.A
OLD SETTLERS
OF THE
Grand Traverse Region
Compiled by
S. E. WAIT and W. S. ANDERSON


Price -50 Cents




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THE PIONEER BANK
of the
Grand Traverse Region


Established in 1 85 6
by Hannah, Lay & Co.
Traverse City State Bank
Largest, Oldest and Strongest
Banking Institution in Northwestern Michigan.


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S. E. WAIT
"The Weather Man"


Pioneer of 1850.  Born Fairfield, Vermont, July 21, 1834. Was in the employ of
first, Smithsonian Institution; second, the War Department; third, the Agricultural iepartment; fourth, the Michigan State Board of Health as Meterological (bserver. Furnished
weather reports, weekly to the Grand Traverse Herald, daily to the Record and RecordEagle since 1876, and the ice record since 1851.
The first recorded weather reports were furnished monthly to the "Herald" by Miss
Leonora Phillips of Whitewater, commencing December, 1858. The next were furnished
weekly to the "Herald" commencing December 1, 1859, by John F. Grant.




OLD SETTLERS
A    Historical and Chronological Record
TOGETHER WITH PERSONAL EXPERIENCES AND REMINISCENCES OF MEMBERS
OF THE OLD SETTLERS OF THE GRAND TRAVERSE REGION
The "Early Histories" were taken from Page's History of the
Grand Traverse Region and from
Personal Memory
It would have given us Great Pleasure to have Published in Ful all Contributions
sent in but in Order to Keep Within Bounds, have had
to Curtail Some of 7-Tem.
WE HEREBY WISH TO EXPRESS OUR SINCERE THANKS TO ALL THOSE
WHO HAVE WILLINGLY AND GENEROUSLY FURNISHED MATERIAL
AND ASSISTED US IN THE COMPILATION OF THE WORK
Compiled by
S. E4T WAIT and W. S. ANDERSON
Copyright 1918, by S. E. Wait
TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN
1918




DATES, PRESIDENTS AND PLACES OF MEETING OF
OLD SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION
Date                                President                     Place of Meeting
1884...................... John McDonald................ Elk Rapids
1885......................... John   McDonald...................Elk     Rapids
1886..............    Alexander Campbell................Elk Rapids
1887...................       James McLaughlin................Elk Rapids
1888.........................................No meeting held this year
1889...................   John McDonald.................Elk Rapids
1890..............W............W. H. Fife.................... Elk Rapids
1891......................J. 0. Bloodgood...................Elk Rapids
1892.......................J. 0. Bloodgood............   Elk Rapids
1893....................... James McLaughlin.................Elk Rapids
1894....................... James McLaughlin................. Elk Rapids
1895................ James McLaughlin...............Traverse City
1896.................      Perry Hannah..............Traverse City
1897...................   E.....E. L. Sprague.................Traverse City
1898....................... J. McLaughlin..................Elk Rapids
1899...................          J. H. Monroe...............      'raverse City
1900.........................H. K. Brinkman.................Old Mission
1901............... T. T. Bates...............     Traverse City
1902.......................        J. McLaughlin..................Elk Rapids
1903.............George A. Craker...............            Northport
1904........................ Major Green.....................Charlevoix
1905................              Rose...................       Petoskey
1906.................            J. H. Monroe...........Traverse City
1907........................   *R. W. Bagot.............. Elk Rapids
1908......................Dr. W. M. Payne................. Suttons Bay
1909...........................C. H. Estes................ Traverse City
1910.........................W. S. Anderson......Traverse City
1911.................   Hon. James Greacen..................Kalkaska
1912..................   A. V. Friedrich..............  Traverse City
1913................... Hon. W. W. Smith...............Traverse City
1914........................Dr. W. M.  Payne................ Suttons  Bay
1915......................Will R. Pratt.........                 Old Mission
1916...................         W. L. Case.......................Benzonia
1917............... W. S. Anderson.................Traverse City
1918.............Archibald Buttars...................Charlevoix
*Was to preside; died before meeting.




CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE I.
The name of this Association shall be "The Old Settlers' Association of the Grand
Traverse Region."
ARTICLE II.
The officers of the Association shall be a President, four Vice Presidents, or one from
each organized county within the territory embraced by this Association, a Recording
Secretary or Historian at large, four Historians or one from each organized county.
ARTICLE III.
The object of this Association is for the purpose of collecting and preserving historical,
biographical or other information in relation to the past, present and future of this territory.
ARTICLE IV.
This Association shall embrace within its limits the territory now within the limits of
the organized counties of Antrim, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska and Charlevoix.
ARTICLE V.
The annual subscription of voting male members of this-Association shall not be less
than 50 cents nor more than one dollar as may be required by the by-laws.
ARTICLE VI.
Any person who has resided within the limits of said counties of Antrim, Grand
Traverse, Kalkaska and Charlevoix for 20 years may become a member of this Association
on subscribing to the articles of said Association and paying the membership fee as prescribed by the by-laws, but no member shall be entitled to vote or hold office unless 21
years of age.
ARTICLE VII.
That all persons living in any township of the territory included in the limits of this
organization who have inhabited such township during the first ten years of its settlement
may, by payment of the fees and conforming to the rules of this organization, on application become a member of the same.
ARTICLE VIII.
The annual meeting of this Association shall be held at Elk Rapids on the first
Tuesday of March in each year, at which time the President, Secretaries and Treasurer
shall each present full written reports, officers shall be elected for the ensuing year and
general business may be transacted. Special meetings may be called as the by-laws may
provide.
ARTICLE IX.
These articles of association may be amended at any regular meeting by a two-thirds
vote of all the members present, provided that the proposed amendment shall have been
filed in writing with the Recording Secretary and notice thereof given at the last preceding
meeting and not less than one month prior to the time when the proposed amendments
shall be called up for action. By-laws may be madle, altered or amended at any meeting
on like conditions as to filing and notice by a majority vote of members present at any
regular meeting. By-laws may be temporarily suspended by a unanimous vote of the
members present at any meeting.
ARTICLE X.
The working Committee shall be appointed by the Vice Presidents from each county
respectively and shall consist of one member from  each organized township within the
limits of the association. Names and addresses of said committee to be reported to the
Recording Secretary at each annual meeting.
ARTICLE XI.
The Executive Committee shall be composed of the President, four Vice Presidents
and Recording Secretary.
ARTICLE XII.
Article six of this Constitution is hereby amended so as to read:  "Anv person who
has resided within the limits of said counties of Antrim, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska and
Charlevoix for sixteen years may become a member of this Association on subscribing to
the articles of said Association and paying the membership fee as prescribed by the by-laws,
but no member shall be entitled to vote or hold office unless 21 years of age.".\                         ARTICLE XIII.
The annual meeting of this Association shall be held on the first Wednesday of June
of each year at such place as may he designated by a vote of the members present at the
annual meeting the year previous, at which time the President, Secretaries and Treasurer
shall each present a full written report. The officers shall be elected for the ensuing year
and general business may be transacted. Several meetings may be called as the by-laws
provide.




BY-LAWS
SECTION I.
The President shall be the presiding officer at all meetings of the Association.  He
shall be ex-officio chairman of the Executive Committee, shall countersign all warrants
drawn by the Recording Secretary upon the Treasurer for accounts that have been audited
and allowed by the Executive Committee and shall perform such other duties as usually
pertain to such office of such Associations.
SECTION II.
The Recording Secretary shall keep an accurate record of all proceedings of the
Association and of the Executive Committee, in books to be provided for that purpose, and
he shall record the articles of association at length in a book provided for that purpose.
The said articles each member shall sign, giving place and date of birth, place and date of
first residence within the limits of the territory of this Association, present residence, with
blanks for date and place of death. This blank to be filled by said Secretary at the death
of any member. He shall record and safely keep all papers, documents and material that
may belong to said Association. He shall draw all warrants on the Treasurer and shall
take and preserve proper vouchers for accounts paid. He shall perform such other duties
as the Association by vote may require or the Executive Committee may direct.
SECTION III.
The Treasurer shall have custody of all the moneys and funds of the Association,
shall safely keep the same, shall pay all warrants drawn on him by the Recording Secretary
and countersigned by the President, shall keep a full account of all receipts and disbursements and shall make a full report thereof at each annual meeting and at all other times
when required to do so by the Executive Committee, shall give bond to said Association in
such sum and with such securities as the Executive Committee may require.
SECTION IV.
The Executive Committee shall have the general management of the affairs of this
Association in pursuance of the articles of association, the by-laws, the votes and resolutions
of said Association. They may call extra or special meetings of the Association at such
time and place and for such purpose as they may deem advisable (not inconsistent with the
articles of association), first giving not less than one month's notice of the same by publishing in one or more newspapers within the said counties. The Association may by vote
direct the time and place of holding one or more social gatherings annually.  Notice of the
same snall be published as before provided.
SECTION V.
The Corresponding Secretary or Historian at Large shall conduct all correspondence
of said Association and be the organ of communication between the Association and the
County Historians, and shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by a vote
of said Association or by direction of the Executive Committee.
SECTION VI.
County Historians shall be the local organs of this Association.  With them rests the
success in collections for the Association, of books, pamphlets or papers containing incidents
of the early history of these counties, incidents of pioneer life, relics and curiosities of any
kind.
SECTION VII.
The Vice Presidents shall assist the President at all meetings and in the absence of
the President at any meeting one of the Vice Presidents shall preside.  They are expected
to be especially active in their respective counties in promoting the objects of this Association.
SECTION VIII.
Vacancies in any of the offices maybe filled by the Executive Committee, to serve the
unexpired term.
SECTION IX.
No officer of this Association shall receive any pecuniary compensation for his or her
services.
SECTION X.
Each member of this Association shall pay to the Treasurer a membership fee of onehalf dollar and annual dues of fifty cents, due after January 1, 1884.




The first original poem "A Vision," that was written in the Grand Traverse
region was published in the Grand Traverse Herald February 4, 1859.  It was
written at Elk Rapids by Rev. D. R. Latham, the pioneer Methodist minister,
who organized the first Methodist class in Traverse City April 11, 1858. He
wrote several articles including this poem for the Herald which were signed
"Rambler."
A VISION
It was night around Grand Traverse Bay and the bracing northern breeze
Swept wildly through the forest aisles and the lofty maple trees;
In pensive mood I wandered forth in the moonlight clear and cold
To meditate, where the brumal waves sonorous music rolled.
And as I gazed at the twinkling stars in yonder boundless blue,
Where the silver moon cut the snowy mist which her endless path lay through,
While Nature seemed to hold commune for awhile with Nature's God,
A sprite drew near to the sandy beach as it on the waters trod.
Then striking the earth with a magic wand she bade a vision rise
Of cities and towns, and rural scenes, before my wondering eyes
The sound of coming footsteps, heard in the corridors of time,
Echoed through the spirit chambers of my soul in a voice sublime.
I heard the axe of the pioneer ring out in the dense old wood,
And soon 'mid the charred and massive stumps a pretty village stood;
The click of sharp-toothed saws I heard as the board and plank were torn
From the native pine, by ruthless hands, and away to market borne.
The school-boy's laugh seemed low and far, like the sound of busy bees,
As home he hied through woodlands wild and the green and branching trees.
A voice unearthly echoed shrill, I turned to behold the source,
And saw approach the steamy breath of the tireless iron horse.
I heard the hum of the imigrant and the Anglo-Saxon's tread,
And cities stood where the wigwam erst had covered the red man's head.
Each lofty tree now seemed a spire or a smoking chimney top
Where the engine labored with iron arms in a huge machinist's shop.
And then in my vision I gazed again where the Boardman river laves
Its crystal waters clear and cool in the wild Grand Traverse waves.
The gaslight gleamed-for I thought 'twas night-and the sound of busy feet
Was heard as they passed with hurried steps along the crowded street.
And the Newsboys's voice with nasal twang, as he entered the well-filled car,
With the latest news "by telegraph," "direct from the seat of war,"
Called out "Will you have a paper, sir? The Herald," as thus he said,
I sought to obtain a copy, but that moment the vision fled.
-Rambler.




HON. PERRY HANNAH
Pioneer of 1851
The name of Perry Hannah has been synonymous with Traverse City and the Grand
Traverse Region. He was born in Erie County, Pa, September 22, 1824, the second son of
L. and Anna Hannah. They were farmers and on the death of the mother in 1827, the
father came to Port Huron and afterward to St. Clair where he died in 1862. When he was
13 years old Perry joined his father in Michigan assisting him in the lumbering operations
in which he was engaged. From his 18th to his 21st year he was in the employ of John
Wells in the dry goods trade in Port Huron. In 1846 he went to Chicago and was in the
employ of Jacob Beidler in the lumber business. By the aid of his employer he became the
senior partner of Hannah, Lay & Co.
In 1852 Perry Hannah was married to Miss Anna Flint, who died in 1898, leaving two
daughters and one son. Hattie, wife of J. F. Keeney, Julius T., who married Elsie Raff,
and Claribel, wife of Geo. W. Gardner. Mr. Hannah's subsequent career is shown in the
history of the firm which appears in the pages of this work. He died August 13, 1904.




HON. A. TRACY LAY
Pioneer of 18.51
The part Hon. A. Tracy Lay has played in the building of Traverse City and the
Grand Traverse region is history. Born in Batavia, Genesee County, New York, June 18,
1825, he attended school there until he was sixteen years old, when he began work as clerk
in a country store. In 1849, he went to Chicago, and next year engaged in the lumbering
business at the corner of Jackson and Canal streets, and at this time formed the partnership
with Perry Hannah, that continued until the latter's death.
In 1853, assisted by a civil engineer named Whelpley, Mr. Lay laid out the town of
Traverse City, and thus became the virtual founder of this prosperous municipality. In the
same year was affected the segregation and formal organization of Grand Traverse County.
At the time Mr. Lay and Mr. Hannah came toTraverse City, an arrangement was
made whereby each would devote six months of the year to their interests here, and the
balance in Chicago, where they maintained their homes. This arrangement was pursued
for some time, but was finally abandoned.  Nevertheless, Mr. Lay frequently visited
Traverse City until five years ago, when he made his last visit. His health has not since
permitted of the long trip.
He married at Batavia, N. Y., February 20, 1855, Miss Katherine Smith, daughter of
Rev. Lucius Smith of the Episcopal church. Mr. and Mrs. Lay had four daughters-the
two living are Olive, wife of the late Col. Chas. A. H. McCauley, U. S. A., and Katherine,
wife of R. Floyd Clinch. Mrs. Lay died February 27, 1907. Mr. Lay died March 19, 1918.




10


() L D  S E T T L E R S  () F  1' H E


SQUAW POINT
At the mouth of Boardman River, Traverse City, where the Indians camped on their way to the
huckleberry plains.
INDIAN AND PIONEER LIFE
By Minnie WUat Nicholsonl
Tracing the occupancy of Grand Traverse region, we find, in an account
of the traditions of the Indians told by Chief Mac-a-de-pe-nassv, who has
visited at our house on many occasions, that murder in cold blood among the
Indians was rare before they knew the plague of firewater; the only instance
extant in this state being at the Straits of Mackinac. A foolish young Ottawa,
while in dispute over his nets, stabbed a Chippewa. The latter tribe was so
incensed over the outrage that a bloody war was threatened. After many
councils, the Chippewas demanding bloodshed, and the Ottawas desiring compromise, the matter was finally settled by the Ottawas ceding a desirable part
of their country to the Chippewas for a vast hunting ground.  This seemed to
appease the wrath of the Chippewas, and the district now known as our Grand
Traverse Region was the tract given by this treaty. All rivers and streams in
the Lower Peninsula, in which to trap beaver, mink, otter, and muskrat, were
also ceded.
A noted Chippewa Chief, We-we-gen-deby, was the first settler in this
tract; this w as about 250 years ago. One day as he was roaming the forests
of the newly acquired hunting grounds he discovered a shining copper kettle
nearly imbedded in the roots of a tree.  It had a bright spot on the bottom as
though it had never been used, and was so large that a whole deer or bear
could be cooked in it. The Chief gazed in awe upon it as direct from some
mighty Manitou, and gathered his people to the place where it was discovered,
in this way founding the first settlement. This manitou-au-kick, or god-kettle,
as it was called, was kept as a sacred relic to the tribe and was securely hidden
in a little-frequented part of the forest where it remained, being brought forth
only for sacred feasts, as it was supposed to have been made by some deity
who presided over this particular region. The kettle was of peculiar build,
having neither rim or bail, showing that it was not of Indian manufacture and
dated back to some pre-historic race. When the Indians of this region became




OF  T HE  GRAND  TRAVERS E  REGION


11


civilized they began using this manitou-au-kick more commonly, the awe surrounding it having somewhat lessened, it was used for boiling maple sugar.
A rim and bail were added in 1840 at the Government blacksmith shop at Old
Mission, now a pretty summer resort about eighteen miles from Traverse City
on the peninsula. My father remembers seeing this magic kettle in his boyhood days at Old Mission.
In the County of Emmet was a small tribe known as the Prairie or Mushco-desh Indians. They were of Algonquin stock, were peaceable and never
known to go on the war path. The Ottawas were friends of this tribe, in fact
they called themselves brothers, but through the love of war the Ottawas came
to be condemned by this little tribe. The noted Ottawa Chief, Saw-ge-maw,
when on one of his western war trips met with great disaster; many of his
warriors were killed, and on returning home they approached a Mush-co-desh
village in a canoe. Saw-ge-maw said to his few remaining warriors, "Let us
take our sad news to our relatives, the Mush-co-desh." So, as they approached
the shore they began an unearthly wailing or dirge of the warriors. When the
Mush-co-desh heard it, instead of joining in sympathy, they thought it a good
time to show the Ottawas how they regarded their marauding expeditions so
they rolled up ashes in leaves and threw at the grief-stricken Ottawas. The
most terrible battle ever fought in this region was the outcome. Tradition
says that this was the greatest slaughter or massacre that the Ottawas ever
committed. The place where the doomed village stood is now known by an
opening in the dense forest near Cross Village. The result of this battle was
almost the extinction of the Mush-co-desh, thirty or fifty thousand in number,
and a firmer hold by the Ottawas on the region. There soon came to be permanent settlements at Cross Village, Middle Village and Harbor Springs, all
within sixty five miles of Traverse City; besides wigwams singly and in
groups, scattered at intervals all along the shore. Old orchards and gardens
are still in existence on the peninsula in our bay, also at the little resort,
Omena, twenty-five miles from here, at Norwood and Leland, about the same
distance. Fruit trees of this early planting are now found in the young forests,
relics of a race that is disappearing.
The Indian built his gardens on the high lands back of his village and
raised corn, pumpkins, beans and potatoes. Some wild fruits were cultivated
and the apple seed he obtained from the Jesuits. Some of these trees I have
seen are sturdy old landmarks, though their fruit-bearing days are over.
The quaint villages were made up of dwellings of various sizes and
shapes; the most substantial consisting of a frame of cedar poles covered with
cedar bark. Some of these were fifty or sixty feet long, and places for three
fires. Then there were the lighter dwellings consisting of frames of poles
covered with mats, some cone-shaped and some convex at the top.  The mats
were made ten to twelve feet long, of long slender leaves of the cat-tail flag.
They were often used as traveling tents, being light and easy to carry in
expeditions. In the woods, even in winter the Indians sometimes lived in
temporary wigwams of evergreen boughs. The houses were windowless, the
fire being built on the ground in the center, furnishing light and warmth. If
the lodge was long, these fires were built in rows, holes in the roof serving as
a chimney. A raised platform covered with elaborately colored woven mats
along the sides of the room, was used as a seat during the day and a sleeping
place at night. Some of these mats were beautifully ornamented in colors and
were made of rushes from shallow lakes, woven together with twine made
from the bark of the slippery-elm or basswood and were about six to eight feet
long by four feet wide.
Though the Red Man hunted at all times, winter was the season best
adapted to: the pursuit; then a greater part of the population left the villages
and scattered through the dense forests along our chains of lakes, embarking




OLD  SETTr, E RS  OF  T HE


in canoes. Several families had their winter camping grounds at Boardman
Lake, within the present limits of Traverse City.
The women remained here while the hunters went into the forest solitudes
bringing back the spoils of the chase several times during the winter. The
hunting camps were always on the banks of river or lake.
While her brave was in the depths of the forest and the cold wind shrieked
through the fir trees, the busy squaw wove the rush and corn husk mats for
her home. She tanned the deerskins and shaped them into clothing for her
family; she cured the soft rich furs for rugs and wraps, plaited splint baskets
and rolled the wild hemp on her thigh and twisted it into twine for fish nets.
She dressed the game and smoked the venison her Indian brave brought back
to the lodge, and she carried her papoose on her back wherever she went. It
was considered a disgrace for the Indian to perform menial labor. The wife
was expected to do all that was necessary for his comfort and pleasure, leaving
him free to hunt and fish and battle with his enemies.
There were many trails throughout the dense forest in this section, in fact,
those were the only roads in the early days. I have heard pioneers tell of the
time when, to follow one of these trails, they threw themselves from one side
of the horse to the other to escape the rough bark of the trees, so winding
were they. It is said that they were marked by bending down the branches of
the young trees and tying them with hemp cord until the trees grew in this
contorted fashion. The southern tribes are said to trace their trails by the
heavy vines which they weave into the forms of serpents. On this street,
almost across from the Methodist Church is one of those contorted trees, and
further up the street is another that marked a trail to Grand Rapids. There
was also a prominent trail along the river bank, just back of this church which
followed the river and then struck off into the dense forest.
When the white man first visited the Indians in their winter homes, they
were surprised at their social customs. They were fond of visiting, and it was
the aim of each family to excel the others in spreading the finest feasts. If one
brave was more successful than his neighbor in bringing home game, or fish,
he prepared a feast to which everyone in the village was invited, the meal was
prolonged with cheerful conversation and stories of personal adventure; the
women listened but took no part. After the feast they went to their lodges
leaving the men to finish with a quiet smoke.
Often as the kettle boiled over the cheerful fire, wild stories were told of
necromancy and witchcraft, men transformed to beasts and beasts to men, of
malignant sorceresses dwelling among the lonely isles of spell-bound lakes,
and evil manitous lurking in the woods. To the Indian all nature was instinct
with deity; the sun was a god and the moon was a goddess. Conflicting
powers of good and evil ruled the universe. Our Bible story of the ark is
among their traditions, the ark being a huge canoe.
Sometimes in the evening about the fire, weird dances would be indulged
in; medicine dances, fire dances, corn dances accompanied by frightful noises
and beating on bark and skin drums. One of their spring feasts and merrymalings was called the Sweetwater dance, held in the maple grove in the
spring before the trees were tapped for sap. It was a religious as well as
social festival. Prayer was offered for an abundant flow of sap and success in
gathering and boiling it. The Indians are very fond of maple sugar, and
made quite an industry of preparing it.
I shall have little time to dwell upon the language of the Ottawas and
Chippewas. It is simple, having few forms; instead of many words, prefixeiand suffixes are used, making the words appear long and the language compls




GRAND       TRAVERSE          REGION                 13
cated. Some words are used as adjectives as well as adverbs, such as "mino,"
good, right or well.
As a child I remember our Indians always with a blanketed head and
moccasined feet, with their bags of basswood bark fibre strapped across the
forehead, selling baskets and speaking not a word of English. Now they come
dressed as the white men bringing their baskets to the merchants and speaking good English. One misses the picturesqueness of the old ways, but the
advance is not only in dress, it is in the mind as well and means enlightenment.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE POSTAL SYSTEM
The earliest date in regard to mail service in this region is found in the
diaries of Rev. George N. Smith, a Congregational minister who arrived at
the Grand Traverse region June, 1849, when under date of July 2, writes of
the first ehtry of mail. "John Campbell, the government blacksmith of Old
Mission, accompanied by his son-in-law, H.'K. Cowles, arrived at the Ottawa
mission, conducted by Mr. Smith at Waukazooville (Northport) with mail
consisting of two letters and the religious paper "The Evangelist" and "The
Youth's 'abinet," evidently the first name of "The Youth's Companion."
They came across the bay from the mission conducted by Rev, Peter
Dougherty and returned the same way carrying two letters, one to the "Evangelist," and the other a corrected weather report for the Smithsonian Institute
at Washington. These letters were forwarded from Old Mission to Mackinaw
and from there to their destination by way of Saginaw." August 27, nearly
two months later, mail again arrived from Mackinaw by boat direct by Indian
messenger "Ponite," bearing a letter of instruction to the missionary informing the settlements that the coming Indian payment by the government would
be made at Mackinaw. Heralds were sent out to carry the message to all
Ottawas of the region. No mention of mail is made again until October 6,
when Mr. Smith went by boat to Old Mission where they held a meeting of the
citizens "to petition for a postoffice and for the organization of a town."  Mail
did not arrive in the north again until Joseph Thacker arrived May 3, 1850,
with several letters, returning May 7 for Detroit with the outgoing mail. The
following day Chief Shob-wa-sung arrived with one letter. Mail arrived at
long intervals until December 11, 1850, when Rev. Smith settled the postoffice
bill for the past year, found the whole $4.01. Had previously paid $1.20, so
paid in settlement $2.81. Took receipt for $4.00. "Left $2.00 with John
Campbell to send to the Youth's Cabinet for the current year." Little mail
arrived in the region in the winter of 1851 until the first of April through the
unfaithfulness of the contractor at Saginaw. Mr. Whitcher brought this mail
and received $2 toward carrying it the past winter and 20 cents for two letters
brought at this time.
Now the mail began straggling in by messenger and by vessels entering
the bay, among which were the Merrill of Northport, the Arrow, Capt. Michael
Fitzgerald of Old Mission, the Venus, Capt. Peter Nelson, the Yankee of Mackinaw, and the Cherokee, of Racine, Wis. The Michigan, the first steamer to
enter the bay, came April 14, 1851, and brought much news from the outside
world.
The first mails were brought from Mackinaw and-probably the first man to
distribute mail in the Grand Traverse region was Lewis Miller at Old Mission.
The postoffice was not formally established until 1851, when W. R. Stone of
Old Mission was appointed the first postmaster with no salary, the location
being in the little log house where he lived with his family, the mail being
kept in a raisin box nailed to the wall.




14              OLD     SETTLERS          OF    THE
The mail carrier at first was an Indian who was taken by boat across the
bay to a point north of Elk Rapids, from which place he took his northerly
jaunt of a hundred miles. On his return he built a monster bonfire to signal
his safety, and the postmaster then made arrangements to go across after him.
There were no postage stamps, the carrier receiving 25 cents per letter directly
from the writer. William Davenport, of Mackinaw Island, was one of the later
mail carriers, his route being between his island home and this postoffice at
Grand Traverse, a trip being made every two weeks. His outfit for the winter
trip consisted of four large hound dogs and a toboggan sledge, capable of
carrying heavy loads. A stop was always made over night at Beaver Island
when Lake Michigan was frozen over, where crowds greeted the messenger to
hear news of the outside world.
In the spring of 1852 a squad of twenty Indians with the same number of
dogs came from the upper peninsula on their way to Croton 120 miles south
of Grand Traverse, where they were to get the U. S. mail accumulated there
for them during the winter. They'returned past the post of the Grand Traverse
region, the Indians on snow shoes walking in single file ahead of the dog
trains so that the progress of the dogs might be made easy. From six to
eight dogs were harnessed to a sledge in tandem style upon which were
strapped the mail bags and supplies. As a precautionary measure one trustworthy Indian walked behind the train to see that all was well.
Ann Dakin, a servant in the boarding house of Hannah, Lay & Co., was
a visitor at her home at Old Mission at the time and to her fell the lot of
bringing back the long-sought mail. Fully one hundred pounds were strapped
to her back with which she walked alone to Traverse City.
In the winter of 1852-3 Mr. A. T. Lay made a trip to Washington and was
successful in obtaining a postoffice at the head of the bay. The name at Old
Mission was Grand Traverse. In consultation with the postoffice department
it was decided to change the name of the Grand Traverse office to Old Mission
and cut off Grand and add City to Traverse and call the one at the head of the
bay Traverse City. The mail arriving now came from the south instead of
from the north, Indian "Jake" Ta-pa-sah packing it over the Indian trail on foot,
Mr.Lay taking the first year's contract for $400 per year. Before the expiration
of the year the increase in mail nearly doubled and Hugh McGillis was engaged
to carry by the aid of a horse-he cutting the first road from here to Herring
creek on the lake shore road. The road from the south led along the lake
shore, past White Hall, Ludington, Manistee to Sleeping Bear point, thence
through the woods connecting with the road made by Hugh McGillis.
Dr. D. C. Goodale, who arrived in April, was appointed the first postmaster with Henry D. Campbell assistant. In 1861 a change of administration
caused a corresponding change in the postoffice and Henry D. Campbell
succeeded to the office. Chas. H. Marsh succeeded H. D. Campbell. Others
will be mentioned later.
For four years previous to the opening of the G. R. & I. railroad from Big
Rapids Henry D. Campbell undertook the herculean task of transporting the
bulky pouches and freight and passenger traffic from Big Rapids to Traverse
City, ninety-six miles away.
William F. Harsha drove the stage from  Big Rapids every day for two
years. He was succeeded by his brother John G. Harsha, who drove the stage
from Cadillac to Traverse City for a number of years. Among the drivers of
this famed stage route were William Newman, Jerome Schell and William
Durr.
The following is a complete list of the local postmasters from 1853:
Dr. D. C. Goodale, H. D. Campbell, Chas. H. Marsh, Rev. H. P. Barker, -S. C.
Fuller, Thos. T. Bates, M. E. Haskell, E. L. Sprague, George W. Raff; A. 'V.
Friedrich, Geo. W. Raff, 0, P. Carver, Frank Friedrich, Emanuel Wilhelm.




G R A N D  T R A V EPR S E k E O I O N


EMANUEL WILHELM                          MYRON E. HASKELL
Postmaster                            Assistant Postmaster
THE TRAVERSE CITY POSTOFFICE
Prior to 1850, the region north of the Muskegon river was an unbroken
wilderness with but one postoffice, located at what is now known as Old
Mission. The nearest office to the south was at Croton, on the Muskegon
river, a distance of 120 miles, and to the north the nearest office was located
at Mackinaw and more than 100 miles had to be covered in order to reach this
point.
Mail was transported by Indians over Indian Trails from Croton to Old
Mission and Mackinaw and so it was very irregular and uncertain, particularly
during the winter season. The Traverse City Post Office was established in
1853, with semi-monthly mail service; the late Dr. D. C. Goodale was appointed Postmaster and the first U. S. Mail received consisted of seven letters and a
few newspapers. However the office began to grow until in 1872 to 1874 when
two clerks were required to take care of the increased business, with Mr. S. C.
Fuller presiding as Postmaster. Mr. Myron E. Haskell soon made his appearance as clerk in the office and it was not long before it became apparent to the
Postmaster that Mr. Haskell could handle about all the work, and so he let
him do it and gave the other clerk a long vacation.  About this time there
were seven stage routes going out of here to such places as Northport, Empire,
Glen Haven, Elk Rapids, Old Mission, Frankfort, Cheboygan, etc., and during
two and a half years Mr. Haskell opened every pouch of mail that was received
and closed every pouch that was dispatched, working from 5 a. m. until 10 or
11 at night.
The gross receipts of the office were about $4000 per year at that time and
it may be said that this was the foundation upon which was constructed a
business that developed from year to year until it has reached its present proportions. The Traverse City Post Office at the present time is doing a business of over $44,000 annually, and so holds the position of "First Class" with




16


OLD  SETTLERS  OF  THE


twenty-one other post offices in the state of Michigan. Recently this has been
made the "Central Accounting Office" for Grand Traverse County and a depository for this whole northern region which includes over sixty of the smaller
offices and the business is constantly increasing.  There are twenty-eight
employed in this office at present with a monthly pay roll of more than $3000.
One of the oldest employes is Mr. Haskell who has been identified with the
office for more than a quarter of a century, and many people would feel that
they had not been in the building if he did not make his appearance, and to his
credit may be said that he is one of the best posted men on Postal Laws and
Regulations in the State of Michigan. The constantly increasing business of
the office is being well taken care of by the present postmaster, Emanuel
Wilhelm, who is one of our old settlers and constant booster for the Queen
City of the North.


