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0 
“.'S‘<S«*?

VOTE OF THE TOVVN.

u a Q o n 3

AT :1 xnceting of the free11o1de1's and other inhabitanm of the
town 0f'.I5’o3zfo71,, duly qualified and legally warned, in publick town-«
meeting-, assexnblecl at Fa11u.ei1-Hall, the 4th day of July, 3.4;). 1809-----
On mozfzfmz, votecl, Tlmt the Selectmen be, and hereby are appointed a
committee to wait on ”WI1:.L:mM Tu13o1::., Jun. Esq. in the name of the
town, and thzmk him for the elegant and spirited 0l‘!1ti011, this day de-
livered by him, at the request of the town, upon the An11ive1's2u:y of
Americtm Independence, in which were considered the feelings, em:m--
nets, and princip1es,wh‘ich produced the great national event ; and t0
£:'eq11<?.~';t. a copy of him for the press.

.»’Ztz‘e~.9t, "WILLHLM COOPER, Tc:-"rm Clem‘.

 

RATION. 

 

We are assembled, my fellow citizens, after
the custom of former years, to celebrate the festival
of Americzm Independence. The feelings of joy
and generous pride, which belong tothe Day, are
greatly increased by the present attitude of our coun-»
try, so nobly contrasted with its recent situation,
and which hntmonizes with the event we celebrate.
Unaccusttomed to habits of publicl: speaking, I must
without A aliectation, solicit the indttlgence I shall
need, in delivering my sentiments on this glorious
siiiiiversary. A t

l “ To commemorate the _feelings, manners, am!

yprivzciples, w/227::-fa led to at/zis great lvmtioyzzczl evmtzt,

and the /zappy efiécts it has producec ,” is one of the
noblest themes that can be offered to eloquence and
philosophy. Its coiisidemtion exliilirates the friends
of liberty, and elevates the digiiity of hulnnn nature.

i These feelings were the sentiments of security of pro-

ert , freedom of erson and libert of conscience;
P Y P 9 Y

these manners, the simple forms of unsullied practi-~
eel morality 5. these principles, the incontrovertible

ti

martiius of devotion to God anal respect to 1112111. All
the facts and recollections they involve, should be
cherished with care, and taught with energy ; for
tyliile their irupression remains, the posterity of those

‘Wl'1O bequeggtlied them, will never be slaves 3 A A
This subject is no curious novelty, produced in
some political hotbed, to perisli on exposure; but is
the durable growth of many generations ; ancl to be
traced to another couritry,whence it was safelyt1*a11s-
planted, to flourish here, in pa congenial A climate.
These feelings, these rr1zmuers,iitl1ese prii1ciplies,9were‘
not the mo1t1e11tsryeh’et:ts of auysutlttlen change, or
espousediby, the persuasioii of any favourite leader ;
they were not proimttlgisted by ariibition, amicl ii the
clzunours of ai mol3,or adopted at the iiistigatioii of
enthusiastici zealots, by a frenziecl people. They
were not avowed with rashness and iusole1ice,s°up»
ported by passiouiianid prescription, and finally aban-
cloned for submissioii and endurance. lNo, my
countrymen, they were the consequtencesiof rights,
which their possessors inheritecl; of education, which
taught their value ;, of situations, tliath shewecl their
superiority ;; of examples, Wliicli enforced their obli-
servance, transmitted from slicestors that made them
sacred, to be left, to offspring, Wllichinade them dear.
  Our ancestors left theirihomes amitlieir iieouiitry,
l“iOlL for any infraction of theirpolitical rights, but to
zwoicl persecution for their religious opinions, They
embtarkedf for thesetheu uneitplored regions, not in?
Sfi‘£tI‘Cl1 for gold, or in pursuit of traficl: ; not in thirst
li0l."'C011qu€SY, or th1~ot1gh Want of subsistence, hutto

"2’

IJIIIOIJUQIOA

enjloy freedom of religion. _They lzmdccl in onelof l

the ‘least fruitfulilparts ofthe C0L111try',Alat 1:113 most im
clement season of ;the yeanancl lW<-:¥1l*é Aim-:-ith_eirl Aldis-«
mayecl nor disclouraged; *'1"hei1* hzarclships 2u‘1clls~uf-
ferings were sunstetined wiitha ff01*‘titL1c;l<é:, worthy of
the lsublime object for vAvl1iAcl1they*lcmigmte.cl. They
éolltcnded with t11ellfo1*ests, Et11CllZl1(‘3 s'.:1xr21ges who
roamed in A them, uncl gradually sur1110L111tcclbotl1.
Regardless of wealth, while they Wc:1*é11£=.11*dly st:-c:.m=:
in their‘ dwelliflxygs, tl1¢}r were <jccupie+dWill1" tlié:  in.
terests eff ecliucation, mcl the €St2lbllSl1I1l€l1t.OfllElVVS;,
whose consequences are lshewn in every fl=:atL11*e of
outluistorjr. A A A M   A

 Pe1*severii3g%i11%a steady c0u1‘s<3:, tlxey 1ievc:~ :lostAlA

sight (if “the lcabject for  Whicl1 ll tl1ej#l1adl l {col11te11decl, 1

liberty oflAself~gove1*11i"r1e11t. A A"I‘0l tl1l‘;3* poiA1it till tl1ei1*'

exertiollsl Mwerefi directed; A 1h'I‘o‘ pe1~pettLate tl1is,"lwasl
tl1efmalindbjectQf education. A Procéedizug cslfilla sys-
terx1,l11€5’C‘ mllcjrel hoble tlha11l11azarclous, ftlicé i~11Stituti}cins
Whicll they f<5riirxédl§S11131>dSe alll1i3h€i“d€gr¢¢ 0f"il‘*l
H16 and i11stAructiio11llinAt11e citizelfis, thzm l1zi(l i-:lvl<§19~ yet‘

be,<-:11 imaglineldAAin1;l1e ipolicyof "ally st21te,lll of éitlaer

ancient or” lmodern  ll

 ‘ Fofid of peace anl si1b“0i*di11ati0ln, irutlmately

uaimecl Wiltlh their 1'i0?~11ts and dL1‘tiels,lll Watéhfltill  ' lélinlsf
the s1%igl1testA enAcroachment on A the A 0116,, A ‘:;mdAAl prompt
in P¢Tf01‘%mi11.%'ll the “M191”; tlley felt  xwezéeidtial ate

