TRADE MARK THE uestion of Water AND THE OU ean read this book from cover to cover in about one hour. Jt as worth your while for the in- Jormation it contains alone. MANUFACTURED BY THE Main Office and Factory, Decatur, Mlinois, U.S. A. Eastern Division, 15 William St., New York City. Branches in Principal Cities. 187 Copyright, 1910, by the Leader Iron Works. Gah, Mf pref. 243 Sq prajos uaeq sey awmioy AJ}ZUNOD sty} UI Ja}yeM Jo UOT}sonb su, ATURALLY, the first thing you want to know about the feader. lite. System, is the principle by which it operates. Briefly a fader iter. System, consists of one or more heavy air- tight cylindrical steel tanks, and a special type of pump, arranged to be operated by hand or power. Water cannot be compressed, but air is elastic and can be com- pressed into smaller space. When a pneumatic tank is spoken of as empty, it is not strictly empty, but is full of air. Near the bottom of each tank are ‘two openings, one being an inlet pipe from the pump and the other an outlet pipe to supply plumbing fixtures, hydrants, ete. When the outlet pipe is closed, and water is pumped into the tank through the inlet pipe, the air already in the tank, being elastic, and having no way to escape, is compressed into smaller space in the upper part of the tank, the water occupying the lower part. As additional water is pumped in, and rises in the tank, the air is compressed more and more. On account of its elasticity and its effort to regain its usual form, it begins to exert a pressure against the sides of the tank and the water below it. The pressure of the air increases rapidly as more water is pumped into the tank, so that when a faucet or other fixture connected with the discharge pipe is opened, the water is forced out through the fixture with the compressed air in the tank behind it as its propelling force. This is the principle on which the flader Water System, is constructed. It is as old as the hills — its application is simplicity itself. DER WATER SYSTEM with tank half LEADER WATER SYSTEM with tank Reale and half full of water. Pressure 15 three-fourths full of water. Pressure 45 pounds to the square inch. pounds. The same air but more compressed. The first thing — the bzg idea that will impress you when you come to know more about the fader Water System, — is its absolute simplicity of operation. The part that compressed air plays — the ease with which it wipes out the drudgeries of water-carrying in homes, farms, country estates, and institutions; the heavy, air-tight cylindrical steel tank, a special type of pump or compressor, operated either by hand or power —and other features here pointed out, will astonish you in their marvelous effectiveness. Yet the principle is not new. You will wonder why it has not been made use of in this way before. You will wonder why unreliable house-top tanks, gravity systems and almost primitive water-carrying methods have been tolerated so long. And when you learn just how compressed air in connection with the /feader /fater SViLemM, is so easy to put to practical, every day use in your home or on your place, you will not be satisfied with anything else. Why the Seeder Pater System, is Reliable. The pneumatic steel tank of any feader fate. System, may be placed in the basement of the dwelling, in a separate building, or buried in the ground at any conyenient point. The main thing is to place it where there is no danger of freez- img. “The smaller sizes are designed to set upright, or can be had to lay horizontally. It is not necessary to place the tank close to the pump, as the line of pipe connecting the pump and the tank may be as long as desired. Likewise, the tank need not be located in or close to the dwelling, if it is advisable to place it at a distance. The pumps ordinarily required for use with fader Yaater Systems, are force pumps of a special pattern. However, you may already have a pump that would answer the purpose and save you some money. If so, make a note of this on the information blank which you return to us. Inasmuch as there is a great variation in depths of wells, and in the distance from spring, lake or river or other source of supply, it is necessary for us to have definite information on these points, in order to decide what pump is best adapted to the con- ditions. Different types of pumps are used, depending upon the depth to water, the quantity required, and especially the kind of power to be used in operating. In practice it is found advisable to pump into the tank some excess air, to exert additional pressure so that it may be possible to force all of the water out of the tank to the second floor of a dwelling. Of course this excess air is not altogether necessary and the amount may vary. It simply makes it possible to secure water under satisfac- tory pressure when the supply in the tank is low. To offset a slight absorption of the compressed air by the water in the tank, it is desirable from time to time to pump into the tank a small amount of air to replace this loss. feader Water Systems, are designed to make this pumping of extra air as nearly automatic as possible. The smaller outfits have pumps equipped with air compressor attachments which pump air with the water when desired. The larger outfits have separate air compressors arranged to be available when needed. Under normal conditions it is only necessary to pump additional air into the tank about once a month. These precautions to supply air should not be understood to mean that it is neces- sary to pump air in order to force the water out of the tank. Ordinarily, when full the tank will contain about one-third air and two-thirds water. Only a very small quantity of air is pumped at any one time, simply to replace any that may be lost by absorption from time to time. You will readily appreciate that pumping air in order to force the water through pipes is a very costly proposition and is not the method in use with a flader Ye. System. UTFIT FIGURE 116-E is an ideal outfit for a small home where only a reasonable amount of water is used daily, and where it is desired to use ahand pump. It may be installed in the basement and the water pumped from a well or cistern where the level of the water is not more than 20 feet below the pump. Tank is 30 inches in diameter by 6 feet in height, and has a total capacity of 220 gallons and a working capacity of 160 gallons. It will require about 30 minutes to pump the tank up to its working capac- ity and should require but a few minutes each day to keep up the supply. Tank can also be had to lay horizontally. About Zeer Pneumatic Tanks It is readily seen that in order to get perfect results from such a system of water supply, great care must be taken that the tank in which both air and water are confined is absolutely air-tight, and so constructed that it will remain air-tight always. feader. pneumatic tanks are cylindrical in shape. They are made of the very best tank steel that money can buy. The heads are made of flange steel having a tensile strength of 60,000 pounds to the square inch. The steel used on /éader tanks is much heavier than is actually required to confine the air and water under high pressure. For’ instance, on the smallest #2ader tank made, which is 24 inches in diameter and 5 feet high, the shell is made of steel ;*5 inch thick and the heads are | inch. The rivets are very closely spaced, there be- ing a double row on the longitudinal seams, and all seams are very carefully caulked. On a popular size feader tank, 48 inches by 10 feet, which has a total capacity of 1,000 gallons, the shell is made of }-inch steel and the heads of 