"JAKE" TA-PA-SAH
Indian Jake was the first mail carrier from the south to Traverse City in 1863, being in the employ of Mr. A. T.
Lay, who had the contract for this year-"Jake packing it over the Indian trail on foot from Croton, a small
town in Newago County on the Muskegon river.
PIONEERS AND PIONEERING
By S. E. Wait
Old Mission seemed to be the objective point for the first white settlers,
there being earlier and more convenient communication between that point and
Mackinaw by vessels sailing between the two places. The first white settlers
were Rev. Peter Dougherty and Rev. John Fleming, who landed in Mission
Harbor in May, 1839.    They had spent the previous winter in Mackinaw      and
had come to establish a mission for the Presbyterian Board.     There were no




GRAND  TRAVERSE  RE G ION


visible signs of the presence of man save a few bark wigwams in a narrow
break in the fringe of the forest. Only one Indian was found in the village,
the rest of the band being encamped at the mouth of the river on the opposite
side of the bay. A signal made with a column of smoke by the Indian had the
effect of bringing over a canoe full of young men who came to inquire what
they wanted. On finding that the errand was to establish a mission for the
purpose of giving religious teaching they said the head Chief would come in a
few days and then they would get an answer.  On arrival of the old Chief
Ish-qua-go-na-ba a council was held and it was decided to establish a mission.
The location was first fixed on the south side of Elk River, but after consulting
the wishes of the young chief Agosa and the principal men of the tribe at
Mission Harbor they were convinced that the harbor was a more eligible site
for the mission. An unexpected blow fell on their mutual plans.  A messenger came from Mackinaw with word that Mr. Fleming's wife had died suddenly
at that place. Mr. Fleming with the four men who came with him, immediately embarked in their boat for Mackinaw. He never returned to the Mission.
With the exception of a party of surveyors at work east of Elk and Torch
Lakes Mr. Dougherty was now the only white settler in the country.
About the 20th of June Henry R. Schoolcraft, Indian agent, arrived in a
small vessel, accompanied by Robert Graverat as his interpreter, and Isaac
George as Indian blacksmith.  Arrangements were immediately made for
opening a school with Mr. Dougherty's interpreter, Peter Greensky as teacher.
The school was located in a little bark wigwam that the Indians had vacated
for Mr. Dougherty's use. In the fall John Johnson arrived with a yoke of
oxen as Indian farmer. In the fall of 1841, besides Indian wigwams there
were five log buildings at the mission, the school house and four dwellings.
The dwellings were occupied by Mr. Dougherty, missionary; Henry Bradley, mission teacher; John Johnson, Indian farmer; and David McGulpin,
assistant farmer. As regards race, the little community, the only representative of Christian civilization in the heart of the savage wilderness was somewhat mixed. John Johnson was a half Indian with a white wife; McGulpin
was a white man with an Indian wife; all the others except Greensky, the interpreter, were whites. It was at this time that Joseph Dame and Lewis
Miller arrived. Mr. Dame had secured the appointment of Indian farmer to
succeed John Johnson. Lewis Miller resolved to accompany him, more for
the novelty of the thing than from any definite purpose, with reference to the
future. With them came Mrs. Dame and their children, Eusebius F., Almira
and Mary. Olive M. came the following year. About 1842 a more commodious dwelling and a mission church was commenced by Mr. Dougherty. The
dwelling was the first frame building erected in the Grand Traverse country.
The church had solid walls built after the Canadian French style of hewn cedar
timbers, laid one upon an other and kept in place by the ends being fitted into
groves in upright posts. The church is owned by the Methodist Episcopal
Society and is still used as a house of worship.  Among the earlier settlers,
not conneeted with the mission or agency. were Lewis Miller, Alexander Paul,
H. K. Cowles, John Swaney and Martin S. Wait.  By 1850 the little group of
wigwams and log cabins had grown to a village of considerable size.  The
Indians had generally abandoned their early style of wigwams, and were living
in houses built of hewn logs and whitewashed on the outside.  Seen from  a
distance the village presented a pretty and inviting appearance. According to
their original custom, the Indians lived in the village and cultivated their
gardens some distance away. In November, 1850 my father's family arrived
at the Mission, having left Mackinaw a few days previous on the schooner
Arrow, which had been making weekly trips between the two ports.  The
vessel was so laden with household goods that her rigging was tied full of
chairs and the lighter articles that could not be stowed on deck or in the hold.




18


OLD  SETTLERS  OF  THE


We rented a house for the winter and the next spring purchased the residence
of Daniel Rodd, the interpreter, which remained in possession of the family
until 1884. A project of removing the Indians beyond the Mississippi was at
one time seriously considered by the Government.  They cultivated small
patches of ground, from one acre to six. They had no title to these.  The
terms of the treaty by which they were to retain their lands had expired. The
white settlers wanted the lands, and the question arose what to do with the
Indians. A deputation sent to examine their proposed new home in the West
reported unfavorably. They determined not to be removed. At this juncture
the adoption of the revised State Constitution of 1850 made citizens of all
civilized persons of Indian descent not members of any tribe.  They could
purchase land of the Government as citizens. The land on the Peninsula was
not yet in market. That on the west shore was.
By the advice of Mr. Dougherty several families agreed to set aside a
certain amount from their next annual payment for the purchase of lands. The
Indians on the Peninsula held possession of considerable portions of the lands
but could give no legal title.  They could, however, sell their possessory
rights, and the whites recognizing the eligibility of the location for agricultural
pursuits became purchasers, taking the chances of obtaining a title from the
Government at a future time.
NEW MISSION
Seeing that the Indian community at the mission would finally be broken
up Mr. Dougherty concluded to change the location of the mission itself.
Accordingly purchase was made of an eligible tract of land suitable for a farm
and a manual labor school on the point near the place now called Omena, in
Leelanau County, to which he removed early in the spring of 1852.  This was
now the New Mission and the other has ever since been known as Old Mission.
The New Mission point had been occupied by a band of Indians called by the
name of their chief Shawb-wah-sun's band, some of whose gardens were
included in the tract purchased by Mr. Dougherty.  The tribe known a s the
Pa-shaw-ba Indians, who were located on the east side of the peninsula, about
half way up the East Bay, moved at this time to a point on the west shore of
West Bay, about half way between New Mission and Suttons Bay, and a
Catholic Mission was established there. Father Mrack, who was afterwards
bishop of the Northern Peninsula, had charge of this Mission for a number of
years. The manual labor school at New Mission was opened in the fall following the removal. The number of pupils was limited to fifty, t\venty-five of
each sex. Young children were not received, except in one instance, the rule
was suspended in favor of two homeless orphans.  When received into the
school, the pupils were first washed and clothed; the common clothing of both
sexes consisted of coarse but decent and serviceable material. The boys were
employed on the farm, the girls in housework and sewing.  At five o'clock in
the morning the bell rang for all to rise. At six o'clock it called all together
for worship. Soon after worship breakfast was served, the boys sitting at one
table, the girls at another. After breakfast all repaired to their daily labor
and worked till half past eight, when the school bell called them all to the
school room.
At the time of the war of the rebellion the Board became financially embarrassed and the work of the mission was discontinued.
In 1868 Mr. Dougherty sold the farm consisting of 568 acres, 100 of which
were improved, to Valentine C. Mills of Iowa, for $5000. In 1883 the property
was purchased by a party of Cincinnati gentlemen who proposed to improve it
for a summer resort, rebuilding the mission house to be three stories and a




GRAN D TRAV tkS E RAV  GI5E   N


19


mansard roof and to be 60x76 feet in size. It is 113 feet above the bay, seventy
six feet from ground to top of cupola, contains thirty-five sleeping rooms, two
parlors, spacious halls, verandas, dining room, etc.
PIONEER WEDDING
The pioneer wedding was that of Miss Olive Dame of Old Mission, to Mr.
Ansel Salisbury of Wisconsin, in the fall of 1842. Mr. Dougherty wished that
the Indians should profit by acquaintance with the institutions of Christian
civilization. Accordingly, by the consent of all parties, it was arranged that
the ceremony should take place in public. At a convenient hour in the morning the little school house was filled with a mixed company of whites and
Indians. The bride was in simple attire as befitted the occasion and surroundings. The Indian women in their bright shawls and beaded moccasins, and
the Indian men, some of them clothed in a style only a degree or two removed
from the most primitive undress, all looking gravely on apparently unmoved.
The whites were dressed in their Sunday best, which, in most cases, were
somewhat rusty. The marriage rite was simple and impressive. The couple
departed immediately on their wedding tour in a large birch bark canoe for
Mackinaw, navigated by four Innians. They remained a few days in Mackinaw then embarked on a steam boat for their home in Wisconsin.  The next
wedding of the pioneers was that of Lewis Miller to Miss Catherine Kiley.
They were married in Mackinaw in September, 1845, took their wedding trip
on the vessel, "Lady of the Lake," and after a tempestuous voyage landed at
Old Mission. Their first child, Henry L. Miller, was the pioneer white child
of Grand Traverse.
It was discovered by the early settlers that there were extensive abandoned Indian gardens on the high lands back of where Norwood now stands.
These were covered by dense grass and a bearing apple orchard.  My father
decided that here would be a good opportunity to get trees with which to start
an orchard. Accordingly, when the school had closed in the spring of 1852,
on the schooner Madeline in Bowers Harbor, he engaged her to bring the trees
to Old Mission. There being no dock at the place she was obliged to anchor
out some distance while the trees were brought on board with the yawl. They
were set oat on our farm, grew finely aud are now the oldest trees on the
peninsula.
REV. GEORGE N. SMITH
The pioneer of Northport was Rev. George N. Smith, a Congregational
minister, who had spent two years in missionary work among the Indians of
Black River, Allegan County. In 1838 a meeting of Ottawa and Chippewa
Indians was called at Allegan for the purpose of talking over a scheme for
their colonization. Mr. Smith was the foremost actor in the movement.  He
at once went to work to perfect the colonization scheme, laboring day and
night, sometimes to the neglect of his family.  During this time he visited
different tribes of Indians, raising means wherever possible.  In hunting a
suitable location it became necessary to travel from the Straits of Mackinaw to
the southern boundary of the state. One memorable trip was made in canoes
from Allegan to Cross Village, north of Little Traverse Bay. This trip
occupying a month and three days was attended with perils and dangers by
land and water. The Indians finally determined to locate on Black River in
Ottawa County, whither they moved in the summer of 1839. Mr. Smith also
established his family there, having first erected a log house in which to live.
In 1847 a colony of Hollanders settled on Black Lake in close proximity to
the Indians. It seems the former encroached upon the latter to such an extent
as to make it necessary for the Indians to locate elsewhere as a matter of selfprotection. So in the summer of 1849 he, with his family and forty or fifty




20


OL LD  SETTLERS  OF  THE


Indian families, removed from Black River to Grand Traverse Bay.
NORTHPORT
A village was laid out and called Waukazooville, after the chief Waukazoo.
The name was afterward changed to Northport.  Mr. Smith's position as
missionary was one of responsibility and toil.  He was preacher, doctor,
teacher, judge and adviser-general combined. He healed their sick, settled
their disputes and educated them. He was often compelled to make long trips
with the Indians, leaving his family alone in the woods for weeks at a time.
The other pioneers of Northport were James McLaughlin, Indian farmer,
and William H. Case who came in 1849 up the coast on the schooner "Merrill"
of which Mr. McLaughlin was the owner.
TRAVERSE CITY
The pioneers of Traverse City were Horace Boardman who came in 1847
to erect a saw mill, and Michael Gay who sailed Mr. Boardman's vessel the
"Lady of the Lake." The little craft was later sent to the Manitou Islands to
bring a party of employees who, it had been arranged should come as far as
the islands by steamer. The passengers were Mr. Gay's young wife, then
about sixteen years of age, and her four month's old baby, Mr. and Mrs.
Duncan, Ann VanAmburg and several carpenters. A house was built of hewn
logs near the foot of Boardman Lake and a small saw mill was built on the
creek that had its sources in the hills to the south and west of the bay, across
which a dam was built to raise the water to get power. A tent was constructed of some sails for the accommodation of the two married couples and girl.
The single men shifted for themselves as best they could. The company lived
in this manner during the summer. Immediately on the arrival of the carpenters, all hands were set to work on the mill.  The "Lady of the Lake"
made a trip to Manistee after plank for the flume. When the frame was ready
all the white men at Old Mission and several Indians came to help raise it.
Then some of the first boards were used to complete the block house which up
to that time had remained unfinished.
HANNAH, LAY & CO.
In May, 1850, three young men in Chicago entered into partnership under
the firm name of Hannah, Lay & Company for the purpose of carrying on the
lumber trade. The firm opened business on the corner of Jackson and Canal
streets, buying their stock by the cargo in the harbor.  Early in 1851 they
conceived the project of having somewhere a saw mill of their own for making
lumber, thus saving to themselves the profit they were now paying the manufacturer. Falling in with Mr. Curtis, one of the mechanics who had built the
Boardman mill, they obtained from him their first knowledge of the country on
Grand Traverse Bay. Captain Boardman found that the mill, as managed by
his son, was not profitable and concluding it would be wise to dispose of it
proposed to sell it to the new firm. So Mr. Hannah, accompanied by William
Morgan and Captain Boardman, after a tempestuous voyage on the little
schooner Venus riding a gale of three days duration on Lake Michigan,
arrived at the head of the bay to view the property. The mill was not running.
On entering the house the hands were all found there amusing themselves
with the game of old sledge. After shaking hands all around, Captain Boardman said to his son, "Horace, how is this that you are not running the mill."
He replied, "Father, it was a little rainy today; the boys outside could not
work very well and they wanted the men in the mill to make up the number
for the game so I concluded to shut down for a time in order that they might
have a little fun." A proposition of Captain Boardman's was accepted by the
new firm by which they came into possession of his entire interest in the mill
building and about two hundred acres of land. The following season a new
mill run by steam power was erected on the strip of land between the river




GRAND  TRAVERSE  RREGION


21


and the bay. Various changes took place in the growth of the firm and community, until the time when the work which naturally belongs to the church
became of interest to the people.
FIRST CHURCHES
The first Methodist class in Traverse City was organized by Rev. D.
R. Latham April 11, 1858, consisting of William Fowle, Mrs. Dr. Goodale and
five others. The meetings were held in the school house which had recently
been built. Mr. Latham's voluntary labors ended in the fall of 1858, at which
time he was admitted to conference and appointed to the Elk Rapids circuit.
He was succeeded by Rev. W. W. Johnson.. In the fall Rev. S. Steele came
charged with the double relation of pastor and presiding elder.
In 1862 two young men, Rev. J. H. Crum and Rev. Leroy Warren, were
sent here by the Congregational Church at Oberlin, Ohio. Mr. Crum remaining here and Mr. Warren going to Elk Rapids. After three month's preaching
every alternate Sunday and much pastoral visitation, the way was prepared for
the organization of a church of ten members, including the pastor and his wife.
Articles of faith, covenant and by-laws were agreed upon. An invitation was
then extended to the one or two Congregational Churches and Congregational
ministers as were in the Grand Traverse region to come in council and proceed
to the service of public organization. So on the morning of February 2, 1863,
an audience of about fifty assembled in the little village school house and
listened attentively to the services conducted by Rev. Charles Bailey of Benzonia, and in the afternoon to a sermon by Rev. George Thompson, also of
Benzonia; then came forward and asserted to the articles of faith and the covenant the following persons: Rev. J. H. and Mrs. J. H. Crum, Leroy C. Blood
and Mrs. Fannie E. Blood, Amos and Mrs. Cecelia Hill, Elvin L. Sprague,
Mrs. Mary Sprague and Mrs. Caroline McLeod. Rev. Leroy Warren of Elk
Rapids, assisted in the services and after the administration of the communion
Elvin L. Sprague was elected deacon and L. C. Blood, clerk, and the first
Congregational Church of Traverse City came into existence.
BENZONIA
The real pioneer and instigator of Benzonia College was Rev. Charles E.
Bailey of Medina, Ohio. About the year 1855 the idea of a Christian colony
and college as one of the best agencies for laying a foundation for good in the
world took definite shape in his mind.  Later he learned that some of the
people attending the ministry of the Rev. M. W. Fairfield were entertaining a
similar project. A meeting was held at Mr. Bailey's house and a plan of
operation agreed upon and Messrs. Bailey and Fairfield undertook to find a
suitable location. After a toilsome journey of exploration through a part of
Iowa they returned to Medina, when Mr. Fairfield withdrew from the enterprise. Some time later Mr. Bailey's brother John had clipped from the New
York Tribune an article written by Deacon Dame describing in glowing terms
the country around Grand Traverse Bay. While the Bailey brothers were discussing plans, Mr. Chauncey L. Carrier, on his way west in search of a home,
called on Rev. A. D. Barber, an old school friend, who informed him of the
project in which the Bailey's were engaged and induced him to join them. Mr.
Carrier never became a resident of Grand Traverse country. A sincere friend
of the oppressed and a lover of his country, he offered himself in their and her
defence, joined the First Michigan Cavalry and laid down his life during the
struggle in the rebellion. Some time after the close of the war Mr. Carrier's
family became residents of Benzonia.
It is not necessary for me to go into detail of the pioneering of Benzonia.
It is already known of the conscientuous and careful search and investigation of
different portions of Iowa, Missouri and Michigan, by Mr. Bailey and his asso



22


2  OL D  S E T T  ER S  OF       E


ciates which finally terminated in the selection of this beautiful spot for the
location of their homes and the Benzonia college and school fifty-six years ago.
Looking back from this distance the pioneer days seem to us more full of
privations, perils and struggles than they really were.  Distance exaggerates
them. Some one who had not been there could write up the struggles, perils
and privations of the pioneers much better than I. Yet I know that it took
young men and women of brain and brawn, of courage and determination to
risk the outlook of labor and trial incident to the opening and clearing up of a
new country. Hardships and pleasures were intimately mixed in the experiences of the pioneer. A young friend of mine, George W. Ladd, who had
taught the first school at Elk Rapids and later had taken up a "forty," wrote
me as follows: "This evening finds me here in my little cabin which overlooks Elk lake as it spreads its silver sheet of unrivaled beauty before me.
Darkness is shutting in the scene, a huge pile of logs is on fire which affords
novel music to my ear and sends gleams of light upon the giant trunks of the
surrounding trees, while the shrill voice of the loon is loudly borne on the cool
night air. A candle affords me a light while I attempt to trace out and follow
the nice little blue lines on the white paper."
It might seem a hardship but it was a pleasure to wade through the snow
and tackle those lofty beech and maple trees until they came crashing down,
then chip into them and split off a slab, repeat the process until they had their
winter's supply of fuel. It was a pleasure to go to sleep to the song of the
whip-poor-will, and rise in the morning to the music of the robin.  It was a
pleasure to make up a sleigh load of neighbors, go to some sugar camp and fill
up on wax and hot sugar.
The weekly mail was sometimes stretched out to three and four weeks.
It came by way of Mackinaw. In winter over the trail. In summer by sail
vessel. We used to go up to "Look-out" where we could see way down the
bay and watch with intense interest the coming in sight of the little schooner.
With joy we hailed the coming sail
As round the point with speed
The "Yankee" or the "Wah-bi-zee"
Were striving for the lead,
The "Madeline" and "Arrow" too,
Would gladly greet our eyes
As weekly trips from Mackinaw
They brought us our supplies.
0, blessed are the memories
Before our vision flow
Of the days when we were pioneers
Sixty years ago.
The Indians were our fellow men
Ahgosa was their chief
And prominent to our memory
Come names to our relief;
Of Ah-ka, Ke-sis, Ke-wa-din,
Sah-gun and Ge-ganse,
Ke-wa-be-skum, Kah-bo-ne-ka,
Pe-na-she-ge-zhik, Anse.
0, these were faithful friends of yore,
No Indian was our foe
In the days when we were pioneers,
Sixty years ago.




GRAND       TRAVERSE          REGION                 2T
Our early life was glad and free
Yet dangers closed us round,
But here among the grand old trees
Freedom we sought and found;
Oft through our dwellings wintry blasts
Would rush with shriek and moan
We cared not, they were rude but scrong
And then they were our own.
0, free and sturdy lives we led
Mid verdure or mid snow
In the days when we were pioneers,
Sixty years ago.
But now our course of life is short
And as from day to day,
We're walking on with halting step
And pausing by the way
Another land more bright than this
To our dim sight appears,
And on our way to it, we'll soon
Again be pioneers.
And while we linger we may all
A backward glance still throw
To the days when we were pioneers,
Sixty years ago.
The second early poem, "Our Bay," was written at Elk Rapids by S. E.
Wait and appeared in the Grand Traverse Herald April 8, 1859.
OUR BAY
Would you view a scene that's lovely,
Waters deep and crystal clear;
Would you see a varied landscape,
Water foreground, forests near,
Hills and valleys in the distance
Mingling with the ether gray;
If you would behold such scenery
Gaze upon our beauteous Bay.
Birds have sung of bay of Venice
Teeming with its gondoliers,
Sending forth their evening music
To some fair one's list'ning ears;
Lake Geneva 'mid the mountains,
Bay of Biscay, seaman's dread,
But, as yet, our Bay remaineth
Quite unsung, almost unread.
Here we see the native Indian
Gliding in his light canoe,
And the lofty bearing vessel
Coming gallantly in view,
Bringing foreign products to us,
Taking our produce away,
And oft we see the noble steamer
Cleave the waters of our Bay.




24


OLD SETTLERS OF THE


The varied shores are oft indented
With harbors, spacious and secure;
While villages are rising near them
With energy that will endure.
We see the forest fast receding
In various spots along the shore
The farmer's house and barn are standing
Where Indian wigwams stood before.
Here the Elk and Boardman rivers,
(Scarce existed streams more clear)
Smoothly glide along unheeding
The large saw mills standing near
Sending forth dolorous music
Made by wheels and saws, and cranks,
Forming lumber for the market
From the stately forest ranks.
Look from shore upon the waters
When they're raging, capped with white,
As the gale sweeps from the northward,
Awakening the water sprite;
See the close reefed vessel, ploughing
Through the billowy, raging foam,
Steering for some pleasant harbor
As an exile to his home.
And again in autumn evening
When calmness reigns upon its breast
And the sun's bright rays are gleaming
From the portals of the west
Coloring the distant tree tops
With brilliant tints of golden sheen,
And the etherial blue appeareth
Free from clouds or fog, serene.
Beauteous Bay! thy scenes are lovely,
Indeed they are a charming sight,
When we view thee in the daytime,
Or when moon adorns the night;
When thy waves are loudly roaring,
Breaking on the steadfast shore,
Or when calmness reigns upon thee
And thy waves have ceased to roar.
THE PIONEER WOMAN'S PART
By Minnie Wait Nicholson
Side by side with man's noble achievement down through the past years
of progress went an influence quiet, yet forceful and lasting. It was Woman's
Part, often a share that has achieved wonderful results, for the active work of
man has been supplemented by a touch that meant encouragement in dark days,
sympathy in days of hope and joy in days of realization. Possibly woman's
work seemed to a casual observer a round of homely duties. In part this is
true, yet these were but an integral part of her full life. The wives of our




GRAND  TRAVERS E  R E GION


pioneers were without exception women of resource and community workers
of rare worth and lived lives of cheerfulness and courage during the early
years of labor and privation. I could mention them by the score in our own
community and in your own community you recall the names of those who
may be but names to you perhaps, yet those blessed lives were lived for others
and are indelible on the pages of pioneer history.
Then there came an innate longing for something outside the narrow
routine, a something that tended toward mental culture. Thus libraries and
study clubs were formed. In our early village life it meant the birth of the
Ladies' Library Association, which dates back to 1869, when eight women
came at the call of Mrs. Morgan Bates, a woman of force and character, the
wife of the Lieutenant Governor of Michigan.  She was a woman of all others
to organize and carry out such an enterprise, a woman who to abundant means
and leisure added a vigorous will, courage that was never daunted and a
patience that never tried. She was ready for any emergency. On one occasion a huge squash, weighing one hundred pounds, that had taken a prize at
the Agricultural fair that fall was given to some one and as a joke was passed
on to the Ladies' Library Association.
The spirit of Mrs. Morgan Bates was equal to the occasion and she
accepted it with a profusion of thanks and immediately made it up into an
enormous quantity of squash pies, called a squash pie social at her home and
netted the society an even twenty dollars.
That year 1871, the gross receipts were $400, the best the society knew
for some years, for the next year Mrs. Morgan Bates died and her helpers
unused to the work almost gave up, some thought there was no use, but a few
brave souls said, "No, we will not give up, we will do our best and make the
association the success she would have made it." It was uphill work but they
succeeded and now have a beautiful brick building of their own with about 200
members and nearly four thousand books.
In the early church life as well as today the pastors' wives have taken an
active part in almost every phase of church work. We read of Mrs. Steele,
wife of Rev. S. Steele of Northport, starting the first Sunday School with
forty pupils; that school has continued to the present time; also that she supplied the pulpit very acceptably when Mr. Steele was away. I was asking
some one about Mrs. R. Hatch, wife of one of our first pastors. "Oh, she was
a lovely woman," was the response. "What did she do?" I asked. "What
didn't she do in those early days?" was the enthusiastic reply. That was
tribute enough, and so it is with many more.
The first Sunday School in Traverse City was begun in June, 1853, in the
little log school house. It was under the supervision of Mr. Scofield assisted
by Mrs. Dr. Goodale. Mr. Lay encouraged the enterprise by his presence and
approval, and Miss Scofield, afterward Mrs. John Black, usually came with her
brother, though the teaching was done by Mr. Scofield and Mrs. Goodale.
There was no necessity for a numerous corps of teachers, as there were only
eight pupils in the school. There were no Sunday School books or papers or
singing books-nothing but the bible. It is related that on one occasion the
four persons assembled at the school house and waited for the children who
failed to appear. At length Mrs. Goodale proposed that her companions
should wait while she go out and look for them.  She found them not
far off picking and eating huckleberries, their hands and faces all stained with
the purple juice, in which condition she managed to gather them into the school
house. On questioning the children as to what their parents knew of their
doings, it come out that the latter had gone for a boat ride. At the approach
of cold weather the Sunday School was closed. It was not reopened the next
season on account of the absence that summer of Mr. Lay and Mr. Scofield,




26


OLD SETTLER S OF THE


Sometime afterwards Mr. Lay's mother sent eighty volumes of Sunday School
books to Traverse City.
During my term of fourteen years as secretary of our school I have
watched the changes, seen the advancement and become acquainted with the
noble band of teachers, many from the public school who have given the
precious Sunday hour of rest to the young life in which their interest centers.
REMINISCENCES OF GRAND TRAVERSE REGION
By Mrs. MJartha Gray
Grand Traverse region was once holy ground. It was here the Great
Manitou came down to meet and bless His children. In those shadowy dells
from many a dark bosom went up a fervent prayer to the Great Spirit who had
not written His laws for them on the tables of stone, but had traced them on
the tables of their hearts. Here on Grand Traverse Bay occurred the awful
struggle between Manabooza, the good, and his bad brother, the evil one.
Manabooza was born of a virgin who descended from heaven and alighted on
an island, perhaps one of the Manitous. Her name was too holy to be mentioned, she was simply called the "Woman" by the people. The Midas, (the
priests,) only knew her name. She had two sons. Her second son was a
mischevious spirit and sowed the evil seeds of sorrow and trouble which
sprang up in the path of the people. He was finally overcome and destroyed
by Manabooza the good, to the great satisfaction of the Indians. The flint
rocks on the east shore (of Grand Traverse Bay are the remains of this evil
spirit. There are many legends of Manabooza and his struggle with the
powers of darkness personified in some visible form. In a conflict with the
evil one in the form of a fish, Manabooza was swallowed and his canoe at the
same time. But he, nothing daunted took his stone hammer from the canoe
and pounded on the heart of the great fish which threw the fish into terrible
agony and he began to make violent contortions as though he would dislodge
the enemy he had swsllowed. Then Manabooza fearing he would be thrown
into the water or drowned stopped up the throat of the fish with his canoe, and
kept on pounding on the heart of the evil one. After a period of silence and
darkness, light began to shine in and Manabooza found himself on the beach
and sea gulls were picking the flesh from the dead fish to liberate him. When
the sea serpent became envious of Manabooza he brought on a flood and
drowned all living things, and the great Manitou creation was destroyed.
Manabooza escaped by fleeing to the highest hill and climbing a tree which he
was obliged to make grow four times to keep above the water. When the
flood subsided Manabooza repeopled the earth by sticking arrows in the
ground. His symbol was the white rabbit. The grave of this wonderful man
is here in Northern Michigan on North Point near Alpena or Thunder Bay.
Grand Traverse means a long, long way round and it must have seemed a
long way to the first people who came over the Great Lakes and threaded the
pathless wilderness guided only by chart and compass, sleeping under the
everlasting stars, with giant trees for canopy while the hemlock and pine
boughs furnished a soft couch whose sweet odors soothed their weary senses
and refreshed them for toilsome onward march still farther from civilization.
Sleeping Bear Point is on the west shore of Leelanau County. It is a
huge mountain of pure white sand that has been accumulating on that point
through centuries washed up by the rsstless waves of Lake Michigan and
thrown upon the beach, where the winds, in turn have caught and carried it
forward. It is always moving, always growing for the forces that create it are




GRAND  TRAVERSE  REGION


27


ever in motion. Sleeping Bear was caught and imprisoned within his clasp,
the giant monarchs of the forest that grew along his path. Their tops peer
from the summit or along the sides at passerby as though in mute appeal for
liberation. But they will never be released for Old Sleeping Bear has lain
under the spell of an enchanter for centuries and will never awaken until some
throes of nature arouse him from his sleeping place beside the blue water.
In 1863 Northern Michigan was thrown into the market through the homestead law and from that time on its future was assured. Men began flocking
into the region and upon the close of the war nearly every quarter section was
taken, many of them by the "boys in blue," and my father, Elijah Stata, was
one who fought and found, for a time, a home in the wilderness. He was a
born pioneer. His people left Holland at the close of the Spanish wars,
crossed the Atlantic and settled in New Amsterdam. A generation or two
later they left New York and migrated up the Mohawk Valley. In another
generation or two, the country of the Mohawk becoming too settled, they
moved again, this time into Canada. Still restless and roving my father's
generation started out, each taking a different direction.  My father came into
Michigan and owned a farm at Grand Ledge in an early day. He returned and
made his home in New York for a time and there married my mother. Her
parents had transmitted to their posterity the same roving inclination. They
came from England, settled in Massachusetts and belonged to the Colburns,
the Stowells and the Winchesters.  Her grandfather was a paymaster in the
Revolutionary War. They belonged to the stirring times when men were
willing to lav down their lives for a good principle, to be sacrificed on the altar
of the country they had chosen for the sake of freedom.
My father served through the civil war and at the close went south to seek
his fortune in the land that had been devastated by the War God. He found a
more subtle foe lurking in the mud-beds of the Missouri River flats than ever
lay in ambush or was met on the battle field. He buried a part of his family
who had fallen victims to Asiatic Cholera and returned North the same year.
On arriving at Chicago we took passage for Ogdensburgh and on that same
steamer met a man named Johnson who was returning to Glen Arbor, having
been outside to purchase supplies. He told father such glowing stories of the
wealth of the wild, new country, the timber, the land for nothing, the ease in
which one could become a well-to-do man that father would gladly have ended
the journey at Glen Arbor but our mother would not. The next spring father
returned and worked all summer for John Dorsey making fish barrels.  White
fish were abundant in Lake Michigan at that time in 1868. That autumn my
father returned east and moved his family into Grand Traverse region. We
children were delighted and happy that the change was to be made; for we like
all children thought a new country and new people would bring us many things
and we were not disappointed though the things brought were not expected.
One sunny day in September, the Oswegatche of the Western Transportation line, Capt. Rossman in command, landed us safely on the little dock at
Glen Arbor. The only business the boat had at that dock was to take on wood
and leave us, together with another family. Glen Arbor was like many other
things one sees on maps, a name only. A dreary stretch of pure white sand, a
few cabins completely hidden by small oak and pine trees, a hotel and no
guests, a small general store owned by the Northern Transportation line, and
a postoffice kept by George Ray in his home, completed the whole. Here we
began to hear the term "outside." Anyone not living here lived "outside."
Father decided we must get the things together again and finish our
journey and be in the new home before winter would be upon us. We had
been stopping in Glen Arbor until mother was strong enough to take the
journey of twenty-five miles to the farm that father had chosen. One beautiful
morning the wagons were again brought to the door and loaded and I took my




28


OLD SETTLERS OF' THE


seat by my father's side, my brother Seth rode with the man who drove the
other team, and we began that toilsome journey.  The country was rough and
hill upon hill rose before us. The patient horses kept climbing higher and
higher. When we had gone ten miles we came to the crest of the hills that
formed the background to Glen Arbor, and here we stopped to rest and feed
our horses and eat our lunch. From here, the view was magnificent. Stretching away over miles and miles the country and great lakes lay before us and
at the foot of the hills lay an inland lake nine miles across which was called
Glen Lake. It was only one-half mile from Lake Michigan and men had
planned to open a channel so that vessels could seek a safe harbor there from
storms that were frequently occurring on the great lake. Away over Lake
Michigan we could see the great Manitous so far away that they could be seen
only on a clear day. And to the northward lay old "Sleeping Bear." It was
late in the day when we came to a place where father stopped the horses.
"Now," said he, "it is only two and one-half miles home and you two will run
through the woods and get there much sooner than we can by the wagon road.
Seth, be sure and follow the blazed trees and do not lose the trail, for if you
do, you will perish in the woods." Father had six miles to make by road so
Seth took my hand and we started on the trail.
Just as night fall was upon us, we emerged from the forest into a tiny
clearing and Seth said, "This is home." There was a pond, a tiny dark pool,
the forest leaves lying deep to the water's edge. Across the pond stood a log
cabin and at the end of the pond another log cabin, and still another log building stood on a hill, the strangest looking building I had ever seen, just a
square tower whose top was surmounted by a shaft with four great arms outspread. The solemn stillness of everything had begun to impress me and we
were thankful that we were to have neighbors at least, for a family lived in a
house at the end of the lake, and at the other was to be our future home. We
crossed to the cabin. Seth lifted the wooden latch and we entered. The old
man whom we had met the year before and through whose influence we had
been brought to our present condition came in in the evening.  It was his son
who lived in the same clearing and was to be our neighbor. His name was
Lije Johnson and his wife's name was "Marthy."  "Lije" and "Marthy" it
was from the beginning. Everyone was called by his first name. Older men
were called "Old Men." The "Old Man" had married a second woman and
she had left him and gone to her relatives "outside." He was going in the
spring. Father had bought out the old man's improvement and that was how
we had even this small beginning in the wilderness.
It was the first day of November when mother arrived and not a day too
soon for the second day the snow began to fall gently, silently, without any
warning whatever. It snowed fifty-one days, then the sun shone out one day
only, then the snow began again as it had done it the beginning, never any
effort, never any noise, no sign of storm, no wind, no roar, no rush, just
gently, silently fell; and mother sat in the cabin and wept all the time. We
children did not run out to play for there was no place to play, nothing to play
with and we could only stand by the two little windows and watch the snow
fall and wonder if spring would ever come and it was not Christmas yet, that
joyous time for children, a time lost to us now, and worst of all we had no
books.
It was about Christmas time that mother decided to let Seth, now a
healthy boy of seventeen, go to Glen Arbor to work. The men were on the
trail coming and going every week and the trail being through our clearing
they were sure to stop both ways and tell stories. Father was a genial man
and enjoyed seeing them, and mother's bread was good and the men were sure
to get some thick slices if they were coming in from Glen Arbor. The walk
of twenty-five miles was enough to sharpen any man's appetite. We had an




