FOQR 1S66 AND 1867 1 44 INI O*. ]S WIT, t D ietTj \ I A Ji S?4QYSLt &r CAP~' CIA) ~' lilly '1~' K K \O f 4 ~1 N ) X 0s '' o ),) SPENCER & NEWCOMBE'S II G IL;L — AITXD —. mTuntber )at Corner of J efferoll and 'Iuscola Streets, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. SEASONED) FI '"". ' I FT.. SIDING ind PRIVATE L1BRARY S+ Sll, JLTND)S, DIRESSET) Of all sorts in lar l t ' i ' quantities for &:, &m., Foreign Ma FENCE POST'S, 5'tea; e wt e tlrT made to order FENCE BOA No,r t nTltic.'. TI OS. B., C.. _-, ()N Bll1,E. ANDRE & STARK, Wholesale;ian Re tail.)eahlls in DOMESTIC & FANCY DRY GOODS, AND FAMILY GROCERIES, No. 202, N. Water Street, CITY 0OF SAGI-Zi-TM.A-WN. (. Csh paid for Furs and.Deer Sins. P. t. A.JMfl1 & C_., Wholesatle and -Retail D)ealers in BOOTS A3TID SIEOE S, No. 108, N. Water Street, CITY OF SAGINAW. N. B. Boots,{ ShIte'f Made and Rep'ilred. I)E A LER. IN AR:EAiL ESTATE I 1 FOR SALE. —Satit ardI Mri LocattioUns on Sr/inlaw River. 60 Lots inl Cit,, of Safil nwl,. 1,,500 A(cres of' good F I')arming and Pinte Lands-i, Sfag/i(naw T1 M1idland ClonttiVes. Office, 108, N. Water Street, CITY OF SAGINAW. A DVERTI8EMENTS. 0a ET T r AI IVT C SlT TTl -A-0 rT O IR., - Y PLANING MILL SASH, DOOR AN3D BLUN MAIOTOI7CTO 7 I^1itdlen St., n1ear Ii.t.ulifton,. EAST SAGINAW.................. _, ---_..... _... GALLAGHER, MEAD & DEERING, Manulaietut err - atd i )(ealers in alli kinds of Dressed Lumber, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Molding, Window Frames, &c.,,J'~Particular attention given and satisfaction guaranteed in the execution of all kinds of Planing and Sawing. SAGIlThAW CITY Furniture Warerooms, ANDRE &! ERRILL, 1 AN TI.A('I'ITR E]{S AND DEALERST, IN BEDSTEEADS, - - STANDS, CHAIRS, ' EASY CHAIRS, Marble Top Tables, 1 ROC KERS, BUREAUS, C OUCHES, SOFA01, A, SETTEES, TETE TETES, OCTTO)MANS, &c. This establishment contains a complete assortment of ]l.ouse Furnihing Wares, at largely reduced prices. Their Furniture is nmanufactured ly experienced mechanics from thoroughly seasoned wood. They have constantly on hand all the stylcs of Beautiful Furniturc in Rosewood, Mahogany, 11lack Walnut, &c. Oval Fraimes, Porirait Fr'lnes, French and German Mirror Plates, Extension Tables, and all kiidls of Mattrasses, Spring lBeds, &c. No. 602, South Water Street. SAGINAW CITY, MICH. ADVERTISEM1ENTS. Genesee St., opposite Irving Hall, ExAST SA*3*ITXAWj - -H WVARD & SOUTHWICKX~ Sole Agents of the Manufacturers, Bradford & Sharp, of (Dincinnati, Ohio, for their celebrated IPatent Stretched, Cemented arid Rivited G3-EI1LTUJTE1\T O-A.Z-TrrA I\TJ\TMI~D (NOT IIEi IL)C K,) LEAHE BLTNG Of a quality superior to any ever offered. They have the largest stock in the state, at prices that cannot fail to suit, also Calcutta Lacing Leather, Rivets, Belt Hooks, Cement, Rivet Sets, Punches, &C.. &. Together with a full assortment of STEAM and WATER GUAGES, STEAM WHISTLES, GLTAGE AND CYLINDER COCKS, &c., &c. Mill owners and others in want of a Good Article, will find it to their advantage to give us a call. THE BEST, ALWAYS THE CHEAPEST. WVARD & SOUTHiWICK, All kindLs of Pipes, Fancy Goods, &o., &c. North ~ide (irnesec Street, opposite Irving Hall,:EIAST S-A.G1'-LfTJA-W I C4101 ADVERTISEMENTS. The Empire Clothing Hall. STODDARD & HALLOCK, MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN Fashionable Clothing Cloths, Cassimeres, Vestings, -AND — GENT'S FURNISHING GOODS. No. 109, North Washington Street, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. jgCustom Work, Cutting, &c., promptly executed to order. ESTABTISI-IHD I1N 1857. xSI^M0OK a XlSoCOMMISSION I)EALERS IN No. 101, South lFWashingJfton St., Blhis Block, 2d floo',.1. S. ESTABROK,, L.'. M.ASO)N. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. We buy, Inspect, and Ship Lumber at all points on Saginaw, River, for all Markets. ADVERTISEMENTS. L ADIES, I ----I I> _-1 Lf'sH1 [i-jil I 1 I -D ull GOOTDSM ITHI &?BIOS. MANUFACTURtERS OF TUlE Patent Gore Trail and Quaker Hoop Skirs and Corsets, No. 11:2, South Franklin St., Clinton Block, A.Ull the liatest stvle.- of sklrts;adel to order. Warrnntli- for one year nInd renIewed free of chalrg,. I);.IIEALERIS SPIIPIEl) AT NEW YORK 'PRICES. MERCER & DUNBAR, ribJl (angineers anb $urbcgors, Office, No. 405, N. Water Street., over Hart & Monroe's w. BAY CITY, MICH E. L. Dunbar. I BAY CITY, MICH. __ _ Iir 19'1g — Iq i TA ITnh1MTT Q IWIIIN THE 1 IN THE INSURANCE COMPANY, 141 BROAD WA Y NEW YORK CITY. Policies for a Year, a Month, or a Day. A SOUND COMPANY Because the laws of the State of New York enacted within the last few years, and under which this Company was organized are confessed by the best judges at home and abroad to give perfect security to Policy holders. ITS CAPITAL $250,000, HIas all been paid up, and is invested in United States Securities, One Hundred Thousand Dollars of which has been deposited with the Insurance Department of the State as security for all its Policy holders, the remainder of them being in the hands of the Company unencumbered. ITS MANACEMENT Is in the hands of a Board of Directors, a majority of them prominent Insurance Underwriters of New York. ITS BUSINESS. No Accident Insurance Company ever reached in so short a time after its organization so great an amount in Cash receipts, as was shown by this Company at the close of the year just past. H 0 H t-. H 'z SANFORD, HARROUN & Co., Pl inters, 644 Broadway, N. Y. __ NEW YORK usuvane QJ 0sompux. TIIIS COMPANY INSURES AGAINST PERSONAL INJURY BY ACCIDENTS OF _ EVERY DESCRIPTION, TRAVELLING OR OTHERWISE. P) ________ Its Policies are called GENERAL ACCIDENT POLICIES, I ) and insure against such accidents as are named below, and many others; in fact, all C casualties which can properly be called accidents. GCENERAL ACCIDENTS. All forms of Dislocations, Broken Bones, Ruptured Tendons, Sprains, Concussions, Crushings, Bruises, Cuts, Stabs, Gunlshot Wounds, Burns and Scalds, Bites of Dogs, Unprovoked Assaults by Burglars, Robbers or Murderers-the action of Lightning or Sun Stroke, the effects of Explosions, Chemicals, Floods and Earthquakes, Suffocation by Drowning or Choking; when such Accidental Injury is the cause of Death within three mouths of the happening of the injury, or of total disability of the insured person to follow his usual avocations. 4 \ SHORT TERM POLICIES. These are written with the s;ame care, in recording the name of the assured on N the books of the Coinpany, the name of the person in whose favor the Insurance is made, and all the other terms of the instrument, as in the case of the Annual Policy. They are written only for the sum of $5,000, with $ 25 Weekly Compensaticn, for any number of days, from One to Twelve, at 25 cents per (lay. Premium for Twenty days, $4.00, and Thirty days, $5.00. Policies will also li issuied for any other tunounts witlin the limits before stated, for periods of one to six months, at rates in tenths of the Alnnual rate, as follows: I1 Month, 2-10. 4 Months, 5-10. " 3-10. 5 " 6.-10. 3 "4 4-10. 6 it 7-10. CENERAL ACCIDENT TICKETS. This Company also issues Tickets, which arc sld by many of its Agents, at Hotels and Ticket Offices through the country. They mlake Insurance for $5,000 and $25.0O pecr week Compensation, against Accidents ef every description, Travelling or otherwise; Good for One to Six Days, as required, at 25 Cents per Day. They are not simply Travelleis Insurance Tickets, which cover only injury or death, the result of an " Accident to tho Public conveyance in which the assured may at any time le travelling," but they are GENERAL ACCIDENT TICKETS. TABLE OF RATES. ANNUAIL PREMIUMS. sUM Class I. Class 2. Class 3. Class 4. INSURED. PREFERRED. ORDINARY. HAZARDOUS. EXTRA HAZARDOUS $ 500 $ 2.00 $ 2.50 $ 3.75 $ 7.50 1,000 3.00 3.75 7.50 15.00 1,500 4.50 5.62 11.25 22.50 2,000 6.00 7.50 15.00 30.00 2,500 7.50 9.37 18.75 37.50 3,000 9.00 11.25 22.50 5,000 15.00 18.75 10,000 30.00 Policies for Five Years are issued for Four Rates. TABLE OF RATES. DMAT~ AND, 0MPRAT14 Wee ANNUAL PREMIUMS. SUM Weekly __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cor- Class i. Class 2. Class 3. Class 4. INSURED. EXTRA pensation. PREFERRED. ORDINARY. HAZARDOUS. HAZARDOUS. $ 500 $ 3.00 $ 3.00 $ 3.50 $ 7.50 $15.00 1,000 5.00 5.00 6.00 15.00 30.00 1,500 7.50 7.50 9.00 22.50 45.00 2,000 10.00 10.00 12.00 30.00 60.00 2,500 12.50 12.50 15.00 37.50 75.00 3,000 15.00 15.00 18.00 45.00 5,000 25.00 25.00 30.00 10,000 50.00 50.00 1 All sums which may. from time to time, be paid by way of compensation to the assured, will be accounted in diminution of the eum ineured, eo that the total amount to be paid by the Company shall not it any case exceed the principal sum insured. 1.4 w 0 N 40 0;0 N t& W1 H3;0 02 E40 pg N 02 0 '4 02 N4 ACCIDENTAL No. 141 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, FOR INSURING AGAINST COASHI COA-ITAIJ, - - $250,000 President, - - WILLIAM A. BAYLEY, Secretary, - - EDWARD GREENE. WILLIAM A. BAYLEY, ERASTUS CORNING, Jr., SIMEON BALDWIN, E. D. MORGAN, Jr., HENRY B. HYDE, CHAUNCEY M. DEPEW, JAMES M. HALSTED, WILLIAM T. BLODGETT, DANIEL A. HEALD, E. A. STANSBURY, EDGAR W. CROWELL, CHARLES TAYLOR, A. F. GOODNOW, PETER McMARTIN, WILLIAM WALKER, HENRY DAY, JOHN V. L PRUYN, ERZA WHITE, NEHEMIAH PERRY, J. MILTON SMITH, FREDERICK W. DOWNER, THOMAS JONES, Jr., WILLIAM G. LAMBERT, ROBERT HOE, GILBERT K. HARROUN, EGBERT STARR, JOHN H. RICE, HENRY S. TERBELL. BEAVER & KING, STATE AGENTS, NILES, MICHIGAN. BROWN, HALL & JAMES, AGENTS, EAST SACINAW, MICH. C. H. DENTISON, AGENT, BAY CITY, MICH. INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY OP TItE SAGINAW VALLEY, WITH HISTORIES OF EAST SAGINAW, SAGINAW CITY AND BAY ITY, FROM THEIR EAIRLIEST SErTTLEMENTS. -ALSO — PIONEER DIRECTORY - *ANDBUSINESS ADVERTISER, FOR 1866 AND 1867, COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY TOEMAS & GAIATIANXT. JAM;ES M. THOMAS, A B3. GAIATIAN. EAST SAG1NAW, MICIt: LEWIS & LYON, BOOK AND JOB PRINT'ERS. J866S I I IPliriiFA C BWe present this our first publication of a Directory of the beautiful Cities of East Saginaw, Saginaw City and Bay City, and of adjoining villages in the Saginaw Valley, trusting that its merits will be sufficient to give it a cordial reception by the people. Our aim has been to make a perfect and reliable work, and in striving to do this we have spared neither labor nor expense. If we have succeeded, well; if not, we have failed after earnest effort. The difficulty of procuring accurate information on all the subjects presented in this work, has been great; and while there are possibly, some errors, we are yet able to say, that this Directory is as nearly accurate as any work of the kind ever published. We found the flourishing towns in the Saginaw Valley new, comparatively; the project of forming a combined directory of them was new; and the labor and car" attending the compilation of such a work for the first timse in any locality, is not easily understood by those who have.lad no experience in the matter. We say this, that the effort may not be viewed too critically.The great amount of labor necessarily laid out in procuring the historical portion of this work has delayed its publication several weeks beyond the time originally designated. For this delay we ask the indulgence of our patrons. To Hon. C. P. AVElY, of Flint, we are under great obligations for the services rendered in furnishing the Early Indian and Pioneer History of the Saginaw Valley —a history that cannot fail to be read with deep interest. To the Rev. J. A. Wight, PREFACE. T. W. Watkins and William McCormick, of Bay City; William H. Sweet, Esq., and Lester Cross, Esq., of Saginaw City; we are indebted for aid extended in procuring the local history of their respective places of residence; and to William L. Webber, Eqq., for reliable Salt statistics. We are also under obligations to Mr. L. R. Elliott, for assistance in compiling the history of East Saginaw, to J. S. Estabrook, Esq., for statistics of Lumber, Shingles, &c., and to others who have rendered us aid and information. We return our cordial thanks to the business men of the Valley, who have extended to us a liberal patronage. For the superior typography of the work we are indebted to Messrs. Lewis & Lyon, of the Courier Office. The binding is the work of Mr. Albert H. Frey, and well attests his superior mechanical skill. Tar PvBLIsHExs. IZN7DEX. FOLLOWING INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. Aikin &Stinson, — 67 Browne Will, Insurance, - -71 Casey F G, Restaurant, — 68 Detroit & Milwaukie H, -.- - ------ C) Enterprise Company, - --- -- 66 Erie RR., — 64 F &PMAIR, --- 60 F &P MR R., Land Notice, — 61 Great WesternLRH_. ___ — _ _6 3_1 GW R RTicket Agency,.. -65 L~ewis GF, Stationery, — _69 Lyon EWV& Co., Job Printinig,- -7 --- ——..- I2 Scheurmaun Charles, Dry Goods & Groceries, --- -70 Steamers Star and Mason, - —. 58 Steamer Sky Lark, - -- -59 Straw Charles, Grocer,- 71 TarseyRic & C., --- 68 WhipleP Denist71 EAST SAGINAW. Allardt M H, Tobacconist andI Insurance Agent,- 5 Baker James J, Carriage Maker,- ---- 90 Banie William, Dry Goods, - ---- -88 Barnum & White, Grocers,- -106 Birdsall Albert, Blacksmith, -- - 90 Bliss C D & Co, Auctioneers, - - 124 Botsford P V M, Lawyer, Salina,- -.152 Boyd &Boothi, Grocers, — 76 Brown, Hall & Jamies, Lawyers and Insurance, bottom each pagc-. Buckhout B B, IHardware, --- -51 Burt & Brother, Lumber Dealers, — 130 Burtt & Loomis, Painters, -96 Camieron Gordon J, Carriage Maker, - -— 152 Carlisle F W & Co, Tanners.- -102 Catlin & Sanborn, Lumber Dealers,- --- 78 Clark & Loveland, Lawyers,- -68 Clay & Lester, Barbers,_ _... - 134 Davison 0I, Wood Turning,., --- —------— 114 DoeLand JamesS 5Grc, -53 Doty HN, Grocer, -- 98 IDriggs & Johnson, Patent Salt Works, ---- 66 Dunk A A, Druggist, -.- 64 Elliott & Harrison, Crockery, - - - -59 INDEX. Frey Albert H, Bookbinder, -. 134 Prey J F & Co., Books & Stationery, -.. 49 Gage & Lewis, Lawyers,.,68 (Gallaher M H, Insurance Agent, —........ 136 Gates A W & Co., Livery,- 130 Germain Thomas, Builder, — 130 Gillett & Gamble, Lawyers, -.- -- 82 Goodell A E & Co., Bakery,.. 116 Goodridge Brothers, Photographers, — _ 135 Gray W N, Merchant Tailor,. 44 Ierb I Jos., Jeweler, - ---—.._,. 49 1Iill J H, Roal Estate, 110 Hill & Morris, Pioneer Iron Works,. 110 THough E A, Grocer, 68 Howard W I & Bro., Grocers,. 55 Johnson Frank, Grocer, - 72 Koch M, Clothiing,.-. 118 Koehler Fred A, Blacksmith, - _ -, 86 leggett S T, Jewelry, ----- 114 L.enheim & Iddinogs, Boots & Shoes, __ _ __ 72 and 112 Livingston 1J 1 & C(o., Dl)ry (oo)(- (.... -. —,-. 74 Iuster Rilchard, Grocer, —..-. 116 Mautner S & A, Clothing, - ------. --- 112 Marks Henry, Clothing, — - 92 McKay John, Saloon, —.. --- —-- -. --- —--- 86 S Merrill George W, Iron Wor(ks, __._. 70 Morley Brothers, Hardware, — 82 Neiderstadt E, Boots & Shoes, --------... 118 Noel B, Sign IPainter, — -.. ---- ---—. 152 )'Brien John, Grocer, _ - 96 Olds Willihm, Soap and(T Candle Manuf., _.u..., 120 Pendergast John A, Painter, ---. --- - _. __.._ 120 Penfield E P & H L, Dry Goods, 70 Perkins 1) XW, Lawyer, —. ---- -. —.- 84 Perkins & Fox, Insurance Agents, 84 Pettibone D A, Surveyor, Bridgeport Center,.-.... 120 Plessner Henry, Mt. Hope Nurseries, — 1 —2.... 124 Proctor 11 It, Jewelry, ------ - 100 Reeve I) 13 & Co., News Room, - - 102 Roderick James, Bowling Saloon, -.-..-_ 1 22 Root & Midler, Wines and Liquors, ----- -..._ 108 Rose I) Forsyth, lumber ])ealer, -78 Schupp A, Grocer, —90 Shaw, Bullard & Co., Grocers, ----- - -70 Shaw, Reynolds & Co., Hlardware, ----- —.. 104 Smith Chlarles It & Co., Boots & Shoes, --— 61 Sm1ith II A,, Dentist, -. -82 INDEX. Spinney A,Pyiin -90 Steele Thomas, Boiler Wrs -80~ Stevens J 5, CiyMls -74 Taylor JIR & Co, RelEtt, 102 Thompson & Flanders, Lawyers,- 90 Van Dusen A, Physician, --- --- -- - - - —. ---- 134 Wadsworth & Co., Druggists, — 106 6 Wallace Hu gh, Harness Manu f___ -9-8 Weaver & Wilkin, Boots & Shoes, -- 46 Webber & Smith, Lawyers, -.-82 Weidemann Robert H, Lumber Dealer, -— 78 Whalen & Son, Grcr,- --- — 86 Whiting L CDe-it Wickes Brother-s, Iron Works, --- — ----- 45 Wiggins & Clark, Merchant Tailors, --— 114 Wiggins EW, Real Estate,.- --. --- —------ - *124 Wilkin Frank G, Merchant Tailor, --- --- ------ -46 Wilkin &Mac'k, Hats &Caps,. --- —---—. —46 YawkeyW C,& Co, Lumber Dealers, --- —---— 7 8 Zimmermann Wm & Co., Wines & Liquors,- -94 SAGINAW CITY. Armstrong W A, Photographer, --- —------- 62" Bennett D M, Physician, -- 60 Bartram & Gardiner, Herald, -- 46 Brousseau Julius, Layr -60 Burrows George L-, Bakr -4 2 Carpenter William A, Merchant Tailor,- - 44 Clark James W, Lawyer, --- 36 Cross Lester, Lawyer, -- 42 Dibble John B, Architect, — 52 Dunbar Hotel, -.. -54 Eaton F LI Lawyer and. Justice of the Peace,- -42 Elliott &Harrison, Crockery, - ------- -- - - 54 Frost NM, Tbcoit_ -44A Gaylord & Hanchett, Lawyers, - -8 - -- 6 Geer Benjamin, Dry Goods & Groceries, --- - - -32 Gillett & Co., Forwarding & Commission, Carroilton, —70 Hawkins J 5, Furniture Manuf., -- 44 Hildreth & Kinsey, Saginaw Iron Works,. ---- -28 Jerome D H & Co., Hardware, --- —---- -'5)8 Lawrence Miss E L & Co, Millinery & Dress Making, —60 McKinnon John, Livery, ------ 54 MeRath William, Boots & Shoes, -- 48 Miles, Smith & Co., Crockery, --- —-32 Miller, Braley & Co., Bankers, --- -— 40 Moores Otto H G, Grocer, — -40 Newell & St4. John, Books & Stationery,- - -54 O)pfergelt & WagenierHarness,- — 24 Richardson J W, Harness,. --- - - 36 Smith & Moll, Drugs & Medicines,- - - 48 Smyth William B, Jewelry, - - 60 Sweet Wm H, Lawyer,. - -. --- 42 Taylor House,- — 52 Whitman George B, Lumber Dealer,. -- - 3 11AY CITY. Parse & MNorris, Hardware,- -- 82 Braddock H A &Co., Portsmouith,] Lumber Manuf., -—. 94 C"ampbell George,Arhtc, — -8 Cathicart & Co., BosShe- -52 C/ross Thomas & Son, ]Druggists,-. — 54 Culbert John, Junl-. ----- - 68 Davidson & White, Boiler Works,-76 IDelzell & Denison, Grocers and Ship Chandlers,- -46 Denison Charles Hl, Lawyer, -.-.56 Downis WH, Boots & Shoes, ----. ----.- 44 TDrake John, Insurance Agent, -46 Dunham. & Johnson, Dry Goods & Groceries, - 94 Elliott & Harrison, Crockery,. -.48 First National Bank,-44 Frank Ernst, Tobacconist,-64 Grier & McDonell, Lawyers, 566 Hart & Monroe, Grocers, -- — 52 Iluggins Andrew, Surveyor, -. 56 Jo.hnson 0, Boiler Works,-72 Judson, Johnson & Currey, Insurance, -76 Kennedy W 3?, Jr., Signal, - -50 Lewi's & Perkins, Grocers, — 78 --- Lowenstein HT, Clothing, - -- 74 Luxton Thomas, Harness, - - - -. — 60 Marston & Hatch, Lawyers, - -.56 McDowell John, Iron W orlks, -. -— 48 McDowell & Park, Liquors & Provisions, - 64 McEwen & Fraser, Lumber Manuf.,82 Parker & Loose, Eurniture, - 64 Phillips & Stevens, --- 60 Rivett & Brother, Blacksmiths,.-64 Rosa Thomas, Brewery, - -74 Rouech M A, Globe Hotel, - - 42 Stevens A & Co., Portsmouth, - 94 Sullivan & Little, Grocers, -- -7I6 Watkins & Carney, Lumber & Shingles, -78 Williams D) H, Painter, ---- 54 [letr Adlvert ieenents 11(1 i JIdCxed, see fly-leaves ael t(itside rover.I THE TREATY OF SAGINAW OF 1819. Indian and Pioneer Incidents of the Saginaw Valley. BY CI1AILES P. AVERY. The various Indian nations within the United States having been always treated as independent powers, although living within our borders, and after the Revolutionary War, as well as after the War of 1812, as helpless, and their tenure as frail as tenants at sufferance, no negotiation or agreement with them, as nations, would have been deemed valid unless entered into by the President and approved by the Senate of the United Statesthe treaty-making and the treaty-ratifying powers. The action of the President and Senate was an indispensable pre-requisite to any valid disposition of their possessory rights, and as a power delegated by the States, under the national Constitution, it took precedence of all action on their part. Although living within our borders, and answerable to our.criminal law for all violations of the peace and for crimes, we have always granted them the right of internal or domestic polity, and at no time when they have lived in bands, according to the custom of their fathers, have we sought to throw over them our civil code. Where individuals of those races have separated themselves from their tribal associations and have lived isolated, they have been generally treated as citizens and made amenable to our civil code regulating the rights of property, real and personal, its descent and distribution. 27 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. As a fact in the history of nations, it is certainly anomalous and singular that there should have been and now are distinct and independent governments within the limits of our national sovereignty-instances of an Imper'iln in lilperio. But such has been at all times the fact from the early history of the Republic down to the present time; a course of action and a treatment of that unfortunate and now fast disappearing race of people, inaugurated and insisted upon by the great and good Washington with his refined and high sense of national equity. By this view which he and successive administrators of our national affairs took of their condition, we recognized the possessory rights of the Indians. They were substantial rights which could only be parted with at treaties fairly made, at public and open councils of the natives, where the General Government should be represented by its agent, and everything done fairly, freely and without the least taint of authority or duress. This was the theory of those councils, and the wise and humane intention of Washington and of the Government. If violated in any instance to the injury of the weaker party, and there were doubtless exceptional instances of such violation, it should be attributed to corrupt individual action and not to the expressed and well known instructions of the proper department of our Government. The first treaty of importance which was made for the extinguishment of the Indian title to the soil of what now comprises the State of Michigan, was the one entered into by William Hull, then Governor of Michigan, as a territory, and ex-offclo Superintendent of Indian Affairs, with the natives at Detroit, in 1807, when a tract of land in the south-eastern part of the State was ceded by them to our Government. Detroit and a belt of land adjacent to it, lying along the river and lake, six miles in width, were not affected by this grant, we having before that succeeded to the possessory rights of Great Britian to the District of Detroit, so called, which she had held for a series of years, co-extensive with the claims of her prede INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 3 cessor, France; and which by the Treaty of Greenville, made by General Wayne, on behalf of our Government, in 1795, had been re-assured to and made perfect in us. With that exception, the title to the south-easterly part of our State was obtained from the natives by the treaty of 1807. The northerly line of this grant included only small portions of what are now the counties of Lapeer and Genesee, and was a little north of their southern boundaries, thus leaving the Saginaw River and its principal affluents, the Flint, the Cass, &c., entirely unaffected by the provisions of that treaty. This portion of the State remained in Indian possession, with the rights of the natives intact and unaffected, until the Treaty of Saginaw of 1819. In that treaty we are particularly interested, for the cession of lands then made by the natives, with the reservations therein provided for, include the rich and flourishing valleys of the Saginaw and its tributaries. General Cass was commissioned to act as the agent of the General Government in securing to it this important addition to our territory. He was then in the vigor of his manhood, with a laudable ambition to achieve a national reputation and to identify himself by his exertions with the acquisition of such a valuable body of land, and feeling that the influx of immigration, then beginning to be felt at Detroit and its vicinity, required a wider domain for it to spread over, and with the greater security it would give to life and property of settlers upon the domain which had been acquired by the previous treaty, he felt the importance of the enterprise into which he was about to embark, and that if successful it would be an achievement upon which any statesman might well ground a claim for the gratitude of those then living at and near IDetroit, and might be excused if hle looked to such achievement as the ground-work of future national honors. He appeared upon the Saginaw, upon the site of what is now Saginaw City, on the 10th of September, A. ). 1819, with his staff of interpreters and assistants. 4 fNDIAIN AND PIONEER HISTORY. They made the journey, the whole distance upon horseback, from Detroit by way of Flint, and thence down the river by the way of what was until lately the Indian Reservation of Pe-wonny-go-wingh, which was at that time the tribal home of the Chief Ne-ome and his successor in the Chieftanship, Tone-dok-a-ne. Before starting from Detroit the General had directed Mr. Louis Campau, who had been since 1816 an established Indian Trader at that point upon the Saginaw, to build the Council House and make the necessary arrangements for the reception of the Commissioner and his company. No other man could have been so appropriately selected to meet the Commissioner's expectations and aid him in the details of the enterprise. Mr. Campau yet survives, an aged gentleman but with an accurate memory, a fine representative of the better class of early French pioneers, a liberal, public spirited and worthy citizen. Two government vessels, laden with stores for the subsistence of those upon the treaty ground, were sent around by lakes St. Clair and Huron. On one of these was a company of United States soldiers, commanded by Captain Cass, a brother of the General, who had been ordered to the treaty ground for the protection of those in attendance. By the time the Commissioner, with his staff of interpreters, secretaries and assistants had arrived, Mr. Campau and his employees had constructed the Council House. It was spacious and commodious, extending several hundred feet along the bank of the river, a few rods back from the shore, and of the requisite width to accommodate the large number of natives who were expected to be present. Situated nearly between the present site of the Webster House and the river, but severel rods farther down on the slight ridge or second rise from the shore, its position was commanding and pleasant. Trees conveniently situated, furnished the columns of the Council Hall, and boughs interlaced above made the roof. The sides and ends were open. It was of an order of architecture not recognized by Ruskin, Downing, Upjohn or any professional INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 5 writer upon that branch of science. It was doubtless more nearly assimilated to that Temple described by the Great Poet of nature, Bryant, in the opening of his Forest Hymn, one of the finest of all his fine poems: " The Groves were God's first temples; ere man learned To hew the shaft and lay the architrave And spread the roof above them, ere he framed The lofty vault to gather and roll back The sound of anthems" A platform made of logs, faced or evened by the axe, elevated about a foot above the ground, and broad enough to accommodate upon rustic benches, Commissioner Cass and the other officials, occupied the central portion of the Council Room. Huge logs in their native roughness had been rolled in upon the other space to be used as seats by the native lords of the soil when in solemn council. The bordering woods were dotted with temporary wigwaa, hastily and rudely constructed by the natives for the accommodation of themselves and families during the pendency of the negotiation. Among other preparations, temporary but convenient additions to his trading house had been made by Mr. Campau, sufficiently spacious to make a good sized dining room for the large number of officials present, and comfortable quarters for the Commissioner. The number of Indians present at the time of his arrival was not as large as was expected. Messengers or runners had been sent among the different bands, some living quite remote from the place of holding the Council, to notify them of the proposed treaty, and others were sent out for like purpose after the fact became apparent that some localities were not properly represented. The number present upon the treaty ground on the day when the third, which was the fullest Council that was held, has been variously estimated from one thousand five hundred to four thousand. They were mainly Chippewas, but not all. There were present some Ottawas of pure and mixed blood, and although in our State papers the parties to the treaty are spoken of as the United States on the one side and the Chippewa nation on the 6 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. other, there are the names of Chiefs and head-men affixed to the treaty who were of Ottawa descent. There were but three regular Councils or audiences held during the ten or twelve days that the negotiations were pending. At such formal Councils the chiefs, warriors, head-men and braves, only were called and admitted into the Council Hall, although the sides being open and the opportunity for hearing and seeing unimpeded, the Indian wonien and their children gathered in timid groups close by. They were silent but by no means disinterested spectators of the solemn negotiations proceeding w ithin, which involved no less than a full and final surrender of the burial places of their fathers, the ancient hunting grounds of their people, the fair and beautiful heritage of forest and corn ground, lake and river. At the first Council General Cass made known to the natives through Henry Conner and Whitmore Knaggs, experienced and highly respected Indian Traders, and as interpreters most competent, the object of his journey from Detroit and the general purposes of our Government. He endeavored to impress upon them the paternal regard which their Great Father at Washington had for their welfare, and the hope that the peaceful relations which had existed between them since the close of the war should be rendered perpetual. He reminded them of their condition as a people, the swelling of the wave of civilization toward their hunting grounds, the growing scarcity of game, the importance and necessity of turning their attention more to agriculture, and relinquishing the more uncertain mode of living by the chase, and the better condition they would ultimately be in by confining themselves to reservations ample for the lurposes of agriculture, to be provided for them by the proposed treaty, and the cession of the residue of the territority then occupied b; those who were there represented, upon such terms and guarantees as their condition required, including therein stipulated annuities. He was answered by their chief speakers with a gravity and eloquence peculiar to Indian Councils. INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 7 Three Chiefs of high repute acted as speakers for the Indians, who survived for some years after the treaty, and were known to some of the earlier settlers in the valley. Their names were oftentimes pronounced by our early traders and pioneers differently, and are found in documents with different orthography, but as they appear at the foot of the treaty they are Mish-e-nena-non-e-quet, (-ge-maw-ke-ke-to, and also at the first Council Kish-kaw-ko. At the subsequent Councils the latter was not preselt, except at the last, and then merely to affix his totem to the treaty after it had been engrossed for execution. He had put himself out of condition at the close of the first day by drinking, and remained in a state quite unpresentable as a speaker for the residue of the time. He was an Indian of violent temper, and in the excitement of liquor was reckless in the commission of outrage. Subsequent to the treaty, after many acts of violence, he was arrested and died in prison at )etroit. He was less dangerous in his wigwam quietly drunk than in the Council Room tolerably sober. The chief speaker, 0-ge-maw-ke-ke-to, opposed the proposition made by Commissioner Cass with indignation. His speech as remembered by persons still surviving, who were interested listeners, was a model of Indian eloquence. lie was then quite young, not over twenty-five years of age, above the average height, and in his bearing, graceful'and handsome; although in the later years of his life he was often seen intoxicated, he never fully lost a look of conscious dignity which belonged to his nature as one of the original lords of the soil. In true eloquence he was probably hardly surpassed by the Seneca Chief, Sa-go-ye-wat-ha (Red Jacket). Iis band lived at the Forks of the Tittabawassee, and like the famous Seneca Chief he wore upon his breast a superb Government medal. He addressed the Commmissioner: "You do not know our wishes. Our people wonder what has brought you so far from your homes." 8 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. "Your young men have invited us to come and light the Council fire. We are here to smoke the pipe of peace, but not to sell our lands. Our American Father wants them. Our English Father treats us better. He has never asked for them. Your people trespass upon our hunting grounds. You flock to our shores. Our waters grow warm. Our land melts like a cake of ice. Our possessions grow smaller and smaller. The warm wave of the white man rolls in upon us and melts us away. Our women reproach us. Our children want homes. Shall we sell from under them the spot where they spread their blankets? We have not called you here. We smoke with you the pipe of peace." To this the Commissioner replied with earnestness, reproving the speaker for arrogant assumption; that their Great Father at Washington had just closed a war in which he had whipped their Father, the English King and the Indians too; that their lands were forfeited in fact by the rules of war, but that he did not propose to take them without rendering back an equivalent, notwithstanding their late acts of hostility; that their women and children should have secured to them ample tribal reserves on which they could live, unmolested by their white neighbors, where they could spread their blankets and be aided and instructed in agriculture. The Council for the day closed. The Commissioner with his staff of earnest and devoted assistants, composed of gentlemen distinguished at Indian Councils, Whitmore Knaggs, known to the natives as O-ke-day-ben-don, and beloved by them; Henry Conner, known to them as Wah-be-sken-dip, meaning literally white-head, significant of the color of his hair; Col. Beaufait, G. Godfroy, sub agent, John Harson and other gentlemen of deserved influence with the Chippewas, all retired to their lodgings disappointed and anxious, while the Chiefs and head-men of the natives retired to their wigwams in sullen dignity, unapproachable and unappeased. Certainly a very unpropitious opening of the great and important undertaking and trust which General Cass had in hand. INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 9 The ju e was a critical one, and for a full appreciation of it a brief allusion to the relative status of the two who were about to become contracting parties to the treaty, but whose minds had not yet met, becomes pardonable if not necessary. The proposition for a cession of the Indian title came from us not them. Their possessory control by our uniform recognition and action was as yet perfect. For any lawless or vindictive act upon the treaty ground there would have been immunity from immediate punishment, and probably ultimate escape. The whites, comparatively, were few in number. The military company on board of the schooner, anchored in the stream, was quite inadequate to successful resistance against an organized and general outbreak. Sufficient time had not elapsed to wash out the bitter memories of border feuds, of fancied or real wrong. Foot-prints were yet fresh upon the war-path. Indeed only the fifth summer had passed since that war had closed, which had laid low many Chippewa warriors. Our Commissioner and his staff of assistants had placed themselves voluntarily within their strong hold upon the Saginaw, to which no pale face had penetrated throughout that formidable struggle, unless as pinioned and care-depressed captives, with the exception of the single memorable instance of the daring trader, Smith, to rescue from captivity the children of the Boyer family, who had been taken captives with their father from their homes upon' Clinton river, near Mount Clemens. Here, within a half dozen summers previous, they had drilled in martial exercise, trained themselves to warlike feats, and prepared for those deadly incursions into our frontier settlements, and for those more formidable engagements where disciplined valor was called upon to breast their wild charge. After the bloody raid, to this valley they looked as to a fastness, and to it returned with their captives and streaming trophies. And here too had been for generations their simple altar in the unpruned forests, their festivals, called by us without reference to their true ignificance their dances, when thanks went up to the Great Spirit for the yearly return of the successive 10 DINDIAN AND PTOYNEEC 1rIS1TORIT *14 -blessings of a fruitful season, following to its source, with direct purpose and thankful hearts, the warm ray which gave to them the trickling sap, which reddened the berry, which embrowned the tassel of the corn and perfected their slender harvest. Ne-ome, the chief of one of the largest bands of the Chippewas, occupied and assulmed to control the most southerly portion of their then national domain. The Flint river, with its northerly affluents was by the line of the treaty of 1807, left a little north of the border in full Indian possession. It was called by the natives Pe-won-nuk-ening, meaning literally the river of the Flint, and by the early French traders, La Pierre, as was the principal fording or crossing place of that river, called by them Grand Traverse, a few rods below the Flint City bridge. By the Chippewas the site of that city was called Mus-cu-ta-wa-ingh, meaning the open plain burnt over. That river, after leaving the northerly part of Lapeer County, bears southerly to the Grand Traverse (City of Flint), and then curves northerly to meet the Saginaw; the crescent, which it thus describes, lying upon the southern border or nearly so, of what were the home possessions, intact and unaffected by previous treaties, of those bands of Chippewas whose chiefs and head-men met General Cass in Council at Saginaw. Well beaten trails upon the Flint and its tributaries, reaching to their head waters and upon all the affluents of the Saginaw, all converging to the nain river as the centre, forming a network of communication which might not inaptly be compared to an open fan, with the handle resting upon the treaty ground, gave the Chippewas, upon the banks of those streams, unobstructed access by land, as well as by canoes upon the rivers, to the Commissioner in Council. The advancing wave of white settlements had already approached and in some instances had without authority, encroached upon the southerly border of their network of trails upon the Flint. INDIAN AN D PION'EER IITSTORY. 