AN DELIVERED 42* WORCESTER, JW.s*:.~s:.. ow ‘mm FOURTH 011‘ JULY, 1314., -'"W-'-"Im»M$‘!'2'!JvI---- BY REJOICE NEWTON, 121%. -—-»-m:~:::-:-eauv--~ mzwsrsn A <2’ %z;roza.?:£s9~'.e I123 VBY ISAAC STURTEVANT.. M»-my ct: ‘ 18.14., % 7% for the press. % To Rmoxcm NEVWTO‘N, E”sc{;;%%‘ 3'12, % ‘ THE undersigned, 9. Committee on behalf of ‘the Fed’e1'ztE? I{epub1icza;1.s, asse1nbl~e:1% at the bower, n.ea.r1f.he north meeting- house, tender you the thanks of that asscmblfi "f(>;a;1'5*%1;*,+"t)'13%;1I5f$ing<;;. nious ~Oration p~ronoum§-‘ed this ,day,V and ~r,equest of yo1.i Ta for publication.‘ 1s”A‘IAH THO MAS, A ‘ JONAS HQVVE, M/'orce.9t‘cr, July 4, 1814. Wfi s.%M.BURNé1DE, % %A } Cozmxzittec; GENTLEMEN, PRES UMVING that suitable allowzmce willibemade fort1w shortness of time given me for preparing the performance which I have 121113 day exhibitecl, I herewith transmit a copy Your Hémzble »S'-c7'*ua72z‘, % % R. NE.VVT‘O_N-. ‘ Bunuaxnni, % ‘ ' In ~ ~ E£q)‘8. *4 “ ‘ I.%I*IoW1z'.. % % T’Vd'rce.ste7", 4th July‘, 1814. A A . ‘ oRMr1oN. L A A A. NEW era has conmlenced in thehistoly of the Worlcl. o 3;T.Ve11ts ‘which hzwe “c:11+<:en p‘}2,1‘ce‘sei11ee thepMp41aete1"etL11"11 of *t11isear111p;iversa1%y, have freed the con,- ti11ee1“1t”of EL11"opeWf1*om the fem; eof'eunivers:1!L dominion, have br*oke11 the arrneeof the opp1fesso1*, and let the o )- p1*essed go free; Whezre tyr::m11y swayed its iro11 seep- ‘tore, a11d'si1ent‘:31averybowed 5-mblniz-zsive, liberty now rises triumphant. The old World is i~estoz*ed 'tomore 1:11anjforme1~ hztppineoss; but our own country "is placed in 21 more embarrassing eittmtion, them We h.;Weeeve1~ [before “WitI1e~s*soe”d; si11ce°~¢he ee'emb1ie11me1atpeof em inc1e—; A pe1*1deneee.eV T'11oug1'1 the ssm-pent, w*hich has: boegueiled us A inteo all our former troubles, is.-so ::atr:.mg1ed;,. md we are 111 no 1111mec11:.-rte c1:.1ng'ereof looaog; our hbertiers, yet doubts and thick: cL'-ufiezxmesss attend our f11tuwe de:~:-atinies. But wlmtever,1nay"be the probable efieet of these grezn: o::11z-mges, upon this co1111try, the p§‘1i1z111tl1ropist will find much cause c>f'1*e>;§oiei1*1gi11 thep1*ospeet::; they L.‘-3.fl‘OeIY'd of restoring‘ the rights z,11‘1dpe:s:te11di1;1g t11epge1ie1'a1 e1iI“>ert:Eesp of mzmkind. A A j x A A 1 A It is 21 Sillglilzjil‘ omtl an importemt fact in the hi:5to1*y of the World, ptlmt within the last year, everyi1m,tiox'1, w11ich p1*etend:;z to be a civilized am‘: Chzfistiozu 1a;;a.tic;~1'a, was, arthe {same t11*ncr,oe11g21egec1 i1*1‘21psta£e of ‘c“ieoL:e.red and active wva1*i"a1*e. T11f3eCaLlS€S and chaiezupp of e*vlents, Whxch led to so eXt1"£1(51‘CIii1£11’y 2111 oocurrenoe, aujc sub}- jects of 1I1L1CI1‘&"iI)€"fC11lL1ti01‘l. Although fhi:-3 zsrmteof thmgs 1s g*e11e1*a11y attributed topthe French‘revolution, ~ande may, perhaps, be considered as having its» rise in 4 that event, yet the revolution itself was not so much the cause of the latetransactioris in Europe, as the un- ' fortunate manner in which it ter1ninated.~ Had it passed oil" as nationalgrevolutrons generally have, the liberties of the French people would have been erilarged and i extended. Every successive revolution in England, . since -tl'*1econquest, has tended to soften the rigours of the Government, which was then established. ;The l revolutions of Russia, Sweden, and other continental powers, have generally fixed, their governments on firirnerbases, and secured to the peoplethe rights, and privileges for which they were undertalcen. But all these revoluattions had for their object an abridgment of nionarchical tusurpations, under the same sovereign, or the esgaltation of another, E with more limited powers, . and not a radical r-changeirty the form of their govern- ments. Had the A inhabitants of France confined them- selves to these objects, as was generally intended, when the work of reformation “commenced, theytrnight have . remedied the evils of which they had reason to com.» plain, and the -interference of- neighbouring nations izvouldt not a have béwtifllt excited, Even after they had dethroned ,tl16.l_1,f5r..SOV€I'(i‘Il_gl71,; after they had passed the clinian of tlieir freritay and become satisfied, that the vvildaznd eajtravagantyliiberties,which they had so much sougl1t:afteTr,’ yveremore intolerable thari itltei,1* former slavtery f; at that ti1ne,,iil1ad almost any man, who was disposed tocultivate the arts oftpeaee, and wl1opos~ sessed no more than the corntnori ambition of sover- eigns, been placed on the throne of France, the condi- t_i_*on of r the country might liave been much better, than under its former rulers. » At: the time the first Consul 4: "Was declared, a" favourable concurrentre of 3 circurrn- standesl tended to render the reign of a virtuous rnonn arch easy, peaceable and glorious. The Whole conti.— nent was then, erthattsted by the long cqritiliuance of A = sangturnary wars, and sxglnng forpeace. . Tl1erexyten- A sive royal ydornanzs, and the II1OI10pOl1§€ClW€*ttlltl1. of the '.“‘ J.) nobles and clergy of France, Whicli were t‘orme1'ly= the greatest €VllS of that government, had been Cori... fiscated and distributed in such 311131117161‘, as to prevent v i a return of those oppressions, vvhiehtliey lmcl produced, ~ is The impressions made on the minds of the peopleby‘ the desolatinlg scenes of the revolution, were still so deep as tobea sufficient security agaiiist a repetitiozt of former outrages. The nation was sufliciently pow» erful to prevent enoroaohments and insults from neigh- bouring powers, and tniglit ltzwe commanded an honw oumble treaty‘ with every g;overrlr_r1ent on the eonthietity t But the mam, whorthen eontroled the destinies of the nation, lmci no relish for the calm enjloyments of }'.itC{.lC€‘.