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


29


abundance of food for the first year and mother dispensed it with a generous
hand and the men were sure to stop. These men seeing Seth, a, robust,
rollicking youth just springing into manhood thought he would enliven the
camp and they persuaded mother to let him go. He could earn some clothing
and his living, at least, and that would be of future use. The men declared he
would have work for good and earnest by another winter and the present work
would initiate him.
Seth's bundle was made ready and on Monday in company with three men
he started over the trail. In coming and going they always had a company of
three or more and walked single file.  The first breaking the path for the rest,
always with his eyes on the blazed trees. When he became weary he fell out
and dropped behind and the next man took the lead, and so on. Seth being
the boy, fell in the rear and the path was a blessing, considering the heavy
bundle, his youth and the twenty-five miles.
By the first of February the snow was so deep all traveling was done on
snow shoes and the men came over the trail carrying as much provision as
they were able to "back" home.  Money was not to be had in large quantities
at Glen Arbor and if they had received all money, supplies were not nearer to
them than Traverse City or Glen Arbor. Everything at Glen Arbor was under
the control of the Northern Transportation Company and good serviceable
clothing and common staples could be obtained in exchange for work performed. But prices were high at the close of that awful Civil War, tea two
dollars a pound; pork and sugar twenty-five cents a pound; flour eighteen
dollars a barrel, and after the men had chopped cord wood to earn the necessities of life, and then carried them home on their backs twenty-five miles they
thought that they were doubly earned and that they had paid a high price
tor them.
In the month of March the men came home to make maple sugar and Seth
came too, and doing as the rest did, he brought all he could carry. and that was
a large piece of salt pork. He had earned his living, some good stout clothes
and had had enough left to purchase the pork.  He had cut a hole through the
tough rind, fastened a stout string to it and was draging it through the snow
behind him. The cord wood camps were broken up. The men had come
home. The sun shone out once more and when the days grew a little warmer
the maple sap began to run up the trees and the sugar-making was on.
There was another strange thing in this new country that same spring
worth recording. The people had told us of the pigeons and -how they came
there every year to nest, and that they killed them for food. They had even
gone into their nesting places and taken the squabs by the sackful and told
what fine eating they were. We had thought that these stories might have
some truth but were not prepared for the deluge that came upon us.  As soon
as the buds began to swell and weather to grow warm they came by the
millions. I have seen flocks fly so low and so thick that Seth atctually'knocked
them down with a stick. We finally did not try to shoot them-it was a waste
of powder and shot. Once Seth killed nineteen at a single shot by firing into
a flock that were flying through the clearing. So we put up the gun and set
some traps by the little pond where they came down to drink and caught all we
could use. They nested just a few miles from where we were located and Seth
and I went to see them at home. Their homes were simplicity its-elf-a-few
sticks laid on a tiny crotch of a tree-that was all and the trees were literally
full of them. How the queer nests ever held the eggs and kept them from
falling to the ground is a mystery.;??
The beech trees were the only nut bearing ones in the country:and they
bore abundantly. That was one reason why the pigeons came.: An-other
reason was the solitude which they like for their brooding and food:forr:their




30             OLD     S E T    T1, E RS  OF   THE
young. Some of the pigeons always lingered through the summer as though
they were watching nature to see if food would be forthcoming another year.
The first summer wore away as it had begun. There was nothing when it
opened and there was nothing at its close-a few nubbins of corn, some
potatoes, only a little money left and starvation seemed near. We had seen
nothing but work with no results. Father was hopeful and would say, "The
country is new and all will come right in time." One thing was sure, we could
make arrangements and another season see how large a crop of maple sugar
we could gather. The nubbins of corn were carefully gathered and carefully
housed in the loft, the potatoes were stored in a deep hole under the floor,
more corn was purchased-we must live on that now-and we got ready for
when that awful snow was on and no one could get in or out. In the early fall
father and Seth went to Lime Lake, a mile from us, and cut down some pine
trees, sawed them into bolts, the proper length for sap buckets and piled them
ready to be hauled home when the snow came. There was so little money left
that it was decided that Seth should go to Glen Arbor the first thing in the fall
and work all winter. It might be necessary to use his wages to keep the wolf
away from the door and his clothes were made ready for his departure. We
began to understand something of how we must proceed in order to keep soul
and body together. The soul might shrivel until scarcely an atom of the
Divine be left and the body grow gaunt and ugly for want of nourishment, yet
they would cling together.
The summer had ended; we had worked, hoped and were not rewarded by
any results from toil. We had heard from the old home once or twice. The
nearest postoffice was six miles away. The mail was brought irregularly on
the back of an Indian. When I was sent to get any mail that had come, I went
with two or three other girls and it took a whole day. But there was one
advantage in that, we had to stop and rest and we were sure to stop at some
cabin and thus get acquainted with the people. The first time I met my
mother-in-law, was on my first trip to the postoffice. I saw her a good many
times after that, for when I married I lived among my husband's people for
twenty-one years and we got pretty well acquainted.
We were less prepared for the second winter. Father and I went over a
mile to Lime Lake and brought home on a hand sleigh pine bolts which he
split with a fro and made into staves for sap buckets. Our cabin was turned
into a cooper shop and only on Sundays the house being specially cleared up
had any semblance of a home. By this method we kept track of Sundays.
Father made hundreds of buckets to gather the sap and tubs to hold the syrup
which was strained through heavy woolen bags to eliminate the lime. He also
made an iron pan in which to boil down the sap. These pans had sides of
wood and were placed over arches which contained the fire. We made many
hundred pounds of fine maple sugar. Food was scarce and the best mother
could do was to contrive new methods of preparing the corn which was our
only dependence. Seth worked at Glen Arbor and at long intervals came with
tea and pork.
Father took the sugar with an ox team to Glen Arbor where it was shipped
to a rich uncle of mother's in Detroit and sold to good advantage. With the
money he bought a horse and wagon and many things needed.  Our aunt sent
a barrel of clothing and no present, past or future, can ever again be so
acceptable.
Our sister Sarah who had been left in New Youk state came in July, and
it August another sister was added to our family.
Dr. Wilson was our physician coming to us from Kasson township, Leelanau county. He was an excellent doctor and fine scholar, teaching school
during the winters. He was to send us some medicine and I was sent on
horseback to get it. On my return about a mile from home I met a big black




GRAN4D TRAV ARS E RV, GION


bear which frightened me beyond measure. I screamed in my fright when the
bear turned, looked at me and scampered off into the woods. I never saw but
one after that and he ran one way as fast as I ran the other.
We missed Seth who was at work fifty miles away at a man's full wages,
and we also missed the tea and pork he brought on his visits. Mother could
only spare one slice of pork for a meal using the drippings to season the water
gravy for the potatoes and corn bread.
Our sugar was sold in Frankfort and supplied only a few of our many
necessities. That summer we found red raspberries and blackberries in
abundance. The crops were very poor, a little buckwheat, corn, potatoes and
"baggas." We killed our first pig. In our nine years stay on the place we
never owned a cow.
The choice of a location for a county seat was submitted to a vote of the
electors in that early day but it was not an easy matter to settle on a permanent' location. Frankfort and Benzonia contested the right of ownership for
more than forty years and the county seat went like a will-of-the-wisp backward and forward from one place to another time and again. The newspapers
of the early day, The Banner of Benzonia and the Express of firankfort in long
elaborately wrought columns vented their spleen in vituperation of the successful party. Perhaps the people of Benzonia would be peacefully going about
their daily avocation or sleeping quietly in their beds, never guessing anything
out of the ordinary when the summons would come for some of them to appear
at the next term of Circuit Court which would be held at the county seat at
Frankfort. Then they would awaken to the fact that the county seat had literally taken legs and walked off-but it did not remain off for long, for the same
mode of procedure would be used in reclaiming the stolen property. Finally
Frankfort won out and for several years the county seat was fixed at that
place, the discarded school building being used as a court house. People
seemed afraid to invest money in a county building when the counts seat was
so insecure and liable to flit at any moment. In 1905, after more than forty
years of contention the matter of a permanent location was again submitted to
the voters and Honor, a new town on the Platte river near the center of the
county secured the coveted prize.
In 1864 a Mr. Beswick built the first saw mill in the interior of Grand
Traverse region. It was built on a little stream that emptied into Lake Ann
and is known as Ransom Creek. This mill had one muley saw whose running
capacity would cut one thousand feet of lumber in a day. In 1866 the mill fell
into the hands of the Ransom's, father and son, who built on the same stream
in 1869 a gristmill with one run of stones and capacity of grinding five bushels
of grain in an hour. Mr. Ransom's mill was kept busy. People came from
Glen Arbor, Homestead, Platte, and all over the country.
In this same year the Hannah, Lay Co. built their first gristmill at
Traverse City and Mr. Hubbell built one at Benzonia. At Traverse City there
was an excellent water power. Mr. Hubbell's mill had an over-shot well and a
little shute carried the water over the wheel and the power was the one great
difficulty but in time that was overcome and a better mill did service for
the people.
George Yonkers was the first regular minister sent upon our charge.  He
was a very simple, unpretentious man having but little education or executive
ability but he had a firm faith in religion as a power to save and he taught the
best he could. His teaching was a simple repetition of the old Bible tales.
One Sunday it would be Noah and the Ark, another Elijah and the raven, or
Adam and Eve in the garden. He extorted the promise from us one New
Year's eve that we would read the Bible through the coming year. Ten
chapters on Sunday and three every day in the week would finish the entire
book. It was many years before the dancing parties were re-established,




32


OLD' SETTLERS  OF T  E


The winter I was sixteen years old it was the worst winter of my life so
far as food and clothing were concerned. If we could get two new print
dresses during the year, we thought we were well clothed and one summer
mother and I had one pair of shoes between us. It is safe to say they were
worn only on rare occasions. The next summer after I was sixteen years old
I attended a Sunday school several miles from our house, the first since coming
into this new country. There would be the same singing and praying we
heard at all the meetings and the teaching consisted of our repeating as many
verses from the Bible as we had learned through the week. I have, and have
always had a remarkable memory, and that summer I committed the four
Gospels to memory and would repeat to the young man who did not teach, just
listened to us recite, as many as two hundred verses at a session. It was the
same young man who had put the wishbone over the door. He must have
been struck with this peculiar mental power and fell in love with me. I
returned the afdection and the winter I was seventeen years old I was married.
He owned eighty acres of timber land and so far as finances were concerned,
nothing else. But he worked in Glen Arbor most of the time and earned food
and clothing and some money. He had no home to take me to and I was to
stay on with mother. I was fed and clothed and sometimes my good husband
brought clothes for mother too. In May when the little eleven-months-old
baby sister died it was buried in a little coffin made by some kind-hearted man,
a few neighbors gathered, a prayer was said, a hymn sung, some tears shed
and the baby taken two miles away and laid to rest. People had begun to die
in this new country and a little cemetery was started and already several graves
gave evidence that one thing, the great Inevitable, could not be put off.
The summer after we were married my husband chopped and cleared
about one acre and built a tiny log dwelling on our eighty acres of land.
When one and a half years had passed we went there to live. We were a half
mile from water but were on level ground. I was now in my nineteenth year
-happy in the love of my husband. I had married the finest youth in the
country and our little dwelling was the best furnished for miles around. We
had six rush bottom chairs, one walnut table, a cottage bedstead, a cook stove,
two trunks, one rocking chair and some dishes, a few simple things to work
with and enough bedding for one bed. Everything was new and at that time
and in that place it had cost a large sum of money. I shall never forget the
anguish I experienced over the first thing broken. We had a large lamp, the
bottom of which got loose one day when I was washing it and the bottom fell
out and struck the stove and broke all to pieces. I cried all day. There was
a woman living a mile from me who listened to all sorrow and gave Christian
advice and this being my first loss I went to her. She had lately come into
the country and knew nothing of the privations of the people, that would come
later. When she saw me she thought some awful calamity had befallen me,
and really there had for the nearest lamp was twenty-five miles away.  I told
her my trouble, and she looked strangely at me and said, "You foolish child!
Crying for a broken lamp bottom!  You will cry for bigger things some day!"
and going to a box she took out a lamp bottom prettier than the one I had
broken and putting it into my hands said, "There, take that and stop your
foolish tears, and then she took some plaster of paris and showed me how to
repair the damage done.
Father had made me a very large rain water tub, it held several barrels
and this was the only well we had for several years. It would be filled with
snow 'in the spring and a good tight cover kept the water 'clean and with the
rain water we could catch we were usually supplied. My husband had a neck
yoke and buckets and sometimes he carried the water from a pond a half a
mile away. When my husband chopped the trees down he left a little clump
of maple saplings at one end and side of our dwelling and this gave the place




GRAND  TRAVERS E   REGION


33


a picturesque appearance and the very first spring we went there two robins
came and set up housekeeping in the young trees. I fed the birds and watched
over their domestic plans and mode of life and we called them "Our Birds."
In 1869, George Aylsworth moved his cord wood enterprise from the
Manitou Island and established himself on the mainland at the point now called
Empire. This opened a way for work to be obtained nearer than Glen Arbor
or Frankfort. The blast furnace at Frankfort used thousands of cords of hard
wood in their coal kilns and many men from our section spent a part of the
winter working at that point.  But it was much more difficult to get to Frankfort in the winter than to any other point where work could be obtained. They
usually had to make a wide detour and go by way of Inland Township making
the distance nearly forty miles. The snow was almost impassable and many
settlers along the route would not see a traveler only on snow shoes during the
entire winter.
No sooner had the country been opened up so that it was possible to get
in and out with a wagon and work had been provided so that some money
could be obtained, the settlers turned their attention to the founding of schools.
The first schoolhouses were rude log huts sometimes right in the woods. The
first teachers were often beginners and the instruction of the simplest kind.
But all this was a beginning and in a few years the young people from Benzonia College began to take schools and by their higher mental development
stimulated many of the young girls of the section to attend the higher school
at Benzonia and fit themselves for teaching. In time the schools of Grand
Traverse region were noted for their efficient instructors.
It was a happy day when we knew the great outside world was connected
with us by a regular mail route. Sometimes it was difficult to keep the mail
moving in the winter time, but men turned out with oxen and horses too and
helped open the way. Now when the mail route was established there was
always a road of some kind in the winter to Traverse City.
Traverse.City was beginning to have a great influence in the country for a
railroad from the outside world was gradually coming that way and in December, 1872, reached its destination, bringing a wave ot immigration that was to
influence the country for a time, in many ways. The coming of the railroad
brought great changes to the country.
Many of the early settlers left the country and all was changed. Matt
Burnett purchased land from the government, made a large clearing, planted a
fine orchard and put up good buildings. After seven years of solitude his wife
persuaded him to move, which he did with only an accumulation of six
hundred dollars.
Mr. Hoxie mortgaged his land and started a store at Almira. At the end
of five years he closed his business and buying a small piece of land again
began all over. Two others tried the store and failed and numerous other
instances could be cited. When my father had been nine years on his land he
gave eighty acres to my brother Seth, mortgaged the remaining eighty for two
hundred and fifty dollars and left the country in 1876. To my knowledge no
one has since occupied his land.
My brother Seth was married in 1880 and had one son and two daughters.
It had been an unusually severe winter the snow lying six feet on the level
aud all the roads were blocked. Seth started out to hunt a deer. While trying
to climb over a fallen log he dropped his gun which in some way went off sending the charge through his hand. He was miles from home but guided by his
compass he made his way to a man who had some medical skill. His rude
surgery only made matters worse so my brother went to Traverse City twentyfive miles away where a doctor dressed the wound but used no anesthetics.
His children playing on his lap absorbed the poison and all three died with
malignant black diphtheria. Although my brother seemed to improve he




34


OLD  SETT LERS  OF  THE


never recovered and that fall conltracted a cold which ended his life after ten
days suffering.
Grand Traverse County is recovering from the desolation of denuded
forests with just enough material left to feed the demons of forest fires.  It is
surely coming into its own with the promising products of potatoes, vegetables
and fruits.
Too late to save any of the original forests the great State of Michigan is
attempting to aid nature in the restoration of the lost wealth of trees which so
often were wasted, not utilized. Here again man thwarts the purpose by his
carelessness or greed. I could relate personal incidents of where thoughtless
acts started fires which wiped out the work of years and hopes for future
sustenance.
Leelanau's German settlement has done much for the country.  The
second crop of trees has been harvested in the county but whether wisely or
not time will show. Persons searching for homes have traversed the west and
south and returned to settle in the Grand Traverse region.
SCHOOL ON THE MADELINE
S. E. Wait Writes of the Time when He Taught Aboard the "Madeline"
"In November, 1851, five young men arrived at old Miss:on on the
schooner "Madeline," with the intention of wintering in the vicinity. Three of
them were brothers, named Fitzgerald. William, captain of the 'Madeline,'
engaged in the fishing trade between the North shore and Mackinaw Island;
THE "MADELINE"
Michael, captain of the schooner 'Arrow,' which made weekly trips between
Mackinaw Island and Old Mission, and John, a young brother. The fourth
was a friend of the Fitzgeralds, named William Bryce.  The fifth was Edward
Chambers, who was employed as cook.  They were all good seamen but were
deficient in education. An eager desire to learn was the occasion of their
coming.  Here in the wilderness they would be removed from the allurements
that might distract the attention in a populous part. It is probable also that




G RAN D  TRAVER S  k EGION


diffidence arising from a consciousness of their own deficiences made them
unwilling to enter public school where their limited attainments would be
displayed in painful contrast with those of younger pupils.
"At Old Mission, S. E. Wait, seventeen years of age, was engaged as
teacher at $20 per month and board. Bryce and the Fitzgeralds were to pay the
bill, the cook receiving his tuition in compensation for his services. The after
hold was partitioned off for a kitchen, a sash placed at an angle of forty-five
degrees over the after hatch furnished the light. A door was cut through to
the cabin which was to be used as the school room. A blackboard was
installed. The winter's provisions had been provided at Mackinaw, and when
all was in readiness, the 'Madeline' was brougnt around to what has since been
named Bowers Harbor and securely anchored for the winter. Regular hours
of study were observed, and the men voluntarily submitted to strict school
discipline. Spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic were the studies best
suited to their needs. The evenings were taken up with blackboard exercises.
At the end of each month a $20 gold piece was handed to the teacher.
"Out of school hours they had plenty of exercise in cutting wood and
bringing it on board to say nothing of the recreation of snowballing in which
they sometimes engaged with the delight of genuine schoolboys.
"The bay did not freeze over till March. Previous to the freezing, the
wood was brought on board in the yawl; afterwards it was carried over the ice.
"There was no nearer neighbor than at Old Mission, and it would have
been an interesting sight to have seen them start out single file on the Indian
trail on their occasional visits six miles distant to Old Mission.
"In the breaking up of the Mormon kingdom on Beaver Island in 1856,
the inhabitants scattered all through this region and a small contingent landed
at the Harbor. Nicholas Bower, after whom the harbor was named; Royal
Tucker, who later taught a weekly singing school at Old Mission, and two or
three other families were the first settlers here.
"Of the after history of the boys, William Fitzgerald sailed a few seasons
and was later appointed as government inspector of hulls at Milwaukee.
Michael sailed the schooner 'Arrow' between Old Mission and Mackinaw
Island, followed the Great Lakes a few years and finally settled down on a
farm near Port Huron. John sailed a few years and later came into possession
of a shipyard in Milwaukee. William Bryce was lost track of.
"Some years ago a yachting party consisting of J. A. Montague, C. K.
Buck, H. D. Campbell and others of Traverse City, while cruising in Lake
Superior, came across Ed Chambers as light keeper at White Fish Point.
He later conducted a livery stable on Mackinaw Island, and I think the
Chambers livery is still extant by his successors. The teacher, after many
years of varied vicissitudes became a druggist in 1875, and is that still in 1918 "


FIRST UNION STREET BRIDGE


FRONT STIRT lEET 1865




36


OLD SETTLRS     0 o  T H




TRAVERSE CITY SCHOOLS
The first school established at the "Head of the Bay," We-que-tong being
the Indian name, afterward Traverse City, was in 1863 in an abandoned log
building which had been built by John B. Spencer and used by him for a stable
while getting out logs and timber in the winter of 1851 and 52. It stood in a
wild locality some distance from the main part of the settlement-what would
now be corner Front and Wellington streets. Under the supervision of Mr.
A. T. Lay the house was repaired and furnished with such appliances as circumstances would admit of. The door was on the west side with a small
window near it, and another on the east side of the room. A stove stood in
the middle and teacher's desk near the west window. The floor was loose and
open, and one occasion teacher and girls gathered their skirts about them and
sprang upon the seats, as a snake with threatening looks and harmless intent
was seen leisurely coming up through one of the chinks.
The books were such as    the pupils happened to have.   Reading,
MISS HELEN R. GOODALE                 MRS. BELLE (HANNAH) AYERS
Teacher 1853-1854  -                     Teacher 1861
spelling, writing, arithmetic and geography were taught in the manner of the
times. The teacher was Miss Helen R. Goodale, afterward Mrs. Thos. A.
Hitchcock, daughter of Dr. D. C. Goodale who was postmaster and had charge
of Hannah, Lay and Co,'s large boarding house. Miss Helen lived with her
father's family tn the boarding house-her expenses being defrayed by patrons
of the school or assumed by Hannah, Lay & Co. according to contract.
On the direct route the teacher had to cross the river on the boom near the
sawmill on which the men at the mill were gallant enough to help her across.
The following is the list of pupils who attended this first school. George,
John, Thomas and Elizabeth Cutler, Almond and Ellen Rutherford, Augusta,
Clarissa and Lucius Smith, Elizabeth Whitney, Daniel, Alexander, James and




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


37


Jane Carmichael, Albert Norris and Agnes Goodale, sister of the teacher.
The next summer the school was increased by the addition of James, William,
John and Richard Garland, Melissa, Emma and Anna Rice, and Ruth Williams,
also later Helen, Olive, Lucinda, Edward and Charles Blakely and the Trotman
family of three children-Jane, Alfred and Belle.
After the close of the first term Miss Helen went to Chicago, where she
spent the winter in study. Returning in the spring she was again employed to


TRAVERSE CITY'S FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE


teach in the log school house at an advance of fifty cents a week on her
former wages.
In 1855 it was found "necessary to have a school house for district No. 1,"
and a sum of $200 was voted "to be applied on said building.' In 1856 $200,
and in 1857 $250 more. This building was one story, on the site now occupied
by the annex of Park Place hotel. In 1865 $800 was appropriated to repair the
school house and build an addition.
At the annual meeting in 1866 it was agitated to secure for school purposes the "park" which had been set aside by Hannah, Lay & Co. for a public
park-and bounded by State, Park and Washington streets and Boardman
avenue. As the town grew it was not deemed advisable to maintain it for the
purpose of a park and Hannah, Lay & Co. expressed a willingness to have the
plat vacated and used either for school building purposes or sold and the proceeds applied for school building purposes. Two buildings were later erected
on this plat. All these buildings were all occupied and as the town grew the
Broadfoot building on State street was used until at our adjourned meeting on
October 14, 1876, the committee consisting of J. G. Ramsdell, H. H. Steward,
C. R. Paige, J. W. Hilton and William Holdsworth, appointed to select site for




OLD  SET' I ERS  OF  THE


school buildings reported in favor of securing the block bounded by Wadsworth,
Pine, Seventh and Eighth streets. This block was secured by exchange for the
east side property and later a fine High School building was erected thereon,
this showing the process of evolution from the little log stable on the bay shore.
It is impossible to pursue the building operations to the present time, so
will switch off to the matter of later teachers. In the winter of 1853-54 Miss
Helen Gamon, who was visiting her sister Mrs. Dr. Charlie Holton here,
taught in the old Boardman boarding house located where what is now North
Division street just off Front street. Miss Helen Goodale again taught in
summer of 1854 in this boarding house. In the winter of 1854-55 the teacher
was Farwell Campbell, the old boarding house again being occupied by the
schools. In the winter of 1855-56 the teacher was a Prof. Enos in a part of


H I.RVEYtH. AN DERSON
Born June 1, 1846. Taught in Traverse City
Schools 1870.


PROF. LORIN ROBERTS
Pioneer of 1870. Principal of Traverse City
Schools from 1872 to 1881.


what was afterward known as Front Street House. In the winter of 1856-57
the teacher was Theron Bostwick in the new district school house, corner of
Park and State streets. The Summer term    of 1857 was taught by a young
lady from Old Mission. The winter term of 1859 and 60 was taught by Miss
Eugenia Steele, afterward Mrs. R. A. Campbell. The winter term of 1860-61
by Howard Bristol. Miss Belle Hannah, afterward Mrs. Ayers, taught in the
summer of 1861. The winter term    of 1861-62 was taught by Mr. Cushman.
Mrs Esther H. Day, afterward Mrs. Reuben Hatch, Jr., taught in summer of
1862. The winter term of 1862-63 by Gilbert Campbell. Miss Martha E.
Cram, afterward Mrs. Thos T. Bates, took the summer term of 1863. The
1863-64 winter term was taught by Emerson Smith. Miss Martha E. Cram
taught again in the summer of 1864. The winter term of 1864-65 was taught
by Rev. J. H. Crum. The summer of 1865 by Miss Haight. Winter of 1865-66




GRAND T R A V E R S  RE GION


39


by Miss Maud Quackenbush. The summer term of 1866 was taught by Richard
Hoffman. The two terms of 1866-67 and 1867-68 were taught by H. P. Blake,
1868-69 by S. G. Young. The terms of 1869-70 were taught by Albert Saylor,
succeeded by Hervey H. Anderson, brother of W. S. Anderson, and the terms
of 1870-71 by Prof. W. F. Saxton, who died before the expiration of the term,
and was succeeded by Miss Eleanor Griswold. The summer term of 1871 was
in charge of John Nixon.
In 1872 Prof. Lorin Roberts from Benzonia was elected superintendent
with Mrs Mary K. Buck as teacher in the primary and Mrs. Mary A. S.
Roberts in the intermediate. Mr. Roberts conducted the schools until his
resignation in 1880 to enter the practice of law.
In 1880 Prof. S. G. Burkhead was engaged, retiring in 1884 when Prof.
C. T. Grawn was engaged holding the position of superintendent until his
resignation in 1899. Later he took the superintendency of the State Normal
School at Mt. Pleasant. During his residence in Traverse City the schools
attained a high degree of excellency, being placed on the Ann Arbor list.
On Prof. Grawn's resignation, Principal C. H. Horn was appointed superintendent, he holding the position until 1902 when he resigned to accept a
chair at Grinnell University, Iowa, and Prof. I. B. Gilbert of St. Johns
succeeded to the position.
Prof. Gilbert held the position until in June, 1911, when Prof. L. L. Tyler was
appointed and held the position until on February 23, 1918, when he was
granted a year's absence to join the Y. M. (C. A. at the war front in France,
and was succeeded by Prof. Geo. H. Curtis. principal of the High School.
MEMORIES OF EARLY DAYS
lby Ada K. Sp; a.gue Pratt
I have been asked to tell something of society in Traverse City in the
early days. It would be difficult to tell of a thing which did not exist, and
there was certainly nothing which could have answered to that name. If there
were the "400" some of the dusky damsels of the wigwams and the braves of
the forests must have been included; but there were social conditions of which
I love to think, and of which I am not averse to speak.
To begin with I will tell that we all came from somewhere, none were
indigenous to the soil, none to the manor born; but we had been born elsewhere, and from choice or stress of fortune had found ourselves in a little
hamlet at the head of Grand Traverse bay, and, after the first bit of homesickness wore off we liked it-the hamlet and the bay and each other, which was
certainly very fortunate-but then you see we were a very good sort of people
-at least that was our estimate of each other, and so we proceeded to have
just as good a time as possible under the circumstances. We had plenty to eat
though the variety was decidedly limited, but that was all right for everybody
had, or could have the same things. Corned beef, salt pork and ifresh fish.
Once a week Hannah, Lay & Co. would have one of their old oken killed and
everybody would buy a piece and that would stay by us sometime. For
several years we had only cove oysters and when the stage route was established we could occasionally get fresh ones, but we indulged sparingly for fear
of spoiling our already cultivated taste for the cove oysters.  When I think of
some of the coffee we got during those war times I can but think what a fortune a Postum man could have made. We had to take our peaches from the
tin cans of commerce but our berries, such as blue berries, raspberries and




40


O4L D  S ETTLER S   O F  T H E


blackberries were delicious and we put them up for winter in jugs with sealing
wax on the corks for the self-sealer had not come into use then.  Grand Traverse beat the world then as now in the matter of potatoes, and nearly every
family kept a cow so you see we did not lack for good things to eat. The
Propeller Alleghany brought in the fall all necessary supplies for the next
winter. In the spring we did not have to look in the daily paper to see if the
ice was breaking in the bay. It used to start from the shore with a good stout
south wind and then we would go and sit upon the beach and watch it as it
drifted away out into Lake Michigan. I now recall a bit of poetry Mrs. Bates


ADA K. SPRAGUE PRATT
Pioneer of 1861. Born in Gill, Mass., August 16,1843. Charter member of Ladies' Library Association.
Organizer of Eastern Star of Traverse City.
made when she and I were sitting gazing out upon the blue waters. If it had
been made public we might think Tennyson had read it when he wrote his
Song of the Sea, but I now present it to the public for the first time:


' Break, break, break,
Against the old dock come kerslam,
Making sweet music in the soul
Of Ada Sprague and Martha Cram."
As to the matter of dress we mostly wore what we brought with us, but if
wanted to make a new gown we consulted Peterson's Magazine for styles.


we


SLEIGHING PARTY
The first party held after I came was upon the evening of my arrival and I
was too tired to attend. It was in the unfinished Herald building, where the
Hamilton-Milliken block now stands. Albert Bacon was one of our business




GRAND  TRAVERSE  REGIONN


41


men and owned the only horses not in constant use. They were a span of
lively Indian ponies. Often during an afternoon we would receive a note
reading: "The houses of Goodale and Sprague will please hold themselves in
readiness to take a sleigh ride tonight," and at seven o'clock a long sleigh box
with straw covered bottom would appear at our door with possibly one or two
occupants besides Mr. Bacon and we would go. My! what joy it was. The
sleighing good, air clear and bracing and young blood flowing through our
veins kept us warm. H. D. ''ampbell had a housekeeper at his farm at Silver
Lake and we would often drive up there taking our cans of cove oysters and
bags of crackers with us.
DANCING PARTY AT ELK RAPIDS
The first real dancing party I attended was Washington's birthday of 1862.
Mr. Bacon took a load of six (including himself) with his sleigh and ponies and
we reached Elk Rapids in time for dinner. The party was to be held at the
Stocking. House and we drove directly there. I remember the building well
for a small tower was upon the top overlooking the broad expanse of East Bay
and the proprietor called it his "purgatory," but of course we all knew he
meant observatory. After dinner we visited and told stories until supper time,
then the supper tables cleared were as soon as possible and by seven or half past
the dance beg in. Michael Gay and J. E. Greilick, who accompanied our party,
played the violins. Those two instruments furnished the best music I have
ever heard at a party. It was almost morning when we retired but betimes
were off for a ride about the little hamlet. After dinner Mr. Bacon took some
of us to his farm across Elk Lake. The ice rumbled ominously and great
cracks yawned in all directions but it did not seem so hazardous until we had
learned that the ice all left the lake the next day. We danced a short time
that evening but soon gave it up to gather about a huge fire and listen to
stories from the lips of Mr. A. S. Wadsworth, tales of personal adventure and
hair breadth escapes told as only he could tell them. It was near Sunday
morning before we retired, but we were up in time to hear a good Methodist
sermon at the school house. After dinner we started home taking Mr. Wadsworth with us and stopping at his store located at Petobego Lake. It was a
low two story log building, the lower part used as a boarding house for his
men and the upper for a store to furnish supplies. He had a small assortment
of trinkets and the boys bought souvenirs for each of the girls. I have mine
yet. We reached home just at dark a tired but happy crowd. The next
summer I went over the same route on the back of one of the same ponies we
rode after then. We had dancing parties at various places after that.  At the
Gunton House, Hannah & Lay's boarding house and often one at Mr. Hannah's
house. In the winter we had singing school too, and it is possible one or two
are present who will remember the singing teacher who would say with great
emphasis, "Now, all ascend up," as he flourished his heavy baton and run the
scale from "do" to high "C."  I have always wondered why it was, with such
advantages I never became a singer, but some how I escaped.
There were candy pulls and pop corn parties. We were all readers as well
as workers and the larger number of adult women were, as well as most of the
men, exceedingly well informed upon all current topics. With the mail coming
once a week we were well supplied with reading matter (we always took a
large market basket to the'post office.) What one had we all had or were
welcome to have; and all were liberal subscribers to the periodicals of the day.
The kindly atmosphere which, like the breath of our own pine woods, pervaded
the place and made us feel like one large household and the desire for intelligent companionship was mutual. We met and discussed what we read, always
with a keen interest in the movements of the great outside world so full of war
and strife. Our few soldier boys were sent off with as hearty a God speed as




