illnesses, accidents and mistakes. It promoted efficiency —and with all this it gave to the building so equipped a beauty and distinction impossible to secure through the employment of wooden windows. The Refining of Fenestra Solid Steel Windows Then came many refinements that served to confirm the growing opinion that the field for Fenestra was as large as the field of building itself. A specially designed window was con- structed for asylums, jails and houses of detention; another type was found particu- larly adapted to powerhouses; Detroit and Fenestra casements took their places in the Fenestra long line for use in store buildings, apartments, schools, hotels and offices generally; interior partitions and doors became part of the Fenestra product. One day Major Wm. Tumbridge, wanted to use Fenestra in his new fire- proof eight story Brooklyn hotel. “But we do not recommend our product for that type of construction,’’ expostu- lated the Fenestra representative, ‘‘ours is a utilitarian sash.”’ “No difference,’ said the major, “I specified Fenestra and I want Fenestra; I’ll assume all the responsibility.” Naturally he got what he called for, and he is still delighted with his purchase. Builders were quick to adopt the refined models of the one-time factory sash for use in even the most artistic and ornate buildings. And so along with the more varied adaptability which gave to this steel sash an ever broadening field, came the modern demand for Fenestra in school buildings. Fenestra Gives Protection in Many Ways Fenestra school windows are popular chiefly because they protect pupils and teachers from the very things that have been found injurious to their health and development. For instance: Fenestra Arthur Peabody, Architect, Madison, Wis. Wisconsin Construction Co., Contractors, Chippewa Falls, Wis. windows flood a school room with clear daylight from 8:00 A. M. until school lets out. No puckering of brows to see dim figures on the blackboard; no eye strain. None of the gloominess and depression and consequent lack of interest that charac- terizes a poorly lighted school room. Fenestra provides the most perfect ventilation it is possible to give. No close, stuffy rooms full of bad air which promotes In the botanical laboratory, of the High School at South Bend, Ind., seedlings are grown in flower boxes under the Fenestra windows, a testimonial in itself to the weatherproof qualities of the sash. Wm. B. Ittner, Architect, St. Louis, Mo. H. G. Christman Co., Cont’rs,, South Bend, Ind. dullness and disease. On the contrary, Fenestrated schools have that distinct air of alertness which pervades bright sun- shiny and well ventilated work rooms. 5 Bel LER SCHhooLr BUILDING Both single and combined units of Fenestra are used in the University High School, Madison, Wis. The school disaster in which 400 chil- dren lost their lives will not soon be for- gotten by the people of Collingwood, Ohio and this calamity will stand forever as an eloquent argument for Fenestra Solid Steel school windows with their dur- able construction and absolute fire protec- tion. Fenestra windows in the Beaver Power Building in Dayton at the time of the flood and fire there, saved numberless lives and helped effectually to block the conflagration. Then there is the protection that Fen- estra gives against storms—you know how drafty some school rooms are—how the teachers have to move the children out of the seats near the windows in blizzardy weather because the sash leak air. No trouble of this kind with Fenestra Solid Steel school windows—they are as wind and weather proof as are walls of brick or stone. Ventilators close with a flat, con- tinuous, double contact which makes them proof against drifting snow or driving of rain. Why Not Have ‘Built-In”’ Health and Cheerfulness It is just as easy to build daylight and fresh air, weather and fire protection into a school as it is to build darkness, dreariness, illness and danger. A small change in the wording of the specifications means much to those who spend the better part of their daylight hours in the building. Why not get full value for the money you invest in windows, especially when improved Fenestra costs no more than unimproved wood sash. At the same price, why not have win- dows that are recognized as the best, both from the standpoint of beauty and utility? BETTER. SCHOOL BUILDING Detroit Casement Fenestra Casement Four Types of Fenestra School Windows The standard Fenestra unit with hori- zontally pivoted ventilator operated by a stay and cam latch has been used by some of the leading builders in designing fine school buildings all over the country. This Fenestra Vertically Sliding Unit window gives maximum light, perfect ven- tilation, weather and fire protection, and offers numerous points of mechanical superiority which are not found in any other window of this type. It is constructed of solid steel bars, running from head to sill and from jamb to jamb, interlocked by the Fenestra joint. It has removable, adjustable butts which permit the ventilators to be easily and quickly removed when desired. It is easily erected and glazed and is sufficiently flexible to take care of the little variations which always occur in building construc- tion. Fenestra Solid Steel Casements are made from the same standard Fenestra rolled solid steel bars that are used in the standard sash. This type possesses what some builders consider an architectural advantage in that it has large glass panes and a one-light ventilator. The maximum overall dimensions of this type of window are 5’ 64%" x 7’ 63%”. The Detroit Casement is expressly de- signed for office buildings, apartments, schools, libraries, hospitals and buildings of this character. It has large glass lights extending the full length of the windows, leaves swinging to almost any angle, and handsome iron or bronze fittings. Its durability and weathering qualities are guaranteed. From an architectural stand- point alone, Detroit Casements for schools are decidedly worth considering. Fenestra vertically sliding sash of the counter-balanced type is easily shaded, 6 Fenestra Horizontally Pivoted Unit washed and screened and is made to give 50 to 66% ventilation. While compara- tively new on the market it bids fair to be very popular, and will undoubtedly be used extensively in all types of school buildings. Details showing the application of any or all of these types to school building con- struction will be sent gladly on receipt of information as to the approximate size of the building, number of openings and prob- able window design to be used. Daylight is the Only Building Material That Has Not Advanced in Price The following paragraphs are taken from an article on school construction written for the Brickbuilder by Mr. Walter H. Kilham. “The windows should be grouped together as nearly as possible on the pupils’ left, so that the light may be massed, thereby furnishing a comparatively even distribution of light and minimizing areas of light and shadow. The windows should extend as near to the ceiling as the princi- ples of construction will admit, and should be without transoms or unnecessary frame work. “It is not a bad plan to use factory glass in the upper sash of windows on the south side of a building to soften the glare of sun- light and obviate the constant adjustment of window shades. Large sheets of glass are more easily washed, but unless plate glass is used they present a poor appear- ance, and in either case are costly to replace when broken. Boston forbids large sheets of glass, and architects in general seem to feel that better scale is given to the building by the smaller panes. The glass c™ RI Pg BEN hs Ss cee oe S : Gibbs & Woltz, Architects, Ithaca. : * VEL EACer Sh iiwey GLE Ce. Rand Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Contractors, Buffalo Interior, Rand Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Cornell University is delighted with Rand Hall becau se it is light and airy in summer and very easily heated in winter. A let- ter fromA. E. Wells, of the Engineering Department, says it is “the most comfortable building of the Sibley College group.”’ Jno. J. D , Architect . . : * Wilco Broce © este. Oakland Polytechnic High School, Oakland, California Contractors, San Francisco, Cal. q Eames & Young, Architects, James Stewart & Co., Contractors, St. Louis, Mo. area should always be figured exclusive of the muntins. “The sills should be kept as near the floor as possible in order to get good light on the first rows of desks. This height will be controlled to some extent by the direct radiators under the windows, and should be from 2 feet 6 inches to 2 feet 11 inches from floor to top of window stool. “Much attention should be paid to the arrangement of windows and piers so that no large piers or solid wall surfaces shall be placed so as to cast a shadow on the desks. If necessary to have such a pier, it should come in the part of the wall forward of the area occupied by the pupils. ““A good point to remember in planninga school is that in these days of high prices the only article whose cost has not in- creased is daylight. “When possible, mullions and heads should be beveled or splayed so as to increase as much as possible the amount of light entering the room.”’ The Initial and Ultimate Cost of Fenestra Most men think that Fenestra Solid Steel Windows cost more than Wood Sash. That is not necessarily true. Standard Fenestra Solid Steel Win- BETTER SCHOOL BUILDING J : Exterior View of the Rankin Trade School Supt. Lewis Gustafson says Fenestra is ‘“‘well adapted for use in shops and drafting rooms, in trade and manual training schools.”’ A. I. Lawrence, Supervising Architect, Burlington, Vt. dows can be purchased as cheap as wood sash and in some instances even cheaper. We will frankly admit that where windows are of varying sizes and heights with only one or two of the same type, the initial cost of Fenestra or any other steel window will probably be more than the initial cost of Wood Sash. On the other hand the economy effected by Fenestra in the cost of artificial light and in the cost of repairs, is worthy of serious considera- tion. We affirm very confidently that Fenestra is always cheaper than wood sash when ULTIMATE COSTS are con- sidered. Fenestra circular head sash makes a suitable window for this gymnasium at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Fenestra Service Helps Select Proper Types Just as a school building differs from a factory, so one type of school building dif- fers from another. The same principles of daylighting and ventilating which apply to the class room may not apply at all to a gymnasium. The selection and proper installation of windows best fitted for a given type of school building are problems that engineers and contractors frequently put up to the Fenestra Service Department. A line will secure the heartiest co-oper- ation without any obligation to you. DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY VAYIK PATENTED (Z 2250 East Grand Boulevard DETROIT, MICHIGAN 15M-4-15-Speaker September, 1915 Section 11 FENESTRA ERECTION AND GLAZING The proper method of stacking Fenestra Sash DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS CO. 2a) nse eA ol Ge REASN] D1 a BO Ul BVA RD DETROIT MICHIGAN 11-2 Fenestra Erection and Glazing fenesEZ Handling and Installing Fenestra EFORE shipping FENESTRA frames, every possi- ble precaution is taken to insure their being in perfect condition. We know that if the units are properly handled during transportation and erection, no difficulty will be experienced in installing them. Handling and Packing—A reasonable amount of care should be used in unloading and storing steel frames. In handling ornamental frames of this description it is not permissible to bang them around, and neither is it advisable to pile them flat on rough ground or other uneven surfaces. The sash should be Proper method of stacking to prevent bending or accidents stacked as shown in the accompanying photograph. If in handling or shipping some of the bars become bent by accident, it is perfectly feasible to hammer the bars so distorted, until they are again in line. Common Injuries Due to Poor Handling and Erecting— The following paragraph calls briefly to your attention some of the common injuries that steel sash receive at the hands of the average erector. The very nature of steel makes it possible to distort the unit to fit all classes of varying conditions that may be met in the average building, and the buyer rather than correct the fault in his jamb, sill or lintel construction some- times distorts the frame in such a way as to overcome the difficul- ties met with in his other construction. Perhaps the most com- mon error is the general practice of erecting frames out of plumb, and with a winding or warped surface. As manufacturers, we believe that in general the erection of steel window frames is frequently left to a class of labor that is incompetent and lacks the experience necessary to appreciate an average mechanical job. If the erector or buyer entrusts the erection of his: steel frames to a foreman and men that have never attempted such work before, and results obtained will be anything but satis- factory. In order that our guarantee of absolute satisfaction may hold good, we must insist upon the following rules being closely observed in the erection of the sash. First,—Straighten all bends due to shipping or handling. Second,—Erect sash plumb. Third,—Erect sash so that the whole unit forms one even plane, and does not make a curved surface. Fourth,—The lintel construction must be such that any building settlement or deflection of the lintel will not throw weight upon the top of the frame. (See sketch No. 9 for steel lintels.) In the following cuts and notes you will find in some detail the proper method to be used in erecting the frames in the openings. Top and Bottom—It sometimes happens that an erector or buyer unfamiliar with steel sash will erect the sash bottom side up. Any such error can be avoided if he will note that the ventilators always open out at the bottom and in at the top. (See sketch No. 1.) Inside and Outside—All types of FENEsTRA frames have an inside and outside. They are all designed so that the glass and putty are installed from the inside of the building. (See sketch No. 2.) Sash Out of Plumb—Sketch No.3 represents the frame true and plumb as originally designed. You will readily see that if any injury or poor method of erection distorts the opening in which the ventilator is supposed to have a snug fit, either the opening will have to be made true, or the ventilator will have to be bent to conform to the shape of the opening. Sketches 4, 5 and 6 show the same frame distorted in various ways. The dotted line of No. 4 shows how the opening may be forced out of square by placing undue pressure on the outside edge of the sash. This pressure may be induced by the bulging of columns, by blocks and wedges; or it may be caused by using too stiff mortar in grouting up the frame. Stiff mortar acts as a wedge. Sketch No. 5 shows practically the same conditions occurring at the head and sill, while sketch No. 6 indicates how the inside portion may become distorted by placing the frame in the opening out of plumb. Note that in sketch 6 the interior open- ing has become diamond shaped, and it will therefore be necessary to make the ventilator diamond shaped, or to straighten up the sash. CAM LATCH AND STAY OUTSIDE SPRING CATCH OUTSIDE OUTSIDE PULLEY BRACKET: Sketch 2 A ae Ny} Sketch 1 Sketch 3 Sketch 4 AT BLOCKS Sketch 5 Sketch 6 Jamb Sections—Sketch No. 7 shows a typical jamb section in brick work. Note the 34’ clearance necessary between the face of the steel and the face of the brick to allow the ventilator to work freely in the opening. The jamb section in concrete, shown in sketch 8, is very similar to that of brick, except that the groove is first formed in a concrete column, and afterwards pointed up. The same 3%’ clearance must be provided with the concrete as with the brick. V — ow a ar ’ io ? Cad . ° ee? ° ° ef erer oo Coan AY ER ors e eere . ary ” oe eee” * Por GPT OUTSIDE SX SASH DIMENSION Head Section—For lintel construction there are two typical Sketch 7 methods in use depending upon the character of the building. A concrete lintel may be formed and is exactly the same as the concrete jamb shown in sketch No. 8. The construction of a steel lintel is shown on sketch No. 9. On account of the settle- ment of brick pilasters and the deflection of steel lintels under load, it is necessary to provide some method by which this deflection will not throw weight upon the frame. This is accom- plished by placing a 2 x 2 x 3" angle at the bottom of the lintel and attaching the frame to this angle. In considering this matter of deflection, the ordinary practice is to allow 1/360 of the span. Such a deflection in a 16 foot wide opening means a total deflection of approximately 4’. If the lintel is of the construction shown in sketch 10, the 144” deflection will bear directly upon top of the frames and cause them to bow in or out We cannot be responsible for frames that have been bowed by the deflection or settlement of a lintel. . . PaCH tee Pe o- ty, W ff aN Le ‘OUTSIDE SASH DIMENSION Sketch 8 Sill Construction—In sketch No. 9 is