““ The din of arms, the convulsions of his own gove1*n— intent, the conquest of countries and the destruction of A maitltincl, was the 1;tlll“11(:‘l'1t which had nourished his growth and strengthened his power, and no other food could satisfy the cravings of his devouring appetite. To hispersonal ambition rnay be attributedtltel-loxtg eontiiitted Wars in Europe, and the novel 2:-md ciisetstrous eoriditioniof the worlclit for at fewr y'ea1*spast-W-a1idttso' long as he had retained even the name of E1r1pe1~ot11~; no clttralaleipeace could _ ltavebeerieztpeetecl. VVhat engagemeiits did he ever fulfil, which it tvas his i1‘1t€‘1_“- est to violate 5.’ Vvlltlt rigltts oftmttioris did he leverre. speet, which interfered with his Wishes“? Vflizit trestv it ever prevented his committirigdepredations or indttced A him to make reparation for injuries done to £1 Weaker tally ? The mamier in which he has t1*eetetl our own goverrxinent is 21 suflicient errexnplificetion of what the world might expect from his €1'lgé;lrg€iH€v11lZE~J. A No confi. dence oouldhave been reposedirx {.1 treaty toi'§rpeaee 1”I}:2.'t(_it‘:: with liim, so long as the resources of F1~a1;loe were left under his control. Tl1OL1gl1 that xizttioriis nowttenfee- bled, erxliausted and wretched, retifew years of qui- etudervvould rencler her the most powerful tuition on the continent, even if her territories were curtariilted to ;her 3.11Cl€31"lt‘l)OL1l1(laI’l€S. A The tttgremfertility of the soil, s the densuity of i the as population, and its contiguity to other weak nations, renders France better adapted to the views of a warlileze and ambitious sovereigii, and ‘more clangjerous to the peace of Europe, than any oth-} er nation. A « But, is Napoleon new placed beyond the possibility of 1‘€11€‘Wl1'3g‘ his ambitious designs ? or at least, of h1"inging; muchtrouble and vexation upon the people of the Continent 5.’ He maythave become Wearypof the troubles, and disgiusteycl with the splendour of power ; he may have become «transformed into that meek and humble being, that will peaceably retire to a tsecluded speck of the earth, and spend the remnant ofjhis days in solitude, quietness and Christian devotions. But does a the history of man afford so great and so mi- raculous‘ a change ? Will the comparatively humble situation, to which he is now reyducejf ‘afiiill the defeats“ and disgraces which he has lately curb that V proud and ambitious spirit, which has once raised him. , from a station more humble than the one which he now’ occupies, and whicli has so frequently surmounted the most powerful obstacles to his rising fortunes ? “‘,‘ Can the Ethiopian change «hisskin or the leopard his A We cziuniot erzpect a long continuance of undisturbed harmony arnongtlpiiet nations of the continent. 2 Collisions will be frequent. as Resolutions insorne of t the govern- :ments must take places Should not A Europeopen a theatre, of su1‘iicient lententt for so great an actor, South America afi‘oz*clst an ample field for warlilre enterprize. The iinniense population of some parts of ‘~ Asia Would givean1ple«scopeVto inilitary genius and talents. The great," the -i11111“lV€1l5f3(l - fame‘ of Napoleon; as“ Warrior,- cannot be obscured by the darknessof his setting sun; Instances will frequentlyoccur, when his talents and reputation will be wanted to guide and strengthen the isubjectsof rebellion, orrtolead the armies of a weak and irnpotent sovereigt . He is not so far , reducyed‘ in ‘7 . means,“ he is not so completely exiled, but that theat~"ts of intrigue, which he has ever managed with so much}. adroitness, may and Willbe brought into action; * That he will ever tatternpt to sway the Sceptre of France a--: gain, is very improbable ;, but that he will remain con; fined to a small tract of territory, and spend theatre-a rnainder of his days among a degenerate race of peo« ple, accompanied with all the mortifications attending a a life of banisliment, is still more improbable. Hatred and revenge will be constantly, rankling in his bosom; and like the fallen angels, he will be in a continual state of conspiracy and rebellion against those, who have de..; stroyed his lbrmer greatness. ~ t l r r Tliottglt all Europelias been arrayed agailiist France; yet the ty ant being subdued, Frenchmen and France? are no longer the objects of their enmity". There, is not a nation composing the alliance, which would (2011:, sent to see ,the ancient territories of France broken up; or her power reduced below its ancient limits. There a is no other nation. Whose €XlSt(311C€. and: influence is so necessary to preserve the balance of power on the icons‘ tinent, and none which will receive so much of the fostering care of the allies in the settlement of a geiieral peace. They will give her all that streiigtli, Wliich will be necessary to p1“7f:S€*r‘V(f.“rl'ltEfI‘ relative i:rr1po1*ta11<.“ie,t Wltile at the same tll‘11C,~~ they will so limit lierbotmda-»“ ries as to preventpher eVe1r'«aeqt1ei1"ing thatsx1pc1*im.