42


OLD  SETTLER S  OF  ' TH E


ever followed a whole regiment. Science, art, inventions, religion, all received
our attention. To the ladies who think they cannot call a company together
without holding forth bridge, eucre or some form of amusement I just want
to say a game of cards was never, to my knowledge, played in Traverse City
during all those early years. In the spring the maple sugar camps were frequently visited and those of us who did not go to "Jericho" went elsewhere to
the sugarings off, sure to have a good time wherever it was, for the good
reason that we carried it with us.  Hospitality was everywhere where the
smoke of a chimney curled and try as we might there was no such things as
forestalling an invitation. The old received the greatest consideration and the
young the kindest attention. Like one great family we were dependent upon
each other and everybody found happiness in helping to make others happy.
One very enjoyable event occurred with great regularity during a few months
of the year.
PROPELLER ALLEGHANY
When the old Propeller Alleghany's whistle was heard in the vicinity of
Marion Island (then prempted by Albert Bacon and called Island No. 10)
everybody started for the dock ready to hear the news and welcome all new
comers. Then too just to look at the boat was a source of joy for she had
come direct from the outside world from which we were cut off.  If she
whistled just before noon on Sunday I will not tell you that any left Divine
service but the minister would hasten to pronounce the benediction while he
had an audience. We went about a great deal upon the water in crafts of all
kinds and when H. D. Campbell was married to Miss Kate Carmichael six of
us were invited to go with them upon the Alleghany to Port Sarnia and Port
Huron. It was a fine trip and ever to be remembered by the few of us left,
for out of the party invited including bride and groom, only one is left.  The
stanch old captain and his mates passed away years ago.
We had wonderful Christmas trees then standing all about us the year
around, but the evening of the 24th of December would find us crowded into
the old school house with its half dozen kerosene lamps, and a tree all aglow
with bits of candles and tinsel, strings of pop corn and bits of bright tin. Then
too the best of it was everybody within a radius of two miles was remembered
without one exception. The baby with a pair of shoes or a rattle, the needy
with a ham, a sack of flour or a dried apple cake. Butter was scarce and very
dear but with the spice it was impossible to detect the lard smuggled in for
shortening. I could tell of many things of interest as the years passed on.
OUR FIRST CLUB
I think our first club was called "The Mutual Admiration Society" and
good literary work was done by the young people.  Those were good old
pioneer days but much as they were enjoyed then I would not recall them.
Why, the first time I went to New York I went in February of 1868 on stage to
Grand Rapids. Left here at seven on Tuesday morning and we rode until ten
or half past nights getting to Grand Rapids at 3:30 the afternoon of the following Friday. We made good time too and did not feel very tired. Now we go
to Grand Rapids and reach there in less than five hours all tired out and exclaim it was such a long dreary ride!
Everything goes by steam and electricity so much now a days we are constantly desiring more rapid transit. I am very proud of our Queen City by the
bay and am only sad that the dear ones who lived those pioneer days with us
cannot see the wonderful development of our town and country. I still contend
that no one who attends the "Movies" has any more real pleasure out of them
than we did when we paid out ten cents to go into a ten by twelve show tent
(which would come once in a while upon the boats) to view the great living




GRAN D  TRAVERS E  REGION  43


43


wonders of the age or took our work at two o'clock and together with other
ladies and their husbands sat down to a hearty six o'clock combination dinner
and supper.
MY ARRIVAL IN TRAVERSE CITY
Just after the first troops were sent out from Southern Michigan, my
mother and I accompanied my brother Mr. E. L. Sprague, who had been in Elk
Rapids and Traverse City several years, to Chicago, where at that time the
remains of Stephen A. Douglas lay in state. After a stay there of thirty-six
hours we took passage on board the Propeller Alleghany, owned by Hannah,
Lay & Co.. with George Boynton for captain, George Baldwin first mate and
Eli Coon second mate. After a ride of thirty hours with Lake Michigan on
her very best behavior we reached this port at seven o'clock on the morning of
June 10, 1861. It was one of those perfect days immortalized by the poet
Lowell because so rare. As the good old captain pulled into the dock he was
greeted by Perry Hannah (then only thirty six years old) who stood with
hands ready to grasp the mail pouches while he asked eagerly for the latest
war news.
There seemed a Sabbath's stillness in the air broken only by the noise of
the boat and the dreamy buzzing of the saws at the one mill, as they passed
through the huge pine logs. Then we waded through the sand and sawdust to
Dr. Goodale's house where we were to board until we could go to housekeeping. That morning begun a friendship between the two families broken only
as death has severed the links. Ten ate breakfast there that morning, and
today only one of the ten are living. The house stood where the Hotel Whiting now stands and the house we were to occupy was where Barnum & Earl's
jewelry store is. Mr. Smith Barnes was store manager for Hannah, Lay & Co.
and boarded at the Doctor's. During a few week's absence of Mrs. Barnes,
and with his usual desire to make the women folks comfortable, backed plank,
and laid a walk with his own hands between the two back doors so we would
not have to empty our shoes of sand after making a neighborly call.
TRAVERSE CITY
I wish I could make you see Traverse City as I saw it that beautiful
morning. I had never lived in but one town and that a village with churches
of various denominations, a Union school and situated on the M. C. R. R. so I
did not expect a very large city, but why did they call it a city?  The name
city seemed such a misnomer, but the men who gave the name must have had
the faith of the mother who always made her boy's clothes too large for him
and when interviewed upon the subject replied, "Johnny will grow to them"
and Johnny did grow to them and we have grown to have a legal right to our
name of city and more than that we are proud to be called the "Queen City of
the North." I will acknowledge that fifty-seven years ago it took a great
stretch of imagination to see much of a city here. All of the north side of
Front Street was grown up to wild roses, brakes and blueberry brush. I have
many times picked quarts of berries there.
As I said before, the houses were all upon the south side of the street.
Beginning at the east end was a small part of what has of late been called
"Cottage Home" but was then our grandest hotel, owned and named by the
proprietor, "The Gunton House." Mr. Gunton's daughter, Mrs. B. J. Morgan, has lived continuously during her life of half a century upon the one
block, with the exception of a temporary residence upon the next block while
the new house was being constructed. There was a small frame dwelling just
south of the hotel. West was an old log house where Miss Helen Goodale,
later NMrs. T. A. Hitchcock, taught the first school, but then used as a dwelling
by Gustavus Brown. No other building until we reached the southeast corner




44, OLD  SET T   E RS  OF  TH E


of Front and Park Streets, where stood a small dwelling to be seen only a year
ago. The small building back of it, later a bicycle repair shop, was a store
with a stock of goods owned by H. D. Campbell and A. W. Bacon.  Next was
a hotel run by Wm. Fowle and called "The Fowle House." A. V. Friedrich's
block stands upon its site.
Morgan Bates was just erecting a one story office building on the corner
where the First National Bank is located, and where Dreamland stands was a
small cottage afterwards owned by Smith Barnes. As I mentioned before, our
own house stood where Barnum & Earl's jewelry store is and where Mr.
Kyselka's store stands we had a very nice vegetable garden, that part of the
lot having been enriched by many loads of heavy soil.  Dr. Goodale's residence was a few feet west and was used as a dwelling house, Doctor's office
and the post office. The township library was also kept there.  Then came
the house occupied as a private dwelling by Thomas Cutler and in later years
added to and used as a hotel bearing the stately name of Mansion House. Today we see the ground covered by the Wilhelm   Block.  There was no
house near the Leelanau county line except on the corner of Bay and Elmwood. Albert Bacon owned it then, built a small dwelling house and called
the place Lincolnville. Coming back we find an old flour mill about where the
intersection of North Division and Front street is. Mr. Hannah's cottage was
a part of the cottage still standing on Bay street. Farther north were some
old hay sheds, then came some rude dwellings used by the mill men with
families. The location on Bay street was known as Slab City and all the
houses west were located in Bagdad. There was a certain jealousy existing
between these localities and I always suspected the Slab Cityites felt more
aristocratic because they possessed the one house with a real brick chimney,
and the Bagdadites were possibly envious of it. Mr. Dominic Dunn lived in
a small house west of the Wilhelm Block and Joseph Knizek occupied a very
small house west of that one, some of it being used as a shoe shop.  Away
out on Washington street stood a small new dwelling painted white and occupied by Morgan Bates. It is the upright part of Mrs. Lorin Roberts' house.
A low school house (used as a court house during session of circuit court)
stood where Park Place Annex stands.  There had been upon the public
square two buildings known respectively as Court House and Jail but the
former was burned a short time before I came here and the Jail was of little
value. Crossing the wooden bridge at North Union street we find upon the
right a two story wooden building occupied by Hannah, Lay & Co. who were
then as now "Dealers in Everything." Upon the left was an old tool house
and Hannah, Lay & Co's. boarding house for their men.  Later it was very
much added to and known as the "Bay House," afterward the Pangborn House
and was burned January, 1902. The Grand Traverse Herald office and the U.
S. Land offices occupied a small building just west upon Bay street and Mr.
Germaine resided just west of that. Aside from the necessary outbuildings
and barns I think I have recalled every structure near Traverse City.  It was
all woods south of town, no dwelling in that direction nearer than where Mr.
Ransom now lives. That was Bohemia town, where as young lads resided
many of our respected business men of today. This is the way I first saw
Traverse City fifty-seven years ago.
OUR CEMETERY
There is one thing more I wish to speak of, that is our cemetery.  When
I came the only burial place was on the bank of the Boardman river, east of
the Carnegie Library, and about where the park is now located.
In 1861 the Board of Supervisors arranged for forty acres of land and
while they felt certain not more than half of it would be used they wanted to be
sure and have enough for all time to come.  The population was small and




GRAND  TRAVERSE   R EGION


45


people were shamefully healthy. The first person buried in the new ground
was John Hopper who was accidentally killed by his gun.
I have no doubt that incident gave rise to an item I saw  afterwards in a
Pennsylvania paper stating that Traverse City, Michigan was such a healthy
place they "had to kill a man to start a burying ground."  We still claim ours
is a healthy climate but all manner of diseases have been brought to us unti.
now our City of the Dead is becoming crowded and we have added more acres
THE MILLIKEN COTTAGE
At the time of the World's Fair at Chicago in 1892, J. W. Milliken erected
a small cottage on the Fair grounds to entertain his Traverse City friends.
Mrs. Mary K. Buck wrote the following poem in commemoration of the event,
at a reunion at "Edgewood" in the cottage which had been placed there.
Oh, here's to the cottage we fondly remember,
That squatted last year on a bit of wild ground,
From some time in June till the chilly November,
With the Fair to the North, and the prairie around.
Should you ask me the style of its quaint architecture
I fear I should be quite unable to tell;
But with beds that are downy, snug walls to protect ye,
And fare that was dainty, you lived like a swell
In that queer little cottage, the Milliken cottage,
The dear little cottage that sheltered us well.
No portico vast, neither turret nor gable,
Could add.to that cottage one beauty or grace;
But Queen Anne lent a hand to preparing its table,
And reigned in its kitchen with bright, smiling face,
And the guests, with their grips and their telescopes handy,
Whose fortune it was in that cottage to dwell,
Pronounced it, in language emphatic, "a dandy,"
And still of its pleasures they oft love to tell:
That wonderful cottage, the Milliken cottage,
The dear little cottage we all loved so well.
'I'he wonder was great that so lowly a dwelling
Could harbor so many its four walls withinThose walls were of rubber, so yielding and swelling,
Its inside was cosy, its roof was of tin.
A puzzle it seemed to the crowds passing by itSome thought it a side-show, and others a bar.
But little cared they whom good luck brought anigh it,And many who gathered from near and from far —
In that queer little cottage, that wide-spreading cottage,
That stood with its friendly door ever ajar.
When at night from our sight-seeing, weary, returning,
How gladly we welcomed its bright, homelike cheer:The table well spread, antl the lamp softly burning,
And freinds from the northland who gathered anear,
Though Time may blot out, with his grimy old finger,
Full many a scene that is charming and rare,
Yet long in our mem'ries the cottage will linger
That J. W. Milliken took to the fair.
That queer little cottage, that low-spreading cottage,
The cottage that sheltered us royally there.




46


O L LD SETTLERS OP F THE


EARLY HISTORY OF ELK RAPIDS
The pioneer settler of Elk Rapids was
|u^ iIi  Abram S. Wadsworth. He was a native
of Durham, Conn. Came to the Grand
Traverse region in 1846. In 1847 he built
a small log cabin near the present site of
I  the town hall. This was the first building
put up by a white man in Antrim county.
About that time he was employed by the
government in the re-survey of lands and
with the funds arising from his work he....                         erected a h house on his lands and late in
the fall his family settled therein. In 1850
I:  and 51 he built the first saw mill on the
east side of the bay, James McLaughlin
superintending the work.
Elk Rapids, River and Lake were so
named by him because of a pair of elk
horns which he found in t'he sand at the
mouth of the river. He named Round
Lake from its shape and Clam Lake from
the vast number of clams found in the
river. Torch Lake was so named by the
Indians because of the fishing lights Oused
l_;i --- —-;-   -                on the lake. Was-wah-go-nink signifies a
lake of torches.
ABRAM S. WADSWORTH              In the spring of 1852 the village of
Pioneer of 1846       Elk Rapids was laid out by A. S. Wadsworth.  Lots were sold at twenty-five
dollars each. The first two lots, where the town hall now stands, were sold to
James McLaughlin, in payment for which he gave a blacksmith's bellows.
Among those who came that season was Michael Gay, John Lake, Jared
Stocking, John B. Spencer and their families. The year 1853 brought many
changes. Large additions of imigrants were made to the population. Among
these were John Denahy, Elvin L. Sprague, Jared W. Arnold, Donald F.
Parks, Alexander Campbell and Hiram Robinson. Early this year Mr. Wadsworth sold his mill to James Rankin & Sons who built a store and brought in
a stock of goods. Jared Stocking opened a hotel. The following winter Mr.
Wadsworth built another saw mill on the site of the mill since owned by Dexter
& Noble, Mr. Northam having charge of the business.  The mill was scarcely
completed when it was sold to M. Craw & Co., of which firm Mr. Wirt Dexter
was the principal partner. A notable event of this year was the opening of the
first school. The school district was organized in May, 1853, and the school
was taught by George W. Ladd, a young man from Old Mission. Another
event of 1853 was the establishment of a postoffice. The first postmaster was
Theron Bostwick. In September, 1855, Mr. Henry H. Noble came to Elk
Rapids as an employe of M. Craw & Co. He was born in Palmyra, N. Y.,
August 25, 1823; two years later his parents removed to Washtenaw County,
Mich., where subsequently he engaged in the mercantile business.
Among the arrivals in 1856 was S. E. Wait, who entered the employ of
M. Craw & Co. April 1st continuing with them during the existence of the




GRAND TRAVERSE REG ION


47


firm, and subsequently with Dexter & Noble, excepting the year 1860 when he
built the schooner Zephyr for Dr. Thomas Fearnside of Old Mission, 1861 at
Old Mission, and 1862 teaching the government Indian schools at Middle
Village and Pashawbatown, until the fall of 1865, teaching the Elk Rapids
school during the winter of 1865-66, moving to Traverse City in the spring of
1866. In the fall of 1856 the firm of M. Craw & Co. was dissolved and a
new one organized under the name of Dexter & Noble, Wirt Dexter and
Henry H. Noble being the only partners.
EARLY HISTORY OF CHARLEVOIX
Charlevoix in the early days was known as Pine River. At this point as
at all the lake points, the first comers were fishermen. As early as 1852 and
perhaps earlier fishermen were located here and in the spring of 1853 quite a
colony had collected. Capt. T. D. Smith had an establishment southwest of
the mouth of the river, four families west of Smith, three at the mouth of the
river and one, half a mile farther north. These homes contained families of
women and children.
Trouble arose between the fishermen and the Mormons of Beaver Island,
whose history will appear elsewhere under the title, "King Strang's Home,"
caused a scattering of the fishermen in fear of being attacked by overpowering
numbers of the Mormons, so Pine River seems to have been an abandoned
settlement until the spring of 1854 when George Preston and family arrived
from Beaver Island and took possession of one of the houses on the north side
of the river.  Soon after the arrival of Preston, Galon B. Cole and family
arrived from Fox Island on the schooner "Dolphin."  These were Mormons
as were also Medad Thompson and Widow Ring who arrived in the fall, and
Adam See and Daniel Alvord in the spring of 1855.
On the 11th of May, 1855 John S. Dixon and family arrived at the mouth
of Pine River from Old Mission in the little schooner "Emeline."  The party
consisted of Mr. and Mrs. Dixon, their three children and Mr. Wolcott and
Frank May. No sooner were the Dixon's party and effects landed than the
captain of the "Emeline," who was in bad odor with the Mormons, fearing an
attack set sail and the schooner soon disappeared in the distance.  Mr. Dixon
had brought with him a considerable amount of supplies, including a small
boat and some lumber. Of the latter a temporary residence was built on the
beach, in which the family remained for the next three days.  The three days
were spent in clearing a path along the south margin of the stream, then by
towing, the family and goods were transported up the river and landed on the
north shore where the stream leaves Round Lake. At this point they found a
small settlement of Mormons who regarded Mr. Dixon with suspicion and
plainly indicated that he was not welcome. There had been several fisherman's
shanties on his premises. ( Mr. I)ixon's purchase of a considerable tract of
land lying on Pine River and Round and Pine Lakes had been consummated a
year lefore.) One of these shanties was still standing when he first landed
from the "Emeline" but had been torn down in the meantime.  However he
soon had it so far rebuilt as to be able to occupy it as a temporary dwelling in




48


OLD  S E  T TLERS  OF  THE






which his family resided for some time until having become thoroughly discouraged by the constant annoyance of the Mormons and feeling his inability
to successfully oppose by force or otherwise protect his property against their
depredations he reluctantly decided to abandon the settlement and accordingly
wrote Lewis Miller at Old Mission to send a vessel to carry them away.  The
sloop "Defiance," Capt. Sheppard, was sent and after consultation and delineration it was decided to send his family to Northport, Mr. Dixon to remain.
About the first of August, 1856, the small schooner "Rover" arrived whose
crew and passengers were Samuel Horton and family and two young men,
John Newman and Archie Buttars.
At the closing in of the winter of 1856-57 there were four families in the
Pine River region, those of Medad Thompson, J. S. Dixon, Samuel Horton
and John Miller and the two young men Newman and Buttars.  Mr. Buttars
soon went to Elk Rapids thence to Traverse City and Northport and did not
return to Charlevoix until 1869.
John S. Dixon was born in Mexico, Orange County, N. Y., August 24,
1818. His father was Rev. David R. Dixon, a graduate of Yale College and a
Presbyterian clergyman at Mexico. John S. married July 1, 1866, Phebe S.
Pratt at Orwell, Ashtabula County, Ohio. She was born at Lynn, Conn., 1820.
They had five children. The plat of Charlevoix was made by Mr. Dixon in
1866.
LITTLE TRAVERSE AND SURROUNDING TOWNS
Little Traverse Bay and the resorts along its shores have become famous,
owing to the wonderful climatic advantages. The location and chirography
around the Bay encouraged the belief that only a fragment of its early history
has been prepared. The points most prominently associated with Indian and
missionary history are L'Arbre Croche, Cross Village, Middle Village and
Little Traverse.
L'Arbre Croche, meaning crooked tree, was a short distance above Middle
Village. At that point stood a tall crooked pine tree, which occupied an
elevated position and could be seen far out upon the lake.
Back to the year 1825 we find the Catholics returning to re-establish missions that had been abandoned. First a church was built at Middle Village
and in 1827 the mission was moved to Little Traverse. About this time a
church was built at Cross Village.
In 1855 Father Weikamp established a convent at Cross Village. The
early history of Bear '<reek (Muhquh Sebing) is almost entirely confined to
matters connected with the Presbyterian mission which was established in
1852. About the year 1851 the number of Ottawas and Chippewas at this point
was increased by the coming of several families from Old Mission where Rev.
Peter Dougherty had been laboring.  By request of Mlr. Dougherty and a
favorable report by him, after visiting there in the winter of 1851 and 2, the
Presbyterian Board decided to establish a mission at this point and Mr. Andrew
Porter, who had previously spent some time as teacher at Old Mission, was
appointed for the work. Mr. Porter with his family, left his home in Pennsylvania early in 1852, arriving at his destination the first of June.  From  Mackinaw he came in the schooner Eliza Caroline, Captain Kirkland, the captain
bringing him for a very small sum. On leaving the vessel the party were
kindly received by the head man, Daniel Wells (Mwa-ke-we-nah) whom the
band afterward elected chief, and who, a few years later, laid down his life for




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


49


the country in the war of the rebellion. He placed his best room at the
disposal of Mr. Porter till the mission house could be built. The place selected
for the mission was on high land west of Bear Creek, half a mile back from the
bay. For a long time the Indians took a deep interest in the school. This
statement is illustrated by a touching incident related by Mr. Porter. Joseph
Na-bah-na-yah-sung, or as he named himself, Gibson, a boy about ten years
old, while the school was suspended for sugar making one spring had the
misfortune to break his leg between the ankle and the knee. When the school
was opened again he was still unable to walk. With womanly devotion his
mother and sister alternately carried him three-quarters of a mile to school
every day on their shoulders. He died, as many other noble men died, in the
Andersonville prison. In the spring of 1855 Rev. H. W. Guthrie, later of
Chilicothe, Ohio, was appointed by the Presbyterian Board as missionary to
Bear Creek and Middle Village. During 1856 he organized a church which is
now known as the First Presbyterian Church of Petoskey. For the first two
or three years the expense of the mission was borne wholly by the Presbyterian Board. After the establishment of Indian schools by the government
about 1860 or 61, the one at the mission was adopted by the agent, Hon. D. C.
Leach, as a government school, and the usual salary was paid to Mr. Porter as
teacher. The other teachers of the government Indian schools were William
H. Fife at Little Traverse and S. E. Wait at Middle Village, two of the pupils
of the latter Pe-en (Peter) and Ke-no-de-go Pe-to-se-ga, probably grandchildren of Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga, after whom the city of Petoskey was named.
Mr. Wait was in 1862 transferred by Mr. Leach to the Indian school at Pashawbatown on Grand Traverse Bay. Hazen Ingalls was the first settler who came
to Bear Creek for the purpose of making a home. In the spring of 1866 he
bought the water power and saw mill of Messrs. Fox & Rose. The saw mill,
a small affair, had been built by Harvey Porter, a brother of Andrew Porter,
about the vear 1862. Afterward the mill was changed into a grist mill.
The building of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad was the incentive
to the development of the natural resources at this point and its improvement
as a village site. Messrs. H. O. Rose and Amos Fox who had been pioneer
business men in the Traverse Region nearly twenty years, bought about two
hundred acres of land at this place. In the summer of 1873 the railroad to
this point was approaching completion and Mr. Rose came here for the purpose
of beginning business. The firm of H. O. Rose & Co., consisting of H. O.
Rose and Amos Fox commenced selling goods in a small log building near the
residence of Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga in June 1873. The firm was increased by
one member in 1874 and consisted of Amos Fox of Charlevoix, H. O. Rose of
Petoskey-which he laid out this year, and Archibald Buttars of Charlevoix,
Mr. Buttars taking sole charge of this store and also their store at Charlevoix.
Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga (Rising Sun) after whom the village of Petoskey was
named, was born near where Manistee now stands in 1787. His parents, who
were Chippewas and whose home was near Little Traverse, were down there
on a hunting and trapping trip.  His father's name was Nee-i-too-shing,
"Early Dawn."
HARBOR SPRINGS
formerly called Little Traverse, is an incorporated village situated on the
north of Little Traverse Bay upon a beautiful harbor formed by Harbor Point,
a narrow peninsula and beautiful summer resort, nearly a mile in length and
three-quarters of a mile in width, on whose extreme point is located the Light
House, which has been faithfully cared for until recently by Mrs. Daniel
(Elizabeth Whitney) Williams since soon after its erection, the lamp being
lighted for the first time September 25, 1884. Mrs. Williams had previously
been lightkeeper on Beaver Island, succeeding her former husband, Mr. Van




50


OLD SETTLERS OF THE


Riper, who with the first mate of the schooner "Thomas Howland" was
drowned in efforts to rescue occupants of the wreck.
The location of Harbor Springs is an admirable one for commerce, being
nearly on  the  line of lake  traffic and  having  one of  the  best
harbors  on the  whole chain of lakes. It was this harbor that gave the
place its Indian name We-que-ton-sing, a name since appropriated by one of
the neighboring resorts.
The authentic and legionary history of the village is full of interest.
Pieces of ancient crockery have been found here indicating that it was once a
stopping place of the extinct race of Mound Builders on their journeys from


~                                                             ~
i::::                 s0i0.:


ELIZABETH WHITNEY WILLIAMS
Pioneer of Traverse City in 1853, Light-keeper on Beaver Island and Little Traverse.
Auther of "A Child of the Sea."
Mexico to the Lake Superior mines. About the year 1827 the Catholics came
to Little Traverse and built a church of cedar logs and covered with bark.
This was built by Rev. Fr. Peter De Jean who was the first resident priest at
this point. Rev. Father Zorn had afterward been priest here for more than a
quarter of a century. Among the acts of Father De Jean may be mentioned
his founding of a liquor law which prohibited the use and sale of liquor and
what was rigidly enforced until about 1854. In the fall of 1853 Richard Cooper
arrived here on the trading schooner Eliza Caroline-built on St. Helena Island
by Walter Whitney-and opened a store. At this time fisherman had already
established themselves at several points on the northern part of Lake Michigan. Charles R. Wright, accompanied by Albert Cable, arrived here at this
time, Mr. Wright erecting a cooper shop and dwelling and remained about




GRAND  TRAVERSE  RE GIO N  51


three years making fish barrels; he then went to Beaver Island where he
remained until 1881 in the mercantile business, when he returned here. In
1861 a postoffice was established with Andrew J. Blackbird as postmaster.
ANDREW J. BLACKBIRD
Andrew J. Blackbird-Mak-a-te-bin-essi-was an Ottawa Indian, son of
Black Hawk-Makatebinessi-was born near the Traverse Region about 1820.
In the fall of 1827 his father came to little Traverse. Andrew having learned
enough of the mode and manners of civilized life to have a desire for knowledge determined to secure an education. With this purpose in mind he went
to Twinsburg, Qhio, where he entered school and remained until he had a fair
education and later attended the State Normal School at Ypsilanti. He was
for several years special interpreter, and always occupied local prominence on
account of his relations with both races. He died September 7th, 1908 leaving
a wife, an English woman, who he married in Toledo, Ohio, one daughter and
three sons. His remarkable memory had stood him in good stead and in addition to the Indian dictionaries and other Indian text books which he had published had put much time and thought upon manuscript of the Indian legions
and folklore for which the Ottawa Indians are noted.
MARGARET BOYD
"Aunt Margaret," sister of A. J. Blackbird and whose Indian name is
O-ga-be-jig-ok-we, is also noted for her work in translations of the Ottawa
language and her influence over the Indians of the district.  In the autumn of
1876 she made a journey to Washington in the interest of some Indian families
who had failed to receive deeds of the lands they had purchased. President
Grant listened to her with the utmost respect and assured her that everything
would be made right. After their business talk was concluded, he took her on
his arm into another apartment and introduced her to his wife and several
other ladies.
When she went to Washington she took a basket of her work and selling
it along the way paid the expenses of her journey.
THE "CITY OF TRAVERSE"
The year of 1871 was an epoch in the history of Traverse City when
Hannah, Lay & Co. brought out their elegant steamer "City of Traverse."
She was built in the ship yard of Quaile & Martin, Cleveland, Ohio, under the
supervision of David Bauld who was afterward chief engineer of the boat, was
225 feet long, breadth of beam 32 feet 9 inches.  Cabin 90 feet long 12 feet
wide with 21 large state rooms. Carrying capacity 640,000 feet of lumber and
fine accommodations for 75 passengers.  She was launched on the 13th of
March and left Cleveland for Traverse City on the 26th of April.  It was the
purpose to have her make weekly trips between Traverse City and Chicago.
Grain freights being so high made an inducement for the proprietors to take
her off her regular trips for four trips with grain from Chicago to Buffalo and
Erie.
At the close of the season the following report was made:  Twenty-three
trips were made to Chicago, one to Erie and three to Buffalo, laid up in




52


OLD  SETTI, ERS  OF  T HE


Chicago on the 10th of December, a season of seven and a half months.  On
her 23 trips to Chicago she carried 12,639,950 feet of lumber averaging 549,563
feet per trip On her trip to Erie she took 69,413 bushels of oats, on her three
trips to Buffalo she carried respectively 70,604, 71,760 and 62,093 bushels.
She brought to Traverse City 39,000 bushels of oats, 10,000 bushels of corn,
9,000 bushels of wheat in bulk and 2,000 bushels of grain in bags, carried 1,040
passengers, 592 out and 448 in. The officers of the boat were:
Captain, George Baldwin.
First Mate, Eli Coon.
Second Mate, John Snow.
Clerk and Steward, S. E. Wait.
Engineer, David Bauld.
Assistant Engineer, William Bauld.
The Cleveland "Plain Dealer" after a description of the boat said, "she is
probably the best of her class on the lakes."
In the spring of 1872 S. E. Wait, Archie Jamieson, cook, and Will W.
Smith went to Chicago to fit out the cabin and its accessories for the season's
tiat
*.;.  I-X -  41I. —.0..-l-^**:':::**.l:-*vl;l.l*:  Ax
~'
THE CITY OF TRAVERSE
run. They started early one morning by Campbell's stage line for Cadillac,
stopping for breakfast with H. D. Campbell at his home on Silver Lake.  The
G. R. & I. railroad had just been completed to Cadillac so the rest of the trip
was made by rail.
FROM CABIN BOY TO SENATOR
In July the health of Mr. Wait was such that he was obliged to resign as
clerk and steward of the boat and Will W. Smith, who he had engaged as cabin
boy in the spring, succeeded him in that capacity for the balance of the season.
The Traverse City railroad was completed to Traverse City November 15, 1872
and Mr. Smith was a passenger on the first train from  Walton on his return
home from the laying up at the close of the season of the City of Traverse in
Chicago. He also held the same position on the boat during the years 1873




G RA N D  T R A-V E R S E  R E G I O N


53


and 74. From that time on Mr. Smith has held positions of trust and responsibility, having served Traverse City twenty years in various capacities as
alderman and other positions, also two terms as mayor, and in 1916 was
elected to the State Senate.
William W. Smith was born in Constantia, N. Y., August 22, 1849, came
to Traverse City in 1860, married in Traverse City, June 8, 1874, Miss Susan
Reynolds, wno was born in Gouverneur, N. Y., December 3, 1853.
The fate of the City of Traverse was shown up in a Chicago paper dated
Sept. 28, 1907:
"Drawn away up into the end of the canal at Benton Harbor, Mich., its
nose poking into the mud, its bow half concealed by the heavy growth of weeds
on either side of the narrow channel, lies the good ship City of Traverse.
Near the stern of the City of Traverse lies the City of Chicago of the Graham
& Morton line which now also owns the City of Traverse. The close proximity
of the two craft reminds the observer of the days when the City of Chicago, a
municipal corporation, and the City of Traverse, a piratical ship owned by a
gambling syndicate operating under the mythical name of "Carey & Co" were
deadly enemies. Now the City of Chicago, a side-wheeler and the City of
Traverse, propeller, are friends for both of them will carry the flag of the
Graham & Morton Line and carry excursionists from Chicago to St. Joseph
and return during next season. In other words, the City of Traverse is being
converted. For two and a half years she was the principal actor in an extraordinary attempt on the part of Chicago gamblers to baffle the law by means
of modern science. The big ship was rigged as a floating poolroom, equipped
with a wireless telegraphic outfit and commissioned as a means of transmitting
race track returns regardless of the police.  Eighteen years before this the
City of Traverse plied bstwoen Chicago and the ports of Lake Superior."
KING STRANG'S HOME
By Williams E. Cirtis, Correspondent of the Chicago Record-Herald
About twenty-five miles off the eastern shore of Lake Michigan and a part
of Emmet county is a group of islands, eleven or twelve in number, within a
circle of fifty miles, which have been inhabited ever since white men first came
into this country. They were partially cleared of forests and covered with
cultivated fields as early as 1650, and within four years after Quebec was
founded Champlain had a trading post at what is now the town of St. James,
Beaver Island, where James J. Strang set up an Independent kingdom in 1847
and maintained it for almost ten years.  It is one of the strangest incidents in
American history and attracted considerable attention at the time, although the
episode seems to have been forgotten and is not even mentioned in the
standard histories of the United States. The royal palace is now a coopershop, the colony is dissipated, and the family of that extraordinary man has
disappeared among the great multitude.
Beaver Island is the largest in Lake Michigan, being about twenty miles
long and from twelve to fifteen miles wide. It contains several thousand acres




54


4OLD SETTLERS O F THE


of arable land, broken by small lakes and streams, and the highest point is
forty feet above the level of the lake.  The largest lake is called Galilee, the
largest stream is the river Jordan, and the capital of the kingdom was named in
honor of St. James the Apostle. One of the adjacent islands is called Patmos,
because the king and prophet used to go there for meditation whenever a
vision or meditation from heaven became necessary to restore his influence.
The island is now the center of the fishing trade, a railroad has been built
across it, a weekly newspaper is published, and there is a population of about
1,300 prosperous and happy people.
The king of Beaver Island was James Jesse Strang, a native of Cayuga
county, New York, and the son of a farmer. He possessed no education
beyond that he had obtained in the country schools, but had great natural
ability, a remarkable memory and gift of tongue and audacity, courage and
determination, which never faltered and were never overcome. During his
early manhood he taught school, delivered temperance lectures, dabbled in
politics, edited a newspaper at Randolph, Chautauqua county, and at one time
was postmaster of the village of Ellington. In 1842 he removed to Burlington,
Wis., and there somehow fell under the influence of Joseph Smith, "the American Mohammed," who converted him to Mormonism, baptised him, ordained
him as an elder aud imposed upon him the mission of planting a stake of Zion
in the state of Wisconsin. A few months later Joseph and Hyrum Smith were
lynched by a mob which stormed the jail at Carthage, where they were imprisoned, and although he had been a member of the church for less than a year,
James Strang displayed his chiefest characteristic by claiming the succession
and presenting a document which purported to be written and signed by Joseph
Smith appointing him chief apostle and prophet of the Latter Day Saints.
Strang's pretensions were promptly denied and ridiculed.  He was
denounced as a vulgar impostor and the document was declared a clumsy
forgery. He was excommunicated from the church and driven from Nauvoo
by Brigham Young and the other Mormon leaders, but continued to assert his
title, and, strange to say, received the support of a considerable number of
devoted followers. He led them to Voree, Walworth County, Wis., a little
village on the White River, where after a few months, in imitation of Joseph
Smith, he discovered several metallic sheets inscribed with cabalistic signs,
which, he claimed, were buried there by the Apostle James, who had been sent
as a messenger to foretell the coming of "a mighty prophet" and declare the
law and the will of the Lord.  Subsequently other metallic sheets, eighteen in
number, were discovered, which Strang called "the plates of Laban," and
declared that they were written before the Babylonian captivity. A translation
of these inscriptions were printed afterward under the title:
THE BOOK OF THE LAW OF THE LORD,
Consisting of an inspired translation of some of
the most important part of the law
given to Moses, and a few
addi-commandments
Printed by command of the King at the royal
press, St. James-A. R. I.
The curious little volume was a cheap imitation of Joseph Smith's "Book
of Doctrines and Covenants," written in verbose and pompous language,
following the style of the Bible, and containing minute instructions as to attire,
morals, habits, food, forms of worship and other regulations which were made
the basis of the laws proclaimed by King Strang when a few months later he
founded his absolute monarchy.
The people of Voree did not approve of a Mormon settlement in their
neighborhood. The excitement occasioned by the expulsion of the saints from




