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 As Explained by Pakistan’s Prime Minister 
 and Minister for Industries at the First Session 
 
 of Pakistan’s Council of Industries. 
 AMS Lick sag ea eT 
 
 EMBASSY OF PAKISTAN 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 October, 1949 
 
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The Development of Industries in Pakistan 
 
 The Pakistan Council of Industries held its first session at 
 Karachi in the second week of September, 1949. It was inaugurated 
 by the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan, and later 
 addressed by the Minister of Industries, Mr. Fazlur Rahman. 
 
 SPEECH BY THE PRIME MINISTER 
 
 While inaugurating the Council session, the Prime Minister made 
 the following speech: 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to behere this morning toinaugurate 
 the Pakistan Council of Industries. As you are aware under the De- 
 velopment of Industries (Federal Control) Act, 1949, the Central Gov- 
 ernment have assumed direct responsibility for the development of 
 27 different types of industries. The Council which is being inaugu- 
 rated today has been brought into being as a direct result of the above 
 mentioned Act. To help them discharge these responsibilities satis- 
 factorily, Government have felt the need to associate with this work, 
 as closely as can be, the various interests directly concerned. I am 
 glad to see these various interests so well represented here. 
 
 Let me at the outset recapitulate the attitude of Government 
 towards industrialisation. Very briefly put we want to industrialise 
 our country as quickly as we can, Firstly because no country can be 
 strong without having developed industries. Secondly it loses enor- 
 mous sums annually if it goes on exporting raw materials and im- 
 porting finished goods and thirdly as a consequence the standard of 
 living of its people remains low. To put it more concretely no coun- 
 try canhave a really modernand properly equipped army for purposes 
 of defence anda high standard of living without developing its resources. 
 Pakistan is an agricultural country with no developed industries. 
 This lackof balance between agriculture and industry has obvious 
 disadvantages and must be redressed. That, as I said above,is what 
 we want todo. But there are obstacles in our way. One of them is 
 the timidity of our industrialists and the shyness of investors. Inves- 
 ting money in an industry has obvious risks but these risks have to 
 be taken by those who wish to serve Pakistan. There also is the 
 temptation to get quick returns, and for a short time at leasthigher 
 profits, by taking part in trade and commerce. But anyone whowants 
 to serve his country must not yield to such temptations. There are 
 greater satisfactions than the mere pleasure of just making money. 
 What is more, the investmentof money in industry is in the long run 
 a sounder investment. 
 
 Private Capital Investment Desired 
 
 Unless industrialists are willing to come forward and show a 
 spirit of enterprise and unless those who have money invest it in in- 
 dustry, Government will have to step in. It is these people whose co- 
 operation we want and ask for. I think Government is fully justified 
 in expecting and asking for it. The second obstacle we are faced with 
 is the lack of technicians. I shall refer to this a little later. 
 
 The industrialists on their side have their difficulties. It is for 
 them to bring them to the notice of the Government and suggest ways 
 of getting over them. 
 
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I have always felt that the system of Government that we in- 
 herited, was not flexible enough to meet the needs of the ever 
 changing situations. A tendency had grown for officers to work in 
 isolation from the people and even among officers themselves to 
 work in compartments. We in Pakistan have tried to remedy this 
 deficiency and a large measure of co-ordination is now effected 
 through various official agencies. Iam not, however, prepared to 
 claim that more cannot be done in this direction. I realise that it is 
 essential, especiallyin these critical times, that Government should 
 speak and act with unity of purpose. Such unity of purpose can result 
 only from every part of the machinery of Government realizing its 
 role in the general scheme of things and pulling its weightin the same 
 direction. , 
 
 I am aware of a feeling incertain quarters that various Govern- 
 ment departments are working either at cross purposes or in complete 
 disregard of the view points of one another. I have heard complaints 
 of the multiplicity of organizations which would-be-promoters of in- 
 dustry have to approach before their projects caneven begin to take a 
 concrete shape. I would be gladif you gentlemen, who are sodirectly 
 concerned with this matter, put your heads together and, after due 
 consideration of all facts having a bearing on the subject, advise 
 Government as tothe manner in which Governmental agencies should 
 be fashioned to achieve the object in view. 
 
 I would remind you in this connection that there is already an 
 agency which can provide a large degree of co-ordination required 
 through the Director-General of Supply and Development who has 
 his representatives both at Lahore and at Chittagong. I would ask 
 you and my other friends interested in industry to make it a point to 
 fully utilise this agency and to bring to the notice of Government any 
 deficiencies or defects that experience may throw up, so that we 
 might remedy these to the advantage of all concerned. 
 