*ity,‘ 'whic~l1 may again threaten the conquest of the worlcl, l V The cvonvttlsioiisl of l§.nr'ope dnrin the slant tWtt1l‘t37-'? live a years, they C01'1€1I1ti‘-Sli of countries, the pulling down? and building up of empires, the oppression,-slavery; tt'1'1"(‘£i destruction of» people, and tl*1ewfinall e,n1a.1n;i1»9atiponr l’1*o1n:* the acornmon. tyra11t,,~1nt1sti" prodnlzztel ir.npo1~tz11it‘aht1 last-l ing changesin all the govre1=x11nentsl, Whicli l‘”l£t‘»’ti‘i1l1'lClt’31”-ii gone tlfiese repeated 1'eVol11tiQ11s. The gove1'1*11ne11ts roll. the CO11tl,I1t3“1”1l1 had generally ea;pei*ier1cecl rienel;~ut g__:;ratl.. ual alterations for several:centuries, *an~d¥ those weret et‘- A fected only by a continual r{f*€I{t€.lfl,lSlm) of 1rio11s,~rcliical poWers,and correspondent encroachments on the lii)e1*t,ies of the subjects. In several of A the governments, the rul» ershad become so despoticlc and corrupt, t11at11otl1i;11g: 7 short of a" complete overthrow of the governments themselves could meliorate the condition of the ,peo- ~ ple. Active enterprise and "great saerificeswereyytieca essary to produce the desired re_t'o1*111atio11 ; but thesa-— orifices have been beyond comparison greater thanthe object required. Had one half the consequences been foreseen by the projectorslof the reformation, it is hard« ly possible that the Work would ever have been com- ' menced. An elysiurn, of centuries duration, secured to the surviving inhabitants of the continent, tvopld not counterbalance the crimes,“ the miseries, and desola- tions, which they lh“ave;pas“sed through. But the pres-» ent condition of Europe‘ Warrants the belief, that with few exceptions’, the condition of the people will be,im- proved, and that many great and lastingblessings will grow out of this concatenation of terribleyevents. The republicks of Holland and Swaittzerland are al- most the only nations, in Europe, whichhave received. great and permanent injuries, Without the least proba- bility of deriving any lasting benefit from their afflic,-s tions. ‘ The former has been more frequently pluncler- ed, more oppressed, and has lost more of its inlixabitants in the service of their conqueror, than any other. na- tion, which has fallen under the influence of his power; The‘ ravages of despotim are marked with a, more rner-. ciless hand through the territories of this nation, than those of any other, over which the armies of A the tyrant have ilpassed, A ‘Thetcoffers of 4 Amsterdam have paid the “price of rivers of blood, spilt by their plunderer. Their former liberal governmenthas, been destroyed and their commerce annihilated, and, they have not even the shadow of a hope that they can receive any compensa- tion for all these evils, , l ‘ The people of Switzerland, until the philosophy of the Corsican school was disseminated arnong, them, 9 ‘e'nj”oyed more of the simplicity of primeval ages, than: any other nation. They tended their flocks, cultivated their vliiies, dranlr their wine, and were happy, because they had no ambition to do more. Jealousies and dis. cords, created among the clifferent Cantons, were the means by vvhich their conquest was accomplished------- jealousies and cliscorcls will ever prevent a return of that unity of action, that similarity of feeling and that , ,<3;e11eral love of country, iwhich had so long kept the Repnblick together, and which have been their princi» pal security against invasion. The purity of their “morals has been corrupted, and the simplicity of their ‘manners perverted. N 0 form or administration of Governnieiit can rencler them capable of enjoying the happiness, of vvhichthey before participated. Spain, once the most powerful and warlike nation on the, continent, l1.‘£lCl gradually, lost her power, her nation» al energy and her independence, ;The mines of Pom.» si had poisoneclpalrl the fountains of her lnatioiial gran» deur, andtlieiwhole kingdom, lied become at vvblflated mass of inactivity. A Thegoverninent, in all itsbraI1Ch—~ es, from the king, down to the menial servants of a cuss» f*,,,{j§I1"1—l1tOl1Sr.‘3 oflicer, had become a system of mutual rob» bery and depredation. The SL1l‘)j6CtS had lost all faith and confidence in their sove1*eig1i, because the sever.» eign liad lost all respect fC)1Tl'1i11'1SlCif and his snbjrects.-ew- Tlie very seeds of liberty anal patriotism WC":I70 deaclta» rncng tl"1C‘:1T1'1-- , _ V r I‘ v , Shonlcl Fercltinantl he estahlisllietli on the j,tl'lTC)i'1€?.‘ of Spaiili, and their present system of {.g,'C)V’,t31‘If1111:€3lf:lxt‘,b€3 :£s1;1p§~ ported, without civil coxnrnoti01is,,that: nation Wotgtld gaiii 1I1()l‘?C_.!fby, tl1eir,aliii.etio2‘1sp,, ‘l2‘l,1t111.'L,m1},‘: it otliem Iiatieng, EV11lC'l1 has home lvvithin the: vortex: sot” ,;tl'1e fell i:lestr0}’€:1'. T‘l1ei1* 1'I1011£11".Cl”1y'i is sntlieiently li1'nite(l., to give ,trl1(1‘,I71,fl. all tliehherty fvvl'xi<;:la tlifiyzirieleapahle of e11jnyin,g;',niitl1- ontalausimgg it. , :i'il‘1El.tpfI?igl.'1l;i‘l.i,l1’110l“1E$ttifI‘,i the courts of ‘L inqnisition, is OlVfi‘I‘tlt31‘()WI‘l, prnhaljly never the rise agaizii, , i1‘l1e,sco’iit*g~ing; wliieh tlrey il‘iave _1'<:~rL«.’f:«::l;*.i-.tea';l, shims rensetl B I330 them from t1‘1ttti'11Cfi’%"1d't1L'11 zmd mztiho-hat‘! E't!t1‘1£11“g§’; Wlfieht was the p1*111e1pa1 cause of the.1fr £'o'z‘mer dehaeen1e1e1t.--—- tNew seeds of liberty zmd patriotieln ha ve been implemted among them f1"O17x1» :1 t7oteig11 so11,zthdt11ey will probztbly here:atfte1~, establisham entirely new national elmmcter. V The ancient Govenmtent of Fra.nee,.t111t“ier 21 long and uni1>ttee1*u1:>tec1 SL1CCt”:$SiO11?0f monarchs, hacl arrived to 8; 61-egtee ot"ty1*=ann_v mud C.®1‘3tu—=1)tiO11 rarely witneesed fzn.