REVISED STATUTES oI IHE UN:ITED STATES RELAT'ING TO THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND POST ROADS. PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS, 1873-'74; TOGETHER WVIT1'IhI T HE PUBLIC TREATIES IN FORCE ON THE FIRST DAY OF DECEMBER, 1873. EDITED, PRINTED, AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS, AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SECRETARY OF STATEWASHINGTONGOVERNMENT PRIINTING OFFICE, 1 8 75. o UNTITED STATES OF AMERICA, D)EPARTMENT OF STATE. Whereals, by seetion 2 of ain act entitled "An act providing for publication of the 3Revised Statutes and -the laws of thle United Sates"' approved June 20, 1874, it is provided. as follows, viz: " Sue. 2. That th;e Secretary of Stsate is hereby cha-rged with the duty of causing to be. prepared for p-rinting, publieation, and distribution, the Revised Statutes of the United States enacted at thlis present session of Co-ngress; that he shall cause to be completed the head-notes of the several. titles and chapters, and the marginal notes referring to the statutes fro' which each section was compiled and repealed by said revision, and references to the decisions of the cour'ts of the, United States explaining or expounding th-le salme, and suclh decisions of State courts as he may deem expedient, with a full and. conmplete index to t he same. And when the samen shall be completed, the said Secretary shall duly certify the samne under the seal of the United States, and when printed alnd promunilgaited as hereinafter provided, the printed volumes shall be legal evidence of the laws and treaties therein contained in a,ll thie conarts of the United States and of the several St. ates and Territories;" And whereas, by section 3 of said act-, it is further provided that "the revision of tlle statutes relating to the District of olnumbia, to post roads, and the public treaties in; force on the first day of December, one, thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, Awith a suitable index to each, shall be published in a separate volume, and entitled and labeled IR evised Staitutes relati ng to )District of Coltumbia, and Post Roads. Public Treaties;'" And whereas, by section 1 of an,ct: entitled "'An act providing for the authenticatiolt of the Revised Sta.tutes of thlre United States and for preserving the originals of all lawns in the Department of State,"'approved the 28th day of Decemaber, 1874, it is provided " that the cerBficalte to the pIrinted volnme of the'Revised Stat, utes of the United States required by said section 2 of the act of June 20, 1874, shall be made by the Secretary of State under the seal of the Department of State:" Now, therefore, I, Hamllilton Fish, Secretary of State, do hereby certify that the following are the Revised Statttes relatilg to thel istrict of Columbia and to Post Roads, as enacted by Congress on the 22d day of June, 1874, and P 42l| ]t.,W,, the Public Treaties in force on the first day of Decem-. t' i4 ber, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, pre} "pared, printed, and published according to the provisions K y of the said ffst-mentioned act of June 20, 1874. In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my nlame and caused the seal of the Department of State to be a.ffixed. Done at the city of Washington this 28th daT of June, A. D. 1875, a.nd of the Independence of the United States of America the ninety-ninth. HAMILTON FISH. oAt -I-E UNfTE.D $ TATE'i RELATING TO TIIE' DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS, 1 873- 74. EDITED, PRINTED, AND PTJBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS, AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. WA S I INGTON: GOVERNEN E R T PRI NTING O FFICE. 1875, TABLE OF CONTE T11S. Chapter. Page. 1. Organization aud government - w.- - - --—. o r- - oo ec- -ooooo1-10 2. Eleciztions ~dgvrmn............................................................ — 10-10 2. Elections -.1. r - - o o -- eo O O O D o e o o o - o o - - O - _ _ 0 10-12 3. Appropriation and disbursement of public money.. -.- -D - - -_ -_- - - -e -o - o o - - - - 1o, 13 4. Indebtedness o..... o — 13-15 5. Valuations, assessments, and taxation -- - - - - -15-17 6. Collection of taxes -....................................................................... 17-21 7. Fire department... -. oo o -o. oo o v.o - -- ooo u...... o o -.... 22 8. Water-selrvice..................................................-... -..... 2-25 9. Regulation of streets, avenues, reservations, &c....... -.... 25-27 10. lRegulation of contracts and accounts for government buildings and public works........... 7,'28 11. Highways, roads, and bridges..-........................................................... 28-31 12. Public schools -....- -. o - -..w -v -. -.. -.. - - - -Z —. -... - —. 31-38 13. Metropolitan police... —........o.- - _oo_-_ ooooo _ _o...... 38-51 14. Conveyance of real estate............................................................. 51-55 15. Recorder of deeds - 56 16. Surveyor 56-58 17. Limited partnerships —. -_58-61 18. General incorporation........................................- - 6,2-81 19. Landlord and tenant...................................................................-.. 81-83 20. Mechanics' liens....e~~~~~~~.~~ - - ~. -.* -. — *- OD*O83-.85 21. Interest and usury....................................................................... 85 22. Marriage and divorce.................................................................... 86-89 23. The judiciary..._.......... -.......... -. -w. 89-100 24. Jurors... - —. -- - —. - - - - - - -. - - -. - — ~ - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - - - - - 10010 24. Jurors__.......................................... 100-102 25. Witnesses............................................. 103-105 26. Certain officers of courts- --—. — - - - _ o - - - - ------- 105-108 27. Register of wills.. -....-..... -........... -........... -108-110 28. Guardian and ward............-. *0-... — - 110-114 29. Executors and administrators ---------—. —--—.. - —.-. —---------- -. —--- ---------- 114 30. Notaries public.-.....- -..-..... — -.....e_ - -OOO.O 115,116 31. Justices of the peace -. ——...- -...... — - - -. -- -—. 0 ---------------— o......oo 116-120 32. Constables....... -......-...................... -- 121 33. Police court - I- _ * 121-124 34. The jail. -..................................... O.......o.oO... 124-126 35. Penitentiary. — 126-130 36. Crimes and offenses — 131-138 37. Militia. -........................................... 138-149 F 0 R T Y-T -TI- I IR D CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HIELD AT TI-IE CITY OF WASHINGTON, IN THE DISTRICT OF CO()LUMBIA ON MONDA.Y, THE F:IRST DAY OF DECEMBER, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THREE. To revise and consolidafe thie statutes of tlhea United States, general and permanent in their nature, relating to the District of Columbia, in force on the first day of December, in the year of our Lord one thouttsand eight hundred and seventythree. CHAPTER ONE. ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNM}ENT. Sec. Sec. 1. Territorial area. 32. Forfeiture of office for refusal to take 2.1 A body-corporate for municipal pul- oath. poses; powers and limitations. 33. Penalty for false swearing. 3. Governor, appointment and term of 34. Quorum of legislative assembly. office. 35. House to determine qualifications of 4. Qualifications. its members. 5. Salary, how payable. 36. Rules of each house and choice of offi6. Powers and duties. cers. 7. Veto power. 37. Opening of council. 8. Passage of bills over governor's veto. 38. Opening of house. 9. Vote, how taken. 39. Expulsion of members. 10. Bills not returned within ten days. 40. Punishment of non-members for con11. Secretary, appointment, qualifications, tempt. and term of office. 41. Adjournment. 12. Salary, how payable. 42. Yeas and nays. 13. Duties of secretary. 4:3. Where bills may originate. 14. When to act as governor. 44. Vote on final passage. 15. Provision in case of vacancy in offic's 45. Bills to be read at large. of both governor and secretary. 46. Subject of act to be embraced in title. 16. Legislative assembly. 47. Restrictions upon legislation in appro17. Council; number and qualifications priation bills. of members. 48. When acts take effect; emergency 18. Appointment and term of office. clause. 19. House of delegates; term of service 49. Extent and limitations of the legislaavnd qualifications of members. five power. 20. Apportionment of council and delegate 50. All acts subject to repeal, &c., by Condistricts. gress. 21. Formation of districts, how prescribed. 51. Extra allowances to officers, contract22. Salaries of members of legislative as- ors, &c., prohibited. sembly. 52. Unauthorized contracts void. 23. Additional allowance to presiding offi- 53. District not to give its credit, &c., to cers.. corporations or individuals. 24. Officers of legislative assembly. 54. Special laws; in what cases shall not 25. Salaries. be passed. 26. Time of meeting of legislative assecr- 55. Legislative assembly not to release bly. indebtedness to the District. 27. Length of sessions. 56. Nor to establish banks of circulation 28. Limitation of sessions. or authorize issue of currency. 29. Restrictions upon members. 57. Legislative assembly not to pass cer30. United States officers prohibited from tain laws. being members. 58. Right of suffrage not to be abridged. 31. Oath of members. 59. Free schools. R S II- 1 2 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Sec. Sec. 60. Paupers. 81. Restrictions upon contracts. 61. Practice and jurisdiction of courts. 82. Contracts in which members of board 62. Justices of the peace and notaries pub- are interested void. lic. 83. Restrictions upon making contracts or 63. Power to impose additional duties on incurring liabilities on account of certain United States officers. United States. 64. Ministerial officers. 84. Annual report, how made and to whom 65. Creation of corporations by general transmitted. law. 85. Oath of District officers. 66. Townships. 86. Disqualfication for crime. 67. Roa.ds and bridges. 87. Disbursing officers to give security. 68. Payment of debts of old corporations. 8.. Salaries of District officers, how paid. 69. Delegate to Congress may be elected. 89. Judicial courts, how continued. 70. Qualifications. 90. Register of wills, recorder of deeds, 71. Rights and Privileges. attorney, and marshal. 72. Board of health; appointment, powers, 91. Laws and ordinances remaining in and duties. force. 73. Salaries. 92. Certain laws of Maryland continued 74. Board of public works. in force. 75. Term of office. 93. Laws of United States not locally in76. Salaries. applicable. 77. General powers. 94. Cities of Washington and Georgetown 78. Disbursement of moneys. to continue to be so known. 79. To mako building regulations subject 95. Charters continued for certain purto supervision of legislative assem- poses. bly. 96. District the successor of old corpora80. Contracts to be in writing and copies tions. filed in office of secretary of the District. IBe it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United Territorial area. States of America in Congress assembled, That the District of Columbia is that portion of the territory of the United States ceded by the State 16 July, 1790, of Maryland for the permanent seat of government of the United States. c. 28, s. l, v. 1,p. including the river Potomac in its course through the District, and the.130. islands therein. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 1795.] 27 Feb., 1801, c. 15, s. 2,v. 2,p.105. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 1,v. 16, p. 419. United States vs. Hamnmond, 1 Cranch, C. C., 15; Kendall vs. United States, 12 Peters, 524; Reily vs. Lamar, 2 Cranch, 343; Gordon vs. Lindo, 1 Craunc, C. C., 588; Bank of Alexandria vs. Dyer, 14 Peters, 141; United States vs. Simms, 1 Cranch, 252; Fenwick vs. Sears's Administrator, 1 Cranch, 259; Stelle vs. Carroll, 12 Peters, 201; Loughborough vs. Blake, 5 Wheaton, 317; Cohens vs. Virginia, 6 Wheaton, 424; HIepburn and Dundas vs. Ellzey, 2 Craneh, 444; Mutual Assurance Societyvs. Watts' Executor, 1 Wheaton, 279; Westcott's Lessee vs. Inhabitants, 1 Peters, C. C., 45; O'Neall's Lessee vs. Brown, 1 Peters, C. C., 69; United States vs. Watkins, 3 Peters, C. C., 441. The District cre- SEC. 2. The District is created a government by the name of the Disated a governimelt trict of Columbia, by which name it is constituted a body-corpdrate for and constituted a body corporate for municipal purposes, and may contract and be contracted with, sue and municipal p nr- be sued, plead and be impleaded, have a seal, and exercise all other poses. powers of a municipal corporation not inconsistent with the Constitution 21 Feb., 1871, c. and laws of the United States and the provisions of this title. 62, s. 1, v. 16, p. 419. THE GOVEPRNOl. Govern or, a p- SEC. 3. The executive power is vested in a governor, who shall be pointm e n t, a n d appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and who shall hold office for four years, and until his successor Ibid., s.'2. is appointed and qualified. Qualifications. SEC. 4. The governor shall be a citizen of the District, and shall have Ibid. resided therein twelve months before his appointment, and shall have the qualifications of an elector. Salary, how pay- SEC. 5. The governor shall receive an annual salary of three thousand dollars, payalle quarter-yearly from the date of his appointment, at the Ibidl., s. 32, p. 425. Treasury of the United States; but no payment shall be made until he shall have entered upon the duties of his office. Powers and du- SEC. 6. The governor may grant pardons and respite for offenses *aties._ _ against the laws of the District enacted by the legislative assembly Ibid., s. 2, p. 419. thereof. He shall commission all officers elected or appointed under the ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT. 3 laws of the District so enacted, and shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. SEc. 7. Every bill which passes the council and house of delegates Veto power. shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to'the governor; if he ap- 21 Feb., 1871, c. prove, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it with his objections 62, v. 16, s. 3, p. 420. to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large on the journal, and proceed to reconsider it. SEC. 8. If, after reconsideration, two-thirds of all the members ap- Passage of bills pointed or elected to said house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be over governor's sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall veto. likewise be reconsidered; and if approved by two-thirds of all the meml- Ibid. bers appointed or elected to that house, it shall become a law. SEc. 9. In all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined Vote, how taken. by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against Ibid. the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. SEC. 10. If any bill shall not be returned by the governor within ten Bills not returndays, Sundays excepted, after it shall have been presented to him,. the ed within ten days. same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the leg- Ibid. islative assembly by adjournment prevent its return; in which case it shall not be, a law. THIE SECRETARY. SEC. 11. There shall be appointed by the President, by and with the Secretary, a padvice and consent of the Senate, a secretary of the District, who shall pointment, qualifireside therein, and possess the qualifications of an elector, and who shall offfi and tornc hold office for four years, and until his successor is appointed and quali- bid., 4 fled. SEC. 12. The secretary shall receive an annual salary of two thousand Salary, how paydollars, payable quarter-yearly from the date of his appointment, at the able. Treasury of the United States, but no payment shall be made until he Ibid., s. 32, p. 425. shall have entered upon the duties of his office. SEC. 13. The secretaryshall record and preserve all laws and pro- Duties of secrcceedings of the legislative assembly, and all the acts and proceedings tary. of the governor in his executive department; he shall transmit one copy Ibid., s. 4, p. 420. of the laws and journals of the legislative assembly within thirty days after the end of each session, and one copy of the executive proceedings and official correspondence semi-annually, on the first days of January and July in each year, to the President of the United States, and four copies of the laws to the President of the Senate, and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, for the use of Congress. SEC. 14. In case of the death, removal, resignation, disability, or When to act as absence from the District of the governor, the secretary shall execute governor. and perform all the powers and duties of the governor during such va- Ibid. cancy, disability, or absence, or until another governor shall be duly appointed and qualified to fill such vacancy. SEC. 15. In case the offices of governor and secretary shall both be- Provision in come vacant, the powers, duties, and emoluments of the office of gov- case of vacancy in ernor shall devolve upon the presiding officer of the council, and in case affides of governor that office shall also be vacant, upon the presiding officer of the house of delegates, until the office shall be filled by a new appointment. bid. THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. SEC. 16. The legislative power is vested in a legislative assembly, Legislative aswhich shall consist of a council and house of delegates. sembly. Ibid., s. 5. SEC. 17. The council shall consist of eleven members, of whom two Council: numshall be residents of Georgetown, and two residents of the District out- ber and qulalficaside of Washington and Georgetown, and they shall have the qualifica- tions of riembers. tions of voters and shall reside in and be inhabitants of the districts Ibid. from which they are appointed. [See ~ 86.] 4 DISTRICT OF COLUM3IBIA. Appo in t m e n t SEC. 18. Members of the council shall be appointed by the President, and term of office. by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for the term of two 21 Feb., 1871, c. years, in such manner.that five shall be appointed one year, six the suc62, s. 5, v. 16, p. 420. ceeding year, and so on alternately. House of dole- SEC. 19. The house of delegates shall consist of twenty-two mem1bers, gates: term of whose term of service shall continue one year. They shall have the service and qual- qualifications of voters, and reside in and be inhabitants of the districts ifications of memIficrtions of mm from which they are elected. [see ~ s6.1 Ibid. Apportionm e n t SEC. 20. An apportionment shall be made as nearly equal as practiof council and del- cable, into eleven districts, for the appointment of the council, and into egate districts, twenty-two districts for the election of delegates, giving to each section Ibid. of the District representation in the ratio of its population as nearly as may be. Formation of dis- SEC. 21. The formation of districts for members of the council and tricts, how- pre- house of delegates shall be prescribed by law. scribed. Ibid., p. 421. Salaries of mem- SEC. 22. Members of the legislative assembly shall be entitled to bers of the legisla- receive four dollars each per day, during their actual attendance at the tive assembly. session thereof. Ibid., s. 32, p. 425. Addlitional allow- SEC. 23. An additional allowance of four dollars per day shall be paid ance to the presid- to the presiding officer of each house for each day he shall so preside. ing officers. Ibid. Officers of the SEC.. 24. A chief clerk, one assistant clerk, one engrossing and one legislative assem- enrolling clerk, and a sergeant-at-arms, may be chosen for each house. bly. Ibid. Salaries. SEC. 25. The chief clerk shall receive four dollars per clay, and the other 426. officers authorized by the preceding section three dollars per day, durIbid.,. 426. ing the session of the legislative assembly. Time of meeting. SEC. 26. The day of the commencement of the regular sessions of the Ibid., s. 5, p. 421. legislative assembly shall be prescribed by lavw. Length of ses- SEC. 27. No session of the legislative assembly in any one year shall sions. exceed the term of sixty days. Ibid. Limitation ofscs- SEC. 28. There shall be but one session of the legislative assembly sions. annually, nnless, on an extraordinary occasion, the governor shall think Ibid., s. 32, p. 426. proper to call the legislative assembly together. R e st ri cti ons SEC. 29. ZNo member of the legislative assembly shall hold or be apupon members. pointed to any office which is created or the salary or emoluments of Ibid., s. 19, p. 423. which is increased while he is a member, during the term for which he is appointed or elected, and for one year after the expiration of such term. United States SEC. 30. No person holding any office of trust or profit under the officers prohibited Government of the United States shall be a member of the legislative firomn being mem- assembly. bcrs. Ibid. th of m SElC. 31. Members of the legislative assembly, before they enter upon Oath of members. their official duties, shall take and subscribe the following oath or affirmnation: " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the Constitnbi2 8, p. 21. tion of the United States, and will faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which I am about to enter; and that I have not knowingly or intentionally paid or contributed anything, or made any promise in the nature of a bribe, to directly or indirectly influence any vote at the election at which I was chosen to fill the said office, and have not accepted, nor will I accept, or receive, directly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing for any vote or influence that I may give or withhold on any bill, resolution, or appropriation, or for any other official act." ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT. 5 SEC. 32. Any member of the legislative assembly who refuses to take Forfeiture of ofthe oath prescribed in the preceding section shall forfeit his office. flee for refusal to take oath. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 9, v. 16, p. 421. SEC. 33. Every person who shall be convicted of having sworn falsely Penalty for false to or of violating the oath prescribed in section thirty-one, shall forfeit his swearing. office and be disqualified thereafter from holding any office of profit or Ibid. trust in the district, and shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and upon conviction shall be punished accordingly. SEC. 34. A majority of the legislative assembly appointed or elected Quorum of legisto each house shall constitute a quorum. lative assembly. Ibidl., s. 10, p. 422. SEC. 35. The house of delegates shall be the judge of the election House to determine qualifications returns and qualifications of its members. mine qualifications of its members. Ibid. SEC. 36. Each house shall determine the rules of its proceedings, and Rules of each shall choose its own officers. house and choice of officers. Ibid. SEC. 37. The governor shall call the council to order at the opening Opening of counof each new assembly. cil. Ibid. SEC. 38. The secretary of the District shall call thehouse of delegates Opening ofhouse. to order at the opening of each new assembly, and shall preside over it Ibid. until a temporary presiding officer shall have been chosen and shall bhave taken his seat. SEC. 39. No member shall be expelled by either house except by a Expulsion of vote of two-thirds of all the members appointed or elected to that members. house. Ibid. SEC. 40. Each house may punish by imprisonment any person not a Punishment of member who shall be guilty of disrespect to the house by disorderly or non-members for contempt. contemptuous behavior in its presence;, but no such imprisonment shall extend beyond twenty-four hours at one time. Ibid. SEC. 41. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn Adjournment. for more than two days, or to any other place than that in which such Ibid. house shall be sitting. SEC. 42. At the request of any member the yeas and nays shall be Yeas and nays. taken upon any question and entered upon the journal. Ibid. SEC. 43. Bills may originate in either house, but may be altered, Where bills may amended, or rejected by the other. originate. Ibid., s. 11. SEC. 44. On the final passage of all bills the vote shall be by yeas Vote on final and nays upon each bill separately, and shall be entered upon the jour- passage. nal, and no bill shall become a law without the concurrence of a ma- Ibid. jority of the members elected to each house. SEC. 45. Every bill shall be read at large on three different days in Bills to be read each house. at large. Ibid., s. 12. SEC. 46. No act shall embrace more than one subject, and that shall Subject of act to be expressed in its title; but if any subject shall be embraced in an be embraced in act which shall not be expressed in the title, such act shall be void title. only as to so much thereof as shall not be so expressed. Ibid. SEc. 47. No bill making appropriations for the pay or salaries of the Restrictions upon officers of the District government shall contain any provisions on any legislation in appropriation bills. other subject. SEC. 48. No act of the legislative assembly shall take effect until Ibid.,hen acs take thirty days after its passage, unless, in case of emergency, which effect. Emergency emergency shall be expressed in the preamble or body of the act, the clause. legislative assembly shall, by a vote of two-thirds of all the members Ibid., s. 12. appointed or elected to each house, otherwise direct. SEC. 49. The legislative power of the District shall extend to all Extent and limrightful subjects of legislation within the District, consistent with the itation of legislaConstitution of the United States and the provisions of this title, sub- ive power. ject to all the restrictions and limitations imposed upon States by the Ibid.,. 18,p. 423. tenth section of the first article of the Constitution of the United States. (G DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. All acts subject SEC. 50. All aC's of the legislastive assembly shall at:all times be subto repeal, &c., by ject to repeal or modification by the Congress of the United States, and Congress. nothing shall be construed to deprive Congrcss of the power of legisla21 Feb., 1871, c. tion over the District in as ample manner as if this chapter had not 62, s. 18,v. 16,p. 423. been enacted. Extra allowance SEC. 51. The legislative assembly shall never grant or authorize extra to officers or con- compensation, fee, or allowance to any public officer, agent, servant, or hibit &Ced. 1 contractor, after service has been itendered or a contract made. Ibid., s. 15, p. 423. IJhautih o r iz e d SEC. 52. The legislative assembly shall never authorize the payment contracts void. of any claimn, or part thereof, created against the District under any Ibid. contract or agreement made without express authority of law; and all such unauthorized agreements or contracts shall be null and void. District not to SEC. 53. The District shall never pay, assume, or become responsigive its credit, &c., ble for the debts or liabilities of, or in anyi manner give, loan, or extend to corporations or individuals. its credit to, or in aid of, any public or other corporation, association, or ibid., s. 16. individual. Special laws; in SEC. 54. The legislative assembly shall not pass special laws in any of whbat cases shall the following cases, that is to say: not Ibe passed. First. For granting divorces; Ibid., s. 17. Second. Regulating the practice in courts of justice; Third. Regulating the jurisdiction or duties of justices of the peace or constables; Fourth. Providing for changes of venue in civil or criminal cases, or swearing and impaneling jurors; Fifth. Remitting fines, penalties, or forfeitures; Sixth. The sale or mortgage of real estate belonging to minors or others under disability; Seventh. Changing the law of descent; Eighth. Increasing or decreasing the fees of public officers during the term for which such officers are elected or appointed; Ninth. Granting to any corporation, association, or individual any special or exclusive privilege, immunity, or franchise whatsoever. Legislative as- SEC. 55. The legislative assembly shall have no power to release or sembly not to re- extinguish, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liability, or obligation lease indebtedness to the District,. of any corporation or individual to the District or to any municipal I bid. corporation therein. Nor to establish 2SEC. 56. The legislative assembly shall have no power to establish banks of circulation or authorize any bank of circulation, nor to authorize any company or individual to issue of currency. issue notes for circulation as money or currency. Ibid. Legislative as- SEC. 57. The legislative assembly shall not have power to pass any cetaily not to pass ex post facto law;. Nor law impairing the obligation of contracts; ibkid., s. 20. Nor to tax the property of the United States; Nor to tax the lands or other property of non-residents higher than the lands or other property of residents. Right of suffrage SEC. 58. The legislative assembly shall have no right to abridge or not to be abridged. limit the right of suffrage. Ibid., s. 7, p. 421. Free schools to SEC. 59. It shall be the duty of the legislative assembly to maintain be maintained. a system of free schools for the education of the youth of the District. Ibid. s.23, p. 424. Paupers. SEC. 60. The legislative assembly shall define by law who shall be entitled to relief as paupers, and shall provide by law for the support Ibid., s. 29,. 425. and maintenance of such paupers, and for that, purpose shall raise the money necessary by taxation. Practice and ju- SEC. 61. The legislative assembly shall have power to pass laws modrisdiction of judi- ifying the practice of the judicial courts of the District, and conferring cial courts. suchI additional jurisdiction as may be necessary to the due execution Ibid., s.25,p. 424. and enforcement of the laws of the District. ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT. 7 SEC. 62. The legislative assembly shall have power to provide for the Justices of the appointment of as many justices of the peace and notaries public for the peace, Ad notaries District as may be deemed necessary, to define their jurisdiction, and public.1871. c. prescribe their duties..62, s. 24,v.16, p. 4'24. SEC. 63. The legislative assembly shall have power to impose stch Power to impose additional duties upon the register of wills, recorder of deeds, United additional duties States attorney, and United States marshal for the District, respectively, upon c erta i n United States offias may be necessary to the due enforcement of the laws of the District. cers. Ibid., s. 27, p. 425. SEC. 64. The legislative assembly shall have power to provide by law Ministerial offifor the election or appointment of such ministerial officers as may be cers. deemed necessary to carry into effect the laws of the District, to pre- Ibid., s. 30, p. 425. scribe their duties, their terms of office, and the rate and manner of their compensation. SEC. 65. The legislative assembly shall have power to create by Creation of corgeneral law, modify, repeal, or amend, within the District, corporations poral ons by general law. aggregate for religious, charitable, educational, industrial, or commercial purposes, and to define their powers and liabilities; but the powers Ibid. s.28,p. 425. of corporations so created shall be limited to the District. SEC. 66. The legislative assembly shall have power to divide that por- Townships. tion of the District not included in the limits of Washington or George- Ibid., s. 6, p. 421. town into townships, not exceeding three, and create township officers, and prescribe the duties thereof. [See ~ 102.1 SEC. 67. The legislative assembly may make appropriations for the Roads and bridges. repair of roads, or for the construction or repair of bridges within the Ibid., s.22,p. 424. District outside the limits of the cities of Washington and Georgetown. [See ~ 247.] SEC. 68. The legislative assembly shall have power to levy a special Payment of the tax upon property, except the property of the Government of the United debts rof the old States, within the city of Washington. for the payment of the debts of said city; and upon property, except the property of the Government of the Ibid., 40, p. 428. United States, within the limits of the city of Georgetown for the payment of the debts of said city; and upon property, except the property of the Government of the United States, within the District not included within the limits of either of said cities, to pay any debts owing by that portion of the District. DEL:EGATE TO CONGRESS. SEC. 69. A Delegate to the House of Representives of the United Delegate to Con-'States, to serve for the term of two years, may be elected by the voters gress may be electof the District qualified to elect members of the legislative assembly. ed. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 2011 et seq.] Ibid., s. 34, P. 426. SEC. 70. The Delegate to the House of Representatives shall be a cit- Qualifications. izen of the United States and of the District of Columbia, and shall have Ibid. the qualifications of a voter. SEC. 71. He shall be entitled to the same rights and privileges as are Rights and privexercised and enjoyed by the Delegates from the several Territories of ileges. the United States to the House of Representatives, and shall also be a Ibid. member of the Committee for the District of Columbia. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 1862.] BOARD OF HIEALTH. SEC. 72. There shall be appointed by the President, by and with the Board of health; advice and consent of the Senate, a board of health for the District, to appointmeut, pOwconsist of five persons, whose duty it shall be to declare what shall be ers, and duties. deemed nuisances injurious to health, and to provide for the removal Ibid., s. 26, pp. thereof; to male and enforce regulations to prevent domestic animals 424,425. from running at large in the cities of Washington and Georgetown; to Barnes vs. Dist. prevent the sale of unwholesome food in said cities; and to perform such of Col., Wash. Law other duties as shall be imposed upon said board by the legislative Rp.6. l assem3bly. [See~ 380.] 8 DISTRICT OF -COLUMBIA. Salaries. SEC. 73. The members of the board of health shall be paid a salary 17 Dec., 1872,. of two thousand dollars each, annually, but no salary shall be paid to 5, v. 17, P. 400; 8 any member of such board who shall hold any other Federal office. May, 1872, c. 140, s. 1, v. 17, p. 74; 3 Mar., 1873, c. 226, ] BOARD OF PUBLIC WVORKS. 1, v. 17, pp. 499, 500. Board of public SEC. 74. There shall be in the District a board of public works, to nent and qupalift- consist of the governor, wlo shall be president of the board; four percations of m em- sons, to be appointed by the President of the United States by and with bers. the advice and consent of the Senate, one of whom shall be a civil engi21 Feb., 1871, c. neer, and the others citizens and residents of the District, having the 62, s. 37, v. 16, pp. qualifications of an elector therein. One of said board shall be a citizen 426, 427. and resident of Georgetown; and one. of said board shall be a citizen and resident of the county outside of the cities of Washington and Georgetown. Term of office. SEC. 75. The members of the board of public works shall hold office Ibid. for the term of four years, unless sooner removed by the President of the United States. Salaries. SEC. 76. They shall be paid the sum of two thousand five hlundred Feb. 21, 1871, c. dollars each annually, but no salary shall be paid to the governor as a 62, ss. 37, 38, v. 16, member of the board of public works in addition to his salary as govp. 427; 20 Apr., ernor; nor shall any officer of the Armyappointed upon said board receive 1871, c. 21, s. 3, v. 17, c. 7; 8 May any increase of pay for such service; nor shall any person be entitled 1872, c. 140, s. 1, v to draw a salary as a member of said board who shall hold any other 17, p. 74; 3 Mair., Federal office, or who is paid a salary for the discharge of the duties of 1873, c. 226, s. 1, v. any other officer under the Government of the United States. 17, pp. 499,500. General powers. SEC. 77. The board of public works shall have entire control of and m- ake all regulations which they shall deem necessary for keeping in re21 Feb., ls71, C. pair the streets, avenues, alleys, and sewers of the city, and all other 4627. works which may be intrusted to their charge by the legislative assemBarnes vs. Dist. bly or Congress. [See ~~ 238-245.] of Col., Wash., Law Rep., v. 1, No. 32, p. 197. Disbursement of SEC. 78. They shall disburse upon their warrant all moneys appromoneys. priated by the United States, or thile District of Columbia, or collected Ibid. from property-holders, in pursuance of law, for the improvement of streets, avenues, alleys, and sewers, and roads and bridges. [see ~~ loi-118.] Bnilding-regTula SEC. 79. They shall make all necessary regulations respecting the tirons. construction of private buildings in the District, subject to the superIbicd. vision of the legislative assembly. Contracts to be SEC. 80. All contracts made by the board of public works shall be in in writing, and writing, and shall be signed by the parties making the same, and a copies retary off the copy thereof shall be filed in the office of the secretary of the District. District. [See ~ 52.] Ibid. Restrictions upon SEC. 81. The board of public works have no power to make contracts contracts. to bind said District to the payment of any sums of money except in Ibid. pursuance of appropriations made by law, and not until such appropriations shall have been made. [See ~~ 52, 112.1 Contracts in SEC. 82. All contracts made by the board of public works in which hic armembers of any member of the board shall be personally interested shall be void,'board are interest- -' m ed void. Payments and no payment shall be made thereon by the District or any officers on such contracts thereof. prohibited. Ibid. Restrictions upon SEC. 83. The board of public works are prohibited from incurring or making contracts contracting further liabilities on behalf of the United States in the or incurring iatbilof improvement of streets, avenues, and reservations beyond the amount the United States. of appropriations previously made by Congress, and from entering into ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT. 9 any contract toucling such improvements on behalf of the United 8sJan.,1873,. 18, States, except in pursuance of appropriations made by Congress. v. 17, pp.405,406. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 1813.] SEC. 84. On or before the first Monday in November of each year, the Annual report, board of public worlks shall submit to each branch of the legislative as- how and to whom made and transsembly a report of their transactions during the preceding year, and mitted tr also furnish duplicates of the same to the governor, to be by him laid before the President of the United States for transmission to the two 2 Feb., 1871, c ses of Congrss. 6, s. 37,v. 16, p. 427. Houses of Congress. GENERAL PROVISIONS OF OFFICERS. SEC. 85. The governor, secretary, and other officers, appointed pur- Oath of District suant to this Title, and all civil officers in the District shall, before they officers. act as such, respectively take and subscribe an oath or affirmation to Ibid.,s. 31, p. 425. support the Constitution of the United States, and faithfully to dis- Derr et al.vs. Lucharge the duties of their respective offices and the oath or affirma-. bey, Walsh. Law tion provided for by this section, shall be taken and subscribed, certified, Re.iv. 1, No. 0,. and recorded, in such manner and formL as may be prescribed by law. SEC. 86. No person convicted of bribery, perjury, or other infamous Disqualificati on crime, nor any person who has been or may be a collector or holder of for crime. public moneys, who shall not have accounted for and paid over, upon Ibid., s. 8, p. 421. final judgment, duily recovered according to law, all such moneys due from him, shall be eligible to the legislative assembly or to any office of profit or trust in the District. SEC. 87. All officers appointed by the President for the District, who, Disbnrsing offiby virtue of the provisions of any law of Congress, are required to give cers to give Sesecurity for moneys that may be intrusted to theim for disbursement, curity. shall give such security at such time and in such manner as the Secre- Ibid.,s. 3, p. 426. tary of the Treasury may prescribe. SEC. 88. All officers provided for in this Title who shall be appointed Sa&laries of Disby the President, shall be paid by the United States by appropriations trict oficers, how to be made by law; and all other officers of the District, provided for paid. by this Title, shall be paid by the I)istrict. Ibid., s. 3, p. 427. CERTAIN COUIJRTS, OFFICERS, AND POWERS CONTINUED. SEc. 89. The judicial' courts of the District remain as organized on Judicial courts, the twenty-first day of February, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, how continued. until abolished or changed by act of Congress. Ibid., s. 25, p. 424. SEC. 90. The offices and duties of register of wills, recorder of deeds, Register of wills, United States attorney, and United States marshal for the District, recorder of deeis, remain as under laws existing on the twenty-first day of February, ratt o rnhey, a d eighteen hundred and seventy-one, till modified by act of Congress. Ibid.,s. 27, p. 425. SEC. 91. All laws and ordinances of the dities of Washington and Laws and ordliGeorgetown, respectively, and of the levy court of the District of Column- tanceeofWgshing bia, not inconsistent -with this chapter, and except as modified or town and of the repealed by Congress or the legislative assembly of the District since levy court to rethe. first day of June, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, or until so main in force until, modified or repealed, remain in full force. Ibid, s. 40, p. 428. Mayor vs. Meigs, Wash. Law Rep., v. 1, No. 7, p. 25. SEC. 92. The laws of the State of Maryland not inconsistent with Certain laws of this Title, as the same existed on the twenty-seventh day of February, Maryland contineighteen hundred and one, except as since modified or repealed by ned in force. Congress or by authority thereof, or until so molified or repealed, 27 Feb., 1801, c. continue in force within the District. 15, s. 1, v., pp. 103, 104. Forrest vs. Hamson, 1 Cranch, C. C., 12; Ray vs. Law, 1 Cranch, C. C., 349; Mason's Administrators vs. Lawrason & Smoot, 1 Cranch, C. C., 190. SEC. 93. The Constitution and all the laws of the United States, Laws of United 10 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. States not locally which are not locally inapplicable, shall have the same force and effect inapplicable. within the District as elsewlhere within the Unit-ed States. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 34, v. 16, p. 426. Former cities of SEC. 94. That portion of the District included within the limits of the Washington an d city of Washington, as the same existed on the twenty-first day of FebGeorgetown to continue to be known ruary, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, shall continue to be known as such. as the city of Washington, and that portion of the District included Ibid.,s. 40, p. 428. within the limits of the city of Georgetown, as the same existed at that date, shall continue to be known as the city of Georgetown. CharterofWash.- SEC. 95. The charters of the cities of Washington and Georgetown in ton and George- severally, and the powers of the levy court of the D)istrict of Columbia, town, and powers of levy court con- shall be continued for the following purposes, to wit: tinned for certain First. For the collection of all sums of money due to said cities repurposes. spectively, or to the levy court; Ibid. Second. For the enforcement of all contracts made by said cities, respectively, or by the levy court, and all taxes assessed prior to the twenty-first day of February, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, remaining unpaid; Third. For the collection of all just claims against said cities, respectively, or against the levy court; Fourth. For the enforcement of all legal contracts against said cities, respectively, or against the levy court, until the affairs of said cities, respectively, and of the levy court, shall have been fully closed; And no suit in favor of or against said corporations, or either of them, shall abate by reason of the passage of the act "to provide a government for the District of Columbia," approved February 21, 1871, but thie same shall be prosecuted to final judgment as if said act had not been passed. District of Co- SEC. 96. The District of Columbia is the successor of the corporations lumbiathe success- of Washington and Georgetown, and all the property of said corporaor of the former corporations. tions, and of the county of Washington, is vested in the District of Columbia. [see ~~ 313-316.] Ibid., s. 41, pp. 428, 429. CHAPTER TWO. ELECTIONS. Sec. Sec. 97. Elections, how to be held and con- 104. Penalty for interrupting a voter. ducted. 105. Illegal voting and illegal conduct at 98. Qualifications of voters; eligibility to elections; penalty. office. 106. Voters to have right of action when 99. Election of Delegate to Congress. vote is unlawfully refused. 100. Election of members of house of del- 107. Bribing voters; penalty. egates. 108. Voters accepting bribes; penalty. 101. New election, when. 109. Certain persons not to be officers of 102. Election of township officers. election. 103. Penalty for using personal violence upon an elector. Elections, how to SEC. 97. The time, place, and manner of holding and conducting all be held and con- elections by the people shall be prescribed by law. ducted. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, ss. 5, 34, v. 16, pp. 421, 4'26. Qualifications of SEC. 98. All male citizens of the United States above the age of voters; eligibility twenty-one years, except such as are non compos, and persons convicted of to office. infamous crimes who have been actual residents of the District for 8 Jan., 1867, c. 6, twelve months prior to any election therein, shall be entitled to vote at s. 1, v. 14, p. 375. such election, in the election district or precinct in wvhich they shall then 18 Mar., 1869, c. 3, v. 16, p. 3. respectively reside, and shall have so resided for thirty days immnedi ELECTIONS. 1 1 ately preceding such election, and shall be eligible to any office within 21 Feb., 1871, c. the District. [See ~~ 58,86; IR. S. U. S., ~~ 1992, 2,004.] 62, s. 7, v. 16, p. 421. Hepburn vs. ElIzey, 2 Cranch, 445; Westcott vs. Fairfield, Peters,. C. C., 45; Spencer vs. Board of Registration, and Webster vs. Superintendent of Elections, Wash. Law Rep., v. 1, No. 18, p. 85. SEC. 99. At any election for Delegate to the House of Representa- Election of Deletives of the United States the person having the greatest number of gate to Congress. legal votes shall be declared by the governor to be duly elected, and a Ibid., s. 34, p. 426. certificate thereof shall be given accordingly. SEC. 100. In call elections for members of the house of delegates the Election ofmempersons having the highest number of legal votes shall be declared by bers of house of the governor duly elected members of said house. delegates. Ibid., s. 5, p. 421. SEC. 101. In case two or more persons vpted for shall have an equal New election, number of votes for the same office, or if a vacancy shall occur in the when. house of delegates, the governor s.hall order a new election. Ibid. SEC. 102. All township officers shall be elected by the people of the Election of towntownships respectively. ship officers. Ibid., s. 6. SEC. 103. It shall be a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in Penalty forusing the District jail or penitentiary, not exceeding two years, or by a fine personal violence not exceeding five hundred dollars, for any person, without justifiable upon an elector. or excusable case, to nse personal violence upon any elector in the Dis- 26 Aug.,. 861,. trict. 324. SEC. 104. If any person willfully interrupts or disturbs any elector in Penalty for inthe District in the exercise of the elective franchise he shall be deemed terrupting a voter. guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be fined not 8 Jan., 1867, c. 6, exceeding one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned in the District jail not s. 3, v. 14, p. 375. exceeding thirty days, or both. SEC. 105. If, at any election held in the D)istrict, any person shall Illegal voting knowingly personate and vote, or attempt to vote- and illegal conduct First In thename of any other person, whetherliving, dead,orfictitious; at elections; penF rs alty. Second, Or vote more than once at the same election for any candidate for the same office; 8 Jan., 1867, c. 6, Third, Or vote at a place where he may not be entitled to vote; s. 2, v. 14, pp. 375, Third, 376. Fourth, Or vote without having a lawful right to vote; 21 Feb., 1871, c. Fifth, Or do any unlawful act to secure a right or opportunity to vote 62, s. 39, v. 16, pp. for himself or any other person; 427, 428. Sixth, Or by force, threats, menace. or intimidation, bribery, reward, or offer, or promise thereof, or otherwise unlawfully prevent any qualified voter of the District from freely exercising the right of suffriage; Seventh, Or by any such means induce any voter to refuse to exercise such right; Eighth, Or compel or induce, by any such means, or otherwise, any officer of any election in the District to receive a vote from a person not legally qualified or entitled to vote; Ninth, Or interfere in any manner with any officer of elections in the discharge of his duties; Tenth, Or by any unlawful means induce any officer of an election, or officer whose duty it is to ascertain, announce, or declare the result of any such election, or give or make any certificate, document, or evidence in relation thereto, to violate or refuse to comply with his duty, or any law regulating the same; Eleventh, Or knowingly or willfully receive the vote of any person not entitled to vote; Twelfth, Or refuse to receive the vote of. any person entitled to vote; Thirteenth, Or aid, counsel, procure, or advise any such voter, person, or officer to do any act hereby made a crime; Fourteenth, Or to omit to do any duty the omission of which is hereby made a crime, or attempt to do soEvery such person shall be deemed guilty of a crime, and shall for such crime be liable to prosecution, and, on conviction, shall be punished by 12 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years, or both, in the discretion of the court, and shall pay the costs of prosecution. [See,. B. U. S., ~ 550o et seq.] Voter to hIave SEC. 106. AnD person whose duty it shall be to receive votes at any right of action election within the District who sEhall willfully refuse to receive, or who lawfully refuised shall willfully reject, the vote of any person entitled to vote in said Diss Jan., 1867, e. 6 trict, shall be also liable to an action of tort by the person injured. s. 2, v. 14, p. 375. [See R. S. U. S., ~ 2005 et seq.] Bribing voters; SEC. 107. If any persons shall, directly or indirectly, promise, offer, penalty. or give, or procure or cause to be promised, offered, or given, any money, Ibid., s. 8, p. 376. goods, right in action, bribe:, present, or reward, or any promise, understanding, obligation, or security for the payment or delivery of any money, goods, right in action, bribe, present, or reward, or any other valuable thing whatever, to,lny person, with intent to influence his vote to be given at any election held within the District, every person so offending shall, on conviction, be fined in any sum not exceeding two thousand dollars, or imprisoned not exceeding two years, or both, at the discretion of the court. Voter accepting SEC. 108. Any person who shall accept, directly or indirectly, any -bribe; penalty. money, goods, right in action, bribe, present, or reward, or any promise, Ibid.,. 9, p. 376. understanding, obligation, or security for the payment or delivery of any money, goods, right in action, bribe, present or reward, or any other valuable thing whatever, to influence his vote at any election held in the District, shall, on conviction, be imprisoned not less than one year and be forever disfranchised. Certain persons SEC. 109. NO person holding any other office or employment under not to be officers of the District government, and no person who is a candidate for office, election. shall serve as an officer of election in Washington or Georgetown, 2-1 June, 1870, c. either in the preparation of lists of persons qualified to vote or in the 16, v. 16, p. 159. reception, deposit, counting, declaration, or return of votes at any 5 Feb., 1867, c. election in said District. 31, v. 14, p. 390. 29 Mar.,1867,Res. No. 26, v. 15, p. 27. CHAPTER THREE. APPROPRIATION AND DISBURSEMENT OF PUBLIC-MONEY. Sec. Sec. 110. Appropriations fobr expenditures of 115. School money, how to be appropriDistrict government; restrictions. ated. 111. When appropriations expire: 116. Money received from -taxes not to be 112. No money to be drawn from the diverted from its legitimate obtreasury except by law. jects. 113. Disbursements by governor and see- 117. Taxes to be kept separate; no transretary. fer of one fund to another; unlaw114. Restrictions upon expenditures of ful payments prohibited. congressional appropriations. 118. Penalty for violation of two preceding sections. Appropriat ions SEC. 110. Each legislative assembly shall provide for all the approfor expenditures of priations necessary for the ordinary and contingent expenses of the District govern- government of the District until the expiration of the first fiscal quarter ment; restrictions. after the adjournment of the next regular session, the aggregate amount'21 Feb., 1871, c. of which shall not be increased without a vote of two-thirds of the 62, s. 14, v. 16, p. members elected or appointed to each housec nor exceed the amount of revenue authorized by law to be raised in such time. When appropri- SEC. 111. All appropriations, general or special, requiring money to ations expire. be paid out of the District treasury, from fulds belonging to the Disibid. trict, shall end with the fiscal quarter mentioned in the preceding section. No money to be SEC. 112. NO money shall be drawn from the treasury of the District, drawn from the except in pursuance of an appropriation made by law treasury except by law. Ibid, s. 13. INDEBTEDNESS. 13 SEC. 113. The governor and secretary of the District shall in the Disbursements disbursement of all moneys appropriated by Congress and intrusted to by governor and them, be governed solely by the instructions of the Secretary of the secretary. Treasury of the United States, and shall semi-annually account to the 21 Feb., 1871, c. Secretary of the Treasury for the manner in which such moneys shall 62, s. 32, v. 16, p. have been expended. [see R. s. u.., ~ 54ss.] SEC. 114. No expenditure shall be made by the legislative assembly Restrictionsupon of funds appropriated by Congress for objects not especially authorized expenditures of congressional apby acts of Congress making the appropriations, nor beyond the sums propriationsa thus appropriated for such objects. Ibid. SEC. 115. All moneys raised by general taxation, or arising from do- School mon ey, nations by Congress, or from other sources, except by bequest or devise, how to be approfor school purposes, shall be appropriated for the equal benefit of all the priated. youths of the District between certain ages, to be defined by law. Ibid.,s. 23, p. 424. [See ~~ 285, 306-30S, 312-316.] SEC. 116. It shall not be lawful for the District authorities, or any Money received person charged with the disbursements of money in the District, to from taxes not to divert from its legitimate object any money levied or collected as taxes legitimate objects. from the people of the District. 7 July, 1870, c. 212, s. 3, v. 16, pp. 190, 191. SEC. 117. All such taxes so levied or collected shall be kept separate Taxes to be kept and distinct, each item under its own proper head, as named in the act separate. Notralnsor acts authorizing such levy to be made, and no change whatsoever another; unlawful shall be made by transfer of one fund to another, or by paying out any payments prohibsum or sums of money on account of any object or purpose for which it ited. was not levied or collected. Ibid. SEC. 118. Any person who shall violate the provisions of the two pre- Penalty for vioceding sections, or either of them, shall be deemed guilty of a misde- lation of two preneanor in office, and be dismissed therefrom. ceding sections. Ibid., s. 7, p. 191. CHAPTER FOUR. INDEBTEDNESS. Sec. Sec. 119. Aggregate debt not to exceed five per 128. Restrictions upon use of certain cercent. of valuation unless author- tificates of indebtedness. ized by vote of the people. 129. Penalty for violation of preceding 120.. Publication of the law. section. 121, Payment of interest. 130. Sinking-fund tax. 122. Provision of law irrepealable. 131. When and how to be collected. 123. Law levying tax to be submitted to 132. Certain trust-funds to be made good. the people. 133. Moneys collected to be paid to sink124. Money not to be borrowed. or securi- i:ng-fund commissioners. ties issued, without authority of 134. Moneys paid to commissioners, how law. applied. 125. Further limit to indebtedness of Dis- 135. Report of commissioners. trict. 136. Registry of bonds to be kept. 126. Certain acts of legislative assembly 137. Conflicting provisions of an act of the void. legislative assembly void. 127. Certain acts confirmed. SEC. 119.:No debt by which the aggregate debt of the District shall Aggregate debt exceel five per cent. of the assessed property of the District shall be con- not -to exceed five tracted, unless the law authorizing the same shall, at a general election, per cent. of valuahave been submitted to the people and have received amajority of the votes ized by vote of the cast for members of the legislative assembly at such election. [See 125.] people..21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 14, v. 16, p. 423. SEC. 120. The legislative assembly shall provide for the publication Publication of of the law authorizing such debt in at least two newspapers in the Dis- the law. trict for three months, at least, before the vote of the people shall bie Ibid. taken on the same. 14 - DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Payment of in- SEC. 121. Provision shall be made in any such act for the payment of terest. the interest annually, as it shall accrue, by a tax levied for the purpose, 21 Feb., 1871, c. or from other sources of revenue. 6'2, s. 14, v. 16, p. 423. Provision of law SEC. 122. The law providing for the payment of such interest by such to be irrepealable. tax shall be irrepealable until the debt is paid. Ibid. Law levying tax SEC. 123. The law levying the tax shall be submitted to the people to be submitted to with the law authorizing the debt to be contracted. the people. Ibid. Money not to be SEC. 124. [The District government shall have no power to borrow borrowed or secu- money or issue stock or bonds for any object whatever unless specially rities issued without aiuthoreity of authorized by an act of the legislative assembly, passed by a vote of law. two-thirds of the entire number of the members of each branch thereof. Ibid., s. 20, p. 424. Further limit to SEC. 125. The debt of the District, including the debts of the late i u d e b tedness of corporations, shall at no time exceed the sum of ten millions of dollars, District,. unless an increase over the said, amount shall have been previously au8 May, 1872, c. thorized by act of Congress. [see~~5'2,81.] 142, s. 7, v. 17, p. 88. Certain a c t S of SEC. 126. The act of the legislative assembly, approved August nilelegislative assembly declared void. teenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, entitled "An act authorizing the District of Columbia to create a debt for special imnprovements 88Ibid., 6, p. 87, and repairs in said District by the issuing of four millions of bonds, and levying a tax for the payment of the interest as it shall annually accrue thereon, and submitting the act, with the question of the issuing of fobur millions of improvement-bonds, to a vote of the people at a general election in said I)istrict;" and also the act of the legislative assembly, approved August nineteenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, entitled'4An act levying a tax for the payment of the interest as it shall annually accrue on four million dollars of bonds authorized to be issued by the District of Columbia to create a debt for special improvements and repairs in said District by the issuing of four millions of bonds, and levying a tax for the payment of the interest as it shall annually accrue thereon, and submitting the act, with the question of the issuing of four millions of improvement-bonds, to a vote of the people at a general elee]Bonds not to be tion in the said District," are disapproved and declared null and void, issued. and the authorities of the District are forbidden to issue any portion of Ibid. the four millions of bonds named in said acts. Certain act con- SEC. 127. The act of the legislative assembly, approved July tenth, firnmed. eighteen hundred and seventy-one, entitled "An act makling appropriIbid. ations for improvements and repairs in the District of Columbia, and providing for the payment thereof" is approved, ratified, and confirmed. Restrictions upon SEC. 128. The certificates of indebtedness of the corporation of use of certain cer- Washington, issued by authority of acts of Congress of July seventh tieclnates of indebt and fifteenth, eighteen hundred and seventy, shall be used for no other edness. 7 July, 1870, c. purpose than the payment of the ascertained indebtedness of said cor212, ss. 6, 7, v. 16, p. poration on the sixth day of June, eighteen hundred and seventy. 191. Penalty for vio- SEC. 129. Any person who shall violate the provisions of the precedlation of preceding ing section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor in office and be section. dismissed therefrom. Ibid. SINKING-FiUND. Sinking-fund tax. SEC. 130. The legislative assembly is empowered to cause to be levied 8 My, 1872 c. upon, and collected from, all taxable property of the city of Washing14, s.,12,v. 17, p. ton, within its limits, a tax annually, which shall be sufficient to pay 87. the interest upon the bonds issued by the commissioners of the sinkingfund of the District, under the act of Congress of May eighth, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, (authorizing the issue of certain bonds to fund the liabilities of said city, consisting of the floating-debt and VALUATIONS, ASSESSMENTS, AND TAXATION. 15 trust-funds found to be due on the first of June, eighteen hundred and seventy-one,) and to create a sinking-fund sufficient to retire such bonds at maturity. SEC. 131. The tax provided for by the preceding section shall be col- When and how lected at the same time and in the same manner as general taxes are to be collected. collected in the District; but the aggregate amount of taxes in any one 8 May, 1872, c. year, excepting such additional assessments as may be made for improve- 142, ss. 1, 2, v. 17, ments specially authorized by law, shall not exceed two per centurn onil the assessed cash valuation of property in said city. SEC. 132. Such amount of the bonds issued. as mentioned in section one Certain tru sthundred and thirty, or their proceeds, as is necessary, shall be applied funds to be made and strictly held to make good the trust-funds of said city on which a good. deficiency of two hundred and eighty-six thousand three hundred and Ibid. seventeen dollars and fifty-eight cents existed on the eighth day of May, eighteen hundred and seventy-two. SEC. 133. The collector of the District shall pay over to the commis- Moneys collected siouers of the sinking-fund, duly appointed according to the laws of the to be paid over to District, upon their requisition being first certified by the auditor and the commissioners. comptroller of the District as provided by law, all moneys collected by Ibid.,. 3. virtue of the preceding sections. SEC. 134. The commissioners of the sinking-fund shall pay, or cause Moneys paid to to be paid, with the moneys so received by them, the coupons or interest co lmpission e rs, on the bonds issued by them, as mentioned in section one hundred and how a thirty, and the residue of such moneys so collected as a sinking-fund Ibid. shall be invested by the commissioners in the bonds issued by them, or in any bonds of the District of Columbia or of the late corporations of the cities of Washington or Georgetown. SEC. 135. The commissioners of the sinking-fund shall, on or before Report of conlthe first day of January in each year, cause to be placed on record in the missioners. office of the register of said District, a full and complete report of all Ibid. their acts, and shall also make a report of the same to the legislative assembly at the commencement of each regular session thereof. SEc. 136. A proper registry shall be kept in the office of the register Registry of bonds of the District of the number, denomination, and date of issue of the to be kept. bonds mentioned in the preceding sections, and to whom such bonds Ibid., s. 4. were issued. SEc. 137. So much of the act of the legislative assembly entitled "An Conflicting ploact providing for the payment of the debts of the late corporation of Wash- visions of an act of the legislative asington," approved January nineteenth, eighteen hnldred and seventy- s m b ly declared two, levying taxes on real and personal property in the city of Wash- void. ington to pay the debt and interest on the debt of the late corporation Ibid., l. 5. of said city, as conflicts with the provisions of the act of Congress approved May eighth, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, entitled "An act to fund certain liabilities of the city of Washington, existing June first, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, and to limit the debt of and taxation in the District of Columbia," is disapproved and declared void. CHAPTER FIVE. VALUATIONS, ASSESSMENTS, AND TAXATION. Sec. Sec. 138. Valuation of United States property. 145. Property outside of Washington and 139. Valuations, how made. Georgetown not to be taxed for the 140. Valuation of private lproperty. benefit of those cities. 141. Report to Congress. 146. Property in Washington and Georgo142. Limit to levy for the general fund. town not to be taxed for the debts 143. Lots and squares sold by the United of each other, &c. States liable to taxation. 147. Certain property exempt from taxa144. Lists of transfers to be furnished tion. semi-annually by recorder of deeds. 148. What cemeteries shall be taxed. 16 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. See. Sec. 149. Limit of general taxation. 152. Secretary of Interior to assess and 150. Special taxes may be levied, collect proportion of cost of im151. How assessed and collected. provements around Capitol. Valu ation of Ulmi- SEC. 138. There shall be a valuation taken of all real estate belonging ted States prop- to the United States in the District, except the public buildings, and erty. the grounds which have been dedicated to the public use as parks and 21 F eb., 1871, c. squares, at least once in five years, and return thereof shall be made by 6;2, s. 36, v. 16, p. the governor to the President of the Senate and( Speaker of the 1Louse of 426. lRepresentatives on the first day of the session of Congress held after such valuation shall be taken. Valuations, how SEC. 139. All valuations of property belonging to the United States made. shall be made by such persons as the Secretary of the'Interior shall Ibid. appoint, and under such regulations as he shall prescribe. Valuation of pri- SEC. 140. The proper officers of the District duly appointed and sworn vate property. to assess and value, andti ake return of all and every species of prop26 May,, 1824, e. erty by law taxable, in the cities of Washingtoil and Georgetown, shall 195, s. 9, v. 4, p. 77. determine and value such property agreeably to what they believe it to be worth, in cash, at the time of the valuation. Report to Con- SEC. 141. The aggregate of the valuation of private property in the gress. District, whenever made by authority of the legislative assembly, shall 21 Feb., 1871, c. be reported to Congress by the governor. (2, s. 36, v. 16, p. 426. Limit to levy for SEC. 142. In no case shall the sum levied for the 6" general fuind," or the"generalfund." miscellaneous purposes, in the city of Washingtonl exceed twenty-five 7 July, 1870, c. cents on the hundred dollars of valuation. 212, s.4,v.16,p.191. Lots and squares SEC. 143. It shall be the duty of the chief of engineers in charge of sold by the TUnited public buildings and grounds, within ninety days after the sale of any atio l. lots or squares belonging to the United States in the city of Washington, to report the fact to the proper officers of the District, giving the 17 May, 1848, c. date of sale, the number of the lot and square, and the name of the pur42, s. 13, v. 9, p. 229. chaser; and such lots or squares shall be liable to taxation by the District from the day of sale. Lists of transfers SEC. 144. The recorder of deeds and the register of wills shall furnish t o b e furnished the proper officer of the I)istrict appointed to receive the same, on or semi-annually by recorder of deeds. abot the first Monday in January and July, in every year, correct lists of the transfers of real property in the city of Washington during the 15 May, 1820, c. next preceding half-year, so far as can be ascertained by the records inl 504, 5914. PP. their respective offices; and the District shall make to the recorder and register such compensation as shall be agreed upon, not exceeding six cents for each transfer on such lists. P r o p er t y i n SEC. 145. The property of that portion of the District not included in county ontsicle of the former corporations of Washington and Georgetown shall not be Washingtonl and taxed for the purposes either of improving the streets, alleys, public Georgetown not to be taxed for the squares, or other public property of said cities or either of themn; nor benefit of those for any other expenditure of a local nature, for the exclusive benefit of cities., said cities, or either of them; nor for the payment of any debt con21 Feb., 1871, c. tracted by either of said cities, while remaining under ai mnnicipal gov62, s.21,v.16, p. 424. y Willard vs. Pros- ernment not co-extensive with the District. bury, 14 Wall., 676. Pr o p erty in SEC. 146. The property within the former corporate limits of GeorgeWashington a n d town shall not be taxed for the payment of any debt contracted by the Georgetown not to corporation of Washington, nor silall the property within the former n1Or fbr the benefit the corporation of Georgetown; nor shall said cities, or either of them, of the District out- be taxed for the exclusive benefit of that portion of the District outside side of either. of the limits of said cities. Ibid., s. 22, p. 424. HIannewinkle vs. Georgetown 15 Wall., 547. Certain property SEC. 147. All churches and school-houses, and all buildings, grounds, exempt from taxa- and property appurtenant thereto, and used in connection therewith in tnthe District- andl any cemeteryv therein, held and oawnedl by a religious COLLECTI()N OF TAXES. 17 society, having a regular and known place of worship, or by any incor- 17 June, 1870, c. )orated association, shall be exempt from any and all taxes or assess- 31, s. 1, v. 16, p. ments, national or municipal. 25 June. 1864, c. 157, s. 3,v. 13,p. 193. SEC. 148. All cemeteries in the District, outside of the cities of Wash- What cemeteries ington and Georgetown, the owners of which sell lots or burial-rights shallbetaxed; proindiscriminately to those applying therefor. except those owned by viso. incorporated associations, shall be assessed and taxed as other property Ibid. in the same parts of the District, but all lots in such cemeteries, when actually sold for burial purposes, shall be exempt from taxation. LSee ~ 603.] SEC. 149. Lands or other property in the District shall not be liable Limit of general to a higher tax, in any one year, for all general objects, territorial and taxation. municipal, than two dollars on every hundred dollars of the cash value 21 Feb., 1871, c., thereof. 62, s. 20, v. 16, pp. 423, 424. SEC(. 150. Special taxes may be levid in particular sections, wards, or Special taxes districts, for their particular local improvements. may be levied. Ibid. SEC. 151. The board of public works shall assess, in such manner as Howassessedand shall be prescribed by law, upon the property adjoinining and to be spe- collected. cially benefited by the improvements authorized by law and made by Ibid.,s. 37, p.427. them, a reasonable proportion of the costs of the improvement, not exceeding one-third of such cost, which sum shall be collected as all other taxes are collected. SEC. 152. In the improvements of streets about the Capitol, the Sec- Assessment, &c., retary of the Interior shall assess and collect the cost of all improve- of cost of improvenments made in front of all private property in the same proportion as ments arounl the charged by the District authorities 1br the same purpose. Capitol. 3 March, 1873, c. 227, s. 1, v. 17, p. 519. CHAPTER SIX. COLLECTION OF TAXES. Sec. Sec. 153. Real estate may be sold to pay delin- 172. Notice to be given; validity of sale. quent taxes. 173. Sales not void for error in computing 154. Notice of sale; what to contain. amount due. 155. When a whole square is assessed to 174. HIeirs and assigns of purchaser, power the same parties. of. 156. Sale not to be impaired or void in 175. Report of property sold for taxes to certain cases. be recorded in land records. 157. Any part assessed may be sold. 176. Notice required for sale of personal 158. When sale not in accordance with property. law. 177. When real property in Georgetown is 159. Re-assessments. sold for taxes, notice to be given. 160. Purchaser to pay taxes and expenses 178. When property may be sold and cerof sale. tificate given. 161. Residue; when payable. 179. If not, redeemed in one year. 162. When purchaser fails to pay residue. 180. When taxes may be collected from 163. Residue; how held, and to what order real, and when from personal essubject. tate. 164. Interest. 181. Sufficiency of title. 165. T.itle in fee to purchaser. 182. Surplus to be paid to former owner. 166. Right of redemption. 183. When taxes are paid by or enforced 167. Purchaser to be notified of deposit. against tenant. 168. Time allowed mortgagees, &c., for 184. Real property in District outside of redemption. Washington and Georgetown may 169. In case of minors; time allowed. be sold for taxes, when. 170. Life estate, &c., when sufficient, 185. Notice, how given. only to be sold. 186. Real property not to be sold when 171. Postponement of sale. personal property is sufficient. R S II —-2 18 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Sec. See. 187. To what provisions sales are subject. 189. Dogs to be killed if tax not paid. 188. Distress and sale of personal property, how made. IN WASHINGTON. Real estate may SEC. 153. Real property in the city of Washington, whether improved be sold to pay de- or unimproved, on which one or more years' taxes shall have become linquent taxes. due and remain unpaid, or on which any special tax, imposed by an17 May, 1848, c. thority of law, shall have become due and remain unpaid, or so much 42, s. 7, v. 9, p. 227. thereof, not less than a lot when the property on which the tax has accrued is not less than that quantity, as may be necessary to pay such tax, with all interest, costs, and charges arising thereon, may be sold at public sale to satisfy the same. Notice of sale; SEC. 154. Public notice of the'time and place of the sale of all real what to contain. property for taxes due in the city of Washington shall be given in all 26 May, 1824, c. cases by advertisement, inserted in some newspaper published in said 115, s. 2, v. 4, pp. city once in each week for at least twelve successive weeks, in which 75, 76. advertisement shall be statedFirst. The number of the square or squares. Second. The number of the lot or lots, (if the square has been divided into lots.) Third. The name or names of the person or persons to whom the same may be assessed at the time of such advertisement. Fourth. The amount of the tax due on each square or lot. Fifth. The period for which the same shall be lue; and, Sixth. The aggregate amount of taxes due on all real property assessed in the name of the same person. When a whole SEC. 155. In cases where a whole square is assessed to the same persquare is assessed son, although divided into lots, it may. be assessed and advertised as if to same parties. the same was not divided. Ibid. Sale not to be SEC. 156. No sale of real property for taxes shall be impaired or void impaired or void in by reason of such property not being assessed or advertised in the name certain cases. of the lawful owner, or by reason of the amount of taxes due thereon Ibid. not being correctly stated, if the same shall be duly advertised according to the provisions of the two preceding sections. Any part of lots SEC. 157. In cases where a number of lots are assessed to the same assessed may be person, it shall be lawiful for the proper authorities to sell one or more sold. of them for the taxes and expenses due on the whole; and also to proibid., s. 4, p. 76. vide for the sale of any part of a lot for the taxes and expenses due on that or other lots assessed to the same person, as may appear expedient, according to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by law. When sale not SEC. 158. In all cases of sales of real property for taxes due in the according to law, city of Washington, where such sale shall not have been made accordamount paid may ing to law, and void, it shlall be lawful for the proper authorities, on the application of the purchaser, or other p)erson entitled under him, to Ibid., s. 3 p. 76. refund and pay to such person the amount paid by him on account of such purchase, and also the subsequent taxes accrued and paid on the same property. Re-assessment in SEC. 159. In the cases provided for by the preceding section, it shall such cases. be lawful for the proper authorities to re-assess the amount of taxes so ibid refunded on the property onl which the same accrued, which shall be collected in the manner provided by law for the collection of other taxes at any time after such re-assessment shall have been made. Purchaser topay SEC. 160. The purchaser of any property sold for taxes shall pay at tfxes and expenses the time of sale, the amount of taxes due on the property purchased by __of__ _ sale. _ him, with the amount of the expenses of sale. 15 May, 1820, c. 104, s. 10, v. 3, p. 589. Residue, w h e n SEC. 161. The purchaser shall pay the residue of the purchase-money payable. within ten ldays after the expiration of two years from the day of sale Ibicl. to the collector of taxes, or other officer authorized to receive the same. COLLECTION OF TAXES. 19 SEC. 162. If any purchaser shall fail to pay the residue of the pur- When purchaser chase-money within the time required by the preceding section for any failsto pay residue. property so purchased by him he shall pay ten per centum per annum 15 May, 1820, c. as interest thereon and in addition to such residue, to be computed from 104, s. 10, v. 3, p. the expiration of two years from the (lay of sale until the actual payment 589. of such residue and the receiving of a conveyance from the proper authorities. SEC. 163. The amount of such residue shall be placed in the treasury Residue, h o w of the District, where it shall remain, subject to the order of the origi- held and to what nal proprietor or his legal representatives. order sulject. Ibid., pp. 589,590. SEC. 164. Any interest which may accrue under the provisions of the Interest. three preceding sections shall in like manner be subject to the order of Ibid. the original proprietor or his legal representatives. SEc. 165. Upon payment of the residue of the purchase-money, as Title in fee to beo provided in the preceding sections, the purchaser shall receive a title in given topurchaser'. fee-simple to the property, under the hand of the governor and seal of Ibid. the District, which shall be deemed good and valid in law and equity. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 2, v. 16, p. 419. SEC. 166. If, within two years from the clay of any sale for taxes, or Right of redempbefore the purchaser shall have paid the residue of the purchase-money, tion. the original proprietor of any property which shall have been sold, as 15 May, 1820, c. provided in the preceding sections, his heirs, agents, or legal representa- 104, s. 10, v. 3, p. tives, shall repay to such purchaser the moneys paid for the taxes and 589. 26 May, 18'24, c. expenses, together with ten per centum per annum as interest thereon, 1956 s. 6, v. 4, p. 76. or mnake a tender thereof, or shall deposit the same in the hands of the proper officer of the District, appointed to receive the same, for the use of such purchaser and subject to his order, or the order of his heirs or legal representatives, he shall be re-instated in his original right and title, as if no such sale had been made. SEC. 167. Whenever the deposit provided for by the preceding section Purchaser to be shall be made, the purchaser, his heirs or legal representatives, shall be notified of deposit. immediately informed thereof, by notice in some newspaper printed in 15 May, 1820, c. the city of'Washington, or otherwise. 5104 s. 10 v. 3 p. SEC. 168. Mortgagees, or others having equitable interest in real Time allowed property sold for taxes, shall be allowed one year after obtaining pos- moedrtgti&c.for session, or a decree for the sale of such property, to redeem the property so sold from the purchaser, or his assigns, on paying the amount Ibid., p. 590. of purchase-money, with ten per cent. interest, and all the taxes that have been paid thereon by the purchaser, or his assigns, between the day of sale and the period of such redemption, with ten per cent. interest on the amount of such taxes, and also the full value of the improvements which may have been made or erected on such property by the purchaser, or his assigns, while the same was in his or their possession. SEC. 169. Minors shall be allowed one. year after coming to or being In case of miof full age to redeem real property sold for taxes, subject to the condi. nors, time allowed. tions mentioned in the preceding section. Ibid. SEC. 170. Where the estate of the tenant in default, as for years or Life-estate, &c., for life, shall be sufficient to defray the taxes chargeable thereupon, only to be sold.cient such estate only shall be liable to be sold for taxes. Ibid. SEC. 171. It shall be'lawful for the proper officer to postpone to a Postponement of future day, for want of bidders or other reasonable cause, the sale of sale. any property advertised to be sold under the provisions of the preceding Ibid.,s. 11, p. 590. sections. 17 May, 1848, c. 42, s. 7,v. 9, pp. 227, 228. SEC. 172. Public notice shall, in all cases, be given of such postpone- Notice to be givient, and the sales made at such postponed time shall be equtldly valid en; validity ofsale. as if made the day first designated for the sale. Ibid., p. 228. 20 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Sales not to be SEC. 173. No sale of any real property for taxes shall be impaired or void for error in made void by reason of any error of the proper officers in making na comcomputing amountp (Icomputigaount putation of the amount of taxes due, the expenses attendant on the ad1M-a-y, 18- C.vertisement and sale, or of the purchase-money and the interest thereon, 4217 May, v. 9,. 8. notwithstanding the sum erroneously computed may have been paid by the purchaser, his heirs or assigns; but all such sales and the deeds which may be granted on the certificates then issued shall be valid and binding as if no such error had been made. Heirsandassigns SEC. 174. It shall be lawful for the heirs or assigns of any purchaser tohavesame power of property sold for taxes under the provisions of the preceding sections to receive, do, or perform anything which it may be lawful for Ibid. such purchaser to receive, do, or perform. Report of prop- SEC. 175. The collector of taxes, or other officer of the District, erty sold for taxes charged with the duty of selling any real estate in the city of Washingto be recorded in lantd-recordes. ton for taxes, shall, within ten days after every such sale, transmit to the recorder of deeds an accurate report in writing, duly certified, con20 Feb., 1819, 6 taining a particular description of the property sold, the amount of taxes 35, s. 2, v. 3, p. 486. t 21 Feb., 1871, c. for the raising of which it has been sold, the namres and residence of the 62, v. 16, p. 419. person or persons to whoml such property belongs, or to whom such taxes have been assessed, and of the purchaser or purchasers, and - the amount of the purchase-money; distinguishing how much has been actually paid, and the clear surplus, if any, coming to the proprietor; which report it shall be the duty of the recorder forthwith to record among the land-records of the District, and the expense thereof shall be paid by the party who redeems the same. Personal prop- SEC. 176. No personal property in the city of Washington shall be erty not to be sold sold for taxes unless ten days' previous notice of such sale shall be given;bict notice. ds in some newspaper printed in sai(d city. 15 May, 1820, c. 104, s. 12, v. 3, p. 590; 17 May, 1848, c. 42, s. 11, v. 9, p. 228. IN GEORGETOWN. When real prop- SEC. 177. Public notice of the time and place of sale of any real proerty in Georgetown perty chargeable with taxes, in Georgetown, shall be given, once in eachll is sold for taxes, week, for twelve successive weeks, in some one newspaper printed in notice to he given. ~ Georgetown, and in some newspaper printed in Washington, in which'26 May, 1824, c. shall be stated the number of the lot or lots, or parts thereof, intended 115, s. 7, v. 4, p. 76. to be sold, and the value of the assessment, and the amount of the taxes due and owing thereon. When property SEC. 178. If, before the (lay of sale, advertised according to the prenmay be sold and ceding section, the owner, his agent, or attorney, shall not pay the certificate given. amount of taxes, with all costs thereon assessed, said lots, or so many as Ibid.,s. 8, p. 76. may be sufficient to discharge the same, shall be sold for cash, and to the highest bidder paying therefor; and a certificate from the proper officer shall be issued, setting forth that he is the purchaser, and the amount paid by him. If not redeemed SEC. 179. If, at the expiration of twelve months from the day of sale, in one year, title in the owner shall not appear, and pay to the proper officer, or the purfee may be made to purchaser. chaser, the amount of the purchase-money, and cost, andi taxes accruing subsequent to the sale, and ten per centumn interest per annum on the Ibid., pp. 76, 77. purchase-money, it shall be lawful for a title, in fee-simple, at the expiration of said time, to be made to the purchaser. When taxes shall SEC. 180. No sale of real estate for taxes shall be made. but where be collected from the owner or tenant of the property has not sufficient personal estate real and when from personal estate. out of which to enforce a collection of the debt due, and where he has - personal property, it shall be lawful to collect the taxes by distress and sale thereof. Sufficiency of SE(n. 181. All titles to property in the city of Georgetown conveyed title. on sales for taxes, made in accordance with the four preceding sections, 26 May, 1824, c. shall be by deed from the governor of the District, under the seal of the COLLECTION OF TAXES. 21 District, which conveyance shall be effectual to convey the title, the re- 115, s. 11, vol 4, p. quirements of law having been complied. with. 1871, c. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, v. 16, p. 419. SEc. 182. Whenever any real property has been sold for taxes, the Surplustobepaid amount received therefor over and above the tax, cost, and charges due to former owner. upon the same, shall be paid over, on application, to the original owner 26 May, 1824, c. of the property. 195, s. 12, v. 4, p. 77. SEC. 183. Where the payment of any taxes shall be made or enforced Wihen taxes are against any tenant, it shall not be lawful for the owner of the property paid byor nforced to recover of the tenant any rent; but the same shall remain in his popses- against tenant. sionl a lien for the debt, until such time as the rent accruing shall have Ibid.,s. 13, p.77o discharged the same; and the tenant shall be entitled to charge twentyfive per centumr against the landlord, on the amount of the taxes so paid or enforced against him, except where he may have been previously in arrears for his rent. 1N THAT PORTION OF TI-IE DISTRICT NOT INCLUIDED IN WASHINGTON AND GEORG:ETOWSN. SEC.- 184. Real property in the District outside of the limits of Wash- Real property in ington and Georgetown, on which one year's taxes shall be due and District outside of unp)aid, or so much thereof, not less than one acre, where the property Georshingeton mand on which the tax has accrued is not less than that quantity, as may be be sold'for taxes, necessary to pay such taxes, with all legal costs and charges arising when. thereon, may be sold at public sale, to satisfy such taxes and expenses. 23 July, 1866, c. 216, s. 1, v. 14, p. 215. SEC. 185. Public notice shall be given of the time and place of sale Notice, how by advertising once a week for eight successive weeks in some news- given. paper published in the city of Washington, in which advertisement Ibid. shall be given a sufficient; and definite description of the property selected for sale, the name of the person to whom the same is assessed, and the aggregate amount of taxes due thereon. SEC. 186. No sale shall be made of any improved property in pur- Realproperty not suance of the two preceding sections, whereon there is personal prop- to be sold when erty of sufficient value to pay the taxes, nor of such improved property iersosufficp pert whereon there is not such personal property, until the proper officer. has filed a sworn return according to law that there is no such personal Ibid. property, which return shall be prima-facie proof of that fact. SEC. 187. All sales of real property for taxes authorized by the three To what proviso preceding sections shall be made in accordance with, and subject to the ions sales are sub. provisions of, sections one hundred and sixty to one hundred and sixty- ject. nine inclusive, and sections one hundred and seventy-one and one hun- Ibid., ss. 1, 2, pp. dred and seventy-two, in the same manner as sales of real property for 215, 216. taxes in the city of Washington are authorized to be made under the 1045 Mssy, 1820,. provisions of said sections. pp. 589, 590; 17 May, 1848, c. 42, s.7, v. 9, pp. 227, 228. SEc. 188. The proper officer shall have authority to collect any tax Distress and sale lawfully imposed by the legislative cassembly, by distress and sale of the of personatl prop groods and chattels of the person h6bargeable therewith, wherever the rty, how made. same may be found in the District out of the limits of Washington an(d 23 July, 1866, c. Georgetown; but no such sale shall be made unless ten days' previous 216. as 3, v. 14, p notice thereof be given in some newspaper printed in the city of Washin gton. SEC. 189. Whenever the owner or keeper of any dog neglects or re- Dogs to be killed fuses to pay the tax thereon, it shall be the duty of the proper officer if tax not tl1id. ftor the collection of taxes in such paxt of the District to kill, or cause 25 July, 1864, c. to be killed, every such dog. 157, s. 5, v. 13, p, 193. 22 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. CHAPTER SEVEN. FIRE DEPARTMBENT. Sec. Sec. 190. Onc-tbird 6f cost of fire department 193. Use of library-room in Columbia to be paid by the United States. engine-hbuse reserved. 191. To be paid into treasury of District 194. Members of fire department exempt when appropriated by Congress; from military duty. limit. 192. Use of certain buildings granted for purposes of fire department during the pleasure of Congress. One-third of cost SEC. 190. One-third the expense incurred by the District Government of fire department in maiainining a fire department in the District shall be paid by the to be paid by the United States. United States 31 Jan., 1873, c. 84, v. 17, p. 422. To be laid into SEC. 191. The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to pay annually treasuryofDistrict into the treasury of the District, out of any moneys which may be wheby Congpess; liated appropriated by Congress for that purpose, one-third of the entire cost ofl maintaining g the fire department, as provided by the preceding section; Ibcld. but the amount paid by the United States in any onie year shall not exceed twenty-five thousand dollars. Use of certain SEC. 192. The right of use and occupancy of the buildings and. appurbuildings granted tenances known as the Franiklin, Columbia, and Anacostia engine. defor purtment duof rireng houses, granted to the city of Washington for the purposes of the fire the pleasure of department, shall continue during the pleasure of Congress so long as Congress. used for such purposes. 18 Feb., 1867, c. 48, v. 14, p. 397. Use of library- SEC. 193. The use and occupancy of the Columbia engine-house shall rooms in Columbia not interfere with the possession and occupancy by the Columbia Fire engine-house reserved. re- Company of the library-rooms in said building. Ibid. Members' of fire SEC. 194. Members of the fire department, are exempt from military department ex- duty in time of peace. empt from military duty. 2 Mar., 1837, c. 26,. 1, v. 6, p. 687. CHAPTER EIGHT. WATERI-SERVICE. Sec. Sec. 195. Distribution of Potomac water. 211. Appropriations, &c., in lieu of front196. No expense to devolve upon United foot tax. States. 212. Tax to be appropriated exclusively 197. Water-rates, how established and col- to its object; when to cease. lected. 213. Not to be a source of revenue for 198. Not to be a source of revenue for other purposes. other purposes. 214. Water may be shut off, when. 199. Tax for water-mains in Washington. 1I 215. Use of water for certain purposes, 200. To be equal and uniform. I when allowed. 201. How levied and collected. 216. Special supply to be determined by 202. Installments. meters. 203. Water-tax to constitute a fund, &c. 217. Application of water-rents derived 204. Water-pipes, fire-plugs, and hydrants. from aqueduct. 205. Fire-plug tax. 218. Unlawful tapping of water-pipes' 206. How levied; limit of tax. penalty. 207. When fire-plug tax shall cease. 219. Chief of Engineers to prosecute. 208. When shall be renewed. 220. Penalty for injuring pipe or fixtures. 209. Front-foot tax in Georgetown. 221. Penalty for making water impure. 210. Certain exemptions authorized. Distribution of SEC. 195. Full power is given to the legislative assembly to supply Potomac water. the inhabitants of Washington and Georgetown with the Potomac water WATER-SEnVICE. 23 from the aqueduct mains or pipes laid in the streets and avenues by the 3 Mar., 1859, c. United States; and to make all laws and regulations for the proper dis- 84,. 2, v. 11, l 436. trilbution of the same, subject to the provisions of this chapter, and to 82,1sv. 12, p 4051 the control of the chief of engineers in charge of public buildings and 2I Feb., 1871, c. grounds, as provided ill section eighteen hundred and ten, title, 62, s.5, v. 16, p. 420. L SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, INCLUDING THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS." [See B. S. U. S., ~~ 1800-1811.1 SEC. 196. No expense shall devolve upon the United States under the NO expense to provisions of the preceding section. devolve upon the United States. 3 Mar., 1859, c. 84, s. 2, v. 11, p. 436. SEC. 197. The legislative assembly has authority to establish a scale Water-rates,how of annual rates for the supply and use of the water apportioned to differ- estalblishedland colent classes of buildings according to their size, dimensions, assessed lected values, exposure to fires, uses for dwellings, stores, shops, stables, 3 Mar., 1859, c. manufacetories, or other purposes, number of occupants, or consumption 84, s. 3, V. 11, p. 436. of water, measured by meter or otherwise, and to modify, alter, amend, 21 May, 1862, c. 82,s. 2, v. 12, p. 4G5. increase, or reduce such scale, from time to time, and extend it to other 21 Feb., 1871, e. description of buildings and establishments; to provide for the collec- 62,s. 5, v. 16, p. 420. tion of such rates, in advance or otherwise, from the owner or occupants of all buildings or establishments using the water; to provide for stopping the supply of water to ally dwelling or establishment upon a failure to pay the rate, and generally to enact such laws as may be necessary to supply the inhabitants of Washington and Georgetown with pure anIld wholesome water, and to carry into full effect the provisions ot this chapter. $EC. 198. The water-rates levied in Washington and Georgetown Nottobe a source shall never be a source of revenue other than as a means of keeping Up of revenue for to said cities a supply of water, but shall constitute a fund exclusively other purposes for the-maintenance, maiagement, and repair of the system of water- 3 Mar., IH59, c. distribution. 84, s. 3, v. 11, p. 436. 3 Mar., 1863, c. 19, s. 3, v. 12, p?. 805. WATER-TAX IN WASHINGTON. 19,s.3, v. 12, p. 805. SEC. 199. A water-tax may be levied and collected on all real prop- Tax for watererty within the limits of the city of Washington, which binds or touches ains in Washigton. on any avenue, street, or alley in which a main water-pipe may be laid by Mar., 1863,c. 19 the United States or by the District. s. 1, v. 12, p. E04. SEC. 200. The water-tax shall be as nearly as possible equal and uni- To be, equal and UnifOrnl. form. Ibid. SEC. 201. The water-tax may be levied on lots in proportion to their How levied andl frontage or their area, as may be determined by law, and may be col- collected. lected in not less than three nor more than five annual installments. Ibid. SEC. 202. All such installments after the first shall bear interest at Interest on inthe rate of six per centum per alnnum, commencing frorm the date at stallments. which the first installlment becomes dclue, but may, at the option of the Ilbid. owner of the property taxed, be paid and discharged in full at any time Itaidllenftsmay after the tax has been levied. Ibidl SEC. 203. The water-tax authorized to be levied and collected by the Water-tax to conprovisions of the four preceding sections shall constitute a fund to be stitute a func d to used exclusively to defray the cost of distribution of the water, including tfribuayi ot of n. - all necessary fixtures and machines connected with such distribution. Ibid., s. 3, p. 805. FIRE-PLUG TAX. SEC. 204. On petition of the owners of the majority of the real estate Water-pipes, fireon any square or line of squares in the city of Washington, water-pipes pluugs, and hySmay be laid and fire-plugs and hydrants erected wherever the same may be, requisite and necessary for public convenience, security from fire, or Ibid., s. 1, p. 804. for health. 24 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Fire-plug tax. SEC. 205. To aid in the erection, maintenance, and efficiency of fire. 3 Matr., 1863, c. plugs in the city of Washington, a special annual tax may be levied on 109, s. 2, v. 12, p. all buildings in said city within-five hundred feet of any main water-pipe, 804. into which, or the premises connected therewith, the water has not been introduced, and the owners or occupants of which do not pay any annual water-rate in accordance with law. How levied; lim- SEC. 206. The fire-plug tax shall be levied with reference to the value it of tax. of the building so taxed, and shall not be more than five dollars nor less Ibid.,pp. 804,805. than one dollar per year. W he n fire-plug SEC. 207. Whenever the water is introduced, in conformity with law, tax shall cease. into any building or premises, the fire-plug tax thereon shall cease. Ibid., p. 805. When shall be re- SEC. 208. Whenever water is discontinued from any building or premises into which it has been introduced, such building shall be subject to Ibid. the fire-plug tax from the date of the discontinuance of the water. WATER-TAX IN GEORGETOWN. Front-foot tax. SEC. 209. A water-tax, not exceeding sixty cents per front foot, may 21 May, 1862, c. be levied and collected on all lots and parts of lots within the limits of 82, s. 1, v. 12, p. 405. the city of Georgetown, in front of or parallel to which water-mains may be laid. Certain exemp- SEC. 210. In all cases in which an original town-lot in Georgetown, tions authorized. entirely owned by the same person, or ally subdivision of an original 17 June, 1864 c. lot separately so owned, is situated at the intersection of two streets, so 129, s. 1,v. 13, p.133. as to bind or front on both, and in which both fronts would be liable to the front-foot tax authorized by the preceding section, such tbax shall not be levied upon more than seventy-five feet of the two fronts of such lot or part of lot; and, in such cases, such further exemptions may be made, either by general law or in individual cases, as may be deemed just and proper. Appropriations, SEC. 211. In lieu of the, front-foot tax authorized by the two preced&c., in liteu of the ing sections, so much money may be appropriated from the general fund applicable to Georgetown as may be necessary to supply the inhabitants 21 May, 1862, c. with water from the aqueduct-mains which may be laid in the streets of 82,s.2, v. 12, p.405. said city by the United States, or a general special tax, not to exceed 17 June, 1864, c. 129, s. 2, v. 13, p. one-fifth of one per cent. per annum, may be laid on all the assessable 133. property of the city to defray the cost of distributing the water from the mains. Tax to be exclu- SEC. 212. The general special tax provided for in the preceding secsivelyappropriated tion shall be exclusively appropriated to the object mentioned therein, to its object; when and shall be collected in the same manner as general taxes are collected, 17 June, 1864, c. and shall cease whenever the cost of the distribution of the water is 129, s. 2,v.13,p. 133. fully paid. Water-taxes not SEC. 213. The taxes mentioned in the four preceding sections shall to be a source of never be a source of revenue other than as a means of supplying the revenue for other city of Georgetown with water. purposes. 21 May, 1862, c. 82, s. 2, v. 12, p. 405. GENERAL REGULATIONS. Water may be SEC. 214. In order to prevent unnecessary waste of Potomac water, shult off, when. and in order to more tilly enforce the laws in relation to the distribu14 July, 1870, c. tion of the same, the chief of engineers is authorized, after giving notice, 263, s. 1, v. 17, p. to shut off the water when such notice shall be disregarded from any 27'6. places where a waste of water is occurring. [See IP. S. U. S., ~ iSlo.] W li en us e o f SEC. 215. The use of Potomac water for mechanical and nanufacturpatrposes may berta in g purposes, or for private fountains, street and pavement washers, allowed. shall be allowed only when, in the opinion of the chief of engineers, it REGULATION OF STREETS, ETC. 25 will not be detrimental to the general distribution of water in the two 14 July, 1870, c. cities. 263, s. 2,v.16, p. 276. SEC. 216. The supply of water to all manufacturing establishments, Supply to be dehotels, livery-stables, and other places requiring a large quantity, shall termined by miebe determined by meters erected and maintained at the expense of the for water ge consumer; and the proper authorities shall charge and collect for the quantity so determined a price not exceeding three cents per hundred Ibid.,s. 3, p. 276. gallons.. SEc. 217. All water-rents derived from the Washington Aqueduct Application of shall be applied to the improvement andi repair of the samle and for no water-rents d e - rived from aqueother purpose. duct. 15 July, 1870, c. 292, s. 1, v. 16, pp. 301, 302. SEC. 218. The unlawful tapping of any water-pipe laid down in the Unlawful t a pDistrict by authority of the United States is a misdemeanor and an in- ping ofwater-pipes dictable offense; and any person convicted of Such offense in the crimi- psdealty. nor; nal court of the District shall be subject to a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year. 25 July, 1866, c. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 1803.] 254, v. 14, p. 251. SEC. 219. It is the special duty of the chief of engineers to bring to Duty of chief of the notice of the attorney of the United States for the District of Colurn- engineers to prosebia, or to the grand jury, any infraction of the preceding section. cute. Ibid. SEC. 220. Every person who maliciously breaks, injures, defaces, or Penalty for injurdestroys any main or pipe, bend, branch, valve, hydrant, service-pipe, ing pipe or fixor any other fixture used for the distribution of water throughout the tures. streets and avenues, or for its introduction into the houses, tenements, 3 March, 1859, c, or buildings of Washington and Georgetown, shall be punishable by 84,s.5, V. 11, p. 436. imLprisonmrent in the District jail for not more than two years. [See R. S. U. S., ~ 1S04.] SEC. 221. Every person who maliciously commits any act by reason Penalty for makof which the supply of water, or any part thereof, to the cities of Washing- ing water impure. ton and Georgetown, becomes impure, filthy, or unfit for use, shall be fined Ibid., s.7, p. 437. not less than five hundred nor more than one thousand dollars, or imprisoned at hard labor not more than three years nor less than one year. [See Bt. S. U. S., ~ 1806.] CHAPTER NINE. REGULATION OF STREETS, AVENUES, RESERVATIONS, ETC. Sec. Sec. 222. Occupation of streets, spaces, and 230. Penalty for failure to replace work; reservations prohibited. how recovered. 223. Railroads prohibited around certain 231. Grades in vicinity of Capitol. squares. 232. Street and avenue lamps to be kept 224. Restrictions on location of street rail- lighted. roads. 233. Lights to be increased; tax col225. Portions of streets and avenues may lected. be set aside as parks. 234. When Secretary of Interior may col226. Officer in charge of public buildings lect tax. and grounds to cause obstructions 235. United States not liable for expendito be removed from certain streets, tures for a building for District &c. offices, &c. 227. May institute suits; district attor- 236. Restrictions upon occupancy of land ney to prosecute. adjoining Washington Canal; own2'28. May give permits for certain pur- ership of the land. poses. 237. Certain appropriations not to imply 229. Penalty for obstructing certain streets, future obligations. &c. 3EC. 222. No open space, publi.; rSeraftion, or other public ground Occupation of in the city of Washington, nor any portion of the public streets or ave- public tr ee t s, 26 DISTRICT 01F COLUMBIA. spaces and reserva- nues in said city, shall be occupied by any private person, or for any tions prohibited. private purpose whatever. 17 May, 1848, c. 42, s. 13, v. 9, p. 229; 6 April, 1870, c. 47, v. 16, p. 82. Railroads pro- SEC. 223. All railroads are prohibited on the I-street and K-street bibited around cer- fronts of Farragut, Scott, and Franklin Squares. tain squares. 10 June, 1872, c. 415, s. l,v. 17, p. 350. Restrictions on SEC. 224. No further street-railroads shall be laid down in the city of location of street- Washington without the consent of Congress. railroads. 10 June, 1872, c. 415, s. 1, v. 17,p. 350. Po rtion s of SEC. 225. The proper authorities of the District are authorized to set streets and ave- apart from time to time, as parks, to be adorned with shade-trees, walks, lues may be set and inclosed with curb-stones, not exceeding one-half the width of any and all avenues and streets in the said city of Washington, except Penn6 April, 1870, c. sylvania, Louisiana, and Indiana avenues, and Four-and-a-half street 47, v. 1, p. 82. etween the City Hall and Pennsylvania avenue, leaving a roadway of not less than thirty-five feet in width in the center of said avenues and streets, or two such roadways on each side of the park in the center of the same; but such inclosures shall not be used for private purposes. OBSTRUCTION OF STREETS. ETC., IMPROVED WHOLLY OR- IN PART BY THE UNITED STATES. Officer in charge SEC. 226. It shall be the duty of the chief of engineers in charge of of Public Build- the public buildings and grounds to cause obstructions of every kind to ings and Grounds be removed from such streets, avenues, and side-walks in the city of to cause obstructionstoberemoved Washington as have been, or may be, improved in whole or in part by fr o m c e r t a i n the United States, and to keep the same, at all times, free from obstrucstreets, &c. tions. [See R. S. F. S., ~ 18s1.] 12 June, 1858, c. 154, s. 7, v. 11, p. 326. May institute SEC. 227. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of the presuits; district at- ceding section the chief of engineers shall have power to institute suits torneytoprosecute. in any court having competent jurisdiction, and it shall be the duty of Ibid. the United States attorney for the District to prosecute the same. May givepermits SEC. 228. Whenever any person desires to remove the paving-stones, for certain p u r- or to displace any other work done by the authority of the United States, poses. for the purpose of laying gas-pipes, or for any other purpose, it shall be Ibid. the duty of such person to obtain a written permit from the chief of engineers, and such person shall oblige themselves to replace the said work to the satisfaction of said officer, and within such time as he may prescribe. Penalty for ob- SEC. 229. If any person shall place any obstruction on the streets, structing certain avenues, or side-walks, so improved by the United States, such person streets, &c. shall pay the costs of removing the same, and shall be subject to a penIbid., s. 8, p. 326. alty of ten dollars, to be recovered as other.debts are recovered in said District, for each and every day the obstruction may remain after the chief of engineers shall have given notice for its removal. Penalty for fail- SEC. 230. If any person removing the paving-stones or other work uretoreplacework, done by the authority of the, United States shall fail to replace the same how recovered, to the satisfaction of the chief of engineers, within the time prescribed Ibid. by him, he shall be subject to a penalty of twenty-five dollars for each and every failure, and shall pay the costs of replacing the same, the whole to be recovered before any court in said District having competent jurisdiction. GRADES OF STREETS IN VICINITY OF CAPITOL. Grades in vicin- SEC. 231. The grades of the streets and avenues in the vicinity of the ity of the Capitol. Capitol are established in conformity with the plan approved by the 10 June, 1872, c. mayor of the city of Washington, the officer in charge of public build115, v, 17, p. 36L1 ings and grounds, and the Architect of the Capitol Extension, as authorized by the joint resolution approved July fourteenth, eighteei hundred and seventy; and for this purpose the plan made by Williaml Forsyth, REGULATION OF CONTRACTS, ETC. 27 surveyor, dated January twenty-third, eighteen hundred and seventyone, on file in the office of the Architect of the Capitol Extension, shall be considered authentic. ST REET-LIGHTS. SEC. 232. The avenue and street lamps in the City of Washington Street and aveshall be kept lighted with six-feet burners twenty-one nights in each nue lamps to be month from darkl until daylight. kept lighted. 27 July, 1868, Res. No. 75, s. 1, v. 15, p. 261; 28 July, 1866, c. 296, v. 14, p. 315. SEC. 233. The proper authorities are directed to increase from time to Lights to be intime, as the public good may require, the number of street-lamps on any creased when necof the streets, lanes, alleys, public ways, and grounds, in the city of leishty and tc. for W ashington, and to do any and all things pertaining to the well lighting lected. of the city, and to levy and collect a tax from the property-holders sufficient to defray the expenses thereof. 27 July, 1863, Res. No. 75, s. 3, v. 15, p. 262. SEC. 234. In event of the failure of the proper aulthorities to levy and Secretary of the collect the tax or to light the city as directed by the two preceding sec- Interior to levy tax when District antions7 the Secretary of the Interior shall levy and collect such tax suffi- thorities fail to do cient to light the city and to fully execute the provisions of the two pre- so. ceding sections. Ibid., s. 4, p. 262. DISTRICT BUILDINGS. SEC. 235. The United States shall not be liable for any expenditures UnitedStatesnot for land for the erection of a building for the District offices, nor for the liable for expendipurchase-money therefor, nor for the buildings to be erected the res fon r as building for District offices; and no land, or use thereof, is granted under the act of Congress of no land granted March third, eighteen hundred and seventy-three, chapter two hundred for such purpose. and twenty-eight, for the purpose of erecting such building. 3 March, 1873, c. 228, s. 1, v. 17, p. THE WASHIINGTON CANAL. 540. SEC. 236. The District authorities are not authorized to occupy nor to Restrictions uppermit others to occupy more than forty feet for the purpose of landing on OCCupaLncy of on any portion of either side of the Washington Canal, extending from Wlad atdjoininal on any portion Washington Canal. the Eastern Branch to Seventeenth street west upon the plan of the city Ownership of tlhe of Washington; and the land made by filling up said canal is declared land. to be the property of the United States. 31 May, 1832, c. 113, s. 9, v. 4, p. 524; 10 June, 1872, c. 415, s. 1, v. 17, p. 351. SEC. 237. The appropriations made by Congress for filling said canal Certain ap p r ofrom Seventh street west to Seventeenth street west, and for the inter- priations not to imcepting sewer along said canal, adjoining Government property, shall tly future oblligtions. not be construed to create or imply any obligation on the -art of the United States, in any respect whatever, in future. 10 June, 1872,c. 415, s. 1, V. 17, pp. 350, 351. CHAPTER TEN. REGULATION OF CONTRACTS AND ACCOUNTS FOR GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC WORKS. Sec. Sec. 238. Contracts to be advertised. 242. Rule of measurement. 239. Bids, how opened. 243. Extra material, how rated. 240. Contracts in advance of appropria- 244. Illegal vouchers to be stopped. tions, void. 245. Penalty for making or passing, &c., 241. Security required for advances to con- fraudulent vouchers. tractors. SEC. 23.8. All contracts for buildings and other public works of the advertised to. United States in the District of Columbia shall be advertised at least Adv g, eri.l sixty cdass before letting. los, S 1, vA. 1o, l. (;3. 28 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Bids,howopened. SEC. 239. Bids shall be opened in the presence of the bidders, if any 31 Aug., 1852, C. of them shall be present, and notice thereof shall'be given in the adver108, s. 1, v. 10, p. 93. tisement for proposals. Contracts in ad- SEC. 240. All contracts made without an appropriation of money for vainOtof appropri- an object, the subject of a contract, are void. [see n. s. U. 5., ~~ a733,5503.] ations void. Ibid. Securityrequired SEC. 241. Good and sufficient security shall be given for twice the fo r advances to amount of money advanced at any time to a contractor under any concontractors. tract. tract. Ibid. Rule of meas- SEC,. 242. The following rule of measurement shall be applied to all urement. buildings and other public works and contracts in the District of ColunmIbid. bia, namely: FIRST. The work and materials shall be measured agreeably to the original contracts. SECOND. The contracts and the proposals shall be put in the hands of the measurer, w ho, before entering on duty, shall be sworn to examine and measure and report every part of the work and materials without deviation from the contracts and proposals. Extrw materials, SEC. 243. If it is shown that any extra materials are used they shall how rated. be rated at the pro-rata price for materials only, and shall be entered Ibid. in a separate column of the account. Illegal vouchers SEC. 244. It shall be the duty of the First Comptroller of the Treasto be stopped. ury to arrest and stop any voucher not made in form and in accordance Ibid. with the terms of the contract against which it is drawn. Penalty formak- SEC. 245. It shall be a penal offense for every measurer and inspector ing or passing, &c., of work, or disbursing officer, to make, or present, or to pass, or attempt fraudulent vouch- to pass, any falsely made or fictitious voucher to draw money from the Ibd. *Treasury on any contracts or accounts whatever. Ibid. /[See R. S. U. S., ~~ 5438, 5440, 3490-3494.1 CHAPTER ELEVEN. HIGHWAYS, ROADS, AND BRIDGES. Sec. Sec. 246. What are public highways. 257. When owners of land object and 247. Legislative assembly to havejurisdic- claim damages. tion over roads and bridges. 258. Marshal to give notice to owners. 248. Public highways to be surveyed and 259. When objections shall be presumed. recorded. 260. Marshal to summon jury and admin249. Boundaries to be permanently marked. ister oath. 250. Width and location of roads. 261. What the jury shall consider. 251. Fields, gardens, and yards, when not 262. Proceedings upon rendering verdict. to be taken for roads. 263. When a second jury may be sum252. Laying out or widening or changing moned. roads. 264. Verdict of second jury conclusive. 253. Notice to be given and objections 265. Costs, by whom paid. heard. 266. Fees of marshal and jurors. 254. Proceedings when route objected to 267. Materials, how may be condemed. and others proposed. 268. Penalty for willful injury to public 255. When no objection is made after road. notice. 269. Penalty for obstructing free use of 256. When parties interested are agreed. highways. 270. Fines, how collected and disposed of. What are public SEC. 246. All public roads within said District, outside the limits highways. of Washington and Georgetown, which have been duly laid out or de30 Mar., 1810, c. dared and recorded as such, are public highways. 21, s. 1, v. 2, p. 569; 1 July, 1812, c. 117, s. 4, v. 2, p. 772; 3 May, 1862, c. 63, s. 2, v. 12, p. 383; 21 Feb, 1863, c. 51, s. 1, v. 12, 1p. 658; 3 Mar., 1863, c. 106, s. 8, v. 12, pp. 801,802; 25 June, 1864, c. 157, as. 8, v. 13, p. 194; 9 May, 1866, c. 76, v. 14, p. 45; 3 Mar., 1871, c. 139, ss. 1, 2, v. 16, p. 586. HIGHWAYS, ROADS, AND BRIDGES. 29 SEC. 247. The legislative assembly shall have the care and charge of, Legisl]ative asan(l the exclusive jurisdiction over, all the public roads and bridges, ex- seibly tc have jurisdicti o n ov'er cept such as belong to and are under the care of the United States, and roads and bridges. except such as may be otherwise specially provided for by Congress. [See ~ 67.] 25 June, 1864, c. 107, s. 1, v. 13, p. 193; 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, ss. 5, 18, v. 16(;, pp. 420, 423. SEc. 248. Every public highway shall be surveyedand platted, and a Public highways certificate of the survey and plat shall be recorded among the records to be surveyed and used for recording surveys and plots of highways. 1 July, 1812, c. 117, s. 4, v. 2, p. 772; 3 May, 1862, c. 63, s. 3, v. 12, p. 383; 21 Feb., 1863, c. 51, s. 1, v. 12, p. 658. SEC. 249. The boundaries of every public highway shall be perma- Boundari es to nently marked and fixed by the erection of stones or posts at the be permanen tly different angles thereof. 3 May, 1862, c. 63, s. 3, v. 12, P. 384. SEC. 250. In laying out new roads, the proper authorities charged Width and locatherewith shall cause such roads to be of a width not less than fifty nor tion of roads. more than one hundred feet, and may also cause the width of any ex- Ibid., s. 5, p. 384. isting roads to be increased to not more than one hundred feet, andl Inay change the location of any of them as may be deemed best for the public interest. SEc. 251. No field, garden, or yard in actual cultivation shall be laid Fields, gardens, open or used as a public highway until after the usual time of taking and yards, bwhen off the crops growing thereon. roads. Ibid., s. 7, p. 384. SEC. 252. Whenever application shall be made to the proper authori- Laying out or ties, by residents of the District without the limits of Washington and widening, or ch'Lnging roads. Georgetown, to lay out a new or alter any existing road, and whenever such authorities shall deem it conducive to the public interests to open 3 Mar., 1863, c. a new road, or widen or change the course of an old one, the route of such 106, 8, v. 12 pp. 801,802. road shall be surveyed, and a plat or map of the same prepared. 3 May, 1862, c. 63, s. 5, v. 12, p. 384. SEC. 253. The proper authorities shall cause notice to be given, by Notice to begivadvertisement twice a week for three weeks, of the proposed opening en and objections of the new road, or of the alteration of an existing one, calling upon all heard. persons who may have any objections thereto to present them to such 3 Mar., 1863, c. authorities at their next regular meeting, when, if any objections are 106, s. 8, v. 12, p. made, such objections shall be heard. 801. SEC. 254. If the route only is objected to, and another suggested as Proceedings when more advantageous, such route may be adopted, or five discreet, disin- roate objerted to terested men, of whom the surveyor shall be one, may be appointed to posedo examine all the proposed routes and report such one as they shall deem most feasible and advantageous to the District, and such report shall Ibid. be made to the authorities at their next meeting. SEC. 255. If no objection to opening or altering a road is made by When no objecthe owners of the land through which it must pass, after such notice, it tion is made after shall be taken for granted that no damages are or will be claimed, and the notice. road may be recorded and opened, and shall then be a public road or Ibid. highvway. SEC. 256. The notice required to be given by section two hundred and When parties in fifty-three need not be given when all the parties interested are agreed, interest areagreed. and all roads laid out under such agreement without notice being given 25 June, 1864, c. are lawful highways. 157, s. 8, v. 13, p. 194. SEC. 257. If any owner of land shall object and claim damages, and W'hen owners of the amount cannot be agreed upon, the proper authorities shall direct land object and the marshal of the District to summon a jury of seven judicious, dlisin claim damages. tereste(l men, not related to any party interested, to be and appear on 3 Mar., 1863, c. the premises on a day specified to assess the cdlamages, if any, which 8106, s. 8, v. 12, p. each owner of land through which the road is to pass may sustain by 80. reason thereof. 30 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Marshal to give SEC. 258. It shall be the duty of the marshal, upon receiving the notice to owners. order mentioned in the preceding section, to give the owners not less 3 Mar., 1863, c. than ten days' notice of the time and place of the meeting of the jury to 106,s. 8, v. 12, p. 802. assess their clamages. When objection SEC. 259. In cases where notice cannot be served on the owner, and shall be presumed. in all cases where the land through which it is proposed to run a road Ibid. shall belong to a minor or minors, it is presumed that objection is made, and damages shall be assessed accordingly. Marshal to sum- SEC. 260. The marshal shall summon the jury, and administer an oath mon jury and ad- or affirmation to them that they will, without favor or partiality to any minister oath. one, to the best of their judgment, decide what damage, if any, each Ibid. owner may sustain by reason of running the road through his premises. What the jury SEC. 261. In making their decision the jury shall take into considerashall consider. tion the benefit such road may be to each owner by enhancing the value Ibid. -of his land, or otherwise, and shall give their verdict accordingly. Proceedings upon -SEC. 262. The jury, having been upon the l)remises and assessed the rendering verdict. damages, shall make out a written verdict, to be signed by them, or a Ibid. majority of them, and attested by the marshal, which the marshal shall transmit to the proper authorities at their next meeting, and which shall be recorded. WVhen a second SEC. 263. If the proper authorities or any owners of the land are disjlury may be suim- satisfied with the verdict thus rendered, and no arrangement being made inoned; proceed- between them, the marshal shall be ordered to summon a second jury of ings. twelve judicious, disinterested men, not related to any one interested, Ibid. to meet and view the premises, giving the parties interested at least ten days' notice of the time and place of meeting. And the marshal anud jury shall proceed as before directed in regard to the first jury. Verdict of second SEC. 264. The verdict of the second jury, signed by each of the jurors, jury conclusive. or a majority of them, shall be returned to the proper authorities at Ibid. their next meeting and recorded as final and conclusive, and the road shall then be declared a public road, and opened as such. Costs, by whom SEC. 265. In all cases where it becomes necessary to summon a secpaid. ond jury to assess damages, if the amount assessed by the second jury Ibid. shall not be greater than the amount assessed by the first, the costs of the second jury shall be paid by the parties objecting to the first verdict; but if greater, they shall be paid by the District. All expenses up to the second jury shall be paid by the District. Fees of marshal SEC. 266. The following fees are payable under the provisions of this and jurors. chapter: Ibid. MARSHAL'S FEES. For summoning each juror the marshal SAall be entitled to fifty cents. For travel, per mile, going and coming to the premises to be exam-ined, twelve and a half cents. For each day's attendance, two dollars and fifty cents. JUIRORS FEES. For each day's attendance, two dollars. Materials, how SEC. 267. In any case where materials of any kind shall be deemed maybecondemned. necessary for making or repairing a public road, if the proper authoribid., s. 9, p. 802. ities cannot agree with the owner as to their purchase, such materials may be condemned in the same manner as provided for in this chapter in cases of condemnation of land for the purposes of a l)ublic road. Penalty for will- SEC. 268. If any person shall alter or in any manner obstruct or enfulinjurytopublic croach on a p ublic road, or cut, destroy, deface, or remove any mileroad. stones set up on such road, or place any rubbish, dirt, logs, or makle any 1 July, 1812, c. pit or hdole therein, such person may be in(lictedl, and, upolln conviction 117, s. 7, v. 2, p. thereof before the proper court, sllhall be fined or imprisoned, ill the dlis772. cretion of the court, alccordingb to the lnature of the offense. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 31 SEc. 269. Any person who, without lawful authority, shall obstruct Penalty for ohthe free use of any of the public highways, which had been used and strulting free use recognized as public county-roads for twenty-five years prior to May of highways. thirdl, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, and which were thereafter duly 3 May, 1862, c. surveye(l, recorded, and declared -public highways according to law, 63, 2. 2, v. 12, p. slhall be subject to la fine for each offense of not less than one hundred nor more than two hundred and fifty dollars, and be imprisoned till the fine and the costs of suit and collection of the same are paid. SEC. 270. The fines provided for in the preceding section shall be col- Fines, how collected in the name of the United States for the use of that portion of lectedanddisposed the District outside of the limits of Washington and Georgetown. of [See ~~ 313-316.] -' Ibid. CHAPTER TWELVE. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. See. Sec. 271. All children between certain ages to 301. Treasurer's statement to be transmitbe sent to school; penalty for neg- ted to the legislative assembly. lect. 302. Compensation and bond of treasurer. 272. When penalty not to be enforced. 303. Treasurer and secretary to attend'273. Trustees to enforce attendance. meetings of the board. 274. Children not vaccinated not to be 304. Superintendent; appointment and admitted. salary. 275. Construction of laws. 305. Board of trustees not to create of276. Formation of school-districts outside fices, &c. of Washington and Georgetown. 306. Proportionate part of school-moneys 277. How revised and altered. to be set apart for colored schools. 278. Farms not to be divided. 307. To whom and when paid over, and 279. General duties of school-board. how payments may be enforced. 280. Cost of school-houses. 308. Action of debt may be maintained. 281. To provide for the education of col- 309. Board of trustees to have control of ored children. fund. 282. Where children may be placed at 310. To establish schools. school. 311. To have the powers of trustees of 283. Donations for colored schools. public schools. 284. School-taxes; how and when col- 312. Tax-levy for the support of public lected, and to whom paid. schools. 285. Apportionment of school-fund. 313. Moneys derived from fines, penalties, 286. Condemnation of land for school- and forfeitures. sites; proceedings. 314. To be applied equally for the educa287. When no appeal is made. tion of white and colored children. 288. In case of appeal, and when notice:315. Proportion for colored schools to be cannot be given. paid to treasurer of board of trus289. Costs; by whom payable. tees. 290. Verdict of the jury. 316. Penalty for violation of preceding 291. When title to pass. section. 292. Option ef the school-board. 317. Certain land given by United States 293. When school-houses shall not belo- for school-purposes not to be dicated withont consent. verted. 294. Board of trustees of colored schools 318. Sale of part of lot authorized; proin Washington and Georgetown. ceeds, how to be invested. 295. Terms of office. 319. Certain lots granted for colored 296. Reports of board. schools to revert to United States, 297. Secretary and treasurer. when. 298. Appointments and removals by the 320. Certain pieces of land in Washington governor. set apart exclusively for school-pur299. Duty and salary of the secretary. poses. 300 Duties of treasurer. SEC. 271. Every person in the District of Columbia, having under All children becontrol any child between the ages of eight and fourteen years, shall tween certain ages annuall y,t during tile continuance of such control, send such child to to besentto school; some puiblic school in that part of the District in which he shall at the lect. time reside, at least twelve weeks, six of whioh shall be conlsecutive, and for 25 June, 1864, c every neglect of such duty the party offending shall forfeit to the use of 156 Jsu, v. 13, p. the school of that portion of the District ill which he resides a sulm not 192. 32 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. exceeding twenty dollars, to be recovered before any justice of the peace of the District. [See ~ 59.] When penalty SEC. 272. If upon the hearing of any case, provided for in the precednot to be enforced. ing section, it shall be made to appear to the justice that the party so 25 June, 1864, c. offending was not able for any cause to send such child to school, or that 156, s. 20, v. 13, p. the child has been attending any other school for a like period of time, or that the child by reason of bodily or mental infirmity was not fit to attend such school, the penalty shall not be enforced. Trustees to en- SEC. 273. The trustees or school-board having charge of public schools force attendance. in the District may make such arrangements for the purpose of ascer-,25 June, 1864, c. taining whether any children within the ages prescribed by law are not 156, s. 21, v. 13, pp. attending the public schools, as they shall deem best for the purpose of 192, 193. enforcing the attedlance of such children upon said schools under the provisionsof the two i)receding sections. Children. n o t SEC. 274. No child shall be admitted into the public schools who shall vaccinated not to not haNve been duly vaccinated or otherwise protected against the smallbe admitted. Ibid. Construction of SEC. 275. The provisions of this chapter are declared public and relaws. medial, and shall be construed by all courts of justice according to the Ibid., s. 22, p. 193. equity thereof; and no proceedings of the inhabitants or of the trustees of any school-district, or of any other officer created under the provisions of this chapter shall be set aside or adjudged to be void for defect of form, or for any irregularity therein, so that the requirements of law are substantially complied with. PRIMARY SCHOOLS WITHOUT THE LIMITS OF THE CITIES OF WAPSHINGTON AND GEORGETOWN. Formation of SEC. 276. There shall be in that portion of the District without the school-districts. limits of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, seven suitable and( 20 May, 1862, c. convenient school-districts, two of which shall be located west of Rock 77, s. 3, v. 12, p. Creek, three between Rock Creek and the Eastern Branch, and two east 2395. Julle c.and south of the Eastern Branch. 25 June, 1864, c. 156, s. 1, v. 13, p. 187; 21 Feb., 1871. c. 62, s. 1, v. 16, p. 419. How revised and SEC. 277. The school-districts provided for by the preceding sectioi altered. shall remain as now laid down according to law, subject to revision and;5 June, 1S64, c. alteration by the legislative assembly. 156, s. 1, v. 13, p. 187; 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 5, v. 16, p. 420. Farms not to be SEC. 278. In any alteration of school-districts no tracts of land lying edi ided. contiguous and forming one farm shall be divided so that portions of the, Alsay, l' 12, c same property shall be included in two separate districts.'797, s. 31 v. 12, P. 395. General duties of SEC. 279. The persons who may be appointed or elected by authority school-board. of the legislative assembly as a school-board for that portion of the Dis25 Jnne, 1864, c. trict without the limits of the cities of Washington andt Georgetown, 156l,. 9, v. 13, p. shall have power and it shall be their duty: 188. First. To receive and disburse any fiund which may be provided for 621 Feb., 1871, c. the purchase of sites and the erection and support of primary schools in 62, secs. 23, 30, v. 16, pp. 424, 425. such portion'of the District. Second. To regulate the number of children to be taught in each of said schools. Third. To select, upon a thorough examination, such teachers as are competent, giving to each a certificate of qualifications, without which no teacher shall be entitled to receive pay; and to fix their salaries and terms of service. Fourth. To suspend or expel from any school allny pupil who will not submit to the reasonable and ordinary rules of order andl discipline therein. Fifth. To prescribe the course of study and the text-books to be used in the schools, to regulate au(d control the purchase and (listributiol of PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 33 books, maps, globes, stationery, and other things necessary for the same, and generally to prescribe rules and regulations for the management, good government, and well ordering of said schools. Sixth. To report to the legislative assembly, at the close of each schoolyear, the amount of all expenditures on account of schools in the several districts during the previous school year, and the manner in which the same shall have been expended, specifying the portion and amount thereof expended for the services of teachers, and also to particularly set forth the number of pupils taught, their average attendance and progress, and such other statistics as the legislative assembly may require. Seventh. To select, purchase, or otherwise procure suitable sites for school-houses in each district; to adopt plans and cause such schoolhouses to be built, kept in repair, and furnished; to supply the same with necessary fuel, books, stationery, and appendages, and to defray the necessary expenses of the board; but the pay of teachers shall always have preference. SEC. 280. The cost of such school-houses shall not exceed fifteen hun- Cost of schooldred dollars, unless by private subscription, except where the number houses. of scholars is sufficiently large to require two schools, in which case the 25 June, 15864, c. sum may reach three thousand dollars. 189. SEC. 281. It shall be the duty of the school-board to provide suitable To provide for and convenient houses or rooms for holding schools for colored children, the education of to employ and examine teachers therefor, and to appropriate a propor- colored children. tion of the school-funds, to be determined by the numbers of white and Ibid.,s.17, p. 191. colored children, between the ages of six and seventeen years, to the payment of teachers' wages, to the building or renting of school-rooms, and other necessary expenses pertaining to said schools, to exercise a general supervision over them, to establish proper discipli.ne, and to endeavor to promote a thorough, equitable, and practical education of colored children in said portion of the district. SEC. 282. Any white resident shall be privileged to place his or her Where children child or ward at any one of the schools provided for the education of may be placed in white children in said. portion of the district he or she may think proper school. to select, with the consent of the school-board; and any colored resident bid.,s. 16, p. 191. shall have the same rights with respect to colored schools. SEC. 283. The school-board is authorized to receive any donations or Donations for contributions that may be made for the benefit of the schools for colored colored schools. children by persons disposed to aid in the elevation of the colored popula- Ibid., s. 17 P. 191. tion in the District, and to apply the same in such manner as in their opinion shall be best calculated to effect the object of the donors; the school-board to account for all funds so received, and to report the same to the legislative assembly. SEC. 284. The taxes assessed for school purposes in the district with- School-taxes, out the limits of Washington and Georgetown shall be due at the same how and when coltime and be collected in the same manner and under the same regu- lected, an dl t o lations and restrictions as prescribed by law in relation to the collection ib id., of other taxes, and when collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the 188, 189. school-fund. [See ~ 312.] SEC. 285. The school-board shall apportion the school-fund, after de- Apportionment ducting such part thereof as the provisions of section two hundred and of school-fund. eighty-one, assign to the education of colored children among the sev- Ibid.,. 11, p. 189. eral school districts, giving each one-seventh of the whole amount then remaining, (deducting the necessary expenses of the school-board,) according to the number of children in each district between the ages of six and seventeen years. SEC. 286. Whenever suitable sites cannot be purchased for the erec- Condemnation of tion of school-houses the school-board shall have power to condemn and 1 a n d for schoolvalue land suitable for that purpose, not exceeding one acre for each sites; proceedings. site, by giving ten days' notice in writing to the proprietors thereof, Ibid, s. 12, p. 189. except in cases where notice cannot be served and in cases of minors,.21 Feb.,1p8.4,0. married women, and persons non compos, and filing wmith the secretary 4 of the District for inspection a certificate.describing such lands, with 1 s II —-— 3 34 DISTREICOT OF COLUMBIA. the value assessed thereon, which shall be sufficient notice to the proprietors of such land that the board is ready to pay the amount of damages so assessed. When no appeal SEC. 287. If within thirty days from the filing of the certificate, as is made., provided by the preceding section, the proprietors of the land shall not 25 June, 1864, c. appeal from the decision of the school-board, by written notice left with 156, s. 12, v. 13, pp. the secretary of the District, the amount so assessed shall be paid to 189,190. the proprietors, and the title of such land and premises shall pass to 21 Feb., 1871, c. and be vested in the District of Columbia, and said certificate shall be 62, s. 41, v. 16, pp. 428, 429. recorded in the land records of the District. In case of appeal SEC. 288. If the proprietors of such land and premises shall, within and when notice thirty days, notify the school-board, in writing, left with the secretary cannot be given; of the District, of their dissent from the valuation of such land so made, or if the land, or any part thereof, be owned by a minor, married woman, 25 June, 1864, c. or person non compos, or if notice cannot be served, it shall be lawful 156, s. 12, v. 13, p. for the school-board to issue their warrant to the marshal of the District, commanding him to summon a jury of five freeholders, not interested in the matter, to appear, on a day appointed, on the premises, and after having each taken an oath (which the marshal or any one of the schoolboard is authorized to administer) that he will, without favor or prejudice, assess the damages sustained by the proprietor of the land by reason of the condemnation of said land, the jury so qualified shall proceed to value and assess the damages accordingly. Costs; by whom SEC. 289. If the amount assessed by the jury shall not be greater payable. than the amount previously assessed, the whole costs of the appeal Ibid. shall be chargeable to the appellant, to be paid by the school-board and deducted from the cost of the land in settlement therefor; otherwise the board shall pay the expenses incurred by reason of such appeal, the marshal's and juror's fees to be computed as provided in chapter eleven of this title. [See ~ 266.1 Verdict of t h e SEC. 290. The jury, immediately after they shall have completed their jury. inquest and assessed the damages, shall make out a written verdict, Ibid. setting forth a full and distinct description of the land and premises and the valuation or damages assessed therefor, which shall be signed by them, or a majority of them, and having been attested by the marshal, shall be immediately returned to the secretary of the District, and shall be final. Titletopassupon SEC. 291. Upon payment, or offer of payment, to the proprietors of payment:or tender the land of the damages assessed according to the provisions of the of damages assess- three preceding sections, the title to such land shall pass to and be veste ed in- the District of Columbia, and the verdict of the jury shall be reIbid. corded in the land records of the District. Option of the SEC. 292. In. any of the cases mentioned in the four preceding secschool-board. tions it shall' be optional with the school-board to abide by the verdict Ibid. of the jury and occupy the land or abandon it, without being subject to damages therefor. W her e school- SEC. 293. It shall not be lawful to locate any site for a school-house houses shall not be in any orchard or garden, nor within three hundred yards of any dwelllocated without ing-house, without the consent of the proprietor of such dwelling-house, consent~ll. czand in order to obtain such consent or refusal thirty days' notice shall Ibid.,s. 14. be given to the proprietor by the school-board, notifying him of their intention; and if, within thirty days, no answer is returned by the proprietor, it shall be taken for consent, and the board may proceed to erect their school-house. COLORED SCHOOLS IN WASHINGTON AND GEOtRGETOWN. Board of trus- SEC. 294. There shall be a board of trustees of schools for colored tees. children in the cities of Washington and Georgetown, which shall con3 March, 1873, c. Sist of nine persons, seven of whom shall be citizens of Washington and 308, s. 1, v. 17, p. two citizens of Georgetown. 619, PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 35 SEC. 295. Of the trustees from the city of Washington two shall be Term of office. appointed for the term of three years, three for the term of two years, 3 Mlch, 1873, c. and two for the term of one year from the date of their appointments, 308, s. 2, v. 17, p. respectively; and of those from the city of Georgetown one shall be 619. appointed for the, term of three years and one for the term of one year from the date of their appointments respectively. SEc. 296. The board of trustees shall furnish annually, on or before Reports of hoard. the 1st day of April, a correct report of their transactions to the governor of the District, who shall transmit one copy each to the council Ibid and house of delegates of the legislative assembly, with such suggestions as he may think proper relating to said schools; and any additional information that the legislative assembly, or either branch thereof, shall, from time to time, request by resolution shall be transmitted by the board of trustees to the governor, to be by him transmitted to the legislative assembly. SEC. 297. There shall be a secretary and a treasurer of the board of Secretary a n d trustees, who shall be appointed annually. treasurer. Ibid., s. 3, p. 619. SEC. 298. The trustees, secretary, and treasurer shall be appointed Appointmen ts and may be removed by the governor, and vacancies in the board of an)d removals by trustees shall be filled in the same manner for the unexpired term. the governor. Ibid., s. 4, p. 620. SEC. 299. It shall be the duty of the secretary of the board to keep Duty and salary an accurate account of all proceedings of the board in a journal to be of the secretary. kept for that purpose, and to perform such other duties as appertain to Ibid, s. 3 his office or may be required of him by the board, and shall also act as secretary to the superintendent and perfbrm such clerical service as inay be required by the superintendent, and for his services shall receive the sum of twelve hundred dollars per annuam. SEC. 300. It shall be the duty of the treasurer to disburse the funds Duties of tressunder the control of the board of trustees, in accoirdanlce with the pro- urer. visions of the acts of Congress and the legislative assembly of the Ibid.,pp.619,620. District governing the disbursement of moneys appropriated for the support of the public schools of Washington and Georgetown, as he may be directed by a vote of a majority of the board, and to keep accurate and full accounts of all moneys received by the board, present proper vouchers for all expenditures, and prepare annually a full and correct statement of the financial transactions of the board. SEC. 301. The treasurer's statement, after being approved by the Treasurer's8stteboard, shall be transmitted to the governor, whose duty it shall be to mitted to legislaforward copies thereof to the council and house of delegates, if requested tive assemblry. by resolution. Ibid., p. 6;0. SEC. 302. The treasurer shall receive five hundred dollars per annum Compensation as compensation for his services, and he shall give bond, in the sum of and bond of treastwenty thousand dollars, with good and sufficient securities, to be urer. approved by the governor. Ibid. SEC. 303. It shall be the duty of the treasurer and the secretary to Secretary aln d attend all meetings of the board of trustees, but they shall not be treetings of the entitled to a vote. board. Ibid. SEC. 304. There shall be a superintendent of schools for colored children, Superintendent, who shall be appointed by the governor and hold office during his pleas- appointment and ure, and who shall receive a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars salary. annually. Ibid., s. 5, p. 620. Board of trustees SEC. 305. The board of trustees shall not create any additional offices, not to create ofor change or fix the salaries of the officers connected with the board. flees or fix salaries. Ibid. SEC. 306. It shall be the duty of the proper authorities of the District Proport i o n at to set apart each year from the whole fund received from all sources by cys to of setl apmr such authorities applicable to purposes of public education in the cities eor colored sclools. 36 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 25 June, 1864, c. of Washington and Georgetown such a proportionate part of all moneys 156, s. 18, v. 13, P. received or expended for school or educational purposes in said cities, 191. 23 July, 1866, c. including the cost of sites, buildings, improvements, f'urniture, and books, 217, s. 1, v. 14, p. and all other expenditures on account of schools, as the colored children 216. between the ages of six and seventeen years in the respective cities bear to the whole number of children, white and colored, between the same ages, for the purpose of establishing and sustaining public schools in said cities for the education of colored children; and such proportion shall be ascertained by the last reported census of the population of said cities made prior to such apportionment, and shall be regulated at all times thereby. [see ~ 115.J To whom and SEC. 307. The proportion of school-money provided by the preceding when paid over, section to be set apart for colored schools, shall be kept as a fund distinct and how payment from the general school fund, and shall e paid to the treasurer of the board of trustees of schools for colored children, and shall be considered 21 May, 1862, c. due and payable to said treasurer on the first day of October of each 83, s. 2,v. 12. p.407. year, and if not then so paid over, interest at the rate of ten per centumn 25 June, 1864, c. per annum on the amount unpaid may be demanded and collected from p 19, 1892v 13, the authorities of the District by said trustees. [See~~ 16-118.] 23 July, 1866, c. 217, s. 1, v. 14, p. 216; 3 March, 1873, c. 308, s. 5, v. 17, p. 620. Action of debt ASEC. 308. The trustees may maintain an action of debt in the supreme againsttheDistrict court of the District against the District for the non-payment of any sum for non-payment. of money arising under the provisions of the two preceding sections. 23 July, 1866, c. 217, s. 2, v. 14, p. 216. Board of trustees SEC. 309. The board of trustees of schools for colored children shall to have control of have sole control of the fund- arising under the provisions of section three hundred and three, as well as from contributions by persons 21 May, 1862, c. disposed to aid in the education of the colored race, or from any other 83, s. 2, v. 12, p. 4097* V. s SOUl-Ce. [See ~06.] 11 July, 1862, c. 151, s. 1, v. 12, pp. 537, 538; 3 March, 1873, c. 308, s. 1, v. 17, p. 619. To establish SEC. 310. It is made the duty of the trustees to provide suitable schools. rooms and teachers for such a number of schools in Washington and Ibid. Georgetown as, in their opinion, will best accommodate the colored children in the various portions of said cities. To have the SEC. 311. The board of trustees of schools for colored children shall power of trustees possess all the powers, exercise the same functions, and have the same of pIublic schools. supervision over the schools provided for in this chapter for the educa21 May, 1862, c. tion of colored children in Washington and Georgetown, as are exer83, s. 3, v. 12, p. 407. cised over the public schools in said cities, by the trustees thereof; by virtue of the laws and ordinances in force in said cities respectively. SUPPORT OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Special tax for SEC. 312. The legislative assembly is authorized to levy and collect a houses and the special tax on the taxable property in the city of Washington, in the support of public city of Georgetown, and in that portion of the District without the schools. limits of said cities, subject to the provisions of section three hundred 20 July, 1868, c. and three,* for the erection of school-houses and the support of public 177, s. 8, v. 15, p. schools, not exceeding fifty cents on each one hundred dollars for any 120. one year, to be assessed and collected as other taxes. [see ~ 306.] APPLICATION OF MONEYS DERIVED FROM FINES, PENALTIES, AND FORFEITURES. Moneys derived SEC. 313. All moneys derived from fines, penalties, and forfeitures from fines, penfl- imposed in the District for violations of the laws of the United States ties, and forfeitures to be applied within said District, shall constitute funds for the support of public to thle support of schools ill the following proportions, namely: schools. PUBLIC SCHiOOLS. 37 One-fourth for the primary schools in that portion of the District 25 June, 1864, c. without the limits of Washington and Georgetown. 156, s. 19, v. 13, p. One-fourth for the public schools in the city of Georgetown. Feb., 1871, c. 21 Feb., 1871, c. Two-fourths for the public schools in the city of Washington. 62, s. 41, v. 16, p. 429. SEC. 314. The funds obtained for educational purposes in accordance To be applied with the preceding section shall be applied to the education of both equally for the education of white white and colored children, in the- proportion of the numbers of each and colored chilbetween the ages of six and seventeen years, as determined by the dren. latest census report that shall have been made prior to such apportion- Ibid. ment. SEC. 315. The governor of the District is authorized and instructed to Proportion for pay over every three momsth such portion of said moneys as by the pro- colored schools to visions of the two preceding sections are applicable to the education of e Poid to treascolored children in the cities of Washington and Georgetown, to the trustees. treasurer of the board of trustees of schools for colored children in said cities, to be used by said trustees for the education of colored children, 25 June, 1864, c. according to the provisions of law. 156, s. 19, v. 13, p. 192. 3 Mar., 1873, c. 308, s. 5, v. 17, p. 620. SEC. 316. Any officer failing to pay over the moneys as provided by Penalty for viothe preceding section, shall be liable to a fine of not less than three lation of preceding hundred nor more than five hundred dollars, to be collected by prosecu-. tion in the criminal court of the D)istrict. 25 Jsne, 1864, p. 192; 12 July, 1862, c. 158,'s. 2, v. 12, p. 542. PROVISIONS RELATING TO LAND CONVEYED BY THE UNITED STATES FOR SCHOOL PURPOSES,. SEC. 317. The lot of land marked upon the plan of the city of Wash- Certainlandgiv. ington as lot number fourteen, in square number two hundred and sixty- en by the United three, which was conveyed to said city by the Commissioner of Public States for school be Buildings, under authority of an act of Congress dated June fifth, eighteen diverted. hundred and sixty, for the use of the public schools in said city, shall not be sold, assigned, or conveyed or diverted, for any other purpose 77, v. 12, p. 27. except as provided in the following section. 4 June, 1872, c. 290, v. 17, p. 221. SEC. 318. The proceeds of that portion of lot number fourteen, in Sale of part of square number two hundred and fifty-three, which was authorized to be lot authori z e d; sold by an act of Congress dated June fourth, eighteen hundred and proceeds,- how to seventy-two, shall be invested by the authorities of the District in be invested. another lot or part of a lot in the city of Washington, and in improve- Ibid. ments thereon; and the property so purchased shall be used for the purpose of the public schools, and for no other purpose. SEc. 319. The lots of land. numbered one, two, and eighteen, in square Certain lots number nine hundred and eighty-five, in the city of Washington, which granted for colored were designated and set apart by the Secretary of the Interior to be used schools to revert to for colored schools, and conveyed to the trustees of colored schools for United S t a t e s the cities of Washington and Georgetown, by the Commissioner of Pub- any other purpose. lic Buildings, under authority of an act of Congress dated July twentyeight, eighteen hundred and sixty-six, for the sole use, of schools for col 3028 Juy146,18. 6. ored children in the District of Columbia, shall, if converted to other uses, revert to the United States. SEC. 320. That parcel of land marked and designated upon the map Certain pieces of of the city of Washington as part of lot number eleven, in square num- land in Washingbe&r one hundred and forty-one, beginning at the northwest corner of ton set apart exsaid lot, and running thence due south on the west line of said square, clusivelyforschool fifty feet; thence due east, thirty feet; thence due north, fifty feet; purpoSes. thence due west on the north line of said square, to the point of begin- 4 June, 1872, c. ning, and also that piece of land marked and designated upon said map 289, v. 17, p. 221. as a public reservation, located between Eighth anld Ninth streets and K street and Virginia avenue southeast, known as the Anacostia engine 38 DISTRICT OF COLUMBTA. house, together with the buildings and improvements thereon, are severally set apart and appropriated for the use of the public schools in the city of Washington, so long as they shall be occupied for that purpose, and no longer. CHAPTER THIRTEEN. METROPOLITAN POLICE. Sec. Sec. 321. Establishment of metropolitan po- 369. Precincts. lice district. 370. Stations and sub-stations. 322. Commissioners of police. 371. Proper station-houses to be provided 323. From whence appointed. by local authorities. 324. Oath of office. 372. Power of board in case of neglect. 325. General powers of commissioners. 373. Residence of members of police force. 326. Board of police, how constituted. 374. Details for duty. 327. Vote of governor, ex-oficio. 375. Additional privates, how appointed. 328. Quorum. 376. Duties and powers. 329. Pay of members of board. 377. How removed. 330. Officers of board. 378. Special policemen without pay. 331. President and treasurer, how elected. 379. Powers and duties; badge. 332. Treasurer's bond and salary. 380. Aid to be given to board of health. 333. Secretary. 381. Sanitary police company. 334. General power conferred upon board. 382. Powers of sanitary company. 335. Duties of the board. 383. Reports and complaint. 336. Jurisdiction. 384. Proceedings of court on complaint. 337. Rules and regulations. 385. Proceedings upon hearing. 338. When to furnish information, &c., 386. Books and records; what to be kept. to legislative assembly and gov- 387. Treasurer's account. ernor. 388. Record of meetings of the board. 339. Annual report. 389. Books to be open to public inspection. 340. Police force, how composed. 390. Police returns and reports. 341. Appointment and tenure of office. 391. Power of board to issue subpoenas. 342. Qualifications, duties, &c., how pre- 392. Who may administer oaths to witscribed. nesses. 343. Authority of major of police. 393. Perjury in such cases; penalty. 344. To be respected and obeyed. 394. Police to have power of constables. 345. Regulations and orders of theboard, 395. Execution of warrants. how promulgated. 396. Discriminating laws not to be en346. Major's quarterly reports. forced. 347. Duties of captain. 397. Arrests without warrant. 348. Clerk in office of major. 398. Powers of officers in case of suspected 349. Surgeons of police. felonies. 350. Majors and.lieutenants to give 399. Information and return of arrests. security. 400. Penalty for neglect to make arrests. 351. Oath of office. 401. Detention of witnesses. 352. Members of board, secretary, and 402. Authority of search and arrest in major, to have powers of notaries certain cases. public and justices of the peace. 403. Duty of major to prosecute, &c. 353. Privileges and exemptions of police. 404. Supervision of doubtful establish354. Restrictions upon appointments. ments. 355. Removals. 405. Examination of books and papers. 356. Members of police force not to resign 406. Examination of property. without notice. 407. Interference punishable as a misde357. Presents, &c., not to be received meanor. without consent. 408. Property clerk. 358. When rewards may be permitted. 409. Custody of stolen, lost, or abandoned 359. Regulations. property. 360. Penalty for receiving reward with- 410. Record to be kept. out notice. 411. Property clerk to hlave power of 361. Disposal of fines and rewards. notary public. 362. Policeman's fund. 412. Oaths and depositions. 363. Board of police to be trustee. 413. May return certain property to 364. Who mayhave benefit of the fund. owners; how. 365. Uniforms. 414. Property taken from arrested per366. Salaries of members of police force. sons; how restored. 367. Further compensation, how payable. 415. Retention when claimed by other 368. District to levy tax for its propor- than accused person. tion of expenses of police force. METROPOLITAN POLICE. 39 Sec. See. 416. Taken on suspicion, &c.; how dis- 428. Forfeiture of bond; duty of United posed of. States attorney. 417. Sale of unclaimed property. 429. Duty of private detective making 418. Sale of unclaimed animals. arrests. 419. Sale of perishable property. 430. All police laws applicable to private 420. When animals, &c., may be placed in detectives. custody of owner. 431. Compromise of felony, &c., prohib421. When perishable property may be ited. delivered to owner. 432. Penalty for using personal violence 422. When large quantity of goods held on officer in discharge of his duty. for sale may be delivered to owner. 433. Penalty for falsely pretending to be 423. Property desired as evidence in an officer. court. 434. Unnecessary severity punishable. 424. Unclaimed property not called for. 435. Licenses for sale of intoxicating 425. Private detectives; who may prac- drinks. tice as. 436. Certain telegraphic apparatus and 426. To give bond. police property. 427. To report to secretary of board of 437. Police code. police. 438. Its authority. SEC. 321. The District is constituted a police district, to be called Establishmentof " The Metropolitan Police district of the District of Columbia." metropolitan police district. 6 Aug., 1861, c. BOARD OF POLICE. 62, s. 1, v. 12, p. 320. SEC. 322. There shall be five commissioners of police, who shall be ap- Commission e r s pointed from time to time by the.President of the United States, for the of police. term of three years and until their successors are appointed and quali- Ibid., ss. 2, 3. fled, unless sooner removed bv the President. SEC. 323. Three of the commissioners of police shall be appointed from From whence to the city of Washington, one from Georgetown, and one from the county be appointed. of Washington at large. Ibid., s. 3. SEC. 324. Each of the commissioners of police shall take and sub- Oath of office. scribe an oath or affirmation to support the Constitution of the United States, and faithfully to discharge the duties of his office. Such oath or Ibid. affirmation may be taken before any person duly authorized to administer oaths in the District. [See~ 8s.] SEC. 325. The commissioners of police shall be the chief officers of the General powers metropolitan police district, and shall severally possess and perform of commissioners. therein the powers and duties authorized and enjoined by this chapter. Ibid. s. 2 SEC. 326. The commissioners of police, together with the governor of Board of police, the District ex-officio, shall form the board of police for the metropolitan how constituted. police district. Ibid SEC. 327. The governor, as ex- officio a member of the board of police, Vote of governor, shall be entitled to one vote in the board when present at its meetings. ex officio. Ibid., s. 23, p. 325 SEC. 328. A majority of the board shall constitute a quorum for the Quorum. transaction of business. Ibid, s. 2, p. 320. SEC. 329. Each commissioner of police shall receive an allowance of Pay of members five dollars per day for each day of actual attendance upon the meetings of board. of business of the board, not to exceed, however, to each commissioner, Ibid, s. 22,. 325. the treasurer excepted, two hundred and fifty dollars per annum; and no other compensation shall be paid or allowed to the members of the board. SEC. 330. The officers of the board of police shall be a president, treas- Officers of board. urer, and secretary. -- Ibid., s. 4, p. 321. 16 July, 1861, c. 181, s. 1, v. 12, p. 579. SEC. 331. The president and treasurer shall each be selected from President an d among the commissioners of police by themselves, and shall each dis- treasurer, how secharge such duties as the board of police may prescribe. lected; duties. 6 Aug., 1861, c. 62, s. 4, v. 12, p. 321. SEC. 332. Tbhe treasurer shall give a bond with two sureties, to the Treasurer's bond satisfaction of the board, in the penal sum of ten thousand dollars, for and salary. 40 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 6 Aug., 1861, c. the faithful discharge of the duties of his office, and shall receive a stated 62, ss. 4; 22, V. 12, salary of six hundred dollars per annum. pp. 321,325. Secretary. SBC. 333. The Secretary shall be appointed by the board of police; Ibid.,s. 4, p. 321. may hold his office during the pleasure of the board, and shall perform 16 July 162,.579 such duties as may be required by the board. He shall receive an annual salary of twelve hundred dollars, payable monthly. General powers SEC. 334. The board of police is invested with all the powers conferred conferred upon by law upon the mayors of Washington or of Georgetown, prior to board.' August sixth, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, in respect to ordering 6 Aug., 1861, c. military assistance in aid of the civil authorities to quell riots, suppress 62, ss. 20, 23, v. 12, insurrection, protect property, and preserve the public tranquillity. And pp. 324, 325. the board of police shall also possess all the power and authority so conferred by law upon the auxiliary guard of the city of Washington, and upon the mayor or other officer of the cities of Washington and Georgetown respectively, as the heads therein of the respective police departments or organizations of those cities, which power or authority relates to or is in any way connected with the police government or police discipline within either of said cities. Duti es of the SEC. 335. It shall be the duty of the board of police at all times of board. the day and night within the boundaries of said police districtIbid., s. 5, p. 321. First. To preserve the public peace; 3 March, 1863, c. Second. To prevent crime and arrest offenders; 106, s. 10,v. 12, p. Third. To protect the rights of persons and of property; 803. Fourth. To guard the public health; Fifth. To preserve order at every public election; Sixth. To remove nuisances existing in the public streets, roads, alleys, highways, and other places; Seventh. To provide a proper police force at every fire, in order that thereby the firemen and property may be protected; Eighth. To protect strangers and travelers at steamboat and ship landings and railway-stations; Ninth. To see that all laws relating to the observance of Sunday, and regardingPawnbrokers, Mock auctions, Elections, Gambling, Intemperance, Lottery dealers, Vagrants, Disorderly persons, and The public health, are promtly enforced; and Tenth. To enforce and obey all laws and ordinances in force in the District, or any part thereof, which are properly applicable to police or health, and not inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter. Jurisdiction. SEC. 336. The duties of the board of police shall be more especially 6 Aug., 1861, c.62, executed, under the direction and control of the board, by a police force s. 6, v. 12, p. 321. for the whole of said police district, authorized to do duty in any part thereof without regard to residence or corporation lines. See R. S.. S., ~ IS19.] Rules and regu- SEC. 337. The board of police is authorized to pass, from time to time, lations. rules and regulations for the proper government and discipline of its Ibid. subordinate officers and the duties of the police force shall be executed in accordance therewith. When to furnish SEC. 338. It shall be the duty of the board of police at all times, when information, &c., consistent with the rules and regulations of the board, and with the retemlnbegslatid gve o- quirements of this chapter, to furnish all information desired, and comernor. ply with all requests made by the legislative assembly or by the governor. Ibid., s. 19, p. 324. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, v. 16, p. 419. Annualreport. SEC. 339. The board of police shall annually, on or before the first METROPOLITAN POLICE. 41 Monday in November, report in writing the condition of the police 6 Aug., 1861, c. within said district to the Attorney-General. 6, s. 24,v.12,. 325. 3 March, 1873, c. 227, s.1. v. 17, p. 517. THE POLICE FORCE. SEC. 340. The police force shall consist of the following officers, viz: Police force; how One major. composed. One captain. 6 Aug., 1861, c. Ten lieutenants. 62, s. 7, v. 12, p. 321. Twenty sergeants. 16 July2, 1862, c. Such number of privates, not exceeding two hundred for the regular lSsl2,. 8, v. 12, service, as the board may deem necessary. 23 July, 1866, c. Six detectives. 215, s. 1,v. 14, p. 212. SEC. 341. The officers of the police force shall be severally appointed Appointment and by the board of police, and each person so appointed shall hold office tenure of office. only during such time as he shall faithfully observe and execute all the 6 A.ug., 1861, c. rules and regulations of the board, the laws of the United States, and 62,s.7, v. 12, p. 321. the laws or ordinances existing within the District, and which apply to any part of the district where the members of the force may be on duty. SEC. 342. The qualifications, enumerat;ion. and distribution of duties, Qualifications,. mode of trial, and renloval from office, of each officer of the police force, duties, &c.; how shall be particularly defined and prescribed by rules and regulations of prescribed. the board of police, in accordance with the Constitution and laws of the Ibid., s. 8, p. 321. United States applicable thereto. SEC. 343. The major of police shall take the place of the mayors of the Authority of macities of Washington and Georgetown as the head of the police depart- jor of police. ments of those cities respectively, but always subject to the orders and Ibid., s. 10,jp. 322. regulations of the board of police. 23 July, 1866, c. 215, s. 1,v.14, p. 212. SEC. 344. It shall be the duty of the'police force to respect and obey To be respected the major of police as the head and chief of the police force, subject to and obeyed. the rules, regulations, and general orders of the board of police. Ibid. SEC. 345. All regulations and orders of the board of police shall be Regulations and.rml~ththe major of police...orders of the b)oard, promulgated through the major of pole. how promulgated. Ibid.,SEC. 346. The major of police shall make to the board of police quar- Major's quarterly terly reports in writing of the state of the police district, with such sta- reports. tistics and suggestions as he may deem advisable for the improvement of the police government and discipline of said district. sA2g.1861,. 2 s. 24. v. 12, p. 325. 23 July, 1866, c. 215, s. 1, v. 14, p. 212. SEC. 347. The captain shall be the inspector of the police force, com- Duties of captain. mand it in the sickness or absence of the major, and perform such other Ibic. duties as the commissioners of police may direct. SEC. 348. There shall be in the office of the major of police one clerk, Clerk in office of who shall be appointed by the commissioners, and who shall have charge major. of the records of the sanitary company provided for in section three Ibid.,pp.212,213. hundred and eighty-one, and who shall perform such other duties as the major, by the direction or with the approval of the commissioners, may 20 Dec., 1866, c. 4 prescribe, and who shall receive a salary of one thousand dollars per v. 14, p. 374. annum. SEC. 349. The board-of police may also appoint not exceeding three Surgeons of posurgeons of police, who shall perform such duties as may be required of lice. themby the board, and who shall receive an annual compensation of 16 July, 1862,, c. three hundred dollars each. 181, s. 2,v.12, p. 579. SEC. 350. The board of police shall require security to be entered into Major and lieuL'I-. 1'vI J I''s, 1tenants to give seby the major and lieutenants, and shall make suitable provisions torits se therefor. 6 Aug., 1861, c. 62, s. 27, v. 12, p. 325; 23 July, 1866, c. 215, s. 1, v. 14, p. t212. SEC. 351. The board of police shall also require an oath of office to be Oath of office. taken by the members of the police force, and shallinake suitable pro- Ibid, 42 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. visions respecting the same, and for the registry thereof, and such oath may be taken before one of the commissioners of police, any of whom are empowered to administer the same. Members of SEC. 352. The members of the board of police, the secretary of the board, secretary, board, and the major of police are vested with all the powers conferred and major, to have by law upon notaries public and justices of the peace in the District. public and justices of the peace. 16 July, 1862, c. 181, s. 5, v. 12, p. 580. Privileges and SEC. 353. No person holding office under this chapter shall be liable exemptions of po- to military or jury duty, nor to arrest on civil process, nor to service of Ibid. subpoenas from civil courts while actually on duty. Restrictions upon SEC. 354. No person shall be appointed to office, or hold office in the appointments, police force, who cannot read and write the English language, or who is 6 Aug., 1861, c. -not a citizen of the United States, or who shall ever have been indicted 62,s.8, v. 12, p. 321. and convicted of crime; and no person shall be appointed as policeman 16,., s. 1, p. or watchman who has not served in the Army or Navy of the United 457. States and received an honorable discharge. Removals. SEC. 355. No person shall be removed from the police force except 6 Aug., 1861, c. upon written charges preferred against hinm to the board of police, and 62, s. s, v. 12, pp. after an opportunity shall have been afforded him of being heard in his 321, 322. defense; and no person removed from the police force for cause, shall be re-appointed to any office in said force. Members of po- SEC. 356. No member of the police force, under penalty of forfeiting lice fobrce not to re- the salary or pay which may be due him, shall withdraw or resign, exsign without no- cept by p.ermission of the board, unless he shall have given to the major tice. one month's notice, in writing, of such intention. 16 July, 1862, c. 181, s. 7, v. 12, p. 581. Presents, &c., not SEC. 357. No member of the board of police, or of the police force, ot e received with- shall receive or share in, for his own benefit, under any pretense what6 Aug., 1861, c. ever, any present, fee, or emolument, for police services, other than the 62, s. 25, v. 12, p. regular salary and pay provided by this chapter, except by consent of 325. the board of police. W h e n rewards SEC. 358. The board of police, for meritorious and extraordinary servmay be permitted. ices rendered by any member of the police force, in the due discharge of 16 July, 1862, c. his duty, may permit such member to retaimufor his own benefit any re181, s. 9, v. 12, p. ward or present tendered him therefor. 581. Regulations. SEC. 359. Upon notice to the board of police from any member of the Ibid. police force, of the receipt by such member of any reward or present, the board may order the member to retain the same, or shall dispose thereof for the benefit of the policeman's fund. Penalty for re- SEC. 360. It shall be cause of removal from the police force for any ceivi a g rew a r d member to receive rewards or presents without giving notice of the same without notice. to the board of police. Ibid. Disposal of fines SEC. 361. All fines imposed by the board of police upon members of and, rewards. the police force, by way of discipline, and collectible from pay or salary, Ibid., s.26, p.581. and all rewards, fees, proceeds of gifts, and emoluments, that may be paid and given for extraordinary services of any member of the police force, except when allowed to be retained by such member, shall be paid to the treasurer of the board of police, unless otherwise appropriated by the board. Policeman's fund. SEC. 362. The rewards, fees, proceeds of gifts, and emoluments men6 Aug., 1861, c. tioned in the preceding section, and all moneys arising from the sale of 62, s. 26, v. 12, p. unclaimed goods, shall constitute the "policeman's fund." 325. Board of police SEC. 363. The board of police shall be the trustee of the policeman's to be trustee. fund, and may invest the same as they shall see fit. Ibid. Who may have SEC. 364. W7Thenever any member of the police force, in the actual disbenefitofthe fund. charge of his duty, shall become actually disabled, his necessary exbid. penses, during the time of such disability, on the certificate of a compe METROPOLITAN-POLICE. 43 tent surgeon, stating the manner, cause, and condition of the injury, and approved by the board of police, may become a charge upon the policeman's fund. But the board may discontinue such allowance for any satisfactory reason. SEC. 365. The board of police shall provide specific rules for uniform Uniforms. clothing of the police force, which shall be procured by each of the mem- 23 July, 1866, c. bers thereof respectively, strictly in conformity with such rules, at his/151, s. 4, v. 14, p. own expense and risk, and any member shall be removed from the force' 213. for not complying with such rules. SEC. 366. The salaries of the officers, privates, and detectives of the Salaries of mempolice force shall be as follows: bers of police force. Major, seventeen hundred and forty dollars per annum. 6 Aug., 1861, c. 62, s. 22, v. 12, p. Captain, twelve hundred dollars per annum. 325; 16 July, 1662,, Lieutenants, eight hundred and forty dollars per annum. c. 181, s. 8, v. 12, p. Sergeants, sixty-five dollars per month. 581; 28 July, 1866, Privates, sixty dollars per month. c. 296, s.6, v. 14, p. 321; 20 Dec., 1866, Detectives, ninety dollars per month. c. 4, v. 14, p. 374. SEC. 367. The metropolitan police force, its officers and clerks, shall Further compenreceive a further compensation of fifty per centum upon their respect- sation, how payaive salaries, as provided for in this chapter, which further sum shall be bl25 June, 1864, c paid by the cities of Washington and Georgetown and the District be- 147, v. 13, p. 159; 2 yond the limits of said cities, in the proportion corresponding to the Mar., 1865, v. 1.3, p. number of privates allotted severally to said precincts. 459; 28 July, 1866, c. 296, v. 14, p. 321; 20 Dec., 1866, v. 14, p. 374; 2 Mar., 1867, c. 166, v. 14, pp. 456, 457; 20 July, 1868, v. 15, p. 116; 3 Mar., 1869, c. 122, v. 15, p. 307; 15 July, 1870, c. 292, v. 16, p. 293; 3 Mar., 1871, v. 16, pp. 499, 500; 10 June, 1872, c. 415, s. 1, v. 17, p. 359; 3 Mar., 1873, c. 227, s. 1, v. 17, p. 517. SEC. 368. The proper authorities of the District are authorized and District to levy required to levy a special tax in Washington and Georgetown and the tax for its proporDistrict beyond the limits of said cities, not exceeding one-third of one ptiolic f expenses of per centumn annually, which shall be specially deposited once in each week, as such collections are made, to be appropriated and expended Ibid only for the purpose of defraying the expenses of maintaining said metropolitan police force, in the proportion mentioned in the preceding section. PRECINCTS AND STATIONS. SEC. 369. The board of police may divide the district into precincts, Precincts. not exceeding ten, and may assign one lieutenant of police to each pre- 6 Aug., 1861, c. cinct. 62, s. 10, v. 12, p. 322. SEC. 370. The board of police may, from time to time, but without Stations and subexpense to the United States, establish stations and station-houses, or stations. sub-stations and sub-station-houses, at least one to each precinct, for 16 July, 1862, c. the accommodation thereat of members of the police force, and as tem- 181, s. 5, v. 12, p. porary places of detention for persons arrested and property taken 580. within the precinct. SEC. 371. It shall be the duty of the proper authorities of the District Proper stationto provide, at the expense of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, houses to be prorespectively, all necessary accommodations within their respective limits vided by local authorities. for the station-houses required by the board; of police, for the accommodation of the police force, for the lodging of vagrants and disorderly per- 6 Aug., 1861, c. sons, and for tbe temporary detention of persons arrested for offenses, 62,. 15, v. 12, p. and to suitably warm and light the same. SEC. 372. In case the authorities of the District neglect or refuse to Power of board comply with the provisions of the preceding section, after having been in case of neglect. thereto requested by the board of police, then the board may make their Ibid. own provisions in the premises, and the same, when made, shall become a proper charge and debt for the expenses and disbursements thereof against the city whose proper authorities so neglected or refused to make the provision required. 44 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Residence of SEC. 373. There shall be no limitation or restriction of place of resimembers of polic dence to any member of the police force, other than residence within the metropolitan police district. 16 July, 1862, c. 181, s. 7, v. 12, p. 581. D)etails for duty. SEC. 374. The board of police may, from time to time, detail and 6 Aug., 1861, c. change, without regard to or limitation of residence, the lieutenants, ser62, s. 10, v. 12, p. geants, or privates to such parts of the District, or to such of the police 322. or criminal courts, and to the public offices of the Government of the 16 July, 18762, c. United States and of the District, as the board may deem advisable; 581. and it shall be the duty of the board to cause the location of privates to be changed, from time to time, as the efficiency of the force shall require. SPECIAL POLICEMEN. Additional pri- SEC. 375. The board of police may, on the application of any person v a t e s, how ap- showing the necessity thereof, appoint any additional number of privates pointed. to duty at any place within the District, at the charge and expense of 6Aug., 1861, e. 62, the person by whom the application is made, but not to exceed the s. 11, v. 12, p. 322. yearly sum provided for privates of the general police force. Powers and du- SEC. 376. The privates appointed as provided in the preceding section ties. shall be subject to the orders of the board of police, and shall obey the ibid. rules and regulations of the board, and conform to its general discipline and to such other special regulations as may be made, and shall wear such dress or emblem as the board may direct, and shall, during thd term of their holding appointment, possess all the powers, privileges, and duties of the police force. How removed. SEC. 377. The persons employed, as provided in the two preceding Ibid. sections, may be removed at any time by the board of police, without assigning cause thereof, upon one month's notice of the intention so to do, given to the person who applied for the appointment. i Special police- SEC. 378. The board of police may also, upon any emergency of riot,' men without pay. nestilence, invasion, insurrection, or during any day of public election, Ibid.,s. 12, p.322. ceremony, or celebration, appoint as many special privates without pay,' from among the citizens, as it may deem advisable, and for a specified time. Powers and du- SEC. 379. During the term of service of such special privates, they ties; badge. shall possess all the powers and privileges, and perform all the duties Ibid.,pp.322, 323. of the privates of the standing police force of the District. And such special privates shall wear an emblem, to be presented by the police commissioners. SANITARY COMPANY. Aid to be given SEC. 380. The board of health, or proper health-officer, of the District to board of health. shall have power to call upon any of the police force, to a number not Ibid., s. 19, p.324; exceeding six, to aid upon any necessary emergency in enforcing the powers and duties conferred upon their office by law; and it shall be the duty of any such number of police so called upon to obey such call, but such service shall not continue longer than twenty-four hours. Sanitary police SEC. 381. It shall be the duty of the board of police to set apart a company. sanitary police company, to consist of not exceeding ten persons, who 16 July, 1862, c. shall be selected from among the police, and to assign to said company 181, s. 2, v. 12, p. such especial duties, by the rules and regulations, as may be publicly 579. advantageous. Powers of sani- SEC. 382. The sanitary police company is empowered, under such tary company. distribution of power and duty as may be made by the rules and regulaIbid. tions, to visit and make inspection of all ferry-boats, manufactories, slaughter-houses, tenement-honses, and edifices suspected of or charged with being unsafe, and to attend to such other matters relating to health as are complained of and entered upon the complaint-book, and to take all necessary legal measures for promoting the security of life or health METROPOLITAN POLICE 45 generally upon or in said boats, manufactories, houses, and edifices, and to make report of inspection and action in the premises to the board of police. SEC. 383. Whenever the board of police is satisfied by such report Reports andcomthat any ferry-boat, manufactory, slaughter-house, tenement-house, or plaints. edifice is maintained, or that any other act is about to be committed, 16 July, 1862, c. in a manner prejudicial to the lives or health of the public, it shall, 181, s. 2, v. 12, p. after due entry upon its minutes of the circumstances, cause complaint 579. to be made, founded upon such report and circumstances, before the proper court of the District. SEC. 384. Upon such complaint being made, under oath, the court Proceedings of shall, in a summary way, issue the proper warrant, reciting therein the courtoncomplaint. name of the member or members of the sanitary police company, for the Ibid. arrest of the person in charge of such ferry-boat, manufactory, slaughter-house. tenement-house, or edifice, or otherwise committing any act that may be derogatory to the public health, to the end that he may be brought before the court and the complaint of insecurity of the life or health of the public so made be, duly investigated according to the law of examination into misdemeanors. SEc. 385. If satisfied, on a summary hearing of the case. that such Proceedings upcharge of insecurity of the lives or health of the public is founded on on hea.ring. reasonable and probable cause, the court may, by an order in writing, Ibid. command any such ferry-boat to cease running, or any business in such manufactory or slaughter-house to cease, or impose such fine as by law may be attach ed to such offense upon the person so offending, until the cause of complaint shall be removed to the satisfaction of the board of police. [sec ~ 72.] BOOKS AND RECORDS. SEC. 386. The board of police shall cause to be kept the following Books and records,*, what to be books and records, namely: kept;.' 6 Aug., 1861, c. 62, s. 14, v. 12, p. 323. First. General complaint-books, in which shall be entered every corn- General complaint preferred upon personal knowledge of the circumstances thereof; plaint book. with the name and residence of the complainant. Second. Books of registry of lost, missing, or stolen property, for the Registry of lost, general convenience of the public and of the police of the District. issing, or stolen property. Third. Books of records of the police, wherein shall, be entered the Records of the name of every member of the police-force, with the time and place of police. his nativity, and the time when he became a citizen if he was born out of the United States; his age; his former occupation; number and residence of family; the date of appointment or dismissal from office, with the cause of the latter. And in every such record sufficient space shall Record of so rvbe left against all such entries wherein to make record of the number of ices. arrests made by such member of the police-force, or of any special services deemed meritorious by the commissioners of police. SEC. 387. The board of police shall also cause to be kept in proper Treasurer's a cbooks the accounts of the treasurer of the board; and all receipts of counts. moneys, or warrants or checks for moneys, shall be written in books 6 August, 1861, c. kept for the purpose, and the receipts shall be signed in every case by 62,s.14,v.12,p.323. the person receiving money, warrants, or checks from the treasurer. SEC. 388. The board of police shall also cause to be kept in proper Record of meetbooks the number of the several meetings-of the board. ings of the board. Ibid. SEC. 389. All the books mentioned in the three preceding sections Books to be open shall be, at all business hours, and when not in actual use, open to to public inspecpublic inspection. tion. Ibid. SEc. 390. The board of plolice shrll also cause to be kept and bound Public returns all police returns and reports of the District, ald reports. Ibid. 46 DISTRIICT OF COLUMBIA. POLICE HEEARINGS. Power of board SEC. 391. The board of police shall have power to issue subpoenas, to issue subpoenas. attested in the name of its president, to compel before it the attendance 6Aug., 1861,. 62, of witnesses upon any proceeding authorized by its rules and regulas. 20, v. 12, p. 324. tions. Who may ad- SEC. 392. Each commissioner of police, the major and the secretary minister oaths to of the board of police, have power to administer, take, receive, and subscribe all affirmations and oaths to any witnesses summoned and Ibid. appearing in any matter or proceeding authorized by the preceding section, and to any depositions necessary by the rules and regulations of the board of police. Perjury in such SEC. 393. Any willful and corrupt false swearing by any witness or cases; penalty. person making deposition before any of the officers mentioned in the Ibid. preceding section, to any material fact in any necessary proceeding under the rules and regulations of the board of police, shall be deemed perjury, and shall be punished in the manner prescribed by law for such offense. ARRESTS AND SEARCHES. Police to have SEC. 394. The members of the board of police, and of the police powers of o n- force, shall possess in every part of the District all the common law and stables. statutory powers of constables, except for the service of civil process 16 July, 1862, c. and for the collection of strictly private debts, in which designation 181, s.5,v. 12, p.580. fines imposed for the breach of the ordinances in force in the District, United States Vs. Pignel, 1 Cranch, shall not be included. [see~ 106s-1067.] QC. C., 310; United States V8. Faw, 1 Cranch, C. C., 487; United States vs. Goure, 1 Cranch, C. C., 488. lExecution ofwar- SEC. 395. Any warrant for search or arrest, issued by any magistrate rants. of the District, may be executed in any part of the District by any mem6 Aug., 1861, c. ber of the police force, without any backing or indorsement of the war62,s. 9, v. 12, p. 322. rant, and according to the terms thereof; and all provisions of law in relation to bail in the District shall apply to this chapter. Dis criminating SEC. 396. The said board of police shall not enforce any law or ordiforced. nance discriminating between persons in the administration of justice. 16 July, 1862, c. 181, s. 5, v. 12, p. 580. wArrests without SEC. 397. The several members of the police-force, including the cornmissioners of police, shall have power and authority to immediately arIbid., s.10, p.581. rest, without warrant, and to take into custody any person who shall commit, or threaten or attempt to commit, in the presence of such member, or within his view, any breach of the peace or offense directly prohibited by act of Congress, or by any law or ordinance in force in the District, but such member of the police-force shall immediately, and without delay, upon such arrest convey in person such offender before the proper court, that he may be dealt with according to law. Powers of o-ffers SEC. 398. The major of police and the lieutenants of police, having in case of suspected flnfSuspect- just cause to suspect that any felony has been, or is being, or is about to be, committed within any building, or on board of any ship, boat, or 6 u9g., 1861, C. vessel within the said District, may enter upon the same at all hours of.,v. 2,. 322. day or night, to take all necessary measures for the effectual preventioti or detection of all felonies, and may take then and there into custody allbpersons suspected of being concerned in such felonies, and also may take charge of all property which he or they shall have then and there just cause to suspect has been stolen. Information and SEC. 399. Every case of arrest shall be made known within six hours thereafter to the lieutenant of police on duty'in the precinct in whichIbid., s. 16, pp. the arrest is made, by the person making the same; and it shall be the 323,324. duty of the lieutenant within twelve hours after such notice, to make written return thereof, according to the rules and regulations of the board of police, together with the name of the party arrested, the offense, the place of arrest, and the placeof detention. METROPOLITAN POLICE. 47 SEC. 400. If any member of the police-force shall neglect making any -: Penalty for negarrest for an offense against the laws of the United States committed in lect to make arhis presence, lhe shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be 6 Aug., 1861, c. punishable by imprisonment in the District jail or penitentiary not ex- 62, s. 2, v. 12, p. ceeding two years, or by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars. 324. SEC. 401. The board of police shall provide suitable accommodations Detention of witwithin the district for the detention of witnesses who are unable to fur- nesses. nish security for their appearance in criminal proceedings, and such ac- Ibid., s. 16, p. 324. commodations shall be in premises other than those employed for the confinement of persons charged with crime, fraud, or disorderly conduct; and it shall be the duty of all magistrates in committing witnesses to have regard to the rules and regulations of the board of police in reference to their detention. SEC. 402. If any member of the police force, or if any two or more Authority of house-holders shall report in writing, under his or their signature, to search and arrest the major of police that there are good grounds, stating the same, for in certain cases. believing any house, room, or premises within the police-district to be 16 July, 1862, c. kept or used for any of the following purposes, namely: 181, s.3, 12, pp First. As a common gaming-house, common gaming-room, or common 579, 5 gaming-premises, for therein playing for wagers of money at any game of chance; or, Second. As a bawdy-house, or as a house of prostitution, or for purposes of prostitution; or, Third. For lewd and obscene public amusement or entertainment; or, Fourth. For the deposit or sale of lottery-tickets or lottery-policies, it shall be lawful for the major of police to authorize any member or members of the police force to enter the same, who shall forthwith arrest all persons there found offending against law, and seize all implements of gaming, or lottery-tickets, or lottery-policies, and convey any person so arrested before the proper court, and bring the articles so seized to the office of the board of police. [See ~ 1174.] SEC. 403. It shall be the duty of the major of police to cause all per- Duty of major to sons arrested in pursuance of the provisions of the preceding section to prosecute, &c. be rigorously prosecuted, the articles seized to be destroyed, and such Ibid. room or house to be closed, and not again used for such unlawful purpose. LICENSED PAWNBROKERS, ETC. SEC. 404. The board of police shall possess powers of general police Supervision o f supervision and inspection over all- doubtful establishLicensed pawnbrokers. ments. Licensed venders. Ibid., s. 4, p. 580. Licensed hackmen and cartmen. Dealers in second-hand merchandise. Intelligence-office keepers. Auctioneers of watches and jewelry. Suspected private banking-houses, and other doubtful establishments within the metropolitan police district; and in the exercise and furtherance of said supervision may, from time to time, empower members of the police-force to fulfill such special duties in the premises, as may be ordained by the board of police. SEC. 405. The board of police may direct the major to empower any Examination of member of the police-force, whenever such member shall be in search of booksandpremises. property feloniously obtained, or in search of suspected offenders, to Ibid. examine the books of any pawnbroker or his business premises, or the business premises of any licensed vender or dealer in second-hand merchandise, or intelligence-office keeper, or auctioneer of watches and jewelry, or suspected private banking-house, or other doubtful establishment. 48 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Examination of SEC. 406. Any member of the police-force, when thereto authorized prop~erty. _ in writing by the major of police, and having in his possession a pawn16 July, 1862, c. broker's receipt or ticket, shall be allowed to examine the property pur181, s. 4, v. 12, p. porting to be pawned or pledged, or deposited upon said receipt or ticket, in whosesoever possession said property may be; but no such property shall be taken from the possessor thereof without due process or authority of law. Interference pun- SEC. 407. Any willfull interference with the major of police, or with ishable as a misdo- any member of the police-force, by any of the persons named in section meanor. four hundred and four, while in official and due discharge of duty, shall Ibid. be punishable as a misdemeanor. STOLEN, LOST, AND ABANDONED PROPERTY. Property clerk. SEC. 408. There shall be an officer known as " property clerk" of the Ibid.,s., pp. 578, metropolitan police-district, who shall be appointed and may be re579. moved by the board of police, and who shall receive an annual compensation of twelve hundred dollars, payable monthly. Custody of stolen, SEC. 409. All property, or money alleged or supposed to have been lost, or abandoned feloniously obtained, or which shall be lost or abandoned, and which property. shall be thereafter taken into the custody of any member of the police Ibid. force, or the police or criminal court of the district, or which shall come into such custody, shall be, by such member, or by order of the court, given into the custody of the property clerk and kept by him. Record to be kept. SEC. 410. All such property and money shall be particularly regisIbid., p. 578. tered by the property clerk in a book kept for that purpose, which shall 6 Aug., 1861, c. contain also a record of the names of the persons from whom such pro62, s. 14, v. 12, p. perty or money was taken, the names of all claimants thereto, the place 323. where found, the time of the seizure, the date of the receipt, the general circumstances connected therewith, and any final disposal of such property and money. Property clerkto SEC. 411. The property clerk is vested with all the powers conferred have powers of no- by law upon notaries public in the district. tary public. _ta __ry public_. 23 July, 1866, c. 2t5, s. 5, v. 14, p. 213. Oaths and depo- SEC. 412. He may administer oaths and certify depositions which sitions. may be necessary to establish the ownership of any property or money 23 July, 1866, c lost, abandoned, or returned to him under the"directions of the board of 215, s. 5, v. 14, p. police, other than such as may be so returned as the proceeds of crime. 213. May retlurn cer- SEC. 413. Upon satisfactory evidence of the ownership of property t a in property to described in the preceding section he shall deliver the same to the ownersv, howv. owner, his heirs and legal representatives, and to him or them only, Ibid. except it be proven impracticable for such owner, heir, or representatives to appear, when the same mlay be delivered and receipted for upon such proof of ownership and the filing in the office of the property clerk of a duly executed power of attorney from the owner or his heirs or legal representatives. Property taken' SEC. 414. Whenever property or money shall be taken from persons from arrested per- arrested, and shall be alleged to have been feloniously obtained, or to sons; how restored. be the proceeds of crime, and whenever so brought with such claimant 16 July, 1862, c. and the person arrested before any court for trial, and the court shall 181, s. 1, v. 12, p. be satisfied from evidence that the person arrested is innocent of the offense alleged, and that the property rightfully belongs to him, said court ma,y, in writing, order such property or money to be returned, and the property clerk, if he have it, to deliver such property or money to the accused person himself, and not to any attorney, agent, or clerk of such accused person. Retention, when SEC. 415. If any claim to the ownership of such property or money claimed by other shall be made on oath before the court, byor in behalf of any other perthan accused per- sons than the persons arrested, and the accused person shall be held for i~f. -trial or exsaminlation, such property or money shall remain in the custody Ibid. METIOPOLITAN POLICE. 49 of the property clerk until the discharge or conviction of the persons accused. SEC. 416. All property or money taken on suspicion of having been Taken on suspifeloniously obtained, or of being the proceeds of crime, and for which cion, &c., how disthere is no other claimant than the person from whom such property posed of. was taken, and all lost property coming into the possession of any mem- 16 July, 1862, c. ber of the police force, and all property and money taken from pawn- 17 s. 1, v. 12, p. brokers as the proceeds of crime, or from persons supposed to be insane, intoxicated, or otherwise incapable of taking care of themselves, shall be transmitted as soon as practicable to the property clerk, to be duly registered and advertised for the benefit of all parties interested, and for the information of the public as to the amount and disposition of the property so taken into custody by the police. SEC. 417. All property, except perishable property and animals, and Saleofunclaimed all money that shall remain in the custody of the property clerk for the property. period of six months without any lawful claimant thereto, after havinbg Ibid., pp. 578, 579. been three times advertised in public newspapers, shall be sold at public auction, and the proceeds of such sale shall be paid into the policemen's fund. SEC. 418. Horses and other animals taken by the police and remain- Of unclaimed aning unclaimed for twenty days may be advertised and sold upon ten imals. days' public notice. Ibid. SEC. 419. All perishable property so taken and unclaimed shall be Sale of perishasold at once. ble property. ibid. SEC. 420. When animals or articles of property, (except perishable. When animals, property,) other than money, returned to the property clerk as the pro- &c., may be placed ceeds of crime, are shown by sufficient evidence to be necessary for the i n cu t o y o f current use of the owner and not for sale, the board of police has power, in its discretion, to authorize the property clerk to place the same in 23 July, 16866, c. the custody of the owner, upon sufficient bonds being given by the 213, 214. owner in the sum of twice the value of the property, conditioned for the production of the same at any time within one year, when required for use in court as evidence in any proceedings thereon. SEC. 421. Perishable property, returned to the property clerk as the When perishable proceeds of crime, may be delivered to the owner on ample security property may be being taken by the court ifor his appearance to prosecute the case. leliverecltoowner. Ibid. SEC. 422. When large quantities of goods held for sale by the owner, VWhenlargequalncome into the possession of the property clerk as the proceeds of crime, tities of goods held for sale may be dethe same may be delivered to the owner, his heirs or representatives, livered to owyner. as provided in section four hundred and thirteen, upon ample security Ibid. to prosecute the case. But in such cases goods to the estimated value of fifty dollars shall be retained by the property clerk until the discharge or conviction of the accused. SEC. 423. If any property or money placed in the custody of the Property desired property clerk shall be desired as evidence in any police or other crimi- as evid e n c e i n nal court, such property shall be delivered to any officer who shall pre- court. sent an order to that effect from such court; but such property shall 16 July, 1862, c. not be retained in the court, but shall be returned to the property clerk, 181, s. 1, v. 12, p. to be disposed of according to the provisions of this chapter. 579 SEC. 424. Any property or money returned to the property clerk as Unclaimed propthe proceeds of crime, and which shall not be called for as evidence by ertynot called fbr. any proceeding in the courts of the District within one year from the 23 July, 1866, c. date of such return, may, unless specially claimed by the owner within 215, s. 5, v. 14, p. that time, be thereafter treated as other unclaimed, abandoned, or lost 213. property or money, as provided in this chapter. PRIVATi:E DETECTIVES. SEC. 425. No person shall assume or practice the occupation of detect- ives, eho may ive within the limits of the District who shall not first receive a specific practice as. R SII — 4 50 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 23 July, 1866, c. appointment for that purpose, unless pursuing the detection of criminals 215, s. 7, v-. 1.t P. as a private business outside of such authority, and not otherwise spe214. cifically authorized by law. To give bond. SEC. 426. Any person practicing as a private detective shall enter Ibid. into bonds to the board of police, with surety, in a sum not less than ten thousand dollars, to be approved by the board, for a faithful and correct return to the board, in such manner and at such times as the board shall direct, of all business transacted by such private detective. To report to scc- SEC. 427. Upon the execution of a private detective's bond, it shall be retary of board of the duty of such private detective to report to the secretary of the police. board of police, who shall file such bond and record the name, age, deIbid., s. 8, p. 214. scription, nationality, and residence of such private detective. Forfeit u r e o f SEC. 428. In every case of a forfeiture of a private detective's bond b o n d, du t y of for failure to make such returns to the board of police as required, or for United States at- failure of persons accused by bonded private detective to appear to antorney. swer charges in court, it shall be the duty of the attorney of the United Ibid., s. 7, p 214. States for the District to immediately prosecute the sureties upon such bond to the full extent of a recovery of the forfeitures. Duty of private SEC. 429. It shall be the duty of every person prosecuting the busi. detective making ness of a private detective, who may arrest a person for crime, to. bring the person arrested, with all evidence of the alleged crime, includIbid. ing property or money which may become evidence, immediately to the office of the major of police, or to the proper court, where the case shall undergo an examination. All police laws SEC. 430. All laws which govern the police force in the matters of vate detpectivoesi- persons, property, or money shall be applicable to all private detectives, (or to persons practicing as detectives, whatever other name they Ibid. may assume,) and such detectives or persons shall make like returns and dispositions of such matters as required by law and the rules of the board of police governing the police force. COMPIROMISE OF FELONY, ETC. Compromise of SEC. 431. It is unlawful for alny private detective, or any member of felony, &c., pro- the police force, or for any other person to compromise a felony or any hibited. other unlawful act, or to participate in, assent to, aid or assist any perIbid., s. 8, p. 214. Ib 24 son suspected of crime to escape a full judicial examination by failing Failing to give to give known facts or reasonable causes of suspicion, or withholding Withholding in- any information relative to the charge or suspicion from the proper judi. formation. cial authorities; Receivingmoney Or in any manner to receive any money, property, favor, or other from persons arrested pr liable to compensation from, or on account of, any person arrested or subject to arrest. arrest for any crime or supposed crime; Permitting such Or to permit any such person to go at large without due effort to sepersons to escape. cure an investigation of such supposed crime. Penalty for vio- And for any violation of the provisions of this section, or either of lation of this see- them, such member of the police force, or private detective, or other tion~. person guilty thereof, shall be deemed as having compromised a felony, and shall be thereafter prohibited from acting as an officer of said police force, or as a private detective, and shall be prosecuted to the extent of the law for aiding criminals to escape the ends of justice. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. Penalty for using SEC. 432. If any person, without justifiable and excusable cause, shall personal violence on officer in dis- use personal violence upon any member of the police force, when in the charge of his duty. discharge of his duty, such person shall be deemed guilty of a misde6 Alg., 1861, c. meanor, and shall be punishable by imprisonment in the district jail or 62, s. 21, v. 12, p. penitentiary not exceeding two years, or by a fine not exceeding five 324. hundred dollars, CONlVEYANCE OF IEAL ESTATE. 51 SEC. 433. It shall be a misdemeanor, punishable as provided in the Penalty for falsepreceding section, for any person, not a member of the police force, to ly pretending tobe falsely represent himself as being such member, with a fraudulent design. ftember o police 6 Aug., 1861, c. 62, s. 21, v. 12. p. 324. SEC. 434. Any officer who uses unnecessary and wanton severity in Unnecessary searresting or imprisoning any person shall be deemed guilty of assault verity punishable. and battery, and, upon conviction, punished therefor. [See ~ 103.] 22 Feb., 1867, c. 63, s. 5, v. 14, p. 402. SEC. 435. It shall be unlawful for any person or persons keeping an Licenses for sale ordinary, restaurant, saloon, or other place where spirituous liquors are of intoxic a t in g sold within the District, to give, sell, or dispose of any intoxicating drinks. drinks without a license, approved by the board of police, and no license 23 July, 1866, c. shall be considered legal by any of the authorities having jurisdiction 215, s. 3, v. 14, p. within the District, until the same has been approved by the board of 213. police, and so certified by the secretary thereof under the office seal. I[See ~~ 1181-1183.] SEC. 436. The ownership and use of all telegraphic apparatus, public Cert ai n t e 1epolice property, books, records, and accouterments in the possession of graphic apparatus the police departments of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, on aner police pro pthe sixth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, 6 Ang., 1861. c. shall be according to the laws or ordinances of the District. 62, s. 17, v. 12, p. 324. SEC. 437. The board of police is authorized, from time to time, with- Police code. out expense to the United States, to cause to be collected into compact 16 July, 1862, c. form all the laws and ordinances in force in the District having relation 181, s. 11, v. 12, r. and applicable to police and health, and to publish the same in a form 581. easily accessible to all members of the community as the police code of the District. SEC. 438. The police code, prepared in accordance with the preceding Its authority. section, and such rules as the board of police may from time to time adopt for the purpose of enforcing and carrying out the provisions thereof, shall constitute the law of the District upon the matters therein contained. CHAPTER FOURTEEN. CONVEYANCE OF REAL ESTATE. Sec. Sec. 439. Method of description. 453. Certain conves ances for religious pur440. Deeds to be recorded. poses not void for want of trustees. 441. Before whom may be acknowledged. 454. Appointment of trustees. 442. Certificate of acknowledgment. 455. Who may sue and be sued. 443. To official character of person taking 456. Limitations to use of land. acknowledgment. 457. Gifts and devises. 444. Acknowledgments in a foreign coun- 458. Certain deeds not to be invalid. try. 459. Defective acknowledgments cured. 445. Official character of foreign officer. 460. Privy acknowledgments. 446. When deeds take effect. 461. What sufficient to bar dower. 447. When deeds of trust take effect. 462. When power of attorney sufficient. 448. Preferences in record. 463. Record and copy of deed. 449. Title bond or contract. 464. Construction of certain acts. 450. When a married woman is party to a 465. What sufficient to express acknowldeed. edgment. 451. Certificate. 466. Certain exceptions abrogated. 452. Effect of deed. SEC. 439. The legislative assembly has power to prescribe and regu- Method of delate the manner in which description shall be made of all real estate scription. sold or transferred in the District. [See ~ 476.] 17 May, 184S, c. 42, s. 8, v. 9, p. 228. 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, v. 16, p. 419. Spratt vs. Spratt, 1 Pet., 343. SEC. 440. The recorder of deeds shall admit to record any deed for Deeds to be rethe conveyance of real estate or interest therein within the District, or c Mr de. declaring or limiting any use or trust of any stc h real estate, which is 4, s.2, 4, p. 520, 52 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 14 Feb., 1863, c. executed, acknowledged, and certified according to the provisions of 34, s. 1, v. 12, p. 651. this chapter. LSee ~ 467. ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF DEEDS. Before wh o m SEC. 441. Acknowledgments of deeds may be made before any of the deeds may be; ac- following-named officers of the State, district, county, or Territory within knowledged. the United States, in which the person making the deed may be, 31 May, 1832, c. nam; 112, s. 1, v. 4, p. 520. First. Before any judge of a court of record and of law. 16 Sept., 1850, c. Second. Before any chancellor of a State. 52, v. 9, p. 458. Third. Before any judge of the supreme, circuit, district, or territo29 July, 1854, c. rial courts of the United States. 159, s. 1, v. 10, p. 315. 8 April, 1864, c. Fourth. Before any justice of the peace. 51, s. 5, v. 13, p. 44. Fifth. Before any notary public.'25 Mar., 1870, c. Sixth. Before any commissioner of the circuit court of the district, 31, v. 16, pp. 77, 8. appointed for that purpose. [See R. s. U.S., ~ 1775.] Edmondson vs. Lovell, 1 Cranch, C. C., 103. Certificate of ac- SEC. 442. The officer taking an acknowledgment shall annex to the knowledgment. deed a certificate under his hand and seal to the following effect: 31 May, 1832, e. C.- County, [or city, &c.,] to wit: 112, s. 1, v. 4, p. 521. I, A B, a justice of the peace, [or other prescribed officer, giving his 20 April, 1838, c. title,] in and for the county, [or city, or parish, or district,] aforesaid, 57. 1 v. 5 p.22 in the State [or Territory, or district, of [, do hereby certify that C D, a party [or C D and E F, &c., parties] to a certain deed, bearing date on the - day of-, and hereto annexed, personally appeared before me in the county [or city, &c.] aforesaid, the said C D, [or C D and E F, &c.,] being personally well known to me, as [or proved by the oaths of credible witnesses before me to be] the person [or persons] -who executed the said deed, and acknowledged the same to be his [her, or their] act and deed. Given under my hand and seal this --- day of A. B. [SEAL.] To official char-. SEC. 443. When acknowledgments are made beyond the limits of the acter of person District within the United States, the certificate of the same shall be taking acknowlEdt6g~meunlt. at accompanied by a certificate of the register, clerk, or other public officer having cognizance of the fact, under his official seal, that, at the date ibid. of the acknowledgment, the officer taking the same was, in fact, the officer he purported to be. Acknowledg- SEC. 444. Deeds made in a foreign country may be executed and ments in a foreign acknowledged before any judge or chancellor of any court, master, or country. master extraordinary in chancery, or notary public, or before any secre31 May, 1832, c. tary of legation or consular officer of the United States. [see B.s. S. F., ~ 1750.] 112, s. 1, v. 4, p. 521. 18 Aug., 1856, c. 127, s. 24, v. 11, p. 61. Official character SEC. 445. When acknowledgments are made before an officer in a of foreign officer. foreign country other than a secretary of legation or consular officer of Ibid. the United States, the official character of the person taking the acknowledgement shall be certified in the manner prescribed in section four hundred and forty-two. Vhen deeds (ex- SEC. 446. All deeds, except deeds of trust and mortgages, which are cept, &c.) take ef- acknowledged or proved, and certified, according to law, and delivered to the recorder of deeds for record within six months after the sealing 20 April, 1838, c. and delivery thereof, shall take effect and be valid as to all persons from 57, s., v. 5, p. 26. the time of such acknowledgment or proof. When deeds of SEC. 447. All deeds of trust and mortgages, whenever delivered to the trust, &c., take recorder of deeds for record, and all other conveyances, covenants, agreements, and deeds, which shall not be acknowledged, proved, or cerIbid. tified, and delivered to the recorder for record within six months after the sealing and delivery thereof, shall take effect and be valid, as to all subsequentpurchasers for valuable consideration without notice, and as to all creditors, from the time when such deed of trust or mortgage, or other conveyance, covenant, agreement, or deed, shall have been so acknowl CONVEYANCE OF IREAL ESTATE. 53 edged, proved, or certified, and delivered to the recorder for record, and from that time only. S3EC. 448. If two or more deeds containing the same property, after Preferences in having been acknowledged, or proved and certified, be delivered to the record. recorder for record on the same dlay, that which shall have been first 5720 April, 1838, c sealed and delivered shall have preference in law. 226, 227. SEC. 449. Any title-bond, or other written contract in relation to land, Title-bonds or may be proved, acknowledged, certified, and recorded, in the same man- contract. ner as deeds for the conveyance of land; and such proof or acknowledg- Ibid., s. 3, p. 227. ment, and certificate, and the delivery of such bond or contract to the recorder of deeds for record, shall be taken and held to be notice to all subsequent purchasers of the existence of such bond or contract. SEC. 450. When any married woman shall be a party executing a When a married deed for the conveyance of real estate or interest therein, and shall only woman is party to be relinquishing her right of dower, or when she shall be a party with a deed. her husband to any deed, it shall be the duty of the officer authorized 31 May, 1832, c. to take acknowledgments, before whom she may appear, to examine her 112, s. 2, v. 4, p. 521. privily and apart from her husband, and to explain to her the deed 57s. 4Aprl, 15,.7. fully..57,. 4, v. 5, p. 227. SEC. 451. If, upon such privy examination and explanation, she shall Certificate. acknowledge the deed to be her act and deed, and shall declare that she Ibid. had willingly signed, sealed, and delivered the same, and that she wished not to retract it, the officer shall certify such examination, acknowledgment, and declaration by a certificate annexed to the deed, and under his hand and seal, to the following effect: -— county, [or city, &c.,] to wit: I, A B, a justice of the peace, [or other prescribed officer, giving title,] in the county [or city, &c.] aforesaid, in the State [or Territory, &c.] of d-e-, do hereby certify that C D, the wife of E] F, party to a certain deed bearing date on the - day of and hereunto annexed, personally appeared before me in the county [or city, &c.] aforesaid, the said C D being well known to me as [or proved by the oaths of credible witnesses before me to be] the person who executed the said deed, and being by me examined privily and apart from her husband, and having the deed aforesaid fully explained to her, she, the said E F, acknowledged the same to be her act and deed, and declared that she had willingly signed, sealed, and delivered the same, and that she wished not to retract it. Given under my hand and seal this -- day of A. B. [SEAL.] SEC. 452. When the privy examination, acknowledgment, and decla- Effect of deed. ration of a married woman is taken and certified and delivered to the recorder of deeds for record, in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, the deed shall be as effectual in law as if she had been an unmarried woman, but no covenant contained in the deed shall in any manner operate upon her or her heirs, further than to convey effectually her right of dower or other interest in the real estate which she may have at the date of deed. [see ~~ 727-730.1 CONVEYANCE FOtR RELIGIOUS PUIRPOSES. SEC. 453. Where any conveyance or devise of real estate is made for Certain conveythe use and benefit of any religious congregation as a place of public ances not void for worship, such conveyance or devise shall not be void or frustrated by want of trustees. reason of the want of trustees to take and hold the same in trust, but 17 June, 1844, c. trustees may be appointed as provided in the following section. 101,. 2, v.5, p. 679. SEC. 454. When such conveyance or devise is made, whether by the Appointment of intervention of trustees or not the supreme court of the district shall, on trustees. application of the United States attorney, on belhalf of the authorities Ibicl., s. 3. of any such congregation, have power to appoint trustees, originally, when there are none, or to substitute others, from time to tinle, in cases of death, refusal, or neglect to act, removal from the District, or other inability to execute the trust beneficially and conveniently; and the 54 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. legal title shall thereupon become exclusively vested in the whole number of the trustees and their successors. Who may sue SEC. 455. A majority of the acting trustees for any such congregation and be sued. may sue and be sued in their own names, in relation to the title, posses17 June, 1844, c. sion, or enjoyment of such property, without abatement by the death of 101, s. 4, v. 5, pp. any of the trustees, or substitution of others; and the action or suit may 679, 680. be prosecuted to its final termination in the names of the trustees by or against whom the same was instituted, and all other proceedings had in relation thereto, in like manner as if such death or substitution had not occurred. Limitation to use SEC. 456. Land authorized to be conveyed and held subsequent to of land. June seventeenth, eighteen hundred and forty-four, and prior to May Ibid., p. 680. fifth eighteen hundred and seventy, for the uses of any religious con5 May, 1870, c. gregation, in quantity not exceeding fifty acres, if in the District outside 80, s. 2, v. 16, p. 99. of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, nor exceeding three acres, if in either of said cities, shall-not be held by the trustees of such congregation for any other use than as a place of public worship, religious or other instruction, burial-ground, or residence of their minister. [See ~6 503, 539,] Gifts and d e- SEC. 457. The thirty-fourth section of the Declaration of Rights of the vises. State of Maryland, adopted seventeen hundred and seventy-six, so far 25 July, 1866, c. as the same was recognized and adopted in the District prior to July 237, v. 14, p. 232. twenty-fifth, eighteen hundred and sixty-six, is repealed and annulled, and all sales, gifts, and devises prohibited by said section, or by any law passed in accordance therewith, are, when made, valid and effectual: Provided, That, in case of gifts and devises, the same shall be made at least one calendar month before the death of the donor or testator. QUIETING LAND-TITLES. Certain deeds not SEC. 458. No deed or conveyance of squares or lots of public land in to be invalid. the city of Washington made in pursuance of law prior to March third, 3 Mar., 1863, c. eighteen hundred and sixty-three, by the commissioner of public build115, v. 12, p. 807. ings, or any other authorized officer, Shall be deemed invalid in law, for the want of an acknowledgment by the commissioner or other authorized officer before such judicial officers as deeds of real property made between individuals are required by law to be acknowledged. Defect ive a c - SEC. 459. All deeds and acknowledgments recorded in the land-records knowledgmen ts of the District prior to March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, of any of the following classes, namely: 3 Mar., 1865, c. First,. All deeds which have been executed and acknowledged by 110, s. 1, v. 13, pp. married women, their husbands having signed and sealed the same, for'531 532. conveying any real estate or interest therein, situated in the District. Second. All acknowledgments of deeds which have been made by married women, whether they have executed the deed or not, for the purpose of releasing their claims to dower in the lands described therein, situated in the District, in which acknowledgments the form prescribed by law has not been followed. Third. All deeds which have been executed and acknowledged by an attorney in fact, duly appointed for conveying real estate situated in the District. Fourth. All deeds executed and acknowledged, or only acknowledged by such attorney in fact, for conveying real estate situated in the District, as to which the acknowledgment was made before officers different from those before whom proof of the power of attorney was made, and as to which the power of attorney was proved before only one justice of the peace; Fifth. All deeds for the purpose of conveying land situated in the District, acknowledged out of the District, before a judge of a United States court, or before two aldermen of a cit,y or the chief magistrate of a citSy or before a notary public; Sixth. All deeds for the purpose of conveying land situated in the District, acknowledged by an attorney in fact, duly appointed, or by an CONVEYANCE OF REAL ESTATE. 55 officer of a corporation, duly authorized, who has acknowledged the same to be his act and deed, instead of the act and deed of the grantor or of the corporation; and, Seventh. All deeds for the purpose of conveying land situated in the District to which there is not annexed a legal certificate as to the official character of the officer or officers taking the acknowledgment, are declared to be of the same effect and validity to pass the fee-simple or other estate intended to beconveyed, and bar dower in the real estate thereinmentioned in favor of parties in actual possession, claiming under and through such deedsFirst. As if such deeds had been by such married women executed and acknowledged, or acknowledged in case of a dower right, in the form prescribed by law; Second. As if such deeds had been executed and acknowledged by the grantor in the deed; Third. As if such power of attorney had been proved before the officer or officers taking the acknowledgment; Fourth. As if such power of attorney had been proved before two justices of the peace; Fifth. As if such acknowledgment had been made before any judge of a State court, or before two justices of the peace; Sixth. As if such attorneys-in-fact or officer of a corporation had acknowledged the deed to be the deed of the grantor or of the corporation; Seventh. As if such deeds had thereto annexed a certificate, in legal form, that the officer or officers taking the acknowledgment were really what they purport to be. SEC. 460. In cases mentioned in the preceding section the certificate Privy acknow]of acknowledgment by a married woman must show that the acknowl- edgmeuts. edgment was made " apart " or "'privily " from her himband, or use some 3 March, 1865, c, other term importing that her acknowledgment was made out of his 110, s. 1, v. 13, pp. presence, and also that she acknowledged or declared that she willingly 531, 532. executed or that she willingly acknowledged the deed, or that the same was her voluntary act, or to that effect. SEC. 461. Any acknowledgment made by a married woman of any What sufficient deed executed by her husband, and recorded as mentioned in section to bar dower. four hundred and fifty-nine, shall be good and effectual to bar all claim Ibil.,s. 3, p. 532. on her part to dower in the lands described therein, situated in the District, although she shall not have executed the same. SEc. 462. When the power of attorney mentioned in section four hundred When power of and fifty-nine is executed by a married woman, the sane shall be effectual attorney snfficient. and sufficient if there is such an acknowledgment of the same as would Ibid., s. 1, p. 5:32. be sufficient, under the provisions of this chapter, to pass her estate and interest therein were she a party executing the deed of conveyance. SEr:c. 463. The record and copy thereof of any deedl recorded, as men- Record and copy tioned in section four hundred and fifty-nine, shall be evidence thereof, of deed. in the same manner and shall have the same effect as if such deed had Ibid. been origimnally executed, acknowledged, and recorded according to law. SEC. 464. The acts of Congress approved May thirty-first, eighteen Construction of hundred and thirty-two, and April twenty, eighteen hundred and thirty- certain acts. eight, in reference to the acknowledgment and recording of deeds of 31 May, 1832, c. lands situated in the District, shall be taken and construed aS cumula- 112, v. 4, p. 520. tive with the acts of Maryland on the same subject in force in the Dis- 20 April, 1838, c. trict at the passage thereof, and an acknowledgment made and certified 57' v. 5, p. 226..ILIVV C riU LI Vl Ir V3 March, 1865, c. in compliance with any one of said acts, and before any officer author- 110, s. 3,v.13. p. 532. ized by either of said acts to take an acknowledgment, whether in or out of the District, shall be good and effectual. SEC. 465. If in any case it shall appear that the grantor "' acknowl- What sufficient edged said deed," it shall have the same effect as if he acknowledged to express c - the deed to be his act and deed. knowledgmeut. 3 March, 1865, c. 110, s. 1, pp. 531, 532. SEC. 466. All exceptions in favor of parties beyond the District, which Certain excepmay by laws in force March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, be tions abrogated. replied or relied on in any action or proceeding brought in the District, Ibid., s. 2, p, 532. are repealed and albrogated. .56 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. CHAPTER FIFTEEN. RECORDER OF DEEDS. Sec. Sec. 467. Appointment of recorder. 470. Fees. 468. Roornms to be appropriated. 471. Certain records made valid. 469. Recorder may obtain rooms, when. Appointment and SEC. 467. There shall be a recorder of deeds of the District appointed (dtIies of recorder. by the President, who shall record all deeds and other instruments in 14 Feb., 1863, c. writing authorized to be recorded, and perform all requisite services 3 Marc 1,1869, c. connected therewith, and who shall have charge and custody of all the 151, s. 1, v. 15, p. 341. records, papers, and property appertaning to his office. [See ~~ 63, 90,14, 440.] 3 March, 1861, c. 24, s. 5, v. 2, p. 115. Rooms to be ap- SEr. 468. The chief of engineers in charge of the public buildings and propriated. grounds is directed to appropriate such rooms in any of the public build14 Feb., 1863, c. ings under his charge for the use of the recorder as may be necessary 34, s. 2, v. 12, Pp. for his accommodation. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 1797.] 651,652. Recorder m a y SEC. 409. When rooms cannot be so appropriated without interfering obtain r o om s; with the business of the departments, the recorder shall procure, with wvhere. the approbation of the chief of engineers, such rooms, in the city of Ibid. Washington, as may be necessary for the security of the records and the convenient transaction of the business of his office. Fees. $SEC. 470. The legal fees for the services of the recorder shall be as follows, namely: 3 March, 1869, c. For filing, recording, and indexing, or for making certified copy of 151, s. 2,v.15, p. 341. any instrument containing two hundredl words or less, fifty cents, and fifteen cents for each additional hundred words, to be collected at the time of filing, and when the copy is made. For each certificate and seal, twenty-five cents. For searching records extending back two years or less next preceding current date, twenty-five cents, and five cents for each additional year, to be paid by the party for whom the search may be made. For recording a town-plat, three cents for each lot such plat may contain. For recording a plat or survey, five cents for each course such survey may contain. For filing and indexing any paper required by law to be filed in his office, fifteen cents. For each examination of title by the party or his attorney, fitly cents. For taking any acknowledgment, fifty cents. Certain records SEC. 471. All deeds of conveyance, leases, powers of attorney, and made valid. other written instruments required by law to be filed and recorded, and Iid., s. 3, pp. 341, all copies of instruments and records and certificates authorized by law, ~342. filed, recorded, made, and certified bv William G. Flood, as acting register of deeds for the District since the death of Edward C. Eddie, at former register, up to the date of the appointment and qualification of his successor, are declared to be legally performed, the same as if the said William G. Flood had been legally appointed and qualified as register of deeds. CHAPTER SIXTEEN. SURVEYOR. Sec. Sec. 472. Legal office of record. 476. What nlmst be shown. 473. Certified transcripts to be evidence. 477. Subdivision of squares. 474. Oath of surveyor. 4738. Examination by surveyor; certificate 475. Plats of squares, how drawn. and record. SURVEYOBR.J tt57 Sec. Sec. 479. Reference to plat and record. 484. Surveyor's certificate and record. 480. Alleys and passage-ways. 485. Examination of foundations; certifi481. Measurement of subdivisions; appor- cate. tionment of deficiencies. 486. Surveyor's fees. 4S2. Encroachment by wall upon adjoin- 487. Subdivision of squares belonging to ing lot. United States. 483. Party-walls. SEC. 472. The office of the surveyor of the District is the legal office of Lcgal office of record of the plats of all property in the city of Washington, and all records record. of the division of squares and lots made between the public and original 17 May, 1848, c. proprietors, or otherwise authorized by law, shall be kept in said office. 42, s. 8, v. 9, p. 228. 12 Jan., 1809, c. 8, s. 7, v. 2, pp. 51'2, 513. SEC. 473. All transcripts from such records certified by the surveyor Certified transhall be evidence equally valid with certified transcripts from the land- scripts to be evirecords of the District. deuce. Ibid. SEc. 474. The surveyor, before entering upon the discharge of his du- Oath of surveyor. ties, shall take an oath or affirmation that he will faithfully and impar- 12 Jan., 1809, c. 8, tially perform the duties required of him by the provisions of this chap- s. 9, v., p. 513. ter. SEC. 475. The plats of the squares in the city of Washington shall Plats of square; be drawn upon a uniform scale of not less than one inch to fifty feet, how drawn. and shall show the lines of all subdivisions of the squares as the same 17 May, 1848, c. existed at the (late of the completion of each square. 42, s. 8, v. 9, p. 228. SEc. 476. The method of description provided for by section shall What must be be such that the Lplats of the squares shall at all times show the lines of shown. property as actually existing in the squares. [See ~ 439.] Ibid. SEc. 477. Whenever the proprietor of any square or lot shall deem it Subdivision of necessary to subdivide the same into convenient building lots or portions squares. for sale and occupancy, and alleys for their accommodation, he lly 12 Jan., 1809, c. cause a plat to be made, on which shall be expressed the dimensions 8,. 1,v. 2, p. 511.:and length of all the lines of such portions as are necessary for defining and laying off the same on the ground, and may certify such subdivision unider his h]and and seal, in the presence of two or ntore credible witnesses, upon the same plat, or on a paper or parchment attached thereto. SEC. 478. At the request of the proprietor, the surveyor shall examine Examiination of whether the lots or parcelsinto which any squa-reor lot may be subdivided, surveyor; certifias provided in the preceding section, agree in dimensions with the whole cate and record. of the square or lot so intended to be subdivided, and vlwhether the dimen- Ibid., s. 2, pp. 511, sions expressed on the plat of subdivision be the true dimensions of the 512. parts so expressed; and if upon such examilnation he shallfind the plat correct, he shall certify the same uunder his hand and seal, with such remarks as appear to him necessary, and shall record the plat as examined in a book to be kept by him for that purpose. SEC. 479. When a subdivision of any square or lot shall be so certi- Referencetoplat fied, examined, and recorded, the purchaser of any part thereof, or any and record. person interested therein, may refer to the plat and record for descrip- Ibid., s. 3, p. 512. tion, in the same manner as to squares and lots divided between the commissioners and original proprietors. SEc. 480. The ways, alleys, or passages, laid out or expressed on any Alleys and pas1)lat of subdivision, shall be and remain to the public, or subject to the uses sage-ways. (leclarecd by the person making such subdivision, at all times under the Ibid. same police regulations as the alleys laid off by the commissioners on division with the original proprietors. SEC. 481. Whenever the surveyor slhall lay off any lot, or any of the Measurement of l)arts into which a square or lot may -be subdivided as provided in this subdivisions; apchlapter, he shall mesasure the whole of that front of the square on which potrtionment of dosuch lot or )art lies; and if, on such admeasurement, the whole front ticiencies. of the square exceeds or faills short of the aggregate of the fronts of the Ibid., s. 4, p. 512. DISTRICT OF' COLUMBIAo lots on that side of the square, as. the same are recorded, he shall apportion such excess, or deficiency, among the lots or pieces on that front, agreeably to their respective dimensions. Encroach m c n t SEC. 482. Whenever, on such adineasurement, the wall of a house by -wall upon ad- previously erected by any proprietor shall appear to stand on the adjoiningr lot. _ Joining lot of any other person in part less than seven inches ili width 12 Jan., 1809, c. thereon, such wall shall be considered as standing altogether on the 8,. 4, v 2, p. 512. land of such proprietor, who shall pay to the owner of the lot on whicl the wall may stand a reasonable price for the ground so occupied, to be decided by arbitrators or a jury, as the parties interested may agree. Party walls. SEC. 4t33. If the wall of any housee, already erected, cover seven inches Ibid. or more in width of the adjoining lot, it shall be deemed a party wall, 21 Feb., 1871, c. according to the regulations for building in the District as made under 62, s. 37,v. ii, p. 427. the provisions of section seventy-nine, and the ground so occupied; mnore than seven inches in widtbh shall be paid for as provided in the preceding section. Surveyor's cer- SEC. 484. The surveyor shall a-scertain and certify7 and put on record tilicate and record. at the request and expense of any person interested therein, the fict; of ]j2 Jan., 1809, c. 8, the occupation of land by a party wall as mlentioned in the precedingll s.A 4. 2, 2 p. 512. section. Examination of SEC. 4S5. It shall be the duty of the surveyor to attend, when refoundations; cer- quested, and examine the foundation or walls of any house to be erected, tificato.. when the same shall be level with the street or surface of the ground, Ibid., s. 5, p. 512. for the purpose of adjusting the line of the front of such building to t he line of the street, and correctly placing the party-wall on the line of division between that and the adjoining lot; and his certificate of the fact shall be admitted as evidence, and binding on the parties interested. Surveyor's fees. SEC. 486. The surveyor shall be authorized to receive from the persons Ibid., s. 6, p. 512. for whom he shall perform the services required by this act the fees following, namely: For examining the plat and calculations of any subdivision of a square or lot, twelve and a half cents for each of the lots or portions into which it may be subdivided; but no more shall be paid for the lots in one square than-one dollar and fifty cents. For examining any building and giving the certificate required by tle preceding section, and recording the same, one dollar and fif'ty cenlts. IFor recording any division or subdivision of any square; or lots fior transcripts fronl records, and for searchles in his office, the fees provoided by law, but not in any case to exceed the fee allowed by this section for exatnmination. Subdivision of SEC. 487. Wh;lenever the President shall deem it necessary to subllisquares elonlging vide any square or lot belonging to the Unitedl Satates within the cit,y of * Tashington, not reserved for public purposes, into convenient buildingIbid., s. 8, p.,513. lots or portions oir sale and oecutpascy, and alleys for their a ccommodation, he may cause a plat to be made by the surveyor in the imanner prescribed in thi's chapter, which plat shall be recorded by the surveyor, and the provisions of this clhapter shall extend to the lots, pieces, and parcers of ground contained in such plat,as ful]y as. to subdivisions made by individual proprietors. CHAPTER SEVENTE EN. LIJITED PAiTHEgHI~JS. Sec. Sec. 485. Limitedl partnerslhips, howr formetd. 494. Affidavit of gelenral part:huer. 489. General and special partners. i495. WhTen palrtuership to be deemned 490. Limit to number of special partuners. formed. 491. Limit to their liability. 496. Liability for false statements. 498. Certificate of partnership. 4'397. Torms of partnership to be p-ubli-hed. 493. To be acknowledged, certificd, tlnd 498. Otherwiisepartnership genera1l. recordedl. 499. Affidalit of publicatiou. LIMITED PAIRTNERSHIPS. 59 Sec. Sec. 500. Renewal or continuance. 510. Sales, assignments, and preferences, 501. When to be deemed general. when void. 502. Alteration of terms to be deemed a 511. Further liability of special partner. dissolution. 512. Special partner not to claim as cred503. If carried on after alteration. itor, when. 504. How partnership business may be 513. Suits, how brought. conducted. 514. When special partners appear not 505. In suits, who to be defendants. liable. 506. When name of special partner used; 515. When special partners are discovered liability. to be liable. 507. General partners to transact the busi- 516. Judgments. ness. 517. Dissolution of partnership. 508. Interest and profits. 518. Liability of general partners. 509. When capital reduced by payments to special partner. SEC. 488. Limited partnerships for the transaction of any mercantile, Limited partnermechanical, or manufacturing business within the District may be ship, how formed. formed by two or more persons upon the terms, with the rights and 2 March, 1867, c. powers, and subject to the conditions and liabilities prescribed in this 161, s. 1, v. 14, p. 435. chapter. SE(C. 489. Such partnership may consist of one or more persons, who General and speshall be called general partners, and who shall be jointly and severally cial partners. responsible as general partners are by law, and of one or more persons, Ibid., s. 2, p. 435. who shall contribute in actual cash payments a specific sum as capital to the common stock, who shall be called special partners. SEC. 490. The number of special partners shall in no'partnership Limit to number exceed six. of special partners. Ibid. SEC. 491. Special partners are not liable for the debts of the partner- Limit to their ship beyond the fund contributed by them to the capital. liability. Ibid. SEC. 492. Persons desirous of forming a limited partnership shall Certificate of make and severally sign a certificate, which shall contain- partnership. First. The name or firm under which such partnership is to be con- Ibid., s. 3, pp. ducted. 435, 436. Second. The general nature of the business intended to be transacted. Third. The names of all the general and special partners interested therein, distinguishing which are general and which are special partners, and their respective places of residence. Fourth. The amount of capital which each special partner shall have contributed to the common stock. Fifth. The period at which the partnership is to commence, and the period at which it is to terminate. SEC. 493. The certificate shall be acknowledged by the several per- To be acknowlsons signing the same before a notary public or a judge of any court in edged,certifiedand the District, and; such acknowledgments shall be made and certified in recorded the same manner as the acknowledgments of deeds of landl, and when so Ibid., s. 4, p. 436. acknowledged and certified shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District, and shall be recorded by him at large in a book kept for that purpose, open to public inspection. SEC. 494. At the time of filing the original certificate, with the evi- Affidavit of gendeuce of the acknowledgment thereof, as directed in the preceding sec- eral partner. tion, an affidavit of one or more of the general partners shall also be filed Ibid., s. 5, p. 436. therewith in the same office, stating that the sums, specified in the certificate to have been contributed by each of the special partners to the common stock, have been actually and in good faith paid in cash. SEC. 495. No such partnership shall be deemed to have been formed When partner. until a certificate shall have been made, acknowledged, filed, and re- ship to be deemed corded, nor until an affidavit shall have been made and filed, as directed formed. by the three preceding sections. Ibid., s. 6, p. 436. SEC. 496. If any false statement, notthe result of accident or mistake, Li ability for shall be made in the certificate or affidavit required by the preceding false statements. sections of this chapter, all the persons interested in the partnership Ibid. 60 DIS-TRICT OF COLUMBIA. shall be liable for all the engagements of such partnership as general partners. Terms of part- SEC. 497. The partners shall publish the terms of the partnership, nership to be pub- when registered, three times a week for at least four weeks, immediately after such registry, in two newspapers to be designated by the 2 March, 1867, c. clerk of the supreme court of the District, the first publication to appear 161, s. 71 v. 141 p. 436. within one week after the registry. Otherwise part- SEC. 498. If the publication prescribed in the preceding section be nership to be gen- not made, the partnership shall be deemed general. eral. Ibid. Affidavit of pub- SEC. 499. The affidavits of the publication of the notice required by lication. section four hundred and ninety-seven, by the editors or publishers of Ibid. the newspapers in which the same shall have been published, shall be filed with the clerk directing the same, and shall be prima-facie evidence of the facts therein contained; the affidavit of any one editor or publisher of each newspaper being sufficient. Renewal or con- SEC. 500. Every renewal or continuance of a partnership beyond the tinuance. time originally fixed for its duration shall be certified, ackllowledged, and bid., s. 8, p. 436. recorded, and an affidavit of a general partner be made and filed, and notice be given in the manner required by the provisions of this chapter for its original formation. When renewed SEC. 501. Every partnership which shall be renewed and continued to be deemed gen- otherwise as provided in this chapter shall be deemed a general parteral. nership. Ibid. Alteration of SEi C. 502. Every alteration which shall be made in the names of the terms to be deemed partners, in the nature of the business, or in the capital or shares thereof, a dissolution. or in any other matter specified in the original certificate, shall be Ibid., s. 9, p. 436. deemed a dissolution of the partnership. If carried on af- SEC. 503. Every partnership which shall in any manner be carried on ter alteration. after any such alteration shall have been made shall be deemed a general Ibid. partnership, unless renewed as a special partnership, under the provisions of section five hundred. How partnership SEC. 504. The business of the partnership may be conducted under business may be the name of any one or more of the general partners, and with or withconcducted. 1out the addition of the word Co., or company, as the parties may deterIbid., S. 10, pp. mine. 436,437. In suits who to SEC. 505. In any action or suit brought on any contract or engagebe defendants. ment of the partnership, or to enforce any liability of the same, the genlIbid. eral partners whose names shall be used in the firm or business shall be the only necessary defendants; and any judgment or decree recoveredl against such defendant shall have the same legal effect and operation, and execution thereon shall be enforced and have like effect against the partnership assets, as if the judgment or decree had been recovered against the general partners. When name of a SEC. 506. If the name of any special partner shall be used in the firm special partner with his privity, he shall be deemed a general partner. used, liability. Ibid., s. 11, p. 437. General partners SEC. 507. The general partners only shall transact the business, and t o transact the if a special partner shall interfere, contrary to this provision, he shall be deemed a general partner, but he may from time to time examine Ibid., s. 11, p. 437. into the state and progress of the partnership concerns and advise as to their management. Interest and SEC. 508. No part of the sum which any special partner shall have profits. contributed to the capital stock shall be withdrawn by him or paid or Ibid., s. 12, p. 437. transferred to him in the shape of dividends, profits, or otherwise, during the continuance of the partnership, but any partner may annually receive lawful interest on the sum so contributed by him if the payment of such interest shall not reduce the original amount of such capital; LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS. 61 and if, after payment of such interest, any profits shall remain to be divided, he may also receive his portion of such profits. SEC. 509. If it shall appear that, by the payment of interest or profits When capital reto any special partner, the original capital has been reduced, the part- duced by payments ner receiving the same shall be bound to restore the amount necessary 2 March, 1867, C. to make good his share of capital, with interest, on being notified 1.61,. 13,~. 14. p. thereof. 437. SEC. 510. Every sale, assignment, or transfer of any property or effects S ale s, assignof a partnership, or of any general partner, made by such partnership menets, and preiror general partner when insolvent or in contemplation of insolvency, or after or in contemplation of the insolvency of any general partner, with Ibid., s. 14, p. 437. the intent of giving a preference to any creditor of such partnership' or insolvent partner, and every judgment confessed, lien created, or security given by such partnership or general partner under the like circumstances and with the like intent, shall be void as against the creditors of such partnership. SEC. 511. Every special partner who shall violate any of the provis- FPurther liability ions of the two preceding sections, or who shall concur in or assent to ofspeial partners. any such violation by the partnership or by any individual partner, Ibid.,s. 15, p. 437. shall be liable as a general partner. SEC. 512. In case of the insolvency or bankruptcy of a partnership Special partner no special partner shall, under any circumstances, be allowed to claim not to claim as as a creditor until the claims of all the other creditors of the partner- creditor; when. -ship shall be satisfied. [SeeR. S.U.s.,~512.] Ibid.,. 16, p. 437. SEC. 513. All suits respecting the business of the partnership shall Suits; how be brought by and against the general partners only, subject to the pro- brought. visions of section five hundred and five, except in those cases in which Ibid., s. 17, p. 437. provision is made in this chapter, that special partners shall be deemed general partners and special partnerships general partnerships, in which cases all persons so becoming general partners may be joined with those originally general partners in any suit brought against such partnerships. SEC. 514. If, in any case or suit brought against general and special When special partners, it shall appear at the trial of the case that the special partners par tners appear or any one of them are not liable to the writ of the plaintiff, the court not liable. may proceed to judgment or decree against the partners who may ap. Ibid., s. 18, pp. pear to be liable, in the same manner as if such partners were the only 437, 438. parties defendant to the writ, excepting that the partners who may be deemed not liable shall recover their legal costs against the plaintiffs. SEC. 515. If, in any case or suit brought against general and special When special partners, the creditor shall recover a judgment or obtain a decree partuers are discovered to be liaagainst general partners only, and shall afterward discover that special e to be partners, or some one or more of them, have become liable as general partners, he nmay bring a new suit against such special partner or partners. Ibcl. SEC. 516. In the suits mentioned in the two preceding sections the Judgments. judgment recovered shall be prima-facie evidence of the amount due by the partnership, and the partnership debt shall not be merged in any Ibid. judgment or decree recovered or obtained against any partner or partners, as against any other partner or partners. SEC. 517. No dissolution of such partnership by act of the partners Dissol t i o n o f shall take place previous to the time specified in the certificate of its partnership. formation, or in the certificate of its renewal, unless in consequence of the death of one of the partners, or insolvency of the partnership, or of Ibd., as. 19, p. 438. one of the general partners, nor until a notice of such dissolution shall have been filed and recorded in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District,U and published once a week for four weeks in two newspapers, to be designated by the clerk, which publication may be proved by affidavit, and recorded as hereinbefore prescribed for the publication of the certificate for the formation of such partnership. SEC. 518. The general partners shall be liable to account to each Liability of genother and to the special partners for the management of the concernl, eral partners. both in law and equity. Ibid., s, 20, p. 438. 62 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. CHAPTER EIGHTEEN. GENERAL INCORPORATION. Sec. Sec. 519. Creation of corporations by general 566. Annual report of company. law. 567. Liability of trustees for failure to make report. INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING. 568. Penalty for making false certificate. 569. Funds not to be invested in stocks of 520. How may be incorporated. other companies. 521. Corporate powers. 570. Loans to stockholders prohibited; lia522. Acquirement of property. bility. 523. Tenure of property. 571. Liability for unlawful dividends. 524. Funds, how to be applied. 572. Trustees filing objections relieved. 525. Bequests, &c., how to be applied. 573. When indebtedness exceeds capital 526. Limit to the amount of land corpora- stock; liability. tion may hold. 574. Personal liability for debts. 527. Land reverts to original donor, when; 575. Limitation. 528. Appointment of officers, &c. 576. Executors, &c., not personally liable. 529. May require treasurer to give bond. 577. Representation of stock by executors, 530. Annual statement. &c. 531. Process against corporation. 578. Stock held as collateral. 532. Prosecutions for forfeiture. 579. Stock-book to be kept. 580. To be open to inspection. IRELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 581. Transfers not valid unless recorded. 582. Stock-book to be presumptive evi533. Limit to ownership of land. dence. 534. Corporate name; trustees. 583. Penalty for neglect of officers. 535. Certificate of trusteeship. 584. Additional penalty of company. 536. Rules and regulations. 585. Companies may increase or diminish 537. Successors. capital stock, how. 538. Failure to choose trustees. 586. When not to be diminished. 539. Corporate powers. 587. Reorganization of existing campa, 540. Title to real estate. nies. 541. Uses and conveyances of property. 588. Meeting of stockholders. 542. Mortgages and deeds of trust. 589. Organization of meeting. 543. Reversion of property, when. 590. Proceedings. 544. Private schools for religious pur- 591. When change shall be deemed made. poses. 592. What vote sufficient. 593. Certified copy of certificate to be eviSOCIETIES, BENEVOLENT, EDUCATIONAL, &C. deuce. 545. Societies, how formed. CEMETERY ASSOCIATIONS. 546. Corporate powers. 547. Election of officers; by-laws. 594. Formation of association; corporate 548. Reorganization of existing societies. powers. 549. Sale of real estate. 595. May acquire land, how. 550. Surrender of corporate powers, 596. Survey, plat, and record. 551. Limit of time for holding real estate. 597. General powers of association. 552. Not to use name previously adopted. 598. Proceeds of sale of lots. 599. Officers, how chosen. MANUFACTURING, AGRICULTURAL, MINING, 600. First election. MECHANICAL, INSURANCE, MERCANTILE, 601. Subsequent elections, who may vote. TRANSPORTATION, MARKETI AND SAVINGS- 602. By-laws. ]BANKI CORPORATIONS. 603. Exemptions. 604. Dedication of land for burial-ground. 553. Companies, how formed. 554. Corporate powers. BOARDS OE TRADE. 555. Trustees. 556. Mode of election. 605. Board, how formed. 557. Non-election, of trustees not to dis- 606. Corporate powers. solve company. 607. May hold real estate; limit. 552. Officers. 608. Board of directors. 559. By-laws. 609. Election of officers. 560. Forfeiture for non-payment of assess- 610. Tenure of office. ments. 611. Rules and regulations. 561. Stock to be personal estate; trans- 612. Fines. fers. 613. Arbitration. 562. Liability of stockholders. 614. Award. 563. Certificate of payment of capital 615. Submission bondnot required; notice. stock. 616. Power of committee of reference to 564. When calpital must be paid in in issue subpcenas. full. 617. Restrictions upon carrying on busi565. Nothing but money to be payment of ness. capital stock. GENERAL INCORPORATION. 63 Sec. Sec. RAILROAD COMrPANIES. 647. Compensation for land. 648. Right to acquire title to lands. 618, Railroad companies, how formed. 649. Appropriation of lands. 619. Corporate powers. 650. Description to be deposited with clerk 620. Certified copies of articles of associa- of court. tion to be prima-facie evidence. 651. Purchase of lands from owner or 621. Subscription books to be opened. guardian. 622. Allotment of stock. 652. Proceedings in cases of appropriation. 623. Stockholders' annual meeting. 653. Notice by advertisement, when. 624. Duties of judges of election. 654. Appointment of appraisers. 629. Their certificate; its authority. 655. Assessment of damages. 626. Directors; number, qualifications, and 656. Payment or tender. term of office. 657. Cost of award. 627. H-Iow chosen. 658. Review on appeal. 628. Non-election of directors, how reme- 659. Company may take possession, when. died. 660. Costs of arbitration. 629. Stockholders' special meetings, how 661. Money to be paid into court, when. called. 662. Court to protect rights of parties in 630. Proceedings; adjournment. trust, &c. 631. By-laws. 663. Defective title, how may be perfected. 632. Officers, how chosen. 664. Power to borrow money and issue 633. Removal of president. bonds; restriction. 634. Annual statement of affairs. 665. Annual report. 635. May be called for at any meeting. 666. Carrying the mails. 636. Stock to be personal estate, how trans- 667. Making up trains. ferred. 668. Accommodation of the public. 637. Subscriptions to stock, how called in. 669. Penalty for refusal. 638. Certificate of amount of capital stock 670. Passenger refusing to pay fare. paid up. 671. Employ6s to wear badge. 639. Increase of capital stock. 672. Not to exercise authority without 640. Increase, how made. badge. 641. Limit to the amount of increase. 673. Route and termini of road to be ap642. Suits for installments of subscription. proved by Congress. 643. General powers, liabilities, and re- 674. Regulation by Congress of managestrictions of corporation. ment and rates of fare and freight. 644. Map and profile of road. 675. Construction of this chapter. 645. Alteration of line. 676. Repeal by Congress. 646. Tracks crossing highways. SEC. 519. Corporations may be formed within the District, for the Creation of corpurposes mentioned in this chapter, in the following manner: porations by general law. 5 May, 1870, c. 80, v. 16, pp. 98-116. Potomac Com. vs. Gilman, 2 Cranch, C. C., 243. CLASS 1. INSTITUTIONS OZF LEARNING. SEC. 520. Any five or more persons, desirous of associating themselves How may be infor the purpose of establishing an institution of learning, may make, corporated. sign, and acknowledge, before any officer authorized to take acknowl- 5 May, 1870, c. 80, edgment of deeds in the District, and file in the office of the recorder s. 1, v. 16, pp. 98,99. of deeds, a certificate in writing, to be recorded in a book kept for that purpose, and open to public inspection, in which shall be statedFirst. The name or title by which the institution shall be known in law. Second. The number of trustees, directors or managers, and their names. Third. The particular branch of literature and science, or either of them, proposed to be taught; and Fourth. If the institution is to be of the rank of a college or university, the number and designation of the professorships to be established. SEC. 521. Upon filing such certificate, the persons signing and ac- Corporate powknowledging the same, and their successors and associates, shall be a ers. body politic and corporate, by the name and style stated in the certifi- Ibid. cate, and by that name and style shall have perpetual succession, with power to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, to acquire, hold, and convTey property in all lawful ways, to have and use a common seal, and to alter and change the same at pleasure, to make and alter, from time to time, such by-laws, not inconsistent with the Constitution of the 64 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. United States or the laws in force in the District, as they may deem necessary for the government of the institution, and to confer upon such persons as may be considered worthy such academical or honorary degrees as are usually conferred by similar institutions. Acquirement of SEC. 522. Such corporatikon shall be competent in law and equity to property. take to themselves, in their corporate name, real, personal, or mixed 5 May, 1870, c.80 property, by gift, grant, bargain and sale, conveyance, will, devise, s. 1,v. 16pp. 9,. or bequests of any persons whomsoever, and to grant, bargain, sell, convey, devise, let, place out at interest, or otherwise dispose of the same for the use of the institution, in such manner as shall seem mdst beneficial thereto. Tenure of prop- SEC. 523. Such corporation shall hold the property of the institution erty. solely for the purposes of education, and not for the individual benefit Ibid. of themselves, or of any contributor to the endowment thereof. Funds, how to be SEC. 524. The trustees, directors, or managers of any such corporaapplied. tion shall faithfully apply all the funds collected or the proceeds of the Ibcid. property belonging to the institution, according to their best judgment, in erecting or completing suitable buildings, supporting necessary officers, instructors, and servants, and procuring books, maps, charts, globes, and philosophical, chemicals and other apparatus necessary to the success of said institution. Bequests, &c., SEC. 525. In case any donation, devise, or bequest shall be made for how to be applied. particular purposes, in accordance with the designs of the institution, Ibid. and the corporation shall accept the same, such donation, devise, or bequest shall be applied in conformity with the express condition of the donor or devisor. Limit to amount SEC. 526. No such corporation shall hold more land at any one time of land corporation than necessary for the purposes of education, as set forth in its articles of may hold. association, unless it shall have received the same by gift, grant, or Ibid. devise, and in such case the corporation shall be required to sell or dispose of the same within ten years from the time the title thereto is acquired. Land reverts to SEC. 527. On failure to so dispose of the land, so much of the same original donor, over and above the amount necessary to be used as provided in the when. preceding section shall revert to the original donor, grantor, devisor, or their heirs. Appointment of SEC. 528. Such corporation shall have power to appoint a president officers, &c.. or principal for the institution, and such professors or servants as may Ibid. be necessary, and to displace any of them, as the interests of the institution require; to fill vacancies which may happen by death, resignation, or otherwise, among such officers or servants; and to prescribe and direct the course of studies to be pursued in the institution. May r e q u ire SEC. 529. Such corporation may require the treasurer of the institutreasurer to give tion, and all other agents thereof, before entering upon the duties of lond. their appointment, to give bonds for the security of the corporation in Ibid. such sums and with security deemed sufficient by the corporation. Annual statement. SEC. 530. It shall be the duty of the trustees of any institutions or a Ibid. majority of them, to file, on or before the first Alonday in January in each year, in the office of the recorder of deeds, a statement of the trustees and officers of the institution, with an inventory of its property and liabilities and students, and such other information as will exhibit its condition or operation. Process against SEC. 531. All process against any such corporation shall be by sumcorporation. monls, and the service of the same shall be by leaving an attested copy Ibid. thereof with the president, secretary, or treasurer, or at the office of the corporation, at least sixty days before the return-day thereof. Prosecution for SEC. 532. In case any such corporation shall at any time violate or forfeiture. fail to comply with any of the preceding provisions, upon complaint Ibidl. being made to the supreme court of the District, a writ of quo warranto shall issue, and the district attorney of the United States or the attornley of the District shall prosecute, in behalf of the people, for a tforfeiture of. all rights and privileges secured by this chapter to sulch:corporation. GENERAL INCORPORATION. 65 CLASS 2. RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. SEc. 533. It shall be lawful for the members of any society or congre- Limit to ownergation in the District, formed for the purpose of religious worship, to ship of land. receive by gift, devise, or purchase, a quantity of land not exceeding an 5 May, 1870, c. acre, and to erect thereon such houses and buildings, and to make such 80, s.2, v. 16, pp. 99, other use of the land and such other improvements thereon, as may be 100. deemed necessary for the purposes named, and for the comfort and convenience of the society or congregation. SEC. 534. Such society or congregation may assume a name, and Corporate name; elect or appoint any number of trustees, not exceeding ten, who shall be trustees. styled trustees of such society or congregation by the name so assumed. Ibid. SEC. 535. The persons elected or appointed as trustees shall imme- C e r t i fi e ate of diately thereafter make a certificate under their hands andseals, stating trusteeship. the date of their election or appointment, the name of the society or Ibid. congregation, and length of time for which they were elected or appointed, which shall be verified by the affidavit of one of the persons making the same, and shall be filed and recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds of the District. SEC. 536. The trustees shall hold office during the period stated in Rules and regutheir certificates; and every such society or congregation shall have lations. power to provide for filling vacancies in the office of trustee, and to re- Ibid. move trustees from office, and to adopt such rules and regulations in relation to the duties of trustees, and the management of its estate, as the members may deem proper, not inconsistent with the Constitution of the United States and laws in force in the District. SEc. 537. At the expiration of the term of service of any trustee, the Successors. society or congregation shall elect or appoint successors, who shall Ibid continue in office for such period as -may be limited by the society or congregation; and a certificate of their appointment or election shall be made by the trustees whose term of service shall have expired, which shall be verified by affidavit and filed and recorded as provided in the election of officers in the first instance. SEC. 538. A failure to elect or appoint trustees at the proper time Failure to choose shall not work a dissolution of the society or congregation; but the trustees. trustees last elected or appointed shall be considered as in office until Ibid. another election or appointment shall take place. SEC. 539. Such trustees and their successors shall have perpetual Corporate powsuccession and existence, and shall be capable in law to sue and be ers. sued, implead and be impleaded, answered and be anuswered unto, defend Ibid. and be defended, in all courts of lawv or equity whatsoever, in and by the name and style assumed as provided in section five hundred and thirty-four. SEc. 540. The title to land authorized to be purchased, and to the Title to real esbuildings and improvements thereon, shall be vested in the trustees by tate. their assumed name, and their successors forever; and the same shall Ibid. be held for the uses and purposes named and no other. SET. 541. The trustees shall have power, under the direction of the Uses and conveysociety or congregation, to sell and execute deeds and conveyances of a9nces of property. the property authorized to be held by the society or congregation; and Ibid. such deeds or conveyances shall have the same effect as like deeds or conveyances made by natural persons; but no deed or conveyance shall be made so as to defeat or destroy the interest or effect of any grant, donation, or bequest, and all grants, donations, and bequests shall be appropriated and used as directed by the person making the same. SEC. 542. The trustees shall have power, under the dlirection of Mortgages a n d the society or congregation by whom they were elected or appointed, deeds of trust. to execute mortgages or deeds of trust in the nature of mortgages, Iblid. uponl the estate and property which any society or congregation are tluthorized to hold, or to lease the samne for a term not exceeding ten U S H. —5 (66 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. years. And such mortgages, deeds, and conveyances shall have the same effect and be enforced by the same remedies and proceedings as like mortgages, deeds, leases, and conveyances made by natural persons. Reversi on of SEC. 543. Upon the dissolution of any society or congregation, the property; when. estate and property of such society or congregation shall revert back to 5 May, 1870, c. the persons, their heirs and assigns, who may have given or contributed 80, s. 2, v. 16, pp. to the purchase of or payment for the same, according to their respective 99, 100. rights. Private schools SEC. 544. The provisions of the eleven preceding sections are intended for religious pur- to extend to members of societies formed to establish and maintain poses. private schools for religious purposes, but shall not be construed as Ibid. -conferring privileges or any benefits to such societies under the schoollaws of the District. CLASS 3. SOCIETIES, BENEVOLENT, EDUCATIONAL, ETC. Societies; how SEC. 545. Any three or more persons of full age, citizens of the United formed. States, a majority of whom shall be citizens of the District, who desire ibid,. 3, pp. 101, to associate themselves for benevolent, charitable educational, literary, 102. musical, scientific, religious, or missionary purposes, including societies formed for mutual improvement, or for the promotion of the arts, may make, sign, and acknowledge before any officer authorized to take acknowledgment of deeds in the District, and file in the office of the recorder of deeds, to be recorded by him, a certificate in writing, in which shall be statedFirst. The name or title by which such society shall be known in law. Second. The term for which it is organized, not exceeding twenty years. Third. The particular business and objects of the society. Fourth. The number of its trustees, directors, or managers for the first year of its existence. Corporate pow- SEC. 546. Upon filing their certificate, the persons who shall have ers. signed and acknowledged the same, and their associates and successors, Ibid. shall be a body politic and corporate, by the name stated in such certificate; and by that name they and their successors may have and use a common seal, and may alter and change the same at pleasure, and may make by-laws and elect officers and agents; and may take, receive, hold, and convey real and personal estate necessary for the purposes of the society as stated in their certificate. Election of offi- SEC. 547. Such incorporated society may annually, or oftener, elect cers; by-laws. from its members its trustees, directors, or managers, at such time and Ibid. place and in such manner as may be specified in its by-laws, who shall have the control and management of the affairs and funds of the society, and a majority of whom shall be a quorum for the transaction of business, and whenever any vacancy shall happen among such trustees, directors, or managers, the vacancy shall be filled in such manner as shall be provided by the by-laws of the society. Re- organization SEC. 548. The trustees, directors, or stockholders of any existing of existing socie- benevolent, charitable, educational, musical, literary, scientific, religious, or missionary corporation, including societies formed for mutual iluIbid. provement, may, by confolrming to the requirements herein, re-incorporate themselves, or continue their existing corporate powers under this chapter, or may change their name, stating in their certificate the original name of such corporation as well as their new name assumed; and all the property and effects of such existing corporation shall vest in and belong to the corporation so re-incorporated or continued. Sale of real es- SEC. 549. Such corporations may sell and dispose of any real estate tate. they may acquire by purchase, gift, or devise, as follows: Whenlever Ibid. any lot purchased for the use of the corporation, or any buildlllg GEINERAL INCORPORATION. 67 erected thereon, shall become ineligible for the uses for which the lot was purchased or the building erected, to be determined by a vote of two-thirds of the shares of the stock of the corporation or the members of the corporation, at a meeting of the stockholders, or corporators, or members specially called for that purpose, the proceedings of which meeting shall be duly entered in the records of the corporation, said lot or building may be sold, and the proceeds thereof may be vested in another lot, or in the erection of another building, or both. SEC. 550. When any real estate shall have been devised or given lo Surrender of corany such corporation for any specified benevolent purpose, and where, porate powers. by a vote of three-fourths of the stock held by the stockholders, or 5 May, 1870, c. three-fourths of the corporators, if no shares of stock have been created, o0, s. 3, v. 16, pp. at a meeting called for the purpose, of which such stockholders or 101,102. corporators or members shall have at least ten days' notice, the corporation shall determine to surrender their corporate powers and cease to act under the same, said real and personal estate so acquired shall be sold at public auction, proper notice of the time and place of sale having been given, and the proceeds of the sale equitably distributed among the stockholders or corporators, or disposed of for the promotion and advancement of the objects for which such corporation was originally organized. SEC. 551. No corporation acting under the six preceding sections shall Limit of time for hold real estate more than five years, except so much as shall be neces- holding real estatc. sary for the purposes named in its certificate. Ibid. SEC. 552. The provisions of this chapter shall not extend or apply to Not to use any any association or individual who shall, in the certificate filed with the name previously recorder of deeds, use or specify a name or style the same as that of adopted. any previously existing incorporated body in the District. Ibid' CLASS 4. MANUiFACTURING, AGRICULTURAL, MINING, MECHANICAL, INSURANCE, MERCANTILE, TRANSPORTATION, MARKET, AND SAVINGS-BANK CORPORATIONS. SEC. 553. Any three or mnore persons who desire to form a company Companies, how for the purpose of carrying on any kind of manufacturing, agricultural, formed. mining, mechanical, insurance, mercantile, transportation, or marketing Ibid.,s. 4 p 102. business, in the District or savings bank therein, may make, sign, and 17 June, 1870, c. acknowledge, before some officer competent to take the acknowledg- 131, s. 2, v. 16, p. ment of deeds, and file in the office of recorder of deeds a certificate in 153. writing, in which shall be stated: First. The corporate name of the company and the object for which ThomasDavisvs. it is formed. GeorgetownBridge Second. The term of its existence, not exceeding twenty years, except Co,' 1Craneh, CC, in case of corporations formed only boir the purpose of life-insurance. w. T. P. Co. vs. Van Third. The amount of the capital stock of the company, and the nhum- Ness, 2 Cranch, C. ber of shares of which said stock shall consist. C., 449. Fourth. The number of trustees who shall manage the concerns of the company for the first year, and their names. Fifth. The name of the place in the District in which the operations of the company are to be carried on. SEC. 554. When the certificates shall have been filed, in accordance Corporate powwith the provisions of the preceding section, the persons who shall have ers. signed and acknowledged the same, and their successors, shall be a 5 May, 1870, c. body politic and corporate in fact and iu name, by the name stated in 80, s. 4, v. 16, p. 102. such certificate, and by that name have succession, and be capable of suing and being sued in any court of law or equity in the District; and they and their successors may have a common seal, and make and alter the same at pleasure, and they shall by their corporate name be capable in law of purchasing, holding, and conveying any real or personal estate whatever which may be necessary to enable the company to carry on its 68 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. operations named in such certificate, but shall not mortgage such estate, or give any lien thereon, except in pursuance of a vote of the stockholders of the company. Trustees. SEC. 555. The stock, property, and concerns of such company shall be 5May, 1870,. 80, managed by not less than three or more than nine trustees, who shall, s. 4, v. 16, p. 102. respectively, be stockholders, and a majority citizens of the District, and shall, except the first year, be annually elected by the stockholders, at such time and place as shall be determined by the by-laws of the company. Mode of election. SEC. 556. Public notice of the time and place of holding such election Ibid., p. 103. shall be published not less than thirty days previous thereto, in the Rockville a n d newspaper printed nearest to the place where the operations of the cornW. T. P. Co. vs. pany shall be carried on, and the election shall be made by such of the VanNess,2Cranch, stockholders as shall attend for that purpose, either in person or by C. C., 449. proxy. All the elections shall be by ballot, and each stockholder shall be entitled to as many votes as he owns shares of stock in the company, and the persons receiving the greatest number of votes shall be trustees: and when any vacancy shall happen among the trustees, it shall be filled for the remainder of the year in such manner as may be provided by the by-laws of the company. Non-election of SEC. 557. In case it shall happen at any time that an election of trtstrustees not to dis- tees shall not be made on the day designated by the by-laws of said solve company. company, when it ought to have been made, the company for that reaIbid. son shall not be dissolved, but it shall be lawful on any other day to hold an election for trustees, in such manner as shall be provided by the by-laws, and all acts of trustees shall be valid and binding as against said company until their successors shall be elected. Officers. SEC. 558. There shall be a president of the company, who shall be Ibid. designated from the trustees, and also such subordinate officers, who may be elected or appointed, and required to give security for the faithful performance of the duties of their office, as the company by its bylaws may require. By-laws. SEC. 559. The trustees shall have power to make such prudential byIbid. laws as they deem proper for the management and disposal of the stock and business affairs of such company, not inconsistent with the laws of the District and the Constitution of the United States, and prescribing the duties of officers: artificers, and servants that may be employed, for the appointment of all officers, and for carrying on all kinds of business within the objects and purposes of such company. Forfeiture for SEC. 560. It shall be lawful for the trustees to call in and demand non-payment of from the stockholders all such sums of money by them subscribed, at assessments. such times and in such installments as the trustees shall deem proper, Ibid. under the penalty of forfeiting the shares of stock subscribed for and ail previous paymenIts made thereon, if payment shall not be made by the stockholder within sixty days after a personal demand or a notice requiring such payment shall have been published for six successive weeks in a newspaper in the District. Stock, personal SEC. 561. The stock of such company shall be deemed personal estate, estate; transfers. and shall be transferable in such manner as shall be prescribed by the Ibid. by-laws of the company; but ao shares shall be transferable. until all previous calls thereon shall have been fully paid in, or shall have been declared forfeited for non-payment. Liability of SEC. 562. All the stockholders of every company incorporated under stockholders. this chapter shall be severally individually liable to the creditors of the Ibid. company in which they are stockholders, to an amount equal to the amount of stock held by them respectively, for all debts and contracts made by such company, until the whole amount of capital stock fixed and limited by such company shall have been paid in and a certificate thereof shall have been imade and recorded, as prescribed in the following section. Certificate of SEC. 563. The president and a majority of the trustees, within thirty paymentof eapital days afterthe payment of the last installment of the capital stock so stock. fixed andl limited, shall make a certificate stating the amount of the capIlbid. ital so fixed and paid in, which certificate shall be signed and sworn to GENIEIRAL INCORPORATION. 69 by the president and a majority of the trustees; and they shall within the said thirty days record the same in the office of the recorder of deeds,of the District. SEC. 564. The capital stock so fixed and limited shall be paid in, one- When capital half within one year, and the other half thereof within two years from must be paid in the incorporation of the company, or such corporation shall be dissolved. in ful. 5 May, 1870, c. 80, s. 4, v. 16, p. 102. SEC. 565. Nothing but money shall be considered as payment of any Money only to be part of the capital stock. payment. Ibid. SEC. 566. Every such company shall annually, within twenty days Annual report of from the first of January, make a report, which shall be published in a company. newspaper in the District, which shall state the amount of capital, and Ibid, p. 104. of the proportion actually paid, and the amount of existing debts; which report shall be signed by the president and a majority of the trustees, and shall be verified by the oath of the president or secretary of the company; and filed in the office of the recorder of deeds of the District. SEC. 567. If any company fails to comply with the provisions of the Liability of lruspreceding section, all the trustees of such company shall be jointly and tees for failure to severally liable for the debts of the company then existing, and for all make report. that shall be contracted before such report shall be made. Ibid. SEC. 568. If any certificate or report made, or public notice given, by Penalty for makthe officers of any company in pursuance of the provisions of this chap- n g false certifiter shall be false in any material representation all the officers who shall have signed the same, knowing it to be false, shall be jointly and Ibid. severally liable for all the debts of the company contracted while they are stockholders or officers thereof. SEC. 569. It shall not be lawful for any company to use any of their Funds not to be invested in stocks funds in the purchase of any stock in any other corporation. of othercompanies. Ibid. SEC. 570. No loan of money shall be made by any company to any Loans to stockstockholder therein; and if any such loan shall be made to a stock- holders prohibited; holder, the officers who shall make it, or who shall assent thereto, shall l iti. be jointly and severally liable to the extent of such loan and interest, Ibid. for all the debts of the company contracted while they are stockholders or officers thereof. SEC. 571. If the trustees of any company shall declare and pay any Liability for undividend the payment of which would render it insolvent, or which would lawful dividends. diminish the amount of its capital stock, they shall be jointly and sev- Ibid. erally liable for all the debts of the company then existing, and for all that shall be hereafter contracted, while they shall respectively remain in office. SEC. 572. If any of the trustees shall object to declaring such divi- Trustees filing dend, or the payment of the same, and shall at any time before the time objectioUsrelieved. fixed for the payment thereof file a certificate of their objection in writing Ibid. with the secretary of the company and with the recorder of deeds of the District, they shall be exempt from the liability prescribed in the preceding section. SEC. 573. If the indebtedness of any company shall at any time ex- When indebtedceed the amount of its capital stock, the trustees of such company as- talss ckeedls capisenting thereto shall be personally and individually liable for such excess to the creditors of the company. Ibid., p. 105. SEC. 574. The stockholders of any company organized under the pro- Personal liabilivisions of this chapter shall jointly, severally, and individually be liable ty for debt. for all debts that may be due and owing to all their laborers, servants, Ibid.,pp..104,105. and apprentices, for services performed for such corporation, and shall be individually liable for all debts of said corporation to the amount of the stock of each stockholder. SEC. 575. No stockholder shall be personally liable for the pay rment Limitation. of any debt contracted by any such company which is not paid within Ibid., p. 106. one year froml the time thle debt becomes ldue, unless a suit ifor thle col 70 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. lection of such debt shall be brought against the company within one year after the debt became due; and no suit shall be brought against any stockholder who shall cease to be a stockholder in any such company, for any debt contracted by the company, unless the same shall be commenced within two years from the time he shall have ceased to be a stockholder, nor until an execution against the company shall have been returned unsatisfied in whole or in part. Executors, &c., SEC. 576. No person holding stock in such company as executor, not personally lia- administrator, guardian, or trustee, shall be personally subject to any bsle. liability as stockholder of such company, but the estate and fuinds in time 5 May, 1870, c. 80, hands of such executor, administrator, guardian, or trustee, shall be s.4, v. 16, p. 104. liable in like manner and to the same extent as the testator or intestate, or the ward or person interested in such trust-firnd would have been if he had been living and competent to act and hold the stock in his ownuname. Representation SEC. 577. Every such executor, administrator, guardian, or trustee, of stock held by shall represent the stock in his hands at all meetings of the company, execItors, &c. and may vote accordingly as a stockholder. Ibid. Stock held as SEC. 578. No person holding stock in such company as collateral collateral. security shall be personally subject to any liability as stockholder of Ibid. such company, but the person pledging such stock shall be considered as holding the same, and, hall be liable as a stockholder accordingly; and every person who shall pledge his stock as collateral security may, nevertheless, represent the same at all meetings, and vote as a stockholder. Stock-book tobe SEC. 579. It shall be the duty of the trustees of every corporation kept. formed under this chapter to cause a book to be kept by the treasurer Ibid., p. 106. or secretary thereof, containing the names of all persons, alphabetically arranged, who are or shall within six years have been stockholders of such company, and showing their place of residence, the number of slares of stock held by them respectively, the time when they became owners of such shares, and the amount of stock actually paid in. To be open to in- SEC. 580. Such book shall, during the usual business-hours of the day spection. on every business-day, be open for inspection of stockholders and credIbid. itors of the company, and their personal representatives, at the office or principal place of business of such compantny in the District where its business operations shall be located, and any stockholder, creditor, or representative shall have a right to make extracts from such books. Transfers n o t SEC. 581. No transfer of stock shall be valid for any purposes whatvali d unless re- soever, except to render the person to whom it shall be trcansferred corded. liable for the debts of the company, according to the provisions of this Ibid. chapter, until it shall have been entered, as required by section five hundred and seventy-nine, by an entry showing to and from whom transferred. Stock-book to be SEC. 582. Such book shall be presumptive evidence of the facts tlherein presumptive evi- stated in favor of the plaintiff in any suit or proceeding against such Idence. company, or against any one or more stockholders. Ibid. Penalty for neg- SEC. 583. Every officer or agent of any company who shall neglect to lect of officers. make any proper entry in such book, or shall refuse or neglect to exIbid. hibit the same, or to allow the same to be inspected and extracts to be taken therefrom, as herein provided, shall be deemed guilty ot a misdemeanor, and the company shall pay to the party injured a penalty of fifty dollars forany suchneglect or refusal, and all damages resulting therefrom. Additional pen- SEC. 584. Every company that shall neglect to keep such book open alty of company. for inspection, as provided in section five hundred and eighty, shall Ibid. forfeit to the United States the sum of fifty dollars for every day it shall so neglect, to be sued for and recovered, in the name of the people, in the supreme court of the District, and when so recovered the amount shall be paid into the treasury of the District, for the use thereof. Comlpanies may SEC. 585. Ally existing corporation heretofbre fbirmed in the District inhreaps tal dimTor an Iy of the lpurposes mentionedl in sectionl five hundred nd fifty-three, or any compa.ny which may be -ormed undllCer this chapter, may incerease Ibid., p. 105. or. dimnlis.ll its ca:pital stock, lby compnlyilng withl thle i'ovitiSiUls. of this GENEIRAL INCORPOIRATION. 71 chapter, to any amount which may be deemed sufficient and proper for the purposes of the corporation, and may also extend its business to other manufacturing, mining, or mechanical businless, subject to the provisions and liabilities of this chapter. SEC. 586. Before any corporation shall be entitled to diminish the When not to be amount of its capital stock, if the amount of its debts and liabilities diminished. shall exceed the amount of capital to which it is proposed to be reduced, 5 May, 1870, c. 80, such amount of debts and liabilities shall be satisfied and reduced so as s. 4, v. 16, p 105. not to exceed such diminished amount of capital. SEC. 587. Any existing company heretofore formed may come under Re-organization and avail itself of the privileges and provisions of this chapter by com- of existing complying with the following provisions, and thereupon such company, its panies. officers and stockholders, shall be subject to all the restrictions, duties, Ibid. and liabilities of this chapter. SEC. 588. Whenever any company shall desire to call a meeting of Meetingofstockthe stockholders for the purpose of availing itself of the privileges of holders. this chapter, or for increasing or diminishing the amount of its capital Ibid. stock, or for extending or changing its business, it shall be the duty of the trustees or directors to publish a notice signed by a majority of them in a newspaper in the District at least three successive weeks, and to deposit a notice thereof in the post-office addressed to each stockholder at his usual place of residence, at least three weeks previous to the day fixed upon for holding such meeting, specifying the object of the meeting and the time and place when and where such meeting shall be held. SEC. 589. If, at any time and place specified in the notice provided Organization of for in the preceding section, stockholders shall appear by proxy or in meeting. person, representing not less than two-thirds of all the shares of stock Ibid. of the corporation, they shall organize and proceed to a vote of those present in person or by proxy. SEC. 590. If, on canvassing the votes, it shall appear that a sufficient Proceedings. number of votes are in favor of increasing or diminishing the amount of capital, or extending or changing the business of the company, or for availing itself of the privileges and provisions of this chapter, a certificate of the proceedings, showing a compliance with the provisions of this chapter, the amount of capital actually paid in, the business to which it is extended or changed, the whole amount of debts and liabilities of the company, and the amount to which the capital stock shall be increased or diminished, shall be made out, signed, and verified by the affidavit of the chairman, and be countersigned by the secretary. SEc. 591. Such certificate shall be acknowledged by the chairman, and When c h a n g e filed as required by section five hundred and fifty-three, and when so filed shall be deemed the capital stock of such corporation shall be increased or diminished made. to the amount specified in the certificate, and the business extended or Ibid. changed accordingly; and the company shall be entitled to the privileges and provisions and be subject to the liabilities of this chapter. SEC. 592. A vote of at least two-thirds of all the shares of the stock What vote sunfiof a company shall be necessary to an increase or diminution of the cient. amount, of its capital stock, or the extension or change of its business, Ibid. or to enable a company to avail itself of the provisions of this chapter. SEC. 593. A copy of any certificate of incorporation filed in pursu- Certified copy of ance of this chapter, certified by the recorder of deeds to be a true certificate t o be copy and of the whole of such certificate, shall be received in all courts evidence. and places as presumptive legal evidence of the facts therein stated. Ibid. CLASS 5. CEuMETERY ASSOCIATIONS. SEC. 594. When five or more persons shall associate thelselves Formation of astogether for the purpose of forming a cemetery association in the sociationl; corpoDistrict, such persons shall have the power to adopt a corporate namet anudl by thlat namrle shall be known as a body corporlte, and by tllhatl Ibid,s. 5, pp. 106. 107. 72 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. name shall have perpetual succession and be invested with all powers, rights, privileges, liabilities, and immunities incident to corporations,. and may have a common seal, and mazy alter or change the same at their pleasure. May acquire SEC. 595. Such persons, so associated, shall have power to acquire land, how. by gift, grant, or purchase any lot or lots of land not exceeding fifty 5 May, 1870, c. so, acres, and lay out the same for a burial-place for the dead, with cons. 5, v. 16, pp. 106, venient aisles, and to sell the same for such purpose and for no other 107. purposes, reserving a sufficient portion thereof for the burial of the stranger anrd indigent. [See ~ s187.] Survey plat and SEc. 596. They shall cause the land designed as a burial-ground to be record. lsurveyed and platted; and a plat of the ground, so surveyed, shall be Ibid. recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds of the District. Each lot shall be duly numbered by the surveyor, and such number shall be marked on the plat and recorded. General powers SEC. 597. Such association shall have power to inclose and ornament of association. their burial-ground, to build and erect a hearse-house and keep the same Ibild. in proper repair; to purchase a hearse or hearses; and to do all other necessary acts to the end that all the appliances, conveniences, and benefit of a public and private cemetery imay be obtained. Proceeds of sale SEC. 598. The proceeds arising from the sale of lots, after deducting of lots. all expenses of purchasing and laying out the same, shall be applied, Ibid. appropriated, and used in improving and ornamenting the burial-ground, or for other purposes named in this chapter. Officers, how SEC. 599. The officers of any such corporation shall be a president, chlosen. a treasurer, who shall act as secretary, and three directors, who shall Ibid. be severally chosen annually by ballot, and shall hold office until their successors are chosen. Any neglect to chlioose officers on the day fixed upon for that purpose shall not operate as a forfeiture of the act of incorporation, in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. First election. SEC. 600. The first election of officers by the persons associating, -Ibid. according to and for the purpose specified in section five hundred and ninety-four shall be at the time and place designated and agreed upon by a majority of the persons so associating themselves together, and no other than such persons shall vote at such election. Subsequent elec- SEC. 601. At each subsequent election of officers of any such corpotion,whomayvote. ration the owner of a lot in said burial-ground shall be entitled to one Ibid. vote in the election of officers of the corporation, andl no more, and shall, by virtue of such membership, be a member of the corporation. By-laws. SEC. 602. Each corporation shall have power to establish and change Ibid. by-laws, and prescribe rules and regulations for its government and the duties of its officers and the management of its property. Exemptions. SEC. 603. The property of any such corporation, its grounds, lots, and Ibid. appliances, shall be exempt from taxation and shall not be liable to sale on execution. DEDICAT'ION OF BURIAL-GROUNDS. Dedication of SEC. 604. Any person desiring to dedicate any lot of land, not 1 i n d for burial- exceeding five acres, as a burial-place for the interment of the dead, -for ground. the use of any society, association, or neighborhood, may, by deed, duly Ibid. executed or recorded, convey such land to the District of Columbia, by the corporate name of said District of Columbia, specifying in such deed the society, association, or neighborhood for the use of which the dedication is desired to be miade, and thereby vest the title to such land in perpetuity for the uses stated in the deed, and such land shall be thereafter exempt from taxes for all purposes whatever. [See ~ 1187.1 CLASS 6. BOARDS OF TRADEo Boardcl, h ow Sy:C.o 605. Any lnumber of persons, not less than twentyg residinlg ill formed. tfhle District, may associate themselves together as a board of traLde, alnC GENERAL INCORPORATION. 73 assemble at any time and place upon which a majority of the members 5 May, 1870, c. 80, so associating may agree, and elect a president and one or more vice- s. 6, v. 16, pp. 107, presidents, as they may see fit, and adopt a name, constitution, and bylaws, such as they may agree upon. SEC. 606. Such persons shall thereupon become a body corporate and Corporate powipolitic in fact and in name, by the name and style, or title, which they ers. may have adopted, and by that name shall have succession, shall be Ibid.,lp. 108. ca.pable in law to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, answer and be answered unto, defend and be defended, in all courts of law and equity, and they and their successors shall have a common seal, and may alter and change the same at their discretion. SEC. 607. Such corporation, by the name and style which shall be May hold real adopted, shall be capable in law of purchasing, holding, and conveying estate; limit. any estate, real or personal, for the use of the corporation not exceeding Ibid. in quantity one city, town, or village lot and building in the District. SEC. 608. The president, vice-president, secretary, and treasurer shall Board of directbe ex-officio members of the board of directors, and, together with the ors. directors elected, shall manage the business of the corporation. Ibid. SEc. 609. All officers shall be elected by a plurality of votes given at Election of offiany election, and a general election of officers shall be held at least cers. once in each year; but in case of any accidental failure or neglect to Ibid. hold such general election, the corporation shall not thereby lapse or terminate, but shall continue and exist, and the old officers shall hold over until the next general election of officers provided for in the constitution adopted. SEC. 610.' The officers shall hold their offices for the time which shall Tenure of office. be prescribed in the constitution adopted by the corporation, and until Ibid. others shall be elected and qualified as prescribed by such constitution. SEC. 611. Such corporation shall have the right to admit as members Rules and regusuch persons as they may see fit, and expel any members as they may lations. see fit; and in all cases a majority of the members present at any stated Ibid. meetings shall have the right to pass, and also the right to repeal, any by-laws of the corporation; and in all cases the constitution and by-laws adopted by the corporation shall be binding upon and control the same until altered, changed, or abrogated in the manner that may be prescribed in such constitution. SEc. 612. Such corporation may inflict fines upon any of its members, Fines. and collect the same, for breach of the provisions of the constitution or Ibid. by-laws; but no fine shall in any case exceed twenty-five dollars. Such fines many be collected by action of debt, brought in the name of the corporation, before any justice of the peace, against the person upon whom the fine shaall have been imposed. SEC. 613. I'he award of any general committee of reference appointed Arbitration. by said corporation upon any matter of difference, submitted to such Ibid. committee for arbitration in writing, with or without seal, by any mlember of the corporation or by any other person, shall have the same force an d effect as if the same had been submitted to the arbitration of the members of said committee of reference, by their individual names by deed of submission. SEC. 614. Any such award may be filed and made a rule of court, and Award. judgment entered theron and execution issued in the same manner and Ibil. under the same rules and regulations that other awards may be entered, under and by virtue of the laws in force in the District. SEC. 615. No submission or arbitration bond shall be required to be Submission-bond filed with such awards; but four days' notice of the filing of such award not required; noshall be given to the opposite party of the party filing the award. tice. Ibid. SEC. 616. A committee of reference, when sitting as arbitrators, shall Power of cornhIave the right to issue subpoenas and com pel the attendance of witnesses rmittee of lreferenc to issue subpinnas. by att;achment, the same as justices of the peace. Ibid. SEC. 617. Such corlporation shall have no power or authority to cdo or Restriction uponI 74 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. carrying on busi- carry on any business excepting such as is usual in management and lness. conduct of boards of trade or chambers of commerce, and as provided 5 May, 1870, c. 80, for in the preceding sections of this chapter. s. 6, v. 16, p. 108. CLASS 7. lRAILROAD COMPANIES. Railroad c o m - SEC. 618. Any number of persons, not less than seven, being subscribpanies; how torm- ers to the stock of any contemplated railroad, may be formed into a corporation for the purpose of constructing, owning, and maintaining such Ibid., sees, 7, 8, railroad, by complying with the following requirements, namely: P. 109. First. Whenever stock to the amount of at least fifty thousand dollars shall have been subscribedcl, and five per cent. upon such subscription shall actually have been paid in, the subscribers to such stock shall elect directors for the company from among their own number, and shall severally subscribe articles of association in which shall be set forthFirst. The name of the corporation; Second. The amount of the capital stock of the company; Third. The number of shares of which said stock shall consist; Fourth. The number of directors to manage the affairs of the cornpany, and their names; Fifth. The point or place from which the proposed railroad is to be constructed, and its length, as near as may be. -Second. Each subscriber to such articles of association shall state his place of residence, and the number of shares taken by him i-n such company. Tlhird. The articles of association shall be filed in the clerk7s office of the recorder of deeds of the District, and be recorded in a book kept for that purpose. Corporate pow- SEC. 619. Upon filing the articles of association in accordance with Ce's 1 __ the provisions of the preceding section, the persons who shall have subIbid., s. 8. scribed the same, and all persons who shall from time to time become stockholders in such company, and their successors, shall be a body politic and corporate, in perpetuity, by the name stated in such articles of association, and shall be capable of suing and being sued, and may have a common seal, and may make and alter the same at pleasure, and shall be capable in law of purchasing, holding, and conveying any real or personal property whatever necessary for the construction of such road, and for the erection of all necessary buildings and yards and appurtenances for the use of the same. Certified copy of SEC. 620. A copy of any articles of association filed in pursuance of articles of associa- section six hundred and eighteen, and certified to be a copy by the refiontlo be primaltciee,.videnlema- corder of deeds, shall, in all courts and places, be prima-facie evidence ibid7. of the incorporation of such company and of the facts stated therein. Subscription- SElC. 621. The directors named in section six hundred and eighteen, boohkstobeopened. shall open books for subscription to the capital stock of the company Ibid.,s. 9, p. 109. at; such times and in such places as a majority of them may direct, thirty days' notice of which shall be given by publication in some daily paper published in the District. Allo t m e n t of SEC. 622. In case a greater amount of stock shall be subscribed than stock. the whole capital stock required by the company, the directors shall distribute the capital stock so subscribed as equally as possible among the subscribers; but no share shall be divided in making such distribution, nor shall a greater number of shares be allotted to any one subscriber than subscribed for by him. Stockholders' an- SEC. 623. There shall be an annual meeting of the stockholders at the nual meeting. office of the comlpany for the election of directors to serve for the ensulbi(l, s. 10, p, 109. ig year, notice of which shall be given lby the dliectors chosen as l)ro vidled in section six hundred and eightee-l for the first annual election, and afterward by their successors in office, which notice shall be publisled not less than twentll days previous thelreto, in a, alnewspaper) publis lcd in thle city of \WVashington. GENEiRAL INCORPORATIO)N. 75 SEC. 624. Three judges of election shall be chosen by the board of Duties of judges directors previous to any such annual meeting, who shall be stockhold- of election. ers, but not directors, at the time of the election, whose duty it shall be 5 May, 1870, c. 80, to receive the votes of the stockholders at such election for directors, s. 10, v. 16, p. 109. and to openly count the votes and declare the result. SEC. 625. The judges of election shall furnish the directors elected at Theircertificate; such meeting of stockholders with a certificate of their election, which its authority. certificate shall be evidence of their authority to act as such directors. Ibid., pp. 109, 110. SEC. 626. There shall be not less than seven nor more than thirteen Directors; numdirectors. No person shall be a director unless he shall be a stockholder ber, qualifications, and qualified to vote for directors at the election at which he shall be and term of office. chosen. The directors shall hold their offices one year, and until others Ibid., p. 110. are elected and qualified. SEC. 627. Directors shall be chosen at the annual meeting of stock- How chosen. holders by ballot, and by a majority of the votes of the stockholders Ibid. present, in person or by proxy; and every such stockholder being so present at any election of directors, shall be entitled to give one vote for every share of stock which he may have owned for ten days next preceding such election; but no stockholder shall vote at any such election upon any stock except such as he shall have owned for ten days. SEC. 628. In case it shall happen at any time that an election of direct- Non-election of ors shall not be made on the day designated by the by-laws of the company directors; h o w when it ought to have been made, the company for that reason shall not remedied. be dissolved if within ninety days thereafter they shall hold an election Ibid., s. 13, p. 110. for directors in such manner as the by-laws of the company shall provide. SEC. 629. Meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time Sto c k holders' during the interval between the annual meetings by the directors, or by special mleetings; how called. the stockholders owning not less than one-fourth of the stock, by giving thirty days' public notice of the time and place of the meeting. Ibid., s. 11, p. 110. SEC. 630. When any such meeting is called by the stockholders, the Proceedings; adparticular object of the meeting shall be stated in the notice, and, if at journment. any meeting thus called a! majority in value of the stockholders are not Ibid. represented in person or by proxy, such meeting shall be adjourned from day to day, not exceeding three days, without transacting any business, and if within such three days stockholders having a majority of the stock do not attend, the meeting shall be dissolved. SEC. 631. The directors shall have power to make by-laws for the By-laws. management and disposition of stock, property, and business affairs of Ibid., s. 15, pp. such company, and prescribing the duties of the officers, artificers, and 110, 111. servants that may be employed, and for the appointment of all the officers for carrying on all the business within the object and purposes of the company. SEc. 632. There shall be a president of the company, who shall be Officers; tho v chosen by and from the directors, and also such subordin;ate officers as chosen. the company by-laws may designate, who may be elected or appointed. Ibid., s. 13, p. 110. and required to give such security for the faithful performance of the duties of their offices as the company by its by-laws may require; but nothing contained in this section shall be so construed as to prevent the stockholders from removing a president in the manner prescribed in the following section. SEC. 633. At all general meetings of the stockholders of any such Removal of prescompany, a majority in value of such stockholders may remove any ident. president or any director, and elect others in their stead; but notice of Ibid., s. 12. such intended removal shall have been given as required in sections six hundred anld twenty-three and six hundred and twenty-eight. SEc. 634. At each regular meeting of the stockholders of any such Annual s t a t e - corporation it shall be the duty of the president and directors, in office meut of affairs. for the preceding year, to exhibit a clear and distinct statement of the Ibid. affalirs of thle company. SEC. 635. At any mleetimg of the stockholders a mlajority of those Ma, y 1e called present, in person or by proxy, may require silnilar statements from the for at any mneeting. dihectors, whose duty, it shall be to Ifurnish them when required. Ibid. 76 -DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Stock, personal SEC. 636. The stock of such company shall be deemed personal estate, estate; how trans- and shall be transferable only on the books of the company; but no f y, errlse70. shares shall be transferable until all previous calls thereon shall have 5 May, 1870, e. 80, been fully paid, or the shares shall have been forfeited for the non-payment of calls thereon. Subscriptions to SEC. 637. It shall be lawful for the directors to call in and demand stock; how called from the stockholders, respectively; any sums of money by them subinf. scribed7 in such payments or installments as the directors shall deem Ibid., s. 14, p. 110. proper, under the penalty of forfeiting the shares of stock subscribed for, and all previous payments made thereon, if payment shall not be made by the stockholder within thirty days after personal demand or notice requiring such payment; but subscriptions shall not be required to be paid except in equal installments of not more than ten per centum per month. Certificate of SEC. 638. The president and a majority of the directors, within'thirty amount of capital days after the payment of the last installment of the capital stock as stock paid up. fixed and limited by the company, shall make a certificate stating the Ibid., s. 17. amount of capital stock so fixed and paid in, which certificate shall be signed by the president and a majority of the directors, and sworn to by the president and secretary; and they shall, within the said thirty days, file and record the same in the office of the recorder of deeds of the District. Increase of capi- SEC. 639. The capital stock of such companies may be increased from talstock. time to time, if necessary, in the manner provided in the following Ibid., s.7, p. 109. section, to a sum equal to the cost of constructing the road, together with the right of way and motive-power, and all the appurtenances and expenses necessary for the complete running of the road. Increase; how SEC. 640. Such increase may be made only by filing in the office of made. the recorder of deeds a certificate stating the amount of the desired. Ibid., s. 35, p. 115. increase, and the reasons or necessity for the same, signed by the president and a majority of the directors, and attested by the secretary and seal of such company. Limit to the SEC. 641. In no case shall the capital stock of any such company be amount ofincrease. increased to a greater amount than the actual cost of building and Ibid. equipping the road. Suits for install- SEC. 642. It shall be lawful for all companies formed and incorporated mer.ts of subscrip- under the provisions of this chapter to sue for and collect any installtion. ment or subscription to stock due to said companies in like manner as Ibid., s. 38, p. 116. other debts are now collected. General powers, SEC. 643. Every such corporation shall possess the general powers liabilities, and re- and be subject to the liabilities and restrictions in the special powers strictions of corpo- following, that is to say: ration. Ibid., s. 19, pp. 111, 112. Surveys and en- First. To cause such examination and survey for the proposed railroad try. to be made as may be necessary to the selection of the most advantageous route for the railroad; and for such purpose, by their officers, agents, and servants, to enter upon the lands or waters of any perResponsibility. son, but, subject to responsibility for all damages which they shall do thereto. Grants and do- Second. To receive, hold, and take such voluntary grants and donaons. tions of real estate, and other personal property, as shall be made to it, to aid in the construction, maintenance, and accommodation of such How to be used. railroad; but the real estate thus received by voluntary grants shall be held and used for the purposes of such grants only. Purchase, &c., of Third. To purchase, ald by voluntary grants and donations receive real estate. and take, and by its officers, engineers, and surveyors and agents, enter upon, and take possession of, and hold and use all such lands and real estate and other property as may be necessary for the construction and lmaintenance of its railroad and stations, depots, and other accommodations necessary to accomplish the objects for which the corporation was Compensation. created; but Ilnot until the compensation to be made therefor, as agreed upon by tle partlies, or a;scertained as prescribed in l;his chapter, shall GE~NERAL INC~ORJPORATION. 77 have been paid to the owner or owners thereof, or deposited as hereinafter directed, unless the consent of such owner be given to enter into possession. Fourth. To lay out its road, not exceeding six rods wide, and to con- Laying out and struct the same; and for the purpose of cuttings, embankments, and constructing road. procuring stone and gravel, may take as much more land within the Taking materilimits of its charter, in the manner hereafter provided, as may be neces- alse sary for the proper construction and security of the road. Fifth. To construct its road upon any street, or across any stream of Restoration of water, water-course, road, highway. railroad, or canal, so as not to inter- roads over streets, fere with the free use of the same, which the route of its road shall inter- ate courses, &c. sect, in such manner as to afford security for life and property, but the corporation shall restore the stream or water-course, road or highway, Constructiourses and o thus intersected, to its former state, or in a sufficient manner not to have highways. unnecessarily impaired its usefulness or injured its franchises. Sixth. To cross, intersect, join, and unite with any other railroad Intersecting with before constructed on any point on its route, and upon the grounds of other roads. such other railroad company, with the necessary. turn-outs, sidings, switches, and other conveniences, in furtherance of the objects of its connections; and every company whose railroad is or shall be hereafter intersected by any new railroad, shall unite with the owners of such new Roads to unite. railroad in forming such intersections and connections, and grant the facililtes aforesaid; and if the two corporations cannot agree upon the amount of compensation to be made therefor, or the points or manner corporations canof such crossings and connections, the same shall be ascertained or not agree. determined by commissioners, to be appointed as is provided in this chapter in respect to taking of lands; but this section is not to affect the rights or franchises heretofore granted. Seventh. To purchase lands necessary for the use of the road or take them; and may change the line of its road whenever a majority of the directors shall so determine, as provided in this chapter; but no such Change of route. change shall vary the general route of the road. Eighth. To take, transport, carry, and convey persons and property Motive-power. on its railroad by the force or power of steam, of animals, or any mechanical power, or by any combination of them, and to receive compensation therefor. Ninth. To erect and maintain all necessary and convenient buildings, Buildings, s t a - stations, depots, and fixtures, and machinery for the accommodation and tions, &c. use of its passengers, freight, and business, and obtain and hold the lands therefor. Tenth. To regulate the time and manner in which passengers and Fares and freights. property shall be transported, and the tolls and compensation to be paid therefor. SEC. 644. Every such company, before constructing a part of its road, Map and profile shall make a map and profile of the route intended to be adopted, which of road. shall be certified by a majority of the directors, and filed in the office of 5 May, 1870, c. the recorder of deeds of the District, for the inspection and examination 8o, s. 18, v. 16, p. of all parties interested. 111. SECr.(645. If at any time after the location of the track of such road, Alterationof line. in whole or in part, and the filing of the map thereof, it shall appear to Ibid., E.2, 114 the directors of the company that the line thereof may be improved, such directors mlay, from time to timne, alter the line, and cause a new map to be filed in the recorder's office, and may thereupon take possession of the lands embraced in such new location that may be required for the construction and maintenance of the road on such new line, either by agreement with the owner or by such proceedings as are authorized under the provisions of this chapter, and use the same in place of the line for which the new is substituted. SEC. 646. Whenever the track of such railroad shall cross a road or Tracks crossing highlway such road or highway may be carried under or over the track, highways. as may be most expedient; and in all cases where an embankment Ibid.,s.27, p. 114. or cutting shall mnake a change in the line of such road or highway 78 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. desirable, with a view to a more easy ascent or descent, the company may take additional lands for the construction of such road or highway, or such new line as may be deemed requisite by the directors. Compens a t i o n SEC. 647. Unless the lands so taken shall be purchased or voluntarily for lanld. given for the purposes mentioned in the preceding section, compensa5 May, 1870, c. 80, tion therefor shall be ascertained in the manner provided in this chaps. 27, v. 16, p. 114. ter as nearly as may be, and duly made by such corporation to the owners and persons interested in such lands, and the same, when so taken and compensation made, to become part of such intersecting road or highway, in such manner and by such terms as the adjacent parts of such highway may be held for highway purposes. Right to acquire SEC. 648. In case any company formed under this chapter is unable title to lands. to agree for the purchase of anlly real estate required for the construction Ibid.,s.21, p. 112. of the track, turn-outs, and water-stations, it shall have the right to acquire the title to the same in the manner and by the special proceedings prescribed in this chapter. Appropriation of SEC. 649. Such company is authorized to enter upon any land for the lands. purpose of examining and surveying its railroad-line, and may approIbid., s. 21, pp. priate so much thereof as may be deemed necessary for its railroad, 112,113. including necessary side tracks and water-stations, materials for constructing, except timber, a right of way over adjacent lands sufficient to enable such company to construct and repair its road, and a right to conduct water by aqueducts, and the right of making proper drains. Description to be SEC. 650. The corporation shall forthwith deposit with the clerk of d lp osfitoed with the supreme court of the District a description of the rights and interests intended to be appropriated, and such land, rights, and interests Ibid. shall belong to such company, to use for the purpose specified, by making or tendering payment as hereinafter provided. Purchase of lands- SEC. 651. The corporation may, by its directors, purchase any such fro 1 o w ner or lands, materials, right of way, or interest of the owner of such lands; or in case the same is owned by a person insane, or an infant, at a price to Ibid. be agreed upon by the regularly-constituted guardian or parent of said insane person or infant, if the same shall be appraised by the court, and on such agreement and approval, the owner, guardian, or parent, as the case may be, shall convey the premises, so purchased, in fee-simple or otherwise, as the parties may agree, to such railroad company; and the deed, when made, shall be deemed valid in law. Proceedings in SEC. 652. If the corporation shall not agree with the owner of the cases of appropria- land, or with his guardian if the owner is incapable of contracting, touching the damages sustained by such appropriation, the corporation Ibid. shall deliver to such owner or guardian a copy of the instrument of appropriation. Notice by adver- S3EC. 653. If the owner, or his guardian in case such owner is incapatiserent, when. ble of contracting, be unknown, the corporation shall publish in some Ibid. newspaper in the District, to be designated by the court, for the term of six weeks, an advertisement reciting the substance of such instrument of ap)propriation. Appointment of SEC. 654. Upon fixing such act of appropriation and delivering such appraisers. copy, or making such publication, the supreme court for the District, Ibid. upon the application of either party, shall appoint by warrant three disinterested freeholders of the neighborhood on which the land lies, to appraise the damages which the owner of the land may sustain by such appropriation. A 8 ssessment of SEC. 655. The appraisers shall be duly sworn, and they shall consider damages. the injury which such owner may sustain by reason of such railroad, Ibid. and shall forthwith return their assessment of damages to the clerk of the court, setting forth the value of the property taken, or injury done to the property, which they assess to the owner, or owners separately, to be by him filed andl recorded. Payment or ten- SEC. 656. The corporation shall pay to said clerk the amount thus der. assessed, or tender the same to the party in whose favor the damcages Ibid. are awvarcled or assessed, and on making payment or tender thereof, ill GENERAL INCORPORATION. 79 the manner herein required, it shall be lawftul for such corporation to hold the interests in such lands or materials on said roadway within fifty feet on each side of the center of such roadway, for the uses aforesaid. SEC. 657. The cost of the award shall be paid by such company; and Cost of award. on notice by any party interested and showing said proceedings, the 5 May, 1870, c. court may order the payment thereof and eniorce such payment by 80, s. 21, v. 16, pp. execution. 112,113. SEC. 658. The award of' the arbitrators may be reviewed by the court, Review on appeal. in which such proceedings may be had, on written exceptions filed by Ibid. either party, in the clerk's office, within ten days after the filing of such award, and the court shall take such order therein as right and justice may require, by ordering a new appraisement, on good cause shown. SEC. 659. Notwithstanding such appeal, the company may take pos- Company m ay session of the property described as afoiresaid, and the subsequent pro- take possession, ceedings on the appeal shall only affect the amount of compensation to when. -be allowed, if prior to the assessment the corporation shall tender to Ibid. such owner or guardian, and in case of refusal to receive the same shall pay into court, if he be unable to contract, an amount equal to the award afterward made, exclusive of costs. SEC. 660. The costs of arbitration shall be paid equally by such com- Costs of arbitrapany and such owner or guardian. tion. Ibid. SEC. 661. If there are any adverse or conflicting claimants to the Money to be paid money, or any part of it, to be paid as compensation for the real estate into court; when. taken, the court may direct the moneyto be paid into court by the corn- Ibid., s.22, p. 113. pany until it can determine who is entitled to the same. and shall direct to whom the same shall be paid, and may, in its discretion, order a reference to ascertain the facts in which such determination and order are to be made. SEC. 662. The court shall appoint some competent attorney to appear Court to protect for and protect the rights of any party in interest who is unknown or rights of parties in whose residence is unknown, and who has not appeared in the proceed- interest, &C. ings by an attorney or agent; the court shall also have power, at any Ibid.,s. 23. time, to amend any defect or informality in any of the special proceedings authorized by this chapter as may be necessary, or to cause new parties to be added? and to direct such further notice to be given to any party in interest as it deems proper, and also to appoint other commissioners in the place of any who shall die, or refuse, or neglect, or are unable to serve, or who may leave or be absent from the District. SEC. 663. At any time after-an attempt to acquire title by appraisal Defective title; of damages, or otherwise, if it shall be found that the title thereby how may be perattempted to be acquired is defective, the company may proceed anew fected to acquire or perfect the same in the same manner as if no appraisal Ibid., s. 24. had been made; and at any stage of such new proceedings the court may authorize the corporation, if in possession, to continue in possession, to take possession of, and use such real estate during the pendency and until the final conclusion of such new proceedings, and may stay all actions and proceedings against the company, or any officer or agent or workmen of such company, on account thereof, on such company paying into court a sufficient sum, as the court may direct, to pay the compensation therefor, when finally ascertained; and in every such case the party interested in real estate may conduct the proceedings to a conclusion, if the company delays or omits to prosecute the same. SEC. 664. Such company may, from time to time, borrow such sums Power to borrow of money as they may deem necessary for completing or operating their money and issue railroad, and issue and dispose of' their bonds for any amounts so borrowed, for such sums and at such rates of interest as may be agreed Ibid., s. 25, p. 114. upon, and mortgage their corporate property and franchises to secure the paymlent of any debt contracted by the company; and the directors of the company may confer on any holder of any bond issued for money so borrowed the right to convert the principal cdue or owing thereon into 80 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. stock of the company, at any time not exceeding fifteen years from the date of such bond, under such regulations as the company may adopt; and the company may sell their bonds whenever they may deem proper, and such sales shall be as valid as if such bonds should be sold at par value. But such corporation shall not have power to issue any bonds or to execute any mortgages upon its property or franchises until at least one-half of the capital stock shall have been fully paid. Annual report. SEC. 665. Every such corporation shall make an annual report to the 5 May, 1870, c clerk of the supreme court of the District of the operations of the year 80, S. 29, v. 16, pp. ending on the first day of January, which report shall be verified by the 114, 115. oath of the treasurer and acting superintendent of operations, and filed in his office by the tenth day of January of each year, and shall stateFirst. The capital stock and the amount actually paid in. Second. The amount expended for the purchase of lands, for the construction of the road, for buildings, and for engines and cars respectively. Third. The amount and nature of its indebtedness, and the amounts due the corporation. Fourth. The amount received for the transportation of passengers, of property, of mails, and from other sources. Fifth. The amount of freight, specifying the quantity, in tons, of the products of the forest, of animals, of vegetables, food, other agricultural products, manufactures, merchandise, and other articles. Sixth. The amount paid for repairs, engines, cars, buildings, and salaries. Seventh. The number and amount of dividends, and when paid. Eighth. The number of engine-houses and shops, of engines and cars, and their character. Carrying the SEC. 666. Any such corporation shall, when applied to by the Pastmails. master-General, convey the mails of the United States on their road; Ibid., s. 30. and in case such corporation shall not agree to the rates of transportation thereof, and as to time, rate of speed, manner, and condition of carrying the same, the said supreme court may appoint three commissioners, who shall fix and determine the same. M a k i ng u p SEC. 667. In forming a passenger train, baggage, or freight, or mertrains. chandise, or lumber cars shall not be placed in rear of passenger cars; Ibid., s. 34. and if any of them shall be so placed, and any accident shall happen to life or limb, the officer or agent who so directed or knowingly suffered such arrangement, and the conductor or engineer of the train, shall each and all be held guilty of intentionally causing the injury, and be punished accordingly. Accommodation SEC. 668. Every such corporation shall start and run their cars for of the public. the transportation of persons or property at regular times, to be fixed Ibid.,s. 323 by public notice, and shall furnish sufficient accommodation for the transportation of all such passengers and property as shall within a reasonable time previous thereto ofter, or be offered, for transportation at the place of starting; and the junction of other railroads, and at siding and stopping places established for receiving and discharging way passengers and freight, and shall take, transport, and discharge such passengers and property at, from, and to such places, on the due payment of tolls, freight, or fare therefor. Penalty fo r re- SEC. 669. In case of the refusal by such corporation or their agents to fusal. take and transport any passenger or property, as provided in the preIbid., s. 33. ceding sections or to deliver the same at the regularly appointed place, such corporation shall pay to the party aggrieved all damages which shall be sustained thereby, with costs of suit. Passenger refus- SEC. 670. If any passenger shall refuse to pay his fare or toll, the coning to pay fare. ductor of the train may put him out of the cars at any usual stoppingIbid., s. 31. place. Employ6s to SEC. 671. Every conductor, baggage-master, engineer, brakenman, or wear badge. other employ6 of any such railroad corporation, employed on a passenIbid., s. 28. ger-train, or at stations for passengers, shall wear upon his hat or capl- a, LANDLORD AND TENANT. 81 badge which shall indicate his office, and the initial letters of the style of the corporation by which he is employed. SEC. 672. No collector or conductor without such badge shall demand, Not to exercise or be entitled to receive, from any passenger any fare, toll, or ticket, or authority without exercise any of the powers of his office; and no other of said officers or badge. employds without such badge shall have any authority to meddle or 5 May, 1870, e. 80, interfere with any passenger or property. s. 28, v. 16, p. 114. SEC. 673. No railroad shall be built under the provisions of this chap- Route and termiter until the route and termini of such road shall have been approved ni of road to be apand sanctioned by Congress. proved by Congress. Ibid., s. 36. SEC. 674. Congress may make all needful rules and regulations for Regulation by the operation and management of such railroads, and may regulate the Congress of mlana.gement and rates rates of fare and freight upon all such roads. of fare and freight. Ibid., pp. 115,116. SEC. 675. Nothing contained in this chapter shall be so construed as Construction of to authorize any corporation organized under the same to construct or chapter. 0own any railroad outside of the District of Columbia, nor to limit the Ibid., ss. 36, 38. right of the District authorities to regulate the running of'trains, or to establish the grade upon which such roads shall be butilt within the cities of Washington and Georgetown. SEc. 676. Congress may, at any time, alter, amend, or repeal this Repeal by Conchapter, saving and preserving all rights which may become vested gress. under the same, and may amend or repeal any incorporation formed or Ibid., s. 37. created under this chapter; but any such amendment or repeal shall not, nor shall the dissolution of any company formed under this chapter, take away or impair any remedy given against any such corporation, its stockholders, or officers, for any liability which shall have been previously incurred. CHAPTER NINETEEN. LANDLORD AN1D TENANT. See. Sec. 677. Power of personal seizure abolished. 685. Service of summons. 678. Landlord to have tacit lien. 686. Trial and judgment. 679. How tacit lien may be enforced. 687. When defendant pleads title; pro680. Tenancy at will and by sufferance. ceedings. 681. HowI determined. 688. Appeals, and how tried. 682. Provisions not applicable to prior 689. Appeal by defendant; additional contracts. bond. 683. Attomrnent. 690. If jury find for complainant, dam684. In case of forcible entry or detainer; ages. complaint and summons. 691. Fees of justice and officer. SEC. 677. The power claimed and exercised as of common right by Power of personevery landlord, of seizing, by his own authority, the personal chattels al seizure abolof his tenant for rent arrear, is abolished. ished. 22 Feb~, 1867, c. 64, s. 12, v. 14, p. 404. SEC. 678. The landlord shall have a tacit lien upon such of the tenant's Landlordto have personal chattels, on the premises, as are subject to execution for debt, tacit lie-l. to commence with the tenancy and continue for three months after Ibid. the rent is due, and until the terminiation of any action for such rent Webb vs. Sharp, brought within the said three months. 13 Wall., 14; Fowler vs. Rapley, 15 Wall., 328; White vs. Freedman's Bank,~ Wash. Law Rep., No. 47, p. 317. SEC. 679. This lien may be enforced: How tacit lien First. By attachment, to be issued upon affidavit that the rent is cdue may be3 enforced. and unpaid; or, if not cldue, that the defendant is about to remove or 22Feb.,1867, c.64, sell all or some part of said chattels; or, s. 12, v. 14, p. 404, Second. By jludgment against the tenanlt and execution, to be levied 1 S HI 6 82 3DISTRICT OF COLUMBlIA. on said chattels or any of them, in whosesoever hands they may be found; or, Third. By action against any purchaser of any said chattels, with notice of the lien, in which action the plaintiff may have judgment for the value of the chattels purchased by the defendant, but not exceeding the rent, arrear, and damages. [see ~ 782,sos,] Tenancy at will SEC. 680. A tenancy at will shall not arise or be created without an and by sufferance. express contract or letting to that effect, and all occupation, possession, 4 July, 1864, c. or holding of any messuage or real estate without express contract or 243, s. 1, v. 13, p. lease, or by such contract or lease the terms of which have expired, 383. shall be deemed and held to be tenancies by sufferance. How determined. SEC. 681. All estates at will and sufferance may be determined by a Ibid. lnotice, in writingy, to quit, of thirty days, delivered to the tenant in hand, or to some person of' proper age upon the premises, or, in the absence of such tenant or person, then such notice may be served by affixing the same to a conspicuous part of the premises, where it ma~y be conveniently read. Provisions not SEC. 682. The provisions of the two preceding sections shall not apappicale to prior ply to contracts made, or to any tenancy existing prior to July fourth, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, except in cases of waste or refusal Ibid. to pay rent. Attornrnent. SEC. 683. The attorement of a tenant to a stranger shall be void, and Ibid. shall not affect the rights of the landlord, unless it be made with the consent, express or implied, of the landlord. In case of forci- SEC. 684. When forcible entry is made, or when a peaceable entry is ble entry or de- m talner; complaint made and the possession unlawfully held by force, or when possession and summons. is held without right, after the estate is determined by the terms of the lease by its own limiitation, or by notice to quit, or otherwise, on written Ibid., s.2, pp. 383, complaint on oath of the person entitled to the premises, to a justice of the peace, charging such iorcible entry or detainer of real estate, a summons may be issued to a proper officer, commanding the person coinplained of to appear and show cause why judgment should not be rendered against him. Service of sum- SEC. 685. The summons shall be served like other writs of summons mnos. at least seven days before the appearance of the party complained of. Ibid. Trial and judg- SEC. 686. If it appears by default or -upon trial that the complainant ment. is entitled to the possession of the premises, he shall have judlgment Ibid. and execution for the possession and costs; if the complainant becomes nonsuit, and fails to prove his right to possession, the defendant shall have judgment and execution for his costs. When defendant SEC. 687. If, upon trial, defendant pleads title to the premises in himpleads title; pIo- self, or in another person under whom he claims the premises, he shall ceefings. recognize in a reasonable strum to the complainant, to be fixed by said Ibid., s. 3, p. 384. justice, with sufficient sureties, conditioned to pay all intervening damnages and costs and reasonable intervening rent for the premises; and the complainant shall in like manner recognize to the defendant conditioned to enter the suit at the next term of the supreme court of the District, and pay all costs adjudged against him;n and thereupon the proceedings shall be certified to said court by the justice. If either party neglects so to recognize, judgment shall be rendered against him as on nonsuit or default, and execution shall issue accordingly. Appeals and how SEC. 688. Either party against which judgmlent is rendered by a justriedt. tice of the peace, may appeal from such judgment to the supreme court Ibid., sec, 4. of the District, in the same manner as appeals are taken to the court in other cases, and such appeals shall be tried in the same manner, and further proceedings had therein, according to the practice in appeals in other cases. Appeal b y de- SEC. 689. In case of an alpeal by a defendant, he shall, in addition fendan lt; a d d i- to the bail recquired in other cases, recognize in a reasonRable sum to the toenal bond. -complainant, to be fixed by the justice, with sufficient sureties, condilbid. MECHANICS' LIENS. 83 tioned to pay all intervening damages to the leased property resulting from waste and intervening rent for the premises. Sau. 690. On the trial of the suit in the supreme court of the District, If jury find for if the jury find for complainant, they shall assess the damages and inter- c o m p 1 a i n a n t, vening rent; and in case of default the same shall be assessed by the court. damages. 4 July, 1864, c. 243, s. 5, V. 13, p. 384. SEC. 691. The fees of the justice issuing the process, and hearing the Fees of justice issue, and making up the record, and certifying the same, and of the and officer. officer for serving the process, shall be those allowed in civil causes. Ibid. CHAPTER TWENTY. MIECCHANICS' LIENS. Sec. Sec. 69'2. Who may have lien. 704. When in Washington or Georgetown. 693. Notice to be filed. 705. Who may join in action. 694. Lien lost if no notice. 706. Consolidation of actions. 695. Notice to be recorded. 707. Satisfaction to be entered, when; 696. When liens expire, unless action forfeiture. brought. 708. How lien may be discharged. 697. Complaint and prayer of plaintiff. 709. When owner held responsible for 698. Service of summons. claims against contractor, &c. 699. Notice to purchaser. 710. Amount recovered may be set off. 700. Proceedings in action. 711. Liens upon personal property. 701. Priority of liens. 712. Special agreements. 702. Pro-rata payments. 703. Extent of lien outside of Washingtoll and Georgetown. SEC. 692. Any person who, by virtue of any contract with the owner Who may have of any building, or with the agent of such owner, performs any labor lien. npon, or furnishes any materials, engine, or machinery, for the con- 2 Feb., 1859, c. struction or repair of such building, shall, upon filing the notice pre- 17, S. 1, v. 11. p. scribed in the following section, have a lien upon such building and 376. the lot of ground upon which the same is situated for such labor done or materials, engine, or machinery furnished, when the amount exceeds twenty dollars. SEC. 693. Any person wishing to avail himself of the provisions of Notice to befiled, this chapter, whether his claim be due or not, shall file in the office of Ibid. 2 the clerk of the supreme court of the District, at any time after the commencement of the building and within three months after the completion of such building or repairs, a notice of his intention to hold a lien upon the property declared by this chapter liable to such lien, for the amlount due or to become due to him, specifically setting forth the amount claimed. SEC. 694. Upon failure to file the notice as prescribed in the preceding Lien lost if nosection, the lien shall be lost. Ibe not filed. Ibid. SEC. 695. The clerk of the supreme court shall file and record, in a Notices to be rebook provided for that purpose, all notices filed in accordance with corded. section six hundred and ninety-three. Ibid. SEC. 696. The lien shall cease to exist at the expiration of one year When liens exafter the completion of the building or repairs, unless, before that time, pire unless action an action to enforce the same shall have been commenced in the supreme brought. court of the District by the person having such lien against the owner Ibid., s. 3, p, 377. with whom or with whose agent the contract was made, unless such clhuim be not due at the expiration of one year after such coimpletion, in which case the action shall be commenced within three months after the same shall have become due. [see ~ sos.] SEC. 697. The complaint of the plaintiff shall contain a brief state- Complaint and ment of the contract on which the claim is founded, the amount due prayer of plainltiff. thereon, the timle when the notice was filed with the clerk, the time Ibid,, s. 4, when the building was completed, if it be completed, with a descriptionl 84 DiSTRICT OF COLUMBI[A of the premises. and anv other material facts, and shall pray that the premises may be sold and the proceeds of the sale applied to the discharge of the lien. Service of sum- SEC. 698. 6 The summons shall be served as in other cases, or, instead mons. of service by publication, it may be made by delivering a copy thereof to 2 Feb., 1859, c. the person in possession of the premises. 17, s.5, v. 11, p. 377. Notice to pur- SEC. 699. If the defendant shall have sold or disposed of the premises chlaser. before the service of the summons, the court shall direct notice of the Ibid. proceedings to be served or, the purchaser, or his agent for the premises, who may thereupon, if he desire it, be made a party defendant in the action. Proceedings in SECc. 700. The proceedings in an action to enforce such lien shall be actionl. the same as in other actions, except as otherwise provided in this chapIbid., s.. 6 ter; and if judgment be rendered for the pla,intift; he may have execution issued against the premises, and thereupon the marshal shall proceed as upon executions upon real property. [see~ 80So] Priority of liens. SEC. 701. The liens created in pursuance of the provisions of this lbid., s. 7. chapter shall have precedence over all other liens or incumlbrances which attached upon the premises subsequent to the time at which the notice was given. Pro-rat a pay- SEC. 702. If, upon a sale of the premises on execution, the proceeds minents. be insufficient to pay all such liens, the court shall order them to be paid Ibid. in proportion to the amount, respectively, due to each, and any other property of the defendant not exempt from execution may be sold to satisfy such execution. Extent of lien SEC. 703. If the building be on any land lying outside the cities of outside.of Wash- Washington and Georgetown, the land' upon which the same is erected, igtown Gg together with the space around the same, not exceeding vfie hundred square feet clear of the building, shall also be subject to the lien, if the Ibid., s. 8. land at the time of the erection or repair of the building shall have been the property of the person contracting for the erection or repair of the same. iWghen in Wash- SEC. 704. If the building be in the cities of Washington or Georgegton o George- town, the ground on which the same is erected, and a space of ground equal to the front of the building, and extending to the, depth of the Ilbid. lot or lots on which it is erected, shall also be bound by the said lien, subject to the condition mentioned in the preceding section. Who may join SnE,. 705. Any number of persons, having liens on the same building, in action. pursuant to the provisions of this chlapter,' may join in one action, but Ibid., s. 9. their claims shall be stated distinctly as in a separate action, and the judgment shall show the amounts to which. they are respectively entitled. Consolidation of SEC. 706. If several such actions be brought by different claimants, and be pending at the same time, the court may order them to be conIbid. solidated. Satisfaction to SEC. 707. Whenever any person having a lien, by virtue of the probe entered, when; visions of this cha pter, shall have received satisfaction for his claim, and forfeiture. the cost of his proceedings thereon, he shall, upon the request of any Ibid., s. 10, pp. person interested, and upon the payment or tender of the costs of enter377, 378. ing satisfaction, within six days after such payment or tender, enter satisfhction of his demand in the office of the clerk; and upon failure to do so he shall forfeit and pay fifty dollars to the party aggrieved, and all damages which he may have sustained in consequence of such failure or neglect. Ieow lien may be SEC. 708. In all proceedings commenced underr this chapter the defenddisclharged, ant may file a written undertaking, with surety, to be approved by the Ibid., s. 11, p. court, to the effect that he will pay the judgment that may be recovered, 378. and costs, and thereby release his property from the lien hereby created. AVlaen owner SEC. 709. Any sub-contrator, journeylmn, or laborer employed il clims ai tsponsibler the constructi6on or repair of any building, or in furnishing any mtaterials tl'actor, &gC. or machinlery or the same, may give, at any tilme, the owner thereof 6 Maly, 1870, c. notice in uwriting' particularly setting forth the amount of his claimn and INTEREST AND USURY. 85 the service rendered, for which his employer is indebted to him, and 89, s. 1, v. 16, r. that he holds the owner responsible, and the owner of the building shall 1190 be liable for the claim, but not to exceed the amount due from him to the employer at the time of notice, or subsequently, which may be re. covered in an action. SEC. 710. Whenever any sub-contractor, journeyman, or laborer shall Amount recovrecover any such claim from the owner of the building, the same may be ered may be a setset off by the owner in any action brought against himl by the person off. who otherwise would be entitled to recover the same under the contract. Ibid., s. 2. LIENS UPON PERSONAL PROPERTY FOR WORK DONE. SEc. 711. Any person, having piossession of the same, who shall makle, Liens upon peralter, repair, or bestow any labor on any article of personal property, at sonal property. the request of the owner or lawful possessor thereof, shall have a lieu 2 Feb., 1859, c. on such property so made, altered, or repaired, or upon which labor has 17, s. 12, v. 11, p. been bestowed, for his just and reasonable charges for the labor he has 378. p)erformned and the materials he has furnished; and such person may hold and retain possession of the same until such just and reasonable charges shall be paid; but if possession pass from such person by his consent, the lien shall cease. SEC. 712. The provisions of the preceding section shall not interfere Special a gre ewith any special'agreement of the parties. ments. Ibid.; s. 13. CI-IAPTER TWENTY-ONE INTEREST AND USURY. Sec. Sec. 713. Rate of interest allowed. 716. Recovery, when interest unlawfully 714. Special contracts; limit. taken. 715. Unlawful contracts; forfeiture. 717. Banking laws not changed. SEC. 713. The rate of interest upon judgments or decrees, and upon R[ate of interest the loan or forbearance of any money, goods, or things in action, shall allowed. continue to be six dollars upon one hundred dollars for one year, and 22 April, 1870, c. after that, rate for a greater or less sum, or for a longer or shorter time, 59,. 1, v. 16, p. 91. except as provided in this chapter. UnIted States vs. C. C., 385; Burr vs. Burch, 5 Cranch, C. C., 506; Bradley vs. McKee, 5 Cranch, C. C., 298; Bank of MIetropolis vs. Moore, 5 Cranch, C. C., 518; Hill vs. Scott, 5 Crancb, C. C., 523. SEC. 714. In all contracts made it shall be lawful for the parties to l? ecial constipulate or agree in writing that the rate of ten per centm per annum, tracts; limit. or any less sumn, of interest shall be taken and paid upon every one hun- 22 April, 1870, c. dred dollars of money loaned, or in any manner due and owingo from. 59, s.2, v. 16, p. 91. any' person or corporation in the District. SEC. 715. If any person or corporation shall contract to receive a Unlawful cOllgreater rate of interest than ten per cent. upon any contract! in writing, tracts; forfeiture.. or six per cent. upon any verbal contract, such p]ersonl or corporation shall Ibid., s. 3. forfeit the whole of the interest, so contracted to be received, and shall be entitled only to recover the principal sum due to such person or corporation. SEC. 716. If any person or corporation within the District shall directly Recovery, when or indirectly take or receive any greater amount of interest than is pro- interest u 1 a wvided for in this chapter, upon any contract or agreement whatever, it fully taken shall be lawful for the person, or his personal representative, or the cor- Ibid., s. 4. poration aying the same, to sue for and recover all the interest paid upon Riddle vs. Manpo~~~~~ratlV~~io-Yn pay'~ ing~~ ~deville, 1I Cranch, any such contract or agreement from the person or his personal repre- C. C., 95; Oliver vs. sentatives, or from the corporation receiving such unlawful interest; but Decatur, 4 Cranch, the suit to recover back such interest shall be brought within one year C. C., 461. after such unlawful interest shall have been paid or talkenl. SEC. 717.:Nothing in this chapter shall be coustruecd to chanige the Banking 1 a w s general laws in force ill relation to bankling associations organized under ot changed. the provisiolns of Title LXII, of the Revised Statutes, NATIONAL 22 April, 1870, c. BANKS." [See I. 5..S., ~ 19 5197,] 59, s.5, v. 16, p. 91. 86 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO. 1MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE. Sec. See. 718. Who may be licensed to perform mar- 735. Notice by publication, when. riage ceremony. 736. When causes shall be be heard. 719. Licenses; by whom issued. 737. No judgment without proof. 720. Form of license. 738. Divorce from bond of marriage; 721. Rlecord of lincenses. causes. 722. Ministel's certificate; form. 739. Divorde from bed and board; causes. 723. Copy of record to be evidence. 740. When causes occur out of District. 724. Certain persons to be deemed husband 741. Dissolution of marriage on account of and -wife. a former marriage. 725. Their children legitimate. 742. Legitimacy of issue. 726. Childlren of those who have ceased to 743. Dissolution on account of lunacy; lecolhabit. gitimacy of issue. 727. Rilght of marrlied women to property 744. Legitimacy, how othorwiso. affected absolute. and determined. 728. Full power of disposal. 745. Alimony and right of dower. 7 29. Rlight to contract, sue, and be suted. 746. Alimony pending petition. 730. Husband not liable, when. 747. Custody and maintenance of chil731. Applications fbr divorce. d(rn. 732. Proceedicngs; general rule. 748. When maiden name may be rest;ored. 733. What petitionlmust specify. 749. Adultery of wife after divorce from 734. Sumions to respondent. bed and board. IMARRIAGES. Who may b SEC. 718. For the purpose of preserving the evidence of marriages licensed toperform in the District, every minister of the gospel, appointed or ordained marriage core- according to the rites and ceremonies of his church, whether his residence be in the District or elsewhere in the United States or its Terri1 June, 1870, c. tories, may be licensed to celebrate marriages in the District. 115, s. 4, v. 16, p. 147. Blackburn vs. Crawfords, 3 Wall., 175; United States vs. 3McCormicl, 1 Crauch, C. C., 593; United States vs. Lambert, 2 Cranch, C. C., 137. Licenses; by SEC. 719. Such license shall be issued by the clerk of the supreme whom issued. Court of the District. Ibid. Form of license. SEC. 720. Licenses shall be in the following form: T "l'o any minister of the Gospel authorized to celebrate marriages in Ibid. the District of Columbia, greeting: "' You are hereby licensed to solemnize the rites of marriage between, of -, and, of --- if you find no lawful impediment thereto; and having so done, you are commanded to appecar in the clerk's office of the supreme court of said District and certify the same. W" Witness my hand and the seal of said court. _'_...., Clerk.." Record of licen- SEC. 721. The clerk shall provide a record-book of his office, consistses. ing of licenses in the form prescribed in the preceding section, printed Ibid., s. 5. inl blank, one of which he shall fill l up with the names of the parties for whose union any license has been issued, and beneath it shall be printedl a certificate to be made by the minister who solemnized the marriage. SEC. 722. The minister's certificate shall be in the following form: Minister's certifi- "I,, minister of church in --- hereby certify eate; form, that, by authority of a license of the same tenor as the foregoing, I Ibid. solemnized the marriage of the parties aforesaid, on the day of, —-- eighteen hundred and, at -, in tle District of Columbia, Copy of record SEC. 723. A copy of any license and certificate, recorded in the recordto be evidlence. book of thle clerk's office, and certified by the clerk, under his halld. and Lthe seal of the court, shall be competent evi1dence of the marriage. - Certain persons SEC. 724. All colored persons in the District, who, previous to their to be deemed hus- actual emancipation-, had tindertaken and agreed to occupy thle relation to band and wife. each other of husbandc and wife, and were cohabiting together as such, MLARiRIAGE ANID DIVORCEo 87 or in any way recognizing the relation as existing on the twenty-fifth 25 July, 1866, c. day of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-six, whether the rites of mar- 240, v. 14, p. 236. riage have been celebrated between them or not, are deemed husband and wife, and are entitled to all the rights and riivileges, and subject to the duties and obligations of that relation, in like manner as if they had been duly married according to law. SEC. 725. All the children of such persons shall be deemed legitimate, Their children whether born before or after the date mentioned in the preceding see- legitimate. tiono Ibid. SEC. 726. When such parties have ceased to cohabit before such date, Children of those in consequence of the death of the woman, or from any other cause, all who have ceased the children of the woman recognized by the man to be his shall be to cohabit~ deemed legitimate, Ibid. PROPERTY-RIGHTS OF MAIRRIED WOMENo SEC. 727. In. the District the right of any married woman to any Right of marricd property, personal or real, belonging to her at the time of marriage, women to property or acquired during marriage in any other way than by gift or convey- absolute. ance firom her husband, shall be as absolute as if she were unmarried, 3, April 1869, c. and, shall not be subject to the disposal of her husband, nor be liable for Sykes v.s Chadhis debts. wick, 18 Wall, 1411. SEC. 728. Any married woman may convey, devise, and bequeath her Full power of property, or any interest therein, in the sanme manner and with like disposal. effect tas if she were unmarried. [See ~~ 450-452.1 10 April, 1869, c. 23, s. 1, v. 16, p, 45. SEc. 729. Any married woman may contraet, and sue and be sued in Right to c o - her own name, in all matters having relation to her sole and separate tr'ect' sue, ad s b property, in the same manner as if she were unmarried. Ibid., s. 2. SEc. 730. Neither the husband nor his property shall be bound by Husband n ot liable, when. Iany such contract, made by a married woman, nor liable for any recov- -l... we. cry against her in any such suit, but judgment may be enforced by Ibid. execution against her sole and separate estate in the same manner as if she were unmarried. DIVORCE, SEC. 731. All applications for divorce shall be made by petition to Applications for the supreme court of the District. [see ~ 766.1] ivorce. 19 June, 1860, c. 158, so 1, v. 12, p. 59. SEC. 732. The proceedings upon a petition for divorce shall be the Pro cedings; same as are had in other cases, except so far as otherwise provided in general rule. this chapter. Ibid..SEC. 733. The petition for a divorce shall specify the causes therefor w h a t petition with certainty. must specify. Ibid, s. 2. SEC. 734. Upon the petition being filed, the clerk shall issue sum- Summons to remons for the defendant to appear and answer. spondent. Ibid. Slc. 735. If it shall appear by the affidavit of a disinterested witness Notice by publithat the defendant is a non-resident of the District, or has been absent cation, when, therefrom for the space of six months, the court, after the return of one Ibid. summons not found, may authorize notice of the pendency of the petition, to be given by publication, in such manner las it shall direct. SEC. 736. The court shall proceed to hear and determine such cause, When causesshall whenever such summons shall have been served twenty days, or such be heard. publication made forty days before the commencement of the term. Ibid. SEC. 737. No judagment for a divorce shall be rendered on default No judgment without proof; nor shall any admissions contained in the answer of the without proof' defendant be taken as proof of the facts charged as the ground of the Ibid application, but the same shall in all cases be proved by other evidence. 88 ]DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Div or c from SEgC. 738. A divorce from the bond of malrriage may be granted in bond of marriage; any of the following cases, namely:. First. Where such marriage was contracted while either of the par19 June, 1860, c. ties thereto had a former wife or husband living, unless the'former 158, s. 3, v. 12,. 59 marriage had been lawfllly dissolved and no restraint imposed on the 1 June, 1870, c. 116, v. 16, p, 147. party contracting such second marriage. Second. Where such marriage was contracted during the lunacy of either party. Third. Where either party was matrimonially incapacitated at the titme of the marriage. Fourth. Where either party has committed adultery during the marriage. Fifth. For habitual drunkenness for a period of three years of the party complained against. Sixth. For cruelty of treatment, endangering the life or health of the party complaining. Seventh. For willful desertion and abandonment by the party conplained of against the party complaining for the full uninterrupted space of two years. Divorce from bed SEC. 739. A divorce from bed and board may be granted for either of and board; causes. the following causes, namely: 19 June, 1860, c. First. Cruelty of treatment, endangering the life or health of one of 158, s,4,v. 12, pp. the parties. 59, 60. Second. Reasonable apprehension, to the satisfaction of the court, of bodily harm. When causes oc- SEC. 740. No divorce shall be granted for any cause which shall have cur out of the Dis- occurred out of the District, unless the party applying for the same shall have resided within the District for two years next preceding the Ibid., s. 5, p. 60. application. iss olution of SEC. 741. Upon the dissolution of a marriage on account of either marriage o n a c- of the parties having a former wife or husband living, if it shall appear coaunt of a former that the second marriage was contracted in good faith by the party whose second marriage has been thus dissolved, and with the full belief Ibid., s. 6. on his or her part that the former wife or husband was dead, that fact shall be stated in the judgment or sentence of divorce. Legitimacy of is- SEC. 742. The issue of such second marriage, born or begotten before sue. the commencement of the suits shall be deemed to be the legitimate Ibid. issue of the parent who, at the time of the marriage, was capable of contracting. Dissolution on SEC. 743. Upon the dissolution of a marriage on account of the lunacy account of lunacy; of either party at the time of such marriage, the issue of the marriage issue legitimate. Ibid.,s le i7. shall be deemed to be legitimate. Legitimacy, how SEC. 744. A divorce for causes not specially provided for in the two otherwise affected preceding sections shall not affect the legitimacy of the issue of the marand determined.- riage; but the legitimacy of such issue, if questioned, shall be tried and Ibid., s. 8. determined according to the course of the common law. Alimoin y and SEC. 745. In all cases where a divorce is granted, the court allowing right of dower. the same shall have power, if it see fit, to award alimony to the wife, Ibid., s. 9. and to retain her right of dower. Wallingsford vs. Allen, 10 Peters, 593. Alinmony pending SEC. 746. The court may also award alimony to the wife for her suspetition. tenance during the pendency of a petition for a divorce filed for any of Ibid., s.11. the causes mentioned in this chapter. Custody and SEC. 747. The court shall also have power to order and direct, il n a i n tenance of every case of divorce, who shall have the guardianship arnd custody of children. the children of the marriage so divorced, and who shall be charged with Ibid., s. 10. their maintenance. M aiden name - SEC. 748. The court may also, in granting a divorce from the bond of may be restored. marriage, restore to the wife her maiden or other previous name, Ibid., s. 9. Adultery of wife SEC. 749. Il case of adultery by the wife committed after judgment JU )ICIARY.ff or sentence of divorce from bed and board, the court may, on the peti- after divorce from tion of the husband setting forth and accompanied by'legal proof of bed and board. such adultery, deprive the wife of alimony from the date of her said 19 June, 1860, c. criminal act, and rescind her right of dower, as well as dispossess her, if 158, s. 12, v. 12, po the court judge fit, of the care, custody, and guardianship of any child 6o which, under the original judgment of the court in granting the divorce, msay have been assigned to her. CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE. THE JUDICIARY. Sec. Sec. 750. Supreme court. 795. Proceedings upon arrest. 751. Salaries of the justices. 796. Exemptions from arrest on civil proc~ 752. Oath of office. ess. 753. General and special terms. 797. Exemptions of property from dis754. Justices holding terms. traint, &c. 755. When terms may be heldc 798. Conveyance of exempted articles. 756. Number of terms required to be held 799. Prior deeds. annuallyo 800. Motions and suits at special terms. 757. Designation of justice to hold special 801. Issues of fact, how triable. term. 802. Issues at law, how tried. 758. Special term as district court. 803. Exceptuions. 759. Special term as criminal court. 804. New trials. 760. Jurisdiction as a circuit court. 805. Appeal to general term. 761. Power of justices. 806. Motion for new trial to be held at 762. Jurisdiction as a district court. general term. 763. As a criminal court. 807. Trials when another term intervenes. 764. Jurisdiction under copyright and pat- 808. Proceedings to eniorce a lien. ~ent laws. 809. Fictions in pleadings abolished. 765. Jurisdiction as a court of bank- 810. Set-offs. ruptcy. 811. Form of plea set-off. 766. In divorce cases. 812. Judgment for balance due. 767. Original actions limited to the Dis- 813. Mutual judgments. trict, except. 814. Replevin; form of declaration. 768. Common law and chancery causes. 815. Plaintiff's affidavit to state what. 769. Amount required to give jurisdiction. 816. Plaintiff to give security. 770. Rules. 817. Officer's return; proceedings. 771. Justices may administer oaths to 818. When defendant cannot be found; United States officers. order and notice. 772. Appeals from special to general 819. Proceedings in default. term. 820. Appearance of plaintiff; plea. 773. Appeals from police court. 821. Plaintiff's damages. 774. Appeals from justices of the peace. 822. VWhen judgment is for defendant. 775. Summary hearing, when. 823. Damages when things eloigned. 776. Trial by jury at election of parties. 824. Judgment; damages for detention. 777. When appellee fails to appear. 825. Judgment by default in suits on open 778. When appellant fails to prosecute. account. 779. When appeal shall not be dismissed. 826. Yerification of authority of officer 780. Appeals from Commissioner of Pat- taking affidavit. ents. 827. Where money is payable by joint 781. Teste of writs. obligors; proceedings. 782. Writs of attachment and garnish- 828. Plaintiff not entitled to costs, when. ment. 829. Interest on judgments. 783. How maly be quashed. 830. Injunction uponjudgments; damages 784. Discharge of attached property. on dissolution. 785. Sale of attached property. 831. Damages for satisfaction of interest 786. Final judgment. in case of a forthcoming bond. 787. Notice by publication. 832. When the court may direct none or 788. Order of publication. partial damages. 789. Form. 833. Petition for change of name. 790. Process against foreign corporations. 834. Notice. 791. No person to be held to bail on action 835. Name changed. of debt or contract. 836. Form of indcictments. 792. Validity of sales in certain cases. 837. Recovery and distribution of certain 793. Decree confirming sale. fines. 794. Capias ad satisfaciendumrn. 838. Peremptory challengo ofjurors. 90:DISTRIiCT OF COLUMBIBA. Sec. Sec. 839. Witnesses for defendant in criminal 845. When execution of sentence may be trials. postponed. 840. Special oath to grand jury. 846. Writs of error and appeals. 841. Special charge to grand jury. 847. Amonnt required for removal. 842. Libels; truth may be given in evi- 848. Removals for less amount in particudence. lar cases. 843. Fugitives from justice. 849. Effect of writ in such cases. 844. Remission of forfeitures by the Presi- 850. No supersedeas, except, &c. dent. SUPREME COURT' —ORGOANIZATION. Supreme court. SEC. 750. There shall be a supreme court of the District, which shall consist of a chief justice and four associate justices, who shall severally 3 Malch, 1863, c. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of 21 June, 1870, c. the Senate, and shall hold their offices during good behavior. LseC ~ s8.J 141, s. 2, v. 16, p. 161. Noerr et al., administrators; vs. Brewer, Wash. Law Rep., No. 46, p. 310. Salaries of jus- SEC. 751. The chief justice shall receive an annual salary of four thoutices. uficen. 1866 sand five hundred dollars, and the associate justices an annual salary 1 June, k1666, c. 03, s. 2,v. 14, p. 5. of four thousand dollars each, payable quarterly at the Treasury of the 3 March, 1863, c. United States. 91, s. 15,v. 12, p. 764. Oat h. SEC. 752. Each justice, before he enters upon the duties of his office, Ibid., s. 1, p. 7G3,. shall take the oath prescribed to be taken by judges of the courts of the United States. [See B. S. s. u., ~ 712.] T'ERMS. General and spe- SEC. 75,3. The several general terms and special terms of the circuit cial terms. courts, district courts, and criminal courts authorized by b law, are de21 June, 1870, c. clared to be, severally, terms of the supreme court of the District of 141, s. 1, v. 16, p. Columbia; and the judgments, decrees, sentences, orders, proceedings, 16:0. and acts of the general terms, special terms, circuit courts, district courts, and criminal courts rendered, made, or had, are andl shall be deemed judgments, decrees, sentences, orders, proceedings, and acts of the supreme court; but nothing contained in this section shall affect the right of appeal as provided by law. Justices holding SEC. 754. Any three of the justices of the supreme court may hold a terms. general term, and any one of them may hold a special term. 3 M1arch, 1863, c. 91, s. 1, v. 12, p. 763. When terms may SEC. 755. The supreme court shall have power, by rule of court, to be held. regulate the periods of holding its terms, as also the periods of the 7 Feb., 1857, c. special terms, at which issues of fact triable by a jury or by the court 37. v. 11, p. 158. 3 Marchl, 1863, c. are to be tried, and to fix the number of such terms, and to alter the 91, s. 3, v. 12, p. same from time to time as public convenience may require. 763. Number of termns SE]C. 756. At least three terms of the supreme court shall be held required to be held annually. a nnually. 7 Feb., 1857, c. 37, v. 11, p. 158. Designation o f SEC. 757. The special terms shall be held by one of the justices of the jistici teo hrolldr, supreme court at such time as the court in general term shall appoint. 3 March, 18t63, c. 91, s. 5, v. 12, p. 763. 4 Cranch, C. C., 337; United States vs. Williams, 4 Cranch, C. C., 372; United States vs. Milburn, 4 Cranch, C. C., 552. Special ternm as SEC. 758. The special term held as the United States district court district court. for the District of Columbia shall be holden on the first Mondays in 11 MRay, 1820, c. December and June in every year. 93, s. 2, v. 3, p. 576. Special term as SEC. 759. The special term held as the- criminal court shall be holden criminal court. on the first Monday in MarIch1 the third Monday in.June, ald the i 1st 1 March, 1845, c. Monday in December, in each year. [See l. 5. U. S., ~ S11.] 35, s. 2, v. 5, p. 729. ExZar te Bradley, 7 Wall., 364. JUDICIARY. 91 JURISDICTION-ORIGINAL. SEC. 760. The supreme court shall possess the same powers and exer-.- Jurisdiction o f cise the same jurisdiction as the circuit courts of the United States. the supreme court [See r. S. u. S., ~ 605, et seq.] 27 Feb., 1.8017 c.15, v. 2, p. 105; 3 March, 1863, c. 91, s. 3, v. 12, p. 763. United States vs. Heinegan, 1 Cranch, C. C., 50; Mechanics' Bank of Alexandria vs. Withers, 6 Wheat., 106; MeKenn vs. Fislke, 17 Pcters, 245; sameo case, 1 Howard, 241; UJnited States vs. Tarlton, 4 Cranch, C. C.. 682; Kendall vs. United States, 12 Peters, 524; Deeatur vs. Paunlding, 14 Peters, 497; Berry's Petition, 2 Cranch, C. C., 13; Custis vs. Alexandria and Georgetown Turnpike Company, 6 Cranch, 233; Thompson vs. Tolumie, 2 Peters, 157; Cannon vs. Davis, 1 Cranch, C. C., 457; ITnited States vs. Wright, 1 Cranch, C. C., 123; Hard vs. Stone, 5 Cranch, C. C., 503; United States vs. Jack, 1 Cratnch, C. C., 44; United States vs. Louder, 1 CrunIch, C. C., 103; Exlpcoate Magruder, Am. Law Reg., vol. vi, N. S., p. 292; Bradley vs. Fisher, 13 Wall., 336; Cathcart vs. Robinson, 5Peters, 264; Ex lrnmte Watkins, 7 Peters, 568; Rutter vs. Merchant, 1 Cranch, C. C., 36; RKidgway vs. Pancost, 1 Cranch, C. C., 88; United States vs. Porter, 2 Cranch, C. C., 60; Expacrte Levi S. Burr, 2 Cranch, C. C., 379[; sarne case, 9 Wheaton, 529; United States vs. Williarns, 4 Cranch, C. C., 372; United States ex'rel. Stokes vs. Kendall, 5 Cranch, C. C., 163. SEC. 761. The justices of the supreme Court shall severally possess P o w r of justhe powers and-exercise the jurisdiction possessed and exercised by the ticcs. judges of circuit courts. Ibid. Van NTess vs. Bank of United States, 13 Peters, 17; Voss vs. Luke, 1 Crauch, C. C., 331; Woods vs. Young, 1 Cranch, C. C., 346; Parks, adominaistrator, vs. Willis, 1 Cranch, C. C., 357; Lewis vs. Mandeville, 1 Cranch, C. C., 360; Pierce vs. Turner, 1 Cranch, C. C., 433; Barnes vs. Lee, 1 Cranch, C. C., 471; Georgetown T. R. Co. vs. Custis, 1 Cranch, C. C., 585. SEc. 762. Any one of the justices may hold. a special term, with the Jurisdiction as a same powers and jurisdiction possessed and exercised by district courts district court. of the United States. [see n. s. F. s., ~ 551, et seq.] Ibid. SEC. 763. Any one of the justices may hold a criminal court for the As -a criminal trial of all crimes andcl offenses arising within the District. cotnt. [See ~ 61. See. S. S1J.S., I~ 3490-34r49.] Ibid. SEC. 764. The supreme court has jurisdiction of actions, Suits, contro- Jurisdiction unversics, and cases, as Twe ilin equity as at law, arising under the copyright der copyright and ancd patent-laws, and for damages for the infriingement of any patent, patent-laws. ihy action on the case, i accordance with the provisions of sections 8 July, 1870, c. lorty-nine hundred and nineteen, forty-nine hundred and twenty, and 230, ss. 55, 56, 59, fioty-nine hundred and twenty-one, of chapter one, Title L, of the 207,1 Revised Statutes, " PATENTS, TRADE-MARKS, AND COPYRIGHTI.? IKing vs. Force, 2 [See IS. F. S., p. 960. - See B. S. U. S., ~ 699.] Cranch, C. C., 208; Turner vs. Johnson, 2 Cranch, C. C., 287. SEC. 765. All thle jurisdiction, power, and authority conferred upon Jurisdiction as a and vested in the district courts of the United States by Title LXI court o bh an k-'"BANKIRUPTCY," Of the Revised Statutes, are conferred upon and rnptcy. 2 March, 1i867, c. vested in the supreme court when the bankrupt resides in the district. 177, s. 49, v. 14, p. [See IB. S. F. S., ~~ 563, 4972, et seq.] 541. SEC. 766. The supreme court shall have jurisdiction of all applications In divorce cases. for divorce. [See ~~731-749.] 19 June, 1860, c. 158, s. 1, v. 12, p. 59. SEC. 767. No action or suit shall be brought in the supreme court by Origrinal actions original process against any person who shall not be an inhabitant of, limited to District, or found within, the District, except as otherwise specially provided. except. 27 Feb., 1801, c. 15, s. 6, v.2, p. 106. Yasse vs. Comegyss, 2 Cranch, Q. C., 564; Vaughau vs. Northup, 5 Cranch, C. C., 496. SEC. 768. The supreme court has power to proceed in all common law Common law and and chancery causes instituted before it, in which either of the parties chancery causes. reside without tlhe District, in the same way that non-residents were 3 May, 1802, c. proceeded against ill the general court or in the supreme court of chan- 52, s. 1, v. 2, p. 193. cery in the State of Maryland on the third day of May, eighteen hundred and two. SEC. 769. The justices of the supreme court shall not hold original Amount required plea of any debt or damage in cases within the jurisdiction given to tiovn. jurisdic justices of the peace, which shall not exceed fifty dollars, exclusive of 3 March, 1823, c. costs. [See ~ 997.] 24, s. 6, v. 3, p. 744. 92 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Rules. SEC. 770. The supreme court, in general term, shall adopt such rules 3 March, 1863, c. as it may think proper to regulate the time and manner of making 91, s. 6, v. 12, p. 763. appeals from the special term to the general term, and may prescribe the terms and conditions upon which such appeals may be made, and may also establish such other rules as it may deem necessary for regulating the practice of the court, and from time to time revise and alter such rules. It may also determine by rule what motions shall be heard'at a special term, as non-enumerated motions, and what motions shall be heard at a general term in the first instance. Justices may ad- SEC. 771. All official oaths required by law to be taken by officers minister oaths to of the United States, may, in the District, be administered and cerUnited States tified by any one of the justices of the supreme court of the District. 26 June, 1848,c. 82, v. 9, p. 242. JUR 1SDICTION-APPELLATE. Appeals fromn SEC. 772. Any party aggrieved by any order, judgment, or decree, special to general made or pronounced at any special term, may, if the, same involve the telrm. m erits of the action or proceeding, appeal therefrom to the general term 3 March, 1863, c. of the supreme court, and upon such appeal the general term shall 91,s. 5, v. 12, p. 763. review such order, jtdgmnent, or decree, and affirm, reverse, or modify Gittingvs.Burch, 2 Cranch, C. C., 97 the samle, as shall be just. Deneale's Executrix vs. Young, 2 Cranch, C. C., 200. Appeals from po- SEC. 773. Appeals from the police court shall be tried on the inforlice court. mation filed in the court below, certified to suprelne court, by a jury in 17 July, 1870, C. attendance thereat, as though the case had originated therein, and the pp.a54, 155. 1, judgment in the supreme court shall be final in the case. Appeals from jis- SEC. 774. In cases of appeal from a justice of the peace, as soon as tices of the peace. the appellant shall have made the deposit for costs required by law, or 22 Feb., 1867, c. obtained leave from one of the justices, or from the court, to prosecute 64, s. 2, v. 14, p. 403. his appeal without a deposit, the clerk shall docket the cause, and shall Minifie ts. Duck- issue a summons for the appellee to appear at the next triial term of the worth, 2 Cranch, C. C., 39; Howard court. vs. United States, 2 Craneh, C. C., 259; Sherburue vs. Sermmes, 2 Cranch, C. C., 44(6; Davidson vs. Burr, 2 Cranch, C. C., 515; Maddox vs. Stuart, 2 Cranch, C. C., 523; Coullmb vs. Nairn, 2 Cranch, C. C., 676; Cross vs. Blanford, 2 Cranch, C. C., 677; Delany vs. Corporation, 2 Cranch, C. C:, 459; McGunnigle vs. Corporation, 2 Craunch, C. C., 460; Butt vs. Stinger, 4 Cranch, C. C., 252; Ward vs. Corporation,. 4 Cranch, C. C., 2;32; Chase vs. Smith, 4 Cranch, C. C., 90; Owner vs. Corporation, 5 Cranch, C. C., 381; Jeffirs?vs. Forrest, 5 Cranch, C. C., 674. Summary hear- SEC. 775. The supreme court shall in a summary way hear the allegaing, when. tions and proofs of both parties, and determine upon the saime accord1 March, 1823, c. ing to law and the equity and right of the matter, at the samue term, 24,s.7, v. 3, p.744. without further continuance or delay, unless it shall appear to the Mead vs. Scott, 1 court that further time ought to be given to the party applying for the Cranch, C. C., 401; Ward vs. Corpora- same. tion, 4 Cranch, C. C., 232. Trial by jury at SEC. 776. Either of the parties many demand a trial by jury, or leave election of parties. the cause to be determined by the court, at their election Ibid. When appellee SEC. 777. In any case of appeal from the decision of a justice of the fails to appear. peace, where two summonses against the appellee shall be returned non Ibid. est, or one attachment returned non est, and the appellee shall not appear, the court may proceed to hear and determine the case, in the same manner as if the appellee had regularly appeared. When appellant SEC. 778. If the appellant fails to prosecute his appeal, the appellee fails to prosecute. may, upon making the deposit for costs, have thbe cause docketed, and'22 Feb., 1867, c. move for affirmauce of the justice's judglmen t, or he may haxve a trial 64, s. 3, v. 14, p. 403. of the cause upon its merits. When a p e a 1 SEC. 779. NO appeal fiorom thle judgment of any justice of the peace to shall not be dis- the supreme court shall be dtismissed because the same had not been mlissed, prayed to the term lext a-fter the renditiou of such judtlgment, unless JUDICIARY. 93 the court shall be satisfied that the defendant had notice of such judcg- 1 March, 1823, c. ment at least ten days before the sitting of court. 24, s. 7, v. 3, p. 744. SEC. 780. The supreme court, sitting in banc, shall have jurisdiction Appeals from of and shall hear and determine all appeals from the decisions of the Commission or o f Commissioner of Patents, in accordance with the provisions of sections Patents. forty-nine hundred and eleven to section forty-nine hundred and fifteen, 8 July, 1870, c. inclusive, of chapter one, Title LX, of the Revised Statutes,'" PATENTS, 230, sees. 48, 49, 50, TRADE-IMARKS, AND COPYRIGHTS." [See R. S. U. S., p. 958. See t. S. U. S., ~ 699.] PROCESS-MESNE. SEC. 781. Writs and process issued out of the supreme court may be Testo of writs. tested in the name of any justice of the court. 3 Mar., 1863, c. 91, s. 10, v. 12, p. 764. Ex parte Watkins, 7 Peters, 568. SEC. 782. Writs of attachment and garnishment shall be issued by the Writs of attachclerk without any authority or warrant from any judge or justice, when- ment and garnishever the plaintiff, his agent or attorney, shall file in the clerk's office, ment. whether at the commencement or during the pendency of the suit, an 1 June, 1866, c. affidavit, supported by the testimony of one or more witnesses, showing 103,s. 1, v. 14, p. 54. the grounds upon which he bases his affidavit, and also setting forth that the plaintiff has a just right to recover against the defendant what he claims in the declaration, and also stating either, first, that the defendant is a non-resident of the District; or, second, that the defendant evades the service of ordinary process by concealing himself or by withdrawing from the District temporarily; or, third, that he has removed or is about to remove some of his property from the District, so as to defeat just demanids against him; and shall also file his (the plaintiff's) undertaking, with sufficient surety, to be approved by the clerk, to make good all costs a.lnd damages which the defendant may sustain by reason of the wronghil suing out of the attachment. SEC. 783. If the defendant, his agent or attorney, shall file an affida- Ho w may be vit traversing the plaintiff's affidavit, the court shall determine whether quaslhed. the facts set forth in the plaintiff's affidavit are true, and whether there Ibid. was just ground for issuing the writ of attachment; and if the facts do not sustain the affidavit, the court shall quash the writ of attachment or garnishment; and this issue may be tried by a judge at chambers on three days' notice. SEC. 784. The thing attached shall not be discharged from the cus- Discharge of attody of the officer seizing it until the defendant shall deliver, either to tached property. the officer or to the clerk, to be filed in the cause, his undertaking, with Ibid. sufficient surety, to satisfy and pay the final judgment of the court against him. SEC. 785. If the defendant fail to execute such undertaking, the court Sale of attached may sell the thing attached whenever it is satisfied that it is in the in- property. terest of the parties it should be sold before final judgment. Ibid., p. 55. SEC. 786. In case the defendant be found liable to the plaintiff's claim, Final judgment. in whole or in part, the final judgment,shall be that the plaintiff recover against the defendant and his sureties. Ibid. SEc. 787. Publication may be substituted for personal service of Notice by publiprocess upon any defendant who cannot be found, in suits for partition, cation. divorce, by attachment, for the foreclosure of mortgages and deeds of -22 Feb., 1867, c. trust, and for the enforcement of mechanics' liens and all other liens 64,s.7, v. 14, p. 403. against real or personal property, and in all actions at law or in equity which have for their immediate object the enforcement or establishment of any lawful right, claim, or demand to or against any real or personal property within the jurisdiction of the court. SEC. 788. No order for the substitution of publication for personal Order of publicaservice shall be made till a summons for the defendant shall have been tion. issued and returned " not to be found." Ib SEC. 789. The order for publication shall be in the following or equiva- Form. lent form: Ibid. 94 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. "' In the supreme court of the District of Columbia, the --- day of -, 18-. "'A. B., plaintiff, v. (At law,) (In equity,) No. "C. D., defendant. " On motion of the plaintiff, by Mr. -—, his attorney, it is ordered that the defendant cause his appearance to be entered herein on or before the first rule-day occurring forty days after this day; otherwise the cause will be proceeded with as in case of default." Process against SEC. 790. In actions against foreign corporations doing business in the fo r eign corpora- District, all process may be served on the agent of such corporation or tlonf.. person conducting its business, or, in case he is absent and cannot be 22 Febl., 186'7, c. found, by leaving a copy at the principal place of business in the Dis64, s. ll,v. 14,p. 404. trict, and such service shall be effectual to bring the corporation before the court. No person to be SEC. 791. No person shall be held to bail in the District in any action held to bail on ac- of debt, assumpsit, or other action founded on or arising out of any tion of debt or con- contract or agreement, or in any suit or proceeding in equity brought tract. or prosecuted for enforcing the payment of any debt, or of any sum or 3 Feb., 1853, c. sums of money due or claimed to be due by reason of any contract or 40, v. 10, pp. 153, agreement. 154. PROCESS —FINAL. Validity of sales SEC. 792. All sales duly made in cases in which publication is substiin certain cases. tuted for personal service of process shall be good and valid, and vest 22 Feb., 1867, c. any purchaser with a perfect title. 64, s. 9, v. 14, p. 404. Decree confirm- SEC. 793. In case of the sale of things, real or personal under a ing sale. decree in equity, the decree confirming the sale shall divest the right, Ibid'. s.21,p. 406. title, or interest sold out of the former owner, party to the suit, and vest it in the purchaser, without any conveyance by the officer or agent of the court conducting the sale; and the decree shall be notice to all the world of this transfer of title when a copy thereof shall be registered among the land-records of the District; but the court may, nevertheless, order its officer or agent to make a conveyance, if that mode be deemed preferable, in particular cases. Capins ad satis- SEC. 794. If any plaintiff in a civil action, after judgment shall have facielldlrum. ~been obtained by him, makes oath, according to law, that the defendant 17 June, 1844, c. has conveyed away, lessened, or disposed of his property, rights, or 100, v. 5, pp. 678, credits, or is about to remove, or has removed, his property from the Fe9. 184 District, as the plaintiff believes, with intent thereby to hinder or delay 2 v 5 pp. 721,722. the recovery or payment of his debts, the clerk of the court shall thereupon issue a capias ad satisfaciendum. Proceedings upon SEC. 795. Upon the arrest of any such defendant under a capias ad arrest. satisfaciendum, he may be brought by habeas corpus before the court, Ibid. if in term time, and before one of the judges thereof in vacation, andcl may call upon the plaintiff to show cause why he, the defendant, shall not be discharged from imprisonment; and upon such notice, either party may demand a trial by jury; and thereupon the court or judge shall direct an issue or issues to be framed upon the affidavit so filed, and shall cause a jury to be impaneled and sworn to try such issue or issues, and if the finding of the jury shall be for the plaintiff; the defendant shall be thereupon remanded to prison. Exemptions from SEC. 796. Nothing in the two preceding sections shall be construed to arrest on civil pro- authorize the custody or imprisonment of any female person on civil cess. _ process, nor any non-resident for any debt contracted out of the Dis-' Ibid. trict. [sec ~ 791.i Henry vs. Cornelius, 1 Cranch, C. C., 37; O'Neil vs, H-ogan, 2 Cranch, C. C., 524. Exemptions of SEC. 797. The following property, being the property of the lhead of property from dis- a family or householder, shall be exempt from distraint, attachrment, levy, ttaint, &c. and sale on execution or decree of any court in the District: J UDICIA RY. 9,5 First. All wearing apparel belonging to all persons, and to all heads 5 Feb., 1867, c. SO, of families, being householders; v. 14, pp. 38-9, 390. Second. All beds, bedding, household furniture, stoves, cooking utensils, and so forth, not exceeding three hundred dollars in value; Third. Provisions for three month's support, whether provided or growing; Fourth. Fuel for three months; Fifth. Mechanic's tools and implements of the debtor's trade or business amounting to two hundred dollars in value, with two hundred dollar's worth of stock for carrying on the business of the debtor or his family; Sixth. The library and implements of a professional man or artist; to the value of three hundred dollars; Seventh. One horse, mule, or yoke of oxen; one cart wagon, or dray, and harness for such team; Eighth. Farming utensils, with food for such team for three months, and if the debtor be a farmer, any other farming tools of the value of one hundred dollars; Ninth. All family pictures, and all the family library not exceeding in value four hundred dollars; Tenth. One cow, one swine, six sheep; and these exemptions shall be valid when the property is in transitu, the same as if at rest; but no property named and exempted in this section shall be exempted from attachment or execution for any debt due for the wages of servants, common laborers, or clerks, except the wearing apparel, beds, and bedding, and household furniture and provisions, for the debtor and family. [See ~~ 6003, 982, 128.] SEC. 798. No deed of trust, bill of sale, or mortgage upon any ex- Convey a n c e of empted articles, shall be binding or valid unless signed by the wife of exempted articles. the debtor, if he be married and living with his wife. Ibid. SEC. 799. The exemptions named in section seven hundred and ninety- Prior deeds. seven shall not interfere with the foreclosure of any mortgage or deed Ibid. of trust executed prior to February fifth, eighteen hundred and sixtyseven. PRACTICE-CIVIL. SEC. 800. Non-enumerated motions in all suits and proceedings at Motions and suitb law and in equity shall first be heard and determined at special terms. at special terms. Suits in equity, not triable by jury, Shall also be heard and determined 3 March, 1863, c at special terms. But the justice holding such special term may, in his 91, s. 5, v. 12, p. 763 discretion, order any such motion or suit to be heard, in the first instance, at a general term. SEC. 801. All issues of fact triable by a jury or by the court shall be Iss u es of fact tried before a single justice. how triable. Ibid., s. 7. SEC. 802. Issues of law may be tried at a special term. At any time Issues at law, after issue, and at least ten days before the sitting of the court, either how tried. party may give notice of trial. The party giving the notice shall fur- Ibid., p. 764. nish the clerk, at least four days before the sitting of the court, with a note of the issue, containing the title of the action, the names of the attorneys, and the time when the last pleading was served; and the clerk shall thereupon enter the cause upon a calendar, according to the date of the issue. SEc. 803. If upon the trial of a cause, an exception be taken, it may Exceptions. be reduced to writing at the time, or it may be entered on the minutes Ibid., s.8. of the justice, and afterward settled in such manner as may be provided by the rules of the court, and then stated in writing in a case or bill of exceptions, mwitll so much of the evidence as may be material to the questions to be raised, but such case or bill of exceptions need not be sealed or signed. SEc. 804. The justice who tries the cause may, in his discretion, enter- New trials. tain a motion, to be made on his minutes, to set aside a verdict and Ibid. 96 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. -Brooke V8s. Pey- grant a new trial upon exceptions, or for insufficient evidence, or for ton, 1 Cranchl, C. excessive damages; but such motion shall be made at the same term at C., 128; I Crnchs. which the trial was had. Collard, 1 Cranch, C. C., 152; Brent vs. Coyle, 2 Cranch, C. C., 348; United States vs. Wood, Wash. Law Rep., v. 1, No. 25, p. 142. Appeal to gen- SEC. 805. When such motion is made and heard upon the minutes, eral teMrarl. an appeal to the general term may be taken from the decision, in which Ols. 8t,. s 12, v p.64. case a bill of exceptions or case shall be settled in the usual manner. Swain vs. Bowie, 2 Cranch, C. C., 221; Turner vs. Foxall, 2 Cranch, C. C., 324; Lloyd vs. Scott, 4 Cranch, C. C., 206. Motion for new SEC. 806. A motion for a new trial on a case or bill of exceptions, trial to be heard at and an application for judgment on a special verdict or a verdict taken general term. subject to the opinion of the court, shall be heard in the first instance Ibid., s. 9. at a general term. Bank of Metropolis vs. Walker, Cran, Crn C. C 361. Trials when an- SEC. 807. When, at any term of the court, a jury shall be impaneled other term inter- to try any cause or any issue or issues joined in any cause, and it shall venes. happen that no verdict shall be found, nor the jury otherwise discharged 16 Feb., 1853, c. before the day appointed bylaw for the commencement of the next suc76, v. 10, p. 160. ceeding term, the court shall proceed with the trial by the same jury in every respect as if such term had not commenced; and all subsequent proceedings to final judgment, if such judgment shall be rendered, shall be entered and have legal effect and operation as of the term at which the jury shall have been impaneled. Proceedings t o SEC. 808. The proceeding to enforce any lien shall be by bill or petienforce a lien. tion in equity, and the decree, besides subjecting the thing upon which 22 Feb., 1867, c. the lien has attached to the satisfaction of the plaintiff's demand against 64,s. 10,v. 14,p. 404. the defendant, shall adjudge that the plaintiff recover his demand against the defendant, and that he may have execution thereof as at law. Fictionsinplead- SEC. 809. All fictions in the pleadings in the action of ejectment ings aboli~shed. within the District are abolished; and all actions for the recovery of 1 Jane, 1870, C real estate shall be commenced in the name of the real party in interest, 15,s. 1,v.16, p. 146. and against the party claiming to own or be possessed thereof. McCormick's Lessee vs. Magruder, 2 Cranch, C. C., 227; Lynn vs. Hull, 2 Cranch, C. C., 5'2; Whetcroft vs. Burford, 2 Cranch, C. C., 96; Waters vs. Bassord, 2 Cranch, C. C., 226; Deneale vs. Young, 2 Cranch, C. C., 418; Janney vs. Smith, 2 Cranch, C. C., 499. Set-offs. SEC. 810. Mutual debts between the parties to an action, or between 22, Feb., 1867, c. the testator or intestate of both parties, or either party, may be set off 64, s. 5, v. 14, p. 403. against each other by plea in bar, whether the said debts be of the same or a different nature; and if either debt arose by reason of a penalty, the exact sum to be set off shall be stated in the plea. Form of plea of SEC. 811. The plea of set-off may be: "That the plaintiff, at the comset.-off. mencement of the suit, was, and still is, indebted to the sum of - Ibid., s. 6. dollars, for a, as appears by the, particulars of said debt, hereunto annexed; and he is willing that the same may be set off against the plaintiffs demancld." Judgment for SEC. 812. And upon the trial of an issue upon a plea of set-off, judgbalancc due. lment shall be for the balance found due, whether to the plaintiff or Ibid. defendant, with costs. Mutual judg- SEC. 813. Mutual judgments recovered in the court may be set off ments. against each other, on motion of either party; and the court shall award ibid. execution for the balance found due against the party chargeable t-herewith. Replevin; form SEC. 814. The declaration in replevin shall be in the following or equivalent form: "' The plaintiff sues the defendant for (wrongly taking 22 Feb., 1867, c. and detaining) (unjustly detaining) his, said plaintiff's, goods and ch'at64, s. 13,v.14, p. 404. tels, to wit: (describe them) of the value of ~ —. And the plaintiff cliai ms that the same be taken fromn the defendant and delivered to him; or, if they are eloigned, that he may ha,~ve judgment of their said value, andl all roesue profits. and da maltles, which he estimates at $-,: besides costs." JUDICIARY. 97 SEC. 815. At the time of filing the declaration in replevin, the plaint-. Plaintiff's affidaiff, his agent or attorney, shall file an affidavit, sworn to before the vit, to state wllat. clerk, stating- 22 Feb.j 1867, c. First. That, according to affiant's information and belief, the plaintiff 64, s. 13, v. 14, pp, is entitled to recover possession of chattels proposed to be replevied, 40 being the same described in the declaration; Second. That the defendant has seized and detains, or detains the same; Third. That said chattels were not subject to such seizure or detention, and were not taken upon any writ of replevin. SEC. 816. The plaintiff shall, at the same time, enter into an under- Plaintiff to give taking with surety, approved by the clerk, to abide by and perform the security. judgment of the court in the premises. Ibid., p. 405. SEC. 817. If the officer's return of the writ of replevin be, that he has Officer's return; served the defendant with copies of the declaration, notice to plead and proceedings. summons, but that he could not get possession of the goods and chattels Ibid., s. 14. sued for, the plaintiff may prosecute the action for the value of the same and damages for detention; or he may renew the writ inll order to get possession of the goods and chattels themselves. SEc. 818. If the officer's return be, that he has taken possession of When defendant the goods and chattels sued for, but that the defendant is not to be cannot be found; found, the court, may order that the defendant appear to the action by order and notice some fixed day; and of this order the plaintiff shall cause notice to be Ibid, given by publication in some newspaper of the District at least three times, the first of which shall be at least twenty days before the day fixed for the defendant's appearance. SEC. 819. If the defendant fails to appear, the court mav proceed as Proceedings i n in case of default after personal service. default. Ibid. SEC. 820. If the defendant appear, he may plead not guilty, in which Appearance o f case all special matters of defense may be given in evidence, or he may plaintiff; plea. plead specially. Ibid., s. 15. SEC. 821. Whether the defendant plead, and the issue thereon joined Plaintiff's daimis found against him; or his plea is held bad on demurrer; or he make ages. default after personal service, or after publication, the plaintiff's dam- Ibid., s. 16. ages shall be ascertained by the jury trying the issue, where one is joined, or by a jury of inquest, where there is no issue of fact; and the damages shall be the full value of the goods, if eloigned by the defendant, including, in every case, the loss sustained by the plaintiff by reason of the detention; and judgment shall pass for the plaintiff accordingly. SEC. 822. If the issue be found for the defendant, or the plaintiff dis-. is for defendant. miss or fail to prosecute his suit, the judgment shall be that the goods, if delivered to the plaintiff, be returned to the defendant with damages, Ibid., s. 17. or on failure, that the defendant recover against the plaintiff and his surety the damages by him sustained, to be assessed by the jury trying the issue; or, where the plaintiff dismisses or fails to prosecute his suit, by the jury of inquest. SEC. 823. If the defendant has eloigned the things sued for, the court Damages when may instruct the jury, if they find for the plaintiff, to assess such dam- things eloigned. ages as may compel the defendant to return the things. Ibid., s. 18. SEC. 824. The judgment in such cases shall be that the plaintiff re- Judgment; damcover against the defendant the value of the goods as found, to be dis- ages for detention. charged by the return of the things, with damages for detention, which Ibid the jury shall also assess. Thompson vs. Carbery, 2 Cranch, C. C., 39; Wood vs. May, 3 Cranch, C. C., 172. SEC. 825. Where a suit is brought upon an open account, verified by Judgment by dethe plaintiff's or his agent's affidavit, that the amount claimed by the fault in suits on plaintiff is justly payable by the defendant to the plaintiff, and the de- open account. fendant fails to defend the suit, the plaintiff may have judgment, final Ibid., s 19. by default for the amount, with interest from the day specified:in the' declaration, without an inquiry of damages. S'I I-7 98:DISTRICT OF.COLUMBIA. Verification of SEC. 826. If the affidavit of the plaintiff or his agent be made before authority of officer an officer, of whose authority to administer oaths the court cannot take taking affidavit, notice, his authority must be verified by the certificate under official 22 Feb.,1867,c. 64, seal, if he have one, of the officer having authority to give such certifis. 19, v. 14, p. 405. cate. Where money is SEC. 827. Where money is payable by two or more persons jointly or payable by joint severally, as by joint obligors, covenantors, makers, drawers, or indorsobligors; proceedilngs. ers, one action may be sustained and judgment recovered against all or any of the parties by whom the money is payable, at the option of the 405Ibid, s. 20,. plaintiff. But an action against one or some of the parties by whom the money is payable may, while the litigation therein continues, be pleaded in bar of another action against another or others of said parties. Plaintiff not en- SEC. 828. If the declaration state a cause of action of which the court t i t 1 e.d to costs, has jurisdiction, but the verdict firds the money payable by the defendb heln ant to the plaintiff to be less than the lowest sum of which the court has Ibids.l 22, p. 406. jurisdiction, the plaintiff shall have judgment for the amount found due Goddairl rs. Da- to him from the defendant, but without costs. vis, 1 Cranch, C. C. 33; McKnigbt vs. Ramsay, 1 Cranch, C. C., 40. Interest on judg- SEC. 829. Upon all judgments rendered on the common-law side of ments. the court in actions founded on contracts, interest at the rate of six 24 June, 1812, c. per centum per annum shall be awarded on the principal suml due until 106, s. 6, v.2,p.756; the judgment shall be satisfied, and the amount which is to bear interKillingly vs. Tay- est and the time from which it is to be paid shall be ascertained by the ]or, 1 Cranch, C. C.e 99; McDonald Cs. verdict of the jury sworn in the cause. White, 1 Cranch, C. C., 149. Injunction upon SEC. 830. When an injunction is obtained to stay proceedings on judgments; dam- any judgment rendered for money, and such injunction shall be disageson dissutin solved, wholly or in part, damages, at the rate of ten per centum per Love vs. Fendall's annum from the time the injunction shall be awarded until dissolution, Trustee, 1 Cranch, shall be paid by the party on whose behalf such injunction was obtained C. C., 34; Mason vs. onl such sum as appears to be due, including costs, and execution on M a n c l s t e r, 3 the judgment enjoined shall be issued for the same. Crunch, C. C., 403. Damagesforsat- SEC:. 831. In cases where a forthcoming bond shall have been exeisfaction of inter- cuted by the complainant, and no judgment shall have been rendered (st, in case of a thereupon, the court in which execution shall be awarded shall direct fierthconlug bond. the damages to be included in the judgment, and such damages shall lbl d., pp. 756,757. in all cases be in full satisfaction of interest for the time for which they Stion vs. Crlnan- shall be allowed. C. C., 32; Stev:ns vs. Lloyd, 1 Cranch, C. C., 141; Thomas vs. Brent, 1 Cranch, C. C., 161. When the court SEC. 832. When the injunction is granted to obtain a discovery, or may direct none or any part of the judgment shall remain enjoined, the court may, if it partial damages. appear just, direct that such damages shall not be paid, or only such Ibid. proportion thereof as they may deem expedient. Pet i tion for SEC. 833. Any person being a resident of the District, and desirous to (bhange of name. have his name changed, may file a petition in the supreme court setting 0o Dec., 1667, c. forth -the reasons therefor, and also the name desired to be assumed. Noti,. 15, 33. SEC. 834. Notice of the filing of such petition, containing the substance and prayer thereof, shall be published for three consecutive Ibidl. weeks in some newspaper in general circulation published in the District, prior to the hearing of the petition. Name changed. SEC. 835. The court, or the justice holding a civil term thereof, on Ibid. proof of such notice, and upon such showing as may be deemed satis. factory, may change the name of the applicant according to the prayer of the petition. PRACTICE-CRIIINAL. -'orna (if indict- SEC. 836. All indictmnents shall run in the name of the United States Il':'(t. and conclude, against the peace and government thereof. "?Aarch, 1801, c. 24, s. 2, v. 2, p. 115. United States vs. Peacock, I1 Cranch, C. C., 215. JUDICIARY. 99 SEC. 837. All fines, penalties, and forfeitures accruing under the laws Recovery a n d of the State of Maryland, which, by adoption, have become the'laws of distribution of certhe District, shall be recovered with costs, by indictment or information, tan fines, &c. in the name of the United States, or by action of debt, in the name of 3 March, 1801, c. the United States and of the informer; one-half of which fine shall 24, s.2, v.2, p. 115. accrue to the United States, and the other half to the informer; and Levy Court vs. Ringgold, 5 Peters, such fines shall be collected by or paid to the marshal, and one-half 451 thereof shall be by him paid over to the District of Columbia, and the other half to the informer; and the marshal shall have the same power regarding their collection, and be subject to the same rules and regulations as to the payment thereof, as the sheriffs of the State of Maryland are subject to in relation to the same. SEC. 838. On the trial of any person charged with a crime, the pun- Challenge of ishment whereof may be confinement in the penitentiary or District jail, jurors. the defendant shall be entitled to four peremptory challenges of jurors. 22 Feb.,1867, c.65, s. 1, v. 14, p. 407. SEC. 839. In all criminal trials the supreme court, or the judge trying Witnesses for dethe case, may allow such number of witnesses on behalf of the defendant fendant in crimias may appear necessary; the fees thereof, with the costs of service, to nal trials. be paid in the same manner as Government witnesses are paid. Ibid, s. 12, PP 407, 408. SEC. 840. In addition to the oath now prescribed by law to be admin- Special oath of istered to the grand jury in the District, they shall be sworn faithfully grandl jury. and impartially to inquire into and true presentment make of all offenses 20 Feb., 1839, c. against the laws prohibiting dueling. [See ~~ 1164-116.] 30, s. 7, v. 5, p. 319. SEC. 841. The court shall also give in charge to the grand jury at the Special charge to commencement of each term next preceding an election in the District, grand jury. the provisions of section one hundred and four, respecting interference 8 Jan., 1867, c. 6, with an elector in the exercise of the elective franchise. [See ~~ 98-I08.] s. 4, v. 14, p. 375. SEc. 842. In all prosecutions-or indictments for libel instituted in the Libels; t r n t h District, the truth thereof may be given in evideice under the general may bec given in issue as a justification of the alleged libel; and if it appear that the matter charged as libellous was true, and was written or published with 25 Feb., 1865, c. good motives and for justifiable ends, the defendant shall be acquitted. 58, v. 13 p. 439. SEC. 843. In all cases where the laws of the United States provide Fugitives from that fugitives from justice shall be delivered up, the chief-justice of the justice. supreme court shall cause to be apprehended and delivered up such 3 March., 1801, c. fugitive from justice who shall be found within the District, in the same 24, s. 6, v. 2, p. 116. manner and under the same regulations as the executive authority of the several States are required to do by the provisions of sections fifty-two hundred and seventy-eight and tifty-two hundred and seventynine, Title LXVI, of the Revised Statutes, " ExTRADITION;" and all executive and judicial officers are required to obey the lawful precepts or other process issued for that purpose, and to aid and assist in such delivery. [See BI. S. F. S., pp. 10'27-'1028.] SEC. 844. The President of the United States has power to grant Remission of forremissions of the forfeitures of all recognizances acknowledged and feitures b y thoe taken before any court, judge, justice of the peace, or other magistrate President. within the District, either in the course of any criminal prosecution, or 13 June, 1812, c. for surety of the peace. 100, v. 2, p. 752. SEC. 845. To enable any person convicted by the judgment of the When execution court, to apply for a writ of error, in all cases when the judgment shall of sentence may be be death, or confinement in the penitentiary, the court shall, on applica- postponed. tion of the party accused, postpone the final execution thereof to a rea- 7 July, 1838, p. sonable time beyond the next term of the court, not exceeding in any 19, s.6, v. 5, p. 307. case thirty days after the end of such term. REMOVAL OF CAUSES TO THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. SEC. 846. Any final judgmnent, order, or decree of the supreme court writs of error of the District may be re-exmlnined and reversed or affirmed in the andcl appeals. Supreme Court of the United States, upon writ of error or appeal, in 100 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 3 March, 1863, c. the same cases and in like manner as provided by law in reference tc 91, s. 11,v.12, p. 764. the final j udgments, orders, and decrees of the circuit courts of the Ross vs. Triplett, United States. 3 Wheat., p. 600; Smith vs. Mason, 14 Wall., p. 419; United States vs. Hooe, 1 Cranch, 317; Young vs. Bank of Alexandlria, 4 Cranch, 384; Custis vs. Georgetown and Alex. T. Co., 6 Crauch, 233; Columbian Insurance Company vs. Wheelright, 7 Wheat., 534; United States vs. More, 3 Cranch, 159; Carter vs. Cutting, 8 Cranch, 251; Nicholls vs. Hodges, 1 Peters, 562; Wise vs. Columbian Turnpike Co., 7 Crunch, 276; Scott vs. Lunt, 6 Peters, 349; Lee vs. Lee, 8 Peters, 44; Thompson et al. vs. Voss, 1 Cranch, C. C., 108; United States vs. Hooe & Co., 1 Cranch, C. C., 116; Moore et al. vs. Dunlop, 1 Cranch, C. C., 180; Grundy vs. Young, 1 Craunch, C. C., 443; Ex parte Negro Ben, 1 Cranch, C. C., 532; Marsteller vs. McClean, 2 Crunch, C. C., 8; Renner vs. Bank of Columbia, 2 Craunch, C. C., 310; United States vs. Columbian Ins. Co., 2 Crunch, C. C., 266. Amount required S EC. 847. No cause shall be removed from the supreme court of the for removal. District to the Supreme Court of the United States, by appeal or writ 2 April, 1816, c. of error, unless the matter in dispute in such cause shall be of the 39, s. 1, v. 3, p. 261. value of one thousand dollars or upward, exclusive of costs, except in the cases provided for in the following section. [See 1R... U. S., ~ 699.] Removals for a SEC1. 848. When any person, or body politic or corporate, shall think less amount in him, or themselves, aggrieved by any final judgment, order, or decree, particular cases. of the supreme court of the District, where the matter in dispute, excluIbid., s. 2. sive of costs, shall be of the value of one hundred dollars, and of less value than one thousand dollars, and shall have prayed an appeal, or shall desire to sue out a writ of error to the Supreme Court of the United States, such person, or body politic or corporate, may exhibit a petition, in writing, accompanied by a copy of the proceedings complained of, and an assignment of the errors relied on, to any judge of the Supreme Court of the United States, who, if he should be of opinion that such errors, or any of them, involve questions of law of such extensive interest and operation as to render the final decision of them by the Supreme Court of the United States desirable, may thereupon, at his discretion, and upon the terms and conditions prescribed by law, by his order, to be directed to the clerk of the supreme court of the District, direct such appeal to be allowed, or writ of error to be issued; which shall be done accordingly. [See R. S. U. S., ~~ 705,706.] Effect of writ in SEC. 849. When any appeal or writ of error shall have been directed,uch cases. in the manner prescribed by the preceding section, and the order thereIbid., a. 3. on of the judge of the Supreme Court of the United States shall have been filed in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District, within thirty days after the end of the term at which the judgment, order, or decree, to be affected by such writ of error or appeal, shall have been rendered or made, such writ of error or appeal shall operate as a supersedeas of all proceedings under such judgment, order, or decree. No supersedeas SEC. 850. There shall be no supersedeas or stay of execution of the except, &c. judgments of the supreme court of the District, otherwise than by in22 Feb., 1867 c junction, or upon proceedings in error to the Supreme Court of the 64, s. 4, v. 14, p. 403. United States. CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR. JURORS. Sec. Sec. 851. Lists of jurors. 861. Names not to be again put in jury852. Names, how selected. box, when. 853. How placed in jury-box. 862. If jurors do not attend. 854. Custody of jury-box. 863. When panel is incomplete. 855. Drawing jurors. 864. How summoned when all inames have 856. Juries for criminal term. been drawn. 857. Jurors in capital cases. 865. Vacancies, how filled. 858. Jurors for circuit court. 866. Notifications. 859. Additional names, when drawn. 867. How served. 860. Rescaling jury-box. 868. Marshal's return. JURORS. 101 See. Sec. 8fi9. Juror failing to attend, penalty. 873. Fees. 870. Penalty of officer for collusion. 87.4. Who may be excused. 871. Penalty of clerk for collusion. 875. Who are exempt from jury-duty. 872. Qualifications ofjurors. SEC. 851. Until otherwise provided by the legislative assembly, the Lists ofjurors. supreme court of the District may, by orders in general term, from time 20 April, 1871, c. to time, designate necessary officers or persons to make the lists of jurors 2;, s. 1, v. 17, p. 16. for service in said court. SEC. 852. The names on the lists shall be selected, as near as may'be, Names; how sefrom among the citizens of the several wards or districts of the cities of lecteld. MWashington and Georgetown, and the three divisions of the District 16 June, 1862, c. outside the limits of said cities, formed by the Eastern Branch of the 102, s. 11, v. 12, p. Potomac River and lRock Creek, in proportion to the number of inhllab- 430, i: 18 March, 1869, c. itants residing therein, respectively. 3, v. 16, p. 3. SEc. 853. The names selected shall be written on separate andl similar How placed in pieces of paper, which shall be so folded or rolled up that the names jury-box. cannot be seen, and placed in a box to be provided for that purpose. 16 June, 1862, c. 102, s. 4,v.12, p. 428. SEC. 854. The box shall be sealed, and, after being thoroughly shaken, Custody of juryshall be delivered to the clerk of the supreme court for safe-keeping. box. Ibid. SEC. 855. At least ten days before the commencement of each term Drawing jrors. held as the circuit court, or as the criminal court, respectively, the clerk bid 5 shall publicly break the seal of the jury-box and proceed to draw therefrom the names of so many persons as are required. SEc. 856. If the jury is intended for service in the special term sitting Juries for crimas a criminal court, the twenty-three persons whose names shall be first inal term. drawn shall constitute the grandjury, and the twenty. six persons whose Ibid., pp. 428, names shall be next drawn shall constitute the petit jury, for that term. 429. United States vs. Caton, 1 Cranch, C. C., 150; United States vs. Palmer 2, Cranch, C. C., 11; United States vs. White, 5 Cranch, C. C., 457. SEc. 857. In a capital case where the panel shall be exhausted by Jurors in capital reason of challenge or otherwise, the court may, in its discretion, order cases. additional names to be drawn; and if all of the names in the box shall Ibid., p. 429. be drawn out and no jury found, the court may order the marshal to summon talesmen until a jury shall be found. SEC. 858. If a jury be required for the term sitting as a circuit court, Jurors for circuit the twenty-six persons whose names shall first be drawn shall consti- court. tute the jury for that term. Ibid. SEC. 859. If any person whose name is drawn shall have died or Additional names, removed from the district, or become otherwise disabled from serving when drawn. as a juror, the clerk shall draw from the box another name, to serve Ibid. instead. SEc. 860. After the requisite number of jurors shall have been drawn, Resealing jurythe jury-box shall'be again sealed, and remain in the custody of the box. clerk. Ibid. SEC. 861. The names of persons drawn shall not again be placed in Names not to be the jury-box for the period of two years. again put in jlrybox, when. Ibid. SEc. 862. If the persons selected as jurors do not attend, the court If jurors do not may order the marshal to sumlmon others, possessing the legal qualiti- attend. cations, to supply the deficiency. Ibid., s, 7, p. 429. SEC. 863. If at any time there should not be, by reason of challenge or When panel is otherwise, a sufficient number of jurors to make up the panel, the court incomplete. shall order the marshal to summon as many talesmen as are necessary Ibid. for that purpose. United States vs. Watkins, 3 Cranch, C. C., 441. SEC. 864. If at any time it shall occur that aCll of the names in the box How snilnnoned are drawn out at any term of the court before the first day of February, w h e 11 11llames the court may order the marshal to summon from the bsody of the Dis- ha vee, b 1,eer, w. trict twenty-three citizens, having the qualifications of jurors, to serve l, v. 14,,. 1. 102 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. as grand jurors, and twenty-six citizens, having such qualifications, to act as petit jurors, or either, as may be needed at any subsequent term of the court to be held between the time of the happening of the contingency mentioned and the first day of February then next ensuing. Vacancies, how SEC. 865. Vacancies in either grand or petit juries ordered to be sumfilled. moned, as provided in the preceding section, may be filled by other Ibid. persons summoned by the marshal upon the order of the court. Notifications. SEC. 866. It shall be the duty of -the marshal of the District, at least 16 June, 1862, c. five days before the meeting of the court for which a jury is required, 102, s. 6, v. 12, p. to notity each person drawn, by serving on him a notice in writing of 429. his selection as a juror of the court he is to attend, and of the day and hour he is to appear. IHow served. SEC. 867. Such notice shall be given to each juror in person, or be Ibid-. left at his usual place of residence. Marshl's return. i SEC. 868. A copy of the notice, with his certificate stating when and in what manner the original was served, shall be returned by the marI~bid. shal to the court before the commencement of the term for which the jurors were drawn. Juror failing to SEC. 869. If any person selected as a juror and duly notified to attend, attend; penalty. shall, without sufficient cause, neglect to attend agreeably to notice, he Ibid., s10, p. 430. shall be fined by the court in a sum not exceeding twenty dollars for every day he shall be absent during the sitting of the court. Penalty ofofficer SEC. 870. If any officer shall put on the list the name of any person for collusion. at his own request, or on the request of any other person, or shall be bid.9, p. 429. guilty of any fraud or collusion with respect to the drawing of jurors, bid., s., p. 429. he, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars, and imprisoned in the county jail not less than sixty days, for each offense. Penalty of clerk SEC. 871. If the clerk of the court shall draw from the box a greater for collusion. number of names than is required by the court, in accordance with law, Ibid., PI. 429,430. or shall put in the box any name after the same has been delivered to him, or shall be guilty of any fraud or collusion in respect to the drawving of jurors, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be pu;nished by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars, and be imprisoned in the District jail not less than sixty days, for each offense. Qualifications of SEC. 872. No person shall be competent to act as a juror unless he be jurors. a citizen of the United States, a resident of the District, over twentyIbid., 8 p 429. one and under sixty-five years of age, and a good and lawful man, who 18 March, 1869, c. has never been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor involving moral 3, v. 16, p. 3. turpitude. [see B. S. U. S., ~~ 820-822.] Fees. SEC. 873. Jurors are entitled to the same compensation as received 7 July, 1838, c. for their attendance in the circuit courts of the District prior to July 192, s. 3,. 5, p.:307. seventh, eighteen hundred and thirty-eight. Who may be.ex- SEC. 874. A person may be excused by the court from serving on a cused. jury when, for any reason, his interests or those of the public will be 18 June, 1862, c. materially injured by his attendance, or when he is a party in any action 102, s. 8, v. 12, p. or proceeding to be tried or determined by the intervention of a, jury at 429. the term for which he may be summoned, or where his own health or Wilson Bryan's the death or sickness of a member of his family requires his absence. C., 151; Offutt vs. Parrott, 1 Cranch, C. C., 154; McIntire's case, 1 Cranch, C. C., 157; Minga Queen vs. Hepburn, 2 Cranch, C. C., 3; same case, 7 Cranch, C. C., 290. Who are exempt SEC. 875. All executive and judicial officers, salaried officers of the from jury duty. Government of the United States, commissioners of police, and those 16 June, 1862, c. connected with the police or fire department, counselors and attorneys 102, s. 3, v. 12, p. at law, ministers of the gospel an(l priests of every denomination, prac428 all vs Mar ticing physicians and surgeons, keepers of hospitals, asylums, ~almshouses, bnry, I Cranch, C. or other charitable institutions created by or under the laws relating to C., 365. the District, captains and masters and other persons employed on vessels navigating the waters of the District, and keepers of public, ferries, shall be exempt from jury duty, and their names shall not be placed on the jury-lists. WITNESSES. 103 CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE. WITNESSES. Sec. Sec. 876. Interested parties may be witnesses. 886. Service of notice and copy. 877. Exceptions. 887. Cross-interrogatories. 878. Testimony in certain criminal cases. 888. Commission. 879. No exclusion on account of-color. 889. Duties of commissioner. 880. Fees of witnesses. 890. Exhibits. 881. Commissioners to take testimony in 891. Certificate and return. criminal cases. 892. Deviations. 882. Who may be commissioners. 893. Court may establish further rules. 883. What commission must state. 894. Proof of wills by commission. 884. Notice to district attorney. 895. Will to accompany commission. 8tH5. Contents of notice. 896. Effect of deposition. SEc. 876. On the trial of any issue joined, or of any matter or ques- Interested partion, or on any inquiry arising in any suit, action, or other proceeding ties may be witin any court of justice in, the l)istrict, or before any person having by nesses. law, or by consent of parties, authority to hear, receive, and examine 2 July, 1864, c. evidence within the District, the parties thereto, and the persons in 222, v. 13, pp. 374, whose behalf any such action or proceeding may be brought or defended, Bank of Colu5 - and all persons interested in the same, shall, except as provided in the bia vs. Wright, 3 following section, be competent and compellable to give evidence, either Cranch, C. C., 216; viva voce or by deposition, according to the practice of the court, on Craing C. eCrson, 3 behalf of any of the parties to the action or other proceeding., C. C, 435. [See B. S. U. S., ~~ 871-874.] SEC. 877. Nothing in the preceding section shall render any person Exceptions. who is charged with an offense in any criminal proceeding competent Ihid or compellable to give evidence for or against himself; Sanderson's case, Or render any person compellable to answer any question tending to 3Cranch, C.C., 638; criminate himself; United States vs. Or render a husband competent or compellable to give evidence for or Hudlad, 5 Cranch, against his wife, or a wife competent or compellable to give evidence for or against her husband, in any criminal proceeding or in any proceeding instituted in consequence of adultery; Nor shall a husband be compellable to disclose any communication made to him by his wife during the marriage, nor shall a wife be compellable to disclose any communication made to her by her husband during the marriage. SEC. 878. Every person accused or convicted of obtaining by false Testimony in cerpretenses any goods or chattels, money, bank-note, promissory note, or tain criminal cases. any other instrument in writing, for the payment or delivery of money 2 March, 1831, c. or other valuable thing, or of keeping a faro-bank or gaming-table, or of 37, s. 12, v. 4,p. 449; violating the laws relating to dueling, shall be a competent witness 20 Feb., 1839, c. 30, against every other person offending in the same transaction, and may s. 6 v. 5 p. 319. be compelled to appear and give evidence in the same manner as other persons; but the testimony so given shall not be used in any prosecution or proceeding, civil or criminal, against the person so testifying. SEC. 879. In all judicial proceedings in the District there shall be no No exclusion on exclusion of any witness on account of color. [See R. S. U. S., ~ 97.f r. 12 July, 1862, c. 154, s. 5, v. 12, p. 539. SEC. 880. Witnesses are entitled to the same compensation as received Fees of witnesses. for their attendance in the circuit courts of the District prior to July 7 July 1838, c. seventh, eighteen hundred and thirty-eight. [See B. S. s. S., s849.] 192, s. 3, v. 5, p. 307. United States vs. Mullany, 1 Cranch, C. C., 517; United States vs. W~illiams, 1 Cranch, C. C., 178; Sadler vs. Moore, 1 Cranch, C. C., 212; Power vs. Serrmmes, 1 Cranch, C. C., 247. COMMISSIONS FOR TAKING TESTIMONY IN CRIMINAL CASES. SEC. 881. Any defendant in a criminal case, either after preliminary Commissions to examnination, indictment, or information, may examine witnesses on com- take testimony in mission in the manner prescribed by the thirteen succeeding sections. criminal cases. 3 March, 1865, c. 106, s. 1, v. 13, p. 528, 104 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Who may be com- SEC. 882. A defendant wishing to take the deposition of a witness missioners. residing more than one hundred miles from the city of Washington may 3 March, 1865, c. select any of the following officers as a commissioner to take such depo106, s. 2,v.13, p. 528. sition, either by the name of office of such officer, or by his individual name and official style: First. The clerk or judge of any court of record. Second. Any notary public. Third. Any consul of the United States. What commission SEC. 883. The name of the court of which such constituted commismust state. sioner is clerk or judge and the name of the State and county, or if withIbid. out the United States the name of the State and town, or city, in which such notary or consul resides must be stated in the notice and in the commission. Notice to district SEC. 884. Five days' notice must be given by a defendant, or his attorney. attorney, of the time when a commission will be sued out of the office Ibid., s. 3. of the clerk of the supreme court of the District for taking the deposition of a witness. Contents of no- SEC., 885. The notice must give the name of the witness and be accomtice. panied with a copy of the interrogatories to be asked such witness. Ibid. Service of notice Sneri cofPSn. SEC. 886. The notice and copy of interrogatories may be served and returned in the same manner and by the same officers or persons as Ibid., s. 5, p. 529. provided for the service and return of a summons or subpoena in civil actions within the District. Cross -interroga- SEC. 887. At or before the time fixed in the notice, the district attor-tories ney may file cross-interrogatories; but if he fail to so do, the clerk shall Ibid., s. 4, PP. 528, file the following: 529. First. Are all your statements in the foregoing answers made from your personal knowledge; and if not, do your answers show what are made from your personal knowledge and what from information, and the source of that information? If not, now show what is from information, and give its source. Second. State everything you know concerning this case favorable to either the Government or the defendant. CoImmission. SEC. 888. The commission shall issue in the name of the supreme Ibid., s6c,. 6 court, and under its seal, and must be signed by the clerk and need contain nothing but the authority conferred upon the commissioner and instructions to guide him, a statement of the cause in which the testimony is to be used, and a copy of all the interrogatories filed appended. Duties Of corn- SEC. 889. The person before whom any of the depositions are taken must cause the interrogatories appended to the commission to be written Ibid., s.. 7. out, and the answers thereto to be inserted immediately underneath the respective questions; the whole, when completed, being read over by or to the witness, must be by him subscribed and sworn to in the usual manner. Exhibits. SEC. 890. All exhibits produced before the person taking the deposiIbid., s. 8. tion, or proved or referred to by any witness, or correct copies thereof, must be appended to the depositions, and returned with them, unless sufficient reasons be shown for not so doing. Certificate. a n d SEC. 891. The person taking the deposition shall attach his certificate thereto, stating that it was subscribed and sworn to by the deponent Ibid., s. 9. at the time and place therein mentioned. The whole, including the commission and interrogatories, must then be sealed up and returned to the clerk of the supreme court of the District, by mail, unless the defendant and the district attorney agree upon some other mode; and, when received by the clerk, he shall open the package and place the deposition on file in his office. Deviations, SEC. 892. Unimportant deviations from ally of the directions conIbid., as 10. tamned in the preceding sections shall not cause the deposition to be'excluded where no substantial prejudice could:be wrought to the Government by such1 deviation. CERTAIN OFFICERS OF COURTS. 105 SEC. 893. The court may establish further rules for taking depositions Court may estaband all other acts connected therewith, subject to the regulations con- lish further rules. tained in tile thirteenth preceding sections. 1063 March, s. 13, l. 529. PROOF OF WILLS BY COMMISSION. SEC. 894. Whenever a will or codicil shall be exhibited for probate to Proof of wilfls ly the supreme court, if any of the witnesses to the same shall reside out commission. of the District, or be temporarily absent therefrom at the time when 3 March, 1869, c. the will or codicil shall be so exhibited, the court may issue, upon per- 149, v 15, p 340 sonal notice of not less than twenty days to all parties in interest, a commission to one or more competent persons to take the deposition of such absent witness, in such form as the court may prescribe, touching the execution of such will or codicil, and the competency of the testator at the time of the execution thereof. SEC. 895. In all such cases the original will or codicil shall accom- Will to accomrpany the commission, and be exhibited to the witnesses. pany commision. Ibid. SEC. 896. Such depositions, when returned to the court. shall be Effect of deposireceived therein as competent evidence, and have the same force and tions. effect as if the witnesses were personally present and testifying in the Ibid. court. CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX. CERTAIN OFFICERS OF COURTS. Sec. Sec. 897. Fees of clerk, marshal, and attorney. 913. Failure of marshal to pay over small 898. Per diem of marshal and clerk. sums. 899. Table of fees of marshal and clerk. 914. Prepayment, of marshal's fees. 900. Attendance at criminal term. 915. Clerk; appointment, oath, and bond 901. Fees of coroner, &c. 916. Assistant clerks. 902. Pay of bailiffs and criers. 917. Plaintiff to make deposit with clerk. 903. Fees to attorneys and solicitors. 918. Poor persons not required to make 904. United States attorney, appointment deposit. and duties. 919. Copies from justices' dockets. 905. Oaths and affirmations. 920. How made. 906. No allowance for deputy, or for 921. Fees from private parties, payable office expenses. when. 907. To pay his deputies, &c. 922. Fees allowed in certain cases. 908. Fees, how payable. 923. Semi-annual return of fees. 909. Limit to compensation. 924. Limit to salary. 910. Marshal, appointment and duties. 925. Adjustment of accounts. 911. Fees in certain cases. 926. Decree of the court. 912. Executions issued by justices of the 927. Accounts, how settled. peace. 928. Copy of decree. PROVISIONS RELATING TO SEVERAL OFFICERS. SEc. 897. The fees of the clerk, of the marshal, and of the United Ftes of clerk, States district attorney, except, in each case, so far as differently speci marshal, and atfled in this chapter, shall be the same as the fees respectively allowed to n. clerks of the district and circuit courts, marshals, attorneys, solicitors, 27 Junes. 1 v. 184, c. and proctors, by chapter sixteen, " Fees," of Title XIII,' The Judiciary," 19 196. 13 p of the Revised Statutes. [See R. S. U. S., pp. 153-161.1 Per diem of marSEC. 898. The marshal and clerk shall receive their daily compensa- shal and clerk. tion for attending court. - Mar., ft307, 23, s. 3, v. 2, p. 431. SEC. 899. It shall be the duty of the marshal and clerk to make a Tablel of fees of table of their respective fees, in dollars and cents, according to law, and nalrshni acd clelrk. to keep a copy thereof, at all times, exposed to public view in their Ibid.,.4. respectivY offices. 106 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Attendance at SEC. 900. The district attorney, marshal, and clerk shall attend the criminal term. slecial term itting as a criminal court, and perform all the duties re2, J ly, 1838, c. quired of them by law in relation to the criminal business of the court. 192, s. 3, v. 5, p. 307. Fees of coroner, SEC. 901. There shall be paid to the coroner of the District, and to &c. the jurors and witnesses who lmay be lawvfully summoned in ally inquest, Ibid.,s.8, pp. 307, the same fees and compelsation as paid to the marshal and the jurors 308. attending the supreme court. Levy Court vs. Coroner, 2 Wall., 501. Pay of bailiffs SEC. 902. The marshal shall pay to each bailiff and crier who shall be ~andc criers. required to attend upon the district, circuit, and criminal terms of the 21 June, 1870, c. supreme court, three dollars and fifty cents for each day's attendance, 140, v. 16, p. 160. respectively. Fees to attorneys SEC. 903. In suits at common law in the supreme court, the taxable and solicitors. fee to an attorney shall be five dollars only; and in suits in chancery, 3 Mar., 1807, c. the taxable fee to a solicitor shall be ten dollars only. 23, s. 5, v. 2, p. 431. UNITED STATES DISTRICT ATTORNEY. United States attorney; appoint- SEC. 904. There shall be appointed an attorney of the United States ment and duties. for the District, who shall take the oath and perform all the duties 27 Feb., 1801, c. required of district attorneys of the United States. [See ~~ 03,, 1069-1071.] 15, s. 9, v. 2, p. 106. Levy Court vs. Ringgold, 2 Cranch, C. C., 659. Oaths and affir- SEC. 905. The district attorney, and every assistant or deputy duly mations. appointe(l by him, is empowered to administer oaths or affirmations 17 June, 1870, c. to witnesses in criminal cases, and in all cases where a justice of the 133, s. 18, v. 16, p. peace is authorized to do so; and if any person to whom such oath or 156. affirmation shall be administered shall willfully and falsely swear or affirm touching any matter or thing material to the point in question whereto he shall be examined, he shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and upon conviction thereof shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor in the penitentiary, for the first offense for a period of not less than two nor more than ten years, and for the second offense for not less thran five nor more than fifteen years. No allowance for SEC. 906. There shall not be allowed to the district attorney any deputy, or for of- compensation for any permanent assistant or (leputy, nor any sum for flee expenses. I Ibidl., so 17. office expenses, clerk-hire, fuel, stationery, or other incidental expenses. To pay his depu- SEC. 907. He shall pay to his deputies or assistants not exceeding, in ties, &e. all, four thousand dollars per annum, also his clerk-hire, not exceeding Ibid. twelve hundred dollars per annum, office-renlt, fuel, stationery, printing, and other incidental expenses, out of' the fees of his office. Fees, how pay- SEC. 908. Such fees shall be paid to him quarterly at the Treasury of able. the United States. on the first days of January, April, July, and OetoIbid. ber, in each year, upon a return in writing made to the Secretary of the Treasury, in such form as the Secretary shall prescribe, embracing all the fees and emoluments of his office, under the oath of the district attorney, and the certificate of a judge or justice of the court wherein the services may have been rendered, that the services for which fees are charged have been performed. Limit, to compen- SEC. 909. The compensation of the district attorney shall not exceed sation. six thousand dollars per annum. Ibid. MARSHAL. Ma rshal, ap- SEC. 910. There shall be a marshal for the District, who shall be poitntment and du- appointed for the same term, take the same oath, give a bond with' ties. sureties in the same manner, and have generally, within the District, 27 Feb., 1801, c. the same powers, and perform the same duties, as provided for marshals s, S. 7, v. 2, p. 106. Of the United States. [s8 eed n 0, 9o, a2s, 2oos, loOO, 100 0079, 107s. See. s. U. S., ~ A-Ui0.] Brent vs. Justices of the Peace, 1 Cranchl, C. C., 434; The Levy Court vs. Teach Ringgold, 5 pefers, 451. CERTAIN OFFICERS OF COURTS. 107 SEc. 911. For the service of any warrant, attachment, summons, Fees in certain capias, or other writ, (except execution, venire, or a summons or sub- cases. puena for a witness,) the marshal shall be allowed one dollar, and no 27 June, 1864, C. more, for each person on whom such service may be made. [See ~ 8.] 196. 13, United States vs. McDonald, 1 Cranch, C. C., 78; Alexander vs. Thomas, 1 Cranch, C. C., 92, 93; Brent vs. Justices of the Peace, 1 Cranch, C. C., 434. SEC. 912. The marshal, or his deputies, may execute and levy execu- Executions i s - tions issued by justices of the peace, for small debts, out of court, when tsed by Justices of the same are put into their hands for that purpose, and for executing or levying such executions are entitled to the same commission, and no 1 Mar., 1823,.74 more, as allowed to constables in such cases. [See ~ 1040.] s 10, v SEC. 913. Where the marshal shall have received money on any judg- Failure of rnarment or execution, not exceeding twenty dollars, by virtue of the pre- shba to pay over'7~~ ~small sums, &c.; ceding section, and shall fail or omit to pay the same to the plaintiff, or proceedings. his agent, when thereto demanded, or shall omit or fail to return any execution within the time limited for such return, it shall be lawful for Ibid. the supreme court of the District, on motion made, five days previous notice being given to the marshal, to enter up judgment, instanter, against him for the amount so received, with interest and costs. SEC. 914. The marshal, in all civil cases, may demand and receive Prepayment o f payment of his fees before serving any process, except in cases in which marshal's fees. the United States may be a party, or of fieri facias, or where the court 17 June, 1870, c. or any justice thereof may order suit to be instituted without prepay- 134, s. 21, v. 16, p. ment of costs. 157. CLERK OF THE SUPREME COURT. SEC. 915. The supreme court shall have power to appoint a clerk, Appoin t m e n t who shall take the oath, and give a bond with sureties, in the manner oaleth, ad ond of prescribed by law for clerks of district courts of thbe United States. LSee R. S. U. S., ~ 794-799.] 3 Mar., 1863, c. 91, s. 2, v. 12, p. 763. Foster vs. Hanson, 1 Cranch, C. C., 12; Patons vs. Lee, 2 Cranch, C. C., 646. SEC. 916. Any of the duties of the clerk may be performed, in his Assistant clerks. name, by any of the assistant clerks in his office; and such assistants 1 June, 1870, c. may sign the name of the clerk to any process, certificate, or other official 115, s. 2, v. 16, p. act required by law or by the practice of the court to be performed by 146. the clerk, and may authenticate said signature by affixing the seal of the court thereto, when the impress of the seal is necessary to its anthentication. In such cases the signature shall be, " —- -, Clerk, by...-, Assistant Clerk." SEC. 917. At the commencement of every suit in the supreme court Plaintiff to mako of the District, the plaintiff shall deposit at least eight dollars with the deposit with clerk. clerk, to be appropriated toward the costs of the suit: and if the plaintiff 27 June, 1864, c. recover against the defendant a judgment with costs; and the costs do 19 s. 3, v 136 p. not amount to eight dollars, the overplus shall be paid back to the x plarlte Lee, 4 plaintiff by the clerk. Cranch, C. C., 197. SEC. 918. Suits may be prosecuted by poor persons upon the order of Poor persons not the court, or of one of the justices, without making the deposit pre- required to make scribed by the preceding section. deposit. Ibid. SEC. 919. The clerk shall furnish copies of all entries in any docket of Copies from jusjustices of the peace in his custody, to persons applying therefor who tices' dockets. may be entitled to receive them. 1 Mar., 1823, c. 24, s. 5, v. 3, p. 744. SEC. 920. Such copies shall be furnished in the same manner and How made. shall have the same effect, as if made by the justices of the peace. Ibid. SEC. 921. All costs and fees for services rendered by the clerk, and Fees from prichargeable to others than the United States, shall bepayable immedi- vate parties, when ately after the services are performed, and shall be collected by such payable. rules and regulations, not incompatible with law, as may be prescribed 16 Aug., 1856, c. by the court? but shall in no case be paid by the United States. 124, s. 6,v. 11, p 50. 108 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Fees allowed in SEC. 922. The fees specified in this section, and no more, shall be certain cases. allowed to the clerk for the following services: 27 June, 1864, c. For all services rendered to the United States, in cases in which the 163, s. 4, v. 13, p. United States is a party of record, five dollars. 1'39. For each marriage license, one dollar. For each certificate of official character, including the seal, fifty cents. Semiaunnual re- SEC. 923. The clerk shall make semi-annual returns of the amount of turn of fees. fees received by him to the Secretary of the Treasury. 3 March, 1873, c. 226, s. 1, v. 17, p. 507. Limit to salary. SEC. 924. The salary, emoluments, and fees of the clerk shall not Ibid. exceed the sum of six thousand dollars per annum, and the excess of fees collected by him, after defraying the necessary expenses of his office, shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States. Adjustmen t of SEC. 925. The clerk's accounts of his earnings and expenses shall be accounts. adjusted by the regular auditor of the court, or by a special auditor to 28 July, ls86, c. be appointed by the court for the purpose, within thirty days after the,94, s. 2, v. 14, p. first day of January and July, every year; and the auditor shall imme3039. diately report his adjustment to the court, with such exceptions thereto as the clerk shall, within four days after the adjustment reported, take and file with the auditor. Decreeofthecourt,. SEC. 926. The court shall pronounce such decree upon the report and lbid., s. 3. -exceptions as may seem to it equitable and just; and such decree shall be final, and be binding upon the United States and the clerk. Accounts, Lo w SEC. 927. If, upon such account, a balance be found due from the settled. clerk to the United States, the court shall order payment by the clerk Ibid. into the Treasury, and enforce its order by execution, process of contempt, or otherwise; and if the clerk refuse to pay the money, shall remove him from office. If a balance be found due from the United States to the clerk, the same shall be paid upon presenting to the Treasurer a copy of the decree, duly certified. Copy of decree. SEC. 928. The clerk shall, as in other cases of judgments to which Ibid., s. 4. the United States is a party, furnish the Solicitor of the Treasury a copy of the decree, immediately after it is pronounced. CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN. REGISTER OF. WILLS. Sec. Sec. 929. Appointment and duties of register. 933. Table of fees to be posted. 930. Bond of register. 934. Forfeiture for neglect. 931. Fees. 935. Penalty for taking excessive fees. 932. Additional fees allowed, when. 936. Record-books and dockets. Appoi in t m en t SEC. 929. There shall be appointed for the District a register of wills, and duties of regis- who shall take an oath for the faithful and impartial discharge of the cr- 27 Feb. 180 duties of his office, and who shall have all the powers and perform all - 27 Feb., 18012,. the duties which were exercised and performed by the registers of wills 15, s. 12 V 2, P. of the orphans' court, within the State of Maryland, prior to the twentyseventh day of February, eighteen hundred and one. [See ~~ 63, 90, 144.1 Bond of register. SEC. 930. The register of wills shall, before he acts as such, give a 21 June, 1870, c. bond to the United States, with two or more sureties, to be approved 138, s. 1, V. 16, p. of by the chief justice of the supreme court of the District, in the sum 160. of five thousand dollars, faithfully to discharge the duties of his office and seasonably to record the decrees and orders of the justice of the supreme court holding the special term for orphans' court business for the District, and all wills proved before him or the court, and all other matters directed to be recorded in the court or in the office of the register, which bond shall be entered in full upon the minutes of the court, and the original filed with the records thereof. SEGISTER OF WILLS. 109 SEC. 931. There shall be allowed and paid to the register of wills the Fees. following fees: 26 May, 184, c For every probate of will, where there is no controversy, one dollar; 19i, s. 1, v. 4, pp. For granting letters testamentary, seventy-five cents; 71-73. Annexing will, for one hundred words, twelve and one-half cents;.25 June, 1864. c, For recording wills and other instruments, fifteen cents per folio of 158, v. 13, p. 194. one hundred words; For granting letters of administration, seventy-five cents; Every bond taken of executors, administrators, or guardians, and recording the same, one dollar and fifty cents; For filing and entering renunciation of executors, or widows, twentyfive cents; For exemplification of letters testamentary, or letters of administration, under seal, one dollar; For issuing warrant, under seal, to appraisers, and warrant to swear them, fifty cents; For notice of administrators to creditors, and orders thereon, fifty cents; For entering caveat, twenty-five cents; For issuing citation, under seal, fifty cents; For administering every oath or affirmation, six and one-fourth cents; For filing list of articles appraised, twenty-five cents; For filing list of articles sold at vendue, twenty-five cents; For recording the same, (if ordered by the court,) for every hundred words, fifteen cents; For stating, passing, and filing the account of an executor, acdministrator, or guardian, not exceeding seventy-five items, three dollars; every additional item, two cents; For examining vouchers, passing, and filing the account of an executor, administrator, or guardian, (not stated by the register,) and not exceeding seventy-five items, two dollars; every additional item, two cents; For copy of same, under seal, if demanded. not exceeding one hundred items, one dollar; every additional item, two cents; seal and certificate, thirty-seven and one-half cents; For subpcena, thirty-seven and one-half cents; all witnesses to be put into one subpoena, unless separate ones are required by the party; lor every name after the first, six and one-fourth cents; For subpoena duces tecum, under seal, fifty cents; F'or every search, where no other service is performed for which fees are allowed, eighteen and three-fourth cents; For making out, and filing, the balance of distribution of deceased persons' estate, for each heir, one dollar; For taxing all costs, in any one case, twenty-five cents; For a writ of execution, on a definite sentence, under seal, seventyfive cents; For recording, and filing, each indenture of apprentice, including the court's taking recognizance for same, or its approval when done by a justice of the peace, seventy-five cents; For drawing depositions of witnesses, for every hundred words, twelve and a half cents; For filing all other papers, (except as above required,) four cents each; For entering appearance of party under process, twelve and one-half cents; For entering return of process, twelve and one-half cents; For every continuance or reference, chargeable to the applicants, twelve and one-half cents; For commission to examine witnesses, or to auditors, under seal, one dollar; For commission to value orphans' estate, in the hands of guardians, under seal, one dollar; 110 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. For entering every order of court, twelve cents and one-half; if more than one hundred words, then at the rate of twelve and one-half cents per hundred; For copying any paper, for one hundred words, twelve and one-half cents; seal and certificate, thirty-seven and one-half cents; For filing petition or report, and entering the same on record, (if ne. cessary,) fifty cents; if more than one hundred words, at the rate of fifteen cents per hundred; For entering judgment, or rule of court, twenty-five cents; copy of same, if demanded, for every hundred words twelve and one-half cents; seal and certificate, thirty-seven and one-half cents; For entering every motion in court, twelve and one-half cents; For entering appointment of guardian, with certificate and seal of said appointment, one dollar; every additional word included in the same certificate, twelve and one-half cents; For issuing attachments and entering motion therefor, seventy-five cents; For taking a recognizance, twenty-five cents; For warrant to marshal to summon jury, under seal, seventy-five cents; For entering panel of jury, and swearing them, fifty cents; For taking, filing, and recording, every bond, not provided for in this section, one dollar; For passing an account against the estate of a deceased person, twelve and a half cents; to be paid by the applicant, and not to be refunded. Additional fees SEC. 932. The court may allow to the register reasonable fees for any allowedvl, wvhen. service he may render not specified in the preceding section. 26 May, 1824, c. 191, s. 3, v. 4, p. 73. Table of fees to SEC. 933. The register is required to make fair tables of his fees, be posteid. agreeably to the provisions of this chapter, and to post the same in Ibid., s. 2, p. 73. some conspicuous place in his office, for the inspection of all persons who may have business therein. Forfeitur e for SEC. 934. The register shall forfeit for each (lay such tables shall be negflect. missing through his neglect the sum of ten dollars, to be recovered as Ibid. other debts of the same amount are recoverable, 0oe-half to the District, and one-half to the informer. Penalty for tak- SEC. 935. If the register, or. any person for him, shall take greater inlg excessive fees. fees than provided for in this chapter, such officer shall forfeit and pay Ibil., s. 3. the party injured fifty dollars, to be recovered as debts of the same amount are recoverable. Record-books and SEC. 936. The register shall be allowed by the District for all recorddockets. books and dockets necessarily furnished for his office. Ibid., s. 4. CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT. GUARDIAN AND WARD. Sec. Sec. 937. Appointment of guardian. 949. Guardian ad interim. 9.38. Bond to be required. 950. Notice of supersedure. 939. Natural guardian to give bond and 951. Guardian, &c., of minor or lunatic to account. nay act in the District. 940. Special guardian may be appointed, 952. May receive'money and convey propwhen. erty. 941. Additional security may be required, 953. Proof of bond. when. 954. Certain payments sufficient. 942. Notice to guardian. 955. Evidence of security. 943. Dismissal and new appointment. 956. Evidence of appointment. 944. Enforcemcnt of order of the court. 957. Sale of infant's estate; petition of 945. Counter security. guardian. 946. Election of guardian by orphan. 958. What petition must state. 947. Approval by the court. 959. Parties defendant, who are.'3948,Removal of guardian elected. 960. Evidence required before decree. GUARDIAN AND WARD. 111 Sec. Sec. 961. Requisites to render decree of sale 967. Security to be required. lawful. 968. In case of infant's death. 962. Costs. 969. When there are limitations over. 963. No sale to be decreed, when. 970. Application and proof. 964. Guardian not to be a purchaser. 971. Parties defendant, who are. 965. Manner of sale. 972. Evidence, how taken. 966. Proceeds, how to be invested andle 973. Disposal of proceeds. applied. SEC. 937. The supreme court of the District has power to appoint a Appointment, of guardian or guardians to any infant orphan entitled or have right or guardian. claim to any property, real, personal, or mixed, within the jurisdiction 20 Feb., 1846, c. of the court, or whose person and residence may be within such juris- 8, s. 1, v. 9, p. 4. diction, except when such orphan may have a testamentary guardian. Barclay vs. Govers, 1 Cranch, C. C., 147; Reinhart vs. Orme, 1 Cranch, C. C., 244; Mauro vs. Ritchie, 3 Cranch, C. C., 147; Smoot vs. Bell, 3 Cranch, C. C., 343. SEC. 938. The court shall require of guardians so appointed, and. of Bond to be retestamentary guardians, unless directed otherwise by the will appoint- quired. ing them, bond, with good and sufficient surety, as required by law. Ibid. United States vs. Litle, 3 Cranch, C. C., 251; United Slates-vs. Nicholls, 4 Cranch, C. C., 191; United States for the use of Godey vs. Bender, 5 Cranch, C. C., 620. SEC. 939. When any infant, whose father may be living, shall, by Natural guardian gift or otherwise, be entitled to any property separate from the father, to give bond and it shall be lawful for the court to compel the father, as natural guardian, ab. to give bond and security to account, for the property, and to compel himn to account, as guardians in other cases. SEC. 940. If the father shall fail or refuse to give such bond, or at his Special guardian request, the court shall have power to appoint a special guardian to may be appointed, take charge of the property, who shall give bond and security as in when. other cases, but with condition to suit the case. Ibil. SEC. 941. In all cases the court shall have power, when it has good Additional secucause to believe that the interests of the ward require, to compel any rity may be reguardian to give additional, other, or further security, in such time as quircd, when. the court may direct. Ibic., s. 2, p. 4. SEC. 942. No order shall be made directing a guardian to give new Notice to guardsecurity, until he shall have been duly summoned to show cause against, ian. or have had ten days' notice in writing of, the intended application. Ibid. SEC. 943. Upon the failure of any guardian to comply with.the order Dismissal an d of court directing such security, the court shall have power and authority, new appointment. and it shall be their duty to dimiss such guardian from office, and Ibid. appoint another in his stead, and order the estate of the ward to be forthwith delivered to the newly-appointed guardian. SEC. 944. The court shall have power, by fine or imprisonment, or any Elnforcement of legal process, to compel and enforce a compliance with its order, or may, order of the court. where it can be so done, order the marshal to take possession of and Ibid. deliver the property. SEC. 945. If any surety of a guardian, by petition to the court, setting Counter security. forth that he apprehends himself to be in danger of suffering thereby, 8 August, 1846, c shall pray that he may be relieved, the court, after a summons to 97, s. 2, v. 9, p. 72. answer the petition shall have been served upon the guardian, or a copy of such summons left at the place of his usual abode, shall order him to give counter security for the complete indemnity of the original surety, or to deliver the ward's estate into the hands of the surety, or of some other person; in either of which cases the court shall take sufficient security of the person in whose hands the ward's estate shall be delivered, and may make such further order for the relief of the petitioner as shall seem just. SEC. 946. Every orphan or other infant, to whom the supreme court Election of guaris authorized to apipoint a guardian, shall be entitled, on arriving at dian by orphan. the age of fourteen years, or at any age between fourteen and twenty- Ibid., s. 1, pp. 71, one years, notwithstanding any appointment of guardian before made 72 by the court, to elect a guardian for himself. 112 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Approval-by the SEC. 947. The court shall approve the character and competency of court. the person so elected guardian, and shall require of him such security, 8 August, 1846, and exercise toward him all such jurisdiction and powers for compelc. 97, s. 1, v. 9, PP. ling the faithful administration of his trust, as provided in the cases of 71, ~72. guardians appointed by the court. Reinoval of guar- SEC. 948. If the court, in the due exercise of its jurisdiction and powers, dmial elected. shall see fit to supersede and remove such guardian, or if such guardian Ibid. die, or become incompetent during the minority of the orphan, the court shall forthwith cite the orphan to appear and make a new election of guardian, which the orphan may do under the same conditions and restrictions as are prescribed in respect to the original election of guardian. GCnrdian ad in- SEC. 949. For the interval of time between the removal. death, or torim. incompetency, of the first elected guardian, and the new election of Ibidl. another by the orphan, the court may, if it deem expedient, appoint a guardian ad interim until such new election be made; taking such security of the guardian ad interim, and exercising over him such jnrisdiction and powers, as required and given in the cases of other guardians. Notice of super- SEC. 950. Where a guardian is to be superseded by an election, as Se(1llle. aprovided in the preceding sections, he shall have notice of the applicaIbid. tion by summons, or in writing. Guardiau, &c., of SEC. 951. It shall be lawful for any person, appointed the committee minor 6 r Innatic of a lunatic, or the guardian of a minor or lunatic, by the proper authormay act in the Dis- ity in any State or Territory of the United States, to institute and prost-ict eecute to final judgment any suit or action in the courts of the District, 8 March, P1{64, c. as he might have done if his authority as such guardian or committee. 2i, s. 1,v. 1:3, pp. 18, had been derived from the proper tribunals of the District. M a y r cc i v e SEC. 952. Such committee or guardian may in the same manner colmoney aud convey lect and receive any sum of money due to such lunatic or minor, and property. may by deed, duly executed, release and convey to any party entitled to Ibid. the same, whether by purchase or otherwise, any lands or estates situated in the District, the property of such lunatic or minor, or to or upon which such lunatic or minor may have a claim or mortgage, in the same manner as he might have done if his authority had been derived from the tribunals of the District. Proof of bond. SEC. 953. Such committee or guardian, before making conveyance of Iblgid.l real estate or release of claim, or mortgage thereon, shall file in the supreme court of the District the official certificate of the judge of the court from which he derived his appointment that he has given a sufficient bond to account to the minor or lunatic for all sums of money received by virtue of the authority conferred by the two preceding sections. Certai n pay- SEC. 954. All payments made within the District prior to March ments sufficient. eighth, eighteen hundred and sixtytfour, to the committee or guardian Ibid., s. 2. of a lunatic or the guardian of a minor duly appointed at the domicile of the lunatic or minor out of the District, in the United States, shall be good and sufficient. Evidence of so- SEC. 955. The guardian or committee shall in such cases file in the curity. supreme court of the District the official certificate of the judge of the Ibid. court from which such committee or guardian derived his appointment, that he has given sufficient bond to account to the minor or lunatic for all payments so made. Eividence of ap- SEC. 956. In all cases the evidence of the appointment and authority pointment. of such committee or guardian shall be first recorded in the office of the Ibid. supreme court of the District. SALE OF INFANT'S ESTATE BY GUARDIAN. Sale of infant's SEC. 957. The guardian of any infant may file a bill in the supreme estate; petition of court forthe sale of such infant's real estate, or part thereof, when he tgtuerdian. shall think that the interests of his ward will be promoted thereby. 3 iMarch, 1843, c. 87, s. 1, v. 5, p. 621. GUARDIAN AND WARD. 113 SEC. 958. Such bill shall be verified by the oath of the guardian, and W h a t petition shall set forth plainly and- distinctly all the estate, real and personal, to must state. lwhich the infant is entitled, and all the facts which, in the opinion of 3 March, 1843, c. the guardian, are calculated to show whether the interest of his ward 87, s. 1,v. 5, pp. 621, will be promoted by such sale or not. 622. SEc. 959. The infant, together with those who would be heirs to the Parties defendeatate if he were dead, shall be made parties defendant, and it shall be ant, who are. the duty of the court to appoint some fit and disinterested person to be Ibid., p. 6V2. guardian ad litem for the infant, who shall answer the bill on oath; the infant, also, if above the age of fourteen years, shall answer the bill in proper person on oath. SEc. 960. Whether the answer to the plaintiff's bill admit the facts Evidence requiralleged or not, commissions for taking depositions shall be awarded; ed before decree. and before the court shall have authority to decree a sale, every fact Ibid., p. 62. material to ascertain the propriety thereof shall be proved by clear and credible evidence, given by disinterested witnesses; depositions to be taken in the presence of the guardian ad litem, or upon interrogatories agreed upon by him. SEC. 961. Ift upon hearing the cause, it shall be proved, to the satis- Requisites to renfaction of the court, by evidence taken in accordance with the preceding der decree of sale section, that the interest of the infant manifestly requires the sale of his lawful. real estate, wholly or in part, and if in the opinion of the court the rights Ibid., s. 3, p. 622. of others will not be violated thereby, the court may decree such sale. SEC. 962. If a sale be decreed, the costs of the suit shall be paid out Costs of the estate of the infant; otherwise the costs shall be paid by the plaintiff Ibid., s. 6, p. 622. SEC. 963. No sale of an infant's real estate shall be decreed under the No sale to be deprovisions of this chapter, if the testator from whom such estate is de- creed; when. rived shall, by his last will and testament, have expressly directed Ibid. otherwise. SEC. 964. In no case shall the guardian or the guardian ad litem be Guardian not to admitted a purchaser at such sale, either by himself or through another, be a purchaser. or in any manner whatever become the owner of the real estate during Ibid. the infancy of the ward. SEC. 965. All sales shall be made in such manner and upon such terms Manner of sale. of credit as the court may direct, always retaining a lien upon the Ibid.,s. 3, p. 622. estate for the payment of the purchase-money. SEC. 966. The proceeds of sale shall be invested and applied for the Proceeds; h o w benefit of the infant, either in the purchase of other real estate or in to be invested and such other manner as the court shall think best. applied Ibid., s. 4, p. 622. SEC. 967. In whatever hands the proceeds of the sale may be placed, Security to be rethe court shall require ample security that they shall be faithfully quired. applied in such manner as the court may direct. Ibid. SEC. 968. If the infant, after any such sale, shall die intestate, under In case of inthe age of twenty-one years, the proceeds, or so much thereof as may fant's death. remain at his death, shall be considered as real estate, and shall pass Ibid., s. 5, p. 622. accordingly to such persons as would have been entitled to the estate if it had not been sold. SALE OF ESTATE OF TENANTS FOR LIFE. SEC. 969. Where real estate is limited by deed or will to one or more Sale, when there for life or lives, with a contingent limitation over to such issue of one are limit a t i o n s or more of the tenants for life as shall be living at the death of their over. parent or parents, and the deed or will does not prohibit a sale, the 18 August, 1856, supreme court of the District may, upon the application of the tenants c. 163v. 11, pp. 118, for life, and if the court shall be of the opinion that it is expedient to 119. do so, order a sale of such estate, and decree to the purchaser an absolute and complete title in fee-simple. SEC. 970. Application for the sale of such real estate shall be by bill in Application and equity, verified by the oath of the party or parties, in which all the facts proof. shall be distinctly set forth, upon the existence of which it is claimed Ibid. I S I —8 114 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. to be expedient that such sale should be decreed; which facts shall be proven by competent testimony. Parties defend- SEC. 971. Such of the issue contemplated by the limitation as shall ant, who are. be in existence at the time of the application for the sale of the real 18 August, 1856, estate shall be made parties defendant to the bill, and if minors, by c. 163, v. 11, pp. guardian ad litem, together with all who would take the estate in case 118, 119. the limitation over should never vest; and such of the parties defendant as shall be of the age of fourteen years or more shall answer in proper person, on oath. Evidence, how SEC. 972. And all evidence shall be taken upon notice to the parties takell, and to the guardian ad litem. Ibid. Disposal of pro- SEC. 973. The proceeds of the sale of such real estate shall be held ceeds. under the control and subject to the order of the court, and shall be Ibid. vested, under its order and supervision, upon real and personal security, or in Government securities; and the same shall, to all intents and purposes, be deemed real estate and stand in the place of the real estate from the sale of which such proceeds have arisen, and, as such real estate, be subject to the limitations of the deed or will. CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE, EXECUTORS AND ADM1IHNISTRATORS. Sec. Sec. 974. When additional security may be 977. How powers of court may be exerrequired of administrators, &c. cised. 975. Removal by the court. 978. Summons and notice. 