11 -- - - -- In point of location, geographically, Ne-ome and his powerful band stood at the door, the very threshold of the large body of land which our Government, through its faithful and earnest Commissioner, wanted. To any one standing at Detroit and looking northerly to the beautiful belt of land lying westerly of the river St. Clair and Lake Huron, it was plain that the old Chief, Ne-ome, stood, unless well disposed toward the treaty, indeed a lion in the path. Ne-ome was honest and simple-minded, evinting but little of the craft and cunning of his race, sincere in his nature, by no means astute, firm in his friendships, easy to be persuaded by any benefactor who should appeal to his Indian sense of gratitude; harmless and kind. In stature he was short and heavily moulded. With his own people he was a chief of partriarchal goodness, and his name is never mentioned by any of the members of his band, even at this remote day, except with a certain traditionary sorrow, more impressive, in its mournful simplicity, than a labored epitaph. After General Cass had made known the purpose of the Government in calling the Council, he found the Chippewas as before detailed, with minds by no means disposed to treat or cede. There was a power behind the throne greater than the throne itself. That power rested in the hands of an Indian trader who was known to the Chippewas as Wah-be-sins, (the young swan), and to the border settlers as Jacob Smith. He had been for a long time a trader among the Indians at different points on the Flint and Saginaw, both before and after the war of 1812. His principal trading post which he made his permanent one, the same year of the treaty, was at the Grand Traverse of the Flint, in the First Ward of that City, near where the Baptist Church now stands. By long residence among them he had assimilated his habits and ways of living to those of the natives, even to the adoption of their mode of dress, and spoke their language fluently and correctly. He was generous to them, warm-hearted and intrepid. Though small in stature and light in weight, he was powerful as 12 TNDIA AND PIONEER HISTORY. well as agle. Like most men living upon our Indian frontier, he had become the father of a half-breed family, one of whom, a daughter, by the name of Mo-kitch-e-no-qua, was then living. Skilled in woodcraft, sagacious and adroit, he may be said to have equalled, if not excelled, the natives in nmany of those qualities which, as forest heroes, they most admire. Brought into almost daily intercourse with the large band of Chippewas upon the Saginaw and its tributaries, the opportunity was at hand of ingratiating himself into the confidence of the chief and head men of that influential branch of the natives known as Ne-ome's band, and it is safe to say, that of the one hundred and fourteen chiefs and head men of the Chippewa nation, whose totems were affixed to the treaty, there was not one with whom he had not dealt and to whom he had not extended some act of friendship; either in dispensing the rites of hospitality at his trading post, or in substantial advances to them of bread or of blankets, as their necessities may have required. He had entrenched himself in their friendship, and, at the time of the treaty, so nearly had he identified himself with the good old chief, Ne-ome, that each ever hailed the other as brother. Even to this day, Sa-gos-e-wa-qua, a daughter of Neome, and others of his descendants now living, when speaking of Smith and the old chief, invariably bring their hands together, pressing the two index fingers closely to each other, as the Indian's symbol of brotherhood and warm attachment. Upon the treaty ground the two friends acted unitedly and in perfect unison. Smith had no position at the treaty, either as interpreter for or agent of Gen. Cass. He was personally known to the General, for when not at his trading post he was at Detroit, where he had a white family, but it is evident that he was looked upon with some distrust by the Commissioner. For days the most active efforts of the authorized interpreters and agents of the government were ineffectual in conciliating Ne-ome, O-ge-maw-ke-ke-to and the other chiefs. Not a step of progress was made until Mr. Knaggs and other agents, who as INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 13 sumed, but with what authority is somewhat doubtful, to speak for the government outside of the council room, had promised the faithful Ne-olne that in addition to various and ample reservations for the different bands, of several thousand acres each, there should be reserved as requested by Wah-be-sins, (Smith,) eleven sections of land of six hundred and forty acres each, to be located at or near the Grand Traverse of the Flint. Eleven names as such reservees, all Indian names, were passed over to Mr. Knaggs on a slip of paper in his tent. A council was again called several days after the first one and fully attended by all the chiefs and warriors. This with some other points of difficulty had become quieted. The storm which at first threatened to overwhelm the best efforts of the Commissioner and the active agents had passed over, and in its place a calm and open discussion ensued of the terms and basis upon which a just and honorable treaty should be, and at length was concluded. There was but one more general council held, which was mainly formal, for the purpose of having affixed to the engrossed copy of the treaty, the signatures of General Cass and the witnesses, and the totems of the chiefs and head men of the Chippewas and Ottawas. A removal of the Chippewas west of the Mississippi, at least west of Lake Michigan, was one of the purposes sought to be gained by our Government at the treaty, in addition to the cession of the valuable body of land lying upon the Saginaw and its affluents. In the instructions from the War Department to the Commissioner, this purpose is set out among others; but it was discovered by the General, soon after his arrival at the council, that it was impossible to carry out that part of his instructions which related to the removal of the Indians, without hazarding the consulmmation of a treaty upon any terms. This country had been so long occupied by their people, and was so well adapted to their hunter state, in the remarkable abundance of fish in its rivers, lakes and bays, and in the game yet left to them and not very materially dimrinished in the forest, 14 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. that they were not inclined to listen to any proposition of removal. The exterior lines of the territory ceded at this treaty, were as follows: " Beginning at a point on the present Indian boundary line which runs due north from the month of the Great Au Glaize, six miles south of the place where the Base Line, (so called,) intersects the same," (in the north-easterly part of what is now Jackson County;) " thence west sixty miles," (t a point in Kalamazoo County;) "thence in a direct line to the head of Thunder Bay River; thence down the same, following the course thereof, to the mouth; thence north-east to the boundary line between the United States and the British Province of Tipper Canada; thence with the same to the line established by the Treaty of Detroit, of 1807; thence with the said line to the place of beginning." An amusing incident occurred at the close of the treaty. Although hardly rising to the dignity of history, it is so illustrative of the state of things upon,the treaty ground, that it may be worth preservation even if a little below the gravity of historical record. The execution of the treaty was consummated about the middle of the afternoon of the last day. The silver, which was to be paid to the Indians upon its completion, was counted out upon the table in front of the Commissioner, for distribution.The Saginaw chiefs and head men being largely indebted to Mr. Louis Campau, for goods before furnished, had put themselves under a promise to him that he should receive at least fifteen hundred dollars of the amount, in satisfaction of his just claims. The Commissioner informed the Indians that all of the money was theirs, and if it was their will that Mr. Campau's debt should be first paid to him, to so signify and it should be done. Three other traders were present with goods for sale, and were by no means pleased to see so large a proportion of the money thus appropriated. Smith was one of the three traders. He urged the turbulent and besotted Kish-kaw-ko and his brother to INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 15 object. They addressed the Commissioner: " We are your children; we want our money in our hands." In accordance with this wish, the Commissioner directed the money to be paid to theln, and Mr. Campau received none of his pay from that fund To use Mr. Campau's language: " I jvnped from the platform and struck Smith two heavy blows in the face; he was smart as steel, and I was not slow; but Louis Beaufait, Conner, and Barney Campau got between us and stopped the fight. So I lost my money and they cheated me out of a good fight besides." "But," continued Mr. Campau, " I had my satisfaction that night. Five barrels of whiskey were opened by the United States Quarter Master for the Indians.I ordered ten of mine to be opened, and two men to stand with dippers at the opened barrels. The Indians drank to fearful excess. At ten o'clock the General sent Robert Forsyth to me, to say: The Indians are getting dangerous; General Cass says, stop the liquor." I sent word back to him, " General, you commenced it." "A guard was detailed to surround my door. Soon after some Indians from the Bay were coming to my store, and the guard tried to keep them out with the bayonet. In the scuffle, one of the Indians was stabbed in the thigh. The war-whoop was given, and in fifteen minutes the building containing my store and the General's headquarters, were surrounded by excited Indians with tomahawks in their hands. They came from all points. Cass came to the door of his lodgings, looking very grotesque, with a red bandanna handkerchief tied about his head, exclaiming " Louis! Louis! stop the liquor; we shall all be killed. I say stop the liquor, Louis." I said to him, " General, you commenced it; you let Smith plunder me and rob me, but I will stand between you and all harm." He called out to me again, " Louis I Louis! send those Indians to their wigwams." I said, " Yes, General, but you commenced it." Mr. Campau said in closing, " I lost my money, I lost my fight; I lost my liquor; but I got good satisfaction:" 16 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. Mr. Campau left his trading post at Saginaw City, for a permanent removal, in June, 1826; his brother, Antoine, succeeding him. The building has but recently been removed and will be readily called to mind, upon the west side of Water street opposite Wright & Co's Mill, as the residence until within a few years, of that genial old Frenchman, J. Baptiste Desnoyers, who made the dilapidated tenement, with its rickety stairs and loose flooring, seem cheerful with his cordial welcome. It may be mentioned here that for one year. (1819,) Mr. Campau also occupied a trading post on the site of what is now East Saginaw, near where the Methodist Mission House was afterwerds erected; but finding: the Indians discontented, he soon abandoned it. Their announcement of dissatisfaction was sudden and unmistakably pointed: " We gave you the other side for trading; go there." In the fall of 1826, he became the proprietor of two fractional quarters, by government entry, covering what is now a large part of the site of the flourishing city of Grand Rapids. He has been emphatically the father of that flourishing inland town. Selling his fine landed estate with the greatest liberality; endorsing freely for enterprising new-comers to that place; associating himself with every worthy enterprise-the sequence we readily anticipate-embarassment and straitened means; the classical but very inconvenient res anglustae at home; an humble but cheerful cottage, with a limited garden-plat, upon the secluded outskirts of his once lordly possessions. In connection with these facts how pleasant to read a paragraph, which appeared recently in the Detroit F1ee Press. " A Nice Thing Nicely Done.-Under this head a Grand Rapids paper gives an account of a Christmas present to Louis Canpau, Esq. The presentation was made by a number of leading citizens, and consisted of a purse containing $1,040." The same autumn of the treaty, (1819,) Smith, whose influence with the Indians was so marked on that occasion, built a trading-house, rough and of limited dimensions, near whore the Baptist Church now stands, in the city of Flint. He lived there iN I.YN AND PIONMER HISTORY. 17 during the trading season, nmaking occasional visits to his family in Detroit. In 1825, he died, from neglect as much as from disease, at his trading post, after a lingering and pitiable sickness. A good hearted Frenchman, by the name of Baptiste Cochios, who was with himl upon the treaty ground in 1819, and himself an Indian trader, having his posts upon the Flint and on the Saginaw, performed for the brave but unfortunate man the last sad rites of humanity. An Indian lad, who had lived with Mr. Smith for several years and attended him in his sickness, was the only household mourner. He was the same Indian whose name was associated in later years as co-plaintiff with the Messrs. Dewey, of Flint, in several actions of ejectment brought to recover from the occupants Section Two, on which the First Ward of that city is situatedThe proof however showed that his real name was An-ne-mlekins, and that he was not the genuine M1e-ta-wa-ne-ne, for whom a section of land was intended and reserved in article third of the treaty. A few Indians gathered in mournful groups about the grave, as the remains of the unfortunate man were committed to the earth. Ne-ome was there, his trusty and reliable friend, mute with grief. With that feeling of gratitude which belongs to the Indian character, and which takes rank as a cardinal virtue in their untutored minds, the Indians proved true and faithful throughout his sickness to the last. The brave, warm-hearted, generous Indian trader, Jacob Smith, the earliest white pioneer upon the Saginaw and the Flint, lingered and died in sad condition, and but for the good Cochios and his Indian assistants, would have gone to his grave uncoffined. Within a few days after his decease, his son-in-law, C. S. Payne, came out from Detroit, to the trading-house which had so recently been the scene of such long and unrelieved suffering, and gathered up most carefully and carried away the few poor c 18 INDIAN AN'D PIONEER IIISTOlrY. remnants of the earthly stores left by the noble-hearted Indian trader. Sa-gos-e-wa-qua, the daughter of Ne-ome, in recounting this history, expressed herself with a sententious brevity peculiar to the Indian and worth recording. " It points a moral," if it does not " adorn a tale." " When Wall-be-sins (Smith) sick nobody come. Him sicker and sicker; nobody come. Wah-besins die, little tinker cone and take all him blankets, all him cattle, all him things." Ne-ome soon followed his friend Wah-be-sins to the Spirit Land. He died in 1827, at his tribal home, a few miles above Saginaw City, enthroned, in patriarchal simplicity, in the hearts of his people, belovel, mlourned and faithfully attended, through a long and severe sickness, by his children and relatives. Judge Gardiner 1). Williams became an Indian trader at Saginaw City, in the spring of 1828. His brother, Ephraim S. Williams, joined him in the autumn of that year. They occupied the little red building at the foot of Mackinaw Street as their store, where they continued to trade until 1840. They were the soIns of Oliver Williams, who emigrated fiom Old Concord, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, before the War of 1812S. He became a merchant at Detroit, and at the opening of hostilities was enogaged in the commerce of the lakes. His vessel was captured at Mackinaw and himself taken prisoner.His vessel was in the enely's fleet at the memorable battle of Lake Erie, which has inlmirtalired the name of Perry, her name having been changed by them from the "Friend's Good Will," to the "Little Belt." In March, 1819, he established himself, with his family, on what was afterwards known as the " old homestead," near Silver Lake, three miles north of Pontiac, whero the two sons remained until their removal to Saginaw City, in 1828. Reaume, a Frenchman and an old Indian trador, was at tlat time and at that point, the agent of the American Fur Comnpal9y. Ile and the IMessrs. Callpau had had personal difficulties of long INDI.AN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 19 standing, which had become an inveterate feud, creating unprofitable divisions with the Indians, amounting with them to fierce partizan hatred. The current was turned against Reaume, and his personal safety becoming endangered, his store was kept closed too much of the time for him to continue a profitable agent for the company at that post. Judge Abbott, the Complany's Superintendent at Detroit, selected the Messrs. Williams as the successors of Reaunle, who came on as before detailed, and became the owners of his interests at Saginaw City, and also at the Little Fork of the Tittabawassee, (Midland City,) where he had another post. Dequindre, an active young Frenchman, had been his local sub-agent, until a vicious Indian by the name of Wah-be-man-ito or White Devil, forcibly took possession of the post, driving out the sub-agent, who fled for his life, for several days roaming about, lost in the woods, and ultimately coming into Saginaw City with his feet frozen. The Campaus had a rival post at the same place, and by the abandonment of the other, the valuable trade of the Tittabawassee was left wholly in their hands. The winter after Mr. E. S. Williams had establisned himself at Saginaw City, he was deputed to take stores to that point and re-open the trading-house. He chose for his asistants, Jacob Graveradt, and the two younger Roys. Prudent friends endeavored to persuade him not to embark in an enterprise so evidently fraught with danger,but the Company's interests required the venture, and he soon with his assistants presented himself at the post. A short time only elapsed before Wah-be-man-ito resumed his attitude of hostility. He was on his way with his outfit to the trapping ground, somewhat in liquor. He stopped at the door of the trading post, and with an insoent and defiant bearing, which a half-drunken Indian only can assume, demanded liquor. " Mish-sha-way," (Mr. Williams name, meaning Big Elk,) " give me whiskey." It was refused. He placed his hand upon the handle of his tomahawk, and repeated the demand more fiercely than at first, and was met by another refusal as defiant as his last demand. 20 INDIAN AND PIONEER nISTOi{'. He sprang for 1Mr. Williams with his tomahawk upraised, and aimed a blow at him which, if it had not been dexter — iously avoided, would doubtless have proved fatal. With a w-ell seasoned hickory club Mr. Williams defended himself, knocking his assailant down and being about to repeat the blow tle discomfitted hero begged for mercy. After getting upon his feet and recovering, fronl the stunning effects of the blow he walked out of the trading house and sate down in front of it in apparently deep thought. He soon after called to Mr. Williams and expressed great mortification at the outrage he had attempted; and to confirm his sincerity promised that his next furs he would bring to his new friend Williams. - He kept his promise faithfully and became the fast friend of the man at whom, within an hour previous, he 1had aimed a deadly blow. The Messrs. Williams sooon after bought out the trading post of Antoine Campau who had, as before stated, succeeded to his brother Louis, which quieted the dangerous spirit of rivalry that had already culminated in some serious affrays between the Indians and others who had become parties to the feud. Among other agents who had residences, at'different times, at Saginaw, were Sherman Stevens, the father of the distingurshed actress Miss Sara Stevens, who has achieved in the drama no ordinary position. To considerable solid acquirement he united a vein of romance and sentiment which made hin at that time a genial companion and a rare social acquisition to the limited society of Saginaw. He was master of the Chippewa dialect and spoke the language fluently and well. Archie Lyons was another trustworthy agent of the Messrs. Williams, whose history is identified with the Saginaw Valley prior to the Treaty. He was a fine penman well educated and a inusician of no little skill. He was located at the little Forks of the Tittabawassee (Midland City) and in coming down fron that point, on the ice, upon skates, for the purpose of playing the violin for a dancing party at Saginaw City he was drowned. INlAN XNDN PION1EERt HISTORY. 21 His track was found upon the ice the next day, to the edge of the hole into which he had skated, leaving no doubt as to his fate. His, widow, a bright and agreeable woman, of French and Ihdian extraction, who rejoiced in the almost unpronouncable name of Ka-ze-zhe-ah-be-no-qua, became afterwards the wife of Antoine Peltier of Pine-ne-con-ning; a second marriage that was undoubtedly justifiable if her object was to free herself from her most remarkable Indian name. The Messrs. Williams had another agent, Mejeau, an Indian of quarter blood; an accurate clerk although he could neither read nor write. Thousands of dollars passed through his hands yearly. His mode of keeping accounts was the same as that usually adopted among the agents. A straight mark symbolized one dollar. One O a muskrat or a quarter of a dollar. Two O's a half dollar. Instead of the name of the Indian his totem was drawn upon the book and prefixed to his accounts. (-ge-mauke-ke-to's totem was a long fish, a spotted pickerel, which he made with some skill, another's was a beaver, another's a bear &c. Judge G. D. Williams, died at his homestead at Saginaw City on the 11th day of Dec. A. D. 1858, beloved and mourned.Iis brother, Mr. E. S. Williams, is still living at Windsor, opposite Detroit, with his constitution unimpaired by his early border life, and a strength of muscle still intact, that would make any modern Wah-be-man-ito tremble in an encounter. John or Jack Smythe had a trading house. from 1830 to 1832, at Saginaw City a little below the Campan trading house. It stood there until within a few years and will be remembered as a building with a thatched roof. He was a trader of but little prominence. The writer of this article is indebted to Mr. E. S. Williams for the facts of the following incident, which occurred while AIr. Williams was a resident of Saginaw City and of which he was personally cognizant, one of the most romantic and remarkable affairs to be found in our border annals. 22 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTOlRY. Some few years after the treaty and soon after Judge Jewitt, Col. Stannard, and the Messrs. Williams became residents of Sainaw City this incident occurred, strongly illustrative of frontier life and of Indian character. Nah-way-go was a young Saginaw Brave, living in his earlier life at Green Point and his later years upon the Lake Shore.He is described as a model of native strength and grace. While living at the former place he killed a son of Red Bird who lived on the Tittabawassee Reservation. The relatives demanded satisfaction and by Indian law his life was the forfeit. He presented himself at the chief mourner's wigwam where the warriors of the family of the deceased had assembled and informed them that he had come for them to strike at his heart. He bared his bosom and took his position for the selected number to pass by him and inflict the knife wound. They passed and inflicted, as they hoped, the mortal thrusts. That done and Indian usage being satisfied he was making the best speed he could. with his streaming wounds, to his own wigwam when he was struck in the back by a cowardly Indian, inflicting a severe stab but as it appears, like the other blows, not fatal. He was yet enabled to reach his wigwam where his young wife was awaiting in anxiety, his return. She received him and bound up his wounds. He was restored after fearful suffering. Finding the coward afterwards upon his hunting ground, who had inflicted upon him the wound in the back he visited him summarily with Indian vengeance; death. Soon after the Indians were assembled in large numbers at Saginaw City at a "payment." An altercation ensued between Black Beaver, an Indian of considerable note and the young Brave, Nah-way-go; the former reproaching him with the outrage he had committed upon the Indian who had struck him in the back. Nah-way-go defended the act as just and brave. — The reproof was repeated and upon the instant he slew Black Beaver. INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. 23 This was near the site of the Emerson mill on the east side of the river; Black Beaver and his band were there encamped; on the west side and below the city, on the open plain, Nah-way-go and his band were encamped. After thE bloody deed he crossed over to the west side among his own people. A warrant was at once issued by Col. Stannard for his arrest, acting as Justice. Nah-way-go fled back to the east side of the river and accompanied by a friend secreted himself in the woods upon what is now the site of East Saginaw. He preferred to trust himself on the same side of the river with the tribe whose leading warrior he had stricken down than to endure the mortification of arrest and punishment by the white man's law. He sent word to two of his white friends, Antoine Campau and Mr. E. S. Williams desiring, them to cross the river and come to the woods, in which he was secreted, when by giving a signal he would come to them. They did so an'd he soon made his appearance. He informed them that he had sent for them for advice; that the white man's punishment, imprisonment, was only fit for cowards; death by the hands of his own race was glorious, in comparison, if any relative of Black Beaver should choose to make it a cause of vengeance. They advised him to cross back to his own camp, present himself to his people and let the affair take the course warranted by Indian usage. The arrest by the officer was waived and he presented himself at his own camp openly. The hour for the burial of Black Beaver arrived. An immense number of Indians were gathered as mourners and spectators at the place for burial which was between the old Campau trading house and the river. The body had been placed in the cofiu. - The relatives with their faces streaked with black paint hlad gathered about it. The few white settlers then in the Valley were all there as spectators. The fearful outrage, so near to their own doors, had absorbed and engrossed the attention of all. 2- TSNDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. While the solemn Indian rite was in progress over the remains of their favorite warior, Nal-way-go was seen approaching from his camping ground. IIe was dressed in full and careful costume; tomahawk and knife in girdle and a small canteen of whiskey at his side; his whole appearance imposing and gallant. He made his way with a lofty and majestic step to the centre of the mourning group. Walking, with measured step, to the side of the coffin he placed upon it his tomlahawk and knife. He filled his calumet with kinikinnick, composedly and with diginity. After smoking front it himself first, he passed it to the chief mourner, who declined it. He passed it to the next and the next with the same result. He passed his canteen of whiskey with the same formality and with the same result. They declined to partake. lie then undid the collar of his hunting shirt and bared his bosom, seating himself with calm dignity upon the foot of the coffin. He turned his face full upon the chief mourners and addressed them: "You refuse my pipe of peace. You refuse to drink with me. You wish my life. Here it is. Strike deep. Strike not in the back. Strike not and miss. The man that does, dies when I meet him on our hunting ground." Not a hand was raised. Upon the dark and stoical faces of that cloud of enemies, by whom he was surrounded, no feeling found expression except of awe; no muscle moved. He rose, and towering to his full fine height, exclaimed:"Cowards, cowards, cowards." As composedly as he had taken them out he restored, unmolested, the tomahawk and knife to his girdle and, with his canteen at his side, walked away from the strange scene as lordly as he came. He had awed his enemies and was evidently master of the situation. TNDIMAN AND PIONEER PIONEER HISTOlY. 25 Removing soon after to the lake shore, away from the scene of his early feuds and fearful exploits he fell ultimately upon the hunting ground in a personal recontre with a relative of one of his early victims A forest hero! as fearless as Rob Roy, as chivalrous as Rhoderick Dhu. The theme is worthy of the pen of a Sir Walter or the epic verse of Whittier, Hosmer or Street. It is certainly somewhat above the flight of a plain prose pen. Mfr. Noxmr. LITTLE may well be called the projector and father of the enterprising city of East Saginaw. Mr. Little was the son of Docter Charles Little of East Avon, Livingston County, New York, who had become a pioneer there as early as 1797, emigrating from Columbia County, Connecticut. He practised his profession for forty-two years in Livingston County. In 1822, certainly a very early day in the history of Northern Michigan, the Doctor formed a vory favorable opinion of the Saginaw Valley from an inspection of the then imperfect maps of this part of the State, and deposited with Chancellor Farnsworth at Detroit sufficient money to secure the lands to himself, by government entry, which he deemed the most valuable upon the Saginaw. In 1823 and 1824 he again visited the valley and traced all the tributaries of the Saginaw and had the entries made, which he deemed desirable, immediately, upon the opening of the Land office. He entered lands upon the Saginaw for several miles extending, from the lowest point of East Saginaw, all the way, with occassional exceptions, to Green Point, including in his purchases the site of what is now the flourishing village of Salina, and on the other side of the river, for several miles from Saginaw City to the Tittabawassee and also above upon that stream. Doctor Little was familiar with and had passed over the site of Rochester N. Y., in an early day, many times, when it was a silvan waste and had seen that and other localities which could have been purchased at nominal prices, converted, as if by magic, into busy marts. The same money which he had been loaning to D 26 INDIAN AND PIONEER IIISTORTY the farmers of Livingston at seven per cent., if invested in such localities, would have returned him a princely income. Acting upon a theory which had been thus practically impressed upon him, and with a foresight eminently wise, he made the entries spoken of. Like causes in Michigan have produced effects similar to those in Western New York and his descendents feel and appreciate his far seeing sagacity. After a life of eminent usefulness he died at the homestead in 1842. His son Norman Little, partaking of the enterprising spirit of his father came through to Saginaw City by the Indian trail at an early day. In his company were some eight or nine others from Western New York. They made their intended explorations and returned. Mr. Norman Liltle removed from Littleville and became a permanent resident of Saginaw City in 1836. He bought the sight of that place, the Military Reserve, for himself, Mackie, Oakley and Jennison of iew York City. Price $55,000. The purchase was made of Dr. Millington of Ypsilanti who had bought of the Government at public sale for $12,000. Mr. Little came from Detroit in June 1836 with Governor Mason by steamboat up the Saginaw, the first steam vessel, it is said, that ever ploughed the waters of that river. The expenditures of the firm of Mackie & Co., of which Mr. Little was a member, in their efforts to build up Saginaw City by the erection of various expensive structures, which still stand as monuments of their enterprise, amounted to a large sum, and followed so soon by the financial crisis of 1837 and 1838, it is not to be wondered at that trouble and embarrassment ensued, causing further active efforts on their part, at that time, to build up Saginaw City, almost entirely to cease. Disappointed but not discouraged, Mr. Norman Little turned his attention to the east side of the river and, in 1850, induced Mr. James M. Hoyt of the old firm of Eli Hoyt & Co. of New York City, and his son, Mr. Jesse Hoyt, to become interested, with INDIAN ANM) PIONEER HISXTORY. himself, each one third, in the site and business of East Saginaw. They had been business acquaintenances and old friends for many years, when Mr. Little resided at Littleville where the father and son had both shared his hospitality and knew the intrinsic worth and goodness of his character. To consummate the enterprise two hundred and twenty acres, upon the site of East Saginaw, and other property amounting to 2,400 acres, on the same side of the river, were bought by the partners; a portion from those who had purchlased of Dr. Little's estate and some from Messrs. Carroll, and others of Livingston County, New York. From an enterprise, thus inaugurated by Mr. Norman Little, East Saginaw entered upon its career of remarkable prosperity, and his memory may well be cherished, with a tender care, by those now enjoying the fruits of his far-seeing wisdomn; especially when they call to mind the struggles through whicl he passed and the courage with hich he carried his plans through to a glorious fruition. Mr. Little removed from Saginaw City to East Saginaw, for a permanent residence, in the year 1852, where he continued to reside until his decease in 1860. To great energy of character and a physical endurance, not a little remarkable, Mr. Little united a mild and benevolent disposition and a truly social nature, which rendered him, to the latest moment of his life, an object of affectionate regard to those who were his juniors and of uninterrupted attachment to the friends and associates of past years. To the latter he ever remained constant and true, for friendship, with him, was a sacred sentiment, admitting no cold and heartless change. They could not and did not forget him. He could not and did not forget them. True friendship and a spirit of universal hospitality belonged to his nature and became substantial characteristics. In his view they were cardinal virtues. But few of this class of pioneers now remain. The ancient landmarks are fast disappearing. "Time rolls his ceaseless course." 28 flDIhNX AS iD IIONEER HISTORY. MnR. HARVTEY WILIAMS, whose history is identified with the Saginaw Valley since 1834, was for many years, prior thereto, a resident of Detroit, where he was engaged in the foundery business, was a skillfulll nachinist and was sometimes employed as a mill-wright. Mr. Williams deserves something more than a passing notice as one the very few yet living of the earlier stock of emigrants fron the Eastern States to this then remote territory. 1815 was the year of his emigration from Charlton, Worcester County, Massachusetts, to Detroit, where he continued to reside until the time of his removal to Saginaw City, where he entered into the lumbering business, building there the first stcam sawmnill north-west of Detroit and giving his attention to that until 1838, in which year his well known integrity of character caused him to be employed by the State in the opening of roads. He constructed the road from Flint to Saginaw City, via Bridgeport, and, in the various enterprises of that era, which had for their object the improvement of the communications with the Saginaw Valley by water as well as by land, he was among the foremost. And through his influence the Light House at the mouth of the river was established and for a year was taken charge of by him. In the winter of 1822 -3 Mr. Williams made a trip from Detroit to Saginaw in performance of a contract made by himself, and Col. John Hamilton yet living at Flint, with the Government to take supplies through to that point for the use of the garrison established there in 1822. On this trip they were accompanied by Mr. E. S. Williams and Schuyler Hodges, late of Pontiac, as guides and assistants. At Saginaw City he found Mr. Louis Campau and Reaume, interpreter Archie Lyons, Provensal, Indian blacksmith. and two or three others engaged in the fur trade, the only white persons there except the two Companies of United States Infantry at the.Garrison. These troops were of the 3d Regiment and had been ordered from Green Bay to occupy the Post, for the protection of the Saginaw valley and adjacent frontier. INDIAN ANI) PIONEER IHISTORY. 29 They were under the command of Major Daniel Baker and remained at this point a little more than a year. After losing some valuable officers, Lieutenants Bakler and Alien, and many from the ranks, by disease. they received from the War De.artment an order for their removal to Detroit. The locality was considered at that time and doubtless was exceedingly unhealthy. The flooding of the valleys of the Saginaw and its tributaries, the spring previous to their reinoval, by the rapid melting of the unusually heavy body of snow then upon the ground, had, with the excessive heat of the following summer, generated endemic diseases which baffled the best medical skill. The venerable and beloved Docter Pitcher, of l)etroit, who was then A.sstant Surgeon in the regular army, and had reported to Major Baker at this time, was in attendance upon the Garrison. His skill and efforts did much to prevent and alleviate but could only partially stay the progress of disease. The Fort was abandoned in the autumn of 1 23, an event, which from the reasons assigned for its discontinuance, tended to draw away attention from the Saginaw valley and retard inlmigiation. On the route frolm Ietroit to Saginaw City Mr. Williams and his company found but five or six settlers; at Iontiac, Orison Allen, MIr. Oliver Williams at Silver Lake, Alpheus Williams the father of Harvey, at Waterford, Jacob Stevens at Grand Blanc, Edward Campau a half breed, who had lost an arml, (the Nowo-ke-ghick named in article 3d of the Treaty,) and the unfortunate Smith at Grand Traverse (Flint). Of Mr. Jacob Stevens, there should be, if the annals of that locality were witlin the scope of this article, a more extended notice. He was a true type of the gentlemen of the old scho l, to whose moral and physical courage, as a pioneer, was united a rare intelligence, marked by a literary taste showing itself conspicuously even in the few scattered remnants of his correspondence which have come down to this day. 30 INDIAN- AN]) PIONEER HI/STORY. In 1837 MIr. Williams built, for Messrs. Mackie & Co., of which firm Mr. Norman Little and himself were members, having each one-fifth interest, the Saw mill, since knosi n as the Emerson mill. Tile year previous he had erected the first frame dwelling house, near the mill, on what is now the site of the city of East Saginaw. Of the latter place he has become a permanent resident quite recently. For several years he lived at his homlestead at the mouth of the Kaw-kaw-ling, (the name of which Mr. W. says is Oagah-kahning) a few miles westerly from the mouth of the Saginaw, where he traded largely with the Indians and was engaged very extensively in the Lake and Bay fisheries. So fair and upright have been his dealings withioWot only, his white neighbors but also with the natives, that he has secured to himself the sincere and unchanging respect and regard of all. Those friends, who have shared the hospitality of his house, upon that bleak promentory which projects into the bay, particularly in midwinter, when the winds from the north have been abroad in their wrath, know how to appreciate the warmth of his welcome at the threshold; the hospitable, savory board, the profusion of which was only equaled by its neatness; the luxurious beds for tired, chilled limbs; and last, but certainly not least, that glorious barrel of "Bay water," which had taken on a remarkably fine flavor, as we were assured by 'uncle Harvey,' by its having been so long 'rocked in the cradle of the deep;' the stories of the olden time, Indian and pioneer incidents so pleasantly interspersed with the "night-caps;" all-all never to be forgotten memories"Such thingihr ltbel n Landl \rwre Illo),t plleasant." Under the name of Buena Vista the little hamlet of settlers, in the vicinage of the Emerson mill, was formally organized into a Township and in its first annual township election, of 1848, its destinies were swayed by a constituency of solid yeomanry,, numbering five, composed of Curtis Emerson and Charles W. Grant Esquires, the two Messrs. Willey and Stephen Warner. INDI \N AND PIONEIl:R HISTO()]Y. 31 This small settlement, whose destinies were soon to be united, by social and commercial ties and a connon bond of interest and brotherhood, with those who, under the influence of that excellent gentleman, Nlorman Little, and his brother Col. W. L. P. Little, established themselves, somewhat later, upon what is now the busy mart and central part of East Saginaw, received, in February 1855. their commnon franchises as a village and, in February, 1859, their charter as a city. The philosophical and just thinker and writer, )e Tocqueville, whose "D)ernocracy in Anmeica" has taken its place among the standard works of tile age upon governmental polity; a work which as well honors his heart as his head, was desirous. upon his arrival in our country in 1831, to visit some of our outposts upon civilization's extreme frontier. He desired to look in upon some of our remote, primeval vallies, the then almost unoccupied cradles of future Ipopulations. lie selected the valley of the Saginaw and we find him at that time, in the consummation of his purpose, crossing from the east side of that river to Saginaw City in a canoe, svwimming his horse behind his frail bark and remaining for a few (lays at the latter place to indulge hitnself in his philosophical observations at that advanced outpost of civilization, then nulmbering within its limits less than forty people old and young. He says in a way which seemes, if the expression can be pardoned, like a prophetic on-look into the future: "In a few years these impenetrable forests will have fillen; "the sons of civilization and industry will break the silence of "the Saginaw; the banks will be iimprisoned by quays; its cur"rent which now flows on, unnoticed and tranquil, through a "nameless waste, will be stemmed by the prows of vessels."More than one hundred miles sever this solitude from the great "European settlements and we were perhaps the last travelers "allowed to see its primitive grandeur." The glorious anticipations of the French traveler and sacant, bearing now upon thenl almost the look of inspiration, have become, under the shield and arm of those Republican Institu 32 INDIAN AND PIONEER HISTORY. tions, which he so much admired, and the spirit of which he so justly interpreted, the well established realities of our day. Those Pioneers of stout hearts and strong hands of Saginaw City:-The Messrs. G. D. and E. S. Williams, Eleazer Jewett, Abram Butts, Col. Stannard, Judge Elijah N. Davenport, Thos. Simpson, (familiarly and humorously known to the early inhabitants as Lick-se-bo-gee) Benjamin Cochios, Harvey Miller, Albert Miller, the Messrs. Gotee, the Messrs. Little, Hiram L. Miller, George W. Bullock, Charles L. Richman, James Frazer, Eliel Barber, Nelson Smith, T. L. Howe, Samuel Gordon, Joshua Blackmer, Charles S. Palmer, Joseph Malden, Perry G. Gardiner, Doctor George Davis, Anthony R: Swarthout, James Busbey, William F. Moseley, John Smith, William McDonald, and other gentlemen of enterprise and distinction: And of East Saginaw-Curtis Emerson. Charles W. Grant, Messrs. Norman and William L. P. Little, W. F. Glasby, the Messrs. Willey, Moses B. Hess, George Oliver, Adoniram Dan, Alexander English, the Messrs Curtis and others who have identified themselves with the developements of this favored locality: and of Bay uity-J. Baptiste Truedell, Sydney S. Campbell, James McCormick, Albert Miller, Cromwell Barny, Daniel Chapel the Messrs. Tromble, Captain Israel Marsac, James Watson, Benjamin F. Pierce, Frederick W. Backus, Israel Catlin, James G. Birney, Curtis Munger, not omitting here the name of Mr. James Frazer, the later years of whose life were identified with this place; the announcement of whose death yet lingers so painfully in our ears; all of whose names, together with many others not here enumerated, are worthy of an enduring place in the early annals of this storied Valley-Nobiles Fratres-have worked out the prophecies of the French philosopher, De Tocqueville, to a perfect solution, a full fruition, and have stamped upon the friendly predictions of 1831 the undying impress of Truth. BATTLE OF SKULL ISLAND. The following communication was prepared by William [McCormick, now an honored citizen of Portsmnouth, which we publish by request:lhessrs. Galatian a- T7zomnrs, Gents: —I modestly offer the following narrative for publication il your history of Saginaw. Being one of the early pioneers of this valley brought up on the frontier with no advantages and no society except the hardy adventurer and the Indians,it must not therefore be expected to find the theme as interesting as if penned by a more skilfull hand. My father emigrated to the Valley when I was but ten years old; my associates were mostly among the Indians, which language I became almost as familiar with as my own; and for a great many years was engaged In the fur trale. Daring this time I used to go up the different tributaries of the Saginaw to buy furs, and on nearly all such occasions I found indications that the Saginaw Valley was inhabited by a different race of people prior to the present Indians. On nearly all the tributaries can be found mounds filled with human bones which I have opened for my own satisfaction and found them lying in all directions showing they were thrown together without any regularity, upon which I became satisfied they were killed in battle. This awakened in me a curiosity to find out what people they were, and where and what had become of them. I often questioned the Indians in regard to it, but they would invariably say that there were two or three very old Indians living on the Bay that could tell me all about it, telling me their names. Accordingly in one of my journeys to the bay I sought out the Indians in question, I think E ') - B;.ATTLE OF SKULL ISLAND. this was in 1834. I found him a very old man, I asked him his age. He said lie thought lie was a great deal over 100 years. His faculties were as bright as a man of 50. I told him I understood lie could give me the tradition of his race. He said he could as it was handed down to him by his grandfather, who he said was older than he was now when he told him. For fear I should not get it correct I called to my aid an educated man who was part Indian, Peter Grewett, a man well known by the early settlers as an Indian trader and is still living I believe in Gratiot County, and has spent his life with the Indians, in in the fur trade, and was for many years in the employment of the Anmerican Fur Company. The old Indian (Puttaguasamine, which was his name) commenced as follows: He said the Socks occupied the whole of the Saginaw river and its tributaries, extending from Thunder Bay on the north to the head of the Shiawassee on the south and from Lake Michigan on the west to Detroit on the east. The balance of Michigan was occupied by the Pottawatomies, and the Lake Superior country was occupied by the Chippewa and Ottawas, while the Mlonomonies was at the head of Green Bay in Wisconsin, and another tribe west of the Mississippi, which he called the Sous. The main village of the Socks stood on the west side of the Saginaw river just below where the residence of Mr. Frank Fitzhugh now is, and opposite the mill of the Hon. N. BI. Bradley. The Socks were always at war with their Chippewa neighbors on the north and the Pottawatomies on the south and also with other nations in Canada, until at last a Council was called consisting of the Chippewas, Pottawatomies, Monomonies, Ottawas and Six Nations of New York. At an appointed time they all met at the Island of Mackinaw, where they fitted out a large army and started in bark canoes, and came down the west shore of Lake Huron. They then stole along tle west shore of Saginaw bay by night, and lay concealed during the day, until they arrived at a place about ten miles from the mouth of Saginaw, a place called lIetobegong. Here they landed part of their BAT'ILE OF SKULL ISLAND. 