3-inch. This makes a stiff, heavily built tank which will stand hard usage, and will not leak air under high pressure. All feader pneumatic tanks are tested to an air and water pressure of 125 pounds to the square inch, which is much more than is ever used in daily practice. Every tank is very carefully inspected after each operation in its manufacture, and all imperfect work is discarded. When a #éader pneumatic tank leaves our factory it is as nearly perfect as special hydraulic machinery and human ingenuity can make it. Notice the large heavy rivets and their close spacing, the solidly riveted girth seams and the general air of business about this tank. Galvanized Tanks. The regular Zéader pneumatic tanks furnished by us are manufactured from black steel plate. These are found to be perfectly satisfactory except in some localities where the chemical action of the water is such as to cause the deposit of scale and rust inside the tank. In such cases we are prepared to furnish feader pneumatic tanks galvanized inside and out in any size up to six feet in diameter and any length. The galvanizing will positively prevent any trouble of this kind and will insure the cleanliness of the water if it is clean when pumped into the tank. The cost of the galvanized tank is but little more than that of the regular style and if any doubt exists as to the condition of the water, it would be safer to specify a gal- vanized tank. Complete Outfits For All Requirements. Throughout this book are shown fader fYater Systems, designed to work under various conditions. Outfits are furnished to be operated by hand, gas, gasoline, steam or hot air engine, hydraulic ram, windmill, or any other style of power desired. For the smallest cottage as well as for the largest institution there is a suitable size. Plants large enough for village and town waterworks can also be furnished. Information on public service plants of this character will be given on application. While the outfits shown herewith are complete and arranged for specific uses, they are naturally largely suggestive. Vari- ations of these are constantly being built to fit local conditions. Larger or smaller tanks designed for different forms of power and various changes in the pumps will be made when deemed advisable. A system can be furnished to use such engine, motor or windmill as you may already own, and often the pump you are now using can be utilized. When you fill out our information blank you thereby give us data which enables us to recommend an outfit exactly suited to your individual requirements, and this obligates you in no way to buy. 7 UTFIL FIGURE 127-E. is a very popular one of its class, being design- : ed to pump from a shallow well or eistern. The tank is equipped with our new Leader Automatic Air Regulator, which makes it possible to maintain the proper amount of air in the tank at all times without extra attention. Should more air be needed in the tank this device automatically opens the air compressor attachment .on the pump, which then pumps air with the water until the supply in the tank is again normal. The tank shown is 30 inches in diameter and 8 feet long, having a total capacity of 295 gallons and a working capacity of 220 gallons. A short time ago a gentleman at Baltimore wrote to Mr. J.P. Goodhart, New Haven, Conn., the owner of the beautiful summer home shown herewith, asking for his experi- ence with the LEADER WATER SYSTEM. Among other thing she says: “This is my third year’s experience since the installation of the plant in my summer home. When the system was first proposed to me, I had some misgivings as to its efficacy, but I must candidly say that as a result of my experience I have absolutely no longer any doubt as to its efficiency and value. From the time of its installation until now I have never had one minute’s trouble with it in any respect whatsoever, and when attention is called to the fact that it is in actual, almost daily use for a period of between six and seven months in each year the record is indeed one attesting the great value of the LEADER SYSTEM. I attribute its success somewhat to the fact that the theory of its operation is- very simple and because it requires very little personal attention.” highest skill and brains of trained men. To design and build a water system that will always give satisfaction demands _ the The engineering department is therefore one of the most vital features of our organ- ization, under the direct, personal charge of the president of the company. It is further augmented by men of wide, practical experience. Every new device or improvement on an old one is accordingly first thoroughly tested and proven under all conditions before We then know that it will work — give satisfac- being made a part of our equipment. tion — and is worthy of our endorsement. In cases where any regular outfit will not exactly fit the specific requirements or satisfac- torily overcome your water supply problems, the engineering department will design an out- For this‘work or for preliminary sketches and ad- fit that will do so under all conditions. vice of this character — there is absolutely no charge. Even though you should purchase a feader. fitter. System, through your local dealer, you should fill in the information blank and ask us to recommend the outfit best suited for your use. Mr. C. G. Clark, Westtown, N. Y., whose home is shown here, says: “One of the most satisfactory arrange- ments we have is your LEADER WATER SYSTEM. We have been using it now for over a year and have always had plenty of water, and the cost so far for gasoline has been Jess than four dollars. This seems almost incredible, considering the amount of water we have used at the house, besides supplying barn with water for two horses, a pony, acetylene plant, washing wagons, also sprinkling lawn, etc., etc.” The Seadex Trade Mark. In all probability you have by this time become familiar with the trade mark of the Leader Yon fforks,. Trade Mark Registered. This word fader, in the style in which it is used, is registered in the United States Patent Office, and stands for the very highest quality that is possible to put into the articles on which it appears. It will be found on every fader pneumatic tank, in gold, accompanied by the name and address: Seade Lronlirka, Decatur, Il. Should you be offered a pneumatic water system without this trade mark on the tank, it is not a genuine fader Hater System. The fact that the trade mark and name and address of the manufacturers are so prominent is a safeguard to the user — it shows that the manufacturers are not ashamed of their product. When in addition to this you have read carefully the uarantee on this page, you will see that in fo) v purchasing a feader lite. System, you are taking no chances that it is in the power of the manufacturers to prevent. Please note that there is no time limit to our guarantee. feader ater Systems, are built to last as long as the building in which they are installed. Guarantee. We guarantee each and everycom- plete Lader ater. System, to be of the best material and workmanship; that the tank has been tested with air and water pressure of 125 pounds to the square inch, and that it is absolutely air-tight when it leaves our factory. If any outfit or part should prove de- fective, after being installed in accord- ance with our instructions we will gladly furnish a new one to replace it free of cost, or provide a man at our own expense to make it perfect. NOTE. Material should be carefully examined before accepting from the Railroad Company, and if any part shows damage, make notation of same on Bill of Lading so that claim may be filed. 