_ tachme11t t9 the pare11tcQu11try. A The period Aat 1‘;<.‘ls‘i AA

A w2lrri:v[e(.l,,l when lltheirl plrinciples, A  their » colliixge," 

tl1€Ll1’~ ta1€:11tsllWe1~elto.lbAé;- vied;  fl The  coxlfiziéd viewvs
leaf the British ladministif:'1ltionl, lbécagne zt1a::med“latlltl1c

Eb?

n?£‘n1Il3flG¢'c':‘

growing strength of their distant coloriies, ‘Fearful
of their prosperity, and ignorant of the true, perhaps
novel interests of the two countries; they resolved.
to delay no longer, promulgating the doctrine of
zmconditiotzal szrZ')miss'27o7z, and the 777g/2.5‘ to dirizd us 27:2
all cases to/izcztsoever. This doctrine was new to

those, to whore it was preached, and the period, if

there ever was one, when it could have been e11».

forced, was irrevocably past.

During several years, they prepared us for events,

that followed, by arrogant, absurd pretensions at

one moment, and paitry, unavailiug concessions at

another. Sometimes by a tax, and sometimes by a
proclamation, they excited opposition without neces-
sity, arid qtticliellfid feelings, which they wished to
stifie. A W7 e contended for the rights We had inherit»
ed. They seemed to consider, that these rights were
lost by erriigratioo, or weakened by distance ;,.,.
and that being colonists, we must be dependents,
Thus viewitig a coutiherit, in the light of a sugar
island, and a people accustomed to sovereigiity, lil~;;e,
its nerveless proprietors, in habitual dependence.

Remoustrances succeeded to petitions, and when

both were uoavailiog, a resolute appeal was made to
the sword ; which once drawn, the Scabbard was
thrown away, till the contest was decided, on which
was pledged, “ our Zives, our fortunes, and our secret?
honour?’ , ii
You all know“, and some of you shared, by your
couusels, or your arms, iu the immortal struggle that
ensued. To marry, it seemed as desperate, as it was

“E439

*u117@cmai.  whexéa :1 free: people <:oI1te11d for “*£h€i::'%.::e;“-
rightzs zigainsrt §;11‘V£‘.S13011, if tiley are not be ':;1ya=:<'1 by
'a':h<:+i1* l~ea1de1*3, 'I;hE‘j}‘ 'a“vi'i} fimfliy 0bmi11 5:1 *'c1"iu.mph. 01213:
'm*1:+s as conzgfitztcz cars it wixms m€:~rit<;td. It was not thca:
'£’1‘¥L‘H1fl')(*31‘S3 who ‘€"’.?"#Z;"‘:”.[“»‘;'3 :eIi:;‘;ug1‘1%tc%1‘€d, 1101' the tmvxla thm:
‘\".—*V€1‘€:L‘ t:~;1§~::m“x9 which ggaxrc so gmzlt am imcaxest m flxis
WM; ii: was the: object that 'w::a.s coxltended for, am.
Hm: <::h.:mz,cte1~s of those mgz1gcc1, which excited ma
:;1dn1i1*e1tion of 0thm* c0111‘1t1‘it:3:~s,, as it .311m.11d cemmimd;
‘M10 t~:*é;ern:,1l ;§;;2“m;it11c7it: of our (2»W3'l~.. A

TIME: i11?m*»i"?:1*c1%1£:<;: of other nzsxtiems gm~'<:: grezmt 
sistzmcc to (mr (';*'.‘U.'! 5:; (13,, and. pc_:vxvcrrfi'11lly C()1"ld need “£0
its; succ:csss;¥;‘ulE U.3i£“i'l"1..iM£'1'?f§i(M71... A _M:;1~“.‘i th<~;~ flalne xvhich
has. humt h<;::m wim :m«:V:%h 3., g'eni:.11, 1'c3*g_;L1§zixtccH1e:u':, has
sinus: passed owsr 1'he::m. u. d.evo111'iA1f1g c%0mfiz1g*zx.ti0x1..
T116 g0vc:r:xm1cm mf 39‘§‘1~a:9.11c&:*, with the‘: }:>01icy 0f .11 jczzlm
was 1*iV2?J, t};1o11g“§:'1t ‘ilhfi mmmzrnt fa1*»%’0u.1".:;fl)ic to asfiaii
her.‘ exmrnyg in what both cstcmncrd a. mortal paw;
;:;md to» chack, as; she in1z1gi1m::c1, our g1'ox%vtha, lay" efki:—~
Wixringz; us of psmzztnmi $1.'1pp0rt, eithm M‘3d1"‘lC€ 118 £10

Témsigxmificeuxce, o1'*p1'(ym<;t us hcmscltf, by mimitizxg om"

‘m~1';ito1*‘ics to her :.mci<~;m p<3ss<£-3333,0113. The individ;~
mlis who Gamma ta join us; im the war, *w¢:1“¢:2%th<:i nzoat

whnzstbl-5% cwf hm: 110bi%£§zty, zmd with 1111 the :;e.rdm1r mi’

E31631‘ mxtion, E;*1‘.1U3l‘&d hc:au**til_;V ixmgy mu" czmséxa Those:
W::~a.‘e:: rmt m0nM311”[:4s m :=sc:x~1::ti1‘1izc: nfzotiwsss, 211161 the imp
pmrtrmt :«1Ss3iS’m11CE: x.v.=.13 not €’:Sti11”1L1t(*)d by ‘the: £.ntc=:11tiom

of the mir1ist1‘y who smut, but. E;»y the ge:1E;ia*1z1%€ sm*Vic.<*;~s$ .

mi’ 'ii£1(’)$<Li‘ M10 b1‘<;>ught it. And zxltfixwiaglx the men to»