976. Unadministered assets. When additional SEC. 974. In all cases where the court appoints administrators, or securitymaybe re- takes bond from any executor to a last will and testament, and shall at quired of administrLators, &c. any time become satisfied that the security is insufficient, by reason of the removal or insolvency of any of the sureties in the bond, or by 20 Feb., 1846, c. reason of the penalty of the bond being too smnall, or from any other 8, s. 3, v. 9, pp. 4, 5. cause, it shall be lawful for the court to order and require the administrator or executor to give other or further security. Removal by the SEC. 975. The court shall have power to remove any administrator court. or executor who fails or refuses to comply with such order, and to Ibic. appoint an administrator in his stead. UDnadministe re d SEC. 976. The court shall further have power to order and require assets. ally assets or estate of the decedent, which may remain unadministered, Ibid. to be delivered to the newly-appQinted administrator de bonis non, and to enforce a compliance with such order by fine and attachment, or any other legal process. How powers of - SEC. 977. The powers granted to the court by the preceding sections, court may be exer- may be exercised by the court ex officio, or on the application of any cised. one interested. Ibid., s. 4. Summons - and SEC. 978. In all cases each administrator or executor shall be first notice. summoned to show cause against such orders, or have ten days' notice, Ibid., s. 3. in writing, of the intended application. NOTARIES PUBLIC. 115 CHAPTER THIRTY. NOTARIES PUBLIC. Sec. Sec. 979. Oath and bond of notaries. 986. Acknowledgments, oaths, &c. 980. Notarial seal. 987. Records; certified copies.. 981. Impression to be deposited, where. 988. Original protest to be prima-facie 982. Seal and records not liable to execu- - evidence. tion. 989. Certificate to be like evidence. 983. Authority of notaries public; foreign 990. Fees. bills. 991. Penalty for taking higher fees. 984. Acts for use and effect beyond the 992. Records in case of death, &c. District. 993. Public holidays; legal effect. 985. Inland bills; protests. SEC. 979. Each notary public, before entering upon the duties of his Oath and bond office, shall take the oath prescribed for civil officers in the District, and of notaries. slhall give bond to the United States in the sum of two thousand dollars, 8 April, 1864, c. with security to be approved by the supreme court, or a justice thereof, 51, s. 2, v. 13, p. 44. for the faithful discharge of the duties of his office. [see ~~ 62, 85.] SEC. 980. Each notary public shall provide a notarial seal, with which Notarial seal. he shall authenticate all his official acts. Ibid., s. 7, p. 45. SEc. 981. He shall deposit an impression of his official seal in the Impression to be office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District, deposited, where. Ibid. SEC. 982. A notary's official seal and his records and official documents Seal and records shall be exempt from execution. not liable to eecution. Ibid. SEc. 983. Notaries public shall have authority to demand acceptance Authority of noand payment of foreign bills of exchange, and to protest the same for taries public; fornon-acceptance and non-payment, and to exercise such other powers eign bills. and duties as, by the law of nations, and according to commercial usages, Ibid, s. 3, p. 44. notaries public may do. SEc. 984. They may also perform such other acts, for use and effect Acts for use and beyond the jurisdiction of the District, as, according to the law of any Dffect beyond the State or Territory of the United States, or any foreign government in amity with the United States, may be performed by notaries public. Ibid. SEEc. 985. Notaries public may also demand acceptance of inland bills Inland bills; proof exchange, and payment thereof, and of promissory notes, and may tests. protest the same for non-acceptance or non-payment, as the case may Ibid., s. 4. require.;SEc. 986. Each notary public shall have power to take and to certify Ackn o wle d gthe acknowledgment or proof of powers of attorney, mortgages, deeds, meuts, oaths, &c. and other instruments of writing, the acknowledgment of any convey- Ibid., s. 5, pp. 44, ance, or other instrument of writing executed by any married woman, 45. to take depositions, and to administer oaths and affirmations in all matters incident or belonging to the duties of his office, and to take affidavits to be used before any court, judge, or officer within the Distriet. [See R. S. U. S., ~~ 863,1778.] SEC. 987. Each notary public shall keep a fair record of all his official Records; certiacts, except such as are mentioned in the preceding section, and when fied copies. required shall give a certified copy of any record in his office to any Ibid., s. 6, p. 45. person, upon payment of the fees therefor. SEC. 988. The original protest of a notary public, under his hand and Original protest official seal, of any bill of exchange, or promissory note for non-accept- to be prima-facio ance or non-payment, stating the presentment by him of such bill of evidence. exchange or note for acceptance or payment, and the non-acceptance or Ibid.) s. 9. non-payment thereof, and the service of notice on any of the parties to such bill of excharnge or promissory note, and specifying the mode of giving such notice, and the reputed place of residence of the party to whom the same was given, and the post-office nearest thereto, shall be primna-facie evidence of the facts contained therein. g11 6 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Ccrtificate to -be SEC. 989. The certificate of a notary public, under his hand and seal li-keo evidence. of office, drawn from his record, stating the protest and the facts therein 8 April, 1864, c. recorded, shall be evidence of the facts in like manner as the original 51, a. 9, v. 13, p. 45. protest. Fees. SEC. 990. The fees of notaries public shall be: Ibid., s 10. For each certificate and seal, fifty cents; Takin~ depositions or other writings, for each one hundred words, ten cents; Administering an oath, fifteen cents; Taking acknowledgment of a deed or power of attorney, with certificate thereof, fifty cents; Every protest of a bill of exchange or promissory note, and recording the same, one dollar and seventy-five cents; Each notice of protest, ten cents; Each demand for acceptance or payment, if accepted or paid, one dollar, to be paid by the party accepting or paying the same; Each noting of protest, one dollar. Penalty for tak- SEC. 991. Any notary public who shall take a higher fee than is preinb higher See.rscribed bIy the preceding section shall pay a fine of one hundred dollars Ibid. land be removed from office by the supreme court of the District. Records in case SEC. 992. Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of any of death, &c. notary public, his records, together with all his official papers, shall be Ibid., s. 8. deposited in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District. PUBLIC HOLIDAYS. Certain holidays SEC. 993. The following days, namely: The first day of January, established; legal commonly called New-Year's day; the fourth day of July; the twentyef/ect. fifth day of December, commonly called Christmas day; and any day 28 June, 1870, c. appointed or recommended by the President of the United States as a day 167, v. 16, p. 168. of public fast or thanksgiving, shall be holidays within the District, and shall, for all purposes of presenting for payment or acceptance, for the maturity and protest, and giving notice of the dishonor of bills of exchange, bank-checks, and promissory notes, or other negotiable or coinmercial paper, be treated and considered as is the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday, and all notes, drafts, checks, or other commercial or negotiable paper falling due or maturing on either of said holidays shall be deemed as having matured on the day previous. CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE. JUSTICES OF THI PEACE. Sec. Sec. 994. Term and oath of office. 1009. Parties may demand a trial by jury. 995. General powers and duties. 1010. Venire. 996. Rules and forms to be prescribed by 1011. Qualifications ofjurors. supreme court. - 1012. Talesmen. 997. Jurisdiction. 1013. Oath of jurors. 998. Not to exercise criminal jurisdiction. 1014. Trial. 999. May issue warrants returnable to po- 1015. Constable's oath. lice court. 1016. Verdict. 1000. Justices to keep docket, &c. 1017. Judgment and execution. 1001. Liability for failure. 1018. Fieri facias. 1002. Non-residents to give security for 1019. Property subject to execution. costs..1020. Execution upon copy of judgment. 1003. Original writs. 1021. Plaintiff's receipt. 1004. Removal of causes. 1022. Judgments a liens, when. 1005. Witnesses. 1023. Stay of execution. 1006. Trials and judgments, 1024. How entered. 1007. Interest on judgmencts. 1025. When no stay shall be allowed. 1008. Renewal of jucldgments. 1026. Expiration of time. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 117 Sec. Sec. 1027. Appeals to supreme court. 1032. Dockets to be delivered to clerk, 1028. Bond on appeal. when. 1029. Papers to be filed. 1033. Penalty for neglect. 1030. Commission of justice void, when. 1034. Fees, how established. 1031. Removal by supreme court. SEC. 994. Justices of the peace shall be appointed for the term of three Term and oath years, and shall take an oath for the faithful and impartial discharge of of office. the duties of their office. [See ~~ 62, 85.] 27 Feb., 1801, c. 15, s. 11, v. 2, p. 107. 17 May, 1848, c.42, s. 15, v. 9, p. 229. Wise vs. Withers, 3 Cranch, 330; Neale vs. Minifie, 2 Cranch, C. C., 16. SEC. 995. They shall have all the powers vested in, and perform all General powers the duties required of, justices of the peace, as individual magistrates, and duties. by the laws in force within the District. Ibid. Holmead vs. Smith, 5 Cranch, C. C., 343; Homans vs. Moore, 5 Cranch, C. C., 505. SEC. 996. The supreme court of the District sball make and establish Rules and forms rules of practice, and prepare and publish forms of pleadings, for bring- to be prescribed by ing all forms of actions, and the trial thereof; before justices of the peace. supreme court. 22 Feb., 1867, c,. JURISDICTION. 63, s. 2, v. 14, p. 402. SEC. 997. Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases Jurisdiction. where the amount clairmed to be due for debt or damages arising out of Ibid., s.1, pp 401 contracts, express or implied, or damages for wrongs or injuries to per- 402. sons or property, does not exceed one hundred dollars, except in cases Rutter vs. Merinvolving the title to real estate, actions to recover damages for assault, chant, 1 Crauch, C. or assault and battery, or for malicious prosecution, or actions against C., 36; Ritchie's justices of the peace or other officers for misconduct in office, or in actions adumr. vs. Stone, 2 for slander, verbal or written. Adamsch, C. Kincaid, Adams vs. Kincaid, 2 Cranch, 422; O'Neil vs. Hogan, 2 Cranch, C. C., 524; Kennedy vs. Gorman, 4 Cranch, C. C., 347; Lenox vs. Arguelles, 4 Cranch, C. C., 477; Nicholls vs. Corporation, 4 Craunch, C. C., 576; Moore vs. Waters, 5 Cranch, C. C., 283. SEC. 998. They shall not exercise any jurisdiction over crimes and Not to exercise offenses, either for examination to commit or hold to bail, or for final criminal jurisdicjudgment. tion. 17 July, 1870, c. 133, s. 19, v. 16, p. 156. SEC. 999. Any justice of the peace may, on complaint under oath May issue waror actual view, issue warrants, returnable to the police-court, against rants returnable to persons accused of crimes and offenses committed in the District, and police-court. he shall make a record of his proceedings in every case, in a book to be Ibid., pp. 156,157. kept for that purpose. DOCKET. SEC. 1000. Justices of the peace shall keep a docket, and make regu- Justices to keep lar entries therein of their proceedings in all cases, and shall furnish docket, &c. a copy of allny judgment rendered by them, when required by either 1 March, 1823, c. party to the suit. 24, v. 3, s. 3, p. 743. SEC. 1001. If any justice of the peace shall omit to keep a docket Liability for failor be guilty of any other negligence or omission, by which the plaintiff, ure. having obtained a judgment before such justice, shall lose his debt, Ibid., s.4. the justice shall pay and s:atisfy to the plaintiff the debt, interest, and costs, so lost, to be recovered against the defaulting justice for the amount, together with any interest that may have accrued thereon. COMMENCEMENIT AND REMOVAL OF SUITS. Sec. 1002. Non-residents of the District shall not commence suit Non-residenits to before any justice of the peace without first giving sufficientsecurity give security for for costs. costs. 22 F'eb., 1867', c. 63, s. 7, v. 14, p. 402. 118 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Original writs. SEC. 1003. Justices of the peace may issue original writs in civil 22Fob.,1867,c.63, cases, returnable before themselves. s. 4, v. 14, p. 402. White vs. Corporation, 2 Cranch, C. C., 337. Removal of SEC. 1004. Any party to such suit, his agent or attorney, may have causes. the cause removed to the nearest justice upon filing an affidavit with Ibid. the justice issuing the writ, on the return-day or day of trial of the Boothe vs. Cor- action, that he does not believe said justice will give him a fair and poration, 2 Cranch, impartial trial on account of prejudice or other reasonable cause. C. C., 356. WITNESSES. Witnesses. SEC. 1005. Justices of the peace have power to compel the attendance 17 May, 1848, o. of witnesses by attachment, and to punish them by fine not exceeding 42, s. 14, v. 9 p. 229. ten dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding ten days, for refusing obedience to a summons. TRIAL AND JUDGMENT. Trials and judg- SEC. 1006. It shall be lawful for any justice of the peace in all cases ments. within his jurisdiction to try, hear, and determine the matter in con1 March, 1823,.'troversy between the creditor and debtor, their executors and adminis24s., v.3, p. 743 trators, and upon full hearing of the allegations and evidence of both Cranch, C. C., 124; parties, to give judgment, according to law and the equity and right of Ennis vs. Holmead, the matter. 5 Cranch, C. C., 509. Interest on jucdg- SEC. 1007. Judgments shall bear interest from their date until paid ments. or satisfied. Ibid. RENEWAL OF JUDGMENT. Renewalofjudg- SEC. 1008. Where a judgment shall have continued for more than one ments. year, and shall not be paid or satisfied, it shall be lawful for the justice Ibid.,s. l,p. 745. before whom the judgment shall have been obtained, or for any other justice of the peace, to revive the same by scire facias, which shall be made returnable on a certain day, not exceeding forty days from the time of issuing the same, to himself, or any other justice of the peace in the District. JURY TRIALS. Parties may de- SEC. 1009. In every action where the sum demanded shall exceed mand a trial by twenty dollars, it shall be lawful for either of the parties to the suit, jlury. after issue joined, and before the justice shall proceed to inquire into Ibid., s. 15,p.746. the merits of the cause, to demand of the justice that such action be tried by a jury. Venire. SEC. 1010. Upon such demand the justice shall issue a venire, under I~bicd. his hand and seal, directed to any constable of the District, comnmanding him to summon twelve jurors, to be and appear before the justice issuing such venire, at such time and place as shall be therein expressed. Qualification of SEC. 1011. The jurors thus summoned shall possess the qualifications jurors. and be subject tothe exceptions provided forjurors by law. [See ~~ 872, 8s5.] Ibid. Talesmen. SEC. 1012. If anly of the persons summoned and returned as jurors shall not appear, or shall be challenged and set aside, the justice before Ibid., 5. 16. whom the cause is to be tried shall direct the constable to summon, and return forthwith, talesmen, so as to make tip the number of twelve, after all causes of challenge are disposed of by the justice. Oath of jurors. SEC. 1013. The twelve persons shall be the jury whoshall try the - - cause, each of whom shall be sworn by the justice, well and truly to try bid. ~the matter in dift'rence between the parties, and a true verdict to give, according to evidence. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 119 SEC. 1014. The jury being sworn, shall sit together, and hear the Trial. proofs and allegations of the parties in public. 1 Mar., 1823, C. -24, s. 16, v. 3, p. 746. Denny vs. Queen, 3 Cranch, C. C., 217; Smith vs. Chase, 3 Cranch, C. C., 348. SEC. 1015. The justice shall then administer to the constable the fol- Constable's oath. lowing oath: " You do swear, that you will keep this jury together in Ibid., p. 746,747. some private room, without meat or drink, except water; that you will not suffer any person to speak to them, nor will you speak to them yourself unless by order of the justice, until they have agreed on their verdict." SEC. 1016. When the jurors have agreed on their verdict, they shall Verdict. deliver the same publicly to the justice. Ibid., p. 747. SEC. 1017. The justice shall give judgment thereon forthwith, and Judgment and may issue execution accordingly. execution. Ibid. EXECUTIONS. SEC. 1018. Justices of the peace are authorized to issue writs of exe- Fieri facias. cution in all cases in which they are empowered to render judgment. Ibid.,s. 13, p.746. fSee ~ 912.1 SE1C. 1019. The plaintiff is entitled to have his execution against the Property subject goods and chattels, lands and tenements, rights and credits of the defend- to execution. ant, subject to the exemptions mentioned in section seven hundred and 24 June, 1812, c. ninety-seven. [See ~~ 797, 603, 982, 1286.] 106, s. 15, v. 2, p. 759. 5 Feb., 1867, c. 30, v. 14, pp. 389, 390. SEC. 1020. Upon a copy of any judgment rendered by a justice of the Execution upon peace, any other justice of the peace is authorized to issue execution in copy of judgment. the same manner as executions are issued by the clerk of the supreme 1 March, 1823, c. court of the District, which shall be returned within twenty days after 24, s. 3, v. 3, p. 743. being issued, to the justice who gave the judgment. SEC.'1021. No return, judgment, or execution, shall be received or Plaintiiftsreceipt. recorded as satisfied, by justices of the peace, without the receipt of the Ibid.,s. 10, p. 745. plaintiff annexed thereto. LIENS. SEC. 1022. After judgment for a debt amounting with interest to Judgments a twenty dollars, exclusive of costs, before a justice of the peace, the judg- lien, when. ment-creditor may, when execution is returned "No personal property i June, 1870, c. found whereon to levy," file in the clerk's office of the supreme court of 115, s. 2,v. 16, pp. the District a certified copy of such judgment, which shall be docketed 146, 147. in the docket of law causes in said office, in the same manner as appeals from justices are docketed there; and when so docketed, the force and effect of the judgment shall be the same, as to lien and execution, as it it had been a judgment of the supreme court. SUPERSEDEAS. SEC. 1023. On all judgments rendered by ajustice of the peace, except Stay of execuas provided in section ten hundred and twenty-five stay of execution tion. may be had upon good and sufficient security being entered by a person 22 Feb., 1867, c. who may be at the time the owner of sufficient property located in the 63, s. 3, v. 14, p. 402. District, above all liabilities and exemptions, to secure the debt, costs, and interest. SEC. 1024. In such cases stay of execution shall be entered as fol- How entered. lows: Ibid For the sum of five dollars, and not exceeding twenty dollars, one month; For a11 sums over twenty dollars, and not exceeding forty dollars, two months; For all sums over forty dollars, and not exceeding seventy-five dollars, four months; For all sums exceeding seventy-five dollars, six months. 120 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. When no stay SEC. 1025. There shall be no stay of execution on any judgment for shall be allowedl. the wages of a servant or common laborer, nor upon any judgment for 22 Feb., 1867, c. a less sum than five dollars; but in such cases execution may issue 63, s. 3, v.14, p. 402. immediately, and judgments shall be entered within two days after the trial of the action. Expiration of SEC. 1026. Any justice of the peace, before whom supersedeas may be time. taken, or any other justice of the peace, shall, at the request of the plaint1 March, 1823, c. iff, or any person authorized by, or on behalf of, the plaintiff; issue 24, s. 39, v. 3, p. 745. execution against the principal debtor and his sureties, or either of them, after the expiration of the time mentioned in the supersedeas. APPEALS. Appeals to su- SEC. 1027. Where the debt or demand exceeds five dollars, and either pieme court. the plaintiff or defendant shall think himself aggrieved by the judgment Ibid., S. 7, p. 744. of a justice of the peace, he shall be at libery to appeal to the next term 22 Feb., 1867, c. of the supreme court of the District, and the appeal shall be there heard 64, ss. 2, 3, v. 14, and determined as provided in section seven hundred and seventy-four p. 403. to section seven hundred and seventy-nine, inclusive. [See ~~ 774-779.] Thornton vs. Corporation, 3 Cranch, C. C., 212; Owner vs. Corporation, 5 Cranch, C. C., 381. Bond on appeal. SEC. 1028. No appeal shall be allowed from a judgment of a justice of Ibid. S. 1. the peace, unless the appellant, with sufficient surety, approved by the justice, enters into an undertaking to satisfy and pay all intervening damages and costs arising on the appeal. Paperstobefiled. SEC. 1029. When such undertaking has been entered into, the justice Ibid., S. 2. shall immediately file the original papers, including a copy of his docket. entries, in the office of the clerk of the supreme court of the District. REMOVAL, RESIGNATION, ETC. Commission o f SEC. 1030. Upon indictment and conviction of any justice of the peace justice void, when. of incompetency, habitual drunkenness, corruption in office, or of any 17 MIay, 1848, c. other willful misconduct in the discharge of his official duties, his com42, s. 15, v. 9, p. 229. mission shall be void, and he shall cease to exercise the office and powers United States vs. of justice of the peace. Clark, 4 Cranch, C. C., 506. Removal by su- SEC. 1031. The supreme court has power, at a general term, to remove premre court. justices of the peace after due notice, and an opportunity to be heard in 3 March, 1864, c. their defense, and for causes to be assigned in the order of removal. 91,s. 14,v. 12, p. 764. Dockets to be de- SEC. 1032. It is made the duty of every justice of the peace, upon his livered to clerk of resignation or removal from office, and of his executors or administrasupreme co r t tors upon the death of any such justice of the peace, forthwith to deliver to the clerk of the supreme court of the District, all dockets which such 1 March, 1823, c. justice of the peace, so resigning, removing, or dying, may have had. 24,s. 5, v. 3, pp. 743, [See ~~ 919, 920.] 744. Penalty for neg- SEC. 1033. In case of any neglect to comply with the provisions of lect. the preceding section, the justice so neglecting, or his executors or Ibid. administrators, as the case may be, shall forfeit to the United States the sum of five hundred dollars, to be recovered as other penalties are recovered. FEES. Fees, how estab- SEC. 1034. The supreme court shall fix and determine a bill of fees lished. and costs to be taxed and charged by justices of the peace in all civil 22 Feb., 1867, c. suits. G3, s. 2, v. 14, p. 402. CONSTABLES. 121 CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO. CONSTABLES. Sec. Sec. 1035. Duties of constables. 1039. Failure of constable to pay over 1036. Oath and bond. money, &c. 1037. Renewal of bond. 1040. Fees and commissions. 1038. Power of constables. SEC. 1035. The duties of constable shall be confined exclusively to the Duties of constaservice of civil process and the collection of strictly private debts within bles. the District. 3 March, 1863, c. 106, s. 10, v. 12, p. 803. SEc. 1036. Each constable shall, before performing any of the duties Oath and bond. of his office, take the oath prescribed for civil officers in the District, Ibid. and shall enter into a bond to the United States in the sum of five United States vs. BilIl2 Cranch,C. C., thousand dollars, with security, to be approved by the clerk of the 518; United States supreme court of the District, conditioned for the faithful performance vs. Cranston, 3 of the duties of his office, and for the punctual payment of all moneys Cranch, C. C., 289; coming into his hands to the persons entitled to receive the same. CHazel vC. Waters, 3 [See ~ S5. Cranch, C. C;, 420. SEC. 1037. Each constable shall nenew his bond on the thirtieth day Renewal of bond. of June, in every alternate year of his continuance in office. Ibid. SEC. 1038. Constables are authorized to serve warrants and levy Power of constaexecutions issued by justices of the peace, and make return thereof to bles. such justices, in the same mannuer, and be liable to the same penalties, 1 Mar., 1823, c. as the marshal or his deputies. [See ~~ 910, 912.1 24, secs. 10, 11,v. 3, pp. 745,746. United States vs. Bill, 2 Craunch, C. C., 202; Wells vs. Hubbard, 2 Cranch, C. C., 292. SEC. 1039. Where a constable shall have received money, on any Failure of conjudgment or execution, not exceeding twenty dollars, and shall fail to stable to pay over pay the same to the plaintiff, or his agent, when demanded, or shall fail money, &c. to return any execution within the time limited for such return, it shall Ibid., s.10, p. 745. be lawful for the supreme court of the District, on motion, five days' previous notice being given to the constable, to enter up judgment, instanter, against him for the amount so received, with interest and costs. SEC. 1040. The fees of constables shall be fixed and determined by Fees -and comthe, supreme court, aind a commission of five per cent. shall be allowed missions. each constable for every sum on executions by him leviel. 22 Feb., 1867, c 63, s. 2, v. 14, p. 402; 1 Mar., 1823, c. 106, s. 10, v. 3, p. 745: United States vs. Little, 1 Cranch, C. C., 411. CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE. PO]ICE COURT. Sec. Sec. 1041. Police court established. 1054. Enforcement of sentences. 1042. Judge. 1055. Rules and regulations. 1043. Oath of judge. 1056. Seal; acknowledgments and oaths~ 1044. Terms of court. 1057. Clerk, appointment and salary. 1045. Rooms for holding court. 1058. Deputy. 1046. Salaries of judge and officers; how 1059. Bond and oath of clerk. paid. 1060. Oaths and affirmations. 1047. Designation of justice in certain 1061. No fees to be charged. cases. 1062. Bailiffs. 1048. Oath and compensation. 1063. May act as deputy-marshals, when, 1049. Jurisdiction. 1064.'Prosecutions to be by information. 1050. Power of judge to issue process for 1065. Process for violation of District arrests. laws. 1051. Judlge may examine and commit. 1066. Process in other cases. 1052. General powers of court. 10(67. Forln ol process. 1053. Contempts. 1068. Mar1shal's fees. 122 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Sec. Sec. 1069. Duty of United States attorney. 1076. Papers to be sent to supreme court. 1070. Fees. 1077. Appellants failing to recognize. 1071. Duty of attorney of the district. 1078. Appeals, how certified. 1072. Fees of witnesses. 1079. Payment of fines, penalties, costs, 1073. Appeals. and forfeitures. 1074. Bond on appeal. 1080. Disposal of moneys collected. 1075. Stay of proceedings on appeal. Police court es- SEC. 1041. There shall be in the District a court to be called the tablished. police court of the District of Columbia. [see ~ s9.] 17 June, 1870, c. 133, s. 1, v. 16, p. 153. Judge. SEC. 1042. The police court shall consist of one judge, learned in the Ibid., s. 1, 2, pp. law, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advise 153, 154. and consent of the Senate, for the term of six years, and who shall receive a salary of three thousand dollars per annum. Oath of judge. SEC. 1043. The judge of the police court shall take the oath prescribed Ibid., s. 1, p. 154. for judges of the courts of the United States. [See n. S. U. S., ~ 712.] Terms of court. SEC. 1044. The court shall hold a term on the first Monday of every Ibid., s. 4, p. 154. month, and continue the same from day to day as long as it may l)e necessary for the transaction of its business. Rooms for hold- SEC. 1045. The court shall be provided with a suitable place for holding court. ing its sessions at the expense of the District. ibid., s. 10, p. 155. Salaries of judge SEC. 1046. The salaries of the judge and clerk of the police court, the and officers, how compensation of the deputy clerk and bailiffs, and the fees of the marpaid. shal, shall be paid by the District, quarterly. [see ~ 1080.1 Ibid.,:s. 14, p. 155; 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 41, v. 16, p. 429. Designation of SEC. 1047. In case of sickness, absence, or disability of the judge, justice in certain either of the justices of the supreme court of the District shall designate some justice of the peace to discharge the duties of the police judge 17 June, 1870, c. until such disability be removed. 133,s. 4,v. 16, p.154. Opeath and coin- SEC. 1048. The justice so designated shall take the same oath as prescribed for the judge, and shall receive the sum of ten dollars per day Ibid. for the time he shall serve, to be paid in the same manner as the salary of judge is paid. JURISDICTION AND POWERS. Jurisdiction. SEC. 1049. The police court shall have original and exclusive jurisdicIbid., s. 1, p. 153. tion of all offenses against the United States committed in the District Cross, Wasth.eLa not deemed capital or otherwise infamous crimes, that is to say, of all Rep., No. 15, p. simple assaults and batteries, and all other misdemeanors not punisha62; United States ble by imprisonment in the penitentiary; and of all offenses against the vs. Buell, W a s h. laws and ordinances of the District in force therein. Law Rep., No. 46, [See ~ 61. See B. S. U. S., ~ 2173.] p. 309. Power of judge SEC. 1050. The judge shall have power to issue process for the arrest to issue process for of persons against whom information may be filed, or complaint under arrests. icbid., 4,p. 154. oath be made, and to compel the attendance of witnesses. Judge may ex- SEC. 1051. The judge of the police court may examine and commit, amirine and commit. or hold to bail, in all offenses, whether cognizable in the police court or Ibid., s. 20, p. 157. in the supreme court of the District. General powers SEC. 1052. The court shall have power to issue all process and to do of court. all acts which may be necessary to the exercise of its jurisdiction. Ibid., ss. 5, 10,pp. 154,155. Contempts. SEC. 1053. The court shall have power to punish contempts by fine Ibid.,ss.5,13, pp. and imprisonment, or by either; but the fine shall, in no case, exceed 151, 155. twenty dollars, nor the inlprisonment be for a longer time than fortyeight hours. Enforcement of SEC. 1054. The court may enforce any of its judgments or sentences seti aences. - by fine or imprisonment, or by both. Ibid., s. 4, p. 154. POLICE COURT. 123 SEc. 1055. The court shall have power to make such rules and regu- Rules and regulations as may be deemed necessary and proper for conducting busi- lations. ness therein. 17 June, 1870, c. 133, s. 13, v. 16, p. 155. SEC. 1056. The court shall have a seal, and shall have power to take Seal; acknlowithe acknowledgment of deeds and to administer oaths and affirmations e d g me n t s ani to public officers.o Ibid., s. 5, p. 154. CLE1RIK. SEC. 1057. The court shall have power to appoint a clerk at a salary Cler k, appointof two thousand dollars per annum, who shall hold his office during the ment and salary. pleasure of the court. Ibid., s. 2, p. 154. SEC. 1058. The clerk may appoint one deputy, with the consent of Deputy. the court, if the business shall require it, to be paid such compensation as may be allowed by the court, not exceeding one thousand dollars per annum. SEC. 1059. The clerk shall give bond, with surety, and take the oath Bond and oath of of office prescribed by law for clerks of district courts of the United clerk. States. [See B. S. U. S., ~ 794.] Ibid. SEC. 1060. He shall have power to administer oaths and affirmations, Oaths and affirmand in his absence his deputy may administer the same. ations. Ibid. SEC. 1061. There shall be no fee charged for any service by the No fees to be clerk. charged BAILIFFS. Ibid., s. 7, p. 155. SEC. 1062. The court may appoint not exceeding two bailiffs, who Bailiffs. shall receive for their services three dollars each for every day's attend- Ibid., s. 6, p. 154. ance on court, to be paid upon certificate of service by the judge. SEC. 1063. The bailiffs may act as deputies to the marshal for the May act as depuservice of process issued by the court. ty marshals, when. Ibid., s. 9, p. 155. PROSEC UTIONS. SEC. 1064. Prosecutions in the police court shall be by information Prosecutions to under oath, without indictment by grand jury or trial by petit jury. be by information. Ibid., s. 3, p. 154. District of Columbia vs. Herlihy, Wash. Law Rep., No. 42, p. 277. SEC. 1065. In cases arising out of violations of any of the ordinances Process for violaor laws of the District in force thlerein, process shall be directed to the t i o n o f District major of police, who shall execute the same and make return thereof in laws like manner as in other cases. Ibid., s. 4, p. 154. SEc. 1066. In cases cognizable in the supreme court the process shall Process in other be directed to the marshal, except in cases of emergency, when it may cases. be directed to the major of police. Ibid. SEC. 1067. Such process shall be under the seal of the police court, Form of process. and shall bear teste in the name of the judge, and be signed by the Ibid clerk. SEC. 1068. For such services the marshal shall receive the same fees Marshal's fees. as prescribed for like service in the supreme court. Ibid. SEc. 1069. It shall be the duty of the United States attorney for the Duty of United District, in person or by one or more of his assistants or deputies, to States attorney. attend to the prosecution in the police court of such offenses as were Ibid., s. 17, p. 156. cognizable in the criminal court of the District prior to June seventeenth, eighteen hundred and seventy. SEc. 1070. For such service he shall be paid the same fees as are Fees. allowed for similiar service in the supreme court. Ibid. SEC. 1071. It shall be the duty of the attorney of the District, or his Duty of attorney assistants, to attend to the prosecution in the police court of all offenses of the District. arising from violations of any of the laws or ordinances of the District Ibid., s. 16, pp. ill force therein, and for such service they shall be paid by: the Dis- 156,157. trict. 124 DISTRICT OF COLU5M[BIA. Fees of witnesses. SEC. 1072. Witnesses before the police court shall receive the same 17 June, 1870, c. fees as are allowed for similar service and attendance in the supreme 133, s. 7,v. 16, p. 155. co[urt. [See ~ 880.] Appeals. SEC. 1073. Any party deeming himself aggrieved by the judgment of Ibid., s. 3, p. 154. the police court may appeal to the supreme court. [See ~ 773.] Bond on appeal. SEC. 1074. In all appeals the party applying for appeal shall enter Ibid.,s.8, p. 155. into recognizance, with sufficient surety to be approved by the judge, for his appearance at the criminal term of the supreme court then in session, or at the next' term thereof if the criminal term be not then in session, there to prosecute the appeal and to abide by the judgment of the supreme court. Stay of proceed- SEC. 1075. Upon such recognizance being given, all further proceedins on appeal. ings in police court shall be stayed. Ibid. pibsy Papersto be sent SEC. 1076. Such recognizance so approved, and the information or to supreme court. complaint, shall be immediately transmitted to the clerk of the supreme Ibid. court. Appellants fail- SEC. 1077. Upon the failure of any party appealing from the judging to recognize. ment of the police court to the supreme court to enter into recognizance Ibid.,s. 11. as provided for in section ten hundred and seventy-four, he shall be committed to jail to await his trial upon his appeal, and the trial shall be had in the supreme court as though such recognizance had been entered into. Appeals, how cer- SEC. 1078. In every case of appeal the court below shall send up the t~ifled. information or complaint filed in the cause, and a copy of the record of Ibid. all proceedings duly certified to the supreme court. DISPOSALS OF COSTS, FINES, AND FORFEITURES. Pa2ymentoffines, SEC. 1079. All fines, penalties, costs, and forfeitures imposed or taxed penalties,costs,and by the police court shall be collected by the marshal, or by the major of forfeitures. police, as the case may be, on process ordered by the court, and by Ibid., s. 15, p. 155; them paid over to the District. LSee ~~ 313-316.] 21 Feb., 1871, c. 62, s. 41, v. 16, p. 429. Disposal ef mon- SE(. 1080. The moneys collected upon the judgments of the police eys collected. court, or so much thereof as may be necessary, shall be applied to the Ibid. payment of the salaries of the judge and other officers of the court, as provided in section ten fiundred and forty-six, and to the payment of the necessary expenses thereof, and any surplus remaining after paying such salaries, compensation, and expenses shall be paid into the treasury of the-District at the end of every quarter. CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR. THE JAIL. See. Sec. 1081. Warden, appointment and removal. 1092. Warden to executejudgment of death 1082. Term of office. 1093. Place of execution. 1083. Salary. 1094. Officers required to attend. 1084. Bond. 1095. Who may be present. 1085. Powers and duties. 1096. Who shall not be allowed to witness 1086. Employment of prisoners at, labor. executions. 1087. Commitment by marshal.- 1097. District to re-imburse United States 1088. Delivery to marshal. for part of cost of new jail. 1089. Appointment of subordinate officers. 1098. Secretary of the Interior to collect 1090. Supreme court to make rules. tax, when. 1091. Warden's annual report. 1099. To assex tax, when. Warden,appoint- SEC. 1081. The supreme court of the District has authority to appoint ment and removal. a suitable person to act as warden of the jail, and to remove such officer, 3 Mrch, 1809, e. whenever? in the opinion of the court, the public interests may require 51,. 4, v. 15, p. his removal, and to fill all vacancies whdic h uauty -occur. 34~2.,.......... THE JAIL. - 125 SEC. 1082. The warden shall hold office for the term of four years, Term of office. unless sooner removed, in accordance with the preceding section. z29 Feb., 1864, c. 16, s. 1, v. 13, p. 12. SEC. 1083. He shall receive an annual salary of sixteen hundred dol- Sldary. lars, which shall include all fees and emoluments. Ibid. SEc. 1084. The warden shall, before entering upon his office, execute Bond. to the United States a bond for the faithful performance of the duties thereof in the penal sum of five thousand dollars, with sureties to be Ibid.,s. 4, p.13 approved by some judge of the supreme court of the District. SEC. 1085. The warden shall have the exclusive supervision and con- Powers and dntrol of the jails in the District, and be accountable for the safe-keeping ties. of all prisoners legally committed thereto, and shall have all the power Ibid., S. 2, P. 12. and discharge all the duties legally exercised and discharged over said jails and the prisoners therein, prior to the twenty-ninth day of February, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, by the marshal of the District. [See R. S. U. S., ~~ 5545-5550.] SEC. 1086. Persons sentenced to imprisonment inu the jail may be Employment of employed at such labor, and under such regulations, as may be pre- prisoners at labor. scribed by the supreme court of the District, and the proceeds thereof 22 Feb., 18677, c. applied to defray the expenses of the trial and conviction of any such 65, s. 9,. 14, p. 407. person. SEC. 1087. Nothing in the preceding sections of this chapter shall be Commitment by construed to impair or interfere with the authority of the marshal of the marshal. lDistrict to commit persons to the jail, or to produce them in open court 12 May, 1864, c. or before any judicial officer when thereto required. 85, s. 4, v. 13, p. 75. SEC. 1088. It shall be the duty of the warden to receive such pris- Delivery to mnaroners, and to deliver them to the marshal or his duly-authorized deputy, shal. on the written request of either, for the purpose of taking them before Ibid. any court or judicial officer as provided in the preceding section. SEC. 1089. The warden shall have authority to appoint such subordi- Appointment of nate officers, guards, and employes as are necessary for the proper man- subordinate offiageilent and safe-keeping of prisoners, which may be authorized by cers. law, subject-to the approval of the chief justice of the supreme court of 3 March, 1869. c. the District. [see ~ 11so.]. 151,.5,v. 5,.342. SEC. 1090. It shall be the duty of the supreme court of the District Supreme courtto to make such rules for the government and discipline of the prisoners mahke rules. confined in the jail as shall be deemed necessary for the health, security, 22 Feb., 1867, c. and the protection of such prisoners from cruel treatment by any per- 65, s. 10, v. 14, p. son in charge thereof. SEe. 1091. The warden shall annually, in the month of November, Warden'sannueal make a detailed report to the Secretary of the Interior, report. 29 Feb., 1864, c. EXECUTION IN CAPITAL CASES. 16,s., v. 13, p. 12..SEC. 1092. Whenever any person confined in the jail is adjudged to Warden to exesuffer death, it shall be the duty of the warden to carry such judgment cuth judgment of into execution. 12 May, 1864, c. 85, s. 4, v. 13, p. 75. SEC. 1093. Persons adjudged to suffer death shall be executed within Place of execiithe walls of some prison in the District, or within a yard or inclosure tion. adjoining such prison, and not elsewhere. 31 Jan., 1853, C. 1, S. 1 v. 10, p. 153. SEC. 1094. It shall be the duty of the warden, or one of his deputies, Oficers required with such officers of the prison, constables, and other peace-officers as the to attend. warden or deputy may deem necessary and proper, to attend at such Ibid. execution. SEC. 1095. The warden, or his deputy, shall invite the district attor- Who may be ney, the counsel of the prisoners two or more physicians, and twelve present. respectable citizens to be present at every such execution; and, at the Ibid., s. 2. request of the person to be executed, shall also allow any of his near relatives, and any ministers of the Gospel, not more than three, to be present thereat. SEc. 1096. No persons other than those mentioned in the two pre- Wllho shtll not e ceding sections, and no person whatever under the age of twenty-ono executiolls. years, shall be allowed to vwitness antlly such execution. Ibid 126 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. RE-IMBUIRSEMENT OF UNITED STATES. District t o r e- SEC. 1097. For the purpose of re-imbursing the United States for a imbturse Un i t e d part of the cost of a new jail authorized to be constructed by the act of cost of new jail. June twenty-fifth, eighteen hundred and sixty-six, and acts amendatory 1 June, 1872, G. thereof, the legislative assembly of the District shall assess, by tax or 260, s. 2,v. 17,p. 211. otherwise, and cause to be collected and paid into the Treasury of the United States, at or before the completion of said jail, the sum of one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars. Secretary of In- SEC. 1098. Upon default of the payment of the sum specified in the t e r i or to collect preceding section at the time mentioned therein, the Secretary of the tax, whenX. Interior shall appoint a collector, whose duty it shall be to proceed with Ibid.,pp. 211, 212. the collection of the taxes as assessed by the legislative assembly in such manner and form as the Secretary shall prescribe. T o assess t ax, SEC. 1099. If the District shall neglect or refuse to assess the tax proWhen. vided for by sect.ion ten hundred and ninety-seven, the Secretary of the Ibid. Interior is empowered to make such levy and proceed to its collection. CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE. PENITENTIARY. Sec. Sec. 1100. Transfer of prisoners to District peni- 1125. Manufacture of shoes for Army and:- ~: tentiary, when. Navy. 1101. Use of penitentiary. 1126. Prison regulations. 1102. Inspectors. 1127. Power of warden to punish. i1103. Warden. 1128. Mode of punishment. 1104. First meeting of inspectors. 1129. All punishments to be reported. 1105. Regular meetings of board. 1130. Regulation of punishments; report 1106. Quorum. to Congress. 1107. Secretary of board. 1131. Deduction from term for good con1108. Inspections. duct. 1109. Labor of convicts. 1132. Physician and surgeon. 1110. Proceeds of their labor. 1133. Infirmary. 1111. Rules and regulations. 1134. Removal to infirmary. 1112. Attention to cleanliness. 1135. Return. 1113. Appointment of keepers, &c. 1136. Government of infirmary. 1114. Inspection of accounts. 1137. Relaxation of discipliune in favor of 1115. Annual report to Congress. the sick. 1116. Inspectors not to be interested in 1138. Religious and moral instruction. contracts. 1139. Admission of visitors. 1117. Bond of warden. 1140. Penalty of officers for certain viola1118. How sued; limitation. tions. 1119. Salary of warden, &c. 1141. Protection of convicts and preserva1120. Duties of warden. tion of order. 1121. Warden's monthly accounts. 1142. Suits affecting penitentiary, how 1122. Warden's quarterly accounts. brought. 1123. Warden not to be interested in con- 1143. Allowance to prisoners upon distracts; penalty. charge. 1124. Who to act in absence of warden. Transfer of pris- SEC. 1100. Whenever a suitable penitentiary shall be erected in the oners to District District and completed for the reception of prisoners, it shall be the P n i t e 1n tiary, duty of the Attorney-General to cause to be transferred to such penitenn16 Ja. 1863 ctiary all persons who shall then be imprisoned outside of the District. 16 Jan.2, p63, c. under sentence of any court of the district. 10, s. 6, v. 12, p. 636. Use of peniten- SEC. 1101. The penitentiary shall be exclusively appropriated to the tiary. confinement of such persons as may be convicted of offenses punishable 3 Maroll 1829, c with imprisonment and labor, under the laws of the United States, or 5, s. 1, v. 4, p. 365. of the District, Inspectors. SEC. 1102. The President shall annually appoint five respectable Ibids. 2, p. 365. inhabitants of the District to be inspectors of the penitentiary, who shall severally hold their offices for one year froln the date of their appointm ent. PENITENTIARY. 127 SEC. 1103. The President shall appoint one warden of the peniten- Warden. tiary, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the President, but 3 March, 1829, c. the office of warden shall be suspended, and the salary and emolument 65, s. 3, v. 4, p. 365. thereof cease, during the time in which there shall be no penitentiary 12 May, 1864, c. used in the District. 85, s. 5, v. 13, p. 75. SEC. 1104. The inspectors shall hold their first meeting within ten First meeting of days after their appointment. inspectors. 3 March, 1829, c. 65, s. 4, v. 4, p. "25. SEC. 1105. They shall hold meetings of the board at least once in Regular meetings every month, and oftener, if necessary. of board Ibid. SEC. 1106. A majority shall be a quorum for the transaction of busi- Quorum. ness, and all questions shall be decided by a majority of those present. Ibid. SEC. 1107.. They shall appoint one of their number as secretary, who Secretary of board. shall keep regular records of their proceedings. Ibid. SEC. 1108. The inspectors shall singly, in turn, visit and inspect the Inspections. penitentiary at least one in each week, upon some stated day, to be fixed Ibid. by their by-laws. SEC. 1109. The inspectors shall direct in what labor the convicts Labor of convicts. shall be employed, subject to the provisions of section eleven hundred Ibid., pp. 365,366. and twenty-five. [See ~ 1125.] SEC. 1110. It shall be the duty of the inspectors so to manage the Proceeds of their affairs of the penitentiary, if it be possible, that the proceeds of the labor. labor of the convicts shall pay all the expenses of the penitentiary and Ibid. more; but nothing contained in this section shall prevent the inspectors from employing the convicts in labor for the United States. SEC. 1111. It shall be the duty of the inspectors to prepare a system Rules and reguof rules and regulations, minutely providing for the discipline, health, lations. and cleanliness of the penitentiary, the hours of labor, meals, and con- Ibid. finement, the government and behavior of the officers and convicts, so as best to carry into effect the provisions of this chapter; and they shall take care that such rules and regulations are made known to the officers of the prison, and the convicts, and that the strictest obedience is paid thereto. SEc. 1112. The inspectors shall provide that the strictest attention A ttention to be paid to preserve cleanliness throughout the buildings, kitchens, cells, cleanliness. bedding, and, as far as may be, in the persons and clothing of the con- Ibid., p. 366. victs. SEC. 1113. The inspectors shall appoint, and at their pleasure remove, Appointment of su!ch keepers, and other inferior officers and servants, as may be keepers, &c. required for the service and government of the penitentiary. Ibid. SEC. 1114. The inspectors shall, from time to time, inspect the accounts Inspection of acof the penitentiary, and shall see that the affairs thereof are conducted counts. with economy and integrity. Ibid. SEC. 1115. The inspectors shall, in the month of January, in every Annual report to year, report to Congress a detailed account of the expenses and income Congress. of the penitentiary, the number of convicts received, discharged, or Ibid. deceased, during the year, the rules and by-laws passed, altered, or repealed, within the year, and such other matters relating to the discipline and management- of the prison as may be proper to make known its state and condition; and if the penitentiary shall fail to support itself, it shall be the duty of the inspectors to state, in such report, what they suppose to be the reason of such failure. SEAC. 1116. The inspectors shall not be concerned in any contract touch- Inspectors not to ing the affairs of the penitentiary; but, if any such contract shall be at be interested in any time made, in which the inspectors, or any of them, have, directly contracts. or indirectly, any interest, the same, so far as relates to that interest, Ibid., s. 9, p. 367. shall be null and void. SEC. 1117. The warden, before entering upon the duties of his office, Bond of warden. shall give bond to the United States, with sufficient security, to be Ibid.,s.7, p. 36 128 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. approved by the inspectors of tile penitentiary, in such sum as they shall direct, conditioned that he will faithfully perform the duties of his office, and truly account for all goods, money, or other articles belonging to the United States, or to individuals, which may, in the discharge of the duties and trusts of his office, come into his custody, and pay or deliver the same over to the United States, or such persons as may be legally entitled thereto, whenever he shall be lawfully required. How sued; lim- SEC. 1118. The warden's bond may be sued in the name of the United itation. States, for the use of the United States, or any individual who may 3 March, 1829, e. have a claim thereon, as often as the condition may be broken; but such 65, s. 7, v. 4, p. 366. suit shall be brought against the security within'six years of the time when the cause of action accrued. Salary of warden, SEC. 1119. The warden shall receive a salary of twelve hundred dollars &o. a year. The other officers and servants of the penitentiary shall receive Ibid., s. 5, p. 366. such annual or monthly pay as the inspectors shall direct. Duties of warden. SEC. 1120. It shall be the duty of the warden to keep accurate Ibid., s. 6, p. 366. accounts of all materials bought or furnished for the use or labor of the convicts, and also of the proceeds of their labor; he shall make all contracts and purchases for the supplies necessary for the penitentiary; he shall have power to let out the labor of the convicts by contract, subject always, however, to thie rules and discipline of the penitentiary; lihe shall, under the superintendence and inspection of the inspectors, oversee and manage all the affairs of the pelnitentiary, and shall be responsible for the due enforcement of its rules, by-laws, and discipline. Warden's month- SEC. 1121. The warden shall make out and deliver to the inspectors, ly accounts. at each of their monthly meetings, an account of all moneys received Ibid. and expended by him on account ot the penitentiary, during the preceding month, specifying from whom received, and to whom paid, and for what; which account shall be sworn to by the warden, and carefully filed and preserved among the p~apers of the board of inspectors. Warden's quar- SEC. 1122. The warden shall, on the first Monday of January, April, terly accounts. July, and October, in each year, make out and exhibit to the proper Ibid. accounting officer of the Treasury Department, an account of all moneys received and paid on account of the penitentiary for the preceding three months, specifying from whom received, to whom paid, and for what, and shall settle the same with the Treasury Department. [See R. S. F. S., ~ 1828.] Warden not to SEC. 1123. If the warden shall have any interest in any contradt made be interested in by him touching the affairs of the penitentiary, with a view of gaining contracts; penalty. for himself, either directly or indirectly, any profit or advantage thereby, Ibid., s. 8, p. 367. he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by fine, not exceeding two thousand dollars, and be dismissed from office, and every such contract may be declared void by the inspectors. Who to act in ab- SEC. 1124. In case of the death of the warden, or the temporary sence of warden. vacancy of his office, or his absence, sickness, or other disability, such Ibid.,s. 1e, p. 369. keeper or other officer, as may be especially designated by the inspectors, shall have power to exercise the authority and discharge the several duties of the warden, as prescribed by this chapter and the rules of the penitentiary. Manufacture of SEC. 1125. The warden shall, so far as practicable, employ the conshoes for Army and viCts in the manufilcture of shoes for the use of the Army and Navy, to Nasvy. be made as the War antl Navy Departments shall direct; orders for 17 July, 1862, Res. which shall be, by said Departments, given to the warden from time to No.(62, v. 12, p. time upon his request; the shoes to be paid for by the Departments ordering the same at the customary rate for shoes of like quality. Prison regulations. SEC. 1126. The following are prison regulations: 3 March, 1829, c. 65, s. 11, v. 4, p. 367. Sanlitary precan- First. Each convict, immedliatelyupon being received into the penitiolls. tentiary, shall be thoroughly cleansed with warm water and soap, and shall have the hair cut close; and the warden and other officers shall take the strictest precautions to guard against the introduction of alny PENITENTIARY~. 129 infectious or contagious disease, from the persons or clothing of such convicts; which precautions it shall be the duty of the inspectors to regulate, and prescribe in their by-laws. Second. A descriptive list of the names, ages, persons, crimes, and Descriptive list. sentences of the convicts shall be kept by the warden, and such description shall be entered immediately upon the reception of each convict. Third. Every convict shall be confined singly in a separate cell at Confinement in night, and at such times of the day as he may be unemployed in labor, separate cells, exexcept at such hours and places as may be specially assigned, by the cept, &C. rules of the penitentiary, for religious or other instruction, or for meals, or when transferred to the infirmary on account of sickness, upon the recommendation of the physician. Fourth. The male and female convicts confined in the penitentiary Separationof the shall be kept, and shall labor, wholly separate and apart from each sexes. other. Fifth. The convicts shall be clothed at the public expense during the Clothing. whole term of their confinement, in habits of coarse and cheap materials, uniform in color and make, and so striped, or otherwise conspicuously marked,, as may clearly distinguish them from the ordinary dressof other persons. Sixth. Their bedding and other personal accommodations shall be of Bedding, &c. the cheapest and coarsest kind consistent with use and durability. Seventh. The convicts shall be fed on the cheapest food which will Food. support health and strength, with as little change or variety in diet as may be consistent with the health of the convicts and the economy of the penitentiary. Eighth. They shall be kent, as far as may be consistent with their Kind of labor at age, health, sex, and ability, to labor of the hardest and most servile which to be kept. kind, and, as far as may be, uniform in its nature, and of a kind where the work is least liable to be spoiled by ignorance, neglect, or obstinacy, or the materials to be injured, stolen, or destroyed. Ninth. They shall not at any time be permitted to converse with one Not to converse another, or with strangers, except by the special permission and in without permispresence of some officer of the prison, as may be regulated by the sion. by-laws. Tenth. They shall be made to labor diligently, in silence, and with Method of labor. strict obedience. SEC. 1127. The warden shall have power to punish any convict in the Power of warden penitentiary- to punish. First. Who willfully violates or refuses to obey the rules of the peni- 3 March, 1829, c. tentiary; or, 65, s. 12, v. 4, p. 367. Second. Who willfully refuses to perform the work assigned to him; or, Third. Who resists by violence any of the officers of the penitentiary in the exercise of their lawful authority; or, Fourth. Who willfnlly destroys any property, tools, or materials. SE'. 1128. It shall be the duty of the warden to inflict such punish- Mode of punishment either by confinement in solitary cells, by diet on bread and water, ment. or by puttilg such convict in irons or in the stocks. [See B. S. U. S., 5327.] Ibid., pp. 367, 368. SEC. 1129. All such punishments shall be regularly reported to the All punishments visiting inspectors at the next weekly visitation, and to the board of to be reported. inspectors at their monthly meeting. Ibid., p. 368. SEC. 1130. It shall be the duty of the inspectors to adopt and enforce Regulation of special rules and by-laws regulating the times, measure. extent, and punishments; mode of such punishments in relation to the several offenses against the port to Congress. discipline of the penitentiary, and to report the same in their annual Ibid. report to Congress whenever such regulations shall be adopted, altered, or repealed. SEC. 1131. All prisoners confined in the penitentiary for a term of Deduction from years, who conduct themselves so that no charge for miscondcluct shall be ducte g i s I- -9 130 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 17 July, 1862, sustained against them, shall have a deduction of one month in each Res. No. 62, s. 2, v. year made from the term of their sentence, alld shall be entitled to their'12, P.626. discharge so much the sooner, upon the certificate of the warden of their good conduct, with the approval of the Attorney-General. Physician an d SEC. 1132. The inspectors shall appoint one regularly practicing physurgeon. sician, to be the physician and surgeon of the penitentiary, whose duty it 3 March, 1829, c. shall be to visit the penitentiary at such times as may be prescribed by 65, s. 13, v. 4, p. 368. the inspectors, and to render all medical and surgical aid which may be necessary. Infirmary. SEC. 1133. One apartment, or more, as may be needed, shall be fitted Ibid. up as an infirmary. Removal to in- SEC. 1134. In case of sickness of any convict, he shall, upon the firmary. examination and order of the physician, be removed to the infirmary, and Ibid. the name of such convict shall be entered in a hospital-book to be kept for that purpose. Return. SEC. 11.35. Whenever the physician shall report to the warden that Ibid. such convict is in a proper state to return to the ordinary employment of the prison, such report shall be duly entered in the hospital-book, and the convict shall return to the ordinary discipline of the penitentiary, so far as may be consistent with his health and strength. Government of SEC. 1136. Special rules for the order and government of the infirm-'nfirmary. ary shall be made and enforced by the inspectors. Ibid. Relaxation of SEC. 1137. Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to oftcPecekn favor scprevent any such relaxation of the general discipline of the penitentiary as may be required for the sick. Ibid. Religious an d SEC. 1138. The inspectors have power, and it is their duty, to provide moral instruction. for all the convicts the means of religious worship, and religious and. Ibid.,s. 14,p,368. moral instruction, subject, however, to general rules not inconsistent with the discipline prescribed, by this chapter. Admission ofvis- SEC. 1139. No person shall be permitted to visit the penitentiary, itors. without a written order from one or more of the inspectors, except the Ibid.,s. 15, p. 368. President of the United States, the Secretaries of the several Departments of the Government, members of Congress, and the judges of the courts of the United States. Penalty of offi- SEC. 1140. If any keeper, assistant keeper, or other officer, or servant, cers for certain violations. certain vio- employed in or about the penitentiary, shall convey out of, or bring into, the penitentiary, to or from any convict confined there, any letter Ibid., s. 16,p.368. or writing, or shall bring into the penitentiary, to sell or give away, any spirituous or vinous liquors, or any other thing whatsoever, without the consent, in writing, previously obtained of the inspectors, every such person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars and imprisonment in the District jail for any time not exceeding one year. Protection o f SEC. 1141. The inspectors shall prescribe, and it shall be the duty of convicts and pres- the warden rigidly to enforce such rules for the government of the subordinate officers of the penitentiary as may prevent all tyrannical or Ibid.,s. 17, p. 368. violent behavior to the convicts, or all conversation between them and the convicts, or with each other, within their hearing, except for necessary purposes, and may best preserve order, silence, sobriety, and gravity of deportment throughout the establishment. Suits affecting SEC. 1142. All suits that maybe necessary to be brought for any penitentiary; how matter or thing relating to the affairs of the penitentiary shall be brought. brought in the name of the United States, whether the contract on Ibid., s. 10, p. 367. which such suit is founded be made in their name or not. Allowance to SEC. 1143. The Attorney-General shall cause to be paid from the prisoners upon dis- appropriations available therefor the sum of ten dollars to each prisoner charge.. 83 when he shall be legally discharged, to enable such prisoner to reach 10, s. 5, v. 12, ppthe point he may wish to go to. 635, 636. CRIMES AND OFFENSES. 131 CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX. CRIMES AND OFFENSES. Sec. Sec. 1144. Penitentiary offenses. 1170. Evidences of debt executed but not 1145. Capital crimes not specially pro- delivered. vided for. 1171. Buying or receiving. 1146. Other offenses. 1172. Embezzlement by carrier. 1147. Substitution of imprisonment for 1173. Petty larceny; receiving. whipping. 1174. Sale of lottery tickets. 1148. Punishment for disorderly conduct. 1175. Contract of sale void. 1149. Expenses of criminal process. 1176. Certain act of legislative assembly 1150. Manslaughter, &c. repealed. 1151. Arson. 1177. Penalty for engaging in the gift en1152. Rape. terprise business. 1153. Assault with intent to commit rape. 1178. Appeal and final judgment. 1154. Burglary. 1179. Procuring enlistment of criminals. 1155. Horse-stealing, mayhem, bigamy. 1180. Penalty of officers of jail. 1156. Perjury and subornation of perjury. 1181. Selling intoxicating drinks to sol1157. Forgery, counterfeiting, &c. diers; penalty. 1158. Grand larceny. 1182. Penalty of persons licensed, permit1159. Larceny with destruction. ting, &c. 1160. Receiving stolen property. 1183. Forfeiture of license. 1161. Petty larceny and receiving; second 1184.. Injury to trees, works of art, &c. conviction. 1185. Carrying away timber, soil, &c. 1162. Obtaining by false pretenses, &c. 1186. Trespass upon gardens, &c. 1163. Accessory after the fact. 1187. Penalty for injury to cemeteries. 1164. Challenging to fight a duel. 1188. Manufacturers-of mineral water may 1165. Sending challefige. file description of marks upon 1166. Assaulting, &c., for refusal to accept their bottles. challenge. 1189. Penalty for using or dealing in 1167. Going out of the District to evade marked bottles. the law. 1190. Regulation for sale of hay and straw. 1168. Bar to. proceedings in what case. 1191. Regulation of travel over Benning's 1169. Embezzlement by clerks, agents, &c. bridge. SEC. 1144. Every person convicted in any court in the District of any Penitentiary ofof the following offenses, to wit: manslaughter, assault with intent to fenses. kill, arson, rape, assault with intent to commit a rape, burglary, robbery, 2 March, 1831, c. horse-stealing, mayhem, bigamy, perjury, or subornation of perjury, lar- 3722, s 1, 4, p. 448. w"'J o 2 h Feb., 1867, c. ceny, if the property stolen is of the value of thirty-five dollars or 63 s.,v. 14,p.406. upward, forgery, obtaining by false pretenses any goods or chattels, 13 Jan., 1865, c. money, banlk-note, promissory note, or any other instrument in writing 13, v. 13, p. 421. for the pay,-ment or delivery of money or other valuable thing, or keeping a faro-bank or other common gaming-table, or petty larceny upon a second conviction, shall be sentenced to suffer punishment by imprison ment and labor in- the penitentiary for the periods respectively pre. scribed in this chapter. SEC. 1145. All capital felonies and crimes not specially provided for Capital crimes in this chapter, except murder, treason, and piracy, shall be punished not specially proby imprisonment and labor in the penitentiary for a period not less than 2 Mch, 181 seven nor more than twenty years. [See. S. U. S., Title Crimes."] 37, s. 14, v. 4, p. 450. United States vs. Dixon, 1 Cranch, C. C., 414. SEC1. 1146. Every other felony, misdemeanor, or offense not provided Other offenses. for by this title, shall be punished as provided by laws in force in the Ibid.,s. 15. District. District. s United States rs. Snlithers, 2Cranch, C. C., 38. SEC. 1147. Where, by any law in force prior to March second, eight- Substitution of een hundred and thirty-one, whipping was made a part or the whole of imprisonment for the punishment, the court shall substitute therefor imprisonment in the whipping. District jail for a period not exceeding six months. [See r.. U. S., ~ 5327.] Ibid. SEC. 1148. No person in the District shall be fined or imprisoned for Punishment for disorderly conduct, unless personally and individually guilty of acts dis- disorderly conduct. 22 Feb.. 1867, c. orderly in themselves. 63, F., v i4,. 402 SEC. 1149. The necessary expenses incurred in the execution of crim- E x p e nse s of inal processes within the District shall be chargeable to the United criminal process. States, as provided in this title. 6 A ug., 1861, c.. 132 DISTRICT OF COLUMBJIA Mansla g h t er, SEC. 1150. Every person convicted of'manslauglhter, or of anlly assault &c. with intent to kill, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, 2 March, 1831, c. for the first offense for a period not less than two nor more than eight 37, s. 2, v. 4, p. 448. years, and for the second offense for a period not less than six nor more 13 Jan., 1865, c. than fifteen years. 13, v. 13, p. 421. United States vs. Norris, 1 Cranch, C. C., 411; United States rs. McLaughlin, 1 Cranch, C. C., 444; United States vs. Craig, 2 Cranch, C. C., 36; United States vs. Williams, 2 Cranch, C. C., 438; United States vs. Anderson, 3 Cranch, C. C., 205. Arson. SEC. 1151. Every person convicted of the crime of maliciously, will2 March, 1831, c. fully, or fraudulently burning any dwelling-house, or any other house, 37, s. 3, v. 4, p. 44s. barn, or stable adjoining thereto, or any store, barn, or out-house havy3 July, 1852, c. ing goods, tobacco, hay, or grain therein, although the same shall not 55, v. 10,. 13.t be adljoining to any dwelling-house; or of maliciously, willfully, or fraudWhite, 5 Cranch, ulently, and with intent to injure or defraud any other person or perC. C., 73. sons, or body politic or corporate, burning or setting onl fire with -intent to burn, or attempting to set on fire or burn, any house or out-house in the District, whether the same be finished or in process of erection, though such house or out-house shall not, at the time of such burning or setting on fire, or attempting to set on fire or burn, have any goods, tobacco, haiy, or grain therein. nor be adjoining to any dwellinlg-house, nor be occupied or used for any purpose whatever; or of maliciously and willfully burning any of the public buildings in the District, belonging to the United States or to the District, or any church, meetinghouse, or other building for public worship, belonging to any voluntary society or body corporate, or any college, academy, school-house, or library, or any ship or vessel afloat or building, or as being accessory thereto, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor for a,period of not less than one nor more than ten years for the first offeinse, and not less than five nor more than twenty years for the second offense. Rape. SEC. 1152. Every person convicted of rape, or as being accessory 2 March, 1831, c. thereto before the fact. shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and( 37, s. 4, v. 4, p. 448. labor, for the first offense for a period not less than ten nor more than thirty years, and for the second offense for and during the period of his natural life. Assault with in- SEC. 1153. Every person convicted of an assault with intent to t e n t to commit coinmit a rape, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for rape. lthe first offense for a period not less than one nor more than five years, Ibid., s. 5. and for the second ofiense for a period not less than five nor more than fifteen years. Burglary. SEC. 1154. Every person convicted of burglary, or as being accessory Ibid., s. 6. thereto before the fact, or of robbery, or as being accessory thereto United States vs. before the fact, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for Dixon, 1Cranch, C. the first offense for a period not less than three nor more than seven C., 414; U n i t e d years, and for the second offense for a period not less than five nor more States vs. Johnson, than fifteen years. 2 Cranch, C. C., 21; United States vs. J. A. Bowen, 4 Cranch, C. C., 604. ]Horse - stealing, SEC. 1155. Every person convicted of horse-stealing, mayhem, bigamy, mayhem, bigamy. or as being accessory to any of said crimes before the fact, shall be seaIbid., s. 7, pp. tenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for the first offense for a 448, 449. period not less than two nor more than seven years, and for the second United States vs. ofifense for a period not less than five nor more than twelve years. Maxwell, 1 Cranch, C. C., 605; United States vs. Toms, 1 Cranch, C. C., 607; United States vs. Krouse, 2 Cranch, C. C., 252; United States vs. Black, 2 Cranch, C. C., 195. Perjury and sub- SEC. 1156. Every person convicted of perjury, or subornation of perornatiou of pe r- jury, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for the tirst jully. offense for a period of not less than two nor more than ten years, and for the second ofiense for a period of not less thina five nor more than Ibid., s] 8, p. 449. United States s. fteen years. Thomas, 3 Cranch, C. C., 293. CRIMES AND OFFENSSES. 1 33 SEC. 1157. Every person convicted of having falsely forged and Forgery, councounterfeited any gold or silver coin, passing or in circulation within terfeiting, &c. the District; or having falsely uttered, paid, or tendered in payment, 2 March, 1831, c. any such counterfeit or forged coin, knowing the same to be forged and 37, s. 11, v. 4, p. 449. counterfeit; or of having aided, abetted, or commanded the perpetration United States vs. of either of said offenses; or of having falsely made, altered, forged, or Book, 2 Crafnch, C. counterfeited, or caused or procured to be falsely made, altered, forged, C294; U n i t e d or counterfeited, or having willingly aided or assisted in falsely making, State4 C. aMcCaraltering, forging, or counterfeiting, any paper writing, or printed paper, C., 304. to the prejudice of the right of any other person, body politic or corporate, or voluntary association, with intent to defraud such person, body politic or corporate, or voluntary association, or of having passed, uttered, or published, or attempted to pass, utter, or publish, as true, any such falsely made, altered, forged or counterfeited paper writing, or printed paper, to the prejudice of the right of any other person, body politic or corporate, or voluntary association, knowing the same to be falsely made, altered, forged, or counterfeited, with intent to defraud such person, body politic or corporate, or voluntary association, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for, the first offense for a period not less than one year nor more than seven years, and for the second offense for a period not less than three nor more than ten years. SEC. 1158. Every person convicted of feloniously stealing, taking, and Grand larceny. carrying away any goods or chattels, or other personal property, of the Ibid., s. 9, p. 449. value of thirty-five dollars or upward, or any bank-note, promissory note, 22 Feb., 1867, c. or any other instrument of writing, for the payment or delivery of 65, s. 1, v14, p. 406. money or other valuable thing, to the amnount of thirty-five dollars or United Statcs vs. upward, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, for the Clancey, 1 Cranch, first offense for a period not less than one nor more than three years, C. c., 13; United and for the second offense for a period not less than three nor more than Stte Cravsch. C.ller, ten years. 402; United States vs. McPherson, 1 Cranch, C. C., 517; United States vs. Betty Read, 2 Cranch, C. C., 159; United States vs. Holland, 3 Cranch, C. C., 254; United States vs. H. Thompson, 4 Cranch, C. C., 335; United States vs. Robertson, 5 Cranch, C. C., 383; Weston vs. United States, 5 Cranch, C. C., 492. SEC. 1159. If any person shall steal, or maliciously and feloniously Larceny with destroy, any bank-bill, promissory note or notes, bill of exchange, order, destruction. receipt, warrant, draft, check, or bond, given for the payment of money, 22 Feb., 1867, c. or receipt acknowledging the receipt of money or other property, or any 65, s. 2, v. 14, p. 406. Government bonds or other securities, or stamps, United States Treasury notes, or any public stocks of the value of thirty-five dollars or upward, knowing the same to be such, any such person shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor not more than three Sears nor less than one year. SEC. 1160. If any person shall receive or buy any goods or chattels, Receiving stoler or bank bill or bills, or promissory note or notes, bill of exchange, order, property. receipt, draft, warrant, check, or bond, given for the payment of money, Ibid., S. 3. or any Government bond, United States Treasury note or notes, or other securities, or Government stamps or stocks, of the value of thirty-five dollars or upward, which have been stolen, knowing the same to be stolen, with intent to defraud the owners thereof, every person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, not more than three years nor less than one year. SEC. 1161. Every person, upon a second conviction of larceny, where Petty larceny the property stolen is under the value of thirty-five dollars, or upon a and receiving, secsecond conviction of receiving stolen goods, knowing them to be stolen, ond conviction where the property stolen is under the value of thirty-five dollars, shall Ibid., s. 4. be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor for a period not less 2 March, 1831, c. than one year nor more than three years. [see ~ l17.j 37, s. 13, v. 4, pp. SEC. 1162. Every person convicted of obtaining by false pretenses Obtu;~ ing by any goods or chattels, money, banuk-note, pronmissory note, or any other false pretenses; 134 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. keeping a faro or instrument in writing, for the payment or delivery of money or other Mgaining table. xvaluable thing, or of keeping a faro-bank or gaming-table, shall be sen2 March, 1831, c. teaced to suffer imprisonment and labor for a period not less than one 37nited Sta. s.4,. year nor more than five years. Porter, 2 Cranch, C. C., 60; United States vs. Watkins, 3 Cranch, C. C., 441; United States vs. Hale, 4 Cranch, C. C., 83; United States vs. Robertson, 5 Cranch, C. C., 38; United States vs. Ringgold, 5 Cranch, C. C., 378; United States vs. Milburn, 5 Cranch, C. C., 390. Accessory after SEC. 1163. Every person convicted of being an accessory after the the fict. fact in any felony, shall be sentenced to suffer imprisonment and labor, Ibid.,s. 10, p. 449. for the first offense for a period not less than one nor more than five United States vs. Williams, Cranch, years, and for the second offense for a period not less *than two nor C. C., 174. more than ten years. Challenging t o SEC. 1164. If any person shall, in the District, challenge another to fight a duel fight a duel], or shall send or deliver any written or verbal message, 20 Feb., 1850, c. purporting or intended to be such challenge, or shall accept any such 20, s. 1, v.5, p. 318. challenge or message, or shall knowingly carry or deliver any such United States vs. challenge or message, or shall knowingly carry or deliver an acceptance Cranch, C. C, C.,178. of such challenge or message to fight a duel in or out of the District, and such duel shall be fought in or out of the District, and either of the parties thereto shall be slain or mortally wounded in such duel, the surviving party, and every person carrying or delivering such challenge or message, or acceptance of such challenge or message, and all others aiding or abetting, shall be deemed guilty of felony, and upon conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment and confinement to hard labor in the penitentiary for a term not exceeding ten years, in the discretion of the court. Sending c hal- SEC. 1165. If any person shall give or send, or cause to be given or lenge. sent. to any person in the District, any challenge to fight a duel, or to Ibid., s. 2,pp.318, engage in single combat with any deadly or dangerous instrument or 319. weapon whatever, or if any person in the District shall accept any challenge to fight a duel or to engage in single combat with any deadly or dangerous instrument or weapon whatever, or shall be the bearer of any such challenge, every person so giving or sending, or causing to be given or sent, or accepting such challenge or being the bearer thereof, and every person aiding or abetting in giving, sending, or accepting such challenge, shall be deemed guilty of a high crime and misdemeanor, and on conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment and confinement to hard labor in the penitentiary, for a term not exceeding five years, in the discretion of the court. Assaulting, &c., SEC. 1166. If any person shall assault, strike, beat, or wound, or cause for refusal to ac- to be assaulted, stricken, beaten, or wounded, any person in the District, cept challenge. for declining or refusing to accept any challenge to fight a duel, or to Ibid., s.3, p. 319. engage in single combat with any deadly or dangerous instrument or weapon whatever, or shall post or publish, or cause to be posted or publish, any writing charging any such person so declining or refusing to accept any such challenge, to be a coward or using any other opprobrious or injurious language therein, tending to degrade and disgrace such person for so declining or refusing such challenge, every person so offending, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by confinement to hard labor in the penitentiary for a term not exceeding three years, in the discretion of the court. [See ~ 840.1 Going out of the SEC. 1167. If any person or persons, for the purpose of evading the District to evade provisions of the three preceding sections, shall leave the District, by previous arrangement or concert within the same, with intent to give or Ibid., s. 4. receive any such challenge without the District, and shall give or receive any such challenge accordingly, the person or persons so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and be subject to the same penalties as if such challenge had been given and received within the District. Bar to proceed- SEC. 1168. Every offender may plead a, former conviction or acquittal ings, in lwhat case. for the same offense in any State or country.; and the same being estabIbid, s. 5. lished, shall be a bar to any further proceedings against such person under the preceding section. CRIMES AND OFFENSES. 135 SEC. 1169. If any clerk, or servant of any private person or any Embrezzle ment copartnership, (except persons within the age of sixteen years,) or any b& clerks, agents, officer, agent, clerk, or servant of any incorporated company, shall 22 Feb., 1867, embezzle or convert to his own use, or fraudulently take, make way 65 s. 5, v. 14, p. 407. with, or secrete, with intent to embezzle or fraudulently convert to his owpn use, without the assent of his master or employers, any money, goods, rights of action, Government bonds, United States Treasury notes, or Government stamps, or other valuable security or effects whatever, belonging to any other person, which shall come into his possession or under his care by virtue of such employment or office, he shall, upon conviction, be punished in the manner prescribed by law for feloniously stealing property of the value of the article or property so embezzled, taken, or secreted, or of the value of any sum of money payable or due upon any right in action so embezzled. Sac. 1170. Every embezzlement of any evidence of debt, negotiable Evidences of by delivery only, and actually executed by the master or employer of debt executed but. any such clerk, agent, officer, or servant, but not delivered or issued as not delivere a valid instrument, shall be deemed an offense within the meaning of Ibid., s. 6. the preceding section. SEC. 1171. Every person who shall buy, or in any way receive, any Buying or re — money, goods, rights in action, Government bonds, United States Treas- ceiving. ury notes, or other valuable security or effects whatever, or Govern- Ibid.,s.7. ment stamps, knowing the same to have been embezzled, taken, or secreted, contrary to the provisions of the two preceding sections, shall, upon conviction, be punished in the same manner and to the same extent as therein prescribed upon a conviction of a servant, clerk, or agent for such embezzlement. SEc:. 1172. If any carrier or other person to whom any goods, money, Embezzle in e nt right in action, or any valuable personal property or effects shall have by carrier, &c been delivered to be transported or carried, for hire, or any person Ibid., s. 8. employed in such transportation or carrying, shall, without the assent of his employer, take, embezzle or convert to his own use, sutch goods, money, right in action, property or effects, or anIy part of them, and before delivery of such article at the place or to the person entitled to receive them, he shall, upon conviction, be punished in the manner prescribed by law for feloniously stealing property of the value of the article so taken, embezzled, converted, or secreted. SEC. 1173. If any person shall steal any money, or other goods and Pet ty larceny; chattels of any kind whatever, of less value than thirty-five dollars, the receiving; penalty. property of another, or shall steal or maliciously destroy any bank-bill, Ibid., s. 4, pp. promissory note, bill of exchange, order, warrant, draft, check, or bond, 406, 407. or any accountable receipt for money, given for the payment or acknowl- United States Vs. edgment of any sum under thirty-five dollars, or any United States Iakey, 2 Cranith, Treasury note or Government stamps of less value than thirty-five dol- States vs. Negro lars, the property of another, or shall receive or buy the same, knowing Henry Bowen, 2 the same to be stolen, for the purpose of defrauding the owner thereof, Cranch, C. C., 133; every such person so offending, on conviction thereof, shall make resti- United States rs. tution to the party injured in twofold the value of the property stolen C. C., 364. or destroyed, and be fined in any sum not exceeding two hundred dollars, or shall be imprisoned in the jail of the District for any time not exceeding six months, or both. at the discretion of the court. Shc. 1174. It shall not be lawful to keep within the District any office S al e of lotteryor place of business for the sale of lottery-tickets, or ot any share or tickets. interest in lottery-tickets, nor shall it be lawful to sell or offer for sale 31 Aug., 1842, c. within the District any lottery-ticket or any share or interest in any 282,. 1, v.5, p.578. lottery-ticket; and every person who shall be duly convicted of offending against the provisions of this section shall be punished by imprisonment in the District jail for a period not less than one nor more than six months, and shall forleit and paly a fine of not less than one hundred nor exceeding one thousand dollars, one-half of whlich shall go to the informer and the other half to the District. [See ~1 402, 403.] 136 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Contract of sale SEC. 1175. The contract of sale for such lottery-tickets, or share or void. interest in such lottery-tickets, shall be absolutely void, and any person 31 Aug., 1842, c. paying therefor shall have a right to recover back the money paid as 282, s. 3, v. 5, p. 578. money paid on a void consideration. Certain act of SE(J. 1176. So much of the act of the legislative assembly of the Dislegislative assem- trict of Columbia entitled "An act imposing a license on trades busibly repealed. ness, and professions practiced or carried on in the District of Columbia," 17 Feb., 1873, c. approved August twenty-third, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, as 148, v. 17, p. 464. authorizes gift-enterprises therein, and licenses to be issued therefor, is disapproved and repealed, and hereafter it shall be unlawful for any person or persons to engage in said business in any manner as defined in said act or otherwise. Penalty for en- SEC. 1177. Every person who shall in any manner engage in any gifttegaing i giften-s enterprise business in the District shall, on Conviction thereof in the terprise business. police court, on information filed for and on behalf of the District, pay Ibid. a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned in the District jail not less than one nor more than six months, or both, in the discretion of the court. Appeal. and final SEaC. 1178. In such cases, any party deeming himself aggrieved by judgjudcgmellnt,. ment of the police court may appeal therefrom to the supremecourt of the Ib)id. District in the usual manner, and the judgment of said court shall be final. Procuring enlist- SBEC. 1179. It shall be unlawful for any person, with knowledge of the enat of criminals; fact, to present or offer to any recruiting agent or officer, or any musterpenaltX. in officer in the United States military or naval service, either as a 3 March, 1865, c. volunteer or as a substitute for any person, any person charged with 83, s. 1, V. 13, pp. the commission of any criminal offinse, and confined or held on bail 498, 499e for the trial of such offense within the District; and it shall in like manner be unlawful for any person, in any way or. manner, to abet, aid, or assist in procuring the offer or acceptance of any person so charged or- held for trial, or released on bail and awaiting trial, either as a volurnteer or as a. substitute for any person drafted, or liable to draft, in the military or naval service of the United States, whether the person so drafted, or liable to draft, shall be a resident of the District, or shall reside elsewhere. And any person who shall knowingly offend against any of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than two hundred and fifty dollars and not more than one thousand dollars, and by imprisonment in the District jail for a term not less than six months nor more than one year. Penalty of offi- SEC. 1180. Any officer of the District jail, or any guard thereof, or Ocrs of jail. any attache or employS connected therewith, who shall demand, or Ibid., s. 2, p. 499. directly or indirectly receive, any compensation, fee, reward, or gratuity for any information given in respect to any prisoner confined therein, or awaiting trial upon bail, or for any service, assistance, or influence rendered, given, or exerted, with any view, intent, or purpose of having such person thus charged or held for trial, or held on bail to await trial, taken, offered, or used, either as a volunteer or as a substitute, for any other in the military or naval service, or who shall corruptly receive, for any act done by virtue -f his office or employment, any fee, compensation, reward, or gratuity, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall on conviction be punished by a fine of not less than two hundred and fifty dollars, and not more than one thousand dollars, and by imprisonment in the District jail for a term not less than three months nor more than one year. Selling intoxi- SEC(. 1181. It shall not be lawful for any person in the District to sell, cating drinks to give, or administer, to any soldier or volunteer in the service of the soldiers; penalty. United States, or any person wearing the uniform of such soldier or vol5Aug.,1861, c. 44, unteer, any spirituous liquor or intoxicating drink; and any person v. 12, pp.s291, 292. offending against the provisions of this section shall, on conviction 14 July, 1862, c. thereof, pay a fine of twenty dollars, or, in default of such payment, be 1Unitld State, vs. committed to the District jail for thirty days. Bureh,.1 Cranch, C. C., 36. CRIMES AND OFFENSES. 137 SEC. 1182. Any person licensed to sell spirituous liquors or intoxicat- Penalty of pering drjnk within the District, who shall suffer or permit any soldier or sons licensed, pervolunteer in the service of the United States, or any person wearing the uniform of such soldier or volunteer, to drink any spirituous liquor 14 July, 18C'2, c. or intoxicatfing drink upon his premises, shall be deemed guilty of the 168, s5 2, v. 12, p. same offense mentioned in the preceding section, and, upon conviction, shall be punished accordingly. SEC. 1183. Any person convicted under the provisions of the two pre- Forfeiture of liceding sections shall forfeit his license to sell spirituous liquor and intox- ceuse. icating drink. Ibid., s. 3. PROTECTION OF GARDENS, GROUNDS, ETC. SEC. 1184. Every person who, in the District, shall willfully and mali- Injury to trees, ciously, or wantonly, and without cause, cut down or destroy, or by gird- works of art, &c. ling, lopping, or otherwise, injure any fruit or other tree, not his own, o2 June, 1860, c standing or growing for shade, ornament, or other useful purpose, or 1o90. 1, v. 12, pp. shall maliciously destroy, mutilate, or otherwise injure any statuary, 88,89. monument, or other work of art, standing or being on land not hid own, United States vs. or shall maliciously break down or injure any fence inclosing or belong- Wagner, 1 Cranch, ing to another's land, or shall maliciously sever from the freehold of CC., 314. another any product thereof, or anything attached thereto, shall be punished by imprisonment in the District jail not more than three months, or by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars. SEC. 1185. Every person who, in the District, without color of right, Carrying away shall willfully commit any trespass by cutting down or destroying any timber, soil, &c. timber or wood standing on the land of another, or by carrying away Ibid., s.2, p. 89. any kind of timber or wood cut down or lying on such land, or by digging up or carrying away any stone, ore, gravel, clay, sand, turf, or mold from such land, or any roots, fruit, or plant there being, or by cutting down or carrying away any grass, hay, grain, or corn, standing or being on such land, shall be punished by imprisonment in the District jail not more than sixty days, or by a fine not exceeding sixty dolEC. 1186. Every person who, in the District, without color of right, Trespass up o n shall willfully commit any trespass by entering upon the garden, orchard, gardens, &c. or other improved land of another, with intent to cut, take, carry away, Ibid., s. 3. destroy, or injure the trees, grain, grass, hay, fruit, or vegetables there growing or being, shall be punished by imprisonment in the District jail not more than forty days, or by a fine not exceeding fifty dollars. SEC. 1187. If any person shall willfully or maliciously cut down, break Penalty for indown, level, demolish, or otherwise destroy, or injure; or damage any jury to cemeteries. railing, fence, or inclosure around or upon any land conveyed to any 5 May, 1870, c. 80, cemetery association, or to the District, under the provisions of sections s. 5, v. 16, p. 107. five hundred and ninety-five and six hundred and four, as a burial-place for the interment of the dead, or any gate or post thereon, or shall remove, break, injure, or deface any tomb, or other stone, plank, or board, or any inscription thereon, or shall cut down, destroy, injure, or remove any tree or shrub standing or growing upon such land, he shall be liable to indictment, and, upon conviction, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. [Se ~~ 595, 604.] MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS. SEC. 1188. All manufacturers and venders of mineral waters and other Manfllacturersof beverages allowed by law to be sold in bottles, upon which their names mineralwatersmay or marks shall be respectively impressed, may file with the clerk of the file description of supreme court of the District a description of such bottles and of the att1s upon their name or marks thereon, and shall cause the same to be published for 28 July, 1866, c. not less than two weeks, successively, in a daily or weekly newslpaper, 307, s. t, v. 14, p. published in the District. 343. 138 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Penaltyforulsing SEC. 1189. It shall be unlawful for any person, without the permiso r d ea li g i n sion of the owner thereof, to fill with mineral waters or other beverages any such bottles so marked, for sale, or to traffic in any such bottles so 28 July, 1866, c. marked, and not bought by him of such owner, and every person so 307, s. 2, v. 14, p. offending shall be liable to a penalty of fifty cents for every bottle so filled, or sold, or used, or disposed of, or bought, or trafficked in, for the first offense; and of five dollars for every subsequent offense, to be recovered as other fines are recovered in the District. Regulations for SEC. 1190. All hay and straw, which may be sold by weight in the sale of hay and District, shall be sold by thenet hundred, and every twenty hundred stra'. pounds net weight shall be a ton. 27 July, 1868, c. 251, v. 15, p. 225. Regul a t ion of SEC. 1191. It shall not be lawful for any person to ride, drive, or lead travel os ver Ben- any horse, mule, or other animal over the wooden part of the upper gEastern Branch or Benning's bridge at a faster gait than a walk; or to 18 Aug., 1856, c. discharge any gun or other fire-arm on or under said bridge, or from the 165, s. 2, v. 11, P causeway leading thereto; and all persons violating either of the pro120. visions of this section shall forfeit and pay, for every offense, a penalty of not more than ten nor less than five dollars, the money when collected to be handed over to the authorities of the District, and by them applied to such repairs and improvements of the road leading to the bridge as from time to time may be required. CHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN. MILITIA. Sec. Sec. 1192. When the President may organize 1I227. Penalty for non-attendance. the militia. 1228. Misconduct of officers. 1193. Oath of officers. 1229. Of non-commissioned officers and. 1194. By whom administered, privates. 1195. Volunteer companies. 1230. By-standers or spectators, when 1196. To what orders subject. liable to punishment. 1197. Uniforms. 1231. Parade limits. 1198. No excuse from duty, unless. 1232. Apprentices to learn military music. 1199. Penalty for withdrawal. 1233. Father to be exempt from military 1200. Attachment to battalions, &c. duty. 1201. Militia districts. 1234. Clothing, maintenance, and instruc1202. Company divisions. tion. 1203. New enrollments. 1235. Yearly meeting of musicians for in1204. Removal from one district to an- struction. other. 1236. Compensation of instructors and 1205. Failing to produce certificate. musicians. 1206. Refusal to grant certificate; penalty. 1237. Company musters. 1207. Who to be enrolled. 1238. Battalion musters. 1208. Age to be proven, when. 1239. Legionary muster. 1209. Additional enrollments. 1240. Muster to continue one day only. 1210. Brigade inspector. 1241. Notice of musters to legionary com1211. Duties. manders. 1212. Annual returns. 1242. Communication of notice. 1213. Legionary staff. 1243. How notices given. 1214. Duty of adjutant. 1244. Sergeant failing to give notice; pen1215. Compensation of inspector and ad- alty. jutant. 1245. What notice deemed legal. 1216. Communication of orders. 1246. Appearance at musters. 1217. Non-commissioned officers. 1247. Company inspection. 1218. Their liabilities. 1248. Battalion inspection. 1219. When may be reduced to ranks. 1249. Returns of company officers. 1220. Officers to appear in uniform. 1250. Returns of commanding officers of 1221. Uniforms of non-commissioned offi- legions and battalions. cers and privates. 1251. Courts-martial for trial of general 1222. Penalty for not wearing uniform. officers. 1223. Orders to be obeyed. 1252. Arrest of field and staff officers, when. -1224. Officers to meet for training. 1253. Courts-martial fortrial of field and 1225. Training to continue three days. staff' officers. 1226. Eldest officer present to call the roll. MILITIA. 139 Sec. Sec. 1254. Brigade courts-martial for trial of 1277. Commitment. company officers. 1278. Account and'compensation of mar1255. Proceedings; approval of sentence. shal. 1256. Summons of witnesses. 1279. Recovery from marshal. 1257. Penalty of witness for default. 1280, Proceedings not to abate in certain 1258. Battalion courts of inquiry. cases. 1259. Oath of members. 1281. Disposal of fines. 1260. Proceedings of court. 1282. Paymaster's accounts. 1261. Legionary courts of inquiry. 1283. Bond, delinquency, and commissions 1262. Legionary courts extraordinary. of paymasters. 1263. Legionary courts, how composed. 1284. Remission of fines. 1264. Proceedings. 1285. Who is exempt from military duty. 1265. Retura of delinquent officers. 1286. Exemption of arms and equipments 1266.'Remitting fines and duty. from process. 1267. Clerk aidcl provost marshal. 1287. Exemption of person, when. 1268. Duties of clerk. 1288. Distribution of militia laws. 1269. Squadron courts of inquiry. 1280. When President may call out the 1270. Legionary courts of cavalry. militia. 1271. How composed and governed. 1290. Equipment and subsistence. 1272.- Forfeitures and penalties for delin- 1291. Orders and, details. quencies. 1292. To be governed by Articles of War. 1273. Remission of fines in certain cases. 1293. Powers of commanding officers in 1274. Fines of minors and apprentices, how certain cases. paid. 1294. Notice to President. 1275. Collection of fines. 1295. Pay and rations. 1276. Proceedings in distress. 1296. Repeal provisions. SEC. 1192. The President is authorized to cause the militia of the When the PresiDistrict to be formed into regiments and other corps, and, whenever in dent may organize his opinion necessary, to lay off said militia into additional companies, the militia. battalions, regiments, or legions and brigades, and to appoint and com- 3 May, 1802, C. mission, during pleasure, the proper officers for the same. 52, s. 13, v. 2, p. [See R. S. S. S., ~~ 1667,!670.1 195. 3 March, 1803, c. 20, s. 1, v. 2, p. 215; 9 July, 1846, c. 35, v. 9, p. 35. SEC. 1193. Every officer appointed and commissioned, according to Oath of officers. the provisions of this chapter, shall, previous to entering on the execu- 3 March, 1803, c. tion of his office, in addition to the oath prescribed in section seventeen 20, s. 5, v. 2, p. 216. hundred and fifty-six of the Revised Statutes, take the following oath: 2 July, 1862, c. 4:I,, do swear that I will support the Constitution of the 128, v. 12, p. 502. United States, and faithfully discharge the duties of in the of the militia of the District of Columbia to the best of my skill and judgment: so help me God." [see l. S. sU. S., ~ 1756.J SEC. 1194. The oath prescribed in the preceding section may be Bywhomadminadministered by a justice of the peace or by the clerk of the supreme istered. court of the District; and when administered by a justice of the peace 3 March, 1803, c. shall be certified by such justice to the clerk of the supreme court, there 20, s. 5, v. 2, p. 216. to be entered of record by the clerk. VOLUNTEER COMPANIES. SEC. 1195. The President shall, when he may deem it necessary Volunteer comappoint the proper officers, to compose at least one troop of cavalry, panies. one company of artillery, one company of light infantry, and one com- Ibid., s. 2, p. 215. pany of grenadiers or riflemen, to each legion, which officers shall proceed by voluntary enlistment, within their legion, to complete their companies with the least possible delay. SEC. 1196. The- volunteer companies authorized by the preceding To what orders section shall perform the same routine of duty, and be subject to the subject. same rules, regulations, penalties, and orders, as the rest of the militia; Ibid. but the President may order them out on duty, as occasion may require, by entire companies. SEC. 1197. Every person belonging to the volunteer companies shall Uniforms. wear, while on duty, such caps, or hats, and uniforms, to be purchased Ibid. at his own expense, as the commanding officer of the brigade to which he belongs shall direct. SEC. 1198. No person belonging to any battalion company shall, under No excuse from color of enlisting into any company to be made up by voluntary enroll- duty, unless. ment, be excused from doing duty in the infantry, and in the company Ibid. 140 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. in which he had been enrolled, or might be enrolled, until he shall have equipped himself for service in such volunteer company according to law, and shall have produced a certificate thereof, from the commanding officer of such company to the commanding officer of the battalion company to which he did or might properly belong. Penalty for with- SEC(. 1199. No person enlisted in any volunteer company shall be perdrawal. mitted to withdraw from the same, unless in case of removal from his 3 March, 1803, c. legionary district, under the penalty of ten dollars, to be recovered as 20, s. 2, v. 2, pp. 215, other fines imposed by this chapter, upon the evidence of the command216. ing officer of the company from which he shall so withdraw; and such commanding officers shall return all such cases to the first battalion court of inquiry that shall sit thereafter. Attachment t o SEC. 1200. Commanders of legions shall direct; by order to commanders battalions. of battalions, to what battalions the different volunteer companies shall Ibid,, p. 216. be attached and parade with on battalion duty; and shall direct how they shall be posted on legionary parades, unless differently ordered by the brigadier-general. ENROLLMIENT OF THE MILITIA. Militia districts. SEC. 1201. Where any battalion or company districts, or alteration in Ibid., S. 3, p. 216. districts actually laid off, may be found necessary, the commanding officers of legions shall assemble the commanding officers of battalions and companies at some fit and convenient place, and may proceed to lay off or alter any such battalion or company districts, which district shall in all cases be designated by certain lines and bounds, and recorded by the clerks of the respective courts of inquiry. Company divis- SEC. 1202. It shall be the duty of the commanding officers of comlpaions. nies to proceed forthwith to divide their companies into divisions by Ibid., s.4, p. 216. ballot, from one to ten, for the purpose of a regular routine of' duty when called into actual service, and to return a roster of each division, and its number or rotation, within fifteen dfays thereafter, to the commanding officer of the battalion, who shall forthwith transmit the same to the commanding officer of the regiment or legion, who shall direct the same to be recorded by the clerk of the court of inquiry. New enrollments. SEC. 1203. The regulations prescribed by the preceding section shall Ibid. be observed by every commanding officer of a company, battalion, and legion or regiment, on the subsequent enrollment of any person therein, unless such person shall produce a certificate of his having been bebfore drawn for such purpose, in which case he shall be enrolled accordingly. Removal from SEC. 1204. Any militia-man removing out of the bounds of one cornoac district to an- pany into another, shall apply to the commanding officer of the company ___oth___er. _ to which he did belong, who shall give him a discharge, certifying the class wherein he was arranged, and whether he had performed his tour of duty or not, and also the time and date of such service, which certificate said militia-man shall produce to the captain or commanding officer of the company into whose bounds he shall so have removed, within ten days after his settlement, and such officer is required to enroll him in the numerical class specified therein. Failing to pro- SEC. 1205. Every militia-man removing from one militia district to duce certificate. another and failing to produce the certificate required by the preceding Ibid. section, shall be arranged and enrolled in the class destined to perform the next tour of duty. Refusal to grant SEC. 1206. If any captain or commanding officer of a company shall certificate; p c n - refuse to grant the certificate mentioned in section twelve hundred and alty. four, upon application to him made for that purpose, he shall for such Ibid. refusal incur a penalty of thirty dollars. Who to be en — SECA. 1207. Commanding officers of companies shall enroll every ablerolled. bodied male, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, except such as are exempt from military duty by the laws of the United States, Ibid., s. 6, p. 1. resident within his district. [see ~ 104, 353,. 1285. See B. S. U. S., 1629.1 83, s. 4, v. 12, p. 407. Wise vs. Withers, 3 Cranch, 330; Slade vs. Minor, 2 Cranch, C. C., 139; United States vs. Smith, 2 Cranch, C. C., 293; Sanford vs. Boycl, 2 Cranch, C. C., 78. MILITIA. 141 SEC. 1208. In all cases of doubt respecting the age of any person Agetoteproven, enrolled or intended to be enrolled in any company, the party questioned whenshall prove his age to the satisfaction of the legionary court of inquiry March, 180.3, c. 20, s. 6, v. 2, pp. 216, within whose bounds he may reside. 217. SEC. 1209. It shall at all times' be the duty of commanding officers Additional en - of companies to enroll every male who shall, from time to time, arrive rollmrents. at the age of eighteen years, or who, being of the age of eighteen years, Ibid., p. 217. and under the age of forty-five years, except as provided in section 21 May, 1862, c. twelve hundred and seven, shall come to reside within his bounds, and 83, s. 4, v. 12, p. 407. shall, without delay, notify such person of his enrollment, by a proper non-commissioned officer, by whom such notice may be proved. GENERAL PROVISIONS OF ORGAINIZATION AND DISCIPLINE. SEC. 1210. A brigade-inspector, to act as brigade major, and be corn- Brigade-inspector. missioned with the rank of major, shall be appointed by the President. 3 March, 1803, c. 20, s. 19, v. 2, p. 221. SEC. 1211. It shall be the duty of the brigade-inspector to attend the Duties. brigadier-general when required, to receive and execute all orders neces- Ibid. sary to carry into effect the provisions of this chapter, and to attend the annual training of the officers, and at the several legionary and battalion musters. And he shall inspect the several battalions belonging to his brigade, at their respective musters, and shall take an accurate account, from personal inspection, of the quality of the arms and accouterments, and whether the same are fit or unfit for service, and shall ascertain with precision the bores of muskets. SEC. 1212. The brigade-inspector shall make annual returns in the Annual returns. month of June, of each year, of the state of the militia of the brigade to Ibid. which he belongs, to the commanding officer of the brigade, to be by him deported to the President; and upon refusal or neglect he shall be subject to a fine of thirty dollars, unless he can make a reasonable excuse to the commanding officer of the brigade. SEC. 1213. The lieutenant-colonel commandants are authorized to Legiona'y staff. appoint a legionary staff, to consist of one adjutant, one quartermaster, Ibid. and one paymaster, to be taken from the officers of the line; and one surgeon and one surgeon's mate, and also one sergeant-major, one quartermaster's sergeant, one drum-major, and one fife-major, which appointments shall be evidenced by warrants under the hand of the lieutenantcolonel commandant. SEC. 1214. It shall be the duty of the adjutant to attend and execute Duty of adjutant. the orders of the commanding officer of his legion; necessary to carry Ibid into effect the provisions of this chapter, and to attend the legionary and battalion musters, as also the meeting of the officers within his legion, and upon refusal or neglect, he shall be subject to a fine not exceeding fifteen dollars, nor less than five dollars, at the discretion of the legionary court of inquiry, unless he can make a reasonable excuse to the commanding officer of his legion; and it shall further be the duty of the adjutant to assist generally in the necessary training of the militia. SEC.. 1215. The adjutant and the brigade-inspector shall severally be Compensation of allowed such compensation as the legionary courts of inquiry may, from inspector and adtime to time, think reasonable, to be paid out of the funds arising from jutant. fines. Ibid. SEC. 1216. The brigadier-generals are authorized to employ some Communication person within their respective districts, to convey all orders from them of orders. to the commanding officers of corps respecting the militia of the District. Ibid., s. 26, p. 224. And such person shall be exempt from all other militia duty, and shall receive such compensation as the legionary court of inquiry, in which district such orders may, from time to time, be delivered, shall think proper, on his producing to the court a certificate of his having discharged said services. SEC. 1217. Each captain or commanding officer of a company shall Non- co m mi s appoint to his company bfour sergeants, four corporals, a drummer, and sioned officers. filer, to be approved of by the commanding officerof his battalion; the Ibid.,s.13,p. 220. 142 DISTrICT OF COLUMBIA. appointment of such non-commissioned officers to be evidenced by warrant under the hand of the commanding officer of the battalion. Their liabilities. SEC. 1218. If any person so appointed and approved of, and having.3 March, 1803, c. accepted, shall refuse or neglect to take upon himself the duties of his'20, s. 13, v. 2, p. 220. appointment, or shall neglect or refuse to obey the orders of his superior officer, he shall, for each offense, forfeit and pay a sum, at the discretion of the court of inquiry, not exceeding ten dollars. When may be SEC. 1219. Commanding officers of battalions shall have power to reduced to ranks. reduce to the ranks any non-commissioned officer, whom, on complaint Ibid. made, and due notice given, he shall find guilty of misconduct, or neglect of duty. Officers to ap- SEC. 1220. All commissioned officers are required to appear in full pear in uniform. uniform when on duty, and on failure shall forfeit and pay five dollars Ibid., s. 18, pp. for each offense. 220, 221. Uniforms of non- SEC. 1221. All non-commissioned officers and privates belonging to commissioned offi- battalion companies shall appear while on duty uniformly clothed, the cers aud priva..tes. color and Iashion of which nniforms to be determined on for the respectIbid.,s. 27, p.224. ive legions by the first legionary courts of inquiry which shall be held, and to be approved of by the brigadier-general; provided the expense of the same, additional to that of usual, ordinary and cheap clothing, does not exceed five dollars for each person. Penalty for not SEC. 1222. Every non-commissioned officer or drummer or fifer or wearing uniform. private appearing at any muster held after three months from the time Ibid. that such uniforms shall have been determined on and the order relative thereto shall have been published in some newspaper within the legionary district, and not wearing the same, shall be fined five dollars for each offense, unless he can make it appear to the satisfaction of the court of inquiry of the battalion to which he may belong, that he was unable to equip himself. Orders in rela- SEC. 1223. All orders in relation to procuring or wearing such uniform tion to uniforms to and equipments, or either of them, as shall have been previously deteraltoeyed;. pen- uined on, which shall be issued and communicated by the brigadiergeneral to the officers of the brigade, or any of them, shall be forthwith 1 July, 1812, c. obeyed; and for every disobedience of any such order, the delinquent s. 7, v. 2, p. 770. shall be subject to the penalty or fine prescribed in the preceding section, besides being subject to arrest. Officers to meet SEC. 1224. The commissioned officers of the several legions shall meet for training, once in every year, within their respective legionary districts, for the 3 March, 1803, c. purpose of being trained and instructed by the brigade-inspector; the 10, s. 14, v.2, p220. (lays and places of meeting to be fixed by the commanding officer of the brigade to which the legions belong. Training to con- SEC. 1225. The officers assembled in accordance with the preceding tilue three days. section shall each continue three days, and no longer. I bid. Eldest o ffl c er SEC. 1226. The eldest officer present shall call the roll each day, and prellsent to call the report the delinquencies to the succeeding legionary court of inquiry. Ibid. Penalty for non- SEC. 1227. Every officer failing to attend such meeting on being sumattendance. moned, not having a reasonable excuse, to be adjudged of by the court Ibid. of inquiry, shall forfeit and pay ten dollars for each day he shall fail so to attend. Misconduct of SEC. 1228. Any officer who shall be guilty of disobedience, or other officers. misbehavior, when on duty, or shall at any time be guilty of any conlbid.,s. 15, p. 220. duct unbecoming the character of an officer, shall be put under arrest by his commanding officer, and tried as directed by this chapter. Misconduct of SEC. 1229. If any non-commissioned officer or soldier shall behave non- commissioned himself disobediently, or mutinously, when on duty, or before any court oficers andd sol- or board directed by law to be held, or shall leave the ranks without diers, permission of his officer, on any occasion of parading the company to Ibid.,s. 16,p. 220. which he belongs, or appear drunk, or use any reproachful or abusive language to his officers, or any of them, or shall quarrel himself, or pro MLITIA. 143 mote any quarrel among his fellow-soldiers, the court or board may confine him for the day, or he shall be disarmed and put under guard, by Qrder of the commanding officer present, until the company is dismissed, as the case may be. And he shall, moreover, be fined at the discretion of the court of inquiry, in any sum not exceeding ten dollars, nor less than one dollar. SEC. 1230. If any bystander shall interrupt, molest, or insult any Bystanders or officer or soldier, while on duty at any muster, or shall be guilty of like spectators, wh e n conduct before any court or board, the commanding officer, or such llet to punishcourt or board, may cause him to be confined for the day. 3 March, 1803, c. 20, s. 17, v. 2, p. 2'20. SEC. 1231. The commanding officer of each brigade, legion, battalion, Parade limits. or company, shall have power to fix certain limits to their respective Ibid. parades, within which no spectator or bystander shall enter, without permission from the commanding officer, and if any person shall intrude or offend, he shall be liable to be confined during the day, in such manner as the commanding officer shall direct. SEC. 1232. The respective courts of inquiry shall have power to cause Apprentices to to be bound for a term of years, to the several commandants of corn- learn military mupanies, battalions, and legions, and their successors in office, as the sic. case may require, such number of boys and young men, with the consent Ibid., s. 28, p. 224. of their parent or other person authorized, as they in their discretion may deem proper, for the purpose of being instructed in the different branches of military music, and of serving as musicians when they may be competent thereto, to the several companies, battalions, and legions. SEC. 1233. The father of any youth who may be so bound, otherwise Father to be exsubject to be enrolled, shall be exempt from all duty in the militia, so emptfrom military long as his son so bound may continue to serve in the corps to which he duty. would otherwise belong, as well during his apprenticeship as thereafter. Ibid. SEc. 1234. The several legionary courts of inquiry shall make pro- Clothing, mainvision from time to time for the clothing, maintenance, and proper tenauce, and ininstruction of all such youths, to be paid fromn the fund arising from struc ion. fines. Ibid. SEC. 1235. The commanding officers of legions shall cause the drum- Yearly meeting mers and fifers and other musicians of their respective legions to meet, of musicians for at the same times and places that commissioned officers are required to instruction. meet for the purpose of being trained by the brigade inspector or other Ibid. officer, there to be instructed in their respective branches of music, for which purpose the coirmmanding officer of the legion may employ such person as he may think proper and capable to instruct the drummers and fifers, and other musicians. SEC. 1236. The person so employed by the commanding officer of the Compensation of legion may be allowed such compensation as the legionary court of instructor s an d inquiry may authorize, and each drummer and fifer, and other musician, musicians unless an apprentice, shall be allowed, during the time they are con- Ibid., pp. 224,225. venedc, one dollar per day, to be paid out of the funds arising from fines. MUSTERS. SEC. 1237. There shall be a muster of each troop of cavalry and com- Company muspany of militia, comprehending the companies made up by voluntary enrollment, in the months of April, June, and September in each year, Ibid., s. 11, p.218. to be appointed by the respective legionary courts of inquiry, at such 1 July, 1812, c. places as may be deemed most convenient within the District. 113, s. 2, v., p. 9. SEC. 1238. There shall be a muster for exercise and inspection of each Battalion muster. battalion in the month of May in every year, to be appointed by the commanding officer of the brigade to which such battalions respectively 3 March, 1803, belong, at such places as he may think proper within the District. c,s, v., p. 21 Feb., 187], c. 62, s.1, v.16,p.419. SEC. 1239. There shall be a muster of each legion in the month of Legionary mu sOctober or November in each year, to be appointed by the command- ter. 144 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 3 March, 1803, c. ing officer of the brigade to which such legion belongs, at such place I0J,; 11, V.21S, as he may think most convenient within the legionary district. s. 1, v. 2, p.769. Musters to con- SEC. 1240. The company, battalion, and legionary musters, provided tinue oneday only. for by the three preceding sections, shall continue one day and no 3 March, 1803, c longer. 20, s. 11, v. 2, p. S19. 0otice of 2mu19s- SEC. 1241. The time and place of all legionary, company, and batters to be given tali.on musters shall be notified to the conlmanding officers of legions commandant. thirty days previous thereto. ibid. Commlnication SEC. 1242. Commanding officers of legions shall give notice to the of notice. commanding officers of battalions, of such brigade, legionary, company, Ibid. and battalion musters, at least twenty days; the commanding officers of battalions, to the commanding officers of companies, at least fifteen days; and the commanding officers of companies to their sergeants, at least ten days; and the sergeants to each person in their respective companies, at least three days before such musters, respectively. How notices giv- SEC. 1243. The notices to be given by the commanding officers of en. brigades, legions, battalions, and companies shall be in writing, delivered Ibid. to each person to be notified, or left at his usual place of abode. Sergeant failing SEC. 1244. Every sergeant failing to give notice, agreeably to the to give notice; pen- orders of the commanding officer of his company, to each person therein, Ibid. 1,shall forfeit and pay for each offense five dollars. What noti e e s SEC. 1245. All notices publicly given by the commanding officers of deemed legal. companies at their respective musters, of any subsequent muster, shall Ibid. - be deemed legal notice, as to all persons present. Appearance at SEC. 1246. Every officer and soldier shall appear at his respective muster. mnuster-field on the day appointed, by ten o'clock in the forenoon, armed ibid, and equipped. Company inspec- SEC. 1247. At every muster the commanding officer of the company tion. shall cause his roll to be called, and shall examine every person belongIbid. ing thereto, and note down all delinquencies accruing therein, and shall personally inspect the arms, ammunition, and accouterments of all udler his command, and make accurate return of the whole thereof to the commanding officer of his battalion in five days thereafter. Battalion inspec- SEC. 1248. It shall be the duty of commanding officers of companies tiionl. to have their companies prepared, at the battalion musters, for inspecIbid. tion, by means of returns, the forms of which to be furnished them by the brigade-inspector, through the commanding officers of the legion and battalion to which they belong, which returns shall be filed, ready to be delivered to the inspector as he shall commence the inspection of each company. Returns of com- SEC. 1249. Each commanding officer of a company shall, within five pony officers. days after every battalion and legionary muster, make up and report to Ibid., s. 12, pp. the commanding officer of his battalion a return of his company, in such 219, 220. manner and form as shall be furnished by the adjutant; and it shall be the duty of commanding officers of battalions to make like returns, within five days thereafter, to the commlanding officers of legions, who shall cause the adjutants of their respective legions to make legionary returns to the brigade-inspector within ten days thereafter. Returns of cornm- SEC. 1250. Commanding officers of legions and battalions shall, at maelding officersof their respective legionary and battalion musters, take notice of all delinlegions and battalions. quent officers, and shall lay the same, together with returns of delinIbid.,.. 19. quencies from the commanding officers of companies, before the courts Ibid.,. 112 p 219 of inquiry appointed under the provisions of this chapter to take cognizance of, and determine on them; and to each of said returns shall be annexed the following certificate, ntamely:' I,, do certify tlat the returns hereunto annexed contain all the delinquencies which have occurred since my last return, having duly examined the same." COUTRTS-MARITIAL. for trial of general SEC. 1251. The President. upon colplaint for his misondluct, lodged officers. wvith the Departlment of War, in writing, by any one or more commis MILITIA. 145 sioned officers, may at his discretion cause to be arrested any major-gen- 3 March, 1803, eral or brigadier-general, and order a court-martial, to be composed of C. 20, s. 7, V. 2, p. all the other general officers, field-officers, and captains, or so many of 217. them, having regard to seniority, as shall amount to thirteen, in the militia of the District. SEC. 1252. Any major-general or brigadier-general, for misconduct Arrest of field within his own knowledge, or upon complaint lodged in writing, by any and staff officers, commissioned officer, shall have power to arrest any lieutenant-colonel when. commandant, aid-de-camp, brigade-inspector, and major, or any other Ibid. inferior officer. SEC. 1253. The commanding officer of the division or brigade shall Courts-mart i al order a court-martial for the trial of any officer arrested under the pre- for trial of field and staff officers. ceding section, to be composed of one brigadier-general, and as many lieutenant-colonel commandants, mnajors, and captains, as shall make Ibid. up a number not less than thirteen. SEc. 1254. And any brigadier-general, lieutenant-colonel command- Brigade courtsant, or major, for misconduct in any captain or subaltern, within his martial for trial of own knowledge, or upon complaint lodged in writing, by any commis- company officers. sioned officer, may arrest such captain or subaltern; and the brigadier Ibid. or commanding officer of the brigade shall order a brigade court- martial, for the trial of such captain or subaltern, to be composed of one or more field-officers, and a sufficient number of captains and subalterns to make up a number not less than thirteen. SEC. 1255. The courts-martial provided for by the four preceding sec- Proceedings; aptions shall proceed to hear and determine on all offenses under this proval of sentence. chapter, and may censure or cashier any officer so tried; which sentence Ibid. shall be final, when approved by the President of the United States. SEC. 1256. For obtaining the necessary evidence for the trials by Summons ofwitcourt- martial, the President of the United States, or the presiding officer nesses. of the court, as the case may be, shall issue his summons. Ibid. SEC. 1257. Every person summnoned as provided by the preceding sec- Penalty of wittion, and failing to attend and to give evidence, shall be subject to, and ness for default. may be tried by, a court-martial; and, it an officer, may, at the discre- ibid. tionl of the court, be cashiered, or fined not exceeding six months' pay; and it a non-commissioned officer, or soldier, or a person not enrolled, he shall be reported to the court of inquiry of the regiment or legion to which he shall belong, or within whose bounds he shall reside, and be then subject to such fines and penalties as the court of inquiry may think proper to inflict, not exceeding forty dollars. COURTS OF INQUIIRY. SEC. 1258. There shall be battalion courts of inquiry, to be appointed Battalion courts by the commanding officer of the battalion, for the assessment of fines of inquiry. incurred under this chapter, in such battalion; and Such courts of inquiry Ibid., s. 8, pp. shall be held in the months of July and November, in each year, at some 217, 218. convenient place within the district, to consist of the commanding offi- 1 July, 1812, c. cer of the battalion and the commanding officers of companies which 113, s. 3, v. 2, p. shafll belong to or be attached to such battalion, or a majority of them. 769. SEC. 1259. Each member of a court of inquiry shall take the following Oath of members. oath, to be administered by the presiding officer, and afterward by any 3 March, 1803, c. other officer of the court, to him: "1,,will truly and faithfully 20, s. 8, v. 2, p. 218. inquire into all delinquencies which appear on the returns, to be laid before me, and will assess the fines thereon, as shall seem just, without falvor, plartiality, or affection: so help me God." SEC. 1260. The presiding officer shall lay before the court of inquiry Proceedings of all the delilnquencies, as directed by lsaw, whereupon the court shall pro- court. ceed to hear and determine.. Ibid. SE. 1261. There shall be legionary courts of inquiry, for the assess- Legionary courts ment of fines incurred by the officers of the legion, and for other duties, of inquiry. required by this chapter, and such courts of inquiry shall be held by the Ibid. appointment of the commanding officer of the legion, in not less than tenl, and not more than twenty days, after each battalion court of inquiry. s I —-10 146 DISTRICT OF COLUMTBIA. Legionary courts SEC. 1262. The commanding officer of each legion is empowered to extraordinaly. appoint and convene legionary courts extraordinary, which may exer1 Jllyi, 1812, 0. iese all the powers, and perform any of the duties, of the ordinary legion11:3 s. 3, v. 2, p. ary courts of inquiry, except the power of assessing fines incurred by 76;9. the officers of the legion, for any delinquency or neglect of duty, other than failing to attend such legionary courts extraordinary. Legionary courts, SEC. 1263. Legionary courts of inquiry shall consist of the commanding how composed. officers of the legion, battalions, and companies, or a majority of them, 3 March, 1803, c. who shall take an oath, in manner and form as prescribed in section 20, s. A, v. 2, p. 218. twelve hundred and fifty-nine. Proceedings. SE(. 1264. The commandcing officer of the legion shall lay before the Ilbid-. legionary court all delinquencies, directed by law, whereupon the court shall proceed to hear and determine. Return of delin- SEC. 1265. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer of every court qulent officers. of inquiry to return to the next legionary court of inquiry all delinquent Ibid. officers failing to attend the preceding court, to be proceeded against according to law. RPemitting fines SEC. 1266. The legionary court of inquiry may, for good cause shown, anrd edutyS. remit any fine imposed by the battalion court last preceding; and said I bid. court may also exempt any militia-man from duty on account of bodily infirmity, and may again direct such person to be enrolled when able to do duty. Clerk and pro- SEC. 1267. The respeqtive legionary courts of inquiry shall annually appoint, by ballot, a clerk and a provost-marshal, who shall attend the Ibid., s.9. courts directed to be held, and who shall each receive such allowance, to be paid out of the fines, as the legionary court shall think reasonable. Duties of clerk. SEC. 1268. The clerk shall keep a fair record of the proceedings of such Ibid. courts, as also of the roster returned by the several captains or commanding officers of companies for regular routine of duty, and shall make out for the collector a fair list of all the fines assessed by the legionary and battalion courts, and one other list, which shall be retained k)by the clerk, on which list the collector's receipts shall be taken; the said lists shall be made out and delivered to the collector in fifteen days after each leionary court of inquiry; and the clerk shall perform all other duties required by this chapter. Sqluadron courts SEC. 1269. Squadron courts of inquiry, for the squadron of cavalry of i1l(ll'lY. wvithin the District, shall be separately held; but whenever a legionary 1 Jnls, 1812, c. court of inquiry, as by law directed, shall be held, the cavalry within 113, s. 6, v. 2, p. n70. the limits of the legion for which such court may be held shall be subject to its jurisdiction and authority; and the commanding officers of the squadron and companies of cavalry shall be members of such legionary court for.the legion within which they shall respectively reside. Legionary courts SEC. 127t0. When the cavalry shall be formed into a separate legion, of cJvalry'. there shall be separate legionary courts held by and for them at some ibid. place within the District. I-ow composed SEC. 1271. Both the squadron and legionary courts of cavalry shall and governed. be respectively for similar purposes, shall be appointed and constituted Ilbid. in a similar manner, and be subject to the same rules and regulations as the battalion and legionary courts authorized and directed by this chapter. DELINQUENCIES. Forfeitures and SEC. 1272. The following forfeitures and penalties shall be incurred penalties for delin- for delinquencies, viz: q uencies. 3 MalLrch 1803, c. 20, s. 20, v. 2, pp. 221, 222. Of commanding By a lieutenant-colonel commandant, or commanding officer of a officer of legion. legion, for failing to take an oath to summon any court or board, or Ibid. failing to give notice of a brigade, legionary, or battalion muster; or to report, d(leliLquencies, or to make returns of his legion, shall for eac'h offense or Ileglect, fortfit and pay a sum Inot exceeding seventry dollars; MlIITIA. 147 for failing to send into service any militia legally called for, three hundred dollars. By a major, for failing to take an oath, to attend any court or boards Of major. to give notice of any brigade, legionary, or battalion muster, to examine ]lis battalion, to report delinquencies, or to make any return, he shall forfeit and pay for each offense or neglect, a sum not exceeding thirty dollars; for failing to call forth his battalion with due dispatch, or any detachment of men or officers as shall be required by the commanding officer of his legion, or upon any call from the President, one hundred and fifty dollars. By a captain, for failing to take an oath, to attend any court, to enroll Of captain. his men, to give notice of a. brigade, legionary, or battalion muster, to attend any muster armed, to cause his roll to be called, examine his company and report delinquencies, or to allot his company into divisions, from one to ten, for a regular routine of duty, or to make any return as directed by this chapter, he shall forfeit and pay for each offense or neglect, a sum not exceeding twenty dollars; failing to call forth such officers and men, as shall be legally called from his company, upon any call from the President, or failing on such occasions to repair to the place of rendezvous, he shall forfeit and pay seventy-five dollars. By a subaltern officer, for failing to take an oath, to attend any court Of subalternoffior muster, armed as directed, for each offense he shall forfeit and pay a cer. sum, at the discretion of the court of inquiry, not exceeding ten dollars; failing to repair to the place of rendezvous, armed as required, when ordered upon any call from the President, he shall forfeit and pay fifty dollars, to be adjudged of and determined by the respective legionary courts of inquiry. By a non-commissioned officer or soldier, for failing to repair to his Of non-commisrendezvous when ordered upon any call from the President, he shall for- sioneel officers or feit and pay a sum not exceeding fifty dollars, to be adjudged of and soldiers. determined by the respective battalion courts of inquiry, and shall be enrolled in the class destined to perform the next tour of duty; and all officers failing as provided in this section, shall be subject to be arrested, tried, censured, or cashiered, at the discretion of the battalion courts of inquiry. Any non-commissioned officer or soldier failing to attend at his bri- Ibid. gade, legionary, battalion, or company muster, armed and equipped as the law directs, shall forfeit and pay a sum not less than seventy-five cents, nor more than five dollars, at the discretion of the battalion courts of inquiry. Any'private at or near the muster-ground at any legionary, battalion, Of privates at or company muster, who shall refuse or neglect to go into the ranks muster. when required, shall forfeit and pay ten dollars. SEC. 1273. If any non-commissioned officer or private shall be returned Remission of as a delinquent in not appearing, armed and accoutered as the law iunes in certain directs, the court of inquiry before whom the same shall be tried may, if it appear reasonable, remit the fine incurred by him, provided every 3 March, 1803, c. such delinquent shall make it appear that he was unable to procure the 20, $. 20, v. 2, p. legal equipment. COLLECTION OF FIINES. SEC. 1274. The fines and penalties incurred by infants and appren- aFines ofappre mticenors; tices, for breach or neglect of duty, in any. particular service by law how paid. required of them, shall be paid by the parent, guardian, or master. Ibid., s. 21. SEC. 1275. All fines assessed under the provisions of this chapter shall Collection\ of be certified by the clerks of the legionary and battalion courts of inquiry, fines. respectively, by which the same shall be assessed, and delivered to the 1 July, 1812, c. marshal of the District, within fifteen days after the sitting of the court 113, E. 4, v. 2, pp empowered finally to determine, and he shall give a receipt therefor. 769, 770. SEC. 1276. The marshal shall fortlhwith proceed to collect said fines, Proceedings in and, upon failure of payment when called for, to levy the amount with cdistress. costs by distress and sale of.the goods and chattels of the delinquent; Ibid. p770. 148 DISTRICT OF." COLUMBIA. which costs and manner of proceeding shall be the same as iln other cases of distress. Commitment. SEC. 1277. Where there are no goods or chattels to be found whereof 1 July, 1sr2, 1. to levy, the marshal shall commit the delinquent to jail, and hold him 113, s. 4, v. 2, p. 770. in close confinement during the term of twenty-four hours for each and Ryan rs. Ring- every fine by him payable, unless the same shall be sooner paid, in the gold, 3 Cranchl C. gold, 3 ranc C same manner as other persons condemned to fine and imprisonment at the suit of the United States may be committed. Ac count and SEC. 1278. The marshal shall account for all fines, and pay such as compensation of have been by him levied, to the paymaster of the legion from which he received the certified lists, within six months after the lists are delivered Ibid. to him, deducting twelve and a half per centum as a compensation for his trouble. Recovery from SEC. 1279. In case of failure of the marshal to account for and pay marshal. over the fines collected by him, as provided in the preceding section, Ibid. the same shall be recovered by motion in the supreme court of the District in the name of the paymaster of the legion, with twelve and a half per centum damages, and legal interest on the amount from the time it ought to have been paid, and cost of suit: Provided, The marshal shall have had ten days' notice of such motion. Proceedings not SEC. 1280. Ifs during the pendency of proceedings in any case, and to abate in certain before payment is made by the marshal, the paymaster, in whose name the proceedings are going on, should be removed from office, it shall Ibid. not abate or in any manner interrupt or affect the proceedings, but the name of the succeeding paymaster may be substituted until the proceedings are formally closed. Disposal of fines. SEC. 1281. The fines paid into the hands of the paymaster by virtue 3 March, 1803, c. of this chapter shall be held as a fund for defraying the salaries of the 20, s. 23,7. 2, p. 223. officers and other persons herein mentioned, and the maintenance and instruction, and pay of musicians, and of equipping and furnishing the militia with standards and musical instruments, and uniforms in certain cases, with every other thing necessary, to be adjudged and determined by the legionary courts of inquiry; and all accounts passed by such court, and certified by the lieutenant-colonel commandant, shall be sufficient to authorize the paymaster to pay the same. Paymaster's ac- SEC. 1282. The paymaster shall keep a regular account of all moneys connts. received and disbursed by him on account of the legion, and shall once Ibid. in every three months render his accounts and settle with the court of inquiry. Bond, delinquen- SEC. 1283. The paymaster shall give bond and security, to be approved cy, andcommission by the court of inquiry, for the faithful performance of his duty, and of 1paymaster. shall be subject to the same mode of recovery for delinquency as pre1 July, 1812, c. scribed in section twelve hundred and seventy-eight, and shall be 113, secs. 2, 4, v. 2, allowed a commission of two and a half per centum on the several sums p. 769. by him disbursed. Remission of SEC. 1284. Where any fine or fines shall have been collected or fines. imposed, the delinquent shall be at liberty, at any time within twelve Ibid., s. 5, p. 770. months after such imposition, to apply to any of the legionary courts to return or remit the same, and the court is empowered to make such order in the case as may seem to them, or a majority of them, to be right and just. MIISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. Who is exempt SEC. 1285. The president, professors, tutors, stewards, and students from militia duty. Of the different seminaries of learning in the District are exempt from 4 May, 1826, c. the performance of militia duty except in case of war. 30, v. 4, p. 157. Ex parte Smith, 2 Cranch, C. C., 693. Exemp tion of SEC. 1286. The arms and other equipments belonging to an officer, armets rd eqprip- non'commissioned officer, or private are exempt from taxation or execucess. tiou. 1 July, 1512, c. 113, s. 8, v. 2, p. 771. MILITIA. 149 SEC. 1287. The persons of officers, non-commissioned officers, ana Exemption of privates of the militia shall be exempt from arrest and process in civil Per s o n s frolm, cases while going to, continuing at, or returning from musters, and when. while in actual service. 20, s. a25, v. s, p. 224. SEC. 1288. The. Secretary of War shall cause a sufficient number of Distribution of copies of this chapter, together with Title XVI of the Revised Statutes, militia laws. 6" THE MILITIA," and the articles of war, to be printed and distributed Ibid.,s. 29, p. 225. throughout the District, so that every general and field-officer therein, and every brigade-inspector and captain, be furnished with one copy each. [See B1. S., U. S., ~~ 1625-1661; 1342-1343.] WHEN CALLED INTO ACTUAL SERVICE. SEC. 1289. The President is authorized and empowered, on an inva- When President sion or insurrection, or probable prospect thereof, to call forth such a may call out the number of militia from the District, and in such a manner, whether by militia. routine of duty or otherwise, as he may deem proper. Ibid.,s. 24, p. 223. SEC. 1290. For the accommodation, equipment, and support of the Equipment and militia so at any time called forth, the President may appoint such quar- subsistence. termasters, commissaries, and other staff as to him shall seem proper, and Ibid. fix their pay and allowances, and shall also take such measures for procuring, transp)orting, and issuing all orders which may be necessary. SEC. 1291. Orders for the militia to be called forth as provided in sec- Orders and deotion twelve hundred eighty-nine, shall be sent to the commanding officer tails. of the District, with a notification of the place or places of rendezvous, Ibid. who shall immediately take measures for detaching the same, with the necessary number and ranks of officers, by detail and rotation of duty or otherwise, as he may be ordered. SEC. 1292. Whenever any militia shall be called forth into actual serv- To be governed ice, they shall be governed by the articles of war, which govern the by articles of war. troops of United States. And courts-martial shall be held as provided Ibid. by the articles of war, to be composed of miltia-officers only, for the trial of any person, in the militia; but for cashiering any officer, or the capital punishment of any person, the approbation of the President of the United States shall be necessary. [See R. S. U. S., pp. 22S-241.1 SECf. 1293. If a sudden invasion shall be made into the District, or in Powers of comcase of an insurrection therein, the commanding officer of the militia of manding officer in the District is authorized and required to order out the whole or such certain cases. part of the militia as he may think necessary, and in such manner as he Ibid.,v. 2, pp. 223, may think best, for repelling or suppressing such invasion or insurrec- 224. tion; and shall call on the commanding officers of the adjacent counties for such aid as he may think necessary, who shall forthwith and in like manner furnish the same. SEc. 1294. In the event of any militia being ordered out by the com- Notice to the manding officer of the District as authorized by the preceding sections, President. such officer shall immediately notify the same, and the cause thereof, Ibid., p. 224. to the President of the United States. SEC. 1295. When the militia shall be in actual service, they shall be Pay and rations. allowed the same pay and rations as are allowed by law to the militia of Ibid., p.223 the United States. (see B. S.. S., ~~ 1650-1653.] SEC. 1296. All acts of Congress passed prior to the first day of Decem- Repeal provisber, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, relating to the Dis- ions. trict of Columbia, any portion of which is embraced in the foregoing revision are hereby repealed; and the section applicable thereto shall be in force in lieu thereof; and this revision of the acts of Congress relating to the District of Columbia shall be subject to, and governed by the provisions of chapter seventy-four of the Revised Statutes of the.United States, entitled " Repeal Provisions." Isee B. S. U. s, 5595-0601.] Approved, June 22, 1874. [The inside figures refer to sections; the outside, or black-faced, figures refer to pages.] A.o Page. PIage. Actionls-Continued. Abandoned Property, (see Stolen, Lost,,cc., by original process, to be only against an Property,) inhabitant of, or person found within custody, register, and disposal of.408-424 4, 49 the District 767 91 A bandonment, to recover real estate, must be in name of ground for divorce from bond of marriage, real party in interest. ——. —. 809 96 when-.-.......................738 88 agailist joint obligors, &c., how brought Abatement of Nuisances, (see Health7, Public,) 827 98 provision for-.-.- -.- - 0- ---.380-385 44, 45 for official misconduct, not triable by jusAbatement of Suits, tices of the peace..............997 l117 none, by or against former corporations before justice of the peace triable by jury, of Washington and Georgetown, when.1009 118 &c..............................95 I19 Adjutant, (see Militia.) Academical Degrees, institutions of learning organized under Administrators, general law may grant-..... 521 63 not liable on account of stock held by them Accessolries, in certain corporations... - —. 576 7O to crime of arson, punishment of.-.1151 132 may represent and vote on stock so held, before the fact- 5 to rape1152 32 when may be called upon to give other or to burgaryp....................... 11524 132 further security............ 974 114 to robbery... q.. -.1154 32 failing to give security may be removed, to horse-stealing.1155.3 wh... en.... — 975 114 to mayhem. -.- - - r - 1.. 15)5 -1 3 2 must have notice of application for other to bigamy ------—. ——...- - 1155 1i32 or further security..... -.978 L 14 after the fact to any felony, how punished, do bonis non, estate and assets of decedent 1163 134 to be delivered to.-.............976 114 Account, Open, of justice of the peace to deliver dockets to in action on, affidavit of plaintiff, how clerkofsupreme.court- 1032 129 verified- -...,,.,,-..P —- - -1 —826 98 penalty for neglect.-... o......e1033 1120 _ccounts, Aldultery, for Government buildings and public works, ground for divorce from bond of marregulation of.. —-... 238-245 127, 2 riage.......... 7....38 penalty for drawing money from the Treas- by wife, after judgment of divorce from ury on fictitious...........45 2 bed and board, deprivation of aliAcknowledgment of Deeds, (see Conveyance of inony, &c., for.-.. 749, 88, 89 Ieal Estate,) husband or wife incompetent as witness before whom may be made.- -. 441 52 in cases of.......-. ——. - ---- 877 193 in foreign countries...................444 52 Advertisement, form of certificate of.................. 442 52 of sale of property for taxes, (see Collection official character of officer taking, to be of Taxes.) certified to, when.. — 443, 445 52 of partnership notices, (see Partnerships.) by married woman, privy examination re- Afidavit quired...................450 5, c ertain defective, cured 450 of general partners, as to payment by specertain defective, cured -. 458-464, 5 5 cial partners -----. - --- - 494 59 what words sufficient to express......465 55 by pcblishers, of notice of partership - 499 0 notaries public may take- - 986 115 by ptbishers, of notice of partnership 499 69 court may take -.1056 13 of notice of dissolution of partnership..517 6 zpolicn (see Souizt may 88),.,,,,,.9-,.1 for attachment and garnishment, what Actions, (see Suits,) against District for non-payment of school- must show. 93 moneys, trustees of colored schools to be filed with declaration in replevin.814 96 to have...-.. 308 36 Agreements, against purchaser of chattels of delinquent made without authority of law, void..52 6 tenant, landlord to have -...679 2 delivered to recorder of deeds for record, for unlawful detainer of real estate, how when to take effect -..... 447, 52, 53 transferred friom justice of the peace no person shall be held to bail in action of, to supreme court.-.......687 82 791 94 152 INDLEX. Page. Page. Agricultural Corporations, PeAppeals —Continued. may be organized under general law, (see without regard to amount, when.-.848 10 Incorporation, General).-........553 67 supersedas on-......849, 850 1 0 Aidilg, Abetting, 4'c., Appraisers, in forgery, counterfeiting, &c., penalty for, to assess damages for land taken by rail1157 1t33 road company, how appointed..654 75 in sending challenge, or fighting duel.- 1164, assessment and return by-......655 75 1165 134 Appropriations, Alimony, legislative assembly may make, for repairs may be allowed to wife in case of divorce, of roads --—....................67 7 745 ~S for repair and construction of bridges may be allowed wife during pendency of outside of Washington and Georgcpetition for divorce -. — 746 ~ town......................-..67 7 wife may be deprived of, for adultery after for expenses of District, how provided. 110 12 divorce from bed and board...749, ~8, S9 amount not tobeincreased, except, &c.110 12 Alleys, when to expire. —...................111 12 repair and improvement of.........-77,78 5 no money to be drawn from treasury, exto be laid out in subdivision of squares.477 57 cept in pursuance of -.....112 1 to remain open to the public —......480 7 by Congress for the District, restrictions Altering, Forging, Counterjeiting, 4c., upon expenditure of. - - —......114 13 gold or silver coin, paper writing, or for school purposes, how applied......-115 13 printed paper, &c., punishment for, Aqueduct,.(see Potoiiac Water; Water Tax; 1157 133 Fire Plugs,) aiding, abetting, &c., in, punishment for, water-supply from, how regulated...-1951157 133 221, 22, 23 Anacostia Engine-House, Ardbitration, fire department to have use of.. 192 22 as to encroachments by party-walls, Answer, 482, 483 55 of defendant in divorce cause, admissions by boards of trade, provisions concerning, in, not to be proof..-.....737 ~7 613-616 73 Appeals, of railroad land-damages........654-658 75, 79 in supreme court, right of, not affected, Arms, how -.. —....... __..753 90 of militia-men exempt from taxation or from special to general term, how regu- execution -—..-...............1286 145 lated. -.........770 92 Arrests, when such appeals lie -.. —-... —...772 92 members of metropolitan police-force on on motion for new trial, may be had, duty not liable to ------- 353 42 when..........................805 96 by police-force, general powers of...... 34 46 from justice of the peace to~supreme court, execution of warrants of,.-......395 46 when allowed —.....1027 120 without warrant, when. -..........397 46 appellant to furnish security for costs, by private detective, regulation of....429 50 1028 120 under capias ad satisfaciendum, proceedoriginal papers and docket entries to be ings on.-.-....................795 94 filed -----—.- -.... -.....1029 120 power ofjudge of police-court to issue prodocket of cause.-...................774 92 cess of........................1050 122 summons of appellee -........... — 774 92 Arson, summary hearing 775 92 punishment of, for first offense.......1151 132 either party may demand trial by jury, for second offense.................1151 132 776 92 accessory to, punishment for being.. -.1151 132 when appellee does not appear, proceed- Articles of War, ings.....-..777 92 distribution of, to militia officers-.....188 149 when appellant fails to prosecute, pro- militia in actual service to be governed ceedings...........-...........778 92 by --- -------------—.1292 149 not prayed for to next term, not to be Artillery, (see Militia.) dismissed, when........779, 92, 93 Art Societies, in action for unlawful detainer of real may be incorporated under general law, estate........688 ~2 (see Incorporation, General)......545 66 defendant appealing to give bond..689, ~2, 53 Assault, from police court to supreme court...1073 124 upon an elector, penalty for...........103 11 how tried..........................-773 92 on police officer, penalty for...........432 5 party taking, to give security for ap- by officer on prisoner, penalty for.-...434 51 pearance and prosecution......1074 124 action of damages for, not triable before on giving security further proceedings justices of the peace... -..997 1 17 in police court stayed..-.1075 124 with intent to kill, punishment for... 1150 132 party failing to give security committed with intent to commit rape, punishment to jail.......1077 124 for............................1153 132 court below to send up complaint and for refusing to fight a duel, punishment record.. -...1078 124 for............................1166 134 in prosecutions for conducting gift-enter- Assault and Battery, prise business -........1178 136 officer using unnecessary severity to be judgment of supreme court final....1178 1SO deemed guilty of - - - - - - -. - - -.434 51 from Commissioner of Patents, how heard, action for damages for, not friable by 780 93 justices of the peace -............997 117 from supreme court to Supreme Court of Assessment, the United States, how made.846, 99, 100 of property of the United States, how amount required for.. - - 47....100....4 7 LO0 made.- - ".....138, 139 16 INDEX. 153 Page. Page. Assessment-Continued. Attachment of Property-Continued. of property inll Washington and George- in suits by, publication may be substituted town, rule for.................140 16 for personal service, when......787 93 for miscellaneous purposes, limited.-..142 116 certain property exempt from........ 797 94l of cemeteries,'when. —-—. — --.- -- 148 117 marshal's fee for service of............911 10:7 for special improvements, how made... 151 17 Attorney-General, for improvements around the Capitol, how to cause transfer of prisoners when penimade -..............152 1I7 tentiary erected...............1100 126 of water-tax in Washington......199-203 23 to allow deductions from sentence of of fire-plug tax.................204-208 23, 24 prisoners for good conduct, when, of water-tax in Georgetown.......209-213 24 1131, 129, 1130 of tax for lighting street-lamps, may be to pay ten dollars to each prisoner legally made by Secretary of the Interior, discharged from penitentiary. - 1143 13 8 when...........................234 27 Attoriey of the District, of land-damages on account of school- to prosecute educational corporations orsites-..... 286-292 33, 34 ganized under general law, when, of damages caused by laying out roads, 532 64 &c., (see Highways) -... 257-267 29, 30 to attend what prosecutions before police of damages for land taken by railroad court -...1071 1123 company, (see Railroads)..6-65-65 8 7, 79 how paid for such services.-..1071 123 of tax to re-imburse United States for con- Attorney of the United States, struction of new jail....... - -....1097 126 additional duties may be imposed on. o.63 7 Assets, office and duties of, how continued.....90 9 of estate of decedent, to be delivered to to prosecute suits for obstructing certain new administrator.............. 976 1114 streets, &c..........227 26 Assignment of Errors, to prosecute sureties on bond of private when made, in certain cases of removal to detective, when............... 428 50 United States Supreme Court...848 100 to prosecute educational corporations orAssignments, ganized under general law, when, of partnership property, in contemplation 532 64 of bankruptcy, &cu, void...... 510 61 to file cross-interrogatories for taking depAssistant Clerks, ositions, when....-8.........87 104 of Supreme Court, powers and duties of, fees of, how regulated.-...........897 10.5 916 107 to attend sittings of criminal court....900 106 Assistant Attorney of the District, appointment, oath, and duties of.-..904 L06 to attend certain prosecutions before police may administer oaths, when.- 905 106 court.............. —------ 1071 123 no allowance for permanent assistant or how paid for such service......... 1071 1123 deputy...-.....................906 106 Assistant Attorney of the United States, or for office expenses, clerk-hire, &c. 906 106 may administer oaths, when..-...905 10O pay of assistants, clerk, and office expenses, compensation of, how paid........... 907 1106 907 106 to attend certain prosecutions before police fees, how paid to.....................908 106 court.......1069 1213 limit to compensation of............. 909 106 fees for such attendance........... 1070 123 to attend in certain prosecutions before fepolice court. —-------------—. -1069 123 Associate Justices of the Supreme Court p or1069 23 pssociate Jzcstice3re~me Court, fees for such attendance............1070 1'23 appointment and term of office of.-750 90 fees for such attendance1070 salary and oath of office of.....-751-752 90 Attorneys, taxable fee to, in suits at common law.903 106 Associations, Attormnnent, incorporation of, under general law, (see to stranger, without consent of landlord, Incoiporation, General) -...519-676 63-81 void...... -.. -—.683 82 Assumpsit, Auctioneers of Watches aend Jewelry, no person shall be held to bail in action of, supervision of, by police-.........404-406 47, 48 791 94L penalty of, for interfering with police.. 407 4l Attached Property, Auditor of Court, how may be discharged............... 784 93 adjustment by, of accounts of clerk of Attachment, (see Contempts,) supreme court.............925 O8S committees of reference of boards of trade Avenues, may compel attendance of witnesses repair and improvement of...-.......77,78 8 by.............................-616 73 not to be occupied for private purposes, court may enforce order to guardian by 222 25, 26 what process...................944 111 certain, may be parked, &c..... 2........25 26 delivery of decedent's estate may be en- improved by JUnited States, regulations for forced by, when................976 I114 protection of.............226-230 26 justices of the peace may compel attend- Award, ance of witnesses by. —-.. - 1005 11181 by committee of reference of boards of Attachment of Property, trade, force and effect of........613 73 for rent, to issue on affidavit, when..679 ~1 8~2 may be made a rule of court........614 73 returned non est against appellee in ap- judgment and execution on, how entered peals from justice of the peace...777 92 and issued.. —.......... —- 614 73 writs of, when may be issued..........782 93 submission-bond not required to be filed when writ of, shall be quashed........783 93 with.-...61.5.73 property seized by, how discharged... 784 93 notice of filing to be given -... 615 73 may be sold before final judgment, when, of appraisers assessing railroad land785 93 damages, how made.. -......655 78 in cases of, where defendant is found liable, costs of, how paid -.................. 657 79 what judgment.....-......786 93 review of, by court.... o.-...658 79 1 54 INDEX. Pag,-,e. Page. Badge, Board of Public Wiorlcs, of special policemen, how prescribed and how constituted. —-. —--—... —-----— 74 provided...................376, 379 44 appointment, qualifications, and residence railroad employ6s, to wear what.....671 S09 ~1 of members of-...... 74 ~ restriction upon authority of railroad term of office of members of-........75 ~ officers when not wearing.. —.672 I salary of members of....... 76 S Bail, no additional salary to certain members-76 S provisions of law relating to, to apply to powers of.-.............77 ~ police arrests..........395 46 disbursement of moneys by.............-78 S no person shall be held to, in certain civil to regulate construction of private buildactions -----—. —--- -—. —---— 791 94 iugs, how -.7... -....79 8 justices of the peace not to hold to.. —.998 11 7 contracts made by, to be in writing...80 judge of police court may hold to -...1051 122 copies to be filed in secretary's office..80 8 Bailiffs, not to make contracts without appropriaof supreme court, pay of........ - —. —. 902 106 tions. —...-......... ——. ——.81 8 of police court, appointment and compen- contracts of in which members are intersation of -..........1062 123 ested, void......,...-82 S *may act as deputies of marshal to serve prohibited from contracting beyond approprocess -... —-—... —-. 1063 123 priations -.......83 S, 9 Banking Houses, Private, from entering into contracts on behalf supervision by police of suspected or of.United States, except, &c.-83 9 doubtful. — -—...... 404-406 479 I4 report by, to legislative assembly -...84 9 examination of books, &C., of.... 405 47 duplicates to be transmitted to Congress, Bankruptcy, 84 9 of partnerships, what assignments, &c., assessment of proportionate cost of imare void in cases of-...510 6I provements by -.......151 1 special partners not to claim as creditors Board of Trustees, until, &c. —.- —............- 51'2 61 of schools for colored children in Washingjurisdiction of supreme court in ----— 765 91 ton and Georgetown, (see Colored Bannks o~f C~ir~cmlatio~~i, Schools)........... 294-311 34-36 Bankcs of Circulation, legislative assembly has no power to of incorporated company, (see Incorporaestabtlish- -.56 6 —, —. 5 dtion, General.) Battalion, (see Militia.) Boards of Trade,?Bawdy Houses, Baivdy Houses, ~~~~~how may be incorporated under general suppression of, police authority for...402 47 law605 72 73 prosecution for keeping..... —-—..403 47 corporate. powers of-.....-.606 73 Beds and Bedding, may acquire what real estate. —... 607 73 oftficers and dlirectors —~, ~ -.............608 1 amount of, exempt from seizure on execu- offers and directors -608 73 tion............................7~9 7 9 tion-............................ 797 95 election of officers and term of office, Benevolent Societies, 609,610 73 may be incorporated under general law, admission and expulsion of members.611 73 ~(see Societies) -~ - - 5.45 6~6 by-laws, establishment and force of --.611 73 Bngs Brcideties 545 66 may inflict fines for violation of by-laws, Bennikers B1ridge, 612 3 not lawful to ride or drive over, faster than fines, how may be collected.-...612 73 a walk -1.-...........1191 13- awards by committee of reference of..613 73 penalty for _violation - 119.~........... 19 1 13a may be filed and made a rule of court, discharge of fire-arms on, &c., penalty for, 614 73 1191 13 judgment and execution upon..-..614 73 Bids, submission-bond not required.-..'.615 for public work, advertisement for....238 27 notice of filing, to be given..-.. 615 73 how opened............239 2~ ~howm opened --. -~ -~239 2 powers of committee of reference of, sitBigamy, ting as arbitrators -... 616 7'3 punishment of, for first offense..- 1155 132 restriction upon busiess to be conducted restriction upon business to be conducted for second offense.-.1....1155 132 by...... 3,.7....4 accessory to, before the fact, punishment Bodily Harm, for being -— 1155 132 apprehension of, ground of divorce from Bill of Sale, bed and board-..................739 8S of property exempt from execution, not Bond, valid wit~hout w;ife's signature...7r98 95 valid without wife's signature. 798 95 property held as proceeds of crime may be Bills of Exchange, Inland and Foreign, delivered to owner on, when.420-422 49 notaries public may demand acceptance what, required in detainer appeals - - - 689 52, 53 and payment of -.....983,985 115 of parties when case certified to supreme may protest for non-payment,&c.983,985 115 court.. —-—.. -..............- 687 52 Board of Health, (see Health, Public,) for release of property from lien.......708 54 appointment of-.72...........7 in case of attachment or garnishment powers and duties of....72 7 plaintiff togive what-78.9.3....782 93 salary of members of -.-.73 5 for discharge of attached property, defendno salary to member of, holding Federal ant to give.....................784 93 office -.............73 5 in replevin, plaintiff to give what.....816 97 may call upon police-force for aid, when damages may be awarded on a forthcom380 A44 ing, wThen -. —.........831 95,Board of Inspoectors, (see Penitentiary)..... when to be given by guardian of infant 1081-1143, 126-130 orphan.............938 111 PBoarcl of Police, (see Metrolpolitan Police).., by father of infant as natural guardian, 321-438 3~-51 939 111 -INDEX., 155 Page. Page. Bond-Continued. g Buildings, Public, of committee or guardian of lunatic or regulation of contracts and accounts for, minor, appointed out of District, 238-245 27, 2 953, 955 X 12 Buildings, Unsafe, for stay of execution, what, to be given, police inspection of..................382 44 1023 119 complaints against -—.. —-----.-..383 45 on appeal from justice of the peace, what warrant on complaint.................. —384 45 required......,................1028 120 arrest of persons in charge, when.. -.384 41X official- summary hearing of case, proceedings.385 45 District officers disbursing moneys of the Buying, United States, to give what. 8.....7 9 stolen property, of value of $35, or upof treasurer of board of trustees of wards, penalty for.............1160 133 colored schools................. 302 35 property known to have been embezzled, of treasurer of board of metropolitan penalty for...............1171 135 police...................332 39 stolen property less than $35 in value, private detectives to give what.....426 50 penalty for.................... 1173 1 35 suit on, prosecution of............428 50 Burglary, of marshal....................... 910 106k punishment of, forfirst offense 1..ow I154 132 of clerk of supreme court.-....o. 915 107 for second offense.-.-.......... 1154 132 of register of wills -.................930 ~108 accessory to, before' the fact, punishment of constables. —.. —..-..1036 12.1 for being...................... 1154 132 renewal of, every two years...o-.1037 121 Burial Grounds, (see Cemeteries,) of clerk of police court....-.. 1059 123 dedication of land for.................604 72 of warden of jail..................1084 2.5 of warden of penitentiary.........1117 1127 C. suit on, how and when brought..1118 128 Calendarg Bond of Marriage, clerk of supreme court to enter causes on, divorce from, grounds for.7 I......738 88 when C ana... —... ow.802 95 Bonds, Canal, District government prohibited from issu- space allowed for landing on either side of, ing, unless specially authorized.. 124 14 236 27 not to be issued under act of legislative land made by filling up, to belong to assembly of August 19, 1871..-..126 14 United States 236 27 sinking-fund, interest on, how provided appropriations for filling, not to imply fufor ----—. —..... ------- - -..130 14, 15 ture obligations.- -—.. —-.-... 237 27 trust-fund, certain, to be made good.. 132 15 Capias, registry of sinking-fund, how kept....136 15 fee of marshal for service of.....911 lO7 Books and Records, Capias ad satisfaciendum, what, to be kept by board of police.386-390 45 may issue after judgment, when.- 794 94 to be open to public inspection........ 389 45 proceedings upon arrest under..7.... 795 9 XBoundaries, Capital Crimes, (see Crimes and Offenses,) of the District, what territory included not specially provided for, how punished, within-.-. —------- -. —-. l...1 2 C 1145 131 of public highways, how marked and fixed, Capital Offenses, 249 29 police court. not to have jurisdiction of, Bribery, 1049 1 Br~ibery. * * * - Capital Puunishment, person convicted of, ineligible to office.86 9 uspitalsion f ni smentence o, for writ of error of voter, penalty for 107 12 suspension of sentence of for writ of error, 845 99 voter receiving bribe, imprisolnment alnd execution of sentence of, (see Executions,) disfranchisement for............ 108 12 1092-1096 25 Bridges, Capital Stock, appropriations for construction and repair of partnerships, not to be diminished by of, how made...................67 7 payments to special partner.. 508 60 how disbursed..................... 78 S contributed by special partner, not to be jurisdiction of legislative assembly over, withdrawn. —..........508.... 247 29 when reduced by payments to special Benning's, regulation of travel over..l1191 13 partner, to be made good. - 509 61 discharge of fire-arms on, &c., penalty of manufacturing, mining, &c., corporafor.........-........1191 138 tionsBrigade, (see Militia.) amount of, to be stated in certificate of Building Liens, (see Liens,) record - --. - - 553 G6 contractor, &c., to have, for labor or to be managed bai trustees5.r.,pto..55.6 materials furnished..............692 83 trustees may call in subscriptions to.560 68 to attach to what surrounding land if out- forfeited if subscriptions not paid....560 6 side of IWashington and Georgetown, deemed personal property, and transfera703 84 ble, how.-......561 6 if in Washington or Georgetown....704 84 certificate and record of, paid in...563 68 sub-contractors, journeymen, and laborers when to be paid in.-. —- -—. —.. — 564 69 to have.............. 09 84, 85 only money to be paid in for 565........565 69 annual statement of amount of &c.. 566 69 Butl~dings, Distrwct, held by executors administrators, &c, United States not liable for expense of.235 27 576 bi no land granted by United States for..235 27 pledged as collateral security - 578 Buildings, Private, transfers of, not valid until recorded.581 TO regulations for construction of, how made, may be increased or diminished, how, 79 8 585, 70,71 156 INDEX. Page. Page. Capital Stock-Continued. Pge. Certificates of Incorporation —Continued. Page. meetings to increase or diminish, how of railroad companies................. 619 74 called 588 71I Certificates of In debtedness, (see Indlebtedness of vote of two-thirds necessary to illcrease District,) or diminish, &c., (see Incolporation, issued under acts of Congress of July 7 General).......-.-.-..590 71 and 15, 1870, how to be applied-. 128 14 of railroad companies- penalty for misapplication..........129 14 amount to be paid in before incorpora- Certificates of Marriage, tion -....................618 record of, how kept., 71 6 to be specified in certificate of record.618 4 form of..............................722 6 to be equally distributed among sub- Certificates of Partnership, scribers........................622 74 what to specify. - -....492 59 deemed personal estate.-..........636 76 acknowledgment of...................493 59 when transferable..................636 76 affidavit as to payment of sums specified certificate of amount of, paid in.-..638 76 in 494 59 how increased......................639 76 Challenge, record of increase-. -............640 76 to fight a duel, penalty for giving, sending, limit to increase.........641 76 or accepting.........1164, 1165 134 suit to collect subscription to.......642 76 for carrying, delivering, abetting, &c., annual report ofamount paid in, (see 1164,1165 134 Railroad Companies)............665 so assault for refusing to accept, penalty for, Capitol, 1166 1134 cost of improving streets about, how as- going out' of District to give or receive, sessed.............-............152 117 penalty for -.1........167 134 grades of streets in vicinity of, established, Challenges to Jury, 231 26 in criminal trials, number of peremptory, Captain, (see Militia.) allowed defendant..............8313 99 Captain of Metropolitan Police, Chamber of Commerce, (see Boards of Trade.) office of, established..,.,...... 340 41 Chancellors, to be inspector of the police force.....347 41 acknowledgment of deeds before..- 441,I2 to command in absence of major. —...347 41 in foreign countries.........444 52 salary of............-............366, 367 43 certification of official character of. 443, 445 52 Carrier, Chancery, penalty of, for embezzlement-......... 1172 135 deeds may be acknowledged before foreign C'art, masters in.-........444 52 one, exempt from seizure, when Chace Proceedings.......797 Cartmen, 915 ~~~~~~~~Chancery Proceedings, spriCa notmlce 444649en, 4 of supreme court, when non-resident is a supervision of, by police -.......404-40 6, ~ party, how conducted ~- -----— 768 91 penalty of, for interfering with police.407 4~ Change ofName, Cavalry, (see Militia.)ChneoNa, ~Cav~alry, (see Militia.) petition for, how filed.........833 9~ Celeblration, Public, notice of petition.............8.34 95 appointment of special policemen on days name changed, when` - 835 95 of..-..........378 4 C e Cemreteries, Cemeteries, Charitable Societies, certain, exempt from tax -............147 16 may be formed under general law, (see certain, not exempt from tax.......148 117 Incorporation, General)....545-552, 669 617 ifijury to, penalty for............1187 137 Chattels, Cemetery Associations, of tenant, right of landlord to seize abolincorporation of, under general law'. 594- ished —-- 677 604, 71,72 tacit lien of landlord upon..........678 51L who may form, as a body corporate...594 1 enforcement of lien. -..-... 679 51 may acquire real estate..-...........595 72 attachment of, process for —--— 782 93 land of, how laid out........595 72 what, exempt from seizure-..-.....797, 94, 95 reservation for burial of strangers and replevin of, proceedings for -..... 814-824, 196, 97 indigent.......................595 72 Chief-Justice of the Supreme Court, to be surveyed and platted.....7.....596 2 appointment and term of office of....750 90 plat to be recorded...... 596 72 salary and oath of. -—...751,752 90 inclosnres, buildings, hearses, &c. —-— 597 72 may order extradition of fugitives from jusproceeds from sale of lots, how applied.598 72 tice, when...-.....,............843 99 officers of corporation, election of, &c.599 72 Chief of Engineers, first election of officers by association.600 72 to report sales of United States real estate lot-owners may vote at subsequent elec- in District. —........- -- 143 16 tions............ 601 72 to have control of supply of Potomac waby-laws and regulations.. - 602 72 ter..-.195 22 property of, exempt from taxation. 603 72 to cause removal of obstructions from cerdedication of land for burial-grounds.. 604 72 tain streets.....................226 26 Ceremony, Public, to institute suits for such obstruction.. 227 26 appointment of special policemen on days to appropriate rooms for recorder of deeds, of.............................378 44 468 56 Certificates of Incorporation, Clildren, of institutions of learning, how recorded, between certain ages to be sent to public 520 63 schools. —2.....71 31 of religious societies —--............-535 65 annual school attendance of, prescribed, of benevolent, educational, &c., societies, 271 311 545 66 penalty of parents, &c., for neglect..271, 31, 32 of manufacturing, mining, banking, &c., when penalty need not be enforced. —.272 32 corporations.: -.553 67 enforcement of school attendance of...273 32 INDEX. 157 Page. Frage. CilRdren-Continued. Clerk of Suipreme Court-Continled. vaccination of, before admittance into the'to furnish copies of docket entries of junspublic schools-........274 32 tices of the peace, when.-..919 107 of certain colored persons to be deemed costs and fees to be paid to, when......921 Il07 legitimate..-... —..725,726 87 fees of, how regulated.-..... 897 105 legitimacy of, when second marriage of to receive daily compensation for attendparents dissolved by reason of for- inug court.-.....898 105 nler wife or husband living-....741 88 to make and post table of fees..-..899 10l when marriage of parents dissolved on ac- fees of, in United States cases - 92... 1...922 l0 count of lunacy at time of marriage, for issuing marriage license.-.......922 108 743 8S for certificate of official character, and guardianship and maintenance of, in case seal............................922 10 of divorce.-.,........747 88 to make semi-annual return of fees to Seccourt may dispossess divorced wife of cus- retary of the Treasury..-...923 1I0f0 tody of, when................749, 889 89 limit to salary, fees, and emoluments of 924 1109 Cbrisimas Day, accounts of, how adjusted-.........925-928 108 declared a public holiday.............993 116 auditor to report adjustment to court,'ircuit Court, when..........................925 10t special terms of, are terms of supreme decree of court upon auditor's report to be court -. — 7....i.53 190 final........-926 108 powers and jurisdiction of supreme court balance found due to, how paid.......-927 108 as a - --............................760 91 excess found to be paid into Treasury..927 108 jurors for, how and when drawn. -.855, 858 101 copy of decree to be furnished Solicitor of commissioners of, may take acknowledg- Treasury.......................928 10 ment of deeds..................441 52 Clerks, Circulating Notes, exemptions of property from attachment, legislative assembly not to authorize issue &c., not to apply to wages of..-797 95 of............... 56 6 Codicil, City Hall, (see District Buildings.) to will, proof of, by commission, how Civil Officers, taken-8...9...894-896 10, form of oath to be taken by -......85 9 Collection of Taxes, Claims, of special taxes, mode of..............151 17 under contracts made without authority for improvement of streets around the of law, not to be paid-.........52 6 Capitol.-.-.-.... —. ——.152 17 Clerk of.Court of Record, irna aslahirngton.....153-189, 11 7-21 any, may act as commissioner to take depo- sale of real property for unpaid taxes, sitions in criminal cases.-..882 104 authorized ---—.....-. -------.153 18 Clerk of Police Court, notice of sale to be given by advertiseappointment, salary, and term of office of, ment.......-.... 154 18 1057 123 what advertisement shall state. ——.-154 1 may appoint a deputy..-.. —... 1058 123 where a whole square assessed to one bond and oath of,-.......1059 123 person......................155 1 may administer oaths, &c.....-.1060 123 not impaired by errors of assessment, no fees to be charged for services of 1061 1 23 &c............................156 8 salary of, when paid.-.;... 1046 122 where a number of lots are assessed to to be paid from police-court fund...1080 124 same person-...... 157 18 Clerk of Supreme Court, refund of purchase-money, &c., where to record certificates of partnership...493 59 sale unlawful. —-------------- 158 18 to designate newspapers for publication of re-assessment and sale of such proppartnership notices-.......497,517, 60, 61 erty.185........... 9 l~ notice of dissolution of partnership to be payments, what, to be made at time of recorded in office of............517 61 sale............................81C0 to record assessments of railroad land dam- of residue, when to be made.. —.....161 18 ages...........................655 78 interest on residue, if not paid when to record notice of building liens......695 ~3 due............................162 19 to issue marriage licenses. -.. —------.719 6 residue, how held for original owner.163 19 to keep a record of marriages....- 721 6 interest to be so held.-..164 1 9 to issue summons to defendant in actions title to purchaser, when to issue.. — 165 19 for divorce-...7... —....-734 87 to be valid in law and equity...-..165 119 to docket appeals from justices of the redemption by original proprietor, &c., peace —.................... — I774 92 166 19 to enter causes on calendar, when.... -802 95 notice to purchaser.................167 19 jury-box to be in charge of.-.,.854 101 redemption by mortgagees.-...168 10 to break seal of box, and draw rnames, redemption by minors. ——.-.......169 19 when -.........855 1011 where estate of tenant only shall be commissions for taking depositions to be sold -.. 170 19 sued out of office of- 8.. -..84 104 postponement of. sale 171 19 to file cross-interrogatories, when......887 1104 notice of postponement -.......17'2 19 commissions to be signed by.........-888 10l4 sale not impaired by errors of computato open and file return of commissioner.891 1~04 tion, &c-.................173 20 to attend sitting of criminal court-....900 1 60 rights of heirs or assigns of purchasers, appointment, oath, bond, &c., of...-.915 107 174 20 duties of, may be performed by assistant, record of sales, &c., how made and kept, 916 107 175 2.0 name of, may be signed by assistant...916 107 expense of recording, how paid:...175 20 to require deposit for costs at commence- sale of personal propert;y for taxes, notice meat of suits, when 9........917, 918 107 required for......-.-.-..176 20 158 INDEX. Page. Page. Collection of Taxes-Continued. Colored Selools-Continued. in Gcorgetown --—.. —-—.-177-183, 209 21 how kept and paid over-..-.. —.....307 36 sale of real property for taxes, notice of; action against Disti'ict for non-pay177 20 mnent —--—. 308 36 when and how to be made........ 178 20 control of, by trustees. —.-.309 36 certificate'to purchaser. —-.........178 20 rooms and teachers, how provided..310 36 redemption, when and how to be made, general powers of board of trustees...311 36 179 26 Columbia E ngine-House, title to purchaser in fee-simple, when to use of, by fire department, continued - 192 22 issue............................-179 26 not to interfere with library-rooms.193 22 not to be made where personal property Commencement of SuRits, sufficient -..... -..180 20 in supreme court, plaintiff to make deposit distress and sale of personal property, for costs _ 917 1O7 180 60 court may order, without prepayment or deeds, how made, validity of --—. —181, 20, 21 deposit, when......914, 918 107 payment of residue to original owner, before justices of the peace, non-residents 182 2 to give security for costs.......1002 ]117 payment of taxes by tenant to be a lien, Commissionaed Officers, (see ilitia.) 183 21 Commissioner of lPublic Buildings, additional charge by tenant.-... 183 21l certain conveyances of real estate by, made outside of Wanshington and valid. —-. —-----. -—.-.......458 54 Geor getown —..-......184-189 21o Comniissioner of Patents, sale of real property for taxes authorized, supreme court in general term to hear 184 211 apFeals from...-.....-.780 93 notice by advertisement, &c.......185 2 I Commissioners, no sale it personal property sufficient, to appraise damages for land taken by rail&c...................... 186 21q road companies, appointment, &c., sale, how made.....................187 21 of.-......................654-662, 17~ 79 distress and sale of goods and chattels, Conmmissioners of Circuit Court, 188 21t acknowledgment of deeds by.-.......441 32 notice of sale'- 188 21 Commissioners of Police, (see M2etropolitan dogs on which tax not paid to be killed, Police)....................- 321-438, ~-,51 189 21. Commissions, Collector of Taxes, allowed constables on executions levied, to pay certain moneys to sinking-find 1040 121 commissioners..................133 15 Commissions for Taking Testimony, duties of, at tax sales - -.........153-189, 117-21 in criminal cases, rules for.... 881-893, 1] 03-15 Collectors, Delivquent, defendant may examine witnesses on of publice money, ineligible to office-....86 9 commission, when...-..881 163 Collces, who may act as commissioners......882 104 president, professors, students, &c., of, ex- commission to state what8.....,883 104 empt fi'om militia duty --—. —.1285 11B what notice required. —---—.-.884 104 incorporated under general law, may con- notice to state what...883, 885 104 fer degrees..... 521 63, 61 to be accompanied with copy of interColl07,io,, rogaf ories.-.-......885 16 with irespect to drawing jurors, penalty service of notice and copy. —-----— 886 110 obr -----------------------— 870,871 1602 cross-interrogatories, how filed. —...887 1104 Colonel Commaondant, (see Militia.) commission, how issued -----......- 888 106 Colori what to contain 888 10-4no exclusion of witnesses on account of, proceedings of commissioner........889 101 879 163 deposition of witness to be subscribed Colored Persons, and sworn to...................889 1610 inasriage relation between certain, recog- exhibits to be annexed -. —---—..-.890 1104 II zed -------------- 724 ~6 certificate and return of comiissioner, children of such persons deemed legiti- 891 104 miate-...... -.......725,726 S7 deviation from rules, effect of.-. 892. 104 Colored SchOools, court imay establish further rnles.. —893 163 in Waslhington and Georgetown, (see Public proof of wills by commission, rules for, /chools)... —- ---- --—.....271-320, 31-3~ 894-896 163 board of' trustees for, how constituted.294 31 when and to whom commission may termo of office ---—' —---- 295 35 issue. —- -...... ——... -.-. —-894 10, awnnualreports -.-.......296 what shall accompany the cormmissecretary and treasurer to, authorized, sion..- -. —.........95 1@5 297 33 return of depositions to court....896 1 @ appointment and removal of trustees, their force and effect.-.. 8....96 15 &eC —- - ------ -------- 298 35 in guardian's sale of infant's estate -....960 113 duties of secretary..................299 5 Committee of Refcrence, of treasurer......................300 3 of boards of trade, awards by, force and statenilunt of treasurer..............-301 35 effect of.-.-....613 73 salary and bond of treasurer........-302 3, power of, to summon and compel attendsecretary and treasurer to attend meet- ance of witnesses...............615 73 imgs, &c -...........303 33 Commvitcee qf Lunatic, superinteendent, appointment and term of appointed out of district, may institute ftice-...........................304 ~3 suits, &c-9.........51 It12t trustees not-to create additional officers or may collect and receive money due.- -.952 11t~2 change salaries, &e.-.... —3..05 g5 may release or convey lands or estate..952 112 school-f'und, how apportioned for-.....303;, 33, 36 must file certificate ofjudge to bond.-953 1112 INDEX. 159 Page, Pa.go. Committee of Lunatic-Continued. Consul of the United States, payments to, prior to March 8, 1864, valid, any, may act as commissioner for taking 954 112 depositions in criminal cases....882 1104 to file certificate of bond to account for Consular Officers, such payments - -... 955 112 of the United States in foreign countries, evidence of appointment, how recorded, acknowledgment of deeds before.444 52 956 112 Contenmpts, (see Attachment.) Commitment, limit to power of legislative assembly to of witnesses for appearance, duty of mag- punish for.40 5 istrates. —--—. —-----—. —--— 401 4 justices of the peace may punish for. 1005 11A5 of appellant in police court on failure to power of police court to punish for...1053 122 recognize --—. —------------- 1077 124 Contracts, of prisoners by marshal, authority for, not no person shall be held to bail in action impaired......................1087 125 on —........ ——..791 94 Common Carrier, in relation to land, record, and effect of. 449 53 penalty of, for embezzlement.. —-....1172 1835 express, only, to create tenancy at will 680 ~2 Conmnon Law, when in writing, rate of interest allowed question of legitimacy of' children after by. 7........14 ~5 divorce, to be tried according to when verbal, rate of interest allowed.715 S5 course of-....................744 Ss power of the District to make-.....2 2 Common-Law Causes, made without authority of law to be void, proceedings in, in supreme court when 52 6 non-resident a party............-768 91 laws impairing obligations of, prohibited, "Co.," or Comrpany, 57 6 business of partnerships may be conducted made by board of public works must be in with or without the use of, in firm writing, &c 80 ~ name...504 69 copies to be filed in office of secretarySO - Compensation; (see Salaries,) not to be made except pursuant to apof members of legislative assembly......22 4 propriations.....-...81 additional, to presiding officers of legisla- not to be made until appropriations are tive assembly.. —-— 2. ——. —--- A"3 d4 made.. —---------—.. -.......81 of clerks, &c. of legislative assembly...25 4 in which members interested, to be void, payment of extra, after service performed 82 ~ or contract made, forbidden ---—.51 6 on behalf of United States without apof ministerial officers, how prescribed..64 7 propriations prohibited. —----- -.83 S, 9 of district attorney, limit to. —-—. —.909 103 for buildings and public works, regulation of clerk of supreme court, limit to....924 10 of --------- -— 238-245, 272 Comiplaint, advertisement before letting —....238 27 in action to enforce mechanic's lien, what bids, Ilow opened, &e -..2-..... ——.-39 2 to state -. —-—.. —--------— 697, ~33: m4 nide without appropriations void...240 25 justices of the peace may issue warrants security for advances under..-..... 241 2 on, returnable to police court. - -.999 It I 7 rnues of measurement..-2 2......242 5~ power of judge of police court to issue pro- extra materials..-...... 243 25 cess of arrest on -..............1050 112" arrest of vouchers improperly made unComproimise of Fielony, der. —.........244 25 what shall be deemed; penalty for....431 59 penalty for nmaking false voucher....245 25 Condemnation of Land, inspectors of penitentiary not to be confor hliglhways, method of-....,..257-266, 2 9, cerned in --...11.16 1t for school sites, method of --— 286-292, 8, 34 void, if inspectors concerned1....116 1..i i2 for use of railroads, provisions concerning, warden of penitentiary not to be concernled 648 —6G3, 5~99 in. —. —..-...-......... ——.1123 12 Congress, may make what 1120 1 2 acts of legislative assembly subject to re- may let labor of convicts by-. 1120 t12e peal by. ——.-....-5...50 6 Contractors, legislative power of; over District not ini- extra allowance not to be granted to, after paired by creation of local govern- contract made -- -. —----—......51 6 meat. -....50 6 to have lien on building for labor or materight of, to alter or repeal incorporations rial furnished......-692 53 formed under general law....... 676 51 Conveyace qof Property, Constabl, in fraud of partnership creditors, void..510 61 special laws regulating duities of, pro- by officer of equity court, when to be hibited -..........................54 6 made --------—.. —-.... —---— 793 94 duties of............................1035 12 A with intent to defraud after judgment, caoath and bond of -- —....-...-.......1036 1 pins ad satisfaciemlnum may issue.794 94 renewal of bond everytwo years -...1037 1 1I by committee or guardian of lunatic or may serve warrants, &c., issued by justices minor appointed out of District.9521, of peace. ——.... ——.. —--— 10-38 1t32 E953 112 returns, how made................1038 11t Convcyance of Real Estate, liable to same penalty as marshal..1038 1121 melhod of dcscription fobr.-....439-466, 51, 55 judgment against, for failure to pay over how prescri bed —-.. —.-........ —. 439 a money collected. —--—...-...1039 1It 19 record of deeds for.-..........-.....440, 5, 52 fees of, how determined... —......-.1040 13111 acknowlehdgmnent of deeds within the cemmisaions to, on executions levied..1040 12 fI United States, before whom mtay be in charge ofjustice's jury, oath to.-...0i5 l ti 9 made...5................441 ~o Constitutiou of the United Statcs, official certificate to be annexed to deed, force ard effect of, in the District-....93 9, 19 i'rum of-442 52 160 INDEX. Page. Page. Conveyance of Real Estate-Continued. Copy-rights, without the limits of the District, what jurisdiction of supreme court in actions further certificate required. —-.-443 52 concerning.. —...7.....64 91 in a foreign country, before whom may appeals from Commissioner of Patents in be made......................-444 52 cases of, how heard.............780 93 when made before other than consular Coroner, officers, &c., how certified -......445 52 fees of, and of jurors and witnesses-..901 196 deeds r corded within six months to be Corporate Powers, valid from date of acknowledgment, the District to have what-............. 2 2 446 52 Coiporations, what deeds valid from date of record only, legislative assembly may pass general laws 447, 52953 for organization of. -.....65 7 priority of record, rule for-.....448 53 limit to powers of, so created........65'7 contracts relating to land, how proved, may be formed under general law, (see Inacknowledged,. &c -...........449 53 corporation, General,)....)..-.519 63 delivery, &c., of bond or contract for record, Corporations, Foreign, how deemed...-......449 53 doing business in District, process against, married woman, when a party, &c.,to be how served --.............790 94 privily examined...............-450 53 Corruption in Office, declaration of......................451 53 justice of the peace may be removed for, certificate of officer to be annexed to 1030 129 deed, form of -..............451 53 Costs, (see Fees,) effect of deed when recorded, &c....- -452 53 deposit for, at commencement of suit..917 107 converyanir ces fouEar relfl-1os pua- court may order suits commenced withBosegg, out prepayment of, or deposit for, not void for want of trustees, when..453 53 914,918 107 appointment, &c., of trustees by supreme non-residents to give security for, when, court, when.53........454,5 1002 51175 100'2 11t7 suits, bow instituted and carried on.. 455 54pi........... -9211 suits, how instituted and carried on - - 455 5~ of sale of real estate of infant, by whom limitation to use of land for religious purposes......456 5z of defendant's witnesses in criminal trials, gifts and devises, provision concerning, how paid — 839 9 bow paid.............839 99 457 54 collected by clerk of supreme court, regulation of. -.-.-..921 107 lalind-ifles quieted, taxed by justices of the peace, how regucertain conveyances made by the United lated.....1034 1 States to city of Washington not in- imposed by police court, how collected and valid for informality-......458 51 paid over.................1079 124 deeds and acknowledgments recorded Council, (see Legislative Assembly.) prior to March 3, 1865, made valid, Counterfeiting, in what cases.-......459, 5[1 5 gold or silver coin, written or printed parequirement as to privy acknowledg- per, &c., punishment for first offense, ments 460 55 1157 133 what acknowledgment and record suffi- for second offense. ——. —-. ——. —11.57 133 cient to bar dower........461 55 uttering, &c., any counterfeited coin, pawhen power of attorney executed by per, &c.,punishment for.......1157 1338 nmarried woman sufficient to pass aiding, abettin &c., in, punishment for, title -5a..... — 46....456 1157 133 records and copies in certaincases to be County of Washington, evidence, when. - - 463 55 may be divided into townships... ——.-66 7 legal construction of certain acts of Con- township officers, how to be elected..102 11 gress respecting acknowledgments construction and repair of bridges in..-67 7 and record-4.64.....-..n.s.he464 special tax may be levied in, to pay debts acknowledgments under such acts effect- of 68 ua.....................-......464 55 appropriations for imnprovement of roads what words sufficient to express acknow-l and bridges, how disbursed- 7....78 edgment of ieed...-....465 5 certain laws and ordinances of the levy exceptions in favor of parties beyond the court continued in force -- -.....91 District abrogated.............466 55 powers of levy court continued for certain when sold for taxes, purposes........ 0 method andi validity of, irWashington.165 19 property of, vested in the District.- -96 1O in Georgetown- 0.2......181, 29, 21 property in, not to be taxed for debts, &c., in the county.......187 21 of Washington or Georgetown.. 145 16 taxation of cemeteries in -. 148 17 CouMvicts, (see Penitentiary,) collection of taxes in.-....184-189 2 11 prison regulations for, prescribed - 1126, 12 129 real property may be sold for unpaid real property may bc sold for unpaidl punishnient of, fobr what offenses author- taxes -------- --— 184 izerl-1127 12984 2 howniay be inflicted-....1128 129 notice of sale, how given... --.-..185 21 report of, to inspetorsed-.. - 1129 129 real property not to be sold if personal repulationrt of, toby inspectors —-- 1130 29 property sufficient-...186 2 1t regula~tion of, by inspectors........ 1130 129 isptors to report regulations to Con- regulation of tax sales of real property, inspectors to report regulations to Con - ~ 187 21 gress-.............1130 12~9 sale of personal property for taxes...-18S 1 deduction from term of imprisonment for s dog tax in,,,,,. — - --- 189 ~1 good conduct -.......131, 1'29, 139 dg1a1i-89 2 what roads in, declared public highwa. ys, Cooking Utensils, 246 2 what, exemiipt from attachment or levy.797 95 jurisdiction over roads and bridges in..247 29 INDEX. 161 Page. Page. County of Washingtons-Continued. Crimes and Offenses-Continued. survey and boundary of highways in..248, regulation of punishment for disorderly 249 29 conduct-. 1148 131 laying out new roads in, (See H-ighways, expense of executing criminal processes, Roads, and Bridges)..- -..250-266, 29, 30 how chargeable......1149 131 primary schools in, (see Counity Schools,) manslaughter or assault with intent, &c., 276-29;3, 32-34 punishment forproportional support of metropolitan pc- first offense.-1.......-.1150 132 lice by.........-367,368 483 second offense.-......- 1150 132 mechanics' liens in, to attach to what land, arson, punishment for703 ~4 first offense............1151 1132 selection of jurors in. -.. -.... 852 191@ second offense -...-. 1151 132 County Schools, (see Public Schools)_,271-320, 311g-3 accessory to. ——.... —-----------— 1151 132 establishment and location of school-dis- rape, punishment fortricts. —2................. —-...76 32 first offense -1 —--—..............-.1152 1 32 revision and alteration of districts....277 32 second offense - - - -..I.....1152 132 powers and duties of school-board -.279, 329 833 accessory to, before the fact —.-...1152 132 limit on cost of school-houses-..280 33 assault with intent to commit, &c.1153 132 schools for colored children -....2..81 33 burglary, punishment forchoice of schools by parents or guardians, first offense — _-............... —-1154 l132 282 33 second offense-.......1154 132t donations for colored schools, how applied accessory to, before the fact........-1154 132 and accounted for.2......283 33 robbery, punishment forschool taxes, how collected, &c..- 284 83 first offense 1154 132 apportionment of school-fund -...285 33 second offense-..-........1154 132 condemnation of sites bfor scho6ls, when, accessory I o, before the fact.-.1154 132 286, 33, 34 horse-stealing, punishment forlimit of time for appeal from decision first offense ----------- 1155 132 of school-board -.................287, t34 second offense -—................- 1155 132 jury to assess damages, when 2...88 34 accessory to, before the fact - 1155 i132 costs of appeal, &c., how paid.-.. 289 34 mayhem, punishment forjury to make and return a written ver- first offense -------—. —-—.- -.-...1155 1132 diet 34........90 second offense-.........1155 132 verdict to be final-.. -.-.... —...230 34 accessory to, before the fact..1155 132 title to pass to District, when --— 2..91 834 bigamy, punishment foroption of board as to verdict of jury.292 34 first offense.-..- - -..... —-.-....- 1155 132 restrictions on location of school-houses-293 34 second offense-.......... 1155 132 Court of-Record, accessory to, before the fact —-—. —1155 132 any judge of, may take acknowledgment perjury, punishment forof deeds-.441 52 first offense. 1156 132 Courts, Judicial, second offense -----------------—..1156 ]132 legislative assembly may modify practice subornation of -.........1156 132 of -. —.-.... —-. —------------— 61 6 forgery, counterfeiting, &c,, punishment may extend jurisdiction of, for certain forpurposes.. —-..6.-_ —.. —------ -61 6 first offense 1157 13,3 continued as organized Feb. 21,1871...89 9 second offense....-..-.1157 133 Courts-Martial, (see -Militia.) aiding or abetting, &c- _.........1157 1t133 Courts of Inquiry, (see Militia.) stealing or carrying away, to value of $35, Courts of the United States, or upward, punishment forany judge of, may take acknowledgment first offense --—.. —...-.. —-----..-1158 133 ofdeeds -4 —--------........441 52 second offense ----------.........1158 133 Covenantors, Joint, stealing or destroying, to value of $35 or one action may be sustained against any upward, punishment for.. 1159 133 or all-.......8......27 9~ receiving stolen property, when value $35 Cow, or upward, punishment for....1160 133 one exempt from seizure, when.-..797 95 second conviction of larceny or receiving, Credit of District, when value less than $35, punishnot to be extended to corporations or in- inent for-.-........1161 133 dividuals,....-53 6 false pretenses, obtaining by, punishiment Creditors, for ---------— 1162, 133 1.34 of bdD'krupt partnerships, preferences to, faro-bank or gaining table, punishment void.......... —— l............510 61 for keeping.. -. 1..1...1..34 8 Crieo, accessory after the fact to any felony, of supreme court, pay of.. —..... 902 196' punishment for being -....-...1163 1134 Crimne, dueling, sending or accepting challenge, persons convicted of infamous, ineligible c &., punishment for - 1....1164,1165 134 to office....-.. —...86 9 aiding or abetting, &c., punishment for, dut y of board of police to prevent, &c..335 40 1164,1165 134 Crimes and Offenses -..- -.....1144-1191, itg1=1-l3 assault, &c.,for refusal to accept chalpeniti ntiary offenses, what are- - - -.-1144 f31 lenge, &c., punishment for.. 1166 I ~~ capital crimes not otherwise provided for, evasion of law by going out of District, how punished...-....1145 11 punishment for.-... 1167 1 4. other offenses not provided for,how pun- former conviction, &c., may be pleaded ished-11.....:..............146 l3fI in bar, when-1168 134i l.whipping under Maryland laws, substita- embezzlement, by agent or servant, &c., tion of imprisonment for-......1147 131 punishment for -.-.-.. 1169 1~3 11S 3il —— 1i 162 INDEX. Page. Pane. Crimes and Offenses-Continued. Death Penalty, of evidences of debt executed, but not de- how executed.............-..... 1092-1096 125 livered, to be what offense... -1170 135 Debt, by common carrier, punishment for- 1172 1 35 no person shall be held to bail in action of, buying or receiving embezzled property, 791 94 punishment for...........-....1171:135 nor in equity suits to enforce payment of, stealing, when value less than $35, punish- 791 94 ment for-.....-.-. —-—....-1173:13.5 mutual between parties to action, how lottery tickets, selling or keeping for sale, set off....................810 96 &c., penaltiesfor, &c.1174,1175, 135i 136 of corporations or individuals not to be gift enterprises, engaging in, unlawful 1176 136 assumed by District............. 53 6 punishment for engaging in........1177 36 of District, (see Indebtedness.) enlistment of criminals, procuring the, &c., Decedent, punishment for................ 1179 1336 estate of, to be delivered to administrator officers of jail assisting in, &c., punish- de bonis non, when —...976 1114 ment of --..-. —...............1180 136; Decree in Equity, corruptly receiving money by officers of confirming sale made under, effect of. 793 91 jail, penalty for..1180 136 to enforce lien, carries with it a personalintoxicating liquors, selling, &c., to sol- judgment......................808 96 diers, unlawful - - 1181 136 Decrees, penalties for.-.......1181-1183, 136, 137 rate of interest allowed on. - 713 85 trespass, upon gardens, grounds, orchards, of supreme court, what deemed to be. 753 90 &c., penalties for, (see Penalty) 1184- Deeds, (see Conveyance of Real Estate,) 1187 1137 admission to record of................440 51 Criminal Court, (see Supreme Court,) acknowledgments of, before whom may be special terms of, are terms of supreme made. —----—..-... —.- -— 441, 444 52 court.......- -... 753 90 certificate of acknowledgment, form of.442 52 terms of, when to be held _......'i59 90 to character of officer taking acknowlany justice of the supreme court may hold, edgment, when required........443 52 763 91 in foreign countries, what required, petit' jury in, how constituted..- - 856 101 443,445 52 jurors for, how and when drawn-.-.855 101 validity of, when recorded within six District attorney, marshal, and clerk to at- months. —-. ——..-. —-. —- 446 52 tend sittings of -.. —-.-. —-. - 900 106 from date of record only, when. —.447, 52, 53 District officers neglecting to pay over preferences in record of; rule for. —-- 448 53 moneys to colored schools to be pros- execution of; by married women, provisions ecuted in.-... --—.- 316 37 concerning.............450 5 Criminal J}urisdiction, effect and operation...............51 53 original, of supreme court.-........- 763 91 recorder of, appointment and duties -. -467 S appellate, of supreme court......772, 773 92 fees for recording, &c.,- - - - - --..470 56 justices of the peace not to have....... 998 11 notaries public may take acknowledgments police court to have what. -.1049-1055, 1:22, 123 of.A_.....-.............. —- 986 115 Criminal Trials, police court may take acknowledgments defendant entitled to four peremptory of.............................1056 23 challenges, when. —. —- ------ 838 99 Deeds of Trust, court may allow defendant what witnesses to be valid from date of record only...447 52 inl.-.-...................... —. 839 99 in suits for foreclosure of, publication may depositions for use in, how takenf. -. 881- be substituted for personal service, 893, 1039 105 when ----—. —-—. —-—. -—.. 787 93 Cross-interrogatories, Default, for taking depositions in criminal cases, on appeal from justice of the peace in how filed..-. 887 1104 action of detainer, assessment of specifications for.-...... -.887 @1014 damages and rent..-*........690 83 Cruelty, Defc7dant, ground of divorce from bond of marriage, in action for divorce, notice to.- 735 87 when.. 738 88 may be notified by publication, in what from bed and board, when. —... 739 S suits.. ——.............- —...787 93 in criminal trials, number of peremptory Be. lchallenges allowed to -......838 99 Damrages, what witnesses may be allowed to..839 99 caused by opening highways, assessment, costs of witnesses for, how paid. -..839 99 &c., of. -2...... 57-266, 29, 30 in prosecutions for libel, when to be for condemnation of land for school-sites, acquitted. —..........-........842 99 assessment, &c., of.-. — —.286-292, 339 341 in criminal proceedings, not competent to caused by appropriation of land by rail- testif......877 10 3 road companies, appraisement, &c., in certain cases may be required to testify, of........................ 650-663, G8,7 9 878 103 in judicial proceedings, where a forthcom- in criminal cases, may examine witnesses ing bond has been executed....831 98 on commission, method of..881-893, assessment of, on appeals in action of de- 103-105 tainer ------................... 690 83 Delinquencies, (see Militia.) new trial may be granted for excessive, Delinquent Holder, when...... -—... —-.. ——. 804, 95, 96 of public mloneys, to be ineligible to on dissolution of injunction against money- office.-......................86 9 judgment,what.wa.t....830 98 Delnquent Tazes, in case of injunction to obtain discovery, collection of; (see Collectioe, of Taxes,) what to be lpaid.........832 98 153-189, 17, 2 1 INDEX. 163 Page. Page. Delegate in Congress, Directors, Railroad-Continued. election and term of office of..-..69 7 number, qualifications, and term of office residence and qualifications --..... —-.-70 7 of, prescribed. 6.. -...-... 626 75 rights and privileges -.............71 7 regulation of election of 6..7.....6., 628 75 to be a member of District Committee.. 71 7 power of, to make by-laws. —-.- -.....631 75 election of, how determined............99 11 election of president and officers by -.-.632 75 Deposit, annual statement to stockholders -— 634 75 for costs of suit, what, to be made-...917 1107 may call in subscriptions to stock.-6..637 76 when not required-....918 107 to make and record certificate of stock Depositions, paid up, when, (see Railroad Comin criminal cases, how may be taken, panics).........................638 76 881-893, 103-R 05 Disability, of absent witnesses to a will, how taken, special laws for sale or mortgage of real 894-896 105 estate of persons under, prohibited, Deputy Clerk of Poice Court, 54 6 appointment and compensation of....1058 123. of major of police, who to act in case of, may administer oaths, &c --—... —. —1060 123 -- 347 4L1 Deputy District Attorney, (see Assistant Attor- of judge of police court, who to act in case ney.) of ------------- - 1047 122 Desertion, Disbursemnent of Public Money, ground of divorce from bond of marriage, what, to be made by board of public works, when....-.. —.738 8 78 8 Descent, Law of, appropriated by Congress, how made.- 113 13 special laws changing, prohibited.-.54 6 to be semi-annually accounted for-.....113 1 3 Destruction, Malicious, by legislative assembly, restrictions upon, of notes, securities, &c., to value of $35, 114 13 and upwards, punishment for...1159 133 raised for school purposes, how applied, where value less than $35, punishment 115 13 for-..,....1173 135 confined to legitimate objects for which of fruit or shade trees, statuary, &c., raised-..........116 113 penalty for....................1184 137 transfer from one fund to another proof timber or wood on land of another, hibited.. —..-..................117 13 penalty for -.. -..-...1185 137 to be made only for object for which levied of grain, fruit, vegetables, &c..- 1186 1137 or collected.-...........117 113 of fences, inclosures, &c.. --—.-. —..1184 137 penalty for violating two preceding secof inclosures, &c., in cemeteries ----— 1187 1137 tions ------------- 118 13 Detainer of Real Estate, Disbursing Officer, action of, how commenced..-...684 82 making or passing false voucher, &c., on complaint and summons.- -...-. -—.684 S2 account of public work, penalty of, service of summons. -...685 82 245 28 if judgment for complainant.-.......686 82 Discriminating Laws, if for defendant.-. —-----. —-----— 686 82 not to be enforced by board of police...396 46 when proceedings to. be certified to supreme Disfranchisement, court.687 82 voter accepting bribe, liable to........108 I12 recognizances to be given...- -.687 82 Dissolution of Partnerships, either party may appeal from justice of not to take place previous to time specified the peace -----—. —--------— 688 ~2 at formation, except, &c.... —..517 61 appeals, how taken and tried - 6 —-—. —688 S2 notice of, to be given, recorded, &c.-.517 61 when defendant appeals, recognizance re- Disorderly Conduct, quired.........................689, 82,3 persons not to be punished for, unless if verdict.for complainant, jury to assess individually guilty.-....1148 131 1 damages and rent..............690 83 Disorderly Persons, if by default, court to assess...........690 83 board of police to enforce laws regarding, fees of justice and officer —.............691 83 335 40 Detectives, Police, Distraint, office of, established...................340 41 certain property exempt from........797, 94, 95 appointment and term of office of -...341 41 Distress, salary of.-...........366, 367 43 for rent arrear abolished-. —--------— 677 81l Detectives, Private, District Attorney, (see Attorney of the United who not allowed to practice as -—. —— 425 49 States.) bonds required of.....................426 50 District Court, (see Supreme Court,) forfeiture of bonds, sureties to be prose- special terms of, are terms of supreme cuted —............428 50 court.-..........753 90 duties of, on making arrests.......-..429 50 terms of, when to be held.............758 90 police-laws applicable to............430 50 may be held by any justice of supreme penalty of, for compromise of felony - -.431 50 court.-.........762 91 Directors of Boards of Trade, (see Boards of powers and jurisdiction of.........762 91 Trade.) District of Columbia, Directors, Railroad, organization and government of..... 1-96 1-10O of companies organized under general law, corporate powers of..........2 2 number of, to be named in certificate debts, &c., of corporations or individuals of incorporation --—. ——. —-. —618 74 not to be assumed by. —........53 6 to open stock-subscription-books -.....621 74 credit of, not to be extended to any corpro rata distribution of stock among sub- poration or individual-..........53 6 scribers by....................-622 7z4 the successor of the corporations of Washannual election of, by stockholders....6'23 74 ington and Georgetown..........96 10 164 INDEX. Page. Pagoe. 1)istrict of Columbia-Continued. Drunkenness, property of Washington, Georgetown, and ground of divorce from bond of marriage, Washington County, vested in -. 96 10 when.-.. —--—...... —. ——.738 S 8 constituted a police district.....321.39 justice of the peace may be removed for right of authorities of, to regulate runninig habitual - -.-.......- -...1030 120 of railroad trains, &c.-.. —---- 675 SI Duelling, Dividends, additional oath to grand jury respecting to special partner not to impair capital of violation of laws against..I..840 99 ~~firm-nOSl ro au all parties concerned in, are competent impairing capital or solvency of certain witnesses against each other..878 103 stock companies, unlawfuil..- O.571 69 challenging, or selding, bearing, or acceptliability of trustees making.. —. 572 69 ing challenge, where either party Divor ce, slain or mortally wounded, penalty, 1164 134 legislative assembly not to pass special sending, c., ca g to p o i Dilaws granting -54., &c., challenge to person in Dislrict to fight, &c., penalty...... 1165 134 supreme court to have jurisdiction of all sulti to fight, ec., penalty 1165 134 applications for.......766 91 assaultig for refsal to fight, penalty, application for, how made....731 o o e l proceedings upon petition for. 732 leaving District to give or receive chal-.lenge to fight..... 1167 13 petition for, to specify causes.- 733 to fight-1167 134 suxmmolns to defenlltdat to answmer-..~734 8, former conviction or acquittal may be notice by publication to non-resident pleaded in bar, when.. 68 134 ~defenda~nt - 7.35,787r ~Dwelling-Houses, county school-houses not to be located hearing and determination of causes, when, county School-houses not to be located ~~736 $ within what distance of, &c 293 31 no judgment for, on default, without proof, 737 ~ 73 7Eastern JBrantch, admissions of defendant not deemed proof Eastern Branch, 737admissios of defedat ot deemed proofregulation of travel over Benning's Bridge, 1191 1 3S from bond of marriage, for what causes Edifices, (see Buildings, Unscfe,) granted-...........-..738 ( from bed and board, for what granted. 739 ~ police inspection, &c., of..382-385, 44, 4 residence of party applying, when cause of the yoth of th District, a systm occulrred out of District - 740 88 of the youth of the District, a systeum of on ground of former iife or husband liv- free schools to be maintained for, (see ing, decree to state the fact-. -.741 E ---- ----- 59 6 issue of such marriage legitimized.. -742 Edational Societies, for ltunacSy at time of lmarlria~ge, isstue aincorporation of, by general law, (see In- legitimate-. —------------— 743!i cor7poration, Genoal).545-552, 66,9 6 Ejectmcnt, for causes not specified, not to affect Ec.cs lfor causes not speci7ied, not to aff.ect dfictions in pleading in actions of, abolished, legitimacy of issue. —--------— 744 S80 9 809 96 trial at common law, where legitimacy alim aquesti righoned-t of dower to wife. hetime, place, and manner of holding, how alimony and right of dower to wife, when, prescriled-.1. 0.. 9 alimony pending petition746 who are entitled to vote at -...9.910, 98, l11 custody and maintenance of children..747 Ss of Delegate to Congress..69, 99 I of members of house of delegates ---— 100 I wife's previous name may be restored, e in cases of a tie or vdclcy..101 1 -when.748 9S Onew, in cases of a tie or vacancy 101 i IL of tovwnshlip officers... -................102 I liability of wife for adultery after divorce penalsy for osing person.al violece upon from bed ancd board.. 749, ~ 89 n elecor........103 ~ an elector. 103 1 I Doc7cets, for interrupting discharge of elective register of wills to be allowed for 936 110 franchise-.....104 11l to be kept by justices of the peace.- 1000 11:t for false personation at..105 li I penalty of justice for omission to keep, for voting more than once.-.....105 1 I 1001 I11 for voting at improper place.. - -- 105 11 to be delivered to clerk of supreme court for voting unlawfully.-........ -— 105 1I1 upon removal, death, &c., of justice, for unlawful act to secure right to vote, 1032 120 105 l t clerk of supreme court to furnish copies of for bribing, intimidating, &c., voters, entries in, when.........919 107 105 1] l effect of copies so made.............920 10 for inducing voter not to vote....... —— 105 11 Dogs, for compelling election officer to receive in county, to be killed if tax not paid, illegal vote10......... —-. —- 105 1II 189 21 for interfering with election officer..105 1 i DoWucm, (seo Con2ve~yance of Real Estate,) for inducing election officer to violate, or court may retain right of to wife, in case of to refuse to perform his duties.. 105 11 divorcen ------------------------ 745 Ss for receiving illegal vote............105 1. I may rescind right of, for adultery after for refusing to receive legal vote 10. 1L divorce from bed and board... 749, l aiding or counseling any acts enumerDrazuel~7, Jo~nt,.. ig a vote.. —-....... —...-... 105 11 Dramy, bribery, &c., to influence voters, penalty one, exempt from seizure, when 7 9..... 797 95 for......._ 107 2I INDEX. 165 Page. Page. Elections-Continued. Estate at Will and Sufferance, penalty on voter accepting bribe, &c..108 12 determined by notice in writing, how. 681 ~2 who are ineligible as election officers..109 12 Evasion, board of police to observe order at- -.335 by going out of District, of laws respecting to enforce laws regarding............335 40 dueling, penalty for...........1167 131 special policemen may be appointed on plea in bar, what may be. 1168 134 days of.... -378 44 Evitdence, Elective Franchise, at trials, what must appear in bill of excepright of, not to be abridged..... —---—.57 6 tions.......................... 803 95 special charge to grand jury respecting new trial may be granted for insufficient, interference, &c., with.-....841 99 when.-... 804, 915,96 voter receiving bribe to forfeit right of, parties and persons interested, are con108 12 petent and compellable to give, Eloignment, when. —-........ 0_._._... 876 103 by defendant in action of replevin, verdict who are not competent or compellable to and judgment -. —-. —. —---—.821 97 give, in criminal cases, &c. ——.877 103 what damages may be assessed. —-. —823 97 in cases of false pretense, gaming, or dueljudgment, how discharged.-. — -—.. 824 97 ing, who must give.-......878 103 Embezzlement, snuch testimony not to be used against by clerk' or servant of private person or person giving.878 103 firm, penalty for _............ 11.69.1 35 how taken in proceedings to sell real estate by officer, agent, &c., of corporation, pen- of tenant for life with limitation alty for.-1................... 1169 135 over...-..................972 It14 what shall constitute...........1169, 1170 135 in prosecutions for libel, the truth may be by common carrier, penalty for......1172 135 given in....................- 842 99 Emblems, Police, of marriage, copy of record of license and for additional privates, how prescribed. 376 44 certificate to be -......... 723 86 for special privates, how furnished....379 44 when and how far original protest of a Evnployes of the Jail, notary is.-.-.-.... —-.... —.988 1115 warden may appoint....... --.-.-.1089 125 certificate of protest under seal is..989 116 penalty of, for aiding enlistment of crimi- Exception, nals.-1 —------.............. 1180 136 on trial of cause, may be reduced to writfor receiving bribes................ 1180 136 ing, when-... 8. -.803 95 Employes in Penitentiary, on trial of cause, may be entered on minappointment and removal of.-...1113 127 utes of justice, when... - - -.803 95 compensation of..................... 1119 12S on trial of cause, may be settled, when 803 95 penalty of, for conveying letters, liquors, bill of, need not be signed and sealed, &c.-..-.................. — 1140 1130 when.-.. __..803 95 Engineer in Charge of Public Buildings and new trial may be granted on.-....804, 95,96 Grounds, (see Chief of Engineers.) bill of, how settled in case of appeal to genEnlistment, eral term............- 8. 805 96 of criminals, penalty for procuring..1179- 136 Execution, penalty on officers of jail concerned in, under awards by committee of reference of 1180 1 36 board of trade, how issued.-.....614 73 Entry or Possession, (see Detainer,) to enforce payment of award for railroad unlawiful, of real estate, complaint and land damages, court may order.-657 79 summons in cases of -... ——. —684 ~2 on chattels of tenant, how levied.. —— 679, 1, 2 proceedings in suit upon. —. 685-619, 829, 3 power of justices of the peace to issue, Eqgipment, 1018-1020 119 of militia, when called into dictual service, issued by justices, by whom may be levied, provisions for -. ——... ——.1290 149 912, 1038, 1079 i21 Equipments, stay of justice's, regulation of....... - 1023of officers, &c., of militia, exempt from tax- 1026, 1199,120 ation or execution -.1'286 11 4 cemetery lots not liable to sale on...603 72 Equitable Interests, household property, &c., exempt from, to in real estate sold for taxes, persons hay- what amount................. 97, 941 95 ing, allowed what time for redemp- notarial seal, records, &c., exempt from, tioan....... --. - -..- _ 168 19 982 5nn Equity, arms and equipments of officers, &c., of jurisdiction of supreme court in, under militia, exempt from-. -.. —-— 1286 14S copyright and patent laws. —-- 764 91 Executions in Capital Cases, general jurisdiction in, (see Supr-eme Court.) warden to carry out judgment.- -.1092 125 suits in, to be heard at special term -..800 95 where to take place -.. —---.. 1093 125 proceedings to enforce lien, to be by bill who required to attend --—..- --— 1094 -125 or petition in -........... —.808 96 who to be invited to attend... ——...1095 125 decree in, to enforce lien, effect of.-...808 96 who may be permitted to attend. —.1095 125 decree in, confirming sale under, effect of, who not allowed to attend -. —------- 1096 125 793 941 Execution of Sentence, decisions of justices of the peace to be. in in certain criminal cases may be postponed accordance wvith...............1006 11: for writ of error.. —-. -----— 845 99 of supreme court, on appeal from justices Executors, of the peace to be according to.. 775 92 not liable on account of stock held by them Error, Wiit of, (see Appeals,) in certain corporations.-...576 0O execution of sentence may be postponed may represent and vote on stock so held, for, when... -......8..... 45 99 577 ~0 removal of causes to Supremo Court of under bond, when may be required to give Unitedl States oni.-...846-850, 99, 100 other or further security-....... 9741 1 1 166 INDEX. Page. Page. Executors —Continued. Fces —Continued. failing to give such security, may be re- excess of, to be paid into the Treasury of moved. -_.........975 1 14 the United States. - -.-........925 1O~ must have notice of application for other none to be charged for services of clerk of or further security.. ——. ---—.978 l1 14 police court.-...........- -. — 1061 123 of justice of the peace to deliver dockets cf register of wills, table of.....- 931, 109, 110 to clerk of supreme court, when. 1032 120 of United States attorney, when and how penalty for neglect................1033 120 payable.........908 106 Exemption, in prosecutions before police couLrt-..1070 123 of household property, &c., from seizure, of jurors in supreme court. -....873 102 to what amount.........797, 94, 95 summoned by coroner —. —.. ——. —901 106 not to extend to servants' wages, &c..797 95 assessing road damages. —-----------.266 30 Exempt Property, assessing damages forland condemned for deed of trust on, not valid without wife's school sites2 -2 —------. 2....89 43 signature.............-.........798 95 of witnesses in supreme court.-..880 103 Ex-post-facto Laws, before coroner............901 106 passage of, prohibited.................57 6 in police court.....................1072 124 Express Contract, of marshal, how regulated....-..897 105 tenancy at will, created only by.......680 82 for service of warrants, &c.......911 107 Expulsion, payable before service, when........914 107 of members of legislative assembly, vote table of, to be posted...............899 105 required for -................39 5 for levying executions from justices of the Extradition, peace..........................912 107 of fugitives from justice, proceedings for, for summonsing jury to assess road dam843 99 age........266 30 F. in assessment of land damages for county False Pretenses, school sites..- 34.......29 1 obtainingproperty by, penaltyfor.1162, 1133,134 for serving process of police court.. 1068 123 accused, &c., persons required to testify in ofjustices of the peace, how prescribed. 1034 120 cases of.-............878 103 in actions of detainer......... 691 S3 such testimony not to )e used against party of constables, how fixed..-...-......1040 1121 testifying.-.. —.....-...878 103 of coroner.....901 106 False Scearing, (see Perjury,) of notaries public.....-........ —..990 116 by witnesses in police hearings, penalty for, of attorney of District, prosecuting before 393 46 police court...........1070 123 before attorney of United States, penalty taxable, of attorneys in suits at common for.............................905 106 law. —-----------........903 106 False Vouchers, of solicitors in chancery suits......903 106 penalty for drawing money from Treasury Felony, 83 oil............................. 245 2 ~ Fam O -~ —- ~ —- il..2-f45 28 nauthority of police force for prevention or F'amily, detection of.39.8.........398 46 property of head of, exempt from seizure, to compromise of, unlawful..- -.........431 what amount.............797,941, 95 opoieoulwu -----— 41 5 what amount. - ~~~ what shall be deemed a compromise of, Family Library, 431 50 exempt from seizure, when......797 9 penalty for compromise of..4.- -.......431 50 Family Pictures, conviction of, disqualifies from serving as exempt from seizure, when........ 79 7 95 juror.............872 102 Faro Bank, not otherwise provided for, how punished, punishment for keeping........1162 134 1144-1146 131 in prosecutions for keeping, who may be accessories to, after the fact, how punished, required to testify -.. —.87r8 103 (see Crimes and Offenses)........1163 134 such testimony not to be used against per- Females, son testifying.. -.~~.~~~.878 103.not to be arrested or imprisoned on civil Farragut Square, process -.796 94 railroads on I or K street fronts of, pro- Fences, hibited...23.................223 26 breaking or injuring, penalty for. l1184-1187 137 tFather, as natural guardian, to give security, when, Fliey-Boats, 939 III1 39 police inspection of.............. 382, 44, 45 failing to give security, court may appoint complaluts against. --. 383 45 special guardian............ 940 111 rnt o complaint. 384 4 Fees, arrest of person in charge, when....384 45 of public officers, special laws changing, summary hearing of case, proceedings. -385 45 during their term, prohibited. 54 6 Fictions in Pleadings, ~of recorder of deeds.~470 56 in action of ejectment abolished....809 90 of surveyor, by whom paid.-........- 486 58 Fictitious Vouchers, of clerk of supreme court, how regulated, on account of contracts, &c., for public 897 105 work, penalty for making or passing, table of, to be posted................899 105 2 45 28 in case where United States is a party.922 IO8 Fields, for marriage licenses...-....... 922 108 in cultivation not to be taken for highways for certificate of official character and until, &c............251 29 seal...............922 108 Fieri _Facia s, semi-annual return of, to Secretary of fees of marshal not demandable in adTreasury.9-..,....3 10O8 vance -.............914 1071 with salary and emoluments not to ex- -Fines, (see CrIines and Offenses; Penalties,) ceed $6,000 ayear..............924 108 special laws remitting, prohibited.-.....54 6 INDEX. 167 Page. Page. Fines-Continued. Four-and-a-half Street, for obstructing highways, how collected, portion of, not to be parked...........225 26 270 311 Fourth of July. imposed upon members of police force, dis- declared a public holiday - - - - - - - - - 93 116 posal of -..................... 361 42 _Franklin Enigine-House, boards of: trade may inflict............ 612 73 use of, by fire department, continued. -192 22 how collectedl......................612 73 Fanklin Square, accruing under laws of Maryland, how re- railroads on I or K street fronts of, prohibcovered and paid over. ——. —— 837 99 itec.-. 223 26 imposed by police court, how collected and l'raudulent Debtor, paid over................1079 1 21 arrest of, under a capias ad satisfaciendum, collection of militia........1274-1284, 14, 14, 794 94 Finres, Penalties, and Forfeitures, proceedings under habeas corpus. -.- -795 94 appropriated for use of public schools, ap- Free-School System, portionrent of............ 313, 314, ~369 37 to be maintained. —---—..................... —------- 59 6 proportion due colored schools to be paid Frruit, quarterly..... o...315 37 growing, &c,, on lands of another, penalty penalty of District officers for neglect to for destruction of.............. 118.'E37 pay over.......................316 37 carrying away, &c., penalty for. ——....1186 137 _Fire Department, Fruit-Trees, portion of expense of, to be paid by United penalty for malicious injury to..-....1184 137 States.-................... 190 22 Fuel, payment, how made; limit of........1 91 22 of family, quantity of, exempt from seizure, use of certain engine-houses granted for, 797 95 192. 22 Futtgitives from Justice, not to interfere with Columbia library how may be delivered up -.....843 99 rooms — --------. 193 22 members of, exempt from military duty in G. time of peace -.1-94 22 Gambling, Fire-Plugs, board of police to enforce laws regarding, where to be established --—. —----—. 204 23 335 4O tax for, on whom levied.2.......2 05 41 Gaming-Houses, how levied and limit of.............206 24 suppression of, police authority for -- 402 47 to cease when * —-. —----- - —..207 24 prosecutions for keeping..............-403 47 when continued...........-.... 208 24 Gaming-lTable, lir-emnzen, punishment for keeping... —. 1162 1I34 exempt, from military duty in time of peace,. in prosecutions for keeping, who may be 194 22 required to testify -... ——.....878 103 police protection of. -.... 335 40 such testimony not to be used against perFires, son testifying.................. 878 103 police force to be provided at. - 335 4.0 Gardens, Fiirst Comptroller of the Treasury, in cultivation, not to be taken for highways to stop improper vouchers under contracts until, &c. --—............ —--— 251 29 for public work............244 2 county school-houses not to be located in, I'lood, William G., without consent, &c. ——.. ——.293 34 acts done by, as acting register of deeds trespass upon, penalty for...-.........1186 137 declared legal. 471 56 Gar)nishment, Forcible Entry, (see Detainer,) writ of, when may be issued... 782 93 of real estate, proceedings in action of, when writ of, shall be quashed........ 783 93 684-691, S2,83 General Incorporation, (see Incorporation, GenFO'reclosure, eral)..................... 519-676, 6 2 - in suits for, publication may be substituted General Partners, (see PaCrtnershi)s, Limited,) for personal service, when.-..787 93 488-518, 58-61 Fobreign Coiporatious, General Term, doing business in District, process against, of supreme court, how holden......... 754 90 how served ------ -..-. 790 94 periods of holding, how regulated l.. 755 90 Foreign Countries, Gcorgetovon, deeds made in, how executed and acknowl- special tax on property in, may be levied edged -.. 443-445 52 to pay debts of -------.6(8 d7 _Forfeitures, what laws and ordinances of, continued in special laws remitting, prohibited-......54 6 force.. —...-..91 9 President may grant remission of..-..844 99 what shall continue to be known as...94 10 accruing under laws of Maryland, how re- charter of, continued forcovered and paid over. -.. —-. 837 99 collection of moneys due......95 O 0 imposed by police court, how collected and enforcement of contracts by -.... —..95 O1 paid over, (see Flines, Penalties, and collection of unpaid taxes assessed prior Forfeitures).-................1079 124 to February 21, 1871.,... —- 95 10 Fo rgery, collection of claims against......... 95 10 punishment for, and for altering, &c.- enforcement of contracts against-.. 95 1O for first and second offenses....... 1157 133 suits for or against, not abated by act of passing forged paper, &c., punishment for, February 21, 1871................95 10 1157 133 District of Columbia the successor of coraiding, abetting, &c.,in, punishment for, poration of-9................. 96. 1157 133 property in, not to be tasel for debts, &c., Forthcoming Bond, of Washington or county.....146 16 on which no judgmell t has been rendered, collection of taxes in, (sec Collection of' what dacllmages are awarded..-.831 95 Taxes).-................. 177-183, 20, 2 168 NDEX. Page. Page. Gcorgetown-Continued. Grand Laceny, water-service in, (see Water-Tax; Potomac punishment for, for first offense.... 1158 133 Water) -----------—.-..... 195-'221, 22-2 for second offense —. —- -— 1158 113 3 colored schools in, (see Colored Schools).294- Guardian, 316, 34-37 not liable on account of stock held in cerpiroportional support of metropolitan pa- tain corporations -576 70 lice by —-....-..........367, 368 43 lmay represent and vote on such stock.577 07 grades for railroads in, provision concern- to infiant orphan may be appointed by suing 1... —----.. ~1I preme court, when...-.. 937 1, a[ mechanics' liens in, to attach to what to give bonds, when.9....... 937 11t ground -. 704 ~4 ifather of infant, as natural guardian, to Gift Ent cTprises, give bonds, when. —--. —----—.93'8 11i a act of legislative assembly authorizing, failing to bond, special guardian may be repealed --.. —.. —-—.. —--- -1176 136 appointed-.....939 I:It engaging in business of, unlawful...1176 136 additional security may be required, when, persons engaging in, how prosecuted. 1177 136 940 I IIL penalty for engaging in —. 1177 136 notice of such requirement.-........941 11L1 appeal to supreme court -.... 1178 1l6 dismissal of for failure to give security, Government of the District, 942 I1l establishment of -------—....... —--.2 2 enforcement of order for additional securexecutive I:ower, how vested, (see Gor- ity —-- -------- ------— 943 11A e1110or) ----------- - 3 2 marshal to take possession of property 944 I1 L legislative power, how vested, (see Legisla- surety of, how relieved ---—.... —--— 944 11 tive Assevmbly) ------------------— 16 3 choice of, by infant fourteen years of age, Delegate to Congress, (see Delegate to Con- 945 111t gress) -........................69-71 7 person chosen to be approved by court, health, (see -Board of Health) -.....7'2, 73,7946 1 public works, (see Board of Public Worlcs,) when removed by court orphan must be 74-84 5, 9 cited to select another.-......947 ll12 oath to be taken by civil officers -. —-- 85 9 appointment of guardian ad interim.948 I 2 ~who are not eligible to any office-.....86 9 notice to guardian to be superseded 949 112 bonds of certain officers to be prescribed of minor or lunatic, appointed without by Secretary of the Treasury. 87 9 District, may institute suits-..950 112 what officers to be paid by United States, may collect money, release or convey 88 9 property, &c. --—. —-----—. —951 1L12 what, by the District -...8... —-. —-— 88 9 to file certificate of bond before conveycertain laws and ordinances to remain in ing real estate, &c.-.....-.....952 112 force -----------—. —---—. —91 9 payments to, prior to March 8, 1864, of Maryland, continued in force. -- - - - 92 valid.-...... —.953 112 Constitution and laws of United States, bond to account for such payments, application of —... —-. —-. —-. —93 9, 16 954 112 cities of Washington and Georgetown to record of authority in supreme court.955 112 continue to be so known-...- -.94 10 sale of infant's estate by.. - -—... 956 112 charters of, continued for certain pnr- bill to be filed in supreme court.-.957 112 poses --------—. —— 9 —----—. —95 10 how verified, and what to state -. 958 111 3 levy court, powers of, continued for certain ad litem, when appointed to an infant.959 113 purposes --------—.. —--------— 95 1O of infant, or ad litem, cannot purchase or succession to corporations of Washington become owner of real estate of his and Georgetown.-9 —-------—. —-96 10 ward -—.. —.. —-—.. —-—. —-- 964 113 property of said corporations and of county sale of estate of tenants for lifeof Washington vested in District.96 10 minors to be represented by guardians restrictions upon borrowing money or issu- ad lite-91........9 1 1114 ing stocks or bonds by the. ——.124 14 notice to guardian. —...... -- -.972 114 Governor, Guardianship, appointment, &c, of -.. —-----—. —-3-5 2 of children in case of divorce, court may powers of..-........... —--------— 6-10 29, 3 direct.-. —.-...-_____747 S to receive no salary as member of board of may be taken from wife after divorce from public works. —--------------— 76 ~ bed and board, when -. —.....749, 55, 59 oath to be taken by..-... —-...-......85 9 Guards, Jail, how to be governed in disbursement of ap- warden may appoint —. —........-.1089 125 propriations made by Congress...113 13 penalty of, for aiding enlistment of crimipenalty for neglect to pay over certain nals-1 —-— 180 moneys to colored schools-..315, 316 37 receiving bribes, &c., penalty for-..1180 1l36 Grades, of streets in vicinity of Capitol, establish- 11. ment of —---—. —--—.. —-----— 231 26 Habeas CorTus, on which railroads may be built in Wash- may issue for defendant arrested after ington and Georgetown, provision judgment, on a capias ad satisfacienconcerning.. --—.-675 1 i dunm.-.........795 94 Grand Jury, Haclcmen, Licensed, additional oath of, as to dueling -----— 840 99 supervision of, by police -—. —-— 404-406,-47[, special charge to be given to, respecting penalty of, for interfering with police, interference with electors-......841 99 407 4i what names drawn shall constitute - -..856 16O1 Harness, how summoned, when all names are drawn for one team, exempt f-om seizure, when, from box before February,1.. 864, 1016 1,1 0 797 95 INDEX. 1 69 Page. Page. Hay, utsbiand-Con ti nued. regulation for sale of... —... —.-1190'18 not competent to testify for or against carrying away from land of another, pen- wife, in certain cases-............877 103 alty for.-...........1185 137 nor compellable to disclose communications Head of Family, made during coverture...877 I103 what property of, exempt from attachment and levy -.. —-..... —.....797, 94, 9i5 I. Healt7h, Board oJf (see Board of HTealth).72, 73 79 ~ Im)llements, Hcalth-Officer, of professional man or artist, exempt from may call upon police force for aid, when, seizure, when...797, 94995 380 44 Inm2risonment, Hccalth, Public, in District jail, regulation of.. 1085-1090, 125 board of police to enforce laws relating to, in penitentiary, regulation of. 1126-11.41, 335 40 ]12, 13 30 police to aid board of health, &c., when, what offenses are punishable by, in peni380 44 tentiary-.....'. 1144 131 sanitary police company to besetapart.381 44 to be substituted for whipping as a punto be assigned to special duty -. —-.381 44 ishment for crime..............1147 131 to make what visits and inspections, of witnesses, duty of committing magis- 382, 449 45 trates............ 401 47 further powers and duties.- 382, ld49 (See Cimes and Ofenses; Penalties; reports.to board of police......-3..382, 449 4 Comalitent.) board of police to cause what complaints I Cpmomements t to ibe made -.wrrant 383, o4 of streets, avenues, alleys, and sewers, concolurt to issue -summary wmarrant on com- t of- 8 plaint -... 384 45A of roads and bridges, appropriations may warrant, what to recite. -384 45 be made for.-......... 67 7 summary hearing of case, proceedings on, disbursement of appropriations for. 78 8 385 4lN special taxes may be levied for. 150 1 wighawtrays, to be assessed and collected, in' what wbhat are declared to be. ——. —-. ——.246 62 ma~nner.,, —--------------—. 151 control of --------------------------— 247 29 rcontvl oand. rcord... —----------—.. —248,7 29 of streets about the Capitol, cost of, how survey and record..m-..ka f. -.. - 248 29 assesse and collected 152 1.. wboundaries of; how markewd and fied- 249 29 on behalf of United States, unauthorized width and location of new roadcs 2...50 29 lialilities for, prohibited..83 8 9 fields or gardens, when may be takeon contracts touching, without appropriafor —-. -. -251 29 -- tions, prohibited...83 S, 9 opening or altering, survey for -.. 252 29 act of legislative assembly of August 19, notice by advertisement;....... 253 29 naotincate by advertisement - of ro.s. -253 29 1871, authorizing a debt of $4,000,000 examination and report of routes 254 29 for, &c., disapproved......... —... 126 14 when no o)bjection mlacde. -,.-,,,.255 f29 act of July 10, 1871, making appropriations when notice need not be given. 256 29 for, &., confirmed.... 127 4 damages, how assessed. —. ——. -—'257 29.notice by marshal —--------------— 258 30 Incapcity, Matrimonial, objecticon to be presumed, when. - -.259 30 at time of marriage, ground of divorce.738 55 objection to be presumed, when....259 gO oath of jury assessing damages. 260 3 Icompeten.cy, jury to consider what -. —---- - 261 30 justice of the peace may be removed for, to make a written verdict.......... 262 30 030 120 new jury to be summoned, when.. 263 30 Incorlporation, Genieral, their decision final........-_.....264 30 how and for what purposes corporations expenses of juries, how paid- 2. _.. 265 30 may be formed -.. -. - - —.519-676, 63-~ 1 marshal's fees..........266. istitutions o'f larie ing, jurors' fees-.-.-.-.-.-.-........266 30 how may be incorporated.-..520-532, 63, 64 materials for making or repairing, how number of persons requisite to form..520 63 condemnedl..-........ —. —--- 267 30 certificate to be made and recorded..520 63 penalty for obstructing, injuring, &c..268 30 to state what.....-.............520 63 obstructing any, used for twenty-five years, when to be deemed incorporated...521, 639 64 &c., penalty —.. -..... --------— 269 3 corporate powers...................521, 6$9 634 fines for obstruction, &c., how collected may confer honorary degrees.-.....521 64 and applied.................... 270 31 acquirement and disposal of property, Holidays, Plblic, 522 64 what days are declared to be —..... 993 116 property to be held for educational purHorse, poses only.. ——...-...-.. —— 523 64 one, exempt from seizure, when.-. 797 95 revenues, how to be applied... —. 524 64d Horse-Stealing, application of special donations, &c-525 64 punishment of, for first offense.-..1155 132 limit to amount of land to be held..526 64 for second offense............ 1155 132 excess of land to be sold, when.-.. 526 64 accessory to, before the fact, punishment land reverts to original donor, &c., for being......-. 1155 t132 when..........................527 64 Householder, appointment of officers and servants 528 64 what property of, exemnpt from seizure.797; 94,95 course of studies may be prescribedl.. 528 64 uHo0usehold Fur niture, treasurer and agents to give bonds, when, amount of, exempt from seizure.-.. 797, 94,99 529 64 House of Delegates, (see Lcgislative Asseembly.) annual statement and inventory to be HIlsbaud, made and rzcorded...-...530 641 property of, not liable for wife's separate process against corporation, method and debt-.............730 7 service of-.....5...:....fi31 64 170 INDEX. Page. Page. I coIoration, Geueral-Continued. Incorporalion, General-Continued. prosecution for foribfeiture of rights, &c., capital stock, when must be paid in.564 69 when and how conducted.. - - -.532 641 must be paid in in cash. —.. —-. —-565 69 reltgioius societies-....... 533-544, 659 66 annual reports to be published —-—.-566 69 may acquire land and erect buildings.533 65 liability of trustees if report not publinmit to amount of land to be so held. 533 65 lished —.......................567 69 may assume a name and elect trustees.534 65 liability of officers if false certificate or certificate by trustees to be filed with report made.-............568 69 recorder of deeds-....- 535 65 not to purchase stock of other corporato be verified by affidavit —......535 65 tions -............569 69 trustees, term of office, removal, &c., of, not to loan money to stockholders...570 69 536 65 liability of officer loaning money to stockduties of, how prescribed......536 65 holder..........................570 69 appointment of new, on expiration of capital stock not to be diminished by term --—.......................537 65 dividends, &c....571 69 failure to elect, not to work dissolu- liability of trustees for declaring imtion -—.....................538 65 proper dividends.-.... —-......571 69 to hold until successors appointed.538 65 trustee filing objections not liable...572 69 corporate powers........,.539 65 liability of trustees when debts exceed title to property vested in. 540 65 capital stock......573 69 may sell and convey property, how.541 65 liability of stockholders. —----—.-574 69 may execute mortgages and deeds of when stockholders not personally liable, trust........._...542, 65, 66 575,69, O70 reversion of estate on dissolution of so- executor, administrator, &c., holding ciety.........543 66 stock, not liable._..._.._.... 576 70 foregoing provisions extended to private estate held by, liable, when.......576 70 religious schools................544 66 to represent stock held by them at societies, benevolent, eharita- meetings.......................577 70 ble, musical, &c....545-552, 66, 67 holder of stock as collateral security not who may form..-...-...-.......545 66 liable.-........................578 70 certificate to be filed with recorder of person pledging stock as collateral liable, deeds ~............545 66 578 70 what to specify.... —-. ——.. —-. -545 66 may represent and vote on stock when deemed incorporated.. -46 66 pledged.........578 70 corporate powers. —.............546 66 record of stockholders, how kept-....579 70 election of trustees, directors, or man- stock-books to be open to inspection.580 70 agers..........547 66 transfers of stock.................581 70 powers of trustees, &c —.. ——. —-— 547 66 transfer-books to be evidence.. -.582 70 re-incorporation of existing societies.548 66 penalty on officer or agent failing to make may dispose of real estate, how....549, 66, 67 entries in books................583 70 investment of proceeds. —...... 549, 66, 67 or refusing access to books.-..583 70 disposal of real estate given for specified on company neglecting to keep book benevolent purpose. ——.. —---— 550 67 open to inspection......584 O70 limit of time for holding surplus real es- increase or reduction of capital stock, tate.........551 67 585, 70, l71 no two to be of same name..........552 67 extension of business............585, 70, 71 mianufacturing, agricultural, debts to be satisfied before capital stock mining, mnechanical, in- diminished...__....,..-.586 71 surance, mercantile, trans- foregoing provisions extended to existportation, market, and ing companies.....587 71 sairings-bank c o r p o r a- notice of meetings for certain purposes, tions.... 553-593, 67-71 588 71 who may form. —....................553 67 two-thirds of the stock to be reprecertificate to be filed with recorder of sented. —------— 589 711 deeds -..................553 67 certificate of proceedings at meetings, what to specify -—.............-.553 67 590 7 1 when deemed incorporated.. -...554,67, 68 to be filed with recorder of deeds, trustees, number and qualifications..555 68 &C 59........ -.......591 71 must be stockholders........555 68 effect of, when filed....... —---- 591 71 annual election of. —--------—..555 68 vote of two-thirds of stock required for notice of election of, &c..-.-. —,.556 68 certain purposes -—.. —.....-..592 71i election of, to be by ballot........55(i 6 copy of certificate to be evidence..593 71 vacancies, how filled. ——. —----— 556 68 cemetery associations.. -594-604, 71, 72 elections when not made on day desig- who may form.....594, 71, 72 nated. —--— 557 68 may acquire real estate.............595 72 president and subordinate officers...558 68 land of, how laid out.-.... -—. —— 595 72 may be required to give bonds....558 68 reservation for strangers and indigent, trustees may make by-laws, &c.... 559 68 595 72 may call in subscriptions to stock.560 68 lands to be surveyed and platted. --- 596 72 forfeiture of stock for non-payment of plat to be recorded.-... ——. —--—.596 72 subscription. —................560 6 inclosures, buildings, hearses, &c -—.- 597 72 stock of, deemed personal estate...561 68 application of proceeds from sale of lots, when and how transferable.......561 6~ 598 72 individual liability of stockholders..56'2 68 officers of corporation, election of, &c., certificate and record when capital stock 599 72~ paid in............563, 68, 69 first election of officers by association.600 7 INDEX. 171 Page. Page. In corporation, General-Continued. Infant-Continned. lot-owners to vote at subsequent election, power of court to enforce its order.944 II I 1l 601 72 arriving at age of fourteen years, may elect by-laws and regulations. ——. —-— 602 72 a guardian.-......946 I1 IA pr'operty of, exempt from taxation.. 603 72 guardian may file a bill for sale of real esburial grounds, dedication of. —.....604 2 tate of, when...- 957 112 Taorqwds of trade, (see Boards of bill to set out what...-.....958 A 13 Trade) -----------------— 605-617, 72-74 who to be made parties defendant. -959 1R13 n'liit'oa~d comnapanies, (see Railroad proceedings, what facts to be proved.960 113 Comnyanices) -6-..- -.........618-676, 74-S1 real estate of, when court may order sale, right reserved to Congress to alter, repeal, 961 113 &c...-.......676 81 costs of suit for sale, how paid -...96i2 11 3 Indebtclness of the District.-... —..-119-137, 13-15 when sale not to be decreed --—.-.963 11 not to exceed five per cent. of value of prop- guardian, or guardian ad litem, not to erty, except by a vote of the people, become purchaser - -—. —-— 964 a113 119 13 terms of sale. —-----------------—.965 113 publication oflaws authorizing, before vote proceeds of sale, how invested- - - -.966 113 taken-.... -1......120 13 security for faithful application of proprovision for interest to be made in act ceeds -..9 —-. —-------------—.967 113 authorizing -.................121 14 dying intestate, proceeds of sale of real law providing for interest irrepealable.122 14 estate, how deemed.. —.-....-.968 113 laws levying tax and authorizing debt to Infantry, (see Militia.) be submitted together. ——. —-- 123 14 Informers, borrowing money or issuing stock or bonds moiety of fines collected under Maryland restricted -1 —----- ----—. -.. —.-124 14 laws to be paid to - -.........837 99 total not to exceed ten millions, except by to receive moiety of fines recovered for vioauthority of Congress - 12.... 1.5 14 lation of laws prohibiting lotteries, acts of August 19,1871, for four millions, and 1174 135 interest, declared null and void..126 14 Injunction, issue of bonds for, forbidden-.- -..126 14 against judgment for money, what damact of July 10, 1871, approved.........-127 14 ages on dissolution of -—. —---- 830 98 application of certificates of, issued under granted to obtain discovery, what damage acts of Congress of July 7 and 15, maybe awarded -- -..........-.832 98 1870.. —1..1.....28 14 Inqniry of Damages, penalty for violating section-....-129 14 not neededin suit on open account, when, sinking fund- 825 97 tax to pay interest on, authorized.. 130, 149, 5 Insolvency, how collected. —.-.-...........- 131 I15 of partnerships,what assignments, &c.,void limit of, for any one year. —-.....- 131 15 as against creditors -.......570 69 deficiency in trust fund to be made Inspection, good from_..- -.-......131 1 5 of ferry-boats, manufactories, slaughter and money collected under, to be paid to tenement houses, &c., provisions concommissioners of sinking fund. 133 15 cerning....382-385, 44, 45 application of, by commissioners.134 15 Inspector of Police, annual report of commissioners.-.135 15 captain of police to be. ——. —.........347 41 registry of bonds, and to whom issued -136 15 Isipector of Work, part of act of legislative assembly of Jan- making false voucher on any contract, &c., uary 19, 1872, disapproved. —---- 137 115 penalty for. —-... —-..-........245 28 Indebtedness, pc., to the District, Inspectors of Penitentiary, not to be released by legislative assembly, appointment, qualifications, and term of 55 6 office of....-1102 126 Indiana Avenue, when to hold first meeting-......1104 127 not to be parked-......225 26 regular meetings of, when held --....1105 127 Indictments, majority a quorum.-....-...1106 1127 shall run in the name of the United States, to appoint a secretary.... —-........1107 127 836 98 visiting duties......-..-..1108 127 how to conclude - -. —--------—.-...836 98 to direct employment of convicts-....1109 127 when for libel, truth may be given in justi- to make penitentiary self-sustaining, if posfication --—.. ——. —--—. —---— 842 99 sible -----....................1110 127 prosecutions in police court to be with- to make and enforce rules, &c., for convicts, out ---- -...... —-—. —..1064 123 1111 127 Indorsers, Joint, to enforce attention to cleanliness, &c.1112 27 one action may be sustained against all or to appoint and remove keepers, &c..1113 1217 any -----—.. —-.. —.. —-. —— 827 98 to inspect accounts -.....-.-... -.. —- 1114 127 Infant, annual report of, to Congress.-......1115 127 having right of property, court may ap- not to be concerned in contracts.-.....1116 1127 point guardian to, when.-..937 111 contracts void if they are concerned.. 1116 t27 guardian of, to give security, when....938 1111 to superintend and inspect management of father of, as natural guardian, to give se- affairs of penitentiary --------- 1120 128 curity, when --—... —... —--...939 111 to designate keeper to act in absence, &c., failing to give security, special guardian of warden - - —...-.........1124 128 to be appointed --—. —. —- ---.940 1111 punishment of convicts to be reported to, additional security may be required, when, 1129 19 941 1111 to adopt and enforce special rules for punnotice of such requirement-.........942 1111 ishment.-.....1130 129 dismissal of guardian of, failing to give to appoint a physician to penitentiary. 1132 130 security -..........943.1111 to prescribe his duties.....-........1132 130 172 INDEX Page. Page. Inzslectors- of Penitentiary-Continued. Invasion- Continued. to make, &c., special rules to govern infirm- President may call out the militia in case ary. ----—.1136 13O of... —-. -............ ---—...1289:149 to provide means of religious worship lbr when commanding officer may call out convicts -.__...O..._..1138 130 militia in case of.......-..1293 149 to prescribe rules for subordinate officers, Islands, &c -—.. — ---—. —; —....1141 13o ill the Potomac River, included in the DisInstitutlions of Learning, trict. ---- - --- - 1 may be organized under general law, (see Issues, Incorporation, General).....519-532, 638 64 of fact, how triable in Supreme Court.. 801 95 In stiruemenlts, of law, howV tried................... -..802 95 of debtor's trade or business, exempt from seizure, when-........797, 94 9 95 J. Insurantce Compaznies, Jail, may be incorporated under general law, warden of, how appointed and removed, (see Incorporation, General)...... 553 6 1081 ~24 Insurrection, term of office of warden -....1082 125 powers of board of police to suppress.334 40O salary and bond. ——...... 1083, 1084 1 25 appointment of special policemen in emer- duties and powers......1085 125 -gency of-.................... 378 44 employment of prisoners in. —-.-..-.1086 125 President may call out the militia in case application of proceeds............. —-- 1086 125 of......1289 1E49 commitment of persons to, by marshal. 1087 t125 when commanding officer may call out warden to receive and deliver such permilitia in case of -...........1293:149 Eons to marshal -............... —-- 1088 1l25 Intelliqece-Office Keelpers, guards and employds, how appointed-1089 125 supervision of, by metropolitan police, rules for government and protection of 404-406 4d prisoners, how made.-.. 1090 1125 pEenalty of, for interfering with police..407 48 annual report of warden. - -...1091 125 Intemn2erance, execution in capital cases, regulation of, board of police to enforce laws regard- 1092-1096 125 ing 3. 35 40 warden to carry out sentence. ——. 1092 125 Interest, executions, where to take plaoe -—..1093 125I to be paid on residue of purchase-money who to attend executions....- 1094 125 at tax, sales.-....... —. 162, 164 119 who to be invited to be present....1095 125 rate of, payable on redemption of property who to be allowed to be i)resent -—.1095 125 sold for taxes- who shall not be allowed to be present, in Washington. —-------—... 166, 168 19 1096 125 in Georgetown...... 179 20 re-imbursement of United States for part of in the county- -...-........ 187 21 costof new jail....1097 126 rate of, allowed upon judgments or decrees, collection of tax for, if payment not 713,829, 5,998 made..-.. 1098 126 on loans, &c., rate of; in absence of written if District neglects, Secretary of Interior contract..-......713 ~5 may levy and collect tax for....1099 I126 by special contract, may be at what rate, officers, &c., of, aiding in enlistment of crim714 ~5 iials, penalty for.-.-......1180 1i36 forfeiture of, when contracted for in writ- corruptly receiving money for official ing at more than 10 per cent. -...715 ~5 services, penalty.-.-.....1180 t36 when verbal contract for, at more than 6 Joilt Obligors, per cent ----------—.. —.. —..715 Joint Obligors, when unlawfully contracted for, principal one action may be maintained against all whncll unlawfiflly contracted for, principal 98 sum only recoverable. 715 or any when unlawfully taken, all paid may be re- Joio-neymen, covered -................. 716 ~5 notice by, of claim on building for labor or suits for recovery when to be brought..716 S5 materials furnished. -. —09, 8~gS5 law of, not to affect general laws relating liability of owner of building for claim of, to national banks..- -...717 ~85 709, S49S5 judgments of justices of the peace to bear, Jiudge, 1007 1t I acknowledgment of deeds may be made beInterrogatories, fore any, of what courts -- - 441, 444, 52 must accompany notice to take deposition of any court of record may be a commis-: in criminal cases -.... 885 104 sioner to take depositions in criminal service and return of................886 164 cases.........-..882 104 cross, to be filed by district attorney - -.887 1604 Judge of Police Courit, (see Police Court,) when filed by clerk of supreme court, appointment, term of office, and salary of, nature of —............. 887 11064 1042 122;7ltoxicating DrIinks, oath of.-..................-..... 1043 - 1'22 not to be sold without a license, &;C. 435 51 salary of, when and from what fund paid, selling, giving, &c., to soldiers, unlawful; 1046, 1080, 1229 124 penalty for-.-.. ——. —---—: —-.1181 136 justice of the peace to act in sickness or licensed dealers permitting soldiers to absence of....-.... 1047.122 drink on premises, penalties for. -1182. 13t his compensation..... 1048 122 In Transitu, may issue process of arrest on informaexemptions from seizure to apply to prop-. tion-.....-......1050 122 erty, same as if at rest -........797, 94,95 mLay colmpel attendance of witnesses.. 1050 122 Intv&asion, may examine and commit or hold to bail, appointmen t of special policemen in crem- when...-1051 122 gency of.7...4...4.....378 4 process to bear teste in name of.....1067 123 INDEX. 173 Page. Pa'ge. Judgments, Juroors-Continued. rate of interest allowed on. 7.....13, 829, S59 9~ for service in supreme court, lists of, how of supreme court, what deemed to be..753 90 made.......-...-. 851 101 on appeals from police court to be final.773 92 names of, how selected geographically. 852 10 mutual, may be set off. —------------ 813 96 names of, how written, folded, and placed, in actions of contract, interest on. —-- 829 9~ 853 1011 in suits on partnership engagements, en- sealing and custody of box containing forcement and effect of-....... 505 60 names of.. —. — ---. --— 854, 860 O IL recovered against general or special part- names of, how and when drawn from juryners to be evidence of what debts -516 61 box...... 855 101 when suits brought against general and for grand jury, who shall be.. —--—.856 1RO1 special partners and special partner for petit jury, who shall be.. 856 101 not liable, how to.be rendered... 514 61 additional in capital cases, when panel exupon awards by committee of reference of hausted.-. --------—................. 857 1101 boards of trade, how entered...614.3 summons of talesmen in capital cases.857 101 for rent, with tacit lien of landlord, how for circuit court, who shall be.-.. -..858 11. O1 enforced.-............679, S1, ~2 death, removal, or disability of, substituagainst married woman touching her sepa- tion for....-..-... 859 101 rate property, how enforced.....730 ~~ names drawn excluded from box for two in divorce cases, not to be rendered by de- years.. -.-..861 101 fault without proof.............737 ~7 drawn and not attending, how supplied. 862 101[ against constable failing to pay over money summons of talesmen when panel excollected...................... 1039 12 1 hansted-.....................- 863 01 of justices of the peace- when all names drawn from box before copies of, to be furnished, when....1000 1117 February 1... 864, 10191102 to bear interest from date until paid. 1007 I P1[ vacancies in grand or petit, how filledcl865 1@62 renewal of......... 1008 IRS notifications to, by marshal...,........ 866 102 how given on verdict of jury......1017 11911 to be personal or at residence ------- 867 I1L0 not to be recorded as satisfied unless return by marshal of notice to.-..868 102 plaintiff's receipt attached......1021 1 9 neglecting to attend without cause, may to be a lien when filed in supreme be fined... —----—. ---—. ——.869 t102 court.....-..1022 1 19 collusion, &c., with respect to drawing, stay of execution on...... -.. 1023 1119 penalty for... 870, 871 102 how entered. -...... -...... 10'24 11n19 drawing more than lawful number of, for servant's or laborer's wages, execu- penalty for...................871 102 tion on, not to be stayed....1025 120 qualifications of- -.8......-.872 102 appeals from, to supreme court..1027- compensation of... -..-.............. 873 102 1029 120 how may be excused. —.. —--- --— 874 102 Judiciary, (see Supreme Court.) who are exempt from duty as..........875 102 Jurisdiction, JuTors' Fees, of judicial courts, what additional, may be in assessment of land damages for laying confferred-6...* 1 6 out highwnays -.-.-..-..266 63 of the supreme court..760-780, 91-93 of damages for land condemned for as a circuit court. 7..60, 761 9 school sites..........89 34 as a district court, in special term...762 91 on coroner's inquest.................901 106 as a criminal court, in special term. 763 91 in supreme court.......... 873 1..2 as an orphan's court, in special term.930 91 Jtris y under patent and copyright laws, trials by, commenced at one term of su764, 780, 91,93 preme court may run into another, in bankruptcy........5 91 hen..09..6..........7 9 of divorceu.p.....766 9 1 appeals from police court to be tried by 773 92 original, cornf-ined to District;, except, prosecutions in police court to be without, &c..........___., _...767 91 1064 e23 proceedings against non-residents in trials by, before justices of the peacecommon law and chacery causes, in what cases may be demanded....1009 11~'768 91I how summoned..... 1010 I11~ mou!lnnt required for original......769 91 qualifications of jurors.... 1011 11. rules in general term............... 770 92 tal esmen. - -....103. 112.. justices may administer oaths to officers to be sworn... 1013 1 8 of United States.. —. —.... —-- - 771 92 to sit together and hear proofs, &c., in of appeals from special to general public............... 1014 1 L9 terms..........................772 oath to constable in charge of jury.. 1015 119 appeals forn police court, how triec.773 92 to deliver their verdict publicly to jusappeals from justices of the peace, how tice.......1016 119 aheardo..... 7742............9..a,how 3 to assess road damages, how summoned, heard. 9 299....,,,. 774-779, 9~9~ appeals from Commissioner of Patents, 257 29 how heard...... 70.......780. oath, and verdict of...............260,264 30 of justices of thepeace............997, 99 assessment of Jand damages by, on account of the police court- of school sites. —........ 288-290 34 of local offenses against the United decision upon encroachments by partyStates, not capital or infamous.1049 122 walls may be made by..482, 43 of offenses against laws and ordinances of Jury-Box, the District..., e,. 1049 122 to be in custody of clerk of supreme court;, 854 11o Jurors, seal to be broken and jury drawn from, special laws for impaneling or swearing, when...855 1O prohibited....................54 6 after clrawing of julry, how disposed of. 860 I10 t74 INDEX. Page. Page. Jury Duty, -Justices of the Peace-Continued. who are not liable to...-,-.353, 875, 42, 102 supersedeas, stay of execution may be Jury, Grand, granted, when --—......... 1023 119 what names drawn shall constitute.... 856 101 how entered — --------------—....1024 1119 how summoned where all names drawn from shall not be granted on judgment for box before February 1-...864, 101, 102 wages of servant or laborer..-.1025 120 vacancies in, how illed....-...865 102 or for a less sum than five dollars.'..1025 1120 Jury, Petit, issue of execution after expiration of suwhat names drawn shall constitute...-.856 1011 persedeas —-.... —.......1026 1120 how summonedwhere allnames drawnfrom appeals from judgment of, to supreme box before February 1 -..864, 101, 102 court..1027 1120 vacancies in, how filled-. 865 102 how appeals shall be heard.........1027 1o Justices of tihe Peace, appellant to give security for costs and special laws regulating jurisdiction or Idu- damages...-..-...........1028 120 ties of; prohibited................54 6 original papers and docket entries to be legislative assembly may provide for ap- filed with clerk of supreme court, pointment of...62 7 1029 120 may define jurisdiction and prescribe du- removals, resignations, &c., upon indictties of...........................62 7 ment and conviction for certain certain officers of police to have powers of, causes..1 —-—..... —--— 1030 120 352 42 by supreme court, at general term, after may take acknowledgments of deeds..441 52 notice........................1031 120 may issue summons to show cause for un- delivery to court of docket of such juslawful detainer of real estate....684 82 tices........ 1032 120 actions for detainer before, may be trans- penalty for neglect............1033 120 ferred to supreme court.........687 82 fees of, supreme court to determine... -1034 120 fees of, In cases of detainer.......691 83 designation of, to act as judge of police appeals from, to supreme court, how tried, court, when.- - - - - - -.- -. -- - -1047 122 774-779 92 oath and compensation while so acting, executions from, may be levied by marshal, 1048 122 912 107 Justices of.the Sulhrnze Court, term of office and oath of...994 117 appointment, salary, and oath of..750, 752 90 general powers and duties of..........995 117 to have powers and jurisdiction of judges rules and forms, how established for actions of circuit courts................761 91 before.9..........996 1LI7 any one of, may hold special term as jurisdiction of....-........997 117 a district court...............762 91 not to exercise criminaljurisdiction... — 998 117 may hold a criminal court.. —-- -. —763 91 may issue warrants returnable to police court, when....................999 117 K. to keep dockets....10..0........1000 I 1 7 Keepers, to furnish copies of judgments, when. 1000 117 for penitentiary, how to be appointed and penalty for neglecting to keep docket.1001 117 removed............1113 127 for omission by which plaintiff loses debt, compensation of, how fixed.........1119 128 1001 117 penalty of, for conveying letters, liquors, non-residents commencing suits before, to &c., without permission -......1140 130 give security for costs-.1002 117 issue of writs by, in civil cases...-....1003 118 IL. removal of suits to another justice, when, Laborers, 1004 118 attachmient or execution for wages of, may power to compel attendance of witnesses, be levied on what property-......797 95 1005 118 no stay of execution on judgment for wages trial of cases.-.....1006 II8 of ----------—:.-1025 120 to give judgment according to law, equity, employed in construction or repair of buildand right —---—.. —.. —-—. —-1006 118 ing, lieu of -—............709, 849 85 judgments of, to bear interest...-....1007 118 to give notice of claim to owner of building, renewal ofjudgment, when. —-. —-.-1008 118 709, 81, 85 jury trials before, may be demanded, when, liability of owner of building for such 1009 118 claim.709, 84,85 jury, how summoned -... -..-.1010 118 Land, (see Real Estate,) qualifications ofjurors.. -..-......1011 118 limit to amount of, to be held by corporatalesmen, how summoned..........1012 118 tions organized under general lawjury to be sworn.-...-.........-.1013 118 by institutions of learning-....526 64 to sit together and hear proof, &e., in by religious societies.-5-..-.........533 65 public..........1014 1119 by miscellaneous associations..546,551, 66, 67 oath of constable in charge ofjury..1015 t19 by manufacturing, mining, &c., compajury to deliver verdict publicly to jus- nies- _.......554, 67,68 tice-... —..-....1016 1119 by cemetery associations-.-.........595 72 judgment and execution on verdict. 1017 119 for burial-grounds. -.. -....604 72 executions, writs of, may be issued, when, by boards of trade --. -....- -.......607 73 1018 1119 by railroad corporations.-..........619 74 plaintiffs' right to have, against what how may be taken for highways.250-264, 29, 30 property...... -.....1019 119 for county school sites- __..-.286-293, 33, 34 any justice may issue on copy of any appropriation ot; for use of railroads, projudgment; when returnable....1020 119 visions concerning.- 48......6-663, 78, 79 receipt of plaintiff must be annexed to Leanei Damages, return-............1021 119 for laying out roads in the county, assessliens, judgment creditor to have, when. 1022 11 mentor..me..a...t of.-.257-266, 29, 30 INDEX. 175 Page. Page. Land Damages-Continued. Laws-Continued. for condemnation of land for school sites, of the UJnited States, force and effect of, in 286-292, 339 34/ the District.......-...-.-.93 99 10 for appropriations by railroad companies, of the legislative assembly, how recorded, how assessed and paid....654-663, 79, 79 13 3 Landlord and Tenant.-...........677-691, g1,9 ~3 copies of, to be transmitted to President power of landlord to seize chattels for rent and Congress. -.......... —---- 13 3 abolished......................- 677 1 authorizing debt to be approved by peolandlord to have tacit lien for rent.-...678 ple, when.-........... —------ 119 13 lien, how may be enforced........... 699, 8~1-~2 publication of, before submission to peotenancy by suffrance, what to be......680 ~2 ple.. ---------------.120 13 tenancy at will, how established......680 ~2 provision to be made in, for payment of notice to quit, service, &c., of.........681 ~2 interest -..........-...121 14 certain prior leases exempt from provisions providing for payment of interest, irreof two preceding sections-._..682 ~2 pealable. —... —......... 122 14 attornment not to affect landloid's rights, levying taxes to be submitted to people 683 ~2 with law authorizing debt -....123 141 forcible entry and detainer, complaint and acts of August 19,1871, creating debt for summons..... —.. —.... ^. 684 ~2 special improvements, &c., declared summons, how ser-ed.. —.-.......685 ~2 null and void -—. —......126 14 judgment and costs for complainant, issue of bonds under, forbidden...-..126 14 when..........................686 ~i2 act of July 10, 1871, approved.-....127 14 for defendant, when - -.........687 ~2 act authorizing gift enterprises, repealed, bond of defendant for damages and rent, 1176 136 687 ~2 Laws of Nations, bond of complainant, how conditioned, power and duties of notaries under....983 115 687 S 2 Lease, judgment by nonsuit or default for neg- of property held by religious societies, limit lect to recognize.............687 ~2 to term of.................542, 65966 appeals from justice of the peace to su- tenancy at will not created without expreme court-.............688 2 press..........................680 2 bond for rent and damages of defendant occupying premises without, or after expiappealing.....-......... —.,.689, ~2, ~3 ration of, to be tenancy by sufferassessment of damages and rent where ance, (see Landlord and Tenant).680 S2 verdict for complainant. —- -— 690 ~3 Legion, (see Militia.) fees of justices of the peace and consta- Legislative Assembly, ble..-6.. —--.......-O.....691 ~3 legislative power vested in the..,,,..16 3 Land Records, (see Recorder of Deeds,) council,how constituted c - -. mem. - 17 3 report of real estate sold for taxes to be en- qualifications and residence of members tered in,,,,,....175 240. 17 3 verdict of jury assessing land damages for appointment and term of office-...-. 18 4 school sites to be recorded in, house of clelegates, how constituted....19 4 s287,291 sie tbe cod i. term of office, qualifications, and resideeds to be recorded in..............40, dence of members..-...4.. 19 4 effect of decree in equity recorded inu.793 94 1number of districts for each house....... 20 4 7effect of decree i nequity recorded in - - 793 9 formation of districts how to Ie prescribed, Land Titles, (see Conveyance of Real Estate,) 21 title to land taken for school sites in coun- pay of members22 4 ty, bow vldested- - -,..,2,87,291 34 additional allowance to presiding officertain conveyances by commissioner of cers -...-.,-,.... p, 23 4 public buildings made valid. 4 5clers and sergeats-at-ars.......25 4 certain incomplete or informal conveyances sessions of. -.-. - - 26-28 4 prior to March 3, 1865, nmade valid, members of, not eligible for certain offices, 459, 4 i.29 4 requirembents where ackn.owle dgment persons holding office under United States made by a married woman.....461 55 not eligible as members of.-. 30 4 where power of attorney executed by a oath of members of.31-313 4, 5 mnarriedl wollan.woman..... -,.462 5..$5 quorum of each house, what to be deemed, records and copies to be evidence, when, 34, 463 55 house of delegates to judge of election, &c., acknowledgment and record under certain of its members 35 I acts of Congress -. -.....-...464 55 each house of, to make its own rules, &c.36 5 vwhat shall be deemed an acknowledgment, council, to be called to order by governor, 465 55 37 5 exceptions in favor of parties outside the house of delegates by secretary, &c 38 5 District abrogated...... 466 5 explsion of members 39 5 Larceny, punishment for contempt by either house, where value of property $35 and upward, 40 5 punishment for..-........-.. 1158 1133 adjournments, restrictions upon........41 5 second offense, punishment for.-.. 1158 133 yeas and nays, when may be taken- 42 5 where property under $35 in value, restitu- bills may originate in either house, &c..43 5 tion and punishment ----—.........-1173 135 when to become laws. —-—. —.. —-44 5 second conviction, punishment on..1161 133 to be read on three different days....45 i Laws, acts to embrace but one subject...-.46 5 what, of Washington, Georgetown, and appropriation bills for pay or salaries of levy court, to remain in force... 91 9 officers, restrictions upon.. —,.47 5 certain, of Maryland, continued.-.....92 9 acts of, whlen to take effect-.,...,...48 1176 PINDEX. Page. Page. Legslative Assembly-Continued. Liabilities-Continued. legislative power, extent of............49 5 board of public works not to contract, on acts of; subject to repeal or modification account of United States. —-—..83 8 by Congress --—. —-.. —--—.. —-50 6 of general and special partners, (see Partnot to grant extra compensation ---—.-51 6 nershlips).. -....488-518, 59-61 not to authorize payment of unauthorized of stockholders in corporations, (see Incorclaims or agreements,.c-..52 6 poration, General.) not to assume or pay liabilities of any cor- Libel, poration or individual —.. —-....53 6 in prosecutions for, truth may be given in not to pass special laws in certain cases.54 6 justification.-.. -8......42 99 not to extinguish indebtedness to Dis- Library, trict —...............55 6 of professional man or artist, exempt from not to establish any bank of circulation, seizure, when..-7......97, 94995 &c ----—, - — 5G6 6 Licensed Hackmen, Ic., not to pass ex post facto laws, &c ----- 57 6 policesupervisionand inspection of,404-407,47,48 not to abridge right of suffrage -...-.58 6 Licensed itelligence-Office Keepers, to maintain free schools — -.....- -. — — 59 6 icespvina ipeonf0474 to provide for maintenance of paupers. 60 6 policesupervision and inspection of,404-407,47, may modify practice of judicial courts, Licensed Pawnbrokers, 4-c., &c. —-- —.-. -—...............-.61 6 police supervision and inspection of, 404-407,4,49 may provide for appointment of justices of Licensed Vendors, the peace and notaries public. ---- 62 7 policesupervisionandinspectionof,404-407,47,4~ may impose additional duties on certain License, Marriage, officers..._. -. ——. ——. —. —63 7 how and by whom issued -—. —-— 718,719 6 may provide for election or appointment of form of — 720 ~6 ministerial officers, &c. -........64 7 record of --—.. —. —--—. —.. —----—.721 6 may create corporations by general law.65 7 fee of clerk for. —. —.9 ——.-..-... —.-922 1[10 may divide part of district into townships, Licenses, &c........-.....66 7 for sale of intoxicating drinks, police apmay appropriate money for repair of roads,. proval of. —....... -------- 435 51i bridges, &c -—.-..............- 67 7 to be forfeited for selling, &c., to soldiers, may levy special taxes in Washington, 1183 137 Georgetown, and county, for pay- Liens ment of respective debts........68 7 payment of taxes by tenant to be, when, to provide for expenses of District govern- 183 21 ment. —........- —. —---— 110 12 given in fraud of partnership creditors, to restrictions on expenditures by, of moneys be void --------------—. ——..510 61 appropriated by Congress. ——.-114 13 certain railroad companies not to give, to provide for publication of laws authoriz- without vote of stockolders -..554, 67l,{6 ing debt, &c.. -------—. —-—.-120 i13 landlord to have tacit, upon chattels of District government not to borrow money, tenant for rent arrear. - - - ~-678 81 &c., except by authority of...... 124 14 how may be enforced. —- -.......- 679, 81,~2 to levy tax for sinking-fund bonds, &c- 136 114 on real estate of infant sold by order of to have control over public roads and court, retained...... 965 113 bridges.....247 29 proceedings to enforce, to be by bill in to prescribe method of description for real equity.-........... 808 96 estate transfers-.. 439 51 effect of decree enforcing -...- -.808 96 Legitimacy, in suits for enforcement of, publication children of certain colored persons to be may be substituted for personal serdeemed legitimate...-.....725 87 vice, when.-787 93 of children, when second marriage of pa- creditor to have, on judgment of justice of rents dissolved in certain cases..742 88 the peace, when.......- - 1022 119 when marriage of parents dissolved on mechanics, &c., to have, for work or mateaccount of lunacy. ——.7 —----— 743 88 rials furnished ----------—. —-.. — 9 83 not affected in divorce for other causes, claimant to file notice of inteution to 744 8~ hold. —. — —..- -... -- ~.693 ~I questions of, how to be tried --------- 744 8 lost, if notice not filed ------- 694 83 Levy, record of notice of, by clerk of supreme on execution, what propertyexemptfrom, court --—.....................695 83 797, 94, 95 expiration of -.. -................696 833 Levy Court, complaint of plaintiff to state what-697, 83,~4 what laws and ordinances of; continued in summons, how served. ——..........698 84 force --------------------------— 91 9 if building sold, purchaser may be made powers of, continued for- defendant.-........699 844 collection of moneys --. —---------— 95 10 proceedings on action to enforce 7 —..00 81 enforcement of contracts............95 10 precedence. —-. —..-...............701 84 collection of unpaid taxes. — 9...5 10 payment pro rata when proceeds insuffisuits for or against, not abated by act of cient.- - 702 84 February 21, 1871......- 95 1t other property of defendant may be sold propertyof county vested in the District.96 1@ to satisfy..........702 S4 Lewd Entertainments,. on building outside of Washington and suppression of, police authority for... 402 47 Georgetown, to attach to what surprosecution for participating in......403 47 rounding land- 703 84 Liabilities, if in Washington or Georgetown....704 z84 of corporations or individuals, not to be different persons having, on same building, assumed by the District. 53 6 may unite-705 84.............7 INDEX. 177 Page. Page. Liens-Continued. Lunacy, actions to enforce, by different claimants, at time of marriage, ground of divorce.728 ~~ may be consolidated............-706 4 legitimacy of children vwhen marriage disclaimant to enter satisfaction of, when.707 ~4 solved on account of...... -.-.743 S9 penalty for neglect to make entry. -.707 ~4 Lunatic, release of property from, on bond.-....708 ~4 committee of, appointed out of District, sub-contractor, journeyman, or laborer's may institute suits..-.. -..- - -.3951 112 notice of claim, effect of -......709, ~4,~5 may collect and receive moneys. —...952 11112 recovery may be a set-off............710 S5 may release and convey real estate, &c., on personal property for work done....711 ~5 952 1L2 persons having, may retain property.711 85 to file certificate of bond...........953 1123 if possession of property passes, lien to cease..........................711 ~5 ] modification by special agreement...712 ~5 Magistrates, Lieutenants of Police, warrants of arrest, how executed-.395 46 office of, established..-......340 41 committing witnesses for appearance, duty appointment and tenure of office of.-..341 41 of..............................401 47 salary of.............................366 43 Maiden Name, assignment of, to duty -.. 3..... 74 44 may be restored to wife in case of divorce, authority of, to prevent felonies.......398 46 748 ~8 Lighting streets,,c., Mails of United States, when lamps to be kept lighted........232 27 certain railroad companies to convey...666 s0 increase in number of lamps, &c.... -.233 27 rates for transportation of, how fixed..666 ~0 tax for, how levied and collected......234 27 Major of Police, (see Metropolitan Police.) Limitation, processes of police court to be directed to, of suits against stockholders in certain cor- in what cases..................1065 123 porations organized under general Makers, Joint, law-.-...,-...-......575, 69,70 of money obligations, one action may be of actions to enforce building liens....696 83 sustained against any or all.....827 98 of suits for recovery of usurious inter- Malicioms Destruction, est............................716 ~5 of notes, securities, &c., where value $35 or of suits on bond of warden of penitenti- upward, punishment for-._..1159 133 ary...........................1118. 128 where value of property less than $35, Limitation, Contingent, punishment for........1173 135 to issue of tenant for life, real estate sub- Malicious Prosecution, jectto, may be sold, when......969 I113 actions for, not triable by justices of the Limited Partnership, (see Partnerships, lim- peace.....-............997 117 ited) ---—..... —-----—. —488-518, 59-61 Manslaughter, Limits, Territorial, punishment of, for first offense.....1150 132 of the District, what constitutes the -.-2 2 for second offense..................1150 132 Liquors, Manufactories, sale of, without license, &c., unlawful.435 511 police inspection of... -.....382 44,945 employ6s of penitentiary furnishing, to complaints against....- - 383 45 convicts, penalty for. —........1140 130 warrant on complaint.................384 45 penalties for selling or giving, to arrest of person in charge, when.. —..384 45 soldiers......- 1181-1183, 136,137 summary hearing of case, proceedings.385 45 List of Jurors, Mantfacturing Corporations, (see Incorporaappointment of officers to make.......-851 101 tion, General.) names on, how selected...............852 101 may be organized under general law...553 67 penalty for putting on names by re- Market Companies, (see Incorporation, General,) quest..-.-.-.........870 102 may be formed under general law....553 67 Literary Societies, (see Societies,) Marriages. may be incorporated under general evidence of, how preserved........718-723 s6 law............................545 66 any minister may be licensed to celebrate, Loans, (see Interecst,) 718 ~6 rate of interest allowed on.-.........713 ~5 licenses for, by whom issued-...719 ~6 Lotteries, form of license-7................720 ~6 suppression of, police authority for... 402 47 record of, how kept..................721 ~6 prosecution of persons engaged in.....403 47 minister's certificate, form of..........722 ~6 Lottery-Dealers, copy of record to be evidence. —......723 ~6 board of police to enforce laws regarding, marriage relation between certain colored 335 40 persons recognized..-...724, ~6-87 Lottery-Tickets, children of such persons deemed legitisale of, unlawful....................1174 135 mate —.. —-................-725 ~? keeping place of business for sale of, un- when children of the woman, recognized lawful- ----------------------— 1174 1835 by the man, deemed legitimate..726 ~7 penalty for selling, &c..-......1174 135 clerk's fee for marriage license.........922 108 contract of sale for, void...............1175 135 Married Woman, money paid for, how recovered.... -1175 135 party to a deed to be privily examined.450 53 Lots, (see Surveyor,) certificate of acknowledgment of deed by, in city of Washington, records of, where form of -...........451 53 akept- -.............472 57K validity and effect of deeds made by..452 58 Lost Property, (see Stolen, Lost, and Abacndoncd property rights of, established -—.7'27-730 ~? _Property,) right of, to property owned at time of marcustody, record, and disposal of..409-424, 8,~49 riage, absolute.~7......27 0~ Louisiana.Avenue, to property acquired during marriage, not to be parked-.......225 26 727 ~7 I~ S II 12 178 INDEX. Page. Page. Married Woman-Continued. Mayhem —Continued, property of, not subject to disposal of hus- accessory to, before the fact, punishment band......727 87 for being..........' -.1155 132 nor liable for husband's debts-........727 S7 Measurement, may convey, devise, and bequeath, as if of public buildings and works, rule for-242 2S unmarried.....................728 S7 Measurer of Public Work, may contract as to separate property..729 S7 to be sworn, how-.......... 242 28 may sue, &c., in her own name...... 729 S7 duty of, in measurement and examination non-liability of husband on separate con- of work....................242,243 28 tracts, &c......................730 87 penalty of, for making false vouchers, &c., Marshal of the United States, 245 28 additional duties ma~y be imposed on — 63 7 Mechanical Corporations, office and duties of, how continued-...90 9 may be organized under general law, (see when may be directed to summons jury to Incorporation, General,)..........553 67 assess road damages.-...-.257 29 Mechanics' Liens, (see Liens.) notice to owners by................-21258 30 Mechanics' Tools, to summon jury and administer oath.260 30 exempt from seizure, when........797, 94, 95 fees for summons, travel, and attendance, Mercantile Corporations, 266 30 may be formed under general law, (see summons of jury by, to assess -land dam- Incorporation, General,).....553 67 ages on account of school sites..288 34 Metro2politan Poice, may administer oath to jury........288 34 establishment of police district........321 39 fees of, how computed..............289 34 board of police, attestation of verdict by............290 34 commissioners, number, appointment, and collection by, of fines, &c., accruing under term of office of................322 39 Maryland laws.................837 99 from whence to be appointed......323 39 to notify persons drawn as jurors for oath of.324 39 supreme court..................866 102 authority of............32.5 39 notice, how to be given.............867 102 board, how constituted..............326 39 to make return of service, when....868 102 quorum..............328 39 summons of talesmen by........857, 863 101 compensation of commissioners....329 39 fees of, bow regulated...... 897 105 additional, to treasurer.......329 39 daily compensation for attending court, officers of board...................... 330 39 898 105i president and treasurer, how selected..331 39 to make and post, table of fees........899 105 duties of......................-.... 331 39 to attend sittings of criminal court....900 106 treasurer's bond and salary..........332 39, 40 to make payment to bailiffs and crier.. 902 106 secretary, appointment, duties, and salary appointment, oath, and bond..........910 106 of...... 333 40 fee of, for service of warrant, attachment, general powers of the board..........334 40 &c..............................911 1107 duties of the board........335 40 may levy executions, &c., issued by jus- how to be specially executed........336 40 tices of the peace.............912 107 rules and regulations.3 —- --------—.337 40d commission allowed for.......... 912 107 information to District authorities....338 40 judgment against, for neglect to deliver annual report to Attorney-General.....339 40 moneys.......................913 107 the police force ---—. —-— 340-368,41-43 may domand payment before serving proc- of what offices to consist.......340 41 ess, when......................914 107 how to be appointed............ 341 41 to serve process of police court, when.1066 1123 to hold office, how long. —-------—..-341 41 fees for such service...............1067 123 qualifications, duties, &c., how defined.342 41i authority of, to commit persons to jail - 1087 125 major of police, powers and duties of..343 41 delivery of prisoners to, for production be- to be respected and obeyed. -......344 41 fore court........... 1088 125 to promulgate orders of the board...345 41 collection of militia fines by.1275-1280, 147, 14S to make what reports and suggestions to Maryland, the board 4..........346 41 territory ceded by, constitutes the District captain, to be inspector of the force...347 41 of Columbia.............1 2 to command in absence of the major.347 41 certain laws of, continued in force......92 9 to perform what other duties......347 41l fines, &c., accruing under laws of, how re- clerk in office of major, appointment of. 348 41i covered and paid over..........837 99 to have charge of records of sanitary Masters in Chancery, company... -..........348 41 in foreign countries, deeds may be ac- other duties of...........348 41 knowledged before......444 52 salary of.348 41 official character of, how certified.. 443, 445 52 sergeants ofpolice, appointment, duties, and Materials, compensation of. 349 41 for Government buildings and public major and lieutenants to give security.350 41 works, how measured and examined, oath of office to be taken by members of 242 28 the force.. —--.-............- 351, 41,42 furnished by contractor for erection or how administered and recorded....351, 41,42 repair of private buildings, lien for, members of board of police to have powers 692 8S of notaries public and justices of the Maturity, peace..........................352 42 of notes, drafts, &c., to be deemed as of secretary of the board and major to have previous day, when........993 116 such powers....................352 42~ 2Mayhem, exemption of officers of police from military punishment of, for first offense........1155 1I32 and jury duty...................353 42a for second offense.........1155 132 from arrest on civilprocess..........353 42i INDEX. 179 Page. Pago. MetroploZitan Police-Continued. Metropolitan Police-Continued. from service of subpoenas from civil receipts, warrants, and checks, how kept, courts while on duty.....-.353 42 &....387 45 who are not eligible to appointment on the records of meetings of tile board ----— 388 45 police force..... - -.....354 412 books and records to be open to public inremovals, how made..-......355 42 spection........................389 45 no re-appointment after removal for cause, returns and reports to be kept and bounnd, 355 42 390 45 resignations, regulation of..-...356 42 police hearing, presents, &c., for police services prohibited, board of police may issue subpoenas, in 357 42 what proceedings.....-....391 40 when presents, &c., may be received-..358 42 who may administer oaths to witnesses, disposal of presents, &c., by order of the &c...-.. —....... 392 46 board....-........359 42 false swearing at, to be peijury...-.393 40 removal for receiving presents, &c., with- penalty for.. -.-... 393 46 out notice to board.............360 42 arrests and searches, fines,rewards, fees,&c., how disposed of. 361 42 police to have powers of constables.... 394 46 policeman's fund, how constituted.....362 42 execution of warrants....-...........395 46 board of police to be the trustee of...363 42 discriminating laws or ordinances not to how to beinvested..................363 42 be enforced....................396 46 expenses of disabled officers may be paid arrests without warrant, when authorized, from, when.............364,42,43 397 46 uniforms, how prescribed and provided, 365 43 major and lieutenants may enter buildings, removal for not complying with rules re- ships, &c., at all hours, when.. 398 46 specting..........365 43 may make arrests on suspicion of felony, salaries of members of the police force_366 43 398 46 further sum to be paid by the District.367 43 may take charge of suspected property, special tax to be levied for proportionate 398 46 support of.........368 43 all arrests to be reported to lieutenant of collections to be specially deposited,when, precinct within six hours...399 46 368 43 lieutenant to make written report to board precincts and stations, within twelve hours.....399 46 division of district into precincts... 369 43 returns to specify what particulars..399 46 assignment of lieutenants.........369 43 penalty of officers for neglecting to make establishment of stations and station- arrests. —-—.-.... —. —------— 400 4 houses.........................370 438 detention of witnesses, accommodations for, of substations and substation-houses. 370 43 401 47 station-houses to be provided by the Dis. authority of search and arrest on informatrict...........................371 4t3 tion.............402 47 if authorities neglect, board to provide.372 43 as to gambling-houses, &c...........402 47 expenses to become a proper charge and as to purposes of prostitution, &c.... 402 47 debt, &c.......................372 483 as to obscene entertainments, &c....402 47 residence of members of the police force.-373 44 as to lottery-policies, &c..A...._...402 47 no limitation orrestriction,except,&c.,373 44 arrested persons to be brought before the details to duty without regard to residence, court..........................402 47 374 44 seized implements, &c., to be taken to changes of location, when...........374 44 office of the board of police - - - -.402 47 special policemen, duty of major to prosecute arrested peradditional privates, appointment of, on ap- sons..403 47? plication, &c 375 44 to destroy seized articles.......403 47' expenses of, how paid...............375 44 to close room or house. —... —..403 47 subject to police regulations...376 44 licensed pawnbrokers, &c., emblems for, direction of.,.. —.. 376 44 board of police to have supervision over powers, privileges, and duties of..376 44 doubtful establishments........404 47 removal of, provision for...........377 44 may empower members of force to disspecial privates, appointment of, in case of charge special duties concerning.404 47 riot, &c............378 44 examination of books and premises....405 47 to serve without pay....378 44 property in pawn, examination of.....406 4[ powers, privileges, and duties of.....379 44 not to be taken without process of law, emblems for, how provided..........379 44 406 45 sanitary company, interference of, with police, how punishable, aid to be given to board of health on call, 407 45 380 44 stolen, lost, and abandoned detail of sanitary company............381 44 property, assignment to special duties........381 44 property clerk, appointment and compenpowers of sanitary company -.. —--— 382,44,45 sation of. —------—....... —-..408 4~ inspections and reports..............382, 44,45 custody of stolen, lost, or abandoned propboard of police to enter complaints...383 45 erty.....409 45 proceedings of court on complaint; war- record of, to be kept..........410 45 rant....3......384 45 property-clerk to have powers of notary summary hearing, proceedings ------ 385 45 public. —--—.-.... —-. ——. —.411 45 books and records, -amay administer what oaths, &e.....412 45 what, to be kept.........383 45 return to owner of property not held as general complaint-book, entries in-....386 45 proceeds of crime...............413 45 registry of lost, stolen, &c., property...386 45 to whonm may be delivered........413 45 police records, entries in.............386 4,5 proof of ownership to be filed...413 45 accounts of treasurer, how kept.......387 4.5 property to be receipted for...... 41'3 45 ,t-ge..r~gu. Metropolitan Police-Continued. Page. Militia —Continued. Page. property taken from arrested person, when failing to produce certificate of discharge, and how returned to them-.....414 4~ how enrolled -......1205 140 retention when claimed by other than penalty of officer refusing to grant certhe accused, until, &c — -.-.415, 41~ 49 tifcate, when.................1206 1410 property taken on suspicion, custody of, who to be enrolled.......1207 140 416 19 proof of age when ------------—...-1208 141 to be registered and advertised....-. 416 49 additional enrollments, when.-.....1209 1411 unclaimed property, advertisement and general provisions of organizasale of, when -........417 19 tion and discipline, horses and other animals, when to be brigade inspector, appointment of...1210 141 sold...........................418 49 duties of brigade inspector —.. —-.1211 141 perishable property, sale of...- -....419 49 annual returns, how made.......1212 1t41 proceeds of sales, how disposed of. - - 417 49 legionary staff, appointment of.......1213 141 delivery of property to owner on giving of what officers to consist.-.......1213 141 bonds, &c- -.........420 49 adjutant, duty of -.1... —-. —----— 1214 141 perishable property may be delivered to compensation of adjutant and brigade inowner under bond, when -... —- 421 49 spector- - - - -.- - -...-...- - -.1215' 1411 goods held for sale may be delivered on orders of brigadier-generals, conveyance bond, when —.. —-------------— 422 49 of ------------— 1215 141 retention to value of $50 until, &c. - -422 49 non-commissioned officers, appointment property desired as evidence in court, de. of1217, 141112 livery and return of.-......423 49 penalty for neglect of duty, &c -...1218 142 property held as proceeds of crime, when may be reduced to ranks, when.1219 142 to be treated as unclaimed, &c..424 49 commissioned officers to wear uniforms on private detectives, duty -1.........220 142 who may practice as..425, 49,50 uniforms of non-commissioned officers and bond required from. — -..............- 426 50 privates. —-........- —. —--- 1221 142 to report to secretary of board of police, penalty for not wearing.-. -.......1222 142 427 50 disobedience of orders relating to uniforfeiture of bond of; prosecution of sure- forms, penalty for..............1223 1142 ties-4,,.,,..,,,...........428 50 annual training of commissioned offimaking arrests, duty of.-...429 50 cers...........................1224 142 allpolice laws and regulations applicable to continue three days --—.. ——.- 1225 112 to......-..-...430 50 report of delinquencies............1226 142 compromise of felony, &c., penalty for non-attendance -—.....-1227 142 to be unlawful...-......431 50 misconduct of officers, penalty for -. — 1228 142 what shall be deemed as -—. —- 431 50 of non-commissioned officers and soldiers, penalty for...........................431 50 penalty for......1229, 142,143 miscellaneous provisions, by bystanders, or spectators, penalty assaulting officer when in discharge of his for-12.........130 1413 duty, penalty for -..... —-.....432 50 parade limits, how fixed.. —.....1231 143 falsely representing an officer, penalty apprentices to learn military music..1232 143 for ------------ 433 51 faLther exempt from military duty.1233 143 officer using unnecessary severity, pen- clothing, maintenance, and instrucalty of -----------------------— 434 51 tion...........................1234 143 licenses for sale of intoxicating drinks, annual meeting of musicians for instruc435 51 tion...........................-1235 143 ownership of telegraphic apparatus and compensation of instructors, &c......1236 143 police property.................436 51 musters, police code, preparation and publication company musters, time for...-. 1237 143 of 437 581 battalion musters, time for.-.... 123S 143 its authority.......................438 51 legionary musters, time for -......1239, 143,144 Military Assistance, to continue one day only -.-.. —......1240 144[ board of police may order, when......-334 40 notice of, to commanding officers of leMilitary Duty, gions -—.. ——... —-... —--—.1241 144 firemen exempt from, in time of peace.194 22 to commanding officers of battalions and members of metropolitan police force not companies -- 1..2......1242 11414 liable to.......................353 42 to sergeants and privates —.......1242 144 Militia, how given -.. —1243 144 the President may organize, when....1192 J13 9 penalty of sergeant failing to give-. 1244 1144 oath of officers.....................1193 It 9 what, deemed legal. —..........1245 144 how administered and certified.-1194 139 appearance at muster, regulation of.. -.1246 144 volunteer companies, company inspections.................1247 144 how may be organized -. —-------— 1195 1139 battalion inspections.................1248 144 to be subject to militia regulations..- 1196 139 returns by commanding officers......1249 144 uniforms for, how purechasied-...-..1197 139 returns of delinquencies- - - -..- -. - -1250 144 members not to be excused from duty, coutrts-muartial, 1198, 139,140 for trial of general officers..-1251, 144,145 not to withdraw under penalty.... 1199 119 of field- and staff. —-. ——.. —-. —— 1253 145 attachment of, to battalions - 12-...- 1200 149 of company officers --—.. —.... —-1254 145 enrollmente of the militia, proceedings on; approval of sentence.1255 145 militia districts, how prescribed-....1201 149 summons of witnesses-125.........16 1415 company divisions, how formed-...1202 1141 penalty of witness for default-...1257 145i new enrollments, how made -........120l3 149O c~ua, t~ oF inquiry, when militiaman removes into another oath of members, fiorm of-....-.. 1259 145 district -.......1204 140 proceedings of-.' 1260 145 INDEX. 181 Page. Page. Militia-Continued. g Ministers of the Gospel, battalion courts of inquiry......1258 145 any, may be authorized to celebrate marlegionary courts of inquiry -........1261 145 riages...-.. —..718 ~6 how composed.-....... 1263 146 to record certificates of marriage......721 ~6 proceedings.......................1264 146 form of minister's certificate..........722 S6 return of delinquent officers.-....1265 146 Minors, remission of fines and duties.-..1266 146 special laws for sale or mortgage of real clerk and provost-marshal, appointment estate of, prohibited.-..54 6 of...........................-1267 146 redemption by, of property sold for taxes, duties of clerk....................1268 146 time allowed for. -.-....169 19 legionary courts, extraordinary.......1262 146 guardian of, appointed without the Dissquadron courts of inquiry......-.. 1269 146 trict, may institute suits, &c....951 112 legionary courts of cavalry......-....1270 146 may collect and receive money......952 112 how composed and governed......1271 146 may convey property, when -------— 952 112 delinquencies, to file certificate of bond to account to forfeitures and penalties incurred for- minor-.-.-....-..953 112 by commanding officer of legion.-. 1272 Misdemeanor, 1469 147 using personal violence upon an elector to by major..........................1272 147 be, penalty for.................103 11 by captain.........1272 147 disturbing elector in the exercise of the by subalterns............1272 147 franchise to be...............-.104 11 by non-commissioned officers and soldiers, misapplication of certain certificates of in1.272 147 debtedness deemed.............-129 14 by privates at muster.-...........1272 147 unlawfully tapping water-pipe deemed.218 25 remission of fines in certain cases.....-1273 147 police officer neglecting to make arrests - fines of minors, &c., how paid........1274 147 deemed guilty of...............400 47 collection of fines, method of.-....1275 147 assaulting police officer in the discharge of proceedings in distress...-...1276, 1471 148 duty to be...432 50 commitment to jail, when.........1277 148 false personation of police officer to be.433 50 accounts and compensation of marshal, conviction of, a disqualification for jury1278 14S duty.-872 102 recovery from marshal1....2.179 14L8 not otherwise provided for, how punished, removal of paymaster not to abate pro- (see Crimes and Offenses,)........1146 131 ceedings......................1280 148 Misconduct, Official, disposal of fines...................1281 148 justices of the peace may be removed for, paymasters' accounts.-......-..1282 148 1030 120 bond, liability, and commissions of pay- Missionary Societies, (see Societies,) master....-....1283 148 may be incorporated under generallaw.545 66 remission of fines, when...-...1284 ]148 Mock Auctions, exemmptions, board of police to enforce laws regarding, professors, students, &c., exempt from mil- 335 40 itia duty 1...................1285 14S Moleties, arms and equipments exempt from taxa- accruing to informers under Maryland laws, tion or execution - 12.... —...1286 148 how collected and paid over....837 99 officers and privates exempt from civil pro- informer to have, of fine recovered from cess, when... -......1287 149 lottery-dealers.1......... 1174 135 militia laws, and articles of war, dis- Money, (see Interest,) tribution of....................1288 149 rate of interest allowed on loans.._....713 ~5 whene called into actunal servlice, Moneys, Public, (see Public Moneys.) when called int~~ ~~~~~~~ o actual serie, President may call................... 1290 49 Mortgagee, equipment and subsistence...........1290 149 redemption by, of property sold for taxes, orders and details. —-—.-..........1291 149 time allowed for.........168 19 to be governed by articles of war....1292 149 Mortgages, courts-martial, regulation of -........1292 l149 of real estate to be valid from date of recapproval of President necessary, to what ord only..-.... —..........447, 52, 53 sentences.....................1292 149 upon real estate of certain corporations recommanding officer may call out rmilitia, stricted -....-.......... —.-554, 67, 6S when.........................1293 149 in suits for foreclosure of, publication may may call for what aid --. —.......1293 149 be substituted for personal service, notice to the President............1294 149when......787 93 pay and rations......................1295 149 ofexempt property not valid without wife's signature. —.. —. —o............98 95 Mineral Waters, 4c., Motionls, signature798 9 manufacturers and vendors of, may file de- what are non-enumerated and may be scription of marks.. —...........1188 137 heard at a special term, supreme to publish notice, how. —.........1188 137 court may determine -.. ——.....770 92 use, &c., of marked bottles without per- what may be heard at general term in first mission, penalty for...........1189 1140 instance, supreme court may deterMining Companies, mine —-------— _ 770 92 may be formed under general law, (see In- non-enumerated, to be first heard at special corporation).............. 5..53.,.67 300 5 may be first heard at a general term, Mtinisterial Oficers, when......................800 95 legislative assembly may provide for elec- for new trial in civil cases, when may be tion or appointment of...........64 7 entertained.....-....804, 95, 96 duties, terms of office, and compensatiqn appeal to general term from decision on, of, how prescribed....-.....64 7 805 96 182 INDEX. Page. Page. Mot ions- Continued. Notavies Public-Continued. to be heard at general term in first in- original protest of bills of exchange, &c., stance, when............-...806 96 to be evidence -----------------— 988 115 Mule, certificate of protest to be evidence..989 116 one, exempt from seizure, when.-..797, 94, 95 fees ofMunicipal Corporations, for each certificate and seal.-........990 116 of Washington and Georgetown, the Dis- taking depositions, &c..............990 116 trict the successor of.............96 10 administeringoath -...-..-........990 116 Musical Societies, (see Societies,) taking acknowledgment of deed or power may be incorporated under general law.545 66 of attorney, &c.................990 1i16 Musters, (see Militia.) protest of bill of exchange or promissory Muttal Imrovement Societies, (see Societies,) note, &e -...............990 116 may be organized under general law-..545 66 notice of protest..-.................990 116 demand for acceptance or payment..990 116 noting of protest...................990 116 N. penalty for taking greater than prescribed N amnes, fees............................991 116 of persons, how may be changed.- 833-835 98 deposit of records with clerk of supreme National Banks, court upon death, resignation, or regeneral laws relating to, not changed by moval-992...11.6......992 1116 usury law......................717 S5 wNote of Issue, New Jail, must be furnished to clerk of supreme re-imbursement of United States for part court, hed tce osp802 9m of cost of......................1097 126 NAr~~~~ew Trial, ~what to contain, and how entered -.802 95 A~ewo Trial, motion for, when must be made.......-803 95 Notes, Drafts, 4-e., when justice may entertain motion for 803 95 maturing on a public holiday to be taken as motion for, heard first at general term, maturing oh day previous....993 116 when-..........................06 9t6 Nootice, New Year's Day, of time and place of sale of real property declared a public holiday..............993 116 for taxesNon-RIesidents, in Washington, how given..........154 18 not to be taxed hLigher than residents.. -57 6 in Georgetown-.-. —.. —-----—.-.177 20 notice to, in divorce causes, how given.735 87 in the county.........-..185 21 original suits not to be brought against, ex- of sale of personal property for taxes, cept, &c....-. ——.. —.767 91 176, 188, 20,21 proceedings against, in common-law and for preventing waste of Potomac water.214 4 chancery causes --------------— 768 91 of opening or changing line of highways, writs of attachment and garnishment, how 253 29 issued in cases of................ 782 93 of condemnation of land for school sites, defendants to suits may be notified by 286, 33,34 publication, in what cases —-—. —787 93 of partnerships, provisions concerning, when corporations, process against, how 497-500 60 served.-........... 790 94 of dissolution of partnerships, how given, not to be arrested or imprisoned for debt 517 61 contracted out of the District -....796 94 for payment of subscriptions t6 capital bringing suit before justice of the peace, to stock of corporations....560, 637, 68,76 give security for costs, &c...1002 117 of time of running railroad trains to be Notaries Public, given..........................668 80 legislative assembly may provide for ap- of landlord's lien to be given purchaser pointment of. —--- ----— 62 7 679, 81,82 may define jurisdiction and prescribe du- to determine estate at sufferance or will, ties of. -..........62 7 how served...-. 681 82 what officers of police have powers of, of intention to hold lien on building for 352-411,429, 4 work or materials, to be filed, when, may take acknowledgment of deeds, 693 83 441,444 52 if not filed, lien lost..-..............694 83 any, may act as commissioner to take depo- record of, by clerk of supreme court..695 83 sitions in criminal cases 882....88 1104 if building sold, to be served on puroath and bond of —,-979 115 chaser.......................699 44 official acts of, how authenticated -.980 115 of claim by sub-contractor. journeyman, or to deposit impression of seal with clerk of laborer, effect of-............... — 709,449,85 supreme court,..................981 115 to absent defendant in divorce cases, how seal, records, &c., of, exempt from execu- may be given...................735 8i7 tion -.. -..-......982 115 when maybe by publication, in what suits, authority and powers as to foreign bills of 787 93 exchange......................983 115i of trial, when may be given-..........802 95 may perform what acts for use and effect of intention to change name, how pubbeyond the District........984 115 lished. —-. —------------------— 834 9 authority as to inland bills of exchange, to take depositions in criminal cases, what 985 1115 must contain-.......883 104 may take and certify acknowledgments, of time when commission will be sued out, &c., of powers of attorney, mort- to be given -884 104 gages, deeds, &c-... -.-.. 986 l115 what must contain, &c-.............885 104 may administer oaths, take depositions, how served and returned-..........886 104 &-............................986 11B5 of judgment against constable failing to to keep record of official acts.-... 987 115 pay over money collected -.....1039 11 INDEX. 183 Page. Page. Nuisances, Orpthan-Continued. board of health to determine what are. -.72 7 arriving at age of fourteen may elect guarto provide for the removal of-......72 7 dian........-946 111 board of police to remove.............335 40 may be cited to elect a new guardian, provisions for abatement of.-..380-385, 44,45 when. ——..-..- -..............948 1 1 Orphans' Court, 0. decrees of supreme court in special term, Oaths, Official, held as, how recorded, (see Register to be taken by members of the legislative of Wills, Guardian and Ward, Execuassembly.....................31-33 4,5 tors and Administrators).........930 lOS for civil officers, form of...............85 9 Oxen, of measurer of public work 242 25 one yoke of, exempt from attachment and to jury assessing land-damages for public execution, when......797, 94,95 roads.2.........................60 30 for school-sites in county............288 34 P to be taken by commissioners of police.324 39 by members of the police force.....351,4142 Panel, Jury, of surveyor...........................474 5 when exhausted by challenge, &c., how ofjustices of supreme court ---- -752 9 supplied 8.57. 8693.. Pardons, of offcers of the United States, how may be n~os administered.771 92 governor may grant, for what offenses...6 2,3 of grand jury, additional, as to duelling.840 99 Parks, may be a district attorney portions of the public streets may be set may be administered by diside as-225 26 and assistants..................905 16......... marshal to take what. 910 i86 regulations concerning.. —........225 26 of justices of the peace -........994 117 inclosures not to be used for private purof jury trying cause before justice of the poses.-225 26 peace.........................1013 115 Partition, of constable in charge of jury.......1015 119 in suits for, publication may be substituted constables to take what-....1036 121 for personal service, when...-787 93 of judge of police court..............1043 122 Partnerships, Limntited, police court may administer, to public offi- how may be formed..................488 59 cers.1056 123 general and special partners..........489 59 of clerk of police court...1059 123 special partners, limit to number of.... 490 59 additional, to officers of militia- -— 1193 139 limit to liability of.. -. 491 59 Obligors, Joint, certificate by persons desirous of formone action may be sustained against all or ing -..-..-..-.... 492 59 any...........................827 95 what certificate shall state.........-492 59 Obtaining, acknowledgment of certificate......493 59 byfalse pretenses; punishment for- 1162, 13 3,134 affidavit as to payment by special partOccupation of Property, ners..........-. 494 59 when deemed tenancy by sufferance only 680 52 when to be deemed as formed........495 59 without right, proceedings to recover pos- effect of false statements in certificate session-..._........684-691, 52,53 of.-.....496, 59, 60 Offenses, (see Crimes and Offenses,) publication of terms of...........497 60 justices of peace not to have jurisdiction effect of failure to make publication...598 60 over......._998 117 affidavit of publisher to be filed.......499 60 may issue warrants for certain, return- renewal or continuance of, requirements able to police court..-.....999 117 for............................500 60 not capital or infamous; police court to effect of illegal renewal, &c- 501 6O have jurisdiction of 1049 122 alteration deemed a dissolution of-.502 60 Offices, (see District Buildings.) effect of carrying on, after alteration. 503 60 Officers, Civil, under what names may be carried on..504 60 form of oath for.......................85 9 actions or suits against named partappointed by President to be paid byUnited ners.505 60 States -----------— 88 9 special partner to be deemed a general by District to be paid by the District.88 9 partner, when- ----— 506 60 appointed by President, to give what general partners only *to transact busisecurity for moneys intrusted to ness -.... 507 60 them -............87 9 special partner interfering deemed a genOpen Account, eral partner.-........507 60 in suit on, verified by affidavit, judgment sum paid in by special partner not to be without inquest...._..825 97 withdrawn 508, 69, 61 affidavit of plaintiff, how verified --— 826 95 interest and dividends may be received, Orchards, when -. —----------- 508, 609 61 county school-houses not to be located in, capital of special partner to be made good, without consent, &c............293 34 when-.-..........509 61 trespass upon, penalty for...- 1..186 137 assignments, transfers, &c., against credOrdinances, itors, void-....510 61 certain, of Washington, Georgetown, and liability of special partner violating two levy court, continued in force- -91 9 preceding sections.511 61 Ordinary, bankrupt, claim of special partner as crednot to sell spirituous, &c., liquors without itor restricted. - -.....- -.- 512 61l license-435 51 suits respecting business brought by or Or;phan, (see Guardian and Ward,) against general partners only.-513 61 supreme court may appoint guardian to, against general and special partners when.............-............937 111 when special partner not liable.514 61 184 INDEX. Pame Page. Partnerships, Limited-Continued. Penalties-Continued. new suit against special partner, when, for interference with police in discharge of 515 61 duties -......407 4~ judgment to be evidence of amount due, for compromising felonies, &c.........431 50 516 61 for violence to members of police force in dissolution of........................517 61 discharge of duty. —...........432 5o liability of general partners to each other for falsely representing member of police and to special partners..........518 61 force. —.- -.-................433 51 Par ty- Walls, on policeman for unnecessary severity-. 434 511 what shall be deemed as.-......483 5S on corporation not keeping stock-books encroachments by.-...... 484 55 open to inspection..-...584 O70 alignment, &c., of, by surveyor.._-485 5S of railroad employ6s improperly making up Passageways, passenger train................667 s0 laid out in subdividing squares, to be of railroad corporation refusing to accompublic..........................480 57 modate passengers. —..........669 s0 Passengers, for neglect to enter satisfaction of mechanrailroad companies organized under gene- ics' lien, when..................707 54 ral laws to accommodate-...668 s0 ofjuror not attending when drawn....869'102 refusal to transport, &c.; penalty......-669 s0 for fraud or collusion in drawing jurors, refusing to pay fare, may be put off....670 o 869, 870 102 employ6s without badge not to collect of clerk of supreme court, for not paying fare from.............-........671, 80, S1 surplus fees into Treasury......927 105 Passenger Trains, of register of wills, forreceiving illegal fees, on certain railroads, how made up....667 so 935 gf or Patents, Patents, of guardian, for non-compliance with order jurisdiction of supreme court in actions ofcourt —--------— 944 111 concerning. —----------------—.764 911 on justice of the peace failing to keep appeals from Commmissioner of, how heard docket. - -....-1001 117,and determined.7..............780 93 for omission or neglect by which judg~~~~~~~Paup~ers, ment creditor loses his debt....1001 1I1 legislative assembly to provide for relief failing to deliver docket on resignation of............................... 60 6Po e o a ----- ---— 13 2 of.,.-..-., —-.. —-..... —~. — —.60 6 or removal....-....1032 120 upon executor or administrator of, so failPawnbrokcers, ing.-...........1033 120 board of police to enforce laws regard- liability of constales, to hat 1038 11.13 ~liability of constables, to what.....1038 1211 ing - -.. —....-~ —~ 335 40 for malicious injury to shade and fruit trees, Pawnbrokers, Licensed, &c...........................1184 137 police supervision of-.,.. 404-406, 47, 45 mutilation of statuary, monuments, &c., penalty of, for interfering with police..407 45 1184 1317 Penalties, breaking down or injuring inclosures.1184 137 special laws remitting, prohibited....54 6 severing products from freehold.....1184 137 moneys derived from, to constitute funds trespass upon land-...... 1185 1137 for support of public schools - 313, 36, 37 upon gardens, orchards, &c-........1186 137 accruing under laws of Maryland, how re- injury to cemeteries. -. —..- -.......1187 137 covered and paid over..........837 99 for using or dealing in marked bottles, 1189 13~ imposed by police court, how collected and riding or driving over Benning's bridge paid over.-.... 1079 124 faster than a walk....-. 1191 1135 for using personal violence upon an elector, discharge of fire-arms on or under bridge, 103 11 &c., (see Crimes and Offenses,). -.1191 13 for improper disburgement or application Penalty, Death, of public money...............118 13 how executed, (see Executions,)-. 1092-1096 125 for misapplication of certain certificates of Penitentiary, indebtedness...................129 14 when erected, prisoners to be transferred to, for interrupting discharge of elective fran- 1100 126 chise.-............104 11 what persons to be confined in........ 101 126 for certain unlawful acts or omissions by inspectors of, appointment and term of ofvoters or election officers......105, 11 11 2 fle...........................1102 16 additional liability for refusal or rejection warden, appointment of............1103'127 of legal votes..........-........106 12 office and salary suspended until penifor influencing votes by bribery, &c....107 12 ten tiary built............. -. 1103 127 of elector accepting bribe, &e.-...108 12 inspectors, when to hold first meeting, for unlawfully tapping water-pipes.... — 218 25 1104 127 for breaking, injuring, &c., water-pipes 220 25 regular meetings, when to be held.- 1105 127 for rendering water impure, &c.......221 25 majority of, to constitute a quorum.1106 1 27 of measurer, inspector, &c., making ficti- to appoint a secretary, &c.. -.-.1107 1217 tious vouchers on account of public visits by. —-..1-....... ——.. -—.1108 127 work..........................245 2 S to direct employment of convicts.-.1109 127 for obstruction or injury of public roads, to make penitentiary self-sustaining if 268 30 possible.-..... 1110 127 for obstructing public highways......269 31 to make and enforce rules and regulafor neglect to send children to school, how tions ------------—........1111 127 recovered.....................271, 31, 32 to enforce attention to cleanliness, &c., when not to be enforced......272 3 1112 1 upon district officers failing to pay over to appoint and remove keepers, &c., money due colored schools......316 37 1113 127 for false swearing at police hearings-..393 46 to inspect accounts, &c -1.........1114 127 on policemen neglectingto make arrests.400 47 annual report of, to Congress -......1115 11'27 INDEX. 185 Page. Page. Penitentiary-Continued. Permits, not to be concerned in contracts....1116 127 to visit penitentiary, who may grant.1139 130 contracts null and void if inspectors in- Personal Property, terested............-..........1116 127 sale of, for delinquent taxeswarden to give bond............1117, 127, 128 in Washington......:........176 20 suit on bond of -................ 1118 112~ in Georgetown,,.....180 20 salary of, and of officers and servants, in the county-_.... 188 21 1119 128 of tenant in arrear, right of landlord to to keep what accounts -..........1120 12S seize, abolished...-.... 677 S1 to make contracts and purchases for landlord to have lien upon..........-678 81 supplies......11..............1120 128 lien, how enforced —.-... —------— 679, 81, 820 may let labor of convicts by contract, person having possession of, to have lien, 1120 128 for work done.. -... 71.1 85 general powers and duties -. -..1120 128 may retain possession until charges paid, monthly account to inspectors -....1121 128 711 85 quarterly account to Treasury Depart- lien upon to cease, when.. -.....711 85 ment.........................1122 128 special agreements not interfered with, penalty upon, for being interested in con- 712 85 tracts.-..........1123 128 notice in actions concerning, may be by duties of, who to perform in case of ab- publication,when.........787 93 sence, &c.....................1124 128 amount of,exempt from attachment and to employ convicts in manufacture of sale on execution.............797, 94, 95 shoes, &c.-............1125 1128 bill of sale, &c., of exempt, not valid withprison regulations- out wife's signature............-798 95 1, sanitary precautions.-.1126, 1128, 129 Pestilence, 2, descriptive list to be kept-...,..1126 129 appointment of special policemen in emer3, separate confinement of convicts.1126 129 gency of.......................378 44 4, male and female convicts to be kept Petition Jbr Divorce, apart-............1126 1129 to what court made..................731 ~7 5, clothing......1126 129 proceedings upon. —-. —-.............732 87 6, bedding and accommodations.1126 129 to specify causes with certainty.......733 7, food...... -..-.....1126 129 summonsto answer...-.-.....734 87 8, labor —...........1126 129 Petit Jury, 9, not permitted to converse.-......1126 129 what names drawn to constitute, in crim10, to labor in silence-..............1126 129 inal court......................856 101 punishment of convicts, when authorized, how summoned, when all names are drawn 1127 1129 from box before February 1-...864 102 how inflicted.............1128 129 Petty Larceny report of..........................1129 129 stealing property under $35 in value, restiinspectors to adopt rules and by-laws tution and penalty.............1173 135 regulating -.......1130 129 second conviction of, punishment for.1161 133 report of, to Congress........ 1131, 129, 130 Physician to Penitentiary, physician, appointment and duties...1132 130 appointment and duties of....,.1132 130 infirmary to be established...........1133 130 removal of convicts to infirmary on order removal of sick convicts to-.......1134 1130 of -. —-. — —...........1134 130 discharge of convicts from.........1135 130 discharge upon recommendation of..-1135 130 special rules for government of, may be Plats, made by inspectors............1136 130 of highways to be recorded..........248 29 relaxation of discipline for the sick.1137 130 of property in Washington, record of, where religious worship.......-... 11.38 130 kept.-.........472 57 visits to, restricted...-... 1139 130 of squares, how drawn-...............475 5 penalty upon keepers, &c., for conveying of subdivisions, how made..-....477, 487, 57, 58 letters, &c............ 1.......1140 130 certificate and record of....-.478 57 or bringing in liquor-......1140 130 reference to, for description..........-479 57 rules to govern subordinate officers...1141 130 alleys, &c., laid out on, to remain pubsuits concerning, to be brought in name of lic.............................480 57' United States..-...........1142 130 surveyor's fees for examination of.....-486 58 payment to prisoners on discharge....1143 1I30 of burial grounds, to be made and recordPenitentiary Offenses, ed....596 72 postponement of execution of, for writ of Pleadings, error.-.......: 845 99 in actions of ejectment, fictions in, abolpolice court not to have jurisdiction ished -80.................809 96 of10............10 9 122 Police Board, (see Ietropolitan Police,) what offenses are, (see Crimes and Offenses,) how constituted................ 326 39 1144,1145 131 governor ex-officio to have a vote in. -.327 39 quorum, how constituted -.....328 39 Pennsylvania Avenue, officers of-_330 39 not to be parked-...................- 225 26 president and treasurerof, how selected.331 39 Perjury, their duties -.....-:.-.... 331 39 punishment for, for first offense......1156 1132 bond and salary of treasurer -......332, 39, 40 for second offense..................1156 1132 secretary, appointment, duties, and salary subornation of, punishment for.......-1156 1132 of.......3........33 40 person convicted of, ineligible to officee.86 9 general powers of board-3............34 40 fiilse swearing at police hearings deemed, duties of board...... -.-.-.-.-..335 40 393 46 control of police force....-...-..336 40O before district attorney, &c., how punished, to prescribe rules and regulations for gov905 106 ernment of police force -.....337 4[0 186 rINDEX. Page. Page Police Board-Continued. Police Court-Continued. Page. to furnish information, &c., to District an- prosecutions in, for conducting gift-enterthorities-3 __.. -...........38 40 prises, howmade.......-.....1177 136 annual report to Attorney-General... 339 40,411 appeals from, to supreme court in such appointment of officers of the police force cases... 1178 136 by -.341.........41 41 establishment of.-1041 122 to define qualifications, duties, &c., of offi- judge, his appointment, term of office, and cers.-.........342 41 salary..............-..........1042 122 regulations of board, how promulgated. 345 41 oath of judge-......1043 122 appointment of clerk in office of major, terms of court —-—.- ---— 1044 122 348 41 place for holding sessions, how provided, appointment of surgeons......349 41 1045 122 to prescribe duties of surgeons........349 41 salaries of judge, clerk, and other officers, to require major and lieutenants to give how paid.....-.1046 122 security........................350 41 duties of judge, to be discharged by a to require members of the police force to designated justice of the peace, take an oath of office..........351, 41, 41 when.........................1047 122 members of board vested with powers of oath and pay of justice of the peace actnotaries public and justices of the ing as judge-122......1048 122 peace....... 352 42 jurisdiction and powers, to be exempt from military and jury duty, of offenses not capital or otherwise infa&c............................-353 42 mous.........................1049 122 not to receive presents, &ce- 4..........357 42 judge may issue process for arrest upon may permit officers to retain rewards, information or complaint...- 1050 122 when.-.._.......358 42 may compel attendance of witnesses may dispose of presents, &c., how-....359 42 0501 122 disposal of fines, &c., by direction of..361 42 may examine and commit, or hold to to be trustee of policeman's fund......363 12 bail -................1051 122 may make allowance from fund to disabled may do acts necessary to exercise of jurisofficers, when....- 364, 42, 43 diction.1052 1, 22 to prescribe uniforms for police force..365 43 may punish for contempt, how-... 1053 122 to establish police precincts...........369 43 may enforce judgments or sentences, how, to establish stations and sub-stations.- 370 43 1054 122 to make their own provision for station- may make rules and regulations for conhouses, when...................372 43 duct of business...............1055 123 to detail and assign police force to duty.374 44 to have a seal........................1056 123 may appoint additional privates on appli- may take acknowledgments of deeds.1056 123 cation, when..................375 4 may administer oaths, &c., to public offiregulation and removal of additional pri- cers.........1056 123 vates by...................376, 377 44 clerk, may appoint special privates without pay, appointment, salary, and term of office of, when.....378 44 1057 123 to establish a sanitary police company.381 44 may appoint a deputy, when.......1058 123 to cause complaints against nuisances to be compensation of deputy....... 1058 123 made.-...........383 45 bond and oath of....1059 123 books and records to be kept by. -.386-390 45 may administer oaths, &c..........1060 123 police hearings by; subpinnas to witnesses, deputy may administer oaths in absence 391 46 of............................1060 1123 members of board to have powers of con- no fees to be charged for services of, stables..........................394 46 1061 123 not to enforce discriminating laws.....396 46 bailiffs, appointment and pay of..... 1062 123 power of members of board to arrest with- may act as deputies to marshal for servout warrant..............397 46 ice of process. 1063 123 to provide accommodations for wit- prosecutions, nesses................401 47 to be by information under oath without supervision and inspection of pawnbro- indictment or jury.............1064 123 kers, &c.. —................404,405 47 process directed to major of police in appointment of property-clerk by....408 4S what cases.1065 123 may authorize return to owner of seized to marshalin what cases-.. 1066 123 property, &c -.420 49 how sealed and signed......1067 123 to approve bonds of private detectives.426 50 fees of marshal for serving -.......1068 123 approval of licenses by.... 435 51 attorney of United States to attend, in to prepare and publish police code....438 5i1 what cases....................1069 1123 Police Code, fees for such attendance........1070 1123 authority of...................... 438 51 attorney of District to attend, in what Police Commissioners, cases..........................1071 1 2 number and appointment of.......322, 323 39 how paid. 1072 124 oath of office of......................324 39 witnesses, fees of -—........... —-... 1073 124 to be chief officers of metropolitan police- appeals from judgment of, to supreme district...... 325 39 court..........................1073 124 compensation, of........329 39 appellant to give security to appear and (See Police Board;. Metropolitan Police.) prosecute......................1074 124 Police Court, proceedings in police court then stayed, appeals from, to supreme court, how tried, 1075 124 773 92 recognizance and complaint to be transwarrants returnable to, may be issued by mitted to clerk of supreme court, justices of.the peace, when......999 117 1076 1124 INDEX. 187 Pagc. Pago. Police Court-Continued. Page. Practice-Continued. Page. appellent failing to enter recognizance to supreme court may make rules to regulate, be committed to jail to awNait trial 770 92 on appeal......................1077 124 civil, in supreme court. —.. —-- 800-835, 95,9 court below to send up information, &c., criminal, in supreme court.......836-845, 9S,99 and record of proceedings......1078 124 Preferred Creditors, fines, costs, penalties, and for- of bankrupt partnerships, assignments, &c., feitures, to, void........................510 6 how collected......................1079 124 President of the United States, to be paid over to District..........-1079 124 appointment of governor by -..........3 2 to be applied to payment of salary of of secretary ot the District —...-.....11 3 judge and other expenses of court, of members of legislative council. -. 18 4 1080 124 of board of health - 72 7,8 surplus paid into District treasury quar- of board of public works -........74 8 terly-...-1080 1124 of commissioners of police..........322 39 Police Force, (see Metropolitan Police,) of recorder of deeds..-.... A.. 67 56 general duties of.. -.....-..336 40 to appoint justices of supreme court. -.750 90 of what officers to consist -----------— 340 41 may grant remission of forfeitures and reappointments on, how made -... —..341 41 cognizances..........844'99 qualifications and duties of members of, appointment of attorney of the United how prescribed.................342 41 States...........................904 1106 Police Hearings, ofmarshal..-, -.........910 106 board of police may compel attendance of register of wills —..-..-........929 1OS of witnesses a-........391 46 to appoint a judge of the police court. 1042 122 what officers may administer oaths, &c., to appoint warden and inspectors of peniat.............................39 46 tentiary-...1102,1103, 126,127 penalty for false swearing at..........39t3 46 may cause militia to be formed into regiPolice Precincts, ments, &c., when —-.. —--—....1192 139 establishment of....369 43 may appoint officers for volunteer compaassignment of lieutenants to-.........369 43 nies..1195 139 Police Records, may order out companies, how......1196 139 what, to be kept by board of police, 386-390 45 to appoint brigade inspector of militia, to be open to public inspection........389 45 1237 1143 Police Stations, may order arrest, and trial by court-martial, establishment of, authorized..........370 43 of general officer of militia.1251, 144,1451 District authorities to provide for.....371 483 may call militia into actual service, when, board to provide if District neglects...372 43 1289 149 Police Surgeons, may appoint quartermasters, &c., in such number, appointment, and duties of -.349 41 case.....-..-.-..1290 149 compensation of.....................349 41 and provide for subsistence, &c....1290 1149 Policeman's Fund, Primary Schools, (see Schools, Public.) how constituted... -.. -......362 42 outside of Washington and Georgetown, board of police to be trustees of.-.......363 42 provisions concerning - - - - -.276-293, 32,31 allowances to disabled policemen from, funds for support of; how derived and apwhen -...........364 42, 43 portioned.................312-316 36,37 Policies, Lottery, Prisoners, (see Jail; Penitentiary.) suppression of, police authority for....4-02 47 penitentiary regulations concerning..1126prosecution of persons engaged in-....403 47 1143, 128,130 Posting, Privates, Police, any person as a coward, for refusing to number and appointment of.... 340, 341 41 light a duel, penalty for-......1166 123 salary of. ---—. —.....-.. — -......366 43 Potomac River, Probate of Wills, portion of, included in the District......1 2 fees of register for................931, 109,110 islands in, included.....................1 2 Proof, Potomac Water, in divorce cases, admissions of defendant supply of, to Washington and Georgetown, not to be taken as.............-737 ~7 how regulated...............195 229, 23 of wills by commission, how taken -894-896 105 no expense to United States.........196 23 Proof of Deeds, (see Conveyance of Real Estate.) rates for, how established..........197 23 Process, not to be a source of revenue......198 23 against educational, &c., corporations, waste of, to be prevented..............214 21 service of.53 64 may be shut off, when..2......14 24 out of supreme court, tested in name of use for manufactories, fountains, &c., any justice 781 93 restricted.....................215 24, 25 name of clerk may be signed to, by assist- meters for manuifactories, hotels, livery- taut..-...............916 101 stables, &c -............216 25 service of, on foreign corporations......790 94 application of all moneys received for..217 25i action by original, only against inhabitant penalty for unlawfully tapping pipes..218 25 of or person found in District..767 91 prosecution for........219 25i publication substituted for personal service for injuring or destroying pipes, &c.. 220 25 of, in what suits................787 93 for rendering impure, &c............221 25 civil service of, by constables -.....1035 11211 Practice, for arrest, judge of police-court may issue, speciallaws regulating, in courts ofjustice, how-....-............1050 1122 prohibited........-....-......54 6 issued by police courtof judicial courts may be modified, how, for violation of District ordinances, how 61 6 served.-......................1065' 123 188 INDEX. Page. Page. Process-Continued. Public Moneys-Continued. in cases cognizable by supreme court, raised by taxes not to be diverted from how served-... -1066 123 legitimate objects -.......-...116 13 to be under seal of court...........-1067 123 separate and distinct accounts to be kept, fees of marshal for service of-.......1C6S 123 117 13 expense of executing criminal, how charge- transfer from one fund to another forable -........ 1149 131 bidden 117 I13 Promissory N2otes, not to be paid for objects for which not notaries may demand payment of, and may appropriated...................-117 1 3 protest-......................... 985 115 penalty for violating two preceding secProperty Clerk, (see Stolen, 4c-., Property, tions-...........................118 I 3 appointment and salary of............408 48 Public Notice, (see Notice.) duties and powers of.............409-424 48,4t9 Public Peace, Prosecutions, board of police to preserve............-335 40 when for libel, truth may be given in jus- Public Schools, (see Schools, Public; Colored tification.......842 99 Schools; County Schools)..-271-320, 31-37 before police court- a system of free, to be maintained...59 6 to be byinformation under oath, without children between certain ages to be sent to, indictment or jury..... -......1064 123 271, 31, 32 for violation of District ordinances, pro- term of annual attendance at, prescribed, cess, how served. -.-....1065 123 271, 311 32 in cases cognizable by supreme court, penalty on parents, &c., for neglect to send process of police court, how served, children to.. -..-...........271, 31, 32 1066 123 when penalty need not be enforced.. -.272 32 process to be under seal of police court, duty of trustees in enforcing attendance 1067 123 at 273 32 attorney of United States to attend, children to be vaccinated before admission what — 1069 123 to......................... 13274 2 attorney of District to attend, what. 1071 123 legal construction of provisions relating Protest, to.-............. 275 32 by notaries public, of foreign bills of ex- special tax to be levied for support of, &c., change............. -..-..982 115 312 36 of inland bills, promissory notes, &c.985 115 money from fines, penalties, and forfeitures, to be prima-facia evidence of facts stated, to constitute funds for support of, 988,989 115,116 313, 36, 37 Provisions, apportionment of such funds......313, 36, 37 of family, quantity of, exempt from seizure, to be applied proportionately to white 797, 94,95 and colored schools..-.........314 37 Proxy, proportion for colored schools to be paid stockholders in certain corporations may be quarterly..................... 315 3 7 represented by -.........556, 627, 68,75 penalty for failure to make such payPublication, ments..........................316 37 when, may be substituted for personal serv- provisions relating to lands conveyed by ice of process..- 787 93 the United States for school purinstead of personal service may be ordered, poses......................317-320 37 when -... 788 93 Public TWorks, (see Improvements; Contracts,) form of order -.-......... 789 93 regulation of contracts for - 238-245, 27, 2 to bring in defendant in action of replevin, Publisher's Affidavit, when..-............818 97 as to publication of partnership notice.499 60 Public Celebrations, 4-c., Punishment, (see Crimes aand Offenses; Penalspecial policemen may be appointed on ties; Penitentiary.) days of-..... -..378 44 by imprisonment, substituted for whipping, Public Health, (see Health, Public,) 1147, 131 board of police to guard the...........-335 40 Q. to enforce laws regarding...........335 40 Quashing, Public Holidays, writ of attachment or garnishment, when, what days are declared to be..........993 1161 783 93 to be treated as Sunday for all purposes of Quorum, protesting notes, &e.9..... 93 1161 of either branch of legislative assembly, Public Moneys, what to be deemed..............-34 5 disbursement of, by board of public works, of board of metropolitan police, what to 78 be.............................328 39 delinquent custodians of, ineligible to office, of board of inspectors of penitentiary, what 86 9 to be..........................1106 127 provisions for appropriation of, by legisla- Quo Warranto, tive assembly - -........110 1t2 writ of, when to issue against educational not to be drawn except in pursuance of ap- corporations.... -.-.-... 532 64 propriation.112 12 disbursement of, by governor and secretary, R. how made —--------- 113 1 Railroad Companies, semi-annual report to Secretary of Treas- incorporation of, under general law, ury-.........11...3 13 618-676, 44-8 1 appropriated by Congress, restriction on who may form.....-.-.-.-..618 7 4 expenditure of, by legislative assem- subscription to stock-.....18 74L bly -........1144 13 articles of association to state what..-618 74~ raisel or appropriated by Congress for to be filed with recorder of deeds....619 74 school purposes, how applied....115 13: when deemed incorporated............619 74 ~INDEX. 189 Page. Page. Railroad Companies-Continued. Railroad Companies-Continued. corporate powers..................619 74 appraisers to be sworn......-.655 75 copy of articles of association to be evi- return of assessment...............655 7S dence..........................620 74 payment or tender of amount assessed, books to be opened for subscriptions.. 621 74 656, 7S, 79 distribution and allotment of stock.-.622 74 cost of award, how paid..............657 79 annual meeting of stockholders to elect review of award by court....658 79 directors......................; 623 74 possession by company notwithstanding notice of, how given................6623 74 appeal -...................659 79 judges of election and their duties....624 75 restriction upon effect of appeal-....659 79 certificate of election by............625 75 costs of arbitration divided.........660 79 directors, number, qualification, and term payment into court where conflicting of office of...-.-......626 75 claims -...........661 79 how chosen -.... 627 875 determination of ownership by court.661 79 when election not held on day desig- protection of interest of unknown ownnated.-........................628 75 ers.............................662 79 called meetings of stockholders.......6'29 75 perfecting defective titles.-..........663 79 object of, to be stated in notice-...630 75 may borrow money..................664, 79, SO adjournment and dissolution for lack of may issue bonds and mortgage propattendance......-..............630 75 erty..........................664, 79, SO by-laws, directors to make what -—.-631 75 may makebonds convertible.........-664, 79, SO officers, how elected or appointed......632 75 sale of bonds -... ——. —---—.-..-.664, 79, SO removal of president, directors, &c. —.633 75 no bonds or mortgages until half capitalannual statement of affairs to be made.634 75 stock paid in..................664, 79, SO when to be made on call of stockholders, annual report to clerk of supreme court of 635 76 District..-.-........665 so stock of, deemed personal estate......-.636 76 to be verified, how.................-665. SO how transferable...................636 76 what to state.-.........665 so subscriptions to, may be called for, how, to convey the mails of the United States.666 SO 637 76 compensation for, how determined in forfeiture of, if subscriptions not paid, certain cases...................666 s0 637 76 passenger trains, how to be made up..667 So certificate of amount of stock paid in.638 76 penalty in case of accident when impropto be sworn to andi recorded.........638 76 erly made up..................667 SO capital stock, when may be increased..639 76 running and accommodation of trains..668 SO certificate of increase to be filed and re- penalty for refusing to transport passencorded-.....640 76 gers or property. -...........669 so limit upon increase....641 76 passenger refusing to pay fare.....- -.670 So collection of subscriptions, &c., by suit -642 76 badges to be worn by employ6s......671, SO, Si1 -~eneral and special powers, &c...-.643, 76, 77 conductor without badge not to receive fare, survey of route.....................643 76 &c-....672 S 1 may enter upon land, &c., subject to dam- employes without badge not to interfere ages.-............. 643 76 with passengers, &c............672 S1 may receive donations of property. 643 76 sanction of Congress to route and termini acquisition of lands for road, depots, of roads........................673 SI &c......643 76 power of Congress to regulate managewidth of road-..643 77 ment of........................674 Si use of earth and materials.......643 77 to regulate rates of fare and freight.674 S1 occupation of streets, crossing of streams, limit upon construction of this chapter. 675 S1l &c............................643 77 powerof Congress to amend, repeal, &c.. 676 S1 intersection with other roads........643 77 Railroads, may purchase or take necessary lands, prohibited on parts of I and K streets..223 26 643 77 Railway Stations, changes of line restricted...........643 77 protection of strangers and travelers at.335 40 transportation of persons and property, Rape, 643 77 punishment of, for first offense...1152 131 buildings, fixtures, machinery, &c...643 77 for second offense..1...... 1152 131 regulation of trains and tolls......643 77 accessory to, before the fact, punishment map and profile to be filed....... 644 77 for being......................1152 131 alteration of line of road.............645 77 assault with intent to commit, punishment crossing highways............... —-646, 77, 7S for.............. 1153 131 change of line to avoid excessive grades, Real Estate, (see Conveyance, ic.; Land,) 646 7 sold or transferred, description of, how regappropriation of land by..-..-....647 7 ulated.........................439 51 right to take lands..............648 7 deeds of, to be recorded.............440, 519 52 entryupon, survey,&c., oflandsrequired, conveyances, &c., of, when to take effect, 649?7 446, 447, 52, 53 description of land intended to be appro- bond or contract in relation to, held to be printed to be filed.......650 7S notice after record. 449 53 purchase of land, materials, &c., of owner, limit to use of, for religious purposes. 456 54 651 7 S action for unlawful detainer and possession purchase when owner insane or a minor, of..684-691, ~2, S3 651 75 in actions involving, publication may be,appropriation of, where agreement cannot substituted for personal service, be reached.652 7 S when..787 9 3 where owner is unknown.....653 7~ action to recover, must be against owner appraisal of damages............654 7~ or possessor.....809.....09 96 190 INDEX. rage. P. lReal Estate-Continued. Register of Wills, Page. of infant, guardian may file bill for sale of, additional duties may be imposed on...63 7 when -........................957 112 office and duties of, how continued.-.90 9 bill for sale of, to set out what. ——.958 113 to furnish list of transfers of property to cannot be sold if testator has directed District officers..-.-.144 16 otherwise......................963 113 appointment, oath, powers, and duties of, guardian cannot be purchaser of.-.964 113 929 108 terms of sale of.....................-965 113 bond of............................-.930 10S8 investment of proceeds of sale of.- -.966 113 schedule of fees of -............-.931 109 security for faithful application of pro- court may allow other fees for services not ceeds..........................967 113 specified..-.....-.$....932 110 proceeds of sale to be deemed real estate if table of fees to be conspicuously posted in infant dies intestate -............968 113 office of ----------— 933 110 of tenant for life may be sold, when - - 969 113 neglect to post table of fees, penalty for.934 I 10 application for sale of, how made.970111 3114 penalty for taking greater fees than preactions involving title to, not triable be- scribed.-... -.......935 110 fore justice of the peace........997 117 allowance to, for record-books and dockets, Receitvers of Stolen Property, 936 110 to value of $35, and upward, punishment Religious Societies, (see Societies,) of.............................1160 133 incorporation of, under general law, where value under $35, restitution and 533-544, 659 66 punishment...................1173 I185 Remission, second conviction, punishment on..1161 135 of forfeitures of recognizances, President where property embezzled, penalty of re- may grant......................844 99 ceiver.........................1171 1385 Removal of Causes, Recognizance, to Supreme Court of United States, regulain action of detainer, certified to supreme tion of -.-. -..846-850 100 court...........................687 82 Rent, in case of appeal defendant to give right of landlord to seize chattels of tenwhat...........689, 82, 83 ant for, abolished -......677 8 1 President may grant remission of forfeit- landlord to have tacit lien for -.......678 81 ures of.........................844 99 lien, how enforced -...........679,808, 81, 96 of appellant from judgment of police court Repeal, to appear and prosecute.-....1074 124 by Congress, acts of legislative assembly when given, proceedings in police court subject to.........50 6 stayed........................1075 124 of incorporations under general law, to be transmitted to clerk of supreme power of -..676 81 court -.. -..............1076 124 of act of legislative assembly authorizappellant failing to enter, to be committed ing gift enterprises.......1176 136 to jail.........................1077 124 _Replevin, Record, declaration in, form of.......... 814 96 of decree in equity confirming sale, effect plaintiff's affidavit, what to state-.._ 815 97 of. —...-... — -.-.- -........793 94 undertaking with surety, plaintiff must enRecord-Books, ter into.. -.........816 97 register of wills to be allowed for....-936 110 action of, may be prosecuted for the value Recorder of Deeds, (see Land Records; Convey- of the goods, when....817 97 ance of Real Estate,) defendant not found may be brought in by additional duties may be imposed on....63 7 publication..818 97 office and duties of, how continued:,...90 9 when defendant fails to appear, proceedto furnish lists of transfers of property to ings.......-. 819 97 District officers.................144 16 plea of not guilty, what may be given in to enter report of tax-sales of real estate in evidence.-.-...820 97 land-records...................175 20 defendant may plead specially -...820 97 to record deeds, &c., of real estate....440, 51, 52 plaintiff's damages, how assessed.....821 97 office of; established...-....... 467 56 if issue found for defendant, what judgappointment and duties of -.....467 56 m —enat -4.6..........822 97 rooms to be furnished for-.. —---—.-468 56 when goods eloigned by defendant, what may procure rooms, when............ 469 56 damages may be given-.. —.....823 97 fees of...... 470 56 judgment in such case to be what...824 97 certain records in office of, made valid..471 56 Reports, certificates of incorporation, &c., to be filed to Congress, annual, of board of public in office of, (see Incorlporation, Gen- works, how made.._...84 90 eral.) of inspectors of penitentiary. 1115,1130,1127, 1 29 Records, (see Land Records.) to Secretary of Interior, annual, to be made what to be kept in office of surveyor..472 57 by warden of jail.. -...1091 125 transcripts from to be evidence......-473 57 Reservations, Public, board of police to keep what...... 386-390 45 not to be occupied by private persons.222 25, 26 to be open to public inspection........ 369 45 Residence, notarial, exempt from execution.......982 1 5 time of, required when ground of divorce how disposed of in case of death, resigna- arises out of District.....740 8S tion, &c........................992 116 Rcstaurants, Redemption of Property sold for Tazxs, not to sell spirituous, &c., liquors without in Washington, time allowed for.......166 19 license...............435 51 provisions concerning..........166-169 19 _Restittion, in Georgetown, provisionsconcerning.177 20 in cases of petty larceny and receiving, in the county-.............187 211 what to be made..........1173 185 Reference, (see Arbitration.) Respites, Regiment, (see Militia.) governor may grant, for what offenses...6 2, 3 INDEX. 191 P~qgo. Pago. ieturn, age. Sale-Continued. Page. of commission to take deposition in crim- of real estate of infant by guardianinal cases, how made.. -....891 104 bill to be filed in supreme court for, clerk to open and file....- 891 104 when..........................-957 1112 to justices of the peace, not to be recorded how verified, and what to state —..958 113 as satisfied without plaintiff's re- infant and heirs made parties defendant, ceipt.-.................1021 119 959 113 Rights of Persons, guardian ad litem to answer....- 959 113 duty of board of police to protect-...335 40 infant to answer in person, when....959 113 Rights of Property, commission for taking depositions..-.960 113 duty of board of police to protect-..335 40O when court may decree a sale...960, 961 113 Riots, costs of sale, how paid —--. —... —.-962 1131 authority of board of police to quell.334 40 no sale to be decreed if will directsotherappointment of special policemen in emer- wise...........................963 113 gency of..........378 44 guardian not to become purchaser...964 11 3 Roads, (see Highways,) terms of sale........................965 113 appropriations for repair of, how made..67 7 proceeds of sale, how invested-..966 113 for improvements of, how disbursed. -.78 8 court to require security...........967 113 what are deemed public........ 246 28 Saloons, jurisdiction over -..............-.. 247 29 not to sell spirituous, &c., liquors without laying out new, provisions concerning, license -...........435 511 250-266, 29, 30 Sanitary Police Company, condemnation of materials for repair of..267 30 selection and assignment of..........-381 44 penalty for obstructing, &c 268, 269 30, 31 powers and duties of.-..............382 d44 Robbery, inspections and reports —........-.382 44 punishment of, for first offense.......-1154 132 records of, by whom kept -............348 41 for second offense. —---------—.-...1154 1132 Satisfaction of Liens, accessory to, before the fact, punishment entry of, to be made, when............. 707 84 for being...-.-..1154 132 penalty for neglect to make entry of...707 84 Roster, (see Militia.) Savings Banks, Rules of Court, may be incorporated under general law, of supreme court, for holding general and (see Incorporation, General)..-553 67 special terms.....-755 90 School Punds, for regulation of practice and appeamls.770 92 raised by taxation, &c., or appropriated by of police court for conduct of business.l105 123 Congress, how to be applied-....115 13 derived from fines, penalties, &c., appropriS. - ation of. -.............. 312-316, 36, 37 Sch7zool Property, Salaries, (see Comnpensationl,) exempt from tax....................147, 16, 17 of governor............................5 Schools, Public, 271-320, 3 1L-38S of secretary of the District- - 1....12 3 a system of free, to be maintained.-..59 6 of members of the board of health.....73 8 all children between certain ages to be sent of members of board of public works....76 8 to the -—. —-.- -. -............271, 31,32 of secretary of board of trustees of colored penalty of parents, &c., for neglect.271, 31,32 schools.-....._2.......99 35 when penalty need not be enforced-..272 3112 of treasurer of board of trustees of colored duty of school-boards to enforce attendance schools.........................302 35 at ---— 2 ——.-... —---------— 273 32 of superintendent of colored schools...304 35 children not to be admitted in, till vacciof commissioners of police.............329 39 nated..... -. - - -...- -.........274 32 of treasurer of board of police-........332, 39, 40 legal construction of provisions-........275 32 of secretary of board of police. —--— 333 40 colunlty schoolst ---------- 276-293, 32-34 of clerk in office of major of police-.....348 41 number and location of school-districts..276 32 of police surgeons ------—. —-...349 41 alteration of districts..-........277 32 of the metropolitan police force..- -..366 43 farms not to be divided.............-278 2 of property-clerk. —-..............-.408 48 powers and duties of school-board - -.279, 32,33 of justices of the supreme court-........751 90 receipt and disbursement of funds. -.279 32 of judge of police court ------------— 1042 12 2 regulation of number of scholars at each of clerk and deputy clerk of police court, school..-279 32 1057, 1858 123 selection, examination, &c., of teachers, of bailiffs of police court.............1062 123 279 32 of officers of police court, when paid..1046 122 pay of teachers. -2............279 32 ofjustice of the peace acting as judge.1048 122 suspension of pupils................ - - 279 32 of warden of jail..................... 1083 1125 rules and regulations..............279, 32,33 of warden of penitentiary............1119 1128 report to legislative assembly....-.279 33 of subordinate officers of penitentiary, how procurementofsitesforschool-houses.279 33 fixed..........................1119 128 erection and maintenance of shool-houses, Sale, 279 33 of attached property before final judgment, supplies and expenses...............- - - - - 279 33 when...............-..........-785 93 pay of teachers to have preference-... -279 833 validity of, where publication substituited limit to cost of school-houses..........280 33 for personal service-.............792 94 provision for colored children —....281 33 under a decree in equity, effect of decree choice of schools by white residents...282 311 confirming-.....................793 94 by colored residents- 33.........82 13 on execution, certain property exempt donations for schools for colored children, from-.. -.. -...........797, 94,95 283 33 of exempt property, not valid without school-taxes, method of assessment and eolwife's signature.-....798 958 lection of-...........284 33 192 INDEX. Page. I'age. Schools, Public-Continued. g Second Marriage, school-funds, apportionment of........285 33 when dissolved by reason of former wife deduction for colored children.......-285 33 or husband living, fact to be stated division of remainder........ —--—.285 33 in decree......................741 Ss condemnation of land for school-sites, pro- issue of, to be deemed legitimate.- -..742 8 ceedings for -..........286-292, 33,34 Secretary of Board of Metropolitan Police, location of school-houses.-.....293 34 appointment, duties, and salary of....333 39 colored schools in Washington - to have powers of notary public and jusand Georgetown-..294-311, 34-36 tice of the peace..........352 42 board of trustees of, how constituted-.294 34 may administer oaths atpolice hearings.392 46 appointment and term of office-.-. 295 35 Secretary of Board of Trustees of Colored Schools, annual report of -—. —--------—. —296 35 appointment of..297,298 35 secretary and treasurer —.....29. 7 385 duties and salary of.....299 35 removals and vacancies...............298 35 not entitled to a vote in the board.... 303 35 duties and compensation of secretary- -299 35 Secretary of District, duties of treasurer....................300 35 appointment, salary, and duties of... 11-15 3 annual statement of treasurer....300, 301 35 how governed in disbursing appropriations salary and bond of treasurer._ -.......302 35 made by Congress-.113 13 secretary and treasurer to attend meetings semi-annual account of, to Secretary of of the board...................303 35 Treasury. 113 1 3 not entitled to a vote...............303 35 Secretary of Legation, superintendent, appointment, salary, and in foreign countries, may take acknowledgterm of office...................304 35 ments of deeds-........444 2 trustees not to create additional offices, &c., Secretary of the Interior, 305 35 to appoint persons to value United States apportionment of school-fund. —--.306, 35, 36 property.......................139 16 proportion of school-money set apart, how to levy and collect tax for street-lights, kept...........................307 36 when..........................234 7 to whom and when payable-.........307 36 for re-imburseing United States for part when not paid, interest may be collected, of cost of new jail.-..1098, 1099 126 307 36 warden of jail to make an annual report trustees may have action of debt against to....-1091 125 District for non-payment........-308 36 Secretary of the Treasury, trustees to have sole control of fund...309 36 to prescribe security to be given by certain to provide schools and teachers......-310 36 officers..........................87 9 to exercise what powers, functions, and to direct governor and secretary in expensupervision... - - - - -..................311 36 diture of appropriations made by support of public schools.312-316, 36,37 Congress..... -.-...113 113 tax for, how assessed and collected. -..312 36 to pay to District one-third cost of fire domoneys derived from fines, penalties, and partment......................191 22 forfeitures, to constitute funds for, to prescribe form of return of district at313, 36,37 torney's fees...........-.......908 106 apportionment of such funds...313, 36,37 clerk of supreme court to make semi-anto be equally applied for white and col- nual return of fees to...........923 104 ored children..................314 37 Secretary of War, proportion for colored schools in Wash- to distribute articles of war and militia ington and Georgetown to be paid laws-..........................1288 149 to trustees quarterly............315 37 Security, (see Bond,) penalty on officer failing to pay over, contractor on public works to give what, 316 37 for money advanced.....241 2S fine, how to be collected............316 37 guardians may be required to give....938 111 provisions relating to land conveyed by father of infant having separate property the United States for school pur- to give...939 111 poses.....................317-320, 37,3S failing to give, court may appoint special Scientific Societies, (see Societies.) guardian-...........940 11 may be incorporated under general law.545 66 additional, may be required of guardian, Scott Square, ~~~~~~~~when.......................... 941 1111 Scott Square, whn941 111 Scott Xqunre, ~~~~~~~~~notice of such reqluirement...........942 11 1 1 railroads on I or K street, fronts of, pro- notice of such requirement-....942 111 hibited ------------------------ 223 26 dismissal for failure to give.....- 943 11tIt Seal, when administrator or executor may be the District may ]have a.-..., 32 2 ccalled upon to give other or further, 974 i ]tzl police-court to have.-.. —--------..1056 123 974 114 notarial, each notary public to have. -.980 115 Seminaries, impression of, where deposited -.981 115 president, professors, students, &c., in, exto be exempt from execution........982 115 empt from militia duty... 1283 14 Sergeants-at-Arms, Search,, of legislative assembly, appointment and police powers of, in case of suspectedl fel- compensation of..........21, 25 4 onies..........................398 46 Sergeants of Police, of gaming-houses, bawdy-houses, &c., an- number and appointment of......340,341 41l thority for.....................402 47 salary of366 of pawnbrokers' premises,&c., when au- Servant, thorized -...............405 4 attachment or execution for wages of, may Second-hand Dealers, be levied on what property -.-.797, 94, 95 supervision of, by police-.-....404-406, 4?,4S no stay of execution,.on judgment for penaltyfor interfering with police -.407 4B wages of-.10'25 126 INDEX. 193 Page. Page. Sewers, Pg.Sepcial Partners-Continued. repair and improvement of.............77 S affidavit as to payment of capital by. -..494 50 disbursements for........-78 ~ false statements to render liable as general Set-off, partners......-..496 59 slb-contractor's, journeymen's, or laborers' when terms of partnership not published, claim recovered against owner of liability of. —...................498 60 building, may be set off against illegal renewal, &c., of partnerships to contractor. 710, 9495 render liable..-501 60 mutual debts between parties to action when name used in firm, liability of-...506 60 may be..-................... 810 96 interfering with business, liability of.. 507 60 form of plea of. -........ 811 96 capital contributed by, not to be withon trial of issue, judgment may be for bal- drawn...........508, 60,61 ance-.....................2, 812 96 to be made good if reduced by payment mutual judgments in court may be, on mo- of interest to, &c..............-509 61 tion -.............813 96 liability of, for violation of two preceding Shade Trees, sections. —.-.-511 61 penalty for malicious injury to.......1184 137 claims of, as creditor of partnership reSheep, stricted. —.. —-—. —--------- 512 61 six, exempt from seizure, when......797, 94, 95 when not liable to suit, to recover costs.514 61 SAhip Landings, suit may be brought against, when _.. 515 61 protection of strangers and travelers at 335 40 general partners to account to.-......518 61 Sinking Fund, Special Policemen, tax may be levied for.-..... 130, 14,15 appointment of, on application, when..375 44 when and how collected...........131 115 to be at expense of person applying for.375 44 limit of amount for one year - -..131 1 5 duties and powers of.,..-...376 44 provision for deficiency in trust-funds. 132 15 removal of 377 44 payment of moneys collected for, to com- appointment of, without pay in certain missioners of -1........33 15 cases — ----- -----— 378 44 commissioners to pay coupons, &c. —...134 15 powers, privileges, and duties of. -....379 44 to invest surplus, how....-...134 15 Special Privileges, record and report to be made by-.135 15 laws granting, to corporations, &c., proregister of bonds of...................13(6 115 hibited -..................54 6 part of act of legislative assembly of Jan- Special Taxes, uary 19,1872, disapproved......137 15 maybe levied forlocal improvements..150 17 Slaughter-tHouses, how to be assessed and collected...-.151 1 police inspection of.....-..382, 44, 45 Special Terms, (see Supreme Court,) complaints against..-...... 383 45 of supreme court, how held.......-....754 90 warrant on complaint -.............-.384 45 periods of holding, how regulated ---- -.755 96 arrest of persons in charge, when.......384 45 for orphans' court business, how held..930 1OS summary hearing of case, proceedings.385 45 Spirituous Liquors, Small-Pox, sale of, without license forbidden-....435 5 1 children to be protected against, before ad- licenses for sale of, to be approved by board mission to public schools.......2714 32 of police.-..-........435 5 I Societies, selling or giving to soldier in uniform, penbenevolent, charitable, musical, &c., may alty for -—......... ——. —-1181 136 be incorporated under general law, licensed dealer in, allowing soldier to drink 545,552, 66, 67 on premises, penalty for.....1182 137 who may form...545 66 forfeiture of license for...1183 137 certificate to be filed with recorder of Squadron, (see Militia.) deeds....-....................545 66 Squares and Lots, (see Surveyor,) what certificate shall specify.. -...545 66 in Washington, records of division of, bewhen to be deemedincorporated-..-..546 66 tween original proprietors and the corporate powers. —--------- -....546 66 public, where to be kept --....472 57 election of trustees, directors, &c......-547 66 plats of, how to be drawn —-- - -.......475 57 powers of trustees, &c-...........- 547 66 to show lines of subdivisions as existed at re-incorporation of existing societies.. -.548 6 completion of....-475 57 may dispose of real estate, how.-..549, 66, 67 description of property transferred. to investment of proceeds..-....549 67 show lines then existing.-... -.-476 57 disposal of real estate given for specified subdivision of, by proprietor, plat to be benevolent purposes-............550 67 made and certified to...........-477 57 limit of time for holding surplus real estate examination, certificate, and record of, by-........................551 67 478, 479 57 no two to be of same name-......552 67 alleys to be defined -. —-..........- 477 57 Soldiers, ways, alleys, and passages to be public, selling, giving, &c., intoxicating drinks to, 480 5 7 penalties for -.....- 1181-1183, 1136,1137 measurement of fronts by surveyor...481, 57 ~,5 Solicitor of the Treasury, apportionment of excess or deficiency clerk of supreme court to furnish copy of among lots......481, 579,5 decree to, respecting his accounts 928 10~ Statuary, Solicitors, penalty for mutilating, &c., on grounds of taxable fee to, in chancery suits.......-903 106 another.......................1184 137 Special Partners, (see Partnerships,) Stay of Execution, (see Supersedeas,) to contribute a specific sum in cash....489 59 on what judgments of justices of the peace limit to number of. —....- -.-..490 59 to be had-....................1023 119 limit to liability of-.-49...........491 59 how entered-..-.-.........1024 119 1o be named in certificate of partnership, not to be had on judgment for servants or &-.-........492 59 laborers' wages-....-...........1025 120 ats rii —13 '194 INDEX. Page. Page. Stay of Execution2ZCContinunued. Stoc oo'aContinUe. Stoek-Bo~kszZC ontinn e&. or upon judgments less than five dollars, to be open for inspection.....580 70 1025 120 transfers to be entered in -..........581 70 Stealing, to be presumptive evidence in suits, &c., to amount of $35 and upward, punishment 582 70 for............................1158 133 penalty for neglect to make proper entries for second offense, punishment for..1158 133 in.-............................583 70 where property less than $35 in value, pun- penalty for neglect to keep open to inishment for —...........1173 135 spection -.......584 70 second conviction of, punishment on.l1161 133 Stolen, Lost, and Abandoned Property, with destruction, where value $35 or up- custody and record of......- —.-409, 410 4s ward ---— 11 —-. —.. —-—.. -..159 133 return of, to owner when not held as prowhere value less than $35..........1173 1385 ceeds of crime..-....413 4~ Steamboat Landings, taken from arrested persons, return of..414 4~ protection of strangers and travelers at, when otherwise claimed, retention of.415, 4LS, 49 335 40 taken on suspicion, custody, &c., of. -.416 49 Stock, sale of unclaimed property —......417 49 for carrying on business of debtor, exempt of horses, &c ---------- 418 49 from seizure, when............-797, 94,95 of perishable property...-.-.-419 49 Stockholders, delivery of property to owner on bond, of manufacturing, mining, &c., corpora- when.-.....................420-422 49 tions, (see Incorporation, General,) when required as evidence in court....423 49 mortgages or liens upon real estate only when to be treated as unclaimed......424 49 by vote of.-..-...... -.. —— 554, 67, 6~ buying or receiving stolen property to value to elect trustees from among themselves, of $35 or upward, penalty for. 1160. 13:3 555 6G where value under $35, penalty for.. 1173 135 to have a vote for each share of stock, 556 6~ second conviction of, where value under not paying subscription to forfeit stock, $35, penalty for-..1161 123 560 65 Strangers, individual liability-.. 562 6S police protection of -3........335 40 officers, making false statements liable for Straw, debts.. —-.. —-..-. —-. ——. —.568 69 regulations for sale of................1190 135 loans to, by company forbidden.... -.570 69 Street Lights, liability of, for dues to laborers, servants, when lamps to be kept lighted..-......232 27 &c.-.....-..........574 69 increase in number of lamps, &c... —-..233 27 liable to amount of stock held-....575, 69, 70 tax for, how levied and collected..233, 234 27 limitation upon liability of -—. - I..576 70 Street Railroads, executors, administrators, guardians, not to be laid in Washington without an&c., not liable.......577 70 thority of Congress.-.2A2.4 26 may represent and vote stockl held by Streets, Avenues, cc., (see Improvements,) them. ——.... —.. ——.... —--- 578 70 repair and improvement of.....77 5 holders of stock as collateral security not disbursements for, how made-78.... ——.8 liable.-.- -. 578 70 in the city of Washingtonperson pledging such stock liable-. 578 70 no part of any, to be occupied by private may represent and vote upon it.579 70 persons ----— 2 —— 2.. —. —--- 2, 25,26 record of, to be kept in books......-580 70 railroads prohibited on parts of I and K to have access to records and stock- streets. —.......223.26 books ------------------------— 588 71I no more street railroads without the conmeeting of, to increase or dlimninish capital sent of Congress - -.-..-..224 26 stock 588 71I parking, &c., of, authorized- 2.....25 26 to take benefit of general incorporation improved wholly or in part by the United laws..-........589 71 Statestwo-thirds of stock must be represented to be kept free from obstructions....226 26 at..............-..590 71 suits against persons obstructing..-..227 26 certificate and record of proceedings at, permits for laying gas-pipes, &c - 2..28 26 to be acknowledged and filed with removal of obstructions...........229 26 recorder of deeds...- 5....91 71 penalty for obstructing. —..-.....-229 26 copy so filed to be evidence.-. 593 71 penalty for failing to replace pavingof railroad companies, (see Railroad Conmpa- stones, &c.....................230 26 nies,)- in the vicinity of the Capitolto be specified in certificate of incorpo- grades of, established...........231, 262 ration -6....... — —....-...618 74 Sub-contractor, when deemed incorporated....- 619 74 notice by, of claim on building for labor or annual meeting to elect directors....623 74 material furnished.-......709, S4,l5 judges of election to be...... —.624 75 owner of building liable for such claim, called meetings of........ 629'75 709, 849,5 object to be stated in notice'.- 630 75 Subdivision of Squares, may remove president and officers, when, in city of Washington, how made.477-480 57 633 75 plat, how made and certified.......477 57 statement at meetings by president and examinations by surveyor..........478 57 ~directors-............-.634 75 surveyor's certificate and record.- -.478 57 may require statement from directors, reference to recorded plat in descriptions, 635 7 5 479,57 Stock-Books, ways, alleys, and passages to be public, of manufacturing, &c., corporations organ- 480 57 ized under general law — Submission Bond, (see Boards of Tradce,) how to be hept.,. -—.-.......579 70 not required to be filed, when.........615 3 INDEX. 195 Page. Pamo. Subornation of Pejury, P uaits —Cont ined. punishment for, for first offeri~-,,,.1156 12 non-residents bringing, before justice of the for second offense.................1156 132 peace to give security for costs, &c., Subpanas, 1002 1R board of police have power to issue -..391 46 before justice of peace, how removed to may be issued by committees of reference another justice..-....~......1004 1]a of boards of trade.............616 73 Summary Hearing, fees of register of wills for issuing..931 109 of appeals to supreme court from justices Substitutes, of the peace, provision for-....775 92 enlistment of criminals as, unlawful. 1179 136 Summary Trials, pen altyforprocuring such eulistments1179 136 of persons arrested for violation of health officers, &c., of jail aiding in enlistment of, laws, proceedings in.-. —--.'385 45 penalty for.. -.-.-..1180 1136 Suvmmons, Subsistence, in action to enforce mechanic's lien, how of militia when called into actual service, served.-.........698, 699 ~ provision for.............-....1290 143 to defendant in divorce proceedings, how Suffrage, (see Elections,) issued. —. ——... —-.. —-----—.734 ~ right of, not to be abridged-.......58 6 of seven days, before justice of the peace, who are entitled to exercise right of -..98, 11011 to unlawful possessor of real estate, penalty for interference, &c., with exercise 685 2 of. —.....................103-105, 11,12 when two returned non est against apforfeiture of right of, by voter accepting pellee in appeals from justice of the bribe ----— 108 L2 peace.........................77799 93 Sufferance and will, marshal's fee for service of-....9 111 estates at, how determined -.-......681 ~2 Sunday Laws, Suits, (see Action,) board of police to enforce-...... —...335 3 by or against the District as a corporate Sulersedeas, body, right of........2 2 error or appeal to Supreme Court of United against former corporations of Washington States to operate as, when. —--.849 tO and Georgetown not abated-.....95 10 on judgments of Supreme Court, injuneby and against religious societies not tion or proceedings in error only to abated by death of trustees-...455 4 be ----—.. —-----------------— 850 1 O0 against partnerships, who may be defend- on judgments of justices of the peace, proants in............505 6O visions concerning - - - 1023-1025, 1199,12O to be brought byand against general part- Superintendent of Colored Schools, ners only, except, &c..-..513 61 appointment and salary of. —....304 3 when brought against general and special Supreme Court, partners, and special partner not lia- how composed........................-750 9 bld, costs- -........514 61 chief and associate justices, appointment, new, may be brought against special part- &c., of.........................750 96 ners, when..-.-. 515 61 salary of justices.....................751 for forfeiture of corporate privileges under oath of justices...-.........752 90 general law, how brought.-.532 64 termns, for collection of stock-subscriptions to in- of circuit, district, and criminal courts, to corporated companies..-..642 76 be deemed terms of supreme court, for enforcement of mechanics' liens, how 753 9 brought.....-... 693-699, ~3, S4 judgments, decrees, &c., at, to be acts of proceedings in....-700 S4 supreme court-......753 several, may be joined, when -...705 ~4 right of appeal not affected........ 753 90 court may consolidate, when-.....706 ~4 three justices may hold a general term. 754 90 for recovery of interest unlawfully paid, one justice may hold a special term --.-754 90 when to be brought....... 716 5 rule of court to regulate holding of terms, by and against married women, how may &c -.755 90 be brought. -.-.......729 7 three terms to be held annually -----—.756 90 husband not liable for recovery on-...730 q7 special terms, how and when held.-...757 90 in divorce causes, proceedings in.731-749, ~7-~9 special term as a district court of the original, in supreme court, restriction of as United States, when held.- - -..758 90 to residence..-.-.-..........767 91 as the criminal court of the District, by or against non-residents in common law when held-................. 759 90 and chancery causes.. -...768 91 juarisdiction, original publication may be substituted for personal as a circuit court of the United States, service in what.. -......787 9 3 extent of.-.-.-......760 9 1 in equity, to be heard at special terms.800 9 justices to have powers of judges of cirof replevin, declaration and proceedings cult courts..-.. -.-..761 91 in...8..........814-824, 96, 97 as-a district court of the United States, on open account,'provisions concerning, powers of justice holding-...762 91t 825, 826, 97, 9~ as a criminal court, for trial of what removal of, to Supreme Court of United offenses.. - - -. ------- 763 91 States, method of-.....846-849, 99, 1O6 any justice may hold-......763 9A deposit for costs to be made at commence- of patent, trade-mark, and copyright ment of.....917 167 cases...........................764 91 may be instituted without prepayment of of bankruptcy cases -..........-....765 91 costs, when -.................914 1 of applications for divorce - -.766 9 by poor persons, how prosecuted without original jurisdiction, limited to District, deposit-.....918 167 except, &c - -....767 91 by committee' or guardian of lunatic or where parties reside out of District, prominor appointed out of District.951 112 ceedings in certain cases-.......768 91 196 INDEX. Page. Page. Supreme Court-Continued. Stpreme Court-Continued. amount required for, in action of debt or mutual debts may be set-off, how......810 96 damage........................769 91 plea of set-off, form of... -.-.-... 811 96 court to make its own rules and regula- judgment to be for the balance......812 096 tions...........................770 92 mutual judgments may be set-off --—.-813 96 administration of oaths to officers of the court may award execution for balance,'United States -.......771 92 813 96 jurisdiction, appellate, replevin, form of declaration in......814, 96, 97 at general term from special terms....772 92 affidavit of plaintiff at time of filing of appeals from police court.......... —-- 773 92 815 97 of appeals from justices of the peace, undertaking, with surety, of plaintiff.8S16 97 774-779, 92, 93 where officer's return is that possession of at general terms, from decisions of Com- goods could not be obtained...-.817 97 missioner of Patents............780 93 where goods taken but defendant not process9 mesne, found.-...........818 97 teste may be in name of any justice - -.781 93 proceedings where plaintiff fails to apattachment and garnishment, writs of, how pear...........................819 97 issued. -...........782 93 where defendant appears, how may affidavit of plaintiff, what to state.. 782 93 plead.....-...820 97 plaintiff to file what security........783 983 damages where goods eloigned by defendtraverse of plaintiff's affidavit. —-.783 93 ant.-................81 97 court to quash writ, when..-.........-783 93 where issue found for defendant, what release of attached property on bond..784 93 judgment —...................- 822 97 sale of attached property, when........785 93 where issue found for plaintiff, whatjudgfinal judgment, when decision against do- ment........................... 823 97 fendant. - - -- 786 93 judgment for value of goods as found, publication may be substituted for per- how may be discharged......824 97 sonal service, when.............787 93 suits upon open account, judgment by deorder for substitution, when to issue.788 93 fault, when.....................'825 97 order for publication, form of. —--— 789, 93,94 plaintiffs affidavit, how verified ----—.826 9S against foreign corporation doing business where money payable by two or more perin District, how served -.........790 94 sonsjointly..................-.827 9S in action of debt or contract, no person to where recovery less than amount of which be held to bail. —.... —- - 791 94 court has jurisdiction -. —--—.- 828 9~ process, final, interest on judgments in actions founded 9S where publication substituted for personal on contracts ----—. —-—. ----—.829 9~ service, sales under, to be valid. -792 94 delay of judgment by injunction, damages sales under decree in equity, validity of for. —.. —-.. —---—... —----— 830 9S title -.. —----.....793 94 damages to be included in certain judgcapias ad satisfaciendum, when and how ments, when.................... 831 9~ may be issued....... 794 94 when damages may not be paid -......832 9~ trial of person arrested under capias ad change of name, petition for —... —. —— 833 9S satisfaciendum. —..............795 94 notice of petition to be published.... 834 9S no female to be imprisoned on civil pro- court may make change, when.......-835 9S 0cess........................796 94 practice, criminal, non-resident not to be imprisoned for indictments to run in name of United debt contracted out of District..796 94 States.......83 6 9S8 what property exempt from distraint, at- fines, penalties, and forfeitures accruing tachment, &c.....-.797, 94,9 5 under laws of Maryland, how recovconveyance of exempted articles, restric- ered......................837 99 tion upon......................798 95 moiety of, to informers..............837 99 exemption not to interfere with foreclo- powers of marshal to collect.......837 99 sure of certain mortgages, &c....799 95 peremptory challenge to jurors, right of practice, civil, defendant in criminal trials to have, non-enumerated motions, how first heard 838 99 and determined.................800 95 witnesses for defendant in criminal trials, suits in equity not triable by jury, how how allowed and paid...........839 99 heard..........................800 95 additional oath to grand jury as to duelmay be first heard at a general term, ing............................840 99 when..........................800 95 special charge to grand jury respecting inissues of fact triable before a single jus- terferenee with exercise of elective ticee....801 95 franchise......... —841 99 issues of law, how tried...............802 95 libel, truth may be given in justification exceptions, how may be taken.........803 95 of............. 842 99 motions for new trial, when may be made, fugitives from justice, extradition of..843 99 804,958,96 remission of forfeitures of recognizances, appeal to general term from decision on, 844 99 805 96 writ of error, where judgment of death or what motions, &c., shall be first heard at confinement in penitentiary.....845 99 general term......-.............806 96 removal of causes, trial by jury not interfered with by com- to Supreme Court of the United States upon mencement of new term........807 96 writ of error or appeal...... —846, 99, 100 enforcement of liens, proceedings, how where matter of value $1,000 or upward, brought........................808 96 847 106 judgment to be for recovery of demand, where matter of value less than'$1,000, 847 110 808 96 appeal or writ of error to operate as a sufictions in pleadings abolished.....809 96 persedeas, when-..............849 100 INDEX. 197 Page. Page. Sulreme Court —Continued.a Supreme Court-Continued. supersedeas only upon injunction or pro- appeal to, from police court in gift-enterceedings in error to Supreme Court prise cases 1178 136 of the United States-. 850 199 judgment of, final-. 1178 1 36 maniscellaneos provisions, Supreme Court of the United States, court may appoint trustees for religious so- removal of causes to, provisions concerncieties,when-.... 454, 53 8, 54 ing.....................846, 850,99, 1 9 to issue writ of quo warrdnto against insti- Sureties of the Peace, tutions of learning, when........532 64 President may grant remissions for forfeitrule of, upon awards of committees of refer- ures of -......................844 99 ence of boards of trade-..........614 73 Surgeons of Police, may appoint appraisers to value land taken number and appointment of -...349 41 by railroad companies.-6 —--..654 7 duties and compensation of -.......349 41A may enforce payment of award by exe- Survey, 4c., cution —......................- 657 79 of highways, (see Highways)...-2.46-254, 2~,29 review of award...658 79 Surveyor, may direct money paid into court, &c., record of plats of property, &c., to be kept 661 79 in office of 472 57 to appoint attorney to appear for un- certified transcripts to be evidence..473 57. known parties in interest -...-..662 79 oath of office of —.-..-...........474 5 may amend informalities, appoint new plats of scuares in Washington, how commissioners, &c ------—. —-- 662 79 made —.17......475 5 may appoint commissioners to fix rates, &c., method of description prescribed. —.476 57 for carrying the mail on certain rail- subdivision of squares or lots by proprieroads-.......666 so tor -------------. —. —-----— 477 57 appeals to, from justices of the peace in examination of such subdivision by surcases of detainer, how tried...-..688 52 veyor - -478 57 all petitions for divorce to be made to -.. 731 7 certificate andrecord by surveyor -...478 57 to direct notice by publication to non-resi- reference to such platsin descriptions.479 57 dent defendant in divorce case, ways, alleys, and passages to remain pubwhen................3 ~ ~ lie. ——.. —---------. —. ----— 40 57 to hear and determine divorce causes, measurement of fronts of squares and apwhen...........................-736 57 portionment of lots —..........481, 57, 9,5 may grant alimony and retain dower to di- where walls encroach on adjoining lots-.482 5; vorced wife..................... — 745 ~5 when walls deemed party walls........483 55 may grant alimony to wife pending petition record of occupation of land by party for divorce -......746 ~ wall-............484 55 to direct as to guardianship and mainte- examination and alignment of foundation nance of children of divorced pa- walls.......................... 485 5~ rents...........................747 ~ surveyor's certificate of, to be evidence, may restore to divorced wife her previous 485 5; name...........................748 ~S fees of surveyor, by whom paid-....486 5 may deprive wife of alimony, dower, and subdivision of squares or lots belonging to custody of children for adultery after United States- - -.... - - —..487 5 divorce from bed and board.... 749, ~~, ~9 to record plat of burial grounds......596 72 may designate officers or persons to make Swine, lists of jurors, when -..... 8....851 101 one, exempt from seizure, when......797, 94, 95 may issue commissions for taking depositions in criminal cases.-...884, 888 104 for taking depositions of witnesses to T. will..894 105 Table of Feefs, appointment of clerk by....-.- 915 197 clerk of supreme court to post.........899 195 dedrees in special term of, for orphan's court marshal to post.. -.-.-.-..899 195 business, how recorded- -.....930 109 to be posted in office of register of wills. 933 110 has power to appoint guardian to infant penalty for each day's neglect-...934 119 orphan, when...................937 111 Tacit Lien, proceedings in orphans' court business.937- landlord'to have, on chattels of tenant in 978, 111-114 arrear-.678 ~1 power of, to appoint new administrator, how may be enforced-69...............6791, ~2 may be exercised ex-officio or on ap- Talesmen, plication.......................977 11I4 to be summoned when panel exhausted by to establish rules and forms for trials before challenge, &c-..................863 101 justices of the peace.-..........996 117 when may be summoned in capital cases, power of, to remove justice of the peace, 857 101 1031 1120 Taxes, (see Collection of Taxes,) to fix bill of fees and costs of justices of not to be levied on property of the United peace -.....-...1034 120 States. —...... —.........57 6 to enter up judgment against constable discriminating, against non-residents, profailing to pay over moneys collected, hibited.........................57 O 1039 121 for support of paupers, money to be raised right of appeal to, from judgment of police by. —.- ---—..................- 60 6 court-........................1073 124 may be levied in Washington, Georgetown, to appoint a warden of District jail..1081 1124 and county, to pay their respective may remove warden and fill vacancies. 1082 12 debts-.68 7 to make rules for government and protec- school-money raised by, how to be approtion of prisoners in the jail....1090 125 printed........ -.-....115 13 198 INDEX. Page. Page. Taxes —Continued. Term of Office, moneys levied or collected from rhie people of trustees of colored schools - 2. —--—.95 35 as, not to be diverted from legiti- of police commissioners, &e......-....322 39 mate uses.....................-.116 1 3 of officers of police force..............341 41 how to be kept. —-----------. —-- 117 13 of justices of supreme court -.. 750 90 transfer of funds prohibited.- 1.....117 113 of marshal for the District-......910 1106 penalty for violation of provisions...118 13 of justicesof the peace... -.-..994 117 law levying, for payment of interest, to be of judge of police court-.....1042 122 submitted to people, when —. —-123 14 of warden of jail.....................1082 125 for sinking-fund, annual levy of.....-130, 14, 15 of warden of the penitentiary- 11..1103 127 how to be collected.. —-. ——. —--— 131 15 Terms of Police Court, limit to amount of, for general purposes, in when to be held.....-.-..1044 122 any one year..............131, 149, 15, 17 Terms of Supreme Court, limit to amount of, in Washington, for general and special terms of circuit, dismiscellaneous purposes -.......142 16 trict, and criminal courts to be..753 90 property sold by United States, when liable general term, any three justices may hold, to.-143.........................143 16 754 9 restriction of, on property outside of Wash- periods of holding, how regulated - -....755 90 ington and Georgetown -------— 145 16 number of, to be held annually -... 756 90 in Georgetown.. -.-. —-. —-.146 16 rules of court to be adopted at -—...770 9 in Washington. —. ——..............146 16 decrees, &c., appealed from special terms, church and school property exempt from, to be reviewed at. —.. —-.. --. 772 92 147, 16, 17 appeals from Commissioner of Patents to what cemeteries to pay.-..148 17 be heard at. 780 913 forspecial improvements, levy of......-150 t7 non-enumerated motions, &c., may be how to be assessed and collected.....-151 L7 first heard at, when.............800 95 delinquent, collection of- commencement of term, not to affect juryin Washington................153-176, 1 S-20 trial in progress.................807 96 in Georgetown................177-183, 209 2 1 special terms, any one justice may hold, in the county —-. 184-189 211 754 90 water-tax in Washington, how levied and periods of holding, how regulated- -...755 90 collected 199-203 23 assignment of justices'to............756 90 fire-plug tax, levy of..............-205-208 -24 as a district court of the United States, water-tax in Georgetown, how may be when to be holden.............758 90 levied and collected-...-.....209-213 24 as the criminal court, when and how for lighting street-lamps, levy and collec- holden....................759, 763, 90,91 tion of.....................233,234 27 motions and suits to be first heard at, for support of public schools, how assessed 800 95 and collected.-............284, 312, 339, 6 for orphans' court business, how held, for proportional maintenance of metropoli- 930 106 tan police to be levied........ 368 43 Territorial Area, to be specially deposited each week..368 43 of the District, defined..........1 restriction upon appropriation of fund, Test8ator, 368 43 may prohibit sale of infant's real estate, assessment of, on account of new jail, 963 113 1097-1099, 124-126 Teste, arms and equipments of officers, &c., of mi- of writs and process issued out of supreme litia, exempt from.... 1286 148 court.......781 93 Tax-Lien, of process out of police court in certain tenant to have, when..... -.183 21 cases..........................1067 123 Tax-Titles, Testirnofiy, (see Evidence; Witnesses,) validity of.....................165, 181, 19, 26 parties and interested persons competent Teachers, to give.1..........8706 168 for county schools, selection, &c., of..279, who not competent to give........877 103[ 281, 32,33 who not compellable to give.1.........877 6O3 for colored schools in Washington and communications between husband and wife Georgetown, how provided.- 310 36 not disclosable....877 163 Telegraphic A2pparsatus, in case of false pretense, gaming, and duelpolice, ownership, and use of.......436 51 ing, parties required to give....878 163 Tenancy at Will, (see Landlord and Tenant,) not to be used against such parties givcreated only by express contract...680 82 ing. —.. —.. —................878 103 Tenant for Life, may be taken on commission in criminal with limitations over- cases.. -.............881-893, 1604-,105 real estate of, may be sold, when -... 969 113 in proof of wills, may be taken on comnmisapplication for sale of, how made..-.970 sion0... 9........4-896 165 113,9114 Text-Books, who must be parties to sale....971 114 for county schools, how prescribed....279 32 evidence in proceedings to sell, how Thanksgiving Day, taken.........972 114 recommended by the President, declared a proceeds of sale to be deemed real estate, public holiday......993 116 973 114 Title, Tenement-lHouses, to land condemned for school-sites, how police inspection of..................382, 441,45 vested.........287,291 34d complaints against.............383 453 Title-Bond, warrant on complaint.................384 45 for land, how proved and recorded....449 53 arrest of persons in charge, when -....384 45 Titles, Tax, summary hearing of case, proceedings.. 385 45 validity of..........165, 181, 19, 26, 21 INDEX. 199 rage. Page. Timber, Trustees of Public Schools, (see Schools,) cutting down, destroying, &c., on land of authority of, to enforce attendance of chilanother, penalty for............1185 g13 7 dren..... 2732 Ton, of schools for colored children, (see Colored of hay or straw, what shall constitute. 1190 ~38 Schools).......294-320, 34-38 Tools, farming, exempt from seizure, when.797, 94L 95 U. Townships, portion of District outside of Washington Underta7king, (see Bond,) and Georgetown may be divided what, required in cases of attachment or into............................. 66 7 garnishment................... 782 93 creation of officers for, method of......66 7 for discharge of attached property, what officers of, how to be elected.1.........1102 I required-................784 93 Trade-Marks, in action of replevin, what required.. - 816 97 jurisdiction of supreme court in actions on appeal from justices of the peace, what concerning..................... 764 91 to be entered into..... 1028 120 appeal from Commissioner of Patents re- Uniforms, specting, how tried.. 780 93 for police force, how prescribed........365 43 Transcripts, for the militia, how prescribed..1197, 1221, from records in surveyor's office to be evi- 1 9, 142 dence -................473 57 United States, Transfers of Real Estate, (see Conveyance, 4&c.,) the District the seat of Government of.. 1 2 method of description ii, how prescribed, Constitution and laws of, to have what 439 iI1 force and effect within the District, Transportation, 93, 9, 10 of the mails on railroads built under gen- prohibition of liabilities for improvements eral law, regulation of.......... 666 sO on account of...83 S, 9 of passengers and property, provisions con- payment of certain officers by....88 9 corning, (see Railroacl Companies,) property of, not taxable -........ 57, 68 6, 667-670 ~0 valuation of property of, provisions for, Transportation Companies, 138,139 16 may be formed under general law, (see In- to pay portion of expense of fire departcorporation) General).-............553 67 ment.. 190, 191 3 Travelers, obstruction of streets improved wholly or police protection of.................335 40 in part by, regulations concerning, Traverse, 206-230, 26 of plaintiff's affidavit in cases of attach- not liable for District buildings...-.....235 2 ment or garnishment........... 783 93 land made by filling up the canal declared Treasurer of Board of Metropolitan Police, the property of............. 236 27 appointment and duties of............331 $9 past appropriations for filling canal, &c.,.bond and salary of.................. 332, 399 40 not to imply future obligations..237 27 Treasurer of Board of Trustees of Colored re-imbursement of, for part of cost of new Schools, jail.-... -..1097 1 26 appointment of..............297,298 35 expense of executing criminal processes duties of.-.............300-303 35 chargeable to.... 1149 131 bond and salary of............... 302 35 UZnited States Cases, Trsees, fee of clerk of Supreme Court in..922 I[S~ cutting down, girdling, &c., on land of an- in the police court, prosecution of....1069 S23 other, penalty for.............. 1184 137 Unsafe Edifices, removing from cemeteries, penalty for.1187 137 police inspection of.-........... 382 44 Trespass, prosecutions for maintenance of. 383-385 43 injury to trees, fences, works of art, &c., Usage, Commercial, penalty for....................1184. 137 power of notaries public under..-....983 1 15 severing any product from freehold, penal- Usury, ty for......................... 1184 137 interest unlawfully contracted for, to be cutting down or destroying timber or wood, forfeited.-................ 715 S5 penalty for -............. 1185 137 person paying unlawful interest may sue carrying away timber or wood.-..... 1185 137 and recover the whole.. 716 ~5 4igging up or carrying away stone, earth, suits, when to be brought....-716 ~ 3 &c., penalty for. 1185 I137 Utensils, or roots, fruit, or plants-....-.* —-.1185 137 farming, &c., exempt from seizure, when, cutting down, carrying away grass, grain, 797, 9499 &c., penalty for-..............1185 137 Uttering, entering garden, orchard, &c., with intent, forged, counterfeited, or altered coins, pa&c., penalty for.... -........... 1186 1137 pers, &c., punishment for.. 1157 1 33 injury to cemeteries, penalty for...... 1187 137 aiding, abetting, &c., punishment for.1157 133 Trial by Jury, (see Jusy.) Tsials, Criminal, (see Supreme Court; Police V. Court,) Vaccination, what witnesses nay be allowed defend- of children before admission to public ant in.-.................... 839 99 schools.........................274 3 Trust-Deeds, (see Conveyance of Real Estate,) Vagrants, to be valid from date of record only..447, 32 53 board of police to enforce laws regardling, on property exempt from execution, not 335 4O valid without wife's signature...798 95 Valuation, Trustees of Corporations, (see IncoToratio n, of certain real estate of United States to be General.) made.16.... -.....6.....138 D 200 INDEX. Page. Page. Valuation-Continued. TWard-Continued. return cf, to Congress.. — ---- -.- 138 16 estate of, may be delivered to surety of by whom and how made. —-.......139 16 guardian, when.. —-.. —----—.-945 111 of taxable property in Washington and estate of cannot be purchased or owned by Georgetown, rule for. —-.. — -- 140 16 guardian.-......................964 1138 aggregate of private property to be re- Warden of Jail, ported to Congress......141 16 appointment and removal of.........1081 124 Vendors, Licensed, term of office of.....................108'2 125 supervision of, by police..........-404-406 47 salary and bond of..............1083,1084 125 penalty of, for interfering with police..407 IS powers and duties of --..-.....1085 125 Fenire, to receive and deliver persons committed from justice of the peace to constable to by marshal.-......1088 1925 summon jury..................1010 111 may appoint subordinate officers, guards, Venue, &c. ——.. ——. —--—. —--—. —-1089 125 special laws providing for change of, pro- annual report of, to Secretary of the Intehibited. —------------------—.5-4 6 r1091 125 CVerdict, duty of, to execute judgments of death, taken subject to opinion of court, applica- 1092-1096 1125 tion for judgment on, when heard, Warden of Penitentiary, 806 96 -office and salary of, suspended until penispecial application for judgment on, when tentiary built......1103 127 heard-..........................06 96 Warrants, (see Writs; Process,) when, for less amount than jurisdiction of how executed by police force..........395 46 court, what judgment.-........828 9~ marshal's fee for service of.- -.- -..-..911 1107 to state principal amount; and date from returnable to police court, justice of the which interest runs, when -.829 9O peace may issue. ——... —. —-- 999 11tL7 of justice's jury to be delivered publicly, record of, to be kept....... 999 117 1016 119 issued by justices of peace may be served judgment and execution on........1017 119 by constables -------. —------- 1038 1121 Volunteer Conmpanies, (see Militia,) returns of, how made -—.. —.. —--- 1038 121 President may appoint certain officers for, Washington Aqueditct, when. -......1195 139 water-supply from, how regulated.. 195, 229 3 enlistments in, how made............1195 1139 application of water-rents to maintenance to what duties and orders subject-...11.96 139 of -- -. -.-. —.- -................217 25 uniforms for, how prescribed........1197 139 Washington Canal, (see Canal)...........236 27 Volunteers, Washington City, enlistment of criminals as, unlawful. 1179 136 special tax may be levied on property in, penalty for procuring such enlistments, to pay debts of...-.-. 68 7 1179 136 what laws and ordinances of, continued in of officers, &c., of jail aiding in 1...1180 36 force.__..-.......91 9 selling, giving, &c., intoxicating drinks to, what shall continue to be known as....94 10 unlawful —-.- -... —-------— 1181 136 charter of, continued forpenalty for -.....................1181 136 collection of moneys due.. —----—. —95 10 Voters, enforcement of contracts by and against, qualifications of -------------- 98 10 95 10 penalty for interference, &c., with.- 103-105 11 collection of unpaid taxes. —-—. -—.-95 10 for illegal acts by.' 105 11 collection of claims......-..95 10 for refusing or rejecting vote of......106 112 suits by or against, not abated. —- --..95 I10 influencing with money, penalty for.. 107 12 the District of Columbia the successor of. 96 10 accepting bribe, to be disfrianchised....108 12 certain certificates of indebtedness to be Vouchers, used only in paying debt of -...128 14 fictitious, on account of public worki pen- penalty for misapplication --—....129 14l alty for making, &e...2..... 45 3$ property in, not to be taxed for debts, &e., of Georgetown or county-.-..146 116 collection of taxes in, (see Collection of WI.V Taxes)....................153-176, 11 -20 Wages, water-service in, (see Potomac Water; of servants, laborers, &e., attachment and Water-Tax; Fire-Plug Tax).195-221, 22-25 execution for -- -...-.........- 797, 94, 95 regulation of streets, &c., in, (see Streets, no stay of execution on judgments for.1025 120 Avenues, 4-c) ----- -222-231, 25-27 Wagon, colored schools in, (see Colored Schools) one, exempt from seizure, when......-797, 94, 5 294-311, 341-36 Walls of Houses, proportional support of metropolitan police encroaching less than seven inches on ad- by -.._......367,368 43 joining lot, how considered......482 5 mechanics' liens in, to attach to what payment for ground occupied - - -...482 5~ ground —. -. —...............-.704 ~4 covering seven inches or more, to be deemed Washington County, (see County of Washington.) a party-wall..... -...483 5 S Water-Mains, payment for ground in excess of seven water-supply from, how regulated.....195 22 inches. -. -. —-. —..........- 483 S Water-Meters, surveyor to ascertain, certify, and record for manufactories, hotels, &c..-..... 216 25 encroachments, when-........-.484 5 ~ Water-Pipes, foundations, &c., to be examined and unlawful tapping of; penalty for-..218 2 alligned by surveyor, when....-.485 55 how prosecuted -......219'25 Ward, (see Guardian,) malicious injury to, penalty for-.......220 25 guardian of, to give security, when -....938 111 WtWater-Rates, to give additional security, when...-.941 111 scale of, how autborized-... - -.........197 23 INDEX. 201 Page. Page. IFat cr-lRates-Continued. la q t I cescs —Contin u ed. not to be a source of revenue-..198 23 duty of co mmitting-lmag istrates in respect to be a fund for maintenance of water- to......-. 401 47 service.........................198 23 required to attend before committees of ref JVcatlcr-ents, erence of board of trade- 1......616 73 derived from Washington aqucduct, how parties, and persons interested, may be, applied-............217 25 when.. —....-..-....... ——.876 l03 TIa;tcr-Service......................195-221, 22-25 in criminal proceedings defendants not to supply from aqueduct mains or pipes, how be.. —-... —--....-..... —- -—.877 103 regulated...... -.............. 195, 2, 23 need not criminate themselves........877 103 water-rates, how established - 1........197 23 husband not competent or compellable as, Nwaste of water to be prevented -.......214 24 when.-..... —-.-...- -......-.877 1[03 water may be shut off, when..........-214 24 wife not competent or compellable as, use of water for mechanical and manufac- when. --—.-. —----—. --—....877 103 turing purposes, allowed, whei. - 215 24 privileged communications of husband and for private fountains, &c., when-....215 24 wife -............877 103 regulation of supply to manufacturing who are competent, in cases of false preestablishments, &c-....216 25 tense, gaming, and dueling -...878 103 water-rents, bow to be applied.-....217 25 no exclusion of any, on account of color.879 1103 penalties for unlawfnlly tapping, injuring', compensation of.. —-....-. —..-......880 103 &c., water-pipes-.......218-220 25 for defendant in criminal case, what may for making water impure........... 221 25 be allowed.. —-—...... ——.-.-839 99 WJater-Tax, fees and costs of, how paid.........8:39 99 in Washington- residing more than one hundred miles on what property levied............199 23 from Washington, may be examined to be uniform.......................200 23 on commission, when. —-—.....881 l103 how levied and collected.2- - - 3 - -- -. examination by commission, manner installments to bear interest........202 231 of.....................- -- - 882-893, 104, 105 to be a fund to defray expenses, &c,....203 823 to will, examination of absent, by cornrmisin Georgetown- - sion -...........894 105.what and how levied...............-209 24 on coroner's inquest, fees of.....901 1f06 exemptions as to certain corner lots..210 24 penalty of, for false swearing before dismay be paid by general special tax or trict attorney, &c.-...... 905 106 fund —. ——.21 —— 1 —---—. --.11 24 justices of the peace may compel attendapplication of such tax............212 24 ance of-.......................1005 ~11I never to be a source of revenue........-213 24 penalty of, for refusal to obey summons, Wlays, Alleys, &c.,. 1005 11 laid out in subdivisions of squares to be judge of police court may compel attendpublic.....................480 57 ance of —..- -..- -.. —........1050 122 Wecring-A pparel, before police court, fees of............1072 124 what, exempt from seizure.-...-..797, 94, 95 Women, (see Mari-ed WVoman,) Weight, property-rights of................727-730 7 hay and straw to be sold by..........-1190 1M Worrks of Art, Whilfpping, penalty for mutilating &e.. - 1184 1 37 imprisonment to be substituted for.1147 131 Workls, Public, (see Public Works.) Wife, WVood, alimony to, in case of divorce, how al- cutting, or carrying away, from land of lowed. —----------------------— 745 S~ another, penalty for. -.... 1185 137 right of, to separate property, (see M.arried Writ of Error, Toman)-....................727-730 ~7 in certain criminal cases to enable party signature of, necessary to alienation of ex- to take, sentence may be postponed, empt property-..... 798 95 845 99 not competent or compellable to give evi- removal of causes to Supreme Court of dlence against husband in certain United States on........846-850,99, 100 cases......877 103 W[rits, nor compellable to disclose communica- out of supreme court, how tested....781 93 tions made, &ce --—.. ——. —-.-877 103 of attachment or garnishment, how and Wills, when may be issued 782 983 Register of, appointment and powers..929 10~ how qeashed..-....-....783 9,3 fees for probate of.. —........931 109 capias ad satisfaciendum, when may issue, witnesses to, may be examined under coni. 794 94 mission, when-.._........894 105 of replevin, what return of, will insure original, must accompany commission to action for value of the goods.... 817 97 take deposition of witness..- -.895 105 marshal's fees for service of...........911 ff07 Witnesses, original, justices of peace may issue, what, required to attend police bearings.. 391 46 1003 tIS falsely swearing before police officers, pen-. alty for ----------------------— 393 46 Yards, detained for appearance in criminal cases, in cultivation, not to be taken for roads provision for-.. 4..7...........401 7 until, &c........................ 251 29 s ir —-— 14 REVISBED STATUTES OF HE UNITED STATE RELATING TO POST ROADS, PASSED AT TIlE FIRST SESSION OF THE FORTY-THII-RD CONGRESS, 1 T 3 -'7 4. EDITED, PRINTED, AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS, AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. VASHIN GTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.:1 Ed75 e F ORT-Y-TtHIRD CONGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES, AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ON MONDAY, THE FIRST DAY OF DECEMBER, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THREE. AN ACT Revising and embodying all the Laws authorizing Post-Roads, in force on the first day of December, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-three. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following are estab- Post-roads. lished post-roads: [See n. s. U. s., ~ 3694.] The bridges across the Ohio River, at Wheeling, in West Virginia, 31 Aug. 1852, c. and at Bridgeport, in Ohio, abutting on Zane's Island. 111, s. 7,v.1O,p. 112. The bridge constructed at Steubenville, in Ohio, abutting on the Vir- 14 July, 1862, c. ginia shore of said river.. 167, s. 5,v.12, p. 570. Any bridge or bridges across the Ohio River, built by any railroad 14 July, 1862, c. company whose lines are built to the Ohio River above the mouth of the 167,s. 5,v.12. p. 570. Big Sandy River. The bridge across the Ohio River at Cincinnati, in Ohio, and at Coy- 17 Feb., 1865, c. ington, in Kentucky. 39, v. 13, p. 431. The bridge erected by the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company, 17 Feb., 1865, c. and the Jeffersonville Railroad Company, across the Ohio River at the 38, v. 13, p. 431. head of the Falls of the Ohio. A bridge across the Mississippi River at Quincy, Illinois, built by any 25 July, 1866, c. I)erson, company, or corporation having authority from the States of 246, ss. 1,3, v. 14, p. Illinois and Missouri. 244. A bridge built across the Mississippi Iiver by the Chicago, Burling- 25 July, 1866, c. ton and Quincy Railroad Company under authority from the States of 246, ss. 3,4,v.14, pp. Illinois and Iowa. 244,245. A bridge across Lake Champlain at Rouse's Point, connecting the 21 May, 1866, c. Ogdlensburg and Lake Champlain Railroad, in New York, with the Ver- 87, v. 14, p. 51. mont and Canada Railroad, in Vermont. A bridge across the Mississippi River at the town of Hannibal, in 25 July, 1866, c. Missouri, to connect the Hannibal and Saint Joseph Railroad with the 246, ss. 3, 5, v. 14, Pike County and Great Western Railroads of Illinois. pp. 244, 245. A bridge across the Mississippi River between Prairie du Chien, in 25 July, 1866, c. Wisconsin, and North McGregor, in the State of Iowa, built with the 246, ss. 3, 6, v. 14, consent of the legislatures of Wisconsin and Iowa. pp.244,245. A bridge built by the Keokuk and Hamilton Mississippi Bridge Corn- 25 July, 1866, c. pany and the Hancock County Bridge Companv across the Mississippi 246, ss. 3, 7, v. 14, River between Keokuk, Iowa, and Hamilton, in Illinois. 44, 45. A railroad-bridge across the Mississippi River between the city of 25 July, 1866, c. iDnona, in the State of Minnesota, and the opposite bank of said river, 246, s. 8,v.14, p.246 in the State of Wisconsin, built by the Winona and Saint Peter Railroad Company. A bridge across the Mississippi River between Dunleith, in the State 25 July, 1866, c. of Illinois, and Dubuque, in the State of Iowa, built with the consent of 246, ss. 3, 9, v. 14, said States. pp. 244,245. 2 POST-ROADS. 25 July, 1866, c. A bridge built by any company authorized by the legislature of Mis246 ss. 3, 10, v. 14, souri, across the Missouri River, at the City of Kansas. pp. 244,245. 21 Feb., 1868, c. A bridge built by the Southern Minnesota Railroad Company across 10, v. 15, p. 37. the Mississippi River, between the city of La Crosse, in the State of Wisconsin, and a point opposite, in the State of Minnesota. 2 March, 1868, c. All bridges built by the New Orleans, Mobile and Chattanooga Rail15, v. 15, p. 38. road Company across the navigable waters of the United States on the route of said railroad between New Orleans and Mobile. 20 July, 1868, c. A railroad, transit, and wagon bridge across the Missouri River upon 179, s. 4, v. 15, p. 122. or near the military reservation of Fort Leavenworth, built by the Kansas and Missouri Bridge Company. 30 July, 1868, c. A bridge across the Mississippi River opposite the city of Saint Louis, 182, s. 2, v. 15, p. 123. with the approaches thereto, built by the Illinois and Saint Louis Bridge Company. 3 March, 1869, c. A bridge across the East River, between the cities of New York and 139, v. 15, pp. 336, Brooklyn, when completed in accordance with the law of the State of 337. New York. 3 March, 1871, c. A bridge across the Ohio River from the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, to 121, s. 5, v. 16, pp. the city of Newport, Kentucky, built by the Newport and Cincinnati 572, 573. Bridge Company. 19 Feb., 1869, c. A draw-bridge over the Connecticut River, at or near Middletown, in 37, v. 15, p. 272. the State of Connecticut, built by the New Haven, Middletown and Willimantic Railroad Company.,19 Feb., 1869, c. A draw-bridge built over the Connecticut River by the Shore Line 38, v. 15, p. 273. Railway Company. 28 June, 1870, c. A bridge authorized to be constructed by " An act giving the con166, v. 16, p. 168. sent of the United States to the erection of a bridge across the Delaware River between Philadelphia and Camden," approved April sixth, eighteen hundred and seventy. 30 June, 1870, c. Any bridge and its appurtenances constructed across the Niagara 176, v. 16, p. 173. River from Buffalo to Canada. 1 July, 1870, c. A railroad, transit, and wagon bridge across the the Arkansas River 195, s. 3, v. 16, p. at or near the city of Little Rock; in the State of Arkansas, built by the 185. Citizens' Bridge Company. 14 July, 1870, An iron or wooden bridge for railroad purposes, and as a public highRes. 111, v. 16, p. waiy across the Big Wabash River, built by the Evansville and South388. ern Illinois Railroad Company. 3 March, 1871, c. A bridge over the Mississippi Rliver at the city of Louisiana, in the 110, s. 2,v. 16, p.474. State of Missouri, constructed and maintained by the Missouri River Railroad Company. 3 March, 1871, c. A bridge over the Missouri River at or within nine miles of the town 110, ss. 2,6, v. 16, p. of Glasgow, in Missouri, built by the Louisiana and Missouri River 474. IRailroad Company. 5 March, 1872, c. A bridge across the Missouri River at or near Saint Joseph, Missouri, 28, s. 3, v. 17, p. 34. built by the Saint Joseph Bridge Building Company. 1 April, 1872, c. A bridge across the Mississippi River at such l)oint on said river 73, s. 3, v. 17, p. 45. within fifteen miles of the town of Clinton, in the State of Iowva, as mIay accommodate the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy }Railroad with its connections on the west side of said river.* 1 April, 1872, C. A bridge across the Mississippi River, at the city of Muscatine, in 73, s. 6, v. 17, p. 46. the State of Iowa, built by the Muscatine Western Railroad Company or their assigns. 11 May, 1872, c. A bridge over the Missouri River, between Boonville and Franklin, 158, s. 3,v.17,. 100. in Missouri, built by the Boonville Railroad Bridge Comipany. i April, 1872, c. A bridge across the Mississippi River between the counties of Carroll 73, s. 7, v. 16, p. 46. and Whiteside, in the State of Illinois, and the counties of Jackson and Clinton, in the State of Iowa, built either by the Western Union I'tilroad Company or the Sabulah, Aclley, and Dakota Railroad Comp-any. See act of 4th June, 1872, U. S. Statutes at Large, chap. 281, vol. 17, p. 215, for general provision respecting "all bridges hereafter constructed across the Mississippi River under the authority of any act of Congress," IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 3 A bridge across the Mississippi River at any point between the 1 April, 1872, c. county of La Crosse, in the State of Wisconsin, and the county of 73, 8, v. 17, p.46. Houston, in the State of Minnesota, built by the Milwaukee and Saint Paul Railway Company. A bridge across Lake Saint Croix at the city of Hudson, in the State 15 May, 1872, c. of Wisconsin, built by the West Wisconsin Railway Company. 163, s. 1,v. 17, p.118. A bridge across the Mississippi River at the city of Quincy, Illinois, 17 May, 1872, c. built by the Western Illinois Bridge Company. 170, s. 3,v.17, p. 121. A bridge over the Mississippi River at and between the city of War- 17 May, 1872, c. saw, in Illinois, and the city of Alexandria, in Missouri, built by the 170, s. 7,v. 17,p.'121. Warsaw and Alexandria Bridge Company. A bridge acrCss the M3ississippi River at Fort Madison, Iowa, built 25 May, 1872, c. by any person, company, or corporation having authority from the 213, s. 3,v.17, p. 161. States of Iowa and Illinois. A bridge across the Arkansas River at or near the city of Little 31 May, 1872, c. Rock, in Arkansas, built by the Little Rock Bridge Company. 242, s. 3,v.17, p;. 93. A railroad, transit, and wagon bridge across the Missouri River, 4 June, 1872, c. opposite to or in the immediate vicinity of Nebraska City, in the 291,s. 4,v.17,p. 223. State of Nebraska, built by the Nebraska City Bridge Company. A bridge across the Missouri River at Brownville, Nebraska, built 4 June, 1872, c. by the Brownville, Fort Kearney, and Pacific Railroad Company. 292, s. 3,v.17, p. 224. A bridge across the Mississippi River at or near the city of Red 10 June, 1872, c. Wing, in the State of Minnesota, built by any person or persons, corn- 422, s. 3,v.17, p.379. pany, or corporation thereto authorized by the legislatures of Minnesota and Wisconsin respectively. All draw-bridges built by the Mobile and Montgomery Railroad Com- 24 Dec., 1872, c. pany over the Mobile River and other navigable streams tributary to 12, s. 2, v. 17, p. 401. Mobile Bay, in accordance with the acts of the legislature of Alabama incorporating said company. All bridges built under authority of an act entitled "' An act to 17 Dec., 1872, c. authorize the construction of bridges across the Ohio River, and to 4, ss. 1, 6, v. 17, pp. prescribe the dimensions of the same," approved December seven- 398,399. teenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-two. A bridge across the Wabash River authorized to be built by the 3 Mar., 1871, Res. Chicago and Illinois Southern Railroad Company. 48, v. 16, p. 599. A draw-brldge across the Saint Louis River between Rice's Point, in 27 Feb., 1873, c. the State of Minnesota, and Connor's Point, in the State of Wisconsin, 207,. 5,v.17, p. 478. authorized to be built by the Northern Pacific Railroad Company. A bridge across the Mississippi lRiver at St. Louis, Missouri, author- 3 March, 1873, c. ized to be built by the St. Clair and Carondelet Bridge Company. 302, s. 5,v.17, p. 617. A draw-bridge across the Genesee River in Monroe County, in the 3 March, 1873, c. State of New York, when completed by the Lake Ontario Shore Rail- 286, v. 17, p. 610. road Company of said State, in accordance with the provisions of an act of the legislature of said State passed March seventeenth, eighteen hlundred and seventy-one. A bridge across the Missouri River at or near the city of Lexington, 3 March, 1873, c. in the State of Missouri, when built by any person or corporation au- 325, s. 3,v.17, p. 628. thorized by the laws of said State, and having the consent of the Burlington and Southwestern and the Lexington Lake and Gulf Railroad Companies. A bridge over the Ouchita River at or near Arkadelphia, in the State 3 March, 1873, c. of Arkansas, authorized to be constructed by the Little Rock, Pine Bluff 329, s. 3, V. 17, j. and Arkadelphia Southwestern Railroad Company. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. Alabama. From Abbeville to Clopton. 3 August, 1854, c. 230, v. o10. pp. 444From Abbeville, by Clopton, to Barnes's Cross-Roads. 450. From Abbeville, by Flag Pond, to Big Creelk. 3 March, 1855, c. From Abbeville, by Martinsville, and Smithville, to Columbia. 211, v. 10, p. 707. From Aberfoil, by Edgefield, and Tarrionville, to Troy.> 18 Au 1 From Allsboro', to Iuka, in Mississippi. 123. 4 POST-ROADS. 3 March, 1857, c. From Andalusia, by William Davis's, Helton's Cross-Roads, and 109, v. 11, pp. 232, John Carey's, to William F. Seglar's. 233.14 June, From Andalusia to Euchawocha. 16Q, v. 11 pp. 337, From Andalusia, to Milton, in Florida. 338. From Andalusia, to Uchee Anna, in Florida. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Andalusia to Williams' Mill. 57, v. pp 151, From Ashland, by Ilillabee, lMillersville, and Bradford to Rockford. 18 July, 1866,c. From Ashville, by Branchville, Cedar Grove, Bridgeton, Highland, 202, v. 14, p. 190. and Woodsboro' to Montevallo. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Ashville, by Broken Arrow, Cropwell, and Kelly's Creek, to 35, v. 15, p. 45. 3553 March, 1869, C. Harpersville. 131, v. 15, p. 327. From Ashville to Levi C. Blair's. 10 April, 1869, c. From Ashville, by Chesallyric, to Blountsville. 30, v. 16, p. 48. From Ashvile, to Blountsville, by Chepultepec. 22,v 16,p.69.7 C From Ashville, by Greensport and Polksville, to Alexandria. 14 July, 1870, c. From Ashville to Hollman's Station. ~73, v. 16, pp. 279, From Ashville, by Mount Niles, and Taylor, to Village Springs. ~280. 71 From Ashville to Mumford. 201, 8. 16,. 460. From Athens, by Good Springs, and Gilbertsboro', to Mount Roszell. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Athens, by White Sulphur Springs, Bridgeport Gilbertsboro', 6, v. 17, p. 25. Bethel, in Tennessee, and Prospect to Elkton. 14 May, 1872,. From Aurora to Village Springs. 159, v. 17, pp. 100 F 101. From Barryton, by Nicholson's Store, and Alacksville, in Mississippi, 10 June, 1872, o. to Quitman. 427, v. 17, p. 382. From Basham's Gap, by Jones Chapel, and Crooked Creek, to Arka3 March, 1873, c. delphi 255, v. 17, pp. 586, 587.' From Battle's Wharf to Hanby's Mill. From Bayou Labahe to Grand Bay. From Beaverton to Orin Davis'. From Bellefonte to Rawlingsville. From Bennettsville, by Atwood, Coxville, Fisher's Gap, Duck Spring, and Hendricksville, to Van Buren. From Benton, by Pleasant Hill, and Bragg's, to Mount Willing. From Benton, by Pleasant Hill, Cantonville, and Richmond, to Camden. From Bexar to Pikeville. From Big Pond, by Mad Creek and Olinda, to Columbus, in Mississippi. From Blake's Ferry, by Fox Creek, to East Mill. From Blountsville, by Murphree's Valley, Brooksville, Walnut Grove, and Crawford's Cove, to Bennettsville. From Blue Pond, by Cedar Bluff; Gaylesville, Straight Neck, Missionary Station, in Georgia, and Coosa, to Rome. From Blue Pond, by Leesburgh, King's Hill, Turkeytown, and Gadsden, to Ashville. From Bolivar, by Valley Head, to Alpine, in Georgia. From Bolivar, by Birmingham, and Craw Creel, to Winchester. From Brickville, by Leighton, to La Grange. From Bridgeville, to Macon, in Mississippi. From Bruceville to Union Springs. From Buena Vista to Bell's Landing.:From Bullock to Rutledge. From Burleson to Barnesville. From Burleson, by Fremorrt, to Smithville, in Mississippi. From Burleson to Detroit. From Burnt Corn by Andalusia, Elba, Indigo Head, Hawkridge, Westville, Daleville, Newton, and Abbeville, to Fort Gaines, in Georgia. From Burnt Corn, by Belleville, Sparta, and Brooklyn, to Andalusia. From Burnt Corn, by Monroeville, Claiborne, Gosport, SuggsvTille, and Jaekson's, to Saint Stephen's. From Burnt Corn, by Turnbull, Buena Vista, and Newton Academy, to Camden. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 5 Prom Butler Springs, by Pine Apple, and Allentown, to Camden. From iutler, by Pushmataha, and Why Not, to Meridian. From Cahaba, by Cambridge, Rehoboth, Prairie Bluff, and Canion, to Camden. From Cahaba, by Orville, Fulton, Liberty Hill, and Uniontown, to Macon. From. Cahaba, by Portland, Moseley's Grove, Elm Bluff, Richmond, Carlowsville, Snow Hill, and Monterey, to Butler Springs. From Collier's Store, by Howard's Level, to Busleyville. From Camden, by Black's Bluff, Bell's Landing, Claiborne, Mount Pleasant, Fort Montpelier, and Tensaw, to Stockton. From Camden, by Clifton, Hampden, Shiloh, Dixon's Mills, and Sweet Water, to Nanafalia. From Carrollton to Bridgeville. From Cedar Bluff, by Gaylesville, Ringgold, Cobb's Mills, Alpine, Teloga Springs, and Duck Creek, to La Fayette. From Cedar Bluff, by Gaylesville, Cedar Springs, Chattoogaville, in Georgia, and Melville, to Somerville. From Centre, to Cave Spring, in Georgia. From Centreville, to Carrollton, in Mississippi. From Centreville, by Six Mile, to Oakville. From Centreville, by Tionus, to Brierfield. From Chambers, by Fredonia, to Vernon, in Georgia. From Chambers, by Milltown, and Louina, to Weedowee. From Chepultepec to Springville. From Chester to Democrat. From Chickasaw to Buzzard's Roost. From Chickasaw, by Eastport, in Mississippi, and Yellow Creek, to Jacinto. From China Grove, by Mount Hillard, to Bruceville. From Chulafinnee, by Blue Ridge, and Flat Rock, to Bowden. From Chulafinnee to Caimbardville. From Chunenuggee, by Fort Browder, Battsville, and Cowilkee, to Eufaula. From Clark's Mills to Bostick's Mills. From Clayton, by Louisville, Justice's Store, Rocky Head, Haw-Ridge, and Indigo Head, to Elba. From Clayton to Troy. From Clinton, by Hopewell, Warsaw, Cooksville, in Mississippi, Mashulaville, and Buck Horn, to Louisville. From Coffeeville, by Bladon Springs, Old Washington, Pleasant Valley, Saint Stephen's, New Wakefield, and Mount Vernon, to Citronelle. From Cowle's Station to Tallassee. From Columbia, to Fort Gaines, in Georgia. From Columbiana, by residences of James M. Walhn, Henry Webster, and E. Cook, to Crosswell. From Columbus, in Georgia, by Girard, Crawford, and Society Hill, to Tuskegee. From Columbus, in Georgia, by Girard, Dover, and Salem, to Opelika. From Columbus, in Georgia, by Girard, Lamington, Sand Fort, Uchee, Hernando, and Enon, to Chunenuggee. From Columbus, in Georgia, by Peru, Vilula, and Glennville, to Eufaula. From Columbus, in Georgia, by TWaccoochee, Mechaniesville, Berlin, and Osanippa, to West Point. From Courtland, by Mountain Home, Moulton, Camp Spring, Kinlock, Thornhill, Eldridge, I)ublin, Sheffield, New Lexington, North River, and Northport, to Tuscaloosa. From Crawford, by Girard, to Columbus, in Georgia. From Crawford, by Waughtula, to Society Hill. 6 POST-ROADS. From Cross Plains, by Collinsville, Gidleys, Thompsonrille, and Huff's Gap, to Brock's. From Crossville, by Grove Oak, Newville, and Park's Store, to Scottsboro'. From Crossville, by Big Wills Creek, and Rodentown, to Atalla.;From Cusseta to Chambers' Court-House. From Cusseta, by Oak Bowery, Waverly, Fort Henderson, and Souchahatchee, to Notasulga. From Dadeville to Goldville. From Dadeville, by Howell's Store, to Wetumpla. From Dadeville, by Montreal, Mount Zion, Fish Pond, Bulger's Mills, Kowaliga, Guthries, Cotton Store, Sand Tuck, and Howell's Store, to Wetumpka. From Dadeville, by Pinckneyville, and Sylacauga, to Childersburg. From Dadeville, by Stowe's Ferry, Youngsville, Adam's Store, Soccopatoy, and Nixburgh, to Rockford. From Daleville, by Bridgeville, to Andalusia. IFrom Daleville, by Montreal, Island H`me, Fish-Pond, and Bulger's Miills, to Nixburgh. From Daleville, by Newton, Saw Mill, Cureton's Bridge, Abbeville, Hilliardsville, and Franklin, to;Fort Gaines, in Georgia. From Demopolis to Eutaw. From Demopolis, by Falkland, and Burton's Hill, to Haysville. From Demopolis, by Spring Hill, Linden, Nanafalia, Pineville, and Morvin, to Coffeeville. From Decatur, by Dry Creek, Courtland, and Leighton, to Tuscumbia. From Decatur, by Mooresville, to Athens. From Decatur, by Ivy Bluff, Danville, Basham's Gap, Houston, and Clear-Creek Falls, to Jasper. From lDudleyville, by Horse-Shoe Bend, to Goldville. From'East Mill, by Delta, to Oxford. From Edwardsville, by Bell's Mills, Arbacoochee, Slate Hill, and Wild Wood, to Weedowee. From Edwardsville to Chulafinnee. From Elba, by Greenland, Cook's Store, and Millville, to Greenville. ~From Elba, by Indigo Head, Rocky Head, and Louisville, to Clayton.:From Elba., by Jones', Hilton's Cross-Roads, Barnestown, Williams' Mill, and Clary's, to Wardesville, in Florida. From Elba, by Old Town, to Almaranti, in Florida. From Elyton, by Fire Mill, Abner Wood's, Raben's Cross-Roads, and Sanders' Ferry, to Jasper. From Eufaula, by Fort Browden, Spring Hill, and Enon, to Tuskegee. From Eufaula,, by King's, Lawrenceville, Abbeville, Mill Grove, Columbia, Open Pond, Millwood, in Florida, and Greenwood, to Mariana. From Eufaula, by Otho, to Franklin. From Eufaula, to Skipperville, by Bushi's Cross-Roads, Golden Valley, and Blue Springs. From Eufaula, by White PoQnd, Clopton, and Skipperville, to Ozark. From Eutaw, by Forkland, to Demopolis. From Evergreen to Cokerville. From Fayette, by Beaver Dale, Asbury, Millport, Providence, Yorkville, and Spring Grove, to Pickensville. From Fayette Court-House, by Big Pond, Mud Creek, and Olinda, to Columbu's, in Mississippi. From Fayette, by Big Pond, and Yellow Creek, to Military Springs. From Fayette, by Dublin, and New River, to Holly Grove. From Fayette Court-House, by Hide, Pierce's Store, Fairview, Waldrop, and Jordany, to Elyton. From Fayette, by Middleton's, and Hawkins, to Mioscow. From Fayette, by Pilgrim's Rest, Newtonville, McConnell's, Haclemen's Cross-Roads, and Palmetto, to Refornm. From Fertilis to Athens. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 7 From Florence, by Rice's Store, to Waynesboro', in Tennessee, From Florence, by Saint's Store, to WVaynesboro', in Tennessee. From ]Franklin to Geneva. From Fredonia, by Hickory Flat, to Roanoke. From ZFredonia to Tew Site. From Fulton to Bexar. From Gadsen, by Fairview, Lookout Mountain, andl Hendvixville, to 3Bellefonte. From Gadsen, by Hake's Bluf; and Ball Flag, to Goshen. From Gadsen, by Hake's Bluff, HIogans, New Bethel, D. Draper7s, Cross Plains, Narrow Valley, and Palestine, to Esom Hill, in Georgia. From Gainesville, by Snmterville, to Livingston. From Gainesville, by Warsaw, to Pickensville. From Garrison Point to Hanlby's Mills. From Gosport, by Suggsville, Grove Hill, Choctaw Corner, Clay Hill, and Shiloh, to Linden. From Geneva, by Cerro Gordo, in Florida, Home Springs, and Ponce de Leon, to Uchee Anna. From Genoa, by Barber's Ferry, to Andalusia. From Glennville, by Jernigan, to Florence, in Georgia. From Girard to Oswichee. From Goldville, by Youngsville, and Lee's Ridge, to Delta. From Gordon, by Sellers, to Campbellton, in Florida. From Goshen, by Mottsville, and Tranquility, to Reevesville. From Greensboro', by Hollow Square, Eutaw, Clinton, Pleasant Ridge, Hope, and Pickensville, to Columbus, in Mississippi. From Greensboro', by VMacon, Demopolis, Belmont,;and B luffport, to Livingston. From Greenville, by the Cross Roads, Guy, Bashdich's Bridge, Goshenhill precinct, and Fish-Trap Bridge, to Troy. From Greenville, by Friendship, Butlerville, Salsoda, Millville, New Providence, Hallsville, and Gainer's Store, to Troy. From Greenville, by Manninghan, Barge's, and Allenton, to Camden. From Greenville, by Millville, Cook's Store, and Greenland, to Elba. From Greenville, by Oaky Streak, to Andalusia. From Greenville, by Talluka, and RPainersville, to Leon. From Greenville, by Talluka, Cook's Store, Rutledge, New Providence, and Hallsville, to Troy. From Greenville, by Starlington, to Sparta. From Greenville, by South Butler, to Oaky Streak. Firom Gunter's Landing, by Claysville, Henryville, Zachary, Dodsonville Park's Store, Bellefonte, Stevenson's, Bolivar, Rocky Spring, and Battle Creek, in Tennessee, to Jasper. From Gunter's Landing, by Fall River, Sand Mountain, Blue Poncd, Cedar Bluff, Gaylesville, Missionary Station, in Georgia, and Coosa, to Rome. From Gunter's Landing, by Meltonville, and Hilliman's Store, to Langston. From Gunter's Landing, by Warrenton, Big Spring, Red Hill, and Brooksville, to Blountsville. From Handy to Jasper. From Harpersville to Elliott's, in Cahaba Valley. From Harpersville, by Kelly's Creek, Coosa Valley, Cropwell, Broken Arrow, and Trout Creek, to Greensport. From Haynesville, by Hickory Grove, Suresville, and Argus, to Troy, From Haynesville, by Sunny Side, and Mount Willing, to Bragg's. From High Shoals to Roanoke.:From High Shoals, by Roanoke, Wief's, Higgins', and Buffalo Wallow, to Chambers'. F'rom Hillians to Collinsville. From Hines Precinct to Tuskegee. From Houston to HEanby. 8 POST-ROADS. From Houston to Hanby's Mills. From Huntsville to Center Hill. From Huntsville, by Flint Itiver, New Market, Branchville, in Tennessee, Salem, and Winchester, to Deckerd. From Huntsville, by Haden's, Berklley, New Hope, Cottonville, and Claysville, to Gunter's Landing. From Huntsville, by Maysville, Trenton, Larkinsville, Redman, Woodville, Liberty, and Sauta, to Bellefonte. From Huntsville by Meridianville, to Fayetteville. From Huntsville, by Shoalford, Athens, Lucky Ilit, Rogersville, Ingram's Cross-Roads, Centre Star, Masonville, Florence, and South Florence, to Tuscumbia. From Huntsville to Whitesburgh. From Indigo Head to Busbeeville. From Jacksonville, by Griffin's Creek, Ladiga, Spring Garden, Pleasant Gap, State Line, in Georgia, and Cave Spring, to Rome. From Jacksonville, by Mount Polk, Cave Creek, Gadsden, Bennettsville, Aurora, Mountain Stand, and Mount High, to Guntersville. From Jacksonville, by Nances Creek, to Cedartown, in Georgia. From Jacksonville, by Narrow Valley, Palestine, Esom Hill, in Georgia, Pumpkin Pile, and Yellow Stone, to Van Wert. From Jacksonville, by New Bethel, Hoke's Bluff; and Ball Flag, to Centre. From Jacksonville, by New Bethel, Reevesville, Ball Play, Long's Ferry, and Matthews, to Blue Pond. From Jacksonville, by Shoal Creek, Fair Play, Kemp's Creek, Wehoga, Corn Grove, Boiling Springs, Oxford, and Loydville, to Jacksonville. From Jacksonville, by White Plains, Corn Grove, Oakfusky, and Rockdale, to Weedowee. From Jacksonville, by White Plains, and Edwardsville, to Kemp's store. From Jasper, by Chilton's Mills, and Mexico, to Springville. From Jasper, by Chilton's Mills, Gap, Sapp's Cxoss-Roads, and Blount's Springs, to Blountsville.:From. Jasper to Elyton. From Jasper, by Holly Grove, and Eldridge, to Pikeville. From Jasper to Jonesboro'. From Jasper to Somerville. From Jasper, by Thornhill, to Russellville. From Jefferson, by Macon, to Brewersville. From Jonesboro', by Carroll, to York. From Jonesboro' to Democrat. From Jonesboro' to Mud Creek. From Jonesboro' to Waldrop's Mill. From Jonesville, by Gunter's Landing, Whitesburgh, Triana, Mooresville, and Monroe, to Decatur. From Kemp's Creek to Bowdon. From La Grange to Brickville. From Lamar to Highshoals. From Larkings Fork to Hunt's Station. From Larkinsville to Gunter's Landing. From the Lauderdale Springs in Mississippi, by Livingston, Demopolis, Spring Hill, Dayton, McKinley, Orrville, and Cahaba, to Selma. From Lebanon, by Strait Creek, Pierceville, Worth, and Langston, to Dodsonville. From Leighton, by Mount Hope, to Kinlock. From Letohatchee, by Hickory Grove, Mount Carmel, Argus, and Helicon, to Olustee. From Letohatchee, by Haynesville, Lowndesboro' Cross-Roads, and Benton, to Selma. From Liberty Hill, by McKEinley, to Dayton. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 9 From the Limekiln, on the Alabama and Tennessee River Railroad, by Campbell's Home, to Mullins. From Linden to Jefferson. From Linden, by Laurel Hill, Shiloh, Clay Hill, Air Mount, and Grove Hill, to Suggsville. From Livingston to Brewersville. From Livingston, by Brewersville, Berlin, and Jefferson, to Linden. From Livingston, by Hobbie, Intercourse, Gaston, Williams's CrossRoads, Mount Sterling, Butler, and Barrytown, to Old Washington. From Livingston, by Jones' Bluff and Roliga, to Eutaw. From Lyonsville, by Nichols', Carlie's, and Gordon's, to Whitesides. From Louina, by Almond, Wesobulga, and Mellon Valley, to Court Hill. From Louina, by Davidson, and Dudleyville, to Dudeville. From Louina, by Wood's Ferry, Wesobulga, and Mullins, to Blakes' Ferry. From Louisville, by Justice's Store, and Rocky Head, to Indigo Head. From Louisville, by the Free Bridge, to Skipperville. From Louisville to Scrogginsville. From Manack, by Lowndsboro', to Hlaynesville. From Marion, by Brush Creek, and Jericho, to Centreville. From Marion, by Burroughs' Ferry, Ford's Mill, and James Griffin's, to Randolph. From Marion, by Radfordsville, Perryville, Chesnut Hill, Calhoun, Milton, Independence, and Kingston, to Prattville. From Marion, by Uniontown, and Dayton, to Linden. From Mexico to Chester. From Millville, by Skain's Store and Rayne's Bridge, to Andalusia. From Mitchell to Oswichee. From Mobile to Bayou Le Batre. From Mobile, by Blakely, to Cottrell, and Donnelly's Mills. From Mobile, to Citronelle. From Mobile, by Clark's Stand, Wrindham's Stand, Old Washington Court-House, Barryton, Mount Sterling, and Gastop, to Livingston. From Mobile to Hollywood. From Mobile, by Hollywood, to Donnelly's Mills. From Mobile to Pascagoula, in Mississippi. From Mobile to Point Clair. From Mobiles.by Saint Stephens, Coffeeville, and Bladon Springs, to Demopolis. From Monroe, by Somerville, Gandy Cove, Stout's, Sapp's Cross-Roads, Blount's Springs, and Warrior River, to Elyton. From Montevallo, by Shelby Springs, Columrbianu, Wilsonville, Har. persville, Kimulga, and Mardisville, to Talladega. From Mlontgomery, by Cotoma, Pine Level, China Grove, and Fryer's Bridge, to Monticello. From Montgomery, by Falkners, Sharpsville, Strata, Argus, and Salsoda, to Rutledge. From Montgomery, by Greenville, and Sparta, to Pensacola, in Florida. From Montgomery, by Manack, Benton, Selma, Hamburgh, and Marion, to Greensboro'. From Montgomery, by Mount Meigs, Cubahatchee, Cross Keys, and Lockland, to Tuskegee. From Montgomery, by Pintlala, Hickory Grove, Sandy Ridge, and Kirkville, to Greenville. From Montgomery to Prattsville. From Montgomery, by Steep Creek, Dead Fall, Butler Springs, Burnt Corn, Stockton, and Blakely, to Mobile. From Montgomery, by Sharpsville, Oakley, Ramer, Strata, Argus, Oak Grove, and Olustee Creek, to Troy. 10 POST-ROADS. From Montgomery, by Washington, Vernon, Autaugaville, and Mulberry, to Barnsville. From Montgomery, by Uphaupee, Natasulga, Loachapoka, Auburn, Opelika, Rough and Ready, and Cusseta, to West Point, in Georgia. From Montgomery, by Washington, Tallawassee, Vernon, Benton, Selma, Cahaba, Bragg's, Elm Bluff, Bridgeport, Prairie Bluff, Clifton, Lower Peach-Tree, Bell's Landing, Claiborne and Gainestown, to Mobile. From Montgomery, by Wetumpka, Webster, Rockford, Hanover, Mount Olive, Sylacauga, Wewokaville, Mardisville, Winterboro', Talladega, Kelly's Springs, Fife, Blue Eye, Alexandria, Jacksonville, Goshen, Coloma Centre, Blue Pond, Van Buren, and Short Creek, to Gunter's Landing. From Monticello, by Pea River, Barnes's Cross-Roads, Woodshop, and Daleville, to Geneva. From Morgan to Columbia. From Morvin, by Choctaw Corner, and Air Mount, to Pine Hill. From Moulton to Houston. From Moulton, by Mount Hope, and Avoca, to Leighton. From Mount Meigs, by Lime Creek, Bruceville, Arbor Viteo, Perote, and Indian Creek, to Mount Andrew. From Mount Pleasant, by Gainestown, to Suggsville. From Mount Jefferson, by Oak Bowery, County Line, Dadesville, and Fish-Pond, to Youngsville. From Nanafalia, by Butler, Pushmataha, Hurricane Creek, in Mississippi, Energy, and Quitman, to Paulding. From Nanafa~lia, by Tomkinsville, Williams's Cross-Roads, Barbour, Roserville, Alamutcha, in Mississippi, and Why Not, to Marion. From Newbern to Cottage Hill. From New Hope to Paint Rock Station. From New Lexington, by Davis Creek, Fayette, and Pikeville, to Toll Gate. From New Market to Elora. From Newton, by Beaver Creek, and Big Creek, to Campbellton, in Florida. From Newton, by William Britt's, and Barker's Mills, to Genoa. From Newton, by High Bluff, to Geneva. From Newton to Woodshop. From Oak Bowery, by Kendall's Cross-Roads, to Dudleyville. From Oakfuskee, by Powder Mills, and Mad Indiank, to Lower Fish Head. From Oak Level, by Pumpkin Pile, in Georgia, to Cedartown, in Georgia. From Oleander to Warrenton. From Opelika, by La Fayette, Milltown, Louina, Weedowee, Rockdale, and Oalkfuskee, to Jacksonville. From Opelika, by Oak Bowery, to Dudleyville. From Oxford, by Arbacoochee, Bowdon, and Cawatton, in Georgia, to Newnan in Georgia. From Oxford, by Chulafinnee, Oakfusky, Arbacoochee, Winston, Eastville, and Laurel Hill, in Georgia, to Carrollton. From Oxford, by Corn Grove, Tallapoosa, Arbacoochee, and Eastville, to Newnan, in Georgia. Froml Ozark, by Haw Ridge, and Elba, to Bullock. From Oxford to Kemp's Creek. From Oxford, by Walker's Store, to Fife. iFrom Perote, to Monticello. From Perote, by Monticello, to Troy. From Portersville to Athens. From Plieville, by Bexas, to Fulton, in Mississippi. From Pikeville, by Moscow, Military Springs, Buttahatchy in Mississippi, and Caledonia, to Columbus. From Pikeville, by Bexas and Toll Gate, to Pilkeville. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 1i From Pinckneyville to Childersburg. From Pine Apple to Cokeville. From Pine Level, by China Grove, Fryer's Bridge, and Monticello, to Pea River. From Pintala to Letohatchee. From Port Gibson, along the south bank of the Tennessee River to Chattanooga, in Tennessee. From Point Smith to Buzzard's Roost. From Point Smith, by Eastport, in Mississippi, to Jacinto. From Prairie Bluff; by Clifton, Pine Hill, Bethel, Lower Peach Tree, Saint Paul, Grove Hill, and Clarksville, to Coffeeville. From Prairie Blufft; by Pine Hill, Bethel, Lower Peach Tree, Saint Paul, Grove Hill, Clarksville, Coffeeville, and Warrior Bridge, to Old Washington Court-House. From Pride's Station to Woodland. From Pushmataha, to Meridian, in Mississippi. From Reform, by Carrollton, to Piclkensville. From Rock Creek to Dickson. From Rockdale, by MIolino, Winston, and Bowdon, in Georgia, to Carrollton. From Rock Mills, by Bacon Level, Hickory Flat, and Wehadkee, to Antioch. From Rock Mills, to Houston, in Georgia. From Rocky Head to Haw Ridge. From Rogersville to Courtland. From Rogersville, to Pulaski, in Tennessee. From Rogersville to Gilbertsboro'. From Rome, in Georgia, by Cave Spring, Pleasant Gap, Spring Garden, Ladiga, Cross Plains, Jacksonville, Greensport, Ashville, Mount Niles, Saint Clair Springs, Truss, and Shady Grove, to Elyton. From Russellville, by Frankfort, and Rock Creek, to Buzzard's Roost. From Russellville, by Blue Lick, Pleasant Site, and Walnnt Peak, in Mississippi, to Cartersville. From Russellville ta Fayette. From Rutledge to Elba. Flrome Saint Stephens to Citronelle. From Saville to Nicholasville. From Scottsboro' to Cottonville. From Scottsboro' to Lebanon. From Scottsboro', to Salem, in Tennessee. From Selma, by Burnsville, Plantersville, and Randolph, to Montevallo. From Selma, by Cahaba, Pleasant Hill, Farmersville, Bragg's and Manningham, to Greenville. From Selma to Sumlmerfield. From Selma, by Woodlawn, and Plantersville, to Maplesville. From Shelby Iron Works to Columbiana. From Skipperville, by Summer Hill, to Newton. From Shoal Ford to Madison Station. From Smith's Station, by Waccoochee, Beulah, Osanippi, and Trammell's Factory, to West Point, in Georgia. From Smith's Station, by Waccoochee Valley, Benlah, MIechanicsville, Osanippa, and Georgia and Alabama Manufacturing Company, to West Point, in Georgia. From Society Hill to Hurtville. From Society Hill, by Odum Creek, to Auburn. From Somerville, by Blue Spring, and Apple Grove, to Oleander. From Somerville, by Cedar Plains, Danville, Oakville, Moulton, Landersville, Mount HEope, and Newburgh, to Russellville. From Somerville to Decatur. From Somerville, by Gandy Cove, Wolf Creek, Stout's, and Warner River, to Elyton. 12 POST-ROADS. From Somerville to Valhermoso Springs. From Sparta, to Milton, in Florida. From Springville to Aurora. From Springville to Blountsville. From Springville, by Taylor's, to Village Springs. From Springville to Violy. From the State Line Station, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, to Bladen Springs. From Stephenson, by Allison Collin's, to Larkin's Fork. From Stephenson, by Valley Head, to Alpine, in Georgia. From Suggsville, by Grove Hill, Choctaw Corner, Clay Hill, Shiloh, and Spencerville, to Linden. From Talladega, by Chinnibee, Bowdon, and Court Hill, to Weedowee. From Talladega, by Conchardee, and Kingsville, to Cropwell. From Talladega, by Florence's Ferry, and Coosa Valley, to Cropwell. From Talladega, by Maria Forge, Coleta, Hatcher's, Hillabee, and Brownsville, to Socopatoy. From Talladega, by Maria Forge, Chandler's Springs, Coleta, Goldville, Hatcher's, Hillabee, Tehopeka, Bluff Springs, IDadeville, and De Soto, to Loachapoka Depot. From Thatcher's Creek to Blount Springs. From Thomas Station to Midway. From Thornhill, to Moscow, by Greene Haley's. From Tomalins to Vernon. From Trenton, by Princeton, and Larkin's Fork, to Salem. From Troy, by Fryer's Bridge, Farriorville, and lEdgefield, to Chunenuggee. From Troy, by Gainer's Store, Coffee Corner, and Greenland, to Andalusia.:From Troy, by Milo, Buzbeeville, Indigo Head, Elba, and Old Town, to Geneva. From Troy, by Monticello, and Louisville, to Clayton. From Troy, by Orion, to Pine Level. From Troy to Ozark. From Troy, by Pea River, Buck Horn, and Louisville, to Clayton. From Troy, by White Water, Rocky Ilead, Haw Ridge and Westville, to Newton. From Troy, by White Water, Scroggin's Mills, and Haw Ridge, to Daleville. From Tuscaloosa, by Carthage, Havana, and Harrison, to Greensboro'. From Tuscaloosa, by Foster's Store, Union, and Clinton, to Gainesville. From Tuscaloosa, by Foster's, Buck Creek, Knoxville, Springfield, and Eutaw, to Clinton. From Tuscaloosa to Hardy Clement's Mills. From Tuscaloosa, by Jones' Hill, Blocker's, and Caudle's Shop, to Centreville. From Tuscaloosa, by Northport, and Moore's Bridge, to Newtonville. From Tuscaloosa, by Northport, Sipsey Turnpike, Gordo, Reform, Antioch, and Carlyle, to Columbus, in Mississippi. From Tuscaloosa, by Oregonia, and York, to Jasper. From Tuscaloosa, by Romulus, Jena, Pleasant Grove, Benevola, Cochran's Mills, and Hope, to Vienna. From Tuscaloosa, by Trion, McMath's, and Jonesboro', to Elyton. From Tuscaloosa, by Six Mile, to the Centreville Depot. From Tnscumbia, by Bluzzard's Roost, Cripple Deer, in Mississippi, Cartersville, Jacinto, Rienzi, and Tripoli, to Ripley. From Tuscumbia, by the Court-House, to Detroit. From Tuscumbia, by Fike's Store, to Frankfort. From Tuscumbia by Newport, to Chickasaw. From Tuscumbia, by Russelville, Toll Gate, Detroit, Splung, in MZis. sissippi, Athens, Aberdeen, and Barton, to Columbus. IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA. 1 3 From Tuscumbia, by Saint's Store, to Newburg. From Tuscumbia to Spring Creek. From Tuskegee to Chehaw. From Tuskegee, by Cotton Valley, Chunenuggee, Ridgely, Union Springs, Aberfoil, Arborvitae, Perote, Indian Creek, Midway, Mount Andrew, Clayton, and Mount Serene, to Eufaula. From Tuskegee, by Cross Keys, Culhatchee, and Mount Meigs, to Montgomery. From Tuskegee, by Honey Cut, to Union Springs. From Tuskegee, by New Potosi, to Society Hill. From Tuskegee, by Warrior Stand, to Enon. From Tuskegee, by Warrior Stand, to iernando. From Union to Clinton. From Uniontown, by McKinley, and Creagh's Mills, to Prairie Bluff. From Van Buren to Asheville. From Van Buren, by Lebanon, Portersville, North Bend, Rawlingsville, Valley Head, Annawaika, Rising Fawn, in Georgia, Trenton, and Salula Farm, to Wauhatchee. From Village Springs, by Violy, Chepultepec, 3Murphree's Valley, and Walnut Grove, to Aurora. From Walnut Hill, by Realtown, to Notasulga. From Warren Station, by Hulsey's Stand, Pinhook, and Democrat, to Jasper. From Warsaw to Augusta. From Waterloo, to Eastport, in Mississippi. From Waverly, by Rome, Walnut Hill, and Melton Mills, to Channlahatchee. From Waverly, by Rome, to Wind Creek. From Wehadkee, by Weedowee, Rockdale, Winston, Eastville, Franklin, in Georgia, and Newnan, to Griffin. From Weedowee, by Haywood, and K. B. Short's, to Franklin, in Georgia. From "Weedowee, by Jordan's, and Arbacoochee, to Bell's Mills. From Weedowee, by Jordan's Store, Arbacoochee, Cane Land, and Corn Grove, to White Plains. From Weedowee, by Lamar, Eastville, Laurel Hill, in Georgia, Lodi, and Rutherford, to Newnan. From Weedowee, by Roanoke, Wehadkee, Milltown, and Fredonia, to Chambers Court-House. From Wesobulga, by John Powell's, and Delta, to Chulafinee. From West Point, in Georgia, by Fredonia, Milltown, and Goldville, to Talladega. From West Point, in Georgia, by Fredonia, Bethlehem, Mount Hickory, and Milltown, to Goldville. From West Point, in Georgia, to Chambers. From Wetumpka, by Buyclksville, Traveller's Rest, Weogufka, Marble Valley, Talladega Springs, and Fayetteville, to Syllacauga. From Wetumpka, by Chan-nahatchee, Wind Creek, Dadeville, and Dudleyville, to Chambers. From Wetumpka, by Chrystal Springs, Chestnut Creek, Wascahatchee,.Mullins, and Myra, to Columbiana. From Wetumpka, by Hartwood, Maplesville, Randolph, Centreville, Scottsville, and Mars, to Trion. From Wetumpka, by Lynchburg, Equality, Nixburgh, Soccopatoy, Bradford, Good Water, Brownsville, Pinkneyville, Goldville, Emuckfaw, Louina, Roanoke, Rock Mills, and State Line, in Georgia, to Franklin. From Wetumpka to Robinson Springs. From Wetnmpka, by Wind Creelk, Dadeville, Dudleyville, Chambers Court-House, and Wickliff, to West Point, in Georgia. From Whitesburgh, by Lacy's Springs, Mount HIill, Oleander, Summit, Bloluntsville, Little Warrior, Village Springs, Mount Pinson, Oregon, Eiyton, Cove, and Woodsboro', to Montevallo. 14 POST-ROADS. From William Will's, to Thomas Baggett's, in Florida. From Winchester, to Linden, by Jersey, Butler, Mount Sterling, and Tompkinsville. From Wood Shop to Newton. From Woodville, by Kennamer, to Zachary. From Yellow Creek, by Quincy, in Mississippi, Okalama, and Red Land, to Serepta. From Youngsville, by Beckettsville, Chapman's Ford, Golldville, Jackson's Camp, Almond, and Wesobulga, to Weedowee. Arkansas. IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Aberdeen, by Clarendon, Watensaw, Lake Bluff, Duvall's 230, 68. 10 463- luff, Des Arc, Augusta, Grand Glaze, Elizabeth, Jacksonport, and Oil 3 March, 1855, c. Trough, to Batesville. 211, v. 10, p. 708. From Aberdeen, by Mound City, to Memphis, in Tennessee. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Amity to Hot Springs. 168l, v. 11,. 123. From Antoine, by Brooktown, Murfreesboro', John Russ's, and Fan3 March, 1857, c. 109, v. 11, p. 235. nington, to Paraclifta. 14 June, 1858, c. From Antoine, by Stewart's Store, and Captain Tate's, on Little 162, v. 11, p. 338. Missouri River, to Camden. 527 Feb. 182. 1 From Antrim, by Okolona, Rome, Beech Creek, and Red Hill, to 18 July, 1866, c. Camden. 202, v. 14, p. 190. From Arkadelphia, by Alpine, Amity, Centreville, and Caddo Cove, 25 July, 1868, c. to Mount Ida. 244,v.15,p. 188. From Arkadelphia, by Rome, Gray's Ferry, Moscow, Mount Morialh, 3 March, 1869, c. 131, v. 15, p. 327. and Rosston to Magnolia. 5 March, 1870, c. From Arkadelphia, by Terre Noir, to Rome. 272, v. 16, p. 69. From Arkansas Post, by La Grew's Springs, and Molina del Rey, to 14 July, 1870, c Crockett's Bluff. 273, v. 16, p. 280. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Athens, to Springfield, in Missouri. 101, v. 16, p. 460. From Augusta, by Alvin McDonald, to Jacksonport. 20 April, 1871, c. From Bartholomew, by Holly Point, to Hawkins' Lapding. 28, c 17, Janp. 17. From Batesville to Ash Flat. 16 Jan., 1872, c. 6, v. 17, p.25. From Batesville, by Black Oak, and Mount Olive, to Pineville. 14 May, 1872, c. From Batesville, by Curia, Barry, and Smithville, to Jackson. 159, v. 17, pp. 1012 From Batesville, by Graham, Wallace Creek, Little Rocky Bayou, 10 June, 1872, c. Richwoods, Sylamon Creek, and Locust Grove, to Wiley's Cove. 427,v.17, p. 382. From Batesville, by Mount Olive, Yellville, Carrollton, and Hunts3 March, 1873, c. ville, to Fayetteville. 255, v. 17, p. 587. From Batesville, by Poke Bayou, Wild Haws, and Franklin, to Pilot, Hill. From Batesville, by Rocky Bayou, and Mount Olive, to North Fork. From Batesville, by Sullivan's Creek, to Evening Shade. From Batesville, by Walnut Grove, and Hazel Grove, to Smitliville. From Batesville, to Yellville, by Rapp's Barren. From Baxter Springs, in Kansas, to Fort Smith, by Maysville. From Benton, by Bland's, and Brazil, to Perryville. From Benton, by Brown's, to Lost Creek. From Benton, by Owensville, Whittington, Aiken's Store, and Harold, to Mount Ida. From Bentonville, by J. M. Hoge's, to Fayetteville. From Bentonville, by Spavinaw, to Maysville. From Big Flat to Pineville. From Boonville to Fort Smith. From Brinkley to Augusta. From Brinkley, by Cypress Ridge, Hickory Ridge, and Dades, to Trenton. From Brinkley to Jacksonport. From Brownstown, by Paraclifta, to Doaksville. From Brownsville, by Major John Hardin's, to Lake Bluff. From Brownsville, by Pigeon Roost, to Des Arc. IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. 15 From Brownsville, by Richwoods, Clear Lake, and Bocage's Mill, to Pine Bluff. From Brownsville to Taylor's Bluff. From Burrowville, to Rolling Prairie, in Missouri. From Calhoun, to Franksville, in Louisiana. From Camden to Arkadelphia. From Camden to Beech Creek. From Camden, by Buena Vista, Seminary, and Sand Hill, to Washington. From Camden, by Buena Vista, Seminary, Liadisdal, Taylor, Calhoun, Millville, and Haynesville, in Louisiana, to Homer. From Camden, by Hamptonl Warren, and Monticello, to Gaines' Landing. From Camden, by Liberty, Caney, Mount Moriah, and Clark's Mills, to Washington. From Camden, by Lisbon and Buffalo, to Eldorado. From court-house of Craighead County, to Pocahontas. From Camden, by Magnolia, to Lewisville. From Camden, by Magnolia, and Homer, to Minden, in Louisiana. From Cambria, to Mercyville, in Missouri. From Camden, by Woodlawn, Lamartine, Leak's Store, and Bear Creek, to Louisville. From Carrollton to Burlington. From Carrollton, by mouth of Butler's Creek, and Prairie, to Curran, in Missouri. From Carrollton, by Dubuque, to Rock Bridge, in Missouri. From Carrollton, to Flat Creek, in Missouri. From Carrollton, by Osage, King's River, Marble, Huntsville, and Fitzworth, to Fayetteville. From Carrollton, by Perryville, to Washbourne's Prairie, in Missouri. From Carrollton, to Rockbridge, in Missouri. From Carrollton, to Springfield, in Missouri. From Carrollton, by Worth, to Rockbridge, in Missouri. From Centre Point to Ultima Thule. From Charleston, by Brunner, Big Creek, and Greenwood, to Sugar Loaf. From Chikalah to Hot Springs. From Clhikalah to Pleasant Valley. From Chickalah, by Pleasant Valley, Shoal's Creek, and Morrison's Bluff, to Roseville. From Clarendon to Surrounded Hill. From Clarksville, by Cobbsville, to Saint Paul. From Clarksville, by Ewbank's Mills, and Whiteley's, to Osage. From Clarksville, by Griffin's, Dover. Glass Village, Clinton, Kinderhook, Wolf Bayou, and Alder Brook, to Batesville. From Clarksville to Mount Ephraim. From Clarksville to Mount Judah. From Clarksville, by Piney, Point Means, Mount Parthenon, and Jasper, to Carrollton. From Clarksville, by Spada, Morrison's Bluff, Calico, and Anderson, to Reveille. From Clinton, by Meadows, Locust Grove, and Big Flats, to Buffalo City. From Clarksville, by Wardville, and Ewbank's Mills, to Saint Paul. From Columbus, by Millwood, and Richlandl, to Rocky Comfort. From Conmey to Quitman. From Cotton Plant to Des Arc. From Cross Roads, by Booneville, Tumlinsonville, Wnaldron, Parks, and Quito, to Panther. From Dallas, by Eagle Gap, to Chicoville. From Dallas, by Kiahmiohia, and Doaklsville, to Clarksville Ferry, in Choctaw Nation. 16 POST-ROADS. From Dallas, by Milton, Ozan, and Nashville, to Washington. From Danville, up Dutch Creek, to Waldron. From Danville, by William Park's, and Milton Galbreath's, to Felix Grundy Gaines'. From Danville, by Parkersburg, Rock Creek, Revilee, Trouble Hill, Booneville, New Market, and Greenwood, to Fort Smith. From Danville, by Rover, and Bluffton, to Milton Galbreath's. From Dardanelle to Fort Smith. From Dardanelle, by Petit-Jean, and Rover, to Mount Ida. From Dardanelle to Waldron. From Darysaw, by Camp Creek, and Cherry Grove, to Lost Creek. From Darysaw, by White Oak, and Powell's Mills, to Elba. From Des Arc Bluff, intersecting military road near Cadron Ferry, by Lewisburg, Lemoine's Ferry, and Dardanelle, to Fort Smith. From Des Arc, by Cotton Plant, to Oakland. From Des Arc, by West Point, to Searcy. From Devall's Bluff to De Witt. From Devall's Bluff to Pine Bluff. From Doaksville, by Armstrong Academy, to Fort Washita. From Dover, by Big Creek, to Forsyth, in Missouri. From Dover, by Borland, to Yellville. From Devall's Bluff, by De Saunk, and West Point, to Kensett. From El Dorado, by Beaver Ruin, Three Greeks, Scottsville in Louisiana, Franksville, Tiger Creek, and Hornet, to Minden, in Louisiana. From El Dorado, by Champagnolle, Wilmington, Gravel Ridge, Lanark, Warren, Montonga, Monticello, and Cut Off, to Bartholomew. From El Dorado, by Hillsboro', and Cherry Ridge, to Farmersville. From E1l Dorado, by Lisbon, and Buffalo, to Camden. From E1l Dorado, by Lisbon, Mount Holly, Village Creek, Calhoun, Magnolia, and Dorcheat, to Lewisville. From Elizabeth, by Coleraine, Santa Fe, Oak Ridge, Lorado, and Walcott, to Gainesville. From Elizabeth, by Jacksonport, Kenvon, Clover Bend, and Powhatan, to Smlithville. From Elizabeth to Walcott. From Eunice to Fulton, by Monticello, and Camden. From Evansville, by Flint, and Tahlequah, to Fort Gibson. From Fair Forest, by Relf's Bluff, Montonga, Monticello, Lacy, Fountain Hill, Hamburg, and Elin, to Bastrop, in Louisiana. From Fair Play, by Clift's Mills, to Owensville. From Fair Play to Hot Springs. From Fayetteville, by Bloomington, to Washburn, in Missouri. From Fayetteville to Boon's Grove. From Fayetteville. by Boon's Grove, to Carrollton. From Fayetteville, by Hilochee, to Maysville. From Fayetteville, by Rhea's Mill, Cincinnati, and Telegraph, to Fort Gibson. From Fayetteville to Vinitia. From Fort Arbuckle to Fort Sill. From Fort Gibson, by Creek Agency, Micco, and Fort Washita, to Fort Arbuckle. From Fort Smith to Albuquerque, in New Mexico. From Fort Smith, by Choctaw Agency, Perrysville, and Boggy Depot, to Fort Washita, in the Cherokee Nation. From Fort Smith, by Choctaw Agency, and Micco, to Fort Washita. From Fort Smith, by Choctaw Agency, to Doaksville. From Fort Smith to Donna Anna, on the Rio Grande. _From Fort Smith, by Jenny Lind, Hodge's Prairie, Black Jack, and Tumlinsonville, to Waldron. From Fort Smith, by James' Fork, Sugar Loaf, Chicoville, and Black Jack, to Tumlinsonville. From Fort Smith, by Kidron, to Fort Gibson. IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. 17 From Fremont, by Lisbon, Varner's, and Atlanta, to Easter's. From Fulton, by Pine Prairie, and Laynesport, to Fort Towson. From Fulton to Rocky Comfort;. From Gainesville, by Drew, to Pocahontas. From Gainesville to Greenville, in Missouri. From Gainesville, by Oak Bluff, Chalk Bluff, and West Prairie, in Missouri, to Bloomfield. From Gainesville, by Sherky's Ferry, Dockworth's Ferry, Fourche, Dumas, and Medical Spring, to Hatcher's, on Eleven Point River. From Galena to Carrollton. From Galley Rock to Hurricane, Stephen Lewis' Old Stand.;From Gatewood to Elm Store. From Grand Glaze, by Intercourse, Pleasant Plains, Cedar Grove, and Piney Woods, to Wolf Bayou. From Grand Glaze to Searcy. From Grand Lake, by Caney Bridge, and Holland Point, to Hamburg. From Grand Lake, by Masonia, to Deerfield, in Louisiana. From Green Mount to Auburn, by Moore's, on Bayou Bartholomew. From Green Mount, by Reltfs Bluff- and Connersville, to Lehi. From Greensboro' to Powhatan. From Hamburg, by Fountain Hill, and Long View, to Warren. From Hamburg to Lake Village. From Hamburg, by Maria Saline Landing on the Washita River, to Eldorado. From Hampton to Chambersville. From Harrisburg to Jacksonport. From Harrison, to Forsythe, in Missouri. From Helena, by La Grange, Beech Grove, Marianna, L'Anguille, and Mount Vernon, to Saint Francis. From Helena, by Longtown, in Mississippi, Peach Creek, and Monthalia, to Sledgeville. From Helena, by North Creek, Tullysville, lRough and Ready, Oakland, Cotton Plant, and Gage's Point, to Augusta. From Helena, by Planter's, Big Creel, Valley Grove, and Lawrenceville, to Clarendon. From Helena, by Saint Francis, and Poinsett Counties, to Gainesville. From Helena, along the Saint Francis Road, to Madison. From Hick's Station to Pine Bluff. From Hillsboro', by Union Springs, Holly Springs, and Union Cross Roads, in Louisiana, to Marion. From Holly Point, by Hlazzard's Store, Newport, Cooper's Store, and D. P. Stevens', to Monticello. From Hot Springs to Caddo. From Hot Springs to Fort Smith, in Arkansas. From Hot Springs, by Howell's, P. P. Pytchlins, Robinson, Suckfata, and Wright's Ferry, on Red River, to Paris, in Texas. From Hot Springs to Mount Ida. From Huntsville, by Berryville, to the mouth of James Fork of White River, in Mirsouri. From Huntsville, by Kingston, and Samuel Whiteley's, to Jasper. From Huntsville, by Ozark, to Waldron. From Huntsville, by Lewis W. Thompson's on War Eagle, Jenning's on White River, and Rolen's Ridge, to Washburne's Prairie. From Huntsville, by Augustus Todd's, and M. D. Felford's, to Washburne's Prairie, in Missouri. From. Hurricane, by James Bruton's, to Dover. From Jacksonport to Morristown. From Jacksonport, by Powhatan, to Pocahontas. From Jackson, by Recd ltiver, to Pilot HEill. From Jacksonport, by Oil Trough, Pleasant Plains, and Pine Grove neighborhood, to Wolf Bayou. Frozn Jcklisonport to Wild lHaws. R s iii --- 2 :18 POST-ROADS. From Jasper, by Forest Home, Borland, and Point Peter, to Lebanon. From Jasper, by Kingston, to Huntsville. From Jonesboro' to Crowley. From Lamartine to Centerville. From Lebanon to Dover. From Lebanon, to Forsyth, in Missouri. From Lehi, by Brushy Woods, to Storer's Gin. From Lewisburg, by Dart, to Perryville. From Lewisburg, by Galley Rock, and Bates' Mill, to I)ardanelle. From Lewisburg, by Howard, and Union City, to Gibbon's Landing. From Lewisburg, by Springfield, to Clinton. From Lewisville, by Calhoun, and Beechland, to Lebanon. From Lewisville, to Minden, in Louisiana. From Liberty to Murfreesboro'. From Little Bay, by Hampton, and Fremont, to El Dorado. From Little Rock to Austin, 1by Purdon's, Bayou Metre, Yates' Mill, and Bellamy's, to Saunders. From Little Rock, by mouth of Cache River, to Oakland. From Little Rock, by Collegeville, Benton, Fair Play, Rockport, Midway, Arkadelphia, Anvil, Antoine, Huddleston, Graves, and Marlbrook, to Washington. From Little Rock, by Gillman's, King's Bridge, Springfield, Glass Village, Dover, Maddin's Mill, Clarksville, Ozark, and Van Buren, to Fort Smith. From Little Rock, by Green Grove, Lewisburg, Galley Creek, Norristown, Russellville, and Scotia, to Pittsburg. From Little Rock, through Hot Spring County, to Stinnetts' Mill, near the line of Pike and Clark, thence by Hill's Mill, and the residence of S. R. Park, thence through the northeast corner of Sevier County to intersect the Fort Towson road, thence through the Choctaw Nation, to Wright's Ferry, on Red River, thence to Paris, in Texas. From Little Rock to Hungary. From Little Rock, by Jericho, and Chenault, to Hot Springs. From Little Rock, by the old military road, Bayou Metre, Settlement, and Samuel Walker's Old Stand, to Searcy. From Little Rock, by Mary, Brownsville, Aberdeen, and other intermediate offices, to Memphis, Tennessee. From Little Rock, by North Point, Maumelle, Perryville, and Petite Jean, to Danville. From Little Rock, by Plum Bayou, Pine Bluff, New Gascony, Richland, Swan Lake, Nicottoo, Cumlnins, South Bend, Arkansas Post, and Red Fork, to Napoleon. From Little Rock, by Perryville, Danville, Parkersburg, Revilee, and Charleston, to Fort Smith. From Little Rock, by Perryville, Danville, Booneville, and Greenwood, to Fort Smith. From Little Rock, by Preston, and Quitman, to Kinderhook. From Little Rock, by Red Oak, Oakland Grove, Stony Point, Searcy, Cold Well, Pleasant Plains, and Rocky Point, to Batesville. From Little Rock, by Sheridan, to Princeton. From Little Rock, by Springfield, to Clinton. From Little Rock, by Washington, to Clarksville, in Texas. From Locksburg to Mineral Springs. From Lockport, by A. H. Henson's, to Monterey. From Locust Grove to Lebanon. From London to Jones'. From Lyman, by Galla Rock, to Danville. From Madison, by Augusta, to Searcy. From Marion, by Deeron's, to Smith's. From Marion, by Oldham, Pecan Point, Osceola, and Canadian, to Blickman's Bend. IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. 19 From Marion, by Walnut Grove, Lyle's Ferry, (and Neeley's Ferry, to Walnut Camp. From Marshall to Dover. From Marshall to Harrison. From Marshall to Rally Hill. From Maysville to Bentonville. From Maysville, to Vinita, in Indian Territory. From Memphis, in Tennessee, by Madison, to Little Rock. From Memphis, in Tennessee, by Wittsburg, to Jacksonport. From Mill Bayou, in Missouri, by Checkasawba, Fleetor's, Big Lake, and Grand Prairie, to Chilleceaux. From Mill Bayou, to Chilleceaux, in Missouri. From Minneola to Boggy Depot. From Monticello to Auburn. From Mount Ida, by Cedar Creekls, to Waldron. From Mount Ida, by Iron Sulphur Springs, and Shipman Reed's, to Bluffton. From Mount Ida, by Maddox Sulphur Springs, and Big Bend, to Panther. Fromn Mount Olive, by Sylamore, Flat Woods, and Richwood's, to Kinderhook. From Murfreesboro' to Adams. From Napoleon to Florence. From Napoleon, by John H. Freeman's, David Weir's and Gary Williams', on Bayou Bartholomew, to Wileyville. From Napoleon, by Island lNo. 66, Laconia, Barney's, Thompson's Landing, in Mississippi, Friar's Point, Helena, Sterling, Wayne, Walnut Bend, Bledsoe's Landing, Bluens, Point Grayson, Ceralva, in Mississippi, and Elm Grove, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Napoleon, by White River, Saint Charles, Casscoe, and Crockett7s Bluff, to Aberdeen. From Norristown, by Dardanelle, and Chickalah, to Danville. Fromul North Fork, by Buffalo City, Yellville, Rolling Prairie, Mount Pleasant, and Crooked Creek, to Carrollton. From North Fork, by Rapp's Barren, to Rockbridge. From Oakland Grove, by Brownsville, to Des Are. From Oakland Grove, by Hickory Plain, to Des Are. From Osceola, by A. F. Snody's, on Maumelle Prairie, B. F. Freeman's, John Pierce's, and Charles Garmon's, to Jacksonport. From Ozark, by Constitution, Cass, Saint Paul, War Eagle, Huntsville, and Robinson's Cross Roads, to Bentonville. From Ozark, by Mount Gilead, Brawley's, Brownsville, Charlestown, and Robert Maffit's, to Cross Roads. From Panther to Caddo Cove. From Panther, by Cove and Mineral Hill, to Ultima Thule. From Paraclifta to Shetucket. From Paraclifta, by Lion's Beard, Ultima Thule, Eagletown, Luckfah-tah, and Wheelock, to Doaksville. From Perryville, by Thomas Holmes' mill, Esquire Tyler's, and Crawford, on South Fourche le Fare Creek, to Buffington, and Cedar Creek. From Perryville to Park's, by Huston's, Smith's, Briggs, and W. J. Parks. From Pilot tHill, by Bennett's River, Bennett's Bayou, and Saint Le(ger, in Missouri, to Rockbridge. From Pine Bluff to Aberdeen. FromI Pine Bluff to Arkansas Post. From Pine Bluff, by Carr's, and Hestor's Bridge, on Hurricane Creek, to Lost Creek. From Pine Bluff by Darysaw, Beech Bluf; and Hurricane Creek, to Princeton. From Pine Bluff, by Fair Forest, Wileyville, Bartholomew, and Gaines' Landing, to Columbia. 