35) army, while the rest crossed the Bay and landed to the east of the mouth of the Saginaw river in the night. In the morning both armies started up the river, one on each side, so as to attack both villages at once. The army on the west side attacked the main village first by surprise, and massacred nearly all; the balance retreated across the river to another village, which stood near where the Court House now stands, near the ferry, in Portsmouth. At this time that part of the army that had landed on the east side of the river came up and a desparate battle took place in the vicinity of the residence of Wm. R. McCormick, that being the highest land and where they had attempted to fortify themselves; and at the present time by digging in this hill you will find it full of human bones which were killed in that battle. Here they were again defeated; they then crossed the river and retreated to Skull Island, which is the next island above what is now called Stone's island. Here they considered themselves safe as their enemies had no canoes and they could fortify themselves. But the next night after their retreat to the island the ice froze thick enough for the allies to cross, which they did, when another massacre ensued; here they were all exterminated with the exception of twelve females. Since which time this island has been called Skull island, from the number of skulls found on it in after years.The allies then divided, some going up the Cass, some up the Flint, others up the Shiawassee, Tittabawassee and so on, where there were different bands located. But the largest battles were fought on the Flint; one about half a mile below the present city of Flint on the bluff. Another Indian traditionist says another reinforcement met them here coming through from Detroit, here there is a large number of mounds filled with bones which can be seen at the present day. They then came down the river and fought another battle on the bluff. about a mile above the present village of Flushing on the farm formerly owned by a Mr. Bailey. Here there is also a large number of mounds yet to be seen, and, if you should dig them open as I have, you will find them filled with human bones. 06;BATTLE OF SKUC'I, [SIND. The next battle was fought about 16 miles below Flushing on the farm foimerly occupied by the late James McCormick. There were several battles fought on the Cass, at what is now called the Bend or Bridgeport Center, wvhere there was a fortification of earth work which was plainly to be seen 35 years ago. The next important battle was fought on the Tittabawassee just above the farm on which the late Jamles Fraser first settled when he came to the Saginaw valley. This diflers from the rest as the remains of the slain were all buried in one mound, and it is a very large one. After the extermination of the whole nation, with the exception of the twelve females before spoken of, a council of the allies was then held, to know what should be done with them. Some were for torturing and killing, others for sparing their lives, finally it was agreed they should be sent west of the Mississippi, and an arrangement was made with the Sioux that no tribe should molest them, and the Sioux should be responsible for their protection, which agreement was faithfully kept. The conquered country, of which the present Saginaw valley is a part, was then divided among them all as a common hunting ground. But a great many who came here to hunt never returned nor were ever heard of. It became the opinion of the Indians that the spirits of the dead Socks still haunted their hunting grounds and were killing off their hunters; when, in fact, it was a few Socks who had escaped the massacre and still lingered around their hunting grounds watching for straggling hunters and killing them where ever an opportunity occurred. Ton-do-gong, an Indian chief who died in 1840, told me he killed a Sock while hunting when a boy, this must have been over 80 years ago, and up to a few years ago the Indians still believed there was a Sock in the vicinity. They had seen the place where he had made his fires and slept. I have known them to get together and not hunt for several days for the reason, they said, there was a Sock in the woods, they had seen where he had slept; I used to laugh at them but it was of no avail, you could not make them believe otherwise. B \1TTLFr. 0F SKULLT ISl. NIL 3r7 But to go back to the Indian tradition, the country was considered as haunted, and no more Indians came here to hunt, although game was abundant. Finally, it was converted into what would be termed among civilized nations a Penal colony; every Indian who committed a crime would flee or be banished to the haunted hunting grounds (Saginaw valley), to escape punishment, for the Indian laws were more severe and strict then, than now. This was long before we becatie degraded by coming in contact with the whites, said the Indian. Tlhe Chippewas becoming the most numerous finally their language predominated, and at the present time the Indians in the Saginaw valley do not speak, in all respects, the same as the Chippewas o)i Lake Superior, from which they originally sprung; showing that the mixing of different nadons in the Saginaw valley has been the cause of the same. Iut-ta-gua-sa-mine said his grand father told it to him when he was a boy, which was 90 years before, and that it had been handed down to his grand father from his ancestors and was a custom with him to repeat it often to his people, so that the tradition or history should not be lost, and a successor was always appointed in case the traditionist should die, that the history of the nation should not be lost, and be handed down from generation to generation. I have talked with two other old Indians on the same subject, and their tradition is precisely the same, word for word with one exception; they say the battles on the Flint were fought by the army coming from I)etroit. I have no doubt the above is a correct narrative, as nmuch so as if it had been written at the time and handed down to us as a matter of history. I cannot close this rough narrative without a kind rememberance to those early pioneers who shared our privations and our happiness. I say privations, they certainly were; for weeks and months there was not a barrel of flour in the valley; our nearest mill was Pontiac, and nothing but an Indian trail; we had to get to Flint the best we could, and then bring it down the river in canoes. But we always had one resource that never failed us, which was to pound corn in a mortar. If one had a few pounds 38 BATTLE OF SKULL ISLAND. of flour he shared it with his neighbor, in fact they were more like relatives than neighbors. Perhaps it would be interesting to your readers to know who those pioneers were, or some of them: Gardner and Ephraim Williams, Judge Jewett, James McCormick, who lived on the Flint, James Fraser, Judge Davenport, Judge Miller of Portsmouth, Thomas Simpson alias Lix-abo-ga, and Judge Stowe of Flint. But they are all passing away. PIONEER. SALT. -- -—. —~ --- - Although the question as to the existence of a salt basin here was demonstrated as late as 1860, yet it was agitated when the country was quite new. It was known that many surface indications or deer-licks were found, and most of these were called salt springs. When Congress in June 1836 passed an act providing for the admission of Michigan into the Union and for settling the Northern boundary of Ohio, it was among other things provided that "all the salt springs within the State not exceeding twelve in number" with six sections of land adjoining each might be selected by the State, and in pursuance of this act, the Legislature of Michigan by act of July 25th, 1836, authorized the Governor of the State to make the selection. Most of the lands were selected in the Grand River Valley, but one tract was selected on the Tittabawassee river at the mouth of Salt river, and by Act approved March 24th, 1838, the State Geologist, (Douglas lHoughton) was "authorized and directed as soon as "practicable at one or more of the State salt springs to commence boring for salt. " An appropriation of $3,000 was made to defray the expenses of the work. Pursuant to this direction Dr. Houghton selected one point in the south-west corner of Section 24, in township 15 North, of Range 1 West, on the west side of the Tittabawassee river and about half a mile below the mouth of the Salt river, and commenced operations. His report will be found in Senate Documents for 1839, page 1; we make the following extracts:"The brine springs of our State, like those of Ohio, Pennsyl"vania, and Virginia, emanate from a rock which lies deep "being covered with a mass of rock and earthy matter which 40 S ALT STATISTICS. " (in order to procure salt water which can be economically "used) it is necessary to penetrate. In this respect they differ, most essentially from those of the State of New York, for in "that State a simple earth excavation has proved amply suffi"cient to ensure an abundant supply of water of a superior "quality. "The appearance of a salt spring at the surface'is, of itself " very far from being evidence of the existence of water of value "below. It is only a single link in the chain of facts. " "The State salt lands on the Tittabawassee river, in Midland "County are peculiarly cligbly situated being a few miles below "the head of navigation of that stream. and embracing the "mouth of Salt river. A re-examination of this saline district, "showed it to be more extensive than had been supposed, and it " was in consequence of this, in connection with the strength and "purity of its numerous springs, deemed a strong point for "commencing operations." He states that he commenced active operations at this point about the middle of June, 1838, and that during the remainder of the year there had been expended $2,118 67 on this work.That the shaft was begun on the bank of the river, and he adds: "It is proposed to sink this shaft already commenced to the " rock which may be estimated to lie at the depth of something " over 100 feet and to secure it carefully from the influx of fresh " water-having accomplished this, the salt rock, which will "probably be found at this point to lie at a depth of between five "and seven hundred feet, will be reached in the usual manner "and until this be fully accomplished, we cannot holpe to arrive "at any satisfactory conclusion on the subject." In his report dated January 6th, 1840; (Senate I)oc. 1840, page 153), he says the indications at the shaft are such as to " add ' confidence to the hope before expressed of eventual success, in "the object sought, if the plan proposed be carried out." On the 5th of January, 1842, he reports (House I)oc., 1842, page 15) that the shaft has only reached a depth of 139 feet, as the result of nine months continuous labor of the coutractor. S.T,T STATISTICS. 41 Great difficulties were experienced in sinking the iron tubes in consequence of the character of the materials passed through, consisting of clay, sand, gravel and boulders. He repeats his confidence in the final result; but looks for no beneficial results until a depth of at least 600 feet shall be reached. But notwithstanding his confidence, which was shared by the Legislature, at appears from the report of the committees to whom his several reports were referred, when the appropriation was exausted the great expense of the work at such a distance from machine shops, and from a base of supplies, together with the financial dfculties of the State, was such that it a as thought best by the Legislature to abandon this shaft, at least, until some future period. During the several years that the work was in progess Dr. Houghton passed much of his time in Saginaw, and in his intercourse with the people, fully impressed them with the same confidence which he had in the existence of a salt basin in this valley. He informed them that the act under which the appropriation was made, required him to commence on the State salt spring land, but that it was his opinion that the centre of the basin would be found at or near the mouth of Tittabawassee river, about two miles above the present site of East Saginaw.And after the work was abandoned by the State, Hon. Norman Little and others continued firm in the belief founded upon their confidence in the opinion of Dr. Houghton, that a shaft had only to be sunk to the depth of from 600 to 1,000 feet to find strong brine at any point in this vicinity. But the experience of the State led them to believe that it was no idle task to make the experiment, and that whoever should take the risk would be obliged to invest a large sum, which, in case of success, would benefit his neighbors as much as himself. Thus matters stood until the session of the Legislature in 1859, when a bill was in. troduced to appropriate $10,000 to aid in developing of salt springs in the Grand river valley. As soon as the pendency of this Bill was known at East Saginaw, a public meeting was called and the unjust discrimination in favor of Grand Rapids was F 42 SATI, STATISTICS. bitterly complained of. It was believed that the chances of success at Saginaw were at least equal to those of Grand Rapids. As the country had beconie better known about Saginaw, it was found that the surface indications of the existence of brine were abundant, and were found existing in the greatest profusion at about an equal distance from the point selected by Dr. IIoughton as the centre of the basin, and almo1st in every direction froml that centre. This lneeting was held at the office of Chas. 13. Mott, Esqr., on the 26th of January, 1859. And on motion of lion. N. little, Dr. Geo. A. Lathrop was called to the chair andflV. I,. Webber was appointed Secretary. Dr. Lathrop on taking the chair stated that fronl an examiinnation made by himself and fronm information froml otlhers he la(d no doubt of the correctness of the opinion entertained by I)r. Houghton, but as a large outlay would be required, and as it was a matter of general and public interest, it was thought best to apply to the Legislature for some encouragement. Other gentlemen present expressed great confidence in the existence of strong brine, and a commlittee consisting of lIon. Norman Little, Morgan LJ. Gage, )1r. Lathrop, and W. L. Webber. were appointed to draft a petition to the Legislature and also a bill for such aid and protection as in the opinion of the committee the Legi.slature would be likely to grant. The colmmittee believing the Legislature would be m(;re readily disposed to encourage the enterprise by a bounty contingent on the success of the experiment than by direct appropriation, proposed a bill on that lprinciple, and the result was that the Bill to appropriate $10,000t)(l for Grand Rapids was laid aside and this bill, with a few amllendments, was passed and was approved Feb. 15th, 1859. The Act exempts all property used in the business fronm taxation:1nd provides for the payment of a bounty of ten cents per bushel on all salt made. Beloiving that the State would in good faith carry out tle provisions of the Bounty law, in case the company should succeed, and induced to embark in the enterprise by their foaith ill SALT STATISTICS. 43 the result, on the 30th of March, 1859, a subscription book was opened for the formation of a corporation under the general manufacturing law of Michigan, for the manufacture of salt, said company to be called the "East Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Company, " to have a capital of $50,000 to consist of two thousand shares. In two days the whole amount was subscribed, and on the 16th of April 1859 the articles of association were signed. The names of those to whom this valley and the State at large are indebted for the final settlement of the question as to the existence of brine, with the proportion of each in the venture, will appear in the list following; showing the names of the parties associating in the first instance: William L. P. Little W. L. Webber for We James L. KIetcham George A. Lathrop I). G. Holland M. B. Hess A. English John F. Driggs Win. J. Bartow Wmm. F. Glasby Jesse Hoyt Chas. B. Mott H. C. Potter C. B. Jones John Derby Wm. C. Yawkey Geo. W. Merrill D. W. C. Gage O. P. Burt C. HI. Gage Perry Joslin - - 120 Shares. sbber & Wheeler, - - 120 120 - 120 120 - 120 " 120 120 120 - 120 - 180 - - - 120 120 120 120. -- 40 - - 40 - 20 - -- 20 - 10 - - - 10. 2,000 Total 44 SA LT STATISTICS. The first Board of Directors consisted of Dr. Lathrop, President, W. L. P. Little, Treasurer; W. L. Webber, Secretary; and Messrs. Chas. B.I'Mott, James L. Ketcham, Moses B. Hess, H. C. Potter, George W. Merrill, and W. F. Glasby. As soon as the Company was fully organized a conditional purchased was made of ten acres of land just at the lower part of East Saginaw, from Mr. Hoyt to sink the well upon, it being agreed that if brine was not found, Mr. Hoyt would relieve the company front payment for the land. A committee consisting of Geo. W. Merrill and S. R. Kirby was employed to visit Syracuse, in the State of New York, to learn what kind of a building and what kind of machinery were wanted to bore the well. On their return pioceedings were at once instituted to erect a suitable building, to procure machinery, and to commence active operations. Being entirely new to all the employees, the work progressed slowly in comparison with work of that character at the present day, and although greatly encouraged by every change as the boring proceeded, yet, the board determined not to deceive themselves, nor others, by their discoveries. It was not until the 7th of February, 1860, that a report was made by the Board to the stockholders. From this report we make the following extract: "We have been aware of your natural anxiety for informa" tion during the progress of the work, but the Board of Direc"tors at an early day adopted the policy of studiously witholding "the facts developed from time to time, however encouraging, "lest they might excite hopes which the final result would fail "to satisfy. We are happy now to assure you that Saginaw "possesses salt water, second in strength and purity, and we "believe in quantity to none in the United States." The report then gives the details of their boring and the analysis of brine and closes with the assurance that at as early a day as practicable, the manufacture of salt would be commenced in at least two blocks. The effect of this report on the community is stated by the Courier of February 9th, 1860, to have been "like an electric shock." SALT ST ATISTICS. 45 We give a condensed view of the borings of the first well which was 3| inches in diameter, as kept by 1)r. Lathrop who gave it his daily personal supervision: t epthIf Intervening Thickness of At pth 'hickness formation ( )92 92 92 79 79 171 40 211 23 234 12 246 10 256 I S3 123 2'94 105> 10() 399 65 (65 4(4 3 467 20 487 29 5)16 43 5559 10 69; 9 1| 595 3 (i0J 159 ('20 7 (27 6 169 633 14 Description of Rocks, &;. Alluvial and ihiluvial materials. Sal. 1. Brown sandstone with angular grains.Temp. 47 v; Sal. 2 O Shales, first dark, then light. Sii(14tone iland 3 or 4 feet of Co \L. (Ilighly irenaceous, Fire (lay I) Shales, below, da;k bituminous. Slandstone( with thin seamns COAL. Shales. Temp. 50 c. Sal. 14-. D)i-harge 80 gal. per minute. 'hlite Sandstone. Limestone embanm ing 6 bed- of '.sandlstone.' tromrn 6 inh to 2 feet thickness, (the uppermost bed five and half feet,) and termnnatinrg in an 1senllaeous limeestone with 'laly imattr. Shales. Sandtstone, Sal. 26. 8khales. Shale.,, wiF interca(lated sandstones 6 in. to 2 feet thick. Sal. 44.-60 ~. Fine -andstone, blue. Sal. 64. at 568 ft. ["Waterlime '"1 i)trk shales. Fin blu e saind stone, ['"Waterlimre!" 3 1-2 feet,hale at 59!) 1-2 feet. Greyis-h, coar.ser sandstone with angular grains. I)ark shales. S dt l(lstone, h;ird, becolling ni(a.l:reouls ---at 610 f. calcareous. D)ark shale,. Limestone, hard, tbrown. Fine sandstone, continuing at 647. Brine nitm ly salt irated. This shaft was afterwards sunk to a depth of 742 feet to red shales. The Company at once ordered the sinking of a second well, and pursuant to the act under which they were incorporated, increased their capital stock to $250,000, the new stock being all taken in proportion to the previous stock by the shareholders. The two blocks were completed and the boiling of salt commenced the later part of June 1860, but no salt was packed until July 1860. From that date until July 1861 the total production of this Company was 10,722 Barrels, of 280 pounds each. For the year ending July 1, 1862, the production of this Company alone was 32,250 barrels. Immediately on the fact being demonstrated that strong brine of excellent quality existed here, other companies were formed, 4(G SALT STATISTICS. who could now safely prepare works for manufacturing salt while their wells were being sunk, and although six years from the making of the first salt in the valley has not elapsed, the manufacture has assumed gigantic proportions. COMPARATIVE I'IOGRESS. The manufacture of Salt was commenced at the ()nondaga Salt Springs, in New York, June 20, 1797. Salt made 1st year; 5,095 barrels., ( 20th " 181(;-......-.. 6(9,733 " 40th " 18o6....... 382,572 " "41st " 1837,?....- 433,455 " " 66th " 1S62.... *1,810,775 " At Kanawha, Virginia, Salt was manufactured as early as 1804. Made in 1829 ----- -- 130,000 barrels. ' " 1860.-...-......- 7.... ~ 700.000 " SALT IMADE IN SAGINAW, MICII. 1st year, 1860 - 4,000 barrels. 2d " 1861 125,000 " 3d " 1862- 243,000 " 4th " 1863..... ----. 466,356 " 5th " 1864- 529,073 " The first investment in the salt business on Saginaw river, was by the East Saginaw Salt Manufacturing Company, at East Saginaw, in 1859. Present value of the salt investment in the Saginaw river district; nearly two and a half million dollarsabout the same value it was estimated all the salt works in the Onondaga district would hold at the end of the year 1860.[Report Supt. Onondaga Salt Springs, for 1859, I. 15.] "Fifty years of progress in the manufacture of salt in the Kanawha Valley did not eqaul the progesss made in four years in Saginaw Valloy, and forty-two years progress at the Onondaga Salt Springs, the leading salt producing locality in the United States since 1797, did not equal the progress made there in five years. In 1860, a gentleman who was for some time Superintendent of the Onondaga Salt Company, and for years one of the SU'T STATISTICS. 4 47 mxost careful, practical and successful salt manufacturers in 'New York, who possessed the fullest knowledge of all matters pertaining to the question of markets as well (as mianufactulre, gave it as his opinion that it would be at least fiv-e years, fro-it fthat timie before the annual product of Saginaw Valley would reach one million buishels-200,000( bll)s -and that lbeforo then. theo demands of the Western market wvould bel increased to ani extent which would require this amount in addition to the customary snpp~ly from the Onondaga Company. How that prediction was verified in regardl to the Saginaw nfanufacturle, miay be Seen by reference to the fore-going talble. Thie product for the, 3d year, 1862, being 1,2115, 000 butshels. The shipments of'Saginaw Salt to Chicago, for 1864, thel ".5th year of manufiactur~e," were 3138,87 bbls, aai excess of' 120,887 bbls. over the entire, receipts of (lomestie salt in that mnarker for 1860, and 12,115 1)bl-..-nore thanr wvere received there, du~ring, the, past year froml the, Onondaga Comipany. We appemi a statistical tiable of the salt buisiness of P 65_. SUMMAINA Y. Number of Companies in. operation, - ~ 7 Blocks__________ -- -- - I1I8 Kettles, — 4,210 Solar Covers,- --- -4,9-19 Acres Land, —,475,, Investment, — -$, 2.69,50( Salt made in 1865, (barrels) — 529,078 Men emiployed, —_ Cords of wood consumed, 109,868 Agygregrate value of wood. — 2 S6 5 4 5 Value of barrels used, — 2 880 7 4 Aggregate value of salt at shiipp)iim point- -$1 19O,410 "The disproportion. betwecn the aggregate value of wood and the number of cordls given, is explainted by the fact that mnany works where mill fuel is used have given the value without any estimate as to number of cords. As at lpresent carried on, the demand for w,%ood for salt manufacture in the Saginaw Valley will require eac-h year the tirlber off from about 3,000 acres of land. LUMBER. T'he lumber tract comprised in the Saginaw Valley is probably the most extensive as well as the most valuable tract in the world. Its extent is measured by thousands of acres, and the quantity of timber is so great that it must afford an abundant supply for several generations to come. The quality of lumber is unsurpassed. In 1861 a quantity of deals were shipped to Quebec and those were of such a quality as to call out the following from the Montreal Gazette: " The deals that have reached Quebec this season from the "district of country known as the Saginaw Valley, in Michi"gan, are allowed to be the best quality that has been placed on the "market." A portion of these deals were shipped from Quebec to Liverpool, England, by Messrs. Farmer, DeBlaquiere & Deeds, whereupon their correspondent advised these gentlemen that the shipment was of the best quality ever offered in that market. The great advantages of the Saginaw Valley over other lumber districts, lies not alone in the superior quality of the article produced, but also in the peculiar facilities for manufacture and shipment. The numerous tributaries of the Saginaw river, reaching in their ramifications into the very heart of the heavily timbered districts, afford abundant avenues for the easy transportation of logs in rafts and floats to the mills. These being mainly located on the navigable portion of the river, vessels can take their cargoes of lumber direct from the mill docks, and thus a great saving in the cost of preparing for shipment as compared LUMBER STATISTICS. 49 with other localities where lumber is necessarily transported many miles on wagons or by Railroad. Another advantage over many timber sections is that shipments of lumber may be made direct from the mills in the Saginaw Valley to all parts of the world. Direct shipments have been made from Saginaw to nearly every Eastern, Central and Southern State, to California, Liverpool, London, France, the Sandwich Islands, Australia, Valparaiso, and many other foreign ports, and everywhere it stands unrivalled as to quality. The kinds of lumber produced are White I'ine, or cork pine, as it is sometimes termed, straight grained and free from pitch, the most valuable, and from which the upper qualities are made; Sapling Pine which cuts mainly into fencing, flooring, common and lower qualities, and Norway Pine, firmer, but free from pitch, and peculiarly adopted to bridge and car building purposes, deck plank etc. Hemlock is also found in abundance and is worked into fencing and joists. Small quantities of White Wood, Black Walnut, Cherry, Ash and Oak are also sawed for local use. The evident advantages of the Saginaw lumber district in quality and variety of the article produced, and its peculiar facilities for reaching the best markets, has attracted the attention of heavy capitalists from the east, and we may look for a rapid and unparalleled developement of the resources of the locality. The Saginaw River is the great outlet through which the vast quantity of lumber that enriches the acres of the lower peninsula must find its way to market; and along the shores of the navigable portion of this stream are located the numerous mills which prepare the lumber for transportation to distant ports; much of the business energy and capital engaged in the production of lumber is also located on the Saginaw River, and these facts make it a matter of importance that fuller statistics should be given in this work. The Saginaw River, reaching from the village of Salina to the Saginaw Bay-about twenty-five miles-is navigable for 0 50 LUMBER STATIST[CS. the largest class of lake vessels. A few miles up from where the stream ceases to be navigable for large boats, the River divides into four channels, known as the Cass, the Flint, the Shiawassee and the Tittabawassee rivers-the two former coming in from the eastern part of the lower peninsula, the Shiawassee from the southern, and the Tittabawassee from the northwestern portion. These streams divide and sub-divide into numerous water courses, too shallow to be navigable, yet sufficiently deep and wide to allow the free transit of logs through them to the larger streamls and to the mills. The four principal rivers mentioned, which, at their confluence, form the Saginaw river, extend, in their numerous ramifications, throughout the greater portion of the Saginaw lumber region, and afford the most feasible outlets for the vast supply of logs along their shores. Indeed there is no other natural outlet for the extensive lumber tract of the lower peninsula than that through the Saginaw valley, and whatever of lumber is taken by any other route to market from this district, must be taken at such an additional expense as to make it far less profitable to the producer than if taken by this natural course. Such, then, is the relation of the Saginaw Valley to the great lumber producing section of the lower peninsula of Michigan. Now, let us glance at the lumber section itself, and we may then form an estimate of its importance to the State at large, and of its intrinsic value to the district most intimately connected with its production and sale. The lumber region comprises, in whole or in part, the following counties; viz: IMidland, Isabella, Gladwin, Ros-nommon, Huron, Salinac, lapeer, Genesee, Tuscola, Saginaw, Gratiot, Clare, losco, Ogemaw, Montcalm, Mecosta, Ingham and Livingston. The four first named are wholy within the lumber section, while the remainder are in part covered with heavy timber lands. The whole region comprises several hundred square miles of territory. — This large section of land is drained almost exclusively by LUMBE~R STrATISTICS. S r, I 0 the tiibutaries of the Saginaw river. It is calculated that pine territory will average five thousand feet per acre and the estimate therefore is, that;t will take over twenty years to exhaust the pine at the Ipresent rate of consumption; and, besides the pine timber, there is an inimense amiount of hemilock and oak. It was not until the year 1 448 that this began to be looked upon as a lumber region; and from that time until 1 8,50 the business was not verxv extensivel' carriedl on. In the latter year, with but seventeen Mirlls inl (opration, the busirnesq began to.start up. and it.- increase has since beeni rapid. From 1851 to I 8,57 large, tracts of land, then in thre hands of the (Governmrent, were taken up. and the business assumied miammoth proportions, A number of additional mills were putl into operation, hinreasing the wvhole numbr to thirty-three. The seventeen wills, operating in 1 850 had a capacity of 25,000,000 feet per annium. The thirty-three muills, in 1857, had acpct f,0,0 feet. In 186(0 the numnber of mills was forty-one. with a capacity of 12~5,000,000 teet. There area now in oIperatioa on the Saginaw River, proper, fifty SOeve mills, with a cap~acity for sawing '300,000,000 feet p~er annum. The introduction of iniproved mnachinery has increased the annual production of lumber far bey-,ond the increase in the number of mills in the valley.The estimated value of the p~ine lumber cut during the p~ast year, is *4,200,000. It finds a market in all thle eastern States, Via Buffalo, Oswego aund Ogdensburg; in Cincinnatti and all parts of Ohio, via Cleveland and Sanduskv: in Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, -Nebraska and southern \Visconsin. A large portion of the lumber consumed in the western States mentioned finds its way thither via Toledo and C1hicago. Even Philadelphia and Baltimore, among the eastern cities, receive a large share of' their lumlber from this region. Nearly all the old producing sections such as the Susquehanjia, the (Jhemuivng. and the Alleghany districts have ceased to be producers and have become consumers of luttiber. Ohio has but recently become a market for the best qualities of Saginaw lumber. 5 r LUMBER STATISTICS. As a matter of statistical information we may state that in the year 1865 the Tittabawassee river rafted out one hundred and fifty millions; the Cass, fifty millions; the Flint, thirty millions, and the Bad river-a tributary of the Shiawassee —twenty millions of feet of pine saw logs, board measure, besides which, many logs came front other sources. There are fourteen shingle mills on the Saginaw, Cass and Tittabawassee rivers, which made last year (1865) sixty-five million shingles. There are also a large number of stave factories, and the quantity of staves produced is no small item in the aggregate of commercial wealth centering in the Saginaw valley. LIST OF MILLS ON THE SAGINAW RIVER. SALINA. No. of feet zawed in 1)65. Bundy & Lowman, -. --- — 5,250,000 Sutherland,.. -- -------------------- 500,000 J. F. Rust & Co., --- 3,500,000 SAGINAW CITY. Green & Harding, --- 3,500,000 Forest City, (Lee & Leavitt), — 5,300,000 Heather & Allison,-. — - -. — ------ 3,500,000 V. A. Payne,-. ---,-..-. ---- -.... 5,300,000 Williams Bros, (two mills), ---. — 5,000,000 Wright & Pierson, --- -— 3,000,000 Barnard & Binder, — -.. - -- ----- new — EAST SAGINAW, FLORENCE AND CARROLLTON. Curtis & Corning.- -4,000,000 N. H. Chapman & Co., --- —. - -- 4,000,000 Chapin Mill,-.. --—. — 5,000,000 Briggs, - 4,000,000 F. P. Soars & Co.,- 7,000,000 Geo. C. Warner & Co., -6,550,000 Warner & Eastman, ---- 3,800,000 LU IBEB STATISTICS. 53 Lee, (2 mills)-. —, ---.4,300,000 Little, Col. W. L. P. & Co,-. --- —-----—. 4,100,000 Holland Mill, -. -........- - 3,300,000 Garrison,..-.-........ 4,200,000 Seth McLane,.. - 3,500,000 Bliss, Grant & Sailor, —.... - 3,200,000 Chicago Salt & Lumber Co,- 3,000,000 Merrills,.... ----.-... 5,650,000 Shaw & Williams,. --------------- -. ---. 6,500,000 W. R. Burt, ------ --—.-^.. 5,300,000 Gould,.. ----. —.,, 3,000,000 E.C. Litchfield,.. ---.-.-. -. 6,000,000 Hall& Co., --.- - newButtman & Co., --- new — Oneida Salt and Lumber Co., --—.. —.. ---..- - 8,000,000 Rust, Eaton & Co.,. --- —--------. 9,453,500 B.XY CITY AND PORTSMOUTH. Watrous & Southworth, -.-. --- —--,- -.- 3,000,000 Youngs,- 1,250,000 Miller & Post,4 --- ----- 4,000,000 Peters & Lewis, 4,000,00o J. J. McCormick,. — 4-.... 4,400,000 J. F. Rust & Co., ---- ----. 4,000,000 Watson, ---—. —.. 3,000,000 N. B. Bradley,.-. --- --.... 6,800,000 Wm. Peters, —. --- —- - 7,200,000 Miller & Co.,.. ---- 6,000,000 H. M. Bradley & Co., —. —.. --- —-. ---._-.. 4,000,000 Catlin & Jennison,-, --- 3,500,000 Fay & Gates, ------ -- - - - - - - - 4,500,000 James Shearer, -..... — _.. 6,815,000 Samuel Pitts, 6,800,000 Dolson & WValker, —. —... 1,500,000 MeEwen & Fraser, --------—.... 6,000,000 Braddock's Mills,.. --- —-.. 3,000,000 54 LiUMBER STATISTICS. WENONA, BANGOR AND KAW-KAW-LIN. Huron Salt & Lumber Co., — 3,180.000 Sage & McGraw,- --- 9,000,000 Drake Mill, ----- --- --- -.-......... 3,000,000 Bolton,. --- —--- - - -. ----.-. 5.500,000 Taylor & Moulthrop,-. ----..... 6,000,000 Moore & Smith, - ----- - --- - 7,000,000 Kaw-kaw-lin, ----... —,..-. ---000,000 EXPORTS FROM BAY CITY FOR 1864. Lumber, ft., --- —.. 141,R06,391 Salt, bbls.,. ----. --- 397,295 Shingles, --- 7,321,500 Lath, 8, —,831, 850 Staves,. ----.-. —. 1,794,876 No. of vessels cleared during the season, 852 Average per month,. — 107 EXPORTS FOR 1865: Lumber, ft., -154,727,945 Salt, bbls., -259,061 Shingles,- -..6,420,250 Lath,. --- —-----—. -.- -. -—. 8,011,080 Staves,_____- - - ---------— _ --- -- 3,957,366 No. of vessels cleared during season,- 1004 Average per month,.-. 125k THE SAGINAW RIVER FISH TRADE IN WINTER. We extract the following from the Saginaw Daily Enterprise, in regard to the fish trade of the Saginaw River: "A new and important branch of trade has grown up in the Saginaw Valley within the past two years, opening a market for an article of which our streams, bayous, and the bay shores, FISH. 5.5 afford, as yet, an ample supply. We refer to the trade in Fresh River Fish, which are shipped as fresh fish, undressed and unsalted, during the cool season. This trade opened during the winter of 1864-5, through the enterprise and negotiations of '" uncle" Harvey Williams, the pioneer, and still leading, fisherman of this region. During the early part of that season, Mr. Williams was consulted by a member of a New York firm, who was investigating the practicability of arranging a fishing ground where white fish could be caught alive and kept in ponds, to be taken out as wanted. That scheme Mr. Williams considered inlpraticable, as there was no suitable place on the bay shore for carrying it out. But while discussing this question, the idea of sending our common river fish to the New York market was suggested, which Mr. Willlams thought was practicable, and volunteered his services, free of charge, during that winter, to inaugurate it. Consequently the fishermen in his employ were offered four cents per pound, and the traffic commenced. The fish found a ready sale in the eastern markets, and preparations were made to go into it on a more extensive scale during the past winter. " The fish are caught under the ice, by cutting a series of holes and passing the nets under from one hole to another. - Various kinds of nets and seines are used, the manner of operating being somewhat different with each. The fishing grounds are in the Saginaw River and bayous connected therewith, and in the bay; and perhaps one hundred men are engaged in it.The kinds caught for this trade are the pickerel, pike, black bass, calico bass and perch. Bull heads and suckers are also caught, but only for the home market. The prices paid have been for pickerel, pike and black bass, 6 to 7s- cents per pound; for calico bass and perch 3 cents. "TThe fish are put up in barrels, frozen or nearly so, and then shipped by express to New York, Cincinnati, and other points; for the trade has greatly expanded, a wider market is found, and other operatrs are engaged in it. The express freight is 5 cents 56 HINTS TO TRAVELERS. per pound, deducting the weight of barrels. A Detroit firm, however, ships to that point, as railroad freight. "The amount shipped by the general dealers engaged in the business, from the 1st of January to the 1st of March last, is as follows: Harrison & Co., 35 tons to Wm. Davis & Sons, Detroit; H. Williams, 20 tons, to New York; McKay, Braddock and others, about 8 tons. In all, 68 tons from under the ice. "The development of this trade thus opens a market for an article that scarcely brought a remunerating price, and for which there was before only a limited local market. - - * HINTS TO TTrAV IELERS. —The FLINT & 1PER} MARQUCETTE, the FLINT & HOLLY and the DETROIT & MAILW.UKIE Railways form a straight connection from DETROIT to SA.GIN.w. These roads by a compact entered into, between their several managers, run their cars, the same as if they were owned by one Company, over one and the same road; thus avoiding any change between Detroit and Saginaw. Passengers coming here from the East will find it to their interest, to purchase through tickets to East Saginaw, at the office of the Great Western Railway Company, as these Roads run in connection, and a great deal of time and trouble will thus be avoided. To BUSIN ES MEN AND PLEUASURE SEEhKERS.-To those about traveling Eastward either for pleasure or business, we will hazard a suggestion, as to which route is the safest, cheapest and most pleasant. In leaving Saginw Valley, of course there is but one route; the Flint & Pere Marquette, Flint & Holly, and Detroit & Milwaukie Roads over which to get to Detroit. From Detroit take the Great Western Railway, of course; as this is the only route that goes directly to SusrENSIoN BRIxoE and NIAoARA FALLS and passes through the famous OIL. REGIONS of CANADA. To speak in tones of praise of this well known and well conducted route, would seem almost useless; for every person must be aware that their track is the smoothest to ride over, and their cleanly Palace Cars, the pleasantest, all the polite and assidu HINTS TO TRAVELERS. 57 uns attentions passengers receive from its employees, the most agreeable, of any route, to or from the West. This road in all its appointments is most perfect; and its management faultless.Take the GREAT WESTERN ROUTE by all means! and we will guarantee you vwil be delighted with your trip. To those going to New York and points in New England, we would especially recommend the ERIE RAILWAY from Buffalo. This Road is the Broad guage line, with wide and roomy cars, magnificently finished and furnished, like the "Great Western" of Canada, you will meet with polite and attentive conductors, a smooth and easy track to ride over, luxurious sleeping cars on all night trains, and a safe, comfortable and speedy transit. A double track, having been laid almost the entire distance from Buffalo to New York, renders it less liable to accidents than other roads not so provided. Without any interest, further than the advancement of the comfort and pleasure of the traveller, we would in all candor, recommend the above routes. 8EAST SCAINITKAW AID 3BAY OIT I.I1~TBn. 1-3 Ce ri TIlE NEW AND SPLENDID LOW PRESSURE STEE ) S ID UPPE CABI STEAEMER, EVENING STAR, L. G. MASON, T. M. IIUBBELL, Mabter, STEPHEN IMEANEY,.Master, Will make regular trips between EAST SAJINAW and BAY CITY du-l Will make regular trips dluring the season-running a'ternate with the ring the season, for pashengers and freight, in connection with trains on "Ev}ENNG STAR,"-between EAST SAGINAW and BAY CITY, touching Flint and Pcre Marquette Eailway. a.t intcemediate landings. QR FOR Fi:EIG-HT OB PASSAGE A _:ppI -Y OOT BOARID. ADVERT~ISEMEN~TS. 5 no C+ z L welae3 59 CA) W UP I."a P I: Co N Oi z t. X )i t e 'dl z t O T T t e:a, t t t t t t t" to, M et N P.) CTIII P 013 Q %.O P P cn %a GO P It C.-I" IrD t O.A...!i rD 11.0 1: P O.A. C/) "I'l J.-A 0 P Cl.. 60 ADVERTISEMENTS. F. & P. M. Railway Company LAND DEPARTMENT. This Company have now FOR SALE in Upwards of 150,000 Acres of choice PINE and FARMING LANDS. Application to purchase any of these Lands, may be made in person or by letter to GEO. S. FROST, Land Commissioner, Detroit. ADVERTISEMENTS. 61 -jag Connects, via Flint & Holly Railway, with Detroit & Milwaukee Railway _A.T HIOL'..Y TICKETS SOLD FOR ALL POINTS, B3AST AINTD WB ST. Freight Rates at low Figures for Lumber, and Shingles to Toledo, Cincinnati, &c. Through Rates on Merchandise from New York & Boston, H. C. POTTER, Superintendent. 62 ADVERTISEMI'NTS. THE CHEAP, PLEASANT AND EXPEDITIOUS ROUTE IS NOW BY THE Trrainis heave I)ETrIZOIT 1Daily with Passeiigers for PONTIAC, HOLLY, FENTONVILLE, FLINT, SAGINAWX, OWOSSO, ST. JOhN'S, LANSING, GRAND RAPIDS, GRAND HAVEN, MUSKEGON, MILWAUKEE, ST. PAUL'S, ST. ANTHONY.,FIRST 'CLASS RELIABLE STEAMSHIPS, Built expressly for this line, ply on the Lakes to arid from each Train. CLOSE CONNECTIONS M3A)E' AT DETROIT wrrH THEl %,UA1T WJE~SThM" Q"FC"AAA FOR BUTFFALO, ROCHESTER, BOSTON, INEW YORK, PIIILADELPHIA, TORONTO, and -with G. T. R., for MONTREAL and QUEBEC. For Egrtsthis Line 05?%r8 Cheap anid Comf'ortable Transit. Vt,;jFor Particnlars see Company's Time- Table, to be bad at any of the Stations en appheation. Tlir, iNElIAPI-A11L USNE 15 OPENT FOR J'U141i1 BIUSiNE'sS. TILOS. BELL, Gen'1'Sup't. 1). & M. It. It. Office, Detroit, 1866. ADVERTISEMHENTS. 638 co 0 IH0 GREAT WESTERN RAIIWAY OF CANADA AND UNITED STATES MAIL ROUTE from Detroit, Mich., to Suispension Bridge N\iagara Fills, and Bra nch Roads from flam-ilton to Toronto. frow flarrisburgli to Gueliph. and froni JKomoka to Sarnia, forming, with its connections the shortest intl best rotute between all. points l'atst anti West Connecting at Detroit with Michigan Central, Detroit & Milwaukee, and MichiganI Southemn Railways, for Chicago, Milwaukie, Cincinnati, St. Louis, St Pauli, and all points WVest, Ntorthwest and Southwest; at Suspension Bridge an Bluffalo, with New Yotrk Central and Erie Railways for Hoehister, Syracuse, Rome, Ogrdcnsburg, Uticai, Albany, Tiny, Saratoga, Springfield, Worcester, Bostoii, New York, Philadelphia, Blaltimore, Watshinlg.. ton and all points East., Northeast andl Satutheast; at tianmiltonl with Royal Mai' Liiie, and at Toroiito, with (hrand frock IRailwvey and Rotyal Mail Line, and Aimerioan Express Line (if Steamiers loin King~ston, Presctott, 'Ogdensburg, Ottawa' Montreal, Quebec, Portland, &e The only t oute via Niaigarai F.all S and Susqlesasion Brid~re ami pae~.m, through the celebrfated Oil R~egion% of (Canuada. FARES AS LOW AS BY OTHER LINES. Sleeping (asonl Night Trains,, a;id Sm)okcing Ca~rs on Day Tra'(t~ ns. Passenger Cars are furnished with Patent Ventilators. BAG'GAGE CIIECIKED T1JROU011 TO ALL, [MPORTANT POINTS. LVAinerican Currency taken at par for Through Fares and Sleeping Car Berths, also for Meals &c., at Refreshment Saloon~s Trains run by Hanmilton Time which is 12 m-inutes loaster than Detroit Time, anld 25 minutes slower than New York Central Railroad Time. Through Tickets by this Ritute are for smile at, all1 the principal Ticket Offices in the United States anil Canadas CHIARLES MNcCABE, Western Passenger Agent, Detroit, Mich. TUOMAS SW'IN YARD, JAMES CHARLTON, G.eneral Manager, Hamilton, C. WV General Agent, Hamilton, C. W. 64 ADV EttTR1SEMENTS. RI KAIL^iVA BROAD GAUGE —DOUBLE TRACK.:P o:zM Buffalo, Dunkirk or Salamanca, TO NEW YORK, BOSTON, And all New England Cities. J-rs Four Express Trains Daily. 