*whom we wem reafly obligeci, h:;m:?r s>mL:e Eanguisized;

m pa:w€tz*%ty 22721:? z::~:x:i1€:. <3? Agi:;«;‘*§?':%%iV:es§"m.i<f>3%'a ’t.h<c:=: scafibfci? the

l0
l.l‘flpE”[Ll0'lLlE$ iiiiptilse of iiational g*tatitutle, ”tt‘.Ei.11S'pOl‘l€C3l
‘L18 afterWai‘ds to the Very verge of min, in favour of
men, who had as little merit toW:am:ls us, as cempas-»

Asian» fer the mifortunate SOV€1“€lg‘11l who fti1*i1isl1etl

this aueeomz,
The events of this War would be interesting’ as 

minzuiee, W'l1fliS are they not, as the 0l“lg‘l1). of em‘ n21—~.

tion l The inclivicluals who distiriguishecl tl‘1(:”:H’1S€l‘V€..‘:‘»
in its progress, will live illustrious in our annals, anfl
our remotest posterity will Venerate the renieinbrzmee
of these statesmelt and heroes. Among them, there
was one, so preeminent, that l tlmew not if it vmulcl
be possible to tleliver at fiiscourse on this day, ‘Wli2ll--
out celebrating Iliispraiseu I am not rashly Vei"itt:m
ing to deliiieate :1 el1a_mete1*, which no orcliiiary hamtl
slioulcl attempt ; but merely imitating the l‘€V€l‘€l'lil£tl

A tifieetioii of primitive 11€ttlOl1S,, to c:m~y one stone, to

the momimezit of our IMMORTAL ex-um? I lt slieulcl
rise tmcler our hzmcls, as our domiiiious extemtl, 50
that every citizen l’l1:l.Vlll.g it always in sight, mzty be
zmimatecl to virtue, zmcl excited to love of C0'Llt1lZ1‘}'.
A To (letail all the circumstances, ‘Wl1l.Cl1 VVASH»
INGTON had to encotmter, woulcl be ta eimmemte
all the tliffieultiesineident to at state of vvar, of civil
Warm zmcl on hie side almost clestitwje of the means of

A waging it: "To tell how’ he surmotmted them, woulcl

be to cleseribe all the qualities of a great eominaiitlen
all the virtues. of mi inflexible patriot.

Vflienillie liacl. lecl his lJ1‘.i1‘VC mid St1fll"31‘il]g‘ COIM-
paiiioiis to El glorious peace, his interference at 21 exit»
ieal mo;ment., prevented them from listeiiiiig to im

H.

4500000033!»

:»,,}.«»:i%.i0us counsels, which would have m1“11isi1ed'thciz*
"Em_1re1s. He dismissed them, a111&~”wit11d1"<—3v.r 1111113611}
mxpensioned and unpaid, fmm. fllli‘ i11fl1.1c:11ce of com»-
mand, zmdthe a11i111ati11g bustle of a camp, to U16:
t_m11qL1i11ity of p1"iV’:£Lf€ life. Yet he was clestimzfl Eagfiin
to save his coL111t1~y. The C001 wisfiona of his mi:nd.,
zsmd the u11b1emis11<3d, Lmsuspectczd virtue of lxlis chm‘-
aster, conducted our new gove1'1‘1111e11tinto the b1"o::.1d
highway of p1‘0Sp(’:1“i1:y', t11o1;1g}1i1m3ec1e£1by fz1c"ti«z.m,
zfmd ahnost bent to the e2u*th, by the te1npe.st of a;}”M:::
F1*e11ch rcavoltnzion.
V Agaila. in reti.rc111mt, we “bchtzfld him in the bosotraz
«of his "Family, as silnple in ma habits, and as L1%z%1::xH7c‘<:‘:t»~%
ecfly 1*tt1i11qL1i5l1%in§_,>; all illflllfifllflfi, as th0ug‘n he lmii
not ‘£1:-262211 “ t/zc?fi7~1wf 2772 'z:.vm*” sgmd “ t/zefimz‘ in ]2mm%.”"
But his s<*:1"v.icc:s w*ve1*c coexrzfl with his life, :111d Vvhw
c1211:1gm* thickexmcl, he was zmpp =%ah:;?c1 to onc:<:: 1110212,,
and his 11211119 mad gc:~m:~:1'ous SUp})()1‘t,«W(21T:': c01*di:;:1l_y
ggiVe11 to the fricmds with Whom he lmd; acted; ‘%’5;>’1'1i(?..-L1
East mag11z1ni%mous service%p1*0"vm;H10xv ‘W’f(":‘H he n1e1*i'é:~
ed “ ta Imfirst in l‘/2.é’v/l€(z7‘l7.S‘ qf/zis zt?0zz722.‘2r‘g/27Az:92z.” His
fa1ne, Axnexficaxm, is 0131* most glorious, as Well :23
mm most valuabfie possc:5sio11,; 2-md am the i11c1*e:1$iAmg;g
mists of tinle, ObSC‘L11"€i‘tS m.i11ute1t* pmrta fr01n0m~
viexzv, n1z%1y it be eXa1t<;"d,%}i1m :1 1%110L111%t:3,ai11% fxfom W}‘2i<:h
we r<:c:edc3, till it is b1c:11dcd with our cc)11t€111plati01'zss
in flae h€.i‘W€]f'1“S 3 A

Time is Wanting, to dwefl 0:1 the mcmmy mf
flnose departeci stmzesmexm zmd wm*1*io1"s? whm hzmrca
at:om1“ibLf1t<ed ta their (:o1mt1*y’ss ha.ppin—::*ss mmd gg;io.1*_“§<.
Vat @116 czmllot he forgmtstcn, Assitzfscte awn f‘i:31<:: * sf:~_"§: <;:«£‘;"

t5‘1iSd&13* is i11tet*ropte<t by theb1“eeoE"t<:etion, tEt1;1t on we
test a111'1ive1*s:1ry, ttP1*oxride11ce too}: from a,121o::ag us, it-.
m:~:m, whose ardour and anxiety for hi:zst eoL.ne1tr_y’o
welfare, proved at once his wisdom and a.'tta1ehme11t.;
A mam, Whose views .:mdo feelings WE1“€E1.3;)O‘V@ not
only the imitation, but even the conception, of t«'r;2.E~
got‘, sordid am.bitio1L A 11131113 who timited

The gentlest mzmnetrs, ‘With the noblest mind.