2 0 POST-ROADS. From Pine Bluff to Hot Springs. From Pine Bluff, by Lehi, Mount Elba, and Eagle Creek, to Warren. From Pine Bluff, by Monticello, and Hamburg, to Bastrop, in Louisiana. From Pine Bluff, by Mahoney's Ferry, James Hudson's, William H. Wilson's, John B. House's, Brushy Woods, Storer's, and John R. Lightfoot's, to Camden. From Pine Bluff, by Princeton, and Dallasport, to Washington. From Pine Bluff, by White Oak Bluff, to Chambersville. From Pine Bluff to Sheridan. From Pine Bluff, by White Sulphur Springs, White Oak, and Lee's Ferry, to Princeton. From Pittsburg, by Clarksville, Horse Head, Ozark, Pleasant Hill, and Van Buren, to Fort Smith. From Pittsburg to Jacksonport. From Pittsburg, by Roseville, Sub Rosa, Point Prairie, Charleston, and Bloomer, to Fort Smith. From Pocahontas, by Cherokee Bay, to Poplar Bluff, in Mtissouri. lFrom Pocahontas, by James D. Cross', to Doniphan in Missouri. From Pocahontas, by Spring Creek, Jobe, in Missouri, and Webster, to Thomasville. From Port Gibson, by Creek Agency, North Fork, Perryville, and Fort Washita, to Fort Arbuckle, in the Indian Territory. From Powhatan, by James Childress', to Gainesville. From Powhatan, by Cuba, A. Oakes, Major B. Kettet's, and Myatt, to Pilot Hill. From Powhatan, by Hazel Grove, to Batesville. From Princeton to Arkadelphia.. From Princeton, by Fairvievw, to Cachemasso. From Revilee to Charlestown. From Richwood's to Duvall's Bluff. From Richwood's by Turkey Creek and Middleton, to Clinton. From Robinson's Cross Roads, by Enoch Trott's, and Shell's Mill, to Neosho, in Missouri. From Rockport, by De Roche, Point Cedar, and County Line, to Mfurfreesboro'. From Rockport, by A. H. Henson's, to Monterey. From Rockport to Lost Creek. From Rockport, by Tulip, Princeton, Chappeil, Freco, and Luda, to Camden. From Rocky Comfort, by Simpson's Ferry, and Nettee Box, to Cove. From Rocky Comfort, by Wheelock, Doaksville, Goodland, Armstrong, and Academy, to Boggy Depot. From Rome to Beach Creek. From Rondo, to Mooningsfort, in Louisiana. From Russellville to Dover. From Sylamore to Locust Grove. From Saint Charles, by De Witt, to Brownsville. From Saint Francis by Eureka, Mill Ridge, Johnston, Mount Pinson, Elizabeth, Jacksonport, Oil Trough, and Sulphur Rock, to Batesville. From Saint Francis, by Green Plains, Marion, and Mound City, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Saint Francis, by Taylor's Creek, and Oakland, to Clarendon. From Saint Francis, by Wittsburg, Walnut Camp, PFarm Hill, Bolivar, Goldsboro', Newport, and Greensboro', to Gainesville. From Searcy, by Augusta, and Wittsburg, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Searcy, by Cedar Creek, Quitman, and Greary Valley, to Clinton. From Searcy to Clarxksville. From Searcy, to intersect the route from Des Are to Fort Smith, at Cadron Creek. From Searcy to Kinderhoeok. IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 21 From Searcy, by Quitman, to Clinton. From Smithlville, by Canton, to Pilot Hillo. From Smithville, by Evening Shade, and Wild Haws, to Mount Olive. From Smithville, by Salem, and Sapp's Store, to Springfield, in Missouri. From Smitlhville, by Powhatan, Childress, ManseekeFrs Settlement, Greensboro', and Bolivar, to Saint Francis. From Stony Point to Quitman. From Sugar Loaf, by Adam Morris', and Thomas Lewis', to Jack Riddle's, on the overland mail route. From Sylamore, by Table Rock, McClure's Mills, and Buffalo City, to Yellville. From Taylor's Creek to Cherry Valley. From Terre Noir to Stewart's Store. From Ultima Thule, to Boston, in Texas. From Van Buren, by Belmont, The Narrows, and Fancy, to Fayetteville. From Van Buren, by Joseph Brant's and Lee C. Blackamore7s, to Fa.yetteville. From Van Buren, by Natural Dam, Evansville, llermansburg, and Boonsborol, to Fayetteville. From Waldron, by John Jones', to John N. Slosson's, on the Porteau, From Walnut Hills to Courtland, in Texas, by Spring Banks, and Bright Star. From Warren, by Moro, Chamlbersville, Stover, and Red Bird, to Princeton. From Washington, by Albany, to Lamartine, From Washington, by Columbus, Saline, Brownstown, Paraclifta, Rocky Comfort, Mill Creek, in Texas, and Almond Grove, to Clarksville. From Washington to Fulton. From Washington, by Justus' Mills, Center Point, Shetucket, and Gap Springs, to Panther. From Washington, by Mine Creek, and Wilton, to Murfreesboro'. From Washington, by Lewis Nana's, and Lamartine, to Magnolia. From Washington, by Pine Grove, Caddo Gap, Mount Ida, and Waldron, to Fort Smith. From Washington, by Sprilg Hill, and Lewisville, to Walnut Hill. From West Plains, by Spear's Mill, to Gainesville. From West Plains, by Wright's Mill, to Mountain Home. From West Point to the mouth of Little Red River. From Whittington, by Mount -Ida, and Caddo Cove, to Dallas. From Wildham's to North Fork of White River. From Wildham's, by Union, to Bennett's Bayou. From Wilmington, by Carysville, to Marion. From Wilmington, by lillsboro, Spearville, and Scottsville, in Louisiana, to Homer. From Yellville to Bennett's River, by Jones', and Gordon's Ferry, on Big North Fork of White River. From Yellville to Dover, by Borland. From Yellville eastwardly, by William Jones's, at Bennett's RIiver, crossing Big North Fork of White River, to Alvin Gordon's Ferry. From Yellville by Tomahawk, Lebanon? and Wiley's Cove to Clinton. From Yellville, by Worth, to Forsyth, in Missouri. IN THE STATE OF CALIFO{RNIA. Ctalifornia.l Irom AItioCh to Banlta. 3 Aug., 1854-, c.:From Auburn, b>y Englisl:s Bridge, and Grass Valley, to Nevada Git5'. 230, v. 10, pp. 5427From Auburn, by Greenwood, to Georgetoswn. 5144. ~!8 Aug'.1 A 5 c 22 POSYT-EOADS. 3 March, 1857, c. From Aurora to San Carlos. 109, v. 11, p. 238. From Austin, to lone City, in Nevada. 14 June, 1858, c. From Bakersfield to Tehichipa. 339. rom Ballena to Oak Grove. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Banty's, by Greysonville, Crow's Landing, Orestimba, and Hill's 57, v. 12, pp. 152, Ferry, to Dover. 154 Jn, 1862, c From Bear Creek to Yo Semite. 2 June, 1862, c. 95, v. 12, p. 413, From Belmont, by Purcel's Store, Pescadaro, and William's Landing, 14 July, 1862, c. to Santa Cruz. 171, v. 12, pp. 572, From Benicia, by Martinez, Alamo, San Ramon, and Mission San 573. 574 Feb., 1863, c. Jos6, to San Jose. 55, v. 12, p. 6B3. From Benicia, by Suisun, to Grafton. 30 June, 1864, C. From Benicia, by Vacaville, Puta Creek, Enos, Cache Creek, Yolo, 175, v. 13, p. 316. Grafton, and Fremont, to Washington. 04 March, 1865,. 52 From Benicia, by Vallejo, Napa, and Santa Rosa, to Sonoma. 14 March, 1866, c. From Benton, by Bridgeport, and Antelope Valley, to Mammoth 16, v. 14, p. 5. Ledge, in Nevada. 18 July, 1866, c. From Benton, by Columbus, to Wadsworth, in Nevada. 202,v.14,p. 190. From Berendo Station, by Buchanan, to Fresno Flats. 26 July, 1866, c. 267, v. 14, p. 286. From Bidwell's Bar, by Noble's Pass, to Susanville, in Utah Territory. 2 March, 1867, c. From Big Bend, by Rattlesnake, to North Fork of Trinity. 191,. 14, P 551. From Bishop Creek to Round Valley. 30 March, 186,. From Bodie to Aurora. 35, v. 15, p. 45. 25 July, 1868, c. From Butte City to Princeton. 244, v. 15, p. 188. From Carson City, in Nevada, to Aurora. 3 March, 1869, c. From Carson City, in Nevada, to Nevada City, passi ng over the Sierra 1315 Mac15, 1, 2. Nevada, through the Henness Pass, with mail-routes diverging there22, v. 16, pp. 69, 70. from; first, one leaving such route at Jackson's Ranch, near the western 14 July, 1870, c. end of Henness Pass, to Downieville; and the second, leaving at Lake 273, v. 16, p. 280. City, by North San Juan, to Marysville. 101 Fev., 1871, C. From Calistoga, by Great Geysers, to Cloverdale. 461. From Calistoga to Kelsey. 14 Many, 1872, c. From Camp Bidwell, by Goose Lake Valley, to Camp Warner, in Oregon. 159, v. 17, p. 102. From Campo Seco to Mokelumne Hill. 10 June, 1872, c. From Camptonville, by Forbestown, to Peavine. 383. From Camptonville, by Indian Hill, to Brandy City. 3 March, 1873, c. From Cahto to Round Valley. 255, v. 17, P. 587. From Chico to Big Meadows. From Chico to Colusa. From Chico to Dayton. From Chico to Humbug Valley. From Chico, by Stony Creek, and Coast Range, to Name Cult. From Cisco to Meadow Lake. From Cloverdale to Eureka. From Cloverdale, by Felly's Valley, Ukiah, Little Lake Valley, and Sherwood, to Long Valley. From Cloverdale, by the Lsakeport and Cloverdale wagon-road, to;Lakeport. From Cloverdale, by Ukiah Valley, Little Lake Valley, and RBound Valley, to Weaverville. From Cloverdale, by Uncle Saml, Lower Lake, and Lakeport, to Upper Lake. From Columbia to Mariposa. From Columbia to Murphey's. From Coultersville to La Grange. From Colusa, by Antelope Valley, Bear Valley, and Sulphur Springs, to Lakeport. From Colusa, by Bartlett Springs, and Upper Lake, to Ukiah. From Colusa to Bear Valley. From Colusa to Lakeport. From Colusa to Marysville. From Colusa to Newville. IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 23 From Crescent City, by Indian Creek, Happy Camp, and Scott River, to Yreka. From Crescent City, by Jacksonville, in Oregon, to Yreka. From Crescent City, by mouth of Rouge River, to Port Orford. From Crescent City, to Waldo, in Oregon. From Crescent City, by Waldo and Cloverville, to Jacksonville, in Oregon. From Crystal Peak, in Nevada, by Sardine Valley, Sierraville, and Loyalton, to Sumnmit. From Dayton to Butte. From Diamond Springs, by Fiddletown, to West Point. From Diamond Springs, by Newtown and Wisconsin Bar, to Grizzly Flat. From Double Springs, by Angel's Camp, to Murphy's. From Double Springs to Columbia. From Downieville, by Eureka North, and Table Rock, to Gibsonville. From Downieville, via Eureka, and Port Wine, to La Porte. From Downieville, by Sierra Valley, Upper Crossing of Truckee, Big Steamboat, and Spring Meadows, to Washoe Valley. From Drytown to Eldorado. From Drytown, by Fiddletown, to Indian Diggings. From Dutch Flat, Omega, Moore's Flat, and Alleghanytown, to Downieville. From Eldorado, by Miller's Ranch, and Drytown, to Jacksonville. From Elk Grove, by Sheldon, and Cosumne, to Michigan Bar. From Eureka, by Bear River, and 1Mendocino, to Mattole. From Eureka to Uniontown. From Fairfield, by Berryessa Valley, to Clear Lake. From Fairfield, by Nurse's Landing, to Rio Vista, or Brazos del Rio. From Folsom, by 3Fiddletown, to Indian Springs. From Folsom to Lincoln. From Folsom, by Uniontown, to Coloma. From Forks of Salmon, by Farler's, Centreville, Cecilville, Petersburg, and Buel's, to Big Bend. From Foster's Bar, by Foster City, and Moscow, to Minnesota. From Fort Bidwell to Susanville. F'rom Fort Bidwell to Pueblo. From Fort Miller, by Gold Gulch, Coarse Gold Gulch, Roan's Store, and Brown's Ranch, to Mariposa. From Fort Tejon, by San Bernardino, and San Gornonina, to FortYuma. From Fresno, by Centreville, to King's River. From Galt to Jackson. From Genoa, by Eagle, Washoe, Truckee, and Long Valley, to Susan. ville, in Utah Territory. From Georgetown, by Volcanoville, to Michigan Bluffs. From Georgetown, by Work's Ranch, Gaddis Creek, and Slippery Ford, to Carson City. From Gilroy to Hot Springs. From Greenville to Plattsville. From Grindstone to Ingram's. From Grizzley Flat to Georgetown. From Hollister to Picacho. From Happy Camp, to Waldo, in Oregon. From Havilah to Independence. From Havilah, to Mineral Park, in Arizona. From HEavilah, by Rio Bravo Ranch, to Bakerfield. From Healdsburg to Calistoga. From Hollister to San Juan. From Hornitas, by Indian Gulch, Union, Millertown, and King's River, to Visalia. Firom HEydesville, by Gibson's Store, Robinson's Store, Couts' Store, tnd ickalmakie, to Round Valley. 24 POST-lOADS. Fromn Illinoistown, by Grass Val]ey, to Empire tanch. From Independence to Cerro Gordo. From Independence to Deep Springs. From Independence, by Lone Pine, to Los Angeles. From Independence, by Toll-House, Deep Spring Valley, and Slida Valley, to Gold iMountain. From lone City, by Lancha Plana, Poverty Bar, Jenny Lind, Brushville, Salt Spring Valley, Copperopolis, O'Byrne's Ferry, and- Jefferson, to Sonora. From Jackson, by Butte Clinton, Volcano, and Upper Rancheria, to Fiddletown. From Jackson, by Pine Grove, and Fiddletown, to Indian Springs. From Jackson to Volcano. From Jones, by Happy Camp, to Orleans Bar. From Keysville, by Walker's Pass, Little Owen Lake, and Big Owen Lake, to Union Mills. From Knight's Ferry, by La Grange, to Honitas. From Lancha Plana, by Poverty Bar, Jenny Lind, Brushville, Salt Spring Valley, Copperopolis, and Jeffersonville, to Sonora. From Latrobe to lone City. From La Porte, by Quincy, to Shasta. From La Porte, by Quincy, to Snusanville. From Lida alley, by Palmetto, and Fish Lake, to 0olumbus, in Nevad a. From Los Angeles, by Anaheim, San Juan, Capistrano, and Sanl Luis Rey, to San Diego. From Los Angeles to Havilah City. From Los Angeles to La Paz, and thence to the capital of Arizona Territory, and thence to Santa F6. From Los Angeles, by Monte, to San Bernardino. From 0os Angeles to San Diego. From Los Angeles to head of San CGabriel Ca. ion. From Los Angeles, by Tejon Pass, to Woodville. From Lower Lake to Bartlett's Springs. From Mariposa to Visalia. From Marysville, by Charley's Raneh, Hamilton, Chico, Lassen, Tehama, Red Bluff, and Cottonwood, to Shasta. From Marysville, by Dry Creek, Parhks Bar, Oregon House? Foster's Bar, Camlptonville, and Goodyearls Bar, to Downievilte. From Marysville to Folsob0, by Coon Creek. Froml Marysville, by Johnson's Crossing, Coon Creeli and Gold -lill, to Auburn. From Marysville, by Johnson's Ranch, Virginia?, Gold Hill, and Ophirville, to Auburn. Fromn Marysville, b~r Keystone Ranchl, Foster's Bar, Camptonville, and Goodyear's Bar, to Downieville. From Marysville, by Linda, Owsley's Bar, and Kennebec Bar, to Empire Ranch. From Marysville, by aMount Ophir, Bidwell's Bar, and Forbestown, to Gibsonville. From Marysville to Nevada. From Marysville, by North Butte, to Princeton. From Mllarysviile, by North Sant Juan, to Forest City. From Marysville, by Park's Bar, Rough and Ready, and Grass Valley, to Nevada-. From Marysville, by Spanish Fleet, Chandlerville, Saint Louis, and Pine Grove, to Gibsonville. From Mendocino City to Noyo. From Merced, by Snelling's, and Conlterville, too o Semnite. From Milchigan BlutT, by Dutch Flat 3ad Li1ttle York to NJeva'A.h From Millville to Fort Bidw^ell. FBronm IillviIle, bgy Oak BRn, Round Mountain Clavyton's, Mill Bridge, andl Gorge Lake. to Lake Cit'y. IN TE STIPATE OF CALIFORNIA. From lodesta, by Horr's Ranch, and Coulterville, to ~o Semite. From Modesta, by Langworth, to Knight's Ferry. From Molkelumne Hill to Elk Grove. From M okelumne lill, *by Jone Valley, Campo Seco, Winter's Bar, and Lancha Plana, to Jone Valley. From Mokelumne Hill, by MeKinney's, and Humbug, to Murphy's. From Mokelumne Flill, by Rich Gulch, to West Point. From Mokelumne Hill, by West Point, to Genoa. From Monterey, by San Luis Obispo, and San Yuez, to Santa Barbara. From 1\onterey, by Watsonville, to San Fraincisco.!From Moore2s Flat to Graniteville. From Aluckton, by Bridgeport, to Sweet-Water. From Murphy's, by Big Trees, Big Springs, and Silver Valley, to Silver Mountain, and thence by Mount Bullion, Markleeville, C(arey's M3ills, and Fredericksburgh, to Geneva. From Murphy's, by Big Tree Road, to Carson Valley, in Nevada. From Napa City to Clear Lake. From Napa City, by Sonoma, to Santa Rosa. From Napa City, by White Sulphur Springs, Knight's Ranch, and Alexander's Ranch, on Russian r:iver, to Santa Rlosa. From Nelson Point to Quincy. From Nevada, by Alph'a, to Washington. From Nevada to Carson City. From Nevada, by Hoyt's Crossing, on the South Yuba River, Sweetland, Sebastopol, San Juan, and Truman's Crossing, on the Middle Yuba lRiver, to Camptonville, From Nevada, by Owego, and Bear Valley, to Washington. From Nevada, by Robertson's Bridge, and Emory's Crossings, to PDownieville. From Nievada, by Woolsey's Flat, Orleans Flat, Chips Flat, Alleghalny, Forest City, Downieville, Monte Christo, Eureka, and North Poker Flat, to La Porte. From Newville to Elkins. ~From Oak Creek to Independence. From Oakland, by San Lorenzo, Alvarado, and San Jos6d ission, to San Jose. From Oakland to Martinez. From Onion Valley, by WVashington, to Seventy-Six. From Oregon House to Florbestown. From Orleans Bar, by Happy Camp, to Yreka. From Oroville, by Bidwell's Bar, Peaville, Brush Creek, and M3eadow Valley to Quincy. From Oroville to Forbestown. From Oroville, by Gridley, to Princeton. From Oroville, by Humbug Valley, and Taylorsville, to Susanville. Froem Oroville, by La Porte, and Gibsonville, to Quincy. Fron Oroville, byTaylorville, Crescent Mills, and Greenville, to Ro-nd Valley. From Pacheco, by Clayton, Nortonville, and Somersville, to Antioch..From Paso Robles' Springs, by Josephine, to Cambria. From Petaluma, by Santa Iosa, to Russian River. From Petaluma, by Sebastopol, and Fort Ross, to Punta Arenas..From Petaluma, by Smith's Ranch, to Fort Ross, and Big River. From. Petaluma to Tomales. Firom Placerville, by Coloma, to Auburn. From Placerville to Genoa, in Nevada. From Placerville to Georgetown. From Placerville by Greenwood, to Michigan Bluffs. PIrom Placerville, by Logtown, Nashville, and Sar atog, to Drytowxn. Fromn Placerville, by Newtovwn, to Indclian Diggings. From Qtnartzbnrg, by Millertown, C.1ampbell's Ferry, on King's R1iver, and'VXirit a, to \iWoutd vi!'!t. 26 POST-ROADS. From Quincy, by Jamison City, Eureka Mills, Seventy-Six, Red Clover Valley, Mohawk, Little Humbug, and Beckwith's, to Sierra Valley. From Quincy, by Martin's Ranch, Lovejoy's, Eight-mile House, Beckwith's, Hay Stacks, and Peavine Springs, to Virginia City. From Quincy to Richlmond. From Red Bluff, by Lost Camp, and Pine Grove, to Susanville. From Red Bluff, by Nome Lackee, to Coast Range. From Red Bluff, by Payne's Creek, Mill Creek, and Big Meadows, to Susanville. From Red Bluff, by Roaring River, Janesville, Igo, Piety Hill, Hlorsetown, and Middletown, to Shasta. From Red Bluff, by the Upper Sacramento River, Soda Springs, and Shasta Valley, to Yreka. From Red Bluff, by Zelley's Ferry, Battle Creek, Parkville, Millville, and Buckeye, to Shasta. From Redwood City, by Searsville, and La Honda Junction, to Pescadero. From Reno, in Nevada, to Greenville. From Rio Vista, by Maine Prairie, and Binghamton, to Silveyville. From Round Tent, by Lower Crossing of Deer Creek, Point Defiance, French Corral, Sweetland's, Cherokee, and Moore's Flat, to Minnesota. From Sacramento, by Auburn, and Yankee Jim's, to Michigan Bluffs. From Sacramento, by Beal's, Condemned, and Dotan's Bars, to Rattlesnake Bar. From Sacramento, by Carson Valley, in Utah, Box Elder, and Youngsville, to Salt Lake. From Sacramento to Colusa. From Sacramento, by Cosumne, Drytown, Sutler Creek, and Jackson,, to Mokelumne Hill. From Sacramento, by Deer Creekl, Buck Eye Flat, Mud Spring, and Shingle Spring, to Diamond Spring. From Sacramento, by Drytown, Lower Ranch, Amador, and Sutter Creek, to Jackson. From Sacramento, by Elk Grove, Elliott's Ranch, Buckner, and Staple's Ranch, to Stockton. From Sacramento, by Fremont, to Grafton. From Sacramento, by Fremont, to Gra.fton, Colusa, Monroeville, and Moon's Ranch, to Tehama. From Sacramento, by Ione, to Jackson. From Sacramento, by Jones' Valley, Jackson, and Mokelumne Hill, to Sonora. From Sacramento, by Nicholaus, and Eliza, to Marysville. From Sacramento, by Onisbo, and Walnut Grove, to Georgiana Slough. From Sacramento to Ophirville. From Sacramento, by Round Tent, Rough and Ready, Johnson's Ranch, and Grass Valley, to Nevada. From Sacramento, by Salmon Falls, and Louisville, to Georgetown. From Sacramento to Stockton. From Sacramento, by Sutterville, and Runyon's Ranch, to Sharp's Ranch. From Sacramento, by Texas Hill, Mormon Island, Green Valley, Coloma, and Cold Spring, to Placerville. From Sacramento, by Texas Hill, Mormon Island, Salmon Falls, and Greenwood, to Georgetown. From Sacramento, by Union House, Franklin, Richland, and Onisbo, to Walnut Grove. From Sacramento, by Washington, Puta, Vacaville, Suisun, Condolica, Napa City, Sonoma, Santa Rosa, and other intermediate post-offices, to Petaluma. From Sacramento, by Washington, Cashville, Cache Creek, Yolo City, and Calion, to Clear Lake. From S8acramnellto, by Yolo City, to Cachevlle. IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 27 From Santa Barbara to Los Angeles. Froim San Bernardino to Anaheim. From San Bernardino, by Fillmore, to Salt Lake. From San Bernardino, to La Paz, in Arizona Territory. From San Bernardino, by San Gorgonia, Ross, and Conchuillo Valley, to Fort Yuma. From San Bernardino, by Temecula, to San Diego. From San Buenaventura to Hueneme. From San Buenaventura, by Ojai, to Camulas. From San Buenaventura, by Ravena City, and Big Meadows, on the Mohave IRiver, to the sink of such river, and thence to Fort Mohave, on the Colorado River, and Fort Whipple, to Santa Fe, in New Mexico. From Santa Clara to Alviso. From Sanlta Clara, b- Lexington, Summit-House, San Lorenzo, and Felton, to Santa Cruz. From Santa Clara, by Mountain Charley's, or Loquel, to Santa Cruz. From Santa Cruz to Felton. From Santa Cruz to Pescadero. From San Diego, by El Paso, to San Antonio, in Texas. From San Diego, by Pamii, San Pascual, Montserate, Wolf's Store, and San Jacinto, to San Bernardino. From San Diego, Penasquita, Poway, Ballena, Santa Isabel, War.ner's Ranch, and San Jacinto, to San Bernardino. From San Diego, by Santa Isabel, to Buena Vista. From San Diego, by Santa Isabel, to Fort Yuma. From San Diego, by San Luis Rey, San Juan, Capistrano and Anaheim, to Los Angeles. From San Diego, by Spring Valley, Cagin Rancho, Viegos, Guatary, and Stonewall, to Julian. From San Francisco, by Alviso, to San Jose. From San Francisco, by Benicia, to Sacramento. From San Francisco, by Berry, to Tomales. From San Francisco, by Gray's Harbor, in Oregon, and Olympia, to Stielacoom. From. San Francisco to Crescent City, by Trinidad and Humboldt Bay. From San Francisco, by Martinez, Marsh's Landing, and New York, to Stockton. From San Francisco, by Martinez, to Sacramento. From San Francisco, by sea, by Monterey, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and San Pedro, to San Diego. From San Francisco to Petaluma. From San Francisco to San Rafael. From San Francisco, by Steinberger, and Santa Clara, to San Jos6. From San Francisco to Trinity, by Petaluma, and Humboldt. From San Francisco, by sea, by Trinidad, and Crescent City, to Humboldt Bay. From San Francisco, by Vallejo, to Napa. From San Jose, by Gilroy, and San Juan, to Monterey. From San Jos6, by San Jose Mission, Alvarado, Squatterville, and Clinton, to Oakland. From San Jose, by San Jose Mission, San Ramon, and Alamo, to Martinez. From San Jos6, by the mountain road leading into Pager's Valley, to Watsonville. From San Jose to Santa Clara. From San Jose to Santa Cruz.:From San Juan to Castroville. Frorm San Juan to Los Angeles. Fromn San Juanll to New Idria. From San Juanr to Picacho Mines. Fromn San Juan, by Watsonville, to Santa Cruz. 28 POST-ROADS. From San Luis Obispo, by Rosaville, Cayucas, and Moro, to San Simeon. From San Luis Obispo to San Simeon. From San Louis Rey, by Mount Fairview, to Temecula. From San Mateo to Pescadero. From San Pedro, by Los Angeles, Monte, and Reed's Raanch, to San Bernadino. From San Pedro to Wilmington and Los Angeles. From San Rafael, by Nicosio, to Petaluma. From San Rafael, by Olema, and Bolinas, to Petaluma. From Santa Rosa, by Annally's, to Bodego. From Santa Rosa to Sebastopol. From Santa Rosa to Sonoma. From Saucelito, by Bolinas, and Woodville, to Olema. From Sebastopol, by Forbesville, to Guernville. From Shasta, by Lewiston, Weaversville, and Trinity, to Big Bar. From Shasta, by Millville, Phillip's Ranch, Round Mountain, Luttrell's Ranch, Caton's Valley, Birney's Valley, Birney's Falls, Pitt River, Bingettville, Fall River Valley, Big Valley, Davidson's Ranch, Mayfield's Mills, Whiteley's Crossing, Ash Creek, Adin, McDevitt's Mills, Townsend's Ranch, Steel Brothers' Ranch, Hot Springs Valley, Butte Mountain, IDorrisburg, Franklin's Store, Goose Lake, and Fort Bidwell, to Lake City. From Shasta, by Noble's Pass, to Susanville. From Shasta to Yreka. From Sierraville to Downiesville. From Smith's Ranch, by Caffey's Cove, Casper Creek Mills, Noyo Mills, Ten Mile River, Bear Harbor, Shelter Cove, and Upper Mattole, to Lower Mattole. From Somersville to Bantys,. From Snelling, by Hopeton, Alexandria, Dover, Hill's Ferry, and Cottonwood, to San Luis. From Sonoma, by Bodega, and Petaluma, to San Rafael. From Sonora, by Bridgeport, to Aurora, in Nevada. From Sonora, by Carson's Creek, Angel's, Forman's Ranch, San Andreas, and Jones' Valley, to Sacramento. From Sonora, by Jacksonville, Curtisville, Big Oak Flats, Garrote, and Maxwell's Creek, to Mariposa. From Sonora, by Jamestown, Montezuma, Chinese Camp, Crimea House, and Don Pedro's Bar, to Coulterville. From Sonora, by Long Gulch, Blakeley and Somer's Mills, Cherokee Pass, MeKee's Mills, and Carroll's Mills, to Salisbury's Mills. From Sonora to Mariposa. From Sonora, to Monoville, in Utah. From Stockton, by Copperopolis, to Angel's. From Stockton, by Double Springs, Lakey's Store, San Andreas, Kentucky House, Forman's Ranch, Angel's and Vallicita, to Murphy's. From Stockton, by French Camp, Tuolumne City, Hopetown, Welch's Store on Mariposa Creek, and Apling's on the Chowohilla, to Millerton. From Stockton, by Horr's Ranch, Quartzburg, Mount Ophir, and Aqua Fria, to Mariposa. From Stockton, by Knight's Ferry, Green Springs, Montezum a, Wood's Diggings, Columbia, and Shaw's Flat, to Sonora. From Stockton, by Knight's Ferry, Rock River Ranch, La Grange, and Murray Bridge, to Mariposa. From Stockton, by Millerton, Visalia, and Fort Lyon, to San Bernardino. From Stockton to Mokel-umne Hill. From Stockton, by Poverty Bar, Laneha Plana, Campo Seco, lone City, and Cosutmu, to Folsom. From Stockton, by Snelling's Ranch, and Kiilerstown, to Woodville. From Stoekton1, by TIhird Crossixng, Double Springs, and IMokehtnIue Hill. t.o Joeksen. IN THE STATE OF CALIFOltNIA. 29 From Strawberry Valley, by Scales' Diggings, Port Wine, Saint Louis, and Whiskey Diggings, to Gibsonville. From Summit, by Loyalton, and Sardine Valley, to Crystal Peak, in Nevada. From Suisun City, by Gordon Valley, Rag Cannon, tand Berryessa Valley, to Lower Lake. From Suisun City to Nurse's Landing. From Susanville to Boise City, in Idaho Territory. From Susanville, by Pine Creek, Grave Valley, and Fall River, to Burgettville. From Susanville to Rumberg. From Susanville to Taylorsville. From Susanville, by Willow Creek, Eagle Lake, Hayden City, and Aldenvile, to Pine Creek. From Taylorville to Carner Place. From Taylorville to Reno, in Nevada. From Tehama to Farmington. From Tehama, by Paskento, to Newville. From Tehama to Ukiah. From Trinidad, by Orleans Bar, Forks of Salmon River, and Bestville, to Petersville. From Trinidad, by Orleans Bar, and Salmon lRivers, to Yreka. From Trinity Centre, by Iinersville, to Weaverville. From Trinity Centre, by Summerv ille, Cecilville, and Centreville, to the Forks of Salmon River. From Trinity Centre. by Summerville, Petersburg, Cecilville, Centreville, and Black Bear, to Sawyer's Bar. From Truckee, by Sierraville, to Loyalton. lFrom Truckee to Taho. E'rom Tuolumne City, by McSwain's Ferry, Bear Creelk, and Mariposa, to Millerton. From Tuolumne City, by Ward's Landing, and Appling's, to Milletton. From Ukiah, to Booneville. From Ukiah to Mendocino. From Ukiah to Lakeport. From Ukiah to Round Valley. From Union to San lFrancisco. From Union, by Hoopa Valley, to Orleans Bar. From Uniontown, by South Fork, Big Bear, and North Fork of Trinity, to Weaverville. From Uniontown to Trinidad. From Upper Clear Lake to Mendocino. From Upper Lake to Bartlett Springs. From Vacaville, by Vaca, Pleasant Valley, Scoggins, and Buck-Eye, to Woodland. From Virginia City in Nevada, by Crystal Peak, Donner Lake, Summit Valley, and Dutch Flat, to Sacramento. From Virginia R/anch to Linkville. From Visalia, by Buzzard Roost, and Tulare Lake, to San Louis Obispo. From Visalia, by Fort Tejon, to Bakersfield. From Visaslia to San Carlos. From Weaverville, by the mouth of Carson Creek, to Cahion City. From Weaverville, by Douglas, and Hay Fork, to Hydesville. From Weaverville, by Douglas, to Kingsbury's, on Hay Fork. From Weaverville, by Rattle Snake, Grizzly Gulch, and Buelville, to the Forks of Salmon River. From Weaverville to Summerville. lFrom Weaverville to Trinity Centre. IFrom Weaverville to Yreka. From Wellington Station, on West Walker River, by Walker's Lake, Deep Well StatiOln Kentucky Districet, Hot lSpring, Mammoth DiStrict, 30 POST-ROADS. Ione, Saint Augustine and Washington Districts, Canon City, and Middletown, to Austin. From West Point, by Indian Springs, to Grizzly Flat. From Wheatland to Spencerville. From Wilmington to Anaheim. Form Woodland, by Cache Creek, to Buckeye. From Woodland, by Cacheville, to head of Capay Valley. From Woodside, by Summer Springs, and San Gregorio, to Pescadero. From Yankee Jim's, by Elizabethtown, to Iowa Hill. From Yankee Jim's, by Illinoistown, and Red Dog, to Nevada. From Yankee Jim's to Placerville. From Yreka, to Cafionville, in Oregon. From Yreka, by Indiantown, to Scott's Bar. From Yreka, by Scott's Bar, and Happy Camp, to Crescent City. From Yreka, by Scott's Bar, Happy Camp, Orleans Bar, and Tompkin's Ferry, to Trinidad. From Yreka to Little Shasta. From Yreka, by Little Shasta, Shasta, Butte post-office, Ball's, at Butte Creek, Van Bremer's, near Hot Creek, Hot Springs Valley, Pitt River Valley, and Cedarville, to Lake City. From Yreka, by Shasta Valley, Soda Springs, Portuguese Flats, Dog Creek, and Churntown, to Shasta. From Yreka, by Shasta, and Murphy, to Genoa. From Yreka, by Ward's, Brown's, Link River, and Klamath Agency, to Fort Klamath, in Oregon. Connecticut. IN THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Allyn's Point, by Norwich, Greenville, Jewett's City, Plainfield, 230, v. 10, pp. 364- Central Village, West Killihngly, Killingly, Quinebaug, Thompson, Fish368. erville, Webster, in Massachusetts, Oxfbord, and Auburn, to ~Worcester. 168 Augr. 1856, 12. From Andover, by Gilead and Hebron, to Colchester. 3 March, 1857, c. From Bethel, by Cold Spring, Monroe, and Huntington, to Derby. 109, v. 11, p. 230. From Bethel, by Redding, Redding Ridge, and Easton, to Bridgeport. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Bolton Depot, by Coventry, Mansfield Depot, Mansfield, West 57 vJu2, p82 c Ashford, Ashford, Phoenixville, Abington, and Pomfret Landing, to 95, v. 12, p. 413. Killingly. 3 March, 1865, c. From Bridgefield, by Lewisborough, in New York, Vista, Smith's 104, v. 13, p. 52. Ridge, and New Canaan, to North Stamford. 131 Mar15h, 869. From Bridgeport, by Stratford, Derby, Ansonia, Hlumphreyville, 14 May, 1872, c. Naugatuck, Waterbury, Waterville, Plymouth, Plymouth Hollow, Camp159, v. 17, p. 103. ville, East Litchfield, Wolcottville, Burrville, and West Winsted, to 3 March, 1873, c. Winchester. 255, v. 17, p. 587. From Bridgeport, by Stepney Depot, Cold Spring, Newton, Hawleyville, Brookfield, New Milford, Gaylord7s Bridge, South Kent, Kent, Cornwall Bridge, West Cornwall, Falls Village, South Canaan, Canaan, Ashley Falls, in Massachusetts, Sheffield, Great Barrington, Van Dusenville, and West Stockbridge, to State Line. From Bridgeport, by Trumbull, and Trumbull Long Hill, to Stepney. From Bristol, by Terrysville, Plymouth, Plymouth Hollow, and Northfield, to Litchfield. From Central Village, by Canterbury, Westminster, Scotland, and Windham, to South Windham. From Colchester, by Westchester, and Modus, to East Haddam. From Collinsville, by New Hartford Centre, Torringford, and Bakersville, to Wolcottville. From Collinsville, by Pine Meadows, New Hartford, Winchester, West Winsted, IMill-Brook, Norfolk, West Norfolk, and East Canaan, to Canaan. From Cornwall Bridge, by Cornwall, and Milton, to Litchfield. From Danbury, by Ball's Pond, to New Fairfield. From Danbury, by Bethel, to Hawleyville. From Danbury, by New Fairfield, and Haviland Hlollow, in New York, to Patterson. IN THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT. From Falls Village, by Salisbury, Lakeville, and Ore Hill, to NorthEast, in New York. From Farmington, by Unionville, Burlington, and Harwinton, to Wolcottville. From Greenwich, by North Greenwich, Rhound Hill, Banksville, and Stanwich, to Long Bridge. From Greenwich, by Stanwich, to Banksville. From Hart-ford, by Bloomfield, Simsbury, West Granby, and Hartland, to West Granville, in Massachusetts..From Hartford, by Bloomfield, Tariffville, Granby, North Granby, and East Granville, in Massachusetts, to Blanford. From Hartford, by Bloomfield, Tariffville, Granby, and Southwick, to Westfield, in Massachusetts. From Hartford, by Buckland, Manchester, Manchester Station, Quarryville, Boston, Andover, and South Coventry, to Willimantic. From Hartford, by East Hartford, Buckland, Oakland, Vernon, Rockville, Ellington Square, Pond, and West Stafford, to Stafford. From Hartford, by East Hartford, East Windsor Hill, South Windsor, East Windsor, Broad Brook, Scitico, and Sommerville, to Somers. From Hartford, by East Hartford, Glastenbury, Marlborough, Colchester, Salem, and Chesterfield, to lNew London. From Hartford, by East Hartford, Manchester, Bolton, Andover, Columbia, Liberty Hill, Lebanon, Franklin, and Norwichtown, to Norwich. From Hartford, by East Hartford, Manchester, Quarryville, Coventry, South Coventry, Willimantic, Windham, Howard Valley, and Brooklyn, to West Killingly. From Hartford, by East Hartford, South Windsor, East Windsor Hill, and Windsorville, to Broad Broolk. From Hartford, by Hockanum and Glastenbury, to South Glastenbury. From EIartford, by New Britain, Plainville, and Forestville, to Bristol. From Hartford, by Poquonock, Rainbow, East Granby, West Suffield, and Feeding Hill, to Westfield, in Massachusetts. From Hartford, by Simsbury, North Canton, and Barkhamstead, to West Hartland. From Hartford, by West 1tHartford, Avon, Canton, Collinsville, New Hartford, Wvinchester, Mill Brook, and Norfolk, to Canaan. From Hartford, by West Hartford, Farmington, Bristol, Terrysville, Plymouth, Plymouth Hollow, and Northfield, to Litchfield. From Hartford, by Wethersfield, Rocky Hill, Cromwell, Middletown, Durham, Durham Centre, Northford, and Fair Haven, to New Hav;en. From Humphreysville, by Oxford, Southford, Southbury, Woodbury, Bethlehem, and South Adams, to Litchfield. From Jewett City, by Griswold, Voluntown, and Pendleton Hill, to North Stonington. From Litchfield, by Bantam Falls, Woodville, New Preston, Marble Dale, and Northville, to New Milford. Fromn Litchfield, by Goshen, West Goshen, and North Cornwall, to West Cornwall. From Litchfield to Litchfield Railroad Station. From Litchfield, by Milton, Warren, and East Kent, to Kent. From Litchfield to Wolcottville. From Middletown, by East Berlin, to thoe Depot on the New Haven Hartford and Springfield Railroad. From Middletown, by Higganum, Haddam, East Haddam, Chester, Deep River, Centre Brook, and Essex, to Saybrook. From Middletown to Meriden. From Middletown, by Portland, Middle Haddam, Cobalt, Haddam, Leesville, Modus, East Haddaml! Hadlyme, North Lyme, alld Hamburg, to Lyme. From Middletown, by Portlandl, Middle Hadcdam, an(l East EHampton, to East Hampton Lake. 32 JPOST-PROADS. From Middletown, by Portland, Middle Haddam, East Hampton, Maarlborough, Hebron, Columbia, and Willimantic, to Windham. From Middletown, by Portland, Cobalt, Middle Haddam, and East Hampton, to Chatham. From Milford, by Derby, Humphreysville, and Naaugatuck, to Warterbury. From New Hartford, by Barkhamstead and lHartland, to West Greenville, in Massachusetts. From New Hartford, by Pleasant Valley, Hitchcockville, and Colbrook River, to New Boston, in Massachusetts. From New Hartford, by Pleasant Valley, Hitchcockville, Colbrook River, New Boston, in Massachusetts, and Otis, to West Becket. From New Haven to East Haven. From New Haven, by Fair Haven, Branford, Guilford, Madison, Clinton, West Brook, Saybrook, Lyme, Laysville, East Lyme; and Waterford, to New London. From New Haven, by Fair Haven, North Branford, North Guilford, North Madison, Killingworth, and Winthrop, to Deep River. From New Haven, by Hamden, Cheshire, Southington, Plainville, Farmington, Avon, and Simsbury, to Tariffville. From New Haven, by North Haven, Wallingford, West 3Meriden, Meriden, Berlin, Kensington, New Britain, Hartford, Windsor, Windsor Locks, Warehouse Point, Thompsonville and Long Meadow, in Massachusetts, to Springfield. From New Haven, by West Haven, Milford, Stratford, Bridgeport, Fairfield, Southport, Westport, Saugatuck, Norwalk, South Norwalk, Darien Depot, Stamford, Mianus, Greenwich, Port Chester, in New York, Rye, Mamaroneck, New Rochelle, East Chester, West Farms, Harlem, and Yorkville, to New York. From New London, by Chesterfield, and Salem, to Colchester. From New London, by Groton Centre, Groton, Mystic, Mystic River, and Mystic Bridge, to Stonington. From New Mlilford to Washington. From New London, by Uncasville, Norwich, Norwichtown, Yantlie, North Franklin, South Windhamn, Willimlantic, South Coventry, Eagleville, Mansfield Depot, West Willington, Stafford Springs, and Monson, in Massachusetts, to Palmer. From New Milford, by Bridgewater, to Roxbury. From Newtown, by South Britain, Southbury, and Woodbury, to Hotchkissville. From New York, by Harlem, West Farms, East Chester, New Rochelle, Mamaroneck, Rye Port, Chester, Greenwich, Stamford, Darien, Norwalk, Westport, Southport, Fairfield, Bridgeport, and Stratford, to Milford. From Norwalk to New lanaan. From Norwalk, by Weston, to Redding Ridge. From North Woodstock, by Toodstock, and Pomfret, to Quinebaug, From North Woodstock, by Woodstock, and Pomfret, to Wilkinson. From Norwich, by Greenville, Taft's Village, Occum, and Eagleville, to Hanover. From Norwich, by Jewett City, Plainfield, Central Village, West Killingly, Killingly, Wilkinson, Thompson, Fisherville, Webster, in Massachusetts, Oxford, and Auburn, to Worcester. From Norwich, byN -orwichtowvn, Bozrah, and Bozrahville, to Colchester. From Norwich, by Norwichtown, Franklin, Windham, Mansfield Centre, Mansfield, Tolland, Rockville, Ellington, Somers, North Somers, and East Long Meadow, in Massach-usetts, to Springfield. From Norwich, by Poquetanuck, and Ledyard, to Gale's Ferry. From Norwich, by Preston, Griswold, Voluntown, Pendleton Hill, and North Stonlington, to Westerly, in Rhode Islhtind Fromn Pleasant Valley to New HEartford. From Pleasant Valley to Riverton. From Pleasanllt Va.lley to War'wicki Ne(k. IN THE STATE OF DELAWAiRE. 33 From Redding to Bridgeport. From Redding Ridge, by Redding, to West Redding. From Ridgefield, by Lewisborough, in New York, Vista, New Canaan, and North Stamford, to Stamford. From Rockiville, by Tolland, West Willincton, Willington Centre, Moose Meadow, Westford, North Ashford, West Woodstock, Village Corners, and Dudley, to Webster, in Massachusetts. From Stafford Depot, to Southbridge, in Massachusetts. From Stamford, by North Stamford, and High Ridge, to Pound Ridge, in New York. From Stamford to Long Ridge. From Stamford to New Canaan. From South Norwalk, by Norwalk, WVilton, Georgetown, Ridgefield, Redding, Riedding Ridge, and Bethel, to Danbury. From Stuartville, by Bloomfield, Tariffville, Granby, North Granby, and East Granville, in Massachusetts, to Blanford. From Tolland, by Moose 3Meadow, Westford, North Ashford, and West Woodstock, to North Woodstock. From Unionville, by Burlington and Harwinton, to Wolcottville. From Vernon Depot, by Vernon, Rockville, and Tolland, to Stafford Springs. From Voluntown, by Campbell's Mills, Collamer, and Sterling Hill, to Sterling. From Waterbury, by Marion, to West Meriden. From Waterbury, by Middlebury, to Woodbury. From Waterbury, by Watertown, to Litchfield. From West Cornwall to Sharon. From West Killingly, by Brooklyn, Hampton, Chaplin, and North Windham, to Willimantic. From West Killingly, by South Killingly, North Sterling, and Foster Centre, to South Foster. From West Willington, by Moose Meadow, Westford, North Ashford, West Woodstock, and New Boston, to Webster, in Massachusetts. From Willimantic, by 3Mansfield Centre, and Chaplain, to Eastford. From Windham to Willimantic. From Wolcottville, by Torrington, to Goshen. IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE. Delaware. From Canterbury, by Berrytown, Masten7s Corner, Vernon, and 3 Aug., 1854, c. Burrsville, in Maryland, to Denton. 230, v. 10, pp. 407, From Cantwell's Bridge, by Middletown, and Warwick, to Cecilton. 14 June, 185F3, From Centreville to Smith's Bridge., v. 11, v. 1, 39. From Dagsboro', by Blackwater, and Hall's Store, to Tunnell's Store. 14 July, 1862, c. From Dover to Little Creek Landing. 171, v. 12, p. 573. From Frankford, by Andy, to Tunnell's Store. 26 Jully, 1866, c. From Fredonia, by Willow Grove, to Mount Moriah. 20 Mar., 186p, c. From Georgetown, by Concord, Laurel, Salisbury, in Maryland, 35, v. 15, p. 45. Florktown, and Upper Trappe, to Princess Anne. 25 July, 1868, c. From Georgetown to Lewes. 244,v.15,18G. From Georgetown, by Millsboro', Dagsboro', Selbyville, Saint Mar- 131, v. 15, p. 327. tin's, in Maryland, Berlin, Newark; Snow Hill, Sandy Hill, Horntown, 28 Feb., 1871, c. in Virginia, Chincoteague, Modest Town, Metompkin, Accomack Court- 101, V. 16, p. 461. House, Onancock, Pungoteague, Belle Haven, Franktown, and Johnsontown, to Eastville. From Georgetown, by Springfield, and Hollyville, to Angola. From Kirkwood to Glasgow. From Milford, by Cedar Creek, and Draw Bridge, to Lewes. From Millsboro', by Angola, to Lewes. From Millsboro', by Gumboro', to Whaleysville, in Maryland. From Milford, by Williamsville, Bridgeville, Horsey's Cross Roads, Federalsburgh, and East Nlew Market, to Cambridge. E S III-3 34 POST-PROADS. From Mount Pleasant Station, by McDonough, to Port Penn. From Newark, by Cook's Bridge, Glasgow, Summit Bridge, Middletown, and Warwick, to Cecilton. From Red Lion to Summit Bridge. From Saint George's, by Delaware City, to Port Penn. From Smyrna, by Chesterfield and Millington, in Maryland, to Chestertown, in Maryland. From Smyrna to Leipsic. From Townsend, by Black Bird, to Deakyneville. From Wilmington, by Loveville, New Garden, in Pennsylvania, Avondale, and Chatham, to Cochransville. From Wilmington, by Newcastle, Chippewa, Red Lion, Saint George's, McDonough, Cantwell's Bridge, Black Bird, Smyrna, Dover, Camden, Canterbury, Fredrica, Milford, and Milton, to Georgetown. From Wyoming to Hazlettville. From Wyoming, by Lebanon, to Magnolia. Florida. IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA. 3 Aug., 1854, a. From. Adamsville, by Pineborough and Fort Butler, to Lake Griffin. 230, v. 10, pp. 442- From Alaqua, to Geneva, in Alabama. 444. MFrom Alafia to Pine Level. 2113 March, 1855. From Alliga to New 1ottom, on the Suwannee River, 18 Aug., 1856,0. From Alligator, by Durham, to Olustee. 168, v. 11, p. 124. From Alligator, by Suwannee Shoals, to Blount's Ferry. 103 March, 1857 o From Alligator, by White Springs, Jasper, Jennings, Belleville, 109, v. 11, p.236. 14 June, 1858, c. Cherry Lake, Hamburgh, Clifton, and Ancilla, to Monticello. 162, v. 11, pp. 339, From Apalachicola to Cedar Keys. 340. From Apalachicola, by Chatahoochee, to Columbus, in Georgia. 27 Feb., 1861. From Augusta to Homasassa. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Bainbridge, in Georgia, by Chattahoochee, Marianna, Scour35, v. 15, p.45. lock's Springs, Webbville, Campbellton, Geneva, in Alabama, Gents3 March, 1869, o. ville, Milton, and Floridatown, to Pensacola. 31, v.15,p. 327. From Bainbridge, in Georgia, by Chattahoochee, Ochesee, West Win22, v. 16, p. 70. ton, Rickoe's Bluff, Iola, and Fort Gadsden, to Apalachicola. 14 July, 1870, c. From Barbour's, by New River, Fort Harley, and Fort Crane, to 273, v. 16, p. 281. Micanopy. 28 Feb., t1871, 0 From Bayard, by George's Lake and Danielsville, to Newnanville. 101, v. 16, p. 461. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Bay Port to Clear Water Harbor. 6, v. 17, p. 25. From Bluntstown to Abe Spring. 10 June, 1872, c. From Bronson, by Crystal River, to Brookville. 427,. 17, p. 383. From Brookville to Bay Port.;From Camp Izard to Crystal River. From Camp Izard, by Homasassa, to Bay Port. From Cedar Keys to Sumterville. From Cedar ~Keys, by Wekeiva, Ocala, Lake Bryant, Fort Butler, Volusia, and Spring Garden Lake, to New Smyrna. From Clear Water Harbor to Tampa. From Concord, to HEarrell, by Calvary, in Georgia. From Coon Bottom to Quincy. From Deadman's Bay, by Spring Warrior, Hampton Springs, Perry Court-House, Lovett's Mills, Saint Augustine Cross Roads, and McCall's Academy, to Quitman, in Georgia. From Enterprise to New Smyrna. From Enterprise to Sand Point. From Fanning, by Fort Fanning, Cook's Hammock, Warrior, Finkholloway, Eauperire, and Rocky Ford, to Waukeena. From Fort Capron, by Fort Vinton, Fort Drum, Fort Kissimme, Lake Istipogas, Pine Level, Fort Myers, Ponta Rosa, and Caximbas Bay, to Cape lomano. From Fort Gates, by Lake Charles and Silver Spring, to Ocala, From Fort Meade to Charlotte Harbor. IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA. 35 From Fort Yates, by Liola, Orange Lake, Fort Drane, Flemington, Wacahootie, and Shell Pond, to Long Pond. From Freeport to Vernon. From Gainesville, by Fort Fanning, and Fort McCrab, to Fort Frank Brooke. From Gainesville, by Jamestown, to Orange Creek. From Garey's Ferry, by Fort tHarley, Newnanville, and Ellisville, to Alligator. From Holmes' Valley to Saint Andrew's Bay. From IEomasassa to Atsena Otie. From Homasassa, by Crystal River and Long Pond, to Wakasassa. From Iola to Abe Spring. From Iola, by Aspen Grove, Econfina, Valambrosia, Uchee Anna, Alaqua, and East River, to Milton. From Iola, by Dead Lakes, and Saint Joseph's, to Apalachicola. From Jacksonville, by Brandy Branch, Barber7s, and Ocean Pond, to Alligator. From Jacksonville, by Callahan, to King's Ferry. From Jacksonville, by Callahan,.King's Ferry, Colerain, and Trader's Hill, to Centre Village, in Georgia. From Jacksonville to Haddock's. From Jacksonville to Saint Nicholas. From Jasper, by Blount's Ferry, and Paulerson's Ferry, to Centre Village, in Georgia. From Jesse Edge's to Almirante, in Florida. From Key West, by Charlotte Harbor, to Tampa. From Key West, by Indian Key, to Charleston, in South Carolina. From Key West, by Key Vaccas, to Miama. From Key West, by Manatee, Tampa, Cedar KIeys, Saint Markls, Apalachicola, and Pensacola, to New Orleans, in Louisiana. From Lake City, by Newnanville, to Gainesville. From Lake City, by Providence, and Harneyville, to Waldo. From Lake Washington to Fort Kissimmee. From Leesburg, by Fort Cumming, Fort Gardner, Fort Kissimmee, Fort Loyd, Fort Van Swearinger, and Okechobee, to Biscayne. From Leesburg, by Sumterville, Benton, and Fort Meade, to Pine Level. From Little River, by Samuel Barber's, and William Johnson's, to Shoaltown, on the Suwannee River. From Live Oa~k, by Charles Ferry, and Finkholloway, to Saint Mark's. From Live Oak to Cook's Hammock. From Madison, by Charles MIills, Charles Ferry, New Boston, Troy, and Collins, to Clay Landing. From Madison, by Hamburgh, and Clifton, to Groversville, in Georgia. From Madison, by Moseley's Mills, to New Boston. From Manatee, by Foru Crawford, to Pine Level. From Marianna to Abe Spring. From Marianna, by Bellevue, to Bainbridge, in Georgia. From Marianna, by Calhoun Court-House, to Apalachicola. From Marianna, by Greenwood, to Millwood. From Marianna to Ochesee. From Marianna, by Orange Htill, Vernon, Holiness Valley, and Knox Hill, to Uchee Anna. From Marianna to Pensacola.;From Marianna to Saint Andrew's Bay. From Marion Cross-Roads, by Finkholloway, Econfina Spring, Warrior, and Cook's Hammock, to Clay Landing. From Melendez to Augusta. From Mellonville, by Apopka, and Oakland, to Orlando. From Mellonville, by Apopka Lake, Harris Lake, Adamsville, Sum. terville, Monroe's Ferry, Pierceville, and Spring Hill, to Bay Port. From Mellonville to JernigaLn. 3G6 POST-ROADS. From Mellonville to Lake Eustace. From Mellonville, by Lake Harney, Lake Poinsett, and Lake Winder, to Lake Washington. From Mellonville to New Smyrna. From 3McIntosh, by Fort Barker, and Natural Bridge, to Fort Frank iBrooke. From Micanopy to Gainesville. From Miccosukee to Rome. From Middleburgh to Newnanville. From Milton, by Almirante, and Gentsville, to Cerro Gordo. From Milton, by Coon Hill, Nathansville, in Alabama, and Fort Crawford, to Sparta, in Alabama. From Milton, by East River, and Alaqua, to Uchee Anna. From Monticello, by Grooverville, in Georgia, to Thomasville. From Monticello, by Beaseley, FortAndrew, Fort Hulburt, Fort Frank ]Brooke, Clay Landing, Wakasassa, Wekevia, Fort Clinch, Homasassa, Augusta, Spring Hill, Pittitochoscolee, to Fort Harrison. From Monticello, by Aucilla, and Cherry Lake, to Bellville. From Newnanville, by Fort Clark, Wacahootie, Micanopy, Flemington, and Newton, to Ocala. From Newnanville, by Fort Harley, to Middleburg. From Newnanville to New River. From Newnanville, by Tustenuggee, Santa F6, Fort Fanning, and Wakasassa, to Atsena Otie. From Newport, by Waukeenah, to Monticello. From New Smyrna, by Indian River, and Jupiter, to Miami. From New Smyrna, by Spring Hill, and Lake Beresford, to Hawkinsville. From New Troy to Clear Water Harbor. From New Troy, by Cook's Hammock, to Deadman's Bay. From Ocala to Camp Izzard. From Ocala, by Long Swamp, and Adamsville, to Abrahamtown. From Ocala, by Number Two, Tyner's, Willis', Rawls', and Shell Pond, to Archer Station. From Ochesee to Marianna. From Oglethorp, in Georgia, by Cuthbert, Blakely, and Woodville, in Alabama, to Marianna. From Okahumka, by Sumterville, to Brooksville. From Orange Springs to Cedar Keys. From Orange Springs to Flemington. From Orange Springs, by Micanopy, to Fort Crane. From Orlando to Cross Prairie. From Orlando, by Lake Marion, and Fort Drum, to Saint Lucie. From Orlando, to Adamsville, by south side of Lake Apopka. From Pensacola, by Apalachicola, Saint Mark's, and Atsena Otie, to Key West. From Pensacola, by Blakely, in Alabama, to Mobile. From Pensacola, by Escambia, to Belleville, in Alabama. From Pensacola to Freeport. From Pensacola, to Greenville, in Alabama. From Pilatka to Dunn's Lake. From Pilatka, by Lake Bryant, Lake Hanson, Lake Dora, Apopka, Jernigan, Tohopekaliga, Lake Kissimmee, Fort Kissimmee, Fort Bassinger, Fort Centre, and Fort Adams, to Fort Myers. From Pilatka, by Madisonboro', Newnanville, and Ellisville, to Alligator. From Pilatka to Okahumka. From Pilatka, by Orange Springs, Orange Lake, Ocala, Camp Izard, M~elendez, Augusta, and Fort Taylor, to Tampa. From Pilatka, by Picolata, Middleburgh, Magnolia Hills, Mandarin, and Jacksonville, to Charleston, in South Carolina. From Pilatka, by Saint John's River, to Irwin. IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA. 37 From Pilatka to Station, at Bellamy road. From Pilatka, by Welaka, and Enterprise, to 3Iellonville. From Providence, by Lake Butler, to Stark. From Quincy to Apalachicola. From Quincy to Chattahoochee. From Quincy to Secludo. From Quincy, by William Winderwerdler's, and D. B. Rich's, to Ridleysville. From Saint Augustine, by Dunn's Lake, to New Smyrna. From Saint Augustine, by Jacksonville, and Kirkland, to Saint Mary's. Fromn Saint Augustine to Picolata. From Saint Augustine, by Smyrna, Indian River, San Lucia, Jupiter, Miama, Cayo Largo, Indian Key, Key West, Charlotte Harbor, Sarasota, Tampa, Cedar Keys, Saint Mark's, Apalachicola, Saint Josepl's, and Saint Andrews, to Pensacola. From Saint John's River, on the Bellamy road, by Danielsville, and the Sand Hills, to Newnanville. From Saint Joseph's to Apalachicola. From Silver Spring, by Orange, to Station, at Bellamy road. From Sopchoppy, to Henry Anderson's, on the Ocklocknee River. From Sopchoppy, by way of Gov. Call's, to White Bluff. From Spring Hill, by Melendez, and Cedar Tree, to Fort Dale. From Starke, by Lake Butler, to Lake City. From Starke to Pilatka, by Cadiz, and Timmons. From Starke, by New River, to Providence. From Stillepica to Finkholloway. From Smyrna, by Halifax River, and Matanzas River, to Saint Augustine, in Florida. From Tocoi to Saint Augustine. From Tallahassee, by B3enhaden, Shell Point, Patuxet, and Sopchoppy, to Walker. From Tallahassee, by Centreville, and Tamonia, to Thomasville, in Georgia. From Tallahassee to China Hill. From Tallahassee, by Jackson's Bluff, to Bristol. From Tallahassee, by Moses Beasley's, on the Tologee, to Ridleysville, on the Apalachicola River. From Tallahassee to Newport. From Tallahassee, by Miccosukee, and Southland, to Monticello. From Tallahassee to Saint Mark's. From Tallahassee, by Salubrity, and Quincy, to Bairnbridge, in Georgia. From Tallahassee, by Waukeenah, Monticello, Beasley, Stockton, Mosely Hall, Stillepica, Madison Court-House, Columbus, Mineral Springs, and Little River, to Alligator. From Tampa to Clearwater Harbor. From Tampa to Fort Harrison. From Tampa to Fort Meade. From Tampa, by Ichepuckesassa, and Jernigan, to Mellonville. From Tampa, by Lake Thonatosassa, Ichepuckesassa, Fort Davenport, and Apopka, to Lake Harney. From Tampa, by Kennedy's Store, and Summerlew's Store, to Fort MIellon. From Tampa to Manatee. From Tampa to Old Tampa Bay. From Uchee Anna to Freesport. From Vernon to Econfina. From Vernon to Saint Andrew's Bay. From Volusia, to a point on Halifax River known as Shady's Grove, to embrace Haw Creek and Tomaka. From Wacahootie, by Emathl, - Camp Izard, Elomasassa, Augtsta, and Chocohatie, to Fort Dale. 38 POST-ROADS. From Waldo to Orange Springs. From Wellborn, by White Springs, and Roaring Creek, to Blount's Ferry. From West Waynton, by Aspen Grove, to Abe Spring. Georgia. IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Alapaha, by Driver's Hill, and Troublesome, to Jasper, in Florida. 230,v.10, p. 436-442. From Albany, by Chickasawhatchie, Dover, Cuthbert, and Petawla, 3 March, 1855, c. to Georgetown. 211, v. 10,. 707. tO eot o 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Albany, by Gillion's, Concord, Pachitta, and Fall Creek, to Fort 168, v. 11, p. 124. Gaines. 3 March, 1857, c. From Albany, by Gintown, and Pennsboro', to Irwinsville. 14 June, 1858, 2. From Albany, by Gum Pond, Thomasville, Duncansville, and Centre. 162, v. 11, p. 340. ville, to Tallahassee, in Florida. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Albany, by Moultrie, and Tallokas, to Quitman. 57, v. 12, p. 155. From Albany, by Thomasville, Okapilco, and Morven, to Troupville. 28 Feb., 1871, e. 101, v. 16, p. 461. From Americus, by Danville, and Drayton, to Vienna. b 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Americus, by Plains of Dura, Lannahassee, and Searsville, to 6, v. 17, p. 25. Pineville. 14 May, 1872, G. From Americus to Holly Grove. 159, v. 17, p. 103. 4 10 June, 1872, c. From Americus, by Providence, to Chenuba. 427, v. 17, p. 383. From Americus, by Ellaville, and Buena Vista, to Geneva.. 3 March, 1873, c. From Athens, by Bascobel, Harmony Grove, Maysville, Gillsville, 255, v. 17, p. 588. Poplar Springs, Hughesburg, and Dawson, to Clarkesville. From Athens, by Brooklyii, Amandaville, Montevideo, Evergreen, in South Carolina, and Rock Mills, to Anderson Court-House. From Athens, by Danielsville, Madison Springs, Franklin Springs, an d Bowersville, to Henley's Store. From Athens, by Jefferson, Pond Fork, Sugar tHill, and Cunningham's Store to Gainesville. From Athens, by McCleskyvs, and Jug Tavern, to Lawrenceville. From Athens, by Planter's Stand, Taylorsville, and Cromer's Mills, to Carnesville. From Atlanta, by Ark, Red Oak, Fair Burn, Palmetto, Newnan, Willow Grove, Corinth, Asbury, La Grange, and Long Cane, to West Point. From Atlanta, by Boltonville, Marietta, Ackworth, Allatoona, Cartersville, Cassville, Kingston, Adairsville, Calhoun, Resaca, Tilton, Dalton, Tunnel Hill, Ringgold, Opelika, and Chickamauga, to Chattanooga, in Tennessee. From Atlanta, by Gainesville, Sulphur Springs, and Carnesville, to Hartwell. From Atlanta, by Roswell, Alpharetta, and Cumming, to Dahlonega. From Atlanta, by Turner and Mason's Ferry, Powder Springs, Villa Rica, Buchanan, and Tallapoosa, to Jacksonville, in Alabama. From Atlanta, by Utoy, Sandtown, Campbletown, Dark Corner, Villa Iica, and Hickory Level, to Carrollton. From Atlanta to Waynesville. From Augusta, by Berzelia, Saw Dust, Lombardy, Thompson, Double Wells, Crawfordsville, Union Point, Greensborough, Buckhead, Madison, Social Circle, Covington, Oxford, Conyers, Lythonoia, Stone Mountain, and Decatur, to Atlanta. From Augusta, by Kiokee, Eubanks, Double Branches, Lincolnton, Goshen, Petersburg, Anthony's Shoals, Cook's Law Office, Elberton, Amandaville, Eagle Grove, Bowersville, and Fairview, to Carnesville. From Augusta to Richmond Factory. From Bainbridge, by Swann's Bridge, to Steam. Mill. From Ball Ground, by Jasper, to Ellijay. From Barnesville, by the Rock, Thomaston, Double Bridges, Pleasant 11ill, Talbotton, Box Spring, and Pine Hill, to Upatoie. From Battle Ground to Mount Vernono IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA. 39 From Belleview to Talbotton. From Blackshear, by Strickland, and Baggby's Store, to Douglas. From Blakely, by Colquit, to Bainbridge. From Blakely, by Starford's Store, Carry's Bridge, and Hutchinson's Ferry, to Quincy, in Florida. From Blairsville, by Choestoe, Loudsville, and Pleasant Retreat, to Dahlonega. From Blairsville, by Young Cane, Tocoa, Blue Ridge, White Path, Ellijay, Cerro Gordo, Talking Rock, Pine Log, and Fairmount, to Cassville. From Boston, by Old Grooverville, Amicalola, and Station, to Monticello, in Florida. From Bowdon, by Goggin, Walthall's Store, and Tallapoosa, to Cedartown. From Boxville to Sugar Creek. From Brunswick, by Bethel, Waynesville and Langsbury, to Jeffersonton. From the terminus of the Brunswick and Florida Railroad west of the Saltillo River, to the terminus of the Savannah, Albany and Gulf Railroad west of the Altamaha River. From Brunswick, by Waynesville, Waresboro and Magnolia, to Troupville. From Buena Vista to Geneva. From Butler, by Wilcher's Mills, and Tazewell, to Buena Vista. From Calhoun, by lFloyd's Springs, to Rome. From Camac to Warrenton. From Campbelltown to Fairburn. From Canton, by Ball Ground, Marble Works, and Juno to Dahlonega. From Canton, by Sharp Top, Rich Mountain, and Copper Mines, to Jasper. From Carnesville, by Bald Springs, Isaac Davis, Erastus, and Nat. Gunnell's, to Jefferson. From Carrolton, by Laurel Hill, and Union Mill, to Franklin. From Carrolton, by New Babylon, to Van Wert. From Cartersville, by Ball Ground, Walesca, and Dawsonville, to Dahlonega. From Cartersville, by Dallas, to Villa Rica. From Cartersville, by Stilesborough, and Van Wert, to Cedartown. From Cassville, by Little Prairie, Sonora, Free Bridge, and Holly Creek, to Spring Place. From Cave Spring, by Harrol's Cross-Roads, and Osceola, in Alabama, to Cedar Bluff. From Cedar Bluff to Cave Spring. From Cedartown to Pumpkin Pile. From Centre Village, by Trader's Hill, and Paulerson's Ferry, to Suwannee. From Chattanooga, in Tennessee, to Head of McLemore's Cave. From Chattanooga, in Tennessee, by Roseville, to Frick's Gap. From Chattanooga, in Tennessee, by Wauhatchie, to Trenton. From Chenuba, by Terrill Court-lHouse, Dover, and Morgan, to Colquit. From Clarkesville to Carnesville. From Clayton to Blairsville. From Clayton to Whetstone. From Colquit, by Milford, to Newton. From Columbus, by Cottage Hill, Jamestown, Hannahatchee, Lunpkin, and Cuthbert, to Fort Gaines. From Columbus, by King Post-Office, and Cusseta, to Green Hill. From Columbus, by Midway, in Alabama, and Oliphet, to Enon. From Columbus, by Piedmont, Mulberry Grove, Mountain Hill, and Whitesville, to West Point. 40 POST-ROADS. From Cook's Store, by Daniel Morrison's, to Douglas. From Copeland, by Adams, to House Creek. From Covington, by Middle Ridge, Oak Hill, McDonough, and Double Cabins, to Griffin. From Covington, by Newtown Factory, Worthville, Jackson, -Indian Springs, Cork, and New Market, to Forsyth. From Covington, by tRocky Plains, and Snapping Shoals, to Bersheba. From Decatur, by Panthersville, Tucker's Cabin, and Stoclkbridge, to iMcDonough.; From Dahlonega, by Amnicalola, Prince Edwardcls, Carticay, Ellijay, Tail's Creek, Coosawattee, Spring Place, and Cedar Ridge, to Dalton. From Dahlonega, by Cooper's Gap, Gaddistown, Stock-Hill, Skeinab, Willscott, Tocoa, Hot House, Hiawassee, Mine, tock Spring, and Greasy Creek, to Benton, in Tennessee. From Dahlonega, by William Robertson's to Round Hill. From Danielsville, by Pool's Grove, and Antioch, to Elberton. From Darien to Brunswick. From Darien, by Fort Barrington Ferry, Pendarvis' Store, Alabama Creek, and Strickland's, to Waresboro.' From Darien to Frederica. From Davisborough to Fein's Bridge. From Dearing to Luther. From Doctor Town, by the Altamaha River Road, to Ocmulgeeville. From Doctor Town, by Holmesville, and Ocmulgeeville, to Feronia. From Doctor Town, to Waynesville, by Pendarvis' Store. From Double. Wells, by Sharon, to Washington. From Dublin to Jacksonville. From Dublin, by McLendon's Store, to Little York. From Eden to James H[agan s. From Eden, by J. Denmark's, W. D. Loack's, and Brueton's Mills, to Reidsville. From Eatonton, by James Shuman's, to Edward's Bridge. From Eatonton, by Staffordsville, and Clinton, to Macon. From Eatonton to Monticello. From Elberton, by Cherokee Hill, to Abbeyville Court-house, in South Carolina. From Elberton, by ]Harmony, and Cold Water, to Montevideo. From Elberton, by Summervale, Cold Water, and Cedar Creek, to Hartwell. From Ellijay to Jasper. From Ellijay, by Jasper, and Ball Ground, to Canton. From Eufaula, in Alabama, by Georgetown, Petawla, Cotton Hill, Franklin, in Alabama, Pachitta, Spring Creek, and Blakely, to Bain. bridge. From Franlin to La Grange. From Forsyth to Russellville. From Fort Gaines, by Gatesville, Pine Bridge, Blakely, Olive Grove, and Argyle to Chattahoochee, in Florida. From Fort Valley, by Marshallsville, Winchester, and Montezuma, to Oglethorpe. From Fort Valley, by Perry and Haynesville, to Hawkinsville. From Fort Valley, by Reynolds, to Butler. From Fort Valley, by Sandy Point, Knoxvile, Francisville, and Diviston, to Talbotton. From Gainesville, by Brown's Bridge, and Coal Mountain, to GumMring. From Gainesville, by Erown's MIills, Crossville, Smithville, Barrettsville, High Tower, Broad Tree, Orange, and Canton, to Etowah. From Gainesville, by Duane Street, to Clarksville. From Gainesville, by Ethel, and Wauhoo, to Dahlonega. From Gainesville, by Glade Mines, and Polksville, to Argo. IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA. 41 From Gainesville, by New Bridge, and Auraria, to Dahlonega. From Gainesville, by Walnut Hill, Bushville, Hudson, and Sillville, to Carnesville. From Gainesville, by VWar Hill, Gillsville, Hudson, Nails Creek, and Walnut Hill, to Carnesville. From Gayton to Springfield. From Gintown, by Hinton, Ocklockney, and Tallakos, to Okapilco. From Greensborough to Glade's Cross Roads. From Greensborough, by Penfield, to Scull Shoals. From Greensborough to White Plains. From Greenville, by Farmers', White Sulphur Springs, King's Gap, Goodman's Cross-Roads, Cataula, and Cochran's Cross-Roads, to Columbus. From Greenville to Warm Springs. From Greenville, by Woodbury, and Magdalena, to Pleasant Hill. From Greenville, by Woodbury, Thundering Spring, and Tepid Springs, to Thomaston. From Griffin, by Double Cabins, Towaliga, Jackson, Indian Spring, Cork, and Seven Islands, to Monticello. From Griffin, by Erin, Jones' Mills, Greenville, Mountville, La Grange, Long Cane, and West Point, to Cusseta, in Alabama. From Griffin to the Indian Springs. iFrom Griffin, by Liberty Hill, to Unionville. From Griffin, by York, White Water, Glen Grove, Kidron, and Saluda, to Newnan. From Griffin to Zebulon. From Griffin, by Zebulon, Shoar, and Jones' Mills, to Greenville. From Gum Swamp to Irwinville. From Halcyon Dale, by Black Creek, Buck Creek, Svlvania CourtHiouse, Jacksonborough, Mill Haven, Joy's 3Mills, and Alexandria, to Waynesborough. From Halcyon Dale, by Mill Ray, and Statesboro', to Reidsville. From Harmony Grove, Phidetta, Bushville, and the county-site of Banks County, Wells Creek, and Hollingsworth, to Clarksville. From Harrell, by Calvary, to Concord, in Florida. From Hawkinsville, by Copeland, Temperance, McRae's Store, Jacksonville, Clayville, Lumber City, Roxville, Perry's Mills, Beard's Creek-, and Jones' Creek, to Darien. From ltawkinsville to Gum Swamp. From Hawkinsville, by Lawson, Abbeville, and House Creek, to Irwinville. From Hawkinsville, by Lawson, and Vineyard, to Irwinville. From Hawkinsville, by Millwood, Vienna, Gum Creek, Slade, Warwick, and Hollidaysville, to Albany. From Hawkinsville to Vienna. From Holmesville to Hall. From Holmesville, by Stafford's Ferry, and Surrency, to Reidsville. From Huntsville to Dallas. From Jacksonville, by Feronia, to Ocmulgeeville. From Jacksonville to Douglass, and Magnolia. From Jacksonville, to Trader's Hill, by Josiah Lewis', on Mill Creek. lFrom Jacksonville to Sugar Creek. From Jasper to Cassville. From Jasper to Dawsonville. From Jefferson, by John Randolph's, and Cain's, to Cumming. From Jenks' Bridge, by Davis' Mills, and Brier Patch, to Slatesborough. From Jonesborough to Fayetteville. From Jonesboro' to Stockbridge. From Jones' Mills, by Rocky Mount, to Holly. From Kingston to Rome. 42 POST-ROADS. From Knoxville, by Hammock's Grove, Culloden, and Waynmanville, to Thomaston. From Knoxville, by Hickory Grove, Hootensville, Carsonville, and Centre, to Talbotton. From Knoxville, by Hopewell, to Russellville. From La Grange, by Houston, to Franklin. From La Grange, by O'Neal's Mills, Cochran's Cross-Roads, Hamilton, and Cataula, to Columbus. From La Grange, by Vernon, Antioch, Wehadkee, in Alabama, Rock Mills, Roanoke, and High Pine, to Weedowee, in Alabama. From Lanier to Oglethorpe. From Lannahassee, by Bottsford, Pleasant Level, and Flat Point, to Starkville. From Lawrenceville, by Chinkapin Grove, Auburn, Mulberry, and Marcus, to Jefferson. From Lawrenceville, by Suwannee, Sheltonville, and Cumming, to High Tower. From Lexington to Lexington Depot. From Lexington, by Point Peter, Broad River, Elberton, Harmony, Coldwater, Montevideo, Evergreen, in South Carolina, Rock Mills, and Mountain Creek, to Anderson Court-House. From Lexington, by Wolf Skin, to Watkinsville. From Little York to Boxville. From Lombardy, by Republican, Reedy Creek, Spread Oak, and Sylvan Grove, to Fenn's Bridge. From Loudsville to Clarkesville. From Louisville to Way's. From Lowellville, by Rocky Mount, Holly, Gold Hill, and iHogansville, to Corinth. From Lumber City, by Boxville, Seward, Perry's Mills, lMatlock, and Beard's Creek, to Johnson's Station. From Lumpkin, by Florence, to Glenville, in Alabama. From Lythonia, by Flat Rock, to White House.:From Lythonia to Rockbridge. From Macon, by Colaparchee, Forsyth, Barnesville, and Milner, to Griffin. From Macon, by Colaparchee, Forsyth, Barnesville, MIilner, Griffin, Bear Creek, Jonesborough, Rough and Ready, and East Point, to Atlanta. From Macon, by Fort Valley, Marshallsville, Winchester, and Montezuma, to Oglethorpe. From Macon, by Jeffersonville, Marion, and Twigsville, to Traversville. From Macon, by Reynoldsville, Fort Valley, Powdersville, and Reynold's Steam Factory, to Columbus. From Madison, by Double Shoals, Salem, and Farmington, to Watkinsville. From Madison to Ebenezer. From Madison, by Glade's Cross-Roads, Eatonton, Staffordville, Blountsville, and Clinton, to 3Macon. From Madison, by Hearnsville, and Shady Dale, to Monticello. From Magnolia, to Blount's Ferry, in Florida. From Magnolia, by Carter's Ridge, and Alapaha, to Troupville. From Magnolia to Troublesome. From Magnolia, by Coffee Court-House, to Swanks Store. From Marietta, by Dallas, and Van Wert, to Cedartown. From Marietta, by Lost Mountain, to Dallas. From Marietta, by Noonday, and Woodstock, to Canton. From Marietta, by Powder Springs, to Salt Springs. From Marietta, by Powder Springs, Salt Springs, New Manchester, and Campbelltown, to Fairburn. From Marietta, by Roswell, Lebanon, Farm House, Big Creek, Cumming, Coal Mountain, Crossville, and Auraria, to Dahlonega. IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA. 43 From Marion, by Cool Springs, to Laurens Hill. From Marshallsville to Lanier Court-House. From Mayfield to Powellton. From Mayfield, by Rock Mills, Shoals of Ogeechee, Curry's Mills, and Fenn's Bridge, to Davisboro'. From Maysville, by Grove Level, Bushville, Nail's Creek, Middle River, and Hollingsworth, to Allendale. From McDonough, by Spring, to Sandy Ridge. F'rom McIntosh to Hinesville. From Midville, by Canoochee, to Swainsborough. From Milford, by Furlow's, to Gillionsville. From Milledgeville, by Black Spring, Attamira, Sparta, and Powellton, to Double Wells. From Milledgeville, by Blountsville, Tranquilla, Hillsboro', Monticello, Palo Alto, Leaksville, and Starsville, to Covington. From Milledgeville, by Clopton's Mills, to Eatonton. From Milledgeville, by Dennis, to Eatonton. From Milledgeville, by Tallmadge, to Gordon. From Millin to Waynesborough. From Monticello, by Gladesville, Graball, Cardville, and Poverty Elill, to Macon. From Monticello to Hillsborough. From Morgan to Blakely. From Morgantown, to Murphey, in North Carolina. From Morven, by Shank Ferry, HEahira, Ava, and Pandall's, to Orel. From Moseley's Store to Walton's Ford. From Mount Pleasant to Owen's Ferry. From M3ount Pleasant to Pendarvis' Store. From Mount Vernon, by Little York, to Sugar Creek. From Mount Vernon, by Sterling, to Reidsville. From Mount Yonah, by Mossy Creek, and Polkville, to Poplar Spring. From Newnan, by Bowenville, Carrollton, Bowdon, Arbacoochee, and Warren, to Oxford. From Newnan to Carrollton. From Newnan, by County Line, Cedar Branch, River Town, Campbellton, Salt Spring, and Powder Springs, to Marietta. From Newnan, by Lodi, Rotherwood, and Bowersville, to Carrollton. From Newnan, by Paris, Location, and Haralson, to Erin. From Newnan, by Rio, and Enon Grove, to Franklin. From Newnan, by Saluda, and Kidron, to Fayetteville. From Newnan, to Wedowee, in Alabama. From Newton to Bond's Mills. From Newton, by Camilla, and Moultrie, to Nashville. From Ocapilco to Piscola. From Oconee Station to Norris' Store. From Oglethorpe, by Americus, Starkville, Palmyra, Albany, Newton, Bainbridge, Quincy, and Salubrity, to Tallahassee, in Florida. From Oglethorpe, by Grangerville, Poindexter, Gragoletta, Tazewell, Buena Vista, Glen Alta, and Halloca, to Columbus. From Oglethorpe, by Hamburg, Pond Town, Buena Vista, Searsville, Richland, Lumpkin, Bladen Creek, and Georgetown, to Eufaula, in Alabama. From Oglethorpe, by Jalapa, and Byronsville, to Vienna. From Oglethorpe, by Lanier, Howard, Upatoie, and Steam-Factory, to Columbus. From Oriel's, by Harris, to Pennsborough. From Palmetto, to Carrolltown, by Rivertown, and Chanceville. From Palmetto, by County Line, Cedar Branch, Riverton, and Campbellton, to Palmetto. From Pendamn's Store, by Linder's Bluff, Burddishville, Rushville, and Esonville, to Holmesville. From Penfield to Woodville. 44 POST-ROADS. From Perry to Henderson. From Pleasant Hill, by Bellville, Bluff Springs, Waverly Hall, and Ellerslie, to Columbus. From Pond Town, by Quebec, to Holly Grove. From Pond Town, by Buena Vista, Glen Alta, Halloca, and Quinfield, to Columbus.. From Preston, by Richland, LnmpkinD and Bladen Creek, to Eufaula, in Alabama. From Quitman, to Dead-man's Bay, in Florida. From Raysville, by Leathersville, to Lincolnton. From Reidsville to Hinesville. From Reidsville to Johnson's Station. From Resaca, by Sugar Valley, Villanow, Gordon Springs, Chesnut Flats, and Lafayette, to Frick's Gap. From Riceboro', by Walthourville, to Hinesville. From Ringgold, by Wood's Station, to Lafayette. From Rome, by Armuchee, Dirt Town, Summerville, Trion Factory, Lafayette, Rock Spring, Snow Hill, and Roseville, to Ringgold. From Rome, by Vann's Valley, to Cave Spring. From Rome, by Vann's Valley, to Cedartown. From Rome, by the Coosa River, and Greenport, to Talladega, in Alabama. From Rome, by Thomas Mills, to Alma, by the south side of Coosa River. From Roswell, by Cherokee Line, Troy, Field's Cross-Roads, Freemansville, and Hickory Flat, to Canton..From Saint Mary's, by Woodstock Mills, in Florida, to Center Village. From Sandersville, by Warthen's Store, to Long's Bridge. From Savannah, by Darien, Brunswick, Saint Mary's, Mayport Mills, in Florida, Yellow Blufft; Jacksonville, Mandarin, Hibernia, Middleburgh, and Picolata, to Pilatka, in Florida. From Savannah, by Gayton, Egypt, Halcyon Dale, Ogechee, Scarborough, Millin, Midville, Holcomb, Spear's Turn-Out, Davisborough, Tennille, Oconee, Emmett, McDonald, Gordon, and Griswoldville, to Macon. From Savannah, by Riceboro', and South Newport, to Darien. From Seward, by Mount Vernon, to Battleground. From Social Circle, by Brick Store, and Newborn, to Ebenezer. From Social Circle, by Monroe, Good Hope, High Shoals, and Watkinsville, to Athens. From Social Circle, by Newborn, to M3onticello. From Sparta to Tennille. From Sparta to Mount Zion. From Spear's Turn-Out to Battle Ground. From Spear's Turn-Out to Louisville. FIrom Spring Place to Ball Ground.:From Statenville to Valdosta. From Stephensville to Dublin. From Stone Mountain, by Pinckneyville, to Warsaw. From Stone Mountain, by Sweetwater, Yellow River, Lawrenceville, Cain's, and Hog- Mountain, to Gainesville. From Sugar Hill, by Cobbsville, to Jacksonville. From Swainsboro', by Ohoopee, to Reidsville. From Swayne's Store to Waresboro'. From Talbotton, by Reabone, to Hootensville. F'rom Tennille, by Irwin's Cross-Roads, and Back Eye, to Dublin. From Tennille to Rick's Mills. ZFrom Tennille to Mount Vernon. From Tennille to Sandersville. From Thomasville to Bainbridge. From Thomasville, by Boston, Grooverville, and Stanton, to MIonticello, in Florida. IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 45 From Thomasville, by Dekeb's Store, and Glasgow, to Monticello, in Florida. From Thomasville, by Eastwood, to Mliccosukee, in Florida. From Thomasville, by Okapilco, and Morven, to Troupville. From Thomasville, by Tatesville, and Greenfield, to Ockloclkney. From Thompson to Lincolnton. From Thompson, by Wrightsboro', Raysville, Winfield, Appling, and White Oak, to Thompson. From Toomsborough, by Milburn, Stephensville, and Cool Springs, to Laurens Hill. From Trader's Hill to Tebeanville. From Troupville, by Clyattsville, to Bellville, in Florida. From Troupville, by Griffin's Mills, Flat Creek, and Edenfield, to Erwinsville. From Troupville, by Piscola, and Cherry Lake, in Florida, to Madison Court-House. From Tunnel Hill to Dirt Town. lFrom Union Point, by Public Square, to Philomath. From Union Point, by Woodville, Bairdstown, and Maxy, to Athens. From Valdosta, by Ashley Lawson's, to E. J. Williams'. From Valdosta, by Hahira, Berry, Wells, and Ava, to Moultrie. From Valdosta, by Long Pond, and Swilley's Store, to Jennings, in Florida. From Vernon, by Antioch, Wehadkee, in Alabama, Rock Mills, Roanoke, and High Pine, to Weedowee. From Vienna, by Pennsboro', and Hahira, to Troupville. From Vienna to Vineyard. From Villa Rica, by Burnt Stand, Tallapoosa, Oak Level, in Alabama, and Rabbit Town, to Jacksonville, in Alabama. From Villa Rica to Flint Hill. From Villa Rica, by Pleasant Vale, Etna, and Cedartown, to Cave Spring. From Villa Rica, by Pumpkin Vine, and Dallas, to Powder Springs. From Villa Rica to Van Wert. From Warrenton, by Gibson, to Fenn's Bridge. From Waresboro' to Holmesville. From Waresboro' to Irwinville. From Waresboro', by Kettle Creek, to Centreville. From Waresboro' by Ocean Wave, to Fredonia. From Waresboro', by Saint Illa, Holmesville, Piney Head, Stafford's Ferry, and Watermelon, to Reidsville. From Washington, by Baker's Ferry, to Elberton. From Washington to Centreville. From Washington, by Danburg, Petersburg, Calhoun's Mills, in South Carolina, and Lebanon, to Abbeville, in South Carolina. From Washington to Lincolnton. From Washington, by Mallorysville, Fish Dam, and Indian Hill, to Elberton. From Washington to Rehoboth. From Way's Station, by Ellarby's Store, Valentine Gill's, William Kennedy's, and Harrill's Store, to Statesboro'. From Winchester, by Minerva, to Horse-Head. From White Sulphur Springs, by Warm Springs, and Quito, to Bellevue. From Young Cane, by Stock Hill, Tekenetely, and Carticay, to Talking Rock. IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. Illinois. From Albion, by Bone Gap, to West Salem. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Albion, by New Massillon, and Enterprise, to Salem. 230, v. 10, pp. 511From Albion to Buxton. 522. 46 POST-ROADS. 3 March, 1855, c. From Alton, by Harris, and Woodburn, to Bunker Hill. 211, v 10o, p. 709. From Alton, by Newbern, Grafton, Deer Plain, Neras, Monterey, 18 Aug.; 1856,. Harden, Gilead. and Hamburg, to Belleview. 168, v. 11, pp. 125, Iae 126. From Alton, by Ridgely, Paddock's Grove, and Old Ripley, to Green3 March, 1857, e. ville. 109, v. 11, pp. 234, From Alton, by Upper Alton, Edwardsville, Marine, Highland, James14 June, 1858, ~. town, and Shoal Creek, to Carlyle. 162, v. 11, pp. 341, From Antioch, by Liberty, to Salem, in Wisconsin. 342. From Appleton, by Mount Iawkins, Pinkneyville, Galum, and Car27 Feb., 1861, C. ment's Prairie, to Steel's Mills. 51756. 1 155, From Apple River Station, by Shutesburgh, New Diggings, and Ben2 June, 1862, c. ton, to Platteville, in Wisconsin. 95, v. 12, p.414. From Argo, by Morrison road, in York, and Baker's Spring, in the 14 July, 1862, c. town of Union Grove, to.Morrison. 171, v. 12, p. 573. 24 Feb., 1863, C. From Argyle to Colchester.. 55, v. 12, p, 662. From Athens, by Yankee Hill, Walker's Grove, Quiver, and Liver30 June, 1864, c. pool, to Canton. 175, V. 13, pp. 316, From Atlanta, by Mount Hope, Armington, and Mackinaw, to Wash317. 3 March, 1865, c. ington. 104, v. 13, pp. 5s22, From Auburn, by Waverly, to Alexander. 523. 6 From Aurora, by Batavia, Geneva, Saint Charles, and Clinton, to 18 July, 1866, c. Elgin. 26 July, 1866, c. From Aurora, by Sugar Grove, Big Rock, Little Rock, Somonauk, 267, v. 14, pp. 282, Ross Grove, Shabbonas Grove, Van Buren, East Paw Paw, Paw Paw 283. Grove, Lee Centre, and China, to Dixon. 192 March, 187, 5. From Aurora, by Wheatland, and TamorackI, to Plainfield. 152. From Avon, by Greenbush, to Monmouth. 30 March, 1868, c. From Batavia, by Blackberry, and Kanesville, to Grouse. 35, v. 15, pp. 46, 47. From Bath to Summuxm. 25 July, 1868, c. From Baxton to Chatsworth. 244, v. 15, pp. 188, 189. From Beaverville, by Donovan, to Iroquois. 3 March, 1869, c. From Bedford to Pearl. 131, v. 15, p. 328. From Belle Prairie, by Sailor's Mills, to Fairfield. 30 April, 1869, C. From Belvidere, by Beaver, Roscoe, Harrison, Washburn, Lincoln, 5 March, 1870, c. Harvard, Rock Run, Buena Vista, McConnel's Grove, Louisa, Warren, 22, v. 16, p. 70. and Gratiot, to Shullsburg. 14 July, 1870, c. From Belvidere, by Caledonia Station, Beloit, in Wisconsin, Bass 273,v. 16, p. 282. Creek, Footville, Evansville, and Oregon, to Madison. 28 Feb., 18711 c. 101, v. 16, p. 462. From Belvidere, by Genoa, Sycamore, Lost Grove, Swan Grove, and 20 April, 1871, c. Somonauk, to Ottawa. 28, V. 17, p. 17. I From Belleville to Coloma. 16 Jan. 1877 2 C.' From Belleville, by Fayetteville, Mud Creek, Marissa, Sparta, Grand 14 May, 1872, c. Cato, Prairie, Pinckneyville, Nine Mile Prairie, Duquoin, in Iowa, and 159, v. 17, p. 104. Little Muddy, to Mount Hopkins. 10 June, 1872. C. From Belleville, by Millstadt, to Columbia. 427, v. 17, pp. 383, From Belleville, by Shiloh, to Lebanon. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bement, by Mackville, and Reuben, to Arcola. 255, v. 17, p. 588. From Benton, by Aiken, Lane's Cross-Roads, and Griswold, to New Haven. From Benton, by Frankford, to Marion. From Bernadotta to Ipava. From Bethel, by Concord, and Arenzville, to Beardstown. From Blackberry to Hustling's Station. From Bloomington, by Atlanta, Postville, Springfield, Lick Creek, Chatham, Auburn, Verdon, Girard, Prairie Station, Carlenville, Plainview, Macoupin, Shipman, Brighton, and Godfrey, to Alton. From Bloomington to Brook's Grove. From Bloomington, by Cheney's Grove, Baxton, and Blue Grass, to Danville.'From Bloomington, by Delta, Le Boy, Santa Anna, and Mahomet, to Urbaina' IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 47 From Bloomington, by Kickapoo, and Old Town Timber, to Cheney's Grove. From Bloomington to Paxton. From Bloomington, by Pekin, Canton, Macomb, Carthage, and Warsaw, in Illinois, to Keokuk, in Iowa. From Bloomington, by Roger's Farm, Padua, Senex, Cheney's Grove, Sedom, Lodi Station, Point Pleasant, North Fork, Jordan, and Poolsville, to Lafayette. From Bloomington, by West Wood, Eureka, Woodford, and Metamora, to Spring Bay. From Bridgeport, by Charlottesville, and New Hebron, to Robinson. From Brighton, by Piasa, Fidelity, Rhoda's Point, Rockbridge, Fayette, Greenfield, Athensville, and Zion, to Jacksonville. From Brookville, by Buffalo Grove, Barclay, and Genesee Grove, to Clyde. From Bruceville to Streator. From Buffalo Grove, by Brooksville, White Oak Grove, and Crane's Grove, to Freeport. From Bushnell, by M3arietta, Table Grove, Vermont, Astoria, Browning, and Frederick, to Beardstown. From Cairo, to Charleston, in Missouri. From Cairo, by Santa F6, Thebes, and J. E. McArete's, to Jonesborough. From Cairo, by Smithland, Santa F6, Thebes, and Thompson's Ferry, to Cedar Creek Landing. From Cairo to Vienna. From Caledonia, by Valley Forge, Unity, and Santa F6, to Commerce. From Caledonia, by Walbridge, to Thebes. From Caledonia Station, by Precinct, Poplar Grove, Park's Corners, Burton's Corners, South Grove, in Wisconsin, and Darien, to Delavan. From Cambridge, by Lynn, to Centre Ridge. From Camp Point, by Houston, James Sales, in two north, range seven west, Big Neck, Woodville, Chili, West Point, and James Rankin's, to Warsaw. From Carbondale, by Jacob Millikin's, and Willard's Ferry, to Jack son, in Missouri. From Carbondale to Pully's Mill. From Carbondale, by Urbana, J. A. Williams', and Caleb Lyrely's, to Jackson, in Missouri. From Carlinville, by Edwardsville, to Collinsville. From Carlinville, by Honey Point, Shirleyville, Hillsboro', Francisco, Hurricane, Vradalia, and Foster, to Salem. From Carlinville, by Moultonville, Mount Olive, Prairie Farm, Staunton, Taluca, Alhambra, Marine, and Saint Jacob, to Lebanon. From Carlinville, by Otter Creek, Greasy and Chapman's Point, to Waverly. From Carlinville, by Rhodes Point, Fidelity, and Jerseyville, to Harden. From Carlyle, by Beaver Creek, Greenville, Elm Point, and Bear Creek, to Hillsboro'. From Carlyle, by Crooked Creek, Centralia Station, and Walnut Hill, to Mount Vernon. From Carlvle, by Germantown, and Looking Glass, to Mascoutah. From Carmargo, by Mniller's Store, to Cherry Point City. From Carmi, by Burnt Prairie, Fairfield, New Franklin, and Hickory Hill, to Salem. From Carmi, by McLeansboro', to Benton. From Carrollton, by Apple Creek, Brouse's, Bedford, Montezuma, Milton, and Lima, to Pittsfield. From Carrollton, by Letcherville, Greenfield, Fayette, and (Chesterfield, to Carlinville. From Carrolton to New Bedford. From Carrolton, by Pearl and Monument, to Pleasant Hill. 48 POST-ROADS. From Carrollton, by Pioneer, Bluffdale, Bissell, Belleview, Pleasant Hill, Atlas, Rockport, and Pleasant Vale, to Kinderhook. From Carrollton, by White Hill, Breese, and Glasgow, to Winchester. From Carthage to Appenoose. From Carthage, by Charles Abbott's, and John Ruth's, to Dallas City. From Carthage to Fountain Green. From Carthage, by Jacob K. Jacob's Store, Durham, and McQueen's Rill, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Carthage, by McGary's, Pilot Grove, La Harpe, and Blandinsville, to Muddy Lane. From Carthage to Nauvoo. From Carvin, by Roland, and Elba, to Equality. From Casey, by Greenup, to Elffingham. From Cass, by Barber's Corners, Dupage, and Wheatland, to Oswego. From Catlin to Chilicothe. From Cedar Bluff, by Mount Pleasant, to Moscow. From Centreville to Mahomet. From Cerro Gordo, on the Great Western Railroad, to Lovington. From Channahon, by Kankakee, Wilmington, Rockville, and Bourbannais, to Momence. From Charleston, by Arno Station, Fuller's Point, and Sullivan, to Decatur. From Charleston, by Ashley, Martinsville, Melrose, and Sacton, to York. From Charleston, by Gruel's Lake, Fork, Monticello, and Mount Pleasant, to Bloomington. From Charleston, by Hermitage, Bourbon, and Monticello, to Clinton. From Charleston, by Long Point, to Teutopolis. From Charleston, by Olny, New Massillon, Albion, and Grayville, to New Harmony, Indiana. From Charleston, by Saint Omer, Oakland, Bushy Fork, and Upper Embarrass, to Urbanna. From Charleston, by Sullivan, to Decatur. From Charleston, by Westfield, Margaretta, and Dalston, to Marshall. From Chatham, by Lick Creek, Waverly, Locust Spring, Cummington, and Hoover's Point, to Carlinville. From Chebanse to Eldridgeville. From Cheona, by Fairbury, to Douglas City. From Chester, by Jones' Creek, Murphysboro', Urbana, Toledo, Jonesboro', and Unity, to Cairo. From Chester, by Kaskaskia, Prairie de Roche, Waterton, and Columbia, to Saint Louis. From Chester to Red Bud. From Chester, by Steeles' Mills, Sparta, Elkhorn, Nashville, Richview, Walnut Hill, and Mount Zion, to Salem. From Chester, by Steuben and Worthington, to Murphysboro'. From Chicago, by Batavia, Aurora, Oswego, Bristol, Plano, Somonauk Depot, Earlville, Mendota, La Salle, Tonica, Wenona, Minonk, Panalo, Kappa, Hudson, Bloomington, Wapella., Clinton, Maroa, Decatur, Macon, Moweaqua, Tacusah, Pana, Temorah, Oconee, Vandalia, Patoka, Sandoval, Centralia, Richview, Dubois, Duquoin, De Soto, Makanda, Jonesboro', and Ullin, to Cairo. From Chicago, by Bridgeport, Brighton, Summit, Willow Springs, and Des Plains, to Lamonte. From Chicago, by Geneva, Blackberry, De Kalb Centre, Jefferson Grove, Lane, Dixon, Sterling, Como, Union Grove, Fulton, Lyons, Iowa, and Tipton, to iowa City. From Chicago, by Jefferson and Maine, to West Wheeling. From Clhicago, by Jefferson, Niles, West Northfield, Wheeling, HalfDay, Libertyville, Warrenton, Waukegan, Willington, Otsego, Kenosha, in Wisconsin, Racine, and Oak Creek, to Milwaukie., TN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 49 From Chicago, by Lyons, Lyonsville, Cass, Littlecask, Long John, Plainfield, Plattville, Lisbon, Halderman's Grove, and Norway, to Ottawa. From Chicago, by Waukegan, Kenosha, and Racine, to Milwaukie, in Wisconsin. From Chicago, by Noyesville, College Hill, Babcock's Grove, Danby, Wheaton, Winfield, Junction, Wayne, Clintonville, I!gin, Rutland, Huntley's Grove, Union, Marengo, Garden Prairie, Belvidere, Cherry Valley, Rockford, Pecatonica, Freeport, Eleroy, Lena, Louisa, Nora, Warren, Scales Mound, Council Hill, Galena, Menominee, and Dunlieth, to Dubuque. From Chicago, by Ridgeville, New Frier, Port Clinton, and Oak Hill, to Waukegan. From Chicago, by Thornton Station, Rich, MIonee, Manteno, Kankakee Depot, Ashlum, Onarga, Lodi, Rantoul, Urbana, Pesotum, Neoga, Arno, Oakaw, Wehunka, Edgwood, Fairina, Tonti, and Odin, to Centralia. From Chicago, by Worth, Makena, New Lenox, Joliet, Sandy lLidge, Morris, Marseilles, Ottawa, Utica La Salle, Peru, Tiskilwa, Sheffield, Genesee, and Moline, to Rock Island. From Chili to Bowensburg. From Chili, by Northfield, and Kossuth, to Warsaw. From Chillicothe, by Northampton, Long Ridge, and Valley PostOffice, to Wyoming. From Chittenden, by Little Muddy, and Osage, to Fredonia. From Claremont, by Stringtown, Chauncey, and Hardinsville, to Robinson. From Clarksville to Pleasant Hill. From Clermont, by Stringtown, and St. Mary's, to Newton. From Clifton, by Eden, and Rogers, to Pontiac. From Clinton, by Nixon, to Monticello. From Clinton, by Waynesville, to Atlanta. From Clinton, by Waynesville, New Castle, Eminence, and Big Prairie, to Delavan. From Clifton, by L'Erable, and Martinton, to Middleport. From Clyde to Union Grove. From Colchester to Fandon. From Columbus, by Bethany, to Liberty. From Columbus, by Houston, Elm Grove, Huntsville, and Brooklyn, to Doddsville. From Cottage Hill, by Addison, and Bloomingdale, to Ringgold. From Crawfordsville, by Jacksonville, Harveysburg, Lodville, Eugene7 Georgetown, Indianola, Hickory Grove, and New Albany, to Piscatum Station. From Dakota, by Rock Grove, to Broadhead, in Wisconsin. From Danville, by Pilot, Higginsville, Ten Mile Grove, Oliver's Grove, and Avoca, to Pontiac. From Danville, by Rossville, and Blue Grass, to Paxton. From Danville to Reesville. From Decatur to N. M. Brown's. From Decatur, by Hopewell, Swingston, Hermitage, Neoga Station, Oakland, and Embarrass Point, to Paris. From Decatur, by Mount Zion, Lovington, and Union Store, to Sullivan. From Decatur to Newburg. From Decatur, by Sullivan, Cochran's Grove, Big Spring, and Ewington, to Wehunka Station. From De Kalb Centre, by Broadie's Grove, Jefferson Grove, Lafayette Grove, Kyte River, Ogle, and Taylor, to Grand Detour. From IDe Kailb to Dorset. From De IKalb Centre, by Lost Grove, Line, Swinton, New Virgil,and W~illiamsburg, to De Kalb Centre. R S III —- -4 50 POST-ROADS. From Dement Station, on the Chicago, Fulton and Iowa Railroadl, thence northerly on or near the county-line between Ogle and De Kalb Counties, by Hick's Mills, to Cherry Valley. From Dixon, by Buffalo Grove, Eagle Point, Elli Horn Grove, Rock Creek, lMount Carroll, Derinda, and Avery, to Galena. From Dixon, by Grand Detour, Nashua, Oregon, Byron, Hall, New Milford, Elida, Kishwaukee, Rockford, Harlem, Roscoe, and Riockton, to Beloit. in Wisconsin. From Dongola to Thebes. From Dundee, by Barrington, Flint Creek, Lake Zurich, Gilmer, and Libertyville, to Waukegan. From Dunleith, by Fairplay, Jamestown, Big Patch, and Swetzer's Grove, to Platteville, in Wisconsin. From Dunleith, by Potosi, Cassville, and Patchgrove, to Prairie da Chien, in Wisconsin. From Dupage, by East Wheatland, to Plainfield. From Duquoin to Benton. From Duquoin, by Forest Hill, Willis Grove, and Denmark, to Steel's Mills. From Duquoin, by Vergennes, and Ava, to Chester. From Earlville, by La Clair, East Paw Paw, Paw Paw Grove, Willow Creek, Story, Brodie's Grove, and Lindenwood, to Killlbuck. From Eddyyille, by Stonefort, to Sarahville. From Edwardsville, by Alhambra, to New Douglas. From Edwardsville, by Lamb's Point, Rising Sun, Bond's Point, Taylorville, and Stonington, to Decatur. From Edwardsville, by Prairietown, to Bunker Hill. From Edwardsville to Troy. From Elgin, by Dundee, Algonquin, Crystal Lake, Elysium, Woodstock, Hartland, Brookdale, Dunham, Chemung, Parl's Corners, and Hunter, to Beloit, in Wisconsin. From Elgin, by Burlington, to Sycamore., From Elgin, along Fox River, to Aurora. From Elgin, by Geneva, in Wisconsin, to Elk Horn. From Elgin, by New Plato, Udina, Pingree, 1Hampshire, and Harmnony, to Coral. lFrom Elizabeth, by Avery, Guilford, Scale's Mound, White Oak Springs, andc New Diggings, to Shullsburghb in Wisconsin. From Elkhart to Sweet Water. From Elmore, by West Jersey, to Jordan. From Empire, by Mount Prospect, Genesee Grove, and Milledgeville, to Elkhorn Grove. From Emporium City to Villa Rtidge. From Equality, by IHarrisburgh, and M3arion, to Carbondale. From Equality, by Cave-in-Rock, to M3arion, in IKentucky. From Erie, by Kingsbury, to Morrison. From Erie, by Spring Hill, Jefferson's Corners, Yorktown, Winnebago, Truxton, and Enon, to Princeton. From Farmington. by Middle Grove, Midway, Troy Mills, Saint Augustine, Greenbush, Roseville, New Lancaster, Ellisouville, Alena, and Hopper's Mills, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Farmington, by Uniontown, Hermon, Abingdon, Berwick, Ellison, and Alena, to Hopper's Mills. From Fairfield, by Springerville, and Enfield, to Sacramento. From Fairfield to Flora. From Fairfieldl, by Marlan's Grove, and Enterprise, to Maysville. From Fayetteville to Elk Horn. From Floraville to HEecker. From Florence to Winchester. From Florence, by Winchester. to Manchester. From Fort Wayne, in Jncliana, by Rochester, tRensselaer, Lacon, Ton IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 51 ion, New Boston, Toolsboro', in Iowa, Wapella, mashington, Oskaloosa, Indianola, and Winterset, to Council Bluffs. From Frederick, by Browning, Sheldon's Grove, Bluff City, Marbletown, and Bendtown, to Lewiston. From Fredericksville, by Browningj and Sheldon's Grove, to Astoria. From Fredericksville, by Centre, Newberrytown, and Jasper, to IRipley. From Freeport, by Cedarville, Buena Vista, M3cConnellsville, and Oneco, to Monroe, in Wisconsin, and back, by Cadiz, Winslow, and Waddam's Grove, to Freeport. From Freeport, by Eleroy, Lena, and Nora, to White Oak Spring, in Wisconsin. From Freeport, by Jackson, Cherry Grove, and MIount Carroll, to Savannah. From Freeport, by Mill Grove, Yellow Creek, Hazlewood, IKent's, Ward's Grove, Plum River, or Derinda, to Galena. From Freeport, by Rock River, Howard and Harrison, to Rockton. From Fulton, by Henla, Union Grove, and Empire, to Sterling. From Galena, by Avery, Elizabeth, Derinda, and Hanover, to Galena. From Galena to Dunleith, by the Lower Road. From Galena, by Guilford, Thompson's Mill, and Rush, to Nora. From Galena, by Hanover, Portsmouth, Savannah, Argo, Bluffville, lFulton, Albany, Cordova, Port Byron, and Hampton, to Moline. From Galena, by South Hollow, to Dunleith. From Galesburg, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Galesburg, by Centre Point, Henderson, Ontario, Heath Land, Andover, and Morristown, to Green River. From Galesburg, by Granite, Ionia, Utah, Millersburg, Ferdinandcl, and Drury, to Muscatine. From Galesburgh, by Haw Creek, Maquon, Uniontown, and Middl6 Grove, to Farmington. From Galesburg to Oquawvka. From Galesburg, by Victoria, Lafayette, Toulon, Elmira, and Osceola, to Tiskilwa. From Galatia, by Locust Grove, Frankfort, and Mlulkeyton, to Duquoin. From Galva, by Bishop Hill, to Cambridge. From Gardner Station, on the Alton and Saint Lonis Railroad, to Tonica Station, on the Illinois Central Railroad. From Gardner, by Mazon, Highland, Vienna, and Bruce, to Tonica. From Georgetown, by Indianola, Palermo, Hickory Grove, Newman, and Camlargo, to Tuscola. From Georgetown to Yankee Point. F]rom G-irard, by Lanesville, to Litchfield. From Golconda, by Big Bay, to New Liberty. From Golconda, by Big Bay, New Liberty, and Brooklyn, to Metropolis. Flrom Golconda, by Bolton, and Sarahsville, to Marion. From Golconda, by Lusk, to Equality. From Golconda, by New Liberty, to Metropolis. F'rom Golconda, by J. R. Pott's, to Brooklyn. FIrom Golconda to Raleigh. From Golconda, by Rock, and Broad Oak, to Vienna. From Golconda, by Westonville, and Lusk, to Equality. From Grand Ridge Settlement, by Norton Township, Union Hill, Essex Township, Kankakee County, and Reid Township, to Wilmington. From Grayville, by Albion, Parker's, Fairview, Olney, Newton, and Green up, to Charleston. Froul Greenup, by Cedron, and Campbell, to Charleston. IFrom Greenup, by Paradise, to Cochran's Grove. From Greenulp, by Prairie City, and Neoga, to Shelbyville. IFrom Greenup, by Springville, to Republican. 52 POST-ROADS. From Greenville, by Cottonwood Grove, Pleasant Prairie, and Walshville, to Litchfield. From Grouse, by Kaneville, to Blackberry Station. From Hale to Palyne's Point. From Hamburgh, to St. Louis, in Missouri. From Hanover to Derindsa. From Hanover, by Derinda Centre, to Savanna. From Hardip, by News, Fielding, Jerseyville, and Fidelity, to Shipman. From Harrisburg to Carmi. From Harrisburg to Elizabethtown. From Havana, by Mason City, and Stephens, to Lincoln. From Havana, by Quiver, Pilot Hill, Long Point, and Allen's Grove, to Delavan. From Hennepin, by Floria, Caledonia, Ox Bow, and Mklgnolia, to Wenona Station. From Henry, by Lone Tree, and Arispee, to Tisliilwa. From Hickory Hill, by Keen eville, and Belle Prairie, to Mount Learnbare. From Hickory Hill to Xenia. From Hick's Mills to Cherry Valley. From Highland to Saline. From Hillsboro', by Woodsboro', Mount Kingston, Stanton, Bunker Hill, and Woodburn, to Shipman. From Holly, by Illinois City, Copper Creek, and Eliza, to New Boston. Frqm Hull's Station to Richllfield. From Huntsville to Putnam. From Hutton, by Diona, to Union Centre. From Hutsonville, by Annapolis, to Bell Air. From Hutsonville to Elkton. From Illinoistown, by Coulterville Station, to M3illstadt. From Indianola to Catlin. From Iroquois to Leadersville. From Jacksonville, by Arcadia,, to Beardstown. From Jacksonville, by Franklin, Waverly, Locust Spring, Cummington, and Hoover's Point, to Carlinville, From Jacksonville, by Indian Creek, Emerald Point, Rutshaway, Petersburgh, and Sweet Water, to AMiddletown. From Jacksonville, by New Bethel, Ben. H. Page's, A. H. Calvin's, Samuel B. Hodges, and Turkeytown, to Peter Wagnoni's. From Jacksonville, by Sandy, Manchester, Whitehall, Carrollton, Kane, Jerseyville, Delhi, and Godfrey, to Alton. From Jefferson, by Leyden Centre, and Leyden, to Sagone. From Jerseyville, by Jalapa, Letcherville, Greenfield, Athensville, and Scottsville, to Franklin. From Jerseyville, by Otter Creek, to Grafton. From Jerseyville, by Jersey Landing, Portage, and Des Sioux, to Saint Charles, in Missouri. From Joliet, by Grinton, and Seward, to Platteville. From Joliet, by Jackson Creek, and Reed's Grove, to Wilnington. From Joliet, by Lockport, to Plainfield. From Joliet to Oswego. From Joliet, by Selfridgeville, and Channahon, to Sandy Ridge. From Jonesboro', by Cane's Store, and Luth's Store, to York. From the depot of the Central Railroad, near Jonesboro', to Cape Girardeau, in Missouri. From Jonesboro', by Cypress Creek, to Metropolis City. From Jonesboro', by William Penwrod's, and Willard's Landing, to Jackson, in Missouri. iFrom Jonesboro', by Western Saratoga, Sugar Creek, and Bainbridgeo, to Mariou. From Jordan, to Marshfield, in Indiana. IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 53 From Junction, by Li-denwood, White Rock, and Payne's Point, to Oregon. From Junction to Saint Charles. From Kankakee to Dwight. From Kankakee, by Limestone, Hinosa, and Essex, to Gardiner. From Kankakee, by Limestone, Rinosa, and Essex, to Grundy. From Kankakee Depot, by Aroma, Mount Langumn, Democrat, and Courtright's Mills, to Iroquois. From Kankakee Depot, by Bloomfield, Pierce, and Wallingford, to Green Garden. From Kankakee Depot, by Bourbonnais Grove, to Rockville. From Kankakee Depot, by Laneburg, and Limestone, to Harle Creek. From Kankakee I)epOt, by Momence, to Yellow Head Grove. From Kankakee Dep6t, by tRinosa, Sammon's Point, and Farmer's Hlome, to Plato. From Kappa,; by Money Creek, Lexington, Selma, Indian Grove, Avoca, Pontiac, Sunbury, New Michigan, Eagle, and Farm Ridge, to Ottawa. From Kappa, by West Wood, Eureka, Woodford, and Metamora, to Spring Bay. From Kaskaskia, by. Ellis Grove, Preston, Risdon, Lewzburg, and Chewing, to Belleville. From Kaskaskia, by Ruma, Red Bud, and Prairie du Long, to Belleville. From Kiethsburg, by Pope Creek, and Hendersonville, to Knoxville, From Kiethsburg, by Sunbeam, Pope Creek, and Henderson, to Galesburg. From Knoxville, by the Fuquasa Settlemeritt, Robbins Farm, Red Oak Grove, and Cambridge Court-House, to Geneseo. From Knoxville, by Maquon, Fairview, and Independence, to Lewistonil. From Lane to Oregon. From Lanicaster Landing, by Timber, Brunswick, Farmington, French Creek, Elmore, Littletonville, Victoria, Walnut Grove, Bishop Hill, and Red Oak, to Cambridge. From Laconl by Shane's Point, and Robert's Point, to Magnolia. From Lacon, by Steuben, Lawn Ridge, and Valley, to Wyoming. From Lacon to Toulon. From Lacon to Wenona Station. From La lHarpe to Blandinsville. From Lamont, by Dupage, to Naperville. From La Salle, by Todd's Mills, Galloway, Hleading, Long Point, and Rook's Creek, to Pontiac. From La Salle, by Arlington, Lamoille, May Hill, Binghanapton, Shelburne, an'd Amboy, to Dixon. From Lawrenceville, by Old Farm, Flat Rock, and New Hebron, to Rtobinson. From Lawrenceville, by Petty's, Stringtgwn, Saint Marie, Newtown, and Rose Hill, to Greenup. From Lawrenceville to Robinson. From Lena, by Howardsville, Granville, Millville, Mount Summer, and Thatcher, to Baltimore. From Louis Kuder's to Rantoul. From Lewistown, by Cuba, Fiatt, and Ellisville, to Avon. From Lewistown, by Cuba, lFiatt, IEllisviile, and Troy Mills, to Saint Augustine. Froail Lewistown to Lincoln. From Leyden Centre, by Mainville, Elk Grove, Plum, Palatine, and Shaumbltrgh, to Barrington. From Lisbon, by Ohio Farm, to Au Sable. From Louisville to Xenia. From ILouisville to Maysville. 54 POST-ROADS. From Louisville, by Larkinsburg, Hickory Creek, and Four 3Mile Prairie, to Vandalia. From Louisville, by Xenia, KIeenville, and Long Prairie, to McLeansboro'. From Luda to New Milford. From Lyons, by Brush Hill, to Downer's Grove. From Lyons, by Summit, Willow Spring, and Lemont, to Lockport. From Macoinb, by Burnsville, Swan Creek, Roseville, Nlonmoutlh, Spring Grove, North Henderson, Pope Creek, Farlow's Grove, Preeruption, Pleasant Ridge, and Camden, to Rock Island. From Macomb to Canton. From Macomb, by Drowning Fork, Avon, Saint Augustine, Warrenton, and Abingdon, to Galesburg. From 3Macomb, by Drowning Fork, Virgil, Ellisville, and Fairview, to Farmin gton. From Macomb, by Johnson, Table Grove, I-pava, Vermont, and Astoria, to Bardstown. From Macomb, by Johnson, Table Grove, and Bernadotte, to Lewistown. From Macomb, to Plymouth, by the State Road leading from, Peoria to Quincy. From Makena, by Chelsea, Green Garden, Wallingsford, Pierce, Bloomville, and Bourbonnais, to Kankakee Depot. From Manchester, by Winchester, to Florence. From Manchester, by Vincester, and Oxville, to Naples. From Manteno, by Yellow Head Grove, to Sherburneville. From Maquon, by Elliott's Mills, Truro, and Victoria, to Walnut Grove. From Marengo, by Delavan, in WVisconsin, to White Water. From Marengo, by Riley, Ney, Genoa, Sycamore, De Kalb Centre, Lost Grove Swan Grove, Squaw Grove, and Somonauk, to BLuck 3ranch. From Marengo, by Rlomeo, Dunham, Big Foot, and Walworth, in Wisconsin, to Darien. From Marietta to Cuba. From Marion, by Fredonia, to De Soto. From Marion, by Harrisburg, to Shawneetown. From Marion, by M. F. Smith's, and Western Saratoga, to Jonesboro'. From Marissa to Coultersville. From ]larissa to Erie. From Marshall, by Fincastle, to Grand View. From Marshall, by Margaretta, and Westfield, to Charleston. From Marshall, by Salisbury, Campbell, and Springville, to Shelby. ville. Fi'om Marshall to York. From Martinsville to Bell Air. Fromn Mason, by Flemsburg, Winterrowd, and Gibson's Store, to Newton. From Mason, by Winterrowd, and Gibson's Store, to Newton. From Mattoon, by Cook's Mills, to Fuller's Point. From Mattoon to Majority. From iMattoon, by Paradise, and Greenland, to Vandalia. From Mattoon, by Sullivan, and Marrowbone, to Decatur. From 2Mattoon to Vandalia. From Maulding's Mills, by Hopkins Grove, Daw's Store, and Willian L. Britton's, to Benton. From MeLeansboro' by Belle Prairie, Long Prairie, and Keeneville, to Xenia. Fronm McLeansb3oro, by Buck, to Fairfield. From MIcLeansboro', by Keeneville and Belle Prairie, to Hickory Hill. Fromn MeLeansboro' to Liberty. From MlcLeansboro', by Lovilla, to Mount Vernon5 IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 55 From McLeansborol to Marion. From McLeansboro' by McLeansborol and Tamaroa Road, to Ewing. From McLeansboro', by the M1ill Shoals, to Fairfield. From McLeansboro', by Night's Prairie, Hall, and Webb's Prairie, to;Benton. From MccLeansboro,' by Rlector, to Equality. From McLeansboro', by Vickers' Precinct, to Equality. From Mendcota, by Perkins Grove, Lamoille, and Dover, to Princeton. From Mendota, by Princeton, and Weathersfield, to Galesburg. From Mendota, by Troy Grove, to Dimmick. From Mendota, by Troy Grove, O7id, Lee Centre, Franklin Grove, Taylor, Daysville, Lee, Fitz Henry, Stillwater, and Kishwakee, to Rocki ford. From M eredosia to Beardstown. From Metamora, by Low Point, and Washburn, to Lacon.!From Metropolis City, by Brooklyn, to Paducah, in Kentucky. From Middleport, to the nearest post-office on the Illinois Central amilroad. From MBiddleport, by Milford, Oxfordl, Brigham's Grove, and Montmorency, to Lafayette, in Indiana. From Middleport, by 3Tilford, Rio, North Fork, and Myer's Mills, to Danville. From Mliddleport, by Wool, Quitman, and Butler, to Urbana. From Milford, by Ash Grove, to Buckley. lFrom 1ill Shoals to;Belle City. From T oklena, by ]Hadley, to Gooding's Green. From M1okena, by H adley, Gooding's Grove, Palos, and Orland, to Moliokena. From M olineC by Brooklyn, Green River, Penny's Ferry, Sharon, Spring Hill, Portland, Prophetstown, and Coloia, to Dixon. From Moline, by Hampton, Port Bryon, Erie, Lyndon, Como, Sterling, andi Gap Grove, to Dixon. From Monmouth, by Denny, Little York, and Pope's Mills, to New 1oston. From Monmnouth, by Ellison, Raritan, and Bedford, to La Harpe. From Monmouth, by Grove Farm, and Olena, to Hopper's Mills. From 3ontezumra to Glasgow. From Monticello to Centreville. From Moore's Prairie, by Spring Garden, Daresville, and Williamsburg, to Ashley. From Moro, by Ridgely, to Prairie C:ity. From Morris, by Mazon, Clarion, and Fairmount, to Dwight..From Mlorris, by Lisbon, Halderman's Grove, Newark, Millington, and Ashbury, to Sandwich. From iMorris, by Lisbon, and Newark, to the station east of Lanmonack, on the Aurora Extension Pailroad. From Morris, Vanceborough, Ava, Rock Run, and Pock Grove, to Spring Grove. From MTound Junction to Mound City. From Mount Carmel, Friendsville, Mier, Ruark, and Olive, to Lawrenceville. From Mount Carmel, by Friendsville, Mier, Bon Pas, and Calhoun, to Olney. From Mount Carmel, by Gard's Point, Mill Prairie, Parkersburgh, and Fransonia, to Maysville.. From Mount Carmel to Hanover. From Mount Carmel, by New Hope, Albion, and Wabash, to Fairfield. From aMount Carmel, by Pleasant Valley, to Howardsville. From Mount Carmel, to Princeton, in Indiana. From Mount Carroll, by Argo, and Bluffville, to Fulton City. From Moutlt Carroll, by Fairhaven, to Genesee Grove. 56 POST-ROADS. From Mount Carroll, by Rock Creek, Elkhlorn, _Milledgeville, Genesee Grove, Mount Pleasant, New Genesee, and Emeline, to Sterling. From Mount Erie to Clay City. From Mount Morris to Buffalo Grove. From Mount Sterling, by Buckhorn, Walker's Neclk, George Peyton's, Liberty, Adams Post-Office, in Newton, and Payson, to Hannibal, il Missouri. From Mount Vernon, in Indiana, by Carmi, and Fairfield, to Xenia. From Mount Vernon to Keeneville. From Mount Vernon, by Long Prairie, to Fairfield. From Mount Vernon to Richview. From Mount Vernon to Xenia. From Murphysboro', by Blairsville, and Herring's Prairie, to Marion. From Murphysboro', by the Bluff Road, to Liberty. From Murphysboro', by Carbondale, to Marion. From Naperville to Copenhagen. From Naperville, by Warrenville, to Wheaton. From Naples, by Griggsville, Pittsfield, Barry, and Kinderhook, to Hannibal. in Missouri. Frorm Naples to Perry. From Naples, by Meredosia, Arenzville, and Virginia, to, Bath. From Nashville, by Raneysburg, Pinckneyville, and Vergennes, to Murphysborol. From Nashville, by Richview Station, Blissville, Mount Vernon, Black Oak, Maulding's Mills, and New Franklin, to Fairfield. From Nashville, by Sassafras Hill, and Beaman, to Carlyle. From Nauvoo, by Indianola, Pontoosuc, Dallas City, Shokokon, Har. per's Mills, Oquawka,, Keithsburg, and New Boston, to Millersburg. From New Bedford to Rock Falls. From New Boston, by High Point, Aledo, Viola, Oxford, and Bishop Hill, to Galva Station. From New Bremen. by Palos, and Summit, to Lyons. From New Erin, by Waddam's Grove, McConnell's Grove, Winslow, and Cady's, to NMonroe, in Wisconsin. From:New Harmony, in Indiana, by McLeausboro', Benton, Pleasant Shades, Mount Hawkins, Pinckneyville, Galum, and Steel's Mills, to COhester. From New Haven to Blenton. Froml Newport, in Indiana, to Ricge Farm. From Newton, by Elliottstown, to Mason. From Newton, by Pickwick, and Bible Grove, to Louisville. From Newton, by Willow Hill, Yale, Zero, and Johnson's Mills, to Martinsville. From Niles, by South Northfield, Northfield, Deerfield, and Emmett, to Waukegan. From Noysville, by Proviso, York Centre, Bonaparte, Lisle, Warrenville, and Big Woods, to Aurora. From Oakland, by Brushy Fork, Newman, and Palmer's, to Fairmount. From Oakland, by Greasy Point, and Rural Retreat, to Arcdia. From Oakley to Newburg. From Olney, by Ingraham Prairie, and Bible Grove, to lone. From Olney, by Onion Hill, Swanstown, Horton Hill South Muddy, and Elliottstown, to Effingham. d From Olney, by Onion Hill, Wakefield, and Ingraham, to-Mason. From Olney, by Saint Marie, and Newton, to a point on Eastern Branchb, Central Railroad. From Olney to Saint Marie. From Omnaha, by southampton, Young's Statiof. and Rtectorvillc, to Griswold. Froml Oneida to Woodhull. From Opdyke, by Harris Grove, to Webb's Prairie. IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 57 From Oquawka, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Oquawka, by Keithsburg, New Boston, and Millersburg, to Rock Island. From Oquawka, to McComb, by Coloma, Olena, Terre Haute, and Blandinsville. From Oregon, by Mount Mlorris, Adeline, and Crane's Grove to Freeport. From Oregon, by Paine's Point, and White Rock, to Lindenwood. From Ottawa, by Brookfield, Waupousie, and Mason, to Wilmington. From Ottawa, by Buck Creek, and Freedom to Earlsville. From Ottawa, by Dayton, Serena, Northville, Ashbury, and Pennfield, to Bristol. From Ottawa, by Ford's Comet, Prairie Centre, Ophir Centre, and Triumph, to Mendota., From Ottawa, by Norway, Mission Point, Newark, Pavillion, Mansfield, Bristol, Oswego, and Montgomery, to Aurora. From Ottawa, by Prairie Centre, Ophir, and No Grove, to Mendota. From Palestine, by Robinson, Elkton, Bell Air, and Hazeldell, to Greenup. From Palestine to Oldney. From Palestine, by Robinson, to Newton. Firom Panola Station, by Metamora, to Spring Bay. From Paris to Goshen. From Paris to Oakland. From Pecatonica, by Durand, Laona, and Avon, to Broadhead, Wisconsin. From Pekin, by Circleville, to Delevan. From Pekin, by Dillon, Armington, and Mount Hope, to Waynesville. From Pekin, by Kingston Mines, and Timber, to Canton. From Pekin, by Spring Lake, to Havana. From Pekin, by Tremont, Mackinaw, Stout's Grove, and Wilkesboro', to Bloomington. From Pekin to Washington. From Peoria, by Chillicothe, Lacon, Henry, Hennepin, Florid, and G~randville, to Tonica Station. From Peoria, by Farmington, Fairview, Ellisville, Macomb, Carthage, Chili, and Mendon, to Quincy. From Peoria,: by Farmington, Fairview, Ellisville,'MIacomb, Argyle, and Carthage, to Warsaw. From Peoria, by Little Detroit, Spring Bay, Partridge Creek, and Crow Creek, to Lacon. From Peoria, by Morton, and Painville, to Concord. From Peoria, by Mount Hawley, Southampton, Wyoming, Toulon, WNeathersfield, Burns, Geneseo, Sharon, Erie, and Kingsbury, to Fulton. From Peoria, by lWashington, and Eureka, to Kappa. From Peoria, by Washington, Metamora, Low Point, Washburn, Crow Meadow, Magnolia, Mount Palatine, Point Republic, Lowell, Tonica Station, and Deer Park to Ottawa. From Peoria, by'Wesley City, to Groveland. From Peru to Blue Grass. Fropm Peru, by Troy Grove, Paw Paw Grove, Shabbonas Grove, Cottonville, Bush7s Point, and Lacey, to Belvidere. From Pesotum to New Albany. From Pesotum, by Park's Mills, to Sadorus. From Petersburg, by Sweetwater, to Elkhart. From Pilot Grove to Denham. From Pincklneyville to Duquoin. From Pinckneyville, by Grand Coto Prairie, to Coulterville. From Pinckneyville to Sparta. Firom Pittsfield to Carrollton. From Pittsfield, by Griggsville, Perry, and Chambersburg, to Versailles. 58 POST-ROADS. From Pittsfield, by Martinsburg, and Pleasant Hill, to Clarksville. From Pittsfield, by Melton, to MXonIezuma. From Pittsfield, by New Hartford, Atlas, and Rockford, to Louisiana. From Pittsfield, to New London, in MissOuri. From Plainfield, by Naausay, to Oswego. From Plattville, by Kend-all, and Specie Grove, to Yorkville. From Plymouth, by Fountain Green, to La Harpe. From Polo, by Mount Morris, Oregon, and I)aysville, to Franklin. From Pontiac to Chatsworth. From Pontiac, by Roolk's Creek, and Nebraska, to Minonk. From Prairie City, by Arlowe, Burnsville, Job's Creek, and Mustean's Grove, to La Harpe. From Preston to Chester. From Princeton, to Tiskilwa, connecting with the Chicago and/c Burlington Railroad and the Chicago and Rock Island Railroad, by Wyannet, Buda, Nepouset, Dora,, Mendota, Sheffield, Geneseo, Rock Island, Trenton, Peru, and La Salle. From Princeton to Walnut. From Pulaski, by Elm Grove, Clayton, Walker's Neck, Buck Horn, and White Oak Springs, to Perry. From Quincy, by Burton, Liberty, Fairweather, Beverly, Belmont, New Salem, New Marysville, and Griggsville, to Naples. From Quincy, by Columbus, Camp Point, Clayton, Mounrt Sterling, Versailles, and Meredosia, to Jacksonville. From Quincy, by Mendon, Woodville, Chili, Ronugh and Ready, Carthage, Webster, Fountain Green, Friendship, and Argyle, to lIacomb. From Quincy, by Mill Creek, to Douglasville. From Quincy, by Millville, Kinderhook, Rockport, Atlas, Pleasant Vale, Pleasant Hill, Bayville, Fairview, and. Hamburg, to Hardin, and returning up the bottom-lands of the Illinois River to Shafer's Store, thence to Vedder, Newport, ilarpole's School-House, Bayville, and back on the same route to Quincy. From Quincy, to Palmyru, in Missouri. From Quincy, by Payson, and Richfield, to Barry. From Quincy, by Ursa, Marcelline, Lima, Rocky Run, Warsaw, and Hamilton, to Keokuk, in Iowa. From Raleigh, by Bankston, Independence, and Somerset, to Elizabethtown. From Raleigh, by H. Gardner's, W. N. Mitchell's, and Tho. Saunder's, to Marion. From Raleigh, by Griswold, to McLeansboro'. From Richmond, by Elgin, Clintonville Junction, and Cottage Grove, to Chicago. From Richmond, to Milwaukee, in Wisconsin. From Ridge Farm, by Indianola, New Homer, and Sidney, to Urbana. From Riley to Genoa. From Roaring Springs, by Liuton, to Murray. From Robinson, by Eaton, and Anderson, to Marshall. From Robinson, by Hardinsville, Chauncey, and Sumner, to Mier. From Robinson to Martinsville. From Robinson, by Oblong, and Willow Hill, to Newton. From Rock City, by Rock Grove, Josephine, and Shueyville, to Monroe. From Rockford, by New Milford, Kilbuck, and Lindenwoodi, to Lane. From Rock Island, by Camden Mills, Orion, and Cambridge to Bumrns. From Rock Island, by Camden Mills, Pleasant Ridge, Hazlet, Hamlet, Perryton, Aledo, High Point, New Boston, Keithsburg, Oquawka, Sagetown, Hopper's Mill, Shohoklen, Tinappity, D)allas. City, Pontoosuc, and Appanoose, to Fort Madison, in Iowa. From Rock Island, by Camden, Pleasant Ridge, and Millersburg, to Keithsburg. From Rock Island, by Camden, Prariefiiekl Ricahland Grovev MeridanU IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 59 Oxford, North Prairie, Henderson, Centre Point, and Galesburg, to Knoxville. From Rock Island to Centre Ridge. From Rock island, by Coal Town, Zuma, and Carver Creek, to Sterling. From Rock Island to Davenport, in Iowa. From Rock Island, by Dubuque, to Dunleith, in Iowa. From Rock Island to Galesburg. From Rock Island, by Geneseo, and Princeton, to Peoria. From Rock Island, by Pennsylvania, Orion, Morristown, and Andover, to Cambridge Court-House. Front Rock Island, by Pleasant Ridge, HTolley, Buffalo Prairie, Copper Creekl Eliza, New Boston~, Keithsburg, Oquawka, Hopper's Mill, Shokakon, Dallas City, Pontoosue, and Indianola, to Naunvoo. From Rock Island, by Pleasant Hidge, Holly, Buffalo Prairie, and Drury, to Muscatine, in Iowa. From Rockland, by Libertyville, Fremont, and Shields, to Forksville. Fromu Rockton, by Harrison, and Medina, to Laona. From H oclkton, by Laona, to Monroe. From Roclkwood to Ava. From Rossfieldcl, by Robin's Nest, Princeville, and Slackwater, to Wyoming. From Rushville, by Astoria, Vermont, Ipava, Otto, Lewistown, Fulton Centre, Canton, Farmington, and Trivoli, to Peoria. BFrom Hushville, by Camden, B roolyn, Huntsville, Pulaski, Augusta, Pllymouth, Saint Mary's, Elm1 Tree, Carthage, Warsaw, and Hamilton, to Keokuk, in Iowa. From Rushville, by Littleton, and Birmingham, to Plymouth. From Rushville, by Littleton, Doddsville, Grindstone, Macomb, and Blandinsville, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Rushville, by Hipley, to Mount Sterling. From Rushville, by Scott's Mill, Pleasant Ridge, Clayton, Bunt's Mills, Kingston, and Richland, to Hannibal, in Missouri. From Rushville, by Wilson's Ferry, to La Grange Bluff. From Sacramento, by Shadsville, and Young's Station, to South IH ampton. From Saint Charles, by Campton, and Ohio Grove, to Sycamore. Fromn Saint Charles, by Clinton, to Elgin. From Saint Charles, by King's 1'lills, Berkshire, Burlington, West Burlington, New Lebanon, Genoa, Lacey, Kingston, North Kingston, Blood's Point, and South Prairie, to Cherry Valley. From Saint Elmo, by Hickory Creek, and Lester, to Patoka. From Saint Jacob's to Alhambra. From Saint Mary's to Fountain Green. From Salem, by Foxville, to Hickory Hill. From Salem to MeLeansboro'. From Salem, by Mount Liberty, Bishop's Mill, Larkinsburg, and Veni, to Ewington. From Salem, by Racoon, Romes MountVernon, Spring Garden, Ewing, Benton, Franklifort, Lake Creek, Marion, Sulphur Springs, Vienna, and George's Creek, to Metropolis City. From Savanna, by Baker's Spring, to Morrison. From Savanna, by Sabula, Maquoketa, Anamosa, and Marion, in Iowa, to Cedar Rapids. From Scott, by Vienna, Wa-upousie Grove, and Morris, to Mazon. From Seneca, by Scott, to Sunbury. From Serena to Ottawa. From Shabbonas to Malta. From Shawneetown, by Bay Cross-Roads, Mount Airy, Vienna, Mount Pleasant, Jonesboro', and Clear Creek Landing, to Girardeau, From Shawneetown, by Crawmford, to South Hampton. 60 POST-ROADS. From Shawneetown, along the middle road, known as the Cypress Road, to David Keasler's. From Shawneetown, by Equality, Raleigh, Dorrence, Cave, Benton, Crittenden, Pleasant Shade, Mount Hawkins, Ranesburg, Nashville, Plum Hill, Akin, and Mascautah, to Belleville. From Shawneetown, by Poland, Duncanton, Rattle Snake, McLeansborol, Palo Alto, and Moore's Prairie, to Mount Vernon. From Shawneetown, by Saline Mines, Martha Furnace, Elizabethtown, Rosinclaire, and Rock Qua rry, to Golconda. From Shelby, by Coal Spring, Jericho, and Van Buren, to Greenville. From Shelbyville, by Cochran's Grove. Bethsaida, Arno, Charleston, JTitesville, Grand View, Paris, Eldridge, New Market, and Saint Mary's, to Terre:Haute. From Shelbyville, by Ewington, aund Stringtown, to Newton. From Shelbyville, by Fruit Hill, Cold Spring, Beck's Creek, Bowling Green, and Higgan's, to Vandalia. From Shelbyville, by Holland, Accommodation, and Moccasin, to Freemanton. From Shelbyville, by Stone Coal, Woodlawn, Pana Station, Audubon, and East Forkl to Hillsboro'. From Shelbyville, by Todd's Point, and Prairie House, to Moawequa. From Shelbyville, by Todd's Point, to Marrowbone. From Smithton, by Floraville, to Waterloo. From Sparta, via Shiloh Hill, to Jones Creek. From Sparta, by Steel's Mills, Bradley, and Worthington, to Murphysboro'. From Sparta, by Texas, and Red Bud, to Waterloo. From Springfield, by Athens, Petersburg, and Chandlersville, to Beanstown. From Springfield, by Athens, Petersburg, PRobinson's iill, Bath, and Havana, to Lewistown. From Springfield, by Berlin, Orleans, Jacksonville, Bethel, and Exeter, to Naples. From Springfield, by Buffalo-Heart, Mount Pulaski,S! Clinton, and De Witt, to Santa Anna. F'rom Springfield, by Clear Lake, Mechanicsburg, Decatur, Oakley, Cerro Gordo, Monticello, Urbana, Saint Joseph's, Bomer, and Danville, to Covington, in Indiana. From Springfield, by Groveland, Delavan, Prairie Creek, and Middletown, to Peoria. From Springfield, by Horse Creek, and Bush Creek, to Virden. From Springfield, by Richland, Pleasant Plains, Lancaster, Virginia, Beardstown, Frederickville, and Pleasant View, to Rushville. From Springfieldl by Rochester, Taylorville, and Prairie Birdc to Shelbyville. From Springfield, by Salisbury, Petersburg, and Panther Creek, to Beardstown. From Springfield, by Salisbury, Petersburg, Panther Creek, and Chandlersville, to Beardstown. From Springfield, by Salisbury, Middletown, Prairie Creek, Delavan, JDillon, Pekin, Tremont, and Wesley City, to Peoria. From Springfield, by Shelbyville, Ewington, Stringtown, Newton, Saint Marie, and Lawrenceville, to Vincennes, in Indiana. From Springfield, by Taylorville, and Owaneco, to Pana. From Spring Hill, by Jefferson's Corners, Yorktown, Winnebago, Truxton, and Enon, to Princeton. From Staunton to Highland. From Sterling, by Union Grove, to Albany. From Sterling to Yorktown. From Sullivan, by Union Prairie, to Arcola. From Sullivan to Union Store. From Sycamore to De Kalb Centre. IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 61 From Sycamore, by Genoa, Riley, Marengo, and Durham, to Walworth, in Wisconsin. From Sycamore, by Genoa, North Kingston, and Blood's Point, to Belvidere. From Sycamore, by South Grove, to Hick's Mills. From Table Grove to Vermont. From Tamaroa, by Acton, and Spring Garden, to Moore's Prairie. From Tamaroa, by Winfield, to Spring Garden. From Terra Haute, in Indiana,, by Livingston, Marshall, Lodi, Martinsville, Casey, Greenup, Towertown, Woodbnry, Teutopolis, Wehunka Station, Ewington, Freemanton, Howardcs Point, Cumlberland, Vandalia, Mulberry Grove, Greenville, Pocahontas, Highland, Saint Jacob, Troy, and Collinsville, to Saint Louis, in Missouri. From Teutopolis to Veni. From Thornton Station, by New Bremen, Bremen, Palos, Orland, and Gooding's Grove, to Hadley. From Timber, by Brunswick, Farmington, French Creek, Elmore, Truro, Victoria, Walnut Grove, Bishop Hill, and Red Oak, to Cambridge. From Tiskilwa, by Providence, French Grove, Barren Grove, Burnside, Cambridge, East Cambridge, Andover, Meridian, Perryton, Millersburg, and New Boston, to Keithsburg. From Toulon, by Elmira, Osceola, and Neponset, to Sheffield. From Traverse City, by Munroe [Centre,] and Wexford, to Sherman, in Michigan.* From Trenton to Mascoutah.'From Tuscola to Mackville. From Urbana to Paris. From Union Grove, by Garden Plains, to Albany. From Vandalia, by Howard's Point, and Freemanton, to Effingham. From Virden, by Chapman's Point, Lewis Solomon's, Scottville, Athensville, Liberty School-house, and Dover, to Carrollton. From Vermont, by Marietta, and Virgil, to Avon. From Vermont, by Marietta, Lee Center, and Virgil, to Woodstock. From Vermont, by Table Grove, and Johnsoni's, to:Macomb. From Versailles, by Chambersburgh, and Perry, to Griggsville. From Vienna, by Ash Ridge, to Caledonia. From Vienna to Harrisburg. From Vincennes, in Indiana, by Lawrenceville, Black Jack, Claremont, Olney, Maysville, Xenia, Fredericktown, Salem, Odin Station, Sandoval Station, Carlyle, Trenton, Aviston, Lebanon, Shiloh, Belleville, French Village, and Illinoistown, to Saint Louis. From Vincennes, in Indiana, by Russellville, Vernon, Palestine, Huttonville, York, Darwin, Marshall, Big Creek, Paris, Bloomfield, Ridge Farm, Richardson, and Georgetown, to Urbana. From Vincennes, in Indiana, by Saint Francisville, HIershey's Mills, Armstrong, Mount Carmel, Rochester Mills, Graysville, Phillipstown, Carmi, and New Haven, to Shawneetown. From Virders to Taylorsville. From Virginia, by Berrytown, and Hagley, to Petersburg. From Wallingford, by Five Mile Grove, to Joliet. From Warren, by Greenvale, Ward's Grove, Stockton, Plum River, Derinda, and Elizabeth, to Hanover. From Warren, by Ward's Grove, to Mount Carroll. From Warsaw to Augusta. From Wvarsaw, by Monticello, and Nauvoo, to Montrose, in Iowa. From Washington, by Mackinaw, Little Mackinaw, and Armington, to Atlanta. From Waterloo, by Jamnes' Mills, and Eagle Cliffs, to Harrisonville. From.Waterloo to Red Bud. From VWaterloo, by Redl Bud, IRuma, Evransville, and Ellis Grove, to Chester. -*A Michiaon route. 62 POST-ROADS. From Waukegan, by Gage's Lake, HIainesville, Fort Hill, Forkville, Lamar, Merana, and Barreville, to Crystal Lake. From Waukegan, by lHainesville, Fort Hill, Forksville, McHenry, Ostend, Hartland, Brookdale, Woodstock, Dunham, Chemung, Boone, and Bonus, to Belvidere. From Waukegan, by Otsego, Newport, and Hickory, to Milburn. From Waukegan, by WVentworth, Angola, Antioch, English Prairie, Blevin's Mills, Solon's Mills, Richmond, Alden, Cogswell's, Big Foot Prairie, Burton's Corners, Wilmot, State Line, and IKossuth, to Beloit, in Wisconsin. From Webb's Prairie, by Henning's Store, to Moore's Prairie. From Wenona, by Struter, to Ottawa. From Westfield to Casey. From Weston, by Wood's Farm, Ellsworth, and Padua, to Le Roy. From West Wheeling, by Deer Grove, Ela Lake, Zurich, Waucoudcla, Lamar, McHenry, Ringwood, Hebron, Cogswell, West Hlebron, Tirade, in Wisconsin, and Walworth, to Delavan. From Williamsburg to Greenville. From Wilmington, by Mazon, Clarion, and Billing's Grove, to Pontiac. From Winnebago Depot to Fountaindale. From Winchester, by Exeter, to Bethel. From Winchester, by Exeter and Oxville, to Naples. From Winchester, by Florence, and Detroit, to Pittsfield. From Winchester to Manchester. From Woodstoclk, by Belden, to Union. iFrom Woodstock, by Erin, and Alden, to Big Foot Prairie. From Woodstock, by Erin, Highland Prairie, alnd West Hebron, to Geneva, in Wisconsin. From Woodstock, by Greenwood, Boone's Mills, Hebron, and Richmond, to Geneva, in Wisconsin. From Yellow Head, to Hanover, in Indiana. From Yorkville to Minooka. Indiana. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 3 Aug., 1854, 0.:From Acton to Clarksboro'. 230, v. 10, lop. 501, 511. From Albion, by Springfield Mills, Northfort, Walcott's Mills, Marcy, 3 March, 1855, c. Fly Creek, and Ontario, to Lima. 211, v. 10, p. 709. From Albion to Swan. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Alexandria, by Frostville, Independence, and Jones' Mills, to 168, v. 11, pp. 125, 126. Jerome. 3 March, 1857, c. From Alvarado to Hamilton. 109, v. 11, p. 234. From Anderson to Noblesville. 14 June, 1858 C. From Anderson, by Prosperity, to Alexandria. 27 Feb., 18I6, c. From Andersonville, by Richland, Milroy, Moscow, and Blue Ridge, 57, v. 12, p. 156. to Shelbyville. 2 June, 1862, c. From Annapolis, by Wright's Mills, Sylvania, Harveysburg, and Van v. 12, pp. 413, I) Dorn's Mills, to Covington. 14 July, 1862, c. From Arcadia to Duck Creek. 171, v. 12, p. 573. From Arno, by Stilesville, Hall, Eminence, and,Alaska, to Quincy. 24 Feb., 1863, 0. From Auburn, by Fairfield Centre, Turkey Creek, and Salem Centre, 55, v. 12, p. 662. to Flint. 30 June, 1864, c. 175, v. 13, p. 317. From Augusta Station, by Trader's Point, to Royalton. 3 March, 1865, c. From Aurora to Rising Sun. 104, v. 13,p. 5623. From Auror, by Wilmington, Sparta, Moor's Hill, Milan, and Pratts. 16, v. 14, p. 6. burg, to Delaware. 18 July, 1866, c. From Aurora, by Wilmington, Sparta, Moor's Hill, and Stringtown, 202, v. 14, p. 191. tO Versailles. 26 Jully, 1866, c. From Austin, by New Frankfort, Wooster, and Camargo, to Kent. 2 March, 1867, c. From Attica, by Rainsville, Andlrew Hixon's, and Pine Grove, to 191, v. 14, p. 552. Mlilford, in Illinois. IN THE STATE OF IzNDIANA. 63 From Attica, by Rob Roy, Coal Creek, Steam Corner, Harrisburg, 30 March, 1868, c. Wright's Mills, and Sylvania, to Annapolis. 35, v. 15, p. 46. From Bainbridge, by Groveland, Nlew Maysville, North Salem, and 244,v. 15p. 189.' Jamestown, to Lebanon. 3 March, 1869, c. From Beck's Mills, by New Retreat, to Salem. 131, v. 15, p. 328. From Bedford, by Bryantsville, Trinity Springs, and Dover Hill, to 10 April, 1869, c. 30, v. 16, p. 48. Fromlnt Pleasant. b L i5 aMarch, 1870, c. From Bedford, by Pinhook, Leesville, and Woodville, to Brownstown. 22, v. 16, p. 70. Froml Bennett's Switch to Waupecong. 14 July, 1870, c. From Bethel to IHolansburg. 273, v. 16, pp. 281, From Bethlehem, by New WVashington, and Oregon, to Lexington. 28 Feb., 1871, c From Birmingham to Niconza. 101, v. 16, p. 462. From Bloomfield to Buena Vista. 20 April, 1871, cc. From Bloomfield, by Hobbieville, to Owensburg. 27, 28, v. 17, p. 17. From Bloomfield, by Linton, to Carlisle. 6. v. 17, p. 25. From Bloomington, by Stamford, and Salisbury, to Bloomfield. 14 May, 1872, c. From Bloomington, by White Hall, to Point Commerce. 159, v. 17, p. 103. From Bloomington, by White Hall, Spencer, Vandalia, Bowling 10 June, 1872, C. Green, Christie's Prairie, and Wauhoo, to Terre Haute. 3 March, 1873, c. F'rom Bluffton, by Nottingham, Pennville, New Moiunt Pleasant, and 255, v. 17, p. 5s8. Deerfield, to Winchester. [From Bono, by Saltilloville, and Claysville, to Livonia. From Boonsborough to Lebanon, by Fayette, and Thornleysville. From Boonville, by Crowville, and Polk Patch, to Huntingburgh. From Bourbon, by Tippecanoetown, to Bloomingburgh. From Bourbon, by Tippecanoetown, Yellow Creek, Sebastopol, Akron, Gilead, Wheatville, and Chili, to Peru. From Bowling Green, by Belle Air, Anguilla, Lewis, and, Busseron's Mills, to Carlisle. From Bowling Green to Brazil. From Bowling Green, by Hausertown, to Point Commerce. From Bowling Green, by Jordan Village, and Santa F6e, to Gosport. From Bowling Green, by Plunge Creek, Lewis, and Siloa, to Carlisle. From Bremen, in Ohio, by Fort Recovery, Portland, and Camden, to Hartford. From Bremen, by Hepton, and Millward, to Leesburgh. From Bremen, by Hepton, and Milltown, to Etna Green. From Bridgeport to Ferdinand. From Bristol, ill Indiana, by Osborn's Corners, to Brownsville, in Michigan. From Brookville, by Blue Creek, Saint Peters, Herman, Milan, and Stringtown, to Versailles. From Brookville, by Blue Creekl, South Gate, St. Leon, Kelso, Logan, and Bright, to Lawrenceburg. From Brookville, by Oak Forest, Jenning's, Oldenburg, and Rossburg, to Greensburg. From Brookville, by Oak Forest, Jenning's, Oldenburg, and Rossburgh, to Wintersville. From Brookville to Sunmanville. From Brookville, by Wynn, Mount Carmel, Philanthropy, Ohio, Tariff, and Paddy's Run, to Ross. From Brown Point to Dyer Station. From DBrownstown, by Freetown, Houston, and Elkins, to Nashville. From Brownstown, by Freetown, Milo, and Christiansburg, to Nashville. From Brownstown, by Houston, to Bloomington. From Brownstown, by Mooney, to Bloomington. From Brownstown to Rockford. Erom Brownstown to Seymour. From Brownville, by Eureka, to Enterprise. From 13ruins Cross-Roads, by Bethany, and Russell's Mills, to Covington. 64 POST-ROADS, From Burlington, by New London, to Kokomo. From Cambridge, by Bentonville, Falmouth, Groves, Melrose, and Smelser's Mills, to Rushville. From Cambridge to Hagerstown. From Cambridge, by Jacksonburg, Hagerstown, Dalton, Blountsville, New Burlington, MuLncietown, Anthony, Wheeling, Trask, and Jonesboro', to Marion. From Cambridge, by Milton, Connersville, Everton, and Blooming Grove, to Brookville. From Cannelton to Anderson. From Cannelton to Paoli. From Carlisle, by Black Creek, Marco, Buck Creek, Newbury, Scotland, Pleasant Ridge, Owensburg, and Springville, to Bedford. From Carlisle, by Linton, to Worthington. From Carpentersville, by Faircastle, to Russellville. From Cartersburgh, by White Lick, Danville New Maysville, Carpentersville, Bainbridge, Portland Mills, Hollandsburg, Rockville, Armiesburg, and Montezuma, to Highland. From Centreville, by Bloomingport, to Lynn. From Centreville, by Green's Fork, Economy, and Trenton, to Winchester. From Charleston, by Hubbard, Vienna, Clarksborough, Little York, and Tampico, to Brownstown. From Charleston, by Jeffersonville, to Louisville, in Kentucky. From Charleston, by Sylvan Grove, Blue Lick, Chestnut Hill, South Boston, Salem, Texas, Bono, Lawrenceport, and Spring Mills, to Bedford. From Chestertown, by Jackson Centre, to Valparaiso. From Chili, by Wheatville, to Gilead. From Cincinnatus, by Stilesville, to Mount Washington. From Clarksburg, by New Salem, Rushville, Smelser's Mills, and Raleigh, to Lewisville. From Clarksburg, by Spring 1Hill, to Richland. From Clark's Hill, by Jefferson, to Frankfort. From Clark's Hill, by Lauramie, and Concord, to Romney. From Clinton, bv Jones, to Logan, in Illinois. From Clinton Lock, by Clinton Furnace, and Baldwinsville, in Illinois, to Paris. From Cloverdale to Spencer. From Coffee Creek, by Valparaiso, Porter Cross-Roads, Boon Grove, Hebron, Outlet, West Creek, Cedar Lake, Hickory Point, Winfield, Deep River, and Fillmore, back to Coffee Creek. From Colborn, by Pyrmont, and Prince William's, to Wild Cat. From Colfax, by Frankfort, to Michigantown. From Columbia, by Pampana, to Wolf Lake. From Columbus, by Bethany, New Bellsville, and Christiansburg, to Houston. From Columbus, by Jonesville, to Rockford. From Columbus, by Moor's Vineyard, Mount tHealthy, Milo, Mooney, and EIeltonville, to Bedford. From Columbus, by Taylorsburg, Nashville, and Unionville, to Bloomington. From Connersville, by Harrisburg, to Bentonville. From Corydon, by Salisbury, and Barren, to Milltown. From Corydon, by Sharp's Mills, to Leavensworth. From Coster's Cross-Roads to Boone Grove. From Covington to Stata Line. From Crawford-sville, by Darlington, Thornton, and Reese's Mill, to Kirl's Crvss-Roads. From Crawfordsville, by Greencastle, Ladoga, and Carpentersville, to Bainbridge. From Cramwfordsville, by Independence, and Pine Village, to Oxford. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 65 From Crawfordsville, by Jacksonville, Harveysburg, Lodiville, and Eugene, to Georgetown, in Illinois. From Crawfordsville, by Ladoga, to New Maysville. From Crawfordsville, by Pleasant Hill, Newtown, Rob Roy, and Atti. ca, to Williamsport. From Crawfordsville, by Sunny Side, Steam Corners, and Van Dorn's Mill, to Perrysville. From Crawfordsville, by Waynestown, Hillsboro', and Cole's Creek, to Covington. From Crown Point, by IMerrillsville, and Hobart, to Lake Station. From Cumberland to Oaklandon. From Decatur to Monroeville. From Decatur by Oakes, Bluffton, and the Salaimonia, to Warren. From Deerfield, by Boundary, and Salamonia, to Fort Recovery, in Ohio. From Deerfield, by Ridgeville, Emmettsville, Fair View, Albany, Granville, and Royton, to Wheeling, From Defiance, by Brunersburg, Farmer, Milo, Newville, Mount Hope, Auburn, Richland Centre, Lisbon, Irving, and Albion, to Noble IronWorks. From Delaware, by Prattsburg, Milan, Moor's Hill, Chesterville, and Sparta, to Wilmington. From Delphi, by Camden, Carroll, Crittenden, Galveston, Kokomo, Vermont, Greentown, Jerome, and Slash, to Marion. From Delphi, by Carrollton, and Lockport, to Burnettsville. From Delphi to Pittsburg. From Delphi, by Pittsburg, Carrollton, Lockport, Burnettsville, to Logansport. From Dublin, by New Lisbon, and Devon, to New Castle. From Dyer Station, by Saint John's, and Brunswick, to Outlet. From Edinburgh, by Nineveh, Hensley, and Morgantown, to Martinsville. From Edinburg, by Smitiland, Shelbyville, Manilla, and Swinehart, to Rushville. From Edwardsport, by Wheatland, and Nashville, to Hazelton. From Elizabetown, by Burnsville, Rock Creek, and Sardinia, to West Point. From Elizabethtown, in Ohio, by Harrison, Drewersburg, Philanthropy, in Ohio, Mixerville, Contreras, College Corner, in Ohio, and Goodwin's Store, to Beechy Mire. From Elizaville, by Millwood, to Noblesville. From Elkhart, by Bangor, and Mount Olive, to Lock. From Elkhart to Goshen. From Evansville, by Hickory Branch, to Mount Vernon. From Evansville, by Newburg, Lee, Boonville, and Midway, to Rockport. From Evansville, by Parker's Settlement, and Blairville, to New Harmony. From Evansville, by Sandersville, Warrenton, York, Princeton, Pa. toka, and Docker's Ferry, to Vincennes. From Evansville, by Saint Wendell's, to Cynthiana. From Evansville, by West Franklin, to Mount Vernon. From Fairland, by Cyrenius Bishop's, Roseburg's, Fountaintown, and Smith's, to Greenfield. From Fairmont to Jerome. From Farmland to Hagerstown. From Fillmore to Belle Union. From Flint to Orlandcl. From Florence to Warsaw. From Forest Grove, by Fish Lake, to Haw Patch. From Fort Ritner, by Leesville, to Heltonville. 1 S 111-5 66 POST-ROADS. From Fort Wayne, by Cedar, Leo, Spencerville, Newville, and Panama, in Ohio, to Saint Joseph's. From Fort Wayne, by Eel River, Cherubusco, Green, Wolf Lake, Burr Oak, Noble, Albion, Ligonier, Benton, and Goshen, to Elkhart. From Fort TVWayne, by Haller's Corners, Cherubusco, Merrien, Wolf Lake, Noble, Albion, Ligonier, and Benton, to Goshen. From Fort Wayne, to Liberty Mills, by the Manning and Tracy Settlements. From Fort Wayne, by New Haven, Antwerp, in Ohio, Junction, Defiance, Milldale, Florida, Napoleon, Durand, Texas, Providence, Waterville, and 1Maumee City, to Toledo. From Fort Wayne, by Ossian, to Bluffton. From Fort Wayne, by Perry, Butler, Auburn, De Kalb, Hamilton, Steubenville, Angola, Crooked Creekl, Kinderhook, in Michigan, and Ovid, to Cold Water. From Fort Wayne, by Perry, Swan, Avilla, Lisbon, Kendallville, Marseilles, South Milford, Mount Pisgah, Mongoquinnong, Ontario, and Lima, to Sturges, in Michigan. From Fort Wayne, by Poughkeepsie, Preble, Decatur, Canoper, Limber Lost, Bear Creek, Joy Court-House, Bluff Point, and Deerfield, to Winchester. From Fort'Wayne, by Rochester, Rensselaer, Lacon, in Illinois, Toulon, New Boston, Toolsboro7, WTapello, Washington, Oskaloosa, Indianola, and Winterset, to Council Bluffs, in Iowa. From Fort Wayne, by St. Joseph's, Harlan, and Hall's Corners, to Hicksville. From Fort Wayne, by Saint Vincent, and Oil Ridge, to Auburn. From Fort Wayne, Taw Taw, and Coesse, to Whitly Court-House. From Fort Wayne, by Warring, and Troy Settlement, to Liberty Mills. From Fort Wayne, by Zanesville, Markle, Warren, and Green Bush, to Marion. From Francesville to Winnemac. From Frankfort to King's Corners. From Frankfort, by Kirkland, Hillsboro', Berlin, and Tetersburg, to Tipton. From Frankfort, by New Brunswick, Elizabethtown, and Jamestown, to Reese's Mill, Lebanon, and Danville. From Franklin, by Bargersville, and Cope, to Martinsville. From Franklin, by Beardstown, and Bogstown, to London. From Franklin, by Far West, Mooresville, Monrovia, and Stilesville, to Springtown. From Franklin, by Oak Farm, to Elkinsville. From Franklin, by Trafalgar, and Morgantown, to Martinsville. From Freedom, by Arney, intersecting the present established route at Hauserville. From Freedom, by Newark, to Saulsbury. From Freeport, by Nicholas Kern's, and L. J. Reeve's, to Pleasant View. From Fulton, by Millville, to Kewanna. From Gentryville to Ferdinand. From Georgetown, by Indianola, Hickory Grove, and Upper Embarrass, to Pesotum Station. From Glen Hall, by West Point, Shawnee MIound, and Sugar Grove, to Farmers' Institute. From Goshen, by Middlebury, to White Pigeon. From Goshen, by New Paris, and Locke, to Plymouth. From Grand View, by Gentryville, Polk Patch, Plattsville, and Winslow, to Petersburg. From Grandvicw, by Newtonville, Buffaloville, Santa Claus, and MIorgan Hill, to Ferdinand. From Greencastle, by Eberle, Bainbridge, New Maysville, and North Salem, to Jamestown. IN THE STATE OP INDIANA. 67 From Greencastle, by Brunerstown, and Mansfield, to Rockville. From Greencastle, by Grubb's Mills, Portland Mills, Bellmore, Rockwell, and Armiesburg, to Montezuma. From Greencastle, by Mount Meridian, and Belle Union, to Eminence. From Greencastle, by Putnamville, Cataract, and Cuba, to Spencer. From Greencastle, by Russellville, Waveland, and Jacksonville, to Covington. From Greenfield, by Harrington, Columbus, Pendleton, and Mendon, to Edon. From Greenfield, by Mount Comfort, Germantown, Lawrence, Millersville, and Broad Ripple, to Augusta. From GreensbnLrg, by Clifty, Hartsville, Hope, and Newbern, to Columbus.:From Greensburg, by Kingston, Spring Hill, and Clarksburgh,l to AMetamora. From Greensburg, by Kingston, Spring Hill, Williamstown, and Moscow, to Milroy. From Greensburg, by Milford, to Hope. From Greensburg, by Millhousen, Napoleon, Delaware, North Hogan, Manchester, Wright's Corners, Lawrenceburg, Elizabetlhtown, Cleve's Dry Ridge, and Chevoit, in Ohio, to Cincinnati. From Greensburgh to Rushville. From Greensburg, by Spring Hill, to Richland. From Grovertown, by Knox, to San Pierre. From Hagerstown, by Dalton, Lozantville, Hewetts, Windsor, Parker, Fairview, and Quincy, to Camden. From Iagerstown, by Unionsport, to Macksville. From Hamilton, by Richlandcl York, Clear Lake, and Camden, to Reading, in Michigan. From Hamrick's Station to Poland. From 1Harrison, by Logan, Kelso, New Alsace, and Cork, to North Hogan. From Harrison, in Ohio, to Mount Carmel. From Hartford, by the most direct road, to Warren. From Hazelton to Allendale. From Hazelton to Petersburg. From Hillham, by Butler's Bridge, to Shoals. From Hillsborough to Jacksonville. From Hobbieville, by Bloomfield, and Linton, to Sullivan. From Hobbieville, by Buena Vista, to Harrodsburg. From Houston to Brownstown. From Huntingburg, by Bretzville, and Saint Anthony, to Schnellville. From Huntington, by Maysville, Warren, Montpelier, Blackford, and Franville, to Muncietown. FromI Huntington, by the Plank-road, to Liberty Mills. From Huntington, by Tracy, Murray, BlufftonD, Nottingham, Pennville, New Mount Pleasant, Deerfield, Mount Holly, Hill Grove, -and Mount Herron, to Greenville, in Ohio. From Indian Field to Kewvanna. From Indianapolis, by Augusta, Eagle Village, Northfield, Kirk'ls Cross-Roads, Michigantown, Middlefork, Burlington, Carroll, and Deer Creek, to Logansport. From Indianapolis, by Bridgeport, Plainfield, Cartersburg, Bellville, Clayton, Pecksburg, Morrisville, Cincinnatus, Coatsville, Greencastle, Putnamville, Manhattan, Reelsville, Harmony, Brazil, Staunton(,Yan Buren, and Cloverland, to Terre Haute. From Indianapolis, by Broad Ripple, Carmel, Eagletown. Boxley, Normanda, and Alto, to Kokoma. From Indianapolis, by Castleton, Noblesville, Cicero, Arcadia, Shielville, Tipton, Sharpsville, Kokomo, Pleasant Spring, Waupecong, ndl Palos, to Peru. 68 POST-RIOADS. From Indianapolik, by Clermont, Brownsburgh, Pittsboro', Jamestown, New Ross, and Mace, to Crawfordsville. From Indianapolis to Gosport, by Moorsville and Martinsville. From Indianapolis, by Greenfield, Knightstown, Raysville, Lewisville, Dublin, Cambridge, East Germantown, and Eaton, in Ohio, to Dayton. From Indianapolis, by Hampton, Danville, New Winchester, New Maysville, Bainbridge, Portland Mills, Rockville, and Armiesburg, to Montezuma. From Indianapolis, by Mooresville, to Monrovia. From Indianapolis, by New Bethel, Pleasant View, Brandywine, Shelbyville St. Omer, Greensburg, Herman, Cook, Guilford, and Lawrenceburg, to Cincinnati, in Ohio. From Thdianapolis, by Olive, Glen's Valley, Far West, Martinsville, and Bryant's Creek, to Bloomington. From Indianapolis, by Southport, Greenwood, Worthville, Franklin, Amity, Edinburg, Taylorsville, Columbus, Elizabethtown, Gannonsville, Scipio, Queensville, Vernon, Dupont, and North Madison, to Madison. From Indianapolis, by Spring Valley, Laudersdale, and Red House, to Waverly. From Indianapolis, by Sugar Creek, Kinder, Davisville, Morristown, and Beech Grove, to Rushville. From Indianapolis, by Zionsville, Whitestown, Lebanon, Thorntown, Colfax, Clark's Hill, and Baker's Corners, to Lafayette. From Jasper, by Alfredville, to Mount Pleasant. From Jasper, by Ferdinand, and Fulda, to Troy. From Jasper, by Huntingburg, Dale, Gentryville, and Oakland, to Rockport. From Jasper to Lynnville. From Jasper, by Porterville, High Rock, and Hudsonville, to Washington. From Jeffersonville, by Hamburg, Vienna, Newry, Seymour, Rockford, Jonesville, Waynesville, Wailesboro', and Columbus, to Edinburgh. From Jerome to West Liberty. From Jerome, by West Liberty, Balis, and Nebloes, to Alexandria. From Jervis, by Hamilton, Alverdale, Metz, Fish Creek, and York Centre, to Camden, in Michigan. From IKendallville, by Rome, and Wolcottville, to La Grange Centre. From Kentland, by Morocco, to Hervey. From Kirkls Cross-Roads, by Frankfort, Kilmore, Rossville, and Prince William, to Delphi. From Kirk's Cross-Roads to King's Corner. From Kirk's Cross-Roads, by Boxley, and Cicero, to Strawtown. From Knightstown, by Carthage, Morristown, and Freeport, to Shelbyville. From Knightstown, by Elizabeth City, Markleville, and Ovid, to Anderson. From Knightstown, by Spiceland, Greensboro,' Cadiz, Mechanicsburg, and Ovid, to Anderson. From Knox, by Clear Spring, to West York. From Knox, by Lake City, and North Bend, to Monterey. From KEnox to Hamlet. From Knox to River. From Kokomo, by John McDowell's, to Burlington. From lKokomo, by Staunton, and Irvin, to Poplar Grove. From La Clair to Clayton. From Laconia, by Elizabeth, Coryden, New Salisbury, Bradford, Greenville, Mount Eden Church, and Martinsburg, to Pekin. From Lafayette, by Americus, Delphi, and Lockport, to Logansport. From Lafayette, by Attica, Poland, Covington, Lodiville, Montezuma, and Numa, to Terre Haute. From Lafayette, by Covington, Terre Haute, Point (Jommerce, Bloomfield, Newburg, and Petersburg, to Evansville. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 69 From Lafayette, by Dayton, Wyandotte, Winship's Mills, arid Jeffer. son, to Frankfort. From Lafayette, by Independence, Williamsport, Rainesville, and Oxford, to Iroquois, in Illinois. From Lafayette, by Monticello, Winamac, North Bend, and Plymouth, to Niles, in Michigan. From Lafayette, by Montmorency, Pond Grove, Oxford, Boswell, and Paxton, to Bloomington. From Lafayette, by Poolsville, Independence, Williamnsport, and Rainesville, to Oxford. From Lafayette, by Rensselaer, and Morocco, to BMomence, in Illinois. From Lafayette, by Rossville, Steam Mills, Middle Forkl, Russiaville, Pichardsville, New London, and Alto, to Kokomo. From La Grange, by Angola, Metz, and Spring Lake, to West Unity, in Ohio. From La Grange, by Fly Creek, Bushy Prairie, Flint, Angola, Sandy IRidge, and Metz, to Spring Lake. From La Grange to Goshen. From La Grange to Lima. From La Grange, by Utah, Pashawn, Middlebury, and Forest Grove, to Goshen. From La Gro, by NTew Holland, Mount Etna, and Warren, to Camden. From La Gro, by North Manchester, Liberty Mills, Collamer, South Whitley, Clear Spring, and Farmer's, to Warsaw. From Laporte, by Door Village, Westville, Valparaiso, Deep River, Crown Point, Saint John, Endor, in Illinois, Crete, and Rich, to Richville. From Laporte, by Kankakee, West York, and Blissville, to Plymouth. From Laporte, by Kingsburg, and Union Mills, to Bigelow Mills. From Laporte to Plymouth. From Laurel, by Orange, Steel's, Groves, and Fallllouth, to Bentonville. From Laurel, by Stipp's Hill, to Clarksburg. From Lawrenceburg, by Aurora, Rising Sun, Grant's Creek, Patriot, Florence, Log Lick, Viva, Moorefield, Hone, and Buena Vista, to Madison. From Lawrenceburg, by Aurora, Wilmington, Moore's Hill, Otter Village, Butterville, Vernon, Six Mile, Valley Town, Brownstown, Lawrencefort, Washington, and Berryville, to Vincennes. From Lawrenceburg, by Guilford, Yorkville, New Alsace, Herman, and Way, to Aldenburg. From Lawrenceburg, by Wilmington, Dellsborough, Hart's Mlills, Cross Plains, Barbersville, Canaan, and Millard, to Madison. From Lawrenceburg, by Wilmington, Hartford, Coopersville, Aberdeen, Allensville, Jacksonville, and Mount Sterling, to Vevay. From Leavenworth, by Fredonia, Nebraska, Leopold, Derby, Rome, Cannelltown, Troy, Anderson River, and New Hope, to Rockport. From Leavenworth, by Magnolia, English, Mount Prospect, and WVilliamsburg, to Paoli. From Leavenworth, by Magnolia, Sterling, and Worth, to Jasper. From Leavenworth to John W. Rendle's Store. From Leavenworth, by Sulphur Well, Marietta, Foster's Ridge, and Adyeville, to Ferdinand. From Lebanon, by Dover, to Crawsfordsville. From Lebanon, by Elizaville, to Kirk's Cross Roads. From Lebanon, by Jamestown, to Danville. From Le Gras, by Dora, New Holland, and Mount Etna, to Warren. From Leopold to Reno. From Lexington, by Camargo, Wooster, New Frankfort, and Austin, tolittle York. FromLex.sington to Charleston. From Lexington, by New Franklfort, and Alpha, to Paris. POST-ROADS. From Liberty, by Clifton, Abington, Centreville, and Bloomingport, to Winchester. From Liberty to Fairhaven. From Lima to Scott. From Lima, to Sturgis. in Michigan. From Linden, by Locust Grove, New Richmond, Sugar Grove, and Shawnee Mound, to Shawnee Prairie. From Livonia, by Claysville, to Campbellsburg. From Lock's Station, by Bowdishe's Mills, and Brighton, to Montgomery. From Logansport, by Amsterdam, Burnett's Creek, Monticello, Monon, Cathcart, White Post. Pleasant Grove, Rensselaer, and Brook, to Iroquois, in Illinois. From Logansport, by Amsterdam, Burnett's Creek, and Monticello, to Reynolds. From Logansport, by Blue Grass, Kewanna, and Aubbeenaubbee, to Yellow River. From Logansport, by Cornucopia, to Camden. From Logansport. by Kewanna, and Barbers, to Laporte. From LoganDsport, by Lewisburg, Peru, Wabash, La Gro, Huntington, Mahon, Roanoke, and Aboite, to Fort Wayne. From Logansport, by Metea, Fulton, Rochester, Sidney, Plymouth, Fairmount, Lakeville, South Bend, Notre Dame, and Bertrand, to Niles. From Logansport, by Mexico, Denver, Chili, Pawpaw, Stockdale, Roann, Laketon, North Manchester, Liberty nMills, Collamer, and South Whitely, to Columbia City. From Logansport, by Perrysburg, Gilead, Laketon, ~Manchester, Millersburg, Liberty Mills, Springfield. Columbia, Papano, Cold Spring, Wolf Lake, and Port Mitchell, to Albion. From Logansport, by Royal Centre, and Two Mile Prairie, to Winamac. From Logansport, by Spring Creek, Twelve Mile, Perrysburgh, Gilead, Niconza, and Laketon, to North Manchester. From Loogootee, by Raglesville, to Clark's Prairie. FIrom Louisville, in Kentucky, by Portland, New Albany, Floyd, Knobs, Galena, Greenville, Palmyra Fredericksburg, llardinsburg, Chambersburg, Paoli, Pleasant Valley, Mount Pleasant, Washington, Zanesville, and Berrysville, to Vincennes. From Madison, by Brooksburg, Braytown, Mount Sterling, Howe, and 3Manville, to Madison. From Madison, by Bryantsburg, to Barbersville, and return by Canaan. From Madison, by Bryantsburg, New Marion, Versailles, and Otter Village, to Napoleon. From Madison to Cincinnati. From Madison, by Kent, Lancaster, Neil's Creek, and Graham, to Paris. From MIadison, by North Madison, Middle Fork, Big Creek, Churchhill's Mills, and Benville. to Butlersville. From Madison, by South Hanover, Swanville, Lexington, and Oregon, to Charleston. From Madison, by Stony Point, Bryantsburg, New Marion, Versailles, Otter Village, Napoleon, and Smyrna, to Greensburg. From Marionu, by America, to La Gro. From lMarion, by Mier, Ivy, Santa Fe, and Leonda, to Logansport. From Marion to MIontpelier. From Marion, by Oak Woods, Walnut Creek, Jadden, Blackford, Pennville, Jay Court-House, Hector, Fort IRecovery, Saint Henry, Maria Stein, and Chickasaw, to New Bremen. From Mharion, by Pratt, to Van Buren. From Marion, by Price, and Mount Etua, to Huntington. From Miarion to Saln Jacinto. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 71 From Marion, by Walnut Creek, to Blackford. From Manhattan to Poland. From Martinsville, by Centreville, to Mooresville. From Martinsville to Cope. From Martinsville, by Monroe Mills, and Oak Farm, to Nashville. From Martinsville to Mooresville. From Martinsville, by Oak Farm, and Nashville, to Elkinsville. From Martinsville, by Pine City, to Eminence. From Miartinsville, by White River, Gosport, Spencer, Freedom, Point Commerce, Worthington, Fairplay, Bloomfield, Newberry, Owl Prairie, and Bogard, to Washington. From Metamora, by Stip's Hill, to Clarksburg. From Mauckport, by Crisp's Cross-Roads, Corydon, White Cottage, and Hancock, to Fredericksburg. From Mauckport, by Laconia, Elizabeth, Corydon, New Salisbury, Bradford, Greenville, and Martinsburg, to Salem. From Mechanicsburg to Middletown. From Medora, by Clear Spring, Houston, and Elkinsville, to Nashville. From Memphis to Jasper. From Metea to Twelve Mile. From Michigan City, by Waterford, and Laporte, to Byron. From Michigantown, by Burgett's, and IRussiaville, to Kokomo. From Middletown, by Huffton, Yorktown, Harrison, and New Corner, to Wheeling. From Middletown, by Rich Woods, to Muncietown. From Middleburg to Vistula. From Milroy to Greensburg. From Milton to Cambridge. From Mishawaka to Bremen. From Moore's Hill, by Stringtown, to Versailles. From Momence, in Illinois, by Beaver Lake Ditch, Strin gham's Point, and Pilot Grove, to Adriance. From Monon, by Catheart, to Rensselaer. From Monon, by West Bradford, Buffalo, Pulaski, Winamac, ZNorth Bend, Yellow River, Sligo, Blissville, North Liberty, and Sumption Prairie, to South Bend. From Monrovia,, by Centre Valley, and Belleville, to Cartersburg. From Monrovia, by West Salem, Mill Grove, Cataract, and Poland, to Bowling Green. From Mooney, by Woodville, to Medora. From Mooresville to Monrovia. From Monterey to Indian Field. From Montezuma, by Annapolis, Bethany, Russellville, and Parkersburg, to Ladoga. From Montezuma to Highland. From Monticello to Lafayette. From Monticello to Oxford. From Monticello, by Winamac, Onondago, and North Liberty, to South Bend. From Montpelier to Bluffton. From Morgantown, by Gold Creek, to Unionville. From Morgantown, by Cope, to Waverly. From Morristown, by Manilla, and Cynthiana, to Middletown. From Mount Carmel, to Harrison, in Ohio. From Mount Vernon, by Thomas' Mills, Marshall's Landing, and New Haven, to Raleigh. From Muncie, by Granville, Blackford, Montpelier, Bluffton, and Ossian, to Fort Wayvne. From Mulneietown, by Jay Court-House anld Newv, Corydon, to Willshire, in Ohio. From Muncietown, by Pleasant VWood, Alexandria, and New Lancaster, to Tiptou, 72 POST-ROADS. From Muncietown, by Sharon, Albany, Fairview, Half-Way, Mount Pleasant, Jay Court-House, Bear Creek, New Corydon, and Skeel's Cross-Roads, to Willshire. From Muncietown, by Smithfield, Windsor, Macksville, Winchester, Bartonia, and Darke, to Granville. From Nashville, by Bean Blossom, and Mount Moriah, to Edinburgh. From Nashville to Morgartown. From Nashville, by New Bellsville, Christiansburgh, Buffalo, Houston, and Freetown, to Brownstown. From Natchez, by Pleasant Valley, Halbert's Bluff, Dove Hill, and Scotland, to Bloomfield. From Neshanic, by Pleasant Valley, to Lawrenceberg. From New Albany, by Bennettsville, New Providence, Pekin, Harristown, Salem, Campbellsburg, Leipsic, Orleans, Woodland, Juliet, Bedford, Harrodsburg, Bloomington, Crawfordsville, Lafayette, Battle Ground, Brookston, Reynolds, and River, to Michigan City. From New Albany, by Bridgeport, Elizabeth, and Laconia, to Mauckport. From Newburg to Marco. From New Garden to Arba. From New Garden, by Whitewater, Bethel, Republican, Spartansburg, German, and Tampico, to Granville. From New Albany, by Georgetown, New Salisbury, Barren, 3Milltown, Marengo, Mount Prospect, Wickliff, Ditney Hill, and Celestine, to Jasper. From New Albany, by Knob Creek, and Thomas Strong's, to Elizabeth. From New Albany, by Lanesville, to Corydon. From New Castle, by Cadiz, to Greensboro'. From New Castle, by Cadiz, Mechanicsburg, Huntsville and New Columbus, to Pendleton. From New Castle, by Dan, Webster, Ashland, Rogersville, and Luray, to Muncietown. From New Castle, by Sulphur Springs, and Middletown, to Chesterfield. From New Point, by Rossburg, and Saint Maurice, to Clarksburg. From Newport, by Quaker Point, to Bonwell, in Illinois. From New Providence to Martinsburg. From Newton, by Shawnee Prairie, Independence, and Pine Village, to Oxford. From the county-seat of Newton County, by White's Grove, to Morocco. From Newville, by Canoper, and Salem, to Willshire. From Noblesville, by Cicerotown, and Shielsville, to Tipton. From Noblesville, by Strawtown, Perkinsville, and Hamilton, to Andersontown. From North Grove to Santa Fe6. From Oakland City to Winslow. From Oil Creek to Celina. From Ogden to Rushville. From Ogden, by Spiceland, to Greensboro'. From Orleans to Paoli. From Otterdage, by Zenas, and Brewersville, to Scipio. From Outlet, by West Creek, Sherburnville, and Yellow Head, to Momence, in Illinois. From Owensburg, by Pleasant Ridge, and Scotland, to Bloomfield. From Owensville to Mount Carmel. From Oxford, by Catalpa Grove, and Carpenter's Creek, to Renselaer. From Paoli, by French Lick, Davis Creek, Ludlow, Haysville, Jasper, Ireland, White Oak Grove, and Delectable Hill, to Petersburg. From Paoli, and Newton Stuart, to Carmelton. From Paoli, by Prospect, to Natchez. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 73 From Paoli, by Valleene, Marengo, Pilot Knob, and Fredonia, to Leavenworth. From Parkersburg to Cairo. From Paris, by Lancaster, to Dupont. From Pendleton, by Clarksville, Noblesville, Westfield, Eagletown, and Northfield, to Lebanon. From Peru, by Chili, Paw Paw, Niconza, Lodi, Claypool, Warsaw, Manoquet, Leesburg, Milford, New Paris, and Waterford Mills, to Goshon. From Peru, by Santa Fe, to Bexar. From Perry, by Butler, Auburn, De IKalb, Taylor's Corners, Hamilton, Pleasant Lake, Angola, Fremont, Crooked Creek, Kinderhook, and Ovid, to Coldwater. From Perrysville to Danville. From Perrysville to State Line City. From Petersburg, by Dougal, McCutchenville, and Oakdam, to Evansville. From Petersburg, by Mount Jefferson, to Monticello. From Petersburg, by Winslow, Lynnville, and Hartsboro', to Boonville. From Philadelphia, to New Palestine, and Sugar Creek. From Pine Village, by Petersburg, to Oxford. From Plainfield to Smootsdell. From Plainfield, by Spring Valley, and Mooresville, to Monrovia. From Pleasant View, by London, to Manwaring's. From Plymouth to Knox. From Point Commerce, by Mliddleburg, to Bowling Green. From Point Commerce, by Wright, to Sullivan. From Point Isabel, by Hackleman, and Shadesville, to Marion. From Poland to Reelsville. From Porter's Cross-Roads, by Boone Grove, to Tassinong Grove. From Portland, by College, Antioch, Boundary City, and Pittsburg, to Salem. From Portland Mills, by Parksville, to Bruin's Cross-Roads. From Portland Mills, by Russellville, to WVaveland. From Prairieville, by Laurainie, and Concord, to Romney. From Princeton, by Kirkl's. Mills, Union, Buena Vista, Petersburg, and Kinderhook, to Washington. From Princeton, by Marsh Creek, Owensville, Cynthiana, Poseyville, New Harmony, and Farmersville, to Mount Vernon. From Princeton, by Mount Carmel, to Olney, in Illinois. From Putnamville, by Cataract, Spencer, White Hall, and Stanford, to Springville. From Rensselaer, by Meadville, and Brook, to Kent Station. From Rensselaer, to Momence, in Illinois. From Rensselaer, by Pilot Grove, and Morocco, to Kankakee City, in Illinois. From Reynolds, by Monticello, to Plymouth. From Richmond, by Abington, Clifton, Brownsville, Liberty, Dunlapsville, and Fairfield, to Brookville. From Richmond, by Chester, New Garden, and Lynn, to Winchester. From Richmond, by Dover, Webster, Williamsburg, Economy, Blountsville, and New Burlington, to Muncie. From Richmond, by Middleborough, Hillsborough, Bethel, Arba, Spartansburg, Bartonia, and Salem, to Union City. From Richmond, by Washington, and Hagerstown, to New Castle. From Rising Sun, by Hartford,.Guionsville, Dillsborough, Farmer's Retreat, Hart's Mills, and Elrod, to Versailles. From Rlising Sun, by John Scranton's, Milton Mills, and Bear Branch, to Cross Plains. From Rochester, by Green Oak, Perrysburg, Mexico, Peru, Reserve, Somerset, and Jalapa, to MCarion. From Rochester, by Indian Field, and Monterey, to Winamac. 74 POST-ROADS. From Rochester, by Kewanna, and Mooresburgh, to Winamac. From Rochester, by Mill Ark, and Akron, to Gilead. From Rochester, by Mill Ark, Troy, Wesley, Gilead, Niconza, and Owen, to Wabash. From Rochester, by Akron, Meredith MIills, Bloomingburg, Beaver Dam, and Palestine, to Warsaw. From Rochester, by Wesley, Beaver Dam, Palestine, Warsaw, Menoquet, Leesburg, Milford, and Jackson, to Goshen. From Rockport, by Enterprise, French Island, and Yankeetown, to Newburg. From Rockville, by Annapolis, Delta, Sylvania, Howard, Lodiville, and Headley's Hills, to Covington. From Rockville, to Bruin's Cross-Roads, Weaveland, and Brown's Valley, to Crawfordsville. From Rockville to Covington. From Rockville, by Ionia, and B1ridgeton, to Brazil. From Root, by Massillon, East Liberty, and Tully, in Ohio, to Van Wert. From Ross Station to Merrillville. From Royal Centre, by Big Indian, and Blue Grass, to Fulton. From Rushville, by Farmington, and Steele's, to Connersville. From Rushville, by Hiannegan, Carthage, Westland, Greenfield, HIervey, Alfont, Woodbury, Walpole, and Olio, to Noblesville. From Rushville to Millroy. From Rushville, by New Salem, Andersonville, Laurel, Metamora, Brookville, Cedar Grove, New Trenton, Braysville, Harrison, Dry Fork, Miami, Dent, and Cheviot, in Ohio, to Cincinnati. From Rushville, by Orange, Columbia, and Nnull's Mills, to Connersville. From Rushville, by Smelser's Mills, Melrose, Falmouth, Groves, Steele's, Longwood, Connersville, Alquina, Dunlapsville, Billingsville, and Contreras, to Oxford, in Ohio. From Saint Mary's, by New Goshen, Toronto, and Quaker Point, to,Newport. From Saint Omer, by Stlphur Hill, Winterroucl, and Flat Rock, to Columbus. From Salem, by Beck's Mills, and Organ Spring Mill, to Fredericks. burg. From Salem, by Canton, New Philadelphia, and Vienna, to Lexington. From Salem, by Kossuth, Walnut Ridge, MSillport, Vallonia, Brownstown, Valley Farm, and Cortland, to Rockford. From Salem, by New Philadelphia, to Little York. From Salem, by New Retreat, Livonia, Claysville, and Lost River, to Orleans. From Salem, by Texas, Leesville, Heltonville, and Fairfax, to Bloomington. From Saltilloville to Bono. From Saltilloville, by Clayville, to Livonia. From Scaffold Prairie, by Wright, to Sullivan. From Scottsville to Galena. From Selma, by Albany, and Niles, to Montpelier. From Seymour to Nashville, by Waymansville, and Pike's Peak. From Seymour to Redington. From Shelbyville, by Franklin, to Hensley. From Shelbyville, by Noah, Greenfield, Eden, Mendon, and Pendleton, to Huntsville. From Shelbyville to Winterroud. From Smithfieldl, by Albany, and James Ransom's, to Montpelier. From Spencer, by Cataract, to Cloverdale. From- Steele's by Orange, New Salem, Eichland, Clarksburg, and Kingston, to Greensbnrg. From Stilesville, by Wadesville, to Gosport. IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 75 From Stockwell, by Potato Creek, and Clouser's Mills, to Lindeln. From Strawtown, by Perkinsville, Pipe Creek, Alexandria Summit. ville, Grant, and Jonesboro', to Marion. From Strawtown, by West Kinderhook, to Tipton. From Sullivan, by NTe Lebanon, Merom, and Palestine, to Robinson, in Illinois. From South Bend, to Edwardsburgh, in Michigan. From South Hanover, by Saluda, New Washington, Polk Rlun, and McGee's, to Charleston. From Terre Haute, by Fruit Hill, Bridgetown, Mansfieldl, and edelin, to Portland Mills. From Terre Haute to Lewis. From Terre Haute, by Numa, Clinton Lock, Clinton, Highland, Newport, Eugene, Perryville, Covington, Portland, Rob Roy, Attica,: Shawnee, Prairie, and West Point, to Lafayette. From Terre Haute, by Poplar Hill, Maurius, Sullivan Court-House, and New Lebanon, to Carlisle. From Terre Haute, by Riley, Lewis, Coffee, NWorthington, and Point Commerce, to tHobbieville. From' Terre Haute, by Roseville, Rockville, Bruin's Cross Roads, WVaveland, and Brown's Valley, to Crawfordsville. From Thornton, by Darlington, to Crawfordsville. From Thornton, by Dover, Shannondale, and Orth, to Mace. From Tipton, by Windfall, Jerome, Xenia, and Somerset, to Wabash. From Tipton, by Windfall City, to Wabash. From Troy, by Tell City, to Carmelton. From Troy to Worth. From Union City, by New Pittsburgh, and Antioch, to Jay CourtHouse. From Union City, by Recovery, Macedon, and Celina, in Ohio, to Saint Mary's. From Valparaiso, by Tassinong, and Garris Bridge, to Rensselaer. From Valparaiso, by Tassinong Grove, to Wequioc. From Vienna, by Lexington, Swanville, and South Hanover, to Madison. From Vincennes, by Bruceville. Maria Creek, Edwardsport, Black Creek, and Linton, to Fairplay. From Vincennes, by West Union, Carlisle, AMerom, Greysville, Turman's Creek, Prairie Creek, and Prairietown, to Terre Haute. From Vernon, by Cherry Valley, Zenas, Westport, and Cobb's Fork, to Greensburg. From Vernon, by New Centreville, Montgomery, Paris, Slate, Cana, Newry, New Farmington, and Dudleytown, to Brownstown. From Vevay, by Craig, and Indian Kentuck, to Madison. From Vevay, by Mount Sterling, Jacksonville, Rutherford, Bennington, Pleasant, Cross Plains, and Olean, to Versailles. From Wabash, by Emnoon's Church, and Roann, to Niconza. From Wallace to Hillsboro. From Wabash, by La Fontaine, America, and Zion, to IMarion. From Wabash, by Laketon, to TWarsaw. From Wabash, by Milies, and Mount Vernon, to Somerset. From Wabash, by Somerset, Xenia, and Jerome, to Tipton. From Warsaw, by Oswego, Cromwell, Ligonier, Noble Iron Works, Haw Patch, and Ringgold, to La Grange. From Washington, by Maysville, Raglesville, Keck's Church, Mountain Spring, Silverville, and Fayetteville, to Bedford. From W\'ashington, by Hudsonville, and the Highlands on the East Fork of White RiVeIr, to Pierceville. From Washington, by Otwell, to Rockport. Frolm Washington, by Petersburg, New State Road, and Vanderburg, to Evansville. From Washington, by Petersburg, to Princeton. 76 POST-ROADS. From Waterloo City to Angola. From Webster to Richmond. FromV West Boston to Laconia. From West Lebanon, by Walnut Grove, to Boswell. From White Hall, by Dean, to Point Commerce. From White Post, by Saltillo, Pleasant Grove, Rensselaer, Brook, and Iroquois, in Illinois, to Kankakee Depot. From Whitley Court-House, by Thorncreek, to Albion. From Whitley, by Itecla, and Cold Springs, to Wolf Lake. -From Whitley, by Summit, Pierceton, Warsaw, Orion, Camp Creek, and Bourbon, to Plymouth. From Williamsburg, to New Garden. From VWilliamsport, by Free Hall, Walnut Grove, and Jordan, Rossville, in Illinois. From Williamsport, by West Lebanon, and Baltimore, to Covington. From Williamsport, by West Lebanon, to Danville, in Illinois. From Wilmot, by Indian Village, and Cromwell, to Ligonier. From Winamac to Francisville. From' Winamac to Medarysville. From Winamac, by Medarysville, to Saltillo. From Wolf Lake, by Wilmot, Boydston's Mills, and Oswego, to Leesburg. Iowa, IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 3 Aug., 1854, c. 230, v. 10, pp. 537- From Ackley, to Allert Lea,, in Minnesota. 542. From Adel, by Pierce's Plantation, Paducah, and Rippey, to Jeffer3 March, 1855, c. son Court House. 211, v. 10, pp. 710- From Adel, by Panora, and county-seats of Audubon, and Shelly, to 712. 18 Aug., 1856, c. Miagnolia. 168, v. 11, pp. 126, From Adel, by Van Meter, to Winterset. 127. From Afton to Avon. 3 March, 1857, c. From Afton, by Winterset, Tracy, and Adcel, to lNew Jefferson. 109,v. 11, pp. 236, 237. From Agency City to Bladensburg. 14 June, 1858, c. From Albia to Bloomfield. 162, v. 11, pp. 342- From Alden, by Oakland, Wall Lake, Grant, and Eagle Grove, to 3427 Feb. 1861 c Dakota. 57, v. 12, pp. 156, From Algona) by Armstrong's Grove, to Chain Lakes, thence to in157. tersect the route from Blue Earth City to Estherville. 2 June, 1862, C. From Algona, by Armstrong's Grove and Mud Lakes, to Estherville. 95, v 12, pp. 414, From Algona to Spencer. 415. 14 July, 1862, c. From Ames, by Story City, Lakin's Grove, Rose Grove, and Hamil171, v. 12, p. 573. ton, to Belmond. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Amity to Durant. 30 Ju1, 186, 62. From Anamosa, by Highland Grove, and Walnut Fork, to Clarence. 175, v. 13, pp. 317, From Andrew, by Fultor, Iron Hills, Johnson's, Scotch Grove, Edin318. burgh, Anamosa, lNecot, Boulder, and Spring Cove, to Quasqueton. 3 March, 1865, c. lrom Andrew, by Hickory Grove, Spring Brook, and Bellevue, to Ga104, v. 13, p. 523. lena in Illinois. 14 Mar., 1866, C. l 16, v. 14, p. 6. From Anita, by Hamlin's Grove, Oakfield, Exira, Lucock's Grove, 18 July, 1866, c. Mack's, and Carrollton, to Carroll Center. 202, v. 14, p. 189. From Apple Grove, by Adelphi, Carlisle, and Greenbush, to Winterset. 267, 14July,, c. From Apple Grove, by Freel, Hartford, and Palmyra, to Indianola. 286. From. Ashland, by Batavia, Competine, and Abingdon, to Richlandcl 2 March, 1867, c. From Ashton to Decatur, in Nebraska. 191, v. 14, p. 552. From Atlantic to Hamburg. 30 Mar., 1pp.8, 4. From Atlantic, by Lewis and Cora, to Sidney. 3, v. 15, pp. 45, 4.CouncilBluf. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 77 From Bedford, by Buchanan, Braddyville, College Springs, and Wal- 5 March, 1870, c. aen's Grove, to Hamburg. 2214 July 1i70, c. From Bellefontaine, by Attica, and Gosport, to Chariton. 273,v. 16, pp. 282, From Belle Plaine, by West Irving, Waltham, Brush Grove, and Six- 283. Mile Grove, to Waterloo. 28 Feb., 1862, c. From Belmond to Concord. 101, v. 16, p. 46c. a20 April, 187 L, c. From Belmond, by Liberty, and Dacotah City, to Packard's Settle- 28, v. 17, p. 17. ment. - 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Bellevue, by Spring Brook, fligginsport, Boon Spring, and Char- 6, v. 17, p. 25. lotte, to De Witt. 14eb, 17, From Bentonsport, by Keosauque, Philadelphia, Iowaville, Ottumwa, 14 May, 1872, c. Eddyville, Amsterdam, Red Rock, Bennington, Lafayette, and Adelphi, 159, v. 17, p. 104. to Des Moines. 10 June, 1872, C. From Big Grove by Newtown, to Harlan. 427, v. 17, p. 384. From Blakesburg to Moravia. 255, v. 17, p. 588. From Bloomfield, by Drakesville, Mount Calvary, and Sharon, to Centreville. From Bloomfield, by Drakesville, Oak Spring, Soap Creek, Avery, Albia, Sorelia, Princeton, Hamilton, Ely, and Attica, to Knoxville. From Bloomfield, to Lancaster, in Missouri. From Bloomfield, by Point Isabel, Greene, Ottumwa, Chillicothe, and Eddyville, to Oskaloosa. From Bloomfield, by Drakesville, Unionville, Moravia, Ionia, and Greenville, to Chariton. From Boonsboro', by Dennison, Paradise, Olmstead, and Whitesborol, to Saint John. From Boonsborol, by Homer, to Fort Dodge. From Boonsborol to Panora. From Bradford to Rockford. From Brighton, by Germanville, and Salina, to Glendale. From Brighton, by Richland, Joker, Martinsburg, Butler, and Fremont, to Oskaloosa. From Brighton, by Valley, and Dutch Creek, to South English. From Brooklyn to Oskaloosa. From Brunswick to Unionville. From Buckingham to Laporte City. From Buckingham to Waterloo. From Bunker Hill to Prairie du Chien. From Burlington, by Allbright's, Bluff Dale, Hawkeye, Palo Alto, Toolsboro', and Port Louisia, to Muscatine. From Burlington, by Augusta, Denmarkl, West Point, Dover, and Primrose, to Farmington. From Burlington, by Dodgeville, Yellow Spring, Litton, Wapello, Harrison, and Grand View, to Muscatine. -From Burlington, by Miiddletown, Danville, New London, Mount Pleasant, Rome, and Lockbridge, to Fairfield. From Burlington, to Nauvoo, in Illinois. From Burlington, by Parish, Lowell, East Grove, Salem, Hillsboro', Utica, and Union, to Keosauque. From Burlington, by Port Louisa, and Grand View to Ononioa. From Butler to Sigourney. From Butler, by Steady Run, Lancaster, Richland, and Clay, to Brighton. From Camanche, to Albany, in Illinois. From Camanche to Dewitt. From Carroll to Winterset. From Carroll, by Grant City, and Storm Lake, to Spirit Lake. From Carrollton, by Sac City, Buena Vista, and Douglass, to Spirit Lake. From Cascade, by Isabel, Overreach's Ferry, Walnut Grove, Pioneer Grove, and Gower's Ferry, to Iowa City. From Cascade, by Surplis Ford, to Wyoming. 78 POST-ROADS. From Casey, by Fontenelle, to Queen City. From Cedar Bluffs to Mechanicsville. From Cedar Falls, by John C. Barrick's, and Coon Grove, to Clear Lake. From Cedar Falls, by Belmond, Algona, and Spirit Lake, to Fort Ridgely, in Minnesota. From Cedar Falls to Cedar Lake. From Cedar Falls, by Fort Dodge, Townsley's Grove, Austin Settlement, Purple Creek, Smith's Settlement, and Sioux City, to Sargent's Bluffs. From Cedar Falls to New Hampton. From Cedar Falls, by Willouglhby, Butler Centre, Bear Grove, Maysville, IHampton, Saratoga, Belmond, and Irvington, to Algona,. From Cedar Falls, by Willoughby, to Leoni. From Cedar Falls, by Willoughby, Swanton, Bear Grove, and Genoa, to Marysville. From Cedar Rapids, by Coleman's Hotel, Clinton Township, Pickaway, Bishop's Grove, and Salt Creek, to Toledo. From Cedar Rapids to- Marengo. From Cedar Rapids, by Palo, Oak Grove, Beulah, Vinton, Eliza, and Waterloo, to Cedar Falls. From Cedar Rapids, by Sister's Grove, Bishop's Grove, Redman, Tamaville, Toledo, and Reedsville, to Albion. From Cedar Rapids, by Vinton, to Fort Dodge. From Cedar Rapids, by Vinton,'Toledo, Marshall, Marietta, Nevada, and Boonesboro', to Jefferson. From Central City to Monticello. From Centre Junction, by Madison, to Hale. From Centre Point, by Miarysville, and Enterprise, to Bradford. From Centreville, by Cincinnati, Unionville, Pennville, Greencastle, Birdseye Ridge, Pleasantville, New Boston, Bucklin, and Westville, to 7Keitsville. From Centreville, by Corydon, South Independence, county-seats of Ringgold, and Taylor Counties, to Clarinda. From Centreville, by Iconium, to Chariton. From Centreville to Moulton. From Centreville, by Moravia, to Albia. From Centreville, to Saint Johns, in Missouri. From Centreville,- by South Fork, Corydon, Bethlehem, Cambria, Garden Grove, and Hopeville, to Pisgah. From Centreville, by the State Road, to Decatur. From Centreville, by Walnut City, and Iconium, to Tyrone. From Centreville, by Wells' Mills, to Lancaster, in Missouri. From Chariton, by Argo, Glenn's, Bartlettville, White Breast, and Hopeville, to Pisgah. From Chariton, by Freedom, Bixler's Grove, and Lancaster's Mills, to Corydon. From Chariton, by Garden Grove, to Leon. From Chariton, by Corydon, and Grand River to Princeton, in MisSouri. From Chariton, by Douglas, and Lewis, to Council Bluffs. From Chariton, by Newbern, and Hammondsburg, to Indianola. From Chariton, by Oceola, Pisgah, Union, Adair, and Montgomery Court-House, to Coonville. From Chariton, to Plattsmouth, in Nebraska, by Oceola, Quincy, Frankfort, and Glenwood. From Chariton, by Tallyhoma, and Oceola, to Pisgah. From Charles City, by Howardsville, Huntsville. Busti, Howard, and Vernon Springs, to New Oregon. From Charles City, by Rockford, Mason City, Chalapin, Goldfield, and Eagle Grove, to Fort Dodge. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 79 From Charleston, by Franklin Centre, West Point, and Lowell, to Mount Pleasant. From Charleston, by Franklin Centre, Dover, and Salem, to Mount Pleasant. From Cherokee, by Ida, to Mapleton. From Cherokee to Sibley. From Cherokee to Worthington, in Minnesota. From Chillicothe to Munterville. From Clarksville, by Hardin City, and Point Pleasant, to Nevada. From Clayton, by Garnaville, Clayton Centre, Elkader, Highland, and Illyria, to Fayette. From Clayton, to Lancaster, in Wisconsin. From Clayton, by Garnaville, Elkader, Wagner, and Clermont, to W~est Union. From Clayton, by Garnaville, Reed, Elkader, and Wagener, to Clermont. From Clayton to McGregor. From Clear Lake to Algona. From Clear Lake, by Buffalo Grove, Algona, and Paoli, to Spirit Lakes. From Clear Lake, by Elk Grove, and Forest City, to Blue Earth City, in Minnesota. From Clio to Iowa Centre. From Cold Spring to Fort Atkinson. From Colesburg, by Sodamville, and Wilsonville, to West Union. From College Springs, to Achison, in Missouri. From Colony, by Poultney, Yankee Settlement, and Lodomillo, to Strawberry Point. From Columbus, by Downey's Station, West Branch, Cedar Bluffs, and Mechanicsville, to Anamosa. From Columbus, by Union Prairie, Jamestown, and Decorah, to Louisville. From Columbus to Yaltton. From Concord, to Albert Lea, in Minnesota. From Council Bluffs, by Crescent City, Fairview, Harris Grove, Jeddo City, Twelve-Mile Grove, Olmstead, and Mantano to Denison. From Council Bluffs, by Keg Creek, to Harlan. From Council Bluffs, by Keg Creek, Newtown, Harris Grove, and Oakfield, to Hamlin's Grove. From Council Bluffs, by Magnolia, and De Soto, to Sargeant's Bluffs. From Council Bluffs, by Pigeon Mills, Boyer River, Calhoun, Harrison, Sargent's Bluffs, Mononah, and Wahkaw, to Big Sioux River. From Council Bluffs, by Sioux City, and Fort Laramie, to Great Salt Lake, in Utah. From Council Bluffs, by Traders' Point, C(erro Gordo, Glenwood, Sidney, Austin, and McKissack's Grove, to Linden, in Missouri. From Council Bluffs, by Winter Quarters, to Fort Calhoun, in Nebraska. From Coining, to Marysville, in Missouri. From' Corydon to Chariton Point. From Corydon, by Grand River, to Princeton, in Missouri. From Corydon to Oceola. From Corydon, to Saint Johns, in Missouri. From Corydon, by WVarsaw, Medicineville, and Terre Haute, in Missouri, to Scottsville. From Cottage Grove to Deerfield. From Crescent City, to Florence, in Nebraska. From Cromomwell to New Jefferson. From Dacotah, bythe south half of section eighteen, township ninetythlrcee, and range thirty, and Paoli, to Spirit Lake. F'rom Dalmanutha to Guthrie Centre. From Davenport, by Allen's Grove, Thorn's Mills, and Walnut Forlk, to Anamosa. 80 POST-ROADS. From Davenport, by Amity, Allen's Grove, and Buena Vista, to Calmus. From Davenport, by Amity, Tipton, Woodbridge, Gouer's Ferry, Newport, and Newport Centre, to Iowa City. From Davenport, by Centre Grove, Lactin, Pedee, Spring Dale, and Carthage, to Iowa City. From Davenport, by Linn Grove, Big Rock, and Cedar Rock Point, to Walnut Fork. From Davenport, by Tipton, Mount Vernon, and Marion, to Cedar Rapids. From Decatur City, by Hopeville, to Afton. lFrom Decatur City, by Princeton, and Trenton, in Missouri, to Chilicothe. From Decatur City, by Terre EHaute, to Eagleville, in Missouri. From Decorah, by Bluffton, Plymouth Rock, Twine Springs, Arnoldsville, Lane Springs, Forest City, and Leroy, to Austin, in Minnesota. From Decorah, by Brownsville, Montezuma, and Minnesota City, to Wabashaw. From Decorah, by Burr Oak Springs, and Spillville, to Fort Atkinson. From Decorah to Hesper. From Decorah to Waukon. From Decorah, by New Oregon, Villanovia, and Nute, to Mitchell. From Decorah to Plum Grove. iFrom Decorah, by Vernon Springs, Howard Centre, Jamestown, an.d Cardiff, to Cora. From Delhi, by Delaware Centre, Mount Hope, Forestville, Strawberry Point, Mill Grove, Westfield, and Taylorsville, to West. Union. From Delhi, by Coffin's Grove, Quasqueton, and Pine, to Independence. From Delhi, by Colesburg, to Garnaville. From Delhi, by Hartwick, and Erin, to Quasqueton. From Delhi to Nottingham. From Denison, by Belvidere, and Ashton, to Dexter, in Nebraska. From Denison to Ida. From Denison to Magnolia. From l)es Moines by Adel, Panora, Guthrie Centre, Bear Grove, Exiva, Buck Creek, Newtown, and Keg Creek, to Council Bluffs. From Des Moines, by Adelphi, Vandalia, Bennington, and Red Rock, to Knoxville. From Des Moines, by Buffalo Grove, Ripley, Jefferson, and Sac City, to Sioux City. From Des Moines, by Chariton, Corydon, and Linersville, to Chillicothe, in Missouri. From Des Moines to Dalmanutha. From Des Moines, by Dayton, Fort Dodge, Addison, and Paoli, to Spirit Lake. From Des Moines, by Greenbush, St. Charles, Oceola, and Hopeville, to Mount Avr. From Des Moines, by Hickory Grove, Palestine, Ames, Blinkson, and Saratoga, to Webster City. From Des Moines, by Indianola,. Chariton, Corydon Walnut, Saint John, and Milan, to Jefferson City, in Mlissouri. From Des Moines, by Indianola, and Chariton, to Luneville. From Des Moines, by Indianola, Oceola, Leon, and Gentry CourtHouse, in Missouri, to Saint Joseph, in Missouri. From Des Moines, by Jefferson, and Lake tity, to Sac City. From Des Moines, by McClain, Henry, Payton, Maseville, and Benson, to Grove City. From Des Moines to Magnolia. From Des Moines, by Mitchell, Green Castle, EDdenville, and Starry Grove, to Marietta. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 81 From Des Moines to New Jefferson. From Des Moines, by Pilot Grove, and Macksville, to Lewis. From Des Moines, to Saint Joseph, in Missouri. From Des Moines, by Boone, Adell, McKay, Allen, and IHamlin's Grove, to Macedonia. From Des Moines, by Boone, Odel, McKay, Panora, and Bear Grove, to Council Bluffs. From Des Moines, by Adell, McKEay, Panora, and the county-seats of Audubon, Shelby, and Harrison Counties, and Sargent's Bluffs, to Sioux City. From Des MIoines, by Greenbush, and Montpelier, to Winterset. From Des Moines, by Leaning's Point, Hornbuckle's Point, Kinney's Mlill, and Cousin's Point, to Fort Dodge. From Des Moines, by Marietta, Cedar Falls, 3Mentral, and -Old Mission, to Prairie du Chien, in Wisconsin. From Des Moines, to Nevada, thence to Quebec, and Eldora. From Des Moines, by Nevada, to Marietta. From Des Moines, by Nevada, Minerva Grove, Henry Grove, and Eldora, to Cedar Falls. From Des Moines, by Saylorsville, Polk City, Hopkins' Grove, Rapids, Bellepoint, Boonsboro', and Dakota, to Homer. From Des Moines, by Story Court-House, to Eldora. From Des Moines, by Sommerset, to Indianola. From Des Moines, by Winterset, Quincy, Clarinda, and Sidney, to Nebraska City. From Des Moines, by Winterset, Afton, Bedford, and lound City, in Missouri, to White Cloud, in Kansas. From De Witt, by Grand Mound, and Toronto, to Tipton. From De Witt, by Tipton, to Iowa City. From Dexter to Afton. From Dodgeville, by Morning Sun, Virginia Grove,,and Cairo, to Columbus City. From Donelson, by Dover, Clay Grove, and Pilot Grove, to Salem. From Drakesville, by Unionville, Moravia, and Dodge's Point, to Garden Grove. From Drakesville, by Unionville, Moravia, and Iconium, to La Grange. From Dubuque, by Bellevue, and Sabula, to Davenport. From Dubuque, by Buncombe, Otter Creek, Farmer's Creek, and Fulton, to MIaquoketa. From Dubuque, by Centertown, Whitewater, and Rockville, to Delhi. From Dubuque, by Channingsville, New Vine, Oakland, Viola, Tivola Colony, Newstead, Elkader, Highland, Elyria, West Union, Douglas, and Old 3Mission, to Fort Atkinson. From Dabuque, by Delhi, Harmickl, and Fort Dodge, to Sargeant's Bluffs. From Dubuque, by Durango, Pin Oak, Millville, and Guttenburg, to Garnavillo. From Dubuque, by English's Mills, to Cascade. From Dubuque, by English's Mills, John Graham's, Preston, Mount Pleasant, Hopkinton, and Vinton, to Fort Des Moines. From Dubuque, by Garry, Owen, Canton, Cobb, Tipton, ERock Creek, an(l Moscow, to Muscatine. From Dubuque, by Independence, Grundy, IHardin, and Risley, to Fort Dodge. From Dubuque, by Independence, Wambo, Bradford, Saint Charles, and Floyd Centre, to Osage. From Dubuque, by the Milwaukie and Mississippi Railroad route, to Janesville, in Wisconsin. F1rom Dubuque, by MIosalem, Spruce Mills, WViekliffe, Sabula, Ellk River, ILyons, Camanche, Princeton, Le Clair, and Pleasant Valley, to Davenport. R S II —-6 L82 POST-ROADS. From Dubuque, by New Wine, Strawberry Point, Robertson's Ford, and West Union, to Decorah. From Dubuque, by Sullivan, Lamotte, Andrew, Bridgeport, Maquo. keta, Brookfield, Welton, De Witt, W~alnut Fork, Davenport, Rockingham, Blue Grass, and Melpine, to MIuscatine. From Dubuque, by NWest Union, Auburn, and Old Mission, to Decoral. From Duncombe to Gowrie. From Dunlap to Castana. FProm Dunlap to Red Oak Junction. From Dyersville, by Fairbank, and Waverly to Clarks-ville. From Dyersville, by Hickory Grove, Ead's Grove, Forest Hill, Buffalo Grove, and Greetier's Grove, to Waverly. From Dyersville, by Poultney, Plum. Springs, Yankee Settlement, Honey Creek, Cox Creek, Volga City, Hlighlandl, Elgin, and Clermont, to Decorah. From Dyersville, by Rcckville, and Hopkinton, to Animosa. From Easton, by Plattsville, to Bridgeport. From Eddyville, by Bluff Creek, Irish Point, Berry, Columnbus, Leaming's Point, llidgeway, and Beaver, to Fort Des Moines. From Eddyville, by Centerville, Corydon, Lone MTNount, Bedibford, Clarinda, and Sidney, to Nebraska City. From Eddyville, by Des 3Moines, Gray's Creek, and Halfway Prairie, to Albia. From Eddyville, to Des Moines, by Hamilton, Marysville, Attica, Knoxville, Pleasantville, WhI-eeling, Hartford, Carlisle, and Avon. From Edcldyville, by Hamilton,. Red Cedar Mills, and Attica, to Knoxville. From Eddyville to:Nebraska City, in Nebraska. From Eldora, by State Centre, to Des Moines. From Eldora, by Point Pleasant, to Tipton. From Eldorta to W5aterloo. From. Elkader, by Elkport, and Aillville, to Cassville, in Minnesota. From Elkader, by George S. Peck's, on Coxe's Creelr, Strawberry Point, Brown's Mill, and Buffalo Grove, to Independence. From Ettrick to Mehone. From Fairbankl to Grove H ill. From Fairfield, by Batavia, Agency City, Ottumwa, Blakesbury, A1bion, and La Grange, to Chariton. F'rom Fairfield, by Haugh's Point, Brookeville, Competine, Abingdon, Butler, and Fremont, to Oskaloosa. From Fairfieldlto Lancaster. From Fairfield, by Libertyville, lowaville, New Market, Salt Creek, Florist, and Chequest, to Bloomfield. From Fairview, by Ridge, and Jordan's Grove, to Paris. From Fairview, by Springville, Marion, Cedar Rapids, and Hoosier's Grove, to Solon. From.Farmington, by Union Corners, Milton, and Pulaski, to Bloomfield. From Fillmore, by Jacksonville, Walker's, Clear Creek, and Braddy's Mlill, to Clarinda. From Florence, by Robin, and Doebell, to Shellsburg. From Floyd's Valley, to Luvern, in lMinnesota. From Floyd's Valley, to Redwood, in Minnesota. Froml Fontanelle to Custom. Fromn Forest City, by Bristol, W H. Russel's, and Stephen's Corners, to Otranto. Fromr Fort Atkinson, by Decorah, to Lansing. From Fort Dodlge to Council Bluffs. From Fort Dodge, by Dalkotalh, Cresco, and Algona, to Mankl;ato, in Minnesota. IN THIE STATE OF IOWA. 83 From Fort Dodge, by Dakota, Warcosta, Fern Valley, and Emmettsburg, to Estherville. From Fort Dodge, along the Nwest branch of the Des Moines-River, crossing the west branch at Dakotab, up the west branch to the Irish colony, there crossing the west branch, to Spring Lake. From Fort Dodge, along the west bank of Des Moines River, by county-seat of Palo Alto County, to Spirit Lake. From Fort Dodge, by Eagle Grove, Grant, Belmond, and Upper Grove, to Clear Lake. From Fort Dodge, by Emmitt City, to Odessa, in Minnesota, thence by Otesco, and Crystal Lake City, to Mankato. From Fort Dodge to Fort Ridgely. From PFort Dodge, by Leesburg, and intermediate county-seats, to Sioux City. From Fort Docge, by Lizard Point, Ida Grove, and Sargeant's Bluffs, to Sioux City. From Fort Dodge, by Lizard Fork, Storm Lake, Cherokee, and Plymlouth, to Westfield. From Fort Dodge, by Rolfe, and Spirit Lake, to Okoboji. From Fort Dodge, to Sioux Falls, in Minnesota. Fr'lom Fort Dodge, up West Fork of Des Moines Piver, to Spirit Lake. From Fort lMadison, by Appanoose, in Illinois, Pontoosoc, and Dallats City, to La Harpe. From Fort 31adison, by Denmark, to Danville. From Fort Madison, by Denmark, Parrish, New London, Pleasant Grove, Dodgeville, Yellow Springs, and Kossuth, to Hickory Point. From Fort Madison, by Frcanklin, and Prinmrose, to Farmington. From Fort Mladison, by West Point, Big Mound, and Utica, to Keosanqua. From Fort Mladison, by West Point Grove, Vega, Glasgow, Wooster, ani Harmony, to Fairfield. From Fort Randall, in Nebraska, by the mouth of Crow River, passing on the east side of the Missouri, to the mouth of Little Medicine Knob Li ver. From Franklin to Washington Prairie. From Fredericksburgh to New Hampton. From Freeman, by Floyd, Gilmantown, and Cora, to Mlitchellville. From Friendship, by Arcade, to Barnum. From Fulton City, in Illinois, by Clinton, De Witt, Mechanicsburg, Lisbon, anid Moount Vernon, to Cedar Rapids. lFrom Garden Grove, by Decatur Court-House, and New Butda, to Lott's Grove. From Garden Grove, by South Independlence, and county-seats of Ringgold, and Taylor Counties,. Nodaway, Clorinda, and Sidney, to Gaston. From Garnaville, by Farmnersburg, and McGregor's Landing, to Prairie du Chien, in W5isconsin. From Garnaville, by Farmersburg, and Monona, to Hardin. Fl'rom Germanville to Coalport. From Glenwoodl, by Nebraska Depot, to Nebraska Centre. From Glenwood, to Nebraska City, in Nebraska. From Glidden, by Lake City, to Twin Lakes. From Greeley, by Saint Petersburg, to Colesburg. From Greenfield, by Holladay's, and Pearson's Mill. to Adell. From Greenwood to Rockland. From Grinnell, by Greencastle, and Timber Creek, to Marietta. From Grinnell to New Hartford. From Grundy Centre to New Providence. Frorm Grundy Centre, by Parkersburg, Butler Centre, West Point, and Coldwater, to Marble Loclk. From Guthrie to Cromwell. From Gattenburg, by Elkport, and Littleport, to Strawberly Point. From Gttenlburg, by Elkpyort, and Yankee settlement, to Independencee. 84 POST-ROADS. From Guttenburg, by Glen Haven, and Beetown, to Lancaster, in Wisconsin. From Guttenburg, by Peck's Ferry, and Colesburg, to Dyersville. From Hampton to Marble Rock. From Hardin, by Franklin, to Waukon. From Hardin, by Lybrand, Frankville, Trout River, Decorah, and Burr-Oak, to St. Paul, in Minnesota. From Hardin, by Waukon, New Galena, Dorchester, Portland Prairie, in Minnesota, and Caledonia, to Brownsville. From Harper's Ferry, by Elon, and Dalby, to Waukon. From Hartwick, by Hazel Green, Nugent's Grove, Buckhorn Hill, and Clark's Grove, to Marion. From Helena, by Eureka, and Kent's Ridge, to Brooklyn. From Homer to Grant. From Homer to Webster City. From Homestead to Little City. From Hook's Point to Webster City. From Ida, by Correctionville, to Sioux City. From Indepenclence, by Brandon, to Vinton. From Independence, by Camp Creek, and Nantville, to Janesville. From Independence, by Cedar Falls, and through the counties of Black Hawk, Grundy, Hardin, and Risley, to Fort Dodge. From Independence, by Chatham, Fairbank, and Rockl's Settlement, to Fredericksburg. From Independence, by Elk Run, and Waterloo, to Cedar Falls. From Independence, by Fairbank, Franklin, Bremer, and Leroy, to Fredericksburg. From Independence, by Greely's, Burch's Point, and Long Grove, to West Union. From Independence, by Janesville, Waverly, Bradford, and Saint Charles, to Osage. From Independence, by Laporte City, Creek, Lafayette, Mlarietta, and Iowa Centre, to Des Moines. From Independence, by Mentral, and Bradford, to Old Mission. From Indianola, by Handsome View, Oceola, White Breast, Garden Grove, South Independence, Decatur, New Buda., Nine Eagles, and Burr Oak, in Missouri, to Princeton. From Indianola, by Lawrenceburg, and Liberty Centre, to Chariton. From Indianola, by Oceola, and Leon, to Princeton, in Missouri. From Inkpadutah, to Iowa, in Dakota. From Iona to New Hartford. From Iowa City, by Capi, Homestead, Marengo, Downard, and Bear Creek, to Montezuma. From Iowa City, by Frank Pierce, Wassonville, South English, and Sigourney, to Lancaster. From Iowa City, by Marietta, to Fort Dodge. From Iowa City, through North Bend, by Henderson's Mills, Monroeville, Dutch Colony, Hickory Grove, Toledo, and Beeman's Mills, to the county-seat of Hardin County. From Iowa City, by North Bend, on the west side of Iowa River, Roberts Ferry, Shelbyville, and Western, to Cedar Rapids. From Iowa City, by Old Man's Creek, Millersburg, Deep River, Montezuma, Newton, and Parkersburg, to Fort Des Moines. From Iowa City, by Richmond, Washington, Brighton, and Walnut, to Fairfield. From Iowa City, by Solon, Ivanhoe, Mount Vernon, Fairview, Anamosa, Monticello, Bowen's Prairie, Cascade, Fillmore, and Melleray, to Dubuque. From Iowa City, by Wassonville, South English, Webster, Sigourney, and MIartinsburg, to Ottumwa. From Iowa City, by West Liberty, and Overman's Ferry, to M1uscatine. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 85 From Iowa City, by Windham, Lafayette City, Millersburg, Montezuma, and Lynn Grove, to Des Moines City. From Iowa Falls, by Alden, Otisville, Fryburg, Belmond, Burr Oak Grove, and Forest City, to Blue Earth City, in Minnesota. From Iowa Falls to Algona. From Iowa Falls, by Belmond, to Clear Lake City. From Iowa Falls, by 3Marysville, HEampton, and Saratoga, to Mason City. From Iowaville, by Troy, Stringtown, and Milton, to Memphis, in Missouri. From Iron Htill to Crabb's Mill. From Iron Hill, by Emeline, and Canton, to Cascade. From Iuka, by Toledo, Wolf Creek, and Buckingham, to Waterloo. From Jacksonville, by Pond Valley, to Cresco. From the mouth of the James River, by Blue Earth, Rocky Hill, and Sandy Hill, to Wakaudapi Hills. From Jefferson to Mansion. From Jefferson, by Adel, Van Meter, (late Tracy,) and Winterset, to Afton. From Johnsport, by Rossville, Cleaveland, Lybrand, Postville, and Clermont, to West Union. From Jonesville, by Shell Rock Village, Clarksville, Cline's Springs, Beeler's Grove, Rockford, and Owen's Grove, to Clear Lake City. From Kane, by Pigeon Mills, Boyer River, Sargeant's Bluffs, Harrison, Monona, and Waukon Court-House, to Big Sioux River. From Kane to Sargeant's Bluffs. From Keokuk, by Camargo, String Prairie, Croton, Warren, Farmington, Bonaparte, Bentonsport, Vernon, Keosauqua, Pittsburg, Lebanoll, Oak Point, Troy, Stringtown, and Taylor, to Bloomfield. From Keokuk, by Charleston, Salem, Mount Pleasant, and Crawfordsville, to Iowa City. From Keokuk, by Summitville, Charleston, Utica, Winchester, Birmingham, Libertyville, Cotton Grove, Ashland, Agency City; and Dahlonega, to Oskaloosa. From Keokuk, by Summitville, Montrose, Fort Madison, and Augusta, to Burlington. From Keosauqua, by Home, in Missouri, Upton, Iowa, and Wyanconda, to Memphis, in Missouri. From Keosauqua, by Pittsburg, Rising Sun, Philadelphia, Lick Creek, Business Corner, and lowaville, to Ashland. From Keosauqua, by Winchester, and Birmingham, to Fairfield. From Knoxville, by Attica, and La Grange, to South Fork. From Knoxville, by Barkersville, La Grange, and South Fork, to Centreville. From Knoxville, by Chariton, Argo, and Glenn's, to Garden Grove. From Knoxville to Hammondsburg. From Knoxville, by Pleasantville, Wheeling,'fhree Rivers, and Carlisle, to Fort Des Moines. From Knoxville, by Red Rock, Reedsville, and nMonroe, to Newton. From Ladora to Luzerne. From Lakin's Grove to Hawley. From Lancaster, by Potosi, in Wisconsin, to Dunleith, in Illinois. From Lancaster, by Springfield, Indianapolis, Union Mills, and Montezuma, to Big Woods. From Lansing, by Dorchester, and Bellville, to Elliota, Minnesota. From Lansing, by Indian Mission, to Fort Atkinson. From Lansing to Lycurgus. From Lansing to Twin Spring. From Lansing, by Waukon, Lyourgus, Decorah, and Fort Atlkinson, to Walnut Creek. From Le Mars to Beloit. From Le Mars to Orange. 8G POST-ROADS. From Le Mars, by Orange City, Ocheyedan, and Sibley, to Worthington, in Minnesota. From Lo Mars to Wolfdale. From Leon, by Mount Ayr, Bedford, Clarinda, and Sidney, to Nebraska City, in Nebraska. From Leon, bv Stanley's Store, and Spring Valley, to Nine Eagles. From Leoni, by Boyland's Grove, Union Ridge, Hampton, countyseat of Franklin County, and Maysville, to Iowa Falls. From Levey to Sac City. From Lewis, by Giant, to Sciola. From Lewis, by lI-anistan, Blake's Settlement, Rocky Ford, and Corey, to Sidney. From Lewis, by Mount Vernon, to Clarinda. From Lewis, by Oakfield, to Exira. From Lewis, by Quincy, to Clarinda. From Lewis, by Rled Oak Junction, to Sidney. Froml Lewis, by Smith Bell's Mill, and Sciola, to Clarinda. From Lewis, by Wheeler's Grove, Farm Creek, and Silver Creek, to Glenwood. From Lexington, by Washington, to Wassonville. From Little Sioux to Charter Oak. From Lynnville to Pleasanton. From Linton, by Morning Sun, Virginia Grove, Hope Farm, Collnmbus City, Port Allen, and Seventy-Seven, to Iowa City. From London to Monticello. From Lowden, by Oxford 1Mills and Scotch Grove, to Monticello. From Louisville to Fort Dodge. From Luzerne to Ladora. From Lyons to iMaquoketa. From Macedonia, by Bethlehem, to Glenwood. From TMacedonia, by Montgomery, and Nodaway Court-House, to Marysville, in Missouri. From Macedonia to Rled Oak Junction. From ~McGregor to Bunker Hill. From McGregor, by Decorah, New Oregon, Howard Centre, Staceyville, and Saint Auisgar, to Glen Mary and Bristol. From McGregor, by Elgin, Illyria, and New Albany, to Independence. From IMcGregor, by Elgin, and WVest Union, to Bradford. From McGregor, by Fort Atkinson, and Howard, to Osage. From IMcGregor, by Elkader, and Volga City, to Strawberry Point. From McGregor, by Elkader,'Volga City, Taylorsville, Brush Creek, and Buffalo Grove, to Independence. From McGregor to Garnaville. From MicGregor, by MoIona, and Clermont, to West Union. From McGregor, by Mlonona, Fort Atkinson, Jacksonville, and New Hampton, to Saint Charles City. From McGregor, by Monona, Hardin, Postville, Winnesbeik, Moneek, and Ossian, to Old Mlission. From McGregor to Owatonna, in Minnesota. From McGregor, by Postville, Ossian, Fort Atkinson, Jacksonville, and North Washington, to Saint Charles. From McGregor, by Elkader, and Volga, to Manchelster. From 3McKay, by Penora, and the connty-seats of Guthrie, Audubon, Shelby, and Harrison Counties, to Sargeant's Bluffs. From Magnolia, by Preparation, Belvidere, and Smithland, to Correctionville. From Magnolia, by Preparation, Belvidere, and Smithland, to Sioux City. From Mlagnolia, by the mouth of Soldier River, Cumming City, Pontenclle, Buchanan, North Bend, Columbus City, and Munroe, to Clevelanld, in Nebraskla. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 87 From Malcom to Tama City. From Manchester to Monticello,-by Milo, Golden Prairie, Hazel Green, Uniontown, Buck Creek, Grove Creek, and Downuerville. From Alanston to Algona. From Manston to Warner. From Manston, by W~onewock, to Hillsborough. From Miaquoketa to Dubuque. From Maquoketa, by Fulton, Farmers' Creek, Otto Creek, Zwingle, and Buncombe, to Dubuque. From Marengo Crossing to Millersburg. From Marengo, by Legrand, 1Marshall, Marietta, Eldora, and Homer, to Fort Dodge. From Marengo to Marietta. From Marengo, by Prairie Creek, Koszta, Toledo, Le Grand, and Timber Creek, to Marietta. From Maarengo, by Toledo, to Eldora. From Marengo, by Toledo, Indian Town, Marshalltown, Marietta, ant Nevcada, to Boonsborol. From Marengo, by Toledo, Marshall, Lafayette, Marietta, and Eldora, to Iowa Falls. From Marengo, by Millersburg, North English, Sotrth English, Edom, Scotland, Seventy-Six, and Cedarville, to Washington. From Marengo, by Irving, to Vinton. From Marietta, by Eldora, to Iowa Falls. From Marietta, by Steamboat Rock, to intersect same mail route already established. From Marietta to Fort Dodge. From Marietta, by Lafayette, Steamboat Rock, Ackley, Namantown, Hampton, Saratoga, Mainse Grove, and Doun Grove, to Mason City. From Marietta, by Nevada, Boonsboro', county-seats of'Green andc Carroll Counties, Denliison, and Belvidere, to Decatur, in Nebraska. From Marietta, by Nevada, Boonsboro', and New Jefferson, to Carrolton. From Marion, by La Fayette, and Centre Point, to Quasqueton. From Marion to Manchester. From Marion, by Wild Cat Grove, to Masonville. From Marion to Winthrop. From Marshallton, by Timber Creek, and College Farm, to Newton. From Marshallton, by Vienna, Wolf Grove, Fifteen Mile Grove, and Grundy Centre, to New Hartford. From Mason City, by Bristol, to Albert Lea. From Maysville, by Otisville, Wall Lake, and Eagle Grove, to Dakotah. From Maysville to Theresa. From Mechanicsville, by Cedar Bluffs, to Zoar. From Melrose to Centreville. From Melrose to Confidence. From Melrose to Garden Grove. From Melrose to Sparta. From Menomonee, by Mill Spring, and Plumb City, to Maiden Rock. From Miami Valley to Garner's Mill. From Minnesota City to Traverse des Sioux. From Mitchell, by Plymouth, to Mason. From Mitchell, by Staceyville, to Adams, in Minnesota. From Moneek, by Smith's Mill, Rossville, Paint Rock, and McGregor, to Prairie du Chien, in Wisconsin. Froum Monona, by Bunker Hill, Paint Rock, and Columbus, to Lansing. From Monona, by Smithfield, and Crossville, to Lansing. From Monona, by Waukon, to Rossville. From Monroe to Knoxville. From Montezuma, by BlUe Point, to Lynnville. 88 POST-ROADS. From Montezuma to Malcomb. From Montezuma, by Mill Grove, Granville, and Peoria, to Pella. From Monticello, by Castle Grove, Prairieburg, Boulder, Waubec, and Jordan's Grove, to Marion. From Monticello, by new Buffalo, and McQueen's Mill, to Paris. From Montrose, by Ambrosia, and String Prairie, to Saint Francisville, in Missouri. From Moulton to Centreville. From Mount Ayr, to Corning. From Moirnt Ayr, by Eugene, to Afton. From Mount Pleasant to Ainsworth. From Mount Pleasant, by Brighton, to Oskaloosa. From Mount Pleasant, by Trenton, alhd Germanville, to Brighton. lFrom Mount Pleasant, by Trenton, Marshall, an 1 Marcellus, to Washington. From Mount Pleasant, by New London, Wayne, Crawfordsville, Amboy, Davis Creek, Yatton, and Seventy-Eight, to Iowa City. From Mount Vernon, by Linden, and Paddington, to Wapsa. From Mount Vernon, by New London, and Paddington, to Clark's Ford. From Muscatine. by Buffalo Prairie, M3illersburg, and Aledo, to Monmouth, in Illinois. From Muscatine, by Fairport, West Buffalo, and lRockinghamn to Davenport. From Muscatine, by Onona, Columbus City, Amboy, Washington, and Sigourney, to Oskaloosa.;From Muscatine, by Pike, Seventy-Seven, Yattoai, Richmond, and North English, to Millersburg. From Muscatine, by Strawberry Hill, Columbus City, Pottsville, Amboy, Washington, Dutch Creek Valley, Lancaster, Sigourney, Springfield, iopewell, and Rose Hill, to Oskaloosa. -From Nashua, by Bradford, Chickasaw, Deerfieldl, and Busti, to Cresco. From Nasllua, by Bradford, Chickasaw, North Washington, and Busti, to Cresco. From Neola to Glenwood. From New Boston, in Illinois, by Wapello, Washington, Lancaster, Oskaloosa, Knoxville, Indianola, and Winterset, to Council Bluffs. From Newbury, by Hartland, and Bristol, to Northward. From New Jeffberson, by Lake (City, and Raccoon Fork, to Sac City. From New Oregon to Austin, in Minnesota. From New Oregon to Preston, in Minnesota. From New Oregon, by Vernon Springs, Lime Spring, Glen Rock, [Eatonville, and Le Roy, to Austin, in Minnesota. From New Sharon to Union Mills. From Newton to Clyde. From New HEampton, by Alta Vista, to Bush. From Newton, by Monroe, Red tock, and Knoxville, to Albia. From Newton, by Nevada, Smithville, and Homer, to Fort Dodge. From Newton, by Pella, Amsterdam, Knoxville, and Chariton, to Garden Grove. From Newton, by Pleasantville, to Chariton. From Newton, by the State road to Nevada. FIrom Newton, by Timber Creelk, to Marietta. From Nevada, by Iowa Centre, Peoria, and Greencastle, to Colfax. From Niobrara, by Ponka Reserve, to Chimney Rock. From Nodaway, by Centre, to Maryville, in Missonuri. From Nodaway, by Montgomery, to Macedonia. From North Washington to Alta Vista. From Northwood to Austin, in Minnesotia. From Northwvood by Gordonville, and Shellrocl, to Albert Lea, in Miinnesota. IN THE STATE OF IOWA. 89 From Northwood to Mason City. From Oak Point, by HEome, Union Corners, Chambersburg, in Missouri, Waterloo, and St. Francisville, to Alexandria. From Osceola by Lacelle, to Hopeville. From Osceola, by Prairie Grove, to Peru. From Osceola, by Saint Charles, to Greenbush. From Onawa City, by Arcola, Mapleson, and Morris, to Ida. From Onawa City, by Kennebec, Smithland, Correctionville, Cherokee, O'Brien, and Peterson, to Spirit Lake. From Onawa to Maple Landing. From Onawa to Section Eight, township eighty-five. FIrom Onawa, by Smithland, and Cherokee, to Spirit Lake. From Orleans, to Wells' Mills.:From Osage, by Shell Rock Falls, to Mason City. From Ossian, by Calmar, Buchanan, New Oregon, Vernon Springs, Morgan, and Granger, to:Foreston. From Oskaloosa to Auburn. From Oskaloosa, by Flint, Granville, Lynnville, and Sugar Creek, to Grinnell. From Oskaloosa, by Knoxville, Pleasantville, and Indianola, to Winterset, From Oskaloosa, by Knoxville, Indianola, and Winterset, to Council Bluffs. From Oskaloosa to Montezuma. From Oskaloosa, by Pella, MIonroe, Red Roclr, Bennington, Cow, Apple Grove, and Rising Sun, to Des Moines. From Oskaloosa, by Rose Hill, and Lancaster, to Richland. From Oskaloosa, by Scott, Bellefontaine, English Settlement, Knoxville, Indianola, Winterset, Wahtahwa, Cold Spring, and Macedonia, to Council BluffS. From Oskaloosa to Union Mills. From Oskaloosa, by Warrenville, Granville, and Lynnville, to Newton. From Oskaloosa, by Wilson's Ferry, Hamilton, and A. C. Wilson's,Mill, to Chariton. From Ottumwa to Chariton, by Blakesburg and Albia. From Ottumwa, by Chillicothe, and Cuba, to Albia. From Ottumwa, by Glenn's, and Garden Grove, to High Point. From Ottumwa, by Oak Springs, to Unionville. From Ottumwa, by Ormanville, to Unionville. From Ottumwa to Sigourney. From Panora, by Caplin's Grove, Garland's Grove, and Sargea!nt's Bluffs, to Sioux City. From Panora, by Dale City, to Fontanelle. From Panora to Jefferson. From Parkersburg to Marble Rock. From Pella to Knoxville. Froln Pella to Shawnee. From Phito to Bedford, by Union City, and Lexington. From Pisgah, by Adair to Cold Spring. From Pisgah, by Johnson's, to Macedonia. From Pisgah, by Quincy, and Montgomery, to Glenwood. From Plisgah, by Winterset, to Adell. From Platteville, by Mormontown, to Redding. From Port Byron, in Illinois, to Le Claire. From Port Washington to Waupacca. From Postville, by Myron, and Ludlow, to Waukon. From Postville, by Lybrand, and Ludlow, to Waukon. From Prairie (ity to Colfax. From Prairie du Chien, by Johnson's Landing, Bell's Mills, anld Waterville, to Waukon. lFrom Prairie cldu Chien, by Nezelka, Ion, Bucklalndl,Volney, and Cleveland, to Frankville. 90 POST-IROADS. From Princeton, by Germania, to Montello. From Quasqueton, by Buckilgham, Le Grand, Timber Creek, Minerva, and Parkersburg, to Fort Des Moines. From Quasqueton, by B urke, to Vinton. From Quincy to Adair. From Quincy, by Brookville, to Bedford. From Quincy to lHawleyville. From Quincy, by Van Dyke, to Cass. From Riceville, by Wentwortl, to Leroy, in Minnesota. From Reld Rock, by Paran City, and Pleasantville, to Indianola. From RichlaGnd, by Talleyrand, to Keota. From Richland Centre, by Boaz, Brady's, Yankeetown, Rising Sun, and Alexander's M3ills, to De Soto. Froni River Falls to Brookville. From RIockford to Rock Grove City. From Rockford, by Rock Grove City, Nora, Springs, Shell Rock Falls, and Plymouth, to lNorthwood. From Pochford, by west side of Shell Rock River, and Nora Springs, to Shell Rock Falls. From Rockville, by Cascade, to Canton. From Rockville, by Colony, to Elkader, Old Mission, Burr Oak Springs, Vernon Springs, Howard, Cora, and GMitchell, to Ausgar. From Sabula, to Savannah, in Illinois. From Salbula, by Sterling, Maquoketa, iand Thomas Green's, to Ana-!nosa. From Sac City to Carroll City. From Sac City, by Lane's Grove, Spirit Lake, and Springfield, in Minnesota, to Mankato. From Saint Cbarles, by Belmont, Goldfield, and Eagle Grove, to Fort Dodge. From Saint Charles, )by Freemanl's Rock, and Creelk City, to Shell Rock Falls. From Saint Charles, by Mason City, Clear Lake, Algona, and Paoli, to Moulton City. From Saint Charles, by Rockford, and Mason City, to Algona. From Salem to Colulmbus City. From Salem, by Mount Pleasant, and Stockley's, to Hope Farm. F5rom Sand Spring, by Golden Prairie, to Manchester. From Shell Ioclk Falls, by Plymouth, Northwood, Shell Rock City, and Saint Nicholas, to Albert Lea, in Minnesota. From Sibley to Beloit. From Sidney, by Bartlett, to Plum Hollow. From Sidney to Riverton. From Sigourney, by Indianapolis, to IMontezuma. From Sigourney to Montezuma. From Sigourney to Oslkaloosa. From Sigourney, by W7ebster, North Englisl, Millersburg, and Genoa Bluff; to Marengo. From Sioux City, by lower crossing of the Big Sioux River, the mouth of Vermillion River, present crossing of James River, and Chotean Creek, to Indian Agency, on the Yancton Sioux Reservec and Fort Randall. From Sioux City to Covington. From Sioux City, by L' Eauquni-court River, in Nebraska, to the South Pass. From Sioux City, by Nicolet, to Sioux Falls, in Minnesota. From Sioux City, by Niobrara, the Indian Agency of the Ponka Indians, and1 the valley of the Niobrara River, to the South Pass of the Rocky MIountains, by Chimney oclk. From Sious Citty, by Niobrara, ancd Ponka Reserve, to Fort Randal], and mouth of White Earth Itiver. From Siousx City, by Plymouth, to Spirit LakIe, IN THEt STATE OF IOWA. 91 From Sioux City, by Sargeant's Bluffs, Sinithlanld, Morris, Denison, CaTrollton, and Panora, to Adclel. From Sioux City to Sioux Falls. From Sioux City, by Sioux Falls, to the mouth of Snake River. From Sioux City, by the Vermillion River, in Minnesota, to Fort Pierre, in Nebraska. From Sioux City, by the mouth of Vermillion IRiver, anld the lower crossing of James ltiver, at the present established ferries on those rivers, to Fort Randall, in Nebraska. From Sioux City, by Vermillion, and Yancton, in Dakota, and Niobrara, in Nebraska, to Gallatin, and Bannock City, in Idaho. From Sioux City, by Yancton Agency, Fort Randall, Fort Pierre, Fort Berthol, Fort Union, mouth of Milk River, Fort Benton, Sun River Farms, and Deer Lodge, to Bitter Root Valley. From Sioux Falls to Fort Randall. From Sioux Rapids, by Douglas, and Lincoln, to Spencer. From South English to Talleyrand. From Spencer, by Sibley, and Rock Rapids, to Sioux Falls, in Dakota. From Springfield to Victor. From Spirit Lake, by Sibley, to Beloit. From. State Centre, by Minerva, Illinois Grove, and New Providence, to Eldora. From State Centre, by Minerva, Illinois Grove, New Providence, Quebec, Point Pleasant, and Cottage, to Iowa Falls. From Steamboat Rock, by Berlin, Burr al Gro Skunk Grove, Skunk Grove,.nd Webster City, to Fort Dodge. From Stewart to Jefferson. From Stillwater, by White Bear Lake, to Little Canada. From Storm Lake to Spencer. From Strawberrv Point, by Saint Sebald, and Volga City, to Elkader. Froln Stuart, by Arbor Hill, to Creston. From Talleyrand to South English. From Tipton, by Red Oak, Pioneer, Lisbon, Mount Vernon, Saint Mary's, and Saint Julien, to Marion. From Tipton, by Rome, Madison, and the centre of Jones County, to Cascade. From Tipton, by Spring Rock, Dixon, Buena Vista, Orange, De Witt, Cherry-Wood, and Lyons, to Fulton, in Illinois. From Tipton, by Walnut Fork, Highland Grove, Atnamosa, Grove. Creek, Uniontown, Castle Grove, Delhi, Little Port, Orin Glenn, Lodoinillo, and Ead's Grove, to Garnavillo. I'rom Toledo, by Boonsboro', New Jefferson, Carrolton, Denison, Belvidere, Onawa, and Cook's Landing, to Decatur, in Nebraska. l'rom Toledo to Brooklyn.'rom Toledo, by Spring Creek, to Badger Hill. F]rom Trenton, by Merrimac, and Germanville, to Brighton. ]'rom Union Mills to Hopewell. From Unionville, by Moravia, to Iconium. Fi'rom Valiska, to Marysville, in Missouri. From Vernon, by Mount Sterling, and Upton, to Memphis, in Missouri. lrom Victor to Springfield. From Vinton, by Belle Plaine, to Victor. From Vinton to Blairstown.:From Vinton to Buckingham. From Vinton, by Urbanna, and Spencer's Grove, to Qtuasqueton. From Vinton, by Yankee Grove, Collin's Grove, Union Grove, Green Mountain, Albion, Decorah, Stephenville, Houston, and Looneyville, to Menona, in Wisconsin. From Walnlut Forlk, by Madison, and the center of Jones County, to Cascade. From Wapello, by Hope Farm, Spring:Ru1n, and Crawfordsville,, to Washin gton. 92 POST-ROADS. From Wapello to Mount Pleasant. From Wapello, by Toolsboro', to New Boston, in Illinois. From Washington to Dayton. From Washington, by Marcellus, and Trenton, to MBount Pleasant. From Washington to North English. From Washington, by North English, Webster, Coal Creek, Union, and New Sharon, to Granville. From Washington, by Valley, to Lancaster. From Washington to Wassonville. From Waterloo, up Black Hawk Creek, by Grundy Centre, to Eldora. From Waterloo, by Buckingham, Crystal, Spring Creek, and Green Mountain, to Marshalltown. From Waterloo, to Fort Dodge, by Grundy Centre, and Eldora. From Waterloo, by Hudson, Grundy Centre, and Vienna, to Marshalltown. From Waukon, by French Creek, Union City, Winnebago, and Crooked Creek, to Brownsville, in Minnesota. From Waukon, by Rossville, Volney, and Council Hill, to McGregor. From Wanukon, by Rucds, Dorchester, and Wilmington, to Caledonia, in Minnesota. From Waukon, by Waterville, Bell's Mlill, and Johnson's Landing, to Prairie du Chien, in Wisconsin. From Waverly to Hampton. lFrom Waverly to Shell Rock. From Webster, by Hewitt, Buffalo Grove, and Blue Earth City, to Mankato, in Minnesota. From Webster to Luni. From Webster, by Peck's, Cooper's, and Indianapolis, to Hopewell. From Webster City to Belmont. From Webster City, by Cropper's Grove, to Mankato, in Minnesota. From Webster City, by Dacotah City, Paoli, and Irish Colony, to Spirit Lake. From Webster City to Grant. From Westfield, by Greeley's Grove, to Independence. From West Liberty, by Pedee, to Rock Creek. From West Liberty, by Pike, to Port Allen. From West Mitchell, by Plymouth, and Mason City, to Clear Lake. From West Point to Salem. From West Side, by Levey, Boyer Valley, and Eden, to Storm Lake.:From West Union to Bradford, by Saint Charles. From West Union, by Clermont, to McGregor. From West Union, by Eldorado, to Decorah. From West Union, by Fredericksburg, Williamstown, and Bradford, to Nashua. From West Union, by Fredericksburg, and Bradford, to Saint Charles. From West Union, by Lodi, Cook's, Jacksonville, Prairieville, Howard, Wilksburg, Cardiff, Mitchell, Saint Augar, and Orville, to Jordan, and Austin, in Minnesota. From West Union, by Wapsi, Buck Run, and Martinsburg, to Waverly. From Wheatland, by Toronto, and Burgess, to Monmouth. From Wilton Junction, by Tipton, to Loudon Station. From Winterset, by Adel, to Boonesboro'. From Winterset, by Afton, Bedford, and Maryville, to Savannah, in Missouri. From Winterset, by Allen, andl Panora, to Jefferson. From Winterset, by Fontenelle, to Lewis. From Winterset to Des Moines. F'rom:Winterset, by La Porte, and Osceola, to ILeon. From Williamstown, by New Hampton, North Washington, and Deerfield, to.Cresco. IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. 93 From Winterset, by Peru, to Osceola. From Winterest, by Quincy, Clarinda, and Marysville, to Savannah, in Missouri. From Winterset, by Quincy, and Sidney, to Table Creek, Old Fort Kearney, in Nebraska,. From Winthrop to Fayette. From Wiscotta, by Bolds, Holliday's Settlement, and Clarksville, to Fontenelle. From Woodbine to Shelby. From Woodman, by Millerville, Mount Iope, and Tafton, to Beetown. From Worthington, by Sheffield, to Cascade. From Wyoming, to Loudon, crossing the Wapsapinicon River, at Oxford City. From Yatton to Columbus City. IN THE STATE OF KAANSAS. Kansas. From Abiline, by Buckeye, Cheever, and Lovejoy, to Clay Centre. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Abiline, by Holland, Newbern, Hope, and Dillon, to Carlton. 230, v. po, p. 536. From Abiline, by Newbern, and Mud Creek, to Marion Centre. 3 March, 1855, c. From Allen to Columbia. 211,v. 10, pp. 713, 714. From Alma, by Cobb, and Exonville, to Council Grove. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Alma, by Council Grove, to Cottonwood Falls. 168, v. 11, p. 128. From Alma, by Grimm, Moss Springs, Weston, and Kent, to Junction 3 March, 1857, c. City. 109, V. 11, pp. 239, From Alma, by Moss Springs, and Rebecca, to Parkersville. 14 June, 1858, c. From Alma, by Newbury, and Plowboy, to Silver Lake. 162, v. 11, pp. 347From Alma, by Newbury, to Saint Mary. 349. From America City to Centralia. 27 Mar., 1860, Froml America City, by Seneca, to Pawnee in Nebraska. 7 Feb 61, p. 4. From America City, by Savannah, to Vienna. 57, v. 1, 1. 57, From Arkansas City, by Guelph, South Haven, and Alton, to Caldwell. 158. From Atchison to America City. 2 June. 1862, C. From Attica to Cawker City. 95 June. 12, p.64, c. From Atchison to De Foe. 175, v. 13, p. 318. From Atchison, by Doniphan, Troy, Higbhland, and Iowa Point, to 3 March, 1865, c. White Cloud. 104, v. 13, pp. 525, 526. From Atchison to Fort Kearney. 14 Mar., 1866, c. From Atchison to Holton. 16, v. 14, p. 6. From Atchison, by Independence Spring, to Grasshopper Creek. 18 July, 1866, c. From Atchison, by Kennekuk, Burnside, Powhatan, and Capsiomi, 1Ov. 14, pp. 189, to AMarysville. 26 July, 1866, c. From Atchison, by Lancaster, America, Irving City, and Blue River, 267, v. 14, p. 287. to Clifton. 2 March, 1867, c. From Atchison, by Lancaster, Monrovia, Morgota, Eureka, America, 191, v. 14, p. 552 and Clear Creek, to Merrimac. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Atchison, Lby Lancaster, Muscotah, Eurelka, Ontario, and 35, v. 15, p. 47. America, to Vermillion. 25 July, 1868, ce From Atchison to Marysville. 2.:4,.,. From Atchison, by Mount Pleasant, and Millwood, to Easton. 31 March, 18. 69,., From Atchison, by Pardee, Grasshopper Falls, and Mount Florence, 329. to Topeka. 5 March, 1870, c. From Atchison, by Saint Nicholas, Winchester, and Oskaloosa, to 22, v. 16, i. 7l. From Atchison, 14 July, 1870, c. Lawrence. 273, v. 16, pp. 283, From Atchison, by Syracuse, Normanville, and Claytonville, to Elia- 284. watha. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Atchison to Topeka. 20 April, 16, p. 462. 20 April, 1871, c. From Atchison to Vermillion. 28, v. 17, p. 17. From Auburn, by Dover, and Grant, to Newvburg. 14 May, 1872, c. From Augusta, by Ninnescah, Belle Plaine, and Meridian, to Caldwell. 159, v. 17, pp. 105From Augusta to Oxford. O June, 1872, C. From Augusta, by Pollcreek, and Ninnescah, to Oxford. 427, v. 17, p. 384. 94 POST-ROADS. 3 March, 1873, c. From Aurora to Beloit. 255, v. 17, PP. 5'8- From Baxter Springs, by Centralia, to Lewistown. 5 1s;0.> From Baxter Springs to Sherman. From Belle Plaine to Oxford. From Belleville, by Prairie Plains, to Dryden, in Nebraska. From Beloit, by Salt Creek, and Lincoln Centre, to Ellsworth. From Big Bend, by Elnia, Albion, and Joy Creek, to Steele City. From Big Timber, by Greenville, Burr Oak, White Mound, and Salem, to Cora. From Bloomingdale, by Marion Centre, to Florence. From Bluffton, by Mulberry, to Brookville. From Bosland, by East Wolf, Pittsburg, and Waconda, to Cawker City. From Bosland, by Sylvan Grove, and Vesper, to Pottersburg. Fromn Britton to Douglas. ZFrom Brookville to Colmar. From Bunker Hill, by Lura, to Osborne City. From Bunker Hill to Zarah. From B urlington to Belmont; From Burlington, by Lyndon, Fairfax, anlldIichardsoni to Carbondale. From Burlington to Madison. Fromn Burlington, by Madison, to Chelsea. From Burlingame, by Onion Creek, and Marias des Cygues, to Neosho PRa. pids. From Burlington, by Verdigris Falls, Fall River, and Indiana City, to E1 Dorado. From Burlington, by Woodson Centre, Nicaragua, Verdigris, and Salem, to Sherman, in Texas. From Burr Oak, by TWhite MIounds, Oaklanld, ad Athelns, to Cawker City. From Butler, in Mlissouri, by M31enika, Shannon, Hyatt, Hampden, Burlington, Ottumwa, California, Italia, and Emporia, to Council Grove. From Canola to Greenfielde. From Carlyle, by Geneva, to Neosho Falls. From Carthage, by Wirtonia, Columbus, Millersburg, Oswego, Elston, MIount Valley, Independence, and Wrightsville, to Walnut City. From Casca to Greenfield. From Cawker City, by Ionia, Jewell Centre, and White Roclk, to Hebron, in Nebraska. From Cawker City, by Jewell Centre, White Rock, and Great Bend, to Meridian, in Nebraska. From- Cawker City, by Jewell, Bellville, and Fairbury, to Beatrice. From Cawker City, by Kirwin, and Deer Creek, to Fort Kearney. IFrom Cawher City, by Osborne, to Ball's City. From Cawker City, by Porter's Ranch, Covington, and Norton, to Miendota. From Cawker City to Wilson. From Cedar Point, by Bill's Creek, Joseph Adalns, and Towanda to Whitewater Junction. From Cedron to Freewill. From Cedron to Pittsburg. From Centralia, by Neuchatel, to Vienna. From Centropolis to 3lfarion. From Chelsea to Diamond Springs. From Chetopah to Albertis, in the Cherokee Nation. From Chetopah to Fort Gibson. From Chetopah, by Parker, to Arkansas City. From Chetopah, by Parker, to Caney. Frol-n Chetopah, to Sherman, in Texas. From Chetopah, by Westralia, and Big Hill, to Coyville. Yrom Circleville to Wetmore. From iClay Ceutrse, by Brown Rock, andl Butler, to Washington, IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. lrom Clay Centre, by Exeter, Athelstane, New Grant, and Guthrie, to Abiline. Frzm Clay Centre, to iMiarion Centre, by Abiline. From Clay Centre, by Powellsburg, and Alert, to ltandolph. From Clyde, by Concordia, Vicksburg, Jewell City, Oakland, Cawker City, Gaylord, and Cedarville, to Kirwin. From Clyde, by Shirley, to Murphy. From Cofachiqui, by Belmont, to Pleasant Grove. From Cofachiqui, by Le Roy, to Columbia. From Coffeyville, by Peru, and Cedar Vale, to Arkansas City. From Colorado City, to Diamond Springs, on the Independence and Santa Fe route. From Colorado City to Pawnee Fork. From Colorado City, by Tarry all, to Breckenridge. From Columbia to Council Grove. From Columbus, by Lostine, to Checo. From Concordia:, by Arion, Glascoe and Rock Hill, to Ellsworth. From Concordia to Asherville. From Concordia, by Aurora, to Cawker City. From Concordia, by Granny Creek, to Beloit. From Concordia:, by Lake Sibley, to Bellville. From Concordia, by Oak Creek, Murphy, and Grover, to Minneapolis. Froml Concordia, by Oak Creek, and Pilot Rock, to Zahnville. From Concordia, by Pipe Creek, -Minneapolis, Lindsey, Salina, and Lindsburg, to Wichita. From Cottonwood Falls, by Bazaar, to Chelsea. From Cottonwood Falls to Beach Valley. From Cottonwood Falls, by Cedar, Bames, and Towanda, to Gates. From Cottonwood Falls, by Diamond Springs, to Junction City. From Cottonwood Falls, by Fox Creek, Woodhull, Hymer, Diamond Springs, Far West, a.nd Leland, to Skiddiy. From Cottonwood Falls to Junction City. From Cottonwood Falls to Lincolnville. From Cottonwood Falls, by Middle Creek, Lincolnville, and Clear Creek, to Salina. From Cottonwood Springs, ill Nebraska, to Denver City. From Council Grove to Abiline. From Council Grove, by Cottonwood Falls, Eldorado, and Fort Arbuckle, to Sherman. in Texas. From Council Grove, by Kenton, and Riley City, to Fort Riley. From Council Grove, to intersect Santa Fe mail near Fort Larned. From Council Grove, by Fort Riley, to Pawnee, From Council Grove to Marion Centre. From Council Grove, by Orleans, Italia, Columbia, Leroy, Neosho Falls, and Cofachiqui, to Fort Scott. From Cuba, by Bellville, to New Scandinavia. From DeeVersville to Graham. From Deeversville to Norton Centre. From Delphos to Beloit. From Delphos, by Solomon River, to WVaconda. From Denver City, to Boulder, in Nebraska. From Denver City, to Breckenridge, by Baden and Tarryall. From Denver City, to Colorado City. From Denver City, down the Platte River, to Julesburg. From Denver City, to 3Missouri City, by Arapahoe, Golden City, Golden;Gate, and Mountain City. From Denver City to Mountain City. From De Soto, by Garcldner, to Ossawatomie. From Doniphan, by Geary City, and cPalermo, to Wathena. From Doniphan, by Green Top, to Pleasant Grove, From Doniphan, by Wolf River, to Highland. From IDouglas, by Osawkeo, to HighlaLnd. 96 POST-ROADS. From Douglas, by Saint Joe, Ninnescah, and Merritram, to Caldwell. From Douglas to Walnut City. From Dover to Burlingame. From Effingham, by Hatton, to Saint 3M]ary's 3Mission. From Eldorado to Arkansas City. From Eldorado to Douglas. From Eldorado, by Little Walnut, Hickory Creek, and Rock Creek, to Elk Falls. From Elk City, by Boston, and Cloverdale, to Cedar Vale. From Elk City, by Colfax, Farmersburg, and Fulda, to Cedar Vale. From. Elk Falls, by Belklnap, and Cloverdale, to Cedar Vale. From Elk Falls, by Boston, and Cloverdale, to Cedar Vale. From Elk River, by Wrightsville, and Coffeyville, to Parker. From Ellis, by county-seats of Phillips, and Norton Counties. lroin EllswQrth, by Brookdale, and Now Cincinnati, to Peace. From Ellsworth, by Elk Horn, Lindsay, and Clay Centre, to Parallel. From Ellsworth, by Jewell City, to Grand Island, in Nebraska. From Elwood to Capiona. From Elwood to Marysville. From Emerald to Mineral Point. From Emporia to Arkansas City. From Emporia, by Bayard, Chelsea, and El1 Doradlo, to Towanda. From Emporia to Cottonwood Falls. From Emporia, by Dow Creek, Hill Creek, and One-hundred-andforty-two Creek, to Washara. From Emporia, by Eagle Creek, Madison Centre, Willow Creek, and WTolf Creek, to Eureka. From Emporia, by Madison, Janesville, and Eureka, to Independence. From Emporia, by Madison, Janesville, and Noonday, to Eureka. From Emporia, by MIadison, Shell Rock, Pleasant Grove, and Post Oak, to Fort Roe. From Emporia, by Matfield Green, to Wichita. From EDmporia to Sac and Fox Agency. From:Endora, by Hesper, to Olathe. From Enterprise, by Ottumwa, Sac and Fox Agency, Greenwood, Ottawa, and Paol]a, to Harrisonville, in Missouri. From Eskridge, by Rock Creek, to Council Grove. From Eureka to Albany. From Eureka to Arkansas City, by Grouse Creek. From Eureka, by Christiana, to Cottonwood Falls. From Eureka, by Christiana, and Lapland, to Miatfield Green From Eureka to Eldorado. From Eureka to Elk R iver. From Eureka, by Northward, to Western Park. From Eureka to Winfield. From Eureka, by Upper Elk River, and Grouse Creek, to Cresswell From Far West to Diamond Springs. From Floral, by New Salem, to Cabin Valley. From Fort Hays, by Bull's City, Cedarville, Emmaville, and Waterloo, to Fort Kearney, in Nebraska. From Fort Larned to Larned. From Fort Leavenworth, by Leavenworth City, to Lawrence. From Fort Leavenworth, or Leavenworth City, up the north side of Kansas River, by Stranger'Creek, Crossings, Dawson Store, Hickory Point, Ozawkie, Whitfield, Soldier Creek, Silver Lake, Catholic Mission, Rock Creek, and Blue, to Fort Riley. From Fort Leavenworth to Fort Riley. IFrom Fort Leavenworth to the Sac and Fox Agency. From Fort Leavenworth, by Lawrence, WVilson Springs, Pottawvattamie, and Sugar Creelk, to Fort Scott. From Fort Leavenworth to Tauromee. From Fort Riley, by Batchelder, to Gatesville. IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. 97 From Fort Riley, by Randolph, and Vermillion City, to Marysville. From Fort Riley, by Reader, to Vermillion City. From Fort Scott, by Allington, Reno, Worcester, Pleasant View, and Clarksville, to Petersville. From Fort Scott, by Barnesville, to West Point. From Fort Scott, to Baxter's Springs, by Pleasant View, and Petersville. From Fort Scott, by Baxter's Springs, Toliquet, and Fort Gibson, to Fort Smith, in Arkansas. From Fort Scott, by Breckinridge, in Missouri, Hard Wood, Medoc, Carthage, Neosho, Harmon's Mill, Elkridge, Pineville, and White Rock Prairie, to Bentonville. From Fort Scott, to Catholic Mission, in the Osage Nation. From Fort Scott, by Cato, Crawfordsville, and Hamilton, to Monmouth. From Fort Scott, by Cato, Monmouth, and Millersburg, to Chetopa. From Fort Scott, to Cofachiqui, thence by Le Roy, to Columbia. From Fort Scott, by Cow Creek, Mr. Baxter's, Hudson's, Z. Daniel's, Sulphur Springs, Landrum's, John Alberty's,- Pryar's Creek, Duncan's, Brady's Ferry, Arkansas River, N. Fork, Town Creek Nation, Gary's, and Boggy D)epot, to Preston, in Texas. From Fort Scott, to Crawford Seminary, in Missouri. From Fort Scott, by Dr. Stockton's, Old Pottawattamie Mission, and Henry Sherman's, to Hibbard. From Fort Scott to Fort Atkinson. From Fort Scott to Fort Union. From Fort Scott to Mapleton. From Fort Scott, by Mapleton, and Xeuia, to Garnett. From Fort Scott to Marmaton. From Fort Scott, by Mill Creek, Dayton, Mapleton, and Blue Mounds, to Garnett. From Fort Scott to Neosho, in Missouri. From Fort Scott, by Thomas Polk's, to West Point, in Missouri. From Fort Sibley to Salt Marsh. From Fort Smith, in Arkansas, by Fort Gibson, to Pawnee Fork. From Fredonia to Coysville. From Fredonia to Elk City. From Fredonia to Eureka. From Fredonia, by Neodosia, and Independence, to Parker. From Fredonia to Saint Clair. From Garnett, by Centreville, and Paris, to Blooming Grove. From Garnett to Fort Scott. E rom Garnett to Fredonia. From Gaylord, by Joy's Store, to Osborne City. From Gayville, by Graystone, and Guilford, to Verdi. From Gerome to Avon. From Girard to Fredonia. From Girard to Jacksonville. From Girard, by IHopefield, Iowa City, and Stevenson. to Midway. From Girard, to Lamar, in Missouri. From Girard, by Mulberry Grove, to Arcadia. From Girard to Pleasant View. From Grasshopper Falls to latton. From Grasshopper Falls, by Ozawkie, and Oskaloosa, to Lawrence. From Great Bend to Medicine Lodge. From Greenville, by Oakland and Iowa, to Athens. From Guilford, to Oswego, by Fort Roach. From Hay's City to Fort Dodge. From Hay's ityg, by Stockton, Phillippi, and Philipsburg, to Republican City. From Hiawatha to Brownsville. Fromn Hiawatha, by Muscatah, to Grasshopper Falls. R $ III —— 7 98 POST-ROADS.:From Holden, by Clarion, Pendell, and Smithfield, to Augusta. From Holton to Topeka. From Howard, by Elk River, to the Verdigris River. From Humboldt, by Belmont, Pleasant' Grove, Eureka, Eldorado, and Whitewater Junction, to the mouth of Little Walnut. From Humboldt to-Catholic Mission. From Humboldt, by Coonville, Lightning Creek Valley, Chetopah, Cabin Creek, and Alburdes, to Fort Gibson. From Humboldt, by Eureka, to Eldorado. From Humboldt, by Catholic Mission, and McGee City, to Grand Falls, in Missouri. From Humboldt, by Gray Stone, to Albany. From Humboldt to Guilford. From Humboldt, by Guilford, and Fredonia, to Salt Springs. From Humboldt to Elepler. From Humboldt, by Newport, to Chetopa. From Humboldt, by Osage, Catholic Mission, and Chetopah, to Fort Gibson. From Humboldt, by Osage City, Catholic Mission, Free Point, and Saint John, to Fort Gibson. From Humboldt, by Prairie du Chien, Montgomery City, Claremont, and Westphalia, to Parker. From Humboldt, by South Branch of Bull Creek, down the East Branch of Buffalo Creek to its mouth, to Coyville. From Humboldt, by Verdi and Neodosia, to Independence. From Humboldt to Wichita. From Hutchinson, by Atlanta, to Fort Zarah. From Hutchinson to Camp Supply. From Hutchinson, by Crow Creek Valley, Breakdale, and Plumb Creek, to Ellsworth. From Hutchinson, by Sherman, and Pomeroy, to Camp Supply, in the Indian Territory. From Independence to Caney. From Independence, by Grafton, and Center, to Cloverdale. From Independence, in Missouri, by Kansas, the Settlement at the mouth of Huesfona, on the Upper Arkansas, and Little Salt Lake Settlement, at the head of Nicolet River, to Stockton, in California. From Independence to Winfield. From Iowa Point to Mount Roy. From Iowa Point to Swain's Store. From Iowa Point to White Cloud. From Irving to Clay Centre. From Italia, by Council Grove, to Buchanan. From Iuka to Jackson. From Jarbella to Hoge. From Jeftersonville, by Cana River, to the State Line. From Jewell, by Aurora, to Beloit. From Jewell, by Burr Oak, to Red Cloud. From Jewell to Cawker City. From Jewell, by Delta, to White Rock. From Jewell, by Oakland, and White Mound, to Red Cloud, in Nebraska. From Jewell, by Smith Centre, to Philipsburgh. From James' Crossing, by Vienna, to Westmoreland. From Junction City to Batchelder. From Junction City, to Denver, in Colorado. From Junction City, by Gatesville, to Washington. From Junction City, up Lynn Creek, to Marion Centre. From Junction City to Manhattan. From Junction City, by the Republican River, to Fort ]Kearley, in Nebraska. From Junction City, by south side of Republican River, Quimby's, Cain's Settlement, and Elk Creek, to WVashington. IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. 99 From Junction City, by Quimby, Cain's Creek, Five Creeks, Mulberry, and Elm Creek, to Lake Sibley. From Junction City, by Smokey Hill, to Denver City. From Junction City, by the Solomon River, to Ayersville. From Kansas City, in Missouri, by Delaware City, to Leavenworth City. From Kansas City, in Missouri, to Fort Riley. From Kansas City, in Missouri, to Fort Scott. From Kansas City, in Missouri, to Lawrence. From Kansas City, in Missouri, by Oskallassa, to Ozawkie. From Kansas City, in Missouri, by Wyandotte, and Jacksonville, to Ozawkie. From Kansas City, in Missouri, by Wyandotte, Quindaro, and Delaware City, to Leavenworth City. From Kansas City, in Missouri, by Wyandotte, Quindaro, and Lawrence, to Lecompton. From Kennekuk, by Lancaster, to Farmington. From Kennekuk to Louisville. From Kickapoo City, by Crooked Creek, to Grasshopper Falls. From Kickapoo, by Pensandus, to Grasshopper Creek. From Kirwin, up Deer Creek, to the northwestern corner of Phillips County. From Kirwin, by Philipsburg, Almena, and Norton, to Billingsville. From Kirwin, by Philipsburgh, and Granite Bluff, to Melrose, in Nebraska. From Kirwin, by Truesdale, and Darling Ranch, to Prairie Dog City. From Kirwin to the western line of the State. From La Cygne, by Cady, Goodrich, and Sugar Valley, to Garnett. From Ladore, by Timber Hill, Cherryville, Morgan City, and Independence, to Louisburg. From Lake Sibley, by Fannie, and Clinton, to Garley. From Lawrence, by Baldwin City, and Black Jack, to Paola. From Lawrence, by Big Springs, Brownville, Fremont, and Alma, to Ashland. From Lawrence, by Big Springs, Shields, and Brownville, to Salina. From Lawrence, by Black Jack, and Stanton, to Ossawatomie. From Lawrence, by Bloomington, Richardson, and Italia to Emporia. From Lawrence to Burlington. From Lawrence, by Centropolis, Sac and Fox Agency, and Oread, to Burlington. From Lawrence, by lolling, Marion, Michigan Valley, and LaMount Hill to Lyndon. Fromn Lawrence, by Minneola, and Sac and Fox Agency, to Burlington. From Lawrence, by Oskaloosa, Grasshopper Falls, Monrovia, and Pardee, to Atchison. From Lawrence, by Oskaloosa, to Grasshopper Falls. From Lawrence, by Oskaloosa, Grasshopper Falls, Hamlin, Falls City, and Brownsville, to Nebraska City, in Nebraska. From Lawrence, by Ossawatomie, to Fort Scott. From Lawrence, by Palmyra, Ohio City, and Deer Creek, to Humboldt. From Lawrence, by Prairie City, Ottawa Creek, Shannon, Hyatt, and Cofachiqui, to Humboldt. From Lawrence, by Shields, to Sumner. From Lawrence, by Willow Springs, to the Sac and Fox Agency. From Leavenworth, by Atchison, Sumner, Doniphan, Palermo, Elwood, White Cloud, Rulo, in Nebraska, Nemaha, and Brownsville, to Nebraska City. From Leavenworth, by De Soto, to Ossawatomie. From Leavenworth, and Fort Leavenworth, by Kennekuk, to Palmetto. From Ieavenwortl, by Fort Leavenworth, Kiclkapoo, Fort William, 100 POST-ROADS. Sumner, Mount Pleasant, Atchison, Doniphan, Rock Creek, Walnut Grove, and High Land,. to Iowa Point. From Leavenworth, by Grasshopper Falls, and lHoulton, to Fort Riley. From Leavenworth, by Kickapoo, Atchison, Doniphan, and Bryant, to Whitehead's. From Leavenworth, by Middleton, to Lecompton. From Leavenworth, by Nerato, Easton, Shields, Ozawkie, Mount Florence, Indianola, Silver Lake, Saint Mary's Mission, Rock Creek, Manhattan, Ogden, Fort Riley, and Kansas Falls, to Buchanan. From Leavenworth, by Oskaloosa, Grasshopper Falls, iHolton, Circleville, and Lincoln, to Seneca. From Leavenworth, by Oskaloosa, to Lecompton. From Leavenworth, by Platte City, in Missouri, to Cameron. From Leavenworth, by Pratt's Mission, Monticello, Olathe, Spring Hill, Paola, Paris, Moneka, Mound City, Mapleton, and Dogtown, to Marmaton. From Leavenworth on the old military road as now established, by Salt Creek Valley, Mount Pleasant, Rusk, Alley's, Cuyuga, Kennekuk, Locknanes, Palmetto, and Marysville, to Fort Kearney, in Nebraska. From Leavenworth, by Stanley's, Mooney, Grasshopper Falls, Rock Point, and Vermillion City, to Dyer's. From Leavenworth, by Stranger Creek, Hicekory Point, Ozawkie, Whitfield, Saint Mary's Mission, Vermillion River, Big Blue, and Pawnee, to Fort Riley. From Lecompton, by Bloomington, and Versailles, to Italia. From Lecompton, by Davis, and Midway, to Paola. From Lecompton, by Glendale, to One Hundred and Ten, or Ricehardson. From Lecompton to Marysville. From Lecompton to Richardson. From Lecompton, by Walkamsa, Ottawa Creek, MeKinney, and Stanton, to Ossawatomie. From Leroy to Belmont. From Leroy, by Belmont, and Coyville, to Fredonia. From Leroy to Hampden. From Leroy to Neosho Falls. From Leroy to Pleasant Grove. From Lodianca to Brookdale. From Logan, by Norton, to Republican City. From Longton, by Crafton, to Peru. From Louisburg, by New Lancaster, Fontana, and Greeley, to Garnett. From Louisville, by John Collin's, to Irving. From Lindsborg to Hutchinson. From Lyndon to Burlington. From Lyndon, by Olivet, Kedron, and Martindale, to Burlington. From Manhattan, by Belle Garde, Oak Grove, and Johnson, to Frankfort. From Manhattan, by Clay County, to Lake Sibley. From Manhattan to Irving. From Manhattan City to Marysville. From Manhattan, by Westmoreland and Savannah, to Council Grove. From Mapleton, by Magnolia, and Vernon, to Humboldt. From Marion Centre, by Coneburg, Holden, Sedgwick City, and Parl; City, to Wichita. From Marion Centre, by lMoore's Branch, and Sharp's Creek, to Ellsworth. From Marion Centre to Peabody. From Marion Centre, by Sycamore Springs, and Eureka, to New Albany. From Marion Centre to Wichitta. Fromr Marmaton, by Cato, Owego, Logansport, Lafayette, and Wheaton, to Cherolkee City. IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. 101 From Marysville, by Cottonwood, Trading Post, to Washington. From Marysville, by Mberriinac, St. George, and Waubousa, to Wilmington. From Marysville to Nottingham. From Medina to Oskaloosa. From Medina, by Oskaloosa, Winchester, and Easton, to Leavenworth. From Medina, to Carthage, in Missouri. From Merrimac to Eaton City. From Middle Creek to Lincolnville. From Minneapolis, by Alianthus, Milo, and Blue Hill, to Pittsburg. From Minneapolis to Salina. From Minneapolis, by Salt Creek Valley, to Cawker City. From Missouri City, by Spanish Bar, and Idaho, to Breckinridge. From Mission Creek to Alma. From Monmouth, by Lewistown, to Oswego. From Monticello to Olathe. From Mound City, to Cherokee City, by Mannaton County, and Monmouth. From Mound City, by Oakwood, to Garnett. From Mound City, by Trading Post, to Pleasant Hill, in Missouri. From Mountain City to Boulder. From Mount Cenis to Chapman's Creek. From Muscotah to Hiawatha. From Muscotah, by Kennekuk, to Hiawatha. From Muscotah to Westmoreland. From Neodosha, by Sternerton, Jerett, and Longton, to Elk Falls. From Neosho Falls to Albany. From Neosho Falls, by Belmont, to Syracuse. -From Neosho Falls, by Mount Airy, to Liberty. From Neuchatel to Nottingham. From New Chicago to Fredonia. From New Scandinavia, by Gomeria, and White Rock, to Big Timber. From New Scandinavia to Jewell. From New Scandinavia, by White Rock City, Greenville, White Mound, Sweeny's Ranch, Ballard, and Gaylord, to Fort Hays. From Newton, by Brookdale, to Fort Zarah. From Newton, by Hutchinson, and Fort Zarah, to Fort Dodge. From Ogden to Parallel. From Ogden to Randolph. From Ohio City, by Central City, to Neosho Falls. From Ohio City, by Cresco, to Le Roy. From Oregon, in Missouri7 by Iowa Point, to Highland. From Oregon, in Missouri, by Iowa Point, to Nemaha Agency. From Osage to Morgan. From Osage Mission, by Girard, to Carthage. From Osage, to Papinsville, in Missouri. From Osage Mission to Crawfordsville. From Osage Mission, by Fort Roach, to Big Hill. From Osage Mission, by Monmouth, to Pleasant View. From Osage Mission, by Sherman City, and Hamlin, to Petersville. From Osage Mission, by Sherman, Salamanca, and Petersville, to Neosho, in Missouri. From Ozawkie to Mount Florence. From Osborne, by Connell's Rauch, and Russell, to Fort Zarah. From Osbornej by valley of the Solomon, to west line of the State. From Oskaloosa, by Dimon, to Tonganoxie. From Oskaloosa, by Woodstockl Prairie View, and Chester, to Lawrenlle. From Ossawatomie, by Jackson, Centreville, and Oakwood, to Xenia. From Ossawatomie to Neosho City. Fronm Ossawatomie, by Paris, to Montgomery. 102 POST-ROADS. From Osawatomie, by Henry Sherman's, to the Sac and Fox Agcnqy. From Ossawatomie, by Shumansville, and Ohio City, to Sac and Fox Agency. From Ossawatomie to Walker. From Ossawatomie, by Walker, and Shannon, to Neosho. From Oswego, by Big Hill, Salt Spring, Elk River, and Douglas, to Wichita. From Oswego, by Cannville, and Westvalia, to Parker. From Oswego, by Cherokee City, Centralia, and Pleasant View, to Carthage. From Oswego, by Elm Grove, to Parker. From Oswego, by Neola, Mount Valley, Timber Hill, Big Hill, and Liberty, to Independence. From Oswego, by Ripon, and Dora, to Parker. From Ottawa, by Berea, Mount Gilead, and Oakwood, to Mound City. From Ottawa, to Burlingame, by Sac and Fox Agency, and Valley Brook. From Ottawa, by James Carroll's, Jackson Mark's, and Mineral Point, to Burlington. From Ottawa, by Centropolis, to Topeka. From Ottawa to Corona. From Ottawa to Lane. From Ottawa to Osage City. From Otter Lake, by Johnson, to Belle Garde. From Ottumwa, by Madison, Janesville, Eureka, and Darley's Mills, to Salt Spring. From Oxford, by Remanto, to Arkansas City. From Oxfordl, by South Haven, to Caldwell. From Ozawkie, by Pleasant Hill, and Indianola, to Topeka. From Palermo to Kennekuk. From Paola, by Brooklyn, and Paris, to Sugar Mound. From Crawford Seminary, by Tahlequah, to Fort Smith. From Paola, by Miami, and Madora, to Blooming Grove. From Paola, by Miami Village, New Lancaster, and Rockville, to West Point, in Missouri. From Paola, to Rockville, by Miami Village, to New Lancaster. From Paola, by Ossawatomie, Bloomington, and Paris, to Sugar Mound. From Parker, to Sherman, in Texas. From Park's Fort, by Graham Center, and Irwin Mounds, to Norton Center. From Parsons, to Smithfield, in Missouri. From Pawnee Fork, by Fort Wise, to Pueblo. From Pawnee to Marysville. From Pawnee to Reeder. From Peabody, by Plum Grove, and Spring Branch, to Towanda. From Perryville to Oskaloosa. From Perryville, by Oskaloosa, and Easton, to Leavenworth. From Perryville, by Ozawkie, to Grasshopper Falls. From Peru to Elgin. From Peru, by Mount Vernon, to Grafton. From Pleasant Grove, by Cayville, Graystone, Guilford, and Verdi, to the'mouth of Fall River. From Pleasant Grove to Twin Falls. From Pleasant Hill, in Missouri, by Blooming Grove, to Mound City. From Pleasant Hill, in Missouri, by High Blue, Aubrey, Squiresville, and Spring Hill, to Baldwin City. From Pleasant Hill, in Missouri, by Plum Grove, Spring Hill, Gardiner, and Franklin, to Lawrence. From Pleasanton to Humboldt; From Pleasauton, by Mound City, and Blue Mound, to Ozark. IN THE STATE OF KANSAS. 103 From Pleasanton, by Mound City, and Wall Street, to Garnett. From Prairie City, by Centropolis, to Burlingame. From Pueblo, up the Arkansas River, by Cannon City, Kellar's Bar, California Gulch, and Georgia Gulch, to Breckinridge. From Pueblo to Colorado City. From Quindaro, by Shawnee, Olathe, Paola, Ossawatomie, Shannon, and Hyatt, to Burlington. From Quenetmo to Tecumseh. From Raymond, by Rattle Snake Valley, to Simaron Salt Mines. From Raymond, by Sherman, to Caldwell. From Raysville, by Osage, Dayton, Turkey Creek, and Rockford, to Pawnee City. From Republican City, by Fairview, and Princeville, to Concordia. From Republican City to Newton Centre. From Richardson, by Italia, to Columbia. From Rising Sun, by Arcola, to Grasshopper Falls. From Rock Creek to Elizabeth. From Rockford to Marmaton. From Rogersville, by Nemaha Agency, to White Cloud. From Rossville, by Maple Hall, and Newburg, to Alma. From Rubo, in Nebraska, to Topeka. From Russell, by Cornell's Ranch, Harvey's Ranch, Greeley City, Osborne, Tilden, Gaylord, Cedarville, and South Centre, to Lowell, in Nebraska. From Russell, by Landon's Ranch, and Blood Creek, to Great Bend. From Russell, by Monticello, Stockton, and Deeversville, to Norton. From Russell, by Osborne, Gaylord, and Ballard, to Red Cloud, in Nebraska. From Russell, by Paradise Creek, Covert Creek, Osborne, Gaylord, Ballard, Covington, and Waterloo, to Fort Kearney, in Nebraska. From Russell, by West Paradise, Cedarville, Covington, and Cora, to Red Cloud. From Sabetha, to Falls City, in Nebraska. From Sac and Fox Agency to Burlington. From Sac and Fox Agency to Le Roy. From Sac and Fox Agency to Pleasant Grove. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Elwood, and _Kennekuk, to Grasshopper Falls. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Elwood, Wathena, Palermo, Geary, Doniphan, and Ozawkie, to Lecompton. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Great Nemaha Agency, and Urbanna, to Marysville. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Highland, to Marysville. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Iowa Point, Mount Roy, Hamlin, Central City, Highland, and Urbanna, to Marysville. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, to Kennekuk. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Palermo, Geary, Doniphan, Monrovia, and Grasshopper Falls, to Topeka. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Rushville, Sumner, and Oskaloosa, to Lawrence. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Whiteheads, Rogersville, and Troy, to Walnut Grove. From Saint Joseph, in Missouri, by Wathena, Winona, Hiawatha, Carson, and Central City, to Marysville. From Saint Mary's, by Eskridge, to Emporia. From Salina, by Black Warrior, and Farland, to Hutchinson. From Salina, by Elk Horn, and Spillman's Creek, to Waconda. From Salina, by Elm Creek, to HIutchinson. From Salina, by the Kansas Salt Company's Works, Oalkland, and Minneapolis, thence up the Solomon iriver Valley, by Usher's Creek, to the mouth of Oak Creek. From 8alina, by Liudsborg, and EHuatchinson, to Pomeroy. 104 POST-ROADS. From Salina, by Ottawa County, up the Salina River Valley, to the mouth of Spillman's Creek. From Salina, by Pliny, Empire, and Spring V'alley, to Newton. From Salina, to Wilkeson. From Salt Marsh, by Lake Sibley, to Delphos. From Sargent, to Pueblo, in Colorado Territory. From Seapo, by Shirely, and Meredith, to Lamar. From Seneca, by Pleasant Valley, in Nebraska, to Miles RaneL From Seneca, by Centralia, Nottingham, Barrett's Mill, and Irving, to Manhattan. From Shawnee Mission to Rosedale. From Shumanville, by Shannon, to Cofachiqui. From Skiddy to Diamond Springs. From Solomon City, by Poheta, to Pliny. From Solomon City to Wichita. From Springdale to Oskaloosa. From Spring Hill, by Shannon, Hyatt, and Stanton, to Neosho City. From Strawn, by Ottumwa, to Lebo Creek. From Sugar Mound, by Paris, and Brooklyn, to Westport. From Sumner, by Chikasklia, to-Caldwell. From Sumner to Wellington. From Tanqua to California Gulch. From Tecumseh, by Baptist Mission, Union Town, and Waupansa, to Pawnee. From Tecumseh, by Richland, to Sac and Fox Agency. From Tecumseh, by Wakarusa, to IRichardson. From Tecumseh, by Wakarusa, to the Sac and Fox Agency. From Timber Hill to Parsons. From Tioga to Altoona. From Topeka, by Auburn, to Alma. From Topeka, by Auburn, Burlingame, Superior, Key West, Ottnlm vw-a, Burlington, Leroy, Deocha Falls, Geneva, and Iola, to Humboldt..From Topeka, by Brownsville, to Council Grove. From Topeka, by Brownsville, Wilmington, and Kansas Centre, to Emporia. From Topeka, by Brownsville, Wilmington, Waushara, Allen, and Orleans, to Plymouth. From Topeka, by Burlingame, to Forest Hill. From Topeka to Burlington. From Topeka, by Grasshopper Falls, to Sumnuer. From Topeka, to Holton, Kennekuk, and Troy. From Topeka, by Holton, and Sabetha, to Nebraska City. From Topeka, by Indianola, and Mitchell's Mills, to Holton. From Topeka, by Mill Creek, and Alma, to Junction City. From Topeka, by Mission Creek, to Council Grove. From Topeka, by Nebraska City, to Mount Pleasant, and Burlington, in Iowa. From Topeka to Ottawa. From Topeka, by Quincy, and Eagle City, to Shell Rock Falls. From Topeka to the Sac and Fox Agency. From Topeka, to Saint Joseph, in Missouri. From Topeka, by Springfield, to Council Grove. From Topeka, by Wabaunsee, Zeandale, and Ashland, to Fort Riley. From Toutsville to Hillsdale. From Towanda to the mouth of Little Arkansas River. From Troy, by Doniphan, and Atchison, to Leavenworth. From Truesdale, by Philipsburg, and Granite Bluff, to Oxford. From Twin Mound to Auburn. From Twin lMound, by Valley Brook, Michigan City, and La Mont Hill, to London. Frolm Twin Springs, by Broolilyn, and Trading Post, to Butler, in Missouri. IN THE STATE OF KAkNSAS. 105 From Union to Spring Creek. From Valley Centre, by Park City, to Eldridge. From Verdigris Falls, by Virgil, to Pleasant Grove. From Vermillion, by Irving, to Eatonsville. From Wamego, by Alma, to Council Grove. From Warrensburg, in Missouri, by Harrisonville, and Paola, in Kansas, to Ossawatomie. From Warsaw, in Missouri, by Butler, to Montgomery. From Washington, by Haddam, and Cuba, to the county-seat of Republic County. From Washington, by Haddam, to Salt Marsh. From Washington to Hanover. From Washington to Jenkins' Mills. From Washington to Junction City. From Washington to New Scandinavia. From Waterville, by Ballard's Falls, Hanover, Limestone, Jenkins' Mills, and Fairbury, to Meridan, in Nebraska. From Waterville, by Clifton, Clyde, and Lawrenceburg, to Lake Sibley. From Waterville, by Clyde, to Concordia. From Waterville to Marysville. From Waterville, and Peach Grove, to Lima. From Waterville to Scandinavia. From Waterville to Washington. From Waterville to Wichita. From Wathena to Claytonville. From Wathena, by Columbus, to Iowa City Point. From Waveland, by Williamsport, and Richland, to Clinton. From Wellington, by South Haven, to Caldwell. From West Point to Brooklyn. From West Point to Paris. From West Point, in Missouri, by Thomas Polk's and Old Catholic Mission, to Doctor Stockton7s, on Sugar Creek. From Westport, in Missouri, by Bloomington, Paris, and Sugar Mound, to Cofachiqui. From Westport, in Missouri, by Bull Creek, Black Ja!ck, One Hundred and Ten Mile Creek, and Council City, to Council Grove. From Westport, in Missouri, by Franklin, Lawrence City, Tokesha, Douglass City, Lecompton, and Tecumseh, to Whitfield. From Westport to Fort Scott. From Westport, in Missouri, by Olatka, Saint Bernard, Prairie City, and Ottawa Creek, to Sac and Fox Agency. From Westport, in Missouri, by Paola, Ossawatomie, Miami Village, Centreville, Sugar Mound, Carbondale, and Little Osage, to Fort Scott. From Westport, in Missouri, by Powell's Store, and Saint Bernard, to Sac and Fox Agency. From Westport, in Missouri, by Shawnee, Lexington, Franklin, Lawrence,;Kanwaka, Lecompton, Big Springs, Tecumseh, and Topeka, to Indianola. From Westport, in Missouri, by Shawnee Mission, Tomahawk Creek, and Aubrey, to New Saint Louis. From Westport, in Missouri, by Spring Hill, Stanton, Shumansville, and Greeley, to Neosho City. From Westport, in Missouri, by Wea Mission, Ossawatomie, Miami Agency, Sugar Creek, Mine Creek, and Little Osage, to Fort Scott. From Weston, in Missouri, by Jaton, to Atchison. From Wetmore to Albany. From White Cloud, by Hiawatha, to Natawaka. From White Cloud, by Hiawatha, and Sabetha, to Seneca. From White Cloud to Iowva Point. From White Cloud, by Pandonia, Hamburgh, Central City, Richmond, and Seneca, to Marysville. Fromn Whiteheal's, by HIighland, anld Iowa Point, to Story'-; Lancding. 106 POST-ROADS. From White Mound, by Oakland, and Ionca, to Athens. From Wichita, by Arkansas River, to the mouth of Grouse Creek. From Wichita to Augusta. From Wichita, by Bellplaine. and Oxford, to Arkansas City. From Wichita to Clear Water. From Wichita, to Fort Sill, in Indian Territory. From Wichita, by London, and Wellington, to Caldwell. From Wichita to Medicine Lodge. From Winfield, by Oxford, to Sumner. From Wichita, by Sumner, Caldwell, Cheyenne, Wichita Agencies, and Fort Hill, to Jackson, in Texas. From Wichita, by Walnut, to Arkansas City. From Wichita to Wellington. From'Wichita to Winfield. Fromn Wilmington to Alma. From Winfield, by Oxford, to Wellington. From Woodson Centre, by Mantaw, Littletown, Lebeete, and Quapaw Agency, in the Quapaw Nation, to Neosho, in Missouri. From Wyandotte to Leavenworth. From Wyandotte, by Quindaro, Six Mile House, White Church, and May Wood, to Tonganoxie. From Xenia to Walnut Hills. From Youngstown to Florence. Kentucky. IN THE STATE OF KENTUCKY. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Albany, by Elliott's Cross-Roads, and Pall Mall, in Tennessee, 230, v. 10, pp. 477- to Jamestown. 482. From Alexandria, by Carthage, Flag Spring, Motier, and Locust 3 March, 1855, c. Mills, to Augusta. 211, v. 10, p. 708. 18 Aug., 1856, c From Ashland, in Kentucky, to Guyandotte, in Virginia. 168, v. 11, pp. 127, From Ashland to Stewart's Tunnel. 128. From Augusta to Brookville. 3 March, 1857, C. From Augusta, by Brookville, Powersville, Petra, and. Milford, to 109, v. ii, p. 234. 14 June, 1858, c. Claysville. 2,. 11, pp. 346, From Augusta to Germantown. 347. From Aurora, by lico, Shiloh, Murray, Locust Grove, Conyersville, 27 Feb., 1861, c. in Tennessee, Paris, Albany, and Macedonia, to HEuntingdon. 57, v. 12, pp. 158,, 159.. From Barboursville, by London, to Boston. 2 June, 1862, c. Frojm Barboursville, by Meadow Creek, to Whitley Court-House. 95, v. 12, p. 415. From Bardstown to Bloomfield. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Beattyville to Compton. 55, v. 12, p. 663. 30 June, 1864, c. From Beattyville to Jackson. 175, v. 13, p. 318. From Beattyville to Thompsonville. 3 March, 1865, c. From Bells Trace, by New Hope, to Head of Paint. 10426 Juy3, 1866 5 mFrom Benton, by Birmingham, and Vogle's Lime Kiln, to Eddyville. 267, v. 14, p..287. From Benton, by Briensburg, and Cabrest, to Smithland. 2 March, 1867, c. From Benton, by Fair Dealing, Aurora, Hico, and Shiloh, to Murray. 191, v. 14, p. 552. From Benton, by Walker's Store, and Symsonia, to Mayfield. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Big Clifty Station, by Hudsonville, to Constantine. 35, v. 15, p. 47. 25 July, 1868, c. From Blaine to Paintsville. 244, v. 15, p. 189. From Blandville to Barlow City. 3 March, 1869, c. From Blaudville, by Belle Ombre, and Hazlewood, to Caledonia, in 131, v. 15, p. 329. 5 March, 1870, c. Illinois. 22, v. 16, p. 71. From Blaudville, to Cairo, in Illinois. 14 July, 1870, c. From Blandville, by Milburn, Clinton, and Lodgton, to Hickman. 273, v. 16, p. 284. From Boonville to Hazle Green. 10281, eb. 16, pp. 46 From Bowling Green, by Claypool, and Gainsville, to Scottsville. 463. From Bowling Green, by South Union, Allison, Russellville, Days16 Jan., 1872, c. ville, Elkton, Fairview, Hopkinsville, Belleview, Cadiz, Canton, Golden 6, v. 17, p. 25. Pond. Aurora, Wadesboro', Mayfield, Fancy Farm, and Milbulrn, to 14 May, 1872, c. Columbus. 159, v. 17, pp. 104, 105. IN THE STATE OF KENTUCKY. 107 From Bowling Green, by Warrenton, Swan Creek, Woodl)ury, Mor- 1( June, 1872, c. gantown, and Cromwell, to Hartford. 427, v. 17, p. 384. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bradfordsville, by Mannsville, and Casey's Creek, to Neatsville. 255, v. 17, p. 591. From Bradfordsville to Liberty. From Bradfordsville, by William T. Weatherford's, on Rush Branch, Power's Store, and Low's Gate, to Hustonville. From Brandenburg, by Constantine, Flint Island, Cedar Grove, Union Star, and Stephensport, to Cloverport. From Brandenburg, by Meadville, and Hudsonville, to Litchfield. From Brewer's Mill, by Farmington, and Huverd's Mill, to Boydsville. From Brownville to Rocky Hill. From Buffalo to Siloma. From Burksville, by Grider, to Celina Junction. From Bush's Store to Flat Lick. From Bryantsville to Harrodsburg. From Cadiz to Linton. From Cadiz, by Donaldson Creek, to Linton. From Cadiz, by Donaldson, to Limeport, in Tennessee. From Cadiz to Rockcastle. From Cadiz to Rockford. From Cadiz, by Trillis' Store, to Cherry Hill. From Calhoun, by Livermore, to Hartford. From Calhoun to Sevia. From Calvert City, by Haddock's Ferry, and Dycusburgh, to Fredonia. From Calvert City, by Palma, and Simpsonia, to Florence. From Campbellsville to Neatsville. From Campton to Fitchburg. From Canton, by Vance's Ferry, to Murray. From Carrollton, by Sandifer's Store, to Campbellsburg. From Carrollton, by Winona, to Bedford. From Carrollton, by Worthville, and Port Royal, to Drennon's. From Caseyville to Dixon. From Caseyville to Morganfield. From Caseyville to Providence. From Cattlettsburg, by Cannonsburg, Bott's Fork, Sulphur Spring, and Cherokee, to Blair. From Cattlettsburg, by Round Bottom, Louisa Court-House, Paintsville, Prestouburg, Lanesville, and Coal Grove, to Piketon. From Chaplain, by Snider's, and Duncan, to Cornishville. From Clarksville, in Tennessee, by Garnetsburg, Lafayette, and Roaring Springs, to Cadiz. From Clinton, by Cummin's Mill, to Blaundville. From Clinton, to Dresden, in Tennessee. From Clinton, by Dublin, to Mayfield. From Clinton, by Sullivan's Store, and Baltimore, to Wingo Station. From Cloverport, by Falls of Rough, and Caneyville, to Bowling Green. From Cloverport, by Fordsville, Hines's Mills, Pleasant Grove, Hartford, North Creek, Point Pleasant, and Livermore, to Worthington. From Coalton to Mount Savage Furnace. From Columbia, by Breeding's, to Burkesville. From Columbia, by Millersville, Creelsborough, and Seventy-Six, to Albany. From Columbia, by Montpelier, Jamestown, and Horseshoe Bottom, to Monticello. From Columbus, by McClure's, to Blandville. From Compromise, to New Madrid, in Missouri. From Covington, by Bank Lick, to Independence. From Crab Orchard, by Lancaster, to Bryantsville. From Crittenden to Falmouth. From Cumnberland Ford, by La Fontaine, Letcher, and Harlan CourtHouse, to Jonesville, in Virginia. From Cumnberlandl Ford,lbsy Parton's Store, to Boston. 108 POST-ROADS, From Cynthiana, by Oddville, to Claysville. From Cypress to Marion. From Danville, by the Danville, Dix River, and Lancaster Turnpike Road, to Lancaster. From Danville, by Milledgeville, Hustonville Middleburg, Liberty, and Neatsville, to Columbia,. From Danville, by Mitchellsburg, and Haysville, to Lebanon. From Danville, by Stanford, Walnut Flat, Crab Orchard, and Mount Vernon, to London. From Dixon to Marion. From Dixon to Princeton. From Dixon, by Providence, to Creswell. From Dublin, by Fancy Farm, Wilson's Creek, and Kansas, to Paducah. From Eddyville, by Birmingham, to Benton. From Eddyville, by Parksville, to Cadiz. From Elizabethtown, by Big Spring, to Hardinsburg. -From Elizabethtown to Buena Vista. From Elizabethtown, by Cofer, Hodgensville, Oak Hill, Allendale, Summerville, Greenburg, and Haskinsville, to Columbia. -From Elizabethtown, by Stevensburg, Grayson's Springs, Litchfield, Caneyville, Morgantown, Berry's Lick, and Rabbitsville, to Russellville. From Elizabethtown to the Wolf Spring. From Elizaville Station to Flemingsburg. From Elkton, by Trenton, Roscoe, and Pea, Ridge, in Tennessee, to Clarksville. Froml Estil's Furnace to Winchester. From Falmouth to Foster's. From Falmouth by Grassy Creek, Fiskburg, and Piner's Cross Roads, to Crittenden. From Falmouth, by Havilandsville Claysville, Kentontown, Mount Olivet, Sardis, and Murpheysville, to Washington. From Falmouth to Milford. From Flat Lick to 3Manchester. From Flat Lick, along the old Wilderness and Raccoon road, to Bush's Store. From Florence to Benton. From Florence, by Burlington, and Middle Creek Mills, to Bullitsville. From Fordsville to Pellville, From Forest Retreat, by Carlisle, Weston, and Moorefield, to Carter's Store. From Fort Washington, to Chaplintou, by Fairfield and Bloomington. From Frankfort, by Dorsey's, to Versailles. From Frankfort, by Elk Fork, Monterey, Owenton, New Liberty, Poplar Grove, and Glencoe to Warsaw. From Frankfort, by Forks of Elkton, White Sulphur, Great Crossings, Georgetown, Newton, and Centreville, to Paris. From Frankfort, by Peak's Mills, to Owenton. From Fredonia to Dixon. From Fredonia to Eddyville. From Flumgravy, by Plummer's Landing, and Pine Grove, to Upper Tygart. From Garnettsville to Big Spring. From Georgetown, by Grifley's Office, Beatley's Mills, Lee's Mills, Bassett's Store, and Slampertown, to Owenton. From Georgetown, by Oxford, Leesburg, and Broadwell, to Cynthiana. From Germantown, by Minerva, Dover, and Monticello, to Huntsville. From Ghent, to Vevay, in Indiana. From Gladesville, in West Virginia, by Willow Lick, and Head of Poor Fok1,' to Jobhn Sturgel's. IN TIE STATE OF KENTUCKY. 109 From Glasgow, by Merry Oaks, Engleside, and Smith's Grove, to Bowling Green. From Glasgow, by Randolph, Edmondton, Marrowbone, and Burkesville, to Albany. From Glasgow, by Rockland Mills, Gradyville, East Fork, and Sugar Plant, to Columbia. From Glasgow, by Rocky Hill, Peter's Creek, Dry Fork, Sulphur Lick, andc Toimpkinsville, to Centre Point. From Glasgow, by Roseville, Frederick, and Enon, to Lafayette, in Tennessee. From Glasgow, by Three Forks, Mammoth Cave, Brownsville, Grayson's Springs, Litchfield, and Hudsonville, to Hardinsburg. From Grayson Court-House, by Bruin, Little Sandy, and West Liberty, to Hlazle Green. From Grayson Court-House, by Buffalo Furnace, Laurel Furnace, and Raccoon Furnace, to Greenup Court-House. From Grayson Court-House, by Mount Savage, Bolt's Fork, and Falls of Blaine, to Louisa Court-House. From Grayson Court-House, by Oldtown, and Greenup Court-House, to Haverville, in Ohio. From Grayson Court-House to Paintsville. From Greenburg, by Laurel Grove, Catalpa Grove, and Glenn Brook, to Mumfordsville. From Greensburg, by Vaughn's Store, to Edmondton. From Greensburg, by James Whitlock's, on Greasy Creek, to Edmondton. From Greenville, by Pond River Mills, Ellwood, Madisonville, Nebo, Providence, Ashland, Bordley, and Longxwood, to Morganfield. From Greenville, by Rochester, to Morgantown. From Greenville, by South Carollton, Hartford, Brigg's Mills, and Planter's Hall, to Hardinsbnrg. From Greenupsburg, by Old Steam Furnace, Clinton Furnace, Cannonsburgh, New Hope, and Botts' Store, to John Bife's. From Greenupsburg, up the East Fork of Little Sandy River, to Isaac Bott's, thence to Louisa. From Grumville, by Deer Creek, to Rolling Fork. From Hardinsburg, to Hudsonville. IFrom Hardinsburg, by Stevensport, to Rome, in Indiana. From Hardinsville, by Rough and Ready, Lawrenceburg, Salvisa, McAfee, and Harrodsburg, to Danville. From Hardinsville, by Southville, and Harrisonville, to Mount Eden. From Harrodsburg, by Cornishville, Mlackville, Willisburg, Beechland, and Springfield, to Lebanon. From Harrodsburg, by Perryville, in Texas, Springfieldl, and Frederickstown, to Bardstown. From Hartford, by Buck Horn, and Buford's, to Owensboro'. From Hartford to Madisonville. From Harlan Court-House, by Poor Fork, to Brashersville. From Hawesville to Cannellton. From Hazard, by Joseph Eversole's, and Crocketsville, to Boonville. From Hazle Green, by Estill's Steam Furnace, to Irvine. From:Hazle Green, by Frozen Creek, Jackson, and Lost Creek, to Perry Court-House. From Henderson, by Spottsville, to Owensboro'. From Henderson, to Steamport. From Hodgensville to New Haven. From Horse Kane to Bucksville. From Hopkinsville, by Atkinson, Little Prairie, and Earle's, to Rumsey. From Hopkinsville, by Bainbridge, Pollard's Tan-Yard, Princet on, Edldyville, Ross' Ferry, and Smithfielcl, to PadCucah. -110 POST-ROADS. From Hopkin sville, by Cadiz, Wallonia, Rock Castle, Bil'mingham, Briansburg, and Palmer, to Paducah. From Hopkinsville, by Church Hill, Genoa, Garretsburg, Newstead, Lindsay's Mills, Roaring Spring, La Fayette, and Lineport, in Tennessee, to Pine Bluff. From Hopkinsville, by Greenville, and Ceralvo, to Hartford. From Hopkinsville, by Pembroke, Trenton, Hadensville, Sadlersville, in Tennessee, Keysburg, and Barren Plain, to Springfield. From Hopkinsville, by Wooldridge's Store, William's, Underwood. Madisonville, Mulberry Grove, Carlo, and Cairo, to Henderson. From Hickman, by Lodgtown, Morse's Station, Lynnville, Murray, Good Bridge, New Providence, and New Concord, to Saint John. From Hickman, by Moscow, and Ralphton, to Feliciana. From Hillsboro', by Bangor, to West Liberty. From Hurricane to Marion. From Hustonville, by Middleburg, and Adaml's Mills, to Somerset. From Irvine to McKee. From Irvine, by Proctor, Booneville, South Fork, and Sexton's Mills, to Manchester. From Irvine to Vienna. From Jackson to Booneville. From Jackson, by the main county road, crossing the middle fork of the Kentucky River, to Proctor. From Jamestown to Cumberland City. From Jamestown to Rowena. From Jericho, by Sligo, to Bedford. From John Lewis' to Whitesburg. From Kingston, by Menelos, to Mount Vernon. From Lancaster, by Buckeye, Mouth of Paint Lick, and Sulphur Mill, to Nicholasville. From Lancaster to Crab Orchard. 2From Lancaster, by Paint Lick, and Kirksville, to Richmond. From Lebanon, by Bradfordsville, Liberty, Poplar Hill, and Adam's Mill, to Somerset. From Lexington, by Georgetown, Little Eagle, Ray's Fork, Williamstown, Dry Ridge, Crittenden, Walton, Florena, Dry Creek, and Covington, to Cincinnati. From Lexington, by Keene. Pekin, and Pleasant Hill, to Harrodsburg. From Lexington, by Moreland, Houston, Paris, Ruddle's Mills, Cynthiana, Callensville, Falmouth, Ash Run, Flower Creek, Grassy Creek, and Covington, to Cincinnati, in Ohio. From Lexington, by Moreland, Houston, Paris, Millersburg, Carlisle, Black Hawk, Elizaville, Helena, and North Fork, to Maysville. From Lexington, by Nicholasville, Jessamine, Brvantsville, Danville, Perryville, Lebanon, New Market, Campbellsville, Greensburg, Monroe Centre, Three Springs, Park, and Blue Spring Grove, to Glasgow. From Lexington, by Pine Grove, Winchester, and Mount Sterling, to Owingsville. From Lexington, by Walnut Hill, Cleveland, White Hall, Richmond, Rogersville, Kingston, Joe's Lick, Big Hill, and Mershon's Cross-Roads, to London. From Liberty to Monticello. From Licking Station, by Elliottsville, and Jackson, to Booneville. From Line, to New Madrid. in Missouri. From London, by Bush's Store, to Manchester. From London, by McHargue's Mills, Lynn Camp, Barboursville, Flat Lick, Cumberland Ford, Yellow Creek, Cumberland Gap, in Tennessee, Tazewell, Sycamlore, Thorn Hill, Bean's Station, and Marshall's Ferry, to Russellville. From T~ondon, by Pond Creek, and Grey Hawk, to Booneville. From ILondon, by YWToodbine, and Roclhold's, to Whitely Court-House. From London, by Sublimity, to Somerset. IN THE STATE OF KENTIUCKY. 1i1 From Louisa, by Bantrem's Store, Falls of Tug River, Warfield Coal Mining Company, George Clark's, and Mouth of Pigeon Creek, in West Virginia, to Louisville. From Louisville to Brownsboro'. From Louisa Court-House, by Grape Vine, John's Creek, Tug, Big Creek, Forks of Sandy, and Warfield, to Louisville. From Louisa to Louisville. From Louisa, by Warfield, to Louisville. From Louisa, by Wayne and Logan Counties, ill West Virginia, to mouth of Pond Creek. From Louisville, by Fairfield, to Bloomfield. From Louisville, by Fern Creek, Hay's Spring, Mount Washington, High Grove, Bardstown, Poplar Neck, New Haven, Oak Hill, Magnolia, Green River, Clear Point, and Bear Wallow, to Glasgow. From Louisville, by Jeffersontown, Fisherville, Wilsonville, Taylorsville, and Bloomfield, to Chaplin. From Louisville, by Lacona, Salina, West Point, Red Hill, Elizabethtown, Nolan, Leesville, Mumfordsville, Woodsonville, Woodland, Prewett's Knob, Three Forks, and Dripping Springs, to Bowling Green. From Louisville, by Madison, in Indiana, Carrollton, Vevay, in Indiana, Ghent, Warsaw, Patriot, in Indiana, Hamilton, Rising Sun, in Indiana, Aurora, Petersburg, Lawrenceburg, in Indiana, and E'ijah's Creek, to Cincinnati, in Ohio. From Louisville, by Saint Matthew's, Middleton, Long Run, Simpsonville, Shelbyville, Clay Village, Hardinsville, and Bridgeport, to Frankfort. From Louisville, by the plank-road, to Tippecanoe. From Louisville, by Williamson, Clove's Depot, La Grange, Smithfield, Eminence, Midview, Pleasureville, Cropper's Depot, Christiansburg, Consolation, Frankfort, Midway, and Payne's Depot, to Lexington. From Madisonville to Caseyville. From Madisonville to Garnettsville. From Madisonville to Morganfield. From Manchester to Harlan Court-House. From Manchester, by Red Bird Creek, and Cumberland River, to Mount Pleasant. From Manchester, by Reuben May's Steam Mill, Red Bird Creek, Red Bird, and with the county road to the Cumberland River, and np said Cumberland River, to Harlan Court-House. From Madisonville, by Vanderburgh, Saint Joseph, and Dixon, to Morganfield. From Marion, by Camp Creek, Bell's Mines, and Cypress, to Morganfield. From Marion, by Walker's, and Cave-in-Rock, in Illinois, to Equality. From Marrowbone to Celina. From Mayfield, by Bacchus Mills, and Kirksey, to Wadesboro'. From Mayfield, by Cuba, and Dukedom to Dresden. From Mayfield, by Fair Oaks, and Clear Springs, to Simpsonia. From tMayfield, by Stubblefield, and Cuba, to Linnville. From Mayfield, by Wilson Creek, Lovelaceville, Hinkleville, and Hazlewood, to Barlow City. From Maysville, by Minerva, to Dover. From Maysville, by Orangeburg, Poplar Flat, Clarksburg, Vanceburg, Kinniconick, Rock Creek, Tygart's Creek, Truittsville, Springville, Greenup Court-House, Amanda, and Pollard's Mills, to Catlettsburg. From Maysville, by Slack, Germantown, Brookville, Powersville, and Pleasant Ridge, to Falmouth. From Maysville, by Washington, Oak Woods, Blue Lick Springs, and Forest Retreat, to Millersburg. From aMcKee to Big Hill. 112 POST-ROADS. From McKee, by William Golden's, and Reedville, to Mount Vernon.;From Middletown, by Eakin Road, to Shelbyville. From Montgomery, by Cherry Hill, to Roaring Springs.:From Morganfield to Dixon. From Morganfield, by Gum Grove, to Caseyville. From Morganfield to Marion. From John Morris' to Whitesburg. From Morton to Rockville. From Moscow, by Clinton, and Spring Hill, to Milburn. From Mount Gilead to Orangeburg. From Mount Pleasant to Crank's Creek. From Mount Pleasant, by Isaac W. Huff's, to Jonathan Richmond's, in Virginia. From Mount Sherman to Landville. From Mount Sterling, by Aaroll's Run, Mount Ida, and North Middletown, to Paris. From Mount Sterling, by 0amargo, Cash's Nob, Laurel Fork, Black Water, Hazle Green, Johnson's Fork, and Licking Station, to Prestonburg. From Mount Sterling, by Howard's Mills, Peeled Oak, Olympian Springs, Highland, Gill's Mills, and Cassity's Mills, to West Liberty. From Mount Sterling, by Levee, Kiddville, and Red River IronWorks, to Irvine. From Mount Sterling, by Sharpsbnurg, Bethel, Sherburne's Mills, Pin Hook, Flemingsburg, and North Fork, to Maysville. From Mount Washington to Shepherdsville. From Mount Vernon to Somerset. From Munfordville, by Wild Cat Mills, and Ream's Chapel, to Dickey's Mills. From Murray, by Boydsville, Dukedom, and Feliciana, to Hickman. From Murray, by Cook's Valley, and Lynnville, to Feliciana. From Murray, by Harrisburg, to Boydsville. From Murray, by Nelw Concord, to Pine Bluff. From Murray, by New Providence, and Albertson's Mills, to New Concord. From New Castle, by Campbellsburg, Bedford, and Miltou, to Madison, in Indiana. From Newcastle, by Springport, and Marion, to New Liberty. From New Concord, to mouth of Sandy River, in Tennessee.'From New Haven to the Nelson Furnace. From Niew Haven, by New Hope, Loretta, Lebanon, Raywick, and Rolling Fork, to New Haven. From New Liberty to Ghent. From Newport, by Cold Spring, Alexandria, Bird's Woods, and Tibbatt's Cross-Roads, to Flower Creek. kFrom ]Newport, by Covington, to Cincinnati, in Ohio. From Olive Hill, by Epperhart's, and Blair's Mills, to West Liberty.:From Olive Hill to Portsmouth. From Owenton, by Macedonia, and Gardner's, to mouth of Sugar Creek,. From Owenton, by Squireville, to Springfort. From Owensboro', by Crow's Pond, Ashbysburg, and Hall, to Madisonville. From Owensboro' to Knottsville. From Owensboro', by Long Falls Creek, Calhoun, Rumsey, Social Hill, Worthington, Bremen, Greenville, Lead FHill, Fruit Hill, Pilot Knob, and Clifty, to Elkton. From Owingsville, by Marshall, Farmler's, Triplett, Knapp's, Upper Tygart, Olive Hill, Grayson, Star Furnace, and Cannonsburg, to Catlettsburg. From Owingsville, by Wyoming, Hillsboro', Poplar Plains, Flemingsburg, and Mount Carmel, to Mount Gilead. IN THE STATE OF KENTUCKY. 1 13 From Paducah, by Barlow City, to Cairo, in Illinois. From Paducah, by Benton, Wadesboro', and Murray, to Paris, in Tenll nessee. From Paducah, by Exchange, Symsonia, and Benton, to Aurora. From Paducah, by Jamestown, Newton:s Creek, and Hazlewood, to Blandville. From Paducah, by Lovelaceville, Blandville, Elm, Melvin, Wilson's Creek, Mayfield, Clark's River, Farmington, and Leander, to Boydsville, in Tennessee. From Paducall, by Mayfield, and Boydsville, to Paris, in Tennessee. From Paducalh, by Mayfield, to Casey's Station, in Tennessee. From Paducah, 1by ilayfield, Feliciana, and Lodgton, to Hickman. From Paducah, by Melvin's, Massack, Lovelaceville, Blancldville, Milburn, Clinton, and Mloscow, to Hickman. From Paintsville to Blair. From Paintsville to Salyersville. From Paris, by Flat Rock, and Sharpsburg, to Owingsville. From Paris, to Winchester, by Stony Point. From Perry Court-House, by Begley's, to Manchester. From Perry Court-House, by Brashersville. to Whitesburg. From Petersbunrgh, to Cincinnati, in Ohio, by Bullittsville, and Constance. From Piketon, by Louisville, to Logan Court-House, in West Virginia. From Piketon, by Mouth of Card, to Richland's. From Pilketon, by Robinson's Creek, Democracy, Whitesburg, Pound, in Virginia, Big Glades, and Guest Station, to Osborne's Ford. From Pikeville to Warfield. From Pleasureville, by Franklin gton, Lockport, and Gratz, to Owenton. From Poplar Flat, by Martin's Fork, to Concord. From Poplar Plains, by Plummer' s Mills, White Oak Hill, Triplett, Christy's Fork, and Little Sandy, to WVest Liberty. From Prestonburg, by Boone Valley, to Perry Court-House. From Prestonburg to Warfield. Froml Princeton, by Chalk Level, alnd McGarie's, to Madisonville. From Princeton, by Eddyville, and Dyersburg, to Smithland. From Princeton: by Long Pond, and Wallonia, to Cadiz. From Princeton by Montezuma, Shady Grove, and Farmersville, to Providence. From Princeton, by Parkersville, to Cadiz. From Princeton, by Simm's Store, and Wallonia, to Montgomery. From Princeton, by Wallonia, to Cadiz. From Princeton, by Walnut Grove, Fredonia, Marion, Crittenden Springs, and Salem, to Smithland. From Providence, by Clyde, to Vanderburgh. From Providence, by Dixon, to Poole's Mills. From Red River Iron-Worls to Stanton. From Richmond, by Breckville, and Walnut Valley, to Kidwell. From Richmond, by Elliston, to Irvine. From Richmond to Lexington. From Robinson's Station, by Curry's Run, Richland, and Antioch, to Havilandsville. From Rucker's Station, by Brown's Landing, to Smithland. From Russellville, by Buena Vista Springs, and Gordonville, to Elkton. From Russellville, by Hague, Franklin, Hickory Flat, New Roe, Scottsville, and Hilton, to Tompkinsville. From Russellville, by Henrysville, and Laurel Bluff, to Greenville. From Russellville, by Quality Valley, Rochester, Brown's Grove, Tippecanoe, and Beaver Dam, to Hartford. From Russellville, by Volney, Allensville and Haydensville, to Cllarksville, Tennessee. Fromn Salem, by Berry's, to Golconda, in Illinois. From Samuel's Depot to Chapli:l. R S III —-8 114 POST-ROADS. From Scottsville, by Allen's Springs, to Bowling Green. From Shelbyville, by Eminence, and New Castle, to Drennon's. From Shelbyville, by Southville, and Jesse's Store, to Mount Eden. From Smithland, by Salem, Marion, and Fredonia, to Princeton. From Smithland Station to Smithland. Fromu Somerset to Columbia. From Somerset, by Dabney, and Woodstock, to Crab Orchard. From Somerset, by Grundy, Dallas, Line Creek, and Rose Hill, to London. From Somerset to Knoxville. From Somerset, by Point Burnside, Tate's Store, Robert's Store, and Pine Knot Tavern, to Marsh Creek. From Somerset, by Smith's Ferry, and Craig's Ferry, to Rockhold's. From Somerset, by Stone's, Brawner, Kelly's Store, and Dibbert's Store, to Williamsburg. From Somerset, by Sublimity, to Williamsburgh. From Somerset, by Waterloo, Harrison, and Mintonville, to Poplar Hill. From Sparta Station to Owenton. lFrom Stanford to Liberty. From Stanford, by Wiaynesburg, Adam's Mills, Somerset, Clio, Mill Springs, Steubenville, Monticello, Newberry, and Alpha, to Albany. Fromin Star Furnace, by Amanda, Bellefonte, in Ohio, and Buena Vista, to Ironton. From Star Furnace, by Mount Savage Furnace, to Grayson. From Sublimity to Linden. From Sugartown, by Babb's Bridge, to Cheneyville. From Tomkinsville, by Lodi, in Tennessee, Bennett's Ferry, and Hamilton's Landing, to Livingstone. From Union Star to Mooleyville.:From Vanceburg to Grayson. From Vanceburg, by Kinney Mills, and the mouth of Laurel, to Olive Hill. From Walton to Beaver Lick. From Warsaw, by Nsapoleon, andl Downingsville, to Williamstown. From Warsaw to Sparta. From West Liberty, by Bloomington, and Licking Station, to Paintsville. From West Liberty, by the forks of Elk Creek, the forks of oew Creek, and New Hope, to Bell's Trace, at William Watson's. From West Liberty, by Little Sandy, and Blaine, to Louisa CourtHouse. Fr-om West Point, by Garnettsville, Rock Haven, Brandenburg, Webster, Clifton Mills, Hardinsburg, Cloverport, Hawesville. Yelvington, Owensboro', Hebbardsville, Henderson, Smith's Mills, Morganfield, and R2aleigh, to Shawneetown, in Illinois. From Whiteley Court-House to John Davis'. From Whitesburg, to the residence of John Lewis, oni the Poor Fork of Cumberland River. From Whitesburg to Prestonburg. From Wilburn to Clinton. From WTilliamlstown to Callensville. From Williamstown, by Cordova, Raven Creek, Rutland, and Connersville, to Leesburg. From Winchester, by Boonsboro', and Foxtown, to Richmond. From Winchester to Fitchburg. From Winchester to Indian Old Fields. From Winchester, by Ruckersville, and Dunaway's, to Goude's Precinc t. Froml Wingos Station, lby Casey's Station, andl Feliciana,7 to Hickmavn. From Wood:stick to Jamestown. From John Wood's to Bushl's Store. IN THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. 115 IN THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. Louisiana. From Albany to Shreveport. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Alexandria, by Big Creek, and White Sulphur Springs, to Har- 230, v. 10, pp. 455risonburg. 458. 5 Aug., 1854, c. From Alexandria, by Cotile, Cloutiersville, Isle Breville, and Natchi- 27l1, v. 10, p. 89. toches, to Grand Ecore. 3 March, 1855, c, From Alexandria to Hickory Flat. 211, v. 10, p.708. From Alexandria, by Hineston, Walnut Hill, Liberty Creek, and Hud- 18 Aug., 1856, c. dleston, to Burr's Ferry. 3 March, 1857, c. From Alexandria, by Point Magre, Marksville, Mansura, Moreauville, 109, v. 11, p. 233. and Simmsport, to Red River Landing. 14 June, 1858, c. From Alexandria, to Sabinetown, in Texas. 162,. 11, pp. 349, From Alexandria, by Sonet, Winfield, Saline Mills, Pine Ridge, 27 Feb., 1861, c. Saline, Sparta, Mount Lebanon, apd Athens, to Homer. 57, v. 12, p. 159. From Arcadia, by Liberty Hall, to Pine Ridge. 30 March, 1868, c. From Arcadia to Ringgold., v. 1J, 1.70, c. From Assumption, by Star, and Thibodeaux, to Houma. 273, v. 16, p. 284. From Atchafalaya to Big Bend. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Bastrop to Ashton. 101, v. 16, p. 463. From Baton Rouge to Henry F. Bennet's Store. G 1Jan., 187, c. 6, v. 17, p. 26. From Baton Rouge, by Burlington, Stony Point, and Dennis' Mills, to 14 May, 1872, c. Greensburg. 159, v. 17, p. 107. From Baton Rouge to Clinton. 3 March, 1873, c. From Baton Rouge, by Coelk, to Springfield. 25,. 17, 1, 91. From Baton Rouge, by Plain's Store, Mount Willing, and Jackson, to Clinton. From Baton Rouge, by Robert Huston's, Coelk, the French Settlements, and Bayou Barbary, to Springfield. From Bayou Goula to Port Barre. From Bellevue, by Deck's, Orchard Grove, Lanesville, Myrtle D.ale, antl Dorcheat, to Magnolia, in Arkansas. From1 Bellevue, by Roclky ount, and Pineville, to Walnut Hill, in Arkansas. From Burr's Ferry, to Huntsville, inr Texas. lFrom Charenton to Bayou Chene. From Cheneyville, by Huddleston, to Burr's Ferry. From Clinton, on railroad, by Darlington, Greensburg, and Kemp's Bridge, to Prospect Hill. From Clinton, by Darlington, Guwsba, and Kemp's Bridge, Amite, and Lake Providence, to Pecan Grove. From Clinton, by Stony Point, Cold Spring, Benton's Ferry, Coelk, French Settlements, and Bayou Barbary, to Springfield From Clinton, by Rose Hill, in Mississippi, to Liberty. From Clinton, by Woodland, Darlington, Greensburg, Tangipahoa, and Sibila, to Franklinton. From Cloutierville to Kile's Mills. From Cloutierville to Montgomery. From Columbia, by Castor, and Spy:s, to Natchitoches. From Columbia, by Centreville, to Funnaloova. From Columbia to Harrisonburg. From Columbia, by Mount Pleasant, Castor, Brooklin, Vernon, Dugdemonia, and Quay, to Homer. From Columbia, by Red Mouth, Ion, and Jones Ferry, to Point Jefferson. From Columbia, by Whitehead's Bridge, and McK.night's Mill, to Alexandria. lFrom Columbia, 1)by Winfield, to Grand Ecore. From Cotile to Sullivan's Landing. Flrom Cottrell's, by Lake Arthur, to the Gralnd Chenier. From Covington, by Parkersville, Lima: and Pearl River Landcing, to Gainesville, in Mississippi. 116 POST-ROADS. From Covington, by Sun, and Shady Grove, to Fordsville. From Cuba to Brooklyn. From Deerfield to Ion. From Deerfield, by Pugh's, Dallas, and Quebec, to Richmond. From Donaldsonville, by Crain's Forge, Paincourtville Church, Assumption, Pattersonville, Centreville, Franklin, Jeanlerette, New Iberia, Saint Martinsville, Breaux Bridge, Vermillionville, Grand Coteau, and Opelousas, to Washington. From Downsville, by Pipesville, Laurence's Ferry, andl John Day's, to Lisbon. From Farmersville, by Downsville, to Forksville. From Farmlersville to Marion. From Farmersville to Pigeon ZHill. From Farmersville, by Sbiloh, Lisbon, and Forest Grcve, to Homer. From Farmnersville, by Spearsville, to El Dorado, in Arlkansas. From Forksville to Indian Village. From Franklinton, to Davidson, by Charles Knight's and Dunn Crane's. From Franklinton to Palestine. From Grand Ecore, by Adaire's, Fort Jessnp, and Manny, to Sabinetown, in Texas. From Grand Coteau, by Arnaudville, to Breaux Bridge. From Grand Ecore, by Saint Maurice, Cedar Creek, Saline Mills, Leslie's, Wyatt's, and Harris, to Monroe.:From Grand Ecore, along the bank of Red Iiver, to Shreveport. From Grand Ecore, by Belmont, Pleasant Hill, Bayou Pierre, M ansfield, and Black Jack, to Shreveport. From Goidwater to Vernon. From Greensburg, by Williams' Mills, on Tickfaw River, to Osyka. From Greensburg, to a point intersecting the railroad from New Orleans to Jackson, in Mississippi, at or near the house of Benjamin Weil. From Greensburg, by Saint Helena, Springfield, and Pine Grove, to Madisonville. From Greenwood, by Bethany, in Texas, to Pulaski. From Greenwood, by Cook's Store, Mooring's Ferry, and iMonterey, in Texas, to Boston. From Harrisonburg, by Ford's Creek, Aimwell, Funny Louis, Bertrand Prairie, Tancock Prairie, and Saint Maurice, to Grand Ecore. From Harrisonburg to Good Water. From Harrisonburg to Kirk's Ferry. From Harrisonburg to Natchitoches. From Harrisonburg, by Rosefield, Copenha,gen, Columbia, and Caldwell, to Monroe. From Harrisonburg, by Trinity, to Natchez, in Mississippi. From Harrisonburg to Winnsboro'. Fromn Holmesville, by BayoLu Rouge, and:Mansura, to Marksville. From Homer to Eldorado. From Homer, by Summerfield, Scottsville, and Spearsville, to Hillsborough, in Arkansas. From HoLouma to Live Oak. From Houma, by Tigerville, Alligator, and Bayou Rainmmais, to Pattersonville. From Huddleston, Anacoca, Mill Creek, and Manny, to Belmont. From Keatchie, by Blossom Hill, to Greenwood. From Keatchie, by Pleasant Grove and Longstreet, to Frank's Settlement. From Kirk's Ferry to Trinity. From Lake Charles to Leesburg. Frol Lake Charles to Sugar Town. From Lake COharles to Ville Platte. From Lake Provilence to Floyd. From Livonia, by Point Coupee Court-House, to Point Coupee. IN THE STATE OF LOUISIANA. 117 From Louisville, in Arkansas, to the Orchard Grove, in Louisiana, Iby F. D. Harris' and A. Byrne's. From Manny, by Leesville, to Lake Charles. From Manny, to Milan, by Pendleton. From Manny, by Mill Creek, and Toro, to BLurr's Ferry. From Manny, by P. H. Montgomery's, to P. H. Dillon's. From Marion, by Brook's Store, Cherry iRicge, Spearsville, Cornic Blufis, and Lisbon, to Homer. From M3ansfield, by Durham's and General Williamsouns, to Shreveport. From MIansfield, by Grand Cane, Keatchie, and Blossom Hill, to Greenwood. From Mansfield to Logansport. From Mansfield, by Pleasant Grove, to Pulaski, in Texas. From Mill Creek, by Anacoca, to Bear Bone. From Minden, by Allen's Settlement, Flat Lick, Dorcheat, and Pine Flat, to Walnut Hill, in Arkansas. From Minden, by Buckhorn, Boon's Landing, IRinggold, Iverson, Coushattie, Chute, and Campti, to Grand Ecore. From Minden, by Bisteneau, Bossier's Point, and Fillmore, to Bellevue. From Minden, by Simm's, Burns' Store, and Big Spring, to Magnolia, in Arkanss.s. From Minden, by Fairview, to Bellevue. From Monroe. by Cheniere, and Brooklyn, to Winnfieild. From Monroe, by Ouachita City, Lindville, Spring Hill, and Marion, to Farm ersville. From Monroe, by Red Mouth, Winnsboro', Butler, and Mound Bayou, to Saint Joseph. From Monroe, by Spring Place, Bastrop, and Plantersville, to Eawkinu's Landing, in Arkansas. From Monroe, by Trenton, Forksville, Grove Hill, Vienna, and Quay, to Arcadia. From Monroe to Vernon. From Monticello, by Point Jefferson, and Prairie Mer Rouge, to Bastrop. From Mount Pleasant to Louisville. Fronm Natchitoches, by Manny, and 3ansfield, to Shreveport. From Natchitoches, to Shelbyville, in Texas. From New Iberia, by Pare Perdue, and Abbeville, to Perry's Bridge. From New Orleans, by Balize, to Southwest Pass. From New Orleans to Buras Settlement. From New Orleans to Carrollton. From New Orleans to Cheniere Caminada. From New Orleans, by English Turn, to Point'a la Hache. From New Orleans, by Fleitas', and Wilkerson's, to Francis Moreau's. From New Orleans, by Fort Pike, Shieldsboro', Pass Christian, Mississippi City, Biloxi, Lynchburg Springs, and Pascagoula, to Mobile, in Alabama. From New Orleans to Grand Isle. From New Orleans, by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, to San Francisco, in California. From New Orleans to Lafayette City. From New Orleans, by Mandeville, and Madisonville, to Covington. From New Road, by Morganza Bayou, Catawba, and Cypress Point, to Simmsport. From New Orleans, by Red River Landing, Alexandrifa, and Grand Ecore, to Shreveport;. From New (Orleans to Saint Bernard. From New Orleans, by Sebastian Brulard's, to Estee Deelese's. From New Orleans to Terre au Bceuf. From New River to Live Oak. 118 POST-ROADS. From Opelousas to Hickory Flats. From Opelousas, by Midway, Plaquemine, Brnlee, Lake Charles, and Bear Bone, to Ballewv's Ferry. From Paincourtville, to Bayou Pierre, Part, and Belle liver. From Pecan Grove to Floyd. From Pecan Grove, by Monticello, and Point Jefferson, to Monroe. From Perry's Bridge to Corse's Mill. From Pine Ridge, by Gray's Store, to Mount Lebanon. From Plaquemine to Charenton. From Plaquemine, by Gros Tete, and Livonia, to Point Coupee. From Pleasant Hill to Manny. From Point Coup6e to Fausse Riviere. From Port Vincent, by Walker's, Ott's Mills, and Hog Branch, to Independence.:From Providence, by Floyd, to Bastrop. From Raceland, by Lockport, and Va]jous, to Orange City. From Rayville to Red Mouth. From Red River Landing, by Cheneyville, Hineston, Huddleston, and Burr's Ferry, to Huntsville, in Texas. From Red River Landing, to Fort Adanims in Mississippi. From Red River Landing, to Gikeenwood, by Lewisport, Cheneyville, Alexandria, Natchitoches, and Mansfield, to Greenwood. From Red River Landing, to Huntsville, in Texas. From Red River Landing, by Simmsport, Cheneyville, Hineston, lHinesville, Anacoca, and Anacoca Ferry, to Burr's Ferry. From Red River Landing, by Union Point, Fairview, Vidalia, Rifle Point, and Water Proof, to Saint Joseph's. From Richmond, by Bayou, and Macon, to Warsaw. From Richmond, by New Carthage, and Ashwood, to Grand Gulf, in Mississippi. From Rlichmond, by Young's Point, to Vicksburg, in Mississippi. From Rigolett's Bridge to Lima. From Ringgold, by Moscow, to Fillmore. Fromr Saint Francisville to Point Coupee. From Saint Martinsville, by Breaux Bridge, Arnaudville, Leonville, and Barry's Landing, to Opelousas. From Saint Martinsville, by Cote Gelee, to Vermillionville. From Shreveport to Gravel Point. From Shreveport, to Henderson, in Texas. From Shreveport, to Mansfield, by Red Bluff, and Kingston. From Shreveport to Mooringsport. From Shreveport, by Spring Ridge, Parker's Store, Logansport, and Shelbyville, in Texas, to:Natchitoches. From Shreveport, to Washington, in Arkansas. From Simsport to Great Bend. From Simsport to mouth of Bayou Rouge. IFrom Sparta, by Salt Spring, to Iverson. From Stony Point, by William Allenls, Duncan Blue's, and Edward Stamp's, to Springfield. From Tangipahoa to Franklinton. From Thibodeaux to Lockport. From Trenton, by Pine Hills, and Indian Village, to Vernon. From Trinity, by Little Prairie, Parham's Landing, Monterey Landing, and Flowery Mound, to Tooley's. From Vermillionville, by Randolph Cady's, on the Bayou Quene Tortue, and Miers Settlement on the Bayou Blanc, to Cottrel's. From Vernon, by Brush Valley, and Sparta, to Ringgold. From Vernon to Vienna. From Vernon to Winfield. From Vienna, by Callaway's, D'Arbone, and Corner Bluff, to E1 Dorado, in Arkansas. Fronl Vienna to Homer. IN THE STATE OF MAINE. 119 From Ville Platte to Hickory Flat. From Ville Platte, by Hickory Flat, to Lake Charles. From W~arsaw, by 3lHurricane, Winnlsboro', Oakley, Sicily Island, aind Bceuf Prairie, to Harrisonburg. From VWarsaw, by Pullaway, Deerfield, Monticello, and Joe Bayou, to Lake Providence. From Washington, by Big Cave, to mouth of Balyou Rouge. From Washington to Churehville. From Washington, to Huddleston, by Hamburg, and Cole's Settlement. From Water Proof to Kirk's Ferry. Fromn Winnsboro', by Burnt Prairie, and Stuart's Landing, to Harrisonburg. 1N THE STATE OF MAINE. Maine. From Acton to South Acton. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Alexandria, to Wesley, by Crawford. 230, v. 10, pp. 349From Alfred, by Waterboro' Centre, to Bar Mills. 353. Kn 3 March, 1855, c. From Alfred, by Lyman, Lyman Centre, Goodwin's Mills, North Ken- 211, V. 10, p. 704. nebunkport, and Biddeford, to Saco. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Augusta, by Brown's Corners, Vassallboro', East Vassalboro', 168, v. 11, pp. 128, China, Albion, Un'ity, Troy, Dixmont, )Dixmont Centre, Newburg, West 129. 3 March, 1857, c. Hampden, and Ha.mpden, to Bangor. 109, v. 11, p. 230. From Augusta, by Hallowell Cross-Roads, East Readfield, Readfield 14 June, 1858, c. Depot, Readfield, Mount Vernon, Vienna, Farmington Falls, Farming- 162,v. 11, p. 350. ton, Strong, and Avon, to Phillips. 2 June, 1862, c. From Augusta, by Halloweli Cross-Roads, and East Winthrop, to 14 July, 1862, c. Winthrop. 171, v. 12, p. 573. From Augusta, by Hallowell, French's Corners, Litchfield, Litchfield 3 March, 1865, c. Corners, Bowdoinu Little River Village, and South Durham, to Freeport. 104 v. 13, p. 523. 14 March, 1866, c. From Augusta, by South China, North Palermo, Freedom, Brooks, 1, v. 14, pp. 6,7. Monroe, and Ellingwood Corners, to Hampden. 26 July, 1866, c. From Augusta, by South Vassalboro', South China, Palermo, North 267, v. 14, pp. 280, Palermo, Montville, Liberty, East Montville, North Searsmont, and 281. July 1867 Belmont, to Belfast. 29, v. 15, p. 14. From Augusta, by Sidney, Waterville, Fairfield, North Fairfield, 30 March, 1868, c. South Bloomfield, Bloomfield, Skowhegal, Norridgewock, and Madison, 35,. 15,p. 47. to North Anson. 25 July, 1868, c. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~244,to North Atson.p. 189 From Augusta, by Sidney, Waterville, Kendall's Mills, Fairfield 3244 v. 15p. 189., Corners, Bloomfield, and Skowhegan, to Norridgewock. 131, v. 15, p. 329. From Augusta, by Togus Spring, South Windsor, Cooper's Mills, 5 March, 1870, c. West Jefferson, Jefferson, North Waldoboro', Union, East Union, South 28 14. Jul170, c2. Hope, and West Camden, to Rockland. 273, v. 16, p. 285. From Augusta, by West Sidney, Belgrade, North Belgrade, Smith- 28 Feb., 1871, c. field, Mercer, Norridgewock, and Madison, to North Anson. 1Ot, v. 16, p. 463. From Augusta, by Windsor, Patricktown, Nortl Washington, Light's 6, v.17, 218726. Corners, Liberty, South Montville, Searsmeont, and Belmont, to Belfast. 14 May, 1872, e From Bangor, by Brewer, Holden, East Holden, North Ellsworth, 159, v. 17, pp. 109, and Ellsworth Falls, to Ellsworth. 110. From Bangor, by Brewer, Brewer Village, Orrington, South Orring- 10 June, 1872, c, 427, v. 17, p. 384. ton, North Bucksport, Bucksport Centre, Bucksport, Orland, and North 23 Jan., 1873, c Castine, to Castine. 49, v. 17, p. 416. From Bangor, by Brewer Village, East Orrington, Shebna, Harriman, 3 March, 1873, c. H- ewey Settlement, and Buck's Mills, to Bucksport Village. 255, V. 17, P. 592. From Bangor, by Eddington, East Eddington, Tilden, WVesley, Crawford, Alexander, and Baring, to Calais. From. Bangor, by East Hlampden, Hampden, South Hlampden, North Frankfort, Frankfbrt Mills, North Searsl)ort, and S3wanville, to Belfast. Fronm Bangor, by Hermlon, Carmel, Etna, East Newport, Newprort, Palmyra, Pittsfield, and Canaan, to Skowhegan. From Bangoxr, by Hermnonl, to North Carmel. 120 POST-ROADS. From Bangor, by North Bangor, Orono, West Great Works, Oldtown, Milford, Sunkhaze, Greenbush, Olarnon, Pacssadumkeag, West Enfield, South Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincoln Centre, and North Lincoln, to Ma.tawamkeag. From Bangor, by North Hermon, South Levant, PRogers' Corners, Stetson, North Newport, Corrinna, Corrinna Centre, and Saint Albans, to Hartland. From Bangor, by North Hermon, South Levant, West, Levant, Exeter, Garland, West Dover, East Sangerville, and Centre Guildford, to M3onson. From Bangor, by Six-Mile Falls, Glenburn, Kirkland, Bradford, South Orneville, and Milo, to Brownsville. From Bangor to Upper Stillwater. From Bangor, by West Glenburn, Kenduskeag, Corinth, Exeter Mills, Exeter, Dexter, Ripley, West Ripley, Main Stream, and Harmony, to Athens. From Bath to Georgetown. From Belfast, by East Knox, Knox Centre, Freedom, West Freedom, South Albion, China, and Winslow, to Waterville. From Belfast, by Waldo, Brooks, Knox, Thorndike, Unity, and Benton, to Fairfield. From Belfast, by Waldo, South Brooks, Brooks, and South Jackson, to Jackson. From Belgrade, by Belgrade Mills, Rome, East New Sharon, New Sharon, Industry, and West 3Mills, to North Industry. From Belgrade, by Belgrade Mills, Rome, Mercer, and Stark, to West Mills. From Bethel, by Newry, Newry Corners, Bear River, and Grafton, to Letter B. From Biddeford, by Saco, Bar Mills, Hollis Centre, Waterborough Centre, Limerick, East Parsonfield, North Parsonfield, Effingham Falls, in New Hampshire, Freedom, and East Madison. to Madison. From Biddefordcl, by Saco, Hollis, Buxton, West Buxton, and North Hollis, to Limerick. From Biddeford to Saco Pool. From Blue Hill to MeHard's Stream. From Bradford to Dover. From Bridgeford, by Saco, Buxton, Standish, Baldwin, Sebago, Denmark, and Frye.pburg, to Lovell. From Bridgewater, by Mars' Hill, Letter "C," and Maple Grove, to Fort Fairfield. From Bristol, by Newcastle, to Pemaquid. From Brooks, by Monroe, Ellingwood Corner, and Hampden, to Bangor. From Brownsville, by North Brownsville, to Katahdin Iron Works. From Brunswick to Bath. From Brunswick to Orr's Island. From Brunswick to West Harpswell. From Bucksfield, by East Sumner, Hartford, and Canton Mills, to Canton. From Bucksport, by North Penobscot, to Castine. From Buckfield, by Sumner, to West Sumner. From Bucksport, by Orland, North Blue Hill, Blue Hill, Blue Hill Falls, North Sedgwick, and Deer Isle, to South Deer Isle. From Burnham Village to Unity. From Calais, by Willtown, Barring, Sprague's Falls, Baileyville, Princetown, Waite, Topsfield, Jackson, Brook, Butterfields, Orient, Amity, and Hodgdon, to Holton. From Camden, by Centre, and Lincolnville, to Belmlont. From Camdlen, by Hope, MlcLain's Mills, and North Appleton, to Searsmont. From Camden to North Haven. IN THE STATE OF MAINE. 121 From Caribou, by Lindon, to New Sweden. From Charlotte, by Middybemps, and Cooper, to Alexander. From Cherryfield, by Beddington, to Delloys. From Columbia Falls to Columbia. From Cooper's Mills, by West Washington, Washington, and North Union, to Union. Fromt Robert Daggetts, by Danforth Mills, to South Weston. From Damariscotta, to Jefferson, East Jefferson, and West Jefferson. From Danforth to Forest City. From Dennysville, by Pembroke. and Robbinston, to Red Beach. From Dexter, by Ripley, to Cambridge. From Dexter, by Dover, South Mills, and West Dover, to Dover. From Dexter, by West Dover, Dover South Mills, and Dover, to Foxcroft. From Dixfield, by Peru, Canton Mills, and Livermore, to Strickland Ferry Depot. From Dixilont, by North Dixmont, and Plymouth, to East Newport. From Dover, by East Dover, South Sebec, Milo, Kilmarnock, and Maxfield, to Howland. From East Baldwin, by North Baldwin, Sebago, and South Bridgetoln, to Bridgeton. From East Blue Hill to Surry. From East Bradford to South La Grange. From East Corinth, by Charleston, Atkinson, North Atkinson, Sebee, and WVilliamnsburgh, to Brownsville. From East Corinth to Garland. From East Dixfield, by South Carthage, to Dixfield. Fromn East Eddington, by Amherst, Aurora, Wesley, and Crawford, to Baileyville. From East Eddington, by Clifton, and Otis, to Mariaville. From East Holden, by Dedham, South Dedham, and Ellsworth, to a point two miles south of Dedham. From East Machias, by North Cutler, to Cutler. From the east line of the State, by Fort Fairfield, Manchester, and Presque Iele, to Aroostook. From East Machias, by Plantation Number Fourteen, to Cooper. From East Machias, by Whiting, and West Lubec, to Lubec. From East Newport, by Stetson, to Exeter. From Ellsworth, by Hancock, 7Vest Sullivan, Sullivan, East Sullivan, West Goldsboro', Goldsboro', and Steuben, to Narraguagus. From Ellsworth, by North EHancock, Franklin, Narraguagus, Harrington, Columbia, Jonesboro', and Whitneyville, to Machias. From Ellsworth, by Orland, Bucksport, Prospect Ferry, Prospect, South Prospect, and Searsport, to Belfast. From Ellsworth, by Surry, Blue Hill, Penobscot, and North Castine to Castine. From Ellsworth to Wtaltham. From Ellsworth, by West Trenton, Eden, and Mtonnt Desert, to South West Harbor. From Ellsworth, by Tilden, North Mariaville, Amherst, and Aurora, to Great Pond. From Emery's Mills, by Sharpleigh, to West Newfield. From Etna Centre to South Etna. From Exeter, by VWest Garland, South Sangeville, and Guilford to Abbot. From Exeter Corner, by South Exeter, and Stetson, to Etna. From Fort Fairfield to Limestone. From Flag-staff to Eustis Mills. Fromn Farmnington, by East Strong, New Vineyard, and New Portland, to Kingsfield. From the Forks to Moose River. From Fort Fairfield, by Eaton Grant, to Caribou. 122 POST-ROADS. From Fort Kent to Saint Fralncis. From Gardiner to Damariscotta. From Gardiner, by West Gardiner, Litchfield, South Monmouth, and Wales, to Sabbatisville, there to connect with the existing route to Lewiston. From Goff's Corners, by Auburn, North Auburn, and Turner, to North Turner. From Goff's Corners, by East Turner, and North Turner Bridge, to Livermore Centre. From Gorham, by Buxton Centre, to West Buxton. From Gray Depot to Gray Corner. From Great Falls, by Lebanon, Sanford, Springvale, Emery's Mills, Action, Acton Corner, North Actoii, West Newfield, West Parsonsfield, Effingham, in New Hampshire, Effingham Falls, and Freedom, to Eaton Centre. From Green Depot, by South Leeds, to Leeds. From Green's Landing to Isle au Haut. From Greenville to Mount Kinneo. From Guilford, by Parkmann and Cambridge, to Harmony. From Hampden, by South fHampden, South Newburgh, Dixmont, and Morton's Corner, to Jackson. From Hancock to Crabtree's Point. From Hayneskill, by Bancroft Plantations, to Weston. Firom Hollis to BDayton. From Houlton, by Monticello, Bridgewater, and Presque Isle, to Fort Fairfield. From Houlton, to Woodstock, New Brunswick. Fromn Hudson to Bradford Corner. From Indian Township, to Grand Lake Stream, over the Granger Turnpike. From Jonesport, by Addison Point, to Columbia. From Forks of Kennebec to Canada Line. From Kennebunk, by Kennebunlkport, to Cape Neddick. PFrom Kennebunk, by Kennebunkport, to Cape Porpoise. From Kennebunk, by Wells, Ogunquit, Cape Neddick, and York, to Portsmouth, in New Hampshire. From Kenduskeag, by South Corinth, East Corinth, West Charleston, South Dover, Dover, Foxcroft, Sangerville, Guilford, and Abbot, to Monson. From Kingsfield, by Jerusalem, and Stratton Brook, to Eustis7 Mills From Lebanon, by Centre Lebanon, to West Lebanon. From Leed's Station, by South Leeds, Leeds, North Leeds, Strickland's Ferry Depot, and East Livermore, to Livermore Falls. From Letter B, by Wentworth's Location, to Wilson's Mills. From Liberty, by Gilead Meeting-House, and William Atchison's, to Plattsburg, there to connect with a mail-route to Lewiston. From Limerick, by Newfield, West Newfield, East Wakefield, in New Hampshire, and Leighton7s Corners, to Ossipee. From Lincoln, by Lee, Springfield, Carroll, and Kossuth, to Topsfield. From Lincoln Centre, by Pattagumpus, andl Chester, to:Nickerton. From Linneus, by Oakfield, and Dyer Brook Plantation, to Island Falls. From Livermore Falls, by Jay, North Jay, Wilton, and East Wilton, to Farmington. From Lovell, by North Fryeburg, to Fryeburg Centre. From Lovell, by North Fryeburgh, to Stow. From Lyndon Corner, to Island Pond, in Vermont. From Lyndon, by Woodland, and Perham, to Washburn. From Machias, by East Machias, Marion, Dennysville, and Charlotte, to Calais. From Machias, to Machiasport. From Machias, by North Fairfield, Wesley, Crawfrd, and Alexandler, to Princeton. IN THE STATE OF MAINE. 123 From Mattawamkeag, by Conway, and Number Three, to Patten. From Mattawanikeag to Medaway. From Mattawamkeag, by Nickaton, Starkl's Village, and Anson, to New Portland. From Mattawamkeag, by South Moluncas, Haynesville, and Linneus, to Houlton. From Mechanics' Falls, by West Minot, and East Hebron, to Buckfield. From Mexico, by IRosberry, to Byron. From Monson, by Shirley 5Mills, and Shirley, to Greenville. From Monson, by Abbot, Parkman, South Parkman, Dexter, Pleasant Vale, and Newport, to Detroit. From Moose River to Canada Line. From Mount Desert, by Seal Cove, and Bass Harbor, to Southwest Harbor. From Mount Desert, by Seal Cove, and Tremont, to Southwest Harbor. From New Castle to Bristol. From Newfield, by West Newfield, to East Wakefield tRailroad Station, in New Hampshire. From New Portland to North Anson. From New Sharon to Farmington. From North Acton, by Wakefield, to Union, in New Hampshire. From North Anson, by Emdln, Solon, Bingham, and Carritunk, to the Forks. From North Anson, by Emden Centre, to Concord. Froin North Anson, by West Anson, and East New Vineyard, to New Vineyard. From North Anson, by West Emden, North New Portland, East New Portland, New Portland, and Freeman, to Strong. From North Berwick, by South Sandfobrd, Sandford, Springvale, Alfred, and Waterborough, to Waterborough Centre. From North Castine, by West Brookville, South Brookville, and Brookville, to Sedgwick. From North Dixmont, by Dixmont Corner, to Jackson. From North Lincoln, by Chester, and West Indian Township to Nickaton. From North Milford to Greenfield. From North Newport to Corinna. From North New Portland, by Lexington, and Dead RIiver, to Flag Staff. From Norway, by Waterford, South Waterford, and Sweden to Lovell. From Oldtown, by Argyle, and Edinburgh, to Howland. From Orono, by Upper Stillwater, Oldtown, Alton, and La Grange, to Kilmarnock. From Oxford, by West Poland, and North Raymond, to Gray. From Paris, by North Paris, West Sumner, Sumner, East Sumner, Hartford, and Canton Mills, to Canton. From Passadumkeag, by Enfield, and Lowell, to Burlington. From Patten, by Island Falls, to Smyrna. From Patten, by Umcolcus, Masardis, and Aroostook, to Fort Kent. Fromn Pembroke to North Perry. From Penobscot, by South Penobscot, North Brooksville, and Brooks. ville, to Sargentsville. From Philips' to Rangeley. From Pittsfield, by Hartlandcl Saint Albans, and Ripley, to Cambridge. Froul Plantation Number Eleven, called Aroostook, to the east line of the State, by Presque Isle, and Fort Fairfield Plantations. From Poland to West Poland. 124 POST-ROADS. From Porter, by North Parson-field, Parsonfield, and North Newfield, to West Newfield. HFrom Porter, by North Porter, Cram's Mills, and Goshen Seminary, to Conway Centre, in New- Hampshire. From Portland, by Duckpond, to North Windham. From Portland, by Falmouth, Cumberland, to North Yarmoutlh, Freeport, and Brunswick, to Bath. From Portland, byFalmouth, Cumberland, Yarmouth, New Gloucester, Upper Gloucester, West Danville, Danville, East Portland, Minot, Mechanic's Falls, South Paris, North Paris, Bryant's Pond, Lock's Mills, Bethel, West Bethel, Gilead, Shelburne, in New Hampshire, Gorham, Berlin Falls, Berlin, Milan, Dunmmer, Stark, Northumberland, Stratford, and Bloomfield, in Vermont, to Brighton. From Portland to North Windham. From Portland, by Oak Hill, Saco, Biddeford, Kennebunk Depot, Kennebunk, Wells' Depot, North Berwick, and Elliot, to Portsmouthin New Hampshire. From Portland, by Saccarappa, Gorham, West Gorham, Standish, Steep Falls, East Baldw7in, West Baldwin, Hiram, Brownfield, Fryeburgh, and Centre Conway, in:New Hampshire, to Conway. From Portland, by South Windham, Windham, North Windham, Ra~ymond, and Naples, to Bridgeton. From Portland, by Steven's Plains, West Falmouth, West Cumberland, Gray, West Gloucester, and Poland, to Mechanics Falls. From Portland, by Yarmouth, Freeport, Brunswick, Topsham, Bowdoinham, Richmond, Rosedale, Gardiner, Pittston, Farmingsdale, and IHallowell, to Augusta. lFrom Presque Isle, by Lyndon, Van Buren, West Van Buren, Madawaska, and West Madawaska, to Fort Kent. From Presque Isle to Number Eleven, Range Five, Aroostook.!From Presque Isle to Washburn. From Railroad.Depot, by Oxford, Otisfield, Casco, and Edes' Falls, to Naples. From the Railroad Depot, by Wetchfield, to Oxford. From Railroad Junction at Danville, by Goff's Corners, Lewiston, Green Corner, Green Leeds Station, Monmouth, Winthrop, Readfield, Belgrade, and West Waterville, to Waterville. From Raymond, by East Raymond, Casco, and Otisfield, to Bolster's MIills. From Readfield, by Kent's Mills, ~Fayette Mills, North Fayette, Livermore Falls, Jay Bridge, and North Jay, to Wilton. From Readfield, by Kent's Mills, Fayette,North Fayette, South Chesterville, Chesterville, North Chesterville, and' East Wilton, to Wilton. From Richmond to Lewiston. From Rockland to Isle auL Haut. From Rockland to AMa.tinicus. From Rockland, by Rockport, Camden, Lincolnville, Northport, and East Northport, to Belfast.;From Rockland, by Rockville, West Camden, South Hope, Union, McLain's Mills, North Appleton, Searsmont, South Montville, Liberty, Montville, South FIreedom, West Freedom, Centre Albion, Albion, East Benton, and Benton, to Kendall's Mills. From Rockland, by Thomaston, Warren, Waldoborough, Nobleboroughll, Newcastle, Sheepscott Bridge, Wiscassett, and Woolwich, to Bath.:From Sabattus to Lewistown. From Sedgwick to Brooklyn. From Sherman to Houlton. From Sherman, by Sherman's Mills, to Golden Ridge. From Skowvhegan to Athens. From Skowhegan, by Cornville, Athens, Brighton, Kingsbaury, Blanchard, andcl Sbirley, to Greenvilla. IN THE STATE OF MAINE. 125 From Skowhegan, by East Madison, and South Solon, to Solon. From Skowhegan to North Anson. From South Albion, by Albion, to East Benton. From South Brooksville, by NWest Brooksville, to North Brooksville. From South China, by Weeks Mills, and Togas Military Asylum, to Augusta. From Southwest Harbor to Cranberry isle. From South Paris to North Waterford. From South Paris, by Norway, North Norway, Greenwood, and Locke's Mills, to Bethel. From South Paris to Norway. From South Paris, by Harrison, North Bridgeton, and West Bridgeton, to Fryeburgh. From South Paris, by Snow's Fall, Woodstock, North Woodstock, Rumford, Rumford Point, and South Andover, to Andover. From South Weston to Glenwood. From Springfield Corner to )anforth. From Springfield to Winn. From Springvale, by Alfred Ross' Corners, Newfield, South Parsonfield, and Parsonfield, to Effingham, in New Hampshire. From Standish, by East Livingston, North Livingston, Cornish, Hiram, and Brownsfield, to Fryesburgh. From Standish, by East Limington, North Limington, Limington, Cornish, and Kegar Falls, to Porter. From Strong, by West Freeman, to Salem. From Surrey to South Surrey. From Thomaston, by Cushing, to Friendship. From Thomaston, by Saint George, and Tenant's Harbor, to Saint George. From Tilden, by Amherst, and Aurora, to Township. From Union to Appleton. From Union, by North Union, and Washington, to Light's Corners. From Waldoboro' to Friendship. From Waldoboro' to Jefferson. From Waldoboro', by North Waldoboro' to Washington. From Waldoboro', by South Waldoboro', and Friendship, to Ctishing. From Washington to Liberty Village. From Waterboro' Centre, by Limerick, and Limington, to Standish. From Waterford, by North Waterford, East Stoneham, North Lovell, and Centre Lovell, to Lovell. From Waterville, by Benton, Clinton, Burnham Village, East Pittsfield, Detroit, Plymouth, Etna Centre, Carmel, and Hermon, to Bangor. From Waterville, by Fairfield, Larone, and Oceola, to Norridgewock. From Waterville, by Kendall's Mills, and Benton, to Unity. From Waterville, by Kendall's Mills,;Fairfield Corners, Pishon's Ferry, Canaan, and West Hartland, to Hartland. From WVaterville, by Winslow, Benton, Clinton, Burnham Village, East Burnham, Troy.Centre, Troy, North Dixmont, North Newburgh, North Hampden, West Hampden, and Hampden, to Bangor. From West Buxton, by Bonny Eagle Village, and Ruvel, to Livingston Village. From West Lebanon, to Great Falls, in New Hampshire. From Weston, by Bancroft, Barker Tract, and Reed Plantation, to Mlolunkus. From West Paris to Sumner. From West Trenton, by the Shore Road, Eden, Salisbury's Cove, and Hull's Cove, to East Eden. From Wilton, by Bean's Corner, to North Chesterville. Fronm Wilton, by North Wilton, to Temple Mills. From Wilton to VVeld. From Windham Centre, by Windham, to Great Falls. 126 POST-R1OADS. From Winthrop, by Wayne, East Livermore, North Livernmore, Canton, Dixfield, Mexico, and East Rumford, to Bryant's Pond. From Winthrop, by Wayne, North Leeds, North Turner Briidge, North Turner, South Stratford, Buckfield, West Buckfield, and Paris, to South Paris. From Winter Harbor, by Birch Harbor, and Prospect Harbor, to West Goldsborough. From Wiseassett, by Alna, WVhitfield, East Pittston, and Pittston, to Gardiner. From Wiscasset, by Dresden Mills, and Dresden, to Richmond. From Wiscasset, by North.Edgecomb, Edgecomb, North Boothbay, and Boothbay, to Hodgson's Mills. From Waoodman's Station, by New Gloucester, West Gloucester, and North Raymond. From Yarmouth, by North Yarmouth, East North Yarmouth, Poland, West )urham, Durham, Lisbon, Webster, and Wales, to Monmouth. Maryland. IN THE STATE OF MARYLAND. 3 Augr., 1854, c. From Aberdeen, by Churchville, to Trap. 230, v. 10, pp. 404, From Accident to Davis' Mill. 407. From Addison, in Pennsylvania, by Selbysport, and Accident, to Oak3 March, 1855, c. lad 211, v. 10, pp. 705, 706. From Allen's Fresh to Tompkinsville. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Annapolis to Broad Creek. 168, v. 11, p. 129. From Annapolis, by Church, Saint Margaret's, Waterford, and Patap3 March, 1857, sco Mto Baltimore. 109, v. 11, p.231. C eeting ouse, to Baltiore. 14 June, 1858, c. From Annapolis, by Millersville, Crown sville, and Patuxent, to Anna11p162, v. 11, p. 350. olis Junction. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Baltimore, by Avalon, Ilchister Mills, Ellicott's Mills, Albertoln, 7j, v. 12, p. 159 Woodstock, Marriottsville, Sykesville, Hood's Mills, Woodbine, Mount'2 June, 1862, c. S5, v. 12, p. 415. Airy, Monrovia, Ijamsville, Adamstown, Point of Rocks, Barry, Wever14 July, 1862, c. ton, Keep Tryst, Harper's Ferry, in West Virginia, Duffield's, Kerneys171, v. 12, p. 573. ville, Van Cleversville, Martinsburg, Sir John's Run, North Mountain, 175, J 13G, p. 318. Sleepy Creekl Bridge, Alpine Depot, Hancock, Cacapon I)epot, Orleans, 3 March, 1865, c. Pawpaw, in West Virginia, Cacaponsville, Forks of Potomac, Green104, v. 13, p. 525. spring Run, Oldtown, and Patterson's Depot, in West Virginia, to Cum18 July, 1866, c. berland. 206 Jv. 1ly, 1866, c. From Baltimore to Brooklyn. 267, v. 14, p. 282. From Baltimore, by Denton, and Easton, to Cambridge. 2 March, 1867, c. From Baltimore, by Govanstown, to Towsontown. 191, v. 14, p. 552. From Baltimore, by Harrisonville, North Branch, Freedom, Porter's, 35,. 15, p. 48. Franklinville, Winfield, Sam's Creek, McInstry's Mills, and Union 25 July, 1868, c. Bridge, to Uniontown. 244, v. 15, p. 189. From Baltimore, by Hookstown, Pikesville, Owing's Mills, Reister3 March, 1869, c. town, Finksburg, Carrollton, WVestminster, Littlestown, in Pennsylva330., I PP 32 nia, Two Taverns, Gettysburg, Cashtown, Graefenburgh, and Fl'ayette5 March, 1870, c. ville, to Chambersburg. 2, v. 16, p. 72. From Baltimore, by Lauraville, Cub Hill, Fork Meeting House, and 14 July, 1870, c. Fallston, to Bel Air. 273, v. 16, p. 285. 283 Feb., 1871 5. From Baltimore to Monument House. 101, v. 16, p. 46:3. From Baltimore, by Rossville, Harewood, Magnolia, Perrymansville, 14 May, 1872, c. Hall's Cross-Roads, Havre de Grace, Perryville, Principia Furnace, 10 Ju7e, 1872,. Charlestown, Northeast, Elkton, Newark, in Delaware, Christiana, 427, v. 17 pp. 384- Staunton, Newport, Wilmington, Claymont, Marcus Hook, in Pennsyl386. vania, Chester, and Leipersville, to Philadelphia. 3 March, 1873, c. From Baltimore, by Saint Dennis, Elkridge Landing, Annapolis June255, v. 17, p. 592. tion, Savage, Laurel Factory, Beltsville, and Bladensburg, to Washington, in District of Columbia. From Baltimore, by Woodbury, Washingtonville, Brooklandville, Ellengowan, Cockeysville, Waterman's Mills, Philopolis, Mulnkton Mills, Shrewsbury, Parlkton, White Hall, Freeland, New Flreedlon, GleII RLock, IN THIE STATE OF MARYILAND. 127 in Pennsylvania, Seven Valleys, York, Hallanm, and Wrightsville, to Columbia. From Burkettsville to Broad Run. Fromn Balrren Creek Spring, by Quantico, and White Haven, to Princess Anne. From Barren Creek Springs, by Sharptowun, to Laurel. From Beantown to Duffield. From Beaver Creek to Funkstown. From Bel Air, by Hickory Tavern, Mill Green, Pylesville, Bryonsville, in Pennsylvania, and Slate Hill, to Peach Bottom. From Bel Air, by Churchville, and Hopewell Cross-Roads, to Rock Run. From Bell Air, by Forest Hill, and Cottage Home, to Pylesville. From Berkleyville to Hempstead. From Bladensburg to Buena Vista. From Bridgeport to Harney. From Broad Creek, by Queenstown, to Centreville. From Brooklyn to Johnson's St-ore. From Brookville, Montgomery County, by the Union Turnpike road, Silver Spring, and Brightwood, to Washington, in District of Columbia. From Buckstown to Cambridge. From Buena Vista, by Mitchellsville, to Coopersville. From Burtonsville to Sligo. From Butler to Mantua Mills. From Cambridge, by Airy's Meeting House, Bucktown, and Drawbridge, to Vienna. From Cambridge, by Church Creek, and Golden Hill, to Lakesville. From Cambridge, by Church Creek, Tobacco Stick, Taylor's Island, Golden Hill, and Lakesville, to Bladensburg. From Cambridge, to a convenient point on the railroad from Dover to Seaford. From Cambridge, by Hicksburg, Big. Mills, Vienna, Barren Creek Springs, and Salisbury, to Snow Hill. From Camb:ridge to Hill's Point. From Charlotte Hall, by Bryant)own, Beantown, Piscatasway, PalTer's, and Good Hope, to Washington, in District of Columbia. From Charlotte Hall, down the Three-notched road by the Great Mills, thence to Point Lookout. From Chestertown, by Caulk's Field, and Reed's Corner, to Rock Hall. From Chestertown to Trappe. From Church Hill, by Long March, Templeville, and Hazlettsville, to Canterbury. IFrom Churchville, by Harford Furnace, to Perrymansville. lFrom Clarksville to Nichols. From Clayton, by Wilna, to Fallston. From Clear Spring, by Green Spring Furnace, to North Mountain, or to a depot on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. From Cockeysville, by Shawan and Butler, to Black Rock. From Cockeysville, by ShawaDn, Mantua Mills, to Reisterstown. From Cockeysville to WVairren. From Cumberland to Bottle Run Tannery. From CumberlanQd by Brady's Mill, Western Port, New Creek Depot, Mount Carbon, Langallen, Frankville, Summitville, Amblersburgh, Three Forks, Fetterman, Valley Falls, Benton's Ferry, and Little Station, to Wheeling. From Cumberland, by Dawson's, to Westernport. From Cumberland, by Clarysville, Frostburg, Shade Mills, Grantsville, Addison, Somerfield, Farmington, Fayette Springs, Uniontown, Searight's, Brownsville, West Brownsville, East Bethlehe m, Beall sville, Hillsboro', andcl Strabane, to Washington, in Pennsylvania. From Cumberland, by Flintstone, and Elbinsville, ill Pennsylvania, to Robinsonville. 128 POST-'ROADS. From Darlington, by Dublit, to Slate T-ill. From Davidsonville, by South River, West River, Tracy's Landing, Friendship, Lower Marlboro', Chesnut Hill, Huntingdol, Prince Frederickton, and Port Republic, to Saint Leonard's. From Davidsonville, by Taylorsville, to Millersville. From Davis' Depot, by Buckeytown, to Greenfield Mills. From Denton to Andersontown. From Denton, down Fowling Creek, Upper Hunting Creek, New Hope, Federalsburg, Cannon's Ferry, and Seafbrd, to Concord, in Delaware. From Dublin to Rising Sun. From Dundee to Skipton. From Easton, by Hillsboro', to Denton. From Easton, by Royal Oak, to Saint Michael's. From Easton, by Upper Hunting Creek, New Hope, Federalsburg, Cannon's Ferry, Delaware, Seaford, and Middleford, to Concord. From Elkton, by Cherry Hill, Fair Hill, Blue Ball, Brick Meeting House, Rising Sun, Fountain Green, in Pennsylvania, Kirk's Mills, Oak Hill, and Goshen, to Chesnut Level. From Elkton, by Chesapeake City, Bohemia Mills, Warwick, Head of Sassafras, Georgetown Cross-Roads, Harmony, Erieville, Chestertown, Church Hill, Centreville, Wye Mills, Easton, Trappe, and Oxford, to Cambridge. From Ellicott City to Poplar Springs. From Ellicott City to Brighton. From Ellicott City to Clarksville. From Fair Hill, by Louisville, to Kemblesville. From Fairview to Cearfoss Cross-Roads. From Fairview to Conococheague. From Fallston to Pleasantville. From Federalsburg to Vienna, by Harrison, and Crotcher's Ferry. From Frederick to Jefferson. From Frederick, by Lewiston, and Catoctin Furnace, to Mechanicstown. From Frederick, by Mechaniestown, and Saint Mary's College, to Emmettsburg. From Frederick, by Middletown, Bolivar, Boonsboro', Benevola, Funkstown, Hagerstown, Conococheague, Clear Spring, Indian Springs, and Millstone Point, to Hancock. From Frederick, by Mount Pleasant, Libertytown, Unionville, Oa;k Orchard, Sam's Creek, New Windsor, Wakefield, and Warfieldsburg, to Westminster. From Frederick, by Utica Mills, CreagerstownI Graceham, Emmettsburg, and Green Mount, in Pennsylvania, to Gettysburg. From Frederick, by Walkersville, Woodsboro', Ladiesburg, Middleburg, Bruceville, Taneytown, Piney Creek, Littlestown, in Pennsylvania, and McSherrystown, to Hanover. From Freeland, by Union Meeting-House, to Paper Mills. From Frizellburg to Mayberry. From Galestown to Sharpstown. From Georgetown, by Seneca Mills, Poolesville, Edward's Ferry, and Barnesville, to Harper's Ferry, in West Virginia. From Glen Rock, by Hetricks, and Krohls Mills, to Manchester. From Glymnont to Port Tobacco. From Gorsuch Mills to Strawbridge. From Greenwood to Long Green Academy. From Hagerstown, by Chewsville, Cavetown, Smithsburg, Foxville, Sabillisville, and Maechanicstown, to Graceham. From Hagerstown, by Lappon's Cross-Roads, to Btakersville. From Hampstead to IHoucklsville and Upperco. Froml Hanover, by McSherrystown, to Gettysburg. From Harmony, by Still Pon.d, and IRoger's Store, to Rock Hall. IN THE STATE OF MARYLANDo 129 From Havre de Grace to iopewell Cross-Roads. From Havre de Grace to Lapidum. F]rom Head of Sassafras, by Millington, Sudlersville, Long Marsh, Bridgeton, Greensboro', and Whiteleysburg, to Denton. From Hickory to Mill Green. From Huntington to Plumb Point. From Jarrettsville, by La Grange Iron-WVorks, and Pylesville, to Slate Hill. From Kingston to Shelltown. From Lakesville to Bishop's Head. From Laurel Factory, by Drayton, Sandy Spring, and Olney, to Broolkville. From Lauraville, via Halberton, to Jerusalem IMills. From Leonardtown, by Great M3ills, Park Hall, and Saint Inigoes, to Ridge. From Leonardtown to Hollywood. From Linganore, by Woodville, to Ridgeville. From Linwood to Frizellburgh. From Linwood to McKinstrty's Mills. From. Lisbon to Florence. From Littlestown, by McSherrSystown, to Hanover. From Magnolia, by Abingdon, and Emnerton, to Bel Air. Friom Magnolia, by Gunpowder Upper per Falls, and Jerusalem Mills, to Fallston. From Middlebrook to Germantown. From Middletown to Beallsville. From Middletown to Wolfsville. lFrom MBiddleville, by Leighton, to'Wayland. From Milestown to Saint Clement's Bay. From Monkton Station, by County Road, Shades Tavern, and TayloI's Store, to Upper Cross Roads. From Monocacy to Beallsville. From Monocacy Bridge to Frederick. F'rom Monrovia, by New Market, New London, Libertytown, Unionville, and Johnsville, to Middleburg. From Mount Airy, by Long's Corners, to Damascus. From Newburg to Harris's Lot. From Newburg to Tompkins. From New Market to Gotchett's Ferry.:From North East, by Bay View, and Zion, to Brick Meeting House. From Oakland, by Shiry's, Red House, Forks of Horse-shoe Run, Bonnifield's Mills, and Holly Meadows, to New Interest in West Virginia. From Oakington Switch to Oakington. From Offut's Cross-Roads to Rockville. From Olney, by Laytonville, to Goshen. From Park Mills to Greenfield Mills. From Parkton, by Weisesburgh, to Heref'ord. From Patuxent to Forest. From Perrymansville to Booth Bay Hill. From Perryville, by Port Deposit, and PRock Run, to Darlington. From Philopolis, by Belfast, Mount Carmel, Black Rock, and Trenton, to Upperco. From Piney Point to Leonardtown. From Piscataway, by Beantown, Bryantown, and Charlotte Hall, to Leonardtown. From Piscataway to Pomunkey. From Pittsville to Powellvile. From Point of Rocks, to Waterford, in Virginia. From Poplar Creeklc by Lisbon, to ~Crooksville. Frolll Potter's Mill to lWheeling. From Port Tobacco, by Allen's Fresh, Newport, Chaptico, and Saint Clemelnts Bay, to Leonardtown. s II9[ — 130 POST-ROADS. From Port Tobacoo, by Bryantown, to Benedict. From Port Tobacco, by, Partnership, and Hill Top, to Nanjemoy. From Port Tobacco to Pisgah. From Princess Anne to Deal's Island. From Princess Anne to Fairmount. From Princess Anne, by Kingston, to Bell Mount. From Princess Anne to Mount Vernon. From Princess Anne to Tyaskin. From Queenstown, by Wye Mills, and Hillsborouglh, to Denton. From Reistertown, by Upperco, Hampstead, Manchester, Hanover, in Pennsylvania, Hampton: Round Hill, York, Sulphur Springs, and Papertown to Carlisle. From Rockville, by Darnestown, Dawsonville, and Poolesville, to Barnesville. From St. Leonard, by Lisby's Store, to Mill Creek. From Saint Leonard to Solomons. From Saint Michaelis to Bay Hundred. From Saint Nicholas to Bread Creek Neck. From Salisbury, by Derickson's Cross-Roads, and Whaleysville, to Berlin. From Salisbury, by Friendship, and Dublin, to Newtown. From Sandy Hill, by Lindseyviile, to Oak Grove. From Sandy Spring to Brighton. From Silver Hill, by Oxen Hill, to Piscataway. From Somerfield, in Pennsylvania, to Selbysport. From Snow Hill to Derickson's Cross-Roads. From Snow Hill, by Nasaingo Furnace, to Princess Anne. From Snow Hill, by Newtown, to Princess Anne. From Spenceville to Colesville. From Sykesville to Freedom. From Taneytown to Harney. From Templeville to Marydell. From Towsontown, by Mount Pleasant, to Fairview. From Tracy's Landing, by Bristol, to Dunkirk. _From Uniontown to Nevw Windsor. From Unity, by Triadelphia, Matthew's Store, and C.ooksville, to Hood's -Mills. From Upper Marlboro', by Hill's Bridge, Bristol, and Dunkirk, to Friendship. From Upper Marlboro', by Nottingham, Brandywine, Horse Head, Aquasco, Benedict, and Charlotte Hall, to Chaptico. From Warren to Sweet Air. From Westerman's Mills, by Sweet Air, to Long Green Academy. From West Friendship to Sykesville. From Westminster to Freedom. From Westminster, by Frizellburgh, Uniontown, Taneytown and Bridgport, to Emmittsburg. From Westminster, by Mexico, and Snydersburg, to Manchester. From Westminster, by Union Mills, to Littlestown. From West Nottingham, by Battle Swamp, to Rising Sun. From West River to Lancaster. From Weverton, by Brownsville, to Rohrersville. From Weverton, by Petersville, and Burkettsville, to Rohrersville. From White Ha~ll, by Shawsville, and Taylor, to Jarrettsville. From White Hall, by Stablersville, and Buckstone, to Gorsuch's Mills. From Whitehaven to Reallsville. From Williamsport to Hagerstown. From Wolfsville to Sabillasville. From Wolfsville to Smithbulrg. IN T-IE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 131 IN THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. Massachusetts. From Amherst, by Leverett, Shutesbury, North Prescott, New Salem, 3 Aug., 1854, c. and North New Salem, to Orange. 230, v. 10, pp. 359From Ashburnham Junction, by Gardner, South Gardner, Baldwins- 364. 3 March, 18,57, c. ville, Templeton, Philipston, South Royalston, Athol, Orange, Wendell 109, v. 11, p. 230. Depot, Erving, Grout's Corners, Northfield, Vernon, and Hinsdale, to 14 June, 1858, c. Brattleborough, in Vermont. 162, v. 11, p. 350. From Athol, by North Orange Warwick, Winchester, West Will- 57e F'b., 1861 c. 5 57, v. 12, p. 159. chester, and Hinsdale, to Brattleborough, in Vermont. 14 July, 1862, c. From Attleboro', by North Attleboro', to South Attleboro'. 171, v. 12, p. 573. From Auburndale to Newton Lower Falls. 14 March, 1866, c. From Baldwinsville Depot, by Templeton, to Phillipston. 16, v 14, p. 7. From Barre to West Brookfield. 35, v. 15, p. 418. From Bellingham, to Woonsocket Falls, in Rhode Island. 25 July, 1868, c. From Bethel Depot to Warwick. 244, v. 15, p. 189. From Boston, by Brighton, Newton, West Newton, West Needham, 131,v.ch 1, p. 329. Natick, South Framingham, Ashland, Cordaville, Westborough, and 5 March, 1870, c. New England Village, to Worcester. 22, v. 16, p. 72. From Boston, by Cambridgeport, to Cambridge. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Boston, by Canton, Sharon, East Foxboro', Mansfield, Attle- 10,v. 16, p.463. boro', Seekonk, and Pawtucket, in Rlhode Island. to Providence., v. 17, p. 26. F rom Boston to Charliestown. 10 June, 1872, c. From Boston, by Dorchester, to Milton. 427, v. 17, p. 384. From Boston, by Harrison S'quare, Neponset Village, Quincy, Brain- 2s,3arch, 17873, c. tree, South Braintree, South Weymouth, Abington, 1H1anson, Southll Hanson, and Kingston, to Plymouth. From Boston, by Lynn, Salem, Beverly, Hamilton, Wenham, Ipswich, Newburyport, East Salisbury, Seabrook, in New Hampshire, Hampton Falls, Hampton, Northampton, and Greenland Depot, to Portsmouth. From Boston, by Malden, Melrose, Medford, Stoneham, South Reading, Reading, Wilmington, Ballardvale, Andover, Sutton's Mills, North Andover, Lawrence, Haverhill, Plaistow, in N3ew Hampshire, Newton Depot, East Kingston, Exeter, South, New Market, New Market, Durham, Dover, Salmon Falls, and South Berwick, in Maine, to South Berwick Junction. From Boston, by Roxbury, to Jamaica Plains.. From Boston, by Somerville, Waltham, Lincoln, Concord, South Acton, Acton, West Acton, Littleton, West Littleton, South Groton, Shirley, Shirley Village, Leominster, and [North Leominster, to Fitchburgh. From Boston, by West Medford, Winchester, East Woburn, Wilmington, and North Billerica, to Lowell. From Boston, by West Roxbury, Dedham, South Dediham, Walpole, East Walpole, Medfield, South Walplpole, East Medway, West Medway, North Wrentham, Wrentham, Franklin City, Franklin, South Franklin, Bald Hill, Bellingham, South Bellingham, and Woonsocket Falls, in Rhode Islandl to Blackstone. From Braintree Depot, by Weymouth, East Weymouth, and Hingham, to Cohasset. From Carlisle to Bedford. From Charlemont, by West Hawley, and the house of Timothy Baker, in Savoy, through the northwest part of Hawley a.nd the northerly part of Savoy, to Adams, South Village. From Charlton Depot, by Charlton and Southbridge, to Globe Village. From Chatham, by North Chatha m, East Harwick, and South Orleans, to Orleans. From Chester Village, by Ringville, to Worthington. Fromn Chilmark to Gay Heacd. From Cohasset, by Nort.h Scituate, Scituate, and East Mlarshfield, to Marshfield. From Cordaiville, by HIopkinton, and Southboro', to Woodville. 132 POST-ROADS. From Dedham, by West Dedharn, Medficld, and Rockville, to Franklin City. From Dedham Junction, by Dedham, South Dedhanm, Walpole, Est Walpole, South WTalpole, Franklin City, and Franklil, to Waterford. From East Foxboro', by Foxboro', and West Foxboro', to Wrentham.'From Enfieldl, by Prescott, to Pelham. From Enfield, by Ware, to West Brookfield. From Fall River, by Newport, in Rhode Island, to New York City. From Fall River, by Swansea, and $Warren, in Rhode Island, to Bristol. From Fall River, by Tiverton, in Rhode Island, and Portsmoulth, to Newport. From Farnumsville to New England,Village. From Foxborough to Wrentham. From Franklin to Sheldonville. From Franklin, by West Wrentham, to Diamond Hill, in Rhode Island. From Fitchburg, by West Fitchlburg, Westminster, Ashburnham, Ashburnham Depot, Gardner, South Gardner, Baldwinsville, South Royalston, Royalston, Athol, Athol Depot, Orange, Wendell Depot, Erving. Grout's Corners, 7Northfield Farms, Northfield, West Northfield. and Vernon, in Vermont, to Brattleboro'. From Fitchburg, by Westminster, Ashburnham, Winchendon, Fitzwilliam, in New Hampshire, Troy, Marlboro' Depot, Marlboro2, Keene, East WVestmoreland, WVestmoreland Depot, and Walpole, to Bellows Falls, in Vermont. From Granville Corners to North Granby, in Connecticutl. From Great Barrington, by Hartsville, Mill River, New Marlboro', Sandisfield, North Colebrook, in Connecticut, and Colebrook, to Winchester. From Great Barrington, by North Egremont, to Alford. From Greenfield to Conway. From Greenfield, by East Shelburne, Colerain, Adam sville, and Heath, to Rowe. From Greenfield, by Montague Canal, to Grout's Corners. From Greenfield, by Shelburne, Shelburne Falls, East Charlemont, Charlemont, and Florida, to North Adams. From Groton Depot, by Forge Village, to North qhelmsford. From Groton Depot, by Shirley, and Townsend Harbor, to Townsend. From Groton Junction, by Forge Village, Westford, West Chelmsford, and North Chelmsford, to Lowell. From Groton Junction, by West Groton, Townsend Harbor, Townsend] West Townsend, and Mason, in New Hampshire, to Mason Village. From Hancock to Lanesborough. From Hanover, by Pembroke, to Marshfield. From Haverhill to Bradford.:From Haverhill, by East Haverhill, West Amlesbury, Amesbury, and Salisbury, to Newburyport. From Hinghaln, by North Cohasset, to Hull. From Hingham, by South Hingham, Wyest Scituate, and South Scituate, to North Marshfield. From Hinsdale, by Winchester, West Winchester, Westport, Swansea, and West Swansea, to Keene. From Holliston, by Medway, Franklin, West Wrentham, Diamond Hill, in Rhode Island, and Valley Falls, to Pawtucket. From Holmes's Hole, by West Tisbury, to Chilmark. From Hudson to Clinton. From the Junction to Watertown. From Kingston, by North Plympton, and East Middleboro', to Middleboro'. prom Lawvrencei by Methuen, to Salen, in New Hampshire.;F'rom Lawrence, by North Andover, West Boxford, Georgetown, and Byfield, to Newburylport. IN THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 133 From Lexington, by Bedford, Carlisle, and Westfordt to Forge Village. From Lexington Depot to Bedford. From Lowell, by Carlisle, to Concord. From Lowell, by Tewksbury, to Lawrence. From Medfield, by East Medway. and Medway, to West, Medway. From Middleboro', by Rock, South Middleboro', West Warehamn, Wareham, East Wareham, North Sandwich, Monument, and West Sandwich, to Sandwich. From Milbury, by Sutton, to West Sutton. From Milford, by South Milford, to Bellinghlam. From Milford, by Mendon, to Uxbridge. From Monument,, by Pocasset, North Falmouth, West Falmouth, and Falmouth, to Wood's Hole. From Nahant to Lynn. From Nantasket Depot, by North Cohasset, to Hull. From Natick to Saxonville. From New Bedfoird, by Dartmouth, South Westport, Ada,msville, Little Compton, in Rhode Island, and Tiverton Four Corners, to Tiverton. From New Bedford, by Fairhaven, Mattapoisett, and Sippican, to Wareham.lu From New Bedford, by North Dartmouth, Westport, Fall River, Swansea, North Swansea, and South Seekonk, to Providence, irn Rhode Island. From New Bedford to Rochester. From New Bedford, by Wood's Hole, and Holmes's Hole, to Edgartown. From New Bediord, by Wood's Hole, and Holmnes's Hole, to Nantucket. From Newburyport, by Salisbury, Amesbury, and KIensington, in New Hampshire, to Exeter. From Newburyport, by West Newbury,'Groveland, and Bradford, to EHaverhill. From New England Village Depot, by New England Village, to Grafton. From Northampton, by East Hampton, to Southampton. From Northampton, by Hadley, Amherst, North Amherst, Sunderland, and Montague, to Grout's Corners. From Northampton, by Leeds, and Haydensville, to Williamsburgh. From Northampton, by West Hampton, and Norwich, to Chester Village. From North Abington Depot, by East Abington, Hanover, and Pembroke, to West Duxbury. From North Adams, by Williamstown, and Pownal, to Bennington, in Vermont. From North Andover, by West Boxford, Georgetown, and Byfield, to Newburyport. From North Danvers, by Topsfield, Boxford, Georgetown, and Bradford, to Haverhill. From North Falmouth, by Hatchville, and East Falmouth, to Waquoit. From North Wrentham, by Rockville, to Medway. From Oak Bluffs Landing to Edgartown. From Orange, by North Orange, and Warwick, to Winchester, in New Hampshire. From Palmer, by Bond's Village, Enfield, and Greenwich, to Greenwich Village. From Palmer, by Brinmfield, Fiskdale, Sturbridge, and Globe Village, to Southbridge. From Palmer, by Three Rivers, Belchertown, and South Amherst, to Amherst. From Palmer, by Thorndike, to Ware. From Pittsfield, by Cheshire, and Adams, to - North Acdagis. From Pittsfield, by Lanesboro', NTew Ashford, and South Williamstown, to Williamstowu. From Pittsfield, by Lenox, to Lee. 134 POST-ROADS. From Railroad Depot, by Chester Factories, Becket, Otis, West Otis, and Monterey, to Great Barrington. From Railroad Depot, by Southborough, to Marlborough. From Railroad Depot, by Stoughton, North Easton, and South Easton, to Easton. From Rehoboth, by North Rehoboth, to Attleboro'. From Rehoboth, to East Providence, in Rhode Island. From Rollinsford to Great Falls. From Russell, by Blanford, to North Blanford. From St. Johnsbury to North Danville. From Salem, by Beverly Farms, and Manchester, to Gloucester. From Salem, by Danvers, and Danversport, to North Danvers. From Salem, by Danversport, and Middletown, to Lawrence. From Salem to Marblehead. From Sandwich, by Sandwich, Cotuit, Cotuit Port, Marston's Mills, and Osterville, to Centreville. From Sandwich, by West Barnstable, Barnstable, Yarmouthport, Yarmouth, Dennis, East Dennis, West Brewster, Brewster, East Brewster, Orleans, Eastham, North Eastham, South Wellfleet, Wellfleet, Truro, and North Truro, to Provincetown. From Sheffield, by South Egremont, North Egremont, Green River, in New York, Austerlitz, and Spencertown, to Chatham Four Corners. From Shelburne Falls, by Buckland, Hawley, and South Hawley, to Plainfield. Fromi Sheldonville to Wrentham. From South Abington Depot, by South Abington, and East Bridgewater, to Bridgewater. From South Acton Depot, by Stow, 3Rockbottom, Feltonsville, Berlin, and Boylston, to West Boylston. From South Braintree Junction, by Randolph, East Randolph, East Stoughton, North Bridgewater, Cambello, West Bridgewater, Bridgewm;ter, North Middleboro', Middleboro', Myrickville, and Freetown, to Fall River. From South Deerfield, by Conway, Ashfield, Plainfield, and Savoy, to Adams. From South Framingham to Framingham. From South Framingham, by Holliston, and Braggville, to Milford. From South Sandwich to Mashpee. From South Westport, by Westport Point, to Adamsville, in Rhode Island. From Springfield, by Chicopee, to Chicopee Falls. From Springfield, by Chicopee,Williamarnsett, Holyoke, Northampton, Hatfieldl, East WhatleyWhatley, South Deerfield, Deerfield, Greenfield, Bernardston, West Northfield, Hinsdale, West Winchester, in New Hampshire, Winchiester, Westport, West Swanzey, and Swanzey, to Keene. From Springfield, by Williamansett, Ireland Depot, Northampton, Hatfield, East Whatley,Whatley, South Deerfield, Deerfield, Greenfield, and Bernardston, to Northfield Junction. From Springfield, by Chicopee, Williamansett, and South iHadley Falls, to South Hadley. From State Line Depot, by West Stockbridge, Stockbridge, and South Lee, to Lee. From Sterling Junction, by Sterling, and Leominster, to Fitchburgo From Steventown, in Yew York7 by Hancock, to Williamstown. From Taunton, by Myrickville, to New Bedford. From Townsend, by New Ipswich, in New Hampshire, to Peterborough. From Tanuton, by North Dighton, Dighton, and Somerset, to Swansea. From Taunton, by Norton, and Mansfield, to Mansfield Junction. From Taunton, by Raynham, to Bridgewa.tero From Warren, by Brimfield, to Wales. IN THE STATE OF MIC-IGAhN 135 From Wendell Depot, by W\ endell, Lock's Village, and North Leverett, to Montague. From West Barnstable, by Hyannis, to Hyannisport. From West Barnstable, by Hyannis, and West YarmouthL, to South Yarmouth. From Westborough Station, by Northborough, to Shrewsbury. From West Brookfield, by New Braintree, to Hardwick. From West Brookfield, by Ware, and Enfield, to Amherst. From West Cambridge, by East Lexington, to Lexington. From Westfield, by East Granville, West Granville, Tolland, and New Boston, to Sandisfield. From West Newton, by Newton Upper Falls, Grantville, and Needham, to Dover. From Weston Depot, by Weston. and Wayland, to Sudbury. From Whitinsville to East Douglass. From Williamsburgh, by Chesterfield, West Chesterfield, Worthington, West Worthington, and Peru, to Hinsdale. From Williamsburgh, by Goshen, Culnmington, Cummington West Village,. East Windsor, Windsor, and Hinsdale, to Hinsdale Depot. From Winchester to WVoburn. Froml WoburnI, by Burlington and Billerica, to Lowell. From Worcester, by Clappville, Charlton Depot, Spencer, East Brookfield, Brookfield, West Brookfield, Warren, Palmer, Collins' Depot, Ludlow, Springfield, West Springfield, Mittineague, Westfield, Russell, Chester Village, Chester Factories, Bancroft, North Beeket, Washington, Hinsdale Depot, Hinsdale, Dalton, Pittsfield, West Pittsfield, Richmond, Flat Brook, in New York, Canaan Four Corners, Canaan, Canaan Centre, Chatham Four Corners, Chathanm Centre, Niverville7 Schodack Depot, and Greenbush, to Albany. From Worcester, by Hiolden, and North Rutland, to Rutland. From Worcester, by Paxton, Coldbrook, Barre, Petershanm, North New Salem, Wendell Depot, Northfield, and Vernon, in Vernonut, to Brattleboro'. From Worcester, by Paxton, West Rutland, Smithville, Barre Plains, Barre, Petersham, and North New Salem, to Orange. From Worcester, by Paxton, Coldbrook, Barre, Petersham, NortIt New Salem, and Wendell Depot, to Warwick. From Worcester, by West Boylston, Oakdale, Clinton, Sterling, Lancaster, Harvard, South Groton, Groton, Pepperell, and East Pepperell, to Nashua, in New Hampshire. From Yarmouth, by South Yarmouth, West Dennis, South Dennis, West Harwick, Harwick, Harwichport, South Harwich, Cbatham, and North Chatham, to East Harwich. IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN. 3 Aug., 1854, c. 230, v. 10, pp. 496From Abscota to Pine Creek. 501. From Ada, by Smyrna, Alton, and Vergennes, to Otisco.,3 Marv.,. 710c. From Adamsville, by Mottville, and Union, to White Pigeon. 18 Anug., 1856, c. From Adrian, by Fairfield, and Lyons, to Ottokee, in Ohio. 168, v. 11, pp. 130From Adrian to Parker's Corners. 131. From Adrian, by Rome, Mendon, Addison, Wheatland Centre, Ad- 103 arc, 1857,. 235. ams, and North Adams, to Jonesville. 14 June, 1&58, c. From Adrian, by Rome Centre, Springville, Cambridge, and Brook- 162, v. 11, p. 352. lyn, to Napoleon. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Adrian, by Tecumseh, Clinton, Manchester, and Napoleon, to V57v. 1, p. 159. 2 June, 1862, c. Jackson. 95, v. 12, p. 416. From Alaska to Hammond. 14 July, 1862, c. From Albion to Homer. 171 V. 12, p. 573. From Albion, by Sheridan, Clarence, Brooklfield, and on the line be- 75,uv. 13, p. 31,c tween Brookfield and Walter, and on the township line between Char- 3 arclh1, 1865, c. lotte and Carlamel, to Charlotte. 104, v. 13, pp. t523, From Allegan, by Holland, to Grand Haven. 524. 13 6 POST-ROADS. 14 March, 1866, c. From Allegan, by Monterey, Salem, Byron, and Grandville, to Grand 16, v. 14, p. 7pids. 267. 14, 6p. 283. From Allegan to Paw Paw. 2 March, 1867, c. From Allegan, by Pine Plain, and Manlius, to Saugatuclk. 191, v. 14, p. 552. From Allegan, by Trowbridge, Cheshire, Bloomingdale, and Waverly, 30 March, 1868, C. to Paw Paw. 35, v. 15, p. 48. C5 July, 868, G. 1From Allison to Nevwmaln. 21 July, 1868, C. 244, v. 15, p. 190. From Almat, by Forest Hill, Salt Ri-ver, and Wiota, to NMount Pleasan t 3 March, 1869, c. From Almlont, by Dryden, Amboy, and Etna, to Farmer's Creek. 131, v. 15, pp. 329, From Anmont, by Goodland, to North Branch. 330. 10 April, 1869, c. From Alpena to Roger's City. 30, v. 16, p. 48. From Amadore to soodland. 5 March, 1870, c. From Ann Arbor, by Webster, Northfield, HEamburgh, and North 22,. 16, p. 72. lHamburgh, to Howell. 14 July, 1870, c.to ECl 273, v. 16, pp. 285, From Appleton, by Shawano, L'Ance, Houghton, Clifton, Eagle 286.'iRiver, and Eagle Harbor, to Copper Harbor. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Arland, by Tompkins' Mills, Aurelius Centre, and North Aure101, v. 16, p. 464. lius, to Delhi Centre. 20 April, 1871, c. 28, v. 17, p. 17. From Ashton to Marietta. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Atweed to Charlevoix. 6, v. 17, p. 26. From ALugusta, by Hickory Corners, and Cedar Creek, to Hastings, 14 May, 1872, c. From Averill's Station to Edenville. 159, F. 17, p. 109. 10 J.nue, 1872,. From. Avery, by Troy, to Laketon. 427, v. 17, p. 384. From Battle Creek, by Abscota, and Union City, to Coldwater. 3 March, 1873, c. From Battle Creekl to Athens. 255, v. 17, p. 5(93. From Battle Creek, by Bedford, Johnstown, Bristolville, Baltimore, Hastings, Irving, Middleville, Caledonia, and Whit-neysville, to Grand Rapids. From Battle Creek, by Climax Prairie, West Climax, Pavillion, Brady, Schooleraft, Prairie Ronde, Decatur, Little Prairie Ronde, and Pickett's Corners, to La Grange. From Battle Creek to Nashville. From Battle Creek, by Yorkville, Richland, Prairieville, Fulton, Yankee Springs, AMiddleville, Caledonia, and Whitneysville, to Grand Rtapids. From Bay City to Sand Beach. From Bebee's Station, by Memphis, Baker's Corners,. West Berlin, and Capac, to Merrillville. From Bellevue, by Kalamo, and Vermontville, to South Cass. From Benzania, by Platte, and Empire, to Glen Arbor. From Big Rapids, by Chippewa Lake, to Mill Brook. From Big Rapids to Cook's Station. From Big Rapids to Elk IRapids. From Big Rapids to Hersey Branch. From Big Rapids, by Paris, to Manistee. From Big Rapids, by Roger's Bridge, Satterly's Mill, and Cato, to Stanton. From Big Rapids, by Sherman City, to Mount Pleasant. From Blissville, by East Ogden, and West Ogden, to Fairfield. From Bloomingdale to Breedsville. From Browne to Caledonia. From Boston, by Patterson's Mills, to Greenville. From Brady, by Wakeshma, and Pine Creek, to Abseota. From Bridgeport to Corunla,. From Bridgeport, by Frankenmuth, and Worth, to Vassar. From Bridgeton to Whitehall. From Brighton, by North Brighton, Hartland, and Tyrone, to Fentonville. From Bristol, in Indiana, by Inion, Osborn's Mills, and Brownsville, to, Cassopolis. From Broodklyn by Colnmbia;~Ljberty, Soutlh Jackson, and'Benniiett's Corllers, to Spring 4rbor. IN THE STATE OF MCHIMGAN, 137 From Brooklyn to Napoleon. From Brookside to Section six, township eighteen north, range tell west. From Bronson's Prairie to Orland, in Indiana. From Brownstown, by Woodville, Huron, Romulus, Belleville, and Rawsonville, to Ypsilanti. From Buchanan, by Weesaw, and New Troy, to Laketown. From Calvin to East Calvin. From Camden, by Morganville, Bird, Attica, Morenci, Chesterfield, Lyons, Metamora, and Riga, to Whiteford. From Capac, by Belle River, and Berville, to Armada. From Cassopolis, by Edwardsburg, and Adamsville, to Elkhart, in Indiana. From Cedar Springs to Mitchell's Prairie. From Central Lake to Torch Lake. From Charlotte, by Carlisle, Bellevue, Verona, and Penfield, to Battle Creek. From Charlotte, by Chester, and South Cass, to Boston. From Charlotte, by Chester, Roxana, and Danby, to Portland. From Chesaning to Birch Run. From Chesaning to Saint Charles. From Clam Lake to Manistee. From Clam Lake to Sherman. From Clam Lake to Traverse City. From Clayton, by Canandaigua, and Medina, to Morenci. From Clayton, by Dover, to Seneca. From Climax Prairie to Galesburgh. From Climax Prairie, by Leonidas, and Colon, to Burr Oak. From Clinton, by Benton, Salem, and Pittsfield, to Ypsilanti. From Coldwater, by Bethel, and East Gilead, and Nevada Mills, iu Ilndiana, to Flint. From Coldwater, by Orangeville, and Union City, to Athens. From Columbus, by Memphis, East Berlin, and West Berlin, to Almont. From Constantine, by Hart's Corners, Newburg, and Vandalia, to Cassopolis. From.Constantine, by Shaw's Mills, Williams, and Brownsville, to Cassopolis. From Constantine, by White Pigeon to Three Rivers. From Coopersville, by Lamont, to Eastmansville, From Coopersville, by Mansfield Mills, Ravenna, Slocum's Grove, Whitney's Mill, and Moreland, to Squire's Ferry. From Corunna, by Hartwellville, Perry, and Woodhull, to Lansing. From Corunna, by Owasso, Rush, Chesaning, and Saint CharleS, to Saginaw. From Corunna, by Shiawassee, Vernon, and Byron, to Howell. From Corunna, by Shiawasseetown, Fremont, Antritn, and Conway, to Fowlerville. From Corunna, by Humphrey Wheeler's, in New Haven, to Chesaning. From Crapo to Section three, township nineteen north, range twelve west. From Croton, by Grand Traverse, and MackinaDw, to Sault de Ste Marie. From Croton to Leonard. From Croton to Traverse City,. From Decatur Station, by Little Priairie Ronde, Ma.rcellus, Union, and Flowerfield Centre, to Three Rivers. From Decatur, by Prospect Lake, to Lawrence. From Detriot to Cleveland. From Detroit, by Dearbornville, Wayne, South Plymouth, Ypsilanti, Ann Arbor, Scio, Dexter, Chelsea, Franciscoville, Grass Lake, Leoni, Michigan Centre, Jackson, Barry, Gidley's Station, Albion, IMarengo, Marshall, Ceresco, Battle Creekl, Charleston, Galesburg, Comstock, Kalarmazoo, Paw Paw Mat. ttawan, Lawton, Decatur, D1owa.giac, Niles, Buchaan,~n DaytonNew Bufifo, a.lndl Mlichigan City, in Indiana, to Chicago. [38 POST-ROADS. From Detroit, by Ecorse, Trenton, Gibralter, Brownstown, Newport, Brest, lonroee, Lia Salle, Erie, and Manhattan, to Toledo. From Detroit, by Greenfield, Redford, Plank Road, Farminlgtoi, Novi, Elicksville, New Hudson,:Kensington, Brighton, Genoa, Howcll, Fleming, Fowlelrsville, Phelpstowvn, Williamstown, and Sanford, to Lansing. From Detroit, by the Plank Road, Mount Clemens, and Aluont, to Lapeer. From Detroit, by the Plymouth Plank Road, through the townships of Greenfield, Redford, Livonia, and Plymouth, to Northville. From Detroit, by Roseville, Mount Clemens, New Haven, Columbus, Saint Clair, and Mack's Place, to Port HIuron. From Detroit, by Royal Oak, and Birmingham, to Pontiac. From Detroit to Sault de Ste Marie. From De Witt9 by Bingham, and Greenbush, to Dau Plain. From De 5Witt by Riley, and Westphalia, to Maple. From Dexter, by Base Lake, Pinckney, East Mariion and Marion, to.Howell. From Dexter, by Inghain Centre, to Mason. From Dexter, by Unadilla., Stockbridge, and Inghamr, to Mason. From Dowagiac, by La Grange, Cassopolis, Vaudalia, Newburg, and Three Rivers, to Centreville. From Dowiagiac to Volinia. From Dundee, by Summerfield, and Lambertsville, to Toledo, in Ohio. From Eagle River, by Beasley's, Torch Lake, Portage Lake, and Houghton, to Portage Entry. From East Saginaw to Alma, by Saint Louis. From East Saginaw, by Bloomfieldl, to Vassar. From East Saginaw, by Portsmouth, to Hampton. From East Saginaw, by Watrousville, to Cairo. From Eaton Rapids, by Spicersville, Brobokfield, and Walton, to Olivet. From Elk Rapids, by Dunbar, Rootville, east end of Pine and Waloon Lakes, to Bear Creek Mission. From Ellington, by Grant Township, to Lake Huron. From Emmett to Memphis. From Emmett to Peck. From Escanaba,% by Sturgeon's River, and North Manistee, to Sault de Ste Marie. From Escanaba, by Mason's, to Menessing. From Evart to Falmouth. From Falmouth, by Farewell, to Clam Lake. From Falmouth, by Houghton Lake, and Grand Traverse State Roadl, to Fife Lake. From Farmington, by North Farmington, West Bloomfield, and Pine Lake, to Pontiac. From Feln's Mills, by Douglas, to Saugatuck. From Fenn's Mills to Manlius. From Fentonville to Flint. From Fentonville, by Tyrone, Hartland, North Brighton, and Whitmore Lake, to Ann Arbor. From Flint, by Davison, to Lapeer. From Flint, by Flushing, and North Venice. to Corunna. From Flint, by Genesee, Thetford, Pine tRun, Bridgeport, Bridgeport Centre, and East Saginaw, to Saginaw. From Forestville, by Bingham, Austin, Elllaind, Ellington, Almer, Indianfields, Watrousville, Denmark, and Blumfield,Iunction, to East Saginaw. From Frankenlust to Winona. From Frankfort, by Benzonia, to Traverse City. From Fredonia, by Linma, and Ohelsea, to Sylvan. From Galesburg, by Pavilion, and Brady, to Melndon. lFrom Gard(ner's Corners, in tlhe town of Bing:ham, by E3ast Essex, to iMalp]e Rapids, an1d ]ssex Post-Office. IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN. 1139 From Goodrich, by Davisonville, Davison Centre, Richfield, Forest, Vassar, Frankenhielf, and Blumfield, to Lower Saginaw. From Grandcledge, by Eagle, to Portland. From Grand Haven City to Harwood. From Grand Haven, by Muskegon, White Lake, Pent Water, Perie, and Point au Sable, to Manistee. From Grannd Rapids, by Austerlitz, Cannonsburg, Bostwick, Lake Grattan, and Otisco, to Greenville. From Grand Rapids, by Austerlitz, North Carmlon, Courtland, and Oakfield, to Greenville. From Grand Rapids to Croton. From Grand Rapids, by Grandville, Georgetowi, Allendale, and Ottawa, to Grand Haven. From Grand Rapids, by Grandville, to Holland. Froml Grand Rapids, by Grandville, Tallmadge, Steele's Landing, Pollton, Ottawa Centre, Crockery Creek, Nortonville, and Mill Point, to Grand Haven. From Grand Rapids, by Indian Creek, Pleasant, Pintler's Corners, Casnovia, and Newago, to Croton. From Grand Rapids, by Loomisville, Berlin, Wright, and lRavenna, to Muskegon. ]From Grand Rapids, through the township of Wyoming, Byron, Dorr, and Salem, to Allegan. From Green Buy, by Little Bay de Noquet, Escanaba River, Carp River, Keweenaw Bay, Eagle River, Eagle Bay, and Copper Harbor, to Lake Superior. From Greenville, by Montcalm, to Muskegon Rapids. From Greenville to Muskegon Rapids. From Greenville, by North Shade, to Gratiot Centre. From Groveland, by Holly Mills, Holly Rose, White Lake, and EHighland, to Kensington. From Groveland, by Holly Rose, Highland, and Milford, to New Hudson. From Hadley to Lapeer. From Hastings, by Alto, to Flat IRiver. From Hastings to Galesburg. Froml Hastings to Lowell. From Hastings to Woodland. From Hersey, by Le Roy, and Muskrat Lake, to State Road, at west line of township twenty-four north, range seven west. From Hersey, by Muskrat Lake, to Traverse City. From IHersey to mouth of Chippewa Creek. From Hillsdale, to Angola, in Indiana, by Reading, and Fr6mont. From Hillsdale, by Cambria, West Woodbridge, Morgansville, West Bridgewater, Lambertson Corners, and West Buffalo, to Bryan, in Ohio. From Hillsdale, by Frontier, to Amboy. From Hillsdale, by North Adams, Moscowv, Baldwin's Mills, and Somerset, to Jackson. From Hillsdale, by Ransom, Wood's Corners, and Cass, to Medina. From Hillsdale, by South Jefferson, and Ransom, to Wood's Corners. From Holland to Robinson. From Holland to Saugatuck. From Holland, by Zeeland, Weisland, and Jamestown, to Grand Rapids. From Holly to New Hudson. From Home, by Barton, to Paris. From Home to Tekonsha. From Howell, by Marion, Iosco, Middleton, and White Oak, to Ingham. From Howell, by Oak Grove, Deer Creek, Tuscola, Burns, and Firdmont, to Slhiawassee. From lHubbardstoni to Alma. 140 POST-ROADS. From Hudson, by Cass, and Domestic, in Ohio, to West Unity. From Hubbardston, bv North Shade, to Elm Hall. From Ionia, by Avon, Rix, Flat River, and Ada, to Grand Rapids. From Ionia, by Boston, South BostOn, and Carlton, to Hastings. From Ionia, by Crystal, to the centre of Isabella County. From lonia to Easton. From Ionia to Fallsburg. From Ionia, by Greenville, to Leonard. From Ionia, by North Plains, to Mathlerson. From Ionia, by Smyrna, to Greenville. From Ionia to Stanton. From Ionia to Vermontville. From Ionia, by Wheatland, and Otisco, to Greenville. From Isabella to Midland. From Ithica, by Alma, and Saint Louis, to Midland City. From Ithica, by La Fayette, to Saint Charles. From Jackson to Pulaski. From Jackson, by South Henrietta, Henrietta, Bunker Hill, and Felts, to Mason. From Jackson, by Southl Jackson, Liberty Mills, Somerset, Addison, and Rollin, to Hudson. From Jackson, by Spring Harbor, Concord, Pulaski, and Scipio Centre, to Jonesville. From Jaclkson, by Thompkins, Otter Creek, Eaton Rapids, and Eaton, to Charlotte. From Jackson, by West Rivers, Aurelius, Leslie, Eden, Mason, and Delhi Centre, to Lansing. From Jeffersonville, by Redfield's Mills, to Adalnsville. From Jonesville, by Litchfileld, Homer, and Eckford, to Marshall. From Kalamazoo, by Cooper, Plainwell, and Otsego, to Allegan. From Kalamazoo, by Martin, Bradley, Wayland, Cuba, and Paris, to Grand Rapids. From Kalamazoo, by Portage, Schooleraft, and Flowerfield, to Three Rivers. From Kalamazoo to Richland. From Kalamazoo, by Vicksburg, Park Reserve, and, Centreville, to Sturgis. From Kalamazoo, by Waverly, Breedsville, Hunter, South Haven, Ganges, and Johnson's, to Newark. From Kalamazoo, by Ynouski, to Yankee Springs. From L'Ance, by Orntonagon, and La Pointe, to Fond du Lac, in Minnesota. -From Laketon, by New Troy, to Three Oaks. From La!,keview to Millbrook. From Lakeville, by Fillmore, to Altmont. From Lakeville, by Mount Pleasant, Romeo, Ray, Armada,~ and Richmond, to Columbus. From Lakeville, by Oxford, Brandon, and Eagle Lake, to Groveland. From Lansing, by Alverson, Woodhull, Perry, and Antrim, to Byron. From Lansing, by Delta, Grand Lodge, Mud Creek, Danby, and Se. bewa, to South Cass. From Lansing, by De Witt, Laingsburg, Enterprise, and Hartwellville, to Byron. From Lansing, by Eagle, Portland, Mapl, and Lyons, to Ionia. From Lansing, by Oneida, Chester, Verinontville, Merrit, Hastings, Glass Creek, Gun Lake, Bradley, Fogo, and Proctor, to Allegan. From Lansing, by West Windsor, Charlotte, Walton, and Olivet, to Marshall. From Lansing, by Windsor, Eaton Rapids, Springport, Clarence, and Rice Creelk, to Marshall. Fromn Lapeer to North Bralnch. IN THE STATE OF MInHIGAN. 14 I From Laphamville, by Cedar Springs, Nelson Township, John Moore's, and Thornplains, to Croton, and the Forks of Muskegon River. From Lapeer, by Lathrop's Mills, in Oregon, Neven's Mills, Marathon, Hay's Mills, and Fourt, to Pine Run. From Lapeer, by Marathon, Watertown, and Fremiont, to Vassar. From Lapeer, by North Branch, and Buel, to Lexington. From Lawton to Paw Paw. From Leonard to Stevens. From Leonidas, by Sherwood, Dry Prairie, Pine Creek, and Leroy, to Battle Creek. From Lexington, by Bark Shanty, Cherry Creek, Forestville, Chase's Mills, Elm Creek, Whitcomb's Mills, and Brakeman's MRills, to Point Aux Barques. From Linden, by Argentine, and Deer Creek, to Oak Grove. From Little Prairie to Cassopolis. From Little Traverse to Mackinaw City. From Little Traverse, by Mackinaw City, to Duncan. From Lock's Station, by Burr Oak, and Oporto, to Centreville. From Lowell to Smyrna. From Lowell to Middleville. From Lyons, by Fair Plains, Ronald Centre, and North Plains, to Greenville. From Manchester to Chelsea. From Manchester to Grass Lake.'From Manistee, by Portage Lake, Huntington's Dockl, Henning Lake, Frankfort, Platte, and Empress Dock, to Glen Arbor. From Manistee, by Rush Lake, Portage, Planting Ground, Bear Lake, Herring Creek, Frankfort, Point Betsey, North Unity, and Leland, to Northport. From Manistee to Stronach. -From Maple, by Edgerton, to Newaygo. From Marquette to Grand Island. From Marquette, by L'Ance, to Eagle River. From Marquette, by Little Bay de Noquet, to Green Bay. From Manistee, by North side Manistee River, to Sherman. From Marquette to Sault de Ste Marie. From Marquette, by the most direct line to the Wisconsin State line, on the Menomonee River, about five miles from its mouth. From MIarshall, by Cedar Lake, Newton, and Culver, to Abscota. From Marshall, by North Marshall, Bellevue, South Assyria, Assyria, Maple Grove, Castleton, and lastings, to Middleville. From Marshall, by Tekonsha, Burlington, Union City, Sherwood, Leonidas, Nottaway, Centreville, and Florence, to Constantine. From Marshall, by Tekonsha, a-rd Girard, to Coldcwater. From Mason, by Aurelius, to Eaton Rapids. From Manton to Sherman. From Mayville to Hurd's Corners. From Middlefield to Wayland. From Midland to Albany. From Midland to Isabella. From Midland, by Tittibawassee, and Jay, to Saginaw. From Niles, by Berrien Centre, Berrien Springs, Eau Claire, Pipestone, and Sodus, to Saint Joseph. From Milford to Holly. From 3Milford, by Willialnsville, Bridgeville, Horse Cross-Roads, Federalsburg, and East New Market, to Cambridge. From Millbrook to Coldwater. From Millbrook, by Sherman, to Coldwater.:From Minnesota Mine, along the lMineral range, by t-he Forest and INorwallk Mines, to Lake Agoyiber. From Minnesota Mine to mouth of Ontonagon P.ivero From Mendon to Nunitz Corners. 142 POST-ROADS. From Menomonee River, to Keewenaw Point, on Lake Superior. From the mouth of the Menomonee River, by Little Bay de Noquet, to Munising, on Lake Superior. From Monroe, by Dunkirk, to Buffalo. IFrom Monroe, by East Raisinville, North Raisinville, London, Milan, York, Saline, and Lodi, to Ann Arbor. From Monroe, by Flat Rock, Taylor, Brownstown, and Dearbornville, to Detroit. From Monroe, by Grafton, Exeter, Oakville, and Paint Creek, to Ypsilanti. From Monroe, by Ida, Summerfield, and Deerfield, to Adrian. From Montague to Otto. From Montague to Stanley. From Morenci, by Gorham, Mill Creek, Domestic, West Unity, and Lockport, to Evansport. From Morley to Millbrook. From Moscow, by Somerset, Wheatland, and Pittsford, to Hudson. From Mount Clemens, by Little's, and Ira, to Algonac. From Mount Clemens, by MAead, to Ray Centre. From Mount Clemens, by Vienna, Ray, and Ray Centre, to Romeo..From Mount Clemens, by Waterbury, Macomb, Brookline, and Armada Corners, to Romeo. From Mount Pleasant to Big Rapids. From Mount Pleasant to Tobacco River.:From Martinsburg, by Denver, to Pent Water. From Muskegon to Fremont Centre. From Muskegon, by Mears, and Pent Water, to Manistee. From Nankin, by Perrinsville and Wallace, to Detroit. From Newaygo to Big Prairie. From Newaygo, by Bridgeton, to Minkeyon. From Newaygo, by Fremont Centre, Greenwood, and Elbridge, to Pent Water. From Newaygo, by Fremont, Pewamo, GreenWood, Otto, Hart, and Weare, to Pent Water. From Newaygo to Mears. From Newaygo to Sebastopol. From Newaygo, by Weaver's Mills, to White River. From New Buffalo, by Laketon, to Saint Joseph. From Nickleville, by Brody and Elsie, to Du Plain. From Niles, by Berrien Centre, Eau Claire, Pipestone, Sodus, and Benton Harbor, to Saint Joseph. From Niles, by Berrien Centre, Pipestone, and Bainbridge, to Watervliet. From Niles, by Berrien Springs, to Saint Joseph. From North Branch to Doyle's Mill. From North Branch to Newbury, by Clifford. From Northville to Milford. From Norwood, by Antrim City, to Atwood. From Nottawa to Mendon. From Novi to Walled Lake. From Okemos, by Bath, and Victor, to Da Plain. From Ontonagon, by Adventure iline, and Douglass Houghton Mine, to Isle Royal Mine, on Portage Lake. From Ontonagon, by Bayfield, in Wisconsin, and La Pointe, to Superior in Wisconsin, during the opening of navigation. From Ontonagon, to the southeast quarter of section eleven, township forty-nine, range forty-one, in the county of Ontonagon. From Ontonagan, by Gogeber Mine, to Norwick Mine. From Ontonagon, by Lacviev Desert, to Big Bull Falls, in Wisconsin. From Ontonagon, by Rockland, Adventure, Algonquin, Hooughton, Clifton, Eagle River, ancl Eagle Harbor, to Copper Harbor. Flrom Ortonville to Stony Creek. IN THE STATE OF MICmHIGAN. 143 From Otisco, by Ashley, and White Swan, to Courtlandt Centre. From Otsego to Paw Paw. From Otsego, by Watson, Dorr, and Bryant, to Grand Rapids. Fromn Otto, by Douglas, and Cob-Moo-Sa, to Pa-Pa-Me. From Ovid to Du Plain. From Owasso, by Bennington, Middleburg, Victor, Bengal, Dallas, and Stony Creek, to Lyons. From Owasso, by Bennington, and Woodhull, to Lansing. From Owasso to Big Rapids. From Owasso, by Hall, Du Plain, Greenbush, Essex, and Matherton, to Lyons. From Owasso, by Maple Valley, and Saint John's, to Lyons. From Owasso by Rush, to Chesaning. From Paw Paw, by Lawrence, Arlington, Breedsville, and Hunter, to South Haven. From Paw Paw, by New State Road, to Allegan..From Paris to Norway Hall. From Paw Paw, by Prospect Lake, Hamilton, Keelersville, Bainm bridge, and Milbury, to Saint Joseph. From Peck to Newberry. From Peck to Tyre. From Pere 3Iarquette to Indian Town. From Petersburg, by Dumdee, East Milan, and West Milan, to Lake Ridge. From Pewamo, by Iat'herton, and Monticello, to Albany. From Pewamo, by Maple, to Portland. From Pierson to Cedar Spring.;From Pierson to Wright's. From Pinckney, by Pettysville, to Boughton. From Pinckney, by Plainfield, White Oak, and Wheatfield, to Williamstown. _From Pine Plains, by Fenn's Mills, to Gances. From Pine Run to Arbela Centre. From Pine Run, by Arbela, to Worth. From Pittsburg to Perry. From Plymouth, by Brodina, and Superior, to Ann Arbor. From Pontiac, by Auburn, Troy, Plumb Brook, Utica, and Sackett's, to Mount Clemens. From Pontiac, by Ball Mountaiun New Canandaigua, Oxford, Metamora, and Farmer's Creek, to Lapeer. From Pontiac, by Clarkston, Eagle Lake, Goodrich, Davidsonville, Davidson Centre, Rushfield, Forest, and Vassar, to Lake Saginaw. From Pontiac, by Mlahopack, Jersey, Brandon, Campbell's Corners, and Rural Vale, to Farmer's Creek. From Pontiac, by Rochester, and Mount Vernon, to Romeo. From Pontiac, by Strait's Lake, Walled Lake, South Lyons, and Gravel Run, to Ann Arbor. From Pontiac, by Waterford, Austin, Clarkson, Springfield, Groveland, Stony Run, and Grand Blanc, to Flint. From Pontiac, by Waterford Centre, Commerce, Milford, Highland, fHartland, and Oceola Centre, to Howell. From Pontiac, by Waterford Centre, White Lake, Rose,, Fentonville, Tyrone, Linden, Argentine, Byron, Vernon, Shiawassee, and Corulnna., to Owosso. From Port Huron, by Burchville, to Lexington. From Portage Lake to L'Ance Bay. From Port Austin to Bad Axe. From Port Austin, by Pinnebog, Pigeon River, and Wild FoNvl Bay, to Sebewaing. Frotma Port Huron, by Clyde Mllills, Pine River, and Wales, to Mernphis. Fronm Port Huron, by Davisvilc, to Minden. From Port Huron to Flint. 144 POST-RIOADS. From Quincy to Allegan.:From Quincy, by Butler, and Clarendon, to Huron. From Reading, by Edinburg, y dinburgand Clear Lake, in Indiana, to Metz. From Richland, by Gull Lake, to Hickory Corners. From Richmond to Saint Clair.:From Rochester, by Mount Vernon, and Mere, to IRomeo. From Romeo, by Armada, to Bebee's Station. lFrom Romeo, by Pinery, Scottsville, Albertsonville, Brockway, Lynn, and Merrillsville, to Port Huron. From Royal Oak, by Big Beaver, Utica, Shelby, Washington, and Romeo, to Almont. From Royal Oak, by Troy, Rochester, and Oakland, to Lakeville. From Saginaw, by Duncan, and Mackinaw, to Sault de Ste Marie. From Saginaw, by the eastern side of the lower Peninsula, and Duncan, on Sheboygan Bay, to Mackinac. From Saginaw to Grand Traverse Bay. From Saginaw to Saint Louis. From Saint Clair, by China, Belle River, and Cottrellville, to Algonae. From Saint John's, by Gardner's Corners, Sprinkbrook, Pompeii, Gratiot Centre, and Saint Louis, to the county-seat of Isabella County. From Saint John's, by Keystone, Greenbush, Stella, and North Star, to La Fayette. From Saint John's, by Keystone, Pompeii, and Itha.ca, to Saint Louis. From Saint John's, by Luna, Gardner's Corners, East Essex, M3aple Rapids, and Springbrook to Ithaca. From Saint John's, by Maple Rapids, to Alma. From Saint Louis, by l/idland, to Hampton. From Saline, by Union District, Bridgewater, Silver Lake, and Sharon, to Grass Lake. lFrom Saugatuck, by Hollandl, to Grand Haven. From Saugatuck to South Haven. From Sault de Ste Marie, to Fort Wilkins, on Lake Superior. _From Sault de Ste Marie, by Grand Island, to Marquette. From Sault de Ste Marie, by Mackinaw, and Dunean, to Saginaw.:From Sault de Ste Marie to Ontonagon. From Shawano, in Wisconsin, by mouth of the Ontonagon River, Forks of Ontonagon, in Minnesota, Adventure, Aztec, Douglass, Hfoughton and Algonquin Mines, Houghton on Portage Lake, Eagle River, and Eagle Harbor, to Copper Harbor. From Shawano, in Wisconsinby stations one, two, three, and four, to Keweenaw Bay. From Sheboygan to Mackinaw City. From Shelby to Hesperia. From Sherman, by Township twenty north, ranige eight west, to HTersey. From Shiawassee, by North Vernon, Swartz Creek, Crockersville, Flint, and Kearsley's, to Lapeer. From Southfield, by Franklin, to Birmingham. From South Haven to Saugatuck. From Sparta Centre, by Ensley, to Howard City. From Stanton to Ferris. IFrom Stanton to Mill Brook.:From Stanton to Mount Pleasant. ~From Stanton to Saint Louis. From Stationf'our to Marquette. From Station four to National Minnlesota Mine. From Steven's Landing, by townships of Worth, Fremlont, and Speaker, to Maple Valley. From Stony Run, by Goodrich, Davidsonville, and Hadley, to Farmes's Creek. Froin Sturgis, by Centre'ville, Mendon, and Brady, to Kalamazoo. irom Sturgis to Fawn River. IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. 145 From Sturgis, by Nottawa, to Centreville. From Sutton's Bay to Leland. From Swartz Creek, by Gaines, to Byron. From Sylvania, in Ohio, to Whiteford Centre. From Tecumseh, by Ridgeway Ridge, and York, to Ypsilainti. From Tecumseh, by Tipton, Springville, Cambridge, Woodstock, Somerset, and Moscow, to Jonesville. From Toledo, in Ohio, by Whitefield, Ottawa Lake, Riga, Blissfield, Palmyra, Adrian, Clayton, Hudsoni, Florida, Hillsdale, Jonesville, Sylvranus, Quincy, Coldwater, Branch, Batavia, Bronson's Prairie, Lock's Station, Sturgis, White Pigeon, Bristol, Elkhart, in Indiana, Mishawka, South Bend, Laporte, Coffee Creek, and Calumet, to Chicago, in Illinois. From Traverse City, by Dougherty's Mission, and Centreville, to Northport. From Traverse City, by Glen HIarbor, and Carp River, to Northport. From Traverse City, by Monroe Centre, and Wexford, to Sherman's. From Traverse City, by Rootville, south arm of Pine Lake, east arm of Pine Lake, and Bear River, to Duncan. From Traverse City, by State Road, to Midland City. From Traverse City, by Stephen's, Charlevoix, and(l Little Traverse, to Duncan. From Unadilla to Plainfield. From Vassar to Port Sanilac. FrmIn Vassar, by Watrousville, Fairgrove, and Akron, to Unionville. From Vermontville to Barrysville.:F'rom Vermontville to Iona. ~From Warnerville, by Oak Plains, to Brighton. From Watervliet to Deerfield. From Wayne, by Nankin, Plymouth, and Mead's Mills, to Northville. From Wayne to Romulus. From Wayne, by Romulus Centre, and Huron, to Brownston. From West RPives, by Anrelias, to Delhi Centre. From West Ogden to Ogden Centre. From West Ogden to Robertson's Corners. From White Pigeon, by Mottville, Union, Adamsville, Edwardsburgh, Niles, Cottage Hill, in Indiana, and Terre Coupe, to Hudson. From Whitneyville to Grand Rapids. From Ynouski, by Orangeville Mills, to Yankee Springs. IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. Minnesota. From Afton to Stillwater.:From Albert Lea, by Blue Earth City, to Winnebago. 230, v. 10, pp. 535, From Albert Lea, by Bristol, and Mason, to Cerro Gordo, in Iowa. 536. From Alexandria, by Holmes City, to Gager's Station. 3 March, 1855, c. From Alexandria, by Leaf Valley, Millersville, Clitherall, Battle Lake 211, v. 10, p. 712. City, Blooming Grove, and Aurdale, to Elizabethtown. 168, v. 11, pp. 131, From Alexandria, by Miltona, and Leaf Valley, to Brandon. 132. From Alexandria, by Moe, to Herman. 3 March, 1857, c. lFrom Anoka to Henderson. 238, 239. From Anoka to Mille Lac. 14 June, 1858, c. From Anoka, by Pagaska, to Henderson. 162, v. 11, pp. 350From Anoka, by St. Jonathan, to Snake River. 352. From Anoka, by Cedar Grove, Bethel, Linwood, Oxford, and North 57, V. e, p1 1(o0. Brcanch, to Sunrise. 2 June, 1862, c. FiromL Anoka to Taylor's Falls. 95, v. 12, pp. 416, From Antrim to Fairmount. 417. From Atwater to Cosmos. 30 June, 1864, c. Fromn Atwater, by Kandryoki, to Lae Sillian. 3 March, 1865, c. From Austin to Blue Earth City. 104, v. 13, p. 524. From Austin, by Geneva, Berlin, Otisco, Wilton, and Iosco, to Scint 1,4 Mrch, 18(6, c. Peter. 16, v. 14, p. 7. 18 July, 1866, c. From Austin to Mankleta. 202, v. 14, p. 189. R S IIt —— 10 146 POST-ROADS. 26 July, 1866, c. From Austin, by Mantorville, to Cannon Falls. 27, v. 14, PP. 284, From Bayfield to Superior. 285. F 2 March, 1867, c. From Beaver,-by Elba, and Whitewater Falls, to Saint Cbharlez 191, v. 14, pp. 552, From Beaver Bay to the mouth of Pigeon River. 553. From Beaver Bay to Superior, in Wisconsin. 30 March, 1868, From Beaver Falls to Wilmner. 49.' *'' From Benson Station, by Glenwood, to Alexandria. 25 July, 1868, e. From Benson to Indian Agency, at Big Stone Lake. 244, v. 15, p. 190. From Benson to Lac qui Parle. 31 March 13869, c From Benson, by Morris, Pomme de Terre, Fergus Falls, Elizaueth131, v. 15, p. 330. 10 April, 1869, G. town, and Pelican Lake, to White Earth. 30, v. 16, p. 48. From Blooming Prairie to Waltham. 5 March, 1870, c. From Blue Earth City, to Algona, in Iowa. 72, v. 16, p. 72. 7214 Jul 16 70, c7 From Blue Earth City to Banks. 273, v. 16, p. 286. From Blue Earth City, by Ewald, and Clayton, to Forest City, in Iowa. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Blue Earth City, to Fort Dodge, in Iowa. 101, v. 16, p. 464. From Blue Earth City, to Yankton, in Dakota. 20 April, 181, c. From Bonnewell's Mills, by Collingwood, to Cokato Station. i6 Jan., 1872, c. From Breckinridge, by Graham's Point, Sytominue, La Fayette, 6, v. 17, p. 26. Georgetown, in Dakota Territory, and Fort Abercrombie, to Pembinla. 14 May, 1872, c. From Brownsville to Elliota. 159, v. 17, pp. 108, From Brownsville, by Hokah, Mound Prairie, and the Forks of Root 109. 10 June, 1872, c. River, to Chatfield. 427, v. 17, pp. 384, From Brownsville, by La Crescent, Eagle Bluffs, Dressbach, Dakota, 38 Ma, R1 chmuond, Lienville, and Horner, to Winona. 3 March, 1873,c e. 225, v. 17, pp. 5J2, From Brownsville, by Riceford, to Traverse des Sioux. 593. From Brownsville, by Wilton, and Winnebago Agency, to Mankato. From Buffalo, by Frankfort, Hassan, and Battineau Prairie, to Minneapolis. From Buffalo, by Maple Lake, to Fair Haven. From Buffalo, by Maple Lake, to Fremont. From Burr Oak, in Iowa, to Winona. From C.aledonia, by Sheldon, Yucatan, and.Dedham, to Rushford. From Cambridge to Stark. From Campbell, by Sherwin's Lakes, to Fergus Falls. From Cannon Falls, by Kenyon, and Rice Lake, to Austin. From Cannon Falls, by Mantorville, High Forest, Elkhorn, Spring Valley, and Forestville, to Elliota. From Carmon's Falls, by Wastedo, Hader,Wanamingo, Cherry Grove,:and Concord, to Mantorville. From Carver to Henderson. From Carver, by WVaconia, to Watertown. From Chaska to Saint Bonifacius. From Chatfield, by Carimona, Forestville, Cherry Grove, Etna, and Elba, to Leroy. From Chatfield, by High Forest, Madison, Geneva, and Freeborn, to Winnebago. From Chatfield, by Marion, and Rochester, to Faribault. From Chatfield, by Pleasant Grove and High Forest, to Austin. From Chatfield, by WVashington, and Harrison, to Austin. From Chatfield, by Washington, and Spring Valley, to Osage, in Iowa. Froin Chippewa City, to Donaldson, and Chalmer's Store, on the Lac qni Parl-e PRiver. From Chisago City to Cambridge. From Chisago'City to Chengwatana. Froml Chisago City to Marine Falls. From (Chisago City to Stillwater. PFrom Chisago City to Taylor's Falls. Froml Clearfield to Marion. From Clear Lake, by Clear Water, and Fair Haven, to Forest City. From Clear Lake to Santiago. From Clear Spring, by Clea-r Water, to Forest City. IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. 147 From Cokato to Fair Haven. From Cold Spring to Maunanah. From Columbus to Cambridge. From Cook's Valley, by Watkins Mills, and Lathrop's Store, to Rochester. From Cosmos, by Birch Cooley, to Beaver Falls. From Cottage Grove, by Woodbury, and German Settlement, to Saint Paul. From Cottage Grove, by Woodbury, and McCattis' Corners, to Saint Paul. From Crcokston, by Red Lake Agency, and North Branch, to Grantsburg. From Crow Rapids to Saint Peter. From Crow Wing to Brainard. From Crow Wing, by Cass Lake, and Red Lake, to Pembina. From Crow Wing to Fort Clark. From Crow Wing, by Otter Tail City, and Monta, to Fort Abercrombie, in Dakota. From Crow Wing, by Sandy Lake, to Fond du Lac. From Crow Wing, to Superior, in Winconsin. From Dakota City, by Judson, and Crystal Lake, to Blue Earth. From Dayton, by Crow Rapids, to Lac qui Parle. From Decorah, in Iowa, by Brownsville, Montezuma, and Minnesota City, to Wabashaw. From Detroit, in Michigan, to Dunleith, by steamer. From Detroit to Richfield. From Du Luth to the Falls of Vermillion River. From D-unleith to Vermillion Lake. From Elliota, by Freeport, Wernkann, Waterville, and Johnson's Landing, in Iowa, to Prairie du Chien. in Wisconsin. From Elliota, by Granger, Uxbridge, Forest City, Lime Springs, Chester, Le Roy, Six-Mile Grove, Cedar Valley, Otranto, Shell Rock City, and Walnut Lake, to Blue Earth City. From Elliota, lby Le Roy, and Austin, to Elliota.'From Elliota, by Spring Valley, High Forest, and Mantorville, to Cannon Falls. From Elizabethtown to Oak Lake. From Elk River, by Pleasant Valley, to Spencer Brook. From Elk River to Princeton. From Fair Haven, by French Lake, to Cokato Station. From Falls of Saint Anthony to Little Canada. From Falls of Saint Anthony, by Stephen's Mill, at Lake Minnetoulka, and Walker's Landing, to Henderson. From Falls of Saint Louis River, to Superior, in Wisconsin. From Fairmount, by Fox Lake, Wooster, and Graham Lake, to Yancton, in Dakota Territory. From Faribault to Glencoe. From Faribault, by Medford, and the valley of Straight River, to Bradford, in Iowa. From Faribault, by Swaresey, and Iasco, to Mankato. From Faribault to Wilton. From Faxon, by Glencoe, and Koniska, to Hutchinson. From Fergus Falls, by Elizabeth City, to Pelican Rapids. From Fergus Falls, by Elizabeth City, and Prairie Lake, to Janesville. From Forest City, by Kimball's Prairie, and Maine Prairie, to Saint Cloud. From Forest City, by Mananah, Ewing, and Nichols, to New London. From Forest City, by Sylvan Hill, and Forest Prairie, to Cold Spring. From Forestville, by Arnoldsville, to West Union, in Iowa. From Fort Atkinson, in Iowa, to Faribault. From Fort Brits, by Blue Earth City, to Albert Lea. 148 PIOST-ROADS. From Fort Ridgeley, by Birch Cooley, Beaver Creek, Sacred Harp Creek, Hawk Creek, and Palmer's Creek, to Chippewa City. From Fort Ripley to Crow Wing. From Fort Ripley, by Sandy Lake, to Pokegonia Falls. From Fort Ridgeley, by South Pass of the Rocky Mountains, Soda Springs, head of flumboldt River, Honey Lake, and Noble's Pass, in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, to Shasta City, in California. From Fort Ripley, by West-side, and Mississippi River, to Saint Cloud. From Fort Snelling, by Bloomington, Little lRapids, Traverse des Sioux, and Le Sueur, to Lac qui Parle. From Fort Snelling to the Falls of Saint Anthony. From Fort Snelling, by Mendota, Shakapee, Henderson, Little Rapids, Le Sueur, and Traverse des Sioux, to Mankato. From Garden City, by Gray's, Fairmount, and Tuttle's, to Spirit Lake. From Geneva to Freeborn. From Gilchrist, by Skunk Lake, and Camp Lake, to Kirkhoven. From Glencoe, by Hutchinson, Forest City, and Paynesville, to Clear Water. From Glencoe, by Koniska, and Silver Lake, to Lake Howard. From Glencoee, by Penn, Collins, and Preston Lake, to Greenleaf. From Glencoe to Saint Cloud. From Glencoe to Traverse des Sioux. From Glenwood, by Blue Mound, to Hancock. From Glenwood, by Langhei, and Hazel Lake, to Benson. From Glenwood, by Isaac Thorson's, Hazel Lake, Six-Mile Timber, Big Bend, and Chippewa Crossing, to Chippewa City. From Graham Lake to Herron Lake. From Graham Lake to Worthington. From Grand Meadow to High Forest. From Green Lake, by Norway Lake, to Lonburg. From Greenwood to Forest City. From Grey Eagle, by Pine Creek, to Ridgeway. From Guilford to Moscow. From Hartford, by Wart's Bridge, and Fishtrap Creek, to Crow Wing River. From Hastings, by Cannon Falls, to Kenyon. From Hastings, by Cannon Falls, to Mantorville. From Hastings, by Cottage Grove, and Gilbert's Mill, to Afton. From Hastings, by Empire City, Farmington, and Lakeville, to Shakopee. From Hastings, by Hampton, Lewiston, Northfield, Cannon City, and Faribault, to Saint Peter. From Hastings to Northfield. From Henderson, by Arlington, New Auburn, Witadan Lake, and Fort Wadsworth, in Dakota Territory, to Fort Rice. From Henderson, by Fort Ridgely, to the Sioux Agency. From Henderson, by Glencoe, Hutchinson, and Red Cedar Lake, to mouth of Sioux Wood River. From Henderson, by Prairie Mound, and Round Grove, to Beaver Falls. From Henderson, by Redstone City, and New Ulm, to the Falls of Sioux River. From Herman to Lake Traverse. From Hokah, by Middletown, Watertown, and Portland, to Lansing, in Iowa. From Holden to Northfield. From Holmes City to Herman. From Houston, by Dedham, Blackhammer, Spring Grove, Prairie Grove, Locust Lane, and Canoe, to Decorah, in Iowa. From Houston City, by Yucatan, and fli~hland, to Preston. From Hutchinson, by Cedar, Greenleaf, Kandigoli, and Irving, to Torah. From Hutchinson to I)assel. IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. 149 From Hutchinson, by Lynn, Collins, Lake Preston, and Beaver Falls, to Redwood Falls. From Hutchinson, by Cedar Mills, Cosmos, and Lake Lilian, to GranLite Falls. From Isaac Thorson's, by Gilchrist, and Grove Lalke, to Sauk Centre. From Jackson to Big Bend. From Jackson, to Fort Dodge, in Iowa. From Jackson, by Lake Talcott, Lake Shetek, Saratoga, and Lynde, to Redwood Falls. From Jackson, to Sioux Falls City, in Dakota Territory. From Jackson, by Spirit Lake in Iowa, to Sioux City. Fromn Jackson to Windonm. From Jackson, by Worthington, to Luverne. From the mouth of James River, by Blue Earth, Rocky Hill, and Sandy Hill, to Wakandapi Hills. From Janesville to Alma. From Janesville to Elysian. From Jordan, by Lexington, and Le Sueur Centre, to Cleveland. From Kirkhoven, by Buffalo Lake, and Rosewood, to Monteviedo. From Kirkhoven, by Granite Falls, to Lynd. From Lac Qui Parle to Brown's Valley. From La Crescent, by Loretta, Ridgeway, Farmersville, Wytoka, WTayland, Wyattsville, Warren, Neoca, Saratoga, Chatfield, and Marion, to Rochester. From La Crescent, by Troy, Chatfield, Frankfort, Grand Meadow, Mower City, Lansing, Austin, and Albert Lea, to Winnebago City. From La Crosse in Wisconsin, by Brownsville, Sheldon, Dedham, Preston, Carimona,, Forestville, Spring Valley, Grand Meadow, Mower City, Lansing, Frankfort, Austin, Sumner, Albert Lea, Freeborn, VWalnut Lake, and Winnebago City, to Shebaville. From La Crosse, in Wisconsin, to Chatfield. From La Crosse, in Wisconsin, by Hokah, to Decorah. From Lake Shetek, to section twenty-three, township one hundred and nine, Range forty west. From Lake City to Eyota. From Lake City, by Mazeppa, Pine Island, and Mantorville, to Wassioga. From Lake City, by Pell, Forest Mnound, Elgin, and Viola, to Eyota. From Lake City, by Rochester, High Forest, Root River, Mower City, and Lansing, to Austin. From Lake City, by West Albany, Hyde Park, Millville, and Forest Mound, to Plainview. From Lake Graham to Lake Shetek. From Lake Lillian, by Kandiyohi, to Summit Lake. From Lake Seigel to Lake Beauty. From La Morille, by Pickwick, and S. C. Dicks', to La Crescent. From Lanesboro' to Chatfield. From Lanesboro' to Preston. From Langdon to Cottage Grove. From Lansing, in iowa, by High Forest, South Bend, Brownsville, and Caledonia, to La Crosse, in Wisconsin. From Lansing, by Newry, to Geneva. From Leavenworth, by Lake Shetek, and Sioux Falls, to Sioux City, in Iowa. From. Leech Lake to Pokego-man Falls. From Leech Lake to Red Lake. From Le Roy, by Frankfort, and Hamilton, to High Forest. From La Sueur to Cordova. From Le Sueur, by Cleveland, and Jefferson liake, to Elysian. Frolm Lexington, by Heidellburg, to Sainlt lIubertus. Flrom Lickville to IBeclle Plain. 150 POST-ROADS. From Lime Springs, in Iowa, by Canfield, Cherry Grove, and Etna, to Spring Valley. From Litchfield, by Menannah, to Painesville. From Litchfield, by Pipe Lake, to Preston Lake. From Little Falls to Breckenridge. From Little Falls, by Broltersburg, to Sunrise City. ZFrom Little Falls, by Granite City, Hanover, and Sterling, to Fortuna. From Little Falls, by Granite City, and the north shore of Mille Lac Lake, to Superior City, in Wisconsin. From Little Falls, by Long Prairie, to Alexandria. From Little Falls, by Long Prairie, to Red River. From Little Falls to Mille Lac. From Little Falls, by Mille Lac, to Superior, in Wisconsin. From Little Saunk to Spruce Creek. From Long Prairie to Little Falls. From Looneyville, by HIouston, Yucatan, Dedham, Newbury, and Senora, to Elliota. From Luzerne to Plymouth. From Lynn to Fort Dakota. From Madelia to Antrim. From Madelia, by Lynden, and Cottonwood, to New Ulm. From Manhattan to Forest City. From Manhattan to Greenwood and Glencoe. From Manhattan to Mille Lac. From Mankato, by Leavenworth, Brown's Crossings, Lake Shetek, and Brula Crossings, to Vermillion, in Dakota. From Mankato to Minnesota Lake. From- Mankato to New Ulm. From Mankato, by Red Jafcket Mills, Castle Garden, Good Thunder's Ford, Mapleton, and Minnesota Lake, to Wells. From Mankato, by St. Nicholas, to Osage, Iowa. From Mankato, by Sterling, to Mapleton. From Mankato, by Winnebago Agency, Medo, and Danville, to Wells. From Mankato to Blue Earth City. From Mantorville to Madison. From Mantorville, by Vernon, Waltham, and Mower City, to Austin. From Maple Plain to Young America. From Marshall, by Minnesota Falls, to Granite Falls. From Maukassa, to Decorah, in Iowa. From Maywood to Princeton. From Maywood to Saint Cloud. From McCauleyville, by Fergus Falls, to Otter Tail City. From Medalia to Golden Gate. From Medary, by Flandreau, Summit City, Sioux Falls, and Eulineja, to Sioux City, in Iowa. From Medary to Fort Randall, in Nebraska. From Mendota, by Little Rapids, Traverse Des Sioux, and Little Rock, to Lac qui Parle. From Minneapolis to Arcadia. From Minneapolis to Big Stone Lake. From Minneapolis to Chaska. From Minneapolis, by Crystal Lake, Osseo, Maple, Grove, and Wassan, to Monticello. From Minneapolis, by Excelsior, to Glencoe. From Minneapolis, by Greenwood, and Bufialo, to Forest City. From Minneapolis, by Greenwood, Cocato, Forest City, and Irving, to Breclkinridge. From Minneapolis, to Hudson, on the west side of Minnesota River. Fronm Minneapolis to iutchinson. From Minneapolis, by Hutchinson, and Red River, to Pembina. From Minneapolis, by Richfield, Bloornington, Bloomington Ferry, andi Eclen Prairie, to Shiakolpee. IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. 151 From Minneapolis, by Watertown, Camden, Glencoe, Highland Lake, Lake Addie, Hutchinson, Cedar City, and Forest City, to Monticello. From Minneapolis, by Watertown, and Winstedl, to Breckinridge. From Minneapolis, by Wayzata, Watertown, Winsted, Byron, and Cedar City, to Kandiyohi. From Minneska, by East Illdian Creek, and Readl's Ford, to Mazeppa. From Minneska;, to Oronoko, by Beaver Dam, and Greenwood. From Minnesota City to Traverse Des Sioux. From Mitchllell, in Iowa, to Mankato, by Saint Nicholas. From Montevideo, by Claster's Falls, to Morris. From Monticello, by Buffalo, Chathamn, and Waverly, to Middleville. From Monticello, by Buffalo, and Red Cedar Island Lake, to Traverse des Sioux. From Monticello, by Buffalo, to Watertown. From Monticello to Rockford. From Monticello, by Silver Creek, and Corinna, to Fair Haven. From Moore's Prairie to Rice City. From Moore's Prairie, by section thirty-four, township one hundred and nineteen, range twenty-nine, to RIice Lake. From Morris to Lac qui Parle. From Mount Vernon to White Water Falls. From Munniska, by Buffalo, Anchorage, Waumandee, Montania, and Osseo, to Augusta, in Wisconsin. From Nelson's Landing, in Wisconsin, by Wahcootaks Village, Olive Grove, and Mendota, to Fort Snelling. From New Auburn, by Transit, Eagle City, and La Fayette, to New Ulm. From New London to Burbank. From New London, by Green Lake, to Christiania. From Newburg, by Lenora, Amherst, and Watson Creek, to Washington. From New Ulm to Redwood Falls. From New Ulm, by Tuttle's Farm, to Leavenworth. From New Ulm, by Leavenworth, to Fort Ridgely. From New Ulm, by Leavenworth, to Lake Shetek. From New Ulm to St. Cloud. From New Ulm, by Soda Springs, Oasis, and Mountain Pass, to Medary. From Northwood to Greenwood. From Norway Lake to Foot Lake. From Oronoka to Faribault. From Osakis, by River Dale, Spruce Creek, Parker's Prairie, and Leaf Mountains, to Otter Tail City. From Otter Tail City to Breckinridge. From Otter Tail City to Crow Wing. From Otter Tail City to Leech Lake. From Otter Tail City to Osakis. From Otter Tail City to Rush Lake. From Otter Tail City to White Earth Reservation. From Owatonna to Albert Lea. From Owatonna, by Clear Lake, and Otisco, to Mankato. From Owatonna, by Geneva, to Albert Lea. From Owatonna to lHastings. From Owatonna, by Henderson, to Glencoe. From Owatonna, to Saint Nicholas, by Lemon, and Adamsville. From Owatonna, by Wilson, Saint Mary's, and Winnebago Agency, to Mankato. From Paynesville to Alexandria. From Paynesville, by Burbank, and Norway Lake, to School Laklie. From Paynesvillei by Georgesville, Lalke Jolhannt, Iol, anld Glen. wood, to Alexaldrita. From Paynesviile, by Norway Lake, to Six-mile Timber. From Paynesville to Sauk Centre. 152 POST-EOADS. From Paynesville, by Spring jill, and Bishop's Grove, to Sauk Centre. From Paynesville, by James Tuttle's, Burbank City, Norway Lake, Limberg's Town, Glenwood, and Big Stone Lake, to Fort Wadsworth, in Dakota. From Pedler's Grove to Garden City. From Pine Bend to Northfield. From Pleasant Grove, by Hamilton, and Spring Valley, to Le Roy. From Pockegoma, by Ojibwa, to MuiIle Lac. From Pomme de Terre, by Oxford, to Fergus Falls. Fromn Pomme de Terre to Rush Lake. From Pomme de Terre, by Waseota, Moran's, Arehart's Grove, Prairie Lake, and Pelican Lake, to North Pacific Railroad, near White Oak Lake. From Point Douglas, by Cottage Grove, and Red Rock, to Saint Paul. From Point Douglas, by Stillwater, Marine Mills, Taylor's Falls of Saint Croix, and Pockegoma Lake, to Falls of Saint Louis River, of Lake Superior. From Prescott in Wisconsin, by Point Douglas, Cottage Grove, and Newport, to Saint Paul. From Preston. by Arendahl, and Argo, to Enterprise. From Princeton, by Granite City, to Crow Wing. From Red Wing to Albert Lea. From Red Wing, by Belle Creek, Hader, Norway, Kenyon, and East Prairieville, to Faribault. From Red Wing to Ellsworth, in Wisconsin. From Red Wing, by Faribault, and Henderson, to Fort Ridgely. From Red Wing, by Mazeppa, to Oronoka. From Red Wing, by Mazeppa, to Rochester. From Red WVing, by Northfield, to Le Sueur. From Red Wing, by Owatonna, to Blue Earth City. Froml Red Wing, by Owatonna, and Wilton, to Verona. From Red Wing, by Pine Islands, and Ma.ntorville, to Austin. From Red Wing, by Sacramento, Wanamingo, and Rice Lake, to Owatonna. From Red Wing to Shakopee. From Red Wing, by Thomas Carney's Mill, in Wisconsin, to Ellsworth. From Red Wing to Verona. From Red Wing, by Wasioga, to Saint Nieholas.:From Redwood Falls, by Beaver Falls, to Willmar. From Redwood Falls to Lynd. From Redwood Falls, by Big Stone Lake, Fort Wadsworth, and Fort Berthold, to Fort Union, in Montana. From Redwood Falls to Yellow Medicine. Fro'm Reed's Landing, by Ch atfield, and Richiland, to Burr Oak, in Iowa. From Reed's Landing, by Mazeppa, to Faribault. From Reed's Landing, by Pepin, Lakeport, Stockholm, and Maiden Rock, to Saratoga, in Wisconsin. From Reed's Landing, by West Albany, and Oronoko, to Durango. From Richmond to Chippewa Station. From Richmond, by Glenwood, Rteno City, Holmes City, and Pomme~ de-Terre, to Fort Abercrombie, in Dakota Territory. From Richmond, by Lake Ellen, and Maple Lake, to Holmes City. From Richmond, by Lake George, Big' Grove, Grove Lake, White Bear Lake, Reno City, and Holmes City, to Chippewa. From Rochester, by Farm Hill, to Lake City. From Rochester, by Marion, Chatfield, Farmer's Grove, and Preston, to Carimona. From Rochester, by Mantorville, to Faribault. From Rochester, by Pleasant Grove, and Spring Valley, to Le Roy. From Rochester, by Salem, Ashland, and Somerset, to WXilton. From Rosendale to Cosmos. Fromi Rush City, by Anderson Post-Office, to Grantsburg, in VViscousin. IN THE STATE OF MINNESCTA.. 53 From Rush City, by Stanchfield, to Princeton. From Rushford, by Bratsburg, Highland, Lenora, Elliota, and Burr Oak, to Decorah, in Iowa. From Rushford to Preston. From Rushford, to Winnesheik, in Iowa. From Rushford to Winona. From Rush Lake to Otter-Tail Crossing. From Sand Creek, by Helena, to Oral. Fromn Sandy Lake to the Falls of the Saint Louis River. From Sauk Centre, by east end of Grove Lake, to Lake Jobanna. From Sank Centre, by east end of Grove Lake, Westfield, and Gilchrist, to Six-Mile Creek. From Sauk Centre to Holmes City. From Sauk Centre, by Scott, Long Prairie, and Lanthear, to Bassett. From Sauk Centre, by Westport, Lake Amelia, Reno City, Lake Tokan, Big Stone Lake, and Lake Traverse, to Fort Wadsworth, in Dakota Territory. From Sank Rapids to Gilmanton. From Sauk Rapids to Maywood. From Sauk Rapids, by Princeton, to Taylor's Falls. From Shakopee, by Chaska, and Glencoe, to Fort Ridgeley. From Shakopee to Excelsior. From Shakopee to Faribault. From Shakopee, by Maple Glen, New Dublin, New Market, and Cedar Lake, to Oral, returning thence by Helena, Lydia, and Macrystown, to Shakopee. From Shakopee to Northfield. From Shakopee, by Saint Mary, to Saint Benedict Church. From Shakopee, by Saint Valentine, Rockifrd, dand 3Monticello, to Clear Water. From Sioux Falls, to Fort Randall, in Nebraska. From South Bend, by Butternut Valley, to New Ulm. From Stavanger to section twenty-eight, township one hundred and fourteen, range forty-five. From Stillwater, by White Bear Lake, to Little Canada. From Sunrise City to Fish Lake. From Swan River, by Fort Ripley, Red Lake, and Long Prairie, to Pembina. From Swan River, by Martin's, Long Prairie, and Hoadley, to Long Prairie River. From Saint Anthony, by Fort Union, to Puget Sound, in Washington Territory. From Saint Anthony to Taylor's Falls. From Saint Augusta to Forest City. From Saint Augusta to Glencoe. From Saint Augusta to Torch. From Saint Charles, by Quincy, and Little Valley, to Plainview. From Saint Charles, by Saratoga, and Troy, to Preston. From Saint Charles, by Worth, and Arago, to Rushford. From Saint Cloud, by Broltersberg, and Brunswick, to Fortuna. From Saint Cloud to Crow Wing. From Saint Cloud, by Fort Abercrombie, and Bannock City, in Idaho, to Fort Walla Walla. From Saint Cloud to Fort Ripley. From Saint Cloud, to Fort Ridgely. From Saint Cloud to Lac qui Parle. From Saint Cloud to Long Prairie. From Saint Cloud to Otter Tail City. From Saint Cloud to Pembina, by Saunk RLiver, and Otter Tail Lake, Froml Saint Cloud- to Rockville. From Slillt Cloud, by Santiago, to Princeton. From Saint Cloud to Superior, by Mille Lac. 154 POST-ROADS. From Saint Cloud, by Saint Wendall, and Young's Corners, to Holding's Ford. From Saint Cloud to Taylor's Falls. Froml Saint Joseph, by Alba.ny, to New Munich. From Saint Joseph, by Saint Wendall, and Holding's Ford, to Burnhamsville. From Saint Paul to Alhambra. From Saint Paul to Cambridge. From Saint Paul, by Cannon River, to Faribault. From Saint Paul, by Carlisle, Olive Grove, Point Douglas, Prescort, Red Wing, Reed's Landing, Nelson's Landing, Mount Vernon, Winona, Brownsville, Minnewah, La Crosse, Warner's Landing, Lansing, Capoli, Buena Vista, Prairie du c(Chien, Grittenburg, and Weld's Landing, to Galena. From Saint Paul, by Decoria, and Elkader, to Dubuque, in Iowa. From Saint Paul, on the emigrant route, by Fort Ridgely, to the Missouri River. From Saint Paul, by Falls of Saint Anthony, Itasca, Elk River, Decoria, Minomonee, Clear Lake, Sauk Rapids, Watab, Mouth of Swa1 River, Little Falls, and Belle Prairie, to Fort Ripley. From Saint Paul, to Fort Atkinson, in Iowa. From Saint Paul, by Fort Snelling, Eden Prairie, and Chaska, to Carver. From Saint Paul, by Greenwood, to Monticello. From Saint Paul, to Hudson, in Wisconsin. From Saint Paul, by St. Jonathan, and Princeton, to Ojibwa. From Saint Paul, by Kaposia, Carlisle, Point Douglas, Prescott, in Wisconsin, Red Wing, Mount Vernon, Reed's Landing, Nelson's Landing, Mantorville, La Crosse, in Wisconsin, Brownsville, Minnewab, Warner's Landing, in Wisconsin, Winona, Minnesota City, Lansing, Point Rock, in Iowa, Capoli, and Webster, to Prairie du Chien, in Wisconsin. From Saint Paul to Little Canada. From Saint Paul, to Leavenworth, in Kansas. From Saint Paul, by Red Wing, and Reed's' Landing, to Lansing, in Iowa. v From Saint Paul, by Stillwater, Marine Mills, and Taylor's Falls, to Falls of Saint Croix. From Saint Paul, by Stillwater, and Saint Croix Falls, to the mouth of Left Hand River, at Fond du Lac, in Wisconsin. From Saint Paul, by West Saint Paul, Eagartown, Rosemount, Lakeville, Christiana, Hazlewood, Shieldsville, Kilkenny, Cordova, Cleveland, and Kasota, to Mankato. From Saint Paul, to West Union, in Iowa., by Cannon Falls, Mantorville, Pleasant Valley, Frankford, Lime Spring, New Oregon, and Fort Atkinson. From Saint Paul, by White Bear Lake, Forest Lake, and Chisalgo City, to Alhambra. From St. Peter, by Bancroft, to Bradford, in Iowa. From St. Peter, by Glencoe, to St. Cloud. From Saint Peter, by Lake Prairie, Kelso, and Dryden, to New Auburn. From Saint Peter, by New Ulmn, Fort Ridgely, and Sioux Agency, to Pajutazee. From Saint Peter, by Scandian Grove, and Sibley, to Henderson. From St. Peter, by Wilton, and Austin, to Decorlh, in Iowa,. From Target Lake, by High Forest, to the South Bend of Minnesota River. From Taylor's Falls, to Bayfield, in Wisconsin. From Taylor's Falls to St. Jonathan. From Taylor's Falls to Wyorming. From Tepeeotah, to Black River Falls, in Wisconsin. From Tepeeotaa to Chatfield. IN THE STATE OF MINNIESOTA. 155 From Teepeeotah to Faribault. From Torah, by Lake George, and Grove Lake, to Alexandria. From Traverse des Sioux to Arcadia. From Traverse des Sioux to Eureka. From Traverse des Sioux to Hutchinson. From Traverse des Sioux, by Le Sueur, Henderson, Fairbault, and Vermillion River, to Saint Paul. From Traverse des Sioux, by head of Swan Lake, Lafayette, and Fort Ridgely, to Sioux Agency. From Twin Lakes, by Fond du Lac, and Oneota, to Duluth. From Wabashaw, by Centreville, and Rochester, to Austin. From Wabashaw, by Dodge City, to Medford. From Wabashaw to Forest Mound. From Wabashaw, to Green Bay, in Wisconsin. From Wabashaw, by Minnesota City, Montezuma, and Brownsville, to Decorah, in Iowa. From Wabashaw, by Nelson, Maxville, Prairie, Durand, and Rock Falls, to Eau Claire, in Wisconsin. From Waseca, by Otisco, Janesville, and Leroy, to Mankato. From Waseca, by Otisco, Woodville, and Richland, to Albert Lea. From Waseca, by Otisco,, Woodville, Richland, Hartland, and Freeborn, to Albert Lea. From Wastoga, by East Claremont, and Rice Lake, to Owatonna. From Watab to Saint Joseph. From Watertown to Glencoe. From Watertown, by Winsted, Lake Byron, Lake Jenny, and Greenleaf, to Kandiyohi. From Waverly, by Lake Mary, Winsted, and Bergen, to Glencoe. From Wells to Blue Earth City. Fromr Wells, by Minnesota Lake, Sherman, Medo, Winnebago Agency, and Tivoli. to Mankato. From West Albany, by Read's Ford, to Forest Mound. From West Union to Long Prairie. From Willmar, by Eagle Lakle, West End of Lake George, and West Lake, to New London. From Willmar, by Emerson, Hawk Creek, and Yellow Medicine City, to Lynd. From Willmar to Granite Falls. From Willmar, by New London, Burbank, Crow Lake, North Fork, and Getty, to Sank Centre. From Willmar, by Norway Lake, and West Lake, to Lake Johanna. From Wilton, by Swan Lake, to Blue Earth City. From WVindom, by Big Bend, Lake Shetek, and Saratoga, to Lynd. From Winnebago Agency to Minnesota Lake. From Winnebago City, by iFairmount, to Jackson. From Winnebago City to Jackson. From Winnebago City to Windom. From Winona to Chatfield. From W~inona, by Eau Claire, Chippewa, and Mondovi, to- Chippewa Falls, in Wisconsin. From Winona to Mankato. From Winona, by Minnesota City, Elba, and Quincy, to Rocllhester. From Winona, by Money Creek, Houston, YUCIttc1n, and Belleville to Decorah, in Iowa. From Winona, to Oronoko, by Minnesota City. From Winona, by Stockton, Utica, andl Saint Charles, to Mankuliato. From Worthington, by Lawrence, to Dell City, in Dakota. From Worthington, by Round Lake, and Lake Ochedlen, to Jackson. From Worthington, to Spirit Lake, in Iowa. From Yellow Medicine to Lac qui Parle. From Yellow Medicine to a point along the Yellow Medicine River 156 POST-ROADS. in township number one hundred and fourteen, range forty-one, of the fifth principal meridian. From Young America, by Camden, Saint George, and Koniska, to Huntchinson. Mississippl. IN THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI..3 Aug., 1854, c. Fr'om Abbeville to Pontotoc. 230, v. 10,1)p. 450- From Aberdeen, by Athens, Quincy, Splung, Grubb Springs, and 4855 A- 1854, Hamilton, to Aberdeen. 271, v. 1p. 589. From Aberdeen, by Comargo, Harrisburg, and Ellistown, to Ripley. 3 March, 1855, c. Froml Aberdeen, by Houston, Greensboro, Kilmichael, Ceralvoi Shon211, v. 10, p. 707. galo, Franklin, and Benton, to Yazoo City. 18 Ag., 1856(, G From Aberdeen, to Jacinto, by Fulton. 16 V. 11 P. 129. From Aberdeen, by Pikeville, and Buena Vista, to Houston. 3 March, 1857, c. 109, v. 11, p. 2:3.;From Ashland, by Hickory Flat, and Cornersville, to Oxford. 14 June, 1858, C. From Ashland, by Rocky Ford, to Pontotoc. 162, v. 11, p. 352. From Augusta to Enon High School. 27 vFeb, p l61, 0. From Augusta, by Flint Creek, Pass Christian, and Mississippi City, 18 July, 1866, c. to Biloxi. 202, v. 14, p. 190. From Augusta, by Leaf River, McLeod's Cross Roads, and Jackson 30 March, 1868, c. Court-House, to Mobile, in Alabama. 4 Jv. 1ly0,. 470. From Baldwin to Pleasanton. 273, v. 16, pp. 286, From Bankston to La Grange. 287. From Beauregard, by Westville, and Raleigh, to Garlandsville. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Beaver Dam to Macksville. 16 Ja., 1872, 6, From Beaver Dam, by Napier, and'Owenton, to Erata. v. 17, p. 26. From Belfontaine, by Grenada, to Farmville. 14 May, 1872, c. From Belfontaine, to Oxford, by Pittsborough. 159, v. 17, P. 109. From Benela, by Keas Bridge, Big Creek, and Jones' Mills, to Coffee10 June, 1872, c. 427, v. 17, p. 385. ville. 3 March, 1873, c. From Benela, by Pittsborough, and Hartford, to Sarepta. 255, v. 17, p. 591. From Benton, by Lincoln, Bienville, and Sartartia, to Claiborneville. From Benton to Vaughn's Station. From Benton to Yazoo City. From Big Oak, by Marion Station, to Philadelphia. From Biloxi, by Lynchburg, and Jackson Court-House, to Mobile, in Alabama. From Biloxi, by Mississippi City, to Pass Christian. From Bolton to Brownsville. From Bolton Depot to Raymond. From Brandon, by Greenbush, Hillsboro?, County Line, Union, Herbert, Big Oak, De Kalb, Scooba, Gainesville, in Alabama, and Mount Hebron, to Clinton. From Brandon, by Pelahatchee, Densontown, Ludlow, and Balluctah, to Carthage. From Brandon, by Polkville, Trenton, Raleigh, Pinnellville,,and Montrose, to Paulding. From Brandon, by Raleigh, and Garlandville, to Quitman. From Brandon,'by Westville, Janesville, and Dry Creek, to Williamsburg. From Brookville to Pickensville.;From Brownsville, by Anti-Bank, Claiborneville, and Bienville, to Satartia. From Balluctab, by Pensacola, to Philadelphia. From Burtonton, by Utica, to Edward's Depot. From Canton, by Benton, Ebenezer, Lexington, Acona, Chicopee, Black Hawk, Coila, Carrolton, Beckville, Grenada, Oakachickama, Coffeeville, Water Valley, Spring Dale, Sevier, Uxfor c, Abbeville, Waterford, Holly Springs, Hudsounville, and Lamar, to La Grange, in Tenn. From Canton, by Carthage, Edinburg, Laurel Hill,= Philadelphia, Sumlmerville,cl and Wahalak, to Gaillnesville, in Alabcama. IN THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. 157 From Canton, by Carthage, and Philadelphia, to De Kalb. From Canton, by Ludlow, Hillsboro', Conehatta, and Decatur, to Enterprise. From Canton, by Madisonville, and Densontown, to Hillsboro'. From Carrollton, by Hay's Creek, Lodi, Bellefoutaine, Little Black, Fame, and Dalton, to Aberdeen. From Carrollton, by Leflore, to Greenwoo(l. From Carrollton, by Middletown, Shongalo, Gerenton, Ceralvo, Kilmichael, and Wolf Creek, to Greensboro'. From Carrollton to Sidon. From Carrollton, by Smith's Mills, Tuscahoma, Charleston, and Robinia, to Panola. From Carthage to Union. From Cartersville, by Burnt Mills, Burton's, and Hickory Plains, to Marietta. From Charleston, by Big Mound to McNltt. From Chulahoma, by Oak Hill, and Castle Hill, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Citronelle, in Alabama, by Winchester, Quitman, Marion, De Kalb, and Macon, to Columbus. From Clinton to Brownsville. From Coffeeville, by Cuddyhunk, Hartford, Pittsboro', and Cherry.ill, to Houston. From Coffeeville, by Oak Hall Academy, and Oakland, to Charleston. From Coffeeville, by Pine Valley, Banner, and Sarepta, to Pontotoc. From Coldwater, by Arcabutla, to Hudson. From Coldwater to Holly Springs. FIrom Coldwater, by Taylor's Store, to Tunica Bluff. From Columbia, by Fordsville, Spring Cottage, Riceville, Pentucky, Habolochitto, Gainesville, Pearlington, and Shieldsboro', to Pass Christian. From Columbia to Monticello. From Columbia, by Pape's Mills, Red Creek, and Lardnein's, to Mississippi City. From Columbia, by Wilkesburg, and Santee, to Williamsburg. From Columbus, by Deer Brook, Macon, Parkeville, Gholson, De Kalb, and Black Water, to Daleville. From Columbus, by Plymouth, EHickory Grove, Starkville, Double Spring, and Pigeon Roost, to Greensboro'. From Columbus, by Prairie Hill, and Crawfordsville, to Choctaw Agency. From Columbus, by Waverly, mTest Point, Siloam, and Palo Alto, to HoustOn. From Cotton Gin Port, by Rowland's, Van Buren, Fulton, Cdimmingsville, Ozark, Marietta, Hickory Plains, and Burton's, to Jacinto. From Daleville, by Kemper Springs, and Markeeta,'to Gainesville, in Alabama. From Daleville, by Marion, and Winfield, to Quitman. From Danville, by Farmington, and Monterey, in Tennessee, to Hamburg. From Deer Brook, by Brookville, to Choctaw Agency. From De Kalb, by Wahalak, and Brooklyn, to Macon. From Eastport, by Highland, Bay Springs, Cotton Ridge, Ryan's Well, Fulton, Ironwood Bluff, Smitliville, and Cotton Gin Port, to Aberdeen. From Eastport, by Pleasant Valley, in Tennessee, to Waynesboro'. From Edinburgh, by Yorka, to Centreville. From Fayette, by Stephen's CrosslRoads, and Lebanon, to Pisgah. From French Camnp, by Wilcox, and New Prospect, to Louisville. From Fulton, by Cross-IRoads, Maxcy's Mills, and Fulton, to Thompson's Store. 158 POST-ROADS. From Fulton, by Pleasanton. Yocony, Burleson, and Churubusco, to Russelville. From Fulton, by West Fulton, Woodlawn, Richmond, Camargo, Barterville, Prairie Mount, and Dix Creek, to Houston. From Gainesville, by Carbon, and Pass Christian, to Mississippi City. From Gainesville to New Orleans. From Gallatin, by Collamer, Brookhaven, and Smithdale, to Liberty. From Gallatin, by Copiab Creek, and Georgetown, to Westville. From Gallatin, by Linden, Pine Bluff; and Burtonton, to Port Gibson. From Gallatin, by Pine Bluff; Burtonton, and Utica, to Edwards' Depot. From Gallatin, by Pine Bluff, White Oak, Utica, Hall's Ferry, and Palmyra, to Warrenton. From Gallatin, by Raysville, Monticello, Hope Hill, Holmesville, Palestine, in Louisiana, and Franklinton, to Covington. From Garvin's Ferry, on the Sunflower River, to Williams' Landing. From Gholson, by Herbert, Battlefield, Evergreen, Lovett's, Chunkeyville, and Enterprise, to Quitman. From Goodman to Thomaston. From Grand Gulf, by Port Gibson, Oakland College, Rodney, and Fayette, to Hamburg. From Greenville to McNutt. From Greenville to Rolling Fork. From Greenwood to Sharkey, by the Tallahatchie River. From Grenada, by Clharleston, to Goff's Landing. From Grenada, by Duck Hill, Albemarle, Stateland, and Lodi, to Greensboro'. From Grenada, by Duck Hill, Stateland, Greensboro', Bankston, Wilcox, New Prospect, and Louisville, to Macon. From Grenada, by Graysport, and Sabougly, to Hopewell. From Grenada, by Leflore, Greenwood, and Yazoo City, to Vicksburg. From Grenada, by Oaklandc, Panola, and Hernando, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Grenada, by Providence, Caverdale, Lindsay's Creek, Bellefontaine, and Little Black, to Fame. From Grenada., to a point on Tallahatchie RIiver, near Dudley S. Ben-nett's plantation. From Grenada, by Tuscahoma, and Big Mound, to McNutt. From Grenada, by Troy, and Preston, to Charleston. From Greensboro', by Bellefontaine, Hopewell, Benela, Erin, Houston, EHoulka, and Red Land, to Pontotoc. From Grubb Springs, by Hamilton, to Aberdeen. From Hamburg, by Meadville, McCall's Creek, and Friendship, to Brookhaven. From Herbert, by Fort Foot, Okatibbee, Daleville, Lauderdale Springs, Zero, in Alabama, Livingston, Bluff Fort, and Forkland, to Greensboro'. From Herbert, to Marion Station on the Mobile and Ohio railroad. From Hernando, by Arcabutla, and Hudson's Ferry, to Austin. From Hernando, by Dixie, to De Soto Front. From Hernando, by Eudora, to De Soto Front. From Hernando, by Greenleaf, and Hancock, to Chulahoma. From Hillsboro', by Decatur, Evergreen, Sookalena, Marion, Alamutcha, Gaston, in Alabama, Black Bluff Ferry, and Jefferson, to Linden. From Hillsboro', by Sebastopol, and Steel's, to Philadelphia. From Hillsboro', by Sherman Hill, to Garlandville. From Holly Springs, by Pink Hill, and Bethlehem, to Cornersville. From Holly Springs, by Salem, Shelby's Creek, Ripley, Hatchy Turnpike, Tripoli, and Rienzi, to Jacinto. From Holly Springs, by Talaluche, and Hickory Flat, to New Albany. From Holly Springs, by Tallaloosa, Chulahoma, Tiro, Robertsville, Pleasant Mount, Sledgeville, Sardis, and Belmont, to Panola. IN THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. 159 From Holly Springs, by W,,atson, Travis, and Cockrum, to tHernando.;From IHolmesville, by China Grlove, to Columbia. From Ilolmesville, by Fordsville, to Mobile, in Alabama.:From Holmesville, by Rocky Creek, Liberty, Wall's Store, Toler's, Centreville, Holly Retreat, Kellerton, and Newtonia, to Woodville. From Hopahlka, by Carthage, Pensacola, Hillsboro', Pulaski, and IHomewoodt to Raleigh. From Hopewell to Yellow Bush. From Hlouston, by Dalton's, Line Creek, Tampico, and Starkville, to Choctaw Agency. From Houston, by Hohenlinlden and Sparta, to Clear Springs. From Houston to Kosciusko. From Iuka to Baldwin. From iuka to Pinesville. From Jackson to Baton Rouge, in Louisiana. From Jackson, by Battle Springs, Meridian Springs, Livingston, Vernon, and Butler's Bluff, to Canton. From Jackson to Brandon. From Jackson, by Clinton, Bolton's Depot, Edward's Depot, and Bovina, to Vicksburg. From Jackson Court-House, by Elder's Ferry, to Pascagoula. From Jackson, by Georgetown, Monticello, Columbia, Gainesville, Shieldsborough, Pass Christian, Mississippi City, Biloxi, and Ocean Springs, to Pascagonla. From Jackson, by Midway, Canton, Sharon, Camden, Thomaston, Kosciusko, Cowpen, Newtonsville, Louisville, WVebster, and Choctaw Agency, to Columbus. From Jackson, by Newton, Spring Ridge, Line Store, Gallatin, Hargrave, Union Church, Scotland, Malcolm, Hamburg, and Washington, to Natchez. From Kosciusko, by Bluff Springs, and Attalaville, to Richland. From Kosciusko, by Burkettsville, Rocky Point, Wheeling, and Lockhlart's Store, to Lexington. From Kosciusko to Carthage. From Kosciusko, by Centre, Plattsburgh, Noxapater, Coopwood, Fearn's Springs, and Gholson, to Shuqualak. From Kosciusko, by Centre, York, and Edinburg, to Union. From. Kosciusko, by Edgefield, to Newtonville. From Kosciusko, by Long Creek, Allen, and Williams' Ferry, to Taylor's Depot. From Kosciusko, by Planter's, French Camp, and Bankston, to Greensboro'. From Kosciusko, by Greensboro', and Houston, to Pontotoc. From La Grange, in Tennessee, by Moore's Cross Roads, Matamora, Bone Yard, Kossuth, Danville, Jacinto, Cartersville, Cripple Deer, Buzzard's lloost, in Alabama, and Gatesville, to Tuscumbia. From Lauderdale Station, by Kemper's Springs, Cullum's Mills, and Pleasant RIidge, to De Kalb. From Laurence, by Camargo, City Point, Harrisburg, Old Town Creek, Ellistown, Molins, and Claysville, to Ripley. From Lea ksville, by Vernal, to Cross Roads. From Lexington, by Bowling Green, and Emory, to Shongalo. From Lexington, by Franklin, to Richland. From Lexington, by Tchula, and Gillespie, to Greenville. From Long Creek to Ellicott's Mills. From Louisville to Carthage. From Louisville, by Hayne's Mills, to Crawfordsville.;From Louisville, by Pinishook, Noxapater, Pearl Valley, and Phila,delphia, to Union. From McLeod's to Brickley. From llMacon to Craiwtfordsvile. 160 P'OST-ROADS. From Macon, by Marshallsville, Louisville, New Prospect, French Camps, and Middleton, to Carrollton. From Macon, by Prairie Point to Pickensville, in Alabama. From Magnolia, by Milldale, to Vicksburg. From Malcolm, by Cadeville, to Meadville. From Meadville to Hamburg. From Meadville, by Wells Creek, and Knoxville, to Hopewell Church. From Memphis, in Tennessee, by Olive Branchl, Mount Isabel, Byhalia, and Red Banks,- to Holly Springs. From Mississippi City, by W. A. Ramsay's, to Jackson Court-House. From Monticello, by Benjamin Bester's, and G. H. Sasser's, to Smithdale. From Monticello, by Providence, Nimrod, Georgetown, Sandifer's Mills, and Pearl River, to Newton. From Morton to Pollkville. From Napoleon, in Arkansas, by Boliver, to Glencoe. From Napoleon, in Arkansas, by Printers, to Ehln Wood, and Victoria. From Natchez to Church Hill. From Natchez, by Cold Spring, and Woodville, to Saint Francisville, in Louisiana. From Natclhez, by Palestine, Kingston, Knoxville, and Zion Hill, to Liberty. From Nesbitt's, by Mitchell's Store, Eudora, Pratt's Mills, and Arcabutla, to Hudson's. From Nesbitt's, by Pleasant Hill, to Lewisburg. From New Albany, by Buncomb, Ellistown, Calhoun, Birmingham, Saltillo, Marysville, -and West Fulton, to Fulton. From New Albany, by Poplar Springs, and Chesterville, to Harrisburg. From Oakland, by California, to McGee's Bridge. From. Ocean Springs to Dwyer's Ferry. From Okolona, by Houston, and Pittsboro', to Grenada. From Okolona, by Palmetto, fand Chesterville, tb Ellistown. From Okolona, by Redland, to Sarepta. From Old Hickory, by Floydstown, and Cato Springs, to Brandon. From Old Hickory, by Paddytown, to Mount Carmel. From Old Hickory, by Scotchtown, to Williamsburg. From Orizaba to Baldwin. From Oxford, by Caswell,'and Liberty Hill, to Lafayette Springs. From Oxford, by College Hill, La Fomba, Harmony, Tyro, Llewellyn7s Cross Roads, Cockrum, Georgia, and Pleasant Hill, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Oxford, by Delay, and Dallas, to Sarepta. From Oxford, by Mount Sylvan, Birmingham, and Springport, to Panola. From Oxford to Paris. From Panola, by Halifax, Monthalia, Como, Tatesville, Hernando, and Eutaw, to Memphis, in Tennessee. From Panola, by Long Creek, McGee's Bridge, and Buck Hill, to Coffeeville. From Paulding, by Claiborne, to Ellisville. From Paulding, by Colemanna, and Roaring Creek, to Ocoha. From Paulding, by Danville, Beaver Dam, Winchester, Leaksville, and Wagoner's Rest, in Alabama, to Mobile. From Paulding, by Etahoma, and Laconia, to Taylorsville. From Paulding, by Hough's Store, Enterprise, and Sageville, to Daleville. From Paulding to Raleigh. From Philadelphia to Meridian. From Philadelphia to Pensacola. Fromn Philadelphia, by Fearn's Spring, to Mashulaville. From Pittsboro', by Sarepta; and Brashear's, to Oxford. IN THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. 161 Fromu Pittston to Graysport. From Plymouth, by Ash Creek, Cedar Bluff, Tampico, Line Creek, aind Fame, to Benela. Fromu Pontotoc, by Berlin, Coonewar, Harrisburgh, Mooreville, and WVcst Fulton, to Fulton. From Pontotoc, by Cherry Creek, Tardyville, New Albany, Cotton Plant, Orizaba, and Ltipley, to La Grange, in Tennessee. From Pontotoc, by Poplar Spring, EllistowVn, Calhoun, Carrollville, and Cross Ridge, to Jalcinto. From Pontotoc, by Tallibenela, Prairie, Mount Okolona, and Lawrence, to Aberdeen. From Pontotoc, by Toccopola, and Lafayette Springs, to Oxford. From Pontotoc, by Wrightsville, Rocky Ford, Cornersville, Milton, dnd Maple Springs, to Oxford. From Port Gibson, by Oak Hill, to Union Church. From Princeton to Point Worthington. From Raleigh, by Taylorsville, Knight's M1ill, Midway, and EI'ata, to Shubuta. From Raleigh, by Taylorsville, Pool's Mills? Ellisville, and Carlisle MIills, to Augusta. From Raymond, by Auburn, Cayuga, Rocky Springs, and Willow Springs, to Grand Gulf. From Richiand, by Shiloh, Cypress, Denson's Store, and Stump Ridge, to Canton. From Ripley, by Carter's Mills, Dry Run, Blackland, and Carolinla, to Reizin. From Ripley, by Dumas, Carrollsville, Campbelltown, Saltillo, Mooreviile, Richmond, City Point, and Bigby Fork, to Cotton Gin Port. From Ripley, to AMoore's Cross-IRoads, in Tennessee. From Ripley, to Saulsbury, in Tennessee. From Rolling Forkl to Hermitage. From Rossville. in Tennessee, by North Mount Pleasant, and Marshall Turnpike, to Holly Springs. From Salem, by Pleasant Ridge, and McLean's Store, to Ruckersville. From Salem, by Spring Hill, to Berlin, in Tennessee. From Saulsbury, in Tennessee, by Canaan, to Ashland, in Missisippi. From Scooba to Cooksville. From. Shannon Station to Fulton. From Shubuta to Brookhaven. From Shuqualah, by Gholson, Coffadeliali, Philadelphia, Laurel Hill, Edinburgh, and (Carthage, to Canton. From Spring Hill, by Salem, Swan's Mill, and Harrison, to Hickory Flat. From Starkville, by Whitefield, Dido, Snowsville, White Huill Bankston, Huntsville, and Poplar Creek, to Ceralvo. From Steen's Creek, by Monterey, to Brandon. From Strayhorn to Tyro. From Summit to Meadville. From Tallula, to Lake Providence, in Louisiana. From Tallula to Powellville. From Thomastown, by Hopahkla, Carthage, Edinburgh; Laurel Hill, Philadelphia, Coffadeliah, and Pleasant Spring, to Gholson. ]From Union Church to Pine Grove. From Union, by Decatur, and Garlandville, to Paulding. From Union, by William Tames, and Belton, to Chunkeyville. From Vaiden to Sidon. From Vernon, by Wroodlbine, to Satartia. From Vicksburg to Deer Creek. From Vickaburg, by Hodgson's, Rolling Fork, Col. Wick's, R. H. West'fs MeNutt's, Deer Creek, Pixton's, and Alder Grove, to Greenville. From Vicklsburg, by Warrenton, G(rand Gulf, Saint Joseplh's, in Louisiana, Rodney, W7ater Proof, in Louisiana, Natchez, Fort Adams, R S II —— 1l 1 62 POST-ROADS. Red River Landing, in Louisiana, Saint Francisville, VWaterloo, Hermitage, Port Hudson, Lobdell's Store, Baton Rouge, Brulee Landing, Manchlac, Plaquemine, Iberville, Bayou Goula, New River, Donaldsonville, Tureaud, Convent, Bonnet Carr6, Edgard, Taylor, and Labranche Landing, to New Orleans. From Vicksburg, by Warrenton, to Willow Spring. From Vicksburg, by White House, Cardiff, and Satartia, to Yazoo City. From Vicksburg, by Young's Point, in Louisiana, Mlilliken's Bend, Pecan Grove, Tallula, Lake Providence, in Louisiana, Princeton, Grand Lake, in Arkansas, Point Worthington, Greenville, Columbia, in Arkansas, Gaines' Landing, and Victoria, to Napoleon, in Arkansas. From Wahalak to Scooba. From Waterford, by Pink Hill, to- Milton. From West Station to Sidon. From Westville to Harrisville. From Westviile, by Hebron, to Molnticello. From Westville, by Old Hickory, to Raleigh. From Westville, by New Dublin, to Monticello. From. Williamsburg, by Bunker Hill, and Fairmount, to Raleigh. From Williamsburg, by Mount Carmel, and Monticello, to Brookhaven. From Williamsburg, Oakohay, and Pinnellville, to Ellisville. From Williamsburg, by. Zion Seminary, Monroe, and Enon, to Augusta. From Winchester, by Red Iill, to Taylorton. From Woodville to Hopewell Church. From Woodville, by Percy Creek, to Fort Adams. From Yazoo City, to W. H. Lambeth's, on Silver Creek. IN THE STATE OF MISSOUIRI. Missouri. From Aaron's Rock to Cambridge. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Allen, by Kytesville, to Brunswick. 230, v. 10, pp. 528- From Allendale, by Centrehill, Smithton, and West Point, to Mary535. ville. 3 March, 1855, e. 211, v. 10, Pp. 709, From Alexandria. by the county-seats of Clark, Scotland, Schuyler, 710. Putnam, Mercer, Harrison, and Gentry, to Linden. 18 Aug., 186, ca From Alexandria to Winchester. 168, v. 11 pp. 129, From Alexandria, by Saint Francisville, Kossuth, and Athens, to 3 March, 1857, c. Farmington, in Iowa. 109, v. 11, p. 235. Fromn Alexandria, by Saint Francisville, WTaterloo, Ashton, Eldorado, 14 June, 158, c. Arbela, Memphis. Middle Fabius, and Cherry Grove, to Lancaster. 362, v p.11, P 352- From Altona to Lucas. 355. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Apple Creek, to Murphysboro', in Illinois. 57, v. 12, pp. 160, From Apple Creek, by Wittenburgh, Wood, and Spruce's Ferry, to 161. Murphysboro', in Illinois. 952 June, 186, c. From Appleton, by Altenberg, _Neelv's Landing, Pleasant Hill, and 95, v. 12, p. 416. 14 July, 1862, c. Jackson, to Apple Creek. 171, v. 12, p. 573. From Appleton, by Pleasant Hill, and Vancils Ferry, to Jon esborogh, 24 Feb., 15,3, c. in Illinois. 55 June 1,6g9 c8 6 From Appleton, by Pocahontas, and Vancil's Store, to Cape Girardeau 175, v. 13, p. 319. City. 18 July, 1866, c. Froml Appleton City to Roscoe. 202, v. 14, P10.' 10 From Arno, by Ava, to E-Iartville. 267 Jvu 1, 18. 283, From Arrow Rock, ly Jonesboro', Ridge Prairie, and Heath's Creek, 284. to Georgetown. 2 March, 1867, c. From Arrow Rock to Old Jefferson. 191, v. 14, p. C53. From Ashley, by Bowling Green, to Louisiana. 30 Mar., 188, C. 35, v. 15, p. 4'9. From Athens to Fairview. 25 July, 1868, c. From Auburn, by New Hope, to Lost Creek 244, v. 15, Pp. 190, From Auburn, by Pi-airievillse, to Louisiana,. 191. Firom Barnnmtonwu. to Roney. IN THlE STATE OF MISSOTJRf. 163 From Beech to Four Mile. 3 March, 1869, c. Frorn Beehive to Marsville. 131, v. 15, pp. 330, -1rr Bno Cmlec 331. From Benton to Commnerce. 10 April, 1869, c. From Benton, by Cypress, to Charleston. 30, v. 16, pp. 48, 49. From Bethany, by Burr Oak, and New Castle, to Gentryville. 5 March, 1870, c. From Bethlany to Cainesville, 22, v. 16, p. 73. 14 July, 1870, e. From Bethany, by Cameron, to Kpnsas City. 73, v. 16, pp.. 284, From Bethany to Eagle Hill. 265-287. From Bethany, by Eagleville, to Decatur, in Iowa. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Bethany to Gallatin. 101, r. 16, pp. 464, From Bethany to Nine Eagles. 20 April, 1871, c. From Bigelow to Maryville. 28, v. 17, p. 18. From Bigelow, by North Point, and Graham, to Maryville. 16 Jau., 1872, c. From Billings, by Delaware Town, to Ozark. l. 17, p. 26. From Billings to Washburn. 159, v. 17, p. 108. From Bloomfield, by Indian Ford, Poplar Bluff, and Little Rock, to 10 Julle, 1872, c. Doniphan. 427, v. 17, p. 385. From Bloomfield to 1Kennett. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bloomington, by Coulter's Store, and Penney's, to' Huntsville'. 593. From Bloomington, by Mechanicsburg, Wyandotte, and Lilneus, to (Chillicothe. From Bloomington, to Saint Jolln, by Rice's Ferry, and Milan. From Bloomington, by Vienna, to Edina. From Bolivar, by Fair Play, and Bear Creek, to Fr6mont. From Bolivar, by Hallfway, to Buffalo. From Bolivar, by Humansville, and Weableau,, to Osceola. From Bolivar, by Orleans, Crisp Prairie, Greenfield, King's Point, Spring RRiver, and Bowers Mill, to Sarcoxie. Fronm Bolivar, by Pleasant Hope, and Fair Grove, to MIarshfield. FJrom Bolivar, by Stockton, Virgil City, and Nevada City, to Fort Scott, in Kansas. From Boonville, by Bell Air, Vermont, Round Hill, and Felix, to Versailles. From Boonville, by Conner's IMills, to Gooch's Mills. From Boonville, by 1Boonsboro', to Glasgow. From Boonville, by Gooch's gMill, and Midway, to Pisgah. From Boonville, by La Mine, Arrow Rock, Bryan, Marshall, Mount Hope, Dover, Lexington, Wellington, Sibley, and Fort Osage, to IndeIend ence. From Boonville, by Old Franklin, andl Franklin, to Fayette. From Boonville, by Pilot Grove, Pleasant Green, Cold Neck, Georgetown, Bee Branch, Cook's Store, and Bagdad, to Lexington. From Boonville, by VYa.ndalia, Pilot Grove, Cold Neck, and Buncombe, to Sedalia. From Bowling Green, by Harmony, to Spencerburg. From Bowling Green, by Vannoy's Mill, and Hickory Creek, to Mexico. From Boyd to Sand Springs. From Brazito, by Hanleys,, Saint Elizabeth Tavern, and Cage, to Dixon. From Brecknridge, to Finney's Grove. From Brecknridge to Groveland. From Brookfield, by North Salem, Owasco and Kiddville, to Unionville. From Brooklyn to Greenfield. From Brown's Shop to Shady Grove. From Brunswick to Bloomington. From Brunswick, by Brookfield, Northeut, Milan, and Unionville, to Centerville, in Iowva. From Brunot, by Cold Water, and Mosier's Hill, to Green. From Brunswick, by Compton's Ferry, Little Compton, and Fairland, to (hillicothe. 164 POST-ROADS. From Brunswick, by Elk Springs, Laclede, Linneus, Scottsville, Milan, Jackson Corners, and Unionville, to Centerville, in Iowa. From Brunswick, by Utica, to Gallatin. From Brunswick, by Yellow Creek, to Linneus. From Bucklin, by New Boston, Pleasantville, Birdseye Rridge, Greencastle, and Cincinnati in Iowa, to Centerville. From Bucklin to Owasco. From Buftalo to Fairgrove. From Buffalo, by Saint Luke, to Marshfield. From But.ler, by Belvoir, to Nevada City. From Butler, to Emporia, in Kansas. From Butler to Little Osage. From Butler, to Moneka, in Kansas. From Butler, by West Point, to Paoli, in Kansas. From Butler, by XWest Point, to Rockville, in Kansas. From Cadet Station to Big Rliver Mills. From Caledonia to Centreville. From Caledonia, by Iron Moutitain, Farmington, Kinkead, Mine La Slotte, Fredericktown, Paton, White Water, and Jackson, to Cape Girardeau. From Caledonia, by Munger's Mills, Lesterville, Logan's Creek, and Henpeck, to Van Buren. From Calhoun to Warrensburg. From California, by Jamestown, Prairie~ Home, Gooch's Mill, and Overton, to Rocheport. From California, by High Point, and Pleasant Mount, to Tuscumbia. From California, by Magnolia, High Point, Rocky Mount, and Mining, to Linn Creek. From California, by Round Hill, Giiroy, Mount Carmel, Otterville, and Arator, to Pleasant Green. From California to Versailles. From Camden, by Ashland, and Saint Bernard, to Liberty. From Cameron, by Arica, Alta Vista, Santa Rosa, and Havana, to Gentryville. From Cameron, by Plattsburg, and Liberty, to Kansas City. From Canton, to Marcelline, in Illinois. From Canton, by Maryville, to Athens. From Canton, by Memphis, Lancaster, Unionville, Saint John, Princeton, Bethany, Gentry Court-House, and Rochester, to Saint Joseph. From Canton, by Monticello, Newark, Edina, Kirlkville, Nineveh, Greenville, Milan, Lindley, and Trenton, to Ga-llatin. From Canton, by Tully, Prairie, Oakley, Fairmnount, Memphis, Middle Fabius, and Cherry Grove, to Lancaster. From Cape Girardeau, by Benton, Pleasant Plains, and Ogden, to New Madrid. From Cape Girardeau to Bloomfield. From Cap au Gris, by Burr Oak Valley, and Drydensville, to Old Alexandria. From Cap an Gris, by Cllantilly, Troy, Haw Point, Covington, and King's Mills, to Danville. From Carrollton, by Finney's Grove, Millville, anld Knoxville, to Plattsburgh. From Carrollton, by Shootman, Ridge, Bridge Creek, and Bedford, to L'aclede. From Carrollton, by Utica, to Chillicothe. From Carrollton to Waverly. From Carthage, by Diamond Grove, to Neosho. From Carthage, to Fort Scott, in Kansas. From' Carthage to Galesburg. From Carthage, to Girard, in Kansas. From Carthage to Keetsville. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 165 From Carthage to Sarcoxie. From C assville, by King's Prairie, to Mount Vernon. From Cassville, by Noah Boone's, to Neosho. From Cave Spring, by Hartville, and Red Bud, to Rockbridge. From Charlestown to Saint James Bavou. From Chamois, by Bailey's Creek, Pryor's Mill, and Mount Sterling, to Delphi. From Chamois to Portland. From Chapel Hill, by Basin Knob, and Bluff Springs, to Big Creek. From Charleston to Price's Landing. From Chester, in Illinois, by Saint Mary's Landing, Pleasant Valley, Cross-Roads, and Mine La Motte, to Fredericktown. From Chillicothe, by Alpha, and Lindley, to Wintersville. From Chillicothe, by School Creek, to Carrollton. From Chillicothe, by Spring Hill, and Clear Creek, to Gallatin. From Chillicothe, by Spring Hill, Livingston, Jamesport, Crittenden, and Pleasant Ridge, to Bethany. From Chillicothe, by Trenton, and Middlebury, to Princeton. From Chillicothe, by Trenton, and Princeton, to Leon, in Iowa. From Chillicothe, by Utica, Kingston, Plum Creek, and Beehive, to Plattsburg. From Civil Bend, by Jameson, to Crittenden. From Civil Bend to Kindig. From Clinton, by Belvoir, and Nevada City, to Lamar. From Clinton, by Browniing's Ferry, and Clay, to Osceola. From Clinton, by Deep Water, Spruce, and Pleasant Gap, to Papinsville. From Clifton, by Herculaneul-m, Selma., Rush Tower, Isle au Bois, Saint Genevieve, Saint Mary, Perryville, and Apple Creek, to Jackson. Froim Clinton, by Lucas, Elk Fork, and Butler, to West Point. From Clinton, by Manhall Creek, Monegan, Taberville, Altona, and Blue Mound, to Nevada City. From Clinton, by Post Oak, to WVarrensburg. From Clinton, by Monegan, to Nevada. From Clinton to Quincy. From Clinton, by Wadesburg, to HEarrisonville. From Cole Camp, by Chariton, to Butler. From Cole Camp, by Clinton, to Butler. From Cole Camp, by Lake Creek, Haw Creek, and Byler's Mill, to DuLroc. From Columbia to Nashville. From Columbia, by Providence, Jamestown, California, High Point, and Rocky Mount, to Linn Creek. From Columbia, by Stephens' Store, and Millersburg, to Fulton. From Columbia, by Younger's, and Salt River, to Mexico. From Commerce, by Benton, to Morley. From Competition to Plato. From Conway to Bristol. From Cornelia, by Burnett's Station, to Windsor. From Crab Orchard, by Prospect Hill, and Hainesville, to Plattsburg. From Crawford Seminary, to Childer's, on the Neosho River. From Crocker to Lima Creek. From Cross-Roads, by Brady's Mills, to Perryville. From Cuba, by Steelsville, to Dent Court-House. From Curran, by Flat Creek, to Berryville, in Arkansas. From Curran to Ozark. From Danville, by Big Spring,:Dry Fork Mills, Rhineland, and Loutre Island, to Hermann. From Dlanville to Mexico. From Dent Court-House, by Harlow's Mills, to Jack's Fork. From Des Moines, in Iowba, by Trenton, Chillicothe, andl Carrollton, to Little Rock, in.Arkansas. 166 POST-ROADS. Froml Doniphan to Martinsburg. From Dixon to Manton. Froml Douglas Court-House to Howell Court-House. From Dresden, by Elmwood, to Waverly. From Dundee, by Campbellton, aind Port Hudson, to Cedar Fork. From Easton, by Riochester, andt Fairview, to Des Moines. From Edina, by Millport, Sand Hill, Greensburg, and Pleasant Retreat, to Memphis. From Eleven Points, to Jackson, in Arkansas, by Hesterly's. From Elk Mills, by Lewis Hetterbrand's, Peter L. Thompson's, and Lewis Rodgers', to Grand Saline. From Ellsworth, by RIoubidoux, to Hartville. From Erie to Buffalo. From Eminence to Thomasville. From Erie, by Lebanon, Jericho, Hazlcwood, Cowskin, and Big Beaver, to Forsyth. From Erie, to Oakland, by Lebanon. From Fairview to High Point. From Fair Grove to High Prairie. From Farmington to Hazel Run. From Farmington, by Big River Mills, Silver Springs, Avoca, and Argyle, to Hillsboro. From Fayette, by Boonsboro', to Arrow Rock. From Fayette, by Bunker Hill, to Sturgeon. From Fillmore,by Graham, Russell's Mills, Lamar's Station, and Amity, to Clarinda, in Iowa. From Finneyes Grove to Utica. FIrom Florida, by Santa Fe, to New Mexico. Froml Forest City, by Rushbottom, Lowell, Hemmes Landing, Sonora, and Linden Landing, to Sidney, in Iowa. From Forsyth to Arno. From Forsyth, by Big Beaver Creek, to Hartville. From Forsyth, to Carrollton, in Arkansas. From Forsyth, by Cape Fear, to Cassville. From Forsyth to Gainesville. From Forsyth, to Little Rock, in Arkansas. From Forsyth, by Long Creek, to Berryville, in Arkansas. From Forsyth, by North Fork, to Rockbridge. From Fort Henry, by Thomasville, Atterbury, and Jackson's Store, to Callao. From Fort Scott to Neoshe. From Frankford, to Florida, by Spencerburg, Madisonville, and Lick Creek. From Frankford, by Spencerburg, to Curryville. From Franklin Depot to Little Prairie. From Fremlont to Fort Scott. From Fremnont, by Wheatlandl, to Lamar. From Fredericksburg, by New Providence, and Oshawa, to Linn. From Fredericktown, by Cold Water, Greenville, Cane Creek, MIarlinsburg, Hick's Ferry, in Arkansas, Crosson's Store, Hanauer's Store, Fourche Dumas, Pocahontas, and Black's Ferry, to Jackson. From Fredericktown to Dallas. From Fredericktown to Ironton. From Fredericktown to Lowndes, by Milldam, Duvall, and Bollingers. From Fredericktown to Perryville. From Fulton, by Concord, Mexico, and Long Branch, to Paris. From Fulton, by Millersburg, Columbia, Rockport, and Fayette, to Glasgow. From Fulton, by Reform, to Portland. From Fulton, by Saint Aubert, to Lion. From Gainesville to Mountain Home. From Galena~, by Curran, and Marionville, to Mount Vernon. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 167 Fronm Gallatin to Alta Vista. From Gallatin to Cainesville. From Gallatin, to Leon, in Iowa. From Gates to ElAk Millsi From Gentry Court-House, by Alanthus Grove, Sweet Homne, Maryville, and Hallsa's Ferry, to Linden. From Gentry Court-House, by Grant's Mill, to Winterset, in Iowa. From Georgetown, by Fairview, Knobnoster, Warrensburg, Globe, and Big Creek, to Harrisonville. From Georgetown, by Spring Fork, to Cole Camp. From Georgetown, to MIarshall, by Longwood. Frrom Georgetown to Spring Garden. From Georgetown, by Windsor, and Calhoun, to Clinton. From Georgia, by Galesburg, to Minersville. From Glasgow to Bloomington. From Glasgow, by Cambriclge, Petra, Miami, and Cow Creek, to Marshall. From Glasgow, by Keytesville, Brunswicl, Pleasant Park, Manlius, De Witt, Carrolltonll, Round Grove, Richmond, Crab OrchaFd, and Woodford, to Liberty. From Glasgow, by Roanoke, Mount Airy, Huntsville, Milton, Madison, Paris, Florida, Indian Creek, Saline, and Pigeon Creek, to Hannibal. From Glasgow, by Salisbury, to Callao. From Glasgow, by Switzer's Mill, M. Harrel's, and Eli Wayland's, to Callao. From Glencoe, by Pond, and Orrville, to Bonhomme. From Golden City to Avilla. From Golden City to Chambersville. From Granby, by Pineville, Bentonville, and Fayetteville, to Van Buren, in Arkansas. From Grant City, by Luitzton, to Hopkins. From Grant Hill, by Grant City,- to Bedford, in Iowa. From Gray's Summit, by Port William, and Traveller's Repose, to Wishon's. From Gray's Summit to Wishon's. From Greenfield, by Horse Creek, and Lamnar, to Fort Scott, in Kan sas. From Greenfield, by King's Point, and Davisburg, to Carthage. From Greenfield, by Turnback, Mount Vernon, and Hall, to Cane Creek. From Green Ridge, by Burnett Station, to Cornelia. From Green Top, by Hartford, to Centreville, in Iowa. From Greenville, by Otter Creek, and Greenwood Valley, to Van Buren. From Greenwood Valley to Eminence. From Gregory Landing to Winchester. From Hamilton, by Gallatin, Salem, and Bethany, to Eagle. From Hannibal, by Florida, Paris, and Huntsville, to Fayette. From Hannibal, by Hanson, Sharpsburg, and Somerset, to Paris. From Hannibal, to Naples, in Illinois. From 1[Hannibal, by Palmyra, Hester, La Grange, Canton, Tully, and Alexandria, to Keokuk. From fHlannibal, to Quincy, in Illinois. From Hannibal to Saint Joseph. From Hannibal, by West Ely, to Shelbyville. Fronm Harmony to Potosi. From Harrisonville, by Everett, West Point, and Blooming Grove, to M{ound City. From Harrisonville, by Paola, Stanton, and Ohio City, to Sac and Fox Agency. From Harrison ville, by VWest Point, and Marvel, to Papinsville. 168 POST ROADS. From Hartford to Milan. From Hartville to Aurora.. From Hartville, by Big Beaver Creek, to Forsyth. From Hartville to Douglas Court-House. Frcm Hartville, by Hickory Springs, to Thomasville. From Hartville, by Sufinyside, to Aurora. From Hartville to West Plain. From Hartwell to Ozark. From Hermann, by Drake, Owensville, Canaan, and High Grove, to Rolla. From Herm ann, by Gasconade Ferry, Fredericksburg, and Bailey's Creek, to Linn. From Hermann, by Merrimac Iron-W'orks, and Licking, to Houston. From Hlermann, by Francis Petel's, on Second Creek, Mount Sterling, John B. Cooper's, Alexander S. Rogers', in Galloway's Prairie, to'Piay Downi. From Hermann, by Smith's Prairie, Douglass Prairie, and Samuel Smith's, to Rolla. From Hermitage, by Buffalo, to Hartville. From Hermitage to Lynn Creek. From Hermitage to Nevada City. From High Hill, by Price's Branch, Tivoli, Truxton, Lost Branch, and Louisville, to Ashley. From Hillsboro', by Lemay's Ferry, to Saint Louis. From Hillsboro', by Morse's Mills, to Grubbville. From Holden, by Dayton, to Butler. Fromr Holden, by Hughes' Store, Norris Fork, and Huntingdale, to Clinton. From Holden, by Index, Dayton, and Altona, to Butler. From Houston to Howell Court-House. From Houston, by Philadelphia, to Shelbyville. From Houston, by Rush, to Montauk. From Houston, by Stanford, and Hickory Spring, to IRockbridge. From Houston, by Summ erville, to Eminence. From Houston to Thomasville. From Howell Court-EHouse, to Pilot Hill, in Arkansas. From Huntsville, by Fort Henry, Breckiuridge, and Ma;gee College, to Bloomington. From Huntsville, by Smithlaud, and Miiddle Grove, to Madison. From Iberia to Dixon. From Independence, by Big Cedar, and Pleasant Hill, to Harrisonville. From Independence, by Blue Springs, Stony Point, Oak Grove, and Chapel Hill, to Columbus. From Independence, by Hickman Mills, and Santa Fe, to Fort Scott, in Kansas. From Independence, by Liberty, Plattsburg, Osborn, Maysville, and Gentryville, to Albany. From Independence, by Wayne City, to Liberty. From Independence, by Westport, Fort Leavenworth, Fort Kearney, Fort Laramie, Fort Smith, and Green River, to Salt Lake City, in Utah. From Independence, by Westport, in Kansas, Delaware, Fort Leavenworth, Weston, De Kalb, and Sparta, to Saint Joseph. From Iron Mountain, by Arcadia, Lesterville, Cent.reville, and Alamode, to Eminence. From Iron Mountain, by Belleview, and Kaolin, to Edge Hill. From Iron Mountain, by Howes Mill, to Dent Court-House. From Iron Mountain, by Pilot Knob, Arcadia, and Patterson, to reenville. Fromr Iron Mountain to Salem. From Jackson, by County Seat, Perkins' Creek, and Lowndes, to Greenville. From Jackson, lby Peoples, and Piketon, to Bloomfield. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 169 From Jamestown to Dent Court-House. From Jefferson City, by E. E. Basse's. and A. Bradford's, to Columbia. From Jefferson City, by Dixonville, Lookout, Californuib, and Round Hill, to Pisgah. From Jefferson City, to Emporia, in Kansas. From Jefferson City to Little Rich Woods. From3Jefferson City to Louisiana. From Jefferson City, by Mairion, Jamestown, Midlway, a, nd Clark's Fork, to Boonville. From Jefferson City, by Missouri River, to Saint Joseph. From Jefferson City, to Moneka, in Kansas. From Jefferson City, by Russellville, High Point, Versailles, Hfaw Creek, and Cole Camp, to Warsaw. From Jefferson City, by W'm Smith's, Richard Rounden's, and Latham's, to Little Piney. From Jefferson City, by Stone's Port, to Columbia. From Jefferson City, by Stringtown, and Hickory Hill, to Tuscumbia. From Jefferson City, by Westphalia,, Mavais, Kinderhook, Splanish Prairie, Maramec, Steelville, Osage, and Harmony, to Caledonia. From Johnstown, by Hudson, Johnson City, and Chalk Level, to Osceola. From Kane, by Gaston, Fairview, Florence, and Council Blff;s, to Linden. From Kansas City, by Barry, Smithville, and Carpenter's Store, to Gralyson. From. Kansas City, by Fremont, to Springfield. From Kansas City to Liberty. From Kansas City, by Little Santa Fe, Aubrey, in Kansas, Cold Water Grove., Rockville, and Trading Post, to Fort Scott. From Kansas City, by Parkville, and Hampton, to Platte City. From Kansas City, by Wyandotte, Parkville, and Hampton, to Platte City. From Kansas City, by Westport, Flarrisonville, Papinsville, and Carthage, to Neosho. From Keytesville to Bee Branch Settlement. From Keytesville, by Bucklin, Sticklersville, Greencastle, and Unionville, to Centerville, in Iowa. From Keytesville, by Westville, Bucklin, and Greencastle, to Unionville. From King City, by Mount Pleasant, Alanthus, and Is-adore, to Platteville, From Kingston, by Mirabile, Elmont, Grindstone Point, Maysville, and Gentryville to Gentry Court-Hlouse. From Kirksville to Coffeeville. From Kirksville, by Green Top, to Lancaster. From Kirksville to Linneus. From Kirksville, to Unionville, by Nineveh, and Shelby's Point. From Knob Lick Station to Saint Mary's Landing. From La Grange to Houston. From La Grange to Monticello. From La Grange to Newark. From La Grange, to Quincy, in Illinois. From Lamar to Nevada. From Lancaster, by Chariton Mills, Hartford, and Saint John, to Princeton. From La Plata to Sticklerville. From Lawson to Kingston. From Leavenworth to Farley. From Lebanon, by- Brush Creek, Forkner's Hill. Saint Luke, and Saint Marlk, to Springfieldl. Fromn Lebanon to [lartwell. From Lebanon to I-Houston. 170 POST-ROAI)S. From Lebanon to Lewisburg. From Lebanon, by Long Lane, Buffalo, Shady Grove, Pasco, and Hickory Barren, to Springfield. From. Lebanon, in Arkansas, by Marshall's Prairie, and Hussaw's Prairie, to Forsyth. From Lebanon to Mountain Grove. From Lebanon to Waynesville. From Lexingtonl, by Anthony Young's, Elijah Gladick's, Fl'reedcom IKiripatrick's Mills, and Knobnoster, to Calhoun. From Lexington, by Camden, to Richmond. From Lexington to Georgetown. From Lexington, by Greenton, Snibar, Clhapel Hill, Lone Jack, and Pleasant Hill, to Harrisonville. From Lexington, by Jasper, and Wagoon Knob, to Rose Hill. From Lexilgton, by KInobnoster, and WV,'all's Store, to Ca.lhoul.From Lexington, by Renwick's Mills, Columbus, Warrensburg, Air, Mloss, and Tabo, to Lexington. From Lexington, by Richmond, Millville, and Tinley's Grove, to Utica,. From Liberty, by Barre, and Platte City, to Weston. From Liberty, by Elayneville, and Mirabile, to Gallatin. From Liberty, by Mount Gilead, Paradise, and Carpenter's Store, to Plattsburg. From Liberty, by Ridgely, Ringgold, and Canmden Point, to Buena Vista. Fromn Liberty, by Smithville, and Carpenter's Store, to Saint. Joseph. From Linden, by Sonora, to Mount Vernon, in Nebraska. From Linn to Cooper Hill. From Linn, by Mount Ariel, to Owen's Mill.. From Linn Creek, by Cane Pump, Black, and Oak Point, to Hermita ge. From Lin Creek to Richland. From Linneus to Kirksville. From Linneus, by Nevada, to Trenton. From Linnens, by Scotsville, to 1Milan. From Lisle, by Westphalia, Mavais, Pay Down, Kinderhook, Lane's Prairie, Spanish Prairie, Maramec, Steelville, Osage, and Harmony, to Caledonia. From Little Prairie to Crane Creek. From Little Piney, by Relfe, and Ellsworth, to Houston. From Little Piney, by Wright and Ketchum's Store, to Dent CourtHouse. From Little Osage, by Metz, Prior's Creek, and Duncan, to Barnesville. From Logan's Creek, by Mammoth Springs, Carter's Mills, and Taylor's Store, to Patterson. From Logan's Creek, by Dr. Reed's, on Current River, Chilton's -Mills, and Mehin's Mills, to Houston. From Louisiana to Frankfort. From Louisiana, by Saverton, to Hannibal. From Lowell to Rockport. From Lowndes to Bloomfield. From Long Lane to Hartville. From McKinney to Alton. From Macon City to Clifton. From Macon City, by Edina, and Memphis, to Farmington, in Iowa. From Macon City, by La Platte, Kirksville, Greentop, Inkerman, Lancaster, and Savannah, to Bloomfield, in Iowla. From Maramec, by Little Prairie, Little Piney, and Pine Bluff, to Waynesville. From Marble Hill to Perryville. From Miarionville, by Berry ville, to Clarlksville, in Arlkansas. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 171 From, Marionville, by Flat Creek, and Ha,zle Barrens, to Huntsville, in Arkalnstas. From Miarionville to Ozark. From Markward to Appleton. From Mlarshall, by Elm Wood, Blanche, and Elk Grove, to Lexington. From Marshall to Glasgow. From Marshall, by Hazle Grove, to Brownsville. From Marshall, by Hazle Grove, Brownsville, and Dunksburg, to Knobnoster. From Marshfield, by Arno, and Gainesville, to Batesville, in ArkanSas. From Marshfield to Dallas. From Marshfield to Hartwell. From M arshfield, by Miteomab, Alma, Mint Spring, and Elk Creek, to Aurora. From Marshfield to Saint Luke. From Marshfield, to Salem, in Arkansas. From Marshfield, by White Oak Spring, Kenton, and Ozark, to Galena. From Maryville, to Bedford, in Iowa. From Maryville, by Clermont, to Bradyville, in Iowa. From Maryville to Rochester. From Mlaysville to Bedford. From Maysville, by Gentryville, to Albany. From Maysville to Rochester. From Medora to Vienna. From Memphis, to Moulton, in Iowa. From Memphis, by Pekin, Dr. P. T. uff's, and Stiles, to Bloomfield, in Iowa. From Memphis, by UniontowInI, to Savannal h in Iowa. F2rom Memphis, to Vernon, in Iowa,. From Memphis, by WilmlatLsville, to Kirksville. From Mercyville, by Tullvania,, and New Boston, to Milan. From Mexico, by Littleby, Lick Creek, and Madisonville, to New London. From Mexico, by Shy Post, Shamrockl, a1(nd Flint Point, to Danville. From Miami to Brunswick. From Mlilan to Owasco. From Milan, by Unionville, to Centerville, in Iowa. From Milan, by West Locust, Lewis' Mill, and Judlge Johnlson's Store, to Princeton. From Milan, by J. N. WiIter's Store, to Middleburg. From'Mill Grove to Modena. From Minerville to Berryville. From Mirabile by Lisbonville, to Lawson. From Missouri City, by Hayneville, to Cameron. From Missouri City, by Liberty, and Plattsburgh, to Stewartsville. From Monroe City to Mexico. From Montauk to Licking. From Montgomnery to Clarksville. From Monticello, by Colony, to Sand Hill. From Monticello, by Edina, Timbered Branch, Kirksville, Nineveh, Milan, and Hailey's Mill, to Trenton. From Monticello to Newark. From Mionticllo, by Tully, to Canton. From Mooresville to Monroe Centre. From Mooresville, by Mionroe, Morris, and Bates, to Norborne. From Morequand, by Patton, and Buhle's, to Appleton. From Morrison's Station to Fredericksburg. From Mounld College to Jalcksonville. From Mount Sterling, by Woollam, Jakes Prairie, Argo, Bourbon, Harrison's Mills, and Fonrche RIenanlt, to Potosi. 172 POST-ROAD)S. From Mount Vernon, to Carthage, by Bower's Mills. From Mount Vernon, by Dunkle's Store, Aslhgrove, and Walnut Grove, to Orleans. From Mount Vernon to Pierce City. F'rom Mount Vernon, by Spring River Academy, Golden Grove, Lamar, Baker's Grove, and Washington Adams, to Fort Scott, in Kansas. From Neosho, to Albuquerque, in New Mexico. From Neosho to Bentonville. From TNosho, to Fountain City, in Kansas. From Neosho, by Gates, Enterprise, Elk Mills, Honey Creek, Maysville, in Arkansas, Double Spring, Baptist Mission, and Sylva, to Boonsboro'. From Neosho, b)y Grand Falls, to Crawford Seminary. From Neosho, by Harman:s Mill, Pineville, andl White Rock Prairie, to Bentonville. From Neosho to Little Verdigris. From Neosho, by Oliver's Prairie, Capp's Creek, and Mount Pleasant, to Mount Vernon. From Neosho, by Oliver's Prairie, and Hazle, Bottom, to Washbourine Prairie. From Neosho to Rutledge. From Neosho, by Seneca, Bryan's Saltworks, Fort Gibson, Perryville, and Fort Wachita, to Sherman, in Texas. From Neosho, by Spartansville, and Gilstrap's Ferry, to the Grand Saline. From Neosho, by Thurman, to Joplin. 5From Nevada City, to Crawford, in Kansas. From Nevada City, to Girard, in Kansas. From Nevada to Lindley. From Nevada to Moundville. From Nevada to Papinsville. 2From Newark to La Belle. From Newark to Locust Hill. From New Haven, }by Boeuf Creek, and Stony Hill, to Drake. From New Hope to Falmouth. From New London, by Madisonville, to Wellsville. From New Madrid, to Hickman, in Kentucky. From New Madrid, to Hickman's Bend, in Arkansas, by Point Pleasant, Solitude, Gayoso, and Cottonwood. From New Madrid, by Mount Pleasant, Weaverville, and Clarkton, to Kennett. From Ninevah, by Hartford, to Centreville, in Iowa. From O'Fallon, by Cottleville, and Dalhoff, to O'Fallon. From O'Fallon, by Cottleville EHamburg, Mechanicsville, and Dalhoff, to O'Fallon. From O'Fallon to Wellsburg. From Ohio City, by Baldwinsville, and Hopewell, to Columbus. From Ohio City, to Cairo, in Illinois. From Oregon, by Forest City, to White Cloud, in Kansas. From Oregon, by Grant, Whig Valley, and Glain's Ranclle, to Maryville. From Osage, by Cherry Valley, Short Bend, Montauk, Devall, and Licking, to Ellsworth. From Osage, by Lost Creek, and Walton's Mill, to Potosi. From Osage City, by Toas, Castle Rock, Westphalia, and Maries, to Vienna. From Osceola, by Chalk Level, Monagan, Papinsville, and Little Osage, to Fort Scott. From Osceola to Ilarrisonville. From Osceola, by H udson, to Butler.'From Osccola, by Humansville, to Bolivar. 1N THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 173 PFrom Osceola, by Jenkin's Bridge, Quincy, and Bledsoe, to Hermitage. Fronm Osceola to Montevallo. From Osceola, to Pleasanton, in Kansas. From Osceola, by Roscoe, Saint Helen, Coplinger's Mills, Fremont, White Hare, Horse Creek, and Coon Creek, to Carthage. From Osceola, by Roscoe, to Schell City. From Osceola to Springfield. From Osceola to Stockton. From Oweinsville, to Mount Carmnel, in Illinois. From Ozark, to Batesville, in Arkansas. From Ozark to Douglas Court-House. From Ozark, by Goff Creek, to Galenia. From Ozark, by Stevens' Mill, to Mount Vernon. From Palinyra, by Brookville, Philadelphia, West Springfield, Novelty, and Wilson, to Kirksville. From Palmyra, by Brookville, Philadelphia, WVest Springfield, Newark, Bee Ridge, Edina, and Sand Hill, to Memphis. From Palmyra, by Houston, and Nulsonville, to Newark.:F'rom Palmyra to Marion City. From Palmyra, by North River, Warren, Oakdale, Shelbyville, Hager's Grove, and Ten Mile, to Bloomington. From Papinsville, by Eton, and White Hare, to Greenfield. From Papinsville, by Litftle Osage, Dry Woodl, and Lamar, to Carthage. From Paris to Florida. From Paris, by (Greenwood, Walkersville, Shelbyville, and Bethel, to Newark. From Paris, by Middle Grove, to Renick. From Paris, by Woodlawn, Woodville, WVilliamsonville, Bloomington, East Fork, and Newburg, to Kirksville. From Parkville, by Barry, Fairmount, Smithville, Carpenter's Store, and Plattsburgh, to Gallatin. From Parkville, by Plattsburgh, Gallatin, Trenton, Milan, and Memphis, to Burlington, in Iowa. From Parlville, to Quindaro, in Kansas. From Parkville, by l-idgeley, and Plattsburgh, to Stewartsville. From Patterson to Doniphan. From Patterson, by McKenzie's Creek, and Monmouth Springs, to Logan's Creek. From Pattonsburg to Albany. From Perryville, by Biehle's Store, and Stamer's Mill, to Greene. From Perryville, by Port Perry, to Chester. From Phelps City, by Rockport, and Quitman, to Maryville. From Pickering to Grant City. From Pierce City, by Sarcoxie, and Avilla, to Bower's Mill. From Pierce City to Washburn. From Pilot Knob, by Charles Carter's, to Doniphan. From Pilot Kniob to Houston. From Pinckney, by Loutre Island, and Big Spring, to l)anville. From Platte City, by Farley, to Leavenworth City, in Kansas. From Platte City to Parkville. From Plattsburg, by Castile, Boyer's Settlement, and Rochester, to Savannah. From Plattsburgh, b)y Platte River, Arnoldsville, Berming, De Kalb, alid Rushville, to Atchinson, in Kansas. From Pleasant Hill, by Aubrey, in Kansas, Paola, and Staunton, to Ottawa. From Pleasant Hill, by Bloomington, to Mound City, in Kansas. From Pleasant Hill to Peculiar. From Pleasant Home to Willmathsville. From Plymouth to Dunkle's Store. From Point Pleasant, by Brown's Ferry, to Gainesville, in Arkansas. 74 POST-PROADS. From Point Pleasant, by Dr. Parker's, in West Prairie, to Walnut Grove. From Pond Creek, by Hall, and Verona, to Copp's Creek. From Poplar Bluff, by Ash 1lill, to Ken nett. From Poplar Bluff, by Cane Creek, to Van Buren. From Poplar Bluff, to Van D)ove's, at Little Black Post-Office. From Port, William, by S. VW. Evan's Store, Grubville, and Rucker's Prairlie, to Rich Woods. From Prairie Du Rocher, in Illinois, to Saint Genevieve. From Prairieville to Clarksville. From Prairieville, by Paynesville, to Clarksville. From Princeton, by Bethany, to Gentry Court-House. From Princeton, by Cainsville, Harrison City, and Coysville, to Albany. From Princeton, by Eaglesville, and Lott's Grove, to Cainsville. From Princeton to Half Rlock. From Princeton, by Middlebury, Trenton, and Grassy Creek, to Chillicothe. From Princeton to Newtown. From Princeton,by Ravenna, Cleopatra, and Warsaw, to Corydon, in Iowa. From Pryor's Store to Gainesville. From Quincy, by Humansville, and S. Mustain and Son's Store, to Fremont. From Quincy to Stockton. From Queen City to Unionville. From Railroad Dlepot, near Jonesborough, in Illinois, to Cape Girardeau. From Richey, by Newtonia, to Huntsville. From Richey to Washburne. From Richfield, by Cameron, Alta Vista, and Pattensburg, to Bethany. From Richland, by Bellefonte, to Saint Annie. From Savannah, by Hale's Point, Littsville, and Reindeer, to Maryville. From Richmond, by Knoxville, and Kingston, to Gallatin. From Richmond, by Millville, to Tinney's Grove. From Richmond, by Union Meetin-g-House, and McClain's Mills, to Marquam's Store. From Ridgely, by Platte City, to WVreston. From Rochester) by Albert G. Atkin's farm, and Douglas, to Yolo. From Rochester, by Douglas, Island Branch, Mount Pleasant, Warest Fork and Middle Fork of Grand River, to Fairview. From Rochester, by Empire Prairie, Douglas, Island City, Mount Pleasant, and Hugginsville, to Smithton. From Rocheport, by Hudson, Johnson City, and C(halk Level, to Osceola. From Rocheport, by Old Franklin, Boonesboro', and Lisbon, to Glasgow. From Rocheport, by Rome, to Sturgeon. From Rockport, to College Springs, in Iowa. From Rockport, to Lewis, inl Iowa. From Rockport, by Rich, to Mount Vernon, in Nebraska. From Rockport to Sturgeon. From lockville, by West Point, Butler, and Johnston, to Clinton. From Rolla to Batesville. Fro-m Rolla, by Campbell's -Mill, Pluml Point, Dodd's, and Rowden Mill, to Rocktown. From Rolla to Dent Court-House. From Rolla to Forsythe. From Rolla to Jeferson. Fronm Rolla, to Rosedale, in Arkansas. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURT. 175 From Rolla, by Wright and Ketchum's Store, and Edgar's Springs, to Licking. Frotym Roscoe, by Stockton, Dadeville, Greenfield, King's Point, Mount Vernon, Marionsville, and Galena, to Berryville, in Arkansas. From Russellsville, by Mount Pleasant, and Blue Springs, to mouth of Big Gravois. From Sabine to Butler. From Saint Aubertson, by Bluffton, and Portland, to Rhineland. From Saint Catherines, by North Salem, and Kiddville, to Unionville. From Saint Clharles, to Alton, in Illinois. From Saint Charles, by Ham burg, Missonriton, Augusta, Feminme Osage, and Marthasville, to Pinckney. From Saint Charles to Mexico. From Saint Charles, by Portage des Sioux, to Alton, in Illinois. From Saint Charles, by Portage des Sioux, to Elsah, in Illinlois. From Saint Charles, by Wellsburg, Flint Hill, Troy, Old Alexandria, Auburn, Prairieville, Bowling Green, Frankfort, andcl New London, to Hainibal. From Saint Genevieve, by Avon, to Kinkead. From Saint Genevieve to Farmington. From Saint Genevieve, by French Village, to Silver Springs. From Saint Genevieve, to Kaskaskia, in Illinois. From Saint Joseph, by Belmont, and Laporte, to Charlestol, in Kansas. From Saint Joseph, by' Elwood, Wathena, Troy, and Bennett's, to Kennekuk, in Kansas. Fromn Saint Joseph, by Elwood, Wathena, Troy, and-i Robinson, to Caponia. From Saint Joseph, by Elwood, Wathena, Highland, Mount Roy, Patdonia, Plymouth, in Kansas, and Middleburg, to Pawnee City, in Nebraska. From Saint Joseph, by Elwood, Belmont, Highland, iT Kansas, and Rulo, Saint Stephen, Nemaha City, Brownsville, Nebraska City, Wyoming, Rock Bluff; Plattsmouth, and Bellview, to Omaha, in Nebraska. From Saint Joseph, by Elwood, and White Cloud, in Kansas, to Saint Stephen, in Nebraska. From Saint Joseph, by Evansville, Maryviille and Victoria, to Gallatin. From Saint Joseph, by Iowa Point, White Cloud, lMount Roy, uand Yamlin, to Central City, in Kansas. Front Saint Joseph, by Rochester, Albany, Eagle, Leon, Osceola, and Indianola, to Des Moines, in Iowa. From Saint Joseph, by Rochester, Empire, Prairie, aid Smithtownll, to Mount Ayr, in Iowa. From Saint Joseph, by Rochester, and Gentryville, to Athlens. From Saint Joseph, by Savannah, Nodaway, Oregon, Jackson Point, Tarkio, Irish Grove, Linden, High Creek, McKissack's Grove, Austin, Glenwood, Sidney, and Dawsonburg, to Council Bluffs, in Iowa. From Saint. Joseph, bySentinel, Rochester, and Gentryville, to Gentry Court-House. From Saint Joseph, by Walnut Hill, and Rockhouse Prairie, to Plattsburg. From Saint Louis, by Cahoka, Centreville Station, Millstadt, and Floraville, to Hecker, in Illinois. From Saint Louis, by Carondelet, Jefferson Barracks, Mattese, Sulphur Springs, Clifton, Hillsboro', Glen Finlas, Old Mines, and Potosi, to Caledonia. From Saint Louis, by Central, Creve Coeur, and Belmont, to Bonholurnme. From Saint Louis, by Clarksville, Cap-au-Gris, La Grange, Louisiana, 17(6 POST-ROAI)S. Canton, Hannibal, Tully, Marion City, Quincy, in Illinois, Alexandria, and Warsaw, to Keokuk, in Iowa. From Saint Louis to Fenton. From Saint Louis, by Laclede, Kirkwood, Merrimnac, Allentown. Franklin Depot, Port William, and South Point, to WTashlington. From the old depot of the North Missouri Railroad Company, in First street, Saint Louis, by the railroad traclk, through blocks two hundred and thirty-four, and two hundred and thirty-three, and along Lewis street, as the railroad has been located by the Government of the United States, thence through block two hundred and twenty-seven to Front or Levee street, and along said track laid on said street to the depots respectively, of the Pacific and Iron Mountain Railroads. From Saint Louis, by Pacific Railroad, to Jefferson City. From Saint Louis, by Sappington, Fenton, and House's Springs, to Hillsboro'. From Saint Louis, by Saint Charles, Augusta, Washington, Pinckney, Hermnann, Portland, Saint Anbert, Jefferson City, Claysville, Marion, Nashville, Rocheportr Boonville, Arrow Rock, Glasgow, Cambridge, Keytesville Landing, Brunswick, De Witt, Miami, Waverley, Dover Landing, Lexington, Wellington, Camden, Sibley, Liberty, Randolph, Kansas City, Parkville, Fort Leavenworth, and Weston, to Saint Joseph. From Saint Louis, by Waltonham, Fee Fee, Bridgeton, Sa.int Charles, Cottleville, Naylor:s Store, Hickory Grove, Warrenton, Cfamp Branch, High Hill, Danville, Williamsburgh, Jones' Tanyard, Fulton, New Bloomfield, and Hibernia, to Jefferson City. From Salem, by Carpenterville, Sammonsville, Harlem's Mills, CrossRoads, and Layo Store, to West Plains..From Salem, by lEminence, to Thomasville. From Sarcoxie to Carthage. From Sarcoxie, by Diamond Grove, to Blytheville. From Sarcoxie, by Mount Pleasant, Valley Prairie, and Gad Fly, to Cassville. From Savannah, by Maryville, Bedllrd, and Afton, to Winterset, in Iowa. FTrom Savannah, by Whiteville, Guilford, and Sweet Home, to Bedford, in Iowa. From Schell City to Stockton. F'rom Scottsville, by Terre Haute, Bausick's Store, and Madisonville, to Corydon, in Iowa. From Sedalia, by Calhoun, Clinton, Osceola, lHumansville, Stockton, Greenfield, Bower's Mills, Sarcoxie, Newtonia, and Granby, to Neosho. From Sedalia, by Osceola, Virgil City, Lamar, Carthage, and Granby, to Neosho. From Seneca to Albuquerque. From Seneca to Baxter. From Sentinel Prairie, by Payne's Prairie, to Bolivar. From Sharpsburg, by Samuel B. Hardy's Store, to Shelbyville. From Shelbina, by Oak Dale, to Miller's Mill. From Shelbyville to Kirksville. From Shelbyville, by Newark, to Edina. From Shelbyville, by John W. Roy's, Lydey's, Dan's, and Dumey's Mills, to Milan. From Short Bend, by Breckinridge's Mill, and Winston, to Eminence. From Silver Spring to Blackwell's Station. From Smithton to Mount Air, in Iowa. From Somerset to Princeton. From Spickardsville, by Buttsville, to Modena. From Springfield, by Bois d' Arc, Ash Grove, and Rock Prairie, to Greenfield. From Springfield, by Curran, Crane Creelk, Cassville, W7ashbourne Prairie, Pea Ridge, Osage Mills, Elm Grove, and Bentonvile, in Arkansas, to Fayetteville. IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI. 177 From Springfield to Fort Scott. From Springfield to Fr6mont. From Springfield, by Henderson, Finley, and Red Bud, to Rockbridge. From Springfield, by London, Joel Hall's, Lawrence's Mills, Herod iolt's, Wall and Bratton's Store, and Saint Leger, to Salem, in Arkansas. From Springfield, by Ozark, Forsyth, and Burrowsville, to Atlanta, in Arkansas. From Springfield, by Pond Creek, Chesapeake, Mount Vernon, Sarcoxie, and Shoal Creek, to Neosho. From Springfield, by Walnut Forest, Dallas, Saint Paul, Hazlewood Waldo, and Pleasant Valley, to Hartville. From Springfield, by White Oak Grove, and Ozark, to Forsyth. From Springfield, by Yocum's Mills, and Galena, to Cape Fear. From Spring Hill, by Crittenden, to Bethany. From Spring Hill to Gallatin. From State Lide, by Jonesville, and Brosley, to Burdett. From Steelville to Centreville. From Stewartsville to King's City. From Sturgeon to Mexico. From Stewartsville, by Rlidgely, to Parksville. From Stoutland, by Hazle Green, Nebo, Pine Creek, and Competition, to Hartville. From Tinney's Grove to Dawn. From Terre Haute, by Ayersville, and Warsaw, to Corydon, in Iowa. From Thomasville, by Mile Creek, to Doniphan. From Thomasville, by Warm Fork, South Fork, in Arkansas, Myatte, Pilot Hill, Union, Cross Plains, and P,enbrook's Mills, to Mount Olive. From Thomasville, by West Plains, and Pottersville, to Rockbridge. From Trenton, by Buttsville, Modena, Conneaut, and Burr Oak, to Nine Eagles. From Trenton, by Edinburg, Grubtown, and Bolton, to Bethany. From Trenton to Gallatin. From Trenton, to Pleasant Plains, in Iowa. From Trenton to'VWintersville. From Troy, by Carson, King's, Brush Creek Settlement, and Middletown, to Mexico. From Troy, by Chantilly, New Salem, Burr Oak Valley, and Dryden, to Troy. From Troy, by Milwoodl, and Louisville, to Ashley. From Tuscumbia, by Erie, Oregon, D)ry Glaze, and Lebanon, to Oakland. From Tuscumbia to Lebanon, by Wet Glaze, and Dry Glaze. From Tuscumbia, by Little Gravois, to Bliss. From Tuscumbia, by Pleasant Mount, and Rocky Mount, to Versailles. From Tuscumbia to Rocky Mount. From Tuscumbia to Waynesville. From Union to Dreetzville. From Union to Lebanon. From Union, by Southworth, Boone, Jake's Prairie, and Miller's, to Little Piney. From Union, by Traveller's Repose, to Virginia Mines. From Unionville, by Greencastle, Strickerville, Pennville, New Boston, and Buckland, to Hannibal and Saint Joseph Railroad. From Van Buren, by Pike Creek, to Thomasville. From Van Buren to Poplar Bluff. From Vera Cruz to West Plain. From Versailles, byv Boyler7s Mill, Duroc, Lessley? Cross Timbers, Black Oak Point, Verbena, and Sentinel Prairie, to Bolivar. From Versailles to California. From Versailles, by Florence, to Georgetown. R S IlI.-12 178- POST-ROADS. From Versailles to mouth of Little Buffalo Creek. From Versailles, by Mining, to Erie. From Versailles, by 5Mount Pleasant, Spring Garden, and Fair Play, to Vienna. From Versailles, by Saint Mark's, and Black Oak Point, to Hermitage. From Versailles, by Tuckerville, to Roney. From Victoria to Rush Tower. From Vienna to Rolla. From Vienna to Tuscumbia. From Warm Fork, by Mammoth Springs, to Smitllville. From Warrensburgh, by Basin Knob, and LIone Jack, to Independence. From Warrensburg to Butler. From Warrensburg, by Chalybeate, and Chilhowee, to Wadesburgh. From Warrensburg, by Columbus, and Mount Hope, to Greentol. From Warrensburg, by Harrisonville, to Minneola,'n Kansas. From Warrensburg to Pleasant Hill. From Warrenton, by Hopewell, -lolstein, and Pinkney, to Warrenton. From Warrenton to Middletown. From Warrenton, by Pinkney, and Holstein, to Hopewell Academy. From Warrenton to Troy. From Warrenton, by Truxton, and Nineveh, to Ashley. From Warsaw, by Duroc, Rainey Creek, and Bolinger's Creek, to Linn Creek. From Warsaw, by Hogle's Creek, to Osceola. From Warsaw, by Rocky Ridge, Quincy, Elkton, Bolivar, Brighton, and Richland, to Springfield. From Warsaw, by Tebo, Calhoun, Clinton, and -Norris-Fork, to Big Creek. From Warsaw, by Turkey Creek, Mount View, Cross Timbers, Urbana, and Round Prairie, to Buffalo. From Washbourne Prairie, by I. Koter's Bridge, Abner Jenning's, on White River, and Lewis Thompson's, on War Eagle, to Huntsville, in Arkansas. From Washbourne Prairie, by Looniesville, Pineville, and Rutledge Court-House, to Maysville, in Arkansas. From Washburn to Rocky Comfort. From Washington, by Newport, and Blish's Mills, to HEermrann. From Washington, by Union, Beaufort, Burbois, Enon, Mount Sterling, Linn, Loose Creek, Lisle, and Taos, to Jefferson City. From Waterloo, by Chambersburg, to Union Corners, in Iowa. From Watson, to Peru, in Nebraska. From Waynesville, by Bellefonte, Oakland, (Cave Springs, Woodbury, Pleasant Prairie, and Walnut Forest, to Springfield. From Waynesville, by Logan, and Sacramento, to Hartville. From Waynesville, by Vienna, Rich Fountain, and Linn, to Wallace's Landing. From Wellsburg, by Chain of Rocks, Bailey's, Chantilly, and Snow Hill, to New Hope. From Wellsburg, by Chain of Rocks, to Ol01 Monroe. From Weston, by ~Camden Point, to Easton. From Weston, by Jatan, to Atkinson, in Kansas. 3From Weston, by New Market, Buena Vista, and Estell's Mills, to Plattsburg. From Weston, to Saint Joseph, by Bloomington. From West Plains, to Breckinridge, in Arkansas. From WTest Plains, by Chapel, and Summersville, to Currant River. From West Plains to Mountain Home. From WVest Plains, by Speer's Mills, to Gainesville. From West Point to Westport. From Westport, by High G-rov-e, to Harrisonville. IN THE STATE OF NEBRASKA. 179 From Westport, by New Santa Fe, Plum Grove, and Mockville, to WVest Point. From WVestport, to Van Buren, in Arkansas. Fronm West Prairie to Clillitecaux. From West Prairie, by Kennett, to Homerville. From Wheeling to Alpha. From Wheelilg to Lindley. From Williamsburg to Portland. From Williamlsburg, by Shamrock, Middletown, Prairie Mound, and Ashley, to Bowling Green. From Willow Springs, by Richville, to Buffalo City. From W'intersouth, by Half Rock, to Middleburg. From Wintersville, by Mierton, Half RockG, and Middlebury, to Spicardsville. IN THE STATE OF NEBRASKA. Nebraska. From Adams Centre, by Gilson, to Red Cloud. 3 Aug., 1854, c. Firom Alma to Norton Centre. 230, v. 10, p. 536. From Alma to Norton entrillo 3 March 1855, c. eFiromt Alma to tRed.illow. 211, v. 10, p. 713. From Alma City, by Richmond, to Beaver City. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Amadi, to Sergeant's Bluff, in Iowa. 168, v. 11, pp. 133, From America City, in Kansas, by Pawnee City, Table Rock, Tecum- 134. seh, Latrobe, Saltillo, Saline City, and Lancaster, to Columbus. 14 June, 1858, c. From Arago, to Craig, in Missouri. 357. From Arago, by Falls City, to White Cloud, in Kansas. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Archer, to Geneva, and Shasta. 162. From Ashland to Columbus. 1862, c., 2 June, 1862, c. From Ashland, by Eagle, to Palmyra. 95, v. 12, pp. 420, 1From Ashland to Lone Valley. 421. From Ashland, by Sod Hill, Rock Creek, Ceresco, Ash Bluff, Lone 5524 Feb., 1663 Valley, Watisca, Urban, Burta. Centre, and Ollie, to Summnit. 30 June, 1864, c. From Ashland, by Wahoo, and Raccoon Fork of Oak Creek, to Ulys. 175, v. 13, p. 321. ses. 14 March, 1866, From Atchison to Marysville. c. 16, v. 14, p. 7. From Bartlett City, in Iowa, to Lincoln City. 26 July, v. 14, p. 287, From Battle Creek, by Clarion, Barry, and Farrall, to Columbus. 288.!From Battle Creek, by Madison, to West Point. 2 March, 1867, c. FIrom Beatrice, by Caroline, and Cub Creek, to Fairbury. 191,v.14, p553. From Bseatrice, by Clatonia, and Randall, to Camden. c. 35, v. 15, p. 50. ]From Beatrice to Jenkin's Mills. 25 July, 1868, c. From Beatrice, by Meridian, to Hebron. 244, v. 15, p. 191. From Beatrice, by Snow City, to Big Sandy. 3 March, 1869, c. From Beatrice, by Swan City, and Camden, to Milford. 10 April9,189, c. From Bellevue, by Fairview, to Platttord. 30, v. 16, p. 49. From Bellevue, to Des Moines, in Iowa. 5 March, 1870, c. From Bellevue, by Hlazleton, Elk Horn, Fremont, Springville, Frank- 22 v. 16, p.73. ~I~~ ~14 July, 1870, c. lin, Emerson, Buchanan, Columbus, Monroe, and Grand Island City, to 273, v. 16, p. 287. New Fort Kearney. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Bellevue, by Junction City, to Council Bluffs, in Iowa. 101, Fvl6, p. 465. From Bellevue to Laramie City. 28, v. 17, 18. From Bellevue, by Omaha City, Fontanelle, and Pawnee, on Loop 16 Jan., 1872, c. Fork, to Fort Laramie. 6, v. 17, pp. 26, 27. From Bellevue, by Saint Mary's, to Pacific City, in Iowa. 14 May, 1872, c. From Bennett, by Laona, to Beatrice. 10 June, 1872, c. From Bennett, by Solon, to Cropsey. 427, v. 17, p. 386. From Benton to Sand Creek. 3 Marclh, 1873, c. FroIn Benton, by Slavonia, Willow Creek, and Newton, to Watisca. 255, v. 17, pp. 593, From Big Sandy to Glengary. 594. From Big Sandy to Rose Creelz. From Blair to Logan. From Blair, by Mora, and Elder Grove, to West Point. 180 POST-ROADS. From Blair to West Point. From Blue Springs, to Atchison, in Kansas. From Bluff City, in Iowa, to Omaha City. From Bluff City, in Iowa, to Winter Quarters. From Brownville, by Falls City, to Highland, in Kansas. From Brownville to New Fort Kearney. From Brownville to Grant. From Brownville, to Linden, in Missouri. From Brownville, by Monterey, Franklin, and Long Branch, to Table Rock. From Brownville, by Nemaha City, Archer, Falls City, Monterey, Salem, Pleasantville, and Pawnee City, to Table Rock. From Brownville, by Nemaha City, Monterey, Scott's, Rodenberg's, and Middleburg, to Sabetha, in Kansas. From Brownville, by lNemaha City, Peru, Winnebago, Saint Stephens, Yancton, and Ruio, to Saint Joseph, in Missouri. From Brownville, to Rockport, in Missouri. From Brownville, by Saint Frederick, Tecumseh, Vesta, and Austin, to Camden. From Brownville to Table Rock. From Browuville, by Tecumseh, and Austin, to Beatrice. From Brownville, by Weddlie's Bridge, Steinman, Moses Milk's, Table Rock, Pawnee City, VTWest Branch, and Mission Creek, to Maryville, in Kansas. From Oalla, by Tipp's Branch, Liberty, and Wild Cat, to Blue Springs. From Camden, by the west branch of Blue River, West's MSills, Beaver Crossing, and McFadden, to Fort Kearney. From Columbus to Camden. From Columbus, by Clear Creek, Osceola, and Lincoln Creek, to York Centre. From Columbus to Crete. From Columbus, by Hammond, to Niobrara. From Columbus, by Lost Creek, William's Ranch, and Newman's Grove, to Oak Dale. From Columbus to Madison. From Columbus, by Monroe, to Genoa. From Columbus to Norfolk. From Columbus, by Pepperville, and Summit, to Ulysses. From Columbus, by Pleasant Run, and Saint Helena, to Yancton, in Dakota. From Cottonwood Springs to McPherson. From Cottonwood'Springs, by Republican Fork, to Fort Riley, in Kansas. From Cottonwood Springs, by Stockville, to Red Willow. From Covington, to Sioux City, in Iowa. From Dakota City, by Ayoway Creek, and Running Water River, to Fort Laramie. From Dakota City to Fort Pierre. From Dakota City, along the Missouri River, to Fort Randall. From Dakota City, by Galena, to Pacific City. From Dakota City, by Ponca, Saint James, Saint John's, Frankllln, Niobrara, and otlher intermediate offices, to Fort Randall, in Dakota. From Dakota City, by Saguachi, Canton, and Yorkl City, to Madison. From Dakota Cit.y to Sergeant's Bluff, in Iowa. From Dakota City, by Sergeant's Bluff, to Des Moines, in Iowa. From Makota City, by WVest Point, to Columbus. From Dakota City, to Yancton, in Dakota. From Decatur, by Ashton, and BelTvidere, to Dennison, in Iowa. From Decatur, by Logan Valley, West Point, Saint (harles, and Jalapa, to Fremont. From De Soto, by Arizona, to Decsatur. IN THE STATE OF NEBIRASKA. 181 From De Soto, to Pyrosa, in Iowa. From De Witt, by Swan City, Swanville, Western, Fairview, Danville, and Atlanta, to Glengary. From Douglass, by Elk Horn City, to Lander. From Edgar to Liberty Farm. From Elkhorn Station, by Forest City, Salt Lake Ferry, and Ashland, to Lancaster. From Elkhorn Station, by Lincoln, to Watertown, in Kansas. From Exeter, by Empire, Glengary, and Jersey City, to Big Sandy. From Fairmount, by Hebron, to Bellville, in Kansas. From Fairmont, by McFadden's, to York. From Fairmount, by Turkey Creek, Eden, and Belle Prairie, to Eli Grove. From Fairmont, by West Blue, McFadden's, York, Farris, Pleasant Home, and Stromsburg, to Osceola. From Falls City, by Arago, to Craig Station, in Missouri. From Falls-City, by Geneva, Rodenberg's, Scott's, and. Long Branch, to Monterey. From Falls City, by Geneva, Scott7s, Table Rock, Pawnee City, and Beatrice, to Patterson's Ranch. From Falls City, to Hiawatha, in Kansas. From Falls City, by Middleburg, and Athens, to Pawnee City. From Falls City, to Sabetha, in Kansas. From Falls City, by Salem, and Pawnee City, to Otoe Agency. From Florence, by Crescent City, Pymosa, Lura, Hamlin's Grove, Bear Grove, Morrisburg, WTiscota, Adel, and Boone, to Des Moines, in Iowa. From Florence, by Dodge City, to Fontenelle. From Florence, by Elk Horn City, Fremont, North Bend, Emerson, Buchanan, Columbus, and Nebraska Centre, to New Fort Kearney. From Florence, by Golden Gate, to Fontenelle. iFrom Fontanelle, by Lewisburgh, to De Witt. From Fontanelle, by De Soto, Calhoun, and Cincinnati, to Magnolia, ill Iowa. From Fort Kearney to Franklin City. From Fort Kearney to Napoleon. From Fort Kearney, by Republican City, and Alma City, to Arrapahoe. From Fort Kearney, to New Scandinavia, in Kansas. From Fort Laramie, by Deer Creek, Platte Bridge, Green River, and Fort Bridger, to Salt Lake City, in Utah. From Fort Randall, by the mouth of Blue Earth River, to the mouth of Littie Medicine Knoll River. From Fremont, by Jalapa, Saint Charles, Greenwood, West Point, and Rock Creek, to South Fork of Elk Horn. From Fremont to Lincoln. From Fremont to Norfolk. From Gilson to Kingston. From Glendale to Louisville. From Glenwood, in Iowa, to Plattsmouth. From Glenwood, in Iowa, by Saint Mary's, to Bellevue City. From Grand Island, by Donnebrog, to Cotesfield. From Grand Island, by Donnebrog, Saint Paul, and Cotesfield, to Springdale. From Grand Island, by Juniata, to Red Cloud. From Grand Island to Lincoln. Fromn Grand Island, by Saint Paul, and the north fork of the Loup River, to Helena, in Montana. From Harvard to Aurora. From Harvard, by Spring Ranch, to Red Cloud. From Hebron to Red Cloud. From Highland, by Falls City, to Nebraska City. From Hooper, by valleys of Logan, and Omaha Creeks, to Cov-ington. 182 POST-ROADS. From Jackson to Taffe. From Jenkins' Mill, to Concordia, in Kansas. From Julesburgh, by Fort Laramie, and Deer Creek, to Virginia City, il Idaho. Froln Juniata, by North Blue, and Wells, to Red Cloud. From Kearney City to New Fort Kearney. From Kearney Station, by Fort Kearney, Republican City, to Truesdale, and H~ays City, in Kansas. From La Porte to Wisner. From Leavenworth City, by Stanley's, Mooney, Grasshopper Falls, Rock Point, and Vermillion, to Dyer's, on the Big Blue. From Lincoln to Beatrice. From Lincoln, by Camden, and Pleasant Hill, to Meridan. From Lincoln to Columbus. From Lincoln, by Milford, to Beaver Creek, and Fort Kearney., From Lincoln, by the Oak Groves, and Seward, to the mouth of Douglas Creek. From Lincoln, by Tecumseh, Pawnee City, and Fries Mills, to Albany. From Lincoln, by Tipton, Oak Creek, and Sand Creek, to. Benton. From Lindon, in Missouri, by John Worland's, and Bennett's Ferry, on the Missouri River, to Nebraska City. From Linwood to Columbus. From Little Sioux, in Iowa, by Arizona, and Tekamah, to West Point. From Lone Tree to Niobrara. From Lone Valley, by Valparaiso, Lone Star, Ulysses, and Cottonwood, to Osceola. From Lowell to Alma City. From Lowell to Melrose. From Lowell, by Riverton, to Ellsworth. From Magnolia, in Iowa, to Black Bird City. From Magnolia, in Iowa, to Florence. From Marshalltown, by Nevada, Boonsborough, Jefferson, Canalton, Denison, and Onawayin, in Iowa, to Decatur. From Meridian, by Jersey City, Walnut Creelk, Ohiowa, Glengary, and Empire, to Fairmnont. From Milford, by West Mills, to Dorchester. From Milford to York.:From Missouri River, between Great and Little Nemaha Rivers, by Archer, and Salem, and to Big Blue River. From Monroe, by Cleveland, Columbus, Buchanan, Emerson, North Bend, Fontanelle, Cuming City, Medail, and Mouth of Soldier River, to Magnolia, in Iowa. From Nebraska City, by Bartlett's Mill, Snyders, McClure's Settlement, and Morton's Ford, to Table Rock. From Nebraska City, by Belleview, and Omaha City, to Fort Calhoun. From Nebraska City, by Elm Creek, Buffalo Creek, mouth of north fork of Platte River, and Lodge Pole Creek, to Boulder City, in Colorado. From Nebraska City to Glen Rock. From Nebraska City, by Hamburg, Clarinda, and Bedford, to Chariton, in Iowa. From Nebraska City, by Helena, Kingston, Beatrice, and Blue Springs, to Marysville, in Kansas. From Nebraska City, by Lincoln, to Camden. From Nebraska City, to Linden, in Missouri. From Nebraska City, by New Fort Kearney, and Ash Hollow, to Fort Laramie. From Nebraska City, by Quincy, Red Oak, and Junction, to Winterset, in Iowa. From Nebraska City, by Rich's Ford, Helena, Bryson, and EHooker, to Beatrice. IN THE STATE OF NEBRASKA. 183 From Nebraslka. City, by Saint Frederick, and McClure's, to Table Rock. From Nebraska City to Salt Creek. From Nebraska City, by Wilson's Creek, to Ashland. From Nemaha City, by Salem, Plymouth, and Powlhatan, to Topeka, in Kansas. From Nemaha, by Sherman, Monterey, Long Branch, and Table Rock, to Lawrence City. From Nernoha Agency in Kansas, by Stephen W. Story's, at Story's Ferry, Brownsville, Nebraska City, Weeping XWater, Thompson's, at Thompson's Ferry, Plattsmouth, Bellevue, Omaha City, Winter Quarters, Florence, Blackbird Hills, and Black Bird City, to the mouth of the Nyervay River. From -Niobrara, to Fort Laramie, in Wyoming. From Niobrara to Fort Randall. From ZNiobrara, by the Ponca Reserve, to Chimney Rock. From Niobrara to Sioux City, in Iowa. From Norfolk, by Battle Creek, Deer Creek, and Dry Creek, to Oakdale. Fronm Norfolk to Dresden. From Norfolk to Fort Laramie, in Wyoming. From Norfolk to Niobrara. From Norfolk, by Plum Grove, Warren, Spring Valley, Ogden, Oakdale, Gillespie, and Antelope, to Frenchtown. From Norfolk, by Santee Agency, Springfield, Dayton, Scotland, Maxwell City, Red Earth, and Skunk Lake, to Dell City, in Dakota. From INorfolk to the northwest corner of township twenty-four, range five west, of the sixth principal meridian, in the State of Nebraska. From North Bend, by Hillsdale, to West Point. From North Bend to Midland. From North Platte, by Stockville, to Hays' City, in Kansas. From Omadi to Elk Horn River. From Omadi to Fort Lookout. From. Omadi, by Logan, Saint John, Addison, Punca, Concord, and Saint James, to Niobrara. From Omaha City, by Bellevue, Plattsmouth, Rock Bluffs, Kenosha, WTyoming, Nebraska City, and Otoe City, to Brownsville. From Omaha City: by Cedar Island, Eight-Mile Grove, Mount Pleasanlt, and Waterville: to Nebraska City. From Omaha City, by De Witt, to West Point.'From Omaha City, by Elkhorn, Fontanelle, and Running Water, by Fort Randall, to Fort Pierre. From Omaha City, by the valley of the Elk Horn, to the Niobrara River. From Omaha City, by Florence, Fort Calhoun, De Soto, Cuming City, Tekama, Black Bird, and Omadi, to Dakota City. From Omaha City, by Fort Kearney, and Fort Laramie, to Great Salt Lake City. From Omaha City, by Hazelton, to Forest City. From Omaha City, to Iowa City, in Iowa. From Omaha City to Kearney City. From Omaha City, by Missouri River, to Saint Joseph, in Missouri. From Omaha City, by Nebraska City, Kearney City, Brownville, and Nehama City, to Whitehead. From Oregon, in Missouri, by Stephens W. Story's, on the Missouri River, between the two Nernohas, Mr. Purket's, on Muddy Creek, John A. Singleton's, on the Great Nernoha, Mr. Robet's, on the Great Nernoha, anlid Marysville, on Blue River, to New Fort Kearney, on Platte River. From Oregon, in Missouri, to Brownville. From Padonia, in Kansas, by FPalls City, and Elmore, to Nemaha City. From Palmyra, by Solon, to Latrobe. ZFrom Papillion, by Forest City, to Ashlandcl. From Pawnee City, by Friece's Mills, to Seneca, in Kansas. 184 POST-ROADS. From Pawnee City, by A.. R. Hunt's Tecumseh, Kingston, and Three Forks of Great Nemaha, to Olatha, on Salt Creek. From Pawnee City, by Steinman, Stewart's, and lMudldy, to Beatrice. From Peru, by Brownsville, Nemaha City, and Falls City, to Atchison. From Pioneer to Elkton. From Plattsmouth, by Cedar Creek, South Bend, and Parallel City, to Long Island. From Plattsmouth to Columbus. From Plattsmouth, by Eight Mile Grove, to Weeping Water. From Plattsmouth to Fort Kearney, on south side of Platte River. From Plattsmouth, by Glendale, Fountain Station, Salt Creek, Lake Station, Burnhill's, McCabe Station, McFarland's, O'Donnell's, Brackett's, Big Martin's, Bissell, Mabine, and Junction City, to Fort Kearney. From Plattsmouth, by Glendale, South Bend, Ashland, Salt Creek, Rock Creek, Lancaster, Saline City, Saltillo, Centreville, Olive Branch, and Clatona, to Beatrice. From Plattsmouth, by Kenosha, and Wyoming, to Kearney City. From Plattsmouth, to Pacific City, in Iowa. From Plattsmouth, by Plattford, and Forks of Salt Creekl;, to Camden. From Plattsmouth, by Rock Bluffs, and Kenosha, to Sidney, in Iowa. From Papillion, by Plattford, South Bend, and E. Ball's, on Stephenson Creek, to Lincoln. From Plattsmouth, by Weeping Water, Stoor Creek, Shirley Station, Lancaster, Saline City, and Middle Creek, to Blue River. From Pleasant Hill, by Tabor, Lucieville, Saxon, Empire, Henry, Eden, Bryant, and Elkton, to Red Cloud. From Plum Creek, by Arrapahoe, and mouth of Frenchman's Fork, to Julesburg, in Colorado. From Ponca, by Daily Branch, and Morton's Place, to Saint James. From Ponca to Fremont. From Ponca, by Iona, to Vermillion, in Da'kota. From Ponlca, to Texas, in Dakota. From Red Cloud, to Denver, in Colorado. From Red Cloud, to Fort Hays, in Kansas. From Red Cloud, by Wells, North Blue, Gilson, Hastings, Martinsville, and Junctionville, to Grand Island. From Riceville to Blue Island. From Rose Creek to Dryden. From Saint James to Lincoln. From Saint John's, in Iowa, by De Soto, and Fontanelle, to Buchanan. From Saint Mary's, in Iowa, to Plattsmouth. From Saint Stephens to Archer. From Saltillo, by Centreville, Olive Branch, and Baden, to De Witt. From Santee Agency, to Springfield, in Dakota. From Sergeant Bluffs, in Iowa, to Black Bird City. From Sergeant Bluffs to Florence. From Schuyler, by Morian, and Abington, to Midland. From Seward, by Adel, to Thayer. From Seward, by Westfield, to York. From Sidney, in Iowa, to Nebraska City. From Sidney, in Iowa, to J. D. N. Thompson's, at Thompson's Ferry. From Susan City, by Riceville, to Wells' Mills. From Sutton, by Spring Ranch, to Meridian. From Swan City, by Monroe, to West's Mills. From Syracuse, by Burr Oak, Hendricks, and Latrobe, to Laoni. From Table Rock, by Pne ity, by Pawnee itCall, West Branch, and ission Creek, to (Otoe Agency. From Tecumselh, by Helena, to Lincoln City. From Tonora, in Missouri, to Brownville. IN THE STATE1 OF NEVADA. 