9 UTFIT FIGURE 105-E is arranged for pumpingby hand froma medium depth well, but it can if desired be operated by a windmill. This outfit is suitable for ordinary farm use where water is required for kitchen, laundry, and bathroom purposes. The pump is ad- justed to deliver water to the tank or at the pump as desired. Tank shown is 30 inches in diameter and 8 feet long, total capacity 295 gallons, working capac- ity 200 gallons. Present Day Methods of Water Supply. Of course the old way of pumping water from a well by a suction or force pump as it is needed is in common practice and no doubt will be in use until the end of time. No argument is needed against it— it presents its Sixes own disadvantage with every trip to the well. ten, twenty trips a day to the pump—then the back-breaking strokes, up, down, up, down, and what is there to show for this? No matter what the weather, hot, cold, dusty, or in blizzard, the many daily trips must be taken and the water brought back in buckets. : The use of the windmill for ; iit numping water is of course familiar J j ping ee. to you. _—_It is, however, dependent | fees entirely upon the velocity of the wind for its effectiveness. The fact that when most needed there is often not suff- cient wind to operate the pump for days ata time makes this method more or less undesirable. When a windmill is used to pump water into a féader pneumatic tank, the water is thus stored under pressure, to be used as needed. However, where this method is used, it is necessary to install a larger f2ader tank than would be needed with any other form of power, to provide against a shortage of water when there is not sufficient wind to operate the mill. Difference Between the Elevated Tank System and the Leake fiite. Syslem, Among other ordinary methods of water supply with which you are no doubt familiar is the gravity system, using an elevated tank either erected outside on a tower or in the attic of the building. The pressure of water was dependent on the height of the tank above the ground. Up to within the past few years no bet- ter method had been discovered. These 10 elevated tanks have done their work nobly, with all their disadvantages. The rapid introduction of the feader fUfate. System, however, has demonstrated that this more modern way was appreciated and that it had advantages which the elevated system could not approach. For instance, with a feader Wate. System, properly installed on your place you run no danger of damage, trouble and_ expense caused by the tank freezing. Since the feade tank is usually installed in the base- ment or buried in the ground below the frost line, the danger of freezing is limited only to exposed pipes which are not properly drained in severe weather. The cost of repairs which a frozen elevated tank makes necessary are thus saved to you by the use of a f2ader vic. System. On account of the fader Water System, being constructed of steel, it does not require constant painting and repairs. It is not exposed to the action of the elements — cannot decay and_ rot, causing loss of time, money, and temper. The water in a fader tank is kept free from dust, dirt, and vermin. ‘There is no possible way for the water to become foul and stagnant,as it is at no time exposed to the outside air from the time it leaves the well until it is drawn from the faucet for use. No foreign substance of any kind can get into it—it is drawn from the pipes fresh and sparkling. The elevated tank must of necessity be subject to damage by wind storm and lightning, with the constant danger of being blown over and causing damage to adjacent property and loss of life. With a feader Ute. System, installed in the basement or buried in the ground, there is no possibility of such damage, as the plant all rests on solid earth. The water in the fader tank is also kept cool in summer and well above the Mil UTFIT FIGURE 110-E is intended for deep well use and to be operat- ed by windmill or hand and is exten- sively used on farms where many head of stock are to be watered. The liberal tank capacity and regulating cylinder throwing mill in and out of gear, and the pop safety valve for protecting the system from high pressure are valuable features. The tank may be located in the ground at well or in the basement or other building away from danger of frost. The tank shown is 36 inches in diameter and 10 feet long, total capacity 525 gallons, working capac- ity 350 gallons. The Leader Water System purchased in November, 1908, has a tank 30 inches by 8 feet, total capacity 295 gallons. My tank, pipe, pump and fittings cost about $70.00, while I have in 180 feet of 34-inch pipe and 65 feet of 2-inch pipe. I find no trouble in pumping, as 15 pounds takes the water any place in the house I desire. Yours very respectfully, VERVEN BRADEN, R. F. D. No. 2, Clinton, IIl. ' ei freezing point in winter, on account of the location. In winter it may be kept as warm or as cool as the basement will allow. On the other hand an elevated tank supplies water in summer that is warm and often stagnant and not fit to drink. icy cold, and not satisfactory for watering stock. In winter it is The danger from an open tank in the attic comes from its heavy weight on floors and walls, and the damage from leakage to walls and furnishings below. The usual allowable weight on floors in an ordi- nary building is about seventy pounds to the square foot, whereas an open tank only three feet deep when filled makes a dead weight of about two hundred pounds to the square foot. There is present with the attic tank the same dan- ger of tank and pipes freezing in winter, and hot, stagnant water in summer. Dead birds, mice and “wigelers’” make the water an interesting study. Why not avoid all this and install a feader vite. System, in the first place ? To get a satisfactory pressure of say 60 pounds to the square inch (which is the normal pressure carried in a féader tank), it is necessary to erect an elevated tank 136 feet high. This is both costly and dangerous. Of course such a pressure is impossible to obtain in the case of the attic tank. This disadvantage is most noticeable when an instant and high water pressure is needed in the case of fire. Of what use is an attic or elevated tank twenty or thirty feet high when there is a blaze on the roof of the house twenty-five feet from the ground ? A powerful stream from a feader /fiter. System, at such a time will save many dollars and much discomfort. The Graham Farm at East Corinth, Maine, has a LEADER WATER SYSTEM with two large tanks. are a great thing.” Here is what they say: “We find them satisfactory in every way. They do all that is claimed for them. They As a Fire Protection. The danger of fire in suburbs, small towns and country is one of the little thought of calamities, whereas it should be a thing to be guarded against with as much care and forethought as a pestilence. The owner of a city home not only provides him- self with ample insurance against loss by fire, for both his home and goods, but insists upon the city in which he lives making ample provision in its fire department and its waterworks plant to protect him against any possible chance of such a loss. But what about the resident living away from city conveniences and too far from a fire department or city water mains to expect any help therefrom ? Has he done everything possible to protect his home, his goods, and his family from the dangers and losses incident to a costly conflagration? At a distance from neigh- bors of from a few hundred yards to sey- eral miles, what hope is there cf help to extinguish a fire