460 Miles without change of Coaches, saving 22 miles in distance. Close connections made at Buffalo with GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY TRAINS, at Dunkirk with Lake Shore Railway, and at Salamanca with Trains of A. & G. W. Railway.,;rSEASTERN PASSENGERS should bear in mind that by purchasing Tickets via the ERIE RAILWAY, all the modern improvements in Railway Traveling are secured. jw-rThere is no change of Coaches between Dunkirk, Buffalo, or Salamanca and New York, by which a good night's rest is secured, and the unreasonable changes incident to other lines entirely avoided. New York and New England Plassl'enger setr i inar Tlickets by the Erie Railway ['ecan depend upon making the connections at lDunkirk, Iuffalo and Salamanca, as when necesairy, Trams on this Railway will wait from lr' O)ne to Two Hours for Western Trains tnd mnake regular ruinning time through to New York. B FTickets reading FROM DUNKIRK are good via BUFFALO. The best Ventilated and mlost LUXURIOUS SLEEP'ING COACHES in the World accompany all Night Trains on this Rnilway. Pj PASSENGEIS holding TIIROUGHI TICKETS to any point in New England, will be transferred with their Baggage, through New York FREE OF CHAR'GE. Be sure and secure your Tickets via BR.IE RAILWAY, For sale at all principal Ticket Offices. HUGH RIDDI)LE, F. E. MORE, WM. R. I1UIR, O(en'l Sulp't N. Y. Western Pass'r Ag't, Chicago. (Ge'l lass'r Ag't, N. Y. (4~-AKDVER~TISEMENIS. IAXjLAo f_ ~~_ -- britg, LI r - fl,:IA No. 103, BLISS BLOCK. EAST SAGINAW, - MICHIGAN. TIZ~ES TO o w YOrk Dosoon Staul St ouis, AbySolgug ~incinnati, hica o, ~ utlaodnY Kaosas, Srnio~f~d Mwauk, ~ i Ptad lpia, [a Cross, Washi ogln, O[eon Day, AIT~FID AT4JT4 -POI1TTTS C -~~-~- I foiiuttioll eone)101ilg all Routes fuirnise ap u I~ ItM AM) A. FERGUSON, Agent. 66 AflVEIRTISEMENTS. 1t'RISE C0O11P4 Office,, C,.ornevr or wVstter(,- tnd rntistcola Sres EAST SACINAW,1 MICH. ~he ~ih eutrpr~eIssued every mrniorig, (SunTday excepted, contains the Latest Dispatches, General and Local News, and circulating arrong the lumbermen arid other business men of the Saginaw Valcey, is try far The Best Medium for Advdrtising in Northern Michigan. 4~k~ ~ke~~ t4'JU~,Issued every, Thursdqi, is a very large sheet. filled with the choicest of reading, arid is tldeideilY fire best Furnily Newrspaper ptullished In this part of the State. A limnited number oif Advertisements only admitted, heOffice, furnished with a large asisortinerit if Joa T) e'M of (le Latest Styles and suj erior M~ACHINNE PimFs5E including a FIRST CLASS HOE'S DRUM CYLINDER, Is prepaued to do rail kinds of PLAIN & RNAMENTAL JOB PRINTING, On short notire ande reasonable termts. HAND BILLS. CIRCULARS, LETTER HEADS, TICKETS, POSTERS. BILL HEADS, CARDS, &C., &C. - A LSO, - Book and Pamphlet Work. -Law Cases and Briefs. -Lumber Inspection Bills.-Shipper's Bills.- Commercial Blanks of all descriptions. Steamtboat ct Railroafd Printing, Colored ~V Fancy Wfork. Bank Printing, Drafts. Checks. Certificates, &c., &c. IW-GERMAN PRINTING Correctly and Neatly done. $7- All communications shouild be addressed to ENTSRPtISS OMlP.ArWY', ZA#? OAOUXAW, MIOf. ADVERTISI r M TS. 67 I MPO)RlTERS ANi) Wholesale d& Retail Dealers in AF- k -A R Itisf'f^/l d 'W bOt~"\ (e: u ttt i r y '0N\,D, A-. E RSm,! NO. 209c, GENESE STREET3 EAST SAXQCNAWt NECKB Ar. - -W _ XA W 68 K~~- Pa GNOQ. Avi Dv I: TISIJ.J, rs ' ' ~ A TWTRTISE- 1ANLlS 1 81 rK LN3 WI.3 ' 31 il,,9, I I. i 1 i I i.0 i, i~ '1 01 #, 1? 0' I' (1v \ 0) If stationcrt r O) A.L S TYLS. Choice Assortment of Paper, Envelopes, Blank Work, Blanks, Ink, Desk Fixtures. Gold Peris, and all appurtenances in the line, P 4 F Vt } Mt4 E t-Lh \X H 1 O* U A{}t &iE} t:Xlfj * liju/ s IrnI L 1(. I )f 1148., J1c()., ] I f51, and B1lan I 1.' I; I, \ N I' ( U 1,, A fltai'], Wo ' ork Il cf( to or'der. ~.^ ^a a a a^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ - a* ^ / 4AbVEU ) I' SEW1 L 'LN TS. rr w I 9V AN. F~. G?. ot C1At StEYt,,P ORIT R Bh~ ~oI ))O EA.Sf~C~ T IU, EA STISAC INA,3M IC H u-,, h:, TARSEY RIC & 009i I F ' GR CERIES & PR~O VlSI NS, B F~ 'IN~lePEY~~1~, RBC & WIILDER Whleal and~ Reai Deaer in7~T 3z No,Nrh Weater $tdReeti elesi 4L~ EAST SAGINAWI, MVICHIX~flt 70 A DVERTIS EN E NTS. CHASx SCHUERMIANN, (SUcc(ESSo01 'Tr) BlINDI)E & (co.) JI71olesulle a1 R etil Jt De(i f ) tler i( n Groceries, Provisions, Flour, Feed, Paints, Oils, Crockery, Glass and Stone Ware. Forwarding and Commission Merchants. ALSO, AGENTS FOR WARD'S DETROIT, TOLEDO, AND LAKE SHORE LINE OF STEAMERS. Store and Dock, No. 211, North Water Street. BAY CITY, AIJCfHE.. THE STEAMERS @ —.. SUSAN WARD & SAGINAW WILL ILY REGULARLY BETWEEN East Saginaw and Detroit, TOUCHING at all INTERMEDIATE PORTS. LEJI VING D)ETROJIT FOR HSA6 INA I' EVEYl1 Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. LEA, ING BA Y CITY FORB lDETROIT Mondays, Tuesdays and Saturdays. For Freight or Passago apply to CHAS. SCHUERMANN, BAY CrITY MIICH — ADVERTISEMENTS. 71 CHARLES STRAW, (Successor to Cross & Boardman.) WHOTLESALE ANJ) RETAIJ.L DlEALTEfR IN G I' OGE a t No. 1105, ANrth Tcrter Street, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. DR, P WHIPPLE, 101, Genesee St., 3d floor Office No 9, (Will removeO to (Gen(ice St., o])poite Everett Illnse, about Oct. 1st.) EAST S.GINAW, MICH. Life, Inland and Marine Insurance, and General Agency. 102 (ENESIEE StRlET CORNER OF WATEI ll STREE'T, EA.ST SAG-ITAW,:!ICHI. Njv. Iic articular atten tioln given to comeIaucracingc, and the drLawingq of B'usiness instlruments of every description. i2 NADVEIRTISEMENTS. k F O'tl Fl"oos', b.!iss iW1ock'. N. IlftshiJifjtou St., EAST SAGINAW, MICH. -' bi E. W. LYON & CO., PROPREIETOtS, 9 PARTICULAR ATTENTION GIVEN TO, ' i I, Orders. YLewi Stationery Store,..., First Floor., fy r8e g. = oete HIISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. Saginaw City the County seat of the County of Saginaw, is situated on the west bank of the Saginaw river, eighteen miles from Saginaw Bay, and one and one half miles below the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers, and is navigable to this point for vessels drawing not to exceed eight feet of water at its lowest stage; a depth sufficient to adnit the larger proportion of vessels used in the navigation of the great chain of Lakes with which it connects. A ridge of lan-l extending upwards of two miles, running parallel with the river and a short distance from it, rises to a height of twenty-eight feet above low water mark, and affords the most delightful locations for the constructiol of private residences. That part of the city between this ridge and the river is used for commercial, manufacturing and mercantile purposes. A public square occupies the centre of the City upon which stands the Court House of Saginaw County; an imposing edifice, and one of the finest of the kind in the State of Michigan; and also a brick building containing the County Offices, on each side of this square four handsome Churches are erected besides the Union School House, and the County Jail. The locality of the site of this city far surpasses that of any of its sister cities in the valley, and perhaps is unrivalled in that respect by any city in the west. In the year 1820 the United States Government established on the site now occupied by the central portion of Saginaw City a military post, which was maintained but a few years; about the same time the American Fur Company established a trad|IA 2 nISTORY OF S.AGN-AW CITY. ing post at or near the stuckade erected by the Government, which was maintained until the year 1846. The affairs of the Conlpany for several years welre managed by Win. McI)onald who continued to reside at this place until his death, which occurred in 1851; and also by Gardner D. Willlams until the Conipany ceased to carry on operations here. At the time the Government took possession of the place for military lurposes, the entire country was an unbroken forest. The stockade was constructed on the brow of the liill, near the present residence of the Hon. P. C. Andre, overlooking the river, and during the time the troops were quartered at this place, they cleared the bottom land between the stockade and the river. The tioops were finally withdrawn, and the military post abandoned by the Government; the necessity of maintaining a military post at this point no longer existing. As eaily as the year 1852, John Farly and Samuel McClusky caused a portion of the territory nowm occupied as the city, to be plotted by the name of the Town of Saginaw. But few lots were sold by the proprietors of said plot, and with the exception of a rude hut constructed by a half-breed known as Jack Smith, and a block house by Louis Caulpau in the same year, no improvements were made on the plot thus laid out. The block house erected by Campau was a novelty in regard to the manner of its construction, every portion of it including the roof and floor (excepting the chimneys) having been constructed of timber hewn by the hand of the early pioneers. It was massive in its construction and withstood the ravages of time-a monument to the indefatigable industry of the early French pioneer -until 1862 when it was destroyed by fire. In 1835 Samuel Dexter caused another portion of the present site of Saginaw city to be plotted; known as the plot of Sagiuaw City; including the N. E. quarter of Sec. 26, Town N. R. 12, 4 E. But few sales of lots were made by Dexter; and in 1836, he disposed of his interest to Mackie, Oakley & Jennieon of the City of New York, who associated with them the late Nor HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 3 man Little, under whose auspices the present plot of the City of Saginaw was created; embracing the Dexter territory, together with the whole of said section on both sides of Saginaw river, and portions of adjacent territory. This was the era of gigantic land and other speculations. Mr. Little moved to his new home fromn the State of New York and entered energetically on his mission -that of building up a city. He was the main spring -the propelling power in the movement -attracted by the wealth of the forests of the valley, its salubrious climate, the unrivalled water communication connecting the far interior with the great chain of Lakes; and its fertility of soil-enthusiastic and far-sighted, lie then predicted the future growth and greatness of the valley, its eventual developement and position; and although the financial revulsion of 1837 compelled a suspension of the improvements begun and in contemplation by him, resulting in his pecuniary prostration and removal fromn the place for a tinme, yet his conviction of the ultimate destiny of the valley was so strong, that he returned again in 1850 with abundant capital with which to mature his earlier plans. Fortuitous, circumstances compelled him to re-conrmence his labors on the opposite bank of the river at East Saginaw. Mr. Little lived to realize his earlier hopes and predictions in the fullest fruition and inow sleeps beneath the sod of the valley he so long and ardently loved. During the year 1836 the Webster House, two large warehouses, one on the river and one on Washington street, the residence of the late Gardener 1). Williams, Hiram L. Miller, and several other buildings were erected. The crisis of 1837 paralysed to a great extent all progress for years, the city exhibiting comparatively little advance until 1850 and 1851. This may be said to have been the dark age of the Saginaw valley. Gloomy as it was, it did not stand still. The energy displayed by its early settlers, and those who followed them thither by no means slumbered, steadily though not rapidly, they pushed forward iluprovernents throughout the city. School houses-the Court house - and warehouses were put up, and the business of the place increased although to a considerable extent enbar 4 HIISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY rassed for want of direct and frequent communication with the outer business world. During this period Nelson Smith, Esq., then a resident of this city, constructed the first schooner permanently used in the carrying trade of this city-the Julia Smith, which for a number of years was the principal medium for the transit of merchandise. An occasional vessel arrived fiom Detroit, but no regular line of communication was established until the year 1850. Among the first settlers of Saginaw City were Eieazer Jewett, Gardner D. Williams, Abram Butts, James Busby, Harvey Williams, Elijah N. Davenport, Hiram L. Miller, Charles D. Little and James Fraser. The first white child born in Saginaw County was Mary Jewett, the daughter of Eleazer Jewett, now Mrs. Dr. N. D. Lee, a resident of this city. The first male white child was Wm. Williams, son of the late Gardner D. Williams, who also is a resident. The first event took place in March, 1834, the second in March 1835. Both were born within the present corporate limits of the city of Saginaw. At the date last mentioned the families of the persons referred to formed the principal portion of the white population of the valley. A few adventurous French voyagers from Detroit and Canada attache* of the American and English fur Companies, squatted in various localities upon the river, engaged principally in hunting and Indian trading. The Chippewa Indians at this early period were almost the sole possessors of the valley, and in the year 1882 numbered some 3.500 souls. The abundance of game in the forests of the valley, of the fish in its rivers, and the romantic scenery, made the present site of this City and Greenpoint adjacent thereto, a favorite resort and camping ground, and was called by them Ka-pay-shaw-wink, signifying the Great Camping Ground. In the year 1837 the small-pox committed fearful ravages among this band of Saginaw Indians, carrying off nearly two-thirds of their number. The principal remnant of this band have been removed from the valley and now occupy lands in Isabella county where they are gradually passing from HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. f) a semi-civilized state into a higher grade of intellectual and moral being. The river bank in the central part of the city was set apart and reserved by them as a place of sepulture for their dead. The'rude hand of progress in the developement of the present higher order of things tenporal, has not spared the quiet repose of the dilustrious Indian dead, who for so many years has slept "the sleep that knows no waking" beside the much loved stream; and the spade and pick of the modern vandal, as he makes excavations for the foundation of some stately warehouse, manufactory or other improvemlent, throws up to the eyes of the curious spectator the bones of these once swarthy braves and their burial paraphanalia with as little remorse as the grave digger in Hamlet. "Alas poor YoA.ik." Our fellow townsman, Dr. N. Smith, has formed from these exhumations a considerable anatomical collection, and has arranged the same in such a manner that reflects credit upon him. The inhabitants of the valley at the present day can form but an inadequate idea of the toil, suffering and privations of its pioneers at the time of its early settlement. No steamer then disturbed the surface of the Western Lake or River, no steam whistle broke the " expressive silence" of the broad expanse of prairie and forest. The Indian roamed the monarch of the valley; its stillness broken only by the crack of his rifle. The surface of its silver streams disturbed by nothing save the noiseless dip of his paddle, and stealthy progress of his canoe as he followed his precarious calling, in search of food or furs.No road save the Indian trail winding its devious way from settlement to settlement, then far apart, through swamps at times almost impenetrable, and streams unbridged and frequently impassable. The North star and the pocket compass at all times were more reliable as indicating the route the traveller desired to pursue than the "blase" or the "trail." Obstacles such as these were sufficient to deter all save the most hardy and resolute of purpose from seeking a home in this I tIsToIt OF SAGINAW CITY. now populous valley. But to the nren whose names we have herein given, as the early pioneers, these obstacles presented no terror; men in whose vocabulary there was no such word as "fail." These with their equally indomitable wives, penetrated the almost impassable swamps, forded turbid and swollen streams upon Indian ponies or sleds drawn by oxen; or trusting themselves to canoes upon streams obstructed at every turn by masses of impenetrable drift-wood, making long and tedious portage* a necessity; canaming out in.the forest night after night. made cheery by the light of the camp fire, illuminating its green arches, which afforded them their only shelter from the fervor of the midday sun, or the fury of the storm. The settlement thus begun was gradually increased. The ring of the hardy woodmuan's axe usurped the sound of the crack of the Indian rifle, and the settlers log cabin the 'site of the Indian wigwam. Slowly but steadily the forest shrank back from tle river before the steady assaults of the pioneer; and the place of worship, the school house, the store and the workshop soon became realities-fired facts-The "latch string hung out" on the door of every house,sor cabin; hospitality was the rule-the want of it the exception. A small remnaent of this grand pioneer stock, the original thereof, still remain in and about Saginaw City, enjoying the well earned fruits of their early labors, and now as then, dispensing with the dignity of maturer age, that genuine charity and hospitality which from early habit has become as it were a rule of actions with them. Innumuerable are the blessings enjoyed by the citizens, not only of this city but of the adjoining country; the result of the admirable foresight, and indomitable courage and energy of the pioneers of this valley, a greater portion of whom have passed away. To the greater portion of the population of this county they are but little known. Those who survive and,knew them in days "lang syne," will not cease to cherish the memory of the warn and open-hearted hospitality-the open-handed liberality-the genuine man and womanhood of the pioneers of Saginaw valley. IISTORY OF 'AGINAW CITY. i In 1850 the City of Saginaw contained six wholesale and retail stores, five carpenter and joiner shops, three boot and shoe shops, three blacksmith shops, one bakery, one steam saw mill, one paint shop, three hotels and three grocery and provision stores and two other places of retail trade. Hon. Gardner D. Williams was the first Mayor elect. He was re-elected the succeeding year to that office. His death occuring before the expiration of his second term, -Hon. Hiram L. Miller then Recorder of the city acted as Mayor until the election of Geo. W. Bullock, Esq., who held the office for two consecutive terms. Hon. John Moore succeeded Geo. \V. Bullock, Esq., and was re-elected, P. C. Andre, Esq., was elected for the next term, followed by Stewart B. Williams who was succeeded by the present mayor, Win. M. Miller, Esq. The population of the city was 536. Up to the year 1857 the City of Saginaw formed a portion of the township of Saginaw, a City charter was granted by the Legislature of the State which went into operation in the spring of that year. The projection of the plank road from East Saginaw to Flint, and its construction in 1851 -thus completing an available communic.tion to Detroit-infused new life into every department of trade throughout the valley. A semi-weekly line of steamers plied regularly during the season of navigation between this place and I)etroit, and two steamers between Saginaw City and Bay City. The population of the city and business in all its various branches rapidly increased. In 1851-2, the Union School House was constructed, five churches commenced, and three of them completed. The principal business up to this period, and up to 1860 and 1861, was the manufacture of lumber, which during the two years prior to that time had attained great importance and formed the principal business not only of this city, but of the entire valley. 8 IIISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. The discovery of salt in 1860, and its almost inmmediate development, gave additional impetus to trade. The second salt well in the valley was sunk and went into successful operation in this city. The sinking of this well and one at East Saginaw, rendered success in the manufacture of salt no longer doubtful.Capital, and busines men fromn all parts of the country were attracted hither by the prospect of success then presented and assured. All branches of trade were beneficially affected thereby, stores, shipyards, steam and other manufacturing establishments, sprung up as if by magic. The capital of the city increased during the three years succeeding 1;O0 one hundred fold, the population of the city doubled, brick stores, large manufacturing establishinents,tasteful dwellings and Churches were erected The Saginaw River was alive with commerce; regular steam lines of communication established between this City and Detroit, Buffalo, Cleveland, Toledo, Chicago and Gooderich; and lines of stages to all the towns in the interior. So large an accession to the wealth and population of the City, enabled the government of the city and its inhabitants, to expend large sums in the improvement of streets; laying side walks and drainage of the surroundingl country. At present the streets throughout the entire city are in most excellent condition; miles of side-walk leading to every mans' door, renders pedestrianism at all tinmes and in all weather no unpleasant task. Two additional brick school houses have been erected, and a third at an estimated cost of 10,000 is to be commenced the ensuing season. Besides the facilities created for education under the general laws of the State, there are several private schools of a high order of merit; The Riverside Seminary now in successful operation taking the lead. A Street lailway from this City to East Saginaw has been completed and is now in successfil operation. Steam ferry Boats during the season of navigation ply regularly between the two places. The city contains five Hotels; but these are inadequate to accolmmodate the travelling community, and the construction of a sixth has already been commenced by William It. Taylor, Esq., HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 9 on the corner of Court and Hamilton streets, which, judging from the design of the architect, promises to be one of the largest and finest structures in the State. The city contains seven Churches, viz: Presbyterian, Methodist, Episcopalian, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Lutheran and Dutch Reformed. Two Banking Houses, two Real Estate Brokers offices, two Photographic Galleries, two Masonic Lodges, one Odd Fellows Lodge, one Lodge of the order of Good Templars, one Lyceum, a well organized Fire I)epartment, fifteen Physicians and Surgeons, five Dentists, fourteen Lawyers, one Weekly Newspaper, (Saginaw Valley Herald), one Newsroom, seven Clergymen, three Book Stores, six Dry Good Stores, eighteen Grocery and Provision Stores, one Feed Store, three Drug Stores, two Wholesale and Retail Hardware Stores, six. ready made Clothing Stores, one Hair and Ornamental Jewelry Store, one Hat and Cap Store, one Crockery and Glassware Store, four Boot & Shoe Stores, two Bakeries, two Confectionary Stores, six Meat Markets, four Barber Shops, two Tobacco and Segar Stores, two Livery Stables, one Ship-yard, six Blacksmith Shops, six Cooper Shops, four Paint Shops, three Cabinet Ware Rooms, ten Architects and Builders and one Telegraph office. Manufacturing Establishments-eight Steam Saw Mills, eight Salt Blocks, three Shingle Mills, one Flouring Mill, one Salt Mill, two Door, Sash and Blind Manufactories, two Planing Machines, four Stave and Heading Manufactories, five Carriage and Sleigh Manufactories, one Gun and Rifle Manufactory, five Cabinet Ware Manufactories, three Steam Boiler Machine and Engine Manufactories, three Tin and Sheet-iron Manufactories, one Segar Manufactory, Four Restaurants and twenty-five other places of retail trade. The population of the City in 1860, was 1,712. The present population is 5,426. It is confidently anticipated that the construction of a Rail Road connecting this City with the Detroit and Milwaukee Rail Road at Owosso will be completed during the ensuing year, thus affording the citizens of the Valley direct communication with Chicago, Cincinnati and the far west. The 10 HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. completion of this Road will give an additional impetus to the trade by opening new avenues for the transit and sale of the salt and lumber of the Valley. In short we predict that the next ten years will produce improvements in trade and an accession to the wealth and population of Saginaw City as great as we have shown that of the past ten years to have been. Its position as a commercial town with the unrivalled water communication, surrounded by a country abounding in mineral and agricultural wealth, all unite to make it what we confidently predict it will become, the Queen City of Michigan. GEORGE W. BULLOCK was born in Savoy, Berkshire County, Mass., August 27th, 1809. At the age of seven he removed with his father to Warren Co., Pennsylvania, where after having arrived at sufficient age, he learned the carpenter and joiner's trade. In 1831, he left the old familiar home scones to pursue his fortunes as a pioneer in the then " far West," and arrived at Monroe, Mich., where he carried on business as a builder for five years. In 1836 he came to Saginaw, and here continued the building business until 1844, which he then relinquished and commenced merchandizing. He carried on the dry goods business in a building situated on Hamilton Street, until within one year previous to his untimely decease, which occurred June 6th, 1861.He was engaged quite extensively in the salt and lumber business in connection with his mercantile trade, and was the first President of the first salt company organized in Saginaw. He owned the largest share of the stock in this company, and devoted a large share of his attention to its interests. It was here he lost his life by the explosion of one of the salt vats. In company with the late James Fraser, deceased, he built the road leading from this city to Bay City. He was a public spirited man, and done much for the improvement and advancement of the place. He was elected one of the first Aldermen at the organization of the city government, and afterwards held the office of Mayor for two consecutive terms. HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 11 He caused streets to be laid out, and adorned them with shade trees, and also erected several substantial buildings. He built the first brick dwelling house in Saginaw County, which he occupied as his residence. It is situated on Court Street, and is a beautiful structure; having ample grounds, which are laid out in the most tasty and elegant style. It really bears a home like appearance of ease and comfort. The Episcopal Church, (St. John's) is largely indebted to his zeal and liberality in the erection of their beautiful edifice on Washington Street. As a man he was frank and open hearted, genial in his manners, with but few equals in genuine hospitality. Let his virtues be emulated. CIIALRs, L. R.ICUMAN, was one of the early pioneers of the valley, having come here in 1836, in company with Norman Little. At Detroit they chartered the steamer Gov. Marcy, and were the first who ever navigated the Saginaw River by stenamer. IIe was born in the city of Philadelphia, in the year 1800. He was for several years a clerk in a dry goods store at Canandaigua, N. Y., and first entered into business on his own account at Naples, Ontario Co., N. Y., in 1828. From Naples he went to Moscow, Livingston Co., N. Y., and opened a dry goods store, where be remained till 1836, when he came to Saginaw. He cantinued the mercantile business in Saginaw until his death, which occurred September 6th. He always manifested great interest in the growth and prosperity of the town, and done a great deal in an unostentatious manner for its material advancement. He was unassuming in his manners, but genial and affable in disposition. He represented Saginaw County in the State Legislature, in 1846. He ran against the late Hon. James G. Birney, then living at Lower Saginaw, now called Bay City.He was a firm supporter of the Episcopal Church, and shortly previous to his death was largely instrumental in the erection of St. John's church, on Washington Street. Few men had more friends than the subject of this menoir, and his loss was felt to be a severe affliction to the whole community. "Death loves a shining mark." 12 HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. The HOUSE FURNISHING EMPORIUM of Elliott & Harrison, at East Saginaw, contains all the various articles in the way of China and Crockery ware that are known to the trade. In addition to these the stock of Carpets, Oil Cloths, Mirrors, Plated Goods and Cutlery, kept at their establishment, is desirable in style and low in price; and the demands of the trade, both wholesale and retail, are met by the proprietors in a way that gives universal satisfaction. The Saginaw City Railroad, terminates on Water Street, very near the EMPORIUM, which affords a convenient mode of access for residents of Saginaw who desire to purchase supplies of House Furnishing Goods. BENJAMIN GEER commenced business in this city November, 1864. He occupies a fine, large store, and keeps the largest and best selected stock of goods in the city, consisting of Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots and Shoes, and numerous et ceteras. Mr. Geer's reputation as a Merchant, and a fair and upright dealer, stand above reproach, by means of which he has secured a large and lucrative patronage. Mr. Geer sells his goods at a very low figure, having adopted the principle of "quick sales and small profits," and is always pleased to show his stock whether a purchase is made or not. Give him a call. ST. JOHN'S CHURCH. In the year 1836, there could have been found in all the Saginaw Valley, but three communicants of the Protestant Episcopal Church-Mr. and Mrs. Busby and Mrs. Amanda Richman. Not till the year 1841, was there a service of the church held in what then constituted Saginaw County. During that year the Rev. Daniel E. Brown, of Flint, visited the new settlement, and for several years he held occasional services here. At length in 1851 a parish was organized, and the Rev. Joseph Adderly was called to take charge of the same. He was succeeded in 1852, by the Rev. Daniel B. Lyon, who remained but one year. In 1853, the Rev. V. Spaulding was called to the Rectorship. The number of communicants reported to the Diocesan Convention that year was eleven. On the 20th February, Bishop McCoskry HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 13 made his first visit to this parish,and on the 1 th April, following, he returned to lay the corner stone of the present church edifice. In June, 1858, the Rev. V. Spaulding resigned; the number of communicants having now increased to twenty-four. In the following year the Rev. Edward Magee accepted a call to the Rectorship. A debt of $400 had hitherto prevented the consecration of the church, but this indebtedness being liquidated, on the 9th May, 1860, Bishop McCoskry consecrated the church by the name and title of " St. John's." In the year following, the Rev. Mr. Magee tendered his resignation; three communicants having been added during his pastorate. He was succeeded in 1862, by the Rev. Osgood E. Fuller, who remained three years; the number of communicants having meanwhile almost doubled, there being no less than fifty-one reported to the Convention in 1865. The present Rector is the Rev. John Leech, and the number of communicants is eighty-eight. The church has attained its present growth with but very little assistance from abroad. During his incumbency the Rev. V. Spaulding went East, and procured $500 to assist in the erection of the church edifice, and by the advice and with the consent of the Bishop, the late Charles L. Richman solicited aid for the same object in several of the larger cities in the State of New York. He there obtained the sum of $600, together with the baptismal bowl and communion sett presented through him, by the late Mrs. Ebenezer Hale, of Canandaigua, N. Y. The bible and prayer book, still in use, are the gift of our late lamented townsman, George W. Bullock. Through the commendable exertions of the ladies of the congregation, a new bell will in a few weeks send its sweet music from the tower of St. John's, along the rich and busy valley of the Saginaw. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The First Presbyterian Church of Saginaw City, the oldest church of the Saginaw Valley, was gathered by the ministerial 14 HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. labors of Rev. I1. L. Miller, during the years 1836 and 1837, and organized March 1st. 1838, with the following members: Norman Little, Jane A. Little, Elizabeth Rice, Thomas Smith, Wnm. Heartwell, Mrs. Harvey Williams, T. L. Howe, Mrs. T. L. Howe, Hinds Smith, Mrs. Julia Smith, Mabel Terrill, Mrs. H. L. Miller. An occasional circuit rider of the Methodist Clurch had visited this region prior to 1836, holding an isolated religious service, but the labors of Mr. Miller constituted the first regular permanent ministry of the. Saginaw Valley. Failing health compelled him to terminate his ministerial service in 1839, but continuing to reside here, his name and influence has been identified with the entire history of the church of which he was the founder. 1Iis successors in the ministry and the periods of their service, have been as follows: Rev. C. F. Foot, stated supply, January, 1840, to May, 1840. Rev. Harvey HIyde, stated supply, March, 1842, to May, 1844. Rev. C. 11. Baldwin, stated supply, January, 1846, to July, 1847. Rev. Louis Mills, stated supply, November, 1848, to July, 1849. Rev. D. M. Cooper, Pastor, June, 1851, to April, 1859. Rev. D. H. Taylor, stated supply, March, 1861, to March, 1865. Rev. J. W. Hough, Pastor, July, 1865. The church was organized as a Presbyterian church, but during the first years of its existence was not under the care of any ecclesiastical body. In 1842, its form of government was changed to Congregational, and it was connected successively with the Eastern and the Genesee (Conferences. In 1853, it returned to the Presbyterian polity, and became a member of the Detroit Presbytery, being transferred to the Saginaw Presbytery upon the constitution of that body in 1856. While it was a Congregational Church, its deacons were Geo. Davis and Albert Miller. Upon its return to the Presbyterian polity, 1I. L. Miller, Robert IJre and Geo. Davis, were ordained ruling elders, and Alanson Griffi, deacon. Subsequently Geo. Davis having deceased, and Robert Ure and Deacon Griffis hav IISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 15 ing removed, Timothy Barnard and Win. A. Carpenter were ordained ruling elders, and D. F. Mitchell, deacon. Mr. Miller first preached in a carpenter shop, u!)on the site of the house now occupied by Capt. Richman, corner of Washington and Ames Streets. Subsequently in the Post Office, nearly opposite the hardware store of I). fI. Jerome & Co.; at times in the office of Norman Little, then on corner of Washington and Madison Streets, and for a period in a building known as " Mechanics' Hall, standing on the site occupied by the house of E. Briggs; on Washington Street, since removed and now occupied as a dwelling by F. P Woodruff, corner of Fayette and Ames Streets. In 1837, was built the first public building in the Saginaw Valley, serving the manifold purpose of church,school house and court room. It stood in the rear of the present court house, and on the erection of that building was removed to the site now occupied by the Jail. This building now occupied by the Methodist clergyman as a parsonage, served as the place of worship of the Presbyterian Church until the erection of the present house of worship. This edifice, on the corner of Court and Harrison Streets, was the first building in the Saginaw Valley set apart to the purposes of religious worship. Its erection began in the spring of 1851, and was completed in the autumn of 1852. The cost of the building was a little more than $3,000. Its architect was H. C. Weston. Its completion at that early day when the church was still feeble, was chiefly due to the liberality and untiring effort of its first minister and his lady, who still live to behold the fruits of their early labors and sacrifices in its behalf. JIt was dedicated December 12th, 1852, the service being preached by Rev. E. R. Kellogg, of Detroit. Measures are now in progress for its enlargement to a capacity suited to its present needs, with the addition of a conference room, with rooms for Sunday School and Pastor's use. The whole number of members connected with the church since its organization is 175. Its present membership 100. 16 HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Rev. Andrew Bell, Stephen Lytle, Levi D. Chamberlain and Lovina Hart, were in 1850, appointed a Board of Trnstees for this society. The first class consisting of only three members was organzied in 1851. Of these Mrs. John Moore, alone remains. Rev. C. C. Olds, their first Pastor, was appointed to the charge the autumn of the same year. The Pastors since then have been George Bradley, Addison C. Shaw, Samuel Clements, Jr., John LeviLgton, Theron C. Higgins, Wm. Fox, Arthur Edwards, Jr., Reynor S. Pardington, Isaac C. Cochran and A. R. Bartlett.The church now numbers 83 members. Its Sunday school, under the care of D. B. Ketchum, Esq., has 18 officers and teachers, and more than 160 scholars. The official list at the present time stands as follows: A. R. Bartlett, Pastor; Anson Abbott, Local Preacher; Stewards-Smith Palmer, R. A. Bounting, Edwin Saunders, Lorenzo B. Curtis, Jas. Penoyer, D. B. Ketchum, Major W. Hollister, A. C. Abel; Class Leader, S. F. Green. The building now used as a parsonage, was dedicated as a chapel in the summer of 1854. The present chapel was dedicated February, 1864. GERMAN EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF THE HOLY CROSS. The first church built in Saginaw City was the church of the German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation,unaltered Augsburg Confession-" the Church of the Holy Cross." It was built in the year 1851, and enlarged in 1859. The congregation was organized in the year 1848, by the Rev. F. Sievers, of Frankenlust, Saginaw County. The services were held in private houses and in one of the Court House rooms till 1851. The congregation belongs to the " German Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio and other States," and strictly adheres to the unaltered Augsburg Confession and all the other HISTORY OF 8AGIN*4W CITY. 1 17 Ksnibolie~l books, as cont~iped in the "nook of Conpord,"7 published in 1580. The lirst regular Pa~stor was the Rev. Qttmar Cloter. His instalment took place at one of the Court House rooms. In 1857, he received and accepted a call of Synod to work as a missionary among the Indians, (Chippewas) in the State of Minnesota. His successor was the Rev. T. A. Hugli, who two years afterqd acp~ted a call of the Lutheran congregation in Detroit. Then the Rev. Martin Gunther, formerly of the State of WiscQnfiii, 'was elpete4 Pastor; ho was installed on the fourth day of March, 1860, and is the present Pastor. The congregation has a parsonage, two burying places and two parish schools. Owing to the increase of scholars, a third te~achaT will be eallctd as soou ats possibl.o The number of voting maembers at present are eighty-seven. MASONIC. Sagina~w Valley Lodge of A. F. and A. Masons, was organ. ized and received their Dispensation Februeay 19th, 1864, with the following officers: Dr. D M. Bennett, W. Master; Win. McBratnie, S. W4den; T. L. Jackson, Jr. Warden. They received their Ch4arter at the next session of the Grand Lodge in the year 1865, with the same Master and W~rdqns for the year 1865. Their offieprs at the presei# 1ime are Dr. D. M.Bennett, ~ 3Iaster; Wmn. NcBratniq, S. Warden; W. M. Spiith, J. Wardenm Number of members at the preset time, 431. GERMAxr& LODGE, No 799 F. & A. ~'.w~s organized in March, 1854, under dispensation, With eight Chartg~r 4embers. The present numnber of members is 34. Th~e ~Irst otfcers iust~all.9 were M. C. T. P"ApssneT, NY, M.Couv4 Solmns, S. W.; G. Lisk~w, J. W. The. p~q'e~t pffieoq I,, -, ",'~. k., 11 kIc ~ 1 18 HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. ard, Secretary, G. Schultz, Treas. E. Bark, 8. 1)., Henry Barnhardt, J. D., John Bauer, Tyler, Romeykc. Stated meetings on Friday, on or before the full moon of each month. I. 0. 0. F. Saginaw Lodge No. 42, I. 0. of 0. F., was instituted February 9th, 1849, by P. G. Charles D. Little, special D. D. G. M. Its first officers elected were as follows: W. L. P. Little, N. G.; J. S. Woodruff, V. G.; J. B. Chamberlain, Secretary, J. Bookstaver, Treasurer. This Lodge, as well as a few others in the State, for a time suffered from adverse circumstances but las steadily kept its course and outrode the failure which threatened it. It is now in a flourishing and healthy condition, numbering eighty-six members with almost nightly acquisitions to its membership. Its present officers are, W. E. Smith, N. G.; J. Sutherland. V. G,; A. D. Lacy, Treasurer; J. Cook, Secretary. The Lodge room is neatly furnished and tastefully decorated with appropriate emblems of the fraternity, and being well ventilated will compare favorably with any lodge room in this part of the State. WASHINGTON ENCAMPMENT, No. 19 I.. 0. F. This Encampment was instituted by Most Worthy Grand Patriarch, Dennis, on the 9th of May, 1866; originating with thirty members. Its officers are, A. G. VanWay, C. P.; W. McRath, F. P.; 1). H. Buel, S. W.; A. 0. T. Eaton, J. W.; B. Rice, Treasurer; A. F. Rockwith, Scribe. GOOD TEMPLARS. Saginaw Lodge No. 172, I. O. G. T., was organized at Saginaw City Feb. 13th, 1864, with nineteen charter members, and increased rapidly for six months, when a reaction took place and was reduced considerably in the number of its members, although its efficiency was not materially lessoned. It has be HISTORY OF SAGINAW CITY. 19 come firmly established and for the past few months has rapidly increased in numbers and influence. It meets every Tuesday night in its Hall on Water street. Its present officers are: Wm. H. Tutle, W. C. T. Rev. A. R. Bartlett, W. C. Jennie Alexander, W. V. T. F. W. Holister, W. M. Anna Alexander, W. S. Adda Palmer, W. D. M. E. C. Newell W. T. Mrs. Linaman, W. R. H. S. Miss Miller, W. I. S. G. Kate Eaton, W. L. H. S. ---- Sutton, W. 0. S. G. Henry Ketchum, W. A. S. Thomas Lawrence, W. F. S. OTTO H. G. MoonEs commenced business in 1861. He came here in 1849, and worked for Daniel Johnson in his steam mill. In 1850 he went to East Saginaw and helped clear away the trees preparatory to building the city. The next year he engaged as clerk with Thomas Whitney in his lumber business and remained with him till 1858. Then he came to Saginaw City and engaged as bookkeeper for D. H. Jerome, continuing with him till 1861, when he commenced the grocery and provision business, in which he has been engaged ever since, at his present location, No. 317 South Water Street. Mr. Moores enjoys the reputation of an honest and upright man, and is much esteemed for his good traits of character. Saginaw County Officers, Sheriff-Jesse II. Quackenbush. County ~reasurer-.Thomas L. Jackson. County Clerk-George Schmidt. Register of Deeds-James N". Gotee. Judge of Probate-Otto Roeser. Prosecuting Attorney-Chauncey II1. Gage. Circuit Court Commissioner-John J. Wheeler. Cornity Stirveybr. —Lewis Loefflbt. Cotoixer-Johlti Erd. Saginaw City Officers..aFjor. -Williami M. Miler. lttoorier-A. F. B. Braley. ~Alwntn lat Ward-Jas. G. Totf, Ami W. Wrirht. it 24 Ezra Rust, Richard Khuen. 3d "d Geo. F. Williams, Geo. R. Stark. City Attorney-A. S. Gaylord. Treasurer-.Edwin Sanders. Hfarskal-C. E. Brenner. Street Commissioner-Charles T. Brenner. Board of Hfealth-W. D. Lee, D). F. Mitchell, Theodore Krause. Constables —C has. E. Brenner and August Miller. AnBREVIATIoNS.