185 From Tonora, in Missouri, to Nebraska City. Froml Ulysses, by Cottonwood, to Osceola. From Ulysses to Schuyleq. From Weeping Water, by Stone Creek, and Shirley's Station, to Lincoln City. From West Point to Brickan. From West Point to Dakota City. From White Cloudl, by Falls City, and Table Rock, to Beatrice, From West Point to Norfolk. From Westfield to Orton. From West Point to Ponca. From West Point to Rock Creek. From Wisner, by Fairfield, and Santee City, to Niobrara. From Wyoming to Salt Creek. From Wyoming, to Sidney, in Iowa. From York to Amity. IN THE STATE OF NEVADA. Nevadat From Argenta to Austin. 2 June, 1862, c. From Aurora, by Columbus, to Silver Pecak. 95, v. 12, p. 421. From Aurora, to Keyesville, in California. 24 Feb.183, c. 55. v. 12, p. 664. From Aurora, by Masson's Ranch, and Fort Churchill, to lower cross- 30 June, 1864, c. ing of Truckee River. 175, v. 13, p. 322. From Austin to Cortez. 3 March, 1865, c. From Austin to Hamilton. 104, v. 13, p. 522..14 Mar., 1866, c. From Austin, by Hamilton, and Treasure City, to Shermantown. 16, v. 14, p. 7. From Austin, by Kingston, Twin River, and San Antonlio District, to I18 July, 1866, c. Silver Peak. 202, v. 14, p. 190. From Austin to Lida. 26 July, 1866, c. 267, v. 14, p. 287.:From Austin, by Paragonah, and Callville, to Fort Mojave. 2 March, 1867, c. From Austin to Unionville. 191, v. 14, p. 553. From Austin to White Pine District. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Battle Mountain Station, by Battle Mountain, to Galena. 35, v. 15, p. 51. From Battle Mountain, by Tuecarora, to White Reck City. 244, v. 15, p. 191. From Belmont, by Hot Creek, Silver Springs, and Tesoro, to Hamil- 3 March, 1869, c. ton. 131, v. 15, p. 331. From Belmont to Montezuma. 10 April, 1869, c. 30, v. 16, p. 49. From Belmont, by San Antonio, Silver Peak, Palmetto, and Fish 5 March, 1870, c. Lake, to Aurora. 22, v. 16, p. 73. From Carlin, by Mineral Hill, and Enreka, to Hamilton. 14 July, 1870, c. From Carson City to Aurora. -28 Fb, p87. From Carson, by Ophir, Washoe City, and Steamboat Springs,.to 101, v.16, p. 465. uffiaker's Ranch. /;20 April, 1871, c. From Carson City to Virginia City. 28, -. 17, p. 18. From Chico, in California, by Susauville, to Humboldt City. 154, May 187, c. From Columbus to Alida. 10 June, 1872, c. From Columbus to Troy. 427, v. 17, p. 386. From Cortez to Gravelly Ford. 3 March, 1873, c. From Dayton, by Hot Springs, to Pine Grove. 255, v. 17, p. 595. From Dayton to Humboldt. From Elko to Bullion City Railroad Mining District. From Elko, by Hamilton, and Tesoro, to Sherman. From Elko, by Mountain City, and Silver City, to Boise City. From Elko, by Tuscarora, and B01l Run District, to Mountain City. From Hamilton to Egan Ca-ion. From 1Hamilton. by Hako, to Callville. From Hamilton to Montezuma. From Hamilton to Mount Ophir. From IHIamilton, to Maount Ophir, by Sherna,llntown From Hamliltou, by Reveille, to Callville. From Hamilton, by Grant City, to Troy. 186 POST-ROADS. From Humboldt Wells, byv Puby Valley, to Hamilton. From Ione, by way of Cation City, to Austin. From Ione, by Ophir Caflon, Boiling Springs, and San Antonio, to Crystal Springs. From Montezuma, by Alida, to Gold Mountain. From Palisade, by Mineral Hill, Secret Cafion, Hamilton, and Treasure City, to Shermantown. From Palmetto, intersecting the Aurora and Silver Peak route, in Fish Lake Valley. From Pine Grove to Rockland. From the mail-station, on the overland mail-route in Ruby Valley, to Camp Halleclk. From Tecoma to Buel. From Touno to Saint Joseph. From Touno, by Schellburne, Piermont, Sacramento District, Patterson District, and Silver Park, to Pioche City. From Twin River, by Silver Peak, to Palmetto. From Unionville, by Mill City, to Dun Glen. FroIn Unionville, by Star City, Dun Glen, Moore's and White's Ranch, Pi-Ute Knob, the Owyhee and Jordan's Creek mines, Boise City, Idaho City, Centreville, and Placerville, in Idaho, to Virginia City, in Montana. From Virginia City to American City. From Virginia City, by Unionville, and Star City, to Humboldt. From Virginia City, by Oreana, Unionville, Star City, and Dun Glen, to Bnoise City, in Idaho. From Virginia City, by Sacramento District, Unionville, Star, Dun Glen, and Paradise Valley, to Boise City, in Idaho. From Wadsworth to Ellsworth. From Wadsworth, by Fort Churchill, to Pine Grove. From Wradsworth to Greenfield. From Wadsworth, by Saint Clavis Station, Stillwater, West Gate, Ellsworth, and San Antonio, to Belmont. From Wadsworth, by Stillwater, to' Ellsworth. From Wadsworth, by Walker River, Metallic District, Roads, Salt Marsh, Colnmbus, Silver Peak, Palmetto, and Fish Lake Valley, to Fort Independence. From Wellington's, by Pine Grove, and Washington, to Aurora. From Wellington Station, by Mammoth, and Tone, to Austin. From Wells Station, by Clover Valley, Spruce Mountain, Schellburne, Rubv Hill, Piermont, and Silver Park, to Pioche. From West Gate to lone. From Winnemucca to Camp Winfield Scott. From Winnemucca to Paradise Valley. New Hampshire. IN THE STATE OF NEW H1AMPSHIRE. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Amherst, by Milford, East Wilton, Wilton, Mason, and Mason 230, v. 10, pp. 353- Village, to New Ipswich. 356. 3 March, 1855, c. From Barrington, by Centre Strafford, and Centre Barnstead, to 211, v. 10, p. 704. Barnstead. 14 June, 1858, c. IFrom Bath to Dansville. 162, v.11, p. 355. From Bennington to Peterborough. 27 Feb., 186l, c. 57, v. 12, p. 162. From Berlin Falls, by Berlin, to Milan. 2 June, 1862, c. From Boscawen to WTebster. 95, v. 12, p. 417. From Bradford, by Newbury, and Newport, to Claremont. 14 July, 1862, c. From Bristol, by Bridgewater, and Hebron, to Groton. 171, v. 12, p. 574. 3 March, 1865, c. From Bristol, by Bridgewater. and West Plymouth, to Rumney. 104, v. 13, p. 525. From Brookline, to Railroad Depot, at Pepperell. 25 Julvy, 1868, C. PiFrcnm Canaan in -Vermont, to Connecticutt Lakle. 244X,.1, P.191., c From COanterblury Dllepot, by Canterbury, to Shaker Village. 131, v. 15, p.331. From Centre Ossipee to Freedom. Fromn Centre Ossipee to Moumltonville. IN THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIR,E. 187 From Charlestown, by Acworth, to Lempster. 14 July, 1870, c. From Chathlam, to Stowe, in iMaine. 273, v. 16, p. 287. From Chester, by Derry, to Lawrence, in Massachusetts. 14 May, 1817, p.111 From Claremont, by Cornish Flats, Meriden, and East Plainfield, to o10 June, 1872, c. Lebanon. 427, v. 17, p. 385. From Concord, by Canterbury, S~anbornton Bridge, Sanbornton, East 3 March, 1873, c. Sanboruton, North Sanbornton, Guilford, Lake Village, New Hampton, 255, v. 17, 594. Weir's Bridge, Meredith Village, Holderness, Plymouth, hWest Plymouth, Rumney, West Rumney, and Wentworth, to Warren. From Concord, by Chichester, Epsom, West Northwood, East Northwood, and Nottingham Turnpike, to IDurham. From Concord, by Chichester, North Chester, Pittsfield, Barnstead, Straforcl, and Barrington, to Dover. From Co ncord, by Fisherville, Boscawen, Salisbury, Franklin, East Andover, Andover, ver est Andover, DanburyT, Grafton, Grafton Centre, East Canaan, Canaan, Enfield, West Canaan, North Entield, East Lebanon, Lebanon, West Lebanon, to White River Junction, in Vermont, with a branch from Franklin, by 1Hill, to Bristol. From Concord, by Hookset, Amoskeag, Manchester, Reed's Ferry, Thornton's Ferry, lNashua, Tyngsborough, in Massachusetts, North Chelmsfordl, and Middlesex Village, to Lowell. From Concord, by Loudon, Loudon Bridge, and Gilmanton, to Gilmanton Iron Works. From Concord, by Loudon, Loudon Centre, Lower Gilmanton, and Gilmanton Iron Works, to Alton. From Concord, by North Dunbarton, to Dunbarton. From Concord, by Pembroke, Allenstown, South Deerfield, Candia, Raaymond, Epping, Stratham, and Greenland, to Portsmouth. From Concord, by West Concord, Hlopkinton, Contoocook Village, Warner, Bradford, Newbury, and Newport, to Claremont. From Concordl, by West Concord, Mast Yard, Hopkinton, Contoocook Village, and Warner, to Bradford. From Contoocook Village, by Henniker, to Hillsboro Bridge. From Conway, by North Conway, Lower Bartlett, Barrlett, Hart's Location, Crawford House, White Mountain, and Bethlehem, to Little-. ton. From Dover, by Gonic, Rochester, Farmington, New Durham, Downing's Mills, and Alton, to Alton Bay. From Dover, by North Barrington, k[traffordc Corners, and. North Strafford, to North Barustead. From Dover, by Rochester, Union Village, and Ossipee, to Conlway. From Dublin, by Harrisville, and Nelsoli, to Munsonville. From East Wilton, by Peterborough, Dublin, and Marlborough, to Keene.'From East Wilton, by South Lyndeborough, Greenfield, Hancock, South Stoddard, Stoddard, MaIlow, alnd New Alstead, to Paper Mill Village. From Epping, by Nottingham, Northwood, and Epsom, to Pittsfield. From Errol to Letter B. From Exeter, by Brentwood, Poplin, and South Raymond, to Raymond. From Exeter, by Kingston, Danville, Chester, and Auburn, to Manchester. From Farmington; by Middleton, South Wolf borough, Wolfborough, Mackerel Corner, Tuftonborough, Melvin Village, East Moultonborougih, 5Moultonborough, and Sandwich, to Centre Sandwich. From Franklin, by Hill, to Bristol. From Gilmanton, by Gilmanton Iron Works, and South Alton, to Farini gton. From Gilmanton, by Lower Gilmanton, London PRidgle, and Loudon COentre, to Pittsfield. From Gilmanton to Pittsfield. 188 POST-ROADS. From Great Falls, by Rochester, and South Mlilton, to Milton. From Gonic to Centre Strafford. From Greenfield, by Bennington, to Antrim. From Harrisville, by Pottersville, to Keene. From Haverhill, by laverhill Centre, to Bentonl. From Hillsborough Bridge, by Antrimn, to Bennington. From ilillsborough Bridge, by Hillsboro', North Branchl, South Stoddard, Munsonville, and East Sullivan, to Keene. From Hollis to the Railroad Depot. From Horne's Miills, in Wakefield, to'Milton tMills, in Milton. From Jaiff'ery, by East Jaffery, and Rindclge, to Winchendon. From Keene, by Chesterfield Factory, and Chesterfield, to Battleborough. From Keene, by Sullivan, and Gilsum, to Marlow. From Keene, by Swan zey, to Richmond. From Kingston, by Danville, and Sandown, to East Chester. From Lake Village, by West Alton, to Alton Bay. From Lancaster, by Jefferson 3Mills, Jefferson, Kilkenny, Randolph, Gorham, Shelburne, Gilead, and West Bethel, to Bethel. From Lower Bartlett, by Jackson, and Pinkham's Grant, to Gorham. From Lisbon to Grafton. From Lisbon, by Sugar Hill, to Franconia. From Littleton, by Whitefield, to Lancaster. From Lyman, by North Lyman, to Lower Waterford. From BManchester, by Auburn, Calldia, South Deerfield, Deerfield, Nottingham, Lee, and Wadley's Falls, to New Market. From Manchester, by Auburn, Chester, Hampstead, and Atkinson, to Haverhill, in 3]Massachusetts. From Manchester, by Bedford, Amherst, Milford, East Wilton, and Mason, to New Ipswich. From Marlow, by East Lempster, to Lempster. From Marlborough to Unionville. From Mason Viliage, by New Ipswich, and Temple, to Petersborough. From Meredith Village, by Centre Harbor, Moultonborough, Sandwich Centre, Sandwich, and North Sandwich, to Tamworth. From Meredith Village, by Centre tHarbor, Moultonborouglh, Sandwich, South T amworth, Tamworth, Tamworth Iron Works, Eaton, Conway, and Centre Conway, to Fryeburgh, in Maine. From Nashua, by South Merrimack, Amherst, Mount Vernon, Francistown, Hillsborough, Washington, East Lempster, and Unity, to Claremont. From Nashua, by South MIerrimack, Amherst, New Boston, and South Weare, to Weare. From Nashua, by South Merrimack, and Milford, to East Wilton. From Newport, by Croydon Flats, Croydon, and West Enfield, to Lebanon. From Newport, by Mill Village, and Lempster, to Washington. Irom North Charleston to Unity. From North Sandwvich, by South Tamworth, to WVest Ossipee. From Northumberland, by Stark, Drummler, Milan, Berlin, and Berlin Falls, to Gorham. From Northumberland, by Stratford, IPower Columbia, Columbia, Colebrook, and WTest Stewartstown, to Canaan. From North Weare, by Henniker, and West Henniker, to iHillsborough Bridge. From Oil Mill Village, by East WVeare, Weare, Deering, Hillsborough Bridge, and flillsborough Centre, to East Washington. From Ossipee, by Ossipee Centre, and West Ossipee, to Tamworth. From Paper Mill Village, by South Acworth, Lempster, aid Ea.st Unity, to Newpolrt. From Pittsfielld, by Barnstead, andl Lower Gilmanton, to Gilmanton. IN THE STATE OF N4 EW JERSEY. 189 From Pittsfield, by Barnstead, Barnstead Centre, North Barnstead, and South Alton, to Downing's Mills. From Plaistow, by Hampstead, and Danville, to Sandown. From Plymouth, by Campton, Campton Village, Thornton, West Thornton, Woodstock, Lincoln, Flume, Lafayette, and Franconia, to Littleton. From Plymouth to West Compton. From Portsmouth, to Kittery, in Maine, From Portsmouth, by Rye, to Rye Beach. From the Railroad Depot at Potter Place, by Wilmot Flats, New London, George's Mills, and Wendell, to Newport. From Ringe to East Ringe. From Rochester, to Alfredl, in Maine. From Rochester, by Strafiord Corner, Blue Hills, and Clark's Corner, to Centre Barnstead. From Rumney to North Groton. From Salisbury to West Salisbury. From Sanbornton Bridge to Franklin. From South Milton, by Milton, Union, Walefield, North Waakefield, Ossipee, Centre Ossipee, West Ossipee, and Eaton, to Conway. From Springfield, by North Springfield, to Gassett's Station. From Station House at Berlin Falls, by Berlin, Milan, Dummer, and Cambridge, to Errol. From Strafford Corner to Northwood. From Sunapee to George's Mills. From Thetford and Lyme Depot, in East Thetford, to Lyme Centre. From Union, by Brookfield, North Wolfborough, and Water-Village, to Tuftonborough. From Union Bridge Depot, by East Sanboruton, and Upper Gilmanton, to Gilmanton. From Union, by Wakefield, North W7akefield, Wolf borough, Ossipee, Ossipee Centre, and Effingham Falls, to Freedom. From Wakefield, by East WaViefield, and Gliddon Corner, to Effingham. From Warren, by East Haverhill, to Haverhill. From Weir's Bridge, "by Centre Harbor, to Wolfborough. From West Ossipee to Centre Sandwich. From Wells River, in Vermont, by Bath, Lisbon, Littleton, North Littleton, and Dalton, to Lancaster. From Wells River, by Woodville, Bath, and Lisbon, to Littleton. From West Andover, by Wiluot, West Springfield, and Grantham, to Croydon. From West Rumney, by a corner of Groton, Cheever's Corner in Dorchester, and the River Road, to East Canaan. From West Rumney, by the Southeasterly part of Wentworth, North Dorchester, and Dorchester Centre, to East Canaan. From Whitefield to Carroll. From Winchester, by Richmond, to Fitzwilliam. From Windham, by Fessenden Mills, Pelham, and Dracut, in M3assachusetts, to Lowell. IN THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY. New Jersev. From Andover to Gratitude, 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Andover, by Lincoln, and Tranquility, to Hunt's Mills. 230, v. 10, pp. 383From Asbury to Bethlehem. 387. 3 March, 1855, c. From Barnsboro', by Hardingville, Elmer, and Centreton, to Bridge- 211, v. 10, p. 70.5' toln. 27 Feb., lt61, c. From Belvidere, by Ramsayburg, Polkville, Blairstown, and Still- 57,v.l12,p. 162. water, to Middleville. J, 1. From Berkshire Valley to Milton. 30 Jv. e, 1p., 4. From Booun ton to Montville. 175, v. 13, p. 819. 190 POST- rOADS. 26 July, 1866, c. From Bordentown, by Crosswicks, to Allentown. 267,14, p. 287. From Bordentown, by Mansfield Square, Georgetown, Sykesville,.30 March, 1868, C. a It o s. 35, v. 15, p. 51. Wrightstown, and Paintville, to Brown's Mill. 25 July, 1868, c. From Bordentown, by Recklesstown, Jacobstown, New Egypt, and 244, v. 15, p. 191. Manchester, to Tom's River. 13 March, 1869, c. From Bordentown, by Shelltown, Walnford, and Fillmore, to Imlays14 July, 1870, c. town. 273, v. 16, p. 287. From Bordentown to Trenton. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Branchville, by Coursenville, Deckertown, and Beemerville, to 101, v. 16, p. 465. Branchville. 14 May, 187'2, c. 159, v. 17, pp. 110, From Bricksburgh to Point Pleasant. 111. From Bridgeton, by Fairton, Cedarville, and Newport, to Dividing 10 June, 1872, c. Creek. 427i V. 1, P. 385. From Bridgeton, by Millville, Leesburg, Ewing's Neck, East Creek, 3,5,.7, 17 94.' Dennisville, Goshen, Cape May. Fishing Creek, and Cold Spring, to 255, v. 17, p. 594. C. Cape I p Cape Island. From Burlington, by Columbus, to Georgetown. From Burlington, by Jacksonville, Jobstown, and Juliustown, to Wrightstown. From Burlington to Mount Holly. From Burriten, by Stonev Brook, to Bloomingdale.:From Caldwell to Centreville. From Caldwell, by Fairfield, to Pine Brook. From Camden, by Absecom, to Atlantic City. From Canton to Hancock's Bridge. From Clinton to Frenchtown. From Closter to Alpine. From Columbia, by Brotzmanville, Calno, and Millbrook~ to Flatbrookville. From Cranberry, by South Brunswick, to New Brunswick. From Dover, by Berkshire Valley, Hurdtown, and Sparta, to Newton. From Dover to Mine Hill. From Dover, by Stanhope, Waterloo, Allamtnuchy, Johnsonburg, Marksboro', Paulina, Blairstown, WValnut Valley, Hainesburg, Columbia, Slateford, in Pennsylvania, and Dutotsburg, to Stroudsburg. From Dover, by Suckasunny, Drakesville, St:anhope, Lockwood, Andover, Newton, Lafayette, Augusta, Branchville, Tuttle's Corner, Hainesville, and Montague, to Milford, in Pennsylvania. From Deckertown, and Mount Salem, to Minisinlk, in New York. From Denville to Boonton. From Eatontown, by Shark River, and New Bedford, to Squaw Village. From Egg Harbor City, by Green Bank, Lower Bank, and Wading River, to Tuckerton. From Elizabethtown, by Cranesville, Westfield, Scotch Plains, Plainfield, New Market, Bound Brook, Somerville, and North Branch, to White-House. From Englishtown to Freehold. From Elizabeth to Lyon's Farm. From Elizabethtown, by Union, Springfield, New Providence, Passaic Valley, and Long Hill. to Baskenridge. Frorn Ellwood to Batsto. From Flanders, Iby -Naughrightville, to German Valley. FrQm Flemington, by Croton, to Baptistown. From Flemington, by Stanton, Lebanon, Cokesburg, and Neighborsville, to German Valley. From Freehold, by Coit's Neck, Tinton Falls, and Eatontown, to Long Branch. From Freehold, by Perrineville, Clarksburg, and Irmlalystown, to Allentowlln. From Freehold, by Turkey, and Bergen Iron Worlks, to Tom's River. From Freehold, by Turkey, Farluingdale, Lower Squanlkum, Howel's IN THE STATE. OF NEW JERSEY. 191 Works, Point Pleasant, Metedeconck, Tom's River, Potter's Creek, Cedar Creek, Forked River, Wiretow n, Barnegat, Manahawkin, and West Creek, to Tuckerton. From German Valley, by Middle Valley and Lower Valley, to High Bridge. From Hackensack to New Prospect. From Hackensack, by SpringValley, to Paskack. From Hackettstown, to Beatyestown. From Hackettstown, by Drakestown, Flanders, and Suckasunny, to Dover. From Hackettstown to Hope. From Hackettstown, by Vienna, Danville, Townsbury, and Bridgeville, to Belvidere. From Hamburg, by Beaver Run, to Papakating. From Hamburg to Franklin Furnace. From Hamburg, by Harmony Vale, to Monroe. From Hope to Columbia. From Key Port, by Holmdell, Colt's!Neck, and Farmingdale, to Lower Squankum. From Key Port, by ~Middletown, Red Bank, Shrewsbury, Eatontown, and Ocean Port, to Long Branch. From Lafayette, by Monroe, Hamburg, Vernon, and Nelw Miford, in New York, to Warwick. From Lafayette, by Paipakating, to Deckertown. From Lafayette, by Sparta, Franklin Furnace, Hamburg, and Monroe, to Lafayette. From Lambertsville, by Prallsville, Sergeantsville, Kingwood, and Baptist Town, to Frenchtown. From Lambertsville, by TRingoes, Flemington, Wertsville, Copper Hill, Klinesville, Cherryville, Quakertown, Pittstown, Sidney, Clinton, and Clarksville, to New Hampton. From Lawrenceville to Dutch Neck. From L-awrenceville to Princeton. From Layton to Dingman's Ferry. From Long-a-Coming, by Waterford Works, Batsto, Gloucester, Furnace, and Port Republic, to Leed's Point. From Manahawken, by Barnegat, Cedar Bridge, Red Oak Grove, Brown's Mills, New Lisbon, and Pemberton, to Mount Holly. From Medford, by Shomong, Atsion, Sooy's inn, and Bass River Ho. tel, to Tuckerton. From Milford to Little York. From Millstone, by Flagtown, Beekman's Mills, Clover Hill, and Readville, to Flemington. From Milton to Oak Ridge Station. From Morristown, by Denville, and Rockaway, to Dover. From Morristown, by Hanover, and Hanover Neck, to Livingston. From Morristown, by Mendham, Chester, German Valley, Schooley's Mountain, Pleasant Grove, Anderson, Washington, Broadway, New Village, and Stewartsville, to Easton, in Pennsylvania. From Morristown, by New Vernon, Basking Ridge, Millington, Libcrty Corner, Martinsville, Somerville, and Weston, to M}illstone. From Morristown to Walnut Grove. From Mount Holly, by Lumberton, to Medford. From Mount Holly to Pemberton. From Neshanic, by Allendale, and Rock Mills, to BlaNwenburg. From Newark, by Bloomfield, West Bloomfield, Caldwell, and Pine Brook, to- Parsippany. From Newton, by Fredon, Gratitude, Johnsonburg, Hope, Sarepta, Belvidere, Rocksburg, Harmony, and Phillipslburg, to Easton, in Pennsylvania. From Newton, by Tranquility, and Huntsville, to Allamutchy. FIrom New Brunswickl by Kingston, Princeton, Fort Mercer, Trenton, 192 POST-ROADS. Morrisville, in Pennsylvania, Tullytown, Bristol, Bridgeville, Andalusia, and -Holmsburg, to Philadelphia. From New Brunswick, by Middlebush, to Millstone. Flrom New Brunswick to Somerville. From New Egypt to Arneytown. From New Egypt, by Horner's Town, Pine Plains, Downsville, Francis' Mills, and Jackson's Mills, to Freehold. From New Foundland, by West Milford, to Ringwood Furnace. From New Germantown, by Pottersville, to German Valley. From New Hampton, by WVashington, Oxford Furnace, and Bridgeville, to Belvidere. From New Brunswick, by South River, Spottswood, and Old Bridge, tnd Cheesequakes, to Middletown Point. From New Brunswick, by Six Mile Run, Griggstown, Rocky Hill, Blawenburg, Hopewell, and Woodsville, to Lambertville. From New York, by Aquackanock, to Paterson. From New York, by Elizabethport, Elizabethtown, Craneville, Westfield, Scotch Plains, Plainfield, New Market, Bound Brook.l Somerville, Raritan, North Branch, White House, Lebanon, Clinton, Perryville, Clarksville, New Hampton, Asbury, Bethlehem, Bloomsbury, Still Valley, and Philipsburg, to Easton, in Pennsylvania. FrQm New York, by Hoboken, New Durham, and English Neighborhood, to Hackensack. From New York, by Jersey City, Newark, Elizabethtown, Rahway, Metuchen, and New Brunswick, to the intersection of this road with the Philadelphia railroad. From New York, by Key Port, Middletown Point, and Marlborough, to Freehold. From New York, by Newark, Orange, South Orange, Millburn, Springfield, Summit, Chatham, Madison, Morristown, Denville, Rockaway, and Dover, to Hackettstown. From New York, by the Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad, to Long Branch. From Parsippany Station to Troy. From Paterson, by Pompton, Bloomingdale, Newfoundland, Stockholm, Hamburg, Deckertown, and Libertyville, to Port Jervis, in New York. From Paterson, by Pompton, Newfoundland, Stockholm, Hamburg, Deckertown, Libertyville, and Montague, to Milford, in Pennsylvrania. From Plainfield, by Warrenville, and Millington, to Basking lRidge. _From Pemberton, by Juliustown, to Jobstown. From Pemberton, by Mount Holly, and Burlington, to Philadelphia. From Penn's Grove to Woodstown. From Perth Amboy to New York. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Chew's Landing, Blackwoodtown, Cross Keys, Tuckahoe, Dennisville, Goshen, Dias Creek, Green Creek, Fishing Creek, and Coldspring, to Cape Island. Froin Philadelphia, by Camden, Ellisburg, and Fellowship, to MountLaurel. Frotm Philadelphia, by Camden, Haddonfield, Glen Dale, Long-aVComing, Winslow, Weynlouth, May's Lancding, ~Bargaintown, SomIers Point, andl Smitllh's Landing, to Absecom. Fron Philadelphia, by Camden, Marlton, Medford, and Vincentown, to Pemberton. Froml Philadelphia, by Camden, Marlton, Medford, Sooy's Inn, and Bass 1iiver Hotel, to Tuckerton. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Moorestown, and RIancocas, to Mount Holly. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Palryra, Burlington, and Bordentown, to Trenton. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Palmyra, Beverly, Burliugton, IN THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY. 193 Bordentown, Yardville, Windsor, Hightstown, Spottswood, Old Bridge, South ALmboy, and Perth Amboy, to New York. Frtom Philadelphia, by Camden, Gloucester City, ~Westville, Woodbury, Clarksboro, Sweedsboro, Sculltown, Sharpstown, and Woodstown, to Saleem. Fromn Philadelphia, by Camden, W7oodbury, Carpenter's Landing, Barnsbeoro, MAnllica Hill, Pineville, Pitt's Grove, and Deerfield Street, to Bridgeton. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Woodbury, Carpenter's Landing, Glassboro, Sisterville, Franklinville, Malaga;, Millville, Port Elizabeth, Leesburg, Ewing's Neck, East Creek, and Dennisville, to Mauricetown. From Philadelphia, by Camden, Woodbury, Carpenter's Landing, Mullica Hill7 Harrisonville, Woodstown, Allowaystown, Roadstown, and Shiloh, to Greenwich. From Pomonia to Port Republic. From Princeton, by Blawenburg, and Harlingen, to Griggstown. From Princeton, by Plainsborough, Cranberry, Hightstown, and MAanalapan, to Freehold. From- Princeton, by Van Hfiseville, D-utch Neck, and Windsor, to Hio'lltstown. From RaPlway, by Woodbridge, to Perth Amboy. From Rockaway to Hibernia. From Rudd's Lake, by Mount Olive, to Drakestown. From Salem, by Roadstown, to Bridgeton. From Schooley's Mountain, by Beatyestown, Hackettstown, Drakesto1wn, Flanders, and Suckasunny, to Dover. From Seaville Station, by Seaville, to Beasley's Point. From Somers Point to English Creek. From Smith's Mills, by Lower Macopin, and Upper Macopin, to West M1ilford. From Somerville, by North Branich White House, Lebanon, Clinton, Perryville, Bethlehem, Bloomsburgh, and Still Valley, to Easton, in Pennsylvania. From Somerville, by Pluckemin, and Lesser Cross-Roads, to Peapack. From Somerville, by Pluckemin, to New Germantown. From Somerville, by Weston, Millstone, Blackwell's, Griggstown, Harlingen7 and Plainville, to Flaggtown. From Somerville, by Weston, MIillstone, Griggstown, Rocky Hill, and Kingston, to Princeton. From Sparta to Newton. From Trenton, by Allentown, Imlaystown, and Downsville to Manchester. Flrom Tuttle's Corner, by Bevans, and Wallpack Centre, to Flatbrookville. From Trentoin, by Greensburgh, Yardleyville, Taylorsville, Titusville, Brownsburgh, Lambertsville, and Raven Rock, to Milford. From Trentonli by Lawrenceville, Pennington, Woodsville, Ringoes, Wertsville, Reaville, Flemington, Klinesville, Quakertown, Pittstown, Sidney, Clinton, Clarksville, and New ]Hampton, to Mansfield. From Trenton, to Princeton, by Lawrenceville. From Trenton, by Titusville, Lambertville, Prallsville, Sergeantsville, Kingwood, Baptist Town, Frenchtown, Mount Pleasant, and Little York, to Bloomsbury. From Trenton, by Yardville, Crosswicks, Allentown, Hightstown, Cranberry, and Englishtown, to Freehold. From Trenton, by Yardleyville, Greensburg, Taylorsville, Titusville, Brownsburg, Lambertville, NTew Hope, Stockton, Centre Bridge, Lumberville, Raven Rock, Point Pleasant, in Pennsylvania, French Town, Erwinna, Upper Black-Eddy, iXilford, Holland, Carpentersville, Rieglesville, Ulhlersville. and Phillipsburg, to Easton. From Tuekahoe, by Petersburg, Seaville, anld Tlownsend Inlet, to Cape May. $ S l —13 194 POST-ROADS. From Turkey, by Bergen Iron Works, to Tom's River. From Upper Black's Eddy, in Pennsylvania, by Milford, Mount Pleasant, Everittstown, Pittstown, and Sidney, to Clinton. ]From Vincentown, by Red Lion, and Tabernacle, to Hartford. From Walpach Centre to Branchville. From Warwick to North Vernon. From Washington, by Taylor:s Mill, Karrsville, Fuming, and Beaty7s' Mills, to Vienna. From Wertsville to Ringoes. From West Bloomfield, by Meade Basin, and Pompton Plains, to Pompton. From White ]House to Flemington. From White:House to Germantown. From Winslow, by Batsto, Green Bank, and New Gretna, to Tuckerton. From Woodmansie to Manahawkin. New York. IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 3 Aug., 1S54, c. From Adams, by Bishop Street, to Henderson. 230, v. 10, pp. 368- From Adams, by Rodman, East Rodman, South Rutland, Champion, 3 March, 1855, c. and South Roads, to Copenhagen. 211, v. 10, pp. 704, From Addison, by South Addison, Elkiland, in Pennsylvania, and 705. Osceola, to Knoxville. 18 Aug., 1856, ]. From Albany, by Bethlehem Centre, Feura Bush, Keefer's Corners, 168, v. 11, pp. 132, and Indian Fields, to Greenville. 3 March, 1857, c. From Albany, by Cedar Hills, and Coeymans, to New Baltimore. 109, v. 11, p. 230. From Albany, by Defriestville, and West Sand Lake, to Sand Lake. 14 June, 1858, c. From Albany, by Greenbush, East Greenbush, Schodack Centre, Nas162,v. 11, p. 355. 27 Feb., 1861, C. sa, Brainard's, Moffatt's Store, New Lebanon Centre, and ]New Lebanon, 57, v. 12, p. 162. to:New Lebanon Springs. 2 June, 1862, c. From Albany, by Guilderland, Dunnsville, East Duanesburg, D nanes9514 Jl, p. 417. eburg, Esperance, Sloanesville, Carlisle, Sharon, Sharon Centre, anlll Lees14 July, 1862, c. 171, v. 12, p. 574. ville, to Cherry Valley. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Albany, by Guilderland, Guilderland Centre, Knowersville, 55, v. 12, p. 63. Township, West Township, Gallupsville, Scoharie, East Cobleslill, 30 June, 1864, c. Barnesville Cobleskill Centre, Cobleskill, and Warnerville, to Rich175, v. 13, p. 319. 3 March, 1865, c. mon0dville. 104, v. 13, p. 524. From Albany, by Ireland Corners, Newtonville, and B3oght to Cres14 March, 1866, c. cent, 16, v. 14, p. 7. From Albany, by Kenwood, Bethlehem, Clarksville, Reedville, West18 July, 1866, c. Fro 202, v. 14, p. 189. erloo, Rensselaerville, Medusa, and Oak Hill, to Durham. 26 July, 1866, c. Frotu Albany, by Lisha's Kill, Schenectady, Hoffman's Ferry, Cranes267, v. 14, p. 281. ville Amsterdam, Tribe's Hill, Fonda, Conajoharie, Palatine Bridge, 2 March, 1867, c. Fort Plain, Saint Johnsville, Mal-nheim, Little Falls, Ilerkimer, East 191, v.14, p. 554. 30 March, 1868, c. Schuyler, West Schuyler, Utica, Whitestown, Orisltany, Rome, Greein's 35, v. 15, pp. 51, 52. Corner's, Verona, Verona Depot, Oneida Depot, Oneida Castle, Wamps25 July, 1868, c. ville, Canastota:, Syracuse, Belie Isle, Canal, Jordan, NW1eedsport, Port 32443Mar5ch, 1.89,. Byron, Cruso, Clyde, Lock Berlin, Lonsom, Newark, East Palamvra, Pal131, v. 15, p. 331. myra, Macedon, Perrinton, Penfield, Rochester, Gates, North Chili, 5 March, 1870, c. Churehville, Bergen, West Bergen, South Byron, Batavia, West Batavia, 22, v. 16, p.73. Corftu, Crittenden, Mill Grove, and Checktowaga, to Buffalo. 14 July, 1870, c. From Albany. by Norman's Kill, New Scotlandl New Salem, East 273, v. 16, p. 288. 28 Feb., 1871, c. Berne, Berne, and Waldensville, to Gallupsville. 101, v. 16, p. 465. Frowm Albany, by West Troy, Cohoes, Waterford, Schagticoke, Eagle 16 Jan., 1872, c. Bridge, Centre White Creek, Cambridge, Shushan, Salem, West Ru6, v. 17, p. 26.'14 M1, 1872 c pert, in Vermont, Rupert, West Pawlet, Granville, in New York, Middle 159, v. 17, p. 111. Granville, West Poultney, in Vermont, Castleton, West Rutland, and 10 June, 1872, c. Cenltre Rutland, to Rutland. 427, v. 17, p. 385. ]From AlbanTy, by West Troy, to Troy. 3 March, 1873, c. From Albion, by Gaines, Waterport, Cariton, West Carlton, Yates, 255, v. 17, p. 595. IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 195 County Line, Somerset, Olcott, Wilson, and Ransomville, to Youngstown. From Alden, by Cowlesville, and Folsomville, to Bennington. From Alden to Mill Grove. From Alden, by South Alden, and Willis' Mill, to East Aurora. From Almond, by Caneadea, and Phillip's Creek, to Phillipsville. From Almond, by McHenry's Valley, and Collin's Settlement, to Phillipsville. From Alps, by Hoag's Corners, and East Nassau, to Moffit's Store. From Amsterdam, by Haganan.'s Mills, West Galway, Galway, North Galway, and Providence, to Barkersville. From Amsterdam, by Perth, Vail's Mills, Broadalbin, North Broadalbin, Union Mills, Northampton, Osborne's Bridge, and Newton's Corners, to Northville. From Amsterdam, by Port Jackson, Minaville, and Braman's Corners, to Burtonsville. From Amsterdam, by Port Jackson, Minaville, Fort Hunter, and Auriesville, to Glen. From Andover, by Independence, to Whitesville. From Angelica, by Allen Centre, Short Tract, Granger, and Hunt's Hollow, to Portageville. From Angelica to West Almond. From Antwerp, by North Wilna, Wilna, Carthage, and Deep River, to Denmark. From Apalachin to Campville. From Argyle, by North Argyle, and South Hartford, to Hartford. From Attica, by Varysburg, Johnsonburg, North Java, East Java, and East China, to China. From Auburn, by Aurelius, Union Springs, and Levalna!, to Aurora. From Auburn, by Fleming, Scipio, Venice, Genoa, East Genoa, North Lansing, West Groton, and East Lansing, to South Lansing. From Auburn, by Fleming, The Square, Scipioville, Sherwood's, Poplar Ridge, Ledyard,. King's Felry, Five Corners, Lansingville, Ludlowville, South Lansing, and Forest City, to Ithica. From Auburn, by Owasco Lake, Moravia, Locke, Summer Hill, and Homer, to Cortland Village. From Auburn, by Owasco, and Niles, to Kelloggsville. From Auburn, by Pontico, to Skaneateles. From Auburn to Port Byron. From Auburn, by Sennet, Seneca River, Cato, Meridian, Ira, Hannibal Centre, Hannibal, and Kinney's Four Corners, to Oswego. From Au Sable Forks, by Black Brook, Franklin Falls, and Bloomingdale, to Suranac Lake. From Au Sable Forks, by Black Brook, Union Falls, Merrillsville, Duane, and South Dickinson, to Nicholville. From Au Sable Forks, by Wilmington, Jaty, and Upper Jay, to Keene. From Bainbridge, by Guilford Centre, and Guilford, to Norwich. From Bainbridge, by Guilford, and Oxford, to Norwich. From Bainbridge, by West Bainbridge, Coventryville, Coventry, Greene, Genegantslet, and Triangle, to Whitne,y's Point. From Baldwinsville, by Plainville, Meridian, Cato, Victory, and Westbury, to Wolcott. From Ballstown, by West MIilton, South Galway, Galwayy, Whiteside's Corners, Providence, North Hampton, ancl Edinburg, to West Day. From Bangall, by Hull's Mills, Federal Store, and City, to Amenia. From Barcelona, by VVestfield, Hartfield, Mayville, lMagnolia, and Harmony, to Jamestown. lFrom Barnes' Corners, by East Rodman, and Burr's Mills, to Watertown. From Barrytown, by Red Hookli, Rock City, Milan, and Lafayetteville, to Pine Plains. 196 POST-ROADS. From Barryville, by Lumberland, Beaver Brook, Forestburg, Monticello, Stevensville, and Liberty Falls, to Liberty. From Batavia, by Alexander, to Attica. From Batavia., by East Bethany, Pavillion, Covington, La Grange, and Perry Centre, to Centre. From Batavia, by Elba., South Barrem Barre, Barre Centre, and Albion, to Gaines. From Batavia, by Oakfield, Wheatville, Alabama, and RBoyalton, to Medina. From Bath, by Campbell's Creek, Towlesville, East Canisto, Canisto, and Bennett's Creek, to Greenwood. From Bath, by Marsh's, and Bennett's, to Towlesville. From Bath, by Mount Washington, Bradford, Orange, Sugar Hill, and Townsend, to Watkins. From Bath, by Mud Creek, Campbellstown, Cooper's Plains, and Painted Post, to Corning. From Bath, by North Cameron, Cameron, South Hill, Jasper, and Troupsburg, to Knoxville, in Pennsylvania. From Bath, by Thurston, and South Thurston, to West Addison. From Bath, by Wheeler, to Prattsburg. From Beaver Brook to Narrowsburg. From Beaver Meadow to North Pharsalia. From Beekmanton, to West Chazy, to Chazy. From Belmont to Philips Creek. From Belvidere, by Angelica, Allen Grove, tHunt's Hollow, Oakland, Nunda, Brook's Grove, Ridge, and Mount Morris, to Geneseo. From Bergen, by East Bergen, Sweden, and Brockport, to Clarkson. From Belvidere, by Transit Bridge, Belfast, Oramel, and Caneadea, to Rushford. From Berkshire, by East Berkshire, to Lisle. From Binghamton, by Castle Creekl, yde's Settlement, Whitney's Point, Lisle, Killawog, Marathon, Blodgett's Mills, and Cortland Village, to Homer. From Binghamton to Friendsville. From Binghamton, by Kattelville, Chenango Forks, Greene, East Greene, South Oxford, and Oxford, to Norwich. From Binghamton, by Port Crane, Osborne's Hollow, Colesville, and West Colesville, to Harpersville. -From Birdsell to Whiting's Crossing. From Black Brook, by Wilmington, and North Elba, to Saranac Lake. From Blair, by Farmersville, and Lincoln, to Elton. From Bloomingdale to Brighton. From Booneville to Constableville. From Booneville, by East Road, Port Leyden, and River Road, to Lyons Falls. From Brasher's Falls, by Brasher's Iron Works, and Helena, to Hogansburg. From Bristol Centre to South Bristol. From Brooklyn, by Flat Bush, and New Utrecht, to Fort Hamilton. From Brooklyn, by Third Avenue, and Bay Ridge, to Fort Hamilton. From Brownsville, by Perch IRiver, Stone Mills, and La Fargeville, to Clayton. From Buffalo, by Black Rock, to Tonawanda. From Buffalo, by Cheektowaga, Lancaster, Town Line, Alden, Darien Centre, Darien, Attica, Linden, Dale, Warsaw, East Gainsville, Castile, Portageville, Hunt's Hollowv, unda, Chautauque Valley, Whitney's Valley, Burns, and Arkport, to Eornellsville. From Buffalo, by East Evans, North Evans, Evans, Irving, Silver Creek, Sheridan, Dunkirk, Fredonia, Salem Cross-Roads, Portland, Westfield, and Ripley, to State Line. Front Buffalo, by East Hamnbulrg Ellicottl anld California, to Griffin's Mills. IN T1HE STATE OF NEW YORK. 197 From Buffalo, by Ebenezer Village, to Cowlesville. From Buffalo to Lockport. From Buffalo, by Red Jacket, Spring Brook, West Aurora, East Aurora, South Wales, Holland, Sardinia, Yorkshire, Delavan, Machias, Franklinville, Cadiz, and Rice, to Hinsdale. From Buffalo, by West Seneca, Big Tree Corners, Haruburg, North Boston, Patchin, Boston, Springville, Ashford, Plato, Ellicottsville, and dreat Valley, to Killbuck. iLVrl:m DBurke, by Burke Centre, to Thayer's Corners. From Burns, by Doty's Corners, to Dansville. From Bush, by Centre, and Jackson Run, to Warren, in Pennsylvania, From Cairo, by East Durham, Potter's Hollow, Manor 1Hill, and Conesville, to Gilboa. From Cambridge, by North Cambridge, to Greenwich. From Cambridge, by North White Creek, Anaquasscook, East Salem, and West Arlington, in Veimnont, to Arlington. From Camden, by East Florence, and Florence, to Bedford. From Clamden, by Hillsboro, Cartersville, Amboy Centre, East Parislh, Parish, and C(olosse, to Mexico. From Cameron, by Swale, Talbott's, South Hill, and Hedgesville, to WToodhull. From Canaan Four Corners, by New Britain, Moffit's Store, East Nassaun and Hoag's Corners, to Sand Lake. From Canaan Four Corners, by New Lebanon, to New Lebanon Springs. From Canajoharie, by Ames, and Sharon Springs, to Sharon Centre. From Canajoharie, by Flat Creek, Argusville, and Sharon, to Garduersville. From Canajoharie, by Spraker's Basin, Root, Charleston Four Corners, Sloansvi]le, and Central Bridge, to Schoharie. From Canandaigua, by Bristol, Allen's Mills, Richmond, Milo, Livonia, and Lakeville, to Geneseo. From Canandaigua, by Centrefieldl, East Bloomnfield, Taylorsville, West Bloomfield, North Bloomfield, Honeoye Falls, East Rush, and West Rtush, to Caledonia. From Canandaigua, by Cheshire, Bristol Centre, Honeoye, Canadice, and East Springwater, to Springwater. From Canandaigua, by Hopewell, Stanley Corners, Ferguson's Corners, Halls Corners, Benton Centre, Penn Yan, Milo Centre, Milo, North Starkey, Big Stream Point, and Rock Stream, to Watkins. From Canandaigua, to Larned's Corners, Orleans, Seneca Castle, Flint Creek, Hopewell, and Larned's Corners, to Canandaigua. From Canandaigna, by West Farmington, and Norton's Mills, to F'armington. From Candor Centre, by West Candor, Spencer, Van Etterville, Cayunta, West Cayuta, and Alpine, to Catharine. From Canisteo, by Bennett's Creek, Greenwood, Rough and Ready, West Troupsburg, Jasper, Woodhull, and, South Addison, to Addison. From Canisteo, by Purdy Creek, West Greenwood, and West Union, to Whitesville. From Cannonsville to Rocky RIift. From Cannonsville to Unadilla. From Canton, by East De Kalb, to IRichville. IFrom Cantlon, by Nlorth Russell, Russeli, Edwards, Fullersville Iron Works, and Fowler, to ShiDgle Creek. From Carthage to Copenhagen. From (Carthage, by Natural Bridge, and Diana, to Edwards. From Castile, by Saint Helena, IRivear Road Forks, and Brook's Grove, to Tuscarora. Firom Catskills by Kiskatoi, Palenville, Tannllersvilie, Hunter, Jewett's Centre, and Lexington, to Prattsville, From Catskill, by Leeds, South Cairo, C~airo, Acra, South Dturham, 198 POST:;RO ADS, East Windham, Unionville, Windham Centre, Windham, Ashland, Red Falls, Prattsville, Moresville, Stamford, Hobart, South Kortright, and Bloomville, to Delhi. From Cattaragus, by New Albion, to Leon. From Cattaraugus, by Otto, and Eddysville, to Ellicottsville. From Cayuta, by Van Etten, to Van Ettenville. From Centreville to Pike. From Centre White Creek, by White Creek, to North Bennington, in Vermont. From Chapelsburg to Humphrey Centre. From Chateaugay, by Wrightsville, to Frontier. From Chaumont, by Depauville, and Clayton Centre, to Clayton. From Cheiung, to Saint John's, in Pennsylvania. From Chemung, by Wynkoop Creek, and South Erin, to Van Ettenaille. From Chenango Forks to Harpersville. Fromn Cherry Valley, by East Springfield, Springfield, Warren, Richfield Springs, May Flower, Winfield, West Winfield, and Babcock Hill, to Clayville. From Cherry Valley, by Roseboom, Middlefield, and Westville, to Milford. From Cheshire to Bristol Spi'ings. From Chester, by Florida, to Warwick. From Chester, by Sugar Loaf, Warwick, and Edenville, to Amity. From Chittenango Station, by Chittenango, Chittenango Falls, Cazenovia, New Woodstock, De Ruyter, Cuyler, Truxton, East Homer, and Homer, to Cortland Village. From Chittenango, by Perryville, Fenner, and Nelson, to Erieville. From Clarksburgh, by New Oregon, and Woodward Hollow, to Morton's Corners. From Cobleskill, by Lawyersville. Hindsville, Gardnersville, Seward, South Valley, and Pleasant Brook, to Roseboom. From Cocheton, by Fosterdale, Bethel, White Lake, Mongaup Valley, Monticello, Bridgeville, Gales, Wurtzboro', and Bloomingburg, to Middletown. From Cocheton, by Damascus, in Pennsylvania, to Rileyville. From Coeymans, by Coeymans Hollow, Dormansville, and Westerlo, to South Berne. From Coldbrook to Gray. From Comstock's Landing, by West Granville, North Granville, and Middle Granville, to Granvill-3,. From Concord Centre to Java. From Conesus Centre to Scottsburg. From Cooperstown, by Fly Creek, Oaksville, Burlington, West Burlington, Edmeston, Pittsfield, New Berlin, New Berlin Centre, and South.New Berlin, to Norwich. From Cooperstown, by Middlefield, Westford, and Decatur, to Worcester. From Copenhagenu, by Pinckney, Barnes' Corners, Worthville, and Jacksonville, to Lorraine. From Corning, by Cooper's Plains, Campbelltown, Savona, Bath, Kennedysville, Avoca, Twelve Mile Creek, Cohoeton, North Cohocton, Wayland Depot, Springwater, West Conesus, Conesus, South Livonia, Lakeville, Avon, Caledonia, Le Roy, and Stafford, to Batavia. From Corning, by Painted Post, Addison, Rathboneville, West Addison, Cameron Mills, West Cameron, East Canisto, and Canisto, to Hornellsville. From Corning, by Post Creek, Hornby, Beaver Datms, and Moreland, to Wat-kins. From Cortland Village, by MIcGrawsville Frleetowa Corners, amnd East. Freetown, to Texas Valley. From Cortlalnd Village~ by MeGrawsville% Solon, Cincinnatus, Taylori IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 199 Pitcher, Pitcher Springs, Pharsalia, East Pharsalia, and Preston, to Norwich. From Cortland Village, by Virgil, and Creswell, to lHarford. From Cotton to South Cotton. From Covesville, by Quaker Springs, and Dean's Corners, to Ketchaim's Corners. From Coxsackie, by Medway, Greenville, South Westerloo, and Norton Hill, to Oak Hill. From Crosbyville, by Buena Vista, to Howard. From Crown Point Centre, by Hammond's Furnace, to Schroon Lake. From Cuba, by Black Creek, and Rockville, to Belfast. 3From Cuba, by Hindsdale, to Olean. Fromn Cuba to New Hudson. From Cuba, by Rawson, Rushford, Fairview, Freedom, Sandusky, and China, to Yorkshire. From Cuba, by West Clarksville, and West Genesee, to Portville. From Cuyler, by New Boston, to Taylor. From Damascus, by West Damascus, and New Lebanon, to Relayville. From Danlby to West Danby. From Dacnsville, by Ossian, Whitney's Valley, and Birdsail, to Allen.. From Dansville, by Scottsburg, and West Conesus, to Conesus. From l)ansville, by South Dan sville, and Stephens' Mills, to Hornellsville. From Davenport, by North Kortright, and Harperfield, to Stamford. From Deer Park, by West Hills, and Dix Hills, to Commack. FIrom Delhi, by Elk Creek, Kortright, Charlotte Creeks, Meredith, and Davenport, to Oneonta. From Delhi. by Kortright, to Harpersfield. From Deposit, by Barbourville, Masonville, Bennettsville, Bainbridge, East Guilford, Rockdale, Mount Upton, White7s Store, South New Berlin, and New Berlin Centre, to New Berlin. From Deposit to Cannonsville. From Deposit, by Sanford, V allonia Springs, South Bainbridge, Coventry ville, and Cheshireville, to Oxford. From Doe Ruyter, by Linklaen, Union Valley, Pitcher, Taylor, CinciLnatus, Willet, and Upper Lisle, to Whitney's Point. From De IRuyter, by North Linklaen, South Otselic, Plymouth, and South Plymouth, to Nlorwich. From De Ruyter, by Otselic, Smyrna, Sherburne, and Columbus, to New Berlin. From Dickinson Centre, by Dickinson, Moira, and Bombay, to Fort Covington. From Dover, by Amenia, and.IJeedsville, to Sharon. From Downsville, by Butternut Grove, and Fremont Centre, to Hankins. From Dryden, by Harford, to -Killawog. From Dryden to Marathon. From Dundee, by Crystal Springs, and Wayne, to H[ammondsport. From Dunkirk, to Detroit, in Michigan. From Dunkirk, by Fredonia, Laona, Cassadaga, Gerry, and Vermont, to Jamestowvn. From East Chatham, by Chatham, and Malden Bridge, to Nassau. From East Sandy Creek to St;ate Road. From Eatonville, by Middleville, to Fairfield. From Elizabethtownl, by Keene, North Elba, Harrietstown, and Saint Armand, to Merrillsville. From Elizaville to Pirne Plains. From El len iTille to Drowned Lands. Flqrom Elliceottsville to Machias. Frm Eljmira, by East Vet'era n, and West Caytal to Ithaca. 200 POST-ROADS. From Elmira, by Fairport;, Millport and Havana, to Salubria. From Elmira, by Fairport, Pine Valley, Millport, Croton Corners, and Havana, to Watkins. From Elmira, by North Chemung, and Erin, to Cay-uta. From Elmira, by South Port, Seeley Creek, Webb's Mills, French Mills, in Pennsylvania, Daggetts Mills, and' Rutland, to Mansfield. From Erie, in Pennsylvania, by Phillipsville, Wattsburg, M arvin, Clymer, Clymer Centre, Panama., Blockville, Harmony, Jamestown, Levant, Poland Centre, Falconer, Randolph, East Randolph, and Napoli, to Little Valley. From Essex to Charlotte, in Vermont. From Fabius, by Cuyler, to Pitcher. From Farmingdale Depot, by Amity'ville, and South Oyster Bay, to Jerusalem South. From Fisher's, by Mendon, and Mendclon Centre, to Honeoye Falls. From Fishkill, by Brinkerhoff, Johnsville, Oregonville, Gayhead, Cortlandville, and Stormnville, to Pouhquag. From Fishkill Landing, by Matteawan, Glenham, Fishkill, East Fishkill, Ortonville, and Johnsville, to Storumville. From Fishkill, by Shenandoah, and Kent, to Carmel. From Fona, by Fultonville, Glen, and Charleston, to Fultonville. From Fonda, by Johnstown, Gloversville, Kingsborough, 7Mayfield, and Cranberry Creek, to Osborne's Bridge. From Fonda, by SaMlmonsville, and Ephratah, to Nevvkirkls Mills. From Fordham, by King's Bridge, Yonkers, Hastings upon Hudson, and Dobb's Ferry, to Ferrytown. From Forestville to Kennedy, by Arkwright Summit, Hamlet, Villenova, Cherry Creek, Cedar Creek, and Ellington. From Fort Ann, by West Fort Ann, Griswold's Mills, Patten's Mills, and Queensbury, to French Mountain. From Fort Covington, by Hogansburg, and Racket River, to Massena. From Fort Edwards, by Sandy Hill, Glen's Falls, French Mountain, Caldwell, Warrensburg, Chestertown, and Pottersville, to Sebroon Lake. From Fort Plain, by Frey's Bush, Hessville, and Sprout Brook, to Cherry Valley. From Fort Plain, by Hallsville, and Minden, to Starkville. From Fort Plain, by Hallsville, Starkville, Van Hornsville, Springfield Centre, Cooperstown, Hartwick Seminary, South Hartwick, Mount Vision, and Laurens, to Morris. From Fowler's Point, by Starkey, to Dundee. From Franklin to Franklin Station. From Franklinville to Elgin. From Fredonia, by Laona, Ark"wright, and Hamlet, to Villa Nova. From Fredonia, by Stockton, Oregon, lEllery, and Fluvanna, to Jamestown. From Frontier to Churubusco. From Fulton, by Gilbert's Mills, Pennellville, and Caughdenoy, to Brewerton. From Fulton, by Volney, Palermo, Vermillion, and Butterfly to Mexico. From Gales, by Glen Wild to Sandburg. From Geneseo, by Cuylersville, Moscow, Perry, Castile, and East Pike, to Pike. From Geneva, by Junius, Marengo, Clyde, Rose, and West Butler, to Wolcott. From Geneva, by Stanley Corners, Benton, Penn Yan, Barrington, and Urbana, to Bath. From Geneva, by Stanley Corners, Gorham, Rushville, Middlesex, and Naples, to North Coliocton. From Georgetowln, by West Eaton, to MIor:risville. Fronm Cerry to Charlotte C.ent;re. IN THE STATE OrF NEW YORK. 201 From Gilboa, by Mine Kill Falls, North Blenheim, and Breakabeen, to Middleburg. From Glendale to Chase's Lake. From Gloversville to Broadalbin. From Gloversville, by Munsonville, to Batchelersville. From Gloversville to Pine Lake. From Goshen, by Tew Hampton, State Hill, Wells' Corner, and Minisikll, to Port Jervis. From Goshen, by Ridgebury, West Town, Unionville, Mount Salem, in New Jersey, Minisink, Wells' Corner, and State Hill, to Goshen. From Gouverneur, by Wegatchie, Oxbow, Theresa, West Theresa, and Orleans Four Corners, to La Fargeville. From Gowanda, by Perrysburg, Nashville, and Hanover, to Fredoniia. From Gowanda, by West Perrysburg, and Smith's Mills, to Silver Creek. From Grahamsville, by Clayville, and De Bruce, to Parksville. From Grant Station to Panama. From Granville, by Middle Granville, and North Granville, to Comstock's Landing. From Great Bend, by Carthage, and Deer River, to Denmark. From Great Bend, by Evan's Mlills, to French Creek. From Greene, by Genegantslet, Smithville Flats, and East German, to MeDonough. From Greenpoint to Orient. From Green!Joint, by Sag Harbor, and Riidge Hampton, to South Hampton. From Greenport, by East Marion, to Orient. From Greenport to Shelter Island. From Greenwich, by Battenville, and East Greenwich, to Salem. From Groton to Cortland Village. From Guilderland, by Rotterdam, Mariaville, Minaville, and Fort Hunter, to Tribe7s Hill. From Hadley to Creek Centre. From Hale's Eddy, by New Baltimore, and Danville, to HEarmony Centre, in Pennsylvania. From Hale's Eddy, 1by New Baltimore, and Danville, in Pennsylvania,, to Gulf Summit. From Hamburg, by Water Valley, White's Corners, Eden, Collins, and Angola, to Gowanda. From Hamilton, by Lebanon, Georgetown, Atsetic, South Atsetic, and Linklaen, to Pitcher Springs. From Hancock, by Partridge Island, Harvard's, Elwood's Bridge, Colchester, Pepacton, and Cabin Hill, to Delhi. From Hancock, by Rock Rift, Walton, and Hampden, to Delhi. From Honeoye, by Hemlock Lake, and Livonia, to Livonia Station. From Hart's Village, by Washington, and Little Rest, to Dover. From Haskinville to Cohocton. From Havana, by Odessa, Mecklenburg, and Perry City, to Trumansburg. From Haverstraw to Clarkstown. Fromu Hedgesville to Rathboneville. From Hempstead Depot, by Roslyn, and Cedar Swamp, to Glen Cove. From Herkimer, by Mohawk, Jordansville, Page's Corners, Richfield Springs, Schuyler's Lake, Oaksville, and Fly Creek, to Cooperstown. From Heuvelton, by De Peyster, Edenton, and Pope's Mills, to Macocrb. From Heuvelton, by Rensselear Falls, to Hernmon. From Hicksville, by Cold Spring Harbor, Huntington, and Centreport, to Northport. Fronm Hicksville, by Jericho, alnd lEast Norwieh, to Oyster Bay. 1ron lighland to Clinton Dale. 202 POST-ROADS. From Hillsdale, by North Egremont, Egremont Plains, and South Egremnont, to Great Barrington. From Holland Patent, to Big Brook, by Steuben. From Homer, by Scott, Spafiord, and Borodiuo, to Skaneateles. From Hopkinton Turnpike, by Duane, to Malone. From lHornellsville, by Big Creek, Howard, Groff's Mills, and Kennedysville. to Bath. Froml Hornellsville, by Hlaskinville, Rogersville, Loon Lake, and Patchin's Mills, to Wayland Depot. From Horseheads to Breesport. From Horseheads, by Sullivanville, to West Cayuta. From Hudson, by Claverack, Churchtown, Taghkanic, Copake, and Boston Corners, in AMassachusetts, to North East. From Hudson, by Claverack, Mellenville, and Ghent, to Chatham Four Corners. From Hudson, by Stockport, and Stuyvesanut Falls, to Kinderhook. From Hudson, by West Taghkanic, Ancram, and Ancram Lead Mines, to North East. From Hunter to Phoenicia. From Ilion, by Columbian Springs, Cedarville, and Winfield, to West Winfield. From Ithaca, by Danby, South Danby, Willseyville, arid Candor, to Owego. From Ithaca, by Enfield, Enfield Centre, Trumbull's Corners, Cayntaville, and Odessa; to Havana. From Ithaca, by Enfield, Mecklenburg, Reynoldsville, Bennettsburg, Burdetr, Watkins, Reading, Pine Grove, Tyrone, WBeston, WaTynie Four Corners, North Urbana, and Urbana, to Bath. From Ithaca, by Newfield, and Catharine, to Havana. From Ithaca, by Slatersville, Caroline, Richford, Centre Lisle, and Lisle, to Whitney's Point. From Ithaca, by Varna, Etna, Dryden, and McLeon, to Cortland Village. From Ithaca, by West Dryden, Peruville, Groton, and Locke, to Moravia. From Jamaica to Rockaway. From Jamestown, by Levant, Ellington, Clear Creek, Conewango, Leon, and Sociality, to Gowanda. From Jefferson, by Morseville, Summit, West Fulton, and Fultonham, to Middleburg. From Johnsburg, by North Creek, and North River, to Eagle's Nest. From Johnsburg to Wellstown. From Johnstown, by Rockwood, Garoga, Lasellsville, and Oppenheim, to Brockett's Bridge. From Jordan to Elbridge. From Katonah, by Cross River, and Boutonville, to South Salem. From Keene to Keene Flats. Froin Keeseville, by Clintonville, and New Sweden, to Au Sable Forks. From Keeseville, by Peru, to Plattsburg. From Keeseville, by Port Kent, to Burlington, in Vermont. From Kelloggsville to New- Hope. From Kenisco Depot, by Kenisco, and Amonk, to North Castle. From Ketchamville to Newark Valley, being an extension of the present route fiom Maine to bKetchamville. From Kinderhook, by Stuyvesant, Schodack Landing, aud Castleton, to Albany. From the Kingston route, near Fish Lake, by Brushland, to Bovina. From Kingston, by Glasco, to Sangerties. Froam Kingston, by Rondout, Amnesville, Esopus, and River Side, to.New Paltz Lanlding. From Kingtston, by WTest Hariey, Olive, Sh1oka.n, The Corner, Phce IN THE STATE'r OF NEW YORK. 203 nicia., Shandaken, Pine Hill, Griffin's Corners, Colesville, Arkville, Middletown Centre, Clark's Factory, and Andes, to Delhi. IFrom Knowlesville, by Millville, to Farmingham. firorn Knoxboro' to Munsville Station. From La F'argeville to Alexandria Bay. From Lake View, by North Evans, Eden Valley, Eden, and Collins, to Shirley. From Lamson's, by Little -Utica, Polliville, and Lysander, to Plainville. From Lainson's to Pennellville. From Lancaster, by East Aurora;, Griffin's Mills, West Falls, Colden, and Glenwood, to Springville. From Le Roy, by Pavillion. Centre, Pearl Creek, and Wyoming, to Warsaw. From Le Roy, by Roanoke, East Bethany, Bethany, West Bethany, and Brookeville, to Alexander. From Lewiston, by Dickersonville, to Cambria. From Lewiston to NTiagara Falls. From Lewiston, by Rochester, Oswego, Sackett's Harbor, Kingston, in Canada, Clayton, Alexander, and Morristown, to Ogdensburg, From Lewiston to Youngstown. From Lexington, by West Kill, and Bushnellsville, to Shandaken. From Liberty, by Parlksville, Purvis, Rockland, Beaverkill, Shinn Creek, and Shavertown, to Pepacton. From Liberty, by Youngsville, Callicoon, and North Brafnch, to Callicoon Depot. From Linden, by Middlebury, Wyoming, Pearl Creek, Covington, Peoria, Greigsville, Piffard, and Spottswood. to Geneseo. From Lilse, by East Berkshire, and -Wilson Creek, to Newark Valley. From Little Falls, by Danube, to Newville. From Little Falls, by Etonville, Fairfield, Middleville, Newport, Poland, Cold Brook, Russia, Gravesville, and Trenton Falls, to Trenton. From Little Neckl by Great Neck, to Manhassett. From Little Falls, by Jacksonburg, Paine's Hollow, and Crain's, to Warren. From Little Falls, by Manheim Centre, Brockett's Bridge, Salisbury, and Salisbury Centre, to Devereaux. From Little Falls, by Salisbury, to Graysville. From Lockport, by Coomer, and Maple Street, to Wilson. From Lockport, by Hickory Corners, Cambria, and Sout-h Wilson, to Wilson. From Lockport, by Pekin, to Lewiston. From Lockport, by Locust Tree, Rapids, West Newstead, North Clarence, and Clarence Centre, to Clarence. From Lockport, by Mapleton, and Shawnee, to Bergholtz. From Lockport, by Mount Cambria, Pendleton Centre, and Pendleton, to Lockport. From Lockport, by Wright's Corners, Hess Road, and West Somerset, to Somerset. From Lockport, by Wright's Corners, and Newfane, to Olcott. From Lodi, by Lodi Centre, Seneca, Logan, and Burdett, to Watkins. From Lodi, by South Lodi, North Hector, Hector, and Burdett, to Watkins. From Long Lake, by Newcomb, to Minerva. From Lowville to Rodman. From. Lowville, by South Harrisburg, Harrisburg, New Boston, and Pinkney, to Rodman. From Lowville, by Watson, New Bremen, Croghan, Diana, Pitcairn, East Pitcairn, and South Edwards, to Edwards. Firom Lyons FallS to Carthage. From Lyons, by South Sodus, and Alton, to Sodus Point. From McCouellslesville, by Vienna, Nolrth Bay, WVest Vienna, Oieavelantd B, Ierh.ard Baly C Ontltanltiai and W Vest Monroe, to Celntral Square. 204 POST-ROADS. From Madrid Station, by Buick's Bridge, and Morley, to Canton. From Maine, by Glen Aubrey, to Witney's Point. From Malden Bridge to Riderl's Mills. From Malone, by East Constable, and West Constable, to Fort Covington. From. Malone to Trout River. From Manlius Depot, by Manlius Centre, and Fayetteville, to Manliis. Fromn Manlius, by Watervale, and Pompey Centre, to Manlius. From Manorville, by Eastford, and Speonk, to West Hampton. From MTarathon to Smitlhville Flats. From Marcellus Depot, by Marcellus Falls, Marcellus, South Marcellus, Thorn Hill, and Borodino, to Spafford. From Martinsburg, by East Martinsburg, to Watson. From Marvin, by French Creek, and Mina, to Sherman. From Masonville, by East Masonville, to Sidney Centre. From Mayfield, by Cranberry Creek, to Northfield. From Mechanicsville, by Stillwater, Bemus' Heights, Coveville, Vie tory Mills, Schuylersvilie, Northumberland, Fort Miller, and Fort Edward Centre, to Fort Edward. From Medford Station, by Coram, Miller's Place, and Mount Sinai, to Fort Jefferson. From Medford Station, by Patchogue, Belleport, and Fire PlaGce, to Moriches. From Medina, by IRidgeway, and Lyndonville, to Yates. From TMiddleport, by Jeddo, and North Ridgeway, to County Line. From lMAilford to Cherry Valley. From Mina, to Wattsburg, in Pennsylvania. From Monticello, by Bushville, Stevensville, Briscoe, Jeffersonville, Falls Mills, and Callicoon, to Callicoon Station. From Monticello, by Thompsonville, Fallsburg, Woodbourne, Hasbrouck, Neversink, and Claryville, to Grahamsville. From Mooresville, by IRoxbury, Stratton Falls, and Halcottsville, to Arkville. From Morley to Madrid. From Morris, by New Berlin, to Norwich. From Mount Morris, by Tuscarora, and Union Corners, to Byersville. From Naples, by Riker's Hollow, to Prattsburg. From Newark, by Fairville, and Joy, to Sodus. From New Bremen, by Beaver Falls, to Croghan. From Newburg, by Coldenham, Montgomery, and Bullville, to Bloomingburg. From Newburg, by Middlehope, 31arlboro', Milton, and New Paltz Landing, to Poughkeepsie. From Newburg, by Mortonville, Salisbury Mills, Blooming Grove, and Craigsville, to Chester. From Newburg, by Plattekill, Modena, Clintond ale, New Paltz, Arnoldton, Rosendale, and Fly Mountain, to Kingston. From Newburg, by Walden, Ulsterville, Ellenville, and Woodbourne, to Liberty. From New Havein, by Texas, Port Ontario, and Richland, to Mellen's Depot. From:Newport to Gray. From Newport, by Norway, to Gravesville. From New York, by Brooklyn, East New-York, Jamaica, Brushville, Hempstead Branch, lHemnpstead, Merrick, FLrmingdale, Babylon, Deer Parki Thompson's Station, Suffolk Station, Lakelan md, Waverly, Manorville, Yaphanlk, Suffllk Court-House Upper Aquebogue, Jamesport, Mattituck, Cutehogue, West Southold, andl Southold, to Greenport. From ITeV York, by Jersey City, Aquackanrock, IPaterson, in lNew Jersey, Sufeirn, Ramnapo WCorks, Sioatsburtlg, 3ionroec MTorlss, Tsirncr's, Monroe~ Oxflord Dl)epot, Chester, Goshen, New H lamplton Mididletownm, IN THE STATE OF NEW gYOK.'05 Howell's Depot, Mount Hope, Otisville, Port Jervis, Mongaup, Pond Eddy, Barryville, Shehola, in Pennsylvania, Lackawaxen, Delaware Bridge, Narrowsburg, Cochecton, Callicoon Depot, Fremont, Equinunk, in' Pernnsylvania, Stockport Station, H'aneock, Monument Island, Deposit, Lanesboro', in Pennsylvania., Susquehanna Depot, Great Bend, Lodersville, Kirkwood, Conklin, Binghamton, Union, Campville, Owego, Tioga Centre, Smithboro', Barton, Factoryville, Wa.verly, Chemung, W}ellsboro', Elmira, Big Flats, East Painted Post, Corning, Gibson, Knoxville, Painted Post, Addison, Rathboneville, West Addison, Cameron Mills, Cameron, West Cameron, Adrian, Canisteo, Hornellsville, Almond, Alfred, Andover, Elm Valley, Wellsville, Scio, Phillipsville, Belvidere, Friendship, Cuba, Hinsdale, Olean, Allegany, Tuna, Great Valley, Little Valley, Cattaranugus, Dayton, Perrysburg, Smith's Mills, and Forestville, to Dunkirk. From New York, by Manhattanville, Washington Heights, Kingsbridge, Yonkers, Hastings upon Hudson, Dobb's Ferry, Dearman's, Tarrytown, Sing SiDg, Croton Landing, Peekskill, Garrison's, Cold Spring, Fishlkill Landing, Carthage Landing, New Hainburg, Hughsonville, Wappinger's Falls, Poughkeepsie, Hyde Park, Staatsburg, Rhinebeck, Barrytown, Clermont, Germantown, Livingston, Hudson, Stockport, Stuyvesant, Schodack Landing, Castleton, and Greenbush, to Albany. IFrom New York, by New London, to Norwich. From New York, to Stonington, in Connecticut. From New York, by Tompkinsville, Stapleton, New Brighton, and North Shore, to Port Richmond. From New York, by Williamsburg, Maspeth, and Newtown, to Flushing. From New York, by Yorkville, Harlem, Mott Haven, Morrisania,, Fordham, Mount Vernon, Bronxville, Tuckahoe, Scarsdale, Moringville, White Plains, Kensico, Neperan, Pleasantville, Chappaqua, New Castle, Mount Kisco, Bedford Station, Kaitonah, Golden's Bridge, Purdy's Station, Croton Falls, Brewster's Station, Dykeman7s, Carmel, Towner's, Haviland Hollow, Patterson, Pawling, South Dover, Dover, Wassaic, Amenia, Oblong, Northeast Station, Boston Corners, in Massachusetts, Copake, Hillsdale, North Copake, Martindale Depot, and Ghent, to Chatham Four Corners. From North Almond to Arkport. From North Chili, by Chili, and Clifton, to Wheatland. From North East, by Findley's Lake, to Mina Corners. From North Evans, by Pontiac, Versailles, and West Perrvsburg, to Smitlh's Mills. From North Lawrence, by Lawrenceville, and Nicholville, to Hopkinton. From North Petersburg Station, by Petersburg Four Corners. and Petersburg, to South Petersburg. From North River to Eagle's Nest. From Norwich to Morris. From Norwich to Sidney Plains. From Norwich, by South Plymouth, North Pharsalia, and Pharsalia, to Cincinnatus. From Nunda, by River Road, to Caneadea. From Ogdensburg, by Flakeville, Canton, Potsdam, Malone, and North Bangor, to Chateaugay. From Ogdensburg, bly Lisbon, WVaddington, Madrid, Norfolk, Raymondsville, Massena, Packet River, and Hogansburg, to Fort Covington. From Olean, by Portville, Ceres, Little Genesee, Bolivar, iRichburg, Wirt, and Nile, to Friendship. IFrom Oneida lepot, by Oneida Castle, Bennett's Corners, Stockbridge M unnsville, Pratt's Hollow, and Pine W&oods, to Hamilton. From Oneida Depot, by Durhamsville, and Oneida Valley. to Oneida Lakle. 206 POST-ROADS. From Oneonta, by North Franklin, Ouleout, and Meredith, to Delhi. From Oneonta, by West Davenport, Davenport Centre, Davenport, North Harpersfield, Jefferson, West Gilboa, and Gilboa, to Prattsville. From Oneonta, by West Oneonta, Otsdawa, and Maple Grove to Buttern uts. From Oriskany Falls to Knoxboro'. From Oriskany Falls to Munsville. From Oswego Falls, by Bowen's Corners, and South Hannibal, to EHannibal Centre. From Oswego, by North Sterling, Fair Haven, and Red Creek, to Wolcott. From Osweg, by Oswego Centre, and North Hannibal, to Hannibalville. From Oswego, by Secriba, New Haven, Mexico, Union Square, Dugway, and South Albion, to Kasoag. From Otego to Gilbertsville. From Otisville, by Cuddlebackville, Oaklandville, and Hartwood, to Belford. From Owego, by Catatook, Candor Centre, Wilseyville, Pugley's Depot, Ithaca, Aurora, Levanna, and Union Springs, to Cayuga. From Oxford, by Guilford, Guilford Centre, Mount Upton, and Butternuts, to Morris. From Owego, by Flemingsville, Newark Valley, Berkshire, Richford, Hartford, and Virgil, to Cortland Village. From Owego, by South Owego, to Warren Centre, in Pennsylvania. From Owego, by Strait's Corners, Halsey Valley, and North Barton, to Shepherd's Creek. From Owego, by Tioga, and Barton, to Waverly. From Owego, by Tioga Centre, Smithsboro', Barton, Factoryville, Chnemung, and Baldwin, to Elmira. From Owego, by West Newark, Speedsville, and Caroline Centre, to Mott's Corners. From Oxford, by Coventry, and Nineveh, to Valonia Springs. From Oxford, by East AMcDonough, and German, to Cincinnatus. From Palatine Bridge, by Canajoharie, Buel, Cherry Valley, and Mliddlefield Centre, to Cooperstown. From Palmnyra, by Marion, and Williamson, to Pultneyville. From Panlmyra, by Walworth, to Ontario. From Panama, by Lottsville, in Pennsylvania,. Laporte, and Pittsfield, to Youngsville. From Pananma to North Clymer. From Panamrna, by Steadman's, and Mayville, to Westfield. From Parish to WVest Amrboy. From Parlksville, by Liberty, Robertsonville, Youngsville, Jeffersonville, and North Branch, to Callicoon Depot. From Peekskill, by Shrub Oalk, Jefferson Valley, and Red Mills, to Carmel. From Peekskill, by Yorktown, West Somers, and Somers Centre, to Somers. From Penn Yan, by Bluff Point, Branchport, Italy Hill, Prattsburg, and Mitchellville, to Bath. From Penn Yan, by Milo, Milo Centre, and North Starkey, to Dundee. From Penn Yan, by Yatesville, to Sherma.n's Hollow. From Perry, by Perry Centre, Warsaw, East Orangeville, Orangeville, Johnsonsburg, Sheldon, Strykersville, Wales, an(l VWales Centre, to East Aurora. Froin Piermont, by Nyack, -yack Turnpike, Clarkstown, and Haverstraw, to North Haverstraw. From Pike, by Hume, to Fillmore. Froml Pillcar Point to Dexter. Fronm Pilnle Lake, lby Newkirks, Rockwood, Keek's Centre, and Somerville, to Fonlda. IN THE STATEJ OF NEW YORK. 207 From Pittsfield, in Pennsylvania, by Freehold, and Lottsville, to Broken Straw. From Plattsburgh, by West Plattsburg, Cadyville, and Saranac, to Redford. From Pleasantville, by Sing Sing, Cortlandtown, and Croton Landing, to Peekskill. From Plymouth, by Beaver Meadow, to South Otselic. From Portageville, by East Roy, Pike, Eagle, Eagle Village, China, Sardinia, West Yorkshire, Yorkshire, Springville, West Concord, and Collins Centre, to Gowanda. From Portageville, by Wiscoy, Mill's Mills, Hume, Fillmore, and East Caneadea, to Caneadea. From Port Byron, by Conquest, Victory, Martville, Sterling, North Sterling, and Southwest Oswego, to Oswego. From Port Chester, by White Plains, to Tarrytown. From Port Henry? by Chimney Point, in Vermont, to Bridport. From Port Jervis to Greenville. -From Port Jervis to Mongaup Valley. From Port Leyden to Moose River. From Potsdam, by East Pierrepont, Colton, Pierrepont, and Crary's Mills, to Canton. From Pottsdam Station, by Norfolk, and Raymondsville, to Massena. From Pottersville to Mill Brook. Flom Pottersville, by Tannersville, to Minerva. From Poughkeepsie to Albany. From Poughkeepsie, by Crum Elbow, Pleasant Plains, Clinton Hollow, Schultzville, Bull's Head, and Milan, to Rock City. From Poughkeepsie, by Freedom Plains, Verbank, and Chesnut Ridge, to Clove. From Poughkeepsie, by Hyde Park, Stratsburg, Rhinebeck, Monterey, Red Hook, Upper Red Hookl, Clermont, Livingston, and Milburn, to Hudson. From Poughkeepsie, by La Grangeville, Crouse's Store, Pleasant Ridge, and Waistown, to South Dover. From Poughkeepsie, by Manchester Bridge, Spout Creek, Arthursburg, Beekman, and Ponqtuag, to Pawling. From Poughkeepsie, by New Hackensack, Fishkill Plain, Adriance, Stormville, and Peckville, to Patterson. From Poughkeepsie, by New Paltz Landing, Lloyd, New Paltz, Lib. ertyville, Tuthill, Bruynswick, Redbridge, Craxwford, Ulsterville, and Burlingham, to Bloomingburg. From Poughkeepsie, by Pleasant Valley, Washington Hollow, Hart's Village, Mabbettsville, Lithgow, Amenia, Leedsville, and Amenia Union, to South Amenia. From Poughkeepsie, by Salt Point, Hibernia, Stanfordsville, Pan1gall, Attlebury, Pine Plains, and Gallatinville, to Ancram. From Poughkeepsie, by Wappiug Falls, to Fishkill. From Prattsburgh, by Riker's Hollow, to North Cohocton. From Prattsville, by West Lexington, to Griffin's Corners. From Pultney to Prattsburgh. From Purdyc's Station, by Saleim Centre, and North Salem, to Ridgefield, in Connecticut. From Railroad, by Mill Plain, to Danbury. From Randolph, by Conewango, Leon, and New Albion, to Cattaraugus. From Randolph to Little Valley. From Rathboneville, by East Cameron, and South Hill, to Jasper. From Raymondsville, by Louisville, to Louisville Landing. F'rom Redford, by Harriss MIills, Union Falls, and Bloomningdale, to Saranac Lakes. Froml Rhinebeck, by Milaln, a1nd Pine Plains, to the. Ralilroad Depot in the towvn of TNorth East. 208 POST-ROADS. From Richmondville, by East WVorcester, Worcester, Schenevas, Maryland, and South Milford, to Oneonta. From Richland Station, by Orwell, to Molino. From IRichmondville, by Summit, Charlottesville, South Worcester, and East Davenport, to Dasvenport. From Rochester to Chili Centre. From Rochester, by Greece, West Greece, Parma, East Clarkson, Clarkson, Murray, East Gaines, Gaines, West Gaines, Oak Orchard, Ridgeway, Jeddo, Johnson's Creek, Harland, and Wright's Corners, to Lockport. From Rochester, by Hlandford's Landing, to Charlotte. From Rochester, by Handford's Landing, Greece, and West Greece, to North Greece. From Rochester, by Henrietta, Rush, West Rush, Avon, South Avon, Geneseo, Groveland Centre, Groveland, North Sparta, and Spart'a, to Dansville. From Rochester, by Scottsville, Wheatland, Mumford, Caledonia, Fowlerville, York, Greigsville, and Moscow, to Mount Morris. From Rochester, by Spencerport, Adams' Basin, Brockport, Holly, IHalburton, Hindsburgh, Albion, Eagle Harbor, Knowlesville, Medina, Shelby Basin, Middleport, l-eynale's Basin, Gasport, Oraungeport, Lockport, Pekin, and Suspension Bridge, to Niagara Falls. From Rockland, by Thunimasville, to:North Branch. ]From Rochester, by West Brighton, Henrietta, and Rush, to Honeoye Falls. From Rochester by West Webster, Webster, Ontario, Williamson, Sodus, Alton, Port Glasgow, and Huron, to Wolcotlt. From Rockland to Beaverkill. From lkockland, by Callicoon, Jeffersonville, and Pike Pond, to Fosterdale. From Rome, by Blossville, McConnellsville, Camden, West Camden, Williamstown,'Sand Bank, Kasoag, New Centreville, Salmon River, Richland, Mellen's Depot, Sandy Creek, Mansfield, Pierrepont, Mianor, Adams, Adams Centre, Appling, Watertown, Brownsville, Dexter, Limerick, Chaumont, and Three Mile Bay, to Cape Vincent. From Rome, by Lee, to Taberg. From Rome, by Lowell, Vernon, Vernon Centre, Knox Corners, Augnsta, and Bouckville, to Hamilton. From Rome, by Pine, McConnellsville, Camden, West Camden, Williamstown, Sand Bank, Kasoag, and Salmon River, to Richland. From Rome, by Stokes, West Branch, Ava, WVest Leyden, Constableville, Turin, Houseville, West Martinsburg, West Lowville, Harrisburg, Copenhagen, and Rutland, to Watertown. From Rome, by Westernville, North Western, and Hill Side, to Booneville. From Romulusville to Fayette. From Rondout, by Kingston, Hurley, Marbletown, Stone Ridge, Kyserike, Accord, Kerhonkson, Wawarsing, and Napanock, to Ellenville. From Rose, by Huron, to North Huronl. From Roslyn to Port Washington. From Rough and Ready, by head of Bennett's Creek, Slayter's, and Brookfield, in Pennsylvania, to Knoxville. From Rough and Ready, by West Union, Slayter's, in Troupsburg, and Brookfield, to Westfield, in Pennsylvania. From Rough and Ready, to White's Corners, in Pennsylvania. From Roxbury, by Batavia Kill, to Griffin's Corners. From Rural Hill, by Belleville, Ellisburg, and Woodville, back to Rural Hill. From Rural Hill, by Woodville, Ellisblurg, and Belleville, to Pierrepont. ]Frolm Rushville, by Reed's Corner's. to Canandaigua. From Rnssell, by Monterey, and Clifton Iron-Works, to Harewoodo IN THEI STATE OF WNEW YORK. 209 From Russia, by Postville, in Ohio, and Wilmot, to Morehouseville. From Sackett's Harbor, by Pillar Point, to Point Peninrsula. From Sackett's Harbor, by Smithville, Henders8on, Rtoberts' Corners, and Belleville, to Pierrepont Manor. From Sageville, by Lake Pleasant, Gillan, Wells, lHope Centre, and Hope, to Northville.!From St. Armand, by Franllin Falls, to Hamilton. From Saint Johnsville, by Crum Creek, Oppenhiem, and Lotville, to Whitesburgh. From Salubria, by Hector Landing, North 1Hector, Big Stream Point, Starkey, Lodi, Ovid, and West Dresden, to Geneva. From Saratoga Springs, by Greenfield Centre, North Greenfield, South Corinth, Corinth, and Hadley, to Luzerne. From Saratoga Springs, by Wilton, Gansevoort,, South Glen Falls, M3oreau Station, Fort Edward, Smith's Basin, Fort Ann, Comstock"s Landing, Whitehall, Low Hampton, Fair Haven, in Vermont, and Ilydeville, to Castleton. From Saugerties to Hunter Village. From Saugerties, by VWoodstock, to Bearsville. From Savona, by Bradford, Tyrone, Altay, North Reading, and Readirng Centre, to Rock Stream. From Schagticoke, by Easton, North Easton, Coila, Greenwich, North Greenwich, South Argyle, and Argyle, to Fort Edward. From Schenectady, by East Glenville, Charltonn, Glenville, and West Charlton, to Galway. From Schenectady, by Hoffman's Ferry, Cranesville, Amsterdam, Tribe's Hill, Fonda, Canaijoharie, Palatine Bridge, Fort Plain, Palatine, Saint Johnsville, Manhein, Little Falls, Herkimer, East Schuyler, and West Schuyler, to Utica. From Schenectady, by Rexford Flats, Burnt Eills, and Ballston Centre, to Ballston. From Schenectady, by Rotterdam, Princetown, Duanesburg, Quaker Street, Schoharie, Middleburg, Franklinton, Livingstonville, Preston Hollow, and Cooksburg, to Durham. Fom Schenectady, by Rynex's Corners, to Marionville. lFrom Schroon Lake, by Schroon River, North Hudson, New Russia, Elizabethtown, and Lewis, to Keeseville. From Schroon River, by Adirondac, to Long Lake. From Schenevus, by Fergusonville, Davenport, and West Kortright, to Bloomville. From Schuyler's Lake, by Exeter, to West Exeter. From Scio to Bolivar. From Scott, by Sempronius. and Dresserville, to Moravia. From Scriba, by South Scriba, and North Volney, to Vermilion. From Seneca Falls, by Canoga, East Varick, and Fayette, to Romulus. From Sherburne, by Columbus, New Berlin, and Oneonta, to Albany. From Shokan, by Olive Bridge, and Sampsonville, to Kerhonkson. From Shushan to East Salem. From Silver Creek, by Forrestville, and Charlotte Centre, to Gerry. From Silver Creek, by Forrestville, Hamlet, Villa:Nova, Cherry Creek, and Clear Creek, to Ellington. From Sinclairville to Charlotte Centre. From Sinclairville, by Ellington, to Falconer. From Sing Sing to Pleasantville Depot. From Skaneateles JuLnctionr, by Mottville, to Skaneateles. From Skaneateles, by South Marcellus, Marieita, Amber, Otisco, Vesper, Tully, and Apulia, to Fabius. From Smithlboro', by Halsey Valley, Spencer, and West Danby, to Ithaca. From Smyrna, by Otselic to Pitcher. From Smyrna to Pitcher. From $myrna, by Sherburne, Columbus, and New Berlin, to Oneonta. n S Im —14 210 POST-iLOADS. From South Bristol, by Bristol Springs, to Naples. From South Byron, by BIron, Clarencon, Holly,,and Murray, to IE-Fi burton. From South Ed wards to Fine. From South New Berlin to Morris. From South Onondaga, by Otisco, to Vesper. From South Petersburg to Berlin. F1'rom South Valley to East Worcester. From Spencerport, by Parma, and Parmta Centre, to North Parma. From Springbrook, by East Elma, and {Manilla, to Williston. From Springfield, by Sardinia, and Yorkshire, to Arcade. From Staly Hill to Staly Hollow. From Stockholm Depot, by Stockholm, to Stockholm Centre. From Stockholm Station, by Stockholm, and Southville, to Parishville. From Stockton, by Gerry, to Charlotte Centre. From Suffern's, by Spring Valley, Monsey, Nannet, and Blauveltville, to Piermont. From Sufiolk Court-House, by Baiting Hollow, to WVading River. From Suffolk Court-House, by Flanders, to Good Ground. From Suffolk Court-House, by Quogue, to Speouk. From Suffolk Station, by Smithtown, Smithtown Branch, and Stony Brook, to Setauket. From Suspension Bridge to Detroit. From Susquehanna Depot, in Pennsylvania, by Lanesboro', WTindsor, Susquehanina, Centre Village, Harpersville, Ninevah, South Bainbridge, Baii bridge, Sidney Plains, Unadilla, and Otega, to Oneonta. From Syracuse, by Baldwinsville, Lamson's, Fultonl South Gralby, and Oswego Falls, to Oswego. From Syracuse, by De Witt;, Fayetteville, Manlius, Oran, and Delphi, to De Ruuyter. From Syracuse to Euclid. From Syracuse, by Fairmiount, Geddes, and Belle-Isle, to Van Buren. F'lom Syracuse, by Geddes, Camillus, Marcellus, Marcellus Falls, Auburn, Cayuga, Seneea Falls, Waterloo, Geneva, Oak's Corners, Phelps, Clifton Springs, Manchester Centre, Chapinville, Caunandaigua, Victor, Pittsford, and Brighton, to Rochester. From Syracuse, by Jamesville, Pompey, Fabius, Keeney's Settlement, and Cuyler, to Truxton. From Syracuse, by Messina Springs, and Collamer, to Bridgeport. From Syracuse, by Onondaga Castle, Cardiff, Tully Valley, and Homer, to Cortland Village. From Syracuse, by Onondaga Valley, South Onondaga, and Navarino, to Amber. From Syracuse, by Salina, Liverpool, Clay, Three River Points, and Phlenix, to Lamson's. From Syracuse, by Salina, Plank Road, Cicero, Brewerton, Central Square, Hastings Centre, Hastings, Collosse, Union Square, South Richland, and Richland, to Sandy Creek. From Tarrytown to White Plains. From Three Mile Bay to Point Peninsula. From. Ticonderoga, by Putsville, Schroon Lake, and Woodwardsville, to Minerva. From Tivoli to Elizaville. From Tivoli, by Upper Red Hook, and Clermont, to Livingston. From Tompkinsville, by Stapleton, Richmond, Marshland, South Side, Rossville, Lemon Creek, and Richmond Valley, to Tottenville. From Tonawanda, by Collin7s Centre, and Newton's Corners, to Springarille. From Trentonu, by Holland Patent, Stillville, and Floyd, to Utica. From Troy, by Eagle Mills, Grafton, and Elast Gratton, to Petersburg. IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 211 From Troy to East Albany. From Troy, by Ha.ynesville, PRaymertown, Pittstown, Potter Hill, and Hloosick, to North Hoosick Depot. From Troy, by Niskayuna, Watervliet Centre, and Rexford Flats, to Schenectady. From Troy, by Poestenkill, East Poestenlkill, West Berlin, Berlin Centre, Berlin, South Berlin, North Stephentown, Stephentown, and South Stephentown, to New Lebanon. From Troy, by Waterford, Mechanicsville, Maltaville, IMa~lta, East Line, and Ballston, to Saratoga Springs. From Troy, by ~Nynant's Kitl, West Sand Lake, Sand Lake, Alps, West Stephentown, Stephentown, Hancock, in Massachusetts, and Lanesboro', to Pittsfield. From Trumansburg, by Searsburg, and Stealmburg, to North Hector. From Truxton, by Chenango, South Cuyler, and Taylor Centre, to Taylor. From Unadilla to Oxford. From Unadilla, by Sidney, Franklin, Croton, and West Meredith, to Delhi. From Unadilla, by Sidney, Tompkins, and Masonville, to Cannonsville. From Union, to Friendsville, in Pennsylvania. From Union, by Union Centre, and Maine, to Nanticoke Springs. From Union, by Vestal, and Ferry Creek, to Little Meadows, in Pennsylvania. From Union Society, by Bagley's Four Corners, Big Hollow, and East Kill, to East Jewett. From Unionville, by Clove, in New Jersey, to Deckertown. From Upper Red Hook, by Elizaville, Jackson's Corners, Pine Plains, and Pulver's Corners, to North East. From Urbana, by North Urbana, Kanona, Wayne, and Dundee, to North Starkey. From Urbana, by South Pultney, and Pultney, to Branchport. From Utica, by Clinton, Oriskany Falls, Solsville, Bouckville, Eaton, West Eaton, Georgetown, Otselic, South Otselic and North Piteher, to Pitcher. From Utica, by Deerfield, North Gage, and Groversville, to Russia. From Utica, by Frankfort Hill, Cedar Lake, North Winfield, West Winfield, East Plainfield, West Exeter, Burlington Flats, West Burlington, Garratsville, and New Lisbon, to Morris. From Utica, by Frankfort Hill, Litchfield, Cedarville, Columbia, South Columbia, and Richfield, to Richfield Springs. From Utica, by Kirkland, Lairdsville, Vernon, Oneida Castle, and Oneida Depot, to Vernon. From UJtica, by New Hartford, Clinton, Deansville, Oriskany Falls, Madison, Solsville, Bouckville, Hamilton, Earlville, Sherburne, and North Norwich, to Norwich. From Utica, by New Hartford, Paris, Waterville, Sangersville, North Brookfield, East Hamilton, Pooleville, and Earlville, to Smyrna. From Utida, by New York Mills, Walesville, and Manchester, to Westmoreltand. From Utica, by South Trenton, Trenton, Remsen, Alder Creek, Booneville, Leyden, Turin, Houseville, Martinsburg, Loweville, Stowe's Square, Denmark, and Rutlanld, to Watertown. From Utica, by Washington Mills, Sauquoit, Clayville, Cassville, North Bridgewater, Bridgewater, Leonardsville, West Edmeston, South Edmeston, New Berlin, Morris, West Laurens, and West Oneonta, to Oneonta. Fromr Waddington to Madrid Dep-ot. From Walden, by Shawagunk, Galeville Mills, and -ew Huurley to Modena. From Walton to lDownsville. 2112 POST-IZOAL)S. From Walton, by Franklin, and North Franklin, to Oneonta. From Walton, by New Road, Sidney Centre, Unadilla, Unadilla Centre, and Butternuts, to Morris. From Walton, by Northampton, to Croton. From Warrensburg to Athol. From WaTrsaw, by Weathersfield Springs, Hiermitage, Weathersfield, East Java, Java, Java Village, and Strykersville to Wales. From Waterboro to Clyde. From Waterford, by Half-Moon, Crescent, and Clifton, to Jonesville. From Waterloo, by Rose Hill, West Fayette, Varick, Ronmulus, Romulus Centre, Ovid, Lodi, Farmer, Covert, Trumansburg, and Jacksonville, to Ithaca. From Watertown, by Black River, Felt's Mills, Great Bend, Sterlingville, Cogland, Antwerp, Somerville, Gouverneur, Richville, De Kalb, Blink Bonny, and Heuvelton, to Ogdensburg. From VWatertown, by Brownsville, Perch River, Stone Mills, and La Fargeville, to Clayton. From Watertown, by East Houndsfield, to Sackett's Harbor. From Watertown, by Sanford's Corners, Evans Mills, WhitneySs Corners, Bentley's Corners, Oxbow, Rossie, Hammond, Grier Hill, and Morristown, to Ogdensburg. From. Watertown, by Stowell's Corners, and North Adams, to Smithville. From Waterville, by Sangerville, Madison, Bouckville, Pine Woods, Morrisville, Nelson, Cazenovia, Oran, Manlius, Fayetteville, and De Witt, to Syracuse. From Waverly Station, by Selden, and Mount Sinia, to Miller's Place. From Wawarsing, by Lackawack, to Grahamsville. From Wayland Depot, by Dansville, Ossian, and East Hill, to Nunda. From Weedsport, by Seneca River, Cato, Meridian, Ira, Hannibal Centre, Hannibal, and Kinney's Four Corners, to Oswego. From Wellsburg, to Orcutt Creek, in Pennsylvania. From Wellsville, by Hallsport, Whitesville, Spring Mills, Bingham, in Pennsylvania, White's Corners, Harrison Valley, Westfield, Knoxville, Elkland, and Nelson, to Lawrenceville. From West Addison, by Rising's and Depeuls, to Bath. From West Almond to Almond. From West Batavia, by East Pembroke, Newstead, Clarence, Harris Hill, Williamsville, and Buffalo Plains, to Buffalo. From West Chazy, by Chazy, to Champlain. From West Chazy, by Sciota, to More's. From West Falls, by Colden, Glenwood, and East Concord, to Springville. From Westfield, by Volusia, Sherman, Centre Sherman, and Clymer, to Columbus, in Pennsylvania. From West Fort Ann, by Griswold's Mills, Potter's Mills, and Queensbury, to Glen's Falls. From West Hurley to Woodstock. From West Point to Cold Spring. From Westport to Elizabethtown. From West Sand Lake, by South Sand Lake, and North Nassau, to Hodge Corners. From Wvest Shandaken, by Gavet, Gant's Mills, and Turnwood, to Shin Creek. From White's Corners, by East Eden, Clarksburg, and Marshfield, to Collin's Centre. From Whitehall, by Benson's Landing, in Vermont, Putnam, Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Moira, Port Henry, Westport, Wladham Mills Whalonsburg, Essex, and Willsboro, to Keeseville. From Whitehall, by Hampton, and West Poultney, to East PoUltney. From TWhitehall, by Orwell,il Yerlmont, Ticonderoga, Larabee's Point, in Vermont, Crown Point, Bridport, in Vermont, Fort Henry, Westport, IN THE STATE OF NORlTH CAROLINA. 213 Essex, Burlington, in Vermont, Port Kent, Plattsburg, and Chazy, to Rouse's Point. From VlWhitney's Corners, by Theresa, Redwood, Plesis, and Alexandria Centre, to Alexandria. From Whitney's Point, by Lamb's Corners, and Ketchumville, to Newark Valley. Fromn Willsborough to Willsborough Point. From Windham Centre to Jewett. From Wolcott, by Butler, South Butler, Savannah, Cruso, Montezuma, and Fosterville, to Auburn. From Woodhull, by East Troupsburg, to Troupsbnrg Centre. From Wurtsboro' by Mamakating, Phillipsport, and Homowack, to Ellenville. From Wyoming, by Middleburg, and Bethany, to Batavia. IN THE STATE O:F NORTH CAROLINA. North Carolina. From Albemarle, by Efird's Mills, Morgan's Mills, Love's Level, and 3 Aug., 1854, c. Garman's Mills, to Clear Creek. 230, v. 10, pp. 423From Albemarle to Swift Island. 431. From Allemance to Monticello, by Summer's Mills. 211, v. 1, p. 707. From Ashboro, by Cedar Falls, Frankinsville, Reed Creek, and Lonlg's 3 March, 1857, c. Mill, to Graham. 109, v. 11, p. 232. From Ashborough, by Moffit's Mills, Waddel's Ferry, and Brown's 14 June, 1858, c. Mills, to Prosperity. 162,. 11, p 355, From Ashborough, by Pretorsville, Cox's DMIills, Bame's Creek, and 27 Feb., 1861, c. B1arley's Hill, to Troy. 57, v. 12, pp. 162, From Ashborough, by Science Hill, Hill's Store, Salem Church, and 163. Lassiter's Mills, to Troy. 1912 March, v. 14 867, 554. From Asheville, by Bull Creek, Riem's Creek, and Ivy Gap, to Dem- 30March, 1868, c. ocrat. 35, v. 15, p. 52. From Asheville, by Burnsville, Bakersville, Boone, and Jefferson, to 25 July, 1868, c. S~par'ta. 3 March, 1869, c. From Asheville, by Flat Creek, Gilbert's, Bull Creek, Indian Gap, 131, v. 15, p. 331. Double Springs, Gahagen's, Big Laurel, Sulphur Springs, in Tennessee, 10 April, 1869, c. and Love's, to Limestone Springs, in Tennessee. 30, v. 16, P. 49. From Asheville, by Sulphur Springs, Avery's Creek, Mill River, 22,, v. 6, p. 73. Boilston, Claytonville, and Davidson's River, to Cathey's Creek. 14 July, 1870, c. From Asheville, by Sulphur Springs, Hominy Creek, Pigeon River, 273, v. 16, pp. 287, Forks of Pigeon, Waynesville, Peru, Scott's Creek, Franklin, Aquona 288. Aqoa 28 Feb., 1871, c. Head, in Tennessee, Clayton, Valleytown, and Tomotla, to Murphey, in 101, v. 16, p. 465. Georgia. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Asheville, by Turkey Creekl Sandy Mush, Spring Creek, Fine's 6, v. 17, p. 26. Creek, Crab Tree, and Jonathan's Creek, to Waypesville. 1594 May,. 17, 112. From Atlantic and North Carolina Railroad to Adams' Creek. 10 June, 1872, c. From Averysboro', by Pleasant Plains, and McNiel's Ferry, to Sum- 427, v. 17, p. 386. mrerville. 3 March, 1873, c.:From Barclayville, by Lee's Ferry, to Summerville. 255, v. 17, p. 593. From Beattie's Ford, by Dry Ponds, Mountainl Creek, and Lawrence's Mills, to Bunker Hill. From Beattie7s Ford, by Sherrill's Ford, and Lawrence's Mills, to Bunker Hill. From Beaufort to Jarrett's Bav. From Beaufort to Portsmouth. From Beaufort to Smyrna. From Black River Chapel to Kelley's Cove. From Blairville, in Georgia, by Mount Elia, Brasstown, Fort Hermbree, and Tusquitee, to A cquone. From Boone to Bowlilnlg Rock. From Borea to Oalk Hill. From Bowers Miills, by RocGk Bridge, Allen's Store, and Caledonia, to Curriersville. 214 POST ROADS. From Branch to Hayward. From Brattleboro' to Prospect Hill. From Brier Creek, by Hay Meadow, and Mulberry, to Laurel Springs. From Brinkleyville to Arcola. From Brookville, by Wilton, Tranquility, Fish Dam, West Point, Prattsburg, and Trace's Store, to Chapel Hill. From Brown's Summit to Company Mills. From Burgaw 1Depot, or some other point on railroad, to Bennerman's. From Burgaw Depot, by Long Creek, Beatty's Bridge, and Black River Chapel, to Harrell's Store. From Burnsville, by Crab-Tree, Blue Ridge, Turkey Cove, and Thomas' Creek, to Marion. From Burnsville by Day Book, to Longmires, in Tennessee. From Burnsville, by Jack's Creek, Red Hill, Big IRtock Creek, and Limestone Cave, to Elizabethtown, in Tennessee. From Burnsville to Johnson Depot, in Tennessee. From Burnsville to Marshall. From Burnsyille to Pensacola. From Burnsville, by Pleasant Gardens, to Marion. From Carthage, by Peln, to Centre. From Casher's Valley, to Clayton, in Georgia. From Catawba Station, by Yount's Mills, Cline's Store, White Sulphur Springs, and Hickory Tavern, to Jefferson. From Catawba Vale, by Crooked Creek, Stone Mountain, Bear Wallow, and Blue Ridge, to Hendersonville. From Cathey's Creek, by Cherryfield, iEogback Valley, and Georgetown, to Casher's Valley. From Cedar Creek, to Joy, by White Rock, and Big Laurel. From Chapel Hill, by Fearington's Mills, Asa Bigbee's Store, Thomas ]B. Farren's, and Manly Snipe's, to White Cross. From Charlotte, by Alexandria, Davidson College, Mount Mourne, and Fallstown, to Statesville. From Charlotte, by Martindale, Hiopewell, Cowan's Ford, Adam's Store, Forney's, and Cottage Home, to Beattie's Ford. From Charlotte, by Sharon, Hemphill's Store, Providence, Wolfsville, and Winchester, to Monroe Court-House. From Charlotte, by Pineville, Pleasant Valley, Belair, Cureton's Store, Lancaster Court-House, in South Carolina, Pleasant Hill, Hanging Rock, and Flat Rock, to Campton. From Charlotte, by Steele Creek, South Point, Stowesville, Erasmus, Catawba Creek, Dallas, and Nail Factory, to Lincolnton. From Charlotte, by Tuckasaga, and Woodlawn, to Lincolnton. From Cheraw, in $outh Carolina, by Stewartstown, Rockingham, Dockery's Store, Covington, Powellton, Pekin, and MIcRae's Mill, to Troy. From Cherryfield, by Toxaway, Cain Creek, and Estaloe, to Niger Trail. From Cherryfield to Webster. From Cherryville to Ashville. From Childsville to Boone. From Clear Creek to Albemarle, by Rowlandsville. From Clinton to George Robinson's. From Clinton, by Gibb's Cross-Roads, Holly's Store, and Beman's Cross-Roads, to McNeil's Ferry. From Clinton, by Pine Grove, Monk's Store, Newton's Grove, and ]Draughan's Store, to McNeil's Ferry. From Clinton, by Taylor's Bridge, to Howell's Store Fromu Columbia to Fort Landing. From Columb3ia to Gun Necik.:From Company Shops to Lenox Castle. From Concord, to Bost's Mills, bly Mount Pleasant. IN THE STATE OF NORTH CAROL TA. 215 From Concord, to Coddle Creek, by Mill Hill. From Concord, by Kirkland, Welch's Mills, Pioneer iMills, Morrison1's Tan Yard, Clear Creek, Coburn's Store, Fullwood's Store Oakville, Mgonroe Court-House, Walkersville, and Jacksonham, to Lancaster Court-flouse, in South Carolina. From Concord, by Oak Lawn, Park's.Store, and Davidson College, to Coddle Creek. From Creed's Bridge to Knott's Island. From Currituck Court-House, by Coinjock, and Poplar Branch, to Powell's Point. From Cypress Grove Post-Office, by Long Creek, Beatty's Bridge, and Black River Chapel, to HEarrel's Store. From Danbury, bIy Park's House, to Tom's Creek. 3From Dobson to Mount Airy. From Dobson, to Nuckollsville, in Virginia. From Durham's Creek, by South Creek, to Bay River. From Durham's Depot, by Simm's Mill, Douglass, and Webb's Factory, Round Hill, Dial's, and Creek Cross-Roads near Red Mountain, to South Lowell. From Eagle Rock to Earpsboro'. From Eagle Rock to Newton. From Eagle Rock to Wilson. Froin Edenton, by Ballard's Bridge, Mintonsville, Sunbury, Gatesville, Buckland, Soinerton, Holy Neck, and Factory Hill, to South Qunay. From Edenton, by Hertford, Woodville, Elizabeth City, New Lebanon, South Mills, Lake Drummond, and Deep Creek, to Norfolk. From Elizabeth City, by Newbegun Creek, back to Elizabeth City. From Elizabeth City, to Norfolk, by Camden, Shiloh, Indiantown, Cowell's Bridge, Currituck Court-House, Greentown, Tull's Creek, Northwestern Bridge, Hickory Ground, and Great Bridge.:From Elizabeth City to Roanoke. From Elizabethtown, by Big Swamp, Fair Bluff, Cerro Gordo, White MIarsh, Whitesville, and Western Prong, to Elizabethtown. From Elizabethtown to Clinton. From Everettsville, by Whitefield's Mills, Sleepy Creek, and Jericho, to Strabane. From Enfield, by Heathsville, Bunkleysville, Ringwood, and Sycamore Alley, to Enfield. From Enfield, by Scotland Neck, Palmyra, Hamilton, Williamston, and Gardner's Bridge, to Plymouth. From Fair Bluff, by Conwayboro', to Bucksville, and Georgetown, in South Carolina. From Fairfield, by Middletown, Lake Landing, and Lake Comfort, to Swan Quarter. From Farmer7s Turnout to Supply. From Fayetteville, by Blen's Bridge, McDonald's Mill, Bastuck Mills, Rock Grove, Covington, Powelton, Pekin, Little Mills, Pine Hill, Dumas' Store, in lRichmond, Swift Island, Charles Creek, Mount Gilead, McCoe's Mills, Troy, Montgomery Court-tHouse, Milledgeville, Macedonia, Clark's Miills, New Gilead, and Salem Grove, to Argyle. From Fayetteville, on the east side of Cape Fear River, by Blocker's, to Elizabethtown. From Fayetteville, by Dundarrach, Randallsville, Montpelier, Laurel Hill, Springfieldl, and Brightsville, to Cheraw, in South Carolina. From Fayetteville to Elizabethtown, by Terebinthe, Blocker's, Deseret, and White Oak. ~ From Fayetteville, by Gray's Creek, Prospect Hall, Lyon's Landing, Elizabethtowr, White's Creek, and West Brook, to Robinson's. From Fayetteville to Kingsbury. Froln Fayetteville, by Iyle's Landing, Hill7s Ferryj McNeil's Ferry, KLiugsburg, and Elevation, to Smithfield. 216 POST-ROADS. From Fayetteville, by Little Rock Fish, Saint Paul's Lumberton~ and Ileesville, to Fair Bluff. From Fayettevilie, by Owensville, Clinton, and Springfield, to Warsaw. From Fayetteville, by Salem Grove, New Gilead, Clark's Mills, Macedonia, and Troy, to Swift Island. From Fayetteville, by Silver Run, Manehester, Johnsonville, Crain's Creek, Carthage, Caledonia, Auman's Hill, Stone Lick, White-House, Hill's Store, Salem Church, Healing Springs, and Silver Hill, to Lexington. From Forestville, by New Light, Brookville, and Tab's Creek, to Oxford. From Forestville to Rollesville. From Fort Montgomery, to Rocky Point, in Tennessee. From Franklin, by Aquone, Valleytown, Dawsville, Tomotla, Murphy Court-House, and Ivy Log, to Blairsville, in Georgia. From Franklin, to Chilbowee, by Cowe, Dehart's Creek, and Alarlka. From Franklin, to Claiksville, in Georgia, by Tennessee River, Clayton, and Tiger. From Franklin Depot, by South Quay, Winton, and Edenton, to Plymouth. From Franklinville, by Richland Creek, to Stonle Lick. From Franklinville to Troy's Store. From Franklinton, by Harris' Cross-Roads, to Hall's Cross-Roads. From Franklinton, by Wilton, Brookville, Tally Ho, Dial's Creek, Red Mountain, and Caldwell, to Hillsboro. From Gap Civil, by A. B. MeMillan's, Flint Hill, Laurel Spring, and Peakland, to Ashe Court-House. From Garner's Ford, by Pierceville, to Shelby. From Garysburg, by Jackson, Rich Square, Roxobel, Lewiston, and Windsor, to Plymouth. From Gibsonville to Summer's Mills. From Gilchrist's Bridge to Blue's Bridge. Fromn Globe to Blowing Rock. From Goldsborough to Jericho. From Good Springs, by Auman's Hill, and Matamnoras, to Troy. From Gourd Vine, by Morgan's Mills, and Love's Level, to Clear Creek. From Graves, by Mayfield, Oregon, and Dan River, to Leaksville. From Grassy Creek, by Childsville, Yellow Mountain, Cranberry Forge, Roan Mountain, in Tennessee, ahd Dog River Cove, to Elizabethtown, in Tennessee. From Gravelly Hill, to Beatty's Bridge, and Colly-Swairip, to Cainetfuck. From Greensborough, by Fentriss, Centre, and New Salem, to Ashborough. From Greensborough, by Gilmer's Store, Shaw's Mills, Brick Church, Holt's Store, Hartshorn, Rockl Creek, Snow Camp, Sandy Grove, Mudlick, Cane Creek, Hadley's Mills, and Rock Rest, to Pittsborough. From Greensborough, by Hillsdale, Monroeton, Troublesome, Reidsville, Rawlingsburg, and Graves, to Danville. From Greensborough, by Jamestown, Pennfield, Brummrel's and Rich Fork, to Lexington. From Greensborough, to Madison, by Hillsdale, and Pleasantville. From Greensborough, by Monticello, Thobmsonville, Lenox Castle, Slade's, Locust Hill, and Yanceyville, to Milton. From Greensborough, by New Garden, Friendsbip, Jamestown, Kernersville, Limestone-Well, Rich Fork, Salem, Midway, M~artin, and Lexington, to Salisbury. From Greenville to Hamrnilton, by Ward's Store. From Greenville to Hookerton, by Coxville, Johnson's Mills, and IRidge $Spring. From Greenlville, by Hookerton, and Snow Hill, to Goldsborough. IN THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA. 217 From Greenville, by Jones' Gap, and Davidson's River, to Werdersonville. From EHamptonville, by Lovelace, to Wilksboro'. From Hamptonville, by Zion, New Hope, Mount Pizgah, and Liberty tHill, to Statesville. From Haywood, by Miartha's Vineyard, Chalk Level, Northington, and Summerville, to McNeil's Ferry. From Haywood, by Trade's EHill, Hackney's Cross-Roads, arnd Grove, to Green Level. From Head of Bay River, to James, Potter's, on Goose Creek Island. From Henderson, by Oxford, Berea, Roxborough, Leasburg, 3Moore's Store, Milton, Laurel Grove, and Ringgold, in Virginia, to Danville, in Virginia. From Henderson to Williamlsborough. From Hendersonville to Buncombe. From Hendersonville, by James Davis9, on Big Wilton, TIhomas Asteen's, on Crab Creek, Mirijah Thomas', on Little River, and Caesar's Head, to Pumpkintown, in South Carolina. From Hendersonville, by John Evan's, Solomon Whitaker's, and Jesse Irael's, to Curtis. From Hickory Tavern, by Dudley's Shoals, Brusley Mountain, and Warrior Creek, to Wilksborough. From:Hillsborough, by Cedar Grove, WTalnut Grove, Prospect Hill, and Gordontown, to Leasburg. From Hillsborough, by Hlawfield, Mount Willing, Meadow-Creek, and MeDaniel's, to Rock Creek. From Hillsborough to Seabnrg. From Hillsborough, by Walnut Grove, and Van Hook's Store, to Roxborough. From Hillsdale to Greensborough. From Hillsdale, by Summerfield, and Oak Ridge, to Berlin. From Holley's Wharf, on the Chowan River, to Ballard's Bridge. From Hookerton, by Johnston's -Mills and Coxville, to Greenville. From Hookerton, by Snow Hill, to Kingston. From Huntsville, by Red Plains, East Bend, Forbush, Republic, Doweltown, and Mount Nebo, to Rockford. From Ivy, by Clay, Flag Pond, and Indian Creek, to Longmire's, in TeInnessee. From Ivy, by Gabriel's Creek, Bull Creek, Walnut Creek, and Brush Creek, to Warm Springs. From Jackson to Newbern. From Jamestown, by Hunt's Store, Normal College, Thomasville, Fair Grove, LaGrange, New Market, New Salem, Sandy Creek, Troy's Store, Long's Mills, Patterson's Store, Snow Camp, Clover Orchard, Lindley's Store, Clover Garden, Bethmont, and Rocky Spring, to Hillsborougll. From Jamestown, by Westminster, and Deep River, to Abbott's Creeks. From Jefferson, to John Eldridge's, in Ashe County. From Jefferson to Gap Creek. From Jefferson to Richard Gentry's, on New River. From Jefferson, by Hilton, ancid Manley, to Big Meadow. From Jefferson, by North Fork, Taylorsville, in Tennessee, Pandora, Dugger's Ferry, Elizabethtown, Happy Valley, and Blue Plum, to Jonesboro', in Tennessee. From Jonesborough, by Harrington, Norvell, and Sunmmerville, to Harnett Court-House. From Johnsonville, by Harrington, Long Street, Rollin's Store, Bryan's Store, and Packet, to Johnsonville. FLrom Jonesville, to Judesville, by State Roads. From Kenansville to Kingston. From KeySesville, by Wyliesburg, Christianvrille, Red Oak Grove, Oaklley, Clarksville, lWhite House, Black W;alnut, OmeItga, Hyco, Cunningha.m, and Milton, to Yaneeyville. 218 PCOST-ROADS. From Kingston, by Fountain Hill, to Ridge Spring. From Kinston to Richlands. From Kinston, by Sandy Foundation, Pink Hill, and Buena Vista, to Hallasville. From Kinston to Trenton. From Laurel Hill to Rockingham. From Laurel Hill, by Stewartsville, to Gilopolis. From Laurel. Valley, to Hiawassee Copper lines, in Tennessee. From Leechburg to Raleigh. From Leaksville, by Martin Grogan's, and Groganville, to Horse Pasture. From Leakesville, to Penn's Store, in Virginia. From Leechville to Head of Pungo. From Leasburg, by Howe and Smith's Store, and Gravel Hill, to Parker's Store. From Leesville, by MIarysville, Gaddysville, Sugar Hill, in South Carolina, and Temperance Hill, to Marion Court-House. From Lenoire Court-House, by Deal's Mills, and Little River, to Taylorsville. From Lenoire Court-House, by Lovelady, Catawba View, and Wittenberg, to Taylorsville. From Lexington, by Fair Grove. Eden, Hoover's Hill, and Sawyersville, to Ashborough. From Lexington to Milledgeville. From Lexington, by Walser's Miills, Fulton, Mocksville, County Line, and Oak Forest, to Statesville. From Lilesville, by Hailey's Ferry, to Rockingham. From Lincoluton, by Killan's Mills, Early Grove, Newton Court-House, Flint Rock, and Fisher's, to Catawba View. From Lincolnton, by Nail Factory, Dallas, Catawba Creek, Crowder's Creek, Bethel, in South Carolina, and New Centre, to'Yorkville, in South Carolina. From Lincolnton, by Siegel's Store, Jacob's Fork; and Mull Grove, to Morganton. From Little Rock Fish, by Lumber Bridge, to Philadelphuns. From Littleton, by Grove Hill, and Arcola, to Ransom's Bridge. From Lumberton, by Philadelphus, Gilopolis, Stewartsville, Cowper Hill, Queensdale, Alfordsville, and Clay Valley, to Lumberton. From Lumberton, by Smith's Bridge, and H[owell-sville, to Prospect lHall. From Madison, by Ayresville, Crooked Creek, Peter's Creek, Colesville, Francisco, and Big Creek, to Mount Airy. From Madison to Martin's Lime Kiln. From'iadison, by Wm. Ward's, MIartin's Lime Kiln, Danbury, Piedmont Springs, and the Cascade, to Wytheville, in Virginia. From Manchester, on the Fayetteville and Salisbury route, by Murchison's Mills, and Morrison's Mills, to Carthage. From WManteo to Cape Hatteras. Froln Marion, by Black Mountain, Stone Mountain, and Edneyville, to Hendersonville. From Marion, to Rutherfordton, by Sugar Hill, and Cedar Creek. From Marshall, to Haysville, in Tennessee. From Marshall to Stocksville. From Mason Hall, by Pleasant Grove, Big Falls, Faucett's Store, Mooresville, Hudson's, Anderson's Store, and High Towers, to Leasburg. From. Merrick's Creek, by Harrison's Creek, to Topsail Sound. From Middleton to Cape Hatteras. From IMXidway, by Sandy RIidge, to Fulton. From Milton to Mioore's Store. From Mitchenor Station to Smithfield. From MIonIIroe Court-House to Jefferson. IN THE S.TATE OF IORTH CAROLINA. 219 From Monroe Court-House, by Morgan's Mills, to Salisbury. From. Monroe Court-House, by Winchester, to Wolfsville. From Morganton, by Bridgewater, Marion, Old Fort, and Swannano, to Ashville. From Morganton, by Bundleton, Mountain Home, iMinersville, and Cuba, to Rutherfordton. From Morganton, 1y Linville River, North Cove, Grassy Creek, Bakersville, Ledger, Bald Creek, Ivy, Democrat, Stockville, and Reems Creek, to Ashville. From Morganton, by Perkinsville, Colletsville, Globe, Valley Crucis, Sugar Grove, Boone, Moretz Mill, and Elk Cross-Roads, to Jefferson. From Mosely Hall, by Hookerton, to Greenville. From Mosely Hall, by Jericho, to Strabane. From MIull's Store to Happy Home. From Mlount Airy, by Hay Stack, Scull Camp, and Judesville, to Gap Civil. From Mouth of Wilson, in Virginia, by Potato Creek, Gap Civil, and Elk Spur, to Trap Hill. From Murfreesboro' to Boylston Depot. From Murfreesboro', by Potecasi, Saint John, Roxobel, and Britton's Cross-Roads, to Scotland Neck. lFrom'Murphy, to Ellijay, by Nottla, tHot House, Edom, and Santa Lucah. From Nahunta to Bull Head. From Nahunta, by Lowell, Beulah, Saint Charles, and Creachville, to Eagle Rock. From Nashville to Peach-Tree Grove. From Newbern to Adam's Creek. From Newbern to Bay River. From Newbern, by Cravensville, and Smyrna, to Beaufort. From Newbern, by Goose Creek Mills, to Cherryville. From Newbern, by Kinston, and Mosely Hlall, to Goldsboro'. From Newport to Pettiford's Creek. From Newport, by Sanders' Store, and Pettiford, to Peletier's Mills. From Newton, by the Sulphur Springs, to Lenoir. From Niyoheh, through the valleys of ChCve, and TecoteC or Hanging Dog, to Murphy. From Oak Ridge to King's Store. From Ocracoke, by Hallaway, Casse, and Kennykeet, to Chicam acomico. From Onslow Court-House, by Piney Green, to Swansborough. From Oxford, by Tally Ho, Dutchville, Knap of Reeds, Stagville, South Lowell Mills, and Eno Mlills, to Hillsboro'. From Oxford, by Waterloo, Gregory's Mills, Sassafras Fork, Brownsville, and Young:s Cross-Roads, to Clarkesville. From Pittsborough, by Beaumont, Goldston, Brush Creek, Buffalo Ford, Moffit's Mills, Brower's Mills, and Gold Region, to Caledonia. From Pittsborough, by Pedlar's Hill, Gulf, Evan's Mills, Watson's Bridge, Centerville, and Flower Hill, to Carthage. From Plymouth, by Robinsville, to Tarboro'. From Plymouth, by Union, and Scuppernong, to Columbia CourtHouse. From Plymouth, by Washington, and Swift Creek Bridge, to Newbern. From Pollocksville to Hadnots. From Pollocksville, by Palo Alto, to Swansboro'. From Powell's Point, by Roanoke Island, to Nagg's Head. From Powell's Point to Shallow Bag Bay, on Roanoke Island. From Prosperity, by Pharr's Mills, to Carthage. Frlom Pungo Creekl to North Creelk. From Qunallatown, by Governor's Islalnd, Stikoih, l\Iarka, and Fort Montgomery, to Valleytown. From Quallatown, by Jonathan'7s Creek, to Waynesville. 220 POST-ROADS. From RIaleigh, by Auburn, Gulley's Store, Smithfield, and Boon Hill, to Goldsboro'. From Raleigh, by Barclaysville, Pleasant Plains, Averysboro', Kyle's Landing, and Mary's Garden, to Fayetteville. From Raleigh, by Eagle Rock, Wakefield, Stanhope, Sunny South, and Spring Hope, to Wilson. From Raleigh, by Holly Springs, Haywood, Adolph, Pittsborough, Saint Lawrence, Marleyes Mills, Red Creek, Franklinville, Cedar Falls, Ashborough, Carraway, Spencer, Silver Hill, Cotton Grove, and Jersey Settlement, to Salisbury. From Raleigh, by Kelvin Grove, Roger's Store, Fish Dam, Stagville, Red Mountain, Daniel's Mills, and Van Hook's Store, to Roxborough. From Raleigh, by Morrisville, Chapel Hill, Hillsborough, Green Spring, Alason Hall, Graham, and Allemance, to Greensborough. From Raleigh, by New Hill, Haywood, Oakland, Egypt, The Gulf, and Carbonton, to Carthage. From Raleigh, by Nuse, Forestville, Pacific, Franklinton, Kittrell, Henderson, Ridgeway, Macon Depot, Littleton, Spring Hill, and Gastonl, to Weldon. From Raleigh, to Roxborough, by Flemington, Stagville, Round Hill, Red Mountain, and Mount T'irzah. From Reed Creek, by Franklinville, Soapstone Mount, and Troy's Store, to Reed Creek. From Reed Creek to Pittsboro'. From Reed Creek, by John Pope's, Isaiah Cheek's, and John Brewer's, to Robert Goldstone's. From Reidsville, by Lawsonville, and Blaclkwell's, to Yanceyville. From Reidsville, by Wentworth, and Eagle Falls, to Leaksville. From Ridgeway, by Exchange, Laynersville, Clarksville, in Virginia, White House, and Hyco Falls, to Halifax Court-House. From Ridgeway to Hilliard's Store. From Ridgeway, by Nut Bush, Palmer's Springs, Saint Tammany, and Merry Mount, to Ridgeway. From River Side to Harrington. From Rock Creek, by Curtis's Mills, and Terrill's, to Graham. From Rockford, by Siloam, Stony Ridge, Old Richmond, Bletlhania, and Rural Hall, to Germantown. From Roclkford, by Walnut Lane, Jonesville, and Swan Pond, to Brier Creek. From Rocky Mount, by Hilliardston, Belford, and Louisburg, to Franklin. From Rocky Mount, by Tarborough, Sparta, Falkland, Greenville, and Pactolus, to Washington. From Rutherlordton, by Cooper's Gap, Mill's Gap, and Edneyville, to H endersonville. From Rutherfordton, by Logaun's Store, Duncan's Creek, Polkville, and Camp Call, to Garner's Ford. From Rlutherfordton to Marion, by Patton's Home, Goldlen Valley, 3Minersville, and Drysorville. -From Rutherfordton to Spartanburg, in South Carolina. From Rutherfordton, by White Oak, Sandy Plains, Earlsville, in South Carolina, Gowensville, Milburgh. Milfoibrd, and Palona, to Greenville Court-House, in South Carolina. From Salem to Clemmnonsville. From Salem, by Gerimantonwn, Walnut Cove, Madison, and Leaksville, to Danville, in Virginia. Fromr Salem to Jerusalenm. From Salem, by Mtuddy Creek, Panther Creek, Huntsville, Hfamptonville, Nen; Clstle, Brier Creek, Wilkiesboro', Church's Store, and South Fork, to Jefferson. From Salem, by Rough and Ready, to Germantown, Red Shoals, H Mam:rtin's Li me il oleille, and C Avo, to PaLtricik Court- ouse, i Vigi, ia. IN THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA. 221 From Salem, by Sedge's Garden, Germantown, Walnut Cove, Pine flail, Madison, Pleasantville, and Wentworth, to Reidsville. From Salem, by Walkerstown, WVThite Road, Blakely, Madison, Gorgansville, Ridgeway, in Virginia, and Traylorsville, to Martinsville, in Virginia. From Salem, by Winston, Oldtown, Bethany, Pilot MIountain, Tom's Creek, MIount Airy, Good Spur, in Virginia, Hillsville, Grayson, Salphur Springs, Cranberry Plains, and Jackson's Ferry, to Wytheville. From Salisbury, by China Grove, Coleman, Concord, Harrisburg, Charlotte, White Ha1ll, Rose Hill, and Vanaleburg, to Yorkville, in South Carolina. From Salisbury, by Cowansville, Statesville, Poplar Grove, Bunkerhill, Newton Court-House, and Drowning Creek, to Morganton. From Salisbury, by Miranda, Spring Grove, Deep Well, Mount MIourne, Beattie's Ford, Catawba Springs, Vesuvius Furnace, Lincolnton, Shelby Court-House, Fillmore, Mooresboro, Webb's Ford, Rutherfordton, Green Hill, Clhimney Rock, arind Fairview, to Ashville. From Salisbury, by Mocksville, Jonesville, Gap Civil, and Independence, in Virginia, to Wytheville. From Salisbury to Moonesville. From Salisbury, by Mount Vernon, iMoclksville, Smith's Grove, and Farmington, to Huntsville. From Salisbury, by Organ Church, to 5Mount Pleasant. From Salisbury, by Rockville, Gold Hill, Kendall's Store, Albemarle, Norwood, Cedar Hill, Carolina Female College, Wadesboro', Jones' Creek, and Morven, to Cheraw, in South Carolina. From Salisbury, by Woodleaf, Mount Vernon, New Institute, Far]eI's Store, Pricha-rd's Store, and Hunting Creek, to Wilkesborough. From Shawn's Cross-Roads to Mouth of Elk. From Shelby, by Brickettsville, Sandy Run, Grassy Pond, in South Carolina, and Allgood, to Spartanburgh Court-House, in South Carolina. From Shelby, by Mnuddy Forks, and Old Furnace, to Dallas. From Shelby, by Mull's Store, to Morganton. From Shelby, by Sloan's Store, and Zion Church, to Newton. From Shelby, by Swangstown, New House, in South Carolina, Antioch, and Clark's Fork. to Yorkville, in South Carolina. From Shepardsville to Hadnot's. From Shepardsville to Swansboro'. From Shocco Springs to Belford. From Shoe Heel, by Montpelier, to Edinboro' Medical College. From Shoe Heel to Nichols Depot. From Sill's Creek, by Harrell's Store, to Lisbon. From Smithfield to Hinant's Mills. From Sparta, to Independence, in Georgia. From Spring Garden, by Long Creek, Moore's Creek, Colvin's Creek, and Black River, to Beatty's Bridge. From Spruce Pine, by Childsville, Linnville Falls, Lovely Water, and Grandfather Mountain, to Valley Crucis. From Statesville, by Bethany Church, Maple Bottom, Houstonville, Hamptouville, Yadkinville, Mount Nebo, lRichmond Hill, Rockford, Dobson, Rush, Scullcamp, and Haystack, to Mount Airy. From Statesville, to Ealgle Mills, by Liberty Hill, Snow Creek, Post, Oak, New Institute, and Williamsburg, to Eagle Mills. From Statesville, by Fancy Hill, Stony Point, and Taylorsville, to Wilkesboro'. From Statesville, to Mount Ulla, by Amity Hill. From Statesville, by Taylorsville, and Lenoir, to Jonesboro', in Tennessee. From Stricliklancl's Depot, by Dresden, and Prescott, to Rockfish. From Strickland's Depot, to Kenansville, by Branch's Store: Outlaw's Bridge, Albertson's, Resaca, Pinklll Hill, ancl BueIlna Vista. 222 POST-ROADS. From Strickland's Depot, by Kenansville, Hallsville, Richland, Trenton, and Pollocksville, to Newbern. From Strickland's Depot, by Taylor's Bridge, Six Runs, Lisburn, Gravelly Hill, Cypress, Harrison's Creek, and Ellisville, to Fayetteville. From Sugar Grove, up Cove Creek, and down Roan's Creek, to Taylorsville, in Tennessee. From Sugar Grove, to Taylorsville, by Sody, and Trade. From Swaannano to Mount Mitchell. From Swansboro', by Palo Alto, to Piney Green. From Swansboro' by Hurst's, to Onslow Court-House. From Swift Creek Bridge to Whitford7s Mills. From Swift Island, by Clark's Creek, Mount Gilead, Little Mills, Dumas' Store, Pee Dee, and Lisleville, to Wadesboro'. From Thomasville, by Eden, Nance's Mills, Salem Church, Tasseter's Mills, New Hope Institute, and Barney's Mills, to Troy. From Tom's Creek, by Douglas' Ford, and Green Harbor, to Dobson. From Troy, to Ashborough, by Matamoras, Auman's Hill, Cox's Mills, and White House. From Troy to Bostick's Mills. From Troy to Carthage. From Troy, by Harrisville, Wind Hill, Jackson Hill, Brengle's Ferry, Columbia, and Hiealing Springs, to Salisbury. From Troy, by James Page's, to Plank Road. From Turtletown, to Ellijay, in Georgia, by Kimsey's Store, Hiawassee Copper Mines, Pierceville, Chesnut Gap, and Santa Lucah. From Union Institute, by Fair Grove, to Midway. From Valley Crucis to Cranberry Forge. From Wadesboro', by Deep Creek, Long Pine, Oro, White's Store, and Poplar Hill, to Wadesboro'. From Wadesboro7, by Diamond Hill, Kendall's Tan-Yard, and Caudle's Mill, to Wadesboro'. From Wadesboro', by Lanesborough, Monroe Court-House, Coburn's Store, Orville, and Hornet's Nest, to Charlotte. From Wadesboro' to Mangum. From Wadesboro', by White's Store, White Hill, Lane's Creek, Bea. ver Dam, Richardson's Creek, Jenkin7s Store, Gourd Vine, Hammlond's Store, and'Diamond Hill, to WVadesboro'. From Walkersville? by Stewart's Store, D. D. A. Belk's, and Jackson Stognins, to Pleasant tHill, in South Carolina. From Warm Springs, by Paint Rock, Cato, and Bridgeport, to Newport, in Tennessee. From Warm Springs to Spring Creek. From Warrenton to Shocco Springs. From Washington, by Bath, Pungo Creek, Pantego, Leechville, Sladesville, Swan Quarter Court-House, and Lake Landing, to Middletown. From Washington, by Blount's Creek, and Durham's Creek, to South Creek. From Washington to Campbell's Creek. From VWashington, by Ocracoke, to Portsmouth. From Waynesville, by Cattahooche Creek, to Dandridge, in Tennessee. From Waynesville to Clifton. From Weldon to Gaston. From Weldon, by Halifax, Enfield, Brattleborough, Rocky Mount, Joyner's Depot, Wilson, Black Creek, Nahunta, Goldsborough, Everettsville, Mount Olive, Faison's Depot, Warsaw, Strickland's Depot, Teachy's, Washington Depot, Sill's Creek,:Burgaw Depot, Wilmilngton, and Smithville, to Charleston, in South Carolina. From WVeldon, by Westland, to Littleton. From West Brook, to Caintluck, by French Creek Chulrch. From WVhitesville, by Abbottsburg, to Elizabethltowna. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 223 From White Hall to Raisinville. From Wil.ksboro', by Elkville, Fort Defiance, Lenoir Court-House, and Copenhagen, to Morganton. From Wilkesboro', by Lewis's Fork, Stony Fork, and Rotherwood, to Boone. From Williamston, by Flat Swamp, and Bethel, to Greenville. From Wilmington, by Long Creek, Beatty's Bridge, Black River Chapel, and Harrall's Store, to Moore's. From Wilmington, by Scott's Hill, Topsail Sound, Stump Sound, Onslow Court-House, Catharine Lake, RIichlands, and Bannerman, to Angola. From Wilmington, by Upper Town Creek Bridge, to Smithville. From Wilmington, by Whitesville, Fair Bluff; Marion Court-House, in South Carolina, Mars Bluff, Bradleyville, and Sumterville, to Manchester, in South Carolina. From Wilson, by Stantonsburg, Speight's Bridge, and Snow Hill, to Hookerstown. From Wilson, to Washington, by Saratoga, Maysville, Marlboro', Pleasant Mount, Greenville, Pactolus, and Boyd7s Ferry. From Windsor, by Merry Hill, Ashland, Colerain, Harrellsville, and Pitch Landing, to Murfreesboro'. From WTinfall, by Belvidere, to Woodley. From Winton to Gatesville. From Winston, by Glen's Ferry, to Red Plains. From Winston, to Yadkinville, by Red Plain, East Bend, Mt. Nebo, Yadkin Institute, and Jonesville. From Woodville to Durant's Neck. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. Ohio. From Akron, by Copley, and Sharon Centre, to Medina. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Akron to Middlebury. 230, v. 10, pp. 482, From Akron, by Montrose, Coddingville, Granger, Weymouth, Bruns- 43 March, 185, c 3 Marchy 1855, C. wick, and Liverpool, to Grafton. 211, v. 10, pp. 708, From Albany to Marshville. 709. From Amesville, by Pleasant Valley, Elliott's Cross-Roads, Woody's 18 Aug., 1856, c. Mill, Rosseau, Hlickerson's Cross-Roads, and Malta, to McConnellsville. 1 March, 1857, c. From Anna to Minster. 109, v. 11, pp. 233, From Antwerp, by Hicksville, Milo, and Panama, to Edgerton.'234. From Antwerp, by 1Hicksville, Newville, in Indianar, Norristown, and 14 J62, 185,.357, Buckhill, to De Kalb, in Indiana. 2, v. 11, From Arcadia to Cass. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Archibald, by Elmira, Blanc, Gorham Centre, and Handy, to 57, v. 12, p. 163. Attica, and Momence, in Michigan. 2 June, 182, c. From Ashland, by Hayesville, Mohican, and McKay's, to Loudon- 918 v. 12, pp. 417, ville. 14 July, 1862, c. From Ashland, by Naankin, Polk, Sullivan, Huntington, Wellington, 171, v. 12, p..574. and Pittsfield, to Oberlin. 24 Feb., 18-;3, c. From Ashland, by Oliversburg, Rives, Shenandoah, and Richland, to 55s v. 12, p. 663. Plymouth. 175, v. 13, p. 319. From Ashland, by Perote, Nova, North Rochester, Brighton, and 3 March, 1865, c. North Camden, to Henrietta. 104, V. 13, p. 524. From Ashland, by Savannah, and Ruggles, to New London. 14 March, 1866,. 16, v. 14, p. 8. From Ashtabula, by East Plymouth, North Sheffield, Kelloggsville, 2~6 July, 1866, c. Monroe Centre, Clark's Corners, and Cherry Hill, to Elk Creek, in 267, v. 14, p. 282. Pennsylvania. 2 March, 1867, co From Ashtabula Harbor, by Plymouth, Jeffersonl, and Denmark, to 101 v. 14, p. 554. Richmond. 35, v. 15, p. 52. From Athens, by Canaansville, Guysville, Feeralton, Coolville, Hock- 25 July, 1868, c. ingport, Little Hocklihocking, Centre Belpre, Belpre, Constitution, and 244: v. 15, pp. 1931, Harmar, to Marietta. 224 POST-ROADS. 3 March, 1869, c. Froln Athens, by Calvary, Log Cabin, Ringgold, and Malta, to 131, v. 15, pp, 331, McConnellsville. 332. 1OApril, 1869, c. From Athens, by Lowrey, Star, New Plymouth, Swan, and Rock 30, v. 16, p. 49. House, to Adelphi. 5 March, 1870, c. From Athens to New Plymouth. 22, v. 1G6 p. 74. From Athens to PlattUs Fork. 14 July, 1870 c. 27:3, vJl6,p. 28.8. From Athens, by Shade, and Burlingham, to Chester. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From. Austin, by Good Hope, to Washington Court-Honse. 101, v. 16, pp. 465, PFrom Bainbridge, by Cynthiana, Sinking Sring, Locust Grove, Dun2466Ari1. 18 cbarton, and Dunkinsville, to West Union. 20 April, 1871, c. 287 V. 17, p. 18. From Bainbridge, by Greenfield, New Martinsburg, South Plymouth, 16 Jan., 1872, c. and West Lancaster, to Jamestown. 6, v. 17, p.!26. From Bainbridge, by Mount Latham, to Waverly. 14 May, 1872, c. From Barlow, by North Belpre, Decatursville, and Baker's Settlement; 159, v. 17, p. 112. 10 June, 1872, c. tO Coolville. 427, v. 17, p. 386. From Barlow, by Veto, to Centre Belp-'e. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bank Mills to Westborough. 2.55, v. 17, p. 595. From Barnesville, by Leatherwood, Batesville, Calais, Summerfield,:Enoch, Olive, Sharon, Keith's, Moscow Mills, and Meigsville, to McConnellsville. From Barnesville, by Hendrysburgh, to Fairview. From Barnesville, by Temperanceville, to Miltonsburgh. From Barnesville, by Temperanceville, Atlas, Calais, and Miltonsburgh, to Woodsfield. From Bartlett, by Decatursville, to Centre Belpre. From Beaver, in Pennsylvania, by Black Hawk, Saint Clair, Clarkson, and Elkton, to New Lisbon. From Bedford, by Solon, Aurora, Mantua Center, Hiram, and Rapids, to Parkman. From Beliefontaine, by Lewistown, Muchinippe, St. John's, and Wapahkonetta, to Saint Mary's. From Belmont, by Morristown, to Flushing. From Belpre, by Dunham, Veto, Vincent, Barlow, Watertown, and Waterford, to Beverly. From Berlinville to 1orwalk. From Berne Station, by Hartzler, to West Rushville. From Bethel, by Maple, Feesburgh, and Lewis, to Higginsport. From Bethel, by Nicholsville, and Laurel, to Point Pleasant. From Beverly, by'Dunganon, and Keith's, to Sharon. From Beverlv to Moscow Mills. From Blissfield, in Michigan, by Metamora, Ai, and Java, to Swanton. From Bloomington to Cross-Roads. From Blue Rock to Young Hickory. From Bolivar, by Sandyville, Magnolia, Waynesburg, Malvern, Oneida Mills, Perkin, Mlinerva, Bayard, East Rochester, and Green Hill, to Hanoverton. From Bourneville to Waverly. From Bowerstown, by New Hagerstown, Palermo, and Algonquin, to Carrollton. From Bowling Green to Woodville. Froml Braceville to F'armington. From Breclksville, by Northfield. to Macedonia Depot. From Broadway, by Newton, York Centre, West Mansfield, North Greenfield, and Walnut Grove, to Rushsylvania From Brunswick, by Hinclkly, Richfield, Peninsular, Boston, and Brandywine Mills, to Hudson. From Bryan. by Pioneer, Bridgewater, Drake's, Camden Mills, and Stoddart's, to Hillsdale, in Michigan. From Bryan, by Pulaski, Montpelier, Durlins Corners, Spring Lake, North West, Camden, in Michigan, Edinburgh, Reacling, and Cambria, to Hillsdale. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 225 From Bryan, by Shaffer's, West Buffalo, Luke's, and Spring Lake, to Nettle Lake. From Bryan, by William's Centre, Farmer's, Arrowsmith's, and Cicero, to Hicksville. From Buck Eye, by Gilboa, Oak Ridge, and Macomb, to Findlay. From Bucyrus, by Broken Sword, Poplar, and Melmore, to Tiffin. From Bucyrus, by Camp Run, Liberty Corners, and Siro, to New Haven. From Bucyrus, by Le Timberville, New Winchester, and Olentangy, to Bucyrus. From Bucyrus; by Oceola, Poplar, and Melmore, to Tiffin. From Bucyrus, by Oceola, Seal, Belle Vernon, MciCutchenville, Berwick, Stoner, Risdon, West Mill Grove, Montgomery Cross-Roads, New Rochester, and Scotch Ridge, to Perrysburg. From Bucyrus, by Oceola, Upper Sandusky, Big Turtle, and Whartensburg, to Eagle. From Bucyrus, by Sulphur Springs, New Washington, Wellersville, Siro, De Kalb, Liberty Corners, and Camp Run, to Bucyrus. From Bucyrus, by Wyandotte, Little Sandusky, Upper Sandusky, and Crawford, to Carey. From Cadiz, by Archer, New Rumley, Kilgore, HIickory, and Algon guin, to Carrollton. From Caldwell, by Hohman's Store, Middle Creelk, and Crumtown, to Harrietsville. From Caledonia to Delaware. From Cambridge, by Claysville, Cumberland, Wharton, Wood Grove, Eliramsburg, Hoskinsville, Sharon, Anderson's Store, Bristol, and Meig's Creek, to McConnellsville. From Cambridge, by Creighton, and Adamsville, to Dresden. From Cambridge to New Connerstown. From Cambridge, by North Salem, Klimbolton, Bird's Run, Linton Mills, and Plainfield, to Coshocton. From Canaansville to North Union. From Canal Winchester, by Groveport, to Lockbourne. From Cannonsburg to Johnstown. From Canton, by Barryville, Marlboro', Mahoning, Deerfield, Frederick, Milton, Duck Creek, Hanna's Mills, North Jackson, and Eden, to Wa,rren. From Canton, by Louisville, Barrysville, Mount Union, Damascusville, Salem, Washingtonville, Columbiana, East Fairfield, and Palestine, to Darlington, in Pennsylvania. From C(anton to Hartville. From Canton, by Middle Branch, New Baltimore, Cairo, Hartville, Randolph, Rootstown, Ravenna, Shalersville, Auburn, Newbury, North Newbury, and Munson, to Chardon. JFrom Canton, by Mount Airy, and McDonaldsville, to Akron. From Canton, by New Berlin, Greentown, Lake, North Springfield, and Middleburg, to Akron. From Canton, by North Industry, Pierce, Sparta, Sandyville, Zoar, and Canal Dover, to New Philadelphia. From Canton, by Pallow, Navarre, and Frease's Store, to Winesburg. From Carlisle, by Black Creek, Marco, Buck Creek, and Newberry, to Scotland. From Carrollton, by Algonguin, Palmero, New Hagerstown, HIeller's Cross-Roads, Tappan, Deersville, Tippecanoe, West Chester, Milnersville, and New Salem, to Cambridge. From Carrollton to Bayard. From Carrollton, by Cabello, Augusta, Green Hill, New Alexander. and North Georgetown, to Salem. From Carrollton, by Cabell, Augusta, Mcysville, and Hanoverton, to Salem. From Carrollton, by Davis, and Leesville, to Bowerstown. R S III-15 226 POST-ROADS. From Carrollton, by Kossuth, Morges, and Magnolia, to Zoar, and return by Summerman's, Scott's Mills, and Kogsuth, to Carrollton. From Cedar Mills, by Wamsley's, to Mineral Spring. From, Chagrin Falls, by Russell, Ford, Burton, Middlefield, Messopotamia, North Bloomfield, Greenburg, and Gustavus, to Kinsman's. From Chardon, by Hlampden, East Claridon, Middlefield, Bundysburg, and Farmington, to Parkman. t'Fron Chardon, by South Kirtland, and Pleasant Valley, to Euclid. iFrom Charloe, by Paulding, to Dixon. From Cherry Fork to Wheat Ridge. From Cherry Valley to Chardon. From Cherry Valley, by West Andover, and Andover, to Espyville, in Pennsylvania. From Chester, by Bashan, and Graham's Station, to Great Bend, returning by Sterling Bottom. From Chesterville, by Fredericktown, Levering, and Woodview, to Shauck's. From Chesterville, by Pulaskiville, Mount Gilead, Marit's, and Underwod's to Marion.. From Chesterville, through Sparta, and Bloomfield, to Hilliar and Centreburgh. From Chillicothe, by Gillespieville, Ratcliffsburgh, Allensville, McArthur's, Prattsville, Bolen's Mills, Lee, Hebardsville, Athens, Amesville, Sharp's Forks, Bartlett, Wesley, Barlow, and Harmar, to Marietta. From Chillicothe, by Hallsville, Adelphi, South Ferry, and Gibsonville, to Logan. From Chillicothe, by Richmond Dale, Jackson, Rocky Hill, Thurman, Rio Grande, Rodney, and Gallipolis, to Point Pleasant, in West Virginia. Fromn Chillicothe, by Stony Creek, to Sharonville. From Chillicothe, by Yellow Bird, and Clarksburg, to 4New Holland. From Cincinnati, by College Hill, Hygeia, Mount Healthy, Pleasant Run, annd Symnme's Corner, to Hamilton. From Cincinnati, by Cumminsville, Brown's Grove, Bevis' Tavern, Dunlap, Ross, lillvilleil Stillwell's, Oxford, College Corners, Cottage Grove, Iowa, Liberty, Brownsville, and Springersville, to Connersville, in Indiana. From Cincinnati, by Cunmminsville, Carthage, Springdale, Fosdick, Winton, Hamilton, Trenton, Middletown, Poast Town, Carlisle Station, Germantown, Miamisburg, Bear Creek, and Alexandersville, to Dayton. From Cincinnati, by Fulton, Columbia, Newtown, Mount Carmel, Olive Brench, Batavia, California, Williamsburg, Clover, Bethel, Hamersville, Georgetown, Russellville, Decatur, and Eckmansville, to West Union. From Cincinnati, by Hamilton, 3Rossville, Seven Mile, Collinsville, Somerville, Camden, Eaton, Campbellstown, and Richmond, to New Castle. Fromr Cincinnati, by the lRiver, and Hugginsport, to Georgetown. From Cincinnati, by Milford, Miamiville, Branch Hill, Loveland, Deerfield Village, Lebanon, Morrow, Fort Ancient, Oregon, Waynesville, Spring Valley, Xenia, and Yellow Springs, to Springfield. From Cincinnati, by Mount Washington, Withamsville, Amelia, Bantam, Bethel, Point Isabel, and Mount Olive, to Felicity. From Cincinnati, by New Richmond, point Pleasant, Moscow, Foster, Neville, Chilo, lRural, Augusta, in Kentucky, Higginsport, Dover, in Kentucky, and Ripley, to Maysville, in Kentucky. From Cincinnati, by South Pendleton, Columbia, Tompkins, and Sweet Wine, to New:Richmond. From Ciincinnati, by Walnut Hills, Pleasant Ridge, Montgomery, Twenty-Mile Stand, and Hopkinsville, to Morrow. From Circleville, by IDarbyville, and Five Points, to Mount Sterling. From Circleville, by Kingston, Camp Charlotte, Tarlton, Oakland, and Clear Creek, to Amnanda. Froru Circleville to Lithopolis. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 227 From Circleville, by Leistville, and Tarlton, to Adelphi. From Clarksfield to Olena. From Clayton, in Michigan, by Medina, Canandaigua, and Momence, in Michigln, to Chesterfield, Emery, Tedrow, Ottokee, and Wauseon. From Cleveland, to Buffalo, in New York. From Cleveland, by Euclid, Mayfield, Chester Cross-Roads, Fowler's Mills, Munson, Claridon, Huntsburg, Windsor, Orwell, Phelps, Lindenville, Williamsfield, South Shenango, in Pennsylvania, and IHart's CrossRoads, to Meadville, in Pennsylvania. From Cleveland, by Independence, Bricksville, Richfield, and Bath, to Copley. From Cleveland, by Newburgh, Bedford, Macedonia Depot, Twinsburgh, Hudson, Earlville, Franklin Mills, Ravenna, Rootstown, Atwater, Limaville, Marlboro', Alliance, Mount Union, Sandy, Bayard, Hanoverton, Ingrabham, Summitville, Salinesville, Hammon dsville, and Mouth of Yellow Creek, to Wellsville. From Cleveland, by Ohio City, East Rockport, Rockport, Dover, North Ridgeville, Elyria, Amherst, Henrietta, Birmingham, Florence, Berlinville, Milan, Norwalk, Monroeville, Four Corners, Lyme, Bellevue, Clyde, Fremont, Black Swamp, Woodville, Stony Ridge, Perrysburg, and Maumee City, to Toledo. From Cleveland, by Olmstead, Elyria, Plato, Brownhelm, Vermillion, and Huron, to Sandusky. From Cleveland to Port Stanley. From Cleveland, by Royalton, Hinckley, Granger, Coddingville, and Sharon, to Wadsworth. From Cleveland, by Saint Clair road, and Merchant's Corners, to Collamer. From Cleveland, by Warrensville, Barry, Chagrin Falls, Bissell's, Bridge Creek, Auburn, Welshfield, Parkman, Nelson, Garrettsville. Windham, Braceville, and Willow Dale, to Warren. From Cleves, by Oury's, Dry Fork, Preston, Tariff, Saint Charles, and Riley, to Oxford. From Clinton, by Chippewa, New Prospect, and Old Hickory, to Canaan. From Cold Water to New Bremen. From Colton, by Beta, Lavonia, and West Barre, to Wauseon. From Columbus to Beckett's Store. From Columbus, by Clintonville, Worthington, Williamsville, Stratford, Delaware, Norton, Waldo, Jarion, Grand Prairie, Little Sandusky, Upper Sandusky, Tymochtee, MeCutchinville, Tiffin, and ~Fort Seneca, to Fremont. From Columbus, by Gahannah, Hope, Johnstown, Utica, and Martinsburgh, to Bladensburg. From Columbus, by Grove City, Georgesville, Harrisburg, Palestine, Moulit Sterling, Duff's Fork, Pancoastburgh, and Bloomingburgh, to Washington Court-House. From Columbus, by Groveport, Lithopolis, and Green Castle, to Lancaster. From Columbus, by Harrisburg, Palestine, Moount Sterling, and Bloomingburg, to Washington Court-House. From Columbus, by Hilliards, Darby Creek, Unionville Centre, Millford Centre, Woodstock, and Brinton, to Urbana. From Columbus, by Hope, anud Gahanna, to Centre Village. From Columbus, by Park's Mills, Blendon, Central College, Maxwell, Galena, Sunbury, Centreburg, and Mount Liberty, to Mount Vernon. From Columbus, by Shadeville, South Bloomfield, Circleville, Chillicothe, Waller, Waverly, Piketon, and Lucasville, to Portsmouth. From Columbus, by West Jefferson, London, South Charleston, Selma, and Cedarville, to Xenia. From Columbtus, by Worthington, Lewis Centre, Constantia, Alum Creek, Delaware, Leonardsburg, Ashley, Westfield, Cardington, Mount 228 POST-ROADS. Gilead, Iberia, Galion, Livingston, Shelby, Greenwich Station, Greenwich, New London, Rochester Depot, North Rochester, Wellington, La Grange, Grafton, Rawsonville, Copopa, Columbia Station, Olmstead, Berea, and Rockport, to Cleveland. From Columbus Grove to Kalida. From Conneaut, by Clark's Corners, Beaver, and Beaver Centre, in Pennsylvania, to Conneautville From Constitution, by Belpre, and Decatursville, to Federalton. From Coolville, by Carthage, Lodi, and Alexander, to Albany. From Coolville, by Lottridge, Hull's Garden, Shade, and Pleasanton, to Lee. From Copley to New Portage, by Bates' Corners, and Clark's Mills. From Corsica to Steam Corners. From Corwin, by Clayton to Union. From Coshocton, by Canal, Lewisville, and Bakersville, to Canal Dover. From Coshocton, by Gambier, Wolf's, New Castle, Mohawk Village, and Roscoe, to Mount Vernon. From Coschocton, by Munnsville, Chili, New Bedford, Buena Vista, Shanesville, and Dundee, to Deardorffts Mills. From Coshocton, by, Roscoe, Warsaw, Walhonding, Millwood, and Monroe Mills, to Mount Vernon. From Coshocton, by Rural Vale, and Mohawk Valley, to New Castle. From Croton to Johnstown. From Crestline, by Bucyrus, Upper Sandusky, Forest, Dunkirk, Johnstown, and Lima, to Delphos. From Cumberland to Caldwell. From Cumberland, by Freeland's, Chandlersville, and Richardsville, to Zanesville. From Cumberland, by Nobleville, Sarahsville, and Whigville, to Summerfield. From Dayton, by Clayton, to Centre. From Dayton, by Dodson, Gordon, Greenville, Mount Heron, Hill Grove, Union City, in Indiana, Harrisville, Winchester, Parker, Farmland, Selma, Smithfield, Muncietown, Yorktown, Chesterfield, Anderson, Pendleton, Woodbury, Fall Creek, Alf6nte,Germantown, and Lawrence, to Indianapolis. From Darlington, by Enon Valley, Petersburg, New Middleton, Poland, Bordman, Canfield, Ellsworth, Frederick, Palmyra, Edinburgh, and Campell's Port, to Ravenna. From Dayton, by Henby, and Bellbrook, to Spring Valley. From Dayton, by Hyattsville, and Troy, to Piqua. From Dayton, by Little York, Union, West Milton, and Pleasant Hill, to Covingto-n. From Dayton, by West Charleston, Chambersburg, Vandalia, lyattsville, Troy, and Piqua, to Sidney. From Deavertown, by Portersville, and Chapel Hill, to Trimble. From Deersville, by Stillwater, and Rush, to Gnadenhutten. From Deerfield Village, by Hopkinsville, Dallasburgh, Brown's Store, Goshen, Belfast, and Owensville, to Batavia. From Defiance, by Ayersville, New Bavaria, Ridgeland, Medary, Sugar Ridge, and MacoInb, to Finley. From Defiane, by Brunersburg, and Evansport, to Bryan. From Defiance, by Brunersburg, McCally's, and Evansport, to Stryker. From Defiance, by Brunersburg, Snooksville Cranesville, and icksville, to Panama. From Defiance, by Gilead, to Perrysburgh. From Defiance, by TWashington Cenltre, Farmer, and Milford C3entre, to Newville, in Indiana. From Delaware, by KEilbourne, Nimmon's Cross-Roads, and Bloomfield, to Mount Liberty. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 229 From Delaware, by Patterson, Richwood, Wilkins, York, and Raymond's, to East Liberty. From Delaware, by Radnor, to Prospect. From Delphos, by Fort Jennings, to Kalida. From Delphos, by Ottoville, Hlamer, Murat, and Charloe Junction, to Defiance. From Delta to Liberty Centre. From Delta, by Parcher's Corners, Chase's Corners, Rathbone's Corners, Chaney's Corners, and Bassett's Corners, to Adrian, in Michigan, From Dennison to Bates' Corners. From Dinsmore, by Fryburgh, to Saint John. From Dover, by Coe Ridge, Olmstead, and Copopa, to Strongville. From Dover, by North Dover, Avon, and Sheffield, to Black River. From Dresden, to Wacatomica, West Carlisle, New Guilford, and New Castle, to Walhonding. From Dunbarton to Mineral Springs. From Dunganon, to Hanoverton. From Eagle, by Arlington, Clement, Finley, Van Buren, Woodbury, Portage, Bowling Green, and Lovett's Grove, to Perrysburg. From Eagle to Lima. From East Liberty, by North Greenfield, to West Mansfield. From East Liverpool, by Calcutta, Spruce Vale, Clarkson, Ca~rmel, and Fairfield, to Waterford. From East Liverpool to New Waterford. From East Westville, by Potterville, to Mahoning. From Eaton, by Sugar Valley, to West Florence. From Edgerton to lHicksville. From Edgerton, by Saint Joseph, Sheline's Mills, Columbia, and Camden, to Reading, in Michigan. From Edgerton, by Saint Joseph's, Sheline's Mills, Spring Lake, South Camden, Camden, and Reading Village, to lHillsdale, in Michigan. From Ellsworth, by Berlin Centre, North Benton, Deerfield, Atwater, Randolph, Suffield, and Mogadore, to Middlebury. From Elmore to IDrewittville. From Elmore, by Woodville, to Pemberville. From Elyria, by Carlisle, to Oberlin. From Elyria, by Laporte, Rawsonville, Grafton, Litchfield, Chatham, Lodi, Burbank, and Golden Corners, to Wooster. From Elyria, by Plato, to Black IRiver. From Emerald Station, by Cranesville, and Motherspaw, to Georgetown. From Erie, in Pennsylvania, by West Mill Creek, Swan Centre, Fairview, Girard, Springfield Cross-Roads, West Springfield, Conneaut, Amboy, Kingsville, Ashtabula, Saybrook, Geneva, Unionville, Madison, Perry, Painesville, Mentor, Willoughby, and Wickliffe, to Cleveland. From Euclid, by Collamer, and East Cleveland, to Cleveland. From Fairview, by Sewellsville, Smyrna, Freeport, Cadwallader, Tippecanoe, and Rush, to Tuscarawas. From Farmer, to iilo, and from Milo northward to Edgerton. From Farmer Centre, by lNey, and Brunersburg, to Defiance. From Findley, by Benton Ridge, Bluffton, and Beaver Dam, to Lima. From Findley, by Benton Rlidge, Pendleton, and Pleasant, to Vaughnsville. From Findley, by Bigelow's Mill, Houcktown, Blanchard's Bridge, and Mount Blanchard, to Forest. From Findley, by Big Lick, and Stoner, to New Haven. From Findley, by Canonsburg, Crogan, Beaver Dam, and Blue Lick, to Lima. From Findley, by Gilboa, and Medary, to Defiance. From Findley, by Oak Ridge, Gilboa, and Buckeye, to Kalidao From Florida to Adam's Station. 230 POST-ROADS. From Fostoria, by Brown's Corners, Eagleville, and Woodbury, to Portage. From Franklin Furnace, by Powellsville, and Lyra, to Sciota Furnace. From Franklin Mills, by Streetsboro', Aurora, Bissell's, Russell, Chester Cross-Roads, South Kirtland, and Kirtland, to Mentor. From Frazersburg to Bladensburg. From Frazersburg, by West Carlisle, to New Guilford. From Fremont, by Bettsville, Fitz Henry, Stoner, Risdon, Cass, and Van Buren, to Findley. From Fremont, by Greensbury Cross-Roads, and Rollersville, to Montgomery Cross-Roads. From Fremont to Port Clinton. From Fremont, by Riley Centre, West Townsend, Castalia, and Venice, to Sandusky. From Fryburg to Louisville. From Galesville to Whigville. From Galion, by Caledonia, Mar.ion, Larue, Hale, Rushsylvania, Bellefontaine, De Graff, Quincy, Pemberton, Houston, Spear's Landing, Hardin, Cowan's Station, and Sidney, to Union City, in Indiana. From Galion, by Corsica, and McEwen's Cross-Roads, to Lexington. From Galion, by Leesville Cross-Roads, Liberty Corner, and De Kalb, to Tiro. From Gallipolis, by Addison, Cheshire, Silver Run, Salisbury, Pomeroy, Chester, Alfred, and Tupper's Plains, to Coolville. From Gallipolis to Hamdore. From Gallipolis, by Millersport, Guyandotte, in West Virginia, Burlington, Ceredo, in West Virginia, Catlettsburg, in Kentucky, Ashland, in Kentucky, and Ironton, to Portsmouth. From Gallipolis, by Mercersville, Kennedy's Cross-Roads, and Scottsville, to Quaker Bottom. From Gallipolis, by Pine Grove, Vinton, and Ewington, to Wilkesville. From Gallipolis, by Racoon Island, South New Castle, Hereford, Swan Creek, Green Bottom, Miller's, Haskellville, and Qualer Bottom, to Guyandotte, in West Virginia. From Gallipolis, by Shrivener, Smith's, Bay's Bottom, and Miller's, to Haskellville. From Gallipolis, by Wilkesville, and McKinster's, to Lee. From Gambier, by Millwood, Danville, Nonpareil, Humphrey's Villa, and Killbuck, to Millersburg. From Geneva, by Austinburg, Jefferson, Denmark, West- Pierpont, Pierpont, Penn Line, in Pennsylvania, and Line Mills, to Harmonsburg. From Geneva, by Harpersfield, Cork, Turnbull, Hartsgrove, Windsor, Mesopotamia, Bundysburg, and Farmington, to Parkman. From Geneva, by Mechanicsville, and East Trumbull, to Morgan. From Geneva to Rock Creek. From Genoa to Shadesville. From Georgetown, by New Hope, Mount Orab, Puebla, and Five Mile, to Fayetteville. From Georgetown to Ripley. From Georgetown, by White Oak Valley, New Hope, Sicily, Sardinia, Mowrystown, and New Corwin, to New Market. From Germantown, Farmersville, and Enterprise, to West Alexandria. From Gettysburg, by Webster, to Jacksonville. From Gilead, by New Westfield, and Osage Pike, to McComb. From Gilead, by Odessa, and Shank, to Napoleon. From Gileacd to Providenlce. From Gilead, by Westfield, Milton Corrners, Jackson, and Pleasantville, to Portageville. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 231 F'rom Granville, by Alexandria, Johnstown, Reynolds, Van's Valley, Sunbury, Berkshire, and Alum Creek, to Delaware. From Granville to Fredonia. From; Gratis to Camden. From tratis, by Enterprise, to West Alexandria. From Graytown, by Locust Point, to Port Clinton. From Greencastle to Royalston. From Greensburgh Cross-Roads to West Mill Grove.:From Greenfield, by Good Hope, to Washington. tFrom Greenville, by Abbottsville, Arcanum, Pittsburg, Ludlow Centre, and Clayton, to Dayton. From Greenville, by Abbottsville, Sampson, and Ithaca, to Castine. From Greenville, by Clap board Town, Dill's Station, Beansville, Nevada, and Brocki to North Star. From Greenville, by Woodington, Mississinawa, Seven Mile Prairie, Fort Recovery, Macedon, Cold Water, Montezuma, Celina, Boetia, Mercer, Mendon, and Auglaize, to Van Wert. From Greenville in Pennsylvania, by Kinsman, Williamsfield, Andover, Richmond, Denmark, Pierpont, and Monroe Village, to Kings. ville. From Guilford, by Leroy, to Lodi. From Hagerstown, by E1 Dorado, to Eaton. From Hamden, by Eagle Furnace, Wilkesville, Ewington, Vinton, and Pine Grove, to Gallipolis. From Hamilton, by Millville, Bunker Hill, and Reilly, to Springfield, in Indiana. From Hamilton, by Rossville, Darrtown, Morning Sun, Fair Haven, Beechy Mire, in Indiana, and Boston, to Richmond, in Indiana. From Hamilton, by Rossville, Seven Mile, Collinsville, Somerville, and Camden, to Eaton. From Hamilton, by Saint Charles, to Brookville, in Indiana, From Hammondsville, by Cope's Mills, Croxton, Wattsville, Scroggsfield, Carrolton, Leavitt, Rose, New Cumberland, andl Tabor, to New Philadelphia. From Hanover, by Perryton, to Fallsburg. From Hanoverton to New Garden. Fromn Harrisonville, to Wilksville, through Salem township. From Hillsboro' to Locust Grove. From Hillsboro', by New Petersburg, to Greenfield. From Hillsboro', by Russell's Station, Lynchburg, Westboro', and Blanchester, to Loveland. From Hillsboro' to Sabina. From Hillsboro', by Samantha, and Carytown, to Vienna. From Hillsboro' to Washington. From Homer, by Brandon, to Mount Vernon. From Hornersville, by iMaple, to Freesburg. 3From Hiudson, in Michigan, by Mill Creek, Master's Corhers, and Domestic, to West Unity. jFrom Humphreysville, by Ridge, and New Princeton, to Warsaw. From Huntsville, by Roundhead's, West Newton, Donnell's, Westminster, Lina, Allentown, Middle River, and Delphos, to Van Wert. From Inland to.Greentown. From Ironton to Gallipolis. From Ironton, by Lawrence Furnace, Mount Vernon Furnace, Olive Furnace, and Washington Furnace, to Oak Hill. kFrom Jackson, by Berlin Cross-Roads, Dawkin's Mills, Buckeye Furnace, Wilkesville, Ledlie's, and Langsville, to Rutland. From Jackson, by Green Meadow, and Reed's Mills, to McArthur's. From Jackson, by McGhee's Store, Keystone, Vinton, and Anslem, to Cheshire. FErom Jackson, by Mabee's, Levi, Jackson Furnace, Bushy Fork, and Sciot;a, to Portsmouth. 232 POST-ROADS. From Jackson, by Oak Hill, Gallia Furnace, McDaniels, Waterloo, Aid, Simmon's, Russell's Place, and Quaker Bottom, to Guyandotte, in West Virginia. From Jacksontown to Newark. From Jacksontown, by Thornville, New Salem, and Pleasantville, to Lancaster. From Jacksonville, by Brock, North Star, Cranberry Prairie, Carthagena, and Montezuma, to Celina. From Jacksonville, by Greenwood, to Lomarus. From Jacobs, by McComb, Weber's, and Crabtree's, to California. From Jamestown, by Bowersville, and Bloomington, to Wilmington. From Jamestown, by Grape Grove, and South Solon, to South Charleston. From Jamestown to Jeffersonville. From Jasper, by Elm's Grove, to Locust. From Jasper to Locust Grove. From Jeddo to Island Creek. From Jersey to Columbia Centre. From Kalida, by Franconia, to Hamer. From Kalida, by New Bavaria, Napoleon, West Barre, Essex, Etna, Lyons, and Baker's Corners, to Adrian, in Michigan. From Kenton, by Dudley, Marseilles, Warpole, and Bowsherville, to Upper Sandusky. From Kenton to Hale. From Kenton, by Huntersville, Hog Creek, and Herring, to Lima. From Keystone, by Chestnut Grove, to Ewington. From Kingsville, by Monroe Village, Pierpont, West Pierpont, Denmark, Richmond Centre, Leon, Andover, Williamsfield West Williamsfield, Kinsman's, West Salem, and Maysville, to West Greenville, Pa. From Kingsman, by East Gustavus, Lindenville, and East Cherry Valley, to Jefferson Court-House. From Kinsman, by Johnsonville, to Warren. From Knight's Station, in Michigan, by Riga, to Southeast corner of Richfield Township, and thence, by Java, to Swanton Station. From Lafayette, by Tradersville, to Mechanicsburg. From Lancaster, by Bremen, Crossanville, Ashbury, Pike, New Lexington, Oakfield, Morgansville, and Malta, to McConnellsville. From Lancaster, by Carroll, Canal Winchester, and Grovesport, to Columbus. From Lancaster, by Carroll, Lockville, Pickerington, Reynoldsburg, Black Lick, Ovid, Hope, and Harlem, to Galena. From Lancaster, by Clearport, and Middlefork, to South Perry. From Lancaster, by Dumontsville, Baltimore, and Millersport, to Hebron. From Lancaster, by Jefferson, Winchester, and Waterloo, to Grant Post. From Lancaster to Outville. From Lancaster, by Royalton, South Bloomfield, Genoa, Harrisburgh, and California, to London. From Lancaster, by Sugar Grove, Logan, Pattonville, Nelsonville, Chauncey, Athens, Hebbardsville, Woodyard, Donnington, Harrisonville, Rutland, and Salisbury, to Pomeroy. From Lancaster to Somerset. From Lancaster, by West Rushville, to Rushville. From Lavona, by Lena, German Centre, Lockport, and Pulaski, to Bryan. From Leatherwood to Cadwallader. From Lebanon, by Red Lion, and Springborough, to Franklin. From rlee to Berlin Cross-Roads. From Leesville, by Rockford, to New Philadelphia. From Leesville, by Sherrodsville, and New Cumberland, to Zoar. From Leipsic Station to Leipsic Village. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 233 From Leipsic, by Ottaway, Buckeye, and Cairo, to Lima. From Leipsic to Pleasant. From Lewis Centre, by White Sulphur Springs, to Plain City. From Liberty, by Goodwin, to Fair Haven. From Lima, by Allentown, to Spencerville. From Lima, to Mercer, by Arcadia, and Mendon. From Lima to Saint John's. From Litchfield to Grafton. From Little Hocking to Cutler. From Locust Grove, by Lovett's, Bell, North Uniontown, and Marshall, to Hillsboro'. From Locust Grove, by Marble Furnace, Gustine, Tranquility, and Youngsville, to Eckmansville. From Logan to East Rush Creek. From Logan to South Bloomingville. From Logan, by Straitsville, Pike, New Lexington, Rehoboth, and Buckeye Cottage, to Fultonham. From Logansville, by Rhinehart and Amherst, to Lima. From London, by Cross-Roads, Bloomingburgh, Washington CourtHouse, Convenience, and Frankfort, to Chillicothe. From London, by Lafayette, Somerford, and Tradersville, to lRosedale. 2From Long Run to ZFallsburg. From Louisville to Osnaburgh. From Lowell, by Regnier's Mills, Gardner, South Olive, and Olive, to Sharon. From Lucasville, by mouth of Bear Creek, Bandnout's Store, and Mount Joy, to Rarden. From Lynchburg, by Dodsonville, Princeton, Buford, Sicily, White Oak Valley, and New Hope, to Georgetown. From McArthur s, by Elk, Swan, Cassboro', and Ewing, to Logan. From MeArthur, by Laurel Grove, to South Bloomingville. From McArthur to Vinton Station. From McConnellsville, by Tunnell Ridge, and Bloom Hill, to Rural Dale. From McConnellsville, by Malta, Pennsville, Chester Hill, Bartlett, North Union, Decaturville, and Filmore, to Little Hockhocking. From McConnellsville, by Malta, Pennsville, Stockport, Brown's Mills, Watertown, Barber, and Harmer, to Marietta. From AMcConnellsville, by Wolf Creek, Ringgold, Wise's Cross-Roads, and. Bishopsville, to Trimble. From McCoy's to Knoxville. From Macon to Leipsic. From Malta, by Chapel Hill, and Sunday Creek Cross-Roads, to Straitsville. From Malvern to Leesville. From Mansfield, by Lexington, Belleville, Butler, Shaler's Mills, Maple Grove, Fredericktown, Mount Vernon, Utica, and Saint Louisville, to Newark. From Mansfield, by Shelby, Plymouth, New Haven, Centertown, Havana, Pontiac, Monroeville, and Bloomingville, to Sandusky. From Maria Stine to Minster. From Marietta to Cow Run. From Marion, by Big Island, Cochranton, Marseilles, Mount Blanchard, Blanchard Bridge, and Asherey, to Findley. From Marion, by Le Timberville, Bucyrus, Chatfield, Attica, Reedtown, and Sherman, to Bellevue. From Marion, by Maple Grove, to Middletown. From Marion, by Wilson, and Rush Creek, to lRichwood. From Marysville, by Allen Centre, Coberley's, West Middleburgh, East Liberty, Raymond, and Zanesfield, to Bellefontaine. From Marysville, by Boke's Creek, to Kenton. 234 POST-ROADS. From Mayfield to Gate's Mills. From Marysville, by the Kenton Pike, to Boke's Creek. From Marysville, by Mount Victory, Kenton, and Mount Washing ton, to Findley. From Marysville, by New California, and Jerome, to Dublin. From Massillon, by Canal Fulton, Clinton, Nimisila, Akron, Cuya hoga Falls, and Stow, to Hudson. From Massillon, by Navarre, Bolivar, Zoar, Canal Dover, New Philadelphia, Tusearawas, Guadenhutten, Port Washington, Newcomerstown, White Eye Plains, and West Lafayette, to Coshocton. From Massillon to Wilmot. From Medina, by Mallett's Creek, Litchfield, Pennfield, Wellington, Brighton, East Clarksfield, Clarksfield, and Hartland, to Norwalk. From Mendon to Celina. From Middletown, by Jacksonburgh, West Elkton, Gratis, and Wheatville, to Eaton. From Middletown, by Le Sourdsville, and Princeton, to Port Union. From Middleton to Winche'ter. From Milan to Sandusky. From Millersburg, by Benton, Mount Hope, Mount Eaton, and West Lebanon, to Massillon..From Millersburg, by Berlin, Walnut Creek, and Shanesville, to Canal Dover. From Millersburg, by Berlin, Winesburg, and Deardoff's Mills, to Bolivar. From Millersburg, by Nashville, Greersville, Brownsville, North Liberty, Shaler's Mills, Palmyra, Waterford, and Pulaskiville, to Mount Gilead. From Millersburg, by Nashville, to Loudonville. From Millersburg, by Oxford, Kilbuck, Van Buren, and Ridge, to Warsaw. From Milford, by Belfast, Newtonsville, Edenton, and West Woodville, to Blanchester. From Milford, by Mulberry, Goshen, Butlersville, Pleasant Plain, Blanchester, and Westboro', to New Vienna. From Milford, by Perrin's Mills, Marathon, 1Monterey, Fayetteville, Dodsonville, Allenburg, and Economy, to Hillsboro'. PFrom Morristown, by Olive Hill, Barnesville, Somerton, and Malaga, to Woodsfield. From Minerva, by New Franklin, Mount Union, Mahoning, Limaville, and Atwater, to Edinburgh. From Morrow, by Rochester, Clarksville, Sligo, Wilmington, Wilson's Station, Sabina, Washington Court-House, New Holland, Williamsport, Circleville, and Amanda, to Lancaster. From Mount Airy to New Baltimore. From Mount- Blanchard to Forrest. From Mount Blanchard, by Houcktown, and Elm Grove, to Findley. From Mount Gilead, by Andrew's and Shanck's, to Lexington. From Mount Gilead, by Burnes' Corners, and Harmony Township, to Sparta. From Mount Gilead, by Iberia, Galion, Leesville, West Liberty, De Kalb, anqd Tiro, to Plymouth. From Mount Gilead, by Smith's Mills, and Whetstone, to Corsica. From Mount Vernon, by Democracy, Jelloway, Loudonville, Big Prairie, Wooster, Madisonburgh, Old Hickory, Guilford, Medina, Brunswick, Strongville, Middlebtrgh, Parma, Brooklyn, and Ohio City, to Cleveland. From Mount Vernon, by Gainbier, Wolf, Bladensburg, New Guilford, West Bedlford, Tyrone, and Roscoe, to Coshocton. From Mount Vernon, by Sparta, Marengo, Macon, and Bennington, to Ashley. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 235 From Naslhport, by Perryton, Fallsburg, and Martinsburg, to Utica. From Nelson to Southington. From Nelsonville to Hartleyville. From Nelsonville, by Hitchcock's Mills, Hocksville, and Medill, to New Lexington. From Nevada, by Seal, Belle Vernon, Sycamore, Mexico, McCutchenville, Berwick, New Riggle, and Watson's Cross-Roads, to Fostoria. From Newark, by Chatham, Sylvania, Appleton, and Croton, to Sunberry. From Newark to Granville. From Newark to Millwood. From Newark, by Thornville, Somerset, Maxville, Logan, Plymouth, McArthur, Charleston, Berlin, Jackson, and Sciotoville, to Portsmouth. From New Bremen to Anna Station. From New Bremen to Dinsmore. From New Bremen, by Knoxville, to Wapakonetta. From New Brighton, by Darlington. Palestine,Washingtonville, Salem, Damascoville, Mount Union, Barryville, Canton, Massillon, West Brookfield, East Greenville, Dalton, Number One, and East Union, to Wooster. From New Carlisle, by Brant, to Dayton. From New Carlise, by Medway, to Osborne. Froin New Castle to Gambier. From Newcomerstown to Bakersville. From New England to Amesville. From New Hagerstown, by Lamartine, Kilgore, Shober's Mills, Amsterdam, and Nebo, to Moore's Salt Works. FTom New Holland, by Clarksburgh, and Greenland, to Chillicothe. From New Holland to Pancoastburg. From New Lisbdn to Columbiana. From New Lisbon, by East Fairfield, East Palestine, and Unity, to Bluen Valley. I'rom New Lisbon, by Gaver's, MeKaig's Mills, Dungannon, Hastingsville, Mlechanicstown, to Carrollton. From New London to Centreville. From New London, by Clinton, and North Fairfield, to Centreton, and Steuben. From New London, by Clarksfield, Wakeman, Florence, and Furnace, to Vermillion. From New London, by Fitchville, Olena, and Bronson, to Norwalk. From New Madison to Brinley's Station. From New Madison, by Yankeetown, and Concordia, to Brinley's Statien. From New Market, by Berryville, and Fairfax, to Youngsville. From New Market to Carrollton. From New Market, by Fincastle, Ash Ridge, and Russellville, to Ripley. From New Philadelphia, by Altona, to Newcomerstown. From New Philadelphia, by Buchers, Rogersville, lRowville, New Bedford, and Kelley's, to Millersburg. From New Philadelphia, by Stone Creek, Rogersville, and Bakersville, to Chili. From New Plymouth, by Starr, and Union Furnace, to Logan. From New Paris, by Concordia, New Madison, and Fort Jefferson, to Greenville. From New Paris to New Westville. From New Portage, by Norton Centre, Western Star, Wadsworth, and River Styx, to Medina. From New Pichmond, by New Palestine, Mount Pisgah, Locust Corner, Batavia, Owenville, Newtonsville, Edenton, West Woodville, and Blanchester, to Edwardsville. 3'romn Newtonsviile to Brownsville. FromI Newtown Fals8 to Miltoln. 236 POST-ROADS. From Newville, by Hastings, and Barnes', to Mansfield. From Nonpareil to Coshocton. From North Fairfield, by Ripleyville, to Greenwich Station. From North Georgetown, by Beloit, and North Benton, to Deerfield. From North Liberty to Bentonville. From Norwalk, by Peru, North Fairfield, and Steuben, to New Haven. From Oak Hill, by Centreville, Ridgeway, Harrisburg, Porter, Pine Grove, Anselm, Kygerville, and Middleport, to Pomeroy. From Oak Hill, by Rocky Hill, Key Stone Furnace, Vinton, and Edington, to Wilkesville. From Oak Hill, by Wales, Patriot, Sand Fork, and Greasy Ridge, to Marion. From Oberlin to La Grange. From Omer to Bellevue. From Oneida Mills to Leesville. From Orange to Youngstown. From Osnaburg, by Mapleton, and Robertsville, to Paris. From Ottawa, to Charloe, by Sheridan, Dupont and Oakwood. From Ottokee, by Winameg, Lyons, and Oakfield, to Adrian, in Michigan. From Oxford, by Mixersville, in Indiana, Springfield, and Whitcomb, to Brookville. From Painesville, by Hillhouse, Thompson, South Thompson, Montville, and Huntsburg, to Middlefield. From Painesville, by North Bloomfield, to West Greenville, in Pennsylvania. From Paulding to Charloe. From Paulding to Emerald Station. From Paulding, by Paine's, to McGill's. From Perrysburg, by Lovett's Grove, and Bowling Green, to Portage. From Perrysburg, by Miltonville, and Weston, to Gilead. From Perrysburg, by Stony Ridge, to Woodville. From Perryville, by Palmer's Cross-Roads, and Riper's Settlement, to Ashland. From Petersburg, by New Springfield, North Lima, and East Lewistown, to Columbiana. From Piketon, by Gibson, to Flat. From Pioneer, by Amboy, and Ramson, to Hillsdale, in Michigan. From Pioneer, by Deer Lick, Durbin's Corners, to Bryan. From Piqua, by Lockington, Houston, Wynant, Loramie's, Minster, New Bremen, Saint Mary's, Kossuth, Deep Cut, Arcadia, Delphos, Doylestown, Dog Creek, Murat, and Charloe, to Junction. From Pittsburg, by Courtneyville, Sewicklyville, Sewickly Bottom, Economy, Baden, Freedom, Beaver, Rochester, New Brighton, Darlington, Enon Valley, East Palestine, New Waterford, Columbiana, Salem, Damascoville, East Westville, Alliance, Mount Union, Marlboro', Maxino, South Rome, Louisville, Canton, Massillon, North Lawrence, Baughman, Orrville, Wooster, Mill Brook, Big Prairie, Plympton, Shreve, Londonville, Perryville, Lucas, and Mansfield, to Crestline. From Pleasant to Kalida. From Poland, by:East Lewistown, to Columbiana. From Poland, by Youngstown, Girard, Niles, Warren, Champion, Southington, Farmington, Parkman, Burton, Claridon, Chardon, Concord, and Painesville, to Fairport. From Polk, by Albion, West Salem, Lodi, and Lafayette, to Medina. From Pomeroy to Athens. From Pomeroy, by Chester, Coalville, and Belpre, to Parkersburgh, in West Virginia. From Portsmouth to Locust Grove. From Portsmouth, by Rockville, Vanceburg, Stout's, Mahala, Con cord, Ebersole's Warehouse, Manchester, and Maysville, to Cincinnati. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 237 From Portsmouth, by Sciotoville, Wheelersburg, Franklin Furnace, French Grant, Hanging Rock, Ironton, Coal Grove, Greene's Store, Burlington, Guyandotte, in West Virginia, Quaker Bottom, Miller's, Swan Creekl, Green Bottom, Hereford, South New Castle, Raccoon Island, Gallipolis, Point Pleasant, Addison, Cheshire, Silver Run, and Salisbury, to Pomeroy. From Portsmouth, by Scioto, to Iron Furnace. From Powhatan Point, by Captina, Ring's Mills, Armstrong's Mills, Beallsville, and Pilcher, to Malaga. From Powhatan Point, by Kantzig's, Lantiz's, Gates' Yard, and Beallsville, to Malaga. From Providence, by Gilead, Shunk, Medary, and Buckeye, to Pleasant. From Pulaski, in Pennsylvania, by New Bedford and Coitsville, to Youngstown. From Racine, to Ravenswood, in West Virginia. From Rainsborough to Tranquility. From Ravenna, by Shalersville, Freedom, and Garretsville, to Hiram. From -Recovery, by Saint Henry's, and Saint John's, to Minster. From Reedtown, by:North Norwich, to Steuben. From Reesville, by New Falls, to Milton. From Republic, by Adams, and Butternut Ridge, to Green Creek. From Republic, by Bloomville, South Bloom, Lykens, and Broken Sword, to Bucyrus. From Republic to Clyde. From Richmond, by Pharisburg, to Marysville. From Richmond Dale, by Londonderry, Eagle Mills, and Bloomingville, to Logan. From Ridge, by Clark's Mills, to Bloomfield. From Ripley to Bradysville. From Ripley, by Decatur, Eckmansville, and North Liberty, to Youngstown. From Ripley, by Huntington, to Manchester. From Risdon, by Brown's Corners, and Bloom, to Woodbury. From River Styx to Guilford. From Rochester, in Pennsylvania, by Beaver, Jndustry, Smith's Ferry, Little Bridge, Calcutta, Cannon's Mills, New Lisbon, Buck's, New Garden, New Alexander, New Chambersburg, Moultrie, New Franklin, Paris, and Osnaburg, to Canton. From Rome to Barryville. From Roundhead, by Belle Centre, and Northwood, to Rushsylvania. From Sabina, by Quinn7s Mills, and Lee's Creek, to Highland. From Saint Clair to Calcutta. From Saint Clairsville, by Corinth, Jacobsburg, Captina, Ring's Mills, Armstrong's Mills, Beallsville, Woodsfield, Pilcher, Hunter, Lampsville, and Demos, to Saint Clairsville. From Saint Clairsville, by East Richland, Uniontown, Flushing, and New Athens, to Cadiz. From Saint Joseph's, by Arctic, Hamilton, in Indiana, Steubenville, Angola, Flint, and Brushy Prairie, to Lima. From Saint Joseph's, by William's Centre, Ney, and Brunersburg, to Defiance. From Saint Mary's, by Celina, Skeel's Cross-Roads, New Corydon, in Indiana, Limber Lost, Linn Grove, Vera Cruz, Bluffton, Murray, and Markle, to Huntingdon. From Saint Mary's, by Celina, Neptune, Boetia, Mercer, Shane's Crossing, Willshire, Pleasant Mills, in Indiana, Decatur, Monmouth, and Root, to Fort Wayne. From Salem to Carrollton. From Salem Oentre, by Danville, to Kyger. From Salem, by New Albany, Canfield, OrangeOhl'ss Town, Warren, 238 POST-ROADS. Bristolville, North Bloomfield, Orwell, Rome, Morgan, Eagleville, and Jefferson, to Ashtabula. From Salem, by North Georgetown, to Winchester. From Salineville, by Mechanicstown, Scroggsfield, Harlem Spring, Kilgore, Germano, and Fife, to Cadiz. From Sampson, by Abbottsville, to Greenville. From Sandusky to Toledo. From Scio to Carroliton. From Scioto Furnace, by Lyra, Clinton Furnace, and Powellsville, to Kelly's Mills. From Senecaville, by Buffalo, and Dyson's, to Cambridge. From Seven Mile, by Jacksonborough, West Elkton, Gratis, West Alexandria, Lewisburgh, Euphemia, Hagerstown, Castine, and Fort Jefferson. to Greenville. From Shadeville to Genoa. From Shalersville, by Streetsboro', Hudson, Peninsula, Richfield, and Hinckley, to Brunswick. From Sharon, by Byesville, to Cambridge. From Sharonville, by West Chester, Bethany, and Monroe, to Blue Hill. From Sharp's Fork, by Pleasant Valley, Woody's Mill, Rosseau, and Chaneyville, to McConnellsville. From Sheffield Lake, by Avon Lake, to Dover. From Shelby, by DeKalb, and Sulphur Springs, to Bucyrus. From Sidney, by Pratt, Quincy, De Graff, and L6gansville, to Bellefontain'e. From Sidney, by Valentia, Dinsmore, Wapakonetta, Lima, Kalida, and Franconia, to Charloe. From Simmon's Run, by Mohawk, to New Castle. From Sinking Spring, by Byington, Morgan's Fork, Jasper, Piketon, Beaver, and Meadow Branch, to Jackson. F'rom Somerset to Jacksontown. From Somerset to Lancaster. From Somerset, by Rehoboth, New Lexington, Pike, Whipstown, Sunday Creek, Hartleyville Cross-Roads, Trimble, and Millfield, to Athens. From South Charleston to South Solon. From South Rome, by Freeburgh, to Paris. From South Woodbury to Ashley. From Sparta to Middletown. From Springfield, by:Donnelsville, New Carlisle, and Fair Mount, to Troy. From Springfield, by Enon, Fairfield, Kneisley, and lHarshmansville, to Dayton. From Springfield, by Harmony, Vienna Cross-Roads, Summerford, West Jefferson, and Alton, to Columbus. From Springfield, by Mechanicsburg, Milford Centre, Marysville, Little Mill Gareek, and Scioto Bridge, to Delaware. From Springfield, by Tremout, and Terre Haute, to Northampton. From Springfield, by Urbana, West Liberty, Bellefontaine, Huntsville, New Richland, Belle Centre, Kenton, Sylvia, Forest, Carey, Whartonsburg, Adrian, Tiffin, Watson's Station, Green Spring, Clyde, and Castalia, to Sandusky. From Steubenville, by Bargar's Shop, to Mount Pleasant. From Steubenville, by Browning's Mills, Island Creek, Knoxville, New Somerset, Mitchell's Salt Works, 1Moore's Salt Works, Croxton, Salineville, Inverness, and West Beaver, to New Lisboml From Steubenville, by Hartford's Mill, to Bowling Green. From Steubenville, by Island Creek, and Knoxville, to New Somerlset. From Steubenville, by Wintersville, Bloomingdale, Hopedalo, Cadiz, IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 239 Cassville, Moorfield, Smyrna, Londonderry, Antrim, Winchester, and Cable, to Cambridge. From Steubenville, by Wintersville, Cross Creek, Richmond, East Springfield, Amsterdam, Harlem Spring, Carrollton, New Harrisburg, and Waynesburg, to Canton. From Steubenville, by Wintersville, Richmondcl, Annapolis, Germano, New Rumley, Scio, Conotton, New Ha gerstown, Leesville, Roclkford, and New Philadelphia, to Canal Dover, From Strasburg, by Freeburg, to Paris. From Sunbury, by Porter, Kingston Centre, Nimmon's Cross-Roads, IMarengo, Bennington, and Lincoln, to Mfount Gilead. From Sunbury-, by Vail7s Cross-Roads, Porter, Sparta, Fredericktown, and Shaler's Mills, to North Liberty. From Sunfish, by Baresville, to Sardis. From Sunfish, by Jonesville, and Rocky Narrows, to Woodsfield. From Tiffin, by Adams, Green Spring, Clyde, York, North Ridge, Townsend, and Castalia, to Sandusky. Fromn Tiffin, by Baceom, to Stoner. From Tiffin, by Republic, West Lodi, Flat Rock, Bellevue, Groton Centre, and Cook's Corner, to Sandusky. From Tippecanoe, by Ginghamsburg, and Fidelity, to Union. From Toledo, by Genoa, Elmore, Fremont, Clyde, Bellevue, Monroeville, Milan, Norwalk, East Townsend, Wakeman, Camden Station, and Oberlin, to Grafton Station. From Toledo, by Hardy, Swantown, Delta, Essex, Ottokee, Tedrow, Allston, Elmira, West Unity, and Durbin's Corners, to Bryan. From Toledo, by Java, Ai, Parcher's Corners, Emery, Blanc, Deer Lick, Domestic, Bridgewater, Nettle Lake, Fish Creek, Indiana, and Angola, to La Grange. From Tranquillity, by Campbell's Mfill, to Fairfax. From Trenton, by Woodside, and Flanner's Corner, to Excello. From Troy, by Alcony, to Christiansburg. From Troy, by Covington, Robinsol's, and New Htarrison, to Greenville. From Tupperss Plains, by Long Bottom, to Chester. From Twinsburg, by Solon, Orange, and Atwater, to Edinburg. From Union, by Centre, West Baltimore, and Ithaca, to Castine. From Union to Eagle Creek. From Upper Sandusky, by Belle Vernon, Sycamore, Mexico, Melmore, and Bloomingville, to Republic. From Upper Sandusky, by Browntown, to Marseilles. From Urbana, by Spring Hills, to De Graff. From Urbana, by Westville, Baker, Christiansburg, and Casstown, to Troy. From Urbana, by Westville, Millerstown, Careysville, Palestine, and Plattsville, to Sidney. From Urbana, by Westville, Saint Paris, Allen7s, and Fletcher, to Piqua. ~From Van Buren, by Portage Cross-Roads, Ten Mile Creek, North tRidge, and Belnore, to Ridgeland. From Van Wert to Celina. From Van Wert, by Gilbert's Mills, to Timberville. From Van Wert, by Paulding, and Emerald, to Cranesville. From Van Wert, by WTolfeate's Mills, and Blakie's Store, to Decatur, in Indiana. From Vaughnsvilie by Gomer, Delphos, Van Wert, and Recruit, to Fort Wayne, in Indiana. From Vaughnsville to Pleasant. l'rom Vinton Fuirnlace to Vail's Mills. From Wadsworth to Guiitbrd. From Walhondilng, by Tiverton, and Danville, to Democracy. 240 POST-ROADS. From Walhonding, by Yankee Ridge, Jones' Corners, Dewitt's Ridge, and Drake's Valley, to Loudonville. From Warren, by Bazetta, Mecca, Greensburg, Phelps, New Lyme, and Lenox, to Jefferson. From Warren, by Lordstown, North Jackson, and Ellsworth, to Salem. From Warsaw to Coshocton. From Washington, by Bloomingsburg, Midway, and Newport, to London. From Washington, by New Gottengen, Senecaville, Mount Ephraim, Sarahsville, Olive, Sharon, Gardner, South Olive, Regneir's Mills, and Claytona, to Lowell. From Washington Court-Eouse, by Convenience, Austin, and Frankfort, to Chillicothe. From Washington Court-Holse, by Jeffersonville, South Solon, Grape Grove, Jamestown, New Jasper, Xenia, Eureka Mills, and Bellbrook, to Centreville. From Washington Court-House, by Staunton, Moons, Leesburg, and Samantha, to Hillsboro'. From Wapakoneta, bfy Unionopolis, Waynefield, Roundhead, and McDonald, to Kenton. From Waterville, by Groveland, Lavona, West Barre, Ridgeville Corners, and Oak, to Bryan. From Wauseon, by Lena, and Ridgeville Corners, to Defiance. From Wauseon, by Ottokee, Tedrow, Emery, and Morenci, to Clayton, in Michigan. From Waverly, by Allison, and Iron Spring, to Bainbridge. From Waverly, by Pee Pee and Morgan, to Cynthiana. From Waverly, by Sohn's Corners, to Beaver. From Waynesville to Springboro'. From Wellersville, by Knovxille, Richmond, Bloomingdale, Smithfield, Mount Pleasant, and Colerain, to Saint Clairsville. From Wellsville, by East Liverpool, Little Beaver Bridge, and Ohioville, to Achor. From Wellsville, by Glasgow, West Point, New Lisbon, Franklin Square, Salem, North Birmingham, North Benton, Deerfield, Edinburg, and Campbellsport, to tRavenna. From Wellsville, by Inverness, Salineville, Hlastingsville, Norristown, and Augusta, to Minerva. From West Jefferson, by Montpelier, Bridgeport, Morgansville, Woodbridge, Cambria, Cambria Centre, and Cambria Village, to Hillsdale, in Michigan. From West Jefferson, by Wahoo, to Mechanicsburg. From West Jefferson, by West Canaan, Darby Creek, Darby Plains, Rosedale, Mechanicsburg, and Mutual, to Urbana. From West Liberty, by Pickereltown, to Delaware. From West Milton, by Laura, Painter Creek, and Poplar Ridge, to Greenville. From Weston to McComb. From West Salem, by Red Haw, Rows, Jeromeville, Mohican, and McZena, to Plimpton. From West Union, by Cedar Run, and Mineral Springs, to Locust Grove. From West Union, by Waggoner's Ripple, Stout's, Rockville, and Friendship, to Portsmouth. From West Union, by Wheat Ridge, and Newport, to Tranquility. From West Union, by Wheat Ridge, to Youngsville. _From West Unity, by Domestic, Primrose, Wright, and Woods. to Pittsford in Michigan. From West Unity, to South Wright, in Michigan. From Weymouth by Medina, and Whittlesea, to Chatham. From Jackson to California. IN THE STATE OF OHIO. 241 From Wheelersburg, by Junior, Kelley's Mills, Elizabeth, Campbell, Patriot, and Thurman, to Vinton. From Wheeling, in West Virginia, by Bridgeport, Saint Clairsville, Lloydsville, Morristown, Hendrysburg, Fairview, Middleburg, Washington, Cambridge, New Concord, NTorwich, and Bridgeville, to Zanesville. From.Wheeling, in West Virginia, by Martin's Ferry, Colerain, Mount Pleasant, Adena, Harrisville, Short Creek, Cadiz, Deersville, Feed Spring, Ulricksville, New Philadelphia, Canal Dover, Strasburg, Deardoff's Mills, Frease's Store, Mount Eaton, and Apple Creek, to Wooster. From Wheeling, in West Virginia, by Short Creek, Warrenton, Wellsburg, Steubenville, Jeddo, Elliottsville, Port Homer, and Mouth of Yellow Creek, to Wellsville. From Whipple to Masterton. From Williamsburg, by De La Palma, Union Plains, Buford, and Nevin, to New Market. From Williamsburg, by New Harmony, to New Hope. From Williamsburg, by Sardinia, and lFincastle, to Scott. From Wilkesville, by Eagle Furnace, and Vinton Furnace, to Mc. Arthur. From Willoughby, by Mayfield, to Gates' Mills. From Willshire to Van Wert. Fromn Wilmington, by Cuba, to Blanchester. From Wilmington, by Cuba, Martinsville, Lynchburg, Sharpsville, and Willettville, to EIillsboro'. From Wilmington, by New Antioch, Snow Hill, New Vienna, High. land, Leesburg, Centrefield, Greenfield, South Salem, and Lattas, to Chillicothe. From Wilmington, by Oakland, and Harveysburg, to Waynesville. From Wilmington, by Port William, Paintersville, Lumberton, and New Burlington, to Spring Valley. From Winchester, by Milnersville, Paoli, and Albany, to Port Washington. From Winter's Station, by Bettsville, and Fort Seneca, to Tiffin. From Woodsfield, by Graysville, Antioch, Cochran's Landing, Jolly, Flint's Miills, Lawrence, and Lower Lawrence, to lMarietta. From Woodville, by Lewisville, Summerfield, Byrne, Stafford, Masterton, Harrietsville, Middle Creek, Regnier's Mills, Aurelia, Lower Salem, Bonn, and Fearing, to Marietta. From Woodville, by Whitestown, Ottawa, Port Clinton, and Marblehead, to Sandusky. From Worthington to Dublin. From Wooster, by Blackleysville, Mohican, and McKay, to Perryville. From Wooster, by Cooper, Cedar Valley, Congress, West Salem, iRomerville, Spencer, and Pennufield, to La Grange. From Wooster, by Mooreland, Mill Brook, Shreve, Nashville, and.Black Creek, to Humphreysville. From Wooster, by New Pittsburg, Rows, Ashland, and West Windsor, to Mansfield. From Wooster, by Plain, Reedsburg, Jeromesburg, Haysville, Mifflin, Mansfield, Ontario, Riblett's, Galion, and Olentangy, to Bucyrus. From Wooster, by Robinson's Woolen Factory, Uniontown, and Lafayette, to Savannah. From Wooster, by Smithville, to Marshallville, Easton, Chippewa, Johnson's Corners, New Portage, Akron, Middlebury, Tallmadge, Brimfield, Ravenna, Charlestown, Parisville, and Newton Falls, to Warren. From Wyandot to Nevada. From Xenia, by Alpha, Zimmerman's, Williamstown, Dayton, Liberty, New Lebanon, Johnsville, West Alexahndria, Eaton, Upshur, New Westville, Richmond, in Indiana, Centreville, East Germantown, Cambridge, Dublin, Lewisville, Ogden, Raysville, Knightstown, R s III- 16 242 POST-ROADS. Charlottesville, Kinnard, Greenfield, Philadelphia, and Cumberland, to Indianapolis.:Frlom Xenixa, 1by New Jasper, Paintersville, Lumberton, and Port William, to Wilmington. From Zaleski to New Plymouth. From Zanesville, by Chandlersville, and Rich Hill, to Cumberland. From Zanesville, by Duncan's Falls, Blue Rock, Rokeby, McConnellsville, Neelysville, Beverly, Waterford, Coal Run, and Lowell, to Marietta. From Zanesville, by East, Greenwood, Adamsville, Otsego, and Plainfield, to White Eye Plains. From Zanesville, by Hopewell, Gratiot, Brownsville. Liunville, Jacksontown, Hebron, Kirkersville, Etna, Reynoldsburg, and Hibernia, to Columbus. From Zainesville, by Lexington, New Lancaster, Circleville, Washington, Wilmington, and Morrow, to Cincinnati.'From Zanesville, by Nashport, Hanover, Clay Lick, Newark, Pataskala, Columbia Centre, Hibernia, and Black Lick, to Columbus.,.From Zanesville, by Putnam, Newton, Roseville, Deavertown, Triadelphia, Hall's Valley, and Malta, to McConnellsville. t From Zanesville, by Putuam, White Cottage, Fultonham, Sago, Somerset, Rushville, West Rushville, Lancaster, Clear Creek, Tarleton, Camp Charlotte, Kingstown, Chillicothe, Bourneville, Bainbridge, Rainsboro', Dallas, Hillsboro', New Market, Sugar Tree Ridge, Scott, Eckmanville, Bentonville, Bradyville, and Aberdeen, to Maysville, in Kentucky. From Zanesville, by Rix's Mills, Chandlersville, and Fulland's, to Cumberland. From Zanesville, by Shannon, to Frazeysburg. From Zanesville, by Symnmes' Creek, to Dresden. From Zanesville, by Symmes' Creekh Saintfield, ancd Will's Creek, to Coshocton. From Zanesville, by West Zanesvills, Muskingum, Dresden, Adams' Mills, Conesville, Roscoe, Coshocton, Canal Lewisville, Keene, Clark's, Millersburg, Holmesville, and FredericksbuLrg, to Wooster. From Young Hickory, by High Hill, and Ridgeway, to Duncan's Falls. From Young Hickory, by Saind Hollow, to Bristol. IFrom Youngstown, by Church Hill, Vienna, Fowler, Johnsonville, Gustavus, Lindenville, Cherry Valley, and Dorset, to Jefferson. From Youngstown, by Coitsville, to Nevw Bedford, in Pennsylvania. From Youngstownl by Hubbard, Brookfield, Hartford, Vernon, Kinsmnans. Williamsfield, Andover, Richmond Centre, Pierpont, Monroe Centre, and South Ridge, to Conneaut. From Youngstown, to Mercer, in Pennsylvania. From Youngstown, to Sharon, in Pennsylvania. Oregon. IN THlE STATE OF OI;REGON. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Albany, by Boston Mills, to Brownsville. 230, v. 10, pp. 544, From Albany, by Burlington, to Thurston. 545. 1855, c From Albany, by Lebanon, Sweet Home Valley, Camp Polk, Crooked 11, v. 10, p. 71. River, and Ochaca Valley, to Mountain House. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Amity, by Marsh's Store, to Sheridan. 168,. 11, p. 134. From Ashland, by Brown's, Link River, Lost River, Yanox, Drew's 109,., 239, p. Valley, and Hot Springs, in Goose Lake Valley, to Lake City, in Cali14 June, 1858, c. fornia. 162, v. 11, i. 358. From Astoria, by Catalamet, Oak Point, Rainier, Saint Helen'7s Co527 ]b., 1861, c. lumbia City, ancld Sauvie's Islanld, to Portland. 730 Jun1e,18364, C From Astoria, by Clatsop, Summer House, Elk Creelq, Nehalem, 175, v. 13, p. 320. Miami Point, Glhilches' Point, and Netart's Landing, to Tillarnook. From Astoria, by Hilsboro', Tualitin, North Yam Hill, Steward's, IN THE STATE OF OREGO N. 243 South Yam Hill, Ham pton'ls, Wesmith Mills, King's V(alley, Calapooya, 3 March, 1865, c. and Yoncalla, to Shasta, in California. 104, v. 13, p. 5 From Auburn to Clarksville. 1 r16. 14, l. 8. From Auburn, by Pocahontas, Riggsville, and Dealy's Station, to 18 July, 1866, c. Umatilla, with a branch to Granite Creek Mines, and Independence 202, v. 14, p. 190. City, from Dealy's Station. 26 Jy, 186 From Baker City, by Auburn, and Pocahontas, to Riggsville. 267arc, 14, p. 287. From Baker City, to Gem City, by Pritchard's Bridge, and Augusta. 191, v. 14, p. 554. From Baker City to Wingville. 30 March, 1868, c. From Brownsville, by Crawfordsville, and Camp Creek, to Eugene 35, v.15, p. 52. 25 July, 1868, c. City. 244, v. 15, p. 192. From Brownsville, by Peoria, Corvallis, Suinmit, Haptonstalls, 3 March, 1869, c. Pioneer City, Little Elk, and Oysterville, to Newport. 131, v. 15, p. 332. From Camp Bidwell, in California, by Goose Lake Valley, to Camp,10 April 1,869 c. Warner. 5 March, 1870, c. From Caiion City, by Susanville, Elk District, True's Station, Olin 22, v. 16, p. 74. Creekl, Independence, and Auburn, to Baker City. 14 July, 1870, c. 273, v. 16, p. 289. From Caiion City, to Wiunemucca, in Nevada. 28 Feb., 1871 From Cascades to Wascapun. 101, v. 16, p. 466. From Columbia City, by Washougal, to Cascades. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Corvallis to Alsea Valley. 6, v. 17, p. 26. From Corvallis, by Jennyopolis, Starr's Point, and Siuslaw, to Yon- 14 May, 1872, p. calla. 159, v.17, p. 112. callae. 3 March, 1873, c. From Corvallis to King's Valley. 55, v. 17, p. 595. From Corvallis, by Pierce's Office and Winchester, to Eugene City. From Corvallis, by Reeder's Mill, King's Valley, and Pioneer, to Yaquima. From Dallas, by Antelope Valley, Camp Watson, John Day City, Cafon City, Marysville, Union, Strawberry Valley, Calnp Logan, and Willow Creek, to Boise City, in Idaho Territory. From Dallas, by Cahion City, and Independence, to Boise City, in Idaho. From Dallas, by Salt Creek, and Hall's, to Grand Ronde. From Dallas, by Selilo, Umatilla, and Wallula, to Walla-Walla. From The Dalles, by Fifteen Mile Creek, Tygh Valley, Oak Grove, Warm Spring Reservation, and Willow Creek, to Upper Ocheco. From The Dalles to Crooked River. From The Dalles to Ocheco Valley. From The Dalles, by Rockland, in Washington Territory, Block House, and Simcoe, to Yaquima. From The Dalles, on the Columbia River, to Umatilla, in Unmatilla County. From East Portland, by Powell's Valley, and Sandy, to Eagle Point. From Elk City, by Philomath, and Corvallis, to Lewisville. From Eugene City, by Butte Disappointment, Big Prairie, Pine Openings, Diamond Peak, Sprague's Valley, Round Grove, Drew's Valley, Goose Lake, and Surprise Valley, to Winnemucca, in Nevada. From Express Ranch to Humboldt Basin. From Fairfield, by Saint Louis, Waconda, Parkersville, and Monitor, to Needy. From Forest Grove to Astoria. From Hot Springs, by Fort Klamath, to Jacksonville. From Humboldt Basin, by Amelia City, El Dorado City, and Clarksville, to Express Ranch. From Jacksonville, by Central Point, Brownsborough, and Big Butte, to Sam's Valley. From Jacksonville, by Central Point, and Bybee's Ferry, to McDaniel's Mills. From Jacksonville, by Mansaneta, to Frederick Westgate's. From Jaclksonville, by Mansaneta, Hanna's Ferry, Big Meadow, Little and Big Butte Creek, and Sam's Valley, to Jacksonville. 244 POST-RO ADS. From Jacksonville, by Link River, Lost River, Hot Springs, Goose Lake Valley, and Lake City, to Camp Bidwell, in California. From Lafayette, by Dayton, Spring Valley, Rickreall, and Lackemute, to Corvallis. From Lafayette, by McMinville, Muddy, and Wilhelmina, to Grand Round Reservation Agency. From Lafayette to Tillamook Valley. From La Grande to Cation City. From La Grande, by Summerville, to Wallowa Valley. From Linn City, by Mount Sylvania, to Hillsboro'. From Linntonr by Tualitin Plains, and John Harrison's Mills, to Forest Grove. From Lewisville to Elk City. From Lewisville, by King's Valley, Blodgett's Valley, and Saguina Bay, to Elk City. From Nehalem, by Clatskanie, to Oak Point, in Washington Territory. From Nehalem to Westport. From New England to Coalville. From North Caifonville, by Middle Ferry, Dardanelles, Jacksonville, and Klamath, in California, to Yreka. From Oregon City to La Fayette. From Oregon City, by Cutting Mills, Glad Tidings, Silverton, Sublimity, and Scio, to Lebanon. From Oregon City, by Harrison Wright's, Richard Miller's, andl Samuel Allen's, to Salem. From Oregon City, by Lebanon, to Sublimity. From Oregon City, by Molalla, to Calapooya. From Oregon City, by Willamette, Buteville, Champoag, Fairfield, Salem, Cincinnati, Independence, Bloomington, and New Albany, to Corvallis. From Pendleton to IDalles. From Pendleton, by Forks of Birch Creek, and Rock Creek, to Scotts. From Portland, by Bridgeport, and Chehalem Gap, to Dayton. From Portland, by Cedar Mill, West Union, and Glencoe, to Greenville. From Portland, by Harris7 Ferry, Chehalem, La Fayette, Forest's, Rlickreall, and Laville's Store, to Corvallis. From Portland, by Hillsboro', Tualitin, and Wapatoo, to Lafayette. From Portland, by Milwaukee, to Oregon City. From Portland, by Montsylvania, Taylor's Ferry, Rock Creek, Chehalam Gap, Roger's Ferry, and Old French Mission, to Salem. From Portland to Netart's Bay. From Portland, by Phillip Foster's, across the Cascade Mountains, to Old Fort Walla-Walla. From Portland, by Taylor's Ferry, and Chehalem Gap, to Lafayette. From Portland, by Taylor's Ferry, Dayton, Amity, Rickreall, and Monmouth, to Corvallis. From Portland, by Union School-House, Philip Foster's, and Cuttingsville, to Silverton. From Port Orford, by Kaw's Bay, to Scottsburg. From Port Orford, by Randolph, and Empire City, to Winchester. From Port Orford, to Shasta, in California. From Roseburg, by the Coquille Valley, to Empire City. From REoseburg, by Looking-Glass, Brewster Valley, Benton Prairie, Coos City, and Mansfield, to Empire City. From Roseburg, by Looking-Glass Prairie, Ten-Mile Prairie, Camas Valley, and Coquille Valley, to Empire City. From Roseburg to Rlandolph. From Roseburg, by Ten-Mlile Creek, Caimas Valley, Junction of Middle and South Forks of Coquille, Lenharis Prairie, and Sixes Mines, to Port Orford. IN THE STATE OF PEN NSYLVANT IA. 245 From Salem, along the military road, to Astoria. From Sa!lem, by Cincinnati, Ford's, and Dallas, to Tillamook. From Salem, by Cincinnati, and Iickrea11, to Dallas. From Salem, by Doake's Ferry, to La Fayette. From Salem, by Fort, Yamhill, to Grand Round Reservation Agency. From Salem to Franklin Butte. From Salem, by Howell Prairie, to Silverton. From Salem, by Lincoln, Zena, and Bethel, to Sheridan. From Salem to E. H. Randall's..From Salem, by Santiam City, Central Washington, Calapooya, Union Point, Lot Shaw's Mills, Williamette Forks, McKenzie, Eugene City, and Spencer Butte, to Pleasant Hill. From Salem to Tillamook Bay. From Salt Lake City, by Klamath Lake, and Jackson, to Roseburgh. From Salt Lake City, by the Wallen route, to Dalles. From Scottsburg to Winchester. Fromi Starr's Point to Eugene City. From Steilacoom to Tecoma. From Sublimity, by Santyaim Forks, to Pleasant Hill.'From Syracuse, by Albany, Burlington, and Thurston, to Willamette Forks. From Umatilla, by Le Grand, to Baker City. From Umatilla, by the county-seat of Yaquima and the Snoqualmie Pass, to Seattle, in Washington Territory. From Uniontown, by Cone, Sum merville, and Indian Valley, to Wallowa. From Union to Gem City. From Wallowa to Lakeville. From Washington Butte to Grass Hill. From Wascapun,-by Fort Boise, and Fort Hall to Salt Lake, in Utah. From Yoncalla, by Oakland, Deer Creek, Winchester, and Myrtle Creek, to North Cahonville. From Yoncalla, by Elkton, Mouth of Umpqua, Scottsburg, and Gardiner, to Umpqua City. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Pennsylvania. From Aaronsburg, by Rebersburg, Logan Mills, and Sugar Valleyr, to 3 Aug., 1854, c. Salona. 230, v. 10, pp. 387From Adamstown, by Swartzville, and Reinhold's Station, to Rein- 404. holdsville. 211, v. 10, p. 705. Frolm Agnew's Mills, by Emlenton, Big Bend, Clintonville, Centre- 18 Aug., 1856, c. town, and Irishtown, to Mercer. 168, v. 11, pp. 134, Fromn Agnew's WNills, by Porterfield, and Rocklancd, to Cranberry. 35. March, 1857,.... 3 March, 1857, c. From Agnew's Mills, by Lamartine, and Five Points, to Cass. 109, pp. 230,231. From Alba to Fall Brook. 14 June, 1858, c. From Albert's, by Dorrance, and Hobbie, to Wapwallopen. 162, v. 11, pp. 358, From Allegheny to Prentiss Vale. 359. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Allen to Boiling Spring. 57, v. 12, p. 164. From Allentown, by Bucksville, North Whitehall, Trexlerville, 2 June, 1862, c. Slatington, Lehigh Gap, Parryville, Lehighton, Mauch Chunk, Lau- 95, v. 12, pp. 418, sanne, Beaver Meadows, Hazleton, Sybertsville, Conyngham, Sloyers- 419 1862 V14 July, 1862, c. ville, and Nescopeck, to Berwick. 171, v. 12, p. 574. From Allentown, by Catasauqua, and Laubach, to ChLerryville. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Allentown, by Centre Valley, Friedensville, Bethlehem, and 55, v 12, ppO 663, Hecktown, to Nazareth. 30 Jue, 664. c From Allentown, by Emau's, Millerstown, and Long Swamp, to Mertz- 175, V. 13, p. 320. town. 3 March, 1865, c. From Allentown, by Millerstown, Shimerville, Upper Milford, Clay- 104,V. 13, p.524. tonville, Schultzvil }l~ Buckset's Storo, New Berlin, and Oystertown, to 16,v14,p. 86, e. Pottstown. 246 POST-BOA L)S. 26 July, 1866, c. Fronl Allentown, by Orefield, to Schnecksville. 267, v. 14, PP. 281, From Allentown, by South Whitehall, Foglesville, Grimville, Klines2 March, 1867, c. ille, Hamburg, and Shartleysville, to Rehrersburg. 191, v. 14, p. 554. From Alpine to Rossville. 30 Mar., 1868, c. From Andesville, by Centre, Andersonburg, and Blain, to New Ger35, v. 15, pp. 53,54. nantown. 25 July, 1868, c. 244, lT 15, pp. 192, From Andesville, by Roseburg, Ickesburg, and Shull's Mills, to Sandy 193. Hill. 3 March, 1869, c. From Andesville, by Sandy Hill, to Andersonburg. 13 AVt.15l, 1p3G9. From Annville, by Bellview, and Water Works, to Jonestown. 30, v. 16, p. 50. From Annville, by Carper's, Kelly's Corner, and Centreville, to Mount 5 Maich, 1870, c. Joy. 22, v. 16, p. 74. From Armagh to Heshbon. 14 July, 1870, c. From Ansonville, by Bloomington, by Curwinsville. 273, v. 16, p. 289. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Arnsonville, by McGarvey's, fand Westover, to Cherrytree. 10o, v. 1(;, pp. 466- From Ansonville to Lumber City. 468. AFrom Ashland, by Gordon, Taylorsville, and Weishampleton, to 1He320 April, 1871, gins. 16 Ja.1, 1872, c. From Ashley to Wilkesbarre. 7, v. 17, p.27. From Asylum, by New Era, and Resaca, to Laddsburg. 14 May, 1872, c. From Athens, by East Smithfield, North Springfield, and Springfield, 159, v. 17, pp. 112, to Troy. 10 June, 1872, c. From Athens, by Litchfield, to Windham. 427, v. 17, p. 386. From Attleboro', by Oxford Valley, and Fallsington, to Morrisville. 3 March, 1873, c. From Auburn Four Corners, by West Auburn, and East Springhill, 255, v. 17, pp. 595t 596. 7) P~ 96,to Wyalusing. From Avondale, by Chesterville, Chandlersville and Mermaid, in Delawtare, to Staunton. From Baden, by Wall Rose, and Blair, to Perrysville. From Baldwin to Adams. From Barnsville to Mahonoy City. From Barry's to Weishampleton. From Beallsville to Monongahela City. From Bean Creek to White Haven. From Bear Gap, by Elysburg, to Danville. From Beatty's Station, by Lycippus, to Pleasant Unity. From Beaver, by Parkinson, and Service, to Frankford. From Beaver, by Unionville, to Zelienople. From Bedford, by Cumberland Valley, to Cumberland, in Maryland. From Bedford to Downingsville. From Bedford, by Pattonsville, Woodbury, Martinsburg, and Springfield Furnace, to Williamsburg. From Bedford, by Rainsburg, and Chaneysville, to Elbenville. From Bedford, by Saint Clair, Sarah, East Freedom, and Newry, to Hollidaysburg. From Bedfordl, by Shellsburg, Mount Worth, Stoyestown, Jenne1:s Cross-Roads, Laughlintown, Ligonier, and Youngstown, to Latrobe. From Bellefonte, Centre Furnace, and Farmer's High School, to Pine Grove Mills. From Bellefonte to Clearfield, by Snow-Shoe, Kylertown, and Grahamton. From Bellefonte, by Fillmore, Buffalo Run, Half-Moon, and Centre Line, to Warrior's Mark. From Bellefonte, by Milesburg, Fleming, Morrisdale, Woodland, and Clearfield, to Curwinsville. From Bellefonte, by Milesburg, Snow-Shoe, Karthaus, Caledonia, Kersey's, Ridgeway, WilliamsvilLe, and Clermontville, to Smithport. From Bellefonte, by Walker, Howard, and Beech Creek, to Mill Hall. From Bellview to Armville. From Bendersville, by Idaville, to Hulnter's Run. From Bendersville, by Miountain Creek, to Dickinson. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 247 From Berlin, by MyIr's Mills, Summit Mills, and Elk Lick, to Grants ville, in Maryland. From Berlin, by Shanksville, Buckstown, Shade Furnace, and Scalp Level, to Johnston. From Berrysburg, by Pillow, to Dalmatia. Fromn Berwick, by Foundryville, Fishing Creek, New Columbus, and Cambria? to Fairmount Springs. From Berwick to Towlersville, Orangeville, Rohrsburg, Greenwood, and Millville, to Jerseytown. From Berwick, by Nescopeck, to Mifflinville, From Bethany, by Dyberry Falls, West Lebanon, and East Mount Pleasant, to Pleasant Mount. From Bethel, by Crosskill Mills, and Mount 2Etna, to Myerstown. From Bethlehem to Bath. From Bethlehem, by Hanoverville, to Klecknersville. From Bethlehem, by Schoenersville, Weaversville, and Kreid(ersville, to Petersville. From Beckersville, by Bursonville, to Springtown. From Birdsboro', by White Bear Town, Beckersville, and Hammel's Store, to Adamstown. From Birch Run Ville to Kim-berton. From Birmingham, by Tyrone, Smith's Mills, Glen Hope, and Fruit Hill, to Curwinsville. From Black Creek to Sybertsville. FIrom Blair's Corners to Clarion. From Bloody Run, by Clearville, Robinsonville, and Warfordsburg, to Hanceock, in Maryland. From Bloody Run, by Hopewell, Six-Mile Run, Broad Top, Eagle Foundry, Todd, Cassville, and Calvin, to Mill Creek. From Bloody Run, to Orleans, in Maryland. From Bloomsburg, by Buckhorn, and Jerseytown, to White EHall. From Bloomsburg, by Light Street, Orangeville, and Pealer's, to Cambria. From Bloomsburg, by Mordansville, Millville, Chesnut Grove, and Moreland, to Muncy. From Bloomsburg, by Mordansville, Rohrsburg, and Stillwater, to Benton. From Blossburg, by Covington, Mansfield, Tioga, Lawrenceville, Lindleytown, and Erwin Centre, to Corning. From Blossburgh, by Ogdensburgh, to mouth of Roaring Branch. From Blue Ball, by Weaver's Mill, Bowmansville, and Knawer's, to Reading. From Blue Bell to White MIarsh. From Boston to Stroudsburg. From Bowman's Creek to Tankhannock. From Brady's Bend, by Baldwin, and North Hope, to Anandale. From Brady's Bend, by Baldwin's, North Hope, and Hooker, to Browningtown. From Brady's Bend, by Barnhart's Mills, to Peachville, From Brady's Bend to Fairview. From Brady's Bend to Hillville. From Brady's Bend, by Miller's Eddy, and Black Fox Furnace, to Callelnsburg. From Brady's Bend, by Phillipsburg, to Waterson's Ferry. From Brickerville, by Eberly's Store, and Liucoln, to Ephrata. From Bridgeport to Cumberland Valley. From Bridgewater, by Oakford, Feasterville, and pRockville, to Richborough. From Brighton, by Irish Rlipple, and Marven, to Mount Jackson. Froml Bristol, by IFallsington, and Centreville, to Yardleyville. From Bristol, by ILondebaugh's Corner, Oxfordc Valley, Summervilles and A1shlland, to LDarlingtoll. 248 POST-ROADS. From Brodhead Station, by HeEcktown, to Nazareth. From Broadheadsville to Long Valley. From Brockwayville to Reynoldsville. From Browington, by Harrisville, and WVestley, to Franklin. From Brookville, by Clarington, to Marionville. From Brookville, by Dalmatia, Worthlville, and IRinggold, to Smicksburg. From Brookville to Knox Dale. From Brookville, by Klnox Dale, and McCalmont, to Big Run. From Brookville, by Richardsville, Mary Anuville, Schoffner's Corners, Beach Bottom, and Bear Creek's Mills, to Ridgeway. From Brookville, by Warsaw, Alvan, Brockwayville, and Hellen, to Ridgeway. From Brownsville by Carmichael's, Willow Tree, Davistown, Mount Morris, Ndw Brownsville, in West Virginia, Blacksville, and Warren, to Bunton Station. From Brownsville, by Lake Como, to Tallmansville. From Buckhlorn, by New ColuLmbia, to.Jerseytown. From Buck Mountain to Rockport. From Bucksville, by Frankenlield's Store, Kellersville, and Connersville, to Sellersville. From Burnt Cabin, by Fort Littleton, Maddersville, Three Springs, Cassville, Paradise-Furnace, Coffee Run, James's Creek, and Connellstown, to Huntington. From Burnt Cabins to Richmond Furnace. From Burtville, by Williston, Annin Creek, and Glen, to Ceres. From Bustleton, by Byberry, to Oakford. From Butler, by Barnhart's Mills, Baldwin, and Bruin, to Lawrenceburg. From Butler, by Coultersville, Anandale, IfIurrinsville, Clintonville, and East Sandy, to Franklin. From Butler, by Evansburg, Zelienople, and Buhl's Store, to New Brighton. From Butler, by Mount-Chestnut, Prospect, Whitestown, Breakneck, Zelienople, Middle Lancaster, Portersville, and Princeton, to Newcastle. From Butler, by Petersburg, Evansburg, Break Neck, and Zelienople, to New Brighton. From Butler, by Sparr's Store, Middletown, North Washington, and McMahon, to Emelton. From Butler, by Whitestown, Prospect, Portersville, and Princeton, to Newcastle. From Byberry to Holmesburg. From Caledonia, by Benezett, and Hick's Run, to Second Fork. From Callensburg to Cranberry. From Callensburg to Emlenton. From Callensburg, by Loro, and Nickleville, to Oil City. From Callensburg to Rimersburg. From Cambra, by Benton, Polkville, and Lairdsville, to Muncy. From Campton, by Herrick, Herrickville, South Hill, Orwell, North Orwell, West Windlham, Nicholas, in New York, and Canfield Corners, to Smithboro', in New York. From Canton, by Le Roy, West Franklin, Franklin, Dale, and Monroeton, to Towanda. From Canton, by Union, to Liberty. From Carbondale, by Archbald, Blakely, Dunmore, and Scranton, to Hyde Palk. From Carbondale, by Green Grove, Waverly, Wallsville, FPleetsville, and Greenville, to Carbondale. From Carlisle, by Carlisle Springs, Sterrett's Gap, Sherman's Dale, and Warml Springs, to Landisburg. From Carlisle, by Mount Rock, to Stouglstown. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIIA. 249 From Carlisle, by Oak Grove Furnace, Landisburg, Elliottsburg, New Bloomfield, Newport, and Petersburg, to Benvenue. From Carlisle, by White House, Dickinson, Walnut Bottom, and Lee's Cross-Roads, to Shippensburg. From Carmichael, by Ceylon, and Willow Tree, to Davistown. From Carrolltown, by Glasser's, Elder's Mills, and Saint Lawrence, to Mount Pleasant. From Catasauqua, by Guth's Station, South Whitehall, Trexlertown, and Alburtis, to Rittenhouse Gap. From Catawissa, by Maineville, and Beaver Valley, to Catawissa Valley. From Catawissa, by Mende nhall's Mills, and Valentine Vaught's, to Elysburg. From Catfish, by Furnace, and Stant's Store, to Callensburg. From the mouth of Cedar Run, by Lower Wlletmores, Long Run, and Westfield, to Elk Run. From Centralia to Ashland. From Centralia to Montana City. From Centreville to Anandale. From Centreville, by Bovard's Mills, to Anandale. From Centretown, by Clintonville, to Emlenton. From Centre Valley, by Friendville, Seidersville, Bethlehem, and Hocktown, to Nazareth. From Centerville, through Mercer's Valley,,to Middle Creek. From Chambersburg, by Jackson Hall, and Quincy, to Waynesboro'. From Chamnbersburg, by Keefer's Store, Upper Strasburg, Fannettsburg, Burnt Cabins, Shade Gap, Orbisonia, Shirleysburg, and Vineyard Mills, to Mount Union. From Chambersburg, by Marion and Greencastle, to Hagerstown, in Maryland. From Chambersburg, by Saint Thomas, Loudon, McConnellsburg, Harrisonville, Ray's Hill, Juniata Crossings, and Bloody Run, to Bedford. From Chatham Valley, by Darius Syke's, and Roswell Achley's, to Westfield. From Christiana to Chestnut Level. From Christiana, by Smyrna, Bart, May, and Quarryville, to Buck. From Christiana, by Smyrna, Bart, May, Clonmel, Kirkwood, Forestdale, Bartville, and Nine Points, to Christiana. From Christiana, by Smyrna, May, Quarryville, and Mechanics Grove, to Chestnut Level. From Clara, by Oswego, to Ellisburg. From Clarington, by Millstone, and Raught's Mills, to Arago. From Clarion, by Limestone, Phcenix, Olney Furnace, Smicksburg, Plumville, Chambersville, and Plainville, to Indiana. From Clarion, by Lucinda Furnace, and Tylersburg, to Tionesta. From Clarington to Tylersburg. From Clay Lick, by Welch Run, to Upton. From Claysville, by Atchison, to West Middletown. From Clearfield, by Frenchville, to Karthaus. From Clearfield to Grahamton. From Clearfield, by Pennfield, to Caledonia. From Clearfield Bridge, by Ansonville, to New Washington. From Clearfield Borough, by Bald Hills, Frankville, Karthaus, Salt Lick, and Buck Island, to the mouth of the Sinnemahoning Creek. From Clearville, by Fletcher's Store, to Chaneyville. From Clifford to Lennox. From Clove Station to Martinsburg. From Coalmont, by Broad Top, New Grenada, Dublin Mills, and Fort Littleton, to Burnt Cabins. "From Cochranton to Wa,yne Centre. 250 POST-ROADS. From Cochranton to Wilson's Mills. From Cochranville to, Londonderry. From Cochranville to Parklersbnrgh. From Columbia, by Marietta, Maytown, Bainbridge, Falmouth, and Portsmouth, to Middletown. From Columbia to Silver Springs. From Columbia, by Washington, and Higliville, to Safe Harbor. From Columbia Cross-Roads, by Havensville, Edsallville, and Old Hickory, to French Mills. From Columbus, by Carter Hill, to Wattsburg. From Columbus, by Stewart, and Cook, to Spartansburg. From Comptonsville, by Franklin Corners, to Lockport. From Conneautville, by Crossingville, and ETdenboro', to Waterford. From Conneautville, to Penn Line, by Steamburg. From Connellsville, by Elm, New Lexington, and Gebbarts, to Belrlin. From Conestoga to Lancaster City. From Coopersburg to Centre Valley. From Corbettsville, by Conklin Centre, and Shawsville, in New York, to Binghamton, in New York. From County Line to Dalmatia. From Covington, by Cherry Flats. to Wellsboro'. From Cowdersport, by Colesburg, Ellisburg, and Genesee Fork, to Wellsville, in Neew York. From Cowdersport, by Colesburg, to Ulysses. From Cowdersport, by Hebron, Clara, Millport, and Sharon Centre, to Ceres. From Cowdersport, by Homer, North Wharton, Wharton, and First Fork, to Sinnemahoning. From Cowdersport, by Nelsonport, Carter C.almp, Kettle Creek, and Haneyville, to Jersey Shore. From Cowdersport to Shippen. From Coylesville, by Church Bill, Adam's, and Mouth of Red Bank, to Reimersburg. From Cross-Roads, by Union, Chancefordl, Lower Chancefbrd, and Castle Fin, to Peach Bottom. From Cumberland, in Maryland, by Barrallsville, Wellersburg, Wittenburg, Berlin, Somerset, Lavansville, Bakersville, Jones's Mills, Donnegal, Laurelville, Mount Pleasant, McKean's Old Stand, Mendon, West Newton, Gamble's, Monongahela City, Ginger Hill, Dunningsville, Clokey, Washington, Claysville, Coon Island, West Alexander, and Triadelphia, in West Virginia, to Wheeling. From Cumberland Valley, by Beanl's Cove, to Flintstone, in Maryland. From Curllsville, by Limestone, aund Kingsville, to Corsica. From Curllsville, by Sligo Furnace, to Callensburg. From Curwinsville to Ansonville. From Curwinsville, by Luthersburg, Reynoldsville, Brookville, Corsica, Strattonville, Clarion, Shippenville, Kossuth, Cass, Cranberry, Franklin, Canal, and Cochranton, to Meadville. From Cash to Burnside. From Cushingville, by Ulysses, and Turner Creek, to Spring Mills, in New York. From Damascus, by West Damascus, and East Lebanon, to Cold Spring. From Danville, by Mooresburg, and Pott's Grove, to Milton. From Danville, by Washingtonville, Turbleville, Muncy, and Monturesville, to Williamsport. From. Darlington, by Cannelton, Elder's Mills, and Ackor, to Clarkson, in Ohio. From Darlington to Elder's Mills. From Dayton to Kerr's Store. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 21 From Deposit, in New York, by Hale's Eddy, Scott, and Starucca, to Thompson. From Dimock, by Lathrop's Lake, to Rush. From Dingman's Ferry, to Centreville, in New Jersey. From Dixon to. Pierceville. From Donaldson, by Lower Mahantango, Sacramento, Gratz, and Berrysburg, to Millersburg. From Dover, by Rossville, Lewisberry, Lisburn, and Sidensburg, to Mechanicsbnrg. From Downington, by Brooklyn, Comog, Moorestown Station, and Barnestown Station, to Waynesburg. From Doylestown, by Buckingham, Pineville, Wrightstown, Newton, Attleboro, Hulmesville, and Newportville, to Bristol. From Doylestown, by Cross-Keys, Dyerstown, Danborough, and Brownsville, to Point Pleasant. From Doylestown, by Dublin, to Bedminster. From Doylestown, by Dublin, Strawntown, Quakertown, Richlandtown, and Pleasant Valley, to Springtown. From Doylestown, by Line Lexington, Franconia, Kulpsville, Union Square, and Skippack, to Trappe. From Doylestown, by Mechanicsville, ald Carversville, to Centre Bridge. From Drake's Mills, by Cumrming's Corners, land Draketon, to McLane. From Duncannon, by Benvenue, New Buffalo, Montgoimery's Ferry, Liverpool, McKee's Half Falls, Chapman, Selin's Grove, Keensville, and Sunbury, to Northumberland. From Duncannon, by Dellville, and Grier's Point, to Keystone. From Dundaff, by Herrick, and Thompson, to Lanesboro. From Dundaff to Uniondale. From Dunningsville, by Muntown, Bower Hills, Thompsonville, and Upper Saint Clair, to Herriottsville. From Dunningsville, by Vanceville, to Scenery Hill. From Dunningsville, by Vanceville, to Yortysville. _From East Berlin to Abbottstown. From East Berlin, by Bermudian, and Franklintown, to Dillsburg. From East Berlin, by Hall, Bermudian, and Franklintown, to Dillsburg. From East Berlin, by King's Tavern, and Farner's, to York. From Easton, by Bath, Petersville, Newharts, Cherryville, Lehigh Gap, Berlinville, Parrysville, Weissport, and Lehighton, to Mauch Chunk. From Easton, by Boston, to Mount Bethel. -From Easton, by Butztown, iFreemansburg, Bethlehem, Rittersville, Allentown, Wescosville, Trexlertown, Breinigsville, Monterey, Kutztown, Moselm, and Maiden Creek, to Reading. From Easton, by Lower Saucon, and Stout's, to Hellerstown. From Easton, by Martin's Creek, Boston, and Mount Bethel, to Dill's Ferry. From Easton, by Martin's Creek, Middaghs, Richmond, Stone Church, Mount Bethel, Slateford, Dutotsburg, Experiment Mills, Stroudsburg, Marshall Creek, Coolbaughs, Bushkill, Delaware, and Dingman's Ferry, to Milford. From Easton, by Nazareth, Jacobsburg, Wind Gap, Sluttersville, Kellersville, Snydersville, Bartonsville, Tannersville, Stanhope, Spruce Grove, Sterling, Hamilton, Ariel, and Cherry Ridge, to Honesdale. From Easton, by Stockerton and Belfast, to Wind Gap. From Eaton, by West Eaton, AMehoopany, Scottsville, North Flat, Sugar Run, Terrytown, Asylum, and Durell, to Towanda. From Eberly's Mills to Harrisburg. From Ebensburg, by Belsanlo, Strongstown, Indiana, Shelocta, Eldlerton, Blankuet-Hill, Kittaning, Worthington, and Coyleville, to Butler. 252 POST-ROADS. From Ebensburg, by Bethel Station, and Strongstown, to Newman's Mills. From Ebensburg, by Carrolltown, to Newman's Mills. From Ebensburg, by Loretta, Chess Springs, Three Roads, Fallen Timber, and Roseland, to Smith's Mills. From Economy, by New Scottsville, New Sheffield, Seventy-Six, and Servicer to Hookstown. From Seventy-Six, by Green Garden, to Holt. From Eden to Littleton. From Edge Hill Station to Prospectville. From Egypt to Seigfried's Bridge. From Elaml to Brandywine Summnit. From Elbinsville, to Flint's Store, in Maryland. From Elderton to Plumville. From Elderton, by South Bend, West Lebanon, and Clarksburg, to Blairsville. Froml Eldredville to Foot of the Plane. From Elkland, by Farmington, to Crooked Creek. From Elkland, by Nelson, to Lawrenceville. From Elliotsburg, by Roseburg, Icklsburg, and Port Royal, to Mifflintown. From Embreeville, by Mortonville, to Coatesville. From Emlenton, by Lawrenceburg, to Brady's Bend Iron-Works. From Emlenton, by Saint Petersburg, and Alum Rock, to Jefferson Furnace. From Emlenton to Shippensville. From English Centre to Morris. From English Centre to Waterville. From Enon Valley, by Mount Jackson Cross Cut, Newcastle, Neshannock, and New Wilmington, to Mercer. From Enon Valley, by Mount'Jackson, Edinburg, Hillsville, and Lowellsville, in Ohio, to Poland. From Enon Valley to Marvin. From Enterprise, by Gruff's Store, Bareville, and Vogansville, to Hickleton. From Etters, by Yocumtown, to Newberrytown. From Erie, by McKean, Well's Corners, Edinboro', Venango, and Saegarstown, to Meadville. From Erie, by Wattsburg, to Union Mills. From Equinunk to Preston. From Ercildoun to Gum Tree. From Evansburgh, to Linesville, by Shermanville, From Fairmount Springs to Dushore. From Fairview to Edinboro'. From Fallen Timber, by Gill's Mills, Glen Connell, and Elder's Mills, to Carrollton. From Fall Brook to Allenboro'. From Fall Brook to Canton. From Falls, by Milltown, and Shuit.zville, to Humphreyville. From Falls of Schuylkill, by Leverilgton, to Barren Hills. From Fannettsburg, by Carrick Furnace, to London. Fromn Fannettsburg, by Dry Run, Concord, Waterloo, East Waterford, McCullock's Mills, Tuscarora Valley, Academia, Walnut, Mifflintown, Oakland Mills, McAlisterville, lRichfield, Mount Pleasant Mills, and Freeburg, to Selin's Grove. From Fannettsburg, by Dry Run, Spring Run, Doylesburg, Concord, Waterloo, Peru Mills, East Waterford, Beale's Mills, McCulloch's Mills, McCoysville, Pleasant View, Spruce Hill, Academia, Walnut, and Patterson. to Mifflintown. From Farmington, to Brancdonville, in West Virginia. Frolm Farmingtou, by Elm, to Dawson. From Fiidleyville to Monongahela City. 1N THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 253 From Fleming, by Julian Furnace, and Martha Furnace, to Half Moon. From Flicksville to Penargil. From Flourtown to Whitemarsh. From Foglesville, by Clausville, Lowhill, Saegersville, and East Penn, to Lehighton. From Foglesville, by Texlertown, Macungie, Zionsville, Hereford, Pennsbury, Schwenck's Store, Perkiomen Bridge, Fairview Village, and Jeffersonville, to Morristown. From Foglesville, by Weisenburg, Seiberlingville, Lynnville, New Tripoli, Jacksonville, West Penn, Kepners, and McKeansburg, to Orwigsburg. From Forest House to North Wharton. From Fountain Spring, by Roaring Creek, and Catawissa, to Bloomsburg. From Franklin, by Cooperstown, Sunville, Wallaceville, Dempseytown, Cherry Tree, Titusville, Oil Creek, Centreville, Bloomfield, and Union Mills, to Waterford. From Franklin, by Cornplanter, Plumer, Tyrrell, Perry, Steam Mills, Tedioute, and Irvine, to Warren. From Franklin, through Cranberry, and Pine Grove Townships, by Clinton Furnace and Fryburg, to Tylersburg. From. Franklin, by Polk, Henderson, Perrine, Mercer, Clark, Hermitage, North West Middlesex, Sharon, Brookfield, Vienna, and Howland, to Warren. From Franklin, by Sunville, to Kingsley. From Franklin, by Utica, French Creek, New Lebanon, New Vernon, Exchangeville, Salem, West Greenville, and Orangeville, in Ohio, to Hartford. From Freedom to Knob. From Freemansburg, by Lower Saucon, Stout's, Springton, Bursonville, Bedminster, and Dublin, to Doylestown. From Freeport, by State Lick, and Melissadale, to Leisurville, From. Freeport to Winfield, returning by State Lick. From Frederick, by New tHanover, Gilbertsville, Boyerstown, Maxatawney, Lobachsville, New Jerusalem, and Dryville, to Kutztown. From Fremont, by Nottingham, to Elk Mills. From Fresh Lake Centre to Jackson Valley. From Friedensville to Hellerstown. From Friedensville, by Middleton Centre, Jackson Valley, and Warren Centre, to South Warren. From Friedensburg to Schuylkill Haven. From Gaines, by Germania, and Elk Run, to CarteP's Camp. From Gap, by Beryerstown, New Milltown, and tHat, to Intercourse. From Garland to Eagle. From Garland, by Southwest, Enterprise, Pleasantville, Pluinmer, and Rouseville, to Oil City. From Genesee, by West Brigham, and Brigham Centre,, to Ulysses. From Germantown to Silver Rock. From Germany to Warren. From Gettysburg, by Fairfield, Fountain Dale, Waynesboro, and Leitersburg, in Maryland, to Hagerstown. From Gettysburg, by Hunterstown, and New Chester, to Hampton. From Gettysburg, by Mummasburg, Arenadsville, Bigler, Bendersville, Menallen, and Table Rock, to Gettysburg. From Gibson, by Herrick Centre, Union Dale, Pleasant Mount, Rock Lake, and Preston, to Stockport Station, in New York. From Glen Rock, by Hanover Junction, Porter's, Seidling, and Smith's Station, to Hanover. From Gordonsville, by Intercourse, to Hat. From Gratz, by Klingerstown, and Rough and Readly, to Upper Mahantango. 254 POST-ROADS. From Greensboro', by Mapletown, Willow Tree, and Whitely, to Waynesburg. From Greensburg, by Crabtree, and New Alexandria, to Congruity. From Greensburg, by Harrison City, and Murrysville, to Logan's. Ferry. From Greensburg, by Middleton, to Madison. From Greensburg, by Middletown, to New Stanton. From Greensburg, by New Alexandria, Saltsburg, Clarksburg, and:Kent, to Indiana. From Greensburg, by Pleasant Unity, to Stablstown. From Greensburgh, by Pleasant Unity, Mount Pleasant, Pennsville, Connellsville, and Woodvale, to Uniontown. From Greensburg to West Newton. From Greenwood Furnace to Belleville. From Greenwood Furnace to Reedsville. From Greenville to Kerr's Store. From. Gulf Mills to Conshohocken. From Guthrieville, by Lindsey's Store, to Coatesville. From Half Way to Pottstown. From Halifax to Fisherville. From Hamburg, by Albany, and Fetherolffsville, to Lynnville. From Hamlinton, by Canaan, to Waymart. From Hamlinton, by Moscow, to Dalesville. From Hampton, by Mill Run, Elm, and Indian Creek, to Donegal. From Hanlin Station, to Bethanay, in West Virginia. From Hanover, by Littlestown, and Monocacyville, in Maryland, to Emmittsburgh, in Maryland. From Hanover, by McSherrystown, and Bunoughystown, to Gettysburg. From EHanoverville to Bethlehem. From Harford, by Montrose Depot, Montrose, Forest Lake, Saint Joseph's, Friendsville, Little Meadows, Warrenham, and Appalachin, to Owega, in New York. From Harlansburg, by Plain Grove, and West Liberty, to Centreville. From Harrisburg, by- Duncannon, Baileysburgh, Nsewport, Millerstown, Thompsontown, Mexico, Port Royal, Mifflintown, Paterson, Lewistown, Strode's Mills, McVeytown, Newton, Hamilton, Mount Union, Mapleton Depot, Mill Creek, Huntingdon, Shaver's Creek, Barre Forge, Alexandria, Spruce Creek, Union Furnace, Birminghan, Tyrone, Antestown, Frankstown, Tipton, Fostoria, Altoona, Duncansville, Hollidaysburg, Summit, Portage, Wilmore, Summer Hill, Johnstown, Armagh, Conemaugh Furnace, New Florence, West Fairfield, Lockport Station, Blairsville, Millwood, New Derry, Bolivar, Greensburg, Adamsburg, Tinker Run, Stewartsville, Turtle Creek, Wilkinsburg, and Wilkins, to Pittsburg. From Harrisburg, by Dauphin, and Pine Grove, to Auburn. IFrom Harrisburg, by Lisburn, to Lewisberry. From Harrisburg, by Shiremantown, Mechanicsburg, Carlisle, Plainfield, Newville, Oakville, Shippensburg, and Scotland, to Chambersburg. From Harrisburg, by Shepherdstown, Dillsburg, York Sulphur Springs, and Heidlersburg, to Gettysburg. From Harrisburg, by Linglestown, Manada Hill, West Hanover, East Hanover, Sheltyerville, Jonestown, and Fredericksburg, to Pine Grove. From Harrisburg, by Susquehanna, Dauphin, Powel's Valley, and Halifax, to Millersburg. From Harrisburg, by White Hill, and Lisburn, to Lewisberry. From Harrisonville; by Dublin Mills, to Orbisonia. From Harrisonville, by Saluvia Tannery, West Dublin, and Wells's Tannery, to Allaquippa. From THarrisonville7 by Sipe's Mills, Needmore, and Warfordsburgn, to Hancock, in Maryland. From Hellen, by Kersey, to Benzinger. From Hereford, by Long Swamp, and Kutzville, to Kntztown. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 255 From Herndon, by Jordan, to Klilgerstown. From Herrick to Rummerfield. From Herrickville, by James Mitton's, and William Nesbit's, to Rumnmerfield Creek. From IEerrickville to Le Raysville. From Hlerriotsville to Moorhead. From High Lake to Equinunk. From tHillsgrove, by Shunk, to Canton. From Hinklestown to Reanmstown. From Holland to Davisville. From Hollidaysburg, by Alleghany, and Ashland Furnace, to Newmanls Mills. From Hollidaysburgb, by Bennett's Mills, to Whitnley's Corners. From Hollidaysburg, by Newry, East Freedom, East Sharpsburgh, Martinlsburg, Clover, Stonerstown, Broad Top, Speersville, and West Dublin, to Harrisonville. From Hollidaysburg to Williamsburg. From.Honesdale, by Bethany, and Hill Top, to Pleasant Mount. From Honesdale, by Berlin Centre, Beach Pond, Eldred, and Milanville, to Damascus. From Honesdale, by Eldredl, Damascus, Gallilee, and Princeville, to Equinunk. From Honesdale, by Indian Orchard, White Mills, Hawley, Narrows, and West Fall, to Lackawaxen. From Honesdale, by Prompton, Waymart, Carbondale, Dundaff, Lenox, Brooklyn, Montrose, Forest Lake, Frienldsville, Warrenham, and South Owego, in New York, to Owego. From Honey Brook, by Cambridge, and South Hermitage, to Piqua. From Hop Bottom, by Lathrop, and Nivin, to Springville. From Hopewell to Pattonville. From Hopewell Centre, by Gatchelville, to Bald Eagle. From Hopewell Cotton Works, by Oxford, Elk Dale, New London, Kemblesville, Strikersville, and McClellandsville, to Newark, in Delaware. From Horton's to Brady. From Howard, by Walker, Hublersburg, and Madisonville, to Centre Mills.;From Hudson to Punxsutawney. From Hughes to Glen Carbon. From Hummel's Store to Knauer's. From Huntington, by Wilsonia, Donation, Crownover's Mills, and Cumminsville, to Ennisville. From Ickesburg, by Donnelly's Mill, to Millerstown. From Ickesburg, by Roseburg, Bosserman's Mills, and Juniata,, to Newport. From Ickesburg, by Shull's Mills, Sandy Hill, and John Ernest, to Blain. From Indiana, by Black Lick, to Blairsville. From Indiana, by Home, Mahoning, Marchand, Punxatawney, Cool Spring, and Merata, to Brookville. From Indiana, by Penn Run, Mitchell's Mills, Newman's Mills, Burnside, Cush, Chest, Bower, and Grampian Hills, to Curwinsville. From Indiana, by Utah, to Minta. From Indiana to West Lebanon. From Jacklson, by Smiley, Gibson, and South Gibson, to Lenox. From -Jackson Corners to Philipsburg. From Jamestown to Royalton. From Jefferson Station, by Cordorus, to Brodbeck's. From Jersey Shore to Collomsville. From Jersey Shore, by Walkerville, to Waterville. From Jonestown, by Cross Kill Mills, to Rtehrersburg. Fro.n Johnstown to Shade Gap. 256 POST-ROADS. From Jollytown, to Burton, in West Virginia. PFrom Karthaus to Round Island. From Karthaus to Sinnamahoning. From Kasson, by Kane, to Marion. From Keelersburg to Centreville. From Kelly's Station to Cochran's Mills. From Kinzua, to East Randolph, in New York. From Kingston, by Carverton, Orange, Centre Moreland, and Vernon, to Bowman's Creek. From Kingston, by Mill Hollow, Trucksville, Dallas, Knuckle, Bowman's Creek, Lake, Lehman, and Huntsville, to Kingston. From Kinneysville, by Treat's Corners, to Knoxville. From Kingston, by Brady's Bend, Catfish Furnace, Pinksville, Curllsville, and Reidsburg, to Clarion. From Kittaning, by Brattonville, Orrsville, Red Bank Furnace, Oakland, New Bethlehem, Keer's Store, Shannondale, and- Summerville, to Brookville. From Kittanning, by Cochran's Mills, to Apollo. From Kittanning, by Cowansville, Brady's Bend, Catfish Furnace, New Athens, Ritnersburg, Curllsville, and Reidsburg, to Clarion. From Kittanning, by Davis', Knoxville, and Rural Village, to Dayton. From Kittanning to Leechburg. From Kittanning to Plumville. From Kittanling to Punxsatawney. From Kittanning, by Rural Valley, Glade Run, amd Smicksburg, to Mahoninsg. From Kittanning, by Scrubtgrass, Putneyville, Phinix, and Hamilton, to Punxatawney. From Kinzers, by Williamstown, Harristown, Springwell Mills, Hatville, and Mount Hope, to Intercourse. From Knoxville, by Little Marsh, Chatham Valley, Middlebury Centre, East Charleston, Charleston, Wellsboro', Morris, Cedar Run, Slate Run, Waterville, Tomb's Run, and Walkerville, to Jersey Shore. From John P. Krigbaum's, by Palo Alto, Bridgeport, and Buffalo Mills, to Mount Choice. From Kutztow7n, by B. E. Day's Store, Fredericksville, and Landis' Store, to Bechtelsville. From Kutzville, by Jerusalem, and Princeto1n, to Reading. From La Grange, by Breech's Pond, to Factoryville. From Lanark to Allentown. From Lancaster, by East Elempfield. Manheim, Mount Hope, and Cornwall, to Lebanon. From Ltancaster, by Greenland, and Soudersburg, to Paradise. From Lancaster, to Hinlletown, by Oregon, Brownstown, and Farmersville. From Lancaster, by Lampeter, Martinsville, New Providence, Camargo, May, Bart, Nine Points, Octoraro, Russelville, and Jennersville, to New London. From Lancaster, by Lampeter, to Strasburg. From Lancaster, by Landisville, Mount Joy, Elizabethtown, Portsmouth, Middletown, and High Spire, to Harrisburg. From Lancaster to Liberty Square. From Lancaster, by Millport, and' Musselman's Mill, to Strasburg. From Lancaster, by Millersville, Slackwater, Safe Harbor, and Liberty Square, to Buck. From Lancaster, by Neffsville, Litiz, Durlack, Scheoneck, Reinholdsville, and Sinking Springs, to Reading. From Lancaster, by Neffsville, Litiz, Ephrata, Reamstown, and Adamstown, to Reading. From Lancaster to Quarryvillo. From Lancaster, by Swartz Mills, Sporting Hill, Mastersonville, Colebrook Furnace, and Campbellstown, to Annville. IN THE STATE OF PE.NNSYLVANJA. 257 From Lancaster, by Willow Street, Rawlinsville, and Bethesda, to McCall's Ferry. From Lancaster, by Willow Street, Smithville, Buck, Chesnut Level, Greene, Pleasant Grove, Rock Springs, in Marylandcl, and Rowlandsville, to Port Deposit. From Landisburg, by Andesville, Centre Andersonburg, and Blain, to New Germantown. From Landisburg, by Andesville, Elliottsburg, and New Bloomfield, to Newport. From Landisburg, by Roseburg, to Ickesburg. From Lanesboro, by Slarucca, Thompson, Ararat, Jackson, and Herrick, to Gibson. From Laporte, by Eagles Mere, Forksville, Eldredsville, and Shunk, to Canton. From Laury's Station, by Unionville, Schnecksville, Weidasville, Lyon Valley, Hynemansville, Weissenburg, and Leipenspergerville, to Kutztown. From Laurel Run to Wilkesbarre. From Lawrenceburg, by Riner, Agnew's Mills, Jefferson Furnace, and Knox, to Shippensville. From Lawrenceburg, by West Freedom, Callensburg, and Piney, to Clarion. From Lawrenceville, by Seely's Hill, to Seely's Creek, in - New York. From Lebanon, by Fontana, Colebrook, Mastersonville, Old Line and Sporting Hill, to Manheim. From Lebanon, by Jonestown, and Fredericksburg, to Monroe Forge. From Lebanon, by Mount Zion, to Fredericksburg. From Lebanon, by 3Mount Zion, and Greble, to Mount 2Etna. From Lebanon to Shaefferstowln. gFrom Leesburg, by London, to Wolf Creek. From Leithsville to Hellentown. From Lenox, by Harford, Gibson, Jackson, North Jlackson, and Susquehanna, to Lanesboro. From Leopardl to Reesville. -From Le Raysville, by Brushville, Stevensville, and Springville, to Laceyville. Frmo Le Raysville, by South Warren, Windham, and Nicholas, to Sm ithsboro. From Lewisburg, by F orest Hill, Wolf's Store, Rebersburg, and Madisonburg, to Nittany. From Lewisburg, by Kelly Point, to Buffalo Cross-Roads. From Lewisburg to Milton. From Lewisburg by New Columbia, White Deer Mills, White Deer, and Road Hall, to Williamsport. From Lewistown, by Reedsville, Milroy, Potter's Mill, Centre Hill, Old Fort, Pleasant Gap, Bellefonte, Milesbulrg, Fleming, Phillipsburg, Ivlorrisdalle, Clearfield Bridge, and Clearfield, to Curwinsville. From Liberty Coiners, by Storr's Mills, to New Era. From Ligonier, by Hi llview, West Fairfield, Aqueduct,, New Florence, East Centreville, Armagh, and Brush Valley, to Indiana. From Ligonier, by Stahlstown, to D)onegal. From Lima, by Howellville, and Thornton, to West Chester. From Lime Bridge to Mifflinville. From Linconville to Miller's Station. From Linden to Lindeln Station. From Line Lexington, by Hilltown, IHagersville, A )plel)achsville, Pleasant Valley, Leithsville, Hellerstown, and'ron Hill, to Bethlehem. From Litiz, by Brickersville, to Shaefferstown. From Little Meadows, by Choconut allnd Hilawleyton in New York, to Binghamton. Firom Loclk Haven, by Farrandsville, Deferanceville, Youngwo inansR s III -17 258 POST-ROADS. town, Westport, Cook's- Run, Sinnemahoning, Second Forkl, Pine Street, Camneron, Shippen, and Norwich, to Smithport. From Lodersville, by Great Bend, New Milford, Montrose Depot, Oakley, Hop-Bottom, Nicholson, Factoryville, Waverley, Bailey Hollow, Clark's Green, Providence, and Hyde Park, to Scranton. From Locust Lane to Covode. From Logansville to Glen Rlock. From London Grove to Tough Kenamon. From London Grove to Unionville. From London to Bridgeport Mills. From Lower Merion to Cabinet. From Luthersburg, by Punxatawney, to Snicksburg. From Luzerne, by Charlestown, Exeter, Orange, Ketchum, and Carverton, to Luzerne. From Lycippus to Ridge View. From McConnellSburg, by Mercersburg, Greencastle, and WVanesboro', to Emmittsburg, in Maryland. From McConnellsburg, by Webster's Mills, to Hanlcock, in Maryland. From Mclntire to Ralston. From MeKean's Old Stand, by New Stanton, Walt's Mills, Madison, and Fulton, to Tinker Run. From MeVill to R. R. Station. From Macungie, by Spinnerstown, Trumbaursville, Tyler's Port, Franconia, Union Square, and Gwynedd, to Spring House. From Mahone, by Greenbrier, Line Mountain, Upper Mahanltango, and Barry, to Minersville. From Mahlantango to Sweet Home. From Manayunk, by Lower Marion, Gulf Mills, King of Prussia, Valley Forge, and Schuylkill, to Phoenixville. From Manheim to Mount Joy. From Manhein, by Penn, to Brickerville. From Mann's Choice, by Buffalo Mills, Bridgeport, and Palo Alto, to Kriebaum's. From Ma,nsfield to Wellsboro'. From Mapleton, by Hair's Valley, and Saltillo, to Scottsville. From Mapleton to Newtown. From Marchand to Newman's Mills. From Marietta, by Silver Spring, and Hempfield, to Lancaster. From Marshall's Creek, by Resaca, Twelve-Mile Pond, and FifteenMile Pond, to Blooming Grove. From Martinsburg to Kalamazoo. From Martin's Creek, by Flickville, Delpsburg, Roxbury, and Mount Bethel, to Will's Ferry. From Mauch Chunk, by Nesquehoning, and Summit Hill, to Tamaqua. From Maxelville to Beaver Springs.:From Meadville, by Blooming Valley, Randolph, New Richmond, Taylor's Stand, liceville, Spartansburg, West Spring Creek, Lottsville, Sugar Grove, and Busti, in New York, to Jamestown. From Meadville, by Chapmanville, and Titusville, to Steam Mills. From Meadville, by Evansburg, Hartstown, Turnerville, South Chenango, aiid State Line, in Ohio, to Kinsman's. From Meadville, by Harmonsburg, and Line Mills, to Penn Line. From Meadville, by Hayfield, Harmonsburg, Rundell's, Sterlington, Conneautville, Spring, Albion, Elk Creek, and Platea, to Girard. From Meadville, by Mead Corners, Sugar Lake, Guy's Mills, Kingsley7s, and Steuben, to Centreville. Fromn Meadville, by Mead Corners, Sugar Lake, and Wilson's Miills, to Cooperstown. From Mechanicsburg, by Hamnpden, Good Eope, and Hogestown. to Mechanicsburg. From Mechanicsburg, by Sidldonsburg, Lisbon, Lewisberry, Newberry, and Yocumntown, to Etter's. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 259 From Mercer to Brownsville. From MIercer, by Delaware Grove, to West Greenville. From. Mercer, by Perrine, Sandy Lake, New Lebanon, and Milledgeville, to Cochranton. From Mercer, by Valley, Clark, West Greenville, Jamestown, Adamsville, and Hartstown, to Espyville. From Mercer, by West Middlesex, to Yonngstown, in Ohio. From Mercer, by Wolf Creek, Harrisville, Anlandale, Mnrrinsville; and Maple Furnace, to Lawrenceburg. From Mercersburg, by Sylvan, to Hancock, in Maryland. From Mercersburg, by Upton, to Green Castle. From Meredith by Shamburgh, to Personville. From Merwinsville to Tannersville. From Meshoppon, by Keiserville, to Lynn. From Meyer's Mills, by Garrett, to Elk Lick. From Middletown to Hummellstown. From Middletown Centre to Rushville. From Mifflintown, by Oakland Mills, McCallisterville, Richfield, Mnount Pleasant Mills, and Freeburg, to Selin's Grove. From Mifflintown, by Walnut, McCoysville, McCulloch7s Mfills, East Waterford, and return by Beale's Mills, Tuscarora Valley, Spruce Hill, and Perrysville, to Mifflintown. From Milford, by Sawkill, Lord's Valley, Nyces, Paupac, and Tafton, to Ha mlenton. From Mills City to Falls. From Millersburg, by Dalmatia, Mahonoy, and Augusta, to Sunbury. ZFrom Millerstown to McKee's Half Falls. From Millerstown, by Richfield, Mount Pleasant Mills, Middleburg, Centreville, and New Berlin, to Mifflinsburg. From Millport, by Clara, to Oswego. From Milroy to Siglerville. From Mill Run, by Draketown, to EHarnedsville. From Miltenberger's, by Philip Kresge's, to Tannersville. From Milton to Lewistonville. From Minta to Grant. From Mitchell's Mills to Newman's Mills. From Mohresville to Bernville. From Montgomery Station, by Mount Zion, to Elmsport. From Monroeton, by New Albany, and Laddsburg to Dushore. From Monturesville, by Loyalsock, Fairfield Centre, and Wolf Run, to Munchy Borough. From Montrose, by Brackney, Silver Lake, Choconut, Ellerslie, Little Meadow, and Apalachin, in New York, to Owego. From Montrose, by Elk Lake, Auburn Four Corners, Auburn Centre, and South Auburn, to Meshoppen. From Montrose, by Elk Lake, Auburn Four Corners, West Auburn, South Auburn, and East Springfield, to Skinner's Eddy. From Montrose, by Fairdale, Rush, Rushville, Pike, Le Raysville, Orwell, Rome, Myersburg, and WVysox, to Towanda. From Montrose, by New Milford, to Great Bend. From Montrose, by Silver Lake, to Brackney. From Moreland, by Riddle's Settlhment, to Newmansville. From 3Morrell, by Arch Spring, to Sinking Valley. From Morgantown, by Blue Rock, Saint Mary's, St. Peters, Pughtown, and Vincent, and Phoenixville. From Morleytown to Sterrett's Gap. From Morrisdale to Kylertown. From Morristown, by Jeffersonville, Fairview Village, Perkiomen Bridge, Schwenck's Store, Pennsburg, Hereford, Sehimerville, Maculngie, and Trexlertown, to Foglesville. From Morrisville to Fallsington. 260 POST-ROADS. From Morrisville, by Yardleyville, Taylorsville, and Brownsburg, to /New Hope. From Moscow, by Slote's Corners, Dalesville, and Springbrook, to Pittston.. From Moscow, by Sterling, to Ledge Dale. From Moselm, by Coxtown, to Princetown. From Mount Carmel to Danville. From Mount Jackson to R. R. Station. From Mount Pleasant, by McKean's Old Stand,.West Newton, Gamble's, Monongahela City, Ginger Hill, and Dunningsville, to Washington. From Mount Union, by Litz Store, to Mount Tare Factory. From Mount Washington to Pittsburg. From lMuddy Creek Forks to Airville. From Muhlenburg, by Ross, Sweet Valley, and' Lake, to Lehman Centre. From Muncy, by Black Hole, Road Hall, White Deer, Alvira, Elimsport, Collomsville, and Nippenose, to Jersey Shore. From Muncy, by Hughsville, Eagles' Mere, and Laporte, to Dushore. From Muncy, by Wolf Run, Huntersville, Barbour's Mills, Plunkett's Creek, and Elk Creek, to Eldredville. From Muncy, by Wolf Run, Huntersville, Hill's Grove, Eldredsville, Campbellville, and Haverlyville, to New Albany. From Myersburg, by Herrickville, to Stevensville. From Narrowsburg, in New York, by Ashland, to Honesdale. From Nazareth, by Moorestown, Klecknersville, Petersville, kNewhartville, Cherryville, and Berlinsville, to Slatingtonu. From Nazareth, by Mooresburg, to Wales. From Nesquehoning to Mauch Chunk. From New Albany, by Hibbard Hill, to New Era. From New Bethlehemn, by Leatherwood, to Reidsburg. From New Bloomfield, by Dellville, Grier's Tavern, and Bashinger's Store, to Morleytown. From New Bloomfield to Mannsville. From New Brighton, by Brighton, Baker Bank, and Irish Ripple, to Newcastle. From New Brighton, by Bush Creek, to Barrisville. From Newcastle, by Brook's, Harlandsburg, and Plain Grove, to Slippery Rock. From Newcastle, by Chenango, and Wurtemberg, to North Sewickly. From Newcastle, by Eastbrook, to Harlensburg. From Newcastle, by Edinburg, Hillsville, Lowellsville, and Poland Centre, to Poland. From Newcastle, by Marr, New Bedford, and Pulaski, to West Mliddlesex. From Newcastle, by Pulaski, West Middlesex, Sharon, Clarlksville, West Greenville, Jamestown, and other intermediate offices, to Girard. From New Columbus, by Town Line, Harveyville, and Muhlelnburgh, to Shickshinny. From New Gallilee to Cannelton. From New Geneva, to Morgantowh, in West Virginia. From New Germantown to Concord. From New Hanover, by Hillegass, Pennsburg, Spinnerstown, Milford Square, and Steinsburg, to Coopersburg. From New Hope, by Buckmansville, to Pineville. From New London, by West Grove, to Jennersville.:From New Milford to Lumber City. From Newport, by Acker and Montgomery's Ferry, to Liverpool. From Newport to Liverpool. From Newry, by- Ble Knob, and Switzer, to Saint Clairsville. From Newville to Blaserville. From New Washington, by Mtiller's Store, Horton's, and Neal's BMill, to Punxsatawney. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 26]1 From New Wilmington, by Neshannock Falls, and Volant, to Leesburg. From New Wilmington to Pulaski. From Nicholson Depot, by Niven, and Springville, to Auburn Four Corners. From Noble's Mills to Taylorsville. From N orristown, by Fairview Village, Perkiornen Bridge, Schwenck's Store, Pennsburg, Hereford, Lionville, Macungie, and Trexlertown, to Foglesville. From Norristown, by Hickorytownn Centre Square, Gwynedd, Montgomeryville, Pleasantville, and Whitehallville, to Doylestown. From Norristown, by Jeffersonville, Perkiomen Bridge, Trappe, Limerick, Crooked Hill, and Pottstown, to Boyerstovn. From Norristown, by Jeffersonville, Shannouville, Port Providence, and Quinzyville, to Phcenixville. From Norristown, by Norritonville, Worcester, Skippack, Salfordville, Sumneytown, Upper Hanover, Hereford, Long Swamp, and William's Store, to Kutztown. From North Buffalo to Rosston. From North East, by Greenfield, and Friends, in New York, to Marvin. From North East to Wattsburg. From North Sandy to Sandy Lake. From Northumberland, by Chesnut Ridge, New Berlin, Penn's.Creek, Middleburg, Beavertown, Beaver Springs, Middle Creek, Cosgrove Hall, and Decatur, to Lewistown. From INorthumberland, by Chillisquaque, Lewisburg, Milton, MeEwensville, Muncy, and Monturesville, to Williamsport. From Northumberland, by Chulasky, Danville, Catawissaa Bloomsburg, Espy, Lime Ridge, Berwick, Beach YHaven, Beach Grove, Shickshinny, Itunlock's Creek, -West Nanticoke, and Church Hill, to Wilkesbarre. FrIom Northumberland, by Lewisburg, Mifflinburg, Hartleton, Woodward, Aaronsburg, Millheim, Spring Mills, Old Fort, Boalsburg, Pine Grove Mills, Stover's Place, Graysville, and Colerain Forge, to Spruce Creek. From Northville, by North East, Mooreheadville, Harbor Creek, and Wesleyville, to Erie. From Nuff's Mills, by West Barre, to Pine Grove Mills. From Oil Creek, by Holland, to Perry. From Oil City, by Oleopolis, to Pithole. From Oley, by Green Hill, New Jerusalem, and Drysville, to Lyons Station. From Oley, by Yellow House, and Amityvilie, to Douglassville. From Old Forge to Factoryville. From Orbisonia, by Meadow Gap, Maddensville, Fort Littleton, and Knobbsville, to McConnellsburg. From Orbisonia, by Scottsville, New Grenada, and Spearsville, to Ray's Hill. From Orcutt's Creek, to Chemung, in New York. From Orwigsburg, by Ringgold, Iand 1Mountain, to Steinsville. From Orwigsburg, by McKeansburg, Kepper's, West Penn, and New lMahoning, to Lehighton. From Osceola to Smith's Mills. From Otisville, in New York, by Finclville, Port Jervis, Matamoras, Milford, Darlingsville, Tafton, Honesdale, Prompton, Waymart, Carbondale, Dundaff, Lenox, Brooklyn, Montrose, Forest Lake, Friendsuille, Warrenham, and South Owego, in New York, to Owego. From Oxford, by Hopewell Cotton Works, Glen Roy, Oak Hill, Goshen, and Waklefield, to Peter's Creek. From Oxford, by Moulnt Vernon, Colerain, Kirkwood, Forrest Dale, and Bartville, to Christiana;. 262 POST-ROADS. From Oxford, by Mount Vernon, Colerain, Puseyville, and Mehallnics' Grove, to Chesnut Level. From Pallas to Chapman. From Palm to Hosensack. From Palmyra, by Campbellstown, Bachmansville, and Mount Harri son, to Elizabethtown. From Parker Station to Curllsville. From Parkersburg, by Ercildoun, MeWilliamstown, MAortonville, iand AIarshallton, to Westchester. From Parnassus to North Washington. From Parson's to Wilkesbarre. From Pealer's, by Stillwater, Benton, Cole's Creek, Central, and Da. vidson, to Laporte. From Penningtonville, by Wakefield, to Peter's Creek. ]1rom Perrine, by Sandy Lake, and New Vernon,.to Deer Creek. From Peru Mills, by Shade Valley, to Shade Gap. From Perry, by Stewart's Run, to Tionesta. From Peter7s Creek to Peach Bottom. From Petroleum Centre to Cherry Tree. From Philadelphia, by Conshohocken, gNorristown, Bridgeport, Port Kennedy, Valley Forge, Phenixville, Royer's'ord, Limnerick Bridge, Pottstown, IDouglassville, Baumstown, Bridgeboro', leading, Tuckerton, Mohrsville, Leesport, Hamburg, Port (Clinton, Auburn, Orwigsburg, and Schuylkill Haven, to Pottsville. From Philadelphia, by IFeltonville, ox Chase, Huntingdon Valley, Sorrel Horse, Davisville, Iichboro', Newton, and Dollington, to Taylorsville. From Philadelphia, by Kensington, Frankfordl, Orlando, and Bustleton, to Somerton. From Philadelphia, by Klensington, IDarby, Kelleysville, Oakdale, Media, Lima, Ivy Mills, Concordville, Chadd's Ford, to Haolllrton. From Philadelphia, by Milestown, Jenkinton, Abington, WVillow Grove, Hatboro, Hafrtsville, Ridge Valley, Doylestown, Bucklington, Lahaska, and New Hope, to Lanambertsville, in New Jersey. From Philadelphia, by Rising Sun, Germantown, Chesnut Hill, White Marsh, Upper Dublin, Spring House, 3Montgomeryville, Line Lexington, Seller's Tavern, Bunker 1Hill, Quakertown, Coopersburg, Centre Valley, and Fancon Valley, to Allentown. From Philadelphia,, by the Germantown turnpike road, Rising Sun Village, the Cheltenham and Willow Grove turnpike road, to the intersection of the Lime-Kiln turnpike road, thence by the latter road, by Pittville, Edge Hill Village, Fitzwatertown, Dreshertown, Tarrett Town, and Prospectville, to Green Tree. From Philadelphia, by Rising Sun, MBilestown, Jenkintown, Abington, Willow Grove, Horsham, Warrington, Doylestown, Danborough, Plumsteadville, Pipersville, Ottsville, Bucksville, Kentnersville, Durham, Reiglesville, and Uhlersville, to Easton. From Philadelphia, by Falls of Schuylkill, Manayunk, Leverington, Andover, Barren Hill, and Plymouth Meeting, to Norristown. From Philadelphia to Spring Garden. From Philadelphia, by General Wayne, Cabinet, West Haverford, Radner, Spread Eagle, Poali, Frazer, West Whiteland, I)ownington, Caln, Coatesville, Parkersburg, Sadsburyville, Pelningtonville, Christiana Gap, Kinzer's, Bellemonte, Paradise, Gordonsville, Enterprise, Lancaster, and Mountville, to Columbia. From Philadelphia by West Philadelphia, Upper Darby, Haverford, Newton Square, Edgemont, Williamstown Inn, and Milltown, to West Chester. From Phenixville by Kiumberton, Chester Springs, West Vincent, MIarsh, Morgantown, Churchtown, Goodville, Blue Ball, New Iloillalnd, B3areville, Leacocl, and Eden vi.llacee to Lancaster. IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. From Phcenixville, by Pickering, and West Pikeland, to Chester Springs. From Phcenixville, by Setzler's Store, Pottstown, Brower, Mount Airy, and Robeson, to Reading. From Plain Grove, by Centreville, Borardl's Mills, and Anandale, to North Washington. From Plymouth Meeting, by Blue Bell, Gwynedd, Montgomeryville, Pleasantville, and Whitehallville, to Doylestown. From Pleasantville, by Tionesta, to Clarion. From Plumerhouse to Titusville. From Pocono to Houser's Mills. From Port Clinton, by Drehersville, afd Focht's Forge, to Tamaqua. From Port Clinton, by Tamaqua, Hazleton, and East Sugar Loaf, to W ilkesbarre. From Potterfield to Shippenville. From Port Jervis, in New York, by Matamoras, to Milford. From Pottstown to Cedarville. From Pottstown, by East Coventry, to Setzler's Store. From Pottstown, by New Hanover, and Frederick, to Sumneytown. From Pottsville, by Broad Mountain, Fountain Spring, Mount Carmel, Bear Gap, Paxinos, and Sunbury, to Northumberland. From Pottsville, by Minersville, Llewellyn, Branch Dale, Swatara, and Tremont, to Donaldson. From Pottsville, by Port Carbon, Silver Creek, Middleport, Tuscarora, Tlmaqua, and Summit Hill, to Mauch Chunk. From Pottsville to Shenandoah. From Prompton, by Aldenville, and Stevenson's Mills, to Pleasant Mount. From Providence, by Clark's Green, Waverly, Facttoryville, Nicholson7s, and Lathrop, to Montrose. From Punxatawney, by Sprankle's Mills, to Pleasantville. From Pike, by Wyalusing, to Dushore. From Pike Mills, by Pike Valley, Mixtown, Hector, and Sabinsville, to Westfield. From Pine Grove, by Friedensburg, to Schuylkill Haven. From Pine Grove, by Lower Mahantango, Gratz, Berrysburg, and Elizabethtown, to Millersburg. From Pine Grove to Tremont. From Pine Hill to York. From Piquea, by Cain's, to Gap. From Piquea to New Holland. From Pittsburg, by Allegheny, Duquesne, Etna, Bakerstown, Glade Mills, Butler, Hibernia, Brownington, Slippery Rock, North Liberty, London, Mercer, Harthegig, Sheakleyville, Custard's, Meadville, Woodcock, Rockdale, Waterford, and Hull's Station, to Erie. From Pittsburg, over the line of the plank-road, by Allegheny, Perrysville, Wex"ord, Zelienople, Harmony, Whitestown, Prospect, Centreville, Harrisville, and WVesley, to Franklin. From Pittsburg, by Allegheny, West Manchester, Sewicklyville, Sewickly Bottom, Economy, and Freedom, to Rochester. From Pittsburg, by Buchanan, Street's Run, Coal Valley, McKeesport, West Elizabeth, Etlizabeth, Monongahela City, Gamble's, Webster, Beevernon, Cookstown, Pike Run, Brownsville, Red Stone, Perryopolis, Flatwoods, East Liberty, and Upper Middletown, to Uniontown. Erom Pittsburg, by Herriottsville, and Cannonsburg, to Washington. From Pittsburg, by Logan's Ferry, Puebla, and Shearer's Cross-Roads, to Leechlburg. From Pittsburg, by Montours, Moon, Clinton, Murdocksville, and Frankfort Springs, to Fair View, in West VTilrginia. From Pittsburg, by Perrysville, Wextord,1 Ogle, Breakneckl Wh7itcetown, and Prospeet, to BrowningLton. 264 POST-ROADS. From Pittsburg, by Perryville,Wexford, Zelienople, Middle Lancaster, Portersville, Harlensburg, and Leesburg, to Mercer. From Pittsburg, by Pittsburg and Connellsville Railroad, to Connellsville. From Pittsburg, by -Rural Ridge, Culnerville, Etna, Dorseyville, Porter's Store, Carnahan's, Norris', and:Riddle's Cross-Roads, to Saxczlburg. From Pittsburg, by Sblarpsburg, Houston, iHarmarville, Tarentum, Freeport, and Slate Lick, to Kittaning. From Pittsburg, by Surgeon's Hall, Gill Hall, Library, Finleyville, Mlonongahela City, and Bentleyville, to Beallsville. Fronm Pittsburg, by Temperarnceville, Remington, Fayette, Shirland, North Star, Bavington, Florence, Paris, and Holliday's Cove, in West Virginia, to Steubenville, in Ohio. From Pittsburg, by Walker's Mills, Noblestown, lLungo Park, Candor, Burgettstown, Cross Creek Village, Patterson's Mills, and Independence, to Betbany, in West Virginia. From Pittsburg to West Middleton. From Pittsburg, by White Ark, Antrim, North Washington, Apollo, Spring Church, Olivet, West Lebanon, and South Bend, to Shelocta. From Pittston Ferry, by Ransom Falls, and La Grange, to Tunklhann ock. From Quakertown, by Milford Square, Spinnerstown, and Gory's, to Pennsburg. From Quakertown, by Richlandtown, Pleasant Valley, Springton, and Durham, to Rieglesville. From Quakertown to Trumbauville. From R. R. Station, by Turkey Foot, to IKingwood. From Ransom, by Milwaukee, and Ball Mount, to Clark's Green. From Ray's Hill to Ackersville. From Reading, by Addams' Tavern, Brownsville, and Klopp's Store, to Womelsdorf. From Reading, by Addam's Tavern, Brownsville, Klopp's Store, Hletrich's, Host, Wintersville, and 3Mount _Etna, to Myerstown. From Reading, by Angelica, Hammnel's Store, California, and Welsh Mountain, to Waynesburgh. From Reading, by Beckersville, Joanna Furnace, Morgantown, Loag, Wallace, Uwchland, Lionville, and West Whiteland to West Chester. From Reading, by Black Bear Tavern, Oley Township, and Manatawny, to Pike. From Reading to Geiger's Mills. From Reading, by Lower Bern, Bernville, Tulpehocken, Rehrersburg, Bethel, and Cross Kill Mills, to Jonestowvn. From Reading to New Holland. From Reading, by Oley, Lobachsville, Pike Township, Manatawny, Dale, and Hillegass, to Sumneytown. From Reading, by Sinking Spring, Wernersville Furnace, Womelsdorf, Stouchburg, Myerstown, Lebanon, Annville, Palmyra, and Hlummelstown, to Harrisburg. From Reading, by Stonersville, Brumfieldville, Earlville, Greshville, Boyerstown, Beckersville, Colebrookdale, Dale, and Seisholtzville, to Hereford. From Reading, by Tuckerton, Maiden Creek, Molltown, Virginville, and Klinesville, to Fetherolffsville. From Reamstown, by Schoeneck, Reinholdsville, and Cocalico, to Shaefferstown. Fromn Reamstown, by Terre, Hill, to Churchtown. From Reedsville, by Kishacoquillas, Bellville, and Allensville, to Mill Creek. From Reedsville, by Kishacoquillas Valley, to Lock7s Mill. From Rehrersburg, by Wolleberstown, a.nd Mount Zion, to Lebanllon. From Rehrerslburg, to Womuels6ldorf, by Shaftl-ie's Store. From Reiglesville, by Upper Black Eciddy, Erwiuna, Point Pleasant, NT THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 265 Lumberville, Centre Bridge, Lambertsville, New Hope, BrownLsburg, Taylorsville, and Yardleyville, to Trenton; in New Jersey. From Reynolds to Rochdale. From Reynoldsville to Punxatawney. From Richland, by Millbach, and Kleinfeltersville, to Shaefferstown. From Ridgway to Shawmut. From Rochester, by Beaver, Fallstown, Brighton, and Irish Ripple, to Newcastle. From Rockland, by Cranberry, to Laytonia. From Rockton to Penfield. From Rogersville, by Walnut Brush, Burt Mill, and Big Tree, to Cameron, in West Virginlia. From Rome, by North Orwell, West Windham, Nicholas, in New York, and Canfield Corners, to Smithborough. From Rome, by North Rome, to Sheshequin. From Roseville, by Chandlersville, to Mainesburg. From Rostraver to West Newton. From Rossville, by Wellsville, and Mount Top, to Dillsburg. From Roulette to Ceres. From Rome, by Joseph Seeley's, and Kenyon Corners, to. Nichols. From Roxbury, by Amdersolns Valley, to Dry Run. From Rush, by East Rush, Rushtown Corners, West Auburn, and East Spring Hill, to Laceyville. From Russelburg, by Beach Woods, to Sugar Grove. From Russell Hill to Keiserville. From Rutland, by Elk Run, to Mainsburg. From Ryerson's Station, by Rock Lickl, in West Virginia, to Cameron Station, in TWest Virginia. From Sabinsville, by Mixtown, and Sunderlinville, to Ulysses. From Safe Harbor, by Conestoga, Martickville, Mount Nebo, and Rawsvliusville, to Buck. From Safe Harbor to Martic Forge. From Saegerstown to Blooming Valley. From Saegerstown, by Cussawago, and Crossingville, to Elk Creek. From Saegerstown, by Cussawago, and Raundell's, to Conneautville. From Saegersville, by Germanville, and Oswaldville, to Jacksonville. Fromn Saint Mary's to Hersey's. From Salem Cross-Roads, by Poke Run, North Washington, Crawford Mills, Shearer's Cross-Roads, Leechburg, Freeport, Sarversville, and Saxenburg, to Butler. From Salona to Lamar Mills. From Saltsburg, by Coal Port, Elder's Ridge, Long Run, Shady Plain, Cochran's Mills, and Hilman7s, to Kittaning. From Saltsburg to Perrysville. From Sanddy Lake to North Sandy. From Sartwell to Forrest House,:From Sartwell, by Port Allegheny, and White's Summit, to Emporium. From Saxouburgh, by Sypher's Cross-Roads, and Winfieldl Furnace, to Slate Lick. From Scotch Hill to Cookesburg. Fromu Scotland to Green Village. From Scottsville, by Jenningsville, and Lovelton, to Bellasylva. From Scottsville, by Little Mehoopany Ceutre, Loveton, and Wolf -Creek, to Dushore. From Schellsburg, by New Paris, Alum Bank, and Spring Meadow, to Saint Clairsville. From Schuylkill Haven to Tremont. From Schuylkill HEaven, by Minerssille,:to Tremont. From Schwenek's Store, by Frederick, Dougl.:ss, Colebrookda!e, Clayton, ancld Shimerville, to Emnanus. 266 POST-ROADS. From Scranton, by Dunmore, Dalesville, Clifton, Naglesville, Stanhope, Tannersville, and Bartonsville, to Stroudsburg. From. Scrubgrass Station to -Nickleville. From Seidersville, by Limeport, and Locust Valley, to Coopersburg. From Seidersville to Steinsburg. From Seiverling's, by Waterford and Belleville, to Wattsburg. From Selin's Grove, by Kratzerville, New Berlin, and Barber's Mills, to Mifflinburg. From Selin's Grove, by Middle Creek Hotel, to Middleburg. From Selin's Grove, by Kratzerville, Chesnut Ridge, Winfield, Lewisburg, New Columbia, White Deer Mills, and Road Hall, to Williamsp-ort. From Sereno, by Unityville, to Muncy Bottom. From Shade Gap, by Bolingerstown, and Peru Mills, to McCulloch's Mills. From Shaff's Bridge, by Gebhart's, and Glade, to New Lexington. From Sheakleyville, by Sandy Creekl, and Sutton's Corners, to Evansburg. From Sharon Centre, by East Sharon, West Shongo, in New York, Shongo, and Willink, to Wellsville. From Shaver's Creek, by Cottage, West Barre, Manor Hill, East Barre, Ennisville, McAlevy's Fort, and Greenwood Furnace, to Belleville. From Shaw's Landing to Custard's. From Shelocta, by Advance, -Tosack's Mills, and Atwood, to Barnard's. Froim Shenandoah to Flour Barrel Station. From Sherman, and Findley's Lake, to North East. From Sheshequin, by Ulster, to Hornbrook. Froin Shickshinney, by Town Hill, to Cambria. From Shickshinney, by Town Line, Harveyville, Bloomingdale, Sweet Valley, and Muhlenberg, to Shickshinney. From Shippensville, by Jefferson Furnace, Lamartine, Agnew's Mills, Emlenton, and North Hope, to Butler. From Shippensville, by Lucinda Furnace, and Fryburg, to Tylersburg. From Shippensburg, by Mowersville, to Roxbury. From Shippensburg, by Orrstown, Pleasant Hall, Upper Strasburg, Roxbury, and Newburg, to Shippensburg. From Shirland to Clinton. From Shrewsbury Station, by Plank Road, Shrewsbury, Middlctown, 2Metzell Mill, County Road, and Strawbridge's Store, to Fawn Grove. From Shrewsbury, biy Stewartstown, Strawbridge, Fawn Grove, and Slate Ridge, to Bryansville. From Shunk, by Eldredville, and Campbellsville, to Sugar Run. From Sieglesville to Milroy. From Six Points to Eau Claire. From Strinestown to Manchester. From Skippack, by Harleyville, Franconia, and Tylersville, to Charleston. From Slate Hill, by Bryansville, and Castle Fin, to McCall's Ferry. From Slate Lick, by Worthington, to Cowansville. From Smithfield, by New Geneva, Greensborough, Mapletown, and Willow Tree, to Mount Morris. From Smithport, by Bradford, Limestone, iu New Yorl, and Kill Buck, to Great Valley. From Smithport, by Annin Creek, to Port Allegheny. From Smithport, by Farmer's Valley, Sartwell, Alleghdny Bridge, and Portville, in New York, to tlean. From Smithport, by Lafayette, Eden, and Kinzua, to Warren. FIrom Smithport to Wilcox. From Smlith's Ferry, by Ohioville, and Blacki Hawk, to Darlington. From Smiths BMills, by Coebhranton, to John bWightinan's. From Smith's Mil ls, by Jeffriies, aLd Cu e re1field Bid-ge. to Clearficld IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 267 From Smith's Mills to Madeira. From Somerset, by Benford's Store, to Stoyestown. From Somerset, by Gebhart's, New Lexington, Turkey Foot, and Harnedsville, to Addison. From Somerset, by Sipesville, Forwardstown, and Bemis Creek, to Johnstown. From Somerset, by Stony Creek, Dry Ridge, West End, and Mann's Choice, to Bedford. From South Creek, to Webb's Mills, in New York. From Southwest to Garland. From Springfield Furnace to Bruce. From Spring Forge to Codorus. From Spring Hope to Schellsburg. From Spring House Tavern to Sumneytown. From Stoddardsville, by Clifton, to Summerville. From Starucca to Tallmansville. From State-Lick, by McVill, to North Buffalo. From Sterlingville, by Lynn, to Tunkhannock Depot. From Stevens, by Schoeneck, and Reinholdsville, to Cocalico, and return to Stevens, by Schoeneck. From Stewartstown, by Cross-Roads, Apple Grove, and Dallastown, to York. From Stone Church, by Roxbury, to Mount Bethel. From Stoyestown, by Davidsville, to Johnstown. From Stoyestown, by Dibertsville, and Davidsville, to Johnstown. From Strasburg, by Leesburg, New Providence, and Camargo, to (Quarryville. From Strattonville, by Helen Furnace, Scotch Hill, North Pine Grove,!Molrionville, and Foxburg, to Warren. From Strattonville, by Kahle's Store, to Clarington. From Stroudsburg, by Analomink, Henrysville, and Paradise Valley, to New Mount Pleasant. From Stroudsburg, by Analomink, Priceburg, Covesville, South Sterling, and East Sterling, to Sterling. From Stroudsburg, by Bossardsville, Fennersville, Long Valleyville, and Weissport, to Mauch Chunk. From Stroudsbhurg to Saylorsburg. From Stroudsburg, by Shawnee, Treibleville, and Turn's, to Bushkill. From Stroudsburg, by Snydersville, Kellersville, and Fennersville, to B3rodheadville. From Stroudsburg, by Snydersville, Fennersville, Kunkleton, Kresgeville, and Little Gap, to Lehigh Gap. From Sugar Grove, by Beech Woods, and Jackson Run, to Warren. From Sugar Grove, to Watts's Station, in New York. From Sugar Run to Browntown. From Sugartown to White Horse. From Sugar Valley, by Carroll, amnd Forest Iron VWorlrs, to White Deer Mills. From Summit, by Ebensburg, Armagh, Blairsville, New Alexandria, Harvey's Five Points, Salem Cross-Roads, Murrysville, Mon roeville, and Wilkinsburg, to Pittsburg. From Summit, by Portage, Wilmore, and Summer Hill, to Johnstown. From Sumneytown, by Hosensack and Emau's, to Allentown. From Sunbury, by Snydertown, and tRushtown, to Danville. From Sylvania, by Gray's Valley, and Maiuesburg, to Mansfield. From Tafton to Hawley. From Tamaqua, by Lindersville, Jeansville, Haizleton, Drum's, A1bert's, and Helldricksburg, to Wilkesbarre. From Tannersville to Mildenberger's. From lB: t;aetun tO Saxonburgh. 268 POST-ROADS. From Texas, by Morris, Wellsboro, Chatham Valley, Little Marsh, Knoxville, and Westfield, to Pine Creek. From Thomasville to York. From Thompsontown, by East Salem, and Van West, to Thompsonville. From Thompson, by Hfine's Corners, Preston Centre, Tallmansville, Scott's Centre, and Ball's Eddy, to Hancock, in New York. From Three Springs to MLount Union. From Tioga, by Bailey Creek, Rutland, and Harlansville, to Columbia Cross-Roads. From Tioga, by Farmington Hill, Farmington Centre, and East Chathllam, to Knoxville. From Farmington Centre to Osceola. From Tioga, by Hammond Creekl, and Maple Ridge, to Seely Creek, in New York. From Titusville, by Eagle, and Spring Creek, to Columbus. From Titusville, by Holland, to Perry. From Tionesta, by Howe, to Tedioute. From Tionesta to Foxborough. From Tippecanoe to Brownsville. From Tirone, by Phillipsburg, Woodland, and Clearfield, to Curwinsville. From Titusville, by Enterprise, Davis's Settlement, Youngsville, and Chandler's Valley, to Sugar Grove. From Titusville to Morris Corners. From Titusville, by Sugar Lake, to Meadville. From Tobyhanna to South Sterling. From Towanda, by Highland, Burlington, East Smithfield, North Smithfield, Bentley Creek, and Ridgebury, to Wellsburg, in New Yort. From Towanda, by Highland, Burlington, West Burlington, East Troy, Troy, Sylvania, and Sullivan, to Covington. ~From Townsville, by Troy Centre, to Plum. From Trappe, Schwenk's Store, Sumneytown, and Harleysville, to lFranconia. From Tremont, by Bearmont, Wiconisco, Short M3ountain, Oakdale, and Elizabethville, to Millersburg. From Trout Run, by Liberty, to Blossburg. From Trout Run, by Lippincott's Mills, MurrTiy's Run, Wallis' Run, Kelley's Mills, and Plunkett's (Creek, to Barbour's Mill. From Troxelville to Beaver Springs. From Troy to Blossburg. From Trexlertown, by Middletown, to Hereford. From Troy, by Webler's Mills, to Lyon's Mills. From Troy Centre to Tyronville. From Trunkeyville to Fagundus Forest. From Tunkhannock, by Eaton, South Eaton, Keelersburg, Centre MIoreland, and Vernon, to Bowman's Creek. From Tunkhannock, by Factoryville, Fleetsville, Wallsville, Warren's MIills, and Tompkinsville, to Clifford. From Tunkhannock, by Pierceville, Nicholson, Glenwood, Lenoxville, Clifford, and Dundaff, to Carbondale.?From Tunkhannock, by Russell Hill, Sterlington, Braintrem, Skinner's Eddy, Laceyville, Browntown, Wyalusing, Lime Hill, Rummerfield Creek, Standing Store, Wysox, Towanda, Ulster, Milan, and Athens, to Waverly, in New York. From Tunklhannock, by West Eaton, Forkstown, Lovelton, and Bellasy'lva, to Dushore. From Tuscarora, by Pitman, to Catawissa Valley. From Tylersport to Seller's Tavern. Flrom Tyrone to Siinking Valley. From Ulysses to Genesee Forks. IN THE STATE OF PF:NNSYLVANIA. 269 From Ulysses, by Harrison Valley, to Westfield. From Union Station to Church Station. From Uniontown, by McClellandtown, Masontown, Carmichael's, Rice's Landing, and Jefferson, to Waynesburg. From Masontown, by Greensboro', Mapleton, and Willow Tree, to Carmichael's. From Uniontown, by New Salem, Merrittstown, Brownsville, Fredericktown, Millsboro', Clarksville, and Jefferson, to Waynesburg. From Uniontown, by Kennett's Square, Hamorton, Fairville, ard Centreville, in Delaware, to Wilmington. From Unionville to Marlborough. From Upper Lehigh to Eckley. From Upper Providence to Media. From Upson'ville to- Great Bend. From Vancefort to lHayesville. From Vermillyer's, by Long Run, and Sabinsville, to Westfield. From Village Green, by Chelsea, to Booth's Corners. From Vineyard Mills to Mount Union. From Warfordsburg. by Emmaville, to Ray's Hill. From Warfordsburg, by Mount Airy, Emimaville, and Cherry Grove, to Bloody Run. From Wampum, by North Sewickly; Wirtemburg, and Chenango, to Wampum. From Warren, by Frewsburg, Jamestown, and Delati, to Dunkirk, in New York. From Warren, by Germany, Corydon, Onoville, Ten-Mile Spring, and Buck Tooth, to Little Valley. From Warren, by Irviue, Yonngsvillei Pittsfield, Garland, Spring Creek, West Spring Creek, Spartansburg, Cook, Wayne, Le Bceuf, and Union Mills, to Waterford. From Warren, by Jackson Run, and Chandler's Valley, to Sugar Grove. From Warren, by Kinzua, Corydon, Onoville, Ten-Mile Spring, in New York, Buck Tooth, and Kilbuck, to Olean. From Warren, by Mead, Sheffield, and New Highland, to Ridgway. From Warren, by Russellburg, and Carroll, in Ne-r York, to Jamestown. From Warren Centre to Le Raysville. From Washington, by Buffalo, West Middleton, Independence, Fowler's, in West Virginia, WVellsburg, in West Virginia, Phillipsburg, in Ohio, New Alexaftdria, Smithfield, and Cold Spring, to Cadiz. From Washington, by Chartiers, Cross Creek, Eldersville, and Cherry Hill, to Steubenville, in Ohio. From Washington, by Locust Hill, Hickory, Cherry Valley, Burgettstown, Florence, Frankfort Springs, Kendall, Hookstown, and Georgetown, to Smith's Ferry. From Washington to Rice's Landing. From Warrenham, by South Owego, in New York, to Owego. From Washington to Taylorstown. From Washington, by Van-Buren, Prosperity, Sparta, Lindley's Mills, Amity, and Ten Mile, to Waynesburg. From Water Cure to Rochester. From WVaterford, by Bellona, to Wattsburg. From Waterford, by Le Bceuf, Union Mills, Wayne, Columbus, Lottsville, Sugar Grove, and Bustle, to Janmetown, in New York. From Waterloo, by Nossville, to Shade Gap. From Waterloo to Shade Valley. From Water Street, by Alexandria, to Petersburg. From WVaterville to English Centre. From Waterville, by Garrettsville, and Little Pine CreekL, to Texas. From Wattsburg, by Wayne, Columbus, and Laporte, to Pittsfield. From Waverly, by Wallsville, Fleetville, and MIilliardsville, to Lenox. 970 POST-ROADS. From Waynesburg, by Call's Mills, White Cottage, New Freeport, Pursley, Sugar-Run, and Knob Fork, to Middlebourne, in WVest Virginiar. From Waynesburg, by f-Tunter's Cove, Harvey's, Wind Ridge, Ryerson's Station, Poplar Spring in West Virginia, Beeler's Station, and Limestone, to Moundsville. From Waynesburg, by Jefferson, Carmichael's, Mapleton, Greensboro, Dunkard, Davistown, Willow Tree, and VWhitel!, to Waynesburg. Fronm Waynesburg, by Mount Morris, Dunkard, and Wiley, to Greensboro'. From Waynesburg, by Rogersville, Jollytown, and Blacksville, in West Virginia, to Waynesburg. From Waynesburg, by Simpson's Store, and Good Intent, to West Alexander. From Wellsboro', by Charlestown, Crooked Creek, Tioga, and Bailey Creek, to Rutland. From Wellsboro', by Pine Creek, Gaines, Pike Mills, West Pilke, Cushingville, Sweden, Lymansville, Cowdersport, Roulette, Burtville, and Port Alleghany, to Smithport. From Wellsboro', by Sabinsville, to Westfield. From Wellsburg, by Southampton Mills, Mount Healthy, New Baltimore, and ]New Buena Vista, to Shellsburg. From Wellsville, by Dillsburg, and Allen, to Mechanicsburg. From West Alexander to Independence. From West Bingham, by Turner Creek, Binlgham, Spring Mills, White's Corner's, Harrison Valley, to Westfield, returning by Harrison Valley and Turner Creek, to West Bingham. From West Chester, by Downingtonl, Guthriesville, Brandywine Manor, Rockville, Honey Brook, Beartown, Blue Ball, New Holland, 1-Hillkleton, Ephratah, Durlach, Brickerville, Cornwall, and Campbellto wu, to HuInmelstown. From West Chester, by Goshenville, and Sugar Town, to Paoli. From West Chester, by McCall's, and Boot Road Station, to West Chester Intersection. From West Chester, by Marshallton, Embreeville, Unionville, Doe Ilun, Gum Tree, Cochranville, Russellville, Hoyesville, Oxford, Hopewell Cotton Works, Brick Meeting House, in Maryland, Rising Sun, Carmington, Principio, and Battle Swamp, to Perrysville. From West Chester, by Paoli, to Philadelphia. From West Chester, by Parlkersville, Hamorton, and Kennett's Square, to Landon Grove. From West Chester, by Thornburg, Dilworthtown,'and Talleyville in Delaware, to Wilmington. From West Decatur, by Clearfield Bridge, to Curwinsville. From West Franklin, by Granville, to Alba. From West Greenville, by Jamestown, Adamsville, Hartstown, North Shenango, Line Mills, and Unity, to Conneautville. From West Greenwood to Sutton's Corners. From West Middletown, by Patterson's Mills, Cross Creek Village, Eldersville, Burgettstown, Clinton, Seventy-Six, and Service, to H1ookstown. From Westminster to Southampton. From West Nanticoke, by Harvey's Creek, to Silver Rock. From West Newton, by Buena Vista, Yohoghany, and McKeesport, to Pittsburgh. From West Penn, by Mahoning, to Leighton. From West Philadelphia, by Kelleysville, Marple, and Rose Tree, to EHowellville. From Westport, up Kettle Creek, by Leidy, and Cross Fork, to Kettle Creek. From Wmhite Deer, by Alvira, to Elamsport. From White Haven, by Hicliory Run, and Albrightsville, to Mierwinsburg. iIN T1'IE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 271 From Wilkesbarre, by Church Hill, to Nanticoke. From Wilkesbarre, by Kingston, Forty Fort, Wyoming, Exeter, Keelersburgh, South Eaton, Eaton, Tunkhannock, Winchester, Lynn, Springville, Dimock, Montrose, Lawsville Centre, Brookdale, and Corbettsville, in New York, to Kirkwood. From Wilkesbarre, byv Kingston, Truckville, Huntsville, Lehman, Dallas, and Bowman's Creek, to Tunkhannock. From Wilkesbarre, by Plainsville, Port Blanchard, Pittston Ferry, Old Forge, Lackawanna, Hyde Park, Scranton, Providence, Blakely, Carbondale, Weymart, and Prompton, to Honesdale. From Wilkesbarre, by White Haven, Morrison, Rockport, and Wetherby, to Mauch Chunk. lFrom Williamsburg, by Yellow Spring, and Water Street, to Spruce Creek. From Williams Grove, by Grahampton, to Shivey's. FI'rom Williamson, by Saint Thomas, to 3Mount Parnell. From Williamson to Upton. From Williamsport, by Hepburn, Crescent, Trout Run, Ralston, Canton, Alba, Troy, Columbia Cross-Roads, South Creek, and Southport, in New York, to Elmira. From Williamsport, by Newberry, Linden, Jersey Shore, Chatham run, Dunnsburg, Lock Haven, Flemington, Mill Hall, Salona, Lamar, Nittany, Hublersburgh, and Zion, to Bellefonte. From Williamsport, by Warrensville, Barbour's Mills, Hill's Grove, and 31illview, to Dushore. From Williamsport, by Warrensville, Lycoming Creek, Slate Road, an(l Larry's Creek, to Jersey Shore. From Wind Gap, by Bush Kiln Centre, to Moorestown. From Wind Gap to Flicksville. From Wind Ridge to New Freeport. From Wittenberg, by Pocahontas, to Frostburg, in Maryland. From W~omelsdorf, by Mlillbach, to Schaefterstown. From Woodbury to Roaring Springs. From Woodcock, by Teepleville, the Town Line Road, and Frisby's Settlement, to Waterford. From Worthington to Millersburg. From Wrightsville, by Margaretta Furnace, New Bridgeville, Gralhamsville, and York Furnace, to McCall's Ferry. From Wyalusing to Herrick. From Wyalusing, by Merryall, Camptown, and Stevensville, to Pike. From Wyalusing to Sugar Run. From York, by Dallastown, Apple Grove, Cross-Roads, Union, Chanceford, Lower Chanceford, and Castle Fin, to Peach Bottom. From York, by Dover, Rossville, Lewisbury, Lisburn, and Sidonsburg, to Mechanicsburg. From York, by East Berlin, to York Sulphur Springs. From York, by Emigsville, Mount Campbell, Mlanchester, York Haven, Etter's, and New Cumberland, to Harrisburg. From York, by Farmers, Abbottstown, Hanover, MeSherrystown, and New Oxford, to Gettysburg. From York, by Pine Hill, Codoras, Hetrics, Kron's Mills, in Maryland, Manchester, and Bachmalln's Mills, to Westminster. From York Sulphur Springs, by Bermudian, lHfall, and Da)vidsburg, to York. From York Sulphur Springs, by Idaville, to Wenks. From Yorkl Sulphur Springs to Latimer. From Youngstown, by Brudenville, New Derry, Blairsville, Livermore. Tunnell, Saltsburg, Coalport, Kiskiminitas, Apollo, and LeechIburg, to Freep)ort. From Zion Hill to Coopersburg. From Zollarsville to Ten Mile. 272 POST-ROADS. Rhode Island. IN TRHE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Blackstone, by Pascoag, Slatersville, Mohegan, and Mapleville, 230, v. 10, p. 364. to Burrillville. 18 July, 1866, c.'202, v. 14, p. 189. From Bristol, by New Castle, to Pamaquid. 3 March, 1869, c. From Chepachet to Burrillville. 131, v. 15, p. 33'2. From Coventry, by Potterville, to Rice City. 3 March, 1873, C. From Coventry, by West Greenwich, to Pine Hill. From Cross's'Mills to Carolina Mills. From Kingston Depot, by Usquepaugh, to Brand's Tron Works. From Newport, by Jamestown, Narragansett, Tower Hill, Wakefieldl, Perrysville, Charlestown, and Quonochontaug, to Westerly. From Nooseneck Hill, by West Greenwich Centre, Eskoheag, and Vol1ntown, to Campbell's Mills. From Pawtuxet to ~Warwick Neck. From Phoenix, by River Point, and Anthony, to East Greenwich. From Providence, by Centredale, Greenville, and Chepachet, to Pascoag. From Providence, by East Greenwich, Wickford, Kingston, Shamrock Mills, Carolina Mlills, Dorrville, and Westerly, to Stonington, in Connecticut. From Providence, by Knightsville, Natick, Centreville, Coventry, West Greenwich, Pine Eill, Brand's Iron VW'orks, Hophinton, North Stonington, in Connecticut, Mystic, Centre Groton, and Groton, to New London. From Providence, by Lippett, to Fiskville. From Providence, by North Scituate, Foster, and East Killingly, in Connecticut, to Killingly. From Providence, by North Scituate, South Foster, and South Killingly, in Connecticut, to West Killingly. From Providence, by Olueysville, South Scituate, M ount Vernon, Rice City, Sterling, in Connecticut, and Moosup, to Central Village. From Providence, by Pawtuxet, Valley Falls, Lansdale, Lime Rock, AlbionL Manville, Cumberland Hill, Woonsocket Falls, Blackstone, in Massa ihusetts, Slatersville, Millville, in Massachusetts, Uxbridge, New Uxbridge, Whitinsville, orthbrille, Northbridgle Farnnmsville, Sandersville, Wilkinsonville, and Milbury, to Worcester. From Providence, by Pawtuxet, Warwick, and East Greenwich, to Wickford. From Providence, by Vue de l'Eau, Barrington, Warrenr Bristol, and Portsmouth, to Newport. From Pawtuxet to Warwick Neck. From South Scituate, by Claysville, to Foster Centre. From Wakefield, by Peacedale, and Kingston, to Kingston Depot. From Warwick Depot, by Warwick, Centreville, and Anthony, to Coventry. From Warwick Depot, by Warwick, Natick, and Phlenix, to Hopeville. From Westerly, by Potter's Hill, and Ashaway, to Hopkinton. South Carolina. IN THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Abbeville Court-House, by Smithville, to Greenwood. 230, v. 10, PP. 431- From Abbeville Court-House, by Smithville, and Robert's Store, to 436. 3 Marc, 155, Abbeville Court-House. 3 March, 1855, c. 211, v. 10, p. 707. From Abbeville Court-House, by Temple of Health, Diamond Hill, 18 Aug., 1856, c. Mount View, and Wilson7s Creek, to Mofiettsville. 168, V. 11, p. 135. From Abbeville Court-House, by Warrenton, Monterey, Lowndesville, 19, v. 11, 5c2. C. herokee Heights, HaIpeI's Ferry, and Ruckersville. in Georgia, to 14 June, 1858, c. Elberton, in Georgia. 162, v. 11, p. 359. From Adams' Rulnn to Edisto Island. From Aiken, by Edisto, to Kitching's Mills. IN THIE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 273 From Aiken, by Sawyer's Mills, to Leesville. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Aikin, by Tinker's Creek, and Dunbarton, to Lower Three 57, v. 12, p. 164. Runs. 3 March, 1869, c. 131, v. 15, p. 332. From Alston, by Thompson's, and Long Rlun, to Monticello. 10 April, 1869, c. From Anderson Court-House, by Butlersville, Moffitsville, and Crafts- 30, v. 16, p. 50. ville, in Georgia, to Ruckersville. 5 March, 1870. c. From Anderson Court-house, by Clayton, and Rabun's Gap, to Chat- 214 J11y 1870, p. tanooga, in Tennessee. -273, v. 1(G P. 289. From Anderson Court-House, by Deep Creek, Steele's, Churubusco, 28 Feb., 1871, c. and Milwee's, to Anderson Court-House. v. 16, pa 468. From Anderson Court-House, by Hartwell, in Georgia, to Athens, in 159, V. 7, P. 113. Georgia. 10 June, 1872, c. From Anderson Court-House, by Locust Hill, Belton, and Calhoun, 427, v. 17, p. 386. to Line Creek. 3 March, 1873, c. From Anderson Court-House, by Mountain Creek, Rock 3Mills, and 255, v. 17, p. 596, Evergreen, to Montevideo. From Anderson Court-House, by Piercetown. Equality, Slab Town, Cherubusco, and Milwee's, to Anderson Court-House. From Anderson Court-House, by Rabun's Gap, to Knoxville, in Tennessee. From Anderson Court-Honse, by Seneca, Andersonville, Henley's Store, and Ford's Store, to Carnesville, in Georgia. From Anderson Court-House, by Townville, and Bachelor's Retreat, to Watton's Ford. From Anderson Court-House, by Varennes, and Level Land, to Abbeville Court-HElouse. From Augusta, in Georgia, by Beech Island, Silverton, Four-mile Branch, Speedwell, Lower Three Runs, Erwinton, King's Creek, Danielton, Brighton, and Robertsville, to Gillisonville. From Augusta, by Hamburg, Edgefield Court-House, Elton, Meeting Street, and Sleepy Creek, to Ninety-Six Depot. From Augusta, in Georgia, by Quaker Springs, Woodlawn, Rocky Pond, Park's Store. Cairo, Mapleton, Bordeaux, Willmington, and Mount Carmel, to Calhoun Mills. From Barnwell Court-House, by Fiddle Pond, Allendale, and Smyrna, to King's Creek. From Beaufort to Pocotaligo. From Beaver Pond, by Bull Swamp, Wolf's Store, and Andrew Chappell's, to Saint Matthews. From Belton to Anderson Court-House. From Bennettsville, by Adamsville, and Gibson's Store, to Laural Hill Depot, in North Carolina. From Bennettsville to Beaver Dam. From Bennettsville to Cheraw. From Bennettsville, by Parnassus, Brownsville, and Selkirk, to Clio. From Bennettsville, to Richmond, in North Carolina. From Bishopville, by Mount Elon, and Swift Creek, to Darlington Court-House. From Black Mingo, by Cooper's Store, Roy's Branch, and Boggy Swamp Road, to Kingstree. From Black Oak, by Pamlico, to Summerville. From Blackville to Barnwelle Court-House. From Camden, by Bee Tree, Longtown, Bridgewood, Winnsboro, Jackson's Creek, Long Run, Monticello, Glymphville, and Mount Bethel, to Newberry Court-House. From Camden, by Boykin's Depot, Stateburg, and Manchester, to Wateree. From Camden, by James Hailes', Elm Grove, Clayborn's Store, Palmetto, Butler, Tryon, Dudley, Blackman's Store, Blackman's Gold Mine, Wild-Cat, and Wolf Pond, in North Carolina, to Monroe. Fronm (Jamdqn, by Jefferson, Mount Croghan, and Chesterfield CourtHouse, to Cheraw. 1 S III.X-18 274 POST-ROADS. From Cambridge, by Ninety-six, Swancy's Ferry, and Waterloo, to Laurens Court-House. From Camdell to Tiller's Ferry. From Cedar Creek to Brown's. From Charleston by Beaufort, Boyd's LBeauortding, s nilton Head, and Bluffton, to Savannah, in Georgia. From. Charleston to Curtis', on John's Island. From Charleston, by Haddrell's, to Georgetown. From Charleston, by 3Iount Holly,.Monk's Corner, and Black Oak, to Pineville. From Charleston, by Rantoul's. Adam's Run, Ashepoo Ferry, Blue House, Saltketcher Bridge, Pocotaligo, Coosawhatchie, and Gillsonville, to Grahamsville. From Chaxrleston, by Sumnmerville, Ridgeville, Inabnet's, Saint George's, Branchville, Mlidwway, Bamberg, Graham's Turnout, Blackville, Williston, White Pond, Woodward, Aiken, Bath, and Hamburgh, to Augusta, in Georgia. From Chester Court-House, by Baton Rouge, Carmel Hill, and Tomsville, to Pinckneyville. From Chester Court-House to Cedar Shoals. From Chester Court-House, by Lowreysville, Springwell, Guthriesville, Yorkville, Clay Hill, Ranalesburg, and White Hall, to Charlotte. From Cokesbury to Abbeville. From Columbia, by Hope Station, Alston, Pomaria, Newberry CourtHouse, Chappell's Bridge, Dyson's Mills, Ninety-Six, New Market, Greenwvood, Abbeville, Donaldsville, Honey Path, Beltoln, Anderson CourtHouse, Williamston, and Golden Grove, to Greenville Court House. From Columbia, by Hopkins' Turnout, Gadsden, Fort Motte, Saint Matthews, Orangeburgh Court-House, and Jamison, to Branchville. From Columbia, by Level, Ridgeway, Simpson's, Winnsboro', Black Stocks, Cornwell Turnout, Chesterville, Chester Court-House, Smith's T'urnout, Rock Hill, Fort Mills, and Pineville, to Charlotte. From Columbia, by Lexington Court-House, Leesville Ridge, and Lotts, to Edgefield Court-House. From Columbia, by Oakville, to Rockville. From Columbia, by Pleasant Springs, Countsville, and Calk's CrossRoads, to Calk's Ferry. From Columbia to Sandy Run. From Conwayborough, by BlanDton's Cross-Roads, Prince's Store, and Big Swamp, to Fair Bluff, in North Carolina. From Conwayborough, by Lake Swamp, to Floyd's Mills. From Conwayborough to Little River. Fromn Cornwell Turnout, by Torbitt's Store, to Hazlewood. From Cross Anchor, by Hobbysville, Woodruff's, Cashville, Sparta, Pliny, Pleasant Grove, Chick;s Springs, and Pomeroy, to Merrittsville. From Donaldsonville, by Gentsville, Queensborough, Calhoun, Stantonville, Williamston, Golden Grove, Sterling Grove, and Highway, to Greenville Court-House. From Due West Corner to Donaldsonville. From Edgefield Court-House, by Duntonsville, Longmire's Store, AMilway, and Harrisburg, to Abbeville Court House. From Edgefield Court-House to Newberry Court-House. From Edgefield Court-House to Aiken. From Fair Bluff, in North Carolina, to Conwayborough. From Florence, by Darlington, and Society Hill, to Cheraw. From Fountain Inn, by Cripple CreekL, Lickville, Cedar Falls, Dunklin, Eden, and Fairview, to Fountain Inn. From Frog Level to Newberry Court-House. From Georgetown, by China Grove, Black Mingo, Johnsonville, Lynch's Creek, Flintville, and Marr's BluffE to Merchants' Bluff. From Georgetown to Conwayborough, IN THIE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 275 From Georgetown, by Y'anhanlna, Bucksville, Conwayboro', and Dogwood Neck, to Little River. lFrom Gillisonville, by Horse Gall, A. M. Ruth's, B3. L. Willingham's, and Silver Hill, to Beech Branch. From Grahabmls Turnout, by Duncansville, Buford''s Bridge, Angley's Branch, Greenfield, Beach Brandch, Lawtonville, Steep) Bottom, and Robertsville, to Gilsonville. Froml Graham's Turnout, by Rocky Swatnmp Kitching's Mills, Edisto, and Edisto M3ills, to Lotts. From Grahamville to Bluffton. Ii'rom Greenville Court-IIouse, by Buena Vista, Plinr, and Cashville, to Woodruff's. Froim Greenville Court-House to head of Greenville and Columbia Railroad. From Greenville Court-House, by Gilder, Clear Spring, and Enora, to Woodruff'is. From Greenville (Court-House, bv Pleasant Grove, WVallace's Factory, New Hope, Crawfordsville, and Fort Prince, to Spartanburg CourtHouse. From Greenville Court-House, by Sandy Flat, and Pomeroy, to HIiland Grove. From Greenville Court-House, by Traveller's Rest, Lima, Merrittsville, Green PRiver, in North Carolina, Flat Rock, Hendersonville, Mud Creek, and Shufordsville, to Ashville. From Hamburg, to Augusta, in Georgia. From Hamburg, by Poverty Hill, Ivy Island, Colliers, Cold Spring, and Rehoboth, to Longmire's Store. From Hope Station, by Walton, Glymphville, Maybington, land Goshen lill, to Whitmire's. From Horse Shoe, by Holly Springs, Long Creek, and Cherokee, to Clayton, in Georgia. From indiantown, by Singletarysville, to Lynchs Lake. From Jefferson to Brewer Mine. From. Jefferson, by Neil Graham's, Blackney's Bridge, Lynch wood, and Perkins, to Camden. Fromn Jeffries' Creek to Red Bluff From JefCries' Creek, by W~illow Creek, Friendfield, and Natural Grove, to Lynch's Lake. From Jonesville, by AMeBrideville, Cedar Springs, and Cedar Springs Asylum, to Spartanburg Court-House. From Keowee to New Pickens Court-House. From Kingstree, b)y Lipage's, to Georgetown. From Kingstree, by Manning, to Packville. From Kingstree, to Potato Ferry. From Kingstree, by Sutton's and Lenude's Ferry, to Thirty-two Mile House. From Kin gsville, by Mlanchester, Sumterville, Marysville, Lynchburg, Timmonville, Florence, Gibson's Roads, Marion Court-House, Little Pee DIee River, Ploydsville, Fair Bluff, Cerro Gordo, Whitesville, and Robinson's, to Wilmington, in North Carolina. From Lancaster Court-House. by Flint Ridge, Hickory Head, Jefferson, and Mlount Crogan, to Chesterfield Court-House. From Lancaster Court-House, by Landsford, Wallace, Lewisville, and La Grange, to Chester Court-House. From Laurens Court-House, by'Monroe, Fountain Inn, and Plains, to Greenville Court-House. From. Laurens Court.House, Mount Gallagher, Brewton, Line Creek, Tumbling Shoals, Bluff Rabon, and Simpson's Mills, lo Laurens CourtHouse. From Laurens Court-House, by Tylersvillej Cross Anchor, Black Jaclk Valley, and Smith's Store, to Glenn Springs. F'rom Leesville, by Hollow Creek, Germanville, Mount Villing, Otak. 276 POST-ROADS. land, Perry's Cross-Roads, Coleman's Cross-Roads, Chappel's Bridge, and Vaughnsville, to Spring Grove. From Leesville, by Steedman's, Williamson's Mills, and Bull Swamp, to Orangeburgh Court-House. From Leesville to Troy Level. From Lexington to Pine Ridge. From Lexington, by Rocky Well, Calks Ferry, and Saluda Mills, to Prosperity. From Lexington Court-House, by Sawyer's Mills, and Bull Swamp, to Rastes. From Lexington to Williamson's Mills. From Little River, by Pineway Ferry, Iron Hill, and Cross.Roads, to Whitesville, in North Carolina. From Little River, by Shallotte, to Smithville, in North Carolina. From Longtown to Ridgeway. From Lotts to Graniteville. From Lynchburg, by Shiloh, Bethlehem, and New Zion, to Sandy Grove. From Lynch's Lake to Baker's. From Manchester to Fulton. From Manning, by Plowden's Mills, and Salem, to Bethlehem. From Marion Court-House, by Allen's Bridge, and Campbell's Bridge, to Little Rock. From Marion Court-House, by Britton's Neck, Centenary and Tabernacle, to Marion Court-House. From Marion Court-House, by Cat Fish, Gum Swamp, Reedy Creek, Little Rock, Selkirk, Brownsville, Parnassus, and Clio, to Bennettsville. From Martin's Depot, by Marengo, Milton, Spring Grove, Cross Hill, Mountsville, and North Creek, to Martin's Depot. From Mrs. Mason's, by Bethel, New Centre, and Bethany, to Antioch. From Millway, by Indian Mill, Sandover, and Wiedeman's, to Calhoun's Mills. From Monk's Corner, by Cordesville, Huger's Bridge, and Brick Church, to Cainhoy. From Monroe, in North Carolina, to Brewer Mine. From Natural Grove to Johnsonville. From Newberry Court-House, by Beth Eden, Whitmire's, Cold Well, Unionville, Fair Forest, Boygansville, Glenn Springs, Spartansburg, Damascus, and Island Ford, in North Carolina, to Rutherfordton. From Newberry Court-House, by Boulwareville, Bankwright7s Ferry, Perry's Cross-Roads, Oakland, Mount Willing, Smith, and Saluda, to Lott's. From Newberry Court-House, by Indian Creek, Reynosa, and Huntington, to Cross Anchor. From Newberry Court-House, by Mount Bethel, to Glymphville. From Newberry Court-House, by Pageville, Broadway, Martin's Depot, and Clinton, to Laurens Court-House. From Newberry Court-House, by Shop Springs, Higgins' Ferry, Coleman's Roads, Big Creek, Richardsonville, and Fruit Hill, to Edgefield Court-House. From Ninety-Six Depot, by Coopersville, and Grove Hill, to Richardsonville. From Orangeburg Court-House to Vance's Ferry. From Packsville, by Clarendon, to Brewington. From Pacolett Mills, by Duncan's Store, John Wilkin's, and Duncan's Old Store, to White Plains. From Panther Fork, by North Saluda, Tituroy, and South Saluda, to Pumpkintown. From Pendleton, to Clayton, in Georgia. From Pendleton, by Five Mile, to Pickens Court-House. From Pendleton, by Townville, Fair Play, Parker's Store, in Georgia, and Aquilla, to Carnesville, in Georgia. IN THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 277 From Pendleton, by Wayside, Walhalla, Tunnel Hill, and Wheatstone, to Clayton, in Georgia. From Pickens Court-Rouse, by Barton's, Table Rock, and South Saluda, to Greenville. From Pickens Court-House, by Bounty Land, Warsaw, Claremont, Bachelor's Retreat, Snow Creek, and Martin's Creekl, to Pickens CourtHouse. From Pickens Court-House, by Clayton's Mills, Pickensville, Dawesville, and Eastaloe, to Pickens Court-House. From Pickens Court-House, by Claytonls Mills, Salubrity, Pickensville, Wolf Creek, and Camp Ground, to Pickens Court-House. From Pickens Court-House, by Crow Creek, Anderson's Mills, TwelveMile, and Mix's, to Pickens Court-House. From Pickens Court-House, by Oconee Station, Cherokee, and Whetstone, to Pickens Court-House. From Pickens Court-House, by Walhalla, Colonel's Fork, Horse Shoe, Walton's Ford, in Georgia, Tocoa Falls, Clarkesville, Nacoochee, Mount Yonah, Pleasant Retreat, and Cavender's Creek, to Dahlonega, in Georgia. From Pickensville, by Fowler's Creek, Dacusville, Pumpkintown, Twelve Mile, Glassy Mountain, Wolffs Creek, and Branch Island, to Pickensville. From Pinckneyville, by Tomsville, and Sandersville, to Chester CourtHouse. From Pinckneyville, by Wartola, to Gowdeysville. From Pineville, by Murray's Ferry, Kingston, Camp Ridge, Lynch's Lake, Effingham, and Tan's Bay, to Darlington Court-House. From Pocotaligo, by Hickory Hill, to Whippy Swamp. From Richardsonville, by Dyson's Mills, to Lodi. From Riching's Mills, by Robert Garvin's,jr., and Neil Ablis', to Rish's Store. From Ridgeville, by Roadsville, Holly Hill, and Vance's Ferry, to Wright's Bluff. From Robertsville, by Sister's Ferry, to Guyton, in Georgia. From Rock-Hill to Lancaster Court-House. From Rocky Ridge, by Claytonsville, to Belton. From Saint George's to Waterboro. From Saint Matthew's to Poplar. From Sandy Grove, by Black River, to Kingstree. From Scuffletown, by Pleasant Mount, Young's Store, Centreville, Stonesville, Cashville, and, Poolsville, to Spartanburg Court-House. From Sheldon to Oak Point. From Sleepy Creek, by New Market, to Phoenix. From Spartanburg Court-House, by Boiling-Springs, White Store, Fingersville, Cross-Roads, and Poor's Ford, to Rutherfordton, in North Carolina. From Spartanburg Court-House, by Crawfordville, and Reidville, to Greenville Court House. From Spartanburgh Court-House, by Damascus, Coulter's Ford, and Buck's Creek, to Fingersville. From Spartanburg Court-House to Gowansville. From Spartanburgh Court-House, by MIount Zion, New Prospect, Cannon's Store, Earlesville, Horse Creek, in North Carolina, and Tryon, to Hendersonville, in North Carolina. From Spartanburgh Court-House, by Walnut Grove, Millville, Crowsville, WoodruffIs, Barleywood, Mountain Shoals, and Scuffletown, to Laurens Court-l-ouse. FromT Sumpterville, by Bradleyville, Black River, Salem Sandy Grove, Kingstree, and Indiantown, to Johnsonville. From Sumpterville, by Mechanicsville, and Millgrove, to Bishopville. From Sumpterville, by Plow don's Mills, Brewington, Clarendon, Wright's Bluff, Friendship, Packsville, and Privateer, to Sumpterville. 278 POST-ROADS. From Swift Creek to Hartsville. From Timmonsville, by Rollinsville, Philadelphia, Swift Creek, Gully, Andrew's Mills, and Sparrow Swamp, to Timmonsville. From Union Court-House, by Burnt Factory, to Woodruff. From Union Court-House to Spartan burg. From Unionville, by Bradley's Old Place, John MeKissick's, Skull Shoals, and Gowdeysville, to Wilkinsville. From Unionville, by Carmel Hill, and Baton Rouge, to Chester CourtHouse. From Unionville, by Jone-ville, Pea Ridge, Pacolett MIills, Timber Ridge, and Bowlingsville, to Limestone Springs. From Unionville, by Kelton, Mount Joy, and Skull Shoals, to Gowdysville. From Unionville, by. Meansville, Smith's Store, and Rogers Bridge, to Woodruff's. From Unionville, by Shady Grove, Roseborough, Liberty Hall, and Poplar Grove, to Newberry Court-House. From Walhalla, by ColonelFs Fork, Bachelor's Retreat, Orkney, Snow Creek, and ~Warsaw, to Walhalla. From Walhalla to Pendleton. From Walterboro to Blue House. From White Hall Ferry to Coffin Point, on the island of St. Helena. From Whippy Swamy to Allendale. From Williamson, by Newell's, Golden Springs, Douthet, Bushy Creek, Equality, Slabtown, Piercetown, and Silver Glade, to Willial.mston. From Willistown, by Davis' Mills, to Jordan's Mills. From Winnsboro, by Gladden's Grove, Rocky Mount, and Longstreet, to Lancaster Court-House. From Winnsboro, by Gladden's Grove, Rossville, Beckainsville, and Cedar Shoals, to Lewisville. From Winnsboro, by Jackson's Creek, Bell's Store, Bryer's Store, Buckhead, Feasterville, Htalsellville, Crosbyville, Fishdam, and Moulnt Tabor, to Pinckneyville. From Woodruff's, by Enoree, Clear Springs, and Gilder, to Greenville Court-House. From Yorkville, by Allison Creek, Zeno, South Point, in North Carolina, Woodlawn, Cottage HIomne, Chronicle, and Vesuvius Furnace, to Newton. From Yorkville, by Blairsville, Bullock's Creekl Pinckneyville, Mount Tabor, Unionville, Cedar Grove, and Cross Keys, to Cross Anchor. Froml Yorkville, by Hickory Grove, Harmony, Boydton, Cherokee Iron Works, Coopersvile raytoville, Draytonsville, Limestone Spri ngs, Clarksville, Cowpens, Arrow Wood, Fingersville, and Jackson Hill, to Earlesville. From Yorkville, by Clay Hill, Renalesburg, Rose HIill, and White Hall, to Charlotte. From Yorkville, by Hickory Grove, Harmony, Boydton, Cherokee Iron Works, Coopersville, Draytonsville, Limestone Springs, Thickety Ford, nMoultrie, and Hurricane, to Spartanburg Court Honse. From Yorkville, by Htickory Grove, Smith's Ford, Wilkinsville, Draytonsville, Limestone Springs, Grassy Pond, High Shoals, in North Carolina, Butler and Hicksville, to Rutherfordton, in North Carolina. From Yorkville to Lyon's Store, in North Carolina. From Yorkville, by Meek7s Hill, HIopewell, Gowdysville, Pacolett Mills, and Bivingsville, to Spartanbuirg Court-House. From Yorkville, by Tjrza, Ebenezerville, Rock Hill, Nation Ford, Coate's Tavern, Landsford, Longstreet, Dry Creek, Russell Place, Liberty Hill, and Red Hill, to Calmden. IN nHE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 279 IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. Tennessee. From Altomont to Tracy City. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Asheville, by West Fork of Ivy, Upper Laurel, and Indian 230, v. 10, pp. 469Creek, to Jonesboro. 3 March, 1855, c. From Athens, by Cantrell's Cross-Roads and Coghill, to Columbus s. 211 r, 1v.p, p.708. From Athens, to Hamilton Court-House, by Cowan's Ferry. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Athens, to Morgan Court-House, by Kingston. 168, v. 11, p. 135. From Athens, to Mount Vernon, by Hayne's Store. 3 March, 1857, c. 109, v. 11, p. 2d4. From Athens, by Servee, and Moore's Store, to Sulphur Springs. 1858, c. From Athens to Washington. 162, v. 11, pp. 359, From Bagdad to Carthage. 360. From Baker's Gap, by Butler, to Dugger's Ferry. 27 Fb., 18p1,c. i5 7, v. 12, pp. 164, From Ball Play to Glenn's on CaneCreek. 165. From Bartlett to Porterville. 2 March, 1867, c. From Battle Creek to Lebanon, in Alabama, by Rice's Ferry. 191, v. 14, p. 554. From Bean's Station to Mouth of Chuckly, by Morristown. 25 Jvuly, 1898, c. From Bean's Station, by Noe's Ferry, to Morristown. 3 March, 1869, c. From Bell's Station to Dyersburg. 131, v. 15, p. 332. From Benton, by Ocoa, Canassauga, Cohuttah Springs, in Georgia, 10 April, 1869, c. Rural Vale, and Fillmore, to Dalton. 30,5 Marchv. 16,p. 50. From Blountsville, by Gott's Cross-Roads, Campbell's Rest, James' 22, v. 16, pp. 74,75. Cross-Roads, Clear Creek, and Laurel Gap, to Bay Mount. 14 July, 1870, c. From Bolivar, by Audubon, and Nubbin Ridge, to Metamora. 273, v. 16, p. 289. From Bolivar, by Middleburg, New Castle, Somerville, Moscow, Oak- 028 Feb., 1871, c. 101, v. 16, p. 468. land, Hickory Withie, Sandy Springs, Ammonia, Colliersville, Morning 16 Jan., 1872, c. Sun, Greenbottom, Germantown, and Raleigh, to Memphis. 6, v. 17, p. 27. From Bolivar, by Whiteville, Fayette Corner, and Daneyville, to 14 May, 1872, c. 169, v. 17, p. 114. Wesley. 10 June, 1872, c. From Brentwood, by Millview, to -Harrison. 427, v. 17, pp. 386, From Brentwood, by Owen's Cross-R:oads, Rock Hill, and Patensville, 387. to Hurt's Cross-Roads. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bristol, by Taylorsville, and Sugar Grove, to Lenoir, inl North 255, v. 17, p. 596. Carolina. From Brownsville, by Carolina and Woodville, to Dry Hill. From Brownsville, to Covington, by Wesley. From Brownsville to Fulton. From Calhoun, by Pearce, and Goodfieldl, to Decatur. From Camden, by Chaseville, Etna, Eagle Creek, Morgan's Creek, and Cubb Creek, to Perryville. From Camden, by Paris, Mount Holyoke, Como, Irvine's Store, Dresden, Old Hickory, Totten's Wells, and Beulah, to Hickman, in IKentucky. From Campbell's to Mount Pleasant, by Blair's Ferry. From Campbell's Station to Louisville. From Carthage, by Montrose, Granville, Bagdad, and Flynn's Lick, to Gainesboro'. From Carthage, by Peyton's Creek, Pleasant Shade, Witcher's CrossRoads, and Red Boiling Springs, to Clementsville. From Centreville, by Beardstown Macedonia, and McCoy's, to Bull's Landiiig. From Centreville to Joy's Mills. From Centreville, by Madisonia, and LobelvifPe, to Britt Landing. From Centreville to Perryville. From Centreville, by Vernon, Charlotte, Barton's Creek, McAllister's Cross-Roads, Richardson's, and Pleasant Mound, to Clarksville. From Charleston, by Stoney Point, to Benton. From Charlotte, by Bellsburgh; Ryan's Store, and Josephine, to Springfield. From Chattanooga, by Harrison, and Georgetown, to Charleston. From Chattanooga, by Sparta, Gainesboro' ancl Tompkinsville, to Glasgow. 280 POST-ROADS. From Cheap Valley, by New London, to Conyersville. From Clarksville, to Cadiz, in Kentucky. From Clarksville, by Dailey7s, Palmyra, Yellow Creek Furnace, Sailor's Rest, Danielsville, and Whlite Oali, to Waverly. From Clarksville, by Fredonia, Thomasville, Josephine, and Sycamore Mills, to Ridge Post. From Clarksville, by Garrettsburg, Lafayette, and Roaring Spring, in Kentucky, to Cadiz, in Kentucky. From Clarksville, to Hopkinsville, in Kentucky. From Clarksville, by Little Grove, Indian Mouud, Cumberland Iron Works, Dover, Standing Rock, Mount of Sandy, and Ell Grove, to Paris. From Clarksville, by Providence, and Jordan's Spring, to Garrettsburg, in Kentucky. From Cleveland, by Benton, to Ducktown Copper Mines. From Cleveland, by Chatala, Benton, Pelton, Springtown, Towee Falls, Coker Creek, Turtle Town, in North Carolina, Laurel Valley, Persimmon Creek, and Nottla, to Mlurphy. From Cleveland, by Cohuttah Springs, in Georgia, and Mountain Town, to Ellijay. From Cleveland, by Limestone, and Mouth of Hiawassee, to Smith's Cross-Roads. From Clinton, by Beaver Ridge, and Ball Camp, to Campbell's Station. From Clinton, by Montgomery, and Jamestown, to Livingston. From Clinton, by Robertsville, Oliver's, and Crooked Fork, to Morgan Court-House. From Clinton, by Wallace's Cross-Roads, Loy's Cross-Roads, Lost Creek, Big Barren, and head of Barren, to Tazewell. From Columbia, by Bigbyville, Pleasant Grove, Mooresville, and Cornersville, to Fayettville. From Columbia, by Hart's Cross-Roads, and Murfreesboro', to Lebanon. From Columbia, by Hope Mill, to Williamsport. From Columbia, by McAllister's Cross-Roads and Dixon Court-House, to Clarkesville. From Columbia, by Perryville, and Lexington, to Jackson. From Columbia, by Pleasant Grove, Mooresville, and Berlin, to Lewisburg. From Columbia, by Poplar Ridge, Lynnville, Pulaski, Midbridge, Elkton, White Hill, and Madison's CGross-Roads, in Alabama, to Huntsville. From Columbia, by Shelbyville, Huntsville, in Alabama, and Pulaski, to Columbia. From Columbia to Waynesboro'. From Concord, by Lowe's Ferry, Louisville, and Marysville, to Mount Vale Springs. From Concord, by Scarborough Mills, to Robertsville. From Cross Plains, by Fountain Head, and Epperson Springs, to Lafayette. From Crossville, by Grassy Cove, and Cross Keys, to Ten Mile Stand. From Crossville, by Long View, and Coopersville, to Jamestown. From Crossville, by Orme's Store, and Nine Mile, to Pikeville. From Cunningham's, by Oregon, to George's Store. From Dandridge, to Bean's Station, by Iron Works of Mossy Creek, and Stiffey's Mill. From Dandridge, to Marysville, by Sevierville. From Dandridge to Morristown. From Decaturville, by Hermitage, and Swallow Bluff, to Lee's Bluff. From Decaturville to Perryville. From Denmark, by Copan, Brownsville, Durhamville, and Covington, to Randolph. From Double Springs, bry Equality, and N:etherland, to Crossville. From Dover, to Cadiz, in Kentucky, by Tobacco Port. From Dover, to Edcdyville, in Kentucky. From Dover to Erin. IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 281 From Dover, to Hopkinsville, in Kentucky. From Dover, by Kukman's Furnace, and Paris Landing, to Paris. From Dover, to Murray, in Kentucky. From Dover, to New Concord, in Kentucky. From Dover, to Pine Bluff, by Iron Mountain, and Great Western. From Dover to Strombold Furnace. From Dover to Tobacco Port. From Dresden, by Dedham, Mount Prospect, and Andalusia, to Yorkville. From Dresden, by Middleburg, and Mount Pelia, to Troy. From Dresden, by Palmeirs Store, and Elm Tree, to Boydsville. From Due West, by Level Land, to Temple of Health. From Dyersburg, to Booth's Point. From Dyersburg, by Chesnut Bluffs, to Brownsville. From Dyersburgh, byMiller's Chapel, Begg's Cotton Gin, Quincy, and Dr. Hick's, to Mason's Grove. From Dyersburg, by Miller's Chapel, Chesnut Bluffs, Lanefield, Cherryville, Cageville, Mason's Grove, and Poplar Corner, to Jackson. From Dyersburg, by Richwoods, to Dyersburg Landing. From Dyersburg, by Ro-Ellen, Pearce's, and Fisher's, to Trenton. From Dyersburg, by Wilkinsville, to Trenton. From Elizabethtown, to Abingdon, in Virginia, by Stony Creek, and Shady. From Elizabethtown, by Greenfield, Blountsville, and Arcadia, to Kingsport. From Elizabethtown, by Longmire, to Stockville, in North Carolina. From Elizabethtown, to Morgantown, in North Carolina. From Elizabethtown, by Peoplesville, and Swingleville, to Longmire. From Elizabethtown to Shady. From Ellijay, by Knob Creek, and Guist's Creek, to Sevierville. From Fayetteville, by Boon's Hill, and Gas Factory, to Cornersville. From Fayetteville, by Carmago, Molino, and Robinson's Store, to Pleasant Plains. From Fayetteville, by Cordova, to Branchville. From Fayetteville, to Harpeth, by New Hope, Farmington, Fishingford, Civil Order, and Gideonsville. From Fayetteville, by Kinderhook, George's Store, and Oregon, to Salem. From Fayetteville to Tullahoma. From Fayetteville to Upper Elkton, by Dyer's Store, Cold Water, and Hightower's Store. From Fayetteville, by Viney Grove, Cyruston, Millville, Bunker Hill, Bradshaw, and Lamartine, to Pulaski. From Fayetteville to Winchester. From Franklin, by Barren, to Charlotte. From Franklin, by Hurt's Cross-Roads, to Rally Hill. From Franklin, by Hlurt's Cross-Roads, Rally Hill, Hardison's Mills, Beard's Store, and Berlin, to Lewisburg. From Franklin, by Pinkney, and Bethesda, to Hurt's Cross-Roads. From Franklin, by West Harpeth, Hill's Valley, Leiper's Fork, Boston, Lick Creek, Totty's Bend, Centreville, Beaver Dam Springs, Pleasantville, Linden, Beardstown, and Wood's, to Perryville. From Freedom to Mill Creek. From Freedom to Washington College. From Gainesboro, by iNew Columbus, llelham, Livingston, Nettle C(arrier, and West Fork, to Jamestown. From Gainesboro, by New Columbus, Buck Point, Meigsville, Butler7s Landing, and Hamilton's Landing, to Celina. From Gainesboro, by Rocky Mount, H[ighland, Bagdad, and Pleasant Shade, to Dixon's Springs. From Gainesboro, by Whitleyville, Clementsville, Tompkinsville, in Kentucky, Mad Lick, and Skegg's Creek, to Glasgow. 282 POST-ROADS. From Gallatin, to Elkton, in Kentucky, by Cross Plains, Keysburg, and Allensville. From Gallatin to Murfireesboro', by Lebanon. From Gallatin, to Scottsville, in Kentucky, by Bledsoe's Creek. From Gallatin to Springfield, by Cross Plains. From Gorman's Depot, by Birdsville, and Richardsonl's Cove, to Honksville. From Gorman's Depot, by Newport, to Parrotsville. From Granville to Chesnut Mound. From Greenville, by Camp Creek, Horse Creek, and Broylesville, to Rheatown.. From Greenville to Caster's Station. From Greenville, by Limestone Springs, Paint Rock, Warm Springs, in North Carolina. Lapland, and French Broad, to Ashville. From Greenville, by Timber Rlidge, Little Chucky, Warrensburg, Chucky Bend, Snoddyville, and Leadvale, to Dandridge. From Hardinsville, to F'lorence, in Alabama. From Hardinsville, to Tipton Court-House, by MeNairy Court-House, and EHardeman Court-House. From Harrison to Chattanooga. Fromn Harrison, to Cottonport, by Blue Sprinlg. From Harrison, by Hinson's, to Pikeville. From Harrison, by WValden's Ridge, Ilinson's and Stephen's Chapel, to Fillmore. From Hermitage, by Swallow Bluff, to Savannah. From Hickman, by Wilsonville, Obion City, Robinson's Store, and Kelley's Store, to Dyersburg. From Hillsboro, by Prairie Plains, and Kenley's Store, to Decherd. From Humboldt to Brazil. From Hlluntingdon, by HEico, Caledonia, Fleming's, Christmasville, Pillowville, and Winston, to Dresden. From Hun tingdon, by McLemoresville, Shady Grove, Waterford, Trenton, Gibson's Wells, Quincy, Cageville, Cherryville, and Rusk, to Brownsville. From Huntingdon, by Paris, and Boydsville, to Mayfield,in Kentucky. From Huntingdon, by Roan's Creek, Red Mound, Lexington, Middle ILork, Jack's Creelk, and Anderson's Store, to Purdy. From Huntingdon, by Terry, South Carroll, Spring Creek, Jackson, lMedon, Van Buren, and William's Store, to La Grange. Fromn Jacksboro', by Ellk Gap, to Williamsburgh. l'rom Jacksboro', by Huntsville, to Jamestown. From Jacksboro', by Straight FPork, Buffalo Creek, Pouch Creek, and1 WVild Cat, in KZentuckly, to Whitley Court-House. From Jackson, by Andrew's Chapel, Denlmark, Blaclk Oalk Grove, Fayette Corner, Championville, Pierce, and Somerville, to Moscow. From Jackson, by Mifflin, Jack's Creekl, lMud Creek, and Coffee Landing, to Savannah. From Jackson, by Aount Pinson, Mifflin, and Nero, to Iexington. From Jackson, by Mount Pison, and Montezuma, to Purdy. From Jackson to Welliwood. From Jasper to Altamont. From Jasper, by Dadeville, Cheelsville, Looney's Creek, Coop's Creek, and Mount Airy, to Fill-more. From Jasper to ickojaclk. From Jonesboro', to Ashe Court-House, in North Carolina, by Elizaebethtown. From Jonesboro', to Asheville, in North Carolina, by the Walnnt Mountains. From Joxlesboro', to Boat Yard, by Embree's Iron V6rlks. From Jonesboro', by Buffalo Ridge, to Gott's Cross-Roads, From Jonesboro', to Charlotte, in North Carolina,. From J onesboro', by Cox's Store, to Longmire. IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 283 Fli'rom Jonesboro', to Newport, by Broyle's, and Camp Creek Iron Works. From Jonesboro', by Wautaga Bend, Rocky Mount, Greenfield, ~White Top, and Paperville, to Abingdon, inVirginila. From Jbonesboro' to Horse Creek Camp Ground. From Jonesboro' to Marion, in North Carolina. From Johnson City, to nMarion, in North Carolina. From Kenton, by Mason Hall, to Davenport. From Kingston, by Barnardsville, Ten Mile Stand, Sewee, Decatur, Goodfield, Pine Land, Kincannon's Ferry, Limestone, Long Savannah, and Snow Hill, to Harrison. From Kingsport, by Clover Bottom, James' Cross-Roads, and Locust IMount, to Jonesboro'. From Kingston, by Emory Iron Works, Morgan Court-House, and Boiling Spring, to Jamestown. Froml Kingston, by Gray's Hill, and Wood's Hill, to Campbell's Station. From Kingston, by Tabor, and Erie, to Athens..From Kingston by Welcher's 3Mills, to Robertsville. From Kingston, by Wrightsville, Philadelphia, Rockville, Hiawassee College, Madisonville, and Mount Vernon, to Tellico Plains. From Knoxville, by Academia, Blain's Cross-Roads, Spring House, Rutledge, Bean's Station, Bocky Spring, Red Bridge, Marble Hall. lRogersville, Yellow Store, Lyon's Store, New Canton, Kingsport, and Eden's Ridge, to Blountsville. From Knoxville, by Beaver Ridge, Del Rey, Robertsville, Oliver's, Crooked Fork, Morgan Court-House, Sagefield, and Glades, to Jamestown. From Knoxville, by Campbell's Station, and Lenoir, to Loudon. From Knoxville, by Church Grove, WVoodbourne, Bull Run, Haynes, and Head of Barren, to Tazewell. From Knoxville, to Danville, in Kentucky. From Knoxville, by Gap Creek, Trundle's Cross-Roads, Boyd's Creek, Hfenry's Cross-RIoads, Cannon's Store, Sevier Court-House, and Fair Garden, to Wilsonville. Froml Knoxville, by Lowe's Ferry, Unitia, Cloyd's Creek, and Morgantown, to Madisonville. From Knoxville, by Lyon's Store, Calloway's, and Gallagher's, to Kin ston. From Knoxville, by Marysville, Four Mile Branch, and Madisonville, to Athens. From Knoxville, by Marysville, and Montvale Springs, to Anderson Court HIIouse, in South Carolina. Froml Knoxville, by Mechlenburg, Flint Gap, Tuckahoe, Greenvale, )andridge, Oak Grove, Wilsonville, Newport, Parrottsville, and Cedar Creek, to Limestone Springs. From Knoxville, by Moore's Rest, Vandegriff's, and Racoon Valley, to Maynardville. From Knoxville, by Strawberry Plains, New Market, Mossy Creek, Palantller Springs, Morristoxn, Russellville, Bay Mount, Gustavus, Greenville, 1Hendersonls Mills, Rheatown, Leesburg, Jonesboro', Boon's Creek, and Hilton, to Blountsville. From Knoxville to Wallace's Cross-Roads. From Knoxville, by Wilson's, Clinton, Ross, Jacksboro', Speedwell, Pleasant, and Old Town, to Cumberland Gap, in Kentucky. From Lacy's Depot, by Elizabethton, and Taylorsville, to Jefferson, in North Carolina. From La Fayette, by Brook's Tan Yard, Witcher's Cross-Roads, and North Spring, to Whitleyville. Frola F, ayette, by Goose GreekL, and Alton HTill, to Rock House. From La, Layette, bTy Mea.dowville, to EHartsville. 284 POST-ROADS. From La Fayette, by Red Boiling Springs, Clementsville, and Lodi, to Celina. From La Grange, by Moscow, Colliersville, Germantown, and High Hill, to Memphis. From La Grange, by Wolf River, and Mount Comfort, to Somerville. From Lawrenceburg, by Newburg, to Centreville. From Lawrenceburg to Waynesboro'. From Lebanon, by Gordonsville, and Trousdale's Ferry, to Cookville. From Lebanon, by Mount Carmel, Ward's Cross-Roads, Cainesville, Milton, and Las Casas, to Murfreesboro. From Lebanon, by Carthage, Livingston, Monroe, Albany, in Kentucky, Monticello, and Somerset, to Sanford. From Lebanon, by Shop Springs, Cherry Valley, Three Forks, Alexandria, Liberty, Smithville, Sligo, Cassville, Sparta, Bon Air Springs, Claysville, Crossville, Belleville, Post Oak Springs, Kingston, and Hough's Ferry, to Loudon. From Lebanon, by Spring, and Rome, to Carthage. From Lexington to Carrollville. From Lexington, by Cub Creek Springs, to Perryville. From Lexington, by Lessenberry's, Spain's, South Carroll, Lavinia, Hope Hill, and Bluff Springs, to Trenton. From Lexington, by Mifflin, to Jackson. From Linden to Waynesboro'. From Livingston, by Sweet Gum Plains, Ward, and Fox Springs, to Celina. From Loudon, by Philadelphia, Sweet Water, Facility, Athens, Ricetille, Charleston, Cleveland, Red Clay, in Georgia, and Hill, to Dalton. From Loudon, by Unitia, and Louisville, to Marysville. From Lynchburg, by Jacob Awal's, to Winchester Springs. From Lynchburg, by Gill's Store, Flack's, and Petersburg, to Cornersville. From Lynchburg, by Tucker's, Arnold's Store, Shelton's Creek, and Hamiltons, to New Market, in Alabama. From McMinnville, in Tennessee, to Danville, in Kentucky, by Sparta, Cookville, Livingston, and Danville. From McMinnville, by Irving College, and Altamont, to Pelham. From McMinnville, by Myre's, and Sergeant's, to Pikeville. Frytn Macon, by Oakland, and Hickoryville, to Wythe Depot. From Madisonville to Sweet Water. From Majchester, by Beech Grove, Walker's Mills, and Fairfield, to War Trace Depot. From Manchester, by Hillsboro', and Hindman's Hill, to Pelham. From Manchester, by Spring Creek, and Pettysville, to Winchester. From Marshall's Ferry to Hay's Ferry. From Maryville, by Chilhowee, Citico, Ball Play, Belltown, Tellico Plains, Jalapa, and Columbus, to Benton. From Maryville, by Clover Hill, Cloyd's Creek, Unitia, Morgantown, Rockville, and Midway, to Athens. From Maryville, by Vance Walker's, to Tuckaleechee Cove. From Maynardville, by Lost Creek, to Speedwell. From Maynardville to Loy's Cross-Roads. From Memphis, by Cuba, and Mount Zion, to Portersville. From Mitchellsville to Springfield. From Money Creek to Mount Horeb. From Morgan Court-House to Huntsville. From Morgantown, to Carnesville, in Georgia, by Russell's Ferry, Chota, Tellico Plains, Beaver Dam, and Griffiu's. From Morgantown, to Ross's, byTMonroe' (ourt-HEfouseMount;Pleasant, and Calhoun. From Morristown to Dandridge. From Morristown to Lick (Creek. IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 285 From Mossy Creek, by Leadvale and Parrotsville, to Warm Springs, in North Carolina. From Mossy Creek to Rutledge. From Mount Horeb to Hlay's Ferry. From Mount Horeb to Mossy Creek. From Mount Pleasant, by Hampshire, Isom's Store, and Duck River, to Centreville. From Mount Pleasant, by Laughing Water, to Ashland. From Mount Pleasant, by Newburg, to Palestine. From Mount Pleasant, to Waynesboro', by Napier, Catron's Iron Works, Buckner, and Dixon's Store. From Mount Vernon, by Lee's Store, Jalappa, and Kimbrough's, to Springtown. From Murfreesboro', by Anthony's Store, and lardeman's Cross-Roads, to Franklin. From Murfreesboro, by Henderson's, Taliaferro's Store, Beech Grove, Stone Fort. Hillsboro, Pleasant Plains, and Caldwell's Bridge, to Jasper. From Murfreesboro', by Las Casas, Milton, and Auburn, to Liberty. From Murfreesboro', by Lebanon, to Gallatin. From Mulberry Gap, by Lone Branch, to Hunter's Gap, in Virginia. From Murfreesboro', by Salem Cross-Roads, to Wilkinson's CrossRoads. From Nashville, by Anandale, Mayfield, and Wilson's Cross-Roads, to Arrington. From Nashville, by Chestnut Grove, Charlotte, Williamsville, Waverly, Camden, and Sandy Ridge, to Huntingdon. From Nashville, by Good Spring, Franklin, White House, Spring Heill, Columbia, Ashwood, Mount Pleasant, Cass, Lawrenceburg, Green Hill, in Alabama, Lauderdale Factory, and Florence, to Tuscumbia. From Nashville, by Good Spring, Franklin, White House, Spring Hill, Columbia, Ashwood, Mount Pleasant, Henryville, and Palo Alto, to Waynesboro'. From Nashville, by La Vergne, Smyrna, Cherry Flat, Murfreesboro', Jordan's Valley, Fosterville, War Trace Depot, Tullahoma, Alisonia, Stevenson, and Jonesville, to Chattanooga. Fromn Nashville, by McWhirtersville, Green Hill, Silver Springs, and Cole's Ferry, to Lebanon. From ashville, by Madison, Tyree Springs, Mulloy's, Mitchellsville, Franklin, in KenDtucky, and Woodburn, to Bowling Green. From Nashville, by Nolensville, Triune, Jordan's Store, Eagleville, Versailles, Rover, Unionville, and McGowansville, to Shelbyville. From Nashville, by Pleasant Retreat, Hendersonville, Saundersville, Gallatin, Greenwood, Hanna's, Bock House, in Kentucky, Scottsville, Cedar Spring, and Pageville, to Glasgow. From Nash ville, by Ridge Post, Cooperstown, Turnersville, Port Royal, Clarksville, New Providence, Ringgold, Oak Grove, in Kentucky, and Long View, to Hopkinsville. From Nashville, by Saddle Tree, to Lieber's Fork. From Nashville, by Springfield, and Adairsville, in Kentucky, to Russellville. From Nashville, by Stuart's Ferry, Rural Hill, Huddleston's CrossRoads, Cainsville, and Statesville, to Liberty. From Nashville, by Tank, South Harpeth, Barren, Bon Aqua, and Vernon, to Centreville. From Norristown to Bean's Station. From New Canton to James' Cross-Roads. From Newport, by McNabb's, Corley's Creek, Shoult's, and Jones? Cove, to Sevierville. From Newport, by mouth of Nolachucky, Mossy Creek, and Austin's Ferry, to Rutledge. From Newport, by mouth of Nolachucky, McFarland's, and Morristown, to Bean's Station. 286 POST-ROADS. From Newport, by Parrottsville, and Woodl's Ferry, to Greenville. From Orme's Store to Washington. From Paris, by Benton Court-House, and Morgans Creek, to Perryville. From Paris, by Caledonia, Fleming's, Christmansville, and Shady Grove, to South Gibson. From Paris to Elm Tree. Froml Paris, by Mansfield, and Marlborough l to Huntingd1on. From Paris, b)y Mills' Point, in Kentucky, to Hickman. From Paris, by Point Mason, to Charlotte. From Paris, by Point Mason, to Humlphrey Court -House. From Paris, by Sherwood, Barren Hill, Boydsville, Dukedom, Feliciana, in KIentucky, Wesley, and Clinton, to Columbus. From Petersburg. by Catalpa Grove, Spring Place, New Hope, Belfast, Lewisburg, Farmington, Caney Spring, Chapel Iill, and Rigg's Cross-Roads, to Jordan's Store. From Pikeville, by Blythe's Ferry, to MeNair's. From Pikeville, to J-asper, by the east side of Sequatehie River. From Pikeville, to Oat's Landing, by Loyd's, Thomas' Cross-Roads, Hanson's, Kirkland's, Hilliard's, and Sheltons. From Pikeville, by Pink Ridge and Myresville, to McMinnville. From Pikeville, by Smith's Cross-Roads, Washington, Kelley's Ferry, and Decatur, to Athens. From Post Oak Springs, by Eagle Furnace and Sulphur Springs, to Washington. From Post Oak Springs to Yellow Springs. From Pulaski, by Fayetteville, and Tullahomna, to McMiunville. From Pulaski, by Shoal Spring, Sugar Creek, and Lexington, in Alabalna, to Ingraham's Cross Roads. From Pulaski, by Vale Mills, Bodenham, and Lawrenceburg, to West Point. From Purdy, by Morse Creek, Jones's Mills, Metamora, Jonesboro', in Mississippi, and Ruclkersville, to Ridley. From Purdy, by Stantonville, Hanmburg, Red Sulphur Sprinls, Eastport, in Mississippi, Waterloo, in Alabama, Gravelly Spring, Oa(kland, and Florence, to Tuscumbia. From Raleigh, by Big Creek, to Randolph. From Raleigh, by Rosstown, Portersville, Bloomington, Covington, Walnut Post, Ripley, Dry Hill, Cottage Hill, and Double BRidges, to Dyersburg. From Raleigh, by Sulphur Well, Looslahatchee, Concordia, Sharon, and Wesley, to Brownsville. From Readyville to Bradyville. From Richland Station to Lafayette. From Rock Island, by John L. Gressom's Store, and Thomas Fancher's Mills, to Cokeville. From Rogersville, by Anderson's Cross-Roads, War G.ap, Kyle's Fordl, and Whitesburg, in Virginia, to Jonesville. From Rogersville, by Big Creek, Deep Springs, Hate's Mill, and Cedar Hill, to Holston Springs. From Rogersville, by Lee Valley, Sneedsville, Mulberry Gap, and Yellow Springs, to Tazewell. From Rogersville, by Mill Bend, Van Hill, Laurel Gap, Newrmansville, and Graysburg, to Rheatown. From Rogersville, by Saint Clair, to Russellville. From Russellville to Sneedsville. From Russellville, by Spring Vale and Warrensburg, to Caney Branch. From Rutledge, by Tampico, Mill Spring, ancl New Market, to Dadridge. lFrom the mouth of Sandy, by Buchanan, to Conyersville. From Sevier Court-House, by Pigeon Forge, Ocona Luft,yj Qualia IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 287 town, Big Spring, Scott's Creek, East Laporte, and Cat Valley, to Pickens Court-House, in South Carolina. From Sevier Court-House, by Waldeu's Creek, Weare's Cove, Tuckaleechee Cove, and Cade's Cove, to Chilhowee. From Sevierville to Strawberrv Plains. From Shaw's Cross-Roads to Butler. From Shaw's Cross-Roads, to the Mouth of Elk, in ~North Carolina. From Sharp's Chapel to Wallace's Cross-Roads. From Shelbyville, by Flat Creek, Lynchburg, and Mulberry, to Fayetteville. From Shelbyville, by Pulaski, and Lawrenceburg, to Waynesburg. From Shelbyville, by Richmond, Belfast, Lewisburg, Cochransville, Cornersville, and Richland, to Pulaski. From Shelbyville, by Richmond, Petersburg, and Cane Creek to Fayettville. From Shelbyville, by Rich Valley, Chestnut Ridge, Norris Creek, Fayetteville, Goshen, and Meridianville, in Alabama, to Huntsville. From Shelbyville to Rowesville. From Shelbyville to War Trace Depot. From Silvertop, by Darnell's Landing, to Compromise. From Smithville, Crossing Caney Fork at mouth of Holmes' Creek, to Pekin. From Smithville, by Laurel Hill, Buffalo Valley, and Mine Lickl to Cookeville. From Smithville, by Mechanicsville, to Woodbury. From Smithville, by Mountain Creek, McMinnville, and Rocky River, to Spencer. From Sneedsville to Pattonsville. From Somerville, by Dancyville, to Brownsville. From Somerville, by Laurel, Belmont, Sharol, and Gum Hill, to Covington. From Somerville, by Whiteville, and Cloverport, to Medon. From Pulaski to Campbellsville. From Sparta, up the Calf Killer, by John. I. Carmichael's, and James Bohanan's, to Walnut Grove. From Sparta, by Cave Rock Island, McMinnville, Rough and Ready, Hickory Creek, Hillsboro', and Elk River, to Decherd. From Sparta, by Falling Water, White Plains, Oak Hill, Netherlaund, Livingston, 3lMonroe, Olympus, and Hale's MIills, to Albany, in Kentucky. From Sparta, by Green Tree, Solon, and Bee Creek, to Nine MIile. From Sparta, by Newark, Double Springs, Byrne, Pekin, Convenient, Carthage, Dixon's Springs, Hartsville, Enon College, and Castalian Springs, to Gallatin. From Sparta, by Spencer. Pikeville, Robertson's Cross-Roads, Old Madison, Fillmore, Walden's Ridge, Soddy, and Merry Oaks, to Chattairooga. From Sparta, by White's Salines, Cumberland Institute, and Dry Valley, to Walnut Grove. From Sparta to Woodbury. From Speedwell, by Clearforkl, to Boston, in Kentucky. From Spring Creek, by Lecompton, and Juno, to Crucifer. From Springfield, by Clark's Mills, and Cross Mills, to HaUydensville, in Kentucky. From Springfield, by Port RLoyal, Clarksville., Palmyra, and Stewart Court-House, to Eddyville, in Kentucky. From Spring Hill, by Vastal's Tan-Yard, and Santa F', to Williamsport. From Straight Fork to Snyder's. From Surgoinsville to Pattonsville. From Surgoinsville to Spear's. From Sycamore, by Elisha Clark's, and Brewer's, to Sneedsville. 288 POST-ROADS. From Sylco, to Spring Plum, in Georgia. From Talbott's Mills, by Homer's Mills, Easby's Ferry, and Brook's Store, to Rutledge. From Taylorsville, by Baker's Gap, Caster's Iron Works, and Sweet Water, in North Carolina, to Sugar Grove. From Taylorsville, by Laurel Fork, and Sharp's Cross-Roads, to Abingdon, in Virginia. From Taylorsville, by Shady, Holston Valley, and Paperville, to Sapling Grove, in Virginia. From Taylorsville, by Stony Creek, to Elizabethtown. From Taylorsville, by Taylorville, in North Carolina, Roane's Creek, Dougherty's, Baker's Gap, and Shady, to Mast's. From Tazewell, by Isaac Buchanan's, and Caven Robinson's, to Jonesville, in Virginia. From Tellico Plains, by Coker Creek, Beaver Mills, Murphy, in North Carolina, Peach Tree, Hiawassee, Shady Grove, in Georgia, and INacochee, to Clarksville. From Three Forks, by Commerce, Clinton College, and Gordonsville, to Carthage. From Tobacco Port, by Hope, and Spottswood Wilkinson's, to Pine Bluff, in Kentucky. From Trenton, by Antioch, Locust Grove, and Winston, to Dresden. From Trenton, by Brazil, to Eaton. From Trenton, by Eaton, and Friendship, to Dyersburg. From Trenton, by Eaton, Friendship, Chesnut Bluff, Leasville, Woodville, Ripley Court-House, and Cane Bottom, to Fulton. From Troy, by Millenville, to Tiptonville. From Troy, by Red Foot, and Silver Top, to Compromise, in Kentucky. From Trenton, by Shiloh, and South Gibson, to Jackson. From Trenton, by Yorkville, Chester, Mason Hall, Troy, and Fremont, to Hickman, in Kentucky. From Trezevant, by McLemoresville, to Terry. From Trundle's Cross-Roads, by Ellijay, to Maryville. From Union Depot, by Blountsville, to Ellisville. From Union Depot to White's Store. From Vernon, by Dunnington, to Buffalo. From Walnut Valley to Fillmore. From Ward's Iron Works, by White Top, to Hilton, in North Carolina. From Washington to Orme's Store. From Washington, by Smith's Cross-Roads, and Sail Creek, to Soddy. From Waverly, by Buffalo, and McCageville, to Linden. From W.averly, by Rockport, Chaseville, and Farmville, to Lexington. From Waverly, -by Magnolia, to Dover. From Waynesboro', by Ashland, to Linden. From Waynesboro' to Boyd's Landing. From Waynesboro' by Carrollville, to Patrick. From Waynesboro', by Clifton, Hermitage, Decaturville, Lexington, Juno, and Cotton Grove, to Jackson. From Waynesboro', by Copeland, Martin's Mills, Giles Mills, and Lowryville, to Hamburg. From Waynesboro', by Factor's Fork, West Point, Wayland Springs, Florence, in Alabama, Westmoreland, Cypress Inn, and Victory, to Waynesboro'. From Waynesboro', by Houston, Pleasant Valley, and Lowryville, to Eagle Mills. From Waynesboro', by Smith's Fork, and Hamburgh, to Corinth, in Mississippi. From Waynesboro', by Sorby, Smith's Fork, Engleside, Savannah, Adamsville, Purdy, Rose Creek, Cranesville, Bolivar, Van Buren, and William's Store, to La Grange. From Waynesboro', by Whitaker's Bluff, to Linden. From Winchester, by Hawkersville, and Cumberland, to Pelham. IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. 289 From Withe Depot, by Hickory Withe, to Oakland. From Woodbourne, by Academia, to Strawberry Plains. From Woodbourne, by Cedar Fordc Powder Spring Gap, Red Hill, and Clear Spring, to Thorn Hill. From Woodibourne, by Racoon Valley, Loy's Cross-Roads, and Grantsboro', to Jaclksborol. From Woodbourne, by Vandegriff's, and Moore's Rest, to Clinton. From Wood's, by Brodie's Landing, Farmville, Poplar Spring, and Pleasant Exchange, to Red Mound. IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. Texas. From Alexandria to San Augustine. 3 Aug., 1854, c. Fromn' Alton, by Dalette, Ranch, Ashland. and Cream Level, to 230, v. 10, pp. 458Weatherford. 463. From Alton to Gainesville. 5 An1g., 1854, c. From Alton, by 5M:ud Springs, to Birdville. 3 March, 1855, c. From Alto to county-site of Angelina County, or Jonesville. 211, v. 10, p. 712. From Alto, by Rusk, Jacksonville, and Larissa, to Tyler. 18 Allg., 1856, c. From Alto to Sumpter.. 11, pp. 136, 137. From Alto Springs, by Marlin, to Belton. 3 March, 1857, c. From Anahuac, by Sour Lake, to Woodville. 109, v. 11, p. 236. From Anderson, by Bedi, El wlood, Mitchell's, Leona, and Hall's Bluff, 1624 June 1858, c. to Crockett. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Andersonl to Boonville. 57, v. 12, p. 105. From Anderson, by Kellum's, Sulphur Springs, Lee's, Vassbuiders, 14 July, 1870, c. Wilson's Store, and Henson's, to Fairfield. 273,v. 16, p. 290. From Anderson, by Sulphur Springs, and Plaster's, to Mit1hell. 1016, p. 468. Fromn Anderson, by White Sulphur Springs, Chaney's, MeMahon's, 14 May, 1872, c. Rogers' Furnace, Birch Creek, Stewart's, and H-lenson's, to Springfield. 159, v. 17, pp. 113, From Arkansas City to Clarksburg. 114. From Aransas, by Lamar, and Copano, to Refugio. 427,v. 17 p. 386. -From Athens, by Bethel, Troy, Keechil, and Centreville, to Leona. 3 March, 1873, c. From Austin, by Blanco, to Fredericksburg. 255, v. 17, pp. 596, From Austin, by Bluff Spring, Lockhart, Plum Creek. Gonzales, 5 China Grove, Mount Petrea, Concrete, and Cuero, to Victoria. From Austin, by Burleson, to Gatesville. From Austin, up the west bank of the Colorado, to Burns' Ford., from thence by Mormon Mills to Hamilton. From Austin to Gatesville. From Austin, by Florence, and Gatesville, to Waco. From Austin to Fredericksburg. From Austin, by Gatesville, Meridian, and Wardville, to Dallas. From Austin, by Georgetown, Belton, Waco Village, Springfield, Fairfield, and Palestine, to Rusk. From Austin, by Gilleland Creek, Blue Hills, San Gabriel, and San Anders, to Cameron. From Austin, by Kapp's Mills, Cannonville, Pittsburg, Middleton, and Curiate, to Sisterdale. Fromrn Austin, by Merrilltown, Bushy Creek, Georgetown, Salado, Bellon. and Howard, to Waco Village. From Austin to Fort Concho. From Austin to San Elizario. From Austin, by San Marco, Bonite, New Braunfels, Valley, and Cibolo, to San Antonio. From Austin, by Young's Settlement, Lexington, and Prospect, to Caldwell. From Bastrop, by Cedar Creek, Lockhart, and Prairie Lea, to Seguin. From Bastrop, by THopkinsville, and other intermediate points, at the discretiorn of the Postmaster-General, to Gonzales. From Bastrop to lied Hock. From Basin Springs to Sherman. From Beaumont to Liberty. R s IIi-19 290 POST-ROADS. From Beaumont, by Ward's, and Caney Head, to Town Bluff. From Beaumont, by Weiss Bluff, and Madison, to Ballew's Ferry. From Beeville, by Helena, and Lodi, to San Antonio. From Belton to Lampasas. iFrom Benham, by Gay Hill, and Caldwell, to Cameron. From Betten to Gatesville. From Big Creek, by Oyster Creek, to Liverpool. From Birdville, by Ashland, and Walnut Creek Village, to Fort Belknap. From Blanco City to Gonzales. From Bonhaml by.Flag Spring, Ladonia, and Heart's Mills, to Sulphur Springs. From Bonham to Greenville. From Bonham, by Kentucky Town, and Pilot Grove, to McKinney. From Bonham, by Pilot Grove, Highland, MeKinney, Spring Creelk, Cedar Springs, and.Plano, to Dallas. From Bonhamn, by Warren, Sherman, Indian Grove, Roseland, Little Elm, Alton, and Farmer's Branch, to Dallas. From Boston, by Forest Home, and Linden, to Jefferson. From Bremond to Fort Worth. ]From Brenham to Columbus. From Brenham to Georgetog.n. From Brenbam, by Long Point, and Cameron, to Caldwell. From Brenham, by Long Point, John Dodd's, Doctor Holliday's, Lexington, and A. Lawrence's, to Georgetown. From Brenham, by Oak Grove, Stony Point, Alexander, and Youlng's Prairie, to Austin. From Brownsville, by Edinburgh, Rio Grande City, and Rome, to Laredo. From Brownsville, by Fort Mterrill, and San Antonio, to Austin. From Brownsville, by Point Isabel, to Brazos Santiago. From Brownwood, by Lampasas Springs, to Austin City. From Bryan, by Wheelock, to Madisonville, Lookout, Leona, and Centerville. From Buchanan, by Monmouth Springs, and Alvarado, to Waxahatchie. From Buena Vista, by Caledonia, to Mount Enterprise. From Buffalo, to Leona, by Bethel, Troy, and Centreville. From Buffalo, by Waxahatchie, to Birdville. From Bunker Hill, by Jamestown, to Gum Spring. From Burkeville to Alexandria. From Burkeville to Sabine Town. From Burkeville to San Augustine. From Burnett to Austin. From Burnett, by Bluffton, Llano Town, and German Settlement, to Fort Mason. From Burnett to Fredericksburg. From Caldwell to Cameron. From Camden, by Belleview, and Belton, to Tyler. From Cameron to Belton. From Cameron to Giddings. From Cameron, by Waco, to Waxahatchie. From Canton to Athens. From Carissa to Athens. From Carsetta, to {Mansfield, in Louisiana. From Carthage to Mooring's Port, in Louisiana. From Catspring to Columbus. From Cedar City, by Harmon's, and Pine Valley, to Santa Clara. From Centreville, by Cotton Gin, to Corsicana. From Centreville, by Hall's Bluff, to Crockett. From Centreville to MIagnolia. From Chaffeville, by Lalfby ette, and Bacon's Store, to Quitmuan. IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. 291 From Clarksville, by Blossom Prairie, Paris, Honey Grove, and Lick, to Bonham. From Clarksville to Jefferson. From Clarksville, by Maple Sjprings, Sulphur Bluff, and Pleasant Hill, to Tarrant. From Clarksville, by mouth of Mile Creek, and Rocky Comfort, in Arkansas, to Paraclifta. From Clarksville, by Monterey, Pine Bluff, and Kiamitia, to Doaksrille, in Arkansas. From Clarksville, by Mount Pleasant, Gilmer, Henderson, Rusk, Crockett, Cincinnati, Huntsville, MontgomeryT, and Houston, to Gal. veston. Fromn Clarksville, by Mount Pleasant, to Tyler. From Clarksville, by Savannah, De Kalb, Boston, Moore's, and Rondo, in Arkansas, to Fulton. From Clarksville, by Wood, and Van Zant, to Athens. From Cleburne, to George's Creek. From Coffeeville to Hopewell. From Coffeeville, by Lafayette, Bacon7s Store, and Hooker's, to Quitman.:From Coffeeville to Marshall. From Columbus, by Frelsburg, Industry, and Shelby, to Round Top. From Columbus, by Gonzales; to San Antonio. Fromr Columbus to George Waldman's. From Cooper, by Pecan Branch, and Commerce, to Greenville. From Copano to Refugio. From Cora to Comanche. From Corpus Christi to Brownsville. From Corpus Christi, by Lamar, Copano, and Aransas Pass, to Passo Cavallo. From Corpus Christi to Laredo. From Corpus Christi to Rio Grande City. From Crockett, by Alabama, Leona, Wheelock, Port Sullivan, and Cameron, to Belfton. From Crockett to Button. From Crockett, by Colita, to Livingston. From Crockett, by Navarro, to Keechil. From Crockett, by Palestine, and Athens, to Kaufman. From Crockett, by Randolph, Colthorp's, and Fisher's, to Nacogdoches. From Crockett, by San Pedro, Ionia, and Elkhart, to Palestine. From Crockett, by Stell's Landing, to Centreville. From Cunningham, by Leesburgh, to Lexington. From Daingerfield, by MIount Pleasant, and Union Bridge, to Clarks. ville. From Daingerfield, by Unionville, to Boston. From Dallas, by Birdville, and Weatherford, to Fort Belknap. From Dallas to Decatur. From Dallas, by Eagleford, Grapevine, and Prairie Point, to Decatur. From Dallas to Johnson's Station. From Dallas, by Pleasant Run, Red Oak, Taxahatchie, Chamber's Creek, White Rock, and Bould Springs, to Waco Village. From Decatur to Montague. From Del Rio to Fort Clark. From Double Horn to Mason. From El Paso to San Diego, in California. From Eutaw, by Alto Springs, to Springfield. From Fort Belknap to Preston. From Fort Davis to Presidio del Norte. From Fort Sullivan, by Cameron, to Belton. From Fredericksburg to Austin. From Frontera, to San Francisco, ill Califorhia. 292 POST-ROADS. From Gainesville, by Alton, and Wasahatchie., to Corunna. From Gainesville to Decatur. From Gainesville, by Pilot Point, to IMcKinney., From Gainesville, by Montague, and H-lenrietta, to Fort Belknap. From Galveston, by Anahuac, John's, Liberty, Grand Cane, and Smithfield, to Swartwout. From Galveston, by Galveston Bay, and Black Hill, to Liberty. From Galveston, by Lynchburg, and Harrisburg, to Houston. From Galveston to New Orleans, in Louisiana. From Galveston, by Richmond, to La Grange. From Galveston to. Sabine City. From Galveston, Saluria, and Indianola, to Port Lavaca. From Galveston, by San Louis, and Quintana, to Matagorda. Fromt Galveston, by Seven Oaks, Liverpool, Columbia, Hinds, Brazoria, Cedar Lake, and Caney, to Matagorda. From Gatesville to Lampasas. From Georgetown, by Gabriel Knob, to Hamilton.;From Giddings to Lexington. From Giddings to Winchester. From.Gilmer, by Holly Springs, Quitman, Retina, Davis' Mills, and Shiloh, to Greenville. From Gillhner, by Hopewell, to Mount Pleasant. From Gilmer, by Quitman, to Kaufman. From Gilmer, by Ried Rock, to Gum Springs. From Gilmer. by Sulphur Springs, to Bright Star. From Greenville, by Humboldt, Ashland, and Pecan, to Cooper. From Greenvi'le to Kaufman. From Greenville, by McKnights, Modern Times, Coleman's Mills, and MeKinney, to Dalton's. From. Greenwood, in Louisiana, by Bethany, Elysian Fields, Kinlock, Grand Bluftf, Carthage, Peed's Settlement, Fair Play, Pine EHills, and Murvall, to Mount Enterprise. From Goliad to Cibolo Springs. From Goliad, by Myersville, Clinton, Cuero, and Mustang, to Hallettsville. From Gonzales, by China Grove, Sweet Home, Petersburg, Columbus, and San Bernardcl, to Richmond. From Gonzales, by Live Oak, to Goliad. From Gonzales, by Zoar, Sulphur Springs, and Black Jack Springs, to La Grange. From Guml Spring by Mount Carmel, Garden Valley, and Canton, to Kaufman. From Hallsville, by Flannigan's Mills, Harmony Hill, and Beckville, to Carthage. From Hamilton, by William P. Palley's, to San Augustine. From Hemstead, by Buckhorn, Belleville, Forklstown, Industry, New Ulm, and Frelsburg, to Columbus. From Henderson, by Belleview, New Danville, and Pointi Pleasant, to Gilmer. From Henderson, by Bunker Hill, and Jamestown to Gum Spring. From Henderson, by Grand Bluff, to Carthage., From Hendersoll by Knoxville, Larissa, and Kickapoo, to Palestine. From Hendersoh, by San Cosmine, Anadarco, New Salem, Rusk, Box Creek, Roundville, and San Pedro, to Crockett. From Henderson, by Sugar Hill, to Grand Bluff. From Hillsboro', by Buchanan, and Weatherford, to Fort Belknap. From Hilliard's, by Carthage, to Grand Bluff. From Hillsboro', by Crimea, Covingpon, and Buchanan, to Weatherford. From Houston, by Clear Lake, and J. Little's, to HEodge's. From Houston, by Cypress Tol) to Anderson. From Houstonl, by Ilodge's Bend, and Ricllmond, to Wharton. IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. 293 From Houston, by Hlouseville, Rock Island, Washington, Independence, Brenham, Vine Grove, Round Top, Ruttersville, La Grange, Plum Grove, Cunningham, Alum Creek, Bastrop, Webberville, and Case's, to Austin. From Houston to Huntsville, From Houston to Jasper. From H ouston, by Jon es', Big Creek, Solitude, Bingham's, and Liverpool, to Galveston. From Houston to Liberty. Frohm Houston to Oyster Creek. From Houston,.by Rose Hill, and Montgomery, to Huntsville. From Houston, by San Felipe, New Ulm, Industry, and Fayetteville, to La Grange. From Huntsville, by Centreville, and Fairfield, to Corsicana. From Huntsville to Centreville, by Mitchell's, and Leona. From Huntsville, by Cold Spring, Swartwout, Livingston, Greenville, Woodville, Zavalla, Jasper, and Burkeville, to Burr's Ferry, in Louisiana. From Huntsville, by Home, Sumpter, and Lake, to Marion. From Huntsville to Jewett. From Huntsville, by Madisonville, Leona, Centreville, Fairfield, and Corsicana, to Waxahatchie. From Huntsville to Mitchell's. From Huntsville, by Prairie Plains, and Anderson, to Washington. From Huntsville, to Red River Landing, in Louisiana. From Huntsville, by Trinity County Seat, to Marion. From Independence, by Caldwell, Chance Prairie, Nashville, and Port Sullivan, to Cameron. From Indianola, by Green Lake, and Kemper's Bluff, to Goliad. From Indianola, by McGrew's, to Victoria. From Indianola, by New Braunfels and Middleton, to Fredericksburg. From Indianola, by Saluria, to Brazos Santiago, along the beach. From Indianola., by Saluria, and Port Cavallo, to Matagorda. From Indianola, by Texana, to Hallettsville. From Jasper, by Anderson's Ferry, and Motts, to Jonesville, From Jasper, by Burkeville, to. Burr's Ferry, in Louisiana. F'rom Jasper, by Homer, to Rusk. From Jasper to Newton. From Jasper to San Augustine. From Jasper to Trinity Station. From Jasper, by Zavalla, Mount Jordan, Benldy's Landing, Billurm Creek, Mount Hope, Moscow, and Livingston, to Swartwout. From Jefferson, by Coffeeville, Lafayette, and Pittsburg, to Quitman. From Jefferson, by Coffeeville, to Gilmer. From Jefferson, by Floyd's Ferry, to Fulton, in Arkansas. From Jefferson, by Galateip, Port Caddo, Cook's Store, and Jonesville, to Powellton. From Jefferson to Gilmer. From Jefferson, by Hickory Hill, to Daingerfield. From Jefferson, by Linden, Douglassville, Boston, and De Kalb, to Clarksville. From Jefferson, by Pittsburg, to Bright Star. From Jefferson, by Smithland, and Point Monterey, to Fulton, in Arkansas. From Jefferson, by Union Springs, Marshall, Concord, Powellton, and Greenwrool, in Louisiana, to Shreveport. Fromn Johnson's Station, by Fort Worth, to Fort Belknap. Frorn Kauflan, by Kemp, and Bufflalo, to T'aos. From KLaufmanr by Millwcood, and Spring HEill, to Bonham. From Kaufman, by Trinity Riiverl, to Was xhatchieh 294 POST-ROADS. From Keachi, in Louisiana, by Glade Springs, Elysian Fields, and Evergreen, to Harmony Hill. From Kosse to Waco. - From La Grange, by Columbus, Eagle Lake, Egypt, Wharton, Prestoll, and Caney, to Matagorda. From Laredo to Eagle Pass. From La Grange to Evergreen. From La Grange to Ledbetter. From La Grange to Lockhart. From La Grange, by Lyons, Oakland, Hallettsville, Petersburg, and Rocky Mills, to Victoria. From La Grange, by Richmond, to Galveston. From Lampasas to Brownwood. From Leona, by Centreville, to Springfield. From Liberty to Beaumont. From Liberty, to Cold Springs, on the west side of Trinity River. From Liberty, by Livingston, and Sumpter, to Crockett. From Liberty Hill to Lampasas. From Liberty to San Augustine. From Liberty, by Woodville, to Nacogdoches. From Linden, to Randolph, in Arkansas. From Linwood, by the Rossel Place, near the Ferry on Neuces IRiver, and Hancock's, to Noyallis Prairie. From Livingston, by Colita, to Sumpter. From Livingston, by Moscow, to Homer. From Livingston, by Woodville, to Town Bluff. From Logansport, by Truit's Store, Hilliard's, and Buena Vista, to Nacogdoches. From Longview, by Gilmer, Simpsonville, Winnsboroughy and Bright Star, to Sulphur Springs. From Longview, by New Danville, to Jamestown. From Lynchburgh by Cedar Bayou, and West Liberty, to Liberty. From Lynchburgh to Smithfield. From Lynchburgh, by Tarkington's Prairie, to Cold Spring. From Lynchburgh, by Tarkington's Prairie, Livingston, and Harrington, to San Augustine. From McKinney, by Alton, to Birdville. From McKinney to Denton. From McKinney, by Lebanon, to Fort Worth. From McKinney to Sherman. From McKinney, by Spring Garden, Birdville, and Fort Worth, to Johnson. From Madisonville to Caldwell. From Madison, by Cotland, Newton, and Salem, to Burkeville. From Magnolia to Centreville. From Manchester, by Waco, to Cameron. From Marshall, by Ash Spring, Earpville, Pine Tree, Point Pleasant, and Gum Spring, to Tyler. From Marshall, by Carter's Ferry, to Carthage. From Marshall to Coffeeville. From Marshall, by Gilmer, Quitman, and Greenville, to Dallas. From Marshall, by Glade Springs, Elysian Fields, Keatchie, in Louisiana, and Grand Cane, to Mansfield. From Marshall, by Henderson, Tyler, Canton, Cedar Grove, Millwood, and McKenney's, to Sherman. From Marshall to Port Caddo. From Marshall, by Union Springs, to Jefferson. From Martin to Burton. Fromn Matagorda, by Brazoria, and Cedar Lake, to Sugar Lacnd. From Meridian to Cleburnle. From Milan, by Pendleton, Manny, in Louisiana, and Fort Jcssup, to Grand Ecore. IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. 295 From Montague to Jacksboro'. From M'ount Carmel, by Starne's House, to Gilmer. From rMount Enterprize, to Greenwood, in Louisiana. From Mlount Pleasant, by Dabb's Bridge, Sulphur Bluff, Charleston, Cooper, and Ben Franklin, to Honey Grove. From Mount Pleasant. by Gray Rock, Lone Star, White Oak, Tarrant, Black Jack Grove, Timber Creek, Greenville, Bean Creek, Millwood, and Black Hill, to Dallas. From M`ount Pleasant to Honey Grove. From Mount Pleasant, by Jordan's Mills, to Palestine. From Mount Pleasant to Paris. From Nacogdoches, by Anadarco, and New Salem, to Tyler. From Nocogdoches, by Crane's, to Shelbyville. From Nacogdoches, by Douglass, Linwood, Alto, Crockett, and Cincinnati, to Huntsville. From Nacogdoches, by Linn Flat, to MIount Enterprise. From Nacogdoches, by /fJarion, and Herrington, to Woodville. From Nacogdoches, by Mount Enterprise, Henderson, Millville, Walling's Ferry, and Ashville, to Marshall. From Nacogdoches, by Rainbolts, Caledonia, and Walnut Hill, to Carthage. From Navasota to Montgomery. From Nacogdoches to Weiss Bluff. From Nashville, by Wheelock, to Leona. From New Braunfels hby Seguin, and Belmont, to Gonzales. From New Braunfels, by Sisterdale, to Fredericksburg. From New Orleans, in Louisiana., to Brazos Santiago. From New Orleans, in Louisiana, by Galveston, Saluria, Port Cavallo, and La Salle, to Indianola. From Newton to Leesburg. From New Orleans, in Louisiana, to Sabine City. From Overton to Henderson. Fromn Owensville to Cameron. From Uyster Creek to Hodge's Bend. From Palestine to Alto Springs. From Palestine, by Kaufman, Millwood, and Searcy's Settlements, to Bonham. From Palestine to MIagnolia., From Paris, by Greenville, to Kaufman. From Paris, by Lake Creek, to Tarrant. From Paris to the mouth of Boggy. From Paris to Mount Pleasant. From Paris to Perryville. From Paris, by Prairie Mount, Ben Franklin, and North Sulphur, to Greenville. From Paris, by Shocky's, to Pine Bluff. From Paris, by Wright's Ferry, Lackfatah, Eagletown, Pytchlin's, Howell's, Harris Mill, and Sterritt's, to Hot Springs, in Arkansas. From Petersburg to Marshall. From Pine Tree to Gilmer. From Port Lavaca, by Woodport, to Texana. From Quitmnan, by Kaufman, to Dallas. From lRed River Landing, in Louisiana, to Huntsville. From Rock Island, by Chapel Hill, to Brenham. From Rock Island, by Retreat, and Gainesville, to Anderson. From Rock Island, by Tippett's, Wade's, and Gaston's, to Hodge's. From Rock Island, by W.V-hington, Independence, Brenham, Vine Grove, Round Top, Rutersville, La Grange, Plum Grove, Cunningham, Alum Creek, Bastrop, Webberville, and Case's, to Austin. From Rockport to Beeville. From Round Top, by Long Point, and Gay- Hill, to Independence. From Rusk, by Jacksonville, to Larissa. 296 TP)'OST-ROADS. From Rusk to Linwood. From Rusk, by Pinetown, Marlow's Hill, Palestine, Beaver, Alfred, Athens, Kemp, Warsaw Prairie, and Prairie Creek, to Dallas. From IRusk, by Sulphur Springs, to Douglass. Froin Sabine City, by Beaumont, Weiss Bluff, Eri-n, Tow Bluff, rand Mag-nolia Springs, to Jasper. From Sabine Pass, by Beaumont, and Jasper, to San Augustine. From Sabinetown, by Bear Creek, to Jasper. From Sabinetown, by Fairmount, and Toledo, to Burkeville. From Sabinetown, by Hamilton, to Shelbyville. From Sabinetown, by Milan, San Augustine, Cherino, and Melrose, to Nacogdoches. From Saint Mary's, by Refugio, to Goliad. From Saluria, by Lamar, Copano, and Aransas, to Corpus Christi. From San Antonio to Bandera. From San Antonio, by Castroville, Fort Inge, and Leona, to Eagle Pass. From San Antonio, by Eagle Pass, Presidio del Norte, and El Paso, to Dona Ana;. From San Antonio to Fredericksburg. From San Antonio to Friotown. From San Antonio, by Goliad, to Lamar. From San Antonio, by Goliad, and Refugio, to Copano. JF'rom San Antonio to Laredo. From San Antonio, by Post Oak, Southerland Springs, Yorktown, Coletto, Sulphur Springs, Pierpoint Place, Victoria, and Port Lavaca, to Indian ola From San Antonio, to San Diego, in'California. From San Antonio, by Valley, to Seguin. From San Augustine, by Carthage, and Brewster's Bluff, to Marshall. From San Augustine to Jasper. From San Augustine to iMiarion. From San Augustine, by Port Willdham, to Woodville. From San Augustine, by Shelbyville, White Cottage, Hilliard's, Pulaski, Kinlock, arnd Glade Springs, to Marshall. From San Jacinto to Smithfield. From San Saba to Fort M1ason. From Seguin, by Bonito, Sattler's, Clemens', Hind's, Wabroope7s, and John S. Hodges, to FredericksbulIrgh. From Seguin,. by Post Oak, Southerland Springs, and Chism's Crossing, to Helena. From Shelbyville, by Ashton's, and MeMillan's, to Pulaski. From Shelbyville to Henderson. From Shelbyville, by Myrick's Ferry,. to Grand Ecore, in Louisiana. From Shelbyville, by White Cottage, Buena Vista, Henderson, Bunker Hill, Summer Grove, and Clopton, to Tyler. From Sherman, by Basin Springs, to Gainesville. From Sherman, by Preston, Georgetown, and Cedar Springs, to Bourlands. From Sherman to Warren. From Sherman, by Woodborol, to Fort Washita. From Shreveport, in Louisinma, to Austin. From Southland Springs to Floresville. From Springfield, by Alto Springs, to IMarlin. From Springfield, by Cotton Gin, Fa-irfield, Avant., Troy, Bethel, arnd Tennessee Colony, to Palestine. From Springfield, by Hillsborough, 5Wardville, Fortort Worth, and MountI Calm, to Birdsville. From Springfield, by Tehuacana Springs, Spring Hill, andc Dresden to Chamber's Creek~, From Stephcensville to Comanchee From Stephells-ville to WAeathlersfield. IN THES STATE OF TEXAS. 297 From Sulphur Springs, by Emery, and Jordan's Saline, to Canton. From Swartwout, by Cold Spring, to Huntsville. From Taos, by Muskete, Corsicana, and Riihland, crossing to Tehuacana Springs. From Taos, by Waxahatchie, Cedar Hill, and Johnson's Station, to Birdville. From Tarrant, by Hooker, Cedar Grove, College Mound, and Kaufman, to Taos. From Tarrant, by Paris, and Lake Creek, to Jernigan. From Tarrant:, by Quitman, Canton, and Big Rock, to Athens. From Texana, by Molales De Lavaca, and Bearden, to Petersburg. From Texana, by Wharton, and Calder's, to Columbia. From Town Bluff, by MaIgnolia Springs, Cortland, Belgrade, Calcasieu Parish, and Dempsey's Isles, in Louisiana, to Cheneyville. From Trinity City, by Butler, Fairfield, and. Tehuacana,.to Hillsborough. From Tyler, by Athens, Corsicana, and Dresden, to Waco. From Tyler, by Flora, Jordan's Saline, Barren Ridge, and Four Mile Prairie, to Kemp. From Tyler, by Hamburg, Brownsboro, Athens, Buffalo, and Taos, to Waxahatchie. From Tyler, by Hamburg, and Tellico, to Waxahatchie. From Tyler, by Mount Carmel, Belzora, Sandc Spring, Quitman, and Bitg Dollar, to Tarrant. From Tyler, by Quitman, to Mount Vernon. From Tyler, by Seven Leagues, Larissa, Kicekapo, and Plenitude, to Palestine. From Valley Mills to Hamilton. From Victoria, by Anaqua, to Lamar. From Victoria, by Fanning's Defeat, Goliad, Refugio, and San Patricio, to Corpus Christi. From Victoria, by Guadalupe River, Ana qua, Cromwell's Mills, and Kemper City, to Refugio. From Victoria, by Texana, and Wharton, to Ricllmond. From Waco, by Birdsdale, Alton, and Sherman's. to Preston s. From Waco to Lampasas Springs. From Waco, by Meridian, 3Hico, Comanche, Brownwoodl, oncho Post, and Concho, thence to connect with overland mail froum California to San Antonio. From Waco Village, by Buehanan, Fort WVorth, and Denton, to connect with the overland mail at Sherman. From W aco Village, by Deer Creek, to Cameron. From Waco Village, by Dresden, to Corsicana. From rWaco Village, by Gatesville, to Lampasas. From Walling's Ferry, by Cotton Plant, and Fredonia, to Henderson. From Washington, by Chapel Hill, Travis, Belleville, Swearingen, San Felipe, Richmond, Big Creek, Columbia, Hind's, Brazoria,7 and Gull Prairie, to Quintana. From Washington, by Grimesville, Shannon, Montgomery, and Danville, to Cold Spring. From Washington, by Millican, Boonville, Wheelock, and Alta Springs, to Springfield. From Waxahatchie to Cleburne. From Weatherford to Belknap. From Weatherford, by Veal's Station, Prairie Point, Denton, and Pilot Point, to Sherman. From West Liberty, by Tarkington's Prairie, to Cold Springs. From Wheelock, by Owensville, Eutaw, Pollk and Steel's Creek, to Springfield. From WVlleelock, by Prosperity, and Marlin, to Waeo Village. Frolmm Wvood'illec by Providence Hiill, to Beaumont. From Woodviille to Tow1n Bluff. 298 POST-ROADS. Vermont. IN THE STATE OF VERMONT. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Albany to Eden Mills. 230, v. 10, pp. 356- From Bakersfield, by West Enosburgh, and Enosbnrgh Falls, to 1359. l, * \West Berkshire. I(;S., 1v 1, p. 138. From Barnet to Peachanm. 3 March, 1857, c. From Barnet to Waterford Lower Village. 109, v. 11, 1p. 0o. From Barton, by Barton Landing, down the Barton River, to West 14 June, 1858, c. Derb. 162, v. 11, p. 360. 27 Fleb., i186, C. From Barton, by East Craftsbury, and Craftsbury, to North lCrafts57, v. 12, pp. 165, bury. 166;. From Barton Landing, by Coventry, and Salem, to Newport. 2 June, 1862, c. From Bethel, by Gaysville, Stockbridge, Rochester, Hancoek, Rlipton, 95, v. I2, p. 419. 14 July, 1862, c. and East Middlebury, to Middlebury. 171, v. 12, p. 574. From Bellows Falls, by Rockingham, Bartonsville, Chester,' orth 30 June, 1864, c. Chester, Cavendish, Proctersville, Ludlow, Mount Hol1ey, East Walling13 MSv. rp.c, 65,eford, Cuttingsville, East Clarendon, North Clarendon, Ruthland, Pitts104, v. 13, p. 525..frd, Bran don, Liecester, Otter Creek, Salisbury, West Salisbury, Mid14 Maral., 1866, c. (dlebury, Vergennes. Ferrisburgh, Torth Ferrisbnrgh, Charlotte, and 16, v. 14, p.. Shelburne, to Burlington. 6julJy,(;6, C. From Bellows Falls, by Saxton's River, Cambridgeport, Grafton, 267, \. 14, P. ~81. o30 May.; 1s68, c. Townsend, West Townsend, NorthWardsborough West Wardsborough, 35, v. 15, p. 54. and Stratton, to Arlington. 3 Mari'll, 1869, c. From Bellows Falls, by South Chlarleston, in New Hampshire, 10 A 15, Pil. 332 Charleston, North Charleston, Claremont, Weathersfield, in Vermont, 30, v. 1;, p.:o~0. Ascutneyville, and West Claremont, in New Hampshire, to Windsor. 5 Mrch, l70, c1870. Fromn Bradford, by East Corinth, Wait's River, East Orange, Wash2214 v 16, 1 705, ilugton, and Barre, to Montpelier. 1 273 P 2.6'P. 90'@ l From Bradford to West Corinth. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Brandon, by Sudbury, and Orwell, to Chipman's Point. 101, v. 16, p. 46. From Brattleborough, by Dummerstown, Putney, Westminster, and 12 Feb., 1872, C. Walpole, in New Hampshire, to Bellows Falls. 14. 1M7, c. 2 From Brattleborough, by Guilford, Guilford Center, Green River, 159, v. 17, pp. 114, HIalifax, West Haliflhx Jacksonville, Whittingham, Rteadsborough, 115. Heartwellville, and Stamford, to North Adams, in Massachusetts. 10 June, 1872, c. From Brattleborough, by West Brattleborough, Marlborough, Wil314, v. 17, p. 87. mington, Searsbury, and Woodford, to Bennington. 255, v. 17, p. 597. From Brattleborougli, by West Dummerston, Fayetteville, Williamsville, and Dover, to Wilmington. From Brattleborough, by West Dummerston, and Fayetteville, to Townsend. From Bridgewater, by Woodstock, Taftsville, and Quechee Village, to the Railroad Station. From Burlington, by Saint George, Hinesburg, and Monkton, to Vergennes. From Burlington, by Saint George, Hinesburg, Starksborough, Bristol, and New Haven Mills, to Middlebury. Fromn Burlington, by Soutth Hero, to Plattsburg, in New York. From Burlingaton, by Winooski Falls, Painesville, Colchester, West Milton, Milton, East Georgia, Georgia, Saint Albans, Swanton, Alburgh, Alburgh Springs, and West Alburgh, to Rtouse's Point, in New York. From Cabot to Walden. From Cabot, by Walclen, East Hardwick, and Greensboro', to Barton. From Canaan to Pittsburgh, in New Hampshire. From Castleton, by I-ubbardton, to Sudbury. From Chelsey to Williamstown. From. Chester, by Andover, to Weston. From Chester Village, by Ringville, to Worthington. From Corintlh to East Corinth. From Danby, by Mount Tabor, to Weston. From Danville, by Walden, East iHardwick, Hardwick, Greenlsborough? and Craftsbury, to North Craftslbury. IN THE STATE OF VERMONT. 299 From East Barnard to 3Royalton. From East Barnard to South Royalton. From East Berkshire, by Montgomery, and Belvidere, to Eden. From East Berkshire, by Montgomnery, to Montgomery Centre. From East Burke, by Victory, Granby, and Guildhall, to Northumberland, in New Halmpshire. From East Thetford, by Thetford, Post Mill Village, WAvest Fairlee, and Vershire, to Chelsea. From Factory Point, by Windhall, Peru, Lamlasgrove,'Londonderry, South Londonderry, and Simonsville, to Chester. From Fairfax to Buck Hollow. From Fairfax to Fletcher. From Fairfax to Georgia Depot. From Fairfax to Westford. From- Grafton, by Houghtonsville, and Windham, to Londonderry. From Greensboro', by East, Craftsbury, and Craftsbury, to North Craftsbury. From Jonesville, by West Bolton, Underhill Centre, Pleasant Valley, Cambridge, Jefferson, Waterville, B1akersfield, West Enosburg, Enosburg Falls, and West Berkshire, to East Franklin. From Hancock, by Granville, to Warren. From Hartland Depot, by Hartland, Woodstock, and Bernard, to Bethel. From Hartland to South WVoodstock. From Irasburgh, by Browington Centre, and East Charleston, to Brighton. From Jacksonville, by South Halifax, Coleraine, in Massachusetts, and Griswoldville, to Shelburne Falls. From Johnson, by Hyde Park, 1M\orrisville, and Wolcott, to North Craftsbury. Froml, Johnson, by North Hyde Park, Eden, Lowell, Westfield, Troy, Newport, and West Derby, to Derby Line. From Jonesville, by fEluntington, Starksborol, and Bristol, to New Haven. From Lancaster, in New Hampshire, by Northumberland, Guildhall, Maidstone, Brunswick, Lemington, and South Canaan, to Canaan. From Lyndon, by South Wheelock, and Stannard, to East Ha:rdwick. From Lyndon Centre, by East Burke, Burke, Newark, East Charleston, West Charleston, and Derby, to Derby Line. From Lyndon Corner to Island Pond. From Manchester, by South Dorset, Dorset, East Runpert, Pawlet, and Wells, to Granville, in New York. From Marshfield to Cabot. From Marshfield, by Hookersville, to East Cabot. From Middleburg, by Cornwall, West Cornwall, and Shoreham.n to Larrabee's Point. From Middlebury, by Cornwall, Whiting, Sudlbury, and Hubbardstown, to Castleton. From Middlebury, by Salisbury, Leicester, Brandon, Pittsford, Rlutland, East Clarendon, Cuttingsville, Mount Holly, Proctorsviille Cavendish, North Chester, Chester, Bartonsville, to Bellows Falls. From Middlesex, by Moretown, and Waitsfield, to Warren. From Montpelier, by Barre, Orange, West Topsham, East Corinth, and Bradford Centre, to Bradford. From Montpelier, by Barre, South Barre, Williamstown, East Brookfield, East Randolph, and East Bethel, to Royalton. From Montpelier, by Barre, and Washington, to Chelsea. From 3Montpelier, by East Montpelier, Plainfield, AMarshfield, and Cabot, to Danville. From Montpelier, by Middlesex, Waterbury, Bolton, Richmond, Jonesville, and Williston, to Burlington. From Montpelier, by North Montpelier, East Calais, Woodbury, 300 POST-ROADS. South Hardwick, East Hardcwic, Hardwick, Greensborough, and Glover, to Barton. From Montpelier, to'Worcester, East Elmore, Elmore, andcl olcott to North'Wolcott. From Montpelier, by Worcester, Elmore, Morrisville, Hyde Park, Johnson, Waterville, Bakersfield, East Fairfield, ancd Fairfield, to Saint Alba. ns. From Moretown to North Fayston. From Morgan, by Holland, to Derby Line. From Newport, by Newport Centre, to North Troy. From Norrisville to Danville. From Norrisville to South Danville. From North Craftsbury, by Albany, Irasburg, Coventry, Newport, West Derby, an( Derby, to Derby Line. From North Ferrisburgh to Monkton. From North Sheldon, by West Berkshire, to Berkshire. From Orwell to North Orwell. From Painesville, by Essex, Jericho, Underhill, Canmbridge, and Jeffersonville, to Johnston. From Paper Mill Village, by South Ackworth, Lemlpster, and East Ulity, to Newport. From Passnumpsic, by South Danville, to Danville. From Pittsfield, by South Chittenden, and East Pittsford, to lRutland. From Plainfield to East Plainfield. From Proctorsville, by Cavendish, Upper Falls, Ascutneyville, and WVest Claremont, in New Hampshire, to Claremont. From Readsboro', by -MAonroe, to Florida, in Miassachusetts. From Richmlond, through lHuntington and the east part of Starksboro', to Bristol. From Richmond, by Jericho Centre, to Jericho Corners. From Rutland, by Clareldon, VWallingford, South Wallingford, Danby, North Dorset, East Dorset, Factory Point, Mianchester, Sunderland, Arlington, Shaftsbury, South Shaftsbury, North Bennington, Bennington, Bennington Centre, North Hoosick, Eagle Bridge, in New York, Buskirk's Bridge, Johusonville, Schaghticoke, Tomhannock Junction, and Lansinrgburg, to Troy. From gRutland to Stockbridge. From Saint Allbans, by Ealst Highgate, Franklinu, East Franklin, and West Berkshire, to Berkshire. From Saint Albans, by Sheldon, East Sheldon, and West Enosburgh, to Enosburgh. From Saint Albans, by Sheldon, Enosburgh Falls, and East Berkshire, to Richford. From Sa.int Albans to SwantQn, From Saint Albans, by Swanton Centre, to Highgate. From Saint Johnsbury to Danville. From Saint Johnsbury, by Johnsbury East, West Concord, Concord, and Lunenbnrg, to Lancaster, in New HI-ampshire. From Saint Johnsbury, by Lower Waterford, and Waterford, to Littleton, in New Hampshire. From Saint Johnsbury, by Saint Johnsbury Centre, Lyndon, Lyndon Centre, Sutton, Barton, Brownington, and Derby, to Derby Line. Frbm Saint Johnsbury, by West Waterford, Lower Waterford, and TWaterford, to Littleton, in New Hampshire. From Searsburg, by Somerset, to Bennington. From Salem, by West Rupert, to Rupert. From Sharon, by South Strafford, to Strafford. From Sherburne, by North Sherburne, and Pittsfield, to Stockbridge. From Shoreham to Liarrablees Point. Froml South Danville to VWest Danville. From South Fairlee to Ely... 1From Sonth Hard- wick to ITorth'Craftsbury. IN THIE STATE OF VERMONT. 30]1 From South Hardwick Station to North Craftsbury. From South Newbury, by West Newbury, to Newbury Centre. From South Royalton, by Tunlbridge, to Chelsea. From South Strafford to Copperas Hill. From Steven's Village to Lower Waterford. From Strafford, by South Strafford, alind Union Village, to Pompanoosue. From Swanton, by Highgate, Franlklin, East Franklin, and West Berkshire, to Richford. From Swanton, by West Swanton, Alburgh, Alb-urgh Springs, and West Albnrgh, to Rouse's Point, in New York. From Tinmouth to Wallingford. From Troy to North Troy. From Troy, by West Newport, Coventry, and Irasburg, to Barton. From Vergennes, by Addison, Bridgeport, Shorehatn, Orv.cl!, Benson, and West Havein, to Whitehall, in New York. From Vergennes, by West Addison, and Chimney Poinlt, to Port Henry, in New York. From Warren, by East Warren, to West Roxbury. From Waterford to Concord. From Waterford, to Littleton, in New Hampshire. From Waterbury, by Stow, and Morrisville, to lyd-ce Park. From Well's River to Ryegate. From WTest Alburgh, to Champlain, in New York. IFrom West Bridgewater to Plymouth. From West Burllie to West Charleston. From West Concord to Granby. From West Corn wall to Bridport. From West iDanville to Hardwick. From West MAilton, by South Hero, Grand Isle, North ITero, and Isle La Motte, to Alburglh. From West Randolph, by Randolph, and East Ra.ndolph, to Chelsea. From West Rutland, by Clarendon Springs, Ira, Tinmouth, antld D~anby Four Corners, to Danby. From West Townsend, by South iltdham, to Windham. From Wethersfield, by Ascutneyville, anld West Claremont, to Claremont Depot. From White River Junction, by Hanover, in New Hampshire, Norwich, Union Village, Pompanoosuc, Lyme, in New 1Hampshire, Northll Thetford, East Thetfordcl, Oxford, in;New Hanmpshire, Fairlee, Pierrmont, in New Hamplslhire, South Bradtird, Bradford, 1-Haverhill, in New lHamnpshire, Newbury, Well's River, Mclndoe's Falls, Barnet, and Passumsic, to Saint Johnsbury. From Whiting to Shoreham. From Whiting Station, by Sudbury, and Hlubbardtown, to Castleton. From Windsor. by Brownsville, Felchville Upper Falls, and Cavendish, to PrQctorsville. From Windsor, to Cornish Flat, in New Hampshire. From Windsor, by Plainfield, in New Hampshire, Hartland, North Hartland, White River Junction, Hartford, West- Hartford, Sharon, South Royalton, Royalton, Bethel, West Randolph, West Braintree, Roxbury, Northfield, Montpelier, Middlesex, Waterbury, Bolton, Jonesville, Richmond, Williston, Painesville, and Winooski Falls, to Burlilngton. From Windsor, by Plainfield, to 3Meriden, in New Hampshire. From Woodstock, by Bridgewater, Plymouth, and Tyson Furnace, to Ludlow. From Woodstock, by South Pomfret, Pomfret, and Snow's Store, to West, Hartford. From WToodstock, by South Woodstock, Reading, Felchville Upper Falls, Perkinsville, North Springfield, and Springfield, to Charlestown, in Nenw Hamlpshire. 302 POST-ROADS. Virginia. IN THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Abingdon, by Clear Branch, Three Springs, Mill Point, Arca2:0, V. 10, pp. 408- dia, and Block Hous, to Estilville. 5 Aug., 1854, c. From Abingdonl to Holston Valley.'271,. 10, p. 589. From Abingdon, by Holston, and Ha nsonville, to Lebanon. 3 March, 1855, c. From Abingdon, by North Fork, Huyster's GapV Holston River, and 211, V. 1, pe. 706. Saltville, to Tazewell Court-House. 18 Aug., 1856, c. 168, v. 11, pp. 137; From Abingdon, by Poor Hill, in Tennessee, Holston Valley, and 138. Rockhold's, to Elizabethtown. 3 March, 1857, c. From Abingdon, by Raven's Nest, Craig's, Kinderhook, and Rocky 109, v. 11, pp. 231, Point, to Estilville. 14 June, 1858, c. From Abingdon, by Tool's Creek, and Byrd Lilley's in the Poor Val16-2, v. 11, pp. 360, ley, to Whitley Fullon's. 3G1. From Accomac Court-House, by Locustville~ to Locust Mount. 527 F., 1, p. 166. From Aquia, by Garrisonville, and Stafford Court-House, to Rail2 March, 18067, c. road. 191, v. 14, p. 554. [From Aquia Creek to Richland Mills. 3 March, 1869, c. From Aldie to Manassas. 131, v 15, p 333. From Aldie to Snickersville. 14 July, 1870, c. 273, v. 16, p. 290. From Alleghany Springs, by Huffsville, to Simpson's. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Alexandria, by Accotink, and Occoquan, to Dumfries. 101, v. 16, pp. 468, From Alexandria, by Anandale, Fairfax Court-House, Chantilly. 16 Jan., 1872, c. Pleasant Valley, Arcola, Aldie, Middleburg, Rector's Cross-Roads, Up6, v. 17, p. 27. perville, Paris, and Millwood, to Winchester. 14 May, 1872, c. From Alexandria, by Fairfax Station, Sangster's Station, Burke's 159, v. 17, p. 115. Station, Manassas Station, Catlett, Walnut, Branch Depot, Beallton, 10 June, 1872, C. Millville Brandy Stationn Culpeper Court-House, Mitchell's Station, 427, v. 17, p. 387. e S 3 March, 1873, c. Rapid Ann Station, and Orange Court-House, to Gordonsville. 255, v. 17, p.507. From Alexandria, by Mount Pierce, Anandale, Chantilly, Pleasant Valley, Arcola, Aldie, Middleburg, and Upperville, to Paris. From Alexandria, by Nall's Church, and Republican Mills, to Dranesville. From Alexandria to Theological Seminary. From Amelia Court-House, by Dennisville, and Finney's Mills, to Namozine. From Amherst Court-House, by Pedlars Mills, to Big Island. From Appomattox Depot, by Elk Hill, Lodore, Painesville, and Rodophil, to Deatonsville. From Appomattox Depot, by Skin Quarter, to Winterpock. From Appomattox Depot, on the South Side Railroad, by Oakville, Panky, and Gray's Store, to Bent Creek. From Ashton's Mills to Lauck's Cross-Roads. From Aylett's, by Acquinton, Piping Tree Ferry, Rumford Academy, and King William Court-House, to Lanesville. From Bachelor's Hall to Shady Grove. From Balcony Falls, by Natural Bridge, Dagger's Springs, Clifton Forge, Alum Rock, and Covington, to Callaghan's. From Baptist Valley to Knob. From Barkesdale Depot, by Hall's Cross-Roads, to Spring Garden. From Baynesville to Farmer's Fork. From Beaver Dam Depot, by Chilesburg, Apple Wood, and Flippo's, to Thornburgh. From Belfield to Lawrenceville. From Bentleyville, by Mount Laurel, anud Whitesville, to Providence. From Betten, by Gorbyls, Isaac Miller's, Absalom, Postlewait's, and Benjamin Johnston's, to New Martinsville, in West Virginia. From Bickley's Mills, by Guest's Station, the Pond, and Three Forks, to Turkey Cove. From Big Lick, by Booue's Mills, and Gogginsville, to Rocky Mount. From Big Lick to Harper's. IN THE STATE OrF VWIRGINlA. 303 From Big Lick, by Cooper's, and Boubrook, to Rocky Mount. From Black Creek Valley, by High View, and Yellow Springs, to Capon Springs. From Blacksburg, by Price:s Fork, to Cowan's Mills. From Blacksburg, by Pepperns Ferry, to Newbern. From Black Walnut, by Hyco, Mayo, Harmony, Woodsdale, in North Carolina, and Williamsville, to Roxboro. From Blount's Store to Sinlking Creek. ]From Bowling Green to Milford. From Bowling Green, by Sparta and Central Point, to Newtown. From Bowling Green, by Trappe, and Port Conway, to King George Court-House. From Bowling Green, by Turner's Store, and Wbite Chimneys, to Mangohic. From Boydton, by Christiansville, Yatesville, Rehoboth, Lunenburg Court-House, and McFarland's, to Blackl's. From Boydton to Clarkesville. From Bradford Furnace to Reed Island. From Brentsville, by Independent Hill, to Bellfair Mills. From Bridle Creek to Rye Valley. From Broadford to Tazewell Court-HEouse. From Buchanan to Buford's Depot. From Buckingham Court-House, by Mount Vinco, Glenmore, Diana Mills, and Virginia Mills, to New Canton. From Buckland, by Auburn, and Saint Stephen's, to Weaversville. From Buckland, by HLaymarket, Thorougfare, and the Plains, to Salem. From Buffalo G-ap, by Bell's Valley, and Millboro' Springs, to Clifton Forge. From Buffalo Gap to Deerfield. From Buffalo Gap, by Estelline Furnace, Bell's Valley, and Panther's Gap, to Millboro' Springs. From Buford's Depot to Buckannon, in West Virginia. From Buford's, by Blue Rtidge, to Fincastle. From Burkesville to Jeffry's Store. From Cabbage Farm, by Taylor's Store, to Saint Tammany. From California to Smithville. From Callahan's to Sweet Springs. From Campbell Court-House, by Pigeon Run, Marysville, and Green Hill, to Brook Neal. From Cappahosic to Matthews Court-House. From Cedar Grove Mills to Timber Ridge. From Cedarville to Emory. From Central Depot, by Grayson's Mills, to Indian Creek. From Central Depot to Laurel Fork. From Central Depot to Touncary's Furnace. From Central Plains to Seven Islands. From Centreville to Sangster's Station. From Chancellorsville to iRichardsville. From Chancellorsville, by Todd's, to Danielsville. From. Charles City Court-House to Upperson's Store. From Charlotte Court-House, by Aspen Wall, Cub Creek, and Brook Neal, to Green Hill. Froni Charlotte Court-House to Dasherville. From Charlotte Court-House to Roanoke Bridge. From Charlotte Court-House, by Rough Creek, Red House, Falling Bridge, and Mount Zion, to Campbell Court-Hou se. From Charlotte Court-House, by XWatkin's Store, Wylliesburg, Red Oak Grove, and Oakley, to Clarkesville. From Charlottesville, by Carter's Bridge, to Scottsville. From Charlottesville, by B. M. Church, Central Plains, tnld Fork Union, to Columlbia. 304 POST-ROADS. From Charlottesville, by Garland's, Covesville, Lovingston, Rose Mills, New Glasgow, Amherst Court-House, and Cool Well, to Lynchburg. From Charlottesville, by Hardin's Tavern, Mechumn's River, Yanceys Mills, Brookville, Waynesboro', and Fishersville, to Staunton. From Charlottesville, by Hydraulic Mills, Earleysville, Free Union, Mvillington, MSoreman's River, Brown's Cove, Port Republic, Mount' Meridian, Rockland Mills, and Cross Keys, to Harrisonburg. From Charlottesville to Utniversity of Virginia. From Chatham Hill to Marion. From Cherrystone, to Cap)erville, by Sea View, and Bay View. From Christiansburg, by Blacksburg, to Newpol t. From Christiansburg, by Childress's Store, Humility, Snowville, and Reed Island, to Jackson's Ferry. ]From Christiansburg to Floyd Court-House. From Christiansville to Whittel's Mills. From Clarksville, by White House, and Blue Wing in North Carolina, to Roxboro'. From Cobb's Creek to Matthews Court-House. From Columbia, by Wilmington, Palmyra, and Union Mills, to Keswick Depot. From Concord, by Spanish Oaks, to Oalkville. From Conrad's Store, by McGaheysville. Port Republic, Mount Me: ridian, New Hope, and Hermitage, to Waynesborough. From Culpeper Court-House, by Colvin's Tavern, Locust Dale, Madison Mills, and Orange Court-House, to Gordonsville. From Culpeler Court-House, by Eldorado, Castleton, Laurel Mills, Rock Mills, Washington, Flint Bill, and Black Rock, to Front Royal. From Culpeper Court-House, by Griffinsburg, Boston, Slate Mills, and Woodville, to Sperryville. From Culpeper Court-House to Rixeyville. From Culp)eper Court-House, by Rixeyville, to Oak Shade. From Culpeper Court-House, by Waylandsburg, to Leon. From Cumberland Court-House, by Ca Ira, Curdsville, and Sew Store, to Clover Hill. From Cumberland Court-House, by Gravel Hill, and Diana Mills, to Scottsville. From Danville, by Bachelor's FHill, Cascade, and Irisburg, to Martinsville. From Danville, by Hall's Cross-Roads, and Spring Garden, to Riceville. From Danville, by Pleasant Gap, Whitmell, Swansonville, Calland's, Dickinson's, and Glade Hill, to Rocky Mount. From Davis's Mills, by Fancy Grove, and Alexander Leftwick's, to Berger's Store. From Davis's Store to Berger's Store. From Dinwiddie Coui't-House, by Ritchieville, to Goodwynsville. F'rom Dublin to Muck's Creek. From Dlumfries to Independent Hill. From Eggleston's Springs to New River Bridge. From Elamsville, by Mr. Griffin's Store, and Robert Sander's, to Rocky Mount. From Elk Creek to Carsonville. From Emaus to Payton's Store. From Estillville to Kingsport. From Estillville, by Quillensville, and Nicholasville, to Grassy Creek. Froml Estillville, by Stock Creek, RIye Cove, Pattonsville, Stickleysville, Powell's Moautain Sihaver's Creek, Jonesville, Rose Hill, and Walnut Hill, to Cumberland Gap, in Kentucky. From Estillville to Stony Creek. IN THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. 305 From Fairfax Court-House, by Fall's Church, Bailey's Cross-Roads, and Brixton, to Washington, in District of Columbia. From Fairfieldc to Brownsburg. Froml Fancy Hill to Lexington. From Fancy Hill to Thompson's Landing. From Farmville, by Curdsville, to Buckingham Court-House. From Farmville to Gravel Hill. From Farmnville, by Hampden Sidney College, to Prince Edward Court House. From Farlnville, by Jamestown, to Deatonsville. From Farmville, by Paine's Tavern, Langhorne's Tavern, Cumberland Court House, Oak Forest, and Cartersville, to Pemberton. From Farmville, by Prince Edward Court-House, Midway Inn. Roanoke Bridge, Charlotte Court-House, Midland, Providence, Halifax CourtHouse, Rogersville, Bloomsburg, and Cunningham's Store, in North Carolina, to Milton. From Farmtville, by Prospect, Walker's Church, Clover Hill, Spout Spring, Concord, and Selima, to Lynchburg. From Fearnsville to Smithfield. From Fincastle, by Amsterdam, Clover Dale, Big Lick, Salem, Lafahyette, Shawsville, Christiansburg, Lovely Mount, Newbern, and Draper7s Valley, to Wytheville. From Fincastle, by Craig's Creek, Middle Mountain, Mounltain House, Red Sweet Springs, and Sweet Springs, to White Sulphur Springs. From Fincastle, by Craig's Creek,:Newcastle, Sinking Creek, Midway, Simumon sville, Level Green, Newport, Macksburg, Pembroke, Pearisburg, Bell Point, East River, Bethel, Bluestone, Springville, Tazewell Court-House, Knobb, Maiden Spring, Elk-Garden, Rosedale, Lebanon, l)ickinsonville, Grassy Creek, Osborn's Ford,- Stony Creek, Rye Cove, Pattonsville, Stickleysville, Powell's Mountain, Jonesville, Rose Hill, and Walnut Hill, to Cumberland Gap. From Fincastle, by Junction Store, and Rich Patch, to Covington. From Fincastle, by Tinker Knob, Catawba, and McDonald's Mill, to Blacksburg. From Fish Hall Station to Walkerton. From Fleetwood Academy, by Bruington, Walkerlon, Stevensville, Carlton's Store, King and Queen Court-House, Little Plymouth, Shackelford, Plain View, and Wood's Cross-Roads, to Gloucester Court-House. From Floyd Court-House, by Buffalo Mountain, to intersect the Taney Gap road from Hillsville to Mountain Eddy, to Mount Airy, in North Carolina. From, Forks of Bufhalo River to Salt Creek. From Foxville, by -Millview. Wheatley, Pine View, Morrisville, and New Brighton, to Foxville. From Foxville, by Warrenton, to Jefferson. From Fredericksburg, by Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Germanna, Shepherd's Grove, and Stevensburg, to Culpeper Court-House. F'rom Fredericksburg, by Falmouth, Hartwood, Spottedville, Somerville, Elk Run, Bristerburg, and Weaversville, to Catlett. From Fredericksburg, by King George Court-House, Edge Hill, Millville, O)ak Grove, Foneswood, Montross, Nominy Grove, and Lyell's Store, to Warsaw. From Fredericksburg, by Monteithville, to Clifton. From Fredericksburg, by Port Royal, Port Conway, Leeds, Tappahannock, Urbana, Merry Point, and Pungoteague Landing, to Baltimore, in Maryland. From Fredericksburg, by Rappahannock Academy, Port Royal, Loretto, Occupacia, Lloyd's, Rexburg, and Mount Landing, to Tappaha.nnock. From Fredericksburg, by Spottsylvania Court-House, Mount Pleasant, Thornsburg, Lewis'-Store, and Harris, to Frederickshall. R s III- 2O 306 POST-ROADS. From Frederickshall, by Gilboa, Cuckooville, Thompson's CrossRoads, Hadensville, and Fife's, to Pemberton. From Floyd Court-House, by Indian Valley, Willis' Ridge, Greasy Creek, and Drug Spur, to Hillsville. From Forest Depot, by Ivy-Creek Mills, Lone Pine, Davis' Store, and Charlemont, to Big Island. From Front Royal, by Hambaugh's, Bentonville, Cedar Point, Hope Mills, Luray, Long Meadow, Honeyville, Grove Hill, and Shenandoah Iron Works, to Conrad's Store. From Glade Spring, by Chilhowie Springs, to Goolsby's. From Glennihore to Howardsville. From Glenn's, by Scuffietown, and G. W. Simond's Store, to Matthews Court-House. From Gordonsville, by Barboursville, and Dawsonville, to Stanardsville. From Gordonsville, by Barboursville, Stony Point, and Ruckersville, to Stanardsville. From Gordonsville, by Somerset, Jacksonville- Madison Court-House, Creighlersville, and Marksville, to New Market. From Goshen Bridge, by Alum Springs, to Cowpasture Bridge. From Graham's new furnace, by Francis Allison's, up the valley of Reed Island Rliver, to the Hillsville and Floyd Court-House Turnpike. From Graham's new furnace to Jackson Ferry. From Graham's Ferry to Peterstown. From Grayson Court-House, by Peach Bottom, Independence, Bridle Creek, Mouth of Wilson, and Nathan's Creek, in North Carolina, to Jefferson. From Grayson Court-House, to Scull Camp, in North Carolina. From Grayson Court-House, by Spring Valley, Elk Creek, Blue Spring, and Rye Valley, to Marion. From Greenville to Middlebrook. From Greenville, to Mount Airy, in North Carolina. From Greenwood Depot, by Brookville, Greenfield, Rock-Fish, Mount Horeb, Covington, and Variety Mills, to Tye River Warehouse. From Greenwood Depot, by Brookville, Mountain Top, Waynesboro', and Fishersville, to Staunton. From Groveton, by Bristoe Station, to Brentsville. From Guilford to Gum Springs. From Grundy, to Mouth of Bradshaw, in West Virginia. From Halifax Court-House, by Meadville, Peytonsburg, Aspen Grove, and Spring Garden, to Pittsylvania Court-House. From Halifax Court-House, by Rogersville, Bloomsburg, Mount Carmel, and Cunninghamn, to Milton. From Hallsboro', by Powhatan, to Ballsville. From Hampstead to Fair Haven. From Hansonville to Nicholsville. From Hansonville, by Willow Spring, and Dickinsonville, to Bickley's Mills. From Harrisonburgh to Alum Springs. From Harrisonburg, by Cross Keys, Rockland Mills, and Mount Meriden, to Port Republic. From Harrisonburg, by Dayton, Bridgewater, Mount Solon, Parnassus, and Long Glade, to Staunton. From Harrisonburg, by Greenmount, Edom, Bowman's Mills, Brock's Gap, and Timberville, to New Market. From Heathsville to Burgess' Store. From Hermitage to New Hope. From Hicksford, by Pumpkin, Drewryville, and Jerusalem, to Franklin Depot. Fromn Hicksford, by Ryland's Depot, Green Plains, in North Carolina, and Summit, to Gaston. IN THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. 307 From Hicksford, by Stony Mount, Lawrenceville, Diamond-Grove, Tanner's Store, Lombardy Grove, and Union Level, to Boydtown. From Hillsville, by the Glades, and Piper's G(ap, to Grayson CourtHouse. From Holston, by Hiram Fullon's, to Estillville. From Holston to Raven's Nest. From Hornetown to Chincoteague. From Howardsville, by Goodwin's Church, and Mount Vinco, to Buckingham Court-House. From Howardsville, by Turnpike road, to Middlebrook. From Independence, by Tongs Gap, Clem's Branch, and Flat Ridge, to Rye Valley. From Jarratt's, by Poplar Mount, to Smoky Ordinary. From Jeffersouton, by Amissville, Gaines' Cross-Roads, and Washington, to Sperryville. From Jeffersonville to McDowell Court-House. From Jeffress' Store, by Laurel Hill, Double Bridge, Pleasant Grove, Haleysburg, Dupree's Old Store, Wylliesburg, Bentleyville, and Scottsburg, to Halifax Court-House. From Jerusalem, by Francisville, in North Carolina, to Jackson. From Jetersville to Cumberland Court-House. From Jetersville to Pride's Church, by Deatonsville. From Jonesville, by the Cumberland Gap route, the widow Ewing's, Omittee, and Robert Hamblin's Store, to Tazewell, in Tennessee. From Junction, by Verdon, Beaver Dam Depot, Second-Turnout, Frlederickshall, Tolersville, Louisa Court-House, Trevillian's Depot, Gordonlsville, Bentivoglio, Cobham, Keswick Depot, Shadwell, Charlottesville, University of Virginia, Woodville Depot, Mechum's River, and Greenwood Depot, to Staunton. From Kellysville to Brandy Station. From Keysville Depot, by County Line Cross Roads, to Darlington Heights. From Kilmarnock to White Stone. From King George Court-House to Hampstead. From King George Court-House, by Shiloh, Payne's Store, and Leedstown, to Faneswood. From King William Court-House, to Willers. From Lancaster Court-House to Merry Point. From Langley, by Lewinsville, to Fairfield Court-House. Froim Laurel Grove to Cartersburg. From Lawrenceville, by Burntville, Sturgeonville. Kennedy's, Jonesboro', Oral Oaks, Wattsboro', Barry's Bridge, and Drapersville, to Boydton. From Lawrenceville, by Diamond Grove, Lewisville, Lochleven, Brick. land, Non-Intervention, Columbia Grove, Whittle's Mills, South Hill, Crichton's Store, and Forkville, to Lawrenceville. From Lawrenceville, by Powellton, Pleasant Oaks, Green Plains, in North Carolina, Summit, Gholsonville, and White Plains, to Lawrenceville. From Leatherwood's Store, by Elger's Store, to Shady Grove, From Lebanon, by Head of McClure's Creek, Sander's Mills, Calender, Pewtherer's, Holly Creek, and Osborne's Gap, to Piketon, in Kentucky. From Lebanon, by Nash's Ford, New Garden, Richland, Cedar Bluff; and Baptist Valley, to Tazewell Court-House. From Lebanon, by Sand Lick, to Buchanan Court-House. From Lee Court-House, to Fayetteville, in Tennessee. From Leesburg, by Hughesville, Circleville, Philomonlt, Bloomfield, and Unison, to Middleburg. From Leesblrg, to Point of Rocks, in Maryland. From Leesburg, by VWTaterford, Wheatland, HEtillsboro',,and Neersville, to Harper's Ferry. Fromn Lewis's Store, by Harris, to Fred erickshall. 308 POST-ROADS, From Lexington, by Colliertown, to Pattonsburg. From Lexington, by Kerr's Creek, Alum Springs, and Millsborough Springs, to Bath Alum. From Lexington, by Kirkpatrick's Shop, to Kerr's Creek Store. From Lexington, by Thompson's Landing, and Gilmer's Mills, to Balconiy Falls. From Lexington, by Turnpike Road, to Covington. From Liberty, by Bunker Hill, Body Camp, Wade's, Davis' Mills, Hendrick's Store, Hale's Ford, and Taylor's Store, to Rocky Mount. From Liberty to Otter Hill. From Locust Dale to Oak Park. From Lombardy Grove, by Smith's Cross-Roads, to Cabbage Farm. From Love's Mills, by White Top, to Hilton. From Lovettsville to Barry. From Lovettsville, by Hoysville, Bolingtol, Morrisonville, and Wheatland, to Lovettsville. From Lovingston, by Roseland; to Piedmont. From Louisa Court-House, by Mansfield, Andrews, Twyman's Store, Orange Springs, Thornhill, and Ellisville, to Louisa Court-House. From Luray to Valleysburg. From Lynchburg, by Bigbee's Shop, and Perrow's Store, to Charlemont. From Lynchburg, by Campbell Court-House, Yellow Branch, Castle Craig, Ward's Bridge, Hill Grove, Chalk Level, Robertson's Store, and Pittsylvania Court-House, to Danville. From Lynchburg, by Dagger's Springs, Clifton Forge, Alum Rock, and Covington, to Callaghan's. From Lynchburg, by Elon, to Pedlar's Mills. From Lynchburg, by Forest Depot, Pierceville, Liberty, Lisbon, Oakmulege, Buford's, Fluke's, and Stoner's Store, to Big Lick. From Madison, in North Carolina, by Smithl's Store, and Smith and Moore's Store, to Horse Pasture Store. From Madison Court-House, by Criglersville, Graves' Mills. and Marksville, to Luray. From Madison Court-House, by Rapid Arno, Graves' Mills, and Criglersville, to Madison Court-House. From Manassas to Dumfries. From Manassas' Station, by Gainesville, Haymarket, Thoroughfaire, The Plains, Salem, Fauquier, and Rectortown Station, to Piedmont Station. From Mangohick to Hanover Court-House. From Mangohick to Urbana. From Martin's Station to Draper's Valley. From Martinsville, by Traylorsville, County Line Mills, Magis Store, and Spa Brook Station, to Patrick Court-House. From Martinsville, by Rough and Ready Mills, and Prillaman's, to Griffin's Store. From Martinsville. by Rough and Ready Mills, Prunty's, and Elamsville, to Rock Castle. From Martinsville, by Shady Grove, Snow Creek, Dickinson, Union Hall, Gill's Creek, Kasey's, Fancy Grove, and Davis's Mills, to Liberty. From Max Meadows Depot to Draper's Valley. From Max Meadows Depot to Graham's old furnace. From Mechanicsburg, by Kimberlin Rock Gap, Clear Fork Valley, and Cove Creek, to Peery's Store. From Mechum, by White Hall, to Stannardville. From Middleburg, by Rectortown, Oak Hill, Moreland, Leedls Manor, Farrowsville, ancld Manassas Gap, to Front Royal. From Middletown, byr Rectortown, Piedmont, Moreland, Leed's Manor, and Markham Station, to Manassas Gap. From Middletown, by Portsmouth, to Front Royal. IN THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. 309 From Milford, by Port Royal, and Port Conway, to King George (Court-House. From Miller's Tavern to Bestland. From Miller's Tavern, by Enterprise, Faweette, and Mount Zion, to Tappahannock. From Millwood to Berryville. From Millwood to Milldale. From Mitehell's Station to Racoon Ford. From Monterey, by Meadow Dale, Mill Gap, Spruce Hill, and Sunrise, to Mountain Grove. From Moore's Ordinary, by Brydie's Store, Tussekiah, Laurel Hill, Lunenburg Court-House, and Rehoboth, to Yatesville. From Moore's Ordinary, by Double Bridge, and Pleasant Grove, to Hayleysburg. From Mountain Falls, by Gravel Spring, Paddy's Mills, Van Buren Furnace, and Lorenzoville, to Woodstock. From Mount Airy Depot to Davis' Mill. From Mount Level to Darvill's. From Mount Vinco to IBuckingham Court-House. From Mount Vinco, by Glenmore, to Warren. From Murrill's Shop, by Faber's Mills, to Covesville. From Naff's to Callaway's. From Nevis Ferry, by Peytonsburg, and Riceville, to Chalk Level. From Newbern, by Graham's Iron Works, to Wythe Court-House. From Newbern Depot, by Newbern, Draper's Valley, and Cedar Mount, to Aax Meadowls Depot. From Newbern, by Polar Hill, Giles Court-House, Peterstown, Red Sulphur Springs, Indian Creek, Salt Sulphur Springs, Union, Pickaway Plains, and Second Creek, to White Sulphur Springs. From Newbern, by Francis Allison's, to Graham's New Furnace. From New Canton to Buckingham Mine, by Gold Hill, and Gravel.Hill. From New Canton, by Virginia Mills, Diana Mills, and Glenmore, to Mount Vinco. From New Castle, by Catawba, to Salem. From New Castle to the Tavern House of James Scott. From New Castle to Union. From New Kent Court-House to Charles City Court-House. From New Market, by Brock's Gap, Doversville, Baker's Run, and Eyman's Run, to Luney's Creek. From New Market, by Luray, and Washington, to Warrenton. From New Market, by Massanutton, Luray, Hawsburg, Sperryville, Washington, Gaines' Cross-Roads, and Amissville, to Watertown. From Newtown, by Stephensburg and Nineveh, to Front Royal. From Norfolk, by Cherrystone to Eastville. From Norfolk to Churchland. From Norifblk, by Kempsville, London Bridge, Princess Ann CourtHouse, Blossom Hill, Ives' Store, Land of Promise, and Great Bridge, to Norfolk. From Norfolk to Matthews Court-House. From Norfolk, by Yorktown, to Watertown. From Nottoway Court-House to Jefress: Store. From Nottoway Court-House, by Saint Marlks Church, and Marshall's Store, to Olive Branchl Church. From Oak Grove to Port Conlway. From Onancock, by Hunting Creek, Guilfcord, Miessongo, and Tempernceville, to Chincoteague. From Orange, by Madison Mills, to Locust Dale. From Overby's, to Brook lNeal, by Aspinwall, and(l Caub Creek. From Partlow's, by Spring Level, to Second Turn Out. From Patrick Coulrt-House% by Rclk Castie to Fuld Cos ur'ldlutose, 310 POST-ROADS. From Patrick Court-House, by Sandy Plains, and Ararat, to Mount Airy, in North Carolina. From Patrick Court-House, by Wilt's Spur, Meadows of Dan, Laurel Forks, and Gladesborough, to Hillsville, From Pattonsburg, by Powell Tavern, Sublett's Tavern, Beaver Dam, Goochland Court-House, Jefferson, Cartersville, New Canton, Fork Union, Westminister, Hardwicksville, Tye River Warehouse, Bent Creek, and Stonewall Mills, to Richmond. From Pattonsville, by Cedar Point, to Sneydsville. From Pedlar's Mills, by Pryor's Vale, to Buffalo Springs. Froml Petersburg, by Templeton, Newville, Littleton, Farmer's Grove, Assamoosick, and Vicksville, to Jerusalem. From Petersburg to City Point. From Petersburg, by Dinwiddie Court-House, Ritchieville, and Goodwinsville, to Wyoming. From Petersburg, by Dinwiddie Court-House, Wyoming, Sturgeonsville, Burntville, Lewisville, Forksville, South Hill, Lombardy (rove, Cedaria, and Boydton, to Randolph Macon College. From Petersburg, by Prince George Court-House, Gareysville, Cabin Point, Surry Court-House, Bacon's Castle, Burwell's Bay, Smithfield, and Chuckatuck, to Suffolk. From Petersburg, by Sutherland, Ford's Depot, Mount Level, Wilson's Depot, Wellsville, Blacks and Whites, Nottoway Court-House, Burkesville, Rice Depot, Farmville, Prospect, and Merriman's Shop, to Appomattox Depot. From Petersburg, by Tight Squeeze, Stony Creek Warehouse, Jarrett's, Hicksford, Pleasant -Hill, in North Carolina, and Gareysburg, to Weldlon. From Petersburg, by Union Grove, Blackwater, Baileysburg, Green Level, Berlin, and Bowers, to Jerusalem. From Pitts}ylvania Court-House, by Berger's Store, and Sandy Hill, to Union flall. From Pittsylvania Court-House, by Calland's, Sandy River, Leatherwood's Store, iMartinsville, Taylorsville, Horse Pasture, Penn's Store, and Mayoning, to Patrick Court-House. From Poplar Hill, by Mechanicsburg, to Sharon. From Poplar Hill, by Staffordsville, to Eggleston's Springs. From Poplar Hill, by White Gate, Mechanicsburg, Crab Orchard, Mercer Court-House, Sharon, Jeffersonville, Lilson's Mill, Olympia, Chatham Hill, Rich Valley, Long Hollow, and McCall's Gap, to Glade Springs Depot. From Portsmouth to Hargrove's Tavern. From Portsmouth, by Suffolk, Carrsville. Franklin Depot, Murfee's Depot, Newsom's Depot, Boykin's Depot, Branchville, Meherin Depot, Seaport, and Gareysburg, to Weldon, in North Carolina. From Powhatan to Smithville. From Prillaman's, by Greenville, to Rough and Ready Mills. From Princess Ann, in Maryland, by Newtown, Wagram, and New Church, to Horntown. From Red Bluff by Buffialo Ford, and Speedwell, to Blue Spring. From Republican Grove, by Meadville, to Halifax Court-House. From Richmond, by Black Heath, Hallsboro', The Union, Appomattox Depot, Winterham, Amelia Court-House, Jetersville, Jenning7s Ordinary, Burkesville, Green Bay, Moore's Ordinary, Drake's Branch, and Keysville, to Staunton River. From Richmond, by Chickahominy, Goodall's, Montpelier, Negro Foot, Etna, Locust Creek, Jackson, and Long Creek, to Frederickshall. From Richmond, by City Point, Swineyard, Williamsburg Landing, and Newport News, to N1orfolk. From Richmond, by Erin Shades, Coal Hill, Rockville, Johnson's Spring, Perkinsville, Gum Springs, Mitchell's Store, Shannon Hill, Be 11s Cross-Roaids, and Poindexter's Store, to Trevillian's Depot. IN THE STATE OF V11iRGINIA. 311 From Richmond, by Gregory's Tavern, Goode's Tavern, Winterpock, and Skin Quarter, to Amelia Court-House. Froml Richmond, by Hanover Court-House, to Junction. From Richmond, by Manchester Coal Mines, Hallsboro', Flint Creek, Powhatan, Macon, Ballsville, Cumberland Court-House, Langhorne's Tavern, and Raine's Tavern, to Farmville. From Richmond, by New Kent Court-House, Barhamsville, Burnt Ordinary, Williamsburg, Yorktown, and Half-Way House, to Hampton. From Richmond, by Old Church, Sharonville, Aylett's, Fleetwood Academy, and Miller's Tavern, to Tappahannock. From Richmond, by Proctor's Creek, to Petersburg. From Richmond, by Westham Locks, Beaver Dam, Loch Lomond, Pemberton, Cartersville, Columbia, New Canton, Seven Islands, Scottsville, Warren, Howardsville, Warminster, Hardwicksville, Tye River Warehouse, Allen's Creek, Galt's Mills, Selma, Lynchburg, Holcomb's Rock, Big Island, Balcom Falls, and Rock Point Mills, to Pattonsburg. From Richmond to West Point. From Rock Creek, by Mouth of Gilbert Creek, Little Halfs Creek, and Clearfield Fork of Sandy River, to Tazewell Court-House. From Rocky Mount, by Bonbrook, Cooper's, Cross-Roads, Chamblissburg, Emaus, Horeb, and Bunker Hill, to Liberty. From Rocky Mount, by Long Branch, and Cannaday Gap, to Floyd Court-House. From Rocky Mount, by Retreat, Simpson's, Long Branch, Little River, and Cannaday Gap, to Floyd Court-EHouse. From Rocky Mount, by Sydnorsville, Oak Level, Prillaman's, and Elamsville, to Patrick Court-House. From Rose's Mills to Temperance. From Ruckmansville, by Wade's Store, to Hunterville. From Rural Retreat to Clem's Branch. From Rye Valley, by Big Meadows, to Mouth of Wilson. From Rye Valley, by Two-Mile-Branch, Sinclair's Bottom, Love's Mills, Liberty lHall, Laurel, and Clark's Mills, to Abingdon. From Saint Tammany's to Joyceville. From Salem, by Cave Spring, to Jacksonville. From Salisbury, in North Carolina, by Maxville, Hamptonville, Jonesville, Island Ford, State Road, Roaring Gap, Gap Civil, and Independence, to Wytheville. From Scottsville, by Garland's North Garden, Batesville, and Yancey's Mills, to Greenwood Depot. From Shady Grove to Burnt Chimney. From Sharonville, by Acquinton, Piping Tree Ferry, and King Willi mn Court-House, to Lanesville. From Sharon, by Olympia, Chatham Hill, Broadford, and Saltville, to Abingdon. From Shawsville, up the south fork of Roanoke River, by Alleghany Spring, to Simpson's. From Shepherd's Grove, by Kellysville, and Brandy, to Culpeper Court-House. From Shiloh, by Paine's Store, Rock Springs, and Leedstown, to Faneswood. From South Quay, by Factory Hill, in North Carolina, and Holy Neck, to Somerton. From Sperryville to Robsonville. From Stanardsville, by Conrad's Store, and McGaheysville, to Harrisounburg. From Stanardsville, by Plunkett, to Harkstep's Store. From Staunton River, by Bentlysville, Scottsburg, Halifax CourtHo1use, Chlrch-Hill, Brooklyn, and Laurel Grove, to Danville. From Staunton, by Churchyvile, Jenning's Gap, Lebanon, White Sulphur Springs, McDowell, Monterey, Hlaveners Store, Traveller's Repose, and Huttonsville, t~ Beve~rly. 312 POST-ROADS. From Staunton, by Lexington, Sumner's, Natural Bridge, and Pattonsburg, to Fincastle. From Staunton, by Mint Spring, Greenville, Steele's Tavern, Canicello, Fairfield, and Timber Ridge, to Lexington. From Staunton, by West View, Deerfield, Green Valley, Bath Alum, Bath Court-House, Hot Springs, Miller's Mill, Morris Hill, Gallaghan's, and White Sulphur Springs, to Lewisburg. From Stevensville, by Wright and Lipscombe's Store, to King and Queen Court-House. From Stony-Creek Warehouse, by Parham's Store, and Coman's Well, to Sussex Court-House. From Summerfield, by Spring Valley, to Stephens Creek. From Surragy to Carter's Mill. From Swineyard to Charles City Court-House. From Swineyard to Waddell's Store. From Tappahannock, by Dunnsville Centre, Montaguels, Jamlaica, Church View, Urbana, Free Shade, Locust Hill, Saluda, Glenun's, and New Upton, to Gloucester Court-House. From Tappahannock to Warsaw.. From Taylorsville to Hanover Court-House. From Tazewell Court-House, by head of Clinch, Abb's Valley, and Tug River, to Ginseng. From Thaxton's, by Coonsville; and Sandy Ford, to Stewartsville, From Thompson's Cross-Roads, by Ambler Mills, to South Anna. From Tolersville to Cuckoo. From Trevillian's Depot to Green Springs. From Turkey Cove, by the Little Stone Gap, to the Big Glades. From Tye River Warehouse, by New Glasgow, Sandidge's, Buffalo Springs, Oronoco, and Buena Vista Furnace, to Lexington. From Vicker's Switch to Price's Fork. From Vienna to Fairfax Court-House. From Walker's Church, by Merryman's Shop, Harvey's Store, Red 7HouSe, and WVoodlawn, to Concord. From Warrenton, by New Baltimore, and Buckland, to Gainesville. From Warrenton, by Salem, Fauquier, and Oak Hill, to Paris. From Warrenton, by Warrenton Springs, and Jefrersonville, to Oak Shade. From Warsaw, by Durrettsville, Farnham, Litwalton, Lancaster Court-House, Kilmarnock, Wicomoco Church, Heathsville, Lottsbunrg, Union Village, Oldham's Cross-Roads, Kinsale, Hague, and Rice's Store, to Warsaw. From Warsaw, by Lyell's Store, MIontross, Rice's Store, Hague, and Kinsale, to Oldham's Cross-Roads. From Warsaw, by Rice's Store, Hague, Kinsale, Oldham's CrossRoads, Union Village, Lottsburg, Heathsville, Wicomoco Church, Kilmarnock, Lancaster Court-House, Litwalton, Farnham, and Durettsville, to Warsaw. From Washington, in District of Columbia, by Alexandria, Anandale, Fairfax Court-House. Centreville, Groveton, Beckhamsville, Walnut Branch, Saint Stephen's, Auburn, Warrenton, Warrenton Springs, Jeffersonton, and Rixeyville, to Oak Shade. From Washington, in District of Columbia, by Alexandria, Glyimont, Game Point, Fredericksburg, Guiney's, Aquia Creek, Milford, RButher Glen, Junction, Taylorsville, and Slash Cottage, to Richmond. From Washington, in District of Columbia, by Georgetown, Langley, Prospect Hill, Springrale, Dranesville, Belmont, Leesburg, Hamilton, Purcellsville, Snickersville, Castleman's Ferry, and Berryville, to Winchester. From Waterford, by Hoysville, to Lovettsville. From Water Liclk to Berner's Springs. From Wattsboro', byv B3arrys Bridge, and Drapersville, o Boydton, From Wa~vcrly Satiaotn1 to Dillmtt'ki B hWrf. IN THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA. 313 From West Fork Furnac(e, by Buffalo Mountains, Laurel Forks, 5Millville, nlld Ararat, to Moluit Airy. From West Point, by Shackelsford, to Saluda. F1'ron) West Point to Urbana. From West Point, by York River, to Norfolk. From Wilderness, by Locust Grove, and Verdierville, to Orange Court-House. From Williamsburg to Bigler's Mill. From VWillitamsIburg, by Yorktown, to the Grove Landing. Fromil William's Whart; by Green's Wharf, to North End. From Willow Spring to Nickellsville. FrIonJ WV ilson's Depot to Darville's. From Winchester, by Black Creek Valley, Capon Bridge, Hanging Rockl, and Pleasant Dale, to Romney. From Winchester to Capon Springs. From Winchester, by Gainesborough, and Bloomery, to Paw-Paw. From Winchester, by Mill Creek, Darkesville, Martinsburg, Hainesville, anti Falling Waters, to Williamsport, in Maryland. From Winchester, by Mount Vernon Tannery, Mountain Falls, Cedar Creek, Gravel Spring, and Capon Springs, to Wardensville. From Winchester, by Newton, Stephensburg, Middletown, Strasburg, Tom's Brook, Woodstock, Edinburgh, Mount Jackson, New Market, Spartapolis, Lacey Springs, Melrose, Harrisonburg, Mount Crawford, Moun;t Sidney, and Cline's Mill, to Staunton. From Winchester, by Nineveh. and Front Royal, to Manassas Gap. From Winchester, by -Stevenson's Depot, Dadesville, Brucetown, Summit Point, Charlestown, and Halltown, to Harper's Ferry. From Winchester to White Hall. From Wise Court-House, by Crane's Nest, and Power's Mill, to Holly Creek. From Wolf-Trap to Omega. From Woodstock, by Columbia Furnace, and Lost River, to Moorefield. From Woodstock to Mount Olive. From Wytheville, by Independence, to Salisbury, in North Carolina. From Wytheville, by Red Bluff and Grayson Sulphur Springs, to Grayson Court-House. From Wytheville, by Rural Retreat, Marion, Seven-Mile Ford, TownHouse, Glade Spring, Cedarville, Abingdon, Smith's Creek, Timber Grove, and Bristol, to Blountsville, i-n Tennessee. From Wytheville, by Sharon, Burke's Garden, and Perry7s Store, to Tazewell Court-HEouse. From Wytheville, by Speedwell, Elk Creek, Austin, and Cornell's Store, to Independence. From Yellow Branch, by Arnoldton, to Leesville. From Yorktown, by Friday, to Grove Landing. From Yorktown, by Halfway Court-House, and Warw ick Court-House to Yorktown. From Yorktown, by Hay's Store, Hickory Fork, Gloucester CourtHouse, and North End, to Matthews Court-House. IN THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA. West Virginia. From Arnoldsburg, by Knottsville, to Davison Atkin's, on Sandy 3 Aug., 1854, c. Creekl.'230, v: 10, pp. 408, From Arnoldsburg to the Three Forks of Sandy. 423. From Arnoldsburg to Webb's Mills. 271, v. 10, p. 5S9. From Baxraceksville, by Hoodsville, Gray's Flat, Basnettsville, and 3 March, 1855, c. Jalikes Run, to Blacksville. 211, v. 10, p. 706. From Beatty's Mills, down the south fork of Fishing Creek, and down l 1, 8 vg., 185, 1c7 Indian Creek, to Iipley's. 138. Fronn Berkley S'rings, y Smith's Cross.iRoadsi to Oaklanldn d 3 aMarch, 1857, c, trrim Birklte,, SpringUs tb Validy tills. 3' 314 POST-ROADS. 14 June, 1858, c. From Berkley Springs to Walling's Mills. 162, v. 11, pp. 360, From Beverly, by- Leadsville, Barker's Settlement, Burnesville, Phil. 27 Feb., 1861, c. lippi, Nelson, Overfield, and Grass, to Clarksburg. 57, v. 12, p. 166. From Board Tree, to Waynesburg, in Pennsylvania. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Boggsville, by Spring Creekl, to Running Spring. 55, v. 12, p. 664. From Boone Court-Honse to Ginseng. 30 June, 13 8,. 321. Frm Braxton Court-House, by Flatwood, Bull Town, Irelandi Ben14 March, 1866, c. nett's Mills, Collins' Settlement, and Bush's Mills, to Weston. 16, v. 14, p. 8. Froln Braxton Court-House, by Holly, Fork Lick, Stroud's Glades, 18 July, 1866, c. and Beaver Court-House, to Nicholas Court-House. 202, v. 14, p. 190. 26 July, 1866, c. From Braxton Court-House, by Holly, River, Middleport, Fork Lick, 267, v. 14, p. 282. Sand Run, Stroud's Glades, and Laurel Creek, to Braxton Court-House. 2 March, 1867, c. From Braxton Court-House, by Rocky Ca.mp, Birchtown, Big Otter, 191, r. 14, p. 555. and Newton, to Clendenin.:30 March, 1868I e. 35, v. 15, P. 54. From Brownstown, by Coalsburg, Clifton, the mouth of Loup Creek,'25 July, 1868, c. Jolnson's Mills, Laurel Creek, and Cassidy's Mills, to Fayette Court244, v. 15, p. 193. House. 3 March, 18(J9, c. From Brownstown to the Falls of the Kanawha. 131, v. 15, p. 333. 14,lly, 1870, c. From Buckannon, by French Creek, and Frenchton, to Bennett's 273, v. 16, p. 290. Mills. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Buckannon, by Harker's Creek, New Salem, West Milford Turn01, v. 16, p. 469. pike, Janelew, Kincheloe Creek to its head, and down the Greenbrier, 20 April, 1871 C. 28, v. 17, p. 18. to West Union. 16 Jan., 1872, c. From Buckannon, bv Valentine, Hinkle's Mill, Mary Hall's, Robert 6, v. 17, p. 27. Talbotts' Store, and Witmoth's Store, to Bealington. 14 May, 1872, c. From Buffalo, up Eighteen-Mile Creek, to Jackson Court-House. 159, v. 17, p. 115. 10 June, 1872, c. From Bufifalo, by Wilson Priddy's, John Hambrie's, and Benjamin 427, v. 17, p. 387. D1ay's, to Point Pleasant. 3 March, 1873, c. From Bulltown, by mouth of Oil Creek, to Glenville. 255, v. 16, pp. 97 From Cabell Court-House to Ashland. From Cabell Court-House, by Tudge's Creek, and Porter's Mill, to Hamlin. From Cameron, by Beeler's Station, to Wheeling. From Capon Bridge, by Cold Stream, to Bloomery. From Capon Bridge, by l)illon's Run, Smith's Gal)p, and North River Meeting-House, to Fabius. From Capon Bridge to Hook's Mills. From Cassville, up Sandy and Tug Fork Rivers, by William Rateliff's, Vinton's Store, Mouth of Pond, Dennis', Reed's, and Bartley Rose's, to Roark's Gap. From Castle, by Forks, John's Creek, Crosier's, and Peck's Mills, to Union. From Chapmanville, by Fall's Mills, and Cabell Court-House, to Guyandotte. From Chapmansville, by Mrs. Toney's, and Twelve Mile Creek, to Wayne Court-House. From Charlestown to Bell Creek Church.;From Charlestown, by Rippon, to Berryville. From Charlestown to Kabletown.;From Clarkesburg, by Bridgeport, Boothsville, Fairmount, Rivesville, Meredith's Tavern, Laurel Point, Amnissville, Morgantown, Uffington, Stewartstown, Ice's Ferry, Spring Hill Furnace, in Pennsylvania, Smithfield, and Moore's Cross-Roads, to Uniontown. From Clarksburg, by Grassland, Overfield, Melon, Phillippi, Barker's Settlement, and Leadsville, to Beverly. From Clarksburg, by Lumberport, to Shinnston. From Clarksburg, by Quiet Dell, Romine's Mills, Peel-Tree, Peck's Run, and Carper's Store, to Buckannon. From Clarkesburg, by Reynoldsville, New Salem, West Uinion, Greenwood, Pennsboro Scllhumnla, Goose Neck, and Stillwater, to Parkersburg. From C!arlksburg, by West Milford, Lost Creek, and Janelew, to Weston.l IN THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA. 315 From Claysville, by Fairview, to Grassland. Froll Clendenin, by Green Shoals, Porter's Creek, and Big Sycamore, ":, C )y Court-House. From (lcndleenin, by Valley of Sandy and Otter Creek, to Braxton Cournt-House. From Olintonville, by Big Creek, Snow Hill, and Fowler's Knob, to Nicholas Court- House. From Clintonville to Falling Spring. From Cold Strleam to North River Mills. From COoleman's Store, by Pond and Tucker's Creeks, to West CourtHouse. From Cotton's Store, by Knob Fork, Willow, and Randolph, to New Martinsville. From Cranberry Summit, by Gusemnan's Store, Brandonville, and HarrodIsburg, to Farmingdale, in Pennsylvania. From East River to Princeton. From Elm Grove to Dallas. From Evansville, by Fellowsville, Dunnelton, Kingwood, Allbright, Muddy Creek, Valley Point, Bruceton Mills, and Brandonville, to Somerfield. From Evansville, by Nestorville, and Glady Creek, to Phillippi. From Fairmont, by Farmington, Blackshires, Mannington, Beaty's Mills, Pine Grove, and Porter's Falls, to New Martinsville. From Fairmont, by Mill Falls, and Worthington, to Shinnston. From Fairmont, by Palatine, Sarietta, Pruntytown, Simpson's Creek, Pleasant Creek, Phillippi, Barker's Settlement, and Leadsville, to Beverly. From Fetterman to Saint Mary's. From Flat, Rock, by Elk Hill, Amelia Court-House, and Jetersville, to Deatonsville. From Flemington, by Fairview, Noah Smith's, and Fairfield, to Maxwell's Mills. From Florence, in Pennsylvania, by Cometsburg, and Fairview, to Wellsville, in Ohio. From the Forks of Fish Creek to Woodlands. From Fountain City to Arcadia. From Franklin, by Crab Bottom,? Monterey, and Wilsonville, to Bath Court-House. From Franklin, by Doe Hill, McDowell, Clover Creek, Williamsville, and Green Valley, to:MiElboro' Springs. From Franklin, by Oak Flat, and Mount Clinton, to Harrisonburg. From Franklin to Mount Freedom. From Freeport, by McKinney's, to Ritchie Court-House. From Freeport, by Newark, Wirt Court-House, Reedy Ripple, Zackville, and Sandy, to Jackson Court-House. From Frenchton, by Rock Cave, to Mingo Flats. From Gauley Bridge, by Big Sycamore, Marshall, and Clay CourtHouse, to Newton. From Gauley Bridge, by Colton Hill, Fayetteville, Loop, Raleigh Court-House, Shady Springs, Jumping Branch, Pack's Ferry, and Mouth of Indian, to Sulphur Springs. From German Settlement, by Western Ford, to Leadsville. From Girardstown to Glengary. From Girardstown, by Mill Creekl, Drakesville, and Arden, to Martinsburg. From Gladesville to Grundy. From Glengary, by Shokey's, to Unger's Store. From Glenville, by Cox's Mills, Bone Creek, Oxford, Lawson's Store, and White Oak, to Ritchie Court-House. From Glenville, by Townsend Mills, to Stout's Mills. Fromn Gratton to Bellington. From Gravel Hlill to Sweet Springs 316 POST-ROADS. From Grimm's Store to Selbyville. From Guyandotte, by Ainacetta, and Wayne Court-House, to Louisa, in Kentucky. From Guyandotte, by South Lanuding, and Savage Grant, to Catlettsburg, in Kentucky. From HEarrisonville to Bone Creek. From Holliday's Cove, by Freeman's Landing, and New Cumberlaud, to Fairview. Fiom Holly Meadows, by Black Fork, Pleasant Run, and Taylor's Mill] to New Interest. From:Hopkins' Store to Salt Sulphur Springs. Fromn- Huntersville to Bath Court-House. From Huntersville, by Marlin Bottom, Edray, Stony Creek, Oldfield, Fork of Elk, Big Spring, Mingo Flat, and Salina, to Huttonsville. From Huntington to Wayne Court-House. From Jackson Court-House, by Angerona, and Moore's Mills, to Apple Grove. From Jackson Court-House, by Deer Lick, Buffalo, Pliny, and Upland, to Mud Bridge. From Jackson Court-House, by Elk Fork of Mill Creek, to Walton. From Jacksbn Court-House, by Reedyville, and New California, to Henry's Fork. From Jandlew to W. H. Browning's. From Janelew, by Cookmian's Store, and Johnstown, to Romaine's Mills. From Janelew, by White's Store, Finlk's Creek, and the John Husk Settlement, to Troy. From Kanawha Court-House, by Briarport, to Peytona. From Kanawha Court-House, by Coalsmoutlh, Mount Salem, Mud. Bridge, and Cabell Court-House, to Guyandotte. From ]Kanawha Court-House, by Copenhagen's iMill, to Waltou. From Kanawha Court-House, by Jarrett's Ford, Clendenin, Walton, Henry's Fork, Arnoldsburg, and Steer Creek, to Glenville. From Kanawha Court-House, by Len's Creek, Peytona, Ballardsville, Hewettsville, and Chapmansville, to Logan Court-House. From Kanawha Court-House, by Mouth of Poca, Walnut Grove, Winfield, Red House Shoals, Buffalo, Frazier's Bottom, and Cologne, to Point Pleasant. From Kanawha Court-House, by Pocotaligo and Sissonville, to Jackson Court-House. - From Kanawha Court-House, by the Upper Falls of Coal River, Grif'fithsville, Hamlin, Falls of Guyandotte, and Adkinsville, to Wayne CourtHouse. From Kanawlha Saline to Lizemore's. From Kerneysville, by Leetown, to Middleway, From Kerneysville to Shepherdstown. From Ketterman's, by Mallow's Settlement, Swedlin Hill, Baker's Run, Oak Flat, Sugar Grove, and Palo Alto, to McDowell. From Kingwood, by Allbright, to Portland. From Kingwood, by Decker's Creek, to Morgantown. From Kingwood, by Salt Lick Falls, to German Settlement. From Laurel Creek, by Clear Fork, to Coal River. From Leading Creek to Glenville. From Lewisburg, by Blue Sulphur Springs, Raleigh Court-House, Wyoming Court-House, Logan Court-House, Chapmanville, and Falls of Guyand(otte, to Barboursville. From Lewisburg, by Brow nsville, Frankford, Maysville, Falling Spring, Little Level, Academy, and Mill Point, to HTuntersville. From Lewisburg, by Bunger's Mills, Clintonville, Meadow Bluff, Locust Lane, Pleasant Hill, Mountain Cove, Gauley Bridge, Painlt Creelk, Shrewsbury~ and Kanawha Salinue to sKanuawha Court-;House. IN THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA. 317 From Lewisburg, by Marshallsville, Blue Sulphur Springs, Rocky Hill, and Bowyer's Knob, to Fayetteville. From Logan Court-House, by Guyan River, Chapmanville, Falls Mills, and Cabell Court-EHouse, to Guyandotte. From Logan Court-House, by Rich Creek, Ginseng, and Coal River Marshes, to Raleigh. From Lost Creek, by Rockford, and Johnstown, to Peel Tree. From Lumberport, by TWallace, Shirley, and Ripley, to Middlebourne. From Luney's Creek, by Upper Tract, Mouth of Seneca, and Harper's Mills, to Crab Bottoms. From Mannington, by Bergamen, and Bessville, to Lumberport. From Mannington, by Eugenius Wilson's, to West Union. From Mann's Ferry to Union. From Maysville, by Cherry Bottom, to Brownsville. From Maysville, by Clintonville, and Kanawha Turnpike, to Scragg's. From Meadow Bluff, by Blue Sulphur Springs, Palestine, and Egypt, to Red Sulphur Springs. From Mercer Court-House to Princeton. From Meredith's Tavern, by Palestine, to Morgan's Ridge. From Mouse's, by HEinkle's Mills, Maltonfs, and Dunkle's, to Franklin. From Middlebourne, by Mouth of' Elkl, Fork Creek,' and Carise's School-House, to New Martinsville. From Middletown to Ellenboro'. From Miller's Ferry to Fayetteville.;From Moorfield, by Drakesville, Sweedlin Hill, Oak Flat, Sugar Grove, and Palo Alto, to McDowell. From Moorfield, by Howard's Lick, Barbadoesville, and Orkney Springs, to Mount Jackson. From Moorfield, by Lunefys Creek, and Upper Tract, to Franklin. From Morgantown, by Gladesville, and Racoon, to Evansville. From Morgantown, by Granville, Cassville, Prentiss, Blacksville, Wadestown, Jollytown, Ryerson's Station, Rock Valley, Fair Hill, and Wheeling Valley, to Wheeling. From Morgantown, by Granville, Dornicktown, Willow Tree, Carmichalsville, and Heisterburg, to Brownsville. From Morgantown, by Uffington, Clinton Furnace, and Gladesville, to Kingwood. From Morgantown, by White Day, and Glades, to Fetterman. From Moundsville, by Fork Ridge, Long Bottom, Fish Creek, and Knob Fork, to Pine Grove. From Mount Hebron to Mouth of Seneca. From Mountain Cove, by Kessler's Cross-Lane, Nicholas Court-House, and Birch River, to Braxton Court-House. From Mud Bridge to Ballardsville. From Muddy Creek, by Greensburg, Cranesville, Old Lang Run, and Accident, to Addison, in Maryland. From New California, by William Gandee's, Elijah Leforce's, and New Kentuck, to Sissonville. From New California to Ravenswood. From New Creek Depot, by Greenland, and Laurelton, to Petersburg. From New Martinsville, by Fanlight, Packsaddle, Carneys, Groby's Mills, and Forks of Fish River, to Fish Creek. From New Milton to Oxford. From Newport, by Salt Pond, Weisiger's, and Brown's, to Salt Sulphur Springs. From New Salem, by New Milton, Sugar Grove, and Oxford, to Hlarrisville. From Nicholas Court-House, by Peter's Creek, Jerry's Fork, Twenty MTile Creek, Bound Tree Fork. Leaitherwood, Elk River, and Big Sandy, to Clenden i Run. Frlom North Mountain, by Hedgesville, and Tomahawk Springs, to Jones' Springs. 318 POST-ROADS. Fromn North Mountain, by Clear Spring, in Maryland, and Clay Lick Hall, to Mercersburg, in Pennsylvania. From North River Mills to Slanesville. From Oakland to Homeland. From Oil Rock to Rathbone. From Pack's Ferry, by Pipe Stem, and Burnt Mountain, to Princeton. From Parkersburg, by Belleville, Murraysville, Ravenswood, Pleasant View, Moore's Mills, and Angerona, to Jackson Court-House. From Parkersburg, by Belpre, in Ohio, Little Hocking, Hockingport, Belleville, Long Bottom, in Ohio, Graham's Station, Pomeroy, Sheffield, West Columbia, Cheshire, in Ohio, Guthrie's, Point Pleasant, Gallipolis, in Ohio, Raccoon Island, Hereford's, South New Castle, in Ohio, Swan Creek, Green Bottom, Millersport, in Ohio, Quaker Bottom, Guyandotte, Savage Grant, Burlington, in Ohio, Catlettsburg, in Kentucky, Green's Store, in Ohio, Coal Grove, Amanda, in Kentucky, Ironton, in Ohio, Hanging Rock, French Grant, Greenup Court House, in Kentucky, Franklin Furnace, in Ohio, Wheelersburg, Sciotaville, Springville, in Kentucky, Portsmouth, in Ohio, Friendship, Rockville, Vanceburg, in Kentucky, Rome, in Ohio, Concord, in Kentucky, and Manchester, in Ohio, to Maysville, in Kentucky. From Parkbrsburg, by Briscoe Run, and Duncan, to Marietta in Ohio. From Parkersburg, by Buena Vista, Wells, and Sandy, to Jackson Court-House. From Parkersburg, by Davisville, Freeport, Webb's Mills, Cox's Mills, Heckert's Mills, L eading Creek, Cla.y's Point, Weston, Lorentz Store, Buckannon, Overhill, and Middlefbrk, to Beverly. From Parkersburg, by Fountain Spring, Wirt Court-House, Burning Springs, Big Bend, Pine Creek, and De Kalb, to Glenville. From Parkersburg, by the Ohio River, to Portsmouth, in Ohio. From Parkersburg, by Valley Mills, to Bull Creek. From Patterson's Depot, by Frankfort, Sheetz's Mills, Burlington, Williamsport, Ridgeway, and McNeman's Cross-Roads, to Luney's Creek. From Peerysville, by Clear Fork, to Tug River. From Peerysville to Grundy. From Peerysville to Jeftersonville. From Peerysville to John D. Payne's, on Bradshaw Creek. From Pennsborough to Cox's Mills. From Pennsborough to Henry Fings'. From Pelinsborough to North Bend. From Pennsborough, by Saint Mary's, to Ritchie Court-House. From Pennsborough, by Saint Mary's and Newport, to Marietta in Ohio. From Peterstown, by Gap Mills, to Sweet Springs. From Peterstown, by Shandakin's Ferry, and Mercer Salt Works, to Princeton. From Petroleum, by California House, and Oil Rock, to Running Springs. From Pickaway Plains, by Rocky Point, Wolf Creek, Snopesville, and Patuck's Peak, to Cedar Grove. From Piedmont, by Paris, and Millwood, to Winchester. From Pine Grove, by Bowman's Mills, and Adaline, to Moundsville. From Pleasant Dale, by Newport, to Smith's Gap. From mouth of Poca to Ransom's. From Point Pleasant, by the Clarksburg road, to Jackson CourtHouse. From Point Pleasant, crossing the Kanawha River, and down through Mercer's Bottom, on the Ohio River, to Hereford's, thence by Up)land, to Mud Bridge. From Point Pleasant, by Pleasant Flat, and Salisbury, to Pomeroy, in Ohiio. IN THE STATE-OF WEST VIRGINIA. 319 Froin Pomeroy, in Ohio, by Minersville, Graham's Station, and Letart Falls, to Apple Grove. Fromn Princeton to Ginseng. From Princeton, by Jordan's Chapel, to county-seat of Summer County. From Princeton, by Spanishburg, and Flat-Top, to Shady Spring. From Princeton to Wytheville. From Pruntytown to Meadland. From Putnam Court-House, by Hurricane Bridge, and Sycamore Grove, to intersect the route from Kanawha Court-House, to Wayne Court-House, at Hamlin. From Raccoon, by White Day, to Glades. From Railroad, near Dam No. 6, on the Potomac, to Clabaugh's Mills. From Raleigh Court-House, by Big Cole, and Boone's Mills, to Peytona. From Raleigh to McDowell. From Raleigh to Stretch?s Neck. From Rathbone, by Richardsonville, and Lynch's Mills, to Arnoldsburg. From Red Creek to Mouth of Seneca. From Red Sulphur Springs, by Salt Wells, to Princeton. From Reed's Mills to Wilson M. Haymond's. From Rich Creek, by Island Creek, Gilbert Creek, and Beach Creek, to the mouth of Pond Creek. From Ripley to North Bend Mills. From Ritchie Court-House to Bone Creek. From Ritchie Court-House, by Thomas Gaff's, Jonathan Bissess', and George Fling's, to De Kalb. From Rockcastle, by Kendrick Spur, to Meadows of Dan. From Rock Cave, by Hacker's Valley, to Webster Court-House. From Romney, by Burlington, Ridgeville, New Creek, New Creek Depot, Winston, North Branch Bridge, German Settlement, Cheat Bridge, Fellowsville, Evansville, Three Forks, Pruntytown, and Bridgeport, to Clarksburg. From Romney, by Purgitsville, to Moorfield. From Romney, by Springfield, to Green Spring Run. Froln Roncevert to Lewisburg. From Rowlesburg, by Buffalo and Wolf Creeks, up Cheat River, to the point on the Dry Fork of said river, where the route from Beverly crosses said Dry Fork of Cheat River. From Russell's Mills, by Sylvan Mills, to Saint Mary's. From Russellville, by Spring Vale, James Tally's Ford, Driscoll's, and Evan's Cross-Roads, to Parrottsville. From Sago to Huttonsville. From Saint Mary's to Hebron. From Shepardstown, by Sharpsburg, in Maryland, and Keedysville, to Boonsboro'. From Sissonville to Walton. From Sistersville, by Middlebourne, and Shirley, to New Salem. From Sistersville, by Middlebourne, Wick, Hebron, and Highlands, to Schamla. From Sistersville, by Twiggs, to Hebron. From Skin Creek to Frenchton. From Slanesville to South Branch Depot. From Spencer to Three Forks of Sandy. From Stewartstown, by Stafford Court-House, to Railroad. From Stump's Store to Braxton Court-House. From Sulphur Springs to Alderson's. Fromn Sutton to Clay Court-House. From Sweet Springs, by Gap Mills, to Union. From Sweet Springs to Simmonlsville. Fromn Sweet Springs to Stephen Hook's. 320 POST-ROADS. From Toll Gate, on the Northwestern Turnpike, to Sistersville.:From Townsend's Mills to Braxton. From Townsend's Mills, by Butcher's Run, German Settlement, and the Head of Little Otter Creek. to Braxton Court-House. From Traveller's Repose, by Green Bank, and Dunmore, to Huntersville. From Trout's Hill, by Warfield, in. Kentucky, and Pigeon Creek, to Logan Court-House. From the mouth of Twenty-Mile Creek, connecting with Gauley Bridge, and Newton route; thence up Ball Creek, to head of Pond Gap Fork; thence with the county road to Morris Fork of Blue Creek; thence down said Fork to Main Blue Creek; thence down said Main Blue Creek, to Mrs. Slack's; thence wlth the county road to the gap above Campbell7s Creek; thence up the Kanawha River, to the Karawha Saline. From Upland, by Butler's Mills, Bicker's Store, and Howell's Mills, tG Cabell Court-House. From Upper Falls of Cool River to Peytona. From Upper Tract, by Mallon's, and Harpold's Run, to Oak Flat. From Upshur Court-House, by Beachtown, French Creek, Walkersville, Cunuingham's, Alexander Skinner's, Oil Creek, and Little Kanawha River, to Gilmer Court-House. From Upshur Court-House, by French Creek, Walkersville, Collins Settlement, and Forks of Oil Creek, along the Little Kanawha River, to Gilmer Court-House. From Union to Mann's Ferry. From Valley Head to Addison. From Valley Head, by Webster Court-House, to Summerville. From Walkersville, Jacksonville, and Benjamin W. Haymound's Store, to Gilmer Court-House. From Wardensville, by Baker's Run, and Fabius, to Moorfield. From Wardensville to Columbia Furnace. From Wardensville, through Trout Run Valley, by Hanna, to Liberty Furnace. From Wellsburg, by Bethany, to West Alexandria, in Pennsylvania. From West Columbia, by Cedar Flats, Upper Flats, and Letart Falls. to Jackson Court-House. From Western Ford, by Laurel Hill, to Glady Creek. From West Milford, by Kinchelon Creek, to Collwater. Fromn West Milford, by New Milton, to Oxford. From Weston, by Beall's Mills, and Batton's Mills, to mouth of Sand Fork Creek. From Weston, by Fink's Creek, and New Milton, to West Union. From Weston to Fork Lick. From Weston, by Keysville, and J. W. Marple's, to Burnersville. From Weston, by Little Skin Creek, Big Skin Creek, Bennett's Mills, Ireland, Bulltown, Salt Lick Bridge, and Flatwood's, to Braxton CourtHouse. From Weston to Phillippi. From WVeston, by the Weston and Gauley Bridge Turnpike Road, to Gauley Bridge. From West'Union, by Roash's, and Letart Falls, to Moore's Mills. From West Union, by Stine Spring Mills, Oxford, and Culp's Store, to Webb's Mills. From West, Warren to Cotton's Store. lFrom Wheeling, by Bellaire, in Ohio. Moundsville, Dill's Bottom, in Ohio, Captina, Powhatan Point, Woodlands, Sun-Fish, in Ohio, Proctor, Baresville, in Ohio, New Martinsville, Sardis, il Olhio, Wittens, Sistersville, Cochran's Landing, in Ohio, Grand View, Ostend, Grape Island. Saint Mary's, Newport, in Ohio, Willow island, Bull Creek, -Marietta, in Ohio, Duncan, Hartmer, in Ohio, allnd Briscoe Run, to Parlkersbnrg. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN. 321 From Wheeling, by Dallas, West Finley,, Harvey's, Waynesburg, Kirby, Mount M5[orris, and Granville, to Morgantown. From Wheeling, by Mount Pleascant, and Hoopedale, in Ohio, to Carrollton, in Ohio. From Wheeling, by West Liberty, to Bethany. From White Sulphur Springs, by Anthony's Creek, to Rucker's Repose. From Wild Cat, to Middleport. From Williamsport, or Duncan, intersect the Parkersburg aud Baltimore mail-route at the junction of the WNTilliamsport and Northwestern Turnpike, sixteen miles east of Parkersburg. From Williarmsport to Moorefield. From Wylliesburg, by Otter Hill, Medon, Gregory's Store, and Thomas Gregory's, to Boydton. From Wilsonburg to West Union. From Winfield to Scott Depot. FI'rom Wirt Court-House, by Burning Spring, Big Bend, Pine Creek, and De KZalb, to Glenville. From Wirt, Court-House, by Lee's Mills, Reedy Ripple, and Three Forks of Reedy, to Reedyville. From WVoodland to Fairview. From Zackville, by Elizabeth, Forks of Reedy Creek, and M. D. W.X Boggs', to New California. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN. Wisconsin. From Alma to Coral City. From Amherst to Stevens' Point. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Appleton, by Centre, and Ellington, to Bovina. 230, v. 10, pp. 522, From Appleton, by Freedom, to Osborn. 3 rc, 1, c. Shawanaw.3 March, 1855, C. From Appleton, by Centre, to Shaw1ana. 21, v. 10, p 710. From Appleton to Wapaco. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Arcadia, by Burnside and Hale, to Sumner. 168, v. 11, p. 138. From Arcadina by HIome, to Winona, in. Minnesota. 3 March, 1857, c. 109, v. 11, pp. 237, From Argyle, by Yellow Stone, to Mineral Point. 238. From Avoca, by Clyde, to Dodgeville. 14 June, 1858, c. From Avoca, by Highland, and Linden, to Mineral Point. 162, v. 11, pp. 361, From Aztalan, by Jefferson, Fort Atkinson, and Koskonhong, to 362. 27 Feb:, 1861, c. Milton. 57, v. 12, p. 167. From Bad Axe City to Reedsburgh. 2 Junle, 1862, C. From Baily Harbor to Egg Harbor. 95, v. 12, p. 419. 24 Feb., 1863, c. F'rom Baldwin's MIills to Little WFolf. 24 Fe., 1863,. 55, v. 12, p. 664. From Baldwin's Mills to Ogdensburg. 30 June, 1864, c. From Baraboo. by Reedsburg, to La Crosse. 175, v. 13, pp. 320, From Barton to Billmaul's Corners. 321. From Barton to Eckel's Corners. 3 March, 1865, c. 104, v. 13, p. 525. From Barton, by Wayne, to Theresa. 14 March, 1866, c. From Barton to Young America. - 16, v. 14, p. 8. From Bavfield to Ashland. 18 July, 1866, c. From Bayfield to Chippewa Falls. 20 July, 1866,9. From Bayfield to Superior. 267, v. 14, p. 285. From Bay Hill to Elkhorn. 2 March, 1867, c. From Beaver Dam, by Newtown, to Alto. 191, v. 14, p. 555. From Beaver Dam, by Wyocena, to Dekorra. 30 March5, 1868 c. From Beetown to Cassville. 25 July, 1868, c. From Beetown, by Hurricane Grove, Potosi, Dickeyville, Jamestown, 244, v. 15, p. 193. and Fairplay, to Galena, in Illinois. 3 March, 1869, c. From Bellville, by New Glaurus, to Monticello. 131 v.15, p. 33 10 April, 1869, c. From Belmont to Fennimnore. 30, v. 16, p. 50. Frolll Beloit, by Avon, Clarence, and Jutlda, to Maonroe. 5 March, 187'0, c. From Beloit, by Inlallsville, Spring Valley, Hoosilek, Albany, Attica, 22, V. 16, p. 75. Morefiell, Monticello, Tannner's Grove, Willht, Argyle, Fayette, and 14 July, 1870, c.. Georgetown, to Mineral Point. R: S IIT —21 322 -POST-ROADIS. 273, v. 16, pp. 290, From Berlin, by Harrisville, to Neshkoro. From Berlin, by Nesbkoro, Dakota, and Richford, to Coloma. 101, v. 16, p. 469. From Berlin, by Seneca, Neshkoro, and Shields, to AMontello. 16,Jai., 1872, c. From Berlin to Stevens' Point. 6, v. 17, p. 27. From Berlin, by Willow Creek, Poy Sippi, Pine River, Cedar Lake, 14 May, 1872, C. and Lind, to Wanpaca. 159, v. 17, p. 115. 10 Jiojue 187, C. PFrom Black River Falls, by Alma Centre, to Eau Claire. 427, v. 17, p. 387. From Black River Falls, by Augusta, to Chippewa Falls. 3 March, 1873, c. From Black River Falls, by Clear Water, Middle Mills, Ogally, Rush 25,. 17 p. 596. River, and Hudson, to Stillwater. Froii Black River Falls to Neilsville. From Bloonfield, by Genoa, Richmond, Ringwood, in Illinois, McHenry, Forksville, Gilmer, and Long Grove, to Deer Grove. From Brookfield Centre, bv Pewaukee, Hartland, Okauchee, and Oconomowoc, to Watertown. From Buffalo City to Augusta. From Burlington, by Vienna, Honey Creek, and East Troy, to Troy Centre. From Blue River Station to Port Andrew. From Cambria to Kingston. From Casco to Dykesville. From Cassville, by Beetown, Lancaster, New California, and Mifflin, to Mineral Point. From Cassville, by North Andover, to Bloomington. From Ceresco, by Dartford, Princeton, Harrisville, Westfieldl, Grand Marsh, through the valley of Lemonwier, and down L'a Crosse Valley, to La Crosse. From Ceresco, by Dartford, Princeton, Montello, Packwaukee, and Oxford, to Marston. From Chilton, by Bachelor Schoolhouse, Potter's Mills, Duell's Mills, Brillion, and Holland, to Wrightstown. From Chilton, by Rantoul, and Brillion, to Wrightstown. From Chippewa City, by Chippewa Falls, Eau Claire Mills, Eau Galle, and North Pepin, to Reed's Landing, in Minnesota. From Chippewa Falls, by Bloomer, Cook's Valley, and Eighteen Mile Creek, to Menominee. From Chippewa Falls to Flambeau Farm. From Chippewa Falls, by Island Lake, to Superior. From Chippewa Falls, by Penoka Range, to Ashland. ~From Columbus, by Elba, and Lowell, to Oak Grove. From Columbus, by Fall River, Paradise Grove, East Randolph, and Shawanaw, to Marquette. From Columbus, by Hampden, Lodi, and West Point Centre, to Clifton. From Columbus, by Waterloo, to Jefferson. From Cottage Grove, by Door Creekl, to Kroghville. From Cottage Grove, by Nora, to Deerfield. From Darien, by WVeed's Corners, Richmond, and Utter's Corners, to Whitewater. From, Devello, by Oaks, and Ironton, to Baxraboo. From De Forestville Station to Norway Grove. From Dekorra to Baraboo. From Dells by Packwaukee, Roxo, Montello, and Nahmakum, to Princeton. From Diamond Bluff to Ellsworth. From Diamond Bluff to Trim Belle. From Dodgeville, by James's Mills, Winm. S. Bean's and Booth Hollow, to Avoca. Fromr Door Cree to Lae Mills. From Dunleitli, in Illinois, to Platteville. lFrom Dunleith, in Illinois, by Potosi, to Lancaster. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN. 323 From Dunleith, in Illinois, by Potosi, Waterloo, Cassville, Charlotte. Bllunker Hill, Beaufil, and Patch Grove, to Prairie du Chien. From Dupont to Pella. Frlnm Durand, by Wanbeck, Duunsville, Downsville, Menomonee, Cedar Falls, Eighlteen-Mile Creek, RuInning Valley, Cook's Valley, and Bloomer's Prairie, to Chippewa Falls. From Dycksville, by Brussels, to:Nasewaupee. Fron Eagle, by Eagleville, Troy Lake, Troy Centre, Adams, La Grange, Little Prairie, and Bullion, to Eagle. From Eaton to Kiel. From Ean Claire, by northeast corner section twenty-seven, near Ettinges, to Alma. From Ean Claire, by Rock Creek, Bear Creek, Little Bear Creek, and Buftfalo Prairie, to Almla. From Ean Claire, by Rock Falls, Luna, Durand, and Nelson, to Wabasba, in Minnesota. From Eau Claire to Waukesha. From Eau Galle Mills, by Lower and Middle, to Upper Menomonee Mills. From Edgerton, by Albion, and Busseyville to Fort Atkinson. From El Paso, to Menomonee. From Ephraimn to North Bay. From Ephraim to Washington Harbor. From Escanaba, by Bay de Noquet, in Michigan, and Mlackinaw, to Sault de Ste Marie. From Excelsior, by Brady7s, to Sylvanus. From Fairplay, i)y Hazle Green, Benton, and New Diggings, to White Oak Springs. From Fall River, by Courtland, Cambria, and Randolph Centre, to Kingston. From Falls of Saint Croix, to Bayfield, in Minnesota. From Falls of Saint Croix to La Pointe. From Fayette to Darlington. From Fond du Lac. by Avoca, Oakfield, Le Roy, Farmersville, Maysville, Iron Ridge, Neosho, Ashippun, and Monterey, to Oconomowoc. From Fond du Lac, by Friendship, Blackwolf, Oslhkosh, Vinland, Groveland, and Neenah, to Menasha. From Fond du Lao, by Foster, and Waucousta, to Cascade. -From Fond du Lac, by Ladoga, Fair Water, Mackford, TichoraC and Grand Prarie, to Kingston. From Fond du Lac, by Rosendale, Green Lake, Tichora, Grand Prairie, Marquette, Kingston, Rock Hill, and Pigeon Grove, to Portage City. 1From Fond du Lac, by Rosendale, Ripon. Ceresco, and Dartford, to Princeton. From Fond du Lac, by Rush Lake, Berlin, Spring Lake, Silver Lake, Wautoma, Almond, and Buena Vista, to Plover. From Fond du Lac, by Tacyheedah, Calumet Village, Pequot, Stockbridge, Dundas, and Wrightstown, to Green Bay. From Fort Atkinson, by Cold Spring, aWhite Water, Heart Prairie, Sugar Creek, and Elk Horn, to Geneva. Flrom Fort Atkinson, by Oakland, Christiana, and Utica, to Stoughton. From Fort Howard to IFlintville. From Fort Howard to Stiles. From Fountain City to Maxville. From Fountain City, by Waubeek, and Menomonee, to St. Croix Falls. From Fox Lake, by Shoennalka, Kingston, and Long'Laike, to Montello. From Freemran to Lower Linxville. From Galesville, by Frenchville, and Ettick, to Black River Falls. 324 POST-RlOADS.:Froln Ga esville to North Bend. From Garden Valley, by Augusta, to Ean Claire. From Gower's Ferry, in Iowa, by Springdale, to West Liberty. From Glendale to Hillsboro'. From Goole to Hillsborol. From Grafton, by Young Hickory, Cedar Creek, Hartford, and Rubicon, to Neosho. From Grovesville, by Rantoul, and Potter's Mills, to Kasson Port. From Green Bay to Eau Claire. From Green Bay, by New Franklin, to Kewaunee. From Green Bay, by New Lolldon, StevenS? Point, Neilsville, and Augusta, to Eau Claire. From Green Bay, by Oconto, and Clarksville, to Marinette. From Green Bay, by Oneida, Freedom, Lansing, Ellington, Hortonville, Thompson's Mills, Mukwa, Wanpaca, and Hanover, to Plover. From Green Bay, by Oneida%, and Lansing, to Appleton. From Green Bay, by Red River, and Lincoln, to Ahrapee. From Green Bay to Shawanaw. From Green Bay to Sturgeon Bay. From Green Bay, by Suamico, to Little Suamico. From Green Bay to Wausau. From Green Bay, by Wrightstown, Kaukauna, and Appleton, to Men asha. From Green Bush, by Armstrong's Corners, Dundee, New Prospect, and Eble's Mills, to Barton. From Green Lake, by Lenape, to Marquette. From Groutsburg to Trade Lake. From Hale's Corners to Union Grove. From H[ayward's to Danville. From Hazel Green, by Mecker's, North Elk Grove, and' Bethel, to Cottage Inn. From Helena, by Wyoming Valley, and Otter Creek, to Highland. From Highland, by Wallace, Richland City, and Sextonville, to Richland Centre. From Hixton, by Pole Grove, to Houghtonburg. From Hudson to Prescott. From Hudson, by River Falls, Forestville, and Seely's, to North Pepin. From Hudson, by River Falls, and Rush River, to North Pepin. From Hudson. by Saint Joseph, Boardman, Apple River Bridge, Cylon, Erin Prairie, and Hammond, to Warren. From IHudson to Saint Paul. From Humburd to Staffordsville. From Iolat, by New Hope, Sharon's, and Hull, to Stevelns Point. From J1anesville, by Bachelor's Grove, Spring Valley, Decatur, Nevada, Monroe, Wiota, Shullsbnrg, White Oak Springs, and Council Hill, in Illinois, to Galena. From Janesville to Beloit. From Janesville, by Centre, Magnolia, Albany, Attica, Exeter, New Glarus, Bem, and Turkey Grove, to Mineral Point. From Janesville, by Feotsa, Albion, Christiana, Cambridge, Deerfield, Hanchetville, and York, to Columbus. From Janesville to Monroe. From Janesville, by North Janesville, Fulton, and Albion, to Christiana. From Juneau, by Oak Grove, and.Lowell's, to RLeeseville. From Kenosha, by Bristol, Salem, Wheatland, Geneva, Geneva Bay, Walworth, Sharon, Allen's Grove, Summnerville, and Clinton, to Beloit. Flrom Kenosha, by Kossuth, Liberty, Wilmot, and English Prairie, to Richmnond, in Illinois. From Kenosha, by Marion, Paris, and Brighton, to Burlington. From Kenosha to Somers. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSiN. 325 From Kenosha, by South Bristol, and Cypress, to Antioch, in Illinois. From Kewaunee to Sturgeon Bay. From La Crosse, by Brownsville, Sheldon, Dedhamn, Preston, Carimona, Forestville, Spring Valley, Frankfort, Austin, Sumner, and Albert Lea, to Winnebago, in Minnesota. From La Crosse, by Chaseburg, Enterprise, and Springville, to Viroqua. From La Crosse, by Galesville, and Pigeon Creek, to Eau Claire. From La Crosse, by Lake Hokah, San Jacinto, Houston, Rushford, Chatfield, and High Forest, to Mankato, in Minnesota. From La Crosse, by Mount Pisgah, and Dorset, to Mill Haven. From La Crosse to Onalaska. From La Crosse, by Onalaska, and Mindoro, to Black River Falls. From La Crosse to Portage. From Lake Mills, by Milbford, and Aztalan, to Jefferson. From Lancaster, by Annaton, to New California, in Wisconsin. From Lancaster, by Beetown, and Charlotte, to Wyalusing. From Leadsville, by Job Triplett's, and Thomas S. White's, to the lMouth of Seneca.: From Lime Rock to Seymour. From Litchfield, by Mount Kingston, Dryfork, Old Ripley, Pocahontas, New Hillsboro7, and JamestowDn, to School Creek Station. From Little Sturgeon Bay to Brussels. From Lone Rock, by Bear Creek, Sandusky, Ironton, Lavalle, and Summit, to Maugh's Mill. From Lone Rock to Ironton. From Lodi to Prairie du Sac. From Madison. by Albany, Spring Grove, and Rock Grove, to Freeport, in Illinois. From Madison, by Arlington, Dekorra, and Oshaukutta to Portage City. From Madison, by Arena, to Prairie du Chien. From Madison, by Berk, Windsor, Leeds, Lowville, Rocky Run, and Wyocena, to Portage City. From Madison, by Black Earth, Arena, Richland City, Sextonville, Richland Centre, Fancy Creek, and Viroqua, to Prairie La Crosse. From Madison, by Cross Plains, Dover, Black Earth, Arena, Reeville, Helena, and Wyoming, to Dodgeville. From Madison, by Fitchburg, Oregon, Rutland, Union, Osborn, and Leyden, to Janesville. From Madison, by Hampden, East Hampden, Fountain Prairie, Courtland, Paradise Grove, Alto, Black Hawk, Metomen, and Brighton, to Oshkosh. From Madison, by Lake View, Ancient, Sloughton, Dunkirk, and Fulton Station, to Milton. From Madison, by Lodi, and Collamer, to Baraboo. From Madison, by Middleton, Pine Bluff, Blue Mound, Ridgeway, Dodgeville, Mineral Point, Cottage Inn, Platteville, Benton, Hazel Green, and Vinegar Hill, in Illinois, to Galena. From Madison, by Montello, Daklota and Wautoma, to Vaupaka Falls. From Madison, by Pleasant Branch, Ashton, Dane, and Roxbury, to Sank City. From Madison, by Stoner's Prairie, Grand Spring, Belleville, Exeter, and Monticello, to Monroe. From Madison, by Sun Prairie, Eolia, and Columbus, to Beaver Dam; From Madison, by Verona, Spring Dale, Primrose, Farmer's Grove, Walnut Spring, and Argyle, to Wiota.. Froml Maiden Rock to Brookvrille. From Maiden Rock, by Ell Paso, and H[ammondville, to Falls of Saint Croix. From Manitowoc to Chiltou. 326 POST-R.OADS. Fromll Manitowoc, by Menasha, Wakefield, Medina, and Greenwood, to Waupaca. From Manston, by Wonewoc, and Hillsboro', to Viroqua.:From Marinette, by Cedar Fork, and Escanaba, to Carp River. From Marinette, by Keweenaw, Portage Entry, Clifton, Eagle River, Eagle Harbor, and North West Mine, to Fort Wilkins. From Maugh's Mills, by Wonewoc, and Hillsborough, to Vingna. From Mazo Manie, by West Blue Mounds, and Moscow, to Green's Prairie. From Mill Haven, by Forbes Valley, Dorset, Wilton, Wellington, and Moore's Creek, to Sparta. From Milton to Janesville. From Mailwaukee, by Auburn, to Fond du Lac. From Milwaukee, by Butler, Marcy, Lisbon, Sussex, Merton, Monches, Tolland's Prairie, Neosho, and Hustisford, to Juneau. From Milwaukee, by Good Hope, Mequon River, Cedarburg, Grafton, Sackville, Ozaunlee, Cedar Grove, Gibbville, Sheboygan Falls, and Howard Grove, to Sheboygan. Fromt Milwaukee, by Granville, Menomonee Falls, Meeker, Schleisingerville, Addison, Theresa., Lomira, and Byron, to Fond du Lac. From Milwaukee, by Greenfield, New Berlin, Prospect Hill, Vernon, Mukwonago, East Troy, Troy, Sugar Creek, Millard, Richmond, Johnstown, Johnstown Centre, and Rock Prairie, to Janesville. From Milwaukee, by New Keoln, to Paynesville. From Milwaukee, by Ozaukee, to Sheboygan. From MIilwaukee, by Root Creek, Muskego Centre, Big Bend, Caldwell's Prairie, East Troy, Troy, and La Fayette, to Spring Prairie. From Milwaukee, by Root Creek, Muskego, Denoon, Norway, Waterford, Rochester, Burlington, and Lyons, to Geneva. From Milwaukee, by WTauwatosa, Ellen Grove, Brookfield Centre, Brookfield, Forest House, Waukesha, Genesee, North Prairie Station, Eagle, Palmyra!, White Water, Milton, Fulton, and Stoughton, to Madison. From Menasha, by Stockbridge, Lynn, Stantonville, New Holstein, and Elkhart, to Plymouth. From Menasha, by Wakefield, Ellington, Greenville, and Hortonville, to Sbawanaw. From Menasha, by Waupaka, to Plover, on the Wisconsin River. }From Menomonee to Erin. From Menomonee, by New Haven, and Fleming, to Erin Corners. From Menomonee to Sheridan. From Menomonee, by Sheridan, to John Quarter's. From Menomonee, by Washburn Farm, and Pine Creek, to John Quarter's Camp, in section twenty-eight, township thirty-four, range twelve east. From. Mineral Point, by Argyle, to Monroe. From Mineral Point to Blanchardville. Froml Mineral Point, by Darlington, and Avon, to Shullsburg. From Mineral Point, by Dodgeville, Helena, Spring Green, Honey Creek, and Westfield, to Reedsburgh. Fromn Mineral Point, by Elk Grove, Benton, and New Diggings, to Galena, in Illinois. From Mineral Point, by Linden, Constance, Highland, Tulaskee, Muscoda, and Orion, to Richland Centre. From Mineral Point, by Linden, Highland, Richland Centre, Richland Court-House, Reed's MIills, Viroqua, Bad Axe Court House, Springville, La Crosse, Onalaska, nMindoro, Albion, Black River Falls, Jackson Court-House, Gage's Mills, Chippewa Falls, Chippewa CourtHIouse, Ea Galle Mills, Willow River, Wise, and Stillwater, to Saint PauLl, in Minnesota. Forom Mineral Point, by Linden, andl Mlontfort, to Highland. From Mineral Point, by Orion, to R.iehiandl Centre. IN THIE STATE OF WiISCONSIN. 327 From Mineral Point, by Willow Springs, D)arlington, and Gratiot, to Warren, in Illinois. From Mineral Point, by Willow Springs, Darlington, Wiota, Jordon, MTonroe, Montezuma, Spring Grove,: Tyler, in Illinois, and Burritt, to Rockford. From Minneska, in Minnesota, to Augusta. From Mishicot, by Franklin, Montpelier, Casco, Ahnapee, Clay Bankl;s and White Fish Bay, to Bailey's Harbor. From Monroe City, by Cadiz, and WVinslov, in Illinois, to Warren, in Illinois. From Monroe, by Sylvester, Brooklyn, Union, and( Cookville, to Dunkirk. From -Monroe, by Twin Grove, and Duncanon, in Illinois, to Dakota. From Miontello, by 1)akota, and WVautoma, to Saxeville. From 1Montello, by Harrisville, Long Meadow, and William Sylvester's, to Grand Rapids. From Montello, by Harrisville, to Westfield. Froml Montello, by Westfield, and Kingsburg Ferry, to Reed's Landin g, on the Mississippi River. From Monteville, by Gaylesville and Douglass' Mills, to Black River Falls. From Montfort, by Fenninmore, and Millville, to Prairie du Chien. From Miontfort to Muscoda. From Mosinee to Marathon City. From Muncie's, by Munroe's Corner, to Hartford. _From Muscoda to Mineral Point. From Muscoda, by Orion, Reedstown, and Viroqua, to La Crosse. From Miuscoda to Richland Centre. Frolm Namahkin, by Black Creek, Neshkoro, Willow Creek, and Saxeville, to Waupaka, in Waupaka County. From Nasawaupee to Sturgeon Bay. From Necedah to Sherwood Forest. From Necedakin, by Eagle Point, and Black River Bridge, to intersect with the Prairie du. Chien and Hudson Mail Route at Eau Pleine. From Neilsville to Dexterville.:From Neilsville to Graves' Mills. From Neilsville, by Hunsicker's, to John Graves'. From Neilsville, by McPherson's, Sherwood Forest, Long Meadow, and La Fleshe's to Dexterville. From Neshkoro, by Willow Creek, and Saxeville, to WVaupaca. From New California., 1)y Montfort, and Highland, to Muscoda. Fromu New Haven to Necedah. -From New Lisbon, by Malery's Hotel, Jackson's Steam Mill, Tomah, Greenfield, La Fayette, Ange]o, Sparta, Bangor, Salem, Bigby, and Onalasea, to La Crosse. From New Lisbon, by Niecedah, to Grand Rapids. From New London by Northport, Little Wolf, Ogdensburg, and Iola, to Steven's Point. From New London, by Northport and HEobart's Mills, to Waupaca. From New London, by North Royalton, Ogdensburg, and Scandinavia, to Plover. From New London to Weyauwega. From Newport, by Plainville, Point Bluff, Quincy, Strong's Prairie, Grand Rapids, and Plover, to Stevens' Point. From New Richmond to Saint Croix Falls. From Oconomowoc, by Concord, Farmington, and J0hnson's Creekl to Aztalan. From Oconto to Shawanacw. Fromn Onionl to Black River Falls. From Ontario, by Enoma, Mt. Tabor, and Tripville, to Union Centre. F5romn Ontonagon to Superior. From Osceola Mlills, by Alden, and Wagon Landing, to Black Brook. 328 POSTr-Ro0ADS. From Oshkosh, by Algona, Omro, Berlin, La Cote, St. Marie, Princeton, and Montello, to Portage City. From Ozankee, by Saulkville, Newburg, Barton, West Bend, Aurora, Addison, Herman, and Horicon, to Juneau. From Oshkosh, by Algona, Omro, Delhi, WTaulkau Koro, Sacramento, Berlin, Namlahkin, Marquette. Kingston, Rock Hill, and Bellefontaine, to Portage City. From Oskosh, by Butte des Morts, Winchester, Mukwa,. and Weyauwega, to Stevens' Point. 1'From Oshkosh, by Clairville, Fisk's Corners, Weelaunee7 and- Rush Lake, to Ceresco. From Oshlkosh to Shiocton. From Ozaukee, by Fredonia, Fillmore, Kewaskum, Auburn, and Eden, to Fond da. Lac. From Palmyra, by Oak Hill, and Bark River, to Jefferson. From Palmyra to Watertown. From Pensaukie, by Brookside, to West Pensaukie. From Pine Hill, by Hop Hollow, to the Saint Croix Railroad. From Platteville, by Monfort, Highland, Muscoda, and Onion, to i. J. Darnall's Farm. From Platteville, by New California, MIifflin, and Linden, to Mineral. From Platteville, by Roclivale, Potosi, and WVeld's Landing, in Iowa, to Dubuque. From Platteville, by Smelser's Grove, Jamestown, 1and Fair Play, to Dubuque, in iowa. From Platteville, by Wingsville, Mnsa,do, Mill Creek, Fancy Creek, and Sinesville, to Quincy. From Plover, by Grand Rapids, Eagle Point, Black River Falls, and Onalaska, to La Crosse. From Pardeeville, by Montello, and Dakota, to Stevens' Point. From Patch Grove, by Bunker Hill, Charlotte, and Milton, to Cassville. From Patch Grove, by Wyalusing, and Clayton, in Iowa, to Garnaville. Froml Pole Grove to South Bend. From Portage City, by Alloa, to Merrimack. From Portage City, by Baraboo, and Bluff, to Sauk City. From Portage City, by Beaver Creek, Crooked Lane, Buena Vistaa, and Plover, to Stevens' Point. From Portage City, by Beaver Creek, New Haven, Grand Marsh, Dell Prairie, Grand Rapids, Point Bausse, and Plover, to Stevens' Point. From Portage City, by Dekorra, Lodi, and West Point, to Prairie du Sac. From Portage City, by Dekorra, Oshaukuta, Lodi, Berry, and Dover, to Blue Mound. From Portage City, by Lemonweir Valley, to La Crosse. From Portage City, by'Montello, Story Hill, Dakotah, Adario, Buena Vista, and Plover, to Stephens' Point. From Portage City, by Pardeeville, M arcellon, Centreville, Randolphl Centre, and East Randolph, to VWaushara. From Portage City, by Port Hope, Roslin, Packwaukee, Buffalo Lake, WVestfield, Adario, Oasis, Almond, Buena Vista, Lake Sarah, and Plover, to Stevens' Point. From Portage City, by Wyocena, Rio, Otsego, Columbus, and Portland, to Waterton. From Port Andrew, by Spencer's, Petersburg, and Langdon's, to Ly nxsville. From Potosi to Cassville. Fromn Potosi, by)- Rockvale, Ellenboro', Clifton, and Lincden, to Mineral Point. FIrom Potosi, by Rockvale, Lancaster, Fennimore, and WiIngville, to MInscoda. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN. 329 From Prairie du Chien, by Bad Axe, Leon, Viroqua, Springville, Coon Prairie, Grahaun's Mills, and Sparta, to Black River Falls. From Prairie dul Chien, by Boydstown, Richland Creek, and Richmond, to Muscoda. From Prairie du Chien to De Soto. From Prairie du Chien, by Eagle Point Mills, and Boydtown, to Fenn i tore. Frome Prairie di Chien, )by Eagle Point and Necedah, to Stevens' Point. From Prairie du Chien, by Johnson's Landing, Bell's Mill, and Waterville, to Waukon, in Iowa. From Prairie du Chien, by Johnson's Landing, and Waukon, in Iowa, to Elliott.a, in Minnesota. From Prairie d(I Chien, by La Crosse Lewis' Mills, Donglass7 Mills, Eau Galle Mills, Rush River Settlement, Prescott, and Point Douglass, to Saint Paul. in $ innesota. ~Froml Prairie du Chien, by McGregor's Landing, and Clayton City, to Guttenberg, in Iowa.. From Prairie du Chlien, by Nezekan, Painted Rock, and Wexford, to Lansing, in Iowa.:F'rom Prairie dclu Chien, by Patch Grove, Little Grant, Lancaster, and Ellensboro', to Platteville. From Prairie du Chien, by Patch Grove, Beetown, and Potosi, to Dunleith, in Illinois. From Prairie du Chien to Stillwater. From Prairie du Sac to Merrimac. From Prescott, by Carson and Eaton's Mills, Waubeek, Dunnville, Eau Claire, Chippewa Falls, and Weston's Rapids, to Necedah. From Princeton, by Dakins's Hotel, Warwick, and Saxeville, to Weyauwega. From Prescott, by Hudlson, Pineville, and Crandall's Mills, to Falls of St. Croix. From Princeton, by Montello, Roxo, and Packwaukee, to Delton. From Primrose, by Perry, and Adamsville, to Dodgeville. From Prescott, by Point Douglas, to Hastings, in Minnesota. From Racine, by Caledonia, Thompsonville, South Raymond, and Norway, to Waterford. From Racine, by Caledonia, Whitesville, Raymond, and Franklin, to Hall's Corners. From Racine, by Mount Pleasant, Ives Grove, Yorkville, Pan Yan, Rochester, Burlington, Spring Prairie, Grove, Elk Horn, Delavan, Darien, Fairfield, and Emerald Grove, to Janesville. From Racine, by Sylvania, Pleasant Grove, Union Grove, Trowbridge, Burlington, and Lyons, to Geneva.. From Raymond, by Nlorwany, to. Waterford. From Reedsburg, by Rockbridge, Fancy Creek, Reedstown, New Brookville, Bad Axe, and Retreat, to De Soto. From Reedsburg to Wonewoc. From Reed's Landing, by Monteville, Galesville, and Douglas Mills, to Black River Falls. From. Richland Centre, by Boaz, Brady's, Rowes, Yankeetown, Towerville, Rising Sun, and Alexander's Mill, to De Soto. From Richland Centre, by Rockbridge, East Henrietta, and Henrietta, to Yuba. From Richland City, by Reed's Mills, Bad Axe, and West Prairie, to Newport. From Richland City, by Sextonville, Richland Centre, Rockbridge, Fancy Creek, and Kickapoo, to Viroqua Court-House. From Richland Centre, by Woodstock, Spring Valley, Marysville, and Sparta, to Blaclk River Falls. Frolm R idcgeway to Primrose. From Ripon, by Green Lake, to Maarquette. 330 POST'-ROADS. From Ripon to Oslhkosih. From R ipol, by Sacramento, Poy Sippi, Little River, and Weyauwega, to Mukwa. Fromi Rising Sun] by Freelanl, anld Rush Creek, to De Soto. From Rivxer Falls, by Beldonville, EllsAworth, Rush River, Maiden Rock, and Lake Pepin, to Lake City, in Minnesota. From River Falls to Brookville. From River Falls, by New Centreville, to Spring Valley. From Rochester, by Honey Creek, and La Fayette, to Sugar Creek. 1From Rockbridge, by Ghomleyls Mills, and John Brown-s, to Ironton. From Rockton, in Illinois, by Spring Grove, Hoosier Grove, and Montezuma, to Monroe. Fronm Rolling Ground to Sugar Grove. From Rosendale, by Weelannee, Waukau, and Omnro, to Winneclnnle. From Rural, by Waupaca, Ogdensburg, Little Wolf, North Royalton, and Northport, to New London. From Sacramento, by Poy Sippi, Little River, and Weyauwega, to Mukwa. From Saint Cloud to Chilton. From Saint Croix Falls to Clam River Falls. From Saint Croix Falls, by Luck, and Alabama, to Donersville. From Saint Paul, in Minnesota, to Saint Croix. From Sank City, by Bear's Creek, Sextonville, and Sand Prairie, to Prairie du Chien. From Sank City, by Leland's Mill, to Reedsburg. From Sextonville, by Ithaca, Neptune, Lloyd, and Cazenovia, to Wonewoc. From Shawanaw, by Gillett, to Oconto City. From Sheboyganl, by lika and Maln's Landing, to Manitowoc. From Sheboygan, by Manitowoc, Kewaunee, Bailey's Harbor, and Sturgeon Bay, to Green Bay. From She boygan, by MIeeme, M anitowoc Rapids, Manitowoc, France's Creek, Two Rivers, Mishicot, and Cooperstown, to Green Bay. From Sheboygan, by Sheboygan Falls, Plymouth, Green Bush, Dotyville, Empire, and Taycheeda, to Fond du Lac. Froml Sheboygan, by Sheboygan Falls, Union River, Cascade, Beechwood, Newfa.ne, and Auburn, to Theresa. From Sbeboygan, by Sheboygan Falls, Wheat Valley, Onion River, Cascade, Scott, Boltonville. and Barton, to West Bend. From Shullsburg. by Benton, Hazel Green, and Fairplay, to Tubnuque. Froml Sparta, by Big Creek Ferry, Roaring Creek, and Dlnrand, to Prescott. Fromn Sparta Court-House, by Burr Oak, Los Angeles, and Galesville, to Monteville. From Sparta to Ontario. From Spring Green, by Plain, and White Mound, to Reedsburg. From Stevens' Point, by Chip)pewa Falls, to Hudson. From Stevens' Point, by Eau Pleine, and Little Bulls Falls, to Waun sau. From Stevens' Point, by Neilsville, and Weston's Rapids, to Eau Claire. From Stillwater to Lincoln Centre. From Stoughton, by Albion, Yeotsa, and Lima, to Whitewater. From Sturgeon Bay, by Egg Harbor, and Fish Creelk, to Eplhraim. Fromn Somerset to Crab Orchard. From Sumner, by Mondovi, Chippewa, Waubeck, Eau Galle, and Trim Belle, to Prescott. From Taftton to Beetownvl. Fromln Tolantlds Prairie, by Alderly, aundl Ashippun, to W7atertown. F'rom Tomakh to Black Rliver Fal-ls. From Tolmah, by Olltario, an(l Bloomingdalfle: to Viroquta. IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN. 331 From Towerville, by Rising Sun, La Fayette, in Iowa, Columbus, Milton, and Waukon, to Decorah, in Iowa. From Trenlpealeau to Arcadia. From Trempealeau, by Caledonia, New Amsterdam, to La Crosse. From Two Rivers to Bayley's Harbor. From Two Rivers to Kewaunee. From Utica to Stoughton. From Viola to Viroqua. Fromn Viroqua, by Bloomingdale, Masterson, and Whitestown, to Mount Taber. From Viroqua, by Brookville, Readstown, Tinny Settlement, and Burns' Mill, to Richland Centre. From Viroqua to Debello. From Viroqua, by Newton, to La Crosse. From Wlaupun, by Rock River, and Lamartine, to Fond du Lac. From Watertown, by Emmett, Clyman, Oak Grove, Juneau, Burnett, and Chester, to Waupun. From Watertown, by Farmington, Rome, and Oak Hill, to Palmyra. From Watertown, by Hubbelville, Portland, Waterloo, Hanchettsville, and Sun Prairie, to Madison. From Watertown, by Hutisford, Horicon, Maysville, Farmersville, Le Roy, and Avoca, to Fond du Lac. From Watertown, by Ixonia, Concord, and Farmington, to Johnson's Creek. From Watertown, by Milford, Aztalan, Lake Mills, Newtown Corners, Deerfield, and Cottage Grove, to Madison. From Wautoma to Grand Rapids. From Wautoma, by Neshkora, to Montello. From Waubec, by Dunville, and Menomonee, to Vanceburg. From Waunbeck to Hudson. From Waukesha, by Howard, Delafield, and Summit, to Oconomowoc. From Waukesha, by Pewaukee, Lisbon, Menomonee Falls, and Freistadt, to Cedarburg. From Waukesha, by Pewaukee, Mierton, Monches, Hartford, Iron Ridge, Maysville, Farmersville, Leroy, Oalfield, and Avoca, to Fond du Lac. From Waukesha, by Sotuth Genesee, Muckwango, Waterford, Rochester, Burlington, Wheatland, Richmllond, in Illinois, Solon Mills, and Ringwood, to McHenry. From Waukesha, by W'aterville, Golden Lake, Crowder's Corners, Rome, and Helenville, to Jefftrson. From Waukesha to West Bend. From Waaupaca, by Amherst, to Plover. From Waupaca, by Peter Groveris, to Stevens' Point. From Waupaea1, by Ogdensburg, and Union, to Shawanaw. From Waupaca, to section twenty-two, township twenty-three, in range eleven east. From Waupaca, by Scandinavia, to Stevens' Point. From Wausau to Bayfield. From Wausau to Clear Water. From Wausau to Jenny. From Wausau, to Ontonagon, in Michigan. From WVausau to Shawanaw. From Wausaa to Smith's Corner. Fromn Wausau to Stettin. From Waushara, by Mackford, and Dartford, to Berlin. From VWaushara, by Npasha, Gradville, Lake Maria, Grandvi ake riKingston, Marquette, Princeton, Pleasant Valley, La Cote, Saint Marie, lNeshkoro, ancd Lincoln, to Plover. From Wanpun, by Alto, Ltuzerne, Fairwater, Mietomen, Ceresco, and Dartford, to Berlin. Frolm Waupun, 13y Springvale, Roseudale, and Bothlello, to Oshkosh. 332 POST-1tOADS. From Waupon, by Springvale, West Rosendale, and Weelaunee, to Waukon. From Wauzeka to Viola. From Wtest Bened, by Barton, Scott, Adell, and Hingham, to Sheboygan Falls. From West Benld, by Cedar Creek, and Sehleisingerville, to Monches. From Westfield to Harrisville. From Westfield, by Lawrence, to Spring' Bluff. Fromn West Lilna to West Branch. From Whitehall to Frankilin. From Whitewater, by Cold Spring, Fort Atkinson, Oakland, Christiana, Utica, Cambridge, and Door Creek, to Madison. From Wrightstown, by East Wrightstown, Morrison, and Maple Grove, to Parquette. From TWilson's Creek, by Black Hawk, to Sank City. From WVingville, by Sylvester, Knowlton's Mill, Boscobel, Manhattan, Marietta, and Towersville, to Yiroqua. From W'inneconnee'to Poy Sippi. From Woodman, by Millville, Mount Hope, and Tafton, to Beetown. From. Weyauwega to Baldwin's Mills. From Winooski, by /iitchell Rathbun, Oceola andAlcove, to Fond DL Lac. From Wyocena, b~ Pardeeville, to Montello. Arlizona Territory. IN THE TERPRITORY OF ARIZONA. 14 June, 1858, c. From Agua Caliente to La Paz. 162, v. 11, p. 338. From Blue Water to Florence.:30 June, 1864, c. From Bradshaw, by Walnut Grove, to Wickenburg. 1375:r1, 165. 3. Fiolrm Casa Blanca by Weaver, Walnut Grove, and Upper Hassa y 104, v. 13, p. 525. Am pa, to Prescott. 2 March, 1867, c. From Corbet, to Saint George, in Utah. 191, v. 14, p. 551. Fron Fort Wise, by Bent's Old Fort, Puebla, and Cailon City, to 10 April, 1869, c.Lrett 30, v. 16, p. 483.' Larette. 5 March, 1870, c. From Hlardyville, by Mineral Park, to Prescott. 22, v. 16, p. 69. Fromi La Mesilla to La Mesa. 14 July, 1870, c. From La Paz, by Williamnsport, Castle Dome City, Laguna, and Ari273, v. 16, p. 280.:14 May, 1872, c. zona City, to Fort Yuma. 1:59, v. 17, p. 101. From Maricopa Wtells to Phoenix. 3 March, 1873, c. From Mohave City, by Aubrey, to La Paz. 255, v. 17, P. 587. From Mohave City to Los Angeles, by San Bernardino. From Mohave City, by Santa Clara, to Fillmore City, in Utah. From Pima Village to Tucson. From Pima Village to Phoenix. From Sacaton to Florence. From Prescott, by Lynx Creek, Big Bug, and Woolsey Ranchl, to Turlkey:reek. From Prescott to Mohave Cit.y. From Prescott, by Walnut Grove, to Wieklenburg. From Prescott to Willianmson's Valley. From Prescott to Woolsey Valley. From Tubac, by Cerro Colorado Fresnal, and Cabibi, to Tucson. From. Tubac to Monument. From TTulbac, by, Sonoita Valley, to Crittenden. From Tucson, 1by Camp Grant, Florence, Phcenix, and Camp McDowell, to Wickenburg. From Tucson, by Sopori. to Agua Caliente. ~From Tucson, by Sopori, to' Tubac. From Tucson, by Tubac, to Patagonia Mines. From Tucson to the Sonora Line. From Wlalnut Grove to WSickenburg. IN THE TEtRRITORY (OF COLORADO. 333 From Wharton, by Tucson, Tubac, and Caledonia, to Flort Buchanan. From WTickenburg to Vulture Mine. From Woolsey Valley, by Big Bug, Miaple' Shades, and Black Caion, to WTickenburg. IN THE TEiRRITORY OF COLOPRADO. ColoradoTerritory. From Badito, by Gardner, to Colfax. June, 1862, c. From Badito, by Gardner, Christionie, San Isabel, and Bismarck, to 95, v. 12, p. 420. Villa Grove. 14 July, 1862, c. From Padito to Spanish Peaks. 171,v. 12,. 574. From Badito, by West Miountain Valley, to Fort Garland. 5524 eb, 1p. 634. From Bent's Fort, by Boggsville, to Fort, Lyon. 30 June, 1864, c. From BIoonesville, by Fort Reynolds, Field's, Doyle's, Hermosilla, and 175, V. 13, p. 321. Saint Marie's, to Badito. 14 arc, 16, c. 16, v. 14, P. 6. From Boulder to Caribou. 2 March, 1867, c. From Boulder to Jamestown. 191, v. 14, p. 551. From Box Elder to Running Creek. 30 March, 1868, c. From Breckinridge, by Hot Springs, to White Rliver Agency. 35e,. 15, c From Cache Creeki by Pencha Pass, to Conejos. 131, v. 15, pp. 333, From Cachares to Walsenburg. 334. lFrom Cailon City, by the Arkansas Route and Pass, to Camp Crit- E5 Mareh, 1870, c. tenden in Utah. 22, V. 16, p. 70. From Cahon City to Colfax. 273, v. 16, 7. 280. From Cation City, by Greenwoed, Mace's Hole, andl Dodson's, to 28 Feb., 1871, c. Greenhorn. 101, v. 16, p. 469. From Cation City, by South Arkansas, to Fair Play. 14 May, 1872, c. From Cation City, by Texas Creek and Pleasant Valley, to South 10 June, 1872, C. Arkansas. 427, v. 17, P. 383. From Carson City to Colfax. 3 March, 1873, c. From Central City to Caribou., p. e87. From Central City, by Georgetown, to Argentine. From Central Cit;y, by Gold Dirt, and Gold Hill, to Boulder. Fronm Central City to Idaho.'From Central City to Silver City. From Colorado City to Caion City. From Colorado City, by Fair Play, to Hamilton. From Colorado City to Laurette. From Colorado City to Russellville. From Colorado Springs, by Easton, to Gomer's Mills. From Colorado Springs to Fairplay. From Conejos to Animas City, From Creswell, by Bergen Park, to Junction. From Denver to Bear Caion. From Denver to Bijou Basin. From Denver to Boulder. From Denver, by Burlington, and Laporte, to Fort Laramie. From Denver to Cheyenne. From Denver, by Colorado City, and Conejos, to Santa F6. From Denver, by Fort Saint Vrain, to La Porte. From Denver, by Golden City, to Central City. From Denver, by Idaho. and Empire City, to Salt Lake City. From Denver, by Jefferson, and Hamilton, to Laurette. From Denver, by Littleton, to Colorado City. From Denver, by Little's Mills, Keystone, Bear Caion, and Glen Grove, to Colorado City. From Denver, byv Mount Vernon, and Idaho, to Emipire City. From Denver, bIy Mount Vernon, Hayward's Ranch, Tollgate, Idaho, ancdl Empire, to Georgetown. Frolm Denver, by Pencha Pass andl Conejos, to Santa F6, in New Mexico. 334 POST-ROADS. Froml- Denver, along the eastern base of the Rocky AMountains, to East Bannock, in Idaho. From Denver to Russellville. From Erie to Boulder. Froim Erupela City, by Argentine, and Pera, to Breclkinridge. From Evans to Black City. From Evans to Blackhawlk Point. From Evans, by Burlington, to Boulder. From Fairplay, by Salt Works, Helena, Cache Creek, and Dayton, to Oro City. From Fort Collins to Livermore. From Fort Garland to Del Norte. From Fort Lyon to Nine-Mile Bottom. From Fort Saint Vrain to Junction Ranch. From Fort Wise, by Bent's Old Fort, Puebla, and Canon City, to Laurette. From Franklstown, by Running Creek, and Kiowa, to Bijou. From Garland to Zapota. From Georgetown to Brekinridge. From Golden City to Mount Vernon. Froml Goldenl City, by Mount Vernon, to Union City. From Golden City, by Ralston Creek, and Boulder City, to Burlington. From Gold Dirt to South Boulder. From Greeley to Jalnestown. From Greeley to -La Porte. From Greenwood to C(olffax. From Hamilton, by Breckinridge, to Lincoln City. From Jefferson, by Parkville, to Delaware City. From Kit Carson, by Wild Horse Springs, ane d Antelope Splings, to Puebla. From La Lorna to Capote. From La Porte to Livermore. From Latham, by Boyd's Crossing, and Princeton, to Thompson. From Laurette, by Oro City, to Washington Gulch. From Laurette, by Montgomery City, to Breckinridge. Flrom Oro City to Coach Creek. From Pine Bluff to Golden City. From Pueblo, by Blunt's Ranch, to Fort Reynolds. From Pueblo to Homosilla. From Pueblo, by IHuerfano, to Trinidad. From Pueblo, by Huerfano Junction, Baggsville, and Los Animas, to Fort Lyon. From Pueblo to Los Animas City. From Pueblo, by Rock Cafion Bridge, and Criswell's Ranch, to Dot son's Ranch. From Pueblo, by Rock Carson Ridge, and Frazier Settlements, to Carson City. From Pueblo, by Saint Marie's, to Trinidad. From Saguache to Southern Ute Agency. From Saguache, by San Luis Valley, Punch Divide, and Arkansas River, to CaiLon City. From South Arkansas, by Garibaldi, to Saguache. From State Line, by Lyon, to Pueblo. Frorm Trinidad, by Purgative River, to Virginia City, in New Mexico. From Trinidad, by San Francisco, to La Trinchera. From Walsenburg to Francisco's Ranch. Dakota Territory. IN THE TERRIITORY OF DAKOTA. 2 June, 1862, c. From Abereromlbie to Fort, Tottenl. 95, v. 12, p. 420. 24 Feb., 1863, G. From Algona to Yanklton. 55, v. 12, p. 664. From Bonhomme, by Spring Lakes, to Ponca Agency. IN THE TERRITCORY OF DAKOTA. 335 Fromr Bonhomme, by Springfield, to Niobrara, in Nebraska. 30 June, 1864, c. From Camp to Yankton. 175, v. 13, p. 321. 3 March, 1865, c. From Canton, by Glenlwood, to Liberty. 104, v. 13, p. 5'15. From Canton, by Turnersville, Swan Lake, Ashville, and WTolf Creek 14 March, 1866, c. to Milltown. 16, v. 14, p. G. From Crow Creek Agency, by Cocosh, Gray Cloud, Alwilda, Central 26 July, 1836, c. 267, v. 14, pp. 287, City, Bangor, Cecelia, and Brisbine, to Flandreau. 288. From Dakota, in Nebraska, by Saint John's, Ponca, Dixon, Saint 30 March, 1868, c. James, Helena, Frankfort, Niobrara, and Ponca Agency, to Fort Ran- 35, v. 15, p. 45. dalI. 25 July, 1868, c. From Dell City, by Chain Lakes, Finlay, Swan Lake, and Lincoln, to 244, v. 15, p. 18C. Saint Jarmes, in Nebraska. 22, v. 16, p. 70. From Eden, by Lodi, Turkey Creek, and Thomsonville, to Yankton. 14 July, 1870, c. From Elk Point to Brule Creek. 273, v. 16, p. 281. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Elk Point, by Brule Creek, and Valley of Big Sioux River, to 101, v. 16, p. 469. Sioux Falls City. 16 Jan., 1872, e. From Elk Point, by Spinkl Prairie, Union Creek, and Walled Lake, 6, v. 17, p. 25. to Medary. 14 May, 1872, c. From Flandreau to Medarv. 10 June, 1872, c. From Fort Abercrombie, to Bannock City, in Idaho. 427, v. 17, p. 383. From Fort Abercrombie, by Fort Ransom, to Fort Stevenson. 3 March, 1873, c. From Fort Randall to Fort Sully. 255, v. 17, p. 588. From Forti; Randall to Platte Creek. From Fort Randall to Whitestone. From Fort Sully, by Cheyenne Agency, Grand River Agency, Fort PRice, and Fort Stevenson, to Fort Bradford. From Fort Sully, by Milltown, and Finlay, to Beloit. From Fort Sully, to Virginia City, in Montana. From Fort Totten to Saint, Joseph's. From Wadsworth to Devil's Lake. Fromn Greenwood Agency, by Milltown, to Flandreau. F, rotm Lemars to Sioux Falls. From Lemars to Yankton. From Lincoln to Whitehall. From Madera to Big Stone Lake. Fromn Mankato, in Minnesota, by Madelia, Ashippan, Randolph Lake, Stevens Lake, north ancl south bends of the Des Moines River, Lake Grabham, Blue Mound, Sioux Falls, in Upper Dakota Territory, James Crossing, Yankton, Smutty Bear's Camp, Bonhomme, Wannavi, Tuffsville, Choteaun, and Greenwood, to Fort Rlandall. From Medary, to Lake Benton, in Minnesota. Froml North Niobrara to Mineral Springs. From Norfolk, in Nebraska, by Santee Agency, Springfield, Dayton, Scotland, Maxwell City, Red Earth, and Skunk Lake, to D1ell City. From Owego, to Breckinridge, in Miinnesota. From Ponca Agency to Choteau. From Pembina to Saint Joseph. Froma Platte City to South Pass City., From Ponca, in Nebraska, to Elk Poin-t. From Richland, to Sioux City, in Iowa. From Sioux City, in Iowa, by Willow Point, Elk Point, Vermillion, Yankton, Bonhomme, Skinner's, Choteau Creek, and Greenwood, to Fort Randall. From Sioux Falls to Flandrean. From Sioux Falls, to Ponca, in Nebraska. From Sioux Falls, by Rockport, to Fort Thompson. From Sioux Falls, by Shetek City, and New Brunswick, to New Ulm, in Minnesota. From Sioux Fialls to Wicklow. Froml Sioux Falls to Worthington. From Springfield, by Emanuel, andcl Marshton, to Firesteel. 336 POST-ROADS. From Springfield, by Malrshton, Woodbine, Laurel, Rockport, Atchate, Flandreau, Lake Shetek, and Mahoka Lake, to Mankato, in Minnesota. From Springfield, by Mineral Spring, to Ponca Agency. From Springfield to Niobrara. From Springfield to Old Fort James. From Vermillion, by Clay Creek, and Turkey Creek, to Milltown. From Vermillion to Saybrook. From Vermillion, by Eureka,, to Swan Lake. From Vermnillion, by Iowa, to Ponca. in Nebraska. From Vermillion, by Pilot Grove, and Morry's Crossing, to Yankton. From Vermillion, by Turnersville, to Wicklow. From Waverly, by Prairie Home, to Bennett Station. From Whetstone Agency, by White River Forks, to Spotted Tail's Agency. From Yankton, by Banzil Mills, inl Nebraska, to Frenchtown, in Nebrasl ka. Fromn Yankton, by Bohemian Settlement, to Springfield. From Yankton, to Columbus, in Nebraska. From Yankton, by Green Island, in Nebraska, to Cheyenne, in Wyoming. From Yankton to Norfolk, in Nebraska. From Yankton. to Old Fort James. From Yankton, by Scotland, Milltown, IRockport, Firesteel, Batesville, Diamond Hill, and Eldorado, to North Pacific Railroad. From Yankton to Sioux Falls City. From Yanliton, by Todds Ford, to Rockport. From Yankton, by'Welchtown, Ashville, Slunk Lake, and Sisseton Agency, to Breckinridge. From Yankton, by Ziskov, Tabor, and Cooley, to Springfield. District of Co- DISTRICT OF COLUJMBIA: lnumbia. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Washington, by Anacostia, Mount Welby, Long Old Fields, 2D0, v. 10, p. 407. Upper Marlboro', and Queen Anne, to Davidsonville. From Washington, by Anacostia, Mount Welby, Piscataway, and Duffield, to Port Tobacco. lFrom Washington, by Cottage, to Colesville. From Washington, by Fort Foote, to Fort Washington. From Washington to Georgetown. From Washington, by Georgetown, Tenallytown, Locust Grove, Rockville, Forest Oak, Middle Brook, Clarksburg, Hyattstown, and Urbanna, to Frederick. Idaho Territory. IN THE TEIIRRITO'RY OF IDAHO. 13 June, 1864, c. From Boise City, by Bannack City, Centreville, Pioneer City, and 175, v. 13, p. 321. Placerville, to Lewiston. 3 March, 1865, C Fro1 Boise Citc tO EsmerFrda. 104, v. 13, pp. 522, 525. From Boise Cit.y, by Leesburg, and Salmon City, to BaDnoc1k City, in 26 July, 1866, c. Montana. 267,. 14, p. 288. From Boise City to Malade City. 350:I ch, 868,p C. From Boise City, by Middletown, Keeney7s Ferry, El Dorkado City,'25 July, 1868, c. and Clarksville, to Baker City, in Oregon. 244, v. 15, p. 188. From Boise City, by Old Fort Boise, to Canyon City, in Oregon. 3 March, 1869, C. From Boise Cityv by Owyhee, to Humboldt, in Nevada. 131, v. 15, p. 333. 14 July, 1870,. From Boise City, by Salmon City, and Leesburg, to Virginia City. 273, v. 16, p. 281. From Elk -City to Virginia City, in MontanaL. 28 Feb., 1871. c. From Fayetteville to Salubria. O, V. 1, p. 469. From Florence to Warren's Diggings. 6, v. 17, p 5. From Florence to Waslington. 14 Ma;, 1872, c. Firom Idaho City to ILoon Creek Mines. 159, v. 17, p. 104. From Idaho City to Rocky Bar. IN THE INDIAN TERRITORY AND TERRITORY OF MIONTANA. 337 From Idaho City to Silver City.'From Lewiston to Colville. From Lewiston, by Deer Lodge, to Helena.:From Lewistown to Elk City. From Maggie Creek, in Nevada, by Silver City, to Boise City. From Pierce City, to Missoula, in Montana. From Placerville to Fayetteville..From Placerville, by Horse-Shoe Bend, and Junction House, to Bluff Station. From Placerville to Quartzburg. From Placerville, by Warren's Diggings, to Florence. From Placerville, by Washington, to Florence. From Rocky Bar to Atlanta City. From Ruby City, to Jacksonville, in Oregon. From IRock Creek to Six Islands. From Ruby City, by Puebla Valley, to Chico, in California. From Salubria to Cuddy and Tyne's Mills.,From Silver City to Fairville. From Silver City to Oro. From Spokane Bridge to Lewiston. From Tynesville to Washington. From Walla-Walla, in Washington Territory, by Lewiston, to Helenla, in Montana. From Weiser to Salubria. IN THE INDIAN TERRITORY. Indian Territory. From Coyville in Kansas, by Sac Agency, Okmulkee, Barnett, Bru- 27 Feb., 1861, c. nor, Stonewall, and Tishamingo, to Preston, in Texas. 57, v. 12, p. 167. From Fort Gibson, by Creek Agency, to Seminole Agency. 26 July 1866,.88 From Fort Washita, by Burney Academy, to Gainesville, in Texas. 14 May, 1872, c. From Little Verdigris to Lanark Falls. 159, v. 17, p. 104. From Marysville in Arkansas, by Spaninaw, and Moravian Mission, to Tahlequah. From Parker, in Kansas, by Coody's Bluff, Shanta-Sapba, or Black Dog Creek, Choteati Station, and Locust Grove, to Tahlequah. From Perryville, by Bushy, and Goodland, to Paris, in Texas. From Rossville, by Nu-Nohethee, Lynch's Mill, Grand Saline, Locust Grove, and Fourteen-Mile Creek, to Fort Gibson. From Tahlequah, by Flint, Clear Spring, and Lee's Creek, to Van Buren, in Arkansas. N THE HE TERRITORY OF MONTANA. Montana Territory. From Bannack City, by Fort Lemhi, Idaho City, and Salmon City, 3 March, 1865, c. to Boise City, in Idaho.04, v. 13, p. 522. From Bannack City, by German Gulch, to French Gulch. 18, v. 4ly, 1. 890. From Bannack City to Montana City. 26 July, 1866, c. From Beartown to Yreka. 267, v. 14, pp. 287, From Beaverhead Canyon, down Beaverhead River to its junction 288. 30 March, 1868, c. with Big Hole or Wisdom River, thence up said river to Divide Creek, 35v. 15, 1pp. 49, 50. thence up said creek and through Deer Lodge Pass to Silver Bow, and 3 March, 1869, c. thence down Deer Lodge River to Deer Lodge City. 131, v. 15, p. 333. From Blackfoot City to Hortonville. 14 July, 1870, c. From Blackfoot City, by Washington Gulch, Jefferson Gulch, and Mc' 20,April, 1.37, c. Clellan Gulch, to Lincoln Gulch. 28, v. 17, p. 17. From Boulder Valley, by Jefferson Island, to EHarrison. 14 May, 1872, c. From Cave Gulch, by Eldorado Bar, to Helena. 1539 17,a p.109. 3 March, 1873, c. From Crossing of Gallatin to Gallatin City. 255, v. 17, p. 593. From Darling to Vipond. From Diamond City to Fort BentonI. From Fleecer's Station to Red Mountain City. RS -II —-22 338 POST-ROADS. From Gallatin City to Bozeimain. From Gold Creek, by Emmettsburg, Phillipsburg, and Cables City, to Helena. From Helena, by Blackfoot, to Hell Gate. From Helena, by Copperopolis, to Silver Star. From Helena, by Dearborn, and Sun River Farm, to Fort Benton. From Helena to Diamond City. From Helena, by Fort Laramie, and Fort Reno, to New Fort Kearney, in Nebraska. From Helena, by French Bar, Cave Gulch, and New York, to Rlby City. Flrom 1Helena, by Radersburg, Gallatin City, and Morse's Store, to Bozeman. From Helena, by Silver City, Trinity Gulch, Gravelly Range, and Piegan Gulch, to Atlantic City. Flrom Helena to Unionville. From Helena to Wallula. From Helena, by Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln Gulches, to Reynolds City. From Hell-Gate to Flat Head. From Jefferson Crossing, by Silver Prow City and Deer Lodge City, to Blackfoot. From Junction, by Cut-Off, to Virginia City. From Kalmiche to Elma. From Missoula, by Agency, and St. Ignatius, to Scribner. From Missoula, to Pierce City, in Idaho. From Missoula Mills to Frenchtown. From Mouth of Cedar to Quartz. From Radersburg, by Crow Creek Ferry, Deep Creek, lRobinson's Store, North Creek, Duck Creek, and Diamond City, to Fort Baker.:From Radersburg to Keatingville. From Radersburg to Willow Creek. From Silver Bow, by the mouth of the German and French Gulches, to the mouth of Warm Spring Creek, thence up said creek to Cable City, thence down Flint Creek to Phillipsburg, thence down said Flint Creek to Emmettsburg, and thence to B6artown. From Sioux City, in Iowa, by the Nebraska and Yellowstone River routes, to Walla-Walla, in Washington. From Springville to Centreville. From Stormsville to In-Poh. From Virginia City, by Forman's, Foster's, and Boarman's City, to Yellowstone City. From Virginia City, to Fort Sully, in Dakota. From Virginia City, by Red Mountain City, Butte City, Silver Bow, Deer Lodge City, Phillipsburg, Cable City, and Emmettsburg, to Beartown. From Virginia City, by Silver Bow, Deer Lodge City, and:Hell-Gate, to Fort Owens. From Virginia City, by Sterling, and Garfield, to Gallatin City. From Virginia City, by Sterling, Willow Creek, and Springville, to Helena. From Virginia City to Summit City. From Virginia City, by Twin Bridges, Rochester, Silver Star, German Gulch, and French Gulch, to Deer Lodge City. From Wallula to Seattle. N e w Mexico IN THE TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. Territory. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Albuquerque, by Chilili, Tajique, Manzano, Punta de la Agua, 230, v. 10, p. 546. Fort Stanton: and Tnlaroza, to Franklin, in Texas. 3 March; 1857, c. From Albuquerque, by Ciboleta, and Cuvero, to Fort Defiance. 109, v. 11, p. 239. From Albuquerqne, by Peralta, and Manzano, to Fort Stanton. IN THE TERRITORY OF UTAH. 339 From Albuquerque, to Prescott, in Arizona. 14 June, 1858, c. From Albuquerque, by Zuni, to WToodville, in California. 162,. 11, p. 356. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From. Abiqui to Garland. 57, v. 12, P. 162. From Abiqui, by El Rito, Ojo Caliente, Servietta,,and Los Conejos, to 2 June, 1862, c. Fort Garland. 95, v. 12, ). 4). From Clifton to Dry Cimeron. 3 March, 1865, c. 104, v. 13, p. 525. From Donand, by Fort Belknap, to Gainesville, in Texas. 2 March, 1867, c. From El Paso, by Messilla, Tucson, in Arizona, and Fort Yuma, to 191, v. 14, p. 553. San Diego, in California. 30 March, 1868, c. From Fort Cummings, by Fort Bayard, to Pinos Altos. 35,. 51. From Fort Union, by Antonchico, Aguna Negra, Fort Sumner, Fort 273, v. 16, p. 288. Stanton, and Tularoza, to Mesilla. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Fort Union, by Guadalupita, Santa Gertrude, San Antonio, 101,v.lG6, p. 469. Agua Negra, Rincones, Cantonmaent Burgwin, and Ranclho to Fernan- 28Ari, 187. dez de Taos. From Fort Union, by Rayado, to Pueblo. From Independence, in ~Missouri, by Pawnee Fork, Fort Wise, Rayado, and Fort Union, to Santa F6. From Las Cruces, by Mesilla, to Tucson. From Las Cumas to Ralston City. From Las Vegas, by Antonchico, Caziones, and Puerto de Luna, to Fort Summer. From Las Vegas to Fort Bascom. From Las Vegas to Mora. From Mesilla to La Union. From Paraje, by Alamosa el Bonito, and Santa Barbara, to Dolia A.a. From Santa Fe6 by Albuquerque, Socorro, Las Cruces, Dofa Aila, Fort Fillmore, Frontero, in Texas, El Paso, San Elisario, Magoffinsville, and Leona, to San Antonio. Fromn Santa Fe, by La Canada, Abiqui, and El Rito, to San Antonio. From Santa F6, by La Canada, and Albicin, to Fernandez de Taos. From Santa Fe, by Las Trampas, Pefasco, and Rio del Pueblo, to Taos. From Santa Fd to Las Vegas. From San ta Fe, by Pena Blanca, Santo Domingo, Cuvora, Algodones, and San Isdora, to Cafion de Jemlez. lFrom Santa Fe', by Pojuaque, to Abiqui. From Santa F6, by Real de Dolores, T'uerto, and San Antonia, to Albuquerque. From Santa F6, by Santa Cruz, Los Luceros, and Abiqui, to Sierra Amarilla. From Santa Fe6 by San Miguel, Las Vegas, and Fort Union, in Missouri, to Independence. From Santa Fe, to Salt Lake City, in Utah. Fromn San Jose, by San Miguel, and La Cuesta, to Antonchico. From Seneca, in Missouri, to Albuquerque. From Taos, by Arroyo Hondo, Rio Colorado, and Calebra, to Fort Massachusetts. From Taos, by Arroyo Hondo, Rio Colorado, Costilla, Calebra, Fort Garlandl, Fountain City, and Russellville, to Denver City. From Taos to Cimeron. From Taos to Dona Afia. From Tucson, by Arizona City, and Colorado City, to San Diego, California. IN THE TERRITORY OF UTAH. Utah Territory. From American Fork City to Forest City. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From BeavTer, by Greenville, and Fort Adams, to Minersville. 230, v. 10,p. 546. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Beaver, by Minersville, and Meddowsith, to Paranalgatiin 168, v. 11,. p. 137. Nev ada. 340 POST-ROADS. 27 Feb., 1861, c. From Breckinridge to Great Salt Lake. 57, v. 12,P. 165. From Brigham City, by Mendon, Wellsville, Hyrum, Millville, Provi2.June, 1862, c. dn 95 v. 12, p. 421.'dence, Logan, Hyde Park, Smithfield, and Richmond, to Franklin. 24 Feb., 1863, c. From Cedar City, by Pinto, Pine Valley, Alger, Banney, and Dia55, v. 12, p. 663. mond, to Saint George. 30 Jn3e, 1864, c. From Denver City, in Colorado, to Provo City. 26 July, 1866, c. From Eagle Valley to Panaca. 267, v. 14, p. 287. From Eureka to Payson. 2 March, 1867, c. From Fairfield to Eureka. 191, v. 14, p. 554. From Fillmore City to Deseret. 25 July, 18968 C. From Fort Bridger, by Riclhville, Soda Springs, the Upper Crossing 5 March, 1870, c. of Snake River, and Virginia City, to Hell-Gate, in Idaho. 22, v. 16, p. 75. From Fort Bridger, by Boise City, in Idaho, and Grand Ronde Val28 Feb., 1871, C. ley, in Oregon, to Walla-Walla, in Washington Territory. 101, v. 16, p. 470. 14 May, 1872, c. From Fort Herman to Bingham Canon. 159, v. 17, p. 114. From Fountain to Wales. 3 Marcht 1873, c. From Genoa, in Carson Valley, by VWalker River Diggings, to Mom-o. 255, v. 17, p. 597. ville. From Gunnison to Chicken Creek. From Huntsville to Bennington. From tyrum to Paradise. From Kaysville, by Hooper, and Alma, to Plain City. From Logan to Weston. From Logan to Oxford. From Manti, by Ephraim, Limbri, and Mount Pleasant, td North Bend. From Montpelier to Soda Springs in Idaho. From Mount Pleasant to Moroni. Fromn Nephi, to Saint George, by Severe Valley and Fort Gunnison. From Ogden City to Huntsville. From Ogden City to Plain City.:From Ophir, by Camp Floyd, to Fairfield. From Panaca, by Clover Valley, Long Valley, and West Point, to Saint Joseph. From Payson to Goshen. From Payson, by Goshen, Diamond City, and Silver City, to Eureka. From Pinto, by Hamblin, and Palsifer, to Panaca. From Rockville to Springdale. From Saint Charles, by Fish Haven, Swan Creek, and Round Valley, to Ithica. From Salt Creek, by Ponle, Rounds, and Holden, to Fillmore City. From Salt Lake City, by American Fork, Provo City, Springfield, Payson, Summit, Creek, Nephi City, Fillmore City, Red Creek, Parovan, Johnson's Springs, Cold Creek, Santa Clara, and San Bernardino, in California, to San Diego. From Salt Lake City to Bingham Caflon. From Salt Lale City to Central City. From Salt Lake City, by E. T. City, Grantsville, Tooele, Shambiss, Cedar Fort, Fairfield, and Goshen, to Payson. From Salt Lake City, by Fillmore City, and Saint George, to Los Angeles, in California. From Salt Lake Gity, by Fort Laramie, to Council Bluffs, in Iowa. From Salt Lake City, by Jordan, to Herriman. From Salt Lake City, by Mountain, Weber, Morgan, Porter, Corydon, Hteuneffer, Coalville, Hoytville, Wanship, Peoa, Kansas, Heber, Mound, Midway, and Charleston, to Provo City. From Salt Lake City, by Nuff7s Mills, Mill Creek, Holliday's Settlement, Little Cottonwoodl, and Drapersville, to Mountainville. From Salt Lake City, by Ogden City, Cache Valley, Snaek River Ferry, and Bannack City, to Fort Benton. From Salt Lake City, by Provro City, Salt Creek, Fillmore City, Beaver, Parowan, and Cedar City, to Saint George. IN THE TERRITORY OF WASHINGTOCN. 341 From Salt Lake City to Silver Lake. From Salt Lalre'City, by Stoker, Farmington, and Kaysville, to Ogden City. From Salt Lake City, by Taylorsville, WTest Jordan, Gardner's Mills, and Binglamr Caion, to Cedar Valley. From Salt Lake City to Tooele City. From Salt Lake City, by Union, Draper, Palmyra, Lehi City, American Fork, Pleasant Grove, Provo City, Payson, Springville, Summit, Nephi City, Corn Creek, Fillmore City, Salt Creek, and Canal Creek, to Manti. From Salt Lake City, by Utah Lake, to Sand Pitch Valley. From Cedar City, by Harmony, and Pine Valley, to Santa Clara. From Springville, by Fairview, and Mount Pleasant, to Springtown. From Springville, by Spanish Fork, CaFion Fairview, Mount Pleasant, Springtown, Ephraim, and Manti, to Gunnison. From Stockton to Jacob City. From Stockton to Ophir. F'room Tooele City to Grantsville. From Toquerville, by Pocketville, and Grafton, to Adventure. From Virgin City, by Grafton, to Rockville. IN THE TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON. Washington Territory. From Arkada to Steilacoom. 3 Aug., 1854, c. From Arkada to Union City. 230,. 10, pp. 545, From Astoria, in Oregon, by Chenook, Edmonston, Tarlet, Oyster 5463. h, 1855, c Beach, Bringhamrn City, and most direct route to intersect the route from 211, v. 10, p. 713. Olympia, to Gray's Harbor. 18 Aug., 1856, c. From Astoria, in Oregon, by Job Lamly's, and Fort Willopa, to Will- 168, v. ll, p. 38. iam s, near mouth of Black River. 109, v. 11, p. 239. From Bellinghami Bay to Fort Colville. 14 June, 1858, c. From Cathlamet to S. Ford's. 162, v. 11, p. 361. From Cathlamet to Olympia. 27 Feb.1 1861,. From ChenoQk City to Pacific City. 2 June, 1862, c. From Colville to Pend d'Oreille Lake. 95, v. 12, p. 421. From Colville by Antoine Plantes', to Cceur d'Alene Mission. 14 July, 1862, c. From Colville to Similkaman. 171, v. 1, p. 574. 24 F eb., 1863, c. From Cowlitta Landing to Boistfort Prairie. 55, v. 12, p. 664. From the Dalles, by Clickitat Valley, and Simcoe, to Okinikaine. 14 March, 1866, c. From the Dalles, by Columbus, to Golden Dale. 16, v. 14, p. 8. From the Dalles, by Simcoe, to Sharps. 26 July, 1866, c. 267, v. 14, p. 287. Prom Delta, by Pinawawa, and Colfax, to Spokan Bridge. 30 March, 1868, c. From Ebey's Landing, by Penn's Cove, and Oak Harbor, to McDon- 35, v. 15, p. 54. ough's Island. 3 March, 1869, c. From Fort Laramie, in Nebraska, to Hell-Gate. 134 July, 1870, c. From Fort Madison, by Muckilteo, and Utsaladdy, to Coveland. 273, v. 16, p. 290. From Fort Vancouver to Fort Steilacoom. 28 Feb., 1871, c. From Gamble to Sebec. 101, v. 16, p. 470. From Lewiston to Florence City. 14 May, 1872, c. 159, v. 17, p. 116. From Montezuma to Liberty. 3 March, 1873, c. From New Dungeness, by False Dungeness, and Neeah Bay, to Cape 255, v. 17, p. 597. Flattery. From Oakland to Grey's Harbor. From Oakland to Hood's Canal. From Oakland, by North Bay, to Sebec. From Oakpoint to Mount Prairie. From Olympia, by Arkada, to Oakland. From Olympia, by Chamber's Prairie, and Temalquit Prairie, to Coal Bank. From Olympia, by Nathan Eaton's, and Selm- Prairie, to Fort Monltgomery. From Olympia, by Ford's, to Chinook City. 342 POST-ROADS. From Olympia to Gray's Harbor. From Olympia, by Head of Totten's. Eld's, and Hammersly's Inlets, to Oakland. From Olympia, by Miami, WTilliam's, Scammin s, Lee, Gray's Harbor, Oysterville, Pacific City, and Chinook, to Astoria. From Olympia to Seattle. From Olympia to Shoalwater Bay. From Oysterville, by Bruceport, Fort Willopa, and Roundtree's Prairie, to Boistfort Prairie. From Pacific City, by Chenook, Cathlamet, Oak Point, Monticello, Cathlapootle, Columbia City, Cascade City, and Fort Wallawalla, to Wailepta. From Pacific City, by Oysterville, and Bruceport, to Olympia. From Port Townsend,.by Port Discovery, to New Dungeness. From Port Townsend, by San Juan Island, Lopez, Orcas, land Cypress, to Semiahmoo. Froml Rainer, by Monticello, Cowlitz, Highland, and Olympia, to Steilacoom. From Saint Helen's, by Cathlapootle, to Pekin. From Seabeck to Skokomish. From Seabeck to Union City. From Seattle to Bensonville. From Seattle, by Meridian Prairie, to Ranger's Prairie. From Seattle, by Port Madison, Kelt's Mills, Penn's Grove, and Whatcom, to Port Townsend. From Seattle, by Salmon Bay, to Point Elliott. From Seattle to Snohomish. From Seattle, by Tree Posts, and Pass Blakeley, to Pass Orchard. From Seattle to the Doct Warnish Mills. From Snohomish, by 3Mourth of Snoqualmie River, to Snoqualmie. From Steilacoom, by Alki, to Seattle. From Steilacoom to Camp Montgomery. From Steilacoom, by Military Road, to Fort Walla-Walla. From Steilacoom, by Nacher's Pass, and Wallula, to Walla-Walla. From Steilacoom City to San Francisco. From Steilacoom to Seattle. From Steilacoom City, by Yakahama Valley, to Walla-Walla. From Teekalet, by Post Madison, Muckiltoe, and Tulalip, to Snohomish. From Utsaladdy to Centreville. From Utsaladdy to Skagit City. From Vancouver, by F'ourth Plain, Lackamas, and Fern Prairie, to Washingal. From Vancouver to Strong's Battle-Ground. From Vancouver to Walla-Walla. From Wailepta, by Craig's, Cceur d'Aleine Mission, and Saint Mary's Valley, to Fort Benton, in Montana. From Wailepta, by Walla-Walla, Walkers, Eel's Mission, and Brown's, to Fort Colville. From Walla-Walla, by Lewiston, and Pierce City, to Elk City. From Walla-Walla, and Orifino, by Lewiston, to Pierce City. From Wallula, by Antoine Plantes', Peru,* D'Orville Lake, and HellGate, to Helena, in Montana. From Walla-Walla, by Antoine Plantes7, and the Caeur d'Alene Mission, to Hell-Gate. From Whatcom to Nooksack. From Whatcom, by Samish, Fidalgo. Lopez, and San Juan, to Port Townsend. From Whatcom to Semiahmloo. Poned cl'Oreille Lake. IN THE TERRITORY OF WYOMING. 343 IN THlE TERRITORY OF WYOMING. Wyomning Territory. From Carter to Fort Bridger. 5 MarcL, 1870, c. From Cheyenne, by Fort Laramie, and Fort Fetterman, to Helena. 22, v. 16, p. 75,. From Cheyenne to Iron Mountain. 14 July, 1870, c. From Evanston, by Yellow Creek, Bear Lake, and Soda: Springs, in 273, v. 16, p. 291. Utah, to Virginia City, in Montana. 28 Flb, 1871, 4 From Fort Bridger to Pine Grove. 14 May, 1872, c. From Fort Bridger to Scottsville. 159, v. 17, p. 116. From Fort Halleckl to White River. 10 June, 1872, c. From Percy, by Fort Halleck, to Last Chance, in Colorado. 427, v. 17, p. 387. From Green River City, by South Pass City, Atlantic City, Fort Stambaugh, and Hamilton City, to Camp Brown. From Laramie City to Cinnebar City. From Laramie City, to Gilman City, in Colorado. From Laramie City, by Last Chance, to North Park, in Colorado. From Point of Rocks, by South Pass City, Atlantic City, and Miners' Delight, to Wind River Valley. From Rawling's Springs to Seminole City. From Rawling's Springs, to White River Agency, in Colorado. From South Pass City, by Clark's Fork, Bozeman, and Fort Ellis, to Helena, in Montana Territory. From Yellow Creek to Wasatch, in Utah. Approved, June 22, 1874. INDEX TO POST-BOADS. A. Page. Page. M~,nnesota, Alabama, post-roads in.. -...4... 145-156 post-roads in -...-....... 3-14 Mississilpi, Arkcansas, post-roads in -...................156-162 post-roads in.. —-—. ——.. —.......... 14-21 Missouri, Arizona Territory, post-roads in.. —.-.................162-179 post-roads in -.-.. ——.. —-.. —.. —---- 33o2, 333 Montana Territory, post-roads in.........................337, 338 B..Bridges, N. certain, declared post-roads. —........... 1-3 Nebraska, post-roads in -179-185 C. Nevada, California, post-roads in.....................185, 186 post-roads in........-... 21-30 New Hampshire, Colorado Territory, post-roads in -..-..-................186-189 post-roads in..-....-....333, 334 New Jersey, Connecticut, post-roads in —. —.-..............189-194 post-roads in.-.........-.. 30-33 Ntew York, post-roads in -194-213;-f~~D. z~~North Carolina, Dakota Territory, post-roads in2...........13-223 post-roaLds in..~...~...-...~.,........334-336 2CU2~XC l)li~'l post-roads in --...334-336 New Mexico Territory, Delaware, post-roads in -........... 338, 339 post-roads in-.......................... 33,34 District of Columbia, 0. post-roads in... —............. —..... 336 Ohio, post-roads in. —.. -..................- 223-242 F. Oregon, post-roads in- 242-245 Floridica, post-roads in........ -34-38 P. 3P. G.~~k,~~;Pcnnsylvania, Georgia, post-roads in..........................245-271 post-roads in.......................... 38-45 R~. E[~~~~. 1 ~Rhode Island, post-roads in.. 272 11 llnois, post-roads in.......................... 45-62 Indiana,ot Colin post-roads in — 62-76.......... South Carolina, p~ostradwa,.............. 6 post-roads in. —-- ---—...............272-278 rowa, post-roads in.......................... 76-93 Idaho Territory,Tense post-roads in..........................336,337 T sse Indian Territory, post-roads in -279-28, ainsasdUtiah, Territory, post-roads in O —-.-..- -.-05289-297 Kentucky, post-roads in -.......................... 19post-roads in —---- -------— 106-114 v K~~~~~~~~~~. ILdB ~Vermont, post-roads in.......................... 98-301 Louisiana, Virginia, post-roads i. -.. -......... 115119 post-roads in.30......1...3.......302-313 N. W. Maine, West Virginia, post-roads in - -119-129 post-roads in31.3...............3 —-- 3-321 Macryland, Wisconsin, post-roads in- 126-130 post-roads in-... -..-.-.-..321-332 Massachusetts, Washington Territory, post-roads in.... -..-..........131-135 post-roads in -341, 342 Mtlichigan, W yomin ~g Territory, post-roads in...-.-.......135-145 post-roads in-343 EI UNItTED STAT IN FORCE ON DE FIRST DAY OF DECEMBER 18t7 EDITED, PRINTED, AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS, AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. WASHINGT ON: GOVERNMIENT PRINTING OPFICEo 1875. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. ALGIERSSeptember 5,1795, Peace and amity....1-.-...........1.. June 30 and July 6, 1815. Peace and amity..................... 5 December 22-23, 1816. Peace and amity 9............ 9 ARGENTINE CONFEIDERATIONJuly 10, 1853. Free navigation of rivers Parand and Uruguay. —... -15 July 27, 1853. Friendship, commerce, and navigation.-... 16 AUSTRIAAugust 27, 1829. Commerce and navigation-........-. 21 May 8, 1848. Personal property, consuls, &c.... —----—. —---- -----..... —----------------- 24 July 3, 1856. Extradition --—....- - - ------------------------ - --------—. 26 July 11, 1870. Rights, &c., of consuls-....................................................... 28 September 20, 1870. Naturalization................... — - - -33 November 25, 1871. Trade-marks- -... —--—.. —---------- 35 BADEiN — January 30,1857. Extradition..-.........- -....37 July 19,1868. Naturalization. ——..-38 BAVARIAJanuary 21, 1845. Abolition. of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration -.-....... —---- 41 September 12, 1853. Extradition -.- - -42 May 26, 1868. Naturalization............................................................... — 44 BELGIUMNovember 10, 1845. Commerce and navigation. ——. —---------------------------- 48 July 17, 1858. Commerce and navigation.. ——. —----------—. —------ —. —. —.-.. —-. —-.- 52 May 20, 1863. Import duties and capitalization of Scheldt dues -5..5..... 