Eflvery region produces plzmts emit animals, but mm
Eike A113 3%, lT3.E1kt3’2t country beloved and zrespeeted.

‘The retum of peace found the confederate Statess
3.11 poverty, almrehy, and iE2S§;g‘11ifiCaI.1C€; m1tu1*aE to 
mztiozl, €Kh8;u.St€d by its fizet contest, before its re..
sources were developed, or  goVemme;ot o:12ztw‘e:d
This was a d2tl1g‘€1‘O"L1S crisis, but  tlztetiom heel not
yet been orgzmized, H01“ the people: yet i;3re:awflttte1"ed ;,
they rightly selected; those who had eewett them to it
contest with tbei1*e:m::o'1.ite$, now to same: T.§1t‘:E§?('bB.tft*I‘0§"I‘£it.
themsebres. This semriee mas perfo1*t11ed 1 as; on-_te..
eessfufly as the other? mad’. the tzooseqoeot ggrowtb of
our na.tiona1p1‘osperity9 was more rapid 211d Vigot'oo::;;
than the vegetation ofa tropical emnntean.

Among; the dangers which menaeect our new
governn1ent, wa.s_o11e opeeu1izu.*to its 8itU.ati0K].§ nature.
ally to be expected, Whiehcould oniytbe obviztted by
time and refleetion, but which was greatly aggtfatfa.tett.
by subsequent events. This danger Was the imper-«
feet sentiment of ixmlependence. As We had known
but one War, we thought we had but one enemy, amt
fleflztoce of her, was apt to be mJEs'ta.§ten for feeling tom

is

oucqqouooo

tlepencleut of the world. All those, Whose etliimosity

could not be extixag-uisltetl~~ even bysuecess ; and
who not A being £?tCCl1St()n1Cd to look round on the

great opzmomzma of the world, were only Watchful at

21 Si11gl6pOVVC1“, and: jealous of independence as relat-
ring only to her, were supinely ixtdiflerentto an otltet
e11e1~oa.el:uue11ts. This wasstlisot'tle1* which sl«:ilful
Sl2tt€Sn1€11:VV€‘l‘€ not surprised at, but which had nearly
l;).11l’ll€Cl all their power to 1*e111ecly. Aided by time
mod events they succeeded. They touglit their coun-
trymen, with few exceptions, thztt iindependenee was
not eqttivoesl, inconsistent state, that 2.1 mtiolt who
possessed it must rely only on themselves ; and ttlmt

4 the people of the United States must hold Great:
tB1‘llt£ti1’1, as they‘ helcl otltetfiuationts, "" erzezizies in t.r.:rm

tin ’ peace? __}‘i'2iwz(z'.s‘.” t ‘ to
‘When the powerful impressionsprodueecl by rm.
e.ss.spemted q1t£11”f1“€l,iWC1”€ worn clowns by time R; the

mutuztl lmtrecliof both psrtiesl tfeleuted, in eoutemm

pléllllllg the sdva;utag'es~ '1*esultiog to both, from the
new telstioxts .111 which ' they were plseetl. A LaWs,.
l2tnguage,“ correspo11cli11g  ltztbits tutd l wsntts, were
strong inducements to smity tuadteigood will. To
these may be acltletl’ in elevttted ‘minds, tlrztt we
were peopliug an tti}£tf:l1tSi.»‘-lfel COI1tiI'1€1"1t,. zuttl "Sp1”(‘32l.Cl-
iozag the principles of liberty so widely, as to p1*omise
their etemztl duration ; zutcl that We had left in tlleit

‘ keeping?  the :;1Sl’1€S  ofwour 2mcesto1*s ; and derived
A from them, slmost all thatl is valuable} JlI1“‘Ou1" lmotel

ledge, or V€11€1‘EtlZ)l€Zl11 our institutions. Dot1b_tless,
there are iuvfireat Britain, some usm*oW spirits, wilth,



:.
ouuucaocoa 9’

Wllfllll mortification and anger are still alive,.sonie
greedy rnonopolizers, Whose souls are in their led,-
gers, some short—-sighted thinkers, who believe
our gain is their loss; and these we can oppose,
with some ignoble beings, who if they once hate can
never be appeased, some unfair protectors of ene-
mies’ property, some envious gazers at superior
Wealth, yet surely all these together, form a wretch-
ed, dwindling rninority. A V A i ,
There are periods in the history of nations, when
manltind are quietly occupied in tilling the earth,
and transporting with peaceshle sails, its produce
from shore to shore ;‘ when the arts which gladden
zmd embellish life, are the only objects of attention ,;
wilten the iteniple of Janus, is shttt, and the calamities
of War forgotten in the delights of peace. V lnthese
happy times, a people may" be honorably employed,
in celeh1'sti1ig the characters. of their illustrious men,
in chanting their own praises, and fearlessly reposing
in their own security. But this is not one of those
periods. i‘i7i«7e live in the stormy isesson of history,
and the hurriczine that has torn so inany ancient, deep
rooted trees from their foniidstion, threatens the
young, and harclly corrlirrned growth of our hsppi-
ness. Look srountl--—-tlie tempest still lowers, and
distant as we are, We may yet be swept by its fury.
From the grateful task, of dwelling on our national
glory, it will be useful in times like the present, to

iooi: abroad, and exstriizie the situzition of the rest. of

the world,

fill-IIOOIOO

At the close of the A‘rnericanCw’ar, the ,naval7a11cl

A militiary, forces of Europe, were dividedaniongsevz

tilenili nations, and power was so "11E:aI‘ly” balanced, that A 

ifjtheweakest VVEITC not ‘safe from Ainslult, they at least

eoulclnot be,attaoli<:edWitl1 impunity. ii A campaign t
then _was brilliant if a single battle was wo11,lorsa~%sin:g-A 
gle town taken. War, was atrial ofsl~:illancladd1*ess,

condL1cted with almost regular etiquette, tanclended
successfully, with the ,acquisition of a province,for the

celebration of a tniarriage. These Wa1*s_e:‘~:citecli1*1o'
very“ serious alarm, l because their ravages were poti-
fined to the immediate seat of them, and the relative,,
position of States,experienced none, or, Very‘ slight

alteration. The World might be clivicledt in affec:

tions, between the contending parties, anclespouse,
the cause of one or the tother,”with aslittleiharm, as 

the,spectato1°s at téiT%ou1*nament,,W would 1rang_ei”th.em;. 
l selves under the jclif’ferentl banners of the gallant

K11igl1tis., ,VVhat is ”tl1escha1*aotei* of war iionf 1?    