~Eu,;rope., The subjects were degmdecl zthcl opp1*es:s-«M ed, andthad lest all comficleneze in the justieezt11c11r1e1"ej,‘v* of their sovereign. Their priueipzrzl incentivhes to 11cm- ourable anal v1rt11oL1sWeo11t1utet$were tlestroyecl, beezzms-se honour and virtue were not sure at receiving their just A-Irewardsw from the Asoverexgzn A All lmeneuts it-11C1=€lTlO1t’1~ ments were obtained byth1teiegueo1rn=e1'etthan by xnerit. fiA thvourite mistress or 1111» au‘tt‘u»l courtier. fite uentl ‘ 7 3 dictated the appointment and disgrace of xnhtisters, ttnd, the distrxbutlon. of honours, anal 1.11 many i;11S*t2111CCS, had more mfluence m the 1nat:e.ageme1.1t of the Goverm «ment than the king I1i1nseh?.. The church. establishment in F1*;.u:1ee-, l'1=ad become-zt source of me::t1cL11ab1etoppression and the worst kind of eovergro-wn aristocracy. The clergy were at pewerf L11 - instrumexlt m the hands. of the sovereign,.ho.by' whicl1 he enforced his tymnnical ediets,and stified the ;r~r1u1*111L11*e “of the oppressedt They ge11erally1ed a life of id1e11ess5, eplendour and dissipation, atltd hacl hllecl up the full measure of them miqmties. Their wealth and povver had increased to such exte11t, and their influence had become so necessary to s1.q)pox:t the pretended p1*e.. rotgatives of the lti11g, that there W218 11o131*obz1bilitt~, mld tlmrdly 21 tptossi£bi1ity,e:t11a.t their" erhtnes would even‘ be restrai11ed, Witheu.t:.1 radical etlttange in the G'OVC1‘D.... ement itself. 1 TI1oL1g11F1*a11ee must long he ehld in n1oL1rni11g, £231” the wanton wasteof the lives ot‘t11o1mauzds of her best andobravest citizens, yet her present situatio1e1 proxnitses much :.md1ast1ng happiness to the country. "“T'l‘1eir ll hexv system of Government gives them all the lib- it erty», which a luxurious and im.mora’1 people are capable of enjoying---It gives them more than the first reform- -ers of their ancient monarchy asked for. Perhaps the greatest danger to which they are now exposed, a1*is‘es fI‘On~1 the intoxiieation, which too great a drauglit at this long untasted fountain, will be likely to produce. But the siekelling; lzorror witli which they imistvieur the history of their oo1.1nt1*y,lfo1* the last twe.oty~liVe years, and the consequences of the former wild. and e::<;trava- gant abuse of the first dawn of liberty in F1‘£l11C€‘, uncler their former sovereign, will probably prevent it. At all events, they must be zimazed and confounded, at l2l'l(3l1‘p1"CSC:’1“.1‘L' condition. W7 hat mttst now be the feelings a11cli*efieotio11s of a ll‘1*encl11nan, if any such there are, who lived under the capricious Governnaent of Louis the 16th; who partoolq: of the pl”lllOSOpl1lCl{ e1ithusiasm, which first"lightecl the torch of discord in France; who joined in eo11de1n11i11g to dearly the dis- gracecl,imp1~iso1*ieclancl the then inofl‘ensive Louis, mid who assisted in bez11‘ix1gl1i1nto the scaffold; W'll10ol1£ill("3(l the crazy liberties of the Republielsz, as the perfectioz1 of human reason and the consummatioxi ol’l1uma11l1ap- A piness ; who assistecl in *21isi11g 11pz111clpL1llin_;;- clown, and “wl1o witnessed the scenes of ho1'rou1* atte1'1din_a;ia S‘W211’1‘l'1 of fleeting tyrants of the day; who g1*ee‘tecl””tI1e first ‘Consul as the saviour of the country, and the prcsleriver of its libertiels ; who aoted a part at the coronation of A the emperour; who has spent twelve years of doubtful existencet under a ruthless military despotism, and inow‘ beholcls the liglllt, the life a11cl%joy of liberty, and- denly cliffusecl tl‘1I‘OI.1g‘l1 evezjy seetio11ofthi‘s oneeclevot—- ed country 7? ot those feelale evane;sioe11t eo1taseatio3.:s, wl1io‘hiiil"1avellso frequently flattered, only to lcleeeilye theml; bgut the pure and steady flame of liberty, wliieh lighteth every man to the pe1*rna;1e11t €l‘l_]OyI’Ii1€I1t of those rights, which the (Brod of nature lms gixferi shim. Cianxlie rellectoli these sceines with aa convietion°"ofltl1eir 1:2 reality ?---—T hat the days of terrour are passed by, and a great people have become free and happy ‘Will he not View them as fantasies, a dream, enchantment ! 2 ,We may herestop and enquire, What has produced this sudden, this unparalleled reversal in the tide of con—. quest and devastation ? VVhat has stayed the hand of the spoiler ? Wliat has restored liberty and happiness, Where but yesterday, despotism stalked triumphant ? Shall we look for the first example of determined and successful resistance to tyranny, among one of the most enslaved and degenerate 1"l:tlZlO11S of the continent ‘.9 Af- ter the possessor’ of the throne of the warlike Frederick hfladlr been conquered----Afterl, the nation, of Charles the 12thhad received , a successor to the throne, from the hand of the tyrant----After the once powerful house of Austria hadsubmitted to a disgraceful andhumiliating treaty to save her ixidepeiideiicew-After a descendant of Peter the Great had purchased the liberty of his sub- jects, with the sacrifice of his imperial pride and dignity , ----After all these tliitigs had taken place, could we have expected to see the long slurnbering Spaniards, roused from their sluggish inactivity to a successful resistance oftheinvaders of their country? Howeverunerxzpected , theopposition he met with, or however singular , the fact, Napoleon may trace the ebbing tide of his powers frosmlihis first invasion of Spain. But, feeble indeed, would have been the exertions of Spain, unassisted by foreign powers. s Her »efforts resembled the last strug~ i gles of departing-life, and her effortsl‘ must soon have ceased with the life vvliich supported therm Eiiglalicl was the only salvation of Spain, from the yoke of the conqueror. l Perhaps some maybe unwilling to «hear, any good , thing attributed to your decla1*ed;and,activel ‘eneimy.-we-l They may imagine that all her former virtues larelturn- ed into vicesw-—-That all, which we l'1‘c‘!.’_VCl1€L‘1‘C‘3l'.