 I attach great importance tothe intimate co-operationand close 
 collaboration of business-men with Government and Governmental 
 agencies in all matters pertaining to the economic well-being of the 
 country. Iam glad to find that judging from the numerous Advisory 
 Committees set up by the Department of Supply and Development 
 a measure of co-operation does exist today. I would like to take 
 this opportunity on behalf of the Government of Pakistan to ex- 
 press Government's appreciation of this co-operation and of the 
 work done by these Committees. The basic fact remains however 
 that this co-operation must be on a much larger scale. There must 
 be evidence of greater enterprise and a bold tackling of bigger prob- 
 lems. There must also be a realisation of national needs. 
 
 Technical Education Programme _ 
 
 I do not want to dilate upon the various subjects which are 
 covered by your Agenda, but I do want to call your attention to two 
 or three questions which you will, I have no doubt, discuss at some 
 length later. I have already referred to the provision of technical 
 personnel required by industry. For some time now, Government 
 have been studying how best to provide facilities for imparting tech- 
 nical education at various levels in the country. As in other fields, 
 Government have had many difficulties to face. But there is no 
 difficulty which does not yield to human effort when rightly directed. 
 The question of establishing Polytechnical, Technological, Industrial 
 and Trade Schools in Pakistan is now under the active consideration 
 
 as 
 
of Government and before long I expect at least a few of these insti- 
 tutions to begin working. The provision of these facilities will not, 
 however, meet the requirements of the situation in the field of prac- 
 tical training. Government have, therefore,to plan out a programme 
 _ for the education and training of our young men abroad. Government 
 have had this matter under consideration and I am glad to tell you 
 that they propose to send out as many young men as are required for 
 various industries to be given practical training abroad after they 
 have acquiredthe necessary theoretical knowledge in our institutions 
 here. Financial difficulties will not be allowed to stand in the way 
 of implementing the scheme for training of our young men abroad. 
 Here againit is not enoughfor Governmentto make plans and provide 
 facilities. It is the people who must realise that without the trained 
 personnel the availability of capital will not achieve much. It is only 
 when these two combine that real progress can be made. Our people 
 must therefore turn increasingly to science and to technology. Our 
 young men must realise that one of the best ways of serving Pakistan 
 is to acquire technical knowledge and help to create wealth: in the 
 country. While lam on this subject, I must acknowledge the offers 
 of assistance which Pakistan has been receiving from the various 
 countries of the Commonwealth, of Europe and of the United States 
 of America. These countries have offered Scholarships and Fellow- 
 ships to our nationals in fields which are of special interest to us. I 
 would like to make mention here, by way of illustration, of Fellow- 
 ships and Scholarships offered by Australia, Canada, France, U.K. 
 and U.S.A. I should not forget to mention the assistance offered by 
 the United Nations Organization to train our young men. 
 
 This brings me to another question which the United Nations 
 Organization has made its special responsibility, namely, the devel- 
 opment of underdeveloped countries. The question of giving effective 
 aid to such countries in the present day world conditions has now 
 been fully recognised, as also its urgency and immediacy. There 
 seems to be general agreement that prosperity, like peace, is 
 indivisible. 
 
 I must here point out that it is essential that the advanced 
 countries should give not only the benefit of their store of technical 
 knowledge and of their experience of large scale organisation to the 
 underdeveloped countries, but also the wherewithal for-the develop- 
 ment of Industries. Conditions favourable to the free flow of capital 
 should, therefore, be created both in the countries exporting capital 
 and those receiving it. 
 
 Foreign Capital Investment Welcome 
 
 So far as Pakistan is concerned, itis now almost a matter of ~ 
 history thatthe “climate” for investment which investors from abroad 
 so often go in search of has been provided here. In April last year, 
 _ Government of Pakistan announced that Pakistan would welcome for- 
 eign capital seeking investment froma purely industrial and economic 
 objective and not claiming any other special privileges. We also 
 offered to give all reasonable facilities for remittance of profits 
 earned on capital invested in the country. Advantage has been taken 
 of this policy, but not to the extent which was expected. Conditions 
 abroad which would induce investors to export capital in large blocks 
 for investment in productive enterprises here have not so far been 
 all created. Efforts are now being made in foreign countries to 
 
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remove these handicaps. I look forward confidently to full advantage 
 being taken of our policy and to larger investments of private capital 
 flowing into productive enterprises here. 
 