shown the ideal sill construction. The groove formed in the sill offers a reasonable amount of variation in setting both the sills and the frames and also provides a means by which the connection between the frames and the sills can be made weather-proof. Sketch No. 11 shows a flat sill that is in common use in the construction of wooden frames. A combination of the steel lintel shown in sketch No. 10 and the flat sill of sketch No. 11 makes an almost impossible construction, since it is necessary to set the sill and lintel to within practically 4%’, a requirement that is absurd for ordinary building practice. If such a com- bination occurs we recommend that the sills be set at least 4%” low and the frames then placed on wooden blocks. By this means any deflection of the lintel can be taken care of by remov- ing the blocks. With this construction it is also possible to point up under the sill, thus making a weather-tight joint, while if the frames were placed directly on the stone it would be im- possible to do any pointing. With this construction it will be necessary to provide some means of anchoring the frames to the sill in order to withstand the wind pressure. This anchoring is accomplished by allowing the mullion bars joining the two units to project about 2’ below the bottom of the frame and into the sill. See Sketch No. 9. For further details on different kinds of mullion construction, see section 1, Fenestra Side-wall Sash, pages 1-29 to 1-34 inclusive. We call your attention to the fact that neither the lintel construction shown in sketch No. 10 nor the sill construction shown in sketch No. 11 is recom- mended, and above all do not use a combination of the two. Adjustment of Ventilators—If for any reason some of the ventilators become injured and will not close they can be easily adjusted. The hinge is slotted and by loosening the nut the ventilator can be raised or lowered as the case may require. If the injury is too serious to correct with the adjustment pro- vided, use a pry and bend the vent into the correct shape. Inspect each ventilator before glazing, and if any difficulty is found, correct the same at once. Glass—All glass should have 1%” clearance on all sides. If glass is too tight it will split. Glass in the ventilator coming at the edge of vent must be trimmed 1” at the top and sides and 71%” at the sill. Putty—FeENESTRA putty is by virtue of its quality and con- sistency particularly adapted to steel sash glazing. It is the result of long and continued experiment, both in the laboratory and in the field. Standard FENESTRA putty is red in color and is packed in 25 |b., 50 lb., and 100 Ib. tin lined tubs. White, green or black putty can be supplied on request. In ordering putty care should be taken that the same does not arrive on the job too quickly as our experience has shown that tubs of putty left around for three or four months will be seriously injured due to the rough handling which they always receive. Approximately Y |b. of putty per square foot is required for glazing. 11-3 Fenestra Erection and Glazing 11-4 Fenestra Erection and Glazing an OUTSIDE SASH ne SRN WAAAANAY LZ, Ny 3 aise op a Og BZ, fo oA A g geet JE %; \e — i i ee Sketch 9 fenesge Glazing—To make a first class job of glazing steel frames, it is necessary that the glass be bedded in putty as well as puttied in the ordinary way. This bedding is accomplished by spreading putty over the glazing rabbet before the glass is placed in the opening, and then shoving the glass firmly into place. The bedding putty will squeeze out at the sides and y Z o = ta y Z| = = fa SS ae Za oe : s < ) fa) a g i 2 1 O vn = ea : < la = |e YN) NNO LL hhh he. a5 HH KEE on sents re nN) aie <<] O i/, <> ye SS ee fig a CONGCRE DE wae oe Rice eae Saw ge net Plaine - Sketch 10 Sketch 11 fill every crevice, thus making the installation absolutely water tight. After the glass has been securely bedded, glazing clips, 4 to each light, are applied as shown in the accompanying photo- graph. WIRE CLIP, TO HOLD GLASS am ee “a Ps ee Glazing Clip holding glass in position in Fenestra sash It often happens that glaziers fasten scaffolding directly to the windows and then load this scaffolding to such an extent that the sash are bent and distorted at the point where the scaffolding is attached. None but experienced glaziers should be allowed to attach scaffolding to steel frames. Special Work—The erection of operating devices, sliding doors, door frames and other work of such special nature should be erected in strict accordance with the drawings which are ; always furnished by this Company. Such special work should Re be in charge of a mechanic at of least average ability, a man : that will follow strictly the manufacturer’s recommendation See and not depend on his own ideas as to how the work should be performed. S, Any information, drawings or other service which will tend eee sie ty to instruct the erector in the field is cheerfully given upon request. Soca ae Write or wire to our Home Office at 2250 EAST GRAND BOULEVARD, DETROIT or to any of our numerous branch offices. MULLION 9-15=—10M CARGILL-PENINSULAR CO,, DETROIT Ons enestra Installat 12-2 Fenestra Installations Fen Z Index to Fenestra Installations Shown in this Folder American Can Co., Toledo, Ohio (can factory) : s American Optical Car South Bridge, Mass. (spectacle fartoen) : Anderson Electric Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile factory) Anheuser-Busch Brewery, St. Louis (brewery warehouse) Bethlehem Steel Co., Bldgs. at So. Bethlehem, Pa. (steel mill) Big Four Railroad, Beach Grove, Ind. (car shops) Oe a ee eee Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co., Cambridge, Mass. (hose factory) . Brown & Bigelow, Novelty Mfers., St. Paul, Minn. (novelty factory) Cargill-Peninsular Co., Detroit, Mich. (printing and engraving plant) Carleton Shirt Co., St. Louis, Mo. (shirt factory) Carr Factory Building, Cambridge, Mass (factory) : Chalmers Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile Eactory yo. Continental Motor Mfg. Co., Detroit, Mich. (motor factory) Cottam & Co., Ltd., H. T., New Orleans, La. (warehouse) Dodge Brothers con Deut Exterior and Interior Gutomobile factony) Ford Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile offices and shops) Ford Motor Co. Branch, Philadelphia, Pa. (automobile branch office) Gear Grinding Machine Co., Detroit, Mich., Night View (gear factory) General Aluminum & Brass Mfg. Co., Detroit, Mich. (factory) Gray Telephone Exchange, Hartford, Conn. (telephone building) Grief & Bro. Bldg., L., Baltimore, Md., Exterior and Interior (factory) Hudson Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile factory) Hupmobile Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile factory) . Industrial Building, Baltimore, Md., (factory) el Mice er ee Johns-Manville Co. Bldgs., H. W., Manville, N. J. (roofing factory) Lozier Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile factory) . Lyon & Healy Piano Co., Chicago (piano factory) Neuralgyline Bldg., Wheeling, W. Va. (factory) : Ockford Printing Co., Detroit, Mich. (printing plant) Packard Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile forge Shap) Paige-Detroit Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. (automobile factory) Parrish & Bingham, Cleatnd: Ohio (steel factory) Pierce-Arrow Co. New York Branch (automobile branch Biteon Pierce-Arrow Garage, San Francisco (automobile branch office) Proctor & Gamble, Ivorydale, Ohio. (Crisco factory) Rawleigh Medical Co., Memphis, Tenn. (drug factory) Schrader Bldg., New York (loft building) Shorthill Mfg. Co., Perry, lowa (factory) f Shreve & Co. Bldg., San Francisco (jewelry (actonia Silver-Howitz Sunshine Co., Cleveland, Ohio (factory) Southern Aluminum Co. ‘AWhitnes: N. C. (repair shop and storehouse) Standard Oil Co. Shops, Cleveland, Ohio Exterior and Interior (shops) Thompson-Crooker Shoe Co., Roxbury, Mass. (shoe factory) Toledo Factory Building, Toledo, Ohio (industrial building) Troy Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn., Interior (laundry) Willys-Overland Co., Toledo, Ohio (automobile factory) This is Section No. 12 of the complete FENESTRA catalog which includes: Section No. 1, Sidewall Sash; Section No. 2, Monitor Sash; Section No. 3 Page 12 =a6 12-13 12-10 12-20 Ie 3 12-24 12-23 ID SES 12-26 12-15 12-27 12-10 12-10 2 Wa 7 12-11 NATAL 12=56 12-28 A= © Sap 219 ZNO AA 12 S11 12-6 12-18 1A 1A © 12-24 12=26 12-11 12-10 2-25 12-4-1'2-10 12-22 12=12 IA I= ® 12-28 P= 2 12-5 12-15 12-14 12-25 12-16 12-4 12- 8: 12-11 , FENESTRA Doors; Section No. 4, FENESTRA Partitions; Section No. 5, FENESTRA for Power Houses; Section No. 6, FENESTRA for Textile Mills; Section No. 7, FeENestTrRA Detention Sash; Section No. 8, FENESTRA Underwriter’s Sash; Section No. 9, FENestTRA for School Buildings; Section No. 10, Detroit and FENESTRA Casements; Section No. 11, Glazing FeNEs1RA; Section No. 12 Frenes?Ra Installations. 22’ Mill Building Bethlehem Steel Co. Has Given Thirty-three Orders for Fenestra Thirty-three orders from the Bethlehem Steel Co., of South Bethlehem, Pa., testify to the satisfaction this corporation finds in FENEsTRA Solid Steel Windows. The steel company has used 104,232 square feet of FENES- TRA Side Wall Sash, 42,825 square feet of FENESTRA Monitor Sash and 1,050 square feet of doors in its buildings at South Bethlehem, including the Mechanical and Electric Building; Carpenter and Pattern Shop; Small Mill Building; Distributing Yard: Warehouse, Pickling, Annealing and Cold Drawing; 22” Blooming Mill Building; 32’’ Blooming Mill Building; Projec- tile Shop Addition; Roll and Repair Shop; Pit Furnace Building; Gas Producer Building; Open Hearth Building; Mixer Building; Crucible Iron Mill Building, etc. In addition to these structures, the company specified D.S. P. products for the buildings of the Bethlehem Chili Iron Mines Co., at Tofo Chili; some 31,479 square feet of sash, 2,407 square feet of partitions and 2,284 square feet of doors. This makes a total of 135,711 square feet of side wall sash, 42,825 square feet of monitor, 2,407 square feet of partitions, and 3,334 square feet of doors sold to this corporation alone, a grand total of 184,277 square feet. The largest of these installations is that in the addition to the Projectile Machine Shop, this building containing 17,053 square feet. Charles E. Lehr is the company’s engincer. CV ESE UE n, 2 BREST Mechanical and Electrical Repair Shop, Carpenter and Pattern Shop Pit Furnace Building 12-3 Fenestra Installations 12-4 Fenestra Installations Stet s eee, Reactant Griffin SF Waynkoop, Architects r ; Thomas J. Steen Co., Contrs., New York Exterior of the Pierce-Arrow Co., New York Branch A fine example of factory construction, embodying pleasing design, perfect lighting and good ventilation $i Peed te t es aE Interior, Pierce-Arrow Co., New York Branch Note the wide low ventilators, and the pleasing architectural combination of the four and six-pane types Ses ek pases? Cee Interior of the Troy Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. In addition to the profits arising from increased efficiency among its employes the Troy Laundry of Minneapolis, Minn., has secured the lowest compensation insurance rate ever granted to any laundry in the west. ‘The FENEsTRA Sash we used are fire-proof,”’ explains Manager Kelly ‘and the ribbed glass gives the employes no incentive to look out of the windows. Consequently they keep their eyes on their work and this naturally lessens the risk of accident. The insur- ance company took these two points into consideration in fixing our rate.” 12-5 Fenestra Installations a ae Howard Chapman, Architect, New York Turner Construction Co., General Schrader Building, New York Contractors, New York Or read 5 Pact ; : Omran £LELS ~ & modern loft building in which perfect ventilation, maximum daylight, fire proofness and architectural attractiveness were secured through the use of FENESTRA sash J. Milton Dyer, Architect, Cleveland Silver-Howitz Sunshine Co., Cleveland, Ohio The upper floors are beautiful examples of the attractiveness obtained through the uniformity of FENESTRA 12-6 Fenestra Installations Mills, Rhines, Bellman & Nordhof, Architects, Toledo American Can Company, Toledo, Ohio A. Bentley & Sons Co., Contractors, Toledo Alber. Kahn, Architect, Detrott A. J. Smith Construction Co., Contractors, Detroit P.O. Kielholtz, Archt. and Ener., Baltimore Henry Smith &§ Sons, Contractors Factory Building of Gear Grinding Machine Co., Detroit Industrial Building. Baltimore, Md. A night view that shows the wide expanse of FeNeEsTRA lighted and ventilated buildings give FENESTRA \Vindow Walls assurance of satisfFed tenants P.O. Kielholt-, Engu eer, Baltimore Interior, Industrial Building Co., Baltimore, Md. This is a short range view of the plant of Dodge Brothers, Detroit, makers of the Dodge Car Note the efficient distribution of ventilation by means of double ventilators WA h\ 7 \\\ Pt eS Smith, Hinchman & aa A 5 Grylls, Archts.. Detroit This interior of the Dodge Brothers plant gives some idea of its tremendous W.E. Wood Co., length (about 900 feet). It is Fenestrated from one end to the other Contractors, Detroit Note how the sash set close to the ceiling throws the light into the center of the room 12-7 Fenestra Installations 12-8 Fenestra Installations Exterior view of the plant of Brown & Biglow, Novelty Manufacturers, St. Paul Note the beautiful architectural effect secured by continuous heights of FENESTRA Aug. Cederstrand 9 Co., Contractors, ‘ A - 2 Minneapolis, Minn. The Stitching Room in the Brown & Biglow Factory Kees & Colburn, Architects, Minneapolis. Minn. Perfect light makes efficient and contented employes Mills Rhines Bellman Soe : ; Nicdiats Anis Delede Willys-Overland Co., Toledo, Ohio, Manufacturers of ;‘‘Overland’’ Automobiles W.E. Wood, Contractor 12-9 Fenestra Installations The Concrete Engineering Co., Contractors, Boston, Mass. Gray Telephone Exchange, Hartford, Conn. ee Hes These large panels of sash are set close to the ceiling lines so that the light is thrown far into the interior of the building. Double ventilators give perfect distribution of air James Stewart 3 Uo., Lnc., Contractors, Chicago : : Hayland § Green, Architects, Chicago Lyon & Healy Piano Co., Chicago The Managers of the Lyon & Healy Piano Co., Chicago, decided that good light was one of the best assurances of a good product. Their new building is Fenestrated throughout 12-10 Fenestra Installations Some of the Up-To-Date Automobile Concerns Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit Ferro-Concrete Con. Co., Contractors. Cincinnati Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit The Modern Plant of the Hudson Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich. A. J. Smith Construction Co., Contractors, Detroit Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit. Jackson & Maurice. Contractors Chalmers Motor Car Co., Detroit John Scott, Architect. A. J. Smith, Contractor, Detroit A) Plant of the Paige-Detroit Motor Car Co., Detroit George D. Mason, Architect, Detroit Thomas J. Steen &§ Co., Contractors, New York. Griffin &3 Waynkoop Archts. Anderson Electric Car Co. Plant, Detroit Pierce-Arrow Co.’s Branch, New York When the automobile industry sprang into existance and mammoth mauufacturing plants grew up almost over night, it was natural that this healthy, prosperous new business should demand the finest and most efficient manu- facturing methods and environment. Makers of fine cars were quick to see in FENESTRA solid steel windows a wall 12-11 Fenestra Installations Use Fenestra in Their Model Factories and Offices Dunlap 3 Palmer, Architects E. P. Decker & Co., Contractors Factory of the Hupmobile Co., Detroit Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit Plant, Lozier Motor Company, Detroit A. Bentley Sons, Contractors, Toledo Mills, Rhines Bellman § Nordhoff, Architects, Toledo. W. E. Wood, Contractor Albert Kahn, Architect Willys-Overland Factory, Toledo Forge Shop, Packard Automobile Co., Detroit Albert Kahn, Architect Office Building and Shops of the Ford Motor Co., Detroit material which had many advantages both in appearance and in utility over the old style building construction of earlier days. That is one reason why so many different automobile concerns have patronized FENESTRA solid steel window walls. These pages show only a few of our many customers in the automobile business. 12-12 Fenestra Installations PATENTEO Erected by the Company’s Engineers Proctor & Gamble, Crisco Building, Ivorydale, Ohio Note pleasing architectural effect Samuel Stone, Jr., New Orleans, Architect Warehouse of H. T. Cottam & Co., Ltd., New Orleans, La. Interior view of the H. T. Cottam & Co. Warehouse, New Orleans, La. “We selected FENESTRA because they were strongest and most durable. The approval of the Board of Fire Underwriters permitted the company to secure a very low insurance rate”’ 12 - 13 Fenestra Installations Designed by Company’s Engineers. E 3 E American Optical Company, Southbridge, Mass. Notice the large glass areas. 