(iil‘0I‘€3 ad-i mired inlher, lis.trransformed into ugliness and defortnia ty-we-That not to condemn her everyw act, is treason--é~ 13 Th::1tI1er touch is poieon. Sitetii‘ I Ema w*iili11gto'oii’e11d zmd Wlsh no communion with "them. i A i hliglaxid, I say, at natiozo, whose virtuesand even Wi1OS€VC1‘11'I1€‘S iL?W€ always mzemifeossted ta g‘1‘€8;t11CSS of character, was the only pO>W€‘I‘,‘ ‘whiczhiciidor Could pm. A vent the entire conquest of Spain and the A imposition of .22. foreign despot on the throne. A ii/i1ateve1~ n1ig‘ht'i1£l.VC been the motive which ieciiiceci Engianrito aii"ordi1“e+ lief, /zzmzanity cZen2ar2de(1‘t:11e imt, A and in its corise- queneee, it hae proved an ineetimabie blessing“ to mam. iszind. It first convimzedzxii1eeci.i11g.g~ worlccl, timt ithe lea; ;i3i<'>ns of the ciestiroyer werenotii‘1“vii1oii3ie--It”ei "en-gth... ened the hopes of Europe, that the gigzizitiiwig sstridee of the conqueror Would, one day, be s'tz.1yec].-—-it gave new :3t1*e1.1gtl1 Efllld new energy to mitioiis, which 1w;d“loz1§; etibiiiitteci to their b11I"ti1€“i‘l&3, because they‘ lmd no em peeitations of tiirowing tliem off. I T he opposition in Spain ? g1*eat1yiirec111ced the Y strengtiii of Napo1eo11 and distracted his energies. V ‘A It occupied manyof his vet-L eran troops,whti“cho would otherwieetrl1ave‘i been employ?-. ed in thieieoriqtiest of the N o13*th.»” 7‘ Hard Spain been i1;eft% to herself, she‘ A must soon have ~st1b1n‘ittec1, ”a11d”W11en all the troops 01’ Frame vve1*eico11icei1trated and ready to act on a single point, we eanohardiy believe tliati ailithe Cosszicks%‘i0f the Russizm. wi1d“s,to1~ the “ f1~ig;11ti‘L11 eli... m::*n.te” of Moecow, would have been able to check their progress. They would l1a've‘imov*ec1* onelike the ragixig of the e1e1ne11ts,.1eavi11g notliing but‘ cleatli and desele- tion behind them,i’i till the wmit of eotuiitriee to conqtler, would liave stayed tlieir proud and £1111bi.i:iOL1S' cotmse. The invader was deceived in the opposition which prevented his coinpletiiig the COI1qI_1CSt”0fSpai11., ‘W.hen he planned and eommeneed his 11oii~thet*11i*cmipa1gi1, more thantliree ‘quartersof thecountry wasm his pee» session. = Tl‘1e~opposing armies were confined to aisim:.il " “tract of teeriitory and 2tfl‘€1iCi'tOiV€11tiL11"3E: from their places of reftige. iThe COLm.tt‘y wast ieppairexitly exl1auste‘d and beyomzl the last struggles of death. But they soon -ms proved that they were not dead, but sleeping, to awaitse with new energies and new strength. I They soon be» gan to rise in proportion to tliewrongs with which they had been afliicted; and every drop of blood. spiltin Spain; like the blood which fell from the head of the fabled Medusa, reared up a brood of serpents, which . infested,ienfeeblecl, and gradually destroyed the troops of the invader. l iNapoleon was also deceived in the mode of warfare, Wl1lClIWE.1S carried on against him in the North. .He was deceived in the combination of vvisdom and tal- ents, Withvvhich he there had to contend. He had be- fore encountered alliances, and he had asloften distract. ed and confounded them. He had always‘ been able to divide andconquer. But he never before contend. edwith an alliance, combining so muchjwisdom, so much patriotism‘ anddetermined resistance to his pro- jects of universal dominion. It was not the narrow policy of individual interest which called the nations together, but the mutual and magnanimous determina- _tion of freeing a World from slavery. The basis on which they 1.1111lZ€d Was coextensive with the object of their union. They swore eternal friendship to each other, and leternalilenmi std the tyrant of Europe. Napoleon had been a?“customed to conquer, then to plunder and enslave the unhappy victims of his power.‘ But. in his march toWai*cls the capitol of the Czars, . thouglir he overran a vast extent ofrterritory; yet he found no plunder to satiate the raplacxtyt of his follow- ers, he fottnd no subjects to bow submission to his tyl ranicl: sway. The youthful, the virtuous, the .incom.. parable Alezztander hadexcited in his subjects, adegree of patriotism itever before witnessed. a He had mingled vvith as patrioticki love of country, a pious lsolicitudes for the preservation of the yinstitutions of their ancestors, and an enthusiastick devotion‘to the religion they pro}. sfessesdt. . Alexander liimself i had set the example, by leaving the pleasures of A his; family and the splendourof i 15 his palace, andsharing the fatigues and dangers of the held, equally with the meanest of his soldiers. He had bowed down at the altar, to implore the divine ven-4. gearice upon the invaders of his country. ,He; had nnitecl inrendering ascriptions of praise and thanksgiv- in g to the Almiglity Governour of the Universe, for his signal interposition~ in times of peril and distress. He humbly ascribed the victory to the God of arrnies, and devoutly implored the support of his Almighty ‘This pious and patriotick example of their beloved’: sovereign,spreacl With the rapidity of lightning, through the wide elxtendecl borders of the Russian empire. ltivery subject became devoted to martyrdom, to all the suffei*ings which human nature could endure, rath-» er than see their sovereign disgraced, their country subjected, the religion of their ancestors interrupted, or their temples defiled. No sacrifices were too great, which tended to retard the progress of the invader.