 Government are aware of a feeling, in certain quarters, that 
 foreign capital is not essential for the industrial and economic de- 
 velopment of Pakistan. This opinion is obviously based on the as- 
 sumption that there is enough of capital in the country and that all 
 that is required is to remove the several handicaps from which in- 
 vestors now suffer. Government do not accept this viewpoint. They 
 are satisfied, on the information available to them, that if Pakistan 
 has to take rapid strides in the matter of development of industries, 
 it should obtain financial assistance from abroad. It has been recog 
 nised by those who have made a study of the general conditions in 
 undeveloped and underdeveloped countries that the financial problems 
 of development cannot be solved, within a measurable period of time, 
 by reliance on the slow process of local capital formation. Such 
 countries must look to the capital markets abroad. Pakistan’s re- 
 quirements of capitalfor industrial development have been estimated 
 at 3,000,000,000 rupees over the next l10years. This is apart from the 
 large sums required for development in other spheres of activity. 
 Everything should, therefore, be done to increase the flow of both in- > 
 digenous and foreign capital for the purpose of increasing the standard 
 of living of our people through the development of industries. 
 
 In order to stimulate such flowand to give a lead to people here 
 and abroad, Government have decided to forma Statutory Corporation 
 and to charge it with responsibility for the development of certain 
 specified industries which are of vital importance to the economy of 
 Pakistan and to the well-being of its people. In order to work out 
 the constitution, duties, power and responsibilities of this Corporation, 
 its relation to Government and the Legislature, and to estimate the. 
 amount of Government capital to be provided initially and to determine 
 the powers of the Corporation in regardto the raising of money from 
 the public, Government appointed a Committee. 
 
 The Committee has submitted an interim report and 1 am glad 
 to tell you that action has already been taken on one of the recom- 
 mendations of the Committee. The Ministry of Education and Indus- 
 tries is now engaged in the task of implementing the Jute Mills Proj- 
 ect which, as you are aware, will cost 70 million rupees. Government 
 expect to place orders for the equipment required to run the three 
 jute mills very shortly. 
 
 The next project which Government have on their list is the 
 Paper Mill Project which is estimated to cost between 50 and 60 
 million rupees. Government expect to be able to place orders for 
 equipment and machinery before the close of this financial year. 
 Arrangements for acquisitionof land, provisionof power and facilities 
 for transport are some of the matters which will engage the immediate 
 attention of the Corporation when set up, Government have under their 
 immediate consideration this most important matter. They hope to 
 be able to announce their decision on it in the next few weeks. 
 
 Gentlemen, I have dealt with two or three matters of moment 
 and that only to call your attention to certain aspects of them. Iam 
 sure that the advice which the Council will tender to Government on 
 the various question raised will help Government to come to right 
 
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decisions which will be to the advantage of the country at large. I 
 have every confidence that with your help and the co-operation of the 
 people, Government will be able to achieve the objects they have in 
 view within the period of the plan. 
 
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SPEECH BY THE MINISTER OF INDUSTRIES 
 
 The following are excerpts from the speech made by the Minister 
 of Industries: 
 
 Intimately connected with the’ fixation of targets are questions 
 of availability of manpower. Inthe paper circulated to you, anaccount 
 has been given of the facilities now existing and those to be created 
 in the near future. Apartfrom establishing a Polytechnic at Karachi, 
 there is general agreement that two other similar institutions should 
 be established--onein West Punjab and the other in Eastern Pakistan. 
 
 Government have alsohad under examinationthe questionof the 
 improvements to be effected in the courses of studies now obtaining 
 at University level in various regions. One of the handicaps from 
 which Universities are now suffering is the lack of trained technical 
 personnel with an aptitude for teaching. Steps are being taken by the 
 Universities to remove this handicap and we hope that ere long our 
 institutions will be properly manned by experienced teachers. 
 