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


55


Nauvoo had spread over the state boundary, and King Strang, following the
instincts of self-preservation sought for a more isolated location.  He found it
at Beaver Island, and in the summer of 1847 began to transfer his community
there. The island was already occupied by a small village of fishermen and
farmers, who at first resisted the invasion. Some of them were overcome and
others were conciliated, and within two years Strang attracted there a settlement of 1,400 or 1,500 souls, who recognized him as a prophet, priest and king
and willingly submitted to his autocratic authority.  He established a form of
government, adopted a system of taxation, established schools, industrial and
commercial associations, built a saw mill, opened roads, constructed docks and
published a daily paper called the Northern Islander, with a literary and typographical merit which surprised the profession in other parts of the state.
Sumptuary laws in imitation of the Mosaic code were proclaimed.  The use of
liquor, tobacco, tea and coffee was strictly prohibited; the observation of
religious rules and the performance of certain duties were peremptory, the
patriarchal system of government was introduced, and polygamy was sanctioned in imitation of the patriarchs of the Old Testament.  A Quakerish garb
was prescribed for the men and the women were required to wear a form of
bloomer costume with zouave trousers and skirts falling to the knees.
The colony was prosperous and peaceful.  Its numbers increased to more
than 2,000 people, who were models of industry, sobriety and contentment,and
for several years maintained friendly relations with the Indians and the Gentiles upon the neighboring shores and other islands of the lake. Strang nanaged to command confidence and respect of his subjects; their faith in his
divine inspiration was implicit and his orders were never questioned until a
serpent entered this Eden and the women began to make trouble.  The goodlooking ones insisted on discarding the bloomer dress and following the ordinary fashions of civilization.  King Strang had been elected to the legislature
of the state; the settlement had grown to be of sufficient importance to attract
attention from the outside. Visitors of both sexes frequently upon the island,
and the more intelligent and influential members of the community had
acquired sufficient means to allow them to travel about the country.
Their wives, who sometimes accompanied them, were subject to ridicule
because of their costumes, which they naturally resented and insisted upon
wearing conventional garments. One of these women was the wife of Dr. H.
D. McCulloch, a highly edudated physician from Baltimore, whose intemperate
habits had brought him into disgrace at home and who had taken refuge with
the Beaver Island colony, where liquor was unknown, in order to protect himself from temptation. While he submitted to Strang's authority and was the
recognized physician of the colony, he never formally joined the church or
assented to the king's pretensions.  Thomas Bedford, an Englishman of more
than ordinary ability, had been induced to join the colony, but was shrewd
enough to detect the impositions of Strang, and a secret distrust and hostility
soon grew up between them.
The wives of these men and several others discarded the bloomer costume
and defied the king, who had them called before the elders and disciplined for
disobedience. The difficulty grew rapidly. Mrs. Bedford and Mrs. Mcculloch
and others still refused to submit, and their husbands sustained them. Strang
showed a singular lack of tact in his treatment of the dress rebellion and soon
became involved in litigation with McCulloch and Bedford. He charged both
with dishonesty and debt and had them arrested, prosecuted and fined. In
addition to his open prosec ltion Bedford was taken from his house by masked
men one night and whipled with rawhides. This treatment drove him and
McCulloch and several of their sympathizers from the island and they took
refuge at Mackinaw Island.
Sometime previous the state authorities of Michigan received complaints




56


OL D  SETTLERS  OF  THE


-




concerning occurrences in this part of the lake which caused investigation, and
public sentiment through the neighborhood was gradually becoming hostile to
Strang and his colony. They were accused of numerous crimes-of trespass
upon the public lands, of interference with the fishermen, of robbing the mails,
of harboring counterfeiters and of piracy. In those days large fleets of
schooners were constantly passing up and down the lake with cargoes of produce and manufactured merchandise between Chicago and Buffalo and other
ports. A number of these vessels disappeared and the Mormons were accused
of misleading them to wreck by means of false lights and then murdering the
crews and plundering the cargoes.
Upon the application of the governor of the state the man-of-war Michigan,
which is still floating upon these waters, and is today anchored in the beautiful
bay of Harbor Springs, was sent to Beaver Island with the United States marshal, who arrested Strang and a large number of his associates and took them
to Detroit, where they were tried before Judge Wilkins of the United States
District Court. The proceedings attracted much attention. Strang appeared
in his own defense and displayed remarkable ability in conducting crossexaminations and great power as a pleader. In his speech before the jury he
claimed that he and his co-religionists were being persecuted for righteousness'
sake, and the jury evidently believed him, for not only he but more than 100 of
his Mormon subjects were acquitted of the charges made against them.
But this was only the beginning of trouble. From that time on arrests
and prosecutions of the colonists were frequent, and after the dress rebellion
McCulloch, Bedford and others are believed to have given information to the
officers of the law which caused a second visit of the United States marshal
upon the gunboat Michigan, which appeared in the harbor of St. James on the
16th of June, 1856. As soon as he was notified of her arrival King Strang left
his office to pay a call of welcome upon the captain, and as he was passing a
pile of lumber Bedford and another exile named Wentworth shot him in the
back.  It was afterward disclosed that they had come from Mackinac, intending to assassinate him, and had been waiting several days in concealment for
an opportunity. The murderers surrendered themselves to the captain of the
Michigan.  He took them to Mackinac and delivered them to the sheriff, who
locked them up in jail. But the citizens of Mackinac opened the doors, let
them  out and made them the guests of the town. Neither of them was
ever indicted.
Strang lived for nearly a month, and at his request was carried to his
former home at Voree, where his lawful wife, an estimable woman, who had
rejected his "revelations" and refused to join the community, received him at
her home, nursed him until his death and buried him in an unmarked grave in
the village cemetery.  Anarchy followed the removal of the wounded man
from Beaver Island. The stronger members of the colony robbed the weaker,
plundered the treasury and the storehouses and seized whatever they could find
of value, while an invading band of armed men under the leadership of McCulloch destroyed whatever was left. They notified the inhabitants that they
must leave at once, and arranged that the steamer Keystone State should take
them away. When that boat arrived the unfortunate people were driven aboard
like so many cattle. Part of them were landed at Milwaukee and the remainder at Chicago, where they received little sympathy. The mob burned the
tabernacle and part of the royal palace.
Thus ended a fantastic attempt to establish a monarchy within the limits
of the great republic. In 1872 a movement was proposed by L. D. Hickey of
Coldwater, Mich., and a man named Bennett of Cleveland to reorganize the
members of the community for the purpose of bringing claims for damages




GRAND TRAVERSE R EG ION


57


against the state, and Charles J. Strang, the son of the king, then editor of the
Cbarlevoix Journal, was asked to become the leader and representative of his
father's subjects, but he promptly declined to consider the suggestion and
published a letter in which he expressed a hope that the scheme would not
be agitated.
PERSONALS


ARCHIBALD BUTTARS
Pioneer of 1856. President of the Old Settlers' Association 1918.
Was born in Manchester, England, Nov. 21st, 1838.   Came with his
parents to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1850, and to Huron County, Mich., then a dense
forest, in 1852, his father being engaged in lumbering there. Mr. Buttars came
came to "Pine River," now Charlevoix, in August 1856, to Elk Rapids in
December 1856, and has resided in the Grand] Traverse region ever since, at




58


OLD  SETTI, ERS  OF  THE.


Elk Rapids, Traverse City, Northport, and in 1869 became the junior member
of the firm of Fox, Rose & Buttars, locating at Charlevoix, doing a general
mercantile business, and also at Petoskey where they opened the first
store in that city. In 1884 the firm dissolved and Mr. Buttars entered the
banking business at Charlevoix and is now president of the same bank, "The
Charlevoix County Bank," oldest one in the county.
He cast his first vote as a Republican for Abraham Lincoln in 1860, was
Deputy Collector of Customs at Northport in 1865-6, County Clerk of Leelanau county 1868-9, State Senator for the thirtieth district of Michigan 1881-2,
and again State Senator for the twenty-ninth district and president pro tempore
of the senate for 1883-4. Was Lieut. Governor of Michigan 1885-6, when he
retired from politics.
Was married in 1864 in Charlevoix, Mich., to Celia E. Moses who died in
1875 leaving one daughter, now Mrs. Ed. F. Parmelee, of San Diego, Cal.
She has two sons and one daughter. One son is a senior lieutenant in the
Navy and the other a first lieutenant in Coast Artillery. The daughter married
a lieutenant in the Navy. He married again in 1895 Emma C. Blinn of Shelburne, Vermont.
Mr. Buttars claims to be the first owner of Marion Island. In the early
50's he and George Benton, another old pioneer of this region, presented the
claims from the government when Morgan Bates was in the land office, Mr.
Buttars taking the east half and Mr. Benton the west. Mr. Buttars says that
Morgan Bates was somewhat surprised when Mr. Butters walked in the land
office and told Mr. Bates that he wanted to purchase the island. Island No. 10
is the name it went by at that time.  Mr. Buttars plainly sold his claims to
Albert Bacon, who owned it for a number of years.
CAPTAIN FREDERICK L. JOHNSON
Was blrn in Matamoras, Mexico. August 15th, 1829. When 17 years of
age he joined the Mexican Navy, but was soon afterwards transferred to the
land forces under General Zachary Taylor, for whom he acted as interpreter,
being well fitted for the position because of his knowledge of the Mexican
language.
He served in the army until September 7th, 1848, a little more than three
years. He was mustered out of service at Fort Jackson, Miss., and came to




GRAND TR AVE RSE REGION


59


Detroit with Major Robert Forsyth. From there he went to New York,, and
made three trips to San Francisco and return, taking eighteen months for these
voyages, going through the Straits of Magellan on the Warship "Constitution."
Shortly after this time he began sailing on the Great Lakes.
His first trip to the Grand Traverse region was in 1852, when he and Mr.
Whelpley, a government surveyor, surveyed and cut the first road along the
head of East Bay from Traverse City to Five Mile Corners. He visited the
Grand Traverse region several times, but came here permanently in 1856.
In the early 60's he sailed the "Sunny Side," owned by Hannah, Lay &
Company, on Grand Traverse Bay, used in the passenger and freight service.
Later he sailed the "Queen of the Lakes" for Dexter & Noble, of Elk Rapids,
having command of this boat for 18 years. He then retired from marine
service.
A strange coincidence in the lives of Captain and Mrs. Johnson, was that
the Warship "Constitution," on which he sailed after leaving Mexico, was the
same ship converted into a merchant ship on which his wife sailed when she
left her home in Ireland to come to America.  Neither of them visited their
homes after coming to America.
Captain Johnson was of Spanish Parentage and his wife was of Irish birth.
He died on April 2, 1905.
Mrs. Johnson is still living at the age of 82, in the comfortable home
which was built more than half a century ago.
FRANK HAMILTON
Frank Hamilton came to Michigan in 1868. He was born Nov. 24th, 1848,
in the town of Waterboro, York County, Maine. His boyhood days were spent
upon a farm in this quiet New England borough. At the age of sixteen he left
school to enter the dry goods store of his uncle at Saco, Maine. In the month of
May,'1868, he, in company with J. W. Milliken, left home for Traverse City after
engaging with Mr. Smith Barnes of the Hannah, Lay & Co. as salesman in the old
store fronting the Bay, arriving here on the steamer Alleghany the last day of
May, 1868. In the fall of 1873 a co-partnership was formed under the firm name




60


OLD L  SETTLERS  OF  THE


of Hamilton, Milliken & Co., Hannah, Lay & Co. being the company. In the
year 1880 Hamilton and Milliken purchased the Hannah, Lay & Co. interest in
the business and in 1889 the block on the corner of Front and Cass streets was
erected by them. The business was divided in 1897, Mr. Hamilton continuing
in the clothing and Mr. Milliken retaining the dry goods. In 1877 Mr. Hamilton married Miss Eva Rosman, daughter of Capt. and Mrs. A. W. Rosman,
whose home at that time was in Glen Haven, Mich.; both are now living in the
city. Mr. Hamilton is now actively engaged in business, his activities in
public life has always been for the betterment of Traverse City and the surrounding country.:."::: i''  V
ii
J. W. MILLIKEN
James W. Milliken came to Traverse City in the spring of 1868 and entered
the employ of Hannah, Lay & Co. in June together with his companion Frank
Hamilton. He was born in Denmark Maine, May 26, 1848. His early life
was spent in Saco, Maine with small opportunity to secure an education and at
the age of 15 he became employed in a dry goods store in Saco. Mr. Smith
Barnes, manager of the mercantile business of Hannah, Lay & Co., in looking
around discovered two young men-Frank Hamilton and J. W. Milliken in a
dry goods store in Saco, and offered them a position with them, which they
accepted. They remained in the employ of Hannah, Lay & Co. for six years,
when they decided to go into business for themselves and opened a stock in
the Hulbard Bros. building under the firm name of Hamilton, Milliken & Co.
The future of the firm has been given by Mr. Frank Hamilton. In early life
Mr. Milliken became identified with the republican party. In 1897 he was
elected to fill vacancy of state senator and in 1898 he was elected again to that
office-but could not be induced to run again, rather desiring to give his entire
time to his business. Was for many years superintendent of the Congregational Sunday School and much beloved by all the members. He married
June 8, 1881, Miss Callie Thacker, who was born in Ohio Jan. 20, 1858.  Mr,
Milliken died June 19, 1908.




GRAND  TRAVERS E  REGION


61


WILLIAM VOICE
Contributed by Wilbur F, Steele
In the spring of 1851 the little vessel Venus, Capt. Peter Nelson came
into Traverse City.
Martha J. Voice was born in Cook County, Illinois, March 9, 1843, and
came to Traverse City in July, 1851 on the little vessel Venus. On board was
the boilers and machinery for the Hannah, Lay & Co.'s new saw mill. On the
vessel were the following old pioneers of this region. William Voice and wife
with three children, A. Tracy Lay, Frank Hannah, Thomas Cutler, engineer,
James K. Gunton, carpenter, William Rennie, Cuyler Germaine, also a man
and his wife to keep the boarding house. On the way a heavy storm came up
endangering the swamping of the vessel. Some of the men were for cutting
loose the boilers that were lashed on each side of the deck, but the old Captain
wouldn't allow it; he said if they cut one loose they sure would roll over.  He
stuck to his colors and rode out the storm in safety.
Mr. Voice lived in Traverse City one year working for the Company, then
built a mill at the head of East Bay in company with Capt. Peter Nelson,
selling the mill three years later to Green & Holden of Chicago, and moving
to Northport where he built another mill.
Martha J. Voice, one of the three children of Mr. and Mrs. William Voice,
married Wilbur F. Steele at Northport November 15, 1862.  They are living
on their Hillside Farm in the village limits of Northport.  Mrs. Steele is I
think the oldest living resident of Traverse City, and the third oldest of the
Grand Traverse Region, Mrs. Powers being the first and S. E. Wait the second.
WILL S. ANDERSON
On the 19th day of November, 1866, there landed on the dock in Traverse
City a little family consisting of a mother, two little boys and three little girls,
and take it from me, it was a rough trip on Lake Michigan and the Grand
Traverse Bay from Chicago. Father had preceded us about two months and
had built a slab shanty (in what was called Slabtown) and had it all furnished




62


OL6  D  SETTLERS  OF  THE


ready for us, and a happier family I don't think ever came to Traverse City
than the Anderson family in the winter of 1866. Father had written mother to
be in Chicago on the 17th of November as the Steamer Alleghany would leave
that night for Traverse City.  On arriving in Chicago we found that the
Alleghany had broken down and was laid up in Milwaukee and would make no
more trips that fall. What to do we did not know. Mother had never traveled
any at all and we knew no one in Chicago. I, being the eldest, and only fifteen
years old with no experience, mother depended on me.  I finally looked
around and inquired and found that the propeller Dean Richmond would leave
that night for Northport. We got aboard that evening and was on the lake
two nights and part of two days, landing at Northport in the forenoon of
November 19th. That afternoon we boarded the steamer Sunny Side, owned
by Hannah. Lay & Co, and mastered by Capt. Fred Johnson. The bay was
covered with white caps and as rough as I ever saw it. Mother and the other
children were all very much frightened, as well as myself. Well do I remember asking Capt. Johnson if there was any danger and he answered by putting
his hand on my head and saying, "Don't be frightened my boy, I will land you
in Traverse City all safe" and he did, and from that day until his death (almost
50 years) a few years ago, Capt. Fred Johnson was the best friend I had in the
Grand Traverse Region.
Many things have happened in the last 52 years. Some of them I love to
think and talk about, and there are some things I only wish I could forget.  I
had always supposed that my father was the pioneer undertaker of Northern
Michigan, but such was not the case, as Mr. Wait tells me that he made a
coffin April 18, 1854 for William May who was killed in a log jam up the
Boardman River. It was reported when we came here that it was so healthy
here they had to kill a man in order to start a cemetery.
I well remember when our cemetery (or the bodies) were moved from the
old location where the Carnegie Library now stands, to our present Oakwood
Cemetery.
Fifty years ago Will Gunton, (now deceased) older son of J. K. Gunton,
and I were schoolmates and always great chums and were always up to some
mischief, but nothing very bad. One of the worst tricks we ever did, and no
one knew who did it for several years after, was this:  Hulburd Bros. had a
large store (part of it is still standing today) across the street from Steinberg's
store they had an oil shed on the river bank where Steinberg's store now
stands where they kept barrels of oil stored.  At that time there were no
buildings on the north side of Front Street, and very few on the South Side.
One night Will and I took an axe and knocked the head out of two or three
barrels of oil, poured it in the river and set fire to it. A greater sight I never
saw in my life. From the oil shed down to the mouth of the river was a blaze.
The last time Will and I met we had a good laugh over setting the river on
fire.
FRANK E. FISHER
President of the Old Settlers Association of Leelanau County.
Mr. F. E. Fisher the oldest living resident of Glen Arbor Township was
born in the state of Wisconsin, July 3, 1851. His father and mother, Mr. and
Mrs. John E. Fisher and his brother Charles Fisher moved from Wisconsin to
Glen Arbor Township landing there August 3, 1854.
Mr. and Mrs. John E. Fisher and family were the first permanent residents
in Glen Arbor township. Mr. Fisher named the township and Glen Lake, he
was the first supervisor of the township and was the fitst Judge of Probate of
Leelanau County. Mr. and Mrs. Fisher were widely known all over Grand
Traverse Region. Mr. John E. Fisher died at the age of 84 in 1900. Mrs.
John E. Fisher died in 1915 at near the age of 97. Mr. Chas. Fisher, his
brother, died in 1909. Mr. F. E. Fisher is the only one left of the family.




GRAND TRAVERSE


R EGION            63


R. A. CAMPBELL
Pi oneer of 1859
Born in Franklin County, N. Y., January 18, 1840.  Came to Traverse
City in 1859. Brought the first sheep, the first swarm of bees and run the first
threshing machine in Northern Michigan.  Interested in U. S. mail service
before the arrival of the railroad and conducted a passenger and freight stage
service between Traverse City and the following places: Big Rapids, Maristee,
Manistee and Muskegon, Northport, Elk Rapids, Cadillac and Old Mission.
On April 25, 1863 he married Miss Eugenia Steele, daughter of Rev. Salmon
and Adelia R. Steele of Northport. Mrs. Campbell was torn in Springfield,
Mich., May 31, 1843. She gave special time and effort to temperance work
and had been state vice-president of the W. C. T. U. Mrs. Campbell died in
March 14, 1900.


MRS. JOSEPHINE        (GAY) M(RRISON
Born May 5, 149. First white female child born
in Traverse City.


El)WARD) E. MILLER
Pioneer Druggist
Born at ()l Mission November 26, 1847.




64


OLD SETTLERS OF THE


LUCIUS W. CASE
Was born February 12th, 1815, in Gustavus, Trumbull County, Ohio.
Here he grew to manhood, was married to Emeline R. Fitts in 1854, and
reared a large family of children.
On April 25, 1860, Mr. Case left Gustavus for their new Michigan home in
Benzonia, going by rail to Cleveland. At Cleveland they boarded the propeller "Dakota" bound for Frankfort.
The propeller arrived off Frankfort the following Sunday morning but the
lake was very rough and the captain would not run in to make a landing at the
pier. The goods and the family were loaded into scows nearly a mile from
shore and towed to land. Among the possessions was a splendid pair of
powerful young oxen, great long horned "Buck" and "Brin."  Surely they
could not be loaded into the scow with the family, so they were led to the open
gangway and with about a dozen men to help they were shoved overboard
down about twelve feet into the heavy sea that was running with its ice cold
water. It is told that "Brin" caught sight of land as he was carried up on the
crest of a huge wave and immediatele struck out for shore.  "Buck" was not
inclined, but after swimming around the steamer once or twice he gave a terrific
snort and with head and tail erect he started back for Ohio. With a good deal
of difficulty the sailors finally rounded him up and both oxen were finally
landed and for very many years this faithful team  had much to do with the
development of Benzie C(ulitvy.
JAMES G. JOHNSON
Druggist
Born in Oakland County, Mich., November 15, 1860.  Came to Grand
Traverse County with his parents in 1866. After a number of years on the
farm he entered the drug store of E. E. Miller. In 1843 he formed a partnership with Jas. W. Murray under the firm name of James G. Johnson & Co.
Two years later he bought out his partner. In 1893 he erected a brick block
on Front street which has since been the location of the business. On December 14, 1885 he married at Empire Miss Jennie E. Patterson.
Mr. Johnson died March 1, 1904.




GRAND  TRAVERSE  REGIONK  C


65


JAMES K. GUNTON                         SAMUEL K. NORTHAM
i er of 1851                   Pioneer of 1847
Married Miss Henrieta Baxter June 24, 1852,  Was born Berkshire, Mass., December 11, 1824.
aBuil the first hotel in Traverse Cit corner of  He together with A. S. Wadsworth cut the first tree
Front and Franklin streetsrathre (t unton House"  where Elk Rapids now stands and built a saw mill,
afterward known as the Occidental and Cottage  a primitive affair, and utilized the current of Elk
Home. Died July 16, 1903. O               River to operate it, cutting 6060 feet of lumber a day.
Mr. Northam died June 23, 1903.
HENRY D. CAMPBELL
Was born March 31, 1831, in Franklin County, N. Y., where his boyhood
days were spent on the farm summers and attending school winters.      In 1852
he set out for the west, first going to Chicago, traveling on foot, by stage and
livery, he reached Traverse City November 29, 1852. The winter of 1852-3 he
spent in the lumber woods, and in the summer of 1853 filled a tally berth in the
saw mill; for six years following had charge of the office and supply department of Hannah, Lay & Co. as bookkeeper, cashier, etc.      In 1860 he commenced clearing up his large farm near Silver Lake    In 1861 he was appoint'
ed as postmaster of Traverse City. In July 1862, he married Miss Catherine A.
Carmichael they settling in their new   home on Silver Lake.      In 1871 he
bought a home in Traverse City in order to give more attention to the Campbell stage lines operating from Big Rapids on the south to Cheboygan on the
north, with others diverging east and west from Traverse City.    In 1874 he
severed his connection with this service to give his attention to the management of the Campbell House (now Park Place Hotel) which he built in 1873.
In 1881 he obtained a franchise from the village for the use of the streets and
alleys for the purpose of the introduction of a water supply and from  April 1
1882 until the plant was bought by the city in 1900, furnished the village with




66             OLD     SETTLERS          OF    T HE
water for fire protection and domestic use.  In connection with the water
plant in 1890 he installed an electric plant, associating with him in the business
his four sons. Served 12 years as Judge of Probate and when in January, 1893
he turned over the office to his successor he severed by this a continued forty
years service as a public official, as supervisor, treasurer and county officer.
He served at one time on the board of trustees of the Northern Michigan
Asylum, having been appointdd by Governor Pingree.
Mr. Campbell died February 4, 1902. Mrs. Campbell died May 31, 1913.


MICHAEL GAY
Pioneer of 1847
Born Wolf River. Canada, October 15, 1819, died
February 3, 1904. First white settler at Traverse
City. Died Feb. 5,1904.


JOHN BLACK
Born in Scotland 1827, came to Grand Traverse
1858 and bought 160 acres of land in East Bay township. Proprietor of the "Exchange" Hotel on
Front street in the early days of Traverse City.
The "Exchange" was the happy home of nearly all
the young clerks of Hannah, Lay & Co., the only
business house in the village, Died Feb. 3, 1899.


CAPTAIN 0. E. WILBUR
Came with his parents to the Manitou Islands in 1857 and to Northport in
1859. Followed the Great Lakes as sailor since his boyhood. Was born in
Jefferson County, N. Y., in 1853. We well remember him as the genial captain of the "City of Grand Rapids," owned by Hannah, Lay & Co., and on a
route between Traverse City and Mackinaw.
For a number of years he has had charge of the lake freight and passenger
traffic at Charlevoix. He was married Dec. 31, 1883, to Miss Rose Risley of
Northport.




GRAND  TRAVERSE  REGION


67


HON. DEWITT C. LEACH
Pioneer of 1861 and Indian Agent for Michigan
during Lincoln's administration. Born in Clarence,
Erie County, N. Y., November 21, 1822. Married
April 17, 1850, Miss Abigail Comfort. I)ied Dec. 2!,
1909..Mrs. Leach died Jan. 20,1918.


ELISHA P. LADD
Pioneer of 1852
Taught the.irst district school at Old Mission.
Born, Herkimer County, N. Y., May 28, 1819.
Married in New York state to Miss Mary Wilmarth.
Mr. Ladd died Nov. 22, 1898.


WILLIAM RENNIE
Pioneer of 1851
Had charge of Hannah, Lay & Co., lumber
camps for several years. Born in New Brunswick
in 1821. Died March 26,1886.


RODERICK GRAY
Pioneer of 1860
Born in Scotland in 1818. Was sexton of Traverse
City cemetery for many years. Funerals were few
in those days. One day Mr. Hannah on asking him
if he was very busy he replied, "I have not buried a
living soul in six weeks," Died Dec. 18, 1893,




BIRTHDAY PARTY, MARCH 4, 1897
Of Twelve Old Pioneers who knew each other almost 50 years.


Joseph Knizek, pioneer Shoe Maker
Reuben Goodrich, pioneer Good Roads Man
J. W. Robertson, pioneer Carpenter; E. P. Ladd, pioneer School Teacher


H. E. Steward, pioneer Stage Driver
Samuel Anderson, pioneer Undertaker
Perry Hannah, pioneer Banker
J. A. Cook, pioneer Drayman


Wm. Holdsworth, pioneer Book-keeper
Dominic Dunn, pioneer Farmer
Philip Secore, pioneer Lumberman
Thomas Brockway. pioneer Cooper
Photo by S. E. Wait.




GRAND  TRAVERSE


R~ E G I 0 N     69


O
0r _
o                 -
CDf.g
Wreck of the Westmoreland near Sleepy Bear Point in 1854.
Frank E. Fisher tells this story that occurred in the fall of 1854. The propeller
Westmoreland, Capt. Clark, plying between Chicago and Buffalo, was loaded
with barrels of pork, high-wines and oats. She sprang a leak off Little Point
Sable,   northwest and a heavy sea running. She tried to make South
Manitou harbor and when opposite Platte River bay the water in the hold put
out the fire so they headed her for the shore before the wind. There were 34
people on board including the crew. The captain ordered everyone to boats
as the boat was sinking. Part of the crew did not respond to the captain's
orders, having made too free use of the high-wines, and only 17 were saved
including Capt. Clark, Paul Pelky, first mate, and two cabin girls, Kate and
Anna. The life boat containing the 17 people struck shore in Platte River bay.
It was about the llthi of November and some snow on the ground. They built
< i




70


OL D SETT, ER S OF T H E


a fire and remained until morning. Capt. Clark detailed parties to go both
ways on the beach to hunt civilization. A party of two came to Sleeping Bear
Point and there discovered cattle and mule tracks which they followed to Glen
Arbor Bay and came to our house. John E, Fisher and others went to their
rescue and kept them in our home three weeks. Some had frozen feet and
hands, and the men returned following the beach to Northport thence to
Traverse City and from there to their several homes. The two girls stayed
with John E. Fisher and wife.


GRANDPA
TH(MAS B. BROCKWAY
Came to Traverse City in 1862,
over half a century ago.  He
made apple and flour barrels for
Hannah, Lay & Co. in a cooper
shop that stands where the Pere
Marquette depot now stands.
Mr. Brockway died January
20, 1909.


SMITH BARNES
Secretary, treasurer and general imanager of the Hannah & Lay Mercantile
Co., was born in Madison County, N.
Y., in 1827.  Since 1836 his life has
been spent in Michigan. He came to
Traverse City in 1860 and became a
partner in the firm. In 1852 he married
Miss Lucinda M. Hart. She died in
1870.  His second marriage was in
1871 to Miss Catherine K. Clarke of
Geneva, N. Y.
Mr. Barnes died June 19, 1891.




G k A N D  T RAVE R S E  R E G I O N


l   1. Z   -  14 ' 1   B   I   -  a,   ---,   _:            BENEATH MY TREES
By Mirs. AI. E. C. Bales:          The air is full of flashing wings,
Sometimes one hears-sometimes one sees
The green leaves quiver as he singsMy Robin or my Brown Thrush sweet,
Or comes the Vireo, to my feet
Beneath my trees.
The crickets chirp within the grass,
And, drinking flower-wine to the lees,
Great butterflies across me passSwift dragon flies with gaudy wings —
So many dainty flying things
Beneath my trees.
The locusts' arch shuts out the sun,
The oaks stand sentinel at ease;
The cedars, dark as Lebanon,
Give out their spices in the heat,
An altar's incense rising sweet
MRS. M. E. C. BATES                   Beneath my trees.
Pioneer of 1863
born in Northville, Michigan      Without, the great world's fret and fear,
Was born in Northville, Michigan         v.               v
Here good to rest, in sweet degrees,
August 25, 1839.    She was    the   No bird found ever love more dear,
daughter of Mr. and Mrs.     Jesse    Beneath soft wings in sheltered nest,
Cram, whose family moved to Trav-     "The hollow of His hand" doth rest
erse City in 1863. On May 5, 1867,           Beneath my trees.
she became the wife of Thomas T.
Bates, with   whom    she  became
associate editor of the Grand   Traverse Herald and edited     the Home
and Sunshine departments of that paper.  She became a charter member of
the Ladies' Library Association when it was organized in 1869.  The children
of Mr. and Mrs. Bates were George G., who married Miss Mayme Fairbanks,
Mabel who married Carl C. Williams, and Clara. Mrs. Bates died March 23,
1905. Mr. Bates died December 18, 1912.
THE NORRIS FAMILY
The Norris family landed at Elk Rapids June the 12, 1851, from a vessel
loaded with wheat from Racine, Wisconsin.    They brought their household
goods on deck, including two cows and pair work cattle. The vessel being
loaded they had to anchor a long ways out; they shoved the cattle overboard
and landed the goods in an Indian boat. "We thought one of the cows was




72


OL D SETT LERS OP THE


lost, she swam so far out in the bay that we could not see anything of her but
she finally came ashore all right." The family stayed there about ten days
and then came to Traverse City in an Indian boat called the Wah-bi-zee, sailed
by Indian "David." It was an open boat but sufficiently large enough to
carry enough to carry all of them and the goods. They landed at the mouth
of the Boardman liver about 4 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day and
went from there into a block house at the north end of Boardman Lake. They
lived in the block house that winter, and Seth Norris took a logging job of H.
L. & Co. on a forty, now occupied by the P. M. round house. Mr. Norris
bought the land of the government. The next summer John B. Spencer came
and got Mr. Norris to board some men while he got out some flatted timber to
build the first dock at Traverse City. The family stayed there that summer
and the next winter moved to the west side of the bay. On the first day of
May the next summer there was a bridge, a very good one, across the river,
close to where we lived, and a poor wagon road over the Mill creek. A family
by the name of Carmichael and Michael Gay lived there that time.  Our cattle
we did not see anything of until we came to Traverse City, they came there
before we did; the cows stopped at Mill Creek and Mr. Gay and the Carmichael
family were well supplied with milk for they both gave a good mess.
A STORY
Harvey Avery tells this story: We arrived at Old Mission on the steamer
Sheridan, and not having any wharfs or docks as we now have, we threw our
horses and cattle overboard and let them swim ashore, right where the dock
now stands. My father with his eight boys, settled on what was called the
Lookout farm, then an Indian reservation.
One year later my father had occasion to go to the Old Mission and left
me and my brother Sylvanus to do some work on the farm, with instructions
as to just how he wanted it done. After he had left us we decided that we had
a better plan of doing the work and proceeded to do what we considered the
better way.
Upon my father's return, he came out and found that we were not doing
just as he had instructed us, so wanted to know the reason why we were not
doing this piece of work as he had told us to do it. Brother Sylvanus told
father that we had a better plan of doing the work. Thereupon father told us
that he would teach us to do the work as he told us to do,'and took my brother
first and gave him a rousing good tanning. I did not like the way my father
was doing up my brother and made some objection, whereupon my father let
my brother go and took me, putting me through the same course of sprouts.
After father had gotten through with us, he told us he guessed that now
we would do business as he had instructed us, but on the following morning
my brother took what little money he had, and I gave him what little change I
had saved for the past six months, with which I was to have a Fourth of July
celebration, and my brother Sylvanus left the Grand Traverse country, never
returning until 1915. He came back to make a visit for the first time since
leaving in 1853. While here I took him and his daughter out to the old Lookout place, which is now the Howe farm. Sylvanus wanted to know if I could
show him the exact ground where father gave him and me that last tanning, so
I took him to the very spot, which is now grown up with shrubbery, and we
stood upon that memorable spot while Sylvanus called his daughter Belle to
take a kodak picture of him and me standing there together again.