“ No strfieriiigs too severe, is which had for their object the salvation of tlieir. country. Wlien the invader as rived where he had expected to dictate the terms or submission to the greatest enipire in the world, he fbtirrcl he had eonqtiereda wilde1*ness, without inhabit- ants, withottit food for plunder for his followers. He was no nearer accomplishing the object of his march, than when he passed theNiemen.i The same patriot» ism, Whicli zalled the snlgajccts ofAle1s:a11der to the field, had sacrificed their subsistence, their habitations, the temples and palaces of Moscow, on the altarof their country”‘s safety. The invader found hiniself in the triumph of victory, surrotimled by all the horrors of p_e”old,,,faminei1nd siclmess, and i118 trloopssrnltrng cler i’[l1Ci171‘1£lCilI1€Si-13 of despair. lrroin til-‘ens trrne to the day, on which he abdicated thethrone A of Fra11ce,ii the verb» geancpe of heaven appeared to fellow him in all liis , rnovemients. A His friends,forsool«:. him, il‘ll&5.,V£IS5z1l_1'l23;.. tions rose pinrebellionfl t1g‘t'tl1'lSt him, and at last, l11S'OW'1’k~ srrbjects refused to proteet hnn. . ‘ 16 ‘ ‘VVl1atever purposes Napcieen may be able to efli:t:t hereafter ; COi1S1t'.ii€I‘1l1g the niagtiantntotis manner in. . which the War been carried as against him, after" his retreat Aiifnni Moscow, CO11Si4Ci€1'fi11g the great azui henevcieiit en-ds to be answered by permitting; him tn heave the empire, Without a further struggle fer his e:«:+ ii:—-;‘§i€;‘i1C_§yC, and cctisideringg that he had acitricuriecigeti his ‘$Vi;:;vfi£1}{LI]€SS and his hopeless situation, perhaps the allies not, consistently with their professitons anti their t:::f~a:t:.t:F;11isi1eti character, have dune less. Anti consider.- the wickedness of the tyrant, the rnagnitude cf the i.1.>‘.i.,lf;L’1iSi1':l’£‘1C‘i1iI which his cz‘i,rnes deservede, the rnise1*ies which he had scoiurged the World, and the ciau. r ts wliicix they were titeniselvcs exposed, by per- to preserve his life, and so great adegrec cf tghey could not have done ni10re. The whole eonduct pursued by the allies, frotntlife time tiirtwsggr eased the Dneiper, till they restored the legitirnate tsc‘*.«':~reEw11 tothe throne of France, carries with it a no-; of eharacter, to which history afibrds no paralleh their union and perseverance are as 1'emar1<:ab1e greatness aiildgexlerosity. Such arcombination cf V rtatt1%raii3rt jealous and disccrda11t Nations has never existed, , Nothing could have {sustained them. ‘.and kept them together, but the immediate interposi-; titau the Grea,tDisp0ser of events, exercised for the pttrptsse of removing the greatest curse, With which he has seen fit%_ticafHicttt11e earth. A A A present situaticn of our own country is ernbar.» 4.: and our future prospects doubtful; A yeti we are net perilous condition, as we have been for years pasrtt tThewar in which we are engaged will cause us i *trcuh1eia11d~ vexatiion, occasion great sae1‘ificesef' her-eate an irnrnense natlionaldebt for future tge_n..:; eti‘:#;t::ie::;s the discharge, but does not endangercur libern tie ithfitter the existing situation of the jworicl,‘ there is fhtaa :stherna'ti%oni more capable of inj uring us,_thantthe (me which we are finowat issue; yet %there_ is nu; ’J ‘p1'ol>ali>iliity that she will be able to subjugzzte us, or 1‘11ate1*ially to affect our essential rights. Our condltlon to is far better than it would have been, had the object ~“l)ee11 accomplished which the whole energies of our ad- ministration, for the last thirteen years, have 66672 dzl zteczfetl, l t t V i W ~ »Wll1ateVe1" may have been the pretext for the variety of untried measures and the frequent changes which have taken place“, they have all tended to the same Lpoint and were apparently directed to the same object; I will not undertake to charge our adznixmistration with eo1*1*t1ptio11, nor with a. Want of love of country. But this I believe, that had the object been accon1plisl1ed; lot‘ which all their lezttlixig measures have been calcu- latetl, Europe would now have C:Xl“1il)ll2€d one unin~ terrupted :~scene of slavery, and we lshoulcl have been in no laetter eituationg, esxzcelapt thatp we might, yet have had the liberty of 1naki11go1i.e clesperate struggle before our l chains were riveted; Every important act of the ada- mniniistrfation, liae been cliifectly or indirectly, designed to ”e{i'ect the overthrow fof»tl1eBritisl1 Governrne1it-+5- liitlter by clestroyitig her comrnerce, WhlCl‘1 is the prin- eipal II"1l‘>ject,fo17 “w1ii<;:l1 tltie: .“;3_YS‘t(f:1l1lVV'L€lE§£f1Clp(i)p‘t€:fll and pt11'suer;l l‘W’lll1. sq fmlL1€L5l.1p]'f)C’;?ll"£ifll‘l;.“lC5llZyl, jwonlcl tlu: experixnextt have been so frequentlyf rfepea.te<;l,t tll’1Cl€1‘1'mltV :‘1an1»l~s; anal nevi ’lb:1*1fr1e; after e“ve:ry‘i1m11"1 in ll’l¢'.i"._ eountryj l~:;;a:.t l_:llereo1ne aatiefited; itlmt: We a were ii1“1jm*i1'"1g2; :()lpTlll‘S+3l£f?l,‘t'a’Z‘.’?E5 tn.oIfe tll1at'tzainy otlletr Nation ! Iiltleethtllelx‘ 144211 ol:3jee't lietzétttttr fat) 21}3p£11‘C%l"’1f, lJler'fe1‘e the syatetn W'21S ::tlj);;:a,'n.t;l.t>1*tt:tl, lthat ita l::1.l.l;vCt’ll:<')1"5?,:‘. did not pT'€L‘l't1"1”ltl totcllenytit. A t‘l,l»x_pz’t mitt t.l1trh'tles:ig;g;nt; been is laccornplishecl, what' would ha ve been the situatioti oiitlie? W0l‘ld at this time? Where vvould liave been the libern ties of Europe, Which are now hailed as the 1‘1Sl11g‘_S1fl1"3e: of a long and happy day YVl1atWould now IIZLVQ been the situatioii of Spain and Porttigal, had England been. conquered before they were invaded "? Th‘eit* destinies Would, long since, have been united to those of France. A slave of the tyrant Woulclr have been placed on the; throne and the plunder of the country would thave paid the price ofthe c'o1iqt1est of the North. “Wot1lcl Rus- sia have been able to stein the torrent of Napoleon, if the navy of Great Britain C_()1lldpl1£lV€‘l)f:('311_ brought to» 6'' act in concert tvitli the gigatitic strengtlriof his armies ’ Would he not, i"nst'ead. ol"1narehing the circuitous rout l ol"lllVloscoWl, instead of exhausting; his arinies by a long and needless march tl11"0Ulg‘l1 the eount1*ies or 4 his allies, have transported his troops directly to St. Peters- burglt ‘1? Instead of encountering the hardships of a ”Wi11‘.‘l'.€*l"p campaign, he would have contrpletecl the con--‘ quest of the Wliole Empire in a sunniner. 