 Apart fromthe facilities available in Pakistan, Government pro- 
 pose to take advantage of the facilities offered to them in many for- 
 eign lands. I am very glad to be able to tell you that wherever I went 
 in my recent tour of Europe, including the United Kingdom, I was 
 given the most earnest assurances that our young men would be wel- 
 come in their institutions and that all the necessary facilities would 
 be provided to them when there. I have come back more convinced 
 than ever that Pakistan should not depute its graduates to work as 
 under-graduates in foreign Universities. Our graduates should be 
 sent abroad either for post-graduate work or research or for prac- 
 tical training in industrialunits or business houses. The Prime Min- 
 ister has already referred to the determination of the Government of 
 Pakistan to see that no financial difficulties will come in the way of 
 training the personnel required for Industry in the next five years 
 period. You will be glad to hear that only two days ago a Committee 
 which I appointed as Minister in charge of Education has reported 
 and recommended the creation of a Scholarship Fund of just over 20 
 million rupees for the training of young Pakistanis abroad. It has 
 proposed that arrangements should be made for deputing a thousand 
 scholars inthe next five years to man our Industries, Educational 
 Institutions and Government Departments. I hope that Government 
 will be able to take a decision on this report very shortly. 
 
 Development of Power Resources 
 
 There is one other matter to which you no doubt expect me to 
 refer here andthat is the power resources of Pakistan. You have be- 
 fore you two working papers on this subject--a Fuel Budget and a 
 Budget for Power Resources. The first deals with the requirements 
 and resources of coal and oil and the second mainly about our re- 
 sources of hydel power. So far coal is concerned, we await the re- 
 portof our Consultants which is expected any day now. Our long term 
 programme of development of coal resources will be chalked out on 
 receipt of this report. As regards oil, exploration and development 
 work is progressing and I hope that now that our policy in regard to 
 development of our mineral oil resources has been announced in the 
 shape of the Petroleum Rules, the interests concerned will go ahead 
 with their schemes to our mutual advantage. 
 
 peat 
 
Now as regards our hydel power resources. The question of 
 developing these has, as you are aware, been actively pursued from 
 the very beginning. The first useful appreciation of the problem was 
 presented to us by Sir Henry Howard in accordance with whose ad- 
 vice we created the Central Engineering Authority. It is responsi- 
 bility of this Authority, under the Developmentof Industries (Federal 
 Control) Act 1949, to initiate, scrutinise, co-ordinate and press for- 
 ward schemes forthe control, regulation and utilisation of water and 
 power resources ofthe country. In this task it is helped by a combine 
 of Consultants of repute. The Central Engineering Authority and our 
 Consultants are now engaged in preparing project reports for var- 
 ious schemes. This is apart from their giving advice and assistance 
 in developing schemes which have already been initiated, like the 
 Rasul Project Scheme and the Malakand Extension. 
 
 We have one major development scheme on the Eastern Pakistan 
 side. The multi-purpose project contemplated in the Karnafuli basin 
 will generate some 40,000 Kilowatts of power and will be, for various 
 reasons, linked up with a fair-sized steam station in Chittagong. The 
 hydel project and the 10,000 Kilowatts power station may take some 
 time to complete. As an interim measure, therefore, Government 
 are proposing to instal a plant with a capacity of 4,500 Kilowatts in 
 Chittagong. 
 
 On this side of Pakistan some developments have already taken 
 place. Orders have been placed for generating sets with a capacity 
 of 20,000 Kilowatts and the Warsak Project is now on the anvil. This 
 projectshould giveus 125,000 Kilowatts of power. Besides this, there 
 is the Mianwali Project in West Punjab which will generate 21,000 
 Kilowatts in Stage No. 1 and rise to 70,000 Kilowatts of power in its 
 final stage. There are also afew other schemes which are now being 
 investigated, such as the Ghazi Scheme and the Darband Scheme. 
 
 All these schemes, including those for Karachi City, where we 
 hope to be able to provide a regular supply of 30,000 Kilowatts be- 
 fore the end of 1951, will be integrated into one over-all plan. 
 
 I must here call attention to a change that has recently taken 
 place inthe attitude of Government in this matter. Originally Govern- 
 ment approached this problem fromthe point of view of requirements 
 of power for domestic, agriculturalor industrial purposes. The angle 
 of approach now is somewhat different. On my recent tour abroad, I 
 noted how industries follow the provision of electric power. Once the 
 motive power is made available, we may safely depend on our people 
 taking full advantage of it in establishing industries --big and small. 
 