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


73


Asa Hale came to Michigan sixtyseven years ago and settled in Greenville where he married in 1862 Miss
Elmira Kent. He was born in Phelps,
N. Y., May 8, 1833. He enlisted in
Co. D., 21st Michigan Infantry in 1862
and served three and a half years.
Joined the Masonic Lodge in Greenville in 1867 and was Past Master of
the Blue Lodge and Chapter at Greenville and at the time of his death was
standard bearer in the Traverse City
Commandery Knights Templar.     He
was much famed for his skill in playing
on his violin the old familiar tunes and
was much in demand for playing at
social events and even in his declining
years never failed to respond to a call
for his musical services at Masonic
events. Mr. Hale died Jan. 30, 1916.


ASA HALE


I: -
`: i'


Home of the Anderson Girls for over 52 years. The first house built on
the South Side by Samuel Anderson in 1867,




74         O LD  SET TLER S  OF TH E
<~  CZ2
ro


On Grand Traverse Bay




G R A N D  TRAVERSE  REGION


75


THE ORGANIZATION
of the Old Settlers' Association was perfected at ]Elk Rapids March 7, 1883,
with twenty-eight members. They were: Enoch Wait, Jas. P. Brand, R.
Johnson, James J. McLaughlin, Alex Campbell, R. W. Bagot, A. McVicker,
Winsor Golden, Daniel raylor, B. D. Winnie, Justus Beebe, J. M. Goddard,
Joseph Sours, A. O. Campbell, Charles Russel, O. Perry Stocking, Bazil
Sarisin, John McDonald, Isaac F. Daw, John Denahy, John Cameron, M.
Chandler, Lowell Sours, D. B. Scofield, William Gray, Fred Burberry, Chas.
Beebe, M. Swaney. The first regular meeting was held in the Lake View
House the week following March 14.  At this time the following officers were
elected to serve one year: President, John McDonald; First Vice-President,
Alexander Campbell; Second Vice-President, William Copeland; Third VicePresident, Willard Spaulding; Recording Secretary, Lowell Sours, Corresponding Secretary, James J. McLaughlin; Treasurer, John Denahy.
The following list of membership has been made up from written records
which are probably very incomplete, so if any name has been omitted it has
been from lack of proper data in the records. We give the name and year
they settled in the Grand Traverse Region.


Abbott, W. H............. --- ——. —1889
Abbott, Mrs. W. H......... --- —--- 1891
Ackers, L............ --- —------—....1867
Ackers, J. U........... --- —----—..1867
Ackers, Elizabeth G....-..-.. —. 1866
Ackers, Mrs. Martha... ---.......-. 1867
Adsit, Abraham........-.... -.... -- 1853
Adsit, Mary... ---.........1853
Adsit, Mr. and Mrs. Arnold D... -1856
Adsit, W. H............. -—...... - 1878
Adsit, Mrs. W. H.... --- —--------— 1882
Adsley, S..... --- —---  1883
Adsley, John......... ----------—..1883
Adsley, Arvilla -......... -----—...   1883
Ainsley, Gilbert....... --- —-—..1858
Ainslie, L. E.......................-1859
Ainslie, Mrs. L. E.. --- —........1870
Allen, Mrs. Laura L............ ---.1854
Allen, Elba -        ----       1864
Allen, Hattie L. ----------     1864
Allen. Henry L. --- —-----       1862
Allen, Harold L.... --- —-- --—......  1894
Allen, E. P............... --- — -...1870
Allen, Mrs. E, P....-. -----—. - 1869
Aldrich, Capt. A. G..... --- ——.....  1849
Ames, Robert C....... --- —-----—...1865
Amspigler, Mr. and Mrs. Frank.1852
Anderson, George...-...-........ 1876
Anderson, W. H. --- —---— 1867
Anderson, Florence L... --- —... - 1872
Anderson, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel.1866
Anderson, W. H., Sr.... --- —-.......1867
Anderson, W. S........ --- —---—.1866
Anderson, Mrs. W. S. -----------— 1862
Anderson, Jennie E....... --- —-—..1866
Anderson, Angelina P... --- —-—...  1866
Anderson, Marget —     ----     1866
Anderson, Ralph -..... --- ——..... 1881
Anderson, Mrs. Ralph —...... —... 1888
Anderson, H. H..............-...............1883


Anderson, Will H............ — 1885
Anderson, Mrs. Will H..-... --- —. -. 1889
Anness, G. W.........-.... ---.. 1874
Anton, James -. ----.........1882
Arnold, Jared. ---..................1854
Arnold, George W.-..-.... ----... -- 1864
Arnold, Florence.............-1877
Arms, Wm. H...-............ 1876
Arms, Stella Lee (Mrs. W. H.) -1870
Armstrong, Mr. and Mrs. Wm...i-  1862
Armstrong, Leonard.... --- —--—.- 1865
Ashton, Mr. and Mrs. Dr. B. D. _1862
Ashton, Dr. E. L...........-. 1862
Ashton, Mrs. E. L....... --- ——.... 1868
Ashton, Ben R......... --- —--—....1886
Ashton, Frank ---—.............1862
Ashton, Will...... --- —-----—......1862
Ashton, Seth........-...-.......-1892
Ashton, Frank E.................. 1889
Ashton, Georgiaetta (Mrs. F. E.)..1900
Atkinson, Fred -—. -............1866
Avery, Harvey ---........... ----1851
Avery, Fanny W. (Mrs. Harvey)..1870
Avery, Truman --------         1854
Avery, Wm. N.     -------— 1872
Avery, Mrs. Wm. N. —............. 1878
Bagot, Richard W -—..          1857
Bagot, Mary E. (Mrs. R. W.)...-.1873
Bagley, W. D —...................... 1875
Bagley, Emma Pratt (Mrs.
W. D.)-..1855
Baird,  W.  M-........................ 1853
Baird, Mrs. C. S.. --- —-...-......... 1858
Baker, Ellen 0.... —.. --- —--------— 1878
Baker, James J.. —......................
Baker, Leon J.  ---------..1886
Baker, Georgetta M. (Mrs. L. J.)..1884
Baker, Leonard —.................. 1878
Baker, Sims -----—... - ---—. --- —---— 1. --- —— 1...875
Ball,  George   E................................... 1888




76


OLD SETTLERS OF THE


Bannock, Fernand............ ----   1865
Banker, E. W...................... --- —-. —   1901
Banker, Cecilia M...-...-... --- —-.1901
Bartak, Louise.. --- —......... ---—... —.. 1866
Barnes, Eldridge P........ --- —-...1878
Barnes, Amanda........... --- —-   1868
Barney, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph B..1874
Barney, Robert....... ---------—.1874
Barney, Mrs. Robert..... ---.....- 1870
Barlow, Mr. and Mrs. Geo., Sr.-.1867
Barlow, Julia..... --—...... -- — 1867
Barlow, George, Jr....-.............. 1867
Barnes, Smith............. --- —- 1863
Barnes, Mrs. Smith.-.......... ---- 1871
Bartlett, Antoine.-......... --- -- 1874
Bartlett, Lizzie........ --- —--—....1876
Bates, Morgan, Sr.............. --- — 1858
Bates, Clymene Cole (Mrs.
Morgan, Sr.).... ----...... --- —-1858
Bates, Rev. Merritt......... ----..1863
Bates, Ann Eliza (Mrs. Merritt).1863
Bates, Thomas T.-.. —..1-..... -- - 863
Bates, M. E. C. (Mrs. Thos. T.) -1863
Bates, Morgan, Jr........-  ------ 1862
Bates, Clara Doty (Mrs. Morgan, Jr.).................1864
Bates, Clara N....... —........ ------- 1876
Bates, George G.. —.......... --- —-- 1863
Bates, Mayme Edith (Mrs. G. G.).1879
Bate, Elizabeth (Gray)... --- —...   1860
Batey, Joseph -..1.................862
Batey, Irene...-.......... —1862
Baumberger, Chas. A..............-  1872
Baumberger, Friderich........ — -.1868
Baumberger, Mary E..... --- —-. -  1864
Beadle, John T...........-. --- —--— 1857
Beadle, Mrs. Anna T......... —    1899
Beach, Stephen H.... --- —-------
Beaman, Mr. and Mrs. Wm.... —   1866
Beaman, Emma....... --- —----—..1864
Beitner, William.. —......... ---- -1856
Beitner, Mrs. William........ --- —1869
Beck, Mrs. Euramia......... --- —. 1864
Beckwith, Mrs. Lucinda..... —. 1882
Bell, Charles M......... --- —--—...1877
Bell, Elizabeth H............ —. —  1884
Bellinger, Mr. and Mrs. A........ 1867
Bellinger, Adam -.............. ---- 1867
Bellinger, Mrs. A........ ---.. —   1875
Beers, Lanson N.......-.....- -----— 1861
Beers, Eunice B. (Mrs. L. N.) -1861
Beers, Charles M............. --- —— 1861
Beeker, Mrs. Martha S........ --- — 1874
Bennett, William....-...... --- —-----   1876
Bennett, Mrs. William (Stowell).-1861
Bennet, J. L. --- —-          - 1865
Bennett, Anice C --- —----------------- 1880
Bennett, Mrs. Ida.. ----................. --- 1860
Bennett, Frank.   —...... ----1868
Bennett, A. H...-.-  -............. ---   1860
Bennett, Mrs. A. H...-....... --- 1869
Bennett, Mrs. Elizabeth..... ---..   1860
Benedict, Mrs. Fanny D..........-1860
Benson,  A.  V........................
Benton, R. A..... ---. ---...... --- — 1883
Betts, W illiam  A............................. 1863
Betts, Martha J................... ---- 1863
Betts, W. E..............-.......... --- —- 1863


Biermacher, Peter..-..........1884
Biermacher, Susannah K..... —.. -1884
Billings, Julia......- -------—...1879
Billings, E. C.......... --- —---—....1880
Billings, Frances  ----
Billings, Mrs. John D... --- —-......1879
Birmley, Jacob......... -------—.1859
Birmley, Mr. and Mrs. John...-. 1859
Blackburn, Nellie ------—...........1883
Blacken, Anna U............- ----  1900
Blacken, John........ --- —----—.1881
Blacken, Mrs. C. O...... --- ——....1868
Black, John......- -------—.....1851
Black, Edwin............ --- —---—.1862
Black, Peter.......... -------—..1880
Blackman, Mr. and Mrs. James_ -1872
Blackman, Henry... --- —-....... ---1872
Blair, B. B............ --- —---—..1898
Bradgood, E. B.   --------— 1866
Bloodgood, J. 0..... --- —---—....1862
Blue, Mr. and Mrs. George -...1.- 1880
Bonner, E. L.... ---........1 --- —--  -1890
Bonner, Mrs. E. L... --- —----—. ---1868
Boon, Martha E...... --- —-..-......  1868
Boon, George W.-...........-....-. 1877
Boston, A. W........-. ---........ - 1865
Boston, C. A........ --- —-- --—...1865
Bowen, Frank S..... --- —---—.......1873
Bowden, John -—.....1...... -----— 1880
Bowden, Debbie..-.......... --- —- 1869
Brakel, John........ ------- —...1869
Brakel, William......-1856
Brakel, Anna (Umlor)...1.. ---..... 907
Brakel, Christa -—........-... -- 1860
Brakel, Jacob --- —--           1860
Bracebridge, Samuel........ —.. —....1865
Bracken, B. H ---—............-..1886
Briethanpt, Albert...... --- —-.. —...1866
Brand, James P.. —.. ---......1851
Brezina, John J.. ---..-..........  1882
Brezina, Mrs. J. J...... --- —--—......1868
Brinkman, Henrv K............-1852
Brinkman, Mrs. Kezia (H. K.) -. 1852
Brinkman, Alonzo H.. -------—.... - 1850
Brinkman, Eliza Theresa --------— 1856
Brinkman, Eugene J..... --- ——....1858
Brinkman, Lewis A........-........ 1860
Brockway, Mr. and Mrs.
Thomas  B.......................  1862
Brown, F. E........-................ 1866
Brown, E. S ---...............
Brown, George........................-1852
Brown, Henry...................-1866
Brown, Walter.....1............ --- —-- -.1869
Browning, R. C...... --- —-—...... 1866
Brownson, Wm. H. H... ----...... —  1863
Brownson, Mrs. Delia A.........-.1864
Brodhagen, Henry.. —...........1876
Brodhagen, Mrs. Bertha-.. 1876
Broadfoot, Charles A.....-........ 1877
Broadfoot, Mrs. Charles..-.......1885
Brookmayer, Frank.......1868
Brosch, Frank —.....    1852
Brosch, Mrs. Frank -.............. 1856
Bryant, L. G ----—...............  1862
Bryant, G. W -....-.................. 1864
Buck, Chas. K..............-........ 1871
Buck, Mary Knezik (Mrs. C. K.)..1860




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


77


Buckner,  Clair...................................1895
Buckner, Mrs. Clair..... --- —-—...1881
Burberry, Mrs. Silva..-..... —.... -— 1856
Burden, Patrick. --- —--—.........1881
Burden,    Annie...-... —.......-... - 1880
Burns, W illiam   T............................1865
Burnett, S. S.. --- —---------------—. —
Burr, Ammon.................. —.....1853
Buttars, Archibald...-...-....-......... 1856
Butler, Elwood W.. -.......-.. -- 1892
Butler, Hannah.. —....................
Butler, Joseph.. —...........  1868
Button, James  A..............................
Caldwell, Mr. and Mrs. Robert. —1873
Cameron, Mrs. Lizzie F.......... --- 1879
Cameron, Archie.......-...... -- 1865
Campbell, Robert Avery, Sr......- 1873
Campbell, Harriet E. (Mrs. R.
A., Sr.) --...................1873
Campbell, H. D...-..... -..........-...1852
Campbell, Catherine (Mrs.
H. D.). —................1861
Campbell, R. A..................-   1840
Campbell, David R..... —............ 1871
Campbell, Mrs. Eugenia
(Mrs. R. D.)....... --- —--—....1859
Campbell, Emma R.-..........- 1864
Campbell, Alexander -.-..-........- 1855
Campbell, Mrs. Frances E...... --- 1882
Campbell, Julius... --- ——..........   1865
Campbell, Mrs. Julius..-...-.. - 1895
Campbell, Mr. and Mrs.
Henry F................-    1850
Campbell, Wilbur E......... ------ 1882
Campbell, Mr. and Mrs. Frank —.1863
Canniff, Mr. and Mrs. C. B.......-1874
Capron, Willis V.......-.. --- —   1891
Carns, Mr. and Mrs. John....-..... 1869
Carrier, Chauncy C...... --- —-—...1860
Carrier, Mrs. Sarah A...............- 1861
Carpenter, William D..-...-..... -- 1883
Carpenter, Calvin L..... —........-  1886
Carter, D. E..........- --.. -- 1863
Carter, W. M..1865
Carlisle, Albert...... --- —--—.... —
Carver, T. W......... ------—......1902
Case, Rev. and Mrs. A. B....... 1860
Case, W. L........-..........-............1860
Case, James -....-........      1860
Case, C. E-...... - ---  1860
Case, W. N........ —..... ----   1860
Case, Adelaide   --—.............1862
Case,  H.  S..................................   1853
Case, Orin C.. ---.............   1853
Cate, Mrs. Mary L........-........  1866
Cate, S. B...............-.......... 1866
Cate, M. C.....-..........-........   1866
Cedersten, Chas. T....-....... --- — 1881
Cedersten, Emma..............-. 1869
Chandler, D. G.-.........-....... - 1864
Chase, Mary A............-... -- 1879
Chase, Chester W —....................189a
Chase, Abby L. (Mrs. E. E.).... 1873
Chase, Capt. E: E.....-.........  1873
Chase, Elizabeth L. (Mrs. 0. E.)_.1873


Chase, Dr. O. E. ----.................   1873
Chaster,  E. S.-.. —........... -........... 1857
Chaloupka, Frank.... —.......-...-.... —... 1878
Champiurs, E. E...-..-............... 1878
Champiurs, Elizabeth Gilroy. ---..   1865
Chase, Dr. Sara T-................ 1906
Chandler, John -—..... —........... 1889
Chennaux, Wm...................... 1870
Christenson, Erner...... --- —-—...1878
Child, Mary M... -—...... —.......1864
Child, J. R... —................ --- —-1874
Clark, William E..-...... --- —--- -.1864
Cleveland, L. K....-..... --- —-—.. 1880
Cleveland, Mrs. L. K......... --- —-1883
Clyde, H. W.......... --- —---—....1866
Clyde, Thomas H...................   1859
Clyde, G. W -... —...........-1860
Clyde, Mima. C. (Mrs. G. W.) —.-1861
Cochlin, Rev. Demas. --- —-------— 1889
Cochlin, Anna G. (Mrs. D.) -—... -1890
Cole, Mrs. C. A....... --- —--—......1868
Cole, Charles --  --—. ----1867
Cole, H. M..-...-.................. —1882
Colby, Reno C............ --- —--— 1890
Cook, Albert B.... —......... ----.....1871
Cook, Martha A. (Mrs. A. B.). —1884
Cook, Irving L..... --- — --—......... 1878
Cook, Geo. W -—..-...... ------—.  1866
Cook, John A........ --- —--..-...-.  1866
Cook, Matilda A.. ----------------— 1866
Cook, Frank E.. ------------.. --- —-1866
Cook, H. I —....      —... 1877
Copeland, Mary Sivance.....- --— 1852
Corbett, Mr. and Mrs. R. L..........1882
Core, William........-......1861
Core, Mrs. Wm...-...... --- —----- 1867
Corcoran, J. J.........-... -—........... 1890
Courtade, John -... —..............1861
Courtade, Mrs. John N....-......-.   1881
Courtade, John N............-. —   1868
Courtade, Zelia A.. -....... --- 1867
Coulter, George W.... --- —-—...... 1872
Coulter, A. L... --—.........  1871
Covell, George G.-....... --- ——....1881
Craw, Mark A..-.......-.... 1872
Crain, S.........-............ --- —-- —. 1860
Crain, Leslie... --- —---------. —.-1850
Crane, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis..-.. —.. -1861
Crane, A. Howard......-....... -. 1872
Craker, W. A......             1863
Craker, W. A........... ---- -—......1879
Craker, Harriett A.....-.    1855
Craker, Frank.-...........-.......1867
Craker, Geo. H... —............ —.....1855
Crawford, C. A....................
Cram, Jesse..-..........  1863
Cram, Hannah Pearson (Mrs.
Jesse).-....................1863
Crissey, C. A.....-..-................   1877
Crissey, Mrs. C. A. ---..   1878
Crisp, Adelbert H..... —.... — —.... 1868
Crisp, Cora B....-......... --- —-.-.  1863
Crisp, William....-........-.... 1868
Crisp, Mary E... -.....1..... --- — —. 1 868
Cronin, Cornelius... ---...........   1864
Cronin, Catherine......-...-......1855
Crotser, Mr. and Mrs. J. 0.-........1891
Crum, Mrs. Dora Hoxie..-.......... 1867




78


OLD SETTLERS OF THE




Culman, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob.......1882
Culver, Mrs. Cora L. (Wait)......
Curry, Mary C........ ---......-..... -- 1869
Curry, Wm............... —.. -.......1860
Curry, W. N........... —.......... —. -   1870
Curtis, Mr. and Mrs. Harvey -—.. 1867
Curtis, Ashley B.-.    ---.1892
Curtis, Fred D....-..-....-....   1889
Curtis, Lulu -.....-... -... - 1872
Curtis, Mrs. Phebe J..-........   1864
Cutler, Thomas, Sr....-..............- 1851
Dalzell, Mr. and Mrs. John..-1.... 866
Dame, Mrs. George.-... --- —......  1859
Dame, E. F. --- —--------—.. --- —......  1841
Dana, Mrs. Rose Swaney..-..1...... 850
Darrow, S. C........-....-....-..- 1865
Darrow, Mrs. S. C...-..............   1870
Darrow, William H-... —......... --- — 1885
Darrow, Mrs. W. H.....-......-..-..-...1899
Darrow, Edward........-......... -- 1895
Darrow, Mrs. Edward... --- —-...  1905
Davis, Mr. and Mrs. E. V..... ---..  1866
Daw, Isaac F. --- —----------—. — 1851
Dawson, Mr. and Mrs. John..-..-1866
Davey, Albert D... —........... -..1868
Davis, Mrs. Ruth..........-....... -   1852
Dayton, Clinton L.............-   1892
Day, D. H.... ---................1878
Day, Mrs. D. H........-.........   1873
Dean, Walter W........... --- —----- 1884
Dean, Mrs. Walter W.... --- ——...   1884
Dean, James R.............-....... —....1858
Dean, Mary E........-........... - 1850
Dean, S. P.-................... 1857
Decker, Wm. G. Bond, M. D......-...1910
DeGraw, Mrs. W. E.....-...............
DeGraw, Mrs. Sarah B.. ---... ---.-   1864
DeGraw, George E... —.... 1864
DeGraw, Isaac..-..-......-......... 1834
Deitz, Amos M.-..... --- —-. ---.....  1845
Denton,  Chester.............................1868
Dipley, Mrs. Chas....-...-.-..........1868
Despres, Mrs. Margaret Gray.-..1860
Despres, S. C.. --- —.............1. — -1866
Despres, Mabel W..-. ---..... ----- 1886
Despres, Mrs. Arthur C... --- —..... 1867
Despres, Arthur C.........   1872
Dexter, Wm. ----     ---.1866
Dexter, Mrs. Wm. M... —.............  1867
Dickerman, Joseph W.. --- —--—. — 1866
Dingman, Richard.. ---.......... — 1862
Dobson, A. S........-.......  1882
Duncon, J. 0................. --- —--   1898
Duell, F. L...... —.......-...........1873
Duell, Ella I...-.....-.............-.  1863
Duell, A. L......-..................... 1873
Dugal, Mr. and Mrs. Peter..... 1865
Dunn, Dumerick..-..-........... 1851
Dunn, Fred -....-... ------------------
Dunn, Anna M -—...................
Dunn, Valentine...-................... 1865
Dunn, Isabella McGarrv (Mrs.
Val) --.......................-1861
Dunn, Mr. and Mrs. John...-.......  1854


Dunlap, Mr. and Mrs. A. B...-....- 1860
Donner, Rosetta H.......... --- —
Dohm, Henry Sen. -----—...1854
Dougherty, A. K.. --------- -------— 1868
Dougherty, John ---— 1880
Donaldson, Austin.... —........   1874
Durga, W. R....-................ 1861
Dye, Chas. B.-.....   1882
Dye, Mrs. Chas. B..-1868


Earl, Frank A.. 1.. --- —------------— 1891
Eastenight, Philip 1........ --- —--— 1.854
Ebner, Chas.  J.................... 1888
Ebner, Georgia (Mrs C. J.).......1888
Ebner, William   H................ 1889
Ebner, Hester (Mrs. W. H.).......1883
Edgecomb, Chas. A......................
Edgecomb, Caltia J. ---—...... ----
Edington, Hannah P..........-..   1896
Egeler, Philip. --- —----—..1860
Egeler, Orrilla. —.......................
Eiman, Joseph.....-........................ 1876
Eiman, Elenor —............- 1877
Elder, V......................-...1872
Elder, A. E ----........ 1872
Eimlaw, Mrs. Mable A..-................. 1889
Emory,  Capt.  E.  T........................
Emory, Capt. J. W.................
Emory, Mrs. Nancy........-....1854
Emory, Capt. Hiram. --- —.. --- —-— 1854
Emerson, Wm. C....... --- —------ - 1845
Ennis, John G. --- —----— 1865
Ennis, Lavinia A................
Ernst W. S......... --- —-------- 1854
Ernst, Mrs. W. S.. —.....................
Ernest, Mrs. Emma V................
Estes, C. E. --- —-----— 1863
Estes, Mrs. Chas.....-...................... 1864
Evens, Edward A. --------—...... ---- 1881
Evans,  Nettie  F...............................  1896


Fairbanks, Zelotes Cornelius..-. 1867
Fairbanks, Eunica Grant (Mrs.
Z. C.)......... ----...............1879
Farrow, Samuel...............
Fasel,  M innie   A.................................1879
Feiger,   Philip........................... 1879
Feiger, Mrs. Grace............................
Fett, Derras.......-... --- —...1872
Felt, Mrs. Estella............ 1864
Filmore,   E.....................................1860
Fife, Wm. H...-...........-........ 1854
Fisher,   Eugene 1............................. 875
Fisher, Mr. and Mrs. John E...-...1854
Fogarty, Patrick.. ---........ ---..- 1868
Foote, William R. ---... —............ 1883
Foote, Mrs. Grace Hastings..-...188?
Forest, Mrs. Augusta Avery....- 1863
Forton, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew. —1881
Foster, Augustus ---—..................1863
Foster,  E...................................   1863
Foster, Thomas.............. 1877
Fowle,  W illiam......................1.....1854




GRAND TRAVERSE REGION




Fowle, John.................1874
Fowler, F. S................. —...
Fowler, Curtis, Sr.......................1 856
Fowler, Curtis, Jr. -—............-1856
Fowler, Louise (Selden), Sr.. —.....
Fowler, Marguerite P............. 1862
Fowler, Herbert W...........
Franke, G... ---—...... -     1870
Fralik, Mrs. G. W....... 1893
Franklin, Wm. J..... --- —--—.......1858
Franklin, Lucy —.... ---.........-....1865
Franklin, John M.......-.-. —. --- — 1865
Franklin, Mrs. John M... --- —.. -- - 1855
Franklin,  M rs. E. M.........................1890
Franklin,  E.  M...................................1891
Franklin,  Harry-.. —................
Frazer, C. W --..... --- -.......... —1875
Freeman, Kasson......... —.....  1861
Friedrich, Mr. and Mrs. Frank.-1872
Friedrich, Frank, Jr...-.........-.... -  1872
Friedrich, Mrs. Emma Breck -..-1864
Friedrich, A. V.....-... —..... --— 1873
Friedrich, Mrs. A. V.-. --- —.... --- - 1885
Fuller, Sanford..... —.. --- —.......  1863
Fuller, Mrs. Sanford --—.. ---1864
Fuller, W. R. --- —-------—.. -------- 1863
Fuller, Mattie C. ----....-..-........... 1879
Fox, Lyman P...........- -1879
Fox, Sarah E....-..... --- —-.1879
Fox, Geo. R......... ------ -—....  1871
Fox, Mrs. Geo. R. --- —-----—. --- —Fuller,  Sara........................................1866
Furtsch, George...........-................1866
Furtsch, Antonia. --- —--—.. ---- --.1866
Furtsch, Frank. --- — —. --- —--—..   -1896
Furtsch, John -—.. —..-......-...1883
Furtsch, Jeanette ---—. —. ---.....1883
Furtsch, Jacob —. —.............1878
Furtsch, Ferdinand ---................ -


Gibbs, L. K......-.... —..-......... ---  1867
Gibbs, Mary A. ---------.1888
Gibbs, James L.-............... --- 1871
Gibbs,  Addie  A...-.........- - -................1883
Gibbs, Harry....................-......1878
Gillis, John................ —  1863
Gillis, Mary E. (Mrs. John)....- 1858
Gillis, Tracy H.. --- —------—. --- —1872
Gilroy, Edward..........1865
Gilroy, Mrs. Edward..-..1875
Gilbert, Ed L. -----------— 1899
Gilbert, P. C. 1 --- —--------  -1867
Gilbert, R. Emma...-...........1870
Gill, H. E. -.1 --- —----.. --- —----------— 1864
Gill, Wm..-............... --- —---..1855
Gill, J. C....... --- —- -------—.. --- —1868
Gill.  M artha -.................................  1855
Goddard, John M...-............-........... 1855
Goldfarb, Samuel —  ---—. —
Goldman. Sol..-...... --- —---------- 1880
Golden,  W indsor............................... 1856
Golden, Mrs. W ---....................-1863
Goodale, Dr. and Mrs. D. C..........1852
Goodale, A  nes  E..............................1853
Goode,   W illiam.................................1870
Goodman, John.........-............... 1893
Goodman, Ada F. (Mrs. Tohn) -161866
Goodrich, Mr. and Mrs. Reuben..   1860
Gore, Homer..............................-  1866
Grant, Mr. and Mrs. John F...........1857
Grant, Win. F........-........................ 1857
Gray, Mr. and Mrs. A. P.............- 1868
Gray, Walton L. —               1892
Gray,  Roderick.............................  1860
Gray, Mrs. Alex. McKay...-...  1860
Gray,  Jam es...............................
Gray, Robert -----.................... 1856
Gray, Roderick T., Jr. —. ----. — - 1860
Gray,   N ettie..................................   865
Gray, Mrs. Martha.............-....1883
Grum, Frank, Sr.                1877
Greeno, Mr. and Mrs. L. F.....-1-.. 1861
Greeno, William............-.1861
Greeno. S. E....-....... --..............-.1861
Greilick, T. E...................-.. --. 1856
Grei'ick, Nancy C. (Case).......
Greilick, C...1...........    1870
Greilick,  john..............  1856
Greilick, Edward.. —.....-_ --- —--- 1856
Greilick, William.......-................-.. 1856
Greilick, Anthony --..... ----   1856
Greilick. Walter E. -- -        1867
Grubb, F.  R. --- —-- --—. ----. ----1 --- —. -1 893
Gustine, Annie --—. --- —   1......-860
Gunton,.ames K................... -...1851
Gunton, Charles R. -            1871


Gage, L. H.. --- —......... 1868
Gage, Mrs. L. H........-......-.. 1870
Gallagher. Tohn..... - -........... 1891
Gannett, Willard C.. --- —---------— 1884
Gannett, Mary J.. ---...........1884
Garland, Charles -....... —.....1851
Garland, Samuel..........
Garthe, Isaac --     -----       1867
Garthe, Steiner C... ---.. —.....-  1868
Garthe, S.. ---... -—. --- —---—...1872
Garwick, Peter.. —..... —....... — 1861
Gardner, Perry H....... —.-......-. -   1861
Gardner, Arvilla Tompkins —.... -1863
Gardner, Claribel Hannah-.. —... ---
Gates, Alfred.. ----. ---.-.- --—. -1~64
Gauntlett, Mr. and Mrs. T. WV.. —..
Gomp, Mr. and Mrs. Michael...-  1847
Geer, Myron.-................ --- —-  1848
Germaine, Cuyler -—.............. -- 18.51
Germaine, Mrs. C.... —... --- —-1854
Getchell, Chas. F. --- —-— 1861
Getty, J. G............-.- - -   1870
Gibbs, A.... ---.....-...-........1872
Gibbs, Laura  D........................   1882


Hale, Mr. and Mrs. Asa-..-...... 1891
Hale, T ouise............-.............. 1891
Hale, Chas. E..... ----          1892
Hale, Josephine V. --- —------------—. 1887
Haller, Paulus........-...................... -- 1877
Haller, Mary P......................-....1871
H all,   C.   L....................................... 882




OLD  SETTLERS  OF  THE


Hamilton, Frank........ _ --- —-—. --- —--—. —1.865
Hamilton, Eva R. (Mrs. F.) ---. ---
Hammond, Finley M.... --------—..1867
Hammond, E. J...........-. --- —----- 1863
Hammond, Mrs. E. J........... —... 1861
Hammond, Clinton A... —........ -- 1867
Hammond, Catherine.... ------—....1867
Hamlin, Mr. and Mrs. J. R.. ---— 1885
Hannaford, C. A... --- —...........-1866
Hannaford, Hellen S..........-... 1866
Hannah, Perry......... -------—.1851
Hannah, Ann Amelia (Mrs. P.)-.1852
Hannah, Julius T.. --- —----------— 1858
Hannah, Mrs. Laura (Beers)... ---1861
Hacker, John............ --- —-...1868
Hans, Mr. and Mrs. E. J... ---....  1870
Hanson, Homer A........ --- —--—...1894
Hanson, Mrs. Homer A. ---—..... 1870
Hanson, Mr. and Mrs. Louie --—.-1864
Hanika, Chas. B. --- —--------------
Hanslovsky, Chas. H.... ----—.....1880
Hanslovsky, Mrs. Chas. H.... —.. 1870
Hanslovsky, Mrs. F...........-..-.. 1855
Hanslovsky, Victoria..... --- ——..  1890
Hanslovsky, Emma R.....-.... ----1891
Hanslovsky, Marie A.-... --- —-- 1893
Hanslovsky, Julius A............- - 1895
Hargraves, John A...... -------—....1863
Hargraves, Geo. W........ --- —-—. 1862
Hargraves, Mrs. M. C.....  —. 1863
Hargraves, Malcolm-    -........1875
Hardy, E. S.......... --- —----—....1866
Harkness, Henry...........- ----— 1868
Harren, Geo. S........ --- —------—...
Harrwood, A. W.... --- —---—.....1868
Harrwood, Mrs. A. W.-...-... ---   1870
Harsha, H. S. —.-.......-..-...  1873
Harsha, Wm. F......... --- —-—.....
Harrison, Upsall    -— 1857
Harrison, Rebecca..... --------—....1857
Haskell, M. E........ --- —-----—..1872
Hastings, E. W.......-...... --- —--- 1864
Hastings, Sarah E. (Mrs. E. W.).1861
Hastings, Ralph S..... --- —-—.....1876
Hastings, Ethel Hoxie (Mrs.
R. S.)........... --- —----- - 1878
Hatch, Corneli.-............... ---- 1866
Haviland, Joseph B.1......... --- —-1864
Haviland, Mrs. Joseph B.-.-...1864
Haviland, A. J.-.1............ --- —-— 878
Haviland, Frances G. (Mrs.
(A. J.).1................ --- —- -1877
Hawkins, Mrs. Jane E..-...-...... - 1857
Harvey, Geo. E.... —.............. --- 1902
Heath, Helen A........ --- — -—.... 1853
Heath, Willard.......-. --------—...1866
Hedden, Mr. and Mrs. Geo... ----. 1866
Hedden, Fred F............ ----... — 1866
Hedden. Ella Adsit (Mrs. F.)..-. 1858
Helm, Albert J.....................1883
Hess, Wm. M.-.. —.......-....... -- 1865
Hess, Hannah M. (Mrs. W.).....1865
Hess, Mr. and Mrs. Chas.........-.   1865
Hewett, Salma M...... --- —---—....   1882
Hewett, Eva A.-....... —....  --- 1880
Heuss, Mrs. Alice Lee..-.......... 1855
*Hill, H. H.....................-.....1882


