FIGs 1 EGse2 IGS. 1 and 2 show the size of two concrete beams which we had tested at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Fig. 1 is plain con- crete without reinforcement. Fig. 2 is reinforced with steel bars in the bottom of the beam. ‘The vertical arrow shows the number of pounds of load carried before failure in each. A concrete beam loaded as indicated is in tension at the bottom and in compression at the top. Concrete is comparatively weak in tension and strong in compression. It will be seen that if steel is placed in the bottom of such a beam, it will take up all the tension and the beam can fail only by the breaking or slipping of the bar, or the crushing of the concrete at the top of the slab. Figuring the size of the steel necessary to take up the tension in the bottom and the compression of the concrete in the top of such a slab is the fundamental basis of all re- inforced concrete design. ‘Throughout all the work shown in this catalogue, you will see this principle applied repeatedly. The calculations of these strains is comparatively simple, and assuming good workmanship, this material can be figured as accurately as steel or any other building material. It is to be noted that Portland cement concrete protects steel from corro- sion. This is, today, generally conceded. For one who wishes to look up the general subject of reinforcement, any of the following books will prove satisfactory : REINFORCED CONCRETE, by C. F. Marsh. TREATISE ON CONCRETE: PLAIN AND REINFORCED, by Messrs. Taylor and ‘Thompson. REINFORCED CONCRETE, by A. W. Buell and C. S. Hill. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 2 REINFORCING METAL ESIDES bars, various forms of mesh reinforcement are used in concrete construction. In buying such mesh, it is to be noted that the strength of all reinforcement depends entirely upon the cross section of metal; or, what amounts to the same thing, the weight of steel reinforcement per square foot of floor or wall surface. Accordingly, in buying any reinforcement, it would be well to look up the weight per unit of floor or wall, and if the mesh weighs less than the bar, you will find that you are getting less strength for your money with the lighter form of steel. For our own convenience and for sale, we carry a stock of cold-twisted steel on hand in Boston and can make deliveries immedtately. For weights, sizes, etc., see opposite page. These bars are twisted cold and any imperfection in the bar will show up in process of twist- ing. Accordingly, each bar has been thoroughly tested and the chance of faulty material reduced to a minimum. Incidentally, the strength of the bar is increased by the twisting. REGARDING THE VALUE OF DEFORMED BARS It is only necessary to note that the United States Engi- neers use this material in fortification work, and that the Boston Transit Commission uses tons of this material after the most careful tests and with the broadest experience in concrete construction. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON COLD-TWISTED STEEL BARS 3 1/4 in. square. Weight .212 lb. per ft. Area .0625. Price, base plus 70 cents. 3/8 in. square. Weight .478 lb. per ft. Area 1406. Price, base plus 50 cents. 1/2 in. square. Weight .850 Ib. per ft. Area .2500. Price, base plus 20 cents. 5/8 in. square. Weight 1.328 lbs. per ft. Area .3906. Price, base plus 10 cents. We can deliver from stock in lengths up to 32 feet. Ultimate strength, 75,000 Ibs. per square inch. Elastic limit, 59,000 lbs. per square inch. Extras on small bars are per hundred pounds. Any length or size from mill delivery ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 4 DAMS Licensed to build under patents owned by Ambursen flydraulic Construction Co., Boston, ROCK BOTTOM F the dam is built according to the cut at the top of this page, with the sloping edges of the buttresses upstream and with a reinforced concrete deck bearing on these, the weight of the water tends to hold the dam in place. The lines of force all fall inside the base of the dam. The saving of material and accordingly the increased speed of building and the decrease in price is obvious. This type can be built at a lower cost and more quickly than any other type of masonry dam. Dams of this type are in use in various parts of the country, and many are in process of construction. We will give you reference to the one nearest your vicinity if you care to look into the matter. We will give an estimate made up to the best of our ability, showing the probable cost of any proposed dam, but owing to the uncertainty of any water work, we do not care to take a lump-sum contract for any river work. For this class of construction, we ask for a contract on which we are paid a named sum for superintendence, use of plant and design, or for any one of these: actual cost of the work to be paid for by the owner; or if desired, for a contract for day work where we draw a percentage on the actual cost of the material and labor entering into construction. These dams are covered by patents owned by the Ambursen Hydraulic Construction Co. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON DAMS “‘syueq ysiy usemjyeq ApVJIMs suns 19aty tonbsissiyy ey, “Yystay winuIxeU jooz OF ‘BuoT yoaz OLz “LA ‘SONIYdS NOGISHS ‘WWd ‘O90 diNd IONDSISSIN "OD HO1JINASUOD) MVYI439 F AQ WING ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON DAMS *9}91NUOD JsapIVY VY} JO YOY} oof GIy} Wep JO JSaID “YOY OF MOF SaYxVO UT UMOP SaUIOD BdT “peq A19A aie suUOIIpUOD dor Suruds ay} ‘staat uroyjzou Auvut ut sv puv ‘AQunoo proo Ayfensnun ut st sty, “LA ‘SONIYdS NOQG13HS ‘WvG "OD UOIZINAJSHOD MLBY,LagQY AQ JJIN_T ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON Built by Aberthaw afte Co. LOOKING THROUGH LENGTH OF DAM SHELDON SPRINGS Note chance for inspection. Such passage can be used instead of a bridge if desired. Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. DETAIL OF FRONT OF DAM, SHELDON SPRINGS ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON DAMS ‘OD UOTPONAYsUOD I[NeIpAT] ussinqury fo ssuadl] Jepun pure suryd oj surpsos9V "ACN ‘S3TIMAYATANHOS ‘WVG uoJULA ® Jayony, Aq ying ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON DAMS 9 CONCRETE-STEEL APRON-FRONT DAM ROCK FOUNDATION AND HIGH HEAD CONCRETE-STEEL OPEN-FRONT DAM LEDGE FOUNDATION ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 10 FOUNDATIONS ASS concrete foundations are in too general use to need comment. A concrete foundation is stronger than a block stone wall, and it can accordingly be built thinner, usually showing an economy in price. Where it is desirable to distribute the load under a wall, bars placed in the bottom of the footing allow a broad spread (Fig. 1). Fig. 2 shows spread footing for a column. ENGINE FOUNDATIONS Material weighs 144 lbs. per cubic foot to 112 lbs. per cubic foot of brickwork. oo Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. . Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. MACHINE FOUNDATIONS TURBINE FOUNDATION L St. Powerhouse, Edison Electric Boston & Northern St. Ry. Power Co., South Boston. Station, Quincy. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON CONCRETE-STEEL ARCH BRIDGES it Built by A berthaw Construction Co. WALLEY BRIDGE, WILLIAMSTOWN, MASS. For Massachusetts Highway Commission. This style of bridge is low-priced. Per- manent. Good looking. No maintenance charges. WE DESIGN AS WELL AS BUILD POPE MEMORIAL BRIDGE, EAST MACHIAS, ME. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 12 FLOORS ee floor construction is light, quick of construction and very rigid. Concrete on steel frame may be built according to any one of the following types. HE steel and thickness of the slab can be proportioned to carry any given load. The slab can be made the equal in strength of the steel frame. Probably no better protection against rust can be given the frame of a building than surrounding it with concrete. Floors may be finished with granolithic so as to be waterproof. Note that strong acids attack concrete, and where the floor is to be exposed to the action of acids, it is well to make provision for removing the top surface without destroying the rest of the floor. Built by A berthaw Construction Co, BROWN & SHARPE MFG. CO. Steel frame embedded in concrete. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON ALL CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION 13 . ~ As ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO: fy 33.000 LBS : CONCENTRATED” LOAD }os.* 24. FEET. OREAR SPAN PON SON NDER heavy loads, or where a specially rigid floor is necessary, a floor built with concrete beams proves thorough- ly satisfactory. Concrete columns show an economy over steel columns for moderate loads. They occupy but little more space than a steel column fireproofed. Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. BUILDING 42 Test load of 38,000 lbs., equal to 1000 Ibs. per foot. There was no meas- urable deflection under this load. Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. BUILDING 42, NAVY YARD, CHARLESTOWN, MASS. 25-ft. spans. Floor tested as above shown. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 14 FLOORS Built by Biaisee Construction Co. ; FLOORS, AMERICAN OPTICAL CO., SOUTHBRIDGE, MASS. Concrete columns, girders, beams. Carries heavy, fast running machinery without vibration. i ss Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. : SURFACE OF FLOOR, AMERICAN OPTICAL CO. Granolithic finish, calked joints, waterproof, drained to gutters. Lockwood, Greene, Architects. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON FLOORS bs All floors, col- umns, stairs are of reinforced con- Crees Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. EXTERIOR, SOLVENT PLANT, ARLINGTON MILLS, LAWRENCE, MASS. Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. SOLVENT PLANT, ARLINGTON MILLS Note that columns and floors are neatly painted. Dry concrete will take oil paint satisfactorily. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 16 WALLS UILT in forms, concrete wall costs more per cubic foot than brickwork, but thinner sections can be used, because the material averages perhaps four to five times the strength of brick walls and absorbs but one-third as much moisture. Built hollow, such a wall is warm and dry, and with proper reinforce- ment there is little danger of cracking. Built by A berthaw Construclion Oe DETAIL OF CONCRETE WALL Built by A iévtbiek G TIT Co. CONTAGIOUS WARD, HOSPITAL, WALTHAM, MASS. _ Picked surface, hollow walls nine inches thick, reinforced with steel. Inside plaster directly on concrete without furring. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON V7] WALLS ALISHSAINN GYVAYWH ‘WNIGVLS “1T1WM "OD UOLJINAJSUOD MVYJ4ag FY AQ INT ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 8 RETAINING WALLS FIG.3 FIG. 4 REINFORCED RETAINING WALLS IG. 3 shows counterforts on the back tied down to broad footings. ‘The weight of the bank will hold a reinforced retaining wall in place. Fig. 4 shows a wall with buttresses acting in compression. This type of wall is thoroughly economical, making a good saving in material without loss of strength. DAM ABUTMENT WALL, COUNTER- RETAINING WALL WITH FORTS ON THE BACK BUTTRESSES ON THE FRONT ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON STAIRS 19 FIREPROOF. QUIET UNDER TRAFFIC Where stairs run between brick walls, they can be set like stone steps. We quote on these on board cars, reinforced with steel and well finished. Built by A berthaw Construction Co. STAIRS, THOS. G. PLANT FACTORY Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. WAREHOUSE, BOSTON WHARF Co. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 20 COAL POCKETS HOUGH absolutely fireproof, the cost of concrete probably shows a profitable investment compared with wood construction for coal pockets We will make designs and estimates for pockets of any capacity. Fig. 5 shows coal pocket elevated on piers to allow emptying from below. Fig 6 shows section of storage plant on the ground with tunnels under the coal. Where stored loose in heaps, it is sometimes desirable to carry such tunnels under the coal for convenience in loading. Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. COKE POCKET, BROWN & SHARPE MFG. CO. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON TANKS 21 E have built concrete tanks especially for paper-mill work which have proved satisfactory. They are finished smooth with troweled mortar on the inside; are permanent, and probably show investment over wood. Except where exposed to acid, they can be counted on as permanent, water- tight, and clean. “a Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. CONCRETE STANDPIPE, ATTLEBORO, MASS. Pipe 118 feet high, 50 feet in diameter. Largest reinforced standpipe built. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 22 CHIMNEYS J ee ee HIS type of chimney is ase coming into some prominence. It is low-priced, of rapid construc- tion. The United q Shoe Machinery 4 Codie beverly. a have had one con- crete chimney in use for a year, and have recently built another. The Arlington Mills, at Law- rence, are build- ing one. - fi —s ae . 2 ; x es Nie CENTRAL LARD CO., JERSEY CITY, Built by Morris Bldg. Co. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON VAULT LIGHTS 23 Adopted by New York and Philadelphia Transit Commission Jor use in Subways. OR use in floors subjected to heavy loads, our reinforced sidewalk vault light is of value. This light is built in place, cast on top of wooden forms; will fit any inequality in the surrounding work; is watertight, and as little slippery as any light. SHOWING METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION After concrete is set, wooden forms are removed. Built by A aE Construction Co. ROOF OF RANGE FINDERS OF ABERTHAW LIGHTS This type of roof is used by the U. S. Engineers in fortifications of New York, New London, Newport, Boston, and Portland. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 24 CONCRETE BLOCKS OLLOW concrete blocks have come into prominence in the West. In new England, their value has not yet been generally recognized. A prejudice against concrete blocks has been created by the at- tempt of many makers to imitate stone work. The results of this imitation have averaged poorly. We question the possibility of making a satisfactory concrete wall which will look like good stonework — but it is possible to make a good-looking concrete wall of these blocks. Blocks are made either of slightly moistened concrete rammed into a machine, or else of wet con- crete such as is used in the best masonry. The latter method makes a hard, impervious block which is waterproof. Unless special provision is made for waterproofing the dry block, it is likely to prove too porous for good wall construction. With such waterproofing, properly made dry blocks are excel- lent. ‘The wet process block is the more expensive and is the stronger. This form of wall construction is the lowest priced concrete wall avail- able. In many cases it will show an economy over brick. It recommends itself for walls of storehouses, for yard walls, or anywhere low-priced masonry is needed. At present, more advertising of block machines is being put out than for the sale of the blocks themselves. It is probably oftener economy to buy blocks than to purchase a machine. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON CONCRETE BUILDINGS 25 BUILDING made wholly of concrete is probably the lowest priced fire- A proof structure made, — certainly no other material is as durable and as fireproof. There is no delay waiting for steel frame, and construction is rapid. The building increases in strength from year to year. When properly designed and intelligently built, no building is better. Built by R. L. Fosburgh Co. UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CO.’S PLANT, BEVERLY, MASS. All buildings wholly of reinforced concrete ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 26 CONCRETE FRAME HE frame of a building may be successfully built of Reinforced Con- crete. This style of construction has been used in Europe more generally than in this country. Of late it has come into prominence, and its use will probably increase. Its rigidity, freedom from rust, and its safety under fire, are much in its favor. ia aes Built by A berthaw Construction Co. CONCRETE FRAME, WAREHOUSE FOR PORTLAND SAVINGS BANK, PORTLAND, ME. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON YARD GATES AND WALLS 27 Popes pote estctnk tak ptte tp te rake beat a Es Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. GATE, L ST. POWER STATION, EDISON ELECTRIC CO., BOSTON Caps and bases of concrete. Built by A berthaw Construction Co. CONCRETE YARD WALL AND ENTRANCE ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON DWELLING HOUSES 28 ‘SUOTJIPUOD a[GLIOALJUN JOU LaPUN UO PaLIeD WOPAS ST YOM 9}a1NU0D PayslUlY *S9ILIS pawusy ey} WosZ jUas sem juerd pur sfoo} [Ty ‘uowlaros paouatiedxo zapun pakordura sem 10qe[ PATVEN *9}2}S9 STY} WO SaNJON.YS U9y FIN OA "1 '°M ‘a ‘WOIVINW? ‘OINOLNY LYOd ‘3SNOH 3LAYONOD OD UO1INAISUO]) MvY,4ag F AQ BING ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON STADIUM S) \o Largest Single Concrete Structure in the World, STADIUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY Built by Aberthaw Construction Co. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON 30 STADIUM Built by A berthaw Construction Co. : DETAILS OF CONSTRUCTION, STADIUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON COMPARATIVE FIRE TESTS eI PRIL 11, 1902, all combustible material inside the Pacific Coast Borax Co.’s Refinery at Bayonne, N. J., was burned. The fire was hot enough to fuse cast iron. The main factory was of reinforced concrete with wooden roof. ‘The annex was ordinary steel frame. The cuts show the two after the fire. A little plastering repaired all damage to the concrete. ABERTHAW CONSTRUCTION CO., BOSTON