70,000 square feet of FENESTRA ‘“‘window walls” were used in this building. The splendid natural lighting secured isshown in the interior view below American Optical Company’s Plant Girls in the American Optical Co.’s plant find the big FENESTRA windows a tremendous advantage. They perform the most delicate fitting and inspection of lenses by direct daylight without fatiguing their eyes. Ina letter of recommendation the American Optical Co. says: ‘Our employes would rather work in this well lighted building than in any other. Our concrete building, fitted with FENESTRA sash has been the most evenly heated of all our factory during the present winter.”” Better light, better ventilation, better heat, better fire protection—for the same price that would be paid for wood sash 12-14 Fenestra Installations E. A. Fagan, Engineer, Bayonne, N. J. Crowell © Sherman Co., Standard Oil Company Shops, Cleveland, Ohio Contractors, Cleveland. s : : - Note the long run of FENEsTRA Top Hung monitor sash in the roof a Interior of the Standard Oil Company Shops, Cleveland, Ohio Showing the excellent lighting produced by the arrangement of FENESTRA shown in the upper photograph 12-15 Fenestra Installations Bie on Woke Repair shop and store house of the Southern Aluminum Co.,Whitney, N.C. Philadelphia One of a number of Fenestrated buildings recently erected by this large concern C. F. Bonsack, Archt., St. Louis 1% s Be Hill-O’ Meara Constrn. Co., Contrs.. St. Louis Carleton Shirt Company, St. Louis, Mo. F.C. Bonsack, Archt., St. Lowrs Interior, Carleton Shirt Factory, St. Louis, Mo. Hitl-O’ Meara Construction Co., : ao Contractors, St. Louis Maximum lighting secured by FENEsTRA set close to the ceiling 12-16 Fenestra Installations fEl esl. Schenck &G Williams, Archuects, Dayton, O. " es ‘ A. Bentley &3 Sons Co., Contractors, Toledo Toledo Factories Building, Toledo, Ohio The secretary of the Toledo Factories Company writes: “It is difficult for us to conceive how the steel sash installed in our building could be improved upon. The building is as light as day, ventilators open easily and when closed are weather tight. Interior of Toledo Factories, Toledo, Ohio Note the effect of FENEsTRA ‘‘ Window Walls.’ Every girl works in bright daylight. There is scarcely a shadow in the room. Accidents in the use of these power sew- ing machines are rare, partly because the operators can see what they are doing. 12-17 Loa U Fenestra J Nes. : Installations PATENTEO Albert Kahn. Architect Daron 2 ; 3 . Irwin &F Leighton, Contractors. Interior View, Ford Motor Co., Philadelphia, Pa. EA: Note the Fenestra Vertically Pivoted Ventilators REP i Exterior View, Ford Motor Co., Fhiladeiphia, Pa. Showing FENEsTRA camber heads and beautiful architectural effect secured by use of single-pane vertically pivoted ventilators 12 - 18 Fenestra Installation Herman J. Esser, Architect, Milwaukee, Wisc. J.W. Ferguson & Co.. General Contractors The H. W. Johns-Manville Co., Manville, N. J., makers of asbestos roofing and other products, has a Fenestrated factory throughout. The accompanying photographs show a few of the buildings belonging to this concern: No. 1, the power house; No. 2, a warehouse; No. 3, interior of the power house; No. 4, a row of seven Fenestrated factory buildings, each 1000 feet long; No. 5, a full side view of one of the buildings shown in No. 4; No. 6, interior of the heating plant. Over 200,000 square feet of Fenestra have keen installed in the Johns-Manville Co. buildings to date 12-19 Fenestra Installations Exterior, L. Grief & Bros. Building, Baltimore, Md. This is the L. Grief & Bros. Building, Baltimore, Md., a good example of modern factory construction. Notice the low curtain walls—the excellent distribution of ventilators and the wide bays of glass and steel which, besides giving maximum lighting, lend to the exterior of the building a marked architectural beauty Frank & Kavanaugh, Baltimore, Archts. Monmonnier &F Sorrell, Gen. Contrs. Interior View of the L. Grief & Bros. Building Notice how the heating is taken care of by the radiator pipes below the windows 12 - 20 Fenestra Installations abt i Widman Walsh, Architects, St. Louis The Anheuser-Busch Brewery, St. Louis Interior, Anheuser-Busch Brewery, St. Louis Note the well distributed illumination in this warehouse. Although far from a window the man at the desk has ample light for all his clerical work. Every pile of stock is plainly visible. There is no fumbling in dark alleyways to locate tags or numbers. The big ventilators at the end of the building and up near the roof provide ample ventilation 12-21 Fenestra Installations The delicate, painstaking work of the manufacturing jeweler requires plenty of natural light. That is why Shreve & Co., one of the largest jewelry firms in San Francisco, installed FENEsTRA throughout. Note the attractive effect of the camber heads on the second floor N. B. Blaisdell, Architect, San Francisco 2 ‘ rs Monarch Iron Works. Contractors, Interior View of the Shreve Building, San Francisco San Francisco 12 - 22 Fenestra Installations J. D. Hannah, Contractor, San Francisco Exterior of the Pierce-Arrow Garage, San Francisco Joke oe aes Archt.. This building typifies the high class of architectural design that may be Aa Soa ie secured through the use of FENEstrA. Note how the sash and the dividing mullions accentuate and lengthen the vertical lines of the building An Interior View of the Building Shown Above Perfect workmanship in such an assembling plant is almost assured. Good light means accuracy of construction and better inspection John O. DeWolf 3 Co, Architects Mill Room of the Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co., Cambridge, Mass. AONE CIN EER ©» 4 combination of sidewall, clear story and saw-tooth sash which gives perfect lighting throughout this large room. Excellent ventilation is assured, the lower row of ventilators permitting pure air to enter while gases and fumes escape through the monitor in the roof 12-23 Fenestra Installations 12-24 Fenestra Installations Designed by the Company’s Engineer H. A. Peters Co., General Interior Big Four Car Shops, Beach Grove, Indiana, CG ~ Chi Ct tion oe ara Fenestated throughout Charles W. Bates, Architect, Wheeling, W.Va. R. R. Kitchen Co., Contractors. Nt otice how well the FENESTRA windows harmonize with the The Neuralgyline Building, Wheeling, West Va. Wheeling, W.Va. A 5 aaiee : é gee ‘ general architectural plan of this building, adding to its beauty as well as increasing its utility 12-25 Fenestra Installations Factory of Parrish & Bingham, Cleveland, Ohio This Fenestrated Building is 900 feet long and contains 12,558 square freet of FENESTRA MC Me Interior View of Parrish & Bingham Factory Contractors, Pittsburgh Perfect distribution of daylight and ventilation secured by the use of FENESTRA units in the side wall sash and monitors. Workmen in this building never “stand in their own light.’’ They never even pause to “get a better light on their work.”’ The result is more speed and more profits for the company Densmore & Le Clear, Architects Boston Thompson, Crooker Shoe Co., Roxbury, Mass. CORE EAE Co: Bottom hung ventilators equipped with chain operator, are used where a protruding stay operator would be inconvenient 12 - 26 Fenestra Installations Pollmar & Ropes, Bees oe Exterior View of the Ockford Printing Co., Building, Detroit elisle {F Cooper, ‘ ; : = Contractors, Detroit One of the most modern and architecturally attractive ‘‘Print Shops” in the west EGOS ee — aa cS — ca od a el ties Sood (i rn a Albert Kahn, : Architect, Detroit Note the brilliant light secured by the Cargill-Peninsular Co., Detroit, through Printing Plant the use of FENESTRA. Compositors have no eye strain in this composing room Nw ao N #8 on) D N OY “es ear _ 7) S — PATENTED ical Company, Memphis, Tenn. igh Med Rawle Architects Contractors Cairns, Evoy Co., Hanker & W.P. Mc 4 2 S x eS Ss nN pss = 3S 5 s = Ss S a ke — = + Cambridge. Mass. ceable at once on account of its large FENE Carr Factory Building, A well proportioned building not 2 Si = 5 = S) = S S & x = S y a 2 iS} Ss) a = 8 laa) ~ = = R Ss STRA area. i 12 - 28 Fenestra Installations Shorthill Manufacturing Co., Perry, Ia. Exterior View, BEES HOS: @Zz2522 Be aoe = een ee gaa zeezeee meomnens meeeeynen Seen ee JE SR5EE Soest aes es Company Dest gned by the Nngineers Interior View, Shorthill Manufacturing Co., Perry, Ja. E Geo. W. Graves, Architect, Detroit National Construction Co., General Aluminum and Brass Manufacturing Co., Detroit, Mich. Detroit Contractors, Notice the low curtain walls and the large glass area which extends entirely around the building Fenestrated throughout. 7-15-10M CARGILL-PENINSULAR CO... DETROIT FENESTRA HAS BEEN INSTALLED IN THE FOLLOWING GARAGES Bosworth Gatagegn. see. tape ct ee Anniston, Ala. Selon |acobs Garagere,. ener Birmingham, Ala. Burk Auto: Companyo.. noe New Decatur, Ala. Los Angeles Gas & Electric Co. Garage..:..... 5. Reet Nar eM cea has ors Wacgnes CIM SOE, Los Angeles, Cal. Standard Oil Company Garage...... Sacramento, Cal. ShetheldsGaragc...: Secon eee New London, Conn. Berouson Garage ai..5 1. slor essen Washington, D, C. GiB Meyers: Garages) neon rs Washington, D, C. Ramin siGarage tree sychs a ee ety ee Jacksonville, Fla. Southern, Bell Telephone Co. scr nt. Atlanta, Ga. Bills Garage: anivrtacts ere le eere rte Chicago, III: Dartivalle=A uburneA utoX ay oe ne onese Danville, Il. Indiana Accessories & Supply Co...Indianapolis, Ind. Wm. J Snodyi Garagewnea: facets steers Lafayette, Ind. GarloNe Mayers Garase mer a omen Menton, Ind. RereiViotorCar Cousin see ee Des Moines, Iowa HieGWoolleathys: Garage. oern Gilmore City, lowa J te Zougan Garde@as. 8 Be. 6 a Iowa Falls, lowa Emmantel Smith Garages, fat macccre. Riverton, Iowa Gage Auto Company............Minneapolis, Kans. Belknap Hardware Co.’s Garage....... Louisville, Ky. Southérn Motor Garages. can eae oe Louisville, Ky. Henderson Garave.n 100 ee nen Shreveport, La. LAtMotorn Gare Content cere re ere Baltimore, Md. Ailbert.Geiwers= ir ois sae aes ee eee Boston, Mass. Netman& Kravitskye® oo soa a oe Boston, Mass. J. W. Bishop Company Garage...... Brookline, Mass. Fleming: Garage oon ces oa eaieecea « Brookline, Mass. lnnian Garatesd. a. eee ee Cambridge, Mass. Germania. Gatace.w. 45 4h ae ue Springfield, Mass. Wim, J. Manter seam... Vineyard Haven, Mass. Anderson Electric Car Co. Garage..... Detroit, Mich. Béellesisle Garage. cite wae: ogee ae Detroit, Mich. City, of Detroit Garacemy eye ee ne Detroit, Mich. Federal Motor Truck Co, Garage...... Detroit, Mich. Mrs qd ucos tiller ecw ecrce Geeieaaer Detroit, Mich. Al ROL, ciceure apohd we aea hae tone ere Detroit, Mich. Kline Brewing Co. Garage. ane.) eae Detroit, Mich. Parker Ave. Garage. te oo re Detroit, Mich. Dy SySmitit Garagese #2 e5 sree anne Detroit, Mich. PrsAs butnet: SiC Otsereee ee ree ae Detroit, Mich. Burgstahler & Woodwartz Garage... . Freeport, Mich. Gaylord Motor Coma -nrr idee) erent Gaylord, Mich. Wadsworth Garages. aaecr an. Grosse Pointe, Mich. Van Blerck Motor Car Company...... Monroe, Mich. Northen Gatave.. a5: 5 ees Petoskey, Mich. Prank NMarxy Garages uae Wyandotte, Mich. HELECTRICH AUTO Garage mek wie eae Minneapolis, Minn, PAS ON GS SHILA A LAC Creer. ire ers Minneapolis, Minn. Thames Auto Company Garage... Minneapolis, Minn. Detroit; Hlecttic: Gara genase oe Kansas City, Mo. sypeEVOLiniai eraser. outs oats wacany eeu ree Milan, Mo PiiglaneGarag etc ae eee mae oe ot Ace Omaha, Nebr. Wika le ry Grate came tens wrench a Neer Omaha, Nebr. le tor aia One mea ee eee Newark, N. J. igslGardees min ene Leer: ca We West Elizabeth, N. J. Pinta Ventie: COacay@ O.taeate ee sone New York City Plerburt-\WalnsGatacer essa eet New York City Wietleville Garage mce ceteris New York City fake sSybhanvawar (COMRObtoe. 5 065 ooo oe: Binghamton, N. Y. Pierce-Arrow Service Station, Long Island City, N. Y. lancockvGarag ¢ Gas hho wees eae Oleaim nye Warr vbaxwell Garages jc. sate wens Rensselaer, N. Y. CarthagesAuto Company... a... Rochester, N. Y. PROG ULLOip aldo On wen eet eee Schonaric. ss ye Roberta disomy. -ace eye promra ease Snug Harbor, N. Y. DLOWwn) oe COmGalay Chute nce ent aanes Syracuse, N. Y. Wines Wrallianisy Garage: ts ts Meee es Akron, Chio Cleveland Railway Company Garage. .Cleveland, Chio Parich= Bingham Gatrage.. ya s.sae ee Cleveland, Ohio Silvio: Patel eA chisit eee ee ee ties a eee Columbus, Chio Clarence Wee Lindsay ee eee Dayton, Ohio Latth-Guorgens Motor Gari'Gon...- aes Fremont, Ohio Wise tGarace mans caren hee ene Slaveland, Ohio FLV STOR MStOmn Gd haces acrerm ct Aten eines Troy, Ohio MEA EIT Sia it hice we cee eee ee ne Xenia, Ohio Henderson Garaversa wae aries ane Youngstown, Chio Ohne S eb cing tenet cy ode Bellefontaine, Pa. Wettig Te BO iG See tae os each, eee nee Bridgeport, Pa. Easton eA ttomeopiles Conn a5. Easton, Pa. Atlantic: VandiCo sn mo sane se nee Pittsburgh, Pa. Ferguson Tin Plate Company Garage. . Pittsburgh, Pa. Tie ba GabeliGarace: (aca eta: Pittsburgh, Pa. Kautman G Baer Garaces a: ees eee Pittsburgh, Pa. SAE SpearaGaraye sn tae wo een Pittsburely, Paz Speer Garage see ants Saw site cede eee Pittsburgh, Pa. Jefferson Auto: Companyicn. see. Punxsutawney, Pa. The Miller Garage. ae ee ane Chattanooga, Tenn. Parker Garavewach acne en es Memphis, Tenn. Baird:w@ ScottiGaragetsa. eee eenie ee Norfolk, Va. Jordan Motor Company son ace sas oe Richmond, Va, Champlain=Garage:: gna. ns ener nie Burlington, Vf. Suppose This Were Your Garage Clang! Clang! Clang! Another company of the Kansas City Fire Department dashed up to the burning warehouse of the A. B. C. Storage & Van Company. Filled with hay and gasoline, the building made a huge bonfire. Vol- umes of smoke and flames were rolling upward. Just across the narrow alley, stood two buildings, one a wooden sashed structure; the other a steel windowed garage, belonging to the Anderson Electric Car Co. “Get_after the wood,”’ shouted the fire chief, “‘never mind the other.” While the firemen fought back the flames that were eating through the wood sash, the steel windowed garage was left to take care of itself. The firemen knew it was compara- tively safe—protected FENESTRA _ Solid Steel Windows. The steel bars grew red hot, but the sash did not fail. The fact that it stood up under terrific heat saved thousands of dollars worth of cars. “We consider this the hardest kind of a fire test,” said Jackson & Mcllvain, the architects, after the fire was over. ‘‘The owners of the building, the tenants, and ourselves as architects, are ready to recom- mend very strongly the windows, not only as to their lighting and ventilating qualities, but for their fire resisting possibilities as well.” Just imagine your garage under similar conditions. Wouldn’t it ease your mind considerably to Jackson & Mcllvain, Architetts The FENESTRA indows in the Kansas City Garage of the Anderson Electric Car Company preyefited the flames from entering the building. windows besf@e them. The oval shows a number of cars that were saved because of the installation of FENESTRA. Note the charred wooden know your cars were protected -~ ¢ te from ‘“‘the fire next door?” -——_ fined in narrow limits by concrete Consider also the ever present danger from internal fires. Oil and gasoline are constantly dripping from your cars. Every day finds the floor sprinkled with oil spots, each a source of danger.: A spark from a defective coil, and flash—! You know the re- sult. Yet, what threatened to be- come serious fires have been con- floors and FENESTRA windows, doors and partitions. Can a building be absolutely fireproof if the windows are wood? The fire insurance companies say not. Some time ago, a certain con- cern which had just completed a modern fireproof building called in an insurance man and asked for terms. figure. By way of explanation, he point- ed to the windows. “Your build- ing isn’t fireproof if the windows are wooden,’ he said, “But you have used steel sash, decreasing the chances of fire. The risk is small and therefore the premium is low. FENESTRA has proved to be a premium reducer to more than one He named his figure, a low You Can Meet Your Fire Regulations With FENESTRA Your State Fire Marshal has undoubtedly issued regulations covering the fireproof construction of garages, specifying that under certain conditions, steel sash must be used. Those made by the New York State Fire Marshal are typical These regulations state that all windows in garages ‘‘exposing other buildings within a distance of 20 feet must be built with wire glass, metal sash and of laws being passed by many states. frames.”’ B. & F. gauge.”’ state. The regulations also state that ‘“‘wire glass in windows or skylights of garages shall not be less than 4” in thickness, with wire mesh not more than 7%” and wire not smaller than No. 24 By using FENEsTRA Solid Steel Windows filled with panes of wired glass, you can comply with the fire regulations of your Why not be on the safe side? John Y. Snyder, Architect Henderson Garage, Shreveport, I Br W. H. Warner, Contractor SS SN O. S. Ziroli, Architect, Concrete Const. Co., Cont., Louis Kamper, Architect E. O. Chase & Co., Contractors W orcester Woonsocket, R. I. Kling, Brewing Co., Detroit De Mars Garage, Worcester, Mass. \ 6 : 5 ID Jel h, Contractor Pierce-Arrow Garage, San Francisco cet tG TG Se Omaete Views of four typical Fenestrated garages. Note how both lighting and architectural beauty have been increased by the use of steel sash Sy USPePsOeS THIS WERE YOUR Gea RANG. E concern. It is really ‘‘built in’”’ fire insurance. Some Other Fenestra Advantages Fire protection is only one reason for installing FENESTRA in your garage. In addition, consider the following: Abundant daylighting, Thorough ventilation, Low Cost. Here are three short. lines, but each one brings window satisfac- tion to you. When Architect L. H. Sturges of Indianapolis, was commissioned by a client to draw plans for a new fire- proof garage, he designed a building considered by many to be a model of its kind. Garage men are unanimous in their opinion that this building practically meets every require- ment. In fact, a number of archi- tects in Indianapolis have since been requested to draw up plans and specifications along similar lines. One of the things which first im- presses a visitor to the Sturges gar- age, is the well lighted interior. It is essentially a daylight garage, due to the large expanse of glass ‘‘wall- space.” The curtain walls are low the pilasters narrow and the re- mainder of the wall is of glass and steel. Electric Bills Reduced Did you ever notice the number Felzer-Winger Co., Contractors Kaufmann & Baer Co. Garage, Pittsburgh,Pa. Seventy motor cars are garaged in the building belonging to the Kaufmann & Baer Co. rs one of the large department stores of Pittsburgh, Pa. Forty cars are stored each night in the large interior shown above, while 30 are kept in the basement. ; This fireproof building is 250 feet long by 60 feet wide and was designed especially for the Kaufmann & Baer Co. monitor. Note the large area of FENESTRA Windows in the side walls and of electric lights burning in the average garage during the middle of the day? The Fifth Avenue Coach Com- pany, New York City, seldom need artificial light in daytime in the 102nd Street garage. The owners of the business attribute this sav- ing solely to the large amount of Home Made Snow Storm Proves Fenestra Weathering we Testing Fenestra Weathering An eighty mile an hour gale can not blow fine pastry flour through a FENESTRA ventilator when it is closed and locked. This was proved a short time ago when we arranged an “indoor snow- storm” in the factory laboratory. The flour was blown against the sash by compressed air, having 35 pounds pressure (about equal to the wind at 80 miles an hour). After a 20-minute test not a par- ticle of flour could be found behind the sash. A window which will stand such a test will effectually protect your garage against the worst of storms. When the ventilators are closed two flat surfaces on the ventilator / close tightly against two flat sur- faces on the surrounding sash. light in the side walls. 9151 square feet of FENESTRA sash was used in this three-story building. “Our electric light bills are cut in half,’’ comes the word from one user of FENESTRA, and another says: “When we moved from our old garage to our new one, the days immediately grew longer. Wenow get one and a half to two hours more daylight, due solely to the use of FENESTRA.”’ The cheerfulness and sunshine which characterizes a building of this sort naturally reacts most fav- orably upon the employees. Their efficiency is increased. They work faster and with greater accuracy. No longer is it necessary to hold an electric torch while exploring with straining eyes, some remote part of the car. FENESTRA has made such practices obsolete. The Importance of Thorough Ventilation When motors are being adjusted, the interior of the garage frequently becomes filled with gasoline fumes, increasing the fire risk and lowering the vitality of the mechanic who must work in such an atmosphere. Large ventilators placed at con- venient intervals in the FENESTRA YOUR G SUPPOSE ARAG E Diets Wii oRoE oe | Albert Kahn Architect Max Bartholomaei Son & Co. Contractors The 18013 square feet of FENESTRA Vertically Pivoted Sash installed in the new garage and stables of the Detroit Creamery Company, Detroit, Michigan, make the building thoroughly ‘‘window walled.’’ Note how the sash adds to the architectural beauty. sash practically eliminate this trouble. “You would be surprised at the ease with which the smoke is car- ried off in our garage,” says Mr. J. B. Sloan} Mere ot) the Crescent Garage, Detroit. ‘When our build- ing fills up with gasoline vapor, we open the sash in the monitors, thrust open the windows at each side with a simple push of the stay bar, and in a moment the smoke is gone. ‘““FENESTRA is a time saver. We can open the ventilators along the side as fast as we can walk from one window to the other. The ventilators in the monitor work just as easily. If we had wooden windows above, we could hardly open them, especially in rainy weather when the wood warps, sticks and jams. Pleasing Appearance Many garage owners have com- mented on the architectural at- tractiveness secured through the use of FENESTRA. The bars of the sash can be used effectively in en- hancing the lines of the building. Commenting on the FENESTRA installed in the Bosworth Garage, Anniston, Ala., the owners wrote: “The neatness of the sash adds much to the appearance of the building.” Note above the Detroit Cream- ery with its wide glass area and pleasing lines. ‘‘We have the most attractive garage in Detroit,”’ is the assertion of the superintendent of the building—a sentiment echoed by. all; avho™ haverseen- thesnew structure. The Ellis garage shown on the opposite page is an example of the Where Fenestra Window Walls Brought Increased Efficiency “T find my men work faster and accomplish more with less effort in our new building than they did before,’ writes Mr. H. L. Defrees, Manager of the Indiana Storage & Accessories Company of Indianapolis. ‘‘FENEsTRA Solid Steel Windows are ideal for garage construc- tion. Our garage is evenly heated. The gases and smoke never bother us, because of the excellent ventilation and the saving in light bills is considerable. Put me down as a strong FENESTRA Booster’. Note the well lighted interior of this garage. A flood of daylight penetrates to every part of the building. This is due solely to the 171 units of standard FENEsTRA with its glass area of 2837 square feet. i Wi inet ietacrnaemcninipeanasapicaa ony esip Mipsreviinssanesinstsibiaaiy ij DDi AT Dr ipiiibe tiene H. L. Sturges, Architect Indiana Storage & Accessories Co., Indianapolis, Indiana State Construction Co. Contractors SUPPOSE THIS WERE YOUR GARAGE Harry J. Rill, Architect pleasing appearance of standard FENESTRA installed in a small private garage. A Word or Two About Cost We don’t ask you to take our word for the low cost of FENESTRA. We have a little booklet covering this feature separately, if you care “Entirely Satisfactory” In This Six Story Garage Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson, Architects G. C. Mardis Co. Contractors “We are satisfied with our selection of steel sash,”’ states the Herring Motor Car Company, Des Moines, Ia., whose six story garage is shown above. ‘‘Believe we have the best lighted and ventilated shops and assembly rooms in the city. As we also use these windows fu’'l sized for our north exposure, lighting our offices and show rooms, we can add that they are entirely satisfactory for this purpose also.”’ The Herring Motor Car Co. is an Iowa distributor of the Ford Motor Co, e oS for it, but we would prefer to make an estimate for you on your own building. Mr. William H. Ellis, Bridgeport, Pa., has, as far as we know, the smallest FENESTRATED garage. It is large enough for one machine and contains only four standard units of sash. The garage was built by Mr. Ellis himself, and he carefully considered the question of price. He says FENEsTRA is “10% to 15% cheaper than the ordinary wooden sash and frames.” When Architect’ Harry J. Rill planned the Crescent Garage for P. A. Turner & Company, he speci- fied that steel sash be used. The owners knew something about the price of wood sash, but when they received figures covering the fifty units of FENESTRA they were more than pleased. After their garage was built they enthusiastically wrote to us: “The Cost of Fenestra Is Much Lower Than That of Wood Sash”’ From St. Petersburg, Fla., comes the word from Mr. F. W. Ramm, “The cost of FENESTRA is about 20% lower than stone walls and ordinary windows.”’ There are some cases where the initial cost of wood sash is less than that of FENEesTRa. If you want special sizes, many different models of sash, unusual stunts in window construction, you can probably get them cheaper in wood than in steel. On the other hand, the first cost of FENESTRA is its total cost. When wooden windows are used, to the Designed and built by William H. Ellis These two illustrations show garages in which FEN- ESTRA has been installed at a cost lower than wood sash. The building above is owned by Wm. H. Ellis, Bridgeport, Pa., the one on the left is the Crescent Garage owned by P. A. Turner & Company, Detroit. initial cost is added the cost of re- pairs, increased artificial lighting bills, mistakes and accidents due to poor light all of which combine to increase decidedly the ultimate cost. It’s an easy matter to make your garage light, airy, and free from fire. To do so you need only to write the few words “FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows’”’ in the speci- fications of the new building. Just tell us the size of your win- dow openings; and the type of sash you prefer (see back page of this folder), and let us send you an estimate that you can compare with wood sash prices. Fill out the coupon now. DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS CoO. 2250 E. Grand Boulevard Dept. G Detroit, Michigan Without any obligation on mv part, please give me the cost of Fenestra Solid Steel Windows for a garage, based on the following data:— Ownenonbullding -eaieeecme dear keen eee ee ING arate tian ocr « LZ Mee ae rere tice ators Parctay cok eters NGA Seat aasetelnacks ELE ween chet ares ARS AES Se INOS Saitatysces wit aise Sizer steranertles Secs setsewnas INGiayeeicuate salsa naectas DIZ ereceipe tere a here ater Gene iiNet. tara INO: Aiyaench er aetate bens SIZE actarraet ote Be te tome caerteensre sions Check the type of ventilator you prefer? Vertically sliding Vertically pivoted Horizontally pivoted Top hung Bottom hung Side hung Monitor Casements It will help us if you can send blueprints or sketches. Signed maser nots cee cca te Se Sec ne ay ee ENGINE Che mSUc tesa eOOUE Oconee DL cae ee eee Maximum Light Always In All Ways Fenestra Casement for offices, Detroit Casement with Double department stores and semi- Swinging Leaves for offices, apart- public buildings ments and public buildings Vertically Pivoted Bing a ne ren Fenes ta: peal ts The universal adaptability of solid steel windows, doors and Sea particclacivs desicable maximum venti- partitions to all building conditions is demonstrated by a glance in buildings where screening lation is needed at these photographs showing a few types among the many is necessary in the FENESTRA line. See how the most diverse needs are answered with minute specific care by the installation of For Maximum Light and Air Light is practically doubled; scientific ventilation assured ; man power greatly multiplied; these are among FENESTRA advantages. These solid steel windows bring maintenance cost to the vanishing point. They are fireproof, they resist the wind and wear indefinitely and reduce insurance and lighting bills. And yet FENEsTRA when ordered in standard sizes costs no more than wood sash. SSA sain eas rte Fenestra Bottom- Detroit Steel Products Co. Pivoted Unit, d i ll e: hung Unit, operated b > sf she of mills inal factocleain : énain and spring ate 2250 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich. Fenestra Steel Channel Doors for both Fenestra Steel Partitions for use in factories, Fenestra Continuous Top- exterior and interiorapertures. They let warehouses, loft buildings, etc. Inter- hung Monitor Sash for saw- in the light and are absolutely fireproof changeable and absolutely fire resisting tooth roof construction Special literature covering the application of these types will be sent on request THE FRANKLIN PRESS, DETROIT These Foundries are Different—They are Equipped with Fenestra Windows Southern W heel/ Company .oa.e cea ee tama Gra. Chicago Junction Railway, Blacksmith Shop, COR aero ke ieee! [oe per enicagonell Goldsmith Smelting & Refining Co....Chicago, Ill. Western Hotndry Company... <2. 22. Chicago, II. Bikhartebridcercs Iron Cosa snncnyace Elkhart, Ind. Hammond Malleable Iron Co...... Hammond, Ind. FederalHoundry Comes eee Indianapolis, Ind. Lennox Furnace Company..... Marshalltown, Iowa McShane Mill: Foundry.Co.22 a... Baltimore, Md. Putmiane ac linesC omer. operas ... Fitchburg, Mass. Eagle lron 1 oundrya@onn. s.r ae 7 evan, Wass. Acme, Poundr ya: see eer anne Pare GLO, VIC hs Buhl Malleable+Companyi-- 4-7. <.- Detroit, Mich. Covic Brothers, Blacksmith Shop....Detroit, Mich. See ee ree Detroit, Mich. Detroit Houndiy7 Concise ere Detroit, Mich. Dodge Bros., Brass Foundry ........Detroit, Mich. General Aluminum & Brass Mfg. Co. Detroit, Mich. Crawford Foundry Bethlehem Steel Co Grant Bros houndry ae tenet ot Detroit, Mich. Atlas Drop, Rorge, Company... 6. Lansing, Mich. Minnesota steelCompany a... 75 ss Duluth, Minn. Barlowshoundry =. 2.0. mpi ieee Newark, N. J. They Diamonds Foundry Coat. eee Akron, Ohio CinemnatiGar Company asm 4.4... Cincinnati Ohie Ho Pleming-aSons.- a. Beri Cincinnati, Ohio Best Poundry sack Seo OR: Cleveland, Ohio ParishaQe bin ohia mie eee te Cleveland, Ohio Delaware Bdy- QeMach.Go.. 2.) een Delaware, Ohio Massillon Rolling Mills .Massillon, Ohio Parcelshoundty sss Hg Paina Sandusky, Ohio American: sterilizer: Company. 45-2. Priéjeea, Pittsburgh Crucible Steel Co..........Midland, Pa. AmericaneZ ines GhemicaleCom.« Pittsburgh, Pa. Carnegie Steel Company 2.5. nsee Pittsburgh, Pa. Sharon sMoundry Company sas a. tee Sharon, Pa. Bethlehem Chile Iron Mines Co.....S. Bethlehem, Pa. Milwaukee Steel Foundry Co...... Milwaukee, Wis. pee ey ite S. Bethlehem, Pa. Good lighting is only one feature of the Fenestrated iron foundry of the Buckeye Iron and Brass Works, Dayton ‘ Structural Concrete Co., Dayton, Contractors Frank D. Chase, Chicago, Architect M. A. Dickover, Hammond, Ind. Contractor ID you read that letter on the cover of this folder? Mr. Wanner wrote it about a year after he had installed Fenestra Solid Steel Windows in the foundry of the Hammond Malleable Iron Company. You will notice from the pic- ture above, that the Hammond Foundry is not like the ordinary It is light, where the dark and It is well ventilated, —has plenty of pure foundry. ordinary foundry is gloomy. air,—where the Park A. Dallis, Atlanta, Architect Virginia Bridge and Iron Co., Roanoke, Contractors ordinary foundry has an excess of Tntact, aseivir, ccs just fumes and gases. Wanner says, conditions are the reverse” of those usually found in buildings of this character. Mr. Wanner frankly admits that he intended to install wooden win- dows. He _ thought cheaper than steel sash and that they were it was impossible to build a “‘light”’ Hammond Malleable Iron Company, Hammond, Ind., Lighted throughout by Fenestra window walls “airy” foundry any way. But when he investigated he found that: Foundries are dark only because they are not constructed to let in light. not be, except lack of knowledge and forethought. No reason why they should Foundries are poorly ventilated only because proper ventilation has not been BUILT INTO them. No reason why, except that men have Atlanta Foundry of the Southern Wheel Co., St. Louis, a corrugated iron building with Fenestra window walls W. T. Carter, Cleveland, Engineer and Architect Lackawanna Bridge Co., Buffalo Contractors ce been in the habit of building foun- dries that way. “Then why not build differently ?” demanded Mr. Wanner. Somebody said: “‘It costs too much,” but that proved to be an- other misconception. It does not cost any more to build sunlight, pure air, fire pro- tection, good health, increased efficiency, and general happiness into your foundry than it does to build into it gloom, impure air, ill health, depression, and inefficiency. Take your choice at the same price. Geo. W. Graves, Detroit, Architect National Construction Co., Detroit, Contractors in the smaller cut Why Fenestra Gives More Light 1. Fenestra window walls are made of solid steel bars, which are much stronger then wood bars, but not nearly so thick or cumbersome. They let in, about 14% to 20% more light than could be had through wood sash in the SAME OPENING. 