 I shall now turn to capital requirements of the country. You 
 have already heard from the Prime Minister that our requirements 
 have been estimated in the next five years at 3 billion rupees in so 
 far as industrial development of the country is concerned. Believing 
 as we do in the rapid and orderly development of our resources, we 
 have of necessity to ensure that the flow of capital to the extent 
 requiredis provided for. We are not unaware of certainfactors which 
 have impeded such flow, especially in so far as local investors are 
 concerned. There is, however, no doubt that even when all that is 
 necessary in this regard is done there will still be need for assist- 
 ance from abroad. It is within the common knowledge of all that de- 
 velopment in other countries took place not with the help of local 
 
 7 t.. 
 
capital but mainly on account of the investors from abroad. There is 
 no better example that I can cite than that of the United States of 
 America itself or of the various major Republics of South America. 
 In the Commonwealth countries also, Canada provides the most at- 
 tractive field for investment of American capital. There is no reason 
 why Pakistan should not take advantage of such capital as may be 
 offered for investment in our country. We have; therefore, after full 
 consideration decided to welcome such capital and to provide the nec- 
 essary guarantees of a reasonable character. I hope that when the 
 handicaps from which investors abroad suffer, which are not within 
 our control, are removed, there will be greater flow of capital into 
 Pakistan. 
 
 Pakistan Industries Promotion Corporation 
 
 Ihave heard it asked by some foreigners that if Pakistan is 
 really so sure about the economics of certainindustrial projects why 
 it is that her people or her Government, do not promote these proj- 
 ects and demonstrate to the world by deeds. This is not an unfair 
 question. We have, as you have heard already, decided to establish 
 an “Industries Promotion Corporation” which will be responsible 
 for the development of certain specified industries. Government will 
 sponsor these projects and invest their moneys. They have every 
 reason to think that once they take the first step,investors will follow 
 their lead and will come forward in large numbers and seek to re- 
 place Government capital in these industries. 
 
 The Industries which Government are sponsoring have already 
 been listedin the working paper circulatedto you under item 8 of the 
 Agenda. For the present Government contemplate such projects as 
 Jute Mills, Paper, Fertilizer, Steel, Rubber Tyres & Tubes, Heavy 
 Chemicals, Heavy Engineering and Shipbuilding which may require a 
 capital roughly of 350million rupees. In sofar as Jute Mills are con- 
 cerned, Government have already decided to establish three such 
 mills with a total loomage of 3,000. This is only the first instalment 
 and I hope that by the end of 1954-"55 we wouldhave developed another 
 three mills with another 3,000 looms in accordance with the target 
 fixed by the first Industries Conference. 
 
 In the case of Paper Project, you are aware that Government 
 invited Consulting Firms from Canada and Sweden to advise them in 
 this matter. Both these Consultants have reported. Their reports are 
 under the active consideration of Governmentand Government expect 
 that when the Special Officer, whose appointment has been sanctioned, 
 takes charge in the very near future, it will be possible to expedite 
 all arrangements connected with the fruition of this project. Govern- 
 ment hope to be able to place orders for the necessary machinery by 
 the end of this year. 
 
 The third project which Government are sponsoring is the Fer- 
 tilizer Project in connection with which a Mission is now in Pakistan, 
 consisting of representatives of two well-known chemical concerns -- 
 Messrs. Power Gas Corporation of U. K. and the Chemical Construction 
 Company of U. S. A. Government are provisionally of the view that 
 a factory with a capacity of 100,000tons of ammonium sulphate should 
 be established in West Punjab to meet the growing requirements of 
 fertilizer in the country. I am glad to be able to tell you in this 
 connection that an offer of a well-known Belgian firm--Union Chimique 
 
 ae 
 
Belge--to assist in giving us their appreciation of the situation has 
 also been received and accepted by Government. It is expected that 
 the Belgian Experts will shortly be around Pakistan--one of them has 
 already contactedthe Ministry inKarachi--and will giveus the bene- 
 fit of their advice. 
 
 The other two projects to which I would like refer here are: 
 Rubber Tyre and Tube Project and Steel Project. Government have 
 accepted the offer of Messrs. Dayton Rubber Company of U.S. A. to 
 carry out a survey of conditions in Pakistan and to give a blue print 
 for a factory with the capacity of 600 tyres and six hundred tubes a 
 day. As regards the Steel Project, Government have asked Pakistan 
 High Commissioner in London to contact the consultants there whose 
 offer has already been received and considered by Government. It is 
 expected that arrangements will shortly be finalised for a survey of 
 Pakistan in connection with the Steel Project. 
 
 I should not forget to mention here the survey that has already 
 been carried out of our coal resources by Messrs. Powell Dufferin 
 Technical Services Ltd., of U: K. whose report, I understand, is on 
 the way. We expect to be able to make the best use of our coal re- 
 sources with the help of technical advice which our friends abroad 
 have offered to us. . 
 