Hilbert, James     ----       -.1885
Hinshaw, Mr. and Mrs. Z. E... —1881
Hitchcock, Thos. A.. —..........1852
Hitchcock, Helen G. (Mrs.
T. A.)......-.............. --- — 1853
Herrington, Daniel-...1...1..........1876
Herrington, N. W..... --- ——.....  1867
Hobbs, Rowland     ----        1869
Hobbs, Mrs. Rowland -—...... —.1869
Hobbs, Wm. J... —... —..-..-.............1869
Hobbs, Flora Campbell (Mrs.
W. J.).........- --------- 1866
Hobbs, H. L -------—........... - -1878
Hobbs, Mrs. Mary E. --- ——....... 1859
Hobart, Mr. and Mrs. A. S. ---..   1900
Holdsworth, Mr. and Mrs. Wm...1858
Holdsworth, Clementina.... --- —---- 1858
Holdsworth, John D.... --- ——.....   1858
Holdsworth, Willard W.... --- —.   1872
Heimforth, Mr. and Mrs. Fred...1850
Heimforth, William ------—......... 1856
Heimforth, Philip -----— 1......... - 1869
Heimforth, George —..........1... ---- 871
Holdsworth, Mary (Mrs. W. W.) 1897
Holdsworth, Dr. Frank ---—.... -.   1875
Holdsworth. Agnes (Mrs. Frank) 1876
Holmes, Mr. and Mrs. John._. --- —
Hogan, Mr. and Mrs. Edwin C. —
Hogan, Wm.       -----
Hohnenbery, Joseph -.. ---1 --- —--— 1868
Holley, M. B. --- —-----        1863
1Hollister, M. D....... --- —---—.....1887
Hollister, Mrs. M. D......... --- —-. 1880
Hopkins, Alonzo F... —1... -------— 1863
Hopkins, S. E.. --- —1863
Hopkins, Mrs. Mary... --- —-----— 1875
Hopkins, Robert ----------     1855
Hopkins, Susan (Mrs. R.) -...-... 1855
Hopkins, William --- —1857
Hopkins, Jane A. (Mrs. Wm.) —__1866
Hopkins, John ---      ---      1856
Hornsby, Lee.... --- —-----—........ 1883
Hornsby, Mrs. Lee..... --- ——.....1891
Horton, Mr. and Mrs. John S.. —.1864
Horten, I illian M. ----------------— 1864
Horton, Warren E. -----------—....1864
Horton, Mrs. Warren E.......... ---  1871
Horton, C. E.... --- —--------------— 1862
Howard, C. C..-..... -----—.....  1864
Howard, C...- - ------------—.. —1861
Howard, Mary M. --- —--— 1861
Howard, A. F...-.1 ----. --- —------- 1861
Howard, H. D........ --- —----—...   1860
Howard, Orpha J...... --- —--—.....  1861
Howard, Catherine. --- —--------—.-1861
Howell, Wm............ --- —-- —..1858
Howell, Henry........... --- —--- -..1858
Horen, Mike..... — -------- -...... ---1854
Holliday, Dr. G. A.......... --- —-.1886
Holliday, Jenifor F. (Mrs. G. A.)..1865
Holliday, Mrs. J. E.... --- —-—..... 1887
Hooker, Wm. H...... --- —--—.......1865
-Hooker, Wm. H.. --- —-------—..... 1866
Hooker. Myrtle....... --- —-—....1876
Hoxie, Mr. and Mrs. Alonzo..-..-1868
Hoxie, Mr. and Mrs. Leonard -... 1864
Hoxie, Charles A.-.... —......  1864




GRAN D TRAV


ERS  REGION


81


Hoxie, John.......    —. --- —..1864
Hoxie,  A.  T...................... —. 1864
Hoxie, Orrin........... ---------- - 1867
Hoxie, D. F..-........... —.... — 1869
Hoxie, Mrs. D. F.... --- — 1867
Huellmantel, Nicholas J.........-.   1872
Huellmantel, Margaret....-.....1872
Huellmantel, Julius M.... --- ——....1872
Huellmantel, Theresa B...-.. ----.. 1863
Huellmantel, Alphonso -—.......... 1872
Hughes, George.. --- —........-.. 1856
Hulme, William....-.............-1861
Hunter, Chas...... ---................1893
Hunter, Lucy (Mrs. Chas.).-1..... 893
Hunter, C. F...-....-.. -......... - 1893
Hunter, Gertrude J. (Mrs. C. F.)..1895
Hunter, Mrs. Julia S...-.... --- —-- - 1891
Hurlbert, Richard. —..1. ----.. ---..1- 864
Hurlbert, Agnes....... --- —-—......1864
Ingersoll, Wm.............-... -... 1880
Tngersoll, Mrs. AWm.. --- —-- —.....188?
Irish,  Earl...-.............1890
Irish, Adelia A......... -------—.. —1874
Irish, Mrs. Albert. --- —--- —. --- —-.1890
Irish, Albert............-...1. ---- 1890
Jackson, Ancil H...... --- —--—.....1875
Jackson. Mrs. Ancil H... --- ——. - - 1862
Jaslin, L. G...-...... --- —----—....1854
Tennings, M. B....-..........1.. --- —- 866
Tennings, Mrs. Eliza J..... -----—..1866
Jennings, Bartin...... --- —---—...1873
Johnson, Capt. Frederick...-...... 1852
Johnson, Mrs. Frederick.........-.... 1856.ohnson, Mrs. Julia......-..... ---- 1889
lohnson, Tulius..-...........-...  1892
Johnson, W. W......... --- —-----------—..
Tohnson, John A   ----—.. --- —------- 1867
Tohnson, Mrs. H. H................ 1878
Johnson, H. H.... —. --- —---
Toint, C. L. --—... - - -------.1880
Tones, Tohn ----................1872
Tones, E. S....... --- —-----—..... -1882
Judson, Maud -..............
Judson, E. B.. ----....................
Kuemin. Mrs. Jennie.-.-.........
Kahrs, C. H........................-1852
Kahrs, Claus W....-..........  1860
Kahrs, Mrs. V. H...... --- —--—.....   1902
Kahrs, J. H........... —...-... --- —Kahrs, John -.....-     --.............
Keel, John....-............. --- — --- 1864
Kehoe, Mrs. Josephine.......... -.
Kehoe, James..-..........-.. --- 1892
Keilsick, James —.....................1874
Kellogg, A. E.......-..1......... 1899
Kellogg, Frank..-.....................1860


Kelley, John..-...... ---....-. —...1866
Kelley, Ruth B. (Mrs. John) -—... 1867
Kenney, Cora (Mrs. W. P.)..... 1866
Kenney, W. P........-...... --- ——..1867
Kenney, Lysander...... ---------—...1864
Kenney, Susan... --- —----------—. —1868
Kane, Robert W............... 1882
Kennedy, J. L..............-......1889
Kersey, F. J...... —........ --- ——.... 1881
Keyes, S. A..........-.. --- — -—...- 1868
Keyes, Mrs. S. A.... --- —----—......1871
Kilbourne, George B..... --- ——... - 1882
Kilbourne, Hattie May.... --- —-...  1892
King, Miss C.. --- —--
King, Mrs. Kittie C. Belle --—. ----1863
Kingsley, S. M....... ------—...... 1866
Knaggs, Willis B.-............. —.   1868
Knaggs, Robert      ----        1868
Knaggs, Ella Robert... --- —.....  1868
Knaggs, Mrs. Harriet Robert-..-. 1868
Kneeland, Dr. Charles J...... --- — 1872
Kneeland, Mrs. Estella (C. J.).-1873
Knight, Agnes................1868
Koch, Lorenz........ --- —----—.1870
Koch, Mrs. Barbara.-...... ----.... 1870
Koch, Mrs. Clara Emery......-. 1894
Koch, Herman...........-....... 1870
Kratochvil, Frank —.. -......1-......-1 854
Kratochvil, Mrs. Anna -—.........- 1854
Kratochvil, Wencle —.... --- —-—...1854
Kratochvil, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. E. 1902
Kratochvil, Enoch — —............... 1854
Kratochvil, John -......... — —.. 1854
Kratochvil. Frank, Jr... --- ——....1854
Krubner, Toseph... —....... — --—... 1855
Krubner, Mary................ ------ 1855
Krussell, Oscar F.. —.............. --- 1875
Kuemin, Joseph C...... --- ——.....1870
Kyselka, Alice —. --- —--------------
Kyselka, John........- -..........1856
Kyselka, Frances.. --- —....... —.....1886
Kyselka, Prokop 1........... --- —— 1 856
Kyselka, Harry B., M. D.-...-.... 1877
Kyselka,  Otto  --------------- ---------------—.
Kyselka, Lucvy. ----...............
Kyselka, Abbie......................
Lacore, Mr. and Mrs. Marion —.. 1862
Lacore, Dr. J. 0.-................ —1870
Lacore, Mrs. Addie —.-1... ----1. - 895
LeFontsey. A. D...-..............  188!
Ladd, Elisha P......- ------—.......1852
Ladd. Mary Wilmarth (Mrs.
E. P.) -—.................. 1852
Ladd, Emmor 0. -.....    - 1853
Ladd, Agnes D. -..... 1884
Lamb, Mrs. Wm.-...... --- —--. —...-1872
Lang, Mrs. Dolly (Wyncoop) --— 1901
Langworthy, H. A..-1 —.....-.. — 1852
Langworthy, Anne...-...........1866
Lardie, George W...- —......................1859
Lardie, Mrs. George W......
Lardie, Mr. and Mrs. George..........1859
Lardie, Mr. and Mrs. Euseba.....1..872
Lardie, Arthur.. —....-............... 1872




82        O L D SETT ER S OF T H E


Lardie, Claytonl -—..............1884
Larkins, Mr. and Mrs. John M.. 1880
Lather, Mr. and Mrs. George --—.1891
Lothwell, Harry. --- —-----—.......1878
Lothwell, Mrs. Harry:.. ---........-1872
Lewis, Dr. Z.... --- —--------—... -
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Ferdinand.1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. John -----— 1.. 865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph. —.1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Frank.. —. 1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Edward.- 1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Stephen-..1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Antonia..1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs.
Wensel, Sr......... --- —---—....1865
Lautner, Wensel, Jr.-.-....- ----- 1864
Lautner, Edward...... --- —------—... 1867
Lautner, Emil G........ --- —--—....1878
Lawrence, George H...-..-....
Lawton, Frederick P.... --- —--—.... 1898
Lay, Tracy A......... --- —---—....1851
Leach, Dr. M. L..... --- —--—.......  1860
Leach, Mr. and Mrs. D. C. ----1. ---1865
Leavitt, Roswell... — ----—......... 1875
I,ee, Z. S.... --- —-------------— 1869
Lederle, Nellie. --- —--.. --- —-. ----1862
Leggett, H. P. ------------—.......1878
Leggett. Alma........ --- —- --—..... 1878
Lee, William  H........ --- —--— 1... 176
Lee, John A.. --- —-------       1856
Lee, James......... --- —--------—..... 1855
Lee, L. S........... --- —----—.  1869
Lemcool, H. J.......... --- —----—...1875
Lemon, Ella —       ----.1873
Lemon, James. ----     -------- 1861
Lennox, James J.....-1..... --- —---— 1861
Lennox, Ellen... --- —------—..- — 1913
Lewis, Dr. Levi    --------— 1869
Lewis, R. K... --- —--------—.. — 1882
Lewis, Norman -..   -—...... —.. —1863
Lewis, Horatio B. --- —----—. ----___1869
Liddy, Kathleen E. Vlack —....1... 885
Litchfield, Lucius C. --— 1... -----— 1869
Litney, A... —........ ----. --- — 1868
Loucks, Mr. and Mrs. George -—.1857
Loucks, Bruce. —        --    - 1890
Loucks, Mrs. Bruce........ ---- -—. 1895
Loudon, William —.......-........- 1872
Loudon, Mrs. Wmi.. --- —--—.......  1851
Loveday, Douglas C...... ----------— 1883
Love, William......... --- —---— 1886
Love, Agnes (McDonald)..... ----1867
Lutman, George D........-..-....-. 1859
Lutman, Addie Brockway.-...-.. 1863
Lyon, Merritt L......- -------—....1913
Lyon, William....... --- —---—..... 1881
Lyon, Mrs. Myrtle E.... -1... --- —1883


McGarry, Stephen -......-..... --- —-- 1861
McGarry, Mrs. Bridget.. -----—.. — 1866
McGarry, Mr. and Mrs. Michael.1866
McGarry, Stephen —........1.......-1866
McGarry. Mrs. S................... 1860
McGinnis, Jane.............-..1852
McGinnis, Tack..-. --- —------- -----—.... 1852
McIntyre, M. H...............-. ---- 1877
McIntosh, Mr. and Mrs. John —... 1879
McKidnier, Neil.. ---... -.......... — 1870
McMachen, William ---—.....-.....1867
McMichael. Mr. and Mrs. S. H. -1887
McManus, T. D.. --- —-------------— 1866
McManus, Ray E...... --- —--—.....  1884
McManus, Mrs. Harriet M.....-.. 1895
McMullen, Mr. and Mrs. D. H..-186~
McNamara. Edward -.............1881
McNulty, Stanley.1896
McNulty, Nellie Sheridan-ll -..... 1866
McLaughlin, James J.-......-......  1851
McLaughlin. Marie A......   __.-. --- —-1856
McRae, A. D. -. --- —--------------.1858
McRae, Mrs. A. D.. --- —--—.... -1867
McWethy, George W\V....- --—. 1882
McWethy, Hattie....- -- --— 1.....1 853
Maakestad, Rev. John Johnoson.. 1889
'Maakestad, Caroline M.-....-..-.   1889
Maddison, E. V... --- —-------------- 1884
Manville, W. H.......... --------- 1882
Manville, Phebe. --- —--------------— 1882
Marshall, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. A..1864
Marshall. John D. --- —------—.. --- 1864
Marshall, Dellia Eiman. --- —--— 1878
Masters, Bertha Curtiss... --- —-.1868
Mason, Alexander -..............1...859
Mason, Fred D.... --.. --- —-—... —1863
Matheson, Peter.. --- —--—. --- —--— 1866
Matchett, Robert ------------------— 1867
Matteson, Capt. Daniel...... --- —.1864
Mattison, Mrs. Daniel.. --- —-----.1862
Maynard. A. J.1............. --- —-— 1 893
Matzen, Mr. and Mrs. John P..-1883
Markham. Mr. and Mrs. Jas. \W.1874
Martin, George F...-........ — 1859
Martinek, Mr. and Mrs. J. N.-..  1876
Martinek, Jas. S.............-..... ----1883
Martinek. Frank... ---- -—..1..1 871
Marvin, William A. --- —--        1887
M arvin,  M artha  M.............................1882
Marvin, Fletcher  D. 1....................... 882
Marvin, Julia..........1.... --- — ---- 887
Matchett, Robert.... --- —----------- 1867
Meads, Mrs. Isabelle Gunton-.. -1874
Mears, William.................-...A......1868
Mebert, William............ ---1854
Mebert, Mrs. William      ----    18.9
Mebert, Henry T. —............- 185.5
Mebert, Dr. A. VW...........- - -187.3
Mehert, Roscoe M...... ----  ---- 19..9..)
Mebert, Estelka Helen.. ---- - —..1897
Mebert, Mrs. Martha --..-    1874
M errill,  T.  R................................... 1858
Merrill, L. A.... ---— 1 --- —.. --- —— 18 44
Middleton, Joshua..-..................   1856


McColl, Mrs. Emma J......
McColl, Angus. --- —---
McCormick, J. M. --- —
McDonald, Simon VW..... ---
McDonald, John.... --- —---—..
McDonald, Mary McKeand
(Mrs. John)...-....... —... -
McEvan, Mrs. Martha A,.,..


-...-   1890
-. 1889
—..-. 1902
1862
-—..  1852... ---1852,-......1889




GRAND  TR AVERSE  RET ION


Middleton, Harriet A..... --- —....
Middleton, Frank. ---. --—.....
Middleton, P. H. ---Miller, Lewis........ --- —-----—..Miller, Katherine Kiley (Mrs.
Lewis)              --------—..Miller, E. E... —. --- —-------—....
Miller, Mrs. Sarah I -------
Miller, Archie A.  -------- --
Miller, Janet R. (Mrs. Archie)...
M iller,  W.  B.. --- —---------.. ---M iller,  A.   D.  -. --- —---- --------------------------
Miller, H. E....................
Miller, Mrs. H. E....... ---
Miller, Hugh R.. —.. --- ——. ---.... —
Miller, Mrs. Mary.. ---.. -----—..... - - -
Miller, Dorothea --- —.
Miller, Orville G.. —.... ---........ — --
Miller, Marcia Pratt --------------
Miller, J. W...... --- —----—... ----
Milliken, James W. --- ——.Milliken, Callie T. (Mrs. J. W.)Milliken, James T. ---. ---Milliken, rlildegarde (Mrs.
J. T.) —........- ------.
Miller, A. F.... ------------—......
Miller, Mrs. A. D... --- ——. —. —....
Miller, Mr. and Mrs. WVm.
Marshall... ---
Miller, Chas........ --- —---—.......
Mills, J. G........    --—...-.Mills, May G. (Mrs. J. G.)
Mills, Mrs. J. Cross. --- —---
Mills, C. E........ --- —-----—......
Mills, Fred E. --- —----—.
Milbert, Mr. and Mrs. J. ---------
Minor, Dr. Ernest B.. --- —----------
Minor, Mrs. Minnie —.. -------—.
Miner, Clara A.-....... ---—....
Mitchell, W. H. C. --- —----
Mitchell, Isabelle (Mrs. W.
H. C.). ---. --- —----------------—.
Mitchell, Cassius W... --- ——......
Mitchell, William. --
Mitchell, George.......- ----—. ---..
Moblo, E. N......... —... -
Moblo, Delvina-........ -------—.
Moffatt, Orlanda. --- —------—....
Moffatt, Amelia   -----
Moffatt, Seth C........ --- —-—......
Moffatt, Emma Linnell.. ----------
Moffatt, John Orlando. --- —-------
Moffatt, Orlando C... ---...... —
Moffatt, Mary Cameron......-.....
Moir, George........... ---
Moir, Mrs. George.... --- —----—....
Moore, Mrs. Jas. A. --- —---
Monroe, Mr. and Mrs. Wmm.....
Monroe, Mrs. Pauline... --- —-.. --
Monroe, James H..... --- —---------
Monroe, DeEtta E..... --- —-—......
Monroe, C. W....       ---—................
M onroe,  M ary  S.............................
Monroe, Marcus I,.. --- —---—.. -
Monroe, Edward A...... --- ——....
Monroe, Mrs. Linda................
M organ,  John   C.................................1856.1858.1863.1841.1844.1847.1849.1878
-1861
-1878
1877
1890.1856
_1893.1862
_1891.1891
_1847
_1868
_1882


_.1881.-1880
__1861
__1863.1855..1855
__1875
_1870.1867..1882..1889._1899.1884
-1866.1866.1868.1846.1866.1865.1837.1837.1866.1864.1868.1868.1870.1894.1883.1864.1859.1860.1859.1860
_1859.1864
_1859
_1879.1875.1895


Morgan, Arvilla G. (Mrs. J. C.)...1895
Morgan, Don S....... --- —---—.....  1895
Morgan, Carrie Thomas (Don)...1882
Morgan, Birney J. --- —----       1862
Morgan, Mrs. B. J. —. —  ---.1854
Morgan, Theron B.... --- —--—.....  1882
Morgan, Marks D...... --- —-—.....1862
Morgan, Norman C.. --- —-----------
Morgan, Abbia (Mrs. N. C.)......1858
Morrison, Mrs. Josephine (Gay)..1847
Morrison, William --     —.    1868
Morrison, Robert-..1- -----—... ---— 1867
Morrison, Elsie -  -—..... --- —-—. ---.1867
Morrison, Mr. and Mrs. Peter.. —1880
Morris, Louis.......- ----------— 1892
Montague, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert..1867
Montague, J. A.... -..........- 1867
Montague, Ida A... ---. --- —--..
Munson, Dr. J. D....... --- —---—. - - 1885
Muncy, Levi -.. -—.... ---1839
Muncy, Caroline (Mrs. Levi).... 1841
Murray, Bryan    ---— 1887
Murray, Mrs. Rose H..-.. — 1871
Murray, Caroline —.-        --- 1872
Murray, Levi --............ ---- 1872
Myers, George A ---.. --- --.1893
Myers, Joseph M.. ----------------— 1871
Neason, Vincent.. --- —---- ---—. ---- 1864
Neason, Mrs. Henrietta........... 1864
Nelson, Allis.... --------------- -1860
Nelson, William. --—. --- —-----------
Nerlinger, Amil F. ------------.. --- —1878
Nerlinger, Rozela.1.. ------------— 1883
Nemac, Rose Maria -----—.........- 1894
Nesitt, Geo. L. ---—..... --- —-------- 1892
Newton, Edgar A.. —. -----—. --- —— 1881
Newton, Maggie L... -------—..... -- 1881
Newton, Katheryn Germaine —...
Newton, William A.... —..-. — ----- 1881
Newcomb, Eddie..       -----
Newville, John A.       ---- — 1881
Newcomb, Elizabeth ---—..1......-.860
Newhouse, Benjamin F..-..-..... 1894
Newhouse, Mrs. Sarah............1894
Nicholson, Mrs. Minnie Wait....
Noble, H. H...............1855
Noble, E. S......... --- —-----—....  1865
Norris, John.        ------- -   1837
Norris, Mary E. (Wait).............1850
Noteware, J. H. --- —------       1869
Noteware, Mrs. H. --------—.......1852
Noteware, Geo. H.... --- —--—......1913
Noteware, Mrs. Geo. H.. --- ——....
Novotny, Albert........... ---. --- 1878
Oberlin, Mr. and Mrs. Mike..... 1880
Oberlin, Joe....... --- —-----—..1883
Oberlin, Emma Snell -—. -—.... -— 1881
Oberlin, Ida R........ --- —--------— 1879
O'Donald, Barney. —. --- —-------- 1860
Ostrander, Archie......................1897




84


4  OLD  SETTLERS  OF  THE


Palmer, A. E... --- —---------—. --- —
Palmer, J. J...-...........-. --- —----- 1863
Palmer, Sarah E............... --- —1864
Palmer, Hattie T........... -------   1865
Palmer, Melville....... --- —-—..1858
Parmenter, E. L...... —...... —....1865
Parmalee, George -......-.. ----------—..1869
Parmalee, Mrs. Huldah —........-.1869
Patchin, John W....-.... -. —.. --  1891
Patchin, Ruth M. (Mrs. J. W.) 1891
Potter, Estella -............. 1862
Patten, Geo. W -....................   1879
Payne, R. W..-......... --- —---—.1877
Payne, Dr. W. M....-............  1890
Peck, E. J.............-......... —...1864
Peck, L. R.......... -.........1884
Peck, Mr. and Mrs. A. W.. ----...
Peck, Mr. and Mrs. A. T..-........  1887
Perry, Henry... ---... —......1856
Perry, Ella Wadsworth -...1........ 854
Petertyl, Victor, Sr.. ---..-1........1854
Petertyl, Victor....-..-..... 1864
Petertyl, Mrs. Victor..-.......... —1885
Petertyl, Katherine (wife of
Victor, Sr.)......... --- —--—....1844
Petertyl, A J.. ----....-..-....  - 1868
Petertyl, Mrs. A. J................ - 1872
Petertyl, Minnie.... —.......... --- — 1886
Petertyl, Lottie....-............ --- 1888
Pettitt, James A..... ---.....-.......1867
Pickard, Bernie...-.............-....1868
Phelps, Benjamin --........ —...- 1870
Phillips, Rosie G.....-... --- —-.....- 1865
Phillips, Ella Canfield -—.........- 1865
Phillips, Mrs. Jessie Gunton... — 1865
Pierce, Rosetta K...-..... ---- --—...  1873
Pierce, Carl M........ --- —- -—....1879
Pohoral, F.......... ------- ----—... 1861
Pohoral, Mrs. Anna ---....-.....1861
Pohoral, Joseph....... --- —-- —....186
Pohoral, Anthony.....: 1..... ---- -1861
Pohoral, Mary A..... --- —--—......1861
Porter, W. P...-........ --- —- -......1854
Porter, Elizabeth... --------—.......1848
Porter, W. H....-..................1857
Porter, Mrs. A. A..-..........1849
Porter, R. G........ --- —---—....1858
Porter, A. E.........-....... --- —1857
Porter, Mrs. Ella............. --- —-1862
Porter, John N..........-..... --- —-- 1854
Potter, C. M............... --- —---—.1862
Powers, Mrs. A. A....... —....-.....1849
Powers, Olive....... --- —----—..1858
Powers, Wellington M..... --- —-.   1892
Powers, Mrs. A. E... —.................  1883
Pratt, Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M.....1849
Pratt, W. R....... ---..... ---.....- 1857
Pratt, Mrs. W. R..........-..-............1864
Pratt, E. S.............-...........1866
Pratt, Mrs. E. S. ---......-1861
Pratt, Fred H.........-............. 1891
Pratt, Chas. R............... --- —----- 1882
Pray, Stephen..-.......1.......... —..1866
Pray, Lavina -................. - 1866
Pray, George... ----. ------—........1864
Priest, Andrew -...............  1865
Price, John B......... — -......... -. 1867
Price, Thomas  S...............................1867


Prouty, Hugh M.............-... ----1861
Prouty, Martha........ --- —-—......1880
Prouty, Mrs. Lucvy-...-........... -1886
Prouty, Willard A.......... --- —-- 1861
Prouty, Rachael........ --- —---—...1861
Pulcipher, John -—.............- 1855
Pulver, Almon E.....-.... --- —---—..1865
Pulver, Mrs. Kate....... --- —-—...1863
Putman, J. D................
Phybus, Christopher-.......... --- -   1860
Raff, George......... --- —---—.1880
Raff, Mrs. Sarah....... --- —---—..
Ramsdell, Mr. and Mrs. J. G... --- 1860
Ransom, Fayette....... --- —---—...1860
Ransom, Edna F.....-.. --- —---—...   1866
Ransom, E. L........ --- —----—...1867
Rennie, William........ ------—.. 1851
Rennie, Mrs. Margaret -.........1851
Rennie, John.......... --- —----—....1859
Rennie, Mrs. John..... --- —---—.. —1872
Revolt, Chas....-..... --- —---—.. —1873
Revolt, Mrs. Mary.-.....-....... — 1872
Rickard, Harrison............ --- —-- 1862
Rickard, Mary E...... --- —-—.....  1859
Rickard, A. W........ --- —--—....1868
Rickard, Mabelle A........-..... --- 1881
Rice, Mr. and Mrs. E. --- —-     1861
Revolt, Fred....... --- —-----—.1872
Rice, S. A........ ---------—.....1867
Rich, Moses J.......... --- —----—..  1888
Rich, Mrs. M. J..........-..... —.....1876
Richardson, Samuel -----—......-.. 1868
Reynolds, Richard..... --- —-—.....1862
Robertson, Mr. and Mrs. J. W.-.1865
Robertson, George A... —...-...   1865
Robertson, Mrs. G. A......... ---- 1859
Roberts, Mr. and Mrs. Loren -..1.... 871
Ross, Derics... —........... ------ 1866
Ross, W. H........... --- —----—...1868
Rose, H. 0..... --- ---- --—......... - -1853
Round, Mr. and Mrs. Richard -   1.. 882
Round, Lizzie M........-... --- —-..1876
Roush, Mr. and Mrs. George.... — 1869
Roush, May A.................-.... 1859
Routsong, W. T....... --- —---—....   1875
Routsong, Louise Birmely..-...... 1867
Rowley, Dr. A. S.............-. ---.   1886
Ruthardt, Louis.... -—............-1868
Ruthardt, Emline..... --- — --—.... 1868
Rutherford, Henry -............. --- 1852
Roush, David......... --- —--—.....1867
Sackett, Henry....-........... ---1875
Salisbury, W. E............-.... ---- 1892
Sarasin, Wm. —.-..-........ ----1867
Sarasin, Bazil............ --- —----— 1863
Saunders, J. E.....................-1.1866
Saunders, Hattie... ---.......-.....1886
Saunders, Walingford... ---....... 1866
Saunders, Hannah (Mrs. W.)...- 1867
Sayler, Samuel H........-... --- ——.1865
Scofield, D. B...........-.......... ---.   1862




G RAN D   TRAV t


RSE  R G ONI


85




Scofield, Alma M...... --- ——.....1856
Scofield, O. E.......... --- —---—..1861
Scofield, M. E.. —.................1870
Scofield, Emma    -------      1867
Scofield, Mrs. V. N....-..-..... --- 1881
Scott, D. H...... —......-..- 1870
Scott, Mrs. H. J.. -------------—.. 1877
Scott, Mr. and Mrs. W. H......- 1900
Scott, John......... --- —-....1857
Secore, Joseph......-... —.. ---—.1864
Secore, Mr. and Mrs. Philip ----— 1857
Secore, Ezan... --- —-.... --- —- 1857
Selkirk, Mr. and Mrs. George.. —1870
Selkirk, Chas....-....- ---------—...  1870
Seymour, Aleck......... --------—.1868
Shapton, R. S.-     -------— 1875
Shane, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas -—.-1867
Shane, Mrs. James   -------— 1869
Shane, Winifred...... ------—..1872
Shane, Lucy (Mrs. W.) -—........- 1884
Sheffer, Andrew F...... --- ——.....1867
Sherman, J. J...... --- —-------—.....1860
Sherman, Fanny H........... -.-1858
Sherman, Thomas H..... -----—....1867
Sherman, Mrs. Thomas... --- ——..1895
Sherman, Sophia    -----       1857
Shilson, William -............. --- - 1856
Shilson, Jane Harris..... --- —-—....1857
Shilson, Thomas Gilbert..... —.... 1859
Sheridan, Mr. and Mrs. Martin.. 1860
Sheppard, Byron S...... --- —-—...1865
Sherwood, Charles G... —..-..-... 1893
Sherwood, Emma A... --- —-. ---...  1893
Shugart, Thomas C.......... --- —— 1883
Shugart, Catherine A......... --- —-1883
Silver, Mrs. Richard B..... ----—.. 1876
Silver, Mr. and Mrs. G. Lote.......1876
Silver, Mr. and Mrs. Glen C........1876
Simpson, Katherine...... ----- -... —1874
Simpson, Oscar....... ------—.... —.1868
Slaby, Robert 0..... -------—.....1893
Slaby, Henry J. ------..........-..  1893
Sladek, Frank........ --- —----—.1889
Sladek, Mrs. Frank -.....1 ---.... —. 1890
Smith, George F. ---..... -—.... —.. -- 1872
Smith, Mrs. Geo..-....... ------—. 1889
Smith, Mrs. G. N.. -------—........1868
Smith, Mr. and Mrs. J. W.-..-.. —. 1874
Smith, Allen —....... ---------—.1874
Smith, Wm. W........ --- —--—....  1860
Smith, A. M.     ------------------ -- 1861
Smith, Ella Hatch....... -----—..-1866
Smith, Willard A.....-.. --- —-—.-...1867
Smith, G. H.......... --- —-----—.1862
Smith, J. P..........-.. --- —----—.1889
Soule, Levi.......... --------—.1873
Soule, Annie -......... --- —-----—...   1873
Souss, Lowell ---—.....-.. --- —.1855
Souss, Emma (Mrs. Lowell) --—.. 1857
Sours, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph —...- 1856
Spinniken, Henry...... --- —-... ----.1861
Spinniken, Mrs. Louise.....1. --- —-1868
Spinniken, Mathew -.. —... ----—....1865
Spinniken, Wm. J..... ---------—....1865
Spinniken, Anna..-..... --- —--—... 1863
Sprague, E. L......-..... --- —----—.1853
Stadelbauer, Jacob -----—.......  -1866
Stebbins, Isador....-.................. 1872


Sleder, Joseph   ----- -1888
Sleder, Mrs. Joseph...-..1.. --- —— 1888
St. Claire, B.........- --------- -..1871
Steele, W. F..-1 --- —------------ -..1860
Steele, Rev. S................-1..... -1859
Steele, Mrs. A. R....-......... --
Steinberg, Julius..... ----—..... —1869
Steinberg, May Miriam...... --- — 1875
Steinberg, J. H........ --- —-—........1873
Steward, Mr. and Mrs. H. E.. — 1861
Steward, Will ---------------------— 1861
Steward, Edson W.. --------—.. ---1860
Steward, G. W.....-.... --- —--—..  1861
Steward, Mrs. G. W. ---. --- ——. —1890
Stigue, G. L.......... --- —----—..1878
Stites, Empire..-... -.. —.. ---- 1862
Stites, Kossuth... --- —---- --—.. — 1862
Stites, Benjamin ---    -   -     1863
Stites, Mrs. B. --- —----------—...  1884
Stites, Libbie A..........-........ —. 1879
Stockman, M. J............-.. --- —-.1858
Stockman, Morris...... --- —-—....1857
Storey, Nathaniel...... --- — --—.... 1876
Storey, Laura... —.................. 1876
Stone, William R................. ---- 1850
Stone, Mrs. WV. R.. --- —-----—. ----1856
Stover, F. J.-.. ---..-..........  1883
Stover, Amanda J................ —1883
Swan, Peter........ --- —-----—...1867
Swan, Mrs. Emma.......- ---—...-1863
Swanson, Peter....1.... --- —-—. 1871
Swanton, Dr. L.. --- —------—.......1900
Sluyter, Wm. ---------------------— 1866