 A ll England?holtlstl1e,,,t naval power, a1i'1‘d‘sCtours,etrerj,r

sea,‘ almostvvithout finding an eneniyp °Francletnar,-i

shals» the oo11tine11tt*i11 ‘arms, and {mm the es:t1~emitj§,*}  

of Italy to f‘ theGulph’of Finland, moves ,tl1earm_ies_
of Europe, at her discretion. Examine the tpartlies 

tengagecl in this tremenclous Warfare‘;*011l'O11etSicl€i;,;a t

nation not n.uni1‘et‘ous,iiibut b1‘£l.iVC;il.’10t,”i‘W‘l£t1“lll{€’:,i_,l)11i.
free; supporting incredible l).11I“Cl1€nE‘;, yet i _1"I15El.i11tI:__1l,1;1-...‘

i ii ing her freedorn;__ contending fI1Qt,a,gai11stl ordinary 
defsatst but allllihilatioll  3'5? %ig‘it%1t€,Cl by, ‘then   
A petual strife’ of  parties, and A subjecfto T,,clividecl,_Coun,- A, i 
V sels.  On the otl;.er,l  great , nation,s l co;np_osetl~; of 

jit"i

eoldiera, passioiiately fond of ‘inilitaryl ‘glo1*y,, and  
abounding in sltilful generals; her whole, force di:
rected by one man, who sttflers no murmur of dis»:
obedience unpnnished,t or any : hint of opposition,

;i_‘Witl10t1t ldisgr*ace. V/Vitli not only these arrnies,t and
"tlieseiofiicers, butwitli twenty princes trembling at
" his power, and laoldingthe lives and tresources of
 their subjectsat his command ;, still universal item-w

pire is not Within his reach, till his enemy is desw l
troyed.  Defeat to one party, is destruction; to the t
other, only a diminution of ill4 gotten power.

* W-V-Vl‘105t~C2tI1tl1€Sl*tEt1Z€‘0I1 whichlside to Wish snccress .9 “

who, that’ has feeling, honour, or independence, that ~

will not mingle his prayers Witli those, which frorn.
everry Corner of, Europe, are hourly, though inaudi-

fli3l}i7,,, ascenidingito the Throne of Eternal Justice, to

blastthe cojrnrnon oppressor of , mankind ? If the

British power were now destroyed, how A loiig‘ could
V Justice protect her remotest altar from profanation 
r I{‘V0“FJV\V:l0I1'g“"-would Liberty be allowed a resting or a
A ltiding page 2’ This is the last barrier, between what»-.
 people are nnsubdued, and universal despotism : l
M Mayttit,,last to withstaiid the assattlts of the storm, t
tillt,l»the,Ge11i11evs(ho direotsllit, his himseilf overwlielrm r

A

  :€d’rl?i’llii*é i~f111”Y4’   

tTheBritish lpower, _great astit A fortunately is,-does A

Y A 1iot§fo1ji11«:apernzanenti clause of l alarm to other “na.- A
ttionsglltbecattse ~ it tcntainstrtwitliizii itself the seeds of ii i

titsttown decay.,i  Atreestablialiment of ‘the balance lot‘ "

l p0W?7erlT‘wot1lderestore. peacegaind after, all few years oil‘:

gneaceo-elifialf ther,S;hi»ns¥ would be,iro1tter1,,laalf rm enw ,

 17

ICDIOIOCI.

perienced; o1‘licers no more, while the same period

would b€':VCIf€al.l1Igr and bringing; forward theresources
of her neighbours. i r A i _

A It “Ca11I10t be the tdesire of any man to be atwar
witl1~Frar1ce- She has the strongest guarantees, that

We wjisli to be at peace with her. The advaiitagest

We derive from  a a commercial intercourse, and the

evilsrof <"war',i are sufiicient security, otl1£l.tr‘W€}_- wouldyi

preservea state of amity, if no sacrifices of our in.-

dependezuce are required. Yet she should not be
allowed to proolaimrusrher allies; and to allegelpthatl

she plunders our merchants to second the-Viewsr of

our,go'vernment.: Do not let us, lxowever, ,mistal.«‘:e A
pap miserable spirit of enmity to individuals, north the

foste1*iip1g; unworthy national prejudices, for the pot.
litiealp vigilance that is necessary. Let 11S‘2lppI“CCl.f;1t'§

justly  arthe ipspleudid traitst of the Freucli character,  

while i we,  i watch a every:  niiotionw of i that ambitious
gover11ment.»rt   at t     M    ‘ r   *   

 trATl1€,Avp1‘t3flS€11t sovereign r of France, though r-,he=: has
lived only; lialfr the common age of eman,ilisltl1i€i “moist
Woiiderful ycharacter that thfe ‘World liasiproduoed.