 In order to complete the picture of the surveys carried out or 
 contemplated I must mention the invitation that we extended to an ex- 
 pert from the Bureau of Reclamation of the Department of Interior of 
 the: U. S. A. Government, an invitation which has been accepted, to 
 survey our river basins and to advise us on the need and desirability 
 of setting up Regional Authorities of the TVA type in Pakistan. We 
 hope to be able to have this expert amongst us in the very near future. 
 
 On the geological side also, we have recruited senior men; some 
 of them are well-known figures both here and abroad. Minerals, as 
 you know, are the skeleton of industry and I have little doubt that as 
 our knowledge of our resources grows so will our capacity to use 
 them for the benefit of one and all. 
 
 There are many other items on which I would like to speak to 
 you, such as financial assistance to industry, tariff protection and 
 transport. I refrain from doing so not only because I have already 
 circulated to you working papers on these, but mainly because I have 
 called this conference not so much to tell you our views but to listen 
 to your views and your suggestions and, in the light of these, to de- 
 termine our course of action. 
 
 Cottage Industries 
 
 There is, however, one matter which does not arise directly but 
 which is of such vital importance to the economy of Pakistan that I 
 feel justified in referring to it here and that is Cottage Industries. 
 West Punjab has,for decades now, been the home of such Industries. 
 Their importance cannot be.over-estimated, whether it be from the 
 point of view of the wealth they produce, the numbers they employ or 
 the contentment and the happiness which they spread throughout the 
 land. Responsibility for the promotion of these industries, as you 
 know, is not directly that of the Centre except in areas which are 
 under its control. But the Centre is vitally interested in these 
 
 bo ae 
 
Industries notonly because of their importance for the reasons already 
 given, but also as a means of absorbing the hundreds of thousands of 
 refugee-artisans who have migrated to Pakistan. Ina recent report 
 published by the Department of Supply and Development, a scheme 
 has been worked out for the rehabilitation of some of the refugees 
 concentrated in Karachi. This will cost Government under 300,000 
 rupees in the form of outright grants and 1,800,000 rupees as loans 
 and advances. Under the scheme will be established 34 Industrial 
 Co-operatives which will help to absorb 2,000 families of refugee- 
 artisans in as many as l17 different types of Cottage Industries. 
 
 I shouldalso refer toa scheme being drawn up under the orders 
 ' of my Hon’ble colleague, Mr. J. N. Mandal, for the amelioration of the 
 Scheduled Castes, especially of Eastern Pakistan, from out of the 
 grant of 1,000,000 rupees made by the Central Government over the 
 last two years. 
 
 I must not omit to mention the contribution which the Quaid-i- 
 Azam Relief Fund has made for the rehabilitation of the refugee ar- 
 tisans of Karachi. A sum of 500,000 rupees has been placed at the 
 disposal of aSub-Committee of whichI am the Chairman. I haveonly, 
 a few days ago, approved the scheme submitted to me for the estab- 
 lishment of a model colony to accommodate fifty refugee families at 
 a total cost of 350,000 rupees. Here will be provided all up-to-date 
 amenities such as a shopping circle, a recreation centre, and work 
 sheds apart from modest but neat tenements. 
 
 Iam mentioning these because the Centre is vitally interested 
 in the development--on an orderly basis--of Cottage Industries. The 
 interests of cottage workers will not, I can assure one and all, be 
 sacrificed, because the Centre is directly responsible for the devel- 
 opment of large scale industries. In other countries of the world, the 
 cottage units workin the closest co-operation with bigger units. There 
 is no reason why development of the two should not go hand in hand 
 in Pakistan. 
 
 Finally, I would like to invite from you a frank expression of 
 your views in ail matters of moment arising out of the agenda. As I 
 said at an earlier stage, we are met here to learn a little more than 
 we do of.one another’s pointof view and to see how each can help the 
 other to attain the common object which we all have and that is, in 
 the words of our Statement of Industrial Policy of April 1948 “an 
 improvement in the standard of living of the people, brought about by 
 harnessing, to the maximum extent possible, the forces and the 
 treasures of nature, in the service of the people.” 
 
 From the account that I have given, you will, I hope, agree with 
 me that we have tried our best to live up to the exhortationof the late 
 Quaid-i-Azam when he said that the foundationof the state having been 
 laid “It is now for you to build and build as quickly and as well as 
 you can.” 
 
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