'W'ha't tlien; would have been the situation of our OWI1 Country ? or even lwithout the subjugation of Russia, how would the situation of this Cotiiitryj, engagecl in a war with Franceyhavingthe navy of Britain at her, CO111II1a11(L.* have compared Withour present situatioiii, engaged in a War fwithl the British navy, una.ssiste‘c1 by an army of any a considerable force ? Because, had England been psubdued,‘ her navyrnmst have falleniinto the hands of France. And the proposition is.undenii~ab1e,:that noth-— ing but the itiveterate Wars between England and France, and thedirect tendency of the measures of our own Government, to assist France in the conquest of Enggland, ttp1+evei11:E:d;~a rupttire between, on France and Aa Ilnericap. t -The ternporary suspension of our commerce, the loss of property by. p1'edatoryrCexcursions, and outlier‘ privations,Wl1icl1 We are now sulfering, would have been trifling considerations, when compared with the hora. i rors attending a War of invasion, and the danger of :19 losing our i.li)C7l‘ti(:&3. Though the American people, when united for the defence of their Country‘ and their riglits, will do all that any people can do, yet the con- test must have been long and of doubtful issue. But thanks to Heaven I i_11ii'ii.Ei instance, the intentions of our Government are «defeated, and we are saved in spite of ourselves ! l A « Had our late 2lC'_i111il1iS’i,l7'L1ilit‘»l1S taken a clifliercnt eouree, it had they attended to the ‘pit-till, comrnon s«e1nn.=: doetrim of confining themselves to our ow:ni11tercst:+3, without meddling in European poli.'tiels:s; had tl1eytai«;en the path which VV&S11_il1gl£011 took, and ““W'i‘,ti.t3i1 he ‘pointed out to his successors, We never ‘should have €.‘:{p€l‘it"l1C€Cl the '<<3111i)t11”1‘21SSl’11C11’[.S Lilider which WC new labour. VVe ‘should, probably, long since have been at War with the tyrant of Europe; but so long as the navy of England intervened, it would have been a war of'worcl.s ‘ather- than of actio11.----Neither of the nations could have ma- tcrially injured the other. Our comrnerce would not have been cltecked by it; the country" would have ‘continued to fionlrish; ‘We should now have been en.. gaged With the assembled ‘SOVfi1”€;‘ig‘11S of Europe, in it settling a general peace for the world; and should have had the consoling reflection, of having contributed our in mite towards destroying the most hideous despotisrn, V*rvhich ever threatened the nations, of the earth. The former policy of our administrationmust now be totally cl1ai"xgcd',_ '1"he object for wliich it was t adopted, and so long continued, is new entirely beyond the reach of their influence. The new and untried the- A a ories, in which they have so frequently engaged, liiave all disappointed their expectatioiis a11clb1*ongI1ttl'ie1t1. «into perplexities and trouble, =‘.?[‘he visionary p1*oject of establishing a perfect Q,'ove1~1irnt3nt, founded on the principles of philosophicii 1‘e21so11ing, which first pro- duced the appearancfi of feuds 1n this co11nt1~y,e in which our present d’yna~sty have so largely participated, and l e which brought them into power, has been t.rietl,l zxbazu. $ 2'0 donecl and exploded. Paris, the cradle in which principles were nursed and cherished, and from wliich they were clisseminated, Over the World, has become the tomb in which they are all deposited,’ The triumphal entry of the allieslinto the capital of France, gave a death blow to the policy of our aclministration, put an end to the hopes of these entliusiasticlt theorists, and restored the people to their senses. A * There is only one subject on which the rational part of this country can now be divicled-ex-tl1at of war“ or peace. That We cannot prosecute the war, either to. ‘benefit ourselves, or materially, injure our enemy, the A lye defensive._ , people and the government itself, must alreaclytbse sat?- isfiecl, Tl1ou.gl1 we have achieved many ‘ 1 Ti oi the most brilliant kind, yet we have derived no sub» stantial aclvaiitage from them._ Our sufierings l1£1'V(": continuallyincreased, since War was declared. The prospect of bringing the enemy to the terms on wliich our government are willing to meet them, is much farm? ther distant than when the contest commenced, Our enemy isnow released from all other engagements, and A we alone occupy his whole attention, If we were on- able to conquer a weak and unclefended province, when A the whole force of the enemywas directed to otherv and more important objects, what must be our condi- A tion, when her whole energies are directed against us ‘E’, Thewar c,annot, in future, be carried on with any den, gree of energy or prospect of sttccess, It ,munst_,,,a,s-1 surne an entirely new Cl1aI‘élCt€1‘-,-r-ItI11L1Stl)€COII161’1‘1€I'6~: l What must now be the feelings and , refiections of those, who were instrumental in brixigingt upon us these d;isastersand distresses ? VVl'1t”;‘1‘C are the mighty armies,- ‘ which their . patriotiysrn promised to. bring into the field to share in the glory of conquest ? VVhere is the ipaa itriotitsm, which promised to bring our enemy to terins, before the end otitlieiirst campaign 5? How ' liawfe they 1 redeemed the lpleclge in ot‘,n‘§‘ their" lives and »tl1eir,.lsag:re,d l ljirmc)t1r'§”’ 'l‘_lrose, who have hee1:i~lot1clest- in the cm: of “ love of liberty and love of thepeople,” have beeifl the last to defend them, The advocates of the War and the pretcxided 3l~1PP0I‘ters of the administration have been as unwilling to rislz; their lives and their property in the field, as those ‘wlioirbellieved the contest unnecesl sary. VVl1€lt€V€‘.1" itiayg be the result of our present tun- fortunate condition, it will teach future geiieratioiis an important and useful lesson, It will teach ithein, that no aclininistration, under our present form of goverm tnent, can carry on a War without a concurrence of the jpeople, anal that the people will never unite A in a war of invasion, i 1 * l ~ A That We shall be able to olefencl our territories as gztiiist any extensive invasion, cannot admit of a doubt, Tliat we shall be able to preserve our essential rights and liberties, is almostequally,certain, That we shall not be able materially to affect our enemy, that we shall not be able to bring him to anyterrns, except such as chooses to give us, is already too manifest, ‘What then,are 'our”fl1opesll of peace 3?