without causing the loss of home and household goods, much of which cannot be covered by a fire insur- ance policy, no matter how much is carried nor how liberal the policy. Fire in the home without protection in most cases means a total loss. The burning of a barn means the loss of the barn and contents, possibly live stock, and particularly the means of feeding the stock that may be rescued. A cold, stormy day in winter is no time for the taking of risks, nor a windy day in autumn when everything is as dry as tinder. The home owner in the country is not in a position to take as much risk as the city man—his equipment for fighting fire is less, his prospective loss greater. With the foader Ytte. System, in- stalled on his place, he has an ever ready friend in case of need. A stream of water under ample pressure can be turned upon the first blaze, and no large city fire depart- ment will help more. 13 UTFIT FIGURE 141-E is intended for a medium sized residence and the pump is designed to be operated by gasoline engine or by hand as desired. The equipment of this outfit is exactly the same as that of Figure 115-E shown in the basement of the cottage on pages 16 and 17 except that it is provided with a one and one-half horse power LEADER- DOMESTIC gasoline engine and pump jack. Tank has a total capacity of 315 gallons and a working capacity of 225 gallons. The engine may be used for operating other light machinery when not in use for pumping. Running Water in the Kitchen. You of course realize the necessity of running water in the kitchen. Whether the source of supply is a deep or shallow well, cistern, spring, lake or river, the water will “run up hill”? with ample pressure to supply the kitchen sink, if a fader ater System, is in use. What a satis‘action to you to turn a faucet at the kitchen sink and find a rushing, gushing stream of clear, sparkling water, with ample force and under complete control, ready at any time, day or night, for its allotted task. Another faucet will furnish you with hot water as needed. One pipe from the feader Water. System, may be connected with a coil in the heating plant, kitchen range, or separate water heater, the hot water being stored in a range boiler, with the air pressure in the feade. tank to force it where needed. Where you can obtain either natural or artificial gas to heat the water, a special instantaneous hot water heater may be installed, which heats the water as it is needed, winter or summer, without the necessity of storing it in the range boiler. What more can you desire in the kitchen than a plentiful, satisfying, dependable supply of running water, both hot and cold, ready at the turn of the faucet? Only one thing — that is soft water as well as hard. In writing of the LEADER WATER SYSTEM installed on his farm shown below, Mr. J. W. Manson of Pittsfield, Maine, says: “The tank is situated in the cellar of the house. ‘The pump house is the little building shown at the left of the cow barn, in which there is an electric motor that pumps the water in the tank. To the extreme left and one-fifth of a mile distant from the farmhouse and at least forty feet higher than the farmhouse is situated a bungalow in which I live during the summer, and in which I have a complete water system supplied from this tank, and it is entirely satisfactory. There is always plenty of water and plenty of force, although I have never tried to see how much force I could have. It is sufficient for all purposes in that bungalow and highly satisfactory.” 14 Soft Water, as Well as Hard. For the average home hard water is necessary, but is also undesirable in many ways. Where it is possible to use cistern water as well as that from a well or spring, a combination of the two makes a more complete plant and one that is more adaptable to every use. For laundry use as well as nearly all kitchen purposes, soft water is much more desirable. For washing the hair it is almost a necessity. While it is possible to obtain soaps and washing powders that will to some extent soften hard water, at the same time few of them are of much value. With a combination of two feader pneumatic tanks, soft water as well as hard can be furnished. This combination can be made in several ways, one of the most satisfactory of which is the use of a water lift which utilizes the pressure of the hard water as it comes from the hard water tank through the pipes. ‘This pressure operates the water lift which pumps soft water of a lesser amount into a second tank and stores it there under pressure, available for use at any time. ‘This combination is shown in our Fig. 21-E outfit on page 18. This arrangement does not interfere in the least with the use of the hot water pipe connection from either the soft or hard water tanks. Another very effective method and one generally in use in cities or suburbs where electric power is available, is the use of a small combined electric motor and pump. This motor can be arranged to operate automatically from an electric light current so that when the tank becomes sufficiently full of water or filled to any prearranged pressure, the switch controlling the motor is automatically thrown out and when the pressure is reduced to a point also pre- arranged, the motor is thrown into gear again and pumps the pressure up to the maximum amount desired in the tank. feade. Outfit Fig. 185-E, on page 29, illustrates such an arrangement. 15 adapted for supplying both hard and soft water for household use. Only one pump is required, it being our regular combined air and water hand pump. It is so connected and arranged with valves that either kind of water may be pumped at will into either tank desired, provided the water in well and cistern is at no greater vertical depth below pump than 20 feet. A114 horse power LEADER- DOMESTIC hopper-cooled gasoline engine is connected by means of a pump jack so that it is possible to handle about 300 gallons of water per hour. The engine may also be used for running other light machinery. Any size tanks can be used, placed either vertically or horizontally. The tanks shown each have a total capac- ity of 315 gallons and a working capacity of 225 gallons. () jane FIGURE 171-E is especially The Bath Room. HAT is the bathroom to yow without water? How exasperated you become to find the supply insufficient, the pressure weak, just when needed. For you to get the full measure of satisfaction from either the most elaborate or modest of bathrooms, you must have water delivered in abundance, under ample pressure so as to be available when needed. The fader fUaate. System, is de- signed for just such service. Marble floors and tiling, beautiful mirrors, porcelain enamel fixtures, harmonious walls and furnishings — this is the ideal bathroom. Be it ever so pleasing in appear- ance, convenient in arrangement and altogether delightful, nothing else matters if the water supply is not satisfactory. The fader System, furnishes you with the necessary pressure to deliver both hot and cold water, and soft water as well as hard, at any time, day or night, to the bathroom, wherever located. A quick dip in the morning, a vigorous rub-down, and the day starts with snap and energy. ‘The bath may be tub or shower, the water hot or cold. No time need be lost — the water is on tap when needed. 