Taylor, Joseph-    ------—.............. 1867
Taylor, Mary A.-........ ------—.....1867
Taylor, Chas. E........-..-  ----—..1859
Taylor, Minnie B. P...... --- —-....1878
Taylor, Ernest J..................
Thacker, Henry..... --- —----—...1861
Thacker, Ray.......... --- —--—.1875
Thacker, Mrs. Ray... --- —... -—..   1892
Thacker, Quincy --—............- - 1862
Thacker, Mrs. Quincy --—....... --- 1877
Thacker, Mrs. Callie....-..... --- 1883
Thirlby, Dr. Edwin L.... --- —-.... 1872
Thomas, Richard E.......... --- —--- 1858
Thomas, John H. --- —----       1856
Tompkins, Wm... —...............  1855
Tompkins, May...... --- —--—...1861
Thompson, Dr. I. A. --------—.....1884
Thompson, Alma Despres.... ---- 1872
Thurtell, Mr. and Mrs. Francis — 1866
Thurtell, Hubert ---................1866
Titus, D. B.......... --- —-----—...  1885
Titus, Josephine.... —..........  1885
Titus,  C.  O..-....- - --------------------------
Titus, Leon F. --- —------      1885
Titus, Alice Roberts -......... --- —- 1873
Tompkins, Sally Monroe... --- —...1863
Tompkins, Lorenzo M... --------— 1863
Travis, Mr. and Mrs. John.... ---- 1860
Travis, Walter --— 1 ----... --- ——.1865
Travis, Mrs. Walter --------------- 1870
Trude, Wm. J........... ---------   1873
Trude, Frank.....................   1872




OLD  SETTLE R S  OF  THE


Trueblood, Dr. May J..................1902
Trueblood, Dr. John O...0.... --- 1902
Umlor, Mr. and Mrs. T. J............1862
Umlor, William  H.    --...... 1873
Updike, Mrs. Helena... —...............1865
Vader, Sarah (Mrs. C. S.) —.... — 1861
Vader, Calvin Shibley............. 1887
Vader, Charles S.  --—. ----.-. —.1870
Vader, Mrs. Chas. S. -------------— 1880
Vance, Mrs. Jennie. --- ——... —.. ----..1873
Vanakin, W. W............................. 187()
Vandam, John -........ —..1868
Vinton, Frank H... ------ ---—.....-1871
Vinton, Emma........ --- —----—.... 1864
Vinton, David J...... --- —--—......1871
Vinton, Ruth...........-.......- 1871
Vlack, Joseph A.................... 1883
Vlack, Marie -..1........... —..1885
Voice, George ---......-1853
Voorhees, Mr. H. —..-........ ----1876
Voorhees, Mrs. E. M........... ----   1876
Votruba, Frank................... -- 1871
Votruba, Amelia..................1856
Wait, S. E...-.... -—...............1850
Wait, Arthur VW..-........ --- — 1854
Wait, Mrs. Alice (A. W.).-....... 1879
Wait, E. W.. —.........-...-   1873
Wait, Etta M. (E. W.) -----—....... 1875
Wait, C. R...-............ ---- -- 1877
Wait, Dudley M...... --- —---—......1850
Wait, Francis M... ---............. — 1850
Walter, Robert E.........-........ 1882
Warner, F. C........ ------ --—......1870
Warner, Mrs. Alice -.. ---. —  1889
Warner, Carson..-..             1860
Warner, Mrs. Vera Steffens.. --- — 1871
Weaver, George............1884
Weathers, Frank.............- -—. — 1871
Webb, Chas. A..-............. ----—..1890
Webster, Isaac S...... --- —--—......1867
Webster, Martha J...... --- —-—....1861
Webster, C. D................ --- —-1847
Wells, Edward.............. --- —--- 1867
Wells, Caroline Birmley... --- -.- 1863
West, Mrs. T. U.....-. --- —---—....   1860
Weston, Eli Arthur -........... —. -1900
Weston, Mrs. Stella.. —............1900
Wheeler, L. S...-................ 1867
Wheeler, Rhodia W.......-.. --- —- 1867
Wheat, W. H.........-..........  1875
Wilbur, O. E.....................-........1856
Winnie, I. G....... --- —-----—.....1858
Winnie, Mrs. I. G............. --- — -1854
Winnie, J. N.. ---......-.  -...  -- 1868
Winnie, Mrs. I. N......- —.......-.   1869
Winnie, Malcolm -..... ---------   1855
Wheelock, Mr. and Mrs. C. W. —. 1898
White, Mrs. Lievetta Gunton...  1858
White, O. L.......-.......-... ---. — 1854
White, Thomas J............................- 1870
White, Mrs. Vera Wynkoop.. —..1901
W hite,  Elmer  E................................1883
7,


White, Mrs. Winifred Pratt....-  1874
White, John                       1863
Whiting, Howard........1...I..... 1860
Whiting, Isabel Dunn (H.) -----— 1860
Whitney, Evert -.....................1882
Whitney, Mrs. E...........1899
Whitney, Emmett ---------         1882
Whipple, Dan -.... —................ 1853
Wightman, Willis -....................1864
Wightman, Mrs. Libbie..-..............1870
Wilhelm, Antoine..-.............- 1856
Wilhelm, E. P.-.........................-... 1858
Wilhelm. Mrs. E. P......... ------ 1867
Wilhelm, John...............................-..1868
Wilhelm, Charles --------         1859
Wilhelm, Emmanuel E. ----—.. ----1861
W ilhelm,  Emma  T.............................1866
Wilhelm, A. J....-................. 1856
Wilhelm, Kate Smith (A. J.).......
Wilhelm, Emmanuel......... 1870
Wilhelm, Dr. Julius..-....................1872
Wilhelm, Mrs. J......-. --- —--—...- 1898
W ilhelm,  Grace..............................1878
Wilhelm, Mrs. Jennie -..............1856
Wilcox, W. D......-......... 1869
Wilcox, W. S... ---...-.-.-........... 1883
W illiams,  Simeon............................1874
Williams, Richard... --------— 1856
Williams, C. W.. ---... --- —---—. — - 1836
Williams, James............ 1865
Williams, Daniel..-......................1859
Williams, Elizabeth Whitney....  1853
Williams, Mabel Bates...-........1868
W illis,  Henry -—..........................1867
Wilson, William..-.....-..........1862
Wilson, Mrs. Julia ---      ----- 1863
Willobee, Abel Vinton --—....... --- 1893
Willobee, George D.. --  - 1 --- —--..-1866
Willobee, Florence.. —........... ----1890
Willobee, Mrs. A. V. --- —--       1876
Winchcomb, E........-.............. 1866
Wolfe, Mrs. Mary J. --- —— 1849
Wood, Frank E. ---............-........ 1868
Woolsey, Byron.......-.......1858
Worthington, M. A. ---— 1. --- —-—..-1864
Worthington, Amelian L. —..1.....1 864
Woten, Eva E...-....................... 1863
Wright, C. V. ---....-.........-......... 1891
Wright, Mr. and Mrs. D. E. ----..  1876
Wynkoop, Thomas -—....  -........1864
Wvnkoop, D. E.-..........-......... 1864
Wynkoop, Mrs. Carrie —...........1867
Wynkoop, Roy A....-....... --- ——.. -1901
Wynkoop, Ralph E —... —. ----1901
Young, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew --     1867
Young, Laura...-........... ---- 1847
Young, A. F. — ---                1847
Youker, David J.....          -...............1871
Zimmerman, Joseph..................-.. 1869
Zimmerman, Mr. and Mrs. John. 1869
Zoulek. Peter............-........... 1870
Zoulek,   Antoine....................... 1872




OFFICE


OF


FIRST


NATIONAL


BANK
1885


Oldest Organized Bank in the Grand
Traverse Region


RESOURCES 1885
RESOURCES 1914
RESOURCES 1918


$  80,000.00
1,250 000.00
-  1,800,000.00


First National
Bank


Traverse City, Michigan


OLDEST


ORGANIZED


NATIONAL BANK


IN


NORTHERN


NEW BANK BUILDING


MICH.




I THE PIONEER DRUG STORE
Fifty-three years of successful business sprang into existence December 20, 1865, when
Dr. B. D. Ashton and Albert
W. Bacon opened up a small
stock of groceries and drugs
under the firm name of
ASHTON' & BACON
in a building which they had
erected  for that purpose on
Front Street about ninety feet
west of Park Street. On May 1,
1866, the stock, amounting to
$722, including furniture and
fixtures, was bought by
L. W. HUBBELL & CO.
of which L. W. Hubbell was the
active partner and manager and
Hannah, Lay & Co. special
partners.  On the first of May,
1875, this firm closed up their
FIFTY-THIREE YEARS AGO      business by selling its stock of
groceries and provisions to
Hannah, Lay & Co. the drugs, medicines, paints, oils, fancy goods
and confectionery to     S. E. WAIT
On April 1, 1879, L. M. Mills, who had been owner of a drug
store at Kalkaska, accepted a partnership with Mr. Wait, the firm to
be known as           WAIT & MILLS
This partnership continued until 1885, when the firm was dissolved
by mutual consent, Mr. Mills accepting a position of traveling
salesman with the firm of Shepard & Hazeltine of Grand Rapids. In
the fall of 1889, feeling the need of more commodious and pleasant
quarters, the corner room of the new Masonic Block was leased
from the Masonic Association and the stock was moved there January 1, 1890.  On April 1, 1901, Mr. Wait took iato partnership his
two sons, E. W. Wait and C. R. Wait under the name of
S. E. WAIT & SONS
This partnership continued until  -
1911 when C. R. Wait decided to"''" /
go into business in Detroit, and is '',-: "            "
located there on the corner of m-        -
Grand River Avenue and High
Street. S. E. Wait and E. W.
Wait continued the business as
S. E. WAIT & SON
Our success is due to the liberal;(
patronage of the people of the:                      I  ]
Grand Traverse Region, for which
we are truly grateful and promise
them honest and faithful continued ---—..
service at           TODAY
WAIT'SI DRUG                               STO' RE




-1                                           -aL  _


SERVICE OUR SPECIALTY


ESTABLISHED 1891
Ebner Brothers
Printers and
Bookbinders
Office Supplies
Special Attention is Given to
MAIL AND PHONE ORDERS
Citizens Phone 96
148 State Street  TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.


I.


Il   - ~  I   _I L   0






AUTO TRUCKING


-TWO


LARGE TRUCKS


Furniture Moving a Specialty


Geo. W.
Phone 97


Lardie & Son
Traverse City, Mich.




H. L.


W EAVER


Funeral Director
__      i i -


MOTOR EQUIPMENT
MOTOR AMBULANCE


Day or Night Calls
Attended
310 S. Union St.


Promptly
Both Phones


Traverse City, Michigan








M


Oldsmobile


Delco-Light Products
Goode's Garage
Cass and State Streets
Opposite Post Office Traverse City, Mich.
Goodyear Service Station
Gargoyle Mobiloils




si M,




_ _


Grand Traverse Russet Drinking Cider


HEALTHFUL, DELICIOUS,
YEAR AROUND BEVERAGE


MIKESELL & COMPANY
Sole Manufacturers


Traverse City,


M ichigan


Trves City              Michigan_..__






The Globe Store Keeps Growing
r0M


In the confidence of every one who has occasion to visit it.
The mere telling of the size and variety of our stocks
wouldn't be nearly as interesting as a personal visit.
People from all over the Grand Traverse region
come here to look and to buy, and our printed announcements are devoted to telling the news as it is found here,
and it's always fresh, bright and interesting as the store
and its contents.
The Principle upon which this Business Grows is
Value Giving. The best quality and the greatest quantity
for the lowest price, consistent with modern merchandising. Such has been our method of winning the confidence of the public, and such will be our plan of holding
that confidence.
Five Active Departments-Dry Goods, Women's
Ready-to-Wear, Shoes, Clothing and Men's Furnishings.
Globe Department Store
A PIANO EXTRA
A New Sales Policy Eliminating Agents
and Big Selling Expenses, Allowing you
to Deal Direct through the "Club" Plan
This new "Club" plan is extremely simple.  Many years it has
been our object to offer the highest quality pianos and playerpianos at the lowest price obtainable, with a guarantee of complete
satisfaction. We can furnish on request hundreds of letters of
recommendation from satisfied customers throughout Grand Traverse Region.
Through the "Club" you deal direct and save all middlemen's and
agents profits and expenses-no agent or salesman need influence
you. Be your own salesman-save $113 and $138 on fine pianos
and $188 and $204 on Player-pianos.
Simplified Easy Payment Through
Our Economical Selling Methods.
Write for "Club" catalogue, free for the asking.
SMITH & HURST
72 Monroe Ave.      239 E. Front St.     115 E. Main St.
Grand Rapids         Traverse City         Kalamazoo






IN THE LAND OF FRUIT WITH FLAVOR


i~ — I:::i:i:i:::i~:-:-i-r:ili8i:iii-i-i:i-i - -.-: il:::::-i:: -: —:::-:i::: —: —




Fhe B. J. Morgan Orchards, Traverse City, Michigan


Queen City Flower Shop
316-318 South Union Street
Traverse City, Mich.
ANDERSON'S
EVERYTHING IN THE WAY OF
CUT FLOWERS AND GROWING
PLANTS


Telephone 43, 2 Rings




-- I


JOSEPH ZIMMERMAN
e al e r in
LIVE STOCK
Shipping of Cattle, Hogs, Sheep and
Chickens a Specialty.
TRAVERSE CITY,     -     MICHIGAN
Traverse City Gas Company
You conserve if you use Gas
CHAS. S. JOHNSON
Hardware
Stoves, Guns, Amunition and
Fishing Tackle
Paints, Oils and Brushes
225 E. Front St.    Traverse City, Mich.








Agency for CHASE & SANBORN
Famous Teas and Coffees
Finest Grown.
All Kinds of Groceries suitable
for old settlers.


Corner Front and Cass Sts., Traverse City, Mich.


$5,000 Pipe Organ


Perfect Ventilation


FEATURE PHOTO PLAYS
Lyric Theatre
Thursday and Friday
3 Acts VAUDEVILLE           3 Acts,Shows-2:15, 3:45, 7:00, 9:00.
Admission 5, 10, 15, 20c.  Change of Program  Daily
FRANK ANDERSON, Mgr.


i





PRIVATE AMIBULAINCE


Calls Made Anywhere in the Grand
Traverse Region


Telephone No. 43, 2-R


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN


You can always save $$$ by


buying


She
at
Edward
Lautner 's


MaN or, Traverse City


119 Union St.


119 nionSt. TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.








Citizens Phone 848


Bell Phone 178


Traverse City Steam
Laundry
GEO. F. ROWE, Proprietor
LAUNDRY AND
DRY CLEANING


515 S. Union


TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.


Whiting Implement
Company
LARGEST RETAIL IMPLEMENT
STORE


State Street


TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.






J. W. MILLIKEN, Inc.
TRAVERSE CITY'S BEST STORE
Dry Goods, Ready-to-Wear, Millinery
Carpets, Wall Paper, Picture Framing
NOTICE
Two new features are to be introduced this spring.
The Ready-to-wear will be moved into an up-todate department on the first floor, and the place
now occupied by the Ready-to-wear made into a
Bargain Basement.
EVERYBODY WELCOME
Hamilton Clothing Co.
CARRY ALL KINDS
MEN'S AND BOYS' CLOTHING
Old settlers are always welcome. Come in
and talk over the early days in the Grand
Traverse Region.
Hamilton Clothing Co.








I_~~_ ~~ _1_11~11.


The Chamber of Commerce
TIRA VERSE CITY, MICHIGAN
The real thing, worth while, the true jewel
on the diadem of life, is making this old world a
better place to live in from our having lived in it,
making it a better place for our neighbor, our
our friends, ourselves, our posterity.  The acts
that do this, the endeavor that lends to this end is
the true DOING.
This means organization and organization of
our power into work for our town through a strong
Central Civic Body, representing the Community
Spirit of our Town.  So we'll all pull together.
-William,VcComb.
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
1918


H. A. Musselman
L. C. Stocking
W. J. Hobbs
E. P. Allen
C. J. Ebner
C. F. Hunter
J. T. Milliken
L. K. Gibbs
M. D. Bryant


-   President
-  Vice-President
-   -       Secretary
-       Treasurer
Director Organization Affairs
Director Industrial Affairs
-    Director Civic Affairs
-    Director at Large
-        Director at Large




For any particular information write the Secretary
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE


Traverse City,


Michigan


I - _






J. W. SLATER
Your Reliable Home Furnisher
Your patronage is always appreciated by J. W. Slater, the
Original Home Furnisher of
Northern Michigan.
J. W. Slater's Store 22 year:
Dealer
in
Everything
for
the
Home


s ago.


0




Furniture, Stoves, Dishes,
Carpets, Rugs, Lace Curtains,
Tinware, etc.
J. W. Slater


I_


120 East Front St.


Present Store, 12000 Feet Floor Space


---— 




I __I _~ ~ I:_* II:~_ifr il~ _ 


COMPLIMENTS OF


National Grocer
Co.
TRAVERSE CITY,      -    MICHIGAN
Importers and Wholesale Grocers
Distributors of
NA GRO CO
LIGHTHOUSE
PATHFINDER and
RED CAP
Teas, Coffees, Spices and Food Products.
By insisting upon the above brands you are doing
yourself a favor and helping your city and community
Distributing Agents for the celebrated
"Bevo"
The National Beverage.
National Grocer Co.






PIONEER RESIDENT OF THE GRAND TRAVERSE REGION


Notary Public


Insurance, Loans


J. G. GETTY
REAL ESTATE


Expert in Fruit and Farm Locations.
years a tiller of Grand Traverse


Twenty-five
soil.


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN


Potato Implement Co.
MAN UFACTURERS
Hand Potato and Corn Planters, Sprayers
and Compressed Air Sprayers.


TRAVERSE CITY,


-  -  MICHIGAN


____.. _ __._




I




DODGE BROTHERS
COMMERCIAL CAR
Dodge Brothers Business Car comes
up to the most that the public has
learned to expect of Dodge Brothers.
It is a product of which they are
proud, and one it will pay every
bu s i n e ss man to investigate.
1t will pay you lo visit us and examine this car.
The haulage cost is unusually low.
Business Car, Touring Car or Roadster $985
Sedan or Coupe $1425
(All prices f. o. b. Detroit)
Fisk Auto Company
114 Park Street


Bell Phone 173, Citz. 52


Traverse City, Alich.






i I


Traverse City Milling
Manufacturers
of
Ideal Products


Co.


Once Tried, Always Used
Flour and Feed
Buyers of Grain, Beans, Hay and Straw.  Farm
and Feed Seeds a Specialty. Feed Grinding and
Flour Exchange. Where the Farmer can Sell and
get the Most. Where the Consumer can Buy the
Cheapest and get the Best.


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN


-" ---- --- — ---- --------- -------




-  - b'f W- S KS] mm


Hoffmann & E arle Soe Co.
Mayer Honorbilt Shoes
Fine Shoe Repairing
531 S. Union Street


Traverse City,


Michigan


PROGRESS LAUNDRY
Q UA LIT Y
Speaks for Itself


H. R. WALES, Proprietor


Citz. Phone 12528PakSre


228 Park Street






SEND YOUR PHOTO FINISHING TO


Hopkins
215 E. Front St.        Traverse City, Michigan
Films Developed lOc Per Roll
Prints 3c and 4c Each
Cameras and Photo Supplies of All Kinds
SAVE TICKETS for FREE ENLARGING
32 Years in Business
Always sold Good Clothes    We
hleave a large assortment of everything that men and boys wear.
Call on us when you want a suit of
clothes.   One of the old settlers.
A. J. WILHELM


Traverse City,


Michigan






Grand


Traverse


Region




FAIR, ASSOCIATIONr


TRAVERSE CITY
M I CH IGA N


ROBEkrT BARNEY
President


CHAS. B. IDYE
Secretary


FAIR DATES


FO R 1918


September 23, 24, 25, 26, 27






Wencel Kratochvil was
one of the best known and
highly respected pioneers of
Grand Traverse Region.
His father, Frtan k
Kratochvil, opened the first
meat market in Traverse
City, it stood where the
Masonic Block now stands.
W\ENCEL KIRA TO FHVIL1
Joseph Sleder &
Sons
Everything First Class
in Meats and Provisions.
All Kinds of Sausage.
547 East Eighth Street
Traverse City, Michigan


JOSEPH SLEDER




__


Straub Bros. & Amiotte
Manufacturers
of


The - Famous - New


- Confections


Orange Blossoms and Opera Sticks


MADE IN TRAVERSE CITY




We Fill Orders Quickly
and deliver them promptly and
carefully. And we give you
just what you order too-in
quality and quantity.  We
keep a full line of fine staple
Groceries and guarantee them
to be good and pure.  Our
Teas, Coffees, Sugar, Butter,
Cheese, Eggs, Lard and canned fruits are all warranted to
be strictly of the best grades
though sold cheap.


Remember, we are headquarters for the celebrated Ko-We-Ba brand
of goods. Fancy in every respect and prepared with the greatest care
and cleanliness.
F. O. NICHOLSON
Citizens Phone 377


511 South Union St.


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN


--




_ _~_ ~ _Il_~__li_*_I~l~


Traverse City Overland
Company


3 11-3 15 State St.


Both Phones 41


-


Bert Mullen
Heavy Draying of all kinds done on
short notice. Moving Pianos a Specialty.
Our Prices are right.


Traverse City,


-  -   Michigan


Citz. Phone 385


539 E. Front Street






The Western Michigan Development Bureau is
Organized Under the Laws of Michigan
NOT FOR PECUNIARY PROFIT
REFERENCES: The State Public Domain and Immigration Commission, or, any bank or banker in Western Michigan.
'The Bureau is maintained to boost Western Michigan and to give reliable information to all who ask about the opportunties that abound in this "Land
of Fruit and Fortune."
Ask us about the quality of the soil and what it will grow at a profit.
We can tell you about fruit growing or general farming.
Write us about the good openings for Stock Raising or D)airying,
We have up-to-date information about what can be done with Alfalfa, Sweet
Clover, Soy Beans, Sudan Grass, Potatoes, Beans and the other fifty odd
crops produced in Michigan.
This great diversity of crops precludes the possibility of an entire crop failureour eggs are not all in one basket.
Write us for particulars about the large cut-over tracts open for colonization
which will yield the farmer who knows his business, as good returns as the
land in the corn belt, costing ten times as much.
Ask us about Hotels, Resorts and where good fishing and hunting can be had.
We can supply you with a West Michigan Pike Booklet and tell you all about
this and many other beautiful drives in Western Michigan.
We can tell you about the inspection of nursery and live stock entering the state.
Write us about our cheap and abundant water power and the many opportunities we have for engaging in manufacturing or retail business.
In short we are prepared to tell you anything you want to know about Western
Michigan. The results and experience gained by our six years of successful
work at your service free of charge.
Western Michigan Development Bureau
TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN
It Is Our Policy
1. To take a personal interest in the financial wants and
welfare of our patrons-their growth is our gain.
2. To favor and assist our customers, large and small, in
every way consistent with sound banking.
3. To let the man of small and moderate affairs know that
we really appreciate his business and afford him the same
careful, courteous attention, the same facilities and the
same security as the man with the larger account.
4. To place but one consideration higher than accommodation and that is SAFETY, which must ALWAYS COME
FIRST.
5. To always bear in mind we are building a business not
for the present only, but tor ten, thirty and fifty years to
to come.
We Invite You to bring us your checking account and
your savings account, as well as the accounts of any
members of your family.
Peoples Savings Bank




I,!,..,,,,,,


TRAVERSE
~ICITY /




THE FIRST CIGAR STORE WAS STARTED BY


THE CAVIS CIGAR COMPANY


Service
We guarantee prompt and efficient service
in General Draying, Storage and Moving.
-- BAGGAGE
Orders Taken for Coal
Now
Columbia Transfer Co.


Citizens Phone 44








KELLOG


G'S


CASH


SHOE


STORE


THE HOME
OF
"THOSE BETTER SHOES"


We extend to you a cordial invitation to visit us in our new
location-one door east of the Peoples Savings Bank.


--- -




4


Do You Want
Cut Flowers
Floral Arrangements
Bedding Geraniums
Vegetable Plants
We cal Supply that need.
FRANKM. PAINE
210 W. Eleventh St.
Phone 90     TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN
FRANK TRUDE
General Hardware
Guns, Ammunition
and
Fishing Tackle


Both Phones 10


Traverse City, Michigan


--






Rates $2.50.
With Bath $3.00


All Rooms with Hot and Cold
Running Water and Phones


The vhiting Hotel
J. P. OBERLIN, Prop.
TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.


Large Light Sample Rooms
Free to Guests


Only Brick Hotel
in the City


J


For Fire Insurance
Ask Mr. Santo


State Bank Building


TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.








1111111111111111111111111111111111111111


Wells - Higman
Company
Manufacturers of Stave, Splint
and Fruit Baskets




1111111111111111111111111111111111111111






West


Michigan


Garage


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN




STUDEBAKER
AN )
CHEVROLET


AGENCY


General Garage


Repair


Vulcanizing a Specialty


- --------   ------- -— `

West


Michigan


Garage


TRAVERSE CITY,


M ICHIGAN'


_ ________^__,_,,,.;,, ---- I



DR. A. W. MEBERT, Veterinary Physician and Surgeon


Special Attention Given to Cattle Practice. Office
and Hospital on Pioneer Farm at
SUTTONS BAY, MICHIGAN


Both Phones






E. B. Fick


Louis Culman


The Basket Grocery
CASH AND CARRY
SERVE YOURSELF PLAN
Fancy Groceries, Fruits and Vegetables
Our Specialty
Highest Prices Paid for Butter and Eggs
223 East Front St.     Traverse City, Michigan
Big
Fourth of July
PIC-NIC
At the Fair Grounds


Traverse City, July 4, 1918






Good zess


USE


BY


FLOU




I


Bensley's Steam Dye Works


119 Cass St.


Phone 335


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN
Fashion Demands All Colors
It matters not whether milady's dress is
pink, blue, green, we clean everything.




With1l7 years experience in the business, I am
in position to serve your interests to the best advantage. Our stock is complete and our work is
finishediin a first class manner. If in need of a cemetery memorial, I would appreciate a call from you.
A. W. RICKERD
Pioneer of Grand Traverse County.




The
BAKER
The Pioneer of Northern Michigan. Established 1877. 'The
Best of Everything in the Baking Line at all times. The Old
Reliable
BELL, The Baker
209 Front Street
Traverse City,  -  Michigan
GEO. MOIR & SON


AUTO AND HORSE LIVERY
Opposite the City Market


Both Phones 168


Traverse City, Michigan




Here'e Quality
For You!
Stetson Hats, Styleplus Suits and Overcoats,
Interwoven Sox, Wilson Bros. Shirts, Barker
Collars, Duofold Health Underwear.
SHERMAN & HUNTER CO.
TRAVERSE CITY        QUALITY MEN'S WEAR
DRINK
Wholesome, Healthful Beverages
MADE BY
The Queen City Bottling
Company
They Make Young Folks of
Old Settlers
Traverse City,      -       -       Michigan






H. Brodhagen


& Sons


Auto and Horse
Livery
Agents for
Defiance Tires and
Tubes


TRAVERSE CITY,


L-~


MICHIGAN.........


I I ' r ' i II -  -l-' ' I all  L~r


Boyd's Official R. R.
and Transfer


Taxi


SUDDEN
Citizens 311


SERVICE
Residence R-1084


Bell 109


_ I I ~ I I






Reliability-this it is that has given this Piano such great popularityRELIABILITY that is built into it with every piece of material, and through every process entering into its construction.
Grinnell Bros.
Own Make
Piano
It's highest grade from pedals to action,
sounding board, frame and case —and, "Sweetest Tone in the World" is the term  musiclovers apply to the tone of this superb
instrument.          X!..


WE   BUILD    THIS   PIANO    OURSELVES, and that we own and operate three
factories gives some idea of the great number
sold. It is backed with as strong a guarantee
as was ever written.


Pianos, Player- Pianos,
Victrolas, Records,
Small Musical Instruments
Sheet Music, Cabinets,
Player Rolls, etc.


Grinnell Bros.
Manufact urers'andjRetailers
TRAVERSE CITY STORE
Cor. Front and Cass Streets
Grinnell Bros. (own make) Pianos are sold at Factory-to-you price
and on easy payments.




THE PIONEER STORE


I     Q  65 YEARS OF PROGRESS
IU AJJ    OF THE BIG STORE         J 19
As it was when it moved into its new home in 1883


Remodeled in 1905 and 1906 into the most modern and
best equipped Department Store, with the largest assortment of merchandise to be found in Northern Michigan.
SAME POLICY FOR 65 YEARS
QUALITY       --       SERVICE


The Hannah & Lay Mere. Co.
TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN








Napoleon Motor Cars, made in Traverse City, Mich.


/


I


Excel in appearance, comfort, durability and economy. Support home industry and make
Traverse City a better city


RENNIE AUTO SALES CO.


Corner State and Union Sts. Both Phones










Fishing Tackle
MR. FISHERMAN:
We have a $1,000 stock of Fishing Tackle for you to select your
wants from.
Don't fail to see our complete line of genuine English Flies.  All
sizes, makes and colors.
We also carry a large assortment of Rods (steel and bamboo,)
Baskets, Reels, Minnow Buckets, Leaders, Snells, Landing Nets, Lines,
in fact everything a fisherman needs.
You will be surprised at the remarkably low prices on these goods,
due to the ordering of our immense stock.
Littlefield's Cigar Store


214 East Front Street


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN


Citizens Phone R-1133


Bell /ihone 325


L. F. WYSONG & SONS
Cast Stone Manufacturers
LONG DISTANCE TRUCK SERVICE
A SPECIALTY


TRA VERSE CI7 Y,


MICHIGA N


--------






ROBERT O. SLABEY


HENRY J. SLABY


Traverse City Wagon Works
Corner Union and State
Streets
Auto Bodies and Auto Trailers


Farm Wagons, Farm Trucks, Delivery Wagons,
Heavy Spring Wagons, Farm Sleighs,
Log Sleighs, Delivery Sleighs
HORSESHOEING and GENERAL REPAIRS
Traverse City, Michigan


---


ROBERT O. SLABY


HENRY J. SLABY


Traverse City Wagon Works
GARAGE
Corner Union and
State Streets
GENERAL AUTOMOBILE REPAIRS
Auto Forging, Spring Work, Auto Body and
Wheels, Wood Working, Painting, Tire Vulcanizing, Top Repairs and Upholstering.


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN








E. L. SPRAGUE
Founder Traverse Bay Eagle.


I


MORGAN BAT'ES
First Editor Grand Traverse Herald.
Sensible,    Impartial,    Independent
Traverse City
Record-Eagle
Traverse City Publishing Co.
Pubs.
Northern Michigan's Greatest Daily
Covers Northern Michigan
By Mail $3.00 per year       123 East Front St.




By Carrier 10c per week


TRAVERSE CITY', MICH.


-






JULIUS STEINBERG


Came to Traverse City in 1868,
S...........
founder of the Steinberg Store........in 1876, sold out to Steinberg.....Bros in 1903.                  Succeeded by
J. H. Steinberg in 1915.
The old reliable trading place.
The store that always makes
good.   The store that gives
you rebate coupons and saves
you half on many purchases.
J. H. Steinberg
FRANK SLADEK
PIONEER TAILOR
531 Randolph St.


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN


-








1
M
i j


PARK PLACE HOTEL
The Leading Hotel of the Grand
Traver-se Region.




All Modern Conveniences.
W. 0. HOLDEN, Mgr.


American Plan.






Es E. MlILLER & SON*1
EXCLUSIVE DRUGGISTS


Traverse City,


-  -  - Michigan


Finest- Drug Store in Northern
Michigan.








SAMUEL                     W. S.
ANDERSON UNDERTAKING CO.
Established in 1866
52 years, Three Generations
318 South Union Street     Traverse City, Michigan


Both
Telephones
43


Always
Open.




RALPH ANDERSON, Proprietor




I _ — ~- li~~*I _I -Llli.i II.li Lt *I:~  ~i_~~
i


It pays to
trade here and
people have
found it out.


MERIT
WINS


A. V. FRIEDRICH
Northern Michigan's Greatest and
Up-to-date Shoe House
36 Years of Successful
SHOE DEALING
We have kept the quality up because the quality has
kept us up.


TRAVERSE CITY,


MICHIGAN








BARNUM & EARL
Reliable Jewelers
and Optometrists
EVERYTHING FIRST CLASS
AND GUARANTEED
156 Front Street  Traverse City, Michigan
Sam's European Hotel
and Restaurant
Special atttention given to
strangers and visitors in the
Queen City of the North.
Everything up-to-date and
first class.  One of our
hobbies is Serving Fish
Banquets.
CLAIR BUCKNER, Prop.
252 E. Front St.   Traverse City, Mich.






H
i1le  lastinlas Insuranre,3genct


"INSURANCE SERVICE"


306 State Bank Bldg.


Phone 346


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN


1918


1878


J. N. Martinek & Son


DIAMONDS
The Old Reliable Jewelers


217 E. Front St.


TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN






- I - i


0I~s~ll  cs-B ~ ----  IP


Certainteed
Asphalt
Shingles
Brown Lumber
Company


Cornell Wood Board


__ -, i
I I- I r ' I


-1 — - - --- C- _* I:; —




:,'~ —'-.".-'"'"................."......................................:..;.................
i.:,~                          ~   -_                   11
',',,'.'::, '             0 '     -       *...::.          i'* f
~...::.....,.
When OLD SETTLERS look back to the time when i;
there were no FORD CARS and FORD        SERVICE    was ii|
i unknown, they cannot help but congratulate "young settlers"  j.!
ii upon the distinct advantage modern times possess over the
upo       e s                n....
j good old days.".:.
I                  '                                      i i.
IIi....                                                      'S
IIIParts, Full Line of Automobile Accessor-                i
ies Gasoline, Famous White Star Oil,::: g~:::::                  Gare S       e..::
IGre               AT      veuorized For
ITRAVERSE CITY,              -           MICHIGA
Ag.ents                           -         -..::::.::.,:     New Cars, Firestone Tires, Genuine  Ford        iii i::::* 5ii   Parts, Full Line of Automobile Accessor-:
i:ii      ies, Gasoline, Famous White Star Oil,           i....
ii0i 00.  Repairs, Vulcanizing.: Most Efficient        }i
Garage Service.::...'..,:
iI;:.        i.:
= Grand Traverse:to!:!'
2i 00Company
IJ:i,~! xTR~AVR5E ITY,3       -.-    MICHIGAN