5 July 20, 1863. Extinguishment of Scheldt dues —--.... —---- --—.. —--—. —---------------- 57 November 16, 1868. Naturalization-......-............. 61 December 5,1868. Rights, &c., of consuls ----—...-.. —.-.,-. —................. —-. —---- 62 December 20, 1868. Additional article. Trade-marks................................... 66 BOiVIA. (See also Peru-Bolivia.) May 13,1858. Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation... —.. —---------—. -—. —-.... 68 BORNEOJune 23, 1850. Peace, friendship, and good understanding.................................... 79 BRIAZILDecember 12, 1828. Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation.. -........- 81 January 27, 1849. Claims n.. s-.......... —. —- -. ——. —----—. —. —... —--—.. —.- ---- 90 BREMlEN. (See also Hanseatic Republics.) September 6, 1853. Accession. Extradition —-.-....... —- -—.-.,......,....... 92 BRUNSwIcK AND LUNIEBURGAugust 21, 1854. Disposal of property —... —...-........ ——. —-------—. —----—.. —-. —.. 93 CENTRAL AMERICADecember 5, 1825. Peace, amity, commerce, and navigation-. —-------. — -.. —-...........- 95 CH-ILIMay 16, 1832. Peace, amity, commerce, and navigation. — 104 September 1, 1833. Explanatory...- -112....................... 112 November 10, 1858. Arbitration of Macedonian claims............. 114 iV TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. C-IINA — July 3, 1844. Peace, amity, and commerce...... -.. -......-............................. -. 116 June 18, 1858. Peace, amity, and commerce -—. -......... —.-.-. - ----------—.-. —-------- 129 November 8, 1858. Regulation of trade........................- -- -............................. 137 November 8, 1858. Clainis.................................................................. 146 July 28, 1868. Additional articles. Amity, commerce, and navigation - -......-... 147 CoLOMBIA, REPUBLIC OF. (See also Ecuador, New Granada, and Venezuela.) October 3, 1824. Peace, amity, navigation, and commerce.................................... 150 COLOMiBIA, UNITED STATES OF. (See also New Granada.) February 10, 1864. Claims....................... 158 COsTA RIcAJuly 10, 1851. Friendship, commerce, and navigation........................................ 159 July 2, 1860. Claims......................................................................- 163 DENMARKIApril 26, 1826. Friendship, commerce, and navigation........................................ 167 March 28, 1830. Indemnity...... 170 April 11, 1857. Sound and Belts dues. —-- 17...3................... 173 July 11, 1861. Additional articles. Consuls.......-.- —.-..... 175 July 20, 1872. Naturalization -. — -- -—.. —...- -.-..- -.............. —----- 176 DiOMINICAN REPUBLICFebruary 8, 1867. Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition.. _... 178 ECUADORJune 13, 1839. Peace, friendship, navigation, and commerce..- -.-. - - -...... 187 November 25, 1862. Claims - -..............-.-.196 May 6, 1872. Naturalization.-........................................................ 197 June 28, 1872. Extradition................................................................. 199 FRANCEFebruary 6, 1778. Alliance................................................................. -201 February 6,1778.' Amity and commerce. —-....... 203 February 6, 1778. Act separate and secret................................................... 213 July 16, 1782. Payment of loan-...2......... 14 February 25, 1783. New loan............................................... 217 November 14, 1788. Consuls. —-.-.. —----------—.. —..-... ——. —-. -—. —- - ---.. 219 September 30, 1800. Peace, commerce, and navigation — 2..2........ April 30, 1803. Cession of Louisiana -.. -.. —---------—............... - - ------ 232 April 30, 1803. Payment of 60,000,000 francs by the United States. 235 April 30, 1803. Claims against France..-..-.-........-. 236 June 24, 1822. Navigation and commerce -............. 243 June 24, 1822. Separate article -- - ------- ------------ --- --- 245 July 4, 1831. Claims; duties on wines andi cottons.- -.-............... — —.-.-.-........ 245 November 9, 1843. Extradition —-.. 247 February 24, 1845. Additional article....................................................... 248 ]?ebruary 23, 1853. Rights, &c., of consuls...................... —-2 ——.- -.-.......... 249 February 10, 1858. Additional article. Extradition......................................-.. 253 April 16, 1869. Trade-marks................................................................ 53 GERMAAN EMPIREDecember 11, 1871. Consuls and trade-marks...............- - -255 GREAT BRITAIN — November 30, 1782. Provisional articles preliminary to peace 261 November 30, 1782. Separate article ——..-.-..-.......264 January 20, 1783. Armistice —------------------- 264 September 3, 1783. Peace. ——. —-—...- -..... —-—.. —--—. ——... —------------ 266 November 19, 1794. Amity, commerce, and navigation....................................... 269 Tovember 19, 1794. Additional article -.......................... —----------—.. —.- 282 Maqy 4, 1796. Explanatory of 3d'article of treaty of 1794 283 March 15, 1798. Explanatory of 5th article of treaty of 1794. -- 283,January 8, 1802. Additional convention to treaty of 1794.- -- 285................ ~85 December 24, 1814. Peace and amity. - - -87 July 3, 1815. Regulation of commerce-.. - -.-.-.......... 292 TABLE OF CONTENTS. V Page. GREAT BRTAIL —ContinuLed. November 24, 1815. Declaration relative to St. Helena.... —-.................................. 295 April 28, 1817. Arrangement for armped vessels on the lakes - -296 November 24, 1817. Declaration of commissioners under 4th article treaty of Ghent.. —----- 296 November 24, 1817. Decision of commissioners; boundar-y -- 297 October 20, 1818. Fisheries, boundary, slaves. —.. —-........-..... 297 June 18, 1822. Decision of commissioners under 6th article treaty of Ghent.- - -. —-. —--—. 300 July 12, 1822. Indemnity under award of Emperor of Russia. -......- 303 November 13, 1826. Indemnity under treaty of Ghent -------------------------—. —-. —--—.. 308 August 6, 1827. Boundary west of Rocky Mountains.- -.. -............. —-. —.-.. --- 310 August 6, 1827. Renewal of commercial conventions -.......................... — - -—....... 311 September 29, 1827. Boundary; differences to be referred.................................... -312 August 9, 1842. Boundary, slave-trade, extradition —.. —...................... — - -------- 315 June 15, 1846. Boundary west of Rocky Mountains.......................................... 320 April 19, 1850. Ship-canalfrom the Atlantic to the Pacific-..................................-.. 322 December 9, 1850. Protocol ceding Horse-Shoe Reef.-... —...,..... 325 February 8, 1853. Claims-.. —- -- -—.. —--—. —.-........ —- -- - —.................. 326 June 5, 1854. Reciprocity -----------—.. —------------....-....... —-. — - -...-..... - 329 July 17, 1854. Additional convention. Claims.-. —------—. —. —- -—. —----------—. ---- 333 April 7, 1862. Suppression of slave-trade..................................-.................. 334 February 17, 1863. Additional article-..-.-.-....... -.. -. 345 July 1, 1863. Claims of Hudson's Bay and Puget Sound Agricultural Companies.............-. 346 September 10, 1869. Award of commissioners..-.........................-. —.... 347 May 13, 1870. Naturalization.. -.. —.-..-.......-. 348 June 3, 1870. Additional convention. Slave-trade-.... —.-..-.... 350 February 23, 1871. Renunciation of naturalization -.-......... 354 May 8, 1871. Amicable settlement of all causes of difference. —-----------—. ——. —------—. 355 January 18, 1873. Sessions of Claims Commission --—... —. ——. —-------------------- -. — —. 368 March 10, 1873. Protocol respecting Northwest Water Boundary.......... —.369 June 7, 1873. Protocol respecting time when articles 18 to 25 and article 30 of treaty of May 8,1871, should go into effect -. —..-.. ----... —-—.. —... —....... —------—. 372 GREEcEDecember 10-22, 1837. Commerce and navigation... -......................................... 373 GUATEMALAMarch 3, 1849. Peace, amity, commerce, and navigation....... --......................... - 378 HANOVERMay 20, 1840. Commerce and navigation.-....- -..................- -387 June 10, 1846. Commerce and navigation.- -.-....-. —...... —-—. —-. —. —. —-. —-------- 391 January 18, 1855. Extradition-.............................................................. —. 396 November 6, 1861. Abolition of Stade or Brunshausen dues.- -...-. —........... —------ 398 H:ANSEATIC REPUBLICSDecember 20, 1827. Friendship, commerce, and navigation -----—. —-----------—. —..... 400 June 4, 1828. Additional article.-. — --.. - -..-. —---- -- -—.. —----—..-. -—.-.. —. —----- 403 April 30, 1852. Consular jurisdiction..404 HIIAWAIIAN ISLANDSDecember 20, 1849. Friendship, commerce, navigation, and extradition —......................-. -406 HAYTINovember 3 1864. Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition-..._- --- -...... 412 IHESSE-CASSEL — March 26, 1844. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration........ 422 HEssE, GRAND DucHY OFAugust 1, 1868. Naturalization..................... 423 [For elector of Hesse, Grand Duke of Hesse and on the Rhine, and Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg, see Prussia and other States.] HONDURASJuly 4, 1864. Friendship, commerce, and navigation --—........ —.-..-.- -4 —---—.. —-.... 426 ITALYFebruary 8, 1868. Rights, &c., of consuls —...,...........-......-... 4.q2 March'23, 1868. Extradition..-......- 4.6...... January 21, 1869. Additional article. Consuls —................ 438 January 21, 1869. Additional article. Extradition -....................................... 438 February 26, 1871. Commerce and navigation.. -............................................. 439 vi TABLE OF COlNTENTS. Pago. JAPAN — March 31, 1854. Peace and amity.-....... -.-.............. -.... -.. 446 June 17, 1857. Opening of Nangasaki; coin, consuls, &c -- -—....... —-. —---- ------------ 448 July 29, 1858. Amity and commerce - -..-... —-----------------—.- ---.. —-... —-. ——. 449 January 28, 1864. Reduction of duties -. —.. —. —-..- - -...... —-. —-—. —-. —----—. —------ 458 October 22, 1864. Indemnity. - ---. --—.... 459 LEW CHEWJuly 11, 1854. Friendship and commerce -.....-............ - - - -......460 LIBERIAOctober 21, 1862. Commerce and navigation............................ -................ -..... 461 MADAGAScARFebruary 14, 1867. Peace, friendship, and commerce. —--- ----—.. —.. —. —--------—. ——. —- 464 MECKLENB URG-SCIWERINDecember 9, 1847. Accession. Commerce and navigation.. —.... —--—.. —--------------. —-- 467 November 26, 1853. Accession. Extradition....-.................. 472 MECKLErNBURG-STRELITZDecember2,1853. Accession. Extradition- ----.................................................. 473 MExICOJanuary 12, 1828. Boundary..- -. —. —..-.,.....,........ -474 April 5, 1831. Additional article —-..- -................ —-—.-. —. ——.-............... 475 April 5, 1831. Amity, commerce, and navigation.. -. -... -....... 476 April 5,1831. Additional article.... --.- -........-..... 486 April 3, 1835. Second additional article.... 486 April 11, 1839. Claims. --- --- -------- ---- --- - 487 January 30, 1843. Payment of awards -490 February 2,1848. Peace, friendship, limits, and settlement ------------------- 492 May 26,1848. Protocol; explanatory -- -------- ---- —..- -. —-------- 502 December 30, 1853. Boundary, isthmus transit, &c —.. —---—....... —-------—. — -. 503 December 11, 1861. Extradition............-............ 506 July 4,1868. Claims - -...- - -.......-...... -509 July 10, 1868. Naturalization - -— 512 April 19,1871. Extension of Claims Commission —-- -.......-...................... 513 November 27, 1872. Revival and extension of Claims Commission............................. 514 MonoccoJanuary, 1787. Peace and friendship.......- -. -...516 January, 1787. Additional article.5 0 —--- -----------—.- ----— 5 — 20 September 16,1836. Peace and friendship................... —....-.. 521 May 31, 1865. Light-house -at Cape Spartel...-.........-. —.-.-.........-...-.. 525 MUSQCATSeptember 21,1833. Amity and commerce. -............ 528 NASSAUMay 27,1846. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigrationi.,..-...........531 NEITIERLANDSOctober 8, 1782. Amity and commerce533 October 8, 1782. Recaptured vessels.-.. —............ 541 January 19, 1839. Commerce and navigation. —.-.......-.. 542 August 26,1852. Supplemental commercial convention-..-....- -.... 544 January 22,1855. American consuls in Dutch colonies.... —-. —--—.. —--—. —-—. —- --—.- 546 NEW GRANADA. (See also Colombia.) December 12,1846. Peace, amity, navigation, and commerce -- —... —. —-.. —.. —.. ——. 550 December 12,1846. Additional article -...-. —-..-.-....... 559 May 4,1850. Consuls -------------------. —----------- -— 560 September 1.0, 1857. Claims.............................................................. 564 -NTICARAGUA — June 21, 1867. Friendship, commerce, and navigation. -- --- - 566 June 25, 1870. Extradition....- -.. -.- 573............ No't'uII GERMAN UNION. (See Prussia; German Empire.) 1February 2o, 1868. Natu'alization... ~.. - -.-...~........... ~. 1..., 575 June 12, 1871. Protocol. Naturalization.... ~........ —' — 76 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Vii Page. OLDENBURGMarch 10, 1847. Accession. Commerce, and navigation ---. -. — 578 December 30, 1853. Accession. Extradition -.. -....... —.-..... 579 ORANGE FREE STATE — December 22,1871. Friendship, commerce, and extradition - -................................. 580 OTTOMAN EMPIREi — May 7, 1830. Commerce and navigation. - -. ------—.-.-. 583 February 25, 1862. Commerce and navigation.-............................. - -.- D...... 585 PARAGUAYFebruary 4, 1859. United States and Paraguay Navigation Company. —....-...... — 592 February 4, 1859. Friendship, commerce, and navigation ---- - - - -------.. 594 PERSIADecember 13, 1856. Friendship and commerce.. --—. —. —.... b_. —-- - 599 PERU-BOLIVIA — November 30, 1836. Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation —...-.. ----.. 602 PE RUMarch 17, 1841. Claims.. -......-........ - -611 July 26, 1851. Friendship, commerce, and navigation-....... 612 July 22, 1856. Rights of neutrals at sea. 623 July 4, 1857. Interpreting 12th article of treaty of 1851. —....-...... —.._..- 625 December 20,1862. Ships Lizzie Thompson and Georgianna. —-. —..-.......... —--------- 627 January 12, 1863. Claims................................................................... 628 December 4, 1868. Claims....... 630 PORTUGALAugust 26, 1840. Commerce and navigation. ----. —....... 634 February 26,1851. ClaimS. —.... —.-........................................ 639 PRUSSIA. (See also North German Union and German Emspire.) September 10, 1785. Amity and commerce -...............-..- -...... 641 July 11, 1799. Amity and commerce......................................................... _ 648 May 1, 1828. Commerce and navigation. -........... —......-....... 656 PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATESJune 16,1852. Extradition....-................... -. ——.660 November 16, 1852. Additional article. Extradition........................................ 662 RUSSIAApril 5-17, 1824. Navigation, fishing, &c., in Pacific Ocean. -.............................. 664 December 6-18, 1832. Commerce'and navigation...... - -. 666 December 6-18, 1832. Separate article.............................. 669 July 22, 1854. Rights of neutrals at sea -.-.-,-......... - - - -.. - --..-.,- -. - - - - - 670 March 30, 1867. Cession of Russian possessions in North America................... 671 January 27, 1868. Additional article. Trade-marks -. — -... —---- -------- ---- --—. —-- 674 SAN SALVADOR — January 2,1850. Amity, navigation, and commerce _ _._ -........ o.O _ _. 675 SARDINIANovember 26, 1838. Commerce and navigation.. -.................. 684 November 26, 1838. Separate article........................................................ 689 SAxONYMay 14,1845. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration............. 690 SCHAUMBURG LIPPEJune 7, 1854. Accession, extradition.........-......... I - - -. 692 SIAMMarch 20, 1833. Amity and commerce.-. -,,,. --- -. O O -...- 693 May 29, 1856. Amity and commerce —..-O-O... —---- D -- - _ - _ _ __-.-_ _ O__O _ _ _.__O 695 December 17-31, 1867. Modification l -.. --—. -. —-.___ —— _._0 ___ 702 SPAINOctober 27, 1795. Friendship, limits, and navigation.-.. 7............704 August 11, 1802. Indemnity -... -.. -...... - —........- - - - - —... 711. February 22,1819. Amity, settlement, ancl limits. (Cession of Florida). -......... 712 February 17, 1834. Claims.-.... —......... 71.8... February 12, 1871. Indemnity for wrongs in Cuba.-7............. 7...20. Viii TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. SWEDENApril 3,1783. Amity and commerce........................................................ 722 April 3,1783. Separate articles - - - - - - - - - O.. - - - o -. 729 SWEDEN AND NORWAY —September 4, 1816. Amity and commerce...........' -.. -.. 731 July 4, 1827. Commerce and navigation.....oo-oO n..o. 736 July 4, 1827. Separate article - - - i.- - - - -..O o -. Do- - --- 742 March 21, 1860. Extradition................................................................. - 742 May 26, 1869. Naturalization.. O - - ---- O. —--- I - ---- a. — o-. — - oc —o - 744 May 26, 1869. Protocol, naturalization.-. —-- -------—..,.-. —....- - 745 SWISS CONFEDERATIONMay 18,1847. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration. —.......................... 747 November 25, 1850. Friendship, commerce, and extradition............................. 748 TEXASApril 11, 1838. Indemnity for brigs Pocket and Durango..................................... 753 April 25, 1838. Boundary.... -.. -. a-o- o- o -o o o --- o. n o oo 754 TRIPOLINovember 4, 1796. Peace and friendship-.. -................- 755 June 4, 1805. Peace and friendship......................................................... 758 TuNIsAugust, 1797-March 26, 1799. Peace and friendship. -- -- -. O -- - - - -D.-. - - -- - - -- 763 February 24,1824. Altered articles,. o... 0 -_ o-c.. o.....-.... O- -O.. O. - - 9 - 768 TWO SICILIESOctober 14, 1832.-Indemnity-. 00.............................................................. 771 December 1, 1845. Commerce and navigation. —. 772 January 13, 1855.:Rights of neutrals at sea -......................................-. —--- 777 October 1, 1855. Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition............................... 778 VENEZUELAJanuary 20, 1836. Peace, friendship, navigation, and commerce......- -.o...... 787 January 14, 1859. Aves Island claims. 796 August 27, 1860. Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition... - -. -....... —..-. 797 April 25, 1866. Claims......................................... 806 WURTTEMBERG — April 10, 1844. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and'taxes on emigration.. 809 October 13,1853. Accession. Extradition....__ - -.0. —.. 810 July 27, 1868. Naturalization.. O811 LIST OF TREATIES CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED....................................... -.- -... 813 INDEX..-.......................................................... 819 PU l/ BLI C T REATIES. ALGIERS. [All of the treaties with Algiers ceased to be operative by reason of the'French conquest of that country.] ALGIERS, 1795. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY BETWEEN THE DEY OF ALGIERS AND THIE Sept. 5,1795. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CONCLUDED SEPTEMBER 5, 1795; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARiCH 2, 1796. A treaty Of peace and amity, concluded this present day I-Ima Artasi, the twenty-first of the Luna Safer, year of the Begira 1210, corresponding,with Saturday, the fifth of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, between Hassan Bashaw, Dey of Algiers, his Divan and Subjects, and George Washilgton, President of the United States of North America, and the Citizens Qf the said United States. ARTICLE I. From the date of the present treaty there shall subsist a firm and Peaceand amity. sincere peace and amity between the President and citizens of the'United States of North America and Hassan Bashaw, Dey of Algiers, his Divan and subjects; the vessels and subjects of both nations reciprocally treating each other with civility, honor, and respect. ARTICLE II All vessels belonging to the citizens of the United States of North Commercial inAmerica shall be permitted to enter the different ports of the Regency, tercourse. to trade with our subjects, or any other persons residing within our jurisdiction, on paying the usual duties at our custom-house that is paid by all nations at peace with this Regency; observing that all goods,disembarked and not sold here shall be permitted to be re-embarked without paying any duty whatever, either for disembarking or embarking. All naval and military stores, such as gunpowder, lead, iron, plank, sulphur, timber for building, tar, pitch, rosin, turpentine, and any other goods denominated naval and military stores, shall be permitted to be sold in this Regency without paying any duties whatever at the customhouse of this Regency. ARTICLE III. The vessels of both nations shall pass each other without any imped- Vessels not to be iment or molestation; and all goods, moneys, or passengers, of whatso- molested. ever nation, that mavy be on board of the vessels belonging to either party shall be considered as inviolacblee and shall be allowed to p)ass unmolested. Il S IV —1 2 PUBLIC TRIEATIES. ARTICLE ITV. Visitation ofves- All ships of war belonging to this Regency, on meeting withl merchantsels at sea. -vessels belonging to citizens of the United States, shall be allowed to visit themn with two persons only beside the rowers; these two only permitted to go on board said vessel without obtaining express leave from the commander of said vessel, who shall compare the passport, and inmediately permit said vessel to proceed on her voyage unmolested. All ships of war belonging to the United States of North America, on meeting with an Algerine cruiser, and shall have seen her passport and certificate from the Consul of the United States of North America, resident in this Regency, shall be permitted to proceed on her cruise unnmo Passports for lested; no passport to be issued to any ships but such as are absolutely vessels of United the property of citizens of the United States, and eighteen months shall be the term allowed for furnishing the ships of the United States with passports. ARTICLE V. Restriction upon No commander of any cruiser belonging to this Regency shall be Algerine cruisers. allowed to take any person, of whatever nation or denomination, out of any vessel belonging to the United States of North America, in order to examine them, or under pretence of making them confess anything de* ired; neither shall they inflict any corporal punishment, or any way else molest them. ARTICLE VI. Stranded vessels If any vessel belonging to the United States of North America shall of United States. be stranded on the coast of this Regency, they shall receive every possible assistance from the subjects of this Regency. All goods saved from the wreck shall be permitted to be re-embarked on board of ally other vessel without paying any duties at the custom-house. ARTICLE VII. Sale of vessels of The Algerines are not, on any pretence whatever, to give or sell any wa,'. vessel of war to any nation at war with the United States of North America, or any vessel capable of cruising to the detriment of the commerce of the United States. ARTICLE VIlI. Purchase of Any citizen of the United States of North America, having boughlt prizes. any prize condemned by the Algerines, shall not be again captured by thle cruisers of the Regency then at sea, although they have not a passport; a certificate from the Consul Resident being deemed sufficient until such time they can procure such passport. ARTICLE IX. Captured Ameri- If any of the Barbary States at war with the United States of North can vessels. Americashall capture any American vessel and bring her into any of the ports of this Regency, they shall not be permitted to sell her, blut shall depart the port on procuring the requisite supplies of provision. ARTICLE X. United States Any vessel belonging to the United States of North Armerica, when prizes. at war with any other nation, shall be permitted to send their prizes into the ports of the RegencSy, hlave leave to dispose of them without Purchase of pro- paying any duties on sale thereof. A11 vessels wanting provisions or visions. refreshments shall be permitted to buy them at market price. ALGIERS, 1795. 3 ARTICLE XI. All ships of war belonging to the United States of North America, on Tret, m e n t of anchoring in the ports of the Regency, shall receive the usual presents shlips of war of of provisions and refreshments gratis. Should any of the slaves of this United States. Regency make their escape on board said vessels, they shall be irmmne. diately returned. No excuse shall be made that they have hid themselves amongst the people and cannot be found, or any other equivocation. ARTICLE XI. No citizen of the United States of North America shall be obliged to Slaves. redeem any slave against his will, even should he be his brother; neither shall the owner of a slave be forced to sell him against his will, but all such agreements must be made by consent of parties. Should Captured Ameriany American citizen be taken on board an enemy ship by the cruisers cans. of this Regency, having a regular passport specifying they are citizens of the United States, they shall be immediately set at liberty. On the contrary, they having no passport, they and their property shall be considered lawful prize, as this Regency know their friends by their passports. ARTICLE XIII. Should any of the citizens of the United States of North America die Estates of citiwithin the limits of this Regency, the Dey and his subjects shall not zeus of Unitted interfere with the property of the deceased; but it shall be under the State ingthe immediate direction of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. R Should there be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property. Neither shall the Dey or Divan give hindrance in the execution of any will'that may appear. ARTICLE XIV. Nq o citizen of the United States of North America shall be obliged to Purcha s e of purchase any goods against his will, but on the contrary, shall be allowed goods. to purchase whatever it pleaseth him. The Consul of the United States of North America, or any other citizen, shall not be amenable for debts Paym nt of contracted by any one of their own nation, unless previously they have debts. given a written obligatin so ligati to do. Sho uld to do. Should the Dey want to freight any American vessel that may be in the Regency, or Turkey, said ves- Charter of vessel not being engaged, in consequence of -the friendship subsisting sels by the Dey. between the two nations he expects to have the preference given him, on his paying the same freight offered by any other nation. ARTICLE XV. A-ny disputes or suits at law that may take place between the sub- Settle m e n t of jects of the Regency and the citizens of the United States of North disputes. America shall be decided by the Dey in person, and no other. Any disputes that may arise between the citizens of the United States shall be decided by the Consul, as they are in such cases not subject to the laws of this Regency. ARTICLE XVI. Should any citizen of the United States of North America kill, Punishment for wound, or strike a subject of this Regency, he shall be punished in the assault. same manner as a Turk, and not with more severity. Should any citizen of the United 3States of North America in the above predicament, escape prison, the Consul shall not become answerable for him. 4 PUBIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XVII. Privileges of the The Consul of the United States of North America shall have every c tons u 1 of the personal security given him and his household He shall have liberty United States.. to exercise his religion in his own house. All slaves of the same religion shall not be impeded in going to said Consul's house at hours of prayer. The Consul shall have liberty and personal security given him to travel, whenever he pleases, within the Regency. He shall have fi'e license to go on board any vessel lying in our roads, whenever he shall think fit. The Consul shall have leave to appoint his own dragoman and broker. ARTICLE XVIII. Case of war. Should a war break out between the two nations, the Consul of the United States of North America, and all citizens of said States, shall have leave to embark themselves and property unmolested on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper. ARTICLE XIX. Captured ci ti - Should the cruisers of Algiers capture any vessel having citizens of zens to be liber- the United States of North America on board, they having papers to ated. prove they are really so, they and their property shall be immediately discharged. And should the vessels of the United States capture any vessels of nations at war with them, having subjects of this Regency on board, they shall be treated in like manner. ARTICLE XX. Salutes. On a vessel of war belonging to the United States of North America anchoring in our ports, the Consul is to inform the Dey of her arrival, and she shall be saluted with twenty-one guns, which she is to return in the same quantity or number. And the Dey will send fresh provisions on board, as is customary, gratis. ARTICLE XXI. Free entry for The Consul of the United States of North Americea shall not be reconsul. quired to pay duty for anything he brings from a foreign country for the use of his house and family. ARTICLE XXII. Viol ations of Should any disturbance take place between the citizens of the United treaty. States and the subjects of this Regency, or break any article of this treaty, war shall not be declared immediately, but everything shall be searched into regularly. The party injured shall be made reparation. Date of treaty. On the 21st of the Luna of Safer, 1210, corresponding with the 5th September, 1795, Joseph Donaldson, jun., on the part of the United [See Article IV, States of North America, agreed with Hassan Bashaw, Dey of Algiers, treaty of 1815, p. to keep the articles contained in this treaty sacred and iniviolable, which 6.] we, the Dey and Divan, promise to observe, on consideration of the Snm to be paid United States paying annually the value of twelve thousand Algerine to the Dey. sequins in maritime stores. Should the United States forward a larger quantity, the overplus shall be paid for in money by the Dey and Re. Subsequent cap- gency. Any vessel that may be captured from the date of this treaty tu res to be re- of peace and amity shall immediately be delivered up on her arrival inl stored. Algiers. VIZER HASSAN3 BASHAW. JOSEPfI DOiNALDSON, JUN. [Seal of Algiers stamped at the foot of the original treaty in Arabic.] ALGIERS, 1.815. 5 To all to whom these presents shall come or be made known: Whereas the underwritten, David Humphreys, hath been duly ap- Certificato of pointed Connmmissioner Plenipotentiary by letters-patent, under the sig- DavidHlumphreys. nature of the President and seal of the United States of America, dated the 30th of March, 1795, for negociating and concluding a treaty of peace with the Dey and Governors of Algiers; whereas, by instructions, given to him on the part of the Executive, dated the 28th of March and 4th of April, 1795, he hath been further authorized to employ Joseph Donaldson, junior, on an agency in the said business; whereas, by a writing under his harnd and seal, dated 21st May, 1795, he did constitute and appoint Joseph Donaldson, junior, agent in the business aforesaid; and the said Joseph Donaldson, jun., did, on the 5th of September, 1795, agree with Hiassan Bashaw, Dey of Algiers, to keep the articles of the preceding treaty sacred and inviolable: Now know ye that I, David Hunlphreys, Commissioner Plenipoten- F i n al ratificatiary aforesaid, do approve and conclude the said treaty, and every tion reserved to article and clause therein contained; reserving the same, nevertheless, President oft the for the final ratification of the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said United States. In testimony whereof I have signed the same with my hand and seal, at the City of Lisbon, this 28th of November, 1795. [L. S.] DAVID HUMPHREYS. ALGIERS, 1815. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES June 30 —July 6, OF AMERICA AND HIS HIGHNESS OMAR BASHAW, DEY OF ALGIERS, 1815. JUNE 30 AND JULY 6, 1815; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE DECEMBER 11, 1815; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DECEMBER 26, 1815; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 26, 1815. [Renewed December 22-23, 1816.] ARETICLE I. There shall be, from the conclusion of this treaty, a firm, inviolable, Peaceandfriendand universal peace and friendship between the President and citizens of ship. the United States of America on the one part, and the Dey and subjects of the Regency of Algiers, in Barbary, on the other, made by the free consent of both parties and on the terms of the most favored nations. And if either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any par- Favors granted ticular favor or privilege in navigation or commerce, it shall immnedi- to other nations to ately become common to the other party; freely, when it, is freely become common. granted to such other nations, but when the grant is conditional, it shall be at the option of the contracting parties to accept, alter, or reject such conditions, in such manner as shall be most conducive to their respective interests. ARTICLE II. It is distinctly understood between the contratring parties, that no Ab o lition of tribute, either as biennial presents, or under any other form or name tribute. whatever, shall ever be required by the Dey and Regency of Algiers from the United States of America, on any pretext whatever. ARTICLE III. Th1e Dey of Algiers shall cause to be immediately delivered up to the Prisoners to be American squadron now off Algiers all the American citizens now in his restored. possession, amounllting to ten, more or less; and:ll al the subjects of the Dey of Algiers, now in possession of the United States, amounting to 6 PUBLIC TREATIES. five hundred, more or less, shall be delivered up to him; the UInited States, according to the usages of civilized nations, requiring no ransom for the excess of prisoners in their favor. AIRTICLE IV. Indemnification A just and full compensation shall be made b.y the Dey of Algiers to to American citi- such citizens of the United States as have been captured and detained ZellS.. by Algerine cruisers, or who have been forced to abandon their property X[See Article in Algiers, in violation of the twenty-second article of the treaty of peace XXII, treat yey o a 1795, p. 4.] and amity concluded between the United States and the Dey of Algiers on the fifth of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five. And it is agreed between the contracting parties that, in lieu of the above, the Dey of Algiers shall cause to be delivered forthwith into the hands of the American Consul residing at Algiers, the whole of a quantity of bales of cotton left by the 1-ate Consul-General of the United States in the public magazines in Algiers; and that he shall pay into the hands of the said Consul the sum of ten thousand Spanish dollars. ARTICLE V. Enemy's proper- If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties ty. are at war should be loaded on board vessels belonging to the other party, they shall pass free and unmolested, and no attempts shall be made to take or detain them. ARTICLE VI. Treatfment of If any citizens or subjects, with their effects, belonging to either citizens taken on party, shall be found on board a prize vessel taken from an enemy by board an enemy's the other party, such citizens or subjects shall be liberated immediately, esseallnd in no case, or on any other pretence whatever, shall any American citizen be kept in captivity or confinement, or the property of any American citizen found on board of any vessel belonging to any other nation with which Algiers may be at war be detained from its lawful owners after the exhibition of sufficient proofs of Afmierican citizenship and of American property, by the Consul of the United States residing it Algiers. ARTICLE VII. Passports to ves- Proper passports shall immediately be given to the vessels of both sels. the contracting parties, on condition that the vessels of war belonging to the Regency of Algiers, on meeting with merchant-vessels belonging to the citizens of the United States of America, shall not be permitted Right of visit re- to visit them with more than two persons besides the rowers; these only shall be permitted to go on board without first obtaining leave Iroml the commander of said vessel, who shall compare the passport, and immediately permit said vessel to proceed on her voyage; and should Abuse of right of any of the subjects of Algiers insult or molest the comma.nder, or any visit. other person, on board a vessel so visited, or plunder any of the property contained in her, on complaint being made by the Consul of the United States residing in Algiers, and on his producing sufficient proof to substantiate the fact, the commander or rais of said Algerine ship or vessel of war, as well as the offenders, shall be punished in the most exemplary manner. Vessels wit h All vessels of war belonging to tohe United States of America, on meetpmssports not to be ing a cruiser belonging to the Regency of Algiers, on having seen her molested. passports and certificates from the Consul of the United States residing in Algiers, shall permit her to proceed on her cruise Lunmolested and without detention. No passport shall be granted by either party to any vessels but such as are absolutely the property of citizens or subjects of the said contracting parties, on any pretence whatever. ALGIERS, 1815. 7 ARTICLE VIII. A citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties having bougght What shall be a prize vessel condemned by the other party, or by any other natiion, sufficient passport the certificates of condemni ation and bill ot sale shall be a sufficient passport foir such vessel for six moniths; which, considering the distance between the two countries, is no more than a reasonable time for her to procure proper passports. ARTICLE IX. Vessels of either of the contracting parties putting into ports of the Vessels needing other, and having need of provisions or other supplies, shall be fur- supplies or repairs. nished at the market price; and if any such vessel should so put in from a disaster at sea, and have occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to ]and and re-embark her cargo without paying any customs or duties whatever; but in no case shall she be compelled to land her cargo. ARTICLE X. Should a vessel of either of the contracting parties be cast on shore Wrecks. within the territories of the other, all proper assistance shall be given to her crew; no pillage shall be allowed; the property shall remain at the disposal of the owners; andl if reshipped on board of any vessel for exportation, no customs or duties whatever shall be required to be paid thereon, and the crew shall be protected and succored until they can be sent to their own country. ARTICLE XI. If a vessel of either of the contracting parties shall be attacked by Prote c t i o n of an enemy within cannon-shot of the forts of the other, she shall be vessels in ports. protected as much as is possible. If she be in port she shall not be seized or attacked when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; alnd, when shie proceeds -to sea, no enemy shall be permitted to pursue her from the same port within twenty-four hours after her departure. ARTICLE XII. The commerce between the United States of America and the Regency Most favored naof Algiers, the protections to be given to merchants, masters of vessels, tion clause. and seamen, the reciprocal rights of establishing Consuls in each country, and the privileges, iminunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such Consuls, are declared to be on the same footing, in every respect, with the most favored nations, respectively. ARTICLE XIII. The Consul of the United States of Amierica shall not be responsible Consul not liable for the debts contracted by citizens of his own nation, unless he pre- for debts of citiviously gives written obligations so to do. zes ARTICLE XIV. On a vessel or vessels of war belonging to the United States anchor- Salutes. ing before the city of Algiers, the Consul is to inform the Dey of her arrival, when she shall receive the salutes which are, by treaty or custom, given to the ships of war of the most faivored nlations on sinmilar occasions, allelnd which shall be 1returned gunl for lgun; and it; after suche arrival, so announced, any Christians nwhatsoever, captives in Algiers, tiChristian capmake their escape andI takie refige on board any of the ships of warli T8 PUBLIC TREATIES. they shall not be required back again, nor shall the Consul of the United States or commanders of said ships be required to pay anything for the said Christians. ARTICLE X V. Religious liber- As the Government of the United States of America has, in itself, no ty. character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity of any nation, and as the said States have never entered into any voluntary war or act of hostility except in defence of their just rights on the high seas, it is declared, by the contracting parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two nations; and the Consuls and Agents of both nations shall have liberty to celebrate the rites of their respective religions in their own houses. Privileges of The Consuls, respectively, shall have liberty and personal security Consuls. given them to travel within the territories of each other, both by land and sea, and shall not be prevented from going on board any vesselsthey may think proper to visit; they shall likewise have liberty to appoint their own dragoman and broker. ARTICLE XVI. Violation s of In case of any dispute arising from the violation of any of the articles treaty. of this treaty, no appeal shall be made to arms, nor shall war be declared on any pretext whatever; but if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, the Government of that country shall state their grievance inl writing and transmit the same to the Government of the other, and the period of three months shall be allowed for answers to be returned, during which time no act of hostility shall be permitted by either party; and in case Case of war. the grievances are not redressed, and a war should be the event, the Consuls and citizens and subjects of both parties, respectively, shall be permitted to embark with their effects unmolested, on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper, reasonable time being allowed for that purpose. ARTICLE XVII. Prisoners of war. If, in the course of events, a war should break out between the two nations, the prisoners captured by either party shall not be imade slaves; they shall not be forced to hard labor, or other confinement than such as may be necessary to secure their safe-keeping, and shaill be exchanged rank for rank; and it is agreed that prisoners shall be, exchanged in twelve months after their capture; and the exchange may be effected by any private individual legally authorized by either of the parties. ARTICLE XVIII. Treat men of If any of the Barbary States, or other powers at war with the United zSee article ad- States, shall capture any American vessel and send her into any port ditional a nd ex- of the Regency of Algiers, they shall not be permitted to sell her, but planatory, treaty shall be forced to depart the port on procuring the requisite supplies of of 1816, p. 13.] provisions; but the vessels of war of the United States, with any prizes they may capture from their enemies, shall have liberty to frequent the ports of Algiers for refreshments of any kind, and to sell such prizes in the said ports, without any other customs or duties than such as are customary on ordinary coummercial importations..AITICLE XIX. Settlem e n t of If any of the citizens of the United States, or any persons under their disputes. protection, shall have ally disputes with each other, the Consul shall decide between the parties; and whenever the Consul shall require any ALGIERS, 1816. 9 aid or assistance from the Government of Algiers to enforce his decision, it shall be immediately granted to him; and if any disputes shall arise between any citizens of the United States and the citizens or subjects of any other nation having a Consul or Agent in Algiers, such disputes shall be settled by the Consuls or Agents of the respective nations; and any disputes or suits at law that may take place between any citizens of the United States and the subjects of the Regency of Algiers shall be decided by the Dey in person, arnd no other. ARTICLE XX. If a citizen of the United States should kill, wound, or strike a subject Punishment for of Algiers, or, on the contrary, a subject of Algiers should kill, wound, assault. or strike a citizen of the United States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the Consul assisting at the trial; but the sentence of punishment against an American citizen shall not be greater or more severe than it would'be against a Turk in the same predicament; and if any delinquent should make his escape, the Consul shall not be responsible for him in any manner whatever. ARTICLE XXI. The Consul of the United States of America shall not be required to Free entry for pay any customs or duties whatever on anything he imports from a for- Consul of United cign country for the use of his house and family. States. ARTICLE XXII. Should any of the citizens of the United States of America (lie within Estates of cltithe limits of the Regency of Algiers, the Dey and his subjects shall not zens of Un i t ed interfere with the property of the deceased, but it shall be under the States dying i the immediate direction of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. Regency. Should there be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property; neither shall the Dey or his subjects give hinderance in the execution of any will that may appear. I certify the foregoing to be a true copy of a treaty of peace nego- Certificate of tiated by Commodore Decatur and myselt' with the Regency of Algiers, William Shaler. and signed by the Dey of that Regency on the 30th June, 1815. Date. On board the United States ship Guerriere, 6th July, 1815. Date. WM. SHALER. ALGIERS, 1816. RENEWED TREATY WITH ALGIERS. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY, CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE UNITED Dec. 22-23, 1816. STATES OF AMERICA AND THE DEY AND REGENCY OF ALGIERS DECEMBER 22 AND 23, 1816; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 1, 1822; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 11, 1822; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 11, 1822. The President of the United States and the Dey of Algiers, being Contracting pardesirous to restore and' maintain, upon a stable and permanent footig, ties. the relations of peace and good understanding between the two powers, and for this purpose to renew the treaty of peace and. acmity which was concluded between the two States by William Shaler and Commodore Stephen Decatur, as Commissioners Plenipotentiary on the part of the United States, and Hi HiHilless Omar Pashaw, Diey of Algiers, on the 30th of June, 1815. 10 PUBLIC TRHEATIES. Negotiators. The President of the United States having subsequeently nominated and appointed, by commission, the above-named William Shaler, aiid Isaac Chauncey, Comnmodore and Commanlader inl Chief of all the Nctval Forces of the United States in the Mediterraniean, Commissioners Plenipotentiary, to treat with His iHighness the Dey of Algiers for the renewal of the treaty aforesaid; and they have concluded, settled, and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be, from the conclusion of this treaty, a firm, perpetual, ship. inviolable, and universal peace and friendship between the President and citizens of the United States of America, on the one part, and the Dey and subjects of the RPegency of Algiers, in Barbary, on the other, made by the free consent of both parties, and on the terms of the most Favors granted fatvored nations; and if either party shall hereafter grant to any other to other nations to nation any particular favor or privilege in navigation or commlerce it become conlloi... shall immediately become common to the other party; freely, when freely it is granted to such other nations, but when the grant is conditional, it shall be at the option of the contracting parties to accept, alter, or reject such conditions, in such manner as shall be most conducive to their respective interests. ARlTICLE IS. Tribute a b ol- It is distinctly understood between the contracting parties that no tished tribute, either as biennial presents, or under ainy other form or name whatever, shall be required by the Dey and Regency of Algiers from the United States of America, on any pretext whatever. ARTICLE ITI. Restitutio l of Relates to the mutual restitution of prisoners and subjects, and has prisoners. e;tiles III been duly executed. [See Articles III an.d IV, treaty of ARTICLE IV. 1815, pp. 5, 6.] Delivery of cot- Relates to the delivery, into the hands of the Consul General, of a toll, &. quantity of bales of cotton, &c., and has been duly executed. ARTICLE V. Enemy's proper- If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties ty. are at war should be loaded on board vessels belonging to the other party, they shall pass free and unmolested and no attempt shall be made to take or detain them. ARTICLE VI. Treat m e n t of If any citizens or subjects, belonging to either party, shall be found cit zens taklen on on board a prize vessel taken from an enemy by the other piarty, such vessel. citizens or subjects shall be liberated immediately, and in no case, or on any pretence whatever, shall any American citizen be kept in captivity or confinement, or the property of any American citizen found on board of any vessel belonging to any nation. with which Algiers may be at war, be detained from its lawful owners after the exhibition of sufficient proofs of American citizenship and American property, by the Consul of the United States residing at Algiers. ARTICLE VII. Passports to yes- Proper passports shall immeadiately be givenl to the vessels of both sels. the contrlacting parties, on conditionl that the vessels of war belolnging to the'tegency of Algiers, on meeting withl merchallnt vessels belongi.g to the citizeIls of the Unlited States of America, shall not be pl)ermuitted to ALGIERS, 1816. 1 visit them with.more than two persons besides the rowers; these only Right of visit shall be permitted to go on board without first obtaining leave from the limited. commander of said vessel, who shall compare the passports, and im.mediately permit said vessel to proceed on her voyage; and should any of the subjects of Algiers insult or molest the commander, or any other Abuse of right person on board a vessel so visited, or plunder any of the property con- of visit. tained in her, on complaint being made to the Consul of the United States residing in Algiers, and on his producing sufficient proofs to substantiate the fact, the commander or rais of said Algerine ship or vessel of war, as well as the offenders, shall be punished in the most exemplary manner. All vessels of war belonging to the United States of America, on meet- Vessels with ing a cruiser belonging to the Regency of'Algiers, on having seen her passports not to be passports and certificates from the Consul of the United States residing molested. in Algiers, shall permit her to proceed on her cruise unmolested, and without detention. No passport shall be granted by either party to any vessels but such as are absolutely the property of citizens or subjects of the said contracting parties, on any pretence whatever. ARTICLE VIII. A citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties having bought WVhat shall be a prize vessel condemned by the other party, or by any other nationu sufficient passport. the certificates of condemnation and bill of sale shall be a sufficient passport for such vessel for six months; which, considering the distance between the two countries, is no more than a reasonable time for her to procure passports. ARTICLE IX. Vessels of either of the contracting parties putting into the ports of Vessels needing the other, and having need of provisions or other supplies, shall be fur- supplies or repairs. nished at the market price; and if any such vessel should so put in from a disaster at sea, and have occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to land and reinmbark her cargo, without paying iany customs or duties whatever; but in no case shall be compelled to land her cargo. ARTICLE X. Should a vessel of either of the contracting parties be cast on shore Wrecks. within the territories of the other, all proper assistance shall be given to her and her crew; no pillage shall be allowed; the property shall remain at the disposal of the owners; and, if reshipped on board of any vessel for exportation, no customs or duties whatever shall be required to be paid thereon, and the crew shall be protected and succored until they can be sent to their own country. ARTICLE XI. If a vessel of either of the contracting parties shall be attacked by an Prote c t i o n of enemy within cannon shot of the forts of the other, she shall be pro- vessels in ports. tected as much as is possible. If she be in port, she shall not be seized or attacked when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; and when she proceeds to sea, no enemy shall be permitted to pursue her from the same port within twenty-four hours after her departure. ARTICLE XII. The commerce between the United States of America and the Regency Most favored naof Algiers, the protections to be given to Pmerchants, lmasters of vessels, tion clause. and seamen, the reciprocal rights of establishing Consuls in each country, the privileges, immunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such 12 PUBLIC TREATIES. Consuls, are declared to be on the same footing, in every respect, with the most favored nations, respectively. ARTICLE XIII. Consul not liable The Consul of the United States of America shall not be responsible for debts of citi- for debebts contracted by the citizens of his own country, unless he ZenS. gives previously written obligation so to do. ARTICLE XIV. Salutes. On a vessel or vessels of war belonging to the United States anchoring before the city of Algiers, the Consul is to inform the Dey of her:arrival, when she shall receive the.salutes which are, by treat-y or custom, given to the ships of war of the most favored nations on similar occasions, and which shall be returned gun for gunl; and if; after such arrival, so anChristian cap- nonunced, any Christians whatever, captives in Algiers, make their tives. escape and take refuge on board ainy of the said ships of war, they shall not be required back again, nor shall the Consul of the United States or commander of the said ship be required to pay anything for the said Christians. ARTICLE XV. Religious liber- As the Government of the United States has, in itself, no character ty. of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity of any nation. and as the said States have never entered into any voluntary war or act of hostility except in defence of their just rights on the high seas, it is declared, by the contracting parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the haurmony between the two nations; and the Consuls and Agents of both nations shall have liberty to celebrate the rights of their respective religions in their own houses. Privilege s of The Consuls, respectively, shall have liberty and personal security consuls. given them to travel within the territories of each other by land and sea, and shall not be prevented from going on board any vessel they may think proper to visit; they shall likewise have the liberty to appoint their own dragoman and broker. ARTICLE XVI. Violation s of In case of any dispute arising from the violation of any of the articles treaty. of this treaty no appeal shall be made to arms, nor shall war be dleclared on any pretext whatever; but if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, the Government of that country shall state their grievance in writing, and transmit the same to the Government of the other, and the period of three months shall be allowed for answers to be returned, during which Case of war. time no act of hostility shall be permitted by either party; and in case the grievances are not redressed, and a war should be the event, the Consuls, and citizens, and subjects of both parties, respectively, shall be permitted to embark with their effects unmolested on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper; reasonable time being allowed for that purpose. ARTICLE XVII. Prisoners of war. If, in the course of events, a war should break out between the two nations, the prisoners captured by either party shall not be made slaves; they shall not be forced to hard labor, or other conifnement than such as may be necessary to secure their safe-keeping, and shall be exchanged rankl for rankll; and it is agreed that prisoners shall be exchanged in twelve months after their capture; and the exchange mtay be effected by any private individual legally althorizecd by either cof the lpa.rties. ALGIERS, 1816. 13 ARTICLE XVIII. If any of the Barbary Powers, or other States at war with the United Treatmen t of States, shall capture any American vessel and send her into any port prizes. of the Regency of Algiers, they shall not be permitted to sell her, but shall be forced to depart the port on procuring the requisite supplies of provisions; but the vessels of war of the United States, with any prizes they may capture from their enemies, shall have liberty to frequent the ports of Algiers for refreshment of any kind, and to sell such prizes in. the said ports, without paying any other customs or duties than such as are customary on ordinary commercial importations. ARTICLE XIX. If any of the citizens of the United States, or any persons under their Settlr'm e u t, of protection, shall have any disputes with each other, the Consul shall disputes. decide between the parties; and whenever the Consul shall require any aid or assistance from the Goveinment of Algiers to enforce his decision, it shall be immediately granted to him; and if any disputes shall arise between any citizens of the United States and the citizens or subjects of any other nations having a Consul or Agent in Algiers, such disputes shall be settled by the Consuls or Agents of the respective nations; and any disputes or suits at law that mnay take place between any citizens of the United States and the subljects of the Regency of Algiers, shall be decided by the Dey in person, and no other. ARTICLE XX. If a citizen of the United States should kill, wound, or strike a sub- Punishmlent for ject of Algiers, or, on the contrary, a subject of Algiers should kill, assault. wound, or strike a citizen of the United States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the Consul assisting at the trial; but the sentence of punishmelnt against an American citizen shall not be greater or more severe than it would be against a Turk in the same predicament; and if any delinquent should make his escape, the Consul shall not be responsible for him in any manner whatever. ARTICLE XXI. The Consul of the United States of America shall not be required to Free entry for pay any customs or duties whatever on anything he imports froml a for- Consul of United eign country for the use of his house and family. States. ARTICLE XXII. Should any of the citizens of the United States of America die within Estates of citithe Regency of Algiers, the Dey and his subjects shall not interferewith zens of Un i t e cl the property of the deceased, but it shall be under the immediate direc- States dying in the tion of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. Should there Regency. be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property; neither shall the Dey or his subjects give hindrance in the execution of any will that may appear. ARTICLE ADDITIONAL AND EXPLANATORY. The United States of America, in order to give to the Dey of Algiers Modification o f a proof of their desire to maintain the relations of peace and amity be- ArticleX V I I I, tween the two powers upon a footing the most liberal, and in order to trty opf 815. withdraw any obstacle which might embarrass him in his relations with other States, agree to annul so nmuch of the eighteenth article of the 14 PUBLIC TREATIES. foregoing treaty as gives to the United States any advantage in the ports of Algiers over the most favored nations having treaties with the Regency. Date. Done at the palace of the Government, in Algiers, on the 22(1 day of December, 1816, which corresponds to the third of the Moon Safar, year of the Hegira 1232. Certificate of ne- Whereas the undersigned William Shaler, a citizen of the State of gotiation. New York, and Isaac Chauncey, Commander in Chief of the Naval Forces of the United States stationed in the Mediterranealn, being duly appointed Commissioners, by letters-patent under the signature of the President and seal of the United States of America, bearing date at the city of Washington, the twenty-fourth day of August, A. D. 1816, for negociating and concluding the renewal of a treaty of peace between the United States of America and the Dey and subjects of the Regency of Algiers: we, therefore, William Shaler and Isaac Chauncey, Commissioners as aforesaid, do conclude the foregoing treaty, and every article Final ratification and clause therein contained, reserving the same, nevertheless, for the reserved to Presi- final ratification of the President of the United States of America, by dent of the United and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States. States. Date. Done in the chancery of the Consulate General of the United States, in the city of Algiers, on the 23d day of December, in the year 1816, and of the independence of the United States the forty-first. [L. S.] rWM. SHALER. [L. S.] I. CHAUNCEY. [The signature of the Dey is stamped at the beginning and end of the treaty.] ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION, 1853. 15 ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION. ARGHENTINE CONFEDERATION, 1853. TREATY WITH THE ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION, CONCLUDED AT SAN July 10, 1853. JOSIE DE FLORES, JULY 10, 1853; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 13, 1854; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 5, 1854; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PARANX DECEMBER 20, 1854; PROCLAIMED APRIL 9, 1855. Treaty for the free navigationz of the rivers Parand and Uruguay, between the United States and the Argentine Confederation. The President of the United States and His Excellency the Provis- Contracting parional Director of the Argentine Confederation, being desirous of strength- ties. ening the bonds of friend(lship which so happily subsist between their respective States and countries, and convinced that the surest means of arriving at this result is to take in concert all the measures requisite for facilitating and developing commercial relations, have resolved to determine by treaty the conditions of the free navigation of the rivers Paran(a and Uruguay, and thus to remove the obstacles which have hitherto impeded this navigation. WVith this object they have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Robert C. Schenck, Envoy Ex- Negotiators. traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and John S. Pendleton, Charge d'Affaires of the United States to the Argentine Confederation; and His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confcderation, Doctor Don Salvador Maria del Carril, and Doctor Don Jos6 Benjamin Gorostiaga; Who, after having comnmunicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. The Argentine Confederation, in the exercise of her sovereign rights, Free navigation concedes the free navigation of the rivers Parain) and Uruguay, wher- Utugu a ndy ever they may belong to her, to the merchant vessels of all nations, subject only to the conditions which this treaty establishes, and to the regulations sanctionedl, or which may hereafter be sanctioned, by the national authority of the Confederation. ARTICLE II. Consequently, the said vessels shall be admitted to remain, load, and Loading and ununload in the places and ports of the Argentine Confederation which loading vessels. are open for that purpose. ARTICLE III. The Government of the Argentine Confedleration, being desirous to Beacons and provide every facility for interior navigation, agrees to maintain bea- marks. cons and marks pointing out the channels. ARTICLE IV. A uniform system shall be established by the competent authorities Collection of duof the Confederation, for the collection of the custom-house duties, harbor, tics and dlues. lights, police, and pilotage dues along the whole course of the waters which belong to the Confederation. 16 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE V. Island of Martin The high contracting parties, considering that the Island of Martin Garcia. Garcia may, from its position, embarrass and impede the free navigation of the confluents of the river Plate, agree to use their influence to prevent the possession of the said island from being retained or held by any State of the river Plate, or its confluents, which shall not have given its adhesion to the principle of their free navigation. ARTICLE VI. Nalvigation of If it should happen (which God forbid) that war should break out rivers in title of between any of the States, Republics, or Provinces of the river Plate or its confluents, the navigation of the rivers Paranti and Uruguay shall remain free to the merchant flag of all nations, excepting in what masy relate to munitions of war, such as arms of all kinds, gunpowder, lead, and cannon balls. ARTICLE VII. Accession to Power is expressly reserved to His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, treaty by other and the Governments of Bolivia, Paraguay, and the Oriental State of States. Uruguay, to become parties to the present treaty, in case they should be disposed to apply its principles to the parts of the rivers Parana, Paraguay, and Uruguay, over which they may respectively possess fluvial rights. ARTICLE VIII. Most favorcd ha- The principal objects for which the rivers Paranai and Uruguay are tion czlause. declared free to the commerce of the worldc being to extend the mercantile relations of the countries which border them, and to promote immigration, it is hereby agreed that no favor or immunity shall be granted to the flag or trade of any other nation which shall not equLally extend to those of the United States. ARTICLE IX, Ratifications. The present treaty shall be ratified on the part of the Government of the United States within fifteen months from its date, and within two days by His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, who shall present it to the: first Legislative Congress of the Confederation, for their approbation. The ratifications shall be exchanged at the seat of Government of the Argentine Confederation, within the term of eighteen months. Signatures. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this treaty, and affixed thereto their seals. Date. Done at San Jose de Flores, on the tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three. [SEAL.] ROBT. C. SCHENCK. [SEAL.] JNO. S. PENDLETON. [SEAL.J SALVADOR MA. DEL CAPPRIL. [SEAL.] JOSE B. GOROSTIAGA. ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION, 1853. July 27,1853. TREATY WITH THE ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION CONCLUDED AT SAN - JOS JULY 27, 1853; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 13, 1854; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JUNE 29, 1854; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PARANA, DECEMBER 20, 1854; PROCLAIMED APRIL 9, 1855. Treaty of _Friendship, Commerce, and Navigcation, between the United States and the Argentine Confederation. Preamble. Commercial intercourse having bden for some time establishedl between the United States and the Argentine Confderation, it seems good for ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION, 1853.. 7 the security as well as the encouragement of such commercial intercourse, and for the maintenance of good understanding between the two Governments, that the relations now subsisting between them should be regularly acknowledged and confirmed by the signing of a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation; for this purpose they have nominated their respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Robert C. Schenck, Envoy Ex- Ncgotiators. traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and John S. Pendleton, Charge d'Affaires of the United States to the Argentine Conlederation; and His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Doctor Don Salvador Maria del Carril, and Doctor Don Jos6 Benjamin Gorostiaga; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be perpetual amity between the United States and their Perpetual amity. citizens on the one part, and the Argentine Confederation and its citizens on the other part. ARTICLE II. There shall be between all the territories of the United States and all Freedom of comthe territories of the Argentine Confederation a reciprocal freedom of merce. commerce. The citizens of the two countries, respectively, shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the territories of either, to which other foreigners, or the ships or cargoes of any other foreign nation or State, are, or may be, permitted to come; to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part thereof, respectively; to hire and occupy houses and warehouses, for the purposes of their residence and com- Residence and merce; to trade in all kinds of produce, manufacturers, and merchan- trade. dise of lawful commerce; and generally to enjoy, in all their business, the most complete protection and security, subject to the general laws and usages of the two countries respectively. In like manner, the re- Ships of w a r, spective ships of war, and post-office or passenger packets of the two post-officer pand ckts. countries, shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come to all harbors, - rivers, and places to which other fbreign ships of war and packets are, or may be, permitted to come; to enter into the same, to anchor and remain there and refit, subject always to the laws and usages of the two countries respectively. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties agree that any favor, exemption, Favors granted privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce or navigation, to other nations to become common. which either of them has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the citizens or subjects of any other government, nation, or State, shall extend, in identity of cases and circumstances, to the citizens of the other contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other government, nation, or state, shall have been gratuitous, or in return for an equivalent compensation, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into No discriminatilng the territories of either of the two contracting parties of any article of duties on products. the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the other contracting party, than are, or shall be, payable on the like article of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in the territories of either of the contracting parties, on the R S IV -2 18 PUBLIC TRPEATIES. exportation of any article to the territories of the other, than such as are, or shall be, payable on the exportation of the like article to any Equality of pro- other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the hibitions. importation or exportation of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of either of the contracting parties, to or from the territories of the other, which shall not equally extend to the like article of any other foreign country. ARTICLE V. No discriminfat- Nol other or higher duties or charges, on account of tonnage, light or ilug duties on ves- harbor dues, pilotage, salvage in case of average or shipwreck, or any sels, &. Aother local charges, shall be imposed in the ports of the two contracting parties on the vessels of the other than those payable in the same ports on its own vessels. ARTICLE VI. No diseriminia- The same duties shall be paid, and the same drawbacks and bounties tion in drawbacks allowed, upon the importation or exportation of any article into or from and. bounties. the territories of the United States or into or from the territories of the Argentine Confederation, whether such importation or exportation be made in vessels of the United States or in vessels of the Argentine Confederation. ARTICLE VII. N a t i onality of The contracting parties agree to consider and treat as vessels of the vessels, United States and of the Argentine Confederation all those which, be ing furnished by the competent authority with a regular passport or sealetter, shall, under the then existing laws and regulations of either of the two Governments, be recognized fully and bona fide as national vessels, by that country to which they respectively belong. ARTICLE VIII. Rig h t of resi- All merchants, commanders of ships, and others, citizens of the Unitet dents to0 do lmusi- States, shall have full liberty, in all the territories of the Argentine ness. Confederation, to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they please, as broker, factor, EmploymTcnt of agent, or. interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ any other gentsit 1persons in those capacities than those employed by citizens of the Argentine Confederation, nor to pay them anly other salary or remuneration than such as is paid in like cases by citizens of the Argentine ConLiberty of trade. federation. And absolute freedom shall be allowed in all cases to the buyer and seller, to bargain and fix the price of any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into, or exported from, the Argentine Confederation, as they shall see good; observing the laws and established customs of the country. The same rights and privileges, in all respects, shall be enjoyed in the territories of the United States, by the citizens of the Argentine Confederation. The citizens of the two contracting parties shall reciprocally receive and enjoy full and perfect protection Access to courts for their persons and property, and shall have free and open access to of justice. the courts of justice in the said countries respectively, for the prosecution and defence of their just rights, and they shall be at liberty to employ in all cases such advocates, attorneys, or agents as they may think proper; and they shall enjoy, in this respect, the same rights and privileges therein as native citizens. ARTICLE IX. Acquirement and In whatever relates to the police of the ports, the lading and unladdisposal of prop- ing of ships, the safety of the merchandise, goods, and effects, ndl to -rty,'* th3e acquiring and disposing of property of every sort and denomination, ARGENTIN]E CONF]I)ERATION, 1853. 19 either by sale, donation, exchange, testament, or in any other manner whatsoever, as also to the administration of justice, the citizens of the two contracting parties shall reciprocally enjoy the same privileges, liberties, and rights, as native citizens; and they shall not be charged in any of those respects with any higher imposts or duties than those which are paid, or may be paid, by native citizens-submitting, of course, to the local laws and regulations of each country respectively. If any citizen of either of the two contracting parties shall die without Est.ates of dewill or testament, in any of the territories of the other, the Consul Gen- ceased residents. erll, or Consul of the nation to which the deceased belonged, or the representative of such Consul General or Consul, in his absence, shall leave the right to intervene in the possession, administration, and judicial liquidation of the estate of the deceased, conformably with the laws of the country, for the benefit of the creditors and legal heirs. ARTICLE X. The citizens of the United States residing in the Argentine Confed- Exemption from eration, and the citizens of the Argentine Confedleration residing in the military servi e, United States, shall be exempted from all compulsory military service forced loans, &c. whatsoever, whether by sea or by land, and from all forced loans, requisitions, or military exactions; and they shall not be compelled, under any pretext whatever, to pay any ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes, greater than those that are paid by native citizens of the contracting parties respectively. ARTICLE XI. It shall be free for each of the two.contracting parties to appoint Consuls. Consuls, for the protection of trade, to reside in any of the territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such, he shall, in Exequaturs. the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and either of the contracting parties may except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as they judge fit to be excepted. The archives and papers of the consulates of the respective Govern- Inviolability of nents shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever archives. shall any magistrate, or any of the local authorities, seize, or in any way interfere with them. The Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the Argentine Confederation Privileges an d shall enjoy, in the territories of the United States, whatever privileges, lmmunities of dipexemptions, and immunities are, or shall be, granted to agents of the same &c. ranll, belonging, to the most favored nation; and, in like manner, the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the United States, in the territories of the Argentine Confederation, shall enjoy, according to the strictest reciprocity, whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are, or may be, granted in the Argentine Confederation to the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the most favored nation. ARTICLE XII. For the better security of commerce between the United States and Rights of resithe Argentine Confederation, it is agreed that if, at any time, any in- dents in case of terruption of friendly commercial intercourse, or any rupture, should war. unfortunately take place between the two contracting parties, the citizens of either of them, residing in the territories of the other, shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade or occupation therein, without any manner of interruption, so long as they behave peaceably and commit no offence against the laws; and their effects and property, whether intrusted to individuals or to the State, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, or to any other demands than those wvhichl may be made upon the like effects or property beloniging to the native inhabitants of the State in. lwhich such citizens may reside. 20 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XIII. Protection to The citizens of the United States, and the citizens of the Argentine persons and prop- Confederation, respectively, residing in any of the territories of the erty. other party, shall enjoy, in their houses, persons, and properties, the full protection of the Government. Religious privi- They shall not be disturbed, mdlested, nor annoyed in any manner, leges. on account of their religious belief, nor in the proper exercise of their peculiar worship, either within their own houses or in their own churches or chapels, which they shall be at liberty to build and maintain, in convenient situations, to be approved of by the local Government, interfering in no way with, but respecting the religion and customs of the Right of burial. country in which they reside. Liberty shall also be granted to the citizens of either of the contracting parties to bury those who may die in the territories of the other, in burial places of their own, which, in the same manner, may be freely established and maintained. ARTICLE XIV. latifications. The present treaty shall be ratified on the part of the Government of the United States within fifteen months from the date, and within three days by His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, who will also present it to the first Legislative Congress of the Confederation, for their approval. The ratifications shall be exchanged at the seat of Government of the Argentine Confederation within the term of eighteen months. Signatures. in witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this treaty, and affixed thereto their seals. Date. Done at San Jose, on the twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred fifty-three. [LSEAL.] ROBT. C. SCHENCK. [SEAL. JNO. S. PENDLETON. [SEAL. SALVADOR MA. DEL CARRIL. [SEAL.] JOSf B. GOROSTIAGA. AUSTRIA, 1829. 21 AUSTRIA. AUSTRIA, 1829. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES August 27, 1829. OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON AUGUST 27, 1829; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 10, 1830; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 11, 1830; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 3, 1831; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON FEBRUARY 10, 1831; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 10, 1831. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Aus- Contracting par. tria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, equally animated with the desire ties. of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States, of extending, also, and consolidating the commercial intercourse between them, and convinced that this object cannot better be accomplished than by adopting the system of an entire freedom of navigation and a perfect reciprocity, based upon principles of equity equally beneficial to both countries, have, in consequence, agreed to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce and navigation, for which purpose the Negotiators. President of the United States has conferred full powers on Martin Van Buren, their Secretary of State; and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria has conferred like powers on Lewis, Baron de Lederer, his said Majesty's Consul for the port of New York, and the said Plenipotentiaries having exchanged their said full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTICLE 1. There shall be between the territories of the high contracting parties Freedom of coma reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation. The inhabitants of merce and navigatheir respective States shall mutually have liberty to enter the ports, tion. places, and rivers of the territories of each party, wherever foreign coinmerce is permitted. They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts whatsoever of said territories, in order to attend to their comnmercial affairs; and they shall enjoy, to that effect, the same security, protection, and privileges as natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws ancld ordinances there prevailing. ARTICLE II. Austrian vessels arriving, either laden or in ballast, in the ports of Equality of tonthe United States of America, and, reciprocally, vessels of the United nage duties an d States arriving, either laden or in ballast, in the ports of the dominions charges. of Austria, shall be treated on their entrance, during their stay, and at their departure, upon the same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonna.ge, light-houses, pilotage, and port charges, as well as to the fees and perquisites of public ofLicers and all other duties or charges of whatever kind or denomitlatiou, levied in the name, or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever. 22 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE Ill. No discrinlina- All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the protion in duties on duce of the soil or the industry of the United States of America, or of imports. any other country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the dominions of Austria, in Austrian vessels, may also be so imported in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in Austrian vessels. And, reciprocally, all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the produce of the soil or of the industry of the dominions of Austria, or of any ofther country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the United States, in vessels of the said States, may also be so imported in Austrian vessels without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in vessels of the United States of America. ARTICLE IV. Preceding stipu- To prevent the possibility of any misunderstanding, it is hereby delations mutually clared that the stipulations contained in the two preceding articles are, applicable. to their full extent, applicable to- Austrian vessels and their cargoes arriving in the ports of the United States of America; and, reciprocally, to vessels of the said States and their cargoes arriving in the ports of the dominions of Austria, whether the said vessels clear directly from the ports of the country to which they respectively belong, or from the ports of any other foreign country. ARTICLE.V. Equality in du- o0 higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into ties on imports. the United States of any article the produce or manufacture of the dominions of Austria; and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the dominions of Austria of any article the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like article, being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign Equality of pro- country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the importation or hibitions. exportation of any article the produce or manufacture of the *United States, or of the dominions of Austria, to or from the ports of the United States, or to or from the ports of the dominions of Austria, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VI. No discrimina- All kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the protion in duties on duce of the soil or of the industry of the United States of America, or exports. of any other country, which may be lawfully exported or reexported from the ports of the said United States in national vessels, may also be exported or reexported therefrom in Austrian vessels, without payingt other or higher duties or charges of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local author-, ities, or of any private establishment whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been exported or reexported in vessels of the United States of America. An exact reciprocity shall be observed in the ports of the dominions of Austria, so that all kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce either the produce of the soil or of the inLdustry of the said dominions of Austria, or of any other country, which Imay bt la.wfully exported AUSThtIA, 1829. 23 or reexported from Austrian ports in natibonal vessels, may also be exported or reexported therefrom in vessels of the United States of America., without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever klind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Governnrent, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchantdise or produce had been exported or reexported in Austrian vessels. And the same bounties and drawbacks shall be allowed, whether Bounties and such exportation or reexportation be made in vessels of the one party drawbacks. or of the other. ARTICLE VII. It is expressly understood and agreed that the coastwise navigation Coastingtrale. of both the contracting parties is altogether excepted from the operation of this treaty, and of every article thereof. ARTICLE VIII. No priority or preference shall be given, directly or indirectly, by Vesb sls to be either of the contracting parties, nor by any company, corporation, or equally flavored. agent, acting on their behalf or under their authority, in the purchase of any article of comlnmerce, lawfully imported, on account of or in reference to the character of the vessel, whether it be of the one party or of the other, in which such article was imported, it, being the true intent and meaning of the contracting parties that no distinction or difference whatever shall be made in this respect. ARTICLE IX. If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particu- Favors granted lar favor in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become coin- to other nations to mon to the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other become common. nation, or on yielding the same compensation when the grant is conditional. ARTICLE X. The two contracting parties hereby reciprocally grant to each other Consular officers. the liberty of having, each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Con- [See treaty of suls, Agents, and Commissaries of their own appointment, who shall 1848, pp. 24-26.] enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most flavored nations. But if any such Consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their naation are subject in the same place, in respect of their conmercial transactions. ARTICLE XI. The citizens or subjects of each party shall have power to dispose Disposal and inof their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by testa- horitaucp Of perment, donation, or otherwise; and their representatives, being citizens sonal property. or subjects of the other party, shall succeed to their personal goods, [8,p.Se ta2 of whether by testament or al) intstato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or'by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues, taxes, or charges only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall l)e subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of tile representative, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taken of the goods of a native in like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if anlly question should arise among several claimants to which of them said goods belong, the same shall be cdecicleld finally by the laws andl judlges of the land whereill the said goods are. Bu1t this article shall not der-ogate inl any mllanner 24 PUBLIC TREATIES. fromn the force of the laws already published, or hereafter to be published, by His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, to prevent the emigration of his subjects. ARTICLE XI[ Duration of trea- The present treaty shall continue in force for ten years, counting ty. from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if twelve months before the expiration of that period neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced by an official notification to the other its intention to arrest the operation of said treaty, it shall remain binding for one year beyond that time, and so on, until the expiration of thtl twelve months which will follow a similar notification, whatever the time at which it may take place. APRTICLE XIII. Ratifications. This treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the Emperor of Austria,; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington, within twelve months froml the date of the signature hereof,* or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this treaty, both in the English and German languages, declaring, however, that, it having been originally composed in the, former, the English version is to decide the interpretation, should any difference in regard to it unfortunately arise. Date. Done in triplicate, at Washington, this twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine. [L. s.] M. VAN BUREN. [L. L.] L. BARlON DEI LEDEREI. AUSTRIA, 1848. CONVENTION WITH AUSTRIA RELATIVE TO DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY, &c., May 8, 1848. CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MAY 8, 1848; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 13, 1850; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 15, 1850; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 13, 1850; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON FEBRUARY 23, 1850; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 25,1850. Convention for the extension of certain stiptulations contained in the treaty of Commerce and NlVavigation of 27th Augqutst, 1829, between the United States of America, and lHis Majesty the Emnperor of Austria. Preamble. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Autstria having agreed to extend to all descriptions of property the exemption fiiom dues, taxes, or charges, which was secured to the personal goods of their respective citizens and subjects by the eleventh article of thle treaty of commerce and navigation which was concluded between the rSee Articles X parties on the twenty-seventh of August, 1.829, and also for the purpose ald XI, treaty of of increasing the powers granted to their respective Consuls by the 1829, p. 23.] tenth article of said treaty of commerce and navigation, have named for this purpose their respective Plenipotentiaries, nalmely: Negotiators. The President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United States; an(l His Majesty the Emperor of Austria upon his Charg6 d'Affaires to the United States, John George Htlsemanun; This period was extended, withl the advice and consent of the Senate, expressed in its resolution of February 3, 1831, and with the consent of the IEmperor of Austria, expressed by his minister in his certificate of the exchange of ratifications, February 10, 1831. AUSTRIA, 1848. 25 Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have Disposal and inpower to dispose of their personal property within the' States of the heritance of perother, by testament, donation, or otherwise; and their heirs, legatees, sonal property. and donees, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting party, shall succeed to their said personal property, and may take possession thereof; either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country, where the said property lies, shall be liable to pay in like cases. ARTICLE II. Where, on the death of any person holling real property, or property Heirs to r e a not personal, within the territories of one party, such real property property. would, by the laws of the land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by the laws of the country where such reval property is situated, such citizen or subject shall be allowed a term of two years to sell the same, which term may be reasonably prolonged, according to circumstances, and to withdraw the proceeds thereof, witlhout molestation, and exempt from any other charges than those which Dmay be imposed in like cases upon the inhabitants of the country from which such proceeds may be withdrawn. ARTICLE II,. In case of the absence of the heirs the same care shall be taken, pro- Property of abvisionally, of such real or personal property as would be taken in a like sent heirs. case of property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner or the person who has a right to sell the samue, according to Article II, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance. ARTICLE IV. The high contracting parties grant to each other the liberty of- hayv- Consularofficers. ing, each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Commercial [See treaty of Agents, and Vice-Commercial Agents, of their own appointment, who July 11, 1870, pp. shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favored 28-33.] nations; but if any of the said Consuls shall carry on trade, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of their nation are subjected in the same place. The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Commercial and Vice-Commercial Seiflem ent of Agents shall have the right as such to sit as judges and arbitrators in disputes between such differences as may arise between the masters and crews of the ves- masters and crewns. sels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their c(harge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crews or of the captain'should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country; or the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Commercial Agents, or Vice-Commercial Agents, should require their assistance in executing or supporting their own decisions. But this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their own country. The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Commercial Agents, and Vice-Corn- Deserters from mnercial Agents, are authorized to require the assistance of the local vessels. authorities for the search, arrest, and imnprisonment of the deserters [See article III, fromu the ships of war and merchant vessels of their country. For this con ven tion8 of purpose they shrall aiply in'writing to the competent t.ribunals, judges, 3ae] 26 PUBLIC TREATIES. and officers, andl shall demand said deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of thle vessels, the muster-rolls of the crews, or by anly other official documents, that such individuals form legally part of the crews; and, on such Claim being substantiatedl the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters when arrested shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Commercial Agents, and Vice-Commercilal Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall claiml them, in order to be sent to the vessels to which they belong, or to others of the same country. But if -nott sent back within three months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. If, however, the deserter shall be found to have committed any crime or offence requiring trial, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be pending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. AR-TICLE V. Duration of trea- The present treaty shall continue in force for two years. counting ty. from the day of the exchange of its ratifications; and if, twelve months before the expiration of that period, neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced by an official notification to the other its intention to arrest the operation of said treaty, it shall remain binding for one year beyond that time, and so on until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar notification, whatever the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. This convention is concluded subject to the ratification of the President of the United States of America, by ald w-ithl the advice anld consent of the Senate thereof, and of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria; and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in Washington within the term of one year from the date of the signature thereof, or sooner if possible.* Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, as well in German as in English, and have thereto affixed their seals. Date. Done in the city of Washington, on the eighth day of'May, one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the seventy-second year of the independence of the United States of America, and in the 14th year of the reign of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria. [L. S.J JAMES BUCHANAN. -[L. S. H S IJEMANN. AUSTRIA, 1856. Jully 3, 1856. EXTRADITION CONVENTION WITH AUSTRIA, CONCLUDED AT WTASIIING TON JULY 3, 1856; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE', WiTH AMENDMENT, AUGUST 13, 1856; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DECEMBER 12, 1856; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON DECEMBER 13, 1856; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 15, 1856. Gonvention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from justice, in certain cases, concluded between the United States, on the one part, and Austria, on the'other part. Preamble. Whereas it is found expedient, for the better administration of justice and the prevention of crime within the territories and jurisdiction of X By resolution of the Senate of Flebruary 13, 1850, the time for exchange of ratilications was extended to July 4~ 1850. AUSTRIA, 1856. 27 the parties, respectively, that persons committing certain heinous crimes, being fugitives from justice, should, under certain circumstances, be reciprocally delivered up, and also to enumerate such crimes explicitly; anld whereas the laws of Austria forbid the surrender of its own citizens to a foreign jurisdiction, the Government of the United States, with la view of making the convention strictly reciprocal, shall be held equally free from any obligation to surrender citizens of the United States: Therefore, on the one part the United States of America, and on the other Contracting prpart His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, having resolved to treat on ties. this subject, have, for that purpose, appointed their respective Plenipotentiaries, to negotiate and conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States, W~illiam L. Marcy, Secretary of Negotiators. State; and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, John George Chevalier de Hiilsemann, his said Majesty's Minister Resident near the Government of the United States; Who, after reciprocal communication of their respective powers, have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. It is agreed that the United States and Austria shall, upon mutual Extraditi o n of requisitions by them or their ministers, officers, or authorities, respect- criminals. ively made, deliver up to justice all persons who, being charged with the crime of murder, or assatlt with intent to commit murder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, or the fabrication or circulation of counlterfeit money, whether coin or paper money, or the eimbezzlement of public moneys, committed within the jurisdiction of either party, shall seek an asylum or shall be found within the territories of the other: e of P-rovided, That this shall only be done upon such evidence of criminality criminality. Is, according to the laws of the place where the fugitive or person so charged shall be found, would justify his apprehension and commitment for trial if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the respective judges and other magistrates of the two Governments shall have power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint made under oath, to issue a warrant foi the apprehension of the fugitive or person so charged, that he may be brought before such judges or other lmagistrates. respectively, to the end that the evidence of criminality may be heard and considered; and if, on such hearing, the evidence be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be the duty of the examining judgea or magistrate to certify the same to the proper executive authority, that a Warrant may issue for the surrender of such fugitive. The Expense of arexpense of such aplprehension and delivery shall be borne and defrayed rest and delivery. by the party who makes the requisition and receives the fugitive. The Previous and poiprovisions of the present convention shall not be applied, in any manner litical offenses not to the crimes enumerated in the first article committed anterior to the inclnded date thereof; nor to any crime or offence of a political character. ARTICLE II. Neither of the contracting parties shall be bound to deliver up its Neither party to own citizens or subjects under the stipulations of this convention. surrender its own oitiZens. ARTICLE III. Whenever any person accused of any of the crimes enumerated in this Retention of. acconvention shall have committed a new crime in the territories of the cused person to St,ate where he has sought an asylum or shall be found, such person answer for local shall not be delivered up, under the stipulations of this convention, until ~ee he shall have been tried anld shall have received the punishllment due to such new crime, or shall have been acqutlit;ed thereof. 28 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. Duration of trea- The present convention shall continue in force until the 1st of January, 1858; and if neither party shall have given to the other six mlunths' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention; each of the high contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at any time after the expiration of the said 1st day of January, 1858. ARTICLE V. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in duplicate at Washington, the third day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, and of the independence of the United States the eightieth. [L. S.] W. L. MARCY. IL. s.] tUYLSEMANN. AUSTRIA, 1870. uly 11, 1870. CONSULAR CONVENTION BETWEEN TIHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA'y _ 1870* AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA CONCLUDED AT WASHiNGTON JULY 11, 1870; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE DECEMBIER 9, 1870; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DECEMBER 19, 1870; TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE MAY 12, 1871; RAT1FICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JUNE 26, 1871; PROCLAIMED JUNE 29, 1871. Contracting par- The President of the United States of America, and His Majesty the ties. Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c., and Apostolic King of Hungary, animated by the desire to define in a comprehensive and precise manner the reciprocal rights, privileges, and immunities of the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents (their Chancellors and Secretaries) of the United States of America and of the AustroHungarian Monarchy, and to determine their duties and their respective sphere of action, have agreed upon the conclusion of a consular convention, and for that purpose have appointed their respective PlenipotenNegrotiators. tiaries, namely: the President of the United States of America, Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State of the United States; and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, Apostolic, King of lHungary, Charles, Baron von Lederer, Knight of the Imperial and PRoyal Order of Leopold, and His 3Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in the United States of America, who, after commlrunicating to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the Iollowing articles: ARTICLE I. Consularofficers. Each of the high contracting parties shall be at liberty to establish Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents at the ports andl places of trade of the other party, except those where it may not ne convenient to recognize such officers; but this exception shall not apply to one of the high contracting l)arties without also applying to every other Power. Consuls General, Consuls, and other Con AUSTIIJA, 1870. 29 sular officers appointed and taking office according to the provisions of this article, in one or the other of the two countries, shall be free to exercise the right accorded them by the present convention throughout the whole of the district for which they may be respectively appointed. The said functionaries shall be admitted and recognized respectively upon presenting their credentials in accordance with the rules and formalities established in their respective countries. The, Execquaturs. exequatur required for the free exercise of their official duties shall be delivered o to them free of charge; and upon exhibiting such exequatur they shall be admitted at once and without interference by the authorities, Federal or State, judicial or executive, of the ports, cities, and places of their residence and district, to the enjoyment of the prerogatives reciprocally granted. ARTICLE II. The Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consruls, and Consular Agents, Ex e m pt io n s their Chancellors, and other Consular Officers, if they are citizens of the of consular officers State which appoints them, shall be exempt from military billetings, when citizens of State appointi ng from service in the military or the national guard, and other duties of them. the same nature, and from all direct and personal taxation, whether Federal, State, or municipal, provided they be not owners of real estate, and neither carry on trade nor any industrial business. If, however, they are not citizens of the State which appoints them, When not citior if they are citizens of the State in which they reside, or if they own zens of State approperty, or engage in any business there that is taxed under any laws pointing them. of the country, then they shall be subject to the same taxes, charges, and assessments as other private individuals. They shall, moreover, [Se ArticleVII.] enjoy personal immunities, except for acts regarded as crimes by the laws of the country in which they reside. If they are engaged in commerce, personal detention can be resorted to in their case only for commercial liabilities, and then in accordance only with general laws, applicable to all persons alike. ARTICLE III. Consuls General, Consuls, and their Chancellors, Vice-Consuls and Exemption as Consular Officers, if citizens of the country which appoints them, shall witnesses. not be summoned to appear as witnesses before a court of justice, except when, pursuant to law, the testimony of a Consul may be necessary for the defence of a person charged with crime. In other cases the local court, when it deems the testimony of a Consul necessary, shall either go to his dwelling to have the testimony taken orally, or shall send there a competent officer to reduce it to writing, or shall ask of him a written declaration. ARTICLE IV. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents shall Flags and inbe at liberty to place over the chief entrance of their respective offices scriptions. the arms of their nation, with the inscription: " Consulate General,"'' Consulate," " Vice-Consulate," or 4" Consular Agency," as may be. They shall also be at liberty to hoist the flag of their country on the consular edifice, except when they reside in a city where the legation of their Government may be established. They shall also be at liberty to hoist their flag onboard the vessel employed by them in port for the discharge of their duty. ARTICLE V. The consular archives shall be at all times inviolable, and under no Inviolability of pretence whatever shall the local authorities lbe allowed to examine or archives. seize the papers forming part of them. S3)OP U BLIC TRPEATIES. ARTICLE VI. Rights of acting In the event of incapacity, absence, or death of Consuls General, Conconsular officers. sills, Vice-ConsuLls, their Consular Pupils, Chancellors, or Secretaries, whose official character may have been previously made known to the respective authorities in the United States, or in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, shall be admitted at once to the temporary exercise of the consular functions, and they shall, for the duration of it, enjoy all the immunities, rights, and privileges conferred upon them by the convention. ARlTICLE VI. Appointment of Consuls General and Consuls shall have the power to appoint Vicevice-consuls, &c. Consuls and Consular Agents in the cities, ports, and towns within their consular districts, subject, however, to the approbation of the Governiment of the country where they reside. These Vice-Consuls and Consular Agents may be selected indiscriminately from among citizens of the two countries or from foreigners, and they shall be furnished with a commission issued by the appointing Consul, under whose orders they are to be placed. They shall enjoy the privileges and liberties stipulated in this convention. To Vice-Consuls and to Consular Agents who are, not citizens of the State which appoints them, the privileges and ilmunities specified in Article II shall not extend. ARTICLE VIII. Applicati on o f Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consullar Agents of the:consular officers two countries may, in the exercise of their duties, apply to the author-'local authorities. ities within their district, whether federal or local, judicial or executive, in the event of any infraction of the treaties and conventions between the two countries; also for the purpose of protecting the rights of their countrymen. Should the said authorities fail to take due notice of their application, they shall be at liberty, in the absence of any diplomatic representative of their country, to apply to the Government of the country where they reside. -ARTICLE IX. Power to take Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents of the depositions, verify two countries, also their chancellors, shall have the right to take at papers, &O. their office at the residence of the parties, or on board ship, the depositions of the captains and crews of vessels of their own nation, of passengers on board of them, of merchants, or any other citizens of their own country. They shall have the power also to receive and verify, conformably to the laws and regulations of their country: 1st. Wills and bequests of their countrymen, and all such acts and contracts between their countrymen as are intended to be drawn up in an authentic form, and verified. 2nd. Any and all acts of agreement entered upon between citizens of their own country and inhabitants of the country where they reside. All such acts of agreement, and other instruments, and also copies thereof, when duly authenticated by such Consul General, Consul,- Vice-Consul, or Consular Agent under his official seals, shall be received in courts of justice as legal documents, or as authenticated copies, as the case may be, and shall have the same force and effect as if drawn up by competent public officers of one or the other of the two countries. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents of the respective countries shall have the power to translate and legalize all documents issued by the authorities or fullctionaries of their own country, and such papers shall have the sanme force and effect in the country where the aforesaid officers reside as if drawn up by sworn inlterpreters. AUSTIIA, 1870. 31 ARTICLE X. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents shall be Powers relative at liberty to go on board the vessels of their nation admitted to entry, to vess e s a 1- d either in person or by I)roxy, and to examine the captain and crew, to cre'ws, look into the register of the ship, to receive declarations with reference to their voyage, their destination, and the incidents of the voyage; also, to draw up manifests, lists of freight, to assist in despatching their vessels, and finally to accompany the said captains or crews before the courts and before the administrative authorities, in order to act as their iinterpreters or agents in their business transactions or applications of any kind. The judicial authorities and custom-house officials shall in ino case proceed to the examination or search of merchant vessels without previous notice to the consular authority of the nation to which the said vessels belong, in order to enable them to be present. They shall also give due notice to Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, in order to enable them to be present at any depositions or statements to be made in courts of law, or before local magistrates, by captains or persons composing the crew, thus to prevent errors or false illterpretations which might impede the correct administration of justice. The notice to Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents shall name the hour fixed for such proceedings, and upon the no n-appearance of the said officers or their representatives, the case shall be proceeded with in their absence. ARTICLE XI. Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, shall have exclusive charge Settler e n t of of the internal order of the merchant vessels of their nation. They disputes between shall have therefore the exclusive power to take cognizance of and to masters and crews. settle all differences which may arise at sea or in port between captains, officers, and crews in reference to wages and the execution of mutual contracts, subject in each case to the laws of their own nation. The local authorities shall in no way interfere, except in cases where the differences on board ship are of a nature to disturb the peace and publie order in port or on shore, or when persons other than the officers and crew of the vessel are parties to the disturbance; except as aforesaid, the local authorities shall confine themselves to the rendering of forcible assistance if required by the Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, and shall cause the arrest, temporary imprisonment, and removal on board his own vessel of every person whose name is found on the muster-rolls or register of the ship or list of the crew. ARTICLE XII. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, shall have Deserters from tfle power to cause the arrest of all sailors or all other persons belonging vessels. to the crews of vessels of their nation who may be guilty of having deserted on the respective territories of the high contracting Powers, and to have them sent on board or back to their native country. To that end they shall make a written application to the competent local authority, supporting it by the exhibition of the ship's register and list of the crew, or else, should the vessel have sailed previously, by producing an authenticated copy of these documents, showing that the persons claimed really do belong to t-he ship's crew. Upon such request the surrender of the deserter shall not be refused. Every aid and assistallce shall, moreover, be granted to the said consular authorities for the detection and arrest of deserters, and the latter shall be taken to the prisons of the country and there detained at the request and expense of the consular authority until there may be an opportunity for sending them away. The duration of this imprisonment shall not exceed the term of three months, at the expiration of which time, and. upon three days' notice to the consul, the prisoner shall be set free, and he shll not be liable to rearrest for the samel cause. Should. however, the 32 PIPUBLIC TREATIES. deserter'have committed on shore an indictable offence, the local authorities shall be free to postpone his extradition until due sentence shall have been passed and executed. The high contracting parties agree that seamen, or other individuals forming part of the ship's crew, who are citizens of the country in which the desertion took place, shall not be affected by the provisions of this article. ARTICLE XIII. Settlement of In all cases where no other: agreement to the contrary exists between damages sustained owners, freighters, and insurers, all damages suffered at sea by the vessels of the two countries, whether they enter the respective ports voluntarily or by stress of weather, shall be settled by the Consuls General, C onsuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents of their respective Rations, provided no interests of citizens of the country where the said functionaries reside, nor of citizens of a third Power are concerned. In that case, and in the absence of a friendly compromise between all parties interested, the adjudication shall take place under supervision of the local authorities. ARTICLE XIV. Wrecks. In the event of a vessel belonging to the Government, or owned by a citizen of one of the two contracting States, being wrecked or cast on shore upon the coast of the other, the local authorities shall inform the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents of the district of the occurrence, or if such Consular Agency does not exist, they shall communicate with the Consul General, Consul, Vice-Consul, or Consular Agent of the nearest district. Salvage. All proceedings relative to the salvage of American vessels wrecked or cast on shore in Austro-Hungarian waters shall be directed by the United States Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents; also all proceedings relative to the salvage of Austro-Hungarian vessels wrecked or cast on shore in American waters, shall be directed by Austro-Hungarian Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents. An interference of the local authorities in the two countries shall take place for the purpose only of assisting the consular authorities in maintaining order and protecting the rights of salvors not belonging to the crew; also for enforcing the regulations relative to the import or export of the merchandise saved. In the absence and until the arrival of the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, or their duly appointed delegates, the local authorities shall take all the necessary measures for the protection of persons and preservation of the property saved from the wreck. No charges shall be made for the interference of the local authorities in such cases, except for expenses incurred through salvage and the preservation of property saved, also for those expenses which, under similar circumstances, vessels belonging to the country where the wreck happens would have to incur. In case of a doubt concerning the nationality of the wrecks, the local authorities shall have exclusively the management and execution of the provisions laid down in the present article. The high contracting parties also agree that all merchandise and goods not destined for consumption in the country in which the wreck takles place shall be free of all duties. ARTICLE XV. Prerogatives of Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, also consular officers. Consular Pupils, Chancellors, and Consular Officers shall enjoy in the two countries all the liberties, prerogatives, immunities, and privileges granted to functionaries of the same class of the most favored nation. AUSTRIA, 1870. 33 ARTICLE XVI. In case of the death of a citizen of the United States in the Austrian- Residents dying Hungarian Monarchy, or of a citizen of the Austrian-Hungarian Mon- intestate. archy in the United States, without having any known heirs or testamentary executors by him appointed, the competent local authorities shall inform the Consuls or Consular Agents of the State to which the deceased belonged of the circumstance, in order that the necessary information may be immediately forwarded to the parties interested. ARTICLE XVII. The present convention shall remain in force for the space of ten Duration of conyears from the date of the exchainge of the ratifications, which shall be vention. made in conformity with the respective constitutions of the two countries, and exchanged at Washington within the period of ten (10) months, or sooner, if possible: In case neither of tile contracting parties gives notice before the expiration of the sail term of his intention not to renew this convention, it shall remain in force a year longer, and so on, from year to year, until the expiration of a year from the day on which one of the parties shall have given such notice. In testimony Whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Signaturcs. convention, and hereunto affixed their respective seals. Done in duplicate at Washington, the eleventh day of July, in tile D)ate. year of our Lord one thousand eight llundred and seventy. [SEAL.] HAMILTON FISH. I SEAL.] LEDERER. AUSTRIA, 1870. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJ- Sept. 20,1870. ESTY TEIE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA, RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT VIENNA SEPTEMBER 20. 1870; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 22, 1871; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 24, 1871; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT VIENNA JULY 14, 1871; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 1, 1871. The President of the United States of America, and Hiis Majesty the C o n t rac tin g Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, etc., and Apostolic King of parties. Hungary, led by the wish to regulate the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to the territories of the Austro-Hungarian Mfonarchy, and from the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy to the United States of America, have resolved to treat on this subject, and have for that purpose appointed Plenipotentiaries to conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, John Jay, Envoy Negotiators. Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States to His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty; and His BMajesty the Emperor of Austria, etc., Apostolic King of Hungary, the Count Frederick Ferdinand de Beust, His Majesty's Privy Counsellor and Chamberlain, Chancellor of the Empire, Minister of the Imperial House and of Foreign Affairs, Grand Cross of the Orders of St. Stephen and Leopold, who harve agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Citizens of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy who have resided in the Who tobedeemed United States of America uninterruptedly at least five years, and during naturalized cit isuch residence have become naturalized citizens of the United States, Zens. * Byg resolution of the Senate the time for exchange of ratifications wvas extended three months. H IV.-S.. 34 PUBLIC TREATIES. shall be held by the Government of Austria and Hungary to be Anlerican citizens, and shall be treated as such. [See Article IV.] Reciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who have resided in the territories of the Austro-lHungary Monarchy uninterruptedly at least five years, and during such residence have become naturalized citizens of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, shall be held by the United States to be citizens of the Anstro-Hiungarian Monarchy, and shall be treated as such. Effect of declara- The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the tion of intention. other country has not for either party the effect of naturalization. ARTICLE II. Offenses commit- A naturalized citizen.of the one party, on return to the territory of ted before emigra- the other party, remains liable to trial and punishment for an action tion. punishable by the laws of his original country, committed before his emigration, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country and any other remission of liability to punishment. Violation of mili- In particular, a former citizen of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, who, tary laws. under the first article, is to be held as an American citizen, is liable to trial and.punishment, according to the laws of Austro-Hlungary, for nonfultfilment of military duty: 1st. If hie has emigrated, after having been drafted at the time of conscription, and thus having become enrolled as a recruit for service in the standing army. 2d. If he has emigrated whilst lhe stood in service under the flag, or had a leave of absence only for a limited time. 3d. If, having a leave of absence -for an unlimited tinme, or belonging to the reserve or to the nilitia, he has emigrated after having received a call into service, or after a public proclamation requiring his appearance, or after war has broken out. On the other hand, a former citizen of the Austro-lHungarian monarchy, naturalized in the United States, who by, or after, his emigration has transgressed the legal provisions on military duty by any acts or omiSsions other than those above enumerated in the clauses numbered one, two, and three, can, on his return to his original country, nl either be held subsequently to military service nor remain liable to trial and punisllmeint for the non-fiulfilnent of his military duty. ARTICLE III. Treaties of 1856 The convention for tlhe mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives fromn and 1848 remain in justice, concluded on the 3d July, 1856, between the Government of the force. [See pp. 26 United States of America oni the one part, and the Austro-Hungarian and 24.1 monarchy onl the other part, as well as the additional convention, signed on the 8th lMay, 1848, to the treaty of commerce and navigation concluded between thle saidl Governmetnts on the 27th of August, 1839, and especially the stipulations of Article IV of the said additional convention concerning the delivery of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant vessels, remain in force without change. ARTICLE IV. Renunciation of The emigrant from tlle one State, who, according to Article I, is to naturalization. be held as a citizen of the other State, shall not, on his return to his original country, be constrained to resume his former citizenship; yet, if he shall of his own accord reacquire it, and renounce the citizenship obtained by naturalization, such a renunciation is allowable, and no Recover y of fixed'period of residence shall be required for the recognition of his original ci t i z e n- recovery of citizenship in his original country. ship. ARTICLE V. Duration of con- The present convention shall go into effect immediately on the exvention. change of ratifications, aLnd shall continue in foree ten years. If neither party shall have given to the other six months' previolus notice of its AUSTRIA, 1871. 35 intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. The present convention shall be ratified by the President of the United Ratifications. States, by and with the consent of the Senate of the United States, and by His Maljesty the Emperor of Austria, etc., King of Hungary, with the constitutional consent of the two legislatures of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Vienna within twelve months from the date hereof. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention as Signatures. well in German as in English, and have thereto affixed their seals. Done at Vienna the twentieth day of September, in the year of olr Date. Lord one thousand.eight hundred and seventy, in the ninety-fifth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and in the twentysecond year of the reign of His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty. [SEAL.] JOHN JAY. [SEAL.] IBEUST. AUSTRIA, 1871. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS Nov. 25, 1871. MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA, RELATIVE TO TRADE-MARKS, CONCLUDED AT VIENNA NOVEMBE3R 25, 1871; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 18, 1872; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 27, 1872; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT VIENNA APRlL 22, 1872; PROCLAIMED JUNE 1, 1872. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Contracting parAustria, King of Bohemia, &c., and Apostolic King of Hungary, desir- ties. ing to secure in their respective territories a guarantee of property in trade-marks, have resolved to conclude a special convention for this purpose, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries: The President of the United States of America, John Jay, their El- Negotiators. voy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of America to I-Is Implerial and Royal Apostolic Majesty; and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary, the Count Julius Andrlssy of Csik Szent Kirliy and Kraszna Horka, His Majesty's Privy Counsellor and Minister of the Imperial House and( of Foreign Affairs, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen, &c., &c., &c.; Who have agreed to sign the following articles: ARTICLE I. Every reproduction of trade-mnarks which, in the countries or territo- Prot ection of ries of the one of the contracting parties, are affixed to certain rmer- trade-marks. chandise to prove its origin and quality, is forbidden in the countries or territories of the other of the contracting parties, and shall give to the injured party ground for such action or proceedings to prevent snch reproduction, and to recover damages for the same. as may be authorized by the laws of the country in which the counterfeit is proven, just as if the plaintiff were a citizen of that country. The exclusive right to use a trade-mark for the benefit of citizens of Duration of exthe United States in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, or of citizens of the clusive rIghts Austro-lHungarian 3Monarchy in the territory of the United States, cannot. exist for a longer period than that fixed by the law of the country or its own citizens. If the trade-lmatlrk has become public property in WVhe tra dethe country of its origin, it shall be eqnally free to alll in the countries mark becomes pubor territories of the other of the two contracting parties. lic property. 36 PUBLIC TREATIES. AR.TICLE II. Deposit of dupli- If the owners of trade-marlks, residing in the countries or territories of cate copies. the one of the contracting parties, wish to secure their rights in the countries or territories of the other of the contracting parties, they must deposit duplicate copies of those marks in the Patent-Office at Washington, and in the Chambers of Commnerce and Trade in Vienna anCd Pestlh. ARTICLE III. Duration of con- The present arrangement shall take effect ninety days after the vention. exchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force for ten years from this date. In case neither of the hitgh contracting parties gives notice of its intention to discontinue this convention twelve months before its expiration, it shall remain in force one year from the time that either of the high contracting parties announces its discontinuance. ARTICLE IV. Ratifications. The ratifications of this present convention shall be exchanged at Vienna within twelve months, or sooner if possible. Signatures In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention as well in English as in German and Haungarian, and have affixed thereto their respective seals. Date. Done at Vienna the twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the ninety-sixth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and in the twenty-third year of the reign of His Imperial and Royal Apostolic A'itjaesty. JOHN JAY. [L. s.] ANDRASSY. [L. S.] BADEN, 1857. 37 BADEN. BADElN, 1857. EXTRADITION CONVENTION WITH BADEN, CONCLUDI)ED AT BERLIN, JAN- January30, 1857. UARY 30, 1857; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 12, 1857; RATIFIED BY PRIESIDENT MAR}CH 23, 1,857; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN APRIL 21, 1857; PROCLAIMED MAY 19, 1857. Convention for the mututal delivery of criminals, Jitgives Jfoom juestice, in certain cases, concluded betwceen the United States on the one part, and the Grand Duchy of Baden on the other larlt. Whereas it is found expedient, for the better administration of justice Preamble. and the prevention of crime within the territories and jurisdiction of the parties, respectively, that persons committing certain heinous crimes, being fugitives from justice, should, under certain. circumstances, be reciprocally delivered up; and also to enumerate such crimes explicitly; and whereas the laws and constitution of Baden do not allow its Government to surrender its own citizens to a foreign jurisdiction, the Government of the United States, with a view of making the convention strictly reciprocal, shall be held equally free from any obligation to surrender citizens of the United States; therefore, on the one part the ContractingparUnited States of America, and on the other part HIlis Royal HEighness ties. the Grand Duke of Baden, having resolved to treat on this subject, have,. for that purpose, appointed their respective Plenipotentiaries to negotiate and conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Peter ). Vroom, En- Negotiators. voy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States at the Court of the Kingdom of Prussia; and his Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Baden, Adolph, Baron Marschadll de Bieberstein, His said Royal Highness' Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His lMajesty the King of Plrussia, &c., &c., &c.; Who, after reciprocal comm.unication of their respective powers, have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. It is agreed that the JUnited States and Baden shall, upon mutual Extradition o f requisitions by them, or their ministers, officers, or authorities, respect- criminals. ively made, deliver up to justice all persons who, being charged with the crime of murder, or assault with intent to commnit nmurder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, or the fabrication or circulation of counterfeit money, whether coin or paper money, or the embezzlement of public moneys, committed within the jurisdiction of either party, shall seek an asylunm, or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That this shall only be done upon such evidence of E rid n eee of criminality as, according to the laws of the place where the fugitive or criminality. person so charged shall be found, would justity his apprehension and commitment for trial, if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the respective judges and other magistrates of the two Governments shall have power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint made under oath, to issue a mwarrant for the apprelhension of the fugitive or person so charged, t1hat he may be brought before such judges or other magisltrates, respectively, to the enltd that t,hle evidence of criminality may be heard and considerecd; and it; on such hearing, the evi 38 PPUBLIC TREATIES. deuce be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be the duty of the examining judge or imagistrate to certify the same to the proper executive authority, that a warrant may issue for the surrender of such fugitive. Expense of ar- The expense of such apprehension and delivery shall be borne and rest and delivery. defrayed by tthe party who mlakes the requisition and receives the fugitive. Political offenses Nothing in this article contained shall be construed to extend to not included. crimes of a political character. Akl TICLE I11. Neither party to Neither of tlhe contracting parties shall be bound to deliver ulp its surrender its own OWn citizens or subjects under the stipulations of this convention. citizens. ARTICLE iII. Retention of ac- Whenever any person accused of any of the crimes enumerated in o useod person to this convention shall have committed a new crime in the territories of answer for local of- the State where he has souLght an asylum or shall be found, such person ienses, shall not be delivered up nuder the stipulations of this convention until he shall have been tried, and shall have received the punishment due to such new crime, or shall have been acquitted thereof. AItTICLE IV. Duration of con- The present convention shall continue in force until the 1st of Janvention. nuary, one thousand eight; hundred and sixty, (1860;) and if neither party shall have given to the other six lmonths' previous notice of its intention then to terminuate the same, it shall further remain in force [See Article I]I, until the end of twelve months after either of *the high contracting treaty of' 18;8, p. parties shall have given. notice to the other of such intention, each of:39.] the high contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at any timue after the expiration of the said Ist daly of JanuIary, one thousand eight hundred and sixty, (1860.) ARTICLE V. Ratificationu. The present converntion shall be ratified bly the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by the Government of Baden; afnd the ratifications shall be exchangecl in IBerlin within one year fromu the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenip)otentiaries have signed this convention, and have herelunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in duplicate, at Berlin, the thirtieth day of January, one thousand eight hunlred and fifty-seven, (1857,) and thet eighty-first year of the independence of the United States. [L. S.] P. D. VROtM. ADOLPH BAIte. MAIT SCHIALL [L. S.] DEL BIEBERSTEIN. BADEN, 1868. July 19,1868. TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE GRAND DUCHY OF BADEN RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT CARLSRUIHE JULY 19, 1868; R CAIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 19, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN DECEMBER 7, 1869; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 10, 1870. Contracting par- The President of the United States of lAmerica andc His Royal Highties. ness the Grand Duke of Baden, led by the wish to regulate the citizen BADEN, 1868. 39 ship of those persons who emigrate from Baden to the United States of America, and firom the United States of America to the territory of the Grand.Duchy, have resolved to treat on this sublject, and havre for that purpose appointed Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, George Bancroft, Negotiators. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary ftriom the said States near the Grand Dukle of ]3aden; and lHis Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Baden, his President of thle Ministry of the Grand-Ducal House and of Foreign Afifairs and Chamberlain, Rudolph von Freydorf; Who have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Citizens of the Grand l)uchy of Baden, who have resided uninterrupt- Who to be decmedly within the United States of America five years, and before, during, ed naturalized citior after that time have become or shall become naturalized citizens of zens. the United States, shall be held by l3aden to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. RIeciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who have resided uninterruptedly within the Grand Duchy of Baden, five years and before, during, or after that time have become or shall become naturalized citizens of the Grand Duchy of Baden, shall be held by the United States to be citizens of Baden, and shall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one Effectof declaraor the other country has not for either party the effect of naturaliza- tion of intention. tion. ARTICLE I1. A naturalized citizen of the one party, on return to the territory of Offenllses committhe other party, remCtins liable to trial and punishment for an action ted before emigrapunishable by the laws of his original country, and committed before tion. his emigration, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, or anly other remission of liability to punishment. In particular, a former Badener who under the first article, is to be held as an Amnerican citizen, is liable to trial and punishment according to the laws of Baden for non-fulfilment of military duty1. If he has emigrated after he, on occasion of the draft from those Violation of rmilowing military duty, has been enrolled as a recruit for service in the itary laws. standing army. 2. If he has emigrated whilst he stood in service under the flag, or h-3d a leave of absence only for a limited time. 3. If, having a leave of absence for an unlimited timie, or belonllging to the reserve or to the militia, he has emigrated after having received a call into service, or after a public proclamation requiring his appearance, or after war has broken out. On the other hand, a former Badener, naturalized in the United States, who, by or after his emigration, has transgressed or shall transgress the legal provisions on military duty by any acts or omissions other than those above enumerated in the clauses numbered one to three, can, onl his return to his original country, neither be held subsequently to military service nor remain liable to trial and punishment for the non-fulfillment of his military duty. MIoreover, the attachment on the property of an emigrant for non-fulfilment of his military duty, except in the cases designated in the clauses numbered one to three, shall be removed so soon as he shall prove his naturalization in the United States according to the first article. ARTICLE IHI. The convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from Convel ention of justice, concluded between the Grand Duchy of Baden on the one part, 1857 remains in and the United States of America on the other part, the thirtieth day force. of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, remains in force [See pp. 37, 38.1 without change. 40 PUBLIC TREATIES, ARTICLE IV. Renunciation of The emigrant from the one State who, according to the first article, naturalization is to be held as a citizen of the other State, shall not on his return to his original country be constrained to resume his former citizenship; Recovery oforigi- yet if he shall of his own accord reacquire it and renounce the citizenaal citizenship. ship obtained by naturalization, such a renunciation is allowed, and no fixed period of residence shall be required for the recognition of his recovery of citizenship in his original country. ARTICLE V. Duration of coin- The present convention shall go into effect immediately on the jentioul. exchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force ten years. If neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous Unotice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice of such intention. AR'TICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Baden, and by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Carlsruhe as soon as possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this convention. Date. CAIRLSRPUHE, the l9th July, 186S. [L. S.] GEORGE BANCROFT. [L. s.] v. FIREYDORIF. BAVARIA, 1845. 41 B AV At I BAVARA~L 1845. CONVENTION WITH BAVARIA, CONCLUDED AT BERLIN JANUARY 21, 1845; January 21,1845. RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMEANDMENT, MARCH 15, 1845; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 18, 1845; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN NOVEMBER 4, 1845; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 15, 1846. Convention for the mutual abolition of the droit d'aubtaine and taxes om emigration between the United States of America and His MIajesty the King of Bavaria. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Bavaria, Contracting parhaving agreed, for the advantage of their respective citizens and sub- ties. jects, to conclude a convention for the mutual abolition of the droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration, have named, for this purpose, their respective Plenipotentiaries, namely: The President of the United States of America has conferred full Negotiators. powers on Henry Wheaton, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at, the Royal Court of Prussia; and His Majesty the King of Bavaria, ulon Count MIaximilian von Lerchen-leld-Kcefering, his Chamberlain, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Royal Prussian Court, Commander of the Royal Order of the Knights of St. George, of the Order for TMerit in Civil Service of the Bavarian Crown, of St. Michael, Grand Cross of the Russian Imperial Order of St. Anne of the first class, of the Royal Prussian Order of the Red Eagle of the first class, Commander, Grand Cross of the Royal Swedish Order of the North Star, and Great Commander of the Royal Greek Order of the Saviour; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to and signed the foilowing articles: ARTICLE I. Every kind of droit d'aubaine, droit de retraite, and droit de ddetrac- Abolition of droit tion or tax on emigration, is hereby, and shall remain, abolished between d'aubaine and taxthe two contracting parties, their States, citizens, and subjects, respect- es on emigration. ively. ARTICLE II. Where, on the death of any person holding real property within the IHeirs to real territories of one party, such real property would, by the laws of the property. land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were, he not disqualified by alienage, such citizen or subject shall be allowed a term of two years to sell the same, which term may be reasonably prolonged according to circumstances, and to withdraw the proceeds thereof, without molestation, and exempt from all duties of d6traction. ARTICLE III. The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have Disposal and inpowrer to dispose of their personal property within the States of the heritance of perother, by testament, donation, or otherwise and their heirs, legatees, sonal property. and donees, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting party, shall succeed to their said personal property, andc may take possession 42 PUBLIC TREATIES. thereof, either by themselves or by others acting ior thellm, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country where the said property lies shall be liable to pay in like cases. ARTICLE IV. Property of ab- Illn case of the absence of the heirs, the same care shall be taken prosent heirs. visionally of such real or personal property as would be taklen in a like case of property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner or or the person who has a right to sell the same, according to Art. II, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance. ARTICLE V. Disputes con- If any dispute should arise between. different claimants to the same cerning inherit- inheritance, they shall be decided in the last resort according to the ances. laws, and by the judges, of the country where the property is situated. ARTICLE VI. Bavarian laws to But this convention shall not derogate in any manner from the force prevent emigra- of the laws already published, or hereafter to be published, by His tion. Majesty the King of Bavaria, to prevent the emigration of his subjects. ARTICLE VII. Ratifications. This convention is concluded subject; to the ratification of the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, and of His Majesty the King of Bavaria, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Berlin within the term of fifteen months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, as well in English as in German, and have thereto affixed their seals. Date. Done in quadruplicate, in the city of Berlin, on the twenty-first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty-five, in the sixtyninth year of the independence of the United States of America, and the nineteenth of the reign of His Majesty the King of Bavaria. FL. S.] HENRIY VWHEATON. [L. S.I GRAF V. LERCIWENIFELD. BAVARZIA, 1853. Sept. 112, 1853. EXTRADITION CONVENTION WITIT BAVARIA, CONCLUDED AT LONDON SEPTEMBER 12, 1853; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, JULY 12, 1854; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 24, 1854; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LONDON NOVEMBER 1, 1854; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 18, 1854. Convention for the vtutual extradition of fugitives from justice in certain, cases, concluded between the Government of the United States on the one _part, and the Kingdom of Bavaria on the other part. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Bavaria, ties. actuated by an equal desire to further the administration ofjustice, and to prevent the commission of crimes in their respective countries, taliing into consideration that the increased means of communication between Europe and America facilitate the escape of offenders, and that, conse BAVARIA, 1803. 43 quently, provision ought to be made in order th.t the ends of justice shall not be defeated, have determined to conclude an arrangement destined to regulate the course to be observed in all cases with reference to the extradition of such individuals as, having committed any of the offences hereafter enumerated, in one country, shall have taken refuge within the territories of the other. The constitution cand laws of BIavaria, however, not allowing the Bavarian Government to surrender their own subjects for trial before a foreign court of justice, a strict reciprocity requires that the Government of the United States shall be held equally fi'ee from any obligation to surrender citizens of the United States. ]For which purposes the high contracting powers have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries: The President of the United States, Janmes Buchanan, Envoy Extra- Negotiators. ordinary and Minister ]Plenipotentiary of the United States at the court of the United Kingdorm of Great Britain alnd Ireland; His Majesty the King of Bavawria, Augustus Baron de Cetto, his said Majesty's Chamberlain, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the court of Her Majesty the Queen of the United KingdomL of Great Britain and Ireland, Knight Commander of the Order for -Merit of the Bavarian Crown and of the Order for Merit of St. Michael, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Grecian Order of our Saviour; Who, after reciprocal communication of their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. The Government of the United States and the Bavarian government Extraditiou of promise and engage, upon mutual requisitiGls by them or their minis- criminals. ters, officers, or authorities, respectively made, to deliver up to justice all persons who, being charged with the crime of murder, or assault with intent to commit murder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, or the utterance of forged papers, or the faibrication or circulation of counterfeit money, whether coin or paper money, or the embezzlement of public moneys, committed within the jurisdiction of either party, shall seek an asylum,, or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That this shall only be done upon such evidence of criminality E v i d e n c e o f as, according to the laws of the place where the fugitive or person so criminality. charged shall be found, would justify his apprehension and cofnlmitmnent for trial, if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the respective judges and other magistrates of the two Governments shall have power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint made under oath, to issue a warrant for the apprehension of the fugitive or person so charged, that he may be brought before such judges or other magistrates respectively, to the end that the evidence of criminality may be heard and considered; and if, on such hearing, the evidence be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be the duty of the examining judge or magistrate to certify the same to the proper executive authority, that a warrant may issue for the surrender of such fugitive. The expense of such apprehension and delivery shall be borne and Expenses of ardefrayed by the party vwho makes the requisition and receives the fugi- rest and delivery. tive. ARTICLE IL[. The stipulations of this convention shall be applied to any other State Accession to conof the German Confederation which may hereafter declare its accession vention by other German States. thereto. AgTICLE: III. None of the contracting parties shall be bound to deliver up its own Neither party to citizens or sLubjects under the stipulations of this convenition. surrender its own citizens, 44 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. Retention of ac- Whenever any person accused of any of the crimes enumerated in cused person to this convention shall have committed a new crime in the territories of the answer for local State where he has sought an asylum or shall be found, such person shall offenses.. Dnot be delivered up under the stipulations of this convention until he shall have been tried and shall have received the punishmeilt due to such new crime, or shall have been acquitted thereof. ARTICLE V. Duration of con- The present convention shall continue in force until the first of Janvention. uary, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight; and if neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end [See Article III, of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have treaty of 1868, p. given notice to the other of such intention; each of the high contracting 45.] parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at any time after the expiration of the said first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by tlle President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by the Government of Bavaria, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in London within fifteen months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. DoneJ in duplicate, in London, the twelfth day of September, one thousand eight hundred hnd fifty-three, and the seventy-eighth year of the independence of the United States. [L. S.] JARMES BUCHANAN. fL. s.J AUG. DE CETTO. BAVARIA, 1868. May 26, 1868. May 26, 1868 TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND /HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF BAVARIA RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT MUNICH MAY 26, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 29, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 17, 1868; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT MUNICH SEPTEMBER 18, 1868; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 8, 1868. Contracting par- His Majesty the King of Bavaria and the President of the United ties. States of America, led by the wish to regulate the cititizenship of those persons who emigrate from Bavaria to the United States of America, and from the United States of America to the territory of the Kingdom of Bavaria, have resolved to treat on this subject, and have, for that purpose, appointed Plenipotentiaries to conclude a convention, that is to say; His Majesty the King of Bavaria, Dr. Otto, Baron of Volderndorff, Negotiators. Councillor of Ministry; and the President of the United States of America, George Bancroft, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary; Who have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Who to bedeenl- Citizens of Bavaria who have become, or shall become, naturalized ed naturalized cit- citizens of the Unitecd States of America, and shall have resided uninizens. terruptedly within the United States five years, shall be held by Bavaria [See protocol, p. to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. a46.1 BAVARIA, 1868. 45 Reciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who have become, or shall become, naturalized citizens of Bavaria, and shall have resided uninterruptedly within Bavaria five years, shall be held by the United States to be Bavarian citizens; and shlall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the Declaration of other country has nlot for either party the effect of naturalization. intention. ARTICLE II. A naturalized citizen of the one party on return to the territory of the Offenses commitother party remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punish- ted before emigraable by the laws of his original country, and committed before his emi- tion. gration, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his [See protocol, p. original country, or any other remission of liability to punishment. 46] ARTICLE III. The convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from Conventi on of j nstice, in certain cases, concluded between the United States on the 1853 remains in one part, and Bavaria on the other part, the twelfth day of September, force. one thousand eight lhundred and fifty-three, remains in force without [See pp. 42-44.1 change. ARTICLE IV. If a Bavarian, naturalized in America, renews his residence in Bavaria, Renunciation of without the intent to return to America, he shall be held to have re- naturalization. nounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if an [See protocol, p. American, naturalized in Bavaria, renews his residence in the United 46.] States, without the intent to return to Bavaria, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in Bavaria. The intent not to return may Intent not to rebe held to exist when the person naturalized in the one country resides turn. more than two years in the other country. ARTICLE V. The present convention shall go into effect immediately on the ex- Duration of conchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force for ten years. It' vention. neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. The present convention shall be ratified by His Majesty the King of Ratifications. Bavaria, and by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Munich within twelve months frorm the date hereof. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this Signatures. convention. MUNICHI the 26th May, 1868. Date. [SEAL.] GEO. BANCROFT. [SEAL.] DnR. OTTO FHiR. VON VOLDEIRNDORFF. PROTOCOL. Downe at Munich — th7e 26th May, 1868. May 26, 1868. The undersigned met to-day to sign the treaty agreed upon in conform- Protocol ity with their respective full powers, relating to the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from Bavaria to the United States of America, and 46 PUBLIC TREATIES. from the United States of America to Bavaria; on which occasion the following observations, more exactly defining and explaining the contents of this treaty, were entered in the following protocol: RELATING TO THE FIRST ARTICLE OF TIlE TREATY. What is required 1. Inasmuch as the copulative "and" is made use of, it follows, of to constitute a nat- course, that not the naturalization alone, but an additional five years' uralized citizen. uninterrupted residence is required, before a person can be regarded as coming within the treaty; but it is by no means requisite that the five years' residence should take place after the naturalization. It is hereby further understood that if a Bav-arian has been discharged from his Bavarian indigenate, or, on the other side, if an American has- been discharged from his American citizenship in the manner legally prescribed by the Government of his original country, and then acquires naturalization in the other country in a rightful and perfectly valid manner, then an additional five years' residence shall no longer be required, but a person so naturalized shall from the moment of his naturalization be held and treated as a Bavarian, and reciprocally as an American citizen. Meaning of words 2. The words "resided uninterruptedly1" are obviously to be under"resided uninter- stood, not of a continual bodily presence, but in the legal sense; and ruptedly." therefore a transient absence, a journey, or the like, by no means interrupts the period of five years contemplated by the first article. II. RELATING TO THE SECOND ARTICLE OF THE TREATY. No punishment 1.. It is expressly agreed that a person who, under the first article, is for emigration. to be held as an adopted citizen of the other State, on his return to his original country cannot be made punishable for the act of emnigration itself, not even thoughl at a later day he should have lost his adopted citizenship. III. RELATING TO ARTICLE FOUR OF THIIE TREATY. Rights of resi- 1. It is. agreed on both sides that the regulative powers granted to dent aliens. the two Governments respectively by their laws for protection against resident alien s, whlose residence endangers peace and order in the land, are not affected by the treaty. In particular the regulation contained in the second clause of the tenth article of the Bavarian military law of the 30th of January), 1868, according to which Bavarians emigrating from Bavaria before the fulfilment of their military duty cannot be admitted to a permanent residence in the land till they shall have become 32 years old, is not affected by the treaty. But yet it is established and Meaning of term agreed, that by the expression;" permanent residence " used in the said "permanent resi- article, the above described enigrants are not forbidden to undertale a deuce.1" journey to Balvaria for a less period of time and for definite purposes, and the RPoyal Bavarian Government moreover cheerfully declares itself ready, in all cases in which the emigration has plainly taken place in good faith, to allow a mild rule in practice to be adopted. R e cover y o f 2. It is hereby agreed that when a Bavarian naturalized in America, former citizenshipl and reciprocally an American naturalized in Bavaria, takes up his abode once more in his original country without the intention of return to the country of his adoption, he does by no means thereby recover his former citizenship; on the contrary, in so far as it rela.tes to Bavaria, it depends on His Majesty the King whether he will or will not in that event grant the Bavarian citizenship anew. BAVARIA, 1868. 47 The article fourth shall accordingly have only this meaning, that the adopted country of the emigrant cannot prevent him from acquiring once more his former citizenship; but not that the State to which the emigrant originally belonged is bound to restore him at once to his original relation. On the contrary, the citizen naturalized abroad must first apply to be received back into his original country in the manner prescribed by its laws and regulations, and must acquire citizenship anew, exactly like any other alien. But yet it'is left to his own free choice whether he will adopt that course or will preserve the citizenship of the country of his adoption. The two Plenipotentiaries give each other mutually the assurance that their respective Governments in- ratifying this treaty will also regard as approved and will maintain the agreements and explanations contained in the present protocol, without any further formal ratification of the same. [L. S.] GEO. BANCROFT. [L. s.j DR. OTTO FHUR. VON VOLDERNDOIiFF. 48 PUBLIC TREATIES. BELGIUM. BELGIUM, 1845. Nov. 10,1845. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION WITH BELGIUM, CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS NOVEMBER 10, 1845; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCHI 26, 1846; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 30, 1846; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 30, 1846; PROCLAIMED MARCH 31, 1846. [The operation of this treaty terminated August 20. 1858, under notice given by the Belgian Government in accordance with Article XIX.] Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between the United States of America and his ]lceiesty the King of the Belgians. Contracting par- The United States of America on the one part, and His Majesty the ties. lKing of the Belgians on the other part, wishing to regulate in a formal manner their reciprocal relations of commerce and navigation, and further to strengthen, through the development of their interests respectively, the bonds of friendship and good understanding so happily established between the Governments and people of the two countries; and desiring, with this view, to conclude, by common agreement, a treaty establishing conditions equally advantageous to the commerce and navigation of both States, have, to that effect, appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, namely: Negotiators. The President of the United States, Thomnas G. Clemson, Charg6 d'Affaires of the United States of America to His Majesty the King of the Belgians; and EHis Majesty the King of the Belgians, M. Adolphe Dechamps, Officer of the Order of Leopold, Knight of the Order of the Red Eagle of the first class, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michel of Bavaria, his Minister for Foreign Affairs, a member of the Chamber of Representants; Who, after having comTmunicated to each other their full powers, ascertained to be in good and proper form, have agreed and concluded the following articles: A:RTICLE 1. Freedom of corn- There shall be full and entire freedom of commerce and navigation merce and naviga- between the inhabitants of the two countries; and the same security tion. aind protection which is enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of each country shall be guaranteed on both sides. The said inhabitants, whether established or temporarily residing within any ports, cities, or places whatever, of the two countries, shall not, on account of their E q uality of commerce or industry, pay any other or higher duties, taxes, or imposts, duties. than those which shall be levied on citizens or subjects of the country in which they may be; and the privileges, immunities, and other favours, with regard to commerce or industry, enjoyed b)y the citizens or subjects of one of the two States, shall be common to those of the other ARTICLE II. Belgian vessels Belgian vessels, whether coIming from a Belgian or a foreign port, in ports of United shall not pay, either on entering or leaving the ports of the United SStates tates, whatever Hmay he their destination, any other or higher duties of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, light-houses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatsoever than are required from vessels of the United States in similar cases. This provision extends not BELGIUM, 1845. 49 only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever may be its designation. ARTICLE III. Reciprocally, vessels of the United States, whether coming from a Vessels of Unitecl port of said States or from a foreign port, shall not pay, either on enter- States in ports of ing or leaving the ports of Belgium, whatever may be their destination, any other or higher duties of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, light. houses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatever than are required from Belgian vessels in similar cases. This provision extends not only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever be its designation. ARTICLE IV. The restitution by Belgium of the duty levied by the Government of Restitution o f the Netherlands on the navigation of the Scheldt, in virtue of the third Scheldt duty. paragraph of the ninth article of the treaty of April nineteenth, eighteen hundred and thirty-nine, is guaranteed to the vessels of the United States. ARTICLE V. Steam vessels of the United States and of Belgium, engaged in regu- Certain steamJar navigation between the United States and Belgium, shall be exempt vessels exempt in both countries from the payment of duties of tonnage, anchorage, from duties. buoys, and light-houses. ARTICLE VI. As regards the coasting trade between the ports of either country, Coasting trade. the vessels of the two nations shall be treated on both sides on the same footing with the vessels of the most favoured nation. ARTICLE VTII. Articles of every description, whether proceeding from the soil, in- Duties on direct dustry, or warehouses of Belgium, directly imported therefrom, into imports. the ports of the United States, in Belgian vessels, shall pay no other or higher duties of import than if they were imported under the flag of said States. And reciprocally, articles of every description directly imported into Belgium from the United States, under the flag of the said States, shall pay no other or higher duties than if they were imported under the Belgian flag. It is well understood: 1st. That the goods shall have been really put on board in the ports from which they are declared respectively to come. 2d. That a putting-in at an intermediate port, produced by uncontrollable circumstances, duly proved, does not occasion the forfeiture of the advantage allowed to direct importation. ARTICLE VIII. Articles of every description, imported into the United States from Duties on inother countries than Belgium, under the Belgian flag, shall pay no other direct imports. or higher duties whatsoever than it they had been imported under the flag of the most favoured freign nation, other than the flag of the coulntry from which the importation is mlade. And reciprocally, articles of every R S I-4 50 PUBLIC T'tEATIES. description imported under the flag of the United States-into Belgium, from other countries than the United States, shall pay no other or higher duties whatsoever than if they had been imported under the flag of the foreign nation most favoured, other than that of the country from which the importxation is made. A PlTICLE IX. Export duties. Articles of every description, exported by Belgian vessels, or by those of the United States of America, from the ports of either country to any country whatsoever, shall be subjected to no other duties or formalities than such as are required for exportation under the flag of the country where the shipment is made. ARTICLE X. Premiums, draw- All premiums, drawbacks, or other favours of like nature, which may be allowed in the States of either of the contracting parties, upon goods imported or exported in national vessels, shall be likewise, and in the same manner, allowed upon goods imported directly from one of the two countries by its vessels into the other, or exported from one of the two countries by the vessels of the other to any destination whatsoever. A RTICLE XI. Salt andfisheries. The preceding article is, ho.wever, not to apply to the importation of salt, and(of the produce of the national fisheries; each of the two parties reserving to itself the faculty of granting special privileges for the importation of those articles under its own flag. ARTICLE XIIo Nationality of The high contracting parties agree to consider and to treat as BelVessels, gian vessels, and as vessels of the United States, all those which, being provided by the competent authority with a passport, sea-letter, or any other sufficient document, shall be recognized conformably with existing laws as national vessels in the country to which they respectively belong. AiRTICLE XIII. Duties on por- Belgian vessels and those of the United States may, conformnably tions of cargo re- with the laws of the two countries retain on board, in the ports of both, maining on board. such parts of their cargoes as may be destined for a foreign countl'y; and such parts shall not be subjected, either while they remain on bo;al Erd or upon reexportation, to any charges whatsoever other than those for the prevention of smuggling. Air'ICLE XIV. W a r e h o u s e During the period allowed by the laws of the two countries respectcharges, &c. ively for the warehousing of goods, no duties, other than those of watch and storage, shall be levied upon articles brought from either country into the other, while awvaitilg transit, re-exportation, or entry for consumption. Such goods shall in no case be subject to higher warehouse charges or to other formalities than if they had been inPported under the flag of the country. ARTICLE XV. Favors granted In all1 that relates to duties of customs and navigntion, the two high to other nations to contracting parties promise, reciprocally, not to grant any favour, privbecome common. ilege, or immunitv to any other State, which shall not instantly become BELGIUM, 1845. 5 comlmon to the citizens and subjects of both parties, respectively, gratuitously if the concession or favor to such other State.is gratuitous, and on allowing the same compensation or its equivalent if the concession is conditional. Neither of the contracting parties shall lay upon goods proceeding Importation and from the soil or the industry of the other party, which may be imported reeXportation of into its ports, any other or higher duties of importation or reexportation products. than are laid upon the importation and reexportation of similar goods coming from any other foreign country. ARTICLE XVI. In case of shipwreck, damages at sea, or forced putting-in, each party Wrecked or dainshall afford to the vessels of the other, whether belonging to the State aged vessels. or to individuals, the same assistance and protection, and the same immunities, which would have been granted to its own vessels in similar cases. ARTICLE XVII. It is moreover agreed between the two contracting parties that the Consuls and viceConsuls and Vice-Consuls of the United States in the ports of Belgium, consuls. and, reciprocally, the Consuls and Vice-Consfils of Belgium in the ports of the United States, shall continue to enjoy all the privileges, protection, and assistance usually granted to them, and which may be necessary for the proper discharge of their functions. The said Consuls and Deserters fro m Vice-Consuls may cause to be arrested and sent back, either to their vessels. vessels or to their country, such seamen as may have deserted front the vessels of their nation. To this end they shall apply in writing to the competent local authorities, and they shall prove, by exhibition of the vessel's crew list, or other document, or, if she shall have departed, by copy of said documents, duly certified by them, that the seamen whom they claim formed part of the said crew. Upon such demand, thus supported, the delivery of the deserters shall not be refused. They shall moreover receive all aid and assistance in searching for, seizing, and arresting such deserters, who shall, upon the requisition and at the expense of the Consul or Vice-Consul, be confined and kept in the prisons of the country until he shall have found an opportunity for sending them home. If, however, such an opportunity should not occur within three months after the arrest, the deserters shall be set at liberty, and shtall not again be arrested for the same cause. It is, however, understood that seamen of the country in which the desertion shall occur are excepted from these provisions, unless they be naturalized citizens or subjects of the other country. ARTICLE XVi[I. Articles of all kinds, the transit of which is allowed in Belgium, coin- Transit duty. ilig from or going to the United States, shall be exempt from all trIansit duty in Belgium, when the transportation through the Belgian territory is effected on the railroads of the State. ARTICLE XIX. The present treaty shall be in force during ten years from the (date of Durartion of the exchange of the ratifications, and until the expiration of twelve treaty. months after either of the high contracting parties shall have announced to the other its intention to terminate the operation thereof; each party reserving to itself the right of making such declaration to tle other at the end of the ten years above mentioned; and it is agreed, that after the expiration of the twelve months of prolongation accorded on both sides, this treaty and all its stipulations shall cease to be in force. 52 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XX. Ratifications. This treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within the term of six months after its date, or sooner if possible; and tile treaty shall be put in execution within the term of twelve months. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries hlave signed the present treaty, in duplicate, and have affixed thereto their seals. Date. Brussels, the tenth of November, eighteen hundred and forty-five. [L. s.] THOS. G. CLEMSON. [Lo s.] A. DIECHAMPS. BELGIUM, 1858. July 17,1858. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JULY d17, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 8, 1859; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 13, 1859; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 16, 1859; PROCLAIMED APRIL 19, 1859. Contracting par- The United States of America on the one part, and His Majesty the ties. W1King of the Belgians on the other part, wishing to regulate in a formal manner their reciprocal relations of commerce and navigation, and further to strengthen, through the development of their interests, respectively, the bonds of friendship and good understanding so happily established between the Governments and people of the two countries; and desiring with this view to conclude, by commlnon agreement, a treaty establishing conditions equally advantageous to the commerce and navigation of both States, have to that effect appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, namely: Negotiators. The President of the United States, Lewis Cass, Secretary of State of the United States; and His Majesty the King of the Belgians, MTir. Henri Bosch Spencer. decorated with the Cross of Iron, Chevalier of the Order of Leopold, Chevalier of the Polar Star, his Charge d'Affaires in the United States; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, ascertained to be in good and proper form, have agreed to and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Freedom of com- There shall be full and entire freedom of commerce and navigation merce and naviga- between the inhabitants of the two countries, and the same security tion. and protection which is enjoyed by the citizens or sub jects of each country shall be guaranteed on both sides. The said inhabitants, whether established or temporarily residing within a:ny ports, cities, or Equality of du- places whatever of the two countries, shall not, on account of their comnties. merce or industry, pay any other or higher duties, taxes, or imposts than those which shall be levied on citizens or subjects of the country in which they may be; and the privileges, immunities, and other favors, with regard to commerce or industry, enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of one of the two States, shall be common to those of the other. ARTICLE IIo Belgian vessels Belgian vessels, whether' coming from a Belgian or a foreign port, in ports of United shall not pay, either on entering or leaving the ports of the United StaLtes., States. vwhatever may be their destination, alny other or highler duties of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, light-houses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatsoever than are required from yes BELGI~UI, 1858. 53 sels of the United States in similar cases. This provision extends not only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever may be its designation. ARTICLE III. Reciprocally, vessels of the United States, whether coming from a port Vessels of United of said States or from a foreign port, shall not pay, either on entering States in ports of or leaving the ports of Belgium, whatever may be their destination, any Belgium. other or higher duties of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, lighthouses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatever, than are required from Belgian vessels in similar cases. This provision extends not only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever may be its designation. ARTICLE IV. Steam vessels of the United States and of Belgium engaged in regular Cdrtain steam navigation between the United States and Belgium, shall be exempt in vessels xe xempt both countries from the payment of duties of tonnage, anchorage, buoys. from duties. and light-houses. ARTICLE V. As regards the coasting trade between the ports of either country, the Coasting trade. vessels of the two nations shall be treated on both sides on the same footing with the vessels of the most favored nations. ARTICLE VI. Objects of any kind soever introduced into the ports of either of the No discriminatwo States under the flag of the other, whatever may be their origin tion in duties on and from what country soever the importation thereof may have been imports. made, shall not pay other or higher entrance duties, nor shall be subjected to other charges or restrictions, than they would pay or be subjected to were they imported under the national flag. ARTICLE VII, Articles of every description exported by Belgian vessels, or by those Export duties. of the United States of America, from the ports of either country to any country whatsoever, shall be subjected to no other duties or formalities than such as are required for exportation under the flag of the country where the shipment is made. ARTICLE VIII. All premiums, drawbacks, or other favors of like nature, which may Premiums, drawbe allowed in the States of either of the contracting parties upon goods backs, &c. iInported or exported in national vessels, shall be likewise and in the same manner allowed upon goods imported directly from one of the two countries by its vessels into the other, or exported from one of the two countries by the vessels of the other to any destination whatsoever. ARTICLE IX. The preceding article is, however, not to apply to the importation of Salt and fishsalt, and of the produce of the national fisheries, eaclh of the two par- eries. ties reserving to itself tile faculty of granting special privileges for the [See Artic le II, tmeaty of May 20, importation of those articles under its own flag, 1863, p. 56.1 54 -PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE X. Nationa lit of The high contracting parties agree to consider and to treat as Belgian vessels. vessels, and as vessels of the IUnited States, all those which, being provided by the -competent authority with a passport, sea-letter, or any other sufficient document, shall be recognized, conformably with existing laws, as national vessels in the country to which they respectively belong. ARTICLE XI. Duties o n p or - Belgian vessels and those of the United States may, conformably with tions of cargoes re- the laws of the two countries, retain on board, in the ports of both, such maining on board. parts of their cargoes as may be destined for a foreign country; and such parts shall not be subjected, either while they remain on board or upon reexportation, to any charges whatsoever other than those for the prevention of smuggling. ARTICLE XII. W a r e h o u s e During the period allowed by the laws of the two countries respectively charges, &c. for the warehousing of goods, no duties, other than those of watch and storage, shall be levied upon articles brought from either country into the other while awaiting transit, regxportation, or entry for consumption. Such goods shall in no case be subject to higher warehouse charges or to other formalities than if they had been imported under the flag of the country. ARTICLE XIII. Favors granted In all that relates to duties of customs and navigation, the two high to other nations to contracting parties promise, reciprocally, not to grant any favor, privibecome common. beom common lege, or immunity to any other State which shall not instantly become common to the citizens and subjects of both parties, respectively; gratuitously, if the concession or favor to such other State is gratuitous, and on allowing the same compensation, or its equivalent, if the concession is conditional. Importation and Neither of the contracting parties shall lay upon goods proceeding reexportation of from the soil or the industry of the other party, which may be imported products. into its ports, any other or higher duties of importation or reixportation than are laid upon the importation or reexportation of similar goods coming from any other foreign country. ARTICLE XIV. Wreckedor dam- Inl cases of shipwreck, damages at sea, or forced putting-in, each party aged vessels. shall afford to the vessels of the other, whether belonging to the State or to individuals, the same assistance and protection, and the same immunities, which would have been granted to its own vessels in similar cases. ARTICLE XV. Consuls and vice- It is, moreover, agreed between the two contracting parties that the consuls. Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the United States in the ports of Belgium, and, reciprocally, the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of Belgium in the ports of the United States, shall continue to enjoy all the privileges, protection, and assistance usually granted to them, and which may be necesDeserters from sary for the proper discharge of their functions. The said Consuls and vessels. Vice-Consuls may cause to be. arrested and sent back, either to their vessels or to their country, such seamen as may have deserted from tIhe ressels of their nation.'T'o this end they shall apply in wrlitingto o the BELGIUM, 1863. 55 competent local authorities, and they shall prove, by exhibition of tihe vessel's crew-list or other document, or, if she shall have departed, by copy of said documents, duly certified by them, that the seamen whom they claim formed part of the said crew. Upon such demand, thus supported, the delivery of the deserters shall not be refused. They shall, moreover, receive all aid and assistance in searching for, seizing, annd arresting such deserters, who shall, upon the requisition and at the expense of the Consul or Vice-Consul, be confined and kept in the prisons of the country until he shall have found an opportunity for sending them home. If, however, such an opportunity should not occur within three months after the arrest, the deserters shall be set at liberty, and shall not again be arrested for the same cause. It is, however, understood thatrl seamen of the country in which the desertion shall occur are excepted from these provisions, unless they be naturalized citizens or subjects of the other country. ARTICLE XVI. Articles of all kinds, the transit of which is allowed in Belgium, com- Transit duty. ing from or going to the United States, shall be exempt froum all transit duty in Belgium, when the transportation through the Belgian territory is effected on the railroads of the State. ARTICLE XVII. The present treaty shall be in force during ten years from the date of Duration of the exchange of the ratifications, and until the expiration of twelve treaty. months after either of the high contracting parties shall ehave announced [See Articles III to the other its intention to terminate the operation thereof, each party and V, convention reserving to itself the right of making such declaration to the other at ofMay 20, 1863, pp. the end of the ten years above mentioned; and it is agreed tliat, after 56 57.1] the expiration of the twelve months of prolongation accorded on both sides, this treaty and all its stipulations shall cease to be in force. ARTICLE XVIII. This treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged Ratifications. at Wrashington, within the term of nine months after its date, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. present treaty, in duplicate, and have affixed thereto their seals, at Washington, the seventeenth of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-eight. Date. [L. So] LEW. CASS. [L. S.] IH. BOSCH SPENCER. BELGIUM, 1863. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS May 20,1863. MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS RELATIVE TO IMPORT DUTIES AND CAPITALIZATION OF SCHELDT DUES, CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS, MAY 20, 1863; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEA3BRUARY 26, 1864; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 5, 1864; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUSSELS JUNE 24, 1864; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 18, 1864. The President of the United States of America on the one side, His Contracting parMajesty the King of the Belgians on the other side, having deemed it ties. advantageous to complete, by new stipulations, the treaty of commerce and navigation entered into by the United States and Belgium on the seventeeth day of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, have resolved to make a convention in addition to that arrangcneent, and have appointed for their Plenipotentiaries, namely: ;56 -PUBLIC TREATIES. Negotiators. The President of the United States, Henry Sllelton Sanford, a citizen of the United States, their Minister Resident near His Majesty the King of the Belgians; His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the Sieur Charles Itogier, Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold, decorated with the Iron Cross, Grand Cross of the Order of the Ernestine Branch of Saxony, of the Polar Star of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus, of Our Lady of the Conception of Villa-Vicosa, of the Legion of Honour, of the White Eagle, &c., a member of the Chamber of Representatives, his Minister of Foreign Affairs: Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Tonnage dues, From and after the day when the capitalization of the duties levied pilotage, &c. upon navigation in the Scheldt shall have been secured by a general [See Article III, arrangementtreaty of July 20, Ist. The tonnage dues levied in Belgian ports shall cease; 1853, p. 58. 2d. Fees for pilotage in Belgian p)orts and in the Scheldt, in so far as it depends on Belgium, shall be reduced twenty per centum for sailing vessels, twenty-five per centumn for vessels in tow, thirty per centumn for steam vessels; 3d. Port dues and other charges levied by the city of Antwerp shall be throughout reduced. ARTICLE II. Salt. In derogation to the ninth article of the treaty of the seventeenth of [See Article IX, July, eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, the flag of the United States treaty of 1858, P. shall be assimilated to that of Belgium for the transportation of salt. 53.] ARTICLE III. Import duties. The tariff of import duties resulting from the treaty of the first of May, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, between Belgium and France, is extended to goods imported from the United States, on the same conditions with which it was extended to Great Britain by the treaty of the twenty-third of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-two. The reduction made by the treaties entered into by Belgium with Switzerland on the eleventh of December, eighteen hundred and sixty[See Article V.] two, with Italy on the ninth of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, with the Netherlands on the twelfth of May, eighteen hundred and sixtythree, and also with France on the twelfth of May, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, shall be equally applied to goods imported from the United States. It is agreed that Belgium shall also extend to the United States the reductions of import duties which may result from her subsequent treaties with other powers. ARTICLE IV. Capitalization of The United States, in view of the proposition made by Belgium to the Scheldt dues. regulate, by a common accord, the capitalization of the Scheldt dues, consents to contribute to this capitalization under the following conditions: a. The capital sum shall not exceed thirty-six millions of francs. b. Belgium shall assume for its part one-third of that amount. c. The remainder shall be apportioned among the other States, pro rata to their navigation in the Scheldt. d. The proportion of the United States, to be determined in accordance with this rule, shall not exceed the sum of two millions seven hundred and seventy-ninle thousand two hundred francs. BELGIUM, 1863. 57 e. The payment of the said proportion shall be made in ten annual installments of equal amount, which shall include the capital and the interest on the portion remaining unpaid at the rate of four per centurn. The first installment shall be payable at Brussels, on the first day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, or immediately after the Congress of the United States shall have made the requisite appropriation. Iln either event, the interest shall commence to run on the date of the first of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, above mentioned. The Government of the United States reserves the right of anticipating the payment of the proportion of the United States. The above-mentioned conditions for the capitalization of the Scheldt [See Protocol to dues shall be inserted in a general treaty, to be adopted by a conference treaty of July 20, of the maritime States interested, and in which the United States shall 1863, pp. 60, 61.] be represented. ARTICLE V. The Articles I and 1V of the present additional convention shall be Duration of conperpetual; and the remaining articles shall, together with the treaty vention. of commerce and navigation made between the high contracting parties on the seventeenth of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, have the same force and duration as the ireaties mentioned in Article III. The ratifications thereof shall be exchanged with the least possible Ratifications. delay. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures present convention, and have affixed thereto their seals. Made in duplicate, and signed at Brussels the twentieth day of May, Date. eighteen hundred and sixty-three. [L. s.] H. S. SANFORD. [L. S.] CI. ROGIER. Declaration annexed to the additional convention signed this day Declaration anbetween the United States and Belgium: nexed. The Plenipotentiary of the United States having required that the Consular conattributions of the Consn1ls of the United States in Belgium should be- vention. come the object of farther stipulations, and it having been impractica- [See convention ble to complete in season the examination of the said stipulations, it is of Dec. 5, 1868, pp. agreed that the Belgian Government will continue that examination 62-66.] with the sincere intent to come to an agreement as early as may be possible. Done at Brussels, in duplicate, the twentieth of May, eighteen hundred and sixty-three. IH. S. SANFORD. CI. ROGIER. BELGI UM, 1863. TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY July 20, 1863. THE KING OF THE BELGIANS FOR EXTINGUISHMENIT OF THE SCHELI)T DUES, CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS JULY 20, 1863; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 26, 1864; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 5, 1864; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUSSELS JUNE 24, 1864; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 18, 1864. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the Bel- Contracting pargians, equally desirous of liberating forever the navigation of the ties. Scheldt from the dues which encumber it, to assure the reformnation of the maritime taxes levied in Belgium, and to facilitate thereby the developmeit of trade and navigation, have resolved to conclude a treaty to complete the convention signed on the twentieth of May, eighteen hundredl and sixtythree, between the United States and Belgium, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries% namely: b58 ~9PUBLIC ThlREATIES. Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, Henry Shelton Sanford, a citizen of the United States, their Minister Resident to His MiaIjesty the King of the Belgians; and His Majesty the King of the Belgians, M. Charles Rogier, Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold, decorated with the Iron Cross, &c., &c., &c., his Minister of Foreign Affairs; Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found to be in good and1 due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ALrTICLE Io Extinguishmen t The high contracting parties take note of, and record: oftheScheldtdues. 1st. The treaty concluded on the twelfth of May, eighteen hundred sixty-three, between Belgium and the Netherlands, which will remain [See Annex, pp. annexed to the present treaty, and by which His Majesty the King of 59, C0.] the Netherlands renounces forever the dues established upon navigation in the Scheldt and its mouths, by the third paragraph of the 9th article of the treaty of the 19th of April, eighteen hundred and thirtynine, and His Majesty the King of the Belgians engages to pay the capital sum of the redemption of those dues, which amount to 17,141,640 florins. Extinguishmernt 2d. The- declaration made in the name of His Majesty the King of appllies to allflags. the Netherlands on the filteenth of July, eighteen hundred and sixtythree, to the Plenipotentiaries of the high contracting parties, that the extinguishment of the Scheldt dues, consented to by his said Majesty, applies to all flags; that these dues can never be reestablished under any form whatsoever; and that this suppression shall not affect in any manner the other provisions of the treaty of the nineteenth of April, [See Protocol, eighteen hundred and thirty-nine, declaration which shall be considered pp. 60, 61.] inserted in the present treaty, to which it shall remain also annexed. ARTICLE 1I. Declarat i o n of His Majesty the King of the Belgians makes, for what concerns himn Iing of Belgium. the same declaration as that which is mentioned in the second paragraph of the preceding article. ARTIrCLE III. Tonnage d u e s, It is well understood that the tonnage dues suppressed in Belgium, pilotage, and local in conformity with the convention of the twenteenth of May, eighteen taxes. hundred sixty-three, cannot be reestablished, and that the pilotage [See Article I, dues and local taxes reduced under -the same convention cannot be treaty of May 20, 1863, p. 56.] again increased. The tariff of pilotage dues and of local taxes at Antwerp, shall be thesame for the United States as those which are set down in the protocols of the conference at Brussels. ARTICLE IV. P-roportion of the In regard to the proportion of the United States in the capital sum United States. of the extinguishment of the Scheldt dues, and the manner, place, and [See Article IV time of the payment thereof, reference is made by the high contracting 1t;63,ty PMaY 20, parties to the convention of the twentieth of May, eighteen hundred and sixty-three. ARTICLE V. Exee n t i o of The execution of the reciprocal engagements contained in the present eugagements. treaty is macde subordcinate, in so far as is necessary, to the formalities and rules established by the constitutional laws of the high contracting parties. BELGIUM, 1863. 59 ARTICLE VT. It is well understood that the provisions of Article III will only be Application of obligatory with respect to the State which has taken part in, or those Article III. which shall adhere to, the treaty of this day, the King of the Belgians reserving to himself expressly the right to establish the manner of treatment as to fiscal and customs regulations of vessels belonging to States which shall not be parties to this treaty. ARTICLrE VII. The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall Ratifications. be exchanged at Brussels with the least possible delay. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same Signatures. in duplicate, and affixed thereto their seals. Done at Brussels, the twentieth day of July, eighteen hundred and Date. sixty-three. [L. s.] H. S. SANFORD. [L. S.1 CH. ROGIER. [Translation. ] Treaty of ]May 12, 1863, between Belgium and the Netherlands, annexed to Treaty between the treaty of July 20j 1863. Belgium and the Netherlands. His Majesty the King of the Belgians and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, having come to an agreement upon the conditions of the redemption, by capitalization, of the dues established upon the navigation of the Scheldt and of its mouths, by paragraph 3 of the 9th article of the treaty of the 19th April, 1839, have resolved to conclude a special treaty on this subject, and have appointed for their plenipotentiaries, namely: His Majesty the King of the Belgians, M. Aldeplhonse Alexander Felix, Plenipote n t i aBaron du Jardin, Commander of the Order of Leopoldl, decorated with ries. the Iron Cross, Commander of the Lion of the Netherlands, Chevalier Grand Cross of the Oaken Crown, Grand Cross and Commander of several other orders, his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary near to His Majesty the King of the Netherlands; His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, Messrs. Paul Vander Maesen de Sombreff, Chevalier Grand Cross of the Order of the Nichan Iftihar of Tunis, his Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Jean Rudolphe Thorbecke, Chevalier Grand Cross of the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands, Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold of Belgium, and of many other orders, his Minister of Interior, and M. Gerard Henri Betz, his Minister of Finance; Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have coiicluded upon the following articles: ARTICLE 1. His Majesty the King of the Netherlands renounces forever, for the Scheldt dues. sum of 17,140,640 florins of Holland, the dues levied upon the navigation of the Scheldt and of its mouths, by virtue of paragraph 3 of Article IX of the treaty of 19th April, 1839. ARTICLE II. This sum shall be paid to the Government of the Netherlands by the Payrment by BelBelgian Governmenit, at Antwerp, or at Amsterdam, at the choice of the gium. latter, the franc calculated at 47i cents of the Netherlalndcls, as follows: 60 PUBLIC TREATIES. One-third immediately after the exchange of ratifications, and the two other thirds in three equal instalments, payable on the 1st May, 1864, 1st May, 1865, and 1st May, 1866. The Belgian Government may anticipate the above-named payments. ARTICLE III. When dues shall From and after the payment of the first instalment of one-third, the cease to be levied, dues shall cease to be levied by the Government of the Netherlands. The sums not immediately paid shall bear interest at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum, in favor of the treasury of the Netherlands. ARTICLE IV. Treaty engage- It is understood that the capitalization of the dues shall not inl any ments. way affect the engagements by which the two States are bound, in wheat concerns the Scheldt, by treaties in force. ARTICLE V. Pilotage dues. The pilotage dues now levied on the Scheldt are reduced 20 per cent. for sailing vessels, 25 per cent. for towed vessels, and 30 per cent. for steam vessels. It is, moreover, agreed that the pilotage dues on the Scheldt can never be higher than the pilotage dues levied at the mouths of the Meuse. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present treaty snall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at the lHague within four months, or earlier if possible. In t'aith whereof the Plenipotentiaries above named have signed the same and affixed their seals. Done at the Hague, the 12tPh May, 1863. fL. S.] BARON I)U JARDIN. IL. s.] P. VANDER MAESEN DE SOMBREFF. [L. s. THORBECKE. [L. S.] BETZ. [Translation.].July 15,1863. Protocol of July 15, 1863, annexed to tlhe treaty of July 20, 1863. Protocol. The Plenipotentiaries undersigned, having come together in conference to determine the general treaty relative to the redemption of the Scheldt dues, and having judged it useful, before drawing up this arrangement in due form, to be enlightened with respect to the trlcaty concluded the 12th of May, 1863, between Belgium and Holland, have resolved, to this end, to invite the Minister of the Netherlands to take a place in the conference. Dcclarat i. o n of The Plenipotentiary of the Netherlands presented himself in response the Minister of the to this invitation, and made the foliowing declaration: Netherlands. Extinguishmen t "6 The undersignedl, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Scheldt dues of his Majesty the King of the Netherlands, declares, in virtue of the special powers which have been delivered to him, that the extinguishment of the Scheldt dues, consented to by his August Sovereign in the treaty of the 12th May, applies to all flags; that these dues can never be reestablished in any form whatsoever; and that this extinguishment BELGIUM, 1868. 6 1 shall not affect in any way the other provisions of the treaty of the 19th April, 1839." " BARON GERICKE D'HIERWYNEN.' BRUSSELS, July 15, 1863." Note has been taken and record made of this declaration, which shall Record of declabe inserted in or annexed to the general treaty. ration. Done at Brussels, the 15th 3 uly, 1863. Sign a tures; [L. s.J BARON GERICKE D'HERWYNEN. date. LL. S.1 BARON DE HUGEL. [L. S. J. T. DO AMARAL. [L. S.] M. CARVALLO. [L. s.] P. BILLE BRAHE. sIL. sJ D. COELLI DE PORTUGAL. [L. S 1 H. S. SANFORD. [L. s.] MALARET. [L. S.] HOWARD DE WALDEN ET SEAFORD. [L. S.] VON HIODENBERG. [L. S.] CTE. DE MONTALTO. I-L. S.] IMAN. YRIGOYEN. [L. s.] V'TE. DE SEISAL. [L. S.] SAVIGNY. [L. S.] ORLOFF. [L. S.] AADALBERT MANSBACII. IL. S.] C. MUSUlRUS. [L. S.] GEFFEKEN. [L. S.] CI[. ROGIER. [L.~ S1.] BN. LAMBERMONT. BELGIUM, 1868. CONVEN1ION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJ Nov. 16, 1868. ESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS NOVEMBER 16, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 12, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUSSELS JULY 10, 1869; PROCLAIMED JULY 30, 1869. The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the Contracting parKing of the Belgians, led by the wish to regulate the citizenship of ties. those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Belgium, and from Belgium to the United States of America, have resolved to make a convention on this subject, and have appointed for their Plenipotentiaries, namely: The President of the United States of America, Henry Shelton San- Negotiators. ford, a citizen of the United States, their Minister Resident near His Majesty the King of the Belgians; and His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the Sieur Jules Vander Stichelen, Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion, &c, &c., &c., his Minister of Foreign Affairs; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Citizens of the United States who may or shall have been naturalized Wh o t o b e in Belgium will be considered by the United States as citizens of Bel- d n e d naturalgium; reciprocally, Belgians who may or who shall have been\ natural- zed citizens. ized in the United States will be considered by Belgium as citizens of the United States. 62 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE I. Offenses commit- Citizens of either contracting party, in case of their return to their ted before nttural- original country, can be prosecuted there for crimes or misdemeanors ization..* committed before naturalization, saving to them such limitations as are established by the laws of their original country. ARTICLE III. Oblig a ti on of Naturalized citizens of either contracting party who shall have resided military service, five years in the country which has naturalized them cannot be held to the obligation of military service in their original country, or to incidental obligation resulting therefrom, in the event of their return to it, except in cases of desertion from organized and embodied military or naval service, or those that may be assimilated thereto by the laws of that country. ARTICLE IV. Recovery of orig- Citizens of the United States naturalized in Belgium shall be considinal citizenship. ered by Belgium as citizens of the United States when they shall have recovered their character as citizens of the United States, according to the laws of the United States. Reciprocally, Belgians naturalized in the United States shall be considered as Belgians by the United States when they shall have recovered their character as Belgians according to the laws of Belgium. ARTICLE V. Duration of con- The present convention shall enter into execution immediately after vention. the exchange of ratifications and shall remain in force for ten years. If, at the expiration of that period, neither of the contracting parties shall have given notice six months in advance of its intention to terminate the same, it shall continue in force until the end of twelve months after one of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and by His Majesty the King of the Belgians, with the consent of Parliament; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Brussels within twelve months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and affixed thereto their seals. Date. Made in duplicate at Brussels, the sixteenth of November, one thousand and eight hundred and sixty-eight. [L. s.] H. S. SANi'FORD. [L. S.] JULES VANDER STICHELEN. BELGIUM, 1868. Dec. 5, 1868. CONSULAR CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS DECEMBER 5, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 12, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUSSELS JULY 8, 1869; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS CONSENTED TO BY SENATE MARCH 2, 170; PROCLAIMED MARCH 7,70 PROCLAIMED MARCH 1870. Contracting par- The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the ties. King of the Belgians, recognizing the utility of defining the rights, privileges, and immunities of consular oimcers in the two countries, deem it BELGIUM, 1868. 63 expedient to conclude a consular convention for that purpose. Accordingly, they have named: The President of the United States of America, Henry Shelton San- Negotiators. ford, a citizen of the United States, their Minister Resident near His Majesty the King of the Belgians; and His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the Sieur Jules Vander Stichelen, Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion, etc., etc., etc., his Minister of Foreign Affairs; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Each of the high contracting parties agrees to receive from the other, Consular offliers. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, in all its ports, cities, and places, except those where it may not be convenient to recognize such officers. This reservation, however, shall not apply to one of the high contracting parties without also applying to every other po wer. ARITICLE II. Consular officers, on the presentation of their commissions in the Exeqtiaturs. forms established in their respective countries, shall be furnished with the necessary exequatur free of charge, and on the exhibition of this instrument they shall be permitted to enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities granted by this convention. ARTICLE III. Consular officers, citizens of the State by which they are appointe(l, Exemptions. shall be exempt from arrest except in the case of off'lenes which the local legislation qualifies as crimes, and punishes it as such; from military billetings, from service in the militia or in the national guard, or in the regular army; and from all taxation, federal, State, or municipal. if, however, they are citizens of the State where they reside, or own property, or engage in business there, they shall be liable to the same charges of all kinds as other citizens of the country, who are merchants or owners of property. ARTICLE IV. No consular officer who is a citizen of the State by which he was ap- Excmption as pointed, and who is not engaged in business, shall be compelled to witnesses. appear as a witness before the courts of the country where he may reside. When the testimony of such a consular officer is needed, he shall be invited in writing to appear in court, and if unable to do so, his testimony shall be requested in writing, or be taken orally, at his dwelling or office. It shall be the duty of said consular officer to comply with this request without any delay which can be avoided. In all criminal cases contemplated by the sixth article of the amend- Appearance -in ments to the Constitution of the United States, whereby the right is court. secured to persons charged with crimes to obtain witnesses in their favor, the appearance in court of said consular officer shall be demanded, with all possible regard to the consular dignity and to the duties of his office. A similar treatment shall also be extended to United States Consuls in Belgium, in the like cases. ARTICLE V. Consuls Gene. ral Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may Flags,'ilecripplace over thle outer door of their offices, or of their dwelling-houses, tions, &e. the arms of their nation, with this inscription,'" Consulate, or Vice-Con 64 PUBLIC TREATIES. silate, or Consular Agency" of the United States, or of Belgium, etc., etc. And they may also raise the flag of theirscountry on their offices or dwelling-houses, except in the capital of the country, when there is a legation there. ARTICLE VI. Inviolability of The consular offices and dwellings shall be at all times inviolable. archives. The local authorities shall not, under any pretext, invade them. In no case shall they examine or seize the papers there deposited. In no case shall those offices or dwellings be used as places of asylum. When,;however, a consular officer is engaged in other business, the papers relating to the consulate shall be kept separate. ARTICLE VII. Rights of. Acting In the event of the death, incapacity, or absence of Consuls General, Consuls, &c. Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, their chancellors or secretaries, whose official character may have previously been made known to the Department of State at Washington, or to the Minister for Foreign Affairsi in Belgium, may temporarily exercise their functions, and while thus acting they shall enjoy all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities granted to the incumbents. ARTICLE VIII. Rights of Vice- Consuls General and Consuls may, with the approbation of their reConsuls and Con- spective Governments, appoint Vice-Consuls and Consular Agents in sular Agents. the cities, ports, and places within their consular jurisdiction. These officers may be citizens of the United States, of Belgium, or other foreigners. They shall be furnished with a commission by the Consul who appoints then, an(l under whose orders they are to act. They shall enjoy the privileges stipulated for consular officers in this convention, subject to the exceptions specified in Articles III and IV. ARTICLE IX. Complaint to lo- Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may cal or national an- complain to the authorities of the respective countries, whether federal thorities. or local, judicial or local, judicial or executive, within their consular district, of any infraction of the treaties and conventions between the United States and Belgium, or for the purpose of protecting the rights and interest of their countrymen. If the complaint should not be satistactorily redressed, the consular officers aforesaid, in the absence of a diplomatic agent of their country, mlay apply directly to the Government of the country where they reside. ARTICLE X. Power to take Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may depositions, verify take at their offices, at the residence of the parties, at their private respapers, &c. idence, or on board ship, the depositions of the captains and crews of vessels of their own country, of passengers on board of them, and of any other citizen of their nation. They may also receive at their offices, comformably to the laws and regulations of their country, all contracts between the citizens of their country and the citizens or other inhabitants of the country where they reside, and even all contracts between the latter, provided they relate to property situated or to business to be transacted in the territory of the nation to which said consular officer may belong. Copies of such papers and official documents of every kind, whether in the original, copies, or translation duly authenticated and legalizedl by the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, and sealed with their official seal, shall be received as Legal doeuments in courts of justice throughout the United States acnd Bel$iumn. BELGIUM, 1868. 65 ARTICLE X1. Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents shall Settle m en t of have exclusive charge of the internal order of the merchant vessels of disputes adbetw cr their nation, and shall alone take cognizance of differences which may arise, either at sea or in port, between the captains, officers, and crews, without exception, particularly in reference to the adjustiment of wages and the execution of contracts. Neither the federal, State, or municipal authorities or courts in the United States, nor any court or authority in Belgium shall, on any pretext, interfere in these differences. ARTICLE XII. The respective Consuls G-reneral, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Deserters from Agients may arrest the officers, sailors, and all other persons making part vessels. of the crew of ships of war or merchant vessels of their nation who mnay be guilty, or be accused of having deserted saidl ships and vessels for the purpose of sending them on board or back to their country. To that, end the consuls of the United States in Belgium may apply to a.nyr of the competent authorities; and the consuls of Belgium in the United States may apply in writing to either the federal, State, or municipal courts or authorities, and make a request in writing for the deserters, supporting it by the exhibition of the register of the vessel and list of the ciecw, or by other official documents, to show that the persons claimed belong to the said crew. Upon such request alone, thus supported, and without the exaction of any oath from the consular officers, the deserters, not being citizeis of the country where the demand is made at the time of their shipping, shall be given up, All the necessary aid and protection shall be furnished iBr the search, pursuit, seizure, and arrest of the deserters, who shall even be put and kept in the prisons of the country, at the request and expense of the consular officers, until there may be an opportunity for sending them away. If, however, such an opportunity should not present itself within the space of three months, counting from the day of the arrest, the deserter shall be set at liberty, nor shall he be again arrested for the same cause. ARTIOLE XIII. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary between the owners, Settle Ien t of fieighters, and insurers, all damages suffered at sea by the vessels of damages suffered the two countries, whether they enter port voluntarily or are forced by at Sea. stress of weather, shall be settled by the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents of the respective countries where they reside. If, however, any inhabitant of the country or citizen or subject of a third power shall be interested in the matter, and the parties cannot agree, the competent local authorities shall decide. ARTICLE XIV. All proceedings relative to the salvage of American vessels wrecked Salvage. upon tile coasts of Belgium, and of Belgian vessels wrecked upon the coasts of the United States, shall be directed by Consuls General, Consuls, and Vice-Consuls of the two countries, respectively, and, until their arrival, by the respective Consular Agents, wherever an agency exists. In the places and ports where an agency does not exist, the local authorities, until the arrival of the Consul in whose district the wreck may have occurred, and who shall immediately be informed of the occurrence, shall take all necessary nmeasures for the protection of persons and the preservation of property. The local authorities shall not otherwise interfere than for the maintenance of order, the lprotection of the interests of the sa1lvors, if they do not belong to the crews that have R S IV-5 PUBLIC TREATIES. been wrecked, and to carry into effect the arrangements made for the entry and exportationl of the merchandise saved. It is understood that such merchandise is not to be subjected to any custom-house charges, unless it be intended for consumption in the country where the wreck may have taken place. ARTICLlE XV. Residents dying In case of the death of any citizen of the United States in Belgium, intestate. or of a citizen of Belgium in the United States, without having any known heirs or testamentary executor by him appointed, the competent local authorities shall inform the Consuls or Consular Agents of the nation to which the deceased belongs of the circumstance, in order that the necessary information may be immediately forwarded to parties nterested. ARTICLE XV1I. Duration of con- The present convention shall remain in force for the space of ten vention. years, counting from the day of the exchange of the ratifications, which shall be made in conformity with the respective constitutions of the Ratifications. two countries, and exchanged at Brussels within the period of six months, or sooner if possible. In case neither party gives notice, twelve months after the expiration of the said period of ten years, of its intention not to renew this convention, it shall remain in force one year longer, and so on from year to year, until the expiration of a year from the day on which one of the parties shall have given such notice. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention, and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done at Brussels, in duplicate, the fifth day of December, eighteen hundred and sixty-eight. [L. S.] IH. S. SANFORD. [L. S.] JULES VANIDER STICHELE~N. June 1, 1869. Protocol additional to the convention between the United States and Belgiut, signed 5 December, 1868. Exten sioln of The Plenipotentiaries of the President of the United States and of time for exchange His Majesty the King of the Belgians, foreseeing that the, exchange of ratifications cannot be made within the delay prescribed, by reason of circumstances independent of the will of the high contracting parties, have met this day, and have agreed to prolong the delay for two months. Date~-L. Done at Brussels, the 1st of June, 1869. [L. S]. IH. ES. SANFORD. [L. S.J JULES VANDER STICHELEN. BELGIUM, 1868. Dec. 20, 1868. ADDITIONAL ARTICLE TO THE TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION OF JULY 17, 1858, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, RELATIVE TO TRADE-MARKS; CONCLUDED AT BRUSSELS DECEMBER 20, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 12, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUSSELS JUNE 19, 1869; PROCLAIMED JULY 30, 1869. Contracting par- The President of the United States of America and HEis Maijesty the ties. K: ing of the Belgians, deeming it advisable that there should be an additional article to the treaty of commerce and navigation between them BELGIUM, 1868. 67 of the 17th July, 1858, have for this purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, namely: The President of the United States, HEenry Shelton Sanford, a citizen Negotiators. of the United States, their Minister Resident near His Majesty the King of the Belgians; and His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the Sieur Jules Vander Stichelen, Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion, &c., &c., &c., his Minister of Foreign Affairs; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, have agreed to and signed the following: ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. The high contracting parties, desiring to secure complete and efficient Counterfei t i ng protection to the manufacturing industry of their respective citizens, trade-marks proagree that any counterfeiting in one of the two countries of the trademarks affixed in the other on merchandise to show its origin and quality, shall be strictly prohibited, and shall give ground for an action of damages in favor of the injured party, to be prosecuted in the courts of the country in which the counterfeit shall be proven. The trade-marks in which the citizens of one of the two countries Deposit of copmany wish to secure the right of property in the other, must be lodged, ies. to wit: the marlks of citizens of the United States at Brussels, in the Office of the Clerk of the Tribunal of Commerce; and the marks of Belgian citizens at the Patent Office in Washington. It is understood that if a trade-mark has become public property in When t r a d ethe country of its origin it shall be equally free to all in the other coun- mark becomespubtr~y. -- lie property. This additional article shall have the same duration as the before- Duration of artimentioned treaty of the 17th July, 1858, to which it is an addition. The cle. ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the delay of six months, or [ See Article sooner if possible. 15, treaty of In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. same, and affixed thereto their seals. Done at Brussels, in duplicate, the 20th of December, 1868. Date. [L. Se] IH. S. SANPORID. [L. S.] JULES VAINDER STICHELEN. 68 PUBLIC TREAfTIEcS BOL VIA. BOLIVIA, 1858. May 13,1858. TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION WITH BOLIVIA, CONCLUDED AT LA PAZ MAY 13, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, JUNE 26, 1860; AMENDMENTS PROPOSED BY CONSTITUENT NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF BOLIVIA CONSENT NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OFBOLVIA CONSENTED TO BY SENATE, AND TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED, FEBRUARY 3, 1862; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 17, 1862; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LA PAZ NOVEMBER 9, 1862; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 8, 1863. Treaty of peace, friendship7 commgerce, and navigation, between the United States of America and the Republic of Bolivia. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Republic of Bolivia, desiring ties. to make lasting and firm the friendship and good understanding which happily prevail between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation. Negotiators. For this most desirable object the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on John W. Dana, a citizen of the said States, and their Minister Resident to the said Republic; and the President of the Republic of Bolivia on the citizen Lucas Mendosa de la Tapia, Secretary of State in the Department of Exterior Relations and Public Instruction; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friendship. ship between the United States of America and the Republic of Bolivia, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. Favors granted If either party shall hereafter grlant to any other nation, its citizens to other nations to. or subjects, any particular favor in navigation or commerce, it shall ~ome common. immediately become common to the other party, freely when freely granted to such other nation, or on yielding the same compensation when the grant is conditional. EXPLANATION. Explanation o f As in said article it is stipulated that any special favor in navigation Article II. and trade granted by one of the contracting parties to any other nation, extends and is common to the other party forthwith, it is declared that, in what pertains to the navigation of rivers, this treaty shall only apply to concessions which the Government may authorize for navigating fluvial streams which do not present obstructions; that i.n to says, those whose navigation may be naturally plain and current without there having been need to obtain it by the employment of labor and capital; BOLIVIA, 1858. 69 that by consequence there remains reserved the right of the Bolivian Government to grant privileges to any association or company, as well foreign as national, which should undertake the n'avigation of those rivers from which, in order to be succeed, there are difficulties to overcome, such as the clearing out of rapids, &c., &C. ARTICLE I1io The'United States of America and the liepublic of Bolivia mutually Reciprocal liberagree that there shall be reciprocal liberty of commerce and naviga- tyof commerce and tion between their respective territories and citizens. The citizens of navigation. either republic may frequent with their vessels all the coasts, ports, and [See A r t i c l places of the other where foreign commerce is permitted, and reside in all parts of the territory of either, and occupy dwellings and warehouses; and everthinog belonging thereto shall be respected, and and shall not be subjected to any arbitrary visits or search. The said citi- Rights of resizens shall have full liberty to trade in all parts of the territory of either, denceandbusiness. according to the rules established by the respective regulations of commerce, in all kinds of goods, merchandise, manufactures, and produce, not prohibited to all, and to open retail stores and shops, under the same municipal and police regulations as native citizens; and they shall N o discriminanot in this respect be liable to any'other or higher taxes or imposts than tion in taxes. those which are or may be paid by native citizens. No examination or inspection of their books, papers, or accounts, shall be made without the legal order of a competent tribunal or judge. The provisions of this treaty are not to be understood as applying to Coasting trade. the navigation and coasting trade between one port and another, situated in the territory of either of the contracting parties —the regulation of such navigation and trade being reserved respectively by the parties according to their own separate laws. Vessels of either country shall, however, be permitted to discharge part of their cargoes at one port, open to foreign commerce, in the territories of either of the high contracting parties, paying only the custom-house duties upon that portion of the cargo which may be discharged, and to proceed with the remainder of their cargo to any other port or ports of the same territory, open to foreign commerce, without paving other or higher tonnage duties or port charges in such cases than would be paid by national vessels in like circumstances; and they shall be permitted to load in like manner at different ports in the same voyage outward. The citizens of either country shall also have the unrestrained right ight igt to travel. to travel in any part of the possessions of the other, and shall in all cases enjoy the same security and protection as the natives of the country in which they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws, decrees. and ordinances there prevailing. They shall not be called Exemption from upon for any forced loan or occasional contribution, nor shall they be forced loans, &c. liable to any embargo, or to be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandise, goods or effects, for any military expedition, or for any public purpose whatsoever, without being allowed therefor a full and sufficient indemnification, which shall in all cases be agreed upon and paid in adxance. ARTICLE IV. All kinds of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign No discriminacountry which can, from time to time, be lawfully imported into the tion between vesUnited States in their own vessels, ma.y be also imported in vessels of the IRepublic of Bolivia; and no higher or other duties upon the ton.nage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied and collected, whethe'r the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or of the other; and in like mainner all kinds of produce, manaufctures, and merchandise of any foreign country that can be, fromu time to time, lawfully inmported into the Republic of Bolivia ill its own vessels, nlwhether inl her Lorts uponll the Pacifice or ler ports upon the tributaries of. the 70 PUBLIC TREATIES. Amazon or La Plata, may be also imported in vessels of the United States; and no ]hiiher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shlal be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they agree that what may be lawfully exported or reexported from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may, in like manner, be exported or reexported in the vessels of the other country; and the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or reSxportations be made in vessels of the United States or of the Republic of Bolivia. In all these respects the vessels and their cargoes of the one country, in the ports of the other, shall also be on an equal footing with those of the most favored nation. It being further understood that these principles shall apply whether the vessels shall have cleared directly from the ports of the nation to which they appertain, or from the ports of any other nation. ARTICLE V. What to be con- For the better understanding of the preceding article, and taking into sidered Bolivian consideration the actual state of the commercial marine of the Republic vessels. of Bolivia, it is stipulated and agreed that all vessels belonging exclusively to a citizen or citizens of said Republic, and whose captain is also a citizen of the same, though the construction or the crew are or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as a Bolivian vessel. ARTICLE VI. No discrinina- No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into tion in duties on the United States of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the imports or exports. Republic of Bolivia, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the Republic of Bolivia of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles being the produce or manufactures of any other country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed, in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States or to the Republic of Bolivia, respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibitions be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States, or of the Republic of Bolivia, to or firom the territories of the United States, or to or from the territories of the Republic of Bolivia, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VII. Privileges of res- It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, idents. commanders of ships, and other citizens of either country, to manage themselves their own business, in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of the other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise, by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being ihl all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country.in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. ARTICLE VIII. Privileges to The lRepublic of Bolivia, desiring to increase the intercourse between steam vessels, the Pacific ports by means of steam navigation, engages to accord to any citizen or citizens of the United States who may establish a line of steam vessels to navigate regularly between the dlifferent ports and bays BOLIVIA, 1858. 71 of the coasts ot the Bolivian territory, the same privileges of taking in and landing freight and cargo, entering the by-ports for the purpose of receiving and landing passengers and their baggage and money, carrying the public mails, establishing depots for coal, erecting the necessary mlachine and work shops for repairing and refitting the steam vesselsj and all other favors enjoyed by any other association or company whatsoever of the same character. It is furthermore understood between the two high contracting parties that the steam vessels of either shall not be subject, in the ports of the other party, to any duties of tonnage, harbor, or other similar duties whatsoever thain those that are or may be paid by any other association or company. ARTICLE IX. WThenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels in disforced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, ports, or dominions of the tress. other with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacles or hindrance of any kind. And the provisions of this article shall apply to privateers or private vessels of war as well as public, until the two high contracting parties may relinquish the right of that mode of warfare, in consideration of the general relinquishment of the right of capture of private property upon the high seas. ARTICLE X. When any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting Vessels wrecked parties shall be wrecked, or shall suffer any damages in the seas, rivers, or damaged. or channels, within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same mianner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting themn to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever. ARTICLE XI. A11 the ships, merchandise, and the effects belonging to the citizens Captures by pi-. of one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, rates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving, in due forlm, their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year, by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective Governments. ARTICLE XII. The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to Disposalanud indispose of their personal goods w'thin the jurisdiction of the other, by heritance of persale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, sona property. being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or others acting for them. and dispose of the same at their will, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country where such goods are shall be subject to pay in lilke cases. And if, in the case of real estates, the said heirs would be prevented from entering illnto tle possession of the inheritance on ac 72 PUBLIC TREiATIES. count of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the longest period aullowed by the law to dispose of the same as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, nor any other charges than those which are imposed by the laws of the country..ARTICLE XIII. Citizens of each Both the contracting parties promise and engage, formally, to give nation to be pro- their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of tected. each other, of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice, for their judicial recourse on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives of the country; for which they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the accusations and sentences of the tribunals in all cases which may concern them; and like-, wise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited on the said trials. in the manner established by the laws of the Not to engage country. If the citizens of one of the contracting parties, in the terriin political ques- tory of the other, engage in internal political questions, they shall be tions. subject to the same measures of punishment and precaution as the citizens of the country where they reside. ARlTICLE XIVo Religious fr e e- The citizens of the two contracting parties shall enjoy the full liberty dom. of conscience in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, without being disturbed or-molested on account of their religious opinions, provided they respect the laws and established customs of the country. And the bodies of the citizens of the one who may die in the territory of the other shall be interred in the public cemeteries, or in other decent places of burial, which shall be protected from all violation or insult by the local authorities. ARTICLE XV. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America, and of the Republic of Bolivia, to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are, or hereafter shall be, at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with their ships and merchandises before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security, not only from places and ports of those who are enemies of both or either party, to the ports of the other, and to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy, to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of one power or of several. ARTICLE XVI. Principles recog- The two high contracting parties recognize as permanent and immunized. table the following principles, to wit: Freo ships make 1st. That free ships make free goods; that is to say, that the effects free goods. or goods belonging to subjects or citizens of a power or State at war are friee from capture or confiscation when found on board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war. Neutralproperty 2d. That the property of nleutrals on board an enelnys vessel is not one nemy's vessels. subject to confiscation, unless the same be contraband of war. BOLIVIA, 1858. 73 The like neutrality shall be extended to persons who are on board a Persons onboard neutral ship with this effect, that although they may be enemies to both "neutral vessels. or either party, they are not to be taken out of that ship unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemies. The contracting parties engage to. apply these principles to the commerce and navigation of all such powers and States as shall consent to adopt them as permanent and immutable. ARTICLE XVII. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contraband of merchandise, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name'war. of contraband of war, and under this name shall be comprehended1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2d. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use.'3d. Cavalry belts, and horses, with their furniture. 4th. And, generally, all kinds of arms, offensive and defensive, and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war by sea or land. ARTICLE XVIII. All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles Property not conof contraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above, shall be trakband. held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded; and to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared Defiuition of that those places or ports only are besieged or blockaded which are blockade. actually attacked by a belligerent force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLLE XIX. The articles of contraband before enumerated and classified which Capture of vesmay be found in a vessel bound to an enemy's port shall be subject to sel carrying condetention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the traband. ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great or of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this, as well as all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment according to law. ARTICLE XX. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or Blockaded pods. places belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is besieged, blockacded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, bult shall not be detained; nIlor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from any 74 P UBLIC TREATIES. officer commanding a vessel of the blockading forces, they shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either that may have entered into such port befbre the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting suchll place with her cargo; nor, if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XXI. Examination of In order to prevent all kind of disorder in the visiting anud examinavessels. tion of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they mutually agree that whenever a vessel of war. shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at a convenient distance, and may send its boats with two or three men only; in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of private armed vessels sball, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit; and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting his papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARITICLE XXII. Sea-letters and To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the passports. papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they agree that, in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ships, as also the name and place of habitation of the master and commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that said ship truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties; they likewise agree that such ships being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates, containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it nlaiy be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed in the accustomed form; without such requisites said vessels may be detained, to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall prove to be owing to accident, and supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XXIII. Vessels u n d er It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to convoy. the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and, wherf they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXIV. Prize courts and It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize decrees. causes in the country to which the prizes may be conducted shall alone take cognizance of them-; and whenever such tribulnals of either party BOLIJVIA. 1858. 75 shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, or goods, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree and of all the procedings in the case shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same, ARTICLE XXV. No citizen of the Republic of Bolivia, shall take any commission or let- L e t e r s o f ters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against marque. the said United States, or any of them, or against the citizens, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the said United States shall be at war; nor shall any citizen or inhabitant of the United States, or any of them, take any commission or letters of imarque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the citizens of the Republic of Bolivia, or any of them, or the property of any of them. from any Prince or State with which the said Republic of Bolivia shall be at war; and if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque he shall be punished according to their respective laws. ARTICLE XXVI. In accordance with fixed principles of international law, Bolivia re- Free navigation gards the rivers Amazon and La Plata, with their tributaries, as high- of the Amazon and ways or channels opened by nature for the commerce of all nations. In La Plata. virtue of which, and desirous of promoting an exchange of productions through these channels, she will permit, and invites, commercial vessels of all descriptions of the United States, and of all other nations of the world, to navigate freely in any part of their courses which pertain to her, ascending those rivers to Bolivian ports, and descending therefrom to the ocean, subject only to the conditions established by this treaty, and to regulations sanctioned or which may be sanctioned, by' the national authorities of Bolivia not inconsistent with the stipulations thereof. ARTICLE XXVII. The owners or commanders of vessels of the United States entering Navigation of the Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon or La Plata shall have the right tributaries. to put up or construct, in whole or in part, vessels adapted to shoalriver navigation, and to transfer their cargoes to them without the payment of additional duties; and they shall not pay duties of any description for sections or pieces'of vessels, nor for the machinery or materials which they may introduce for use in the construction of said vessels. All places accessible to these, or other vessels of the United States, Ports o p e n to upon the said Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon or La Plata, shall be foreign commerce. considered as ports open to foreign commerce, and subject to,the provisions of this treaty, under such regulations as the Government may deem necessary to establish for the collection of custom-house, port, light-house, police, and pilot duties. And such vessels may discharge and receive freight or cargo, being effects of the country or foreign, at any one of said ports, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 3. ARTICLE XXVIII. If, by any fatality, (which cannot be expected, and which God forbid,) Privilegesincase the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, of war. they agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the nmerchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each 76 PUBLIC TREATIES. other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which. may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations, who may be established in the territories of the United States and the Republic of Bolivia, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forf'eit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXIX. Debts, &c., not Neither the debts due from the individuals of one nation to the indito be confiscated. viduals of the other9 nor shares, nlor moneys which they may have in the public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or of national difference, be sequesteied or confiscated. ARTICLE XXX. Envoys, miniis- Both the contracting parties, being desirous of avoiding all inequalters, &e. ity in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, agree to grant to the Envoys, Ministers, and other public Agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the m1ost favored nation do or may enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Republic of Bolivia may find it proper to give to the Ministers and other public Agents of any other power shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXXI. Consuls and vice- To make effectual the protection which the United States and the consuls. Republic of Bolivia, shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most ilvored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in whVich the admission and residence of such Consuls and ViceConsuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLIE XXXII. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, immunities, and prerogatives which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering upon their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited, and having obtained their exequatur they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXXIII. Exemptions of It is also agreed that the Consuls, and officers and persons attached consular officers. to the consulate, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempted from all kinds of imposts and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of their commerce or property, to which the citizens or inhabitants, native or foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject, being, in everything besides, subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere withl them. BOLIVIA, 1858. 77 ARTICLE XXXIV. The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the Deserters fr om authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of'vessels. deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition of the registers of the vessels or ships' roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews; and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, when the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of said Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons, at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged or to others of the same nation; but if they be not sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE XXXVo For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consular convennavigation, the two contracting parties agree, as soon hereafter as cir- tion. cumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention which shall declare especially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and ViceConsuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXVIL. The United States of America and the Republic of Bolivia, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, declare solemnly and agree to the following points: 1st. The present treaty shall remain in fiall force and virtue for the Duratio n o f term of ten years, to be counted from the day of the exchange of the treaty. ratifications, and further, until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of said term of ten years; and it is agreed between them that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either from the other party, this treaty, in all its parts relative to commerce and navigation, shall altogether cease and determine; and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship, it shall be perpetual and permanently binding on both powers. 2d. If one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe any of Infringement of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held personally respon- treaty. sible for the same, and harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby, each party engaging iln no way to protect the offender or sanction such violation. 3d. If, (what indeed cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the Reprisals and articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated, or infringed in declarat i on s of any other mode whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the war. contracting parties will order or authorize any act of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages until the said party considering itself offended shall have first presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and demanded justice, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4th. Nothing in this treaty shall, however, be construed or operate Treaties with contrary to former and existing public treaties with other Sovereigns other nations not and States. affected. 78 PUBLIC TREATIES. Ratifications. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation Shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Bolivia, with the approbation of the National Con-.gress; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the capital of the Republic of Bolivia within eight months, to be counted from the date of the ratification by both Governments. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and of the Republic of Bolivia, have signed and sealed these presents. Date, Done in La Paz, on the thirteenth (13th) day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, (A. D. 1858.) [L. S.] JJOHN W. DANA. [L. S.] LUCAS M. DE LA TAPIA. BORNEO, 1850. 79 BO RNE O BORNEO, 1850. TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, AND GOOD UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN. June 23, 1850. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS HIGHNESS THE SULTAN OF BORNEO, CONCLUDED AT BRUNI JUNE 23, 1850; RATIFICATION ADVISED AND TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE JUNE 23,1852; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 31, 1853; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BRUNI JULY 11, 1853; PROCLAIMED JULY 12, 1854. His Highness Omar Ali Saifeddin ebn Alarhoum Sultan Mahomed Contracting parJamalel Alam and Pangiran Anak Mumin, to whom belong the govern- ties. ment of the country of Bruni and all its provinces and dependencies, for themselves and their descendants on the one part, and the United States of America on the other, have agreed to cement the friendship which has long and happily existed between them, by a convention, containing the following articles: ARTICLE T. Peace, friendship, and good understanding shall from henceforward Peace and friendand forever subsist between the United States of America and His ship. Highness Omar Ali Saifeddin, Sultan of Borneo, and their respective successors and citizens and subjects. ARTICLE II. The citizens of the United States of America shall have full liberty Liberty of trade. to enter into, reside in, trade with, and pass with their merchandise through all parts of the dominions of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo, and they shall enjoy therein all the privileges and advantages, with respect to commerceor otherwise, which are now or which may hereafter be granted to the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation; and the subjects of His Highness, the Sultan of Borneo, shall, in like manner, be at liberty to enter into, reside in, trade with, and pass through with their merchandise through all parts of the EUnited States of America as freely as the citizens and subjects of the most favored nation; and they shall enjoy in the United States of America all the privileges and advantages, with respect to commerce or otherwise, which are now or which may hereafter be granted therein to the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. ARTICLE Il1. Citizens of the United States shall be permitted to purchase, rent, or Security to peroccupy, or in any other legal way to acquire, all kinds of property sonsand property. within the dominions of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo; and His Highness engages that such citizens of the United States of America shall, as far as lies in his power, within his dominions, enjoy fiull and complete protection and security for themselves, and for any property which they may so acquire in future, or which they may have acquired already before the date of the present convention. ARTICLE IV. N:o article whatever shall be prohibited from being imported into or Imports and ex_ expoited from the territories of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo; ports. but the trade between the United States of America and the dominions o0 PUBLIC TREATIES. of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo shall be perfectly free, and shall be subject only to the custom duties which may hereafter be in force in regard to such trade. ARTICLE V. Duties on Ameri- No duty exceeding one dollar per registered ton shall be levied on can vessels. American vessels entering the ports of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo; and this. fixed duty of one dollar per ton, to be levied on all American vessels, shall be in lieu of all other charges or duties whatsoever. His Highness, moreover, engages that American trade and American goods shall be exempt from any internal duties, and also from any injurious regulations which may hereafter, from whatever causes, be adopted in the dominions of the Sultan of Borneo. ARTICLE VI. No dnty upon ex- ]His Highness the Sultan of Borneo agrees that no duty whatever ports from Borneo.. shall be levied on the exportation from His Highness' dominions of any artiqle, the growth, produce, or manufa6ture of those dominions. ARPTICLE VI. Ships'of war. His:Highness the Sultan of Borneo engages to permit the ships of war of the United States of America freely to enter the ports, rivers, and creeks situate within his dominions, and to allow such ships to provide.themselves, at a fair and moderate price, with such supplies, stores, and provisions as they may from time to time stand in need of. ARTICLE VIJL. Wrecks. If any vessel under the American flag should be wrecked on the coast of the dominions of His Highness the Sultan of Borneo, His Highness engages to give all the assistance in his power to recover for and to deliver over to the owners thereof all the property that can be saved from such vessels. His Highness further engages to extend to the officers and crew, and to all other persons on board of such wrecked vessels, full protection, -both as to their persons and as to their property. ARTICLE IX. Trial of ea s e s His Highness the Sultan of Borneo agrees that in all cases where a where American'.citizen of the United States shall be accused of any crime committed citizens are con- in any part of His Highness' dominious, the person so accused shall be exclusively tried and adjudged by the American Consul, or other officer duly appointed for that purpose; and in all cases where disputes or differences may arise between American citizens, or between American citizens and the subjects of His Highness, or between American citizens and the citizens or subjects of any other foreign power in the dominions of the Sultan of Borneo, the American Consul, or other duly appointed officer, shall have power to hear and decide the same, without any interference, molestation, or hindrance on the part of any authority of Borneo, either before, during, or after the litigation. Ratifications. This treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Bruni at any time prior to the fourth day of July, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four. Date. Done at the city of Bruni on this twenty-third day of June, anno Domini one thousand eight -hundred and flifty, and on the thirteenth day of the month Saaba.n, of the year of the Hegira one thousand two hundred.and sixty-six. [L. S.] JOSEPH BALESTIEBI. [L. S.] OMAR ALI SAIFEDDI-. -BRAZIL, 1828. 81 B RAZIL. BRAZIL, 1828. TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN Dec. 12,1828. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF BRAZIL, CONCLUDED AT RIO DE JANEIRO DECEMBER 12, 1828; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 10, 1829; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 18, 1829; PROCLAIMED MARCH 18, 1829. [This treaty' "in all parts relating to commerce and navigation," ceased and determined December 12, 1841, pursuant to notice given by the Brazilian Government under Article XXXIII. ] In the name of the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Contracting parBrazil, desiring to establish a firm and permanent peace and friendship ties. between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation. For this most desirable object, the President of the United States has Negotiators. conferred full powers on William Tudor, their Charg6 d'Affaires at the Court of Brazil; and His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, on the Most Illustrious and Most Excellent Marquez of Aracaty, a member of his Council, Gentleman of the Imperial Bedchamber, Councillor of the Treasury, Grand Cross of the Order of Aviz, Senator of the Empire, Minister and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Miguel de Souza Mello e Alvim, a member of his Council, Commander of the Order of Aviz, Knight of the Imperial Order of the Cross, Chief of Division in the Imperial and National Navy, Minister and Secretary of State for the Marine; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE, I. There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and friendship be- Peace and friendtween the United States of America and their citizens and His Imperial ship. Majesty, his successors and subjects, throughout their possessions and territories respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, Favors granted desiring to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the to other nations earth, by means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage to become c o mmutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation if the concession was conditional. It is understood, however, that the relations Exception as to and consventions which now exist, or may hereafter exist, between Brazil Portugal. and Portugal, shall form an exception to this article. R S IV — 82 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE III. Reciprocal free-; The two high contracting parties, being likewise desirous of placing dom of commerce the commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal ndlnavigat~ion, basis of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citizens and subjects of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, and reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandise; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce, which native citizens or subjects do or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages there established, to which native citizens or subjects are subCoasting trade. jected. But it is understood that this article does not include the coasting-trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARITICLE IV. Vessels of both They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or countries on the merchandise of any foreign country can be from time to time lawfully same footing. imported into the United States, in their own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of Brazil; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or the other. And in like manner, that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country, can be from time to time lawfuiiy imported into the Empire of Brazil, in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United States; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they agree that whatever may be lawfully exported, or reexported from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may, in like manner, be exported or reSxported in the vessels of the other country. And the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or reexportation be made in vessels of the United States or What vessels to of the Empire of Brazil. The Government of the United States, howbe considered Bra- ever, considering the present state of the navigation of Brazil, agrees zilian. that a vessel shall be considered as Brazilian when the proprietor and. captain are subjects of Brazil and the -papers are in legal form. A RTICLE V. E q u a 1 i ty of No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into duties on produce the United States of any articles the produce or manufactures of of either country. the empire of Brazil, and no higher or other duties shall'be imppose on the importation into the Empire of Brazil of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States, than are or shall be payable ow the like articles, being the produce or manufactures of any other foreign country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States, or to the Empire of Brazil respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the United States, or of the Empire of Brazil, to or from the territories of the United States, or to or from the territories of the Empire of Brazil, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VI. Merchants, &c., It iS likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, complaecd on the most manders of ships, anld othes citizens or subjects of both countries, to favcred footing. manaage themselves their own nsiaess, in all the ports and places sub BRAZIIJ, 1828. 83 ject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise by wholesale or retail, as with respect, to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens or subjects of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of the most favored nation. ARTICLE VII. The citizens and subjects of neither of the contracting parties shall Embargoes. be liable to any embargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, or merchandise or effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnification. ARTICLE VIII. Whenever the citizens or subjects of either of the contracting parties Vessel in disshall be forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or tress. dominions of the other, with their vessels, whether of merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection, for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE IX. All the ships, merchandise, and effects belonging to the citizens or sub- Property c a pjects of one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, tured by pirates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction, or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, ports, bays, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper form their rights before the competent tribunals, it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective Governments. ARTICLE X. When any vessel belonging to the citizens or subjects of either of the Shipwrecks. contracting parties shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage on the coasts or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, until they may be exported, unless they be destined for consumption. ARTICLE XI. The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have, Personal proppower to dispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the erty. other, by sale, donation, testament, or otherwise; and their representatives, being citizens or subjects of the other party, shall succeed to the said personal goods, whether by testament, or ab intestato, and -they may take possession thereof, either by themselves, or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases; and if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs would Real property be prevented from entering into the possession of the inheritance on 84 PUBLIC TREATIES. account of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same as they may think proper, and to withdraMw the proceeds without molestation, nor any other charges than those which are imposed by the laws of the country. ARTICLE XII. Special protec- Both the contracting parties promise and engage formally to give tion to persons and their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens and property. subjects of each other, of all occupations, who may be in their territories, subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial intercourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens and subjects of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ, -in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper in all their trials at-law. AITICLE XIII. Secfirity of con- It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of consciencfo. science shall be enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of both the contracting parties, in the countries subject to thejurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established Rights of burial. usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens and sub' jects of one of the contracting parties who may die in the territories of the other shall be buried in the usual burying grounds, or in other decent or suitable places, and shrall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XIV. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens and subjects of the Unitedci States of America, and of the Empire of Brazil, to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are, or who hereafter shall be, at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens and subjects aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandises before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security, from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of either party, without any oposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy before mentioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of one power or under several. Free ships make AAnd it is hereby stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, free goods. aiand that everything shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens or subjects of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed in like manner that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that, although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship unless they are officers or soldiers and in Limitationofthe the actual service of the enemies; provided, however, and it is hereby principle. agfed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applyiig to those powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enermlies whose governmrents acknowledge this principle, and not of others. BRiAZIL, 1828. 85 ARTICLE XV. It is likewise agreed that,, in the case where the neutral flag of one of Neutral flags. the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the other, by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree that, four months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall-not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandise of the neutral embarked in such enemyrs ship shall be free. ARTICLE XVI. This liberty of commerce,and navigation shall extend to all kinds of C o n t r a b a n d merchandises, excepting those 6nly which are distinguished by the name articles. of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended1st. Cannons. mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuzees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2dly. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use. 3dly. Cavalry belts and horses with their furniture. 4thly. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel,. brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war by sea or land. ARTICLE XVII. All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles All other merof contraband, expressly enumerated and classified as above, shall be chandise. held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded; and, to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places Definition of only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a force' blockade. capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE XVIII. The articles of contraband, before enumerated and classified, which Seizures and demay be found in a vessel bouild for an enemy's port, shall be subject to tention. detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessels will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great and of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the cap. turing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and all the other cases of just detention the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment, according to law. ARTICLE XIX. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail to a port or a Blockladed ports. place belolging to atl cnemy, withlout knowinig tlhat tihe same is be 86 PUBLIC( TRhEATlES. sieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscatedl, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from.lany officer commanding a vessel of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained fromn quitting such place with her cargo, nor if found therein after the reduction or surrender shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. And if any vessel having thus entered the port before the blockade took place, shall take on board a cargo after the blockade be established, she shall be subject to being warned by the blockading forces to return to the port blockaded, and discharge the said cargo, and if after receiving the said warning the vessel shall persist in going out with the cargo, she shall be liable to the same consequences as a vessel attempting to enter a blockaded port after being warned off -by the blockading forces. ARTICLE XX. Examination of. In order to prevent all kinds of disorder in the visiting and examinavessels. tion of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at the greatest distance compatible with making the visit under the circumstances of the sea and wind and the degree of suspicion attending the vessel to be visited, and shall send its smallest boat, in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the, vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of the said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit; and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel, for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XXI. Vessels t o be To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the prov i d e d w i t h papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens papers. and subjects of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do agree, that in case one of them shall be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens or subjects of tlhe other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of'the master or commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens or subjects of one of the parties; they have likewise agreed, that such ships being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates, containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form; without such requisites said vessel may be detained, to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, anld be satisfied or suplpliecl by testimony entirely equivalent. BIRAZIL, 1828. 87 ARTICLE XXII. It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to Vessels u n d e r the visiting and examining of vessels, shall apply only to those which convoy. sail without convoy; and when said vessel shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his worrd of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries; and when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXIII. It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes, in the countries to which the prizes may be conducted, shall decrees. alone take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal, of either party, shall pronounce judgment against, any vessel, or goods, or property claimed by the citizens or subjects of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be deliveredto the commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXIV. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with, L e t t e r s o f another State, no citizen or subject of the other contracting party shall marque. accept a commission or letter of inarque for the purpose of assisting or cooperating hostilely with the said enemy, against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate. ARTICLE XXV. If, by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, Privileges in the two contracting parties should be erigaged in a war with each other, time of war. they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business, and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens and subjects of all other occupations, who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States, and of the Empire of Brazil, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXVI. Neither the debts due from the individuals of the one nation to the No property to individuals of the other, nor shares nor money which they may have in be confiscated. public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever in any event of war or national difference be sequestrated or confiscated. ARTICLE XXVII. Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality Envoys, minisin relatianl to their public -communications and- ofieial intercourse;-have ters, &c. agreed, and. do agree, to grant to their Envoys, Ministers, and other public Agellnts, the same favtors, ilmmunities, andl exelmptions wlhich those 88 PUPLIC TREATIES. of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America, or the Empire of Brazil may find it proper to give the Ministers and public Agents of any other power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting plarties. ARTICLE XXVIII. C on s u 1s an d To make more effectual the protection which the United States and the Vice-Consuls. Empire of Brazil shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens and subjects of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign cornmerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation - each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to accept those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLE XXIX. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commissions or patent, in due form, to the Government to which they are accredited; and having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXX. Privileges ofcon- It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and sular officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens or subjects of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citizens or subljects and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject; being in everything besides subject to the laws of their respective States.' The archives and papers of the consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXXI. Deserters from The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters front public and private vessels of their country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition of the registers of the vessel or ship's roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of said crews; and on this demand so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of said Consuls, and may be put in the public prison, at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged or to others of the same nation. But if they be ~ot sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they slhall be set at liberty, and shatll no more be arrested for the samle aulise. BRAZIL, 1828. 89 ARTICLE XXXII. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consular c o U - navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon here- vention. after as circumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of tile Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARATICLE XXXIII. The United States of America and the Emperor of Brazil, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly and do agree to the following points: 1st. The present treaty shall be in force for twelve years from the Duration of date hereof; and further until the end of one year after either of the con- treaty. tracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of said term of twelve years; and it is hereby agreed between them, that on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either from the other party, this treaty, in all the parts relating to commerce and navigation, shall altogether cease and determine, and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both powers. 2dly. If any one or more of the citizens or subjects of either party Infringement of shall infringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen or subject treaty. shall be held personally responsible for the same, and the harmony and good correspondence between the nations shall riot be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender or sanction such violation. 3dly. If, (which, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the Reprisals an d articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed declarations of in any way whatever, it is expressly stipulated, that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proof, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4thly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed Treaties w ith to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other other nations not Sovereigns or States. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation shall Ratifications. be approved and ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Emperor of Brazil, and the ratifications shall be exchanged within eight months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, have signed and sealed these presents. Done in the City of Rio de Janeiro, this twelfth day of the month Date. of December, in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ one thousand eight Ihun icred al-l twenty eight. [L. s.] W. TUDOIR. [L. S.] IMARtQUEZ DE ARACATY. IL. S.J MIGUEL DE SOUZA AELLO E ALVIM. 90 PUBLIC TREATIES. BRAZIL, 1849. January 27,1849. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR -OF BRAZIL, FOR THE SATISFACTION OF CLAIMS OF CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES ON THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT, CONCLUDED AT RIO DE JANEIRO JANUARY'27, 1849; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 14, 1850; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 18, 1850; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JANUARY 18, 1850; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 19, 1850. In the nameof the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of ties. Brazil, desiring to remove every cause that might interfere with the good understanding and harmony which now happily exist between them, and which it is so much the interest of both countries to maintain; and to come, for that purpose, to a definitive understanding, equally just and honorable to each, as to the mode of settling the longpending questions arising out of claims of citizens of said States, have for the same appointed, and conferred full powers, respectively, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, on David Tod, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the said States near the court of Brazil; and His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, upon the most illustrious and most excellent Viscount of Olinda, of his Council, and of the Council of State, Senator and Grandee of the Empire, Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, of the Legion of Honor of France, and of Saint Maurice and Saint Lazarus of Sardinia, Officer of the.Imperial Order of the Cross, Commander of the Order of Christ, President of the Council of Ministers, Minister and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Who, after- exchanging their full powers, which were found in good and proper form, agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Sum to be placed The two high contracting parties, appreciating the difficulty of agreeat disposal of Pres- ing upon the subject of said reclamations, from the belief entertained States.of nid, by each —one of the justice of the claims, and the other of their injustice-and being convinced that the only equitable and honorable method by which the two countries can arrive at a perfect understanding of said questions is to adjust them by a single act, they mutually agreed, after a mature examination of these claims, and, in order to carry this agreement into execution, it becomes the duty of Brazil, to place at the disposition of the President of the United States the amount of five hundred and thirty thousand milreis, current money of Brazil, as a reasonable and equitable sum; which shall comprehend the whole of the reclamations, whatever may be their nature and amount, and as full compensation for the indemnifications claimed by the Government of said States, to be paid in a round suml, without reference to any one of said claims, upon the merits of which the two high contracting powers refrain from entering; it being left to the Government of the United States to estimate the justice that may pertain to the claimants, for the purpose of.ldistributing among them the aforesaid sum of five hundred and thirty thousand milreis as it may deem most proper. ARTICLE II. Responsibility In conformity to what is agreed upon in the preceding article, Brazil a ris i n g from is exonerated from all responsibility springing out of the aforesaid claims. claims presented by the Government of the United States up to the date of this convention, which can neither be reproducecl nor reconsidered in future. BRAZIL, 1849. 91 ARTICLE III. In order that the Government of the United States may be enabled. Documents to be properly to consider the claims of the citizens of said States, they remaining, as above declared, subject to its judgment, the respective documents which throw light upon them shall be delivered by the Imperial Government to that of the United States, so soon as this convention shall receive the ratification of the Government of said States. ARTICLE IV. The sum agreed upon shall be paid by the Imperial Government to Payment by Brathat of the United States, in the current money of Brazil, as soon as zil. the exchange of the ratifications of this convention is made known in this capital, for which His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil pledges himself to obtain the necessary funds at the next session of the legislature. ARTICLE V. The payment of the sum above named, of five hundred and thirty Payment of in. thousand milreis, shall not be made until after the reception of the terest. notice in this capital of the exchange of ratifications; but the said sum shall bear interest, at six per centurm per annum, from the. first day of July next. The Imperial Government, however, obliges itself to make good that interest only when, in conformity to the preceding article of this convention, the amount stipulated shall be paid. ARTICLE VI. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications ex- Ratifications. changed, in Washington, within twelve months after it is signed in this capital, or sooner if possible. In faith of which we,% Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Amer- Signatures. ica and of His Majesty the Eiynperor of Brazil, sign and seal the same. Done in the city of Rio de Janeiro, this twenty-seventh day of Jan- Date. uary, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fortynine. [L. S.] DAVID TOD. [L. S.] VISCOINDE DE OLINDA. 92 PUBLIC TREATIES. B RE MEN. [See Hanseatic Republics.] BREME N, 1853. Sept. 61853. DECLARATION OF ACCESSION OF THE SENATE OF THE FREE HANSEATIC _____p___ CITY OF BREMEN TO THE CONVENTION FOR THE MUTUAL DELIVERY OF CRIMINALS, FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE, BETWEEN PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION ON THE ONE PART, AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ON THE OTFIE-R PART; SIGNED SEPTEMBER 6, 1853; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT OCTOBER 14, 1853; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON OCTOBER 14, 1853; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 15, 1853. Accession to con- Whereas a convention for the mutual delivery of criminals fugitives vention for extra- from justice, in certain cases, between Prussia and other states of the ditionofcriminals. Germanic.Confederation, on the one part, and the United States of North America on the other part, was concluded at Washington, on the [See "Prussia 16th June, 1852, by the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, and and other States."] was subsequently duly ratified on the part of the contracting governments; and whereas, pursuant to the second article of the said convention, the United States have agreed that the stipulations of the said convention shall be applied to any other state of the Germanic Confederation which might subsequently declare its accession thereto: Therefore the senate of the free Hanseatic city of Bremen accordingly hereby declares their accession to the said convention of the 16th June, 1852, which is literally as follows: [A copy of the convention of the 16th of June, 1852, between the United States and Prussia and other Germanic states, is here inserted.] And hereby expressly promises that all and every one of the articles and provisions contained in the said convention shall be faithfully observed and executed within the dominion of the free Hanseatic city of Bremen. Signature. In faith whereof the president of the senate has executed the present declaration of accession, and has caused the great seal of Bremen to be affixed to the same. Date. Done at Bremen the sixth day of September, eighteen hundred and fifty-three. The President of the Senate, [SEAL.] SMIDT. BREULS, Seer. BRUNSWICK AND LiUNEBURG, 1854. 93 BRUNSWICK AND LUNEBURG. BRUNSWICK AND LUNEBURG, 1854. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS August 21, 1854. HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF BRUNSWICK AND LUNEBURG, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON AUGUST 21, 1854; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT'I', MARCH 3, 1855; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 10, 1855; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JULY 28, 1855; PROCLAIMED JULY 30, 1855. [The duchy of Brunswick and Lneburg became a state of the North German Union by the constitution of the latter, which took effect July 1, 1867.] The President of the United States of America and His Highness the Contracting parDuke of Brunswick and Liineburg, animated by the desire to secure ties. and extend by an amicable convention the relations happily existing between the two countries, have, to this effect, appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: The President of the United States of America, William L. Marcy, Negotiators. Secretary of State of the United States; and His Highness the Duke of Brunswick and Liineburg, Dr. Julius Samson, his said Highness' Consul at Mobile, Alabama; Who, after the exchange of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens of each one of the high contracting parties shall have power Disposal and into dispose of their personal property, within thejurisdiction of the other, heritance of persubject to the laws of the State or country where the domicil is, or the sonal property. property is found, either by testament, donation, or ab intestato, or in any other manner, and their heirs, being citizens of the other party shall inherit all such personal estates, whether by testament; or ab intestato, and they may take possession of the same, either personally or by attorney, and dispose of them as they may think proper, paying to the respective governments no other charges than those to which the inhabitants of the country in which the said property shall be found would be liable in a similar case; and in the absence of such heir or heirs the Absent heirs. same care shall be taken of the property that would be taken in the like case for the preservation of the property of a citizen of the same country, until the lawful proprietor shall have had time to take measures for possessing himself of the same; and in case any dispute should arise between claimants to the same succession, as to the property thereof, the question shall be decided according to the laws, and by the judges, of the country in which the property is situated. ARTICLE II. If by the death of a person owning real property in the territory of Devisees or heirs one of the high contracting parties such property should descend, either of real estate. by the laws of the country or by testamentary disposition, to a citizen of the other party, who, on account of his being an alien, could not be permitted to retain the actual possession of such property, such term as the laws of the State or country will permit shall be allowed to him to dispose ofsuch property, and collect a.nd withdraw the proceeds 94 PUBLIC TREATIES. thereof, without paying to the government any other charges than those which, in a similar case, would be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which such real property may be situated. ARTTCLE III. Duration of con- The present convention shall be in force for the term of twelve years ventilon. from the date hereof; and further until the end of twelve months after the Government of the United States on the one part, or that of His Highness the Duke of Brunswick and Liineburg on the other, shall have given notice of its intention of terminating the same..Ratifications. This convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington, within twelve months after its date, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done at Washington this twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, and of the Independence of the United States the seventy-ninth. C[L.~ s.] W. L. MARCY. [L. 5.3 JULIUS SAMSON. CENTRAL AMERICA, 1825. 95 C ENTRAL AMERICA. CENTRAL AMERICA, 1825. GENERAL CONVENTION OF PEACE, AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION::Dec. 5,1825. BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE FEDERATION OF THE CENTRE OF AMERICA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON DECEMBER 5, 1825; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE DECEMBER 29, 1825; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT GUATEMALA AUGUST 2, 1826.; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 28, 1826. [This treaty, as respects commerce and navigation, expired by its own limitation on the 2d of August, 1838, and for the rest by the dissolution of the Federation in 1847-8.l The United States of America and the Federation of the Centre of Contracting parAmerica, desiring to make firm and permanent the peace and friendship ties. which happily prevail between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty, or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation. For this most desirable object, the President of the United States of Negotiators. America has conferred full powers on Henry Clay, their Secretary of State; and the Executive Power of the Federation of the Centre of America on Antonio Jose Cafias, a Deputy of the Constituent National Assembly for the Province of San Salvador, and Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of that Republic near the United States; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles.: ARTICLE I. There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friend- PeaIe and friendship between the United States of America and the Federation of the' ship. Centre of America, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens, respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE If. The United States of America and the Federation of the Centre of Favors granted America, desiring to live in peace and harmony with all the other na: teo other nations to tions of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally friendly with become conmon. all, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties, being likewise desirous of placing Freedom of comthe commuerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal merce and naVigabasis of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citi- tion. zens of each may frequentall the coasts and countries of the other, and reside and trade there, in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and mer 96 PUBLIC TREATIES. chandise; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce which native citizens do or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages there established to which native citizens are subjected. But it is understood that this article does not include the coasting trade of either counttry, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties, respectively, accordinlg to their own separate laws. ARTICLE IV. Imports and ex- They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or ports. merchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the United States in their own vessels, may he also imported in vessels of the Federation of the Centre of America; and that Tonnage dues. no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel or her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made ill vessels of the one country or of the other. And in like manner that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the Central Republic, in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United States, and that. no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel, or her cargo, shall be levied and collected. whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they further agree that whatever may be lawfully exported or reixported from the one country in its own vessels to any foreign country may, in like manDrawbacks and ner, be exported or reexported in the vessels of the other country. And bounties. the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or reixportation be made in vessels of the United States or of the Central Republic. ARTICLE V. Equality of du- NO higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the ties on produce of United States of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the Fedeeitlher colntry. ration of the Centre of America, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on theimportation into the Federation of the Centre of America of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the produce or manufactures of any other foreign country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries on the exportation of any articles to the United States or to the Federation of the Centre of America, respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the United States or of the Federation of the Centre of America, to or from the territories of the United States or to or from the territories of the Federation of the Centre of America, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VI. Right of manag- It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, ing business, commanders of ships, and other citizens, of both countries, to manage, themselves, their own business, in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise, by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being, in all these cases, to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of the umost favored nation. CENTRAL AMERICA, 182.5. 97 ARTICLE VII. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to any Embargo or deembargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandise, or tention. effects for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnification. ARTICLE V1II. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels in disforced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions tress. of the other, with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placilg themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE IX. All the ships, merchandise, and effects belonging to the citizens of Captures by pione of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, rates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper form their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of the respective Governments. ARTICLE X. When any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the contract- Wrecks. ing parties shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage on the coasts, or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and eflects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, until they may be exported. ARTICLE XI. The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to Disposal and indispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by heritance of persale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, being sonal property. citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country, wherein said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases. And if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs would be prevented Heirs to real from entering into the possession of the inheritance, on account of their estate. character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt from all duties of detraction, on the part of the Government of the respective States. ARTICLE XII. Both the contracting parties promise- and engage formally to give Proteetion to their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of residents. each other, of all occupations, who may be ill the territories, subject R S V-7 98 PUBLIC TREATIES. to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper, in a11 their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examninations and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials. ARTICLE XIII. Security of con- It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of science. conscience shall be enjoyed by the citizens of both the contracting parties in the country subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established Rights of burial. usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying grounds, or in other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XIV. Nelutraltrade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and of the Federation of the Centre of America to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port, to the places of those who now are, or hereafter shall be, at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandise before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens, of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy, before mentioned, to neLitral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of Free ships make one power or under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships free goods. shall also give freedom to goods, and that everything shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the 7whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemy: Provided, Limitation ofthe However, and it is hereby agreed, that the stipulations in this article principle. containedl, declaring that the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose Governments acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XVo Neutral property It is likewise agreed that, in the case where the neutral flag of one of on board enemy's the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the vessel. other by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be undlerstood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considerecl as eneumys property, and as suclh shall be liable to CENTRAL AMERICA, 1825. 99 detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree that two months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandise of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ships, shall be free. ARTICLE XVI. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contraband artimerchandise excepting those only which are distinguished by the name cls. of contraband, and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuzees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms; 2dly. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts and clothes, made up in the form and for a military use; 3dly. Cavalry belts and horses with their furniture; 4thly. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war by sea or land. ARTICLE XVII. All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles Other merchanof contraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above, shall be dise. held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged! or blockaded; and to avoid all doubt in this particular it, is declared that those places Definition of only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a bellig- blockade. erent force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE XVIII. The articles of contraband before enumerated and classified which may Condemnation of be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port, shall be subject to de- contraband artitention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessels will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great and of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port, for trial and judgment, according to law. AR TICLE XIX. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place Blockaded ports. belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless after warning of such blockade or investment from the commanding officer of the blockading forces she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think 100 PUBLIC TREATIES. proper. Nor shall any vessel of either that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor if found therein after the reduction and surrender shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XX. Visits at sea. In order to prevent all kind of disorder in the visiting and examination of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon shot, and may send its boat with two or three men only in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property, for which purpose the commanders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XXI. Passports a n d To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the sea-letters. papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed a.nd do agree that in case one of them should be engaged in war;, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties; they have likewise agreed that such ships being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed in the accustomed form; without which requisites said vessel may be detained to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize unless the said defects shall be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XXII. Vessels U l d er It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed relative to convoy. the visiting and examination of vessels shall apply only to those which sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy on his word of honor that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries-and when they are bound to an enemy's port that they have no contraband goods on board-shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXIII. Prize courts and It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize decrees. causes in the country to which tihe prizes may be conducted shall alone takle cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal.of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been CENTRAL AMERICA, 1825. 101 founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree and of all the proceedings in the case shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXIV. Whenever one of the contracting'parties shall be engaged in war with I e t t e r s o f another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a marque. commission or letter of marque for the purpose of assisting or coiperating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate. ARTICLE XXV. If, by any fatality which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, Rights of resithe two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, dents in case of they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be al- war. lowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their busin'ess and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations who' may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States and of the Federation of the Centre of America, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXVI. Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the indi- Debts, &c., not viduals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys which they may have in to be sequestered. public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war, or of national difference, be sequestered or confiscated. ARTICLE XXVII. Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality E nV o s, Minin relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have isters, &c. agreed, and do agree, to grant to the Envoys, Ministers, and other Public Agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nations do or shall enjoy,"it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Federation of the Centre of America may find it proper to give to the Ministers and Public Agents of any other power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXVIII. To make more effectual the protection which the United States and C o n suls and the Federation of the Centre of America shall afford in future to the Vice-Consuls. navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. 102 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXIX. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXX. Exemptions of It is likwise agreed that the Consuls, their Secretaries, officers, and consular officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all Dublic service, and also from all kind of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject, being in everything besides subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXXI. Deserters from The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition of the registers of the vessels or ship7s roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews; and, on this demand so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But if they be not sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE XXXII. Consular con- For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and vention. navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon hereafter as circumstances will permit them, to form a, consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. - ARTICLE XXXIII. The United States of America and the Federation of the Centre of America, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following points: Duration of 1st. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the convention. term of twelve years, to be counted from the day of the exchange of the ratifications, in all the parts relating to commlunerce and navigation; CENTRAL AMERICA, 1825. 103 and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both powers. 2dly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe Infringement of any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held personally convention. responsible for the same, and the harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation. 3dly. If, (which indeed cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the Reprisals and articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in declarationsofwar. any other way whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other on complaints of injuries or damages until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or (lamages, verified by competent proof; and demanded justice andi satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4thly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed or Treaties with operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other Soy- other nations not affected. ereigns or States. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation shall Ratifications. be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Government of the Federation of the Centre of America, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Guatemala within eight months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Federation of the Centre of America, have signed and sealed these presents. D)one in the city of Washington on the fifth day of December, in the Date. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five, in the fiftieth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and the fifth of that of the Federation of the Centre of America, in duplicate. [L. S.] H. CLAY. [IL. S.j ANTONIO JOSE CANAS. $g104 PUBLIC TREATIES. CHILI. CHILI, 1832. May 16,1832. GENERAL CONVENTION OF PEACE, AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION --- BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF CHILI, CONCLUDED MAY 16, 1832; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE DECEMBER 19, 1832; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 26, 1834; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 29, 1834; PROCLAIMED APRIL 29, 1834. [This treaty and the explanatory convention which follows it were terminated January 20, 1850, pursuant to notice by the Chilian Government under Article XXXI.] In1 the name of God, Author and Legislator of the Universe. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Republic of Chili, desiring to ties. make firm and lasting the friendship and good understanding which happily prevail between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace and friendship, commerce, and navigation. Negotiators. For this most desirable object, the Presi dent of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, has appointed and conferred full powers on John Hamm, a citizen of-said States, and their Charge d'Affaires near the said Republic; and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Chili has appointed Selor Don Andres Bello, a citizen of the said Republic; And the said Plenipotentiaries, after having mutually produced and exchanged copies of their full powers in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles, videlicet: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friendship. ship between the United States of America and the Republic of Chili, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens, respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. Favors granted The United States of America and the Republic of Chili, desiring to to other nations to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by become common. means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage, mutually, not to grant to any particular favor to other nations in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not, immediately, become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation if the conExceptions. cession was conditional. It is understood, however, that the relations and convention which now exist, or may hereafter exist, between the Republic of Chili and the Republic of Bolivia, the Federation of the Centre of Amelica, the Republic of Colombia, the United States of [See Article I, Mexico, the Republic of Peru, or the United Provinces of the Rio de la treaty of 1833, p. Plata, shall foibrm exceptions to this article. 112.] CHILI, 1832. 105 ARTICLE III. The citizens of the United States of America may frequent all the Freedom of cornmcoasts and countries of the lRepublic of Chili, and reside and trade there merce and navigain all sorts of produce, manufactures, and imerchandise, and shall pay tion. no other or greater duties, charges, or fees, whatsoever, than the most favored nation is or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees, and usages there established, and to which are submitted the citizens and subjects of the most favored nations. In like manner the citizens of the Republic of Chili may frequent all.the coasts and countries of the United States of America, and reside and trade there, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and merchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, charges, or fees, whatsoever, than the most fatvored nation is or shall be obliged to pay, and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in commerce and navigation which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees, and usages there established, and to which are submitted the citizens and'subjects of the most favored nations. But it is understood that this article does not Coasting trade. include the coasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties, respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARTICLE IV. It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, Merchants and commanders of ships, and other citizens of both countries, to manage, others free to manage their own busithemselves, their own business, in all ports and places subject to the ness. jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise, by wholesale and retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships, they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. ARTICLE V. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to Embargo or deany embargo nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandise, tention. or effects for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnification. ARTICLE VI. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels in distress. forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, with their vessels, whether of merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE VII.. All the ships, merchandise, and effects belonging to the citizens of one Captures by piof the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, whether rates. within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the othel, shall be deliverecd up) to the owners, they proving in due and 10 03 PUBLIC TREA.TIES. proper form their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well undl(erstood that the claim should be made within the term of one year, by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective Governments. ARTICLE VIII. Wrecks. When any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be wrecked, foundered, or suffer auy damage on the coasts or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel. if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, until they may be exported, unless they be destined for consumption in the country. ARTICLE IX. Disposal and in- The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to heritance of per- dispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by SOaLI prope~rty. sale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like Heirs to re al cases; and if in the case of real estate the said heirs would be preestate. vented from entering into the possessioe of the inheritance, on account of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt from any other charges than those which may be imposed by the laws of the country. ARTICLE X. PI-otection to res- Both the contracting parties promise and engage formally to give ideints. their special protection to the persons and property of: the citizens of [See Article II, each other, of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to treaty of 1833, p. the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse on the same' terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ in defence of their rights such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials. ARTICLE XI. Security of con- It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of science. conscience shall be enjoyed by the citizens of both the contracting parties in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable, to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established Rights of burial. usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying grounds, or in other decent or stitable places anadl shall be pr'otct;e3d from violation or disturbance. CHEII, 1832. 107 ARTICLE XII. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and Neutral trade. of the Republic of Chili to sail with their ships, with all manner of lihberty and security, no distinction being made, who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandise before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy, before mentioned, to neutrfal places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of the one power or under several. And it is Free ships make hereby stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, and free goods. that every thing shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either, they are not to be taken out of that free ship unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemies: Provided, however, and it is hereby Limitation oftlie agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that principle. the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognize the principle; but if either of the two contracting parties should be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose Governments acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XIII. It is likewise agreed that in the case where the neutral flag of one of Neut ral property the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the on board enemy's other, by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood vessel that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree that, four months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandise of the neutral embarked in such enemy's ship shall be free. ARTICLE XIV. This liberty of commerce and navigation shall extend to all kinds of Contraband artimerchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name cles. of contraband, and under this name of contraband, or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuzees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use. 3. Cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture. 4. Ancl generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, -nd flbrmed expressly to macke war by sea or lanld. 108 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XV. All other mer- All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles chandise. of contrabandl expressly enumerated and classified as above, shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded; Def a i t i o n o f and, to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places lbloclaclde. only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a belligerent force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE:XVI. Condemnation of The articles of contraband, before enumerated and classified, which clesrband a. t i- may be found in a vessel bound for an enemny's port, shall be subject to detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great, and of so large a bulk, that they cannot be received on board the cap-turing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port, for trial and judgment according to law. ARTICLE XVII. Blockaded ports. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail. for a port or place belonging to an enemy, without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless after warning of such blockade or investment from any officer commandMig a vessel of the blockading forces she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of' either that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof; and if any vessel having thus entered the port before the blockade took place, shall take on board a cargo after the blockade be established, she shall be subject to be warned by the blockading forces, to return to the port blockaded, and discharge the said cargo; and, if after receiving the said warning, the vessel shall persist in going out with the cargo, she shall be liable to the salme consequences as a vessel attempting to enter a blockaded port after being warned off by the blockading forces. ARTICLE XVIII. Visits at sea. In order to prevent all kinds of disorder in the visiting and examination of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed, mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at the greatest distance compatible with making the visit, under the circumstances of the sea and wind, and the degree of suspicion attending the vessel to be visited, and shall send its smallest boat in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, withollult causing the least extor c(1ZILI, 1832. 109 tion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of the said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed, that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XIX. To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the Sea-letters an d papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citi- passports. zens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do agree, that, in case one of them shall be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties; they have likewise agreed that, such ships being laden, besides the sea-letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the: place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form; without which requisites said vessel may be detained, to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XX. It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to Vessels u nd er the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which convoy. sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and when they are bound to an enemy's port that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXI. It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize Prize-courts and causes, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commandant or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXII. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with L e t e rs o f another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a marque. commission or letter of marque for the purpose of assisting or cooperating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate. 110 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXIII. Privileges of resi- If, by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, dents in case of the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each war. other, they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations who may be estabiished in the territories or dominions of the United States of America, and of the Republic of Chili, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXIV. Debts, &c., not Neither the debts due from the individuals of the one nation to the to be confiscated. individuals of the other, nor shares, nor money which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or of national difference, be sequestrated or confiscated. ARTICLE XXV. Envoys, mini s- Both the contracting parties, being desirous of avoiding all inequality ters, & C. in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have agreed, and do agree, to grant to their Envoys, Ministers, and other Public Agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nation do, or shall enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of A rmerica or the Republic of Chili may find it proper to give to the Ministers and Public Agents of any other power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties.:ARTICLE XXVI. Consuls and To make more effectual the protection which the United States of Vice-Conlsuls. America and the Republic of Chili shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls. and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nations; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLE XXVII. Exequatlurs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them, by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent, in due form, to the Government to which they are accredited; and, having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such, by all the authorities, magistrates) and inhabitants, in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXVIII. Immnnitie s of It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their Secretaries, officers, and consnlar officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all plubllic service, and also from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of comLeree? or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject; being in everything besides subject to the laws of their respective States. The archives and papers of the consulate shall be respected inviolably; and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXIX. The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the Deserters from authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of de- vessels. serters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition of the registers of the vessels or ship's roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of said crews; and on this [See Article III, demand, so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) treaty of 1833, p. the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall 113.] be put at the disposal of said Consuls, and may be put in the public prison at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But if they be not sent back within two months, reckoning from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall no more be arrested for the same cause. It is understood, however, that if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal.before which the case may be depending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XXX. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consular c onnavigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon here- vention. after as circumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention, which shall declare, specially, the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXI. The United States of America and the Republic of Chili, desiring to make, as durable as circumstances will permit. the relations which are to be established between the two parties, by virtue of this treaty or general convention of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following points: Ist. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the Duration of conterm of twelve years, to be reckoned from the day of the exchange of vention. the ratifications; and, further until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at the end of said term of twelve years: and it is hereby agreed between them that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either, from the other party, this treaty in all the parts relating to commerce and navigation, shall altogether cease and determine; and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both powers. 2d. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe Infringement, of any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held persorlally convention. responsdible for the same, and the harlmony aLnd good correspondence between the nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party enga.ging in no way to protect tlhe ofifender, or sanction sucllh violation. 112 PUBLIC TREATIES. Reprisals an d 3d. If, (which, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the declara t i o n s o f articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in war. any other way whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party, considering itself offended, shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proof, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. Treaties wi t h 4. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed to ather.ationI not operate contrary to the former and existing public treaties with other Sovereigns or States. Ratifications. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Chili, with the consent and approbation of the Congress of the same; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington within nine months, to be reckoned from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if practicable. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the underwritten plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and of the Republic of Chili, have signed, by virtue of our powers, the present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, and have hereunto affixed our seals, respectively. Date. Done and concluded, in triplicate, in the city of Santiago, this sixteenth day of the month of May7 in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, and in the fifty-sixth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and the twentythird of that of the Republic of Chili. [L. S.j JNO. HIAMM. [L. s.] ANDRES BELLO. CHILI, 1833. Sept. 1,1833. AN ADDITIONAL AND EXPLANATORY CONVENTION TO THE TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, CONCLUDED IN THE CITY OF SANTIAGO ON THE 16TH DAY OF MAY, 1832, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF CHILI; CONCLUDED SEPTEMBER 1, 1833; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 24, 1834; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 26, 1834; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 29, 1834; PROCLAIMED APRIL 29, 1834. Treaty of 1832 Whereas the time stipulated in the treaty of amity, commerce, and to be carried into navigation, between the United States of America and the Republic of effect. Chili, signed at the city of Santiago on the 16th day of May, 1832, for [See pp. 104-112.] the exchange of ratifications in the city of Washington has elapsed, and it being the wish of both the contracting parties that the aforesaid treaty should be carried into effect with all the necessary solemnities, and that the necessary explanations should be mutually made to remove all subject of doubt in the sense of some of its articles, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, namely, John Hamm, a citizen of the United States of America and their Charge d'Affaires, on the part and in the name of the United States of America, and Sefior Don Andres Bello, a citizen of Chili, on the part and in the name of the Republic of Chili, having compared and exchanged their full powers, as expressed in the treaty itself, have agreed upon the following additional and explanatory articles: ARTICLE I. Stipulation of It being stipulated by the second article of the aforesaid treaty that the 2d article, the relations and conventions which now exist, or may hereafter exist, or t83ip,. 104.]t between the Republic of Chili and the Rlepublic of Bolivia, the Federa CHFLI 1833. 1113 tion of the Centre of America, the Republic of Colombia, the United States of Mexico, the Republic of Peru, or the United Provinces of the Rlio de la Plata, are not included in the prohibition of granting particular favors to other nations which may not be made common to the one or the other of the contracting powers; and these exceptions being founded upon the intimate connection and identity of feelings and interests of the new American States, which were members of the same political body under the Spanish dominions it is mutually understood that these exceptions will have all the latitude which is involved in their principle; and that they will accordingly comprehend all the new na-' tions within the ancient territory of Spanish America, whatever alterations may take place in their constitutions, names, or boundaries, so as to include the present States of Uruguay and Paraguay, which were formerly parts of the ancient Vice-Royalty of Buenos Ayres, those of New Granada, Venezuela, and Equador in the Republic of Colombia, and any other States which may in future be dismembered from those now existing. ARTICLE II. It being agreed by the tenth article of the aforesaid treaty that the Tenth article. citizens of the United States of America, personally or by their agents, [See Article X, treaty of 1832), p. shall have the right of being present at the decisions and sentences of y of 1320.] the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and at the examination of witnesses and declarations that may be taken in their trials, and as the strict enforcement of this article may be in opposition to the established forms of the present due administration of justice, it is mutually understood that the Republic of Chili is only bound by the aforesaid stipulation to maintain the most perfect equality in this respect between American and Chilian citizens, the former to enjoy all the rights and benefits of the present or future -provisions which the laws grant to the latter in their judicial tribuna ls, but no special favors or privileges. ARTICLE III. It being agreed by the twenty-ninth article of the aforesaid treaty 29th article. that deserters from the public and private vessels of either party are to [See Article be restored thereto by the respective Consuls; and whereas it is de- XXIX, treaty of dlared by the article 132 of the present constitution of Chili that "4 there 1832, p. 111.] are no slaves in Chili," and that "s slaves touching the territory of the Republic are free," it is likewise mutually understood that the aforesaid stipulation shall not comprehend slaves serving unuder any denomination on board the public or private ships of the United States of America. ARTICLE IV. It is further agreed, that the ratifications of the aforesaid treaty of Ratifications. peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, and of the present additional and explanatory convention, shall be exchanged in the city of Washington within the term of eight months, to be counted from the date of the present convention. This additional and explanatory convention, upon its being duly rati- Effect of convenfled by the President of the United States of America, by and with the tion. advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Chili, with the consent and approbation of the Congress of the same, and the respective ratifications mutually exchanged, shall be added to, and make a part of, the treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation between the'United States of America and the. Republic of Chili, signed on the said 16 h day of Way, 1832, having the same force and effect as if it had been inserted word for word in the aforesaid treaty. In faith whereof we, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries of the United Signatures. States of America and the lRepublic of Chili, have signed, by virtue of R S I —--— d8 114 PUBLIC TREATIES. our powers, the aforesaid additional and explanatory convention, and have caused to be affixed our hands and seals, respectively. Date. Done in the city of Santiago this first day of September, 1833, and in the 5Sth syear of the Independence of the United States of America, and the 24th of the Republic of Chili. [L. S.] JlNO. HAMM. [LL S.] ANDRES BELLO. CHILI, 1858. Nov. 10,1858. CONVENTION WITH CHILI FOR THE ARBITRATION OF THE MACEDONIAN CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT SANTIAGO, NOVEMBER 10, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 8, 1859; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUTGUST 4, 1859; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT SANTIAGO OCTOBER 15, 1859; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 22, 1859. Convention between the United States of America and the Republic of Chili. Preamble. The Government of the United States of America gnd the Government of the Republic of Chili, desiring to settle amicably the claim made by the former upon the latter for certain citizens of the United States of America, who claim to be the rightful owners of the silver, in coin and in bars, forcibly taken from the possession of Capt. Eliphalet Smith, a citizen of the United States of America, in the valley of Sitana, in the territory of the former Vice-Royalty of Peru, in the year 1821, by order of Lord Cochrane, at the time Vice-Admiral of the Chillan Nsquadron, have agreed, the former to name John Bigler, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, and the latter Don Geronimo Urmeneta, Minister of State in the Department of the Interior and of Foreign Relations, in the name and in behalf of their respective Governments, to examine said claim and to agree upon terms of arrangement just and honorable to both Governments. Submissi o n o f The aforesaid Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powclaims to arbitra- ers, and found them in due and good form, sincerely desiring to preserve tion of King of intact and strengthen the friendly relations which happily exist between Belgium. their respective Governments, and to remove all cause of difference which might weaken or change them, have agreed, in the name of the Government which each represents, to submit to the arbitration of His Majesty the King of Belgium, the pending question between them, respecting the legality or illegality of the above referred to capture of silver in coin and in bars, made on the ninth day of May, 1821, by order of Lord Cochrane, Vice-Admiral of the Chilian squadron, in the valley of Sitana, in the territory of the former Vice-Royalty of Peru, the proceeds of sales of merchandise imported into that country in the brig Macedonian, belonging to the merchant marine of the United,States of America. Therefore the above-named Ministers agree to name His Majesty the.King of Belgium as arbiter, to decide with full powers and proceedings ex mquo et bono, on the following points: Points for arbiter First. Is, or is not, the claim which the Government of the United to decide. States of America makes upon that of Chili, on account of the capture of the silver mentioned in the preamble of this convention, just in whole or in part 7 Second. If it be just in whole or in part, what amount is the Government of Chili to allow and pay to the Government of the United States of America, as indemnity for the capture? Third. Is the Government of Chili, in addition to the capital, to allow interest thereon; and, if so, at what rate and from what dalte is interest to be paild. CHILI, 1858. 115 The contracting parties further agree that his Majesty the King of Proof u po0 Belgium shall decide the foregoing questions upon the correspondence which arbiter is to which has passed between the representatives of the two Governments at Washington and at Santiago, and the documents and other proofs produced during the controversy on the subject of this capture, and upon a memorial or argument thereon to be presented by each. Each party to furnish the arbiter with a copy of the correspondence and documents above referred to, or so much thereof as it desires to present, as well as with its said memorial, within one year at furthest from the date at which they may respectively be notified of the accept-A ance of the arbiter. Each party to furnish the other with a list of the papers to be presented by it to the arbiter, three months in advance of such presentation. And if either party fail to present a copy of such papers, or its memorial, to the arbiter, within the year aforesaid, the arbiter may make his decision upon what shall have been submitted to him within that time. The contracting parties further agree that the exception of prescription, raised in the course of the controversy, and which has been a subject of discussion between their respective Governments, shall not be considered by the arbiter in his decision, since they agree to withdraw it and exclude it from the present question. Each of the Governments represented by the contracting parties is authorized to ask and obtain the acceptance of the arbiter; and both Decision to be promise and bind themselves in the most solemn manner to acquiesce final. in and comply with his decision, nor at any time thereafter to raise any question, directly or indirectly, connected with the subject-matter of this arbitration. This convention to be ratified by the Governments of the respective Ratifications. contracting parties, and the ratifications to be exchanged within twelve months from this date, or sooner, if possible, in the city of Santiago. in testimony whereof the contracting parties have signed and sealed Signatures; this agreement in duplicate, in the English and Spanish languages, in Santiago, the tenth day of the month of November, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight. [L. S.] JOHN BIGLER, Envoy Extraordinary and linister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America. [L. S.] GGERONIMO URMEENETA, Plenipotencia-rio ad hoc. 116 PUBLIC TREATIES. CHINA. CHINA, 1844. July 3, 1844. TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE TA TSING EMPIRE, CONCLUDED AT WANG HIYA JULY 3, 1844; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY i6, 1845; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 17, 1845; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PWAN TWVANG DECEMBER 31, 1845; PROCLAIMED APRIL 18, 1846. [Treaty of 1858 substituted for this treaty so far as the provisions relate to identical subjects. ] Contracting par- The United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire, desiring to ties. establish firm, lasting, and sincere friendship between the two nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear and positive, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, amrity and commerce, the rules which shall in future be mutually observ-,'d in the intercourse of their respective countries: Negotiators. For which most desirable object the President of the -United States has conferred full powers on their Commissioner, Caleb Cushing, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to China; and the August Sovereign of the Ta Tsing Empire on his Minister and Commissioner Extraordinary Tsiyeng, of the Imperial HIouse, a Vice Guardian of the Heir Apparent, Governor General of the Two Kwang, and Superintendent General of the trade and foreign intercourse of the five ports. And the said Commissioners, after hlaving exchanged their said full powers, and duly considered the premises, have agreed to the fQllowing articles: AI%.TICLE I. Peace and amity. There shall be a perfect, permanent, and universal peace, and a sincere and cordial amity, between the United States of America on the one part, and the Ta Tsing Empire on the other part, and between their people respectively, without exception of persons or places. ARlTICLE HI. Duties on im- Citizens of the United States resorting to China for the purposes of ports and exports. commerce will pay the duties of import and export prescribed in the tariff, which is fixed by and made a part of this treaty. They shall, in [Seepp. 124-128.] no case, be subject to other or higher duties than are or shall be required of the people of any other nation whatever. Fees and'charges of every sort are wholly abolished, and officers of the revenue, who may be guilty of exaction, shall be punished according to the laws of China. If the Chinese Government desire to modify, in any respect,. the said tariff, such modification shall be made only in consultation wvith Consuls or other tanctionaries thereto duly authorized in behalf of the United States, and with consent thereof. And if additional advantages or privileges, of whatever description, be conceded hereafter by China to arny other nation, the United States, and the citizens thereof, shall be entitled thereupon to a complete, equal, and impartial partieiIpation in the same. ARTICLE lII. The citizens of the United States are permitted to frequent the five pen pots ports of Kwang-chow, Amoy, Fuehow, Ningpo, and Shanghai, and to resiede with -their ftrmilies atd tridle there, arnd to proceed at pleasure (CI[NA, 1.844. 11 7 with their vessels and merchandise to and from any foreign port and either of the said five ports, and from either of the said five ports to any other of them. But said vessels shall not unlawfully enter the other Coasting trade. portS of China, nor carry on a clandestine and fraudulent trade along the~ coasts thereof And any vessel belonging to a citizen of the United States w'Thich violates this provision shall, with her cargo, be subject to confiscation to the Chinese Government. ARTICLE IV. For the superintendence and regulation of the concerns of the citizens Consular officbrs. of the United States doing business at the said five ports, the Government of the United States may appoint Consuls or other officers at the same, who shall be duly recognized as such by the officers of the Chinese Government, and shall hold official intercourse and correspondence with the latter, either personal or in writing, as occasions may require, on terms of equality and reciprocal respect. If disrespectfully treated or aggrieved in any way by the local authorities, said officers on the one hand shall have the right to make representation of the same to the superior officers of the Chinese Government, who will see that full inquiry and strict justice be had in the premises; and, on the other hand, the said Consuls will carefully avoid all acts of unnecessary offence to, or collision with, the officers and people of China. ARTICLE V. At each of the said five ports, citizens of the United States lawfully Commerce. engaged in commerce shall be permitted to import from their own or any other ports into China, and sell there, and purchase therein, and export to their own or any other ports, all manner of merchandise, of which the importation or exportation is not prohibited by this treaty, paying the duties which are prescribed by the tariff hereinbefore established, and no other charges whatsoever. ARTICLE VI. Whenever any merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall Tonnage dnties. enter either of the said five ports for trade, her papers shall be lodged with the Consul, or person charged with affairs, who will report the same to the commissioner of customs; and tonnage duty shall be paid on said vessel at the rate of five mace per ton, if she be over one hundred and fifty tons burden; and one mace per ton if she be of the burden of one hundred and fifty tons or under, according to the amount of her tonnage as specified in the register; said payment to be in full of the former charges of measurement and other fees, which are wholly abolished. And if any vessel, which having- anchored at one of the said ports, and there paid tonnage duty, shall have occasion to go to any others of the said ports to complete the disposal of her cargo, the Consul, or person charged with affairs, will report the same to the commissioner of customs, who, on the departure of the said vessel, will note in the port-clearance that the tonnage duties have been paid, and report the same to the other custom-houses; in which case on entering another port the said vessel will only pay duty there on her cargo, but shall not be subject to the payment of tonnage duty a second time. ARTbJICLE V[Li No tonnage duty shall be required on boats belonging to citizen-, of Cargo boats. the United States, ermployed in the conveyance of passenagers, b aggage, letters, and articles of provision, car others not subject to duty, to or from any of the five ports. All cargo boats, however, conveying merchlandise subject to duty; shall pay the regular tonnuage duty of one mace 118 PU7BIC TREATIES. per ton, provided they belong to citizens of the United States, but not if hired by them from subjects of China. ARTICLE VIII. Employment of Citizens of the United States, for their vessels bound in, shall be pilots, servants, allowed to engage pilots, who will report said vessels at the passes, and take them into port; and, when the lawful duties have all been paid, they may engage pilots to leave port. It shall also be lawful for them to hire, at pleasure, servants, compradors, linguists, and writers, and passage or cargo boats, and to employ laborers, seamen, and persons for whatever necessary service, for a reasonable compensation, to be agreed on by the parties, or settled by application to the Consular Officer of their Government, without interference on the part of the local officers of the Chinese Government. ARTICLE IX. Custom - h o use Whenever merchant vessels belonging to the United States shall officers. have entered port, the superintendent of customs will, if he see fit, appoint custom-house officers to guard said vessels, who may live on board the ship or their own boats, at their convenience; but provision for the subsistence of said officers shall be made by the superintendent of customs, and they shall not be entitled to any allowance from the vessel or owner thereof; and they shall be subject to a suitable punishment for anry exaction practiced by them in violation of this regulation. ARTICLE X. Vessels of the Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall United States ar- cast anchor in either of said ports the supercargo, master, or consignee, riving in China, will, within forty-eight hours, deposit the ship's papers in the hands of the Consul or person charged with the affairs of the United States, who will cause to be communicated to the superintendent of customs a true report of the name and tonnage of such vessel, the names of her men, and of the cargo on board; which being done, the superintendent will give a permit for the discharge of her cargo. And the master, supercargo, or consignee, if he proceed to discharge the cargo without such permit, shall incur a fine of five hundred dollars; and the goods so discharged without permit shall be subject to forfeiture to the Chinese Government. But if the master of any vessel in port desire to discharge a part only of the cargo, it shall be lawful for him to do so, paying duties on such part only, and to proceed with the remainder to any other ports. Or, if the master so desire, he may, within forty-eight hours after the arrival of the vessel, but not later, decide to depart without breaking bulk; in which case he will not be subject to pay tonnage or other duties or charges, until, on his arrival at another port, he shall proceed to discharge cargo, when he will pay the duties on vessel and cargo, according to law. And the tonnage duties shall be held to be due after the expiration of said forty-eight hours. ARTICLE XI. Ascertainment of The superintendent of customs, in order to the collection of the proper duties. duties, will, on application made to him through the Consul, appoint suitable officers, who shall proceed, in the presence of the captain, supercargo, or consignee, to make a just and fair examination of all goods in the act of being discharged for importation, or laden for exportation on board any merchant vessel of the United States. And if dispute occur in regard to o the value of goods;ubsjeet to an ad vtlor en dl-lty, or ill re gard to the lamountll of tare, and the saamre annot be satisfactorily ar CHINA, 1844. 119 ranged by the parties, the question may, within twenty-four hours, and not afterwlards, be referred to the said Consul to adjust with the superintendent of customs. ARTICLE XII. Sets of standard balances, and also weights and measures, duly pre- Standards of pared, stamped, and sealed, according to the standard of the custom- weights and measures. house at Canton, shall be delivered by the superintendents of customs to the Consuls at each of the five ports, to secure uniformity, and prevent confusion in measures and weights of merchandise. ARTICLE XII. The tonnage duty on vessels belonging to citizens of the United States Payment of tonshall be paid on their being admitted to entry. Duties of import shall n age and other be paid on the discharge of the goods, and duties of export on the lading duties of the same. When all such duties shall have been paid; and not before, the superintendent of customs shall give a port-clearance, and the Consul shall return the ship's papers, so that she may depart on her voyage. The duties shall be paid to the shroffs authorized by the Chinese Government to receive the same in its behalf. Duties payable by merchants ot the United States shall be received either in sycee silver or in foreign money, at the rate of exchange as ascertained by the regulations now in force. Andd imported goods, on their resale or transit in any part of the empire, shall be subject to the imposition of no other duty than they are accustomed to pay at the date of this treaty. ARTICLE XIV. No goods on board of any merchant vessel of the United States in Transhipment of port are to be transhipped to another vessel, unless there be particular goods. occasion therefor; in which case, the occasion shall be certified by the Consul to the superintendent of customs, who may appoint officers to examine into the facts, and permit the transhipment. And if any goods be transhipped without such application, inquirr, and permit, they shall be subject to be forfeited to the Chinese Government. ARTICLE XV. The former limitation of the trade of foreign nations to certain per- Liberty of trade. sons appointed at Canton by the Government, and commonly called hong merchants, having been abolished, citizens of the United States engaged in the purchase or sale of goods of import or export, are admitted to trade with any and all subjects of China without distinction; they shall not be subject to any new limitations, nor impeded in their business by monopolies or other injurious restrictions. ARTICLE XVI. The Chinese Government will not hold itself responsible for any debts Collection of which may happen to be due from subjects of China to the citizens of debts. the United States, or for frauds committed by them; but citizens of the United States may seek redress in law; and on suitable representation being made to the Chinese local authorities through the Conmsul, they will cause due examination in the premises, and take all. proper steps to compel satisfaction. But in case the debtor be dead, or without property, or have a,bscondedl, the creditor cannot be indemnified' according to the old system of the co-hong, so called. AndVl if cit izens of the, United States be indebted to subjects of China, the latter may seekl redress ill the same way through the Consul, Lbut without any responsibility for tihe ldebt on the part of the UnVitedl 8tates. 120 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XVII. Privileges of eiti- Citizens of the United States residing or sojourning at any of the Y;es of the United ports open to foreign commerce shall enjoy all proper accommodation in portes at the. obtaining houses and places of business, or in hiring sites from the inhabitants on which to construct houses and places of business and also hospitals, churches, and cemeteries. The local authorities of the two Govern-ments shall select in concert the sites for the ioregoing objects, having due regard to the feelings of the people in the location thereof; and the parties interested will fix the rent by mutual agreement, the proprietors on the one hand not demanding any exorbitant price, nor the merchants on the other unreasonably insisting on particular spots, but each conducting with justice and moderation. And any desecration of said cemeteries by subjects of China shall be severely punished according to law. At.. the places of anchorage of the vessels of the United States, the citizens of the United States, merchants, seamen, or others sojourning there, many pass and repass in the immediate neighborhood; but they shall not at their pleasure make excursions into the country among the villages at large, nor shall they repair to public marts for the purpose of disposing of goods unlsawfully and in fraud of the revenue. And, in order to the preservation of the public peace, the local officers of the Government at each of the five ports shall, in concert with the Consuls, define the limits beyond which it sbhill not be lawful for citizens of the United States to go. ARTICLE XVIII. It shall be lawful for the officers or citizens of the United States to Teachers, &c. employ scholars and people of any part of China, without distinction of persons, to- teach any of the languages of the empire, and to assist in literary labors; and the persons so employed shall not, for that cause, be subject to any injury on the part either of the Government or of individuals; and it shall in like manner be lawiful for citizens of the United Stats to purchase all manner of books in China. ARTICLE XIXo All citizens of the United States in China, peaceably attending to Protection to cit- their affairs, being placed on a common footing of amity and good will zens of United with subjects of China, shall receive and enjoy, for themselves and States. everything appertaining to them, the special protection of the local authorities of Government, who shall defend them from all insult or injury of any sort on the part of the Chinese. If their dwellings or property be threatened or attacked by mobs, incendiaries, or other violent or lawless persons, the local officers, on requisition of the Consul, will immediately despatch a military force to disperse the rioters, and will apprehend the guilty individuals, and punish them with the utnmost rigor of the law. ARTICLE XX. Rc-exportation of Citizens of the United States who may have imported merchandise merchandise. into any of the free ports of China, and paid the duty thereon, if they desire to re-export the same, in part or in whole, to any other of the said ports, shall be entitled to make application, through their Consul, to the superintendent of customs, who, in order to prevent frauds on the revenue, shall cause examination t,o be made by suitable offieers to see that t he dutio paid on such goods, as entered on the custom-house books, correspend with the represeltation m j,ad and thIt the goods remain with their original mnarks unehanged, and shall then make a IlneloraLndilm in the port-elea rance of the goods, and the a mount o'fE lduitaes p3aic. i t:he sanie, aenttd deliver thle samell to, the mSeC'hntti eteh';a' CHINA, 1844. 121 shall also certify the facts to the officers of customs of the other ports. All which being done, on the arrival in port of the vessel in which the goods are laden, and everything being found on examination there to correspond, she shall be permitted to break bulk and land the said goods, without being subject to the payment of any additional duty thereon. But if on such examination the superintendent of customs shall detect any fraud on the revenue in the case, then the goods shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese Government. ARTICLE XXI. Subjects of China who may be guilty of any criminal act toward citi- Punisulment for zens of the United States shall be arrested and punished by the Chinese crime. authorities according to the laws of China; and citizens of the United States who may commit any crime in China shall be subject to be tried and punished only by the Consul, or other public functionary of the United States, thereto authorized, according to the laws of the United States. And in order to the prevention of all controversy and disaffection, justice shall be equitably and impartially administered on both sides. ARTICLE XXII. Relations of peace and amity between the United States and China b)e- In case of war ing established by this treaty, and the vessels of the United States being between China and admitted to trade freely to and from the five ports of China open to for- other powers. eign commerce, it is further agreed that in case, at any time hereafter, China should be at war with any foreign nation whatever, and for that cause should exclude such nation from entering her ports, still the vessels of the United States shall not the less continue to pursue their coinmerce in freedom and security, and to transport goods to and from the ports of the belligerent parties, full respect being paid to the neutrality of the fag of the United States: Provided that the said flag shall not protect vessels engaged in the transportation of officers or soldiers in the enemy's service; nor shall said flag be fraudulently used to enable the enemy's ships with their cargoes to enter the ports of China; but all such vessels so offending shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese Government. ARTICLLE XXIII. The Consuls of the United States, at each of the five ports open to Consular reports. foreign trade, shall make annually to the respective Governors-General thereof a detailed report of the number of vessels belonging to the United States which have entered and left said ports during the year, and of the amount and value of goods imported or exported in said vessels, for transmission to and inspection of the board of revenue. ARTICLE XXIV. If citizens of the United States have special occasion to address any Official commlucommunication to the Chinese local officers of Government, they shall nicaions. submit the same to their Consul, or other officer, to determine if the language be proper and respectful, and the matter just and right; in which event he shall transmit the same to the appropriate authorities for their consideration and action in the premises. In like manner, if subjects of China have special occasion to address the Consul of the United States, they shall submit the communication to the local authorities of their onwn Government, to determine if the language' be respectful andm] iroper, and the matter just and right; in which case the said authorities will transmit the same to the Consut, or other ocffier, for his considclration.anlld actioll ill thlle premises. Atd if conlltrov'erites arise betlween 122 PUBLIC TREATI ES. Controversies be- citizens of the United States and subjects of China, which cannot be twenE citizens of amicably settled otherwise, the same shall be examined and decided Un ited States and subjects of China. conformably to justice and equity by the public officers of the two nations acting in conjunction. ARTICLE XXV. Re gul a tion of All questions in regard to rights, whether of property or person, arisother questions inlg between citizens of the United States in China, shall be subject to tehe jurisdiction, and regulated by the authorities of their own Government. And all controversies occurring in China between citizens of the United States and the subjects of any other Government shall be regulated by the treaties existing between the United States and such Governments, respectively, without interference on the part of China. ARTICLE XXVI. Merchant v os- Merchant vessels of the United States lying in the waters of the five s 1 s o f United ports of China open to foreign commerce will be under the jurisdiction States in the five torts. of the officers of their own Government; who, with the masters and owners thereof, will manage the same without control on the part of China. For injuries done to the citizens or the commerce of the United States by any foreign power, the Chinese Government will not hold itself Robbers, pirates, bound to make reparation. But if the merchant vessels of the United &c. States, while within the waters over which the Chinese Government exercises jurisdiction, be plundered by robbers or pirates, then the Chinese local authorities, civil and military, on receiving information thereof, will arrest the said robbers or pirates, and punish them according to law, and will cause all the property which can be recovered, to be placed in the hands of the nearest Consul, or other officer of the United States, to be by him restored to the true owner. But if, by reason of the extent of territory and numerous population of China, it should, in any case, happen that the robbers cannot be apprehended, or the property only in part recovered, then the law will take its course in regard to the local authorities, but the Chinese Government will not make indemnity for the goods lost. ARTICLE XXV][I. Shipwrecks. If any vessel of the United States shall be wrecked or stranded- on the coast of China, and be subjected to plunder or other damage, the proper officers of Government, on receiving information of the fahct, will immediately adopt measures for their relief and security; and the persons on board shall receive friendly treatment, and be enabled at once to repair to the most convenient of the free ports, and shall enjoy all facilities for obtaining supplies of provisions and water. And If a vesVessels forced in- sel shall be forced, in whatever way, to take refuge in any port other to any other than than one of the free ports, then in like manner the persons on board one of the five ports.e shall receive friendly treatment, and the means of safety and security. AIRTICLE XXVIII. No embargo or Citizens of the United States, their vessels and property, slh- 1 not be detention. subject to any embargo; nor shall they be seized or forcibly detained for any pretence of the public service but they shall be suffered to prosecute their commerce in quiet, and without molestation or embarrassment. ARTICLE X XIX, Mutineers al n d The local authorities of the Chinese Governm@ ent will cau:se to be apdeserters. Iprehended a1 ll utineers or deserters from on board thte vessels of the JUnitedl States in China.ll and wl till deliver them l;p to the Conulu,! s or other CHINA, 1844. 123 officers for punishment. And if criminals, subjects of China, take refuge in the houses or on board the vessels of citizens of the United Chinese c ri m iStates, they shall not be harbored or concealed, but shall be delivered nals. up to justice, on due requisition by the Chinese local officers addressed to those of the United States. The merchants, seamen, and other citizens of the United States shall Merchants,. &c., be under the superintendence of the appropriate officers of their Gov- of United States. ernment. If individuals of either nation commit acts of violence and disorder, use arms to the injury of others, or create disturbances endangering life, the officers of the two Governments will exert themselves to enforce order, and to maintain the public peace, by doing impartial justice in the premises. ARTICLE XXX. The superior authorities of the United States and of China in corre- Corresponden c e sponding together shall do so in terms of equality and in the form of between the two mutual communication, (chau -hwui.) The Consuls and the local officers, Governments. civil and military, in corresponding together shall likewise employ the style and form of mutual communication, (chactu-hwui.) When inferior officers of the one Gcvernment address superior officers of the other, they shall do so in the style and form of memorial, (chin-chin.) Private individuals in addressing superior officers shall employ the style of petition, (pin-ching.) In no case shall any terms or style be suffered which shall be offensive or disrespectful to either party. And it is Presents not to agreed that no presents, under any pretext or form whatever, shall ever be demanded of the United States by China, or of China by the United States. ARTICLE XXXI. Communications fronm the Government of the United States to the Transmission of Court of China shall be transmitted through the medium of the Imperial comm(unications. Commissioner charged with the superintendence of the concerns of foreign nations with China, or through the Governor-General of the Liang Kwang, that of Min and Cheh, or that of the Liang Kiang. ARTICLE XXXII. Whenever ships of war of the United States in cruising for the pro- Intercourse with tection of the commerce of their country shall arrive at any of the ports ships of war. of China7 the commanders of said ships and the superior local authorities of Government shall hold intercourse together in terms of equality and courtesy in token of the friendly relations of their respective nations. And the said ships of war shall enjoy all suitable facilities on the part of the Chinese Government in the purchase of provisions, procuring water, and making repairs if occasion require. ARTICLE XXXIII. Citizens of the United States who shall attempt to trade clandestilnely C an destine with such of the ports of China as are not open to foreign commerce, or trade. who shall trade in opium or any other contraband article of merchandise, shall be subject to be dealt with by the Chinese Government without being entitled to any countenance or protection from that of the United States; and the United States will take measures to prevent their flag from being abused by the subjects of other nations as a cover for the violation of the laws of the Empire. A TI.CLE EXXIV. When the present convention shall have been definitely concluded, it Futuro treaties. shall be obligatory on both powers, lnid its 1provisions shatll lnot be 124 PUB LIC TREATIES. altered without grave cause; but inasmuch as the circumstances of the several ports of China open to foreign commerce are different, experience may show that inconsiderable modifications are requisite in those parts which relate to commerce and navigation; in which case the two Gov. ernments will, at the expiration of twelve years from the date of said convention, treat amicably concerning the same, by the means of suitable persons appointed to conduct such negotiation. b s e rvance of And when ratified this treaty shall be faithf'ully observed in all its this treaty. parts by the United States and China and by every citizen and subject of each. And no individual State of the United States can appoint or send a minister to China to call in question the provisions of the same. Ratification. The present treaty of peace, amity, and commerce, shall be ratified and approved by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the August Sovereign of the Ta Tsing Empire, and the ratifications shall be exchanged within eighteen months from the date of the signature thereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and of the Ta Tsing Empire as aforesaid, have signed and sealed these presents. Date. Done at Wang Hiya, this third day of July, in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, and of Taoukwang the twenty-fourth year, fifth month, and eighteenth day. TSIEIENG, (in Manchu.) [L. s.] C. CUSHING. [L. s.] Tariff of duties. The tariff of duties to be levied on imported and exported merchandise at the Jive ports. The duties which it is agreed shall be paid upon goods imported and exported by tlhe United States, at the custom-houses of Canton, Amoy, Fuchow,, 1Ningpo, and Shanghai, are as follows, the articles being arranged in classes, viz: Exports. EXPORTS. Class 1. CLASS 1. —Alum, oils, Jc. *T. 1M. C. Alum, i. e., white alum, formerly white alum and bluestone, per 100 catties.- 0 1 0 Anise-seed oil, not formerly contained in the tariff, per 100 catties.-....... 5 0 0 Cassia oil, not formerly contained in the tariff, per 100 catties. -............ 5 0 0 Class 2. CLASS 2.-Tea, spices, &c. Tea, formerly divided into fine and native black, and fine and native green teas, I)er 100 catties.-.-, 0 —-.. —-.. —. -- -—.. 0 s 2 5 0 Anise-seed star, per 100 catties... —-... —-........... n -....... 0 5 0 Musk, each catty -.... —........................................ 0 5 0 Class 3. CLAss 3.-Drugs. Capoor cutchery, per 100 catties. —--.............................-....... 0:3 0 Camphor, per 100 catties- o-. 1 5 0 Arsenic, under different Chinese names, per 100 catties.................... 0 7 5 Cassia, per 100 catties.................... 0 7 5 Cassia buds, not formerly contained in the tariff, per 100 catties.-. 1 0 0 China root, per 100 caltfies ----—. - - - --- - - 0 2 0 Cubobs, not formerly in tariff, per 100 catties.-...... _._ 1 5 0 xGaIlingal, per 100 catties -. —. —.-.-.-... —- - — o. —-. —----- ------- 0 1 0 H:artall, per 100 catties........ 00 Rihulbarh, per 100 cattics -- 1 0 0 Turmeric, per 100 catties.. —..-. - -.. 0 2 0' rTaes Ia, all ce alnt ellandr eemls. CIHNA, 1844. 125 CLASS 4.-Sunwries. Class 4.,T. M. C. Bangles, not formerly in the tariff, per 100 catties-....,..,,. 0 5 0 Bamboo screens and bamboo ware, per 100 catties..-..... —- -—.. ——.. 0 2 0 Corals, native or ialse corals, not formerly in the tariff, per 100 catties —... 0 5 0 Crackers, and fire-works formerly classed as rockets, per 100 catties -.. ---- 0 7 5 Fans, (feather fans, &c.,) not formerly in the tariff, per 100 catties- -....- 1 00 Glass, glass ware of all kinds, formerly classed as native crystal ware, per 100 catties. —.. — -.O..... —O. -—.... — — D. 0. D — _ O.- -- -....... 0 5 0 Glass beads, or false pearls, per 100 catties........................ -. - 0 5 0 K-ittisols, or paper umbrellas, per 100 catties-.-..... —... —-. — -- ---—.0 5 0 Marble, marble slabs, not formerly in the tariff, per 100 catties............. 0 2 0 Rice-paper pictures, per 100 catties.......-........................... 0 1 0 Paper fans, per 100 catties.-. —.. —. —--------------- - --.- -- —.-. —.. 0 5 0 Pearls, (false,) not formerly in the tariff, per 100 catties -........... —........ 0 5 0 CLAss 5.-Painters' stores, 4-c. Class 5. Brass leaf, per 100 catties............................................. 1 5 0 Gamboge, per 100 catties ----- ---- —.-. ---- —..__O — _ ----- —. - -O.___D 2 0 0 Red lead, per 100 catties - -...............................................- - 0 5 0 Glue, as fish glue, cowhide glue, &c., per 100 catties -.. -..-.... - 0 5 0 Paper, stationery, per 100 catties. —--. ——.....- - —.. —. —-.-... -- -.- - 0 5 0 Tin foil, per 100 catties... - -.- —.. _....... O O.-.. -.O- -_.. 0 5 0 VYemilion, per 100 catties - —........0 O...... s ------ D —-— 0 —-- 3 0 0 Paintings, (large paintings,) formerly divided into large and small pa-intings, each.........................- -------- 0 1 0 White lead, per 100 catties............................................. 0 2 5 CLAss 6. —Wares of various kinds.. Class G. Bone and horn ware, per 100 catties.... -.... o w,.... 1 0 0 China ware, fine and coarse, formerly classed as fine, native, coarse, and middling, per 100 catties...................................... 0 5 0 Copper ware and pewter ware, per 100 catties- -..o. - o o - 0 5 0 Manufactures of wood, furniture, &c., per 100 catties............ 0 2 0 Ivory ware, all carved ivory work included, formerly divided into ivory and ivory carvings, per 100 cattieso.-.., - -........-..... 5 0 0 Lacquered ware, per 100 catties................................-........ 1 0 Mother-of-pearl ware, per 100 catties...... -. 1 0 0 Rattan ware, rattan and bamboo work, per 100 catties.................... 0 2 0 Sandal-wood ware, per 100 catties ------- ------ -- - - 1 0 0 Gold and silver ware, formerly divided into gold ware and silver ware, per 100 catties................................-.. -_..o...... ---— 10 0 0 Tortoise-shell ware, per 100 catties -. -.... —--.- -.......... 10 0 0 Leather trunks and boxes, per 100 catties -.-... — - - ---—.... 0 2 0 CLAss 7.-Cancs, (-c. Class 7. Canes, or walking sticks of all kinds, per 1,000 pieces -.. -....0 5 0 CLASS 8.-A rticles of clothing. Class 8. Wearing apparel, whether of cotton, woollen, or silk, formerly divided into cotton clothing, woollen clothing, silk and satin clothing, and velvet, per 100 catties -.-...-.....................- -. —-----..... — - ----- ---- 0 5 0 Boots and shoes, whether of leather, satin, or otherwise, per 100 catties.... 0 2 0 CLAss 9. —Fabrics of heni,,c. Class 9. Grass-cloth, and all cloths of hemp or linen, per 100 catties..-... 1 0 0 Nankeen, and all cloths of cotton, formerly not in the tariff, per 100 catties.- 1 0 0 CLASS 10.-Silk7 fabrics of silk, 4-c. Class 10 Raw silk of any province, per 100 catties...-...... -.......! 0 0 Coarse or refuse silk, per 100 catties..................................... 2 0 0 Organzine of all kinds, per 100 catties.. 10 0 0 Silk ribbon and thread, per 100 catties. —------- ---—.- —............ to 10 0 0 Silk ald satin fabrics of all kinds, as crape, lutestring, &c., &c., formerly classed as silks and satins, per 100 catties-.-1.....2....... 1 0 0 *Tacels, mace, and candarecns. 126 PUBLIC TREATIES. *T. M. C. Silk and cotton mixed fabrics, per 100 catties.-.-. or....... 3 0 0 Heretofore a filrther charge per piece has been levied; the whole duty is now to be paid in one sum, and the further charge is abolished. Class 11. CLASS 1. —Carpeting, matting, fc. Mats of all kinds, as of straw, rattan, bamboo, &ec., per 100 catties.......... 0 2 0 Class 12. CLASS 12.-Preserves, -c. Preserved ginger and fruits of all kinds, per 100 catties.- —.. —------—... 0 5 0 Soy, per 100 catties..-.-.-............- - - - -.... 0 4 0 Sugar, white and brown, per 100 catties. -... —- -.-... —-----—. ——.-. 0 2 5 Sugar candy, all kinds, per 100 catties —-.... —-. —-.. ——... —-------- 0 3 5 Tobacco, prepared and unprepared, &c., of all kinds, per 100 catties....... 0 2 0 Class 13. CLASS 13.- Unenumnerated articles. All articles which it has not been practicable to enumerate herein specifically are to be charged a duty of five per cent. ad valorem. Class 14. CLASS 14. Gold and silver coin, and gold and silver, duty free. Class 15. CLAss 15. Bricks, tiles, and building materials, duty free. Imports. IMPORTS. Class 1. CLASS 1.-~Wax, saltpetre, c. Wax, foreign, as beeswax, also called tile wax, per 100 catties............. 0 0 Oil-of-rose mallows, per 100 catties....................................... 1 0 0 Saltpetre, foreign, per 100 catties —..-.. —.............................. 0 3 0 This article is only allowed to be sold to the Government merchants; formerly this regulation did not exist. Soaps, foreigln, as perfumed soap, per 100 catties......- o............ 0... 0 5 0 Class 2. CLASS 2.-Spices andpeefumes. Gum benzoin and oil of benzoin, per 100 catties......- -. - -... 1 00 Sandal wood, per 100 catties.... --—..- -.. —------ - ----------- 0 5 0 Pepper, black, per 100 catties............................................ 0 4 0 All other articles of this class not specifically mentioned herein, to pay a duty of ten per cent. ad valorem. Perfumery, fivoe per cent. ad valorem. Class 3. - CLASS 3.-Drugs. Asafoetida, per 100 catties............................................... 0 Camphor, superior quality, i. e., pure, formerly classed as good and inferior, per catty ---.....O. -.- O..O. -- o -----—. —.0 -.....o.... O-....... 1 0 0 Camphor, inferior quality or refuse, formerly uncleaned camphor, per catty - 0 5 0 Cloves, superior quality, picked, per 100 catties. ---.......................... 1 5 0 Cloves, inferior quality, (mother cloves,) per 100 catties. oO-.. s....... - 0 5 0 Cow bezcar, per catty..-.-... —.-. ——... O.O. — -.O.... —- --- I. 1 00 Cutcb, per 100 catties.................................................... 0 3 0 Gamnbier, per 100 catties................................................. 0 1 5 Areca nut, per 100 catties..- -......... -........ —. — -. —... --—.,- 0 1 5 Ginseng, foreign, superior quality, &c., per 100 catties..-... 38 0 0 Ginseng, inferior quality, &c., per 100 catties - O —-- ---------- -D —. 3 5 0 Of every hundred catties of foreign ginseng of whatever sort, one-fifth part is to be considered as of superior quality, and four-fifths of inferior. Gum olibanum, per 100 catties..- - -- —. - ------- ----....-... e o 0 5 0 Myrrh, per 100 catties....... -..... - -—.... -. -........... 0 5 0 Mace, or flower of nutmeg, per 100 catties................................ 1 0 0 Quicksilver, per 100 catties --- ---- ---- —..-. —.. —--..- -.. ——. —----- 3 0 0 Nutmegs, first quality, per 100 catties.................................... 2 0 0 Nutmegs, secondl quality, or coarse, per 100 catties........................ - 0 0 Putchuk, per 100 catties.-... -.. - -.. -................ 0 7 5 Rhinoceros horns, per 100 catties...........................................-,- 3 0 0 * Tael:s, mace, and candareens. CHINA, 1844. 127 CLASS 4-Sundries. Class 4. *T. M. C. Flints, per 100 catties -—.- —.......... 0 0 5 Mother of pearl shells, per 100 catties 0 2 0 CLASS 5.-Dried meats, 4c. Class 5. Birds' nests, first quality mandarin, per 100 catties --.-. —-----. —-----—. 5 0 0 Birds' nests, second quality ordinary, per 100 catties. —--------.......... 2 5 0 Birds' nests, third quality with feathers, per 100 catties 0- --- O 5 0 Bicho de mar, first quality black, per 100 catties.......................... —--. 0 8 0 Bicho de mar, second quality, white, per 100 catties....................... 0 2 0 Sharks' fins, first quality, white, per 100 catties -. -.. —- - -- - - - 1- 0I 00 Sharks' fins, second quality, black, per 100 catties. — ---. O - O.OS,.O- 0 5 0 Stock fish, called dried fish, per 100 catties.-.O -—.- - - V 0 4 0 Fish-maws, not formerly in tariff, per 100 catties......................... __ 1 5 0 CLASS 6.-Paiaters' stores. Class 6. Cochineal, per 100 catties................................................ 5 0 0 Smalts, per 100 catties.. —. —....- o.- -. - -—. —-—. --—.. - 4 0 0 Sapan wood, per 100 catties... O O.................................. 0- 1 0 CLASS 7.-Woods, canes, 4c. Class 7. Rattans, per 100 catties -....................... ----------------.... ---- 0 2 0 Ebony, per 100 catties....... —---------... —------ --.-.- 0 1 5 All other imported wood, as red wood, satin wood, yellow wood, not specifically enumerated. to pay a duty of ten per cent. ad valorem. CLASS 8.-Clocks, wvatches, c-c. Class 8. Clocks. Watches. Telescopes. Glass panes, and crystal ware of all kinds. Writing-desks. Dressing-cases. Jewelry of gold and silver. Cutlery, swords, &c. All the foregoing and any other miscellaneous articles of the same description, 5 per cent. ad valorem. CLASS 9. Class 9. Gold and silver bullion, duty free. CLASS 10. Class 10. Cotton, fabrics of cotton and canvas, from 75 to 100 chih long, and 1 chill 7 tsun to 2 chih 2 tsun wide, per piece................................... 0 5 0 Cotton, allowing 5 per cent. for tare, per 100 catties.-........- - -....... 0 4 0 Long white cloths, 75 to 100 chih long, 2 chih 2 tsun to 2 chih 6 tsun wide, formerly divided into ssfperior and inferior fine cotton cloth, per piece.... 0 1 5 Cambrics and muslins, from 50 to 60 chili long, and 2 chih 9 tsun to 3 chili 3 tsun wide, per piece.................................... 0 1 5 Cottons, grey or unbleached domestic, &c., from;75 to 100 chih long, and 2 chih to 2 chih 9 tsun wide, formerly classed as coarse long cloths, per piece 0 1 9 Twilled cottons, grey, same dimensions, per piece. 0 1 0 Chintz and prints of all kinds, from 60 to 75 chih long, and from 2 chih 9 tsun to 3 chih 3 tsun wide, formerly called ornamented or flowered cloths, per piece. —o-..... —. —-. 0 2 0 Cotton yarn, or cotton thread, per 100 catties..-.......................... 1 00 Linen, fine, not formerly in the tariff, from 50 to 75 chihli long, and 1 chill 9 tsun to 2 chih 2 tsun wide, per piece. —..... —-. -—. ——... —---- —. 0 5 0 Bunting, per chang-.0.-...-............-.-.-. —-- 0 0 1 All other imported articles of this class, as ginghams, pulicats, dyed cottons, velveteens, silk and cotton mixtures, and mixtures of linen and cotton, &c., 5 per cent. ad valorem. CLASS 11.-Fabrics of silk, woollen, 4c. Class 11. Handkerchiefs, large, above 2 chih 6 tsun, each. -.. _,,............... 0 0 14 Handkerchiefs, small, under 2 chih 6 tsun, each....... 0 0 1 Taels, mIace, and candn.rceens. 128 PUBLIC TREATIES. *T. lM. C. Gold and silver thread, superior or real, per catty... —.. —.. —-. —-- 0 1 3 Gold and silver thread, inferior, or imitation, per catty. —- - - -. - 0 0 3 Broadcloth, Spanish stripe, &c., from 3 chih 6 tsun to 4 chih 6 tsun wide, per chang. -.... 0 1 5 Narrow cloths, ds long ells, cassimeres, &c., formerly classed as narrow woollens, per chang --—............-... - --- -..- - - - - - ---- 0 0 0 7 Camrlets, (Dutch,) per chang....-..... -.-.-... D O- 0 1 5 Camlets, per chang.. -... - -... 0 0 7 Imitation camlets, or bombazettes, per chang —.-. —-—......-... — -.-.- 0 0 3j Woollen yarn, per 100 catties - ------------—. -............. 3 0 0 Blankets, each ---------- -... ---.. ——....- -----—..-. —--- --------—. 0 1 0 All other fabrics of wool, or of mixed wool and cotton, wool and silk, &c., 5 per cent. ad valorem. Class 12. CLASS 12.- Wines, 4c. Wine and beer, in quart bottles, per 100........................... 1 0 0 Wine and beer, in pint bottles, per 100.................................... 0 5 0 Wine and beer, in cask, per 100 catties 00. — O......................... 00 0 5 0 Class 13. CrLAss 13. —Meals: Copper, foreign, in pigs, &c., per 100 catties............................... - 1 0 0 Copper, wrought, as sheets, rods, &c., per 100 catties -. —........ i 5 0 Iron, foreign, unmanufactured, as in pigs, per 100 catties.................. 0 1 0 Iron, manufacturedf-as in bars, rods, &c., per 100 catties.................. 0 1 5 Lead, foreign, in pigs, or manufactured, per 100 catties.................... 0 2 8 Steel, foreign, of every kind, per 100 catties............................... 0 4 0 Tin, foreign, per 100 catties - - -......................................... 1 0 0 Tin plates, formerly not in the tariff, per 100 catties-............ 0 4 0 Spelter is only permitted to be sold to government merchants. All unenumerated metals, as zinc, yellow copper, &c., 10 per cent. ad valorem. Class 14. CLAss 14.-Jewelry. Cornelians, per 100 stones........... -—.....................................- 0 5 0 Cornelian beads, per 100 catties —.. —.- --- - —.- - -.... - - -—... -—. - 10 0 0 Class 15. CLASS 15.-Skins, teeth, hornls, 4-c. Bullocks' and buffalo horns, per 100 catties. —----—... —-.. —.. —-------- 2 0 0 Cow and ox hides, tanned and untanned, per 100 catties.................. 0 5 0 Sea-otter skins, each....- - ---. ---- —.- ----—... ——. - - - 1 5 0 Fox skins, large, each -—.. -—. —-- --—.-.-.. O......O —- —. — 0 1 5 Fox skins, small, each - - o -.....- -.......O -......... 0 0 7~ Tiger, leopard, and marten skins, each............. —-- -—..- - - - - - - 0 1 5 Land-otter, raccoon, and sharks' skins, per 100.- —.-. —--- - -- -- -—. — 2 02 00 Beaver skins, per 100.... --.. —- ---------. —--— ___O4_0 —---------- 5 0 0 Hare, rabbit, and ermine skins, per 100 --—.. -- --....-.. — 4-. —---—. 0 5 0 Sea -horse teeth, per 100 catties -—. —-------—..-. —--—................ 2 0 0 Elephants' teeth, first quality, whole, per 100 catties. -.... 4 0 0 Elephants' teeth, second quality, broken, per 100 catties................... 2 0 0 Class 16. CLASS 16. — Unenumerated. All new goods which it has not been practicable to enumerate herein, a duty of 5 per cent, adl valorem. Class 17. CLASS 17. Rice and other grains, duty free. Contrabanld. Contraband.-Opium. Shipping dues, Shiping dues.-These have been hitherto charged on the measurement of the ship's length and breadth, at so much per chlang, but it is now agreed to alter the system and charge according to the registered statement of the number of tons of the ship's burden. On each ton (reckoned equal to the cubic contents of 122 tows) a shipping charge of five mace is to be levied; and all the old charges of measurement, entrance, and port-clealance fees, daily and monthly fees, &c., are abolished. [L. s.] CUSHING. [l.. ] TSIYENG. *Taels, mlace, atn'd candarlecns. CHIINA, 1858. 129 CHINA., 1858. TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY, AND COMMERCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES June 18,1858. OF AMERICA ANTD THE TA TSING EMPIRE, CONCLUDED AT TIEN-TSIN - JUNE 18, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE DECEMBER 15, 1858; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DECEMBER 21, 1858; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PEI-TSANG AUGUST 16, 1859; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS CONSENTED TO BY SENATE JANUARY 24, 1860; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 26, 1860. The United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire, desiring to Contracting parmaintain' firm, lasting, and sincere friendship, have resolved to renew, ties. in a manner clear and positive, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, amity, and commerce, the rules which shall in future be mutually observed ill the intercourse of their respective countries; for which most desirable object the President of the United States and the August Sovereign of the Ta Tsing Empire have named for their Plenipotentiaries, to Wit: The President of the United States of America, William B. Reed, Negotiators. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to China; and His Majesty the Emperor of China, IKweiliang, a member of the'Privy Council and Superintendent of the Board of Punishments; and Hwashana, President of the Board of Civil Office, and Major General of the Bordered Blue Banner Division of the Chinese Banner-men, both of them being Imperial Commissioners and Plenipotentiaries; And the said Ministers, in virtue of the respective fiil powers they have received from their Governments, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be, as there have always been, peace and friendship Peace and friendbetween the United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire, and ship. between their people, respectively. They shall not insult or ol)press each other for any trifling cause, so as to produce an estrangement between them; and if any other nation should act unjustly or oppressively, the United States will exert their good offices, on being inlorme(l of the case, to bring about an amicable arrangement of the question, thus showing their friendly feelings. ARTICLE IT. In order to perpetuate friendship, on the exchange of ratificatiols by Custody of origithe President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United nal treaty. States, and by His Majesty the Emperor of China, this treaty shall be kept and sacredly guarded in this Mway, viz: The original treaty, as ratified by the President of the United States, shall be deposited at Pekin, the capital of His Majesty the Emperor of China, in charge of the Privy Council; and, as ratified by His Majesty the Emperor of China, shall be deposited at Washington, the capital of the United States, in charge of the Secretary of State. ARTICLE 1I. In order that the people of the two countries may know and obey the Publication o f provisions of this treaty, the Unit-ed States of America agree, iminedi- treaty. ately on the exchange of ratifications, to proclaim the same, and to publish it by proclamation in the gazettes where the laws of the United States of America are published by authority; and His Majesty the Emperor of China, on the exchange of ratifications, agrees immediately to direct the pulbliccation of the same at the capital landll lby the governors of all the provinces. R S IYV 9 130 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. United States In order further to perpetuate friendship, the Minister or Commissioner, Minister in China. or the highest diplomatic representative of the United States of America in China~, shall at all times have the right to correspond on terms of perfect equality and confidence with the officers of the Privy Council at the capital, or with the Governors-General of the Two Kwangs, the provinces of Fuhkien and Chehkiang or of the Two Kiangs; and whenever he desires to have such correspondence with the Privy Council at the capital he shall have the right to send it through either of the said GovernorsGeneral or by the general post; and all such communications shall be sent under seal, which shall be most carefully respected. The Privy Council and Governors-General, as the case may be, shall in all cases consider and acknowledge such communications promptly and respectfully. ARTICLE V. Vi sits to the The Minister of the United States of America in China, whenever he capital. has business, shall have the right to visit and sojourn at the capital of His Majesty the Emperor of China, and there confer with a member of the Privy Council, or any other high officer of equal rank deputed for that purpose, on matters of common interest and advantage. His visits shall not exceed one in each year, and he shall complete his busiDess without unnecessary delay. He shall be allowed to go by land or come to the mouth of the Peiho, into which he shall not bring ships of war, and he shall inform the authorities at that place in order that boats may be provided for him to go on his journey. He is not to take advantage of this stipulation to request visits to the capital on trivial occasions. Whenever he means to proceed to the capital, he shall communicate, in writing, his intention to the Board of Rites at the capital, and thereupon the said Board shall give the necessary directions to facilitate his journey and give him necessary protection and respect on Residence an d his way. On his arrival at the capital he shall be furnished with a suitsuite. able residence prepared for him, and he shall defray his own expenses; and his entire suite shall not exceed twenty persons, exclusive of his Chinese attendants, none o.f whom shall be engaged in trade. ARTICLE VI. Resi d en c at If at any time His Majesty the Emperor of China shall, by treaty volcapital. untarily made, or for any other reason, permit the representative of any friendly nation to reside at his capital for a long or short time, then, without any further consultation or express permission, the representative of the United States in China shall have the same privilege. ARTICLE VII. Official corre- The superior authorities of the United States and of China, in corres;::cdcence. sponding together, shall do so on terms of equality and in form of mutual communication, (chauc-hwui.) The Consuls and the local officers, civil and military, in corresponding together, shall likewise employ the style and form of mutual communication, (chau-hwuiv.) When inferior officers of the one Government address superior officers of the other, they shall do so in the style and form of memorial, (chin-chin.) Private individuals, in addressing superior officers, shall employ the style of petition, (piPchionzg.) In no case shall any terms or style be used or suffered which be lets noet to shall be offensive or disrespectful to either party. And it is agreed that no presents, under any pretext or form whatever, shall ever be demanded of the United States by China, or of China by the United States. CHINA, 1858. 131 ARTICLE VIII. In all future personal intercourse between the representative of the Personal interUnited States of America and the Governors-General or Governors, the views. interviews shall be had at the ofici2al residence of the said officers, or at their temporary residence, or at the residence of the representative of the United States of America, whichever may be agreed upon between them; nor shall they make any pretext for declining these interviews. Current matters shall be discussed by correspondence, so as not to give the trouble of a personal meeting. ARTICLE IX. Whenever national vessels of the United States of America,, in cruis- United States inig along the coast and among the ports opened for trade for the pro- vessels in Chinese tection of the commerce of their country or for the advancement of waters. science, shall arrive at or near any of the ports of China, commanders of said ships and the superior local authorities of Government shall, if it be necessary, hold intercourse on terms of equality and courtesy, in token of the friendly relations of their respective nations; and tho said vessels shall enjoy all suitable facilities on the part of the Chinese Government in procuring provisions or other supplies and making necessary repairs. And the United States of America agree that in case of the Pirates, &e. shipwreck of any American vessel, and its being pillaged by pirates, or in case any American vessel shall be pillaged or captured by pirates on the seas adjacent to the coast, without being shipwrecked, the national vessels of the United States shall pursue the said pirates, and if captured deliver them over for trial and punishment. ARTICLE X. The United States of America shall have the right to appoint Consuls Consular officers. alnd other Commercial Agents for the protection of trade, to reside at such places in the dominions of China as shall be agreed to be opened; who shall hold official intercourse and correspondence with the local officers of the Chinese Government, (a Consul or a Vice-Consul in charge taking rank with an intendant of circuit or a prefect,) either personally or in writing, as occasions may require, on terms of equality and rleciprocal respect. And the Consuls and local officers shall employ the style of mutual communication. If the officers of either lnation are disrespectfully treated or aggrieved in any way by the other authorities, they have the right to make representation of the same to the superior officers of the respective Governments, who shall see that full inquiry and strict justice shall be had in the premises. And the said Consuls and Agents shall carefully avoid all acts of offence to the officers and people of China. On the arrival of a Consul duly accredited at any port in China, it shall be the duty of the Minister of the United States to notify the same to the Governor-General of the province where such port is, who shall forthwith recognize the said Consul and grant him authority to act. ARTICLE XI. All citizens of the United States of America in China, peaceably United States attending to their affairs, being placed on a common footing of amity citizens in Chlina. and good will with the subjects of China, shall receive and enjoy for themselves and everything appertaining to them, the protection of. the local authorities of Government, who shall defend them from all insult or injury of any sort. If their dwellings or property be threatened or attacked by mnobs, incendiaries, or otlher violent or lawvless persons, the local officers, on requisitionl of the Consul, shall inlmediately dlispatcllh t military force to disperse the rioters, apprehend the guilty individuals, 132 PUBLIC TREATIES. Criminal acts. and punish them with the utmost rigor of the law. Subjects of China guilty of any criminal act toward citizens of the United States shall be punished by the Chinese authorities according to the laws of China; and citizens of the United States, either on shore or in any merchant vessel, who may insult, trouble, or wound the persons or injure the property of Chinese, or commit any other improper act in China,, shall be punished only by the Consul or other public functionary thereto authorized, according to the laws of the United States. Arrests in order to trial may be made by either the Chinese or the United States authorities. ARTICLE XII. C it i z en s of Citizens of the United States, residing or sojourning at any of the ports United States at open to foreign commerce, shall be permitted to rent houses and places open Iports. 0of business, or hire sites on which they can themselves build houses or hospitals, churches, and cemeteries. The parties interested can fix the rent by mutual and equitable agreement; the proprietors shall not demand an exorbitant price, nor shall the local authorities interfere, unless there be some objections offered on the part of the inhabitants respecting the, place. The legal fees to the officers for applying their seal shall be paid. The citizens of the United States shall not unreasonably insist on particular spots, but each party shall conduct with justice and moderation. Any desecrationi of the cemeteries by natives of China shall be severely punished according to law. At the places where the ships of the United States anchor, or their citizens reside, the merchants, seamen, or others, can freely pass and repass in the immediate neighborhood; but, in order to the preservation of the public peace, they shall not go into the country to the villages and marts to sell their goods unlawfully, in fraud of the revenue. ARTICLE XIII. Wrecks. If any vessel of the United States be wrecked or stranded on the coast of China, and be subjected to plunder or other damage, the proper officers of Government, on receiving information of the fact, shall immediately adopt measures for its relief and security; the persons on board shall receive friendly treatment, and be enabled to repair at once to the nearest port, and shall enjoy all facilities for obtaining supplies of proPirates visions and water. If the merchant vessels of the United States, while within the waters over which the Chinese Government exercises jurisdiction, be plundered by robbers or pirates, then the Chinese local authorities, civil and military, on receiving information thereof, shall arrest the said robbers or pirates, and punish them according to law, and shall cause all the property which can be recovered to be restored to the owners or placed in the hands of the consul, If, by reason of the extent of territory and numerous population of China, it shall in any case happen that the robbers cannot be apprehended, and the property only in part recovered, the Chinese Government shall not imake indemnity for the goods lost; but if it shall be proved that the local authorities have been in collusion with the robbers, the same shall be communicated to the superior authorities for memorializing the throne, and these officers shall be severely punished, and their property be confiscated to repay the losses. ARTICLE X IV. Open ports. The citizens of the United States are plermitted to frequent the ports and cities of Canton and Chau-chau or Swatau, in the province of vKwang-tung, Amoy, Fuh-chau, and Tai-wan, in Formosa, in the province of Fuh-kien, Ningpo, in the province of Cheh-kiiang, and Shanghai, in the province of Kiang-su, and any other port or place hereafter by CHINA, 1858. 133 treaty with other powers or with -the United States opened to commerce, and to reside with their families and trade there, and to proceed at pleasure with their vessels and merchandise from any of these ports to any other of them. But said vessels shall not carry on a clandestine and fraudulent trade at other ports of China not declared to be legal, or along the coasts thereof; and any vessel under the American flag violating this provision, shall, with her cargo, be subject to confiscation to the Chinese Government; and any citizen of the United States who shall trade in ally contraband article of merchandise shall be subject to be dealt with by the Chinese Government, without being entitled to any countenance or protection from that of the United States; and the United States will take measures to prevent their flag from being abused by the subjects of other nations as a cover for the violation of the laws of the empire. ARTICLE XV. At each of the ports open to commerce citizens of the United States Comm e r c e a t shall be permitted to import from abroad, and sell, purchase, and ex- open ports. port all merchandise of which the importation or exportation is not prohibited by the laws of the empire. The tariff of duties to be paid by Tariff of duties. citizens of the United States, on the export and import of goods from [See treaty of and into China, shall be the same as was agreed upon at the treaty of 1844, pp. 124-128.1] Wanghia, except so far as it may be modified by treaties with other nations; it being expressly agreed that citizens of the United States [ see Suppleshall never pay higher duties than those paid by the most fwlvored mienital Conveni~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~nation. ~tion, pp. 137-146.1 ARTICLE XVI. Tonnage duties shall be paid on every merchant vessel belonging to Tonnage duties. the United States entering either of the open ports, at the rate of four mace per ton of forty cubic feet, if she be over one hundred land fifty tons burden, and one mace per ton of forty cubic feet, if she be of the burden of one hundred and fifty tons or under, according to the tonnage specified in the register, which, with her other papers, shall, on her arrival, be lodged with the Consul, who shall report the same to the Ships'pers commissioner of customs. And if any vessel, having paid tonnage dutyh at one port, shall go to any other port to complete the disposal of her cargo, or, being in ballast, to purchase an entire or fill up an incomplete cargo, the Consul shall report the same to the commissioner of customs, who shall note on the port clearance that the tonnage duties have been paid, and report the circumstances to the collectors at the other custom-houses; in which case, the said vessel shall only pay duty on her cargo, and not be charged with tonnage duty a second time. The col- Beacons, light lectors of customs at the open ports shall consult with the Consuls about houses, &c. the erection of beacons or light-houses, and where buoys and light-ships should be placed. ARTICLE XVII. Citizens of the United States shall be allowed to engage pilots to take Pilots, servantsr their vessels into port, andQ when the lawful duties have all been paid, &e. take them out of port. It shall be lawful for them to hire at pleasure servants, compradores, linguists, writers, laborers, seamen, and persons for whatever necessary service, with passage or cargo boats, for a reasonable compensation, to be agreed upon by the parties or determined by the Consul. ARTICLE XVII1. Whenever merchant vessels of the United States shall enter a port, the MerlcLantVessels collector of customs shall, if he see fit, appoint custom-house officers to in port. gnard said vessels, who may live on board the ship or their own boats, at 1 34 PUBLIC TREATIES. Mutincers a n d their convenience. The local authorities of the Chinese Government shall decerters. cause to be apprehended all mutineers or deserters from on board the vessels of the United States in China on being informed by the Consul, and will deliver them up to the Consuls or other officer for punishment. Clhines cri m i- And if criminals, subjects of China, take refuge in the houses or on rals. board the vessels of citizens of the United States, they shall not be harbored or concealed, but shall be delivered up to justice on due requisition by the Chinese local officers, addressed to those of the United Merchalnts, &e., States. The merchants, seamen, and other citizens of the United States f Uinited States. shall be under the superintendence of the appropriate officers of their Government. If individuals of either Iation commit acts.of violence or disorder, use arms to the injury of others, or create disturbances endangering life, the officers of the two Governments will exert themselves to enforce order and to maintain the public peace, by doing impartial justice in the premises. ARTICLE XIX.* Papers of mer- Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall chant vessels.] cast anchor in either of the said ports, the supercargo, master, or colnsignee, shall, within forty-eight hours, deposit the ship's papers in the hands of the Consul or person charged with his functions, who shall cause to be communicated to the superintendent of customs a true report of the name and tonnage of such vessel, the number of her crew, and the nature of her cargo; which being done, he shall give a permit for her Permit for dis- discharge. And the master, supercargo, or consignee, if he proceed to charge. discharge the cargo without such permit, sllhall incur a fine of five hundred dollars, and the goods so discharged without permit shall be subject to forfeiture to the Chinese Government. But if a master of any vessel in port desire to discharge a part only of the cargo, it shall be lawful for him to do so, paying duty on such part only, and to proceed with the remainder to any other ports. Or, if the master so desire, he may, within forty-eight hours after the arrival of the vessel, but not later, decide to depart without breaking bulk; in which case lie shall not be subject to pay tonnage or other duties or charges until, on his arrival at another Iort, hlie shall proceed to discharge cargo, when he shall pay the duties Tonnage duties. on vessel and cargo, according to law. And the tonnage duties shall be held due after the expiration of the said forty-eight hours. In case of the absence of the Consul or person charged with his functions, the captain or supercargo of the vessel may have recourse to the Consul of a friendly power, or, if he please, directly to the superintendent of customs, who shall do all that is required to conduct the ship's business. ARTICLE XX. Superintenmle n t The superintendent of customs, in order to the collection of the proper of customs. duties, shall, on application made to him through the Consul, appoint suitable officers, who shall proceed, in the presence of the captain, supercargo, or consignee, to make a just and fair examination of all goods in the act of being discharged for importation or laden for exportation on Disputes. board any merch'ant vessel of the United States. And if disputes occur in regard to the value of goods subject to ad valorem duty, or in regard to the amount of tare, and the same cannot be satisfactorily arranged by the parties, the question may, within twenty-four hours, and not afterwards, be referred to the said Consul to adjust with the superintendent of customs. ARTICLE XXI.@RcVxpor tation Citizens of the United States who may have imported merchandise of goods. into any of the free ports of China, and paid the duty thereon, if they desire to reexport the same in part or in whole to any other of the said See note, p. 137. CHINA, 1858. 135 ports, shall be entitled to make application, through their consul, to the superintendent of customs, who, in order to prevent fraud on the revenue, shall cause examination to be made, by suitable officers, to see that the duties paid on such goods as are entered on the custom-house books correspond with the representation made, and that the goods remain with their original marks unchanged, and shall then make a memorandum in the port clearance of the goods and the amount of duties paid on the same, and deliver the same to the merchant, an(ld shall also certify, the.ftcts to the officers of customs of the other ports; all which being done on the arrival in port of the vessel in which the goods are laden, and everything being found, oil examination there, to corresponds she shall be permitted to break bulk and land the said goods without being subject to the payment of any additional duty thereon. But if, on such examination, the superintendent of customs shall detect any fraud on the revenue in the case, then the goods shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese Government. Foreign grain or rice brought into any port of China in a ship of the United States, and not landed, may be reexported without hindrance. ARTICLE XXII. The tonnage duty on vessels of the United States shall be paid on Payment of dutheir being admitted to entry. Duties of import shall be paid on the ties. discharge of the goods, and duties of export on the landing of the same. When all such duties shall have been paid, and not before, the collector of customs shall give a port clearance, and the consul shall return the ship's papers. The duties shall be paid to the shroffs authorized by the Chinese Government to receive the same. Duties shall be paid and received, either in sycee silver or in foreign money, at the rate of the day. If the Consul permits a ship to leave the port before the duties and tonnage dues are paid le shall be held responsible therefor. ARTICLE XXIII. When goods on board any merchant vessel of the United States in Trallshipment of port require to be transhipped to another vessel, application shall be goods. made to the consul, who shall certify what is the occasion therefor to the superintendent of customs, who may appoint officers to examine into the facts and permit the transhipmeut. And if any goods be transhipped without written permits they shall be subject to be forfeited to the Chinese Government. ARTICLE XXIV. Where there are debts due by subjects of China to citizens of the Collection ofi United States, the latter may seek redress in law; and, on suitable rep- debts. resentations being made to the local authorities, through the Consul, they will cause due examination in the premises, and take proper steps to compel satisfaction. Aud' if citizens of the United States be indebted to subjects of China, the latter may seek redress by representation through the Consul, or by suit in the consular court; but neither Government will hold itself responsible for such debts. ARTICLE XXV. It shall be lawful for the officers or citizens of the United States to Teachers, &-.. employ scholars and people of any part of China, without distinction of persons, to teach any of the languages of the empire, and to assist ill literary labors; and the persons so employedl shall not for that cause be subject to any injury on the part either of the Government or of individluals; and it shall in like mllanner be lawfiul for citizens of the United States to purchase all manner of books in China. 136 PUJBLIC T1hEATIES. ARTICLE XXVI. In case of war Relations of peace and amity between the United States and China between Chiua tad being established by this treaty, and the vessels of the Unitedc States otber powers. being admitted to trade freely to and from the ports of China open to foreign commerce, it is further agreed that, in case at any time hereafter China should be at war with any foreign nation whatever, and should for that cause exclude such nation from entering her ports, still the vessels of the United States shall not the less continue to pursue their commerce in freedom and security, and to transport goods to and froml the ports of the belligerent powers, full respect being paid to the neutrality of the flag of the United States, provided that the said flag shall not protect vessels engaged in the transportation of officers or soldiers in the enemy's service, nor shall said flag be fraudulently use(l to enable the enemy's ships, with their cargoes, to enter the ports of China; but lfil such vessels so offending shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese Government. ARTICLE XXVII. Controversies. All questions in regard to rights, whether of property or person, arising between citizens of the United States in China shall be subject to the jurisdiction and regulated by the authorities of their own Government; and all controversies occurring in China between citizens of the United States and the subjects of any other Government shall be regulated by the treaties existing between the United States and such Governments, respectively, without interference on the part of China. ARTICLE XXVIII. Official cominml- If citizens of the United States have special occasion to address-any meinc~ltions. communication to the Chinese local officers of Government, they shall submit the same to their Consul or other officer, to determine if the language be proper and respectful, and the matter just and right, in which event he shall transmit the same to the appropriate authorities for their consideration and action in the premises. If subjects of China have occasion to address the Consul of the United States, they may address him directly at the same time they inform their own officers, representing the case for his consideration and action in the premises; and if controversies arise between citizens of the United States and subjects of China, which cannot be amicably settled otherwise, the same shall be examined and decided conformably to justice and equity by the public officers of the two nations, acting in conjunction. The extortion of illegal fees is expressly prohibited. Any peaceable persons are allowed to enter the court in order to interpret, lest injustice be done. ARITICLE XXIX. Religious tolera- The principles of the Christian religion, as professed by the Protestant tion. and touman Catholic churches, are recognized as teaching men to do good, and to do to others as they would have others do to them. Here[See Article Iv, after those who quietly profess and teach these doctrines shall not be t r e a t y o f 1868, harassed or persecuted on account of their faith. Any person, whether l)' 148.] c'citizen of the United States or Chinese convert, who, according to these tenets, peaceably teach and practice the principles of Christianity, shall in no case be interfered with or molested. ARTICLE XXX. Most favored na- The contracting parties hereby agree that should at any time the Ta tion clauso, Tsing Empire grant to any nation, or themerchants or citizens of any nation, any right, I)rivilcge, or favor, conlnecte(l either with navigation, eHINA, 1858. 137 commerce, political or other intercourse, which is not conferred by this treaty, such right, privilege, and favor shall at once freely inllure to the benefit of the United States, its public officers, merchants and citizens. The present treaty of peace, amity, and comnmerce shall be ratified by tifications. the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, within one year, or sooner, if possible, and by the August Sovereign of the Ta Tsing Empire forthwith; and the ratifications shall be exchanged within one year from the date of the signatures thereof. In faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United Signatures. States of America and of the Ta Tsing Empire, as aforesaid, have signed and sealed these presents. Done at Tien-tsin this eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord Date. one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and the independence of the United States of America the eighty-second, and in the eighth year of Hienfung, fifth month, and eighth day. [LT. s.ji WILLIAM B. REED. [L. S.] KWEILIANG. ~[L. S.J] RHWASHANA. NOTE TO ARTICLE XIX. —On the 17th July, 1867, it had been agreed between the Chinese Government and Mr. Burlingame, United States Minister at Pekin, that, subject to ratification by the Government of the United States, Article XIX should be modified as hereinafter stated. The proposed modification having been submitted to the Senate, that body, by its resolution of January 20, 1868, did "' advise and consent to the modification of the treaty between the United States and China, concluded at Tien-tsin, on the 18th of June, 1858, so that the nineteenth article shall be understood to include hulks and storeships of every kind under the termn merchant vessels; and so that it shall provide that if the superca.rgo, master, or consignee shall neglect, within forty-eight hours after a vessel casts anchor in either of the ports named in the treaty, to deposit the ship's papers in the hands of the Consul, or person charged with his functions, who shall then comply with the requisitions of the nineteenth article of the treaty in question, he shall be liable to a fine of fifty taels for each day's delay. The total amount of penalty, however, shall not exceed two hundred taels." NOTE TO ARTICLE XXI.-On the 7th April, 1863, it was agreed between Mr. Burlingame, United States Minister at Pekin, and the Government of China, that, subject to the ratification of the Government of the United States, the twenty-first article of the treaty of June 18, 1858, "shall be so modified as to permit duties to be paid, when goods are reixported from any one of the free ports of China, at the port into -which they are finally imported; and that drawbacks shall be substituted for exemption certificates at all the ports, which drawbacks shall be regarded as negotiable and transferable articles, and be accepted by the custom-house fronm whatsoever merchant who may tender them, either for import or export duty to be paid by him." The Senate advised and consented to this modification by resolution of February 4, 1864; and it was accepted, ratified, and confirmed by the President February 22, 1864. CHINA, 1858. SUPPLEMENTAL CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF Nov. 8,1858. AMERICA AND THE TA TSING EMPIRE, FOR THE REGULATION OF TRADE, CONCLUDED AT SHANGHAI NOVEMBER 8, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 1, 1859; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 3, 1859; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PETANG AUIGUST 15, 1859. Whereas a treaty of peace, amity, and commerce between the Ta Preamble. Tsing Empire (and the United States of America was concludecl at Tientsin, and signed at the Temple of Hai-Kwang on the eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fiftyeight, corresponding with the eighth day of the fifth moon of the eighth year of ilienfung; which said treaty was duly ratified by -His Majesty the Emperor of China, on the third (lay of July following, and which has been now transmitted for ratification by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate; and whereas in the said treaty it was provided, among other things, that the tariff of duties [See Article XV, to be paid by citizens of the United States on the export and inmport of treaty of Jun l8, goods from and into China shall be the samue as was agreed upon at the 138 PUBLIC TREATIES. treaty of Wang-hia, except so far as it may le modified by treaties with other nations, it being expressly agreed that citizens of the United States shall never pay higher duties than those paid by the most favored nations; and whereas since the signature of the said treaty material modifications of the said tariff and other matters of detail connected with and having relation to the said treaty have been made under nmutual discussions by commissioners appointed to that end by the Plenipotentiaries of China, Great Britain, and France, to which the assent of the United States of America is desired and now freely given, it has been determined to record such assent and agreement in the form of a supplementary treaty, to be as binding and of the same efficacy as though they had been inserted in the original treaty. ARITICLE I. Tariff, and trade The tariff and regulations of trade and transit hereunto attached, regulations. bearing the seals of the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States and the Ta Tsing Empire, shall henceforward and until duly altered under the provisions of treaties be in force at the ports and places open to commerce. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and of the Ta Tsing Empire, to wit, on the part of the United States, William B. Reed, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary; and on the part of the Ta Tsing Empire Kweiliang, a member of the Privy Council, Captain General of the Plain White Banner ~Division of the Manchu Bannermen, and Superintendent of the Board of Punishments; and Hwashana, Classical Reader at Banquets, President of the Board of Civil Office, Captain General of the Bordered Blue Banner Division of the Chinese Bannertnen, both of them Plenipotentiaries; with Ho Kwei-tsing, Governor General of the two Kiang Provinces, President of the Board of War, and Guardian of the Heir-Apparent; Mingshen, President of the Ordnance Office of the Imperial Household, with the Insignia of the Second Grade; and Twan, a titular President of the Fifth Grade, member of the Establishment of the General Council, and one of the junior under Secretaries of the Board of Punishments, all of them special Imperial Commissioners deputed for the purpose, have signed and sealed these presents. Done at Shanghai this eighth day of November, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and the Independence of the United States of America the eighty-third, and in the eighth year of Hienfung, the tenth month and third day. [SEAL.] WILLIAM B. REED. -.KWEILIANG. HWASHANA. [SEAL.] ( HO KWEI-TSING. MINGGSHEN. TWAN. TARIFF ON IMPORTS. Tariff on irm- T. Mc.. C ports. Agar-agar, per 100 catties............................. 0 1 5 0 Asafcetida, per 100 catties..........-....... 0 6 5 0 Beeswax, yellow, per 100 catties.. -.......... 10 0 00 Betel-nut, per hundred catties...-0............ 1 5 5 Betel-nut, husk, per hundred catties.,.......... 0.. 0 0 7 0 Bicho de Mar, black, per 100 catties.-.. —-.. ——..-.. —-. —- -. 1 5 0 0 Bicho de Mar, white, per 100 catties..........................-......... 0 3 5 0 Birds-nests, 1st quality, per catty -— 0... —--------.. —--.. 5 0 Birds-nlests, 2nd quality, per catty --—.. -0.. -—. 0 4 5 0 Birds-nests, 3rd quality, or uncleaned, per catty.....-......^.... 0 1 5 0 Buttons, brass, per gross.................................. 0 0 5 5 Camphor, baroos, clean, per catty...................................... 1 3 O 0 CHINA, 18s. 139 T. M. C. C Camphor, baroos, refuse, per catty- -—....... -.............- 0 7 2 0 Tariff on imports. Canvas and cotton duck, not exceeding 50 yards long, per piece.. —........ 0 4 0 0 Cardamoms, superior, per 100 catties-.-..-.....-.-....... —-------- 1 0 0 0 Cardamoms, inferior, or grains of paradise, per 100 catties —..... 0 5 0 0 Cinnamon, per 100 catties -..... 1 5 0 0 Clocks, 5 per cent. ad valorem. Cloves, per hundred catties -.... —............ 0 5 0 0 Cloves, mother, per 100 catties -. —------------------------------------- 0 1 8 0 Coal, foreign, per ton. —............... —-----— 0 0 5 0 Cochineal, per 100 catties-........-... 5 0 0 0 Coral, per catty-0........... 1 0 0 Cordage, Manila, per 100 catties-.. —--.. —.-. —...... 0 3 5 0 Cornelians, per 100 stones-.............................................. 0 3 0 0 Cornelians, bends, per 108 catties....................................... 7 0 0 0 Cotton, raw, per 100 catties-. - -........................................ 0 3 5 0 Cotton piece goods, gray, white plain, and twilled, exceeding 34 inches wide, and not exceeding 40 yards long, per piece- -.. —- - -.- - - -.... 0 0 8 0 Cotton piece goods, exceeding 34 inches wide, and exceeding 40 yards long, per every 10 yards-. -.-..-.................. 0 0 2 0 Cotton piece goods, drills and jeans, not exceeding 30 inches wide, and not exceeding 40 yards longper piece.. 0 1 0 0 Cotton piece goods, drills and jeans, not exceeding 30 inches wide, and not exceeding 30 yards long, per piece- 0 0 7 5 Cotton piece good, T cloths, not exceeding 34 inches wide, and not exceeding 48 yards long, per piece. - -—.-..-..... 0 0 8 0 Cotton piece goods, T cloths, not exceeding 34 inches wide, and not exceeding 24 yards long, per piece ----------------------- 0 0 4 0 Cotton, dyed, figured, and plain, not exceeding 36 inches wide, and not exceeding 40 yards long, per piece.. 0 1 5 0 Cotton, fancy, white brocade and white spotted shirtings, not exceeding 36 inches wide, and not exceeding 40 yards long,;per piece -------—. —-- 0 1 0 0 Cotton, printed chintzes and furnitures, not exceeding 31 inches Wide, and not exceeding 30 yards long, per piece ------- -- - - -- 0 0 7 0 Cotton cambrics, not exceeding 46 inches wide, and not exceeding 24 yards long, per piece -------- - -0 0 7 0 Cotton cambrics, not exceeding 46 inches wide, and not exceeding 12 yards long, per piece. —..........-., 0 0 3 5 Cotton muslins, not exceeding 46 inches wide, and not exceeding 24 yards long, per piece.-..-. —........................-.... 0 0 7 5 Cotton muslins, not exceeding 46 inches wide, and not exceeding 12 yards long, per piece —.......-0 0 3 5 Cotton damasks, not exceeding 36 inches wide, and not exceeding 40 yards long, per piece —............... ——.......... 0 2 0 0 Cotton dimities, or quiltings, not exceeding 40 inches wide, and not exceeding 12 yards long, per piece ----------- ----------- 0 0 6 5 Cotton ginghams, not exceeding 28 inches wide, and not exceeding 30 yards long, per piece....................................... 0 0 3 5 Cotton handkerchiefs, not exceeding one yard square, per dozen......... 0 0 2 5 Cotton fustians, not exceeding 35 yards long, per piece --------- 0 2 0 0 Cotton velveteens, not exceeding 34 yards long, per piece ---.. —.. 0 1 5 0 Cotton thread, per 100 catties...-.... -.. 0 7 2 0 Cotton yarn, per 100 catties —. 0 7 0 0 Cow bezoar, Indian, per catty.. — i 1 5 0 0 Cutch, per 100 catties.. 0 1 8 0 Elephants' teeth,..whole, per 100 catties -------- --------- 4 0 0 0 Elcephants' teeth, broken, per 100 catties-.,.............................. 3 0 0 0 Feathcrs, kingfisher's, peacock's, per 100.............................. 0 4 0 0 Fish-maws, per 100 catties-1 0 0 0 Fish-skin, per 100catties.. —..................... 0 2 0 0 Flints, per 100 catties-. 0 0 3 0 Gambier, per 100 catties'. 0 1 5 0 Gamboge, per 100 catties. —-.. —-..-..-............. —---------- 1 0 0 0 Ginseng, American crude, per 100 catties -... ——.. —-. —..-...... 6 0 0 0 Ginseng, Amnerican clarified, per 100 catties ----- -------—. 8 0 0 0 Glass, wvindow, per box of 100 square feet-...0... -0...... 1 5 0 Glue, per 100 catties-......... -..-.-.. 0 1 5 0 Gold thread, real, per catty-.............-. 1 6 0 0 Gold thread, imitation, per catty -------------------— 0 0 3 0 Gum benjamin, per 100 catties. 0 6 0 0 Gum benjamin, oil of, per 100 catties. -------- -- - ---- 0 6 0 6 Gum, dragon's blood, per 100 catties.................................... 0 4 5 0 Gum, myrrh, per 100 catties. 0 4 5 0 Guim, olibanum, per 1090 catties —0 4 5 0 Hides, buffalo and cow, per 100 catties.-....-...-.. -.-....... 0 5 0 0 Hides, rhinoceros, per 100 catties — 0 4 2 0 Horns, huffalo, per 100 catties- 0 2 5 0 Horns, deer, per 100 catties-.......-....-.. 0 2 5 0 P(140 ]PUBLIC T1IhEATIES. T. M.. C.. Tariff on imports. IHorns, rhinoceros, per 100 catties0....................................... 0 0 0 Indigo, liquid, per 100 catties —.... ——. —... —. —........ 0 1 8 0 Isinglass, per 100 catties.-....... --.. — --- —......... -... -... 0 6 5 0 Lacquered ware, per 100 catties-......... 1 0 0 0 Leather, per 100 catties- -.......0 4 2 0 Linen, fine, as Irish or Scotch, not exceeding 50 yards long, per piece.. 0 5 0 0 Linen, coarse, as linen and cotton, or silk and linen mixtures, not exceeding 50 yards long, per piece. —-...... —---.. —------- -.. 0 2 0 0 Lucraban seed, per 100 catties ------ -...-..... —.......... 0 0 3 5 Mace, per 100 catties.. —...... —.. —------------ I —-. —-........... 1. 0 0 0 Mangrove bark, per 100 catties-.... —. —-................................ 0 0 3 0 Metals, copper, manufactured, as in sheets, rods, nails, per 100 catties... —-- 1 5 0 0 Metals, copper, unmanufactured, as in slabs, per 100 catties.-............. 1 0 0 0 Metals, copper, yellow-metal sheathing and nails, per 100 catties0. 0 9 0 0 Metals, copper, Japan, per 100 catties-................. 0 6 0 0 Metals, iron, manufactured, as in sheets, rods, bars, hoops, per 100 catties.. 0 1 2 5 Metals, iron, nnmanufactnred, as in pigs, per 100 catties. -.-. 0 0 7 5 Metals, iron, kentledge, per 100 catties........ 0 0' 1 0 Metals, iron, wire, per 100 catties —--—..-..- -..................... -0 2 5 0 Metals, lead, in pigs, per 100 eatties.........- 0 2 5 0 Metals, lead, in sheets, per 100 catties-.0...-.. — -.- -........... 0 5 5 0 Metals, quicksilver.-2-.-.. —.-..-. — - -..-. —.................. 2 0 0 0 Metals, spelter, saleable only nnder regulations appended, per 100 catties.. 0 2 5 0 Metals, steel, per 100 catties............................................ 0 2 5 0 Metals, tin, per 100 catties-.......... 1 2 5 0 Metals, tin plates, per 100 catties. —.-.-...................... 0 4 0 0 Mother-oL'-pearl ahell, per 100 catties.................................... 0 2 0 0 Musical boxes, 5 per cent. ad valorem. Mussels, dried, per 100 catties —................ 0 2 0 0 Nutmegs,per 100 catties-................................................ 2 5 0 0 Olives, unpickled, salted, or pickled, per 100 catties.-..0....... 1 8 0 Opium, per 100 catties............................ —- 30 0 0 0 Pepper, black, per 100 catties.- -..-..-............ — -—. —.-.... - - 0 3 6 0 Pepper, white, per 100 catties.-..-...... 0 5 0 0 Prawns, dried, per 100 catties..................................... 0 3 6 0 Putchuck, per 100 catties —- 6 —......-.....-.-.................... 0 0 Rattans, per 100 catties. —-0.. —.... — -. —............ 0 1 5 0 Rose maloes, per 100 catties.- -..... —----—.. —------------------... 1 0 0 0 Salt fish,'per 100 catties-..............................................0 1 8 0 Saltpetre, saleable only under regulation appended, per hundred catties. 0 5 0 0 Sandal wood(, per 100 catties - -- 0 4 0 0 Sapan wood, per hundred catties....................................... 0 1 0 0 Sea-horse teeth; per 100 catties......, -..-..-....2 0 0 0 Sharks' fins, black, per 100 catties.-. ——.. —......-............. 0 5 0 0 Sharks' fins, white, per 100 catties...................................... 1 5 0 0 Sharks' skins, per hundred............................................. 2 0 0 0 Silver thread, real, per catty.-.-......... -1 3 0 0 Silver thread, imitation, per catty —-- -------- - ------— 0 0 3 0 Sinews, buffalo and deer, per 100 catties.-.......-. 0 5 5 0 Skins, fox, large, each -—......... 0 1 5 0 Skins, fox, small, each-. — -. 0 0 7 5 Skins, marten, each...........- - -..............0 1 5 0 Skins, sea otter, each —--. —... —....-.- -...................... 1 5 0 0 Skins, tiger and leopard, each. —-—.-. —----- —. —....- -............... 0 1 5 0 Skins, beaver, per hundred. —. ----.- -.. —....... — -—..-...... 5 0 0 0 Skins, doe, hare, and rabbit, per hundred -.. —.............. —--—...... 0 5 0 0 Skins, squirrel, per hundred-. 0 5 0 0 Skins, land otter, per hundred -. ——.. —2..-..-........... 2 0 0 0 Skins, racoon, per hundred............................................. 2 0 0 0 Smalts, per 100 catties. -............... 1 5 0 0 Snuff, foreign, per 100 catties.........-............ -7 2 0 0 Sticklac, per 100 eatties- ---. —. — -............. — --—.. —. —. —--—. 0 3 0 0 Stockfish, per 100 catties........,. —-—. — 0 5 0 0 Sulphurand brimstone, (saleable only under regulation appended,) per 100 catties --------—. —----------—. —. —.-.... ——. —--------.........0 2 0 0 Telescopes, spy and opera glasses, looking-glasses, mirrors, 5 per cent. ad valorem. Tigers' bones, per 100 catties -----------------------—.- - ------ - 1 5 5 0 Timber, masts and spars, hard-wood, not exceeding 40 feet, each.......-. 4 0 0 0 Timber, mas-s and spars, hard-wood, not exceeding 60 feet, each —..... 6 0 0 0 Timber, masts and spars, hard-wood, exceeding 60 feet each-.... 10 0 0 0 Timber, masts and spars, soft-wood, not exceeding 40 feet each-.. 2 0 0 0 Timber, masts and spars, soft-wood, not exceeding 00 feet each-. -....... 4 5 0 0 Timbcr, masts and spars, soft-wood, exceeding 00 feet each.-..0.,.. 5 0 0 Timber, heams, hard-wood, not exceeding 26 feet long, and under 12 inches square, each-.....1...... 5 0 CHINA, 1858. 141 T. M. C. C. Timber, planks, hard-wood, not exceeding 24 feet long, 12 inches wide, and Tariff on imports. 3 inches thick, per 100............................................... 3 5 0 0 Timber, planks, hard-wood, not exceeding 16 feet long, 12 inches wide, and 3inchesthick, per 100............ — -.- 2 0 0 0 Timber, plank, soft-wood, per 1,000 square feet-...-...-..... 0 7 0 0 Timber, plank, teak, per cubic foot.- - —......... 0 0 3 5 Tinder, per 100 catties...-.............. —.-... 0 3 5 0 Tortoise-shell, per catty -0 2 5 0 Tortoise-shell, broken, per catty- - - -0 0 7 2 Umbrellas, each....- -......-............ 0 0 3 5 Velvets, not exceeding 34 yards long, per piece. —-------—. —-—. —-—.- 0 1 8 0 Watches, per pair. -. —.-... ——. —---- ----—. ——.. —- ----- -..... I 0 0 Watches, 6maill6es i perles, per pair —.' 4 5 0 0 Wax, Japan, per 100 catties. —-.. —-—..... —------—..... — -—. —---—. 0 6 5 0 Woods, camagon, per 100 catties.-...................................... 0 0 3 0 Woods, ebony, per 100 catties —. —---—. ——.. —----. —------—. —--—. 0 1 5 0 Woods, garroo, per 100 catties-. 2 0 0 0 Woods, fragrant, per 100 catties -----------------. —--—..... 0 4 5 0 Woods, kranjee, 35 feet long, 1 foot 8 inches wide, and 1 foot thick, each. 0 8 0 0 Woods, laka, per 100 catties ---. —----------—. —- ---------------..- 0 1 4 5 Woods, red, per 100 catties....... — --.......... 0 1 1 5 Woollen manufactures, viz, blankets, per pair.......... 0 2 0 0 Woollen broadcloth and Spanish stripes, habit and medium cloth, 51 a 64 inches wide, per chang -- - —. -- - -0 1 2 0 Woollen, long ells, 31 inches wide, per chang.- -.....-...-.. 0 0 4 5 Woollen camlets, English, 31 inches wide, per chang.... —-- 0 0 5 0 Woollen camlets, Dutch, 33 inches wide, per chang- -- -.................. 0 1 0 0 Woollen camlets, imitation and bombazettes, per chang................ —. 0 0 3 5 Woollen cassimeres, flannel, and narrow cloth, per chang-..-. -.-. 0 0 4 0 Woollen lastings, 31 inches wide, per chang.,-. — -. —--—.0.-.. —--—. 0 5 0 Woollen lastings, imitation and Orleans, 34 inches wide, per chang.-..... 0 0 3 5 Woollen bunting, not exceeding 24 inches wide, 40 yards long, per piece.. 0 2 0 0 Woollen and cotton mixtures, viz, lustres, plain and brocaded, not exceeding 31 yards long, per piece —--—. —-- --------- ----- -0 2 0 0 Woollen, inferior Spanish stripes, per chang. - - - 0 1 0 0 Woollen yarn, per 100 catties -.......................................... 30 0 0 TARIFF ON EXPORTS. Tariff on exports. Alum, per 100 catties........ —............. 0 0 4 5 Alum, green or copperas, per 100 catties. - -0 1 0 0 Anise-seed, star, per 100 catties-......... 0 5 0 0 Anise-seed, broken, per 100 catties...................................... 0 2 5 0 Anise-seed, oil, per 100 catties. —-. —--—... —-----—... —.. ——. —---- 5 0 0 0 Apricot seeds, or almonds, per 100 catties..-....-....... 0 4 5 0 Arsenic, per 100 catties --- 0 —------— 0 4 5 0 Artificial flowers, per 100 catties.- -1 5 0 0 Bamboo ware, per 100 catties —--------- ------ ----------— 0 7 5 0 Bangles, or glass armlets, per 100 catties —--- --------- 0 5 0 0 Beans and peas, (except from New Chwang and Tang Chow,)per 100 catties. 0 0 6 0 Bean cake, (except from New Chwang and Tang Chow,) per 100 catties.. 0 0 3 5 Bone and horn ware, per 100 catties-..........- —.... 1 5 0 0 Brass buttons, per 100 catties.- -- - 3 0 0 0 Brass foil, per 100 catties ------------- -1 5 0 0 Brass ware, per 100 catties-1.- -.... —-.-.....-1....... 0 0 0 Brass wire, per 100 catties -....... 1 1 5 0 Camphor, per 100 catties. -0 7 5 (0 Canes, per thousand —--—. —... —. —. —-. —.. —-----------—.. -0... 5 0 0 Cantharides, per 100 catties..- - - - 2 0 0 0 Capoor cutchery, per 100 catties.. —---—. —— 0 —--—..,..... -... - 0 3 0 0 Carpets and druggets, per hundred -—... —-. —-------—.. - -....,,.... 3 5 0 0 Cassia lignea, per 100 cattics-. ---- -----— 0 6 0 0 Cassia buds, per 100 catties. —--—.... —-..-..-........... —- ------- 0 8 0 0 Cassia twigs, per 100 catties-..-. —...... -... 0 1 5 0 Cassia oil, per 100 catties......... -...-.. —. —9.... 0 0 0 Castor oil, per 100 catties..-..............- - - 0 2 0 0 Chestnuts, per 100 catties-..................................... 0 1 0 0 China root, per 100 catties-............... — -.... 0 1'3 0 Chinaware, fine, per 100 catties -.-...... -........ 0 9 0 0 Chinaware, coarse, per 100 catties...................................... 0 4 5 0 Cinnabar, per 100 catties- -....................0 7 5 0 Clothing, cotton, per 100 catties — -............. 1 5 0 0 Clothing, silk, per 100 catties — -........... 10 0 0 0 Coal, per 100 catties --—.-.- —. —.....,....... 0 0 4 0 Coir, perl100catties ----........................0 1 0 0 Copper ore, per 100 catties --—........... 0 5 0 0 Copper sheathing, old, per 100 catties-. - - 0 5 0 0 142 PUBLIC TREATIES. T. A. C. C. Tariff on exports. Copper and pewter ware, per 100 catties -....I...... 1 1 5 0 Corals, false, per 100 catties ---—. —. —.-..-......... — - - -—. —..-..-... 0 3 5 0 Cotton, raw, per 100 catties --------------- -. -----— 0 3' 5 0 Cotton rags, per 100 catties --- 0 0 4 5 Cow bezoar, per catty- — 0 3 6 0 Crackers, fireworks, per 100 catties —---------- 0- 5 0 0 Cubebs, per 100 catties --—.. —--—.-...-.................. — --- 1 5 0 0 Curiosities, antiques, 5 per cent. ad valorem. Dates, black, per 100 catties............................................ 0 1 5 0 Dates, red, per 100 catties-.............................................. 0 0 9 0 iDye, green, percatty.. -. —-.- -..-.. -.............. —-—. —. —--- 0 8 0 0 Eggs, preserved, per thousand.-. -—........ 0 3 5 0 Fans, feather, per hundred ---------— 0 7 5 0 Fans, paper per hundred.- -.......... —.... —--— 0 0 4. 5 Fans, palm leaf, trimmed, per thousand - - -0 3 6 0 Fans, palm leaf, untrimmed, per thousand —--. ——. —--- -—..-... 0 2 0 0 Felt cuttings, per 100 catties.. —.-. - -..-............ — - - -—. —.-.. 0 1 0 0 Felt caps, per hundred —. —....................... — - - ---—.-.-.-....... 1 2' 5 0 Fungus, or agaric, per100 catties........... -,......... — - —. ——.......0 06 0 0 Galangal, per 100 catties..-.......... 0 1 0 0 Garlic, per 100 catties.................................................. 0 0 3 5 Ginseng, native, 5 per cent. ad valorem Ginseng, Corean or Japan, first quality, per catty..........-............. 0 5 0 0 Ginseng, Corean or Japan, second quality, per catty —. —...... 0 3 5 0 Glass beads, per 100 catties.. -..- --... - - - -....... ---- —. —. —-- 0 5 0 0 Glass, or vitrified ware, per 100 catties.........- —.... 0 5 0 0 Grass-cloth, fine, per 100 catties.. --- —..-.... — -.-............ 2 5 0 0. Grass-cloth, coarse, per 100 catties -—.. ——..-.. —.... — - —.. —...... 0 7 5 0 Ground.nuts, per 100 catties........................................... 0 1 0 0 Ground-nuts, cake, per 100 catties-..-... -........ 0 0 3 0 Gypsum, ground, or plasterof Paris, per 100 catties —-...... 0 0 3 0 Hair, camels', per 100 catties — -1 0 0 0 Hair, goats', per 100 catties-....-......-...-. -.... —.... 0 1 8 0 Hams, per 100 catties -—.......0 5 5 0 -Hartall, or orpiment, per 100 catties. — ---- --- --------- - 0 3 5 0 Hemp, per 100 catties —---—..................... —. ----—......... 0 3 5 0 Honey, per 100 catties —-...... —........-... —-......- - 0 9 0 0 Horns, deer's, young, per pair - - - - -......0 9 0 0 Horns, deer's, old, per 100 catties.-... —.. —----—.. --------— 1... 3 5 0 India ink, per 100 catties...-. --......-.............. —- --------. 41 0 0 0 Indigo, dry, per 100 catties —--------------- --- -- - 1 0 0 0 Ivory ware, per catty. —-.. ——.. —............-........ —. —- -- —.- 0 1 5 0 Joss sticks, per 100 catties. —....................... 0 2 0 0 Kittysolls, or paper umbrellas, per hundred- -- - - 0 5 0 0 Lacquered ware, per 100 catties. —.. —....... —.. -1... I 0 0 0 Lamp-wicks, per 100 catties —.- -----—... —.... -........-.. —-...- 0 6 0 0 Lead, red, (minium,) per 100 catties........... — - -..- 0 3 5 0 Lead, white, (ceruse,) per 100 catties -....-.. 0 3 5 0 Lead, yellow, (massicot,) per 100 catties. ----- -..... —-—... —------ - 0 3 5 0 Leather articles, as pouches, purses, per 100 catties.1........ 5 0 0 Leather, green, per 100 catties-.........-...... — - 1 8 a 0 Lichees, per 100 catties -. —----- ---- ---- ----- --- 0 2 0 0 Lily flowers, dried, per 100 catties- -. -.. -....-. 0 2 7 0 Lily-seed, or lotus nuts, per 100 catties- -... —.................... —-- -. 0 5 0 0 Licorice, per 100 catties --.-......... —------—.. ——...... —-. 0 1 3 5 Lung-ngan, per 100 catties --------.- ---. -------- 0 2 5 0 Lung-ngan, without the stone, per 100 catties.......... 0 3 5 0 Manure-cakes, or poudrette, per 100 catties —...........0 0 9 0 Marble slabs, per 100 catties.................... 0 2 0 0 Mats of all kinds, per hundred ---------------------------- 0 2 0 0 Matting, per roll of 40 yards. 0 2 0 0 Melon-seeds, per 100 catties-............. 0 1 0 0 Mother-o-pearl ware, per catty.-......-........... 0 1 0 0 Mushrooms, per 100 catties. ——. —. —1 —-—... -—....... —.. ——. 5 0 0 Musk, per catty -.-.. —--—. —----—. —---------------- 0 9 0 0 Nankeen and native cotton cloths, per 100 catties -..1 —. ——. —. —------ 1 5 0 0 Nutgalls, per 100 catties........... 0 5 0 0 Oil, as bean, tea, wood, cotton, and hemp-seed, per 100 eatties. 0 3 0 0 Oiled paper, per 100 caties 0 4 5 0 Olive-seed, per 100 catties............................................. 0 3 0 0 Oyster-shells, sea-shells, per 100 catties......... 0 0 9 0 Paint, green, per 100 catties ----------------------------—. 0 4 5 0 Palampore, or cotton bedquilts, per hundred. 9 7 5 0 Paper, 1st quality, per 100 catties. —0.7........ 0 7 0 0 Paper,'2d quality, per 100 catties-................. 0 4 0 0 Pearls, false, per 100 catties o 0 0 0 CHINA, 1858. 143 T. M. C. C. Peel, orange, per 100 catties.-........................... 0 3 0 0 Tariff on exports. Peel, pumelo, 1st quality, per 100'catties-...,....... 0 4 5 0 Peel, pumnelo, 2d quality, per 100 catties...-....... 0 1 5 0 Peppermint leaf, per 100 catties-.0 1 0 0 Peppermint oil, per 100 catties-......... 3 5 0 0 Pictures and paintings, each. —--—...-. —- -.. —................ 0 1 0 0 Pictures on pith or rice paper, per hundred...-...... 0 1 0 0 Pottery, earthenware, per 100 catties -.. —--.....-................ —-- 0 0 5 0 Preserve, comfits, and sweetmeats, per 100 catties......... 0 5 0 0 Rattans, split, per 100 catties. —-------------------- 0 2 5 0 Rattan ware, per 100 catties.-..,............................... 0 3 0 0 Rhubarb, per 100 catties -............................................. 1 2 5 0 Rice or paddy wheat, millet, and other grains, per 100 catties ——. —----- 0 1 0 0 Rugs of hair or skin, each -..... 0 0 9 0 Samshoo, per 100 catties —-.. —--. —. —................ -......... 0 1 5 0 Sandal-wood ware, per catty.... —.....-.. 0 1 0 0 Sea-weed, per 100 catties...... -...,.. 0 1 5 0 Sesamum seed, per 100 catties-..... — - - - - - -....... 0 1 3 5 Shoes and boots, leather or satin, per one hundred pairs................ 3 0 0 0 Shoes, straw, per one hundred pairs-.......... 0 1 8 0 Silk, raw and thrown, per 100 catties-10 0 0 0 Silk, yellow, from Szechuen, per 100 catties.-..7........ 0 0 0 Silk, reeled, from Dupions, per 100 catties.. —-.i... — -.-...... 0 0 0 Silk, wild raw, per 100 catties 2 5 0 0 Silk, refuse, per 100 catties —......... —.. — —.. 1 0 0 0 Silk, cocoons, per 100 catties. —-.....- - - —...-... 3 0 0 0 Silk, floss, Canton, per 100 catties —-...-...-....-...............4 3 0 0 Silk, floss, from otherprovinces, per 100 catties-.................... 10 0 0 0 Silk, ribbons and thread, per 100 catties-., 10 0 0 0 Silk, piece goods, pongees, shawls, scarfs, crape, satin, gauze, velvet, and embroidered goods, per 100 catties ----------------- 12 0 0 0 Silk, piece goods, Szechuen and Shantung, per 100 catties.-.. 4 5 0 0 Silk, tassels, per 100 catties 10 0 0 0 Silk caps, per hundred -.-.... -.. —. —.- -............ 0 9 0 0 Silk and cotton mixtures, per 100 catties..... —......-.. 5 5 0 0 Silver and gold ware, per 100 catties. —-—.-.-.. —. —. — - -.-.. 10 0 0 0 Snuff, per 100 catties-......,............. 0 8 0 0 Soy, per 100 catties -------------------------—.-...........0 4 0 0 Straw braid, per 100 catties............0 7 0. 0 Sugar, brown, per 100 catties —. —..- -.., —. — - -.. —.............0 1 2 0 Sugar, white, per 100 catties.-....... 0 2 0 0 Sugar candy, per 100 catties 0 2 5 0 Tallow, animal, per 100 catties.........................................0 2 0 0 0 0 Tallow, vegetable, per 100 catties. —.......................0 3 0 0 Tea, per 100 catties- 2 —....................................... 5 0 0 Tin-foil, per 100 catties................................................ 1 2 5 0 Tobacco, prepared, per 100 catties...................................... 0 4 5 0 Tobacco, leaf, per 100 catties ------------------------------ 0 1 5 0 Tortoise-shell ware, per catty. —-—.. —-...- -.....,-.-...-...- 0 2 0 0 Trunks, leather, per 100 catties-...-.- -.- -...........,.............. 1 5 0 0 Turmeric, per 100 catties-0 1 00 Twine, hemp, Canton, per 100 catties...................................0 1 5 0 Twine, hemp, Soochow, per 100 catties,....,,-. 0 5 0 0 Turnips, salted, per 100 cattics-.- -...-.., — -...................0 1 8 0 Varnish, or crude lacquer, per 100 catties.,- --—.- -.-.. - - -..... 0 5 0 0 Vermicelli, per 100 catties......................-..........0 1. 0 Vermilion, per 100 catties..2 5 0 0 Wax, white or insect, per 100 catties.-1 5 0 0 Wood, piles, poles, and joists, each-......I —------ - 0 0 3 0 Wood ware, per 100 catties 1 5 0 Wool, per 100 catties........-..-........0 3'5 0 [SEAL.] WILLIAM B. REED. RULE I. Regulations of trade. Unenumeratcd goods. Rule 1. Articles not enumerated in the list of exports, but enumerated in the list of imports, Uuenumer a t o d when exported, shall pay the amount of duty set against them in the list of imports; goods. and similarly, articles not enumerated in the list of imports, but enumerated in the list of exports, when imported, will pay the amount of duty set against them in the list of exports. Articles not enumerated in either list, nor in the list of duty free goods, shall pay an ad valorem duty of five per cent., calculated upon their market value. 144 PUBLIC TREATIES. Rule 2. RULE II. Dzty-frece goods. Goods, duty free. Gold and silver bullion, foreign coins, flour, Indian-meal, sago, biscuit, preserved meats, and vegetables. Cheese, butter, confectionery. Foreign clothing, jewelry, plated ware, perfumery, soap of all kinds. Charcoal, firewood, candles, (foreign,) tobacco, (foreign,) cigars, (foreign.) Wine, beer, spirits, household stores, ship's stores, personal baggage, stationery, carpeting, druggeting, cutlery, foreign medicines, and glass and crystal ware. The above commodities pay no import or export duty; but, if transported into the interior, will, with the exception of personal baggage, gold and silver bullion, and foreign coins, pay a transit duty~ at the rate of two and a half per cent. ad valorem. A freight or partfreight of duty-free goods (personal baggage, gold and silver bullion, and foreign coins excepted) will render the vessel carrying them, though no other cargo be on board, liable to tonnage dues. Rule 3. RULE III. Contraband goods. Contraband. Import and export trade is alike prohibited in the following articles: Gunpowder, shot, cannon, fowling-pieces, rifles, muskets, pistols, and all other munitions and implements of war, and salt. RULE IV. Rule 4. RULE IV. Weights and measures. W igh t s and In the calculations of the tariff the weight of a pecul of one hundred catties is held measures. to be equal to one hundred and thirty-three and one-third pounds avoirdupois, and the length of a chang of ten Chinese feet to be equal to one hundred and forty-one English inches. One Chinese chih is held to equal fourteen and one-tenth inches English, and four yards English, less three inches, to equal one chang. Rule 5. RULE V. Regarding certain commodities heretofore contraband. Restrictions r o- The restrictions affecting trade in opium, cash, grain, pulse, sulphur, brimstone, saltlaxed on- petre, and spelter, are relaxed under the following conditions: Opium. 1. Opium will henceforth pay thirty taels per pecul import duty. The importer will sell it only at the port. It will be carried into the interior by Chinese only, and only as Chinese property; the foreign trader will not be allowed to accompany it. The provision of the treaty of Tien-tsin, conferring privileges by virtueof the most favored clause, so far as respects citizens of the United States going into the interior to trade or paying transit duties, shall not extend to the article of opium, the transit duties on which will be arranged as the Chinese Government see fit; nor in future revisions of the tariff is the same rule of revision to be applied to opium as to other goods. Copper cash. 2. Copper cash.-The export of cash to any foreign port is prohibited; but it shall be lawful for citizens of the United States to ship it at one of the open ports of China to another on compliance with the following regulation: The shipper shall give notice of the amount of cash he desires to ship, and the port of its destination, and shall bind himself, either by a bond with two sufficient sureties, or by depositing such other security as may be deemed by the customs satisfactory, to return, within six months from the date of clearance, to the collector at the port of shipment, the certificate issued by him, with-an acknowledgment thereon of the receipt of the cash at the port of destination by the collector at that port, who shall thereto affix his seal; or, failing the production of the certificate, to forfeit a sum equal in value to the cash shipped. Cash will pay no duty inwards or outwards, but a freight, or part freight of cash, though no other cargo be on board, will render the vessel carrying it liable to tonnage dunes. Rice and other 3. The export of rice and all other grains whatsoever, native or foreign, no matter grains. where grown or whence imported, to any foreign port, is prohibited; but these commodities may be carried by citizens of the United States from one of the open ports of China to another, under the same conditions in respect of security as cash, on payment at the port of shipment of the duty specified in the tariff. No import dunty shall be levyable upon rice or grain, but a freight or part freight of rice or grain, though no other cargo be on board, will render the vessel importing it liable to tonnage clues. Pulse and bean 4. Pulse.-The export of pulse and bean cake from Tang-Chau, and Nin-Chwang, cake. under the American flag is prohibited. From any of the other open ports they may be shipped, on payment of the tariff daty, either to other ports of China or to foreign countries. Saltpetre, s u l- 5. Saltpetre, sulphur, brimstone, and spelter, being deemed by the Chinese to be phur, &c. munitions of war, shall not be inmported by citizens of the Unitecd States save at the requisition of the Chinese Governmcent, or for sale to Chinese duly authorized to purchase them. No permit to land them shall be issued until the customs have proof that CHINA, 1858. 145 the necessary authority has been given to the purchaser. It shall not be lawful for citizens of the United States to carry these commodities up the Yang-tsz-Kiang, or into any port other than those open on the sea-board, nor to accompany them into the interior on behalf of Chinese. They must be sold at the ports only, and, except at the ports, they will be regarded as Chinese property. Infractions of the conditions, as above set forth, under which trade in opium, cash, Confiscation. grain, pulse, sulphur, brimstone, saltpetre, and spelter may be henceforward carried on, will be punishable by confiscation of all the goods concerned. RULE VI. Rule 6. Liability of vessels entering lport. For the prevention of misunderstanding, it is agfreed that American vessels must be Liabilities of vesreported to the Consul within twenty-four hours, counting from the time the vessel sels entering port. comes within the limits of the port, and that the same rule be applied to the fortynig(ht hours allowed by art. 19 of the treaty to remain in port without payment of toncage dues. T lie iimits of the ports shall be defined by the customs, with all consideration for Limits of ports. the convenience of trade, compatible with due protection of the revenue; also, the limits of the auchorages within which ladinlg and discharging are permitted by the custjoms, and the same shall be notified to the Consuls for public information. RULE VII. Rule 7. Transit dues. it is agreed that the amount of transit dues legally levyable upon merchandise im- Transit dues. ported or exported shall be one-half the tariff duties, except in the case of the duty free goods liable to a transit duty of two and a half per cent. ad valorem, as provided in No. 2 of these rules. Merchandise shall be cleared of its transit dues under the following regulations: In the case of imports. Notice being given at the port of entry froml which thle imr- Imports. ports are to be forwarded inland of the nature and quantity of the goods, the ship from which they have been landed, and the place inland to which they are bound, with all other necessary particulars, the collector of customs shall, on due inspection made, and on receipt of the transit duty due, issue a transit duty certificate. This must be produced at every barrier station, and vis6ed. No further duty will be levyable upon imports so certificated, no matter how distailt the place of their destination. In the case of exports. Produce purchased by a citizen of the United States in the Exports. interior wiil be inspected and taken account of at the first barrier it passes on its way to the port of shipment. A memorandum showing the amount of the produce, and the port at which it is to be shipped, will be deposited there by the person in charge'of the produce..He will then receive a certificate, which must be exhibited and vis6ed at every barrier on his way to the port of shipment. On the arrival of the produce at the barrier nearest the port notice must be given to the customs at the port, and the transit dues due thereon being paid it will be passed. On exportation the produce will pay the tariff duty. Any attempt to pass goods inward or outward, otherwise than in compliance with Penalty for viothe rule here laid down, will render them liable to confiscation. Unauthorized sale in lation of rules. transitu of goods that have been entered as above for a port will render them liable to confiscation. Any attempt to pass goods in excess of the quantity specified in the certificate will render all the goods of the same denomination named in the certificate liable to confiscation. Permission to export produce which cannot be proved to have paid its transit, dues will be refused by the customs until the transit dues shall have been paid. RULE VIII. Rule 8. Trade with the capital. It is agreed that no citizen of the United States shall have the privilege of entering Trade with the the capital city of Peking for the purposes of trade. capital. RuLE IX. Rule 9. Abolition of the meltage fee. It is agreed that the percentage of one tael, two mace hitherto charged, in excess of Meltage fee. duty payments, to defray the expenses of melting by the Chinese Government, shall no longer be levied on citizens of the United States. RULE X. Rule 10. Collectionl of ahties nuder one system at all ports. It being, by treaty, at the option of the Chinese Government to adopt what means C ol 1 e c t i on of appear to it, best suited to protect its revenue accruing on American trade, it is agreed duties. that one uniform system shall be enforced at every port. R S IV -10 i46 PUBLIC TRrATlIES. Superintend e n t The high officer appointed by the Chinese Government to superintend foreign trade of foreign trade. will accordingly, fronm time to time, either himself visit, or will send a deputy to visit, the different ports. The said high officer will be at liberty of his own choice, indeSmuugglin~g pendenuly of the suggestion or nomination of any American authority, to select any tfi ~ citizen of the United States he mtay see fit to aid him in the administration of the customs revenue, in the prevention of smuggling, in the definition of port, boundaries, Lights, beacons, or in discharging the dluties of harbor-master; also in the distribution of lights, buoys, &cT. beacons, and the like, the maintenance of which shall be provided for out of the tonnarge'dclus. The Chinese Government will adopt what measures it shall find requisite to prevent smuggling up the Yang-tsz-Kiang, when that river shall be open to trade. [SEAL. WILLIAM B. R.EED. CHI~NA, 1858. Nov. 8, SUPPLEMENTAL CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMER_ov.__, __. ICA AND THE TA TSING EMPIRE FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT SHANGHAI NOVEMBER 8, 1858; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 1, 1859; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 3, 1859. [The arrangement mnade at Tien-Tsin, and called a convention in the preamble to this convention, was made through the medium of correspondence. For this and other reasons the supplemental convention was entered into. This convention is, therefore, in substance, the perfect treaty.] Preamble. In order to carry into effect the convention made at Tien-tsin by the High Commissioners and Plenipotentiaries respectively representing the United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire, for the satlisfaction of claims of American citizens, by which it was agreed that onefifth of all tonnage, import and export duties, paytable on Atnerican ships and goods shipped in American vessels at the ports of Canton, Shanghai, and Fuh-chau, to an amount not exceeding six hundred thousand taels, should be applied to that end; and the Pleniipotentiary of the United States, actuated by a friendly feeling towards China., is wiiling, on behalf of the United States, to reduce the amount needed for such claims to an aggregate of five hundred thousand taels, it is now expressly agreed by the high contracting parties in the form of a supplemnentary convention, as follows: ARTICLE I. Liquidation of That on the first day of the next Chinese year the collectors of cusclainms of American tomns at the said three ports shall issue debentures to the amount of five citizellns. hundred thousand taels, to be delivered to such persons as may be named by the Minister or chief diplomatic officer of the Unlited States in China, and it is agreed that the anmount shall be distributed as follows: Three hundred thousand taels at Canton, one hundred thousand taels at Shanghai, and one hundred thousand taels at Fuh ch'anl,U whichl shall be received in payment of one-fifth of the tonnage, export and im~port duties on American ships, or goods in American ships at the said ports, and it is agreed that this amounlt shall be in full liquidation of all claims of American citizens at the various ports to this date. Sign.atnren. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire, that is to say, on the part of tile United States, Williamn B. Reed, Envoy Extraordinary and M'inister Plenipotenti-ary, and otn the part of the Ta Tsing Emnpire, Kweiliang, a mnember of the Privy Council, Captain-General of the Pilain White Banner Division of the Manchu Bannermen and Superintendent of the Board of Punishments; and Hfwashana, Classical RBeadler at Balnquets, President of the Boa-rd of Civil Office, Captain-General of the Borldere Blue Banner Division of the Chinese Baanermenll, both of themn Pleaipotentiaries, with llo-Kwei-tsing, Governor-Geaneral of the two Kiang Prosvinces, President of the Board of War, and Guardiar of th f HeiAipi)partll; Minilgslhen, President, of the Oirdnance Oifice of the Ilmuperia.l CHINA, 1868. 147 Household, with the Insignia of the Second Grade; anld Twan, a titular President of the Fifth Grade, member of the Establishment of the General Council, and one of the junior under Secretaries of the Board of Punishments, all of them special Imperial Commissioners deputed for the purpose, have signed and sealed these presents. Done at Shanghai, this eighth day of November, in the year of our Date~ Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and of the Independ) ence of the United States the eighty-third, and' in the eighth year of Heinfung, the tenthi month and third day. [SEAL.] WILLIAM B. REED. 9 KWEILIANG. HWASIANA. [SEAL.] { HO-KWEI-TSING. MINGSHEN. &TWAN. C HINA, 1868. ADDITIONAL ARTICLES TO THE TREATY OF JUNE 18, 1858, BETWEEN THEE July 28,1868. UNITED STATES AND CHINA; FIRST CONCLUDED JULY 4, 1868; RATIFI-' CATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENTS, JULY 24, 18(68; SENATE'S AMENDMENTS INCORPORATED AND THE ARTICLES FINALLY CONCLUDED Ar WASHINGTON JULY 28, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT OCTOBER 19, 1868; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT PEKING NOVEMBER 23, 1869; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 5, 1870. Additional articles to the treaty between the United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire of the 18th of June, 1858. Whereas since the conclusion of the treaty between the United States Preamble. of America and the Ta Tsing Empire (China) of the 18th of June, 158, [See pp. 129-137.1 circumstances have arisen showing the necessity of additional articles thereto, the President of the United States and the August Sovereign Contracting parof the Ta Tsing Empire, have named for their Plenipotelntiaries to wit: ties. The President of the United States of America WVilliam H. Seward, Negotialtors. Secretary of State, and His Mtajesty the Emperor of China, Anson.Burlingame, accredited as his Envoy Extraordinary and Miirister Plenipotentiary, and Chih-Kang and Sun Chia-Ku, of the second Chinese rank, associated High Envoys and Ministers of his said Majesty; and the said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. His Majesty the Emperor of China, being of the opinion that, in making Construction of concessions to the citizens or subjects of foreign powers of the privilege cone s i o ns b y of residing on certain tracts of land, or resorting to certain waters of China. that empire for purposes of trade, he has by no means relinquished his right of eminent domalin or dominion over the said land amnd waters, Eminent domain hereby agrees that no such concession or grant shall be construed to give of Em p c r o r o f to any power. or party which may be at war with or hostile to the United Chished.na not relinStates the right to attack the citizens of the United States or their property within the said lands or waters. Alnd the United States, for themselves, hereby agreeto abstain from offensively attacking t}he citizens pon citiz-s o f or subjects of any power or party or their property with which they may United States. be at war on any such tract of land or waters of the said empire. But nothing in this article shall be construed to prevent the United States fromn resisting an attack by any hostile power or party upon their citizens or their property. It is further agreed that if trny right or interest in Jurisdiction of any tract of land in China hlas been or shall hereafter be granted by the Clhinese,authori-'Gox~ernment of Cir~ t~ tl UnteclStae, r teircitieneties. Government of China to the United States or their citizens for purposes 148 PUBLIC TRIEATIES. of trade or commerce, that gran t shall in no event be construed to divest the Chinese authorities of their right of jurisdliction over persons andll property within said tract of land, except so thr as that right may have been expressly relinquished by treaty. ARTICLE IL. Un stipul ated The United States of America and His 1M[ajesty the Emperor of China, privileges. believing that the safety and prosperity of commnerce will thereby best be promoted, agree that any privilege or immunity in respect to trade or navigation within the Chinese dominions which may not have been stipulated for by treaty, shall be subject to the discretion of the Chinese Government and may be regulated by it accordingly, but not in a manlmer or spirit incompatible with the treaty stipulations of the parties. ARTICLE III. Chinese consuls, The Emperor of China shall have the right to appoint Consuls at &c. ports of the United States, who shall enjoy the same privileges and irmmnunities as those which are enjoyed by public law and treaty in the United States by the Consuls of Great Britain and Riussia, or either of them. ARTICLE IV. Liberty of co n- The 29th article of the treaty of the 18th of June, 1858, having stipa-;C C1CO,. luated for the exemption of Christian citizens of the United States and [See Art i le Chinese converts from persecutions in China on account of their faith, XI XIX, tlreatyl of, is88, p. 136.] it is further agreed that citizens of the United States in China of every religious persuasion, and Chinese subjects in the United States, shall enjoy entire liberty of conscience, and shall be exempt fronm all (isability or persecution on account of their religious faith or worship in either Cemeteries. country. Cemeteries for sepulture of the detad, of whatever nativity or nationality, shall be held in respect and free from disturbance or plrofanation. ARTICLE V. Right of volun- The United States of America and the Emperor of China cordially ta rl y emigration recognize the inherent and inalienable right of man to change his home recognized. and allegiance, and also the mutual advantage of the free migration and emigration of their citizens and subjects respectively from the one country to the other for purposes of curiosity, of trade, or as permanent Involuntary em- residents. The high contracting parties therefore join in reprobating igration to be pro- any other than an entirely voluntary emigration for these purposes. hibi~tedl. They consequently agree to pass laws making it a penal offence tor a citizen of the United States or Chinese subjects to take Chinese subjects either to the United States or to any other foreign country, or for a Chinese subject or citizen of the United States to take citizens of the United States to China or to any other foreign country without their free and voluntary consent, respectively. ARTICLE VI. Privileges of res- Citizens of the United States visiting or residing in China shall enjoy idents. the same privileges, immunities or exemptions in respect to travel or residence as may there be enjoyed by the citizens or subljects of the most favored nation; and, reciprocally, Chiniese subjects visiting or residing in the United States shall enjoy the same privileges, immunities, and exemptions in respect to travel or residence as may there be enjoyed by the citizens or slubjecs of the most favored nation. But nothing hereinl contained shall be held to confer naturalization upon citizens of the United States in China, nor upon the subjects of China ill tlhle Ullitedl Stacltes. CHrIN, S168. 149 ARTICLE VII. Citizens of the United States shall enjoy all the privileges of the pub- E du c a t i O 11al lie educational institutions under the control of the Government of privileges. China; and, reciprocally, Chinese subjects shall enljoy all the privileges of the public educational institutions under the control of the Government of the JUnited States, which are enjoyed in the respective countries by the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. The citizens of Maintenance of the United States may freely establish and maintain schools withilln the schools. Empire of China at those places where foreigners are by treaty permitted to reside; and reciprocally, Chinese subjects may enjoy the same privileges and immunities in the United States. ARTICLE VIII. The United States, always disclaimng and diiscouraging all practices Non-intervention of unnecessary dictation and intervention by one nation in the affairs orks i t h I t C r in a 1 or domestic aduministration of another, do hereby freely disclaim and works ihia. disavow any intention or right to intervene in the domestic administration of China in regard to the construction of railroads, telegraphs, or other material internal improvements. On the other hand, His lMajesty the Emperor of China reserves to himself the right to decide the time and manner and circumstances of introducing such improvements within his dominions. With this mutual understanding, it is agreed by the contracting parties that if at any time hereafter His Imperial Majesty shall. determine to construct or cause to be constructed works of the character mentioned, within the empire, and shall make application to the United States or any other western power for facilities to carry out that policy, the United States will, in that case, designate and authorize suitable engineers to be employed by the Chinese Government, and will recommend to other nations an equal compliance with such application, the Chinese Government in that case protecting such engineers in their persons and property and pa,ying them a reasonable compensation for their services. in faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Signatures. treaty and thereto affixed the seals of their arms. Done at Washington the twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight. [SEAL. WILLIA-I[M H. SEWARD. ANSON BUIRLINGAME. [SEAL.] CHIIH-KANG. SUN CHIA-KU. 150 PUBLIC TREATIES. COLOMBITA. [The Republic of Colombia was divided in November, 1831, into the three independent republics of Now Granada, Venezuela, and Ecuador. In 1862 New Granada, changed its name to the United States of Colombia.] _ Oct. 3,1824. COLOMBIA, 1824. CONVENTION OF PEACE, AMITY, NAVIGATION, AND COMMERCE, WITH COLOMBIA; CONCLUDED AT BOGOTA OCTOBER 3i, 1824; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 3, 1825; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 7, 1825; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MAY 27, 1825; PROCLAIMED MAY 31, 1825. [ This convention termninated by its own limitation October 3, 1836.] General Convention of Peace, Amity, Navigation, and Commerce, between the United States of America and the lRepublic of Colombia. In the name of God, Author and Legislator of the Universe. Contracting par- The United States of America, and the Republic of Colombia, desirties. ing to make lasting and firm the friendship and good understandiLng which happily prevails between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the ono, and the other, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and naviga-tion. Negotiators. For this most desirable object, the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on Richard Clough Anderson, junior, a citizen of the said States, and their Minister Plenipotentiary to the said Republic; and the Vice-President of the Republic of Colombia, charged with the executive power, on Pedro Gual, KSecretary of State and of Foreign Relations, who, after having exchanged their said full powers in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friendship. ship between the United States of America and the Republic of Colombia, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE IL1 Favors granted The United States of America and the Republic of Colombla desiring to other nations to to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE III. Privileges of Th1e citizens of the United States may frequent all the coasts and residents. countries of the Republic of Colombia, and reside anl trade there, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and nmerchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, than the most favored COLWLOMBIA, 1.824. 