‘ Whatir our prospects, of future happiness, underthese‘ circumstances ‘? "We have had hopes, that in the scttleineiitofa general peace in li'.t11"lope, the great coiitexicliiig parties’ would feel S‘t1£1‘.l1 interest in our prospe-rity,as to give us a share in the fruits of their labours. But these liopes have vaiiislig led. iWe yet have” hope, that the llnflgllttlllifiity of the enemy will offer us the same terms of zfriemlsliip, in this our day of adversity, that were prol‘l'erecl, wl1ilstwe~»be« lievecl we were prospering, ‘We must hope, (we otrglit to have icoi1ficlence'e11oi1gh to believe,) that our admin- istration are, by this time, sensible*~oi' * their wealmess and their inability to prosecute the war, gancl that they will acieeptl the ‘security of our essential rriiglits‘, without that fasticlious etiquette, ‘VVl1lCl'li‘Etl.0l7l€?,_ has several times pre. vented a settlement of our difi"erences withEn§;land' l Shoultl all our hopes fail us, slioiilcl Great. Baitain attempt to humiliate us, to enslave us, then will come 32:2 ifgffze time ‘wine/z will try men’s souls". The question wilt not then be, liovv we becaine involved in that situation.,, but how we shall defend our property, our lives and our liberties? These must and will be defended, What- ever rnay be the cause which endangers them. t We shall then see the prophetick Wisdom of our good ehief magistrate, who has preserved the lives of thou» sands of our citizens, by refusing to send them on a Wild project of conquest 5 who has kept entire the strength of our own state; Who appears to have been desa- tined by Heaven to be our preserver through these times of peril. To him We look for protection---In him musjt our hopes be concentrated. He will protect our born. ders ‘from invasion--—-Under his banners We shall find iiberty and safety. ' RE SOLUTTIONS; F. BLAKE, VV. STEDMAN, and D. VVALDO, Esqsi having been ajizpoiizterl in the morning, at Con2n2z7z‘z‘ce F‘ to devise some szzitczbic mode Q/‘¢*xpressi72g t/Z6’ .se7zi-« 5‘ tinzents of the C’0m_[)cz7z_2/ assenzbled, relczrive to tfze “ recent glorious evievzts 'w/zic/z /zave rfwzyrzirzatcd Z‘/L47.’ 9*‘ career qfa mz'Zz°ta7*y (Zesflot, cmd 2"est02r°ed 2,‘/ze fire» ‘F (Z0172 and z'72de]Jenc2’e22ce qft/ac Em*0])ea7z work ,” re». ported it/ze ‘/bllowing Re.s*0Zut2707rzs, w/zic/2 were read, iznyyzediately afier the Omz‘z'o72, cmcl zma7zi7n0u.9Z3/ adopter], by a separate vote on eczc/2 resolzztiovrz,-wayzd z/ze Conzirzittee qf czrrange772e72t.s' iizstrzzcted to ma/re rlzenz public/Q", in saw/2 mamzer as t/my .9/zozdd t/zz'n!:' j)7‘0[)c7*.p i p p p ASSEMBLED to celebrates an anniversary which gave to our own country, a “distinct and independent rank amongthe nations of the earth, it would betray a selfish 111differe11ce to the happiness of or/zer portions of the great family of man, should Wey on such an occa~ r 1 ‘ ‘r. =4 £83 iiion, pass over in silence, the izvonclerful retfoltitioti 'iVl1lCl1 has so recently rescued the European World from: military despotism, and restored to its republicks, rjingcloms and empires, the means of securing their fu-: ture‘ tranquillity and repose; ‘ , r Resolved, therefor’e,. That We yvivew, with heartfelt sympathy and pleasure, the overthrow of that terrifick power, which for twenty years has been nurtured by the blood of an oppressed and subjugated people ; has extenclecl its ravages over the fairest portion of the hab-A itable globe, and has threatened to obliterate among the nations of Europe, the last vestige of civil and re-« ligiotls freedom, , Resolved, That we acknowledge,» with profound ad-4 oration, the signal interposition of Divine Providence,» in thus suddenly breaking the rod of the oppressor, and inflicting upon him the most tremendous of all earthly punishments, the patigs of an upbraiding conscience,v as a reproof to the schemesrof a lawless and a wicked ambition. ‘ , y r _ A m Resolved’, That we viritness, with devout and horn...‘ ble gratitude to Heaven, the restoration of the soVer- §i‘l.g.l1i‘3 of F zance, Spain and the United Netlterlancls-ms 111 the lirrn. hope and belief that the calarnixties they have enc:l"ured, in cornrnon with their aiiiicted subjects, will trash them the irnportant duty of reigning in the hearts‘ of their people; and of e11clea.vc>t1ri1r1ghereafter, by inild and temperate governinent, to secure to their re» spective nations,t a degree of happiness wliich shallrre-I ward them for a series of past sutYeri11gs,- almost Witli-~' otttaezsarnple, in the liistory of man, I Ii’e.s'0[vm’,_ That we will ever cherish a ‘.E_3;.I‘£1’{(€‘f?lg'l:l’1‘(-3lC:0:l»+* lection of the 1nagna11imo1.:1s eliorts‘ of the combined powers of Europe, tohreak the fetters which sul;>jected~a to,_,_tl1e caprice of a sang~t1i.1‘1a1* 2' tyrant, more than tliirty millions of their fellow C1‘CEttt.1I‘CtS;--211‘1Cltl”1£‘Ll2, arnotngtt these powers, the illustrious sovex~eig11c;f Russia, W110, Q as the friend of rational liberty") has laeen the steclfast % . h . ‘ " ml www A '~ aw '1!“ “S” “"I"~v-“um in-. ,»-A -. 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