2. When Fenestra Solid Steel Windows are installed in a foundry, they not only take the place of wooden windows, but ALSO TAKE THE PLACE OF SOME OF THE BUILDING WALL. That is why we call them “window walls.” Fre- quently these sash extend from the roof line to within two or three feet of the floor. There is practically extends entirely around the building The larger picture shows the interior of the Federal Foundry at Jndianapolis, as lighted by the arrangement of Fenestra units shown no limit to the size of opening that can be filled. Why Fenestra Means Good Ventilation The building that has the most windows does not always have the best ventilation. Air currents, ar- rangement and size of openings, and location of surrounding buildings, all have to be taken into considera- tion. Our field representatives always try to design windows that GIVE THE VENTILATING SERVICE REQUIRED. Sometimes one small ventilator in a sash is suffi- cient. In other cases, the entire window-wall is made movable, al- lowing practically 100% ventila- General Aluminum and Brass Manufacturing Co., Detroit, Mich. Fenestrated throughout. Notice the low curtain walls and the glass walls which A> H. Wales Lines Co., Meridian, Conn., Contractors French § Hubbard, Boston, Architects tion. The care and forethought given to this branch of Fenestra window service explains why a Fenestrated building is always a bet- ter place to work, than is a building equipped with ordinary windows. Protection Against Fire When a foundry or any other building catches fire, wood sash merely help spread the flames. Fenestra windows being made of solid steel bars and glazed with wire glass are an absolute fire barrier. Safety First It has been proved that dark buildings cause accidents, illness and mistakes,—liabilities which are greatest in the winter when the Fitchburg, Mass. produced by the Fenestra window walls days are shortest and employees work by artificial light. They are at a minimum in summer, and par- ticularly in buildings equipped with Fenestra Solid Steel windows, be- cause employees have the maxi- mum amount of natural light. Increased Efficiency An employee who is feeling fit, and who can see his work, will turn cut more work and better work than one who 1s ul or who 1s working where the light is bad. Reduced Upkeep—No Repairs Fenestra steel windows, do not warp, stick or decay. They never have to be replaced,—an advantage you'll be thankful for when your building is 10 years old. The smaller picture is an exterior view of the Putman Machine Company Foundry, The larger picture shows the interior effect Here’s what a foundry owner says about window maintenance: “When we rebuilt our 12-inch mill department and our roll shop, the question of sash material was given considerable attention with the idea of avoiding if possible the ex- pense and trouble incident to the upkeep of wooden sash. We instal- led 500 or 600 Fenestra Solid Steel windows and we have no reason to believe that we erred in our judg- ment.’—C. F. Mackey, Asst. Gen. Mgr., Franklin Steel Works. Glass Walls in this Forge Shop are surmounted by a monitor with two rows of Fenestra Horizontally Pivoted Sash which give practically 100% ventilation Albert Kahn Detroit Architect Packard Motor Car Company’s Forge Shop, Detroit GEE Se8 248 ae Baa one \ LL a | {i n.-- gD THANee ee an {a Be "my Be; L et... Notice the difference in appearance and lighting in these views of the Best Foundry, Cleveland. Upper views show wood sash equipment, lower views show Fenestra W. T. Carter, Cleveland, Architect and Engineer Lackawanna Bridge Co., Buffalo, Contractors Let Us Help You Design Your Windows Foundries are not all alike. There are peculiarities about every building that makes it different from every other. Even other buildings in the vicinity play an important part in determining the kind of window service needed. FENESTRA Service is maintained to assist builders to answer such problems correctly. Every problem submitted to this department is given individual attention by men who are authorities in steel window construction. If desirable, they will gladly prepare, without charge, layouts and sketches showing the most effective as well as the most economical methods of day-lighting., 22-inch Mill Building HIRTY-THREE orders from the Bethlehem Steel Co., of South Bethlehem, Pa., testify to the satis- faction this corporation finds in FENESTRA Solid Steel Windows. The steel company has used 104,232 square feet of FENESTRA Side Wall Sash, 42,825 square feet of FENEsTRA Monitor Sash and 1,050 square feet of doors in its buildings at South Bethlehem, including the Mechanical and Electric Building; Carpenter and Pattern Shop; Small Mill Building; Distributing Yard; Warehouse, Pickling, Annealing and Cold Drawing; 22-inch Blooming Mill Building; 32-inch Blooming Mill Building; Projectile Shop Addition; Roll and Repair Shop; Pit Furnace Building; Gas Producer Build- ing; Open Hearth Building; Mixer Building; Crucible Iron Mill Building, etc. In addition to these structures, the company specified D. S. P. products for the buildings of the Bethlehem Chili Iron Mines Co. at Tofo, Chili; some 31,479 square feet of sash, 2,407 square feet of partitions and 2,284 square feet of doors. Charles E. Lehr is the company’s engineer. kli ng, Annealing and Cold Drawing Department Charles E. Lehr Engineer Mechanical and Electrical Repair Shop. Carpenter and Pattern Shop Maximum Light Always In All Ways Fenestra Casement for offices, Detroit Casement with Double department stores and semi- Swinging Leaves for offices, apart- public buildings ments and public buildings Vertically Pivoted Fenestra Unit, desirable where The universal adaptability of solid steel windows, doors and Ee ae tbe maximum venti- partitions to all building conditions is demonstrated by a glance in buildings where screening lation is needed at these photographs showing a few types among the many is necessary in the FENESTRA line. See how the most diverse needs are answered with minute specific care by the installation of For Maximum Light and Air Light is practically doubled; scientific ventilation assured ; man power greatly multiplied; these are among FENESTRA advantages. These solid steel windows bring maintenance cost to the vanishing point. They are fireproof, they resist the wind and wear indefinitely and reduce insurance and lighting bills. And yet FENESTRA when ordered in standard sizes costs no more than wood sash. Standard Fenestra Horizontally aan Fenestra ten Detroit Steel Products Co. Pivoted Unit, used in all types hung Unit, operated by ; “ < i 3 - of mills and factories chain and spring catch 2250 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich. Fenestra Steel Channel Doors for both Fenestra Steel Partitions for use in factories, Fenestra Continuous Top- exteriorandinteriorapertures. They let warehouses, loft buildings, etc. Inter- hung Monitor Sash for saw- in the light and are absolutely fireproof changeable and absolutely fire resisting tooth roof construction Special literature covering the application of these types will be sent on request [refer Lm 1s as” —said Irving E. Macomber, Secretary of the Toledo Factories Company. ‘““‘We don’t see how | ‘Fenestra’ could be improved.’ Toledo Factories Building, Toledo, Ohio. Schenck & Williams, Architects, Dayton. A. Bentley & Sons Co., Con- tractors, Toledo. An engraving plant occupies a portion of one floor in the Toledo Factories building. Notice the Fenestra daylight “Refer ‘Em to us,” said Mr. Irving E. Macomber. Mr Macomber is secretary of the Toledo Factories Company, owner of a big ‘“‘industrial building”’ in which Fenestra window walls were used. “‘We have always been delighted with Fenestra sash and consider its selection for our building about the wisest move we made,”’ Mr. Macomber wrote us. “It is difficult for us to conceive how your steel sash as installed in our building could be improved upon. It gives us pleasure to bear testimony to the excellence of your sash and the uniform courtesy you have extend- ed our company during building construction.”’ All of which indicates that Mr. Macomber is a_ booster worth having. The Toledo Factories building belongs to a new type of industrial structure designed particularly for the small manufacturer in the large city. It isa modern “‘loft’’ building, equipped with light, power, gas, water, steam, sprinkler protection, automatic temperature control, Another corner of the Toledo Factories build- ing, where a glove factory is in operation indirect heating, positive ventila- tion. All these advantages are shared by tenants, sometimes several on each floor, who carry on their small businesses amid all the factory advantages enjoyed by the largest manufacturer. Architects Schenck and Williams of Dayton, who designed the Toledo Factories building also planned the Beaver Power build- ing in Dayton, a structure of the same type, and used for the same purpose. It was this fireproof, Fen- estrated Beaver Power building which checked the flames as they swept through Dayton during the flood in 1913. It offered a barrier that the fire could not leap and saved that portion of the city as well as the hundreds of refugees who crowded within its walls. In Albany, N. Y., the Com- mercial Company erected the Albany Industrial building, designed for small manufacturing purposes, and enclosed completely by Fenestra window walls. Mr. P. D. Kierman, president of the company wrote us: “TI am taking this occasion to com- pliment you on the excellent work which you have done in connection with our new Industrial Building. The Fenestra Windows are all that you claim for them and they have not only had the effect of making our factory as bright as day, but they also produce a very pleasing architectural finish. “*You are at liberty at any time to refer to us and I will be glad to give anybody a personal endorsement’’. The Industrial building at Balti- more is another excellent example of a Fenestrated “‘loft’’ building, as is the Schrader building, New York, and the Larkin building, Philadelphia, although the latter is occupied chiefly by the Larkin Company. Famous Fireproof Beaver Power Building, Dayton. Schenck & Williams, Architects, Dayton we Albany Industrial Building, Albany, N. Y. Marcus M. Reynolds, Albany, Architect. Peter Keeler Building Co., Albany, Contractors The Toledo Factories Building The Toledo Factories Building is of the ‘‘flatslab’”’ style construction. The building is sub-divided as cir- cumstances may require by the use of movable partitions, and the only finish given to either ceil- ings or walls is one coat of cold water paint. It is probably safe to assume, that the average expense of a build- ing of this character, is somewhere between six and eight cents per square foot per year; this, of course, does not include any administrative or overhead items. Average rental for such buildings appears to be about twenty-five cents a foot. The Toledo Factories Building has been entirely successful in every respect; architects, owners ai _ten- ants are enthusiastic. Moreover, they say that Fenestra sash has been an important element in the establishment of this success. For What Architects Say About Industrial Building Construction From anarchitectural standpoint the comments of Messrs. Schenck & Williams are interesting: ‘We have no hesitancy in stating that a properly planned factories building is an excellent investment; more lucrative than apartment building, or than any other form of building investment that we know. “Immediately after the erection of our first fireproof, rental factor- ies building in this city, the same client commissioned us to erect a second structure of thesame nature. Both buildings are fully occupied, ‘further in the Larkin Building, Philadelphia. Ballinger & Perrot, Architects, Philadelphia. Aberthaw Construction Co., General Contrac- tors, Boston instance, at the close of a full heat- ing season, and in spite of an un- usual glass exposure—there being some 29,000 panes of glass in the building—the temperature even in zero weather was never below 70 degrees. At the time of the Omaha tor- nado, there was, a very heavy gale in Toledo. Many plate glass win- dows were broken in the business section of the city, but at the Toledo factories, to use the secretary’s own words: ‘No one in the build- ing even realized that there was a heavy wind storm.” and our client is ready to invest same manner. “The site for a factories build- ing to house the small industries should be not far distant from the business section ofthe city. It is desirable to have railroad track- age, but not a Schrader Building, New York. Howard Chap- man, Architect, New York. Gurner Con- struction Co., Contractors, New York necessity. Few of these smaller industries buy in car load lots, none of them ship in car load lots. Therefore, they do not feel the ne- cessity of having a railroad siding. “The building site should have as many open sides as possible so that it will not be necessary to take out valuable space with light courts and hallways. “It is necessary to study out for each particular building site an arrangement that will concentrate, as much as possible, the public halls, elevators and stairways, so that a minimum amount of space will be wasted in hall ways, and so that the rental area may be divided into spaces of various sizes to accommodate tenants of all classes. “A knowledge of just how to plan to the best advantage can only be obtained through very careful invest- igation of exist- ing buildings or through act tail experi- ence in Industrial Building, Baltimore. P. O. Kielholtz, Baltimore, Archi- tect and Engineer. Henry Smith & Sons, Contractors Fenestra Casement for offices, department stores, industrial and semi-public buildings Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash, particularly desirable in buildings where screening and shading are necessary Standard Fenestra Horizontally Pivoted Unit, used in all types of mills and factories Fenestra Partitions as used in the plant of Brown & Biglow, Detroit Casement with double swinging leaves for offices, apart- ments and public buildings planning and operating a building for a period of time. ‘““A thoroughly well constructed, heavy, con- crete, fireproof building, with Fenestra sash, good heating plant, sufficient plumbing facilities, etc., costs, in this locality, from 8% cents to 9 cents per cubic foot, cubic foot measure to be taken from basement to roof. ‘‘Minimum rental charges amount to about 18 cents per square foot per year, which amount is paid by tenants occupying over 20,000 square feet of space. Smaller spaces bring from 20 to 22 cents per square foot per year. ‘All of the above-named prices include heat, elevator service and public toilet service. All tenants pay for their own light and power in addition to these prices, and maintain their own janitor or porter service within their rental space. “We find, in the building which we are oper- ating, that our total cost of operation, including heat, elevator service, toilet service, superintend- ent, janitors, etc., is within 4 cents per square foot of rental space per annum. “The factories building provides a place for small out-of-town industries which move into the city, and, in our case, has also been useful to our starting home industries.” Fenestra Steel Partitions Fenestra steel partitions offer an ideal method of sub-dividing large floor areas into small offices, stock rooms, corridors, time-keeper’s and ship- ping rooms, etc. Such partitions meet all the requirements in the various cities in regard to weight, fire resisting qualities, ventilation, and light, and cost less than any other form of fire resisting construction. All partitions are constructed in units and these are then joined together at the site by means of stiffening bars or mullions. This St. Paul, Minn. Fenestra partitions in the automobile factory of Dodge Brothers, Detroit unit construction not only facili- tates handling in shipping, but also makes it possible to take down the partition after it has been in use, and re-erect it in some other portion of the building. In no way can this re-arrangement be accomplished more economically or more rapidly than with the Fenestra unit parti- tion construction. Typical Fenestra door and partitions as used in office and industrial buildings Detroit Steel Products Company 2250 East Grand Boulevard = - Detroit, Michigan 2! ‘> Fenestra Vertically Sliding Solid Steel Windows Counter Balanced Type 50% and 66% % Ventilated WG For Office Buildings Apartments, Hotels Stores and Bank Buildings Made by Detroit Steel Products Co. Detroit, Michigan 16-2 Vertically Sliding Sash estl 4 Ve: ws OLID STEEL wince ~ PATENTED ‘ AN INSIDE ALB CURRENTS SORFACE CATLOCT LIME CONTACT Fig. 2 Fig. 1 A/R CURRENTS SURFACE CONTACT y N s LINE. CONTACT Fig. 4 Fig. 3 Line Contact Versus Flat Surface Contact vation in the building material world. Other sash manufacturers have endeavored to market windows of this construction for some time, but the makers of ‘‘FENESTRA”’ preferred to do their experi- menting in their own shops. FENEsTRA Vertically Sliding Sash as now offered to the public has with- stood many severe tests which conclusively prove it to be the best sash of this type on the market. \ Y ERTICALLY sliding steel sash is not an inno- In the early stages of vertically sliding sash manu- facture, it was considered necessary for weathering purposes, to have a flat surface contact between the guides and the sliding section of the sash. (See photographs 1 and 3 in accompanying group.) This construction was always open to objections, for if the sliding section fitted close enough to the guides to make the weathering perfect, expansion and contrac- tion of the steel members caused trouble in operation and the sash invariably bound and sometimes rusted together. On the other hand, if sufficient clearance were allowed so that the sash slid easily, the weather- ing was almost sure to be imperfect. FENESTRA Vertically Sliding Sash does not attempt a flat surface weathering but takes care of this impor- tant feature in an entirely different way. The danger of sticking, binding and rusting is eliminated by the use of a channel section with flaring sides (see photo- graphs 2 and 4 in accompanying group) which form a line contact instead of a flat surface contact with the sliding portion of the sash. This flaring channel sec- tion is exclusive in FENESTRA Vertically Sliding Sash and insures easy operation, without danger of rust. Weathering Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash of the most important details of this type of construction. In early models the weathering depended exclusively on a flat surface contact between the channel shaped guides and the sliding section of the sash. This proved unsatisfactory, however, and then came a development in weathering that is most easily shown by the accompanying sketches. Fig. 1. Represents the weathering used on the first types of vertically sliding sash. The direction of the air currents is indicated by the black arrows in the outline sketch. In this type of weathering the air currents took three directions before gaining en- trance to the building. Fig. 2. This type of construction quickly proved superior to the type shown in Figure 1 on account of the fact that the air currents indicated by the arrows 4 i NHE weathering of vertically sliding sash is one in the outline sketch had to take five different direc- tions before entering the building. Fig. 3. Following the improvements shown as Figure 2 came a new type of construction shown in Figure 3 in which the air currents were given seven different directions before entering the building. This is the type of weathering now in general use by most manufacturers of vertically sliding sash. Fig. 4. This type of weathering is an improvement on the type shown as Figure 8, chiefly because of the insertion of an angle attached to the sliding section of the sash and protruding into the center of the channel guides. This, as will be noted by counting the arrows, gives the air currents ten different directions before entrance to the building is obtained. This type of weathering has just been perfected, and is used exclu- » sively on FENESTRA Vertically Sliding Sash. 16-3 Ke. es tr Vertically 3 ost Sliding Sash Interior view of a single unit of counter balanced Fenestra, fifty per cent ventilated type, with iarge glass lights de- signed for use in structures of the office building type. Exterior view of sixty-six per cent ventilated vertically sliding Fenestra, showing small paned single unit. in- stalled in brick. What Are Fenestra Vertically Sliding Counter Balanced Windows? 