-.For ab., read above; bds,, boarde; bet., between; carp., carpenter; cot~., corner; col'd colored;- E.,.East h., hkome; lab., laborer; manuf., manufacturer; manufy., mLdtiuiactorg; N. north; propr., proprietOr; r'es., 'eqideflee; S., 8outh. The word Street is implied. Abbott Anthony, farmer, h 908 N Fayette. Abley John, cooper, bds 812 Miouiroe Abel A C, fownian for Miller & Norton, hi Ames. Abel Joli RU, earp, bds Ames. Achard1 William, (Seyffardt & A), li, 411 Cass. Acktey Chas H, book keeper, h 906 N llamllton, Ackley Firank C, jeweler, 102 S Water, h 906 N Hamilton. Actor Antoine, mason, h loll Mackina~w. Adams G, grobei~, 113 S Wateri, bds 408 N Hamilton. AMams J F,- g'rocie'r, 203 N Water, h 306 N Webster. Adams Joseph E, (Andre & Adams), h 406 S Wobster. Adams Thomas, clerk, bds Washington House. Adams Thomas, grocer, bds 111 Adfle Ms. Aldor Frank, lab h 1003 N Falyette. Alexande Paniel, (col'd), lab, h 811 C6ss..AAdxitnd Mrfs Jane~it~,(ol'd) h 811 Cash'. 4e& erRic'had, saw manuf bad W~bbter HEbufse-. Aln0a1, h 9 101 9 Befid. Ailea Frank, oa*~,h 91 1 N U'aqtte Allen William", gailoi~, bAs 628 N Wter. Allenberg John, lab, h 905 S HarrionS04. Allison D W, (Heather & A4 bds I~ WVatW Allor Frank, lab, h 1007 ~Fy~ 2 - SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. Almy Miss J, 208 Cross Road. Alvord Wm, lumberman, h 605 N Granger. American House, John Friedlein propr, 105 N Franklin. Amoit Louis, saloon, 207 N Water, h same. Amoit J 0, clerk, h 326 N Water. Anchart Geo, lab, h 606 N Fayette. Anchutz Henry, 609 Van Buren. Andre& Adams, (Alex A & Joseph E A), furniture 117 S Water, manuf, 602 S Water. Andre Alex A, (A & Adams), h 201 S Washington. Andre Elias, h 502 N Washington. Andre P C & Co, (P C Andre, A F Douglas & Wm HL Childs), boots & shoes, 108 N Water. Andre P C, (P C A & Co), h 206 Court. Andre & Stark, (P C A, G R & H J Stark,) dry goods, 202 N Water. Andrew Richard, gardner, h 912 Monroe. Angetts John, lab, h 702 Mackinaw. Anschutz George, lab, h 401 N Webster. Anschutz William, lab, h 401 N Webster. Arhat Sebastian, shoemaker, h 508 S Fayette. Armstrong —, millwright, bds 611 Adams. Armstrong W A, photographer, 101 S Water, bds 606 N Washington, Arnold Silas, lab, bds 709 N Water. B Bachman Conrad, lab, h 504 S Mason. Baker E L, dentist, 314 S Water, h same. Ballintine Samuel, wagon maker, h Hamilton. Baptist Church, —, Pastor, 202 N Fayette. Barber Joseph, wholesale liquor dealer, 318 S Water, h 904 S Fayette. Barck Edward, grocer, 214 S Water, h same. Barkham E J, miller, city mills, h 511 Van Buren. Barlow John, machinist, h Hamilton. Barnard John L, lumberman, h 801 Mackinaw. Barnard Joseph, (Newell, Barnard & Co), bds 803 N Hamilton. Barnard Lacy, lab, bds 709 N Water. Barnard, Newell & Co, (Newell & Joseph Barnard), lumber & salt manufs, 118 N Water. Barnard Newell, (Newell Barnard & Co), h 807 N Hamilton. Barnard Parish, lumberman, bds 803 N Hamilton. BarDard T, h 803 N Hamilton. Barney M C, earp, res Salina. Barry Sidney, mason, bds 623 N Water. SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. Bartlett Joseph, carp, h 911 N Bond. Bartlett A R, pastor M E Church, h 106 S Washington. Bartram & Gardiner, (Wm H H B & Edwin B G), proprs Saginaw Valley Herald, 108 N Water. Bartram W H H, (B & Gardiner), bds 601 N Washington, Bates W H, carp, bds Webster House. Bates Zury, salt boiler, bds 520 N Water. Battell Timothy, bds 205 S Harrison. Baner --, lab, h 307 S Mason. Bauer Jacob, mason, h 302 S Granger. Bauer John M, carp, h 308 S Webster. Bauer John, engineer, h 602 S Webster. Bauer Peter, grocer, 104 N Water, h same. Baurick Lewis, (Byagelmeyer & B), 306 S Water, bds same. Beach Joseph, clerk, bds Fayette. Bean John, sawyer, h 510 S Bond. Beals Zina P, clerk, h 403 S Water. Beck J G, cainet maker, h '112 Cross Rroad. Beehler Reinhard, dentist. 121 N Water, h 108 N Hamilton. Beldoff Henry, mason, h 1102 Mackinaw. Befill Frank, lab, bds 709 N Water. Belisle Charles, blacksmith, 504 N Water. Bell Charles, blacksmith, h Hamilton. Bellgard Joseph, shoemaker, h N Water. Benedict Miss Kate, music teacher, Riverside Seminary, bds Court. Benito Leander. ^blacksmith, 503 N Water, h 102 Madison. Benjamin Charles, lab, bds 709 N Water. Benjamin David, lumber insp, h 311 Wayne. Benjamin 1) M, cooper, h 1308 S Fayette. Benjamin Frank, lumberman, h 302 S Harrison. Benjamin R L, h 1308 S Fayette. Bennett Denis, lumbernmam, h 1308 S Hamilton. BENNETT D M, physician, 102 S Water, h 907 N Hamilton. Bennett Dimick, lumberman, ih 202 Perry. Bennett Joseph, grocer, 401 N Water, h same. Bennett Washington, lumberman, h 111 Adams. Benson M, lab, bds American House. Benson Wm H, steamboat captain, h 918 N Hamilton. Benton Louis, engineer, bds 111 Adams. Bernhard Henry, clothing, 301 S Water, h 308 S Fayette. Berridge Jonathan. h 1002 Adams. Berry Jas L, foreman mill, h 409 Van Buren. Berry Thomas, cabinet maker, bds 111 Adams. Biesterfield Henry, carp, h 509 N Fayette. Bigelow Wmn, carp, h 302 N Hamilton. Binder Wnm, salt & lumber manuf & express agt, 204 N Hamilton. 24 SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. Furnished on short Notice and Reasonablk Terms by JOHN IcKIITSNONT No. 311, North Water Street, 8AOINAW1A CITY. Opfergelt a Wagoner, Manufacturers of and Dealers in Harness, Saddles and Bridles, Whips, Netts, Sheets, Blankets, Trunks, &c., &c. No. 314, South Water Street, SAGINAW CITY. C'aRepairing neatly done on short notice and at reasonable rates. SAGINAW CITY ]DIRECTORY. 2 25 Birdseye Lucius, Principal Union School, bds 907 N Hamil.. tU. Bither Asa, lumber m-anuf, h 1008 S Fayette. Bitkie Charles, carp. Black James, sawyer, bdS 13,15 S Water. Blackmore Joshua, deputy sheriff, 104 5 Washington, bds 611 Adams, Blacks Faltin, jr, cabinet maker, bds 305 S Granger. Blacks Faltin, sen, bds 305 S Granger. Blaker John, harness maker, h 805 N Fayette. Blanchard Augustus, hook keeper, h 608 Adams. Bliss L W, physician. h 702 S Fayette. Bliss Win, lab, bds 1315 5 Water. Bloomer Mrs B, h 307 5 Hamnilton, Bluhm Henry, lab, h 511 Lyon. Bolun Frederick, sawyer, h 701 S Bond. Bolt Charles, bds 413 N Water. Bolton Edward, engizaeer, ii Water. Bounting R, carp, bds Madison. Borethel Nathaniel, Cooper, h 1305 5 Hamilton. Bostick A, blacksmith, h 408 5 Fay. Bostick, Alonso, h 304 5 Harrison. Bostick Austin, carriage manufy, 110 & 112 Van Buren, h 304 S Hamilton. Bos~tv*k Austin, lab, bdS 304 S Hamilton. Bounfing Richard, carp, bds 411 Madison. Bradley A, builder, h 411 Madison. Brady James E, shoemaker, bds Van Buren, BRALEY A F R, (Miller B & Co), bds 406 Court. Braley Phiueas Di, lumberman, h 203 Stevens. Braley Phineas, jr, lumberman, bds 203 Stevens. Braley Russell, shingle bolter, res Tittabawassee; Brenner Chas, h 210 5 Granger. Brenner Edward, bds 210 S Granger. Brenner William. F, lab, h 803 Adams. Bretzelbauer Wolfgang, lab, h 403 Jefferson. Briggs E A, bdS Dunbar House. Briggs Ebenezer, salt & lumber manuf, h 407 N Watshington Briggs E M, book keeper, bds 407 Washington. Briaggs J W T, carp & joiner, bds 412 S Water. Briggs L W, carp, h 508 5 Webster. BRINK G J,.propr Dunbar House, 404 & 406 S Water. Br-itzni an Henry, lab, h 911 'I hroop. Broader John, carp, h 411 Adams. Brockway Abel A, treas Tittabawassee Company, h Mdcklna,* road. Brogtn Andrew, lab, h 565 N Granger. llD 26 SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. Brophy John, teamster, bds 412 Throop. Brooks —, dry goods & groceries, bds 201 N Hamilton. Brousseau Julius, lawyer, 108 S Water, h 1102 S Washington. Brown A, lab, bds 709 N Water. Brown Charles, lab, bds 623 N Water. Brown H, lab, bds 709 N Water. Brown,John, carp, h 408 S Granger. Brown John, jr, ostler, bds 408 S Granger. Brown P L, physician, 112 Court. Brown W J, salt boiler, bds 409 S Water. Bruno John, engineer, h 111 Jackson. Bruyea Joseph, lab, bds 709 N Water. Bryant Andrew, lab, bds 709 N Water. Bryant George, lab, bds 709 N Water. Buck Ferdinand, lab, h 712 Mackinaw. Buel David H, builder, 203 N Harrison, h 410 Franklin. Buel 0 L, carp, bds 410 Franklin. Bullock Henry, driver express wagon, h 611 Clinton. Bullock Mrs L, h 407 Court. Bunting Samuel, engineer, city mills, h 701 S Water. Burdick Charles P, carp, bds 1108 Van Buren. Burdick Chillus D, carp, bds 1108 Van Buren. Burdick William r, carp, h 1108 Van Buren. Burke Chester W, carp, h 501 Jackson. Burlison Charles, book keeper, h 611 Jefferson. Burnham C, carriage maker, h 402 N Washington. Burnham Charles, boat builder, bds 402 N Washington. Burnham Joseph T, lumber manuf. 205 N Water, h 508 N Washington. BURROWS GEO L, banker, (& Rust Eaton & Co), 205 Court, h 206 S Washington. Bush Wm, carp, h 806 Jefferson Busha Joseph jr, carp, h 905 N Bond. Busha Joseph, sen, h 907 N Bond. Butman Myron, lumber manuf, h 407 N Hamilton. Butman & Rust, (B & A R), lumbermen, 205 N Water. Butts Abraham L, h 203 N Washington. Butts Charles H, carp, bds 203 N Washington. Butts J I, sawyer, bds 203 N Washington. C Cain John, blacksmith, h 702 S Granger. Camp Abram, lab, h 602 Miller. Campau Joseph, lab, h 606 S Hamilton. Campbell Archibald, lab, bds 610 Adams. Campbell, lab, h 504 N Water. SAGINAW CITY DIkECTORY. 27 Carpenter S P, lab, h 406 S Mason. Carpenter William A, merchant tailor, 105 S Water, h 205 S Harrison. Carr James, bds Dunbar House. Cary Harrison, engineer, h 1103 Court. Catholic Church, R Vanderheyden, pastor, 602 N Washington. Chambers Edward, painter, bds Cross Road. Chapin Arthur B, lumber manuf, bds Webster House. Chapin 0 I), lumber manuf, bds Webster House. (hapman Albert, h 611 Court. Chapman N H, & Co, (N H C & J Donley) lumber manuf, office 205 N Water. Chapman N H, (Chapman & Co) h 611 Court. Chapman B, raftman, h 810 N Fayette. Chatterton D D, cooper, h 406 S Bond. Cheadea John, lab. Cheadea, Oliver lab. Cheesemani F, carp, h 1102 S Fayette. Childs Miss Mary, teacher penmanship, Riverside Seminary, bds 106 N Hamilton. Childs Mrs Emma. h 106 N Hamilton. Childs William IH, (P C Andre & Co) h 106 N Hamilton. Churchill John C, (Linderman & C) h Hamilton. Clark A D, Farmer, h 609 Van Buren. Clark E L, h 601 N Washington. Clark James W, lawyer, 205 N Water. Clark Warren, h 803 S Fayette. Clark William A, lawyer, h 412 Monroe. Clayton Isaac, gardner, 1012 Throop. Clermont William, lab, bds American House.,Clifton F G, machinist, Clinton Andrew, lab, bds American House. Close William, shoemaker, bds 512 Ames. Cobb Henry B, lab, bds 709 N Water. Cole Jacob, cooper, h 1305 S Hamilton. Cole Mrs )D, h 701 Mackinaw. Common Council Room, 108 S Water. Conley Bernard, mason, h 211 Cross Road. Conley Hugh E, lab, bds 709 S Water. Conrow John, lab, h 507 N Fayette. Consha W, lab, h 702 N Bond. Cook Joseph, (C & Loxley) h 122 S Water. Cook & Loxley, (J C & J E L) tinsmiths, 122 S Water. Corbit Robert, lab, h 805 S Porter. Corning, lumber manuf, h 306 S Fayette. County Clerk's Office, 104 S Washington. County Treasurer's office, 104 S Washington. i 28 SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. H\lftNW ION IVt^ SAGINAW CITY, MICH. -— __ * a ---- - Foundry and Machine Shop. HILDRETH & KINSEY, MANUFACTURERS OF Mill Gearing, Saw Mandrels, Salt Pumps, and Machine Work of every description. Jobbing of all kinds, in Iron and Brass, done on short notice, and in the best and most workmanlike manner. Corner of Water and Williams Streets, H. L. HILDRETH, N. B. KINSEY. SAGINI AW CITY DIRECTORY. 29 Court House, 102 S Washington. Crabner Conrad, lab, h 302 N Granger. Crabner C B, lab, h 207 Granger. Cranson William N, carp, h 407 N Granger. Cross Ira W, lumberman, h 503 N Washington. CROSS LESTER E, lawyer, 108 S Water, h 205 N Washington. Cross Lester E, bookkeeper, bds 503 N Washington. Cross Samuel N, bookkeeper, bds 503 N Washington. Culver Edwin, painter, h 412 Jefferson. Curran Samuel,blacksmith, bds 623 N Water. Current William, carp, h 1210 N Hamilton. Curtis Chester, physician, 121 N Water bds American House. Curtis L B, lumber manuf, h 703 S Washington. Curtis Thomas, h 403 Cass. Cushen Terry, lab, h 701 N Porter. Cushway Benjamin, blacksmith, h 111 Court. D Dadge E W, carp, h 512 Monroe. Dashner Louis, lab, h 507 Throop. Davis George W, saddle & harness, h 402 S Porter. Davis Robert, carp, bds 622 N Water. Davis Robert, saw filer, h 503 Stevens. Day, --, lake capt, bds Exchange Hotel. Dean A C, lab, bds 709 N Water. Dean John, lab, bds American House. DeBrest Arnold, shoemaker, h Hamilton, Deder Wolfgang, carp, h 902 Throop. DeGroff John, h 505 N Hamilton. Delavergne Joseph, cabinet maker, bds Webster House. Delavin J cabinet maker, bds East Saginaw. Dennis, bds 202 Jackson. Dennis Joseph, h 111 Lyon. Denny Samuel, lab, bds 520 N Water. Dibble John B, architect, 216 N Water. Dickinson Charles, lab, bds 511 Jefferson. Diedke Charles, carp, h 604 Mackinaw. Dieter J S, lab. Dieter Samuel, engineer, h 707 N Water. Dingman, —, bds 809 S Hamilton. Dingman Calvin, fireman, bds 1308 S Hamilton. Ditmore Christie, lab, h 811 Throop. Ditmare Ernst, lab, h 811 Throop. Ditmare Gustav, lab, h 811 Throop. Ditmare Lewis, lab, h 811 Throop. Doebel John, lab, h 807 Lyon. Donley James, (Chapman & Co), res East Saginaw. 30 S GINAW CITY DIRECTORY. Doran W, farmer, h 1107 Throop. Dougherty M, ship carp, h 409 N Fayette. Douglass A F, (P C Andre & Co), bds Cass. Dowe Thomas, sawyer, h 704 S Water. Duffany C, lab, h 1213 S Water. Duglos Charley, shoemaker, h 1012 Adams. Dunbar Alexander, carp, hi 210 South Granger. )unbar House, G J Brink propr, 404 & 406 S Water. Dunbar W, telegraph operator, bds 606 N Washington. Iurand George H, cartman, 701 N Water. Durand L T, student, bds 701 N Water. Durand Miss Maggie, ass't teacher, Riverside Seminary, bds 701 Water. Dushane Anthony, lab, bds 111 Adams. E Eastman Alvin, grocer, 204 S Water, h same. Eaton A 0 T, druggist, h 701 N Webster. Eaton )aniel L C, insurance agt, 205 Court, h 205 S Washington. Eaton F L, Justice of the Peace & lawyer, 205 N Water, h 208 Franklin. Eberhardt Charles, barber, h 419 Lyon. Edgers Joseph, lumberman, bds Dunbar House. Edgers Christian, shoemaker, h 1002 Court. Eggleston Charles, lab, bds 709 N Water. Eib Philip G, shoemaker, h Mackinaw. Eiler Matthias, lab, h 808 Mackinaw. Eiler Nicholas, lab, bds 808 Mackinaw. Eiler Theodore, lab, bds 808 Mackinaw. Elliott Ira, lumbermlan, 605 S Granger. Elliott James, lab, bds American House. Elliott John, lumberman, bds 605 S Granger. Elliott S, lab. bds American House. Emendorfer F B, boots & shoes. 123 N Water. Ementerver Frank, shoemaker, h 203 N Harrison. Emerson Edward, lab, bds 709 N Water. Emerson James, lab, bds 709 N Water. Episcopal Church, Rev John Leach, pastor, 105 N Washington. Epting Emil, druggist, 110 & 112 N Water, h same. Erhard Sebastian, shoemaker, h Mackinaw. Evens Alonzo, cooper, h 1407 S Washington. Exchange Iotel, Henry Hteinka propr, 301 N Water. SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. )31 at F Fanning Michael, mason, h 504 S Porter. Farrall John, carp, bds Hamilton. Farrington Henry, h 512 Ames. Fay B M, banker, h 706 S Washington. Fay Michael, lab. Feeney John, lab, bds 709 N Water. Feibish Philip, agt for N Nathan & Co, bds Washington House. Felcher George, h 505 S Webster. Felcher & Green, boots & shoes, 311 S Water. Fellows Albert, sawyer, h 805 N Bond. Fellows Edward, lab, h 803 N Bond. Fellows Hiram, lab, h 807 N Bond. Fellows Linus teamster, h 932 Clinton. Ferguson Charles, lab, h 805 S Bond. Ferguson Stephen, lab, h 710 N Oakley. Ferris Heman B, deputy Co Clerk, 104 S Washington, h 802 S Washington. Fetter N, lab, h 601 N Bond. Finningan Mrs Mary, h 704 N Harrison. First Ward School House, 605 N Harrison. Fish & Co, (B P F & W S), groceries 309 S Water. Fish B P, (B P F & W S), bds 412 Franklin. Fish Benjamin F, h 301 N Hamilton. Fish Benjamin, drayman, bds 601 N Hamilton. Fish & Burnhamu, boat builders, 610 S Water. Fish Charles, bds 202 Jackson. Fish F L P, (F & Burnham), h 202 Jackson. Fish W S (B P F & W S), bdsN Washington. Fisher Andrew, cabinet maker, 601 N Water, h same. Fisher Benjamin F, h 701 N Hamilton. Fish Frank, blacksmith, h 605 S Washington. Fisher Martin, saloon, 310 S Water, h same. Fiske Leonard, teamster, h 511 Williams. Fitts Miss Elizabeth, Principal Riverside Seminary, bds Dr. Lees'. Flake John, ship carpenter. Fletcher Alex, arcade saloon 314 N Water, h same. Flour D, lab, h 1315 S Water. Foley Peter, lab, h 708 Jefferson. Forbes Benjamin, millvright, h 710 S Webster. Forbes William, lab. Forrest Valley Salt and Lumber manufy, Swift, Lockwood & Leavitt proprs, 1401 S Water. Foulds Joseph, lab, h 1105 Adams. Fournia, -- lab, h 608 S Webster. 32 SAGINAW CITY DIRECTORY. BENJAMIN GEER, DEALER IN tq $ 1h?(nnt? at MLr. IBurriil lives, in Detroit and Mr. Morris in Pontiac. Tfheir stable, is a large brick structure and ailmnornaenlt to the city. Tho comipany are lprolprietors of all the variou6 stagre lines from the" city. iMr. Gates the manager is an energetici business man -and much thought of for his good qualities of head and he-art. MAorgan L. Gage was the first to cuter into the., business of harness making in this city. Thle first death occurred in I 82 caused by (irownling. A German, Whose niame we arc unable to give, fell from his boat while crossing the river and sunkc iminlediately. His body was not recovered until several days after-, when it was found at a point Oeveral rods above the place where he fell in, which singular circumistance would indicate, an unadercurrent in the river. The first 6oi)h occurred inj 1850, which made MNr. Seymnour Ensign the. happy father of a male child. Up to December, 1862, the city hIad no railroad commlunication with the outside world,2 and the absolute need of greater facilities for the winter tiansportation of inerehandize, lumber &C., as well as the desire of the citizens for a rapid and comfortable mneans of tarvel led to the construction of the Flint and Perre Marquette Rail Road; the eastern branch of which, from Flint to East 'Saginaw, was completed at the date above mentioned. The comlpletion of' this branch of the road njt 10 HISTORY OF 1EAST SAGINAW. gave the citizens of East Saginaw direct conimunication with the various railroad lines centering at Detroit. I. C. Potter was its first -uperinteDdent, and has ever since conducted the affairs of the road with ability and to the entire satisfaction of its patrons. The following statement will convey a more correct idea of the road and its management. ---- -~-~ --- - Flint and Pere Marquette Railway. The proposed route would extend westward from Flint, Genesee county, to Pere Marquette, in Mason county, on Lake Michigan. Distance 172.} miles. Congress passed an act, June 3, 1856, granting every alternate section of land, designated by odd numbers, then belonging to the United States, for six miles in width, on each side of the located line. The deficiency, if any, was to be made up from the odd numbered sections outside of the six miles, and within fifteen miles of the line. The entire grant amounts to 662,400 acres. There has been already certified, by the Secretary of the Interior, under this grant, and as pertaining to it, )543,829 acres of land. Of this amount the Company have acquired title to 153,600 acres. The construction of seven miles more will give the title to 76,8)00 acres additional, and the construction of each and every twenty miles thereafter, will give title to tlie like additional number of acres, until the whole grant is absorbed. The last Congress, (1864,) passed a joint resolution, extending the time for the completion of the road, five years froi the expiration of the first period named, which will give to June, 1871. 1T1ST0IIY 017 EAST S,-'AGINAW. i I 1 sTAFr-%EMENT OF }-AnNSNXiS. No.v. of Pa-vu]'Lt-oior Rlciipto,. Fitl1?vecipt-. Totl44.11Euning. 1843 68, 75 3 5:3,0)3 353 43,954 (9 96,988 01 16,737 1, 011I 09 13,342 115 114,5 773 1865) 1 w,!)58 9,1,309 02 7'), 24 22 161:, 8-31. 841 TOTAL 51L1 ENI!" F S I'll O1 ALL, STATrION ON s F,. & 1'. M. ihvAlLWAY, 1831.5. Si S.Lrn ~No A o.of1'u't I1311l1- of Ag r, a 1 I' 1 Str~k.I I o -o S Fun l.Hour. ProdloI. Salt. U'. sa —flaR. 2-13,51(1 7,208) 3,1117 61,652 2(1 1.52,204:1, )4 9,1:17 22,267 Il it idgport, 1,292,(008 118, 806 1,64-1 361 1 15) 135,702 `, 111 10))l B111(1. 4,817,0110 1613,5(1 S. 588 13905 7 2 21)0 11)4,611 1 Mt. Mfirri.. 2,880,500 i 4411,00(1(,349 61,857 149 364,1)31 44,7101 Flint. ( 7 4,-2)10 38, 000 1,181,167 1 5,3 13 9,0112,58-2 7,2 12,244 23 11, 1)57,200) 759)5009 1,578,03)1 1.310.317 15,79)8 1)324,91)9 1 1,oe;,,6'04 25-,4:8), Memoirs. ALFRED M. HoY'r. In writing the History of East Saginaw one great link in tile c-hain would be wanting- were we to neglect a special mention of -Mr. Alfred M. Hoyt. To him and Normnan Little (of whom we have spokcen elsewhere) the city is under a wveighty obligation for its prcsent success. His sojourn amiong us was of short duration, hie heaving staid only four years, Teturuing ag'ain to New York~ 1but in that short space of tinle by his indomitable perseverance, caused a city to spring up out of the wilderness. He is a s011 of Jamnes M. Tloyt and a brother of Jesse Hoyt. At the tinie, of his fathers-' purchase of property in Saginaw, in 18t50, hie caine, here to manage the same, and in connection with Norman Little had the, superintendence of its growth and prosperity for four years. He &Directed msany fine buildings, openled roads, and did miany other things for the material advancement of the place. He "represented Saginaw County ill the State Legislature in the year 1 852, and was the first Postmaster appointed in East Saginaw. In 1854 becoming tired of the arduous duties of a pioneer, he relinquished his entire interest in the "embryo city" to his brother Jesse, which consisted of the whole of the original City as first laid outcalled the "Hoyt Plot"-0or a sum of money which now would 12 HIISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. be insufficient to purchase a single block of ground therein.He was a high minded, whole souled gentleman, liberal to a fault. He is now a successful commission merchant in the -City of New York and is one of the firm of Jesse Hoyt & Co. Long may he live to enjoy the richest blessings of Providence. Col. W. L. P. LITTLE was one of the earliest settlers in this City. and has occupied a prominent position since his arrival.He is closely identified with the rapid growth of the City, having in conjunction with Jesse Hoyt, Esq., built several very fine brick structures, and contributed in various ways to its general prosperity. IHle was born in Avon, New York, in 1814, and first visited this Valley in 1834, on business for his father who owned a tract of timber land in the vicinity of Saginaw City. He came to view the land and pay taxes thereon. His stay although comparatively a short one, was sufficient for him to form a very favorable impression, in regard to the nature and future prospects of the country, for in 1836 we find him permanently located in Saginaw City, in the employment of the "Saginaw. City Co." This Company made the first improvements in that City, in the erection of substantial buildings, &c. The Webster House was built by them, which at that early day, was considered a very superior structure, both in architectural design and finish, and the ample spaciousness of its numnerous apartments. Mr. Little remained in their employment until 1840, when he commenced the mercantile business, in that city. His uniform gentlemanly bearing and close application to business secured him a large and lucrative trade, which he continued until 1851. He then -removed to East Saginaw and entered into partnership with Jesse Hoyt in a general mercantile business. Their store was consumed by fire on the 5th of July 1854, when they "wound up" their mercantile business and commenced a banking isatitution under the name of Wm. L. P. Little & Co. This they continued until Jan. 1st 1866, when the Merhants' National Bank of East Saginaw was established, with Wm. L. P. Little IISTOIRY OF 1'AST SAf.ilAW. as Iresident. Mr. Little had the honor of being chosen first MIayor of the City of East Saginaw, which office he filled with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of his constituentsHe is a man of str( ng physical endurance, genial and affable irl his manners, with a kind and generous disposition. WXV. F. GLYSrYv, an early settler in East Saginaw, is one of her most!romlinent and influential citizens. lie was formerly from Livingston County, New York, and first made his appearance in East Sacginaw ill 1850). He was the first master mechanic that settled here. He was a shrewd, active intelligent man, and made several investments in real estate at an early day, that have since made him wealthy. -le was very influential in causing the erection of the three Bridges that span the Saginaw at this point, and is one of the heaviest stock holders in them. HIe held the office of Mayor during the year 1863. Mr. Glasby is a man of sterling worth and iiiteglity, and much esteemed by his fellowcitizens. In writing the memoir of CUaTIs EMERSON, Esq., a seeming contradiction appears as compared with statements given in our Local History of East Saginaw regarding the first settlers.This is easily reconciled from the fhct that the village as well as the City, as originally laid out, comprised only that part known as "Hoyt's Plot," and in writing the early history we have confined ourselves to those limits. "Emerson's addition" on which Mr. Emerson first located, was afterwards incorporated in the City boundaries. Curtis Emerson was born in Norwich, Vermont, 4th February 1810, and came to Michigan in 1836. In 1846 he located himself in Saginaw City, and commenced the lumber business.The following year he moved to the East side of the River and permanently located himself in a building which was already erected, at the foot of what now is known as Bristol street.There were only two houses, one boarding house, a saw mill, one barn and a black smith shop on the east side of the river at this 14 ITSTOlY O1' EAST,AGfINA.V, point, at that time, and they were all deserted; not a living being disturbed the solitude. Mr. Emerson commenced getting out logs and sawing them into hoards.. The following year he converted the blacksmith shop into a store, which lie connected with his lumbering business. This store was situated on the bank of the river, also at the foot of Bristol street. The few residents here, at that time, were a hardy and jovial little band, who were perfectly happy in each other's c(mxpany at their evening gatherings. Mr. Emerson's house was the place of resort, and many a convivial meeting was held in the "H/alls of the Jontezunas.' This time-honored structure was burned during the last winter, and all that remains of its classical thalls is a heap of charred ruins. Mr. Emerson finding a terry necessary to his own business, as well as to accommodate the public, for this purpose built a steam boat 74 feet in length, and named her the "Great Eastern." This ferry was continued until 1864, when the bridge was built, rendering it useless. Mr. Emerson is a kind hearted, public-spirited lman, strictly honorable in all his dealings, and although at times a little too fond of a social glass, he may be ternmed a noble and true-hearted gentleman. Charles W. Grant was also one of the earliest pioneers, and perhaps the first actual settler in East Saginaw. Ie was born in Chenango County, New York, in 1818. In 1849 he caine to what is now East Saginaw. He was elected to the office of Sheriff of Saginaw County in 1855. The year previous he had been appointed )eputy U. S. Marshal, which office he held for five years. Tn 1857 he was re-elected Sheriff and served till 1859. Mr. Grant has been largely engaged in the lumber business since his first residence in the Valley, and is one of the leading men of the City. Mr. Moses 13. Hess, whose name finds frequent mention in these annals, is so intimately connected with the oarly history of the city, that we cannot forbear nlwaking this further mention of him. He was born in Verona, Oneida County, New York in 1825, and emigrated to Livingston County, Michigan, in 1837. HISTUiRY OF EAST S \GINAW. 15 After spending several years in Brighton and in Lansing, (in the latter place he held tile office of Post Master and also State. Librarian for eight years,) he removed, in December, 1850, to East Saginaw, and engaged with A. M. Hoyt & Co. as book keeper and cashier. He afterwards engaged in the Grocery business with O. P. Burt and his brother G. G. Hess, in a building on Water street, on the site lately occupied by the Saginaw Valley Bank. Mr. Hess continued in this business only one year, and then opened a drug store on Genesee street, where J. 'P. aulkins first commenced the Grocery business, continued in the Drug business eight years. When Mr. Hess first engaged in business here, what is now covered with buildings was an almost undisturbed forest, and he has frequently stood in his store door and shot squirrels, as they leaped from limb to limb on the original forest trees. But few families then resided here, and these formed a neighborhood of social beings who were happy in a frequent interchange of good feeling.Mr. Hess filled many offices of public trust, national, state and municipal, and only retired from public life in 1861. He has since been engaged in the care of his large property accumulated by careful industry, energy, and the rapid rise in the value of real estate. Mr. Hess is a public spirited man, and has done much for the city in the erection of public buildings and in other material contributions to its general prosperity.He has frequently exhibited a remarkable energy in overcoming the adverse fortunes that have assailed him. In disposition Mr. Hess is genial and affable, and his hand is ever open to those who are less fortunate in the possession of worldly goods than himself. Mr. G. G. Hess, brother of Moses B. Hess, died in 1861. He was intimately associated with his brother in all the early history of the city, as well as in business enterprises, and was highly esteemed in life for integrity of character; and in his death was deeply lamented. Another of the early settlers was Alexander English.He came here from Lansing, April 8th, 1851. His entire worldly possessions consisted of a team and wagon and one 16 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. extra horse. He worked a farm, the first year after his arrival, for Alfred M. Hoyt. In 1853 he purchased the lime kiln on the river bank just below the Mayflower mills, on Water street, and continued the manufacture of lime until the present year. He quite recently sold the lime kiln property to Messrs. Fish and Holland for $21,000. In 1865 Mr. English purchased the steamer "L. G. Mason," of which he is still the owner, a passengerer boat, that plies between this city and Bay City. Mr. English is a prudent business man and has arisen from comparative poverty to opulence, through his own industry and perseverance. There are four iron foundries in the city, and those are among the most prosperous branches of business carried on. Warner & Eastman conduct one of these; G. W. Merrill one; Wicks Brothers another, and a new one in course of completion will soon be in operation. There are two newspaper offices, one issuing a weekly, the other a daily and a weekly paper. They are both well edited and creditable sheets, named respectively: "The East Saginaw COURIER," and "Saginaw ENTERPISE." SKETCHES OF THE PRESS. Messrs. Mason & Williamson, from Conneautville, Pa., started the "Saginaw Enterprise," a weekly newspaper, in the Spring of 1853. The paper was printed on a sheet 22xE2 inches. The next year Mason sold out to Williamson, and returned to Pennsylvania. Williamson retained the office one year, during a portion of which time he suspended the publication of the Enterprise. Mr. Perry Joslin came to East Saginaw in August, 1856, and in October of the same year purchased the office of Mr. Williamson for $1,000. Mr. Joslin conducted the paper alone until January 1864, when he sold a half interest in it to Mr. Francis Parth for $1,400. In May, 1861, while Mr. Joslin carried on the business, he was burned out and suffered considerable loss, as well by the fire as in the removal of the office fixtures, but his paper continued to appear regularly, though published HISTORY OF EAST SkGINAW.1 17 for a few weeks on a half sheet. Messrs. Joslin & Parth conducted the office until July 1865, when Col. C. V. DeLand became a partner and the value of the office was increased from $S,000 to $12,000. In September of the same year they began the issue of a Daily paper; and the Weekly was enlarged to a 26x.:) inch sheet. January 1st 1866 the office was made a stock concern under the State laws, with a capital of $25,000. and Mr. Joslin continued in charge of the paper, at this time the )aily issue was enlarged to the same dimensions as the Weekly. The office is at present supplied with an Ericson Hot Air Engine, a Hoe drum cylinder press, machine and hand presses and a good supply of Job type, both English and German, and issues a well printed sheet, daily and weekly The office is located on the corner of Water and Tuscola streets, in a two story brick building constructed for its present use. In July, 1859, the Coturwer was established by Geo. F. Lewis, running one hand press, with a moderate stock of job, in addition to newspaper material. In September, 1861, job material and press sold to Mr. Joslin, of the Enterprise, upon a "give and take" offer -both proprietors being convinced that there was not enough job printing in the city then for two establishments -and only the newspaper ran for the year following. In September, 1863, the job printing materials of the Courier were replenished, in August, 1863, the paper was enlarged and Major E. W. Lyon became a partner with Mr. Lewis in the establishment, which at this date runs two machine and three hand presses, and in addition to its newspaper material, has a complete and elegant assortment of job type, cuts, borders and apparatus. The Courer establishment has been set up —we mean the material-six times since its first appearance, in six different buildings, and is now located in the 2d story of Grant Block, Washington street, occupying a room 22x80 feet in extent; eligibly situated and judiciously arranged for the management of its extensive business. ct 18 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. WVe have sketched the local history of East Saginaw, and given an idea of its rapid transition from an untraversed wilderness to a populous city. The future of East Saginaw, is even brighter, if we may judoe the future by the past, than its age would lead us to suppose. The position of the city as an inland port, yet so located as not only to command inland trade, but also commercial intercourse by water with the rest of the State, and with all the important Lake ports, makes it a city of whose future it is difficult to conceive. The immense lumbering interests of the surrounding country, that find here their central depot; the exhaustless salines that underlie the whole valley; the extensive fisheries that just begin to engage the attention of the people; these are among the profitable sources of wealth that tend to make of East Saginaw a populous town. Her ample river, into which tif largest class of Lake vessels may enter, gives to the city a very desirable mode of access to the outside world. Vessels may load at her wharve, and discharge their cargoes at the docks in Liverpool or Havre, and Vice Versa.The only limit to the course of commerce in this direction is the capacity of the Welland Canal. Any vessel which can pass the Welland locks, can load and unload alternately at East Saginaw and at foreign ports. The rapidly increasing demand for the various indigenous products of the locality, must make for the Valley a widely known fame, and the future of East Saginaw can hardly be less grand and enduring than that of the most favored city on our inland waters. Who shall paint the young giant that grows from a wilderness to a great city in a dozen years? Who shall sketch it at his easel when another decade sweeps by? We may look for a development of vitality here that shall outstrip the most sanguine imaginings of its own sanguine people within the next half-score of years. Churches ani Societies. ST. PAUL'S CHURCH. St. Paul's Church, East Saginaw, (Protestant Episcopal), was organized under the ministry of Rev. Z. Spaulding, February 2d, 1864, with not more than two or three communicants. - The succeeding Clergymen were Rev. Edward Mayer, 1858-9, Reve G. B. Engle, 1859-60, Rev. Henry Banwell, 1860-61, Rev. D). E. Brown, 1861- 64, Rev. Wm. Paret, present Rector. The growttl of the Church may be seen from the number of communicants reported at different times. In 1857, there were five, in 1859, eight, and also in 1860 eight; in 1862 twenty-five, 1864, fifty, and in 1865 one hundred. The Sunday school now numbers 22 Teachers and 160 'cholars;, having a library of 320 voluiues. The Church building, on the north-east corner of Lapeer, and Warren streets-not yet quite finished-was begun in October, 1864. It is of wood, in Gothic style; 40 feet by 103, with deep Apsidal Chancel; cost $17,000, including furnaces and furniture; seating about 400 persons. The lot on which the Church stands was a gift from Mr. Hoyt. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. In the Spring of 1857, Rev. W. C. Smith, then of Lapeer, was induced to visit East Saginaw with a view to the formation of a new Church. The movement met with so favorable a response that the services of Mr. Siuitl were secured for a year, begining the first Sabbath in May. Buena Vista Hall, then just opened, was used as the place of worship, being furnished for this purpose, free of charge, by the owner, Mr. Jesse Hoyt, of New York. The Congregatioin commenced and continued to be large. On the first Sabbath in June, a Sunday school was organized by the 2II HISTORY OF EAST SAGIN'AW. election of Chester B. Jones. Superintendent. In a short time tle school numberel 151t scholars and teachers, with a wellselected library of about 600 volumes. On Wednesday, the 8th day of September, 1857, the first Congregational Society was organized by the adoption of articles of association and the election of Trustees. The preliminary steps towards the organization of a Church were taken at several meetings convened for the purpose; first of which was held Sept. 18, at which it was first decided by a vote of 18 to 4, that the Congregational form of Church Government should be adopted, after which articles of faith, a covenant, and sundry regulations were agreed upon. On the 7th of October, an Ecclesiastical council convened by letters missive, assembled in Buena Vista Hall, by which the preliminary proceedings were approved, and the Church publicly recogn;zed. Twenty-two persans united in the organization by letter, and four on profession of their faith. Since then 124 persons have been received to membership, of whom 40 were by profession; 42 have been removed by death or dismission to other Churches, leaving a present membership of 126. The Sunday school has largely increased, having a present enrollnimut of 325 and an average attendance of 250; with a library of 500 volumes. On the first Sabbath in February, 1861, the Congregation removed from the Hall into the new Church edifice, corner of Washington and German streets, which had been built, including lot, at an expense of about $3,500, which is still in use. A movement is now on foot to build a new House of Worship, to cost $35,000, on lots purchased by the Society oil the corner of Jefferson and Hayden streets. The pastoral office becoming vacant on the resignation of the Rev. W. C. Smith, it was filled by a call to Rev. J. G. W. Cowles of Mansfield, Ohio, who entered upon his ministry with the Church, on the second Sabbath in May, 1865, and was installed pastor, by an Ecclesiastical Council, Sept. 6th 1865. HISTORY OF EAST SAGIINAW, 21 METHOI)IST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The Methodist Episcopal Church of East Saginaw was organized in 1852, with six imehbers. Rev A. C. Shaw was its first pastor; he remained here two years. Rev. G. S. Clements, jr., succeeded him, and remained two years. He was succeeded by Rev. G. N. Belknap, one year; Rev. Curtis Mosher, two years; Rev. H. N. Brown, two years; Rev. H. 0. Parker, two years; Rev. G. W. Warren, one year; Rev. R. R. Richards, one year. Rev. B. S. Taylor is p; stor, at this date. The present membership of the Church is one hundred and thirty-one (131). The church building was erected in 1852, and is located on the corner of German and Washington streets. The property is valued at ten thousand dollars. The Society has recently sold this building, and are preparing to erect a new Church on Jefferson street, at a cost of $40,000, the structure to be of brick, in Gothic style. The number of Sabbath school scholars connected with this church is 206; volumes in library 500. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OF EAST SAGINAW. This Church was organized with a constituent membership of 15, Miay 13, 1858. Recognized by a council of sister Churches, August 14, 1858. The Church was supplied about six months by Rev. Samuel Cornelius, now at Ann Arbor. Rev. J. S. Goodman, settled with the Church in November, 1859, and continued as Pastor until Nov. 1863. In the same month letters mission were granted to about twenty Members, living in Saginaw City, for the purpose of organizing a Church in that place. In October, 1864, the present Pastor, Rev. A. L. Morehouse, settled with the Church. The present membership is 84. The Sabbath school numbers 150; two Bible classes; fifteen Teachers. A Sabbath school library of about 300 vols. A central and desirable site for a new edifice has been secured on the corner of Jefferson and German streets. 22 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. MASONIC. There is one lodge in East Saginaw. It was the first one formed in the Valley and is called "Saginaw Lodge No. 77,"A Dispensation was granted by the Grand Lodge of Michigan to Moses B. Hess as W. M., David Hughes as S. W. and Jas. A. Large as J. W., with S. C. Munson, S. C. Beach, Absalorn F. Hayden and David F. Hess as Charter Members, to open a lodge at East Saginaw, and the first meeting was held at the present Masonic Hall on 23d of June 1855. No work was done until the 30th and 31st of July 1855, when by the assistance of. R W. Bela Cogshall, the then G. V. and Lecturer, the E. A. degree was conferred on Hon. Norman Little, Wm. [J. P. Little, Win. L. Webber and Chas. B. Mott in the order here named. A Charter was granted by the Grand Lodge at its annual session in Jan. 1856, and on the 27th of Feb. 1856 an election for officers under the charter was held, by which Jos. A. Large was chosen as W. M., W. L. Webber as S. W. and Chas W. Grant as J. W., and on the same day R. W. Horace S. Roberts, Deputy Grand Master, assisted by R. W. John B. Hamilton J. G. W. and others dedicated and constituted the Lodge and all its officers. Since that time the Lodge has been presided over by the following officers for the years ending Dec. 27th, 1857 to 1864: 1857, W. L. Webber, W. I., S. W. Yawkey, S. W., George J. Dorr, J. WV. 1858 " " " " " C. M. Curtis, " J.. S. Et:llrook " 1859 W. J. Bartow " J. J. Wheeler C. B. Jones " " 1860 W. L. Webber " Jas. F. Brown " A. S. Guyloud 1861 W. J. Bartow.. A. S. Gaylord C * '. B. ott " 1862 ' " " " J. W. Toms " " J. S. Estabrook 1863 "" " " " I" " " " " W, I. Wetbber " " 1864 "" " " " Mark IIodgson Geo. C. Sanborn It " The three last named have since been twice re-elected and still hold the sanme offices. Since the formation of the Lodge there have been initiated 97 persons. The degree of Master Mason has been conferred upon 88. Died 10; admitted from other Lodges 40. The present number of Members is 76. Most of those who have been dismissed left for the purpose of aiding in the formation of new HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. 