1 1 nation is or shall be obliged to pa y; and they shall enjoy all the rights. privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce which the most favored nation does or,shall enijoy, submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees, anld usages there established, and to which are submitted the subjects and citizens of the most favored nations. In like manner the citizens of the IRepublic of Colombia may frequent all the coasts and countries of the United States, and reside and trade there, in all sorts of produlce, manufactures, and merchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever than the most fir-ored nation is or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and( commerce, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, submitting theamselves, nevertheless, to the iaws, decrees, and usages there established, and to which are submitted the subjects and citizens of the most favored nations. AARTICLE IV. It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, Right to manage commanders of ships, and other citizens of both countries, to manage bisiiiess&C. themselves their own business in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise b5 wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships, they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a tooting with the su)jects or citizens of the most favored nation. AR TICLE V. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to any Embargo or deembargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandises, or tention. effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnification. ARTICL;E VI. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shalll be Vessels in disforced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions tress. of the other, with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procurinlg provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE VIL. All the ships, merchandise, and efficts belonging to the citizens of Captures by pione of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, rates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the hligh seas, and ma.y be carried or ibfound in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions, of the other, siall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper form. their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the )parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of the respective Governments. ARITICLE VIII. When an1y vessel belontging to the citizens of either of the contractino' Wrck ed a n C parties shall be wrecked, foundered d or shall suffer any dclama ge on tlh; dmagled vessels. coasts, or within the domnillions of the other. there shall be giveln to tlhem alI assistance and protection in the samne manner which is usua.; 152 PUBLIC TREATIES. and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandises and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, unt 1 they may be exported. ARTICLE IX. Personal prop- The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to diserty. pose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by sale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereoft either by themselves or others acting for then), and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country, wherein the said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases. Real estate. And if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs would be prevented fromn entering into the possession of the inheritance, on account of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt from all rights of detraction, on the part of the government of the respective States. ARITICLE X. Protection tocit- Both the cdntracting parties promise and engage formally to give their izens. special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each other of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary, with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ in defence of their rights such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials. ARTICLE XI. Security of con- It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of conscience. science shall be enjoyed by the citizens of both the contracting parties in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usagfes Rights of burial. of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the c(ontracting parties, who may die in the.territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying grounds, or in other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. A ARTICLE XII. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of Amrerica and of the Republic of Colombia to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandises before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens, of those who are enemies of both or either par1ty, without any oposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy, be COLOMBIA, 1824. 153 fore mentioned, to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemyn to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be tnder the jurisdiction of one power or under several. And it is hereby Free ships make stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, and that every- free goods. thing shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereo-f should appertain to the enemies of either. contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that, although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemies: Provided, however, and it is hereby agreed, that the stip- Limitation of the ulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall cover the priuciple. property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognized this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose governmen ts acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XIII. It is likewise agreed that in the case where the neutral flag of one of Neutralproperty the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the on enemys vessels. other, by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemies' vessels shall be leld and considered as enemies' property, and, as such, shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board'such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterward, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties fagree, that two months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. Onz the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandises, of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ship, shall be free. ARTICLE XIV. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contrabandartimerchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name cles. of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehendedFirst. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and granades, bombs, powvder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arins; Secondly. Bucklers, helmets, breast-plates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use; Thirdly. Cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture; Fourthly. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war by seca or land. ARTICIE XV. All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles Articles not conof contraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above, shall be traband. held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, exceptirng only those places which are at that time besieged or blocked up; and, to avoid all doubt in thlis particular, it is declarecd that those places Definition of only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a bel- blockade. ligerent force capable oif' preventing the entry of the neutral. 1i5;4 PUBLIC TrREAT.IES, ARTICLE XVI. Vessels carrying The articles of contraband, before enumerate d anclassified, whllicl con1tra~ba1nd1. lmay be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port, shall be subject to detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo a;ndl tlhe ship, that the owners may dispose of them. as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great and of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment according to law. ARTICLE XVII. Vessels trading And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place with blo cl a d e d belonging to an enemy, without knowing that the same is besieged, ports. blockadedl, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detaiined, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from the commandingofficer of the blockading forces, she shall againl attempt to enter; btit slhe shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either, that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor, if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XVIIi, Visit, ncd search In order to prevent all kinds of disorder in the visiting and examinaof neutral vessels. tion of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon shot, and may send it's boat with two or three men only in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall Tbe responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving.their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go onl board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XIX. Sea-letters for To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the neutsal vessels. papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do a(gree, that in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and( bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master.or commander of sa:id vessel, ill order that it mnay thereby aplpear tlhat thle shi Ip eally and trnly belonlgs to thme citizenlls of one of thle parties; they have li;kewrise agreed t;lat such shllips being laden, besides the said sea-letters or patss COLOMBI 8A, 4. 1855 ports, shall also be provided with certificattes containing the several. particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known 3whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out, by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed in the accustomed form; without which requisites said vessel may be detained to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XX. It is further agreed, that the stipulations above expressed relative to Vessels u nd er the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which COnVOY. sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and, when they are bound to an enenmy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXI. It is further agreed, that in all cases the established courts for prize Prize-courts and causes, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone decrees. take cognizance of thetn. And whenever such tribunal of either party shiall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods, or prop)erty claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motive on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of fill the proceedings in the case, shall, if deLanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXII. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with L e A t e r s o f another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a marque. commission, or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate. ARTICLE XXIII. If by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, Agree m en t in the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, case of war. they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coast and inl the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell ill the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States, and of the- Republic of Colombia, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humainity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXIV. Neither the debts du-e from indivriduals of tihe one nation to the imdi- Debts in time of viduals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys, which they may have in war. public fundls, nor in public or private balnks, shall ever, in ally event of war or of national cliffrence, be sequestered or confiscated. 15 5UPUBLIC T1R.LEATIES. ARTICLE XXV. Envoys, minis- Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality ters, &c. in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have a,greed, and do agree, to grant to the envoys, ministers, and other publie agents the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, imnmunities, or privileges the United States of America or the RLepublic of Colombia may find it proper to give to the ministers and public agents of any other power, shall by the same act be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXVI. C o n s n 1s a n d To make more effectual the protection which the United States and Vice-Consuls. the Republic of Colombia shall afiord in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to accept those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. ARTICmLE XXVII. Exequnaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and haviing obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXVIII. E x e mptions of It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and consular officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shalllI be exempt from all I)ul)lic service, and also from all kind of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of conmmerce, or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject, being in everything besides subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the Consulates shall be respected inlviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXIX. Deserters from The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition'of the registers, of the vessel's or ship's roll, or other pEublic documents, that those men were part of the said crews; and on this demand so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belongedl, or to others of the same nation. But if thley be not sent back within two mnonths, to be counted from the day of their arlrest, they shall be set at liberty, aucnd shall be no more arresteld tbr the same cause. COLOMBIA, 1824. 157 ARTICLE XXX. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consularconvennavigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon here- tion. after as circumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXI. The United States of America and the Republic of'Colombia, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following points: First. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the D l r a t i o n o f term of twelve years, to be counted from the day of the exchange of the treaty. ratifications, in all the parts relating to commerce anld navigation; and [See Article in all those parts which relate to peace and firiendship, it shall be per- XXXV, paratgra1t manently and perpetually binding on both powers; wii: Newt Graoaall, Secondly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall in- p. 559.] fringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held per- Infiringement of sonally responsible for the same, and the harmony and good corre- treaty. spondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted th'ereby, each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation; Thirdly. If, (what, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of ReprisalsI and the articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed d eltrati ois of in any other way whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the war. contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damiages, until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proof, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed; Fourthly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be con- Treatieswithothstrued to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with er nations not afother Sovereigns or States. fected. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation shall Ratifications. be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Colombia, with the consent and approbation of the Congress of the same, and the ratifications shatll be exchanged in the city of Washington within eight months, to be counted friom the date of the signature hereof, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof, we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Republic of Colombia, have signed and sealed these presents. Done in the city of Bogota, on the third day of October, in the year Date. of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-four, in the fortyninth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and tlhe fourteenth of that of the Republic of Cololnbia. [SEAL.] RICHARLD CLOUGH ANDERSON, JR. [SEAL.] PEDRO GUAL. 158 PUBLIC TREATIES. COLOMBIA, 1864. Feb. 10, 1864.. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES OF COLOMBIA, ADDITIONAL TO CLAIMS CONVENTION OF SEPTEMBER 10, 1857, WITH NEW GRANADA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON, FEBRUARY 10, 1864; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE< 10, 1864; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 9, 1864; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON AUGUST 19, 1865; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 19, 1865. Preamble. Whereas a convention for the adjustment of claims was concluded [See convention between the United States of America and the Republic of New Graof 1857, pp. 564, nada, in the city of Washington; on the 10th September, 1857, which 565*.] convention, as afterward amended by the contracting parties, was proclaimed by the President of the United States on the 8th November, 1860; And whereas the joint commission organized tnder the authority conferred by the preceding mentioned convention did fail, by reason of uncontrollable circumstances, to decide all the claims laid before them under its provisions, within the time to which their proceedings were limited by the 4th article thereof; Contracting par- The United States of America and the United States of Colombia — ties. the latter representing the late Republic of New Granada-are desirous that the time originally fixed for the duration of the commission should be so extended as to admit the examination and adjustment of such claims as were presented to but not settled by the joint commission aforesaid, and to this end have named Plenipotentiaries to agree upon Negotiators. the best mode of accomplishing this object, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, William H. Seward, Secretary of State of the United States of Amnerica, and the President of the United States of Colombia, Sefior Manuel Murillo, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of Colombia; Who, having exchanged their full powers, have agreed as follows: ARTICLE I. Extension of time The high contracting parties agree that the time limited in the confor termination of vention above referred to for the termination of the commission shall be claims commission. extended for a period not exceeding nine months from the exchange of ratifications of this convention, it being agreed that nothing in this article contained shall in any other wise alter the provisions of the convention above referred to; and that the contracting parties shall appoint commissioners' anew, and an umpire shall be chosen anew. in the manner and with the duties and powers respectively expressed in the said former convention. ARlTICLE II. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington as soon as possible. Signattures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. ~ Done at Washington this tenth day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. [SEAL.1 WM. HE. SEWARD. [SEAL.] M. MURILLO. COSTA RICA, 185s. 159 COSTA RICA. COSTA RICA, 1851. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, WITH COSTA July 10, 1851. RICA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JULY 10, 1851; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 11, 1852; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 25, 1852; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON TMAY 26, 1852; PROCLAIMED MAY 26, 1852. Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and, Navigation, between the United States of America and the Republic of Costa Rica. In the name of the Most Holy Trinity. Commercial intercourse having been for some time established be- Preamble. tween the United States and the Republic of Costa Rica, it seems good for the security as well as the encouragement of such commercial intercourse, and for the maintenance of good understanding between the United States and the said Republic, that the relations now subsisting between them should be regularly acknowledged and confirmed by the signature of a treaty of amn-ity, commerce and navigation. For this purpose they have named their respective plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Daniel Webster, Secretary of Negotiators. State, and his Excellency the President of the Republic of Costa Rica, Sefior Don Felipe Molina, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of that Republic to the United States; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be perpetual amity between the United States and their Perpetual amity. citizens on the one part, and the Government of the Republic of Costa Rica and its citizens on the other. ARTICLE II. There shall be, between all the territories of the United States and Reciprocal freethe territories of the Republic of Costa Rica a reciprocal freedom of dom of commere. commerce. The subjects and citizens of the two countries, respectively, shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are or may be permitted to come; to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part thereof, respectively; also to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce; and, generally, the merchants and traders of each nation, respectively, shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commerce; subjjeet always to the laws andl statutes of the two countries respectively. In like mlanner the respective ships of war and post-office packets of Ships of war and th1e two coun-tries shall havNTe liberty, fieely and securely, to conme to all post-office packets. halrbors, rivers, and l)laces to which other foreign ships of war ald packets are or may be permitted to come, to enter inLto the same, to anchor, and to remain there and refit; sulbject always to the laws and statutes of the two countries respectively. 160 PUBLIC TREqATIES. Coasting trade. By the right of entering the places, ports, and rivers mentioned inl this article, the privilege of carrying on the coasting trade is not understood; in which trade, national vessels only of the country where the trade is carried on are permitted to engage. ARTICLE III. Favors granted It being the intention of the two high contracting parties to bind to other nations to themselves, by the preceding articles, to treat each other on the footing of the most favored nation, it is hereby agreed between thelm, that any favor, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of cormerce and navigation, which either contracting party has actua.lly granted, or may hereafter grant, to the subjects or citizens of any other state, shall be extended to the subjects or citizens of the other high contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other nation shall have been gratuitous; or in return for a compensation as nearly as possible of proportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, if the concessions shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. Equality of dci- No higher nor other duties shall be imposed on the importation into t ies on t roice3 o f the territories of the United States of any article being of the growth, S e e Article produce; or manufacture of the lRepublic of Costa Rica, and no higher XlI1, p. 163.] or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of the Republic of Costa Rica of any articles being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the growth, produce, or man ufacture of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in the territories of either of the high contracting parties, on the exportation of any articles to the territories of the other, than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like articles Equality of pro- to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imp)osed upon hibitions. the exportation or importation of any articles the growth, produce, or mlanufacture of the territories of the United States, or of the Republic of Costa Rica, to or from the said territories of the United States, or to or from the Republic of Costa IRica, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARPTICLE V. Tonnage duties No higher nor other duties or payments on account of tonnage, of light Lnd other charges. or harbor dues, of pilotage, of salvage, in case either of damaige or ship1, See Article wreck, or on account of any other local charges, shall be imposed in any of the ports of the Republic of Costa Rica, on vessels of the Ulliited States, than those payable in the same ports by Costa Rican vessels; nor in any of the ports of the United States, on Costa Rican vessels, than shall be payable in the same ports on vessels of the United States. ARTICLE VI. Vessels of both The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the territories countries on t h e of the Republic of Costa Rica of any article being of thile growth, prosanle footinlg. duce, or manufacture of the territories of the United Sttates, whether X[ See Article such importation shall be made in Costa Rlican, or in vessels of the United States; and the same duties slhall be paid on the importation into the territories of the United States of any article being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Republic of Costa Rica, whether such importation shall be made in United States or in Costa Riiean vessels. Drawbacks and The same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties andl (lrawbacks ])oiunties. al!owed, on the exportation to the Repulblic of Costa Rica of alny articles being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the COSTA RICA. 1851. 16s1 United States, whether such exportations shall be made in Costa Rican or in United States vessels; and the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation of any articles being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Republic of Costa Rica to the territories of the United States, whether such exportation shall be made in United States or in Costa Rican vessels. ARTICLE VII. All merchants, commanders of ships, and others, citizens of the Privileges of resUnited States, shall hLtve full liberty, in all the territories of the Re- idcents. public of Costa. lica, to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they please, as broker, fictor, ageInt, or interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ any other persons in those capacities than those employed by Costa Ricans, nor to pay them any other salary or remuneration than such as is paid in like cases by Costa Rlican citizens; and absolute freedom shall be Freedom t o allowed in all cases to the buyer and seller to bargain and fix the price trade. of any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into or exported from the Republic of Costa Rica, as they shall see good, observing the laws and established customs of the country. The same privileges shall be enjoyed in the territories of the United States by the citizens of the.Republic of Costa Rica under the same conditions. The citizens of the high contracting parties shall reciprocally receive Access to courts and enjoy full and perfect protection for their persons and property, ofjustice. and shall have free and open access to the courts of justice in the said countries respectively, for the prosecution and defence of their just rights; and they shall be at liberty to employ, in all cases, the advocates, attorneys, or agents of whatever description, whom they may thinki proper, and they shall enjoy in this respect the salme rights and privileges therein as native citizens. ARTICLE VIII. in whatever relates to the police of the ports, the lading and unlading Equality of inof ships, the safety of merchandise, goods, and effects, the succession ternal duties, &c. to personal, estates by will or otherwise, and the disposal of personal property of every sort -and denomination, by sale, donation, exchange, testament, or in any other manner whatsoever, as also the administration of justice, the citizens of the two high contracting parties shall reciprocally enjoy the same privileges, liberties, and rights as native citizens, and they shall not be charged in any of these respects with any higher imposts or duties than those which are paid or mray be'paid by inative citizens; submitting, of course, tb the local laws and regulations of each country respectively. If any citizen of either of the two high contracting parties shall (lie I,testate propwithout will or testament in any of the territories of the other, the Con- erty. sul General or Consul of the nation to which the deceased belonged, or the representative of such Consul General or Consul in his absence, shall have the right to nominate curators to take charge of the property of the deceased, so far as the laws of the country will permit, for the benefit of the lawrful heirs and creditors of the deceased, giving proper notice of such nomination to the authorities of the country. ARTICLE IX. The citizens of the United States residing in the Republic of Costa Exemption from Rica, anid the citizens of the Republic of Costa Rica residing in the rmilitary service, United States, shall be exempted from all compulsory military service &c. whatsoever, either by sea or by land, and from all forced loans or military exactions or requisitions; and they shall not be compelled, undler ally pretext whatsoever, to pay other ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes greater than those that are paid by native citizens of the contractillng parties respectivnely. R S IV 11 162 PUBLIC TR-EATIES. ARTICLE X. Consuls andl di- It shall be free for each of the two high contracting parties to appoint plomatic agents. Consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in any of the territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such, he shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and either of the high contracting parties may except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as they judge fit to be excepted. The Costa Rican diplomatic agents and Consuls shall enjoy in. the territories of the United States whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or shall be granted to agents of the same rank belonging to the most favored nation; and, in like manner, the diplomatic agents and Consuls of the United States in the Costa Rican territories shall enjoy, according to the strictest reciprocity, whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or may be granted in the Republic of Costa Rica to the diplomatic agents and Consuls of the most favored nation. ARTICLE XI. Agreement in For the better security of commerce between the citizens of the case of war. United States and the citizens of the Republic of Costa Rica, it is agreed, that if at any time any interruption of friendly intercourse, or any rupture should unfortunately take place between the two high contracting parties, the citizens of either of the two high contracting parties who may be within any of the territories of the other, shall, if residing upon the coast, be allowed six months, and if in the interior, a whole year to wind up their accounts and dispose of their property; and a safe-conduct shall be giyen them to embark at the port which they themselves shall select; and even in the event of a rupture, all such citizens of either of the two high contracting parties who are established in any of the territories of the other, in the exercise of any trade or special employment, shall have the privilege of remaining and of continning such trade and employment therein without any manner of interruption, in the full enjoyment of their liberty and property, as long as they behave peaceably, and commit no offence against the laws; andt their goods and effects, of whatever description they may be, whether in their own custody or intrusted to individuals or to the State, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, nor to any other charges or demands than those which'may be made upon the like effects or property belonging to the native citizens of the country in which such citizens may reside. In the same case, debts between individuals, property in public funds, and shares of companies, shall never be confiscated, sequestered, nor detained. ARTICLE XII. Protection to cit- The citizens of the United States and the citizens of the Republic of izens. Costa Rica, respectively, residing in any of the territories of the other party, shall enjoy in their houses, persons, and properties the protection of the Government, and shall continue in possession of the guarSecurity of'con- antees which they now enjoy. They shall not be disturbed, molested, science. or annoyed in any manner on account of their religious belief, nor in the proper exercise of their religion, either within their own private houses or in the places of worship destined for that purpose, agreeably to the system of tolerance established in the territories of the two high coDtracting parties; provided they respect the religion of the nation in which they reside, as well as the constitution, laws, and customs of the Righlts ofbnril. collntry. Liberty shall also be granted to bury the citizeins of either oft the two high contracting parties who may die in the 1terri;tories a-ores-id in burial-places of their cown, which in the same manner nmay be ifeeiy establishecl and maintained; nor shall the funerals or sepulchres of the lead be disturbed in any wayr or upon any account. COSTA RICA, 1860. 163 ARTICLE XII[. In order that the two high contracting parties may have the oppor- D u ration of tunity of hereafter treating and agreeing upon such other arrangements treaty. as may tend still further to the improvement of their mutual intercourse, and to the advancement of the interests of their respective citizens, it is agreed that, at any time after the'expiration of seven years fromn the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, either of the high contlracting parties shall have the right of giving to the other party notice of its intention to terminate Articles IV, V, and VI, of the present treaty; and that, at the expiration of twelve months after such notice shall have been received by either party from the other, the said articles, and all the stipulations contained therein, shall cease to be binding on the two high contracting parties. ARTICLE XIiV. The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be ex- Ratifications. changed at WTashington or at San Jos6 de Costa Rica, within the space of one year, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. same and have affixed thereto their respective seals. Done at Washington this tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord Date. one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. DAI'L WEBSTEiR. [SEAL.] F, NMOLk NA. [SEAL.] COSTA RlICA, 1860. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RE- July 2, 1860. PUBLIC OF COSTA RICA, FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT SAN JOSE JULY 2, 1860; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 16, 1861; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 21, 1861; TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE MARCH 12, 1861; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON NOVEMBER 9, 1861; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 11, 1861. Convention for the adjustment of claims of citizens of the Unnited States against the Government of the Republic of Costa' Rica. The United States of America and the Republic of C(osta tRica, desir- Contracting paring to adjust the claims of citizens of said States against Costa Rica in ties. such a manner as to cement the good understanding and friendly relations now happily subsisting between the two Republics, have resolved to settle such claims by means of a convention; and, for that purpose, appointed and conferred full powers, respectively, to wit: The President of the United States, on Alexander Dimitry, Minister' Negotiators. Resident of said United States in the Republic of Costa RIica, and his Excellency -the Constitutional President of said BRepublic of Costa Rica, on Manuel Jos6 Carazo and Francisco Maria Yglesias; who, upon an exchange of their plenary powers, which were found in good and proper forma, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE IL It is agreed that all claims of citizens of the United States, upon Clai.ms to be referred to board of the Government of Costa Rica, arising from injries to their persons, or commissioners, damages to their property, under any form whatsoever, through the action of authorities of the Republic of Costa Rica, statements of which, solicitiang the interposition of the Goverinment of the United States, have been presented to the Departmnent of State at Washingtol, 1 64 PUBLIC TRIlAT'tIES. or to the diplomatic agents of said United States at'San Jose, of Costa tRica, up to the date of the signature of this convention, shall, together with the documents in proof, on which they may be founded, be referred to a board of commissioners, consisting of two members, who shall be commissioners, appointed'in the following manner: one by the Government of the how appointed. United States of America, and one by the Government of the Republic of Costa Rica: Provided, however, That no claim of any citizen of the United States, who may be proved to have been a belligerent during the occupation of Nicaragua by the troops of Costa Rica, or the exercise of authority, by the latter, within the territory of the former, shall be considered as one proper for the action of the board of commissioners herein provided for. Vacancies in corn- In case of the death, absence, or incapacity of either commissioner, mission, how filled. or in the event of either commissioner's omitting or ceasing to act, the Government of the United States of America, or that of the Republic of Costa Rica, respectively, or the minister of the latter, in the United States, acting by its direction, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy thus occasioned. ARTICLE II. When and where The commissioners so named shall meet at the city of Washington, co'mmissioners to within ninety days from the exchange of the ratifications of this conmeet. vention; and, before proceeding to business, they shall, each of them, exhibit a solemn oath, made andlsubscribed before a competent authority, that they will carefully examine into, and impartially decide, according to the principles of justice and of equity, and to the stipulations of treaty, upon all the claims laid before them, under the provisions of this convention, by the Government of the United States, and in accordance with such evidence as shall be submitted to them on the part of said'United States and of the Republic of Costa Rica, respectively. And their oath, to such effect, shall be entered upon the record of their proceedings. Selection of umr- Said commissioners shall then proceed to name an arbitrator, or umpire. pire, to decide upon any case or cases concerning which they may disagree, or upon any point or points of difference which may arise in the course of their proceedings. And if they cannot agree in the selection, the arbitrator or umpire shall be appointed by the minister of Htis Majesty the King of the Belgians, to the United States, whom the two high contracting parties shall invite to make such appointment, and whose selection shall be conclusive on both parties. ARTICLE IlL Mode of proce- The arbitrator, or umpire, being appointed, the commissioners shallo, dure of comrnis- without delay, proceed to examine and determine the claims which may SiLOW1'nS. hobe presented to them, under the provisions of this convention, by the Government of the United States, as stated in the preceding article; and they shall hear, if required, one person in behalf of each Government, on every separate claim. Eaoh Govern- Each Government shall furnish, upon request of either of the compers intto refuard to i- issioners, such papers in its possession as may be deemed important cla i]ims, ll.l to to the just determination of any claims of citizens of the United States, referred to the board, under the provisions of the first article. Amount of in- In cases, whether touching injuries to the person, limb, or life of any decmnity..said citizens, or damages committed. as stipulated in the first article, against their property, in which the commissioners may agree to award an indemnity, they shall determine the amount to be paid. In cases in which said commissioners cannot agree, the points of difference shall be referred to the arbitrator, or umpire, before whomr each of the cornmrnissioners may be heard, and his decision shall be final. COSTA RICA, 1860. 1 65 APTICLE IV. The commissioners shall issue certificates of the sums to be paid to Mcdleof ptaymnut the claimants, respectively, whether by virtue of the awards agreed to of' indeuity t o between themselves, or of those muade by them, in pursuance of decis- laimants ions of the arbitrator, or umpire; and the a.ggrega.te amount of said sums, decreed by the certificates of award made by the commissioners, in either manner above indicated, and of the sums also accruing from such certificates of awardl as the arbitrator, or umpire, may, under the authority hereinafter conferred by the seventh article, have made and [Se Ar t i c 1 issued, with the rate of interest stipulated in the present article, in favor of any claimant, or claimants, shall be paid to the Government of the United States, in the city of Washington, in equal semi-annual instalments. It is, however, hereby agreed, by the contracting parties; When first; inthat the payment of the first instalment shall be made eight months S ti e n t to b)e from the termination of the labors of the- commission; and, after such Subseqpei t infirst pa~yment, the second, and each succeeding one, shall be made semi- stullbnqut. -annually, counting froim the date of the first payment; and the whole piaymlent of such aggregate amount, or almounts, shall be perfected within the term of ten years from the termination of said commission; and each of said sums shall bear interest (also payable semi-annually) at the Interest. rate of six per cent. per annum, from the day on which the awvards, respectively, will have been decreed. To meet these paymnents, the Government of the Republic of Costa P rovision by RPica hereby specially appropriates fifty per cent. of the net proceeds of Costa Rica to meet the revenues arising from the austoms of the said Republic; but if such pymts. ap)propriation should prove insufficient to make the payments as anbove stilpulated, the Government of said Republic binds itself to provide other means for that purpose. ARTICLE V. The commission herein provided shall terminate its labors in nine Termination of months from and including the day of its organization. They shall commission. keep an accurate record of all their proceedings, and - they may appoint V1]Se e Article a secretary, versed in the knowledge of the English and of the Spanish languages, to assist in the transaction of their business. And, for the conduct of such business, they are hereby authorized to make all necessary and lawful rules. ARTICLE VIo The proceedings of this commission shall be final amid conclusive with Proceedings o f respect to all the claims of citizens of the United States, which, having clusive. c accrued prior to the date of this convention, may be brought before it for adjustment; and the United States agree forever to release the Gov- Costa Rica reernment of the Republic of Costa Rica from. any further accountability leas for claims which shall be rejected, either by the board of commissioners, [See Article IV] or by the arbitrator or umpire aforesaid; or for such as, being allowed by either the board or the umpire, the Government of Costa Rica shall have provided for and satisfied in the manner agreed upon in. the fourth article. ART.ICLE VII. In the event, however, that upon the termination of the labors of said C a s e s pending commission stipulated for in the fifth article of this convention, any case before umpire at or cases should be pending before the umnpire, and awaiting his decision cterommissation. of the it is h. ereby understood and agreed by the two contracting parties that, though the board of commissioners may, by such limitation, have terluinated their action, said ulmpire is hereby authorized and eLImpowered to 1proceed to make his decision or awardI in s1ch ca8se otr 8cases pendin as 166 PUBLIC TREANTIES. aforesaid; and, upon his certificate thereof, in each case, transiitted to each of the two Governments, mentioning the amount -of indemnity, if such shall have been allowed by him, together with the rate of interest [See Article IV.] specified by' the fourth article, such decision or award shall be taklen and held to be binding and conclusive, and it shall work the same effect as though it had been made by both the comlnissioners under their own agreement, or by them upon decision of the case or of the cases, respeetively, pronounced by the umpire of said board, during the period preUmpire to decide scribed for its sessions: Provided, however, That a decision on every case in sixty days. that may be pending at the termination of the labors of the board shall be given by the umpirewithin sixty days from their final adjournment; and that at the expiration of the said sixty days, the authority and power hereby granted to said umpire shall cease. ARTICLE VIII3. Expenses of corn- Each government shall pay its own commissioner; but the umpire, as Ilis~sioll. well as the incidental expenses of the commission, including the defrayal of the services of a secretary, who may be appointed under the fifth article, shall be paid one-half by the United States, and the other half by the Republic of Costa Rica. ARTICLE IX. Ratifications. The present convention shall be approved and ratified by the Presi dent of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said States; and by the President of the Republic of Costa Rica, with the consent and, approbation of the Supreme Legislative Power of said Republic; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington, within the space of eight months from the date of the signature hereof,'or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof, and by virtue of our respective full powers, we, the undersigned, have signed the present convention, in duplicate, and have hereunto affixed our seals. Datao Done at the city of San Jos6, on the second day of July, in the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty, and in the eighty-fourth year of the independence of the United -States of America, and of the independence of Costa lica the thirty-ninth. ALEX'R DIMITRY. [SEAL.] MANUEL J. CARAZO. [SEAL.] IFRtAINCO Me. YGLESIAS. [SEAL.] DENM ARK, 18m26. 167 DENMARK. DENMARK, 1826. GENEiRAL CONNVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION April 26, 1826. BETWEEN TIHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF DENMARK, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 26, 1826; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 4, 1826; lRATIFIED BIY PRESIDENT MAY 6, 1826; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT COPENHAGEN AUGUST 10, 1826; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 14, 1826. [This convention was abrogated April 15, 1856, and renewed (except the 5th article) by convention of April 11, 1857.1] The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Den- Contracting parmark, being desirous to make firm and permanent the peace and friendship which happily prevail between the two nations, and to extend the commercial relations which subsist between their respective territories andc people, have agreed to -fix, in a manner clear and positive, the rules which shall in future be observed between the one and the other party, by means of a general convention of friendship, commerce, and navigation. With that object, the President of the United States of Negotiators. America has conferred full powers on Henry Clay, their Secretary of State, and His M~ajesty the King of Denmark has conferred like powers on Peter Pedersen, his Privy Counsellor of Legation and Minister Resident near the said States, Knight of the Dannebrog; who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed to the folloWing articles: ARTICLE 1. The contracting parties, desiring to live in peace and harmony with Favors gralnted all the other nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally to other nations to friendly with all, engageg, mutually, not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common- to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession were freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession were conditional. ARTICLE II. The contracting parties being likewise desirous of placing the com- Reciprocaloequalmerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal basis i t y of commerce of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citizens and and navigation. subjects of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the others (with the exception hereafter provided for in the sixth article,) and [See Article reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and VI,] merchandise; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which native citizens or subjects do or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages, there established to' which native citizens or subjects are subjeerted. But it is understood that this article does not include the coasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties, respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARTICLE Ill. They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or Importations and merchandise, of any foreign country, can be, from time to time, lawfully exportations. imuported into the United States, iln vessels belongingT wholly to the citizens thereof, m-ay be aiso imported in vessel1s wholly belonging to 168 PUBLIC TREATIES. the subjects of Denmark; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel or her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And, in like manner, that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or merchandise, of any foreign country, can be, from time to time- lawfully imported into the dominions of the King' of Denmark~ in the vessels thereof, (with the exception hereafter mentioned in the sixth article,) [See Article VI.] mlay be also imported in vessels of the United States; and that no higher or otr other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel or her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they further agree, that whatever may be lawfully exported or re-exported, from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may, in like manner, be exported B ounties and or re-exported in the vessels of the other country. And the same boundrawtbacks. ties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or re-exportationa be made in vessels of the United States or of Denmark. Nor shall higher or other charges of any kind be imposed in the ports of one party, on vessels of the other, than are or shall be payable in the same ports by native vessels. ARTICLE IV. Equality of du- No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into ties on produce, the United States of any article, the produce or manufacture of" the &c.,ofeithlrcouu- dominions of His Majesty the King of Denmark; alld no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the said dominions of any article, the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the produce or manufacture of any other foreignl country. Nor shall anly higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries on the exportation of any articles to the United States, or to the doininiolls of His 1Majesty the King of Denmark, respectively, than such as are or may be payable on the e,xportation of the like articles to any other foreign country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles, tLhe produce or manufacture of the United States, or of the dominions of his Majesty the King of Denmarik, to or from the territories of the IUnited States, or to or from the salid dominions, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE V. Sound and Belts Neither the vessels of the United States nor their cargoes shall, when,dhes. they pass the Sound or the Belts, pay higher or other duties than those [S e e treaty of which are or may be paid by the most favoured nation. 1857, pp. 173-175. ] ARTICLE VI. Limitations of The present convention shall not apply to the northern possestreaty. sions of His Majesty the King of I)enmark-that is to say, Iceland, the Ferro6 Islands, and Greenland-nor to places situated beyond the Cape of Good Hope; the right to regulate the direct intercourse with which possessions and places is reserved by the parties, respectively. And it is further agreed that this convention is not to extendl to the direct trade between Denmark and the West India colonies of His Danish Majesty, but in the intercourse with those colonies it is agreed that whatever can- be lawfully imported into or exported frolm the said colonies in vessels of one party from or to the ports of the United States, or from or to the ports of any other foreign country, may in like manner, and with the same duties and charges applicable to vessel and cargo, be imported into or exported fromr the said coionies in vessels of the other party, DENMARK, 1826. 1 (69 ARTICLE VII. The United States and His Danish Majesty muntually agree that no Internal taxes. higher or other duties, charges, or taxes of any kind shall be levied in the territories or dominions of either party, upon any personal property, money, or effects of their respective citizens or subjects, on the removal of the same from their territories or dolinions reciprocally, either upon the inheritance of such property, money, or effects, or otherwise, than are or shall be payable in each State upon the same, when removed by a citizen or subject of sueh1 State, respectively. ARTICLE VIII. To make more effectual the protection which the United States and Consuls and viceHis Danish Majesty shall afford in future to the navigation and coin- consuls. inerce of their respective citizens qand subjects, they agree mutually to [See additioll receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to 75,176.]1, foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, privileges, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favoured nation, each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLE IX. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the contracting parties Privilegesof conminay enjoy the rights, privileges, and immunities which belong to them sls, &C. by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and having obtained their exequatur, which shall be granted gratis, they shall be held and conlsidered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE X. It is likewise agreed that the Consuls and persons attached to their Exemptions o f necessary service, they not being natives of the country in which the consular officers. Consul resides, shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kiend of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay, on account of commerce, or their property. to which inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in, which such Consuls reside, are sublject, being in everything besides subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papersof the consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them.' ArITICLE XI. The present convention shall be in force for ten years froml the date Duration of conhereof, and further until the end of one year after either of the contract- veutioll. ing plarties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to ter- [See Art. V, conminmate the same, each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the vet ion of 1857, p. right of giving such notice to the other at the end of the said term of ten years; and it is hereby agreed between thetl that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either, from the other party, this convention, and all the provisions thereof, shall altogether cease and determine. ARTICLE XII. This convention shall be approved and ratified by tlhle Presidelnt of ratifications. the United States, by;and with the advice and consent of the Senfate thlereof, and by tITis iMaljesty the King of DeLnmark, Landl the ratificationls 170 PUBLIC TREATIES. shall be dxshanged in the city of Copenhagen within eight months fr on the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible.9 Signatures. "In faith w.hereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United St,,tes of America, and of His Danish Majesty, have signed and sealed these presents. Date. Done in triplicate, at the city of Washington, on the twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six, in the fiftieth year of the Independence of the United St'ates of America. HI. COLAY PR. PEDEIISENi. Addendum. ADDENDUM. Mr. Clay to Mr. Pedersen. DEPART1MENT OF STATE, WVashington, Avpril 25, 1826. Claims of United The undersigned, Secretary of State of the United States, by direction of the PresiStates for indemni- dent thereof, has the honour to state to Mr. Pedersen, Minister Resident of His Maties not waived. jesty the King of Denmark, that it would have been satisfactory to the Government of the United States if Mr. Pedersen had been charged with instructions, in the negotiation which has just terminated, to treat of the indemnities to citizens of the United States, in consequence of the seizure, detention, and condemnation of their property in the ports of His Danish Majesty. But as he has no instructions to that effect, the undersigned is directed, at and before proceeding to the signature of the treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation on which they have agreed, explicitly to declare, that the omission to provide for those indemnities is not hereafter to be interpreted as a waiver or abandonment of them by the Government of the United States, which, on the contrary, is firmly resolved to persevere in the pursuit of them until they shall be finally arranged upon principles of equity and justice. And, to guard against any misconception of the fact of the silence of the treaty in the above particular, or of the views of the American Government, the undersignued requests that Mr. Pedersen will transmit this official declaration to the Governmeint of Denmark. And he avails himself of this occasion to tender to Mr. Pedersen assurances of his distinguished consideration. H. CLAY. The Chevalier PEDERSEN, Minister R2esident from Denmark. The Chevalier Peter Pedersen to Mr. Clay. WASHINGTON, plnpil 25, 1826. The undersigned, Minister Resident of His Majesty the King of Denmark, has the honour herewith, to acknowledge having received Mr. Clay's official note of this day, declaratory of the advanced claims against Denmark not being waived on the part of the United States by the convention agreed upon and about to be signed, which note he, as requested, will transmit to his Government.* And he avails himself of this occasion to renew to Mr. Clay assurances of his distinguished consideration. P. PEDERSEN. To the Hon. HlENRY CLAY, Secretary of State of the United States. DENMA;RK, 1830. M.ch 28, 1830. CLAIMS CONVENTION WITH DENMARK, CONCLUDED AT COPENHAGEN MARCIh 28, 1830; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 29, 1830; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JUNE 2, 1830; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JUNE 59 1830; PROCLAIMED JUNE 5, 1830. Convention between the United States of America and His 1Icajesty the King of Denmark, signed at Copenhagen the 28th of March, 1830. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Denmark, ties.'being equally desirous of terminating the discussions which have taken place between thenm in respect to the claims and pretensions fortned by the citizens of the United States aInd the subjects of Denmar%, havinlg for their object the seizure, detention, condemnaLtion, or confi8scation of their DENMARK, 1830. 171 vessels, cargoes, or property whatsoever, within the territory or under the authority of the respective Governments, have named for this purpose, and furnished w.ith their full powers, that is to say: The President of Negotiators. the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Henry Wheaton, Charge d'Affaires of the said United States at the C(ourt of His Majesty the King of Denmark, etc., and his Majesty the King of Denmark, the Sieur Ernest Henry, Count de Schimmelmann, Knight of the Order of the Elephant, Grand Cross of the Order of Dannebrog, decorated with the silver cross of the same order, His Minister (intime) of State, Chiefof his Department of Foreign Affairs, etc., and the Sieur Paul Christian de Stemann, Knight of the Order of the Elephant, Grand Cross of the Order of Dannebrog, decorated' with the silver cross of the same order, his Minister (intime) of State and of Justice, president of his Danish Chancery, etc.; and the said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers,' found in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE L{ His Majesty the King of Denmark renounces the indemnities which Renunciation of might be claimed. from the Government of the United States of America claimsbyDenmarrk. for the subjects of Denmark, on account of the seizure, detention, condemnation, or confiscation of their vessels, cargoes, or property whatsoever, under the authority of the said Government; and His Majesty enIndemnity to tho gages, moreover, to pay to the said Government the sum of six hundred lYnited. States. and fifty thousand Spanish milled dollars, on account of the citizens of the United States, who have preferred claims relating to the seizure, de- [See Article III.] tention, condemnation, or confiscation of their vessels, cargoes, or property whatsoever, by the public and private armed ships, or by the tribunals of Denmark, or in the States subject to the Danish sceptreo ARTICLE IL The-payment of the above sum of six hundred and fifty thousand Payment of the Spanish milled dollars shall be made in the times and manner follow- ildeniity. ing: [See Article IV.] On the 31st March, 1831, two hundred and sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six dollars and two-thirds of a dollar. On the 30th September, 1831, two hundred and sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six dollars and two-thirds of a dollar. On the 30th September, 1832, two hundred and sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six dollars and two-thirds of a dollar. To the second payment shall be added the interest for that, and for the last payment, at four per centum. per annum, to be computed from the first payment, on the 31st March, 1831. To the third payment shall also be added the interest for that payment, at four per centulm per annum, to be computed from the second payment, on the 30th September, 1831. The above sums, thus specified in Spanish milled dollars, shall be paid in bills of exchange, at fifteen days' sight, at Hamburg; for the payment of which the Danish Government shall be responsible. At the time when the first payment shall be made, on the 31st March, 1831, two obligations, corresponding to the two last payments to be effected for the capital and the interest thereof, shall be issued by the Direction for the public debt and'the sinking fund of Denmark, to the order of the Department of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, and assigned to the Government of the United States. By the said obligations, His Majesty the King of Denmark shall acknowledge himself debtor for the surs not yet p1aid to the Governiment of tjhe United ta tes of America, and the saime shlall be delivered to such person or persons as mlay be authorized to receive the samne by the said Government; and when the said obligations are to bedischarged, according to the tenor thereof, by 171T 2'PUBLIC TREISATIES. the Danish Government, the persoll or persons authorized by the Government of the United States to receive the stipulated payments shall deliver up the said obligations, with receipts fir the amount thereof, fiolm the said Government. ARTICLE IlI. Commissioners. To ascertain the full amount and validity of the claims, mentioned in Article I, a Board of Commissioners, consisting of three citizens of the United States, shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall meet at Washington, and within the space of two years fromn the time of their first meeting shall receive, examine, and decide upon the amount and validity of all such claims, according to the merits of the several cases, and to j ustice, equity, and the law of nations. The Commissioners shall take an oath or affirmation, to be entered in the journal of their proceedings, for the faithful and diligent discharge of their duties. In case of the death, sickness, or necessary absence of any Commissioner, his place may be supplied by the appointment of another Commissioner, in the manner before mentioned, or during the recess of the Senate, by the President of the United States. The Commissioners shall be authorized to hear and examine, on oath or affirmation, every question relating to such claims, and to receive all suitable authentic testimony concerning the same. Itn order to facilitate the proceedings of this board, His Majesty the King of Denmark engages, when thereunto required, to cause to be deli.vered to any person or persons who shall be duly authorized for that purpose by the Government of the United States, in addition to the palpers already delivered, all the acts, documents, ship's papers and( prize proceedings whihh may still remain in the archives of the High Court of Admiralty, or the Prize Tribunals of Denmark, relating to the seizure, detention, condemnation, or confiscation of the vessels, cargoes, or property whatsoever, belonging to the citizens of the United Staltes of America before the said tribunals. The Commissioners shall award and cause to be distributed, among the several parties whose claims shall be allowed by the board, the sum mentioned in Article I and- II, in a rateable proportion to the amount of the respective claims thus allowed. ARTICLE IV. Termination of In consideration of the renunciation and payments mentioned in Arclaims. tide I and II, on the part of His Majesty the King of Denmark1i, the Government of the United States declares itself entirely satisfied, not only in what concerns the said Government, but also in what concernus the citizens of the said United States, on account of the claims hitherto -preferred, or which may hereafter be preferred, relating to the seizure, detention, conlldemnation, or confiscation of their vessels, cargoes, or property whatsoever, which in the last maritime war of Denmark have takenl place under the flag of Denmark, or in the States subject to the Danish seeptre; and the said claims shall consequently be regarded as definitively and irrevocably terminated. ARTICLE V. Applicability of The intention of the two high contracting parties being solely to terthis convention. iinate, definitively and irrevocably, all the claims which have hitherto been preferred, they expressly c(lare that the present convention is onuly applicable to the cases therein inenltioned; andc having no other object, can never hereafter be illnvokeld by one party or the other as a preccdent or rule fCor tlhe fut;ure. DECNMARK, 1857. 173 ARITICLE VI. The present convention shall be duly ratified by the high contracting Ratifications. parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington, in the space of ten months, or sooner if possible. In faith thereof, and in virtue of our respective full powers, we have Signatures. signed the present convention, and have thereunto set the seals of our arms. Done at Copenhagen, this 28th day of March, 1830. Date. HENRY WHEATON. [SEAL.] E. H. SCHIIMMELMANN. [SEAL.] STEMANN. [SEAL.] DENMARKI 1857. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS April 11, 1857. MAJESTY THE KING OF DENMARK FOR THE DISCONTINUANCE OF THE SOUND DUES, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 11, 1857; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 5, 18558; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 7, 1858; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JANUARY 12, 1858; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 1:3, 1858. The United States of America and Hlis iMa jesty the King of Denmark, Contracting parbeing desirous to terminate amicably the differences which have arisen ties. between them in regard to the tolls levied by Denmark on American vessels and their cargoes passing through the Sound and Belts, and commonly called the Sound dues, have resolved to conclude a convention for that purpose,' and have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the Unitecl States, Lewis Cass, Secretary of State of Negotiators. the United States, and His Majesty the King of Denmark, Torben Bille, Esquire, Knight of the Dannebrog, and decorated with the cross of honor of the same order, his said Majest's Charg6 d'Affaires near the Government of the United States; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers in due form, have agreed to and signed the following articles.: ARTICLE I. His Biajesty the King of Denmark declares entire freedom of the navi- Sound and Belts gation of the Sound and the Belts in favor of Alnerican vessels and dues abolished. their cargoes, from and forever after the day when this convention shall go into effect as hereinafter pirovided. And( it is hereby agreed that American vessels and their cargoes, after that dlay, shall not be subject. to any charges whatever in passing the Sound or the Belts, or to any detention in the said waters, and both Governments will concur, if occasion should require it, in taking,measures to prevent abuse of the free flag of the United States by the shipping of other natiohs wlhich shall not have. secured the same freedom and exemption from charges enjoyed by that of the United Strates. ARTICLE II. His Danish Majesty further engages that the passages of the Soun fd L igh t s a d and Belts shall continnue to be lighted and buoyed as heretofore without buOys. any charge upon American vessels or their cargoes on passing the Sound and the Belts, and that the present establishments of Danish pilots in these waters shall continue to be mintatained by Denmark. His Danish iMajesty agrees to makIe such additions and imnprovemenlts in rega.rd to the lights, buoys, and pilot establislhmenets in these waters as circum - stances andl the increasing trade of the Baltic may require. He further 174 PUBLIC TTREATIES. engages that no charge shall be made, in consequence of such additions and improvements, on American ships and their-cargoes passing through the Sound and the Belts. Pilots. It is understood, however, to be optional for the masters of American vessels either to employ, in the said waters, Danish pilots, at reasonable rates fixed by the Danish Government, or to navigate their vessels without such assistance. ARTICLE III. Sum to be paid In consideration of the foregoing agreements and stipulations on the to Deonmrark. part of Denmark, whereby the free and unincumbered navigation of American vessels through the Sound and the Belts is forever secured, the United States agree to pay to the Government of Denmark, once for all, the sum of seven hundred and seventeen thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine rix dollars, or its equivalent, three hundred and ninety-three thousand and eleven dollars in United States currency, at [Seoe ArticleVI.] London, on the day when the said convention shall go into full effect, as herein afterwards provided. ARTICLE IV. Further privi- It is further agreed that any other or further privileges, rights, or adleges. vantages which imay have been, or may kv, granted by Denmark to the commerce and navigation of any other nation at the Sound and Belts, or on her coasts and in her harbors, with reference to the transit by land through Danish territory of merchandise belonging to the citizens or subjects of such nation, shall also be fully extended to, and enjoyed by, the citizens of the United States, and by their vessels and property in that quarter. ARTICLE V. Convention o f The general convention of friendship, commerce, and navigation, coni826 r e n e w ed. cluded between the United States and His Majesty the King of Den[Sooe pp. 167-170.] mark, on the 26th of April, 1826, and which was abrogated on the 15th of April, 1856, and the provisions contained in each and all of its articles, the 5th article alone excepted, shall, after the ratification of this present convention, again become binding upon the United States and Denmark l it being, however, understood that a year's notice shall suffice for the abrogation of the stipulations of the said convention hereby renewed. -ARTICLE VI. W h e n conven- The present convention shall take effect as soon as the laws to carry tion to take effect. it into operation shall be passed by the Governments of the contracting parties, and the sum stipulated to be paid by the United States shall be received by or tendered to Denmark; and for the fulfilment of these purposes, a period not exceeding twelve months from the signing of this convention shall be allowed.. But if, in the interval, an earlier day shall be fixed upon and carried into effect for a free navigation through the Sound and Belts in favor of any other power or powers, the same shall simultaneously be extended to the vessels of the United States and their cargoes, in anticipation of [SeeArticleIII.] the payment of the sum stipulated in Article III; it being understood, however, that in that event the Government of the United States shall also paiy to that of Denmark four per cent. interest on the said sam, from the day the said immunity shall have gone into operation until the principal shall have been paid as aforesaid. ARTICLE VII. atifications. CThe present convention shall be duty ratified, and4 the exchange of ratifications shall take place iln Washington within ten mLonths from 1the date hereof, or sooner if practicable. DESMAIK, 186Th 175 In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatuares. present conventions in duplicate, and have thereunto affixed their seals, Done at Washington this eleventh day of April, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States the eighty-first. LEWIS CASS. [SEAL.] TORBEN BILLE. [SEAL.] DENMAREK 1861. ADDITIONAL ARTICLES TO THE GENERAL CONVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, July 11, 1861. COMMERICE, AND NAVIGATION, OF APRIL 26, 1826, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND DENMARK, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JULY 11, 186t; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 17, 1861; RATIFIED BY. PRESIDENT AUGUST 25, 1861; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON SEPTEMBER 18, 1861; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 20, 1861. Additional articles to the general convention of friendship, commerce, aond navigation, concluded at Washington on the 26th day of April, 1826, between the United States of America and His Mcjesty the King of Denmark. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Denmark, Contracting parwishing to favor their mutual commerce by affording, in their ports, ties. every necessary assistance to their respective vessels, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly empowered for that purpose, have agreed upon the following additional articles to the general convention of friendship, commerce, and navigation, concluded at Washington on the See,, convention twenty-sixth day of April, 1826, between the contracting parties. of 1826, pp. 167170.] ARITICLE I. The respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commer- Settlement o f cial Agents shall have the right as such to sit as judges and arbitrators differences bcin such differences as may arise, either at sea or in port, between the tween masters and calptain, officers, and crew of the vessels belonging to the nation whose crews. interests are committed to their charge, particularly in reference to the adjustment of wages and the execution of contracts, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crew and the officers, or of the captains, should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or'arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort on their return to the judicial authority of their country. ARTICLE IT, The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents Deserters from are authorized to require the assistance of the local authorities for the vessels. search, arrest, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, or, if the vessel shall have departed, by copy of said documents duly certified by them, that such individuals form part of the crew; and on this reclamation. being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused, unless there be sufficient proof of the said persons being citizens or subjects of the country where their surrender is denmandeld. Such deserters, when arrested1, shall be placed at the disposal of said Consuls-General, Consuls, Viee.Cornstlls or Commlercial Agents, and may be collfined in the 176 PUBLIC TREATIE TS. public prisons at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belonged, or sent back to their ownl country by a vessel of the same nation, or any other vessel whatsoever. But if not sent back within three months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same ca,use. However, if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or ofsence, his surrenlder. may be delayed unltil the tribunal before which his case shall be depending shall have 1pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. Effect of addi- The present additional articles shall have the same force and value as tionMal articles. if they were inserted, word for word, in the convention signed at Washington on the twenty-sixth day of April, one thousand eight hundredl Ratifications. and twelty-six, and being approved and ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by his Majesty the King of Denmark, the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within six mouths from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the undersigned, in virtue of our respective full powers, have signed the present additional articles, and have thereto affixed our seals. Date. Done in triplicate at the city of Washington on the eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one. WILLIAM I. SEWARD. [SEAL.] W. R. RAASLOFF. [SEAL.] DENMARKE 1872. July 20, 1872. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF DENMARK RELATIVE TO NATlURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT COPENHAGEN JULY 20, 1872; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 13, 1873; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 22, 1873; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT COPENHAGEN MARC(H 14, 1873; PROCLAIMED APRIL 15, 1873. Contracting par- The United States of America eand his Majesty the King of Den mark tiesO being desirous to regulate the citizenship of the citizens of the United States of America who have emigrated, or who may emigrate fromn the United Staltes of Americtr to the Kingdom of' Denmark, and of Danish subjects who lhtve emigra;tedl, or who may emigrate, fro:m the Kingdon of -Denmark to the United States of America, have resolved to conclude a convention for that purpose, and have named as t'heir PlenipotenNegotiators. ti'aries, that, is to say, the President, of the United States of. America: Michael J. Crtmler, Minister Resident of the United States of America. at Copenhagen; and His Majesty the King of Denmark: Otto l)itlev Baron Rosenorn-Lehn, Commander of Daneblog and Danebrogsmand, Chamberlain, His Majesty's Minister for Foreign Affairs, &c., &c., &c.; Who, after having comnmunicatel to each other their respective full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed uponl and concluded the following articles, to wit: ARPt'ICLE I. Citizens of the Citizens of the United States of America who have becoume, or shall United States nat- become, alnd are, naturalized, according to law, withlin the Kiingdoml of r aliei ik D )Denm )nark, as Danish subjects, shall be held by the. United States of kAmerica to be in all respects anll for a11 Pll url)oses DaLish sulbj?cts, and shall be treated as such by the United States of America. DENMARK, 1872. 177 In like manner Danish subjects who have become, or shall become, Danish snbjets and are, naturalized, according to law, within the United States of naturalized in the America as citizens thereof, shall be held by the Kingdom of Denmark United States. to be in all respects and for all purposes as citizens of the United States of America, and shall be treated as such by the Kingdom of Denmark. ARTICLE ]I. If any such citizen of the United States, as aforesaid, naturalized Restoration of within the Kingdom of Denmark as a-Danish subject, should renew his citizenship iu the residence in the United States, the United States Government may, on original country. his application, and on such conditions as that Government may see fit to impose, re-admit hinm to the character and privileges of a citizen of the United States, and the Danish Government shall not, in that case, claim him as a Danish subject on account of his former naturalization. In like manner, if any such Danish subject, as aforesaid, naturalized within the United States as a citizen thereof, should renew his residence within the Kingdom of Denmark, His iMajesty's Government may, on his application, and on such conditions as that Government may think fit to impose, re-admit him to the character and privileges of a Danish subject, and the United States Government shall not, in that case, claim him as a citizen of the United States on account of his former naturalization. ARTICLE III. If, however, a citizen of the United States, naturalized in Denmark, Renunciation of shall renew his residence in the former country without the intent to naturalization. return to that in which he was naturalized, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization. In like manner, if a Dane, naturalized in the United States, shall renew his residence in Denmark without the intent to return to the former country, he shall be held to have renounceed his lnaturalization in the United States. The intent not to return may be held to exist when a person naturalized When the intent in the one country shall reside more than two years in the other country. hno to return is held to exist. ARTICLE IV. The present convention shall go into effect immediately on or after Duration of conthe exchange of the ratifications, and shall continue in force for ten vention. years. If neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE V. The present convention shall be ratified by the President of the United Ratifications. St;ates of America., by and with the advice and consent of the Senlate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of Denmark, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Copenhagen Cas soon as may be, within eight months from the date hereof. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentia.ries have signed the Signatures. same, and have affixed thereto their respective seals. Done at Copenhagen, the twentieth day of July, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two. MICHAEL J. CRAMERl. [SEAL.] O. D. RO6SENO RN-LEUN. [SEAL.J R S IV 12 178 PUBLIC TREATIES. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, 1867. Feb.8, 1867. GENERAL CONVENTION OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, AND FOR THE SURRENDER OF FUGItIVE CRIMINALS, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, CONCLUJDED AT SANTO DOMINGO FEBRUARY 8, 1867; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SE NATE MARCH 20, 1867; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 31, 1867; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT SANTO DOM1NGO OCTOBER 5, 1867; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 24, 1867. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Dominican Republic, equally ties. animated with the desire of maintaining the cordial relations and of tightening, if possible. the bonds of friendship between the two countries, as well as to augment, by all the means at their disposal, the commercial intercourse of their respective citizens, have mutually resolved to conclude a general convention of amity, commerce, and navigation, and for the surrender of fugitive crimin-als. For this purpose they have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States, John Somers Smith, Commercial Agent of the United States at the city of Santo Domingo, and the President of the Dominican Republic, Jose Gabriel Garcia, Secretary of State in the Department of Foreign Relations, and Juan Ramon Fiallo, ex-Secretary of the Treasury; Who, after a communication of their respective full powers, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE- I. Peace and friend- It is the intention of the high contracting parties that there shall conship. tinue to be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and sincere friendship between the Republic of the United States of America and the Dominican Republic, and between their respective countries, territories, cities, towns, and people, without exception of persons or Provision incase places. If, unfortunately, the two nations should become involved in of war. war, one with the other, the term of six months after the declaration thereof shall be allowed to the merchants and other citizens and inhabitants respectively, on each side, during which time theyshall beat libearty to withdraw themselves, with their effects and mnoveables, which they shall have the right to carry away, send away, or sell, as they please, without the least obstruction; nor shall their effects, much less their persons, be seized during such term of six rmonths; onI the colntl'ry, passpiorts shall be valid fbr a term necessary for their return, and shall be given to them for their vessels and( the effects which they may wish to carry with them or send away, and such passports shall be a, safeconduct against the insults and captures which privateers may attempt against their persons and effects, and the money, debts, shares in the public funds, or in banks, or any other property, personal or real, belonging to the citizens of the one party in the territories of the other, shall not be confiscated or sequestratcd. ARTICLE II. Exemption from The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, residing or es' military service, tablished in the territory of the other, shall be exempt from all. compulforced loans, &c. sory military service by sea or by landl, an d from all fbred loans or military exactions or requisitions; nor shall they be comnpelled to pay anly contriblutions wvhatever, higher or ot.her than those that are or mlay be lpaid by native citizens. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, 1867. 179 - ARTICLE III The citizens of the contracting parties shall be permitted to enter, Right of resisojourn, settle and reside in all parts of said territories, and such as doence and busimay wish to engage in business shall have the right to hire and occupy ness. warehouses, provided they submit to the laws, as well general as special, relative to the rights of travelling, residing, or trading. While they conform to the laws and regulations in force, they shall be at liberty to ianage themselves their own business, subject to the jurisdiction of either party, as well in respect to the consignment and sale of their goods by wholesale or retail as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships. They may also employ such agents or Employment of brokers as they may deem proper, and shall in all these cases be treated agents. as the citizens of the country wherein they reside; it being, nevertheless, distinctly understood that they shall be subject; to such laws and regulations also in respect to wholesale or retail. They shall have free ac- Free access t o cess to the tribunals of justice, in cases to which they may be a party, judicialtribunals. on the same terms which are granted by the laws and usage of the country to native citizens; for which purpose they may employ in defence of their interests and rights such advocates, attorneys, and other agents as they may think proper. ARTI(LE IV. The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, residing in the Liberty of c:o - other, shall enjoy,the most perfect liberty of conscience. They shall be scielnee. subjected to no inconveniences whatever on account of their religious belief, nor shall they in any manner be annoyed or disturbed in the exercise of their religious worship in l)rivate houses, or in the chapels and p)laces which they may select for that purpose; provided that in so doing they observe the decorum due to the laws, usages, and customs of the country. It is likewise agreed that the citizens of the one coun- Rights of burial. try dying in the territory of the other, may be interred either in the ordinary cemeteries or in such others as may be selected for that purpose by their own Government, or by their personal friends or representatives, with the consent of the local authorities. All such cemeteries, and funeral processions going to or returning from them, shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE V. The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, within the juris- Disposal and indiction of the other, shall have power to dispose of their personal prop- heritance of pererty by sale, donations testament, or otherwise; and their personlal representatives, being citizens of the other contracting. party, shall succeed to their personal property, whether by testament or ab intestato. They may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, at their pleasure, and dispose of the same, paying such duty only as the citizens of the country wherein the said personal property is situated shall be subject to pay in like cases. In the absence of a personal representative, the same care shall be taken of the property as by law would be taken of the property of a na(tive in a similar case, whilst the lawful owner may take measures for securing it. If a question should arise among claimants as to the rightful ownership of the property, the same shall be finally decided by the judicial tribunals of the country in which it is situated. When on the decease of any person holding real estate within the Re'al estate of territory of one party, such real estate would by the law of the land deceased persois. descend on a citizen of the other, were he not disqualified by -alienage, the longest term i which the laws of the country in which it is situ-ate( will permit shall be accorded to him to dispose of the same; nor shall he be subjected, in doing so, to hligller or other dues than if he were a citizen of the country wvherein such real estate is situated. 180 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VI. Imports. The high contracting parties hereby agree, that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise, of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the United States in their own vessels, may also be imported in the vessels of the Dominican Republic, Tonnage duties. and no higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the vessels shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in a vessel under the flag of the United States, or a vessel under the flag of the Dominican Republic. And, reciprocally, whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country can be, fi'om time to time, lawfully imported into the Dominican Republic in her own vessels, may also be imported in vessels of the United States, and no higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the vessel shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in a vessel under the flag of the Dominican Republic, or under the flag of the United States. Exports. Whatever can be lawfully exported or re-exported by one party in its own vessels to any foreign country, may, in like manner, be exported or re-exported in the vessels of the other; and the same duties, bounties, and drawbacks shall be collected and allowed, whether such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the one or the other. Nor Duties, charges, shall higher or other charges of any kind be imposed in the ports of one &c. party on vessels of the other than are or shall be payable in the same ports by national vessels. ARTICLE VII. Coasting trade. The preceding article is not applicable to the coasting trade of the contracting parties, which is respectively reserved by each exclusively for its own citizens. Discharge of ves- But vessels of either country shall be allowed to discharge a part sels. of their cargoes at one port, and proceed to any other port or ports in the territories of the other to discharge the remainder, without paying higher or other port charges or tonnage dues than would be paid by national vessels in such cases, so long as this liberty shall be conceded to any foreign vessels by the laws of both countries. ARTICLE VIII. What to be For the better understanding of the preceding stipulations, it has deemed Dominican been agreed that every vessel belonging exclusively to a citizen or citivessels. zens of the Dominican Republic, and whose captain is also a citizen of the same, such vessel having also complied with. all the other requisites established by law to acquire such national character, though tile colnstruction and crew are or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as a Dominican vessel. ARTICLE IX. Equality of du- No higher or other duty shall be imposed on the ilmportation into the ties on imports. United States of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Dominican Reputblic, or of her fisheries; and no higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation into the lovminican Republic of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States, or their fisheries, than are or shall be payable oil the like articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country, or its fisheries, On exports. No other or higher duties or charges shall be imposed in the United States on the exportation of any article to the Dominican Republic, nor in the Dominican Republic on the exportation of any article to the JUnlited States, thansuch as are or shall be payable on the exportation of the lilie article to ally other foreign country. DOMINICAXN REPUBLIC, 1867. 181 No prohibition shall be imposed on the importation of any article the Equality of progrowth, produce, or manufacture of the United States or their fisheries, hibitions, or of the Dominican Republic and her fisheries, from or to the ports of the United States or the Dominican Republic, which shall not equally extend to every other foreign country. ARTICLE X. Should one of the high contracting parties hereafter impose discrim1- Discriminating inating duties upon the products of any other nation, the other par3,-ty duties. shall be at liberty to determnine the manner of establishin thee origin of its own products intended to enter the country by which the discriminating duties are imposed. ARTICLE XI. When any vessel of either party shall be wrecked, stranded, or otlher- Wrecks. wise damaged on the coasts or within the jurisdiction of the other, their respective citizens shall receive, as well for themselves as for their vessels and effects, the same assistance which would be due to the irlhabitants of the country where the accident happened, and they shall be liable to pay the same charges and dues of salvage as the said inhabitants would be liable to pay in a like case. If the repairs which a stranded vessel may require shall render it Stranded vessels. necessary that the whole or any part of her cargo should be unloaded, no duties of customs, charges, or fees on such cargo as nmay be carried away shall be paid, except such as are payable in.like case by national vessels. It is understood, nevertheless, that if, while the vessel is under repair, the cargo shall be unladen and kept in a place of deposit destined for the reception of goods, the duties on which have not been paid, the cargo shall be liable to the charges and fees lawfully due to the keepers of such warehouses. ARTICLE XII. It shall be lawful for the citizens of either country to sail with their Neutral trade. ships and merchandise (contraband goods always excepted) from any port whatever, to any port of the enemy of the other, and to sail and trade with their ships and merchandise, with perfect security and liberty, from the countries, ports, and places of those who are enemies of either party, without tny opposition or disturbance whatsoever, and to pass not only directly from the places and ports of the enemy aforementioned, to neutral ports and places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be or be not under the jurisdiction of the same power, unless such ports or places be effectively Dlockaded, besieged, or invested. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place Blockaded ports. belonging to an enemy without knowing that, the same is either besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but she shall not be detained, nor any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after notice of such blockade or investment, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted -to go to any other port or place she shall think proper; provided the same be not blockaded, be. sieged, or invested. Nor shall any vessel of either of the parties that may have entered into such port or place before the saume was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor, if foundc therein after the reduction and surrender of such place, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. 182 PUBr IC TREATIES. ARTICLE XIII. Contraband of The liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of war., merchandise, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband of war, and under this name shall be comprehended1. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and everything belonging to the use of arms. 2. Bucklers, helmets, breast-plates, coats of mail, accoutrements, and clothes made up in military form and for military use. 3. Cavalry belts and horses, with their harness. 4. And, generally, all offensive or defensive arms made of iron, steel, brass, copper, or of any other material prepared and formed to make war by land or at sea. ARTICLE XIV. Articles not con- All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles traband. of contraband explicitly enumerated and clalssified as above shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they be carried and transported in the freest manner by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at the time besieged or blockaded. ARTICLE XV. Deciaration of The two high contracting parties recognize as permanent and imprinciples. mutable the following principles, to wit: Free ships make 1. That free ships make free goods; that is to say, that the effects free goods. or goods belonging to subjects or citizens of a power or State at war are free from capture or confiscation when found on board neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war. Neutral property 2. That the property of neutrals on board of an enemy's vessel is not on enemies' ves- subject to confiscation, unless the same be contraband of war. sels. The like neutrality shall be extended to persons who are on board a neutral ship with this effect, that although they may be enemies of both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that ship, unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemy. The contracting parties engage to apply these principles to the commerce and navigation of all such powers and States as shall consent to adopt them as permanent and immutable. ARTICLE XVI. Examination of In time of war the merchant ships belonging to the citizens of either vessels in time of of the contracting parties, which shall be bound to a port of the enemy war. of one of the parties, and concerning whose voyage and the articles of their cargo there shall be just grounds of suspicion, shall be obliged to exhibit, as well upon the high seas as in the ports or roads, not only their passports, but likewise their certificates, showing that their goods are not of the quality of those which are specified to be contraband in the thirteenth article of the present convention. ARTICLE XVII. Ships' papers. And that captures on light suspicions may be avoided, and injuries thence arising prevented, it is agreed that when one party shall be engaged in war, and the other party be neutral, the ships of the neutral party shall be furnished with passports, that it may appear thereby that the ships really belong to the citizens of the neutral party; they shall be valid for any nunmber of voyages but shall be renewed every year; that is, if the ship happens to return home in the space of a year. If the DOMINICAN RIEPUBLIC, 1867. 183 ships are laden they shall be provided, not only with the passports above mentioned, but also with certificates, so that it may be known whether they carry any contraband goods. No other paper shall be required, any usage or ordinance to the contrary notwithstanding. And if it shall not appear from the said certificates that there are'contraband goods on board, the ships shall be permitted to proceed on their voyage. If it shall appear from the certificates that there are contraband goods on board any such ship, and the comman(ler of the samne shall offer to deliver them up, the offer shall be accepted, and a receipt for the same shall be given, and the ship shall be at liberty to pursue its voyage unless the quantity of the contraband goods be greater than can conveniently be received on board the ship of war or privateer, in which case, as in all other cases of just detention, the ship shall be carried into the nearest safe and convenient port for the delivery of the same. If any ship shall not be furnished with such passports or certificates as are above required for the same, such case may be examined by a proper judge or tribunal; and if it shall appear from other documents or proofs, admissible by the usage of nations, that the ship belongs to the citizens or subjects of the neutral party, it shall not be confiscated, but shall be released with her cargo, (contraband goods excepted,) bnd be permitted to proceed on her voyage. If the master of a ship, named in the passport, should happen to die or be removed by any other cause, and another put in his place, the ship and cargo shall, nevertheless, be equally secure and the passport remain in full force. ARTICLE XVIII. In order to prevent all kinds of disorder in the visiting and examina- Regulationofvistion of the vessels and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the itsonthehighseas. high seas, it is hereby agreed that whenever a ship of war shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at a convenient distance, and may send its boats, with two or three men only, in order to execute the examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of all private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all damages they may commit; and it is hereby agreed and understood that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting his papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XIX. It is expressly agreed by the high contracting parties that the stipu- Vessels under lations above mentioned, relative to the conduct to be observed on the convol. sea by the cruisers of the belligerent party towards the ships of the neutral party, shall be applicable only to ships sailing without convoy, and when the said ships shall be convoyed, it being the intention of the parties to observe all the regards due to the protection of the flag dispIlayed by public ships, it shall not be lawful to visit themt; but the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy that the ships he conxroys belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be considered by the respective cruisers as fully sufficient; the two parties reciprocally engaging not to admit under the protection of their convoys ships which shall have on board contraband goods destined to an enemy. ARlTICL;E XX In all cases wvhere vessels shall be captured or detained, to be carried Provisions in case into port under pretence of carrying to the enemy contraband goods, the of capture or decaptor shall give a receipt for such of the paplers of the vessel as he tention. 184 PUBLIC TREATIES. shall retain, which receipt shall be annexed to a copy of the said papers; and it shall be unlawful to break up or open the hatches, chests, trunks, casks, bales, or vessels found onl board, or remove the smallest part of the goods, unless the lading be brought on shore in presence of the competent officers, and an inventory be made by them of the same. Nor shall it be lawful to sell, exchange, or alienate the said articles of contraband in any manner, unless there shall have been lawful process, and the competent judge or judges shall have pronounced against such goods sentence of confiscation. ARTICLE XXI. Treatment of pas- And in such time of war, that proper care may be taken of the vessel sengers and crew. and cargo, and embezzlement prevented, it is agreed that it shall not be lawful to remove the master, commander, or supercargo of any captured ship from on board thereof, during the time the ship may be at sea after her capture, or pending the proceedings against her, or her cargo, or anything relating thereto and in all cases where a vessel of the citizens of either party shall be captured or seized and held for adjudication, her officers, passengers, and crew shall be hospitably treated. They shall not be imprisoned or deprived of any part of their wearing apparel, nor of the possession and use of their money, not exceeding for the captain, supercargo, mate, and passengers five hundred dollars each, and for the sailors one hundred dollars each. ARTICLE XXII. Prize courts and It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize decrees. cu'ses, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, s hall alone take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal of either of the parties shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commnander or agent of the said vessel without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXIII. Treatment of When the ships of war of the two contracting parties, or those belongprizes. in' to their citizens, which are armed in war, shall be admitted to enter with their prizes the ports of either of the two )arties, the said public or private ships,'as well as their prizes, shall not be obliged to paly any duty either to the officers of the place, the judges, or any others; nor shall such prizes, when they come to and enter the ports of either party, be arrested, or seize(d, nor shall the officers of the place im',ke examination concerning the lawfulness of such prizes, but they may hoist sail at any time and depart and carry their prizes to the places expressed in their commissions, which the conmmanders of such ships of war shall be obliged to show. It is understood, however, that the privileges conferred by this article shall not extend beyond those allowed by law or by treaty with the most favored nations. ARTICLE XXIV. Privateers of It shall not be lawful for any foreign privateers who have commissions hostile powers. from any prince or State in enmity with either nation, to fit their ships in the ports of either, to sell their prizes, or in any manner to exchange theml; neither shall they be allowed to purchase provisions, except suchll as shatll be necessary to their going to the next port of that prince or State firom wvhichl they have received tiheir comimissions. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, 1867. 185 ARTICLE XXV. No citizen of the Dominican Republic shall apply for or take any L e t t e rs o f commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as marque. privateers against the said United States, or any of them, or against the citizens, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any prince or State with which the said United States shall be at war; nor shall any citizen or inhabitant of the said United States, or any of them, apply for or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the citizens or inhabitants of the Dominican Republic, or any of them, or the property of any of them, from any prince or State with which the said republic shall be at war; and if any person of either nation shall take such commissions of letters of marque, he shall be punished according to their respective laws. ARTICLE XXVI. The high contracting parties grant to each other the liberty of hay- Consuls and viceing in the ports of the other Consuls or Vice-Consuls of their own ap- consuls. pointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favored nation; but if any of the said Consuls or Vice-Consuls shall carry on trade, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of their nation are subjected in the same i)lace. It is understood that whenever either of the two contracting parties Consular agents. shall' select a citizen of the other for a Consular Agent to reside in any ports or commercial places of the latter, such Consul or Agent shall continue to be regarded, notwithstanding his quality of a foreign Consul, as a citizen of the nation to which he belongs, and consequently shall be subject to the laws and regulations to which natives are subjected in the place of his residence. This obligation, however, shall in no respect embarrass the exercise of his consular functions or affect the inviolability of the consular archives. The said Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall have the right, as such, to Arbitration of.sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may arise between disputes. the masters and crews of the vessel belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge without the interference of the local authorities, unless their assistance should be required, or the conduct of the crews or of the captain should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country. it i s, however, understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their own country. The said Consuls and Vice-Consuls are authorized to require the as- Deserters from sistance of the local authorities for the arrest and imprisonment of the vessels. deserters from the ships of war and mIerchant vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall, in writing, demand such deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the muster-rolls of the crews, or by any other official documents, that such individuals 1formied part of the crews; and on this claim being substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls, and may be confined in the public prisons at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be sent to the vessels to which they belong, or to others of the same country. But if not sent back within three months of the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not again be arrested for the same cause. However, if the deserter shall be found to have conmitte( anS crimle or offense, his surrenlder may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be pentling shall have pronounced its sentnce, anc d such sentenee shall have been carried intoe ffect. 186 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXVII. Extradition of The United States of America and the Dominican Republic, on requicriminals. sitions made in their name through the medium of their respective Diplomatic and Consular Agents, shall deliver up to justice persons who, being charged with the crimes enumerated in the following article, coinmitted within the jurisdiction of the requiring party, shall seek asylum, Proof of crimi- or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That this shall be done only when the. fact of the commission of the crinme shall be so established as to justify their apprehension and commitment for trial, if the crime had been committed in the country where the persons so accused shall be found; in all of which the tribunals of said country shall proceed and decide according to their own laws. ARTICLE XXVIII. Crimes for which Persons shall be delivered up according to the provisions of this consurrender is to be vention, who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit: mae Murder, (including assassination, parricadce infanticide, and pioisoning;) attempt to commit murder; rape; forgery; the counterfeiting of money; arson; robbery with violence, intimidation, or forcible entry of an inhabited house; piracy; embezzlement by public officers, or by persons hired or salaried, to the detriment of their employers, when these crimes are subject to infamous punishment. ARTICLE XXI X. Surrender how On the part of each country the surrender shall be made only by the mnlade. authority of the Executive thereof. The expenses of detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the preceding articles, shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. ARTICLE,XXX. No surrender for The provisions of the aforegoing articles relating to the surrender of political offenses. fugitive criminals shall not apply to oftences committed before the date hereof, nor to those of a political character. ARTICLE XXXI. Duration of con- This convention is concluded for the term of eight years, dating from vention. the exchange of the ratifications; and if one year before the expiration of that period neither of the contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification, its intention to the other to arrest the operation of said convention, it shall continue binding for twelve months longer, and so on, from year to year, until the expiration of the twelve nmonths which will follow a similar declaration, whatever the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE XXXIL. Ratifications. This convention shall be submitted on both sides to the approval and ratification of the respective competent authorities of each of the contracting parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Santo Domingo as soon as circumsttances shall admit. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the aforegoing articles, in the English and Spanish languages, and they have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in duplicate at the city of Santo Domingo, this eightlh day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hulndred and sixty-seven. J0.so SO IERS SMITH. [L. S.] JOSI G. GARCIA. [L. 8.1 JUAN Pl. FIALLO. [L. S.J ECUADOR, 1839. 187 ECUADOR. ECUADOR, 1839. TREATY WITH ECUADOR, CONCLUDED AT QUITO JUNE 13. 1839; RATIFICA- June 13, 1839. TION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 15, 1840; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 31, 1840; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT QUITO APRIL 9, 1842; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 23, 1842. Treaty of peace, friendship, navigation, anti commerce between the United States of America alnd the Republic of Ecuador. The United States of America and the Republic of Ecuador, desiring Contracting parto make lasting and firm the friendship and good understanding which ties. happily prevails between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty of friendship, commerce, a!nd navigation. For this most desirable object the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers Negotiators. on James C. Pickett, a citizen of the said States, and the President of the Republic of Ecuador, on Doctor Luis de Saa, Minister of Finance, charged with the Department of the Interior and Foreign Relations; who, after having exchanged their said full powers in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friend- Peace and friendslip between the United States of America and the Republic of Ecua- ship. dor, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens, respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The United States of America and the Republic of Ecuador, desiring Favors granted to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by to other nations to means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage mutually become common not to grant any particular favor to other nations in respect of comin merce and navigation which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or, on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties, being likewiseidesirous of placing R e c i p r o cal 1 the commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal equality of comnbasis of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citizens tinerc and navigaof each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, and reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandise; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigatian and commerce which native citizens do or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages there established, to which native citizens are subjected; but it is understood that this article does not inclnudle the coasting trade of eitlher country, the regulation of wvhich is reserved byv the parties respectively, according to 1 88 PUBLC TPREATIES. Privileges to ves- their own separate laws. And it is further agreed that this article shall Sels built at Guay- be subject to the following modification: That whereas, by a law of Ecuador of March 21st, 1837, vessels built in the dock-yard of Guayaquil shall be exempted from various charges, therefore vessels of the United States cannot claim this privilege, but shall enjoy it if it should be granted to vessels belonging to Spain, or to Mexico, and to the other Hispano-American Republics. ARTICLE IV. Equality of du- They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or ties on vessels and umerchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully cargoes. imported into the United States in their own vessels, may be also imported in the vessels of the Republic of Ecuador; and i1that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or of the other; and, in like manner, that whatever kinid of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, la.wfully imported into the Republic of Ecuador in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United Stcates; and that 1no higher or other duties upon the tonnacge of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or of the other. Aind they agree tha.t whatever may be lawfully exported or re-exported firom the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may, in like Ianner, be exported or reBonn t i es and exported in the vessels of the other country. And the same bounties, drawbacks. duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or re-exportation be, made in vessels of the United States or of the Republic of Ecuador. ARTICLE V. What shall b e For the better understanding of the preceding article, and taking into considered Etuca- consideration the actual state of the commercial marine of Ecuador' it dorian vessels. has been stipulated and agreed that all vessels belonging exclusively to a citizen or citizens of said Republic, and whose captain is also a citizen of the same, though the construction or the crew are or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as an Ecuadorian vessel. AtTICLE VI. Equality of du- No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into tihe t i es on imports United States of any articles, the produce or manufactures of the Reancd expoits. lpublic of Ecuador; and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the IRepublic of Ecuador of any articles, the produce or -manufactures of the United States, than are or shall be payable on. the like articles, being the produce or manufactures of any other foreign country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States or to the IRepublic of Eeuador, respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign Equality of pro- country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or imhibitions. portation of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States or of the Republic of Ecuador, to or from the territories of the United States, or to or from the territories of the Republic of Ecuador, which shall not equally extend to all other nations ARTICLE VII. Right to nalage It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all nerclants, business. commandclers of ships, and other citizens of botlh countries, to manage themselves their owvn business in all thle ports andl places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to thle consigumenet and ECUADOR, 1839. 189 sale of their goods and merchandise by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or, at least, to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of the most favored nation. They shall be subject, however, to such general taxes and contributions as are or may be established by law. ARTICLE VIII. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties sliall be liable to Embargo or deany embargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandises, tention. or effects for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indernlification. ARTICLE IX. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels in disforced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions tress. of the other, with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacles or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE X. All the ships, merchandise, and the effects belonging to the citizens Captures by piof one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, rates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving, in due and proper form, their rights before the competent tribunals, it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective Governments. ARTICLE XIL When any vessels belonging to the citizens of either of the contract- Wrecked or danming parties shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage on aged vessels. the coasts or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is tisua-l and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, unless they be destined for consumption. ARTICLE XII. The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to Disposal and indispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by heritance of persale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, beingll sonal property. citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs would be pre- Heirs to real vented from entering into the possession of the inheritalce on account..estate. of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same as they may think proper, and -to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, nor any other charges than those which are imposed by the laws of the country. 190 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XIII. Protection to Both the contracting parties proise and engage, formally, to give persons and prop- their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of erty. each other, of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they -may be; for which they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited on the said trials. ARTICLE XIV. Liberty of con- It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of conscience and right science may be enjoyed by the citizens of both the contracting parties of burial, in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the others without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the territories of the other, shrall be buried in the usual burying-grounds, or in other decent or suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance, ARTICLE XV. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and of the Republic of Ecuador to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with their ships and merchandises before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and. security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever; not only directly from the places of the enemy before mentioned, to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, xyhether they be under the jurisdiction of one power or under several. Free ships make And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships shall also give freedom to free goods. goods, and that everything shall be deemed free and e.xempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any lpart thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being a.llways excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty shall be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that, although they may be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are Limitation of officers or soldiers, and inl the actual service of the enemies: Provided, the prirnciple, however, and it is hereby agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, andc the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enernies whose governments acknowledlge this principle, and not of others. ECUADOR, 1839. 191 ARTICLE XVI. It is likewise agreed, that in the case where the neutral flag of one of j Neutral property the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the'on enemy's vessel. other, by virtue of the above stipulations, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and, as such, shall be liable to detention and confiscation; except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree, that six months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof: On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy4s property, in that case, the goods and merchandises of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ship, shall be free. ARTICLE XVII. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of'Contraband artimerchandise, excepting those only which are distinguished by the namne cles. of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended: 1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and grenades; bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2nd. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in military form, and for military use. 3rd. Cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture. 4th. And, generally, all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war, by sea or land. ARTICLE XVIII. All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles of Goods not concontraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above shall be held and trabaud. considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner, by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are, at that time, besieged or blockaded; and Definition of to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places only blockade,. are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a belligerent force capable of preventing the entry of a neutral. ARITICLE XIX.'The articles of contraband before enumerated and classified, which Contraband only may be found in a vessel bound for an enemygs port, shall be subject to liable to confiscadetention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ton. ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they may see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, ca ptain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great, or of so large a bulk, that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel (letained shall be sent to the nearest conveaient and safe port, for trial and judgment, according to law. ARTICLE XX. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or Blocikaded ports. places3 belonging to an enemy, without knowing thatt the same is be 192 PUBLIC TREATIES. sieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstauced may be turned,away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment, from any officer commanding a vessel of the blockading forces. they shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Vessels entering Nor shall any vessel of either, that may hlave entered into such port before blockade. before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo; nor, if found therein, after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XXI. Visiting and In order to prevent all kinds of disorder, in the visiting and examinsearch of vessels ation of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties, on the on the high seas. high seas, they have agreed, mutually, that, whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon-shot, and may send its boats with two or three men only, in order to execute the said examination of the papers, concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property, for which purpose the commanders of the said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit; and it; is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall, in no case, be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting his papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE ]XXII. Ship's papers. To avoid all kinds of vexation and abuse in the examination of the papers, relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do agree, that in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-leltters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ships; as also the name and place of habitation of the master and commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that said ship truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties. They have likewise agreed, that such sthips being laden, besides the said sea-letters or Jpassports, shall also be provided wvith certificates containing the several pbarticulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it, may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form; without such requisites said vessels may be detained, to be -adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XXIII. Vessels u n der It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to convoy. the visiting and examination of vesstls, shall apply only to those which sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the 1nation whose flag he carries, and when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contrabandu goods on board, shall be sufficient. ECUADOR, 1839. 193 ARTICLE XXIV. It is further agreed that, in all cases, the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them; and whenever such tribunals, of either party, shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, or goods, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the:;commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXV. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war L e t t e r s o f with another state, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept marque. a commission or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or cooperating hostilely with the said enemy, against the said party so at war, under the pain of being considered as a pirate. ARTICLE XXVI. If by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, Mutual rights of the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, resilents in case of they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed war' the term of six months to the'merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe-conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection, until they arrive at the designated port. Tche citizens of all other occupations, who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States and the Republic of Ecuador, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXVIL. Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the indi- No confiscations viduals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys, which they may have in in case of war. public funds, nor in public nor private banks, shall ever, in any event.of war, or of national difference.be sequestered or confiscated. ARTICLE XXVIII. Both the contracting parties, being desirous of avoiding all inequality Privileges and in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have immunities of pubagreed, and do-agree, to grant to the envoys, ministers, and other pub- lic agents. lic agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy; it being understood, that whatever favors, ilmmunities, or privileges, the United States of America or the Republic of Ecuador may find it proper to give to the ministers and other public agents of any other power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXIX. To make more effectual the protection which the United States and c on s u 1 s and the Republic of Ecuador shall affobrd in future, to the navigation and vice-consuls. commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit RI S i..13 194 PUBLIC TREATIES. Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the. ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most flavored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls and ViceConsuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLE XXX. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong: to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and, having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such, by all the authorities, magistrates and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXXI.'Exempti o n s of It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and consular officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempted from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside, are subject; being in everything besides subject to the laws Inviolability of of the respective states. The archives and papers of the consulates archives. shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXXII. Deserters from The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country, for the arrest. detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing'; proving by an exhibition of the register of the vessel's or ship's roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews, and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is p)roved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of said Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who reclaim them,' to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But if they be not sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no imore arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE XXXIII. Consular con- For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and vention. navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon hereafter as circumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention, which shall declare especially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE: XXXIV. Construction of It is further a!reed, that the words, "most favored nation, hliat "most favored na- occur in this treaty, shall not be so construed as to prevent either of the tion" clauses. contracting parties from concluding any treaty or convention with any ECUADOR, 1839. 195 other nation or State it may think proper, as freely and as fully as, though said words were not used: Provided, however, That notwith-. standing any such treaty or convention, the citizens of the United States shall be placed in Ecuador, with respect to navigation and commerce, upon an equal footing with the subjects of Spain and with the citizens of Mexico and of the other Hispano-American States, with which treaties have been or may be concluded; and that the citizens of Ecuador shall be entitled to enjoy, in the United States, the same rights and privileges, with respect to navigation and commerce, that the citizens of the United States enjoy, or shall enjoy, in Ecuador. ARTICLE XXXV. * The United States of America and the Republic of Ecuador, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are to be established between the two parties, by virtue of this treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly and do agree to the following points: 1st. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the D u r a t i o l of term of twelve years, to be counted fromn the day of exchange of the treaty. ratifications, and further, until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the samle; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of said term of twelve years: And it is hereby agreed between them, that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either, from the other party, this treaty, in all its parts relative to commerce and navigation, shall altogether cease and determine, and in all those parts which relate to peace-and friendship, it shall be perpetually and permainently binding on both powers. 2nd. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe Infiingement of any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held personally treaty. responsible for the same, and harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby, each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation. 3rd. If, (what indeed cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the Reprisals a n d articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in declara t i o n s of any way whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the contract- war. ing parties will order or authorize any act of reprisal, nor declare war ~against the other on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presentedl to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, andi demanded justice, and the samte shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4th. Nothing in this treaty shall, however, be construed or operate Treaties w i t h contrary to former and existing public treaties with other sovereigns fetidl8 O anid states. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, sllall be, Ratifications. approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Ecuador, with the consent and approbation of the Congress of the same; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Quito, within three years, to be counted fromn the date of the signature- hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Republic of Ecuador, lave signed and sealed these presents. Done in the city of Quito on the thirteenth day of June, in the year Date. of our Lord one thousaLnd eight hundred and thirty-nine, and in the sixty-third year of the InTdependence of the United States of America andl the twenty-ninth of that of the Republic of Ecuador. J. C. PICKETT. SEAL.] ILUIS DE SAA. [SEAL.1 196 PUBLIC TREATIES. EC UADOR, 1862. Nov. 25,1862. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT GUAYAQUIL NOVEMBER 25, 1862; RATIFICArTION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 28, 1863; RATIFIE D BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 13, 1863; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT QUITO JULY 27, 1864; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 8, 1864. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Republic of Ecuador, desiring ties. to adjust the claims of citizens of said States against Ecuador, and of citizens of Ecuador against the United States, have, for that purpose, appointed and conferred full powers, respectively, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States on Frederick Hassaurek, Minister Resident of the United States in Ecuador, and the President of Ecuador on Juan Jose Flores, General-in-Chief of the Armies of the Republic; Who, after exchanging their full powers, which were found in good and proper form, have agreed on the following articles: ARTICLE I. Claims to be re- All claims on the part of corporations, companies, or individuals, citiferred to Board of zens of the United States, upon the Government of Ecuador, or of corCommissioners. porations, companies, or individuals, citizens of Ecuador, upon the Goverment of the United States, shall be referred to a Board of Commissioners, consisting of two members, one of whom shall be appointed by the Appointment of Governmnent of the United States, and one by the Government of EcuaVacancies, how dor. In case of death, absence, resignation, or incapacity of either comfilled. missioner, or in the event of either commissioner omitting or ceasing to act, the Government of the United States or that of Ecuador, respectively, or the Minister of the United States in Ecuador, in the name of his Government, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy thus occasioned. mfeeting of com- The commissioners so named shall meet in the city of Guayaquil within ninety days from the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, Oath. and before proceeding to business shall make solemn oath that they will carefully examine a.nd impartially decide according to justice, and in compliance with the provisions of this convention, all claims that shall be submitted to them; and such oath shall be entered on the record of their proceedings. Selection of rnm- The conlmissioners shall then proceed to name an arbitrator or um-' pire. pire, to decide upon any case or cases concerning which they may disagree, or upon any point of difference which may arise in the course of their proceedings. And if they cannot agree in the selection, the umpire shall be appointed by her Britannic Majesty's Charge d'Affaires, or (excepting the Minister Resident of the United States) by any other diplomatic agent in Quito whom the two high contracting parties shall invite to make such appointment. ARTICLE II. Examination of The arbitrator or umpire being appointed, the commissioners shall, claims. without delay, proceed to examine the claims which may be presented to them by either of the two Governments; and they shall hear, if required, one person in behalf of each Government on every separate Papers to be fur- claim. Each Government shall furnish, upon request of either commisnishecl. sioner, such papers in its possession as may be deemed important to the just determination of any claim or claims. Awards. In cases where they agree to award an indemnity, they shall determine the amount to be paid. In cases in which said commissioners cannot agree, the points of difference shall be referred to the umpire, before whom each of the commissioners may be heard, and whose decision shall be final. ECUADOR), 72. 197 AgTICLE 111. The conmuissioners shall issue certificates of the sums to be paid to Certificates of the claimants, resectively, whether by virtue of the awards agreed to'award. between themselves or. of those made by the umpire; and the aggregate amount of all sums decreed by the commissioners, and of all sums accruing from awards made by the umpire under the authority conferred by the fifth article, shall be paid to the Government to which the respective claimants belong. Payment of said sums shall be made in Payment. equal annual instalments to be completed within nine years from the date of the termination of the labors of. the commission, the first payment to be made six months after the same date. To meet these payments both Governments pledge the revenues of their respective na- Rcvenuesplcdged. tions. ARTICLE IV. The commission shall terminate its labors in twelve months froml the Termination o f date of its organization. They shall keep a record of their proceedings, commission. and may appoint a secretary versed in the knowledge of the English Secretary. and Spanish languages. ARTICLE V. The proceedings of this commission shall be final and conclusive with Proceedings conrespect to all pending claims. Claims which shall not be presented to elusive n o f the commission within the twelve months it remains in existence will be claims. disregarded by both Governments, and considered invalid. In the event that, upon the termination of the labors of said commission, any case or cases should be pending before the umpire, and awaiting his decisions said umpire is hereby authorized to make his decision or award in such Decisions of urncase oi' cases, and his certificate thereof in each case, transmitted to pire. each of the two Governments, shall be held'to be binding and conclusive: Provided, however, That his decision shall be given within thirty days from the termination of the labors of the commission, at the expiration of which thirty days his power and authority shall cease. ARTICLE VI. Each Government shall pay its own commissioner; but the umpire, Expensesof comas well as the incidental expenses of the commission, shall be paid one- mission. half by the United States and the other half by Ecuador. ARTICLE VII. The present convention shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged Ratifications. in the city of Quito. In faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed Signatures. this convention and hereunto affixed our seals, in the city of Guayaquil, this twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of ouir Lord 1862. Date. F. HASSAUREK. IL. s.] JUAN JOS-E FLORES. IL. S.] ECUADORI 1872. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE May 6, 1872. REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MAY 6, 1S72; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 23, 1872; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 25, 1872; RATIFIED BY PRESIDIENT OF ECUADOR SEPTEMBER 30, 1873; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON NOVEMBER 6, 1873; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 24, 1873. The United States of America and the Eepublic of Ecuador, being Contracting pardesirous of regulating the citizenship of persons whlo emigrate from; ties. Ecuador to the United States, and from the United States to the Repub,; lie of Ecuador, have decided to treat on this subject; and for this pur 198 PuBLI;re TREAT:ES. Negotiators. pose have named their respective Plenipotentiaries, to wit: the President of the United States, Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State, and the President of the Republic of Ecuador, Don Antonio Flores, accredited as Mlinister Resident of that Republic to the Government of the United States; who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have aglreed upon the following articles ~ ARTICLE I. Who to be recog(- Eachl of the two Republics shall recognize as naturalized citizens of nized as natural- the other, those persons who shall have been therein duly naturalized, ized citize after having resided uninterruptedly in their adopted country as long as may be required by its constitution or laws. This article shall apply as well to those already naturalized in the countries of either of the contracting parties as to those who mway be hereafter naturalized. ARTICLE II. Renewal of orig- If a naturalized citizen of either country shall renew his residence inl inal citizenship. that where he was born, without an intention of returning to that where he was naturalized, he shall be held to have reassumed the obligations of his original citizenship, and to have renounced that which he had obtained by naturalization. ARTICLE III. Intention not to A residence of more than two years in the nattive country of a natureturn. ralized citizen shall be construed as an intention on his part to stay there without returning to that where he was natura~lized. This presumption, however, may be rebutted by evidence to the contrary. ARTICLE IV. Offenses commit- Naturalized citizens of either country, on returning to that where they ted before emigra- -were born, shall be subject to trial and punishment according to the tionl. laws, for offences committed before their emigration, saving always the limitations established by law. ARTICLE V. Declaration of A decla, ration of intention to become a citizen shall uot have the effect intention. of naturalization. ARTICLE VI. Duration of con- The present convention shall go into effect immediNew Granada upon General Pedro A. Herran, Envoy Extraordinaryy and Minister Plenipotentiary of that Republic in the United States; Who, after exchanging.their full powers, which were found in good and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: AR'TICLE 1. Claims to be re- All claims on the part of corporations, conmpanies2 or individuals, citififrred to conuis- zeus of the United States, upon the Government of N2,,ew Granlada which shall have been presented prior to the lst day of September, 18459 either to the Department of State at Washington, or to the Minister of the United States at Bogota, and especially those for daanges which were caused by the riot at [Pantama on the 15th April, 1856, for which the said Government of New Granada acknowledg'es its'iabi'lity, aris, ing out of its privilege and obligation to preserve peace and good-order along the transit route, shall be referred to a board, of commissioners, consisting of two members, one of whom shall be appointed by the Government of the United States and one by the Government of New Granada. In case of the death, absence, or incapacity of either commissioner, or in the event of either commnissioner omiitting or ceasillg to act, the Government of the United States or that of New Granada, respectively, or the Minister of the latter in the United' States, acting by its direction, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy thus occasioned. Meeting of com- The commissioners so named shall meet in the city of Washington mnissioners. v~rwithin ninety days fraom the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, and, before proceeding to business, Shall Emake and subscribe a soleimn oath that they will carefully examine and impartially decide, according to justice and equity, upon all the claims laid before them, lunder the provisions of this convention, by the Government of the United States. And such oath shall be entered on the record of their proceedin gs. Arbitrator. The commissioners shall then proceed to name ain arbitrator or ulpire, to decide upon any case or cases on which th-ey may -di1ffer in opinion. And if they cannot agree in the selection, the umpire shall be appointed by the Minister of Prussia to the United States, whom the two high contracting parties shall invite to ma'ke such appointment, and whose selection shall be conclusive on both parties. APTICLE II. Duty of comnmis- The arbitrator being appointed the commissioners shall proceed to sioners. examine and determnine the claims which may beR presented to them, unclder the provisions of this conTvention, byI tIhe Goverlnment of the United States, together with the evidence submitted in support of them, and shall hear, if required, one person in behalf of each Government on NqEW GRANADA, 1857o 565 every sepa-rate clain. Ecach Government shall furnish, upon request of either of the comlmissioners, such papers in it-s possession as the commismenioners may deemn important to the just determination of any claims presented to themn In clases where they agree to award an indelmnity, they' shall detesmine the almount to be patid, having dnle regard, in claims which ilve grown out of the riot at Panama of April 15, 18.56 to damages sufiered through death, wounds, robberies, or destruction of property. 1u calses where they canlnot agree, the subjects of difference shall be referred to the unipire, before whoim each of the commissioners may be heard, and whose decision shall be final~ ARtTICLE II. The commissioners shall issue certificates of the sums to be paid by C or t ificates of virtue of their awards to thIe caimana its, and the aggreg ate amllount of award. said sumls shfall be pMlid to tlhe Government of the United States, at'ashlington in equal semni-an1lilal p aymilnts, the first payment to be mandes six mXont.hs fr'om e t ehe terminatilon of the commission, and the whole ayment to be complete1 d wvithin eight years from the same date; and;each of sai sums shall bea.r interest (also pa-yable semi-annually) at the rate of six per cent~ per ainlum from the,day on which the awards, respectively, shall have been decried. To mueet these payments, the Government of New Granad; a hereby specially appropriates one-half of the compensation which may accrue to it friom the Panama RMail-roa d Comnpany, in liea of postages, by virtue of the thirtieth article of the contract between the IRepublic of I'ew Granada and said comlpany, made April 15, 1850, stnd approved June 4, 1850, and also one-half of the dividends which it may receive fr'oml the net profits of said road, as )provided in the fifty-fifth article of the same contract; but if these funAds should prove insufficient, to malke the payments as above stipulated, New Granada will provide other means for that purpose. AITTICLE ][Ve The c- m mission h-erein provided shall termninate its labors in nine:Ouration ofcom: nmonths froLm and includinog the day of its organization; shall keep an mission. accnrate record of its proceedings, and may appoint a secretary toa. assist co 0enltioclf 1 in the transaction of its business. 158.] AJRTICLE V. The proceedings of this conamission shall be final and conclusive with Proceedings final. respect to all the claims before it, and its awards shall be a fall discharge to 0New Granada of all claims of citizens of the United States against thlat lepublic which may have accrued prior to the signature of this convention. AUTICLEI VI. Each Gover-fiinnt shall pay its own commissioner, but the Umpire, as Expenses. well as the incidental expenses of the commllission, shall be paid, onehalf by the United States, and the orter half by New Granadla. A TICLE VII. The presenlt convention shall be ratified and the ratifications ex- Eatifications. cllhanged in gWashington. In faith whereof, we, the respective, Plenipotentiaries, have sined Signatures. this convention, and have her-ennto affixed our seals Done at'Washi1ngton, this tenth day of September, in thle year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven. [sIELAL] ~ LEW,. CASS. fSnALr.'L. A.. l1'i"TiAN, 566 PUBLIC TREATIES. NICARAGUA o NICARAGUA, 1867. June 21, 1867. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, TWITH NICARA-. GUA, CONCLUDED AT MANAGUA JUNE 21, 1867; RATIFICATION- ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 20, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 7, 1868; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CITY OF GRANADA JUNE 20, 1868; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 13, 1868. Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation, between thte United States of America and the Republic of 7icaragua. Conltractig par- The United States of America and the Republic of Nicaragua, desirties ing to maintain and to improve the good understanding and the friendly relations which now happily exist between them, to promote the coinmmerce of their citizens, and to make some mutual arrangement with respect to a communication between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by the river San Juan and either or both the lakes of Nicaragua and Managua, or by any other route through the Territories of Nicaragua, have agreed, for this purpose, to conclude a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation, and have accordingly named as their respective Plenipotentia~ries, that is to say: Neegotiators. The President of the United States, Andrew B. Dickinson, Minister Resident and Extraordinary to Nicaragua; and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Nicaragua, Sefior Licenciado Don Tomas Ayon, Minister of Foreign Relations: Who, after communicating to each other' their full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be perpetual amity between the United States and their ship. citizens on the one part, and the Government of the Republic of Nicaragua and its citizens of the other. ARTICLE ILo Freedom of com- There shall be between all the territories of the United States and the uertee. territories of the lRepublic of Nicaragua a reciprocal freedom of commerce. The subjects and citizens of the two countries, respectively, shall have full liberty freely and securely to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are or may be permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part thereof; respectively also to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce; and generally the merchants and traders of each nation, respectively, shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commuerce, subject always to the laws and statutes of the two Ships of war and countries, respectively. In like manner the respective ships of war and post-officopackets. post-office packets of the two countries shall have liberty freely and securely to come to all Iarbors, rivers, and places to which other foreign ships of war and packets are or may be permitted to come, to enter the same, to anIchor, and to remain there and refit, subject always to the laws and statutes of the two countries, respectively. Coasting tlratce. By the right of entering places, ports, anda rivers, mentioned in this article, the privilege of carrying on the coasting trade is not understood NICARAGUA, 1867. 567 in which trade national vessels only of the country where the trade is carried on are permitted to engage. ARTICLE IIL. It being the intention of the two high contracting parties to bind Favors granted themselves bv the two preceding articles to treat each other on the to other nmations footing of the most favored nations, it is hereby agreed between them tobeco that any favor, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce and navigatioD, which either contracting party has actually granted, or may grant hereafter, to the subjects or citizens of any other State, shall be extended to the subjects or citizens of the other contracting party; gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other nation shall have been gratuitous, or in return for a compensation, as nearly as possible of a proportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into Equality of duthe territories of the United States of any article being the growth, ties on products produce, or manufacture oft the Republic of Nicaragua, and no higher or of either country. other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of the Republic of Nicaragua of any article being the growth, produce or inanutcture of the United States, than are or shall be payable upon the like articles being the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in the Territories of either of the high contracting parties on the exportation of any articles to the Territories of the other than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the importa- hEquality of protion or exportation of any articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the United States or the Republic of Nicaragua to or from the said territories of the United States, or to or from the Republic of Nicaragua, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE V. No higher or other duties or payments on account of tonnage, of light Tonnage duties, or harbor dues, or pilotage, of salvage in case of either damage or ship- &c. wreck, or on account of any local charges, shall be imposed in any of the ports of Nicaragua on vessels of the United States than those payable by Nicaraguan vessels, nor in any of the ports of the United States oni Nicaraguan vessels than shall be payable in the same ports on vessels of the United States. ARTICLE VI. The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the territories Imports and exof the Republic of Nicaragua of any articles being the growth, produce, ports in vessels of or manufacture of the territories of the United States, whether such either party. importation shall be made in Nicaraguan vessels or in the vessels of the United States; and the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the territories of the United States of any article being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Republic of Nicaragua, whether such importation shall be made in Nicaraguan or United States vessels. The satme duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation to the lrepublic of Nicaragua, of any article, being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the United States, whether such exlportation shall be made in NicaraLguali or United States vessels; and the same duties shall be paid, anda the samine boullnties andl drawbacks allowed,? on thle exportation of any alrticles, being the growth, 5038 PUBLIC TREAT IES. preeduce, or manufiacture of the Republic of Nicaragua to the territories of the United States, whether such exportation shall be made in the vessels of the United States or of ~iicaragua. ARTOTCLE VIL Privileges of res- All mnerchants, comnanders of ships, and others, citizens of the United idents States, shall h'ave full liberty in all the territories of the Repnblie of INicaragra to imanage their own affairs t.hemselves, as permitted by the laws, or to cormnmit them to the managemtent of whomsoever they please, as broker, thctor, c agent, or interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ any other persons in those capacities than those employed by gia'ra.gu!ans, nor to pay them any other salary or remuneration tlan such as is paid in like eases by NTicara,guan citizens5; and absolute fieedom shall be allowed in all eases to the buyer and seller to bargain and' fix the priice of ay goods, wares, or'merchandise imported into or exported fron the Reopublic of l icavagua as theyT shall ee gsood, observing the laws and established customls of the country. The same same rivileges shall be enjoyed -in thse territories of the United States by the citizens of the Iepublic of Nicaragua under the same conditions. Access to courts. The citizens of the high contracting parties shall reciprocally receive a.nd enjoy fall and perfect protection for their persous and property, and shall have free tand open1 access to the courts of jusli;ie in said countriess, respectively, for the prosecution and defence of their just rights; and they shall be at liberty to ein'ploy, in all cases, advocates, attorneys, or agentlt of whatsoever description, twhom they may think proper; and they shall enjoy, in this respect, the same rights and privileges therein as native citizens. ARTICLE ViIto Personal proper- In whatever rela~tes to thle police of the ports, the -lading and unlahdingtyro. of ships, the safety of merchandise? goods:, md efieets, the successionl to personal estates, by will or otherwise, and the disposaol of personal property of every sort and denonination by sale, donation, exchange, testament, or any other manner whatsoeverI asl also the adninistratoio of justice, the citizens- of the two high contracting parties shall reeiproca!ly e njoy the same )privilegets, liberties, and rights as anativee citizens and they shall not be charged in anly of these respects with any higher imjposts or duties than those which are or may be paid by native citizeus, sub-mitting, of course, to the local laws and regulations of each Conltry, respectmively. Real estate. The to regooing provisions shall be applicable to real estate situated within the States of the American Union, or within tthe Republie of Nicaragua, in whicih foreigners shall be entitled to hold or inherit real estate. But in case real estate sit-uated within the territories of one of the contraoting parties should fall to a citizen of the other party, who, on account of his being an alien, could Lot be permitted to hold such property in the State in which it may be situated, there shall be accorded to the saidl heir, or other successor, such time as the laws of the PState will permnit to sell such propersty. He shall be at liberty, at all timres, to withdraw and export the proceeds thereof without difficulty, and without paying, to the Government any other charges than those which woultd be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which the real estate may be situ ated. Estates o f d e- If any citizen of the two high contracting parties shall die without a. ceased persons. w1ll or test-ament in any of the territories of the other, the *fdiniHiter or Consul, or ote ipoti t i he nttion to wihmich1 th en ceased belonged, (or the representative of sunch 3,iiiister or Consul, or other Pi}pXomna tic Ag'ent, inl case of absence,) shai hrave the righlt to ntominate cu.:'iators to take ch.atge'of the proiperty of the deceasedt, so ftar as the NICARAGUA, 1867. 569 laws of the country will permn it, for the benefit of the lawful heirs and creditors of the deceased, giving proper notice of such nomination to the authorities of the country. ARTICLE IX. 1. The citizens of the United Staites residin in Nicaragua, or the cit- Intermarriageo izens of Nicaragua residing in the United States, may intermarry with the natives of the country; hold and possess, by purchase, marriage, or Possession o f descexnt, any estate, real or personal, without thereby changing their property. national character, subject to the laws which now exist or may be enacted in this respect. 2. The citizens of the United States residents in the Rtepublic of Nic- Exemption from aragua, and the citizens of Nicaragua residents in the United States military service, shall be exetnpted from all forced or compulsorsy military service what- c soever, by land or sea; from all contributions of war, military exactions, forced loans in time of war; but they shall be obliged, in the same manner as the citizens of each nation, to pay lawful taxes, municipal and other modes of imposts, and ordinary charges, loans, and contributions in time of peace, (as the citizens of the country are liable,) in just proportion to the property owned. 3. Nor shall the property of either, of any kind, be taken for any pub- Property not to lic object without fall and just compensation to be paid in advance; be taken without and - - - comnpensation. 4. The citizens of the two high contracting parties shall have the Freedom of trayvunlimited right to go to any part of the territories of the other, and inl el and intercourse. all cases enjoy the same security as the natives of the country where they reside, with th'e condition that they duly observe the laws and ordinances. ARTICLE X. It shall be free for each of the two high contracting parties to appoint Consuls. Consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in any of the territories of the other party. But before any Consul shall act as such, he shall, in the usual formi, be alpproved and aadmitted by the Government to which lhe is sent; and either of the high contracting parties umay except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as they judge fit to be excepted. The Diplomantic Agents of Nicaragua and Consuls shall enjoy in the Privileges of diterritories of the United States whatever privileges, exemptions, and plormatic agents immunities are or shall be allowed to the agents of the same rank and consuls. belonging to the most favored nations; and in the like manner the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the United States in. Nica, ragua shall enjoy, according to the strictest reciprocity, wvhatever privileges, exemuptions,,and immunities are or may be granted in the Republic of Nicaragua to the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the most favored nations. ARTICLE XI. For the better security of coInlierce between the citizens of the United Rights of resiStates und the citizens of iNitstagas,, it is agreed, that if at any time dents in case of any interrupti on of friendly intercourse, or any rupntire, should unfor- tuallateiy take place between the two high contatceting' parties, the citizens of either, who may be within the territories of the other, shall, if residing, on the co'ast, be allowed six months, and if in the interior, a whole yar, to windiC n their accounts, and dispose of their property; and a sa af-conduct shall be given to theim to emLbark at any port they thensi ev es may se lect. Even iin case of rup1ure, all such citizens of either or the ~hienl cot ntractinl, par'ties, \who are estab!islhed in an1y of the territories of' the o.thr-, in tr~de o'r (other employ ment, shall have the 1piviliee of rei nhu~liug-' and cl o con tmungli7 se;ec trt0do or employmlent, without any mannerl of inttlerruption0l in the full enjoyhen t of I~berty 570 PUBLC TREATIES. and property, so long as they behave peaceably, and commit no offence against the laws; and their goods and effects, of whatever description they may be, whether in their own custody, or intrusted to individuals or to the State, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, nor to any other charges or demands than those which may be made upon the like effects or property belonging to the native citizens of the country in which such citizens may reside. Iu the samle case, debts between individuals, property in public funds, and shares of companies, shall never be confiscated, nor detained, nor sequestered. ARTICLE XII. Prot.ection of the The citizens of the United States and the citizens of the Republie of Government. Nicaragua, respectively, residing in any of the territories of the other party, shall enjoy in their houses, persons, and property, the protection of the Government, and shall continue in possession of the guarantees which they now enjoy. They shall not be disturbed, molested, or anReligious liberty. noyed in any manner on account of their religious belief, nor in the proper exercise of their religion, agreeably to the system of tolerance established in the territories of the high contracting parties; provided they respect the religion of the nation in which they reside, as well as the constitutions laws, and customs of the country. Rights of burial. Liberty shall also be granted to bury the citizens of either of the two high contracting parties, who may die in the territories aforesaid, in burial-places of their own, which in the same manner may be freely established and maintained; nor shall the funerals or sepulchres of the dead be disturbed in any way or upon any account. ARTICLE XIII. Vessels seeking Whenever a citizen of either of the contracting parties shall be forced refuge. to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions of the other with their vessels, whether merchant or war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, or want of provisions or water, they shall be received and treated with humanity, and given all favor and protection for repairing their vessels, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in all respects in a condition to continue their voyage without obstacle of any kind. ARTICLE XIV. Right of transit The Republic of Nicaragua hereby grants to the United States, and between Atlantic to their citizens and property, the right of transit between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. and Pacific Oceans through the territory of that Republic, on any route of communication, natural or artificial, whether by land or by water, [See Article which may now or hereafter exist or be constructed under the authority XVIII.] of Nicaragua, to be used and enjoyed in the same manner and upon equal terns by both Republics and their respective citizens; the Republic of Nicaragua, however, reserving its rights of sovereignty over the same. ARTICLE XV. Nentrality o f The United States hereby agree to extend their protection to all such r o u t c s t o be routes of communication as aforesaid, and to guarantee the neutrality gu arasnteed. and innocent use of the same. They also agree to employ their influence with other nations to induce them to guarantee such neutrality and protection. Free ports. And the Republic of Nicaragua, on its part, undertakes to establish one free port at each extremity of one of the aforesaid routes of comulnlication between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. At these ports no tonnage or other duties shall be imposed or levied by the Govern NICARAGUA, 1867. 571 ment of Nicaragua on the vessels of the United States, or on any effects or merchandise belonging to citizens or subjects of the United States, or upon the vessels or effects of any other country intended, bona fide, for transit across the said routes of communication, and not for consumption within the Republic of Nicaragua. The United States shall also be Conveyance of at liberty, on giving notice to the Government or authorities of Nicara- troops. gua, to carry troops and munitions of war in their own vessels, or otherwise, to either of said free ports, and shall bie entitled to their conveyance between them without obstruction by said Government or authorities, and without any charges or tolls whatever for their transportation on either of said routes; provided said troops and munitions of war are not intended to be employed against Central American nations friendly to Nicaragua. And no higher or other charges or tolls Tolls. shall be imposed on the conveyance or transit of persons and property of citizens or subjects of the United States, or of any othler country, across the said routes of communication, than are or may be imposed on the persons and property of citizens of Nicaragua. And the Republic of Nicaragua concedes the right of the Postmaster- Closed mails. General of the United States to enter into contracts with any individuals or companies to transport the mails of the United States along the said routes of communication, or along any other routes across the Isthmus, in its discretion, in closed bags, the contents of which may not be intended for distribution within the said Republic, free from the imposition of all taxes or duties by the Government of Nicaragua; but this liberty is not to be construed so as to permit such individuals or companies, by virtue of this right to transport the mails, to carry also passengers or freight. ARTICLE XVI. The Republic of Nicaragua agrees that, should it become necessary Prot e ction of at any time to employ military forces for the security and protection of transit routes. persons and property passing over any of the routes aforesaidcl, it will employ the requisite force for that purpose; but upon failure to do this from any cause whatever, the Government of the United States may, with the consent, or at the request of the Government of Nicaragua, or of the Minister thereof at Washington, or of the competent legally appointed local authorities, civil or military, employ such force for this and for no other purpose; and when, in the opinion of the Government of Nicaragua, the necessity ceases, such force shall be immediately withdrawn. In the exceptional case, however, of unforeseen or imminent danger to the lives or property of citizens of the United States, the forces of said Republic are authorized to act for their protection without such consent having been previously obtained. But no duty or power imposed upon or conceded to the United States by- the provisions of this article shall be performed or exercised except by authority and in pursuance of laws of Congress hereafter enacted. It being understood that such laws shall not affect the protection and guarantee of the neutrality of the routes of transit, nor the obligation to withdraw the troops which may be disembarked in Nicaragua directly theat, in the judgment of the Government of this Republic, they should no longer be necessary, inor in any manner bring about new obligations on Nicaragua, nor alter her rights in virtue of the present treaty. ARTICLE X YII. It is understood, however, that the United States, in according pro- Withdrawal of tection to such routes of communication, and guaranteeing their neu.- guarantee by trality and secturitry, always intend that the protection and guarantee are granted conditionally, and may be withdravn if the United States should deemn that the persons or company undertaking or mauaging the same adopt or establish such regulations concelrning the traffic there 572 PUBLIC TREATIES. upon as are contrary to the spirit and intention of this treaty, either by maling unfair discriminattions in favor of the commerce of any country or countries over the commerce of any other country or countries, or by imposing oppressive exactions or unreasonable tolls upon mails, passengers, vessels, goods, w ares7 merchaundise, or other articles. The aforesaid protection. a.nd guarantee shall not, however, be withdrawn by the United States without first giving six months' notice to the lRepublic of Nicaragua. AlgTICLE XVTII[, Grants and con- And it is further agreed and understood that in any grants or contracts. ttrakcts which 02tmay hereafter be made or entered into by the Government of Nicaraguga, havinog -reference to the interoceanic routes above referred to, or either of themn the rights and privileges granted by this treaty to the Government and citizens of the United St ates shall be fully protected and reserved. And if any such grants or contracts now exist, of a valid characterl t it is ftirther understood that the guarantee and [See Article protection of the Unit-ed States, stipula.ted in Article XV of this treaty, XV.] shall be held inoperative and void until the holders of such grants and contracts shall recognize the cOlcessions lmade in this treaty to the Government and citizens of the United States with respect to such inter-. oceanic routes, or either of themi, and shall agree to observe and be governed by these concessions as fully as i.f. they lhad been embraced in their original grants or contracts; after which recognition and agreemeat said guarantee and protection shall be in full force provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed either to affirm or to deny the validity of the said contracts. ARTICLE XIX.o Limitation o f After ten years from the completion of a railroad, or any other route tolls, of communication through the territory of Nicaragua, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, no-conplany which may have constructed or be, in possession of the same shall ever divide, directly or indirectly, by the issue of new stock, the payinent of dividends or otherwise, i More than fifteen per cent. per anllnum, or at that rate, to its stockholcdelrs iom tolls collected thereupon; but whenever the tolls shall be found to yield a larger profit than this, they shall be reduced to the standard of fifteen per cent,. per annum. ARTICLE XX. Duration of Th1e ito high contracting parties, desiring to tmake this treaty as treaty.. d..durable as possible, agree that this treaty shall remain in full force for the term c-4 fifteen years from the day of the eXchange of the ratifications; and either party shall have the right to notify the other of its intention to termi:nate, alter, or reform this treaty, at least twelve months before the expiration of the fifteen years; if no such notice be given, then this treaty shall continue binding beyond the sail dtime, and until twelve Ionlths shall h ave elapsed froml the day oil whlliCh one of the parties shall notify the other of its intention to alter, reform, or abrogate this treaty. ARl TICLE, XX L Ratificationls. The present treaty s~hall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged at the city of MiXanagua, within one year, or sooner if possible. Signaturecs. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, anl af-fixed thereto their respective seals. Date. Done at the city of Ialianagua, this twenty-first day of Jane', in tlle year of our Lorl one thousandc eight hundred anad sixtye-seven. B. B. DrI(itNStIIN. FL. s.] 012O S Ai YONS. [L. sj] NICAP GUA, 1870. 573 ICAR, &GUA, 1870. CONVENTION WITH NICARAGUA RELATIVE TO EXTRADITION, CON CLUDED Jure 25, 1870. AT IANAGU-tA JUNE.5, 1P70; ]RATFICATILON ADVISED BY SENATEr WITH AMENDME NTS, 3J' I,, 3T, 1AI3l 1i, 171; RLATIFIED B1'Y PRESiDENT APRIJL 11, P1371; R ATIFICATIONS E XCHlANGED AiT MANAGUA JUNE 24, 171; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBERIt 19, 1271. xtTradition Coavention betrweel the Unitted States of America and the Repubit'i of 2Nicaragua. The United States of America and the ~Republic of Nicnaragua, having Contracting parjudged it expedient wit-h a view to the better admnilstration of justice, ties. and to prevention of crinmes within their respective territories and jurisdiction, that persons convicted of, or charged with the crimes hereinafter mentioned, and beiig fugitives from justice, should, under certain circultstances, be reciprocally delivered up, have resolved to conclude a convention ior that purpose, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries: The President of the United St.ates, Charles I. tRiotte, a citizen and Negotiators. Minister Resident of the United States in Nicaragua, the President of the leepublic of Nicaragua, Mister Tomas Ayon, ilinister for For[eign] Relations; vWho, after reciprocal comnllunication of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles, viz ARTICLE 1. The Governmenlt of the -United States aind the Government of Nica- Extradition of ragua muntually agree to deliver up Ipersons who, having been convicted criminals. of or charged with the crimes specliiedl in the foilowing article, committed within the jurisdiction of one of the contracting parties, shall seek an asylum or be found within the territories of the oCther: Provided, that Evidence of this shall only be done upon such' evidence of criminality as, according criminality. to the laws of the place w here the fugitive or person so charged shall be founld, would justify his or her apprehension and com'mitment for trial, if the crime had been there comn mitted. ARTICLE i.L1v Persons shall be delivered up, who shall have been convicted of; or E x t r a d it ion be charged, according to the provisions of this convention, with any of crines. the following crimes: 1. nMurder, comprehending assassination, parricide, infanticide% and Mulrder. poisoning. 2. The crimes of rape, arson, piracy, and mutiny on board a ship, Rape, arson, whenever the c-ewnT or a part thereof, by fraud or violence.against the piracy, &c. coamm]ander, have taiken possession of the vessel. 3. The crinne of bourglary, defined to be the action of breaking and Burglary an d entiering by niight into the house of another with the intent to commit robbery. felonya and the crimen of robbery, defined to be the action of feloniously and t-orcibly takia from the person of anrother goods or money, by violence, or putting him in fear. 4. The crime of forgery, by which is understood the utterance of Forgery. forged papers, the counterfeiting of public, sovereign, or government acts. 5. The fabrication or circulation of counterfeit money, either coin or Counterfeiting. paper, of public bonds, balnk-notes, and obligations, andcin general of all titles of instruments of credit, the counterfeiting of seals, dies, stamps, and marks of State and public administrations, and the utterance thereof. 6. The embezzlement of public moneys, committed within the juris- Embezzle m e n t diction of either party, by public officers or depositors. by public officers. 7. Etmbezzlement by any person or persons hired or salariedl, to the Embezzle men t detriment of their em-ployers, when these crimes are subjectecd to ina- salarieb pesons red or nOUs lpunishment. 574 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE III. Political offenses, The provisions of this treaty shall not apply to any crime or offence &c., not included. of a political character, and the person or persons delivered up for the crimes enumerated in the preceding article, shall in no case be tried for any ordinary crime, committed previously to that for which his or their surrender is asked. ARTICLE IV. Extradition may If the person, whose surrender may be claimed pursuant to the stipti be deferred, when. lations of the present treaty, shall have been arrested for the commission of offences in the country where he has sought an asylum, or shall have been convicted thereof, his extradition may be deferred until he shall have been acquitted, or have served the term of imprisonment to which he may have been sentenced. ARTICLE V. Requisitions anfd Requisitions for the surrender of fugitives from justice shall be made proceedings. by the respective Diplomatic Agents of the contracting parties, or, in the event of the absence of these from the country or its seat of government, they may be made by superior consular officers. If the person whose extradition may be asked for shall have been convicted of a crime, a copy of the sentence of the court in which he may have been convicted, authenticatedc under its seal, and an attestation of the official character of the judge by the proper executive authority, and of the latter by the Minister or Consul of the United States or of Nicaragua, respectively, shall accompany the requisition. When, however, the fugitive shall have been merely charged with crime, a duly authenticated copy of the warrant for his arrest in the country where the crinme may have been committed, and of the depositions upon which such watrant may have been issued, must accompany the requisition as aforesaid. The President of the United States, or the proper executive authority in Nicaragua, may then issue a warrant for the apprehension of the fugitive, in order that he may be brought before the proper judicial authority for examining the question of extradition. If it should then be decided that, according to law and evidence, the extradition is due pursuant to this treaty, the fugitive may be given up according to the forms prescribed in such cases. ARTICLE VI. Expenses. The expenses of the arrest, detention, and transportation of the persons claimed shall be paid by the Government in whose name the requisition shall have been made. ARTICLE VII. Duration of con- This convention shall continue in force during five (5) years from the vention. day of exchange of ratifications; but if neither party shall have given to the other six (6) months previous notice of its intention to terminate the same, the convention shall remain in force five (5) years longer, and so on. Ratifications. Thepresent convention shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged at the capital of Nicaragua, or any other place temporarily occupied by the Nicaraguan Government, within twelve (12) months, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention in duplicate, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done at the city of Managua, capital of the Republic of Nicaragua, the twenty-fifth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and seventy, of the Independence of the United States the ninety-fourth, and of the Independence of Nicaragua the fifty-ninth. [SEAL.] CLHARLES N. RIOTTE. LSEAL.] TOMAS AYON. NORTHIw GERAIAN UNION, 1868. 575 NORTII GERMAN UNION. [Se o Prussia; Gerrnan Empire.] NORTH GERMAN UNION, 1868. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJ- Feb. 22, 1868. ESTY THE KING OF PRUSSIA, RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT BERLIN FEBRUARY'22, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, MARCH 26, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 30, 1868; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN MAY 9, 1868; PROCLAIMED MAY 27, 1868. The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the Contracting parKing of Prussia in the name of the North German Confederation, led ties. by the wish to regulate the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the North German Confederation to the United States of America, and from the United States of America to the territory of the North German Confederation, have resolved to treat on this subject, and have for that purpose appointed Plenipotentiaries to conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, George Negotiators. Bancroft, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary fromn the said States near the King of Prussia and the North German Confederation; and His Majesty the King of Prussia, Bernhard Kinig, Privy Councillor of Legation; who have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Citizens of the North German Confederation, who become naturalized Whotobe deemed citizens of the United States of America and shall have resided unin- naturalized cit iterruptedly within the United States five years, shall be held by the zens. North German Confederation to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. Reciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who become naturalized citizens of the Nlorth German Confederation, and shall have resided uninterruptedly within North Germany five years, shall be held by the United States to be North German citizens, and shall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for:either party the effect of naturalization. This article shall apply as well to those already naturalized in either country as those hereafter naturalized.* ARTICLE II. A naturalized citizen of the one party on return to the territory of the Offences c o m - other party remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punish- mitted before emiable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emi- gration. gration; saving, always, the limitation established by the laws of his original country. ARTICLE III. The convention for the nmutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from Convention with justice, in certain cases, concluded between the United States on the Prussia and other States extended. This clause is an amendment made by the Senate of the United States in the resolution assenting to the exchange. See protocol, p. 576. 5736 PUBLIC TREATIES. [8Se convention one, part and Prussia and other States of Germany on the other pa rt, with Prussia and the sixteenth day of June, one thousand eight hlundred and fifty-two, is other S1tates, pP hereby extended to all the States of the North German Confederation, ARTICLE IV. Renunciation of If a German naturalized in America renewss his residence in North naturalization. Germany without the intent to return to America, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Recicprocally, if an American naturalized in North Germany renews his residence ili the United States, without the intent to return to North Germany, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in North Germany. Intent not to re- The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalturn. ized in the one country resides more than two years in the other countryo ARTICLE. Duration of con- The present convention shall go into effect immediately on the venltion. exchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force for ten years. If neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by His M'ajesty the King of Prussia, in the name of the North German Confederation; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at,Berlin within six mdnths fro m the date hereof. Signatures. In faith whereof, the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this convention. Date. B3ELIN, tIhe 22d of February, 1868. G'EORGE BA NCROFT. [SEAL.] BERNJHA ED KiONIG. [SEAL.] June 12, 1871. PRTOCOL. Protocol. tWhereas a convention was made on the 22d of February, 18,868, between the United States of America and the North German Confederation, to regulate the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to the territory of the North German Confederation, and from the North1 German Confederation to the United States of America; And whereas the Senate of the United States of Amlerica, to leave no doubt of the, true interpretation of the first article of the said conventiona did, on the 26th day of IMarch, 1868, adopt as the conclusion of the said article an amendment in the words following, to wit: Amendmen t t o t' This article shall apply as well to those already naturalized in either Article I. country as those hereafter naturalized;" And whereas this amendment was communicated by the Ufiited States to the Government of the North German Confederatibn before the Cxchange of ratifications- of the convention, and was then accepted by the North German Confederation as the true and only just interpretation of the said first article of the said convention: T5he undclersigned Plenipotentiaries, whlo were formerly appointed to treat on the regulation of citizenship as aforesaid andC who concluded and signed the said1 convention of the 22d of Fesbruary, 1808, that is to say NORTH GER[MAN UNION, lS68. 577 George Bancroft, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, and Bernhard Kdnig, Privy Councillor of Legation, have this day met, and being duly authorized, have agreed to and signed and exchanged the present protocol. The said amendment is recognized by the United States of America Effect of amend and by the North German Confederation as a part of the convention Ient. between the United States of America and the North German Confederationi, of which the ratifications were exchanged on the 9th clay of May, 1868. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed, sealed, and ex- Signatures. changed this protocol. Berlin, the 12th day of June, 1871. Dante. GEORGE BANCROFT. [SEAL.] BERNH ARD KONiG. [SEAL.] R S Iv 37 578 PUBLIC TREATIES. OLD ENB U 11G. OLDENBURG, 1847. [Oldenburg became a State in North German Union under the constitution of the latter, which took effect July 1, 1867.] March 10, 1847. DECLARATION OF ACCESSION OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF OLDENBURG TO THE TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION OF JUNE 10, 1846, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KIING OF HANOVER, SIGNED MARCH 10, 1847. Preamble..Whereas a treaty of navigation and commerce between the United [See treaty of States of America and His Majesty the King of Hanover was con1846 with Ha1 - eluded at Hanover on the 10th day of June last, by the Plenipotentiaover, pp. 391-396.]" ries of the contracting parties, and was subsequently duly ratified on the part of both Governments; And whereas by the terms of the twelfth article of the same,'" the United States agree to extend all the advantages and privileges contained in the stipulations of the present treaty to one or more of the other States of the Germanic Confederation, which may wish to accede to them, by means of an official exchange of declarations; provided that such State or States shall confer similar favors upon the said United States to those conferred by the Kingdom of Hanover, and observe and be subject to the same conditions, stipulations, and obligations;" And whereas the Government of His Royal Highness the Grand Duke, of Oldenburg has signified its desire to accede to the said treaty, and to all the stipulations and provisions therein contained, so far as the same are or may be applicable to the two countries, and to become a party thereto; that is to say, to all the said stipulations and provisions, excepting only those relating to the Stade and the Weser tolls, in which the Government of Oldenburg has no interest, and over which it has no control: Declarati o n o f NoW therefore the undersigned, Baron W. E. de Beaulieu Marconnay, accession. of of the Privy Council of His Royal Higness, and at the head of the Department of Foreign Affairs, on the part of Oldenburg, and A. D. Mann, Special Agent on the part of the United States, invested with full powers to this effect, found in good and due form, have this day signed in duplicate, and have exchanged this declaration of the accession (hereby agreed to on the part of the United States) of His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, for the Duchy of Oldenburg, to the treaty aforesaid, the effect of which accession and agreement is hereby declared to be to establish the said treaty between the high parties to this declaration as fully and perfectly, to all intents and purposes, as if all the provisions therein contained, excepting as above excepted, had been recited word for word in a separate treaty, concluded and ratified between them in the ordinary form. Signatures. In witness whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have hereto Date. affixed their names and seals. Done at Oldenburg this tenth day of March,' 1847. W. E. VON BEAULIEU MARCONNAY. [L. s.] A. DUDLEY MANN. [L. S.j OLDENBURG-, 1853. 579 OLDENBURG, 1853. DECLARATION OF ACCESSION OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE Dec. 30,1853. OF OLDENBURG TO THE EXTRADITION CONVENTION OF JUNE 16, 1852, WITH PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES, SIGNED DECEMBER 30, 1853; PROCLAIMED MARCH 21, 1854. Declaration of accession -"- to convention of June 16, 1852, between the United States and Prussia and other states of the Germanic Confederation, for extradition of criminals. Whereas a treaty for the reciprocal extradition of fugitive criminals, Preamble. in special cases, was concluded between Prussia and other States of the [See treaty with Germanic Confederation, on the one hand, and the United States of Prussia and other North America on the other, under date of June 16th, 1852, at Washing- 663.] ton, by the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, and has been ratified by the contracting Governments; and whereas, in the second article of the same, the United States of North America have declared that they agree that the stipulations of the aforesaid treaty shall be applicable to every other State of the Germanic Confederation which shall have subsequently declared its accession to the treaty: Now, there- Declarati o n o f fore, in accordance therewith, the Government of His Royal Highness accession. the Grand Duke of Oldenbnrg hereby declares its accession to the aforesaid treaty of June 16th, 1852, which is, word for word, as follows: [The original declaration here includes a copy in German of the treaty of June 16, 1852, and of the additional article thereto of November 16, 1852.] and hereby expressly gives assurance that each and every article and stipulation of this treaty shall be faithfully observed and enforced within the territory of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg. In testimony whereof, the Grand Ducal Minister of State of Olden- Signatures. burg, in the name of His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, has executed the present declaration of accession, and caused the Ministerial seal to be affixed thereto. Done at Oldenburg, December 30th, one thousand eight hundred and Date. fifty-three. [L. S.] VON ROSSING, Grand Ducal Minister of State of Oldenburg. * Translation. 580 1PUBLIC TREATIES. ORANGE FREE STATE. ORANGE FREE STATE, 1871. Dec. 22, 1871. CONVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND EXTRADITION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE ORANGE FREE STATE, CONCLUDED AT BLOEMFONTEN DECEMBER 22, 1871; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 24, 1872; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 27, 1872; RATIFIED BY VOLKERAAD OF ORANGE FREE STATE MAY 10, 1872; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON AUGUST 18, 1873; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 13, 1873. Genleral convention of friendship, commerce, and extradition between the United States of America and the Orange Free State. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Orange Free State, equally ties. animated by the desire to draw more closely the bonds of friendshipwhich so ha~ppily exist between the two republics, as well as to augment, by all the means at their disposal, the commercial intercourse of their respective citizens, have mutually resolved to conclude a general convention of friendship, commerce, and extradition. Negotiators. For this purpose they have appointed as their plenipotentiaries, to wit: The President of the United States, Willard W. Edgcomb, special agent of the United States, and their consul at the Cape of Good Hope, and, the President of the Orange Free State, Friedrich Kaufman fH6hne, gov. secty., who, after a communication of their respective full powers, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Reciproca, equal- The citizens of the United States of America and the citizens of the ity of citizens. Orange Free State shall be admitted and treated upon a footing of reciprocal equality in the two countries, where suchl admission and treatment shall not conflict with the constitutional or legal provisions of the contracting parties. No pecuniary or other more burdensome condition shall be imposed upon them than upon the citizens of the country where they reside, nor any condition whatever to which -the latter shall not be subject. Not to include The foregoing privileges, however, shall not extend to the enjoyment political rights. of political rights. ARTICLE II. Exemption from The citizens of one of the two countries residing or established in the military service. other shall be free from personal military service; but they shall be liable to the pecuniary or other contributions which may be required, by way of compensation, from citizens of the country where they reside, who are exempt from the said service. Imposts. No higher impost, under whatever name, shall be exacted from the citizens of one of the two countries residing or established in the other than shall be levied upon citizens of the country in which they reside, nor any contribution whatever to which the latter shall not be liable. Agreem e n t i n In case of war, or of the seizure or occupation of property for public case of Lwar. purposes, the citizens of one of the two countries residing or established in the other shall be placed upon an equal footing with the citizens of the country in which they reside with respect to indcemnities for damages they may halve sustained. ORANGE FREE STATE, 1871. 581 ARTICLE III. The citizens of each one of the.contracting parties shall have power Disposal and into dispose of their personal property within the jurisdiction of the other, heritance of perby sale, testament, donation, or in any other manner, and their heirs, sonal property whether by testament or ab intest'ato, or their successors, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to the said property or inherit it. and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them; they may dispose of the same as they may think proper, paying no other charges than those to which the inhabitants of the country wherein the said property is situated shall be liable to pay in a similar case. In the absence of such heir, heirs, or other successors, the same care shall be taken by the authorities for the preservation of the property that would be taken for the preservation of the property of a native of the same country, until the lawful proprietor shall have had time to take measures for possessing himself of the same. But in case real estate situated within the territories of one of the Heirs to real escontracting parties should fall to a citizen of the other party, who, on tate. account of his being an alien, could not be permitted to hold such property, there shall be accorded to the said heir or other successor such term as the laws will permit to sell such property; he shall be at liberty at all times to withdraw and export the proceeds thereof without difficulty, and without paying to the government any other charges than those which, in a similar case, would be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which the real estate may be situated. ARTICLE IV. Any controversy which may arise among the claimants to the prop- Decision of conerty of a decedent shall be decided according to the laws and by the troversies. judges-of the country in which the property may be situated. ARTICLE V. The contracting parties give to each other the privilege of having Consular officers. each in their respective States, consuls and vice-consuls of their own. appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges as those of the most favored nation. But before any consul or vice-consul shall act as such, he shall, in Exeqnaturs. the ordinary form, be approved by the government of the country in which his functions are to be discharged. In their private and business transactions, consuls and vice-consuls, sihall be submitted to the same laws arid usages as private individuals, citizens of the place in which they reside. It is hereby understood that in case of offence against the laws, by a consul or vice-consul, the government from which [he received] his exequatur may withdraw the same, send him away from the country, or have him punished in conformity with the laws, assigning to the other government its reason for so doing. The archives and papers belonging to the consulates shall be inviolate, Inviolability of and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate or other function- arhlives. ary inspect, seize, or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE VI. Neither of the contracting parties shall impose any higher or other Equality of duduties upon the importation, exportation, or transit of the natural or ties. industrial products of the other, than are or shall be payable upon the. like articles being the produce of any other country. ARTICLE VITI. Each of the contracting parties hereby engages not to grant any Favors granted favor in commerce to anv nation which shall not immediately be enjoyed to other nations to by the other party. v become conlmon. 582 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VIIT. Extraditio n of The United States of America and the Orange Free State, on requicriminralals. sitions made in their name through the medium of their respective diplomatic or consular agents, shall deliver up to justice persons who, being charged with the crimes enumerated in the following article, colmmitted within the jurisdiction of the requiring party, shall seek asylum, Evidence ofcrim- or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That inality. this shall be done only when the fact of the commission of the crime shall be so established as to justify their apprehension and commitment for trial if the crime had been committed in the country where the person so accused shall be found. ARTICLE IX. Crimes for which Persons shall be delivered up according to the, provisions of this conaelivery may be vention who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit: made. Murder, (including assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poisoning;) attempt to commit murder; rape; forgery, or the emission of forged papers; arson; robbery, with violence, intim[id]ation, or forcible entry of an inhabited house; piracy; embezzlement by public officers, or by persons hired or salaried, to the detriment of their employers, when these'crimes are subject to infamous punishment. ARTICLE X. Surrender, how The surrender shall be made by executives of the contracting parties nadcle. respectively. ARTICLE XI. Expense of de- The expense of detention and delivery effected pursuant to the pretention and deliv- ceding articles shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. cry. ARTICLE XII. Political offenses, The provisions of the aforegoing articles relating to the surrender of &c., not included. flgitiVe criminals shall not apply to offences committed before the date hereof, nor to those of a political character. ARTICLE XIII. Duration of con- The present convention is concluded for the period of ten years from vention. the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if, one year before the expiration of that period, neither of the contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification, its intention to the other to arrest the operations of the said convention, it shall continue binding for twelve months longer, and so on from year to year until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar declaration; whatever the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE XIV. Ratification. This convention shall be submitted on both sides to the approval and ratification of the respective competent authorities, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington as soon as circumstances shall admit. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Date.:Done in quradruplicate at Bloemfonten this 22d day of Decelmber, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventS-one. W. W. EDGCOMBE. [SEAL.I F. K. OHNE. [SEAL.] OTTOMIAN EMPIRE, 1830. 583 OTTOMAN EMPIRE. OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1830. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES May 7,1830. OF AMERICA AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, CONCLUDED MAY 7, 1830; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 1. 1831; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 2, 1831; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CONSTANTINOPLE OCTOBER 5, 1831; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 4, 1832. Treaty 2with the Ottoman Porte.* The object of this firm instrument, and the motive of this writing well Preamble. drawn up, is, that — No treaty or diplomatic and official convention having heretofore existed between the Sublime Porte, of perpetual duration, and the United States of America, at this time, in consideration of the desire formerly expressed, and of repeated propositions which have lately been renewed by that Power, and in consequence of the wish entertained by the Sublime Porte to testify to the United States of America its Contracting tarsentiments of friendship, we, the undersigned Commissioner, invested ties. with the high office of Chief of the Chancery of State of the Sublime Porte, existing forever, having been permitted by His very Noble Imperial Majesty to negotiate and conclude a treaty, and having thereupon Negotiators. conferred with our friend the Honorable Charles Rhind, who has come to this Imperial Residence furnished with full powers to negotiate, settle, and conclude the articles of a treaty, separately and jointly with the other two Commissioners, Commodore Biddle and David Offley, now at Smyrna, have arranged, agreed upon, and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Merchants of the Sublime Porte, whether Mussulmans or layalhs, Privileges of going and coming in the countries, provinces, and ports of the United merchants States of America, or proceeding from one port to another, or from the ports of the United States to those of other countries, shall pay the same duties and other imposts that are paid by the most favored nations; and they shall not be vexed by the exaction of higher duties; and, in travelling by sea and by land, all the privileges and distinctions observed towards the sulbjects of other Powers shall serve as a rule, and shall be observed towards the merchants and subjects of the Sublime Porte. In like manner, American morchants who shall come to the welldefended countries and ports of the Sublime Porte shall pay the same duties and other imposts that are paid by merchants of the most favored friendly Powers, and they shall not, in any way, be vexed or molested; on both sides travelling passports shall be granted. ARTICLE II. The Sublime Porte may establish Shahbenders (Consuls) in the United Consuls. States of America, and the United States may appoint their citizens to be Consuls or Vice-Consuls at the commercial places in the dominions of the Sublime Porte where it shall be found needful to superintend the affatirs of commerce. These Consuls or VTice-Consuls shall be furnished with berats or firmans; they shall enjoy suitable distinction, and shall have necessary aid and protection. * Translation from the original, which is in the Turkish language. 584 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE III. Employment of American merchants established in the well-defended States of the brokers. Sublime Porte for purposes of commerce shall have liberty to employ semsars, (brokers,) of any nation or religion, in like manner as merchants of other friendly Powers; and they shall not be disturbed in their affairs, nor shall they be treated, in any way, contrary to estabAmerican v e s - lished usages. American vessels arriving at or departing from the sels. ports of the Ottoman Empire shall not be subjected to greater visit by the officers of the custom-house and the Chancery of the Port than vessels of the most favored nations. AITI(CLE IV. Settlementofdcis- If litigations and disputes should arise between the subjects of the putes. Sublime Porte and citizens of the United States, the parties shall not be heard, nor shall judgment be pronounced unless the American Dragoman be present. Causes in which the sum may exceed five hundred piastres, shall be submitted to the Sublime Porte, to be decided accordJurisdiction over ing to the laws of equity and justice. Citizens of the United States of American citizens. America, quietly pursuing their commerce, and not being charged or convicted of any crime or offence, shall not be molested; and even when.they may have committed some offence they shall not be arrested and put in prison, by the local authorities, but they shall be tried by their Minister or Consul, and punished according to their offence, following, in this respect, the usage observed towards other Franks. ARTICLE V. United State s American merchant vessels that trade to the dominions of the Subflagtoberespected. lime Porte, may go and come in perfect safety with their own flag; but they shall not take the flag of any other Power, nor shall they grant their flag to the vessels of other nations and Powers, nor to vessels of rayahs. The Minister, Consuls, and Vice-Consuls of the United States shall not protect, secretly or publicly, the rayahs of the Sublime Porte, and they shall never suffer a departure from the principles here laid down and agreed to by mutual consent. ARTICLE VI. Conduct of ves- Vessels of war of the two contracting parties, shall observe towards sels of wsar. each other, demonstrations of friendship and good intelligence, according to naval usage; and towards merchant vessels they shall exhibit the same kind and courteous manner. ARTICLE VII. Passage of th e Merchant vessels of the United States. in like manner as vessels of Ddalrlanelles. tthe most favored nations, shall have liberty to pass the Canal of the Imperial Residence, and go and come in the Black Sea, either laden or in ballast; and they may be laden with the produce, manufactures, and effects of the Ottoman Empire, excepting such as are prohibited, as well as of their own country. ARTICLE VIII. Ships not to be 3Merchant vessels of the two contracting Parties shall not be forcibly impressed. taken, for the shipment of troops, munitions and other objects of war, if the captains or proprietors of the vessels shall be unwilling to freight them. ARTICLE IX. Wrecks. If any merchant vessel of either of thle contracting parties should be wrecked, assistance and protection shall be afforded to those of the OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1862. 585 crew that may be saved; and the merchandise and effects, which it may be possible to save and recover, shall be conveyed to the Consul nearest to the place of the wreck, to be, by him, delivered to the proprietors. CONCLUSION. The foregoing articles, agreed upon and concluded between the Signatures. Riasset (Chancery of State,) and the above-mentioned Commissioner of the United States, when signed by the other two commissioners, shall be exchanged. In ten months from the date of this temessuck, or in- Ratifications. struments of treaty, the exchange of the ratifications of the two Powers shall be made, and the articles of this treaty shall have full force anId be strictly observed by the two contracting Powers. Given the 14th day of the moon Zilcaade, and in the year of the Date. Hegira 1245, corresponding with the 7th day of May, of the year 1830 of the Christian Bera. 1MOHAMMED HAMED, Reis-ul l-Ktab, ( Reis _Effendi.) OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1862. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES Feb. 25, 1862. OF AMERTCA AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, CONCLUDED AT CONSTANTINOPLE FEBRUARY 25, 1862; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 9, 1862; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1862; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CONSTANTINOPLE JUNE 5, 1862; PROCLAIMED JULY 2, 1862. Treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States of America and the Ottoman EmLpire. The United States of America, on the one part, and His Imperial Contracting parMajesty the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, on the other part, being ties. equally animated by the desire of extending the commercial relations between their respective countries, have agreed, for this purpose, to conclude a treaty of commerce and navigation, and have named as their respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Edward Joy Morris, Negotiators. Minister Resident at the Sublime Porte; and His Imperial Majesty the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, His Highness Mehemed Emin Aali Pacha, Minister of Foreign Affairs, decorated with the Imperial Orders of the Othmanieh in Brilliants, the Majidieh, and Order of Merit of the first class, and the Grand Crosses of several foreign orders; Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. All rights, privileges, and immunities, which have been conferred on Privileges of citthe citizens or vessels of the United States of America by the treaty izens of the United States in Ottoman already existing between the United States of America-and the Otto- Dominions. man Empire, are confirmed, now and forever, with the exception of CSee treaty of those clauses of the said treaty which it is the object of the present 1830, pp. 583-585.1 treaty to mnodifyr; and it is moreover expressly stipulated that all rights, privileges, or immunities, which the Sublime Porte now grants, or may hereafter grant to, or suffer to be enjoyed by the subjects, ships, commerce, or navigation of any other foreign Power, shall be equally granted to and exercised and enjoyed by the citizens, vessels, commerce, and navigation of the United States of America. 586 PUBLIC TREATIES. A'TrICLE II. Purchase of The citizens of the United States of America, or their agents, shall be goods. permitted to purchase, at all places in the Ottoman Empire and its possessions, (whether for the purposes of internal trade or of exportation,) all articles, without any exception whatsoever, the produce or manufacture of the said Empire and possessions; and the Sublime Porte hlaving, in virtue of the second article of the convention of commerce of the 16th of August, 1838, with Great Britain, formally engaged to abolish all monopolies of agricultural produce, or of every other article "Permits" abol- whatsoever, as well as all " permits " (tezkerehs) from the local Goverishbed. nors, either for the purchase of any article or for its removal from one place to another when purchased, any attempt to compel the citizens of the United States of America to receive such 1" permits" from the local Governors shall be considered as an infraction of this treaty, and the Sublime Porte shall immediately punish with severity any Viziers or other officers who shall have been guilty of such misconduct, and shall render fall justice to citizens of the United States of America for all losses or injuries which they may duly prove themselves to have suffered thereby. ARTICLE III. Internal duties. If any articles of Ottoman produce or manufacture be purchased -by citizens of the United States of America, or their agents, for the purpose of selling the same for internal consumption in Turkey, the said citizens, or their agents, shall pay at the purchase and sale of such articles, and in any manner of trade therein, the same duties that are paid in similar circumstances by the most favored class of Ottoman subjects, or of foreigners in the internal trade of the Ottoman Empire. ARTICLE IV. Equality of du- No other or higher duties or charges shall be imposed in the dominties on exports. ions and possessions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any article to the dominions and possessions of the other, than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like article to Equality of pro- any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the hibitions. exportation of any article from the dominions and possessions of either of the two contracting Powers to the dominions and possessions of the other, which shall not equally extend to the exportation of the like article to any other country. L i m i t, a tion of No charge or duty whatsoever will be demanded on any article of export duty in Ot- Ottoman produce or manufacture purchased by citizens of the United toman dominions. States of America, or their agents, either at the place where such article is purchased, or in its transit from that place to the place whence it is exported, at which it will be subject to an export duty not exceeding eight per cent., calculated on the value at the place of shipment, and payable on exportation; and all articles which shall once have paid this duty shall not again be liable to the same duty, however they may have changed hands within any part of the Ottoman Empire. Annual red uc- It is furthermore agreed that the duty of eight per cent. above mention. tioned will be annually reduced by one per cent., until it shall be in this manner finally reduced to a fixed duty of one per cent. ad valorem, destined to cover the general expenses of administration and control. ARTICLE V. Equality of du- No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into ties on imports. the United States of America of any article the produce or manufacture [SeeArticleXIV.] of the dominions and possessions of His Ilnperial Majesty the Sultan, from whatever place arriving, whether by sea or by land; and no other or hligher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the dominions OTTOMAN EMPIRE: 1862. 587 and possessions of His Imperial M;ajesty of any article the produce or.manufacture of the United States of America, from whatever place arriving, than are or may be payable on the like article the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be hEquality of promaintained or imposed on the importation of any article the produce or manufacture of the dominions and possessions of either of the contracting parties into the dominions and possessions of the other, which shall not equally extend to the importation of the like articles being the produce or manufacture of any other country. His Imperial Majesty further engages that, save as hereinafter ex- Limitation ofimcepted, he will not prohibit the importation into his dominions and port dutiesinOttopossessions of any article the produce and manufacture of the United mran dominions. States of America, from whatever place arriving; and that the duties to be imposed on every article the produce or manufacture of the Tnited States of America imported into the Empire and possessions of His Imperial Majesty the Sultan shall in no case exceed one fixed rate of eight per cent. ad valorem, or a specific duty, fixed by common consent, equivalent thereto. Such rate shall be calculated upon the value of such articles at the wharf, and shall be payable at the time of their being landed, if brought by sea, or at the first custom-house they may reach, if brought by land. If these articles, after having paid the import duty of eight per cent., Re-export:ations. are sold, either at the place of their arrival or in the interior of the [See Article XII.] country, neither the buyer nor the seller shall be charged with any further duty in respect to them; and if such articles should not be sold for consumption in the Ottoman Empire, but should be re-exported within the space of six months, the same shall be considered as merchandise in transit by land, and be treated as it is stated hereinafter in Article XII of this treaty; the administration of the customs being bound to restore, at the time of their re-exportation, to the merchant, who shall be required to furnish proof that the goods in question have paid the import duty of eight per cent., the difference between the duty and the duty levied on goods in transit by land, as set forth in the article above cited. ARTICLE VI. It is understood that any article the produce or manufacture of a for- Importations into eign country intended for importation'into the United Principalities of Moldo-WVall;L c h i a MIold(o-Wallachia, or into the Principality of Servia, which shall pass through any other part of the Ottoman Empire, will not be liable to the payment of customs-duty until it reaches those Principalities; and, on Into otller ports the other hand, that any article of foreign produce or manufacture pass- of the 0 t t o In am ing through those Principalities, but destined for some other part of the Empire. Ottman Empire, will not be liable to the payment of customs-duty until such article reaches the first custom-house under the direct administration of the Sublime Porte. The same course shall be followed with respect to any article the pro- Samne rule as to duce or manufacture of those Principalities, as well as with respect to exports. any article the produce or manufacture of any other portion of the Ottoman Empire, intended for exportation. Such articles will be liable to the payment of customs-duties, the former to the custom-house of the aforesaid Principalities, and the latter to the Ottoman custom-house; the object being that neither import nor export duties shall inl any case be payable more, than once. ARTICLE VII. The subjects and citizens of the contracting parties shall enjoy, in the War o h o using, dominions and possessions of thel other, equality of treatment with na- bounties, drawtive subjects or citizens in regard to warehousing, and also in regard to backs, &c. bounties, facilities, and drawbacks. 588 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VIII. Imports and ex- All articles which are or may be legally importable into the United ports in vessels of States of America, in vessels of the United States, may likewise be ilaeither -party. ported in Ottoman vessels "without being liable to any other or higher duties or charges, of whatever denomination, than if such articles were imported in vessels of the United States; and, reciprocally, all articles which are or may be legally importable into the dominions and possessions of His Imperial Majesty the Sultan in Ottoman vessels, may likewise be imported in vessels of the United States without being liable to any other or higher duties or charges, of whatever denomination, than if such articles were imported in Ottoman vessels. Such reciprocal equality of treatment shall take effect without distinction, whether such articles come directly from the place of origin or from any other country. In the same manner there shall be perfect equality of treatment inll regard to exportation, so that the same export duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, in the dominions and possessions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any article which is, or may be, legally exportable therefrom, whether such exportations shall take place in Ottoman or in vessels of the United States, and whatever may be the place of destination, whether a port of either of the contracting parties, or of any third Power. A3RTICLE IX. Tonnage duties. No duties of tonnage, harbour, pilotage, light-house, quarantine, or other similar or corresponding duties of whatever nature, or under whatever denomination, levied in the name or for the profit of Government, public frinctionaries, private individuals, corporations, or establishments of any kind, shall be imposed in the ports of the dominions and possessions of either country upon the vessels of the other country, which shall not equally, and under the same conditions, be imposed, in the like cases, on national vessels in general. Such equality of treatment shall apply reciprocally to the respective vessels, from whatever port or place they may arrive, and whatever may be their place of destination. ARTICLE X. Nationality of All vessels which, according to the laws of the United States, are to vessels. be deemed vessels of the United States, and all vessels which, according to Ottoman laws, are to be deemed Ottoman vessels, shall, for the purposes of this treaty, be deemed vessels of the United States and Ottoman vessels respectively. ARTICLE XI. Free passage of No charge whatsoever shall be made upon goods of the United States, td Barhoauelles being the produce or manufacture of the United States of America, whether in vessels of the United States or other vessels, nor upon any goods the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country carried in vessels-of the United States, when the same shall pass through the Straits of the Dardanelles, or of the Bosphorus, whether such goods shall pass through those straits in the vessels that brought them, or shall have been transhipped to other vessels; or whether, after having been sold for exportation, they shall, for a certain limited time, be landed, in order to be placed in other vessels for the continuance of their voyage. In the latter case, the goods in question shall be deposited at Constantinople, in the magazines of the custom-house, called transit magazines; and &, in any other places where there is no entrepot, they shall be placed under the charge of the administration of the customs. OTTOMAX. EMPIRE, 1862. 589 ARTICLE XII. The Sublime Porte, desiring to grant, by means of gradual concessions, Transit duty. all facilities in its power to transit by land, it is stipulated and agreed that the duty of three per cent., levied up to this time on articles imported into the Ottoman Empire, in their passage through the Ottoman Empire to other countries, shall be reduced to two per cent., payable as the duty of three per cent. has been paid hitherto, on arriving in the Ottoman dominions; and at the end of eight years, to be reckoned from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, to a fixed and definite tax of one per cent., which shall be levied, as is to be the case with respect to Ottoman produce exported, to defray the expense of registration. The Sublime Porte, at the same time, declares that it reserves to itself Revenue frauds. the right to establish, by a special enactment, the measures to be adopted for the prevention of fraud. ARTICLE XIII. Citizens of the United States of America, or their agents, trading in Pri v i l egos of goods the produce or manufacture of foreign countries, shall be subject traders. to the same taxes and enjoy the same rights, privileges, and immunities, as foreign subjects dealing in goods the produce or manufacture of their own country. ARTICLE XIV. An exception to the stipulations laid down inll the fifth article shall be Tobacco a un d made in regard to tobacco in any shape whatsoever, and also in regard salt. to salt, which two articles shall cease to be included among those which the citizens of the United States of America are permitted to import into the Ottoman dominions. Citizens of the United States, however, or their agents, buying or selling tobacco or salt for consumption in the Ottoman Empire, shall be subject to the same regulations and shall pay the same duties as the most favored Ottoman subjects trading in the two articles aforesaid; and furthermore, as a compensation for the prohibition of the two articles above mentioned, no duty whatsoever shall in future be levied on those articles when exported from the Ottoman Empire by citizens of the United States. Citizens of the United States shall, nevertheless, be bound to declare the quantity of tobacco and salt thus exported to the proper customhouse authorities, who shall, as heretofore, have the right to watch over the export of these articles, without thereby being entitled to levy any tax thereon on any pretence whatsoever. ARTICLE XV. It is understood between the two contracting parties that the Sublime Gunp ow d e r, Porte reserves to itself the faculty and right of issuing a general pro- arms, &C. hibition against the importation into the Ottoman Empire of gunpowder, cannon, arms of war, or military stores, but such prohibition will not come into operation until it shall have been officially notified, and will apply only to the articles mentioned in the decree enacting the prohibition. Any of these articles which have not been so specifically prohibited shall, on being imported into the Ottoman Empire, be subject to the local regulations, unless the legation of the United States of America shall think fit to apply for a special license, which will in that case be granted, provided no valid objection thereto can be alleged. Gunpowder, in particular, when allowed to be imported, will be liable to the following stipulations: 1. It shall not be sold by citizens of the United States in quanuititieS exceeding the quaintities prescribed by the local rcgulations, 5C9)0 PUBLIC TREATIES. 2. When a cargo or a large quantity of gunpowder arrives in an Ottoman port, on board a vessel of the United States, such vessel shall be anchored at a particular spot, to be designated by the local authorities, and the gunpowder shall thence be conveyed, under the inspection of such authorities, to depots, or fitting places designated by the Government, to which the parties interested shall have access under due regulations. Fowling-pieces, pistols, and ornamental or fancy weapons, as also small quantities of gunpowder for sporting, reserved for private use, shall not be subject to the stipulations of the present article. ARTICLE XVI. Firmans. The firmans required for merchant-vessels of the United States of America, on passing through the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, shall always be delivered in such manner as to occasion to such vessels the least possible delay. ARTICLE XVII. MIanifests. Tile captains of merchant-vessels of the United States laden with geoods destined for the Ottoman Empire shall be obliged, immediately on their arrival at the port of their destination, to deposit in the custom-house of said port a true copy of their manifest. ARTICLE XVIII. Confiscation o f Contraband goods will be liable to confiscation by the Ottoman contraband goods. treasury; but a report or proc's verbal of the alleged act of contraband must, so soon as the said goods are seized by the authorities, be drawn up and communicated to the consular authority of the citizen or subject to whom. the goods said to be contraband shall belong; and no goods can be confiscated as contraband unless the fraud with regard to them shall be duly and legally proved. ARTICLE XIX. Ottoman pro- All merchandise the produce or manufacture of the Ottoman dominducts in United ions and possessions, imported into the United States of America, shall States. be treated in the same manner as the like merchandise the produce or manufacture of the most favored nation. Privileges of All rights, privileges, or immunities, which are now or may hereafter Ottoman subjects be granted to, or suffered to be eqjoyed by, the subjects, vessels, comilu t h e United merce, or navigation of any foreign Power in the United States of America shall be equally granted to, and exercised and enjoyed by, the subjects, vessels, commerce, and navigation of the Sublime Porte. ARTICLE XX. Effeti and dura- The present treaty, when ratified, shall be substituted for the commercial.convention of the 16th of August,,1838, between the Sublime Porte and Great Britain, on the footing of which the commerce of the United States of America has been heretofore placed, and shall continue in force for 28 years from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and each of the two contracting parties being, however, at liberty to give to the other, at the end of 14 years, (that time being fixed, as the provisions of this treaty will then have come into full force,) notice for its revision, or for its determination at the expiration of a year from the date of that notice, and so again at the end of 21 years. The present treaty shall receive its execution in all and every one of the provinces of the Ottoman Empire; that is to say, in all the possessionsof His Imperial Majiesty the Sultan, situated in Europe or in Asia, in OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1862. 591 Egypt, and in the other parts of Africa belonging to the Sublime Porte, in Servia, and in the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. ARTICLE XXI. It is always understood that the Government of the United States of Treaty construeAmerica does not pretend, by any article in the present treaty, to stipu- tions. late for more than the plain and fair construction of the terms employed, nor to preclude in any manner the Ottoman Government from the exercise of its rights of internal administration where the exercise of these rights does not evidently infringe upon the privileges accorded by ancient treaties, or by the present treaty, to citizens of the United States or their merchandise. ARTICLE XXII. The high contracting parties have agreed to appoint, jointly, commis- Tariff of customsioners for the settlement of a tariff of custom-house duties, to be levied hotuse duties. in conformity with the stipulations of the present treaty, as well upon merchandise of every description being the produce or manufacture of the United States of America imported into the Ottoman Empire, as upon articles of every description the produce or manufacture of the Ottoman Empire and its possessions, which citizens of the United States or their agents are free to purchase in any part of the Ottoman Empire for exportation to the United States or to any other country. The new tariff, to be so concluded, shall remain in force during seven years, dlating from the date of the exchange of the ratifications. Each of the contracting parties shall have the right, a year before the expiration of that term, to demand the revision of the tariff. But if, during the seventh year, neither the one nor the other of the contracting parties shall avail itself of this right, the tariff then existing shall continue to have the force of law for seven years more, dating from the day of the expiration of the seven preceding years; and the same shall be the case with respect to every successive period of seven years. ARTICLE XXIII. The present treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be ex- Ratifications. changed at Constantinople in three calendar months, or sooner if pos- Signatures. sible, and shall be carried into execution when ratified. Done at Constantinople on the twenty-fifth day of February, eighteen Date. hundred and sixty-two. EDWARD JOY MOBRIS. [L. S.] AALI. [L. S.] 592 PUBLIC TREATIES. PARAGUAY. PARAGUAY, 1859. Feb. 4, 1859. CONVENTION WITH PARAGUAY RELATIVE TO THE CLAIMS OF THE UNITED STATES AND PARAGUAY NAVIGATION COMPANY, CONCLUDED AT ASSUMPTION FEBRUARY 4. 1859; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 16, 1860; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 7, 1860; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 7, 1860; PROCLAIMED MARCH 12, 1860. Special convention between the United States of America and the Republic of Paraguay, relating to the claims of the " United States and Paraguayan lavigaCtion Company" against the Pcaraguayan government. Contracting pa~r His Excellency the President of the United States of America, and ties. His Excellency the President of the Republic of Paraguay, desiring to remove every cause that might interfere with the good understanding and harmony, for a time so unhappily interrupted, between the two nations, and now so happily restored, and which it is so much for their interest to maintain; and desiring for this purpose to come to a definite understanding, equally just and honorable to both nations, as to the mode of settling a pending question of the said claims of the " United States and Paraguay TNavigation Company' —a company composed of citizens of the United States —against the Government of Paraguay, have agreed to refer the same to a special and respectable commission, to be organized and regulated by the convention hereby established between the two high contracting parties; and for this purpose they have appointed and conferred full powers, respectively, to wit: Negotiators. His Excellency the President of the United States of America upon James B. Bowlin, a Special Commissioner of the said United States of America, specifically charged and empowered for this purpose; and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Paraguay upon Sefior Nicholas Vasquez, Secretary of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the said Republic of Paraguay; Who, after exchanging their full powers, which were found in good and proper form, agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Decree of corn- The Government of the Republic of Paraguay binds itself for the missioners. responsibility in favor of the " United States and Paraguay Navigation Company," which may result from the decree of commissioners, who, it is agreed, shall be appointed as follows: ARETICLE II. Appointment of The two high contracting parties, appreciating the difficulty of agreecommissioners. ing upon the amount otfthe reclamations to which the-said company may be entitled, and being convinced that a commission is the only equitable and honorable method by which the two countries can arrive at a perfect understanding thereof, hereby covenant to adjust them accordingly by a loyal commission. To determine the amount of said reclamations, it is, therefore, agreed to constitute such a commission, whose decision shall be binding, in the following manner: The Government of the United States of America shall appoint one ColI.missioner, and. tihe ovecrnmnut o, f PT>raguay shall appoiuil.. notlher; PARAGUAY, 1859. 593 and these two, in case of disagreement, shall appoint a third, said Selection of umappointment to devolve upon a person of loyalty and impartiality, with pire. the condition that in case of difference between the Commissioners in the choice of an Umpire, the diplomatic representatives of Russia and Prussia, accredited to the Government of the United States of America, at the city of Washington, may select such Umpire. The two Commissioners named in the said manner shall meet in the city of Washington to investigate, adjust, and determine the amount of. the claims of the above-mentioned company, upon sufficient proofs of the charges and defences of the contending parties. ARTICLE III. The said Commissioners, before entering upoi their duties, shall take Oath of commisan oath before some judge of the United States of America that they sioners. will fairly and impartially investigate the said claims, and a just decision thereupon render, to the best of their judgment and ability. ARTICLE IV. The said Commissioners shall assemble, within one year after the rat- Meeting of cornification of the " treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation" this missioners. day celebrated at the city of Assumption between the two high contracting parties, at the city of Washington, in the United States of America, and shall continue in session for a period not exceeding three months, within which, if they come to an agreement, their decision shall be proclaimed; and in case of disagreement, they shall proceed to the appointment of an Umpire as already agreed. ARTICLE T. The Government of Paraguay hereby binds itself to pay to the Gov- Payment of ernment of the United States of America, in the city of Assumption, award. Paraguay, thirty days after presentation to the Government of the Republic, the draft which that of the United States of America shall issue for the amount for which the two Commissioners concurring, or by the Umpire, shall declare it responsible to the said company. ARTICLE VI. Each of the high contracting parties shall compensate the Commis- Expenses of comsioner it may appoint the sum of money he may stipulate for his serv- mission. ices, either by instalments or at the expiration of his task. In case of the appointment of an Umpire, the amount of his remuneration shall be equally borne by both contracting parties. ARTICLE VII. The present convention shall be ratified within fifteen months, or Ratifications. earlier if possible, by the Government of the United States of America, and by the President oF the Republic of Paraguay within twelve days from this date. The exchange of ratifications shall take place in the city of Washington. In faith of which, and in virtue of our full plowers, we have signed Signatures. the present convention in English and Spanish, and have thereunto set our respective seals. Done at Assumption, this fourth day of February, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, being the eighty-third year of the Independence of the United States of America, and the forty-seventh of that of Paraguay. JAMES B. BUWLIN. [SEAL.] NICOLAS VASQUEZ. [SEAL.] R s IV 38 594 PUBLIC TREATIES. PARAG UAY, 1859. Feb. 4, 1859. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF PARAGUAY, CONCLUDED AT ASSUMPTION FEBRUARY 4, 1859; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 27, 1860; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 7, 1860; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 7, 1860; PROCLAIMED MARCH 12, 1860. A treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation between the Governments of the United States of America and of the Republic of Paraguay, concluded and signed in the city of Assumption, the capital of the Republic of Paraguay, on the jburth day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine; the eighty-third year of the independence of the United States of America, and the forty-seventh of that of the Republic of Paraguay. In the name of the Most Holy Trinity. Contracting par- The Governments of the two Republics, the United States of America ties. and of Paraguay, in South America, being mutually disposed to cherish more intimate relations and intercourse than those which have heretofore subsisted between them, and believing it to be of mutual advantage to adjust the conditions of such relations by signing a " treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation," for that object have nominated their respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: Negotiators. His Excellency the President of the United States of America has nominated James B. Bowlin, a Special Commissioner of the United States of America at Assumption, and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Paraguay has nominated the Paraguayan citizen, Nicolas Vasquez, Secretary of State and Minister of Foreign Relations of the Republic of Paraguay; Who, after having communicated competent authorities, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLVE I. Peace andfriend- There shall be perfect peace and sincere friendship between the Govship. ernment of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Paraguay, and between the citizens of both States, and without exception of persons or places. The high contracting parties shall use their best endeavors that this friendship and good understanding may be constantly and perpetually maintained. ARTICLE II. Free navigation The Republic of Paraguay, in the exercise of the sovereign right which of the river Para- pertains to her, concedes to the merchant flag of the citizens of the guay. United States of America the free navigation of the river Paraguay as far as the dominions of the Empire of Brazil, and of the right side of the Paradn throughout all its course belonging to the Republic, subject' to police and fiscal regulations of the Supreme Government of the Republic, in conformity with its concessions to the commerce of friendly Privileges of citi- nations. They shall be at liberty with their ships and cargoes, freely zens of the United and securely to come to and to leave all the places and ports which are State8s. already mentioned; to remain and reside in any part of the said territories; hire houses and warehouses, and trade in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandise of lawful commerce, subject to the usages and established customs of the country. They may discharge the whole or a part of their cargoes at the ports of Pilar, and where comnmerce with other nations may be permitted, or proceed with the whole or part of their cargo to the port of Assumption, according as the captain, owner, or other duly authorized persun shall deem expedient. PARAGUAY, 1859. 595 In the same manner shall be treated and considered such Paraguayan Privileges of citicitizens as may arrive at the ports of the United States of America zens of Paraguay. with cargoes in Paraguayan vessels, or vessels of the United States of America. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties hereby agree that any favor, privi- Favors kranted lege, or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce or navigation, to oher nations to which either contracting party has actually granted, or may hereafter ecom common. grant, to the citizens or subjects of any other State, shall extend, in identity of cases and circumstances, to the citizens of the other contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other State shall have been gratuitous; or in return for an equivalent compensation, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation or Equality of dluexportation of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of ties on products of the two contracting States than are or shall be payable on the like arti- either country cle being the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country. No prohibition shall be imposed upon the importation or exportation of any article of the growth, produce,, or manufacture of the territories of either of the two contracting parties into the territories of the other, which shall not equally extend to the importation or exportation of similar articles to the territories of any other nation. ARTICLE V. No other or higher duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, or Tonnage, light, oJ harbor dues, pilotage, salvage in case of damage or shipwreck, or any harbor dues, &c. other local charges, shall be imposed in any of the ports of the territories of the Republic of Paraguay on vessels of the United States of America than those payable in the same ports by Paraguayan vessels, nor in the ports of the territories of the United States of America on Paraguayan vessels, than shall be payable in the same ports by vessels of the United States of America. ARTICLE VI. The same duties shall be paid upon the importation and exportation Duties on artiof any article which is or may be legally importable or exportable into cles imported in the dominions of the United States of America and into those of Para- ves of either guay, whether such importation or exportation be made in vessels ofp the United States of America or in Paraguayan vessels. ARTICLE VII. All vessels which, according to the laws of the United States of Nationali.t y of America, are to be deemed vessels of the United States of America, and vessels. all vessels which, according to the laws of Paraguay, are to be deemed Paraguayan vessels. shall, for the purposes of this treaty, be deemed vessels of the United States of America and Paraguayan vessels, respectively. ARTICLE VIII. Citizens of the United States of America shall pay, in the territories of Import and exthe Republic of Paraguay, the same import and export duties which are port duties. established or may be established hereafter for Paraguayan citizens. In the same manner the latter shall pay, in the United States of America, the duties which are established or may hereafter be established fbr citizens of the United States of America. 596 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IX. Privileges of res- All merchants, commanders of ships, and others, the citizens of each idents. country, respectively, shall have full liberty, in all the territories of the other, to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they please, as agent, broker, fiactor, or interpreter; and they shall not be obliged to employ any other person than those employed by natives, nor to pay to such persons as they shall think fit to employ any higher salary or remuneration than such as is paid in like cases by natives. The citizens of the United States of America in the territories of Paraguay, and the citizens of Paraguay -in the United States of America, shall enjoy the same full liberty which is now or may hereafter be enjoyed by natives of each country, respectively, to buy from and sell to whom they like all articles of lawful commerce, and to fix the prices thereof as they shall see good, without being affected by any monopoly, contract, or exclusive privilege of sale or purchase, subject, however, to the general ordinary contributions or imposts established by law. Access to courts. The citizens of either of the two contracting parties in the territories of the other shall enjoy full and perfect protection for their persons and property, and shall have free and open access to the courts of justice for the prosecution and defence of their just rights; they shall enjoy, in this respect, the same rights and privileges as native citizens; and they shall be at liberty to employ, in all causes, the advocates, attorneys, or agents, of whatever description, whom they may think proper. ARTICLE X. Personal proper- In whatever relates to the police of the ports, the lading or unlading ty, &c. of ships, the warehousing and safety of merchandise, goods, and effects, the succession to personal estates by will or otherwise, and the disposal of personal property of every sort and denomination by sale, donation, exchange, or testament, or in any other manner whatsoever, as also with regard to the administration of justice, the citizens of each contracting party shall enjoy, in the territories of the other, the samle privileges, liberties, and rights as native citizens, and shall not be charged, in any of these respects, with any other or higher imposts or duties than those which are or may be paid by native citizens, subject always to the local laws and regulations of such territories. Estates of citi- In the event of any citizen of either of the two contracting parties zens dying intes- dying without will or testament in the territory of the other contracting ta~te. party, the Consul-General, Consul, or Vice-Consul, of the nation to which the deceased may belong, or, in his absence, the representative of such Consul- General, Consul, or Vice-Consul, shall, so far as the laws of each country will permit, take charge of the property which the deceased may have left, for the benefit of his lawful heirs and creditors, until an executor or administrator be named by the said Consul-General. Consul, or Vice-Consul, or his representative. ARTICLE XI. Compulsory mil- The citizens of the United States of America residing in the territories itary service. of the Republic of Paraguay, and the citizens of the Republic of Paraguay residing in the United States of America, shall be exempted from all compulsory military service whatsoever, whether by sea or land, and from all forced loans or military exactions or requisitions; and they shall not be compelled to pay any charges, requisition, or taxes other or higher than those that are or may be paid by native citizens. ARTICLE XII. Consuls. It shall be free for each of the two contracting parties to appoint Consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in the territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such he shall, in the usual PARAGUAY, 1859. 597 form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and either of the two contracting parties may except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as either of them may judge fit to be excepted. The Diplomatic Agentos and Consuls of the United States of America Privileges of dipin the territories of the Republic of Paraguay, shall enjoy whatever lomatic a g ent s privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or may be there granted to and consuls. the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of any other nation whatever; and, in like manner, the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the Republic of Paraguay in the United States of America shall enjoy whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or may be there granted to agents of any other nation whatever. ARTICLE XIII. For the better security of commerce between the citizens of the United Rights of resiStates of America and the citizens of the Republic of Paraguay, it is dents in case of agreed that if at any time any interruption of friendly intercourse or war. any rupture should unfortunately take place between the two contracting parties, the citizens of either of the said contracting parties, who may be established in the territories of the other in the exercise of any trade or special employment, shall have the privilege of remaining and. continuing such trade or employment therein without any manner of interruption, in full enjoyment of their liberty and property, as long as they behave peaceably and commit no offence against the laws; and their goods and effects, of whatever description they may be, whether in their own custody or intrusted to individuals or to the State, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, or to any other charges or demands than those which may be made upon the like effects or property belonging to native citizens. If, however, they prefer to leave the country, they shall be allowed the time they may require to liquidate their accounts and dispose of their property, and a safe conduct shall be given them to embark at the ports which they shall themselves select. Consequently, in the case referred to of a rupture, the public funds of the contracting States shall never be confiscated, sequestered or detained. ARTICLE XIV. The citizens of either of the two contracting parties residing in the Protection of the territories of the other shall enjoy in regard to their houses, persons, Government. and properties, the protection of the Government in as full and ample a muanner as native citizens. In like manner the citizens of each contracting party shall enjoy, in Religiousliberty. the territories of the other, full liberty of conscience, and shall not be molested on account of their religious belief; and such of those citizens as.may die in the territories of the other party shall be buried in the public cemeteries, or in places appointed for the purpose, with suitable decorum and respect. The citizens of the United States of America residing within the ter- Rights of burial. ritories of the Republic of Paraguay shall be at liberty to exercise, in private and in their own dwellings, or within the dwellings or offices of the Consuls or Vice-Consuls of the United States of America, their religious rites, services, and worship, and to assemble therein for that purpose without hindrance or molestation. ARTICLE XV. The present treaty shall be in force during ten years, counted from D ur a tio n of the day of the exchange of the ratifiations; and, further, until the end treaty. of twelve months after the Government of the United States of America on the one part, or the Govern ment of Paraguay on the other, shall have given notice of its intention to terminate the same. 598 PUBLIC TREATIES. The Paraguayan Government shall be at liberty to address to the Government of the United States of America, or to its representative in the Republic of Paraguay, the official declaration agreed upon in this article. ARTICLE XVI. Ratifications. The present treaty shall be ratified by His Excellency the President of the United States of America within the term of fifteen months, or earlier if possible, and by His Excellency the President of the Republic of Paraguay within twelve days from this dater and the ratifications shall be exchanged in Washington. Signatnres. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed it, and affixed thereto their seals. Date. Done at Assunmption this fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine. JAMES B. BOWLIN. [L. S.] NICOLAS VASQUEZ. [L. s.J PERSIA, 1856. 599 PE RSIA. PERSIA, 1856. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP AND COMMERCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES Dec. 13, 1856. OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE SHAH OF PERSIA, CONCLUDED AT CONSTANTINOPLE DECEMBER 13, 1856; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 10, 1857; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 12, 1857; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CONSTANTINOPLE JUNE 13, 1857; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 18, 1857. In the name of God, the clement and the merciful. The President of the United States of North America, and His Majesty Contracting paras exalted as the planet Saturn; the Sovereign to whom the sun serves ties. as' a standard; whose splendor and magnificence are equal to that of the skies; the Sublime Sovereign, the Monarch whose armies are as numerous as the stars; whose greatness calls to mind that of Jeinshid; whose magnificence equals that of Darius; the heir of the crown and tllhrone of the Kayanians; the Sublime Emperor of all Persia; being both equally and sincerely desirous of establishing relations of friendship between the two Governments, which they wish to strengthen by a treaty of friendship and commerce reciprocally advantageous and useful to the citizens and subjects of the two high contracting parties, have for this purpose named for their Plenipotentiaries: The President of the United States of North America, Carroll Spence, Negotiators. Minister Resident of the United States near the Sublime Porte; and His Majesty the Emperor of all Persia, Hlis Excellency Emin ul Molk Farrukh Khan, Ambassador of His Imperial Majesty the Shah, decorated with the portrait of the Shah, with the great cordon blue, and bearer Of the girdle of diamonds, &c., &c., &c., &c. And the said Plenipotentiaries, having exchanged their full powers, which were found to be in proper and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be hereafter a sincere and constant good understanding Sincere and conbetween the Government and citizens of the United States of North stant anlity. America and the Persian Empire and all Persian subjects. ARTICLE II. The Ambassadors or Diplomatic Agents whom it may please either of Ambassadors and the two high'contracting parties to send and maintain near the other diplomnatic agents. shall be received and treated, they and all those composing their missions, as the Ambassadors and Diplomatic Agents of the most favored nations are received and treated in the two respective countries; and they shall enjoy there, in all respects, the same prerogatives and imniunities. ARTICLE III. The citizens and subjects of the two high contracting parties-travel- Protection to reslers, merchants, manufacturers, and others-who may reside in the idents. territory of either country. shall be respected and efficiently protected by the authorities of the country and their agents, and treated in all respects as the subjects and citizens of the most favored nation are treated. 600 PUBLIC TREATIES. Freedom of comr They may reciprocally bring, by land or by sea, into either country, IlmerceB. and export from it, all kinds of merchandise and products, and sell, exchange, or buy, and transport them to all places in the territories of either of the high contracting parties. It being, however, undertood that the merchants of either nation who shall engage in the internal commerce of either country shall be governed, in respect to such conmmerce, by the laws of the country in which such commerce is carried on; and in case either of the high contracting Powers shall hereafter grant other priviledges concerning such internal commerce to the citizens or subjects of other Governments, the same shall be equally granted to the merchants of either nation engaged in such internal commerce within the territories of the other. ARTICLE IV, Equality of du- The merchandise imported or exported by the respective citizens or ties. subjects of the two high contracting parties shall not pay in either country, on their arrival or departure, other duties than those which are charged in either- of the countries on the merchandise or products imported or exported by the merchants and subjects of the most favored nation, and no exceptional tax, under any name or pretext whatever, shall be collected on them in either of the two countries. ARTICLE V. Settlement ofdis- All suits and disputes arising in Persia between Persian subjects and putes. citizens of the United States shall be carried before the Persian tribunal'to which such matters are usually referred at the place where a Consul or Agent of the United States may reside, and shall be discussed and decided according to equity, in the presence of an emlplovy of the Consul or Agent of the United States. All suits and disputes which may arise in the Empire of Persia between citizens of the United States shall be referred entirely for trial and for adjudication to the Consul or Agent of the United States residing in the province wherein such suits and disputes may have arisen, or in the province nearest to it, who shall decide them according to the laws of the United States. All suits and disputes occurring in Persia between the citizens of the United States and the subjects of other foreign Powers, shall be tried and adjudicated by the intermediation of their respective Consuls or agents. In the United States, Persian subjects, in all disputes arising between themselves, or between them and citizens of the United States or foreigners, shall be judged according to the rules adopted in the United States respecting the subjects of the most favored nation. Trials for crimi- Persian subjects residing in the United States, and citizens of the nal offenses. United States residing in Persia, shall, when charged with criminal offences, be tried and judged in Persia and the United States in the same manner as are the subjects and citizens of the most favored nation residing in either of the above-mentioned countries. ARTICLE VI. Estates of per- In case of a citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties dysons dying intes- ing within the territories of the other, his effects shall be delivered up tate. integrally to the family or partners in business of the deceased; and in case he has no relations or partners, his effects in either country shall be delivered up to the Consul or agent of the nation of which the deceased was a subject or citizen, so that he may dispose of them in accordance with the laws of-his country. PERSIA, 1856. 601 ARTICLE VII. For the protection of their citizens or subjects, and their commerce Diplomatic a d respectively, and in order to facilitate good and equitable relations be- consular officers. tween the citizens and subjects of the two countries, the two high contracting parties reserve the right to maintain a, Diplomatic Agent at either seat of government, and to name each three Consuls in either country; those of the United States shall reside at Teheran, Bender, Bushir, and Tauris; those of Persia, at Washington, New York, and New Orleans. The Consuls of the high contracting parties shall reciprocally enjoy Privilegesof conin the territories of the other, where their residences shall be estab- suls. lished, the respect, priviledges, and immunities granted in either country to the Consuls of the most favored nation. The Diplomatic Agent or Consuls of the United States shall not protect, secretly or publicly, the subjects of the Persian Government, and they shall never suffer a departure from the principles here laid down and agreed to by mutual consent. And it is further understood, that if any of those Consuls shall engage in trade, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of their nation engaged in commercial pursuits in the same place are subjected. And it is also understood by the high contracting parties, that the Diplomatic and Consular Agents of the United States shall not employ a greater number of domestics than is allowed by trea'ty to those of Russia residing in Persia. ARTICLE VIII. And the high contracting parties agree that the present treaty of D u r at ion o f friendship and commerce, cemented by the sincere good feeling and the treaty. confidence which exists between the Governments of the United States and Persia, shall be in force for the term of ten years from the exchange of its ratification; and if, before the expiration of the first ten years, neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced, by official notification to the other, its intention to arrest the operation of said treaty, it shall remain binding for one year beyond that time, and so on until the expiration of twelve months, which will follow a similar notification, whatever the time may be at which it may take place; and the Plenipotentiaries of the two high contracting parties further agree to exchange theratifications of their respective governments at Constan- Ratifications. tinople in the space of six months, or earlier if practicable. In faith of which the respective Plenipotentiaries of the two high con- Signatures. tracting parties have signed the present treaty, and have attached their seals to it. Done in duplicate in Persian and English, the thirteenth day of Decem- Date. ber, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, and of the Hijereh the fifteenth day of the moon of Rebiul Sany one thousand two hundred and seventy-three, at Constantinople. CARROLL SPENCE. [L. S.] EMIN UL MOLK FARRUKH KHAN. [L. S.] 602 PUBLIC TREATIES. PERU-BOLIVIA. PERU-BOLIVIA, 1836. Nov. 30, 1836. GENERAL CONVENTION OF PENCE, FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE PERUBOLIVIAN CONFEDERATION, CONCLUDED AT LIMA NOVEMBER 30, 1836; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE OCTOBER 10, 1837; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT OCTOBER 14, 1837; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LIMA MAY 28, 1838; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 3, 1838. [The Peru-Bolivian Confederation was dissolved in 1839.] Cotralcting par- The United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, ties. desiring to make firm and permanent the peace and friendship which happily subsist between them, have resolved to fix, in a clear, distinct, and positive manner, the rules which shall, in future, be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty, or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation. Negotiators. For this desirablb purpose, the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on Samuel Larned, Charg6 d'Affaires of the said States near the Government of Peru; and the Supreme Protector of the North and South Peruvian States, President of the Republic of Bolivia, encharged with the direction of the foreign relations of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, has conferred like powers on John Garcia del Rio, Minister of State in the Department of Finance of the North Peruvian States; Who, after having exhibited to each other their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, and exchanged certified copies thereof, have agreed to the following articles, to wit: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friendship. ship, between the. United States of America and the Peru-Bolivianl Confederation, in all the extent of their respective territories and possessions, and between their people and citizens, respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. Favors granted The United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, to other nations to desiring to live in peace and harmony, as well with each other as with all the nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank, and equally friendly with all, engage, mutually, not to concede any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party to this treaty; who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE III. Freedom of com- The two high contracting parties, being likewise desirous of placing inerce and naviga- the commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal lonl. ~basis of perfect equality with the most favored nation, mutually agree that the citizens otf each may frequent with their vessels all the coasts and countries of the other, and may reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandize, not prohibited to all; and PERU-BOLIVIA, 1836. 603 shall pay no other or higher duties, charges or fees, whatsoever, either on their vessels or cargoes, than the citizens or subjects of the most favored [nation] are, or shall be, obliged to pay on their vessels and cargoes; and they shall enjoy, respectively, all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy; they submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages there established, to which such citizens or subjects are of right subjected. But it is understood that the stipulations contained in this article do Coasting-tra d c not include the coasting trade of either of the two countries; the regu- excepted. lation of this trade being reserved by the parties, respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARTICLE IV. It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, Privileges of commanders of ships, and other citizens of both countries, to manage merchnts, &c. themselves their own business in all the ports, and places subject to the jurisdiction of the other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchbandize, as to the purchase of their returns, unloading, loading, and sending off of their vessels. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to any embargo, nor.to be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandize, or effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whate-ver, without being allowed therefor a sufficient indemnification. Neither shall they be called upon for any forced loan. or occasional contributions i nor be subject to military service on land or sea. ARTICLE V. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels seeking forced to seek refuge, shelter, or relief, in the rivers, bays, ports, and refugeo dominions of the other, with their vessels, whether of war, (public or private,) of trade, or employed in the fisheries, through stress of weather, want of water or provisions, pursuit of pirates or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity; and all favor and protection shall be given to them, in the repairing of their vessels, procuring of supplies, and placing of themselves in a condition to pursue their voyage, without obstacle or hindrance. ARTICLE VI. All ships, merchaudize, and effects belonging to citizens of one of the Captures by picontracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, whether on the rates. high seas, or within the limits of its jurisdiction, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving, in due and proper form, their rights before the competent tribunals; it being understood that the claim should be made within the term of two years, by the parties themselves, their attornies, or the agents of their respective Governments. ARTICLE VII. Whenever any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the con- Wrecked or ldanltracting parties shall be wrecked, founder, or suffer damage, on the coast, aged vessels. or within the do10inions of the other, all assistance and protection shall be given to the said vessel, her crew, and the merchandize on board, in the same manner as is usual and customary with vessels of the nation where the accident happens, in like cases; and it shall be permitted to her, if necessary, to unload the merchandize and effects on board, with the proper precautions to prevent their illicit introduction, without cxactinlg, in this case, any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, provilcde the same be exported. 604 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VIII. Disposal and in- The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to heritanllce of per- dispose of their personal effects, within the jurisdiction of the other, by sonal piroperty. sale, donation, testament, or otherwise; and their representatives, being citizens of the other p)arty, shall succeed to their said personal effects, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereoft either themselves, or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country Heirs to real es- wherein said efticts are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And if, in tate. the case of real estate, the said heirs should be prevented from entering into possession of the inheritance on account of their character as aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years in which to dispose of -the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds, which they may do without obstacle, and exempt from all charges, save those which are imposed by the laws of the country. ARTICLE IX. Protection to Both the contracting parties solemnly promise and engage to give persYon add prop- their speciai protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each other, of all classes and occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice, for their judicial recourse, on the same terms as are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which purpose they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases that may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all evidence and examinations that may be exhibited in the said trials. Rights of ci ti- And to render more explicit, and make more effectual, the solemn Zens. promise and engagement hereinbefore mentioned, under circumstances to which one of the parties thereto has heretofore been exposed, it is hereby further stipulated and declared, that all the rights and privileges which are now enjoyed by, or may hereafter be conferred on, the citizens of one of the contracting parties, by or in virtue of the constitution and laws of the other, respectively, shall be deemed and held to belong to, and inhere in, them, until such rights and privileges shall have been abrogated or withdrawn by an authority constitutionally or lawfully competent thereto. ARTICLE X; Liberty of con — It is likewise agreed, that perfect and entire liberty of conscience shall science. be enjoyed, by the citizens of both the contracting parties, in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of thei'r religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Rights of burial. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the territories' of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying-grounds, or in other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XI. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security; no distinction being to be made who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden therein, from any port or place whatever, to the ports and places of those who are now, or here PERU-BOLIVIA, 1836. 605 after shall be, at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandise before mentioned, and to trade, with the same liberty and security, from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both, or of either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever; not only directly from the places of the enemy before mentioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of one power or under that of several. And it is hereby stipulated, Free s h i p s to that free ships shall give freedom to goods; and that everything shall make free goods. be deemed to be free and exempt, which shall be found on board of the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either; goods contraband of war being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty shall be extended to persons who are on board of a free ship, with this effect, that, although they be enemies to both or either of the parties, they shall not be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemy: Provided, however, and it is hereby further Limitation of agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the the principle. flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those Powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other be neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of those enemies whose Governments acknowledge this principle, and not that of others. ARTICLE XII. It is likewise agreed that, in cases where the neutral flag of one of Neutralproperty the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the on enemy's vessel. other, in virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board of such enemy's vessel shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board of such vessels before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of such declaration; but the contracting parties agree that, six months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not be allowed to plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property on board, in this case, the goods and merchandise of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ship, shall be free. ARTICLE XIII. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contraband artimerchandise, excepting only those which are distinguished by the name cles. of contraband or prohibited goods, under which name shall be comprehended: 1st, cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuses, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lancets, spears, halberds, grenades and bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms; 2ndly, bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in a military form and for a military use; 3rdly, cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture; 4thly, and generally, all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly for the purposes of war, either by sea or land. ARTICLE XIV. All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles of Other merchancontraband explicitly enumerated and classified, as above, shall be held dise free. and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so 606 PUBLIC TREATIES. that they may be carried and transported in the freest manlier by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are, at that time, besieged or blockaded; and, to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE XV. C o l fiscation of The articles of contraband, of those before enumerated and classified, contra)aucd goods. which may be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port, shall be subject to detention and confiscation; but the rest of the cargo and the ship shall be left free, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the contracting parties shall be detained on the high seas, on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless, indeed, the quantity of'such articles, be so great, and of so large a bulk, that they cannot be received on board of the capturing vessel without great inconvenience; but, in this and all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment according to law, ARTICLE XV1i Blockaded ports. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place belonging to an enemy, without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumsta~nced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained; nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after being warned of such blockade or investment by the commanding officer of a vessel forming part of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place the master or supercargo shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either party that mnay have entered into such port or place before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting it, with her cargo; nor. if found therein before or after the reduction anOd surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to seizure, confiscation, or any demand on the score of redemption or restitution, but the owners -thereof shall be allowed to remain in the undisturbed possession of their property. And if any vessel, having thus entered the port beforie the blockade took place, shall take on board a cargo after the blockade be establishedl, and attempt to depart, she shall be subject to being warned by the blockading forces to return to the port blockaded and discharge the said cargo; and if, after receiving said warning, the vessel shall persist in going out with the cargo, she shall be liable to the same consequences to which a vessel attempting to enter a blockaded port, after being warned off by the blockading forces, would be liable. ARTICLE XVII. Regulation of To prevent all kinds of disorder and irregularity in the visiting and visits at sea. examining of the ships and cargoes. of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed, mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at the greatest distance compatible with the possibility and safety of making the visit under the circumstances of wind and sea, and the degree of suspicion attending the vessel to be visited; and shall send one of her small boats, with no more men than those necessary to man it, for the purpose of executing the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the ves PERU-BOLIVIA, 1836. 607 sel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, in respect of which the commanders of said armed vessels shall be responsible, with their persons and property; for which p'rpose, the comirianders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the injuries and damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting the ship's papers, nor for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XVIII. To avoid all vexation and abuses in the examination of the papers Sea-1 tters or relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the passports. contracting parties, they have agreed, and do agree, that, in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels of the other must be furnished with sea-letters, or passports, expressing the name, property, and burden of the ship, as also the name and place of residence of the master or commander thereof, in order that it may thereby appear that the said ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties. They have likewise agreed that such ships, being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any contraband or prohibited goods are on board of the same; which certificates shall-be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form, without which requisites the said vessel may be detained to be adjudged by-the competent tribunals, and may be declared a legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, or be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent, in the opinion of said tribunals, to which ends there shall be allowed a sufficient term of time for its procurement. ARTICLE XIX. And it is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, rela- Vessels unde or tive to the visiting and examining of vessels, shall apply to those only convoy. which sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and, when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shlall be sufficient. ARTICLE XX. It is moreover agreed that, in all cases, the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes, in the country to which the prize may be conducted, shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal or court of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, goods, or property, claimed by citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives in which the same shall have been founded; and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel or property, without any excuse or delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXI. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with L e t te r s o f another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a marclue. commission or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, uns der pain of being treated as a pirate. 608 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXII. Rights of resi- If, at any time, a rupture should take place between the two contractdents in case of ing nations, and (which God forbid) they should become engaged in war with each other, they have agreed, and do agree now, for then, that the merchants, traders, and other citizens of all occupations, of each of the two parties residing in the cities, ports, and dominions of the other, shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade and business therein, and shall be respected and maintained in the full and undisturbed enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, so long as they behave peaceably and properly, and commit no offence against the laws. And in case their conduct should render them suspected of malpractices, and, having thus forfeited this privilege, the respective Governments should think proper to order them to depart, the term of twelve months, from the publication or intimation of this order therefor, shall be allowed them, in which to arrange and settle their affairs, and remove with their families, effects, and property; to which end the necessary safe conduct shall be given to them, and which shall serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port, and there embark. But this favor shall not be extended to those who shall act contrary to the established laws. [t is, nevertheless, to be understood that the persons so suspected may be ordered by the respective Governments to remove forthwith into the interior, to such places as they shall think fit to designate. ARTICLE XXIII. Debts, &c., not Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the indito be confiscated. viduals of the other, nor shares, nor money, which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or national difference, be sequestered or confiscated. ARTICLE XXIV. Envoys, min- Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality isters, &c. in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, they have agreed, and do agree, to grant to their Envoys, Ministers, and other public agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions, as those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy: it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Peru-Bolivian Confederation may find it proper to grant to the Envoys, Ministers, and public agents of any other power shall, by the same act, be granted and extended to those of the contracting parties respectively. ARTICLE XXV. Consular officers. To make more effectual the protection which the United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce; who shall enjoy, within their respective consular districts, all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation, each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such functionaries may not seem convenient. ARTICLE XXVI. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent, in due form, PERU-BOLIVIA, 1836. 609 to the Government tovwhich they are accredited; andl, having received their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such Consuls and Vice-Consuls by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXVII. It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, Vice-Consuls, their secretaries, Immunities of officers, and persons attached to their service, (they not being citizens consular officers. of the country in which the Consul or Vice-Consul resides,) shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce, or their property, and fromn which the citizens of their respective country, resident in the other, are not exempt, in virtue of the stipulations contained in this treaty; they being, in every thing besides, subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and Inviolability of papers of the consulates shall be respected inviolably, and under no archives. pretext whatever shall any magistrate or other person seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXVIII. The said Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall have power to require the Deserters from assistance of the authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, vessels. and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for this purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, or officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving, by an exhibition of the ship's roll or other public document, that the men so demanded are part of the crew of the vessel from which it is alleged they haver deserted; and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, when the contrary is more conclusively proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the dis-posal of the said Consuls or Vice-Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons, at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belong, or to others of the same nation; but if they should not be so sent within two months, tb be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE XXIX. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consular connavigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree to form, as soon vention. hereafter as may be mutually convenient, a consular convention, which shall declare, specially, the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXX. The United States of America, and the Peru.Bolivian Confederation, desilinug to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are established between the two parties in virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree, as follows: 1st. The present treaty shall be in force for twelve years fromn the day D u r ati o n of of the exchange of the ratifications thereof; and, further, until the treaty. end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same, each of them reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at the end of said term of twelve years. And it is hereby agreed between the parties that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either of them from the other, as above mentioned, R s IV 39 610 PUBLIC TREATIES. this treaty shall, in all the points relating to commerce and navigation, altogether cease and determine; and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship, it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both Powers. Infringements of 2ndly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe treaty. any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen or citizens shall be held personally responsible therefor, and the harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender or offenders, or to sanction such violence, under pain of rendering itself liable for the consequences thereof. Reprisals a nd 3rdly. If, (which, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of declarationsofwar. the stipulations contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in any other way whatever, it is expressly covenanted and agreed, that neither of the contracting parties will order, or authorize, any act of reprisals, nor declare or make war against the other, on complaint of injuries or damages resulting therefrom, until the party considering itself aggrieved shall first have presented to the other a statement or representation of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and have demanded redress and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. Treaties with 4thly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed other nations not to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other affected. states or sovereigns. Ratifications. The present treaty of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Supreme Protector of the north and south Peruvian States, President of the Republic of Bolivia, encharged with the direction of the foreign relations of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation; and the ratifications shall be exchanged within eighteen months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, have signed and sealed these presents. Date. Done in the city of Lima on the thirtieth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six. SAMUEL LARNED. [L. S.] J. GARCIA DEL RIO. LL. S.] PERU, 1841. 611 PERU CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RE- March 17, 1841. PUBLIC OF PERU FOR THE SATISFACTION OF CLAIMS OF AMERICAN CITIZENS, CONCLUDED AT LIMA MARCH 17, 1841; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 5,1843; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 12, 1843; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LIMA JULY 22, 1843; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 21, 1844; MODIFICATION CONSENTED TO AND TIME FOR EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE MAY 29, 1846; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGE1D A SECOND TIME, AT LIMA, OCTOBER 31, 1846; PROCLAIMED FINALLY JANUARY 8, 1847. The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, desirous Contracting par of consolidating permanently the good understanding and friendship ties. now happily existing between the parties, have resolved to arrange and terminate their differences and pretensions, by means of a convention that shall determine exactly the responsibilities of Peru with respect to the claims of certain citizens of the United States against her: And with this intention, the President of the United States has ap- Negotiators. pointed James C. Pickett, Charg6 d'Affaires of said States near Peru, and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Peru has appointed Don Manuel del Rio, principal officer of the Department of Finance, Acting Minister of the same Departrnent and Supernumerary Councillor of State; And both Commissioners, after having exchanged their powers, have agreed upon and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. The Peruvian Government, in order to make full satisfaction for va- Stom to Unbe pited rious claims of citizens of the United( States, on account of seizures, S tae Untes. captures, detentions, sequestrations, and confiscations of their vessels, or for the damage and destruction of them, of their cargoes, or other property, at sea, and in the ports and territories of Peru, by order of said Government of Peru, or under its authority, has stipulated, to pay to the United States, the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, which shall be distributed among the claimants, in the manner and according to the rules that shall be prescribed by the Government of the United States. ARTICLE 11. The sum of three hundred thousand dollars, which the Government Instalments. of Peru has agreed to pay, in thie preceding article, shall be paid at Lima, in ten equal annual instalments of thirty thousand dollars each, to the person or persons that may be appointed by the United States to receive it. The first instalment shall be paid on the first day of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, and an instalment on the first day of each succeeding January, until the whole sum of three hundred thousand dollars shall be paid. ARTICLE III. The Peruvian Government agrees also to pay interest on the before- Interest. mentioned sum of three hundred thousand dollars, at the rate of four per centum per annum, to be computed from the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred andl forty-two, and the interest accruing on 612 PUBLIC TREATIES. each instalment shall be paid with the instalment. That is to say, interest shall be paid on each annual instalment, from the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty-two. ARTICLE IV. Payments, h o w All the annual payments made on account of the three hundred thouto be made. sand dollars, shall be paid in hard dollars of the same standard and value as those now coined at the mint in Lima; and the annual payments, as well as the accruing interest, may be exported from Peru, free of all duty whatever. ARTICLE V. No further de- There shall not be demanded of the Government of Peru any other mand for certain payment or indemnification, on account of any claim of the citizens of claims. the United States, that was presented to it by Samuel Larned, esquire, when Charge d'Affaires of the United States near Peru. But the claims subsequent to those presented by Mr. Larned to the Government of Peru shall be examined and acted upon hereafter. ARTICLE VI. Option of Peru. It is further agreed, that the Peruvian Government shall have the option of paying each annual instalment, when it is due, with orders on the custom-house at Callao, which shall be endorsable in sums of any amount, and receivable in the Treasury, as cash, in payment of duties on importations of all kinds; and the orders shall be given in such a manner as, that in case similar orders shall be at a discount in the market, the full value of each annual payment shall be secured and made good to the United States, as though it had been paid in cash at the time of its falling due; and any loss occasioned by discount, or delay in the collection, shall be borne and made good by the Peruvian Government. ARTICLE VII. Ratifications. This convention shall be ratified by the contracting parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged within two years from its date, or sooner if possible, after having been approved by the President and Senate of the United States, and by the Congress of Peru. Signatures. In witness whereof, the respective Commissioners have signed the Date. same, and affixed thereto their seals. Done in triplicate at the city of Lima,, this seventeenth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-one. J. C. PICKETT. [L. S.J MANUEL DEL RIO0. [L. s.] PERflU, 1851. July 26, 1851. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF PERU, CONCLUDED AT LIMAN JULY 26, 1851; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 23, 1852; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JULY 16, 1852; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JULY 16, 1852; PROCLAIMED JULY 19, 1852. [This treaty terminated December 9, 1863, under notice given by Peru, in accordance with Article XL.] Contracting par- The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, being equally ties. animated with the desire to render firm and permanent the peace and friendship which have always so happily subsisted between them, and to place their commercial relations upon the most liberal bsis, have PERU, 1851. 613 resolved to fix clear and precise rules which shall in future be religiously observed between the two nations by means of a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation. To attain this desirable object, the President of the United States of Negotiators. America has conferred full powers on John Randolph Clay, the accredited Charge d'Affaires of the said States to the Government of Perun, and the President of the Republic of Peru has conferred like full powers on Brigadier General Don Juan Crisostomo Torrico, Minister of War and the Marine, Minister of Foreign Affairs ad interim, &c., &c.; who, after exchanging their respective full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be perfect and perpetual peace and friendship between Peace and friendthe United States of America and the Republic of Peru, and between ship. their respective territories, people, and citizens, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The United States of America and the Republic of Peru mutually Freedom of comagree that there shall be reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation merce. between their respective territories and citizens; the citizens of either republic may frequent with their vessels all the coasts, ports, and places of the other, wherever foreign commerce is permitted, and reside in all parts of the territories of either, and occupy dwellings and warehouses, and everything belonging thereto shall be respected and shall not be subjected to any arbitrary visits or search. The said citizens shall have full liberty to trade in all parts of the terri- Privileges of restories of either, according to the rules established by the respective regula- idents. tions of commerce, in all kinds of goods, merchandise, manufactures, and produce not prohibited to all, and to open retail stores and shops, under the same municipal and police regulations as native citizens; and they shall not in this respect be liable to any other or higher taxes or imposts than those which are or may be paid by native citizens. No examination or inspection of their books, papers, or accounts shall be made without the legal order of a competent tribunal or judge. The citizens of either country shall also have the unrestrained right to travel in any part of the possessions of the other, and shall in all cases enjoy the same security and protection as the natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances there prevailing; they shall not be called upon for any forced loan or occasional contribution, nor shall they be liable to any embargo, or to be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandise, goods, or effects, for any military expedition, or for any public purpose whatsoever, without being allowed therefor a full and sufficient indemnification, which shall in all cases be agreed upon and paid in advance. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties hereby bind and engage themselves Favors granted not to grant any favor, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of to other nations commerce and navigation, to other nations, which shall not be also irmme-. diately extended to the citizens of the other contracting party, who shall enjoy the same, gratuitously, if the concession shall have been gratuitous, or on giving a compensation as nearly as possible of proportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. No higher or other duties'or charges on account of tonnage, light- Tonnage duties, houses, or harbour dues, pilotage, qluarautine, salvage in case of dam- &c. age or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed in any 3 14 PJUBLIC TREATIES. ports of Peru on vessels of the United States, of the burden of two hundred tons and upward, than those payable in the same ports by Peruvian vessels of the same burden; nor in any of the ports of the United States by Peruvian vessels of the burden of two hundred tons and upwards, than shall be payable in the same ports by vessels of the United States of the same burden. ARTICLE V. Duties on imports All kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce which may be lawin vessels of either fully imported into the ports and territories of either of the high conparty. tracting parties in national vessels may also be so imported in vessels of the other party, without paying other or higher duties and charges of any kind or denomination whatever than if the same merchandise and articles of commerce were imported in national vessels; nor shall any distinction be made in the manner of making payment of the said duties or charges. It is expressly understood that the stipulations in this and the preceding article are to their full extent applicable to the vessels and their cargoes belonging to either of the high contracting parties arriving in the ports and territories of the other, whether the said vessels have cleared directly from the ports of the country to which they appertain, or from the ports of any other nation. ARTICLE VI. Equality of du- No higher or other duties or charges shall be imposed or levied upon ties on products the importation into the ports and territories of either of the high conof either country. tracting parties of any article the produce, growth, or manufacture of the other party, than are or shall be payable on the like article being the produce, growth,!or manufacture of any other country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the importation of any article the produce, growth, or manufacture of either party into the ports or territories of the other, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VII. Exports, draw- All kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce which may be lawbacks, and boun- fully exported from the ports and territories of either of the high conties. tracting parties in national vessels may also be exported in vessels of the other party; and they shall be subject to the same duties only, and be entitled to the same drawbacks, bounties, and allowances, whether the same merchandise and articles of commerce be exported in vessels of the one party or in vessels of the other party. ARTICLE VIII. Changes oftariff. No changes or alterations in the tariffs of either of the high contracting parties, augmenting the duties payable upon merchandise or articles of commerce of any sort or kind imported into or exported from their respective ports, shall be held to apply to the commerce or navigation of either party, until the expiration of eight calendar months after the said changes or alterations shall have been promulgated and become a law, unless the law or decree by which such changes or alterations shall be made contain a prospective provision to the same or similar effect. ARTICLE IX. Coasting trade. It is hereby declared that the stipulations of the present treaty are not to be understood as applying to the navigation and coasting trade between one port and another situated in the territories of either contracting party; the regulation of such navigation and trade being reserved, respectively, by the parties, accordling to their own separate laws. PERU, 1851. 615 Vessels of either country shall, however, be permitted to discharge Vessels touching part of their cargoes at one port open to foreign commerce in the terri- at ports. tories of either of the high contracting parties, and to proceed with the remainder of their cargo to any other port or ports of the same territories open to foreign commerce, without paying other or higher tonnagedues or port-charges in such cases than would be pail( by national vessels in like circumstances; and they shall be permitted to load in like manner at different ports in the same voyage outwards. ARTICLE X. The Republic of Peru, desiring to increase the intercourse along its Privileges to coasts, by means of steam navigation, hereby engages to accord to any steam-vessels. citizen or citizens of the United States who may establish a line of steamvessels, to navigate regularly between the different ports of entry within the Peruvian territories, the same privileges of taking in and landing freight, entering the by-ports for the purpose of receiving and landing passengers and their baggage, specie, and bullion, carrying the public mails, establishing depots for coal, erecting the necessary machine and workshops for repairing and refitting the steam-vessels, and all other favors enjoyed by any other association or company whatsoever. It is furthermore understood between the two high contracting parties, that the steam-vessels of either shall not be subject in the ports of tne other party to any duties of tonnage, harbor, or other similar duties whatsoever, than those that are or may be paid by any other association or company. ARTICLE XI. For the better understanding of the preceding articles, and taking What shall be into consideration the actual state of the commercial marine of Peru, it considered a Peruis stipulated and agreed that every vessel belonging exclusively to a vian vessel. citizen or citizens of the said republic, and of which the captain is also a citizen of the same, though the construction or the crew is or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as a Peruvian vessel. ARTICLE XII. The whale ships of the United States shall have access to the port of Priv i leges of Tumbez, as well as to the ports of entry in Peru, and may sail from one whale-ships in port to another for the purposes of refreshment and refitting, and they Peruvian ports. shall be permitted to sell or barter their supplies or goods, including oil, f [See convention to the amount of two hundred dollars ad valorem, for each vessel with- 616.] out paying any tonnage or harbour dues, or any duties or imposts upon the articles so sold or bartered. They shall be also permitted, with like exemption from tonnage and harbour dues, further to sell or barter their supplies or goods, including oil, to the additional amount of one thousand dollars, ad valorem, for each vessel, upon paying for the said additional articles the same duties as are payable upon like supplies, or goods and oil, when imported in the vessels and by the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. ARTICLE XIIl. The merchants, commanders, or masters of vessels, and other citizens Right to manage of either contracting party, shall be wholly free to manage their own business, &c. business and affairs, in all the ports and places within the jurisdiction of the other, or to commit their business and affairs to the management of any person whom lthey may choose to appoint, as agenlt, factor, consigllee, or interpreter. They shall not be restrained in the choice of persons to act in such capacities, or be compelled to pay any salary or remuneration to any, one whom they do not wish to employ. Absolute 616 PUBLIC TREATIES. freedom shall be given, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their merchandise and articles of commerce, as to the purchase of their returns, unloading, loading, and sending off their vessels. The buyer and seller shall have full liberty to bargain together and fix the price of any merchandise or articles of commerce, imported into or to be exported from Ahe territories of either contracting party, the regulations of commerce established in the respective countries being in every case duly observed. ARTICLE XIV. Privileges of Peruvian citizens shall enjoy the,same privileges in frequenting the Peruvians i n t h e mines, and in digging or working for gold upon the public lands situated mines ofCalifornia. in the State of California, as are, or may be hereafter, accorded by the United States of America to the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. ARTICLE XV. Disposal and in- The citizens of either of the high contracting parties shall have the heritance of p er- full power and liberty to dispose of their personal property and effects, sonal property. of every kind and description, within the jurisdiction of the other, by sale, donation, testament, or otherwise; and their heirs or representatives, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal property and effects, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession of the same themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein said effects maty be shall be Heirs to real e s subject to pay in like cases. Should the property consist of real estate, tate. and the heirs, on account of their character as aliens, be prevented from entering into possession of the inheritance, they shall be allowed the term of three years to dispose of the same and withdraw and export the proceeds, which they may do without any hindrance, and without paying any other dues or charges than those which are established by the laws of the country. ARTICLE XVI. Wrecked or dam- If any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the high contractaged vessels. ing parties should be wrecked, stiffer damage, or be left derelict, on or near the coasts, within the territories of the other, all assistance and protection shall be given to such vessel and her crew; and the vessel, or any part thereof, and all furniture and appurtenances belonging thereto, together with all the merchandise which shall be saved therefrom, or the produce thereof, if sold, shall be faithfully restored to the owners, or their agents, they paying only the expenses incurred in the preservation of the property, together with the rate of salvage which would have been payable, in the likewcase, by national vessels; and it shall be permitted for them to unload the merchandise and effects on board, with the proper precautions to prevent their illicit introduction, without exacting in such case any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, provided the same be exported. ARTICLE XVII. Vessels seeking When through stress of weather, want of water or provisions, pursuit refuge. of enemies or pirates, the vessels of one of the high contracting parties, whether of war (public or private) or of trade, or employed in fishing, shall be forced to seek shelter in the ports, rivers, bays, and dominions of the other, they shall be received and treated with humanity; sufficient time shall be allowed for the completion of repairs, and while any vessel may be undergoing them its cargo shall not unneeessarily be re quired to be landed either in whole or in part; all assistance and pro PERU, 1851. 617 tection shall be given to enable the vessels to procure supplies, and to place them in a condition to pursue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance. ARTICLE XVIII. All vessels, merchandise, and effects, belonging to the citizens of Captures by pleither of the high contracting parties, which may be captured by rates. pirates, either on the high seas or within the limits of its jurisdiction, and may be carried into or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners or their agents, they proving, in due and proper form, their rights before the competent tribunals; it being understood that the claim thereto shall be made within two years, by the owners themselves, their agents, or the agents of the respective Governments. ARTICLE XIX. The high contracting parties promise and engage to give full and per- Pro t oction to fect protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each other, persons and pr.opof all classes and occupations, who may be dwelling or transient in thery. territories subject to their respective jurisdiction; they shall have free and open access to the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms as are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be, and they shall be at liberty to employ, in all causes, the advocates, attornies, notaries, or agents, of whatever description, whom they may think proper. The said citizens shall not be liable to imprisonment without formal commitment under a warrant signed by a legal authority, except in cases flagrantis delicti; and they shall in all cases be brought before a magistrate, or other legal authority, for examination, within twenty-four hours after arrest; and if not so examined, the accused shall forthwith be discharged from custody. Said citizens, when detained in prison, shall be treated during their imprisonment with humanity, and no unnecessary severity shall be exercised towards them. ARTICLE XX. It is likewise agreed that perfect and entire liberty of conscience shall Liberty of conbe enjoyed by the citizens of both the contracting parties in the countries science. subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, Rights of burial. who may die in the territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying-grounds, or in other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XXL. The citizens of the United States of America and of the Republic of Neutral trade. Peru may sail with their vessels, with entire freedom and security, from any port to the ports or. places of those who now are, or hereafter shall be, enemies of either of the contracting parties, whoever may be the owners of the merchandise laden in the said vessels. The same citizens shall also be allowed to sail with their vessels, and to carry and traffic with their merchandise from the ports and places of the enemies of both parties, or of one of them, without any hindrance, not only to neutral ports and places, but also from one port belonging to an enemy to another enemy's port, whether they be u7der the jurisdiction of one power or under several. And it is agreed that free ships shall give IFree ships make freedom tc goods, and that everything shall be deemed free which shall free goods. be found on board the vessels belonging to the citizens of either of the 618 PUBLIC TREATIES. contracting parties, although the whole lading or a part thereof, should belong to the enemies of either, articles contraband of war being always excepted. The same liberty shall be extended to persons who may be on board free ships, so that said persons cannot be taken out of them, even if they may be enemies of both parties, or of one of them, unless they Limitation o f are officers or soldiers in the actual service of the enemy. It is agreed the principle, that the stipulations in this article declaring that the flag shall cover the property shall be understood as applying to those nations only who recognize this principle; but if either of the contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other shall remain neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose Governments acknowledge this principle, and not that of others. ARTICLE XXII. Neutral property When the neutral flag of one of the contracting parties shall protect on enemy's vessel, the property of the enemies of the other, in virtue of the preceding.ar[See Article II, tidle, neutral property found on board enemies' vessels shall likewise be convention of 1856, pn. 64. f 1 considered as enemies' property, and shall be subject to detention and confiscation, unless it shall have been put on board before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without knowledge of such declaration; but the contracting parties agree that ignorance cannot be alleged after the lapse of six months from the declaration of war. On the contrary, in those cases where the flag of the neutral does not protect enemies' property which may befound onboard, the goods or merchandise of the neutral embarked in enemies' vessels shall be free. ARTICLE XXIII. C o n t r a b n d The liberty of commerce and navigation stipulated for in the precedarticles. lug articles shall extend to all kinds of merchandise except the articles called contraband of war, under which name shall be comprehended: 1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fnsees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, htlberds, grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and everything belonging to the use of these arms. 2nd. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, accoutrements, and clothes made up in military form and for military use. 3d. Cavalry belts and horses, with their harness. 4th. And generally, all offensive or defensive arms made of iron, steel, brass, copper, or of any other material, prepared and formed to make war by land or at sea. ARTICLE XXIV. All other goods All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles free. of contrbband explicitly enumerated and classified as above shall be hIeld and considered as free and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded; and to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places only shall be considered as besieged or blockaded which are actually invested or attacked by a force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE XXV. Confiscation o f The articles of contraband, or those before enumerated and classified, contraband arti- which may be found in a vessel bound for an enemy7s port, shall be subcles. ject to detention and confiscation; but the rest of the cargo and the ship shall be left free, that the owners may dispose of them asthey see proper. No vessel of either of the contracting parties shall be detained on the PERU, 1851. 619 high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless, indeed, the quantity of such articles be so great, or of so large bulk, that they cannot be received on board the capturing vessel without great inconvenience; but in this and all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the _neares-t convenient and safe port, for trial and judgment according to laew. ARTICLE XXVI. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place Blockaded ports. belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after having been warned of such blockade or investment by the commanding officer of a vessel forming part; of the blockading forces, she again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go tto any other port or place the master or supercargo may think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either party that may have entered into such port or place before the same was actually besieged, biockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from leaving it with her cargo, nor if found therein before or after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to seizure, confiscation, or any demand on the score of redemption or restitution; but the owners thereof shall remain in the undisturbed possession of their property. And if any vessel having thus entered the port before the blockade took place shall take on board a cargo after the blockade be established, and attempt to depart, she may be warned l)y the blockading forces to return to the blockaded port and discharge the said cargo; and if, after receiving such warning, the vessel shall persist in going out with the cargo, she shall be liable to the same consequences as in the case of a vessel attempting to enter a blockaded port after having been warned off by the blockading forces. ARTICLE XXVII. To prevent disorder and irregularity in visiting and examining the Regulation of vessels and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, visits at sea. they have agreed, mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, pu.blic or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other party, the former shall remain at the greatest distance compatible with the possibility and safety of making the visit, under the circumstances of wind and sea, and the degree of suspicion attending the vessel to be visited, and shall send one of her small boats with no more men than may be necessary to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo. of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or illtreatment, in respect of which the commanders of said armed vessels shall be responsible with their persons land property; for which purpose the commanders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the injuries and damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board of the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting the ship's papers, nor for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XXVIII. Both contracting parties likewise agree that when one of them shall Sea-letters or be engaged in war the vessels of thle other must be furnished with sea- passports. letters, patents, or passports, in which shall be expressed the name, burden of the vessel, and the name and place of residence of the owner, and master or captain thereof; in order that it may appear that the 620 PUBLIC TREATIES. vessel really andcl truly belongs to citizens of the said other party. It is also agreed that such vessels being laden, besides the said sea-letters, patents, or passports, shall be provided with manifests or certificates, containing the particulars of the cargo and the place where it was taken on board, so that it may be known whether any part of the same consists of contraband or prohibited articles; which certificate shall be made out in the accustomed frumn by the authorities of the port whence the vessel sailed; without which requisites the vessel may be detained to be adjudged by the competent tribunales, and may be declared good and legal prize, unless it shall be proved that the said defect or omission was owing to accident, or unless it shall be satisfied or supplied by testimony equivalent in the opinion of the said tribunals, for which purpose there shall be allowed a- reasonable length of time to pro. cure and present it. ARTICLE XXIX, Vessels un d er The preceding stipulations relative to the visit and examnination of convoy. vessels shall apply only to those which sail without convoy; for when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag they carry, and, when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXX. Prize courts and It is further agreed that, in all prize cases, the courts specially estabdecrees. lished for such causes in the country to which the prizes may be conducted shall alone take cognizance of them. And whenever such courts of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, merchaudise, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall set forth the reasons or motives on which the same shfall have been bounded; and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings connected with the case, shall, it demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of the said vessel, merchandise; or property, without any excuse or delay, upon payment of the established legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXXI. L e t t e r s of Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war marque. with another nation, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a commission, or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, under pain of being treated as a pirate. ARTICLE XXXII. Rights of resi- If, which is not to be expected, a rupture should at any time take dents in case of place between the two contracting nations, and they should engage in war. war with each other, they have agreed, now for then, that the merchants, traders, and other citizens of all occupations of either of the two parties, residing in the cities, ports, and dominions of the other, shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade and business therein, and shall be respected and maintained in the full and undisturbed enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, so long as they conduct themselves peaceably and properly, and commit no offence against the laws. And in case their acts should render them justly suspected, and, having thus forfeited this privilege, the respective Governments should thinkl proper to order them to leave the country, the term of twelve months from the publication or intimation of the PERU, 1851. 621 order therefor shall be allowed them in which to arrange and settle their affairs and remove with their families, effects and property; to which end the necessary safe conduct shall be given to them, which shall serve as a sufficient protection, until they arrive at the designated port and there embark; but this favor shall not be extended to those who shall act contrary to the established laws. It is, nevertheless, understood that the respective Governments may order the persons so suspected to remove, forthwith, to such places in the interior as may be designated. ARTICLE XXXIII. In the event of a war, or of any interruption of friendly intercourse Debts, &c., not between the high contracting parties, the money, private debts, shares to be confiscated. in the public funds or in the public or private banks, or any other property whatever, belonging to the citizens of the one party in the territories of the other, shall in no case be sequestrated or confiscated. ARIICLE XXXIV. The high contracting parties, desiring to avoid all inequality in their Envoys, mi - public communications and official intercourse, agree to grant to their isters, &c. Envoys, Ministers, Charges d'Affaires, and other diplomatic agents, the same favors, privileges, immunities, and exemptions, that those of the most favored nations do or shall enjoy; it being understood that the favors, privileges, immunities, and exemptions granted by the one party to the Envoys, Ministers, Charges d'Affaires, or other diplomatic agents of the other party, or to those of any other nation shall be reciprocally granted and extended to those of both the high contracting parties respectively. ARTICLE XXXV. To protect more effectually the commerce and navigation of their Consularofficers. respective citizens, the United States of America and the Republic of Peru agree to admit and receive, mutually, Consuls and ViceConsuls in all their ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy, within their respective consular districts, all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nations. But to enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them, in virtue of their public character, the Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall before exercising their official functions, exhibit to the government to which they are accredited their commissions or patents in due form, in order to receive their exequatur; at'ter receiving Exequaturs. which they shall be acknowledged, in their official characters, by the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants of the district in which they reside. The high contracting parties, nevertheless, remain at liberty to except those ports and places where the admission and residence of Consuls or Vice-Consuls may not seem convenient, provided that the refusal to admit them shall likewise extend to those of all nations. ARTICLE XXXVI. The Consuls, Vice-Consuls, their officers, and persons employed in Immunlities of their consulates, shall be exempt from all )public service and from all consular officers. kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall lawfully be held to pay on account of their property or commerce, and to which the citizens and other inhabitants of the country in which they reside are subject, they being, in other respects, subject to the laws of the respective countries. The archives and papers of the consulates Inviolability of shall be inviolably respected, and no person, mnagistrate, or other public archives. authority shall, under anly pretext, interfere with or seize them. 622 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXXVII. Deserters from The Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall have power to require the vessels. assistance of the public authorities of the country in which they reside, for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters front the vessels of war or mnerchant-vessels of their nation; and where the deserters claimed shall belong to a merchant-vessel, the Consuls or Vice-Consuls must address themselves to the competent authority, and demand the deserters in writing, proving, by the ship's roll or other public document, that the individuals -claimed are a part of the crew of the vessel from which it is alleged that they have deserted; but should the individuals claimed form a part of the crew of a vessel of war, the word of honor of a commissioned officer attached to the said( vessel shall be sufficient to identify the deserters; and when the demand of the Consuls or Vice-Consuls shall, in either case, be so proved; the delivery of the deserters shall not be refused. The said deserters, when arrested, shall be delivered to the Consuls or Vice-Consuls, or, at the request of these, shall be put in the public prisons and maintained at the expense of those who reclaim them, to be delivered to the vessels to which they belong, or sent to others of the same nation; but if the said deserters should not be so delivered or sent within the term of two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again apprehended for the same cause. The high contracting parties agree, that it shall not be lawful for any public authority, or other person within their respective dominions, to harbor or protect such deserters. ARTICLE XXXVIII. Consular C on- For thle purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and vention. navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree to form, as soon hereafter as may be mutually convenient, a consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXIX. Property of resi- TUntil the conclusion of a consular convention, the- high contracting dents dying intes- parties agree that, in the absence of the legal heirs or representatives, tate. the Consuls or Vice-Consuls of either party shall be ex-officio the executors or administrators of the citizens of their nation who may die within their consular jurisdictions, and of their countrymen dying at sea, whose property may be brought within their district. The said Consuls or Vice-Consuls shall call in a justice of the peace, or other local authority, to assist in taking an inventory of the effects and property left by the deceased; after which, the said effects shall remain in the hands of the said Consuls or Vice-Consuls, who shall be authorized to sell immediately such of the effects or property as may be of a perishable nature, and to dispose of the remainder according to the instructions of their respective governments. And where the deceased has been engaged in commerce or other business, the Consuls or Vice-Consuls shall hold the effects and property so remaining until the expiration of twelve calendar months; during which time the creditors, if any, of the deceased, shall have the right to present their claims or demands against the said effects and property, and all questions arising out of such claims or demands shall be decided by the laws of the country wherein the said citizens may have died. It is understood, nevertheless, that if no claim or demand shall have been made against the effects and property of an individual so deceased, the Consuls or Vice-Consuls, at the expiration of the twelve calendar months, may close the estate and dispose of the effects and property, in accordance with the instructionsfrom their own governments. PERU, 1856. 623 ARTICLE XL. The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations established between the two parties in virtue of this treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation, declare solemnly and agree as follows: 1st. The present treaty shall remain in force for the term of ten years Duration of from the day of the exchange of the ratifications thereof; and, further, treaty. until the end of one year after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same, each of them reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of the said term of ten years. And it is hereby agreed between the parties that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either of them from the other party, as above mentioned, this treaty shall altogether cease and determine. 2dly. If any citizen or citizens of either party shall infringe any of Infringement of the articles of the treaty, such citizen or citizens shall be held person- treaty. ally responsible therefor; and the harmony and good understanding between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the Offender or offenders, or to sanction Such violation, under pain of rendering itself liable for the consequences thereof. 3dly. Should unfortunately any of the provisions contained in the Reprisals and present treaty be violated or infringed in any other manner whatever, drele rations of it is expressly stipulated and agreed that neither of the contracting parties shall order or authorize any act of reprisals, nor declare or make war against the other, on complaint of injuries or damages resulting therefrom, until the party considering itself aggrieved shall first have presented to the other a statement or representation of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and demanded redress and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4thly. Nothing contained in this treaty shall, however, be construed Treaties w i t h to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other na- other nations not tions or sovereigns. affected. The present treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation, shall be Ratifications. approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of Peru, with the authorization of the Congress thereof; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within eighteen months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Republic of Peru, have signed and sealed these presents. Done at the city of Lima on the twenty-sixth day of July, in the year Date. of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. J. RANDOLPH CLAY. [L. S.] J. CMO. TORRICO. [L. S.] PERU, 1856. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RE- July 22, 1856. PUBLIC OF PERU RELATIVE TO THE RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS AT SEA, CONCLUDED AT LIMA JULY 22, 1856; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 12, 1857; RATIFIE D BY PRESIDENT OCTOBER 2, 1857; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON OCTOBER 31, 1857; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 2, 1857. The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, in order to Contractingparrender still more intimate their relations of friendship and good under- ties. 624 PUBLIC TREATIES. standing, and desiring, for the benefit of their respective commerce and that of other nations, to establish an uniform system of maritime legislation in time of war, in accordance with the present state of civilization, have resolved to declare, by means of a formal convention, the principles which the two Republics acknowledge as the basis of the rights of neutrals at sea, and which they recognize and profess as permanent and immutable, considering them as the true and indispensable conditions of all freedom of navigation and maritime commerce and trade. Negotiators. For this purpose the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on John Randolph Clay, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Government of Peru; and the Liberlator President of the Republic of Peru has conferred like full powers on Don Jose Maria Seguin, Chief Officer of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in charge of that Department; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Principles rec- The two high contracting parties recognize as permanent and immuognized. table the following principles: Rights of neu- 1st. That free ships make free goods; that is to say, that the effects,rals at sea. or merchandise belonging to a Power or nation at war, or to its citizens or subjects, are free from capture and confiscation when found on board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war. Rights of neun- 2d. That the property of neutrals on board of an enemy's vessel is not tral property on subject to detention or confiscation, unless the same be contraband of enemies' ships. wvar; it being also understood that, as far as regards the two contracting parties, warlike articles destined for the use of either of them shall not be considered as contraband of war. The two high contracting parties engage to apply all these principles to the commerce and navigation of all Powers and States as shall consent to adopt them as permanent and immutable. ARTICLE II. Article X X I I, It is hereby agreed between the two high contracting parties that the treaty of 1851, an- provisions contained in article twenty-second of the treaty concluded nulled. between them at Lima on the twenty-sixth day of July, one thousand [See p. 618.] eight hundred and fifty-one, are hereby annulled and revoked, in so far as they militate against or are contrary to the stipulations contained in this convention; but nothing in the present convention shall in any manner affect or invalidate the stipulations contained in the other articles of the said treaty of the twenty-sixth of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, which shall remain in their full force and effect. ARTICLE III. Application and The two high contracting parties reserve to themselves to come to an extension ofArticle ulterior understanding, as circumstances may require, with regard to the application and extension to be given, if there be any cause for it, to the principles laid down in the first article; but they declare from this time that they will take the stipulations contained in the said article as a rule, whenever it shall become a question, to judge of the rights of-neutrality. ARTICLE IV. Accessi on t o It is agreed between the two high contracting parties that all nations rules by other na- which shall consent to accede to the rules of the first article of this contionlS. vention by a formal declaration, stipulating to observe them, shall enjoy the rights resulting from such accession as they shall be enjoyed and PERU, 1857. 625 observed by the twb parties signing this convention. They shall communicate to each other the result of the steps which may be taken on the subject. ARTICLE TV. The present convention shall be approved and ratified by the Presi- Ratifications. dent of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of said States, and by the President of the Republic of Peru, with the authorization of the legislative body of Peru, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within eighteen months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Amer- Signatures. ica and the Republic of Peru have signed and sealed these presents. Done at the city of Lima on the twenty-second day of July, in the Date. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six. J. RANDOLPH CLAY. [L. s.] J. M. SEGUIN. [L. S.] PERU, 1857. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE July 4,1857. REPUBLIC OF PERU, INTERPRETING THE TWELFTH ARTICLE OF THE TREXTY OF JULY 26, 1851, CONCLUDED AT LIMA JULY 4, 1857; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 30, 1858; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 7, 1858; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON OCTOBER 13, 1858; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 14, 1858. [Terminated with treaty of 1851, under notice by Peru.] Certain doubts having arisn with regard to the interpretation to be Preamble. given to article twelfth of the treaty of the 26th of July, 1851, as to the [See Article XII, goods, other than oil and the produce of their fishery, that thle whale- treaty of 1851, p. ships of the United States may land and sell, or barter, duty free, for 615.] the purpose of obtaining provisions and refitting; a concession which, in articles eighty-one and one hundred and ten of the General Commercial Regulations, is not so extensive; and it being convenient, for the advantage of the citizens of the United States employed in the whalefishery, and of the citizens of Peru, who furnish provisions, to fix clearly and definitively, the proper meaning of the concessions stipulated in the above-mentioned article twelfth of the treaty of the 26th of July, 1851, so that while those reciprocal benefits are secured, all and every controversy in the matter may be avoided: The Envoy Extraordinary and -Minister Plenipotentiary of the United Negotiators. States of America to the Republic of Peru, John Randolph Clay, in virtue of his full powers, and His Excellency Doctor Don Manuel Ortiz de Zevallos. Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Peru, fully authorized to act in the premises by the Excellent Council of Ministers charged with the Government of the Republic, after having held repeated conferences, and come to a mutual understanding upon the true spirit and extent of the exemption from duties conceded to the said whale-ships in the sale and barter of their stores and merchandise, by article twelfth of the treaty of 1851, which provides: "ARTICLE XII. "The whale-ships of the United States shall have access to the port Art i c le X I I, of Tnmbez as well as to the ports of entry of Peru, and may sail from treaty of 1851. one port to another for the purposes of refreshment and refitting, and they shall be permitted to sell or barter their supplies or goods, iucluding oil, to.the amount of two hundred dollars, ad valorem, for each vessel, without paying any tonnage or harbor dues, or any duties or imposts upon the articles so sold or bartered. They shall be also permitted, R S IV -40 626 PUBLIC TREATIES. with like exemption from tonnage and harbor dues, further to sell or barter their supplies or goods, including oil, to the additional amount of one thousand dollars, ad valorem, for each vessel, upon paying for the said additional articles the same duties as are payable upon like supplies or goods and oil when imported in the vessels and by the citizens or subjects of the most favored nations:' Have agreed and declared: ARTICLE I. Extent of exemp- That the permission to the whale-ships of the United States to barter tion of w 11 a 1 e- or sell their supplies and goods to the value of two hundred dollars ad ships from duty. valorem, without being obliged to pay port or tonnage dues, or other imposts, should not be understood to comprehend every kind of merchandise without limitation, but those only that whale-ships are usually provided with for their long voyages. ATRICLE II. Articles exempt- That in the said exemption from duties of every kind are included the ed. following articles, in addition to the produce of their fishery, viz: White unbleached domestics. Axes, hatchets. White bleached domestics. Biscuit of every kind. Wide cotton cloths. Flour. Blue drills. Lard. Twilled cottons. Butter. Shirting stripes. Rum. Ticking. Beef. Cotton Shirtings. Pork. Prints. Spermaceti and composition candles. Sailors' clothing of all kinds. Canvass. Soap, Rope. Slush. Tobacco. Boots, shoes, and brogans. ARTICLE III. Enumerated ar- It is also a'greed upon and understood between the contracting parties, ticdes to value of that the whale-ships of the United States may land and sell or barter, $500 free of duty. free of all duties or imposts whatsoever, the supplies and merchandise specified in the preceding article, to the amount of five hundred dollars, ad valorem, in conformity with article 81 of the General Coinmercial Regulations; but for every additional quantity fromn five hundred dollars to one thousand dollars, ad valorem, the exemption shall only extend to port and tonnage dues. ARTICLE IV. Force and effect The stipulations in this convention shall have the same force and of stipulations. effect as if inserted, word for word, in the treaty concluded in Lima on the 26th of July, 1851, and of which they shall be deemed and considered Ratifications. as explanatory. For which purpose the present convention shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Executive Power of the Republic of Peru, with the authorization of the national Peruvian legislature; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in. Washington in as short a time as possible. Signatures. In faith whereof, the above-named plenipotentiaries have signed, in quadruplicate, this convention, explanatory of the treatv of the twentysixth of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done at Lima, the fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven. J. RIANIDOLPH CAY [L. s.3 MANUEL ORT1Z DE ZEVALLOS. [L. s.] PERU, 18G2. 627 PERU, 1.862. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RE- Dec. 20,1862. PUBLIC OF PERU, RESPECTING THE VESSELS "LIZZIE THOMPSON " AND " GEORGIANNA," CONCLUDED AT LIMIA DECEMBER 20, 1862; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 18, 1863; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 24, 1863; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LIMA APRIL 21, 1863; PROCLAIMED MAY 19, 1863. Convention between the United States of America anCd the Republic of Peru. Whereas differences having arisen between the United States of Claims upon Peru America and the Republic of Peru, originating in the capture and con- to be referred to a fiscation by the latter of two ships belonging to citizens of the United friendly power, States, called the'" Lizzie Thompson " and "~ Georgianna;" and the two Governments not being able to come to an agreement upon the questions involved in said capture and confiscation, and being equally animated with the desire to maintain the relations of harmony which have always existed, and which it is desirable to preserve and strengthen between the two Governments, have agreed to refer all the questions, both of law and fact, involved in the capture and confiscation of said ships by the Government of Peru, to the decision of some friendly Power; and it being now expedient to proceed to and regulate the reference as Contracting parabove described, the United States of America and the Republic of ties. Peru have for that purpose named their respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States has appointed Christopher Rob- Negotiators. inson, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Peru, and the President of Peru Dr. Jose Gregorio Paz Soldan, Minister of State in the office of Foreign Relations and President of the Council of Ministers; %Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. The two contracting parties agree in naming as arbiter, umpire, and The King of Belfriendly arbitrator, His Majesty the King of Belgium, conferring upon gium selected as him the most ample power to decide and determine all the questions, arbiter. both of law and fact, involved in the proceedings of the Government of Peru in the capture and confiscation of the ships " Lizzie Thompson" and' cGeorgianna." ARTICLE II. The two contracting parties will adopt the proper measures to solicit The King of Beland obtain the assent of His Majesty the KIing of Belgium to act in the g i u m to ab requested to act. office hereby conferred upon him. After His Majesty the King of Belgium shall have declared his assent Papers to be siub to exercise the office of arbiter, the two contracting parties will submit, mitted to arbiter. through their diplomatic agents residing at Brussels, to His Majesty copies of all the correspondence, proofs, papers, and documents which have passed between the two Governments or their respective representatives; and should either party think proper to present to said arbiter any other papers, proofs, or documents in addition to those above mentioned, the same shall be communicated to the other party within four months after the ratification of this convention. ARTICLE Ill. Both parties being equally initerested in having a decision upon the Time for submisquestions hereby subm;ittedl, they agree to deliver to the said arbiter all sion of dlocuments, the documents referred to in the second article within six months after he shall have signified his consent to act as such. 628 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. Decision of arbi- The sentence or decision of said arbiter, when given, shall be final ter to be final, and conclusive upon all the questions hereby referred, and the contracting parties hereby agree to carry the same into immediate effect. ARTICLE V. Ratifications. This convention shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged in the term of'six months from the date hereof: Signatures. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the two Governments have signed and sealed, with their respective seals, the present convention. Date. Done in the city of Lima, in duplicate, on the twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixtytwo. CHRISTOPHER ROBINSON. [L. S.] JOSe] G. PAZ SOLDAN. [L. S.] PERU, 1863. Jan. 12, 1863. CONVENTION WITH PERU FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT LIMA JANUARY 12, 1863; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENTS, FEBRUARY 18, 1863; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 24, 1863; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LIMA APRIL 18, 1863; PROCLAIMED MAY 19, 1863. Convention between the United States of America and the Reptblic of Peru for the settlement of tle pending claims of the citizens of either country against the other. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, desiring to ties. settle and adjust amicably the claims which have been made by the citizens of each country against the Government of the other, have agreed to make arrangements for that purpose by means of a convention, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries to confer and agree thereupon as follows: Negotiators. The President of the United States, Christopher Robinson, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of said States to Peru,.and the President of Peru, Dr. Jose Gregorio Paz Soldan, the Minister of Foreign Relations and President of the Council of Ministers; Who, after having comnmunicated to each other their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed as follows: ARTICLE I. Claims to be re- All claims of citizens of the United States against the Government of ferred to a mixed Peru, and of citizens of Peru against the Government of the United commiss~ion. States, which have not been embraced in conventional or diplomatic agreement between the two Governments or their Plenipotentiaries, and statements of which, soliciting the interposition of either Government, may, previously to the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, have been filed in the Department of State at Washington, or the Department of Foreign Affairs at Lima, shall be referred to a mixed Appointment of commission composed of four members, appointed as follows: Two by commissioners. the Government of the United States, and two by the Government of Vacancies. Peru. In case of the death, absence, or incapacity of either Commissioner, or in the event of either Commissioner ceasing to act, the Government of the United States, or its Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Peru, acting under its direction, or that of the Republic of Peru, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy thus occasioned. PEIRU, 1863. 629 ARTICLE II. The Commissioners so named shall immediately after organization, Selection of urnand before proceeding to any other business, proceed to name a fifth Pire. person to act as an arbitrator or umpire in any case or cases in which they may themselves differ in opinion. -ARTICLE III. The Commissioners appointed as aforesaid shall meet in Lima within Meeting of corlthree months after the exchange of the ratifications of this convention; missioners. and each one of the Commissioners, before proceeding to any business, shall take an oath, made and subscribed before the most Excellent Su- Oath. preme Court, that they will carefully examine and impartially decide, according to the principles of justice and equity, the principles of international law and treaty stipulations, upon all the claims laid before them under the provisions of this convention, and in accordance with the evidence submitted on the part of either Government. A similar Oath of umpire. oath shall be taken and subscribed by the person selected by the Commissioners as arbitrator or umpire, and said oaths shall be entered upon the record of the proceedings of said commission. ARTICLE IV. The arbitrator or umpire being appointed, the Commissioners shall Examination of without delay, proceed to examine and determine the claims specified claims. in the first article, and shall hear, if required, one person in behalf of each Government on each separate claim. Each Government shall Papers to be furfurnish, at the request of either of the Commissioners, the papers in its nlshed. possession which may be important to the just determination of any of the claims referred. ARTICLE V.From the decision of the Commissioners there shall be no appeal; What agreement and the agreement of three of them shall give full force and eflect to sufficient. their decisions, as well with respect to the justice of their claims as to the amount of indemnification that may be adjudged to the claimants; and in case the Commissioners cannot agree, the points of difference shall be referred to the arbitrator or umpire, before whom the Commissioners may be heard, and his decision shall be final. ARTICLE VI. The decision of the mixed commission shall be executed without ap- Execution of depeal by each of the contracting parties, and it shall be the duty of the crees. Commissioners to report to the respective Governments the result of their proceedings; and if the decision of said Commissioners require Payments, ii o w the payment of indemnities to any of the claimants, the sums deter- made. mined by the said Commissioners shall be paid by the Government against which they are awarded within one month after said Government shall have received the report of said Commissioners; and for any Interest. delay in the payment of the sum awarded after the expiration of said month, the sum of six per cent. interest shall be paid during such time as said delay shall continue. ARTICLE VII. For the purpose of facilitating the labors of the mixed commission, Secretaries. each Government shall appoint a secretary to assist in the transaction of their business and to keep a record of their proceedlings, and for the Rules. conduct of their business said Commissioners are authorized to make all necessary rules. 630 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VIII. Decisions to be The decisions of this Commission, or of the umpire in case of a differfinal. ence between the Commissioners, shall be final and conclusive, and Termination of shall be carried into full effect by the two contracting parties. The commission. Commission shall terminate its labors in six months from and including Decisions of urnm- the day of its organization; provided, however, if at the time stipup i re -on pending lated for the termination of said Commission any case or cases should cases. be pending before the umpire and awaiting his decision, it is understood and agreed by the two contracting parties that said umpire is authorized to proceed and make his decision or award in such case or cases; and upon his report thereof to each of the two Governments, mentioning the amount of indemnity, if such shall have been allowed -by him, such award shall be final and conclusive in the same manner as if it had been made by the Commissioners under their own agreement; provided that said decision shall be made by said umpire within tlthirty days after the final adjournment of said Commission, and at the expiration of the said thirty days the power and authority hereby granted to said umpire shall cease. ARTICLE IX. Expensesof corn- Each Government shall pay its own Commissioners and secretary, but mission. the umpire shall be paid, one-half by the Government of the United States and one-half by the Republic of Peru. ARTICLE X. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the term of four months from the date hereof. Signatures. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and affixed their respective seals. Date. Done in the city of Lima this twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three. CHlRISTOPHER ROBINSON. [L. S.] JOSi G. PAZ SOLDAN. [L. S.] PERU, 1868. Dec. 4, 1868. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND TEE REPUBLIC OF PERU, FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT LIMA DECEMBER 4, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 15, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 3, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LIMA JUNE 4, 1869; PROCLAIMED JUILY 6, 1869. Preamble. Whereas claims may have, at various times since the signature of the decisions of the mixed commission which met in Lima in J uly, 18637 been made upon the Government of the United States of America, by citizens of Peru, and have been made by citizens of the United States of America on the Government of Peru; and whereas some of such Contracting par- claims are still pending: The President of the United St;ates of America ties. and the President of Peru, being of opinion that a speedy and equitable settlement of all such claims will contribute much to the maintenance of the friendly feelings which subsist between the two countries, have resolved to make arrangements for that purpose by mneans of a convention, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries to confer and agree thereupon, that is to say: Negotiators The President of the United States names Alvin P. Covey, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America near the Government of-Peru; and the President of Peru PERU,,1868. 631 names His Excellency Doctor Don Jose Antonio Barrenechea, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Peru; Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and true form, have agreed as follows: ARTICLE I. The high contracting parties agree that all claims on the part of cor- Claims to be reporations, companies, or private individuals, citizens of the United ferred to CommisStates, upon the Government of Peru, and all claims on the part of cor- sioners. porations, companies, or private individuals, citizens of Peru, upon the Government of the United States, which may have been presented to either government for its interposition since the sittings of the said mixed commission, and which remain yet unsettled, as well as any other claims which may be presented within the time specified in Article III hereinafter, shall be referred to the two Commissioners, who shall be appointed in the following manner, that is to say: One Commissioner Appointment of shall be named by the President of the United States, and one by the Commissioners. President of Peru. In case of the death, absence, or incapacity of either Commissioner, or in the event of either Commissioner omitting or ceasing to act as such, the President of the United States or the President of Peru, respectively, shall forthwith name another person to act as Commissioner in the place or stead of the Commissioner already named. The Commissioners so named shall meet at Lima at, their earliest con- Meeting of Comnveinience after they have been respectively named, not to exceed three missioners. months from the ratification of this convention, andl shall, before proceeding to any business, make and subscribe a solemn declaration that Declaration. they will impartially and carefully examine and decide to the best of their judgment, and according to justice and equity, without fear, favor, or affection to their own country, upon all such claims as shall be laid before them on the part of the Governments of the United States and Peru, respectively, and such declaration shall be entered on the record of the Commission. The Commissioners shall then, and before proceeding to other busi- Selection of ness, name some third person of some third nation to act as an Arbi- Umpire. trator or Umpire in any case or cases on which they may themselves differ in opinion. If they should not be able to agree upon the name of such third person, they shall each name a person of a third nation, and in each and every case in which the Commissioners may differ in opinion as to the decision which they ought to give, it shall be determined by lot which of the two persons so named: shall be the Arbitrator or Umpire in that particular case. The person or persons so to be chosen to be Arbitrator or Umpire shall, before proceeding to act as such in Declaration of allny case, make and subscribe a solemn declaration in a forml similar to Umplre. that which shall have already been made and subscribed by the Commissioners, which shall be entered upon the records of their proceedings. In the event of the death, absence, or incapacity of such person Vacancies. or persons, or of his or their omitting or declining, or ceasing to act as such Arbitrator or Umpire, another and different person shall be named as aforesaid to act as such Arbitrator or Umpire in the place and stead of the person so originally named as aforesaid, and shall make and subscribe such declaration as aforesaid. ARTICLE II. The Commissioners shall then forthwith proceed to the investigation Investigation of of the claims which shall be presented to their notice. They shall in- claims. vestigate and decide upon such cla.ilns in such order and in such manner as they may conjointly think proper, but upon such evidence or information as shall be furnished by or on behalf of their respective Governments. They shall be bound to receive and peruse all written documents or statements whlich may be presented to them by or on behalf of 632 PrUBLIC TREATIES. their respective Governments, in support of or in answer to any claim, and to hear, if required, one person on each side on behalf of each Government as Counsel or Agent for such Government, on each and every separate claim. Should they fail to agree in opinion on any individual claim, they shall call to their assistance the Arbitrator or Umpire whom they have agreed to name, or who may be determined by lot, as the case may be, and such Arbitrator or Umpire, after having examined the evidence adduced for and against the claim, and after having heard, as required, one person on each side, as aforesaid, and consulted with the Commissioners, shall dedide thereupon finally and without appeal. The decisions of the Commissioners and of the Arbitrator or Umpire shall be given upon each claim in writing, and shall be signed by them respectAgenet of each ively. It shall be competent for each Government to name one person to attend the Commissioners as agent on its behalf, and to answer claims made upon it, and to represent it generally in all matters connected with the investigation and decision thereof. Decisions to be The President of the United States, and the President of Peru, hereby final. solemnly and sincerely engage to consider the decision of the Commissioners conjointly, or of the Arbitrator or Umpire, as the case may be, as absolutely final and conclusive upon each claim decided upon by them or him, respectively, and to give full effect to such decisions, without any objections, evasion, or delay whatsoever. It is agreed that no claim arising out of any transaction of a date prior to the 30th of November, 1863, shall be admissible under this convention. ARTICLE III. When claims to Every claim shall be presented to the Commissioners within two months be presented. from the day of their first meeting, unless in any case where reasons for delay shall be established to the satisfaction of the Commissioners, or of the Arbitrator or Umpire, in the event of the Commissioners differing in opinion thereon, and then and in every'such case the period for presenting the claim may be extended to any period not exceeding one month longer. When decisions The Commissioners shall be bound to examine and decide upon every to be made. claim within six months from the day of their first meeting. ARTICLE IV. When awards to All sums of money which may be awarded by the Commissioners, or be paid. by the Arbitrator or Umpire, on account of any claim, shall be paid by the one Government to the other, as the case may be, within four months after the date of the decision, without interest, and without any deduction, save as specified in Article VI, hereinafter. ARTICLE V. Claims not p re- The high contracting parties agree to consider the result of the prosentedtobe barred. ceedings of this Commission as a full, perfect, and final settlement of every claim upon either Government arising out of any transaction of a date prior to the exchange of the ratifications of the present convention; and further engage that every such claim, whether or not the same may have been presented to the notice of, made, preferred, or laid before the said Commissioners, shall, from and after the conclusion of the proceedings of the said Commission, be considered and treated as finally settled, barred, and therefore inadmissible. A:RTICLE VI. ExpensesofCom- The salaries of the Commissioners shall not exceed forty-five hundred mnission. dollars in United States gold coin, each, yearly. Those of the secretaries and Arbitrator or Umpire shall be determined by the Commissioners; and in case the said Commission finish its labors in less than PERU, 1868. 633 six months, the Commissioners, together with their assistants, will be entitled to six months' pay, and the whole expenses of the Commission shall be defrayed by a ratable deduction on the amount of the sums awarded by the Commissioners, provided always that such deduction shall not exceed the rate of five per cent. on the sums so awarded. The deficiency, if any, shall be defrayed by the two Governments in moieties. ARTICLE VII. The present convention shall be ratified by the President of the United Ratifications. States, by and with the consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of Peru, with the approbation of the Congress of that Republie, and the ratifications will be exchanged in Lima, as soon as may be, within six months of the date hereof. ARTICLE VIII. The high contracting parties declare that this convention shall not be This convention considered as a precedent obligatory on them, and that they remain in not to be a prece-.y...,, ~~~dent as to future perfect liberty to proceed in the manner that may be deemed most con- claims. venient regarding the diplomatic claims that may arise in the future. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. same in the English and Spanish languages, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Done in Lima the fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord one Date. thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight. ALVIN P. HOVEY. [L. S.1 J. A. BARRENECHEA. [L. S.] 634 PUBLIC TREATIES. PORTUGAL. PORTUGAL, 1840. Aug. 26, 1840. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF PORTUGAL, CONCLUDED AT LISBON AUGUST 26, 1840; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 3, 1841; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 23, 1841; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 23, 1841;. -PROCLAIMED APRIL 24, 1841. Treaty with Portugal. In the Name of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity. Contracting par- The United States of America and Her Most Faithful Majesty the ties. Queen of Portugal and of the Algarves, equally animated with the desire of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States; of extending, also, and consolidating the commercial intercourse between them; and convinced that this object cannot better be accomplished than by adopting the system of an entire freedom of navigation, and a perfect reciprocity based upon principles of equity equally beneficial to both countries; have, in consequence, agreed to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce and navigation: and they have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries for that purpose, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, Edward Kavan[a]gh, their Charge d'Affaires at the Court of Her Most Faithful Majesty; and Her Most Faithful Majesty, the most illustrious and most excellent John Baptist de Almeida Garrett, First Historiographer to her said Majesty, of her Council, Member of the Cortes, Knight of the ancient and most noble Order of the Tower an[d] Sword, Knight Commander of the Order of Christ, Officer of the Order of Leopold in Belgium, Judge of the Superior Court of Commerce, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Her Catholic Majesty; Who, after having exchanged their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Reciprocalliberty There shall be, between the territories of the high contracting parties, of commerce and a reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation. The citizens and navigation. subjects of their respective States shall, mutually, have liberty to enter the ports, places, and rivers of the territories ot each party, wherever foreign commerce is or shall be permitted. -They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts of said territories, in order to attend to their affairs; and they shall enjoy, to that effect, the same security and protection as natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances there prevailing, and particularly to the regulations in force concerning commerce. ARTICLE II. Vessels upon Vessels of the United States of America arriving, either laden equal footing. or in ballast, in the ports of the Kingdom and possessions of Portugal; and, reciprocally, Portuguese vessels arriving, either laden or in ballast, in the ports of the United States of America, shall be treated, on their entrance, during their stay, and at their departure, upon the PORTUGAL, 1840. 635 same footing as national vessels, coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonnage, light-house duties, pilotage, port charges, as well as to the fees and perquisites of public officers, and all other duties and charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied upon vessels of commerce, in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any public or private establishment, whatsoever. ARTICLE III. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into Equality of duthe Kingdom and possessions of Portugal of any article the growth, tithe on products of produce, or manufacture of the United States of America; and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United States of America of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Kingdom and possessions of Portugal, than such as are or shall be payable on the like article being the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the importation or exporta- Equality of protion of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United hibitions. States of America, or of the Kingdom and possessions of Portugal, to or from the ports of the said Kingdom and possessions of Portugal, or of the said States, which shall not equally extend to all. other foreign nations. Nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed, in either Exportations. of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States of America, or to the Kingdom of Portugal, respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country. Provided, however, that nothing contained in this article shall be un- [See convention derstood, or intended, to interfere with the stipulation entered into by of 18 3 1 w i t ht the United States of America, for a special equivalent, in regard to Fr247ance pp. 245French wines, in the convention made by the said States and France, 247.] on the fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one; which stipulation will expire, and cease to have effect, in the month of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-two. ARTICLE IV. The same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties, deductions, or Importations in privileges allowed, on the importation into the Kingdom and Possessions vessels of either of Portugal, of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the party. United States of America, whether such importation shall be in vessels of the said States, or in Portuguese vessels; and, reciprocally, the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties, deductions, or privileges allowed, on the importation into the United States of America, of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Kingdom and possessions of Portugal, whether such importation shall be in Portuguese vessels, or in vessels of the said States. ARTICLE V. It is agreed by the high contracting parties that, whenever there may Importations in be lawfully imported into all or any of the ports of the Kingdom and vessels of other possessions of Portugal, in vessels of any foreign country, articles of countries. the growth, produce, or manufacture of a country other than that to which the importing vessels shall belong, the same privilege shall imnediately become common to vessels of the United States of America, with all the same rights and favors as may, in that respect, be granted to the most favored nation. And, reciprocally, in consideration thereof, Portuguese vessels shall thereafter enjoy, in the same respect, privileges, rights, and favors, to a correspondent extent, in the ports of the United States of America. 636 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VI. Duties on expor- All kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce which may be tatiions. lawfully exported or re-exported from the ports of either of the high contracting parties to any foreign country, in national vessels, may also be exported or re-exported therefrom in vessels of the other party, respectively, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce were exported or re-exported in national vessels. Bounties, draw- And the same bountries and drawbacks shall be allowed, whether backs, &c. such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the one party or the other. ARTICLE VII. Coasting trade. It is expressly understood that nothing contained in this treaty shall be applicable to the coastwise navigation of either of the two countries, which each of the high contracting parties reserves exclusively to itself. ARTICLE VIII. Stipulations not It is mutually understood that the foregoing stipulations do not apply applicable to cer- to ports and territories, in the Kingdom and possessions of Portugal, where foreign comnmerce and navigation are not admitted; and that the commerce and navigation of Portugal directly to and from the United States of America and the said ports and territories are also prohibited. When ports to be But Her Most Faithful Majesty agrees that, as soon as the said ports opened to United and territories, or any of them, shall be opened to the commerce or navStates. igation of any foreign nation, they shall, froln that moment, be also opened to the commerce and navigation of the United States of America, with the same privileges, rights, and favors as may be allowed to the most favored nation, gratuitously, if the concession was gratuitously made, or on allowing the same compensation or an equivalent if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE IX. Vessels seeking Whenever the citizens or subjects of either of the contracting parties refuge. shall be forced to seek refuge or asylum in any of the rivers, bays, ports, or territories of the other, with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor, facility, and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage, without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE X. Consular officers. The two contracting parties shall have the liberty of having, each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and Exequaturs. powers as those of the most favored nation. But before any Consul, Vice-Consul, Agent, or Commissary shall act as such, he shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent. But, if any such Consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted, in the same place, in respect of their commercial transactions. Andi it is hereby declared that, in case of offense against the laws, such Consul, Vice-Consul, Agent, or Commissary may either be punished according to law or be sent back, the offended Government assigning to the other reasons for the same. PORTUGAL, 1840. 637 The archives and papers of the consulates shall be respected inviola- Inviolability of bly; and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in archives. any way interfere with them. The Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents shall have the S ott tlement of right, as such, to sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as disputes between may arise between the captains and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crews or of the captains should disturb the order or the tranquillity or offend the laws of the country, or the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents should require their assistance to cause their decisions to be carried into effect or supported. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authorities of their country. ARTICLE XI. The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and CommercialAgents are authorized Deserters from to require the assistance of the local authorities for the search, arrest, vessels. detention, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant-vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand the said deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by any other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall be made without delay. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belonged, or sent back to their own country by a vessel of the same nation, or any other vessel whatsoever. But, if not sent back within four months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. However, if the deserter shall be found to have committed any crime or offense, the surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be pending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XII. The citizens and subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall Disposal and inhave power to dispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of beritance of perthe other, by testament, donation, or otherwise; and their representa- sonal property. tives shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at will, paying to the profit of the respective Governments such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And where, on the death of any person holding real estate within the Heirs to real esterritories ol one of the high contracting parties, such real estate would, tate. by the laws of the land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other party, who, by reason of alienage, may be incapable of holding it, he shall be allowed the time fixed by the laws of the country; and, in case the laws of the country actually in force may not have fixed any such time, he then shall be allowed a reasonable time to sell or otherwise dispose of such real estate, and to withdraw and export the proceeds without molestation, and without paying to the profit of the respective 638 PUBLIC TREATIES. Governments any other dues than those to which the inhabitants of the country wherein said real estate is situated shall be subject to pay in like cases. ARTICLE XIII. Favors granted If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any parto other nations to ticular favor in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become becolne common. common to the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other nation, or on yielding the same compensation or an equivalent, quam proxini8, where the grant is conditional. ARTICLE XIV. The United States of America and Her Most Faithful Majesty, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit, the relations which are to be established between the two parties, by virtue of this treaty or general convention of reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation, have declared solemnly and do agree to the following points: Duration- of 1st. The present treaty shall be in force for six years from the date treaty. hereof, and further until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate -the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at any time after the expiration of the said term of six years; and it is hereby agreed between. them that, on the expiratian of one year after such notice shall have been received by either from the other party, this treaty shall altogether cease and terminate. Infringement of 2d. If any one or more of the citizens or subjects of either party shall treaty. infringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen or subject shall be held personally responsible for the same; and the harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation. Re p r i sals and 3d. If, (which, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the declara t ions of articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in war. any way whatever, it is expressly stipulated, that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorise any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proof, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. Ratifications. 4th. The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said States, and by Her Most Faithful Majesty, with the previous consent of the General. Cortes of the nation, and the ratifications shall be exchanged, in the city of Washington, within eight months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Date. Done in triplicate in the city of Lisbon, the twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty. EDWARD KAVANAG1H. [L. S.] JOAO BAPTISTA DE ALMEIDA GARRETT. [L. S.] .PORTUGAL, 1851. 639 POlRTUGAL, 1851. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HER Feb. 26,1851. MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF PORTUGAL RELATIVE TO CLAIMS OF AMERICAN CITIZENS, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON FEBRUARY 26, 1851; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 7, 1851; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 10, 1851; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT LISBON JUNE 23, 1851; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 1, 1851. The United States of America and Her Most Faithful Majesty the Contracting parQueen of Portugal and of the Algarves, equally animated with the ties. desire to maintain the relations of harmony and amity which have always existed, and which it is desirable to preserve between the two Powers, having agreed t to terminate by a convention the pending questions between their respective Governments in relation to certain pecuniary claims of American citizens presented by the Government of the United States against the Government of Portugal, have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries for that purpose, to wit: The President of the United States of America, Daniel Webster, Negotiators. Secretary of State of said United States, and Her Most Faithful Majesty, J. C. de Figaniere e Morio, of Her Council, Knight Commander of the Orders of Christ and of O. L. of Conception of Villa Vigoza, and Minister Resident of Portugal near the Government of the United States; Who, after having exchanged their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Her Most Faithful Majesty the Queen of Portugal and of the Algarves, Payment to the appreciating the difficulty of the two Governments agreeing upon the United States in subject of said claims, from the difference of opinion entertained by full of claims. them respectively, which difficulty might hazard the continuance of the good understanding now prevailing between them, and resolved to maintain the same unimpaired, has assented to pay to the Government of the United States a sum equivalent to the indemnities claimed for several American citizens, (with the exception of that mentioned in the fourth article,) and which sum the Government of the United States undertakes to receive in full satisfaction of said claims, except as aforesaid, and to distribute the same among the claimants. ARTICLE II. The high contracting parties, not being able to come to an agreement Case of the brig upon the question of public la-w involved in the case of the American "Gen r al 1 Armprivateer brig "General Armstrong," destroyed by British vessels in strong" to be subthe waters of the island of Fayal, in September, 18147 Her'Most Faith- mitted to arbitra ful Majesty has proposed, and the United States of America have consented, that the claim presented by the American Government, in behalf of the captain, officers, and crew of the said privateer, should be submitted to the arbitrament of a sovereign, potentate, or chief of some nation in amity with both the high contracting parties. ARTICLE III. So soon as the consent of the sovereign, potentate, or chief of some Papers to belaid friendly nation, who shall be chosen by the two high contracting par- before arbiter. ties, shall have been obtained to act as arbiter in the aforesaid case of the privateer brig' "General Armstrong," copies of all correspondence which has passed in reference to said claim between the two Governments and their respective representatives shall be laid before the arbi- Decision to be ter, to whose decision the two high contracting parties hereby bind final. themselves to submit. ~40 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. Sum to be paid The pecuniary indemnities which Her Most Faithful Majesty promises for other clainms to pay, or cause to be paid, for all the claims presented previous to the 6th day of July. 1850, in behalf of American citizens, by the Government of the United States, (with the exception of that of the "' General Armstrong,") are fixed at ninety-one thousand seven hundred and twenty-seven dollars, in accordance with the correspondence between the two Governments. ARTICLE V. Payment, how The payment of the sum stipulated in the preceding article shall be made. made in Lisbon, in ten equal instalments, in the course of five years, to the properly-authorized agent of the United States. The first instalment of nine thousand one hundred and seventy-two dollars seventy cents, with interest as hereinafter provided, (or its equivalent in Portuguese current money,) shall be paid, as aforesaid, on the 30th day of September of the current year of 1851, or earlier, at the option of the Portuguese Government; and at the end of every subsequent six months a like instalment shall be paid-the integral sum of ninety-one thousand seven hundred and twenty-seven dollars, or its equivalent, thus to be satisfied on or before the thirtieth day of September, 1856. ARTICLE VI. Interest. It is hereby agreed that each and all of the said instalments are to bear, and to be paid with an interest of six per cent. per annum, from the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present convention. ARTICLE VII. Ratifications. This convention shall be approved and ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Lisbon within four months after the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In testimony whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Date. Done in the city of Washington, D. C., the twenty-sixth day of February, of the year.of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fiftyone. DAN'L WEBSTER. [L. S.] J. c. DE FIGANI1RE E MOIRAO. [L. S.] PRUSSIA, 1785. 641 PRUSSIA. [See North German Union, German Empire.] PRUSSIA, 1785. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF Sept. 10, 1785. PRUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CONCLUDED AT THE HAGUE SEPTEMBER 10, 1785; RATIFIED BY THE KING OF PRUSSIA SEPTEMBER 24, 1785; RATIFIED BY THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES MAY 17, 1786. [This treaty expired by limitation ten years after the exchange of ratifications. Renewed for ten years by treaty of 1799. Article XII revived by treaty of 1828.] Treaty of amity and commerce, between His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America. His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America, Contracting pardesiring to fix, in a permanent and equitable manner, the rules to be ties' observed in the intercourse and commerce they desire to establish between their respective countries, His Majesty and the United States have judged that the said end cannot be better obtained than by taking the most perfect equality and reciprocity for the basis of their agreement. With this view, His Majesty the King of Prussia has nominated and Negotiators. constituted as his Plenipotentiary, the Baron Frederick William de Thulemeier, his Privy Counsellor of Embassy, and Envoy Extraordinary with their High Mightinesses the States-General of the United Netherlands; a nd the United States have, on their part, given full powers to John Adams, Esquire, late one of their Ministers Plenipotentiary for negotiating a peace, heretofore a Delegate;n Congress from the State of Massachusetts, and Chief Justice of the same, and now Minister Plenipotentiary of the, United States with His Britannic Majesty; Doctor Benjamin Franklin, hate Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Versailles, and another of their Ministers Plenipotentiary for negotiating a peace; and Thomas Jefferson, heretofore a Delegate in Congress from the State of Virginia, and Governor of the said State, and now Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States at the Court of His Most Christian Majesty; which respective Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers, and on mature deliberation, have concluded, settled, and signed the following articles; ARTICLE I. There shall be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace and sincere Peace andfriendship. friendship between His Majesty the King of Prussia, his heirs, successors, and subjects, on the one part, and the United States of America and their citizens on the other, without exception of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The subjects of His Majesty the King of Prussia may frequent all the Privileges of subcoasts and countries of the United States of America, and reside and jects of Predusste in trade there in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and rmerchandize; and shall pay within the said United States no other r ogreater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, than the most favoured nations are or shall be obliged to pay: and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and comrmerce which the most favoured nation does or shall enjoy; submitting themselves nevertheless to the R S IV 41 642 PUBLIC TREATIES. laws and usages there establishedl, and to which are submitted the citizens of the United States, and the citizens and subjects of the most favoured nations. AR'1'ICLE III. Privileges of citi- In like manner the citizens of the United States of America may zens of United frequent all the coasts and countries of His Majesty the King of PrusStates in Prussia. sia, and reside and trade there in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and merchandize; and shall pay in the dominions of his said Majesty no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever than the most favoured nation is or shall be obliged to pay: and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce which the most favoured nation does or shall enjoy; submitting themselves nevertheless to the laws and usages there established, and to which are submitted the subjects of His Majesty the King of Prussia, and the subejects and citizens of the most favoured nations. ARTICLE IV. Freedom of cornm- More especially each party shall have a right to carry their own promerce and naviga- duce, manufactures, and merchandize in their own or any other vessels tion. to any parts of the dominions of the other, where it shall be lawful for all the subjects or citizens of that other freely to purchase them; and thence to take the produce, manufactures, and merchandize of the other, which all the said citizens or subjects shall in like manner be free to sell them, paying in both cases such duties, charges, and fees only as are or shall be paid by the most favoured nation. Nevertheless, the King of Prussia and the United States, and each of them, reserve to themselves the right, where any nation restrains the transportation of merchandize to the vessels of the country of which, it is the growth or manufacture, to establish against such nations restaliating regulations;and also the right to prohibit, in their respective countries, the importation and exportation of all merchandize whatsoever, when reasons of state shall require it. In this case, the subjects or citizens of either of the contracting parties shall not import nor export the merchandize prohibited by the other; but if one of the contracting parties permits any other nation to import or export the same merchandize, the citizens or subjects of the other shall immediately enjoy the same liberty. ARTICLE V. Lading of v e s- The merchants, commanders of vessels, or other subjects or citizens sels. of either party, shall not within the ports or jurisdiction of the other be forced to unload any sort of merchandize into any other vessels, nor to receive them into their own, nor to wait for their being loaded longer than they please. ARTICLE VI. Examlination of That the vessels of either party loading within the ports or jurisdicgoods. tion of the other may not be uselessly harassed or detained, it is agreed that all examinations of goods required by the laws shall be made before they are laden on board the vessel, and that there shall be no examination after; nor shall the vessel be searched at any time, unless articles shall have been laden therein clandestinely and illegally, in which case the person by whose order they were carried on board, or who carried them without order, shall be liable to the laws of the land in which he is; but no other person shall be molested, nor shall'any other groods, nor the vessel, be seized or detained for that cause. ARTICLE VII. Protect i o n to Each party shall endeavour, by all the means in their power, to provessels and effects. tect anld desend [defend] all vessels and other effects belonging to the PRiUSSIA, 1785. 643 citizens or subjects of the other, which shall be within the extent of their jurisdiction, by sea or by land; and shall use all their efforts to recover, and cause to be restored to the right owners, their vessels and effects which shall be taken from them within the extent of their said jurisdiction. ARTICLE VIII. The vessels of the subjects or citizens of either party, coming on any Treat me an t of coast belonging to the other. but not willing to enter into port, or being vessels. entered into port, and not willing to unload their cargoes or br'eak bulk, shall have liberty to depart and to pursue their voyage without molestation, and( without being obliged to render account of their cargo, or to pay any duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, except those established for vessels entered into port, and appropriated to the maintenance of the port itself, or of other establishments for the safety and convenience of navigators, which duties, charges, and fees shall be the same, and shall be paid on the same footing as in the case of subjects or citizens of the country where they are established. ARTICLE IX. When any vessel of either party shall be wrecked, foundered, or Wrecked ordaimotherwise damaged on the coasts, or within the dominion of the other, raged vessels. their respective subjects or citizens shall receive, as well for themselves as for their vessels and effects, the same assistance which would be due to the inhabitants of the country where the damage happens, and shall pay the sae charges and dues only the same charges and dues only as the said inhabitants would be subject to pay in a like case; and if the operations of repair shall require that the whole or any part of their cargo be ulladed, they shall pay no duties, charges, or fees on the part which they shall relade and carry away. The antient and barbarous right to wrecks of the sea shall be entirely abolished, with respect to the subjects or citizens of the two contracting parties. ARTICLE X. The citizens or subjects of each party shall have power to dispose of Disposal and intheir personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by testament, heritance of perdonation, or otherwise; and their representatives, being subjects or citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of the representative, such care shall be taken of the said goods, and for so long a time as would be taken of the goods of a native in like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if question shall arise among several claimlnalts to which of them the said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said goods are. And where, on the death of any person holding real Heirs to real esestate within the territories of the one party, such real estate would bv tate. the laws of the land descend on a citizens or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, such subject shall be allowed a reasonable time to sell the same, and to withdraw the proce[e]ds without molestation, and exempt from all rights of detraction on the part of the Governmeut of the respective States. But this article shall not dero~ gate in any manner from the force of the laws already published or hereafter to be published, by His Majesty the King of Prussina, to prevent the emigration of his subjects. 644 PUBLIC TREATIESo ARTICLE XI. Liberty of con- The most perfect freedom of conscience and of worship is granted to science. the citizens or subjects of either party within the jurisdiction of the other, without being liable to molestation in that respect for any cause other than an insult on the religion of others. Moreover, when the subjects or citizens of the one party shall die within the jurisdiction of the other, their bodies shall be buried in the usual burying-grounds or other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XII. Neutral trade. If one of the contracting parties should be engaged in war with any other Power, the free intercourse and commerce of the subjects or citizens of the party remaining neuter with the belligerent Powers shall not be interrupted. On the contrary, in that case, as in full peace, the vessels of the neutral party may navigate freely to and from the ports and Free ships make on the coasts of the belligerent parties, free vessels making free goods, free g~oods1. insomuch that all things shall be adjudged free which shall be on board treaty of 1799, p any vessel belonging to the neutral party, although such things belong 651; Also Article to an enemy of the other; and the same freedom shall be extended to XII, treaty of 1828, persons who shall be on board a free vessel, although they should be p. 659.] enemies to the other party, unless they be soldiers in actual service of such enemy. ARTICLE XIII. Regulations in And in the same case of one of the contracting parties being engaged case ofcontraband. in war with any other Power, to prevent all the difficulties and misunderstandings that usually arise respecting the merchandize heretofore called contraband, such as arms, ammunition, and military stores of every kind, no such articles carried in the vessels, or by the subjects or citizens of one of the parties to the enemies of the other, shall be deemed contraband, so as to induce confiscation or condemnation and a loss of property to individuals. Nevertheless, it shall be lawful to stop such vessels and articles, and to detain them for such length of time as the captors may think necessary to prevent the inconvenience or damage that might ensue from their proceeding, paying, however, a reasonable compensation for the loss such arrest shall occasion to the proprietors: And it shall further be allowed to use in the service of the captors the whole or any part of the military stores so detained, paying the owners the full value of the same, to be ascertained by the current price at the place of its destination. But in the case supposed, of a vessel stopped for articles heretofore deemed contraband, if the master of the vessel stopped will deliver out the goods supposed to be of contraband nature, he shall be admitted to do it, and the vessel shall not in that case be carried into any port, nor further detained, but shall be allowed to proceed on her voyage. ARTICLE XIV. S o a-letters o r And in the same case where one of the parties is engaged in war with passports. another Power, that the vessels of the neutral party may be readily and certainly known, it is agreed that they shall be provided with sea-letters or passports, which shall express the name, the property, and burthen of the vessel, as also the name and dwelling of the master; which passports shall be made out in good and due forms, (to be settled by conventions between the parties whenever occasion shall require,) shall be renewed as often as the vessel shall return into port, and shall be exhibited whensoever required, as well in the open sea as in port. But if the said vessel be under convoy of one or more vessels of war belonging to the neutral party, the simple declaration of the officer commanding the con PRUSSIA, 1785. 645 voy, that the said vessel belongs to the party of which he is, shall be considered as establishing the fact, and shall relieve both parties from the trouble of further examination. ARTICLE XV. And to prevent entirely all disorder and violence in such cases, it is R e g u lation of stipulated, that when the vessels of the neutral party, sailing without visits at sea. convoy, shall be met by any vessel of war, public or private, of the other party, such vessel of war shall not approach within cannon-shot of the said neutral vessel, nor send more than two or three men in their boat on board the same, to examine her sea-letters or passports. And all persons belonging to any vessel of war, public or private, who shall molest or injure in any manner whatever the people, vessels, or effects of the other party, shall be responsible in their persons and property for damages and interest, sufficient security for which shall be given by all commlanders of private armed vessels before they are commissioned. ARTICLE XVI. It is agreed that the subjects or citizens of each of the contracting Embargo or departies, their vessels and effects, shall not be liable to any embargo or tention. detention on the part of the other, for any military expedition, or other [See Art i c le I., - XVI, treaty of public or private purpose whatsoever. And in all cases of seizure, de- 1799, p. 653. tention, or arrest for debts contracted, or offences committed by any citizen or subject of the one party, within the jurisdiction of the other, the same shall be made and prosecuted by order and authority of law only, and according to the regular course of proceedings usual in such cases. ARTICLE XVII. If any vessel or effects of the neutral Power be taken by an enemy of Recaptured vesthe other, or by a pirate, and retaken by that other, they shall be sels. brought into some port of, one of the parties, and delivered into the custody of the officers of that port, in order to be restored entire to the true proprietor, as soon as due proof shall be made concerning the property thereof. ARTICLE XVIII. If the citizens or subjects of either party, in danger from tempests, Vessels seeking pirates, enemies, or other accident, shall take refuge with their vessels refuge. or effects, within the harbours or jurisdiction of the other, they shall be received, protected, and treated with humanity and kindness, and shall be permitted to furnish themselves, at reasonable prices, with all refreshments, provisions, and other things necessary for their sustenance, hea[l]th, and accommodation, and for the repair of their vessels. ARTICLE XIX. The vessels of war, public and private, of both parties, shall carry Prizes. freely wheresoever they please the vessels and effects taken from their enemies, without being obliged to pay any duties, charges, or fees to officers of admiralty, of the customs, or any others; nor shall such prizes be arrested, searched, or put under legal process, when they come to and enter the ports of the other party, but may freely be carried out again at any time by their captors to the places expressed in their commissions, whichthe commanding officer of such vesselshallbe obliged to shew. But No asylum in ano vessel which shall have made prises on the subjects of His Mo.st United States to Christian Majesty the King of France shall have a right of asylum in prizes captured the ports or havens of the said United States; and if any such be forced from France. therein by tempest or dangers of the sea, they shall be obliged to de- [See Article part as soon as possible, according to the tenor of the treaties existing X7VIithreFratynce between his said Mlost Christian Majesty and the said United States. p. 208.] 646 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XX. L e t t e r s of No citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties shall take marque. from any Power with which the other may be at war any ccmmission or letter of marque for arming any vessel to act as a privateer against the other, on pain of being punished as a pirate; nor shall either party hire, lend, or give any part of their naval or military force to the enemy of the other, to aid them offensively or defensively against that other. ARTICLE XXI. Regulations in If the two contracting parties should be engaged in war agaiust a case of watr. common enemy, the following points shall be observed between them: 1. If a vessel of one of the parties retaken by a privateer,of the other shall not have been in possession of the enemy more than twenty-four hours, she shall be restored to the first owner for one-third of the value of the vessel and cargo; but if she shall have been more than twenty-four hours in the possession of the enemy, she shall belong wholly to the recaptor. 2. If in the same case the recapture were by a public vessel of war of the one party, restitution shall be made to the owner for one-thirtieth part of the value of the vessel and cargo, if she shall not have been in possession of the enemy more than twenty-four hours, and one-tenth of the saitl value where she shall have been longer; which sums shall be distributed in gratuities to the recaptors. 3. The restitution in the cases aforesaid shall be after due proof of property, and surety given for the part to which the recaptors are entitled. 4. The vessels of war, public and private, of the two parties, shall be reciprocally admitted with their prizes into the respective ports of each; but the said prizes shall not be discharged nor sold there, until their legality shall have been decided, according to to the laws and regulations of the States to which the captor belongs, but by the judicatures of the place into which the prize shall have been conducted. 5. It shall be free to each party to make such regulations as they shall judge necessary for the conduct of their respective vessels of war, public and private, relative to the vessels which they shall take and carry into the ports of the two parties. ARTICLE XXII. Convoys. Where the parties shall have a common enemy, or shall both be neutral, the vessels of war of each shall upon all occasions take under their protection the vessels of the other going the same course, and shall defend such vessels as long as they hold the same course against all force and violence, in the same manner as they ought to protect and defend vessels belonging to the party of which they are. ARTICLE XX1II. Rights of resi- If war should arise between the two contracting parties, the merdents in case of chants of either country then residing in the other shall be allowed to war. remain nine months to collect their debts and settle their affairs, and,may depart freely, carrying off all their effects without molestation or Principlesot con- hindrance. And all women and children, scholars of every faculty, culducting war. ~tivators of the earth, artizans, manufacturers, and fishermen, unarmed and inhabiting unfortified towns, villages, or places, and in general all others whose occupations are for the common subsistence and benefit of mankind, shall be allowed to continue their respective employments, and shall not be molested in their persons, nor shall their houses or goods be burnt or otherwise destroyed, nor their fields wasted by the armed force of the enemy, into whose power by the events of war they may happen to fall; but if anything is necessary to be taken fiom them for the use of such armed force, the same shall be paid for at a reason PRUSSIA, 1 85. 647 able price. And all merchant and trading vessels employel ill ex- No commissions changing the products of different places, and thereby rendering the to Isrivate armed necessaries, conveniences, and comforts of human life more easy to bee obtained, and and more general, shall be allowed to pass free and unmolested; and neither of the contracting Powers shall grant or issue any commissions to any private armed vessels, empowering them to take or destroy such trading vessels or interrupt such commerce. ARTICLE XXIV. And to prevent the destruction of prisoners of war, by sending them Treat ment of into distant and inclement countries, or by crouding them into close and prisoners of war. noxions places, the two contracting parties solemnly pledge themselves to each other and to the world that they will not adopt any such practice; that neither will send the prisoners whom they may take from the other into the East Inadies, or any other parts of Asia or Africa, but that they shall be placed in some part of their dominions in Europe or America, in wholesome situations; that they shall not be conliled in dungeons, prison-ships, nor prisons, nor be put into irons, nor bound, nor otherwise restrained in the use of their limbs; that the officers shall be enlarged on their paroles within convenient districts, and have comfortable quarters, and the common men be disposed in cantonments open and extensive enough for air and exercise, and lodged in barracks as roomly and good as are provi(led by the party in whose power they are for their own troops; that the officers shaill also be daily furnished by the party in whose power they are with as many rations, and of the same articles,and quality as are allowed by them, either in kind or by commutation, to officers of equal rank in their own army; and all others shall be daily furni shed by them with such ration as they allow to a common soldier ill their own service; the value whereof shall be paid by the other party on a muttual adjustment of accounts for the subsistence of prisoners at the close of the war; and the said accounts shall not be mingled with, or set off against any others, nor the ballances due on them be witheld as a. satisfaction or reprisal for any other article or for any other cause, real or pretended, whatever; that each partly shall be allowed to keep a commissary of prisoners of. their own appointment, with every separate cantonmnent of prisoners in possession of the other, which commissary shall see the prisoners as often as lie pleases, shall be allowed to receive and distribute whatever comforts may be sent to them by their friends, and shall be free to make his reports in open letters to those who employ hitm; but if anly officer shall breack his parole, or any other prisoner shall escape frown the limits of his cantonment, after they shall have been designated to him, such individual officer or other prisoner shall forfeit, so much of the benefit of this article as provides for his enlargement on parole or cantonment. And it is declared, that neither the pretence that Articles not to war dissolves all treaties, nor any other whatever, shall be considered be annulled. as annulling or suspending this and the next preceding article; but, on the contrary, that the state of war is precisely that for which they are provided, and during which they are to be as sacredly observed as the most acknowledged articles in the law of nature or nations. ARTICLE XXV. The two contracting parties grant to each other the liberty of having, Consular officers. each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries of their own appointment, whose functions shall be regulated by particular agreement whenever eithe~ party shall chuse to make such appointment; but if any such Consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted in the same place. 648 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXVI. Favors granted If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation, any particular to other -nations to favour in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become common become commonto the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other nation, or on yielding the compensation, where such nation does the s~ame. ARTICLE XXVII[. D u r a t i o n of His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America treat~y. agree that this treaty shall be in force during the term of ten years from the exchange of ratifications; and if the expiration of that term should happen during the course of a war between them, then the articles before provided for the regulation of their conduct during such a war, shall continue inl force until the conclusion of the treaty which shall reRatifications. establish peace; and that this treaty shall be ratified on both sides, and the ratifications exchanged within one year from the day of its signature. ig n t u r e s; In testimony whereof the'Plenipotentiaries before mentioned, have date. hereto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, at the places of their respective residence, and at the dates expressed under their several signatures. B. FiERANKLIN. [L. S.] Passy, July 9, 1785. TH: JEFFERSON. [L. S.] Paris, July 28, 1785. JOHN ADAMS. [L. s.] London, Auzgust 5, 1785. F. G. DE THULERMEIEER. [L. s.] A la Haye le 10 Septembre, 1785. PRUSSIA, 1799. July 11, 1799. RENEWED TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETWEEN HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF. PRUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CONCLUDED AT BERLIN JULY 11, 1799; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 18, 1800; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 19, 1800; RATIFICArIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN JUNE 22, 1800; PROCLAIMED NlOVEMBER 4, 1800. [This treaty expired by limitation, ten years after exchange of ratifications. Articles XIII to XXIV revived, with exception, by Article XII, treaty of 1828.] Treat^y of amity and commerce, between His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America. Contracting par- His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America, ties. desiring to maintain upon a stable and permanent footing the connections of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted [See pp. 641-648.] between their respective States, and for this purpose to renew the treaty of amity and commerce concluded between the two Powers at the Hague the 10th of September, 1785, for the term of ten years, His Negotiators. Prussian Majesty has nominated and constituted as his Plenipotentiaries the Count Charles William de Finkenstein, his Minister of State, of War, and of the Cabinet, Knight of the Orders of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle, and Commander of that of St. John of Jerusalem, the Baron Philip Charles d'Alvensleben, his Minister of State, of War, and of the Cabinet, Knight of the Orders of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle, and of that of St. John of Jerusalem, and the Count Christian Henry Curt de Haugwitz, his Minister of State, of War? and of the Cabinet, Knight of the Orders of the Black Eagle and of the Red PRUSSIA, 1799. 649 Eagle; and the President of the United States has furnished with their full powers John Quincy Adams, a citizen of the United States, and their Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Prussian Majesty; which Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded, settled, and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be in future, as there has been hitherto, a firm, inviolable, Peace and friendand universal peace and a sincere friendship between His Majesty the ship. King of Prussia, his heirs, successors, and subjects, on the one part, and the United States of America and their citizens on the other, without exception of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The subjects of His Majesty the King of Prussia may frequent all the P r i v i 1 e ges of coasts and countries of the United States of America, and reside and( Prussian sujects trade there in all sortsof produce, manufactures, and merchandize, and States. shall pay there no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever than the most favoured nations are or shall be obliged to pay. They shall also enjoy in navigation and commerce all the rights, privileges, and exemptions which the most favoured nation does or shall etnjoy, submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the established laws and usages to which are submitted the citizens of the United States and the most favoured nations. ARTICLE 1II. In like manner, the citizens of the United States of America may Privileges of citfrequent all the coasts and countries of His Majesty the King of Prus- izens of the United sia, and reside and trade there in all sorts of produce, anld manufactures, States in Prussia and merchandize, and shall pay, in the dominions of his said Majesty, no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever than the most favoured nation is or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce which the most favoured nation does or shall enjoy, submitting themnselves, nevertheless, to the established laws and usages to which are submitted the subjects of His Majesty the King of Prussia and the subjects and citizens of the most favoured nations. ARTICLE IV. More especially, each party shall have a right to carry their own prod- Freedom of comuce, manufactures, and merchandize, in their own or any other vessels, merce and navigato any parts of the dominions of the other, where it shall be lawful for all the subjects and citizens of that other freely to purchase them, and thence to take the produce, manufactures, and merchandize of the other, which all the said citizens or subjects shall in like manner be free to sell to them, paying in both cases such duties, charges, and fees only, as are or shall be paid by the most favoured nation. Nevertheless, His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States respectively reserve to themselves the right, where any nation restrains the transportation of merchandize to the vessells of the country of which it is the growth or manufacture, to establish against such nation retaliating regulations; and also the right to prohibit in their respective countries the importation and exportation of all merchandize whatsoever, when reasons of state shall require it. In this case the subjects or citizens of either of the contracting parties shall not import or export the merchandize prohibiteiad by the other. But if one of the contracting parties permits any other nation to import or export the same merchandize, the citizens or sfibjects of the other shall immediately enjoy the same liberty. 650 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE V. Lading of ves- The merchants, commanders of vessels, or other subjects or citizens seis. of either party, shall not, within the ports or jurisdiction of the other, be forced to unload any sort of merchandize into any other vessels, nor to receive them into their own, nor to wait for their being loaded longer than they please. ARTICLE'VI. Examination of That the vessels of either party, loading within the ports or jurisdicgoods. tion of the other, may not be uselessly harassed, or detained, it is agreed that all examinations of goods, required by the laws, shall be made before they are laden on board the vessel, and that there shall be no examination after; nor shall the vessel be searched at any time, unless articles shall have been laden therein clandestinely and illegally, in which case the person by whose order they were carried on board, or who carried them without order, shall be liable to the laws of the land in which he is, but no other person shall be molested, nor shall any other goods, nor the vessel, be seized or detained for that cause. ARTICLE VII. Pr o t ection to Each party shall endeavour by all the means in their power to provessels and effects. tect and defend all vessels and other effects, belonging to the citizens or subjects of the other, which shall be within the extent of their jurisdiction by sea or by land; and shall use all their efforts too recover and cause to be restored to the right owners their vessels and effects, which shall be taken from them within the extent of their said jurisdiction. ARTICLE VIII. Vessels touching The vessels of the subjects or citizens of either party, coming on any at ports. coast belonging to the other, but not willing to enter into port, or who entering into port are not willing to unload their cargoes or break bulk, shall have liberty to depart and to pursue their voyage without Imolestation, and without being obliged to render account of their cargo, or to pay any duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, except those established for vessels entered into port, and appropriated to the maintenance of the port itself, or of other establishments for the safety and convenience of navigators, which duties, charges, and fees shall be the same, and shall be paid on the same footing, as in the case of subjects or citizens of the country where they are established. ARTICLE IX. Wrecked or dam- When any vessel of either party shall be wrecked, foundered, or aged vessels. otherwise damaged, on the coasts or within the dominions of the other, their respective citizens or subjects shall receive, as well for themselves as for their vessels and effects, the same assistance which would be due to the inhabitants of the country where the damage happens, and shall pay the same charges and dues only as the said inhabitants would be subject to pay in a like case; and if the operations of repair shall require that the whole or any part of the cargo be nuladed, they shall pay no duties, charges, or fees on the part which they shall relade and carry away. The ancient and barbarous right to wrecks of the sea shall be entirely abolished with respect to the subjects or citizens of the two contracting parties. ARTICLE X. Disposal and in- The citizens or subjects of each party shall have power to dispose of hertance of p e r- their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by testament, solprprt. donatiol, or otherwise, and their representatives, beingf su:bjects or citi PRUSSIA, 1799. 651 zenus of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases, And in case of the absence of the representative, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taken of the goods of a native in like case, untill the lawfull owner may take measures for receiving them. And if question should arise among several claimants to which of them the said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said goods are. And where, on the He irs to real death of any person, holding real estate, within the territories of the estate. one party, such real estate would, by the laws of the land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, such subject shall be allowed a reasonable time to sell the same, and to withdraw the proceeds, without molestation, and exempt from all rights of detraction on the part of the Government of the respective States. But this article shall not derogate in any manner from the force of the laws already published or hereafter to be published by His Majesty the King of Prussia to prevent the emigration of his subjects. ARTICLE XI. The most perfect freedom of conscience and of worship is granted to Liberty of c o - the citizens or subjects of either party within the jurisdiction of the BCience. other, and no person shall be molested in that respect for any cause other than an insult on the religion of others. Moreover, when the subjects or citizens of the one party shall die within the jurisdiction of the other, their bodies shall be buried in the usual burying-grounds, or other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE XII. Experience having proved, that the principle adopted in the twelfth Rights of ncuarticle of the treaty of 1785, according to which free ships make free trals at sea. goods, has not been sufficiently respected during the two last wars, and [See Article XII, especially in that which still continues, the two contracting parties 644treaty of 178, p. propose, after the return of a general peace, to agree, either separately between themselves or jointly with other Powers alike interested, to concert with the great maritime Powers of Europe such arrangements and such permanent principles as may serve to consolidate the liberty and the safety of the neutral navigation and commerce in future wars. And if in the interval either of the contracting parties should be engaged in a war to which the other should remain neutral, the ships of war and privateers of the belligerent Power shall conduct themselves towards the merchant vessels of the neutral Power as favourably as the course of the war then existing may permit, observing the principles and rules of the law of nations generally acknowledged. ARTICLE XIIIL And in the same case of one of the contracting parties being engaged Regulations in in war with any other Power, to prevent all the difficulties and mis- case of contraband. understandings that usually arise respecting merchandize of contra- [See Article XII, band, such as arms, ammunition, and military stores of every kind, no treaty of 1828, p. such articles carried in the vessels, or by the subjects or citizens of 659.] either party, to the enemies of the other, shall be deemed contraband, so as to induce confiscation or condemnation and a loss of property to individuals. Nevertheloss, it shall be lawful to stop such vessels and articles, and to detain them for such length of time as the captors may think necessary to prevent the inconvenience or damage that might 652 PUBLIC TREATIES. ensue from their proceeding, paying, however, a reasonable compensation for the loss such arrest shall occasion to the proprietors; and it shall further be allowed to use in the service of the captors the whole or any part of the military stores so detained, paying the owners the full value of the same, to be ascertained by the current price at the place of its destination. But in the case supposed of a vessel stopped for articles of contraband, if the master of the vessel stopped will deliver out the goods supposed to be of contraband nature, he shall be admitted to do it, and the vessel shall not in that case be carried into any port, nor further detained, but shall be allowed to proceed on her voyage. Contraband arti- All cannons, mortars, fire-arms, pistols, bombs, grenades, bullets, eles. balls, muskets, flints, matches, powder, saltpetre, sulphur, cuirasses, pikes, swords, belts, cartouch boxes, saddles and bridles, beyond the quantity necessary for the use of the ship, or beyond that which every man serving on board the vessel, or passenger, ought to have; and in general whatever is comprized under the denomination of arms and military stores, of what description soever, shall be deemed objects of contraband. ARTICLE XIV. Ship's papers to To ensure to the vessels of the two contracting parties the advantage be carried. of being readily and certainly known in time of war, it is agreed that they shall be provided with the sea-letters and documents hereafter specified: 1. A passport, expressing the name, the property, and the burthen of the vessel, as also the name and dwelling of the master, which passport shall be made out in good and due form, shall be renewed as often as the vessel shall return into port, and shall be exhibited whensoever required, as well in the open sea as in port. But if the vessel be under convoy of one or more vessels of war, belonging to the neutral party, the simple declaration of the officer commanding the convoy, that the said vessel belongs to the party of which he is, shall be considered as establishing the tact, and shall relieve both parties from the trouble of further examination. 2. A charter-party, that is to say, the contract passed for the freight of the whole vessel, or the bills of lading given for the cargo in detail. 3. The list of the ship's company, containing an indication by name and in detail of the persons composing the crew of the vessel. These documents shall always be authenticated according to the forms established at the place from which the vessel shall have sailed. As their production ought to be exacted only when one of the contracting parties shall be at war, and as their exhibition ought to have no other object than to prove the neutrality of the vessel, its cargo, and company, they shall not be deemed absolutely necessary on board such vessels belonging to the neutral party as shall have sailed from its ports before or within three months after the Government shall have been informed of the state of war in which the belligerent party shall be engaged. In the interval, in default of these specific documents, the neutrality of the vessel may be established by sueh other evidence as the tribunals authorised to judge of the case may deem sufficient. ARTICLE XV. R e g n 1 ation of And to prevent entirely all disorder and violence in such cases, it is visits at sea. stipulated that, when the vessels of the neutral party, sailing without convoy, shall be met by any vessel of war, public or private, of the other party, such vessel of war shall not send more than two or three men in their boat on board the said neutral vessel to examine her passports and documents. And all persons belonging to any vessel of war, public or private, who shall molest or insult in any mananer whatever, the people, PRUSSIA, 1799. 653 vessels, or effects of the other party, shall be responsible in their persons and property for damages and interest, sufficient security for which shall be given by all commanders of private armed vessels before they are commissioned. ARTICLE XVI. In times of war, or in cases of urgent necessity, when either of the Embargo or decontracting parties shall be obliged to lay a general embargo, either in tention. all its ports, or in certain particular places, the vessels of the other party [See Article XVI, shall be subject to this measure, upon the same footing as those of the 65.aty of 1785, p most favoured nations, but without having the right to claim the exemption in their favour stipulated in the sixteenth article of the former treaty of 1785. But on the other hand, the proprietors of the vessels which shall have been detained, whether for some military expedition, or for what other use soever, shall obtain from the Government that shall have employed them an equitable indemnity, as well for the freight as for the loss occasioned by the delay. And furthermore, in all cases of -Distraint and seizure, detention, or arrest, for debts contracted or offences committed arrests. by any citizen or subject of the one party within the jurisdiction of the other, the same shall be made and prosecuted by order and authority of law only, and according to the regular course of proceedings usual in such cases. ARTICLE XVII. If any vessel or eflects of the neutral Power be taken by an enemy of Recaptured vesthe other, or by a pirate, and retaken by the Power at war, they shall sels A be restored to the first proprietor, upon the conditions hereafter stipu- XXI. e lated in the twenty-first article for cases of recapture. ARTICLE XVIII. If the citizens or subjects of either party, in danger from tempests, Vessels seeking pirates, enemies, or other accidents, shall take refuge, with their vessels refuge. or effects, within the harbours or jurisdiction of the other, they shall be received, protected, and treated with humanity and kindness, and shall be permitted to furnish themselves, at reasonable prices, with all refreshments, provisions, and other things necessary for their sustenance, health, and accom[m]odation, and for the repair of their vessels. ARTICLE XIX. The vessels of war, public and private, of both parties, shall carry Prizes. freely, wheresoever they please, the vessels and effects taken from their enemies, without being obliged to pay any duties, charges, or fees to officers of admiralty, of the customs, or any others; nor shall such [See Article XII, prizes be arrested, searched, or put under legal process, when they treaty of 18'28, p. come to and enter the ports of the other party, but- may freely be carried 659; also, "Great out again at any time by their captors to the places expressed in their Article XXV, p. commissions, which the commanding officer of such vessel shall be 280.] obliged to shew. But, conformably to the treaties existing between No as yl am in the United States and Great Britain, no vessel that shall have made United States to a prize upon British subjects shall have a right to shelter in the ports Great Britaken froin. of the -United States, but if forced therein by tempests, or any other danger or accident of the sea, they shall be obliged to depart as soon as possible. ARTICLE XX. No citizen or subject of either of the, contracting parties shall take L e t t e r s o f from any Power with which the other may be at war any commission or marque. letter of marque, for arming any vessel to act as a privateer against the other, on pain of being punished as a pirate; nor shall either party hire, lend, or give any part of its naval or military force to the enemy of the other, to aid them offensively or defensively against the other. 654 PUBLIC TREATIES. AR'TICLE XXI. R e g ulations in If the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war against' a case of war. common enemy, the following points shall be observed between them: 1. If a vessel of one of the parties, taken by the enemy, shall, before being carried into neutral or enemy's port, be retaken by a ship of war or privateer of the other, it shall, with the cargo, be restored to the first owners, for a compensation of one-eighth part of the value of the said vessel and cargo, if the recapture be made by a public ship of war, and one-sixth part if made by a privateer. 2. The restitution in such cases shall be after due proof of property, and surety given for the part to which the recaptors are entitled. 3. The vessels of war, public and private, of the two parties, shall reciprocally be admitted with their prizes into the respective ports of each, but the said prizes shall not be discharged or sold there, until their legality shall have been decided according to the laws and regulations of the State to which the captor belongs, but by thejudicatories of the place into which the prize shall have been conducted. 4. It shall be free to each party to make such regulations as they shall judge necessary, for the conduct of their respective vessels of war, public and private, relative to the vessels, which they shall take and carry into the ports of the two parties. AR'rICLE XXII. Convoys. When the contracting parties shall have a common enemy, or shall both be neutral, the vessels of war of each shall upon all occasions take under their protection the vessels of the other going the same course, and shall defend such vessels as long as they hold the same course, against all force and violence, in the same manner as they ought to proect and defend vessels belonging to the party of which they are. ARTICLE XXIII. Rights of resi- If war should arise between the two contracting parties, the merdents in case of chants of either country then residing in the other shall be allowed to Wvar. remain nine months to collect their debts and settle their affairs, and may depart freely, carrying off all their effects without molestation or hindrance; and all women and children, scholars of every faculty; cultivators of the earth, artisans, manufacturers, and fishermen, unarmed and inhabiting unfortified towns, villages, or places, and in general all others whose occupations are for the common subsistence and benefit of mankind, shall be allowed to continue their respective employments, and shall not be molested in their persons, nor shall their houses or goods be burnt or otherwise destroyed, nor their fields wasted by the armed force of the enemy, into whose power by the events of war they may happen to fall; but if anything is necessary to be taken from them for the use of such armed force, the same shall be paid for at a reasonable price. ARTICLE XXIV, T r e a t ment of And to prevent the destruction of prisoners of war, by sending them prisoners of war. into distant and inclement countries, or by crowding them into close [See Article XII, and noxious places, the two contracting parties solemnly pledge themtreaty of 1828, p. selves to the world and to each other that they will not adopt any such 659.] practice; that neither will send the prisoners whom they may take from the other into the East Indies or any other parts of Asia or Africa, but that they shall be placed in some parts of their dominions in Europe or America, in wholesome situations; that they shall not be confined in dungeons, prison-ships, nor prisons, nor be put into irons, nor bound, nor otherwise restrained in the use of their limbs; that the officers shall be enlarged on their paroles within convenient districts, and have corm PRUSSIA, 1799. 655 fortable quarters, and the common men be disposed in cantonments open and extensive enough for air and exercise, and lodged in barracks as roomly and good as are provided by the party in whose power they are for their own troops; that the officers shall also be daily furnished by the party in whose power they are with as many rations, and of the same articles and quality as are allowed by them, either in kind or by commutation, to officers of equal rank in their own army; and all others shall be daily furnished by them with such ration as they shall allow to a common soldier in their own service; the value whereof shall be paid by the other party on a mutual adjustment of accounts for the subsistence of prisoners at the close of the war; and the said accounts shall not be mingled with or set off against any others, nor the balances due on them be withheld as a satisfaction or reprizal for any other article or for any other cause, real or pretended, whatever. That each party shall be allowed to keep a commissary of prisoners of their own appointment, with every separate cantonment of prisoners in possession of the other, which commissary shall see the prisoners as often as he pleases, shall be allowed -to receive and distribute whatever comkorts may be sent to them by their friends, and shall be free to make his reports in open letters to those who employ him; but if any officer shall break his parole, or any other prisoner shall escape from the limits of his cantonment after they shall have been designated to him, such individual officer or other prisoner shall forfeit so much of the benefit of this article as provides for his enlargement on parole or cantonment. And it is Articles not to declared, that neither the pretence that war dissolves all treaties, nor be annulled. any other whatever, shall be considered as annulling or suspending this and the next preceding article; but, on the contrary, that the state of war is precisely that for which they are provided, and during which they are to be as sacredly observed as the most acknowledged articles in the law of nature and nations. ARTICLE XXV. The two contracting parties have granted to each other the liberty of Consular officers. having each in the ports of the other Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges-and powers as those of the most favoured nations; but if any such Consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted in the same place. ARTICLE XXVI. If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particu- Favours granted lar favour in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become corn- to other nations to mon to the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other become eommon nation, or on yielding the same compensation, when the grant is conditional. AiRTICLE XXVII. His Majesty the King of Prussia and the United States of America u r a t i o n o f agree that this treaty shall be in force during the term of ten years from treaty. the exchange of the ratifications; and if the expiration of that term should happen during the course of a war between them, then the articles before provided for the regulation of their conduct during such a war shall continue in force until the conclusion of the treaty which shall restore peace. This treaty sha ll be ratified on both sides, and the ratifications Ratifications exchanged within one year from the day of its signature, or sooner if possible. 656 PUBLIC TREATIES. Signatures, In testimony whereof; the Plenipotentiaries before mentioned have hereto subscribed their names and affixed their seals. Done at Berlin, Date. the eleventh of July, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. [L. S.] CHARLES WILLIAM COMTE DE FINKENSTEIN. [L. S.1 PHILIPPE CHARLES D'ALVENSLEVEN. [L. S.] CHRETIEN HENRI CURCE COMTE DE H]AUGWIZ. [L. s.J PRUSSIA, 1828. May 1,1828. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF PRUSSIA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MAY 1, 1828; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 4, 1828; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATION AGAIN ADVISED AND TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE MARCH 9, 1829; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 14, 1829; PROCLAIMED MARCH 14, 1829. Treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States of America and His Majesty the King of Prussia. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Prussia, ties. equally animated with the desire of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States, of extending, also, and consolidating the commercial intercourse between them, and convinced that this object cannot better be accomplished than by adopting the system of an entire freedom of navigation, and a perfect reciprocity, based upon principles of equity equally beneficial to both countries, and applicable in time of peace as well as in time of war, have, in consequence, agreed to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of navigation and commerce; for Negotiators. which purpose the President of the United States has conferred full powers on Henry Clay, their Secretary of State; and His Majesty the King of Prussia has conferred like powers on the Sieur Ludwig Niederstetter, Charg6 d'Affaires of His said Majesty near the United States: and the said Plenipotentiaries, having exchanged their said full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Reciprocal liber- There shall be between the territories of the high contracting parties tyof commerceand a reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation. The inhabitants of navigation. their respective States shall mutually have liberty to enter the ports, places, and rivers of the territories of each party, wherever foreign commerce is permitted. They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts whatsoever of said territories, in order to attend to their affairs; and they shall enjoy, to that effect, the same security and protection as natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances there prevailing. ARTICLE II. Vesse ls u p o n Prussian vessels arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the equal footing. United States of America, and, reciprocally, vessels of the United States arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the Kingdom of Prussia, shall be treated on their entrance, during their stayS and at their dle parture, uponl the same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, wvithrespect to the duties of tonnage, light-houses, pilotage, salvage, and port charges, as well as to the fees and perquisites of public PRUSSIA, 1828. 657 officers, and all other duties and charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever. ARTICLE III. All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce either the produce Equality of duof the soil or the industry of the United States of America, or of any ties on imports. other country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the Kingdom of Prussia, in Prussian vessels, may also be so imported in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in Prussian vessels. And, reciprocally, all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the produce of the soil or of the industry of the Kingdom of Prussia, or of any other country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the United States in vessels of the said States, may also be so imported in Prussian vessels, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or *denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in vessels of the United States of America. ARTICLE IV. To prevent the possibility of any misunderstanding, it is hereby declared Application of tha.t the stipulations contained in the two preceding articles are to their stipulations. full extent applicable to Prussian vessels and their cargoes arriving in [See Articles III the ports of the United States of America, and, reciprocally, to vessels and IV.] of the said States and their cargoes, arriving in the ports of the Kingdom of Prussia, whether the said vessels clear directly from the ports of the country to which they respectively belong, or from the ports of any other foreign country. ARTICLE V. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into Equality of duthe United States of any article the produce or manufacture of Prussia, ties on products of and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into either country. the Kingdom of Prussia of any article the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like article being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the importation or exportation of any article the produce or manufacture of the United States, or of Prussia, to or from the ports of the United States, or to or from the ports of Prussia, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VI. All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the produce' Equality in etof the soil or of the industry of the United States of America, or of any portations. other country, which may be lawfully exported front the ports of the said United States in national vessels, may also be exported therefrom in Prussian vessels without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been exported in vessels of the United States of America. An exact reciprocity shall be observed in the ports of the Kingdom of Prussia, so that all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, R S IV -!12 658 PUBLIC TREATIES. either the produce of the soil or the industry of the said Kingdom, or of any other country, which may be lawfully exported from Prussian ports in national vessels, may also be exported therefrom in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been exported in Prussian vessels. ARTICLE VII. Coasting trade. The preceding articles are not applicable to the coastwise navigation of the two countries, which is respectively reserved by each of the high contracting parties exclusively to itself. ARTICLE VIII. No preference of NO priority or preference shall be given, directly or indirectly, by importations. either of the contracting parties, nor by any company, corporation, or agent, acting on their behalf or under their authority, in the purchase of any article of commerce, lawfully imported, on account of or in reference to the character of the vessel, whether it be of the one party or of the other, in which such article was imported; it being the true intent and meaning of the contracting parties that no distinction or difference whatever shall be made in this respect. ARTICLE IX. Favors granted If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particular to other nations to favor in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become common lb(come common. to the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other nation, or on yielding the same compensation, when the grant is conditional. ARTICLE X. Consularofficers. The two contracting parties have granted to each other the liberty of having, each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favored nations. But if any such Consul shall exercise commerce, they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted, in the same place. Settlein e t o f The Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents shall have the disputes between right, as such, to sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may masters and crews. arise between the captains and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crews or of the captain should.disturb the order or tranquillity of the country, or the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents should require their assistance to cause their decisions to be carried into effect or supported. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or abitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their country. ARTICLE XI. Deserters from The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents are authorvessels. ised to require the assistance of the local authorities, for the search, arrest, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crew, or by other official documents, that suclh PRUSSIA, 1828. 659 individuals formed part of the crews; and, on this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, ViceConsuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public. prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be sent to the vessels to which they belonged, or to others of the samre country. But if not sent back within three months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. However, if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be depending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XII. The twelfth article of the treaty of amity and commerce, concluded Stipulations in between the parties in 1785, and the articles from the thirteenth to the former treaties retwenty-fourth, inclusive, of that which was concluded at Berlin in 1799, vived. with the exception of the last paragraph in the nineteenth article, relat- te[See Article XII, ing to treaties with Great Britain, are hereby revived with the same 644; Also Articles force and virtue as if they made part of the context of the present XlII to XXIV, treaty, it being, however, understood that the stipulations contained in treaty of 1799, pp. the articles thus revived shall be always considered as in no manner 651-654.] affecting the treaties or conventions concluded by either party with other Powers, during the interval between the expiration of the said treaty of 1799, and the commencement of the operation of the present treaty. The parties being still desirous, in conformity with their intention Subject of future declared in the twelfth article of the said treaty of 1799, to establish treaty. between themselves, or in concert with other maritime Powers, further provisions to ensure just protection and freedom to neutral navigation and commerce, and which may, at the same time, advance the cause of civilization and humanity, engage again to treat on this subject at some future and convenient period. ARTICLE XIII. Considering the remoteness of the respective countries of the two -Blockaded ports, high contracting parties, and the uncertainty resulting therefrom, with respect to the various events which may take place, it is agreed that a merchant vessel belonging to either of them, which may be bound to a port supposed at the time of its departure to be blockaded, shall note however, be captured or. condemned for having attempted a first time to enter said port, unless it can be proved that said vessel could and ought to have learnt, during its voyage, that the blockade of the place in question still continued. But all vessels which, after having been warned off once shall, during the same voyage, attempt a second time to enter the same blockaded port, during the continuance of the said blockade, shall then subject themselves to be detailed and condemned. AR'TICLE XIV. The citizens or subjects of each party shall have power to dispose of Disposal and intheir personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by testament, heritance of per; donation, or otherwise; and their representatives, being citizens or sub- sonalproperty. jects of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. Andl in case of the absence of the representative, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taklen of the goods of a native, in 660 PUBLIC TREATIES. like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if question should arise among several claimants to which of them said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by the laws and Heirs to real judges of the land wherein the said goods are. And where, on the death of any person holding real estate within the territories of the one party, such real estate would, by the laws of the land, descend on a. citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, such citizen or subject shall be,allowed a reasonable time to sell the same, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation and exempt from all duties of detraction, on the part of the Government of the respective States. But this article shall not derogate in any manner from the force of the laws already published, or hereafter to be published, by His Majesty the King of Prussia, to prevent the emigration of his subjects. ARTICLE XV. Duration of The present treaty shall continue in force for twelve years, counting treaty. from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if twelve months before the expiration of that period, neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification to the other, its intention to arrest the operation of said treaty, it shall remain binding for one year beyond that time, and so on until the expiration of the twelve months, which will follow a similar notification, whatever the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE XVI. Ratifications. This treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of Prussia, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of WVashington, within nine months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles both in the French and English languages, and they have thereto affixed their seals; declaring, nevertheless, that the signing in both languages shall not be brought into precedent, nor in any way operate to the prejudice of either party. Date. Done in triplicate at the city of Washington on the first day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twentyeight, and the fifty-second of the Independence of the United States of America. H. CLAY. IL. S.] LUDWIG NIEDERSTETTE1R. -[L. S.] PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES, 1852. June 16, 1852. EXTRADITION CONVENTION WITH PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JUNE 16, 1852; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 15, 1853-; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 27, 1853; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MAY 30, 1853; PROCLAIMED JUNE 1, 1853. Convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from justice, in certain cases, concluded between the United States, on the one part, and Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation, on the other part. Preamble. Whereas it is found expedient, for the better administration of justice and the prevention of crime within the territories and jurisdiction of the parties respectively, that persons committing certain heinous crimes, PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES, 1852. 661 being fugitives from justice, should, under certain circumstances, be reciprocally delivered up, and also to enumerate such crimes explicitly; and whereas the laws and constitution of Prussia, and of the other German States, parties to this convention, forbid them to surrender their own citizens to a foreign jurisdiction, the Government of the United States, with a view of making the convention strictly reciprocal, shall be held equally free from any obligation to surrender citizens of the Unitedl States: Therefore, on the one part, the United States, of Contractig parAmerica, and,' on the other part, His Majesty the King of Prussia, ties. in his own name, as well as in the name of His Majesty the King of Saxony, His Royal Highness the Elector of Hesse, His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Hesse and on Rhine, His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, His Highness the Duke of SaxeMeiningen, His Highness the Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, His Highness the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, His Highness the Duke of Brunswick, His Highness the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau, His Highness the Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg, His Highness the Duke of Nassau, His Serene High. ness the Prince Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, His Serene Highness the Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausenu Her Serene Highness the Princess and Regent of Waldeck, His Serene Highness the Prince of Reuss, elder branch, His Serene Highness the Prince of Reuss, junior branch, His Serene Highness the Prince of Lippe, His Serene Highness the Landgrave of Hesse-Homnburg, as well as the free city of Franefort, having resolved to treat on this subject, have for that purpose appointed their respective Plenipotentiaries to negotiate and conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Daniel Webster, Negotiators. Secretary of State, and His Majesty the King of Prussia in his own name, as well as in the name of the other German Sovereigns above enumerated, and the free city of Francfort, Frederic Charles Joseph von Gerolt, his said Majesty's Minister Resident near the Government of the United States; Who, after reciprocal communication of their respective powers, have agreed to and signed' the following articles: ARTICLE I. It is agreed that the United States and Prussia, and the other States Extradition of of the Germanic Confederation included in or which may hereafter criminals. accede to this convention, shall, upon mutual requisitions by them or their ministers, officers, or authorities, respectively made, deliver up to justice all persons who, being charged with the crime of murder, or assault Crimes for which with intent to commit murder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, surrender shall be or the utterance of forged papers, or the fabrication or circulation of made. counterfeit money, whether coin or paper money, or the embezzlement of public moneys committed within the jurisdiction of either party, shall seek an asylum, or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That this shall only be done upon such evidence3 of criminality Evidence of crimas, according to the laws of the place where the fugitive or person so inality. charged shall be found, would justify his apprehension and commitment for trial, if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the Proceedings. respective judges and other magistrates of the two Governments shall have power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint made under oath, to issue a warrant for the apprehension of the fugitive or person so charged, that he may be brought before such judges or other magistrates respectively, to the end that the evidence of criminality may. be heard and considered; and if, on such hearing, the evidence be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be the duty of the examining judge or magistrate to certify the same to the proper executive authority, that a warrant mav issue foibr the surrender of such fugitive. The ex- Expenses. pense of such apprehension andl delivery shall be borne and defrayecd by the lparty who makes the requisition alnd receives the fugitive. 662 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE II. A ccessi on by The stipulations of this convention shall be applied to any other State ot he r G e r m an of the Germanic Confederation which nmay hereafter declare its accession States. thereto. ARTICLE III. Neither party to None of the contracting parties shall be bound to deliver up its own surrender its ow. citizens or subjects under the stipulations of this convention. citizens. ARTICLE IV. Retention of Whenever any person accused of any of the crimes enumerated in this accused person to convention shall have committed a new crime in the territories of the ffnswer for locl State where he has sought an asylum, or shall be found, such person shall not be delivered up under the stipulations of this convention until he shall have been tried, and shall have received the punishment due to such new crime, or shall have been acquitted thereof. ARTICLE V. Duration of con- The present convention shall continue in force until the 1st of Jan vention. uary, 1858, and if neither party shall have given to the other six months previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention; each of the high contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at any time after the expiration of the said first day of January, 1858. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by See Additional the Government of Prussia, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at [ASeSe ddton Washington within six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this convention, and have hereunto affixed our seals. Date. Done in triplicate at Washington, the sixteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, and the seventy-sixth year of the Independence of the United States. DAN'L WEBSTER. [L. S.] FR. v. GEROLT. [L. S.] PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES, 1852. Nov. 16, 1852. ADDITIONAL ARTICLE TO THE EXTRADITION CONVENTION OF JUNE 16, 1852, WITH PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON NOVEMBER 16, 1852; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY THE SENATE MARCH 15, 1853; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 27, 1853; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MAY 30, 1853; PROCLAIMED JUNE 1, 1853. Additional Article to the Convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives jroom justice, in certain cases, concluded between the United States, on the one part, anc Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation, on; the other part, at Washington, the 16th cl day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-tuwo. Preamb le, Whereas it may not be practicable for the ratifications of the convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from justice, in cer PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES, 1852. 663 tain cases, between the United States and Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation, signed at Washington on the 16th day of June, 1852, to be exchanged within the time stipulated in said convention; and whereas both parties are desirous that it should be carried into full and complete effect: The President of the United States of Negotiators. America has fully empowered on his part Edward Everett, Secretary of State of the United States, and His Majesty the King of Prussia, in his own name, as well as in the name of the other Germanl sovereigns enumerated in the aforesaid convention, has likewise fully empowered Frederick Charles Joseph von Gerolt, his said Majesty's Minister Resident near the Government of the United States; who have agreed to and signed the following article: The ratifications of the convention for the mutual delivery of.crim- Time for ratificainals, fugitives from justice, in certain cases, concluded on the 16th of tion of convention June, 1852, shall be exchanged at Washington within one year from the of June 16, 1852, date of this agreement, or sooner should it be possible. Tile present additional article shall have the same force and effect as Effect of addition if it had been inserted, word for word, in the aforesaid convention of the article. 16th of June, 1852, and shall be approved and ratified in the manner Ratifications. therein prescribed. In faith whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this Signatures. agreement, and have hereunto affixed our seals. Done at Washington this sixteenth day of November, one thousand Date. eight hundred and fifty-two, and the seventy-seventh year of the Independence of the United States. EDWARD EVERETT. [L. s.] FR. v. GEROLT. [L. S.] [Declarations of accession of the Governments of Bremen, Mecklenburg-Schwerin; Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Oldenburg, and Schaumburg-Lippe, and statement relative to that of Wiirttemnberg to the convention of June 16, 1852, with Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation, and to the additional article thereto of November 16, 1852, with the date of such accession, and that of the proclamation of the fact by the President, will be found under the names of the respective States in their alphabetical order.] 3664 PUBLIC TREATIES, RUSSIA. RUSSIA, 1824. April 5-17, 1824. CONVENTION BETWEIN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, RELATIVE TO NAVIGATION, FISHING, &c., IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN, CONCLUDED AT ST. PETERSBURG APRIL 5-17, 1824; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 5, 1825; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JANUARY 7, 1825; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JANUARY 11, 1825; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 12, 1825. Convention between the United States of America and Russia.* In the name of the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. Contracting par The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the ties. Emperor of all the lRussias, wishing to cement the bonds of amity which unite them, and to secure between them the invariable maintenance of a perfect concord, by means of the present convention, have named as their Plenipotentiaries to this effect, to wit:Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, Henry Middleton, a citizen of said States, and their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary near His Imperial Majesty; and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, his beloved and faithful Charles Robert Count of Nesselrode, actual Privy Counsellor, Member of the Council of State, Secretary of State directing the administration of Foreign Affairs, actual Chamberlain, Knight of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Wladimir of the first class, Knight of that of the White Eagle of Poland, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen of Hungary, Knighllt of the Orders of the Holy Ghost and of St. Michael, and Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor of France, Knight Grand Cross of the Orders of the Black and of the Red Eagle of Prussia, of the Annunciation of Sardinia, of Charles III of Spain, of St. Ferdinand and of Merit of Naples, of the Elephant of Denmark, of the Polar Star of Sweden, of the Crown of Wifrtemberg, of the Guelphs of Hanover, of the Belgic Lion, of Fidelity of Baden, and of St. Constantine of Parma; and Pierre de Poletica, actual Counsellor of State, Knight of the Order of St. Anne of the first class, and Grand Cross of the Order of St. Wladimir of the second; Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and signed the following stipulations: ARTICLE I. Navigation nud It is agreed that, in any part of the Great Ocean, commonly called fisheries of the Pa- the Pacific Ocean, or South Sea, the respective citizens or subjects of cific. the high contracting Powers shall be neither disturbed nor restrained, either in navigation or in fishing, or in the power of resorting to the coasts, upon points which may not already have been occupied, for the purpose of trading with the natives, saving always the restrictions and conditions determined by the following articles. ARTICLE II. Illicit trade. With a view of preventing the rights of navigation and of fishing'exercised upon the Great Ocean by the citizens and subjects of the high contracting Powers from becoming the pretext for an illicit trade, * Translation from the original, which is in the French language. RUSSIA, 1824. 665 it is agreed that the citizens of the United States shall not resort to any point where there is a Russian establishment, without the permission of the governor or commander; and that, reciprocally, the subjects of Russia shall not resort, without permission, to any establishment of the United States upon the Northwest coast. ARTICLE III. It is moreover agreed that, hereafter, there shall not be formed by Establishmnents the citizens of the United States, or under the authority of the said on thp northwest States, any establishment upon the Northwest coast of America, nor in coast of America. any of the islands adjacent, to the north of fifty-four degrees and forty f[See convention minutes of north latitude; and that, in the same manner, there shall be 1673.] none formed by Russian subjects, or under the authority of Russia, south of the same parallel. ARTICLE IV. It is, nevertheless, understood that during a term of ten years, Navigation of counting from the signature of the present convention, the ships of both Interior seas. Powers, or which belong to their citizens or subjects respectively, may reciprocally frequent, without any hindrance whatever, the interior seas, gulfs, harbors, and creeks, upQn the coast mentioned in the preceding article, for the purpose of fishing and trading with the natives of the country. ARTICLE V. All spirituous liquors, fire-arms, other arms, powder, and munitions Articles excepted of war of every kind, are always excepted from this same commerce from t his con - permitted by the preceding article; and the two Powers engage, recip- nerce. rocally, neither to sell, nor suffer them to be sold, to the natives by their respective citizens and subjects, nor by any person who may be under their authority. It is likewise stipulated that this restriction shall never afford a pretext, nor be advanced, in any case, to authorize either search or detention of the vessels, seizure of the merchandize, or, in fine, any measures of constraint whatever towards the merchants or the crews who may carry on this commerce; the high contracting Powers reciprocally reserving to themselves to determine upon the penalties to be incurred, and to inflict the punishments in case of the contravention of this article by their respective citizens or subjects. ARTICLE VI. When this convention shall have been duly ratified by the President Ratifications. of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate, on the one part, and, on the other, by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Rnssias, the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington in the space of ten months from the date below, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Signatures. convention, and thereto affixed the seals of their arms. Done at St. Petersburg the 17-5 April, of the year of Grace one thou- Date. sand eight hundred and twenty-foui'. HENRY MIDDLETON. [L. S.] Le Comte CHARLES DE NESSELRODE. IL. S.] PIERIRE DE POLETICA. [L. S.] 666 PUBLIC TREATIES. RIUSSIA, 1832. Dec. 6-18,1832. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION, AND SEPARATE ARTICLES, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, CONCLUDED AT ST. PETERSBURG DECEMBER 6-18, 1832; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 27, 1833; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 8, 1833; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MAY 11, 1833; PROCLAIMED MAY 11, 1833. Treaty with Russia. In the name of the most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. Contracting par- The United States of America and Hiis MIajesty the Emperor of all ties. the Russias, equally animated with the desire of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States, and of extending and consolidating the commercial intercourse between them, have agreed to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of navigation and commerce; for which purpose the President of the United States has conferred full Negotiators. powers on James Buchanan, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary near His Imperial Majesty; and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias has conferred like powers on the Sieur Charles Robert Count de Nesselrode, his Vice Chancellor, Knight of the Orders of Russia, and of many others, &c.; And the said Plenipotentiaries, having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Freedom of There shall be between the territories of the high contracting parties commerce and a reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation. The inhabitants of navigation. their respective States shall mutually have liberty to enter the ports, places, and rivers of the territories of each party wherever foreign commerce is permitted. They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts whatsoever of said territories, in order to attend to their affairs; and they shall enjoy, to that effect, the same security and protection as natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances there prevailing, and particularly to the regulations in force concerning commerce. ARTICLE II. V e s sels upon aRussian vessels arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the equal footing. United States of America, and reciprocally vessels of the United States arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the Empire of Russia, shall be treated, on their entrance, during their stay, and at their departure, upon the same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonnage. In regard to lighthouse duties, pilotage, and port charges, as well as to the fees and perquisites of public officers, and all other duties and charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied upon vessels of commerce, in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishmentswhatsoever, the high contracting parties shall reciprocally treat each other upon the footing of the most favored nations with whom they have not treaties now actually in force, regulating the said duties and charges on the basis of an entire reciprocity. ARTICLE III. E q l a 1 i ty of All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, which may be duties on imports. lawfully imported into the ports of the Empire of Russia in Russian vessels, may also be so imported in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever RUSSIA, 1832. 667 kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been imported in Russian vessels. And, reciprocally, all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the'United States of America in vessels of the said States, may also be so imported in Russian vessels, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been imported in vessels of the United States of America. ARTICLE IV. It is understood that the stipulations contained in the two preceding Applicability of articles are to their full extent applicable to Russian vessels and their stipulations. cargoes arriving in the ports of the United States of America, and reciprocally to vessels of the said States and their cargoes arriving in the ports of the Empire of Russia, whether the said vessels clear directly from the ports of the country to which they respectively belong or from the ports of any other foreign country. ARTICLE V. All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, which may be law- Equality in exfully exported from the ports of the United States of America in national portations. vessels, may also be exported therefrom in Russian vessels without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been exported in vessels of the United States of America. And, reciprocally, all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, which may be lawfully exported from the ports of the Empire of Russia in national vessels, may also be exported therefrom in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been exported in Russian vessels. ARTICLE V1. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into E q uai ty of the United States of any article the produce or manufacture of Russia, duties on produce and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into of either country. the Empire of Russia of any article the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like article being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country. Nor shall any Equality of proprohibition be imposed on the importation or exportation of any article hibitions. the produce or manufacture of the United States or of Russia, to or from the ports of the United States, or to or from the ports of the Russian Empire, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VII. It is expressly understood that the preceding articles II, II, IV, V, Coasting trade. and VI, shall not be applicable to the coastwise navigation of either of the two countries, which each of the high contracting parties reserves exclusively to itself. 668 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE V1II. Consular officers. The two contracting parties shall have the liberty of having in their respective ports Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries, of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favored nations; but if any such Consul shall exercise commerce they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted, in the same place. Settlement of The Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents shall have the disputes between right, as such, to sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may masters and crews. arise between the captains and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crews or of the captain should disturb the order or the tranquillity of the country, or the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents should require their assistance to cause their decisions to be carried into effect or supported. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their country. ARTICLE IX. Deserters from The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents are authorvessels. ized to require the assistance of the local authorities, for the search, arrest, detention and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belong, or sent back to their own country by a vessel of the same nation or any other vessel whatsoever. But if not sent back within four months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the sanme cause. However, if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be depending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE X. Disposal and in- The citizens and subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall heritance of per- have power to dispose of their personalgoods within the jurisdiction of sonual property. the other, by testament, donation, or otherwise, and their representatives, being citizens or subjects of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves, or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at will, paying to the profit of the respective Governments such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of the representatives, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taken of the goods of a native of the same country in like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if a question should arise among several claimants as to which of them said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by RUSSIA, 1832. 669 the laws and judges of the land wherein the said goods are. And where, Heirs to real on the death of any person holding real estate, within the territories of estate. one of the high contracting parties, such real estate would by the laws of the land descend on a citizen or subject of the other party, who by reason of alienage may be incapable of holding it, he shall be allowed the time fixed by the laws of the country; and in case the laws of the country actually in force may not have fixed any such time, he shall then be allowed a reasonable time to sell such real estate, and to withdraw and export the proceeds without molestation, and without paying to the profit of the respective Governments any other dues than those to which the inhabitants of the country wherein said real estate is sitnated shall be subject to pay in like cases. But this article shall not derogate in any manner from the force of the laws already published, or which may hereafter be published, by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, to prevent the emigration of his subjects. AITICLE XI. If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particu- Favors granted lar favor in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become com- to other nations to mon to the other party, freely, where it is fr'eely granted to such other become common. nation, or on yielding the same compensation, when the grant is conditional. ARTICLE XII. The present treaty, of which the effect shall extend in like manner D u r a ti o n of to the Kingdom of Poland, so far as the same may be applicable thereto, treaty; extension shall continue in force until the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine, and if, one year before that day, one of the high contracting parties shall not have announced to the other, by an official notification, its intention to arrest the operation thereof, this treaty shall remain obligatory one year beyond that day, and so on until the expiration of the year which shall commence after the date of a similar notification. ARTICLE XIII. The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of Ratifications. the United States.of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said States, and by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington within the space of one year, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. present treaty in duplicate, and affixed thereto the seal of their arms. Done at St. Petersburg the itth December, in the year of Grace one Date. thousand eight hundred and thirty-two. JAMES BUCHANAN. [L. S.] CHARtLES COMTE 1)E NESSELRODE. [L. s.j SEPARATE ARTICLE. Dec. 6-18, 1832. Certain relations of proximity and anterior engagements having ren- Special stipula,dered it necessary for the Imperial Government to regulate the coininer- tions. cial relations of Russia, with Prussia and the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway by special stipulatiofis, now actually in force, and which may be renewed hereafter; which stipulations are in no manner connected with the existing regulations for foreign commerce in general: The two high contracting parties, wishing to remove from their commercial relations every kind of ambiguity or subject of cdiscussion, have agreed that tuhe special stipulations grantecd to the- commerce of Prussia, and of Sweden and Norway, in consideration of equivalent advantages granted 670 PUBLIC TREATIES. in these countries, by the one to the commerce of the Kingdom of Poland, and by the other to that of the Grand Dutchy of Finland, shall not, in any case, be invoked in favor of the relations of commerce and navigation sanctioned between the two high contracting parties by the present treaty. Effect of article. The present separate article shall have the same force and value as if it were inserted, word for word, in the treaty signed this day, and shall be ratified at the same time. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the undersigned, by virtue of our respective full powers, have signed the present separate article, and affixed thereto the seals of our arms. Date. Done at St. Petersburg the eighteenth of December, in the year of Grace one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two. JAMES BUCHANAN. [L. S.] CHARLES COMTE DE NESSELRODE. LL. S.] R;USSIA, 1854. July 22,1854. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, RELATIVE TO THE RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS AT SEA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JULY 22, 1854; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 25, 1854; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUGUST 12, 1854; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON OCTOBER 31, 1854; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 1, 1854. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty tie Emperor of all ties. the Russias, equally animated with a desire to maintain, and to preserve from all harm, the relations of good understanding which have at all times so happily subsisted between themselves, as also between the inhabitants of their respective States, have mutually agreed to perpetuate, by means of a formal convention, the principles of the right of neutrals at sea, which they recognize as indispensable conditions of all Negotiators. freedom of navigation and maritime trade. For this purpose the President of the United Stateshas conferred full powers on William L. Marcy, Secretary of State of the United States; and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias has conferred like powers on Mr. Edward de Stoeckl, Counsellor of State,Kuight of the Orders of Ste. Anne of the 2d class, of St. Stanislas of the 4th class, and of the Iron Crown of Austria of the 3d class, His Majesty's Charge d'Affaires near the Government of the United States of America; And said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form. have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTlICLE I. Principles recog- The two. igh contracting parties recognize as permanent and immutnized. able the following principles, to wit: Rights of nel,- 1st. That free ships makle free goods; that is to saty, that the effects trals at sea. or go'ods belonging to subjects or citizens of a Power or State at war are free from capture and confiscation when found on board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war. Riaghtsof neutral 2d. That the property of neutrals on board an enemy's vessel is not property on ene- subject to confiscation, unless the- salne be contraband of war. They ly's vessel, engage to apply these principles to the commerce and navigation of all such Powers and States as shall consent to adopt them on their part as permanent and immutable. ARTICLE II. Ulterior under- The two high contracting parties reserve themselves to come to an stanlding rcserved, ulterior undlerstanding as circulmstances may require, with regard to the -application and extension to be given, if there be any cause for it, to tile RUSSIA, 1854. 671 principles laid down in the 1st article. But they declare from this time that they will take the stipulations contained in saidarticle 1st as a rule, whenever it shall become a question to judge of the rights of neutrality. ARTICLE III. It is agreed by the high contracting parties that all nations which Accession toprinshall or may consent to accede to the rules-of the first article of this con- ciples by other navention, by a formal declaration stipulating to observe them, shall enjoy tion the rights resulting from such accession as they shall be enjoyed and observed by the two Powers signing this convention. They shall mutually communicate to each other the results of the steps which may be taken on the subject. ARTICLE IV. The present convention shall be approved and ratified by the Presi- Ratifications. dent of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of said States, and by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the ratifications of the same shall be exchanged at Washington, within the period of ten months, counting from this day, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. present convention in duplicate, and thereto affixed the seal of their arms. Done at Washington the twenty-second day of July, the year of Date. Grace, 1854. W. L. MARCY. [L. S.] EDOUARD STOECKL. [L. S.] RUSSIA, 1867. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS March 30, 1867. MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, FOR THE CESSION OF THE RUSSIAN POSSESSIONS IN NORTH AMERICA TO THE UNITED STATES, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 30, 1867; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 9. 1867; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 28, 1867; RATIFICATIONS EXCtIANGED AT WASHINGTON JUNE 20, 1867; PROCLAIMED JUNE 20, 1867. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of all Contracting parthe Russias, being desirous of strengthening, if possible, the good ties. understanding which exists'between them, have, for that purpose, appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, the President of the United States, Negotiators. William H. Seward, Secretary of State; and /His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, the Privy Counsellor Edward de Stoeckl, his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States; And the said Plenipotentiaries, having exchanged their full powers, which were found to be in due form, have agreed upon and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. His Majesty the Emperor of all the lRussias agrees to cede to the Cession of terriUnited States, by this convention, immediately upon the exchange of tory and dominion. the ratifications thereof, all the territory and dominion now possessed by his said Majesty on the continent of America and in the adjacent islands, the same being contained within- the geographical limits herein set forth, to wit: The eastern limit is the line of demarcation between Boundar;ri cs o f the Russian and the British possessions in North America, as estab- ceded territory. lished by the convention between Russia and Great Britain, of February 28-16, 1825, and described in Articles III and IV of said convention, in the following terms: " Commencing from thie southernmost point of the island called Prince 672 PUBLIC TREATIES. of Wales Island, which point lies in the parallel of 54 degrees 40 nminutes north latitude, and between the 131st and 133d degree of west longitude, (meridian of Greenwich,) the said line shall ascend to the north along the channel called Portland Channel, as far as the point of the continent where it strikes the 56th degree of north latitude; from this last-mentioned point, the line of demarcation shall follow the summit of the mountains situated parallel to the coast, as far as the point of intersection of the 141st degree of west longitude, (of the same meridian;) and finally,, from the said point of intersection, the said meridian line of the 141st degree, in its prolongation as far as the Frozen Ocean. "' IV. With reference to the line of demarcation laid down in the preceding article, it is understood"1st. That the island called Prince of Wales Island shall belong wholly to Russia," (now, by this cession to the United States.) "' 2d. That whenever the summit of the mountains which extend in a direction parallel to the coast from the 56th degree of north latitude to the point of intersection of the 141st degree of west longitude shall prove to be at the distance of more than ten marine leagues froml the ocean, the limit between the British possessions and the line of coast which is to belong to Russia as above mentioned, (that is to say, the limit to the possessions ceded by this convention,) shall be formed by a line parallel to the winding of the coast, and which shall never exceed the distance of ten marine leagues therefrom." The western limit within which the territories and dominion conveyed are contained passes through a point in Behring's Straits on the parallel of sixty-five degrees thirty minutes north latitude, at its intersection by the meridian which passes midway between the islands of Krusenstern or Ignalook, and the island of Ratmanoff, or Noonarbook, and proceeds due north without limitation, into the same Frozen Ocean. The same western limit, beginning at the same initial point, proceeds thence in a course nearly southwest, through Behring's Straits and Behring's Sea, so as to pass midway between the northwest point of the island of St. Lawrence and the southeast point of Cape Choukotski, to the meridian of one hundred and seventy-two west longitude; thence, from the intersection of that meridian, in a southwesterly direction, so as to pass midway between the island of Attou and the Copper Island of the Kormandorski couplet or group, in the North Pacific Ocean, to the meridian of one hundred and ninety-three degrees west longitude, so as to include in the territory conveyed the whole of the Aleutian Islands east of that meridian. ARTICLE II Pro p) er ty in- In the cession of territory and dominion made by the preceding article cluided in cession. are included the right of property in all public lots and squares, vacant lands, and all public buildings, fortifications, barracks, and other edifices which are not private individual property. It is, however, understood and agreed, that the churches which have been built in the ceded territory by the Russian Government, shall remain the property of such members of the Greekl Oriental Church resident in the territory as may choose to worship therein. Any Government archives, papers, and documents relative to the territory and dominion aforesaid, which may now be existing there, will be left in the possession of the agent of the United States; but an authenticated copy of such of them as may be required, will be, at all times, given by the United Sbates to the Russian. Governinent, or to such Russian officers or subjects as they may apply for. ARTICLE IIM. Rights of inhab- Thle inhabitants of the ceded territory, according to their choice, itants ill cdede ter- reserving their natural allegiance, may return to Russia within three ritory. years; but if they should prefer to remain in the ceded territory, they, RUSSIA, 1867. 673 with the exception of uncivilized native tribes, shall be admitted to the Admission to enjoyment of all the rights, advantages, and immunities of citizens of the citizenship. United States, and shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty, property, and religion. The uncivilized tribes Uncivilized tribes. will be subject to such laws and regulations as the United States may from time to time adopt in regard to aboriginal tribes of that country. ARTICLE IV. His Majesty, the Emperor of all the Russias shall appoint, with con- Delivery of ceded venient despatch, an agent or agents for the purpose of formally de- property. livering to a similar agent or agents, appointed on behalf of the United States, the territory, dominion, property, dependencies, and appurtenances which are ceded as above, and ftr doing any other act which may be necessary in regard thereto. But the cession, with the right of immediate possession, is nevertheless to be deemed complete and absolute on the exchange of ratifications, without waiting for such formal delivery. ARTICLE V. Immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of this conven- Delivery of milition, any fortifications or military posts which may be in the ceded tar posts. territory shall be delivered to the agent of the United States, and any Russian troops to Russian troops which may be in the territory shall be withdrawn as be withdrawn. soon as may be reasonably and conveniently practicable. ARtTICLE VI. In consideration of the cession aforesaid, the United States agree to Sum to be paid pay at the Treasury in Washington, within ten months after the ex- by United States. change of the ratifications of this convention, to the diplomatic representative or other agent of His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, duly authorized to receive the same, seven million two hundred thousand dollars in gold. The cession of territory and dominion herein made Ceded territory is hereby declared to be free and unincumbered by any reservations, unincumbered. privileges, franchises, grants, or possessions, by any associated companies, whether corporate or incorporate, Russian or any other, or by any parties, except merely private individual property-holders; and the Conveyance abcession hereby made conveys all the rights, franchises, and privileges solute. now belonging to Russia in the said territory or dominion, and appurtenances thereto. ARTICLE VII. When this convention shall have been duly ratified by the President Ratifications. of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, on the one part, and, on the other, by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within three months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Signatures. convention, and thereto affixed the seals of their arms. Done at Washington the thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Date. Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven. WILLIAM H[. SEWARD. [L. s] EDOUARD DE STOECKL. [L. S.] S v —-— 13 674 PUBLIC TREATIES. RUSSIA, 1868. January27, 1868. ARTICLE RESPECTING TRADE-MARKS, ADDITIONAL TO THE TREATY OF NAVIGATION AND COMMERCE OF DECEMBER 6-18, 1832, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON JANUARY 27, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 25, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUGUST 14, 1868; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT ST. PETERSBURG SEPTEMBER 21, 1868; PROCLAIMED OCTOBER 15, 1868. Preamble. The United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, deeming it advisable that there should be an additional article to the treaty of commerce between them of the - December, 1832, have for this purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, the President Negotiators. of the United States, William H. Seward, Secretary of State, and His Majesty the Emperor of all the REussias, the Privy Councillor, Edward de Stoeckl, accredited as his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States; And the said Plenipotentiaries, after an examination of their respective full powers, which were found to be in good and due form, have agreed to and signed the following ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. Pr o t e c tion of The high contracting parties, desiring to secure complete and efficient tradce-marks. protection to the manufacturing industry of their respective citizens and subjects, agree that any counterfeiting ill one of the two countries of the trade-marks affixed in the other on merchandize, to show its origin and quality, shall be strictly prohibited and repressed, and shall give ground for an action of damages in favor of the injured party, to be prosecuted in the courts of the country in which the counterfeit shall be proven. Trade-m ark s, The trade-marks in which the citizens or sulbjects of one of the two where to be de- countries may wish to secure the right of property in the other, must be posited. lodged exclusively, to wit, the marks of citizens of the United States in the Department of Manufactures and Inland Commerce at St. Petersburg, and the marks of Russian subjects at the Patent-Office in Washington. Termination o f This additional article shall be terminable by either party, pursuant to Article. the twelfth article of the treaty to which it is an addition. It shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Ratifications. Senate of the United States, and by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the respective ratifications of the same shall be exchanged at St. Petersburg within nine months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present additional article in duplicate, and affixed thereto the seal of their arms. Date. Done at Washington the twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of Grace one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight. WILLIAM ff. SEWARD. [L. s.] EDGOUARD DE STOECKL. [L. S.l SAN SALVADOR, 1850. 675 SAN SALVADOR. SAN SALVADOR, 1850. TREATY OF AMITY. NAVIGATION, AND COMMERCE, BETWEEN THE UNITED January 2, 1850. STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF SAN SALVADOR, CONCLUDED AT LEON JANUARY 2, 1850; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE SEPTEMBER 24, 1850; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT NOVEMBER 14,1850; TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE SEPTEMBER 27, 1850, TO APRIL 1, 1851; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CITY OF SAN SALVADOR JUNE 2, 1852; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS CONSENTED TO BY SENATE APRIL 4,1853; PROCLAIMED APRIL 18, 1853. A general treaty of amity, navigation, and commerce between the United States of North America and the Republic of San Salvador. The United States of North Americd and the Republic of San Salva- Contracting pardor, desiring to make lasting and firm the friendship and good under- ties. standing which happily exists between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between each other, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace and friendship, commerce, and navigation. For this desirable object the President of the United States of America Negotiators. has conferred full powers upon E. G. Squier, a citizen of the said States, and their Charge d'Affaires to Guatemala; and the President of the Republic of San Salvador has conferred similar and equal powers upon Seiior Licenciado Don Augustin Morales, who, after having exchanged their said full powers in due form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friend- Peaceandfricndship between the United States of America and the Republic of San ship. Salvador, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their citizens respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The United States of America and the Republic of San Salvador, de- Favors granted fo other nations to siring to live in peace and harmony with all the nations of the earth, by become common. means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations in respect of commerce and navigation which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. A.RTICLE Ill. The two high contracting parties, being likewise desirous of placing Freedom of comthe commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal merce and nvigabasis of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citi- tion. zens of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, and reside therein, and shall have the power to purchase and hold lands, and Rights of resiall kinds of real estate, and to engage in all kinds of trade, manufactures, deuce and usiand mining, upon the same terms with the native citizen, and shall enjoy 676 PUBLIC TREATIES. all the privileges and concessions in these matters which are or may be made to the citizens of any country, and shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation; commerce, and manufactures, which native citizens do or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, or usages there established, to which native citizens are Coasting trade. subjected. -But it is understood that this article does not include the ccasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARTICLE IF. Vessels upon They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or equal footing. merchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the United States in their own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the Republic of San Salvador; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other; and in like manner that, whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the Republic of San Salvador in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United States; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or the other. And they further agree that whatever may be lawfully exported or re-exported from one country in its own vessels to any foreign country may in like manner be exported or re-exported in the vessels of the other country; and the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the United States or of the Republic of San Salvador. ARTICLE V. - Equality of du- No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into ties on produce of the United States of any articles the produce or manufactures of the either country. Republic of San Salvador, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the Republic of San Salvador of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles being the produce or manufactures of any foreign country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries on the exportation of any articles to the United States or to the Republic of San Salvador, respectively, than such as are payable on- the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States or of the Republic of San Salvador; to or from. the territories of the United States, or to or from the territories of the Republic of San Salvador, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VI. Applicability of In order to prevent the possibility of any misunderstanding, it is stipulations. hereby declared that the stipulations contained in the three preceding [SeeArticlesIII- articles are to their full extent applicable to the vessels of the United States and their cargoes arriving in the ports of San Salvador, and reciprocally to the vessels of the said Republic of San Salvador and their cargoes arriving in the ports of the United States, whether they proceed from the ports of the country to which they respectively belong or from the ports of any other foreign country; and, in either case, no discriminating duty shall be imposed or collected in the ports of either country on said vessels or their cargoes, whether the samne shall be of native or foreign produece or manufacture. SAN SALVADOR, 1850. 677 -ARTICLE VII. It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, Management of commanders of ships, and other citizens of both countries, to manage, business &c. by themselves or agents, their own business in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignments and sale of their goods and merchandise, by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on an equality with the subjects or citizens of the most favored nation. ARTICLE VIII. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to Embargo or de-' any embargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandise, tention. or effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested an equitable and sufficient indemnification. ARTICLE IX. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels seeking forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions refuge. of the other with their vessels, whether merchant or war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, or want of provisions or water, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage, without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. ARTICLE X. All the ships, merchandise, and effects belonging to the citizens of Captu re s by one of the contracting parties which may be captured by pirates, pirates. whether within the limnits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper forml their rights before the competent tribunals, it being well understood that the claim shall be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective Governments. the coasts or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is usual and custqmary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, unless they may be destined for consumption or sale in the country of the port where they may have been disembarked. ARTICLE XI[. The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to Disposal and indispose of their personal goods or real estate within the jurisdiction of heritan ce of the other, by sale, dlonation, testamelnt, or otherwise; and their repre- estates. sentatives, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods or real estate, whether by testament or ab intestato; and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or others acting 678 PUBLIC THEATIES, for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases, ARTICLE XJIII Protection t o Both contracting parties promise and engage formally to give their persons and prop- special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each erty. other, of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country, for which purpose they may either appear in proper person, or employ in the prosecution or defence of their rights such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions or sentences of the tribunals in all cases which may concern them, and shall enjoy in such cases all the rights and privileges accorded to the native citizen, ARTICLE XIV, Security of con- The citizens of the United States residing in the territories of the science. Republic of San Salvador shall enjoy the most perfect and entire security of conscience, without being annoyed, prevented, or disturbed on the proper exercise of their religion, in private houses, or on the chapels or places of worship appointed for that purpose, provided that in so doing they observe the decorum due to divine worship, and the respect Rights of burial. due to the laws, usages, and customs of the country. Liberty shall also be granted to bury the citizens of the United States who may die in the territories of the Republic of San Salvador, in convenient and adequate places, to be appointed and established for that purpose, with the knowledge of the local authorities, or in such other places of sepulture as may be chosen by the friends of the deceased; nor shall the funerals or sepulchres of the dead be disturbed in anywise, nor upon any account. In like manner the citizens of San Salvador shall enjoy within the Government and territories of the United States a perfect and unrestrained liberty of conscience, and of exercising their religion, publicly or privately, within their own dwelling-houses, or on the chapels and places of worship appointed for that purpose, agreeably to the laws, usages, and customs of the United States. ARTICLE XV, Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America, and of the Republic of San Salvador to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandise before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are the enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only from the places of the enemy before mentioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether Free ships, make they be under the jurisliction of one Power or under several. And it free goods. is hereby stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, and that everything which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be deemed to SAN SALVADOR, 1850. 679 be free qand exempt, although the whole lading, or any part tllereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, (contraband goods being always excepted.) It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty shall be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect; that altho' they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers and soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemies; provided, however, and it is hereby agreed, that Limitation of the the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall principle. cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those Powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other remains neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose Governments acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XVI. It is likewise agreed that, in the case where the neutral flag of one of Neutral property the contracting parties shall protect the property of one of the enemies on enemy's vessel. of the other by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessel shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without-the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree that, two months having elapsed after the declaration of war, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the fla.g of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandise of the neutral embarked on such enemy's ships shall be free. ARTICLE XVII.. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contraband artimerchandise, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name cles. of contraband; and under this Dame of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberts, hand-grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2d. Bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for the military use. 3d. Cavalry belts and horses, with their furniture. 4th. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other material manufactured, prepared, and formed expressly to make war by sea or land. 5th. Provisions that are imported into a besieged or blockaded place. ARTICLE XVIIIo All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles of Other goods free. contraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above, shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting those places only which are at that time besieged or blockelded; and, to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that D e fi n it i on o those places only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked blockade. by a belligerent force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. 680 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XIX. Confiscation of The articles of contraband before enumerated and classified which contrabaud arti- may be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port shall be subject to cles. detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having oil board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessels will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great and of so large a bulk they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience: but in this and all other cases of just detention the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment, according to law. ARTICLE XX. Blockaded ports. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is besieged or blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained; nor shall any part of her-cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from the commanding officer of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained froml quitting that place with her cargo; nor, if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XXI. Regulat i o n of - In order to prevent all kind of disorder in the visiting and examinavisits at sea. tion of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually that whenever a national vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon-shot, unless in stress of weather, and may send its boat, with two or three men only, in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the, least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of said armed ships shall be responsible, with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commnissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damage they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XXII. Sea-letters or To avoid all kinds of vexation and abuse in the examination of the passports. papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do hereby agree, that in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master and commander of the said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one [of] the parties. They have likewise agreed that when such ships have a cargo, they shall also be SAN SALVADOR, 1850. 681 provided, besides the said sea-letters or passports, with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods are on board the same, which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form; without which requisites said vessel may be detained to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared lawful prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and shall be satisfied or supplicd by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XXIII, It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to Vessels u n der the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which convoy. sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and, when they may be bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXIV. It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes in the country to which the prizes may be conducted shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunals of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, or goods, or property claim ed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives upon which the same shall have been founded; and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXV. For the purpose of lessening the evils of war, the two high contract- Reoulat i o n in ing parties further agree that in case a war should unfortunately take case of war. place between them, hostilities shall only be carried on by persons duly commissioned by the Government, and by those under their orders, except in repelling an attack or invasion, and in the defence of property. ARTICLE XXV1. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with L oet ter s o f another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a mnarquo. commission or letter of marque for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the said enemy against the said parties so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate. ARTICLE XXVII. If by any fatality which cannot be expected, and God forbid, the Rights of resitwo contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, dents in time of they have agreed, and do agree now for then, that there shall be allowed war. the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe-conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States or of San Salvador shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit 682 PUBLIC TLREATIES this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them. ARTICLE XXVIIl. Debts, &c., not Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the indito be confiscated. viduals of the other, nor shares nor money which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or of national difference, be sequestered or confiscated. ARTICLE XXIX. Envoys, minis- Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality ters, &c. in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have agreed, and do agree, to grant to the Euvoys, Ministers, and other public agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nations do or shall enjoy; it being-understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Republic of San Salvador may find it proper to give to the Ministers and public agents of any other Power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXX. Consuls and Vice- To make more effectual the protection which the United States and Consuls. the Republic of San Salvador shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and to admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign comrn merce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient. ARTICLE XXXI. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and, having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXXII. Immunities o f It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and consular officers. persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kind of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject, being in everything besides subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the consulates shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXXITII Deserters from The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, andl officers competent, and shall demand in writing the said deserters, proving by SAN SALVADOiR, 1850. 683 an exhibition of the registers of the vessels or ship's roll or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews; and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved by other testimonies,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation; but if they be not sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE XXX[V. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consularconvennavigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree to form, as soon tion. hereafter as circumstances will permit, a consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXV. The United States of North America and the Republic of San Salvador, desiring to make as durable as possible the relations which are to be established by virtue of this treaty, have declared solemnly and do agree to the following points': ist. The present treaty shall remain in full force and vigor for the Duration of term of twenty years from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; treaty. and if neither party notifies the other of its intention of reforming any or all the articles of this treaty twelve months before the expiration of the twenty years stipulated above, the said treaty shall continue binding on both parties beyond the said twenty years until twelve months fro:m the time that one of the parties notifies the. other of its intention of proceeding to a reform. 2d. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe Infringement of any of the articles of this treaty, such citizens shall be held personally treaty. responsible for the same, and the harmony and good correspondence between the nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation. 3d. If, unfortunately, any of the articles contained in this treaty should Repris a 1 s a n d be violated or infringed in any way whatever, it is expressly stipulated declarat i o11 s of that neither of the two contracting parties shall ordain or authorize any war. acts of reprisal, nor shall declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended shall have laid before the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, demanding justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been denied, in violation of the laws and of international right. ARTICLE XXXVI. -The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation shall Ratifications. be approved and ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the President of the Republic of San Salvador, with the consent and approbation of the Congress of the same; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington or San Salvador, within eight months from the date of the signature thereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Republic of San Salvador, have signed and sealed these presents, in the city of Leon, on the second day of January, in the Date. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty, and of the Independence of the Unitel States the seventy-fourth. E. GEO. SQUIER. [L. s.] AGUSTIN MORALES. [L. S.] 684 PUBLIC TREATIES. SARDINTA. SARB DINIA, 1838. Nov. 26, 1838. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION, AND SEPARATE ARTICLE, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SARDINIA, CONCLUDED AT GENOA NOVEMBER 26, 1838; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 2, 1839; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 8, 1839; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 18, 1839; PROCLAIMED MARCH 18, 1839. [This treaty was superseded by the treaty of 1871 with Italy.] Treaty withI Sardinia. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Sardinia, ties. desirous of consolidating the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States and of facilitating and extending the commercial intercourse between the two countries, have agreed to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce and navigation, for which purpose the President Negotiators. of the United States has conferred full powers on Nathaniel Niles, their Special Agent near His Sardinian Majesty, and His Majesty the King of Sardinia has conferred like powers on the Count Clement Solar de la Marguerite, Grand: Cross of the Military and Religious Order of S. Maurice and S. Lazarus, of Isabella the Catholic of Spain, and Knight of the Order of Christ, his First Secretary of State for the Foreign Affairs; And the said Plenipotentiaries having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Freedom of corn- There shall be between the territories of the high contracting parties merco and naviga- a reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation. The inhabitants of their respective States shall mutually have liberty to enter the ports and commercial places of the territories of each party, wherever foreign commerce is permitted. They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts whatsoever of said territories in order to attend to their affairs, and they shall enjoy to that effect the same security and protection as the natives of the country wherein they reside, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances there prevailing. ARTICLE II. Vessels on equal Sardinian vessels arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the footing. United States of America, and reciprocally vessels of the United States [See separate ar- arriving either laden or in ballast in the ports of the dominions of His tidle, 3m 689.] ~Sardinian Majesty, shall be treated on their entrance, during their stay, and it their departure, upon the same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonnage, light-houses, pilotage, and port charges, as well as to the fees and perquisites of public officers and other duties or charges of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever. SAR1DINIA, 1838. 685 ARTICLE ITI. All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce either the produce Equality of dinof the soil or the industry of the United States of America or of any t e on importaother country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the tions. [See separate ardominions of Sardinia in Sardinian vessels, may also be so imported in ticde, p. 659.] vessels of the United States of America without paying otheir or higher duties or charges of whatever kind or denomination levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities or of any private establishment whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in Sardinian vessels. And reciprocally all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, either the produce of the soil, or of the industry of the dominions of Sardinia or of any other country, which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the United States, in vessels of the said States, may also be so imported in Sardinian vessels, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or produce had been imported in vessels of United States of America. ARITICLE IV. To prevent the possibility of any misunderstanding, it is hereby dle- Applicati on of dared that the stipulations contained in the two preceding articles are stipulations. to their frll extent applicable to Sardinian vessels and their cargoes ar- tie, p. 689.]rate arriving in the ports of the United States of America, and reciprocally to vessels of the said States and their cargoes arriving in the ports of the dominions of Sardinia, whether the said vessels clear directly from the ports of the country to which they respectively belong, or from the ports of any other foreign country. ARTICLE V. All kind of merchandise and articles of commerce, which may lawfully Equality in exbe exported from the ports of the United States of America in national portations. vessels, pay also be exported therefrom in Sardinian vessels without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been exported in vessels of the United States of America. And reciprocally all kind of merchandise and articles of commerce which may be lawfully exported from the ports of the Kingdom of Sardinia in national vessels may also be exported therefrom in vessels of the United States of America without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever, than if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had been exported in Sardinian vessels. ARTICLE VI. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into Equality of duthe United States of any article the produce or manufacture of Sar- ties on produce of dinia, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation either country. into the Kingdom of Sardinia of any article the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the same article being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the importation or exportation of any article the produce of or the manufacture of the United States or of Sardinia, to or from the ports of the United States, or to or from the ports of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. G86 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VII. Coastingr trade. It is expressly understood and agreed that the preceding articles do not apply to* the coastwise navigation of either of the two countries, which each of the two high contracting parties reserves exclusively to itself. ARTICLE VIII. No preferenco of No priority or preference shall be given directly or indirectly by either importations. of the high contracting parties, nor by any company, corporation, or agent acting in their behalf, or under their authority, in the purchase of any article of commerce lawfully imported on account of, or in reference to, the character of the vessel, whether it be of the one party or the other, in which such article was imported, it being the true intent and meaning of the contracting parties that no distinction or difference whatever shall be made in this respect. ARTICLE IX. Favors granted If either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particuto other nations to lar favor in commerce or navigation, it shall immediately become combeconme common. mon to the other party, freely where it is freely granted to such other nation, or on yielding the samre or an equivalent compensation, when the grant is conditional. ARTICLE X. Treatm e n t o f Vessels of either of the high contracting parties arriving on the coasts vessels. of the other, but without the intention to enter a port, or having entered not wishing to discharge the whole or any part of their cargoes, shall enjoy in this respect the same privileges and be treated in the same manner as the vessels of the most favored nations. ARTICLE XI. Wrecked or dain- When any vessel belonging to either of the contracting parties, or to fagred vessels. their citizens or subjects, shall be wrecked, foundered, or otherwise suffer damage on the coasts or within the dominions of the. other, there shall be given to such vessel and all persons on board every aid and protection, in like manner as is usual and customary to vessels of the nation where such shipwreck or damage happens; and such shipwrecked vessel, its merchandise, and other effects, or their proceeds, if the same shall have been sold, shall be restored to their owners, or to those entitled to receive them, upon the payment of such costs of salvage as would have been paid by national vessels in the same circumstances. ARTICLE XII. Vessels seeking Sardinian merchant-vessels being forced from stress of weather or qn asylum. other unavoidable causes to enter a port of the United States of America, and reciprocally merchant-vessels of the said States entering the ports of His Sardinian Majesty from similar causes, shall be exempt from port charges and all other duties levied to the profit of the Government, in case the causes which have rendered such entry necessary are real and evident, provided such vessel does not engage in any commercial operation while in port, such as loading and unloading merchandise, it beeing understood, nevertheless, that the unloading and reloading rendered necessary for the repair of the said vessel shall not be considered an act of commerce affording ground for the payment of duties, and provided also that the said vessel shall not prolong her stay in port beyond the time necessary for the repair of her damages. SARDINIA, 1838. 687 ARTICLE XIII. Considering the remoteness of the respective countries of the two Blockaded ports. high contracting parties, and the uncertainty resulting therefrom with respect to the various events which may take place, it is agreed that a merchant-vessel, belonging to either of them, which may be bound to a port supposed at the time of its departure to be blockaded, shall not, however, be captured or condemned for having attempted a first time to enter said port, unless it can be proved that said vessel could and ought to have learned during its voyage that the blockade of the place in question still continued. But all vessels which, after having been warned off once, shall, during the same voyage, attempt a second time to enter the same blockaded port during the continuance of the said blockade, shall then subject themselves to be detained and condemned. ARTICLE XIV. All articles of commerce the growth or manufacture of the United Merchandise in States of America, and the products of their fisheries, with the excep- t r a n situ through tion of salt, gunpowder, and tobacco manufactured for use, shall be ardna try.ipermitted to pass in transitun from the free port of Genoa through the territories of His Sardinian Majesty to any point of the inland frontier of the said territories; and, vice versa, all articles of commerce coming from any one point of the Sardinian inland frontier, destined for the United States, shall be permitted to pass the territores of His Sardinian Majesty to the free port of Genoa without being liable to the payment of any duty whatever levied in the name or to the profit of the Govern. ment, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever, other than such as are required to meet the expenses of the necessary precautionary measures against smuggling, which precautionary measures to be observed in regard to transit to the frontier shall be the same whether the said articles of commerce are imported by the vessels of the one or of the other of the high contracting parties. But if peculiar Notice of transit circumstances or considerations should render the re-establishment of duty. transit duties necessary on the said articles of commerce directed to any one point of the Sardinian frontier, the Sardinian Government, in reserving to itself the full right to establish such duty, engages to notify to the Government of the United States such determination six months before any such transit duty shall be exacted. It is also understood that all articles of commerce imported directly from the United States of America shall be taken and considered as the products of the said States, and shall be entitled equally and in like manner, with the exceptions above mentioned in the present article, to a free transit through the territories of His Sardinian Majesty. ARTICLE XV. The two high contracting parties reciprocally grant to each other the Consular officers. liberty of having each in the ports and other commercial places of the other, Consuls, Vice-Counsels, and Commercial Agents of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges, powers, and exemptions as those of the most favored nations. But if any of such Consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation, or subjects or citizens of the most favored nations are subject in the same places, in respect to their commercial transactions. ARTICLE XVI. It is especially understood that whenever either of the two contract- Citizens of one ing parties shall select for a consular agent to reside in any port or com- party appointed mercial place of the other party a subject or citizen of this last, such consuls by the oth 688 PUBLIC TREATIES. Consul or Agent shall continue to be regarded, notwithstanding his quality of a foreign Consul, as a subject or citizen of the nation to which he belongs, and consequently shall be submitted to the laws and regulations to which natives are subjected in the place of his residence. This obligation, however, shall in no respect embarrass the exercise of his consular functions, or affect the inviolability of the consular archives. ARTICLE XVII. Deserters from The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Com mercial Agents are authorized vessels. to require the assistance of the local authorities for the search, arrest, detention, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant-vessels of their country. For this purpose, they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and this reclamation thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters when arrested shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons at the request and cost of those who shall claim them in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belonged, or sent back to their own country by a vessel of the same nation or any other vessel whatsoever. But if not sent back within three months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty and shall not again be arrested for the same cause. If, however, the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case should be depending shall have pronounced its sentence and such sentence shall have been carried into execution. ARTICLE XVIII. Disposal and in- The citizens and subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have heritance of per- power to dispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the sonal property. other, by testament, donation, or otherwise, and their representatives, being citizens or subjects of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at will, paying such taxes and dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be subject to pay in like cases. And, in case of the absence of the representatives, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taken of the goods of a native of the same country in like case, until the lawfull owner may take measures for receiving them. And if a question should arise among several claimants as to which of them said goods belong, the same shall finally be decided by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said Heirs to real es- goods are. And where, on the death of any person holding real estate tate. within the territories of one of the contracting parties, such real estate would by the laws of the land descend on a citizen or subject of the other party who by reason of alienage may be incapable of holding it, he shall be allowed a reasonable time to sell such real estate, and to withdraw and export the proceeds without molestation and without paying to the profit of the respective Governments any other dues, taxes, or charges than those to which the inhabitants of the country wherein said real estate is situated shall be subject to pay in like cases. ARTICLE XIX. D u r a t ion of The present treaty shall continue in force for ten years, counting from treaty. the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if, twelve months before the expiration of that period, neither of the high contracting par SARDINIA, 1838. 689 ties shall have ann'ounced to the other by an official notification its intention to arrest the operation of the said treaty, it shall remain obligatory one year beyond that time, and so on until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar notification, whatever is the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE XX. The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of Ratifications. the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of Sardinia; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington within ten months from the date of the signature thereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties have Signatures. signed the present treaty, and thereto affixed their respective seals. Done at Genoa this 26th November, 1838. Date. NATHANIEL. NILES. [L s.] SOLAR DE LA MARGUERITE. [,. S.] SEPARATE ARTICILE. Nov. 26,1838. Circumstances of a peculiar nature rendering it necessary for His Sar- Differential dudinian Majesty to continue for a time differential duties, to the disadvan- ties. tage of foreign flags, on grain, olive-oil, and wine, imported directly [See Articles II, from the Black Sea, the ports of the Adriatic, and of those of the Il, andlV, pp.6842 Mediterranean, as far as Cape Trafalgar, notwithstanding the general 685.] provisions of the articles No. 2, 3, and 4 of the present treaty, it is distinctly understood and agreed by the high contracting parties, that the United States shall have full and entire liberty to establish countervailing differential duties on the same articles imported from the same places to the disadvantage of the Sardinian flag, in case the existing or any other differential duties on the said articles shall be continued in force, to the disadvantage of the flag of the United States of America, by HEis Sardinian Majesty, beyond a period of four years, counting from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty and separate article, but all countervailing differential duties on the said articles shall cease to be exacted from the time the United States Government shall have been informed officially of the discontinuance of differential duties on the part of His Sardinian Majesty. The present separate article shall have the same force and value as Effect of article. if it were inserted word for word in the treaty signed this day, and shall be ratified in the same time. In faith whereof we, the undersigned, by virtue of our full powers, Signatures. have signed the present separate article, and thereto affixed our respective seals. Done at Genoa the 26th November, 1838. Date. NATHANIEL NILLES. [L. S.] SOLAR DE LA MARGUERITE. [L. S.] R S Iv-44 690 PUBLIC TREATIES. SAXONY. SAXONY, 1845. May 14, 1845. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SAXONY, FOR THE MUTUAL ABOLITION OF THE DROIT D'AUBAINE AND TAXES ON EMIGRATION, CONCLUDED AT BERLIN MAY 14, 1845; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, APRIL 15, 1846; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 22, 1846; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN AUGUST 12, 1846; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 9, 1846. Contracting par- The United States of America, on the one part, and His Majesty the ties. King of Saxony, on the other part, being equally desirous of removing the restrictions which exist in their territories upon the acquisition and transfer of property by their respective citizens and subjects, have agreed to enter into negotiations for this purpose. Negotiators. For the attainment of this desirable object, the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on Henry Wheaton, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Majesty the King of Prussia, and His Majesty the King of Saxony upon John DeMinckwitz, his Minister of State, Lieutenant-General, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the said Court; Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Droit d'aubaine, Every kind of droit d'aubaine, droit de retraite, and droit de ddtrac&c., abolished. tion or tax on emigration, is hereby and shall remain abolished between the two contracting parties, their States, citizens, and subjects, respectively. ARTICLE II. Heirs to real Where, on the death of any person holding real property within the terproperty.. ritories of one party, such real property would by the laws of the land LSee Article IV. Idescend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, or where such real property has been devised by last will and testament to such citizen or subject, he shall be allowed a term of two years from the death of such person-which term may be reasonably prolonged according to circumstances-to sell the same and to withdraw the proceeds thereof without molestation, and exempt from all duties of d6traction on the part of the Government of the respective States. ARTICLE III. Disposal and in- The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have heritance of per- power to dispose of their personal property within the States of the sonal pro~perty. other, by testament, donation, or otherwise; and their heirs, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting party, shall succeed to their said personal property, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country where the said property lies shall be liable to pay in like cases. SAXONY, 1845. 69 1 ARTICLE IV. In case of the absence of the heirs, the same care shall be taken, pro- Property of,abvisionally, of such real or personal property as would be taken, in a like sent heirs. case, of the property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner, or the person who has a right to sell the same, according to Article II, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance. ARTICLE V. If any dispute should arise between the different claimants to the Settlement of same inheritance, they shall be decided according to the laws and by disputes the judges of the country where the property is situated. ARTICLE - VI. All the stipulations of the present convention shall be obligatory in Applica t i o n of respect to property already inherited, devised, or bequeathed, but not stipulations. yet withdrawn from the country where the same is situated at the signature of this convention. ARTICLE VII. This convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States Ratifications. of America, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, and by His Majesty the King of Saxony, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Berlin within the term of eighteen months from the date of the signature, or sooner if possible. In faith of which, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. above articles, both in German and English, and have thereto affixed their seals. Done in triplicata, in the city of Berlin, on the 14th of May, in the Date. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-five, and the sixty-ninth of the Independence of the United States of America. HENRY WHEATON. [L. S.] MINCKWITZ. IL. S.J 692 PUBLIC TREATIES. SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE. SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE, 1854. Jn 7,1854. DECLARATION OF ACCESSION* OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PRINCE OF _n_ __ ____ SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE TO THE CONVENTION OF JUNE 16, 1852, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION, FOR THE EXTRADITION OF CRIMINALS, AND TO THE ADDITIONAL ARTICLE THERETO OF NOVEMBER 16, 1852, SIGNED JUNE 7, 1854; PROCLAIMED JULY 26, 1854. Preamble. Whereas a treaty for the reciprocal extradition of fugitive criminals, [See convention in special cases, was concluded between Prussia and other States of the with Prussia and Germanic Confederation on the one hand, and the United States of other States, pp. North America on the other, under date of June 16th, 1852, at Wash660-663.] ington, by the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, and has been ratified by the contracting Governments; and whereas, in the second article of the same, the United States of North America have declared that they agree that the stipulations of the aforesaid treaty shall be applicable to any other State of the Germanic Confederation which shall have subsequently declared its accession to the treaty: Now, thereDe cl aration of fore, in accordance therewith, the Government of His Serene Highness accession. the Reigning Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, hereby declares its accession to the aforesaid treaty of June 16th, 1852, which is, word for word, as follows: [The original declaration here includes a copy in German and English of the treaty of June 16, 1852, and of the additional article thereto of November 16, 1852.] and hereby expressly gives assurance that each and every article and stipulation of this treaty shall be faithfully observed and enforced within the territory of the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe..Si-ature. In testimony whereof, the Government of the Prince, in the name of ur. is Serene Highness the Reigning Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, has executed the present declaration of accession, and caused the seal of the Government to be thereunto affixed. Date. Done at Buckeburg, the seventh day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four. The Government of the Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe. V. SAUER. [SEAL.] WERNER. * Translation. SIAM, 1833. 693 SIAM. SIAMS, 1833. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE WITH SIAM, CONCLUDED AT BANGKIOIK March 20, 1833. MARCIH 20, 1833; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 23, 1834; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BANGKOK APRIL 14, 1836; PROCLAIMED JUNE 24, 1837. Treaty of amity and commerce between his Majesty the 3Magnificent King of Siamn, and the United States of America. His Majesty the Sovereign and Magnificent King in the City of Sias- Negotiators. Yut'hia has appointed the Chau Phaya-Pllra-klang, one of the first Ministers of State, to treat with Edmund Roberts, Minister of the United States of America, who has been sent by the Government thereof, on its behalf, to form a treaty of sincere friendship and entire good faith between the two nations. For this purpose, the Siamese and the citizens of the United States of America shall, with sincerity, hold comrmercial intercourse in the ports of their respective nations as long as heaven and earth shall endure. This treaty is concluded on Wednesday, the last of the fourth month Date of treaty. of the year 1194, called Pi-marong-chat-tava-s6k, (or the year of the Dragon,) corresponding to the twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord 1833. One original is written in Siamese, the other in Eng- L an g uag e of lish; but as the Siamese are ignorant of English, and the Americans treaty. of Siamese, a Portuguese and a Chinese translation are annexed, to serve as testimony to the contents of the treaty. The writing is of the Translations. same tenor and date in all the languages aforesaid. It is signed, on Signatures. the one part, with the name of the Chau P'haya-PFhra-klang, and sealed with the seal of the lotus flower, of glass; on the other part, it is signed with the name of Edmund Roberts, and sealed with a seal containing Seals. an eagle and stars. One copy will be kept in Siam, and another will be taken by Eddmund Custody of treaty. Roberts to the United States. If the Government of the United States, Ratifications. shall ratify the said treaty and attach the seal of the Government, then Siam will also ratify it on its part, and attach the seal of its Government. ARTICLE I. There shall be a perpetual peace between the United States of Amer- Perpetual peace. ica and the Magnificent King of Siam. ARTICLE II. The citizens of the United States shall have free liberty to enter all Liberty of navithe ports of the Kingdom of Siam with their cargoes, of whatever kind gation and c o mthe said cargoes may consist; and they shall have liberty to sell the merce in Siam. same to any of the subjects of the King, or others who may wish to purchase the same, or to barter the same for any produce or manufacture of the Kingdom, or other articles that may be found there. No prices shall be fixed by the officers of the King on the articles to be sold by the merchants of the United States, or the merchandise they may wish to buy, but the trade shall be firee on both sides to sell or buy Freedomof trade. or exchange on the terms and for the prices the owners mIay think fit. Whenever the said citizens of the United States shall be ready to de 694 PUBLIC TREATIES. part, they shall be at liberty so to do, and the proper officers shall furnish them with passports: Provided always, There be no legal impediment to the contrary. Nothing contained in this article shall be understood as granting permission to import and sell munitions of war to any person excepting to the King, who, if he does not require, will not be bound to purchase them; neither is permission granted to import opium, Prohibited arti- which is contraband, or to export rice, which cannot be embarked as an cles. article of commerce. These only are prohibited, ARTICLE IlI. Measurement Vessels of the United States entering any port within HEis Majesty's duty payable. dominions, and selling or purchasing cargoes of merchandise, shall pay, [See Article VII, in lieu of import and export duties, tonnage, license to trade, or any treaty of 18562 p. other charge whatever, a measurement duty only, as follows': The -measurement shall be made from side to side, in the middle of the vessel's length; and, if a single-decked vessel, on such single deck; if otherwise, on the lower deck. On1 every vessel, selling merchandise, the sum of one thousand seven hundred Ticals, or Bats, shall be paid for every Siamese fathom in breadth, so measured; the said fathom being computed to contain seventy-eight English or American inches, corresponding to ninety-six Siamese inches; but if the said vessel should come without merchandise, and purchase a cargo with specie only, she shall then pay the sum of fifteen hundred Ticals, or Bats, for each and every fathom before described. Furthermore, neither the aforesaid measurement duty, nor any other charge whatever, shall be paid by any vessel of the United States that enters a Siamese port for the purpose of refitting, or for refreshments, or to inquire the state of the market. ARTICLE IV. Diminution of If hereafter the duties payable by foreign vessels be diminished in duties. favor of any other nation, the same diminution shall be made in favor of the vessels of the United States. ARTICLE V. Shipwrecks. If any vessel of the United States shall suffer shipwreck on any part of the Magnificent King's dominions, the persons escaping from the wreck shall be taken care of and hospitably entertained at the expense of the King, until they shall find an opportunity to be returned to their country; and the property saved from such wreck shall be carefully preserved and restored to its owners and the United States will repay all expenses incurred by His Majesty on account of such wreck. ARTICLE VI. Debts contracted If any citizen of the United States, coming to Siam for the purpose in Siam. of trade, shall contract debts to any individual of Siam, or if any individual of Siam shall contract debts to any citizen of the United States, the debtor shall be obliged to bring forward and sell all his goods to pay his debts therewith. When the product of such bona fide sale shall not suffice, he shall no longer be liable for the remainder, nor shall the creditor be able to retain him as a slave, imprison, flog, or otherwise punish him, to compel the payment of any balance remaining due, bult shall leave him at perfect liberty. ARTICLE VII. Rent of King's Merchants of the United States coming to trade in the KingdomI of factories. Siam, and wishing to rent houses therein, shall rent the King's factories, and pay the customary rent of the country. If the said merchants bring their goods on shore, thle EKinlg's officers shall take account thereof, but shall not levy any duty thereupon. SIAM, 1856. 695 ARTICLE VIII. If any citizens of the United States, or their vessels, or other prop- Captures by pierty, shall be taken by pirates and brought within the dominions of the rates. Magnificent King, the persons shall be set at liberty, and the property restored to its owners. ARTICLE IX. Merchants of the United States trading in the Kingdom of Siam Merchants of shall respect and follow the laws and customs of the country in all lUIited States to respect the laws, pARTICLE X. If hereafter any foreign nation other than the Portuguese shall request Consuls. and obtain His Majesty's consent to the appointment of Consuls to reside in Siam, the United States shall be at liberty to appoint Consuls to reside in Siam, equally with such other foreign nation. EDMUND ROBERTS. [L. S.] Whereas the undersigned, Edmund Roberts, a citizen of Portsmnouth, C e r ti ficate of in the State of New Hampshire, in the United States of America, being Edmund Roberts. duly appointed an envoy, by letters-patent, under the signature of the President and seal of the United States of America, bearing date at the city of Washington, the twenty-sixth day of January, A. D. 1832, for negotiating and concluding a treaty of amity and commerce between the United States of America and His Majesty the King of Siam: Now know ye, that I, Edmund Roberts, Envoy as aforesaid, do conclude the foregoing treaty of amity and commerce, and every article and clause therein contained; reserving the same, nevertheless, for the Final ratification final ratification of the President of the United States of America, by reserved for Presiand with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said United States. dent of the United States. Done at the royal city of Sia-Yut'hia, (commonly called Bankok,) on the twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and of the Independence of the United States of, America the fifty-seventh. EDMUND ROBERTS. [L. s.] SIAM, 1856. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF May 29, 1856. AMERICA AND THEIR MAJESTIES THE FIRST AND SECOND KINGS OF SIAM, CONCLUDED AT BANGKOK MAY 29, 1856; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, MARCH 13, 1857; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCIH 16, 1857; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BANGKOK JUNE 15, 1857; TIME FOR EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS EXTENDED BY SENATE JUNE 15, 1858; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 16, 1858. The President of the United States of America, and their Majesties Contracting parPhra-Bard, Somdetch, Phra-Paramendr, Mahal Mongkut, Phra, Chom, ties. Klau, Chau, Yu, iua, the First King of Siam, and Phra, Bard, Somdetch, Phra, Pawarendr, Ramesr, Mahiswaresr, Phra, Pin, Klau, Chau, Yu, Hua, the second King of Siam, desiring to establish. upon firm and lasting foundations the relations of peace and friendship existing between the two countries, and to secure the best interest of their respective citizens and subjects by encouraging, facilitating, and regulating their industry and trade, have resolved to conclude a treaty of amity and commerce for this purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Townsend Harris, Esq., of New NegotiatorE. York, Consul-General of the United States of America for the Empire of Japan, and their Majesties'the First and Second Kings cof Siam, His (696( PUBLIC TRIEATIES. tRoyal Highness tile Prince Krom Hluaing, Wongrsa, Dhiraj, Snidh, His Excellency Somdetch, Chau, Phaya, Param, Maha, Bijai, Neate, His Excellency Chau, Phaya, Sri, Suriwongse, Samnuha, Phra, Kralahomn His Excellency Chau, Phaya, Rawe, Wongee, Maha, Kosa, Dhipadde, the PIhra Klang, His Excellency Chau, Phaya, Yomeray, the lord imayor; Who) after having' communicated to each other their respective full powers, and found thein to be in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articlesARTICLE L[ Peace and friend- There shall, henceforward, be perpetual peace and friendship between ship. the United States and their Majesties the First and Second Kings of Siam and their successors. P rote ction to All American citizens coming to Siam shall receive from the Siamese American citizens. Government full protection and assistance to enable them to reside in Siam in all security, and trade with every facility, free from oppression Friendly aid to or injury on the part of the Siamese. Inasmuch as Siam has no ships Siamese vessels. trading to the ports of the United States, it is agreed that the ships of war of the United States shall render friendly aid and assistance to such Siamese vessels as they may meet on the high seas, so far as can be done without a breach of neutrality; and all American Consuls, residing at ports visited by Siamese vessels, shall also give them such friendly aid as may be permitted by the laws of the respective countries in which they reside. ARTICLE IIo American Consul The interests of all American citizens coming to Siam shall be placed at Bangkok. under the regulations and control of a Consul, who will be appointed Powers and to reside at Bangkok. He will himself conform to and will enforce the duties. observance -by American citizens of all the provisions of this treaty, [See treaty of and such of the former treaty, negotiated by Mr. Edmund Roberts, in 1833, pp. 693695.] 1833, as shall still remain in operation. He shall also give effect to all rules and regulations as are now or may hereafter be enacted for the government of American citizens in Siam, the conduct of their trade and for the prevention of violations of the laws of Siam. Any disputes arising between American citizens and Siamese subjects shall be heard and determined by the Consul, in conjunction with the proper Siamese officers; and criminal offences will be punished, in the case of Americain offenders, by the Consul, according to American laws, and in the case of Siamese offenders by their own laws, through the Siamese authorities. But the Consul shall not interfere in any matters referring solely to Siamese; neither will the Siamese authorities interfere in questions which only concern the citizens of the United States. ARTICLE III. $Surrender of If Siamese in the employ-of American citizens offend against the laws offenders. of their country, or if any Siamese, having so offended, or desiring to desert, take refuge with American citizens in Siam, they shall be searched for, and, upon proof of their guilt orl desertion, shall be delivered up by the Consul to the Siamese authorities. In like manner, any American offenders, resident or trading in Siam, who may desert, escape to, or hide themselves in Siamese territory, shall be apprehended and delivered over to the American Consul on his requisition. ARTICLE LV. Privivleges of American citizens are permitted to trade freely in all the seaports of American citizens in Siane+m. $Siam, but may reside permanently only at Bangkok, or Within the limits [See Regulation assigned by this treaty. VII, i. 700.] SLAM, 18G6. 697 American citizens coming to reside at Bangkok may rent land and Purchase of land, buy or build houses, but cannot purchase land within a circuit of two &C. hundred seng (not more than four miles English) from the city walls, until they shall have lived in Siam for ten years, or shall obtain special authority from the Siamese Government to enable them to do so. But with the exception of this limitation American residents in Siam may, at any time, buy or rent houses, lands, or plantations situated anywhere within a distance of twenty-four hours'- journey from the city of Banglkok, to be computed by the rate at which boats of the country can travel. In order to obtain possession of such lands or houses, it will be necessary that the American citizen shall, in the first place, make application through the Consul to the proper Siamese officer, and the Siamese officer and the Consul, having satisfied themselves of the honest intentions of the applicant, will assist him in settling, upon equitable terms, the amount of the purchase-money; will make out and fix the boundaries of the property, and will convey the same to the American purchaser under sealed deeds, whereupon he and his property shall be placed under the protection of the: governor of the district, and that of the particular local authorities. He shall conform in ordinary matters to any just direction given him by them, and will be subject to the same taxation that is levied on Siamese subjects. But if, through negligence, the want of capital, or other cause, an American citizen should fail to commence the cultivation or improvements of the lands so acquired within a term of three years from the date of receiving possession thereof, the Siamese Government shall have the power of resuming the property upon returning to the American citizen the purchase-money paid by him for the same. ARTICLE V. All American citizens visiting or residing in Siam shall be allowed Religious liberty. the free exercise of their religion, and liberty to build places of worship in such localities as shall be consented to by the Siamese authorities. The Siamese Government will place no restriction upon the employment Siamese servants. by the Americans of Siamese subjects as servants, or in any other capacity. But wherever a Siamese subject belongs or owes service to some particular master, the servant who engages himself to an American citizen without the consent of his master may be reclaimed by him, and the Siamese Government will not enobrce an agreement between an American citizen and any Siamese in his employ, unless made with the knowledge and consent of the master who has a right to dispose of the services of the person engaged. ARTICLE VIo American ships of war may enter the river and anchor at Paknam; American ships but they shall not proceed above Pakunam unless with the consent of the of war. Siamese authorities, which shall be given where it is necessary that a ship shall go into dock for repairs. Any American ship of war conveying to Siam a public functionary, accredited by the American Government to the Court of Bangkok, shall be allowed to come up to Bangkok, but shall not pass the forts called Phrachamit and Pit-pach-nuck, unless expressly permitted to do so by the Siamese Government. But, Siamese authoriin the absence of an American ship of war, the Siamese authorities en- ties to aid Amerigage to furnish the Consul with a force sufficient to enable him to give can consuls. effect to his authority over American citizens, and to enforce discipline among American shipping. ARTICLE VII. The measurement duty hitherto paid by American vessels trading to Me as r e ment Bangkok, under the treaty of 1833, shall be abolished from the date of duties abolished. this treaty coming into operation, and American shipping or trade will tre[Stey of 1rt833, p.I 6941.] 698 PUBLIC TREATIES. thenceforth only be subject to the payment of import and export duties on the goods landed or shipped. Import duties. On the articles of import the duties shall be three per cent., payable, at the option of the importer, either in kind or money, calculated upon the Drawbacks. market value of the goods. Drawback of the full amount of duty shall be allowed upon goods found unsaleable and re-exported. Should the Appraisement. American merchant and the custom-house officers disagree as to the value to be set upon imported articles, such disputes shall be referred to the Consul and a proper Siamese officer, who shall each have the power to call in an equal number of merchants as assessors, not exceeding- two on either side, to assist them in coming to an equitable decision. Opium trade. Opium may be imported free of duty, but can only be sold to the opium farmer or his agents. In the event of no arrangement being effected with them for the sale of the opium, it shall be re-exported, and no impost or duty [shall be] levied thereon. Any infringement of this regulation shall subject the opium to seizure and confiscation. Export duties. Articles of export, from the time of production to the date of shipment, shall pay one impost only, whether this be levied under the name of inland tax, transit duty, or dutyon exportation. The tax or duty to be paid on each article of Siamese pro(luce previous to or upon exportation is specified in the tariff attached to this treaty; and it is distinctly agreed that goods or produce that pay any'description of tax in the interior shall Liberty of trade. be exempted from any further payment of duty on exportation. American merchants are to be allowed to purchase directly from the producer the articles in which they trade, and in like manner to sell their goods directly to the parties wishing to purchase the same, without the interference in either case of any other person. Tariff of duties. The rates of duty laid down in the tariff attached to this treaty are those that are now paid upon goods or produce shipped in Siamese or P ri v i leges of Chinese vessels or junks; and it is agreed that American shipping shall American ship- enjoy all the privileges now exercised by, or which hereafter may be granted to, Siamese or Chinese vessels or junks. Ship-building in American citizens will be allowed to build ships in Siam on obtaining Siam. permission to do so from the Siamese authorities. Exportation of Whenever a scarcity may be apprehended of salt, rice, and fish, the salt, rice, and fish. Siamese Government reserve to themselves the right of prohibiting by public proclamation the exportation of these articles, giving 30 days Articles free of (say thirty days) notice, except in case of war. Bullion or personal duty. effects may be imported or exported free of charge. ARTICLE VIII. Trade regula- The code of regulations appended to this treaty shall be enforced by tions. the Consul, with the co-operation of the Siamese authorities; and they, the said authorities and Consul, shall be enabled to introduce any further regulations which may be found necessary in order to give effect to the objects of this treaty. Fines and pen- All fines and penalties inflicted for infraction of the provisions and alties. regulations of this treaty shall be paid to the Siamese Government. ARTICLE IX. P rivileges of The American Government and its citizens will be allowed free and most favored na- equal participation in any privileges that may have been or may hereafter be granted by the Siamese Government to the Government, citizens, or subjects of any other nation. ARTICLE X. R evi si o n of After the lapse of tell years from the date of the ratification of this treaty. treaty, upon the desire of either the American or Siamese Government, and on twelve months' notice given by either party, the present, and SIAM, 1856. 699 such portions of the treaty of 1833 as remain unrevoked by this treaty, together with the tariff and regulations thereunto annexed, or those that may hereafter be introduced, shall be subject to revision by commissioners appointed on both sides for this purpose, who will be empowered to decide on and insert therein such amendments as experience shall prove to be desirable. ARTICLE XI. This treaty, executed in English and Siamese, both versions having Ratifications. the same meaning and intention, shall take effect immediately, and the ratifications of the same shall be exchanged at Bangkok within eighteen months from the date thereof. ln witness whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have signed Signatures. and sealed the present treaty in triplicate at Bangkok, on the twentyninth day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six Date. of the Christian era, and of the Independence of the United States the eightieth, corresponding to the tenth of the waning moon of the lunar month, Wesakh, or sixth month of the year of the Quadruped Serpent of the Siamese civil era, one thousand two hundred and eighteen, and the sixth of the reign of their Majesties the First and Second Kings of Siam. [L. S.] TOWNSEND HARRIS. [L. S.] [L. S.] [L. s.] [L. s.] [L. s.J* GenerCal regulations under which American trade is to be conducted in Trade regulations. REGULATION I. The master of every American ship coming to Bang- Arrivals of veskok to trade, must, either before or after entering the river, as may be sels to be reported. found convenient, report the arrival of his vessel at the custom-house at Guns and ammuPaknam, together with the number of his crew and guns, and the port nition. from whence lie comes. Upon anchoring his vessel at Paknamn, he will [Seemodification, deliver into the custody of the custom-house officers all his guns and 1867, pp. 702,703.] ammunition, and a custom-house officer will then be appointed to the vessel, and will proceed in her to Bangkok. REGGULATION II. A vessel passing Paknamu without discharging her Penalty for vioguns and ammunition, as directed in the foregoing regulation, will be lation. sent back to Paklam, to comply with its provisions, and will be fined eight hundred ticals for having so disobeyed. After delivery of her guns and ammunition, she will be permitted to return to Bangkok to trade'. REGULATION III. When an American vessel shall have cast anchor Deposit of ship's at Bangkok, the master, unless a Sunday should intervene, will, within papers. four andl twenty hours after arrival, proceed to the American consulate and deposit there his ship's papers, bills of lading, &c., together with a true manifest of his import cargo; and upon the Consul's reporting Report to c us these particulars to the custom-house, permission to break bulk will at ton-house once be given by the latter. For neglecting so to report his arrival, or for presenting a false mali- Penalty for negfest, the master will subject himself, in each inistance, to a penalty of lect. four hundred ticals; but he will be allowed to correct, within twentyfour hours after delivery of it to the Consul, any mistake lie may discover in his manifest, without incurring the above-mentioned penalty. REGULATION IV. An Aimerican vessel breaking bulk and cormencing Smuggling, &c. to discharge before due permission shall. be obtained, or smuggling, either when in the river or outside the bar, shall be subject to the penalty of eight hundred ticals, and confiscation of the goods so smuggled or lischarged. lREGULATION V. As soon as an Americanl vessel shall have discharged Clearance of vyesher cargo, and completed her olltw-ard liding, paid all her duties, and sels. Signatures of Siamese Plenipotentiaries. 700 PUBLIC TRtEATIES. delivered a true manifest of her outward cargo to the American Consul, a Siamese port clearance shall be granted her, on application from the (Consu8l, who, in the absence of any legal impediment to her departure, will then return to the master his ship's papers, and allow the vessel to leave. A custom-house officer will accompany the vessel to Paknam, and on arriving there she will be inspected by the custom-house officers of that station, and will receive fromn them the guns and ammunition previously delivered into their charge. English text of REGULATION VI. The American Plenipotentiary having no knowledge regunlations. of the Siamese language, the Siamese Government have agreed that the English text of these regulations, together with the treaty of which they form a portion, and the tariff hereunto annexed, shall be accepted as conveying, in every respect, their true meaning and intention. American citizens REGULATION VII. All American citizens intending to reside in Siam residing in Siam. shall be registered at the American Consulate; they shall not go out to [See Article IV, sea nor proceed beyond the limits assigned by the treaty for the resip. 696.] dence of American citizens without a passport from the Siamese authorities, to be applied for by the American Consul; nor shall they leave Siam if the Siamese authorities show to the American Consul that legitimate objections exist to their quitting the country. But within the limits appointed under Article IV of the treaty, American citizens are at liberty to travel to and fro, under the protection of a pass to be furnished them by the American Consul, and counter-sealed by the proper Siamese officer, stating in the Siamese character their names, calling, and description. The Siamese officers at the Government stations in the interior may at any time call for the production of this pass; and immediately on its being exhibited, they must allow the parties to proceed; but it will be their duty to detain those persons who, by travelling without a pass from the Consul, render themselves liable to the suspicion of their being deserters, and such detention shall be immediately reported to the Consul. [L. S.1 TOWNSEND HARRIS. IL. s.J [L. S.] [L,. S.] [L,. s.] [L. s.] Tariff of duties. Tariff of export and inland diuties to be levied on articles of trade. Articles paying SECTION I. The undermtentioned articles shall be entirely free from export duty only. inland' or other taxes on production or transit, and shall pay export duty as follows: Tic~l. Salung. Fuang. Hlun. 1. Ivory........,....... 10 0 0 0 per pecul. 2. Gamboge............... 6 0 0 0' 3. Rhinoceros' horns 0.0... 50 00 0 0 " 4. Cardamums, best......... 14 0 0 0 " 5. Ditto, bastard....... 6 0 0 0 6. Dried mussels....... 1 0 0 0 0 7. Pelicans' quills............ 2 2 0 0 4" 8. Betel nut, dried.. -........ 1 0 0 0 " 9. Krachi wood............. 0 2 0 0 "' 10. Sharks' fins, white......... 6 0 () 0 "' 11. Ditto, black....... 3 0 0 0 " 12. Lukkrabau seed.......- 0 2 0 0 " 13. Peacocks' tails........ 10 0 0 0 per 100 tails. 14. Buffalo and cow bones.... 0 0 0 3 per pecul. 15. Rhinoceros' hides..... 0 2 0 0 " 16..HEide cuttings.. 0 1 0 0 " 17. Turtle shells..1.... 0 0 0 " 18. Soft ditto 1 0 0 0 19. Beche de mer............. 3 O O O;" 20. Fish maws................ 3 0 0 0 "6 * Signatures of Siamese Plenipoftentiaries. SIAM, 1856. 701 Tical. Salung. Fuang. Hun. 21. Birds' nests, uncleaned....20 per cent. 22. Kingfishers' feathers...... 6 0 0 0 per 100. 23. Cutch............... 0 2 0 0 per pecul. 24. Beyche seed, (nux vomica). 0 2 0 0 " 25. Pungtarai seed........ 0 2 0 0 " 26. Gum Benjamin......... 4 0 0 0 " 27. Angrai bark............. 0 2 0 0 28. Agilla wood................. 2 0 0 0 " 29. Ray skins........ 3 0 0 0 30. Old deers' horns.......... 0 1 0 0 " 31. Soft or young ditto......10 per cent. 32. Deer hides, fine............ 8 0 0 0 per 100 hides. 33. Ditto, common....... 3 0 0 0 0 34. Deer sinews........... 4 0 0 0 per pecul. 35. Buffalo and cow hides...... 1 0 0 0 46 36. Elephants' bones......... 1 0 0 0 37. Tigers' bones........ 5 0 0 0 38. Buffalo horns.............. 0 1 0 0 39. Elephants' hides......... 0 1 0 0 " 40. Tigers' skins.............. 0 1 0 0 per skin. 41. Armadillo skins...... 4 0 0 0 per pecul. 42. Stick lac.................. 1 1 0 0 43. Hemp.......1 2 0 0 " 44. Dried fish, paheng..... 1 2 0 0 " 45. Ditto, plahsalit....... 1 0 0 0 " 46. Sapan wood.............. 0 2 1 0 44 47. Salt meat................ 2 0 0 0 " 48. Mangrove bark............ 0 1 0 0 49. Rosewood............. 0 2 0 0'4 50. Ebony................. 1 1 0 0 "4 51. Rice................... 4 0 0 0 per royan. SECTION II. The undermentioned articles, being subject to the inland Articles paying or transit duties herein named, and which shall not be increased, shall inland duties only. be exempt from export duty. Tical. Saluhng. Fuang. Hun. 52. Sugar, white.............o 0 2 0 0 per pecul. 53. Ditto, red.............. 0 0 1" 54. Cotton, cleanedl and uncleaned.......o....0 per cent. 55. Pepper..I...... 1 0 0 0 56. Salt fish, platu....... 1 0 0 0 per 10,000 fish. 57. Beans and peas.........o........... one-twelfth. 58. Dried prawns............ one-twelfth. 59. Tilseed......... o.......o. one-twelfth. 60. Silk, raw...........-................... one-twelfth. 61. Beeswax........ I........................ oue-fifteenth. 62. Tallow.................... 1 0 0 0 per pecul. 63. Salt..........6 0 0 0 per royan. 64. Tobacco.............. 1 2 0 0 per 1,000 bundles. SECTION III. All goods or produce unenumerated in this tariff shall Unenumerate d be free of export duty, and shall only be subject to one inland tax or articles to be free transit duty, not exceeding the rate now paid. of duty. [L. S.] TOWNSEND HARRIS. [SL SSJ [at s.] SL. s.] [L. s.] [L. s.]e " Signatures of Siamese Plenipotentiaries. 702 PUBLIC TREATIES. SIAM, 1867. Dec. 17-31,1867. MODIFICATION OF TREATY OF MAY 29, 1856, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND SIAM, CONCLUDED DECEMBER 17-31, 1867; RATIFIED AUGUST 11, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 25, 1868; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUGUST 11, 1868. No. 72.] UNITED STATES CONSULATE, Bangkok, Deer. 31st, 1867. To Hon. F. W. SEWARD, Assistant Secretary of State, Washington, D. C. Modification of Sir: I have the honor to inform the Department that I have received treaty regulations. a letter from His Excellency Chaw Phaya Praklang, Minister of Foreign [See Regulation Affairs, informing me that the Royal Counsellors for the Kingdom of XI p. 699.] Siam desire to change article first of the Treaty Regulations, and that the change shall go into effect on January 1st, 1868. The article alluded to is as follows, viz: "Every shipmaster upon anchoring his vessel at Paknamn will deliver into the custody of the custom-house officers all his guns and ammunition, and a custom-house officer will then be appointed to the vessel, and will proceed in her to Bangkok." The article as changed will require that the powder alone be left at Paknam, but that the guns be allowed to remain in the vessel. I have given my assent to the change, and all the other Consuls have done the same. The change is a very advantageous one to shipmasters, as in [the] shipping and reshipping of their guns, some of which were heavy, was attended with much delay and expense; whereas they generally have but a few pounds of powder on board, which can be boxed up and put ashore in a very short time. I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, J. M. HOOD, U. S. Consul. CHAW PHAYA PRAKLANG:, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS- OF THE KINGDOM OF SIAM, To Mr. J. M. HOOD, U. S. Consul, Saying: That the Senabodee of the Kingdom of Siam have considered this matter, and have come to the conclusion that as they saw that Siam was near the water, and that trading ships could ascend to the city, for this reason they asked a clause in the treaties that all guns and powder should be landed at Paknam before the ship would ascend the river. The Ministers Plenipotentiary also were of the same opinion, and yielded this point to the Siamese in the treaties. When a vessel came in and the Chaw Pausk-nan at Paknam received the guns and powder off the vessel that [they] found it very difficult to take care of the powder, and were afraid of an explosion, and for this reason they did not receive the powder from the vessel, but simply the guns. But now a long time since the Senabodee are of the opinion that the taking off of the guns at Paknam is a source of trouble to the vessels, for they took off guns belonging to many persons, and when the vessels come [came] down again it was often after night, and when the captains went for their guns the wrong ones were frequently taken, and when the vessel coming afterwards could not find her own guns, there was a fuss, and the Siamese officers had frequently to pay for the guns. Again, the powder was left in the vessels, and they coming up and an SIAM, 1867. 703 choring in the river, there was danger of an explosion and injury to the citizens here. Therefore the Senabodee have ordered me to write to all the Consuls and ask that the custom be changed from January 1st, 1868. We ask to take out the powder of the vessels at Paknam, but the guns can be left in the vessels and need not be taken out. If you are also of the same opinion, you will please inform masters of vessels and others under your protection to this effect. When the vessel comes to Paknam let them take out all the powder, but if they refuse to let the powder be taken out, and it remains in the vessel, and there arises any difficulty from that fact, we [beg to] claim indemnity according to the treaty. Given Tuesday, December 17th, 1867. 704 PUBLIC TREATIES. SPAIN. SPAIN, 1795. Oct. 27, 1795. TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, LIMITS, AND NAVIGATION, BETWEEN HIS CATHOLIC MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CONCLUDED AT SAN LORENZO EL REAL OCTOBER 27, 1795; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 3, 1796; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT ARANJUEZ APRIL 25, 1796; PROCLAIMED AUGUSTS, 1796. Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation between the United States of America and the King of Spain. Contracting par- His Catholic Majesty and the United States of America, desiring to ties. consolidate, on a permanent basis, the friendship and good correspondence which happily prevails between the two parties, have determined to establish, by a convention, several points, the settlement whereof will be productive of general advantage and reciprocal utility to both nations. Negotiators. With this intention, His Catholic Majesty has appointed the most excellent Lord Don Manuel de Godoy, and Alvarez de Faria, Rios, Sanchez, Zarzosa, Prince de la Paz. Duke de la Alcudia, Lord of the Soto de Roma. and of the State of Albala, Grandee of Spain of the first class, perpetual Regidor of the citty of Santiago, Knight of the illustrious Order of the Golden Fleece, and Great Cross of the Royal and distinguished Spanish Order of Charles the ITI, Commander of Valencia del Ventoso, Rivera, and Acenchal in that of Santiago; Knight and Great Cross of the religious Order of St. John; Counsellor of State; first Secretary of State and Despacho; Secretary to the Queen; Superintendant General of the Posts and Highways; Protector of the Royal Academy of the Noble Arts, and of the Royal Societies of Natural History, Botany, Chemistry, and Astronomy; Gentleman of the King7s Chamber in employment; Captain General of his Armies; Inspector and Major of the Royal Corps of Body Guards, &a., &a., &a., and the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of their Senate, has appointed Thomas Pinckney, a citizen of the United States, and their Envoy Extraordinary to His Catholic Majesty. And the said Plenipotentiaries have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- There shall be a firm and inviolable peace and sincere friendship beship. tween His Catholic Majesty, his successors and subjects, and the United States and their citizens, without exception of persons or places. ARTICLE II. Southern bound- To prevent all disputes on the subject of the boundaries which sepa-ary line. rate the territories of the two high contracting parties, it is hereby de[See Article~XII, lared and agreed as follows, to wit: The southern boundary of the treaty of 1819, p. United States, which divides their territory from the Spanish colonies 716.] of East and West Florida, shall be designated by a line beginning on the River Mississippi, at the northernmost part of the thirty-first degree of latitude north of the equator, which from thence shall be drawn due east to the middle of the River Apalachicola, or Catahouche, thence along the middle thereof to its junction with the Flint; thence straight SPAIN, 1795. 705 to the head of St. Mary's River, and thence down the middle thereof to the Atlantic Ocean. And it is agreed that if there should be any troops, garrisons, or settlements of either party in the territory of the other, according to the above-mentioneed boundaries, they shall be withdrawn from the said territory within the term of six months after the ratification of this treaty, or sooner if it be possible; and that they shall be permitted to take with them all the goods and effects which they possess. ARTICLE III. In order to carry the preceding article into effect, one Commissioner Commissio n e rs and one Surveyor shall be appointed by each of the contracting parties, [See Article XII, who shall meet at the Natchez, on the left side of the River Mississippi, treaty of 1819, p. before the expiration of six months from the ratification of this conven- 716.] tion, and they shall proceed to run and mark this boundary according to the stipulations of the said article. They shall make plats and keep journals of their proceedings, which shall be considered as part of this convention, and shall have the same force as if they were inserted therein. And if on any account it should be found necessary that the said Commissioners and Surveyors should be accompanied by guards, they shall be furnished in equal proportions by the commanding officer of His Majesty's troops in the two Floridas, and the commanding officer of the troops of the United States in their southwestern territory, who shall act by common consent, and amicably, as well with respect to this point as to the furnishing of provisions and instruments, and making every other arrangement which may be necessary or useful for the execution of this article. ARTICLE IV. It is likewise agreed that the western boundary of the United States Western boundwhich separates them from the Spanish colony of Louissiana, is in the ary. middle of the channel or bed of the River Mississippi, from the northern [See Article XII, boundary of the said States to the completion of the thirty-first degree treaty of 1819, P. of latitude north of the equator. And His Catholic Majesty has like- Navigation of the wise agreed that the navigation of the said river, in its whole breadth Mississippi River. from its source to the ocean, shall be free only to his subjects and the [See Article citizens of the United States, unless he should extend this privilege to XXII.] the subjects of other Powers by special convention. ARTICLE V. The two high contracting parties shall, by all the means in their ConductwithInpower, maintain peace and harmony among the several Indian nations dians. who inhabit the country adjacent to the lines and rivers, which, by the preceding articles, form the boundaries of the two Floridas. And the bet[t]er to obtain this effect, both parties oblige themselves expressly to restrain by force all hostilities on the part of the Indian nations living within their boundaries: so that Spain will not suffer her Indians to attack the citizens of the United States, nor the Indians inhabiting their territory; nor will the United States permit these last-mentioned Indians to commenee hostilities against the subjects of His Catholic Majesty or his Indians, in any manner whatever. And whereas several treaties of friendship exist between the two contracting parties and the said nations of Indians, it is hereby agreed that in future no treaty of alliance, or other whatever, (except treaties of peace,) shall be made by either party with the Indians living within the boundary of the other, but both parties will endeavour to make the advantages of the Indian trade common and mutually beneficial to their respective subjeots and citizens, observing in all things the most complete reciprocity; so that both parties may obtain the advantages arising from a good understanding with the said nations, without being sulbject to the expeuce which they have hitherto occasioned. R S IV 45 706 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE VI. Protection to yves- Each party shall endeavour, by all means in their power, to protect and sels. defend all vessels and other effects belonging to the citizens or subjects of the other, which shall be within the extent of their jurisdiction by sea or by land, and shall use all their efforts to recover, and cause to be restored to the right owners, their vessels and effects which may have been taken fron them within the extent of their said jurisdiction, whether they are at war or not with the Power whose subjects have taken possession of the said effects. ARTICLE VII. E m b argo or And it is agreed that the subjects or citizens of each of the contractdetention. ing parties, their vessels or effects, shall not be liable to any embargo or detention on the part of the other, for any military expedition or other Prosecutions for public or private purpose whatever; and in all cases of seizure, detendebt or crime. tion, or arrest for debts contracted, or offenses committed by any citizen or subject of the one party within the jurisdiction of the other, the same shall be made and prosecuted by order and authority of law only, and according to the regular course of proceedings usual in such cases. The adEmployment o fand citizens and subjects of both parties shall be allowed to employ such agents. advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper, in all their affairs, and in all their trials at law, in which they may be concerned, before the tribunals of the other party; and such agents shall have free access to be present at the proceedings in such causes, and at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials. ARTICLE VIII. Vessels seeking In case the subjects and inhabitants of either party, with their shiprefuge. ping, whether public and of war, or private and of merchants, be forced, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, or any other urgent necessity, for seeking of shelter and-harbor, to retreat and enter into any of the rivers, bays, roads, or ports belonging to the other party, they shall be received and treated with all humanity, and enjoy all favor, protection, and help, and they shall be permitted to refresh and provide themselves, at reasonable rates, with victuals and all things needful for the sustenance of their persons, or reparation of their ships and prosecution of their voyage; and they shall no ways be hindered from returning out of the said ports or roads, but may remove and depart when and whither they please, without any let or hindrance. ARTICLE IX. Captures by pi- All ships and merchandize, of what nature soever, which shall be rates. rescued out of the hands of any pirates or robbers on the high seas, shall be brought into some port of either state, and shall be delivered to the custody of the officers of that port, in order to be taken care of, and restored entire to the true proprietor, as soon as due and sufficient proof shall be made concerning the property thereof. ARTICLE X. Wrecked or dam- When any vessel of either party shall be wrecked, foundered, or otheraged vessels. wise damaged, on the coasts or within the dominion of the other, their respective subjects or citizens shall receive, as well for themselves as for their vessels and effects, the same assistance which would be due to the inhabitants of the country where the damage happens, and shall pay the same charges and dues only as the said inhabitants would be subject to pay in a like case; and if the operations of repair would require that the whole or any part of the cargo be unladen, they shall pay nlo duties, charges, or fees on the part which they shall relade and carry away. SPAIN, 1795. 707 ARTICLE XI. The citizens and subjects of each party shall have power to dispose Disposal and inof their personal goods, within the jurisdiction of the other, by testa- heritance of perment, donation, or otherwise, and their representatives being subjects or sonal property. citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their willi paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of the representative, such care shall be Estates of pertaken of the said goods, as would be taken of the goods of a native in Sons dying inteslike case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. tate. And if questions shall arise among several claimants to which of them the said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said goods are. And where, on the Heirs to real esdeath of any person holding real estate within the territories of the one tate. party, such real estate would by the laws of the land descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by being an alien, such subjects shall be allowed a reasonable time to sell the same, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt from all rights of detraction on the part of the Government of the respective States. ARTICLE XLI. The merchant-ships of either of the parties which shall be making Vessels to exhibinto a port belonging to the enemy of the other party, and concerning it passport, &c. whose voyage, and the species of goods on board her, there shall be just grounds of suspicion, shall be obliged to exhibit as well upon the high seas as inl the ports and havens, not only her passports, but likewise certificates, expressly shewing that her goods are not of the number of those which have been prohibited as contraband. ARTICLE XIII. For the better promoting of commerce on both sides, it is agreed, Privileges of that if a war shall break out between the said two nations, one year merchants in case after the proclamation of war shall be allowed to the merchants, in the of war. cities and towns where they shall live, for collecting and transporting their goods and merchandizes: And if anything be taken from them or any injury be done them within that term, by either party, or the people or subjects of either, full satisfaction shall be made for the same by the Government. ARTlCLE XIV. No subject of His Catholic Majesty shall apply for, or take any cor L e t te r s o f missiof or letters of marque, for arming any ship or ships to act as marque. privateers against the said United States, or against the citizens, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the said United States shall be at war. Nor shall any citizen, subject, or inhabitant of the said United States apply for or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the subjects of His Catholic Majesty, or the property of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the said King shall be at war. And if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque, he shall be punished as a pirate. ARTICLE XV. It shall be lawful for all and singular the subjects of His Catholic Neutral trade. Majesty, and the citizens, people, and inhabitants of the said United States, to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, 708 PUBLIC TREATIES. no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandizes laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are, or hereafter shall be, at enmity with His Catholic Majesty or the United States. It shall be likewise lawful for the subjects and inhabitants aforesaid, to sail with the ships and merchandizes aforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy aiforementioned, to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy, to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of the same Prince or under several; Free ships mlake and it is hereby stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to' free goods. goods, and that everything shall be deemed free and exempt which shall [See Article XII, be found on board the ships belonging to the subjects of either of the treaty of 1819, p. contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, 716.J should appartain to the enemies of either; contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, so that, although they be enemies to either party, they shall not be made prisoners or taken out of that free ship, unless they are soldiers and in actual service of the enemies. ARTICLE XVI. Contraband ar- This liberty of navigation and commnerce shall extend to all kinds tiles. of merchandizes, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended arms, great guns, bombs, with the fusees, and other things belonging to theim, cannon-ball, gunpowder, match, pikes, swords, lances, speards, halberds, mortars, petards, granades, salpetre, muskets, musket-balls, bucklers, helmets, breastplates, coats of mail, and the like kind of arms proper for arming soldiers, musket-rests, belts, horses with their furniture, and all other warArticles not con- like instruments whatever. These mnerchandizes which follows shall not traband. be reckoned among contraband or prohibited goods: That is to say. all sorts of cloths, and all other manuflctures woven of any wool, flax, silk, cotton, or any other materials whatever; all kinds of wearing apparel, together with all species whereof they are used to be madse; gold and silver, as well coined as uncoined, tin, iron, latton, copper, brass, coals, as also wheat, barley, oats, and any other kind of corn and pulse; tobacco, and likewise all manner of spices, salted and smnoked flesh, salted fish, cheese and butter, beer, oils, wines, sugars,:ind all sorts of salts, and in general all provisions which serve for the sustenance of life. Furthermore, all kinds of cotton, helnp, flax, tar, pitch, ropes; cables, sails, sail-cloths, anchors, and any parts of anchors; also ships' Blasts, planks, wood of all, kind. and all other things proper eith.er for building or repairing ships, and all other goods whatever which have not been worked into the form of any instrument prepared for war, by land or by sea, shall not be reputed contraband, much less such as have been already wrought and made up for any other use; all which shall be wholly reckoned among free goods, as likewise all other merchandizes and things which are not comprehended and particularly mentioned in the foregoing enumeration of contraband goods; so that they may be transported and carried in the freest manner by the subjects of both parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, such towns or places being only excepted as are at that time besieged, blocked up, or invested. And except the cases in which any ship of war or squadron shall, in consequence of storms or otlier accidents at sea, be under the necessity of taking the cargo of any trading vessel or vessels, in which case they may stop the said vessel or vessels, acnd furuish thenselves with necessaries, giving a receipt, in order thtt the Power to whom the said ship of war belongs may pay for the articles so taken according to the price thereof, at the port to which they may appear to SPAIN, 1795. 709 have been. destined by the ship's papers: and the two contracting parties engage, that the vessels shall not be detained longer than Mlay be absolutely necessary for their said ships to supply themselves with necessaries; that they will immediately pay the value of the receipts, and indemnify the proprietor for all losses which he may have sustained in consequence of such transaction. ARTICLE XVII. To the end that all manner of dissentions and quarrels may be avoided Sea-let t e r s o r and prevented on one side and the other, it is agreed, that in case either passports. of the parties hereto should be engaged in a war, the ships and vessels belonging to the subjects or people of the other party must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of the said ship, that it may appear thereby that the ship really and truly belongs to the subjects of one of the parties, which passport shall be made out and granted according to the form annexed to this treaty.* They shall likewise be recalled every year, that is, if the ship happens to return home within the space of a year. It is likewise agreed, that such ships being laden, are to be provided not only with passports as above mentioned, but also with certificates, containing the several particulars of the cargo, the place whence the ship sailed, that so it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed in the accustomed form: And if any one shall think it fit or advisable to express in the said certificates the person to whom the goods on board belong, he may freely do so. Without which requisites they may be sent to one of the ports of the other contracting party, and adjudged by the competent tribunal, according to what is above set forth, that all the circumstances of this omission having been well examined, they shall be ad.jadged to be legal prizes, unless they shall give legal satisfaction of their property by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XViIL If the ships of the said subjects, people, or inhabitants, of either of Regulatio n of the parties shall be met with, either sailing along the coasts [or] on the visits at sea. high seas, by any ship of war of the other, or by any privateer, the said ship of war or privateer, for the avoiding of any disorder, shall renlain out of cannon-shot, and may send their boats aboard the merchant-ship, which they shall so meet with, and may enter her to number of two or three men only, to whom the master or commander of such ship or vessel shall exhibit his passports, concerning the property of the ship, made out according to the form inserted in this present treaty; and the ship, when she shall.have shewed such passports, shall be free and at liberty to pursue her voyage, so as it shall not be lawful to molest or give her chace in any manner, or force her to quit her intended course. ARTICLE XIX. Consuls shall be reciprocally established, with the privileges and Consuls. powers which those of the most favoured nations enjoy, in the ports where their Consuls reside'or are permitted to be. ARTICLE XX. It is also agreed that the inhabitants of the territories of each party Access to courts shall respectively have free access to the courts of justice of the other, of justice. * The form of passport referred to in this article is not annexed either to the original treaty signed by the negotiators, or to the copy bearing the ratification of the King of Spain, on file in the Department of State. 710 PUBLIC TREATIES. and they shall be-permitted to prosecute suits for the recovery of their properties, the payment of their debts, and for obtaining satisfaction for the damages which they may have sustained, whether the persons whom they may sue be subjects or citizens of the country in which they may be found, or Any other persons whatsoever, who may have taken refuge therein; and the proceedings and sentences of the said courts shall be the same as if the contending parties had been subjects or citizens of the said country. ARTICLE XXI. Settlem en t of In order to terminate all differences on account of the losses sustained claims of citizens by the citizens of the United States in consequence of their vessels and of United States. [See Article XII cargoes having been taken by the subjects of His Catholic Majesty, durtreaty of 1819, p. ing the late war between Spain and France, it is agreed that all such 716.] cases shall be referred to the final decision of Commissioners, to be Appointment of appointed in the following manner. His Catholic Majesty shall name commissioners. one Commissioner, and the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, shall appoint another, and the said two Commissioners shall agree on the choice of a third, or if they cannot agree so, they shall each proposs one person, and of the two names so proposed, one shall be drawn by lot in the presence of the two original Commissioners, and the person whose name shall be so drawn Oath. shall be the third Commissioner; and the three Commissioners so appointed shall be sworn impartially to examine and decide the claims in question, according to the merits of the several cases, and to justice, Meetings. equity, and the laws of nations. The said Commissioners shall meet Vacancies. and sit at Philadelphia; and in the case of the death, sickness, or necessary absence of any such Commissioner, his place shall be supplied in the same manner as he was first appointed, and the new Commissioner Duties. shall take the same oaths, and do the same duties. They shall receive all complaints and applications authorized by this article, during eighteen mofiths from the day on which they shall assemble. They shall have power to examine all such persons as come before them on oath or affirllation, touching the complaints in question, and also to receive in evidence all written testimony, authenticated in such manner as they shall Award to be final. think proper to require or admit. The award of the said Commissioners, or any two of them, shall be final and conclusive, both as to the justice of the claim and the amount of the sum to be paid to the claimants; P a y m e n t of and His Catholic Majesty undertakes to cause the same to be paid in award. specie, without deduction, at such times and places, and under such conditions as shall be awarded by the said Commissioners. ARTICLE XXII. Mutualfavors to The two high contracting parties, hoping that the good correspondcommerce. ence and friendship which happily reigns between- them will be further increased by this treaty, and that it will contribute to augment their prosperity and opulence, will in future give to their mutual commerce all the extension and favor which the advantage of both countries may require. Store-houses at And in consequence of the stipulations contained in the IV article, New Orleans. His Catholic Majesty will permit the citizens of the United States, for [See Article XII, the space of three years from this time, to deposit their merchandize and treaty of 1819, P. effects in the port of New-Orleans, and to export them from thence with71.] nnout paying any other duty than a fair price for the hire of the stores; and His Majesty promises either to continue this permission, if he finds during that time that it is not prejudicial to the interests of Spain, or if he should not agree to continue it there, he will assign to them on another part of the banks of the Mississippi an equivalent establishment. SPAIN, 1802. 711 ARTICLE XXIII. The present treaty shall not be in force untill ratified by the contract- Ratifications. ing parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in six months from this time, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof we, the underwritten Plenipotentiaries of His Signatures. Catholic Majesty and of the United States of America, have signed this present treaty of friendship, limits, and navigation, and have thereunto affixed our seals respectively. Done at San Lorenzo el Real, this seven and twenty day of October, Date. one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five. THOMAS PINCKNEY. [L. s.] EL PRINCIPE DE LA PAZ. [L. s.] SPAIN, 1802. CONVENTION WITH SPAIN FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED August 11, 1802. AT MADRID AUGUST 11, 1802; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 9, 1804; RATIFIED BY. PRESIDENT JANUARY 9, 1804; RATIFIED BY THE KING OF SPAIN JIJLY 9,1818; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON DECEMBER 21, 1818; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 22, 1818. LThis convention was annulled by the tenth article of treaty of February 22, 1819.] A convention between his Catholic Majesty and the United States of America, for the indemnification of those who have sustained losses, damages, or injuries, in consequences of the excesses of individuals, of either nation, during the late war, contrary to the existing treaty, or the laws of nations. His Catholic Majesty and the Government of the United States of Contracting parAmerica, wishing amicably to adjust the claims which have arisen from ties. the excesses committed during the late war, by individuals of either nation, contrary to the laws of nations or the treaty existing between the two countries, His Catholic Majesty has given, for this purpose, full powers to His Excellency D" Pedro Cevallos, Councellor of State, Gentle- Negotiators. man of the Bed-Chamber in employment, first Secretary of State and Universal Despatch, and Superintendent General of the Posts and PostOffices in Spain and the Indies; and the Government of the United States.of America to Charles Pinckney, a citizen of the said States, and their Minister Plenipotentiary near His Catholic Majesty; who have agreed as follows: 1st. A Board of Commissioners shall be formed, composed of five Appointment of Commissioners, two of whom shall be appointed by His Catholic Majesty, comissoners. two others by the Government of the United States, and the fifth by common consent; and in case they should not be able to agree on a person for the fifth Commissioner, each party shall name one, and leave the decision to lot; and hereafter, in case of the death, sickness, or necessary absence of any of those already appointed, they shall proceed in the same manner to the appointment of persons to replace them. 2d. The appointment of the Commissioners being thus made, each Oath of commisone of them shall take an oath to examine, discuss, and decide on the sioners. claims, which they are to judge, according to the laws of nations and the existing treaty, and with the impartiality justice may dictate. Ord. The Commissioners shall meet and hold their sessions in Madrid, Meeting of comwhere, within the term of eighteen months (to be reckoned from the day missioners. on which they may assemble) they shall receive all claims which, in consequence of this convention, may be made, as well by the subjects of His Catholic Majesty as by citizens of the United States of America, who mlay have a right to demand compensation for the losses, damages, or injuries sustained by them, in consequence of the excesses committed by Spanish sulbjects or American citizens. 712 PUBLIC TREATIES. Examination of 4th. The Commissioners are authorized, by the said contracting parties, claims. to hear and examine, on oath, every question relative to the said demands, and to receive as worthy of credit all testimony the authenticity of which cannot reasonably be doLubted. Decisions to be 5th. From the decisions of the Commissioners there shall be no appeal; rfinal. and the agreement of three of them shall give full force and effect to their decisions, as well with respect to the justice of the claims as to the amount of the indemnification which may be adjudged to the claimPa yment of ants; the said contracting parties obliging themselves to satisfy the awards. said awards in specie, without deduction, at the times and places poiDnted out, and under the conditions which may be expressed by the Board of Commissioners. Reserved claims. 6th. It not having been possible for the said Plenipotentiaries to agree upon a mode by which the above-mentioned Board of Commissioners should arbitrate the claims originating from the excesses of foreign cruizers, agents, Consuls, or tribunals. in their respective territories, which might be imputable to their two Goverlments, they have expressly agreed that each Government shall reserve (as it does by this convention) to itself, its subjects or citizens respectively, all the rights which they now have,'and under which they may hereafter bring forward their claims, at such times as may be most convenient to them. Ratifications. 7th. The present convention shall have no force or effect until it be ratified by the contracting parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged as soon as possible. Sighiatures. In faith whereof we, the underwritten Plenipotentiaries, have signed Date. this convention, and have affixed thereto our respective seals. Done at Madrid this 11th day of August, 1802. PEDRO CEVALLOS. [L. s.] CHARLES PINC:KNEY. L. s.] SPAIN, 1819. Feb.22, 1819. TREATY OF AMITY, SETTLEMENT, AND LIMITS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS CATHOLIC MAJESTY, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON FEBRUARY 22, 1819; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 24, 1819; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFIED BY THE KING OF SPAIN OCTOBER 24, 1820; RATIFICATION AGAIN ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 19,1821; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT' FEBRUARY 22, 1821; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON FEBRUARY 22,1821; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY'22, 1821. Treaty of amity, settlement, and limits between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Catholic Maiestv, desiring to ties. consolidate, on a permanent basis, the friendship and good correspondence which happily prevails between the two parties, have determined to settle and terminate all their differences and pretensions, by a treaty, which shall designate, with precision, the limits of their respective bordering territories in North America. Negotiators. With this intention the President of the United States has furnished with their full powers John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State of the said United States; and His Catholic Majesty has appointed the Most Excellent Lord Don Luis De Onis, Gonzales, Lopez y Vara, Lord of the town of Rayaces, Perpetual Regidor of the Corporation of the city of Salamanca, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal American Order of Isabella the Catholic, decorated with the Lys of La Vendee, Knight Pensioner of the Roy~al and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles the Third, Member of the Supreme Assembly of the said Royal Order; of the Council of His Catholic Majesty; His Secretary, with Exercise of Decrees, and His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary near the United States of America; SPAIN, 1819. 713 And the said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their powers, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be a firm and inviolable peace and sincere friendship Peace and friendbetween the United States and their citizens and His Catholic Ma- ship. jesty, his successors and subjects, without exception of persons or places. ARTICLE II. His Catholic Majesty cedes to the United States, in full property and Cessiou of t h e sovereignty, all the territories which belong to him, situated to the Floridas. eastward of the Mississippi, known by the name of East and West Florida. The adjacent islands dependent on said provinedS, all public Islands, &c., inlots and squares, vacant lands, public edifices, fortifications, barracks, cluded in cession. and other buildings, which are not private property, archives and documents, which relate directly to the property and sovereignty of said provinces, are included in this article. The said archives and documents shall be left in possession of the commissaries or officers of the United States, duly authorized to receive them. ARTICLE III. The boundary line between the two countries, west of the Mississippi, Boundary 1 i ne shall begin on the Gulph of Mexico, at the mouth of the river Sabine, west of the Missisin the sea, continuing north, along the western bank of that river, to sippi. the 32d degree of latitude; thence, by a line due north, to the degree of latitude where it strikes the Rio Roxo of iNachitoches, or Red River; then following the course of the 1Rio Roxo westward, to the degree of longitude 100 west from London and 23 from Washington; then, crossing the said Red Rliver, and running thence, by a line due north, to the river Arkansas; thence, following the course of the southern bank of the Arkansas, to its source, in latitude 42 north; and thence, by that parallel of latitude, to the South Sea.: The whole being as laid down in Melish's map of the United States, published at Philadelphia, improved to the first of January, 1818. But if the source of the Arkansas River shall be found to fall north or south of latitude 42, then the line shall run from the said source due south or north, as the case may be, till it meets the said parallel of latitude 42, and thence, along the said parallel, to the South Sea: All the islands in the Sabine, and the said lRed and Arkansas Rivers, throughout the course thus described, to belong to the United States; but the use of the waters, and the nay- use of the Saigation of the Sabine to the sea, and of the said rivers Roxo and biue, Red, and ArArkansas, throughout the extent of the said boundary, on their re- kansas Rivers. spective banks, shall be common to the respective inhabitants of both nations. The two high contracting parties agree to cede and renounce all their Muttual renuncirights. claims, and pretensions, to the territories described by the said ations. line, that is to say: The United States hereby cede to His Catholic Majesty, and renounce forever, all their rights, claims, and pretensions, tothe territories lying west and south of the above-described line; and, in like manner, His Catholic Majesty cedes to the said United States all his rights, claims, and pretensions to any territories east and north of the said line, and for himself, his heirs, and successors, renounces all claim to the said territories forever. ARTICLE IV. To fix this line with more precision, and to place the landmarks Commissioner which shall designate exactly the limits of both nations, each of the a nd surveyor to contracting parties shall appoint a Commissioner and a surveyor, \who line. 714 PUBLIC TREATIES. shall meet before the termination of one year from the date of the ratification of this treaty at Nachitoches, on the Red River, and proceed to run and mark the said line, from the mouth of the Sabine to the Red River, and from the Red River to the river Arkansas, and to ascertain the latitude of the source of the said river Arkansas, in conformity to what is above agreed upon and stipulated, and the line of latitude 42, to the South Sea: they shall make out plans, and keep journals of their proceedings, and the result agreed upon by them shall be considered as part of this treaty, and shall have the same force as if it were inserted therein. The two Governments will amicably agree respecting the necessary articles to be furnished to those persons, and also as to their respective escorts, should such be deemed necessary. ARTICLE V. Inhabitan t s of The inhabitants of the ceded territories shall be secured in the free ceded territory. exercise of their religion, without any restriction; and all those who may desire to remove to the Spanish dominions shall be permitted to sell or export their effects, at any time whatever, without being sublject, in either case, to duties. ARTICLE VI. Incorporation in The inhabitants of the territories which His Catholic Majesty cedes the Union. to the United States, by this treaty, shall be incorporated in the Union of the United States, as soon as may be consistent with the principles of the Federal Constitution, and admitted to the enjoyment of all the privileges, rights, and immunities of the citizens of the United States. ARTICLE VII. Spanish troops to The officers and troops of His Catholic Majesty, in the territories be withdrawn. hereby ceded by him to the United States, shall be withdrawn, and possession of the places occupied by them shall be given within six months after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, or sooner if possible, by the officers of His Catholic Majesty to the commissioners or officers of the United States duly appointed to receive them; and the United States shall furnish the transports and escort necessary to convey the Spanish officers and troops and their baggage to the Havana. ARTICLE VIII. Grants of land All the grants of land made before the 24th of January, 1818, by His before January 24, Catholic Majesty, or by his lawful authorities, in the said territories 1818. ceded by His Majesty to the United States, shall be ratified and confirmed to the persons in possession of the lands, to the same extent that the same grants would be valid if the territories had remained under Compliance with the dominion of His Catholic Majesty. But the owners in possession of conditions. such lands, who, by reason of the recent circumstances of the Spanish nation, and the revolutions in Europe, have been prevented flom fulfilling all the conditions of their grants, shall complete them within the terms limited in the same, respectively, from the date of this treaty; in Grantssince Jan- default of which the said grants shall be null and void. All grants uary 24, 1818. made since the said 24th of January, 1818, when the first proposal, on [See Rafific a- the part of His Catholic Majesty, for the cession of the Floridas was tion by King of Spain, pp.717,718.] made, are hereby declared and agreed to be null and void. ARTICLE IX. Renunciation of The two high contracting parties, animated with the most earnest claimns. desire of conciliation, and with the object of putting an end to all the differences which have existed between them, and of confirming the SPAIN, 1819. 715 good understanding which they wish to be forever maintained between them, reciprocally renounce all claims for damages or injuries which they, themselves, as well as their respective citizens and subjects, may have suffered until the time of signing this treaty. The renunciation of the United States will extend to all the injuries By the United mentioned in the convention of the 11th of August, 1802. tatet 2. To all claims on account of prizes made by French privateers, and condemned bv French Consuls, within the territory and jurisdiction of Spain. 3. To all claims of indemnities on account of the suspension of the right of deposit at New Orleans in 1802. 4. To all claims of citizens of the United States upon the Government of Spain, arising from the unlawful seizures at sea, and in the ports and territories of Spain, or the Spanish colonies. 5. To all claims of citizens of the United States upon the Spanish Government, statements of which, soliciting the interposition of the Government of the United States, have been presented to the Departmlent of State, or to the Minister of the United States in Spain, since the date of the convention of 1802, and until the signature of this treaty. The renunciation of His Catholic Majesty extends- By Spain. 1. To all the injuries mentioned in the convention of the 11th of August, 1802. 2. To the sums which His Catholic Majesty advanced for the return of Captain Pike from the Provincias Internas. 3. To all injuries caused by the expedition of Miranda, that was fitted out and equipped at New York. 4. To all claims of Spanish subjects upon the Government of the United States arizing from unlawful seizures at sea, or within the ports and territorial jurisdiction of the United States. Finally, to all the claims of subjects of His Catholic Majesty upon the Government of the United States in which the interposition of his Catholic Majesty7s Government has been solicited, before the date of this treaty and since the date of the convention of 1802, or which may have been made to the department of foreign affairs of His Majesty, or to his Minister in the United States. And the high contracting parties, respectively, renounce all claim to By both parties. indemnities for any of the recent events or transactions of their respective commanders and officers in the Floridas. The United States will cause satisfaction to be made for the injuries, Satisfaction for if any, which, by process of law, shall be established to have been suf- injuries to inhabfered by the Spanish officers, and individual Spanish inhabitants, by the late operations of the American Army in'Florida. ARTICLE X. The convention entered into between the two Governments, on the Convention of 11th of August, 1802, the ratifications of which were exchanged the Aug., 1802, an21st December, 1818, is annulled. [See pp. 711,712.] ARTICLE XI. The United States, exonerating Spain from all demands in future, on United States to account of the claims of their citizens to which the renunciations herein satisfy claims of contained extend, and considering them entirely cancelled, undertake its citizens. to make satisfaction for the same, to an amount not exceeding five millions of dollars. To ascertain the full amount and validity of those Commission to claims, a commission, to consist of three Commissioners, citizens of the be appointed. United States, shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, which commission shall meet at the missiong comcity of Washington, and, within the space of three years from the time Duration of cornof their first meeting, shall receive, examine, and decide upon the mission. 716 PUBLIC TREATIES. amount and validity of all the claims included within the descriptions Oath or affirma- above mentioned. The said Commissioners shall take an oath or affirtion. ation, to be entered on the record of their proceedlings, for the faithful Vacancies. and diligent discharge of their duties; and, in case of the death, sickness, or necessary absence of any such Commissioner, his i)lace may be supplied by the appointment, as atforesaid, or by the President of the United States, during the recess of the Senate, of another Commissioner Examination of in his stead. The said Commissioners shall be authorized to hear and claims, examine, on oath, every question relative to the said claims, and to receive all suitable authentic testimony concerning the same. And the Documents to be Spanish Government shall furnish all such documents and elucidations furnished. as may be in their possession, for the adjustment of the said claims, [See treaty of according to the principles of justice, the laws of nations, and the stip1795, pp. 704-711.] ulations of the treaty between the two parties of 27th October, 1795; the said documents to be specified, when demanded, at the instance of the said Commissioners. Payment of The payment of such claims as may be admitted and adjusted by the claims. said Commissioners, or the major part of them, to an amount not exceedLimit to amount. ing five millions of dollars, shall be made by the United States, either immediately at their Treasury, or by the creation of stock, bearing an interest of six per cent. per annum, payable from the proceeds of sales ot public lands within the territories hereby ceded to the United States, or in such other manner as the Congress of the United States may prescribe by law. Records of comrn- The records of the proceedings of the said Commissioners, together mission. with the vouchers and documents produced before them, relative to the claims to be adjusted and decided upon by them, shall, after the close of their transactions, be deposited in the Department of State of the Copies to the United States; and copies of them, or any part of them, shall be furSpanish Govern- nished to the Spanish Government, if required, at the demand of the ment. Spanish Minister in the United States. ARTICLE XII. Treaty of 1795 The treaty of limits and navigation, of 1795, remains confirmed in all confirmed. and each one of its articles excepting the 2, 3, 42 21, and the second clause Exceptions. of the 22d article, which having been altered by this treaty, or having received their entire execution, are no longer valid. Neutral fiagcov- With respect to the 15th article of the same treaty of friendship, ering n en m i e' limits, and navigation of 1795, in which it is stipulated that the flag ]property. shall cover the property, the two high contracting parties agree that [See p, 708.] this shall be so understood with respect to those Powers who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third party, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose Government acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XIII. Deserters from Both contracting parties, wishing to favour their mutual commerce, esse8k1~.by affording in their ports every necessary assistance to their respective merchant-vessels, have agreed that the sailors who shall desert from their vessels in the ports of the other, shall be arrested and delivered up, at the instance of the Consul, who shall prove, nevertheless, that the deserters belonged to the vessels that claimed them, exhibiting the document that is customary in their nation: that is to say, the American Consul in a Spanish port shall exhibit the document known by the name of articles, and the Spanish Consul in American ports the roll of the vessel; and it' the name of the deserter or deserters who are claimed shall appear in the one or the other, they shall be arrested, held in custody, and delivered to the vessel to which they shall belong. SPAIN, 1819. 7 17 ARTICLE XIV. The United States hereby certifry that they have not received any Statement as to France. compensation from France for the injuries they suffered from her privateers, Consuls, and tribunals on the coasts and in the ports of Spain, for the satisfaction of which provision is made by this treaty; and they will present an authentic statement of the prizes made, and of their true value, that Spain may avail herself of the same in such manner as she mlay deem just and proper. ARTICLE XV. The United States, to give to His Catholic Majesty a proof of their Privileges to desire to cement the relations of amity subsisting between the two na- Florida ports. i tions, and to favour the commerce of the subjects of His Catholic Majesty, agree that Spanish vessels, coming laden only with productions of Spanish growth or manufactures, directly from the ports of Spain, or of her colonies, shall be admitted, for the term of twelve years, to the ports of Pensacola and St. Augustine, in the Floridas, without paying other or higher duties on their cargoes, or of tonnage, than will be paid by the vessels of the United States. During the said term no other nation shall enjoy the same privileges within the ceded territories. The twelve years shall commence three months after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty. ARTICLE XVI. The present treaty shall be ratified in due form, by the contracting Ratifications. parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in six months from this time, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof we, the underwritten Plenipotentiaries of the Signatures. United States of America and of His Catholic Majesty, have signed, by virtue of our powers, the present treaty of amity, settlement, and limits, and have thereunto affixed our seals, respectively. Done at Washington this twenty-second day of February, one thou- Date. sand eight hundred and nineteen. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. [L. s.] LUIS DE ONIS. [L. s.] Ratification * by His Catholic Majesty, on the twenty-fou)'th day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty. Ferdinand the Seventh, by the Grace of God and by the constitution Ratification by of the Spanish monarchy, King of the Spains. the King of Spain. Whereas on the twenty-second day of February, of the year one thousand eight hundred and nineteen last past, a treaty was concluded and signed in the city of Washington, between Don Luis de Onis, my Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, and John Quincy Adams, Esquire, Secretary of State of the United States of America, competently authorized by both parties, consisting of sixteen articles, which had for their object the arrangement of differences and of limits between both Governments and their respective territories, which are of the following form and literal tenor: [Here follows the above treaty, word for word.] Therefore, having seen and examined the sixteen articles aforesaid, and having first obtained the consent and authority of the General Cortes of the nation with respect to the cession mentioned and stipulated in the 2d and 3d articles, I approve and ratify all and every one of the * Transl;ation. 718 PUBLIC TREATIES. articles referred to, and the clauses which are contained in them; and, in virtue of these presents, I approve and ratify them; promising, on the faith and word of a King, to execute and observe them, and to cause them to be executed and observed eintirely as if I myself had signed them; and that the circumstance of ha\ving exceeded the term of six months, fixed orfthe exchange of the ratifications in the 16th article, may afford no obstacle in any manner, it is my deliberate will that the present ratification be as valid and firm, and produce the same effects, as if it had been done within the determined period. Desirous at the same time of avoiding any doubt or ambiguity concerning the meaning of the 8th article of the said treaty, in respect to the date which is pointed out in it as the period for the confirmation of the grants of lands in the Floridas, made by me, or by thle competent authorities in my royal name, which point of date was fixed in the positive understanding of Grauts of land the three grants of land made in favor of the Duke of Alagon, the Count annulled. of Punonrostro, and Don Pedro de Vargas, being annulled by its tenor, I think proper to declare that the said three grants have remained and do remain entirely annulled and invalid; and that neither the three individuals mentioned, nor those who may have title or interest through them, can avail themselves of the said grants at any time, or in any manner; under which explicit declaration the said 8th article is to be understood as ratified. In the faith of all which I have commanded to Signature. despatch these presents. Signed by my hand, sealed with my secret seal, and countersigned by the underwritten my Secretary of Despatch of State. Date. Given at Madrid, the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand eight hundred and twenty. - ~'FERNANDO. EVARISTO PEREZ DE CASTRO. [Copies of the grants annulled by the foregoing treaty will be found in United States Statutes at Large, volume 8, pp. 267-273.] SPAIN, 1834. Feb. 17, 1834. CONVENTION WITH SPAIN FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT MADRID FEBRUARY 17, 1834; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 13, 1834; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT MADRID AUGUST 14, 1834; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 1, 1834. Convention for the settlement of Claimns between the United States of America and Her Catholic Majesty. Contracting par- The Government of the United States of America and Her Majesty ties. the Queen Regent, Governess of Spain during the minority of her august daughter, Her Catholick Majesty Donna Ysabel the 2d, from a desire of adjusting by a definitive arrangement the claims preferred by each party against the other, and thus removing all grounds of disagreement, as also of strengthening the ties of friendship and good understanding which happily subsist between the two nations, have appointed for this purpose, as their respective Plenipotentiaries, namely: Negotiators. The President of the United States, Cornelius P. Van Ness, a citizen of the said States, and their Envoy -Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary near Her Catholick Majesty Donna Ysabel the 2d; and Her Majesty the Queen Regent, in the name and behalf of Her Catholick Majesty Donna Ysabel the 2d, His Excellency Don Jos6 de Heredia, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal American Order of Ysabel the Catholick, one of Her Majesty's Supreme Council of Finance, ex-Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, and President of the Royal Junta of Appeals of Credits against France; -Who, after having exchanged their respective full powers, have agreed upon the following articles: SPAIN, 1834. 719 ARTICLE I. Her Majesty the Queen Regent and Governess, in the name and ill Sum to be paid behalf of Her Catholick Majesty Donna Ysabel the 2d, engages to pay St t es e U i t d to the United States, as the balance on account of the claims aforesaid, the sum of twelve millions of rials vellon in one or several inscriptions, as preferred by the Government of the United States, of perpetual rents, on the great book of the consolidated debt of Spain, bearing an interest of five per cent. per annum. Said inscription or inscriptions shall be issued in conformity with the model or formn annexed to CSee p720.] this convention, and shall be delivered in Madrid to such person or persons as may be authorized by the Government of the United States to receive them, within four months after the exchange of the ratifications. And said inscriptions, or the proceeds thereof, shall be distributed by the Government of the United States among the claimants entitled thereto, in such manner as it may deem just and equitable. ARTICLE II. The interest of the aforesaid inscription or inscriptions shall be paid Interest. in Paris every six months, and the first half-yearly payment is to be made six months after the exchange of the ratifications of this convention. ARTICLE III. The high contracting parties, in virtue of the stipulations contained Cancellation of in article first, reciprocally renounce, release, and cancel all claims claims. which either may have upon the other, of whatever class, denomination, or origin they may be, from the twenty-second of February, one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, untill the time of signing this convention. ARTICLE IV. On the request of the Minister Plenipotentiary of Her Catholick Maj- List of clairns. esty at Washington, the Governinent of the United States will deliver to himn in six months after the exchange of the reatifications of this convention, a note or list of the claims of American citizens against the Government of Spain, specifying their amounts respectively, and three years afterwards, or sooner if possible, authentic copies of all the documents upon which they may have been founded. -ARTICLE V. This convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be ex- Ratifications. changed, in Madrid, in six months from this time, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed these Signatures. articles and affixed thereto their seals. Done in triplicate at Madrid, this seventeenth day of February, one Date. thousand eight hundred and thirty-four. C. P. VAN NESS. [L. S.] JOS]~ DE HEREDIA. [L. S.] 720 PUBLIC TREATIES. Form of inscrip- The following is the form, or model, of the inscription: tion. No. Renta perpetua de Espalia, Cupon de pagadera en Paris pesos fuertes de 6 razon de 5 p. 0-0 al alio, renta pagadero en inscrita en el gran libro de la Deuda consolidada. de de 183 Esta Inscripcion se expide A consecuencia de un conCupon No. 1~. venio celebrado en Madrid en do de entre S. M. Catolica la Reyna de Espalia y los Estados Unidos de America, para el pago de las reclainmaciones de los ciudadanos de dichos Estados. INSCRIPCION NO. Capital. IRelnta. Pesos fuertes Pesos fuertes 6 sean francos 6 sean francos El portador de la presento tiene derecho A unla renta anual do pesos fuertes, 6 sea de francos, pagaderos en Paris por semestres, en los dias de y de por los bancqueros de Espafia en aquella capital, 6 razon de 5 francos y 40 centimos por peso finerte, con arreglo al RI. decreto de 15 de Diciernbre de 1825. Consiguiente al mismo real decreto se destina cada anbo 5 la amortizacion de esta renta uno por ciento de su valor nominal,, interes compuesto, cuyo iinporte sera empleado en su amortizacion periodica al curso corriente por dichos banqueros.-Madrid, de de El Secretairio de Estado y del Despacho de Hacienda. El Director de la El. Caja de Amortizacion. In witness whereof we, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries of IH. Catholic M. tle Queen of Spain and of the United States of America, have signled this model, and have affixed thereunto our seals. D)one at Madrid, this day of JOSIE DE HEREDIA. [L. S.] C. P. VAN NESS. [ L. s.] SPAIN, 1871. Feb. 12,1871. AGREEMENT FOR SETTLEMENT OF CERTAIN CLAIMS OF CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES ON ACCOUNT OF WRONGS AND INJURIES COMMITTED BY AUTHORITIES OF SPAIN IN THE ISLAND OF CUBA, CONCLUDED AT MADRID FEB3RUARY 12, 1871, BY DANIEL E. SICKLES, ESQ., ENVOY EXTRAORDINARY AND MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES AT MADRID, AND HIS EXCELLENCY SENlOR DON CRISTINO MARTOS, MINISTER OF STATE OF SPAIN. Memorandum of Memorandum of an arbitration for the settlement of the claims of citiagreement. zens of the United States, or of their heirs, against the Government of Spain for wrongs and injuries committed against their persons and property, or against the persons and property of citizens of whom the said heirs are the legal representatives, by the authorities of Spain, in the island of Cuba, or within the maritime jurisdiction thereof, since the commencement of the present insurrection. Claimsto be sub- 1. It is agreed that all such claims shall be submitted to arbitrators, mitted to arbitra- one to be appointed by the Secretary of State of the Unlited States, tors. another by the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Spain at Washington, and these two to name an umpire who shall deSelection of um- cide all questions upon which they shall be unable to agree; and in case pire. the place of either arbitrator or of the umpire shall from any cause be. come vacant, such vacancy shall be filled forthwith in the manner herein provided for the original appointment. Meeting of arbi- 2. The arbitrators and umpire so named shall meet at Washington trators. within one month from the date of their appoinltment, alnd shall, befre proceeding to business, makze and subscribe a solemn declaration that SPAIN, 1871. 721 they will impartially hear and determine, to the best of their judgment, Declaration. and according to public law and the treaties in force between the two countries and these present stipulations, all such claims as shall, in conformity with this agreement, be laid before them on the part of the Government of the United States; and such declaration shall be entered upon their record of the proceedings. 3. Each Government macy name an advocate to appear before the ar- Counsel for each bitrators or the umpire, to represent the interests of the parties respect- Government. ively. 4. The arbitrators shall have full power, subject to these stipulations, Rules to be preand it shall be their duty, before proceeding with the hearing and decis- scribed. ion of any case, to make and publish convenient rules prescribing the time and manner of the presentation of claims and of the proof thereof; and any disagreement with reference to the said rules of proceeding shall be decided by the umpire. It is understood that a reasonable Presentation of period shall be allowed for the presentation of the proofs; that all claims, claims. and the testimony in favor of them, shall be presented only through the Government of the United States; that the award made in each case Payment of shall be in writing, and, if indemnity be given, the sum to be paid shall awards. be expressed in the gold coin of the United States. 5. The arbitrators shall have jurisdiction of all claims presented to Jurisdiction of them by the Government of the United States for injuries done to citi- arbitrators. zens of the United States by the authorities of Spain, in Cuba, since the first day of October, 1868. Adjudications of the tribunals in Cuba concerning citizens of the United States, made in the absence of the parties interested, or in violation of international law or of the guarantees and forms provided for in the treaty of October 27, 1795, between [Seo pp. 704-711.] the United States and Spain, may be reviewed by the arbitrators, who shall make such award in any such case as they shall deem just. No judgment of a Spanish tribunal, disallowing the affirmation of a party that he is a citizen of the United States, shall prevent the'arbitrators from hearing a reclamation presented in behalf of said party by the United States Government; nevertheless, in any case heard by the arbitrators, the Spanish Government mlay traverse the allegation of American citizenship, and thereupon competent and sufficient proof thereof will be required. The commission having recognized the quality of American citizens in the claimants, they will acquire the rights accorded to them by the present stipulations as such citizens. And it is further agreed that the arbitrators shall not have jurisdiction of any reclamation made in behalf of a native-born Spanish subject, naturalized in the United States, if it shall appear that the same subject-matter having been adjudicated by a competent tribunal in Cuba, and the claimant, having appeared therein, either in person or by his duly appointed attorney, and being required by the laws of Spain to make a declaration of his nationality, failed to declare that he was a citizen of the United States; in such case, and for the purposes of this arbitration, it shall be deemed and taken that the claimant, by his own default, had renounced his allegiance to the United States. And it is further agreed that the arbitrators shall not have jurisdiction of any demands growing out of contracts. 6. The expenses of the arbitration will be defrayed by a percentage Expenses of the to be added to the amount awarded. The compensation of the arbitra- arbitration. tors and umpire shall not exceed three thousand dollars each; the same allowance shall be made to each of the two advocates representing respectively the two Governments; and the arbitrators may employ a secretary at a compensation not exceeding the sum of five dollars a day for every day actually and necessarily given to the business of the arbitration. 7. Tile two Governments will accept the awards made in the several Awards to be cases slubmitted to the said arbitration as final and conclusive, and will colnclusive. give full effect to the same in good faith and as soon as possible. n S IV,46 722 PUBLIC TREATIES. SWEDEN. SWEDEN, 1783. April 3,1783. TREATY BETWEEN THE KING OF SWEDEN AND THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA, OF AMITY AND COMMERCE, AND SEPARATE ARTICLES, CONCLUDED AT PARIS APRIL 3, 1783; RATIFIED BY THE KING OF SWEDEN MAY 23, 1783; RATIFIED BY CONGRESS JULY 29, 1783; PROCLAIMED BY CONGRESS SEPTEMBER 25, 1783. [This treaty terminated by the limitation contained in the first separate article, fifteen years after the exchange of ratifications, but was revived in part by Article XII of the treaty of 1816, and was again revived in part by Article XVII of the treaty of 1827.] Treaty of amity and commerce, concluded between His iMajesty the King of Sweden and the United States of North America.* Contracting par- The King of Sweden, of the Goths and Vandals, &c., &c., &c., and ties. the thirteen United States of North America, to wit: New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of New Castle, Kent, and Sussex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, desiring to establish, in a stable and permanent manner, the rules which ought to be observed relative to the correspondence and commerce which the two parties have judged necessary to establish between their respective countries, states, and subjects: His Majesty and the United States have thought that they could not better accomplish that end than by taking for a basis of their arrangements the mutual interest an(l advantage of both nations, thereby avoiding all those burthensome preferences which are usually sources of debate, embarrassment, and discontent, and by leaving each party at liberty to make, respecting navigation and commerce, those interior regulations which shall be most convenient to itself. Negotiators. With this view, His Majesty the King of Sweden has nominated and appointed for his Plenipotentiary Count Gustavus Philip de Creutz, his Ambassador Extralordinary to His Most Christian Majesty, and Knight Commander of his orders; and the United States, on their part, have fully empowered Benjamin Franklin, their Minister Plenipotentiary to His Most Christian Majesty. The said Plenipotentiaries, after exchanging their full powers, and after mature deliberation in consequence thereof, have agreed upon, concluded, and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace andfriend- There shall be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and ship. sincere friendship between the King of Sweden, his heirs and successors, and the United States of America, and the subjects of His Majesty, and those of the said States, and between the countries islands, cities, and towns situated under the jurisdiction of the King and of the said United States, without any exception of persons or places; and the conditions agreed to in this present treaty shall be perpetual and permanent between the King, his heirs and successors, and the said United States. ARTICLE II. Favors granted The King and the United States engage mutually not to grant hereto other nations to after any particular favour to other nations in respect to commerce andl becoLmeO common. * TransElation firom the original, which is in the French language. SWEDEN, 1783. 723 navigation which shall not immediately become common to the other [See Article XI, party, who shall enjoy the same favour freely, if the concession was freely treaty of 1816, and made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was con- Areti clf1e XVII, ditional. treaty of 1827, pp. ditional. 735,741.] ARTICLE III. The subjects of the King of Sweden shall not pay in the ports, havens, Pwedish subjvilegct of roads. countries, islands, cities, and towns of the United States, or in thd United any of them, any other nor greater duties or imposts, of what nature States. soever they may be, than those which the most favoured nations are or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, liberties, privileges, immunities, and exemptions in trade, navigation, and commerce which the said nations do or shall enjoy, whether in passing from one port to another of the United States, or in going to or from the same, from or to any part of the world whatever. ARTICLE IV. The subjects and inhabitants of the, said United States shall not pay Privileges of in the ports, havens, roads, islands cities, and towns under the domin- citizens of the United States in ion of the King of Sweden, any other or greater duties or imposts, of Sweden. what nature soever they may be, or by what name soever called, than those which the most favoured nations are or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, liberties, privileges, immunities, and exemptions in trade, navigation, and commerce which the said nations do or shall enjoy, whether in passing from one port to another of the dominion of His said Majesty, or in going to or from the same, from or to any part of the world whatever. ARTICLE V. There shall be granted a full, perfect, and entire liberty of conscience Liberty of conto the inhabitants and subjects of each party; and no person shall be science. molested on account of his worship, provided he submits so far as regards the public demonstration of it to the laws of the country. More- Rights of burial. over, liberty shall be granted, when any of the subjects or inhabitants' [See ArticleXII, of either party die in the territory of the other, to bury them in conve- treatcl of 1816, XV nient and decent places, which shall be assigned for the purpose; and treaty of 1827, pp. the two contracting parties will provide each in its jurisdiction, that 735,741.] the subjects and inhabitants respectively may obtain certificates of the death, in case the delivery of them is required. ARLTICLE VI. The subjects of the contracting parties in the respective States may Disposal and infreely dispose of their goods and effects, either by testament, donation, heritance of propor otherwise, in favour of such persons as they think proper; and their erty. heirs, in whatever place they shall reside, shall receive the succession [See Article XII, even ab intestato, either in person or by their attorney, without having treicley of 1816, u occasion.to take out letters of naturalization. These inheritances, as treaty of 1827, pp. well as the capitals and effects which the subjects of the two parties, in 735, 741.] changing their dwelling, shall be desirous of removing from the place of their abode, shall be exempted from all duty called " droit de detraction" on the part, of the Government of the two States, respectively. But it is at the same time agreed that nothing contained in this article shall in any manner derogate from the ordinances published in Sweden against emigrations, or which may hereafter be published, which shall remain in full force and vigor. The United States, on their part, or any of them, shall be at liberty to make, respecting this matter, such laws as they think proper. 724 PUBLIC TR,.EATIES. ARTICLE VII. Neutral trade. All and every the subjects and inhabitants of the KTingdom of Sweden, [SceArticleXII.] as well as those of the UTnited States, shall be permitted to navigate with their vessels, in all safety and freedom, and without any regard to those to whom the merchandizes and cargoes may belong, from ally [See Article XII, port whatever; and the subjects and inhabitants of the two States shall treaty of 1816, and likewise be permitted to sail and trade with their vessels, and, with the Article XVII, sale liberty and safety, to frequent the places, ports, and havens of treaty of 1827, pp. Powers enemies to both Gr either of the contracting parties, without being in any wise molested or troubled, and to carry on a commerce not only directly from the ports of an enemy to a neutral port, but even from one port of an enemy to another port of an enemy, whether it be Free ships make under the jurisdiction of the same or of different Princes. And as it is free goods. acknowledged by this treaty, with respect to ships and merchandizes, that free ships shall make the merchandizes free, and that everything which shall be on board of ships belonging to subjects of the one or the other of the contracting parties shall be considered as free, even though the cargo, or a part of it, should belong to the enemies of one or both, it is nevertheless provided that contraband goods shall always be excepted; which being intercepted, shall be proceeded against according to the spirit of the following articles. It is likewise agreed that the same liberty be extended to persons who may be'on board a free slhip, with this effect, that, although they be enemies to both or either of the parties, they shall not be taken out of the free ship, unless they are soldiers in the actual service of the said enemies. ARTICLE VIII. Extent of priv- This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of ileges. merchandizes, except those only which are expressed in the following [See Article XII, article, and are distinguished by the name of contraband goods. treaty of 1816, and Article XVII, treaty of 1827, pp. ARTICLE IX. 735, 741.] Contraband arti- Under the name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprecles. hended arms, great guns, cannon-balls, arquebuses, musquets, mortars, [See Article XII, bombs, petards, granadoes, saucisses, pitch-balls, carriages for ordnance, Atrty ofi 181c, and musquet-rests, bandoleers, cannon-powder, matches, saltpetre, sulphur, treaty of 1827, pp. bullets, pikes, sabres, swords, morions, helmets, cuirasses, halbards, 735,741.] javelins, pistols and their holsters, belts, bayonets, horses with their harness, and all other like kinds of arms and instruments of war for the use of troops. ARTICLE X. Goods not con- These which follow shall not be reckoned in the number of prohibited trabasnudA t. 1 1goods, that is to say: All sorts of cloths, and all other manufactures of See Arti cleof XII, wool flax, silk, cotton, or any other materials; all kinds of wearing apArt icl XVII, parel, together with the things of which they are commonly made; gold, treaty of 1827, pp. silver coined or uncoined, brass, iron, lead, copper, latten, coals, wheat, 735, 741.] barley, and all sorts of corn or pulse, tobacco; all kinds of spices, salted and smoked flesh, salted fish, cheese, butter, beer, oyl, wines, sugar; all sorts of salt and provisions which serve for the nourishment and sustenance of man; all kinds of cotton, hemp, flax, tar, pitch, ropes, cables, sails, sail-cloth, anchors, and any parts of anchors, ship-masts, lanks, boards, beams, and all sorts of trees and other things proper for tuilding or repairing ships. Nor shall any goods be considered as contra-.band which have not been worked into the form of any instrument or thing for the purpose of war bSy land or by sea, munch less such as have been prepared or wvrought up for any other use: all which shall be reckloned free goods, as likewise all others which are not comprehended and par SWEDEN, 1783. 725 ticularly mentioned in the foregoing article, so that they shall not by any pretended interpretation be comprehended among prohibited or contraband goods. On the contrary, they may be freely transported by the subjects of the King and of the United States, even to places belonging to an enemy, such places only excepted as are besieged, blocked, or invested; and those places only shall be considered as such which are nearly surrounded by one of the belligerent powers. ARTICLE XI. In order to avoid and prevent on both. sides all disputes and discord, S e a-letters or it is agreed that, in case one of the parties shall be engaged in a war, passports. the ships and vessels belonging to the subjects or inhabitants of the [See Article XII, other shall be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the Aretyicle Xv8I6, name, property, and port of the vessel, and also the name and place of treaty of 1827, pp. abode of the master or commander of the said vessel, in order that it 735,741.] may thereby appear that the said vessel really and truly belongs to the subjects of the one or the other party. These passports, which shall be drawn up in good and due form, shall be renewed every time the vessel returns home in the course of the year. It is also agreed that the said vessels, when loaded, shall be provided not only with sea-letters, but also with certificates containing a particular account of the cargo, the place from which the vessel sailed, and that of her destination, in order that it may be known whether they carry any of the prohibited or contraband inerchandizes mentioned in the 9th article of the present treaty; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place from which the vessel shall depart. ArRTICLE XII. Although the vessels of the one and of the other party may navigate Ships to exhibit freely and with all safety, as is explained in the 7th article, they shall, passports and cernevertheless, be bound, at all times when required, to exhibit, as well tificates. on the high sea as in port, their passports and certificates above men- treaty of 1816, and tioned; and, not having contraband merchandize on board for an ene- Ar t i c e XV I I, my's port, they may freely and without hindrance pursue their voyage treaty of 1827, pp. to the place of their destination. Nevertheless, the exhibition of papers 735, 741.] shall not be demanded of merchant-ships under the convoy of vessels of war, but credit shall be given to the word of the officer commanding the convoy. ARTICLE XIII. If on producing the said certificates it be discovered that the vessel Confiscation of carries some of the goods which are declared to be prohibited or contra- contraband goods. band, and which are consigned to an enemy's port, it shall not however [See Article XII, I)e lawful to break up the hatches of such ships, nor to open any chest, Artcl1816, aII coffers, packs, casks, or vessels, nor to remove or displace the smallest treaty of 1827, pp. part of the merchandizes, until the cargo has been landed in the pres- 735,741.] ence of officers appointed for the purpose, and until an inventory thereof has been taken; nor shall it be lawful to sell, exchange or alienate the cargo or any part thereof, until legal process shall have been had against the prohibited merchandizes, and sentence shall have passed declaring them liable to confiscation, saving nevertheless as well the ships themselves, as the other merchandizes which shall have been found therein. which by virtue of this present treaty are to be esteemed free, and which are not to be detained on pretence of their having been loaded with prohibited merchandize, and much less confiscated as lawful prize. And is case the contraband merchandize be only a part of the cargo, and the master of the vessel agrees, consents, and offers to deliver them to the vessel that has discovered them, in that case the latter, after receiving the merchandizes which are good prize, shall immediately let the vessel go, and shall not by any means hinder her from pursuing her voyage to 726 PUBLIC TREATIES. the place of her destination. When a vessel is taken and brought into any of the ports of the contracting parties, if upon examination she be found to be loaded only with merchandizes declared to be free, the owner, or he who has made the prize, shall be bound to pay all costs and damages to the master of the vessel unjustly detained. ARTICLE XIV. Neutral property It is likewise agreed that whatever shall be found to be laden by the in uenemy's vessel. subjects of either of the two contracting parties, on a ship belonging to [See ArticleXII, the enemies of the other party, the whole effects, although not of the Artice XVIIof 1816, number of those declared contraband, shall be confiscated as if they treaty of 1827, pp. belonged to the enemy, excepting nevertheless such goods and mer735, 741.] chandizes as were put on board before the declaration of war, and even six months after the declaration, after which term none shall be presumed to be ignorant of it, which merchandizes shall not in any manner be subject to confiscation, but shall be faithfully and specifically delivered to the owners, who shall claim or cause them to be claimed before confiscation and sale, as also their proceeds, if the claim be made within eight months, and could not be made sooner after the sale, which is to be public: provided, nevertheless, that if the said merchandizes be contraband, it shall not be in any wise lawful to carry them afterwards to a port belonging to the enemy. ARTICLE XV. Vessels of war And that more effectual care may be taken for the security of the two and privateers. contracting parties, that they suffer no prejudice by the men-of war of [See Article XII, the other party or by privateers, all captains and commanders of ships trearty of 1816, and of His Swedish Majesty and of the United States, and all their subjects, treaty of 1827, pp shall be forbidden to do any injury or damage to those of the other party, 735,741.] and if they act to the contrary, having been found guilty on examination by their proper judges, they shall be bound to make satisfaction for all dlamages and the interest thereof, and to make them good under pain and obligation of their persons and goods. ARTICLEI XVI. Privateers to For this cause, every individual who is desirous of fitting out a prigive bond. vateer, shall, before he receives letters-patent, or special commission, [SeeArticle XII, be obliged to give bond with sufficient sureties, before a competent treaty of 1816,,and jug -- * Article XVII, judge, for a sufficient sum, to answer all damages and wrongs which treaty of 1827, pp. the owner of the privateer, his officers, or others in his employ may 735,741.] commit during the cruise, contrary to the tenor of this treaty, and contrary to the edicts published by either party, whether by the King of Sweden or by the United States, in virtue of this same treaty, and also under the penalty of having the said letters-patent and special commission revolted and made void. ARTICLE XVII. Recaptured ves- One of the contracting parties being at war and the other remaining sels. neuter, if it should happen that a merchant-ship of the neutral Power [See Article XII, be taken by the enemy of the other party, and be afterwards retaken treaty of 1816, and Arti cle XV I I by a ship of war or privateer of the Power at war, also ships and umertreaty of 1827, pp. chandizes of what nature soever they may be, when recovered from a 735,74'1.] pirate or sea rover, shall be brought into a port of one of the two Powers, and shall be committed to the custody of the officers of the said port, that they may be restored entire to the true proprietor as soon as he shall have produced full proof of the property. Merchants, Embargo or do- masters, and owners of ships, seamen, people of all sorts, ships and t vessels, and in general1 all lzerchandizes and efects of one of the allies SWEDEN, 1783. 727 or their subjects, shall not be subject to any embargo, nor detained in any of the countries, territories, islands, cities, towns, ports, rivers, or domains whatever, of the other ally, on account of any military expedition, or any public or private purpose whatever, by seizure, by force, or by any such manner; much less shall it be lawful for the subjects of one of the parties to seize or take anything by force from the subjects of the other party, without the consent of the owner. This, however, is not to be understood to comprehend seizures, detentions, and arrests, made by order and by the authority of justice, and according to the ordinary course for debts or faults of the subject, for which process shall be had in the way of right according to the forms of justice. ARTICLE XVIII. If it should happen that the two contracting parties should be en- Regulations in gaged in a war at the same time with a common enemy, the following common enemy.ar points shall be observed on both sides: [See Article XII, 1. If the ships of one of the two nations, retaken by the privateers treaty of 1816. and of the other, have not been in the power of the enemy more than 24 Article XVII, hours, they shall be restored to the original owner, on payment of one- treaty of 1827, pp. third of the value of the ship and cargo. If, on the contrary, the vessel 735, 741.] retaken has been more than 24 hours in the poweri of the enemy, it shall belong wholly to him who has retaken it. 2. In case, during the interval of 24 hours, a vessel be retaken by a man-of-war of either of the two parties, it shall be restored to the original owner, on payment of a thirtieth part of the value of the vessel and cargo, and a tenth part of it if it has been retaken after the 24 hours, which sums shall be distributed as a gratification among the crew of the men-of-war that shall have made the recapture. 3. The prizes made in manner above mentioned shall be restored to the owners, after proof made of the property, upon giving security for the part coming to him who has recovered the vessel from the hands of the enemy. 4. The men-of-war and privateers of the two nations shall reciprocally be admitted with their prizes into each other's ports; but the prizes shall not be unloaded or sold there until the legality of a prize made by Swedish ships shall have been determined according to the laws and regulations established in Sweden, as also that of the prizes made by American vessels shall have been determined according to the laws and regulations established by the United States of America. 5. Moreover, the King of Sweden and the United States of America shall be at liberty to make such regulations as they shall judge necessary respecting the conduct which their men-of-war and privateers respectively shall be bound to observe, with regard to vessels which they shall take and carry into the ports of the two Powers. ARTICLE XIX. The ships of war of His Swedish Majesty and those of the United Regulati on o f States, and also those which their subjects shall have armed for prizes. war, may with all freedom conduct the prizes which they shall have [See Article XII, made from their enemies into the ports which are open in time of war treaty of 1816, and to other friendly nations; and the said prizes upon entering the said treaty of 1827, pp. ports shall not be subject to arrest or seizure, nor shall the officers of 735,741.] the places take cognizance of the validity of the said prizes, which may depart and be conducted freely and with all liberty to the places pointed out in their commissions, which the captains of the said vessels shall be obliged to shew. ARTICLE X X. In ease any vessel belonging to either of the two States, or to their Wreckedordamsubjects, shall be stranded, shipwrecked, or suffbr any other damage on agedvessels. the coasts or under the dominion of either of the parties, all aid and 728 PUBLIC TREATIES. assistance shall be given to the persons shipwrecked, or who may be in danger thereof, and passports shall be granted to them to secure their return to their own country. The ships and merchandizes wrecked, or their proceeds, if the effects have been sold, being claimed in a year and a day, by the owners or their attorney, shall be restored, on their paying the costs of salvage, conformable to the laws and customs of the two nations. ARTICLE XXI. Vessels seeking When the subjects and inhabitants of the two parties, with their vesreflge. sels, whether they be public and equipped for war, or private or employed [See Articloe XII, in colpmmerce, shall be forced by tempest, by pursuit of privateers and of treatiy of 1816,elVInd enemies, or by any other urgent necessity, to retire and enter any of treaty of 1827, pp. the rivers, bays, roads, or ports of either of the two parties, they shall 735, 741.] be received and treated with all humanity and politeness, and they, shall enjoy all friendship, protection, and assistance, and they shall be at liberty to supply themselves with refreshments, provisions, and everything necessary for their sustenance, for the repair of their vessels, and for continuing their voyage; provided allway -that they pay a reasonable price: and they shall not in any manner be detained or hindered from sailing out of the said ports or roads, but they may retire and depart when and as they please, without any obstacle or hindrance. ARTICLE XXII. Rights of resi- In order to favour commerce on both sides as much as possible, it is dents in t i m e o f agreed that, in case a war should break out between the said two naWart. tions, which God forbid, the term of nine months after the declaration tr[See Article;Y 1, of war shall be allowed to the merchants and subjects respectively on Article XVII, one side and the other, in order that they mav withdraw with their treaty of 1827, pp. effects and moveables, which they shall be at liberty to carry off or 735,741.] to sell where they please, without the least obstacle; nor shall any seize their effects, and much less their persons, during the said nine months; but on the contrary, passports which shall be valid fbr a time necessary for their return, shall be given them for their vessels, and the effects which they shall be willing to carry with them. And if anything is taken from them, or if any injury is done to them by one of the parties, their people and subjects, during the term above prescribed, full and entire satisfaction shall be made to them on that account. The above-mentioned passports shall also serve as a safe conduct against all insults or prizes which privateers may attempt against their persons and effects. ARTICLE XXIIII. Lettersofrmarque. No subject of the King of Sweden shall take a commission or letters [See Article XII, of marque for arming any vessel to act as a privateer against the United treaty of 1816, and States of America, or any of them, or against the subjects, people, or Article XVII, inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the treaty of 1827, pp. 735, 741.] property of the inhabitants of the said States, from any Prince or State' whatever, with whom the said United States shall be at war. Nor shall any citizen, subject, or inhabitant of the said United States, or any of them, apply for or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any vessel to cruize against the subjects of his Swedish Majesty, or any of them, or their property, from any Prince or State whatever with whom his said Majesty shall be at war. And if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque, he shall be punished as a pirate. ARTICLE XXIV. Vessels touching The vessels of the subjects of either of the parties coming upon any at ports. coast belonging to the other, but not willing to enter into port, or being entered into port, and not willing to unload their cargoes or to break bulk, SWEDEN, 1783. 729 shall not be obliged to do it, but on the contrary, shall enjoy all the franchises and exemptions which are granted by the rules subsisting with respect to that object. ARITICLE XXV. When a vessel belonging to the subjects and inhabitants of either oof Regulation of the parties, sailing on the high sea, shall be met by a ship of war or visits at sea. privateer of the other, the said ship of war or privateer, to avoid all disorder, shall remain out of cannon shot, but may always send their [SeeArticleXII, boat to the merchant ship, and cause two or three men to go on board treaty of 1816, and of her, to whom the master or commander of the said vessel shall ex- Article XVII, hibit his passport, stating the property of the vessel; and when the treaty of 1827, pp. said vessel shall have exhibited her passport, she shall be at liberty to continue her voyage, and it shall not be lawful to molest or search her in any manner, or to give her chase or force her to quit her intended course. ARTICLE XXVI. The two contracting parties grant mutually the liberty of having Consularofficers. each in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries, whose functions shall be regulated by a particular agreement. ARTICLE XXVIT. The present treaty shall be ratified on both sides, and the ratifications Ratifications. shall be exchanged in the space of eight months, or sooner if possible, counting from the day of the signature. In faith- whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. above articles, and have thereto affixed their seals. Done at Paris the third of April, in the year of our Lord one thou- Date. sand seven hundred and eighty-three. GUSTAV PHILIP COMTE DE CREUTZ. [L.-s.] B. FRANKLIN. [L. S.] SEPARATE ARTICLE. April 3,1783. The King of Sweden and the United States of North America agree Duration of that the present treaty shall have its full effect for the space of fifteen treaty. years, counting from the day of the ratification, and the two contracting parties reserve to themselves the liberty of renewing it at the end of that term. Done at Paris the third of April, in the year of our Lord one thou- Signatures; date. sand seven hundred and eighty-three. GUSTAV PHILIP COMTE DE CREUTZ. [L. S.] B. FRANKLIN. [L. S.] SEPARATE AIRTICLES. April 3, 1783. ARTICLE I. His Swedish Majesty shall use all the means in his power to protect King of Sweden and defend the vessels and effects belonging to citizens or inhabitants to protect vessels of the United States of North America, and every of them which of United States. shall be in the ports, havens, roads, or on the seas near the countries, [See ArticleXII, islands, cities and towns of His said Majesty, and shall use his utmost treaty of 1816, and endeavours to recover and restore to the right owners all such vessels treaty of 1827 pp. and effects which shall be talien from them within his jurisdiction. 735,741.] 730 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE I1[. United States to In like manner the United States of North America shall protect and protect vessels of defend the vessels and effects belonging to the subjects of His Swedish Majesty, which shall be in the ports, havens, or roads, or on the seas [See Article XII, near to the countries, islands, cities and towns of the said States, and treaty of 1816, and shall use their utmost efforts to recover and restore to the right owners Article XVII, treaty of 1827, pp all such vessels and effects which shall be taken from them within their 735, 741.] jurisdiction. ARTICLE fliM. Convoys. If, in any future war at sea, the contracting Powers resolve to remain neuter, and as such to observe the strictest neutrality, then it is agreed that if the merchant ships of either party should happen to be in a part of the sea where the ships of war of the same nation are not stationed, or if they are met on the high sea, without being able to have recourse to their own convoys, in that case the commander of the ships of war of the other party, if required, shall, in good faith and sincerity, give them all necessary assistance; and in such case the ships of war and frigates of either of the Powers shall protect and support the merchantships of the other: provided, nevertheless, that the ships claiming assistance are not engaged in any illicit commerce contrary to the principle of the neutrality. ARTICLE IV. Right to do busi- It is agreed and concluded that all merchants, captains of merchantness, &c. ships or other subjects of His Swedish Majesty, shall have fall liberty in all places under the dominion or jurisdiction of the United States of [See Article XII, America, to manage their own affairs, and to employ in the management treaty of 1816, and of them, whomsoever they please; and they shall not be obliged to make Article XV II, use of any interpreter or broker, nor to pay them any reward unless they treaty of 1827, PP. make use of them. Moreover, the masters of ships shall not be obliged, 7315,741.] in loading or unloading their vessels, to employ labourers appointed by public authority for that purpose; but they shall be at full liberty, themselves, to load or unload their vessels, or to employ in loading or unloading them whomsoever they think proper, without paying reward under the title of salary to any other person whatever; and they shall not be obliged to turn over any kind of merchandizes to other vessels, nor to receive them on board their own, nor to wait for their lading longer than they please; and all and every of the citizens, people, and inhabitants of the United States of America shall reciprocally have and enjoy the same privileges and liberties in all places, under the jurisdiction of the said realm. ARTICLE V. Examination of It is agreed that when mnerchandizes shall have been put on board goods. e the ships or vessels of either of the contracting parties, they shall not be subjected to any examination: but all examination and search must [See ArticleXII, be before lading, and the prohibited merchandizes must be stopped on treaty of 1816, and the spot before they are embarked, unless there is full evidence or proof Article X ~I I treaty of 1827, pp. of fraudulent practice on the part of the owner of the ship, or of him 735, 741.] who has the command of her; in which case only he shall be responsible and subject to the laws of the country in which he may be. In all other cases, neither the subjects of either of the contracting parties who shall be with their vessels in the ports of the other, nor their merchllandizes, shall be seized or molested on account of contraband goods, which they shall have wanted to take on board, nor shall any kindl of embargo be laid on their ships, slubjects, or citizens of the State whose merchandizes are declared contraband, or the exportation of which is forbidden; SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1816. 731 those only who shall have sold or intended to sell or alienate such merchandize being liable to punishment for such contravention. Done at Paris, the third day of April, in the year of our Lord one thou- Signatures; date.,aind seven hundred and eighty-three. GUSTAV PHILIP COMTE DE CREEUTZ. [L. s.] B. FiRANKLIN. [L. s.j SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1816. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF Sept. 4, 1816. AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY, CONCLUDED AT STOCKHOLM SEPTEMBER 4, 1816; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENTS, FEBRUARY 19, 1817; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MAY 27, 1818, EXCEPT THIRD, FOURTH, AND SIXTH ARTICLES; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT STOCKHOLM SEPTEMBER 25, 1818; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 31, 1818. [This treaty expired by limitation eight years after date of exchange of ratifications.] Treaty with Swedeni.* In the name of the most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Sweden Contracting parand Norway, eqlally animated with a sincere desire to maintain and con- ties. firm the relations of friendship and commerce which have hitherto subsisted between the two States, and being convinced that this object cannot be more effectually accomplished than by establishing, reciprocally, the commerce between the two States upon the firm basis of liberal and equitable principles, equally advantageous to both countries, have named to this end Plenipotentiaries, and have furnished them with the necessary full powers to treat, and in their name to conclude- a treaty, to wit: The President of the United States, Jonathan Russell, a citizen of Negotiators. the said United States, and now their Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Stockholm; and His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, His Excellency the Count Laurent d'Engestr6m, his Minister of State fbr Foreign Affairs, Chancellor of the University of Lund, Knight Commander of the Orders of the King, Knight of the Order of Charles XIII, Grand Cross of the Orders of St. Etienne of Hungary, of the Legion of Honour of France, of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle of Prussia, and the Count Adolphe George de Mlirner, his Counsellor of State, and Commander of the Order of the Polar Star; And the said Plenipotentiaries, after having produced and exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed on the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be between all the territories under the dominions of the Reciprocal 1i b - United States of America, and of His Majesty the King of Sweden and erty of commerce. Norway, a reciprocal liberty of commllerce. The inhabitants of either of the two countries shall have liberty, with all security for their persons, vessels, and cargoes, to come freely to all ports, places, and rivers within the territories of the other, into which the vessels of the most favored nations are permitted to enter. They can there remain and reside in any part whatsoever of the said territories; they can there hire and occupy houses and warehouses for their commerce; and, generally, the Security for mermerchants and traders of each of the two nations shall enjoy in the other chants and traders. the most complete seculrity and protection for the transaction of their business, being bound alone to conform to the laws andl statutes of the two countries, respectively. " Translation from the original, which is in the French language. 732 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE II. Equality of du- No other or higher duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, shall be ties on produce of imposed on the importation into the territories of His Majesty the King either country. of Sweden and Norway, of the produce or manufactures of the United States, nor on the importation into the United States of the produce or manufactures of the territories of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, than those to which the same articles would be subjected in each of the two countries, respectively, if these articles were the growth, produce, or manufacture, of any other country. The same principle shall likewise be observed in respect to exportation, in such manner that in each of the two countries, respectively, the articles which shall be exported for the other, cannot be charged with any duty, impost, or charge, whatsoever, higher or other than those to which the same articles would be subjected if they were exported to any other country whatever. Equality of pro- Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importahibitions. tion of any article, the growth, produce, or manufacture, of the territories of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, or of the United States, to or from the said territories of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, or to or from the said United States, which shall not equally extend to all other nations. Equality of du- Swedish or Norwegian vessels arriving in ballast, or importing into ties on vessels. the United States the produce or manufactures of their countries, or exporting from the United States the produce or manufactures of said States, shall not be obliged to pay, either for the vessels or the cargoes, any other or higher duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, than those which the vessels of the United States would pay in the same circumstances; and, vice versa, the vessels of the United States, arriving in ballast, or importing into the territories under the dominion of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway the produce or manufactures of the United States, or exporting from the territories under the dominion of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway the produce or manufactures of these territories, shall not pay, either for the vessels or the cargoes, any other or higher duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, than those which would be paid if these articles were transported by Swedish or Norwegian vessels, respectively. Ports of St. Bar That which is here above stipulated shall also extend to the Swedish tholomew. colony of St. Barthelemy, as well in what relates to the rights and advantages which the vessels of the United States shall enjoy in its ports, as in relation to those which the vessels of the colony shall enjoy in the ports of the United States, provided the owners are inhabitants of St. Barthelemy, and there established and naturalized, and shall have there caused their vessels to be naturalized. ARTICLE III.* His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway agrees that all articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the West Indies, which are permitted to be imported in Swedish or Norwegian vessels, whether these articles be imported, directly or indirectly, from said Indies, may likewise be imported into its territories in vessels of the United States, and there shall not be paid, either for the said vessels or the cargoes, any higher or other duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, than those which would be paid by Swedish or Norwegian vessels in the same circumstances, with an addition only of ten per centum on the said duties, imposts, and charges, and no more. In order to avoid misapprehension in this respect, it is expressly declared, that the term "West Indies" ought to be taken in its most extensive sense, comprising all that portion of the earth, whether main* This article was not ratified. SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1816. 733 land or islands, which at any time has been denominated the West Indies, in contradistinction to that other portion of the earth denominated the East Indies. ARTICLE IV.@ The United States of America, on their part, agree that all articles the growth, produce, or manufacture, of the countries surrounding the Baltic Sea, or bordering thereon, which are permitted to be imported in vessels of the United States, whether these articles be imported, directly or indirectly, from the Baltic, may likewise be imported into the United States in Swedish or Norwegian vessels; and there shall not then be paid for the said vessels, or for the cargoes, any higher or other duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, than those which would be paid by vessels of the United States in the same circumstances, with an addition only of ten per centum on the said duties, imposts, and charges, and no more. In order to avoid all uncertainty in respect to the duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, which a vessel belonging to the citizens or subjects of one of the contracting parties ought to pay, on arriving in the ports of the other, with a cargo consisting partly of articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the country to which the vessel belongs, and partly of any other merchandize, which the said vessel is permitted to import by the preceding articles, it is agreed that, in case a cargo should be thus mixed, the vessel shall always pay the duties, imposts, and charges, according to the nature of that part of the cargo which is subjected to the highest duties, in the same manner as if the vessel imnported this sort of merchandise only. ARTICLE V. The high contracting parties grant mutually the liberty of having, in Consular officers. the places of commerce and ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, who shall enjoy all the protection and assistance necessary for the due discharge of their functions. But it is here expressly declared that, in case of illegal or improper conduct in respect to the laws or government of the country to which they are sent, the said Consul, Vice-Consul, or Agent, may be either punished according to law, dismissed, or sent away, by the offended Government, that Government assigning to the other the reasons therefor. It is, nevertheless, Inviolability of understood, that the archives and documents relative to the affairs of archives. the consulate shall be protected from all examination, and shall be carefully preserved, being placed under the seal of the Consul and of the authority of the place where he shall have resided. The Consuls and their deputies shall have the right, as such, to act Settlement of difas judges and arbitrators ill the differences which may arise between ferences between the captains and crews of the vessels of the nation whose affairs are entrusted to their care. The respective Governments shall have no right to interfere in matters of this kind, except the conduct of the captain and crew shall disturb the peace and tranquillity of the country in which the vessel may be, or that the Consul of the place shall feel himself obliged to resort to the interposition and support of the executive authority to cause his decision to be respected and maintained; it being, nevertheless, understood, that this kind of judgment, or award, shall not deprive the contending parties of the right which they shall have, on their return, to recur to the judicial authorities of their own country ARTICLE VI.* In order to prevent all dispute and uncertainty in respect to what may be considered as being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the This article was not ratified. 734 PUBLIC TREATIES. contracting parties respectively, it is agreed that whatever the chief or intendant of the customs shall have designated and specified as such, in the clearance delivered to the vessels which depart from the European ports of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, shall be acknowledged and admitted as such in the United States; and that, in the same manner, whatever the chief or collector of the customs in the ports of the United States shall have designated a-nd specified as the growth, produce, or manulfacture of the United States, shall be acknowledged and admitted as such in the territories of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway. The specification or-designation given by the chief of the customs in the colonies of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, and confirmed by the governor of the colony, shall be considered as sufficient proof of the origin of the articles thus specified or designated to obtain for them admission into the ports of the United States accordingly. ARTICLE VII. Vessels touching The citizens or subjects of one of the'contracting parties, arriving at ports. with their vessels on any coast belonging to the other, but not willing to enter into port, or being entered into port, and not willing to unload or break bulk, shall have liberty to depart, and to pursue their voyage, without molestation, and without being obliged to render account of their cargo, or to pay any duties, imposts, or charges, whatsoever, on the vessels or cargo, excepting only the dues of pilotage, when a pilot shall have been employed, or those of quayage, or light-money, whenever these dues are paid in the same circumstances by the citizens or Limitation of subjects of the country. It being, nevertheless, understood, that whenprivilege. ever the vessels belonging to the citizels or subjects of one of the contractilg parties shall be within the jurisdiction of the other, they shall conform to the laws and regulations concerning navigation, and the places and ports into which it may be permitted to enter, which are in force with regard to the citizens or subjects of the country; and it shall be lawful for the officers of the customs in the district where the said vessels may be, to visit them, to remain on board, and to takle such precautions as may be necessary to prevent all illicit commerce while such vessels remain within the said jurisdiction. ARTICLE VIII. Vessels unload- It is also agreed that the vessels of one of the contracting parties, ing part of cargo. entering the ports of the other, shall be permitted to discharge a part only of their cargoes, whenever the captain or owner shall desire so to do, and they shall be allowed to depart freely with the remainder, without paying any duties, imposts, or charges whatsoever, except on that part which shall have been landed, and which shall be marked and noted on the list or manifest containing the enumeration of the merchandise which the vessel ought to have on board, and which list ought always to be presented, without reservation, to the officers of the customs at, the place where the vessel shall have arrived; and nothing shall be paid on the part of the cargo which the vessel takes away; and the said vessel may proceed therewith to any other port or ports in the same country, into which vessels of the most favoured nations are permitted to enter, and there dispose of the same; or the said vessel may Port charges. depart therewith to the ports of any other country. It is, however, understood that the duties, imposts, or charges, which are payable on the vessel itself, ought to be paid at the first port where it breaks bulk and discharges a part of the cargo, and that no such duties or impositions shall be again demanded in the ports of the same country where the said vessel mlay thereafter enter, except the inhabitants of the country be subjected to further duties in the same circumstances. SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1816. 735 ARTICLE IX. The citizens or subjects of one of the contracting parties shall enjoy Rights andpriviin the ports of the other, as well for their vessels as for their merchan- leges of entrepot. dise, all the rights and privileges of entrepot, which are enjoyed by the most favoured nations in the same ports. ARTICLE X. In case any vessel, belonging to either of the two States or to their Wreckedordamcitizens or subjects, shall be stranded, shipwrecked, or have suffered aged vessels. any other damage on the coasts under the dominion of either of the parties, all aid and assistance shall be given to the persons shipwrecked, or who may be in danger thereof, and passports shall be granted them to return to their own country. The ships and merchandise wrecked, or the proceeds thereof, if the effects be sold, being claimed in a year and a day, by the owners, or their attorney, shall be restored on paying the same costs of salvage, conformably to the laws and usages of the two nations, which the citizens or subjects of the country would pay in the same circumstances. The respective governments shall watch over the companies which are or may be instituted for saving shipwrecked persons and property, that vexations and abuses may not take place. ARTICLE XI. It is agreed that vessels arriving direct from the United States, at a Quarantine. port under the dominion of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, or from the ports of his said Majesty in Europe at a port of the United States, furnished with a certificate of health from the competent health officer of the port whence they took their departure, certifying that no malignant or contagious disease existed at that port, shall not be subjected to any other quarantine than such as shall be necessary for the visit of the health officer of the port at which they may have arrived, but shall, after such visit, be permitted immediately to enter and discharge their cargoes; provided, always, that there may not be found any person on board who has been, during the voyage, afflicted with a malignant or contagious disease, and that the country from which the vessel comes may not be so generally regarded at the time as infected, or suspected, that it has been previously necessary to issue a regulation by which all vessels coming from that country are regarded as suspected and subjected to quarantine. ARTICLE XII. The treaty of amity and commerce concluded at Paris in 1783, by the Treaty of 1783, Plenipotentiaries of the United States and of His Majesty the King of revived in part. Sweden, is renewed and put in force by the present treaty, in respect [Seepp. 722-731.] to all which is contained in the second, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth. eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteent h, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, and twenty-fifth articles of the said treaty, as well as the separate articles one, two. four, and five, which were signed the same day by the same Plenipotentiaries; and the articles specified shall be considered to have as full force and vigour as if they were inserted word for word: provided, nevertheless, that the stipulations contained in the articles above mentioned shall always be considered as making no change in the conventions previously concluded with other friendly and allied nations. ARTICLE XIII. Considering the distance of the respectivre countries of the two high Blockaded ports. contracting parties, and the uncertainty that results therefrom in relation to the various events which may take place, it is agreed that a 736 PUBLIC TREATIES. merchant-vessel, belonging to one of the contracting parties, and destined to a port supposed to be blockaded at the time of her departure, shall not, however? be captured or condemned for having a first time attempted to enter the said port, unless it may be proved that the said vessel could and ought to have learned, on her passage, that the place in question continued to be in a state of blockade. But vessels which, after having been once turned away, shall attempt a second time, during the same voyage, to enter the samne port of' the enemy, while the blockade continues, shall be liable to detention and condemnation. ARTICLE XIV. D ur at i on of The present treaty, when the same shall have been ratified by the treaty. President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and by His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, shall continue in force, and be obligatory on the United States and His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, for the term of eight years fromn Ratificationso the exchange of the ratifications; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in eight months from the signature of this treaty, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty, and have thereunto set the seal of their arms. Done at Date. Stockholm, the fourth day of September, in the year of Grace one thousand eight hundred and sixteen.! JONA. RUSSELL. LE COMTE D'ENGESTRO1M. [L. S.] LE COMTE A. G. DE MORNER. [L. S.] SWEDEN AND NORlWAY, 1827. July 4,1827. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION, AND SEPARATE ARTICLE, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY, CONCLUDED JULY 4, 1827; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 7, 1828; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JANUARY 18, 1828; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 19, 1828. Treaty with Sweden and Norway.* In the name of the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Sweden ties. and Norway, equally animated with the desire of extending and consolidating the commercial relations subsisting between their respective territories, and convinced that this object cannot better be accomplished than by placing them on the basis of a perfect equality and reciprocity, have, in consequence, agreed to enter into ne gotiation for a new treaty of commerce and navigation; and to this effect have appointed Plenipotentiaries, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, John James Appleton, Charge d'Affaires of the said States at the court of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway; and His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, the Sieur Gustave Count de Wetterstedt, his Minister of State and of Foreign Affairs, Knight Commander of his orders, Knight of the Orders of St. Andrew, St. Alexander Newsky, and St. Ann, of the first class, of Russia; Knight of the Order of the Red Eagle, of the first class, of Prussia; Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold, of Austria; one of the Eighteen of the Swedish Academy; Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due-form, havte agreed upon the following articles: * Translation from the original, which is in the French language. SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1827. 737 ARiTICLE I. The citizens and subjects of each of the two high contracting parties Freedom of navimay, with all security for their persons, vessels, and cargoes, freely gation and comrnenter the ports, places, and rivers of the territories of the other, wher- merce. ever foreign commerce is permitted. They shall be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts whatsoever of said territories; to rent and occupy houses and warehouses for their commerce; and they shall enjoy, generally, the most entire security and protection in their mercantile transactions, on condition of their submitting to the laws and ordinances of the respective countries. ARTICLE II. Swedish and Norwegian vessels, and those of the island of St. Bar- Vessels of Swetholomew, arriving either laden or in ballast, into the ports of the deln, &c., in ports of the United United States of America, from whatever place they may come, shall be States. treated, on their entrance, during their stay, and at their departure, upon the same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonnage, light-houses, pilotage, and port chlarges, as well as to the perquisites of public officers, and all other duties or charges of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishment whatsoever. And reciprocally, the vessels of the United States of America, arriv- Vessels of United ilg either ladenl or in ballast in the ports of the Kingdoms of Sweden States in ports of and Norway, -from whatever place they may come, shall be treated, on Sweden and Northeir entrance, during their stay, and at their departure, upon the aY same footing as national vessels coming from the same place, with respect to the duties of tonnage, light-houses, pilotage, and port charges, as well as to the perquisites of public officers, and all other duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profitof the Government, the local authorities, or of any private estab. lishments whatsoever. ARTICLE IIr. All that may be lawfully imported into the United States of America Equality of duin vessels of the said States may also be thereinto imported in Swedish ties on imports. and Norwvegian vessels, and in those of the island of St. Bartholomewv from whatever place they may come, without paying other or higher duties or charges. of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or ot any private establishments whatsoever, than if imported in national vessels. And, reciprocally, all that may be lawfully imported into the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway in Swedish and Norwegian vessels, or in those of the island of St. Bartholomew, may also be thereinto imported in vessels of the United States of America, from whatever place they may come, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments wh'atsoever, than if imported in national vessels. ARTICLE IV. All that may be lawfully exported from the United States of America Equality of duin vessels of the said States may also be exported therefrom in Swedish ties on exports. and Norwegian vessels, or in those of the island of St. Bartholomew, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomrination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of ainy private establishments whatsoever, than if esxported in national vessels. R s Iv —— 17 738 PUBLIC TREATIES. And, reciprocally, all that may be lawfully exported from the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway in Swedish and Norwegian vessels, or in those of the island of St. Bartholomew, may also be exported therefrom in vessels of the United States of America, without paying other or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or denomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the Government, the local authorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever, than if exported in national vessels. ARTICLE V. Ports of St. The stipulations contained in the three preceding articles are to their Bartholomew. full extent applicable to the vessels of the United States of Americas proceeding, either laden or not laden, to the colony of St. Bartholonew, in the West Indies, whether from the ports of the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway or from any other place whatsoever, or proceeding from the said colony, either laden or not laden, whether bound for Sweden or Norway, or for any other place whatsoever. ARTICLE VI. Coasting trade. It is expressly understood that the foregoing second, third, and fourth articles are not applicable to the coastwise navigation from one port of the United States of America to another port of the said States, nor to the navigation from one port of the Kingdoms of Sweden or of Norway to another, nor to that between the two latter countries; which navigation each of the two high contracting parties reserves to itself. ARTICLE VII. No preference of Each of the two high contracting parties engages not to grant in its importation. purchases, or in those which might be made by companies or agents acting in its name or under its authority, any preference to importations made in its own vessels, or in those of a third Power, over those made in the vessels of the other contra[c]ting party. ARTICLE VIII. Tonnage duties. The two high contracting parties engage not to imnpose upon the [See se p ar a te navigation between their respective territories, in the vessels of either, article, p. 742.] any tonnage or other duties, of any kind or denomination, which shall be higher or other than those which shall be imposed on every other -navigation except that which they have reserved to themselves, respectively, by the sixth article of the present treaty. ARTICLE IX. Importations and There shall not be established in the United States of America, upon exportations. the products of the soil or industry of the Kingdoms of Sweden and [See separate Norway, or of the island of St. Bartholomew's, any prohibition or rearticle, p. 742.] striction of importation or exportation, nor any duties of any kind or denomination whatsoever, unless such prohibitions, restrictions, and duties shall likewise be established upon articles of like nature the growth of any other country. And, reciprocally, there shall not b6 established in the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, nor in the island of St. Bartholomew's, on the products of the soil or industry of the United States of America, any prohibition or restriction of importation or exportation, nor any duties of any kind or denomination whatsoever, unless such prohibitions, restrictions, and duties be likewise established upon articles of like nature the growth of the island of St. Bartholomew, or of any other place, in case such importation be mnade into or from the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway; or of the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, or of any other place, in case such importation or exportation be made into or'from the island of St. Bartholomew. SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1827. 739 ARTICLE X. All privileges of transit, and all bounties and drawbacks which may Priv i l e g e s o t be allowed within the territories of one of the high contracting parties transit, drawback, upon the importation or exportation of any article whatsoever, shall &c. likewise be allowed on the articles of like nature the products of the soil [See sep araete or industry of the other contracting party, and on the importations and article, p. 742.] exportations made in its vessels. ARTICLE XI. The citizens or subjects of one of the high contracting parties arriving Vessels touching with their vessels on the coast belonging to the other, but not Wishing at ports. to enter the port, or, after having entered therein, not wishing to unload any part of their cargo, shall be at liberty to depart and continue their voyage without paying any other duties, imposts, or charges whatsoever, for the vessel and cargo, than those of pilotage, wharfage, and for the support of light-houses, when such duties shall be levied on national vessels in similar cases. It is understood, however, that they shall always conform to such regulations and ordinances concerning navigation, and the places and ports which they may enter, as are or shall be in force with regard to national vessels; and that the customhouse officers shall be permitted to visit them, to remain on board, and to take all such precautions as may be necessary to prevent all unlawful commerce, as long as the vessels shall remain within the limits of their jurisdiction. ARTICLE XII. It is further agreed that the vessels of one of the high contracting Vessels unloading parties, having entered into the ports of the other, will be permitted to part of cargo. confine themselves to unloading such part only of their cargoes as the captain or owner may wish, and that they may freely depart with the remainder without paying any duties, im posts, or charges whatsoever, except for that part which shall have been landed, and which shall be marked upon and erased from the mlanifest exhibiting the enumeration of the articles with which the vessel was laden; which manifest shall be presented entire at the custom-house of the place where the vessel shall have entered. Nothing shall be paid on that part of the cargo which the vessel shall carry away, and with which it may continue its voyage to one or several other ports of the same country, there to dispose of the remainder of its cargo, if composed of articles whose importation is permitted, oun paying the duties chargeable upon it; or it may proceed to any other country. It is understood, however, that all duties, im- Port charges. posts, or charges whatsoever, which are or may become chargeable uponI the vessels themselves, must be paid at the first port where they shall break bulk, or unlade part of their cargoes; but that no duties, imposts, or charges of the same description shall be demanded anew in the ports of the same country which such vessels might afterwards wish to enter, unless national vessels be in similar cases subject to somne ulterior duties. ARTICLE XIII. Each of the high contracting parties grants to the other the privilege Consular officers. of appointing, in its commercial ports and places, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents, who shall enjoy the full protection and receive every assistance necessary for the due exercise of their functions; but it is expressly declared that in case of illegal or improper conduct, with respect to the laws or Government of the country in which said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents shall reside, they may be prosecuted and punished conformably to the laws, and deprived of the exercise of their functions by the offended Government, which shall ac 740 PUBLIC TRJEATIES. quaint the other with its motives for having thus acted, it being underInviolability of stood, however, that the archives and documents relative tothe affairs archives. of the consulate shall be exempt from all search, alnd shall be carefully preserved under the seals of the Consuls,: Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and of the authority of the place where they may reside. Settle m en t of The Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commilercial Agents, or the persons (duly disputes between authorized to supply their places, shall have the right as such to sit as masters and crews. judges and arbitrators in such differences as may arise between the captains and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crews or of the captain should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country, or the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents should require their assistance to cause, their decisions to be carried into effect or supported. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties to the right they havee o resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their country. ARPTICLE XIV. Deserters from The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents are authorized vessels. to require the assistance of the local authorities for the arrest, detention, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchantvessels of their country; and for this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, that such individuals fobrned part of the crews, and, on this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the-public prisons, at the request and cost of those who claim them, in order to be sent to the vessels to which they belonged, or to others of the same country; but if not sent back within the space of two months, reckoning from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the said cause. It is understood, however, that, if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which the case shall be depending shiall hatve pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XV. Wrecked or daml- In case any vessel of one of the high contracting parties shall hlave aged vessels. been stranded or shipwrecked, or shall have suffered any other damrtagel on the coasts of the dominiols of the other, every aid and assistancle shall be given t to the persons shipwrecked or in danger, andl passports shall be granted to them to returnl to their country. The shilpwrecked vessels and merchandize, or their proceeds, if the same shall have been sold, shall be restored to their owners, or to those entitled thereto, if claimed within a year and a day, Uipon paying such costs of salvage as would be paid by national vessels in the same circumstances; and tile salvage companies shall not compel the acceptance of their services, except in the same cases, and Lafter the same delays, as shall be granted to the captains and crews of national vessels. Moreover, the respective Governments will take care that these companies do not commit any vexatious or arbitrary acts. ARrTICLE T XT VI. Quarantine. It is agreed that vessels arriving directly from the United States of America, at a port wvithin the dominions of His Majesty the KEing of Swveden and Norwacy, or fromn the territories of his said Majesty in SWEDEN. AND NORHWAY, 1827. 741 Europe, at a port of the United States, and provided with a bill of health granted by an officer having competent power to that effect, at the ports whence such vessels shall have sailed, setting forth tha.t no malignant or contagious diseases prevailed inLl that port, shall be subjected to no other quarantine than such as may be necessary for the visit of the health-officer of the port where such vessel shall have arrived; after which said vessels shall be allowed immediately to enter and unload their cargoes: provided, always, that there shall be on board no person who, during the voyage, shall have been attacked with any malignant or contagious diseases; that such vessels shall not, during their passage, have communicated with any vessel liable itself to undergo a quarantine; and that the country whence they came shall not, at that time, be so far infected or suspected that, before their arrival, an ordinance had been issued, in consequence of which -all vessels coming from that country should be considered as suspected, and consequently subject to quarantine. ARTICLE XVII. The second, fifth, sixti, seventh eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, Certain articles of thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, e of 1783ived. nineteenth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, and twenty-fifth See pp. 722-731.] articles of the treaty of amity and commerce concluded at Paris on the third of April, one thousand seven hundred eighty-three, by the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America, and of His Majesty the King of Sweden, together with the first, second, fourth, and fifth separate articles, signed on the same day by the same Plenipotentiaries, are revivedl1 and malde applicable to all the countries nnder the dominion of the present high contracting parties, and shall have the same force and value as if they were inserted in the context of the present treaty; it being understood that the stipulations contained in the articles above cited shall always be considered as in no manner affecting the conventions concluded by either party with other nations, during the interval between the expiration of the said treaty of one thousand seven hundred eighty-three and the revival of said articles by the treaty of commerce and navigation concluded at Stockholm by the present high contracting Iarties, on the fourth of September, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen. ARTICLE XVIII. Considering the remoteness of the respective countries of the two Blockaded ports. high contracting parties, and the uncertainty resulting therefronm with respect to the various events which may take place, it is agreed that a 1nerchant-vessel belonging to either of them, which may be bound to a port supposed at the time of its departure to be blockaded, shall not, however, be captured or condemned for having attempted a first time to enter said port, unless it can' be proved that said vessel could and ought to have learned, during its voyage, that the blockade of the place in question still continued. But all vessels which, after having been warned off once shall, during -the same voyage, attempt a second timle to enter the same blockaded port, during the continuance of said blockade, shall then subject themselves to be detained and condemned. ARTICLE XIX. The present treaty shall continue in force for ten years, co1unting froml D u r a t ion o f the day of the exchange of ratifications; and if before the expiration treaty. of the first nine years neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification to the other, its intention to arrest the operation ot' said treaty, it shall remain bindilng for ollne year beyond that timne, and so on until the expiration of the twelve mouths which will follow a similar notification, whatever the titme at which it may take place. 742 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XX. Ratifications. The present treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and by His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within the space of nine i-onths from the signature, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof; the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty by duplicates, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Date. Done at Stockholm the fourth of July, in the year of Grace one thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven. J. J. APPLETON. [L. S.] G. COUNT DE WETTERSTEDT. [L. s.] July 4, 1827. SEPARATE ARTICLE. Provision s r e - Certain relations of proximity and ancient connections having led to spVcting Articles regulations for the importation of the product of the Kingdomns of VIII, IX, and X. Sweden and Norway into the Grand Duchy of Finland, and that of the [Se pp. 7.-739.] products of Finland into Sweden and Norway, in vessels of the respective countries, by special stipulations of a treaty still in force, and whose renewal forms at this time the subject of a negotiation between the Courts of Sweden and Norway and Russia, said stipulations being in no manner connected with the existing regulations for foreign commerce in general, the two high contracting parties, anxious to remove from their commercial relations all kinds of ambiguity or motives of discussion, have agreed that the eighth, ninth, and tenth articles of the pressent treaty shall not be applic:lble either to the navigation and commerce above mentioned, nor, consequently, to the exceptions in the general tariff of custom-house duties, and in the regulations of navigation resulting therefrom, nor to the special advantages which are, or may be granted to the importation of tallow and candles from Russia, founded upon equivalent advantages granted by Russia on certain articles of importation from Sweden and Norway. Effect of article. The present separate article shall have the samne force and value as if it were inserted word for word in the treaty signed this day, and shall be ratified at the same time. Signatures. In faith whereof we, the undersigned, by virtue of our respective full powers, have signed the present separate article, and affixed thereto the seals of our arms. Date. Done at Stockholm the fourth of July, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven. J. J. APPLETON. [L. S.] G. COUNT DE WETTERSTEDT. [L. S.] SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1860. March 21, 1860. EXTRADITION CONVENTION WITH SWEDEN AND NORWAY, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MARCH 21, 1860; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 26, 1860; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DECEMBER 14, 1860; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON DECEMBER 20, 1860; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 21, 1860. Convention for the surrender of criminals, fugitives front justice, in certain cases, concluded bet ween the United States anld his Majesty the KIing of Sweden and Norway. Preamble. Whereas, it is found expedient, for the better administration of justice and the prevention of crime within the territories and jurisdiction SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1860. 743 of the parties respectively, that persons committing certain crimes; being fugitives from justice, should, under certain circumstances, be reciprocally delivered up; and also to enumerate such crimes explicitly: The United States of America on the one part, and His Majesty the Negotiators. King of Sweden and Norway on the other part, having resolved to treat on this subject, have for that purpose appointed their respective Plenipotentiaries to negotiate and conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Lewis Cass, Secretary tieontracting parof State of the United States, and His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, Baron Nicholas William de Wetterstedt, Knight of the Orders of the Polar Star and of St. Olaff, Commander of the Order of Dannebrog of Denmark, his said Majesty's Minister Resident near the Government of the Unitecl States; Who, after reciprocal communication of their respective powers, have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE 1. It is agreed that the high contracting parties shall, upon mutual Extradition of requisitions by them, their Diplomatic or Consular Agents, respectively criminals. made, deliver up to justice all persons who, being charged with or condemned for any of.the crimes enumerated in the following article, comnmitted within the jurisdiction of either party, shall seek. an asylum or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, that this Evidence of surrender and delivery shall not be obligatory on either of the high criminality. contracting parties except upon presentation by the other, in original or in verified copy, of the judicial declaration or sentence establishing the culpability of the fugitive, and issued by the proper authority of the Government who claims the surrender, in case such sentence or declaration shall have been pronounced; said document to be drawn up and certified according to the forms prescribed by the laws of the country making the demand. But if such sentence or declaration shall not have been pronounced, then the surrender may be demanded, and shall be made, when the demanding party shall have furnished such proof of culpability as would have been sufficient to justify the apprehension and commitment for trial of the accused if the offence had been committed in the country where he shall have taken refuge. ARTICLE 11. Persons shall be so delivered up who shall haye been charged with or E xt r a dclitio n sentenced for any of the following crimes, to wit: Murder, (including crimes. assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poisoning,) or attempt to commit murder; rape; piracy, (including mutiny on board a ship, whenever the crew or part thereof, by fraud or violence against the commander, have taken possession of the vessel;) arson; robbery and burglary; forgery, and the fabrication or circulation of counterfeit money, whether coin or paper money; embezzlement by public officers, including appropriation of public funds. ARTICLE IIl. The expenses of any detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the Expenses of depreceding provisions, shall be borne and defrayed by the party who tention and demakes the requisition and receives the fugitive. livery. ARTICLE IV. Neither of the contracting partiesshall be bound to deliver up, under Neither party to the stipulations of this convention, anyv person who, according to the surrender its own laws of the country where he shall be found, is a citizen or a subiect of citizens. the same at the tilno his surrender is dlematnded. 744 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE V. Political offences The provisions of the present convention shall not be applied to any not included, crime or offence of a political character. ARTICLE VI. Retention of ac- Whenever any person, accused of any of the crimes enumerated in cused person to this convention, shall have committed a new crime in the territories of answer for local the State where he has sought an asylum or shall be found, such person shall not be delivered up under the stipulations of this convention until he shall have been tried, and shall have received the pnnishment due to such new crime, or shall have been acquitted thereof. ARTICLE VII. Duration of con- This convention shall not take effect until ten days after its publicavention ftion, made according to the laws of the respective Governments. lt shall remain in force until the end of six months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same. Ratifications. It shall be ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, and the ratifications shall l be exchanged within ten months from the date of its signature, or earlier if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention, and have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in duplicate, at Washington, the twenty-first day of March, one thousand eight hundred arind sixty, and the eighty-fourth year of the Independence of the United States. LEW. CASS. [SEAL.] N. W. DE WETTERSTEDT. [SEAL;] SWEDEN AND N()RWAY7 1869. M,ay 26, 1869. CONVENTION AND PROTOCOL BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT STOCKHOLM MAY 26, 1869; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, DECEMBER 9, 1870; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT DIECEMBER 17, 1870; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT STOCKHOLM JUNE 14, 1871; EXCHANGE OF RATIFICATIONS CONSENTED TO BY SENATE JANUARY 8, 1872; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 12, 1872. Contracting par- The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the ties.J King of Sweden and Norway, led by the wish to regulate the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Sweden and Norway and their dependencies and territories, and from Sweden and Norway to the United States of America, have resolved to treat on this subject, and have for that purpose appointed PlenipotenNegotiators. tiaries to conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Joseph J. Bartlett, Minister Resident; and His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, Count Charles Wachtmeister, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs; who have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTI(CLE I. W ho t o b e Citizens of the United States of Amnerica who have resided in Sweden teemed natural- or Norway for a continuous period of at least five years, and during ized citizens. sllch resilielnce have become and are lawfully recognized as citizens of Sweden or Norway, shall be held by the Government of the United SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 1869. 745 States to be Swedish or Norwegian citizens, and shall be treated as [See protocol.] such. Reciprocally, citizens of Sweden or Norway who have resided in the United States of America for a continuous period of at least five years, and during such residence have become naturalized citizens of the United States, shall be held by the Government of Sweden and Norway to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the one or the Effect of declaraother country has not for either party the effect of the citizenship legally tiou of intention. acquired. ARTICLE II. A recognized citizen of the one party, on returning to the territory of Offenses co mthe other, remains liable' to trial and punishment for an action punisha- gratio.re em ble by the laws of his original country, and committed before his emi- [See protocol.] gration, but not for the erigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original countay, and any other remission of liability to punishment. ARTICLE III. If a citizen of the one party, who has become a recognized citizen of Restoration to the other party, takes up his abode once more in his original country, original citizenship. and applies to be restored to his former citizenship, the Government of [See protocol.] the last-named country is authorized to receive him a,gain as a citizen, on such conditions as the said Government may think proper. ARTICLE IV. The convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives frotm Extradition coiijustice, in certain cases, concluded between the UInited States on tile V t i o n none part and Sweden and Norway on the other part, the 21st -March, 1860, remains in force without change. ARTICLE V. The present convention shall go into effect immediately on tile Duration of cohexchange of ratifications, an(i shall continue in force for ten years. It veuntion. neither party shall have given the other six months' p)revious notice of its intention then to terminate the same. it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with Ratifications. the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by His Majesty the Kiing of Sweden and Norway; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Stockholm within twenty-four months fromi the date hereof. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this Signatures. convention, STOCKHOLM, TCaly 26, 1869. Date. JOSEPH J. BARTLETT, [SEAL.] C. WACOlTMEISTERI. [S1E:AL.] PROTOCOL. May 2U, 1869. DONE AT STOCKHOLMI MAY 26, 1869. The undersigned met to day to signl the colnvention agreed upon in Protocol. conflbrmity with their respective full lpowers, relating to thle citizenship 746 PUBLIC TREATIES. of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Sweden and Norway, and from Sweden and Norway to the United States of America; on which occasion the following observations, more exactly defining and explaining the contents of this convention, were entered in the following protocol: Article I. I. Relating to the first article of the convention. It is undlerstood that if a citizen of the United States of America has been discharged from his American citizenship, or, on the other side, if a Swede or a Norwegian has been discharged from his Swedish or Norwegian citizenship, in the manner legally prescribed by the Govern. ment of his original country, and then in the other country in a rightful and perfectly valid manner acquires citizenship, then an additional five years' residence shall no longer be required; but a person who has in that manner been recognized as a citizen of the other country shllall, from the moment thereof, be held and treated as a Swedish or lNorwegian citizen, and, reciprocally, as a citizen of the United States. Article II. IL.- Relating to the second article of the convention. If a former Swede or Norwegian, who under the first article is to be held as an adopted citizen of the United States of America, has emigrated after he has attained the age when he becomes liable to military service, and returns again to his original country, it is agreed that he remains liable to trial and punishmen' for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration, but not fbr the act of emigration itself, unless thereby have been committed any punishable action against Sweden or Norway, or against a Swedish or Norwegian citizen, such as non-fulfilment of military service, or desertion from the military force or from a ship, saving always the limitation established by the laws of the original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment; and that he can be held to fulfil, according to the laws, his military service, or the remaining part thereof. Article III. II. Relating to the third article of the convention. It is further agreed that if a Swede or Norwegian, who has become a naturalized citizen of the United States, renews his residence in Sweden or Norway without the ilt;ent to return to America, he shall be held by the Government of the United States to have renounced his American citizenship. The intent not to return to America. may be held to exist when the person so naturalized resides more than two years in Sweden or Norway. JOSEPH J. BARTLETT. [SEAL.] C. WACHETMEISTER. [SEAL.] SWISS CONFEDERATION, 1847. 747 SWISS CONFEDERATION. SWISS CONFEDERATION, 1847. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE May 18,1847. SWISS CONFEDERATION FOR THE MUTUAL ABOLITION OF THE DROIT D'AUBAINE AND TAXES ON EMIGRATION, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON MAY 18,1847; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 26, 1848; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 29, 1848; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON MAY 3, 1848; PROCLAIMED MAY 4, 1848. The President of the United States of America and the Federal Direc- Contracting partory of the Swiss Confederation, animated by the desire to secure and ties. extend by an amicable convention the relations happily existing between the two countries, have to this effect appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: The President of the United States of America, James Buchanan, Negotiators. Secretary of State of the United States; and the Federal Directory of the Swiss. Confederation, A. C(J. Cazenove, Swiss Consul at Alexandria; Who, after the exchange of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens of each one of the high contracting parties shall have Disposal and inpower to dispose of their personal property within the jurisdiction of heritance of per the other, either by testament, donation, or ab intestato, or in any other sonal property. manner; and their heirs, being citizens of the other party, shall inherit all such personal estates, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession of the same, either personally or by attorney, and dispose of them as they may.think proper, paying to the respective governments no other charges' than those to which the inhabitants of the country in which the said property shall be found would be liable in a similar case; and in the absence of such heir, or heirs, the same Property of abcare shall be taken of the property that would be taken in the like case sent heirs. for the preservation of the property of a citizen of the same country, until the lawful proprietor shall have had time to take measures for possessing himself of the same; and in case any dispute should arise between claimants to the same succession as to the property thereof, the question shall be decided according to the laws and by the judges of the country in which the property is situated. ARTICLE II. If, by the death of a person owning real property in the territory of Heirs to real esone of the high contracting parties, such property should descend, either tate. by. the laws of the country or by testamentary disposition, to a citizen of the other party, who, on account of his being an alien, could not be permitted to retain the actual possession of such property, a term of not less than three years shall be allowed to him to dispose of such property, and to collect and withdraw the proceeds thereof, without paying to the Government any other charges than those which in a similar case would be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which such real property muly be situated. 748 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE3 III. D u r a t i on of The present convention shall be in force for the term of twelve years convention. from the date hereof, and further, until the end of twelve months after the Government of the United States on the one part, or that of the Swiss Confederation on the other, shall h ave given notice of its intention of terminating the same. Ratifications. This convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at WTashington, within twelve months after its date, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done at Washington, this eighteenth day of May, A. D. 1847, and of the Independence of the United States the seventy-first. JAMES BUCHANAN. [L. S.] ANT. CHS. CAZENOVE. [L. S.] SWISS CONFEDERATION, 1850. Nov. 25, 1850. CONVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND EXTRADITION BETWEEN - THIE NITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE SWISS CONVEDERATION, CONCLUDED AT BERNE NOVEMBER 25, 1850; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENTS, MARCH 7, 1851; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 12, 1851; RATIFICATION AGAIN ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, MAY 29, 1854; RAT'iFIED FINALLY BY PRESIDENT NOVEMBER 6, 1855; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON NOVEMIBER 8, 1855; PROCLAIMED NOVEMBER 9, 1855. Contracting par- The United States of America and the Swiss Confederation, equally ties. animated by the desire to preserve and to draw more closely the bonds of friendship which so happily exist between the two L;epublics, as well as to augment, by all the means at their disposal, the commercial intercourse of their respective citizens have mutually resolved to conclude a general convention of friendship, reciprocal establishments, coml merce, and for the surrender of fugitive criminals. For this purpose they have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States, A. Dudley Mann, Special Agent of the United States on a mission to the Swiss Confederation; and the Swiss Federal Council, Henry Druey, President of the Swiss Confederationl, Director of the Political Department, and Frederick Frey-lldrosde, member of the Federal Council, Director of the Department of Commerce and of Tolls; Who, after a communication of their respective full powers, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. Reciprocal equal- The citizens of the United States of America and the citizens of ity of citizeas. Switzerland shall be admitted and treated upon a footing of reciprocal equality in the two countries, where such admission and trecatment shall not conflict with the constitutional or legal provisions, as well federal as State and cantonal, of the contracting parties. P r i v ile 1 g e s The citizens of the United States and the citizens of Switzerland, granted. as well as the members of their families, subject to the, constitutional and legal provisions aforesaid, and yielding obedience to the laws, regulations, al(l usages of the country wherein they reside, shall be at liberty to come, go, sojourn temporarily, domiciliate or establish themselves permanently, the former in the Cantons of the Swiss Confederation, the Swiss in the States of the American Union, to acquire, possess, andl alienate thlerein property, (as is explained in Article V;) to m-anage their affairs; to exercise their profession, their industry, ancd their corn SWISS CONFEDERATION, 1850. 749 merce; to have establishments; to possess warehouses; to consign their products and their merchan(lise, and to sell them by wholesale or retail, either by themselves or by such brolkers or other agents as they may think proper; they shall have free access to the tribunals; and shall be at liberty to prosecute and defend their rights before courts of justice in the same manner as native citizens, either by themselves or by such advocates, attorneys, or other agents as they may think proper to select. No pecuniary or other more burdensome condition shall be imposed upon their residence or establishment, or upon the enjoyment of the abovementioned rights, than shall be imposed upon citizens of the country where they reside, nor any condition whatever to which the latter shall not be subject. The foregoing privileges, however, shall not extend to the exercise of Restrictions. political rights, nor to a participation in the property of communities, corporations, or institutions of which the citizens of one party, established in the other, shall not have become members or co-proprietors. ARTICLE II. The citizens of one of the two countries, residing or established in the Exemnpition from other, shall be free from personal military service; but they shall be military servi e, liable to the pecuniary or material contributions which may be required, &C by way of compensation, froml citizens of the country where they reside, who are exempt from the said service. No higher impost, under whatever name, shall be exacted from the Internal taxes. citizens of one of the two countries, residing or established in the other, than shall be levied upon citizens of the country in which they reside, nor any contribution whatsoever to which the latter shall not be liable. In case of war, or of expropriation for purposes of public utility, the Indemnities fo r citizens of one of the two countries, residing or established in the other, damages. shall be placed upon an equal footing with the citizens of the country in which they reside in respect to indemnities for da.mages they may have sustained. ARTICLE III. The citizens of one of the two republics, residing or established in the Return of citiother, who shall desire to return to their country, or who shall be sent ze ns to original thither by a judicial decision, by an act of police, or in conformity with country. the laws and regulations on morals and mendicity, shall be received at all times and under all circumstances, they, their wives, and their legitimate issue, in the country to which they belong, and in which they shall have preserved their rights in conformity with the laws thereof. ARTICLE IV. In order to establish their character as citizens of the United States Passports. of America, or as citizens of Switzerlandl persons belonging to the two contracting countries shall be bearers of passports, or of other papers in due form, certifv'ing their nationality, as well as that of the members of their family, furnished or authenticated by a diplomatic or consular agent of their nation, residing in the one of the two countries which they wish to inhabit. ARTICLE V. The citizens of each one of the contracting parties shall have power Disposal and into (dispose of their personal property within the jurisdiction of the other Ihritancl of p rby sale, testament, donation, or in any other manner; and their heirs, sonal property. whether by testament or ab intestato, or their successors, being citizens of the other party, shall succeed to the sai(l property, or iinherit it, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them; they may dispose of the same as they may think proper, paying no other charges tlanl those to Vwhich the inhabitants of 750 PUBLIC TREATIES. the country wherein the said property is situated shall be liable to pay Property of ab- in a similar case. In the absence of such heir, heirs, or other successors, sent heirs. the same care shall be taken by the authorities for the preservation of the property that would be taken for the preservation of the property of a native of the same country, until the lawful proprietor shall have had time to take measures for possessing himself of the same. Heirs to real es- The foregoing provisions shall be applicable to real estate situated tate. within the States of the American Union, or within the Cantons of the Swiss Confederation, in which foreigners shall be entitled to hold or in herit real estate. But in case real estate situated within the territories of one of the contracting parties should fall to a citizen of the other party,v who, on account of his being an alien, could not be permitted to hold such property in the State or in the Canton in which it may be situated, there shall be accorded to the said heir, or other successor, such term as the laws of the State or Canton will permit to sell such property; he shall be at liberty at all times to withdraw and export the proceeds thereof without difficulty, and without paying to the Government any other charges than those which in a similar case would be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which the real estate may be situated. ARTICLE VI. Contro v e rs i es Any controversy that may arise among the claimants to the same sucamong claimnants, cession, as to whom the property shall belong, shall be decided according to the laws and by the judges of the country in which the property is situated. ARTICLE VII. Consuls and Vice. The contracting parties give to each other the privilege of having, Consuls. each, in the large cities and important commercial places of their respective States, Consuls and Vice-Consuls of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers, in the discharge of their duties, as those of the most favored nations. But before any Consul [or Vice-Consul] shall act as such, he shall, in the ordinary form, be approved of by the Government to which he is commissioned. In their private and business transactions, Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall be submitted to the same laws and usages as private individuals, citizens of the place in which they reside. Withdrawal o f It is hereby understood that in case of offence against the laws by a exequaturs. Consul or a Vice-Consul, the Government to which he is commissioned may, according to circumstances, withdraw his exequatur, send himn away from the country, or have him punished in conformity with the laws, assigning to the other Government its reasons for so doing. In violability of The archives and papers belonging to the consulates shall be respected archives. inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate, or other functionary, visit, seize, or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE VIII. Imports, exports, In all that relates to the importation, exportation, and transit of their and transit of pro- respective products, the United States of America and the Swiss Conducts. federation shall treat each other, reciprocally, as the most favored nation, union of nations, State, or society, as is explained in the following articles. ARTICLE IX. Eqnality of du- Neither of the contracting parties shall impose any higher or other ties on prodncts of duties upon the importation, exportation, or transit of the natural or either country. industrial prodlucts of the other, than are or shall be payable upon the like articles, being the produce of any other coantry, not embraced within its present limits. SWISS CONFEDERATION, 1850. 751 ARTICLE X. In order the more effectually to attain the object contemplated in Favors granted Article VIII, each of the contracting parties hereby enlgages not to to other nations to grant any favor in commerce to any,nation, union of nations, State, or society, which shall not immediately be enjoyed by the other party. ARTICLE XI. Should one of the contracting parties tinpose differential duties upon Differential duthe products of any nation, the other party shall be at liberty to deter- ties. mine the manner of establishing the origin of its own products destined to enter the country by which the differential duties are imposed. ARTICLE XII. The Swiss territory shall remain open to the admission of articles Freedom of comarriving from the United States of America.; in like manner, no port of merce. the said States shall be closed to articles arriving from Switzerland, provided they are conveyed in vessels of the United States, or in vessels of any country having free access to the ports of said States. Swiss Swiss merchanmerchandise arriving under the flag of the United States, or under that dise ulnder flag of of one of the nations most favored by them, shall pay the same duties United States. as the merchandise of such nation; under any other flag it shall be treatedl as the merchandise of the country to which the vessel belongs. In case of shipwreck and of salvage on the coasts of the United States, S h i pwreck and Swiss merchandise shall be respected and treated as that belonging to salvage on coasts citizens of the said States. of United States. The United States consent to extend to Swiss products, arriving or Swiss products. shipped under their flag, the advantages which are or shall be enjoyed by the products of the most favored nation arriving or shipped under the same flag. It is hereby understood that no stipulation of the present article shall in any manner interfere with those of the four foregoing articles, nor with the measures which have been or shall be adopted by either of the contracting countries in the interest of public morality, security, or order. ARTICLE XIII. The United States of America and the Swiss Confederation, on requi- Extradition of sitions made in their name through the medium of their respective Dip- criminals. lomatic or Consular Agents, shall deliver up to justice persons who, being charged wth the crimes enumerated in the following article, committed within the jurisdiction of the requiring party, shall seek asylum or shall be found within the territories of the other: Provided, That Eviden c e o f this shall be done only when the fact of the commission of the crime criminalty. shall be so established as to justify their apprehension and commnnitment for trial if the crime had been committed in the country where the persons so accused shall be found. ARTICLE XIV. Persons shall be delivered up, according to the provisions of this con- Ext r a i t ion vention, who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit: crimes. Murder, (including assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poisoning;) attempt to commit murder; rape; forgery, or the emission of forged papers: arson; robbery with violence, intimidation, or forcible entry of an inhabited house; piracy; embezzlement by public officers, or by persons hired or salaried to the detriment of their employers, when these crimes are subject to infamous punishrnent. 752 - PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XV. Surrender, 11 o w On the part of the United States, the surrender shall be made only made. by the authority of the Executive thereof; and on the part of the Swiss Confederation, by that of the Federal Council. ARTICLE XVI. Expenses of de- The expenses of detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the pretention and deliv- ceding articles, shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. ery. ARTICLE XVII. Political offenses, The provisions of the aforegoing articles relating to the surrender of &c., not included. fugitive criminals shall not apply to offences committed before the date hereof, nor to those of a political character. ARTICLE XVIII. Duration of con- The present convention is concluded for the period of ten years, countvention. ing from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if, one year before the expiration of that period, neither of the contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification, its intention to the other to arrest the operations of said convention, it shall continue binding for twelve months longer, and so on,. from year to year, until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar declaration, whatever the tine at which it may take place. ARTICLE XIX. Ratifications. This convention shall be submitted, on both sides, to the approval and ratification of the respective competent authorities of each of the contracting plarties? and the ratifications shall be exchangPd at the city of WVashington as soon as circumstances shall admit. Signatures. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, under reserve of the above-mentioned ratifications, both in the English and French languages, and they have thereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in quadruplicate, at the city of Berne, this twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty. A. DUDLEY MANN. [L. S.] H. DRUEY. [L. S.] F. FREY-WHEROSE E. S.1 TEXAS, 1838. 753 TEXAS. [Tile treaties with Texas were superseded by the annexation of that republic to tho United States.] TEXAS, 1838. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RE- April 11, 1838 PUBLIC OF TEXAS FOR SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS ARISING FROM THE SEIZURE OF THE JBRIGS POCKET AND DURANGO, CONCLUDED AT HOUSTON APRIIL 11, 1838; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 13, 1838: RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JUNE 21, 1838; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGEIJ AT WASHINGTON JULY 6, 1838; PROCLAIMED JULY 6, 1838. Convention between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Texas, to terminate the reclamations of the former Government for the capture, seizure, and detention of the brigs Pocket and Daurango, and for injuries suffered by American citizens on board the Pocket. Alcee La Branche, Charge d'Affaires of the United States of America, Negotiators. near the Republic of Texas, acting on behalf of the said United States of America, and B. A. Irion, Secretary of State of the Rgepublic of Texas, acting on behalf of the said Republic, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. The Government of the Republic of Texas, with a view to satisfy the Texas to indemaforesaid reclamations for the capture, seizure, and confiscation of the nify the United two vessels aforementioned, as well as for indemnity to American citi- States. zeus who have suffered injuries from the said Government of Texas, or its officers, obliges itself to pay the sum of eleven thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars ($11,750) to the Government of the United States of America, to be distributed amongst the claimants by the said Government of the United States of America. ARTICLE II. The sum of eleven thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars, ($11,750,) agreed on in the first art[icle,] shall be paid in gold or silver, with inter- Payment of the est at six per cent., one year after the exchange of the ratifications of indemnity. this convention. The said payment shall.be made at the seat of Government of the Republic of Texas, into the hands of such person or persons as shall be duly authorized by the Government of the United States of America to receive the same. ARTICLE III. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the city of Washingtou, in the space of three Ratifications. months from this date, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the parties above named have respectively subscribed these articles, and thereto affixed their seals. Signatures. Done at the city of Houston on the eleventh day of the month of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight. Date. ALCiE LA BRANCHE.. [. s.] R. A. IRION. [L. S.] R s Iv-48 754 PUBLIC TREATIES. TEXAS, 1838. Aprlil 25, 1838. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUTBLIC OF TEXAS RELATIVE TO BOUNDARY, CONCLUDED AT WASHINGTON APRIL 25, 18:38;. RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MAY 10, 1838: RATIFIED BY PIRESIDENT OCTOBER 4, 1838; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON OCTOBER 12, 1838; PROCLAIMED OCTOBERI 13, 1838. Convention between the United States of America and the Republic of Texas,.for mCarking the boundary between them. Preamble. Whereas the treaty of limits made and concluded on the twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight, between the United States of America on the one part and the United Mexican States on the other, is binding upon the Republic of Texas, the same having been entered into at a time when Texas formed a part of the said United Mexican States; And whereas it is deemed proper and expedient, in order to prevent future disputes and collisions between the United States and Texas in regard to the boundary between the two countries as designated by the said treaty, that a portion of the same should be run and marked without unnecessary delay: Negotiators. The President of the United States has appointed John Forsyth their Plenipotentiary, and the President of the Republic of Texas has appointed Memucan Hunt its Plenipotentiary; And the said( Plenipotentiaries, having exchanged their full powers, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. Boundary line. Each of the contracting parties shall appoint a commissioner and surveyor, who shall meet, before the termination of twelve months from the exchange of the ratifications of this convention, at New Orleans, and proceed to run and mark that portion of the said boundary which extends from the mouth of the Sabine, where that river enters the Gulph of Mexico, to tlie Red River. They shall make out plans and keep journals of their proceedings, and the result agreed upon by them shall be considered as part of this convention, and shall have the same force as if it were inserted therein. The two Governments will amicably agree respecting the necessary articles to be furnished to those persons, and also as to their respective escorts, should such be deemed necessary. ARTICLE II. E ach party to And it is agreed that until this line shall be marked out, as is proexercise, jlrisdic- vided for in the foregoing article, each of the contracting parties shall tion until the line continue to exercise jurisdiction in all territory over which its jurisdiction has hitherto been exercised; and that the remaining portion of the said boundary line shall be run and marked at such time hereafter as may suit the convenience of both the contracting parties, until whichE time each of the said parties shall exercise, without the interference of the other, within the territory of which the boundary shall not have been so marked and run, jurisdiction to the same extent to which it has been heretofore usually exercised. ARTICLE III. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington, within the term of six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. Signlatures. In witness whereof we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed the same, and have hereunto affixed our respective seals. Date. Done at Washington this twenty-fifth day of April, in the. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, in the sixty-second year of the Independence of the United States of America, and in the third of that of the Republic of Texas. JOHN IFORSYTH. [L. s.] M. lliUCA.TN HUNT. {L. S. TRIPOLI, 1796. 755 TRIPOLI. TRIPOLI, 1796-1797. TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES Nov. 4, 1796, OF AMERICA AND TRIPOLI, CONCLUDED NOVEMBER 4, 1796, AND JAN- January 3, 1797. UARY 3, 1797; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 7, 1797. Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the United States of America, ant the Bey and Subjects of Tripoli, of Barbary. ARTICLE I. There is a firm and perpetual peace and friendship between the United Peace, and friendStates of America and the Bey and subjects of Tripoli of Barbary, made ship. by the free consent of both parties, and guaranteed by the M'ost Potent Dey and Regency of Algiers. ARTICLE II. If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties Enemy's goods is at war, shall be loaded on board of vessels belonging to the other parties toel obef tfrhe party, they shall pass free, and no attempt shall be made to take or detain them. ARTICLE III. If any citizens, subjects, or effects belonging to either party, shall be Restorati on o f found on board a prize-vessel taken from an enemy by the other party, subjects and goods. such citizens or subjects shall be set at liberty, and the effects restored to the owners. ARTICLE IV. Proper passports are to be given to all vessels of both parties, by Passports. which they are to be known. And considering the distance between the two countries, eighteen months from the date of this treaty shall be allowed for procuring such passports. During this interval, the other papers belonging to such vessels shall be sufficient for their protection. ARTICLE V. A citizen or subject of either party having bought a prize-vessel con- Prize-vessels. demned by the party or by any other nation, the certificate of condemnation and bill of sale shall be a sufficient passport for such vessel for one year; this being a reasonable time for her to procure a proper passport. ARTICLE VI. Vessels of either party putting into the ports of the other, and having Vessels needing need of provisions or other supplies, they shall be furnished at the mar- provisions or reket price. And if any such vessel shall so put in from a disaster at sea., pairs. and have occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to land and reimbark her cargo, without paying any duties. But in no case shall she be compelled to land her cargo. 756 PUBLIC ITREATIES. ARTICLE VII. Wrecked vessels. Should a vessel of either party be cast on the shore of the other, all proper assistance shall be given to her and her people-no pillage shall be allowed; the property shall remain at the disposition of the ownersr and the crew protected and succoured till they can be sent to their country.. ARTICLE VIII. Neu t r a i t y of If a vessel of either party shall be attacked by- an enemy within gun - ports. shot of the forts of the other, she shall be defended as much as possible. If she be in port, she shall not be seized or attacked, when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; and when she proceeds to sea, no'enemy shall be allowed to pursue her from the same port within twenty-four hours after her departure. ARTICLE IX. Commerce, &c., The commerce between the United States and Tripoli; the protecon footing of most tion to be given to merchants, masters of vessels and seamen; the refavoured nations. cliprocal right of establishing Consuls in each country, and the privileges, immunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such Consuls are declared to be on the same footing with those of the most favoured nations respectively. ARTICLE X. Price of peace. The money and presents demanded by the Bey of Tripoli, as a full and satisfactory consideration on his part, and on the part of his subjects, for this treaty of. perpetual peace and friendship, are acknowledged to have been received by him previous to his signing the same, according to a receipt which is hereto annexed; except such part as is promised on the part of the United States, to be delivered and paid by them on the arrival of their Consul in Tripoli, of which part a notice is likewise hereto annexed. And no pretence of any periodical tribute or farther payment is ever to be made by either party. ARTICLE xr. R eligious free- As the Government of the United States of America is not in any dom. sense founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity of Musselmen; and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries ARTICLE XII. V i o 1a t tions of In case of any dispute arising from the violation of any of the articles treaty. of this treaty, no appeal shall be made to armns, nor shall war be declared on any pretext whatever. But if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, Arbitration b y anl amicable reference shall be made to the nmutual friend of the parties, Dey of Algiers. the Dey of Algiers, the parties hereby engaging to abide by his decision. And he, by virtue of his signature to this treaty, engages for himself and his successors to'declare the justice of the case according to the true interpretation of the treaty, and to use all themeans in his power to eniforce the observance of the same. TRIPOLI, 1796-1797. 757 Signed and sealed at Tripoli of Barbary, the 3d day of Jumad, in the Signatures; date. year of the Hegira 1211, corresponding with the 4th day of November, 1796, by JUSSUTF BASIAW` MAHOMET, Bey. IL. s.] MAMET, Treasurer. [. S.] AMET, Minister of Marine. [L. S.] AMET,. Chamberlain. [L. S.] ALLY, Chief of the Divan. [L. S.] SOLIMAN KAYA. [L. S.I -GALIL, General of the Troops. [L. S.] MAHOMET, Ciadt. of the City. [L. S.] MAMET, iSeretary. [L. S.] Signed and sealed at Algiers, the 4th day of Argil. 1211, correspomding with the 3d daby of January, 1797, by HASSAN BASHAWV, Dey. [L.] And by the Agent Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, JOEL BARILOV. [L. s.] I, Joel Barlow, Agent and Consul General of the United States of C ertificate of America, for the City and Kingdom of Algiers, certify and attest that Joel Barlow. the foregoing is a true copy of the treaty, concluded between the said United States and the Bey and subjects of Tripoli of Barbary, of which the original is to be transmitted by me to the Minister of the said United States, in Lisbon. In testimony whereof, I sign these presents with my hand, and affix thereto the seal of the Consulate of the United States, at Algiers, this 4th day of January, 1797. JOEI~ BARLOW. [I' s.] To all to whom these presents shall come or be made known: Whereas the under-written David Humphreys hath been duly ap- Confirmation of pointed Commissioner Plenipotentiary, by letters-patent under the sig- treaty by David inature of the President and seal of the United States of America, dated Hlmphreys. the 30th of March, 1795, for negotiating and concluding a treaty of peace with the most illustrious the Bashaw, Lords and Governors of the City and Kingdom of Tripoli: Whereas, by a writing under his hand and seal, dated the 10th of February, 1796, he did, (in conformity to the authority committed me therefor,) constitute and appoint Joel Barlow, and Joseph Donaldson, junior, agents, jointly and separately in the business aforesaid: Whereas the annexed treaty of peace and friendship was agreed upon, signed and sealed at Tripoli of Ba.rbary, on the 4th of November, 1796, in virtue of the powers aforesaid, and guaranteed by the Most Potent Dey and Regency of Algiers: And whereas the same was certified at Algiers on the 3d of January, 1797, with the signature and seal of H3:assan Bashaw, Dey, and of Joel Barlow, one of the agents aforesaid, in the absence of the other. Now, know ye, that I, David Hlumphreys, Commissioner Plenipoten- Final ratification tiary aforesaid, do approve and conclude the said treaty, and every dent orvf Unitedsi article and clause therein contained, reserving the same nevertheless States. for the final ratification of the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said United States. In testimony whereof, I have signed the same with my name and seal, at the city of Lisbon, this 10th of February, 1797. DAVID HlUlMPHIREYS. [L. s.] 758 I'ULIC TREATIES. TRIPOLI, 1805. June 4, 1805. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMER. ICA AND THE BASEIAW, BEY, AND SUBJECTS OF TRIPOLI, IN BARBARY, CONCLUDED AT TRIPOLI JUNE 4, 1805; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 1'2, 1806. ARTICLE I. Peace anclfriend- There shall be from the conclusion of this treaty a firm, inviolable, ship. and universal peace, and a sincere friendship, between the President and citizens of the United States of America, on the one part, and the Bashaw, Bey, and subjects of the Regency of Tripoli, in Barbar~y, on the other, made by the free consent of both parties, and on the terms Favors granted of the most favored nation. And if either party shall hereafter grant to other nations to to any other nation any particular favor or privilege in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become common to the other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such other nation, but where the grant is conditional, it shall be at the option of the contracting parties to accept,.alter, or reject such conditions, in such manner as shall be most conducive to their respective interests. ARTICLE II Prisoners to be The Bashaw of Tripoli shall deliver up to the American squadron now delivered up. Off Tripoli all the Americans in his possession, and all the subjects of the Bashaw of Tripoli now in the power of the United States of America shall be delivered up to him; and as the number of Americans in possession of the Bashaw of Tripoli amounts to three hundred persons, more or less, and the number of Tripoline subjects in the power of the Americans is about one hundred, more or less, the Bashaw of Tripoli shall receive from the United States of America the sum of sixty thousand dollars, as a payment for the difference between the prisoners herein mentioned. ARTICLE III. American forces All the forces of the United States which have been or may be in to be withdrawn. hostility against the Bashaw of Tripoli, in the province of Derne, or elsewhere within the dominions of the said Bashaw, shall be withdrawn therefrom; and no supplies shall be given by or in behalf of the said United States, during the continuance of this peace, to any of the subjects of the said Bashaw who may be in hostility against him, in any part of his dominions; and the Americans will use all means in their power to persuade the brother of the said Bashaw, who has co-operated with them at Derne, &c., to withdraw from the territory of the said Bashaw of Tripoli, but will not use any force or improper means to effect that object; and in case he should withdraw himself as aforesaid, the Bashaw engages to deliver up to him his wife and children, now in his power. ARTICLE IV. Enemy's goods If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties onil a vessel of the are at war should be loaded on board vessels belonging to the other partiesto be free. party, they shall pass free and. unmolested, and no attempts shall be made to take or detain them. ARTICLE V. RSstorat{i on 1 of If any citizens or subjects, with their effects, belonging to either party, sul!jectcs anl goods. shall be found on board a prize vessel taklen from an enemy by the other party, such citizens or subjects shall be liberated immediately, and thleir effects so captured shall be restored1 to their lawful owners, or tleir aigents. TRIPOLI, 1805. 759 ARTICLE VI. Proper passports shall immediately be given to the vessels of both Passports. the contracting parties, on condition that the vessels of war belonging to the Regency of Tripoli, on meeting with merchant-vessels belonging to citizens of the United States of America, shall not be permitted to visit them with more than two persons besides the rowers; these two only shall be permitted to go on board, without first obtaining leave from the commander of said vessel, who shall compare the passport, and immediately permit said vessel to proceed on her voyage; and should any of the said subjects of Tripoli insult or molest the commander, or any other person on board a vessel so visited, or plunder any of the property contained in her, on complaint being made by the Consul of tile United States of America resident at Tripoli, and on his producing sufficient proof to substantiate the fact, the commander or rais of said Tripoline ship or vessel of war, as well as the offenders, shall be punished in the most exemplary manner. All vessels of war belonging to the United States of America, on meeting with a cruizer belonging to the Regency of Tripoli, on having seen her passport and certificate from the Consul of the United States of America residing in the Regency, shall permit her to proceed on her cruize unmolested, and without detention. No passport shall be granted by either party to any vessels, but such as are absolutely the property of citizens or subjects of said contracting parties, on any pretence whatever. ARTICLE VII. A citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties, having bought Prize-vessels. a prize-vessel, condemned by the other party, or by any other nation, the certificate of condemnation and bill of sale shall be a sufficient passport for such vessel for two years, which, considering the distance between the two countries, is no more than a reasonable time for her to procure proper passports. ARTICLE VIII. Vessels of either party, putting into the ports of the other, and hay- Vessels needing ing need of provisions or other supplies, they shall be furnished at the provisions or remarket price, and if any such vessel should so putt in, from a, disaster pairs. at sea, and have occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to land and reimbark her cargo without paying any duties; but in no case shall she be compelled to land her cargo. ARTICLE IX. Should a vessel of either party be cast on the shore of the other, all Wrecked vessels. proper assistance shall be given to her and her crew. No pillage shall be allowed, the property shall remain at the disposition of the owners, and the crew protected and succoured, till they can be sent to their country. ARTICLE X. If a vessel of either party shall be attacked by an enemy within gun- Neutral i t y o f shot of the forts of the other, she shall be defended as much as possi- ports. ble. If she be in port, she shall not be seized or attacked when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; and when she proceeds to sea, no enemy shall be allowed to pursue her from the same port within twenty four hours after her departure. ARTICLE XI. The commerce between the United States of America and the Regency Commerce, &c., of Tripoli; the lproteetions to be given to Inerchants, nmasters of vess OfL'oo.tiLg o:f iiost sels, ad sea men;llllell the l'ecl)'rocal r'i4ht Of estaLblisthing Consuls ill each lavoel nations 760 PUB LLIC IEATIlES. country, and the privileges, immunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such Consuls, are declared to be on the same footing with those of the most favored nations, respectively. ARTICLE XII. Consul of United The Consul of the United States of America shall not be answerable States not answer- for debts contracted by citizens of his own nation, unless he previously cile for debts of gives a written obligation so to do. ARTICLE XIIJ. Salutes to ships On a vessel of war belonging to the United States of America, anchorof war. ing before the city of Tripoli, the Consul is to inform the Bashaw of her arrival, and she shall be saluted with twenty-one guns, which she is to return in the same quantity or number. ARTICLE XIV. Religious free- As the Government of the United States of America has in itself no dom. character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquility of Musselmen, and as the said States never have entered into any voluntary war or act of hostility against any Mahomnetan nation, except in the defence of their just rights to freely navigate the high seas, it is declared by the contracting parties, that no pretext arising froim religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two nations. And the Consuls and Agents of both nations respectively, shall have liberty to exercise his religion in his own house. All slaves of the same religion shall not be impeded in going to said Consul's house at hours of prayer. The Consuls shall have liberty and personal security given them to travel within the territories of each other both by land and sea, and shall not be prevented from going on board any vessel that they may think proper to visit. They shall have likewise the liberty to appoint their own drogaman and brokers. ARTICLE X V. Viola t ion s of In case of any dispute arising, from the violation of any of the articles treaty. of this treaty, no appeal shall be made to arms; nor shall war be declared on any pretext whatever; but if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, the Government of that country shall state their grievances in writing, and transmit it to the Government of the other; and the period of twelve calendar months shall be allowed for answers to be returned, during which time no act of hostility shall be permitted by either party; and Rights of resi- in case the grievances are not redressed, and a war should be the event, lents in case of the Consuls and citizens or subjects of both parties, reciprocally, shall be permitted to embark with their effects unmolested on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper. ARTICLE XVI. Exchange of pris- Ifin the fluctuation of human events, a war should break out between oners. the two nations, the prisoners captured by either party shall not be made slaves, but shall be exchanged rank for rank. A nd if there should be a deficiency on either side, it shall be made up by the payment of five hundred Spanish dollars for each captain, three hundred dollars for each mate and supercargo, and one hundred Spanish dollars for each seraman se wanting. And it is agreed that prisoners shall be exchanged in twelve months from the time of their capture; and that the exchange may be effected by any private individual legally authorized by either of the parties. TRIPOLI, 1805. 761 ARTICLE XVIIE If any of the Barbary States, or other Powers, at war with the United Captured AmeriStates of America, shall capture any American vessel, and send her can vessels. into any of the ports of the Regency of Tripoli, they shall not be perritted to sell her, but shall be obliged to depart the port, on procuring the requisite supplies of provisions; and no duties shall be exacted on the sale of prizes, captured by the vessels sailing under the flag of the United States of America, when brought into any port in the Regency of Tripoli. ARTIC(LE XVIII. If any of the citizens of the United States, or any persons under their Disputes to b e protection, shall have any disputes with each other, the Consul shall de- settled by the concide between the parties, and whenever the Consul shall require ally sul of the United aid or assistance from the Government of Tripoli to enforce his decis- States. ions, it shall immediately be granted to him, and if any disputes shall arise between any citizen of the United States and the citizens or subjects of any other nation having a Consul or Agent in Tripoli; such disputes shall be settled by the Consuls or Agents of the respective nations. ARTICLE XIX. If a citizen of the United States should kill or wound a Tripoline, or, Punishment for on the contrary, if a Tripoline shall kill or wound a citizen of the United killing, &e. States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the Consul assisting at the trial; and if any delinquent shall -make his escape, the Consul shall not be answerable for him in any manner whatever. ARTICLE XX. Should any of the citizens of the United States of America die within Citizensof United the limits of the Regency of Tripoli, the Bashaw and his subjects shall States dying in the not interfere with the property of the deceased, but it shall be under Regency. the immediate direction of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. Should there be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property. Neither shall the Bashaw or his subjects give hindrance in the execution of any will that may appear. Whereas the undersigned, Tobias Lear, Consul General of the United C e r t i ficate of States of America, for the Regency of Algiers, being duly appointed Tobias Lear. Commissioner, by letters-patent under the signature of the President and seal of the United States of America, bearing date at the city of Vashington, the 18th day of November, one thousand eight hundred and three, for negociating and concluding a treaty of peace between the United States of America, and the Bashaw, Bey, and subjects of the Regency of Tripoli in Barbary. Now know ye, that I, Tobias Lear, Commissioner as aforesaid, do con- Final ratification elude the foregoing treaty, and every article and clause therein con- reserved to Presitained, reserving the same, nevertheless, for the final ratification of the dent of the United President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and States. consent of the Senate of the said United States. Done at Tripoli, in Barbary, the fourth cday of June, in the year one Date thousand eight hundred and flive, corresponding with the sixth day of the first month of Rabbias 1220. TOBIAS LEAR. Having appeared in our presenee, Colonel Tobias Lear, Consul-General of the United States of Amllerica, inl the Regency of Algiers, and 762 PUBLIC TREATIES. Commissioner for negociating and concluding a treaty of peace and friendship between us and the United. States of America, bringing with him the present treaty of peace, with the within articles, they were by us minutely examined, and we do hereby accept, confirm, and ratify them, ordering all our subjects to fulfil etltirely their contents without any violation, and under no pretext. Signatures of the In witness whereof we, with the heads of our Regency, subscribe it. Regency. Given at Tripoli, in Barbary, the sixth day of the first month of RabDate. bia, 1220, corresponding with the fourth (lay of June, 1805. JUSUF CARIAMANLY, Bashaw. [I. S.] MAHAMET CARAMAINLY, Bey. [L. S.1 MOHAIMET, Kahia. [L. s.] /i AMET, Rais de Marine. JL. S.] MAHAMET DEGHEIS, First Minister. [L. S. I SALAH, Aga of Divan. IL. S.] SELIM, Harmadar. [L. s.] MURAT, Dulartile. IL. S.] MURAT RAIS. Admiral. [L. S.] SOLIMAN, Kehia. [L. S.] ABDALLA, Basa Aga. [L. S. MAHAMET, Scheig al Belad. [L. S.] ALLI BEN DIALE, First Secretary. [L. s.] 'TUNIIS, 1797-1799. 763 TUNIS. TUNIS, 1797-1799. TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF August, 1797AMERICA AND THE KINGDOM OF TUNIS, CONCLUDED AT TUNIS AUGUST, March 26, 1799. 1797-MARCH 26, 1799; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 6, 1798, ON CONDITION THAT 14TH ARTICLE BE SUSPENDED, AND FRIENDLY NEGOTIATION ON THE SUBJECT WITH BEY OF TIUNIS RECOMMENDED; CERTAIN ALTERATIONS IN 11TH, 12TH, AND 14TH ARTICLES AGREED TO MARCH 26, 1799. God is infinite. Under the auspices of the greatest, the most powerful of all the Preamble. Princes of the Ottoman nation who reign upon the earth, our most glorious and most august Emperor, who commands the two lands and the two seas, Selim Kan, the victorious son of the Sultan Moustafa, whose realm may God prosper until the end of ages, the support of Kings, the Seal of Justice, the Emperor of Emperors. The Most Illustrious and Most Magnificent Prince, Hamouda Pacha, Bey, who commands the Odgiak of Tunis, the abode of happiness, and the Most Honored Ibrahim Dey, and Soliman, Aga of the Jtanissaries, and Chief of the Divan, and all the Elders of the Odgiak; and the Most Distinguished and Honored President of the Congress of the United States of America, the most distinguished among those who profess the religion of the Messiah, of whom may the end be happy. WTe have concluded between us the present treaty of peace and friendship, all the articles of which have been framed by the intervention of Joseph Stephen Famin, French merchant residing at Tunis, Charge d'Affaires of the United States of America, which stipulations and conditions are comprised in twenty-three articles, written and expressed in such manner as to leave no doubt of their conltents, and in such way as not to be contravened. ARTICLE I. There shall be a perpetual andl constant peace between the United Peace and friendStates of America and the Magnificent Pacha, Bey of Tunis; and also a ship. permanent friendship, which shall more and more increase. ARTICLE IL. If a vessel of war of the two nations shall make prize of an enemyys R e s t o ration of vessel, in which may be found effects, property, and subjects of the two subjects and goods. contracting parties, the whole shall be restored: the Bey shall restore the property and subjects of the United States, and the latter shall make a reciprocal restoration, it being understood on both sides that the just right to what is claimed shall be proved. ARTICLE IIIo M1erchalndise belonging to any nation which may be at war with one Enemies' goods of the contracting parties, andtl loadcled on board of the vessels of the other, on a vessel of the shall paIss without mnolestation, and without atny attempat being madeL- to parties to be free~ ca:lture or detainti it. 764 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE IV. Passports. On both sides sufficient passports shall be given to vessels, that they may be known and treated as friendly; and, considering the distance between the two countries, a term of eighteen months is given, within which term respect shall be paid to the said passports, without requiring the cong6 or document, (which, at Tunis, is called testa,) but after the said term the cong6 shall be presented. ARTICLE V. Vessels u n de r If the corsairs of Tunis shall meet at sea with ships of war of the United convoy. States, having under their escort merchant-vessels of their nation, they shall not be searched or molested; and in such case the commanders shall be believed upon their word, to exempt their ships fromn being visited, and to avoid quarantine. The American ships of war shall act in like manner towards merchant-vessels escorted by the corsairs of Tunis. ARTICLE VT. Visits at sea. If a Tunisian corsair shall meet with an American merchant-vessel, and shall visit it with her boat, she shall not exact anything. under pain of being severely punished. And in like manner if a vessel of war of the United States shall meet with a Tunisian merchant-vessel, she shall Fugitive slav e s observe the same rule. In case a slave shall take refuge on board of an antd prisoners. American vessel of war, the Consul shall be required to cause him to be [See convention restored; and if any of their prisoners shall escape on board of the of 1824, p. 768.] Tunisian vessels they shall be restored. But if any slave shall take refuge in any American merchant-vessel, and it shall be proved that the vessel has departed with the said slave, then he shall be returned, or his ransom shall be paid. ARTICLE VII. Prize-vessels. An American citizen having purchased a prize vessel from our Odgiak, may sail with our passport, which we will deliver for the termr of one year, by force of which our corsairs which may meet with her shall respect her; the Consul, on his part, shall furnish her with a bill of sale, and, considering the distance of the two countries, this term shall suffice to obtain a, passport in form. But, after the expiration of this term, if our corsairs shall meet with her without the passport of the United States, she shall be stopped and declared good prize, as well the vessel as the cargo and crew. ARTICLE VIII. Vessels needing If a vessel of one of the contracting parties shall be obliged to enter into provisions or re- a port of the other, and may have need of provisions and other articles, pairs. they shall be granted to her without any difficulty, at the price current at the place; and if such a vessel shall have suffered at sea, and shall have need of repairs, she shall be at liberty to unload and reload her cargo, without being obliged to pay any duty; and the captain shall only be obliged to pay the wages of those whom he shall have employed in loading and unloading the merchandise. ARTICLE IX. Wrecked vessels. If, by accident and by the permission of God, a vessel of one of the contracting parties shall be cast by tempest upon the coasts of the other, and shall be wrecked or otherwise damaged, the commandant of the place shall render all possible assistance for its preservation, without allowing any person to make any opposition; and the proprietor of the effects shall pay the costs of salvage to those who may have been enlployedo TUNIS, 17097-1799. 7653 ARTICLE X. In case a vessel of one of the contracting parties shall be attacked by N c u t r a lity of an enemy un(ler the cannon of the forts of the other party, she shall be ports. defended and protected as much as possible; and when she shall set sail, no enemy shall be permitted to pursue her from the same port, or any other neighboring port, for forty-eight hours after her departure. ARTICLE XI. When a vessel of war of the United States of America shall enter the Salutes to vessels port of Tunis, and the Consul shall request that the castle may salute of war. her, the number of guns shall be fired which he may request; and if the [See convention said Consul does not want a salute, there shall be no question about it. of 1824 p. 769.] But in case he shall desire the salute, and the number of guns shall be fired which he may have requested, they shall be counted and returned by the vessel in as many barrels of cannon powder. The same shall be done with respect to the Tunisian corsairs when they shall enter any port of the United States. ARTICLE XII. When citizens of the United States shall come within the dependen- Freedom of comcies of Tunis, to carry on commerce there, the same respect shall be paid meres. to them which the merchants of other nations enjoy; and if they wish to establish themselves within our ports, no opposition shall be made thereto; and they shall be free to avail themselves of such interpreters as they may judge necessary, without any obstruction, in conformity with the usages of other nations; and if a Tunisian subject shall go to establish himself within the dependencies of the United States, he shall be treated in like manner. If any Tunisian subject shall freight an American vessel and load her Freights. with merchandise, and shall afterwards want to unlade or ship them on board of another vessel, we will not permit him; until the matter is determined by a reference of mlerchants, who shall decide upon the case; and after the decision the determination shall be conformed to. No captain shall be detained in port against his consent, except when Detention. our ports are shut for the vessels of all other nations, which may take place with respect to merchant-vessels, but not to those of war. The subjects of the two contracting powers shall be under the protec- Prot e c tion of tion of the Prince, and under the jurisdiction of the Chief of the place subjects and citiwhere they may be, and no other person shall have authority over them. zeus. If the commandant of the place does not conduct himself agreeably to justice, a representation of it shall be made to us. In case the Government shall have need of an American merchant- Government of vessel, it shall cause it to be freighted, and then a suitable freight shall Tunis may frceiglht be paid to the caDtain agreeably to the intention of the Government, American vessels. and the captain shall not refuse it. 8See convention of 1524, p. 769.] ARTICLE XlII. If among the crews of merchant vessels of the United States there Enemy's subjects shall be found subjects of our enemies, they shall not be made slaves, found among erews on condition that they do not exceed a third of the crew; and when they of American vesdo exceed a third, they shall be made slaves: The present article only concerns the sailors, and not the passengers, who shall not be in any manner ml.olested. ARTICLE XIV. A Tunisian merchant who may go to America with a vessel of any na- Duties. tion soever, loaded with merchandise whichis the production of the King- [See convention (loi of Tun1ris, sharll pay (duty (smll as it is) lilke the merchants of other of 1824, p..770.] 766 PUBLIC TREATIES. nations; and the American merchants shall equally pay for the merchandise of their country, which they may bring to Tunis under their flag, the same duty as the Tunisians pay in America. But if an American merchant, or a merchant of any other nation, shall bring American merchandise under any other flag, he shall pay six per cent. duty: In like manner, if a foreign merchant shall bring the merchandise of his country under the American flag, he shall also pay six per cent. ARTICLE XV. Liberty of corn- It shall be free for the citizens of the United States to carry on what merce. commerce they please in the Kingdom of Tunis, without any opposition, an(d they shall be treated like the merchants of other nations; but they shall not carry on commerce in wine, nor in prohibited articles; and if any one shall be detected in a contraband trade, he shall be punished according to the laws of the country. The commandants of ports and castles shall take care, that the captains and sailors shall not load prohibited articles; but if this should happen, those who shall not have contributed to the smuggling shall not be molested nor searched, no more than shall the vessel and cargo; but only the offender, who shall be demanded to be punished. No captain shall be obliged to receive merchandise on board his vessel, nor to unlade the same against his will, until the freight shall be paid. ARTICLE XVI. A n chorag;e du- The merchant-vessels of the United States which shall cast anchor in ties in Tunisian the road of the Gonletta, or any other port of the Kingdom of Tunis, shall ports. be obliged to pay the same anchorage for entry and departure which French vessels pay, to wit: Seventeen piasters and a half, money of Tunlis, for entry, if they import merchandise; and the same for departure, if they take away a cargo; but they shall not be obliged to pay anchorage if they arrive in ballast, and depart in the same manner. ARTICLE XVII. Consuls. Each of the contracting parties shall be at liberty to establish a Consul in the dependencies of the other; and if such Consul does not act in conformity with the usages of the country, like others, the Government of the place shall inform his Government of it, to the end that he may be changed and replaced; but he shall enjoy, as well for himself as his family and suite, the protection of the Government; and he may import for his own use all his provisions and furniture without paying any duty; and if he shall import merchandise, (which it shall be lawful for him to do,) he shall pay duty for it. ARTICLE XVIII. Subjects con- If the subjects or citizens of either of the contracting parties, being tracting debts, &c. within the possessions of the other, contract debts, or enter into obligations, neither the Consul nor the nation, nor any subjects or citizens thereof shall be in any manner responsible, except they or the Consul shall have previously become bound in writing; and without this obligation in writing, they cannot be called upon for indemnity or satisfaction. ARTICLE XIX. E st ates of de- In case of a citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties ceased residents. dying wvithin the possessions of the other, the Consul or the Vekil shall take possession of his effects, (if he does not leave a will,) of which he shall make an inventory; and the Government of the place shall have nothing to do therewith. And if there shall be no Cousul, the effects TUNIS, 1797-179~3. 767 shall be deposited in the hands of a confidential person of the place, taking an inventory of the whole, that they lnmay eventually be delivered to those to whom they of right belong. ARTICLE XX. The Consul shall be the judge in all disputes between his fellow-citi- Consul's jurisdiczens or subljects, as also between all other persons who may be immne- tion. diately under his protection; and in all cases wherein he shall require the assistance of the Government where he resides to sanction his decisions, it shall be granted to him. ARTICLE XXI. If a citizen or subject of one of the parties shall kill, wound, or strike Punishment for a citizen or subject of the other, justice shall be done according to the personal assaults. law's of the country where the offence shall be committed: The Consul shall be present at the trial; but if any offender shall escape, the Consul shall be in no manner responsible for it. ARTICLE XXII. If a dispute or law-suit on commercial or other civil matters shall Trial of civil lishappen; the trial shall be had in the presence of the Consul, or of a con- putes. fidential person of his choice, who shall represent him, and endeavor to accommodate the difference which may have happened between the citizens or subjects of the two nations. ARTICLE XXIII. If any difference or dispute shall take place concerning the infraction Infrac t ion of of any article of the present treaty on either side, peace and good har- treaty. mony shall not be interrlupted, until a friendly application shall have been llmade for satisfaction; and resort shall not be had to arms therefor, except where stcll application shall ha;ve been rejected; and if war be Privileges ofresithen declared, the term of one year shall be allowed to the citizens or dents in case of subjects of the contracting parties to arrange their affairs, and to with- war. draw themselves with their property. The agreements and terms above concluded by the two contracting parties shall be punctually observed with the will of the Most High. And for the maintenance and exact observance of the said agreements, we have caused their contents to be here transcribed, in the present month of Rebia Elul, of the Hegira one thousand two hundred and twelve, corresponding with the month of August of the Christian year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven. The Aga IBRAHlIM DEY'S The Bey's SOLIMAN'S Signature Signature Signature and and and [SEAL.] [SEAL.] [SEAL.] Whereas the President of the United States of America, by his letters Certific ate of patent, under his signature and the seal of state, dated the negotiation. [SEAL.] eighteenth day of December, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight, vested Richard O'Brien, William Eaton, and James Leander Catheart, or any two of them in the absence of the third, with full powers to confer, negotiate, and conclude with the Bey and Regency of Tunis, on1 certain alteratios in the treaty between the United States and the Government of Tunis, concluded by the intervention of Joseph Etienne Famin, on l)ehalf of the United States, in the month of August, one thou 768 PUBLIC TREATIES. sand seven hundred and ninety-seven, we, the underwritten William Eatofn and James LeaIlder Cathcart, (Richard O'Brien being absent,) have concluded on and entered, in the foregoing treaty, certain alterations in the eleventh, twelfth, and fourteenth articles, and do agree to said treaty Final ratification with said alterations, reserving the same nevertheless for the final ratireserved for Presi- fication of the President of the United States, by and with the advice dent of United and consent of the Senate. SIn testimony whereof we annex our names and the consular seal of the United States. Done in Tunis, the twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of the Christian era one thousand seven hundred and ninetynine, and of American Independence the twenty-third. WILLIAM EATON. JAMES LEANDER CATHE(ART. TUNIS, 1824. Feb. 24, 1824. CONVENTION TO ALTER ARTICLES OF TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE BEY OF TUNIS, CONCLUDED AT TUNIS FEBRUARY 24, 1824; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 13, 1825; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; PROCLAIMED JANUARY 21, 1825. Preamble. Whereas sundry articles of the treaty of peace and friendship, con[See treaty of cluded between the United States of America and Hamuda Bashaw, of 1797, pp. 763-768.] happy memory, in the month of Rebia Elul, in the year of the Hegira 1212, corresponding with the month of August, of the Christian year 1797, have, by experience, been found to require alteration and amendment: In order, therefore, that the United States should be placed on the same footing with the most favored nations having treaties with Tunis, as well as to manifest a respect for the American Government, and a desire to continue unimpaired the friendly relations which have always existed between the two nations, it is hereby agreed and concluded between His Highness Sidi Mahmoud Bashaw, Bey of Tunis, and S. D. Heap, Esquire, Charge d'Affaires of the United States of America, that alteration be made in the sixth, eleventh, twelfth, and fourteenth articles of said treaty, and that the said articles shall be altered and amended in the treaty to read as follows: ARTICLE the 6th-As it now is. ARTICLE 6th-As it was. Visits at sea. If a Tunisian corsair shall meet If a Tunisian corsair shall meet with an American vessel, alld shall with an American merchant vessel, visit it with her boat, two men only and shall -visit it with her boat, she shall be allowed to go on board, shall not exact anything, under peaceably, to satisfy themselves of pain of being severely punished. its being American, who, as well as And, in like manner, if a vessel of any passengers of other nations war of the United States shall meet they may have on board, shall go with a Tunisian merchant vessel, free, both them and their goods; she shall observe the same rule. In and the said two men shall not case a slave shall take refuge on exact anything, on pain of being board of an American vessel of war, Slaves escaping severely punished. In case a slave the Consul shall be required to cause to be free. escapes, and takes refuge on board him to be restored; and if any an American vessel of war, he shall of their prisoners shall escape on be free, and no demand shall be board of the Tunisian vessels, they made either for his restoration or shall be restored; but if any slave for payment. shall take refuge in any American merchant vessel, and it shall be proved that the vessel has departed with the said slave, then he shall be returned, or his ransom shall be paid. TUNIS, 1824. 769 ARTICLE the 11th-As it now is. ARTICLE 11th-As it was. When a vessel ofwar ofthe United When a vessel of war of the Salutes. States shall enter the port of the United States of America shall enGouletta, she shall be saluted with ter the port of Tunis, and the Contwenty-one guns, which salute the sul shall request that the Castle vessel of war shall return gun for may salute her, the number of guns gun only, and no powder will be shall be fired which he may request; given, as mentioned in the ancient and if the said Consul does not eleventh article of this treaty, which want a salute, there shall be no is hereby annulled. question about it. But, in case he shall desire the salute, and the number of guns shall be fired which he may have requested, they shall be counted, anl returned by thel' vessel in as many barrels of cannon-powder. The same shall be done with respect to the Tunisian corsairs, when they shall enter any port of the United States. ARTICLE the 12th-As it now is. ARTICLE 12th-As it was. When citizens of the United When citizens of the United Freedom of comStates shall come within the depen- States shall come within the depen- merce.dencies of Tunis to carry on corn- dencies of Tunis to carry on cormmerce there, the same respect shall merce there, the same respect shall be paid to them which the mer- be paid to them which the merchants of other nations enjoy; and chants of other nations enjoy;and if they wish to establish themselves if they wish to establish themselves within our ports, no opposition within our ports, no opposition shall be made thereto, and they shall be made thereto; and they shall be free to avail themselves of shall be free to avail themselves of such interpreters as they may judge such interpreters as they mayjudge necessary, without any obstruction, necessary, without any obstruction, in conformity with the usages of in conformity with the usages of other na;tions; and if a Tunisian other nations; and if a Tunisian subject shall go to establish hiln- subject shall go to establish himself within the dependencies of the self within the dependencies of the United States, he shall be treated United States, he shall be treated in like manner. If any Tunisian in like manner. subject shall freight an American If any Tunisian subject shall Freights. vessel, and load her with merchan- freight an American vessel, and dise, and shall afterwards want to load her with merchandise, and unload, or ship them on board of shall afterwards want to unlade or another vessel, we shall not per- ship them on board of another vesmit him until the matter is deter- sel, we will not permit him, until mined by a reference of merchants, the matter is determined by a refwho shall decide upon the case; erence of merchants, who shall deand after the decision the deterimi- cide upon the case; and after the nation shall be conformed to. decision the determination shall be No captain shall be detained in conformed to. port against his consent, except No captain shall be detained in Detention. when our ports are shut for the port against his consent, except vessels of all other nations, which when our ports are shut for the may take place with respect to vessels of all other nations; which merchant vessels, but not to those may take place with respect to merof war. chant vessels, but not to those of The subjects and citizens of the war.. two nations, respectively, Tunisians The subjects of the two con- zeus ofthe respectand Americans, shall be protected tracting Powers shall be under the ive nations. R s IV 49 770 PUBLIC TREATIES. in the places where they may be by protection of the Prince, and under the officers of the Government there the jurisdictionl of the chief of the existing; but, on failure of such place where they Inay be, and no protection, and for redress of every other person shall have authority injury, the party may resort to the over them. If the commandant chief authority in each country, by of the place does not conduct himwhom adequate protection and com- self agreeably to justice, a reprePieferenceto Tu- plete justice shall be rendered. In sentation of it shall be made to us. nisilll vessels for case the Government of Tunis shall In case the Government shall freight. have need of an American vessel have need of an American merfor its service, such vessel being chant vessel, it shall cause it to within the regency, and not pre- be freighted, and then a suitable viously- engaged, the Government freight shall be paid to the captain, shall have the preference, on its agreeably to the intention of the paying the same freight as other Government, and the captain shall merchants usually pay for the same not refuse it. service, or at the like rate, if the service be without a customary precedent. ARTICLE the 14th-As it now is. ARTICLE 14th-As it was. Duties. All vessels belonging to the citi- A Tunisian merchant, who may zens and inhabitants of the United go to America with a vessel of any States shall be permitted to enter nation soever, loaded with merthe ports of the Kingdom of Tunis, chandize, which is the production and freely trade with the subjects of the Kingdom of Tunis, sh]dl pay and inhabitants thereof, on paying duty (small as it is) like the merthe usual duties which are paid by cha~nts of other nations; and the other most favoured nations at peace American merchants shall equally with the Regency. In like manner, pay for the merchandize of their all vessels belonging to the subjects country, which they may bring to and inhabitants of the Kingdom of Tunis, under their flag, the same Tunis shall be permitted to enter duty as the Tunisians pay in Amnerthe different ports of the United ica. But if an American merStates, and freely trade with the chant, or a inerchant of any other citizens and inhabitants thereof, nation, shall bring American meron paying the usual duties which chandize under any other flag, he are paid by other most favoured shall pay six per cent. duty; in nations at peace with the United like manner, if a foreign merchant States. shall bring the merchandize of his country under the American flag. he shall also pay six per cent. Signatures. Concluded, signed, and sealed, at the Palace of Bardo, near Tunis, Date. the 24th day of the moon jumed-teni, in the year of the Hegira 1239, corresponding [to] the 24th of February, 1824, of the Christian year, and the 48th year of the Independence of the United States, reserving the Final ratification same, nevertheless, for the final ratification of the President of the reserved for Presi- United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. dSo es. of United S. D. HEAP, Charge d'Affaires. [L. S.] SIDI MAIIMOUD'S signature and [L. S.] TWO SICILIES, 1832. 771 TWO SICILIES. [All the treaties with the Two Sicilies were superseded by the incorporation of that kingdom.with Italy.] TWO SICILIES, 1832. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE Oct. 14, 1832. KINGDOM OF THE TWO SIC1LIES, FOR THE TERMINATION OF RECLAMATIONS, CONCLUDED AT NAPLES OCTOBER 14, 1832; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JANUARY 19, 1833; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT NAPLES JUNE 8, 1833; PROCLAIMED AUGUST 27, 1833. Convention between the Governmnent of the United States of America, and his Majesty the KiEny of the KingVdom of the Two Sicilies to terminate the reclamations of said Government,, for the depredations inflicted uypon American commerce, by Murat during the years 1809, 1810, 1811, and 1812. The Government of the United States of America and His Majesty Contracting parthe King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, desiring to terminate the ties. reclamationls advanced by said Government against his said Majesty, in order that the merchants of the United States may be indemnified for the losses inflicted upon them by Murat, by the depredations, seizures, confiscations, and destruction of their vessels tand cargoes, during the ~ears 1809, 1810, 1811, 1812, and His Sicilian Majesty desiring thereby to strengthen with the said Government the bonds of that harmony, not hitherto disturbed: The said Government of the United States and his aforesaid -Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, have with one accord resolved to come to an adjustment; to eft.ectuate which, they have respectively named and furnished with the necessary powers, Viz: The said Government of the United States, John Nelson, Esquire, a Negotiators, citizen of said States, and their Charg6 d'Affaires near His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; and His Majesty, His Excellency D. Antonio Maria Statella, Prince of Cassaro,. Marquis of Spaccaforno, Count Statella, etc., etc., etc., his said Majesty's Minister Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, etc., etc.; Who, after the exchange of their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE 1. His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, with a Sum to be paid view to satisfy the aforesaid reclamations, for the depredations, seques- to t h es. U i t trations, confiscations, and destruction of the vessels and cargoes of the States. merchants of the United States, (and for every expense of every kind whatsoever incident to or growing out of the same,) inflicted by Murat during the years 1809, 1810, 1811, and 1812, obliges himself to pay the sum of two millions one hundred and fifteen thousand Neapolitan ducats to the Government of the United States; seven thousand six hundred and seventy-nine ducats, part thereof to be applied to reimburse the said Government for the expense incurred by it in the transportation of American seamen from the Kingdom of Naples, during the year 1810, and the residue to be distributed atmongst the claimants by the said Government of the United States, in such manner and according to such rules as it mav prescribe. 772 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE II. Method of pay- The sum of two millions one hundred and fifteen thousand Neapolitan nient. ducats agreed on in article the 1st, shall be paid in Naples, in nine equal installments of two hundred and thirty-five thousand ducats, and with interest thereon at the rate of four per centum per annum,' to be calculated from the date of the interchange of the ratifications of this convention, until the whole sum shall be paid. The first installment shall be payable twelve months after the exchange of the said ratjfications, and the remaining installments, with the interest, successively, one year after another. The said payments shall be made in Naples into the hands of such person as shall be duly authorized by the Governinent of the United States to receive the same. ARlTICLE III. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in this capital, in the space of eight months from this date, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof the parties above named have respectively subscribed these articles, and thereto affixed their seals. Date. Done at Naples on the 14th day of October, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two. J NO. NELSON. [SEAL.] THE PRINCE OF CASSARO. [SEAL.1 TWO SICILIES, 1845,* Dec. 1, 1845. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE KINGDOM OF THE TWO SICILIES, CONCLUDED AT NAPLES DECEMBER 1, 1845; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 11, 1846; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 14, 1846; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT NAPLES JUNE 1, 1846; PROCLAIMED JUJLY 24, 1846o Contracting par- The United States of Amherica land His Majesty the King of the ties. ~Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, equally animated with the desire of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective States, and consolidating the commercial intercourse between them, have agreed to- enter in negotiation for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce and navigation, for which purpose they have appointed Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: Negotiators. The President of the United States of America, William H. Polk, Charge d'Affaires of the same United States of America to the court of His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; and His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, D. Giustino Fortunato, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Military Constantinian Order of St. George, and of Francis the lst, Minister Secretary of State of His said Majesty; D. Michael Gravina and Requesenz, Prince of Comitini, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Francis the 1st, Gentleman of the Chamber in Waiting, and Minister Secretary of State of his said Majesty; and D. Antonio Spinelli, of Secalea, Commander of the RI. Order of Francis the 1st, Gentleman of the Chamber of His said Majesty, Member of the General Consulta, and Surintendant-General of the Archives of the Kingdom; Who, after having each others exchanged their full powers, found ill good and due form have concluded and signed the following articles:' See convention of 1855, pp. 778-786. TWO SICILIES, 1845. 773 ARTICLE I. There shall be reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation between Reciprocal libthe United States of America and the Kingdoml of the Two Sicilies. erty of comnmerce, No (luty of customs, or other impost, shall be charged upon any aNoaiscriminating goods the produce or manufacture of one country, upon importation by duties. sea or by land from such country into the other, other or higher than the duty or impost charged upon goods of the same kind, the produce or manufacture of, or iml)orte(l from, any other country; anld the United Favors granted States of America and His Majesty the King of the Kinlgdom of the to other nations 0t' Two Sicilies do hereby engage that the subjects or citizens of any other become conlllon. State shall not enjoy any favour, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce and navigation, which shall not also and at the same time be extended to the subjects or citizens of the other high contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favour of that other State shall have been gratuitous, and in return for a compensation, as nearly as possible of l)roportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE II. All articles of the produce or manufacture of either country, and of Equality of dutheir respective States, which can legally be imported into either coun- ties on iirrports try from the other, in ships of that other country, and thence coming, and exports. shall, when so imported, be subject to the same duties and enjoy the same privileges, whether imported in ships of the one country or in ships of the other; and, in like manner, all goods which can. legally be exported or re-exported from either country to the other, in ships of that other country, shall, when so exported or re-exported, be subject to the same duties, and be entitled to the same privileges, drawbacks, bounties, and allowances, whether exported in ships of the one country or in ships of the other. ARTICLE 111. No duties of tonnage, harbour, light-houses, pilotage, quarantine, or Equality of tonother similar duties, of whatever nature, or under whatever denomina- nage, harbor, and tion, shall be imposed in either countryv upon the vessels of the other, liglt-house duties. in respect of VToyages between the United States of America and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, if laden, or inl respect of any voyage, if in ballast, which shall not be equally imposed in the like cases on national vessels. ARtTICLE IV. It is hereby declared, that the stipulations of the present treaty are Coasting trade. not to be understood as applying to the navigation and carrying trade between one port and another, situated in the States of either contracting party, such navigation and trade being reserved exclusively to national vessels. Vessels of either country shall, however, be permitted to load or unload the whole or part of their cargoes at one or more ports in the States of either of the high contracting parties, and the then to proceed to complete the said loading or unloading to [at] any other port or ports in the same States. ARTICLE V. Neither of the two Governments, nor any corporation or agent acting No preference of in behalf or under the authority of either Government, shall, in the importations. purchase of any article which, being the growth, produce, or manufacture of the one country, shall be imported into the other, give, directly or inclirectly, any priority or preference on account of or in reference to the national character of the ~vessel in which such article shall have 774 PUBLIC TREATIES. been imported; it being the true intent and meaning of the high contracting parties that no distinction or difference whatever shall be made in this respect. ARTICLE VI. Privileges of res- The high contracting parties engage, in regard to the personal priviidents. leges, that the citizens of the United States of America shall enjoy in the dominions of His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and the subjects of His said Majesty in the United States of America, that they shall have free and undoubted right to travel and to reside in the States of the two high contracting parties, subject to the same precautions of police which are practiced towards the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nations. They shall be entitled to ocDisposal ano in- cupy dwellings and warehouses, and to dispose of their personal propheritace of peer- erty of every kind and description, by sale, gift, exchange, will; or in any other way whatever, without the smallest hindrance or obstacle; and their heirs or representatives, being subjects or citizens of the other high contracting party, shall succeed to their personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato; and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at will, paying to the profit of the respective Governments such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are shall be Property of ab- subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of the heir sent heirs. and representative, such care shall be taken of the said goods as would be taken of the goods of a native of the same country in like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if a question should arise among several claimants as to which of them said goods belong, the same shall be decided finally by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said goods are. Imposts. They shall not be obliged to pay, under any pretence whatever, any taxes or impositions, other or greater than those which are paid or may hereafter be paid by the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nations, in the respective States of the high contracting parties. Exemption from They shall be exempt from all military service, whether by land or by nilitary servi c e, sea; from forced loans, and from every extraordinary contribution not general and by law established. Their dwellings, warehouses, and all premises appertaining thereto, destined for purposes of commerce or No arbitrary residence, shall berespected. No arbitrary search of or or visit to their searches. houses, and no arbitrary examination or inspection whatever of the books, papers, or accounts of their trade, shall be made, but such measures shall be executed only in conformity with the legal sentence of a Protection to per- competent tribunal; and each of the two high contracting parties ensons and property. gages that the citizens or subjects of the other, residing in their respective States, shall enjoy their property and personal security in as full and ample manner as their own citizens or subjects, or the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nations. ARTICLE VII. Management of The citizens and the subjects of each of the two high contracting parbusiness, &c. ties shall be free in the States of the other to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit those affairs to the management of any persons whom they may appoint as their broker, factor, or agent; nor shall the citizens and subjects of the two high contracting parties be restrained in their choice of persons to act in such capacities, nor shall they be called upon to pay any salary or remuneration to any person whom they shall not choose to employ.,iberty of trade. Absolute lreedom shall be given in all cases to the buyer and seller to bargain together, and to fix the price of any goods or merchandise imported into or to be exportedl fiorn the States and dlolninions of tlhe two high contracting pallties; savte andl except generally such c;ses TWO SICILIES, 1845. 775 wherein the laws and usages of the country may require the intervention of any special agents in the States and dominions of the high contracting parties. ARTICLE VIII. Each of the two high contracting parties may have, in the ports of Consular officers. the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents, of their own,appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers of those of the most favored nation; but if' any such Consuls shall exercise coimmerce, they shall be submitted to the same laws and usages to which the private individuals of their nation are submitted in the same place. The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents are author- Deserters fro in ized to require the assistance of the local authorities for the search, ar- vessels. rest, detention, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant-vessels of their country. For this purpose, they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand the said deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessel, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belongedl, or sent back to their own country by a vessel of the same nation, or any other vessel whatsoever. But if not sent back within four months from the day of their arrest, or if all the expenses of such imprisonment are not defrayed by the party causing such arrest and imprisonment, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. However, if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal, before which his case shall be depending, shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE IX. If any ships of war or merchant vessels be wrecked on the coasts of Wrecked a n d the States of either of the high contracting parties, such ships or vessels, damaged vessels. or any parts thereof, and all furniture and appurtenances belonging thereunto, and all goodls and merchandise which shall be saved therefroin, or the produce thereof, if sold, shall be faithfully restored with the least possible delay, to thle proprietors, upon being claimed by them, or by their duly authorized fiactors; cand if there are no such proprietors or factors on the spot, then the said goods a.nd merchandise, or the proceeds thereof, as well as all the, papers found on board such wrecked ships or vessels, shall be delivered to the Americans or Sicilian Consul or Vice-Consul in whose district the wreck may have taken place; and such Consul, Vice-Consul, proprietors, or factors, shall pay only the expenses incurred in the preservation of the property, together with the rate of salvage, and expenses of quarantine, which would have been Salva g e and payable in the like case of a wreck of a national vessel; and the goods qiiarantino. and merchandise saved fromr the wreck shall not be subject to duties, unless cleared for consumption; it being understood that in case of any legal claim upon such wreckl, goods, or merchandise, the same shall be referred for decision to the competent tribunals of the country. ARTICLE X. The merchant vessels of each of the two high contracting parties, Vessels seekliill which may be foriced by stress of weather o.r o otrtier clause into one of the refuge. lports of the otlher, shall be exemlptl from all duty of port or navigation 776 PUBLIC TREATIES. paid for the benefit of the State, if the motives which led to take refuge be real and evident, and if no operation of commerce be done by loadling or unloading merchandises; [it being] well understood, however, that the loading or unloading, which may regard the subsistence of the crew, or necessary for the reparation of the vessel, shall not be considered operations of commerce, which lead to the payment of duties, and that the said vessels do not stay in port beyond the time necessary, keeping in view the cause which led [to] taking refuge. ARTICLE XI. Differential du- To carry always more fully into effect the intentions of the two high ties. contracting parties, they agree that every difference of duty, whether of [See Article I.] the ten per cent. or other, established in the respective States, to the prejudice of the navigation and commerce of those nations which have not treaties of commerce and navigation with them, shall cease and remain abolished in conformity to the principle established in the 1st article of the present treaty, as well on the productions of the soil and industry of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which therefrom shall be imported, in the United States of America, whether in vessels of the one or of the other country, as on those which, in like manner, shall be imported in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in vessels of both countries. D)uties on wines. They declare, besides, that as the productions of the soil and industry [See Declaration, of the two countries, on their introduction in the ports of the other, treaty of 1855, p. shall not be subject to greater duties than those which shall be imposed 786.] on the like productions of the most favoured nations, so the red and white wines of the Kingdom. of the Two Sicilies of every kind, including those of Marsala, which may be imported directly into the United States of America, whether in vessels of the one or of the other country, shall not pay higher or greater duties than those of the red and white Diuties on cottons. wines of the most favoured nations. And in like manner the cottons of the United States of America, which may be imported directly in[to] the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, whether in vessels of the one or other nation, shall not pay higher or greater duties than the cottons of Egypt, Bengal, or those of the most favourcd nations. ARTICLE XII. D u rat i on of The present treaty shall be in force from this day, and for the term of tvea'ty. ten years, and further, until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the said high cont~racting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice at the end of the said term of ten years or at any subsequent term. ARTICLE XIII. Ratifications. The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said States, aclnd by His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Naples, at the expiration of six months from the date of its signature, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and have affixed thereto the seals of their armso Date. Done at Naples the first of December, in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-five. WILLIAM H. POLK. [L. S.] GIUSTINO FORTUNATO. [L. S.] IL PPIANCIPE DI COMITINI. [L. S.I AN4TO(NIO SPIN1ELL1. [L. 1. ] TWO SICILIES, 1855. 777 TWO SICILIES, 1855, CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS January 13,1855. MAJESTY THE KING OF THE KINGDOM OF THE TWO SICILIES, RELATIVE TO THE RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS AT SEA, CONCLUDED AT NAPLES JANUARY 13, 1855; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 3, 1855; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT MARCH 20, 1855; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT WASHINGTON JULY 14, 1855; PROCLAIMED JULY 16, 1855. Convention between the United States qf America and His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, signed at Naples January 13, 1855. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the King. Contracting pardom of The two Sicilies, equally animated with a desire to maintain and ties. to preserve from all harm the relations of good understanding which have at all times so happily subsisted between themselves, as also between the inhabitants of their respective States, have mutually agreed to perpetuate, by means of a formal convention, the principles of the right of neutrals at sea, which they recognize as indispensable conditions of all freedom of navigation and maritime trade. For this purpose Negotiators. the President of the United States has conferred full powers on Robert Dale Owen, Minister Resident at Naples of the United States of America' and His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies has conferred like powers on Mr. Louis Carafa dellal Spina, of the Dukes of Traetto, Weekly M-ajor-domo of His Majesty, Commendator of His Royal Order of the Civil Merit of Francis the First, Grancd Cross of the distinguished Rl. Spa-nish Order of Charles the Third, Great Officer of the Order of the Legion d'Honneur, Grand Cross of the Order of S. Michael of Baviera, Grand Cross of the Florentine Order of the Merit under the title of S. Joseph, Grand Cross of the Order of Parma of the Merit under the title of S. Ludovico, Grand Cross of the Brasilian Order of the Rose, provisionally charged with the port-folio of Foreign Affairs; And said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed. the following articles: ARTICLE I. The two high contracting parties recognize as permanelt and imnmu- Principles recogtable the following principles, to wit: 1st. That free ships make free,iized. goods; that is to say, that the effects or goods belonging to subjects or Righti of neucitizens of a Power or State at war are free fronm capture and confiscae- trals at sea. tion when found on0 board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war. 2d1. That the property of neutrals on board an Rights of ]en-. euemyrs vessel is not subject to confiscation unless the same be contra- traL1 property on band -of war. They engage to apply these principles to the commerce enys vessel and navigation of all such Powers and States ais shall consent to adopt them on their part as permanent and immutable. ART LCLE II. The two high contracting parties reserve themselves to come to an Application of ulterior understanding as circumstances may require with regard to the tthese principles. application and extension to be given, if there be any cause for it, to the principles laid down in the 1st article. But they declare from this time that they will take the stipulations contained in said article 1st as a rule, whenever it shall become a question, to judge of the'rights of neutralitty. AulTICLE III. It is agree(l by the high con tractihg parties that all nations which Other nations shall or may consent to accede to tile rules of the first article of this acceding to lprinciconavention, by a fbrmal declaration stipulating to observe them, shall ples. 778 PU BLIC TREATIES. enjoy the rights resulting from such accession as they shall be enjoyed and observed by the two Powers signing this convention. They shall moutually comlmunicate to each other the results of the steps which mlay be taken on the subject. ARTICLE IV. Ratifications. The present convention shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of said States, and by His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; and the ratifications of the same shall be exchanged at Washington within the period of twelve months, counting from this day, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention in duplicate, and thereto affixed the seal of their arms. Date. Done at Naples, thirteenth of January, eighteen hundred a'nd fiftyfive. ROBERT DALE OWEN. [L. S.] LUIGI CARAFA. [L. S.] TWO SICILIES, 1855. Oct. 1, 1855. CONVENTION OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION, AND FOR SURRENDER OF FUGITIVE CRIMINALS, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE KINGDOM OF THE TWO SICILIES, CONCLUDED AT NAPLES OCTOBER 1, 1855; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENTS, AUGUST 13, 1856; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUGUST 20, 1856; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT NAPLES NOVEMBER 7, 1856; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 10, 1856. Contracting par- The United States of America and His Majesty the King of the Kingties. dom of the Two Sicilies, equally animated with the desire to strengthen and perpetuate the relations of amity and good understanding hich have at all times subsisted between the two countries, desiring also to extend and consolidate the commercial intercourse between them; and convinced that nothing will mnore contribute to the attainment of this desirable object than an entire freedom of navigation, the abolition of all differential duties of nalvigation a.nd of commerce, and a perfect reciprocity, based on principles of equity, equally beneficial to both countries, and applicable alike in' peace and in warl have resolved to conclude a general convention of amity, commerce, navigation, and for the surrender of fugitive criminals. For this purpose, they have respectively appointed Plenipotentiaries, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States has appointed Robert Dale Owen, Minister Resident of the United States near His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; and His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies has appointed Don Lewis Carafa della Spina, of the Dukes of Traetto, Weekly Majordomo of His Majesty, Commander of His Royal Order of Civil Merit of Francis the First, Grand Cross of the distinguished Royal Spanish Order of Charles the Third, Grand Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honor, Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael of Bavaria, Grand Cross of the: Florentine Order of Merit under the title of St. Joseph, Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of karma under the title of St. Ludovico, Grand Cross of the Brazilian Order of the Rose, charged provisionally with the Portfolio of Foreign Affairs; and Don Michael Gravina e Requesenz, Prince of Comitini, his Gentleman of the Bedchamber in exercise, Chevalier Grand Cross of his Royal Order of Francis the First, invested with the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Legion of Honor, and the Grand Cross of the following orders, nalely':: of Leopold of Austrli;, of tile Red Ealgle of Prussia,7 of TWO SICIIES, 1855. 779 the -White Eagle of Russia, of St. Maurice and Lazarus of Sardinia, of Dannebrog of Denmark, of Leopold of Belgium, and of the Crown of Oak of the Low Countries, late his Minister Secretary of State; and Don Joseph Marius Arpino, Advocate-General of the Grand Court of Accounts; And the said Plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have concluded and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. It is the intention of the two high contracting parties that there shall Peace and friendbe, and continue through all time, a firm, inviolable, and universal s peace, and a true and sincere friendshipl between them and between their respective territories, cities, towns, and people, without exception of persons or places. But if, notwithstanding, the two nations should, dents in case ofs unfortuuately, become involved in war, one with the other, the term of war. six months, from and after the declaration thereof, shall be allowed to the merchants and other inhabitants, respectively, on each side, during which term they shall be at liberty to withdraw themselves, with all their effects, which they shall have the right to carry away, send away, or sell, as they please, without hinderance or molestation. During such period of six months their persons and their effects, including money, debts, shares in the public funds or in banks, and any other property, real or personal, shall be exempt from confiscation or sequestration; and they shall be allowed freely to sell and convey any real estate to them belonging, and to withdraw and export the proceeds without molestation, and without paying, to the profit of the respective governments, any taxes or dues other or greater than those which the inhabitants of the country wherein said real estate is situated shall, in similar cases, be subject to pay. And passports, valid for a sufficient term for their return, shall be granted, as a safe-conduct for themselves, their vessels, and the money and effects which they may carry or send away, against the assaults and prizes which may be attempted against their persons and effects, as well by vessels of war of the con'tracting parties as by their privateers. ARTICLE II*. Considering the remoteness of the respective countries of the two Blockaded ports. contracting parties, and the uncertainty resulting therefrom, with respect to the various events which may take place. it is agreed that a merchant vessel belonging to either of them, which may be bound to a port supposed at the time of its departure to be blockaded, shall not, however, be captured or condemned for having attempted a first time to enter said port, unless it can be proved that said vessel could and ought to have learned, during its voyage, that the blockade of the place in question still continued. But all vessels which, after having been warned off olce, shall, during the same voyage, attempt a second time to enter the same blockaded port, during the continuance of the same blockade, shall -thereby subject themselves to be detained and condemned. By blockaded port, is understood one into which, by the disposition of the Power which attacks it with a proportionate number of ships sufficiently near, there is evident danger in entering. ARTICLE III. The high contracting parties, in order to prevent and avoid all dis- Contraband arpute by determining, with certainty, what shall be considered by them ties. contraband in time of war, and as such cannot be conveyed to the countries, cities, places, or seaports of their enemies, have declared and a.greed that under the name of contraband of war shall be comprisedl only cannons, mortars, petards, granadees, mluskets, balls, bombs, gunc(Ml'iai1gc:, gup)lowder,' saltpetle, ilatcelles; troops, whvlether infa n tlry or 780 PUBLIC TREATIES. cavalry, together with all that appertains to them; as also every other munition of war, anld, generally, every species of arms, and ilnstruuments in iron, steel, brass, copper, or any other material whatever, manufactured, prepared, and made expressly for purposes of war, whether by land or sea. Forfeitures. And it is expressly declared and understood that the merchandize above set forth as contraband of war shall not entail confiscation, either on the vessel on which it shall have been loaded, or on the merchandise forming the rest of the cargo of said vessel, whether the said merchandise belong to the same or to a different owner ARTICLE IV. Right of travel: The citizens and subjects of each of the high contracting parties and residence. shall have free and undoubted right to travel and reside in the States of the other, remaining subject only to the plecautions of police which are practiced towards the citizens or subjects of the most favored nations. ARTICLE V. Exemption from The citizens or subjects of one of the high contracting parties, travelmilitary s e r v ic, ling or residing in the territories of the other, shall be free from all military service, whether by land or sea, froml all billeting of soldiers in their houses, from every extraordinary contribution, not general and by law established, and from all forced loans; nor shall they be held, under any pretence whatever, to pay any taxes or impositions, other or greater than those which are or mtay hereafter be paid by the subjects or citizens of the most favored nations, in the respective States of the high contracting parties. Their dwellings, warehouses, and all premises appertaining thereto, destined for purposes of commerce or residence, shall be respected. No arbitrary search of or visit to their houses, whether private or of business, and no arbitrary examination or inspection whatever of their books, papers, or accounts of trade, shall be made; but such measures shall have place only in virtue of warrant granted by the judicial authorities. And each of the hligh contracting parties expressly engages that the citizens or subjects of the other, residing in their respective States, shall enjoy their plroperty and personal security, in as full and ample a manner as their own citizens or subjects, or the citizens or subjects of the most favored nations. ARTICLE VI. Right to manage The citizens and subjects of each of the contracting parties, residbusiness, &c. ing in the States of the other, shall be entitled to carry on conmmerce, arts, or trade, and to occupy dwellings, shops, and warehouses, and to dispose of their property of every kind,,whether real or personal, by sale, gift, exchange, or in any other way, without hinderance or obstacle. And they shall be free to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit those affairs to persons whom they may appoint as broker, factor, or agent; nor shall they be restrained in their choice of persons to act in such capacities; nor shall they be called upon to pay any salary or remuneration to any person whom they shall not choose to employ. Absolute freedom shall also be given in all cases to the buyer and seller' to bargain together, and also to fix the price of any goods or merchandise imported into or to be exported from the States of either of the contracting parties, save and except cases where the laws of the said States may require the intervention of special agents, or where, in either of the countries, articles may be the subject of a Government monopoly, as at present in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies the royal monopolies of tobacco, salt, playing cards, gunpowder, and saltpetre. It being expressly understood, however, that none of the provisios:l of the present treaty shall be so construetl as to talike away the right of TWO SnITIILES, 1855. 781 either of the high contracting parties to grant patents of invention or improvement, either to the inventors or to others, an;d that the principles of reciprocity established by this treaty shall not extend to prenliums which either of the high contracting parties may grant to their own citizens or subjects for the encouragement of the building of ships to sail under their own flag. ARTICLE V1IL As to any citizen or subject of either of the high contracting parties Succession to.dying within the jurisdiction of the other, his heirs being citizens or property. subjects of the other, shall succeed to his personal property, and either to his real estate or to the proceeds thereof, whether by testament or ab intestato; and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them; and may dispose of the same at will, paying to the profit of the respective Governments such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said property is, shall be subject to pay in like cases. And in case of the absence of the heir or of his Property of albrepresentatives, the same care shall be taken of the said property as sent heirs. would be taken, in like cases, of the effects of the natives of the country itself; the respective Consular Agents having notice from the competent judicial authorities of the day and hour in which they will proceed to the imposing or removing of seals and to the making out of an inventory, in all cases where such proceedings are required by law; so that the said Consular Agent may assist thereat. The respective Consuls may demand the delivery of the hereditary effects of their countrymen, which shall be immediately delivered- to them, if no formal opposition to such delivery shall have been made by the creditors of the deceased, or otherwise, as soon as such opposition shall have been legally overruled. And if a question shall arise as to the rightful ownership of said property, the same shall be finally decided by the laws and judges of the land wherein the said property is. And the citizens and Access to courts subjects of either of the contracting parties in the States of the other shall of julstic3. have free access to the tribunals of justice of said States, on the same terms which are granted by the laws and usages of the country to native citizens or subjects; and they mnay employ, in defence of their interests and rights, such advocates, attorneys, and other agents, being citizens or subjects of the other, as they may choose to select. ARTICLE VIII. There shall be, between the territories of the high contracting parties, Liberty of come reciprocal liberty of commerce and navigation; and to that effect the merce and navigavessels of- their respective States shall mutually have liberty to enter tion. the ports, places, and rivers of the territories of each party wherever national vessels arriving from abroad are permitted to enter. And all vessels of either of the two contracting parties arriving in the ports of the other shall be treated, on their arrival, during their stay, and at their departure, on the same footing as national vessels, as regards port charges, and all charges of navigation, such as of tonnage, light-houses, pilotage, anchorage, quarantine, fees of public functionaries, as well as all taxes or impositions of whatever sort, and under whatever denomination, received in the name, and' for the benefit of the Government, or of local authorities, or of any private institution whatsoever, whether the said vessels arrive or depart in ballast, or whether they import or export merchandise. ARTICLE IX. The national character of the vessels of the respective countries shall N a t i o nality of be recognized and admitted by each of the parties, according to its own vessels. laws and special rules, by means of papers granted by the competent authorities to the captains or masters. And no vessels of either of the conltracting parties shaell be entitled to profit by the inmmunities andl ad 782 PUBLIC TR EATIES. vantages granted in the present treaty, unless they are provided with the proper papers and certificates. as required by the, regulations existing in the respective countries, to establish their tonnage and their nationality. ARTICLE -X. Importations and The vessels of each of the high contracting parties shall be allowed exportations. to introduce into the ports of the other, and to export thence; and to deposit and store there, every sort of goods, wares, and merchandise, from whatever place the same may come, the importation and exportation of which are legally permitted in the respective States, without being held to pay other or heavier custom-house duties or imposts, of whatever kind or name, oth'er or of higher rate than those which would be paid for similar goods or products if the same were imporwed or exported in national vessels; and the same privileges, drawbacks, bounties, and allowances which may be allowed by either of the contracting parties on any merchandise imported or exported in their own vessels shall be allowed, also, on similar produce imported or exported in vessels of the other party. ARTICLE XI. No preference of No priority or preference shall be given, directly or indirectly, by importations. either of the contracting parties, nor by any company, corporation, or agent, in their behalf, or under their authority, in the purchase of any article of commerce lawfully imported on account of or in reference to the character of the vessel in which such article was imported; it being the true intent and meaning of the contracting parties that no distinction or difference shall be made in this respect. ARTICLE XII. Vessels on equal The principles contained in the foregoing articles shall be applicable footing. in all their extent to vessels of each of the high contracting parties, and to their cargoes, whether the said vessels arrive from the ports of either of the contracting parties, or from those of any other foreign country, so that, as far as regards dues of navigation or of customs, there shall not be made, either in regard to direct or indirect navigation, any distinction whatever between the vessels of the two contracting parties. AR'TICLE XIIIo Coasting t ra d e The above stipulations shall not, however, extend to fisheries, nor to and fisherieso the coasting trade from one port to another in each country, whether for passengers or merchandise, and whether by sailing vessels or steamers, such navigation and traffic being reserved exclusively to national vessels. But, notwithstanding, the vessels of either of the two contracting parties may load or unload in part at one or more ports of the territories of the other, and then proceed to any other port or.ports in said territories to complete their loading or unloading, in the same manner as a national vessel might do. ARTICLE XIV. Equality of du- No higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation, by sea ties on produce of or land, into the United States, of any article the growth, produce, or either country. manufacture of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, or of her fisheries; and no higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation, by sea or by land, into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States or their fisheries, than are or shall be payable on the like articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country. No other or higher duties and charges shall be imposed in the United States on the exportation of any article to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, or in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies on the exportation of any TWO SICILIES, 1855. 783 article to the United States, than such as are or shall be payable on the exportation of the like article to any foreign country, And no prohibition shall be imposed on the importation or exportation of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States or their fisheries, or of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and her fisheries, from or to the ports of the United States or of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which shall not equally extend to every other foreign country, ARTICLE XV. If either of the high contracting parties shall hereafter grant to any Favors granted other nation any particular favor, privilege, or immunity, in navigation to other nations to or commerce, it shall immediately become common to the other party, become common. freely, where it is freely granted to such other nation, and on yielding the same compensation, or a compensation as nearly as possible of proportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, when the grant is conditional. ARTICLE XVI. The vessels of either of the high contracting parties, that may be con- Vessels seeking strained by stress of weather, or other accident, to seek refuge in any refuge. port within the territories of the other, shall be treated there in every respect as a national vessel would be in the same strait: Provided, however, that the causes which gave rise to this forced landing are real and evident; that the vessel does not engage in any commercial operation, as loading or unloading merchandise; and that its stay in the said port is not prolonged beyond the time rendered.necessary by the causes which constrained it to land; it being understood, nevertheless, that any landing of passengers, or any loading or unloading caused by operations of repair of the vessel or by the necessity of providing subsistence for the crew, shall not be regarded as a commercial operation. ARTICLE XVII. In case any -ship of war or merchant-vessel shall be wrecked on the Wrecked or damcoasts or within the maritime jurisdiction of either of the high contract- aged vessels. ing parties, such ships or vessels, or any parts thereof, and all furniture and appurtenances belonging thereto, and all goods and merchandise which shall be saved therefrom, or the produce thereof, if sold, shall be faithfully restored, with the least possible delay, to the proprietors, upon being claimed by them, or by their duly authorized factors; and if there are no such proprietors or factors on the spot, then the said goods and merchandise, or the proceeds thereof, as well as all the papers found on board such wrecked ships or vessels, shall be delivered to the American or Sicilian Consul, or Vice-Consul, in whose district the wreck may have taken place, and such Consul, Vice-Consul, proprietors, or factors, shall pay only the expenses incurred in the preservation of the property, together with the rate of salvage and expenses of quarantine, which would have been payable in the like case of a Wreck of a national vessel; and the goods and merchandise saved from the wreck shall not be subject to duties, unless cleared for consUnmption; it being understood that in case of any legal claim upon such wreck, goods, or merchandise, -the same shall be referred for decision to the competent tribunals of the country. ARTICLE XVIII. Each of the high contracting parties grants to the other, subject to Consular officers. the usual exequatur, the liberty of having, in the ports of the other where foreign commerce is usually permitted, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents of their own alppointment, lwho shall enjoy the samle privileges and powers as those of the most favored nations; but 784 PUBLIC TREATIES. if any such Consul, Vice-Consul, or Commercial Agent shall exercise commerce, he shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of the nation are subjected in the same place. And whenever either of the two contracting parties shall select for a Consular Agent a citizen or subject of this last, such Consular Agent shall continue to be regarded, notwithstanding his quality of foreign Consul, as a citizen or a subject of the nation to which he belongs, and consequently shall be submitted to the laws and regulations to which natives are subjected. This obligation, however, shall not be so clonstrued so as to embarrass his consular functions, nor to affect the inviolability of the consular archives. ARTICLE XIX. Settlement of dis- The said Consuls, Vice-consuls. and Commercial Agents shall have the putes b et w e en right as such to judge, in quality of arbitrators, such differences as masters and crews. may arise between the masters and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crew, or of the captain, should disturb the public peace or order of the country, or such Consul, Vice-Consul, or Commercial Agent should require their assistance to cause his decisions to be- carried into effect or supported. Nevertheless, it is understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return home, to the judicial authorities of their own country. ARTICLE XX. Deserters from The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents may cause vessels. to be arrested and sent back, either on board or to their own country, sailors and all other persons who, making a regular part of the crews of vessels of the respective nations, and having embarked under some other name than that of. passengers, shall have deserted from the said vessels. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent local authorities, proving, by the register of the vessel, the roll of the crew, or,if the vessel shall have departed, with a copy of the said papers, duly certified by them, that the persons they claim formed part of the crew; and on such a reclamation, thus substantiated, the surrender of the deserter shall not be denied. Every assistance shall also be given to thenl for the recovery and arrest of such deserters; and the salme shall be detained and kept in the prisons of the country, at the request and'cost of the Consuls, until the said Consuls shall have found an opportunity to send them away. It being understood, however, that if such an opportunity shall not occur in the space of four months from the date of their arrest, the said deserters shall be set'at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. Nevertheless, if the deserter shall be found to have committed any other crime or offence on shore, his surrender may be delayed by the local authorities until the tribunal before which his case shall be pending shall have pronounced its sentence, and until such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XXI. Extraditio 1 o f It is agreed that every person who, being charged with or condemned criminals. for any of the crimes enumerated in the following article, committed within the States of one of the high contracting parties, shall seek asylum in the States, or on board the vessels of war of the other party, shall be arrested and consigned to justice on demand made, through the proper diplomatic channel, by the Government within whose territorythe offence shall have been committed. This surrender and delivery shall not, however, be obligatory on either of the high contracting parties until the other shall have presented a copy of the judicial dleclaration or sentence establishing the TWO SICILIES, 1855. 785 culpability of the fugitive, in case such sentence or declaration shall E vi den c e of have been pronounced. But if such sentence or declaration shall not criminality. have been pronounced, then the surrender may be demanded, and shall be made, when the demanding Government shall have furnished such proof' as would have been sufficient to justify the apprehension, and commitment for trial, of the accused, if the offence had been committed in the country where he shall have taken refuge. ARTICLE XXII. Persons shall be delivered up, according to the provisions of this Crines for which treaty, who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit; surrender may be Murder, (including assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poison- ade. ing;) attempt to commit murder; rape; piracy; arson; the making and uttering of false money, forgery, including forgery of evidences of public debt, bank- bills and bills of exchange; robbery with violence; intimidation or forcible entry of an inhabited house; embezzlement by public officers, including appropriation of public funds; when these crimes are subject, by the code of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, to the punishment della reclusione, or other severer punishment, and by the laws of the United States to infamous punishment, ARTICLE XXIII. On the part of'each country, the surrender of fugitives from justice Surrender, how shall be made only by the authority of the Executive thereof. And all made. expenses whatever of detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the preceding articles, shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. ARTICLE XXIV. The citizens and subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall Politicaloffenses, remain exempt from the stipulations of the preceding articles, so far &c.,not included. as they relate' to the surrender of fugitive criminals; nor shall they apply to offences committed before the date of the present treaty, nor to offences of a political character, unless the political offender shall also have been guilty of some one of the crimes enumerated in Article XXII. ARTICLE XX'V. The present treaty shall take effect from the day in which ratifica- Duration of con. tions shall be exchanged, and shall remain in force for the term of ten vention. years, and further, until the end of twelve montbs after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the said contracting parties reserving to itself the right to give such notice at the end of said term of ten years, or at any subsequent time. ARTICLE XXVI, The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President Ratifications. of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Naples within twelve months from the date of its signature, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the Signatures. foregoing articles in the English and Italian languages, and have here. unto affixed the seals of their arms. Done in duplicate, at the city of Naples, this first day of October, in Date. the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred fifty-five. ROBERT DALE OWEN. [L., LUJIGI CARAFA. [L.. PIINCIPE DI COMITINI. [L. S.I GIUSEPPE MABRIO ARPINO. [L,. s.] R1 S IV —— 50 786 PUBLIC TREATIES. DECLARATIONS. Duties on wines It having, been stipulated in Article XI of the treaty of the first Deand cottons. cember, 1845, that the red and white wines, of every kind, of the King[See Article XI, dom of the Two Sicilies, including those of Marsala, which may be treaty of 1845, p. imported directly into the United States of America, whether in vessels of the one or of the other country, shall not pay other or higher duties than the red and white wines of the most favored nations; and, in like manner, that the cottons of the United States of America which may be imported directly into the Kingdom of the. Two Sicilies, whether in vessels of the one or of the other nation, shall not pay other or higher duties than the cottons of Egypt, Bengal, or the most favored nations: And it being agreed in the new treaty concluded between the United States of America and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and to-day signed by the undersigned, not only that no duties of customs shall be paid on merchandise the produce of one of the two countries imported into the other country, other or higher than shall be paid on merchandise of the same kind the produce of any other country, but also that, as to all duties of navigation or of customs, there shall not be made, as to the vessels of the two countries, any distinction whatever between direct and indirect navigation: The undersigned declare, as to the construction of the new treaty, from the day on which the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged, that the red and white wines, of every kind, of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, including the wine of Marsala, which shall be imported into the United States of America, shall not pay other or higher duties than are paid by. the red and white wines of the most favored nations. And, in like manner, that the cottons of the United States which shall be imported into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies shall not pay other or higher duties than the cottons of Egypt, Bengal, or the most favored nations. Effect of decla- The present declaration shall be considered as an integral part of the ration. said new treaty, and shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof exchanged, at the same time as those of the treaty itself. Signatures. In faith whereof, the undersigned have hereunto set their hands and affixed the seal of their arms. Date Done in duplicate, in the city of Naples, this first day of October, in the-year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred, and fifty-five. ROBERT DALE OWEN. [L. s.] LUIGI CARAFA. [L. S.] PRINCIPE DI COMITINI. [L. S.] GIUSEPPE MARIO ARPINO. [L. s.J VENEZUELA, 1836. 787 VENEZUELA. VENEZUELA, 1836. TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, NAVIGATION, AND COMMERCE BETWEEN Jan. 20,1836. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA, CONCLUDED AT CARACAS JANUARY 20, 1836; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE MARCH 23, 1836; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 20,1836; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CARACAS MAY 31, 1836; PROCLAIMED JUNE 20, 1836. [This treaty was terminated January 3, 1851, pursuant to notice from Venezuela, under Article XXXIV.] Treaty of peace, friendship, navigation, and commerce, between the United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, The United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, desiring Contracting parto malke lasting and firm the friendship and good understanding which ties. happily prevails between both nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear, distinct, and positive, the rules which shall, in future, be religiously observed between the one and the other, by means of a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation. For this most desirable object, Negotiators. the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on John G. A. Williamson, a citizen of the said States, and their Charg6 d'Affaires to the said Republic, and the President of the Republic of Venezuela on Santos Michelena, a citizen of the said Republic; who, after having exchanged their said full powers, in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be a perfect, firm, and inviolable peace and sincere friend- Peace andfriendship between the United States of America and the Republic of Vene- ship. zuela, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens, respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ARTICLE II. The United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, desiring Favors granted to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by to other nations to means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage, mutually, become common. not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties being likewise desirous of placing Freedom of comthe commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal merce and navigabasis of perfect equallity and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citi- tion. zels of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, and reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandize; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which native citizens do or shall 78Q PUBLIC TREATIES. enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees and usages there established, to which native citizens are subjected. But it is understood that this article does not include the coasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved, by the parties respectively, according to their own separate laws. ARTICLE IV. Equality of du- They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, ties on importa- or merchandize, of any foreign country, can be from time to time lawtions. fully imported into the United States, in their own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the Republic of Venezuela; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or of the other. And, in like manner, that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandize, of any foreign country, can be from time to time lawfully imported into the Republic of Venezuela, in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United States; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessels and her cargo shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they agree that whatever may be lawfully exported or re-exported from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, ma y, in like manner, be exported or re-exported in the vessels of the other country. And the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the United States or of the Republic of Venezuela. ARTICLE V. Nat i onality of For the better understanding of the preceding article, and taking into Venezuelan v os- consideration the actual state of the commercial marine of the Rtepublic Bela. of Venezuela, it has been stipulated and agreed that all vessels belonging exclusively to a citizen or citizens of said Republic, and whose captain is also a citizen of the same, though the construction or crew are or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as a Venezuelan vessels. ARTICLE VI. Equality of du- No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into ties on produce of the United States of-any articles the produce or manufactures of the either country. Republic of Venezuela, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into de Republic of Venezuela of any articles the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are or shall be payable on the like articles being the produce or manufactures of any other foreign country; nor shall any higher or other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States or to the Republic of Venezuela, respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles the produce or manufactures of the United States or of the Republic of Venezuela, to or from the territories of the United States, or to or from the territories of the Republic of Venezuela, whichl shall not equally extend to all other nations. ARTICLE VII. Management of It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, business, &c. commanders of ships, and other citizens of both countries, to manage themselves their own business, in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to the consignment and VENEZUELA, 1836. 789 sale of their goods and merchandize by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships; they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or, at least, to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nation. ARTICLE VIII. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to Embargo or deany embargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandizes, tention. or effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnification. ARTICLE IX. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be Vessels seeking forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions refuge. of the other with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity; giving to them all favour and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage, without obstacle or hindrance of any kilnd. ARTICLE X. All the ships, merchandize, and the effects belonging to the citizens Captures by piof one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, rates. whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving, in due and proper form, their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well understood, that the claim should be made within the term of one year, by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of the respective Governments. ARTICLE XI. When any vessel belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting Wreckedor damparties shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage on the aged vessels. coasts or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection in the sanme manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage hap. pens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandize and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, until they may be exported, unless they be destined for consumption. ARTICLE XII. The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have power to Disposal and indispose of their personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other, by heritance of persale, donation, testament, or otherwise, and their representatives, being sonal propert citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato; and they may take possession thereof either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein the said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases. And if, in the case of real [e]state, the said heirs would be prevented Heirs to real from entering into the possession of the inheritance on account of their estate. c[h]aracter of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three 790 PUBLIC TRE ATIES. years, to dispose of the same as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, nor any other charges than those which are imposed by the laws of the country. ARTICLE XIII. Protection to per- Both the contracting parties promise and engage, formally, to give sons and property. their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each other, of all occupations, who may be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leavinlg open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse on the same terms which are usual and costumary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors as they may judge proper, in all their tiials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunlity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited on the said trials. ARTICLE XIV. Security of con- The citizens of the United States residing in the territories of the science. Republic of Venezuela shall enjoy the most perfect and entire security of conscience, without being annoyed, prevented, or disturbed on account of their religious belief. Neither shall they be annoyed, molested, or disturbed in the proper exercise of their religion in private houses, or in the chapels or places of worship appointed for that purpose, with the decorum due to divine worship, and with due respect to the laws, Right of burial. usages, and customs of the country. Liberty shall also be granted to bury the citizens of the United States who may die in the territories of the Republic of Venezuela, in convenient and adequate places, to be appointed and established by themselves for that purpose, with the knowledge of the local authorities, or in such other places of sepulture as may be chosen by the friends of the deceased; nor shall the funerals or sepulc[h]res of the dead be disturbed in any wise nor upon any account. In like manner, the citizens of Venezuela shall enjoy within the Government and territories of the United States a perfect and unrestrained liberty of conscience and of exercising their religion publicly or privately, within their own dwelling-houses, or in the chapels and places of worship appointed for that purpose, agreeable to the laws, usages, and customs of the United States. ARTICLE XV. Neutral trade. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and of the Republic of Venezuela to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the nerchandizes laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall, likewise, be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with their ships and merchandizes before mentioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security, from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy before mentioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether Free ships make they be under the jurisdiction of one power or under several; and it is free goods. hereby stipulated that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, and flthat everything shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should VENEZUELA, 1836. 791 appertain to the enemies of' either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty shall be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that, although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers or soldiers and in the actual service of the enemies. Provided, however, and it is hereby Limitation of the agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the principle. flag shal[l] cover the property, shall be understood as applaying to those Powers only who recognise this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose governments acknowledge this principle, and not of others. ARTICLE XVI. It is likewise agreed, that in the case where the neutral flag of one of Neutral property the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the on enemy's vessels. other, by virtue of the above stipulations, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considered as enelmy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it: but the contracting parties agree that two months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect the enemy's property, in that case, the goods and merchandizes of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ship, shall be, free. ARTICLE XVII. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of Contraband artimerchandise, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband; and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods shall be comprehended: 1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fusees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds, and granades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms. 2d. Bucklers, helmets, breastpleates, coats of mail, infantry-belts, and clothes made up in the form and for military use. 3d. Cavalry-belts and horses with their furniture. 4th. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass, and copper, or of any other materials, manufactured, prepared, and form[ed] expressly to make war by sea or land. ARTICLE XVIII. All other merchandises and things not comprehended in the articles Goods not conof contraband explicitly enumerated and classified as above shall be traband. held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner, by the citizens of both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded; and to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a belligerent force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral. ARTICLE XIX. The articles of contrabancl before enumerated and classified, which Confiscation of may be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port, shall be subject to contraband a r t i: detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the cles. .792 PUBLIC TREATIES. ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessel will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great or of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention. the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port for trial and judgment according to law. ARTICLE XX. Blookaded ports. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or places belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from any officer commanding a vessel of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either, that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo; nor, if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XXI. Regu la tion of In order to prevent all kind of disorder in the visiting and examinavisits at sea. tion of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon-shot, and may send its boats with two or three men only, in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill-treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible, with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit; and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose of exhibiting his papers, or for any other purpose whatever. ARTICLE XXII. S ea letters or To avoid, all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the passports. papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two contracting parties, they have agreed, and do agree, that in case one of them should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters, or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ships, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that said ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties: they have likewise agreed that such ship, being laden, besides the said sea-letters, or passports, shall also be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sail[e]d, in the accustomed form. Without VENEZUELA, 1836. 793 such requisites said vessels may be detained, to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE XXIII. It is further agreed, that the stipulations above expressed relative to Vessels u n d e r the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which convoy. sail without convoy, and when said vessels shall be under convoy the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honour, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose fag he carries, and, when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient. ARTICLE XXIV. It is further agreed that in ll cases the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them; and whenever such tribunals, of either party, shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, or goods, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reason or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXV. Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war L e t t e r s of with another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall ac- marque. cept a commission or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the said enemy against the said party so at war, under the pain of being considered as a pirate. ARTICLE XXVI. If, by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God for- Rights of resibid, the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each d e n t s in case of other, they have agreed, and do agree now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other, and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever the[y] please, giving to them the safe-conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations, who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States and of the Republic of Venezuela, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which, in consideration of humanity, the contracting partiesengage to give them. ARTICLE XXVII. Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the indi- Debts, &c., not viduals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys which they may have in to be confiscated. public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or of national difference, be sequestered or confiscated. ARTICLE XXVIII. Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality Envoys, m 1i n is - in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have ters, &c. agreed, and do agree, to gralnt to the Envoys, Ministers, and other pub 794 PUBLIC TREATIES. lie agents, the same favours, imnmunities, and exemptions, which those of the most favoured nation do or shall enjoy; it being understood that whatever favours, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Republic of Venezuela may find it proper to give to the Ministers and other public agents of any other Power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties. ARTICLE XXIX. Consuls andvice- To make more effectual the protection which the United States and consuls. the Republic of Venezuela shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in therm all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the -Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favoured nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to ex[c]ept those ports alnd places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls [and ViceConsuls] may not seem convenient. AlRTICLE XXX. Exequaturs. In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Governmnent to which they are accredited; and, having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside. ARTICLE XXX1. Exemptions o f It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and consular officers. persons attached to the service of Consul, they not being citizens of the country in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in whichl they reside are subject, being in everything besides subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the consulates shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall auy magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE XXXII. Deserters fro m The said Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the vessels. authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing; proving by an exhibition of the registers of the vessel's or ship's roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews, and on this demand so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of said Consuls, and nmay be pst in the public prisons, at the request and expence of those who reclahin them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But if they be not sent back within two monthl:ls to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, an:d shall be no mlore arrested for the same cause. VENEZUELA, 1836. 795 ARTICLE XXXIII. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and Consularconvennavigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon here- ton after as circumstances will permit them, to form a consular convention, which shall declare especially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties. ARTICLE XXXIV. The United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, desiring to make as durable' as circumstances will permit the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly and do agree to the following points: 1st. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the D ur at ion of term of twelve years, to be counted from the day of the exchange of treaty. the ratifications, and further, until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of said term of twelve years; and it is hereby agreed between them that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either from the other party, this treaty in all its parts relative to commerce and navigation shall altogether cease and determine, and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship it shall be perpetually and permanently binding on both powers. 2d. If any one of [or] more of the citizens of either party shall infringe Infringements of any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held personally treaty. responsible for the same, and harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby. each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation. 3d. If, (what, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the R e p r isals and articles in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in any other decla rat i o n s of way whatever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the contract- war. ing parties will order or authorize any act of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended shall first have presented to the other astatement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and demanded justice, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4th. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be constructed Treaties with [construed] or operate contrary to former and existing public treaties other nations not with other Sovereigns and States. The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce, and navigation, shall Ratifications. be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof; and by the President of the Republic of Venezuela, with the consent and. approbation of the Congress of the same; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Caracas, within eight months, to be counted from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of Signatures. America and of the Republic of Venezuela, have signed and sealed these presents. Done in the city of Caracas, on the twentieth day of January, in the Date. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six, and in the sixtieth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and the twenty-sixth of that of the Republic, of Venezuela. JOHN G. A. WIILIAMSON. [L. S.] SANTOS MICHEILENA. [L. S.] 796 PUBLIC TREATIES. VENEZUELA, 1859. Jan. 14,1859. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA, FOR SETTLEMENT OF AVES ISLAND CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT VALENCIA JANUARY 14, 1859; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE, WITH AMENDMENT, JUNE 26, 1860; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 21,01861; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 26, 1861. Convention between the United States and Venezuela for settlement of Aves Island claims. Negotiators. Edward A. Turpin, Minister Resident of the United States of America, and Luis Sanojo, Secretary of State in the Department of Foreign Relations of the Government of Venezuela, being duly authorized to form an equitable agreement for the satisfaction of the damages and losses sustained by Philo S. Shelton, Sampson and Tappan, and Lang and Delano, in consequence of the evictions of their agents and employees from the Aves Island by the forces of Venezuela, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. Sum to be paid The Government of Venezuela obliges itself to pay to the Government to th e Un it ed of the United States, or to its Minister Resident in Venezuela, the gross States. sum of one hundred and thirty thousand dollars, United States currency, ($130,000,) of which said sum, one hundred and five thousand dollars ($105,000) is in liquidation of the claims of Shelton, Sampson and Tappan, and is to be distributed among themselves, and the residue, that is to say, twenty-five thousand dollars, ($25,000,) is in liquidation of claims of Lang and Delano. ARTICLE II. Terms of pay- The said sum of one hundred and thirty thousand dollars, shall be ment. paid in the following terms: For Shelton, Tappan and Sampson: 1st June -.-2, 500 1st JunOctober.................................... 2, 500 1859. 1st August.................................. 2, 500 1st October a. a 2,500 1st December 2, 500 $10, 000 For Shelton & Co.: For Lang & Delano: 1860. f 30 June.......... $7,500 2,000 31 December.......... 7, 500 2, 000 ------- $15, 000 - - 4, 000 1861. { 30 June........10.... 100()0 2, 000 31 December.......... 10, 000 2, 000 20, 000 -- -- 4, 000 1862. I 30 June.............. 10,000 2, 500 31 December...... 10, 000 2, 500 20, 000 - 5, 000 1863. 3.0........ 10, 000 3, 000 31 December....*... 10, 000 3, 000 1 —-- 20, 000 -, 000 1864. 30 June.............. 10, 00 3,000 31 December........... 10, 000 3,000 20, 000 - 6, 000 $95,000 $25, 000 VENEZUELA, 1860. 797 Interest at the rate of five per cent. per annum shall be paid on the Interest. gross amount of indemnity, commencing from the 1st day of this present month, January, 1869, and being added to the several instalments as they fall due. The interest being always computed on the amount of indemnity, ramaining unpaid at the time of the payment of the several instalments. ARTICLE III. In consideration of the above agreement and indemnification, the Nofurtherclaims Government of the United States, and the individuals in whose behalf to be made. they have been made, agree to desist from all further reclamation respecting the Island of Aves. ARTICLE IV. This agreement shall be submitted to the present National Convention, Ratifications. and in case it should not be ratified by it before the closing of its present session, then it shall be considered null and void. Valencia, January the fourteenth, of eighteen hundred and fifty-nine. Date. E. A. TURPIN. LUIS SANOJO. The National Convention having seen the foregoing agreement con eluded on the fourteenth of January last past between the Secretary of Foreign Relations of the Republic and the Minister Resident of the United States, Resolves, To give its approval to the convention aforesaid with the suppression, in article 3d, of the second part, which is as follows: "Abandoning to the Republic of Venezuela whatever rights might pertain to them," (rights to Aves Island;) and with the provision that the interest stipulated in article 2d shall always be simple interest, which shall only be paid successively, on the unpaid principal. Done at Valencia in the Hall of Sessions of the National Convention, February first, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine. The President, F. TORO. The Secretary, R. RAMIREZ. VALENCIA, February 3, 1859. Let it be executed. J. CASTRO. By His Excellency. The Secretary of State in the Departiment of Foreign Relations, LUIS SANOJO. A copy. The Assistant Secretary of Fioreign Relations, R. VALENZUELA. [L. s.] VENEZUELA, 1860. TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, NAVIGATION, AND FOR SURRENDER OF Aug. 27,1860. FUGITIVE CRIMINALS, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA, CONCLUDED AT CARACAS AUGUST 27, 1860; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE FEBRUARY 12, 1861; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT FEBRUARY 25, 1861; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CARACAS AUGUST 9, 1861; PROCLAIMED SEPTEMBER 25, 1861. [This treaty was terminated October 22, 1870, pursuant to notice from Venezuela, under Article XXXI.] The United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, equally Contracting paranimated with the desire of maintaining the cordial relations, and of ties. tightening, if possible, the bonds of friendship between the two countries, as well as to augment, by all the means at their disposal, the cornmlller 798 PUBLIC TREATIES. cial intercourse of their respective citizens, have mutually resolved to conclude a general convention of amity, commerce, and navigation, and for the surrender of fugitive criminals. For this purpose they have appointed as their Plenipoten tiaries, to wit: Negotiators. The President of the United States, Edward A. Turpin, Minister Resident near the Governlnent of Venezuela; and the President of Venezuela, Pedro de las Casas, Secretary of State in the Department of Foreign Relations; Who, after a communication of their respective full powers, have agreed to tthe following articles: ARTICLE I. Peace and friend- It iS the intention of the high contracting parties that there shall conship. tinue to be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and sincere friendship between the Republics of the United States of America and Venezuela, and between their respective countries, territories, cities, Rights of resi- towns, and people, without exception of persons or places. If, unfordents in case of tunately, the two nations should become involved in war, one with the war. other, the term of six months after the declaration thereof shall be allowed to the merchants and other citizens and inhabitants respectively, on each side, during which time they shall be at liberty to withdraw themselves, with their effects and movables; which they shall have the right to carry away, send away, or sell, as they please, without the least obstruction; nor shall their effects, much less their persons, be seized Passports. during such term of six months; on the contrary, passports shall be valid for a term necessary for their return, and shall be given to them for their vessels and the effects which they may wish to carry with them or send away, and such passports shall be a safe conduct against the insults and captures, which privateers may attempt against their persons and effects, and the money, debts, shares in the public funds, or in banks, or any other property, personal or real, belonging to the citizens of the one party in the territories of the other shall not be confiscated or sequestrated. ARTICLE II. Exemption from The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, residing or estabmilitary service, lished in the territory of the other, shall be exempt from all compulsory military service by sea or by land, and from all forced loans or military exactions or requisitions; nor shall they be compelled to pay any contributions whatever higher or other than those that are or may be paid by native citizens. ARTICLE III. Privileges of res- The citizens of the contracting parties shall be permitted to enter, idence, business, sojourn, settle, and reside in all parts of said territories, and such as may &c. wish to engage in business shall have the right to hire and occupy warehouses, provided they submit to the laws, as well general as special, relative to the rights of travelling, residing, or trading. While they conform to the laws and regulations in force, they shall be at liberty to manage themselves their own business, subject to the jurisdiction of either party, as well in respect to the consignment and sale of their goods by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, Employment of and sending off their ships. They may also employ such agents or agents. brokers as they may deem proper, and shall in all these cases be treated as the citizens of the country wherein they reside; it being, nevertheless, distinctly understood that they shall be subject to such laws and reguAccess to courts. lations also in respect to wholesale or retail. They shall have free access to the tribunals of justice, in cases to which they may be a party, on the same terrms which are granted by the laws and usage of the country to native citizens; for which purpose they may employ in defense of their interests and rights such advocates, attorneys, and other agents as they may thinlk proper. VENEZUELA, 1860. 799 ARTICLE IV. The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, residing in the Liberty of conother, shall enjoy the most perfect liberty of conscience. They shall be science. subjected to no inconveniences whatever on account of their religious belief; nor shall they in any manner be annoyed or disturbed in the exercise of theirreligious worship inprivate houses, or in the chapels andplaees which they may select for that purpose, provided that. in so doing, they observe the decorum clue to the laws, usages, and customs of the country. It is likewise agreed that the citizens of the one country, dying in the Rights of burial. territory of the other, may be interred either in the ordinary cemeteries, or in such others as may be selected for that purpose by their own Government, or by their personal friends or representatives, with the consent of the local authorities. All such cemeteries, and funeral processions going to or returning from them, shall be protected from violation or disturbance. ARTICLE V. The citizens of each of the high contracting parties, within the juris- Disposal and inheritance of perdiction of the other, shall have power to dispose of their personal prop- p erty by sale, donation, testament, or otherwise; and their personal representatives being citizens of the other contracting party, shall succeed to their personal property, whether by testament or ab intestato. They may take possession thereof, either by themselves, or by others acting for them, at their pleasure, and dispose of the same, paying such duty only as the citizens of the country wherein the said personal property is situated shall be subject to pay in like cases. In the absence of'Property of aba personal representative, the same care shall be taken of the property sent heirs. as by law would be taken of the property of a native in a similar case, whllilst the lawful owner may take measures for securing it. If a question should arise among claimants as to the rightful ownership of the property, the same shall be [finally] decided by the judicial tribunals of the country in which it is situated. When, on the decease of any person holding real estate within the Heirs to real esterritory of one party, such real estate would by the law of the land tate. descend on a citizen of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, the longest term which the laws of the country in which it is situated will permit shall be accorded to him to to dispose of the same; nor shall he be subjected, in doing so, to higher or other dues than if he were a citizen of the country wherein such real estate is situated. ARTICLE VI. The high contracting parties hereby agree that whatever kind of pro- Equality of diduce, manufactures, or merchandize, of any foreign country, can be from vessels iof either time to time lawfully imported into the United States, in their own ves- party. sels, may also be imported in the vessels of Venezuela, and- no higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the vessels shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in a vessel under the flag of the United States or a vessel under the flag of Venezuela. And, reciprocally, whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or m.erchandize, of any foreign country, can be from time to time lawfully imported into Venezuela, in her own vessels, may also be imported in vessels of the United States; and no higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the vessel shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in a vessel under the flag of Venezuela or under the flag of the United States. Whatever can be lawfully exported or re-exported by one party, in its Equality of duown vessels, to anuy foreign country, may in like manner be exported or ties on exports. re-exported in the vessels of the other; and the same duties, bounties, and drawbacks shall be collected and allowed, whether such exporta 800 PUBLIC TREATIES. tion or re-exportation be made in vessels of the one or the other. Nor shall higher or other charges of any kind be imposed in the ports of one party on vessels of the other than are or shall be payable in the same ports by national vessels. ARTICLE VII. Coasting trade. The preceding article is not applicable to the coasting trade of the contracting parties, which is respectively reserved by each exclusively for its own citizens. But vessels of either country shall be allowed to discharge a part of their cargo[e]s at one port, and proceed to any other port or ports in the territories of the other to discharge the remainder, without paying higher or other port charges or tonnage dues than would be paid by national vessels in such cases, so long as this liberty shall be conceded to any foreign vessels by the laws of both countries. ARTICLE VIII. Nationali t y o f For the better understanding of the preceding stipulations, it has been Venezuelan V e s- agreed that every vessel belonging exclusively to a citizen or citizens of Venezuela, and whose captain is also a citizen of the same, such vessel having also complied with all the other requisites established by law to acquire such national character, though the construction and crew are or may be foreign, shall be considered, for all the objects of this treaty, as a Venezuelan vessel. ARTICLE IX. Equality of du- No higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation into the ties on produce of United States of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of either country. Venezuela, or of her fisheries, and no higher or other duty shall be imposed on the importation into Venezuela of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States or their fisheries, than are or shall be payable on the like articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country or its fisheries. No other or higher duties or charges shall be imposed in the United States on the exportation of any article to Venezuela, nor in Venezuela on the exportation of any article to the United States, than such as are or shall be payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country. Equality of pro- No prohibition shall be imposed on the importation of any article the hibitions. growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States or their fisheries, or of Venezuela and her fisheries, from or to the ports of the United States or Venezuela, which shall not equally extend to every other forFavors granted eign country. If, however, either party shall hereafter grant to any btoother nationsto other nation any particular favour in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become common to the other party, freely, where it shall be freely granted to such other nation, or for the same equivalent, when the grant shall be conditional. ARTICLE X. I)isriminating Should one of the high contracting parties hereafter impose discrimduties. inating dlnties upon the products of any other nation, the other party shall be at liberty to determine the manner of establishing the origin of its own products intended to enter the country by which the discriminating duties are imposed. ARTICLE XL Wreck ed or When any vessel of either party shall be wrecked, stranded, or otherdamaged vesses. wise damaged on the coasts or within the jurisdiction of the other, their respective citizens shall receive, as well for themselves as for their VENEZUELA, 1860. 801 vessels and effects, the same assistance which would be due to the inhabitants of the country where the accident happened; and they shall be liable to pay the same charges and dues of salvage as the said inhabitants would be liable to pa)y in a like case. If the repairs which a stranded vessel may require shall render it neces- Repairs. sarv that the whole or any part of her cargo should be unloaded, no duties of custom, charges, or fees on such cargo as may be carried away shall be paid, except such as are payable in like case by national vessels. It is understood, nevertheless, that if, while the vessel is under repair, the cargo shall be unladen and kept in a place of deposit destined for the reception of goods, the duties on which have not been paid, the cargo shall be liable to the charges and fees lawfully due to the keepers of such warehouses. ARTICLE XII. It shall be lawful for the citizens of either country to sail with their Neutral traae. ships and merchandize (contraband goods always excepted) from any port whatever to any port of the enemy of the other, ancd to sail and trade with their ships an11d merchandize, with perfect security and liberty, from the countries, ports, and places of those who are enelmies of either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, and to pass not only directly from the places and ports of the enemy aforementioned to neutral ports and places, but also from one place belonging to an. enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be or be not under the jurisdiction of the same Power, unless such ports or places be effectively blockaded, besieged, or invested. And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or Blockaded ports place belonging to an enemy without knowing that the same is either besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circulmstanced may be turned away from such port or place, but she shall not be detained, nor any part of her cargo (if not contraband) be confiscated, unless, after notice of such blockade or investment, she shall again attempt at enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper, provided the same be not blockaded, besieged, or invested. Nor shall any vessel of either of the parties that may have entered into such port or place before the samne was actually besieged, blockaded, or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo; nor, if found therein after the reduction and surrender of such place, shall such vessel or her cargo be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. ARTICLE XIII. In order to regulate what shall be cdeemed contraband of war, there Contraband arti. shall be comprised under that denomination gunpowder, saltpetre, cles. petards, matches, balls, bombs, grenades, carcasses, pikes, halberds, swords, belts, pistols, holsters, cavalry saddles and furniture, cannons, mortars, their carriages and beds, and generally all kinds of arms, ammunition of war, and instruments fit for the use of troops. All the above articles, whenever they are destined to the port of an enemy, are hereby declared to be contraband, and just objects of confiscation; but the vessel in which they are laden, and the residue of the cargo, shall be considered free, and not in any manner infected by the prohibited goods, whether belonging to the same or a different owner. ARTICLE XIV. It is hereby stipulated that free ships shall give a freedom to. goods, Free ships make and that everything shall be deemed free and exempt which shall be free goods. found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being alVways excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be R S IV 51 802 PUB'LIC TREATIES. extended to persons who are on board a free ship, mwith this effect, that, although they be enemies to either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship unless they are soldiers and in actual service of the enemy. ARTIOLE'XV. Examinatiou of In time of war the merchant-ships belonging to the citizens of either vessels. of'the contracting parties which shall be bound to a port of the enemy of one of the parties, and concerning whose voyage and the articles of their cargo there shall be just grounds of suspicion, shall be obliged to exhibit, as well upon the high seas as in the ports or roads, not only their passports, but likewise their certificates, showing that their goods are not of the quality of those which are specified to be contraband in the thirteenth article of the present convention. ARTICLE XVI. Passports an d And that captures on light suspicions may be avoided, and injuries certificates. thence arising prevented, it is agreed that, when one party shall be engaged in war, and the other party be neutral, the ships of the neutral party shall be furnished with passports, that it may appear thereby that the ships really belong to the citizens of the neutral party; they shall be valid for any number of voyages, but shall be renewed every yearthat is, if the ship happens to return home in the space of a year. If the ships are laden, they shall be provided, not only with the passports above mentioned, but also with certificates, so that it may be known whether they carry'any contraband goods. ~No other paper shall be required, any usage or ordinance to the contrary notwithstanding. And if it shall not appear from the said certificates that there are contraband goods on board, the ships shall be permitted to proceed on their voyage. If it shall appear from the certificates that there are contraband goods on board any such ship, and the commander of the same shall offer to deliver them up, the offer shall be accepted, and a receipt for the same shall be given, and the ship shall be at liberty to pursue its voyage, unless the quantity of the contraband goods be greater than can conveniently be received on board the ship of war or privateer; in which case, as in all other cases of just detention, the ship shall be carried into the nearest safe and convenient port for the delivery of the samle. If any ship shall not be furnished with such passport or certificates as are above required for the same, such case may be examined by a proper judge or tribunal; and if it shall appear from other documents or proofs, admissible by the usage of nations, that the ship belongs to the citizens or subjects of the neutral party, it shall not be confiscated, but shall be released with her cargo, (contraband goods excepted,) and be permitted to proceed on her voyage. If the master of a ship, named in the passport, should happen to die, or be removed by any other cause, and another put'in his place, the ship and cargo shall, nevertheless7 be equally secure,.and the passport remain in full force. ARTICLE XVII. le gulI ation of If the ships of the citizens of either of the parties shall be met with visits at sea. on the high seas by any ship of war or privateer of the other, for the avoiding of any disorder the said ships of war orprivateers shall remain out of cannon-shot, and may send their boats on board the merchantship which they shall so meet with, and may enter her to the number of two or three men only, to whom the master or commander of such ship shall exhibit his passport concerning the property of the ship; and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel for the purpose- of exhibiting his papers, or for any other examination whatever. VENEZUELA, 1860. 803 ARTICLE XVIII. It is expressly agreed by the high contracting parties that the stipu- Vessels u n d o r lations above mentioned, relative to the conduct to be observed on the convoy. sea by the cruisers of the belligerent party towards the ships of the neutral party, shall be applicable only to ships sailing without convoy, and when the said ships shall be convoyed, it being the intention of the parties to observe all the regards due to the protection of the flag displayed by public ships, it shall not be lawful to visit them: but the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy that the ships he convoys belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be considered by the respective cruisers as fully sufficient; the two parties reciprocally engaging not to admit under the protection of their convoys ships which shall have on board contraband goods destined to an enemy. ARTICLE XIX. In all cases where vessels shall be captured, or detained to be carried Provision in case into port, under pretence of carrying to'the enemy contraband goods, of captures. the captor shall give a receipt for such of the papers of the vessel as he shall retain, which receipt shall be annexed to a copy of the said papers; and it shall be unlawful to break up or open the hatches, chests. trunks, casks, bales or vessels found on board, or remove the smallest part of the goods, unless the lading be brought on shore in presence of the competent officers, and an inventory be made by them of the same. Nor shall it be lawful to sell, exchange, or alienate the said articles of contraband in any manner, unless there shall have been lawful process, and the competent judge or judges shall have pronounced against such goods sentence of confiscation. ARTICLE XX. And in such time of war, that proper care may be taken of the vessel Care of captured and cargo, and embezzlement prevented, it is agreed that it shall not property. be lawful to remove the master, commander, or supercargo of any captured ship from on board thereof, during the time the ship may be at sea after her capture, or pending the proceedings against her or her cargo, or anything relating thereto; and in all cases where a vessel of the citizens of either party shall be captured or seized and held for adjudication, her officers, passengers, and crew shall be hospitably treated; Passengers a n d they shall not be imprisoned or deprived of any part of their wearing crews. apparel, nor of the possession and use of their money, not exceeding for the captain, supercargo, and mate five hundred dollars each, and for the sailors and passengers one hundred dollars each. ARTICLE XXI. It is further agreed that in all cases the established courts for prize Prize courts and causes in the country to which the prizes may be conducted shall alone decrees. take cognizance of them; and whenever such tribunal of either of the parties shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded; and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of the said vessel without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same. ARTICLE XXII. And that more abundant care may be taken for tlhe security of the Privateers. citizens of the contracting parties, and to prevent their suffering injuries, all commanders of ships of war and privateers; and all others, the said 804 PUBLIC TREATIES. citizens, shall forbear doing any damage to those of the other party, or committing any outrage against them; and, if they act to the contrary, they shall be punished, and shall also be bound, in their persons and estates, to make satisfaction and reparation for all damages, and the interest thereof, of whatever nature the said damages mav be. Commanders to For this cause, all commanders of privateers, before they receive their give bonds. commissions, shall hereafter be obliged to give, before a competent judge, sufficient security by at least two responsible sureties who have no interest in the said privateer each of whom, together with the said commander, shall be jointly and severally bound in the sum of seven thousand dollars, or of nine thousand four hundred dollars Venezuelan currency, or if said ship be provided with above one hundred and fifty seamen or soldiers, in the sum of fourteen thousand dollars, or eighteen thousand eight hundred dollars Venezuelan currency, to satisfy all damages and injuries which the said privateer, or her officers or men, or any of them, may do or commit during her cruise contrary to the tenor of this convention, or to the laws and instructions for regulating their conduct; and, further, that in all cases of aggressions said commission shall be revoked and annulled. ARTICLE XXIII. Prizes, &c. W~hen the ships of war of the two contracting parties, or those belonging to their citizens which are armed in war, shall be admitted to enter with their prizes the ports of either of the two parties, the said public or private ships, as well as their prizes, shall not be obliged to pay any duty, either to the officers of the place, the judges, or any others; nor shall such prizes, when they come to and enter the ports of either party, be arrested or seized; nor shall the officers of the p)lace make examination concerning the lawfulness of such prizes, but they may hoist sail at any time and depart, and carry their prizes to the places expressed in their commissions, which the commanders of such ships of war shall be obliged to show. It is understood, however, that the privileges conferred by this article shall not extend beyond those allowed by law, or by treaty with the most favored nations. ARTICLE XXIV. Enemies' priva- It shall not be lawful for any foreign privateers who have commissions toers. ~E~from any Prince or State in enmity with either nation to fit their ships in the ports of either, to sell their prizes, or in any manner to exchange them; neither shall they be allowed to purchase provisions, except such as shall be cneessary to their going to the next port of that Prince or State from which they have received their commissions. ARTICLE XXV. L e t t e r s of No citizen of Venezuela shall apply for or take any commission or marque. letters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the said United States, or any of them, or against the citizens, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the said United States shall be at war; nor shall any citizen or inhabitant of the said United States, or any of them, apply for or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the citizens or inhabitants of Venczaela, or any of them, or the property of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the said Rep)ublic shall be at warn and if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque, he shall be punished according to their respective laws. VENEZUELA, 1860. 805 ARTICLE XXVI. The high contracting parties grant to each other the liberty of ]laving Consuls and Vicein the ports of the other Consuls or Vice-Consuls of their own appoint- Consuls. ment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favoured nation; but if any of the said Consuls or Vice-Consuls shall carry on trade, they shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of their nation are subjected in the same place. It is understood that whenever either of the two contracting parties When consular shall select a citizen of the other for a Consular Agent, to reside in anyv agent is a citizen. ports or commercial places of the latter, such Consul or Agent shall continue to be regarded, notwithstanding his quality of a foreign Consul, as a citizen of the nation to which he belongs, and consequently shall be subject to the laws and regulations to which natives are subjected in the place of his residence. This obligation, however, shall in no respect embarrass the exercise of his consular functions or affect the inviolability of the consular archives. The said Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall have the right, as such, to S e t t lemen of sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may arise between disputes between the masters and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless their assistance should be required, or the conduct of the crews or of the captain should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country. It is, however, understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return, to the judicial authority of their own country. The said Consuls and Vrice-Consuls are authorized to require the Deserters from assistance of the local authorities for the arrest and imprisonment of vessels. the deserters from the ships of war and merchant-vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall in writing demand such deserters, proving, by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the muster-rolls of the crews, or by any other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and on this claim being substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls, and may be confined in the public prisons at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be sent to the vessels to which they belong, or to others of the same country. But if not sent back within three months of the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not again be arrested for the same cause. However, if the deserter shall be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be pending shall have pronounced its sentence and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ARTICLE XXtII. The United States of America and the Republic of Venezuela, on Extradition o f requisitions made in their name through the medium of their respective criminals. Diplomatic and Consular Agents, shall deliver up to justice persons who, being charged with the crimes enumerated in the following article, committed within the jurisdiction of the requiring party, shall seek asylum or shall be found within the territories of the other: Pro- E v i d e n c e ol vided, That this shall be done only when the fact of the commission of criminality. the crime shall be so established as to justify their apprehension and commitment for trial, if the crime had been committed in the country where the persons so accused shall be found; in all of which the tribunals of said country shall proceed and decide according to their own laws. S0o PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTICLE XXVIII. Crimes for which Persons shall be delivered up, according to the provisions of this consu r r e n d i r vs vention, who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit: murder, (including assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poisoning;) attempt to commit murder; rape; forgery; the counterfeiting of money; arson; robbery with violence, intimidation, or forcible entry of an inhabited house; piracy; embezzlement by public officers, or by persons hired or salaried, to the detriment of their employers, when these crimes are subject to infamous punishment. ARTICLE XXIX. Surrender, h o w On the part of each country the surrender shall be made only by the made. authority of the Executive thereof. The expenses of detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the preceding articles, shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. ARTICLE. XXX. Political offenses, The provisions of the aforegoing articles relating to the surrender of &c., not included. fugitive criminals shall not apply to offences committed before the date hereof; nor to those of a political character. ARTICLE XXXI. D u r a t i o n o f This convention is concluded for the term of eight years, dating from treatty. the exchange of the ratifications; and if one year before the expiration of that period neither of the contracting parties shall have announced, by an official notification, its intention to the other to arrest the operations of said convention, it shall continue binding for twelve months longer, and so on, from year to year, until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar declaration, whatever the time at which it may take place. ARTICLE XXXII. Ratifications. This convention shall be submitted on both sides to the approval and ratification of the respective competent authorities of each of the contracting parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Caracas as soon as circumstances shall admit. Signatures. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the aforegoing articles, in the English and Spanish languages, and they have hereunto affixed their seals. Date. Done in duplicate, at the city of Caracas, this twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty. E. A. TURPIN. [L. S.] PEDRO DE LAS CASAS. LL. S.J VENEZUELA, 1866. April 25, 1866. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA FOR ADJUSTMENT OF CLAIMS, CONCLUDED AT CARACAS APRIL 25, 1866; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JULY 5, 1866; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT AUGUST 8, 1866; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT CARACAS APRIL 17, 1867; PROCLAIMED MAY 29, 1867. Preambie. The conclusion of a convention similar to those entered into with other republics, and by which the pending American claims upon Venezuela might be referred for decision to a mixed commission and an umpire, having been proposed to the Venezuelan Government on behalf VEN-EZUELA, 1866. 807 of the United States of America, as a means of examining and justly terminating such claims; and it having been thought that the adoption of the contemplated course will secure at least some of the advantages attending arbitration, so strongly recommended in article the 112th of the Federal Constitution of Venezuela, while it will preserve unimpaired, as reciprocally desired, the good understanding of both nations: The Contracting parCitizen First Vice-President in charge of the Presidency has accepted ties. the above proposal, and authorized the Minister for Foreign Relations to negotiate and sign the proper convention. Thereupon.said Minister Negotiators. and Mr. E. D. Culver, Minister Resident of the United States of America, also duly empowered for that purpose, have agreed upon the following articles of convention: ARTICLE I. All claims on the part of corporations, companies, or individuals, citi- Claims upon Yenzens of the United States, upon the Government of Venezuela, which ezuela to be refermay have been presented to their Government, or to its legation inl Cara- si to cas, shall be submitted for examination and decision to a mixed corn- Commissioner s, mission, consisting of two members, one of whom shall be appointed by how appointed. the Government of the United States, andl the other by that of Venezuela. In case of death, absence, resignation, or incapacity of either Vacancies, h o w of the Commissioners, or in the event of either of them omitting or filled. ceasing to act, the Government of the United States or that of Venezuela, respectively, or the Minister of the United States in Caracas, by tluthority of his Government, shall forthwith proceed to fill the vacancy. The Commissioners so named shall meet in the city of Caracas within Meeting of cornfour months from the exchange of the ratifications of this convention missionllers. and, before proceeding to business, they shall make solemn oath that Qualification. they will carefully examine and impartially decide according to justice, and in compliance with the provisions of this convention, all claims submitted to them, and such oath shall be entered on the record of their proceedings. The Commissioners shall then proceed to appoint an Umpire to decide Selection of Jni-'upon any case or cases concerning which they may disagree, or upon p)ire any point of difference that may arise in the course of their proceedings. And if they cannot agree in the selection, the Umpire shall be named by the Diplomatic Representative either of Switzerland or of Russia, in Washington, on the previous invitation of the high contracting parties. ARTICLE II. So soon as the Umpire shall have been appointed, the Commissioners Examination o f shall proceed, without delay, to examine the claims which may be pre- claims. sented to them under this convention; and they shall, if required, hlear one person in behalf of each Government on every separate claim. Each Government shall furnish, on request of either Commissioner, all Papers and docsuch documents and papers in its possession, as may be deemed impor- nlluents. taut to the just determination of any claim. In cases where they agree to award an indemnity, they shall determine c e r t i ficates of the amount to be paid, and issue certificates of the same. In cases indemnity. when the Commissioners cannot agree, the points of difference shall be referred to the Umpire, before whom each of the Commissioners may be heard, and whose decision shall be final. The Commissioners shall make such decision as they shall deem, in Decision of the reference to such claims, conformable to justice, even though such decis- Commissioners. ions amount to an absolute denial of illegal pretensions, since the including of any such in this convenltion is not to be understood as Tworlking any prejudice in favor of any one, either as to principles of right or matters of fact. 808 PUBLIC TREATIES. ARTJCLE III. P aym e nt of The Commissioners shall issue certificates of the sums to be paid to awazrd. the claimants, respectively, by virtue of their decisions or those of the Umpire, and the aggregate amount of all sums awarded by the Cormmissioners, and of all sums accruing from awards made by the Umpire, shall be paid to the Government of the United States. Payments of said sums shall be made in equal annual payments, to be completed within ten years from the date of the termination of the labor of the -Interest, commission; the first payment to be made six months from same date. Semi-annual interest shall be paid on the several sums awarded, at a rate of five per cent. per annum froml the date of the termination of the labors of the commission. ARTICLE IV. Termination of The commission shall terminate its labors in twelve months from the commission. da~te of its organization, except that thirty days' extension may be given to issue certificates, if necessary, on the decisions of the Umpire in the Records, &c. case referred to in the following article. They shall keep a record of their proceedinigs, and may appoint a secretary. ARTICLE V. Decisions to be The decisions of this commission and those (in case there may be any) final, of the Umpire, shall be final and conclusive as to all pending claims at ClaRms not pre- the date of their installation. Claims which shall not be presented sented, barred. within the twelve months herein prescribed will be disregarded by both Governments, and considered invalid. Cases pend i n g In the event that, upon the termination of the labors of said commisbefore Umlpire at sion, there should remain pending one or more cases before the Umpire termination I of commlissionl. of awaiting his decision, the said Umpire is authorized to make his decis — ion and transmit same to the Commissioners, who shall issue their certificates thereupon and communicate [them] to each Government, which shall be held binding and conclusive; provided, however, that his decision shall be given within -thirty days from the termination of the labors of the commission, and after the expiration of the said thirty days any decision made shall be void and of no effect. ARTICLE VI. Expenses of com- Each Government shall pay its own Commissioner, and shall pay onemission. half of what may [be] due the Umpire and secretary, and one-half the incidental expenses of the commission. ARTICLE VII. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged, so soon as may be practicable, in the city of Caracas. Signatures. In testimony whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention, and hereunto affixed the seals of the Ministry of Foreign Relations of the United States of Venezuela, and of the Legation of the United Date. States of America, in Caracas, this twenty-fifth day of April, in the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-six. The Minister Resident of the United States of Avmerica, E. D. CULVER. [L. S.] The Jlfinister of Foreign Relations of the United States qof Venezuela, RAFAEL SEIJAS. [L. S.] WMORTTEMBERG, 1844. 809 W U XR T TEMBER, G. W\URTTEMBERG, 1844. CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HIS April 10, 1844. MAJESTY THE KING OF WCRTTEMBERG, FOR THIE ABOLITION OF --- DROIT D'AUBAINE AND TAXES ON EMIGRATION, CONCLUDED AT BERLIN APRIL 10, 1844; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE JUNE 12, 1844; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT JUNE i24, 1844; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT BERLIN OCTOBER 3, 1844; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 16, 1844. Convention for the mutual abolition of the droit d'aubaine and taxes on eMaigration between the United States of America and his Macjesty the King of T;iirttenmberg. The United States of America and His Majesty the King of Wiirt- Contractingpartemberg having resolved, for the advantage of their respective citizens and subjects, to conclude a convention for the mutual abolition of the droit daunbaine and taxes on emigration, have named for this purpose their respective Plenipotentiaries, namely: The President of the United Negotiators, States of America has conferred full powers on Henry Wheaton, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Royal Court of Prussia; and His Maljesty the King of Wiirttemberg, upon Baron de Maucler, his Captain of the Staff and Charg6 d'Affaires at the said court; who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to and signed the followilg articles: ARTICLE I. Every kind of droit d7aubaine, droitfde retraite, and droit de d6trac- Droit d'aubaine, tion or tax on emigration, is hereby and shall remain abolished, between &c., abolished. the two contracting parties, their States, citizens, and subjects respectively. ARTICLE IT. Where, on the death of any person holding real property within the Heirs t o real 1 territories of one party, such real property would by the laws of the property. land descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, such citizen or subject shall be allowed a term of two years to sell the same, which term may be reasonably prolonged according to circumstances, and to withdraw the proceeds thereof without molestation, and exempt from all duties of detraction. ARTICLE IIT. The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have Duties on dispower to dispose of their personal property within the States of the posal of personal other, by testament, donation, or otherwise, and their heirs, legatees, property. and donees, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting party, shall succe[e]d to their said personal property, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves, or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying suchll duties only as the inhabitants of the country where the said property lies shall be liable to pay in like cases. 810 PUBLIC.TREATrIES. ARTICLE IV. Property of ab-. In case of the absence of the heirs, the same care shall be taken sent heirs. provisionally of such real or personal property as would be taken in a like case of property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner, or the person who has a right to sell the same according to, article 2, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance ARTICLE V. Disputes to be If any dispute should arise between different claimants to the same elcaiwd bya the inleritance, they shall be decided, in the last resort, according to the laTws, and by the judges of the country where the property is situated. ARTICLE VI. Property not yet All the stipulations of the presellt convention shall be obligatory in w it hdl r awn eam- respect to property already inherited or bequeathed, but not yet withbraced. drawn from the country where the same is situated at the signature of this convention. ARTICLE VII. Ratifications. This convention is concluded subject to the ratification of the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and con: sent of their Senate, and of His Majesty the King of Wiirttemberg, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Berlin, within the term of twelve months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. Signatures. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, as well in English as in German, and have thereto affixed their seals. Date. Done in triplicata, in the city of Berlin, on the tenth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, in the sixty-eighth year of the Independence of the United States of America, and the twenty-eighth of the reign of His Majesty the King of Wiirtte'mberg. HENRY WHEATON. [L. S.] FREIHERR VON MAUCLEIR. [L. S.J WTRTTEMBERG, 1853. Oct. 13, 1853. DECLARATION OF ACCESSION TO CONVENTION OF JUNE 16, 1852, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION, FOR EXTRADITION OF CRIMINALS, DATED OCTOBER 13, 1853; PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 27, 1853. Accession to con- -[On the 13th of October, 1853, the Government of His Majesty the vention with Prus- King of Viirttemberg formally declared its accession to the convention sin and other States. of the 16th of June, 1852, between the United States and Prussia and [See pp. 660-663.] other States of the Germanic Confederation, for the mutual delivery of criminals fugitives from justice in certain cases.] WIRTTEMBERG, 1868. 811 CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND IIS MAJ- July 27, 1868. ESTY THE KING OF WURTTEMBERG RELATIVE TO NATURALIZATION, CONCLUDED AT STUTTGART JULY 27, 1868; RATIFICATION ADVISED BY SENATE APRIL 12, 1869; RATIFIED BY PRESIDENT APRIL 18, 1869; RATIFICATIONS EXCHANGED AT STUTTGART AUGUST 17, 1869; EXCHANGE ()F RATIFICATIONS CONSENTED TO BY SENATE MARCH 2, 1870; PROCLAIMED MARCH 7, 1870. The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the Contracting parKing of Wiirttemberg, led by the wish to regulate the citizenship of ties. those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Wiirttemberg, and from Wiirttemberg to the territory of the United States of America, have resolved to treat on this subject, and have for that purpose appointed Plenipotentiaries to conclude a convention, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, George Ban- Negotiators. croft, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, and His Majesty the King of Wiirttemberg, his Minister of the Royal House and of Foreign Affairs, Charles Baron Varnbiiler; who have agreed to and signed the following articles: ARTICLE 1. Citizens of Wiirttemberg, who have become or shall become natural- W lho t o b e ized citizens of the United States of America, and shall have resided deemed naturaluninterruptedly within the United States five years, shall be held by ized citizes. Wiirttemberg to be American citizens, and shall be treated as such. Reciprocally, citizens of the United States of America who have become or shall become naturalized citizens of Wiirttemberg, and shall have resided uninterruptedly within Wiirttemberg five years, shall be held by the United States to be citizens of Wiirttemberg, and shall be treated as such. The declaration of an intention to become a citizen of the Effect of dleclaone or the other country has not for either party the effect of natural- ration of intention. ization. ARTICLE II. A naturalized citizen of the one party on return to the territory of Offences c o mlthe other party remains liable to trial and punishment for an action mitted before emipunishable by the laws of his original country, and committed before gration. his emigration; saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, or any other remission of liability to punishment. ARTICLE III. The convention for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from Extradition coneti o n unjustice, in certain cases, concluded- between WViirttemberg and the v e n t i o u United States the 6J 85remains in force without change. [See pp. 660-663, 13 October, 1853, [See pp. 660-663, 810.] ARTICLE IV. If a Wiirttemberger, naturalized in America, renews his residence in Recovery of citiWVViirttemberg without the intent to return to America, he shall be held zenship in original to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Recipro- country. cally, if an American naturalized in Wiirttemberg renews his residence Renunciation of in the United States without the intent'to return to Wiirttemberg, he naturalization shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in Wiirtemberg. The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person natural- Inteut not to reized in the one country resides more than two years in the other country. turn. ARTICLE'V. The present convention shall go into effect immediately on the ex- Duration of conchange of ratifications, and shall continue in force for ten years. If vention. 812 PUBLIC TIREATIES. neither party shall have given to the other six Ionths' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention. ARTICLE VI. Ratifications. The present convention shall be ratified by His AMlajesty the King of Wiirttemberg, with the consent of the Chambers of the Kingdom, and by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Stuttgart as soon as possible, within twelve months from the date hereof. Signatures. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this convention. Date. Stuttgart, the 27 of July, 1868. [SEAL.] GEO. BANCROFT. [SEAL.] FREIHTERR VON VARNBUjLER. LIST OF TREATIES, CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED. I. Prior to the organization under the Constitution: 1778, to MIarch 4, 1789. Page. 1778. February 6........... France.- - - Alliance................................. 201 February 6......-. - -France.- -... —-----... Amity and commerce..................... 203 February 6...........France...................Act separate and secret................... 21:3 1782. July 16... Franco.Payment of loan 214 October 8......-.Netherlands..............Amity and commerce.....................533 October 8.-.......Netherlands.-.. Recaptured vessels.-. 541 November 30..... Great Britain. Provisional articles preliminary to peace.. 261 November 30 -...Great Britain............ Separate article. —-----..- - —.'O 264 1783. January 20.-..........Great Britain... --—.Armistice.- 264 February 25 -..........France -.......New loan. -—.O 217 April 3...............Sweden.Ao —.. mity and commerce..................... 722 April 3............... Sweden -....- - - - e Separate articles.......................... 729 September 3..........Great Britain.............Peace.................................... 266 1785. July 9 and 28, August Prussia... Amity and commerce.................... 641 5, and September 10. 1787. January... Morocco.o-O..- - OO..Peace and friendship. -.... 516 January. -. Morocco -... -. - -.Additional article.- -..-.... 520 1788. November 14........France o.. oo.....oo-. sConsuls.. o.oo.. 219 IT. President Washington's Administration: March 4, 1789, to March 4, 1797. 1794. November 19 -- _ —Great Britain.............Amity, commerce, and navigation ---- ---- 269 November 19......... Great Britain -..Additional article. ----—.. —-.- - -— 282 1795. September 5.. Algiers...................Peace and amity.-..... 1 October 27 -.....Spain...................Friendship, limits, and navigation...... 704 1796. M-ay 4. —- —.-. Great Britain. -. Explanatory of 3d article of treaty of 1794. 282 November 4...... Tripoli...................Peace and friendship -. -.-.... 837 IlT. President John Adams' Administration: March 4, 1797, to March 4, 1801. 1797. August -....Tunis *-. -- Peace and friendship -- --- —. —. —--- 763 1798. March 15. —.....Great Britain.........Explanatory of 5th article of treaty of 1794 283 1799. July 1A.-o.Prussia o...-.r o o Alnmity and commerce..................... 648 1800. September 30........France................... Peace, commerce, and navigation 224 IV. President Je ferson's Administration: March 4, 1801, to March 4, 1809. 1802. January 8.....-.Great Britain............. Additional convention to treaty of 1794. 285 August 11 -. - - - Spain -..-. -.....Indemnity............................... 711 1803. April 30.-. —------.France. o -.. Cession of Louisiana..................... 232 April 30.......France -....Payment of 60,000,000 francs by the United States. -.o-.....-................... 235 April 30 -...France o.. -. o Claims against France.................... 236 1805 June 4.'..Tripoli.-..-........ Peace and friendship...................... 758' V. President 1Madison's Administration: March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1817. 1814. December 24........Great Britain. - --.Peace and amity.. —----- ---- 287 1815. July 3....- - Great Britain.............Regulation of commerce.-................ 292 June 30, July 6.-Algiers. -- --.Peace and amity.................... 5 November 24..- Great Britain -.......-.oDeclaration relative to St. Helena, as residence of Bonaparte..o 295 1816. September 4 Sweden and Norway...... Amity and commerce. - -........ 731 December 22, 23 A O. Algiers.. Peace and amity.-...-.. -. 9 - VI. President 3Monroe's Administration: March 4, 1817, to 3March 4, 1825. 1817. April 28...-....Great Britain -.............. Arrangement for armed vessels on the lakes 296 November24 -,G.. Great Britain.-.. Declaration of Commissioners under 4th article treaty of Ghent.