1—They are solid steel, fire-proof windows that WORK UP AND DOWN just like wooden windows. 2—They weather perfectly by a new system of BAFFLE WEATHERING (see opposite page). 38—They can be easily SCREENED, WASHED AND SHADED (see page 4). 4—They OPERATE EASILY even when newly painted because they have LINE CONTACT (see opposite page), and be- cause the connecting chain passes over ancuIN USUALLY LARGE_ ROUIEER BEARING PULLEY (see page 5). 16-4 Vertically Sliding Sash Mills, Rhines, Bellman &§ Nordhoff, Architects The Willys-Overland Co., Toledo, recently planned several large additions to its plant, using Vertically Sliding Fenestra N THE preceding page you have four good reasons for the popularity of Fenestra Vertically Sliding Windows of the counter balanced type, and there are other good reasons that you will come to in a minute. Do not assume from the foregoing, how- ever, that Fenestra Vertically Slid- ing Sash of the counter balanced type is a distinct improvement on the Horizontally Pivoted type or any of the other designs made by this company. It is not. It has, however, certain advantages by virtue of its method of operation which make it particularly adapt- able to buildings of the better class, and for this type of structure we unhesitatingly recommend it in preference toother Fenestra models. Work Up and Down Simplicity of operation is one of the features of this new Fenestra model which appeals most strongly to those who are interested in office buildings, apartments, banks, schools, hospitals, loft buildings and similar structures. Asamatter of fact, a steel sash that weathers properly and still operates easily is an innovation. It has never ‘“‘been done’”’ before. How it was accomplished by the Detroit Steel Prod- ucts Company’s engineers after a great many other sash manufacturers had failed, is told on page 2. Easy to Screen Fenestra Vertically Slid- ing Windows can be screened at minimum ex- pense and trouble. Screens of either metal or wood are applied directly above and Mills, Rhines, Bellman &§ Nordhoff, below the center fixed unit in the 66% ventilated type, and above and below the meeting rail in the 50% ventilated type. All screens can be installed from the inside of the building, and are readily removed for storage in winter. ELIMI REE APE Albert A. Albrecht Co., Contrs. Albert Kahn, Archite x Vertically Sliding Fenestra in the Cadillac Motor Co. offices The ‘‘ Autolite’’ Building, Toledo, where Vertically Sliding Fenestra is used throughout Architects, Toledo, O. The type of screens contem- plated should be specified, as pro- vision for their attachment can be made in the Fenestra shop better than in the field. Accessible for Cleaning The ease with which Fenestra Vertically Sliding Windows can be washed is a matter that should receive consideration. Every pane of glass can be reached, if not from the inside of the building, at least by standing on the sill. When a vertically sliding unit is flanked by Standard Fenestra, the sliding unit forms a means of egress through which the flanking units can be cleaned on the outside. Shades Operate Easily Vertically Sliding Fenestra offers every facility for shading. Shades attached to the frame, by the usual brackets, operate just as on ordi- nary wooden windows. Construction Details The outside framing is built up of a special 6’’ channel section. The head and sill members of the frame are cut with three pivots at each end. These pivots are inserted in holes at ends of jamb members and riveted over, forming a neat, rigid and unusually durable corner joint (see page 5). The sill member of the frame is set at a slope of 114” to the foot, thus form- ing a drip. A special rolled steel channel guide, with flaring legs, is riveted to the channel framing, and acts 16-5 Vertically Sliding Sash Phantom view of roller bearing pulley at the upper right-hand corner of the Fenestra Counter Balanced sash. This pulley is 27%” in diameter, insuring easy operation. Upper sash when removed from its frame, showing method of at- taching chain. Jamb view of a vertically sliding Fenestra sash, taken out of the frame, showing adjustable attach- ment which takes up slack in the chain and manner in which it is fastened to sliding unit. The lock at the head of the lower sliding unit is similar to the locks used on wood sash. Detail of right-hand jamb ofan unglazed 50% Ventilated Unit. Show- ing meeting rail and method of weathering upper and lower sliding sections in the center of the sash. Round-headed bolts used with plate mullions give the face of the sash a trim and finished appearance. Exceptionally strong framing for the casi sliding unit is accomplished by pivot- Malleable iron handles at the sill of the lower unit ending the joints of the frame like the make operation easy. one shown here. 16-6 Vertically Sliding Sash Bryant § Detwiler, Contractors, Detroit Exterior and interior views of Fenestra 50 light side wall sash in not only as a guide for the sliding units, but also forms a double baffle weathering at head, jambs and sill (see page 2.) The sliding portions of the unit are made of our deep leg ‘'192” steel section, welded at all four corners. The legs fit outside of the flaring guides and a 14’ x 3%” angle is spot welded on the inside of the 192 Section, forming an additional weathering baffle. (See page 2.) Vertical muntins only are used un- less horizontal muntin bars are espe- cially de- sired. Southern Engineering Co., Engineers, Charlotte, N.C. Vertically Sliding Fenestra combined with fixed light side wall sash in the Hay- good Building, Charlotte, N. C. Meeting Rail in 50% Type When 50% ventilated units are specified, the frame contains two sliding sections, the upper one descending as the lower one rises. Between these two sash a ‘‘meeting rail”’ of 192” section is pivot-ended into the jambs of the frame. This acts as a stiffener and also serves to separate the moving portions of the unit nearly an inch and a half. A person lifting the lower sash by placing his hands underneath is protected by this clearance against injury to his knuckles when the upper sash descends. The meeting rail also carries a pressed metal section which over- laps similar sections at the head of the lower sash and at the sill of the upper sash, forming'the weather- ing at the center of the unit. When 66% ventilated units are specified, the frame contains two sliding sections and one fixed sec- tion. Chains Are Adjustable A special chain, which will with- stand 600 pounds load, connects and counter-balances the upper and lower sash units. This chain passes over a roller bearing pulley 27%” in diameter, which is encased in a special cast iron housing. Special adjustable brackets are used to attach the chain to the sash, so that, if need be, it can be removed, replaced, tightened or loosened without disturbing the rest of the window. (See page 5.) Albert Kahn, Architect, Detroit % Ventilated Vertically Sliding Units used in combination with fixed the office building of the Menzie Shoe Co., Detroit Hardware Units up to three feet wide are equipped with a malleable iron handle, tap screwed to the center of the sill of the lower unit. Units over three feet wide are equipped with two handles of the same type. Bronze handles can be supplied at additional cost. A locking device is supplied similar to that commonly used on wood sash. The catch is attached to the head of the lower sliding section while the lock plate is attached to the meeting rail on the 50% ventilated type and to the sill of the fixed section in the 66% ventilated type. Windshields at the Sill Glass windshields to deflect air currents at the sill when the window is open can be fitted to Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash when desired. They are not standard however and hence are supplied only when specified and at addi- tional cost. How to Select the Num- ber and Kind of Units to Fill an Opening ET us suppose, for instance, that a vertically sliding unit is de- sired approximately 7’ high by about 5’ wide. Referring to the table of heights we find that 6’ 1034” is the dimen- sion nearest approaching to 7’, Fw 16-7 Vertically Sliding Sash How to Select the Number and Kind of Units to Fill an Opening enone Table of Sash Widths i Width of Panes: ee | ee yanss 4 ae Sane 6 panes are 634” = = = a = = bX Bl" Panes 107 wide Te 11144” | ay Qi" | BN 814” A! 654" 5/ id Q’ 314” Panes 12”” wide De ig mee ea Ne A ees 8 107314” Panes 14’” wide 2 Ne nO. opel OMA NEOs P20 ON Sen Pee a ie Sa sae Panes 16’’ wide Po Na ele «Io Ses! wi 7 Ca ated: he eee OD WP Ae le oes Ba Keen > ee ee ne and since 6’ 103%” is one of the three dimensions marked * we know instantly that the units must be 50% ventilated. Glancing across at the table of widths we find a dimension of 5’ 0144""._ This can be secured in a sash 4 panes wide, each pane being 14” wide. As the unit height dimension is 6’ 103%’’, each sliding section is approximately 3’ 6” by 5’, or 17 square feet, safely within the 25 square foot limit. If you desire only one glass light to each sliding section you can have it. It is advisable, however, to use heavy glass and glazing angles wherever the area of glass is more than 10 square feet. Combinations of Units When it is desired to combine two or more vertically sliding units in a single bay, the accompanying Table of Overall Dimensions will be found of considerable assistance. Let us suppose that we have a building designed with window openings measuring 18’, and see what units should be selected to fill this opening most economically. Naturally, it is desirable that the same width of glass should be used throughout, and the larger the glass size the less the cost of the unit per square foot. In the Overall Dimensions table, in the column marked 16” glass we find a dimension 17’ 4144”. Column two of the same table shows that such a dimension calls for a com- bination of three units, each 4 panes Table of Recommended Overall Widths INo. of Digits |\Shows No. of Total No. of Units. Size Panes Wide OMMOANOOoOhwnd-e lof each Digit ‘Shows No. of |Panes Wide | 1) 10” Glass eae | Oy. gig" | | 137-1134" | A 934"" | ye 24" hee WAL 16’- 6144” | 16’-11” 18’. 734” 20’- 4144” 22'- 114” | 12” Glass 14” Glass 16” Glass OM 34” Dy 76" | Dario! Oke 3)" oe 974" | AW 314" Ae Ay” Ft Oly” | ie 814” 5/- 454"" (Aye 254" 62 gl4” Vie gle” Sie gle” Sie 23 tr Oe 43" 10 634" 8’-1094"" | 10’- 244” | ,11'- 644” 9/- 234"" | 10’- 684” |911'-1034” 13 Ue hte Ouse haces. LOSE vane Oise 11’- 314” | 12'-1116” | 14’. 714” 12’- 344" 14’. 14%" | 15/-1174” 13’- 474" 15° 474” 17’- 4144” Le aus , SA. a a v1 16’- 534"’ | 187-1134 AOA 20 E6144) 23214 Oya 227 il ae | 21’-1134” | 25’. 384” | These overall dimensions include necessary mullions. Mullions No. 2 or 4 are equally recommended. sions, by 44” for every mullion used. Mullions No. 1, No. 5 and No. 6 are not as a rule recommended. Each mullion is figured as a ‘“‘No. 3,” 134” wide. No. 2 decreases and No. 4 increases the overall dimen - Table of Mullion Widths and Plate Widths Mullion Dimension... Width of Plates. ae No. 1 No. 2 14” By No. 3 134” 344" No. 214 u" 4” 4 No. No. 6 uv « we 234 3y4" 4 1” Pa 16-8 Vertically Fei Te Sliding Sash (A est < < ey BUR ANGLE. ee LSLTS$ AS <4 é > OUT SIOS es 84s DIMEN SON, \ LNG SASH DIIENSLON WOT ONTO SEO ae SHOWING ONE STANORRD SASH AND TEE BAR MULLIONS PENMOVED AND . STANDAKD VERTICAL .SLIDING SASH INSTALLED .- TAL) Za VILLA 2 A a TIAL LAMA LLL Le j SASH DIITE MN SLON WORIZON TAL, SECTION B-B SHOWING STANDARD SASH AND TEE BAR [dutLI0on REIO VED AND OSTAIYDARD VERTICAL SLIDING SASH MYSTALLED AT JAPTB 3S wide. The footnote says that this dimension can be increased one-half inch for each mullion, and in the combination of three 4-light wide units we have two mullions; therefore, we can secure a maximum width of 17’ 514”. If this is not sufficiently close to our 18’ dimen- sion, we will have to try 14” glass, which gives us a dimension of 17’ 9” by using three units, two 5 lights wide and. one 4 lights wide, and this dimen- sion can be increased one inch through the use of two No. 4 mullions—total, 17’ 10”. om If we are obliged to get still closer to 18’ we can use 12” glass, where we get a dimension of 17’ 1014" by using four units, 4 lights wide, with three mul- lions; and this dimension can be increased to 17’ 1134" by using No. 4 mullions. This brings us Suggested Combinations of Vertically Sliding Fenestra Units within a quarter of an inch of the desired dimension. with Units of Standard Horizontally Pivoted Sash Pivoted Sane Pivoted Sliding rivoted Sliding 16-9 Vertically Sliding Sash Hist Combinations of Fenes- tra Vertically Sliding Sash with Standard Side Wall Sash T IS very easy to combine stand- ard Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash units with standard Hori- zontally Pivoted Side Wall Sash. This can be done by following the details on pages 7 and 8. The plate mullion is not used, but an angle section is riveted to the vertically sliding units before they leave our factory. When the sash are in position the leg of this angle is bolted to the leg of the ‘94 section,’ which is the outside mem- ber of the standard side wall sash unit. Where one vertically sliding unit is used between two standard side wall units, a 2’”” x 2” angle is used to join the units. Where two vertically — sliding units are used, one on either side of a standard side wall unit, a 1’’ x 1” angle is used to join the units. In combinations of this character the width and height of the stand- ard side wall units correspond with the width and height of the stand- ard vertically sliding units, so that a unit of vertically sliding sash is interchangeable with a unit of standard side wall sash. This inter- Concrete Steel Construction Co., Contractors Dayton, O Schenck &§ Williams, Architects, Dayton, O. Shuey Factories Building, Springfield, Ohio Note the alignment of the bars of the horizontally pivoted side wall sash on the sides with those of the vertically sliding units in the center changeability makes possible a great many combination bays of very attractive and convenient design and of very moderate cost. The Erection of Vertically Sliding Fenestra HE erection of Fenestra Verti- cally Sliding Counter Balanced Sash is simplicity itself. Each unit is self-contained and ready to place in the building. No unit leaves the Fenestra shop until adjusted complete with the exception of installing the glass and hardware. When two or more units are necessary to fill an open- ing the only extra field labor required is to set the units side by side and bolt the mullion plates into position. If a vertically sliding unit is to be used singly, it leaves the factory with a 1’’x 1” continuous angle attached to the frame all around. This angle can be used either to imbed in concrete or bolt to steel work. Z lugs are sometimes sub- stituted at the sill if the occasion demands. When the