2] lodges, of which there have been formed, one at Bay City, one at Saginaw City, one at Salina and one at Vassar. There is much interest now manifested in the prosperity of the Lodge, and its condition is as prosperous as can be desired. Their Hall is 32x50 feet, is lighted with gas and comfortably furnished. The Regular Communications are held on the Tuesday on or next preceding each full moon. SAGINAW VALLEY CHAPTER, No. 31, Royal Arch Masons, was chartered Jan. 12, 1864. The first officers named in the charter were W. L. Webber, H. I., Chas. B. Mott, K. and S. W. Yawkey, S. The following is a list of names of charter members: W. L. Webber, W. J. Bartow, E. W. Lyon, Chas. B. Mott, L. S. Lenheim, Ezra Rust, George W. Merrill, Judson C. Lowell, Chas. E. Gillett, Geo. F. Lewis, John J. Wheeler, Robert H. Weideman, Addison P. Brewer, Moses B. Hess, Sam'l W. Yawkey, Jno. S. Estabrook, Irving M. Smith, Wm. Hodson, and Chas. W. Grant. The first meeting of the Chapter was held Feb. 4th, 1864, at which time an election was held. Chas. B. Mott, on account of the condition of his health declined to be elected as King. The officers elected were,William L. Webber, - - H. P. Judson C. Lowell, - - - K. S. W. Yawkey, - S. W. J. Bartow, - - - C. H. Chas. E. Gillett, - - - - P. S. John S. Estabrook, - - R. A. C. E. W. Lyon, - - - - M. 3d Veil. Geo. F. Lewis, - - - M. 2d Veil. Fred. E. Hoyt, - - - - M. 1st Veil. The Chapter was constituted and the officers installed on the 20th day of April, 1864, by Francis Darrow, of Pontiac, R. E. D. H. P., assisted by Stillmat Blanchard, R. E. G. V. and L., and a large number of companions from Pontiac and Flint. HISTOIY OF EAST SAGINAW. At the election held Dec. 4th, 1854, the same officers were re-elected. The present officers are, W. L. Webber, - - - II. I' W. J. Bartow, K. Geo. C. Sanborn, - - - S. E. W. Lyon, - - - - C..II Irving M. Smith, - - - p. S. Geo. C. Warner, - - - E. A. C. S. Keeler, - - -. 3d. Veil. C. F. Johnson, -. 2d Veil. F. E. Hoyt, - - - - M. 1 t Veil. The present number of members is 56. The regular meetings are held on the first Thursday in every month. ODD FELLOWS. O-SAW-WA-BoN LODGE, No. 14, meets in Odd Fellows Hall, BuenaVista Block, every Friday evening. J H. McFarlin, N. G., T. E. Doughty, V. G., J. M. Luther, R. S., C. H. Burton, P. S., W. F. Glasby, S. This Lodge was instituted June 2d, 1855, by Hon. Wm. M. Fenton, Grand Master of the Order in the State of Michigan, with the following named gentlemen as charter members. viz: Jay S. Curtis, Charles B. Mott, Martin Smith, W. TL. P. Little J. H. McFarlin, A. Ferguson, S. B. Knapp, Thomas M. Birdsall. Chas. B. Mott, Esq., was installed N. G., A. Ferguson, V. G. Owing to the very limited number of business men in the then small town, this Lodge did not meet with its merited success, and after struggling for nearly two years its members ceased to meet as Odd Fellows. June 2d, 1865, just ten years from its first organization, the Lodge was re-instituted, installing Jay, S. Curtis, N. G.; A. Ferguson, R. S.; C. H. Burton, P. S.; W. F. Glasby, S.; and now ranks with the first lodges in the State of Michigan, having one hundred of the first class business men of the City as members. H!STORY OF EAST SAGIN.W. 25 Odd Fellowship, although of ancient origin, was introduced into this country about 30 years ago; and already, we number the fraternity by tens of thousands. During the lapse of time its blessings have been everywhere acknowledged and commended. The sick have been relieved, the destitute comforted, the widow made happy, and the orphan educated.Wherever our Order flourishes, it will befound that the virtues of benevolence, economy and harmony are cultivated. A member of the Order can always count on "troops of friends," who will never leave him in adversity or affliction. Wheresoever he goes, he is surrounded by brethren, who at a word will hasten to do him good. The chronicles of our Order contain numerous illustrations of the beneficence of the institution. Many virtuous but indigent families have been saved from despair and crime by the munificent charity of our Lodges. This charity is in deed secret, and therefore more grateful efficient. No sense of mortification is attendant on relief furnished by the Lodge. The benefit is a right not a boon. No matter how long the recipient of our good offices has been an invalid, the relief given is never grudgingly bestowed It is as much a duty to receive as it is a duty to give. We expect no gratitude for our favors; for every member of the Lodge has an undisputed right to demand them. Such mutual giving and taking preserves a man's soul in independence. An Odd Fellow takes but his own when he receives anything froim the Lodge; for his own contributions have constituted the fund he draws from. He must be worthy, however. No invalid through intemperance or immorality can participate in our bounty. The dissipated man, if known to be such, can never enter among us; but should any unworthy individual be introduced, by successful fraud, into the Frateinity, he will soon be taught that his own inventions will return to plague him. We cannot undertake to exhibit, at this time, all the peculiar excellencies of our Order Initiation into the mysteries will in due season, display before the candidate the beautiful uses of Odd Fellowship. 26 HISTOIY OF EAST SAGINAW. Au Encampment was instituted in this City, May 10th, 1866, called the Valley Encampment. Valley Encampment, No. 20, I. 0. O. F., meets in Odd Fellows Hall on the 1st and 3d Wednesday of each month. Charter members, J. S. Curtis, C. H. Burton, A. Ferguson, T. E. Doughty, W. H. Southwick, J. M. Luther, J. H. McFarlin. Officers: J. H. McFarlin, C. P.; J. S. Curtis, H. P.; T. E. Doughty, S. W.; A. Ferguson, S.; C. H. Burton, P.: J. M. Luther, J. V., GOOD TEMPLARS. A lodge of this order was instituted in East Saginaw on the 24th of Nov., 1865, with twenty-four members. The first set of officers were as follows: Rev. B. S. Taylor, W. C. T. Dr. O. L. Mason, W. C. Miss Jane Smith, W. V. T. Wm. Wiley, P. W. C. T. D. W. Perkins, Esq., W. S. Miss Amanda Allen, WT. A. S. C. B. Jones, W. T. Cornelius Wilson, W. M. W. H. Burrill, W. F. S. Miss M. Coggswell, W. D. MMiss Anna West, W. I. G. Capt. O. P. Davison, W. O. G. Now, after an existence of a little less than five months, the membership of the lodge numbers one hundred and fifty-six, (156) among these several who were formerly addicted to intemperance. YOUNG MEN'S ASSOCIATION. The preliminary movement which resulted in the formation of the Young Men's Association of East Saginaw, was the organization of a Lecture Association. This is its brief history: Monday, October 7th, 1864, a few gentlemen met at the Bancroft House to devise the best way for securing a few good lectures the coming winter. A communication from the Secretary of the Associated Western Literary Societies, Geo. Andrews, Esq., and a letter from H. C. Potter, Esq., who was unavoidably absent, were read. Chas. B. Mott was called to the chair and J. J. Wheeler was appointed Secretary. On motion, J. J. Wheeler, I. M. Smith HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. 27 and H. M. Flagler were appointed a committee to ascertain and report the best method of obtaining the desired object, and the meeting adjourned to meet at the same place, on Wednesday evening, the 19th. At the adjourned meeting, the committee reported and their report was, with a few slight amendments adopted. This report provided for a future permanent Literary Society, and for securing a course of lectures, H. C. IPotter, I. M. Smith, and [H. M. Flagler being appointed a committee to obtain subscribers thereto. A sufficient number of subscribers were obtained and a course of lectures had at Irving Hall. Irving M. Smith was Secretary of the Association, George K. Newcombe, Treasurer. At a meeting of the Lecture Association held at the office of Webber & Smith, Friday evening, August 18, 1865, Dr. H. C. Potter being called to the chair and Geo. F. Lewis chosen Secretary, Irving M. Smith, Chairman of committee previously appointed, submitted Articles of Association for the organization of the "YOUNG MEN's ASSOCIATION OF EAST SAGINAW" in conformity with a recent Act of the Legislature authorizing the incorporation of Societies for Literary and Scientific purposes, which were, on motion adopted, signed by the members present, Messrs. H. C. Potter, Wm. L. Webber, Samuel W. Yawkey, Calvin D. Bliss, G. B. Boardman, Geo. K. Newcombe, Irving M. Smith, C. K. Robinson, L. C. Storrs, G. C. Warner, Geo. F. Lewis, C. H. Gage. W. J. Bartow, Geo. W. Morley, S. J. Reynolds, T. E. Morris and E. W. Morley, properly acknowledged and copies thereof transmitted to the Secretary of State, and County Clerk of Saginaw County. These Articles provide that the corporation thus formed shall continue for the full period of thirty years from and after the date thereof. Its object to be the promotion of literary and scientific pursuits. The affairs of the Association are managed by a board of sixteen Directors, elected annually by ballot on the second Tuesday in March. The preliminary organization being effected, the following members were elected as the first BOARD OF DIRECTORS: 28 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. President, Dr. H. C. Potter; 1st Vice President, Geo. K. Newcombe; 2d Vice Prestidet, Irving M. Smith; Treasurer, L. e Storrs; Reoording Secretary, Geo. F. Lewis; Corresponding Secretary, G. B. Boardman; W. L. Webber, Geo. C. Warner, C. H. Gage, S. W. Yawkey. A course of lectures was provided for the winter of 1855-6, and at the election of officers in March, 1866, the Association made choice of the present efficient BOARD OF DIRECTORs. President, Chauncy H. Gage; 1st Vice President, William J. Bartow; 2d rice President, Charles Ten Eyck; Treasurer, L. C. Storrs; RFecording Secretary, Myron A. Johnson; Correspondihq Secretary, Irving M. Smith; Noah C. Richardson, John S. Estabrook, George W. Morley, Thos. E. Morris, DeWitt C. Gage, M. H. Gallaher, Chas T. Wickes, D. S. Hall, B. J. Brown, E. W. Lyon. The Association now numbers something over one hundred active members. Its condition and management give hopeful assurance that it will soon become one of the most credilable institutions of its class in the North-west. SAGINAW CO. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Pursuant to call, a meeting for the organization of a County Agricultural Society was held at Buena Vista Hall, East Saginaw, Saturday, P. M., March 24th. The call having been read, on motion, WWm. McBratnie was called to the chair and Geo, F. Lewis chosen Secretary. A committee was appointed consisting of W. L. Webber, M. W. Quackenbush, C. McBratnie, Win. M. Smith, John Wiltse, Who reported a constitution, which was adopted. The following officers were elected: President, Barney H. York; Vice Presidents, Geo. F. VeinFleet, Wm. M. Smith, Wm. McBratnie, W. J. Bartow; Secretary, Geo. F. Lewis: Treasurer, Thomas L. Jackson. Members of Executive Committee-John Wiltse, Wellington R. Burt, John G. Hubinger, Andrew Crofoot, Andrew Goetz, N. S. Beach, Robert Ure. HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. 29 NEPTUNE BOAT CLUB NWas organized in the summer of 1859, its leading members at the outset being S. R. Kirby, Jas. F. Brown, F. A. Koehler, J. E. and J. H. Mershon, F. N. Bridgeman, George Scram, Z. W. Wright and others whose names we have not been able to obtain. A fine six oared barge, the " Neptune," length 45 feet, beam 3 feet 9 inches, Capt S. R. Kirby, designer; M. S. Filkins, builder, was built for the Club the first year of its organization, and is still in excellent condition, with this are sets of spruce and ash oars and other requisite appurtenances. A new fouroared boat will be added this season to the property of the Club who have a commodious house therefor near the Mayflower Mills. Officers of the Club: President, Geo. F. Lewis; Secretary and Treasurer, Myron A. Johnson; Coxswaiz, Douglas Hoyt, 1st Ass's Coxswain, Chas. H. Wilkins; 2d Ass't, Fred. E. Hoyt. FIRE DEPARTMENT. This city boasts of a well organized Fire Department, consisting of one second class Rotary Steamer, of the Seneca Falls manufacture, with a Hose cart and fifteen hundred feet of rubber hose; together with a large span of horses always in readiness to attach at a moments warning. Also one independent hand Engine, owned by the Company manning it; and two other hand Engines owned by the City, also a IHook & Ladder Truck, with a full supply of ladders and hooks. One of their Engines are manned wholly by Germans. There is no better organized and disciplined Fire Department in the West, than in East Saginaw; the noble boys in "red " being always ready, and willing, to render efficient service. THE COLORED DEBATING SOCIETY. The Association was organized February, 1866, and is composed of both male and female members, and its object is the moral and intellectual improvement of its members, The meetings are held weekly, and consists of exercises in debating questions and declamation. Lewis Reno, Pres't., Washington Foot, Vice Pres't. G. J. Goodridge, Recording Secretary, Wm. Goodridge, Corresponding Secretary, W. Q. Atwood, Treasurer. 30 HISTORY OF EAST SAGIN8AW. SS To say anything in addition to what we have already said, in praise of the Bancroft House, or its gentlemanly proprietor, Mr. G W. Wesley, would be superfluous. We will only add, that in connection with the Bancroft Mr, Wesley has one of the finest BILLIARD ROOMS in the State, supplied with four tables of the most approved manufacture. And his room being spacious and admirably lighted and ventilated, renders it a very inviting resort to lovers of the "cue." Mr. Ryan, his gentlemanly attendant, is always watchful to render every attention to his patrons. See card, outside front cover. FREY BROTHEUS, dealers in Books and Stationery, commenced business on Water street, East Saginaw, in 1862. On the first of February, 1866, Mr. Henry W. Wickleim became a member of the firm, changing its name to J. F. Frey & Co. Their business becoming increased they found it necessary to remove to their present large and commodious store in the Crouse Block, on Genesee street, which occurred about two months since.Their stock is very rich and varied, consisting of almost every kind of books and a large assortment of stationery, &c., &c.Their prices are very low; indeed as low as the same articles could be purchased for at retail in the eastern market. "Quick sales and small profits," is the plan upon which they work, which will ultimately prove a great success. Call and examine their rich and splendid assortment of Books and Stationery — See card, page 49. MR. B. B. BUCKnorT as an enterprising business man is worthy especial notice in our pages. He came here from Central New York in 1853, and engaged with Col. W. L. P. Little as clerk for one year; at the expiration of which time he entered into a partnership with Messrs. Beach & Morris, in a general merchandizing business. This partnership was dissolved after the continuance of one year, by mutual consent; and the stock on hand was divided among the partners, equally. Mr. Buckhout took the Hardware portion of the stock and opened a general HISrOoRY OF EAST SAGINAW. 31 Hardware store, which he has continued ever since, and we are glad to say with success. His store is located at No. 124, north Water street, and is supplied with a full assortment, from cellar to garret. Mr. Buckhout is a pleasant and agreeable man to do business with, and has a host of friends in the Valley. Long may he wave. See card, page 51. JAs. S. DELAND, commenced business in company with Mr. H. H. Woodruff in September, 1865, under the firm of H. H. Woodruff & Co., carrying on the Grocery and Provision business. In Febuary, 1865, H. H. Woodruff, relinquished his interest to his partner, who still continues the business. His store is large and capacious, being eighty feet in depth and twenty feet wide, well stocked with a fresh supply of Groceries and provisions. During the short time he has been in business, he has acquired a large patronage, by honest dealing and adhering to the principle of "quick sales and small profits." His store is located in a central part of town, at No. 224, South Washington street. See card, page 53. M. H. ALLARDT, ever since his arrival in East Saginaw has been closely identified with the interests of the City, holding some office of trust, the greater part of the time. The first knowledge we have of his early history is in the "Plaindealer office;" at Cleveland, Ohio, where he learned the Printer's trade. He afterwards published the first German paper in Michigan, at Detroit. He afterwards returned to Cleveland and entered the Cleveland law school, where he graduated in 1861. In the spring of 1862 he came to East Saginaw and opened a law office. He was elected City Clerk the same year, and proved a very efficient member of the Council. In the Spring of 1864 he was elected Alderman of the 2d Ward, and in 1866 he was re-elected; which office he now holds. He received the Agency for several first class Insurance Companies and has beenengaged quite extensively in that business. He lately purchased Mr. W. H. Southwick's interest in the Tobacco store in the Irving Block on Genesee street, which business, together with his Insurance 32 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. business, he is now engaged in. Mr. Allardt is a very clear minded, intelligent, and candid man; a useful member of society, and much esteemed for his many good qualities. See card, page 55. Messrs. ELLIOTT & IARIsoxN came to East Saginaw in January, 1866, and opened a Crockery and general house furnishing store in the Empire Block on South Water street. This firm are pioneers in the Valley in keeping Carpets, Oil Cloths, Cutlery, Plated goods and all the other articles, useful, convenient and ornamental in the way of housekeeping supplies. The generous patronage extended to the firm has led them to increase their facilities for supplying the demands of the public both at Wholesale and Retail, until their store has assumed an extent and variety difficult to be surpassed. These gentlemen, both, have had a long experience in their busines, and just previous to their settling here, were citizens of Binghamton, New York. From a personal acquaintance, M e can recommend them as fair and square dealers. Call and see their stock. See card, page 59. CIHAILE5 H. SMITH & Co., manufacturers and dealers in Boots, Shoes, Rubbers and Boot Pacs, in the Empire Block, on South Water street, in this City, are formerly from Binghamton, New York, and are gentlemen worthy the confidence and patronage of the citizens of the Valley. They keep a very extensive assortment; and manufacture the best kind of work, as we can personally attest, having tried them. Their store is spacious and well lighted; and customers dealing with them will be politely treated and fairly dealt with. Give them a call. See card, page 61. In March, 1865, Mir. MARSHALL G. SMITr became proprietor of the "EVERETT HOUSE," bringing with him the experience of eight years as a landlord; and if what "everybody" says can be relied upon, he "knows how to keep a hotel." In January, 1866, Mr. G. H. Crouse, son of Robert Crouse-who owns and built the house-became associated with Mr. Smith in the managemenent HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. 33 of the business. The Table d'lote is well supplied with all the delicacies of the season, and a stranger stopping with them is made to "feel at home." They have a fine set of billiard tables connected with the establishment for those having a fancy for that kind of recreation. In all its appointments the Everett House is one of the most complete and desirable hotels in the west. See card, outside, back cover. The Dry Goods store of WILLIA. BARIE situate on Genesee street deserves especial mention. Mr. Barie is an old resident of East Saginaw and has literally "grown with its growth and strengthened with its strength." He commenced business here in 1859 carrying on a variety store such as is usually kept in country towns, until 1862, when he made the Dry Goods Trade his speciality. His store is well located and 'filled with the choicest selection of goods that can be purchased in New York market. He is gentlemanly in his manners and always glad to show his goods. Give him a call. -See Advertisement page 88. STEVENS, POOL & Co., are extensive dealers in Dry Goods, Fancy Goods, Notions, Lumberman's goods, &c., and now permanently occupy their new store recently fitted up for them in the Everett Block on Geresee street. They first commenced business on Water street in the spring of 1865, and built up for themselves an enviable reputation as dealers, and a large and lucrative patronage. Their present location is one of the finest in the city and their store a perfect model, being finished off in the most exquisite style, unsurpassed in any place west of New York. They have a full and well selected stock, and their prices are really very low. The following are the gentlemen who compose the firm: J: R. Stevens, B. F. Pool and J. T. Barnham, who are well and favorably known. Among the largest and best business establishments in the Saginaw Valley may be mentioned that of Messrs. LENnEIM & IDDINGS, Manufacturers, and wholesale and retail dealers in Boots, Shoes, and Leather, at No. 211, Genesee street. Mr. Et r)4 IIISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. Lenheim was the first to engage in the Boot & Shoe trade, exclusively, in this city. His business was established on Water street in 1862, in the store now occupied by H. Duncan, where he continued until January, 1865. His business becoming so increased he found it necessary to remaove to the store adjoining, which was double the capacity, and gave him a better opportunity of (lisplaying his immnense stock of goods, and increase his facilities for manufacturing. His store was noted for being the place where good bargains could be obtained in boots and shoes. On the 5th of March, 1865, l{ichard M. Iddings became a member of the firmn, at which tnie they removed to the store now occupied by them, No. 211, Genesee street, Everett Block, which is more roomy than the one just vacated, and is a better location for bnsiness. Their stock is complete, and their custom work warranted to give entire satisfaction. See their cards, pages 72 and 112. The firm of J. R. LIVINGST(ON & Co., is composed of J. R. Livingstonand R. J. Tappan, the latter well klown as the late gentlemanly and obliging Clerk at the Bancroft House. These gentlemen both possess rare qualities as business men, uniting with a pleasing and gentlemanly manner, the strictest integrity and honesty of dealing. Their store is located at No. 102 Genesee, corner of Water streets, and has lately been enlarged, re-fitted and re-painted; so that now it presents a most attractive appearance. Their stock is rich and elegant, comprising as large a variety, as can be found in the Valley. Such men are sure to succeed; and they have our best wishes. See their Advertisment page 74. Joux O'BRIEN, has been in business in this city for seven years past, and may almost be considered as ono of the pioneers.His store is located on Genesee street east of Cass, and keeps a full assortment of Family Groceries; which lie sells very cheap for cash. Mr. O'Brien has secured many friends and a good trade by fair dealing and gentlemanly deportment. Give him a call. See his advertising, page 86. HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. 35 H. N. DOTY who for three years past has been engaged in the Grocery business at No. 101 Lapeer corner Jefferson streets, is a fair and honest dealer, and keeps a good assortment of Family Groceries. His store is neatly kept and customers are treated politely. We hazard nothing in saying that persons once dealing with him, will be sure to deal with him again. See card, page 89. W. I. HOWARD doing business with his brother, on Washington street, as Grocerymnn, is an old resident of the City, having been engaged in trade here for more than eight years. His assortment of groceries is full and fresh. His long and favorable acquaintance with our citizens renders it unnecessary for us to speak of his honesty and fair dealing, as he already enjoys that enviable reputation. May success attend them. See card, page 55. W. N. GR Y, Merchant Tailor, and wholesale and retail dealer in Mens, Youths, and Boys RE )Y MADE CLOTHING, may be classed among our best business men. He commenced business in this City in March, 1864, on Water street, and continued there until 1865. In September, of the same year he removed to his present location, No. 119 Genesee street, opposite the Bancroft House. His store is elegantly fitted up and furnished with the choicest selection of goods for Men's wear. Mr. Edward Morris (late with Cullin, of Broadway, New York), as a Cutter enjoys an enviable reputation and always gives entire satisfaction to customers. Mr. Gray makes custom trading his speciality, having his Fashion Patterns gotten up in New York especially for him, he is enabled to furnish garments in the very latest Paris and New York styles. His custom room over his store occupies the whole space from front to rear, where may be seen a splendid stock of English, French and American Cassimeres, French coatings, vestings, &c., really worth inspection. Mr. Gray is a man correct in his business dealings, and advertises liberally, which ever brings pecuniary success. See card, page 44. 86 HLISTORY OF1 EAST SAGINAW. The Iron Foundry buildings occupied by WlICK:S 1BnOTIIERS, on North Water street, was erected by tH. W\. Wood & Co., formerly of Flint, in July 1860. The firm of H. W. Wood & Co., was composed at that time of H. WV. WIood and H. D. & E. N. Wickes, who carried on business successfully until July, 1865, at which time the senior partner withdrew his interest and H. 1). & E. N. Wickes continued the busiifess under the name and style of WICKEi BIOTTRIIT. The main building, is a substantial wood structure one story high, one hundred and eighty feet in length by forty-four feet in width, which, together with other smaller buildings connected with it, occupiesfoler full Lots, making a frontage on north Water street of one hundred and twenty feet extending back two hundred land forty feet to North Washington street. This enterprising firm keeps steadily employed twenty-two men, and do all kinds of jobs in their line, such as Stationary Engines, all kinds of mill geering and machinery, also salt well machinery, and all kinds of iron and brass castings. They are also the sole manufacturers of the popular "Michigan Board Macline and siding mill." Their stock of patterns and the facilities for manufacturing are as complete as any establishment north of Detroit. They are both practical mechanics,?'orklgy with their men, and have by honest dealing and industry won an enviable reputation and a good business. See card, page 45. HUGH WNALLACE} carries on the Saddle, Harness and Trunk making business, No. O02, N Genesee street, nearly opposite the Everett House. He commenced the harness and saddle making business in company with his brother, in 1861, and although he has met with severe losses by fire and otherwise, he has manfully struggled against his adverse fortunes and lias succeeded in accumulating a small property. Ho purchased his brother's interest in 1865, and continues the business with good success. lie does his work weil, and gives good satisfaction. lis foremian, John Franklin, ranks among the first mechanics in the trade. Give him a call. See his card page 89). IISTOREY OF EAST SAGINAV. 37 M. H. G\LLHIER came to East Saginaw, June, 1862, and engaged in the Insurance business with C. B. Mott, taking general charge of the office business up to the time of Mr. Mott's decease, which occurred MAay 14th, 1865. In July following he was appinted the Agent for the Companies formerly represented by Mr. Mott, and by careful management and close application he has largely increased his business. HI- represents a number of the oldest and nm)st reliable Insurance Companies in the Union. By his straight-forward manner of doing business he has won the confidence and esteem of the business men of the Valley.We be-speak for him an increased patronage. Messrs. EDWARD ArKiN, & L. H. BABCOCK commenced the Crockery and glass ware business in this city two years ago on Washington street, where they carried on an extensive trade.About a year aro, L. H. Babcock relinquished his interest in the business to Jamies Stinson. They removed to their present location, No. 209 Genesee street, Everett Block, in March last. Their new store is well lighted and roomy, being twenty-three feet in width by eighty feet in length, and three stories high; containing as large, and as rich a stock as can be found west of Buffalo. Their goods are arranged in the most tasty style, displaying their splendid assortment to the greatest advantage imaginable. It is a sight really worth seeing, even if no attention is had of purchasing. They are both gentlemen of pleasing manners and are always happy to exhibit their wares.Country merchants will find every advantage that Eastern markets afford, and their interest at all times carefully guarded. The Jewelry store of S. T. LEGGETT, located atNo. 106, South Washington street, in this city, is particularly worthy of mention. The variety and richness of his stock, is not excelled outside of Detroit, and his gentlemanly mode of dealing elicits the commendations of all those who have business transactions with him. He first commenced business in this city in the year 1862, in the store at present occupied by H. C. Silsbee; on Water street, and continued there until February, 1866, when he re s38 I[ISTOR~Y OF EAST SAGINAW. moved to his present location. His store, in pcint of finish and design, is faultless, being a perfect model in artistic display. Those wishing their watches repaired, will find in him, a mechanic of superior skill. See his card page 114. RICHARD LUSTERI commenced business on the north-east corder Genesee and Cass streets, in 1863, carrying on the Grocery and Provision trade. He keeps everything in his line, which he sells either at whole.ale or retail. As a dealer Mr. Lester is accommodating, gentlemanly and honest. Iis store is centrally located and neatly kept. Give him a call. See card, page 116. IIENrIY MARKS, dealer in Hats, Caps, Furs, ready made clothing and Gent's furnishing goods, at No. 115 Gencsee street, has been in trade here for eleven years past. With a small capital and a large amount of enterprise at the outset, lie has succeeded in accumulating a nice little property. He purchased of Chas. Allen, Esq., the lot upon which his store is erected, about nine years ago, and about two years since he erected the fine looking building he now occupies. Mr. Marks, as a dealer, stands well in the community. See page 92. W. H. SOUTHwICK, dealer in Tobacco and Segars, and Leather Belting in connection with William Ward, at No. 107 Genesee street, first settled in East Saginaw in 1865. He came from Rochester, N Y., and engaged in the business of Lumber Inspector in this place. Hle continued in the business until 1862, at which time he was appointed Assistant U. S. Assessor for this district. In 1862 he was elected one of the Aldermen of the City to represent the 3d Ward; the duties of which office he discharged with credit. In 1864 he became interested with MI. H. Allardt in the Tobacco and Segar business in the Irving Block, which he continued till Feb. 1866, when he sold back his interest to his partner. In April, the same year, he formed a partnership with Mr. Win. Ward in transacting the leather belting and tobacco and segar business, at No. 107 Genesee st., which, together with his duties as U. S. Assessor he now continues. Their stock is large and their facilities for giving good HISTORY OF EAST SAGIN.AW. bargains is very great. Those wishing a supply of leather belting or anythiug in their line would do well to call on them.*See their Advertisement on fly leaf. IMPROVILEMNT - SALT MAKING BY 1THE " CItAPIN' SYSTEMl. " —_The "Chapin system of Salt making" has now reached a point where it can constantly demand the earnest attention and investigation of "salt men" and business men generally. There are four "Blockb" in successful operation on this plan already, and anotlh er one in the course of completion, -- one in SAGINAw City, by the Saginaw City Salt Manufacturing Company, in which Messrs Barnard & Binder are the principal stock owners, one in the city of ST. CLUIR,-two in ZrTLWAVUKIE and one in progress of erection in Bay City. The Blocks at Zilwaukie operated by the Western Salt Company in which the Messrs. DRInoG are interested, have an evaporating surface of about 2,700 square feet each. They are somewhat larger than that of Messrs. Barnard and Binder, and are producing a correspondingly larger amount of Salt, with a consumption of fuel of about one cord of wood in the nmanufacture of ten barrels of salt. The Block of Messrs Barnard & Binder is situated directly on the Saginaw river and three-fourths of a mile above Saginaw City. The dimensions of the building itself is 40 feet in width by 140 in length, having several compartments 10 feet wide extending 116 feet in length of the building on either side for the reception of the salt previous to packing. In the central portion of the building occupying the entire length and breadth between the "bilJs," is a large vat, shaped like the letter '; in the front end of whieh is a huge "fire box," five and a half feet in di'ameter, and 11 feet in length, from which extends a flue in half-circular forml four feet in diameter communicating with the smokestack at the rear end of the building. On this vat rests a large graining pan extending over the entire top, on each side of which is a draining board three feet in width. In the process of manufacture, this vat is filled from the tanks or reservoirs in the rear of the block by means of pump logs, 40 IfISTOIrY OF K\SI'T S tGIN'A W. which empty the brine into a "boiling box" communicating with thb vat, and resting directly over the furnace. In passing through this boiling box and along the flue to the rear, from whence the pan is fed, the brine is heated to the point of saturation and all the impurities are precipitated to the bottom of the vat, and from thence are drawn off about once in a season, through an orifice under the fire box. The "bitter water" whenever it collects, is drawn off through a similar orifice at a level with the graining pan. It is estimated that this block is yielding an average of about sixty barrels of salt per diem, with a consnumption of from five to six cords of wood or seven cords of pine slabs. One ran only is employed on a "tower," decreasing the expense for labor from the ordinary, full one-half. We can say from actual observation that the appearance of the salt manufactured at this block indicates a much purer and finer quality than that made by the old method, indeed a salt that "cannot be beat." It is claimed, and we believe correctly, that many of the impurities which, in the ordinary process of kettle boiling, are crystalized with the.alt, and precipitated before they reach the pan, where in this operation the crystalization takes place, thus leaving the salt perfectly pure. The evidences are that a salt purer in quality and clearer, can be made by this than by the old process. and made at a reduction in cost of at least one-third. In this view of the case, its general introduction is greatly to be hoped for, as a matter of public as well as private interest and benefit. See page 88. BOYD & BOOTH, successors to Geo. C., Sanborn; have had a large experience in the Grocery and Provision business. They have a full supply of everything in their line. Purchasers will find them gentlemen, fair and upright Dealers. We wish them the success their merits deserve. See card, page 76. We would call especial attention to the advertisement of G. FRED. LEWIS, dealer in Stationery, at No. 10:3, South Washington street, opposite the Bancroft Iouse. Iis store is neatly HISTORY OF EAST SAGIN'AW. 41 kept and well supplied with every variety of Stationery, at very low prices. His assistant Mr. A FERGUsON, carries on in connection with this store a general Rail Road Ticket Agency and Telegraph office, and can furnish tickets over all the popular Roads east and west. Mr. Ferguson is a man of character, having been established in this city a number of years, and has secured many friends by his manly and gentlemanly course of conduct. We recommend him unqualifiedly to the patronage of the public. See advertisement, pages following Indian and Pioneer History. Attention is called to the advertisement of J. C. WHALEN & SoN, wholesale and retail dealers in Groceries & Provisions, at No. 222, South Washington street. They have a large and convenient store and their stock is fresh and well assorted. Purchasers will find it to their advantage to give them a call. See their advertising, page 86. S. & J MAIUTNER, whose advertisement will be found in this book, are well located being in the Bliss Block, No, 204 Genesee, and have a well selected stock of goods. Those in want of Ready Made Clothing can here find a choice to select from. H. R. PROCTOR, dealer in Watches, Jewelry, Silver ware &c., is located at No 123 Genesee corner of Washington, under the sign of the CITY CLOCK, one of the most prominent situations in the City. His store is well stocked and tastefully arranged, presenting a gorgeous display of the richest and most dazzling articles of jewelry and silver ware. He is a public spirited man and as such should receive a liberal patronage. He erected the transparent dial clock over his store at his own individual cost, and keeps the same in running order both night and day for the accommodation of the public. He is gentlemanly and corteous in all his transactions, and being a first class workman in his trade, perfect satisfaction can be relied upon. His advertisement will be found in our book on page 100. The advertisement of Messrs. GILLETT & GAMBLE, Attorneys and Counselors at Law and Insurance Agents, will be found on 42 HISTORY OF EAST SAGINAW. Page 82. They are gentleman of ability in their practice, and business entrusted to them will be faithfully attended to. See card, page 82. MESSRS. BARNUM & WHITE, late of Buffalo, New York, have opened a Wholesale and Retail Grocery and Provision store on Water street, in the store recently occupied by L. S. Lenheim as a boot and shoe store. They have a fresh supply of everything in their line, purchased since the decline in prices, which they are enabled to offer to consumers and dealers at a very low figure. They are young men, pleasant and agreeable in their manners, and always pleased to show their goods; call and see them. MESSRS. WIGGINS & CLARS, carry on the Merchant Tailoring business exclusively. They do not deal in "ready made clothing" except their own manufacture. They purchased their stock of cloths, cassimeres, vestings, &c. &c, since the recent decline in prices, for which they paid cash; consequently are enabled to furnish goods at a very low figure. Mr. Clark has had sixteen years experience in his business in Cleveland, 0., and vicinity, and will personally attend to the cutting and fitting department. They are both pleasant and obliging men and will give entire satisfaction to those patronizing them. See their card. PIONEER FOUNDRY.-The Iron works in this city lately belonging to Messrs. Warner & Eastmen; since purchased by Messrs. J. H. Hill & George Morris, were established in 1854 by Messrs. Warner, Eastman & Chandlers, who managed the same for several years. Afterwards the Messrs. Chandlers sold their interest to Mr. Shaw, and the firm was changed to Warner, Eastman & Shaw. Mr. Shaw after a time withdrew his interest from the concern, leaving the business in the hands of Messrs. Warner & Eastman, who continued the same until April, 1866, when they sold to Messrs. Hill & Morris, the present proprietors. The first steam engine manufactured in Saginaw Valley, which is the one now used in driving the machinery connected with the foundry and planing mill attached, was built at this foundry, HISTOREY OF EAST SAGINAW. 43 by Mr. Morris, who was the superintendent of the works, and is as reliable and serviceable a piece of machinery as was ever turned out from any works. Mr. Morris is an "old hand at the bellows, " having had from fifteen to twenty years experience in the Foundry business. With this ample experience and superior facilities in the way of machinery, they are prepared to fill orders for the manufacture of machinery, mill gearing, &c. &c., in the shortest possible time. They employ a large number of men in their works, and also have connected with the Foundry, a Planing mill where they manufacture siding and flooring. The Messrs. Hill & Morris are both prudent business men full of the "go-ahead" spirit, so requisite in this business. Their success is a foregone conclusion. 44 E' kST SAGINIAW DIRECTORY. MAMMOTH WARDROBE 7 f ~ --— w — -t W. N. GRAY, Manufacturer of, and W1144afle4 aat Rg'ttatis 3DEA-3_L-E I:XT ALSO, TIHE: GRIEAT 6ents' urnisliuzg laUl4 riul.l No. 119, Genesee Street, opposite Bancroft House, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. RAST SAGINAW DIlRECTORY. 45 COQIIERCIAL IRON WORKS. WIICES BROTHERS, MANITFACTUTRERS OF Gang and Circular Saw MIills, COMPLETEMILL GEARING, SALT WELL, and BOAT WORK, Of Every Description. All kinds of Iron and Brass Castings, with a General Jobbing and Repairing Department. No. 524, North Water Street, East Saifaiwt, Mlichigft41. II. D. WICKES, E. N. WICKES. 46 46 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 0 H 0. 4 Q C) C) C) 0% 0 0 m~ WILKIN & MA CKj, realers in HATSI OAFS AND: FURS, No. 108, Genesee Street. wU w C) 07'IIHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. ABBREVIATIONS.- For ab., read above; bds,, boards; bet., between; carp., carpenter; cor., corner; col'd colored; E., East; h., house; lab., laborer; manuf., manufacturer; manufy., manufactor,; N., north; propr., proprietor; res., residence; S., south. The word Street is implied. A Abbey E W, business agt (E Sag Enterprise) bds 424 Johnson Abbott Thomas, carpenter, h 1523 Genesee Abbs Robert, cooper, 501 N Water h Carrollton. Abbs Thomas, cooper, h 310 N Rockwell. Abel Azel, foreman planing mill, h 419 S Warren. Abraham John, laborer, h 319 N Fifth. Actheridge G, clothing, h 107 S Fourth. Adgeman Martin, bds 307 James. Agertz Christ, carpenter, h 125 N Clay. AhlersHenry, printer, bds 303 S Washington. Ahrns John, laborer, h 421 N Third. Aikin Edwin, (Aikin & Stinson) h 401 S Jefferson. AIKIN & STINSON (E Aikin & I 8tinson,)Crockery dealers 209 Genesee. ALLARDT M H, Insurance agt & Tobacconist, 112 Genesee, h 110 S Fourth. Allbee H J, h 502 N Washington. Allen Robert, laborer, bds N Water, near McLane's mills. Allen Samuel, carpenter, h o19 N Warren. Allen Wm, carpenter, h 1409 Genesee. 'Allington David K, machinist, h 314 S Jefferson. Alsner William, laborer, h 811 Millard. Altman Kidan, laborer, h near E Sag salt works. American Express Co, L W Tisdale agt, 116 S Washington. American Hotel, (Chas B Stever propr) 113 N Cass. Ames L, laborer, bds Lapeer. * Amos Henry, (col'd,) waiter Bancroft House. Anderson Charles, watchman, F & P M R E, h 708 N Jefferson. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Bock, 2d floor. 48 8EtST SAGINAW DIR)REC''ORY. Anderson James, laborer, h 602 N Water. Angest August, laborer, bds 1.117 S Water. Angest Mrs Janette, washer woman, h 41 2 Tuscola. Anglie Patrick, peddler, bds 724 N Washington. Anschutz C, laborer, h east end Tuscola. Arndt August, Blacksmith, bds 305 N Cass. Arnold George, ship carpenter; Ii 309 N Cass, Arnold Mrs Mary A, h 116 N Webster. Arnold Thomas, machinist, h 709 S Washington. Ashley Frederick, clerk bds Bancroft House. Ashman, Miss C school teacher, res Salina. Ausman Henry, h 502 N Fifth. Austin David M, drayman, h 404 lPotter. Avery 8, lumberman, h 523 Carroll. Axford Charles J, engineer, h 121 N Franklin. B Bachant Charles G, painter, 203 N Jefferson h 419 Maple. Bailey M T, lumberman, h 321 S Washington, Bailey Thomas, moulder, h 1211 S Water. BAKER JAS J, wagon maker, 320 (;elesee, bds 319 S Warren. Baker John, blacksmith, h 224 N Fourth. Baker Joseph, h 205 S Rockwell. Baker Valentine, carriage maker, h (Genesee. Baker William, carriage maker, h 319 S Warren, Baker William carriage maker, h 323 S Vebster. Balcom John, carpenter, h 416 Emerson. Baldwin Albert, foreman, (C & E] Ten Eyck) h 410 N Fourth. Ballentine HI A, salt manuf, bds Bancroft House. Ball Frank N, clerk, bds 301 S Water. Ball TH J, grocer, 223 S Washington, h 30 l S Water. BANCROFT HOUSE, G W Wesley propr, 118 Genesee cor Washington. Banford Andrew, carpenter, h 517 N Jefferson. Banford A W, clerk, bds 517 N Jefferson. Banford Oliver, cooper, bds 517 N Jefferson. Baptist Church, (Henry L Morehouse pastor,) 114 S Jefferson. Baptist Church, 607, William. Barclay Spencer, (Barclay & Tyler) bds Everett Iouse. Barclay & Tyler, (S B & J T) meat market 304 Genesee. Bardstetter K, shoemaker, h Johnson. Barie William, dry goods 203 Genesee h 106 N Clay. Barkham Robert W, miller h 115 N Warren. lBarkler S, laborer, h 108 Tenth. Barney Chauncey, ship carpenter, bds 309 N Cass. BARNUM GE()RGE G. (B1 & White,) 122 N Water bds Bancroft House. JTIBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIBECTORY. 