16 eet ee 4 5 - ae aa . " ‘ ; { \ mete ; Pe eae = i 2 @ bade Yd 5 pacer ier OO AS AR EO ER LOLI ATT ES At evening, after the toil and heat of the day, when perspiration and dust have formed their grimy coating, what a feeling of restfulness and pleasure comes from a warm shower or plunge in the tub and a dash of cold water after it. No less important is an ample pressure of water for the lavatory and closet. These fixtures require a constant and dependable pressure at all times. You may have every advantage of the finest hotel or city apartment bath in the isolated home, when a feader Water System, is installed on the place. & feader lite. System, Figure 115-E shown in the basement of this cottage, is especially designed for use in small and medium-sized homes and will supply a family of from two to eight persons satisfactorily. It is a very popular outfit, having sufficient capacity for supplying water to kitchen, laundry and bathroom. It will pump from a well or cistern where the water level is not more than twenty feet below the pump. The tank regularly furnished is 36 inches in diameter and 6 feet high, having a total capacity of 315 gallons and will deliver about 225 gallons when pumped to 45 pounds pressure. A few minutes pumping each day is sufficient to keep an ordinary family supplied. 17 The Laundry. Tlowever well arranged the laundry may be, it is never complete without an ample supply of running water, both hot and cold, convenient for instant use. Whether portable or stationary tubs are used, there is entire satisfaction with the water supply when it is furnished by a fader fate. System,. Water is piped ay where it is wanted, under ample pressure. It is not , necessary to go further than the faucet for all the water needed, and the old bucket-carrying method is forever banished. Washing machines are now made which use the pressure from such a system to do the washing. These machines will work satisfactorily where the plant is operated by power. UTFIT FIG. 21-E shows a system of modern plumbing arranged for hard and soft water. ‘The hard water is supplied from either deep or shallow well, and is used for laundry, kitchen, and sanitary purposes in the house, and for watering stock, sprink- ling, ete., out of doors. The pressure of the water from the hard water tank is used to operate a water lift which pumps a lesser amount of water out of the cistern and stores it in a smaller pneumatic tank in the basement, thus supplying soft water for kitchen, laun- dry, and bathing purposes throughout the house. This arrangement is entire- ly automatic and requires no attention except oiling. Where a wind-mill is not desirable this system can be oper- ated by a gasoline or hot-air engine, or electric motor. W. G. Dunham, 220 36th St., Brooklyn, N. Y., whose home is shown below says, ““The system has worked very satisfactorily for some four years that I have had it in and I have never been out of water on account of repairs.” 18 Filtered Water. Nature's method of purifying water is to filter it through stone. Hence the purity of artesian and deep well water. To do this artificially is a very slow process, so slow that it will not admit of water being drawn directly from the filter for use. By forcing the water through a stone filter and then storing it in a feaderx tank, a supply of absolutely pure water is always to be had. No other method except city ser- vice will furnish enough pressure to successfully do this work. Two tanks are usually used, the pressure from one tank forcing the impure water through the filter into the other, from whence it is drawn for use. Where the public water supply in cities is not clean and_ pure, feader pneumatic tanks are used to store the water under pressure after it has passed through the filter. Water Purified by Aeration. A very important advantage of the feader. fate. System, is the purifi- cation of the water when some air is pumped into the tank. As you of course know, the con- finement of water under pressure, es- pecially where the tank is located in a cool UTFIT FIGURE 156-E may be used where windmill may ordinarily place, is highly beneficial to the water. The oxygen in the air destroys the impuri- ties in the water and by our plan of pumping into the tank a small amount of air with the water, the water is erated — bubbles of air pass through it and purify it. The water when drawn from the tank is much clearer and cleaner than when pumped in. Water containing minerals in solution, and cistern and well water that is otherwise thought unhealthful is in this way often improved and rendered palatable. 19 be expected to furnish the power to operate it, but where a gasoline engine may also be used as needed, or the pump can be operated by hand. The pump is adapted for use where the water is not more than 20 feet below the platform. The tank is 42 inches in diameter and 10 feet long, having a total capacity of 720 gallons and a working capacity of 480 gallons. The large capacity makes this especially desirable for watering stock as well as for household purposes. Supplying Several Homes From One System. ; Many feader Yate. Systems, are in use to supply a number of separate, detached homes or buildings with water under pressure, in the same way as a city waterworks. This reduces the first cost of the plant and also necessitates but one source of supply. This is often done in villages or city suburbs where a public supply is not available and is a very important advantage in case of fire, furnishing a much larger storage capacity to be drawn from when needed. Very little attention is necessary to such a plant, if properly installed. A separate pump house is shown in the illustration, from which several homes are supplied. 20 The Debenture Corporation, who built these homes, say: “It gives us pleasure to say that the LEADER WATER SYSTEM installed by your company on our Huntington Terrace property is working very successfully. “We have a 5000-gallon pres- sure tank sunk below the frost line, and we have placed our water mains 44 feet, connecting the pipes with the different houses and bungalows which we have built. “These houses have baths, closets and all conveniences, and we are able to supply satisfactory pressure. We esti- mate, if worked up to the limit, that we could have a pumping capacity of 40,000 gallons per day.” DEBENTURE CORPORATION or New York, Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street, New York City, N. Y. The LEADER WATER SYSTEM I purchased nearly three years ago consists of a tank of about 350 gallons’ capacity, together with hand pump and_ necessary connections. As remember, the cost including freight, and drayage was about $75.00. I believe we have had more satisfac- tion and convenience in the running water that this outfit gives us than any similar amount of money spent. It has been in con- tinuous service and has never given us any trouble in any way. A small amount of pumping each day gives us all the water irecessary for the day. Yours truly, C. M. CrumBaker, Duncan Falls, Ohio. Safeguarding the Family Health. You of course appreciate the value of running water in cleanliness and the ease with which the surroundings can be kept sanitary. The very fact that the fader Water System, furnishes an ample supply of running water for kitchen, bathroom, laundry and any other use about the place makes cleanliness possible and easy to every user of it. With a feadan fate. System, installed in your home it is no longer necessary for any one to go out of doors to well or cistern for a bucket of water. Pneumonia, grip, bronchitis and _pleurisy, are all caused by just such exposure — and there is no further need to take such chances. The outside water closet is now no longer needed. With modern bathroom equipment and drainage to sewer or cess- pool, the necessity of going out of doors in all kinds of weather is forever banished. As a preventative of colds and disease, this use of the flader Yate. System, is surely a valuable aid to health. The removal of the closet vault means less danger of contamination of the water in the well — and the effectual prevention of the dreaded typhoid is thereby possible. 