sash arrive, all that is necessary is to place them in the opening and block up at the sills, care being taken that the blocks under the windows are placed at the extreme ends of the lower sill bar. Each unit is then plumbed to an exact line, and temporarily fastened at the head. The wires holding the ventilators are then removed and the ventilators oper- ated to see that all working parts are free and clear. It may be found that one corner of the unit is slightly lower than the other and that the ventilator, when it comes to the sill, does not properly seat. If this occurs, it should be corrected at once, by raising or lowering the corner by means of the wedge block. After the ventilator is made to seat properly at the sill, and works easily through the entire length of travel the unit should be securely and permanently fastened at the head. If more than one unit is required in an opening, the mullion plates should next be attached and the brick wall run up (in the case of a brick building) or the jambs pointed up (if the structure is of concrete.) In running up a brick jamb care must be taken that no crowding of the 6’ channel frame is allowed, as otherwise the jamb will take a curved line and cause the sliding ventilators to bind. If it is impossible to prevent the brick- layers from crowding the brick at this point it is advisable to put 2'’ x 2’ wood spacers between the channels and leave these spacers in place until after the brick work is completed. After the jambs are completed it is necessary to again try the ventilators to see that they work properly. If no difficulty is en- countered the concrete sills should then be poured and the opening is ready for glazing. The above instructions should be carefully followed, as we cannot be 16 - 10 Vertically Sliding Sash responsible for the proper working of windows that have been erected out of plumb, or that have been crowded in at the jambs to such an extent that the sliding venti- lators bind at this point. Pour Sills After Erection We recommend in all cases that concrete sills be poured after the erection of the windows. While it is possible to use stone sills and cut them in such a way that a satisfac- tory job of pointing can be made between the steel sill of the window and the stone sill, we believe the method recommended is the better and will be more economical. In case it is absolutely necessary to furnish stone sills the construc- tion of the sill must be such that the 1”x 1’ angle shown at the bottom of the 6’ channel will fit into a groove in the stone, thus forming a proper anchorage against wind-pressures. At least 34"’ should be allowed for pointing between the steel sill of the window and the top of the stone sill. How to Glaze Fenestra Vertically Sliding Units Standard practice calls for glaz- ing with standard clips and putty. In case the glass lights are excep- tionally large, the use of glazing angles at a slight additional cost is recommended. In case glazing angles are used, they should be attached to the interior muntin bars=with: 46°" 6-32" Ro He Mes: and nuts through 3"’ x $5" transfer slots in muntin bars. Attach- ment to the outside bars of the unit will be made with 8-32” machine screws. 14” wire or plate glass is recom- mended in all cases. After the sash have been glazed, the windows should not be operated until the putty has had time to set. The Fenestra Service De- partment Will Be Glad to Assist You Our Service Engineers, whose chief duty is to assist builders in the correct installation of Fenestra products, will be glad at any time to discuss construction details and The perfect alignment between Fenestra side wall sash and Fenestra ver- tically pivoted sash is one of the best arguments for the installation of bays like this one. in a ‘‘close up”’ picture like this. suggest those most suitable for use with Vertically Sliding Sash. This is, of course, without any obliga- tion on the part of the builder. Naturally better service and a more varied window design can be secured if rough sketches of the building are obtainable before plans and specifications are com- pleted. Sometimes the change of a few inches in the window dimensions makes a considerable difference in the appearance of the building and its possibilities for daylight and ventilation. Miscellaneous Information Dimension Points—Dimension points on Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash, counter balanced type, are taken 134” out- side the center line of the ‘‘192”’ section, which is the frame around the sliding units. In general it can be said that the dimension points of the sash are the dimensions of the clear opening taken on the inside of the window. The height of the Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash always corresponds to the height of standard Fenestra sash. Nomenclature—Fenestra Vertically Sliding Sash is designated in general by the symbol “V. S.”’ The first figure following this symbol indicates the number of panes wide; the second figure indicates It is hard to distinguish between the two types even the number of panes high (including all sliding and fixed sections), and the third figure indicates the number of sash or sections employed in making up the complete unit. Thus V.S. 333, indicates a Vertically Sliding Sash, three panes wide, three panes high, with three units employed—evidently a 66% ventilated type, each section being three panes wide by one pane high. Limits—Vertically Sliding Sash are limited in overall height to 12’. An individual sliding or fixed section must not exceed 6’ in width, nor an area of 25 square feet. Shop Drawings—On all jobs calling for Vertically Sliding Sash, shop drawings prepared by our Engineering Depart- ment are absolutely essential. Sufficient time must be allowed for the preparation and approval of these drawings before the manufacture and shipment of material. Brass Guides—Standard constructio" calls for steel guide channels, but when brass guides are specified, they can be furnished at an extra price if extra time is allowed for manufacture. Crating, Shipping and Storing—All Vertically Sliding Sash shipped in less than carload lots are carefully crated to prevent injury during transit. Ordinary care must be exercised in transporting the material from the siding to the build- ing site. For storage at the building site, a level piece of ground should be selected, skids laid and the units stacked on edge. Do not pile one above the other. We cannot be responsible for injuries due to improper methods of handling or storing. Detroit Steel Products Company, Detroit, Michigan 16-11 tr : Vertically LEE Sliding Sash SASH DIMENSION MULLION DIMENSION VARIABLE -FROM JA To 54, i= fies BBA. Bees. = 72 = BEARING PULLEY [3}".9.0 0g oe PrrLVUTeB wae ‘| ys YAY OUTSIDE GALY. CHAIN 2% ROLLER\ : MULLION HORIZONTAL SECTION’ BB" Palle 3) | YD! |. Z| |. Ww) 2 Hs a) tie ) { ) 1 OUTSIDE — [erences] =x] al ia tite ee ; HANDLE paler alate |CA Wie AT LON I“HOLE FoR. GROUT — Details of Fenestra Vertically Sliding Steel Sash VEOmICA SECTION AA Counter Balanced 50% Ventilation 16 - 12 Vertically Sliding Sash SASH DIMENSION oi MULLION DIMENSION VARIABLE FROM "to Sa" SVSVTeVesewes y i ‘ 2?” ROLLER BEARING Sel an Se STesyas cS v7 yo x PS Vi . OUTSIDE HORIZONTAL SECTION BB" z an rae ; ‘GALV. CHAI L H | HHI / ite! : Hl = HH OUTSIDE LATCH i SASH DIMENSION 4 I | | ih LU I | HL a L} | L | i iI —J= = 1 REMOVABLE SECTION => = —— _—* —" Co =I al = L (=a c AS ra 7 eae aan eee T r 2 SLOPE IN 6" TV PICA encele eV ALOIN an DC ware 4 Ae HANOLE WEEP HOLE. R yen ee Details of Fenestra Vertically Sliding Steel Sash Counter Balanced 66% Ventilation SD ANOTE ~ GONCRETTE SIL. 1 14TO BE POURED AFTER 0.57! Py SASH IS ERECTED Ooi c8 VERTICAL SECTION AA Catalog Section No. 16—10m—9-15-16— Evans - Winter-Hebb ee lop oy LOOMIS BREAKER, NANTICOKE, PA. AY ailenlebbeaabiiadaiaaaeeantaialaaipanaiibdaunaaitibsaaiantuctscinanuenmumumenstorneramrnmumon ne Da Uy to the Combustible % @ g & s 8 SOLID STEEL WINDOWS l in Non d ] 3 Ss < ¥ S S Bradford Sampson, Engineer ONTRAST the early types of coal breakers, with their gloomy interiors, practically devoid of fresh air, with the new Loomis Breaker of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railway near Nanticoke, Pa. Some difference! and most of it due to the installation of Fenestra Steel Windows. In the old style breaker the lack of light was an accepted thing. Fresh air, except perhaps that fur- nished by a blower system, was un- known. It was a treat to work near a window. But with the coming of Fenestra, daylight became universal, and to- THE LOOMIS BREAKER, NANTICOKE, PA. Twenty-two thousand panes of glass make the interior of this building as light as day. Building Daylight Into The Coal Breaker day darkness and gloom are no more a part of the modern breaker than they are of the modern factory. The Loomis Breaker illustrates the strides that have been made in the construction of this type of building. From the top of the concrete coal pockets to the peak of the roof, this magnificent structure of the Lacka- wanna interests is composed en- tirely of glass and steel. Its wall area is 93.5% “‘daylight.”’ It is enclosed by Fenestra sash, thoroughly ventilated and contain- ing 22,000 panes of 13” x 24” wire glass, %” thick. In other respects as well, it is the last word in breaker construction. THE REASON WHY Why did the Lackawanna Rail- road build such a breaker as this? Why use such a huge amount of “window wall” in its construction? The answer is one of efficiency. The use of Fenestra gives to the Loomis Breaker: Abundant daylighting, Thorough Ventilation, Reduced Insurance, Increased Production, Absolute Fire-Protection, Low Cost of Up-Keep. .)! x) Bw PEN G “DAY LUG HT INTO PEee: CoOra L BREAKER 3 Contrast this picture with the one on the opposite page. Notice how dark this interior is as compared to the other. Imagine the difference in air and light that enters these two breakers. DAYLIGHT ADVANTAGES A glance inside shows instantly what abundant daylighting brings to the Loomis Breaker. Instead of a shadowy tower pierced here and there by small con- ventional windows, mere “holes in a wall,” the Loomis Breaker is flooded with clear, white daylight. Fenestra window walls enable the workers to increase their production and better the quality of their work. Fast, clean picking is the result. Fenestra cuts down overhead costs as well; In the ordinary breaker electric lights burn all day long, while in the Fenestrated Loomis Breaker no lights are needed within before they are needed with- out. The daylight environment reacts favorably upon the employees. The breaker-boy is no longer weary- eyed and sickly, due to lack of light and air. Working in the daylight is a tonic that makes healthy, vigorous employees—just the kind the Lackawanna wants. EASY HEATING Most persons have an idea that a huge glass structure like the Loomis Breaker is hard to heat, but facts do not bear out this theory. A large area of glass does not necessarily imply great heating difh- culties. To heat a building, even a glass building, is not difficult if there are no leaks to let cold air in and warm airout. Fenestra double, flat-contact weathering around the ventilators effectually prevents leaks. FIRE PROTECTION While the isolated position of the Lackawanna breaker has reduced the fire risk considerably, the ofh- cials of the road were determined to avoid all chances. They made the frame of the building of steel and concrete; and they added to their protection by using Fenestra. These window walls form a dead line against fire. Fenestra sash made of interlocked solid steel bars with extra strength at the point of intersection are particularly adapted to breaker con- struction. ‘The throbbing and vi- bration of heavy machinery, the stresses and strains of wind pressure merely offer additional arguments for the use of this material. OTHER INSTALLATIONS While the Loomis Breaker is perhaps the largest coal breaker in which steel sash have been used, it is by no means the only one. Another notable example of this “daylighted construction” is the breaker of the Lehigh Valley Rail- road, designed by Engineer Paul Sterling. This building constructed several years ago contains all the advantages of this modern method of building. The Lackawanna is at present building the Woodward Breaker at Kingston, Pa., which will contain approximately 48,263 square feet of steel sash. Note the large expanse of glass—93.5% of the wall area of the Loomis Breaker is Fenestra. 3 BUILDING DAYLIGHT INTO THE COAL BREAKER GA Pahe Ge a Ce TS Vl am Ciscitn4 We Nes BARR RGR 2ReeRe Ra eeees 0 Og a a a : Ty TOT 4 SSeS EN ee DA@ARU Rea NG ERAS Panss Ad S057 70002700 B08 OB70N 8 LY N Ly 2 ise ae On. Be 22 ae ra dkaleuse f PTO er 1 G00 00058 SCEPREPLICNG Pet CRN IL BBE? 30 aa iS a Oa 0 ae Be be BG me | | The larger cut is taken from an architect’s drawing and shows the Loomis Coal Breaker, as designed by Engineer Bradford Sampson. The small photo- graph shows the Fenestrated coal breaker of the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., designed by Engineer Paul Sterling. DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY 22:50 EB AiS:T- GRAIN DoB ORULEV AR D DiEPT RR Ore a) Mal iG Coal Breaker 10m 7-16 T-S Co, hike Dy to the Ci ombustible Se (o) & | v s S in SOLID STEEL WINDOWS Non A ildi 3 Ss x a S S modes as Bradford Sampson, Engineer iano i Z it pees BRADFORD SAMPSON, Engineer ONTRAST the early types of coal breakers, with their gloomy interiors, practically devoid of fresh air, with the new Loomis Breaker of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railway near Nanticoke, Pa. Some difference! and most of it due to the installation of Fenestra Steel Windows. In the old style breaker the lack of light was an accepted thing. Fresh air, except perhaps that fur- nished by a blower system, was un- known. It was a treat to work near a window. But with the coming of Fenestra, daylight became universal, and to- THE LOOMIS BREAKER, NANTICOKE, PA. Twenty-two thousand panes of glass make the interior of this building as light as day. Building Daylight Into The Coal Breaker day darkness and gloom are no more a part of the modern breaker than they are of the modern factory. The Loomis Breaker illustrates the strides that have been made in the construction of this type of building. From the top of the concrete coal pockets to the peak of the roof, this magnificent structure of the Lacka- wanna interests is composed en- tirely of glass and steel. Its wall area is 93.5% “daylight.” It is enclosed by Fenestra sash, thoroughly ventilated and contain- ing 22,000 panes of 13” x 24” wire glass, 144” thick. In other respects as well, it is the last word in breaker construction. THE REASON WHY Why did the Lackawanna Rail- road build such a breaker as this? Why use such a huge amount of ‘window wall” in its construction? The answer is one of efficiency. The use of Fenestra gives to the Loomis Breaker: Abundant daylighting, Thorough Ventilation, Reduced Insurance, Increased Production, Absolute Fire-Protection, Low Cost of Up-Keep. i) BUILDING DAY PGi T Nik Cie s COAL BREAKER 3 Gay Wee a = Contrast this picture with the one on the opposite page. Imagine the difference in air and light that enters these is as compared to the other. two breakers. DAYLIGHT ADVANTAGES A glance inside shows instantly what abundant daylighting brings to the Loomis Breaker. Instead of a shadowy tower pierced here and there by small con- ventional windows, mere “‘holes in a wall,” the Loomis Breaker is flooded with clear, white daylight. Fenestra window walls enable the workers to increase their production andy) petter wthe «duality of “their work. Fast, clean picking is the result. Fenestra cuts down overhead costs as well. In the ordinary breaker electric lights burn all day long, while in the Fenestrated Loomis Breaker no lights are needed within before they are needed with- out. The daylight environment reacts favorably upon the employees. The breaker-boy is no longer weary- eyed and sickly, due to lack of light and air. Working in the daylight is a tonic that makes healthy, vigorous employees—just the kind the Lackawanna wants. EASY HEATING Most persons have an idea that a huge glass structure like the Loomis Breaker is hard to heat, but facts do not bear out this theory. EAS Notice how dark this interior A large area of glass does not necessarily imply great heating diffi- culties. To heat a building, even a glass building, is not difficult if there are no leaks to let cold air in and warm airout. Fenestra double, flat-contact weathering around the ventilators effectually prevents leaks. FIRE PROTECTION While the isolated position of the Lackawanna breaker has reduced the fire risk considerably, the off- cials of the road were determined to avoid all chances. They made the frame of the building of steel and concrete; and they added to their protection by using Fenestra. These window walls form a dead line against fire. Fenestra sash made of interlocked solid steel bars with extra strength at the point of intersection are particularly adapted to breaker con- struction. The throbbing and vi- bration of heavy machinery, the stresses and strains of wind pressure merely offer additional arguments for the use of this material. OTHER INSTALLATIONS While the Loomis Breaker is perhaps