49j J. F. FREY & CO., DEALERS IN aurrr an,, a raten~g s02001I B001$, Blank Books of all Descriptions, Drawing Paper, Tracing Cloth, rTO $ A~NTID FP.A, OZ0-Y- GOO0 —DSv And a variety of other Goods too numerous to mention. Everett House Block-, ',No. 113, Genesee Street. J. F. FREY, H. W. WICKLELN. WVA TCIHMAKE IfBR & JE 'WE L E R r 0 on+ CD. CD 'Cie All Articles at the Lowest Cash Price. Everott House Block, No. 113, Genesee Street. No.'101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. Ft 50 EAST 8AOINAW DIRECTORY. Barrider, Augustus, clerk, bds 1117 g Water. Barry Miss Rate, with S Watson & Co, bds 411 S Washington. BARNUM & WHITE, (Geo G B & Chas H W,) 122 N Water. Bartow J H, machinist, bds 1121, $ Water. Bartow W J, Supt E S St R W, h 516 N Washington. Basinger Joseph, laborer, h Hoyt. Bates Henry, laborer, h 123 N Fifth. Baum Adam, meat market, 524 Genesee h 518 German. Baum Martin, boots & shoes 401 Genecee, h 111 N Warren. Baunigarten Amand. grocer, 9012 enesee, h same. Baxter W J, lumberman, 104 N Washington. Bays John; h 114 N Rockwell. Bead J R, machinist. bds Lapeor. Beam Patrick, boiler maker, h Mason. Beangeter John, bds 103 8 Warr.n. Beard George R, ornamental painter, h cor Warren & Genesee. Beatiner Mathias, teamster h 219 8 Sixth. Beauchaw'John, laborer bds Jefferson. Bechrow George, laborer, h 210 N Webster. Beekbissinger John, baker, 124 N Jefferson, h same. Bedet Louis, carpenter & joiner, bds Monitor Iouse. Begle Charles W, carpenter & joiner, h 9z0 S Webster. Begrow John, carpenter, h 12 N Clay. Bell A P, teamster, h 410 N Warren. Bell John, laborer, h 407 Fitzhugh. Bell Miss C, school teacher, bds Washington. Bell Robert, (freight agent F & P M R B) h 601 S Jefferson. Bellevue gotel, Riegel & Bloedon propr, 602 German. Belknap John, printer, bds Steckert's hotel. BennettD 0, physician, 101 Gwnesee, h 302 Hayden. Bennett George,.carpenter, h 708 Emerson. Benedict Hiram W, agt H 0 L & COo bds 423 N Washington. Benstien Herman, laborer, bds 318 Genesee. Bertran G, (pastor G. E. M. church) 115 N Warren h same. Besch Joseph, mason, h 315 N Third. Best Charles, Boarding House, 502 N Water. Betzner Egnetz, saloon, 120 N Franklin, h same. Bezner Benj, boarding house, 1025 8 Water. Beesley Robt, (eol'd) waiter Banoroft FIotlSe. Bickel George, meat market, 123 Lapeer, h same. Bidlien John, laborir, h 801 Wadsworth. Bigardus Hamilton, h 1012 Emereon. Billings John W, clerk, bds N Waren. Binder Chas H, carpenter h 1024 James. Binder Wm, stave dealer, 510 S Water, res Sag City. Bingham Alonzo L, school teacher, h 7083 Jefferson. Bingham Martin, clerk bds 703 8 Jefferson. DI7HALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 5 HARDWARSTORE The Oldest Mercantile,,,House in East Saginaw. OPPOSITE STEAMBO T LANDING, M~TO- 1-24,7 N02T,WE-1 W-A'J2EI?- SrTRE'T,, -HIAS ALWA&YS — A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF Hardwvare, Iron, Nails, * CA1oim cibc~. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, STO -VES, Copper, Tin and ~Sheet Iron Ware, Cuitlery, Shelf Hardware, Joiner's and Carpenter's Tools, House Trimrnings, Axes, Chains, Cross Cut Saws, Machine and Carriage Bolts, Gas Pipe, Steam Fittings, Camping Utensils, &c. HEMP and RUBBER PACKING, ROPE, MARLINE, &c. MANUTFA CTURING ---opper-, Tin and Sheet Iron Manufactured to order. 0:F Ag-ent for Prosser & Son's Salt Well Tubing. 101 and 103, 5. Washington. Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. 52 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Birch John G, engineer, h 620 S Warren. Birch Joseph, carpenter, h 218 N Warren. BIRDSALL ALBERT, blacksmith, 320 Genesee, h 305 N Cass. Birmingame Cline, painter h Warren. Birnell Augustus, hostler, bds Everett House. Bissell Albert G, druggist 109 Genesee, h Park Auenue. Bisner John, h 218 N Warren. Blackmer Merritt, lumberman, h 407 S Warren. Blair John, foreman (Carlisle & Co.'s tannery,) h Deerfield road. Blankherd Herman, clerk, bds 505 N Jefferson. Blankherd William, clerk bds 505 N Jefferson. Blanketz Wm, clerk, bds Jefferson. Bleir Solomon, clothing 123 S Washington, h same. BLISS CALVIN I), (C D Bliss & Co,) 106 N Washington, h 316 N Jefferson. BLISS C D & Co, auctioneers, 106 N Washington. Bliss, Janes, & Co dry goods & groceries 102 and 104 S Water. Bliss Mrs H A, (B & Pettibone) 107 N Washington. Bliss & Pettibone, ( H A B & M A P,) 107 N Washington. Bliss S B, (B, Janes & Co,) h 316 N Water. Bliss Wallace W, clerk, h 304 N Jefferson. Bloomer Alfred B, engineer, h 708 N Warren. Block John, laborer, h 609 Maple, Blcedon Edward (Riegle & B.) 602 German. Bium John, laborer, h 219 S Fourth. Blyben William, h 516 S Jefferson. Boardman George, (Cross & B,) h 1005 S Washington Bochar John, Mason, h 604 N Fourth. Bode August, Yankee notions, 106 Lapeer, h same. Boehm George, cooper, bds 117 S Webster. Bogardus Hamilton, laborer, h Emerson. Bola David, cooper, bds 224 Cornelia. Borgert D, laborer, h 1519 Johnson. Borgert Frederick, carpenter, h 120 N Fifth. Borgert Henry (B & Rimers) h 202 Wadsworth. Borgert & Rimers, tailors, 113 Genesee. Bortmann Adolph, carpenter, h 102 N Third. Bostian Christ, laborer, h 224 James. Booth James H, (Boyd & Booth) bds Everett House. Bottcher Charles, sailor, h 825 Tuscola. Bothwell James, baker, h E end Tuscola. Bounter Charles, spile driver, h 614 N Washington. Bowyer William C, tailor, h 323 First. Boyden Mrs E L, milliner, 127 N Washington. Boyden W A, h 127 N Washington. Boyd & Booth, (R B, & Jas H 13,) grocers, 101 Genesee. Boyd Robert, (B & Booth,) 101 Genesee. [C:BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SA.GINAW DIRECTOTY. 53 -- -- ~~aa/ DEA- IBE:E INq HIRGe ST CASH] PRICE PAC1 FARMERS PRODUCE. Ao. 224, South Washington Street, Grant Block, 31AST 8AGtIXAAW No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 54 HISTORY OF EAST SAGIlAW, Braden Casper, carpenter, h 301 S Washington. Bradley John F, photographer, bds 523 Fitzhugh. Bradshaw William C, laborer, h 302 N Third. Brady James, cooper, bds Monitor House. Brady James B, billiard room, 405 Genesee. Braman Michael, laborer, h 224 Elm. Branstetter C. shoemaker, h 1024 Johnson. Bray Andrew, lumberman, h 411 S Washington. Brennan Michael laborer, h 218 Elm. Brewer A P, surveyor, h 319 S Washington. Bridgeman George & Co, gas litters, 113 S Water. Bridgeman George ((U B & Co,) h 224 N Jefferson Brimner John, Prop'r Sherman House 131 S Water. Britton H W, carpenter and joiner, h 225 Maple. Brookmire John, lab h N Washingtoll, near E Sag Salt Works. Brooks Horatio, coffee and spice mills, 123 N Water. Brooks Tracy C. h 1410 Genesee. Broski G, clerk, h 104 8 Jefferson. Broughton Charles, mason, h 602 Thompson. Broughton John, baker and confectioner, 129 S Washington, h same. Brown A B, clerk, bds 401 S Jefferson. Brown Archy, lumberman, bds Everett House. Brown Benjamin, bds 408 Millard. BROWN B J, (B Hall & James,) 103 S Washington, bds cor Wells and Park Avenue. Brown George 0, bartender, bds 112 N Franklin. BROWN, HALL & JAMES, (B J B, J H. & T M J,) insurance agents and lawyers, 103 S Washington. Brown Henry H, tailor, h 602 S Jefferson. Brown James F, Cashier Merchant's National Bank, h 324 N Washington. Brown Joasph L, carp, bds Maple. Brown Michael, (col'd) carpenter and joiner, 221 S Franklin, h 216 N Fifth. Brown Mrs. Nancy, teacher select school, 117 N Jefferson, bds 214 N Cass. Brown Patrick, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Brown R D, jeweler, bds 408 Millard. Browne William, insurance agent, 102 Genesee, h 823 Emerson. Brucker Charles H, hotel and saloon, 405 Genesee, h same. Brunn Andrew, laborer, h 216 S ThirdBruske Edward, tailor h 202 N Third. Bruske Edward, tinsmith; bds 824 Genesee. Bruske Gotlieb, 824 Genesee, h same. Bruske Gustavus, clerk, bds 824 Genesee. Buchanan Irwin, builder, h 315 N Third. fllInsurance Company of North America, Philadelphia, EVAT'STAGINAW DIRECTORY, MMfz Hff. aLLAxBARD'Tr Wholesle and Retail Dealer ni Tobacco, Snuf Cigars, Pipes, And every Article usually kept in the trade. No. 112, Irving Block, Genesee Street. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. Notary Public, Oonveyancer, and Fire, Marine, and Life Insurance Agent. Office, No. 112, Irving Block, Genesee Street. Agent for Irving Fire Insurance Company; North American, of Hartford, Fire Insurance Company; Yonkers and New York Fire Insurance Company, and Germiania Life Insurance Co. E;-S'Collections in any part of Europe, promptly. attended to. Also, remittances to Europe, at the lowest prices. W.I. HOWARD & BRO., GR9GERS, No. 125, Kwhler Block, North Washington St., Will Mhange to Genesee Street, let of September. *W. I. HOWARD, P. L. HOWARD.- S E~AST SASG;INAW.1;~ Hall &J ames, Ag'ts, 101 and 102, S. Wash. st., Bliss Block. 56 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Buchner Isaac, stave dealer, h 325 Wadsworth. BUCKHOUT B B, hardware, 124 N Water, h 226 N Wash'n. Buffalo salt Co, F Wildman sup't, 1131 S Water. Buikel John, Bakery, 119 S Franklin, h same. Bullard Albert F. (Shaw B & Co,) bds Bancroft House. Bullock Charles L, bds 701 N Jefferson. Bullock Ephraim K, prop'r Bullock's Hotel, 701 N Jefferson. Bullock James, h 419 Astor. Bundy J F, lumberman, h 224 S Jefferson. Burr Washington, teamster, h 207 Wells. Burrill Harvey D, salt manuf, h 423 N Jefferson. Burdick Jessie A, engineer Valley City fire engine, 205, N Water, h same, Burger Ernst, machinist, bds 509 Lapeelr Burger Joseph, boots and shoes, h 106 S Webster. Buruham J T, (Stevens, P & Co,) residenco Saginaw City. Burns Edward, shoemaker, 914 Genesee. Burtch E, Blacksmith, 624 N Water, h 605 Carroll. Burtch Ransom, blacksmith, bds Franklin. Burtch William, carpenter, bds 605 Carroll. Burtless M, Farmer, h 113 N Fifth. Burton Charles H, book-keeper, bds 409 S Jefferson. Burton Harvey, brewer, (J Erd & Co,) h 1001 S Water. Burt Brothers, (0 P & Edwin B,) real estate dealers, 107 N Washington. Burt Edwin, (Burt Brothers,) h 619 S Jefferson. Burtt John E, (B & Loomis,) 319 Genesee, h 1521 Genesee. Burt Joseph lumberman, h 235 N Washington. BURTT & I.OOMIS, (J E B & R H L,) painters, 319 Genesee. Burt Miss E, school teacher, bds 511 S Jefferson. Burt O P, (Burt Bros,) residence Buffalo. Burt Wellingtoil I, lumberman, h 511 S Jefferson. Burwick Frederick, laborer, bds 202 N Franklin. Buss Eugene, Clerk, bds Steckert's hotel. Bussey Jerome, porter Everett House. Bussinger, Joseph, laborer, h 306 Wells. Button & Sturtevant, lawyer., 325 Genesee. Button William H, (B & Sturtevant,) 325 Genesee bds 606 S Webster. Butler Daniel, laborer, bds 110 N Jefferson. Byrne Edward, shoe maker, h Genesee. Byrer B, laborer, h 1723 Johnson. a Caldwell Thomas, carp, h 1020 Emerson. Caley A C, paying teller Merchant's Nat'l Bank, bds Bancroft. jCtBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW IIRECTOR~Y. 57 Caley F H, book keeper Merchants' Nat'l Bank, bds Bancroft. Calpaine Christ, lab, h 519 First. Cambell Alexander, carp, h 115 N Clay. CAMERON JAMES G, carriage maker, 206 and 208 N Franklin, h 415 N Franklin. Cameron J C, lumber dealer, bds Bancroft. Canpau Joseph, farmer, h 1119 S Washington. Campbell Thomas C, carp, h Genesee. Camp Charles H, lawyer, 105 N Washington, 2d floor, h 1017 S Washington. Cannon James, porter, Bancroft. Carband, painter, bds Jeffersol. Carey George, lab, bds 624 Hoyt. Carey Harrison, (Sears & Co,) residence Saginaw City. Carlisle F W, (C & Co,) leather dealer, 128 N Water, h 521 Miller. Carman Henry, blacksmuith, h 218 S Third. Carmichael Henry, lab, bds 914, Genesee. Carr John, horse Aarrier, h 309 First. Carroll Thomas, saloon, 117 Lapeer, h same. Carson Thomas, carp, bds 316 N Franklin. Carter A B, clerk, bds Washington. Carter George, builder, h 325 8 Water. Casey & Chute, (F G C & B C,) propr's St Nicholas Restaurant, 101 S Washington, cor Genesee. Casey F G, (Casey & Chute,) bds St. Nicholas Restaurant 202 Genesee. Casey Patrick, lab, h 623 N Franklin. Cashin P, clerk, bds cor Lapcer and Clay. Cassidy George, saloon, 209 S Washington. Catholic Church 601 Hoyt. CATLIN E S, (C & Sanborn,) 12' N Water, h 601 Caroll. CATLIN & SANBORN, lumber dealers, 122 N Water. Caughell D, lumber inspector, h 908 Johnson. Chadima Frank, lab, h 202 N Fourth. Chambers W C, bds Everett House. Champagne A E, saloon, 119 S Water. h 111 Hayden. Champagne John, waterman h 413 S Water. Champlin 0 H P, music store, 317 Genesee, h 408 N Washington. Chandler John, machinist, bds 324 Astor. Chapin G P, clerk, h 608 N Washington. Chapin Nathan, h 713 S Warren. Cheesbro B F, musician, h 301 S Webster. Cheesbro Frederick, carp, bds 301 S Webster. Cheesbro Frederick, carp, bds 812 Tuscola. Cheesbro F, teamster, bds Genesee. Cheesbro John, planer h 812 Tuscola. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. Gt 58 5EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Cheesbro John, lab, h Genesee. Cheney Henry H, gunsmith, 108 N Jefferson, h same. Chisholm Archibald, ship carpenter, h 309 N Cass. Choate C B, (Shaw, Reynolds & Co,) h 417 Carroll. Cholet A, Clerk, h 630 Hoyt. Cholet Augustus, bar tender, h 636 Hoyt. Cholet George, [C & Hurteau] 125 S Water, res Syracuse. Cholet & Hurteau, (George C & Zoel H,) bowling saloon, 125 S Water. Christopherson Godfrey, butcher, bds Carroll. Chute B, [Casey & Chute,] bds 202 Genesee. Cieliton James, lab, h 216 N Fourth. City Lime Works, Holland & Fish prop'rs, 512 N Water. Clark A, carp, h 124 Martha. Clark A E & J, blacksmliths, 115 German. Clark Alexander, [A E & J C,] h German. Clark C A, conductor street car, h 311 S Cherry. Clark C H, carpenter, h 816 Brady. Clark David, drayman, h 108 S Clay. Clark E H, Carp, h Maple. Clark Elmer, clerk, bds Seventh. East end. Clark Henry D, [Wiggins & Co,] h 609 Jefferson. Clark Jacob T, lab, bds 618 N Washington. Clark James carp, h 325 N Franklin. Clark John, (A E & J C,) h 812 S Jefferson. CLARK & LOVELAND, lawyers, 105 N Washington. Clark N S, teller first National Bank, 114 S Washington, bds Bancroft House. Clark L A, Cashier First National Bank, 114 S Washington, h 612 N Warren. CLARK W A, (C & Loveland,) residence Saginaw City. Clark W S. bank clerk, bds Bancroft. Clay & Lester, (S G C & H S L,) 112 Genesee. Clay S G, [C & Lester,J barber, h 615 8 Water. Claydon Walter, lab, bds 9038 Jefferson. Cleary Courtlandt C, carriage maker, h 1539 Genesee. Clifton W. lab, h 417 S Water. Cliperton William, h 408 Park. Clough Lester, lab, bds near R R shop. Clure Michael, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Coates W H, [C H Smith & Co,] bds Bancroft. Cook Edward, lab, h 214 William. Cooper George, mason, h 216 N Sixth. Cooper Mrs. Mary, h 324 S Washington. Cochrane John, bds 113 N Cass. Cochrane W J, carpenter & joiner, h 818 Emerson. Code James, lab, h 321 First. oCJJHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, __ If you are in want of anything for Housekeeping go to i Cd M HOUSE FURNISHING EMPORIUM. 'I No. 114, Empire Block, South Water St., East Saginaw. s -----— ^^ --- — W|here may be found a large and well selected Stock of Carpets, Oil Cloths, Window Shades, Mats, Stair Rods, China, Crockery and Glass Ware, Table and Pocket Cutlery, Plated Ware of all kinds, Mirrors, Lanterns, Lamps, Vases, Shades, Chamber and Toilet Sets, Feather Dusters, Brushes, Brooms, Filters, Coolers, Patent Clothes Racks, Towel Racks, Hat Racks, and a great variety OF OTHER HOUSE FURNISIING GOODS, |! All of which will be sold CHEAPfor CASH, at WHOLESALE or RETAIL. ELIIIOTT &8 HAIRRISON. Iz o 60 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTOI{Y. Cogswell Don A, lumber inspector, h 715 Genesee. Coig Archibald, carpenter, h 211 N Cass. Collins H T, [L C Storrs & Co.] h Park Avenue. Collins Thomas, lab, bis 724 N Washington. Colbrath Charles C, urinter, bds S Washington, Cole C, saloon, h 307 S Water. Colfax Jonathan,bridge toll collector, h 206 Maple. Colfax William, lropr skating park, h 419 Park. COMMERCIAL IRON WORKS, 524 N Water, Wickes Bros proprietors. Common Council Room, 104 Genesee. Conconon Rodger, lab, bds 221 S Franklin. Conday Joseph, teamster, h 325 N Franklin. Congregational Church, John G W Cowles Pastor, 202 S Washington. Conrad George, bar tender, bds 117 S Water. Contec William, (col'd) waiter, Bancroft. Coppelt John, saloon, 121 S Water, h Hayden. Corbin James, Capt. tug boat Star h 701 S Webster. Cornwell James, machinist, bds S Washington. Corser B W, millwright, 11 217 Maple. Courtier J F, lab, bds 207 S Water. Cowherd William, machinist, bds S Washington. Cowles Rev John G W, Pastor Congregational Church, h 313 S W ashin gton. Coyla John, sailor, bds 625 N Franklin. Crabbe George, (C H Smith & Co,) h 211 Hayden. Craig Martin, teamster, bds 708 N Warren. Cramlich Mathias, lab, bds S Washington, in the grove. Crane Joseph, porter, h Carroll. Cresswell Abner, machinist, h 519 N Washington. Cristy John, lab, h 704 James. Crocker George, stage driver, bds Saginaw Valley House. Crocker Mrs Lucy, h 813 S Water. Croll John, lab, h 607 Tuscola. Crossen Hugh, mason, h 221 N Cass. Cross & Boardman, (G F C & G B B,) grocers, 115 N Water. Cross George F, (C & Boardman,) h 310 S Washington. Cross John, lab, h 108 Eighth. Cross Lester E, clerk, bds 318 N Cass. Cross Lorenzo, lab, h 312 N Franklin. CROUSE GEO H, (Smith & C,) Everett House Cruttenden Will H, watch maker, bds Everett House. Cullinan Thomas, lab, h 1113 Fitzhugh.. Cummings Luther E, lumberman, h 707 N Jefferson. Curtis Clark, hardware, h 225 Carroll. Curtis C M, (C M & F A Curtis,) h 501 N Washington. IllBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 1 CHAS. H. SMITH & CO., MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN BOOTS AND SHOES, AND BOOT PACS, No. 116, Empire Block, South Water Street. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. MANUFACTORY AT BINGHAMTON, N. Y. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 62 FAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Curtis C M & F A, stove dealers, 115 S Water. Curtis F A, (C M & F A C,) h 232 N Washington. Curtis Jacob. cooper, h 621 Johnson. Curtis Jay S, physician, h 132 N Washington. Cuthberth James, lab, h 607 Maple. D Dagener William, wood chopper, h 1003 Lapeer. Daniels John S, engineer, h 821 Johnson. Daniels Spencer M, laborer, bds 821 Johnson. Danker C, laborer, h 206 N Webster. Darmstaetter Lewis, Brewer, S Washington in the grove. David Moses, Boarding House, 207 S Water. Davidson John C, painter, h 605 S Webster. Davidson Robert, laborer, bds 1612 Genesee. Davison George, chair maker, h 410 Maple. Davison Oliver, turner, 125 S Cass, h 412 Maple. Davis Charles F, printer, bds 602 N Franklin. Davis Cornelius, painter, h 706 Park. Davis Orin R, steam boat engineer, bds 801 Lapeer. Davis William M, h 602 N Franklin. Dawson James C, cabinet maker, bds 924 Emerson. Dawson John, cabinet maker, h 924 Emerson. Dawston Peter, (col'd) waiter, Bancroft. Decker- drayman, h 1413 Genesee. DeForest W H, clerk, bds 525 N Franklin. Deguire Frederick, laborer, h 713 Maple. Deickmann Charles, clerk, bds 123 N Washington. Deiter 8 J, machinist, h 520 N Water. Deitrich John, apprentice, bds N Washington. DELAND C V. h 405 S Washington. DELAND JAMES IS, Grocer, 224 S Washington, bds 405 8 Washington. DeLand Mrs Rachael, school teacher, res Salina. Delavergene Louis, carpenter, h 302 Park. Dembois F W, saloon, h 801 Genesee. Densmore William, h 212 Astor. Deering James (Deering & Sons) h 210'S Webster. Deering James, jr, (Deering & Sons) bds 210 S Webster. Deering James, engineer, h 304 N Fifth. Deering James, (Gallaher, Mead, and Deering,) h Johnson. Deering Jonathan, (Deering & Sons) bds 210 S Webster. Deering & Sons, Dry Goods, 402 Genesee. Deering William, (Deering & Sons,) bds 210 S Webster. Derby Benj, merchant, h 502 Carroll. Derby John h 319 N Jefferson. Cj'Security Ins. Co., of New York, Bliss Block, 2d floor, EAST 5AUNhTAW DIRECMEY. I 63 Derby John P, h 510 Fitzhugh. Derby Louis, (cord) laborer, h 404 N Warren. Derosier Louis, laborer, h 829 S Water. Derry Thomas, engineer, h 425 Fitzhugh. Devil Frederick, cooper, h N Jefferson. Devine Thomas, salt boiler, h N Washington, near East Saginaw salt works. Dewaisark George, laborer, h 102 Ninth. Deyhly David, farmer, h 504 Lapeer. Dickinson Samuel J, clerk, h 625 S Jefferson. Dieckmann Frederick, gardner, h 425 First. Dieckson William S, carpenter & joiner, h near east end Tuisola. Dietz William G, builder, h 319 S Jefferson. Dillinghamn John B, (Wisner & D,) h 611 Thompson. Dingman George, horse farrier, h 613 N Jefferson. Ditties Frederick, laborer, h 521 First. Ditties Phillip, clerk, bds 521 First. Dixon Albert, jeweler, h 807 Lapeer. Dobson Mrs Ann, h 1416 Genesee. Dollar George, mason, h 820 Hoyt. Doll Temple E, bds 416 N Jefferson. Dolan John, saloon, N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Donlan John, sailor, bds 1231 S Water. Donner Charles, fireman, h 216 German. Doty H N, groceries & provisions, 101 Lapeer, h 828 Hoyt. Doughty Charles, (T E Doughty & Co.,) h 216 Maple. Doughty T E & Co, jewelry and books 110 Genesee. Doughty T E (T E Doughty & Co) h 307 N Jefferson. Downs Seth, wheelwright, 808 S Washington, h 812 S Washington. Doyle Phillip, laborer, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Draper Calvin D, capenter, h 1523 Genesee. Dreher Peter, h 1218 Fitzhugh. Driggs H C, Salt and Land Office; 102 N Washington, bds Bancroft. Driggs Wm L, I. S Land office, 102 N Washington, bds Bancroft House. Duncan David, carpenter, h 1559 Genesee. Duncan H R, clothing, 108 N Water, h 610 S Washington. DUNK ALFRED A, Druggist, 201 Genesee. bds Bancroft. Dunlap Alexander, saloon, 1117 S Water, h same. Dunn James, engineer; h 210 N Fifth. Dunn Jeremiah, tailor, bds 219 S Water. Dunn John, engineer, bds 210 N Fifth. Dunn Patrick, laborer, bds 210 N Fifth. Duquette Edward, laborer, h 602 N Water. Durand William, sash and blind maker, bds 701 Carroll. Hall & James, Agents, 101 and 103, S. Washington Street. 64 EAST SAGINAW I;IFECTORY. A. A. D UNK, Prescription Druggist AND DEALER IN B Br1gs rat %&Siditetn Perfumery, Brushes, And Druggists Fancy Articles generally. -— 4 0 --- Physicians Prescriptions' and Family Recipes prepared at all hours, day and night. SIGN OF THE GOLDEN MORTAR, No. 102, North Washington, cor. Genesee, EAST SAGINAW. [CTBROWVN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTOIRY. 65 Durkee E, laborer, bds 119 Cornelia. Durkee George W, farmer, h S Washington, S of Bayou. Durkee Seymour, rule maker, h 921 Emerson. Dutton Chauncy S, stave dealer, 325 Genesee, h 311 N Cass. Dwan John, laborer, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Dwille G, laborer, bds 624 Hoyt. E Eakins Miss J, milliner and dress maker, h 115 N Fifth. Earls Archibald, lumberman, h 932 S Washington. Eastman & Brooks, agts Excelsior coffee and spice mills, 123 S Watp. Eastman Henry N, (E & Brooks,) h 307 S Washington. Eastman L H, machinist, (Warner & E,) h 210 Hoyt. Easton, Capt steam tug, h 1569 Genesee. Easton Roderick, musician, h 1304 Genesee. East Saginaw City Lime Works, 510 N Water. EAST SAGINA VW COURIER OFFICE, G. F. Lewis proprietor, 224 S Washington. EAST SAGINAW DAILY AND WEEKLY ENTERPRISE Co, Perry Joslin editor and prop'r, 201 N Water. East Saginaw Gas Light Co, J L Ketchum Vice President and Treasurer, 113 S Water. East Saginaw Gas Works, 423 S Water. East Saginaw Street Railway, W J Bartow Supt, office 716 N Washington. Eaton Benjamin, boiler maker, h 1221 Mason. Eckert Christ, cabinet maker, 916 Genesee. Eckert Ernst, cabinet maker, 916 Genesee. Eddy Charles K, lumberman, h 417 S Washington. Eddy Edward, lumberman, h 416 N Jefferson. Eddy Romulus A, tinsmith, h 324 N Jefferson. Eden J, lab, h 609 N Jefferson. Edget Henry S, insurance agent, h 310 N Cass. Edinger William, painter, h 1011 Johnson. Edmondson J S, (Agent S & F Foster') h N Washington. Eggert Henry, lab, h 208 N Third. Eldridge Milford, sailor. h 411 Park. Elliott Alfred, lighterman, h 110 Elm. Elliott Alfred, waterman, h 912 S Washington. ELLIOTT & HARRISON, (L R E & H L H,) crockery, 114 S Water. Elliott Josiah, capt tug boat, h 414 N Water. ELLIOTT L R, (E & Harrison,) bds Everett House. Ellis David, carp, h 904 S Warren. Ellis Henry, carp, bds 904 S Warren. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. a+t 66 66 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. OFFICE CROUSE BLOCK, WM. S. DRIGGS, C. F. JOHNSON, BUILDING SUPERINTENDENT. These Works can run continually, and will make more salt, and of better qua'lity than can be produced by the Kettle Process. They save one half the fuel, (one cord of wood making ten barrels of salt,) a large part of the labor, the loss from breakage of kettles, &c., and are in all respects the most economical and best mode of manufacturing salt by artificial heat. For descriytion of Salt -Jfanu~factory, see Hlistory. JXHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 67 Ellsworth A L, agent F & P M R R, h 419 Carroll. Ellsworth Lewis C cterk bds 419 Carroll. Ellsworiti trton,bs -9 Carroll. Elsifer George, teamster, bds 324 N Franklin. Elifer John H, spile driver, h 324 N Franklin. Elsifer Miss A C, school teacher. hds 324 N Franklin. Elwardt Joseph, tailor, h 214 N Rockwell. Elwell Clark, carp and joiner, h 202 S Jefferson. Emerson Byron, painter, bds 705 S Warren. Emerson Curtis, h 1001 S Washington. Emerson Richard, painter, h 705 S Warren. Emo Michael, lab, h 621 N Franklin. Engel George H, (Swilling & Co,) h 125 Lapeer. England James, Cooper, h 302 N Rockwell. England Thomas, apprentice, bds 302 N Rockwell. English Alexander, lime burner, h 514 N Water. Episcopal Church, cor Lapeer and Warren. Erd John & Co, brewers, 917 S Water. Erd John, (Erd John & Co,) h 919 8 Water. Erwin William, lab, h 933 S Washington. Eschenbach Kasper, prop'r Farmers Hotel 605 Genesee. Estabrook J S, lumber dealer, h 318 N Washington. Estabrook & Mason, lumber dealers, 101 S Washington. Etheridge Josiah, clerk, h Fourth. Etzdorff August, carp and joiner, bds Genesee. EVERETT HOUSE, Smith & Crouse propr's, 219 Genesee. Everts John H, bar tender, bds 1117 S Water. Eview Christ, lab, h 113 N Clay. Evo John, Lab, bds 1119 S Washington. Excell Charles, carp, h Beecher. Excelsior CoffJe and Spice Mills, Eastman & Brooks agents, 123 S Water. Eymer Andrew, grocer, 109 Lapeer, h same. F ~ Fairchild Reuben, sawyer, h 613 James. Fall Stephen, laborer, h 905 Iapeer. Farmer George, miller, h 212 S Third. Farmer James, cooper, bds Monitor House. Farmer John, carriage maker, 113 S Franklin, bds 2113 Maple. Farmer Richard, lumberman, h 2113 Maple. Farnsworth A, physician, 102 Genesee, 2d floor, h 302 N Jefferson. Farrand H C, physician 125 N Washington, h 411 S Warren. Farwell Samuel, R R director, bds 1304 S Jefferson. Fassett David C, clerk, bds Everett House. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 68 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. ftformelh an b oficifomr, OYPFIEG IN BLISS )BLOGK. No. 101, S. Washington Street, corner of Oenesee, CHAUNCEY H. GAGE, ) WILLIAM A. LEWIS. EAAST SA-CINTA'WVtLA! I& ALOrYi LAND08 No. 105, North Washington, HIess Block, 2d floor, WM. A. CLARK, WM. J. LOVELAND. East Saginaw, Mich. IA HOTTG 3-I3I, DEALER IN Fine Family Gioceries, Provisions, Vegetables, Fleign and Domestic Fruits, Hermetically Sealed Goods, Oysters, Lobsters, Sardines, Sauces, Choice Cigars and Tobacco. ITO. 104, MT. WSHIC3rC-TO0T STRBZEIET, EAST SAGINAW, MICI. LrWholesale Depot for Baltimore Oysters. DC'BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 69 Fay Conrad, cleik, h 917 Lapeer. Fay B M, Pres't, Sag Valley Bank, res Sag City. Feck Jerome, lighterman, h 109 Hayden. Feiger Frederick, cooper, bds Johnson. Feige E, cabinet maker, h 111 S Web ter. Feige Frederick F, cabinet maker, h 118 S Clay. Feige George, cabinet maker, bds 111 S Webster. Feige Henry, clerk, bds, Sherman House. Feige Reinhardt, lock smith, 417 Genesee, h 125 S Third. Ferguson A, manager W U Telegraph Co., bds Everett. Fettig Donat, teamster, bds S Washington, in grove. Final William, lumberman, h 1317 Genesee. Finkerton John, joiner, h 310 N Third. Fink Ernest, carpenter, 319 S Water. First National Bank, E T Judd Pres't. J L Ketchuml Vice Pres't, L A Clark Cashier, 114 S Washington. Fisher Frederick, shoemaker, h 108 N Fourth. Fisher Jacob, saloon, h 416 S Warren. Fisher Jeremiah, builder, h 512 N Washington. Fish W W, dry goods, 103 Genesee, bds Bancroft, Fittinger Herman, vinegar manuf, h 1325 Tuscola. Fitzgerald Edwin, laborer, h 524 N Rockwell, Fitzgerald L, carpenter, bds 406 N Jefferson. Fitzgerald William, spile driver, h 406 N Jefferson. Flagler Henry M, salt inanuf, (F & York), h 718 S Washington. Flanders George A, (Thompson & Flanders), bds Everett House. Flegle Charles H, teamster, h 903 Lapeer. Flwelling James, carpenter, h 1002 Emerson. Floyd Richard, boiler maker, h Warren. Fogelsanger Emanuel, laborer, h 401 Millard, Fogelsanger Emanuel, miller h 419 S Cass. Foley Thomas R, painter, h 429 S Warren. Forey Thomas, laborer, bds 219 S Water. Forin Thomas, laborer, bds 1231 S Water. Forrest Daniel, shoemaker, h 109 S Fifth. Foisyth C, cabinet maker, bds 708 N Jefferson. Forsyth James, cabinet maker, bds 708 N Jefferson. Fosmaire, John A, h 314 N Third. Fosmire William H, bds 314 N Third. Foster S A, machinist, h 519 N Washington. Fournier Peter, laborer, h 1023 S Water. Fox G B, h 103 S Wells. Fox Lucien H, (Perkins & F), 101 Genesee, h Cherry. Foot Washington, (col'd), plasterer, h 405 N Webster. Frank George, book keeper, bds 224 S Webster. Frank Henry, mason, h 412 N Rockwell. Frank John, butcher, h S Water. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 70.EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. SHA W, BULLARD Sf Co., WHOLESALE CROCOt$, Burt's Block, No. 119 and 121, N. Water St, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. The East Saginaw Foundry and Machine Shop (ESTA IAL SHEED 1854.) Manufactures Steam Engines, Saw Mill, Flouring Mill and Salt Works Machinery, Pot Ash, Sugar and Salt Kettles; and keeps constantly on hand such articles as are most likely to be wanted for immediate repairs in Mills and Salt Works, and will attend to repairing and job work with dispatch. Old Iron, Brass and Copper bought at all times. No. 1002, S. Water St., East Saginaw. P. 0. Box 625. GEORGE W. MERRILL. E. P. & H. L. PENFIELD, No. 106, Genesee St., Jobbers and Retailers of FOREIGN and DOMESTIC DR GOODS, CARPETS, OIL CLOTHS AND MATTINGS. ~S fAgents for FL ORECE S'EWING MA CHINES. iCTWESTERN MASSACHUSETI'S INSURANCE (()., EAST SAGINAW DIRFXTORY. 71 Frank John, butcher, bds 705 German. Frank John, tanner, h 705 German. Franklin John, harness maker, bds S Washington. Frazier Patrick, h 1121 S Water. Freedman H, teacher of the Jews, h 105 S Clay. Freeman Michael, engineer city mills, h 414 S Washington. Freight Depot, (F & P M R R), R Bell agt, 801 N Washington. Freman Nathan, laborer, h N Water, near McLane's mill. French Mrs Mary A, (col'd), washer woman, h 316 N Warren. Fretta Henry, laborer, h 308 N Franklin. Frey J, F & Co, (J F F & H H W), books & stationery, 213 Genesee. Frey John F, (Frey & Co), h 104 Jefferson. Frey Julius T, book binder, 213 Genesee, h 119 N Webster. Frey Simon, teamster, h 611 N Franklin. Fricke Charles, cigar maker, bds German. Fritz John, cigar maker, 125 N Jefferson, h same. Fritz Frederick, laborer, h 205 S Fourth. Frizelle Charles S, (F & Bro), 119 Genesee. Frizelle Bros, (C S S, & F F), drugs, 11') Genesee. Frizelle Seymour F, (F & Bro), bds Bancroft House, Frost Weston, h 802 S Washington. Fughman Henry, tanner, h plank road. Fust Jacob, laborer, h 410 N Rockwell. G GAGE CHAUNCEY H, (G & Lewis), bds 829 S Washington. Gage D W C, lawyer, h 1103 S Water. Gage G B, apprentice, bds 829 S Washington. GAGE & LEWIS, (C H G, & W A L), lawyers, 101 Genesee. Gage Mrs Abigal, h 1107 S Water. Gage Morgan L, saddler, h 829 S Washington. Gallaher John, ( G, Mead & Deering), h 1218 S Jefferson. Gallaher M H, insurance agt, 101 S Washington, h Park avenue. Galinfell Frank, laborer, h 223 N Cass. Gamble James, (Gilldtt & G), bds 511 S Jefferson, Ganshaw Frederick, patern maker, res Sag City. Gansman Henry, shoemaker, bds 316 S Webster. Gardner Charles, farmer, h 1218 S Jefferson. Gardner F F, salt manuf, h 210 S Warren. Gnrdner Fritz, shoemaker, h 924 S Webster. GARRIGUES Du. S S, (Wadsworth & Co), h 235 N Washington. Garrison Charles 0, lumberman, h 704 N Franklin. Gartner Frederick G, saloon, 313 Genesee, h same. Gartner Fritz, saloon, h 315 Elm. Garvey James, laborer, h 211 N Cass. Hall & James, Agents, 101 and 103, S. Washington Street. 72 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. SUCCESSORS TO L. S. LENHEIM, Manufacturers of and Wholesale Dealers in BOOTS, SHOES & LEATHER, Call and examine our Stock before purchasing elsewhere. Our motto is "quick sales and small profits." No. 211, Genesee Street, Everett Block. STOP! STOP! STOP!!! AT FRANK JOHNSON'S AND YOU WILL FIND A COMPLETE STOCK OF Groceries & Provisions, Which are sold at the lowest cash price. No. 306, Genesee Street. BDCPBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY.,73 ( Garvey Philip, laborer, h 211 William. Garvey Thomas, bds 1211 William. Garvin Miss M A, dress maker, 204 N Washington. Gates A W, (A W Gates & Co), h 211 N Washington. Gates A W & Co, livery & stage office, 201 N Washington. Gaven Dominick, laborer, h 221 S Franklin. Geable John, watch maker, bds Johnson. Gehlert John J, tinsmith, 401 Genesee, h cor Cass and Genesee. Geisler Peter, carpenter and joiner, h 104 S Jefferson. Gelinas Ale*,nder, cApenter, h 410 N Franklin. Gelinas 0, cabinet maker, 109 S Franklin, h 410 S Franklin. Germain Edward, jr, carpenter, bds 321 N Third. Germain Edward, sen, carpenter, h 321 N Third. Germain Thomas, builder, 411 Tuscola, h 201 N Jefferson. German Dancing Hall, 202 N Third. German English school, C Watz principal, 110 N Third. German Hall Turning Society, 102 N Third. German Methodist Church, 115 N Warren. Gerow Joseph, saloon, 209 Millard, h same. Geztner John, laborer, h 313 First. Gibb John, carpenter, h east of N Sixth,Tnear Tuscola. Gibel John, clerk, bds 1024 Johnson. Gibson Mrs J, (col'd), dress maker, h 1217 Johnson. Gibson Robert, harness maker, bds with Mrs. Packer. Gies George H, printer, bds Tuscola, with Mr. Joslin. Gilbert Martin, lumberman, bds Bancroft House. Giles John, engineer, h 601 N Fourth. Gillett & Gamble, lawyers, 204 Genesee 2d floor. Gillett William (G & Gamble) bds 705 S Jefferson. Gillett Miss M C, school teacher, bds Washington. Gilmore Geo F, bds 803 William. Gilmore Patrick, lab, h 420 N Fifth. Gilmore Robert, bds 424 Fitzhugh. Giseman John, mason, h 115 S Sixth. Glasby Wm F, bridge builder, h 407 S Water. Glassar G, lab, h 621 Maple. Gleason Authur, (E H G & Son,) bds Everett House. Gleason E HI (E H G & Son,) h 412 Carroll. Gleason E HE & Son, grocers, 107 N Washington. Glenz Charles, shoemaker, h 511 Lapeer. Glover Henry H, painter, h 617 S Webster. Glover Justice J, lawyer, h 701 Fitzhugh. Glover O L house and sign painter, 208 N Water, h 201 S Fifth. Gochal William, h 305 S Water. Goddard Ezra G, civil engineer & surveyor, 101 Genesee, h 509 Thompson. Godley William, livery stable, h 511 Genesee. No\ 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. it 74 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Carpe ts XI 01CiGoth &C, No. 102, Genesee, cor. Water of Street, J. R. Li; STON, EAST SAGINAW, MICH.:TO. 308, CIG33TISEE ST:3BE:T, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. J. S. STEVENS, Proprietor. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in FLOUR, GRAIN, WHEAT, FEED, &c. Season Contracts made with Lumbermen for their Supplies. Custom Work done on coarse Grains. DCZTHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 75 Goeschell Edward. (H & E Goeschell) h 1417 Genesee. Goeschell Hermann, (G, H & E G), h 509 Lapeer. Goeschell H & E, grocers. 908 Genesee. Goeschell Louis, clerk, bds 1417 Genesee. Gohret George M, lab, h Genesee. Golden George, machinist, h Warren. Goldie Wm F, clerk, bds Webster. Goldie Adam, book keeper, h 215 S Webster. Good Henry, machinist, h 609 Carroll. Goodell A E, bakery, 131 N Washington, bds Everett House. Gooding C E, clerk, h 322 N Cass. Gooding Duncan W, h 322 N Cass. Gooding 4 Hawkins, forwarding & commission merchants, 123 and 125 N Water. Goodridge Brothers, (G J & W G), photographers, 103 N Washington, 3d floor. Goodridge, G J, (G & Brother), 103 N Washington. Goodridge Wallace. (G & Bro)f bds 321 Genesee. Goppelt John, h 407 Hayden. Gordon Thomas, sailor, h 415 S Warren. Goss George, lab. h 409 S Washington. Gothrie Calvin, foreman saw mill, h 1101 S Jefferson. Goulding Geo W, machinist, bds 319 N Warren. Gould O A, lumberman, h 218 S Washington. Gouthery Calvin, sawyer, h 1017 S Jefferson. Gradt Leonard, photographer, bds 502 N Water. Graham William, bar keeper, bds Sag Valley Hotel. Grant Chas W, lumberman, bds Everett House. Grant William, mason, bds 212 Millard. Graswieser Joseph, laborer, S Washington, back of B S Works. Graves Miss H E, tailoress, bds 511 Genesee. Gravier Edwin, saloon, 202 N Washington, h 213 N Washington. Grayge Charles, sailor, h 623 Maple. Gray John, laborer, h 309 S Water. Gray William N, clothing, 121 Gen3see, h Washington. Great Western R R Ticket Agency, A Ferguson agt, 103 S Washington. Green Daniel, laborer, h 116 N Fourth. Green James, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag Salt Works. Green Patrick, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag Salt Works. Green R H, moulder, h 406 Maple. Green Richard, moulder, h 916 Emerson. Gregory William, carpenter, h 221 N Cass. Gridley G W, (Haskins & G), bds Mason. Griese Charles, barber, bds First. Griffin B, printer, bds 219 S Water. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 76 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. BOYD & BOOTH, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN PROVISI ONS, G in%, la Mr p m Mr Wood and I Willow Ware, &c. No. 101, Genesee Street, corner Water, EAST SACINAW. ROBERT BOYD, JAS. I-I. BOOTH. DC=BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAIGJNAW DIRECTOTY 77 77 Griffis Miss Sarah, boarding house, 712 S Washington. Grinnell Mrs M P, boarding house 423 N Washington. Grinnell Sebastian, lab, h near E Sag Salt Works. Griwi Henry, lab, h 206 S Fourth. Grove William W, lab, h 720 N Franklin. Grover John W, bds 121 N Franklin. Grubbe James, blacksmith, bls 214 N Cass. Gunther Ephraim, teacher, h 219 S Third. Guiler George W, carpenter & joiner, h 501 Wells. Guyer John, cabinet maker, bds Genesee, H Haas, Andrew, boiler maker, h James, JIaag, Joseph, lab, h 121 N Cass. Haben John, lab, h 315 S Warren. Haddesley William, carp, h 208 N Cherry. Hade Frederick, butcher, bds 308 S Webster. Hlaight John, h 122 S Clay. Haike Philip, carp and joiner, h 106 S Rockwell. HIale F T, foreman Shaw R & Co, h 320 S Washington. Hale Ihenry, tinsmith, Ih 320 S Washington. Hales Lewis, Gardner, h Webster. Hall D S, physician, 125 N Washington, h 218 N Water. Hall Henry, lab, h 110 N Rockwell. HALL JOHNATHAN, (Brown, H & James,) h 812 Hoyt. Hall L C, book keeper, (with D F Rose,) 101 Genesee, h First. Hall Mrs C, h 324 Astor. Hall Mrs J, dress maker, bds Everett House. Hall Oscar, h 406 S Warren. Hall Thomas, lab, h 322 N Third. Hallock Fred M, (Stoddard & H,) bds Bancroft. Hallock H H, clerk bds Everett. Hames James H, carpenter and Joiner, h 217 Maple. Hames John, painter, h 210 German. Hamill James B, h 311 S Jefferson. Hamilton Charles, book keeper, bds N Washington. Hamilton Samuel, bar keeper, bds Bancroft. Hammell Mrs W, h 317 S Water. Hammond Clarence W, clerk bds Everett House. Hammond Mrs E G, milliner and dress maker, 109 8 Washington, h same. Hand Mrs Ellen, grocery, 114 N Cass, h same. Hansel Mathias, lab, h 1002 Tuscola. Harber Alexander, carpenter and Joiner, h 308 N Franklin. Harder James, Farmer, bds 1002 S Jefferson. Harden James, watchman, W & Eastman, h Mason. Harkness W K, salt manuf, h 614 S Washington. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Bock, 2d floor. 7g EAST SAGINAWIr DIREC'ORT. W0. Cr YATWE ' & CO., COMMISSION )EALERS IN Imiy r, %l ml Ihllt gf!, No. 101, Exchangc Block, Genesee, cor, Water —Office, No. 13, 3d floor. - e 4, _,.... Particular attention given to the Purchase, Inspection and Shipping of Lumber arri Shingles from all points on Saginaw River. Addresa all communic-tions, East Saginaw. Robt. H. Weidenann, DEAL:EE BPT A>TT)D SAW iOOGS, No. 101, Echangc Block, Genesee, corucr Water-Office, No. 13, 3d floor. EAST SA GINA IW MICH. D. FORSYTH ROSE, COMMISSION.. — _ ___ Particular Attention paid to the purchase of Lumber and Logs. Will attend promptly to Inspection and Shipping of Lumber, LIth and Shingles, from any point on the River. Office, No. 101, Genesce, cor. Water, over Boyd & Booth's Store. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. CA TLIN & SANB ORN, INSPECTORS AND COMMISSION Lr SEB 3DEAP Lt 3tt X) ] 3EP J 3P D 3() Office, No. 122, North Water Street, 2d Floor, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. All business entrusted to our care will receive prompt attention. LUMBERMANS INS. COMPANY, Chicago, Illinois, 'EX8T 6A-GINAW 'DIRECTORY. Hayden Frederick, lab, li 218 N Cacs.Harnden Mrs Clara, seamstress, Ii 1007 Lapeer. Harney George, (Town & H,) h 101 S Wmahington. ilarnish Frederick, segar maker h 122 S Fourth.. IHuron Imig Booming Co, E Eddy Pres't, J IL Ketchum Treas. 113 S Water, Harris Charles, teamster, li 702 N Warren. Harris James, prop'r Monitor House, 623 N Washington, Harris J B, clerk, bds 623 N Washington. Harris John, clothing, h 115 Lapeer. HARRISON H L, (Elliott & H-,) bds Everett House. Hart John. carpenter, h 224 Cornelia. Harteau Zoel, (Cholet & HI) 125 S Water, bds William. Hlartigan Edward, cooper, h N Washington, near East Saginaw salt works. Hartigan Patrick, carpenter, h 821 Emerson. Hartman John, cabinet maker, Wds Genesee. Haskell E W, sailor, bds 502 S water.. Haskel S V, clerk, bds 112 N Washington. Has'kins Horace R, (H & Guiley,) h 602 Mason. Haskins & Guiley, machinists, 516 Mas~on. Hatch Alva, carpenter and joiner, h 612 N Washington, Hathaway Horace, h 901 S Washington. Hatt John, lab, h N East end Tuscola. Hatton Wm W, street commissioner, h 913 Hoyt. Haufner John, lab, h 422 N Fourth. Haumbarger Charles, carpenter, h 608 Lapeer. Hawkins Charles, lab, h. 623 N Franklin. Hawkins Wesley, (Gooding & H,) bds Everett House, Hawkins William, shoemaker, h East of N Sixth near Tuscola. Hayden Charles, lab, bds 407 5 Warren. Hayden John, lumber inspector, h 424 N Fifth. Hayden Miss L A, school teacher, bds Washington. Hay George, blacksmith, 210 Tuscola, bds 123 N Washington. Hayslop John, lab, bds 62?5 N Franklin. Hazard Rowland, -machinist, bds 712 5 Washington. Hazard Thomas, foreman A XV Gates & Co, h 210 5 Washington. Hedley William, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. Heidecker Frederick, (Moye, H & Weiss,) bds Webster. Heineman Charles, upholsterer, h Lapeer. Heinlein George, tailor, h 501 N Fifth. Heinlein Henry, merchant tailor, 409 Genesee, h 403 Lapeer. Heinlein Wolfgang, brewer, h 407 McKrosky. Held George, blacksmith, h 703 Tuscola. Heller A, upholsterer, h 1703 Johnson. Heminger 0, carpenter. h 413 N Second. Heuckley James A, U S revenue office, h 803 Williama. Hall & James, Ag'ts, Bliss Block, opposite Bancroft House. 80 EAST SA GINA W 'I RERTEfR TY. EAST SAGIlRFAW Steam Boiler Works. THEOS STEE8IL-. MANUFACTURER OF all other description of OBOILER WORK, Also, Sheet Iron Breeching and Smoke Pipe made to any dimensions. Work done as cheap as can be obtained at any point West. Refer to all Steamboat men and Mill owner on Sainaw River Refer to all Steamboat men and Mill owners on Saginlaw River oCjBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 81 Hendrick John, lab, h 615 Maple, Hennings Christopher, watchman Wickes Bros. Hennings John, lab, h 120 N Webster. Henry Robert, carpenter, h 313 N Second. Henselman John, tinsmith, 701 German, h, same. Hepinstall Miss, school teacher, 511 Millard, bds Hoyt. Herbage Daniel, painter, bds 708 N Jefferson. Herbert Frederick, book keeper, h 209 Hoyt. Herb Francis J, jeweler, 213 Genesee, h 219 S Webster. Hergarty Patrick, lab, h 306 Cornelia, Herpel Ernst, furniture, 115 N Jefferson, h same. Herring F W, physician, 816 Genesee, h same. Herring Henry P, (Wheeler & H,), 101 Genesee,res Sag City. Herteau Zoel, bowling saloon, bds 111 Hayden. Hess I F, tailor, h 212 N Washington. Hess M B, office 2 Arcade Block, N Washington, bds Bancroft. Hesse B, physician, h 813 William. Hesse Wm, lab, h 1802 Johnson. Heston L, propr Saginaw Valley hotel, 116 N Water. Hibernia Hotel, O'Brien Martin propr, 724 N Washington. Hickey John, lab, bds 219 S Water. Hickey S, carp & joiner, h 907 Johnson. Iicks D C, sawyer, h 1024 S Jefferson. Hicks G W, (col'd, upholsterer, 236 S Washington, h Franklin. Hicks Joseph, lab, bds 218 N Third. Higgins Thomas, lab, bds Saginaw Valley House. Hilborn Henry, cook, h 407 Fitzhugh. Hilliard Jackson M, grocer, h 305 Lapeer. Hilliard J H, saloon, 105 N Washington, h 515 Fitzhugh. Hill George W, baker, bds Sherman House. Hill James H, (H & Morris), h 405 S Jefferson. Hill Louis, lab, h 308 N Franklin. Hill & Morris, (J H H & Geo M), proprs pioneer iron works 901 S Water. Hill S B, lumberman, h 310 S Jefferson. Hineman Charles, upholsterer, h 110 N Warren. Hodgson Mark, engineer, h 614 S Jefferson. Hodson William, lumberman, h 317 N Jefferson. Hodson Thomas, sash and door maker, h 214 N Fourth. Hoerner Charles, (G H & Co), h 212 NThird. Hoerner Geo & Co, (Geo & Chas H), grocers, 627 Hoyt. Hoerner George (H & Co), h 212 N Third. Hoffman Ernst, lab, h 602 Thompson. Hoffman Henry, tanner, h 1565 Genesee. Hoisington Geo, lab, h 1020 James. Holden Peter, lab, h 102 Tenth. Holland) D G, (F W Carlisle & Co), h 402 N Water. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. Jt 82 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Webber & Smith, ATTORNEYS, SOLICITORS AND COUNSELORS, TO.- 8, C:IOTTS:E3 BLIOCK, Corner of Washington and Genesee Streets, 3d floor. IVMING. SMITHB. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. DR. H. A. SMITH, D 3E ~T WI S T Office, No. 325, National Block, cor. Cass and Genesee Streets, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. WM. GILLETT. JAS. GAMBLE. GILLETT & GAMBLE, itS w eyd awea wffia ^ff al lar u1 anb Insurance agents, Office No. 204, Bliss Block, Genesee Street, 2d floor, over Robinson's Bank, G. W. MORLEY, C. H. MORLEY, E. W. MOR1LEY. MORLEY BROTHERS, Late SCHMITZ & MORLEYS, Dealers in Hardware, Iron, Nails, GLA.SS, &O-, Empire Block, Nos. 110 and 112, South Water Street, EAST SAGINAW, MICHIi DCXHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 83 Holland & Derby, (D G H & B P D), proprs E Sag lime works, 510 N Water. Holmes Charles A, insurance agt, office 3 Hess Block, h 221 S Fourth. Holmes Mrs M, h 417 S Water. Holmes Thomas, devil, Courier office, bds 417 S Water. Hoist Henry, lab, h 613 N Franklin. Holtz Daniel, carp, h 616 N Washington. Holtz John, lab, h 616 N Washington. Holyede Frederick, shoemaker, 703 German, bds 701 German. Honner Frank, lab, h 219 N Webster. Horton Henry D, lab, h 920 Emerson. Hosey William, saddler, bds 411 S Washington. Hotchkiss W H. tinsmith, bds Warren street. Hough E A. grocer, 104 N Washington, h 314 S Warren. Hough J J, clerk, bds 309 S Webster. Hough Mrs Mary A, h 309 S Webster. Houlahan James, lab, bds 324 N Fourth. Houlahan Michael; lab, h 324 N Fourth. Houlahan Phillip, lab, bds 324 N Fourth. Houlahan Thomas, lab, bds, 324 N Fourth. Hould Ohesime H, lab, bds Sag Valley Hotel. Hover Mrs. C, h 412 First. Hovey L B, harness maker, 206 N Washington, h 806 Lapeer. Hovey Luscius D, student, bds 806 Lapeer. Howard & Brother, (W J & P L H), grocers, 125 N Washington. Howard Daniel F, joiner, h 404 First. Howard John, (col'd), waiter Bancroft. Howard Porter L, (H & Bro), bds 201 N Franklin. Howard W 1, (H & Brother), h 201 N Franklin. Howard William, (col'd), waiter, Bancroft. Hoyt D, assistant cashier Merch'ts National Bank, bds Bancroft. Hoyt Henry H, lawyer, 101 Genesee bds 618 N Franklin. Hoyt F E, book keeper Mayflower mill, h 420 N Water. Hubbard George, carpenter, h 1407, Genesee. Hubbard Willard A, carp, h 305 Lapeer. Hubbell Thomas M, boat builder, h 610 N Franklin, Hubert Frederick, meat market, 114 N Washington, h 117 N Franklin. Hubert Joseph, butcher, h 117 N Franklin. Hudson Mrs, h 410 Potter. Hull W Hooker, (C H Smith & Co), bds 112 Hayden. Humbler Joseph, saloon, 102 N Cass, bds 423 N Third. Humes James, carpenter & joiner, h 223 Maple. Humes John, machinist, h 1212 Mason. OJ~umphrey D F, auctioneer, h 410 S Washington. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 84 4EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. D. Wx PERKINS, 'ttorne antl OlinTs llor at ain, GENERAL CLAIM AND COLLECTING A GEN.T, Office, No. 101, Genesee Street, up-stairs, East Saginaw, Mich. I. W. PERKINS. L II. FOX. PERKINS 4 FOX, General Fire, Life, Accident and Marine $nirs~u 1Igntts. LIFE COMPANIES REPRESENTED, Mutual Benefit,. --- —----- - Assetts, $9,600,000 Knickerbocker, ____" 1,100,000 National Life and Travelers Insurance Co., " 500,000 Universal Life,..__.____._... 200,000 Putnam Fire Ins. Co.,- - ------- Assets, 575,00() City Fire Ins. Co., --- 500,000 Merchants' Insurance Co., of Hartford, - - - 350,000 Merchants' Insurance of Chicago, - 330,000 Policies issued and Losses adjusted at our office without delay. Office, No. 101, Exchange Block, Genesee St., up-stairs, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. [TBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Humphrey George, cooper, h 423 Tuscola. Hunt A D, lumberman, h 207 Lapeer. Hunt Geo W, mason, h 1531, Genesee. Hunter A H, lumber inspector, 122 N Water, h 416 N Water. Hunter A G, clerk, bds 416 N Water. Huntley Mrs H, h 112 N Fourth. Hutton Thomas, bds 1513 Genesee. Hutton WVm, lab, h 1513 Genesee. Hutzel Joseph, musician, h 516 N Franklin. I Iddings R M, (Lenheini & I), bds 315 S Washington. Ingersoll S M, harness maker, h 116 N Fifth. Ingleman H, (col'd), lab, h 725 Maple. Irwin Patrick, bar tender, bds 724 N Washington. Ivey John, bds Bancroft House. J Jaby Joseph, cartman, h 624 S Jefferson. Jackson A, h 701 S Jefferson. Jackson A E, grocer, 511 S Washington, h 505 S Washington. Jackson Andrew, (col'd), lab, h 1203 Johnson. Jackson Frederick, lab, h 115 S Third. Jackson James B, h 701 S Jefferson. Jacob Christian, carp, h 324 N Sixth. Jahuke Charles, lab, h 211 N Webster. Jahutt Thomas, carp, h 310 N Fourth. Jajk John, lab, h 206 N Fourth. JAMES THOMAS M, (Brown H & James) h cor Wells & Park avenue. Janes W C, (Bliss, J & Co), h 418 S Washington. Jarner Moses, h 625 Tuscola. Jeffers Edward, lumberman, bds 408 Carroll. Jeffers John, book keeper, bds 408 Carroll. Jeffers John, hotel propr, 1231 S VWater. Jeffers Michael, comptroller, 102 N Washington, h 408 Carroll. Jenks L S, clerk, bds N Water. Jewett Geo W, bds 716 N Franklin. Jewett Horace W, lumberman, h 716 N Franklin. Jewett Volney H, clerk, bds 716 N Franklin. JOB PRINTING, OFFICE, (Lewis & Lyon propr's,) 103 S Washington, 4th floor. Johnson Benjamin, (col'd), waiter, Bancroft. Johnson C F, carp, h 423 S Washington. Johnson Elizabeth, washer woman, bds 215 William. Johnson Frank, grocer, 306 Genesee, bds Everett House. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. 86 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in GROCERIES & PROVISIONS, No. 222, South Washington Street. - 4 ---- -. ---+ --- —-- Cash Paid for all kinds of Country Produce. Our Stock is Fresh and Complete. Call and examine. JOHN McKAY'S SALOON AND RESTAURANT; ALSO WHOLESALE DEALER IN Fresh Fish, Oysters and Game, No. 126, S. Washington St., East Saginaw. ~ FRED A. K(EHLER, F) Carries on the Blacksmithing Business In all its branches. Work done with neatness and dispatch. Special attention given to HORSE-SHOEING and WAGON IRONING. No. 212, Tuscola St. near Water, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. NARRAGANSETT INSURANCE Co., Providence, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 87 Johnson Ira H, carp, h 513 James. Johnson James, teamster, h 808 Lapeer. Johnson J B, clerk, h 109 S Sixth. Johnson Mark S, lab, h 409 N Webster. Johnson Miss Aville, dress maker, h Hoyt. Johnson Miss Louise, school teacher, bds Genesee. Johnson Myron A, book keeper, bds N Washington. Johnson Quiney, h 1014 Emerson. Johnson Wm, moulder, h 616 Miller. Jones C B, lumber dealer, h 813 S Washington. Jones C, farmer, bds 625 Maple. Jones Monroe, cider & vinegar manuf, 424 N Franklin, ih same. Joslin Charles M, lumber inspector, 101 Genesee, bds S WrVshington. Joslin Harvey, lawyer, 101 Genesee, h 220 S Webster. Joslin Perry, editor & manager Daily & Weekly Enterprise, h 207 Tuscola. Judd E T, Pres't first National Bank, 114 S Washington, h 413 21 Jefferson. K Katchwits Wm, lab, h 215 N Webster. Kain Michael, saloon, 620 N Washington, h same. Kaiser Jacob J, jr, blacksmith, bds 316 S Webster. Kaiser Jacob, sen, blacksmith, h 211 S Webster. Kapitan Joseph, cooper. Kapplinger John, drayman, h 106 N Warren. Karns James, lab, h 213 S Sixth. Kaye William, painter, bds 412 German. Keeler D D, mason, h 209 Cherry. Keeler F D, ticket agent, bds Everett House. Keeling, W H, conductor F & P M R R, bds Bancroft. Kehl Charles, carp, h 1608 Johnson. Keisler Julius, lab, h 218 N Franklin. Keisler Julius, lab, h 223 N Cass. Kelly John, sailor, bds 122 N Cass. Kencler John, mason, h 107, S Third. Kennedy Daniel A, lumber dealer, h 525 Miller. Kennedy M, tailor, 107 N Washington. Kennedy Miss Annie, bds Bancroft. Kenzher John, mason, h 107 S Third. Kern William, carp, h 318 8 Jefferson. Kerr Thomas, lab, bds 524 Potter. Kerwin M, carp, h 410 N Webster. Kerwin Patrick, lab, h 123 S Fifth. Ketchum J L & Co, lumbermen, 113 S Water. Hall & James, Ag'ts, 101 and 102, S. Wash. st., Bliss Block. 8 EBAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. <3;I;IXM B &, >, NVo. 203, Genesee Street, EAST SAGINAW, MICHIGAN. Invites attention to his Stock of Staple and Fancy All kinds of DOMESTICS, at the very lowest prices. I have just received a New Assortment of Calicoes, DeLaines, Muslins, Ginghams, Cloths, Cassimeres, &c. Particular attention is called to my stock of Yankee Notions, Trimmings, Eliptic Spring Hoop Skirts, &c., &c. Also, a splendid assortment of Ladies' and Misses' Hose. Give me a call before buying. I am always glad to show my Goods. WILLIAM BARIE. East Saginaw, May 1, 1866. D=BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 89 Ketchum J L, (Vice Pres't first national bank, and J L K & Co) h 202 S Jefferson. Keys Henry, (col'd), lab, h S Washington near B S Works. Khrone Carl, lab, h 202 Lapeer. Kilburn Henry, lab, h 411 N Warren. Kiliian Charles, tobacconist, 407 Genesee, bds 405 Genesee. Killian James, blacksmith, bds 405 Genesee. Killinger Frederick, carp, h 1009 Johnson. Kilpatrick James, harness maker, bds 623 Hoyt. Kilpe Louis, mason, h 1021 James. Kimball Erastus, lab, h 712 Emerson. Kimball John, grocer, 103 Lapeer, h east of N Sixth near Tuscola. King Charles, lab, h 1525 Genesee. King Jacob, lab, h 716 S Washington. Kingsbary Nelson, teamster, h 203 Wells. Kinney Patrick, lab, h near E S works. Kippmuller Adam M, drayman, h 411 James. Kirckhoff Henry, clerk, h 602 Hoyt. Kirby Adison, lath sawyer, h 801 S Jefferson. Kirby Allen, ship carp, h 414 N Washington. Kirby A R, saw repairer, h 502 Emerson. Kirby Stephen R, architect, h 223 S Jefferson. Kirwan W'illiam, harness maker. Kissell C, lab, bds Deerfield road. Kleinfeld Frances, sawyer, h 211 S Webster. Klumnpp Gottlieb, meat market, 105 Lapeer, h same. Knapp Lucian, printer, bds Tuscola with Mr. Joslin. Knapp S B, carp, and joiner, bds 802 S Washington. Kneppel Charles, farmei, h 817 James. Knickerbocker Wesley, foreman Buffalo Salt Co, bds 1121 S Water. Knight Isaac R, lumberman, h 1001 S Water. Koch L, laborer, h 522 First. Koch Moses, clothier, 123 Genesee, bds Bancroft House. Koehler, Emanuel, h 815 James. Koehler F A, blacksmith, 212 Tuscola, h 214 N Cass. Koehler Frank, lab, h 801 James. Koenig Adolph, carp, h 501 Lapeer. Kohn Caleb, lab, h 805 Maple. Kohn F, lab, bds 801 Maple. Korp Jacob, carp, h 216 N Webster. Koster Adam, lab, h east end Tuscola. Krekow Amil, baker, bds 107 Lapeer. Krekow William, bakery, 107 Lapeer h same. Kreutozberger John, lab, h 1024 S Webster. Krohn Joseph, lab, h 413 Carroll. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. K+ 90 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Thompson & Flanders, ttorneU s anb ounslors at tato, Office, No. 204, Genesee Street, 2d Floor, &EAST S-Ac3-I2RA.w A. B. SPINNEY, M. D. Office, No. 325, National Block, cor. Gcnesce and Cass Streets, 2d floor, EA.ST SAG-IN3ThA'W7, MIO0CH1 -L'Officc hours from 8 to 10 A. M., and 1 to 2 and 7 to 9 P. M. Calls from a distance promptly attended too. A. SECImTrIP, DEALER IN Groceries 4 Provisions, No. 205, Crouse Block, Genesee St., E.AST SAG-IAVTAW.. J Agent for Wayne Co. Salt Manufacturing Co. ALBERT BIRDSALL, Carries on the BLACKSMITHING Business in all its branches. Attention given to Horse-Shoeing and Wagon Ironing. No. 316, Genesee St. EAST SAGINA W MICH. JAMES J. BAKER, Manufacturer of Carriages and Wagons, expressly for custom trade. Repairing done on short notice. No. 316, Genesee St., with Albert Birdsall. J'LHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 91 Kroll Jerome P, insurance agt, bds 715 Genesee. Krouser Herman, carp, h 119 S Third. Kull Mrs. Caroline, bowling saloon, 709 Genesee, h same. Kurtzman Lewis, saloon, 504 Lapeer, h same. Kuster Adam, cooper, bds 828 Lapeer. Kuster Geo A, lab, h 828 Lapeer. L Laeaona Frederick, lab, bds 202 N Franklin. Laird Henry, joiner, h 408 First. Lambert Aaron, rule maker. h 1303 S Water. Lambert Oliver, rule maker, h 1303 S Water. Lambert Levi, cooper, bds 505 N Jefferson. Lamb John C, engineer, h 901 S Jefferson. Lamb John, lab, h 105 N Warren. Land James A, conductor, F & P M R R, h 111 N Sixth. Land John, saloon & boarding house, 122 N Jefferson. Langa Guttlixe, saloon, 109 N Jefferson, h same. Langdon Frederick, lab, h 206 N Rockwell. Langebar Joseph, lab, h 1625 Johnson. Lange William, shoemaker, (C H Smith & Co), Lange William, brewer, bds S Washington, in the grove. Langlass Charles, carp, h 1006 S Webster. Langmeer Christopher, tailor, h 114 N Rockwell. Langschwage Frederick, tailor, h 211 S Third. Lapham Zachariah T, engineer, 809 S Jefferson. Laprese Edward, painter, bds Water. Laraway Henry, carp. h 710 N Franklin. Larkins John, machinist bds Everett House. Lathrop G A, physician, bds 423 N Washington. Laughlin Martin, lab, h 524 Potter. Laughrey Robert, mason, h 710 Emerson. Launer George, teamster, h 1514 Johnson. Lavene George, lab, 1309 S Water. Lavene Moses, lab, h 1309 S Water. Lavene William, lab, bds 1309 S Water. Lawrence Joseph, lumber inspector, h N east end Tuscola. Layer Andrew, clerk, h Clay. Leadbeater Mrs Helen, h 1231 S Washington. Leaton John C, law student, bds 722 Hoyt. Leaton J T, lumberman, h 722 Hoyt. Leaton Wm C, bds 722 Hoyt. Ledlie Gilbert W, clerk F & P M R R, bds 423 N Washington. Lee Charles, lumberman, h 623 S Water. Lee John, clerk, bds 112 N Washington. Lee Joseph, boiler maker, h 608 Potter. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 92 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. HENRY MARKS, The oldest dealer in READY-MADE GLOTHING, Hats, Caps, Furs, and IN EAST SAGINAW. He buys his Goods for Cash and is enabled to sell goods as low as the lowest. He promises entire satisfaction to his customers. Remember his Store, No. 115, Genesee Street, opposite the Bancroft House. DB7BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGTINAW DIRECTORY. Leesh Diedrick, lab, h 223 N Cass. Leggett C W, apprentice, bds Everett House. LEOGETT S T, jeweler, 105 S Washington, bds Bancroft House. Lehman Paul, grocer, h 401 Lapeer. Lehman Paul, clerk, bds 401 Lapeer. Leigh William, carp, h 118 Cornelia. LENHEIM & IDDINGS, (L S L & R M I), boots & shoes, 211 Genesee. LENHEIM L S, (L & Iddings) h 624 Hoyt. Lentz Simon, lab, bds 401 Millard. Lenz William, clerk, h German. Leonard J C, agt Chicago Salt & Lumber Co, bds Everett House. Leonhardt Christopher, saloon, 102 N Cass, h 412 N Webster. Lepp Peter, barber, bds First. Leroy M F, city marshal, 104 Genesee, h 315 S Jefferson. Leroy Milton, carriage maker, h 211 Maple. Lester Harrison, bar keeper, bds 504 S Water. Lewis Edwin, apprentice, bds 702 S Washington. Lewis George, lumberman, h S Washington, south of old coloney road. Lewis G F, stationer, 103 S Washington, (and Lewis & Lyon), h 616 S Washington. Lewis James, h 702 S Washington. Lewis & Lyon, (G F L & E W L), propr's Job Printing office, 103 S Washington, 4th floor. LEWIS WILLIAM A, (G & Lewis), h 205 Hoyt. Lewis Wnm H, lab, h 1313 S Washington. Lewitzkee Fritz, lab, h 525 First. Leyer Andrew, clerk, h 108 N Clay. Lidday Michael, tanner, h N Washington. Lido John, lab, h 311 James. Linderman J C, miller, city mills, h Water cor Thompson. Lingham Henry, lumberman, h 709 Emerson. Lipscomb E, millwright, h 208 N Cass. Lipscomb Mrs A, washer woman, h 614 S Warren. Lipscomb Nelson, lumberman, h 303 Hoyt. Lirkey John, harness maker, h 210 N Fourth. Litchfield E E, clerk, bds Bancroft. Little M, capt tug traffic, h 801 S Water. Little William, lab, bds Sag Valley House. Little William N, h 1125 Carroll. LITTLE W L P, Pres't Merchant's National Bank, h 306 N Water. Livermore Samuel, farmer, h 1539 Genesee. Livermore Seymour, carp, h 1314 Genesee. Livingston Albert, waiter, bds Sag Valley House. Livingston Daniel. ferryman, h N Water, near McLeans mill. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 94 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Wm. Zimmermann & Co., JF7tolesale Dealers in -m I Csof"^ D iJBTI J I BI& AJKjDY RECTtIFID WHtISKY, &c5., &eC,, No. 221 Norlth Water Street, EAST SAGINAW, MICH. CONNECTICUT INSURANCE Co. of Hartford, RAST SAGTINAW DIRECTORY. ~95 Livingston H C & Co, produce commission dealers, Benedict H W, agt, 223 N Water. LIVINGSTON J R & Co, (J R L & R J T), dry goods 102 Genesee. L1VINGSION J R, (J R L & Co), bds Bancroft House. Lloyd William, butcher, h 301 S Jefferson. Lockley George, (with M H Gallaher), h 501 S Water. Lockman Daniel, (col'd) drayman, h 401 Fitzhugh. Lohmann Paul, grocer, h 513 Lapeer. Lohrer, Martin, shoemaker, bds Genesee. Longerman Frederick, lab, h 217 N Fourth. Loomis Royal, (Burt & L), h 1412 Genesee. Lophon L, h 923 S Jefferson. Lopley John, lab, h 305 N Fourth. Lorke Louis, harness maker, 107 S Cass, h Fourth. Loundra Lewis, carp, h 616 Thompson. LOVELAND Wm J, (Clark & L), bds 608 N Washington. Lowder Samuel, machinist, h 613 Maple. Lull A, lumberman, h 201 N Chestnut. Lung Frederick, baker, h 701 Lapeer. LUSTER RICHARD, grocer, 325 Genesee, h 612 Tuscola Luther J M, supt E S Salt Works, h 610 N Washington. LYON E W, (Lewis & L), h 303 S Washington. Lyon Robert, lab, h 603 N Washington. M McBeier Richard, grocer, 602 James, h same. McCane Mrs Mary A, midwife, h 519 N Webster. McCauly -, dressmaker, 235 S Washington. McLean Chester, carp & joiner, 109 S Franklin, h 515 Millard. McClellan Francis, carp, h 412 German. McClenen Robert, painter, h N east end Tuscola. McComb Joseph, carp, bds 709 Maple. McCormick Archibald, lumberman, bds 723 S Washington. McCormick James, lumberman, h 723 S Washington. McDonenall James R, lumberman, bds 118 $N Franklin. McDoneath Mrs L, h 317 N Fourth. McDonald W F, saloon, bds 113 N Cass. McDonald William, saloon, 318 Genesee, h same. McDougall R B, h 317 First. McEachron Peter, builder, 117 S Cass, h 613 Thompson. McFadden Robert, lab, h 631 Maple. McFairish A, lumberman, h 222 N Rockwell. McFarlin John H, builder, 116 N Jefferson, h 622 Johnson. McFarlin Peter, carp, h 123 S Fifth. McFarlin Silas, clerk, bds 622 Johnson. Hall & James, Ag'ts, 101 and 102, S. Wash. st., Bliss Block..j-. ()) AS'Cr SNGfNAW I)rECTORY, CTOE3 \1 C E.T ORBXT 7 No. 504, Genese St., Dealer in FAMILY GRO ERIES, Flour, Fisk, Pork, hlams, Shoulders, Cheese, Teas, Sugars, Spices, sc., t~c. And a General Assortment of Wooden Ware. Country Produce Bought and Sold. The highest price paid in cash for all kinds of Country Produce. Will reialove to X.No. j17, Genesee St., on the firt of July. IBUT~IT0&0LQO3EIS, Contractors and Dealers in G~lass, Paints, Oils, &o. Sign Writing, Window Shade Painting, &c. All Work done in the best style, and satisfaction guaranteed. EFITBROWN &- JAMES, Attorneys and Land Aoents EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 97 McHale M, h 220 N Fifth. McHale Patrick, shoemaker, h 220 N Fifth. McIntire Daniel, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag Salt works. McIntee Patrick, carp, h 518 N W'ashington. McKay John, lab, h 1208 Mason. McKay John, saloon, 126 S Washington, h same. McKay Mrs Mary H, saloon, 118 N Franklin, h same. McKee Thomas W, clerk, bds 312 S Warren. McKenney John, engineer, bds 724 N Washington. McKenzie Robert, moulder, h 516 Maple. McKenzie Wm, lab, bds 1223 8 Water. McKinney E W, carp, bds S Washington. McKnight William A, teller C K R & Co's Bank, bds 110 Hoyt. McKnight William, bridge tender, (Bristol street bridge), h 110 Hoyt. McLane C C, lumberman, 105 South Washington, h 520 North Franklin. McLanes mill, L McLane, propr,, N Water, near E S salt works. Mclane Murdoch, lab, h 315 S Water. McLane Seth, lumberman, 105 S Washington, h 603 Jefferson. McLaughlin Elijah, mason, h 820 Hoyt. McCleary Thompson, carp, h 422 Potter. McLellon Francis, cabinet maker, 109 S Cass, h same. McMillan C S, book keeper, (Shaw, Reynolds & Co,) bds Washington. McMillen John, lab, bds 625 N Franklin. McSweeney Edward, gardner, h 1202 Genesee. McSweeney Miles, blacksmith, h Fitzhugh. McVicar John, mason, bds 412 German. McWethy F F, h 115 S Webster. McWethy L D, h 115 S Webster. MACK JAMES, (Wilkin & Mack), bds Everett House. Maddigan John; lab, h 216 N Fourth. Maguire James, lab, h 520 N Water. Maham Daniel, h 701 S Webster. Maher John, plasterer, h 519 Wells. Maier William, lab, h 125 S Franklin. Major George, shoemaker, bds 221 N Cass. Major John, lab, h 221 N Cass. Malcom Warren, lab, h 205 Millard. Malone Josh C, (col'd), waiter Bancroft. Maloney John, lab, h 510 Wells. Maloney M, lab, bds 510 Wells. Maridelle Horace, harness maker, h Maple. Mann Frederick, bakery, 402 Potter, h 518 Potter. Mann H S, bds 803 William. MAann Thomas, yard man, Bancroft House. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, BlissBlock, 2d floor. Lt I - EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN Harness, Saddes, Bridles, Martin gales, Trunks, Valises, Carpet Bags, A~c. MTO 302,1 G 88BJ~ — s'r,2 EAST SAGINAW, MICH. DEALER IN G~roceries 4~Povisions, 1011 Gage & Jones Block, Cor. Lapeer and Jefferson, EAST SAGINAW CONNECTICUT INS. COMPANY, of Hartford, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 99 Marcello Charles, lab, h 823 S 'Water. MARKS HENRY, clothing, 114 S Water & 115 Genesee. Marks John, (W Zimmerman & Co), h 105 S Warren. Marr Benjamin F, cabinet maker, h 925 S Jefferson. Marrie Sanck, shoemaker, h 854 Lapeer. Marsky Charles F, (Schwartz & M), h 222 S Third. Martindale Miss Jennie, milliner, bds Everett House. Martin Ellen, (col'd) washer woman, h 215 William. Martin Joseph, brick-layer, h 717 Maple. Martin Mrs Ellen, (col'd), washer woman, h 107 S Franklin. Martin Robert, carp, h 224 N Sixth, Masonic Lodge Room, 104 Genesee, 3d floor. Mason Edward M, Principal Union School, h 1551 Genesee. Mason John B, painter, h 1211 Tuscola. Mason John, h 706 Carroll. Mason L P, (Estabrook & M), h 215 S Jefferson. Mason 0 L, physician, 125 N Washington. Massbacher Frederick, physician, 101 Lapeer. Massey Charles, lighterman, h 1031 S Washington. Masauret T, groceries and provisions, 116 N Washington. MATHER E G, clerk Bancroft House. Maurrer George, h 123 S Fourth. Mautner S & A, clothing, 2U4 Genesee. Mayer Frank W, clerk, bds 123 N Washington. Mayflower mills, W L P Little agt, 424 N Water. MEAD A P, (Gallaher, M & D), h 307 Hoyt. MEANY STEPHEN, capt, steamer L G Mason, h 524 N Washington. Meidlain John, bakery 124 N Franklin, h same. Meitzer L, peddler, h 119 Lapeer. Melchers Henry, druggist 102 N Jefferson, bds Lapeer. Mellville John, cook, h 317 N Second. Mendell Henry, boiler maker, h 625 Maple. Mendell Horace, harness maker, h 625 Maple. Merchants' National Bank, W L P Little Pres't. James Brown, Cashier, 114 Genesee. Merrill A J, lab, bds 913 S Washington. Merrill Ezil, carp, h 1612 Genesee. Merrill Geo C, machinist, h 805 Hoyt. MERRILL G W, machinist, 1002 S Water, bds 1123 S Water. Merrill Henry, stage driver, bds Sag Valley House. Merrill R W, machinist, h 913 S Washington. Merrill Wm M, sup't Albany City Salt Co, h 618 N Warren. Mershon Abraham, lab, bds 1209 S Water. Mershon A H, planing mill, 624 S Water, h 314 N Washington. Mershon James E, telegraph operator, h 419 N Franklin. Mershon J H, lumberman, 401 Potter, h 420 N Washington. Hall & James, Ag'ts, Bliss Block, opposite Bancroft House. 100 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. H. R. PROCTOR'S Hess Block, No. 125, Genesee Street, cor. of Washington. MWhere may be found FINE GOLD AND SILVER WATCHES. SILVER AND PLATED WARE. Our Stock is the Most Complete in the Valley, and we mean at all times to have it so. We make the Spectacle Trade a Speciality, And our experience in that line IS SECOND TO NONE IN THE STATE. We have the PEcR186PFi & &gOND BBLE Together with all the different lens used for the Eyes. 00 -Pi1 1R -i A- 9 k ~l I0 iX D- _ (41 -S." l B - The Watch Repairing Department is under OUR OWN PERSONAL CHARGE And we can assure our customers that their time-pieces will be CAREFULLY HANDLED, and returned to them correct, and in such condition as will give them perfect satisfaction. We keep constantly on hand a large assortment of American WA _TCOH 1vCAT1ERIAIT S, And can make to order any part NEW to the CELEBRATED AMERICAN WATCH. IETBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 101 Mershon Joseph, lab, bds 1209 S Water. Mershon Mathew, stage driver, bds Saginaw Valley House. Mershon Peter, lab, h 1209 S Water. Methodist Church, 201 S Washington. Meyer Charles T. saloon, 308 Potter, h same. Meyei John G, music teacher, h 516 N Franklin. Michal Patrick, shoemaker, h 225 N Sixth. Michigan Salt Co, ) K Allington Sup't, 113 S Water. Mickley Geo. P, (Mosher & M), h 320 Astor. Mickley Samuel. clerk, bds 320 Astor. MIDLER A J, (Root & M), bds Everett House. Middleton Joseph, machinist, bds S Water. Mier William, teamster, h 301 German. Millard Charles, shoemaker, bds 316 S Webster. Millard James, machinist, h 514 Potter. Miller Albert, carp & joiner, bds 1608 Johnson. Miller E, carp, bds 1608 Johnson. Miller H, Justice of the Peace, 101 Genesee, h 1026 S Washington. Miller John, Boarding House, 601 S Water. Miller John, lab, bds 207 S Water, Miller John lab, h 208 S Fifth. Miller John H, tinner, h 124 N Warren. Miler Louis, lab, h 407 James. Miller Richard, carp, bds 316 N Franklin. Miller R, wagon maker, h 210 S Clay. Miller Wm F, sailor, bds 625 N Franklin. Mills John, carp, h 1019 Lapeer. Milne John S, carp, h 208 Lapeer.. Milner George, lumberman, bds Everett House. Minnick Mathew, h 415 S Washington. Mitchell Alexander, jr, clerk, bds 702 Thompson. Mitchell Alexander, sen, grocer, 233 S Washington, h 702 Thompson. Mitchell Charles H, clerk, bds Everett House. Mitchell George A, lumberman, bds 707 N Jefferson. Mittermeir Elizabeth, h 807 William. Moeller F J & Co, real estate agency, 402 Genesee. Mleller F J, (Meeller F J & Co), h 909 Lapeer. Moilas George, lab, h 104 Seventh. Moilas Henry, lab, h 220 N Webster. Moilas James, lab, bds 220 N Webster. Moilas John, lab, bds 220 N Webster. Moilas William, lab, bds 220 N Webster. Molco Charles, lab, h 202 N Franklin. Monitor House, James Harris propr, 623 N Washington. Monroe William, lab, h 210 N Franklin. No. 101 and 103 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. 102 A0 ST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. J. R. TAYLOR & Co., nArwNrD AGE — TS, REAL ESTATE and MONEY BROKERS, AUCTIONEER AND NOTARY PUBLIC, Office in Bliss Block, EAST SAGINAW. Pest IflIEQ Nw@@ ~WQea1! C+E3krT13SS2~3.I STE'E33TD. B. REEVE& Co., Keep constantly on hand an elegant assortment of Blank Books, Stationery, Pens, Ink, Pencils, Pocket Knives, Photographs, School Books, Photograph Albums, Pocket Diarys, Pocket Books, Fancy Notions, Periodicals, N. Y. and other Newspapers, &c. F. W. CARLISLE & Co., Wholesale and Retail Dealers in HIDESI LEATHER AND FINDINGS, CORNER O F,WAT'ER l AND TUSCOLIA STS., EAST SAGINAW, MICH. Cash paid for Hides and Pelts. TIHALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EXST SAGINAW DIRECTORY, 103 Montgomery George W, lab, bds 712 S Washington. Montgomery William, clerk, h 512 Maple. Montgomery William, grocer, h 512 Maple. Montonye Robert, turner, h 1602 Johnson. Moore Frederick, carp, h 1024 S Warren. Moore V R, clerk, bds 423 N Washington. Moore William, lab, h 622 Thompson. Moreau James, ship caulker, bds 308 Potter. Morehouse Rev Henry L, Pastor Baptist Church, bds 109 S Jefferson. Morey Horace, grocer. bds Metropolitan Hotel. Morey Samuel, grocer, h 407 Millard. Morgan M, shoemaker. 117 N Jefferson, h same. Morgan Richard R, farmer, h 214 Seventh. Morgan William W, moulder, h 522 Maple. Moriartv Michael, lab, h 612 S Franklin. Morley Bros, (G W, C H & E W M,) hardware dealers, 110 & 112 S Water. Morley C H, (M Bros), h 606 N Warren. Morley E W, (M Bros), bds Bancroft. Morley G W, (M Bros), bds Bancroft. Morley M, lab, h 814 Lapeer. Moross Columbus V, architect and builder, h 607 Lapeer. Morris Edward, tailor, h 423 N Washington, Morris George, (Hill & Morris). h 512 Thompson. Morris M B, lumberman, h 207 Maple. Morris T E, clerk, bds 423 N Washington. Morris Wm E, tinsmith, h 101 S Jefferson. Morrison (Geo, saloon, 114 N Franklin, h same. Morrison J S, Boarding House, 213 S Water. Morrison Miss E J, milliner, 108 N Washington, h same, Morrisy Michael, tailor, h 608 S Jefferson. Morse N B, lumberman, h 207 Maple. Morse Oscar F, clerk, bds 207 Maple. Morsheetz John H, boiler maker, 209 S Rockwell, h Third. Mosher Mickley, (T R M & G P M), grocers, 323 G enesee. Mosher T B, bds Bancroft. Mosher Thomas R, (M & Mickley,) h 525 N Jefferson. Mosher Adelbert Z, Printer, bds Everett House. Moss Thomas, contractor, h 317 Park. Moulton G E, bds Bancroft. Mower Brothers, (M C & T D M), ice dealers, 1223 S Water. Mower M C, (M & Bros), h 624 Hoyt. Mower T D, (M & Bros), h Bristol. Moye Albert, (M H & Weiss), h 812 Tuscola. Moye Hidecker & Wiess, meat market, 625 Hoyt. Mumford P, h 408 Millard. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. 104 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. SHAW, REYNOLDS & CO,, No. 104, Buena Vista Block. Genesee St., and No. 109, Union Block, South Water Street. EAST SAGINAW, MiCH. blel~~~and It ota&i DEALERS IN HARDWARE, Iron, Nails, Class, Cordage, Rubber and Leather Belting, Lace Leather, Rubber and Hemp Packing, Mulay, Cross Cut, Circular and Gang Saws. Stoves, Hollow Ware, &c. Manufacturers of Tin, Copper and Sheet Iron Ware, ESSWe have the sole Agency for Saginaw Valley, of Hubbard Bros. & Co's Celebrated Patent Ground Circular and Mulay Saws, which we can furnish at Manufacturer Prices. D[BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 105 Murdock Andrew, sailor, h 907 S Webster. Murdock David, sailor, bds 502 N Water. Murdock John lab, h 302 German. Murdock Peter, capt vessel, bds 416 N Water. Murdock Samuel, sailor. bds 502 N Water, Murphy F J, lumber dealer, 104 N Washington. Murray Andrew, teamster, h 811 Millard, Murray Patrick, lab, bds 104 Seventh. N Nagle P W, (N & Willard), h 123 S Sixth. Nagle & Willard, (P W N & J C W), grocers, 113 N Water. Nash Thomas, carp & joiner, h 924 S Jefferson. Naterd Frederick, lab, h 312 S Warren. Nay O W, book keeper, bds 723 S Water. Neal W J, meat market, 624 N Washington, bds Carroll. NelsO David, butcher. bds American Hotel. Nelson Julius, sailor, h 515 8 Jefferson. Nelty Frank, (N & Page) h 636 Hoyt. Nelty & Page, (F N & L P), carriage makers and blacksmiths, 307 Tuscola. Nerreter John, saloon & billiards, 319 Gonesee,, h Washington. Nevin Benard, tailor, h 313 S Cherry. NEWCOMBE GEO K, (Spencer & N), h 423 S Jefferson. Newman W, cigar maker, 102 N Jefferson, h 205 S Rockwell. Newton Alfred, law student, bds 608 N Washington. Newton A R, clerk, (E Sag Salt Works) bds 608 N Washington. Newton Edward, machinist, bds 608 N Washington. Newton Henry, clerk, bds 608 N Washington. Newton L F, drayman, h 624 S Warren. Newton Silas, sawyer, h 602 Thompson. Nichodemus Jacob, bar keeper, h 225 S Webster. Nichodemus Peter, saloon 403 Genesee, h 225 8 Webster. Nicholas Mrs. Mary, ladies hair dresser, 321 Genesse, Nicholson MissE, milliner, 108 N Washington, h same. Nichols D K, clerk, bds Bancroft. Nichols Frederick, harness maker, h 202 Lapeer. Nichols John, carp & joiner, h 915 Johnson. Nichol Robert, lab, h 603 N Washington. Nichol Wm, lab, bds 603 N Washington. NIEDERSTADT A G, boots & shoes, 214 S Washington h same. Niederstadt John, boiler maker, h 910 S Warren. Niederstadt G, clerk, h 309 S Webster. Nienstadt Charles, h 110 N Clay. Noel B, painter, 206 N Franklin, h 215 N Jefferson. No. 101 and 108 S. Washington St., Bliss Block, 2d floor. Mt 106 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Wholesale Dealers in GROCER'S DRUGS, HAMBURGH CHEESEy Ac. No. 122, Buckhout's Block, N. Water St., EAST SAGINAW, MICH. WADSWORTH & CO., DEALERS IN CHEMICALS, PAINTS, OILS, AND VARNISHES. A full assortment of PURE LIQUORS, PERFUMERIES, FANCY TOILET ARTICLES, &c. Physicians' Prescriptions, Family Recipes, &c., carefully compounded at all hours. No. 317, Genesee Street, ECONTIAST SNSURANCE PAN, ork, CONTINENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY, New York, EAST SAGIN kW DIRECTORY. 107 Noland John, lab, h 705 Lapeer. Nolan Thomas, lab, h 1015 S Water. Nolan William, carp, h 705 Maple. Northrop Geo, book keeper, bds 118 N Cass. Nothen John, lab, h 424 Fitzhugh. Nugent John, millwright, 1223 S Washington. Nuoff George, lab, h 111 S Fourth. Nye Caleb, lab, h 816 Lapeer. Nye Charles, engineer, h 1222 Johnson. 0 O'Brien C, painter, h 330 S Webster. O'Brien George, lab, h 615 Millard. O'Brien James, waiter, bds 123 S Washington. ('BRIEN JOHN, groceries & provisions 404 Genesee, h 307 Lapeer. ('Brien Martin, propr Hibernia Hotel. 724 N Washington. O'Brien Patrick, lab, h 405 N Fifth. O'Brien Timothy, lab, h 625 Wells. O'Donnell Daniel, propr Canada House, 625 N Franklin. O'Donnell James, saloon, h 618 N Washington. O'Donnell Michael, cooper, bds 403 Fitzhugh. ()'Donnell Michael, bar tender, bds 618 N Washington. O'Horo Francis, lab, bds 1231 S Water. ()'Neil William, blacksmith, h 318 Park. Oakliff Martin, porter, Bancroft. Ohda John, lab, h 212 S Fifth. Ohland Frederick, lab, bds 210 N Rockwell. (land Henry, lab, bds 210 N Rockwell. Oland Joseph, lab, bds 210 N Rockwell. Oldfield A N, train dispatcher, bds Everett House. Olds William, soap & candle manuf, 207 S Franklin, h 622 S Webster. Ormsby R J, mason, h 418 Fitzhugh. Ortman Charles, lumberman, bds 110 S Fourth. Osborn John, stave dealer, h 314 N Cass. Osborne N, physician, 207 Genesee, h cor Hoyt & Jefferson. Osmon Henry, carp, h 421 N Second. Osmond William, organ builder, h 108 S Chestnut. Otish Thomas, lab, h N Water near Garrisons mill. Otto August, clerk, bds German. Otto Frank, tobacconist, 301 Genesee, h German. Overton J, carp, h 312 Park. Owens Henry G, clerk, bds Washington. Owen J M, pattern maker, h 618 S Franklin. Owsten John G, engineer, h 401 Johnson. Hall & James, Ag'ts, Bliss Block, opposite Bancroft House. 108 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. ROOT & MIDLER, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Liquor Dealers Importers of Foreign Liquors, Brandies, Gins, Wines, Sfc. Pure Monongahela and Old Kentucky Bourbon Whisky. Agents for the sale of Pinkerton's Celebrated Wahoo and Oalasaya Bitters. ALSSO, AGENC3TTS FOE DOW'S Celebrated MONTREAL ALE. Dow's Ale bottled, for family use. fTO. 127, Tr'. WA.TERE:2 ST., EAST SAGINAW, MICH. DZTBROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EikST SAGINAW MRTECTORY0 109 P Packhem Charles, blacksmith, bds 214 N Cass. Paddock Alexander, lawyer, h N Water. Page C H, tinsmith, bds American Hotel. Page Joseph, carriage maker, bds Warren. Page Lewis L, (Nelty & P), bds 636 Hoyt. Page Mrs Carrie A, saleswoman, bds Everett House, Palnt Christ, mason, h 119 N Warren. Palm Frederick, carp, h 124 N Warren. Palmer James, cooper, bds 423 Tuscola. Palmer P, teamster, h 122 N Franklin. Panitzsch Edward, furrier, h 507 Lapeer. Panitzsch Mrs Ernstina, dressmaker, h 507 Lapeer. Parquet Joseph, saloon, 217 5 Water. PARET REV WM, rector St P's E Church, h 306 S Jefferseln. Parker William, teamster, bds 720 N Franklin. Parkhust Curtis, clerk, bds 132 N Washington. Park Dexter, book keeper, h 503 S Water Parks Edwin, tinsmith, h 610 S Webster. Parlim Mrs Mary E, physician, bds 101 S Jefferson. Parsons Augustus, carriage maker, h 1206 Mason. Parsons William, builder, h 813 Emerson. Parth Francis, Printer, bds 207 Tuscola. Partridge A, lab, h 306 Wells. Passolt Henry, potash manuf, h 1224 S Washington. Patte Henry, lab, h 207 S Fourth. Patterson Francis, carp, bds 901 S Jefferson. Patterson Wnn, clerk, bds Sherman House. Paull E H, Receiving Teller Merchant's National Bank, bds Bancroft. Paull William, lab, bds Saginaw Valley House. Pearson C G, ship carp, bds Monitor House. Pearson James, teamster, h 119 Cornelia. Pearson James, h 701 Carroll. Peck Benjamin, teamster, h 306 N Third. Peer James, blacksmith, h 618 S Warren. Pelton Daniel, clerk, h 219 S Fourth. Pendergast G, painter, bds 120 N Jefferson. Pendergast John A, painter, 105 S Cass, h 120 N Jefferson. Pendle George, brick layer, bds 214 S Washington. Pendle Henry, brick layer, bds 214 S Washington. Penfield E P & H L, dry goods, ]06 Genesee. Penfield, E P, (E P & H L P), h 415 N Washington. Penfield IH L, (E P & H L P), bds 423 N Washington. Penny Aaron R, salt manuf, h 422 S Jefferson. Perkins Daniel, (P & Fox), bds 608 N Washington. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Bock, 2d floor T -1 A 1W F-SST SAGZ114AW DIREThFORY'EAST SAGINAW, MICH., 31ANUFAC~TIVRE1IS OF rL]4 Gang, Circular and Mulay Saw Mills, OF MOST IMPROVED STYLE, Tools and Fixtures for Salt Manufacturers, Steam'Boats,&. All kinds of Iron and Brass Castings made to order. 'Wrought Iron Forging, Jobbing and Repairing done in the best manner. Also, Dressing Lumber, and Manufacturing Flooring and Siding to order. J, H. LUILL7 GEO. MORRLIS. DEALER IN PARTICULARLY PINE LANDS. I have large tracts of Pine Land on the Cass, Pine, Tob~acco, Cedar, Tittabawassee, Swan, Sauble and Devil Rivers; also, on Cheboygan and Thunder Bay, which I will sell at moderate rates. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. gDJ=HALL & JAMES, General Insurance Agents, EA9T SAGINA'W bIRECTOR'!.il ill IPERI(IS & FOX, (Ti W P & L II F), Insnrance Agent;s, 101 Genesee. Perry Charles C, lumber inspector, h 115 N Third, Perry C N, lumber inspector, k 609 S Water. Perry Peter, lab, bds 720 N Franklin. Perry William, teamster, Ih 120 N Fourth. P'eters Charles, Printer, bds 202 N Franklin. Peters Charles, lab, h 405 Johnson. Peters William, lab, h ~216 S Webster. Peterson Charles, (cot'd) drayman, h 520 N Warren. Peterson Jerry, (eol'd) waiter Bancroft House. Pettibotie Mrs M A, (Bliss & P), 107 N Washington. Phillips A J, lumberman, h 606 S Webster. Pie William, lab, bds 324 N Fourth. Piler Charles, carriage maker, Ii 108 N Rockwell. PLinnett Mrs Catharine, h 303 James. Pioneer Engine House, J L Brown Foremnan, 401 S Water. iPLESSNER HENRY, agt Mt Hope Nurseries, 125 N Washington, h 807 Lapeer. Plessner Miss Ida, school teacher, bds 807 Lapeer. Plicker Johni, lab, h 401 James. Plicker Nicholas, clerk, h 401 James. Pollock William, blacksmith, h 612 5 Franklin. Ponschcen Henry, tailor, hi 1601 Johnson. Pool B F, (Stevens P & Co), h 318 N Cass. Porter William, lab, h 903 S Jefferson. Post Charles & Co, lantber dealers, 402 Genesee, -Post Daniel, lab, h N Water. Post office, 1) C Gage P M, 321 Genesee. -Post Samuel, clerk, h 307 S Jeffersonl. Post S N, machinist, h N Washington. Porterfeied T J, lumbermuan, bds Bancroft. Potter Benjamin, clerk, bds American Hotel. Potter H C, supt F & P M R R, h 1304 5 Jefferson. Powers E H1, lawyer, 207 Genesee, res Sag City. Prall David J, (P & Duncan), h 316 Park. Prall & Duncan, (D J P & D A Di), furniture manuf, 121 N Jefferson. Pratt H A, h 811 5 Jefferson. Pratt H1, carp, hi 316 Hayden. Pratt Homer,.bds 8 16 Hayden. Pratt Rollin, carp, bds 316 Hayden. Pratt Scott, engineer, bds 811 S Jefferson. Prengnetz John, lab, h 913 Tuscola. Proctor H R, jeweler, 125 Genesee, bds Bancroft House. Puckel William, carp, h 305 5 Webster. Purcell William, carp, h 305 S Webster. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. I12 E.ST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. Mamnufacturers and Wholesale and Retail DEALERS IN Custom Work and Repairing done to Order, in the neatest possible manner. Manufactory and Salesroom, No. 211, Everett Block, Genesee St. EAST SAGINAW, MICH. ]DEALERS IN Ready Made Clothing, Gents' Furnishing Goods, No. 204, Genesee Street, E.AST 8AG3Ifl'A.W, Ml'rCIC - Qj=BROWN & JAMES, Attorneys and Land Agents, EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. 113 Purryea Henry, lab, h 820 Lapeer. Purcing A C, engineer, h 225 Maple. Q Quelch John, porter, h Potter. Quinn O J, spile driver, h 607 S Washington. Quinn John, peddler, bds 412 German. R Rachel Joseph, carp, h 504 N Rockwell. Rademacher Frederick, machinist, bds Carroll. Rademacher H, machinist, h Carroll. Rahan Michael, lab, h 710 Miller. Ramsey Andrew, blacksmith, bds 625 N Franklin. Randall George, (R & Son), bds 416 S Jefferson. Randall Herman) (R & Son), h 416 S Jefferson. Randall James T, photographer, 325 Genesee, h 523 Fitzhugh. Randall & Son, (H & G R), blacksmiths, 109 Mason. Randolph Wm Henry, baker, h 212 N Washington. Rankin Austin L, h 613 S Jefferson. Rason Charles, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works Rathbone D G, clerk, bds 701 Fitzhugh. Raupp Nicholas jr, brewer, 123 N Warren, h same. Raupp Nicholas, sen, saloon, 124 N Jefferson. Raupp Timmas, butcher, bds 312 Genesee. Raymond Lewis, h 209 Miller. Reach' Charles, carp, h 704 Tuscola. Reardon John, Boarding House, 209 S Water. Reardon William, lab, 212 William. Redson Alexander, farmer, h S Washington, south of old coloney road. Redson Jonathan, farmer, h 1002 S Jefferson. Redson Mrs Margaret, h 708 Thompson. Reed John, machinist, bds Monitor House. Reetz August, saloon, h 116 S Fourth. Reeve D B, news dealer, 321 Genesee, h 412 S Washington. Reichle Anthony, carriage trimmer, h 425 CarrollReichelle Frederick, butcher, bds 105 Lapeer. Reigel & Bloedon, proprs Bellevue Hotel, 602 German. Reigel Gustav, (R & B), 602 German.. Reikenbach Henry, lab, h 402 Wadsworth. Renega F W, lab, h 1215 S Water. Reno Joseph, lab, bds 913 Hoyt. Rescue Engine House, 316 German. Reynolds S J, (Shaw, R & Co), h 525 N Franklin. Reynolds Robert, lab, h N Washington, near E Sag salt works. 101 and 103, S. Washington Street, Bliss Block, 2d floor. Nt 114 EAST SAGINAW DIRECTORY. WIGGINS & CLARK,?stt'cgat % nlm:rir1uzt 4,4 Home Insurance Co., New Havon, Conn., assotts, $1,300,000 Putnam " I artford, " " 575,000 Manhattan Insurance Co., New York, - - 1,000,000 North American Insurance Co., New York, - - 775,00 No. 102, Court Street, SAGINAW CITY, MICH. ADVE11TISE)LENTS. Northern Central Rai Road OF A2 TI Wco111 H rrrn BUFFALO 3-Tr~MYTO Baltimore and Washington. This Company having leased the roadl from CANANDAIGUA to ELMIRA, N. Y., and having altered the guage to conform. with theirs; are Low running their cars directly through from Canandaigua to Baltimore, Without chai-,g, making connections with trains on the N. Y. CEINTRAL fromi BUFFALO. MAost splendidly furnished and luxurious sleeping cars attached to all night trains.,:?rPassengers taking this route to WASHINGTON will save many hours in time and a number of miles travel. k:~-~Tickets can be procured at all the principal Railway Offices, and Baggage checked through. J. N. DUBARRY, Gen'1 Sup't, llarrisburgh, Pa. J. A. REDFIELD, Ass't Gen'l Sup't, Elmira, N. Y. A DTBFRTISEMlWTS. J'. A - -IT3 H.TDSOI, DEALER IN Ga15rpetiaXg lfilcog ths No. 201, North Water St. Rittar's Blok, cor. of Franklin, O TOAGTOAW ct ornTr Third and wator a'ste, "4i% a4 h c 'CTr&MI CRO 0No. 209, Genosee Street, 3gASP SA*IIJAWW A. DANJ - - PRQOPRIETON CornQr Third *ad Water BtettS, & cat rr9 rcu. / 7,/ tCj i '.1 - - i I ),,I ^JC' ^UA` j,.= —= 4 i '">.!, Rho. 10,7, jSw th WYeitfr Streetj, j < i- - = ~~Y CI;~, la t l~&~~. ~j; This Hotel is to rent, and will be completed in July, for terms apply to W. McEwAN, Bay City.!- Ad- X - - __ _ -L~;.~:....II.l.,,_-_,- I._,.,_ I I I1~, ~ r i I, J i h I IIII1~~ l ~)iwn, lS 4 N — Elpdar l.Jfledl, it;I. _ L ' _ L1 ( L i.L. L ^,,Fy/ 6 '^^, ' I 4 1;'. i 1\ 'I i P, pe d, 1 4 I,- lit'?.\, '';: lI ] III p ( |,. No. 219, Genesee, Corner of Franklin Street, i K, t. 1'i'; 1 EAST SAGINAW, MICH. I/ * *, SMITH & CROUSE, PROPRIETORS. I I Choice Location-Ample Accommodation for - Guests.?^ ]t -~ ' * 1 —^ _-i rt ---_,. 3.. 1 L^, L""^""!;' '' --- -L ^lg fe if*W_ w es.91!_ I:~; tt ' 8;3 * ';j-"~r~-Ir IYL; {