Immeasurably ainbitious, indefatigably ac‘tiVe,<ar cont-A

sum._mate politiciaii, at‘ d£tI‘71l1g‘rrlS0l(ll€1’,rl a gsplendild pro}-
tectort of the fine arts, heisgreedy of every species
of reiiown, andpanxiousu to eclipse Jth,e.sple1ndouur.rir.of
anoi:eI1tr34'%d rmodern times;  His flatterers seldom

t€rl.1IiU‘~;I‘1:QMVV" of  his«_mil~itary  exploits,rr abut; dwell upon his a

polioy,t  iI1Sl1ilT_lltl0I1Sy audit l1;=lS‘p‘L1l3liCl~2 Works; at i I70
coompare him . witl1t*;rrAle;Xa*nder,ti Cesar-',f0rp Cl1arlpesrXIIp.
is ;,Yl€Wi11?g.17(lI11Yi.‘*allllfiflf rrichcaraetcire ~ lH*3t.€1;51f€CtS

“QIIAOIIIIID

~the inovem*ent~3 ‘of A his ‘vleteratil aifmies, v and  suggests
«the measuresii of ll1i'S.‘2lI1t.1t‘.AllgI;1-lng cabinet. A »The~aets;«

of every “department of government ttemana.-telAfrom
him, and *everyApt,Aopositieoi1 is5A’ lsubmitted to re-
vision.  “Hisge11_erals or his imiAniisteirsiperisl1lat his
nod; and his se112ete“a1*ld*11ol3lesse hold their exist-

*‘enceA at .l1isf A will. He has planted   himself in the

middle of Europe, ,Wl1ll6" his numerojus branches
spreading lovertributarykingdoms, like those of the
*sac1'*‘ed tree of India‘, take root, and are i all eonttected
**With‘7 the parent st”oel<A. AA He knows that after the

bloody rproscriptionls ‘of Sylla, the lmonster died in

thee, andAt1=1at the:cleine11cylof Cesar costlhim his

.  ;”‘f 7hA”e.?thlereforeA *:Ariei*ver  does a deed  of mercy,  but

throAt1gAl1‘poliojr,~1ior  fever” tmrned by lcomputiction,

‘=ifro1t:elahll‘lact‘ “of useful  crueltyfllllil Hetiltiilfound the

charibti of lgmmment dratvn  I random‘, with tfran.
tick, revolutionary vigour, "whileA?‘ thoselwho ‘feebly
held the reins, were hurled from their ‘places, and
triamplediunderfoot: hevaulted intoA”tl1“e ‘seat, eon-

?verted~ it into a car of Victory; Which, with sound-
ing lash, and‘ steady impetuosity, the drives over
prostrate Europe. A it A ‘A A A “ A to “ A ” A

it - - A 9 Some have istlpposedg judging him by other men, A
tl1at«co11sciience would 5 haunt  and‘  distract f him; A ' Be
AiTlAIA1ot deceived. ;’.eAmbition his not impeded ‘af moment ;
:tl1eA lhouriof AAAt:on;s¢t:ieAiiceiAAi is riot yet arrived; He has

no leisureA ‘for?’ conscience.‘ “ A ” The l11Aew»map of A Europe
isA11otWyet completed ;" some plans of coxiquest are

~yet‘iAi111exec1itedii;' some nations that have been over-
AA‘ru11,Ve*re "yet A unsettled. If he beidestilnedl 1% to sit in

19
triumplx on the conquered world ;; if y the 11»ationé,,,,,o,€
Europe, accustomed to their chains, Vvear,tl1en§.,,,xx«fitl7l~r
out xnurmuring or reluctance ;, then, alas mop late
for frsedom, the mighty dl€«Sl)r0t,.a~Wifl1.1»10 ,ot11erWb1‘1f1
to conquer, may find, instead of   thfi cl1arlns ‘of 
pose, thehorrors of ‘I dconscien,ce.l*e, A A H  

The nation that is lulled by “his flattery, secluced

M by his splendour, or awed by his power, yr isyalready

conqueredr. l Every statesman, vyho does not survey?’
his country, and calculate how she “C 1-X- e useful 
France, and what forms audit will be most co11yenient
for the French Emperour to give ,l),.er; and then ldoes
not hold himself ready, at all, ypoyjnts, and at a1l,m.o~
ments, for prevention and resistance,  hastening tlte
ruin of his country. _ VVithout co11side1‘ing,tl1at he
has denmndsd ‘"-“1dT‘3C€iV€d the “S3133? Sacrifice   of
the St D0mi11s0t1“ad6: that his fleets llmbtlerllttitli‘
$11i1vsafsea;t11atcr he has t<>pen1y violated ltllér mus:
inlporténtyprtwisiolisA of a: solemnlltreat ziridlaftéf
ssizi11stW€I1tY   inillions C)|f‘H‘,1)140I)e!rtY."ad'd¢C1:i11t0I:€I;él;‘
ble rinsulttto illjurya by affmtirls tol holdit  as the
price of our acquiescence, in lxisyymeaslnlres, let us
examine Wl1atliwe lmve tfqapp1"el1e11d from the French
E.1nperoL11*, by a glanceatr‘ his ge11eral lpoliycy, and his
l;:11oW,n. treatm_ent of other powers,   A A y, A 

The fate of Holland, of Switzerland, tlxélfrétio
cities Of G€I*man3’a Vmicfia C6393» Gelmaal midlflifi
éther T¢1311bl.3‘-*5,°fE111‘QP¢al is at¥Vi¢€"t01v¢1 talsatthat

.hasb¢com<: “’¢aris0?¢1e,th¢, owl liildifilmittd
the mind~    Yet that, thswvolflélrmayr  ‘”5’?1¥1‘?"W¥1é

i;n:;:~s;eve1"y,,3:earr1>:io¢1%1cWatam P¢1‘t€mai1tS% Ya

O I I I I C O COO

rouse infatuation from its lethargyr.» Let us estimate
hiss policy, by a: = consideration of the A state of.Spain.
The other conquests were pp perhaps necessary» I to his
power; , _. Those: nations were unwillingi « to . A sacrifice
their i11terests and submit to his ruinous despotism.
But Spain, in what manner had she acted? 