21 UTFIT FIGURE 151-E illustrates avery popular plant using a horizon- tal power pump, the size shown in the picture having a pumping capacity of 720 gallons per hour. It is intended for shallow well or cistern, and is equipped with an intake air valve. The same style pump can be had with a capacity of 1,300, 2,000 or 3,000 gallons perhour. The engine shown is our two-horse power LEADER-DOMESTIC engine of the air cooled type which can not be injured by freezing. The tank shown is 42 inches in diameter and 14 feet long, having a total capacity of 1,000 gallons and a working capacity of 665 gallons. heating, plumbing, and Leader Water System was all pur- chased at the same time. : We have a complete outfit in bathroom; tub, lava- tory, water closet, and hot and cold water, as well as sink in the kitchen. We have a hot water range boiler in the cellar as well as heater; use hand pump and pump up to 20 to 30 pounds once a week. I think it cost me about $250.00, and it is worth twice that for convenience. Every farmer as well as town people ought to put in a Leader Water System. We also have a hot water heating plant, but if we had to take out one of the two we would take out the hot water heating plant and keep the Leader Water System. Yours truly, F. M. Baxer, Woodlawn, Ill. Water on the Stock Farm. Food and water are the essentials for the production of “top notchers’’ on the stock farm. Whether in winter or summer, the matter of a first-class water supply must not be lost sight of. The foader Yiter System, furnishes a dependable supply of water for such use under as much pressure as desired. The water furnished by the f2ader System, is neither freezing cold in winter, nor hot and stagnant in summer. If the tank is buried deep ‘enough in the ground the temperature of the water will remain nearly The tank can be so situated in the ground as to furnish water the same the year round. practically as cool as in the well itself, or by placing it in the basement the water is kept as cool in summer as the basement will allow, and the temperature in winter is right for wateringstock. By running the water through a coil of pipe in furnace or water heater, the water may be warmed as much as desired. When considering a fader Hater. System, for a stock farm, a plant amply large should be installed. The mistake too often made on the farm is to put in a plant with not enough storage capacity. The proportionate cost of the larger tank is less, while it requires less frequent pumping and maintains a more even pressure at all times. Where a windmill is used for power it is necessary to use a larger tank than when a gaso- line engine or some other form of power is used. The fact that for days at a time the wind will not furnish enough power to pump water makes it advisable to store enough water in the pneumatic tank to supply all needs for several days at a time. On the Dairy Farm. It is needless to say that on the dairy farm a proper water supply is of the utmost importance. It is not only important that the cows have water that is pure and clean, but it must be kept ata temperature that will not chill and at the same time is not too warm. The feader Wate. System, solves this problem perfectly. By installing in the basement of the house a feader pneumatic tank, the water is pumped into it from well, lake or spring by a pump located at any desired point. The pump may be in the basement also, where it can be oper- ated by gas or gasoline engine, electric motor hot air engine or other power. If located at the well it ean be operated by a windmill, or an engine installed there to run_ it regularly. The very fact that the tank is located in the basement makes it proof against freezing, Individual watering troughscan be provided in the barn, one for each animal, if desired. The water can be turned into these several times a day as needed, and it will be of the right temperature. A valve can be placed in the discharge pipe near the tank, so that it is only necessary to open this for a few moments and water will rush into the troughs without the necessity of any one going to the barn. This arrangement is a great convenience in bad weather. A feader fate. System, on the dairy farm means more butter fat, hence more profit, and is a most valuable “hired hand.’ 23 UTFIT FIGURE 181-E illustrates avery compact and attractive outfit for use where water can be obtained at a depth of not more than 20 feet below the pump. A LEADER-DOMESTIC com- bined engine and pump as shown can be had in capacity up to 2,000 gallons per hour. A convenient device provides for throwing the pump out of gear and the engine may be used to furnish power for other purposes as desired. This outfit is equipped with the LEADER Automatic Air Regulator for keeping tank constantly supplied with the proper amount of air. When the engine is started the LEADER Automatic Circuit Breaker will stop it when the pressure in the tank has been pumped up to the desired point. These two devices and the combined engine and pump provide the most complete plant operated by a gasoline engine to be had on the market. I, O. O. F. Home, Groton, Conn. The LEADER WATER SYSTEM is designed for use in both large and small buildings and is adapted to any size installations. Above is shown one of the larger jobs that have been installed recently, and is an example of the perfect and satisfactory work done by our system. This system consists of two large LEADER pneumatic tanks, each 9 feet in diameter and 40 feet long, buried in the ground. ‘The pump is a 2} by 4-inch triplex, driven by a three- horse-power LEADER DOMESTIC gasoline engine. The water is pumped from a spring located 1200 feet distant and at a vertical depth of 100 feet from the pump. ‘The pressure in the LEADER tanks is pumped up to 70 pounds and never allowed to vary’ more than 10 pounds, so that there is always a high pressure available for use in case of fire. Fire protection is given by a line of 2-inch pipe in each building with 2-inch hose and reels located in the hall on each floor. .The house supply is kept at a pressure of about 25 pounds at all times by the use of our reducing valves. The engine is supplied with a LEADER automatic circuit breaker, which automatically stops it when the pressure in the tanks is up to the maximum carried. The LEADER WATER SYSTEM was installed by the advice of the committee after a thor- ough investigation, instead of a stand-pipe which was designed in the specifications of the engineer. The number of inmates at the present time is about 50 people. — - Three years ago I purchased one of your Leader a Water Systems with hand pump for my residence. It takes about eight minutes’ time each day to operate it. This gives us a very complete water system of our own, and we would not be without this system of hot and cold water through our house for many times the cost. Tt cost about $145.00 complete. The plant has a working capacity of 200 gallons. Yours truly, Joun T. Bricas, Pittsfield, Il. On the Poultry Farm. Poultry keeping is profitable when rightly conducted. Most poultry farms are not so sit- uated that city water may be had. The feader lite. System, offers the solution of this problem — supplies clean, fresh, pure running water to drinking troughs, both in_pens and house, as well as to pool and fountain for the water fowls. It also supplies water under ample pressure for flushing and_ scrubbing the pens and houses. The water should be changed often. The use of a hose in cleaning the pens makes for healthier fowls. About the Greenhouse and Nursery. A dependable water supply is indispensable in the greenhouse. That is no place to take chances—a water system that works twenty-four hours in every day and three hundred and sixty-five days in every year, without a hitch, is needed there — that is what the feader Wate. System, will do. Any pressure desired may be had to foree warm water or cool through- out the place. The nursery requires water for irrigat- ing, spraying and sprinkling, and with a feader System, installed at the pump house or residence, water may be piped to hydrants and faucets at any part of the grounds. 