the largest coal breaker in which steel sash have been used, it is by no means the only one. Another notable example of this “daylighted construction” is the breaker of the Lehigh Valley Rail- road, designed by Engineer Paul Sterling. This building constructed several years ago contains all the advantages of this modern method of building. The Lackawanna is at present building the Woodward Breaker at Kingston, Pa., which will contain approximately 48,263 square feet of steel sash. Note the large expanse of glass—93.5% of the wall area of the Loomis Breaker is Fenestra. es! 2 | < BUILDING DAYLIGHT INTO THE COAL BREAKER ‘ie PiesEs 5 (yy Uae aad } Le \ Lie sett cade tal el | Sct tii ot niet OGEE see SABES 4uSeea rR Oo in Ghai Beant anna Caa: aa or bee a A | aa es an ‘ ica Ht bts EEE Peed eae Phbeladael a cctin ead UMES UUPREED IS teen oeei Eel eigeals 108 Ray is an n Hunn AGREES eae CI 2 aoeaeet or LR cers es Lo MTEC ENCINITAS at Aen HESS ae avess LONE ee 1 PEE REE TT Bees Hanns or suanilal muuARA H | oan PSEE>~ baa The larger cut is taken from an architect’s drawing and shows the Loomis Coal Breaker, as designed by Engineer Bradford Sampson. The small photo- graph shows the Fenestrated coal breaker of the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., designed by Engineer Paul Sterling. DETROIT STEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY 250 EAST GRAND BOULEVARD DETROIT, MICHIGAN Coal Breaker 10m 7-16 T-S Co. SF SS SN LE SAE I I SI TES NS a SESE as Rota Se eee se ena Sa San ease eae See AHA SENS SNR CI i ese CN iE ee PSE Aa er ee ise- ndows CATON TO AIAN eras tT 8 Ra eh i Fe BNT EE esi Peas o O > 12) < C < is d Steel W SSE TIGNES e BO Seted ae ey Sa Dreeze icin >> & 1@, x 2, © ae © es OU ce) O = ue my Ent Every Modern Laundry ment for Fenestra Sol ESI TS ES EGS EE SE PRP Se SR AES ~— — Nest PATENTED SERVICE QUALITY CHARLES 6 LEEPER Sec TREAD & MER ms mums 0/207 40% BiRMINGHA PHONES 377-378 petro it steel products COs petroits Us Se Re Dear Sirs:~ You may b® interested in knowing how satis~ jth your fenestra golid steex windows a© fied we are W installed in our Acme y,aundry we intended e the ordinary wooden windows new Laundty pecas i + know that penestra solid steel Wind ows competed > jy with wood asi. When we investigated the cost of the two we decided in favor of fenestrée tow cost and the meny attendant : gavantages make Fenestra gecidely more desirable. we claim gnat we have the finest jaundry 14 wd i pright, £resn, airy 9 the average? laundry % intervals in in our the Southern jnterior it is 4 strange contrast t The yentilators placed at convenien sash ke6p the interior free from steame we get plenty of fresh air but no draft. It is & pieasure to work in such @ puildinge recommend the encs we can 11 idundry From actual experi in a nestra solid steel wind o¥S use of Fe puildings- yours very truly, Acme Laundr COce Mana gers Acme Laundry cme nd Birmingham, Ala. Joy Marri ; ie mS Co., Architects Chas. W. H has. W. Hall Birmingham I Ras 0) ne <4 Secretary Chidsey of the Banner Laundering Co., a general view of the work room and an ex- terior view of the building Enticing a Breeze Through a Laundry HEN Secretary C. A. Chid- y y sey, of the Banner Launder- ing (Co-,-9 Detroit, Os Kad the plans and specifications for the company’s new building, complex theories about air currents were about the last thing he had in mind. Mr. Chidsey had to solve the practical difficulty of building a laundry and operating it at the same time. To do this, he built four walls and a roof completely outside of the building which the company then occupied; then when the new building wascompleted, he toredown the old one, moved a few benches and mangles and the Job was done. Itisnot thisunusual method of con- structing a laundry that we care to elaborate, but the results of it—for Banner Laundry building because it was so peculiarly erected is espe- cially fitted to laundering purposes. And here is where the afore- mentioned air currents come in. Two Problems of Ventilation There are two main ventilating problems that interest the builders of a modern, up-to-date laundry. 1—How to remove the steam and heat generated by the washers and the mangles during the summer. 2—How to get sufficient hght for markers, ironers, assemblers and checkers during the winter. Mr. Chidsey solved both these — problems at once. He placed the ceiling of his work room two stories Getting air through a building is like getting air through a stove. Make your exit high and your intake low. Ventilators placed like those shown at the left of the drawing give ventila- tion like that secured through the stove on the right. (approximately 25 feet) above the floor—and—he installed Fenestra Solid Steel Window Walls. Now the theory of ventilation isn’t nearly so complicated as it first appears. Ventilating a laun- dry is considerably like getting a draft through a stove, and as everyone knows about stoves, let’s consider a successful stove and see how it develops the suc- cessful laundry. The problem in a stove is to take off the gas and smoke and heated air and circulate other air through it to make the fire burn. To do this we build a chimney, be- cause it is a fundamental fact in physics that the speed of hot air in rising is in proportion to the height of the exit above the intake. Also, we open the “draft’’ door below the grates to let fresh air in, be- cause anyone can see that to make the air move as far as possible, we must have its intake as far as pos- sible from its exit. All right, then—consider the movement of air in a laundry. It 4 furnishes exactly the same problem. We wish to remove the heated air and soapy odor and leave the work room comfortable and fresh. What do we do? Why, make the ceiling as high as possible, place the aper- tures through which hot air exits as near the ceiling as_ possible, place the apertures through which the fresh air enters as near the floor as possible. And what is the result? Manager C. H. Wheeler of the Banner Laundry says that although the summer succeeding the erection of their building was the hottest they had ever experienced, they didn’t use an electric fan in any part of the work room. Moreover, the loss of employees, which is particularly large in laundries during the sum- mer, was less during this super- heated season than it had ever been before. “The girls seemed contented; they wanted to stay,” says Mr. Wheeler. Like an echo of this statement comes a letter from Manager C. 8S. Leeper of the Acme Laundry Com- pany of Birmingham, Ala. (If you have ever been in Birmingham you know how hot it can get down there.) “We get lots of fresh air but no drafts,”’ is pre- cisely the way Mr. Lee- per puts iS SOs employ- ees find comfort in work- img in Siucethe a build - ing!” (Guarantee Construction Co., Contrs., New York No spotted collars get past this “‘inspectress.”” She is assisted in her work by Fenestra Solid Steel Windows The Saving Secured Through Better Light UST how great a saving is ef- fected in laundries by additional daylight secured through Fen- estra Window Walls is hard to measure, but every user of Fenestra will testify that there IS a saving. A portion of it can be traced through decreased bills for electric lighting, but a far larger saving is secured through the increased speed and accuracy of employees. Imagine the girls who sort freshly ironed clothes and assemble the various bundles by means of inconspicuouslaundry marks. One oa ia Ga PO tb) handles such Springfield Coat, Apron and Towel Supply Co., Springfield, Mass. work exclusively estimates that she can do 25% more by having her sorting racks near a bay of Fenestra solid steel windows. “The natural light doesn’t tire the eyes; there’s no glare, and yet the racks are so well lighted that it’s easy to see the marks,” she says. “T find I can work faster, and don’t make near so many mistakes.” Light, too, is a tremendous factor in accident prevention. Scientific investigations covering a_ large number of manufacturing plants have proved that accidents greatly increase after nightfall, and that there is a larger number of accidents during the dark days of winter than during the bright days of summer. “The well lighted work place is the safest work place,’ said the National Founders Association in a recent Safety Bulletin. ‘It should always be the aim both through proper building construction and through continuing cleanliness to admit ample daylight into the work- shop during the working period.”’ And these words apply with equal forcefulness to the laundry. The safe laundry is the well lighted one. The use of Fenestra floods the in- terior of the building with daylight, thus eliminating dark shadows about the machines and reducing the chances of injured fingers and arms. Burns are largely avoided where the girls at the irons and the man- gles work in comfort in a room that is free from shadow. « fenestra PATENTEO Fenestra is Insurance Against Accident Kees & Colburn, Ar chitects, Minneapolis Spoilage! How many times has the ex- cuse been made: “I didn’t see it was scorched.” Every time that happens it means real money out of the cash drawer, and maybe a dis- gruntled customer to boot. How many times does the flat work go out poorly folded because the girl couldn’t see very well and didn’t get the edges just even? How many stains that might have been taken out of the table linen “get by” be- cause the inspector ‘‘didn’t see them’? How many men with 16%” necks are made angry be- cause they get a package of No. 14 collars on Saturday night when the girls are tired and “mix the laundry marks’’? Light pays! It reduces waste and keeps errors at a minimum. Elson-Williams : Construction Co., Contrs. Interior of the Troy Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. ‘ ; OU can go as far as you like on ‘Fenestra’ and sign my name.” That’s what Manager Frank Kelley of the Troy Laundry Com- pany, Minneapolis, wrote us when we asked him how he liked his new building. Manager Kelley’s enthu- slasm was aroused The Custom Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. because with one exception the Troy Laundry has the lowest com- pensation insurance rate in the United States. The Troy Laundry Company pays only $1.11 per hundred dol- lars of its payroll. The nearest approach to this in Minnesota is a small laundry which is paying $1.29. The average rate is about $1.45 to $1.50, the base rate for this class of risk being $1.90. Mr. Kelley says: “The two items which secured us this rate were the large amount of light which came through the Fenestra Window Walls, combined with the use of ribbed glass. This type of glass, by preventing the worker from gazing out of the window and letting his eyes wander away from his work, lessens the risk of his getting caught in the machinery.” “Built-In” Protection Against Fire Losses N addition to accident |! prevention, there is the prevention of fire: “We know that Fen- estra has played an important part in re- ducing our fire risk,” writes the manager of a well known Detroit laundry. “Ourdry cleaning de- partment passed a very favorable inspection under the city ordi- nance governing this line of business.” Solid steel bars, framing panes of wire glass, form a dead line against fire that is recognized by the in- surance companies. Certain types of Fenestra sash designed for extra hazardous positions even carry the Underwriters’ label. Dozens of letters are in our files testifying to the value of Fenestra as a fire retardant. One such comes from the Beilstein Laundry in Sandusky, Ohio. Just across a twelve-foot alley, next door to the Beilstein Laundry, there used to be a large brick garage housing upward of forty . : Geo. W. Graves, Architect Alfred Schnurr, Contractor Beilstein Laundry, Sandusky, Ohio (on the right) g 4 Z % aA Bs Uh, VWs MG, am i , é e g e By ee ees ae as bt itt motor cars and trucks. One day the garage took fire. Gasoline tanks exploded. The walls fell out. The roof fell in. The entire building was wrecked. A sheet of flame leaped the alley and billowed against the windows and walls of the laundry. Bricks from the garage were hurled against the laundry windows. Natur- ally some glass was broken, but the steel bars were not affected. The fire did not get through, and after the conflagration a few minutes work made the laundry as good as new. It is only natural that the owners wrote us that: “After such an ex- Dry Cleaning Department of the Banner Laundering Co., Detroit help have perience” they “certainly felt grateful to Fenestra.” Sunshine Makes Good Advertising Since sunshine is rec- ognized as one of the greatest cleaners, it is but natural that many Fen- estrated Laundries should use their steel sash as a compelling advertising feature. Out in Omaha, the Evans Model Laundry is known as the ‘Daylight Laundry, ’’ because its walls contain 3,325 square feet of Fenestra Windows. In Minneapolis the “Sunlight Laundry” is capitaliz- ing some 7,190 square feet of Fenestra. It is not uncommon either to use Fenestra as typical of the excellent working conditions which surround the employee. Arguments of this kind, used in advertisements for brought remarkable results. What is the Real Cost of a Window? Many laundry owners have an idea that the initial cost of Fenestra Whitehead &8 Kales, Contractors € a Villadsen Brothers, Engineers and Contractors makes it almost prohibitive. This is decidedly not the case. Fenestra is sometimes a little more expensive than wood sash— sometimes—not always. The price depends very largely on the design of the building and the types of sash desired. Mr. Leeper, of Bir- mingham, was pleasurably — sur- prised at the low cost of Fenestra. He writes: “We intended to use ordinary wood windows in our new laun- dry, because we did not know that the cost of Fenestra Solid Steel Windows compared favor- ably with that of wood sash. “When we investigated we decided in favor of Fenestra. Low cost and the many other advantages made Fenestra de- cidedly more desirable.” But after all, initial cost is not nearly so important as total cost. A little greater outlay at the start is more than offset by the savings effected in a single year’s time. Fenestra is an investment in future economy. Think of the in- creased efficiency, the decrease want The American Linen Supply Company, Salt Lake City, Utah Fenestra windows throw plenty of light on the mangles in this laundry. Every employee can do a good clean job of ironing without decreasing production Note how light and pleasant these rooms have been made through the use of big window area and Fenestra solid steel partitions 8 in spoilage, the protection against fire, and the advantage of re- taining satisfied and experienced employees. Considered in the light of such fundamental economies, a slightly increased cost becomes a business opportunity which yields big re- turns on every dollar invested. ‘*Preferred Stock’’ Types are Best Certain types and sizes of Fen- estra are manufactured in quantity and carried in stock for quick ship- ment. On these types we are able to give special prices, and you will be surprised to find how many steel sash you can buy for a compara- tively small amount of money. If you care for this list we will be glad to send it, free. Ask for the “List of Fenestra Preferred Stock Units.” Heppel &F Bellas, Architects B. J. Jabst, Contractor Evans Model Laundry, Omaha, Nebr. This daylight laundry has 3325 square feet of Fenestra C.H. Wray, Architect J. H. Wise, Contractor Arthur Anderson Laundry, St. Louis, Mo. This is only one of several Fenestrated buildings owned by this laundry Bertrand 3 Chamberlin, Architects 7190 square feet of Fenestra were installed in this laundry. Elson-Williams Construction Co., Contrs. The Nevens Company, Minneapolis, Minn. It is one of the largest in Minneapolis Some Fenestrated Laundries Hiller Rough Dry Laundry, Arlington, N. J. Billings Laundry, Billings, Mont. Acme Laundry, Birmingham, Ala. Davis Laundry, Cleveland, Ohio. White Laundry, Cleveland, Ohio. McKnight Laundry, Dayton, Ohio. Banner Laundry, Detroit, Mich. Hoskins Laundry, Detroit, Mich. LaMeasure Bros. L’dy, Detroit, Mich. Palace Model Laundry, Detroit, Mich. Paris Laundry, Detroit, Mich. Trojan Laundry, Detroit, Mich. American Laundry, Grand Rapids, Mich. Baxter Laundry, Grand Rapids, Mich. Washington County Hospital Laundry, Hagerstown, Md. Harrisburg Laundry, Harrisburg, Pa. Grahams Domestic L’dy, Kansas City, Missouri. Eureka Steam Laundry, Liberal, Kan. Peerless Laundry, Los Angeles, Cal. Custom Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. Kronicks Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. Nevens Laundry, Minneapolis, Minn. Hartman Laundry, Nashville, Tenn. Ideal Laundry, Nashville, Tenn. N. Y. Linen Supply & Laundry, New York, N. Y. Stafford Laundry, Petersburg, Va. West Side Laundry, Racine, Wis. Model Laundry, Salt Lake, Utah. E. W. Laundry, Savannah, Ga. W. O. Davis Laundry, South Bend, Ind. Arthur Anderson Laundry, St. Louis, Mo. Parrish Laundry, St. Louis, Mo. Laundry — St. Vincent’s Hospital, Toledo, Ohio. State Hospital Laundry, Toledo, Ohio. M. J. Quinn and G. L. Pfluke Laundry, Utica, New York. Laundry at Institute of Feeble Minded, Williamantic, Conn. Detroit Steel Products Company 2250 East Grand Boulevard “‘Where Most of America’s Steel Windows are Made’ Detroit, Michigan ’