Spain‘, longs oppressed by» ‘ad varietytdf r abuses,
enfeebled by a train of corruptions,  and in-the very
dotageretof despotism, could still b'Oa::St,.;Ԥ-t[Z,qt it/ze smz

‘swear settyont jhe2* danzinionag” L AnCenervatede._ court,
though personal1y‘llbo1.1nd to t avenge the fdestlruction

OfQll1€*‘.- principal branch of their tfamily,twas one of
the firstto   peacetmwith it thelrevolutionaryn
govsrnmsntlofi France»  Frnomy that period her blood
 “trealsuresi, shave ,-bneene sacrificed in the 2: cause ; of
that leouintry,l A ‘Without a single object of ; her» town
to gairnshe sent herufieets to be saerificed, exposed
her colonies in to capture; and poured the wealth of
America into the insatiable jaws of l France. . »;
n l To Napoleon the subservience has been ir still

greater.  ' The sword of Francis I. was surrendered
to hirrntpand if therebe anytrchoice amonglmyrniliationsy,
one of the last,  which asnation should be willing to

suffer; is the * surrenders 5 of A nationaltrophies of -;

wry.   . In aidiof   his «lpersonal ambit;ion, she sent the
fioxver of her army to prnorth ofsEt1rope, to obey

3 his orders, whileywith more ,,than]\ Troj an infatuation,

_she; admitted his . troops into her?citaclels.;,p l
Hewas in they mean time carrying distrust and
enmity into the ldeluded family of the sovereign. n A

scene of intrigues and changes ‘fm1IOwfifi3A’:‘ a confused

E21

and m~ysterious, theV relation of Wliifilll A?'lco1iji1re‘§ ~11‘p?~
ideas of secret perfidy 2u1dA“murde1~, till we ’seem* ope!-
prestsed; ash A < if» breathing -1 the A Apestilfe1*oAus atmosphere
of Aa dungeon; AA A He A approaches tothe ffro11tiers,A~and’
invites them” to repose 5 co11fide11celt in him, and stifier‘
him to be the tdisinterested arbiter oft"'tl1eli1r dsiflicultiesi.
PromisesAlof friendship and good‘ William Ashovvered ‘
upon them, and grand“ofiice1"s of the ALegio11ll..ofAlHo1l1:-
our are employed in‘ giving the most solelninlittpletdgvee
of good faith and security, to hasten the confi1"miation
of the tblackest treachery. VVith incredible infaitua:-FA
tion, this bewildeAredA family and their base iAAfavorilteeg‘i
vainly confiding in l1im,”who ‘owed Atl1em so n‘1*uch,"'
enter the territories of France----no friend to» warifli
them of = the certain destiny A’tl"1£t1Z“::1VVEiitf3 ‘them.  wThe*
guarcls once passed----«the last it of If the Boyurblohs 
pris0nerstotAt11isAAA Alsoldiei? of clizmcel, lan‘dl;;the ‘empizzc-2; me
Spaiiii mid the Iiidiesy» their forttme, ol11*dy:i:f“til1=eiA"1~ A:i=Af’¢t111e;j§§
were lost    ‘ ‘   3      it    

A Hecicalnnotf allege A that he has ‘AdAo11et'itltl1i“sIto beiiefit.
Spain”,A< and renotvatet her power, ‘Abeicausei-t is 1*1o11:o“1~i:+{
0113, he could have dictated whet lmeatstiresheplteasled‘
to the Spanish court Tl1eAAAtsz:mr1e‘1i1e11 who were held
in idisgrace, by the A:mi11isterAAAwhot liacl beenso.lon‘gth_=e
creature of France; were Abanisheid from ”a.‘lllco1ieerx1'
iii affaitrs, because ltheyriwisliedl to introduce l’€ti"0I‘i’i1’S;ZiA-
They eare~ how at the heacl of tlieir C0111ltI"_VIY1€171 vvl1eW'
have resisted the i11vac1er,Aand wl1o’m.a:y yet‘ tdl1*iitAre‘l1iifh”
frornil their7te1*ritory._i ;;A They :1nemomb1er— de‘fe11‘ceA i of
Sarragossa; is ¥ a 7noble co11trasitA A to the" fbasei ti*eae'e*eil
ancl c0Whrdie=e“,ii7”With ‘£Vl‘:1'lCh‘5 980 1 IfI1a1‘1_V'4ACiiltlES3 in‘: Citflieti

29

parts of Europe*have" been ceded. Let the patriotic.
Spaniards persevere. VV hat cause is desperate, when
the situation of America in the Winter of 1776 is
remembered?   l 5 i e . A i A

A It’ then my countrymen, neither the rights A of in-
dependent states, nor the strongest claims of strict
alliance, and personal obligation; neitlter the fear of

exposure, nor any respect for the opinion of .1nian_.y-“
i kind, can deter this man frorni prosecutin,ghise plan

of aggrandizeinent, what reasons nAl1av:e_ we A to thinks
ourselves secure ?7—a--Otir distance, the bravery and?
patriotism A0fil“Ot1A1“_AC~i"lZi~.?.*€iI1S will he the answer. F Tlfm
distanced, ; th;e.rollinlgAolcean, are the irnpedinients, With-
which,» drivelling, selfesatisfied politicians have alA1_ay..;,
ed our solioitnde.---Have we Anotseen his arrnies}be¢.;
sieging a town onthe Balticlt, dictating a peaceynyto
[Russia at Tilsit, while another army was at the same
rnoment menacing Siciiy with invasion .9 and do we
talk of distance ? If England were conquered, would
not her navy which is now the first obstacle, become
the ready means to transport his legions to our’
shores ?“’* unless We could be persuaded, that by
sparing him that trouble, We should obtain better
terms 3? From‘ the bravery and patriotism of A our
eitizens, the no‘olestei'i‘orts would indeed be est.-
pected are but even brayeryAr»a11dw patriotism may at
iyastrbe crushedbfilnurnbers.  Have We not reason
to fear too, that his pioneers would be ready, to sow

  ditgjision and deprecate resistance ‘.9 Or, can We flatter

ourselves that We are the only nation he has negiect«
ed to supply with spies and tralitorst? That  n1i-.

‘£3
nisters who seem instinctively to know, how and
when to “ dupe imbecility; and if a single latent
spark of treachery exists, are sure to strike it out,
have left our country unassayed by their arts ‘?----Lest
some of our newspapers beexamined for the answer.