5 pump UTFIT FIGURE183-E is especially constructed for pumping from a deep well, and can use any size cylinder up to 4 inches in diameter. This plant is of Jarge capacity and is adapted for use on farms and in hotels and institutions where much water is required. The LEADER-DOMESTIC Deep Well Pump- er can be furnished in either two or three horse power and can be arranged to rom 300 to 1,000 gallons per hour. The size of the tank can be varied to suit local conditions. This outfit also has LEADER Automatic Air Regulator for keeping up the air supply, and LEADER Automatic Circuit Breaker, for stopping the engine when pressure is sufficient. Belmont County Children’s Home, Tacoma, Ohio. This institution is supplied by a LEADER WATER SYSTEM using two large tanks each 54 inches in diameter by 20 feet long. This furnishes an ample supply of running water all over the buildings and also carries high pressure for fire protection. ‘This is a very important need in such an isolated institution, and it is possible in such a case to carry a fire pressure of 75 to 100 pounds regularly if desired. The superintendent, Mr. T. W. Branson, has this to say of the LEADER WATER SYS- TEM: “‘I wish to say that the outfit is very satisfactory, and furnishes us sufficient water for all our requirements. I think your plant is “number one’ and will be very glad to answer more inquiries and recommend it to any one whom you refer to me.” On the Truck Farm. The secret of the market gardener’s success lies in his ability to deliver to his trade fruits and vegetables that are in prime condition at just the time when prices are the best. Farming a com- paratively small piece of ground, by the use of a feader ater. System, he may have running water available at hydrants convenient to all parts of his place. He can then sprinkle and irrigate his crops at his own pleasure, knowing that he need have no fear of a crop failure for lack of rain. No longer need he take to market blackberries dried to the seed, nor melons small and shriveled, and his family may enjoy the comfort of running water in the house as well. 26 The Cost of the Leader Water System for This Home, Including Engine and Pump House, Was $292.65. The pump and other fixtures which go with it cost me $82.65. For pumping I use a gasoline engine which cost $135.00. My well is outside with a building over it for my engine. I have both hot and cold water in my house, with a bathroom. ‘The cost of the building over the well and engine was $50.00, and all other expenses in fitting up was $25.00, making a total cost without plumbing fixtures $292.65. We like the system very much. It works perfectly and has given us no trouble whatever. Yours truly, H. C. Scuirrer 1, Sheridan, N. Y. The Cost of the fader fiater Syslem, When you invest in a water supply system you naturally want one that will last an ordinary lifetime and that while in use will require the least care and trouble. It is just along these lines that the feade. fite. System, is built. No expense is spared to make the f2ader pneumatic tanks and pumping equipment as perfect as skilled workmen and modern machinery will admit. The cost of the feader Yate. System, you desire is a great deal like that of a heating plant — the local conditions affect the size and style so that we cannot make a price without knowing more about them. The systems shown in this book, how- ever, will give you an idea of the different kinds of plants we can furnish. Throughout this book are shown a number of homes and letters from the owners giving the cost of their particular Leader ffiter. System. you an idea of the range of cost. These will give You will notice that it is possible to It is never wise to buy a plant smaller than install a plant as large as you desire. needed, even though the first cost is less. The larger plant is always more satisfac- tory in its operation, requiring less 27 UTFIT FIGURE 165-Eillustrates a plant capable of pumping from a deep well and storing large quantities of water. Itis especially adapted for use in hotels, club houses, county farms and large isolated institutions. The pump will oper- ate a 4-inch plunger in a well 150 feet deep and will deliver 1200 to 1500 gallons per hour. The gasoline engine can bé used for operating other machinery as well, asit has ample power. The tank shown is 48 inches in diameter and 24 feet long, hav- ing a total capacity of 2260 gallons and a working capacity of 1500 gallons. Out- fit Figure 175-E is a very similar plant, but is operated by electric motor instead of gasoline engine. attention, giving more storage capacity and making it necessary to pump less often. The size and style of the plant also depend much on the amount of money you wish to invest. Both hand and power outfits can be furnished with almost any size tank desired. To enable us to recommend a plant that will amply supply your needs, we urge you to fill in the information blank and return it to us for an estimate. This blank may seem rather long, but fill it in as completely as possible and mail it to us — then we can write you fully about the plant we believe best fitted for your requirements. We will need to know such things as the number and kind of plumbing fixtures for which water is required, the kind and depth of well and particularly its inside diameter and distance to water. Note the questions asked under number six on the information blank, and answer them as fully as possible. It may bepossible that a Zeadexr COMBINED ENGINE and PUMP or a eager SILENT ELECTRIC HOUSE PUMP will be all that you will need. If so, we will tell you. Our business is to furnish you water supply material, whether you need only a small hand pump costing but a few dollars, or the largest water system made. Where to Buy the fader Water System, When you return the information blank to us, you will give us an opportunity to furnish you information on the size and style of plant adapted to your needs, and an estimate of its cost, without any obligation on your part. It may be that you would prefer to purchase a flader Water System, through your local plumber, pump man, hardware or implement dealer. Hand him the in- formation blank filled out, and he will make you an estimate on the plant installed complete, including plumbing. We do not furnish plumbing fixtures. To make prompt shipments possible, and to save you the expense of heavy local freight rates, a large line of fader Water Systems, is carried constantly in stock at such shipping points as Boston, Mass., Springfield, Mass., Richmond, Va., Owego, N. Y., St. Paul, Minn., Fort Dodge, Iowa, Kansas City, Mo., Portland, Ore., Spokane, Wash., San Francisco, Cal., and other central points, as well as the large stock constantly on hand at the factory, Decatur, Ill. I have installed a LEADER WATER SYSTEM No. 115, operated by hand pump, using a tank 36 inches by 6 feet, total capacity 315 gallons. ‘The system cost me $80.00. A range boiler cost $6.40, the extra pipe and fittings $11.90, and freight on outfit was $5.48. Money could not buy my outfit. It does all you claim for it. I carry about 40 pounds pressure, and do not average over five minutes per day pumping. Yours truly, Erwin F. Srravs, Montandon, Pa. German Lutheran Normal School, Addison, Illinois Located at Addison, twenty miles west of Chicago, on the Illinois Central suburban line, is the Normal School of the German Luth- eran Church. Numbering about three hundred students as their resident membership, an adequate supply of running water is very essential. It is necessary to supply water for drinking purposes, kitchen, sanitary, sprinkling and fire protection. Where so many students spend most of the year in dormitory and school room, a first class plant is necessary. The two large LEADER pneumatic tanks, each 8 feet in diameter and 36 feet long, are in- stalled in a half-basement addition to the main building. One of these is used for the daily supply and the other is kept under higher pressure for fire protection. The pump is located in a detached pump house, being operated by a gasoline engine. So well pleased are the president and directors that they contemplate extending the pipe line to supply a number of homes of members of the faculty located near by. 29 for use where electric power is avail- able, for pumping from shallow well or cistern. An automatic controller can be furnished with this outfit to stop and start the motor, being controlled by the pressure in the tank. This outfit is often used to furnish rain water to city dwellings and to increase the city water pressure in apartment houses. Being noiseless, this combined motor and pump is very popular and can be used in the suburbs or country if electric power can be had. The outfit as shown has a tank with a total capacity of 295 gallons and a working capacity of 200 gallons. A larger or smaller tank can be furnished and also a different size of the combined motor and pump. GQ FIGURE 185-E is adapted San exhaustive actory investigation \ they decided to install is especially re- a Leader Water System. quired by golf and Their architects, A. W. Black country clubs. Where so & Son, St. Louis, say, “The much water is used for club Leader Water System installed at the house, sanitary and sprinkling purposes and Glen Echo County Club, Normandy, Mo., has fire protection, the LEADER WATER SYS- proven after a six months trial to be entirely TEM is found to be indispensable. Hence satisfactory.” Suggestions and estimates for the large number of such clubs already using it. such installations are made without charge. The Glen Echo Country Club, located just | We can also furnish a competent engineer to solve out of St. Louis, at Normandy, Mo., is one of _ difficult problems, prepare plans and specifica- the largest and wealthiest in America. After tions, and superintend the erection if desired. Is the fLader pate. System, the One to Buy? Does it not appear reasonable to you that the very best water system you can buy 1s none too good for your lifelong use? It may seem to you that a tank is a tank and a pump apump. While different makes may look alike, they do not necessarily work alike. There is a vast difference in some of them; there must be some differ- ence in all of them. To protect yourself and avoid any chance for dissatisfaction, insist that the water supply I have had your Leader Water System in use now for four years and ean truthfully recommend it as the best system for water supply in country homes. The capacity of my tank is 300 gallons, and I think the pump and necessary fixtures were $80.00. Juse a hand power pump. Yours truly, A. A. BAKER, Colchester, Conn. Mr. Baker isa Trustee and also Treasurer of Bacon Academy at Colchester. 30 water system you buy carries the feader trade-mark and is covered by the guarantee of the feade- Don ffirks,. It might cost a few dollars more, but you will get your money’s worth in quality. Leader fffite. Systems, cannot be as carefully and honestly built as they no are and be sold for less money. It is not a question with us of how cheap, but how good they can be made The satisfaction of our customers is our best advertisement. To you — right now — we say: Fill in the information blank — mail it to us to- day — we’ll do the rest. Mr. L. A. Thompson, Glen Cove, N. Y., whose home is shown here, says: “IT wish to. say that the LEADER WATER SYSTEM seems to be giving the very best satisfaction in every way. I find that we have a range of about 1500 to 1700. gallons that is usable from an air pressure ranging from 15 to 25 pounds. We are very much pleased with the operation of the system so far, and there is no doubt but that it will continue to serve us well. It is certainlya great im- provement to have the water supply coming from a tank beneath the ground over the old system of wood tank storage in the air.” Mrs. A. J. Bolton owns this beautiful resi- dence on Canandaigua Lake, New York, with residence near Rochester, New York, and says: “T cannot speak too highly of the LEADER WATER SYSTEM installed in my residence on the lake. Eight minutes’ work with the engine each morning provides enough water for twenty-four hours for bathroom, laundry, kit- chen and gas machine. Only when the garden hose is used do we run the engine oftener during the day.” UTFIT FIGURE 135-E is operated by an Ericsson hot air pumping en- gine. This is especially desirable where large quantities of water are needed and especially on the farm. The engine meets every demand that any pumping en- gine of equal capacity cansupply. Theen- gine can be equipped with a burner for either gas, gasoline, wood, or coal, and re- quires little attention. The tank shown is 42 inches in diameter and 12 feet long, with a total capacity of 865 gallons and a work- ing capacity of 575 gallons. ta Two School Buildings using Leader ffter. Systems, The first picture shows the Eastport Hign Schoo: at Annapolis, Maryland, supplied by a - LEADER WATER SYSTEM, using a LEADER-DOMESTIC combined engine and pump having a capacity of 1200 to 1500 gallons per hour. The LEADER tank used is 48 inches in diameter and 10 feet long, being buried in the ground with one end projecting into the cellar. The pump and engine are located in a pump house, over a dug well 50 feet from the building. The school has an attendance of about 200. Here is what a member of the Board of Education at East Bloomfield, New York, has to say about the plant installed in their building: ‘“The LEADER WATER SYSTEM in the new high school building has been in operation since the beginning of the school year, and has given perfect satisfaction. It furnishes water for all purposes in all parts of the building at all times. In this building we have the luxury of city water in a country village.” (Signed) Harry G. CHarin. Whether the school is large or small, costly or plain, in city or country, there is an ever present need for running water. Water with ample pressure is a necessity for drinking purposes, sani- tation and fire protection, and there is a size and capacity in a LEADER WATER SYSTEM adapted to every school Mr. Fred C. Fisher, Third Ave. and 169th St., New York City, is the owner of the beautiful summer home shown herewith. He says: “The LEADER WATER SYSTEM you in- stalled in my country residence last spring is giving entire satisfaction, and I have recom- mended the system to several friends of mine who will install the same next spring. I shall always be pleased to furnish any information you care to refer to me, and show the outfit to any person you may wish to send.” hic neem aA ee Spe cacy SUP aah , +