To return fora moment to ourselves. Let us be
grateful my fellow citizens, that themation is no 1011-.
ger on its knees, with its hands in fetters. If they,
who now administer the aflairs of the Government,
will assume an erect posture, and shew to every
country, that they will not submit to insult, or ag-
gression ; their A genemus countrymen, regardless of
names, will support them at every hazard, while they
defend our Itwnsrsvwnsmcss.

 

.;\»":.)f:'3 ;§..---~‘a”i. is of the hEg~hv.—:-st; imp<:m~t:mce, ‘K10 e$t'mm.tre j 113113‘ the <:.’h.:.-we
mter 0foL11'c11emies. 'H1e'u':Hf:*: mics w'11ic:.%hh:u'e.-2 lmczn cire:veflzat»s2<;¥. ab(m*~§:.
Rozmpaxic, give :2. fa’3:se naticavn of his cm-u'::.ctm*, and by re:p1*es«ez‘1t.jng
him as cruel fx-am cap;-ice anti not policy, diminish the app1'ehm1si«3m.
which shm.dd be wente:rt2~.ine€i rcspec:ti1%1g' him. He does not like an AI»
§;".:~x*ine Bey commit ‘»’»’9.I"1t0i1 acts of ::v:mc%lt.3,*, anti cut 0.fi‘heac1sfc'>1*his
:m1usemc;“:nt : but he i.~3fneve1~ c“ic:"u21*3.‘e<3. f1-otrn atzmmnitting :;m§: crime thzaiz
can am'::.n-::::é his power. ‘W’11en he Imus;-d«2:1‘ec1 the Duke c:f%d’En;g§11%ier1, he
E»:.:ncw that he anxiihiizated. the only b1':‘a.m::h (21? the E";‘%0m'b0ns, "~.vbich 1m*:"ha.c;7.
:ce.':~.s0n to fear, zmdg in this fmstz-mac, as in many 0th<::z--:~.s, it is amid he disma-
gnrdcd the opinion and entraatiess of «every person a}3<):,x.t11iz'n.

.7Wa£‘e 2.5---if cm1sc7m::n..::e is «r:ver% :u*<:2~us«:~@ci, it Wm. be by 1w:fiecti*n on the
‘écmrs am} bioorl he has caused by the c<2y.r..s~c'Vr~2T_pze'r;-'22. Time :;Lc«::1;n1u.1za.t%c~;ci
mis»::1~y occw-sioned by *th.iss systészm ezzmrwt be CO1‘1CC1‘~‘E:‘.d b_v any mzm, who
has met witnessed the distress it cmuses in Fmmce. It r)ppr0sses a:—2w2:ry
ifi1m.ii_v in thvs: e1?m:'ai1'e. It is ex sys1:~c;:“a1 0%?" *£;y1-zmxxy ‘:;.h:Lt haw m«.2w:1- fmeezn
wcryzzulleci, ‘whether We cmxsidcr ita e:m:n't, its sew21~it_j.r, or that m—:;:x'n01'scw
‘Mass manna-r in W.‘."£'3iCh. it is arzxzcccutcd. S(.">1’1”lE: pre.~1*sv:ms are fowl of cW.re11irag'
tan the }2:"u.*c15E1ipAs ofiizhe B1‘iti.~.~s1'1 s}“s'te:t%m. of imp';':::ssmcmt.,, :1. system wh’2c;§3a.
:.:0t§1ing;»; but; :1b:f,m1m;e necessity can _jm:stif"y, yet it i3 cm"1fine<:%. to :1 sé.:‘1§;;;k:
",pr%;)2“essi.on, Wh:ic}'1 is w.'V0lm1m'.1~i13,*' asssumezéig sum the .i+m1"i.i%'%.'_ic.’m:.ie.%l.~“s wim zms;
Sl1};»‘}W2.C%:*;0 it, 3.1%: wefl paid zmd wcfl f<':<;L and if '*.'hcy ;1m%disa.b?w3d hzwe za,
c0'n1fi3x°tza.ble p1'0vi.~'aim1 fol“ 'i’zz"3.::~. The cc>ns.c1riptim1 C:7U.‘{‘iCS <lc=:s0%1z;u;1cm im:<3>
i*.we1'y dwefiiixw in 'i7‘I'zmcc. 'H1m.-::=: Mm lmvc no idea. of .its extent, «win
“fi1‘ifl am abhz a1'1:L13-rsis nfit in the .~s.i:x;&:h. n.t.1n‘al3t~:1* <)‘H,1ze Eészcivzsct 1T».‘.e\~'lews 3121.2," -»
'§§.»‘..';}.1f:‘(.1~. 2::/E P11ih1€ieE.ph'w., e:t£”t1':;u:t«1:d @0111 the ELcH:1}>u1*g‘1'1., fbi‘ Jz;L11ua1'y', 1h.}(}‘;;*¢

v./"‘v"£9zfe 3.---«K hope I shall not be miscoxmstxwrz.-(1 by 7mg-a,nd:7x1 «2’uZ:az‘:-as-.9 :' E
(10 not beE.iev£: ‘chant any if-”<W.'ea:r, caum em;Tas¢,ve my cou.nt1-_v,, but I «:10 be»-
lieve if the Bx-iti$hx1:a.v}r were nmv anzxihjlémterl, twu hundreti moms. and vet»
arm Fxwancli, Gertnams, and haiiizams, Woulal comer it with.b10mi and ashefi.
That the French Em.pemr cam mud; ‘:.he:~.~w;: tmops, mm mm“: who reme:1n-
bars tlmt hewas able climcfiy s:f'tm* the pezace 0%‘ Amiens with ‘the dimin-
mished; mwy M‘ France to puma‘ 70,000 'm.cn_, :'-.m;0 fit. Domizago, cam h::~."*~'e:': a
dcmbtg w1'u—:J;her he wiff, is left ‘t0 the mfleactioxx cf timcme, wim km.w-:2
eoau 5-:icH:r.z:c.’i his w2mea*az1po1icg,~.