-......... 296 November24.........Great Britain- -.......Decision of Commissioners; boundary -... 297 814 LIST OF TRIEATIES, CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED. Page. 1818. October 20......Great Britain...-.... Fisheries, boundary, slaves................ 297 1819. February 22...-.......Spain. —......Amity, settlement, and limits, (cession of Florida)....................... 712 1822. June 18.. -..- -.Great Britain - -- - - - --.Decision of Commissioners under 6th article treaty of Ghent........................ 300 June 24....-..France..........-.-.. Navigation and commerce... - 243 J une 24 -F —--------- France- -.....~. -- Separate article.....-. 245 July 12.-.... Great Britain.. —..Indemnity under award of Emperor of Russia -------------------------------- 303 1824. February 24..........Tunis. - - Altered articles of peace, friendship, and navigation.-........ 6..... —- 768 April 5,17 -.- -... —-- Russia --—..-..........Navigation, fishing, &c., in Pacific Ocean -. 664 October 3 - - - -.....ColombiaP. —--------- --.Peace, amity, navigation, and commerce. - 150 Vii. President J. Q. Adams' Administration: March 4, 1825, to March 4, 1829. 1825. December 5...........Central America... —-—.-Peace, amity, commerce, and navigation -. 95 1826. April 26..............-Denmark.. -.-... Friendship, commerce, and navigation-... 167 November 13 —.......Great Britain- - - - - - - -- -Indenmnity under treaty of Glhent..... 308 1827. July 4,.-....Sweden and Norway. —..Commerce and navigation.-.............. 736 July 4-.... Sweden and Norway. —---- Separate article ----- -------- 742 August 6 ---- ----- Great Britain ---------— Boundary west of Rocky Mountains-... 310 Angust 6.... —.......Great Britain- Renewal of commercial conventions ------- 311 September 29-. —....Great Britain -—. —.......Boundary; differences to be referred to an arbiter --------------------------------- 312 December 20.......Ianseatic Republics......Friendship, comnmerce, and navigation - 400 1828. January 12 -----.......Mexico -......Boundary ----—.......................... 474 May 1 -...- P...russia.. —---—.. —---— Commerce and navigation...-... 656 June 4 --—.-. —. —-— Hanseatic Republics. ——.Additional article to convention of 1827 403 December 12..........Brazil..... -.. —.......Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation 81 VIIi. President JacCson's Administration: March 4, 1829, to March 4, 1837. 1829. August 27 -...Austria-.. - Commerce and navigation.- -............... 21 1830. March 28 ——... —-.Denmark-...-.Indemnity — 170 May 7. ——. —----—. —Ottoman Empire -.-.......Commerce and navigation ---—. —-. —---- 583 1831. April 5.. —. —. —-. — Mexico —---. —- Additional article to treaty of 1828. —--- 475 April 5. ——. ——. —- Mexico..-...Amity, commerce, and navigation -. —- 476 April 5.....-.... Mexico -.-.. -..... Additional article to treaty of 18'31 —.. 486 July 4. —-----------—.France...................Claims; duties on wines and cottons.....-. 245 1832. May 16 ---—... —-. —.Chili..-.......Peace, amity, commerce and navigation, 104 October 14.....Two Sicilies. —Indemnity. -. -...... 771 December 6-18 -...Russia....-....Commerce and navigation-......... 666 December 6-18 ---—. —Russia -. Separate article........ —.669 1833. March 20 ----------— Siam.- -.. -..-.........Amity and commerce -6........ 93 September 1 -... ——.- Chili -.-. -.-_.....Explanatory of treaty of 1832 ---- -----—. 112 September 21- M......Muscat.-........Amity and commerce..-..................-. 528 1834. February 17.........Spain. — -...... —-.-. —.Indemnity -..-..-..... 718 1835. April 3 ----—. —----— Mexico -.. ——.. — -----..Second additional article to treaty of 1828. 486 1836. January 20...........Venezuela...-..Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation 787 September 16.........-Morocco. —. —- —. —---— Peace and friendship...................... 521 November 30..-. Peru-Bolivia.-...Peace, friendship, commerce, and. navigation 602 IX. Presidcnt Van Baren's Administration: March i4, 1837, to March 4, 1841. 18:37. December 10-22-......Greece.-.......Commerce and navigation - -373 1838. April 11 —. —-------— Texas....................-Indemnity for brigs "Pocket" and "Durango" -.-............. 753 April 25.-.....Texas....................Boundary- 754 November 26... a.....Sardinia -. —----—... —. Commerce and navigation...... 684 November 26.-..Sardinia.........-.. Separate article.-....-... 689 1839. January 19....- Netherlands -- -- Commerce and navigation............... -542 April 11 —... Mexico...................Claims....... —..... 487 June 13 —........Ecuador.-... _.... Peace, friendship, navigation, and commerce 187 1840. May 20 -. -._.......-Hanover.................Commerce and navigation................ 387 Angust 26............ Portugal....- Commerce and navigation..........-...... 634 X. President Harrison's Administration: Marchl 4, 1841, to April 4, 1841. 1811. March 17.. -....Peru... —Cl..aim..Chdms -.. - -............. 611 XI. Presidcrnt Tylers Admcinistration: April 4, 1811, to March 4, 1845. 1849, August 9.............Great Britaiu.... -., Boundary, slave-trade, extradition.. -...... 315 LIST OF TREATIES, CHRONOLOGiCALLY ARRANGED. 815 Page. 1843. January 30......... -s Mexico -.......... - -..Payment of awards to claimants.-.... 490 November 9..........France -..... - Extradition - -- - -- - ---- ---- 247 1844. March 26........... HIesse Cassel..............Abolition of droit dlaubaine and taxes on emigration... —.....-....... —-- 422 April 10.-..*.. WUiirttemberg....... Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration............................ 809 July 3.. -. China. —.. —-. —-. —-. Peace, amity, and commerce.............. 116 1845. January 21...........Bavaria.-...D._._._._.- Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration. - -. 41 February 24..........France................... Additional article to convention of 1843. Extradition...-.....o.oo. oo.... 248 XII. President Polk's Administration: A3hrch 4, 1845, to 3Iarclh 4, 1849. May 14..0- -........Saxony..-..Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration...........-......-... 690 November 10 -......... Belgium.................. Commerce and navigation................ 48 December 1........... Two Sicilies.............. Commerce and navigation.. 772 1846. May 27..... Nassau. Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration......- - -... 531 June 10.-...Hanover......... - Commerce and navigation.. 391 June 15.............. Great Britain-............. Boundary west of Rocky Mountains.. 320 1)ccember 12-...New Granada.............Peace, amity, navigation, and commerce. 550 December 12...-..New Granada - - _.Additional article, defining national ships. 559 1847. March 10..........Oldenburg...............Accession. Commerce and navigation.....- 578 May 18...-..Swiss Confederation.- Abolition of droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigration. ------ 747 December 9 —-.... —.Mecklenburg-Schwerin...Accession. Commerce and navigation -- 467 1848. February 2...........-Mexico.................Peace, friendship, limits, and settlement... 492 May 8.. —-—. —-..Austria.................. Personal property, consuls, &c --—..... — 24 May 26 Mexico -.... -..... Protocol, explanatory of treaty of 1848... - ()2 1849. January 27........... Brazil.................... Claims..................... 90 March 3 -- G-.l Guateala............... Peace, amity, commerce, and navigation.. 378 XIIT. President Taylor's Adminitstration: March 4, 1849, to Jtuly 9, 1850. December 20........ -Hawaiian Islands... - o.Friendship, commerce, navigation, and extradition.........o. -... 406 1850. January 2............ San Salvador.......Amity, navigation, and commerce -.-..... 675 April 19.............. Great Britain............. Ship-canal fiom the Atlantic to the Pacific 322 May 4...............New Granada............. Consuls. 560iO June 23.............Borneo................ Peace, friendship, and good understandingl 79 XIV. President Fillhnore's Admiaistration: July 9, 1850I to March 4, 1853. November25 Swiss C onfederation...... Friendship, commerce, and extradition.... 748 December 9..........Great Britain. -.. Pretocol ceding Horseshoe Reef ---—. 325 1851. February 26.. Portugal.................Claims........-.......................... 639 July 10............... Costa Rica.. —-. -. Friendship, commerce, and navigation...... 159 July 26.-. - Peru -........ F.....Friendship, commerce, and navigation.. 61'2 1852. April 30.... -- Hanseatio Republics...Consular jurisdiction.. 404 June 16............... Prussia and other states... Extradition.....-.. 660 August 26... —...Netherlands.-........ Supplemental to treaty of 1839............ 544 November 16...... Prussia and other states...Additional article. Extradition.......... 6662 1853. February 8........... Great Britain........ - Claims...... -.-..- 326 February 23.......... France o... - -...... ights, &c., of consuls.... —... ---. —- 249 XV. Presbident Pierce's Adcministration: larch 4, 1853, to March 4, 1857. July 10.. -.....Argentine Confederationo. Free navigation of rivers Parana and Uruguay ----------.... _....* e. o o. 15 July 27....... Argentine Co nfederation..Friendship, commerce, and navigation. 16 September 6.......remen.....o - Accession. Extradition.................. 92 September 12.......Bavaria......... Extradition -..............-.-....o.... — 4'2 October 133.... W.. WTiirttemberg............. Accession. Extradition................. -810 November 26...... o Mecklenburg-Schwerin....Accession. Extradition.................. 472 December 2........... Mecklenburg-Strelitz...... Accession. Extradition...-.-.-..-....... 473 December 30..........Oldenburg.......-....-. oAccession. Extradition - 579 Decemnber 30.. Mexico o..................Boundary, isthmus transit, &ec...-.. 503 1854. March 31...-...Japal n.......-......Peace and amity; opening of ports of Simoda and Hakeodade....... 446 June 5..........Great Britain......Reciprocity of trade and fisheries with British possessions in North America-,..... 329 June 7 -. -.....- -.Schnaumburg-Lippe... -..Accession. Estraclitiou -. —. -.. —.... 69g 816 LIST OF TREATIES, CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED. Page. 1854. July 11L......w Chew...............Friendship and commerce....-.... 460 July 17. -.....Great Britain —------—. —.Additional convention. Clainms...-..- - 333 July 22. ——.. —. —— luss — ia - -.. Rights of neutrals at sea -.-.......... 670 August B21.. B....runswick and Luneburg Disposal of property-..-...... 93 1855. January 13...-..-....Two Sicilies —.-....... —.Rights of neutrals at sea..... -...... 777 January 18a.n.......Hanover...- -....Extradition........ -....... 396 January 22 - Ne.. -.....Netherlands. —-...American consuls in Dutch colonies....... 546 October 1-..........Two Sicilies —..-.........Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition.-.................................. 778 1856. May 29-......SiamA.......mity and commerce.. —------- --—.-... 695 July 3. —...........- Austria -..... —------—.- Extradition. — —.......26 July 22..-.......-....Peru.....................R-ig hts of neutrals at sea -.............. 623 December 13..........Persia - -. —-.. —-.. ——. Friiendship and commerce................. 599 1857. January 30........... Baden.....- -......Extradition.............................. 37 XVI. President Buchanan's Administration' J March 4, 1857, to iMarch 4, 1861. April 11....- -. Denmark.-..Sound and Belt dues.....-... 173 June 17 —. ——. - —. Japan -----------------.Opening of Nangasaki; coin, consuls, &.c-. 448 July 4. —-.- _..-..Peru-.....Interpreting 12th article of treaty of 1851-. 625 September 10 N... oew Granada ---—.- -—, - Claims ------------—.. —.- -. —... -564 1858. February 10 -... France. —-- —.. —.....- -Additional article. Extradition...-2__. 253 May 13. —.... Bolivia Friendship, commerce, and navigation... 68 June 18 ---—. ——. —China -—.. —-. —-----—.- Peace, amity, and commerce -.. -......... 129 July 17-..Belgium.-................Commerce and navigation ---------------- 52 July 29 -—. —------—.Japan. —--—.. —-.- —. —Amity and commerce -... —.. — -........ 449 November 8. —. —....China -R.........egulation of trade -----—.. -.. ——. - 137 November 8 -.- - - -. - - China. —-------------- -- Claims -------------------------------—.- 146 November 10..-...Chili...-. Arbitratio n of..Macedonian clairms ------- 114 1859. January 14 —.........VenezuelaA y... ——. —-— Aves Island claims....-.. 796 February 4-P.........Paraguay.-..-...... —- United States and Paraguay Navigation Company. —------------------------..592 February 4. —. —-. Paraguay.-. -. ~Friendship, commerce, and navigation -.. 594 1860. March 21.S.... wS.x...eden and Norway -—...Extradition 74..2........... _.4 July 2.-C.........osta Rica..- Claims-.,...;.163 August 27.. ——. —-— Venezuela --------------— Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition.-.... —- - - 797 XVII. President Lincoln's Administration: March 4, 1861, to April 15, 1865. 1861. July 11-A.....Denmark- Additional articles to convention of 1826_. -. 175 November 6-. -.........lanover. —- -........Abolition of Stade or Brunshausen dues... 398 December 11- -. —---— Mexico -.........Extradition. —-------------------------- 506 1862. February 25 -. —----- Ottoman Empire. -...Commerce and navigation.-5........-.. 585 April 7 ---------—..Great Britain-.. —-........Suppression of slave-trade.. —-. —-....... 334 October 21 -----—. —Liberia....-....Commerce and navigation. —.-.-........ 461 November 25.........Ecuador. —.....Claitms....-..... 196 December 20 --------- Peru. —--—. - --------.- Ships "Lizzie Thompson" and "Georgiannai/ 627 1863. January 12.-....Peru —. —-—.. —-.. —-—.-Claims. —.. —----------—.. —-—. —--- 628 February 17 -... Great Britain..-...Additional article. Suppression of slavetrade ---------—. —----------—. ——.. 345 May 20-.. —.. —----- Belgium.... -. -. Import duties and capitalization of Scheldt dues. ----—. ——.. ——. ——. — -------- 55 July 1................Great Britain —..........Claims of Hudson's Bay and Puget Sound Agricultural Companies..... 346 July 20-.......Belgium.-..........-...Extinguishment of Scheldt dues. -57 1864. January 28 —-----—.- Japan -R —---—.- —. —-- Reduction of duties...-....... 458 February 10-........ Colombia. ——..........- Claims.-................... 158 July 4.-......Honduras -.Fr-.........F- -riendship, commerce, and navigation.. — 426 October 22...-..Japan. —....- -. —.....Indemnity. ——.-.... --............. 459 November 3 - H... ayti -.........Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition.. --- ----- ---- ---- - ---- 412 XVIII. President Johnson's Administration: April 15, 1835, to iiarch 4, 1869. 1865. May 31. ——. —. — -—.Morocco -. —--- —.. —--— Light-house at Cape Spartel............-.. 525 1866. April 25 -Venezuela..-..............Claims................................... 806 1867. February 8.-.. Dominican Republic......- Amity, commerce, navigation, and extradition-................................... 178 February 14..-...Madagascar -......Peace, friendship, and commerce. 464 March 30-.-... ussia -......Cession of Russian possessions in Nort[h America-.................... 671 June 21........... —Nicaragua.-.........Friendship, commerce, and navigation..... 566 December 17-31-......Si am-.......Modification of treaty of May 29, 1856. —-o. 702 LIST OF TREIATIES, CHRONOLOGICALLY ARIRANGED. 817 Page. 1868. January 27........... Russia,,..0..... Additional article. Trade-marks.......... 674 February 8... o Italy O -. Rights, &c., Of consuls o o.... -. -.- 432 February 22... -....North German Union. o:. D_ o Naturalization.o.oo - -.. -..o - 575 March 23... 0.. o.. Italy.................. Extradition............ 436 May 26..,,...O _ _ Bavaria -..... -..... -.Naturali tion.. o......... 44 July 4....... - Mexico -.............Claims........ o...o...... O-O Oaoo.o 509 July 10......... Mexico.-.o... Naturalization.................. p 512 July 19B............nBaden............o.... Naturalization.............. O..O..... 38 July 27...............W iirttemberg.. - o..-. o-Naturalization -........... - 811 July 28.......... O...China................. Additional articles. Amity, commerce, and navigation... - - —. -- 147 August 1. H....-...Hesse, Grand Duchy of.... Naturalization............ 423 November 16. e,..Belgium. -o-... -......Naturalization..................... 61 December 4. o o o - Peru.................... Claims.............................. 630 December 5.... -..... Belgium............... Rights, &c., of consuls................... 62 December 20 0..... Belgium...J... O......Additional article. Trade-marks..... 66 1869. January 21..... -.. Italy...................A dditional article. Consuls...o........ 438 January 21.......... Italy..............Additional article. Extradition..... 438, XIX. President Grant's Administration: March 4, 1869April 16.............France.................Trade-marks..... ——...... OSO.O.... 253 May 26..............Sweden and Norway......Naturalization......-................ 744 May 26..... s.......Sweden and Norway.... Protocol. Naturalization —...O —--------- 745 September 10....... Great Britain.............Award of commissioners under treaty of July 1, 1863. —-...... —........o. —. 347 1870. May 13............... Great Britain.............Naturalization,..,,............. 348 Junne 3................Great Britain...........Additional convention. Slave-trade...... 350 June 25,,...........Nicaragua o......... Exradition...............oo......... 573 July 11...........Austria.................. Rights, &c., of consuls.-.......e.. 28 September 20........Austria.................Naturalization....,.. 33 1871. February 12.........Spain...o....o....o.... Indemnity for wrongs in Cuba............. 720 February 23.......... Great Britain..,,..Renunciation of naturalization......... 354 February 26........I..Italy........_......s....Commerce and navigation.. 439 April 19.,, ---—......Mexico..................oAdditional convention. Claims.......... 513 May 8...............Great Britain..,........ Amicable settlement of all causes of difference ----— O ---— O —.- - - -. - -.- -- -- -- -- 355 June 12.,,...........North German Union......Protocol. Naturalization..a........... 576 November 25....o.. - Austria.........,,,. sTrade-marks...................... 35 December 11....... German Empire........... Consuls and trade-marks... O......... 255 December 22.......Orange Free State...... Friendship, commerce, and extradition.... 580 1872. May 6...............Ecuador................. Naturalization.......................... 197 J-une 28..,.......... Ecuador.................. Extradition.............................. 199 July 20............ Denmark................oNaturalization. -_.... __.....-...... 176 November 27....o..Mexic O. oeOo.o.....Additional convention. Claims —....-o.. 514 1873. January 18...........Great Britain..,.........Sessions of claims commission........ 368 March 10...........Grert Britain.............Protocol. Northwest water-boundary..369 June 7............. Great Britain........Protocol respecting time when articles 18 to 25 and article 30 of treaty of May 8, 1871, shall take effect........................ 372 P S IV —52 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES.,~P. PP age. Alabama Claimsu, Algiers-Continued. Treaty for settlement of-Great Britain, 5. Enemy's property to pass free in ves1871.-. 355 sels of each party.................. 6 Alaska, 6. Citizens or subjects taken on board an Treaty for cession of-Russia, 1867...... 671 enemy's vessel to be liberated- -... 6 Algiers, 7. Passports to vessels of each partyf-. 6 Treaty of peace and amnty Sep- Right of visit restricted...- - -. 6 temSber 59,19fI.............. 1-5 Offenders to be punished for abusin, I. Peace established_ —.. — _i.... — 1 the right of visitO..-......... -.. 6 2. Commercial intercourse regulated.... 1 Vessels of war of United States to suf3. Vessels of each nation to pass unmo- fer Algerine cruisers to pass unmolested.......- - OO.......... 1 lested.-............O.O -... O...O 6 4. Examination of passports of vessels 8. What shall be a sufficient passport. - 7 and ships of war-. —.O...OOO. 2 9. Provisions to be furnished to vessels 5. No Algerine cruiser to take any person in need, at market price. o - -o o. -. o. 7 out of a vessel of the United 10. Protection to property and crew of States -.O- - O D- D- O,-.O C. -O - 2 vessels cast ashore -. -...... oDO. 7 6. Stranded vessels of United States to 11. Protection of vessels in ports........ 7 be relieved - - -.- - -.... - - -. - - -. 2 12. Commerce on footing of most favored 7. Algerines not to sell vessels of war to nations - 0 -. —.. -. oo.o - o..o 7 enemies of United States - ---—.- 2 13. Consuls not responsible for debts of 8. When passport is not necessary. - -.. 2 citizens — 0 0-.. ---—. --------.o 7 9. When other Barbary States not to sell 14. Salutes to vessels of war of United prizes in Algiers- - - 00- 2. States._..O 00D -. -. 7 310. United States vessels may send prizes 15. Pretexts arising from religious opininto ports of the regency-...... 2 ions not to interrupt harmony..-,. 8 11. Treatment of ships of war of the Consuls may travel within territories United States. — -.-....D.. OOD... 3 of each party.. - - - - -.. - - -.. 8 12. How slaves shall be redeemed D....... 3 16. How disputes may be settled........ 8 Captured persons shall be lawful 17. Prisoners of war not to be made prize. -.-. —-------- -...-..... 3 slaves- -...P-.. —-— oo-o —-.- - O.so 8 13. Settlement of estates of citizens of To be exchanged within twelve United States. O. - - O-. - O — -- - 3 months - -. -.. - -. 8 14. No citizen of United States compelled 18. Captured American vessels not to be to purchase goods or pay debts of sold in Algiers - -. ------ ------ 8 another. - -...-o --..-... 3 19. Consuls of United States to decide dis15. How disputes shall be settled. -...-.- 3 putes between American citizens.. 8 16. Punishment for assault.....C.O 3 20. Assault, &c., how punished. - - -.... 9 17. Privileges of consul of the United 21. Consul of United States not to pay dnStates - --. -... —-- -—.. 4 ties.. - ---- 9 18. In case of war, citizens of United 22. Estates of citizens of the United States States may embark unmolested -.. 4 dying in Algiers —- - - --... —----- 9 19. Citizens of either nation, captured by Treaty of peece and a hY9 tye the other, to be set at liberty.'.. - -. 4 4esb esr 2- 8 9 ] ~ - -...... 9-14 20. Vessels of war to be saluted.......... 4 1. Peace and friendship-.to. -. 10 21. Consul not to pay dutyD -.... 4 Favors in navigation and commerce-. 10 22. War not to be declared immediately 2. Tribute abolished -- --- - - - - - - - 10 in case of breach of treaty........ 4 3. Restitution of prisoners, &c... o o 10 Sum to be paid to the Dey --—.. ——. 4 4. Delivery of cotton, &c. -... o-. l - 10 Certificate of David Humphries -. —-- 5 5. Enemy's property in Vessels of either Ratifications.. —.-. 9.- - 5 I party - = - - - -.- - - - - - -.. - 10 treaty of pea e asd tyq u e 1 6. Treatment of citizens taken on board 30-~J]lXty 69 ~1.............- 5-9 an enemy's vessel.... -.... 10 1. Peacee and friendship -.... 5 7. Passports to vessels -..0-. 10 Favors in navigation and commerce to Right of visit limited....-......-.. 10 be commron-..... D -.. -... 5 Abuse of right of visit. -....oo..... 11 2. Tribute abolished -....... - 5 Treatment of Algerine cruisers...o.. 11 3. Prisoners to be delivered up....... 5 8. Passport, what sufficient........ 11 4. Indemnification to American citizens 6 9. Supplies, c., to vessels in distres.O 11 820 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. rPage. A Igiers-Continued. Arqentine Confederation. 10. Property and crew of wrecked ves- 11 Treaty of friendship, commaerce, sels......o-.. o o oo m. 11 and navigation, July 27, 11. Protection of vessels of either party 1al3- -SS.. 16-20 in ports of the other.............. 11 1. Perpetual amity. - -. o.- - - - - -. 17 12. Protection to merchants, seamen, &c. 11 2. Reciprocal freedom of commerce-... 17 Immunities, &c., to consuls....,.... 11' Privileges of citizens............. 17 13. Consul not responsible for debts of Ships of war, post-office and passenger citizens.- -....' 12 packets-. O 17 14. Salutes to vessels of war...... -. 12 3. Favors to become common........... 17 Christian captives seeking refuge.... 12 4. No discriminating duties on products. 17 15. Religious opinions not to be a pretext 5. No discriminating duties, &c., on vesfor war..... -......... 12 sels. - -........ - o - ---- 18 Consuls may travel within territories 6. Drawbacks and bounties. O..... 18 of each party -..12 7. Nationality ofvessels, how established. 18 16. Disputes arising from violation of 8. Privileges of citizens as to trading and treaty 1 —2 OO- - 1 doing business -. 18 17. Prisoners of war..-_ —. --—.. -. 12 9. Acquirement and disposal of property, 18. Treatment of prizes in case of war &c-........- -..... O.o 18 between -United States and third Estates of deceased reside nts..o o... 19 power.......-....... -—... —- 13 10. Provision against military service, 19. Settlement of disputes between citi- forced loans, taxes, &c.....O 19 zens, &c -....13 11. Appointment, &c., of consuls......... 19 20. Murder or assault, punishment for.... 13 Privileges, &c., of diplomatic agents 21. Free entry for consul of United States. 13 and consuls............O.. o 19 22. Disposal of effects of citizens of 12. Treatment of citizens of either party United States dying iu Algiers... 13 in time of war.................... 19.Article additional and explanatory..... 13,14 13. Persons and property, protection of 20 Alienage, (see Real Estate.) Religious privileges. -........-. 20 Not to affect titles to certain lands-Great Right of burial.............,... 20 Britain, 1794.................... 27 4 14. Ratifications...... o...... 20 Alliance, Arson. (See Extradition.) Treaty of, with France............... 201 Neither party shall make peace with Great Britain without the other's con- Assault. (See Extradition.) sent...-......... 202 Asylun, (see Reciprocal Commercial AgreeOther powers to be invited to acede to ments; Wrecks,) the alliance.. -.................... 202 Vessels seeking asylum through stress of Right reserved to Spain to participate.. 213 weather, &c., to be treated with Amazon River,'humanity, and allowed to repair and Free navigation of-Bolivia, 1868........ 75 departAnchorage Dues. (See Reciprocal Commercial Bolivia, 1858.......... O........ 71 Agreements.) Brazil, 1828.... s................. o 83 Arbitration, (see Claims,) Central America, 1825................ 97 Of differences with Great Britain regard- Chili, 1832............................ 105 ing indemnity for slaves..... 303 Colombia, 1824...-... 0.... 151 Award under treaty of Ghent........ 307, 308 Ecuador, 1839................. 189 For settlement of northeastern boundary. 312 France, 1778,.. 209 Of the Alabama claims................. 356 Great Britain, 1794, (as to American yesOf other claims growing out of the rebel- sels)............................... 280 lion.......... —-—. —---- -. —...- -. 360 Guatemala, 1849 ---.................0 380 Respecting fisheries under treaty of Hayti, 1864............ 415 Washington of May 8, 1871....-.... 362 Mexico, 1831................. 478 Of the northwest water boundary -....... 866 Morocco, 1787, 1836, (as to United States Of claims against Spain for wrongs corn- vessels) O._.....................517, 522 mitted in the island of Cuba...... —. 72, 721 Netherlands, 1782............. O...... 537 By Doy of Algiers of disputes with. New Granada, 1846............. 552 Tripoli. -...-.......... 756 Nicaragua, 1867................. 570 Provision for, in case of differences with Peru, 1851............. 616 Mexico... - - 500 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 603 lrgentine Confederation, Portugal, 1840...................... 636 Treaty for free navigatiou of Prussia, 1785, 1799,1828..o...s. 645, 653, 659 rivers Paran-a anud Urn- San Salvador, 1850.................. 677 guay, July 109,1 3. o...3.. 15, 16 Sardinia, 1838... 686 1. Free navigationl of the Parand and Spain, 1795. -............... 706 Uruguay........................ 15 Sweden, 1783......................... 728 2. Loading and unloading vessels.....o 15 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827.......735, 741 3. Beacons and marks -...-........ 15 Venezuela, 1836.. o o... - - 789 4. Collection of duties and dues to be To be exempt from payment of dutiesuniform.................. 15 Morocco, 1787, 1816, (as to American ves5. Government and possession of the sels)...-.... 517,522 island of Martin Garcia...- -- -,- 16 Unless cargo entered for consumption6. Navigation of rivers in time of war.. 16 H[awaiian Islands, 1849......-.~ 410 7. Other South American governments $Sardinia, 1838 -. o Uoo..o i686 may accede to treaty.. o O..16 Two Sicilies, 1845.,o......Q... -.. 775 8. United States to have privileges of To be subject to no charges excopt pilotmost favored n'ation........'.. 16 age9. Ratifications............... 16 New Granada, 1846. - oo 552 INDEX TO PUBLIC ThEATIES. 821 Page. Page. Asylum-Continned. Austria —Continued. Unloading and reloading, not to be con- Evidence of eriminality required - - 27 sidered an act of commerce- Expenses of arrest and delivery, by Sardinia, 1838. -.-Oo-.... oo... O —-. 686 whom paid.......' - - ---- - 27 Two Sicilies, 1855......... 783 Provisions not to apply retrospecVessels seeking asylum to b treated as tively................... 27 national vessels — Nor to political offenseso...-...-... 27 Sardinia, 1838..................-. 686 2. Neither party to surrender its own Two Sicilies, 1855...................... 783 citizens -..... O... O...... 27 No asylum to be- given in ports of the 3. Criminals may be retained to dfnswer United States to prizes captured from for local offenses..... Q -. o. 27 Great Britain —Prussia, 1799...... 653 4. Duration of convention -.o - o -. 28 Shelter not to be given in ports of one 5. Ratifications.- -.-. -. - - -.. -- 26 party to prizes captured from the Consullar convention, July 11l other- 1S0.... oo'.. D o 28-33 France, 1778..........................- 208 1. Appointdient of consular officers- -. 28 Great Britain, 1794.... -..... 280 Commissions and exequaturs........ 29 Consulates not to be used as places of 2. Rights of consuls vbhen citizens of the asylumn- state appointing them...-...-... 29 France, 1788. —---.................Oo. 220 When not citizens of the state apGerman Empire, 1871............... 256 pointing them................... 29 Italy, 1868....-.................... 433 3. Testimony of consular officers, how Aubaine, Droit De, (see Personal Property; may be taken. —......... ---- 29 dReatl 8~tate,) 4. Flags: inscriptions, &c-.............. 29 Abolished by treaties with- 5. Consular archives inviolable........ 29 Bavaria, 1845............... 41 6. Acting consular officers. - O —---.30 3France, 1778.. -.- D...-... 0... 206 7. Vice-consuls and consular agents.... 30 fHesse Cassel, 1844..-........ O. -.. _O 422 8. Application to local or national anNassau, 1846... 531 thorities. -O... —. —------ --— O —- 30 Saxony, 1845........................ 690 9. Power to receive and verify papers. 30 Wi'trttemberg, 1844. - -..-.-. - - - 809 10. To take depositions, &c.. -..-.. -- 31 Aus88~~~tr~~iaf7 ~11. Settlement of disputes between niasTreaty of commerce ansd navi ters and crews 31 gation August 27, 1829 -.O - O 21-24 12. Reclamation of deserters -........ 31 1. Reciprocal liberty of commerce and 13. Settlement of damages suffered by navigaionOoooO-ooao 21 vessels at ea... - -.............. - 32 - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - 14. Salvage of wrecked vessels. —------ 32 2. Equality of tonnage duties, port charges, &c....., O -- - OO -. -.. —. 21 s15. Prerogatives of consular officers..... 32 3. No discrimiEination inL duties on im.- 16. Residents dying intestate....... 33 22 17. Duration of convention O........... 33 4. Applicability of stipulations -... - -.o 22 Ratiiations reatv o aO i —- 33 5. Equality of duties on products. 22 Conention relative to natraiEquality of prohibitions o............ 22tion ep 335 No distrimi hation in duties on ex- 2 e1. Who to be deemed naturalized citiNo discrimination in duties on exports- 0-. o -..o —...... 2.2 zetns- - O 33 6. Bountie s anld drawbackls.00 -ppp - --,2 Declaration of intention, effect of... 33 7. Coasting-trade..s....a- -... 233. Liability for offenses conmitted before naturalization..... 34 8. Vessels of the parties to be equally ilaturliztion... o G - 34 favored in making purchases.. 23 Liability for non-fulfilment of mili9. Favors granted to other nations to be- tary duty -—..a o —.. -o —----- - 34 come common-.................. 23 When not liable for non-fulfilment of military duty —.... —-—......... 34 10. Consular officers, appointment and military duonty - - l nchangd 34 powers of. - - - -- 23 53. Extradition convention unchanged - 34 powers of —----------------- -423. Renunciation of naturalization - - - -.. 34 11. Disposal and inheritance of personal Recovery of original citizenship. 34 property -.. - 3 5 uaion of conventin- 3 Property of absent heirs 23. Duratificaon convent......-...... 35 Property of residents dying intestate. 23 6. Ratificatio 12. Duration of treaty-O.. 24 Convention relative to trade13. Ratifications oo................. _ - 24 marks, Nov. 25, 1871.. —O 35,36 1. Counterfeiting trade-marks prohibContvention relative to property, ited.... 35 consuls, &c:, Mlay 8, 1848- 24-26 Duration of exclusive rights - 35 1. Disposal and inheritance of personal When trade-marks become public property - -- —............ —---- 25 property.. —..... —....... —.-.-. 35 2. Real property, time allowed heirs for 2. Deposit of duplicate copies..........- 36 disposal of --- -- --—.- -. 25 3. Duration of convention............. — 3. Property of absent heirs to be taken 4. Ratifications -....................... — 36 care of........... —. O.........- 25 Average. (See Reciprocal Commercial Agree-) 4. Appointment of consular officers... 25 ments.) Settlement of disputes between mas- Award. (Seae Arbitration.) ters and crews..oo. - -- ooo o. 25 Reclamation of deserters-....o..... 25 B 5. Duration of convention. - O....-. O 26 Baden, 6. Ratifications - - -.. -. w - 26 Ex radition con uvetlo, uly 30, Extradition convenion, sly 26 87 -... -. OOOO-~ —O. 37,38 865............. 26-28 1. For what crimes persons may be del. Extradition of criminals -.... 27 livered up..-............. 37 822 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Baden-Continued. Bavaria-Continued. Evidence of criminality required.... 37 3. Convention of 1853, for extradition of Expense of arrest and delivery, b-r criminals, to remain in force.. —-- 45 whom borne.. —...-.... —.. - 38 4. Renunciation of naturalization. -... 45 Political offenses not included....... 38 Intent not to return, when held to 2. Neither party to surrender its own exist........................... 45 citizens........ D..........O....... O 38 5. Duration of convention.......... 45 3. Criminals may be retained to answer 6. Ratifications.................. 45 for local offenses-..-...-.......D 38 Protocol — 4. Duration of convention......- O ---- 38 1. What is required to constitute a natRatifications..' n. o............. 38 uralized citizen............... 46 souPvenlion reHlfive.o - atoa~i Meaning of words "r esided uninterzafia'9 Ja~Uy 199,.8.. 1 38-40 uptedly "7............. 46 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi- 2. No punishment for emigration.... 46 zens...................... 39 3. Rights of resident aliens....... 46 Declara;tion of intention, effect of.. 39 Permanent residence, meaning of term 46 2. Liability for offenses committed before Recovery of former citizenship..... 46, 47 naturalization. -..- -------- 39 Choice to resume former nationality.. 47 Liability for non-fulfilment of military Belgium, dnty............... 39 Trea y of omee ad avi When not reliable for non-fulfilment gatong ovemiebe'r l@ of military duty.................. 39 A14. -- -- -...O. -...-...... 48-52 3. Extradition convention unchanged — 39 1. Freedom of commerce..-....... 48 4. Renunciation of naturalization...... 40 Same duties to be paid by citizens of Recovery of original citizenship..... 40 either country.................... 48 5. Duration of convention..... -....... 40 2. Duties on Belgian vessels in ports of 6. Ratifications D -.O. 40 the United States................ 48 Barbary Poweers, 3. Duties on vessels of the United States in ports of Belgium -..-...... —... 49 The United States to be aided in forming in portS of Belgium -..... 49 treaties with- 4. Restitution of Scheidt duties......... 49 France, 1778.........o.. -..... 205 5. Certain steam-vessels exempt from Netherlands, 1782........... 6 539 duties -. 49.Bas of Operations,6. Coasting trade............. 49 ~Base of Operations, 7. Duties on direct imports to be equal. 49 Neutral ports not to be used for, by bellig- 8. On indirect imports to be equal. -... 49 erents- 9. Exportation by vessels of either party. 50 Great Britain, 1871.............. 358 10. Premiums, drawbacks, &c...-..... 50 Bavaria, 11., Salt and fisheries. —-—.-.. —------- 50 onVreenOaa t or' a lb o o- f 12. Nationality of vessels................ 50 rholSt d9aStaE1e Cnd tgaxe 13. Parts of cargoes remaining on board- 50 on enragra toa Janalary 14. Warehouse charges, &c............. 50 D2rt 9........ —- -------- -..... 41, 42 15. Favors granted to other nations to be1. Droit d'aubaine and taxes on emigra- come common. — _-o. _.... 50 tion abolished 0..o.............. 41 Duties on products of either country. 51 2. Time allowed heirs to real property to 16. Assistance in case of shipwreck....o. 51 sell, &c, -- -.........o - o - - -., 41 17. Consuls and vice-consuls............ 51 3. Citizens of either party may dispose Reclamation of deserters....... 51 of their personal property by will 18. Exemption from transit duties on or otherwise...................... 41 Belgian railroads................ 51 4. Pioperty of absent heirs to be taken 19. Duration of treaty..o,.... 51 care of.-..... -.............. 42'20. Ratifications o.. — ------------ 52 5. Disputes concerning inheritances to Treaty of. conAlerce and navibe settled according to locallaw-. 42 gation, y 19 1~, ~...... 52-55 6. Bavarian laws against emigration not 1. Freedom of commlerce and navigation. 52 derogated from.0. -. u. 42 Equality of duties.... -.- - -. 52 7. Ratifications........ s....... 42 2. Duties on Belgian vessels in ports of Ext radto neontvetiong seplem- the United States........ -..... - 52 llren 1,9 l83~..,, 0.00. 42-44 3. Duties on vessels of the United States 1. Crimes for which persons may be de- in ports of Belgium.- ------------- 53 delivered up............. 43 4. Exemption of steam-vessels......... 53 Evidence of criminality required.... 43 5. Coasting trade.......o........... 53 Expenses of arrest and delivery, how 6. Duties on imports in vessels of either borne... —...................- -- 43 nation. —. —-. ——.................. 53 2. Other German States may accede to 7. Duties on exports in vessels of either treaty.O......................... 43 nation ~. — -. ---—... —. --- 53 3. Neither party to surrender its own citi- 8. Premiums, drawbacks, &c........... 53 zens. —----. -.-. 43 9. Salt and fisheries.................. 53 4. When extradition may be delayed..o 44 10. Nationality of vessels-....OD -. —. -- 54 5. Duration of convention -..... 44 11. Parts of cargoes remaining on board.. 54 6. Ratifications.......0.......... 44 12. Warehouse charges, &c —..... 54'reaty Qreltlre to mCtiun'hIalz 13. Favors to other nations to become to mm y MM, ISI..... 44-47. common....A..-...... 54 1. When natives of either State to be 14. Assistance in case of shipwreck.. -... 54 held as citizens of the other....... 44, 45 1 15. Consuls and vice-oonsuls o.......... 54 Effect of declaration of intention.... 45 Reclarnmation of deserters........ 54 2. Liability for offences committed be- 16. Exemption from transit duties on fore emigration... 45 1 Belgian railroads.... 55 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 823 Page. Page. Belgium-Continued. Belgium-Continued. 17. Duration of treaty,.... D,........... 55 Copies, where to be deposited......... 67 18. Ratifications o —---- o 55 When trade-mark becomes public propCoLBve;:ios c relative $o ilmo t. erty.. o - o o. 67 duties anda caplialtlzation Duration of article................. 67 o)f Seaeidt dutes, 3lay 2@0 Ratifications..................... 67 863... -. -—.... - -........ 55-57 Belts Dues, 1. Tonnage duties in Belgian ports to Treaty for extinguishment ofcease....................... 56 Denmark. 1857............... 173 Fees for pilotage reducce.d.....o..o. 56 Bermudas, Port dues at Antwerp reduced....... 56 If conquered to become part of United 2. Flag of United States assimilated to StatesBelgian flag for transportation of France, 1778.......................... 202 salt............................ 56 Blockade, 3. Regulation of import duties......... 56 To be effective must be by a force capable 4. Capitalization of Scheldt dues....... 56 of preventing the entry of the 5. Articles I and IV to be perpetual.... 57 neutralDuration of convention............. 57 Bolivia, 1858.... o o..... 73 Ratifications.. 57 Brazil, 1828.. oo 0............. 85 Declaration relative to a consular con- Central America, 1825................. 99 vention......................... 57 Chili, 18332.......................... 108 T reaty for extiangushnent of Colombia, 1824...................... 153 Slelfldt hdtues, J[uy ~209 1 63 57-61 Ecuador, 1839...... o......... 191 1. Extinguishment of Scheldt dues..... 58 Guatemala, 1849..................... 382 Declaration of King of the Nether- Italy, 1871....n...-...... o......... d442 lands......................... 58 Mexico, 1831.00...................... 4812. Declaration of King of Belgium..... 58 New Granada, 1846.................... 554 3. Tonnage duties, pilotage, and local Peru, 1851........................ 618 ~taxes................... 58 Peru Bolivia, 1836................... 606 4. Proportionate payment by United San Salvador, 18508 5 0.0........ 679 States... — o —----—.. —.. 58 Two Sicilies, 1855.o -------------- 779 5. Execution of stipulations.... 58 Venezaela, 1836, 1860................. 791, 801 6. Application of Article III.......o..... 59 Vessels aimving at a blockaded port in 7. Ratifications... -................ 59 ignorance of the blockade are to be'Treaty between Belgium and the Nether- turned away, and are not to be lands annexed................o 59, 60 seized unless they again attempt to Protocol annexed...................... 60, 61 enterExtinguishment of Scheldt dues per- Bolivia, 1858.................. *73 petual. 60 Brazil, 1828....... -......... 85 Conlveutio relative to naturali- Central America, 1825...... o...... 99 zatin, Loveaber, 1 88~... 61, 62 Chili, 1832... o.._............ 108 1. When natives of one country are to be Colombia, 1824. o....o..... 154 considered citizens of the other.... 61 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 181 2. Liability for offenses committed before Ecuador, 1839....................... 191 naturalization......- -------— o-. 62 France, 1800...................... 228 3. Not liable for military service, when.. 62 Great Britain, 1794................... 278 4. Recovery of original citizenship.... 62 Guatemala, 1849........ 382 5. Duration of convention o.. —.-..... 62 Hayti, 1.864............... 416 6. Ratifications0 0...._ o.......... 62 Italy, 1871...... - o.......... 442 Consular' cBvention, December Mexico, 1831.......................... 481 5i 1I~6~................... 62-66 New Granada, 1846.................. 555 1. Appointm ent of consular officer...... 63 Peru, 1851.....-................... 619 2. Exzequaturs........................... 63 Peru-Bolivia, 1836............... _. 606 3. Exemptions........................ 63 San Salvador, 1850.................... 680 4. Testimony, how taken.....__..... 63 Venezuela, 1836, 1860.-.-.... 792, 801 5. Flags, inscriptions, &c........ 63 Vessels arriving at a blockaded port and 6. Inviolability of archives........... 64 attempting to enter not to be captured 7. Acting consuls.... —-.............. 64 unless they might have learned of the 8. Vice-consuls and consular agents,.. 64 continuance of the blockade, or after 9. Complaints to local or national an- warningthorities.... 64 Greece, 1837....o.............. 377 10 Power to take depositions, & c........ 64 Prussia, 1828......................... 659 11. Settlement of dispute between mas- Sardinia, 1838........................ 687 ters and crews......... 65 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827.......735, 741 12. Reclamation of deserters............. 65 Two Sicilies, 1855................. -.. 779 13. Settlement of damages suffered at sea. 65 Vessels in port before the establishment 14. Salvage of wrecked vessels.......... 65 of the blockade are to be permitted 15. Residents dying intestate............ 66 to depart with their cargoes16. Duration of convention.... -....... 66 Bolivia, 1858.........o......,o,. 73 Ratifications........................ 66 Brazil, 1828........................ 85 Protocol, June 1, 1869........ - -.. —..... 66 Central America, 1825................. 100 Tinme for exhange of ratifications ex- Chili, 1832..........,......,.......oo 108 tended.............. o..... oo 66 Colombia, 1824.......ooo.oo. ooo... 154 Additional arteicle relaria te |o Dominican Republic, 1867............ 181 law 1 X-rarS, ~ eco q9 Ecuador, 1839.o..,............ 191:.'s S...66, G67 France, 1800............. 228 Counterfeiting trade-mlarks Iprohibitedl 67 Great Britain, 1794.................. - 78 824 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES,. Blockade —Continued. oPage. liia-Coniageed. Guatemala, 1849...................... 382 Other citizens may remain..-........ 76 Hayti, 1864..................... 416 29. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 76 Italy, 1871................. - 442 30. Envoys, ministers, &c................ 76 Mexico, 1831 ------—..-.-. — -.. —o —- 481 31. Consuls and vice-consuls. --- —....- 76 New Granada, 1846 -................. 555 32. Commissions and exequaturs....... 76 Peru, 1851......................, 619 33. Exemptions of consular officers —.... 76 Peru-Bolivia, 1836......-...,.... 606 34. Reclamation of deserters.,,........ 77 San Salvador, 1850.........D.. 0..... 680 35. Consular convention to be formed. O. 77 Venezuela, 1836, 1860........ -....792, 801 36. Duration of treaty................ 77 Cargo taken on board before the estab- Infringement of treaty,....,..... 77 lishment of the blockade must be Reprisals and declarations of war... 77 first discharged- Treaties with other nations not afBrazil, 1828........................... 85 fected.....................77 Italy, 1871.................. - - - - 442 Ratifications....................... 78 Peru, 1851...................... 619 Bombay, Peru-Bolivia, 1836............... 606 Regulation of trade with-Great BritBofivia, ain, 1815....................... 294 Treaty of peace, fariendship, Borneo, commerce, and naviga= Treaty of peace, friendshiip, and tion, may 139 1S58 I...... 68 —78 good understanding, July 1. Peace and Friendship............. 68 23, 150O................. 79, 80 2. Favors granted to other nations to 1. Peace and friendship............... 79 become common........ _ 68 2. Reciprocal liberty of trade..... o... 79 Explanation of Article II.. —.. —.... 68 3. Security of persons and property... 79 3. Liberty of commerce and navigation. 69 4. No prohibition of imports or exports Privileges of citizens of either in Borneo...... o...... 79 country in the other....... 69 5. Duties on American vessels...e.... 80 Rights of residence and business.. 09 6. No duty on exports from Borneo -.. 80 No discrimination in taxes. —..,. 69 7. Privileges of ships of war of the Security of books and papers..... 69 United States..-.- - o...-..- 80 Coasting trade................ 69 8. Assistance to wrecked American yesRight to travel........ 69 sels.............................. 80 Exemption from forced loans, &c.... 69 9. Trial of cases where citizens of United 4. Importations and exportations in yes- States are concerned.............. 80 sels of either party.. Q.... 69, 70 Ratifications........................ 80 5. Nationality of vessels............... 70 Bosphorus, 6. Duties on products of either country. 70 No charges upon American goods or yes7. Management of business, &c.o. o. 70 sels passing through the8. Privileges of steam-vessels between Ottoman Empire, 1830............. 588 ports of Bolivia................. 70 Bouadaries oj the United States. (See France; 9. Asylum to vessels seeking reftge..... 71 Great Britain; Mexico; Bussia, Spain,) 10. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 71 Treaty for the cession of Louisiana — 11. Captures by pirates................. 71 France, 1803.....232 12. Disposal and inheritance of personal Provisional articles with Great Britain, property........................ 71 1783 -.... 261 13. Citizens of each nation to be pro- Definitive treaty with Great Britain, tected -.................. 72 1783................ 266 Access to courts of justice........... 72 Treaty with Great Britain as to rivers Liability for engaging in internal Mississippi and Saint Croix, 1794.. 271 political questions.. —-.......... 72 Treaty with Great Britain, 1814........ 287 14. Liberty of conscience....... 72 Declaration of commissioners under fourth Rights of burial.................. 72 article treaty of Ghent............ 29 15. Neutral trade in time of war..o.... 72 Decision of the commissioners...o.... 297 16. Principles recognized...- 72 Decision of commissioners under sixth Free ships make free goods -. 72 article treaty of Ghent-........-0. 300 Neutral property on enemy's vessels.. 72 Conventions with Great Britain, 1818, Persons on neutral ships.-. 73 \ 1827......... 297, 310 17. Contraband of war..... _...-..,.. 73 Reference of northeastern boundary to 18. Property not contraband to be free.. 73 arbitration-Great Britain, 1827..... 312 Definition of blockade.............. 73 Treaty with Great Britain, 1842...... 315 19. Confiscation of contraband articles.. 73 Treaty with Great Britain, 1846......-.. 320 20. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 73 Protocol ceding Horse-Shoe Reef-Great.1. Regulation of visits at sea.. 74 Britain, 1850...325 22. Sea-letters or passports, and certifi- Reference of northwest water boundary cates -........... 74 to arbitration-Great Britain, 1871. 366 23. Vessels under convoy............... 74 Protocol relative to northwest water24. Prize causes, courts, and decrees..... 74 boundary, Great Britain, 1873.. - - 369 25. Letters of marque....... OO. 75 Definition of the boundary line........ 371 26. Free navigation of the Amazon and Treaties with Mexico, 1828, 1835, 1848, La Plata......................... 75 1853 oo........ -.........474, 486, 492, 503 27. Construction of vessels for shoal river Treaty for the cession of the Russian posnavigation,,........,.-...,. 75 sessions in North America-Russia, 28. Agreelment in case of war between the 1867..... - - Q.. oo..,..... 671 parties....... 75, 76 Treaty with Spain, 1795.............. 704 Tilme allowed mlerchants to remove.. 75 Treaty for the cession of the FloridasSafe-conduct to be furnished....7.6. 76 Spalin, 1819............. 721 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 825 Page. r Page. Bounties and Drawbacks. (See Reciprocal Corn- Brokerage, (see Reciprocal Commercial Agreemercial Agreement8.) menrts,) Bravo River, Limit to clharges for-France, 1822 -.... 244 Free navigation of-Mexico, 1848....... 495 Brunshausen Dues, Brazil, Treaty for abolition of-Hanover, 1861.. 398 Treaty of peace9, r emdsb li9, Brunswick and Luneburg, c@mianerce9 and vsga Coriveni ioi respecting the distion, Decemerber 12, 182 0.- 81-89 ponal of popewrty, August 1. Peace and friendship- O......0 ——. 81 219 I 4...................... 1 93,94 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- 1. Disposal and inheritance of personal comlle common ------.......... 81 property.........................- 93 Exception as to Portugal............ 81 Payment of same duties as natives.. 93 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 82 Property of absent heirs to be cared Coasting trade excepted...... -.. -.. 82 foBr - - -. 7_0.00 -OOO...... 93 4. Nationality of Brazilian vessels...... 82 2. Real property, time allowed heirs for 5. Duties on products of either country. 82 disposal of........................ o o 93 6. Management of business, &c......... 82 Payment of same charges as natives. 94 7. No embargo without indemnification. 83 3. Duration of convention.... O. D 94 8. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge..... 83 Ratifications.... —-------—..- -. 94 9. Property taken by pirates to be restored 83 Buoys. (See Reciprocal Commercial Agreenlents.) 10. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 83 Burglary. (See Extradition.).1. Disposal and inheritance of personal Burial, (See Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens,) property......................... 83 Burial ground for citizens of United Real property, time allowed heirs for States at Tumnlai-Lew Chew, 1854 460 disposal of............ 83 Graves and tombs not to be molested 460 12. Protection to persons and property.. 84 13. Security of conscience............... 84 Rights of burial..................... 84 14. Neutral trade in time of war.....-. 84 Calcutta, Free ships make free goods.......... 84 Regulation of trade with-Great Britain, Neutrality extended to persons..... 4 1815..... 294 15. Neutral property on enemy's vessel. 85 California, 16. Contraband of war............... 85 Treaty for acquisition of-Mexico, 1848. 494 17. Goods not contraband to be free..... 85 California, Gulfqf, 18. Confiscation of contrabland articles... 85 Free navigation of-Mexico, 1848.... 495 19. Blockaded ports, regulation at....... 85 Canada. (See Great Britain; Reciprocal Com20. Regulation of visits at sea........... 86 merciai Agreenments.) 21. Passports and certificates............ 86 22. Vessels under convoy................ 87 Canadian Canals, 23. Prize courts and decrees............. 87 Use of, provisions relating to-Great 24. Letters of marque............... 87 riain, 1854, 331, 364 25. Agreement in case of war between Captures, (see War; Contraband of War',) the parties..0............ 87 By pirates, of vessels, &c., of citizens of Time allowed merchants to remove.. 87 one party, to be restored when Safe-conduct to be furnished......... 87 found within the jurisdiction of the Other persons may remain......... 87 other26. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated..... 87 Bolivia, 1858......................... 71 27. Envoys, ministers, &c............... 87 Brazil, 1828......... 83 28. Consuls and vice-consuls............ 88 Central America, 1825..-............. 97 29. Commissions and exequaturs........ 88 Chili, 1832................. 105 30. Exemptions of consular officers...... 88 Colombia,-1824................ 151 Inviolability of archives........... 88 Ecuador, 1839.................... 189 31. Reclamation of deserters............ 88 France, 1778, 1800................ 207,230 32. A consular convention to be formed.. 89 Great Britain, 1794...................`279 33. Duration of treaty.................. 89 Guatemala, 1849...................... 380 Infringement of treaty.............. 89 Italy, 1871......................... 444 Reprisals and declarations of war.... 89 Mexico, 1831......................... 479 Treaties with other nations not af- Muscat, 1833............... 529 fected............................ 89 Netherlands, 1782.................... 537 Ratifications........................ 89 New Granada, 18446..6oo..s.o. o 552 Convention relative to claims Peru, 1851.... 617 January 27, 1 49 -....... 90,91 Plru-Bolivia, 1836 --...... —. ——.-O 603 1. Sum to be placed at the disposal of Prussia, 1785, 1799,1828.......... 645, 653,659 the President of the United States- 90 San Salvador, 1850................... 677 Distribution of sum by the United Spain, 1795o.......................... 706 States........................... 90 VTenezuela, 1836........ 789 2. Brazil exonerated from responsibility. 90 Neutral vessels of one party recaptured 3. Documents to be furnished by Brazil. 91 from an enemy of the other, to be 4. Payment of the sum agreed upon.... 91 restored to owners5. Payment of interest............... 91 Netherlands, 1782.................... 541,542 6. Ratifications -—.....- --- -....-.... 91 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828.-.-.....645,653, 659 Bremn en, Sweden, 1783............. A.. _ _O.... 7 26 ~eclrt~lion of.ccesison, 8epn Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827o........735, 741 tembe* r l g8 i3. o...-..... 92 Centtral america, Accession to the extradition conven- Stipulations respecting the construction tion of June 16, 1852, with Prussia of a ship-canal through any part and other states..,..... 92 of —Great Britain, 1850....... 322 826 I1NDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Ceutral America-Continued. Page. iliContinued. Pg. ~Gene~qai C~on'raCeita32in of ee -moe.9 7. Ships, &c., captured by pirates to be a ty9 eos in@ lenee 9 au na restored.. O........._D.__O.. 105 nSavfi,~'atgfio~0 I:Doi,:ns:ihna'5, 8. Assistance in case of shipvwreck..... 106 ~/ft P o,.5 r...95-103 1. Disposal and inheritance of personal 1. Peace and friendship.. -........ p 95 property... --. 106 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- Real estate, time allowed heirs for discome common. -..-.,...... 95 posal of,.._,,,.,,,,... -.. 106 3. Freedom of com-lmerce and navigation. 95 10. Protection to persons and property of 4. Regulation of imports and exports.- 96 residents -o.......o....o oo 106 Tonnage dues. -.. -, ------.. -. - 96 11. Security of conscience......: 106 Drawbacks and bounties........ 96 Rights of burial...o.....o..-.- 106 5. Equality of duties on produce of either 12. Neutral trade in time of war......... 107 country ---—..-... ---.. 96 Free ships make free goods... -. 107 6. Merchants, &c., -may manage their Neutrality extended to persons... 107 own business. --- - - - -..... 96 13. Neutral property on enemy's vessel. 107 7. No embargo without indemnity. —-- 97 14. What articles deemed contraband... 107 8. Asylum to vessels in distress.-..... 97 15. All other merchandise free. - - -.... 108 9. Ships, &c., captured by pirates to be 16. Confiscation of contraband articles. 108 restored...-...-.......,. 97 17. Blockaded ports, regulations at.. 108 10. Assistance in case of shipw-reck...... 97 18. Regulation of visits at sea. -....-.. 108 11. Disposal and inheritance of personal 19. Sea-lettersors or passports l.og...... 109 property....-............ 97 Certificates of cargoo. g - -.... 1.09:Real estate, time allowed heirs for 20. Vessels under convoy -............ 109 disposal of....... I......- -—,. 97 21. Prize causes, adjudication of........ 109 1. Protectioni to persons and property of 22. Letters of marque -,..O.o - o 109 residents -........ -.. 97, 98 23. Aoreement in case of war between the 13. Secunity of conscience n. -...o.98 parties. -.....- -n.es 110 Rights of burial on.oo.. — ------ -_. -- 98 Time allowed merchants to remove 0- 110 14. Neutral trade in time of war.. - - - - 98 Safe-conduct to be furnished them. 110 Free ships make free goods.......... 98 Other citizens may remain -.- -—.. 110 Neutrality extended to persons...... 98 24. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 110 15. Neutral property on enemy's vessel. 98 25. Envoys, ministers, &c............... 110 16. What articles deemed contraband. — 99 26. Consuls and vice-consuls........-. 110 17. All other merchandise free......... 99 27. Commissions and exequaturs. —-.... 110 18. Confiscation of contraband articles..O 99 28. Immunities of consular officers.... 110, 111 19. Blockaded ports, regulations at.. -. 99, 100 29. Reclamation of deserters......... 111 20. Regulation of visits at sea.-.-.-.... 100 30. Consular convention to be formed., - 111 21. Sea-letters or passports. -........... 100 31. Duration of treaty -.,. —--— 111. Certificates of cargo.o.... -. 100 Infringement of treaty.-.-.... - ill 22. Vessels under convoy..........-.... 100 Reprisals and declarations of war.., 112 23. Prize causes, adjudication of.. -.. - 100 Treaties with other nations not af24. Letters of marque................... 101 fected..........._ 112 25. Agreement in case of war between the Ratifications - - - - - - -.... 112. parties......... 101 Exi plaaat-oy coven t.ioD, SepTime allowed merchants to remove. 101 temben li i33 -.... -- -....112-114 Safe-conduct to be furnished them -. 101 Treaty of May 16, 1832,- to be carried Other citizens may remain...-... 101 into effect -.. —------ D. 0. 112 26. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated. -.. 101 1. Stipulations of the second article, how 27. Envoys, ministers, &c.....,..... 101 to be understood................. 112 28. Consuls and vice-consuls............ 101 2. Understanding of tenth article.. 113 29. Commissions and exequaturs -.... 102 3. Slaves not comprehended in twenty30. Immunities of consular officers -... 102 ninth article,. -......... 113 31. Reclamation of deserters -.- -------- 102 4. Ratifications -...... -........... 113 32. Consular convention to be formed.. 102 Co tvenstionli for anfltratfio o1f 33. Duration of treaty.................. 102 Ilte _ifa' edonkinaa c _ mia_ Infringement of treaty 103 iovrebe,r 109 I848 * o o..114, 115 Reprisals and declarations of war.-, 103 Enumeration of claims to be settled O. 114 Treaties with other nations not af- Matter in dispute to be submitted to fected,.................. 103 the King of Belgium.............. 114 Ratifications...... 103 Points for arbiter to decide........114 Cessionl. (See Bounldaries.) Proof upon which the arbiter is to deChili~ cide............. ---- 115 Gei eral conveation of peace, Decision to be final............... 115 amflty, eon etee ai d Ratifications......................... 115 aigatio, liay I69 China, 832... —. ------- -. 104-112'Taeaty of I~eaee anaf9y aynd 1. Peace and friendship................ 104 o me m e'eo, Jauly 39, ~44..116-128 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- 1. Peace and amity —................ 116. come common -—...... 104 2. Duties on imports and exports....... 116 Exceptions....... 104 Fees and charges abolished -....... 116 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation 105 Modification of the tariff, how to be Coasting trade exceptedl -._....... 105 made....,.................... 116 4. Merchants and others free to manage Additional advantages........ 116 their own business.. w. -... 105 3, Ports that may be frequenlted by citi5. o embargo withllout i ndell nitiBy y —.. 1.05 zeus of U nited States......, 116 6. Asylumln to vessels in dlistress....105 Who m1a;y reside there...........116 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 827 Page. Page. China-Continued. P China-Continued. Vessels not to trade at other ports.... 117 Disposal of stolen'property when re4. Consular officers.......,... 117 covered -o....O... 122 Protection of consuls and other offi- 27. Assistance in case of shipwreck..... 122 cers.- --------------- - -. —. -o o 117 Vessels forced into any other than the 5. Privileges of trade at the five open five ports, to receive friendly treatports -.-.-.,. 117 menrt -.... - -. -. - - - dO —i — 122 6. Papers of vessels of United States to 28. Embargo, citizens or vessels of United be left with the consul............ 117 States not to be subject to........ 122 Tonnage duties... -............... 117 29. Reeclamation of mu tineers or deserters. 122 7. Cargo-boats not to pay tonnage duties, Chinese criminals not to be harbored except, &c...... - 1....117, 118 in houses or vessels of United States 8. Employment of pilots, servants, &c. 118 cit-izens.. - —......... - -- o 123 9. Custom-house officers... -,.... 118 Merchants, &z., of United States, ju10. Proceedings of vessels of United risdiction of consuls over........ 123 States on arrival in China,........ 118 30. Official correspondence, how to be conPenalties for discharging vessels with- ducted. - -...- - - -. -... - 123 out permit....-.............. 118 Presents not to be demanded of Vessels departing within forty-eight either party by the other - - - --- 123 hours not to be subject to tonnage 31. Communication between the United or other duties........... ——.-. 118 States and China, transmission of.. 123 11. Appointment of officers to ascertain 32. Intercourse with ships of war in duties to be paid on goods im- Chinese ports, privileges, &c., of -. 123 ported.........................-. 118 33. Clandestine trade prohibited. - - - - 123 Disputes as to amount of duties, 34. Future treaties. - -- —...... o —- 123,124 where and how settled. -.-,.-...- 118 Observance of this treaty.. - —.-... 124 12. Standard of weights and measures... 119.Ratifications - --...,... - - - --- -. 124 13. Where tonnage and other duties shall Tariff of duties to be levied on imported be paid........................... 119 and exported merchandise at the Duties to be paid in what currency. - 119 five ports - - - - --..........- 124-128 14. Regulation fortransshipment of goods 119 Treaty of peaee namtty, and oenya15. Liberty of trade................... 119 renree,.aune 19, 18;.....129-137 16. Chinese government not responsible 1. Peace and friendship... -... 129 for debts due by its subjects... - 119 2. Custody of original treaty........... 129 Debts due by citizens of United States 3. Publicationl of treaty - - -- -.....-.o 129 to subjects of China, how collected. 119 4. Privileges of United States minister.- 130 17. Citizens of United States residing at 5. Wahen may visit and sojourn at the any of the five ports may obtain capital _... _... o-... 130 proper accommodations, &c. -.. 120 Visits not to exceed one in each year- 130 At places of anchorage, &c., mler- Residence and suite................ 130 chants may pass, and repass, in the 6. To have same privileges as representaimmediate vicinity............... 120 tives of other nations —.......... 130 No excursions into the country, &c. - 120 7. Official correspondence -.. —......... 130 18. Employment of teachers, purchase of 8. Personal interviews.- - ----- -.. 131 books, &c................... 120 9. Facilities of intercourse for United 19. Citizens of United States to be pro- States vessels in Chinese waters.. 131 tected by the local authorities-.... 120 10. Consular officers...o...... 131 Riots and attacks upon houses to be Official intercourse between consuls prevented.............. - 120 and Chinese authorities. —-.. o-.. 131 20. Re-exportation of merchandise may 11 United States citizens in China to be be made to other permitted ports.. 120 placed on equal footing as to rights Frauds on government of China to with Chinese subjects -.. -...o o.. 131 subject goods to confiscation...... 121 Criminal acts toward subjects or citi21. Punishment for criminal acts of sub- zeuns of either party by the other, jects of China.......... 121 how punished.............. 132 Of citizens of United States.. 121 12. Citizens of United States in open ports, 22. Trade in case of war between China privileges of..... o.... 132 and other powers............... 121 Desecration of cemeteries, punishment 23. Consuls to make annual report of for..............OO s.....O -... O 132 trade of United States with the five 13. Wrecks, pirates, &c., provisions conports.,. -..................... 121 cerning. —-........-. -........ 132 24. Communications with local officers of 14, Open ports, privileges of United States China, how to be made........... 121 citizens in................. 132 From subjects of China to American 15. Commerce at open ports. —-- ---—. 133 consul, how to be made --—.... 121 Tariff of duties...................... - 133 Disputes between American citizens 16. Tonnage duties, ships' papers, &c --- 133 and subjects of China, how settled. 122 Beacons, light-houses, &c.....-... 133 25. Disputes between citizens of United 17. Employment of pilots, servants, &c. 133 States in China, how settled. —.. 122 18. Merchant-vessels in port - -...o -.. 133 Between citizens of United States and Merchants, seamen, &c., jurisdiction subjects of other governments in of consuls over... -.. -......-. 134 China, how settled. —-......... 122 Mutineers, criminals, and deserters. 134 26. Merchant-vessels of United States in 19. Papers of moerchant-vessels - o. o.- 134 the five ports, jurisdiction over... 12 Permits for discharge.oo - o- - 134 Robbers or pirates plundering Ameri- 20. Superintendent of customts..... 134 can vessels in Chinese waters, pun- Settlement of disputes as to duties - 134 ishment of.............. 122 21. Re-exportation of goods...... 134 828 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Chisa-Continued. China-Continued. 22. Payment of duties, method of........ 135 7. Citizens and subjects to enjoy the 23. Transshipment of goods............. 135 privileges of public educational in04. Debts, collection of................ 135 stitutions in either country. -...148, 149 25. Employment of teachers and purchase They may establish and maintain of books o. 135 school o............... o.......... 149 26. Conduct of trade in case of war...... 136 8. Intervention by United States in do27. Settlement of controversies.......... 136 mestic administration of China dis28. Communications between United claimed.......................... 149 States citizens and Chinese local Emperor of China to decide as to the officers........................... 136 introduction of improvements in 29. Religious toleration...oo. e..o. 136 his dominions ----—.... -.....- o 149 30. Most favored nation clause.......... 136 United States to designate civil en31. Ratifications................... 137 gineers on application.......... 149 Note to Article XIX... 137 To recommend to other nations an Note to Article XXI. -.. -. - -...... 137 equal compliance................. 149 Convention for the regulat;io of Chinese government to protect and -trade, NoveP mber, 8 5~.137-146 pay such engineers.0. O..... 149 Tariff and trade regulations established. 138 Citizens, (see Extradition, Naturalization, ReSchedule of tariff on imports....... o138-141 ciprocal Privileges of Citizens, tc.) Schedule of tariff on exports.......... 141-143 Rights as, of inhabitants of ceded terriRegulation of trade; rules..........143-146 tories1. Unenumerated goods.......-o.... 143 France, 1803........................ D233 2. Duty free goods..................... 144 Mexico, 1848, 1853.., -............495, 505 3. Contraband goods....... O 144 Russia, 1867..o,..................... 672 4. Weights and measures.............. 144 Spain, 1819.-......................... 714 5. Restrictions relaxed on specified corm- Election as to citizenship of settlers and modities......................... 144 traders-Great Britain, 1794....... 270 6. American vessels entering Chinese Of inhabitants under treaties viith ports.......O 145 Mexico, 1848, 1853........... 495, 505 7. Transit dues... - 145 Under treaty with Russia, 1867........ 672 8. Trade with Peking prohibited. 145 Claims, 9. Meltage fee abolished.... -.. 145 Treaties respecting, with10. Collection of duties.............. 145 Brazil, 1849......................... 90 Prevention of smuggling............ 146 Chili, 1858.......................... 114 Maintenance of lights, beacons, &c 146 China, 1858-. -,.,,....... 146 Supplemental eonvention for Colombia, 1864.................. 158 adjustment of claims9 No- Costa Rica, 1860.................. 163 vember 9, 1$5~............. 146, 147 Denmark, 1830....................... 170 Liquidation of all claims of American Ecuador, 1862........... 196 citizens..o....e............ 146 France, 1803, 1831................... 236,245 Debentures to be issued........DO 146 Great Britain, 1794, 1802, 1853, 1863, To whom to be delivered............... 146 1871, 1873.. 0.272-274, 285,.326, 346, 355, 368 How to be distributed.. O........ 146 Mexico, 1839, 1848, 1868, 1871, 1872.0 487, 497, Additional articles to treaty of 509,513,514 amity, commeree, and New Granada, 1857................. 564 navigation, July 28, 168,9 Paraguay, 1859.................. 592 147-149 Peru, 1841, 1862, 1863, 1868 611, 627, 628, 630 1. Right of eminent domain over lands Portugal, 1851..................... 639 or waters of China not relinquished Spain, 1795, 1802, 1834.......fO710, 711,718 by Emperor,............... 147 Two Sicilies, 1832., o o........... 771 Concessions of privileges to subjects Venezuela, 1859, 1866..............796, 806 of foreign powers not to give right Renunciation of-Denmark, 1830,.. 171 to attack citizens of the United Mutual renunciation of-Spain, 1819....714,715 States...................... 147 Assumption of, by United StatesCitizens of United States to abstain France, 1803, 1831.........2.2........37,245 from offensively attacking subjects Moxico, 1848........................ 497 of foreiga powers................. 147' Spain, 1819...,..................... 715 Grants of land not to divest Chineste Agreement with Spain respecting, for authorities of jurisdiction over per- wrongs in Cuba, 1871 —.. —— s 720 sons and property................ 147 Clearance Dues. (See Rec irocal Commercial 2. Privileges of trade not stipulated for Agreements.) to be at' discretion of Chinese gov- Coasting Trade. (See Reciprocal Commercial ernment.......................... 148 Agreements.) 3. Chinese consuls in the United States. 148 Colorado River, 4. Reciprocal religious liberty.......... 148 Free navigation of-Mexico, 1848...... 495 Cemeteries not to be disturbed....... 148 Colombia, Republic of, 5; Right of free migration and emigra- General convention of peace, amtion recognized..........., 148 ity, navigation, anad conbEmigration not voluntary, reprobated. 148 merce Oetober 3, 1~24. o.. 150-157 Laws to be passed to punish carrying 1. Peace and friendship................ 150 away subjects or citizens without 2. Favors granted to other nations to their consent -...-..............-, 148 become common,........,. 150 6. Privileges of travel or residence in 3. Privileges of citizens of each country either country. -,............. 148 resident in the other........150, 151 Natttrl'iz ation not conferred by/ this 4, Mianatgement of lbusiness, &........ 151 stipulatio......o..,..... 148 5. No embargo witholut indeinnilicetti n 1.51 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 829 Page. Page. Colombia, Republic of-Continued. Conquests, (see Berrudas; Mexico, Gulf of,) 6. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 151 To be restored-Great Britain, 1782, 7. Captures by pirates to be restored -. 151 1783. i - - -.-. 263,269 8. Assistance in case of shipwreck..-... 151 Consular Jurisdiction. (See Consuls.) 9. Disposal and inheritance of personal Consular Privileges. (See Consuls.) property. -...........O.O 152 Consuls, Real estate, time allowed heirs to dis- Reciprocal agreermeats con.pose of.........- OsD................ 152 era g 10. Protection of persons and property I- 152 Each party may establish consulates Access to judicial tribunals.......... 152 within the territories of the other11. Security of conscienceo. o-._ -. o.. 152 Algiers, 1815, 1816. O O -. -. 7, 11 Rights of burial.................... 152 Argentine Confederation, 1853 - - 19 12. Neutral trade in time of war —.. —- 152 Austria, 1829, 1848, 1870........23, 25, 28 Free ships make free goods.. - - --- 153 Belgium, 1845, 1868... - 51, 63 Neutrality extended to persons.- - - - - 153 Bolivia, 1858.- 7.... - 76 13. Neutral property on enemy's vessel 153 Brazil, 1828 - 88 14. Contraband of war.-.. ——.-. -. — 153 Central America, 1825 ----- -- 101 15. Other merchandise free.-.. —..-..O 153 Chili, 1832..... —----------- -. —-.-. 110 16. Confiscation of contraband articles. 154 China, 1858, 1868 -—.-. —- --- --—.- 131, 148 17. Blockaded ports, regulation at. —-.-. 154 Colombia, 1824 - -.-.-. --.. — -- - 156 18. Regulation of visits at sea.. n o - 154 Costa Rica, 1851.. - —. - - ---. o - - - 162 19. Sea-letters or passports.- -o o 154 Denmark, 1826....................... 169 Certificates of cargo.....-.. 155 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 185 20. Vessels under convoy................ 155 Ecuador, 1839...... 13 21. Prize causes, how adjudicated...... 155 France, 1788, 1853... -..... 21 1, 249 22. Letfters of marque -—. — -- ----. 155 German Empire, 1871.. - 255 23. Agreement in case of war between Great Britain, 1794,1815..... 277,294,295 the parties...... -............. 155 Greece, 1837..............-......... 376 Time allowed merchants to remove.- 155 Guatemala, 1849.-....D — -... - 384 Saf&econduct to be furnished them o.. 155 Hanover, 1840, 1846.. O..,. 389 393 Other citizens may remain -.. 155 Hawaiian Islands, 1849................ 409 24. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated -.. 156 Hayti, 1864..- -........... 419 25. Envoys, ministers, &c..-....- O.o-. 156 Honduras, 1864 -.......... -..... - 429 26. Consuls and vice-consuls -..OO O OO. 156 Italy, 1868............... 0...... O..D 432'7. Commissions and exequaturs........ 156 Japan, 1857 - - - - - -. —....... 450 28. Exemptions of consular officers... -. 156 Liberia, 1862 -. —.,. -. -.... 462 29. Reclamation of deserters -.-.. —. —- 156 Madagascar, 1867... - DO..- O. 465 30. A consular convention to be formed_. 157 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 469 31. Duration of treaty -. - - -o:... 157 Mexico, 1831.- --.. —.-. -.- - - -... 483 Infringement of treaty.... — o..... 157 Netherlands, 1782, 1855...............538, 547 Reprisals and declarations of war -. 157 New Granada, 1846, 18&50 --.. 557, 560 Treaties with other nations not af- Nicaragua, 1867-.-........ao... — o 569 fected............................ 57 Oldenburg, 1853 —.... -..... - 579 Ratifications....... - -.....D. 157 Orange Free State, 18717.. —-... - 581 Colombia, United States of. Ottoman Empire, 1830 - -........... 583 Claims convention, February Paraguay, 1859....................... 596 10, IS64. -. —- o. —— oo. o - o - 158 Persia, 1856 QO — -. - -s - -.. - 601 Reference to treaty with New Granada.. 158 Peru, 1851 o-.....-..-.,.-. - o_ 621.1 Time for termination of claims com- Peru-Bolivia, 1836................. 608 mission extended................. 158 Portugal, 1840.0...0.,.-.. 636 Commissioners and umpire to be ap- Prussia, 1785, 1828..o...o — 647,658 pointed anew - - - -- 158 Russia, 1832........................... 668 2. Ratifications..O- O............. - 158 San Salvador, 1850................s 682 Sardinia, 1838...... O OD -..-.- 687 Columbia River, Spain, 1795.................. -.... 709 Free navigation of-Great Britain, 1846 321 Sweden, 1783.... -.... 729 Commercial Agents, (see Consuls,) Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827.. - 733, 739 May be appointed for the protection of Swiss Confederation, 1850 -..... — s-. 750 trade-France, 1800 -...- -- - - - 227 Tripoli, 1805.... 0................... 759 Commercial Agreements. (See Reciprocal Corn- Tunis, 1797 o. 5 185...... -.77 5 766 ~ercicl A~eements * Br lause~ ~ ~ Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855............775,783 -m Buer *cial Agreementts; Britshlause- Venezuela, 1836, 1860 -...... — o-.-794, 805 Due;, China; Cottons; Danish Colo-'They may be established wherever any lies; Dardanelles; Duties; Discrimi- other power is permitted to maination.Duties; Import Duties; Light tain a consulateDues; Pilotage; Port.Dues; SwUs Austria, 1870 s28 Confedelration.) Belgium, 1868 - 63 Commission. (See Letters of Marque.) New Granada, 1846, 1850....... 577, 560 Confiscation, (see Naeutral Vessels; Reciprocal Spain, 1795.. — --.. —----.-.. 709 Privileges of Citizens, 4ce.; war,) Each poweflo decide where consuls may Congress to recommend restitution of be maintained within its terriconfiscated estates-Great Britain, tories1782, 1783 -......,.226, 268 Arfgentine Confederation, 1853-... 19 No further confiscations to be made- Austria, 1870 -,.,o.............. 28 Great Britain, 1782, 1783 - 0-. a.263, 268 Bolivia, 1858 - - o........wo 76 Public funds not to be confiscated in time Brazil, 1828. — -D-. -_. O........... 88 of war-Paraguay, 1859..ow..... 597 Central America, 1825.-....,... 101 830 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page Page. Consuls —Continued. ConSuls-Continued. Chili, 1832......... 110 Ottoman Empire, 1830...............-. 583 Colombia, 1824...-. -.........156. Paraguay, 1859.... -.-....... 596 Costa Rica, 1851. —--- ---------------- 162 Provisions for the appointment of viceEcuador, 1839.. —. -.... 194 consuls, consular agents, &c.Great Britain, 1794, 1815.............277, 295 Austria, 1870 -..-.-.... 30 Guatemala, 1849...................... 384 Belgium, 1868...-.. - —... 64 Honduras, 1864 - -. —............... 429 France, 1788, 1853.................... 220,250 Italy, 1868. —.............. -.... 432 German Empire, 1871................. 2056 Mexico, 1831 —.....-.. 483 Italy, 1868 ------—.-. —- --- -.. —-- 433 New Granada, 1846, 1850.............557, 560 New Granada, 1850 -.-.......... —-. 562 Nicaragua, 1867. —----------------- 569 Who may act in event of the death or Paraguay, 1859.. --..... - --- - 597 incapacity of a consulSan Salvador, 1850.. — —..-.... 682 Austria, 1870.-..-.... 30 They may be established in ports open to Belgium, 1868 -—... —-----—. —------ 64 foreign commnerce- France, 1853........ -250 Bolivia, 1858 7 —-......... -i6 German Empire, 1871-.... 256 Brazil, 1828... 88 Italy, 1868 433 Central America, 1825...-... 101 In what cases consuls may apply to the Colombia, 1824.-. -.....-. 156l local,authoritiesDenmark, 1826 --. —.. 169 Austria, 1870 -............. -.. 30 Ecuador, 1839....-......- -.....-...... 194 Belgium, 1868........................ 64 Hayti, 1864 -.. -....... -..... 419 France, 1853 —- _...... -.-. 250 Mexico, 1831........................ 483 German Empire, 1871.......... 257 Netherlands, 1855 —............ — ---- 547 Greece, 1837.- -. ——.-. —------. —-- 376 New Granada, 1846,1850............. — 557,560 Italy, 1868.......... —.- ------- - -- -- 433 Peru, 1851. — -. —... 621 New Granada, 1850...- -............... 561 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 608 When they may apply to the governmentSan Salvador, 1850 682 Austria, 1870. ——...-..... —.- -. 30 Venezuela, 1836.............. -794 Belgium, 1868 ---------- -- —. —-. —- 64 Provisions respecting grantiug exequa- France, 1853 -....... -................. 250 turs- German Empire, 1871................. 257 Argentine Confederation. —........... 19 Italy, 1868 -4 —-.... -............ 433 Austria, 1870.........................- 29 New Granada, 1850.-...... 561 Belgium, 1868........................ 63 They may appear as the natural defenders Bolivia, 1858 ------------—. 76 of their countrymenBrazil, 1828........ ------------- 88 New Granada, 1850. —..-....- - - - -.. 561 Central America, 1825.......-.... 102 They shall not give passports in certain Chili, 1832.-........... 110 casesColombia, 1824.....,.-....... 156 New Granada, 1850 -—. —----------—. 563 Costa Rica, 1851 —--... —------------- 162 The consuls-general of each power may Denmark, 1826 -. — ---—. —---------- 169 travel freely in the territories of the Ecuador, 1839-...-.. 194 other-Japan, 1858..... 450 France, 1788, 1853.............220, 249 Consuls in each country shall enjoy the German Empire, 1871..-....-.- -. 255 privileges of consuls of the most favGreat Britain, 1794, 1815 --—.........277,295 ored nationGuatemala, 1849..-.-....-. 384 Algiers, 1815, 1816 - -. --.......... 711 Hayti, 1864........................... 419 Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 19 HIonduras, 1864-...................... 429 Austria, 1829, 1848,1870..-. 23,25,32 Italy, 1868 -......... 432 Brazil, 1828. - - - - - 88 Liberia, 1862 -.........................- - 462 Central America, 1825 -..- --- -... —---- 101 Mexico, 1831 -...........483 Chili, 1832. -. -- ----------------—. 110 New Granada, 1846,1850.-............557, 560 Colombia, 1824 -—..-. —------- —. —. 156 Nicaraguna, 1867 -..- -- —.. —--------- 569 Costa Rica, 1857......... —. -. —-. —- 162 Orange Free State, 1871......... 581 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 185 Paraguay, 1859 -—................- 596 Ecuador, 1839 ------ —.. —- --—. —--- 194 Peru, 1851.. —-—.......... -621 France,1788,1853.. ——.-..........224,252 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 608 German Empire, 1871.. —---- -—. 255 Portugal, 1840 ------------............636 Guatemala, 1849 -.. —-............... 384 San Salvador, 1850.-....-.-.. 682 Hanover, 1840,1846 -.............-.389, 393 Swiss Confederation, 18.507.... 750 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -.-............. 409 Two. Sicilies, 1855.................... 783 1-layti, 1864 -- —..........................- - 419 Respecting withdrawal of exequaturs- Honduras, 1864 - -.. - - -.................. 429 German Empire, 187L -.. -...........- 255 Madagascar, 1867- ----.. -.... 465 Great Britain, 1794, 1815............27, 295 Mecklenbunrg-Schwerin, 1847 -. —-- -- 469 Greece, 1837 --—. —....-......... — -- 376 Mexico 1831 -............483 New Granada, 1850. -.................560 New Granada, 1846 ---—. —-—. ——.. 557 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827-.......733,739 Nicaragua, 1867 - --—..-... -......... 569 Swiss Confederation, 1850- - -......... 750 Orange Free State, 1871 8........ 581 Consuls have no diplomatic character- Paraguay, 1859.-... —- —.... -. —- 597 New Granada, 1850 --.... _ -......... 562 Persia, 1856..............-.-... — 601 They are appointed for the protection of Peru, 1851.....- -.. - 621 trade- Peru-Bolivia, 1'836, -—............-.. 608 Great Britain, 1815.-......-....-..-o. 295 Portugal, 1840 - - - - - - -..- - -. -- 636 Liberia, 1862 --...................... 462 Prussia, 1799, 1828....-........655, 658 Madagascar, 1867-..................... 465 Russia, 1832..-.. —.- -.. —. -...- 668 lb7icaragua, 1867 —...-.-..-.....-.. 569 San Salvador, 1850... —...-........... 682 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 831 Page. Page. Consuls-Continued. Consuls-Continued. Sardinia, 1838-. — -. —. —.-..... 687 Belgium, 1868 6. 63 Spain, 1795 -............ 709 They are to be exempt firom duties and Swiss Confederation, 1850............. 750 taxes, except on their estates real Tripoli, 1805 ----- - ----- -- - --- --- 759 anid personal-France, 1788.... - -. 220 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855..... ---- D --.775,783 Their official income not subject to taxaVenezuela, 1860.. - - - ---- -- - - - 805 tionConsuls who are citizens of the state ap- German Empire, 1871.... 256 pointing them are exempt from mili- They may establish a chancerytary billetings- France, 1788...... - - - - - - --- - ---- 220 Austria, 1870 ----- -- ------------ 29 Their persons and dwellings to be subject Belgium, 1868 --—.-. —.-. —-- -- - - 63 to the laws of the country, except France, 1788, 1853...... - - - - -...... 220, 249 as exempt by treatyGerman Empire, 1871 -.... —...255,256 New Granada, 1850...... -............. 563 Italy, 1868 U - _ -..... 432 If ill business, they are to be subject to the When citizens of the state appointing laws of the countrythem, they shall be exempt from arrest France, 1788.. O O...Oe 220 except for crime- Dominican Republic, 1867........... 185 Belgium, 1868 -- -...- -- I -- - - - 63 Hanover, 1840..................... - 389 Italy, 1868........-.......... - -—. 432 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -- ----—.....449 Consuls who are not citizens of the state Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847. 470 in which they reside are exempt from Orange Free State, 1871..o...... 581 all public service- Portugal, 1840........................ 636 Brazil, 1828 -... —...... —- -.-.- 88 Prussia, 1785, 1799,1828..........647, 655,658 Central America, 1825.....-.-.... -- 102 Russia, 1832....... -.....oo.... 668 Chili, 1832 - -...... —...-. —-—.-..... 110 Sardinia, 1838... — -.... 687 Colombia, 1824 - ---............... 156 Swiss Confederation, 18.50.... -.. 750 Denmark, 1826 - -—.. —-- - -... -.. 169 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855..........775, 783 France, 1788 o —-.-..... o.. o. 220 Venezuela, 1860 o.....o.o805 Guatemala, 1849...... o........... 385 But in such case they can be detained Mexico, 1831 -....-.....-... - -...-.- 483 only for commercial debtsNew Granada, 1846. -. -............. 557 Austria, 1829, 1848,1870. _....23, 25,29 San Salvador, 1850..-.... 682 If citizens of the country in which they Not being citizens of the country in which reside, to continue subject to its they reside, they shall be exempt lawsfrom imposts and contributions ex- Dominican Republic, 1867.00,. 185 cept on their commerce and prop- Italy, 1868 -- --- - -.................-.. 432 erty- Sardinia, 1838...o oo -. o.. 687 Bolivia, 1858...........-.............. 76 Two Sicilies, 1855................ 784 Brazil, 1828 -. -...... -.... —......... 88 Venezuela, 1860 -..-....... 805 Central America, 1825....... O. 102 They are to be independent in what conChili, 1832 —............o.. 110 cerns their functionsColombia, 1824................ 156 INew Granada, 1850.-............ 562 D)enmark, 1826............ 169 Venezuela, 1860.....805 Ecuador, 1839........................ 194 They may employ their good offices in German Empire, 1871.......... 255 favor of citizens of another country, Guatemala, 1849 —............. 385 whenHIayti,1864.................... 420 New Granada, 1850......... 562 Mexico, 1831.......-................. 483 They are not required to appear in courts New Granada, 1846.................. 557 of justice as witnessesPeru, 1851....... 621 France, 1853 -. -------. —.-.. 250 Peru-Bolivia, 1836................... 609 Except for defense of persons charged San Salvador, 1850.................. 682 with crimeConsuls shall enjoypersonal immunities- Austria, 1270.................. 29 Austria, 1870. -.....-............. 29 Belgium, 1868..... —......... 63 France, 1853 -.....249) 250 Italy, 1868 -—. - - o_- --—....432, 433 When they can only claim the immunities Their testimony in other cases shall be of commercial agents- taken at their dwellingsFrance, 1853 - —.......... —- -. —... 250 Austria, 1870...-...... -.. -. -.. 29 They shall enjoy the privileges necessary Belgium, 1868....................... 63 for their functions- Italy, 1868.......................... 432 Belgium, 1845,1858.............51,54 They shall be invited to appear in court, Great Britain, 1794.... -.- ---—. 277 or their testimony may be required In respect also of the deserters from the in writing, or tMaen at their dwellvessels of their country- iDgsNetherlands, 1839...o 543 Belgium, 1.853..................... 250 Ottoman Einpire, 1830...-. 583 France, 1868........................... 63 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827...733, 739 Italy, 1868..................... 432 Two Sicilies, 1855............ 784 When their testimony is required they They may be prosecuted for violation of are to be summoned in writingthe laws of the country in which New Granada, 1850...... -.... - 563 they reside — They have the right to place the national Great Britain, 1794... -.,.. -....... 277 arms antd the inscription "~ consuGreece, 1837 - -. -............ 376 late" or'vice-consulate" on their Portugal, 1840 - -..............636 offices — Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827 -......733, 739 Austria, 1870.2.9......0...... 9 When to be exempt from all taxes- German Empire, 1871-..e...e...256 Austria, 1870........................ 29 Or on their dwellings-Belgium, 1868 3. G3 832 INDEX'TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Consuls —Continued. Cosauls-Continued. Except in places where there is a legation- German Empire, 1871 -. 258 Austria, 1870......................... 29 They have jurisdiction over disputes Belgium, 1868..-.................... 64 between masters, officers, and crews German Empire, 1871 -.-... 256 of national vesselsItaly, 1868........ o... 433 Austria, 1848, 1870.0.,. - O _. OOO 25, 31 To place the arms, name, and flag on Belgium, 1868... —...... _ -.... 65 their offices or dwellings- Denmark, 1861..................... 175 France, 1853. - - - - - - o 250 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 185 Italy, 1868 - -O.... O........ - - 433 France, 1788, 1853 c- -..... 223, 251 To place the name and flag on their dwell- German Empire, 1871 - --- -- - - -D_ 258 ings- Greece, 1837 o o 376 New Granada, 1850..... 563 Hanover, 1840, 1846 - -.......... 389, 393 To hoist their flag on board vessels em- Hanseatic Republics, 1852 -.O....... 404 ployed by them in port- Italy, 1868 - *........... *... o o. 434 German Empire, 1871. -.. 256 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847......... 470 The consular archives to be inviolable- New Granada, 1850 oo-o — ------ 561 Argentine Confederation, 1853...... -. 19 Oldenburg, 1847 --— 0 -O-. —. - - --- 578 Austria, 1870. —--. —--- -. - 0. ---- 29 Portugal, 1840. —- - - - - -. - - 637 Belgium, 1868 -...-..-... 64 Prussia, 1828.............. O......... 658 Bolivia, 1858.o...... Oo-....o.. -. 76 Russia, 1832.. -.. -- o-.......... 668 Brazil, 1828 88 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827...... 733,740 Central America, 1825.............. 102 Two Sicilies, 1855.. - 0 -. — O- 784 Chili, 1832..oo..... -. —111 Venezuela, 1860....................... 805 Colombia, 1824 -........ -. -..-0... 156 They may require aid of local authorities Denmark, 1826 -...o. O.... -.. 169 for arrest of deserters from vesselsDominican Republic, 1867............. 185 Austria, 1848,1870........ DOO.-.. -.. 25, 31 Ecuador, 1839.o....-......... - - - 194 Belgium, 1845,1868 -. o- 0-. --.-.. -,. 51, 65 France, 1788,1853,. moo o - - s -. 220, 250 Bolivia, 1858......................... D 77 German Empire, 1871................. 256 Brazil, 1828 - - o. o. 88 Greece, 1837..... D O O o o. - 376 Central America, 1825 0-... 0 o o. 102 Guat emala, 1849 o~.o.o.o_...... 385 Chili, 1832 111 Hayti, 1864...... -.0.0.0.-. ---- 420 Colombia, 1824....................... 156 Mexico, 1831......................... 483 Denmark, 1861 o - o - -.............. 175 Nev Granada, 1850................... 562 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 185 Orange Free State, 1871............... 581 Ecuador, 1839........................ 194 Peru, 1851.....o....-............... 621 France, 1788, 1822, 1853. o.. o 222, 244, 251 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -................... 609 German Empire, 1871................. 258 Portugal, 1840 -- -0 - 637 Greece, 1837.............. -..... 376 San Salvador, 1850. —-—...-... —- --. 682 Guatemala, 1849 o..................... 385 Sardinia, 1838 - -. 688 Hanover, 1840,1846.................. 389, 394 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827..... 733, 740 I-Eanseatic Republics, 1828... - o 403 Swiss Confederation, 1850..........- 750 0 Iawaiian Islands, 1849............... 409 Two Sicilies, 1855.- - -------- - o -- 784 Hayti, 1864.o.. -................. - 420 The consular offices and dwellings to be Italy, 1868.. -........ —...... - -0 434 inviolable- Madagascar, 1867 -. -. 466 Belgium, 1868 —.. - - - ----.. — -. - 64 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 -. ------- 470 Bolivia, 1858 -.O..o..... 0-.-.. 76 Mexico, 1831. -....................... 434 France, 1853... O ---- —. - 250 New Granada, 1846, 1850.............537, 562 German Empire, 1871, (of consuls not Oldenburg, 1847 OOW - 578 citizens) 256 Peru, 1851...... - OO -......o....- 622 Italy, 1868 -. -. —. o.O —. 433 Peru-Bolivia, 1836...OO.... O. - O. -. 609 But not to be used as places of asylum- Portugal, 1840...........OO. - 637 France, 1788........ - - -.. OO,. 220 Prussia, 1828 -.. - O. -..-. 658 German Empire, 1871 -. OO..-.-.. o-. 256 Russia, 1832 --- -- -. -. —--— o - ---- 668 Italy, 1868.. 433 San Salvador, 1850................... 682 What depositions and papers they may Sardinia, 1838......................... 688 receive and verify- Spain, 1819. -..O...... -........ - 716 Austria, 1870 -............. - --.. 30 Sweden and Norway, 1827. -.o....c. - 740 Belgium, 1868.-0 0.. o o - 0 00 64 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855............... 775, 784 France, 1788, 1853 -......221, 250, 252 Venezuela, 1860. - o.. o o o. J.O. -- 805 German Empire,.1871 -..... 257 But if the deserter has committed a crime Italy, 1868........................... 434 against local law, the surrender to New Granada, 1850 - -... - -...O... 661 be delayed till after punishmentTheir authority over vessels of their Austria, 1870......................... 31,32 country in the ports of the country Denmark, 1861 - -... -......... 176 in which they reside- Dominican Republic, 1867.:... o. 185 Austria, 1870 -... O-.... —- ------- -. 31 Greece, 1837 -- ----— oo- - ----.. - --- 376 Belgium, 1868. —.. o............. 65 Hanover, 1840, 1846 -o 389, 394 France, 1788, 1853......o -...... - 222 251 Hanseatic Republics, 1828............. 404 German Empire, 1871 - -- --. —..- 258 Hawaiian Islands, 1847....... o o.... 409 Italy, 1868- - - -..- -..... 434 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847. - - 00 470 New Granada, 1850 -.-.-.G —--- -—.. -. 561 Oldenburg, 1847 —. --—... —-—..... 578 They have a right to be notified of in- Portugal, 1840.. -......D........ o..... 637 tended searches by customs-officers, Prussia, 1828 -.O. - 0.' - -. 659 and to be present — Russia, 1832 -- -. - - -........ - 668 Austria, 1870.................. 31 Sardinia, 1838........... —-. 688 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 833 Page. Page. Consuls-Continued. Consuls-Continued. Sweden and Norway, 1827 ---. ——... 740 They shall not be responsible for the Two Sicilies, 1855 -..-.7.... 784 debts of their countrymenThey may adjust damages suffered by Tunis, 1797 7....... 66 vessels at sea in certain cases- Agaeeen-enets whi4c anre not reAustria, 1870..-........ —-—.......... 32 ciprocaRl Belgium, 1868 ------ ------ 65 American consul may be appointed in German Empire, 1871 -...-..........- 259 ports where principal commerce is Italy, 1868........-... 435 carried onNew Granada, 1850.-.......... 561 Mnscat, 1833. —.. —-------—.....- -. 529 Their powers in cases of shipwreck ai, l in Consuls of United States may reside in proceedings for salvage- any port they think properAustria, 1870 --...........32 Morocco, 1836 -...........524 Belgium, 1868. —... —....... —....... 65 The persons and houses of United States France, 1788,1853 —-. —...-......221, 222, 252 consnls to be inviolateGerman Empire, 1871 —. —--—. —--- 259 Muscat, 1833-.... 529 Hawaiian Islands, 1849. —--------—.. 410 United States consuls to have exclusive Italy, 1868 --------------------- - 435 jurisdiction over crimes committed New Granada, 1850.-.L... 561 by American citizens in the terriTwo Sicilies, 1855 -..........783 tories of the other powerThey may act as judges in dispntes be- Borneo, 1850 -........................ 80 tween their countrymen or other China, 1844 ------------- 121 persons under their protection- Japan, 1857, 1858.. ——. —---------— 449, 452 Tunis, 1797.......................... 767 Madagascar, 1867. -. —..... -465 They may determine all differences and Ottoman Empire, 1830..-.......... 584 suits between their countrymen- Siam, 1856-..... 696 France, 1788 —-.....-..... 223 To have exclusive jurisdiction over civil They nmay act as arbitrators in differences disputes between American citibetween their countrymen- zeusNew Granada, 1850... -... 561 Algiers, 1795,1815,1816..-.... 38, 13 They may be present at the trial of their Borneo, 1850 -------—,............ 80 countrymen charged with killing, China, 1844, 1858.. —..- -..-.......122, 136 ~&c. — MtMadagascar, 1867-. —....-. -........ 465 Tunis, 1797.-........... 767 Morocco, 1787,1836 —................519, 524 They shall be informed by the local Muscat, 1833......................... 529 authorities of the death of their Persia, 1856 -...... —--... 600 countrymen intestate, or without Siam, 1856 —. —--—...... -.. ——. 696 known heirs- Tripoli, 1805-. 761 Austria, 1870 ------.. —. —----------- 33 Tunis, 1797 -...-..-...-....... 767 Belgium, 1.868....... 66 To have exclusive jurisdiction over German Empire, 1871 -----—. —-...... 257 civil disputes between an American Italy, 1868-..............435 citizen and a subject of the other They may appear for absent heirs or cred- poweritors until they are represented- Borneo, 1.850. 80 German Empire, 1871 -.......257 To have jurisdiction jointly with offiThey may be present at inventorying the dials of the country over con-troproperty of deceased conntrymen- versies between American citizens Peru, 1851.-. — -- —...-.. —...... 622 and subjects of the other powerTwo Sicilies, 1855-.... —... —. 781 Madagascar, 1867. 465 They may intervene in the possession, Ottoman Empire, 1830. 584 administration, and liquidation of Persia, 1856. —-----... —....... ——. 600 intestate property — Siam, 1856 — 6... —.. —-—.- ---------- 696 Argentine Confederation, 1853 -.-.... 19 To have jurisdiction jointly with other They may administer upon the personal consular officers of disputes between property of their countrymen dying American citizens and subjects of intestate- foreign powers — France, 1788.......................... 221 Algiers, 1815,186.... 9,13 Peru, 1851-.-.... — -...........- 622 Persia, 1856 -............- 600 Tunis, 1797 766 Tripoli, 1805. 761 Except where prohibited by legislatiot- privileges of an American consul in New Granada, 1850 ----------------- 562 China, 1858. 131 They may nominate curators to take of a Chinese consul in the United charge of such property as far as States-China, 1868...-. 148 local laws permit- claims of Japanese against Americans to Costa Rica, 1851....................... 161 be prosecuted in the consular Honduras, 1864 --......428 courts-Japan, 1858. _-......... 452 Nicaragua, 1867 ---------- --------. 568 of Americans to be prosecuted in the May become temporary custodians of courts of Japan, 1858.-..... 452 such property- consuls in Japan may require the looil Paraguay, 1859 - ------ 596 authorities to aid in the arrest of Two Sicilies, 1855.... —..781 deserters and fugitives from justice They may take charge of the effects of -Japan, 1858.-. 453 deceased sailors — United States consuls to assist in the trial German Empire, 1871 -..-....... 257 of Americans for killing or wound-,They may give bills of health, &c. — lug, &cNew Granada, 1850 —........ 562 Algiers, 1819, 13 ES SI~ 53 834 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page, Consuls-Continued. Contraband of War-Continued. Morocco, 1787,1836 -..... 519, 524 France, 1778..-...... 207 Tripoli, 1805.. ——. —--. — -—. —---- 761 Great Britain, 1794 --—... —----—...- 278 Tunis, 1797-.... 767 Netherlands, 1782.. - 536 United States consul to have jurisdiction Not to be confiscatedover the effects of Americans de- Netherlands, 1782 —-. —-------- —.. — 536 ceased intestate- Prussia 1799, 1828 -—..............- 651,659 Algiers, 1795, 1815, 1816 —................ 3,9,13 Provisions, &c., becoming contraband, Morocco, 1787, 1836-..................519, 524 not to be confiscatedMuscat, 1833. -...... 529 Great Britain, 1794..-.. 278 Persia, 1856.-........... —-. —. —-. 600 Vessels carrying, may be detained, but Tripoli, 1805..-.. 761 -*shall be released on surrendering To receive wrecked or captured property the contraband articlesbelonging to American citizens- Prussia, 1799,1828-.....651,659 Muscat, 1833-.5..................... 529 Great Britain, 1794 -.......... 278 Ottoman Empire, 1830.-..-. 585 Proceedings in case of discovery ofNot to employ more servants than are al- Sweden, 1783 -......... - 725 lowed to Russians- Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827 -..735, 741 Persia, 1856. —-----—.... —--—. —- 601 Convoys, (see Vessels,) Not required to pay duties- Each power to take vessels of the other Algiers, 1795, 115,1816-................4, 9,13 under their protection, whenNot to be held responsible for the debts France, 1778-..... 205 of their countrymen- Netherlands, 1782 --. —-. —--—... —. 534 Algiers, 1815,1816 -—.- -----------—. 7,12 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828 -.....646, 654,659 Morocco, 1787, 1836 -................. 520,524 Costa Iica, Tripoli, 1805.-......-. 760 Stipulations respecting a ship-canal by Provisions respecting, in Dutch colonies- way of-Great Britain, 1850- - -.. - 322 Netherlands, 1855-........546-549 Neither party to fortify, colonize, or exerContraband of War, (see Blockade; Prizes; cise dominion over-Great Britain, War,) 1850.. —.......... 322 Defined by treaty with- Treaty of amity, commerce, and Bolivia, 1858......................... 73 navigation, July 10, Brazil, 1828 -............- - -----— 85 11S51 -.........-....159-163 Central America, 1825 --------—. —---- 99 1. Perpetual amity..................... —- 159 Chili, 1832...........107 2. Freedom of commerce. — -----—.- -- 159 Colombia, 1824. —----—.. —. —--- - -- 153 Rights of residence and business.... 159 Dominican Republic, 1867 ------------ 182 Ships of war and post-office packets. 159 Ecuador, 1839........................ 191 Coasting-trade reserved............. — -- 160 France, 1778, 1800-.................... 210,228 3. Privileges granted to other nations to Great Britain, 1794-. ——... —-... - - 278 become common -...... 160 Guatemala, 1849 -- -. —........ —..-.- 382 4. Duties on products of either country. 160 Hayti, 1864 -... —.. —............... 416 Prohibitions to be general. ——.. —-- 160 Italy,1871... --—. —.-.-. —.. —-.... 442 5. Tonnage duties, &c., to be equal.-.. 160 Mexico, 1831 --—.. ——...... —-. —-—. 481 6. Duties on imports in vessels of either Netherlands, 1782.. -....... 539 party. 160 New Granada, 1846...-..... 554 Duties on exports in vessels of either Peru, 1851 ---—.... ——. —----—. --—.. 618 party.. —.. —-.- -..- -........... 160 Peru-Bolivia, 1836. —....... 605 Drawbacks and bounties to be equal.. 160 Prussia, 1799, 1828.-........652, 659 7. Management of business, &c.. 161 San Salvador, 1850.....-. 679 Employment of agents-...... 161 Spain, 1795-. ——...... —-..... —-—. 708 Liberty of trade- 161 Sweden, 1783 -............724 Access to judicial tribunals.......... 161 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827...-..735, 741 8. Police of ports, safety of merchandise, Two Sicilies, 1855 -..... —-.... 779 &c............................... 161 Venezuela, 1836,1860 -..... -.791, 801 Succession to personal estates........ 161 When vessels carrying contraband are not Disposal of personal property -1...... 161 subject to capture- Duties same as payable by natives.. - 161 Bolivia, 1858 -------------- 73 Property of residents dying intestate. 161 Brazil, 1828 -.......-.... 85 9. Exemptions from military service, Central America, 1825 —. —........... 99 ~ forced loans, &c ------- - 161 Chili, 1832. —. —.. -....-. -..... 108 10. Consuls, appointment of -- -........- 162 Colombia, 1824....................... 153 Diplomatic agents and consuls, priviEcuador, 1839.-.. -..................-. 191 leges of —. --.........- 162 Guatemala, 1849........... 382 11. Agreement in case of war between the Hayti: 1864. —--- ------------ - 417 partiesMexico, 1831 -.. —--------------------- 481 Time allowed merchants to remove, New Granada, 1846..... 554 &e ------- - 162 Peru, 1851-............. 618 Other citizens may remain...-... 162 Peru-Bolivia, 1836...-.... 605 Their property not liable to seizure-. 162 San Salvador, 1850.... -...... 679 Debts, &c., not to be confiscated- -. 162 Sweden, 1783. —..... —-—.-..... — 725 12. Residents entitled to the protection of Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827 --—.-735,741 the government —--...._.._.. 162 Two Sicilies, 1855-.............. 780 Security of conscience..... -... - -. - - 162 Venezuela, 1836, 1860 -791...........79,, 801 Rights of burial.162 Proceedings against in case of capture — 13. When articles iv, v, and vi may be Hayti, 1864-418 terminated. -163................ Dominican Republic, 1867 -.-.-... 183 14. Ratifications1.............. 163 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 835 Page. Page. Costa Rica-Continued. Denmiark-Continued. Claiams convention, July 2, 1860.163-166 7. Internal taxes- -..-.-. —------- 169 1. Claims of citizens of the United States 8. C-onsuls and vice-consuls. —--—...-. 169 to be referred to commissioners..-. 163 9. Rights and privileges of consuls —..- 169 Appointment of commissioners...... - - -. 164 10. Exemptions of consular officers, &c. 169 Vacancies, how filled -...-.. 164 it. Duration of convention....... 169 What claims shall not be considered. -164 12. Ratifications.. ——... --------- 169 2.. Meeting of commissioners.. - - - - - - - - 164 Addendum — Oath of commissioners -—. —--------- 164 Claims of United States for indemniSelection of umpire -.... —-------—. 164 ties not waived by the treaty --—. -170 3. Examination of claims —... —-. —-—. 164 Convention relative to indemniMode of procedure -—..... —--- -- 164 ties and claims, MLarchl 28, Papers to be hfurnished by each gov- 1830 -.170-173 ernminent.. —------—... ——. —--- 164 1. Renunciation by Denmark of claims Award of indemnity, amount to be de- for indemnity -..- -... —.......- 171 fermined...........-. -164 United States to be indemnified for Decision of umpire to be final -...- 164 seizure of vessels, &c-.)... 171 4. Payment of indemnity, method of... 165 2. Payment of the indemnity.-.. -. 171 First installment, when payable -. 165 3. A board of commissioners to be apSubsequent installments, when to be pointed........-.. 172 paid.-....-..... 165 Proceedings of commissioners... 172 Payment of interest_.. —- 165 4. No further claims for seizure or conAppropriation by Costa Rica to meet fiscation of vessels to be presented. 172 payments.. —... —-- -.. —. —----- 165 5. To what cases convention applicable. 172 5. Termination of the commission.. —- - 165 6. Ratifications. —..... —--.. —-------- 173 Record of proceedings —... —------ 165 Convention for extinguishl ment Appointment of secretary-...-. 165 of the sound and belts Commission to make rules -... —---- 165 duaes, April 11, 1....-.. 173-175 6. Proceedings of commission to be con- 1. Navigation of the sound and belts to clusive --........ 165 be free to American vessels ------- 173 Costa Rica released from claims re- 2. Passages of sound and belts to be jected or allowed and satisfied. -. — 165 lighted and buoyed as heretofore -. 173 7. Cases pending before umpire at termi- Employment of Danish pilots optional. 174 nation of commission, disposal of.- 165, 166 3. Sum to be paid by the United States. 174 Decisions, when to be given.. - - -. -. 166 4. Extension of further privileges. ---- 174 Authority of umpire to cease, when-. 166 5. Convention of commerce and navigaS. Expenses of commission, payment of. 166 tion of 1826 renewed.- 174 9. Ratifications-. -.... 1- - 66 6. When this convention to take effect. 174 Cottons, Anticipation of period.......174 Duty on direct importation of- 7. Ratifications- -..... —----—.- ------ 174 France, 1831................-......... 291 Additional articles to convelnImport duty on, abolished- tion of commerce and Hanover, 1846. —---- - - -.-..-....393 navigation, Jiuly I1li9 1 861f.175, 176 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847. —-. 469 1. Settlement of differences between masOldenburg, 1853.......... 579 ters of vessels and their crews -. 175 Counterfeit Money. (See Extlradition.) 2. Reclamation of deserters —- 1 —------ 175 Effect of additional articles......... 176 D. Ratifications. 176 Convention relative to naturaliDanish Colonies. (See Denmark.) zation, July 209, 18S'72 --— 176,177 Dardenelles, Straits of, 1. Who are deemed to be naturalized Privileges of United States vessels in.... 584 citizens --— _ ——.............- 176, 177 United States goods and vessels exempt 2. Restoration of citizenship in original from dues......................... - 588 country —....... —-—. —. —---- 177 Firmans for passage of-.................. 590 3. Renunciation of naturalization -..... 177 Debts, (see Consuls; War,) When intent not to return shall be Collection of- held to exist.._.......... -177 China, 1858.......... 135 4. Duration of convention...-.. 177 France, 1800.......-.. 226 5. Ratifications ------- - -------------—. 177 Great Bri~tain, 1782, 1783.....- 2 -.262, 267 Deserters from Vessels. (See Conssds.) Deceased Persons Estates of. (See Consuls; Pesonal Proerty; Real Estate.) Detraction, Droit de, (see Personal Property; Devniark, Denmza~1~R, Real Estate; Succession,).General conventiong of friend- Abolished by treaties withship, commn erce, and navi- Bavaria, 1845........... 41 gation, April 26, 1826 -..167-170 France, 1778..- -...-...........-... 206 1. Peace and harmony................. 167 Guatemala, 1849.-........ —-.- - 380 Favors granted to other nations to Hanover, 1840. 390 become common.......-.. 167 Hanseatic Republics, 1827 —.......... 402 2. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 167 Hesse-Cassel, 1844 - -...... 422 Coasting-trade reserved............. 167 Sax 1845 -......531.. 3. Importations and exportations in yes- Saxony, 1845 690 sels of either nation-....... 167 Spain, 17957...........07 Duties, bounties, a'nd drawbacks.. -. 168 Sweden, 1783........723 4. Duties on products of either country.~ 168 Wiirtemberg, 1844............8.09.... 5. Sound and belts dues —.1........ 168 Detroit River, 6. To what trade treaty not to extend.. 168 Free navigation of —Great Britain, 1842.. 319 83(6 IISNDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES Page. Page. Diplomatic Agents, Dominican elc2ublic-Continued. Are to have the privileges of diplomatic Controversies among claimants, how agents of the most favored nations- decided. —--------- - 179 Argentine Confederation, 1853... ——. 19 Real estate, time allowed heirs for disBolivia, 1858 -. -- - 76 posal of ----------- - 179 Brazil, 1828- -.........87 No other duties payable than are paid Central America, 1825.. —... 101 by natives 179 Chili, 1832-......-.... 110 6. Importations and exportations in yesChina, 1858 --.........130 sels of either country ----------— 180 I Colombia, 1824.........- - 156 Equality of tonnage duties, &c. —--- 180. Costa Rica, 1851 ----—... —------ 162 7. Coasting trade reserved to citizens.. 180 Ecuador, 1839 ---------- -- 193 Vessels may proceed from port to port Guatemala, 1849 --—... ——. —-. —--- - 384 and discharge. ——. —-----—... - 180 Hayti, 1864-.-. —......... 419 8. Nationality of vessels, how deterHonduras, 1864..-...-... 429 mined...-..... 180 Japan, 1857. 450 9. Duties on products, &c., of either Mexico, 1831...-........... 483 country-_....... 180 New Granada, 1846 -. —--------------- 557 Prohibitions to be general..-.. 181 Nicarzagua, 1867-...................... 569 10. Discriminating duties... -.... 181 Paraguay, 1857 ------------ 597 11, Assistance in case of shipwreck.. 181 Persia, 1856 -599 Repairs of stranded vessels. —------ 181 Peru, 1851. -.-........ 621 12. Neutral trade in time of war.-...... 181 Peru-Bolivia, 1836....... 608 Blockaded ports, regulations at..-. 181 San Salvador, 1850. —-----—.. ——. — 682 13. Contraband articles specified-..... 182 They may nominate curators of intestate 14. Other merchandise to be free. —-- 182 property- 15. Neutral rights at seaNicaragua, 1867 ------ ---- - 568 Free ships make free goods-.... 182 vlay be maintained at either seat of gov- Neutral property on enemy's vessel ernuent- not subject to confiscation..-....- 182 Japar, 1857.......................... 449 Neutrality extended to persons...... 182 Persia, 1856 -. —--—....-..-.. —. —-. 601 Applicability of principles.....-.- - -. 182 May travel freely in the dominions of 16. Ships' papers to be exhibitedl...-... -_ 182 either party- 17. Vessels to be furnished with passports,Japan, 1858 ------ ------ - 450 and certificates.... -.....182,183 Recall of, may be requested without preju- 18. Regulation of visits on the high seas. 183 dice to good understanding- 19. Vessels under convoy not to be exGreat Britain, 1794 --------- - 281 amined..-.. 183 They are not to employ more servants 20. Regulations in case of capture or dethan are allowed to Russians- tention -. 184 Persia, 1856.-.. —-—. —---- --—. —- 601 21. Treatment of officers, passengers, and They shall not afford asylum to Persian crews ------— _ —-- 184 subjects- —.....-. 601 22. Prize causes, adjudication of -—..... 184 Discriminating Duties, (see Reciprocal Con- 23. Privileges of prizes of either party in mercial Agreements,) the ports of the other. -... 184 special stipulations concerning, in trea- 24. Privateers of hostile powers.-.. 184 ties with- 25. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 185 France, 1822-..-......- -.. - -243 26. Consular officers, appointment and Netherlands, 1852...... -.... 545 privileges of. 185 Portugal, 1840 -.... -........ 635 Inviolability of archives..... 185 Russia, 1832. —-.. —.... ——. 669 Settlement of disputes between masSardinia, 1838. —----—.. ——.. - -. 689 ters of vessels and their crews -. 185 Sweden and Norway, 1827.. --------—. 742 Reclamation of deserters...-. 185 Two Sicilies, 1855.................-...-. 786 27. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Dominican Republic, up.-...............186 G;eneral coiwventiolm of amluity, Requisitions, how to be made.-..... 186 commeae'ree a avialti jomn Evidence of criminality required -.. 186,a-4 exadiatlaton, Fe ritary 28. Crimes for which surrender may be 9~~~9 1~~~6~~.1 ~~-~ —— 178-186 made --------------- 186 1. Peace and friendship ---—. ——. —-- 178 29. Surrender, how made -. —--------- 186 Agreement in case' of war between 30. Past or political offenses not included. 186 the parties- 31. Duration of convention-.. 186 Time allowed merchants, &c., to re- 32. Ratifications —.... - --- -- 186 move......-....... 178 Drawbacks and Bounties. (See Reciprocal ComnTheir effects not to be seized.- 178 mercial Agreements.) Passports to be given them ----—. — 178 Dues. (See Reciprocal Commercial Agreements.) Debts, &c., not to be confiscated..... 178 Duration of Treaties, ~2. Exemption from military service, Treaties declared to be perpetualforced loans, &c —. —. —---—. --- 178 Belgium, 1863, (Articles I and IV)... 56 3. Privileges of residence and business.. 179 Italy, 1871, (Article XXI).... 444 Employment of agents.-1 —......... 179 Mexico, 1848, (Article XXII)..-..500,501 Access to judicial tribunals ---...... 179 Prussia, 1799, (Articles XXIII, XXIV)..654, 655 4. Liberty of conscience... -.. 179 In all relating to peace and friendshipRiglhts of burial-179.Br.azil........... 179 -ra, 1 -,81 5. Disposal and inheritance of personal Central America, 1825.-......... 95 property. - —..-..... 179 Chili, 1832, 1833.-....104, 112 Duties same as payable by natives..- 179 Colombia, 1824.-........ 150 Property of absent heirs to be caredfor 179 Ecuador, 1839.-.-. —.-....-.... 187 INDEX rTO PUBLIC TREATIES. 837 Page. IPage. ioeDuration of Treaties-Continued. Duration of Treaties-Continued. Guatemala, 1849. —..-.- -............. 378 To continue until January 1, 1860, and to Peru-Bolivia, 1836 —......602 terminate on twelve months' notice Venezuela, 1836. —. —..-. -. 787 thereafterTreaties with no fixed periods for their Baden, 1857 -. - 37 duration- To continue until July 4,1872, after which Argentine Confederation, 1853 -----—. 15,16 notice of twelve months may be Bavaria, 1845 ------------------- - 41 given of intention to reviseBelgium, 1863. —-- --------------—. 57 Japan, 1858.-.. —---------- -------—. 449 Borneo, 1850 -. —------------- 79 To continue four yearsBrazil, 1849...-...- - - -.-. 90 Great Britain, 1815........... 292 China, 1844, 1858, 1868.116, 129, 137, 146, 147 To continue eight yearsCosta Rica, 1851, (except as to Articles France, 1800 ---- - 224 IV, V, and VI) ---------------- - 159 Sweden and Norway, 1816.. — 7........ 731 Denmark, 1830,1837.-...170,173 To continue ten yearsFrance, 1778,1782,1783,1803,1831._201,203, Prussia, 1785,1799...-.....641, 648 213,214,232,235,237,245 To continue ten years, after which notice Great Britain, 1782,1783,1794, (Articles of twelve months may be given of I to X,) 1796,1798,1802,1814,1817, intention to revise1818,1822, 1826, 1842, (in part,) 1846i, Siam 1856 ------ --—.-.... 695 1850, 1853, 1863, 1870, 1871, 1871 (in To continue twelve yearspart) -.261,264, 266, 269, 281, 282, 283, 285, France, 1788-224 287,296,297,303,308, 315, 320, Great Britain, 1794, (in part) —. —--— 269,281 322, 326,346, 348,354,355 To continue twelve years, in all relating Hnv 198 to commerce and navigationCentral America, 1825 95 Hesse Cassel, 1844- Ct. A.ri.ca 182 —. 422 Colombia, 1824 150 Honduras, 1864, (in part) -.......4'26, 430 Comba18415 aonduras, 1864, 187in p16 -4rt) 46, 42645, 430 To continue fifteen years, after which Japan, 1854, 1857, 1864 -......446, 448, 458, 459 may be renewedLow Chew, 1854-. 460 ~~may be renewed —72 Lew Chew, 1854. —-...... ----.. —-. — 460 Liberia, 1862 -461S..w..........eden, 1783Mi adragascar, 1867 ---- -. —-------------- 464 To continue twenty-eight years, but may Madagascar, 1867...........464 terminate at the end of foburteen Mexico, 1828, 1831, 1835, 1839, 1843, 1848, or twenty-one years, on twelve 1853,1868-. —..474, 475, 486,487,490,492, months' notice503, 509 503,509 Ottoman Empire, 1862. —.-.......... 585 Muscat, 1833.-........................ 528 To continue fifty yearsNassau, 1846.-. —-----—.-.. —------- 531 Morocco, 1787, 1836-.-....... 516, 521 Netherlands, 1782...-...... -.-_533,541 Terminable on noticeOttoman Empire, 1830... —.... 583 Great Britain, 1842, (Article X)-.,.'320 Paraguay, 1859 -592 Terminable on six months' noticePeru, 1841, 1856, 1862,1868...611,623, 627, 630 France, 1843,1845,1858.- ---.. —.247,248,253 Portugal, 1851-.... —-—. ——.. —-. 639 Sweden and Norway, 1860....... 742 Russia, 1824,1854, 1867...........664, 670,671 Terminable on twelve months' noticeSaxony, 1845...........- -690 France, 1869 —.. —-—. —----....... 253 Siam, 1833 -. —------—. -. —----—..- 693 Great Britain, 1827-......... 311 Spain, 1795,1802, 1819,1834, 1871 -.. 704,711, Mexico, 1861 506 712, 718,720 Russia, 1868...... —-.. —- —..... —-. 674 Texas, 1838. ——... —---------—....753,754 Terminable on six months' notice after Tripoli, 1796, 1805 —. —. —-—.. —---— 755, 758 two yearsTunis, 1797 - —.. —-- -.. —. ----......- 763 France, 1822. —-—.. ——.. —-.. —-.. 243 Two Sicilies, 1832, 1855...............771,777 Terminable on twelve months' notice after Venezuela, 1859 - - -...7...... 796.two yearsWiirtemberg, 1844 —. ——.... —----—. 809 Austria, 1848 —.... ——.. —---—. ——.. 24 To continue until twelve months' notice Netherlands, 1852. —-.,.. ---- -----—. 544 after October 20, 1828- Terminable on notice, after five yearsGreat Britain, 1827 ----------------—. 310 Great Britain, 1842, (Article VIII). —-.- 319 To continue until January 1, 1839, and to Terminable on notice given six months termilnate on twelve months' notice prior to the expiration of each fifth thereafter- yearRussia, 1832-.........-.. 666 Italy, 1868,1869 — -.....-.- 436, 438 To continue until January 1, 1858, and to Nicaragua, 1870 ----- ----- - 573 terminate on twelve months' notice Terminable on twelve months' notice after thereafter- five yearsAustria, 1856 ----------—.- ------—. 26 Italy, 1871. —-.. ——. —- -—. —--—... 439 Bavaria, 1853........... -42 Netherlands, 1855 ------- —.-....-. 546 Bremen, 1853. —. —-—.. —-. ——.. —-- 92 Terminable on twelve months' notice after Hanover, 1855. ——... —-. —-—. ——.. 396 six yearsMecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853. —-...... 472 Portugal, 1840. —-. —-.. —-—. —---—. 634 Mecklenbnrg-Strelitz-..-... 473 Terminable on twelve months' notice after Oldenburg, 1853 -.579 seven yearsPrussia and other States, 1852.- -..660, 662 Costa Rica, 1851, (Articles IV, V, and Schauimburg Lippe, 1854 --- —. —-—. 692 VI).. --..............159 Wiirtemberg, 1853 -,- -...... 810 Honduras, 1864, (Articles IV, V, and To continue until June 10, 1858, and to VI).......- -. 426 terminate on twelve months' notice Terminable on twelve months' notice after thereafter — eight years — Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847-......... 467 Dominican Republic, 1867 —........ 178 838 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Duration of Treaties —Continued. Duration of Treaties-Continued. Page. Hayti, 1864, 412 New Granada, 1846, 1850............550, 560 Mexico, 1831, (as revived by treaty of San Salvador, 1850.-............. 675 1848) -..........-..476,498 Claims commission to terminate in six Venezuela, 1860. —-—.. ——.. —. -—. 797 months from date of organizationTerminable on twelve months' notice after Peru, 1863 -628 ten years- In twelve monthsAustria, 1829, 1870, 1871-.-.....21, 28, 35 Ecuador, 1862 -196 Belgium, 1845,1858,1868......... — 48,52,62,66 New Granada, 1857 —. —------—.... —. 564 Bolivia, 1858 ------ ----- - 68 Venezuela, 1866 —.... 806 Denmark, 1826,1861 —... —..167,175 In eighteen monthsFrance,1853 —-------—. —........... 249 Mexico, 1839 -...-......... 487 Great Britain, 1854, 1862, 1863, 1870..329, 334, Duties, (See Reciprocal Commercial Agreements; 345,350 Cottons; Discriminating Duties; Hawaiian Islands, 1849............... 406 Personal Property; Real Estate,) Italy, 1868, 1869 —......432, 438 Americans to pay the usualNetherlands, 1839 -..................... 542 Algiers, 1795-...... o 1 Orange Free State, 1871........ 580 Tariff of, on imports and exportsParaguay, 1859- —.. 594 China, 1844, 1858....................124,138 Persia, 1856.......................... 599 Japan, 1858 ------------- 457 Peru, 1851, 1857... —..-...............612,625 Siam, 1856............................ 700 Sardinia, 1838 --------.-............ 684 Sweden and Norway, 1827. —. 736 Swiss Confederation, 1850. 7 — 48 Ecuador, Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855. -......772,778 Treaty of peace, friendship, Terminable on two years' notice after ten navigation and comnyears- Inerce, June 13, S39 —.- 187-195 Great Britain, 1871, (Articles XVIII to 1. Peace and friendship..... —. —--—. 187 XXV and Article XXX). - -.-.....364-366 2. Favors granted to other nations to beTerminable on notice given twelve months come common -—. —. —--- ----—. 187 prior to the expiration of each tenth 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation 187 year- Coasting trade reserved to citizens... 187 Ecuador, 1872 --—..-....... —--—. 199 Privileges to vessels built at GuayaTerminable in ten years on six months' quil.-..-......, 188 previous notice, and after that time 4. Importations in vessels of either party 188 on twelve months' notice- Equality of duties.- -... -. 188 Austria, 1870 ------------- 33 Exportations in vessels of either party 188 Baden, 1868...... —-. —--—...... 38 Bounties and drawbacks to be equal. 188 Bavaria, 1868 - ---- ------- - 44 5. Ecuadorian vessels, what shall be conBelgium, 1868 --—. —-. —--------—.. 61 sidered-.... —..... 188 Denmark, 1872 ------—.. ——...... —- 176 6. Duties on products, &c., of either Ecuador, 1872 ------------- 197 country.-.....-...-.... - -- 188 Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868..........- 423 Prohibitions to be general ---- ---—. 188 Mexico, 1868 -—. —--—.. —-------- 512 7. Management of business, &c......... 188 Morocco 1865-.......................- -- 525 8. No embargo without indemnification 189 North German Union, 1868....- - - -575 9. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge -.. 189 Sweden and Norway, 1869...........- 744 10. Captures by pirates to be restored -.. 189 Wiirttemberg, 1868................... 811 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck —.. — 189 Terminable in ten years on one years' 12. Disposal and inheritance of personal previous notice, and after that time property....... —.... 189 on twelve months' notice- Succession to personal estates -.. 189 German Empire, 1871................. — 255 Duties same as payable by natives.-. 189 Greece, 1837...-.- - -. - 373 Real estate, time allowed heirs for disTerminable on twelve months' notice after posal of......... —M-. 189 twelve years- 13. Protection of residents in person and Brunswick and Liineburg, 1854.-. 93 property. —----—..-.. -----—. 190 Hanover, 1840, 1846.. -.....387, 391 Access to judicial tribunals -------—. 190 Hanseatic Republics, 1827, 1828,1852.- _.400, 14. Security of conscience ------------ 190 403,404 Rights of burial --. —--------—... —- 190 Oldenberg, 1847. - 578 15. Neutral trade in time of war... —-... 190 Prussia, 1828: -....-.. 656 Free ships make free goods —. —. -— 190 Swiss Confederation, 1847 -..... 747 Neutrality extended to persons. —. — 190 Termin able on twelve months' notice after Applicability of stipulations...-..... 190 twelve years, in all relating to com- 16. Neutral property on enemy's vessels.. 191 merce and navigation- 17. Contraband articles specified.-. —--- 191 Brazil, 1828......-.. 89 18. Other merchandise to be free..-. 191 Chili, 1832,1833 -.. -..-...104; 112 Blockade defined..... 191 Ecuador, 1839 —.....:.....187 19. Confiscation of contraband articles... 191 Guatemala, 1849 -----—.. —--------- 378 20. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 191 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 --------—..... - 602 21. Regulation of visits at sea..-...-... 192 Venezuela, 1836. —----------—. —---- 787 22. Vessels to be furnished with passports Terminable on twelve months' notice after and certificates-1.1...... 92 fifteen years — 23. Vessels under convoy not to be exNicaragua, 1867 -566 amined...... —............ 192 Terminable on twelve months' notice aftcr 24. Prize causes, adjudication of - -...... 193 twenty years- 25. Letters of ma~rque not to be accepted. 193 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 839 Page. Page. Ecuador-Continued. P Elbe. (See Brilvshausen.) 26. Agreement in case of war............ 193 Embargo. (See Reciprocal Privileges of CitiTime allowed merchants to remove - 193 zeus, 4ec.) Safe-conduct to be furnished them.- 193 Embezzlement. (See Extradition.) Other citizens may remain -...-. 193 Emigration, 27. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 193 Taxes on abolished28. Envoys, ministers, &c..-..... 193 Bavaria, 1845....................... 41 29. Consuls and vice-consuls............ 193 Hanover, 1840... -......... 390 30. Commissions and exequaturs..-...... 194 Hesse-Cassel, 1844..- --.... 422 31. Exemptions of consular officers...... 194 Nassau, 1846. -.....-..... 531 Inviolability of archives -. —----- -- 194 Saxony, 1845 -.... — -........... 690 32. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 194 Wiirtemberg, 1844................... 809 33. Consular convention to be formed. —- 194 Laws to prevent, not derogated from34. Construction of "most favored na- Bavaria, 1845.. -......, 42 tion" clauses....-__.. 194 France, 1778...-.......... 207 35. Duration of treaty.................-. 195 Prussia, 1785, 1799,1828 -....643, 651, 660 Infringements of treaty-.. 195 Russia, 1832...669 Reprisals and declarations of war._. 195 Sweden, 1783. 723 Treaties with other nations not af- Involuntary, reprobatedfected -—................ 195 China, 1868 -. —-. ——.-. —------- 148 Ratifications- —. —.............., 195 Enemy. (See Vessels; War.) Claims convention, November Envoys. (See Diplomatic Agents.) 25, 1~62-......196, 197 Estates. (See Personal Property; Real Estate.) 1. Claims to be referred to commis- Exterritoriality, sioners -1-. —........ I-I'l 96 Jurisdiction of United States consulsAppointment of commissioners...... 196 Algiers, 1795,1815,1816.- --. —.....3, 8, 13 Vacancies, how filled............... 196 Borneo, 1850 ---- ---------- Meeting of commissioners........... 196 China, 1858..-. 136 Oath of commissioners..... 196 Japan, 1858. —....... - 452 Selection of umpire................. 196 Madagascar, 1867 -.. —------—. -. —--- 465 2. Examination of claims...-. 196 Morocco, 1787,1836. —.- -. —.......519,524 Papers to be furnished -------------- 196 Muscat, 1833. ——.-.................. 529 Awards, how determined —.- —.... 196 Ottoman Empire, 1830 ---. —---------- 584 3. Certificates of award-...... 197 Persia, 1856.........600 Payment of awards................. - 197 Siam, 1856. -—. —-—.-.. —--- ---- - -. 696 4. Termination of commission.......... 197 Tripoli, 1805.......................... 761 Record of proceedings............... 197 Tunis, 1797........................... 767 Appointment of secretary........... 197 Extradition, 5. Proceedings of commission conclusive. 197 Crimes for which fugitives from justice Claims not presented to be barred -.. 197 may be delivered up in the manner Final decisions of umpire............ 197, specified in the respective treaties6. Expenses of commission............. 197 Arson7. Ratifications -. -.-.-....-......... 197 Anhalt-Bernburg, 1852.... 661 Convention relative to natu- Anhalt-Dessau, 1852 -. —.-. —......... 661 ralization, May 6, IS72.-.197,198 Austria, 1856......................... 27 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citizens 198 Baden, 1857.-...... 37 2. Renewal of original citizenship...... 198 Bavaria, 1853.... —.... -..... 43 Renunciation of naturalization ----- 198 Bremen, 1853......................... 92 3. Intention not to return, what to be Brunswick, 1852...................... 661 deemed-.......... 198 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 186 Presumption may be rebutted. —---- 198 Ecuador, 1872 -...199 4. Liability for offenses committed be- France, 1843 -------------—. —..... 248 fore emigration...-... 198 Frankfort, — 1852.-.,...661 5. Declaration of intention, effect of.-.. 198 Great Britain, 1846....-.. 320 6. Duration of convention.............. 198 Hanover, 1855 - - - - - 396 7. Ratifications.1...,..... 98 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-....... 410 Extradition convention, June Hayti, 1864........................... 420 2, lS 2.1S -.7......199,200 Hesse, 1852........................... 661 1. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Hesse-Homburg, 1852-.. —..... 661 up -..............199 Hesse on the Rhine, 1852.. —----------— 661 Proof of criminality required..-.... 199 Italy, 1868- -..... 436 2. Crimes for which surrender may be Lippe, 1857........... -...... 661 made............................ 199 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1852.......... 472 3. Political and past offenses not in- Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 -...-. 473 cluded -2..... 00 Mexico, 1861-........... 507 4. When extradition may be deferred -.- 200 Nassau, 1852 -—. —-. —---------- 661 5. Requisitions, how made.-. 200 Nicaragua, 1870...................... 573 6. Expenses of arrest and delivery...... 200 North German Union, 1868...........575,576 7. Duration of convention.- - 2.... 00 Oldenburg, 1853. —-—.-. ---—. --- 579 Ratifications-....................... 200 Orange Free State, 1871...-.... 582 Education, Prussia, 1852 ------—. —-----—. -— 661 Privileges of public institutions of, may Reuss, elder branch, 1852...-.. 661 be enjoyed- Reuss,junior branch, 1852-...-.... 661 China, 1868..........................148 - Saxe-Altenburg, 1852-..-............ 661 Schools for, may be established and main- Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, 1852-......... 661 rained in either country- Saxe-Meiningen, 1852-.-.......... 661 China, 1868-. -..... 149 Saxe-Weimar-Eisena~ch, 1852 -......... 661 840 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES, Page. Page. E~riadition-Continued. EYxtradition- Continued. Saxony, 1852..-.... --------------- 661 Wiirtemberg, 1853 --—.-.... —------ 810 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1854- -- -- 6-. 692 Counterfeit bonds, bank-notes, seals, dies, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, 1852 ------- 661 stamps, &cSchwarzbnrg-Sondershausen, 1852. - 661 Ecuador, 1872 ---- - -...... 199 Sweden and Norway, 1860 -...-.. 743 Italy, 1868-. 437 Swiss Confederation, 1850- 751 Nicaragua, 1870. —..- -.- -.......... 573 Two Sicilies, 1855 —.............. 785 Two Sicilies, 1855 --------- - 785 Venezuela, 1860- --------- --—. —- 806 Embezzlement of public moneyWaldeck, 1852. —--—. ---—. —.. —-.- 661 Austria, 1856......................... 27 Wiirtemberg, 1853.. -.......810 Baden, 1857 — ------------- 37 Assassination- Bavaria, 1853........- 43 Dominican Republic, 1867 —-. —------ 186 Bremen, 1853.-. —-...... -92 Ecuador, 1872 -...................... 199 Hanover, 1855 396 France, 1843-...... 248 Italy, 1868-........ 437 Hayti, 1864 -........ 420 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853.-....... 472 Italy, 1868 -------—.-. —----........ 436 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 —-.... 473 Mexico, 1861,- _. - -.... _,,,, 507 IMexico, 1861 —----- - - -- — 507 Nicaragua, 1870-.573 Nicaragua, 1870- 573 Orange Free State, 1871-....-.......... 582 North German Union, 1868.....575, 576 Sweden and Norway, 1860.-.-....... 743 Oldenburg, 1853 -.......... 579 Swiss Confederation, 1850 —---------—. 751 Prussia and other states, 1852 -....661'ITwo Sicilies, 1855 785 Schaunburg-Lippe, 1854 -. —....... 692 Venezuela, 1860 -----------—.- ---—. 806 Wiirtemberg, 1853.-......... —-------- 810 Aissault with intent to commit murder- Two Sicilies, 1855-. —------—. --—..... 785 Austria, 1856 -......................... 7 Embezzlement by public officers — Baden, 1857 —------ ------ 37 Dominican Republic, 1867...-. 186 Bavaria, 1853-..... 43 Ecuador, 1872 199 Bremen, 1853. —-------- 92 France, 1843. -248 Dominican Republic, 1847 —... —-.. 186 Hayti, 1864...-.......... 420 France, 184:3 -.. -....- -.-..... 248 Italy, 1868 - 437 Great Britain, 1846 —---- -- 320 Nicaragna, 1870.- 573 Hanover, 1855 ---- -----------------—. 396 Orange Free State, 1871....... -58'2 -Hayti, 1864- - -.-....-.. 420 Sweden and Norway, 1860............. 743 Italy, 1868 —............ 436 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -—. —---—. 751 Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin, 1853 —-—. —-. 472 Two Sicilies, 1855.. ---.. 785 MIecklenbni g-Strelitz, 1853...... 473 Venezuela, 1860.-...... 806,Mexlico, 1861-......-p.,........... 507 Embezzlement by persons hired or salaNorth German Union, 1868 ----— 575,576 riedOldenburg, 1853............579 Dominican Republic, 1867-............ 186 Orange Free State, 1871-.. -582 Hayti, 1864..-... —................ 420 Prussia., &c., 1852, (see Arson for en- France, 1858. 253 meration), —661 Italy, 1868, 1869..... —. —.....437,438 Sweden and Norway, 1860..-....... 743 Nicaragua, 1870....................... 573 Swiss Confederation, 1850.. —........ 751 Orange Free State, 1871 -- 582 Two Sicilies, 1855.-.. -—.. 785 Swiss Confederation, 1850.....-. 751 Venezuela, 1860 --- - -, 806 Venezuela, 1860.-__......... 806 Burglary- Forged paper, utterance ofFrance, 1845, (as defined by treaty) _.. 199 Bavaria, 1853.-43 Italy, 1868, (as defined by treaty). ——. 437 Bremen, 185:3-............ 92 Mlexico, 1861. —-- 507 Ecuador, 1872 199 Nicaragua, 1870-........ 573 France, 1858 ---------- 253 Sweden and Norway, 1860. ——.. —. — 743 Great Britain, 1846 -------- - 320 Counterfeit money, fabrication or circu- Hanover, 1855 --------------- 396 lation of- Hawaiian Islands, 1849 410 Austria, 1856. --....... 27 Hayti, 1864_.- 420 Baden, 1857 -..........37 Italy, 1868. —- ---------—.. —-—. - 437 Bavaria, 1853 -----. —-------- - 43 Mecklenbnurg-Schweri ni, 1853.......... 472 Bremen, 1853 —--------- - 92 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853. —........ 473 Dominican Republic, 1867 -.... 186 Mexico, 1861 —------- --------- 507 Ecuador, 1872 199 Nicaragua, 1870 ---------- - 573 France, 1858 -------------—. — --—.... 253 North German Union, 1868.. —......575,576 Hanover, 1855........................ 396 Oldenburg, 1853 579 Hayti, 1864........................... 420 Orange Free State, 1871 -. ——. ——. — - 582 Italy, 1868.. -..... 437 Prussia and other states, 1852.-.. 661 Mccklenbnrg-Schwerin, 1853......... 472 Swiss Confederation, 1850- - -.-... 751 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 —--------—. 473 ForgeryMexico, 1861, (introduction or making Austria, 1856....-.....27 instruments for the fabrication of). 507 Baden, 18,57.....-. 37 Nicaragua, 1870.,.... -573 Bavaria, 1853. -....... 43 North German Union, 1868. -.-. —. —-575, 576 Bremen, 18.53 92 Oldenburg, 1853 ---------—.. ——. -—. 579 Dominican Republic, 1867 ---------—. 186 Prussia and other states, 1852.-661...., 661 Ecuador, 1872 -199 Schanmburg-ipp e, 1854 - -.692..... 69'2 France, 1843, 185'8-..........248, 253 Sweden and Norway, 1860 - - 7....... 743 Great Britain, 1794, 18462..8..........21, 320 Two Sicilies, 1855-.................. 785 Hanover, 1855.-....................... 396 Venezuela, 1860... —....... 80,6 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -. - -.. -..... 410 INDEX TO PUBLIC TRIEATIES. 841 Page. Page. Exlr'aditio-n-Continue d. P Extradition —Con tinued. HTayti, 1864. —---....... 420 Nicaragua, 1870.... ——... —. —-------- 573 Italy, 1868 --—..-..... 437 Orange Free State, 1871 -. -..... 582 Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin, 1853. —------- 472 Sweden and Norway, 1860..-. —---—. 743 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853. —.. —----- 473 Swiss Confederation, 1850 --------. —-- 751 Mexico, 1861..... 507 Two Sicilies, 1855 —-. —-.-. —-—. —--- 785 Nicaragua, 1870 -.........573 Venezuela, 1860. -.... 806 North German Union, 1868. 575, 576 PiracyOldenburg, 1853 ----—.. —.. ——. —--- 579 Austria, 1856. —... —... —... —------- 27 Orange Free State, 1871-....... 582 Baden, 187 ------- -377 Prussia and other states, 1852.-.. 661 Bavaria, 1853 --- ---- ---- 43 Sweden and Norway, 1860- -..... 743 Bremen, 1853 -..- -.... —-...-......... 92 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -..... 751 Dominican Republic, 1867 -—. —-. ——. 186 Schanmburg-Lippe, 1854 -...-.. 692 Ecuador, 1872.- -—. —.. —.. —-—. 199 Wiirtemberg, 1853 -----—.-.. —. —-—. 810 Great Britain, 1846 -------- - 320 Two Sicilies, 1855-.7...... 85 Hanover, 1855. —. —... ——..... —- - 396 Venezuela, 1860 —--- ---—. 806 Hawaiian Islands, 1849..-.. 410 Infanticide- Hayti, 1864 - ------ ---—. —.. —--- 420 Dominican Republic, 1867....... 186 Italy, 1868 -—....... —-. —-—... —. 436 Ecuador, 1872 --—.. —-.. ——.-. — ---- 199 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853.-. —----- 472 France, 1843-2.......... 248 Mlecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 --—... —-. 473 Hayti, 1864 ----—. —-----—.. ——. —- 420 Mexico, 1861.-507 It-aly, 1868 -—.. --—.. —----—. ——. 436 Nicaragua, 1870.. 573 Mexico, 1861 ------- 507 North German Union, 1868. ——. —--— 575, 576 Nicaraguna, 1870-...... 573 Oldenburg, 1853 ----------- ---- 579 Orange Free State, 1871 --—. —-. —-—. 582 Orange Free State, 1871 -—. —-------- 582 Sweden and Norway, 1860 ---—... —-. 743 Prussia and other states...-... 661 Swiss Confederation, 1850- 751 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1854.-....692 Two Sicilies, 1855-...-.. 785 Sweden and Norway, 1860- 7.... 743 Venezuela, 1860. —------------ -------- 806 Swiss Confederation, 1850. —-.7. —---- 751 Kidnapping- Two Sicilies, 1855. —-------—.-. ——.- 785 Mexico, 1861-.. —-.. ——. —---------- 507 Venezuela, 1860. ——.... —.. —- ------- 06 Larceny of cattle or other goods and Wiirtemberg, 1853.... 810 chattels of the value of $25, and Poisoningmore- Dominican Republic, 1867..1.. 1 86 Mexico, 1861. -..-..-... 507 Ecuador, 1872............ 199 Mutiny- France, 1843 248 Ecuador, 1872 -—.. —........ —------ 199 Hayti, 1864..-......... 420 Italy, 1868. — -...... 436 Italy, 1868. -.. 435 Nicaragua, 1870. —--- -—.. —-----—. 573 Mexico, 1861.-............. 507 Sweden and Norway, 1800. -.. 743 Nicaragua, 1870. 573 Murder- Orange Free State, 1871 —.. —---—. —- 582 Austria, 1856......-.. 27 Sweden and Norway, 1860........ 743 Baden, 1857 I-..-................. 37 Swiss Confederation, 1850 —-- -- 751 Bavaria, 1853 ------------- 43 Two Sicilies, 1855. 785 Bremen, 1853. —--—. —-.... —-—.- 92 Venezuela, 1860 —. —. —-- --------- 806 Dominican Republic, 1867.. —---- -. --- 186 RapeEcuador, 1872 —. ——. —. —......... 199 Dominican Republic, 1867 --—. —---- 186 France, 1843. —. —.. —-.. —---------- 248 Ecuador, 1872.-. 199 Great Britain, 1794, 1841...-..281, 320 France, 18432 -.-.... —2 —--------- 948 Hanover, 1855 ----------------------- 396 Hayti, 1864 -.-... —-—..... —-—. — 420 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 --------------- 410 Italy, 1868 —------------- - 436 Hayti, 1864........ 420 Mexico, 1861..-2......... 507 Italy, 1868. —.-..-....-.......... —- 436 Nicaragua, 1870 57:3 Mecklenberg-Schwerin, 1853-472..... 472 Orange Free State, 1871 -............ 582 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 —.... --- 473 Sweden and Norway, 1860 —----- 743 Mexico, 1861 --—.-.. —-------—. —---- 507 Swiss Confederation, 1850. -.. 751 Nicaragua, 1870 -------------—. —-—. 573 Two Sicilies, 1855-...... 785 North German Union, 1868..-...575, 576 Venezuela, 1860...-.. 806 Oldenburg, 1853.. —-—. —-. — —.- - 579 RobberyOrange Free State, 1871-...... 582 Austria, 1856 ------ 97 Prussia and other states, 1852 --—. —-.- 661 Baden, 1857.-........ 37 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1854.............. 692 Bavaria, 1853 —---------- -- 43 Sweden and Norway, 1860 ------. —--- 743 Bremen, 1853 92 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -... -. 751 Dominican Republic, 1867, (as defined Two Sicilies, 1855....... 785 by trbaty) ------—.....186 Venezuela, 1860-........ 806 Ecuador, 1872, (as defined by treaty).. 199 Wiirtemberg, 1853..-..8..... 810 France, 1845, (as defined by treaty) -.-. 248 Mutilation- Great Britain, 1846....-.. 320 Mexico, 1831-... 507 Hanover, 1855.9.6..... Parricide- Hawaiian Islands, 1849...... 410 Dominican Republic, 1867. —----—. 186 Hayti, 1864 420 Ecuad-or, 1872.-...- -—. —-. -. -.-. 1T99 Italy, 1868-.-J....... 437 France, 1843..........................-248 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853..-4.....72 Hayti, 1864-........ 420 Meckleuburg-Strelitz, 1853 -........... 473 Italy, 1868.-.............. 436 Mexico, 1861...-........ 597 Mexico, 1861-......-......... 507 Nicaragua, 1870 -. - 5.73.......... 573 842 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. x tradihtion —Conti nued. Extradition-Continued. North German Union, 1868...........-575,576 which extradition is demandedOldeuburg, 1853 -....... -... -579 Ecuador, 1872 --—......... — --------. 200 Orange Free State, 1871, (as defined by Surrendered persons not to be tried for treaty). ——.-........... 582 previous ordinary offensesPrussia, and other states, 1852... —-.... 661 Italy, 1868-.. ----- 437 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1854.............. 692 Nicaragua, 1870 —..........- -.. 574 Sweden and NorwayA,, 1860 ~ —... 743 Citizens of the country on which the deSwiss Confederation, 1850, (as defined mand is made are not to be given by treaty)..- - - -......... —-. — 751 pTwo Sicilies, 1855, (as defined by ustri, 1856-27 treaty).......................... 785 Asra 862 treaty) - - - - 785 Baden, 1857 38 Venezuela, 1860, (as defined by treaty). 806 Bavari, 1853 - 43 Wirteberg, 1853 —810 Bavaremenia, 1853........................ 439 Vol qualifie- r 185 --- 397 Franc,184 --------------------- 248Hanover, 1855........................ 397 France, 1845 -- 248 Hayti, 1864 -- 421 Expenses of extradition are to be borne Mecklenb6rg-Schwerin, 1853 --—.. 472 by the party making the dermand- Mecklenburg-Schwerit, 1853...-..... 472 Austria,, 1856 27 ~~~~~Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853 ------------ 472 Austria, 1856 7 27 Mexico, 1861. 508 ~~~-Baden —, 185-57-38 North German Union, 1868 57.....575, 576 Bavaria, 1853... —...... —.......... 43 Oldenburg, 1853..-..-....... 579 Bremen, 1853 9..................... —Brmenca 1853 — ic,18692 16 Prussia and other states, 1852.-.... 662 Dominican R7 —--— ep —blic, 1867 —- --- 0186 Sweden and Norway, 1860..,..... 743 Ecuador, 1872- 200 Two Sicilies, 1855 - - - 785 France, 1843......................... 248 Great Britain, 1794,1841.............281, Extradition may be deferred till after Great ritain 1794,1841 -281,320 Hanover, 1855 - ---- 397 punishment or acquittal for local Hawaiian Islands, 1849.. 410...... 410 Hayti, 1864 -—.~ —-------- -------- 421 Austria, 1856 -27 Italy, 1868.............. 437 Baden, 1857.....38 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853 - -. 472 Bavria, 1853 244 Mecklenburg-Strelitz6 1853.-..... 473 remn, 183 --- 92 Mexico, 1861-...-....508.Ecuador,182- - 200 Nicara-ua, 1870Hanover,....................... 397 577 Mtnover, 1855........................... 397 North German Union, 1868..- - 575,576 Italy, 1868- -S 43i15.. 47 Oldenburg, 1853...........;.......... 579 ---- Oldenburg, 1853 -- 579 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1853 -4... 4'72 Orange Free State, 1871- - - 582 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1853-........'73 Prnssia and other states, 1852 -........ 661 Nicaragna, 1870-.....................-574 Schaumburg-Lippe, 1854 - - - 692 North German Union, 1868 ----------- 575,576 Sweden and Norway, 1860 —---------— e 743 Oldenburg, 1853............ 579 Swiss Confederation, 1850 ~..- - - - 752 Prussia and other states, 18526........ 662 Sws ofdrto,10072Schaumburg-L~ippe, 1854.............. 692 Two Sicilies, 1855 b............. 5rg-Lippe, 154692 Venezuela, 1860....... -...... 806 Sweden and Norway, 1860......... 744 Wiirtcmberg, 1853 -................... 810 Wiirtemberg, 1853 1................... 810 iExtradition willuot be granted for polit- Treaties of, not affected by subsequent ical offenses- treaties respecting naturalizationAustria, 1856 27 o Austria, 1870-34...... 6 — Baden, 185738 Baden,1868.....................39 Dominican Republic, 1867.-186....-so. 16 Bavaria, 1868 -..... 465 France, 1843....................... 248 Swe orhdemn and orwa, 1860..........., 744 flayti, 1854.................... 421 4fe1 B~~~F. Italy, 1868-3...................... 437 Mexico, 1861. - - 508 Nicatraguai1i70 -o-n574 Flavored nation clause, (see Consuls; DeleoOrAnge Free State, 18715........82 matic Agents;.Real E state; ReciproSweden and Norway, 186057.... —. -- 44 cal Conercial Agraeements; RecipSwominicand NRwayli, 1860........ 744 B oavaPrivileges......................S4 Swiss Confederation, 1850. —.... - 752 oca0 Privileges ofGCitiens, 4-c.; Sh.ps Two Sicilies, 1855 -....... 785 of.War.) Venezuela, 1860. — 806 Explanations of clause in treaties withNor for offenses committed before the Bolivia, 1858 - 68 treaty- Ecuador, 1839-194 Austria, 1856- 27 Ships of France to be on the most favored Dominican Republic, 1867- 186 footing in ports of LouisianaFrance, 1843 --...-. 248 France, 1803.. —---—. —-—. —-—.-. -234 Hayti, 1864 421 Citizens of United States to have all.furMexico, 1861................... 508 ther privileges of commnerce, &c, Orange Free State, 1871. -582 granted to any nationSwiss Confederation, 1850-752 Denmark, 1857 174 Venezuela, 1860....... --—. —-. 806 Commelce of the United States to beon Nor for offenses committed by slaves- the most favored basisMexico, 1861 --......... -508 China, 1858- p l o c m c136 Fugitive slaves not to be surrendered — Morocco, 1787, 1836-.-.....-.518,523 Mexico, 1861-... —.. —..-....... 508 Muscat, 1833 -.. 52.8 Surrendeled persons not to be tried for Ottoman Empire, 1862.....-.-... 585 offenuses committed prior to that for Siam, 1 856- 698 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 843 Page. Page. Favored nation clause-Continued. France-Continued. Goods imported in American vessels to 10. French fisheries in Newfoundland pay the same duties as goods im- not to be disturbed.-.......... 206 ported in vessels of the most fa- 11. Droit d'aubaine, &c., abolished....206, 207 vored nation — Right of disposal and inheritance of Japan, 1858........................... 452 property 207 Muscat, 1833......................... 528 Natnurlization not required - 2... ~ 207 Ferroe Islands, Exemption of.heirs from duties of Treaty stipulations not applicable to- detraction, &c 207 Denmark, 1826....................... 168 12. Vessels making for an enenmy's port to Fisheries, exhibit passports, &c -. - v e v 207 Treaty stipulations not applicable to- 13. Proceedings when contraband found Belgium, 1845,1858.................. 50, 53 on board......................... 207 Netherlands, 1852.................. 545 14. Confiscation of goods found in enemy's Two Sicilies, 1855.. 782 vessel..........................207, 208 Provisions respecting, in treaties with- 15. Damages by ships of war and privaFrance, 1778, 1800 - --.205, 206,231,232 teers - 208 Great Britain, 1782, 1783, 1818, 1854, 16. Captures by pirates to be restored. 208 1871........262, 267,298, 330, 331,362, 363 17. Ships of war may bring prizes into Russia, 1824.......................... 664 ports of either party. -. 208 Florida, Not to pay duties. ---.-e ——. 208 Treaty for cession of- Prizes not to be seized or searched.. 208 Spain, 1819.. -713 May depart at will-. — -- 208 Forced Loans. (See Reciprocal privileges of Citi- Commanders to exhibit commissions 208 zens, 4-c.) No shelter to be given to captors of Forged Papers. (See Extradition.) prizes taken from either party -. — 208 Forgery. (See Extradition.) 18. Assistance in case of shipwreck..... 208 trance, 19. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge-... 209 Treaty of alliance, February 6, 20. Agreement in case of war between 177S8..-2..........01-203 the parties.. —-------. —-------- 209 1. War with Great Britain to be a com- Time allowed merchants to remove - 209 monl cause....................... 201 Indemnity for damages -...... O.. 209 2. Independence of the United States 21. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 209 the object of the alliance —. —-. 201 22. Hostile privateers not to fit out in 3. Both parties to make every effort to ports of either party.. 209 attain that end-..... —-----—. 201 Nor to sell their vessels or lading -.. -209 4. Concurrence in enterprises.......... 202 Nor to purchase provisions, except, 5. Conquests that shall belong to the &c -_- - - - - 209 United States.................... 202 23. Neutral trade in time of war..........209, 210 6. Relinquishment by France of claims Free ships make free goods -........ 210 to the Bermudas, &c-...... 202 Neutrality extended to persons.... 210 7. Conquests that shall belong to France 202 24. Contraband of war.. 210 8. Neither party to conclude peace with- Goods not contraband. - 210 out consent of the other --------- 202 25. Sea-letters or passports............. 210 Nor lay down their arms until the Certificates of cargo................ 211 independence of the United States 26. Vessels coming upon coasts or enterassured.......................... 202 ing ports, how treated............ 211 9. No claim for compensation after the 27. Regulation of visits at sea....- 211 war.-.............. 02 28. No search after goods are put on board 10. Admission of other powers to the except on proof, &c.-..... 211 alliance...... -...... 202 29. Consular officers, admission of....... 211 11. Mutual guaranty of possessions, sov- 30. Free ports in French dominions --— 211, 212 ereignty, &c....................202, 203 31. Ratifications...........'. 212 12. When guaranty to commence. —--—. 203 Form of passports and sea-letters. -212, 213 13. Ratifications.. -..203 Act separate and secret, FebTreaty of amity and corn- uary 6, tt.S -............... 213 mnerce, February 6, 1L77.203-213 Declaration of King of France... 213 1. Peace and friendship............... ——. ----- 204 Right reserved to King of Spain to 2. Favors granted to other nations to accede to previous treaties........ 213 become common-. 204 He may propose other conditions 3. Privileges of French citizens in the analogous, &cG.. -- -213 United States.................... -204 Acceptance of declaratibn by deputies 4. Privileges of citizens of the United of the United States -. 213 States in dominions of France ---- 204 Contract Drelative to payment of 5. Particular exception as to tonnage loans, July 16, 17S2..-.214-217 duties.-... —-- —....... —- —. 205 1. Amount of loans certified to-. -... 214 6. France to protect vessels of the United Items specified.....................214, 215 States.... —-..... —--- 205 Sum to bear interest. —2........ -. -215 To restore them when captured...... 205 2. Repayment by i nstall ments.-.. 215 To convoy them in certain cases..... 205 3. Abatement of accrued interest..- - -. 215 7. United States to protect French ves- 4. Interest to diminish in proportion to sels..... 205 payments-...... 215 8. Interposition of King of France with 5. Loan made by France in Holland the Barbary Powers...-.. 205 acknowledgecl to be for United 9. Subjects or citizens of either party States -............. 215 not to fish in dominions of the Receipt of amount by United States other-................... 205 a.cknowlecdgecd.................. 216 844 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. I'a,-nce-Continued. France —Conti ni ud. 6. Agreement of repayment made by 7. Disposal of real and personalproperty. 2'26 King of Franco-.-2....-2. -- -...-. 216 Succession to estates —------ 226 7. United States to re-imburse amount Naturalization not required. —------ 2?26 with interest- 2........ 516 Exemption from succession duties - -- 226 Payment of sum in installments -.. 216 Laws to prevent emigration not dero8. King of France assumes exp-enses of gated from....-......... 226 comnnissions, &c ----------------- 216 8. Agreement in case of war between the 9. Payment of interest by United States. 216 partiesRatifications -------—.. —-—. —--- 216 Time allowed merchants, &c., to reCo t et rCelative to new loaa, move -. 226,227 lFebraary 25, 1~3 ---....217-219 Their effects not to be seized.-. 227 1. Amount and terms of loan.-... 218 Safe conduct to be given theum ------ 227 2. Recapitulation of former loans.-..... 218 Satisfaction for damages —......-.- 227 Grutuitous gifts con-firmed -........ 218 9. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated... 227 3. Repayment of new loan. -- 218 10. Commercial agents, appointment of. 227 4. Rate of interest payable -... 219 Commissions and exequaturs —...... 227 Rebate of accrued interest acknowl- Rights and prerogatives —---- - 227 edged --------------------------- 219 11. Equality of duties 2.27......'7 5. Interest to diminish in proportion to Privileges of trade.. -..... 227 payments 219 12. Neutral trade in time of war 227 6. Ratifications........... 219 Blockaded ports, regulations at. —--- 228 Consular convenntion, Novema ber 13. Contraband of' war -228 14, l 2.'19-224 Vessel and goods, not contraband, ex1. Consular officers to present commis- empt ifrom confiscation -- -— 228 sions.. --—.. —------------------ 220 14. Free ships make free goods..-....... 228 To receive exequaturs-...... 2520 Neutrality extended to persons. —-- 228 Exercise of functions.-.. 220 15. Confiscation of goods on enemy's 2. Privileges and immunities...........- 220 vessel. —..... —... 228 3. Consular agents, appointment of -.. 220 16. Vessels bound to an enemry's port to Their power and duties.220... exhibit passports, &e.-.. —.- -..... 229 4. Consuls, &c., may establish a chan- 17. Passports and certificates to be furcery............................. 220.nished neutral vessels.-22 ——.-. - 219 5. May receive declarations, testaments, Proceedings when contraband, found &c 221 on board. 229 Certified copies to have faith in law-. 221 18. Regulation of visits at sea —...-.. -— 2219 Administration of intestate estates. 221 19. Ships under convoy.-...... 229 Notification of deaths- -........ 221 20. Regulation in case of capture-. 230 6. Protests and reports of losses at sea - 221 21. Treatment of officers, passengers, and Settlement of damages and average. - 221 crew-...............230 7. Powers and duties in case of ship- 22. Prize causes, adjudication of-.... 230 wreck-.2.........221,222 23. Reparation for damages by ships of 8. Jurisdiction of vessels and disputes.. 222 war, &c.. —......... 230 9. Reclamation of deserters --------- 222 Commanders, of privateers to give 10. Citizens amenable for crime to the security —-.. —.. —-----—. —----.. 231 judges of' the country.- - -... - —. 223 24. Sbips of war and prizes in ports..-. 231 11. Proceedings when offenders withdraw 25. Hostile privateers not to fit out in the on board their vessels.. —----- --- 223 ports of either party -...-231 1t2. Arbitration of disputes between citi- Nor sell their prizes, &c. —......... 231 zeus - - - - -- -223 26. Pirates to be prohibited from entering Between masters of vessels and their ports -231 crews ----— 2-........... —---—.. 23 Captures by pirates to be restored... 231 13. Commercial tribunals -. 22..... f3 27. Rights of fisheries on coast of New14. Exemption of residents from personal foundland, &c., not to be disturbed 231, 232 service ---—. —..-...... —-.- 223 Whale and seal fisheries to be ifree.... 232 15. Consular favors granted to other na- Ratifications-...2... 232 tions to become common ------—. 224 Duration of convention -...... 232 16. Duration of convention -224 TreIaty fore me cessioni of LoluiRatifications —----------------- 224 sianag Ai]al 3a A9 3, iS. 3-..5232-235 conivea tioaa of peace, comanmimen'ce 1. Statement of the retrocession of Louianad navigatio, SCeptenm- siana by Spain to France --.. —--- 233 bea' 30, 09 ---—. —-----— 224-232 Cessionto the JUnited States -------- 233 1. Peace and friendship.-22 —-...... —-- 225 2. Islands, &c., included in cession..-.. 233 2. Suspension of treaties of 1778 and 1788 225 3. Rights of inhabitants of ceded terri3. Captured public ships to be restored. 225 tory.......-.. 233 4. Captured property not definitively Admission to citizenship ---........ 233 condemned to be restored -----—.- 225 Protection in liberty, property, &c. - - 233 Proof with respect to merchant-yes- 4. Commissary of France to make desels -2....... 25 livery to the United States-2.....- 033 Form of passport ------------------- 225 5. Commissaries of the United States to Proof with respect to cargo —--- 22'- receive possession ---- --- - 233 When this article shdall take effect -.-.- 296 French and Spanish troops to be with5. Paymeut of debts by individuals -..... 26 drawn -".-...... 233 6. Freedom of commerce-2......... 226 6. Execution of Indian treaties -.-...... 234 Treatment of vessels and prizes 226 7. Exclusive privileges of French and Port privileges of commerce and iavi- Spanish vessels in port of Nen Orgation -2...6.................. 234 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 845 Page. Page. France-Continued. France-Continued. Duration of exclusive privileges-.O- 234 5. Tonnage duties, light-money, &c -.-. 244 8. Footino- of French vessels after ex- 6. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 244 piration of period................. 234 7. Duration of convention.-. 244 9. Particular conventions approved —.. 234 Diminution of extra duties, when.. 244 10. Ratifications. —.. —-—.......... -- 234 8. Ratifications... —... -..- - - -... 244 Co0nvenltionA for ]tayaiieX t of Separate article60,90090@0'alncs to Prior duties to be refucnded.. 245 France, A pri 3,9 1 ~03 -.235, 236 Conveintion reinat ve to claims, 1. Engagement of the United States.... 235 and to d:enties oQn wines 2. A stock to be created --------------- 235 arnd cottos..-.-_-:........ 245-248 Terms of paylment of principal and 1. Indemnity to American citizens -.. 245 interest.. - - 235 Sumn to be paid by France. —.. —-. 245 Sale of stock in Europe............. 236 Distribution by the United States.. — - 245 3. Value of the dollar of the United 2. Method of payment by France.-.. 245 States -. 2... 236 3. Indemnity to the French government; 246 Ratifications.. 236 Sum to be paid by the United States. 246 Convention for payme-nt of Distribution by the French governsums due by FnBance to ment.-... 246 cfltizens of tne United 4. Method of payment by the United States,, 1Aprl 3@9... 2'236,242 States.-.. —--.. —-------- 246 1. Debts due by France to citizens of the 5. Unadjusted claims, prosecution of.... 246 United States to be paid -....... 236 6. Documents to be mutually furnished. 246 Interest, rate and commencement of.. 236 7. Duties on French wines reduced ----- 246 2. Retference to conjectural note........ 236 Reclamations under Article VIII,. Amount of the debts provided for.... 236 treaty of Louisiana, abandoned... 247 What claims shall not be allowed.... 236 Duties on long-staple cottons estab3. ilethod of payment -.-..- —.-. —-—. 237 lished. —-—............ -------—........... 247 4. What debts are comprehended by the 8. Ratifications- 2........... 247 preceding articles................ 237 ExtraLdf lit n eonsvenrtiono Novema5. To what cases the articles apply- 237 ber 9, [8d................. 247,248 What cases are not comprehended-.. 237 1.: Fugitives from justice to be delivered 6. Investigation of claims.. 237 1up11 ---- ---- 2.. --.. -247 Appointment of commissioners.-..... 237 Requisitions, how -made............. 247 Examination of accounts of liquidated Evidence of criminality required -.. 247 claims. 237 2. Crimes for which surrender may be Certification of debts due and paya- nmade. —..-. --------—. 248 ble.-......-.. 237 3. Surrender, how made.........-...... 248 7. Examination of claims prepared for 4. Expenses of detention and delivery.. 248 verification....................... 227 5. Past and political offenses not included 248 Certification of those which ought to 6. Duration of convention.-.. 248 be admittedcl. 237 Ratifications................... —--- 248 8. Examination af claims not prepared Additional alrtle, i iFe,'bruary 24l for liquidation.-.... —. 238 5 --------.................. — 248, 249 Certification of those which ought to Additional crimes for which extradibe admitted to liquidation........ 238 tion may be made. ——....... 248 9. Discharge of admitted debts. —. 238 Ratifications................... 249 10. Agent of United States to assist in ex- Second addl ional article Fea-mination of claims...............238 ary 1.............. 253 Agent to report to American miniu:ter. 238 Additional crimes for which persons American minister to report to may be surrendered -—.... 253 treasury of France.-2.......... 238 Coansular cnav toeniioa, February Effect of rejection of claims- - 2.... 238 239 1~-2........ 249-253 11. Decisions, when to be made.- ------- 238 1. Consular officers to be received and 12. Claims not comprised in convention, recognized............... 249 prosecution of.-................. 238 Commissions and exequaturs.-....... —. 249 13. Ratifications-................ 238 Withdrawal of exequaturs.-...-.. 249 General table of American claims- 2. Privileges and immunities-..249,2 50 1. Debts recognized by the commission Liability when engaging in conmof intermediate accounting.-. 2.-. 239 merce.....-.-.................. 250 2. Debts to be adjusted reports on which Flags, and aims and inscriptions.... —- 250 have been submitted for approval Depositions in judicial proceedings.. 250 of a special director....240 Consular pupils..................... 250 3. Debts to be adjusted the examination Acting consular officers..-.. — -. 250 of which has not yet been made.-241 242 3. Offices and dwellings, inviolability of 250 Convenation of navigation- an d Not to be used as places of asylum... 250 connae~rce, June 249 Inviolability of archives.......... 250:2 ------------—. ---—. —- 243-245 4. Complaints to local or national author1. Additional duties on American prod- ities......-.... —. —-----. —---- 250 unets imported into France in vessels 5. Vice-consuls and consular agents.... 2)50 of the United States 243 6. Protests and declarations...... 250 2. On French products imported into the Verificationl of papers -... 251 United States in vessels of France. 243 Copies to be evidence-2.51... 251 3. No discriminating duty on products 7. Acquiremluent by citizens of real and imported for transit or re-exporta- personal property.-............... 251 tion... -..........____.. 243 Disposal by will or otherwi se....... -- -. 25L 4. Ton of merchandise, definition of... 243 Taxes payable same as by natives -.. 251 846 INI)EX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. FriancesCon ~itned. German Empire-Continued. Recommendation to be made by Presi- 15. Damages at sea, settlement of -.. 259 dent of United States.. --... —. 251 16. Salvage, proceedings relative to...... 259 8. Jurisdiction of consular officers over 17. Protection of trade-marks. - -. - - -..... 259 vessels of their nation -........... - 251 18. Duration of convention............. 260 Settlement of disputes between nmas- Ratifications. 260 ters and crews. ——........ 251 ProtocolAssistance of local authorities.-.. 251 Definition of word "property" in Ar9. Reclamation bf deserters-2.. -....251,252 ticles III and IX --------------—.- 260 10. Damages at sea, settlement of-... 252 Article X applies to females.-..-.. — 260 11. Proceedings relative to salvage --—.. 252 Germanic Confederation, 12. Further privileges of consuls -------- 252 States of; may accede to treaty of com13. Duration of convention. —......... - 253 merceRatifications -... 253 Hanover, 1846 -..... —-........... 395 Trade-mnarks convention, April May accede to extradition convention169 I, 69 -..16...... 253,254 Bavaria, 1853... —-- -------- 43 1. Protection to trade-marks ---------- 254 Prussia, 1852............... 662 Judicial proceedings -.... —.. 254 GilaRve Duration of exclusive privileges..... 254GiaRvr Duration of exclusive privilegfes - 25.~ ~Ti4 Free navigation of —Mexico, 1848........ 495 When trade- mark becomes public properf,,,,.,ty-.,, 254 Good Offices, 2. Deposit of duplicate copies,,.-. - 254 United States to exercise, in favor of 3. Duration of convention....... 254 China........... - 129 ~4.~ Ratifications —,,,,, 254 ~President to exercise, in favor of Japan 450 Freedwm of Comnmerce. (See Recirocal Commer- Consuls may exercise, in favor of other natcial Agreements.) tions, hnFree Navigation. (See NJavigation.) New Granada, 1850.. —--------- 562 FIree _a n(SPoreNvgtots, nParties to exercise, in reference to interGrant of, to United States — Gr~a~nt of, to United Stat~es — oceanic canal —Great Britain, 1850. 324 France, 1778-............. 211 Great Britain, establishment of, on interoceanic routes- Provisional articles of peace, Great Britain, 1850........- -.... 323 November 30, 17S2 —......261-264 Honduras, 1864..-... —.... 430 1. Independence of the United States. - 261 Mexico, 1853 ------------- 506 2. Boundaries......................... 261 Nicaragua, 1867....................... 570 3. Fisheries........................... 262 Free Ships. (See Neutral Vessels.) 4. Recovery of debts —...-............... 262 5. Restitution of confiscated estates._ 262 G. 6. No further confiscations -..... 263 7. Peace established.-2-. —-. 2 63 German Empire, (see North German Union; Hostilities to cease.-.. 263 Prussia,) Prisoners to be set at liberty..... - 263 Consular and trade-marks coln- British armies to be withdrawn.-~. 263 ventlon, December ]11, Records, &c., to be restored........ -263 1St1.. —2... — --—.. —------- -255-260 8. Navigation of the Mississippi River. 263 1. Consular officers to be received and 9. Subsequent conquests to be restored. 263 recognized- 255 Separate article — 2. Commissions and exequaturs........ 255 West Florida, northern boundary of.. 264 Withdrawal of exequaturs. -' - 255 Armistice, January 20, 17S3 -—.264,265 3. Privileges and immunities —-. —.. — 255,256 Declaration of the British plenipotenLiability when engaging in com- tiary. 264 merce............................ 256 Declaration of the American plenipoten4. Flags, and arms and inscriptions - - -. 256 tiaries.. -. -- -. 265 5. Inviolability of archives...- -.....2. 256 Copy of first and twenty-second prelimOffices and dwellings, inviolability of 256 inary articles between France and Not to be used as places of asylum... 256 Great Britain.. - -....... 265 6. Acting consular officers...... 256 Definitive treaty of peace, Sep7. Vice-consuls and consular agents.-. 256 temnber 3, 1783. —. - -.....266-669 S. Application to local or national author- 1. Independence of the United States - -. 266 ities-............................. 257 2. Boundaries -. —-.. ------. ——... —.266, 267 9. Depositions --—.-.. —------. —-- -- 257 3. Fisheries -------- - 267 Verification of papers. -..... 257 4. Recovery of debts...-..- - -....-.. - 267 Copies to be evidence............... 257 5. Restitution of confiscated estates -.-. 268 10. Residents dying intestate...-...` 257 6. No further confiscations... —-......... -- 268 Information to be forwarded....- -... 257 7. Peace established...... —- - 268 Consuls, &c., to represent absent cred- Hostilities to cease. —----—.. ——... 268 itors and heirs...... 257 Prisoners to be set at liberty.. —----- 268 Succession duties -........... —----- 257 British armies to be withdrawn. -.- -. 268 11. Effects of deceased sailors or passen- Records, &c., to be restored -......... 268 gers 2 57 8. Navigation of the Mississippi River. 268 12. Jurisdiction of c6nsular officers over 9. Subsequent coiquests tobe restored.. 269 vessels of their country —........ 258 10. Ratifications.-. —-----—.. —------ 269 Assistance to officers and crews...... 258 Treaty of amity, commeree, and 13. Settlement of differences between mas- n~avigRion, Novenmber 19, ters and crews.......... - - - 258 1794- 269-'285 Assistance of local authorities-.... 258 1. Peace and friendship —- - 269 14. Reclamation of deserters from yes- 2. Withdrawal of British troops -. —— 2. 270 sels.........................-. 258,259 1 When evacuation to take place..-... 270 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 847 Page. Page, Great Blritain-Continued. Great Britain-Continued. Extension of settlements of United 22. Reprisals not authorized-.....2..... 279 States.............. 270 23. Ships of war, treatment of —........ 280 Privileges of settlers and traders ---- 270 Asylum to American vessels in disElection of citizenship —... —. —--- 270 tress-_ 280 3. Inland navigation and trade ------- 270 24. Foreign privateers, restrictions upon. 280 Navigation of the Mississippi River.- 270 25. Privileges of prizes in ports.. -.... 280 Equality of duties on imports and ex- No shelter to prizes taken from either ports —----- ---—.... 270,'271 party -2 80 Indian trade 271 Neutrality of ports to be maintained. 280 Portages............................ 271 26. Agreement in case of war between Justice and protection............... 271 the parties4. Survey of the Mississippi River._- _. 271 Time allowed merchants, &c., to re5. Determination of river Saint Croix. - 271 move..-........... - - 281 Commissioners to be appointed. - - - 271 Rupture not to be deemed to exist, Proceedings of commissioners ---—. 272 when.-_......- 281 Declaration of commissioners --- 272 Recall of ambassadors or ministers - 281 Latitude and longitude of mouth and 27. Fugitives from justice to be delivered source of river...... 272 up-. 281 Decision to be final -....-......... 272 Requisitions, how made. —---—... — 281 6. Compensation to British creditors.... 272 Evidence of criminality required ---- 281 Commissioners to be appointed.... 272 Expenses of arrest and delivery ---—. 281 Proceedings of board.............. 273 28. Duration of treaty..... 281 Examination of claims............ 273 Ratifications- - -....... 282 Awards to be conclusive-.. —...... 273 Additional articlePayment of awards -.-.......... -273 Part of Article XII suspended.. —--- 282 7. Compensation to American citizens - 273 Explanatory article, May 4, 1796Commissioners to be appointed... 273 Stipulations in certain Indian treaties, Pi'oceedings of board-.. 274 effect of.-.. —-—...-..............282,283 Examination of claims. —--------- 274 Free intercourse to be maintained- -... 283 Awards to be conclusive........... 274 Liberty of commerce and navigation.- 283 Payment of awards....... 274 Ratifications..... 283 Compensation to British subjects... 274 Explanatory article, March 15, 1798Reference to letter from Mr. Jefferson Commissioners released from particu: to Mr. Hammond..-.. -2.7_. - 274 larizing latitude and longitude of Claims to be referred to commis- river St.-Croix-..... 284 sioners ---------—...- -. 274 Description of the river.............. 284 Proceedings of commissioners.-.. 274 A monument to be erected at the Payment of awards.-...-. 274 source. —---------—. —--—. —--- 284 8. Expenses of commissions.... 274' Ratifications......................... 284 Vacancies, how filled................ 274 Letter annexed9. Alienage not to affect certain land- Thomas Jefferson to George Hammond-284, 285 titles............................ 274 Additional convention to mtreaty 10. Debts, &c., in tiame of war not to be of amity and comnmerce, confiscated. —-------— 275 January S, 1802.-2..._..285-287 11. Conditions of navigation and com- 1. Article VI, treaty of 1794, annulled.. 286 merce............275 Sum to be paid by the United States 286 12. West India trade.................. 275 Method of payment-..-.....- --- —. 286 13. East India trade....-.. 276 Rate of exchange ----—.... ——. —-. 286 14. Freedom of commerce and naviga- 2. Article IV, treaty of 1783, confirmed 286 tion...............277 No lawful impediment in collection Rights of residence and business... 277 of debts —.. —-- -... —-- 286 15. Duties on ships and merchandise... 277 3. Commissioners under Article VII, Duties on products of either country 277 treaty of 1794, to re-assemble - -- 286 Tonnage duty on American vessels in To proceed to execution of their British ports in Europe -. —---—.. 277 duties..-........ 286 Countervailing duties on American Payment of awards-...._.... 286 importation in Europe............ 277 Ratifications-... —-. —--—. —-. —--- 287 Equalization of duties.............. 277 Treaty of peace and amiiy, iDe16. Consuls, appointment of....... 277 cemnber 2, 1S14... —... —.287-292 Liberties and rights of consuls...... 277 1. Peace to exist-....... 287 Commissions and exequaturs..-.. 277 Hostilities to cease.-........... 287 Punishment or dismissal for improper Posessions to be restored.-..... 287 conduct 277 Records, &c., to be restored....-...... 288 17. Regulation in case of captures at sea. 278 Islands in Passamaquoddy Bay ---—. 288 Adjudication of prize-causes-... 278 2. Orders to armies, squadrons, &c..... 288 18. Contraband articles..... 278 Subsequent captures to be restored - 288 Articles becoming contraband....... 278 3. Prisoners of war to be restored. —---- 288 Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 278 4. Northeastern boundary, determina19. Damages by ships of war and priva- tion of.-........288,289 teers................278 Reference of claims. -.... 289 Commanders of privateers to give Commissioners to be appointed ---- 289 bonhds,.......... 279 Proceedings of commissioners. — - - 289 Decrees in prize-causes............. 279 Declaration and report....-.- 289 20. Pirates not to be harbored.27...'279 Decision to be final..... -.. -. 289 Captures from pirates to be restored.. 279 Disagreement of cormmissioners - -.. 289 21. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 279 Reference to a friendly power. —.. 289 848 INDEX TO PUBLIC TRElATIES. Paue. Page. Great Britain-Contilnued. Page. Great Britain-Continued. 5. Boundary from source of river St. Convention respecting fisheries, Croix..-.. -. ——. D-__ 289,290 bouandary, and slavces, Reference of claims -.. 289 October 20, S1 88 ——.. —-. 297-300 Commissioners to be appointed - -- 289 1. Common right of fishing.2.98 Proceedings of commissioners-. -- 289 Rights of Hudson's Bay Company —. 298 Map and cleclaration -2. —. —. 290 Renunciation by United States - -298 Disagreement of the commissioners- 290 2. Northern boundaryof United States Reference to a friendly power - -. 290 defined 298 6. Bouncdary from a point in the forty- 3. Country westwarcld of the Stouy Mountninth degree of north latitudle -. 290 ains - - 299 Reference of doubts —---- ---- —. 290 4. Convention of 1815 for regulation of Commissioners to be appointed O. 290 commnerce continued in force. —- 299 Proceedings of commissioners... 290 5. Claims for slaves under Article I Report or declaration -. —- 290 treaty of 1814... 299 Disagreement of the commissioners 290 Differelnces to be referred to a friendly Reference to a friendcly power --- 290 power -..2.... 99 7. Boundary to water communication 6. Ratifications.-'. 99, 300 between Lakes Huron and Supe- Decision of nconnissioners, June nior and the Lake of the Woocls290, 291 1 22.-00-302 Commissioners to dletermine bound- Decision of commissioners under Article ary -.. —---—. ----- 291 VI, treaty of 1814 -____ ___ —.- 300-302 Decision of the commissioners-. 291 Description of the boundary line 300-302 DisagreenjIentof the conmmissioners 291 islands belonging to Great Britain. 302 Reference to a frienclly power -.. 291 Islands belonging to the United States. 302 8. Secretaries and surveyors - 291 Treaty relative to inde ni ty Expenses of commissionsf -— l 291 under aarl of E or Vacancies, how flledlt 2 91 of Ruassia, Jualy 12, IS22 -303-308 9 Validity of laInd-gran ts - 291,291 vReference to Article V, convention of 9. Termlination of Indian hostilities -291, 292 1818 303 10. Abolition of the slave-trade —. 292 To award as to true construction of 11. Ratifications-_ a- 292 Article I, treaty of 1814-.. 303 Couliven ttionlik for regulation of Further mediation-303 coinmerce, Juliy 39 fIS1k5-292-295 urhrmcato.... 0 1.oLinuierocce, July 39 1B5. 292. 295 1. Arbitrators and commissioners to be 1. Liberty of commerce - 293 appointed-.304 2. Duties on products of either country. 293 Meetines of board __ 304 Prohibitions to be general. 293 MeeAppoingstment of basecretary 304 Equality of port dues.. 293 Appth of intmembnt of secretary -. 304 Importations in vessels of either Vacancies, how fillecd —--- 304 Eqcountry of -duties on exports 293 2. Average value of slaves, how fixed 304. BoEqunlity of duties a on exportsawbacks.. 293 Mediation in case of disagreemeut 305 ExBoentioes ands to British West- -- 93, 294dies 3. Commissioners to constitute a board Exceptions as to BAeritican possh est Indiess 294 for examination of claims. 305 3. A merican trad e w ith Britis. Eas 294 Evidence to be produced -.305 3 American trade with British East 4. Examination of claims.O —.O- - 305 Indlies-294 Powers of board-305 Coasting-trade il the British East Powers of board..-. 305 CTing-trade in theBritis5. When arbitrators to be called in.. 305 Indies 294 Final decisions. 306 Where American vessels may touch for 6. Decisions conclusive- 306 refreshmenzts ----—, ---—. — ~~o —. 2934 Payment of awards ---------------— 306 4. Consuls, appointment of -... — 294,295 7. Expenses of the commission- ---- 306 Commissions and exequaturs.....295 8. Copies of convention to be delivered Withdrawal of exequlaturs --. 295 8 to minister of mediating power - - 306 5. Duration of convention. -295 Ratifications - 306 Ratifications- othPii295 Cag lDocluments annexedDeclaration of the British Charg6 d'af- Count Nesselrode to Mr. Middleton - 306, 307 fairesfaires- A~~~~~~~~~Award of Emperor of Russia.~ —— 307, 308 Designation of St. Helena for the Aard of Emperorof Russia - 0. 308 residence of General Bonaparte 295 Count Nesselrode to Mr. Middleton 308 IJUnited States vessels excludel from Supplemental convenvtion, Noapproaching the island.-. 295 venaber 13, 9 26....308-310 Arrangement as to nava l force Reference to treaty of 1822 --—.- 308 on the lakes, April 2S9 1, Sum. to be paid by Great Britain... 309 1~k1 t —-2.... —-.. —- 296 2. Treaty of 1822 annulled, except, &c 309 Naval force to be maintained on the 3. Payment of srum, methodl of -..- 309 Americaln lakes....-.- 296 4. To be a full liqllidationl of all claims. 309 Other vessels to be dismantled -- 296 Distribution by the United States.. 309 Diuration of stipulation.- -. 296 5. Custody of documents andc papers. -. 310 Restriction on services of navall force. 296 6. RaLtifieations.. -------- 310 Declaration of om mn.sionAens9, Co yueoIrn DIaivre to nuort Noveniaben- 24, ~I7 - - - -.- 29, 297 wet b, und ary, August 6, Declaration of commuissioners undelr l27 --—. —-- -----------—. 310, 311 Article IV, treaty of 1814.. 296 1. Article III, convention of 1818, conDecision of the commuissioners- tinnedl in force.-.. 311 Islands that belong to the United 2. Duration of this colnvention.* -...311 States....... 297 3. Certain claims not affectecl.- 3 11 Islands that belong to Great EBritain.. 297 4. Ratifications... o o. 311 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 849 Page. Page. Great Britain-Continued. Great Britain-Continued. Renewal of comlmelrcial con- 3. Parties engaged in construction to veation, Auigust 6, 1~27 —311,312 be protected. 323 1. Convention of 1815, for regulation of 4. Construction to be facilitated...-... 323 commerce, continued in force...... 312 Establishment of free ports -3...... 33 2. Duration of this convention -----—. 312 5. Neutrality and protection guaranteed. 323 3. Ratifications......... 312 Withdrawal of guaranty....-.. 323 Conventaoaa relative to nortla- 6. Friendly states to be invited to eaistena' bouandary, Sep- participate 324 lea lber 29, I- 2-.. —-....-.312-315 Treaty stipulations with Central Amer1. Differences to be referred to a friendly ican states 324 power --—.- - ---- --- 313 Settlement of differences — -......... 324 2. Statement of respective cases to be 7. Contracts for construction........... 324 drawn up.....313 8. Protection to other communications- 324 3. Mutual communication of evidence. 313 Equitable charges only to be imposd. 325 4. Maps to be annexed to statements.. 314 Privileges to citizens of other nations- 325 5. Statements, &c., when to be delivered 9. Ratifications 3......... 325 to arbitrating power.... 314 Poctocol ceding Horse-Shoe 6. Further evidence, how to be produced. 314 Reef, Dec ber 9, 5.325,326 li~eelf, Decem-sber~ 9, ~[S50..325, 326 7. Final decisions to be conclusive.... 315 Statement of Mr. Lawrence..-... 325 8. Ratifications..-,-. -,, 315 Concurrence of British government.... 325 Treaty of boundaries, suppres- Agreement of cession -------- ---- 326 ion of slave-trade, and extradifiopn, August 9, ~4 2.315-320 Claims conveion, Fe2bruary 1. Boundary line between the United -3 2..6-329 States and the British possessions. 316 1. Claims to be referre to commis2. Continuation of boundary line...... 317 sioners —------------ -- 326,327 3.:Navigation of river St. John......... 317 Appointment of commissioners.-.. 327 4. Certain land-grants confirmed..-..... 318 Meeting of commissioners..... 327 5. Distribution of disputed territory Selection of umpire - 327 fund —------------ 318 Declaration of commissioners and umpire.................. 3'27 6. Line between the St. Croix and St. Lawrence rivers to be run.... 319 2. Investigation of claims327 Procedure........~....327 Appointment of commissioners....... 319 Procedure.... -.. 32 Report of commissioners - ~..,- 319 When umpire may be called in...... 327 7. Channels and passages open to free Decisions, how given-328 avigatinof the slave trade-...... 319 Decisions to be conclusive........... 328 8. Suppression othslvtrd 39Limitation of claims.-.328. 3 Squadrons to be maintained on coastIof Africa-....................... 319 3. Time for presenting claims.......... 328 Concert of action between squadrons. 319 Decisions, when to be given.-,-. 328 9. Remonstrances with other powers.. 319 Authority of commissioners-, -. 328 10. Fugitives from justice to be delivered 4. Payment of awards..-..... 328 unp~-. —... ~320 5. Claims not presented to be barred.. 328 Crimes for which surrender may be ec s a clr328 made...............320 madie-,,..,, —o..,,..~,. -... -. -. -~ 3203 Expenses of commission-.3..... 29 Evidence of criminality required -—. 320 7 Ratifications... —........ 329 Expenses of arrest and delivery...... 320 Reciprocity treaty, June 5, 11. Duration of treaty.................. 320 1~54 -....... —---—. —--—.329-333 12. Ratifications-............ 320 Reference to convention of 1818........ 329 Treaty for settlement of bound- 1. Additional privileges to cit;zens of the ary west of the Rocky United States in thc fisheries —. —- 330 l.lo untains, June 15, Reserved British fisheriesI- - -.-..... 330 1546 320-322 Commissioners to determine reserva1. Boundary from point on forty-ninth tions..... 330 parallel defined.. —...-.-......... 321 Appointment of commissioners...- -.. 330 Navigation between Vancouver's Selection of umpire. -...... 330 Island and the continent, and of Declarations.-...-.. —-.. —-—... —. 330 Fuca'Ls Straits-,...................321 Vtacancies, how filled.. -.............. 330 2. Navigation of Columbia River-..-.. 321 Proceedings of commissioners - -—.. 330 3. Possessory rights of Hudson's Bay Decisions to be final......... 330 Company, &c..................... 321 2. Common rights in fisheries of the 4. Farms, &c., of Puget's Sound Agri- United States............ 331 cultural Company.-.. —--.. —---- 321 Reserved American fisheries-..... 331 5. Ratifications. - -322 3. Certain products to be admitted in Convention relative to ship- each country free of duty -.-...... 331 canal, April 19, I50 - -...322-325 Free-list- - 331 1. Neither party to exercise exclusive 4. Navigation of river Saint Lawrence control over proposed canal....-.. 322 and Canadian canals..... 331 Nor to maintain fortifications in its Right of free navigation may be susvicinity. -... —-—. —---------—. 322 pended. —... -------- 332 Nor to assume territorial donilon, United States may suspend ArticleII. 332 &c........................322 Navigation of Lake Michigan-..3....32 Nor take advantage for exclusive No duty on lumber floate d down the privileges, &c -.....-.....-..322, 323 Saint John-.33..2............ 2. Vessels traversing the canal to be 5. When treaty shall take effect - 332 exempt from blockade: &c........ 323 Duration of treaty. — -. 332 R S I-V-54 850 1ThDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. P"I, n Great Britain-Continued. Page. Great Britain-Continued. 6. Provisions may be extended to New- Limits of search and detention extended 345 foundland-........... 332 Effect of additional article —-- --—.- 345 7. Ratifications.33................... 332 Ratifications...... —- 345 Convention extenading dulration Treaty for seflen ent 4f claims of claims con nrission, off Hlludsoirn's Bay an4 Jualy 7, IS -..... —-........- 333 Paget's ~ound AgriculReference to claims convention of taural Companies, J uly I, 1853...............333 1 66.....~~.... ~~..__..~............ 1853-333 163 —---— 346,347 1. Time for termination of commission 1. Reference to Articles III and IV, extended.. —-------—.. 333 treaty of 1846........,. 346 Time for presentation of claims un- Appointment of commissioners....... 346 changed......................... 333 2. Meeting and qualification of commis2. Ratifications — -------- 333 sioners --—........346, 347 Treaty for suppression of the Selection of nmpire.......... 347 Afelcaun slave-tr'adee, April Decisions to be conclusive........... 347 7, 1~62 —.. —. -—.. —---- ---—.334-345 3. Records and clerks............. 347 1. Search of suspected vessels.......... 334 Salaries and expenses...-. 347 What vessels may be visited-....... 334 4. Payment of awards....-. 347 Mode of search.-.....334, 335 5. Ratifications........................ 347 Limits of search.................... 335 Limits ofsearch- ~ ware of cornnnison~ers, Sep2. Instructions, &c, to be furnished ships A er eo c m 1ffs9 - 347,348 I ~~~~~~~~temnber 10, t1~G9....__347,348 of war -335 -............. 335 Awards, how to be paid —....- ----------- 348 Names of vessels, &c., to be communi- AmountforHudson'sBay Compai.. 348 cated..... -Amout.. forHudon's.Ba 335 R~~~~~ank of commander, 335 For Pnget's Sound Agricultural CornRank of commanders.......... 335 Search of vessels under convoy....... 335pay-348 Compliance with instructionsDeeds to be executed................. 348 Compliance with instructions....... 335 3. Damages for wrongful detention....335,336 Coventio ba re ative to nailaraltl4. Mixed courts to be instituted........ 2336 zalton, lay 139 170.-...348, 349 Jurisdiction of courts-1,,,, 330 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi5. Wrongful acts of officers, reparation zeus.......... — 349 and punishment for.............. 336 ond.-_ _.;....- 34 andl p~unishment for - 336 2....,.,,.. Prior naturalizations may be re6. Causes for detention of vessels.-..336,337 nounced........ -..-......... 349 Condemnation as prize-e......-36 337 When renunciations to be declared... 349 Condenl~ation as prize. 337 Manner of declaration......... 349. 7. No damages for detention, when.... 337 Manner of declaration i....... 349 8. Proceedings on condemnation.. 3. Re-adniissions to citizenship- 349 9. Owners, officers, and crewsto be pun- 4. Ratifications........................ 349 ished 337 Additional counvention for supPersons and proofs to be sent to their pre,. ioa of the Alrican nation.......................... 337, 338 slave-trade, J. une 3, 10. Negroes found on board, disposal of.- 338 1~~ -----—. —...-5............50-353 II. Instruments annexed to treaty....... 338 1. Reference to treaty of 1862 ----- 350 12. Ratifications - - -338 Mixed courts abolished --- -..-....... 350 Instructions for ships of war- Unfinished business to be concluded.. 350 1. Authority of search and detention.- 338 2. Jurisdiction to be exercised by prizeVessels to be sent in forjudgment -. 339 courts............................. 350 2. Search, how to be conducted. —. 339 Appeals- 351 3. Proceedings on detention-..-. 339 3. Disposal of d&tained vessels..-... -. 351 Declaration. of captor - 339 Witnesses and proofs to be sent in.. 351 Certificate of officer in charge -...... 339 Disposal of negroes, &c., found on 4. Disembarkation of negroes —...339, 340 board.-..351 5. Abandonment, &c., of unseaworthy 4. Instructions annexed to convention. 351 vessels-............. 340 5. Other parts of treaty of 1862 to reProceedings upon abandonment.. 340 main in force-......... 351 Regulations for mixed courts — 6. Notice to mixed courts.-..... 351 1. Judges and arbitrators.-............. 340 7. Duration of convention.-..... 351 Oath of office.. -340 Ratifications. —-. —-----—.. —------ 351 Secretaries or registrars.... 340 Instructions for ships of warSalaries and expenses.............340,341 1. Authority of search and detention... 352 2. Expenses of condemned vessels.... 341 Vessels to be sent in for judgment... 352 Expenses when vessel released ~ 341 American vessels, where to be sent... 352 3. Jurisdiction of courts............... 341 British vessels, where to be sent.... 352 Decisions and sentence.............. 341 2. Conduct of search..-..- -..-......... 352 Counsel of parties...........-..-...... 341 3. Proceedings in case of detention-...352,353 Records 341 Declaration of captor..-..........352, 353 4. Procedure -----------— 341, 342 Certificate of officer in charge -.-... 6 353 5. When vessel restored, proceedings..- 342 Witnesses and proofs. —-—.. —.. - - 353 6. When vessel condemned, proceedings. 342 4. Negroes, &c., found on board... 353 7. Claims for damages -......342 5. Abandonment of unseaworthy vessels. 353 Indemnity, how awarded-...-... 343 Proceedings on abandonment...-. 353 Demurrage, schedule of............ 343 Adjudication by court....... 353 8. Judges, &.c., not to receive gifts..... 343 Persons intended for slaves to be 9. Vacancies in courts, how filled.....343-345 handed over to British authority.. 353 Additional artile February I, Couvenaio~n rela.ive to renuta1~13....-...-......... 345 cia o of nnata'liz, iataonns, Reference to Article I, treaty of 1862... 345 ['eirnaray t:g~ ~t 9........ 354,355 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 851 Page. Page. Great Britain —Continued. Great. Britain-Continued.Reference to Article II, convention of Claims not presented to be barred - -- 361 1870 354 18. Sea-fisheries, common rights to Ameri1. Naturalizations made prior to May 13, can citizens in —- -...... - 362 1870, how may be renounced —... 354 Salmon and shad fisheries excepted -. 362 When and where declaration to be 19. Common rights to British subjects..- 362 made.-........................... 354 Salmon and shad fisheries excepted - 362 2. Lists of persons renouncing to be re- 20. Reserved fisheries...-....... 362 ciprocally communicated.......... 354 Reservations, how to be designated. 362 3. Ratifications..... 355 21. Fish and fish-oil free of duty.-. —--- 363 Annex, A- 22. Comparative value of privileges, adForm of declaration -............ 355 justment of-.......... 363 Treaty for amicable settleIenet Compensation by the United States, of all causes of dtffereace,. how to be determined.. —-.... 363 Mtay ~, 17~1..................355-368 23. Appointment of commissioners...... 363 1. Alabama claims to be referred to arbi- Organization of the commission -. - - 363 tratioun 356 Agent for each government...- - 363 Arbitrators, how appointed...-.. 356 24. Proceedings before commissioners.... 363 Vacancies, how filled........ 356 Documents and papers to be furnished 364 2. Meeting of arbitrators —.......... 357 Cases, when to be closed-.-.. ——. 364 Their powers and duties...........-. 357 Extension of period................. 364 A majority to decide -................ 357 25. Officers and records -................ 364 Agent of each party................. 357 Expenses 364 3. Case of each party, when to be given 26. Free navigation of river Saint Lawto arbitrators................. 357 rence-.... 364 Counter-case, when to be delivered. 357 Of the Yukon, Porcupine, and Stikine 364 Extension of time.. -.... 357 27. Use of Canadian and State canals..- - 364 Documents and papers to be produced 357 28. Free navigation of Lake Michigan. - - 364 5. Arguments and briefs............... 357 29. Conveyance of merchandise in transit 365 6. Rules to govern arbitrators.........357,358 30. Transportation of merchandise in bond 365 Obligations of a neutral govern- Export duties not to be imposed..-.. 365 ment -............ 358 Suspension of privileges, when...... 365 Rules not admitted to have been in 31. No duty on lumber floated down the force when Alabama claims arose. 358 Saint John 366 But shall govern in future cases._-. 358 32. Articles XVIII to XXV may extend to 7. Decision of arbitrators, when to be Newfoundland... 366 made -............358 33. Articles XVIII to XXV, and Article Form of decision................... 358 XXX, when to take effect_... 366 To be made as to each vessel separately 358 How long to continue in force._-.... 366 Gross sum may be awarded, when.... 358 - 34. Boundary-line west of Rocky MountPayment of award..-........ 358 ains, determination of-.366, 367 Delivery of award...... 358 Submission of claims to arbitration of 8. Expenses of arbitration...-. 358 Emperor of Germany...-. 367 9. Officers and records-.......... 359 35. Award to be final..-.... 367 10. When gross sum not awarded, claims Delivery of award —------ ----- 367 how determined................... 359 36. Case of the two parties, when to be laid Board of assessors, appointment of... 359 before arbitrator......-. 367 Organization of board............... 359 Evidence to be submitted.. -.. —.- - --- 367 Proce edings-.................... 359 Definitive statement, when to be made 367 Decisions........................... 359 37. Papers and documents to be furnished 367 Claims, when to be presented.-.... 359 Further evidence.................... 367 Report of assessors. —............. 359 38. Agents of each government. —... 367 Delivery of report.................. 359 39. Proceedings of arbitrator.. —. —---- 368 Payment of awards.-...-.... 359 May act in person or otherwise - -..-. 368 Clerks and expenses.-. —.-......... 359 40. May appoint a secretary or clerk.. —. 368 11. Decisions of arbitiLators and of assess- 41. Expenses of arbitration....- -.... 368 ors to be final-.......... 360 42. Delivery of award.-.....-. 368 Claims not presented to be barred.... 360 43. Ratifications. —.-.. 368 12. Other claimns to be referred to commis~sioners-,~360 ~Additional Article, January IS, stoners........................... 360 11S73.368, 369 appointient of commissioners........8 33 Mieeting of commissioners....-.,- 360 Reference to Article XII, treaty of 1871 368 Declaration.360 Sessions of claims-commission, where 13. Investigation of claims ---- ---- 360 may be ld-6.............. 369 Procedure.................... -......6 Procedure-360,361Ratifications -- 39........ 39 Majority to decide. 361 Protocol respecting northwest Award on each claim.a..... 36t water boundlary, March Agent for each government....._. 361 109,13......................13369-371 Decisions to be final................. 361 Reference to Article I, treaty of 1846. 369 14. Time for presentation of claims..... —. 361 Reference to Article XXXIV, treaty of Extension of period.. —-—. —------- 361 1871 — ------- -------— 369, 370 When decisions to be made...-... 361 Reference to award of Enmperor of GerPowers of commissioners... 361 many — 370 15. Payment of awards-..-....... 361 Boundary-line traced and markedon 16. Officers and records... 36 four charts —..... 370 Expenses 361 Copies to be retained by each govern17. Decisions of commissioners to be final 361 ment — 370 852 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Great Britin —Centinued.P Guatemala, With " definition," to be a perpetual Treaty of peace, airafiffy, coanrecord of agreement...-.... 370 nmeRce, aad naviagatiaon, Definition of the boundary-line-.. 371 arc 949...............378-386 1Protocol, June 7, 8 3........ 372 1. Peace and friendship --------—. —-- 378 Reference to Article XXXI, treaty of 2. Favors granted to other nations to be1871 372 come common -... —. —------- 378 Reference to the legislation of the two 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 378 countries-.......... -372 Coasting-trade reserved..- —. 379 Declaration as to the time when Arti- 4. Importations and exportations in vescles XVIII to XXV, and Article sels of either nation.- -... 379 XXX, of the treaty of 1871, will go Equality of duties ------- 3.-.-.-.. 379 into effect_ — -.. — - g7d2 Bounties and drawbacks -.-.. 3. 79 tir-eee, 65. Duties on products of either country. 379 T.freaty of colB;mm8erce anmd navi- Prohibitions to be general- -..-.. — 379 gation, December 10-.22, 6. Management of business, &c —..... 379 183 ---..........................-373-377 7. No embargo without indemnification: 379 1: Freedom of navigation and commerce. 373 8. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 380 Rights of residents in either country- 373 9. Captures by pirates to be restored.. 380 V. Vessels of each party on most favored 10. Assistance in case of shipwreck.. - -. 380 footing - 373, 374 11. Disposal and inheritance of personal 3. Importations in vessels of either na- property -.. —------------------- 380 tion - -374 Succession to personal estates.... —.... 380 Equality of duties and charges --—. 374 Duties same as payable by natives..- 380 4. Exportations in vessels of either na- Real estate, time allowed heirs for distion -.. —--------- ------------- 374 posal of - ------------------- 380 Equality of duties and charges - -. 374 12. Protection to persons and property of 5. Coasting-trade reserved.-..-.- 374 residents -......-.... 380 6. No preferences in importations.-.. 374 Access to judicial tribunals.... —---- 380 7. Tonnage duties -......... 374 Employnment of advocates, &c. —.. 380 8. Prohibitions to be general....- 374,375 Presence at trials -- 381 9. Privileges of transit-. -.... 375 13. Security of conscience-. 381 Drawbacks and bounties.- -... 375 Rights of burial... -............-... 381 10. Vessels touching at ports- -..-. 375 14. Neutral trade in time of war —....... 381 Regulations to be observed...... 375 Free ships make free goods --.... —. 381 11. Vessels unloading parts of cargo —.. 375 Neutrality extended to persons...... —. 381 What duties payable............... 375 15. Neutral property on enemy's vessel.., 381 12. Consular officers, appointment of-..- 376 16. Contraband articles.................382 Rights and privileges.......-........ 376 17. Goods not contraband........ 382 May be prosecuted for violation of Definition of blockade.-..- -.. ——. — 382 laws. —-........................... 376 18. Confiscation of contraband goods.... 382 Their exequaturs may be withdrawn- 376 19. Blockaded ports, regilations at —. —.. 382 Archives to be inviolable --—..... —. 376 20. Regulation of visits at sea.-... 383 Settlement of disputes between mas- 21. Ship's papers in case of war-... 383 ters of vessels and their crews... 376 22. Vessels under convoy.... - -. 383 Aid of local authorities..- - 376 23. Prize causes, adjudication of --.. — 383 13. Reclamation of deserters............ 376 24. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 384 14. Assistance in case of shipwreck -. —- 376 25. Agreement in case of war between the Salvage.............. 376 parties15. Quarantine. —---—..... —-------- 377 Time allowed merchants to remove.. 384 16. Blockaded ports -—......... —----- 377 Safe-conduct to be furnished them - 384 17. Duration of treaty. —.-.....-. 377 Other citizens may remain -- —....- 384 18. Ratifications........................ 377 26. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated ---- 384 ~~~~~~Greenlanv~d,!27. Envoys, 1ministers, &c —-- --- 384 Treaty stipulations not applicable to- 28. Consals and vice-consuls- - 384 Denmark, 1821.116 —...................... 618 Commissions and exequaturs -------- 384 lDenmrark, 1826.......................~ 618 29. Immunities of consular officers ------- 385 Guarantee, 30. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 385 Mutual, of possessions, sovereignty, &c.- 31. Consular convention to be formed. —-. 385 France, 1778 -- —. —-------- -2.....02,203 32. Duration of treaty -........... 385 Of neutrality of an interoceanic ship- Infringement of treaty.. —-... 386 canal- Reprisals and declarations of war._. 386 GrCeat Britain, 1850..32........... — 3~3 Treaties with other nations not afOf neutrality of Isthmus of Panama- fected -------- - - --- 386 New Granada, 1846-.......-.. 558 Ratifications. ——. —-. —. ——..- 386 Of sovereignty and property of New Granada In Isthmus of Panama... 558 Of an interoceanic railway- H. Honduras, 1864 ------. -—... —-. —-- 430 Hanover, When guaranty may be withdrawn —..- 431 Treaty of ~ouamence a lni aaviOf an interoceanic route- gation, i1a y 209, 1 ~0d-..387-391 Nicaragua,1867.. 16.570 1. Freedom of commerce and navigationl 387 When guaranty may.be withdrawn.- - 571 Privileges of residents in either counOf protection to road across the Isthmus try- 387 of Tehuantepec- Management of business, &c —........ 387 Mexico, 1853.. 506 Access to judicial tribunals. —...... 388 INDEX TO PUBLIC TRhEATIES. 853 Page. Page. Havover-Continued. Hanover-Continued. 2. Equality of duties on vessels........ 388 Extradlb ion eornveantion, JanTo what vessels privileges extend.... 388 uBry 1 ]~5 -......396,397 Equality of duties on imports and ex- 1. Fugitives firom justice to be delivered ports. 388 up-.................... 396 3. Duties on products of either country. 388 Requisitions, how made-.........-. 390 Prohibitions to be general........... 389 For what crimes surrender may be 4. Coasting-trade reserved.-......... 389 made..................... 396 5. No preference in importations.... 389 Evidence of criminality required - -.. 39o, 397 6. Consular officers, appointment and Expenses of arrest and delivery._-... 397 privileges of.-........389 2. Other Germanic States may accede to Settlement of disputes between mas- convention -........... 397 ters and crews -..-........... 389 3. Neither party to surrender its own Reclamation of deserters- - - -..- -... 389 citizens —..... 397 7. Disposal and inheritance of personal 4. When extradition may be delayed. 397 property...... 390 5. Duration of convention - -3.. 97 Care of property in the absence of 6: Ratifications-.-. -...........397 representatives- 390 In case of senveral claimants- - 390 Treaty for thioe abolition of the III case of' several claimants ---------- 390 S e or Busast St~,de or Britushalusenl Real estate, heirs allowed time to dis- dt es, Novemober 6, 1q6I -398, 399 ipose of-.....-..........-......... 390 1. Stade or Brunshausen dues abolished. 398 No duties of detraction, &-e.......... 390provide for free navigation i~. Itsnever to provide for fr~ee navigation 8. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 390 of the Elbe- - - --- - -3- -- Salvage and repairs. —-—.. —. —. —- 390 Salvageilns can repis,-.- -,.-, 390 3. Indemnity to King of Hanover — 3.:98 Warehouse charges.........390 ~ WDuareouseo carge - -— 390 4. Payment of the indemnity-..... 399 9. Diuration of treaty.,-.. —-........... 390 5. Execution of stipulations.. —.. 399 10. Ihatifications —.~ — —........ 390 10. atifications -.... I — - 390 6. Treaty of 184(6 to remain in force, exTrealy of comnamrcee and navi- cept, &c......................... 399 cation, Jugne 10, 1!~46.-..391-396 7. Ratifications......-399 1. importations in vessels of either na- Protocol tion............................. 391 Temporary precautions 399 Tonnage duties and tolls -. —------. 391.Tm ap uo3 xorttios in vessels of either HarborDues. (See Ieciprocal Commercial Agreetion........-. 391 meats.) Port charges-........ 391 Hanseatic Republics, (see Bremen,) Brunshausen tolls, &c. —---...391,392 Convention of friendship, corn2. Coasting trade reserved -. - ---- 392 merce, and navigation, 3. No preferences in importations....-. - 392 December 20, 1~27...... 400-403 4. Assistance in case of shipwreck —-—. 392 1. Importations and exportations in yesSalvage and repairs-.......-.. 392 sels of either nation 4..... 00 5. To what vessels privileges of treaty Equality of duties......-. 400 extend. —........392 Bounties and drawbacks -... 400 6. Duties on products of either coun- Port charges........................ 400 try.-......392, 393 2. Duties on products of either coruntry. 401 Prohibitions to be general.._ 393 Prohibitions to be general _....... 401 7. Favors granted to other nations to be- 3. No preferences in importations...... 401 come common.................... 393 4. What shall be considered vessels of 8. Import duty on raw cotton abolished. 393 Lubeck, Bremen, or Hamburg -. - 401 Transit duty on cotton, rice, and to- 5. Clearance of vessels from the Hansebacco abolished 393 atic Republics to the United States. 401 Weser tolls not to be levied......... - -. 393 6. Privileges of residents.-. —------.401, 402 Limit of tax to be levied....... 393 7. Disposal and inheritance of personal 9. Consular officers, appointment and property -------- - 402 privileges of —...... —.. —------ 393 Duties same as payable by natives... 402 Settlement of disputes between mas- Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis, ters and crews..-............393, 394 posal of-..... 402' Reclamation of deserters..........-.. 394 8. Protection to persons and property of 10. Privileges of residents —...-... 394 residents 4............. 02 Management of business, &c-..-.. 394 Access to judicial tribfnals.-402 Access to judicial tribunals.- -----—. 394 Employment of advocates and agents. 402 Employment of advocates and agents. 394 9. Favors granted to other nations to beDisposal of personal property-..- 394 come common-.......... 402 Succession to personal property —... 394 10. Duration of convention...- --.402, 403 Duties same as payable by natives... 394 11. Ratifications.......Property of absent heirs to be cared Additional article, June 4, for - -...-..........394, 395 1s2 -'......._..403,404 Controversies, how decided _... - - -. 395 Consuls may cause arrest of deserters Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis- from vessels...-. 403 posal of...........-.... 395 Proceedings.... 403 No duties of detraction, &c-..-.. 395 Effect of additional article....-. 404 11. Duration of treaty..........-........ 395 Ratifications 404 Augmentation of duty on tobacco -.- 395 Convention for extending juris12. Other States of Germanic Confedera- di~ticon of consuls, Apr1il tion may accede to treaty- -....... 395 30~, 8I ~~........ -. 1. -...-404, 405 13. Ratifications.... —............ 395 1. Consular officers may sit as judges and Treaty of 1240 annulled.... -... 395 arbitrators, when. 404 854 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page.'Page. HaHnscatic Bepulblics-Continued. Hayti-Continued. May require assistance of the local 3. - Agreement in case of war between the authorities -..404 partiesRight of parties to resort to judicial Time allowed merchants, &c., to withtribunals in their own counury.... 405 draw. — -....................... 413 2. Duration of convention............. 405 Their effects not to be seized......... 413 3. Ratifications.......-. 405 Safe-conduct to be given them....... 413 4. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated..-.. 413.Hawaiian Islacds, 5. Exemption from military duty, &o —. 413 Treaty of friendship, conL- 6. Rights of residents in either country.. 413 merce, navigation, and Management of business, &c......... 413 extradition, gecemaber 20, Access to judicial tribunals........ 413 l ~9.............406-411 Employment of agents and attorneys. 413 1. Peace and amity........ 406 7. ]Examination of books and papers-... 413 2. Freedom of commerce and naviga- 8. Liberty of conscience........... 413 tion............................. 406 Rights of burial.... 413 3. Duties on products of either country.' 406 9. Disposal and inheritance of personal 4. Tonnage duties, &c...407 property —.-.-..... 414 5. Coasting trade reserved............. 407 Duties same as payable by natives... 414 6. Steam-vessels carrying mails exempt Property of absent heirs to be cared from duties.......407 for.......4....... 414 7. Whale-ships of the United States, Questions among claimants, how deprivileges of._....407,408 cided.............. 414 8. Privileges of residents in either 10. Importations in vessels of either nacountry.......................... 408 tion.......... 414 Right to travel and reside....... 408 Equality of duties....... 414 Disposal of personal property.-.- - 408 11. Exportations in vessels of either naSuccession to personal estates...... 408 tion.............................. 414 Duties same as payable by natives-.. 408 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks... 414 Property of absent heirs to be cared 12. Coasting trade reserved to citizens.. 414 for.............................. 408 13. Duties on products of either country.414, 415 Decisions between claimants....... 408 Prohibitions to be general....- 415 Real estate, time allowed heirs for 14. Discriminating duties...... 415 disposal of....................... 408 15. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.. 415 Not to pay higher taxes than citizens Applicability of stipulation.......... 415 of most favored nation- 408 16. Assistance in case of shipwreck -.... 415 Exemption from military service, &c. 408 Repairs Of stranded vessels.......... 415 Dwellings, &c., to be respected...... 408 17. Neutral trade in time of war......... 415 Arbitrary searches forbidden........ 408 18. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 416 General protection to persons and 19. Neutralrights at sea............. 416 property..... 408 Principles recognized9. Management of business............ 409 Free ships make free goods......... 416 Appointment of agents........ 409 Neutral property on enemy's vessels Liberty of trade.................... 409 not subject to confiscation.-...... 416 Sale of spirituous liquors to natives Neutrality extended to persons....... 416 of Sandwich Islands, subject to Applicability of principles......... 416 Hawaiian laws-........ 409 20. Contraband articles-...-... 416 10. Consular officers, privileges and pow- 21. Goods not contraband...416 ers of............................ 409 22. Examination of merchant-ships in time Reclamation of deserters............ 409 of war. 417 11. Liberty of conscience...... 409 23. Passports and certificates... 417 Right of Hawaiian government to 24. Regulation of visits at sea...... 417 regulate its schools........... 410 25. Vessels under convoy not to be exam12. Assistance in case of shipwreck.'.. 410 ined............................417,418 Recovery of wrecked property... 410 26. Regulations in case of capture or deSalvage and quarantine............ 410 tention................ 418 13. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.. 410 27. Care of captured property. —. - 418 Exemption from port dues........ 410 Treatment of officers, passengers, and 14. Fugitives from justice to be delivered crews -.. —--—.. —---- 418 up_., —. —...,,,, 410 28. Prize-causes, adjudication of....... 418 Requisitions, how made............. 410 29. Privileges of prizes of either party in Crimes for which surrender may be the ports of the other.-.....418, 419 made............................ 410 30. Foreign privateers not to fit their Evidence of criminality required.'-.. 410 ships in ports of either party, &c.- 419 Expenses of arrest and delivery.-... 410 31. Letters of marque not to be accepted 419 15. M1ail arrangements.................. 411 32. Envoys, ministers, &c., rights and 16. Duration of treaty. -....... 411 privileges of........... 419 17. Ratifications -------—.............411 33. Consuls and vice-consuls- -.......... 419 RH~~~~~~~ayti,~ ~34. Commissions and exequaturs........ 419 35. Exemptions of consular officers.... 420 Treaty of amity, commrerce, Inviolability of archives.- -.420 navigataon, and extradi- 36. Reclamation of deserters....... 420 lion, November $3, 164.. 412-421 37. Consular convention to be formed.... 420 1. Peace and fiiendship....... 412 38. Fugitives from justice to be delivered 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- u420 conme common. -...... -.. 412 Requisitions, how made........ 420 INDEX TO PUBILU TIREATIES. 855 Page. Page. flayti-Contin ued. Honduras-Continued. Evidence of criminality required -. 420 W]io may remain and continue their 39. Crimes for which surrender may be employments ----—. —-- -----—. 429 made.-............ 420 Their property not to be seized..... —- 429 40. Surrender, how to be made- 4...... 421 Debts, &c., not to be confiscated —.. 429 41. Past crimes or political offenses not 12. Existing guarantees continued......- 429 included.......................... 421 Religious liberty... -....... 429 42. Duration of treaty-..-............ 421 Rights of burial-..... 429 43. Ratifications-........................ 421 13. Termination of Articles IV, V, and tIcsse Cassel, VI -—. —-. —-------.. —-—. —---- 430 Convenition for abolitiou of droit 14. Honduras Interoceanic Railway Comd'aabaine aund taxes on pany............................ 430 euntgratfon, 1farl'h 26, Right of way to be free to Govern11 4....-.............. —----— 422, 423 ment and citizens of the United 1. Droit d'aubaine, &c., abolished. —. 422 States 430 2. Heirs to real property may sell and No tolls on public property or mails.. 430 remove proceeds -.................. 422 No import or export duties on mer3. Disposal of personal property. —. 422 chandise in transit ----—...... 430 Succession to personal estates........ 422 No discriminating charges for conDuties same as payable by natives... 422 veyance.......... -.. 430 4. Property of absent heirs to be cared Privileges granted to other countries for. —...... ——. —--—. 423 to be extended to United States... 430 5. Disputes concerning inheritances, how Honduras to establish free ports -..... 430 decided ----—. —. —.. —--—. —-- 423 Rights and sovereignty of Honduras 6. Ratifications. —--------- ---—. —-. 423 recognized -...... —.-........... 430 Hcsse. Grand Duchy of, Neutrality of route guaranteed by Convention relatiave to naturnal- United States...........430 izatiotnAuguast 1, 1~6. -.423-425 Mutual protection of road...... 431 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi- When guaranty may be withdrawn.. 431 zeus -.............424 15. Ratifications --------------------- 431 Effect of declaration of intention... —- 424 Hudson's Bay Company, 2. Liability for offenses committed be- Possessory rights of, to be respectedfore emigration..........424 Great Britain, 1846 -. —-.... 321 3. Extradition convention remains in Treaty for settlement of claims offorce.......... —.................. 424 Great Britain, 1863............... 346 4. Renunciation of naturalization.. ---- 424 Intent not to return, when held to ]1. exist.......................... ---.. 424 Iceland, 5. Duration of convention............-424, 425 Treaty stipulations not applicable to(6. Ratifications....................... 425 Denmark, 1826.168 novdutras, Imrport Duties, (see Reciprocal Commercial ~'_-ealy of a mity, coinnerce, and- Agreements; China; Cottons; Japan; avigation, July 4, 1~641..426-431 Siam,) 1. Perpetual amity -.. —---. —-------- 426 Special provisions concerning2. Freedom of commerce and naviga- Belgium, 1863. —... 56 tion............................. 426 Ottoman Empire, 1862 -......587, 588 Ships of war and pOst-office packets- 426 Icndependence of the United States, Coasting-trade reserved.-........ 427 The object of treaty of alliance;3. Favors granted to other nations to France, 1778... —.................... — 201 become common..-.. —---—. —--- 427 Acknowledgment of4. Duties on products of either country. 427 Great Britain, 1782,1783.............261,266 Prohibitions to be general...... —--- 427 Indians, 5. Tonnage duties, &c......... 427 Agreements regarding, in treaties with6. Importations and exportations in yes- Spain, 1795 705 sels of either party... —..-.. 427 Great Britain, 1794,1796,1814....271, 282,291 Equality of duties, bounties, and France, 1803.......- -...... 234 drawbacks...................... 427, 428 Mexico, 1831, 1848 —. ——. —--— 484, 496 7. Rights of residents in either country- 428 Infanticide. (See Extradition.) Management of business, &c........ 428 Infraction of treaties, Liberty of trade.................... 428 By citizens, governments not responsible Protection to persons and property. 428 for8. Equal rights with natives, in what Bolivia, 1858....................... 77 respects......................... 428 Brazil, 1828.......................... 89 Taxes same as payable by native citi- Central America, 1825............ 103 zens............................. 428 Chili, 1832-l.. —..................... -11 Property of residents dying intestate. 428 Columbia, 1824. —------------ 157 Consuls may nominate curators -..428 Ecuador, 1839-.. —...... 195 9. Exemptions from military service, Guatemala, 1849..................... 386 forced loans, &c.................. 428 Mexico, 1831......... 485 10. Consuls, appointment and residence New Granada, 1846.......-. 559 of. —. —..- -.. — -....... 429 Peru, 1851.-q........ 623 Privileges of diplomatic agents and Peru-Bolivia, 1836........ 610 consuls....-.-..... - -.. 4'29 Portugal, 1840-. 638 11. Agreement in case of war between the San Salvador, 1850.............. 683 parties — Venezuela, 1836 -7......... 795 Time allowed residents to remove.... 429 How to be regnlatedSaft conduct to be given them.....-. 429 Algiers, 1795, 1815,1816 - 4......4, 8, 12 856 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Infractlion of treaties-Continued. Italy — Continued. Mexico, 1848,1853 —.00, 5...........,05 Ad0tis autlc I~o cX ~.d~~4oii Morocco, 1787, 1836 -..5..... —-....50,24 -eavenio, Jaansar5y 1, Netherlands, 17d2....................-. 540 1.-. -....... 438 Tripoli, 1796, 1805-........756,760 Embezzlement by persons hired or salTunis, 1797-........ —.. 767 aried, added to list of extradition 1i1-ternal Improvcments. (See China.) crimes 438 Itteroceanic Commnutnications, (see, Gacravnee,) Treaty of comnmerce and naviStipulations concerning, in treaties with- K ltion, February 26, Great Britain, 1850.... —.,... —----— 322-325 1t1S-..IL... —-- -...... —--.. 439-445 Honduras, 1864.............. 430 Hondluras, 1864; —430 1. Freedom of commerce and navigaMexico, 1853 506 tion..-......... 439 New Granada, 1846................... 558 Rights of residence, &ce.-. -..- 439 Nlicaragua, 1867.-.......:...570-572 Treatment of ships of war.. —........ 439 Intervention. (See China; Liberia.) 2. Rights of travel and trade —.. —---- 439 Italy, 3. Security to persons and property...- 439 Consumlar convention, Februlary Exemption from compulsory military ~, 9~-...........432-436 service &c 439 1. Consular officems to be received..-... 432 4. No embargo without indemnification. 440 2. Commissions and exeqluaturs-....... 432 5. Importations and exportations in ves3. Exemption from arrest, &c.......... 432 sels of either nation.-...... 440 If in business, subject to same charges Duties, bounties, and drawbacks-... 440 as citizens-........... 432 6. Duties on products of either country- 440 4. Not compellable as witnesses-.... 432 Prohibitions to be general...... 440. Their testimony, how may be taken.432, 433 7. Vessels may proceed from port to port In criminal cases their appearance and discharge.......... 440 may be demanded...-... 433 Coasting-trade reserved -.-...... 440 5. Flags and inscriptions.-...... 433 8. Certain vessels exempt from tonnage 6. Offices and dwellings to be inviolate. 433 duties, &o 441 Inviolability of archives.-....433 What vessels not considered as enPapers, when to be kept separate.... 433 gaged in trade.........-.. 441 7. Acting consular officers-...... 433 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 441 8. Vice-consuls and consular agents.... 43 10. Crews for vessels-.....-.. 441 Who eligible to appointment....-... 433 11. Captures by pirates to be restored.. 441 Their commissions and privileges.-.. 433 12. Property of residents exempt from 9. Complaints to local or national au- seizure..-..................... 441 thorities 433 13. What constitutes a legal blockade... 442 10. Depositions and legal documents.. 434 14. Blockaded ports, regulations at.-... 442 Verification of papers, &c.....-.. 434 15. Contraband of war, what to be 11. Settlement of disputes between mas- deemed ----—.. ——.- --—..- 442 tiers and crews. ——.. ——...... —-- 434 16. Neutral trade in time of war....442, 443 12. Disputes between officers of vessels Free ships make free goods.-....... 443 and their passengers, how decided. 434 Neutrality extended to persons...... 443 13. Reclamation of deserters from yes- Applicability of stipulations......... 443 seis. ——. —--- -—. —-----—... 434, 435 17, Nationality of vessels, how distin14. Settlement of damages suffered by guished ------------- 443 vessels at sea-....... 435 18. Examination of vessels on the high 15. Salvage of wrecked vessels........ 4435 seas.. —.. —-—... —. —-... —-. 443 16. Resihcents dying intestate..-.... 435 19. Vessels under convoy not to be ex17. Duration of convention -....... 435 amined...................443 Ratifications. —-—. —--—.. —.. ——. 435 20. Liability of commanders of ships of IExtmr'adtfioa convelmaton, Ma!arch war _..-......443,444 239 11-4......................436-438 21. Agreement in case of war between 1. Fugitives from justice to be delivered the partiesup................................ 436 Time allowed merchants to remove.. 444 Evidence of criminality required... 436 Safe-conduct to be furnished them.. 444 2. Crimes for which surrender shall be What other persons may remain.-.. 444 made.........-. 436, 437 May continue employments without 3. Political offenses not included.... 437 molestation...................... 444 Persons surrendered not to- be tried Their goods, &e., not to be destroyed. 444 for ordinary previous offenses.... 437 Compensation for property taken.... 444 4. When extradition many be deferred.. 437 This article not to be annulled or 5. Requisitions, how to be made- suspended........................ 444 When fugitive convicted of crime.. 437 22. Disposal of personal property... 444 When fugitive charged with crime... 437 Succession to personal estates. -. 444 Surrender, how made....... 437 Dues same as payable by natives... 444 6. Expenses of arrest and delivery.. 437 Real estate, most favored footing in 7. Duration of convention............. 438 case of......... 444 Ratifications - 438 23. Access to judicial tribunals.........44 Additional article to consular Employment of advocates, &oe -..444 cc anventiola, Jannuamy 21, Presence of parties, &c., at trials.... 444 l a{9-438 24. Favors granted to other nations to Time for excIhange of ratifications ex- become common -......... 445 tended -................. 438 25. Duratiou of treaty-..............445 Effect of additional article...... 438 26, Ratifcations.. 445.............. INDEX TO PUBLIC TRhEATIES. 857 J. Page. Page. Japan, Japlan-Continued.P'Tr1ealy of peace ~4and amritty, Uncoined foreign gold and silver may l iarch 31, -.....-..... 446-44S be exported.-..-...-..-........452 6. Jurisdiction over offenses committed 1. Peace and amity ---— 446j in Japan 452 2. Ports of Simoda and Hakodadi to be n Japane opened........................... Consular courts open to Japanese opened-446 creditors.-452 3. Shipwrecked vessels, provision in case creditors of —------- -—.,- -----—. —---— 446 Japanese courts open to American 4. Shipwrecked persons not to be con- creditors -452 -~~~~~fined-~~: -- 447 ~ Recovery of forfeitures and penalfined........................ 447ties.............................. 452~j 5. Citizens of the United States at Si- tes moda, and Htakodadi... 47frdbso t iies........... 452 moda and Hakrodladi..,-O... —,.., 447 Neither government to be responsible 6. Deliberation as to things wanted.... 447 b et i cfzo -,.,, ~5 for debts of its citizens -........ 452 6. Deliberatiopn as to things wanted 47- - 7. Limit of right to travel, &c., at the 7. Trade at open ports-447s in Japan............. 452 8. Things wanted to be supplied through open harbors in Japan -trsdn 452 Japanese officers.................. Loss of right of permanent residence. 452 Japanse ofices -------------- 447 8. Religions freedom to Americans in Ja9. Favors granted to other nations to be- 8 eligions freedo to Americans in Jacome cemmon -.-.-.-........ 447 pan --------— 453 Religious animosity not to be excited.- 453 10. No resort to other ports, except in dis- Religious animosity not to be excited 453 tress............................. 447fgive fr js ce...... 45 9. Reclamation of deserters and anrest of t:~Cosus oagn. s-, —-.-0- ma be appointed tre Cousnls --- sge~lt~s may be appointed fugitives from justice.....-....... 453 11. CoSuis or agents may be appointed Local authorities to receive prisoners'q at Siniodan -44held by consul..-..........- 453 ~12. Ratifications — ~448 ~ Consul to pay just compensation...-. 453 Treaty for regulation of trade, 10. Japanese government may purchase Juane 17, 1~57..............448, 449 ships of war, &c., in United States. 453 1. Port of Nagasaki to be open to Amer- May engage scientific men, &e —— 453 ican vessels --- 448 May export its purchases, contraband 2. American citizens may reside at Si- exceptedi-tpucaeo453 moda and Hakodadi........ 448 ecpe 5 moda and Ha~kodadi.-,448 11. Trade regulations made part of treaty. 453 United States may appoint a vice-con- 12. Conflicting provisions of former treasul to reside at Hakodadi.. 448 ties revoked.-.... 453 3. American and Japanese coin, relative Rules may be made for carrying value of..-,,.,,,,,,,, 448 treaty into effect -453 Allowance for recoinage............. 448 4. Jurisdiction of offenses con.mitted in 13. Revision of treaties after July 4, 1872. 454 4. Jurisdiction.of offe ses com itted in 14. Treaty to take effect, when.....-... 454 ~~~~~~~Japan —449 tRatifications. —-.. —-—. —-—..-. 454 5. Medium of exchange for supplies, &c. 449 Treaty executed in quadruplicate... 454 6. Iighlts of consul-general to go beyond Dutch version of, to be deemed the certain limits 449 origin.al- 454 449 ~~~~~~~~~~~454 7. Purchases for consul-general, how Regulations for conducting American Imade —--------- - ---------------- 449 )trade in Japan — 8. Dutch version of treaty recognized-.. 449 1. Entry of vessels at custom-house.... 454 9. Treaty, when to take efftect. -—,._ 449 2. Japanese custom-house officer to be Treaty of anitty oy and comimeree, placed an board vessels........... 455 July 29, 15t - - 449-457 Unlading of goods —.................. 455 1. Peace and friendship -............ 450 Fine for breaking locks and seals.... 455 Diplomatic and consular agents.. -- 450 Goods discharged without entry to be Mediation between Japan and Eu- forfeited --------—.. —--—.. --- 455 ropean powers.-..-. — - -....... 450 Frands on the revenue, how punished 455 Aid to Japanese vessels...... —-...... 450 3. Regulations concerning goods to be 3. Additional open ports. —----—. —--- 450 landed.- --------------—. —--— 455,456 Regulation of residence of Americans Ships' supplies need not be entered.. 456 in Japan -45..........450, 451 4. Clearance, regulations respecting.... 456 Regulations of trade.- -.... 451 MAleaning of word "ship" 457 This clause to be made public in every 5. Penalty for signing false declarations 457 part of the empire................. 451 6. Tonnage duties not to be levied...... 457 Munitions of war, to whom may be Fees of custom-house authorities ---- 457 sold.....................-........ 451 Tariff of duties in Japan.-......... 457 Rice and wheat not to be exported from Cargo duties on exports from Japan.. 457 Japan. -..... — -....-.. 451 Import and export duties may be reSale of copper by Japanese govern- vised, when. —...-.. -- 457 meat. —-. —-------. —.-... — —. 451 Convention ltarr rdaection of imAmericans may employ Japanese ser- port d uties, January 2S, vants 451 1~64. -------—. —----—. —---- 458 4. Duties payable in Japan............ - 451 1. Articles free of duty ---—. ——. ——. 458 Appraisement of goods.-..-... 451 2. Articles at reduced duty of 5 per cent 458 Supplies for United States Navy..... 451 Importation of opium prohibited -.. 458 Importation of opium prohibited.-.., 451 3. Payment of duties......... 458 When to be seized and destroyed... 451 4. When treaty to take effect..... 458 No transit duty on imports 451 Convention relative to iaadlemnaiDuties on imports into Japan in ties, Ototer 224, 4 ---—. 459 American vessels... —... 452 Daimages to be paid to the four treaty5. Foreign coin in Japan to pass by pewv-rs for hostile acts of the Prince weight-..-...-....... 452 of Naato, &c-.-......... 459 Coin, except copper, may be exportce d 1, Amount fixed to include all claiams... 459 from Japan.-.. -....... 452 2. Tnine and imiode of paynict......... 459 858~ ~ INDEX TO PUBLIC TIREATIES. Page. Page. Japamn-Conatinued. Light Dues, (see Reci~procal Commercial Agree3. Opening of a port in the inland sea ments,) may be accepted in lieu of payment Amount of, limitedof money ---------- - 459 France, 1822-.......................244 4. Ratifications... 459 Louisiana, Cession of, to United States]L France, 1803. - 233 Land-Grants, Payment forCertain to be valid- France, 1803.... -. - 235 Great Britain, 1842,1846............. —- 318, 321 Provisions concerningMexico, 1848, 1853 -.......502, 505 Spain, 1819 --..........714 Macedonian Claims, Treaty for settlement ofla Plata River, Chili, 1858... 114 Free navigation ofBolivia, 1858 75 Madagascar, Lcgalization of Pa2pers. (See Consuls.) Treaty of peace, friendship, and Letters of Marque, (see Piracy; Privaters,) comlmerce, February 14, 167...........464-466 Not to 4e taken hy citizens of one party 1 Peace and friendship464 1. Peace and friendship.........464 from an enemy of the other2;olivia, 1858- 7 Bolivia, 1858-.......-.................. 75 2. Dominions of each party inviolate... 464 Brazil, 1828 ----------- -------------- 87 Right of domicile sacred............ 464 Central America, 1825 -. 101 Forcible entries not to be made --- 464 Chili, 1832................. 109 When premises may be entered...... 464 ~Colomhlia, 182~4 _... -~ -~ 155 Rights of sovereignty to be respected 464 Dominican Republic, 1867 -.18...5 Privileges of Americans in Madagas~ominican Rnepublic, 1867.............185 Ecuador, 1839 193 carFrance,177................. 209 To have free exercise of religion 464 Great~Britain,794 -- 279B Not to build new places of worship Great -Br~itain, 1794............. 279 Guatemala, 1849...2.79-384 without permission 464 Guatemala, 1849...................... 384TorciesaepteinadsHay'ti, 1864 - - - - -- -- 419 To receive same protection and seH-ayti, 1864........................... 419 crt sntvs —------ 6 Morocco, 1787, 1836 -- - 517,521 cnrity as natives-464 MNetherlands, 17827,1- -5836, 38 May rent ]and, houses, &c......... 464 Netherlands, 178'2..................... 538 Myhr htlbrr 6 New Granada, 1846 -- 556,,, 556 WelaorMay hire what laborers 464 Peru, 1851..- 620 When laborers may leave 465 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 —.......607 Contracts for leasing land or houses,,1785,1799,1828 - 646,653,659 &c., how executed.............. 465 Prussia, 1785, 1799Liberty of travel and trade 465 San Salvador, 1850 -.... 681 et d p....-... 465 Excepted places.-... —. —-------- 465 vSpain, 1795 - -- 707 Most favored privileges 465 Swede n, 1783 —.........................,728 Privileges of snbjects of Madagascar Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827.......735,741 i in the United States........465 Venezuela, 1860...................... 804 i h ntdSae 6 3. Freedom of commerce. - - - - - - - - - 465 Lew Chew, Duties on imports and exports in Compact of friendship and coin- Madagascar. —-—.-.-... -...... 46 merce, July 11, 1S54 460 Prohibited imports and exports --- 465 Trade allowed at Lew Chew.... 460 Tonnage duties, &c.......-.. 465 Where to be carried on - 460 Ports which are not to be entered.... 465 Wrecks, assistance in case of....... 460 4. Consuls, appointment and privileges Conduct of Americans landing at Lew of. - -—..... 465 Chew. —-. —.................- -. 460 5. Residents subject to laws of the counBurial-ground for citizens of United try as o trade and commerce 465 States - -460 Civil rights and criminal offenses, Pilots, regulations concerning...- 460 jurisdiction of American consul Price of wood and water.............. 460 over ------------- - 465 Liberia, Banishment from Madagascar for Treaty of commerce znd navi- crime -------------- 465 gatlion, October 21, 1862.461-463 Disputes between citizens of the Uni1. Peace and friendship................ 461 ted States and subjects of Madagas2. Freedom of commerce....-............ 461 car, how settled ------- - 465 Rights of residence and trade....... 461 6. Communication of American vessels Protection to persons and property... 461 with the shore. 465 3. Import, tonnage, and other duties.461,462 Embarkation of subjects of Madagas4.-Importations and exportations in yes- car on American vessels......-.. 465 sels of either party............... 462 7. Reclamation of deserters from Ameri5. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 462 can vessels....................... 466 Salvage. 462 8. Shipwrecked or plundered American 6. Favors granted to other nations to vessels, assistance in case of-.. 466 become common -.......... 462 9. Ratifications 466 7. Consuls, appointment of.......... 462 Alterations or additions to treaty -... 466 Commissions and exequaturs........ 462 Supplementary articleS. United States not to interfere with Explanation of Article II respecting domestic concerns of Liberia-....462, 463 laborers quitting service.-.. 466 9. Ratifications-.................. 463 adrs, Liberty of Conscience. (See Reciprocal Privileges Regulation of trade with — of Citizens, 6c.) Great Britain, 1815-.....-...-... -294 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 859 1'age. Page. Mails, Mek7lea burg- Strelitz, Provisions respecting, in treaties with- 1Decltaration cf accession, NovHawaiilan Islands, 1849. —............ 411 eaber 26, S53 -.. - 472 Honduras, 1864 -.......... 430 Accession to extradition convention of Nicaragua, 1869....................... 571 June 16, 1852, with Prussia and MIanifests, (see Vessels,) other states........- - 472 Copies of, to be deposited in custom-house Mediation, (see Arbitration; Boundaries; on arrival of vessel- Claims,) Ottoman Empire, 1830.-............. 590 President will act as a friendly mediator Manufactures. (See Reciroal Comecial with European powers, whenAgreements.) Japan, 1858 450 Each nation will consider settlement of Marque. (SeeLettersof Marque.) differences by, before resort to Martin Garcia, Island of, warStipulation concerning possession of- Mexico, 1848.......................... 500 Argentine Confederation, 1853-........ 16 Mexico, Mecklenburg-Schwerin,'retagy of Innuts, January 12, II~ 8.......................... 474,475 Accession to treaty of conmmerce a~d navigation of I46, 1. Dividing limits between United States and Mexico.................. 474 with ilanover, Decenmber 9, 11S....................-....467-47 1 2. Boundary line, description of........ 474 =~ B81 S — t?.'..,-,,467-471 Declaration of accession -..........,, 467 Islands in the Sabine, Red, and Arkansas Rivers........ 475 1. Importations and exportations in yes- Navigation of rivers to be co.. 475 sels of eiher natio - 467, 468Navigation of rivers to be common...- 475 sels of either nation..............467, 468 Mutual renunciations 475 Mutual renunciations -.......475 Equality of duties, bounties, and 3. Commissioners and surveyors to run drawbacks - 467, 468 the boundary line 475 the boundary line................ 475 Equality of port charges............ 468 Plans and journals -475 2. Coasting-tradle reservedl....... 6 Plans and jounmals.................. 475 2. Coasting-trade reserved.. - - - - - -468 Result to be part of treaty 475 3. No preferences in importations....... 468 y Es s 4. Right to wrecks abolished. —......... 468 Escorts &c., to commissioners....... 475 4. Rati-fications,.,,,.................... 475 Assistance in case of shipwreck.-. 468 Ratifications475 Salvage and repairs-............468 Additionaal article, April 59, 131.475,476 Reference to treaty of 1828. —.......... 475 5. To what vessels privileges of treaty Reference to treaty of 1828 —- -475 extend --------------------------- 468 Time for exchange of ratifications exextend,...,,..................... 468 tended,,.,-...................... 476 Crews of vessels of Mecklenburg- tended. 476 Schwerin........................ 48 feto diinlatce —---- 7 ecenurg- ~~~Effect of additional article -....476 Sch~~c~F-eriu ~468 Schweriu — 468~~~DO~~I~~~ Ratifications- - 46 6. Duties on products of either country 469 R cay o a ty c m e Prohibitions to be general-._ 469 nTreaty of amity1 co1mmere and 7. Favors granted to other nations to be- 1 avigciand fpriid 1sh 476-486 come commluon,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 469 1. Peace and friendship................. 477 come common-...........469 2. Favors granted to other nations to be8. Import duty on raw cotton and paddy come common- ------------------- 477 abolished in Miecklenburg-Schwerein 469 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 477 Limit to import duties on tobacco,ights of residence and business. 4 rice, and whale-oil. - 469 ~Rights of residence and business -...47'7 rice, and bale-oil......... 469 Protection to merchants and traders. 477 Limlit to tra~nsit; duties........469 Limit to transit duties - 469 Privileges of most favored nations - -- 477 9. Consular officers, appointment and Coasting-trade reserved - 477 privieges f-.,,.,,,.,,,,.469 4r0Coastingf-trade reserved —.,-.,,......47 privileges of -------------------—.469, 470 Settlement of46,7 disputes between s- 4. Duties en products of either country.. 477 Settlement of disputes between roasters and crewis - - 471-,,,,0 Prohibitions to be general,.... 477 Reclamation of deserters........... 470 5. Tonnage duties, &c-478 6. Importations and exporta-tions in ves10. Privileges of residents in either coun- sel6 of either nation...exoraton.i. 478 sels of either nation -........478 try -4 —-----................~... 470 Duties, drawbacks, and bounties..... 473 Management of business, &c..- -.. 470 7. Management of business, &c - 478 Employment of agents.-........0 Employment of ens470 Emplymet ofage~s...........478 Access to judicial tribunals.......... 470 Liberty of trade.............. 478 Dispoal o persnal ropety...... 470Liberty of trade.................... 478. Dcisposal of personal propertyates - 470 8. No embargo without indemnification. 478 Successionto personal estates- 41 9. Exemptions from military service, Duties same as payable by natives... 471478 Property of absent heirs to be cared C...............47 Property of absent heirs to be cared 10. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge....478,479 for-471 —------ ---------- -- - --- 4 11. Captures by pirates to be restored... 479 Qugestions amoig claimants, how de- 12. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 479 cided47 ------------— 1-. -- ---- 471 13. Disposal and inheritance of personal Real estate, time allowed heirs for property- 479 disposal of.............. 471 disposal of-471jll Duties same as payable by natives... 479 No duties of detraction or emigration. 471Duisamaspybebyatvs. 47 No duties of detraction or emigration. 471 14. Protection to persons and property-.. 479 A11 g Duation of treauty e on rie- 4c71 Access to judicial tribunals.......... 479 Augmentation of duties on rice, tobac- Employment of advocates, & - 479 co, &C ----------------- 471Employment of advocates, &c _..... 479 ~~co~, &t3-C 471 ~15. Liberty of conscience...-..479, 480 Accession to extradition couvei- Rights of burial... -..... 480 lion will i Pruassia and 16. Neutral trade in time of war... 480 other States, November 26, Free ships make free goods-....480 1..3- 472 Neutrality extended to persons.-.... 480 Declaration of accession to extradition Applicaibility of stipulation...... 480 convention of June 16, 1852, with 17. Neutral property on enemy's vessel... 480 Prussiak and other states of the' 18. Contraband articles-4 81.......... 481 cermanic Confederation.......... 472 19. Goods not contraband...........- - - 481 860 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page..Mexico-Continued. Z Mexico-Continued. Definition of blockade.............. 481 In case of her declination, King of the 20. Confiscation, of contraband articles -. 481 Netherlands to be invited —.....489, 490 21. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 481 10. Decision of umpire to be final..... 490 22. Regulation of visits at sea --—. —-- 481,482 11. Issue of Mexican treasury notes for Liability of commanaders of armed sums awarded. —--- -- - 490 vessels-.... 482 12. Mexico exonerated from further acPrivateers to give bollds... 4...... 482 countability...................... 490 23. Sea-letters or passports.............. 482 13. Expenses of the commission-......... 490 Certificates of cargo................ 482 14. Ratifications -........... 490 24. Vessels under convoy not to be ex- Conventiona relative to payment amined. —-—. —-------- —. —--- 482 of awards, J.anary 34, 25. Prize-causes, adjudication of-... 482 114[ - 490-49'2 26. Agreement in case of war between Reference to convention of 1839 -.. 490 the parties- 1. Interest on awards 491 Time allowed merchants to remove -. 483 2. Payment of principal and interest.. 491 Safe-conduct to be given them... —. 483 3. Method of payment -------------—. 491 Other citizens may remain-.......... 483 4. Pledge of proceeds of direct taxes Their effects not to be seized-...-... 483 by Mexico........................ 491 Debts, &c., not to be confiscated-.. 483 5. Payment of additional charges..-.... 491 27. Envoys, ministers, &c -..... 483 6. A new convention to be entered into. 491 28. Consuls and vice-consuls..... 483 7. Ratifications-.. -. -......491, 492 Commissions and exequaturs........ 483 Treaty of peae, friendsliap, 29. Immunities of consular officers.. --- 483 limits, and settlement, Inviolability of archives............ 483 February 2, 1181S. —-----— 492-503 30. RIeclamation of deserters from yes- 1. Firm and universal peace........... 492 sels -........................... 484 2. Provisional suspension of hostilities 492 31. A consular convention to be formed.. 484 3. Blockade of Mexican ports, when to 32. Interior commerce, regulation of -- 484 cease -----— 493 Routes and escorts. —.. ——.. 484 Troops of the United States to be 33. Indian hostilities to be restrained..-.. 484 withdrawn from interior - -...-. 493 Prisoners made by Indians to be lib- Custom-houses to be delivered up.... 493 erated..........................-484, 485 Account of duties collected to be 34. Duration of treaty........-. 485 rendered.-........... 493 Infiringement of treaty._.-...... 485 Payment of net amount to Mexico... 493 Reprisals and declarations of war.... 485 Evacuation of capital of Mexico..- 493 Treaties with other nations not af- 4. Castles, forts, &c., when to be refected............................ 485 stored.............. 493 Ratifications........................ 485 Final evacuation of Mexican territory 493 Additional article- Embarkation of troops -..-.......493,494 Articles V and VI suspended.........-. 486 Prisoners of war to be restored. —--- 494 Substitute agreed upon 486 5. Boundary line established -.... 494 Effect of additional article............ 486 Southern and western limits of New Ratifications............... -4(6 Mexico defined................... 494 Secodl additional article to Commissioners and surveyors to run trUeaty of linmits, April 3, and mark the line -...... 494,835..........................486,487 Appointment and meetiug of comReference to Article III, treaty of 1828. 486 missioners....-................... 494 Commissioners and surveyors to be Journals and plans-.-.......494, 495 appointed 487 Result to be part of treaty ---—. —-. 495 To fix with more precision the dividing Boundary line to be respected....... 495 line between the two nations.-... 487 Changes, bow may be made -....... 495 To establish landmarks of boundary 6. Free navigation of Gulf of California. 495 and limits -------------------—. 487 Of river Colorado 495 Effect of additional article.-.-...-... 487 Passage not to be by land without Ratifications......................... 487 consent of Mexico. -...... 495 Claims convenltion, April 11, Construction of road, canal, or railway 1 39..........................487-490 on banks of river Gila............- 495 1. Claims to be referred to board of com- 7. Free navigation of rivers Gila and missioners.... -.......... -----— 488 Bravo —........... 495 Appointment of commissioners...... 488 Right not to be interrupted.......... 495 Oath of commissioners -............. 488 Taxes or contributions, restrictions 2. Secretaries, qqalifications of...... 488 upon-. 495 Appointment hand oath of.. 488 8. Rights of Mexicans in ceded territories 495 3. Meeting and termination of commis- Election of citizenshp 495, 496 sion......................... 488 Property to be respected 496 4. Documents and explanations to be 9. Incorporation into the Union of the furnished-............ - 488 United States.................... 496 5. Decision of commissioners- -.. 489 Admission to the rights of citizens. - 496 6. Patyment of awards.-....... 489 Protection to liberty and property. - 496 7. Commissioners to report disagree- Religious freedom -—.. —---—. —-—. 496 ments ---------- 489 10. (Stricken out.) Reference of differences to King of 11. United States to restrain incursions of Prussia-........................489 savage tribes..-..................496 8. King of Prussia to be invited to act.. 489 Punishbment when incursions cannot 9. If King of Prussia declines, her Brit- be prevented-..-.......... 496 tanic Majesty to be invited.-. 489 Sattisimction to bc exracted..-....... 496 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 861 Page. Page. Mexico-Continued. Mcxico-Continued. Purchase or acquirement of captive Of Article X........................ 502 Mexicans, &c., prohibited —. —-.. 496 Of concluding paragraph of Article Of Mexican property stolen by Indi- XII.............................. 502 ans, prohibited.. -..... 496 Declaration of Mexican minister ---- 502 Restoration of captured persons.. 496 Articles referred to in Article XV of the United States to pass laws necessary preceding treatyto carry stipulations into effect —.... 497 First and fifth articles of the unrati12. Sum to be paid to Mexico for territory fled convention of November 20, acquired..497 1843 503 Mode of payment................... 497 Treaty of tfimits, isthmuns tranInterest on installments-. —...... 497 sit, &c., lBeeenlnber 30, 13. Claims assumed by the United States. 497 1~53 -..........................503-506 14. Mexico exonerated.................. 497 1. Boundary of United States extended. 504 15. United States to satisfy claimants —.- 497 Line to be surveyed and marked...... 504 Almount for which satisfaction to be Commissioners to be appointed. ——. 504 made.....-. —. ——. —. —-. —497,498 Meeting and duties of commissioners. 504 Board of commissioners to be ap- Employment of scientists, &c -5.. 04 pointed ----------- I.-. 498 Line established to be respected -. 504 Awards to be conclusive-............- 498 2. United States released ftrom obligaRules by which board to be governed. 498 tions under Article XI, treaty of Books and documents to be furnished 498 1848 ------------------------ 504 16. Right of fortifying territory reserved Article XI, treaty of 1848, and Article by each party.. -............... 498 XXXIII, treaty of 1831, abrogated. 504 17. Treaty of amity, commerce, and navi- 3. Sum to be paid to Mexico.-...... - - 505 gation, of 1831, revived..-. 498 Method and time of payment........ 505 Exceptions. -........ 498 4. Articles VI and VII, treaty of 1848, Duration of revived treaty........... 498 annulled.-............. -—.....- 505 How may be terminated- 498 Free navigation of Gulf of California, 18. Supplies for troops of the United and river Colorado. —......... —-. 505 States prior to evacuation, exempt Passage not to be by land without from duties....................... 498 consent of Mexico- -----— 505 Protection to revenue of Mexico -....498, 499 Stipulations remaining in force as to 19. Rules with respect to merchandise im- the Rio Bravo.................... 505 ported into Mexico during occupa- 5. Rights of inhabitants of ceded tion by United States forces- territory ------- -— 505 Merchandise imported previous to 6. Grants of land in ceded territory after restoration of the custom-houses. 499 September 25, 1853, not to be Imported subsequent to restoration. 499 valid ------------ - 505 Remaining at places of importation, Previous grants not to be respected &c 499 unless located and recorded ------ 505 Removed to places in the interior. 499 7. Agreement in case of war between Removed to places not occupied by the parties - forces of the United States. —--- 499 Peaceable adjustment to be sought... 505 Reshipment of imported merchandise 499 Articles XXI and XXIT, treaty of 1848, Exportation of metals, &c., prior to re affirmed -...................... 505 restoration, no duties to be charge- 8. Plank and rail road across the Isthable upon -........ 499 mus of Tehuantepec20. Temporary continuance of the tariff Free transit to persons and rmnerchanestablished by United States an- disc..-........................ 506 thorities............499, 500 Equality of charges................ 506 21. Future disagreements between the No transfer to foreign governments -. 506 two nations- Transportation of mails of United Pacific negotiations to be used-... 500 States.. —-------- - 506 Settlement of differences by reference Transportation of property of governor arbitration —.................. 500 ment or citizens 506 22. Agreement in case of war- No custom-house or other public Time allowed merchants to settle their charges....-....... 506 affairs 500 Passports not to be required -...... 506 Protection during such period...-. 500 Additional port of entry to be opened. 506 Liberty to depart...-............... 500 Transportation of troops and muniTheir effects not to be molested..... 500 tions of United States. —...-... 506 Women, children, &c., to be unmo- Protection to the workic.............. 506 lested 500 9. Ratifications........................ 506 Who shall be allowed to continue their ExtrnadUion treaty, Deeenber occupations.....-... 500 I119,.61. —. —-. —--- -------— 506-508 Their goods, &c., not to be destroyed. 500 1. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Compensation for property taken... 500 up 507 Churches, schools, &c., to be respected 500 Requisitions, how made.-507...... 507 Prisoners of war, treatment of-...... 501 Evidence of criminality required. —- 507 Covenants not to be annulled or sus- 2. Requisi.ions in frolntier States, how pended 0.....a.. -............ 501 de 507.23. Ratifications-.,. -.-~~.,,,501 3. Crimes for w~ihich surrender may be ~Protocol, May 26, 1848 — made.~..~ —.. —. — - 507 Declaration of American commission- 4. Surrender, how made.-.......508 ers explanatory of Article IX of the In frontier States, how made. -.08... preceding treaty. 502 5. Expenses of detention and delivery.. 508 862 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. age. Mexico-Continued. Michigan: Lake, ae. 6. Political offenses not included.-. 508 Free navigation ofFugitive slaves not to be surrendered. 508 Great Britain, 1854,1871....- 332,364 Offenses by slaves not included._... 508 Military Service. (See Reciprocal Privileges of Past offenses not included..-.- -. 508 Citizens, 4'c.) Neither party to surrender its own Ministers. (See Diplomatic Agents.) citizens. --.. 508 Mississippi River, 7. Duration of treaty...... 508 Survey of8. Ratifications. -.-.-..... 508 Great Britain, 1794.................... 71 Claims coivenation, Jruly 4, Free navigation of1~6.-.-.......... —... —----- 509-512 Great Britain, 1782,1783...-.....263,268 1. Claims to be referred to commis- Spain, 1795.............. 705 sioners... 509 Mitchell's Map, Appointment of commissioners.. 509 Recognized as map used in framing treaty Vacancies, how filled....... 509 of 1783Meeting of commissioners..... 509 Great Britain, 1827....... 314 Declaration to be subscribed..... 509 Mixed Courts of Justice, (see Slave Trade,) Selection of umpire................509, 510 Establishment, duties, and location of-' 2. Examination of claims —....-.. 510 Great Britain, 1862................. 336 Mode of procedure.....5.... - -510 Regulations for..................340-345 Umpire, when to be called in........ 510 Abolishment ofDecisions, form of................... 510 Great Britain, 1870......... 350 Agent of each government.... 510 Jurisdiction of, transferred to prizeDecisions to be conclusive.. 510 courts............. 350 Inadmissible claims................. 510 Morocco, 3. Claims, when to be presented....... 510 Treaty of peace and friendship, Extension of period................ 510 January, 1 8..... - -....516-521 When decisions to be uade. —----—. 510 Peace and friendship declared.-... 516 Power of commissioners............510,511 1. Mutual consent to the treaty -—.. —- 517 4. Awards, adjustment of -....... ——. 511 2. Commissions from an enemy not to Payment of balance-... —.... 511 be accepted -..... 517 5. Settlementto be final. —-----—. —-- 511 3. Regulations in case of captures._. 517 Claims not presented to be barred. - -511 4. Signal or pass to be given to vessels - 517 6. Records of the commission........ 511 5. Examination of vessels in case of war- 51.7 Secretaries, appointment and quali- 6. Captured Americans, &c., to be refications of....... 511 stored........ 517 Salaries and expenses. —... —-. —-- 511 7' Vessels wanting supplies to be fur7. Ratifications........................ 511 nished.............517 Naturaalizatiol coxavetiion, J'uly 8, Repairs of damaged vessels......... 517 10, 10~S.............512, 513 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 518 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi- 10. Vessels engaged within gunshot of zeus.. — 512 forts to be protected...... 518 Declaration of intention, effect of.... 512 11. Enemy's vessels -not to follow for 2. Liability for offenses committed before twenty-four hours.-............ 518 emigration..........512 12. Ships of war of United States not to 3. Extradition convention remains in be examined...... 518 force................ 512 13. Salutes to be returned.......518 4. Renunciation of naturalization.512, 513 14. American commerce on most favored Intent not to return, when may be footing........................ 518 held to exist...................... 513 15. Privileges of merchants.... 518 Presumption may be rebutted... 513 16. Prisoners of war to be exchanged -- 519 5. Duration of convention............. 513 17. No compulsion in buying or selling 6. Ratifications...53 goods -......... -519 Conveiiaton extending duration 18. Goods to be examined before lading.. 519 of claims commaission, 19. Vessels not to be detained...... 519 April 19, 1 - - - - - - - - - - - -.513,514 20. Settlement of disputes between AmeriReference to convention of 1868 —. —-—. 513 cans...... 519 1. Duration of joint commission on 21. Killing, &c., punishable by law of the claims extended........ 514 country. —---------- 519 Time for presentation of claims not'22. Estates of Americans dying intestate. 519 altered..... I...I —- -514 23. Consuls and their privileges -.-. —. — 520 2. Ratifications.. -....................... 514 24. Agreement in case of war between Conventiaon for revival and gur- the partiesther extensioa of claims No appeal to arms unless friendly commission, NlIovelber arrangement refused........ 520 27, I~72-. —---. —.5 ——. —-. —514,515 Time allowed for settlement of affairs Reference to conventions of 1868 and and removal..................... 520 1871. —-- 514 2_ 5, Duration of treaty —.-.. —......... 520 1. Joint commission on claims revived. 514 Certificate of Thomas Barclay... 520 Time for duration of commission ex- Additional articletended.........................514,515 Vessels of United States to be proTime for presentation of claims not tected. —.. —.. —---------------- 520 altered.............. 515 Approval of treaty..........521 2. Ratifications........................ 515 Final ratification reserved to United.Mexico, Gulf of, - Stat~es.................. 521 Conquered British islands in, or near to, Treaty of peace and fraiendship, possession of- September 186, 15836......521-525 France, 1778 202 1. Mutual consent to the treaty....... 521 INI)EX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 863 Page. Page. Morocco-Continued. M uscat-Contin ued. 2. Commissions from an enemy not to 2. Liberty of trade to citizens of United be accepted —-. —.. —--—. 521 States 528 3. Regulations in case of captures...... 521 3. Duties payable by vessels of the 4. Signal or pass to be given to vessels.. 522 United States.................... 528 5. Examination of vessels in case of war. 522 4. Duties payable by American citizens. 528 6. Captured Americans, &c., to be re- 5. Assistance in case of shipwreck...- 529 stored..-......... 522 6. American merchants not to be taxed. 529 7. Vessels wanting supplies to be fur- 7. Citizens of the United States captured nished ---—. —-----—. —-—.. — -- 522 by pirates to be set at liberty - _.. 529 8. Repairs of damaged vessels. —. —--- 522 8. Duties payable by vessels, &c., of the 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck. —. — 522 Sultan in the United States-...... 529 10. Vessels engaged within gunshot of 9. Consuls of United States may be forts to be protected... 522 appointed... 529 11. Enemy's vessels not to follow for Their powers, duties, and privileges. 529 twenty-four hours. -..... 522 May be complained of and dismissed. 529 12. Ships of war of United States not to Certificate of Edmund Roberts -........ 529 be examined- ------ - -- 523 Final ratification reserved for President 13. Salutes to be returned. —----------- 523 of United States................ 530 14. Anmerican commerce on most favored footing................. ——.. 523 N.. 15. Privileges of merchants............ 523 Nassau, 16. Prisoners of war to be exchanged.... 523 Convention for abolition of droit 17. No compulsion in buying or selling d'aubaine and taxes on goods -...........523 emigration, May 27, 18. Goods to be examined before lading.- 523 1S4t6.......531,532 19. Vessels not to be detained.. —-------- 524 1. Droit d'aubaine abolished........... 531 20. Settlement of disputes between Ameri- 2. Heirs to real property allowed to sell cans ---- ---------- 524 and withdraw proceeds-....... 531 21. Killing, &c., punishable by law of 3. Disposal and inheritance of personal the country -—............. 524 property........... 531 22. Estates of Americans dying intestate. 524 4. Property of absent heirs to be taken 23. Consuls and their privileges.. 524 care of........................... 532 24. Agreement in case of war between 5. Disputes as to inheritances, how the parties- settled........................... 532 No appeal to arms unless friendly 6. Stipulations to apply to property arrangement refused............. 524 already inherited 532 Time allowed for settlement of affairs 7. Ratifications........................ 532 and removal-.... 524 2Naturalization, 25. Duration of treat.y...... 524 When citizens of one nationality are Certificate of James R. Leib. —-----—. 525 deemed to have become citizens of Final ratification reserved to President of the otherUnited States-... 525 Austria, 1870......................... 33 Convention relative to light- Baden, 1868........... 39 house at Cape Spaatel, Bavaria, 1868 44,45 M1 ay 31, 1S6.5.52, -527 Belgium, 1868........................ 61 Contracting parties.... 525 Denmark, 1872 —.- -.. — -- -.....176, 177 Negotiators for the several powers. 525 Ecuador, 1872........................ 198 1. Direction of the light-house at Cape Great Britain, 1870 —................ 349 Spartel —....................-. 526 Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868.......... 424 2. Expenses of management. —-—.... 526 Mexico, 1868................ 512 Repairs and reconstruction.......... 526 North German Union, 1868.......... 575 3. Sultan to furnish a guard.. —-.. - - 526 Sweden and Norway, 1869............744, 745 Contracting powers to respect nen- Wfirtemberg, 1868 -811 trality of light-house...... —...... 527 The declaration of intention has not the To continue payments for its support effect of citizenshipeven in case of war-..... ——. 527 Austria, 1870 34 4. To establish regulations for its service Baden, 1868........................... 39 and superintendence.... —.. —--- 527 Bavaria, 1868.........-.. -........ 45 Regulations not to be niodified except Ecuador, 1872' -.198 by common consent............... 527 Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868.......... 424 5. Duration of convention..-........ 527 Mexico, 1868.. —--. —---— 512 6. Execution of stipulations........... 527 North German Union, 1868............ 575 7. Ratifications..- -..... 527 Sweden and Norway, 1869...-... 745 Mosquito Coast, Wirtemberg, 1868. 811 Treaty relative to a ship-canal by way of- Naturalized citizens returning to original Great Britain, 1850.- -....-. 322 country, liability of, for offenses Neither power to fortify, &c., or assume committed before emigrationjurisdiction over- Austria, 1870 34 Great Britain, 1850.........-.......... -322 Baden, 1868 -.. 39 Most Favored Nation. (See Favored NYation Bavaria, 1868 -... 45 d Clause.) Belgium, 1868....... 62 3iu~der. (See Extradition.) Ecuador, 1872.-......-..-.. 198 M1uscat, Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868..-..... 424 TIrreaty of amity and commerce, Mexico, 1868 -512 September 21, 1833 -.-...528-530 North German Union, 1868 -.-..... 575 1. Perpetual peace —.............. 528 Sweden and Norway, 1869 745 864 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Naturalization-Continued. Naturalizalion-Continued. Wiirtemberg, 1868......... 811 Citizenship of inhabitants of territories Not liable for emigration itself- annexed to United States, stipulaBavaria, 1868...-... 46 tions concerningSweden and Norway, 1869....... 745 France, 1803.-23................ 233 When a naturalized citizen remains liable Mexico, 1819 -........ 714 for violation of military laws- Russia, 1848,1853....................496,505 Austria, 1870 -. —. ——.- -........... 34 Spain, 1867... -672 Baden, 1868 -.......................... 39 Navigation, (see Reciprocal Conmmercial AgreeBelgium, 1868-62 men. 6,) Sweden and Norway, 1869........-.... 746 Of the Amazon River..-75 Naturalization may be renounced- Of the Arkansas River -- —..- -........475, 713 Austria, 1870 ----------------------- 34 Of the Bosphorus... -.. —... 588 Baden, 1868 ----------- - 40 Of the Bravo River.................... 495 Bavaria, 1868 -4 —-..5-.. — -........... 45 Of the Canadian canals - -3.. 31.,:64 Ecuador, 1872 ---------- - 198 Of the Colorado River- -.... 495 Great Britain, 1870 ---------- - 349 Of the Columbia River. 3.21 Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868.......... 424 Of the Dardanelles -588 Mexico, 1868....-..... 512 Of the Detroit River -319 North German Union, 1868. -.... 576 Of the Gila River -495 Sweden and Norway, 1869 —.. —....-. 746 Of the Gulf of California --------- 495 Wirtemberg, 1868 ------------------- 811 Of Lake Michigan......332, 364 Renunciation does not entitle recovery of Of the La Plata River.....- - -..75 former citizenship without consent Of the Mississippi Riverof the government- Great Britain, 1782, 1783 -...-..........263, 268 Bavaria, 1868- 46 Spain, 1795...705 46 ~~~~~~~~~~~705 A return of the naturalized citizen to his Of the Pacific Ocean. —--- - - ---—. —-- 664 original country is not of itself a Of the Paraguay River ---- - ---- 594 renunciation- Of the Paraug River ---------- - -—.-... 15 Austria, 1870 -—.-..................... 34 Of the Porcupine River-.-.-.... 364 Baden, 1868 -------------------------- 40 Of the Red River. —. —..-.............475,713 No fixed period of residence in original Of the Sabine River..... —-.475,713 country makes of itself a renuncia- Of the Saint Clair River. 319 tion- Of the Saint Clair Flats Canal..-.. 364 ~Austria, 1870-~34 Of the Saint John River, New Brunswick. 317 Baden, 1868 -------------------------- 39 Of the Saint Lawrence River.. —-.319, 331,364 Of the Stikine River - —.......... 364 A residence in native country without. Of the Uruguay River6-15 intent to return to adopted country Of the Yukon River- 364 works renunciation-.................... Bavaria, 1868......................... 45 Netherlands, Denmrark, 1872 ----------------------- 177 Treaty of amity aiid commerce, Ecuador, 1872 198 -October ~-, 1T ——.-.18......533-541 Hesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868....... 424 1. Peace and friendship —---— 533 Mexico, 1868-512 2. Privileges of subjects of the NetherNorth German Union, 1868............ 576 lands in the United States..-... - 533 Sweden and Norway, 1869 -....-.-.... 746 3. Privileges of citizens of the United Wiirtemberg, 1868...- 811 States in the Netherlands..-..534 intent not to return, when may be held to 4. Liberty of conscience...-.. 534 exist- Rights of burial 534 Bavaria, 1868......................... 45 5. Each party to protect the vessels of Denmark, 1872....................... 177 the other in its dominions -------- 534 Ecuador, 1872.-. —-............... 198 To recover and restore them when capHesse, Grand Duchy of, 1868 ---------- 424 tured -.......... 534 Mexico, 1868 --—.. —.............. 513 To convoy them in certain cases —- 534 Sweden and Norway, 1869............. 746 6. Disposal of property -5..... 35 Wiirtemberg, 1868 -—................ 811 Succession to estates. -.............. 535 Presumption may be relbutted- Naturalization not required...-..... 535 Ecuador, 1872........................ 198 Property of minor heirs. —......... 535 Mexico, 1868.-...................... 513 Appointment of curators, when —. —- 355 Naturaized citizens my re-acire citi 7. Employment of attorneys and agents. 535 zenship in original country in the 8. Vessels, &c., not to be seized or demanner provided by law- tained 535 Belgium, 1868 62 Private property not to be taken Denmark, 1872 ---------- 177 without consent ------- - 535 Arrests, &c., for crime or debt.-.... 535 In the manner and on the conditions pre- 9. Maemet of business-o et535 9. Management of business............ 535 scribed by the respective govern- 10. Neutrl tde in ime of ar55 ments- ~~~~~~~~10. Neutral trade in timne-of war.....535 mcntsments Britain, 1870 349 11. Vessels to exhibit sea-letters and docGreat Britafin, 1870. mn-................ 535 349 ~urnlcuts..............535 Sweden and Norway, 18~69............. 745 Sweden and Porway, 169.. If no contraband on board, shall Renunciations made prior to May 13, pass -5....3..........-........530536 1870 — Vessels under convoy not to be exStipulations with Great Britain relative amined-536 to, 1.870-........................349. 12. Procedure when contraband found on Convention with Great Britain con- board.-.............. 536 cerning, 1871-.-.-......... -..354, 355 No sale, &c., without adijudicatibn... -536 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIEs. 865 Page. Pago, Netherl.mds —Continued. Ne!herlands-Continued. Goods not contraband not to be con- 2. Tonnage duties, &c. -.-......... 543 fiscated -..... --................ 536 3. Privileges of consuls and vice-consuls. 543 Liability for wrongful detention-... 536 4. Nationality of vessels............ 543 Free ships make free goods.......... 536 5. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 543 Neutrality extended to persons.-.. 536 6. Duration of treaty..................- - 544 Neutral property on enemy's vessel.. 536 \ 7. Ratifications.- - --- --- -... —- 544 13. Commanders of armed vessels to do no Supplemnental commercial coninjury -..-...... -.e.......... 536, 537 vention, August'269 1~52-544-546 Satisfaction for damages.. 537 Substitution for treaty of 1839. ——. 544 14. Captains or fitters-out of privateers to 1. Duties on imports and exports in vesgive bond........................ 537 sels of either nation -.... 544 15. Vessels recaptured from pirates to Bounties and drawbacks...... 545 be restored to owners-.- 537 2. Reciprocity extended to colonies -.. 545 16. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 537 3. Tonnage duties, &c. —--------—. 545 Shipwrecked property to be restored. 537 4. Coasting-trade reserved ---- — o.... 545 Passports to shipwrecked persons --. 537 Fisheries reserved...-. 545 17. Asylum to vessels in distress......... 537 What to be considered coasting-trade- 545 18. Agreement in case of war between the Vessels may proceed from port to port. 545 parties — May discharge or complete cargoes... 545 Time allowed residents to remove —. 538 5. Discriminating duties, regulation of - 545 Their effects or persons not to be 6. Duration of treaty. 546 seized. - -...... —-, 0 5:38 7. Ratifications...... —-. —------------ 546 Safe-conduct to be given them -. —-. 538 Coanvention. respecting consuls When prizes not to be adjudged law- of the United States in ful.as @. e..., r..... 538 Dutch colonies, January 19. Letters of marque not to be accepted 229 IS55................. 546-549 from an enemy................... 538 1. Consular officers of United States to Persons accepting such commissions be admitted into colonies of the punishable'as pirates.. 538 Netherlands.547 20. Vessels coming upon coasts or touch- 2'. Their official functions.. O 547 ing at ports............ - - 538 To be subject to the laws.. - 547 21. Consular officers to be accepted --—. 538 3. Commissions and exequaturs.-... 547 Their functions, how to be regulated. 538 Withdrawal of exequaturs...... -.... 547 22. Treaty not to derogate from treaty be- 4. Arms and inscriptions-........ 547 tween the United States and No right of asylum, &ce.. —. 5-47 France -- - e - -.....- 538,539 5. Inviolability of archives.s...... 547 Nor hinder accession by King of 6. No diplomatic character............. 547 Spain- 539 Communications with the government 547 23. Aid to United States in making treat- 7. Vice-consuls, establishment of....- 547 ies with the Barbary powers...... 539 Who eligible to appointment....... 547, 548 24. Contraband articles................ 539 Approval and certificate............. 548 Goods not contraband. -...... 539 Withdrawal of approval.-.. —,.-.- 548 Definition of blockade.............. 539 8. Passports, effect of............. 548 25. Sea-letters or passports for vessels... 539 9. Shipwrecks, proceedings in case of... 548 When to be renewed................ 539 10. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 548 Manifests of cargo, 539, 540 11. Citizens of United States dying intes26. Regulation of visits at sea........... 540 tate-.................. 548 27. Crews of vessels where may be sup- Information to be forwarded 548 plied....................... 540 12. Settlement of disputes between masPrior engagements not to be interfered ters and crews.-... 549 with 540 13. Exemption of consular officers from 28. Infractions of treaty, regulation of-.- 540 taxes, &c........................ 549 29. Ratifications...- O.,..540, 541 When doing business, liability of —.- 549 Convention relative to vessels When subjects of the Netherlands, recaptured, October S, liability of.. -.. 549 1S72 ------------.-. 541, 542 14. Further privileges, when granted.... 549 1. When recaptured vessels shall be re- 15. Duration of convention.............. 549 stored to owners.-.............. 541 Ratifications —... -—......-..-.... 549 2. When they shall belong to the captor. 541 Neutrality, (see Interoceanic Communications; 3. Vessels recaptured by ships of war to Neutrals; Nreutral Vessels; Privabe restored....................... 541 teers,) Distribution of gratifications........ 541 Violations of, in building, arming, &c., or Valuation of distributive parts, how increasing the force of cruisersregulated.-........... 542 Great Britain, 1794, 1871............. — 273, 358 4. Restitution of prizes, when to be In permitting neutral ports to be made made 542 bases of hostile operations5. Admission of vessels of war and their Great Britain, 1794, 1871.............. 273, 358 prizes into ports......-........ 542 Consuls to see that neutrality is observed Unloading and sale of prizes......... 542 by vessels of their nationLegality of prizes, how decided.... 542 New Granada, 1850..... —--.............. — 563 6. Prize regulations, how may be made. 542 Neutlrals, (see Privateers; Prizes,) Treaty orf co.mmer'ce arned savi- Each party to protect the vessels and gaton, January 9, 1 839.542-544 effects of the other in waters within 1. Duties on imports and exports in ves- its jurisdictionsels of either nation -............. 543 Algiers, 1815,1816.................i.-. 7,11 Bounties and drawbacks.-.......-.. 543 France, 1778.o —.o - o 205 R S IV —— 55 866 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Neutrals-Continued..Neutrals-Continued. Great Britain, 1794...... -............. 81 Neutrals taken on enemy's vessel to be set Morocco, 1787,1836..................518, 522 at libertyNetherlands, 1782..................... 534 Morocco, 1787, 1836...........517, 521. Prussia, 1785, 1799 -.-...........642,643,250 Tripoli, 1796,1805..................755,758 Tripoli, 1796, 1805 - _......755,759 Tunis, ~1797........................... 763 Tunis, 1797-.............765 Neutrals may trade with an enemy of the To recover and restore vessels, &c., other party except in contraband captured within its jurisdiction- of warFrance, 1778..... 205 Bolivia, 1858.......... 7 Netherlands, 1782-...-.. 534 Brazil, 1828.......................... 84 Prussia, 1785, 1799...................643, 650 Central America, 1825................. -98 To use utmost endeavor to obtain satis- Chili 1832........................... 107 faction in such case- Colombia, 1824.-.. —-------—. — 152 Great Britain, 1794.............- 281 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 181 Enemy's vessels not to follow vessels of Ecuador, 1839.. -..... 190 one party from port of the other France 1778,1800....... 09, 27 for twenty-four hours- Guatemala, 1849.....,. 381 Algiers, 1815, 1816.................... 7,11 Hayti, 1864. —---............... — —. 415 Morocco, 1787, 1836..................518, 522 Italy, 1871...... -.-..... -442 Tripoli, 1796,1805-............... 755, 759 Mexico, 1831. 480 Tunis,'1797....................... 765 New Granada, 1846....... 553 Neither party to give offensive or defen- Peru, 1851.... -......... 617 sive aid to an enemy of the other- Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 604 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828 -.. —....646, 653, 659 Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828.-........644,651,659 Neutrals bound to prevent the fitting out, San Salvador, 1850.................... 678 &c., of vessels intended to carry on Spain, 1795............................ 707 war against a power with which Sweden, 17837.. -............. i24 they are at peace- Sweden and Norway, 1827....... 741 Great Britain, 1871.................... 358 Venezuela, 1836, 1860................790, 801 To prevent the departure of such vessels Nreutral Vessels, from their jurisdiction — Protect enemies, except officers and solGreat Britain, 1871.................... 358 diers in actual serviceNot to permit their ports to be made bases Brazil, 1828....-....... 84 of hostile naval operations- Central America, 1825 -............. 98 Great Britain, 1871..-.... - 358 Chili, 1832............................ 107 Not to permit renewal or augmentation of Colombia, 1824...................... 152 military supplies or recruitment of Dominican Republic, 1867............. 182 men- Ecuador, 1839 -—.-.......- -..- - 190 Great Britain, 1871..................... 358 France, 1798, 1800..................... 210,228 To use due diligence to prevent violation Guatemala, 1849...................... 381 of neutral obligations- Hayti, 1864-. 416 Great Britain, 1871.................... 358 Italy, 1871.-4.......-.. 443 Neutral property found in enemy's vessels Mexico, 1831 480 to be protected unless contraband Netherlands, 1782..................... 536 of war- New Granada, 1846................... 553 Bolivia, 1858 -.................... 72 Peru, 1851-..... 618 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 182 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 604 *Hayti, 1864'-........................ 416 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828...,.....644, 651,659 Morocco, 1787, 1836.....-517, 521 San Salvador, 185.0-............... 679 Peru, 1856-... 624 Spain, 1795 -..-........... 708 Russia, 1854........................... 670 Sweden, 1783......................... 724 Two Sicilies, 1855-..................... 777 Sweden and Norway, 1827-..... 741 Such property if captured to be restored- Venezuela, 1836,1860.-...........791,801,802 Morocco, 1787, 1836. —..-5.. 7.., 521 Protect enemy's property except contra: Tunis, 417971 —- -. -................ 763 baud of warTripoli, 1796,1805....................755,758 Algiers, 1815,1816.................... 6, 10 Such property to be confiscated- Bolivia, 1858................-. 72 France, 1778...........-207,208 Brazil, 1828 ----- ------ - 84 Such property liable to confiscation unless Central America, 1825.-............... 98 put on board in ignorance of the Chili, 1832 107 war- Colombia, 1824.. —--. —..- -......... 153 Brazil, 1828......... 85 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 182 Central America, 1825................ 98 Ecuador, 1839........................ 190 Chili, 1832....................... -.. 107 France, 1778, 18002....2..10,228 Colombia, 1824....................... 153 Guatemala, 1849....................... 381 Ecuador, 1839.. 191 Hayti, 1864...-. 416 France, 1800.. -2.28 Italy, 1871-........................... 443 Guatemala, 1849...................... 381 Mexico, 1831........,....... 480 Mexico, 1831. —.......... 480 Netherlands, 1782..................... 526 Netherlands, 1787. —...... 536 New Granada, 1846................... 553 New Granada, 1846 ------- -—.-....... 554 Peru, 1851.-.......617, 618 Peru, 1851 - 618 Peru-Bolivia, 183660 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.....,. -............. - 605 Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828 "] ].']]:644, 651,659 San Salvador, 1850.. —........ 679 Russia, 1854 670 Sweden, 17-83 -............. -........... 726 San Salvador, 1850.. -... -... -...678, 679 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-......735, 741 Spain, 1795..........,... 708 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 867 Page. Page. NYeutral Vessels-Continued. New Granada-Continued. Sweden, 1783 -.-..... -. ~. 724 Access to judicial tribunals..... 553 Sweden and Norway, 1827.-....-. 741 Employment ofattorneys, agents, &c. 553 Tripoli, 1796,1805- -....................785,758 14. Liberty of conscience............... 553 Tunis, 1797 -—... —..:-..:.. —! - 763 Rights of burial —. —............... 553 Two Sicilies, 1855. —. —. —- --- -- -----— 777 15. N1eutral trade in time of war..-....... 553 Venezuela, 1836, 1860.- - -..... ---....790, 801 Free ships make free goods.......... 553 The preceding rules applicable to the Neutrality extended to persons 553 commerce and navigation of con- Applicability of stipulations......... 554 curring powers- 16. Neutral property on enemy's vessel. 554 Bolivia, 1858-.............. 73 17. Contraband articles 554 Brazil, 1828....-.. 84 18. Merchandise not contraband.- 5.. 54 Central America, 1825 -.-....-. 98 19. Confiscation of contraband goods -—. 554 Chili, 1832....... —..... 107 Vessels surrendering contraband not Colombia, 1824. —---------------—.. 153 to be detained.....-...-... 555 Dominican Republic, 1867 ---- -.....182 Detained vessels to be sent in for jndgEcuador, 1839 - --. —.. —------- 190 mIent ---------....555 Guatemala, 1849..............-...... 381 20. Blockaded ports, regulations at. ——. 555 HIayti, 1864...............-.... -- -- - 416 f21. Regulation of visits at sea —-....-. 555 Italy, 1871...-......... -443 22. Sea-letters or passports.... 555 Mexico, 1831......................... 480 Certificates of cargo................. 555 New Granada, 1846..-....-.. 554 23. Vessels under convoy not to be oxPeru, 1851 -.. —...... —. ——. —----- 618 amined -------------------------- 556 Peru-Bolivia, 1836. ——...... —.-..- 605 24. Prize causes, adcljudclication of... —... 556 Russia, 1854- - 670 25. Hostilities between the parties, how San Salvador, 1850 -. —-—. —---—. -- 679 shall be carried on --------------- 556 Spain, 1819 -.......-..... 716 26. Letters of marque not to be accepted Two Sicilies, 1855 -....-...........-... 777 from an enemy-..... 556 Venezuela, 1836. —.....- 791 Penalty for accepting such commisNeutral vessels not to be confiscated when sion 556 found in a besieged port after cap- 27. Agreement in case of war between the ture- partiesBolivia, 1858 -.-....... 73 Time allowed merchants to remove.. 556 Brazil, 1828 ----- -------- 85, 86 Safe conduct to be given them.. ——.- 556 Central America, 1825.-............... 99 Other citizens may remain.......... 556 Chili, 1832....-.... 108 Protection to liberty and property..- 556 Colombia, 1824.. —.... 154 28. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 556 Dominican Republic, 1867 - -....181 29. Envoys, ministers, &c.........-.... 557 Ecuador, 1839 192 30. Consuls and vice-consuls. -... 557 France, 1800 —-----—..... 228 31. Commissions and exequaturs........ 557 Guatemala, 1849 382 32. Exemptions of consular officers.- 557 Hayti, 1864 -......-... 416 When engaged in business, liability of 557 italy, 1871..........- -. 442 Inviolability of archives........ 557 Mexico, 1831 481 33. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 557 New Granada, 1846 - - - -.... -.. 555 34. A consular convention to be formed.. 558 Peru,1851 - -619 35. Privileges in ports of New Granada.. 558 Peru-Bolivia, 1836..- —............ 606 Transit across Isthmus of Panama'.. 558 San Salvador, 1850. - 680 Guaranty of right of way -.... 558 Venezuela, 1836,1860-...-.......792, 801 Discriminating tolls not to be levied. 558.Ncwfoundland c, No import duties on products of the Treaty stipulations extended to- United States in transit... -... - -. 558 Great BritaIn, 1854,1871...... —....332, 366 Neutrality guaranteed by United N.ew Granada, (see Colombia,) States -.........558 Treaty of peace, anaity, ynavy- Guaranty of sovereignty, &c., of New gaio-a a~dt counanleeree Granada......... 558 I]eceimben- 129 1 6...-_.. 550-559 -Duration of treaty.-............. 559 1. Peace and friendship.-...... 550 Alteration of treaty................. 559 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- Infringement of treaty -- ------—... 559 come common.- - -.- 550 Reprisals and declarations of war.... 559 3. Freedom of navigation and commerce 550 Special advantages, how understood. 559 Coasting trade reserved....-.-.. 551 36. Ratifications......................... 559 4. Importations and exportations in yes- Additional articlesels of either niition-.. 551 Nationality of vessels................. 559 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks-.... 551 Effect of additional article —. —------- 559 5. Duties on products of either country. 551 Ratifications.-.:..............- -.-. 559 6. Applicability of Articles III, IV, and V 551 Coasalar coavention, May 4, No discriminating duties to be im- t50 --—. —----—.5 ——. —---— 560-563 posed ------------ - 551 1. Consular officers may be maintained. 560 7. Management of business, &c.-. 551,522 Residence and duties of consuls ----- 560 8. No embargo without indemnification. 552 Consuls-general, functions of....... 560 9. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 552 Vice-consuls, appointment of........ 560 10. Captures by pirates-..-..... 552 2. Commissions and exequaturs...... 560 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck k..... 552 3. Powers of consular officers — 12. Disposal of real and personal propsrty 552 Application to local or national Succession to estates- 552 authorities 561 Duties same as payable by natives... 552 Protection and defense of citizens... 561 13. Protection to persons and property. 553 Manifests of vessels..'....... 561 ~86~~8 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Nezo Granada-Continued. Nicaragua-Continued. Presence at trials. —--—.. —.. ——... 561 6. Importations and exportations in yesProtests and declarations............ 561 sels of either nation -......567 Settlement of damages at sea-..... 561 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks...-. 567 Compromise of differences between 7. Management of business, &c....-... 568 citizens. —.-. —-----—. ------- 561 Employment of agents. -.. 568 Settlement of disputes between Liberty of trade —---- -- - 568 masters and crews -------—.-... 561 Protection to persons and property-. 568 Wrecked vessels, proceedings in Access to judicial tribunals.......... 568 case of. —.. —. —-------------—. 561 Employment of attorneys, &c....-. 568 Administration of intestate estates -. 562 8. Police of ports —--. ——.,-.......... 568 Reclamation of deserters from vessels 562 Lading and unlading ships.......... 568 Documents and papers............. 562 Safety of merchandise............. 568 Bills of health 562 Succession to personal estates -. —--- 568 Verification of invoices, &e. —. —-- 562 Disposal of personal property ---—.. 568 Consular secretaries —- -....... -- 562 Duties same as payable by native Commercial agents -—..... 562 citizens --- -------— 568 4. Employment of good offices.... 562 Real estate, provisions applicable to-. 565 5. Prerogatives of consular officers- Time allowed heirs for disposal of - -. 568 To have no diplomatic character.... 562 Duties same as payable by citizens.. 568 Inviolability of archives 562 Intestate estates -- - -- -- 568 Jurisdiction, independence of-... 562 Nomination of curators - -....... 568,569 Exemption from personal service, &c. 563 9. Intermarriage with natives.......... 569 To whom exemption does not extend. 563 Acquirement and possession of propTestimony in judicial proceedings... 563 erty............................. 569 Flags and inscriptions.-.... 563 Naturalization not required......... 569 No right of asylum, &c-..... 563 Exemption from military service, 6. Consuls subject to laws of the country 563 forced loans, &c.................. 569 7. Not to give passports in certain cases. 563 Ordinary taxes payable -... 569 To see that vessels preserve neutrality 563 Property not to be taken without 8. Ratifications -----.-.-.......... —- 563 compensation -................... 569 9. Duration of treaty —-.. ——. —..... 563 Freedom of travel and intercourse... 569 C. rB~ai~is co~n~v flon Se~terwbcP ~ 10. Consuls, appointment of............ 569 1@, 1Sju-56s conveia'a September4, 565 Commissions and exequaturs....-... 569 1. Acknowledgment of liability by New Privileges of diplomati agents and Granada ------ ---------- ------.l~564 consuls 569 Claims to be referred to commis- 11. Agreement in case of war between sioners ---- -. — -- -- 564 the partiesAppointment of commissioners.-.... 564 Time allowed residents to remove... 569 Vacancies, how filled —---—.- - 564 Safe-conduct to be given them -...... 569 Meeting and oath of commissioners.. 564 Who may remain and continue their Selection of arbitrator or umpire-.. 564 employments....................-569 2. Examination of claims. —--—. —---- 564 Their effects not to be seized.- 5.70 Procedure -----—... —.. —. —-. —. 564 Debts, &c., ndt to be confiscated..... 570 Papers to be furnished....... 565 12. Religious liberty. - 570......... Determination of awards-............ 565 Rights of burial -—.. ——..- -......570 Reference to umpire, when...-. 565 13. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 570 Decision of umpire final............. 565 14. Transit between Atlantic and Pacific 3. Certificates of award -.... —----—.. 565 oceansPayment of awards................. 565 Right of, granted to United States._ 570 Appropriations for payment......... 565 Sovereignty of Nicaragua over routes 4. Termination of commission.......... 565 reserved —- ---- ------ 570 Records and secretary -............. 565 15. Protection to routes of communica5. Proceedings to be conclusive........ 565 tion-570 6. Expenses of the commission......... 565 Guaranty of neutrality of routes... 570 7. Ratifications.. -..-.. -.. 565 Free ports to be established -...... 570 No duties on merchandise in transit. 571 Nicaragnua, Conveyance of troops of United Stipulations respecting a ship-canal by States. 571 way of- No charges for transportation..-. - 571 Great Britain, 1850....... 322 No discriminating tolls on merchanNeither party to fortify, colonize, or ex- dise-...... 571 ercise dominion over — Closed mails of United States -..... 571 Great Britsin,1850.,,................... 322 16. Nicaragua to protect persons and ~'Teanty of rie lfed tliDi9 co uei-ee, property......... 571 nsd navigaion,.1aunae i 11 When United States may employ It ~~7 -—. —-. ——. —-—. —-. —-566-572 military force.. —-------—. —-—. 571 1. Peace and friendship -...... —------- 566 When such force shall be withdrawn. 571 2. Freedom of commerce —. —--------- 566 Authority to forces of the United Rights of residence and business..... 566 States in emergencies. —--—. —-. 571 Ships of war and post-office packets 566 Powers, how to be exercised...-... 571 Coasting-trade reserved....-566, 567 Laws not to affect treaty obligations. 571 3. Favors granted to other nations to 17. Withdrawal of guarantees by United become common.....-.......... 567 States -....-............- -...571,572 4. Duties on products of either country. 567 18. Grants and contracts- -- -.. 572 Prohibitions to be general-.-........ 567 19. Limit to dividends of railroad com5. Tonnage duties, &c...-.....-.. 567 panics -...........................572 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 869 Page. Page. Nicaragua-Continued. Orange Free State-Continued. Reduction of tolls....572 Duties same as payable by native Duration of treaty. ——.. —-- ---—. 572 citizens....-.-................... 531 Ratifications........ -572 Property of absent heirs to be cared Extradtiaon cojveteoii, J e aae for -..-..-..-.-... 581 259 It0 --....................573, 574 Real estate, time allowed heirs for disI. Fugitives from justice to be delivered posal of -...... 581 up -—. —---------------------- 573 Charges payable same as by native citiEvidence of criminality required.... 573 zens -................-........ 581 2. Crimes for which surrender may be 4. Controversies among claimants, decismade............................ 573 ion of.-.... —-. —. 581 3. Political offenses not included.. -...- 574 5. Consular officers, appointment of- - - - 581 Surrendered persons not to be tried Commissions and exequaturs. —----- 581 for previous ordinary offenses... 574 When in business, to be slubject to the 4. When extradition may be deferred... 574 laws -. -. —..-..... - -..... o.581 5. Requisitions and procedure- Withdrawal of exequaturs.......... 581 When fugitive convicted of crime.... 574 Punishment for violations of law.... 581 When fugitive charged with crime... 574 Inviolability of archives............ 581 Surrender, how made............ 574 6. Equality of duties upon the products 6. Expenses of arrest, &c. - -. -- __.- 574 of either country D. 581 7. Duration of convention...... 574 7. Favors granted to other nations to Ratifications.................... 574 become common.-. — ---- - - -. - 581 North German Union. (See German:Emyire; 8. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Prussia.) up............................... 582 Naturalizuataon co-nvenationi, Feb- Requisitions, how made..-... -.. 582 rtaarEy 22, 1S6a. -.. >. 575-577 Evidence of criminality required. —- 582 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi- 9. Crimes for which surrender may be zes.575 made............................ 582 Declaration of intention, effect of.... 575 10. Surrender, how made -. —.. ——. --- 582 Application of article..... 575 11. Expenses of detention and delivery -. 582 2. Liability for offenses committel be- 12. Past and political offenses not infore emigration.. —.- 575 eluded.... _.-. 582 3. Extradition convention with Prussia 13. Duration of convention...- - o. 582 and other states extended to Ger- 14. Ratifications..o- e -.-.. - 582 manic Confederation............575, 576 Ottoman Eimpire, 4. Renunciation of naturalization.... 576 Treaty of commierce andl naviIntent not to return, when may be gationa lRIMay 9, 1S53@.. 583-585 held to exist............... 576 1. Privileges of merchants in either 5. Duration of convention O.......... 576 country......... -. _. 583 6. Ratifications....................... 576 Duties and imports................. 583 Protocol, June 12, 1871- Traveling passports. —.. —..- - 583 Amendment of Article I.......... 576 2. Consuls and vice-consuls........-. 583 Acceptance of amendment.........5.76, 577 3. Employment of brokers............. 584 Visits to American vessels by customs officers........................... 584 O. 4. Settlement of disputes between OttoOldenburgq, man subjects and American citizens 584 Accession to treaty with lanoR- American dragoman to be present at ver, 1arclh 10 1....... 578 trials....................... 584 Declaration of accession to treaty of. When causes to be submitted to SubcommLerce and navigation of June 10, lime Porte....................... 584 1846, with Hanover.-... 578 When Americans not to be molested 584 Accession to convention withi Criminal offenses by Americans, conPrussia aed othe' states, sular jurisdiction of.............- 584 December 309, 1S53... 579 5. United States flag to be respected.-. 584 Declaration of accession to extradition Not to be loaned, &ce --—. ——. 584 convention of June 16, 1852, with Rayahs not to be protected........... 584 Prussia and other states of the Ger- 6. Vessels of war to exhibit courteous manic Confederation. 579 treatment.. —- ------ -------—. 584 Orange lFree State, 7. Passage of the Dardanelles by vessels Convention of fIiendslaip, coian- of the United States.. 584 merce, and extradition, I 8. Merchant-vessels not to be impressed. 584 Beeeeniber 22, 11.... —- 580-582 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 584 1. Reciprocal equality of citizens of Recovery of effects..... D 584 either country.-. 580 Ratifications.. —- ---- --- - 584 Conditions imposed upon residents Tneaty of conmmerce adt ravl~same as upon native citizens.... 580 gation, FebQ 25, 1~62....585-591 Privileges not to include political 1. Privileges of citizens of the United rights....... — 580 States in Ottoman dominions con2. Exemptions from forced military firmed.... — --------------—............. 585 service, &e....................... 580 Favors granted to other nations to exNo higher taxes than are imposed tend to the United States..a. 585 upon native inhabitants. —.. ——. 580 2. Purchase of Ottoman products --.. 586 Private property not to be taken with- Permits from local governors abolout compensation'..-. DO- 580 ishecl. -586 3. Disposalof personal property..-.... 581 3. Internal trade in Turkey...... 586 Succession to personal estates...... 581 Duties on articles of Ottoman produce 586 870 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Ottoman Enmpire-Continued. Panama, Isthmus of. (See Guarantee; Inter4. Duties on exports in either country - 586 oceanic Communications.) Prohibitions to be general........... 586 Paraguay, Limitation of export duties in Otto- Claiis convention, Wel uuuary man dominions.......... -... ---- -586 4,9 J-9........................592,593 Annual reduction of export duties... 586 Settlement of claims of United Staites and 5. Duties on imports in either country.586, 587 Paraguay Navigation Company. — 592 Prohibitions to be general -.......... 587 1. Paraguay to accept decree of comLimitation of import duties in Otto- missioners -----—.. ——.. —---—. 592 man dominions.................... 587 2. Appointment of commissioners.....-. 592 Re-exportation, regulation of -,.... — 587 Selection of umpire --------—....... 592 6. Importations into Moldo-Wallachia, Investigation of claims.............- 593.or Servia...........587 3. Oath of commissioners 593 Through those principalities to other 4. Meeting of commissioners -593 ports 5................... 87 Duration of session -.................-. 593 Exports from principalities or ports-. 587 When decision to be proclaimed... 593 Import or export duties payable but 5. Payment of award- -------- 593 once............................. 587 6. Expenses of commission...-....... 593 7. Warehousing, bounties, facilities, and 7. Ratifications. --—.... 593 drawbacks -.................... 587 Wrealy of friendship comniae-ce, 8. Importations and exportations in y-ves- aand navigation, Felwnuary sels of either nation....... 588 4l, 1]59.-..............594-598 Equality of duties, treatment, &c... 588 1. Peace and friendship.-.. —-------—. 594 9. Tonnage, light, harbor, and other dues 588 2. Privileges of citizens of United States 10. Nationality of vessels -... 588 in Paraguay11. Free passage of the Dardanelles and Free navigation of rivers Paraguay Bosphorus....................... 588 and Parand —. —. -.- ------------ 594 Transit magazines for goods landed.. 588 Freedom of commerce and navigation. 594 Care of goods where no entrepot ---- 588 Rights of residence and business ---- 594 12. Reduction of transit duties in Otto- Ports of Pilar and Assumption... 594 man dominions....... 589 Privileges of citizens of Paraguay in Prevention of revenue frauds...... 589 the United States...-.... 595 13. Privileges of traders................ -589 3. Favors granted to other nations to 14. Tobacco and salt in Ottoman domin- become common -..595 ions, importation of prohibited.... — 589 4. Duties ou products of either country. 595 Regulation of internal trade in...... 589 Prohibitions to be general...-.. 595 No duty on exportation of........... 589 5. Tonnage, light, or harbor dues, &c.-. 595 Supervision of custom-house authori- 6. Importations and exportations in yesties...............................589 sels of either nation.............. 595 15. Gunpowder, arms, &c., importation of 7. Nationality of vessels............... 595 in Ottoman Empire may be pro- 8. Import and export duties in either hibited........................... 589 country...-.......... 595 Notice of prohibition to be given —.- 589 9. Management of business, &e........- 596 When not prohibited, regulation of Employment of agents..............- 596 trade in.......................... 589 Liberty of trade.-................... 596 Special license, when granted...-.. 589 Protection to persons and property.. 596 Particular stipulations respecting sale Access to judicial tribunals......... 596 of gunpowder-....-.- 589 Employment of attorneys, &ce.-..... 596 Respecting storage, &c., of gun- 10. Police of ports-........... 596 powder. —---- --—.....- 590 Lading and unlading ships. —------- 596 Sporting articles, &c., not subject to Safety of merchandise and effects ---- 596 these restrictions................. 590 Disposal of personal property....... 596 16. Firmans for vessels passing the Dar- Succession to personal estates........ 596 danelles and Bosphorus -. —------- 590 Administration of justice -......... 596 17. Duty of masters of vessels arriving at Duties payable same as by native citiports in Ottoman dominions- zeus............................. 596 Copies of manifests to be deposited in Estates of residents dying intestate-. 596 custom-house..................... 590 11. Exemption from military service, 18. Confiscation of contraband articles. - 590 forced loans, &c.................. 596 19. Privileges of Ottoman subjects inthe 12. Consuls, appointment of.... —.. 596 United States.................... 590 Commissions and exequaturs.. 596 20. Effect and duration of treaty -... 590 Privileges of diplomatic agents and Execution of stipulations.-. 590 consuls.......................... 597 21. Construction of treaty..-.... 591 13. Agreement in case of war between 22. Tariff of custom-house duties.... 591 the partiesContinuance of tariff-:............... 591 Residents may remain and continue Revision of tariff........ -...... 591 their employments ---—. ------ 597 23. Ratifications. —--------------------- 591 Their effects not to be seized........ 597 Time allowed to settle their affairs ] ~ ~ ~ ~iP. and depart....._.. 597 Pacific Ocean, Safe-conduct to be given them -. —-. - 597 Stipul ations respecting navigation, fish- Public funds not to be confiscated -.- 597 eries, &c., in — 14. Protection of the government..-.... 597 Russia., 1824............... —.664,.665 Religious liberty.............. 597 Ptackcets. (See Post-Office Packets; Passenger Rights of burial.-........ 597 Ptackets.)' 15. Duration of treaty - -.....- —. 597 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 871 Page. Page. Paraguay-C ontinued. Persia-Continued. Notice by Paraguay................. 598 Nor to suffer departure from prin16. Ratifications-. 598 ciples of treaty.................. 601 Paranc River, Consuls engaging in trade to be subFree navigation of- ject to laws 601 Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 15 Number of domestics allowed diploParaguay, 1859.-..................... 594 matic and consular officers in PerParricide. (See Extradition.) 601 Passenger Packets, 8. Duration of treaty...... 601 Privileges to, in ports of eitherparty- Ratifications........................ 601 Argentine Confederation, 1853....... 17 Personal Property, (see Aubaine, droit d'; ConCosta Rica, 1851 -........159 suls; Detraction, droit de; SuccesHonduras, 1864....................... 426 sion,) Nicaragua, 1867 -..-........ 566 Citizens of each country in the other, Peru, 1851........................... 615 may own, succeed to, and dispose ~Passenqers, (see ~ Ve~ssels,) ~of, paying such dues only as native P'assengers, (see VFessels,) citizens — Differences between officers of vessels aifne d, bows settled-en ofcrofvsArgentine Confederation, 1853........ 18,19 an d, bow settled- ~~~Italdy, 1868-..~~~..Austria, 1829,1848 - 23,25 Italy, 1868............................ 434 Bavaria, 1845-. 41,42 _Passl3orts, Bolivia, 1858.......................... 71 For vessels, effect of-(see Prizes; Ves- Brazil, 1828.. -83 sels, P) Brnnswick and Luneberg, 1854........ 93 Algiers, 1815, 1816..... 6,11 Central America, 1825................ 97 Dominican Republic, 1867............182,183 Chili, 1832.-. -106 Form of, prescribed- Colombia, 1824................... 152 France, 1778, 1800. -.212,225 Costa Rica, 1851...................... 161 Spain, 1795 709 Denmark, 1826................... 169 For persons, (see Reciiprocal Privileges of Dominican Republic, 1867............. 179 Citizens, 4c.) Ecuador, 1839........................ 189 Consuls not to issue to persons under France, 1778,1853...................207,251 bail, &c.- Guatemala, 1849 ----------- 380 New Granada, 1850... 563 Hanover, 1840, 1846..................390, 394 Regulation of, in Dutch colonies — Hanseatic Republics, 1827............. 402 Netherlands, 1855 -..... 548 Hawaiian Islands, 1849...... 408 Citizens to have — Hayti, 1864........................... 414 Swiss Confederation, 1850............. 749 Hesse-Cassel, 1844.-... 422 Traveling, to be granted- I-Ionduras, 1864. —.-..-..... 428 Ottoman Empire, 1830 ---- ----- 583 Italy, 1871............................ 444 Siam, 1833. —-- -.....- - - 694,700 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.........470,471 Persia, Mexico, 1831.......................... 479 Wreaty of friendship and corn- Nassau, 1846.-.... 531 merce, Decemaber 13, Netherlands, 1782.....-.. 535 1S56..........-................599-601 Nlew Granada, 1846................... 532 1. Good understanding to prevail.. 599 Nicaragua, 1867..... -................568,569 2. Ambassadors and diplomatic agents Oldenburg, 1847....... 578 to be received —-..... — -- -—... 599 Orange Free State, 1871. 581 Their treatment, prerogatives, and im- Paraguay, 1859..-........... 596 munities ------------- 599 Peru, 1851. - 616 3. Protection to residents in bither Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 604 country --... —.. —-—... 599 Portugal, 1840..-.............. 637 Freedom of navigation and commerce. 600 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828.........643, 650, 659 Liberty and trade...... 600 Russia, 1832 ------------- 668 Internal commerce, regulation of -. — 600 San Salvador, 1850-. 677 4. Duties on imports and exports in Sardinia, 1838 688 either country 600 Saxony, 1845 690 Exceptional taxes not to be imposed. 600 Spain, 1795....................... 707 5. Settlement of disputes in Persia- Sweden, 1783 723 Between Persian subjects and citi- Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827.. 735,741 zeus of the United States.-.... 600 Swiss Confederation, 1847............. 747 Between citizens of the United States. 600 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855.-._774,781 Between subjects of foreign powers Venezuela, 1836, 1860..789,799 and citizens of the United States —.. 600 Wiirtemberg, 1844..... 809 In the United States, disputes between To be exempt from duties of detraction, Persian subjects, &c., how settled. 600 &c.Criminal offenses in either country, France, 1778..... -......-.. 206 trials for ------------- 600 Hanover, 1840 390 6. Estates of residents dying intestate, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 497 disposal of ---------- - 600 Oldenburg, 1847......-........ 578 7. Diplomatic agents at either seat of Sweden, 1783 -...........723 government --------- - 601 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827. ——.-735,741 Consuls, appointment, number, and In absence of the heirs, the property shall residence of 601 receive the same care as property Privileges and immunities of consuls 601 of native citizens — Diplomatic or consular officers of the Austria, 1829, 1848..... 23, 25 United States not to protect Per- Bavaria, 1845-........ 48 sian subjects.-.............. 601 Brunswick and Luneberg, 1854........ 93 872 iNDEX TO PUBLIC T-REATIES. Page. Page. Personal Property-Continued. Peru-Continued. Dominican Republic, 1867............. 179 5. Importations in vessels of either Hanover, 1840,1846................390, 394 nation - -------------- 614 Hawaiian Islands, 18419.......-........ 408 Equality of duties and charges -- - 614 Hayti, 1864_............... -... 414 Applicability of stipulations. 614 Hesse-Cassel, 1844.-.-............ 423 6. Duties on products of either country. 614 Honduras, 1864..... —.. 428 Prohibitions to be general...... 614 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 471 7. Exportations in vessels of either Nassau, 1846 -........ 532 nation -............... 614 Orange Free State, 1871.............-.. 581 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks - -.. 614 Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828..........643, 651,659 8. Changes in tariffs of either country, Russia, 1832................-......... 668 when to take effect, &c........... 614 Sardinia, 1838.. -................. 688 9. Coasting-trade reserved -.... 614 Saxony, 1845..............-....... 691 Vessels may proceed from port to port Spain, 1795-..................... 707 and discharge --------—. —----—. 615 Swiss Confederation.....747 May load in same manner........... 615 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855..............774,781 10. Privileges to steam-vessels of United Venezuela,1836,1860....-...789,799 States in Peruvian waters-615 Wiirtemberg, 1844 -... 810 11. Nationality of Peruvian vessels.. -. 615 Disputes as to inheritances shall be de- 12. Privileges of whale-ships of United cided by the courts of the country States in Peruvian ports.......... 615 where the property is situated- 13. Management of business by merAustria, 1829 —........ -.... 23 chants, &c..- 615 Bavaria, 1845 — -.... 42 Employment of agents 615 Brunswick and Luneberg, 1854........ 93 Right to make contracts..-..616 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 179 14. Privileges of Peruvians in mines of Hanover, 1840,1846...................390,395 California -...... -.... 616 Hawaiian Islands, 1849..........-. 408 15. Disposal of personal property........ 616 Hayti, 1864........................... 414 Succession to personal estates.-. 616 Hesse-Cassel, 1844.....,........ 423 Duties payable same as by natives... 616 Honduras, 1864......... —- 428 Real estate, time allowed heirs for Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847...........- 471 disposal of....................... - 616 Nassau, 1864.......................... 532 16. Assistance in case of shipwreck..... 616 Orange Free State, 1871............... 581 Salvage, &c ------- -------- 616 Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828..........643, 651,659 17. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 616 Russia, 1832......... -- 668 18. Captures by pirates to be restored... 617 Sardinia, 1838.-..-...- 688 19. Protection to persons and property of Saxony, 1845 -....... 691 residents......................... 617 Spain, 1795... -........................ -707 Access to judicial tribunals -... 617 Swiss Confederation, 1847. 747 Employment of attorneys, &c........ 617 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855.........-...774, 781 Regulation in case of arrest, &c...... 617 Venezuela, 1836,1860..........789,799 20. Liberty of conscience................ 617 Wiirtemberg, 1844...................- - 810 Rights of burial -- ---... —-- 617 Peru, 21. Neutral trade in time of war......... 617 Claims convention, larch 17, Free ships make free goods.......... 617 ~l1. —..... 611,612 Neutrality extended to persons...... 618 1. Satisfaction to citizens of the United Applicability of stipulations.618 States for seizures, &c......... 611 22. Neutral property on enemy's vessels 618 Sum to be paid by Peru...... 611 23. Contraband articles specified........ 618 Distribution by United States....... 611 24, Other merchandise to be free.. - -... 618 2. Terms of payment....-. 611 Blockade defined.................... 618 3. Interest, how computed............611,612 25. Confiscation of contraband articles..618, 619 4. Manner of payment................. 612 26. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 619 5. No further demand on account of 27. Regulation of visits at sea...... 619 claims presented by S. Lamrned.... 612 28. Vessels to be furnished with passports Subsequent claims, what action upon. 612 and certificates.619,620 6. Option of Peru in mode of payment.. 612 29. Vessels under convoy not to be ex7. Ratifications................ 612 amined..........................- 620 Treaty of friendship, com- 30. Prize causes, adjudication of......... 620 merce, and navigation, 31. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 620 July 26, 851...............612,623 32. Agreement in case of wa — 1. Peace and friendship........... 613 Who may remain and continue their 2. Freedom of commerce and navigation 613 occupation.-.-. —-.............. 620 Rights of residence and business-.. 613 Time allowed merchants to remove.620, 621 Liberty of trade... -..... 613 Safe-conduct to be furnished them... 621 Taxes same as payable by native citi- 33. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 621 zens.............................. 613 34. Envoys, ministers, &ce.-... 621 Examination of books, papers, and 35. Consuls and vice-consuls..... 621 accounts -......................... 613 Commissions and exequaturs 621 Right to travel 613 36. Exemptions of consular officers...... 621 Exemption from forced loans, &c....- 613 Inviolability of archives............ 621 No embargo without indemnification 613 37. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 622 Compensation when property taken 38. Consular convention to be formed... 622 for public purposes............ -.. 613 39. Property of residents dying intestate3. Favors granted to other nations to be- Consuls to be administrators.-... 6'22 come common.................... 613 Consuls to call on local afuthorities to 4. Tonnage duties, &c -.............613, G64 assist in taking inventory &c -.... 622 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREAT-IES. 873 Page. Page. Peru-Continued. Peru-Continued. To hold estate for creditors to present Meeting of commissioners........... 631 claims.........-.. —. 622 Oath of commissioners..... 631 To dispose of effects and property, Selection of umpire -....... —----- 631 when........-. 622 Oath of umpire.-. --------- -—. — 631 40. Duration of treaty ------ -—. — 623 Death or incapacity of umpire...... 631 Infringement of treaty.............. 623 2. Investigation of claims............631,632 Acts of individuals not to disturb Each government to appoint an agent. 632 amity —.- -.................. -. 623 Decisions to be final................. 632 War not to be declared until redress Inadmissible claims -... -... 632 demanded....-........... 623 3. Time for presentation of claims... 632 Treaties with other nations not af- Decisions, when to be made......... 632 fected......................... 623 4. When awards to be paid............ 632 Ratifications.-.. 623 5. Result of proceedings to be final...-. 632 Convention relative to rights of Claims not presented to be barred' 632 neutrals at sea, July 22, 6. Expenses of commission.-....-.632, 633 1S56 -6 —----- --- --.623-625 7. Ratifications......-. 633 1. Principles recognized- 8. This convention not to be a precedent Free ships make free goods. 624 for future claims -.-. —-.-, —. 633 Neutral property on enemy's vessel not Peru-Bolivia, subject to confiscation............ 624 General convention of peace, What shall not be deemed contraband 624 frienaldship, commerce, Applicability of principles........... 624 and navigation, Novemn2. Article XXII, treaty of 1851, annulled 624 her 30, 136................602-610 3. Ulterior understanding of principles 1. Peace and friendship................ 602 declared......................... 624 2. Favors granted to other nations to 4. Other nations acceding to rules to en- become common................ 602 joy resulting rights. 624 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 602 5. Ratifications........................ 625 Rights of residence and business....602, 603 E1xplanatory convention, July Coasting-trade reserved... 603 4, 1S. -...y7..625, 626 4. Management of business, &c........ 603 Reference to Article XII, treaty of 1851... 625 No embargo without indemnification. 603 1. Limitation of exemption of whale- Exemption from forced loans, &c... 603 ships from payment of duties -... 626 5. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 603 2. Articles duty free................... 626 6. Captures by pirates to be restored.... 603 3. Amount exempted........626 7. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 603 What duties payable upon excess.... 626 8. Disposal of personal property...604 4. Effect of stipulations............- 626 Succession to personal estates........ 604 Ratifications - --------------- - 626 Duties same as payable by natives.. 604 Convention respecting vessels Real estate, time allowed heirs for "]Lizzie Thompson" and disposal of.....-.......604 "Georgiana," Decenlber 9. Protection of residents in persons 20, 162......................627,628 and property....... 604 1. King of Belgium selected as arbiter. 627 Access to judicial tribunals......... 604 2. Papers to be submitted to arbiter. -. 627 Rights of citizens, perpetuity of..... 604 3. Time for submission of documents... 627 10. Liberty of conscience.. 604 4. Decision of arbiter to be final.... 628 Rights of burial -.. -.... 604 5. Ratifications ------- ---—.. 628 11. Neutral trade in time of war.......604, 605 Claims convention, January 12, Free ships make free goods.......... 605 163..........................628-630 Neutrality extended to persons... 605 1. Claims to be referred to a mixed corn- Applicability of stipulations........ 605 mission..628 12. Neutral property on enemy's vessel 605 Number and appointment of commis- 13. Contraband articles specified.... 605 sioners........................... 628 14. Other merchandise to be free.......605,606 Vacancies, how filled................ 628 Blockade defined.. -.... 606 2. Selection of umpire................. 629 15. Confiscation of contraband articles.. 606 3. Meeting of commissioners........... 629 16. Blockaded ports, regulations at.... 606 Oath of commissioners and umpire... 629 17. Regulation of visits at sea.....-. - 606,607 4. Examination of claims.............. 629 18. Vessels to be furnished with passPapers to be furnished.............. 629 ports and certificates. 607 5. What agreement sufficient.......... 629 19. Vessels under convoy not to be ex6. Execution of decrees....... 629 amined -..... 607 Payment of indemnities........ 629 20. Prize causes, adjudication of -.. 607 Interest, when to be allowed. 629 21. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 607 7. Secretary, appointment and duties of. 629 22. Agreement in case of warRules of business................... 629 Merchants, &c., allowed to remain 8. Decisions to be final..... 630 and continue their business...-... 608 Termination of commission.......... 630 Time allowed suspected persons to Decisions of umpire on pending cases, 630 remove... 608 9. Expenses of commission. -... 630 Safe conduct to be furnished them. 608 10. Ratifications............- 630 23. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated-.. 608 Claims convention, Decemnber 24. Envoys, ministers, &c.. 608 4L, 186S......630-633 25. Consuls and vice-consuls...... -- 608 1. Claims to be referred to comnrmis- 26. Commissions and exequaturs-......608, 609 sioner.-...................... 631 27. Exemptions of consular officers..... 609 Appointment of commissioners.-.... 631 Inviolability of archives. 609 Vacancies, how filled-. -.-... 631 28. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 609 874 IhINDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Peru-Bolivia-Continued. Portugal-Continued. 29. Consular convention to be formed. -. 609 6. Exportations in vessels of either nation 636 30. Duration of treaty.-.. —...-........ 609 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks ---- 636 Infringement of treaty. —.. —----—. 610 7. Coasting trade reserved.-..... 636 Reprisals and declarations of war -...- 610 8. Stipulations not applicable to certain Treaties with other nations not af- ports --- - 636 feeted.. —..... - 610 When such ports to be open to United Ratifications-........................ 610 States........................... 636 Pilotage, (see Reciprocal Commercial Agree- 9. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge..... 636 ments,) 10. Consular officers, appointment and Dues for, reduced on the Scheldt- privileges of...................... 636 Belgium, 1863........................ 56,60 Commissions and exequaturs-....... 636 Limit of dues for- Withdrawal of exequaturs.......... 636 France, 1822- 2......... 44 Liability, when engaged in trade.... 636 Lew Chew, 1854-.....-..... 460 Liability for violations of law....... 636 Piracy, (see Extyadition; Letters of Marque,) Inviolability of archives............ 637 Acceptance of letters of marque, &c., Settlement of disputes between innsfrom an enemy, to be treated as- ters and crews........ 637 Brazil, 1828 87 11. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 637 Central America, 1825..- -... 101 12. Disposal of personal property-..... 637 Chili, 1832-..-..-.... 109 Succession to personal estates. —---- 637 Colombia, 1824.....................-.. 155 Dues same as payable by natives.... 637'Ecuador, 1839.-....................... 193 Real estate, time allowed heirs for disFrance, 1778.......... -- 209 posal of.-........ 637 Great Britain, 1794 -- --.....- —........279 Duties same as payable by natives.. 638 Guatemala, 1849 —.. -.... -384 13. Favors granted to other nations to beNetherlands, 1782....... - -............. 538 come common.-.. -,. — 638 Peru, 1851- -........ 620 14. Duration of treaty.-6.............. 638 Peru-Bolivia, 1836....................- 607 Infringement of treaty....... 638 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828.....-...646, 653,659 Reprisals and declarations of war.... 638 San Salvador, 1850.................... 681 Ratifications —— 6 —-.-. —........ - 638 Spain, 1795-..-...-... 707 Cainigs convention, Fecbruary Sweden, 1783.... —.... 728 26, 1~1.. —.. —-------—. ---.639,640 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827...-....735,741 1. Payment to United States in full of Venezuela, 1836. —.... ——. —------- 793 certain claims.................... 639 Pirates, (see Captures,) Distribution by the United States.-. 639 Are not to be received in the ports of 2. Case of the brig "General Armstrong" either party — to be submitted to arbitration.... 639 France, 1800.......................... 31 3. Papers to be laid before arbiter -.-. — 639 Great Britain, 1794...-..- 27. 79 Decision to be final-........ 639 How to be punished- 4. Amount of indemnity to be paid for China, 1858.. 132 the other claims.................. 640 Assistance to, punishment for giving- 5. Mode of payment 6............... 640 Great Britain, 1794-....... 279 6. Interest....-..................... 640 Poisoning. (See Extradition.) 7. Ratifications.... ——.... — -------—. 640 Poland, Prisoners of War, (see War,) Treaty stipulations extended to- Stipulations concerning treatment ofRussia, 1832 669 Algiers, 1815, 1816................... 8,12 Porcupine 1River, Mexico, 1848, 1853...................501,505 Free navigation of- Morocco, 1787, 1836...................519,523 Great Britain, 1871........364 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828.-.'647,654, 659 Port Dues, (see Recilrocal Commercial Agree- Tripoli, 1805............ 760 merts,) Post-Office Packets, Levied by Antwerp, reduction of- Privileges accorded toBelgium, 1863 56 Argentine Confederation, 1853.-.. 17 Rate of, limited-PFrance, 1822-.........-. 244 Costa Rice, 1851 -.- - - - -...... 159 Ports, (see 1I'ee Ports,) Hawaiian Islands, 1849....... 407 What, are open to American commerce- Honduras, 1864.......... 426 China, 1844,1858.....................116,132 Nicaragua, 1867.-..............-.......- 566 Japan, 1854, 1857, 1858...........-446,448,450 Peru, 1851........................... 615 Portugal, Privateers, (see Asylum; Letters of Marque; Treaty of commerce and navi- Piracy,) gation, August 26, IS104..634-638 Not to be fitted out in ports of either 1. Freedom of commerce and navigation 634 party to act against the other2. Vessels of each nation in ports of the Dominican Republic, 1867............. 184 other -......-.. 634 France, 1778, 1800......209, 231 Tonnage, light, and harbor dues, &c. 635 Great Britain, 1794,1871..-.......280,358 3. Duties on importations of products of Venezuela, 1860 -—..- -..- -............ 804 either country.-................... 635 Commanders or outfitters to give bondsProhibition to be general.-.635 Bolivia, 1858......-............... 74 Duties on exportation of products... 635 Brazil, 1828 -........... 86 Special stipulation between United Central America, 1825-................. 100 States and France not affected.-.. 635 Chili, 1832.-....................108,109 4. Duties on imports in vessels of either Colombia, 1824 -.................. 154 nation -635 Dominican Republic, 1867-.-.........183 5. Further privileges of importation, Ecuador, 1839-................ 192 when -............................- 635 France, 1800-. -................. 231 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. ~ 875 Page. Page. Privateers-Continued. Prize Causes-Continued. Great Britain, 1794..................278, 279 Guatemala, 1849......-.. 383 Guatemala, 1849..................... 383 Iayti, 1864. —.. —-.. —---..... 418 Hayti, 1864 —- ---—... —--..........- 417 Mexico, 1831......... —.- 482 Mexico, 1831....48.....1......48, 482 New Granada, 1846........ 556 Netherlands, 1782......... 537 Peru, 1851 -............ 620 New Granada, 1846................... 555 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.... ——...... - 607 Peru, 1851............................ 619 Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828. —. ——..646,651,659 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -6..0..............6, 607 San Salvador, 1850 -....... 681 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828....643,653, 659 Venezuela, 1836, 1860-...7......._..793, 803 San Salvador, 1850-......... 680 Produce and Manufactures. (See Recilrocal Sweden, 1783. ——. —-. —-—. —----- 726 Commercial Agreements.) Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827..-.735,741 Prussia. (See German;Empire; North German Venezuela, 1860 -................. 804 Union; Prussia and other States.) Privileges and Protection, (see Consuls; Pecip- Treaty of -tminty anmd comnmerce, rocal Privileges of Citizens, 4cc.) Septenbeer 109 1 t-5 -. —-...641-648 Citizens of United States to have, what- 1. Peace and friendship..... 641 China, 1844,1858,1868 --—.. -. —-120,131,148 2. Privileges of subjects of Prussia in Japan, 1858.........................450, 451 the United States................ 641 Morocco, 1787, 1836 ------—. —-—. —519,523 Rights of residence and business.... 641 Netherlands, 1855, (as to Dutch colonies) 548 Equality of duties and privileges.. 641, 642 Siam, 1856............................ 696 3. Privileges of citizens of the United Prizes, (see Asylum.) States in Prussia -....... 642 Privileges of, in ports of either party- 4. Freedom of navigation and commerce. 642 Dominican Republic, 1867....... -...- 184 Liberty of trade-................... — 642 France, 1778, 1800- - -......208. 231 Discriminating duties.-.... 642 Great Britain, 1794. - - -280, Prohibitions........................ 642 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828 ------—.-643, 653,659 5. Lading of vessels.. -............ 642 Sweden, 1783 -....... 727 6. No examination of goods on board.- 642 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827......735,741 7. Each party to pr6tect and defend the Are not to pay duties, charges, &c.- vessels and effects of the other.... 642 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 184 To recover them when captured - 643 France, 1778,1800....................208,231 To restore them to rightful owners..- 643 Great Britain, 1794 - - - 280 8. Vessels' coming on coasts or entering Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828.-........643,653,659 ports...643 May be unloaded and sold- Treatment, charges, and fees.-...... 643 Netherlands, 1782 -....-.... 542 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 643 When captured by privateers, are not to Right to wrecks abolished.-.. -..-. 643 be sold or exchanged in the neutral 10. Disposal of personal property....... 643 port — Succession to personal estates. —... 643 Dominican Republic, 1867-...... 184 Duties same as payable by native France, 1778, 1800....................209,231 citizens......................... 643 Great Britain, 1794.................... 280 Property of absent heirs to be cared Hayti, 1864-.-. —-.-.-.. 419 for. -643 When not to be adjudged lawful- Questions among claimants, how deNetherlands, 1782..................... 538 cided............................ 643 When captured for carrying contraband Real estate, time allowed heirs for of war, how to be treated- disposal of....................... 643 Dominican Republic, 1867....- --. 183 No duties of detraction -............ 643 Hayti, 1864 --........418 Prussian laws to prevent emigration When taken in time of war, officers, &c., not derogated from............... 643 how to be treated- 11. Religious liberty.................... 644 Dominican Republic, 1867...... 184 Rights of burial.................... 644 Hayti, 1864-. —.-.-,..,,..... 418 12. Neutral trade in time of war........ 644 Captured American vessels not to be sold Free ships make free goods.......... 644 in ports of the otlher party- Neutrality extended to persons...... 644 Algiers, 1815,1816............ 8,13 13. Contraband goods not subject to conTripoli, 1805 761 fiscation. —--------------------- 644 Captured by American vessels may be Detention in case of contraband..... 644 sold free of duties- Proceedings on detention -.......... 644 Algiers, 1815, 1816.......................8,13 14. Sea-letters or passports 644 Tripoli, 1805-...........761 Vessels under convoy.. —...-.. 644 Purchased by Americans, what papers 15. Regulation of visits at sea. —........-. 645 required- 16. No embargo without indemnification. 645 Algiers, 1795,1815,1816.-2-.........., 7, 11 Arrests for debt or offenses.......... —- 645 Tripoli, 1796, 1805... -......755,759 17; Recaptured vessels, restoration of.... 645 Tunis, 1797........................... 764 18. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge... 645 Prize Causes, 19. Privileges of prizes in the ports of To be adjudicated in prize courts only- either party...................... 645 Bolivia, 1858- 75 No asylum in United States to prizes Brazil, 1828 —------- -—. - 87 captured from France ------------ 645 Central America, 1825 --------—:-:... 100 20. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 646 Chili, 1832. -....................109 Neutrality to be maintained-...... 464 Colombia, 1824 -.............: -.... 155 21. War with a common enemy, regulaDominican Republic, 1867-........... 184 tions in case of — Ecuador, 1839. -.. -.-..... 193 Restitution of vessels retaken by France, 1800 —...-........ 230 privateers -..-.. —....... - 646 876 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Prussia-Continued _Prussia —Continued. When recapture made by vessels of Proofs and surety................... 654 war 0 --- ----- ---- 646 Admission of prizes into ports....... 654 Distribution of gratuities........... 646 Adjudication of prize causes......... 654 Proofs and surety-...... 646 22. Convoys to vessels of either party. - - 654 Admission of prizes into ports-.,..-.. 646 23. Agreement in case of war between the Adjudication of prize causes......... 646 partiesPrize regulations.................... 646 Time allowed merchants to remove -. 654 22. Convoys to vessels of either party.. 646 Their effects not to be seized -...:. 654 23. Agreement in case of war between the Women, children, &c., to be unmoparties- lested -............. 654 Time allowed merchants to remove -. 646 Who may continue their employments 654 Their effects not to be seized........ 646 Their property not to be destroyed -. 654 Women, children, &c., to be unmo- Compensation for property taken --- 654 lested -—...-..-............... 646 24. Prisoners of wai, regulations for huWho may continue their employ- mane treatment of............... 654,655 ments-........ 646 Stipulations not to be annulled or Their property not to be destroyed'.. 646 suspended -- -.-, -.a.' 655 Compensation for property taken.... 646 25. Consular officers, appointment and Freedom to trading-vessels.......... 647 privileges of................... 655 Neither party to send out privateers. 647 When engaged in trade to be subject 24. Prisoners of war, regulations for hu- to laws of the country 655 mane treatment of.,.. -... 647 26. Favors granted to other nations to beStipulations not to be annulled or sus- come common.................... 655 pended.................. 647 27. Duration of treaty................. 655 25. Consular officers, appointment and Ratifications.......... 655 functions of -.............. 647 Treaty of commerce and naviWhen engaged in trade to be subject gation, May 1, 1~2....... — 656-660 to laws of the country. -,..... 647 1. Freedom of commerce and navigation 656 26. Favors granted td other nations to be- Rights of residence and business..... 656 come common................... 648 2. Tonnage duties, &................. 656 27. Duration of treaty. -............... 648 3. Importations in vessels of either Ratifications. 648 nation 657 Renewed treaty.of a y and- Equality of duties and charges....... 657 commerce, July 11,9 199.648-656 4. Applicability of stipulations-...... 657 1. Peace and friendship.. 649 5. Duties on products of either country] 657 2. Privileges of Prussian subjects in the 6. Exportations in vessels of either United States.................... 649 nation. 657, 658 3. Privileges of citizens of the United Equality of duties and charges.....657, 658 States in Prussia................. 649 7. Coasting trade reserved............. 658 4. Freedom of navigation and commerce 649 8. No preferences in importations...... 658 5. Lading or unlading of vessels. —----- 650 9. Favors granted to other nations to be6. Examination of goods............... 650 come common.................... — 658 7. Protection to vessels and effects...... 650' 10. Consular officers, appointment of.... 658 8. Treatment of vessels touching at ports 650 Their privileges and powers......... 658 9. Assistance in case of shipwreck...... 650 When in business, to be subject to 10. Disposal and inheritance of personal laws of the country.. 658 property...... 650,651 Settlement of disputes between masReal estate, withdrawal of proceeds of 651 ters and crews.......... 658 11. Religious liberty....,........ 651 11. Reclamation of deserters from vesselso658, 659 Rights of burial,.... 0.......... 651 12. Article XII, treaty of 1785, revived.. 659 12. Rights of neutrals at sea to be the Articles XIII to XXIV, treaty of 1799, subject of future treaty......... 651 revived.- - -. -....... 659 Principles to be observed in the inter- Exception to paragraph of Article val........................... 651 XIX 6..659 13. Contraband goods not subject to con- Neutral rights at sea to be the subject fiscation......................... 651 of future treaty.-... 659 Detention in case of contraband... 651 13. Blockaded ports, regulations at...... 659 Proceedings on detention -........... 65 14. Disposal of personal property........ 659 Contraband articles specified..... 652 Succession to personal estates....... 659 14. Ships' papers in time of war......... 652 Duties payable same as bynative citiWhen to be exhibited............... 652 zens only.................... 659 15. Regulation of visits at sea...'. 652 Property of absent heirs to be cared 16. No embargo without indemnification. 653 for..-.... —..-.. — 659 Arrests for debt or offenses.......... 653 Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis17. Recaptured vessels, restoration of.... 653 posal of. —-..........-...... 660 18. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.... 653 No duties ofdetraction 6.... 660 19. Privileges of prizes in the ports of Prussian laws to prevent emigration either party.................... 653 not derogated from............... 660 No asylum in United States to prizes 15. Duration of treaty.................. 660 captured from Great Britain...... 653 16. Ratifications....- 660 20. Letters of marque not tosbe accepted. 653 Prltssia and other States, Neutrality to be maintained..... 653 Exstradition convention, Jaue 21. War with a common enemy, regula- 16, 1lS...."... 660-662 tions in case of- Contracting parties...661 Restitution of recaptured vessels.... 654 1. Fugitives from justice to be delivered What compensation to be made.. 654 up......-...,............... 661 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 877 Page. Page. Prussia and other States-Continued. Real Estate-Continued. Requisitions, how made..-.... 661 Hesse-Cassel, 1844......-.............. 422 Crimes for which surrender may be Nassau, 1846 —....... 531 made............................ 661 Saxony, 1845 ----- 690 Evidence of criminality required -. — 661 Wirtemberg, 1844 ---- ------ 809 Surrender, how to be made.......... 661 Shall be allowed three yearsExpenses of arrest and delivery..... -. 661 Brazil, 1828 83, 84 2. Accessions to convention by other Central America, 1825-.... 97 German States -........ 662 Chili, 1832. — — 106 3. Neither party to surrender its own Colombia, 1824. —...................... 152 citizens. —-.... —---- 662 Ecuador, 1839 - -189 4. When extradition may be delayed - -.. 662 Guatemala, 1849...... —----- ------—. 380 5. Duration of convention. —----- 662 Hanseatic Republics, 1827-..-... 402 6. Ratifications...-. 662 Peru, 1851...-........ 616 Additional article, November Peru-Bolivia, 1836 ---- ------ 604 16, 19 ~2.......662,663 Swiss Confederation, 1847...-..-.. 747 Reference to convention of June 16, Venezuela, 1836........ 789 1852 -., -, —..- -,.......662, 663 Shall have the longest period allowed by Time for ratifications extended....-... 663 the law of the countryEffect of additional article............ 663 Bolivia, 1858 ---—. —-. —-........... 71 Ratifications.-............ 663 Dominican Republic, 1867.......... 179 Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, Venezuela, 1860 - - -. 799 Possessory rights of, to be respected- Shall have the time allowed by the, law Great Britain, 1846.-........ 321 of the state or countryTreaty for settlement of claims of- Brunswick and Luneburg, 1854........ 93 Great Britain, 1863...........-........ 346 Nicaragua, 1867 -568 Orange Free State, 1871 -..... —-—... 581 Q'. Portugal, 1840... -637 Russia, 1832 —-- —. —... —-. —----—. 669 &Quarantine. (See Reciprocal Commercial Agree- Swiss Confederation, 18.50-.......... 750 ments.) Shall be allowed a reasonable timeHanover, 1840, 1846..-.....390, 395 II.~~~,~~ 1 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -,. 408 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 471 Rape. (See Extradition.) Oldenburg, 1847.-. -..- -..-.. 578 Real Estate, (see Alienage; Aubaine, Droit d'; Portugal, 1840- -........ —. 637 Consuls; Dtractionr, Droit de; Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828.-..643, 651, 661 Succession,) Russia, 1832 -—.. —-.. —-. —.... 669 Citizens of each country in the territories Sardinia, 1838...-.. -..... 688 of the other may dispose of, by will, Spain, 1795 --—... —-.. ——.. -. 707 donation, or otherwise- Time allowed may be prolonged by the France, 1798, 1800................... 207,226 government in whose territories the New Granada, 1846....-552 land is situated — San Salvador, 1850.................... 677 Austria, 1848......................... 25 Swiss Confederation, 1850-... 750 Bavaria, 1845 —............ — -.. —- 41 Two Sicilies, 1855-.... 781 Hesse-Cassel, 1844........-..... 422 Their heirs, &c., being citizens or subjects Nassau, 1846......-................... 531 of the other party, may succeed to- Saxony, 1845 -...... 690 France, 1778,1800. -.-..207,226 Wiirtemberg, 1844..-.. 809 New Granada, 1846................... 552 The taxes or dues charged on succession San Salvador, 1850-..-....... 677 or withdrawal to be the same as Swiss Confederation, 1850......... 750 imposed upon nativesTwo Sicilies, 1855-.............-...I. 781 Argentine Confederation, 1853.... 18,19 Most favored footing in respect to- Austria, 1848 -.....25 Italy, 1871-............... 444 Bolivia, 1858 ------- 72 Citizens of each country may dispose of, Brazil, 1828..... 84 in the territories of the other where Brunswick and Luneburg, 1854........ 93 the laws of the state permit- Chili, 1832 -—. —----—. ---—.. — 106 Nicaragua, 1867. ——..............- 568,569 Dominican Republic, 1867. 179 May possess and dispose of, in the same Ecuador, 1839.... -....... 189 manner as citizens- France, 1853. —-------- --- 251 Argentine Confederation, 1853....-.... 18,19 German Empire, 1871................. 257 France, 1853.......................... 251 New Granada, 1846....-... 552 San Salvador, 1850...-...-... 677 Nicaragua, 1867 --- ------— 568 President of the United States to recom- Orange Free State, 1871i....... 581 mend States of the Union to pass Peru, 1851 616 laws authorizing aliens to hold- Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 604 France, 1853 ------------------— 2 —- 51 Portugal, 1840. -—.. —-... —....637,638 France reserves the right of establishing Russia, 1832. —----------------------- 669 reciprocity in regard to possession San Salvador, 1850.-...................677,678 and inheritance of.. —----------- 251 Sardinia. 1838 -........688 Persons disqualified by alienage from Swiss Confederation, 1847,1850.......747; 750 taking, by descent, allowed two Two Siclies, 1855.-......... 781 years to sell and withdraw pro- Venezuela, 1836, 1860 -J.......790, 799 ceeds- To be the same as imposed upon the most Austria, 1848 2......... 95 favored nations — Bavaria, 1845... - -.. -......... 41 Hawaiian Islands, 1849.......... 408 878 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Pagc. Pago. 1cail Estate-Continued Reciprocal Commcrcial Agreements-Continued. There shall be no duties of detraction- Mexico, 1831 - -477 Bavaria, 1845. —--------------------- 41 New Granada, 1846....- -. 550 Central America, 1825..-.... 97 Oldenburg, 1847 —.. ——. —---------- 578 Colombia, 1824 ------- - ---- 152 Orange Free State, 1871.............. 581 France, 1778.-......... 207 Peru, 1851 - -613 Guatemala, 1849.......... 380 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 - -602 Hanover, 1840, 1846..-.-.-390, 395 Portugal, 1840......... —. 638 H-anseatic Republi6s, 1827-...... 402 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828... -.... —648, 655, 658 Htawaiian Islands, 1849. —- ------—. 408 Russia, 1832 ----------—.-... -..-....-. 669 Hesse-Cassel, 1844 —.... —. —------—. 422 San Salvador, 1850-........... 675 iMecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.-... 471 Sardinia, 1838........................ 686 Nassau, 1846-.............. 531 Sweden, 1783 —... —----------- -. ---- 722 Oldenburg, 1847 ----- ----- 578 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827- -..735,741 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828 6-43, 651, 660 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -.....' 751 Saxony, 1845 --------- -------- 690 Tripoli, 1805 -— 758 Spain, 1795 7 —07 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855....._.....773,783 Wiirtemberg, 1844 - ------- -- 809 Ven ezuela, 1836,1840...... 787, 800 The property of absent heirs to receive Coasting trade of each country reserved the same care as if it were the for citizensproperty of citizens- Austria, 1829......................... 23 Austria, 1848........................-. 25 Belgium, 1845,1858, (placed on footing Bavaria, 1845 - - 42 of most favored nation)............49, 58 HIesse-Cassel, 1844 --—. ——. —----—. 423 Bolivia, 1858...... —...............-.... 69 Nassau, 1846. —-..-..... ——...... 532 Brazil, 1828 - ------ - -P82 Saxony, 1845 --------------—. —----- 691 Central America, 1825 --------- 96 Two Sicilies, 1855. —--—. —---------- 781 Chili, 1832............................ 105 Wilrtemberg, 1844.-...-.... ——. —--- 810 Colombia, 1854 -- - -150 Disputes relating to inheritance of, must Costa Rica, 1851...................... 160 be settled before the courts of the Denmark, 1826- -....................... 167 country- Dominican Republic, 1867. —.. —---- 180 Bavaria, 1845-..-...... 42 Ecuador, 1839-........................ 187 Hesse-Cassel, 1844.........-..-...... 423 Great Britain, 1871, (concession to CaNassau, 1846...... —..... 532 nadian trade where partial land Orange Free State, 1871-..-. - 581 transit).-......... —. 365 Saxony, 1845 -691 Greece, 1837.......................... 374 Swiss Confederation, 1850-.... 750 Guatemala, 1849 -—....-............. 378 Two Sicilies, 1855.. —................. 781 Hanover, 1840, 1846. —.....389, 392 Wiirtemberg, 1844..... - - - -.- --. 810 Hawaiian Islands, 1849................ 407 Recapltures. (Sec Caplures.) Hayti,1864..-.-......... 414 Rlecilprocal Commercial Agreements, HIonduras, 1864 -.....-. 427 Respecting trade between the United Italy, 1871. —..... —...... 440 States and British America- Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 18.17.......... 468 Great Britain, 1794, 1854, 1871- -.-....270, 282, Mexico, 1831 ----------—. —---------- 477 329-333, 362-366 Netherlands, 1852..................... 545 All favors in navigation or commerce New Granada, 1846.. —.... 551 which have been or shall be granted Nicaragua, 1867 -.... —. -........... 566 by one party to any other nation Oldenburg, 1853 —.......... 579 shall become common to the other Peru, 1851. - - -614 party- Peru-Bolivia, 1836 603 Argentine Confederation, 1853 —.._. —. 17 Portugal, 1840........................ 636 Costa Rica, 1851.-.......... 160 Prussia, 1828......- -................... 658 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-.. —-—.. ——.. 406 Russia, 1832 -..-....... —--—. ---— 667 Hayti, 1864. 412 San Salvador, 1850. —---. —. —------ 676 Honduras, 1864...... 427 Sardinia, 1838 --— 686 Liberia, 1862 - -462 Sweden and Norway, 1827..-.. 738 Nicaragua, 1867 ----- ----- - 567 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855....._.... —..773,782 Paraguay, 1859 —. —---—... —-—. — 595 Venezuela, 1836, 1860................787, 800 All such favors granted subsequent to Fisheries exempt from operations of recipdate of treaties to become com- rocal agreementsmon- Belgium, 1845, 1858................... 50,58 Algiers, 1815,1816. —----—... —----- 5,10 Netherlands, 1852. -....... 545 Austria, 1829 - ---.....-... 23 Two Sicilies, 1855. —-..- -.-.......... 782 Belgium, 1845,1858.......... 50,54 There shall be reciprocal freedom of comBolivia, 1858 ---------------- - 68 merceBrazil, 1828_..........- -81 Argentine Conrederation, 1853 —... 17 Central America, 1825, —- --- -- 95 Austria, 1829 ---.- —.-.............. 21 Chili, 1832,1833 -.104, 112 Belgium, 1845, 1858.-.... 48,52 Colombia, 1824.-. —-- - -. --....... 150. Bolivia, 1858 -........ —-----------—. 69 Denmark, 1826 -.. —-... ----------—. 167 Borneo, 1850 —. —--------- ---.. 79 Ecuador, 1839 -187 Brazil, 1828..- -..... 82 France, 1778 —------------ 204 Central America, 1825 95 Guatemrala, 1849. ——..-...... —--—. 378 Chili, 1832 ----- --- 105 Hanover, 1846.-....-... 393 Colombia., 1824 - 150 IHanseatic Republics, 1827.-.... 402 Costa Rica, 1851 -. —..................159 Italy, 1871 - -445 Denmark, 1826....... —167....:......, 167 Mecklenburg-Schweriu, 1847. —...... 469 Dominican Republic, 1867-.......... 179 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATJES. 879 Page. Page. Reciprocal Commercial Agreements-Continued. Reciprocal Commercial Agreements-Continued. Ecuador, 1839........................ 187 Peru, 1851 —----—. —----------------- 614 France, 1800.-... ——..2 —-. —-. —-—. i26 Portugal, 1840. —-. - - 635 Great Britaill, 1794, 1.815 -... -.275, 293 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828 -------- - 642,649,657 Greece, 1837. ——. —---—.... —--..- 373 Russia, 1832.- ---- -- ----- —.-...- 666 Guatemala, 1849.................-.... 378 San Salvador, 1850-.. 676. Hanover, 1840, 1846.-..... 387,394 Sardinia, 1838 -..-...-..... 685 Hawaiian Islands, 1749-. 406 Sweden and Norway, 1827- -—........ 737 Hayti, 1864........................-. 413 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855......-.773, 782 Honduras, 1864. -.................. 426 Venezuela, 1836,1860-.788,799 Italy, 1871............................ 439 Articles the growth, produce, or manufacLiberia, 1862 -..-.. —.......... ——. 46i1. ture of one party, imported in its Madagascar, 1867 --—.. —------------- 465 own vessels into the ports of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 470 other, are subject to no higher duties Mexico, 1831 — 477 than if imported in national vesselsNew Granada, 1846..... 550 Bolivia, 1858-................ 69,70 Nicaragua, 1867 -.-........ -566 Costa Rica, 1851 -160 Paraguay, 1859....................... 596 Great Britain, 1815, (as to British terriPersia, 1856 -------— 600 tories in Europe)-2....... 293 Peru, 1851............................ 613 Greece, 1837 293 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 602 Guatemala, 1849..................... 379 Portugal, 1840..................... 634 Hanover, 1840, (to include all other GerPrussia, 1785,1799,1828..........641,649, 656 man states, &c.). —............... 388 Russia, 1832.......-.. 666 HIanseatic Republics, 1827...... 400 San Salvador, 1850 ------------------- 675 Hawaiian:Islands, 1849 —------- 406 Sardinia, 1838-....-. 684 Hayti, 1864 —.................. 414 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-. 78..7 31,737 Honduras, 1864....................... 427 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855-......773,781 Italy, 1871. 440 Venezuela, 1836................. 787 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.........467, 468 Each party shall have free access to the Mexico, 1831.. —. —. ——. —------ 478 ports of the other which are open New Granada, 1846.. —--—....... 551 to foreign commerce- Nicaragua, 1867...................... 567 Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 17 Portugal, 1840......-.. 635 Austria, 1829.. 21........ Prussia, 1828......................... 657 Bolivia, 1858 -............ — 63 San Salvador, 1850-.................... 676 Costa Rica, 1851- -................. 159 Sardinia, 1338 685 Denmark, 1826..... -........ 167 Sweden and Norway, 1827. -..... - 737 Ecuador, 1837 -.................. 188 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855 -. —---—.-.773, 782 Great Britain, 1794,1815.-27..........76,293 Venezuela, 1836,1860 -................788, 799 Greece, 1837 -............ 373 Articles the growth, produce, or manuHanover, 1840-.......... 387 facture of one party, exported in Honduras, 1864....................... 426 its own vessels to the territories of Italy, 1871............................ 439 the other, are to pay the same duLiberia, 1862 -.......461 ties, and are to be allowed the Mlexico, 1831.......... 477 same drawbacks and bounties, as if Nicaragua, 1867 - -........... 566 exported in national vesselsPeru, 1851............................ 613 Bolivia, 1858 —.-.............. 69,70 Peru-Bolivia, 1836........-............ 602 Costa Rica, 1851 - ----- 160 Portugal, 1840 —--........ 634 Great Britain, 1815, (as to Britil3h terriPrussia, 1848 656 tories in Europe) -..293, 294 Russia, 1832.-... —.......... 666 Greece, 1837.-...................... 374 San Salvador,.1850.................... 675 Guatemala, 1849.-.... — 379 Sardinia, 1838........................ 684 Hanover, 1840, (to include all other GerSweden and Norway, 1816,1827-.....731,737 man states, &c.) 388 Two Sicilies, 1855 -....-.. 781 HIanseatic Republics, 1827.......~ -... 400 Whatever may be imported or exported Hawaiian Islands, 1849......-. 407 in national vessels may be imported Ilayti, 1864............................ 414 or exported in vessels of the other Honduras, 1864. —-—...-..-....... 427 party-Austria, 1829 22 Italy, 1871- 440 Bolivia, 1858.-.......... 69 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847......... -- -. 468 Brazil, 1828.-............. 82 Mexico, 1831.......-. 478 Central America, 1825-...... 96 New Granada, 1846 —. —-......... —. 551 Denmark, 1826 167 Nicaragua, 1867....................... 567 Dominican Republic, 1867'.-. 180 Portugal, 1840. 635 Ecuador, 1839........................ 188 Prussia, 1828........................657,658 Greece, 1837.......................... 374 San Salvador, 1850-,. —........... 676 Guatemala, 1849...................... 379 Sardinia, 1838 685 Hanover, 1846....... -....... 391 Sweden and Norway, 1827....-......... 737 Hanseatic Republics, 18-27.... 400 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855 773, 782 Hawaiian Islands, 1849....... 406 Venezuela, 1836,1860-. 788,799, 800 IHayti,.1864 -...I.......- 414 Articles the growth, produce, or mannItaly, 1871 -.......... 440 facture of one party, imported into Liberia, 1862......................... - 462 the territories of the other, to be Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin, 1847- -.......467, 468 subject to no other or higher duties New Granada, 1846 - -551 than imposed on like articles of Oldenburg, 1847 --'5.........78 any other foreign countryOttoman Empire, 1862.- - -....... 588 Argentine Confedera.tion, 1853 - -... 17 880 INDEX TO PUBLIC TIREATIES. Pag: e. B-eciprocal Corem ercia1,4 greements —Con itin ued.Pae' ecPg. ciproca om rcial greements-pContinued. ecirocal Commercial A4greements-Continued. Austria, 1829 -.. ——. 22 Two Sicilies, 1855....................782,783 Belgium, 1858. --........ 54 Venezuela, 1836,1860.................788,800 Bolivia, 1858......................... 70 Thanis imposed on like exports in nationBrazil, 1828 82 al vesselsCentral America, 1825. -—... -96 Belgium, 1858............... 53 Costa Rica, 1851 -------—. —------ 160 Ecuador, 1839 —..- -.- -........... 188 Denmark, 1826 -...... -................. 168 Great Britain, 1815, (as to British posDominican Republic, 1867............. 180 sessions in Europe)._.. 293,294 Ecuador, 1839 ------------ 188 Greece, 1837 - - - 374 Great Britain, 1815, (as to British posses- Guatemala, 1849-. — ---------------—. 379 sions in Europe).................. 293 Hanseatic Republics, 1827 - -. — 400 Guatemala, 1849 ---- ------- -- 379 N\icaragua, 1867 —..... 567 Hanover, 1840, 1846 - -- -388, 3.92 Sweden and Norway, 1827 - 738 Hanseatic Republics, 1827 - 401 Two Sicilies, 1855 ----- ---- - 782 HIawaiian Islands, 1849... 406 The prohibition of exports or imports of Hayti, 1864. - -....... 414 articles the growth, produce, or Honduras, 1864....................... 427 manufacture of one party, in the Italy, 1871 ---.... 440 territories of the other, shall extend Liberia, 1862......................... -462 to like articles of all other Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 ---- - 469 nationsMexico, 1831........... 477 Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 18 iNew Granada, 1846 —................... 551 Austria, 1829 --—. — - --......-. 22 Nicaragua, 1867 ----------- 567 Bolivia, 1858 ---- 70 Oldenburg, 1847..-... —-. ---- 578 Brazil, 1828.......................... 82 Orange Free State, 1871-. 581 Central America, 1825................. 96 Ottoman Empire, 1862................ 586 Costa Rica, 1851..... 160 Paraguay, 1859.................. 595 Denmark, 1826....................... 168 Peru, 1851-..-........ 614 Dominican Republic, 1867.... 181 Portugal, 1840....................... 635 Ecuador, 1839 ---------- - 188 Prussia, 1828 ---- - - - - 657 Great Britain, 1815, (as to British posRussia, 1832.......................... 667 sessions in Europe)............ 293 San Salvador, 1850 -- -.. —--- 676 Greece, 1837. ---- 374,375 Sardinia, 1838........................ 85 Guatemala, 1849...... -.. 379 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-....732, 738 Hanover, 1840,1846..................389, 393 Swiss Confederation, 1850. 750 Hanseatic Republics, 1827 - -- 401 Two Sicilies, 1855...-.... 782 Hayti, 1864 -- ------- - -415 Venezuela, 1836,1860-'....-.... 788, 800 Honduras, 1864 ------------- -------- 427 No higher duty or charge shall be im- Italy, 1871.-.... -440 posed by one party, on exports to Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 469 the other, than is imposed on ex- Mexico, 1831......477 ports of like articles to any other New Granada, 1846 _- - -. 551 foreign country- Nicaragua, 1867.- - -................. 567 Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 17,18 Oldenburg, 1847.................... 578 Bolivia, 1858......................... 70 Ottoman Empire, 1862................ 586 Brazil, 1828 --------—. —----- 82 Paraguay, 1859....................... 595 Central America, 1825. 96 Peru,1851..-...................... 614 Costa Rica, 1851 - --- 160 Portugal, 1840....................... 635 Denmark, 826....................... 168 Prussia, 1828......................... 657 Dominican Republic, 1867 -o.-.. 180 Russia, 1832 667 Ecuador, 1839................ 188 San Salvador, 1850... 676 Great Britain, 1815, (as to British pos- Sardinia, 1838 ----- -- 685 sessions in Europe) -..... 293 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827......732, 738 Guatemala, 1849...................... 379 Two Sicilies, 1858..-. 783 Hanover, 1840;1846..................388, 393 Merchandise coming from either countryin Hanseatic Republics, 1827 401 any vessel shall not be prohibited Hayti, 1864.......................... 414,415 in the ports of the other partyHonduras, 1864....................... 427 Liberia, 1862... 462 Italy, 1871............................ 440 Merchandise imported in vessels of either Liberia, 1862 ------------ 462 party from any country is not to be Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 469 prohibited in the ports of the other Mexico, 1831......................... 477 partyNew Granada, 1846 -..- -... 551 Liberia, 1862....-. 462 Nicaragua, 1867....................... 567 Preferences in government purchases shall Oldenburg, 1847...................... 578 not be given to articles imported in Orange Free State, 1871............... 581 national vesselsOttoman Empire, 1862 586 Austria, 1829 -....23 Paraguay, 1859 595 Greece, 1837. —.-......-. 374 Peru, 1851. —.-...... - - 614 Hanover, 1840, 1846.. —. —..-.. 389, 392 Portugal, 1840........................ 635 Hanseatic Republics, 1827 401 Prussia, 1828 - 657 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 468 Russia, 1832- 667 Oldenburg, 1847.....- 578 San Salvador, 1850.............. 676 Prussia, 1828 -.... 658 Sardinia, 1838 -............. 685 Sardinia, 1838...........- -.,... 686 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-.732, 738 Sweden and Norway, 1827.-........... 738 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -......... 750 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855. - - 773,782 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 8 Page. Page. Reciprocal Comnmercialc Agree)nc ns-Continued. Recilrocal Commtercial Agreements-Continued. The most fivored nation principle is to Prussia, 1785, 1799 ------ 64-2, 650 be appliedto merchandise imported Sweden, 1783.730 or exported by citizens of either Certain fish and fish-oil to-be admitted power in the territories of the, into each country free of dutyother- Great Britain, 1871,1873 -....... 363,366,372 Persia, 1856-............ 600 Export duties not to be imposed upon Swiss Confederation, 1850..-... 751 certain goods in transit through the The produce cf one country may be ex- United States and'Canada —. ported in vessels of the other on as Great Britain, 1871 365 favorable terms as in vessels of any Exports in vessels of either party subject foreign country- to duties and formalitics only at Liberia, 1862 462 the port of shipmentIf either party imposes discriminating Belgium, 1845, 1858 -.....-....... -- -50,53 duties upon the produce of a third Dutiesor charges on imports to be the power, the other party may deter- same, whether made in vessels of mine the origin of its products des- one party or of the othertined for the ports of the party im- Argentine Confederation, 1853-.. —-—. 18 posing the duty- Austria, 1829 -'22 Dominican Republic, 1867.-.......... 181 Belgium, 1845, 1858.... 49,.53 Hayti, 1864 - 415 Bolivia, 1858........................ 69 Swiss Confederation, 1850. —.-. —- 751 Central America, 1825.... —. —------- 96 Vessels of either party entering a port of Costa Rice, 1851. - -. -....... 160 It sta Rica, 1851 ~~~~~~~160 the other, and not wishing to un- Denmark, 1826 ----— _ - 168 load, may depart without doing Dominican Republic, 1867-.-......... 180 -so — Greece, 1837 ------------- 374 Belgium, 1845,1858...........50,54 Guatemala, 1849.. -.....379 Greece, 1837 -..-.-.-.-.-.-.-........375 Hanover, 1840, 1846.,388,391 Netherlands, 1782,1852...............538,545 Hanseatic Republics, 1827- 400 Prussia, 1785, 1799.643, 650 Italy, 1871 440 Sweden, 1783 - - 728 Liberia, 1862 ---------— 461,462 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827.......-734, 930 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847. —-----— 46 8 Are to be treated according to general Mexico, 1831.. -... 478 rules relative to the object- Netherlands, 1839,1852............... 543,544 France, 1778 -........211 New Granada, 1846................... 551 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827- - -..734,739 Oldenburg, 1853................ 579 Vessels of one party may discharge part Ottoman Empire, 1862............... 588 of their cargoes in a port of the Paraguay, 1859.-..........595 other, paying duties only on the Peru, 1851-.....................614 portion discharged- Portugal, 1840........................ 635 Belgium, 1845, 1858................... 50,54 Prussia, 1828 -- 6......57 Bolivia, 1858......................... 69 Russia, 1832. — ---------— 666,667 Dominican Republic, 1867...- 180 San Salvador, 1850.................... 676 Greece, 1837.......................... 375 Sardinia, 1838- 685 Netherlands, 1852- 545 Sweden and Norway, 1827............. 737 Peru, 1851 ---------- - 615 Two Sicilies, 1855-. 782 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827-...-.734,739 Veneznela, 1836,1860.. — —.-....788, 799 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855-.. 773,782 Such duties or charges to be no other or Of each party in the ports of the other are higher than imposed upon articles placed in this respect on the most imported in vessels of the most faivored footing — favored nationPrussia, 1785,1799....-..3....... 643,650 France, 1800.. 227 Sardinia, 1838 —...................... 684 Hawaiian Islands, 1849................ 407 Such vessels may proceed with the re- Hayti, 1864..-........... 414 mainder of the cargo to another Russia, 1834......-. 666 port of the same country — Duties and charges on vesselsof each Bolivia, 1858 ------------ 69 party in the ports of the other to Dominican Republic, 1867 -..... 180 be the same as on national vesGreece, 1837 —------------- ---—.... 375 selsItaly, 1871...-................... 440 Belgium, 1858..-..52,53 Netherlands, 1852. 545 Bolivia, 1858 70. Peru, 1851 -....... 615 Central America, 1825................. 96 Paraguay, 1859.-.......... 594 Denmark, 1826.......168 Sweden and Norway. 1816, 1827-...734,739 Dominican Republic, 1867-............180 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855... - -...773,782 Guatemala, 1849-........ 379 But must pay the duties on the vessels Hanover, 1840,1846. —............388,391. themselves in the first port- HIanseatic Republics, 1827...-. 400 Greece, 1837. - - -................... 375 Italy, 1871-. --....... -.. 440 S w eden and Norway, 1816, 1827... 734,739 Liberia, 1862- 461 462 Such vessels may also load at different Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......67, 468 ports for the same outward voy- Mexico, 1831- 478 age- Netherlands, 1839.-.-. —---- - -. —-- - 543 Bolivia, 1858 -69 New Granada, 1846 — 551 After vessels of one party are laden in Oldenburg, 1853 —. - 579 the ports of the.other they are not Ottoman Empire, 1862.............. 588 to be subjeted to examination — Paraguay,5...............9 595 France, 1778-.211 Peru, 1 851 614 S Iv -56 8882 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Pago. Reciprocal Commercial Agr-eemnis-Continued. Reciprocal Comm'1ercial Aqreemnents-Continued. Portugal, 1840...................-635 Ottoman Empire, 1862 -.... —- 588 Prussia, 1828 ------- ------------- - 657 Peru, 1851. -613 San Salvador, 1850.............. 676 Paraguay. 1859..-............ 595 Sardinia, 1838........................ 685 Two Sicilies, 1845- 773 Sweden and Norway, 1827 -.. —-—. —-- 737 Light-house duesTwo Sicilies, 1855 -----------—..-.. 7782 Argentine Confederation, 1853- -------- 18 Venezuela, 1836,1860. —-.. —---—.-.788, 799 Austria, 1829 ---------- 21 Such duties and charges to be the same Belgium, 1858. — -........,-.. - - 53 as those of the most favored na- Costa Rica, 1851 160 tion- Greece, 1837................ 373 Belgium, 1858........................ 54 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 ----------—. 407 Bolivia, 1858 -..................... -. 70 Honduras, 1864 —...................- - 427 France, 1778,1800 ---- ------ 204, 226 Mexico, 1831 — ---------— 478 Greece, 1837 -........... 374 Netherlands, 1839,1852-. —.-..........543,545 Hayti, 1864 414 Nicaragua, 1867. —-------------------- 567 No duties shall be imposed by either Ottoman Empire, 1862....-... 588 party on the navigation of the Paraguay, 1859 —--- --— 595 other higher or other than imposed Peru, 1851.. —............ 613 on every other navigation- Portugal, 1840 - -... —------------—.-. 635 Greece, 1837......................... 374 Prussia, 1828 - 656 Vessels of each party in the ports of the Sardinia, 1838.-.......... 686 other are to be on the same footing Sweden and Norway, 1827 -737 as national vessels, with respect to Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855- -..- —.....773,781 dues, charges, or allowances, in the Local chargesfollowing cases: Argentine Confederation, 1853.... 18 Anchorage- Anstria, 1829 -- -21 Belgium, 1858........................ 53 Belgium, 1858 -........ 53 Two Sicilies, 1855..................... 781 Costa Rica, 1851..................... 160 Average- Greece, 1837......................... 373 Argentine Confederation, 1853..-. 18 Honduras, 1864.-.......... -- 427 Brokeragc — Mexico, 1831.. —-... —--- --—.....- - -478 Belgium, 1858........................ 53 Nicaragua, 1867- - -..- --—............. 567 Buoys- Ottoman Empire, 1862.-.-.. 588 Belgium, 1858........................ 53 Paraguay, 1859-........... 595 Clearance- Peru, 1851 - -613 Belgium, 1858.....-. 53 Portugal, 1840........................ 635 Drawbacks and bounties- Prussia, 1828- - —.......... 656 Argentine Confederation, 1853 —-----—.18 Sardinia, 1838.-...-...-. 686 Austria, 1829 2...... 93 Sweden and Norway, 1827 --—.. —. —-- 737 Belgium, 1858 —................. 53 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855...............773,781 Bolivia, 1858..-..,... 70 PilotageBrazil, 1828 ---------------------- 82 Argentine Confederation, 1853-......... 18 Central America, 1825...-. 96 Austria, 1829 - -..................... 21 Costa Rica, 1851-. — - - -160,161 Belgium, 1858. —-- - --- 53 Denmark, 1826 -..-...........168 Costa Rica, 1851. ——.. —-- -.......... 160 Dominican Republic, 1867-..... 180 Greece, 1837 --- -—'....... 373 Ecuador, 1839- 188 Hawaiian Islands, 1849...- -..... —-—. 407 Great Britain, 1815-.... 294 Honduras, 1864.. —---------- --—..... 427 Greece, 1837. —...-.............. 375 Mexico, 1831........................ 478 Guatemala, 1849.................... 379 Netherlands, 1839, 1852 - -.........543,545 Hanover, 1840,1846...-...388, 391 Nicaragua, 1867....................... 567 Hanseatie Republics, 1827 -.. ——.... 400 Ottoman Empire, 1862.-. —.... 588 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -----—.-...... 407 Paraguay, 1859....................... 595 Hayti, 1864- 414 Portugal, 1840-. 635 H-onduras, 1864 427 Prussia, 1828 - - 656 -Italy, 1871 -440 Sardinia, 1838 --------- - -- - 686 Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin, 1847..... 468 Sweden and Norway, 1827............. 737 Mexico, 1831. —. —-.- -. —........... 478 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855............773,781 Netherlands, 1839, 1852.543,545 Port duesNew Granada, 1846 -.............. 551 Austria, 1829- -, 21 Nicaragua, 1867....................... 567 Bolivia, 1858 -69 Oldenburg, 1847. —.............. 578 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 180 Ottoman Empire, 1862................ 587 Greece, 1837.. - 373 Peru, 1851.-...................... 614 Mccklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 -468 Portugal, 1840......-.. 636 Netherlands, 1839, 1852...............543, 545 San Salvador, 1850. -676 Portugal, 1840.-..-...... 635 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855 -. —----—. —-773, 782 Prussia, 1828-.. — -........ 656 Venezuela, 1836,1860. ——...........788,799 Sardinia, 1838. —----------------—. 686 Harbor dues- Sweden and Norway, 1827-.-.... 737 Argentine Confederation, 1853 —. —---- 18 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855,..- - 773, 781 Costa Rica, 1851....-. 160 QuarantineIHawaiian Islands, 1849 407 Hawaiian Islands, 1849- - - -...... 407 H-Ionduras, 1864 -- 427 Netherlands, 1839, 1852-. —......543, 545 Mexico, 1831 -................... 478 Ottoman Empire, 1862.-..-5......88 Netherlands, 1839, 1852...... 43, 545 Peru, 1851..613 Nicaragua, 1867..-.-.................. 567 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855............773, 781 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 883 Page. Page. ItciUJrocal Coinnercia Agreements — Continued. Recilrocal Commercial Agreements-Continued. Salvage. Oldenburg, 1847 -......-. 578 Argentine Confederation, 1853. —-. 18 Prussia, 1785, 1799- -.......... —. -..643,650 Costa Rica, 1851.-...-......... —--. 160 Spain, 1795 - 706 German Empire, 1871 2.-. —... 59 Sweden and Norway, 1827-.-... 737 Greece, 1837...-......:.... 377 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855-.-.....775, 783 Hanover, 1840, 1846. —....390, 392 Certain vessels are to be exempted from Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -------—. 410 paying the following dues in the Honduras, 1864. —.. —-----—. -----—. 437 respective ports: Mecklenburg-S chiwerin, 1847 --—. —-.. 468 AnchorageMexico, 1831. -...-.....-.. 478 Belgium, 1858 53 Neth: rlands 1839, 1852.-543, 545 Italy, 1871 - -441 Nicarign, 1867 -.-....... 567 BuoysOldenburig, 1847.-........- - 578 Belgium, 1858........................ 53 Paraguay, 1859 —.. ——. —. —-.. —---- 595 ClearancePeru. 1851 —--- ------- 613 Italy, 1871.. —. —- -..... -........... 441 Prussia, 1808 - - -.....656 Light-houseSardinia, 1838..... -....-. 686 Belgium, 1858........................ 53 Swecden and Norway, 1827............. 740 Tonnagc — Veneznela, i860 —................ —-.801 Belgium, 1858,1863. —...... 53,56 Tonnage- Italy, 1871 441 Argentine Confederation, 1853.-........ 18 Vessels of each party in the ports of the Austria, 1829 ---— 9 —-- ----- 21 other are to be on the footing of Belgium, 1858. —. —-. —-------------- 53 the most favored nation with reBolivia, 1858 --—.. ——........- - - 69 spect to the following dues or Costa Rica, 1851 --------- - --. 160 charges: Dominican Republic, 1867 —. 180 Light duesEcuador, 1839 --------------- - --—. 188 Russia, 1832-.......................... 666 Greece, 1837 —---- -- - ----- 373 Local chargesGuatenala, 1847...................... 379 Russia, 1832.......................... 666 Hanover, 1846 ---—. —---—. —.. —.- 391 PilotageHanseatic Republics, 1827.. —.-. 400 Russia, 1832-..........666 Hawaiian Islands, 1849..-.............. 407 Port duesHonduras, 1864....................... 427 Russia, 1832 --- 666 italy, 1871 -. —. —-------—. —----—. 440 TonnageLiberia, 1862-.....................-.... 461 QCeece, 1837............- 374 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 - - --—. 467 HIayti, 1864....... 414 Mexico, 1831.-.. —--.......-........ 478 Sweden and Norway, 1827 - -. —--------.738 Netherlands, 1839, 1842.-..543, 545 Special provisions as to quarantineNew Granada., 1846.. —-.... 551 Greece, 1837 -—......-... -...- - 377 Nicaragua, 1867 - -567 Sweden and Norway, 1827............-740,741 Oldenburg; 1847.-..-................... 578 Goods the production of the soil or inOttoman Empire, 1862........588 dustry of one country, imported in Parz:guay, 1859 -.... - 595 its own vessels into the other counPeru, 1851 ---—........... —-----. 613 try for transit or re-exportation, Portugal, 1840 - -....... 635 shall not pay a discriminating Prussia, 1828..-....-.... 656 dutyRussia, 1832.......................... 666 France, 1822.2......... 243 Sardinia, 1838. —-- —...-.. —... -- 686 Salvage may be settled by arbitration Sweden and Norway, 1827............-. 737 when it cannot be agreed uponTwo Sicilies, 1845,1855-.... —-.773,781 Liberia, 1862 -462 Venezuela, 1836, 1860 - -788, 799 Salvage on recaptures, when one of the Warehouse charges- powers is neutralBelgium, 1858, (and to be confined to Prussia, 1799......................... 654 watch and storage) 5 —- 4 Privileges of transit to be ecqual for the Ottoman Empire, 1862. —---—. —-. —. 587 products of either partyWrecks- Greece, 1837.......................... - -375 Argentine Confederation, 1853.- —.. 18 Sweden and Norway, 1827 -.. 739 Austria,, 1870 - - -...... 32 Transit of merchandise through the Belgium, 1858.-..-...... 54 United States and CanadaBolivia, 1858 ------------—.- - ------ 71 Great Britain, 1871................. — - --- 365 Brazil, 1828 - - -........................... 83 No duty shall be exacted on goods from Central America, 1825- —....... 96 wrecked vessels unless destined for Chili, 1832........................... 106 consumption in the countryColombia, 1824 ----------, 151 Austria, 1870..:......... — - 32 Costa Rica, 1851 - - 160 Brazil, 1828....................... 83 Dominican Republic, 1867... —. 181 Central Am6rica, 1825..... —........ 97 Ecuador, 1839 —-..-.. —-.-........- 189 Chili, 1832.. 106 German Empire, 1871 — ------------—. 259 Colombia, 1824.................-. -. - 152 Greece, 1837.......................... 376 Ecuador, 1839 -.......-..... 189 Guatemala, 1849. —-..-.-..... —.... 379 German Empire, 1871 -...... — 259 Hanover, 1840, 1846 390, 392 Guatemala, 1849 -..................... 380 Ha;waiian Islands, 1849...l..... 410 Hianover, 1840, 18463.......390, 392 Hiayti, 1864-.-.-.-................... 415 Hawaiian Islands, 1819........ —...-. 410 Mecklenburg:Schwerin, 1847......... 468 Italy, 1871 —.-................ 441 Mexico, 1831 —.-. —. —..... 478 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.-....- - 468 Nicaragua, 1867.. -...................567 Mexico, 1831............... -....-. 479 884 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Reciprocal Commercial Agrceenents-Continued. Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens —Continued. New Granada, 1846 ------------------- 552 They may hire and occupy warehousesOldenburg, 1853.......... -............ 579 Dominican Republic, 1867-........... 179 Prussia, 1785,1799.-.............643, 650 Hayti, 1864.... 413 San Salvador, 1850..-..... -677 Swiss Confederation, 1850-..... 749 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855-......775,783 Venezuela, 1860-........ 798 Venezuela, 1860. -.. -........... 799 They may hire and occupy houses and No duty in such ease unless exacted in warehouses — like case on national vessels- Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 17 Dominican Republic, 1867....... 181 Bolivia, 1858.- - -........................ 69 HIayti, 1864 -..........415 Borneo, 1850.......................... 79 Spain, 1795.............. 700 Costa Rica, 1851... —. —- ---—...... 159 No duty is to be exacted in such case- Greece, 1837.-.-....... 373 Algiers, 1815,1816.-.......... 7, 11 Great Britain, 1794...-...2... 277 Bolivia, 1858...-... 71 - -Hanover, 1840, 1846..................387, 394 The property in such caseto be restored. Hawaiian Islands, 1849 --. —. —---- 408 to the owners if claimed within a Honduras, 1864..-... 426 year and a day- Italy, 1871. -........ 439 Netherlands, 1782....-... 537 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847 -.,- 470 Sweden and Norway, 1827............. 740 Mexico, 1831- 477 The property in such case to be restored Nicaragua, 1867 556 itf claimed- Oldenburg, 1847....-..-.... 478 Ottoman Empire, 1830 —. —... —---- 585 Paraguay, 1859 -.................. 594 Tipoli, 1805-......................... 759 Peru, 1851 -...... —--—.. —---—. —-- 613 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855...............775,783 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827......731,737 Merchant vessels are not to be impressed- Two Sicilies, 1845,1855.-.........774, 780 Ottoman Empire, 1830-.5-.-........... 584 Their dwellings shall be respectedRoutes of interior commerce, how estab- Bolivia, 1858......-... 69 lished- Hawaiian Islands, 1849...........-.... 408 Mexico, 1831 484 Peru, 1851........-................... 613 Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens of each Nation Two Sicilies, 1845,1855...............774,780 within the Territories of the other, They may engage in commerce and (see Consuls; Naturalization; Per- tradesonal Property; Real Estate; Tunis,) Argentine Confederation, 1853 -... 17 The citizens of each nation may reside in Bolivia, 1858. — - -. --—. —.- -..-... 69 the territories of the other, remain- Borneo, 1850.-.. —...... 79 ing subject to the laws- Brazil, 1828.-........... 82 Argentine Confederation, 1853 ——. —-- 17 Central America, 1825, 95 Austria, 1829 -2.,.......... 1 Chili, 1832 105 Bolivia, 1858.-........................ 69 Colombia, 1824...150 Brazil, 1828...-...-........ 82 Costa Rica, 1851...................... 159 Central America, 1825-.. 95 Denmark, 1826 ----------- 167 Chili, 1832.. -.....- 105 Dominican Republic, 1867..... 179 Colombia, 1824....................... 150 Ecuador, 18,39 —.. —------------- 187 Costa Rica, 1851 -------- - 159 Great Britain, 1794-.'277 Denmark, 1826.....-................. 167 Greece, 1837 -........ 373 Dominican Republic, 1867............-. 179 1849 378 Ecuador, 1839. -...... 187 Hanover, 1840, 1846.-.. -....387, 394 Great Britain, 1794....-..... 277 Htanseatic Republics, 1827. -.... 402 Greece, 1837..-.... 373 Hayti, 1864......-..-.. 413 Guatemala, 1849 --—.......- - 378 Htonduras, 1864.. ——..-.............. 428 Hanover, 1840,1846..................387, 394 Italy, 1871 439 Hawaiian Islands, 1849 -...... --- --- 408 Liberia, 1862..-. 461 I-Haytii, 1864........................... 413 Mecklenburg-Schweriu. 1847.... 470 Honduras, 1864................ —..... 426 Mexico, 1831-..-....... 477 Italy, 1871-........ - - -439 Muscat, 1833.-........-.. —........ 528 Liberia, lef --.1862-.................- -461 New Granada, 1846. -..... 550 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847. —------- 470 Nicaragua, 1867 --------- - 566 Mexico, 1831.......................... 477 Oldenburg, 1847..........- 578 New Granada, 1846-........ 550 Paraguay, 1859.......... 594 Nicaragua, 1867....... 566 Peru, 1851 613 Oldenburg, 1847..578 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -. 602 Paraguay, 1859............ 594 Prussia, 1785,1799. -—.......641,649 Peru, 1851............................ 613 San Salvador, 1850.-...... 675 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.-...-..-.. 602 Sweden and Norway, 1616, 1827. 7...31,737 Portugal, 1840.,.....................- 634 Twvo Sicilies, 1845, 1855..-.. — 774,780 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828.. —......641,649, 656 Venezuela, 1836, 1860-.........787,798 Russia, 1832-...........666 They are to be subject to no greater taxes, San Salvador, 1850....... 675 duties,'or chavges than citizens of Sardinia, 1838 --—. —-------—. —.. 684 the most favored nationSweden and Norway, 1816,1827 -......731,737 Bolivia, 1858-...... 69 Swiss Confederation, 1850-....... 748 Borneo, 1850. —....- -........... 79 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855.- -...- -...774, 780 Chili, 1832:-.......-....... 105 Venezuela, 1836, 1860.-....787, 788, 798 Colombia, 1824-..-.............. 151 The citizens of each nation may reside in Costa Rica, 1851..- 161 the territories of the other — Denmark, 1826.. -... -...-.-.-... 169 Borneo, 1850 -........................ 79 France, 1778-.-2.................. 204 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIS 885 Page. Page. Recilprocal Privileges of Citizens-Continued. Recilpocal P'rivcilcges of Cilizevs-Continued. Hawaniian Islands, 1849 - —. - -..- 408 Nicaraguai, 1867 -.-.. —------—.. —---- 569 Mexico, 1831 ---------- -- 477 Peru, 1851 --------- — 613 Netherlands, 1782-..........533, 534 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827 ----— 734,737 Nicaragua, 1867......- - -.. - 568 They shall be put on the footing of reOttoman Empire, 1830...- - 583 ciprocal equality, except when so Peru-Bolivia, 1836.-.... —---—. — ---- 603 doing conflicts with constitutional Prussia, 1785, 1799 -.641,649 or legal provisions of either partySan Salvador, 1850....... 677 Orange Free State, 1871 —.....580 Sweden, 1783 -..- —............. 723 Swiss Confederation, 1850.....-........ 749 Tunis, 18'24-........................... 770 But this shall not extend to political Two Sici]ics, 1845, 1855. —-—. —------— 774, 780 rightsThey shall enjoy all the privileges of citi- Orange Free State, 1871............... 580 zens of the most favored nations — Swiss Confederation, 1850.749 Bolivia, 1858.......................... 70 They may exercise their.profession — Borneo, 1850 —- ----------- 79 Swiss Confederation, 1850 ----—... —-- 748 Central America, 1825.. —-—.. ——. ---- 96 They shall pay no other or higher taxes, Chili, 1832 ----------- -------------- 105 charges, or requisitions than citiChina, 186............................ 148 zens payColombia, 1824-.. —---- ----------- 151 Argentine Confederation, 1853.-..... 19 Guatemala, 1849 -...-...... —----- 379 Belgium, 1858-.. 52 Hanseatic Republics, 1827.-.....401, 402 Bolivia, 1858 -.......-... 69 Hawaiian Islands, 1849............... 409 Honduras, 1864 —.......... 428 Liberia, 1862.....- -.. 461 Italy, 1871.. ——.. —---—........ —--- 439 Mexico, 1831 —.... ---—. 477 Nicaragua, 1867.. 570 Netherlands, 1782...........-_...533,534 Orange Free State, 1871............... 580 New Granada, 1846......- 551,552 Paraguay, 1859 --------- -...596 Persia, 156 ------ ------- 599 Peru, 1851.-..- -.613 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.-............ -......602, 603 Swiss Confederation, 1850 -............. 749 San Salvador, 1850......-675, 676 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855-.....-..774, 781 Tripoli, 1796, 1805.-7..........756, 759 Or contributionsTunis, 1797 -765 Dominican Republic, 1867.. —-------- 178 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855 —-- ---- 774,780 They may manage their own affairs, and They shall enjoy all the rights of na- employ such brokers, agents, or tives — factors as they chooseArgentine Confederation, 1853......... 18 Argentine Confederation, 185 -......... 1 Bolivia, 18'58'- 69 Blrazil,.1828 -------—..- ----.2.. —....' Brazil, 18s28...-......... 82 Central America, 1825 ---------—. -—. 96 Colombia, 1824....- -... 151 Chili, 1832. —.. —-..-.-............... 105 1Denmark, 1826'..........167 Colombia, 1824 - - - -151 Ecuador, 1839........................ 187 Costa Rica, 1851.-... -... 161 Guatemala, 1849..-....-... 378 Dominican Republic, 1867....... 179 Hanover, 1840, 1846 -— 387,394 Ecuador, 1839.......................188, 189 Hanseatic Republics, 1827-... 402 Guatemala, 1849.379 Hawaiian Islands, 1849............... 408 IHanover, 1840, 1846 - -..................387,394 Honduras, 1864. —----------—..... 428 Hanseatic Republics, 1827.-...-.401, 402 I~taly, 1871............................. 439 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-. 46......... Mecklenburg-Schweriu, 1847 --- —. -—. 470 Hayti, 1864 -----—.. —..-.......... —.. 41 New Granada, 1846 -. -..-........... 552 Honduras, 1864. -.......... 426 Oldenbnrg, 1847 - -578 Italy, 1871....... —. 43i) Ottoman Empire, 1862, (as to ware- Mecklenburg-Schweriun, 1847 -. —--—.- 40 housing, bounties, facilities, and Mexico, 1831... -.. ——. —-. ——. 478 drawbacks) ---------- ---------—. 587 Morocco, 1787, 1836 —...... —-.. —. 518, 523 Paraguay, 1859 -............. 596 Netherlands, 1782 —....-5... 535 Peru, 1851............. -617 New Granada, 1846.. -—..5 —-... —-.551, 552 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.-.....-..., 604 Nicaragua, 1867. -----—.............. 568 Portugal, 1840-. -....... 634 Oldenburg, 1847. ------—.. —-----... 578 Prussia, 1828 ---------- ----------—. 656 Paraguay, 1859 - - -596 Russia, 1832 —.........- 666 Peru, 1851 ------ --------- 615 San Salvador, 1850.-....... 678 Peru-Bolivia, 1836. —--—......... —-. 603 Sardinia, 1838 - ---- 684 San Salvador, 1850-..-.. 677 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855-........774,780 Sweden, 1783.... —...... 730 Venezuela, 1836,1860................787,798 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827- - 7....735,741 They shall be placed on the footing of Swiss Confederation, 1850..............749 natives as to expropriations in Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855 —..... —---— 774, 780 time of wars- Venezuela., 1836, 1860-.7..8.....78, 798 Orange Free State, 1871 -...... 580 They shall have the same access to the Swiss Confederation, 1850...... 749 courts as natives, and may employ They shall enjoy complete protection such advocates, agents, and attorwhile they submit to the laws — neys as they pleaseArgentine Confederation, 1853......... 17 Argentine Confederation, 1853-...... 18 Costa Rica., 1851. -...... —... 159 Bolivia, 1858 -....- —..... 72 Greece, 1837-. —..- -. - -..-.. 373 Brazil, 1828 - 84 Honduras, 1864 -..................... 426 Central America, 1825......... —..... 97, 98 Italy, 1871- —.............. 439 Chili, 1832....- -........... 106 Liberia, 1862. -.4.......61 Colombia, 1824- 152 Mexico,' 18.31........... —........477 Costa Rica,.1851 -...............- 161 886 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Recilprocal Privileges of Citizens —Continued. Reciprocal Privileqes of Citizens-Continued. Dominican Republic, 1867... —-----—. 179 Mexico, 1831......................... 478 Ecuador, 1839 —......... — -—........ 190 Nicaragua, 1867. -........ 569 Guatemala, 1849 —------- - 380 Orange Free State, 1871 -... 580 Hanover, 1840, 1846 - -------- 388, 394 Paraguay, 1859-...-. -... 596 Hanseatic Republics, 1827. —...- 402 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 603 Hayti, 1864. —...- -..- - -....413 Swiss Confederation, 1850 —-..-.-.... 749 IHonduras, 1864-....................... 428 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855. - --....774,780 Italy, 1871 -... —-. -.... 444 Venezuela, 1860 -..................... 798 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847..... 470 From billeting of soldiersMexico, 1831. -479 Two Sicilies, 1855-. 780 New Granada, 1846......... — -—.... 553 From contributions as compensation for Nicaragua, 1867 —------ - 568 personal military serviceOldenburg, 1847-.................... 578 Italy, 1871........................... 440 Paraguay, 1859...................... - -596 They shall not be exempt from such conPeru, 1851. — -....- -............... 617 tributions — Peru-Bolivia, 1836.......... —.......... 604 Orange Free State, 1871............... 580 San Salvador, 1.850........-............ 678 Swiss Confederation, 1850............ 749 Spain, 1795.-..... -706 They shall be exempt from forced loansSwiss Confederation, 1850 —-—.... — -- 749 Argentine Confederation, 1853... 19 Two Sicilies, 1855. —---—.-. —--—. 781 Bolivia, 1858.....-.. 69 Venezuela, 1836,1860_..... —- 790,798 Costa Rica, 1851 ---.. —.-... —----—.- 161 They may employ such advocates, attor- Dominican Republic, 1867.-.... 178 neys, notaries, solicitors, or factors, IHIawaiian Islands, 1849. —........ —- 408 as they judge proper- Hayti, 1864 ----------- -- 413 Netherlands, 1782 —....-.. 535 Honduras, 1864 ----------— 428 They and their agents to have the right Nicaragua, 1867 -569 to be present at decisions of tribu- Paraguay, 1859. —----. —. —-----—. 596 nals in cases which concern them, Peru, 1851 -------- ------ 613 and at the taking of all examina- Peru-Bolivia, 1836....603 tions and evidence- Two Sicilies, 1845,1855...............-774, 780 Bolivia, 1858 7 ------------- 72 Venezuela, 1860-...... -798 Central America, 1825. —---—. —-—. 98 From military exactionsChili, 1832. —--—......... —------ 106 Argentine Confederation, 1853....-... 19 Colombia, 1824. —-... ——.. —-. —- 152 Costa Rica, 1851............... 161 Ecuador, 1839..-.......-. 190 Dominican Republic, 1867:...... 178 Guatemala, 1849...- -......-. 381 Hayti, 1864 413 Hanseatic Republics, 1827. — 402 Honduras, 1864. 428 Italy, 1871 --—..... —-----—. — ------ 444 Nicaragua, 1867-........ 569 Mexico 1871 -..-.....- 479 Paraguay, 1859..................... 596 New Granada, 1846 - 553 Venezuela, 1860 -.. —-- -.............. 798 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 ----—.. —... —--- -. 604 From contributionsSan Salvador, 1850- -....-... 678 Bolivia, 1858.. —-------—. —-....... -69 Spain, 1795 -------- - ---- 706 Nicaragua., 1867.-. —---—.... ——. —-. 569 Venezuela, 1836.- - 790 Peru, 1851-.. -... -. 613 When arrested for debt or alleged offenses, Peru-Bolivia, 1836 --—.-.............. 603 to be prosecuted only according to From contributions in time of warlaw, and by regular course of pro- Nicaragua, 1867- ------ -- -. 569 ceedings- Orange Free State, 1871 -...... 580 Netherlands, 1782. —-------—. —-..... 535 They shall be exempt from extraordinary Prussia, 1785. —..................-.... 645 contributions not general and esSpain, 1795...... —...... 706 tablished by lawSweden, 1783 -----------—.- - -------—.727 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-............... 408 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827.. ——.735,741 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855...............774,780 Not liable to imprisonment without formal From contributions higher than those paid commitment under warrant, except, by natives&.c. — Costa Rica, 18-51..................... 161 Peru, 1851 --- - — 617 Dominican Republic, 1867 —.. —------ 178 When imprisoned to be treated with Hayti, 1864. ---—. —.. —- —.. —----- 413 humanity- Honduras, 1864....................... 428 Peru, 1851. —-. —-—.. —-—.. — ------ 617 Mexico, 1831 478 Their vessels and effects are to be pro- Orange Free State, 1871-....... 580 tected and defended- Paraguay, 1859.-... -..... 596 Prussia, 1785, 1799 --------------—. —642, 650 Venezuela., 1860...................... 798 Sweden, 1783 - - - 730 From judicial or municipal officeSweden and Norway, 1816,1827-.-.735,741 Italy, 1871 440 Tunis, 1824 ------------- - ----------— 769, 770 Their property shall not be taken for any They shall be exempt from compulsory public object without compensation military service- paid in advanceArgentine Confederation, 1853. —----- 19 Nicaragua, 1867...-...... 569 Costa Rica, 1851......... —............. 161 Nor without compensation on the same Dominican Republic, 1867........... —.. 178 footing with nativesFrance, 1788 - -223 Orange Free State, 1.871.....-.. 580 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-.. —......... 408 They shall not be liable to embargo or Hayti, 1864 - - -413 detention of their vessels, cargoes, Honduras, 1864. — -.......... 428 merchandise, or effectsItaly, 1871 - - -- 439 Bolivia, 1858 -.. 69 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 887 Page. Page. Recilrocal Privileges of Citizens-Continued. RecilJrocal Phrivileges of Citizens-Continued. Brazil, 1828. 83 Bolivia, 1858 7.2......... Central America, 1825.................- 97 Brazil, 1828 -- -...........84 Chili, 1832-.. —-....... —--- ------- 105 Central America, 1825. —-—... —. —- 98 Colombia, 1824 --—.... —-.. —..- 151 Chili, 1832 -.-.-. -........ — -—.-.. 106 Ecuador, 1839 ----------—....-...... 189 China, 1868- -........ 148 Guatemala, 1849...................... 379 Colombia, 1824..................... 152 Italy, 1871 —-------—. —--------------. 440 Costa Rica, 1851 -.................... 162 Mexico, 1831..-. -....... 478 Dominican Republic, 1867.. —.... 179 Netherlands, 1782........... 535 Ecuador, 1839 -------- -----— 190 New Granada, 1846................... 552 Guatemala, 1849...................... 381 Peru, 1851.- 613 Hawaiian Islands, 1849................ 409 Peru-Bolivia, 1836...................-. 603 Hayti, 1864......................... 413 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828.......... — 645,653,659 Honduras, 1864 - -429 San Salvador, 1850.................... 677 Mexico, 1831.-.....479, 480 Spain, 1795. — 7... —-- -- 06 Netherlands, 1782 —. —------ 534 Sweden, 1783 —.......... 726,727 New Granada, 1846 ------—. —------- 553 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827.......735,741 Nicaragua, 1867. -570 Tunis, 1797, 1824-. - — 765,769 Paraguay, 1859....................... -597 Venezuela, 1836....................... -- 789 Peru, 1857 617 Unless compensation allowed- Peru-Bolivia, 1836................... 604 Bolivia, 1858 —---—..... ——.-......... 69 Prussia, 1785,1799...................-644,651 Brazil, 1828........................... 83 San Salvador, 1850-..... 678 Central America, 1825 —-- -. —....... 97 Sweden, 1783......................... 723 Chili, 1832........... — -------------- 105 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827..-...735,741 Colombia, 1824 -151 Venezuela, 1836, 1860..-......790,799 Ecuador, 1839........................ 189 They may enjoy freedom of religions worGuatemala, 1849 -.. 379 ship on conditions named in the Italy, 1871.......................... 440 respective treatiesMexico, 1871.......................... 478 Algiers, 1815,1816... —......8,12 New Granada, 1846. —-............. 552 Argentine Confederation, 1853.......-.. 20 Peru, 1851. — 6................... 613 China, 1868-........................... 148 Peru-Bolivia, 1836-.................... 603 Costa Rica, 1851...................-.... 162 Prussia, 1799,1828.-...... -............653,659 Dominican Republic, 1867....- -... 179 San Salvador, 1850 - -.................... 677 IHIayti, 1864- -.......... 413 Venezuela, 1836 —--- ------- 789 Honduras, 1864.-42..........9. 429 Compensation to be agreed upon and paid Japan, 1858.......................... 453 in advance- Mexico, 1831.-. —- -................. 480 Bolivia, 1858....................-.. 09 Netherlands, 1782.-. —-------. 534 Peru 1851............................ 613 New Granada, 1846 553 To be agreed upon in advance when pos- Nicaragua, 1867. 570 sible — Paraguay, 1859-.-. -............ 597 Italy, 1871 -......................... 440 Prussia, 1785 1799...................644,651 To be subjected to such embargo only San Salvador, 1850... - -. 678 in case of urgent necessity- Sweden, 1783-........-.-.. —---—. —- 723 Prussia, 1799,1828. --—.. —-—.. —— 653,659 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827...-...735,741 Their books and papers not subject to in- Venezuela, 1836,1860................790,799 spection without the order of a They are to have the liberty of burialcompetent legal tribunal- Argentine Confederation, 1853... —. 20 Bolivia, 1858. — 69 Bolivia, 18587..2.... —`2 Hawaiian Islands, 1849................ 408 Brazil 1828-. 84 H-ayti, 1864 —...-4.................... 413 Central America, 1825-....-.. 98 Peru, 1851.......... —. 613 Chili, 1832..106 Two Sicilies, 1845,1855-............774, 780 China, 1868..........................- 148 The citizens of each country are to have Colombia, 1824 -.....................-. 152 a right to travel in the possessions Costa Rica, 1851-...................... 162 of the other- Dominican Republic, 1867............. 179 Bolivia, 1858 --............69 Ecuador, 1839 -........................ 190 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-.. -... 408 Guatemala, 1849 - ---------- 381 Italy, 1871-........................... 439 Hayti, 1864 -... 413: Nicaragua, 1867-... 569 IHonduras, 1864 -.. —...... ——..- -—. 429 Peru, 1851....... —..... 613 Mexico, 1831.-........................ 480 Two Sicilies, 1845, 1855- -....774,780 Netherlands, 1782................... 534 Venezuela, 1860.. --........ -798 New Granada, 1846. 553 They may intermarry with natives- Nicaragua, 1867-....................... 570 Nicaragua, 1867-..-... 569 Paraguay, 1859......... —.. 597 May enjoy all the privileges of the public Peru, 1851 - -......................-...... 617 educational institutions- Peru-Bolivia, 1836. - - 604 China, 1868..........................148,149 Prussia, 1785,1799-....... 644,651 They may establish and maintain schools San Salvador, 1850- -- -678 at places where foreigners are per- Sweden, 1783... —-. -..723 mitted to reside- Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-......735, 741 China, 1868-.... -.-....... 149 Venezuela,, 1836, 1860-.....790, 799 May enjoy freedom of religious belief Pretexts arising from religious opinions respecting at the same time the not to interrupt harmony between laws and nsages of the country — the nations — Argentine Confederation, 1853.....-. 20 Algiers, 1815, 1816.......- -. 8, 10 888 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Recioc Piileges of iiens- Continued. eciprocal Privileges of Citizens-Continued. Tripoli, 1796,1805 —-----------. —--— 756,760 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -------- - 608 On the breaking out of war between the Suspected persons may be required to two countries, the citizens of each move into the interior forthwithin the country of the other may re- Peru, 1851.-.......... 621 main and continue to trade as long Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -.........608 as they behave peaceably — All can remain and be protected who beArgentine Confederation, 1853......... 19 have peaceably and commit no ofGreat Britain, 1794...... 281 fense against the lawsParaguay, 1859.....................- -. 597 Honduras, 1864....................... 429 Peru, 1851 --------------------------- 620 Nicaragua, 1867-....569,570 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -----------------—. 608 Their effects are not liable to confiscaAll persons may remain unmolested whose tion — occupations are for the common Argentine Confederation, 1853......... 19 benefit of mankind- Bolivia, 1858 --.. —-----—. 76 Italy, 1871...-.... 444 Brazil, 18'28. —--------—... —- 87 Mexico, 1848.......................... 500 Central America, 1825...-.... 101 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828 -—. —--— 636,654,659 Chili, 1832 -......... 110 All but merchants can remain, protected Columbia, 1824 155 in person and property, unless they Costa Rica, 1851 -----—.. —... — -- 162 fortibit tile right by their conduct- Dominican Republic, 1867...........-.. 178 B3olivia, 1858 -—.. —---—... ——. —- 76 Ecuador. 1839.-. —-—.. ——.. —---- 193 Brazil, 1828 2.8... 87 France, 1800-2 27 —-—.-. —---------'27 Central America, 1825..-. 101 Great Britain, 1794 -2..... 75 Chili, 1832.-......... -.- 110 Guatemala, 1849-................... 384 Colombia, 1824.......- 155 Hayti, 1864 —.. —-..- -...... ——.-.- —. 413 Costa Rica, 1851.......-.... 162 Honduras, 1864. —-................... 429 Ecuador, 1839....................... 193 Mexico, 1831 —. —---------------—.... 483 Guatemala, 1849 ---—.. —-—. —----—. 384 New Granada, 1846.................-.. 556 Mexico, 1831.....- 483 Nicaragua, 1867 —---—. —. —--------- 570 New Granada, 1846.. 556 Paraguay, 1859.- 597 San Salvador, 1850 -. —------------ 681 Peru, 1851 --. 620 Venezuela, 1836.-. 793 Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -........ -......... 608 Six months are granted to merchants and Spain, 1795.......................... 706 citizens to arrange their business Sweden,1783....-.. 728 and withdraw their effects- Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827......-735,741 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 178 Two Sicilies, 1855...-... 779 France, 1778,1800.- - -.........209, 2226, 227 Venezuela, 1836,1860..........,..... 793,798 Hayti, 1864-...,...-.. -412 Or to other demands than those made Two Sicilies, 1855 -... —---—.-. —-- 779 upon the property of nativesVenezuela, 1860. —. -.-............. 798 Argentine Confederation, 1853..-.. 19 Six months allowed to those on the coast, Costa Rica, 1851 ------- 162 and twelve months to those in the Shall be placed on an equal footing with interior- natives in respect to indemnity for 1Bolivia, 1858 —----..-............. 75,76 damagesBrazil, 18-28..-......... 87 Orange Free State, 1871 -.-... 580 Central America, 18-25..... —-—... --- 101 Swiss Confederation, 1850-...... - 749 Chili, 1832. —-..-. —-—... -------- 110 To be allowed passports which shall proColombia, 1824 ---------—... -. 155 tect them and their propertyCosta Rica, 1851...................... 162 Bolivia, 1858 --------—.. ------—. - 76 Ecuador, 1839........................ 193 Brazil, 1828.. ----.. ——.. — -—..... 87 Gua;temala, 1849...................... 384 Central America, 1825....... 101 HIonduras, 1864...................... 429 Chili, 1832-........ 110 Italy, 1871......................-.... 444' Colombia, 1824.......... 155 Mexico, 1831,1848 ------------—.482, 483,500 Costa Rica, 1851 -.... 162 New Granada, 1846.-.. 556 Dominican Republic, 1867.............- - -- 178 Nicaragua, 1867 -..........569 Ecuador, 1839 -—............... 193 San Salvador, 1850_ -.. - -. -..-...681 France, 1800.. —.... 2927 Nine months granted- Guatemala, 1849...................... 384 Morocco, 1787, 1836....-.....52W0, 524 Hayti, 1864.............-.. 413 Netherlands, 1782. —--------------—. 538 Honduras, 1864 — 42... —. —------—. 4A9 Prussia, 1785, 1799,1828. —-—...- 646, 654,659 Italy, 1871 —..... —-. --—. —-.. ——. — 444 Venezuela, 1836............-.......... 793 Netherlands, 1782-. ---------------- 538 Sweden, 1783. —-—..... 728 New Granada, 1846.... —-... 556 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827.-. —— 735,741 Nicaragua, 1867....................... -569 One year grantedl- Paraguay, 1859.... -....... 597 Spain, 1795......................-.. 707 Peru, 1851.-. —-—..-. —------------ 621 Tunis, 1797.-..-....... 767 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 608 Indemnity is to be made for any injury San Salvador, 1850.-... 681 done dluring that time- Sweden, 1783 -.. ——. —-------------- 728 Spain, 1795.....-........707 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827 — 7 —— 735,741 They are to have such time as they re- Two Sicilies, 1855.-.-..... 779 quire- Venezuela, 1836,1860..............-.. 793,798 Paraguay, 1859 -................. 597 Their goods shall not be destroyed nor When ordered to removexshall have twelve their felds wasted — months after notice — Italy, 1871.-.-.-.-..-........ 444 Peru, 1851 -.... -;..,, -..-. - -..620, 621 Mexico, 1848................... -.... 500 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 889 Page. Pe. Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens-Continued. aeu. Rssia —Continued. Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828 —.. —.- 646,654, 659 Russians not to resort to establishProperty taken for useof armies to be ments of United States without paid for- permission -............-.. 665 Italy, 1871 —..........444 3. American establishments not to Mexico, 1848 ------------—. —- -—. 500 be formed north of 540 40/'.-..... 665 Prussia, 1785, 1i99, 1728..........-46, 654, 659 Russian establishments not to be Churches, hospitals, schools, &c., to be formed south of 540 40'/.. -.- - -. 665 respected- 4. Free navigation of interior seas, for Mexico, 1848........................ 500 what period ----—.. —-- ---------- 665 Reciprocity, (see Fiavored Nation Clause; Con- 5. Articles excepted firom this commerce. 665 sdls; Extradition; Neutrals; Natur- Restriction not to authorize search alization; Personal Property; Real of vessels ---------.............- 665 Estate; Reciprocal Commerci~al Agree. Penalties for infractions, how to be ments; Reciprocal Prhivleges of Citi- determined ----.... —.... —-------- 665 zeus, i-c.; Vessels; T[War,) 6. Ratifications.......-. 665 Treaty of, with Great Britain, 1854....-329-333 le-exportation. (See Reciprocal Commnercial ay f o ee ad vi Agr~eemnts.)t. -~gation, Decembn er 6-?6, 1~32-666-670 Religious Liberty, (see Reciprocal Privileges of 1. Feoocm rea nvgio- 6 1. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 666 Citizens, $c.,) Gi Citizens of United States in China shall Rights of residence..and busiess-..666 enjoy.......................... — 136 2. Equality of tonnage-duties, &c-... 666 3. Iniportations in vessels of either naChinese converts to Christianity shaill,,.,,.,,,,.,.6, 7 enjoy............................ 136 to..6~6 enjoy -- 136 tion-666,667 Americans in Japan shall enjoy -—. —-- 453 Equality of duties and charges - -- 667 4. Applicability of stipulations.. —--- 667 American citizens in Siam shall be al-Appliaility f tiplatios-667 low.ed -—. —------------------- -,697 5. Exportations in vessels of either naReligious Opinions. tion 667 tion............................. 66i7 Equality of duties and charges.. —-—. 667 Pretexts arising from, not to interrupt u haetets Zrmony- fT~u1 not o 6. Duties on products of either country 667 harmony- Prohibitions to be general ----------- 66 Algiers, 1815, 1816 - - - 8,12 7 Tripoli, 1796, 1805 ---- --- - 756, 760 7 Coasting-trade reserved-6(7 8. Consular officers, appointment of.. 668 Their privileges and powers......... 668 Not to be made for infractions of treaty, Their privileges and powers - 668 Ntunto i statement of injo urie madea, When engaged in trade, to be subject until stateent of injries madeto laws of the country ------------ 668 and redress refu:sed or delayed- to laws of the cntry -668 Bolivia, 1858 7 —.i- p.e- - - 77 rSettlements of disputes between masBrazil, 1828 -89 ters and crews —---- 668 Central America; 1825 —--------—. -. 1 03 9. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 668 Chili, 1832.. -.. —-.- I —-. 1 ~.10. Disposal of personal property........ 668 Colombia, 1824..-...........- - -........ 157 Succession to personal estates-........ 66 Ecuador, 1839 ----------------------- 195 Dues payable same only as by native Great Britain, 1794 — - 79 citizens -6 —-. —----- - 9 68 ~Guatemala, 1849. - -.-~ 386 Property of absent heirs to be cared Mexico, 1831...................... 485 for668 MewxGrnad, 18 46 -------- -------------- 4 559 — - -- -- -- -- - New Granada, 1846 - - -- 559 Questions among claimants, how dePeru, 18516.2.......... 3 cided 668 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.................... 610 ~ ~ ~ ~err r Peru-Bolivia, 1836........-...... — -... 610 Real estate, time allowed heirs for Portugal, 1840..........- - - 638 disposal of669 Venezuela, 1836 --...................- 7 95 Same duties as payable by natives..- 669 Until question of arbitration considered- Russian laws to prevent emigration Mexico, 1848 --- ------------------ -. 500 Fnot derogated from- ----- - 669 I ~~~~~~~~~~~11. Favors granted to other nations to beRetraite, Droit de, (see Personal Property; Real 11. Favors granted to other nations to be-Elstate,) come common -.... —---- --—..... 669 Abolished by treaties with- 12. )uration of treaty —----- - - 669 ~Bas~varia, 1845. --.- - -.. 41 ~ Stipulations extended to Poland... 669 Bes-avaria, 1845 ---------------------- 412 IHesse-Cassel, 1844 - -4.4-,. —- p 2l 2 13. Ratifications............. 669 Nassau, 1846 —------ - ------ 531 Separate articleSaxony, 1845.......... —.. p. — -T 690 Treaty not affected by special stipulaWiirtemberg, 1844. -.,-.- - —. 809 tions between Russia and Prussia................... ~and Swed~en anud Norwaty.-.......669, 670) IRobbery. (See Extradition.) and Sweden and Norway669,670 ~~~~~~~~~~Rupture, ~Effect of separate article.... 670 1Zzc~~~~~~t9 1~~~~~~e, 12~~~~~atifications......~-................. 670 Between the parties, when not to be deemed to exist- Convention relatirve to rights of Great Britain, 1794.. - - -. 281 neun'trals,at sea, July 22, Russia, 1S 4.~ -..................60, 6771 Convention relative to iaviga- 1. Principles recognizedtion, fisiling, &e., in the Free ships make free goods.......-.. 670 Paecific Ocean, April 5-, Neutral property on enemy's vessel 1824 -- 6-..-....-664,665 not subject to confiscation. —.. 60 —. 1. Freedom of navigation and fishing in Applicability of principles.-67...0.... the Pacific Ocean - -....... 664 2. Ulterior understanding reserved-.670 Trade with natives upon coasts..- - - 664 Rule in judging of rights ofneutrality. 671 2. Citizens of the United States not to 3. Accession to principles by other naresort to Russian establishments tions 671 withoultpermission........ —.....664, 665 4, Ratifications'. - 671 890 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Russia-Continued. San Salvador-Continued. Conlventaon for' the cessioon of Coasting-trade reserved.-. 676 laassianl Poss~essions- to tlae 4. Importations and exportations in vesUnited States, Iaarcla 30, sels of either nation. —---------- 676 6. --—................ —------— 671-673 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks.... 676 1. Cession of territory and dominion.. 671 5. Duties on products of either country. 676 Boundaries of ceded territory......671, 672 6. Applicability of stipulations. —-.. 676 2. Property included in cession. —..... 672 7. Management of business, &ce -. —--- 677 3. Rights of inhabitants in ceded terri- 8. No embargo without indemnification- 677 tory --—... —-.. -.672, 673 9. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge —. 677 Election of citizenship, when........ 672 10. Captures by pirates to be restored- - 677 Admission to citizenship of United 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck. 677 States.- -........................ 673 12. Disposal of personal property. — -. 677 Uncivilized tribes, regulation of. 673 Succession to personal estates.... —. 677 4. I)elivery of ceded territory, &c --—. 673 Dues payable same only as by native 5. Military posts to be delivered up -—. 673 citizens. —... —--- --—.. 678 Withdrawal of Russian troops - -.. 673 13. Protection to persons and property-. 678 6. Sum to be paid by United States -—. (;73 Access to judicial tribunals. -..... 678 Ceded territory declared unincum- Employment of attorneys and agents. 678 bered.. - 673 Presence at trials.. 678 Conveyance to be absolute —-. ——. 673 14. Religious liberty. —-. - 678 7. Ratifications -..... 673 Rights of burial.................... 678 Article respecting trade-a narks, 15. Neutral trade in time of war........ 678 Jantuaany 27, 16~.- - ---—. 674 Free ships make free goods.......... 678 Counterfeiting trade-marks prohib- Neutrality extended to persons. —-. 679 ited.- -....................... 674 Applicability of principle. —---—.. 679 Deposit of trade-marks............. 674 16. Neutral property on enemy's vessel.. 679 Termination of article.............. 674 17. Contraband articles................. 679 Ratifications - -...................... 674 18. Other merchandise free............ 679 Definition of blockade - - 679 So. 19. Confiscation of contraband articles.. 680 Sainlt Clair l'bats Ccancal, 20. Blockaded ports, regulations at.. —-. 680 British subjects to have equal use of. 364 21. Regulation of visits at sea......- 680 Saint Clair River. 22. Sea-letters or passports. ——..... —-. 680 Free navigation of, Great Britain, 1842 319 Certificates of cargo.-......... 681 Scin1t Croitx liver; 23. Vessels undcler convoy not to be examDetermination of, by commissioners, 271, 272 ined........-...6.... 681 Commissioners released from particu- 24. Prize causes, adcljudication of....... 681 larizing latitude and longitude of 25. Regulation in case of war between the source of.....-..... 284 parties — Description of, how may be made —. 284 Hostilities, by whol to be carried on 681 A lmonull ent to be erected at the 26. Letters of marque not to be accepted. 681 source of........ 284 27. Time allowed merchants to remove. 681 Northern boundary, fronm source of, Safe-conduct to be given them....... 681 how to be determined. -...289, 290 Who may remain undisturbedl.- 681 Saint Helesa, Islana of, 28. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.... 682 Declaration relative to; while occu- 29. Envoys, ministers, &c -. e....-. 682 pied as a residence for General Bo- 30. Consuls and vice-consuls............ 682 nalparte-. -'..........295,'296 31. Commissions and exequaturs...682 Saint John's River, -New B —- - sw icek, 32. Immunities of consular officers...... 682 Free navigation of —Great Britain,.Inviolability of archives. 682 1842 -.. -.. —....- 317,.318.... 33. Reclamation of deserters from vesNo duty on Maine lumber floated sels. ——.......... —--------—.. —— 682,683 down-Great Britain, 1854, 1871 -.332, 366 34. A consular convention to be formed.. 683 Saint Lalwrence River, 35. Duration of treaty-..-. —-.-. —--- 683 Free navigation of-Great Britain, Infringement of treaty -..-.-.. 683 1854 1871.............331,364 Reprisals and declarations of war.-. 683 Salt, Ratifications......... -............ 683 Provisions concerning importation, Sa-dinia, (see Italy,) &c, ofBelgium, 1845,1858; 1863.......... 50, 53, 56 reay f on ere ad naiOttoman Empire, 1862 — 589 a ona, N-ovemhber 26, Sadiiam, 1838 -- 6856 -------------------- 7 1. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 684 Salvage. (See Consuls; Reciprocal Commelcial Rights of residence and business —- 6 Avgreementss) a2. Tonnage-dluties, &c -----------—. 684 3. Importations in vessels of either naSavdwiich Islands. (See ifHawaiian Islands.) tion.-........ —--- ----—......... —- 685 San Salvador-. Equality of duties and charges —-. 685 Treaty of amity9 navigation, and 4. Applicability of stipulations........ 685 coma merce, January 2, 5. Exportations in vessels of either na850.-.675-683 tion.-......... 685 1. Peace and friendship................ 675 Duties, bounties, and crawblacks 685 2. IFavors granted to other nations to be- 6. Duties on products of either country 685 come common.-............. 675 Prohibitions to be general........... 685 3. Freedom of commerce and navigation. - 675 7. Coasting-trade reserved-....-..... 686 Rights of residence andc business....675, 676 8. No preferences in importations..-... 686 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 891 Page. Page. Sardilia- -Continued. Search. (See Vessels.) 9. Favors granted to other nations to be- Ship-Canal. (See Inleroceanic Communications.) come common -------- ---—.... 686 Ships of War, 10. Vessels touching at ports.-...... —-. 686 Of each nation in the ports of the other, 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck.. —- 686 to receive the treatment of those of Salvage -------—..- ----------. 686 the most favored nation12. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge. 686 Italy, 187143......................... 439 13. Blockaded ports, regulations at.-..-. 687 May enter all the harbors, rivers, and 14. T'ransit of American products through places where other foreign ships of Sardinian territory.-.... —-. —--- 687 war may come, and may anchor, reExcepted articles -........ 687 main, and repair there, subject to No duties, except, &c-.-...-. 687 to the laws of the countryNotice of transit-duty to be given.... 687 Argentine Confederation, 1853 -..... 17 What to be deemed products of United Costa Rica, 1851. 159 States.-.....-... 687 Great Britain, 1794.................. 280 15. Consular officers, appointment and Honduras, 1864....................... 426 prerogatives of.. —.. —-—.. —....- 687 Nicaragua, 1867.. —.......... —...... 566 When engaged in trade to be subject May obtain crews without molestationto laws of the country... —...-.. 687 Netherlands, 1782.-......540 16. When citizens appointed consuls, lia- Are to protect the vessels of the other bility of. -.-..-..-..687, 688 partyConsular archives to be inviolate -.... 688 France, 1778.... 205 17. Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 688 Prussia, 1785,1799,1828..........646,654,659 18. Disposal of personal property.- -. - - 688 Are not liable to pay duties or charges on Succession to personal estates..... - 688 their prizesDues payable same only as by native Hayti, 1864. -.....................-. 418 citizens ----------- ------------—. 688 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828 —.......645, 653, 659 Property of absent heirs to be cared Commanders of, liable for injuries — for -- 688 France, 1778, 1800......... 208, 230 Questions among claimants, how de- Great Britain, 1794. —.. —. -... —- --- 278 cided - -688 Italy,1871. —------------ 443 Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis- Netherlands, 1782..................... 536 posal of....-.-..... 688 Sweden, 1783..-. —................ - 726 Taxes same as payable by natives --- 688 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827_ - -.7- 735, 741 19. Duration of treaty —................ 688 Of the United States may enter ports, 20. Ratifications....... —.- 689 rivers, and creeks, and provide Separate article- themselves with suppliesDifferential duties by Sardinia...-.... 689 Borneo, 1850 -80 Countervailing duties by United Are not to be examined on any pretenseStates ------ -— 689 Morocco, 1787, 1836...518, 523 Effect of separate article. 689 Are to be afforded facilities for intercourse Ratifications -6............ 89 in Chinese waters --------........ 131 Saxony, May anchor at Pikniam, but shallnot go Convention for abolition of above in the river without cbnsent dlroit d9aubaine and taxes of the Siamese authorities —......- 697 on emigration,, 17ay 14,, Are to render fiiendly aid to Japanese 18 -- -4 - —. —. —-. - -- - - -- 690, 691 vessels -----—. —..... — - -.- 450 1. Droit d'aubaine, &c., abolished....-. 690 To Siamese vessels.....-.... 696 2. Real estate, time allowed heirs to sell Are to receive provisions and refreshand withdraw proceeds of - -.... 690 ments gratisNo duties of detraction-.............. 690 Algiers, 1795 3 3. Personal property, right of disposal of. 690 Are to receive the salutes given to vessels Succession to personal estates. —..... 690 of the most favored nation, and reDuties payable same only as by native turn gun for guncitizens. - - -690 Algiers, 1815,1816.....- 7,12 4. Property of absent heirs to be cared Are to be entitled to a salute of twentyfor -...... —---------- -. —------ 691 one guns, and are to return the 5. Disputes as to inheritances, how de- same numbercided. —...-..... 691 Tripoli, 1805. -. 760 6. Applicability of stipulations......... 691 Tunis, 1824-......... 769 7. Ratifications.-.... -... 691 Of either party saluting a fort of the other Schaumbuirg-Lippe, are entitled to a salute of an equal Accession to convention with number of gunsPrussia and other states, Morocco, 1787, 1836. ——..__.....518,523 June?, 1. —-—...- 692 Of both parties shall observe toward each Declaration of accession to extradition other demonstrations of friendship convention of June 16, 1852, with and good intelligencePrussia and other states of the Ger- Ottoman Porte, 1830-.....5..584 manic Confederation. ---— 692 Are not to be sold to enemies of the Sclieldt Dues, United StatesStipulations for capitalization of- Algiers, 1795 2 Belgium, 1863 ------------ -- 56, 57 Of an enemy of one power entering the Treaty for extinguish menit of — neutral ports of the other with Belgium, 1863. - —... -....... 57-59 prizes, not to receive shelter-. Sea-Letters. (See Vessels.) France, 1778- 208 Seamen. (See Consuls; Vessels.) Great Britain, 1794 -............ 281 892 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Ships of War —Continued. Siam —Continued. Employed in suppressing the African 7. Import-duties, rate of, established.... 698 slave-trade, instructions for- Drawbacks, when allowed..-... 698 Great Britain, 1862, 1870...-.. 338, 352 Appraisement of imports............ 698 Arrangements respecting the force to be. - Opium-trade, regulation of ---------- 698 maintained on theAmerican lakes- Export-duties, how payable- -.'. -. 698 Great Britain, 1817 —..... —..- 296 Liberty of making purchases, &c.... 698 S7hipwrecks. (See Consuls; Reciprocal Commer- Privileges to American shipping.... 698 cial Agreements; Wrecks.) Americans may build ships in Siam -- 698 Siam, Exportation of salt, rice, and fish-... 698 Treaty of amity and comamerce, Notice of prohibition to be given —.- 698 MaI'rch 24, 1S 33-....... 593-695 Bullion and personal effects to be free Perpetual intercourse.... 693 of duty........................... 698 Date of treaty —- ---- --- -- 693 8. Trade-regulations, enforcement of. --- 698 Language of treaty.................... 693 Further regulations, how made.. 698 Translation_...............693 Fines and penalties, how payable.... 698 Methods of signature.................. —. 693 9. Privileges granted to other nations to Custody of originals....... 693 extend to United States-...... 698 Ratifications.......... —. 693 10. Revision of treaty —..-........... 698 1. Perpetual peace..-........693 11. Ratifications.....-............... 699 2. Freedom of commerce and navigation Regulations for conducting American trade inSiam ------- 693 in SiamLiberty of trade.................... 693 1. Arrivals of vessels to be reported.... 699 Passports to Amterican citizens leaving Guns and ammunition to be discharged 699 Siam ----- --..................... 694 2. Penalty for violations. -.......... 699 Prohibited commerce. ——.. —------- 694 3. Ship's papers to be deposited at con3. Duties payable by vessels of United sulate ---------—. —------—. — 699 States 694 Consul's report to custom-house...... 699 Measurement of vessels, how made... 694 Penalty for master's neglect...... 699 No duties on vessels touching at ports 694 4. Breaking bulk without permission, 4. Diminution of duties, when.. —. ——. 694 penalty for ----------—. -—.-..... 699 5. Assistance in case of shipwreck..-. 694 Penalty for smuggling - -.... 699 United States to pay expenses incurred 694 5. Clearance of vessels................699, 700 6. Debts contracted in Siam, how col- 6. English text of treaty, &c., adopted. - 700 lected -. —-..-. —-.. —--—. —----- 694 7. American citizens residing in Siam, Debtor not to be imprisoned, &c.- 694 regulation of residence, travel, &c. 700 7. Rent of king's factories -............ 694 Tariff of duties in SiamAccount of goods landed —.-..-..... 694 Schedule of export-duties -.700,701 8. Captures by pirates to be restored - - 695 Schedule of import-duties-.. —...... 701 9. Merchants to respect the laws of Siam 695 Unenumerated articles, duty on-... 701 10. Consuls of United States, when may M!odifieatfion, December 17-31, be appointed-.......-. 695 - 6 -.. —--—... —. —.. —-----— 702, 703 Certificate of Edmund Roberts..- —...... 695 Modification of trade regulations. —.... 702 Final ratification reserved to President American vessels arriving at Paknam of the United States.-. ——....... 695 to discharge ammunition..-... 703 Treaty of alnity and commerc'e, Guns may remain on board -..... 703 Mtlay 29, 1~56.........-.....695-701 Sicily. (See Two Sicilies.) 1. Peace and friendship.-.......,- ---- 696 Slaves, Government of Siam to protect Amer- Stipulations for restoration of, and indemlean citizens-........... 696 nity forShips of war of United States to pro- Great Britain, 1814 1818, 1822, 1826..287 288, tect Siamese vessels ----.......... 696 299, 303, 307, 308 American consuls to aid Siamese yes- Are not to be surrendered under treaty of sels --------—. —-. —----—.. —-- 696 extradition2. American consul at Bangkok- Mexico 1861 -508 Control of interests of American citi- Are not embraced in provision for the surzeus............................. 69 render of deserters from vesselsObservance of treaty-stipulations.... 696 Chili, 1833 -113 Disputes between Americans and Si- Debtors not to be madeamese subjects, how settled.. ——. 696 Siam, 1833............................- 694 Criminal offenses, how punished.. 696 Provisions concerning, in treaties withOffenders in Siam, surrender of... 696 Algiers, 1795,1815, 1816...............-3,8,12 3. Freedom of trade to Americans in Siam 696 Morocco, 1787, 1836-..................518, 5'23 Limits of residence — --------- -- 696 Tripoli, 1805... - 760 Rent of land.-........ 697 Tunis, 1797,1824-.....................764,768 Purchase or erection of houses....... 697 Slave Trade, Purchase of land, regulation of. ——. 697 Stipulation with Great Britain for supReversion to Siamese government, pression of, 1814-.......... 292 when -—.. —.. —-—. —-----—.... 697 Squadrons to be maintained for suppresReturn of purchase-money —...-.... 697 sion of4. Religious lilberty - - - - - - - - -.- 697 Great Britain, 1842-...... - 319 Employment of Siamese servants... 697 Remonstrances with other powers con5. Privileges to American ships of w-ar.. 697 cerning -.319 Siamese authorities to:aid American Treaties with Great Britain for suppression consul -........ 697 of, 1862, 1870-....-...334,350 6. Mea sur'ement-duties on American yes- Instructions for ships of war engaged in sels abolished......... 697 preventing-.-.3...........338, 352 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 893 Page. Page. Slave Tradc —Continued. Spain —Continued. Regulations for mixed courts of justice.- - 340 Their privileges and powers ----- 709 Mixed courts abolished —. —..-.......... 350 20. Access by residents to courts of Sound Dues, justice- 709,710 United States to be on most favored foot- 21. Claims of citizens of United States ing in respect to- for illegal capturesDenmark, 1826 ----------------------- 168 Reference to commissioners. 710 Treaty for abolishment of- Appointment of commissioners... -. 7t10 Denmark, 1857 -.......173, 175 Oath, sittings, and vacancies ------- 710 Spain, Time for receiving claims.7..... 710 Treaty of friendshlip, Iamits, and Procedure in examination of claims - 710 navigation, October 27, Award to be final.. -... -710 1 95 -. —......................704,711 Payment of award - -7 —--- --- 710 1. Peace and friendship -...-.... 704 22. Extension and favors to commerce.. 710 2. Southern boundary of United States Spanish permits at port of New Orleans 710 designated..-..704,705 23. Ratifications -7..... 711tl Withdrawal of troops, &c.-.... 705 Claims conventioni, Au ugust 11, 3. Boundary line to be run and marked. 705 1@ O2. --.. —-.. --. -........711,712 Commissioners and surveyors to be 1. Board of commissioners to be formed.. 711 appointed 705 Number and appointment of commisPlats and journals to be part of the sioners 711 treaty............................ 705 Vacancies, how filled...-.. 711 Guards, &c., to be furnished-........ 705 2. Oath of commissioners. —---------- 711 4. Western boundary established..-.... 705 3. Meeting of board.. -...... 711 Navigation of the Mississippi River. 705 Duration of commission...-. 711 5. Mutual conduct with Indians- What claims to be received'. —----- 711 Peace and harmony to be maintained 705 4. Examination of claims..-... - - 712 Indian hostilities to be restrained...- -. 705 5. Decisions to be final-.-.I.. 712 Incursions into either territory to be What agreement sufficient -..... 712 prevented........................ 705 Payment of awards.-..... 712 Limitation of Indian treaties ------- 705 6. Certain claims reserved ---- - 712 Mutual advantages of Indian trade.. 705 May be brought forward hereafter.. 712 6. Each party to protect the vessels and 7. Ratifications ---—. —-------—. ---- 712 effects of the other.-.............. 706 Treaty of amity, settlemelnt, and To recover them when taken within 11inaits, Febmruary 22, 1~19.712-718 its jurisdiction -......706 1. Peace and friendship -. —..... —.. 713 To restore them to rightful owners... 706 2. The Floridas ceded to the United 7. No embargo without indemnification 706 States - - - -713 Prosecutions for debt or crime...-. 706 Islands, property, &c., included in cesEmployment of advocates and agents. 706 sion- -- -. —..-........ 713 Presence at judicial proceedings.-.. 706 Custody of archives.. —---—...-.. -. 713 8. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge. - -.706 3. Boundary line west of the Mississippi. - 713 9. Captures by pirates ----------—. -- 706 Islands belonging to the United States. - 713 10. Assistance in case of shipwreck... 706 Free navigation of the Sabine, Red, 11. Disposal of personal property -... 707 and Arkansas Rivers-.. - - -.. - -. 713 Succession to personal estates -...707 Mutual renunciation of territorial Duties same as payable by natives. 707 claims- -........... 713 Property of absent heirs to be cared 4. Line to be run and marked....-.... 713 for-..-.-......... 707 Commissioner and surveyor to be apQuestions among claimants, how de- pointed. —---------- 713 cided —..-.................... 707 Meeting and duties- ------ 714 Real estate, time allowed heirs for Plans and journals.- -- 714 disposal of. ----------— 707 Result to be part of treaty...... 714 No duties of detraction.. - 707 Escorts, &c., to be furnished 714 12. Suspected vessels to exhibit pass- 5. Rights of inhabitants of ceded terriports, &c ---- ---- 707 tories.-...........714 13. Agreement in case of war between 6. Incorporation into the Union of the the parties- United States. —-. —-.. —-------- 714 Time allowed merchants to remove. 707 7. Withdrawal of Spanish troops. —-—. 714 Compensation for property taken. -.. 707 Transports and escort to be furnished. 714 Satisfaction for injuries..-.... 707 8. Grants of land prior to January 24, 14. Letters of marque not to be accepted 1818, confirmed -------—... —. — 714 from an enemy of either party. -.- 707 Owners to fulfill conditions...-... 714 Penalty for acceptance of such com- In default, grants to be void ----—.. 714 missions ---—.............. 707 Grants made since January.24, 1818, to 15. Neutral trade in time of war.......-707,708 be void. —------- -------- 714 Free ships make free goods-.... 708 9. Mutual renunciation of claims for Neutrality extended to persons.-. 708 damages or injuries- - - - - -- 714,715 16. Contraband articles... —..-. —----. 708 Renunciation by United States, to Articles not contraband-............ 708 what claims to extend ---—. —-.- 715 Ships of war taking supplies from By Spain, to what claims to extend - 715 trading vessels -..... -.708,709 By both parties, for transactions in the 17. Sea-letters or passports -............ 709 Floridas...-...-.....715 Form of, how prescribed.- -..... 709 Satisfaction by United States foi inCertificates of cargo 709 juries to Spanish officers, &c., in 18. Regulation of visits at sea-......... 709 Florida-.. 715 19. Consuls to be reciprocally established. 709 10. Claims convention of 1802 annulled.. 715 894 INgDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. Spain-Continued. Steam- Vessels-Continued. 11. United States to satisfy claims of its Of either party, engaged in regular naycitizens.......................... 715 igation, to be exempt from portAmount, limit to ------- 715 dues, &c.Appointment of commissioners.. ——. 715 Belgium, 1845,1858.......... 49, 53 Meeting and duration of commission. 715 Sweden, (see Sweden and _Norway,) Examination of claims..............715, 716 Treaty of amity s d conmmercee Documents, &c., to be furnished..-. 716 April 3, -...........722-731 Payment of awards. - - 716 1. Peace and friendship -...-...... 722 Records of commission-.-.... 716 2. Favors granted to other nations to be12. Treaty of 1795 confirmed -...-7. 716 come common.- -722, 723 Exceptions. -.. ——...-.. 716 3. Privileges of Swedish subjects in the Applicability of stipulation as to neu- United States-. 723 tral flag covering enemy's property 716 4. Privileges of citizens of the United 13. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 716 States in Sweden....... -723 14. French indemnities for injuries com- 5. Religious liberty --—..7...-.......... 723 mitted within the jurisdiction of Rights of burial. -....... 723 Spain- 6. Disposal of property -..........-.... 723 No compensation received by United Succession to estates -..... 723 States. 717 Naturalization not required. —. 723 Statement of prizes taken to be fur- No duties of detraction,.- -.. 723 nished...................... 717 Laws to prevent emigration not dero15. Privilege to Spanish vessels in Flor- gated from. -- 723 ida ports -....... ——......... --- 717 7. Neutral trade in time of war-.-. 724 Duration of special privilege. —...... 717 Free ships make free goods. —---.. 724 16. Ratifications-............ 717 Neutrality extended to persons. —-.. 724 Ratification by King of Spain — -. —. —-717,718 8. Contraband not included in neutral Certain land-grants annulled-.... 718 trade ------ ---- 724 Claimns convention, February 9. Contraband articles.-.. —------------ 724 189 13g... -.......7 __18-720 10. Articles not contraband.... —.724,725 1. Sum to be paid to the United States. 719 11. Sea letters or passports...... 725 Inscriptions to be issued........ 719 Certificates of cargo.-.-... 725 Terms of inscriptions-..- 716 12. Ship's papers to be exhibited -..... 725 Distribution among claimants-.. 719 13. Confiscation of contraband goods..725,726 2. Interest, when payable —.............. 719 14. Neutral property in enemy's vessel -- 726 3. Mutual cancellation of claims-.. - 719 15. Commanders of armed vessels to do 4. List of claims to be delivered to Span- no injury 726 ish mninister-...- 719 Compensation for damages..-... - 726 Documentary evidenceto be furnished, 16. Privateers to give bond..-. 726 when ---. —.... ——.. —-—. ——. 719 17. Recaptured vessels to be restored.-.. 726 5. Ratifications...- —.... 719 No embargo without indemnification, 726, 727 Model of the inscription —-.- -... —--- 720 Property not to be taken without conAgreenment for settlemnent of sent — 727 claims for wrongs donte in Arrests for debt or crime. —-......... 727 CatIa, Febrnary 12, 129 ~1.720,721 18. Regulations in case of war with a corn1. Claims of citizens of United States to mon enemybe submitted to arbitration.. —.... 720 Vessels retaken by privateers, when Appointment of arbitrators —7...... - 720 to be restored to owner-....-_.... 727 Selection of umpire -.........- 720 Retaken by ships of war, when to be 2. Meeting of arbitrators and umpire.. - 720 restored -- 7.... 727 Declaration to be subscribed-.720, 721 Restoration of prizes, how made.-..- 727 3. Counsel for each government........ 721 Admission of prizes into ports. — 727 4. Rules of procedure, adoption of -—. 721 Prize regulations, how may be made. 727 Differences as to rules, how decided.. 721 19. Ships of war and their prizes in Presentation of claims and testimony. 721 ports -..-...-..... 727 Form of awards ----------—. —---—. 721 20. Assistance in case of shipwreck. — 727,728 5. Jurisdiction of arbitrators.-.- -. 721 Salvage............- - 728 6. Expenses of arbitration.......... 721 21. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge_._-. 728 7. Awards to be conclusive............. 7- 21 22. Agreement in case of war between Stikine River, the partiesFree navigation of- Time allowed merchants, &c., to reGreat Britain,1871................ 364 move............................ 728 Succession. (See Anbaine, Droit d'; Ditraction, Their persons or effects not to be Droit de; Personal Property; Real seized...........................-. 728 Estate.) Safe-conduct to be given them —. 728 Suiits at Law. (See Conzsuls; Reciprocal Priv- Satisfaction for injuries...- -. 728 ileges of Citizens, -c.) r23. Letters of marque not to be accepted Spartel, Cape. (See Morocco.) from an enemy of either party. - 728 Steavm-Vessels, (see Passenger-Packets; Post- Penalty for accepting such commisOffice Packets; Reciprocal Commner- sions. —-............................ ---- 728 cial Agreements; Shipsof War; Ves- 24. Vessels touching at ports........-...-. 728 ses,0) 25. Regulation of visits at sea- - 7.... 29 Of United States, carrying mails, to have 26. Consular officers to be received-. 729 free access to ports without pay- Their functions, how to be regulated.. 729 ment of dues — 27. Ratifications -. -. -. 729 Hawaiian Islands, 1849-....-.... 407 Separate article — Privileges of, in Peruvian ports.... —-. 615 Duration of treaty..., -........ 729 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 895 Page. Page. Swcden-Coutinued. Sweden and Norway-Continued. Separate Articles- Inviolability of archives -------—. — 740 1. King of Sweden to protect vessels of Settlement of disputes between masthe United States- 7...... 729 ters and crews -...... 740 2. United States to protect vessels of Reclamation of desertersfrom vessels 740 Sweden - -, ----- -730 Assistance in case of shipwreck-.. 740 3. Convoys to merchant ships -------- 730 Salvage companies, supervision over. 740 4. Management of business, &c.-7-. 730 16. Quarantine regulations- - -.-.......740,741 Loading and unloading vessels.__. 730 17. Treaty of 1783 with Sweden revived 5. Right of search restricted....- 730,731 inpart -7.-..-............. — 741 Sweden and N~orway, Treaties with othernations not affected 741 Treaty of Aaity and Commerce, 18. Blockaded ports, regulations at.-.... 741 Sept. t, 1~16...-...-..-......731-736 19. Duration of treaty.-............... 741 1. Freedom of commerce and naviga- 20. Ratifications -..... —..-..-......... 742 tion.. -... 731 Separate articleRights of residence and business -. 731 Restriction upon applicability of ArtiPrivileges of merchants and traders.. 731 cles VIII, IX, and X.............. 742 2. Duties on products of either country. 732 Effect of additional article. -..... 742 Prohibition to be general. —-—. —— 7. 732 Ratifications —.......742 Equality of duties on vessels-... 732 Extn-aditiona Convention, 1Iarcl-l Stipulations applicable to colony of 219 160 -—.....-..-..... 74 —744 St. Bartholomew. —-—.-........ 732 1. Fugitives from justice to be delivered 3. (Unratified article)................ 732 p............................... 7 —43 4. (Unratified article) -.....733 Requisitions, how made...-...... 743 5. Consular officers to be received-.. 733 Evidence of criminality required.... 743 To enjoy protection and assistance.. 733 2. Crimes bfor which surrender may be May be punished for violations of law. 733 made -..- -- 743 When may be dismissed or sent away- 733 3. Expenses of detention and delivery.. 743 Consular archives to be inviolate.... 733 4. Neither party to deliver up its own Settlement of disputes between mas- citizens.-.-..................... 743 ters and crews........... 733 5. No surrender for political offenses... 744 6. (Unratified article)............... 733 6. When extradition may be deferred... 744 7. Vessels touching at ports.-........ 734 7. Duration of convention ------—...- 744 Regulations to be observed —.-.... 734 Ratifications............. 44 8. Vessels landing parts of cargoes..... 734 Nat lza i ove o, y May proceed from port to port. 734 -- 744-746a What duties payable ---------------- 4.... 734 —-------— 44-746 rWhat duties oepayablep —. —-----------.735 1. Who to be deemed naturalized citi9. Privileges of entrepot...... 735 10. Assistance in case of shipwreck... eu. 735zens —--------- -44 745 ~Sa~~~l~vage.7 ~35 ~ Declaration of intention, effect of.... 745 Salvage ---------------------------- 735 Supervision overrekig companies2. Liability for offenses committed beSupervision over wrecking companies. 735 fore emigration................... 745 11. Quarantine regulations.............. 735 17 112. Qua~re~antine t regulatons. 3. Restoration to original citizenship... 745 12. Treaty of 1783 with Sweden revived 12.nTrearty 1783 with- Sw4. Extradition convention unchanged. 745 in....... -/................. 5. Duration of convention........... 745 13. Blockaded ports, regulations at.....735, 736 6. Ratititions.oc n......... 745 6. Ratifications........................ 7 45 14. Ratifications......... 736 ProtocolProtocolTreaty of Commerce and Navi- Explanation of Articles I, II, and III. 746 gation, July 49 1~27.......736-742 1. Freedom of commerce and navigation. 737 Swiss Confedoeraliof, Rights of residence and business.. 737 Chonventi.on nlor dao Tion of droit Protection in mercantile transactions. 737 dgralbaione and tax7es 7onb 2. Equality of vessels as to port-charges, eDispoatofn, lray 1., 1.4..747,748 &c.............................. 737 1. Disposal of personal property..... 747 &c, —--------------—' —---- ---— 73 Inheritance of personal estate ----—, 747 3. Importations in vessels of either na- Inheritance of personal state.747 tion 737 Charges same as payable by native Equality of duties and charges........ 737 citizens.-... 747 4. Exportations in vessels of either na- Property of absent heirs to be cared tion........737,738 for —.................... - 47 Equality of duties and charges....737,738 Disputes among claimants, how de5. Stipulations applicable to colony of cided.-........-.-........... 747 St. Bartholomew.-,.,........... 738 2. Real estate, time allowed heirs fobr 6. Coasting-trade reserved —..... 738 disposal of 747 7. No preference in importations....... 738 Charges same as payable by natives_.. 747 8. Tonnage-duties -. —.-............ 738 3. Duration of convention..... 748 9. No discriminating duties or prohibi- Ratifications............... 748 tions on the products of either Convention of friendship, corncountry 738 ineroe, and extradition, 10. Transit privileges, bounties, and draw- INovemrber 25, 1S50........748-75 backs............................ 739 1. Reciprocal equality of citizens.. 748 11. Vessels touching at ports............ 739 Rights of travel and residence.... 748 What regulations to be observed... - 739 Acquirement and alienation of prop12. Vessels unloading parts of cargoes. 739 erty.......... 748 May proceed from port to port... -..- 739 Management of business, &c...748, 749 What duties payable............ 789 Liberty of trade................. 749 13. Consular officers, appointment of.... 739 Access to judicial tribunals.......... 749 Protection and assistance to........ 739 Conditions to be the same as imposed Liability for improper conduct...... 739 upon natives.. 749 896 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. ~Page. Sw8iss Confcderalion-QContinued. Tobacco-Continued,. Privileges not to extend to political Augmentation of duty onrights.......... 749 Hanover, 1846........................ 395 2. Exemption from military service, &c. 749 Mecklcnburg-Schwerin, 1847. —...... 471 Imposts same as levied upon natives. 749 Citizens of United States not to importProperty taken for public purposes. 749 Ottoman Empire, 1862 589 3. Citizens returning to original country. 749 Regulation of trade in4. Passports, regulation of. —-------- 749 Ottoman Empire, 1862 -—....-.. —. —-- 589 5. Disposal of personal property........ 749 Ton, Succession to personal estates- 749 Definition ofCharges same as payable by native France, 1822........... 243 citizens,,-,,',,, 749, 750 Tonnage-Dues, (see Reciprocal Commercial'Property of absent heirs to be cared Agreements,) for -- 7............... 750 When to ceaseStipulations applicable to real estate, Belgium, 1863 —----— I.... 56, 58 when - -750 In China, rates fixed. -- —............. 133 Disposal of real estate and withdrawal When to be paid --------- - 134 of proceeds-.......-.. 750 Special provisions concerningCharges same as payable by natives.. 750 France, 1778.......................... 205 6. Controversies astoinheritances, decis- Amount of, limitedions of_- - -... —........ 750 France, 1822.44............. 14 7. Consuls and vice-consuls ---—. —---. 750 Trade. (See Enemy.) Their privileges and powers...... - 750 Trade-Marks, Commissions and exequaturs -... 750 Conventions for the protection ofLiability when engaged in business.. 750 Austria, 1871.... -...... 25 Liability for offenses against the laws 750 Belgium, 1868 —---- ------- 66 Withdrawal of exequatur- 750 France, 1869.- -.. -. -. 253 Inviolability of archives -.... —---—. 750 German Empire, 1871. 259 8. Imnportation, exportation, and transit Russia, 1868.......................... 674 of products of either country. —... 750 Transit, (see Reciprocal Commercial Agreements; 9. IEquality of duties. —.. - -.......... 750 Intceroceanic Communication,) 10. Favors granted to other nations to be- When goods passing through Belgium are come common.................... 751 exempt from transit-duties........ 51, 55 11. Differential duties................ 751 Transit-duty on tobacco abolished12. Freedom of commerce. —...- 751 Hanover, 1846......................... 393 Swiss merchandise under flag of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.... 469 United States...-.-..... 751 Limitation of transit-duty in the Ottoman Shipwr6ck and salvage on coasts of Empire.......................... 189 the United States-. 751 Transit from Genoa through the SardinAdvantages to Swiss products- 751 ian territories ---..-............. 687 13. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Betweenu Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, proup -—.. —---—.- -............ 751 visions concerning, in treaties Requisitions, how made..- -... 751 withEvidence of criminality requirecd... 751 Great Britain, 1850.................. 322 14. Crimes for which surrender may be Honduras, 1864......................430,431 made —. —. —---—. —.. —-..... 751 Mexico, 1853 -............506 15. Surrender, how made-...............' 752 New Granada, 1846 -—.- - -. —— 558,559 16. Expenses of detention and delivery.. 752 Nicaragua, 1867. 570 17. Past and political offenses not includ- Transports, ed -..-.. —------- ---------------- 752 American merchant-vessels not to be im18. Duration of convention. -.......... 752 pressed19. Ratifications. —. —.... -752 Ottoman Empire, 1830 —--...... 584 Travel. (See Reci rocal Privileges of Citizens, T. 4'c.) Tribute, Taxes. (See Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens.) Abolished by treaties withTermination of Treaties. (See Duration of Algiers, 1815,1816..................... 5,10 Treaties.) Tripoli, 1796.......................... 756 Texas, Tripoli, Claims cocnvention, lApril 11, Treaty of peace alnd frie nd1sasR -------—...... - 753 shlip, November 4, 1796, Settlement of claims arising from seizure January I3, 1791 ---—,-....755-757 of brigs Pocket and Durango...... 753 1. Peace and friendship..-. 755 1. Texas to indemnify the United States. 753 Guaranty of )Dey of Algiers- 755 2. Payment of the indemnity..._..-.. 753 2. Enemy's goods on a vessel of either 3. Ratifications. —-------- ---------- 753 party to be free.. 755 C(onven;ona relative to bound- 3. Subjects or citizens found on prizeary, April 25, 13S. ~ —. 754 vessels to be liberated ----------- 755 1. Commissioners and surveyors to run Their effects to be restored.......... 755 the boundary-line —... —..... 754 4. Passports to vessels.-....... 755 2. Each party to exercise jurisdiction 5. Passports for prize vessels........... 755 until the line is marked.......... 754 6. Vessels needing supplies or repairs-.. 755 3. Ratifications..-...-...... 754 7. Wrecked vessels, assistance in cases:Tobacco, of-............................. 756 Transit-duty on, abolished — No pillage allowed-7 56 Hanover, 1846- - - - 393 Property to remain at disposal of ownMecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847-.... 4. 9 er. -9 es. - 756 INIDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 897 Page. Page. Tripoli-Continued. Tripoii-Continued. Crew to be succored --------------- 756 No hostilities, for what period -...760 8. Vessels attacked within gunshot of In case of war, liberty'of consuls and forts to be protected. ----—.-. 756 residents to embark...-.760 Enemies not to follow for twenty-four 16. Prisoners of war to be exchanged.. 760 hours. —-----—.......... 756 Deficiencies, how made up.,..... 760 9. Commerce, consuls, &c., to be on most Time and method of exchange -.... 760 favored footing................... 756 Prizes captured from Americans not 10. Acknowledgment of price of peace.. 756 to be sold in ports of the regency.. 761 No further tribute.-................ 756 No duties on American prizes........ 761 11. Religious liberty --------------- - 756 18. Disputes between citizens of United Pretexts of religious opinions not to States, how settled -.. —-.....- 761 interrupt harmony.... 756 B3etween citizens of United States and 12. Violation of treaty stipulations- subjects of other nations-... 761 Settlements by consuls, when-....... 756 19. Criminal offenses, how punished. 761 No appeal to arms...-.... 7,6 Consul to assist at trials. ----- 761 War not to be declared on any pre- 20. Estates of citizens of United States text.. —-------- -. 756 dying in Tripoli. 751 Arbitrament by Dey of Algiers-... 756 Certificate of Tobias Lear- - ---- 761 Signatures of the regency...............- 757 Final ratification reserved to President of Certificate of negotiation.........-.... 757 the United States-....., 761 Conlirmation of treaty......-7.... - 5 757 Ratification by the regency..-......... - 762 Final ratification reserved to President of Tunis. United States.................... 757 Treaty of peace and friendship, Treaty of peace nnd amity, August, 1'797, Mlarclh 2'6, June 4, 1S05-..-.758-762 179- 9..-763-768 1. Peace and friendship...-. 758 1. Peace and friendship..-. 763 Favors granted to other nations to be- 2. Subjects or citizens found on prizecome common.7.. 58 vessels to be liberated 763 2. Prisoners to be mutually delivered up. 758 Their effects to be restored.......... 663 Payment by United States for differ- 3. Enemies' goods on a vessel of the parences in exchange................ 758 ties to be free.............-..763 3. Withdrawal of American forces...... 758 4. Passports to vessels........ 764 No supplies to be given to hostile sub- 5. Vessels under convoy not to be mojects -.7 —.-...-........ —------- 758 lested ——........ 764 Good offices of Americans, how to be 6. Regulation of visits at sea-....... 764 exercised -—. —-75 —-------------- 758 Exactions prohibited ------—... ——. 764 4. Enemies' goods on a vessel of either Slaves and prisoners to be restored... 764 party to be free...... 758 Ransom for slaves carried away ----- 764 5. Subjects or citizens found on prize-yes- 7. Passports for prize-vessels........... 764 sels to be liberated... -........... 758 8. Wh&ssels necding supplies or repairs.. 764 Their effects to be restored ------—. 758 9. Wrecked vessels, assistance in case of. 764 6. Passports to vessels......-.... 758 Salvage.-........ 764 Visits to American merchant vessels 10. Vessels attacked within gun-shot of by Tripoline ships of war-.... 758 forts to be protected.............. 765 Punishment for injuries. —.......... 758 Enemies not to follow for forty-eight Examination of Tripoline cruisers by hours............................ 765 American ships of war.-,,.. 758 11. Salutes to vessels of war..... 765 To what vessels passports shall be 12. Privileges of merchants..........-. 765 given 758 Tunisians freighting American ships- 765 7. Passports for prize-vessels -... 759 Vessels not to be detained. ——;..- 765 8. Vessels needing supplies or repairs- - 759 Protection to subjects or citizens-.. 765 9. Wrecked vessels, assistance in case of. 759 Government of Tunis freightingAmerNo pillage allowed.........-........ 759 icau vessels.-........ 765 Property to remain at disposal of 13. Enemies of Tunis found among Amerowners 759 ican crews....................... 765 Crew to be succored -7..... 759 14. Duties on products of either country -765, 766 10. Vessels attacked within gunshot of Duties on American merchandise unforts to be protected... - 759 der foreign flag......... 766 Enemies not to follow for twenty-four Duties on bforeign merchandise under hours.-.. —------—.. ----- 759 American flag.. —.. 766 11. Commerce, consuls, &c., to be on most 15. Freedom of commerce-............... 766 favored footing. —-. —----—. ----- 759, 760 Prohibited articles.766... - 766 12. Consul of United States not liable for Contraband trade -............. — 766 debts of citizens.................. 760 Smuggling......................... 766 13. Salutes to vessels of war -----—...-. 760 16. Anchorage duties in Tunisian ports... 766 14. Religious liberty -..... 760 17. Consuls, establishment of.-. 766 Pretexts of religious opinions not to When to be replaced.. —. —--—.-. — 766 interrupt harmony -.-.-......... 760 To receive protection-...... 766 Right of consuls to travel. —------—. 760 Payment of duties by -..... 766 To visit vessels..................... 760 18. Consuls not liable for debts of citiTo appoint dragomen and brokers.. 760 zens -............... 766 15. Violation of treaty stipulations, set- 19. Intestate estates -..-.,...... 766 tlement by consul, when -...-..... 760'20. Settlement of disputes by consuls.... 767 No appeal to arms.-......... 760 21. Criminal offenses, jurisdiction of..... 767 War not to be declared on any pretext- 760 Consuls to be present at trials-...... 767 Statement of grievances to be made.- 760 22. Civil cases, trials of..-,........ 767 11 S IV- 57 898. INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. nPage. p~ ~e. iTunis-Continued. zTwo Sicilies — Continued. 23. Infractions of treaty - No arbitrary searches or inspection.. 774 Friendly application for satisfaction 767 Protection to persons and property. -- 774 No resort to arms till application re- 7. Management of business ---- - 774 jected- 7..... ~ 767 Employment of agents-.-... 774 In case of war, time allowed residents to Liberty of trade.................. 774 remove -............................... 767 8. Consular officers, appointment of.. 775 Certificate of negotiation.............767,768 Privileges and powers.............. 775 Final ratification reserved to President When in business to be subject to of United States....768 laws-. ------------------------- 775 Convention to alter articles of Reclamation of deserters from vessels 775 the treaty of 1797-1799, 9, Shipwrecks, proceedings in case of. 775 February 24, I824....... 768-770 Salvage and quarantine-. 775 Amendment of Article VI- 10. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge.....775, 776 Regulation of visits at sea 768 11. Differential duties abolished......... 776 Slaves escaping to American ships of Duties on wines and cottons......... 776 war to be free..7....... 68 12. Duration of treaty 776 Amendment of Article XI- 13. Ratifications.776 Salutes to ships of war................ 769 Convention relative to rights Amendment of Article XII — of neutrals at sea, JanCommerce to be on the most favored mary 11, 1S5..............777,778 footing........................... 769 1. Principles recognizedRule as to freights...................769 Free ships make free goods....... 777 Vessels not to be detained, when..... - 769 Neutral property on enemy's vessel Ports not to be closed to ships of war.. 769 not subject to confiscation 777 Protection to citizens by local officers.769, 770 Applicability of principles.. 777 By the chief authority, when 770 2. Ulterior understanding reserved.... 777 Preference to Tunisian government in 3. Accession to principles by other freights....-....... 770 nations.............777-778 Amendment of Article XIV- 4. Ratifications........................ 778 Freedom of trade......770 Convention of amity, commerce, UTsual duties only to be paid --- - 770 andl niavigation, October Final ratification reserved to President II, 1855. —-.-..............778-786 of United States. —.. —..... —-—. 770 1. Peace and friendship................. 779 fTwo Sicilies, (see Italy,) Agreement in case of warConvention for termnination of Time alllowed merchants, &c., to rereclamations, October l, move............................ 779 1i 832. —----—. —......-.771,772 Their effects not to be seized.... 779 Indemnity for depredations upon i Debts, &c., not to be confiscated -... 779 American commerce.............. 771 Sale and conveyance of real estate.. 779 1. Sum to be paid to the United States. 771 Withdrawal of proceeds-.... 779 Application and distribution.-.-.. 771 Dues same as payable by natives... 779 2. Method of payment.-.............-. 772 Safe-conduct to be furnished..-.. 779 Interest........................... 772 2. Blockaded ports, regulations at.....-. 779 3. Ratifications........................ 772 3. Contraband articles.-... —.........779,780 Treaty of commerce and Not to be confiscated................ 780 navigation, December 1, 4. Right of travel and residence -- - 780 1 846..........................772-776 5. Exemption from military service, &c. 780 1. Freedom of commerce and naviga- No arbitrary searches.............-.. 780 tion....... -..773 Protection to persons and property..- 780 Duties on products of either country. 773 6. Management of business............. 780 Favors granted to other nations to Employment of agents 780 become common.................. 773 Liberty of trade.................... 780 2. Importations and exportations in yes- Patents upon inventions ----— 781 sels of either nation.............. 773 Premiums for ship-building 781 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks.. 773 7. Succession to real or personal property 781 3. Tonnage duties, &c................. 773 Disposal of estates.................. 781 4. Coasting-trade reserved............. 773 Dues same as payable by natives.. 781 Vessels may proceed from port to Property of absent heirs to be cared port............................. 773 for............. 781 5. No preferences in importations.-..... 773 Consular officers to assist in proceed6. Privileges of residents in either ings of administration 781 country- Delivery of hereditary effects.. 781 Travel, residence, and business...... 774 Questions among claimants, how deDisposal of personal property....... 774 cided............................ 781 Succession to personal estates-....-. 774 Access by residents to judicial tribuDues same as payable by native citi- nals.......... 781 zeus.............................. 774 Employment of attorneys, &c........ 781 Property of absent heirs to be cared 8. Freedom of commerce and navigation 781 ~for......... — 774 Tonnage duties, &e. 781 Questions among claimants, how de- 9. Nationality of vessels...- —.... 781 cided.......................... 774 10. Importations and exportations in the Taxes and imposts on most favored vessels of either nation-.:.... 782 footing -774 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks-.... 782 Exemption from military service, &c. 774 11,:No preferences in importations.782 Dwellings and warehouses to be re-:' 12..No distinction as to direct or indirect spected- -.. 774 " navigation-7.. 782 INDEX TO PUBLC TREATIE S. 899 Page. Page. Two Sicilies-Continned. Venezuela-Continued. 13. Coasting-trade and fisheries reserved.. 782 Neutrality extended to persons...... 791 14. Duties on products of either country..- 782 Applicability of stipulations......... 791 Prohibitions to be general --—. ——... 783 16. Neutral property on enemy's vessel -. 791 15. Favors granted to other nations to 17. Contraband articles................. 791 become common --- ------ 783 18. Goods not contraband... -.......... 791 18. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge —.. 783 19. Confiscation of contraband articles..791,792 17. Shipwrecks, proceedings in case of... 7S3 20. Blockaded ports, regulations at..... 792 Salvage and quarantine.... 783 21. Regulation of visits at sea........... 792 18. Consular officers, appointment of —.- 783 22. Sea-letters or passports....... 792 Their privileges and powers --- - 783 Certificates of cargo................ 792 When engaged in business to be sub- 23. Vessels under convoy. 793 ject to laws...................... 784 24. Prize causes, adjudication of.... 793 Liability of consul when a citizen.... 784 25. Letters of marque................... 793 Consular archives to be inviolate.... 784 26. Agreement in case of war between the 19. Settlement of disputes between mas- parties~ters and crews.-_..__...._ 784 Time allowed merchants to remove... 793 20. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 784 Safe-conduct to be furnished them... 793 21. Fugitives from justice to be delivered Other citizens may remain..... 793 up ------- ---—. —----- 784 27. Debts, &c., not to be confiscated.. 793 Requisitions, how made......... 784 28. Envoys, ministers, &c............793,794 Evidence of criminality required.. -.784,785 29. Consuls and vice-consuls..... 794 22, Crimes for which surrender may be 30. Commissions and exequaturs..-... 794.made............................. 785 31. Immunities of consular officers....... 794 23. Surrender, how made................ 785 Inviolability of archives........ 94 24. Neither party to surrender its own 32. Reclamation of deserters from vessels 794 citizens.......... 785 33. A consular convention to be formed.. 795 No surrender for past or political of-. 34. Duration of treaty.......... 795 fenses............................ 785 Infringement of treaty... 795 25,. Duration of convention........... 785 Reprisals and declarations of war... 795 26. Ratifications... 75 Treaties with other nations not affected 785 Declaration annexed- Ratifications -—..................... 795 Duties on wines and cottons, construe- Claims Convention, January 14, tion of stipulations concerning.. 786 1S59.796,797 Effect of declaration.................. 786 Settlement of Aves Island claims 796 1. Sum to be paid to the United States.. 796 U. Distribution of sum. 796 Uruguay River, 2. Terms of payment.................. 796 Free navigation of- Interest............................ 797 Argentine. Confederation, 1853........ 15 3. No further claims to be made.. 797 4. Ratifications... 797 V. Ratification by National Convention of Venezuela, Venezuela.......... 797 Treaty of peace, friendship, na- Treaty of amity, commerce, tiavigation, and conmmerce, vigation, and extradition, January 20, 1S36.........787-795 August 27, 1860.........797-806 1. Peace and friendship............ 787 1. Peace and friendship..-.............. 798 2. Favors granted to other nations to be- Agreement in case of war between come common.. 787. the parties3. Freedomof commerce and navigation 787 Time allowed merchants, &c., to rePrivileges of residence and trade...- 787,788 move............................798 Coastinug-trade reserved. —-----—...- 788 Their effects not to be seized 798 4. Importations and exportations in yes- Their persons not to be molested 798 sels of either nation.... 788 Safe-conduct to be given them-... 798 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks —. 788 Debts, &c., not to be confiscated-.... 798 5. Nationality of Venezuelan vessels 788 2. Exemption from military service, &c. 798 6. Duties on products of either country. 788 3. Rights of residence and business.... 798 Prohibitions to be general........... 788 Liberty of travel and trade. --------- 798 7. Management of business, &c. ----.788,789 Management of business............. 798 8. No embargo without indemnification. 789 Employment of agents.............. 798 9. Asylum to vessels seeking refuge-.... 789 Access to judicial tribunals...... 798 10. Captures by pirates................. 789 Employment of attorneys, &c.7. —-.. 798 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck....... 789 4. Religious liberty.............. 799 12. Disposal of personal property....... 789 Rights of burial799 Succession to personal estate, &c.. 789 5. Disposal of personal property... 799 D)uties same as payable by natives. 789 Succession to personal estates....... 799 Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis- Duties same as payable by natives... 799 posal of......................789 Property of absent heirs to be cared for. 799 Withdrawal of proceeds........... 790 Real estate, time allowed heirs for dis13. Protection to persons and property.. 790. posal of..........799 Access to judicial tribunals.......... 790 No other duties than imposed upon Employment of attorneys, &c....... 790 natives....................... 799 Presence at trials..790 6. Importations and exportations in yes14. Religious liberty........ 790 sels of either nation.,,~.... 799 Rights of burial....... 790 Duties, bounties, and drawbacks...... 799 15. Neutral trade in time of war.. 790 Equality of charges upon vessels..:-,.;800 Free ships make free goods'..... 790 7. Coasting-trade reserved - s..:'. 800 .9-~00 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page Venezuela-Continued. Venezuela-Continued. Vessels may proceed from port to port 800 Claims not presented to be barred.. 808 8. Nationality of Venezuelan vessels.... 800 Cases pending before-umpire........ 808 9... Duties on products of either country 800 Final decision of umpire............ 808 Prohibitions to be general........... 800 6. Expenses of commission............. 808 10. Discriminating duties-. 800 7. Ratifications 808 11. Assistance in case of shipwreck....800, 801 Vessels, (see Asylum; Cap2tures; Consuls; ConSalvage and repairs............... 801 lraband of War; Dardanelles; Neu12. Neutral trade in time of war... 801 tral Vessels; Reciprocal Commercial Blockaded ports, regulations at - - 801 Agreements; Reprisals; Ships of War; 13. Contraband articles................. 801 Steam-Vessels; War,) Confiscation of contraband articles-. 801 Nationality of, how to be establisheld14. Free ships make free goods.......... 801 Argentine Confederation, 1853......-. 18 Neutrality extended to persons -- 802 Belgium, 1845, 1858................... 50,54 15. Examination of vessels bound to an Bolivia, 1858 70 enemy's port........ 802 Brazil, 1828 -. 82 16. Sea-letters or passports.............. 802 Dominican Republic, 1867...... -180 Certificates of cargo................ 802 Ecuador, 1839-...-.... 188 17. Regulation of visits at sea..........802 IHanover, 1840,1846..-388, 392 18. Vessels under convoy................ 803 Hanseatic Republic, 1827............. 401 19. Proceedings in case of detention 803 Italy, 1871. -..... 443 20. Care of captured property........... 803 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 468 Treatment of passengers and crews.. 803 Netherlands, 1839- -.!. 543 21. Prize causes, adjudication of......... 803 Now Granada, 1846................... 559 22. Armed vessels to do no injury - 803 Oldenburg, 1847...................... 578 Liability for damages 804 Ottoman Porte, 1862 588 Commanders of privateers to give Paraguay, 1859.. - 595 bonds............................ 804 Peru, 1851.-... 615 23. Admission of prizes into ports....... 804 Two Sicilies, 1855..................... 781 24. Enemy's privateers not to be fitted Venezuela, 1836, 1860..-......788,800 out, &.......................... 804 Are to be furnished with passports25. Letters of marque not to be accepted 804 Algiers, 1815, 1816-... 6,.10 Penalty for accepting commissions Morocco, 1787, 1836....517,522 from. an. enemy................... 804 Tripoli, 1796, 1805.....755,.759 26. Consular officers, appointment of.... 805 Must be furnished with sea-letters or passTheir privileges and powers.... 805 ports in time of war, and also with When engaged in business to be sub- certificates of cargo, if ladenject to laws........... 805 Bolivia, 1858......................... 74 When citizens, liability of........... 805 Brazil, 1828 86 Inviolability of archives............ 805 Chili, 1832.......... 109 Settlement of disputes between mas- Colombia, 1824....- 154 ters andcrews -......... 805 Dominican Republic, 1867..182, 183 Reclamation of deserters from vessels. 805 Ecuador, 1839. 192 27. Fugitives from justice to be delivered France, 1778,1800...- 10, 229 up-..................... 805 Guatemala, 1849..-..... 383 Requisitions, how made............. 805 Hayti, 1864................. 417 Evidence of criminality required. 805 Mexico, 1831.- 482 28. Crimes for which surrender may be Netherlands, 1782.539 made............................ 806 New Granada, 1846.-.. 555 29. Surrender, how made............... 806 Oldenburg, 1847..-.. 578 30. Past or political offenses not included 806 Peru, 1851-..-.619 31. Duration of treaty.................. 806 Peru-Bolivia, 1836................... 607 32. Ratifications......................... 806 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828..........644, 652,659 Convention for settlement of San Salvador, 1850.................. 680 American claims, April Spain, 1795............. 709 245, 1S866 --------— 806-808 Sweden, 1783-... 725 1. Claims to be referred to a mixed com- Sweden andi Norway, 1816, 1827- 3. 5... 741 mission ------- - 807 Tunis, 1797...... 764 Commissioners, how appointed 807 Venezuela, 1836, 1860.......92, 802 Vacancies,. how filled................ 807 M ust also be furnished with charter-party Meeting of commissioners. —--- 807 and list of ship's companyOath of commissioners.............. 807 Prussia, 1799, 18286 5.....2, 6.659 Selection of umpire... 807 Passports good for any number of voyages, 2. Examination of claims.............. 807 but must be renewed every year if Procedure......................... 807 the vessel returns home within the Papers and documents............. 807 yearAward of indemnity................ 807 France, 1778, 1800 -1229 Certificates of award............... 807 Dominican Republic, 1867............182,183 Decision of commissioners, rule for... 807 Spain, 1795........................ 709 3. Issue of certificates... 808 Venezuela 1836,1860.............a 92 802 Payment of award.................. 808 Passports shall be renewed every yearInterest............................ 808 Itayti, 1864.... 417 4. Termination of commission. 808 They shall be renewed every time the yesRecord of proceedings -.-.. 808..sel returns home in the eours e f a Appointment of secretary. 808 yea~r~5. Decisions to be final - -.... 808 Sweden, 1783....-725 Time for presentation of claims... 808 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827.0;. —.735,741 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. 901 Page. Page. Vessels —Confitnued. Vessels —Continued. The death or removal of the master does As to custom-officers.......1344,145 not affect them — On arriving in Japanese ports. -. A54-457 Dominican Republic, 1867.-.... 183 Disputes between officers of passengerVenezuela, 1860..... 802 steamships and passengers are to Vessels of each party making into a port be decided in United States courtsof an enemy of the other must ex- Italy, 1868 -434 hibit passports and certificates- Merchant-vessels of the United States not Dominican Republic, 1867... 182 liable for contraband goods when France, 1778, 1800...................- 207, 229 laden in port — Hayti, 1864 - 417 Morocco, 1787, 1836...-......519, 523 Spain, 1795. 709 The vessels of neither party to be molested Venezuela, 1860...................... 802 by the otherRegulations for the visit and examination Algiers, 1795,1815, 1816 -- -...........1, 6,11 of vessels on the high seas during Vessels of either country may complete time of war- their crews within the territories Algiers, 1795,1815, 1816 -.. __.....2, 6, 11 of the otherBolivia, 1858-,, 74 Italy, 1871 -.... 441 Brazil, 1828......... - — 86 Netherlands, 1782....... 540 Colombia, 1824.... 154 And may receive suppliesDominican Republic, 1867............. 183 Morocco, 1787, 1836..........517, 5'22 Ecuador, 1839........................ 192 Tripoli, 1796, 1805....755, 759 France, 1778,1800...................211,229 Tunis, 1797.. 764 Guatemala, 1849...................... 383 Visit. (See Vessels.) Hayti, 1864. 417 Vol Qualifie Crime. (See Extradition.) Italy, 1871- 443 Mexico, 1831..481 W. Morocco, 1787,1836 - 517,522 Netherlands, 1782. -........540 Wages of Seamen. (See Consuls.) New Granada, 1846............. -..... 555 War, (see Blockade; Captures; Contraband of Peru, 1851..-....... -619 War; Letters of Marque, Neutrality; Peru-Bolivia, 1836 -....... -606 Neutrals; Neutral Vessels; Piracy; Prussia, 1785,1799, 1828...... 645,652,659 Privateers; Prizes; P:rize Causes; San Salvador, 1850.........-.. 680 Reciprocal Privileges of Citizens, Spain, 1795 -. - 709 4c.; Reprisals; Ships of War; VesSweden, 1783................... 729 sels,) Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827 -— 735,741 Not to be declared for infractions of treaTunis, 1797, 1824 --—... 764,768 ties, until statement of injuries Venezuela, 1836, 1860...-......792, 802 made and redress refused or deVessels under convoy are not to be exam- layedined- Algiers, 1795, 1815, 18164,8,12 Bolivia, 1858...... 74 Bolivia, 185.8. - 77 Brazil 1828 87 Brazil, 1828 89 Colombia, 1824...... 155 Central America, 1825................. 103 Dominican Republic, 1867.. 183 Chili, 1832............................. 112 Ecuador, 1839 -..... 192 Colombia, 1824 ---------- - 157 France, 1800..-,........-.229,230 Ecuador, 1829 --—... —-. —------—. 195 Guatemala, 1849.,..383 Great Britain, 1794.................... 279 Hayti, 1864 -..-..... —....... 417 Guatemala, 1849 ----------- 386 Italy, 1871. -.....443 Mexico, 1831 —.-... 485 Mexico, 1831 -..........-.. 482 Morocco, 1787, 1836.... 520,524 Morocco, 1787, 1836 - -........517, 522 New Granada, 1846 559 Netherlands, 1782........ - 536 Peru, 1851. 623 New - Granada, 1846.......... - 556 Peru-Bolivia, 1836.......... 610 Peru, 1851.........-...... 619 Portugal, 1840............................ 638 Peru-Bolivia, 1836. 607 San Salvador, 1850 -.... 683 San Salvador, 1850........ -681 Tripoli, 1796,1805....................756,760 Tunis, 1797...... 764 Tunis, 1797 - 767 Venezuela, 1836, 1860.................793,803 Venezuela, 1836 795 Merchant-vessels suspected of being en- Until an attempt shall have been made gaged in the slave-trade may be to settle differences by arbitrationvisited and searched- Mexico, 1848......................... 500 Great Britain, 1862,, 1870.334, 352 Shall be carried on only under the orders Vessels of each party within the. jurisdic- of duly commissioned persons — ftion of the other are to be protected New Granada, 1846...........556 and.defended- San Salvador, 1850................... 681 Algiers, 1815, 1816 — _........... 7,11 Rules to be observed in case of war with France, 1778. --... 205 a common enemyNetherlands, 1782..................... 534 Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828-....646,,654, 659 Prussia, 1785, 1799 -—.. —-. 642, 650 Sweden, 1783.... 727 Spain, 1795'.. -.............. 706 Sweden and Norway, 1816, 1827-...735,741 Tripoli, 1796, 1805...................756,759 Agreement for the humane treatment of Tunis, 1797 -.765 prisoners of warDuties of masters, &c., of vessels of the Mexico, 1848 501 IUnited States on arriving in Chinese Prussia, 1785, 1799, 1828 -.646, 654, 659 ports- Prisoners of war are to be exchanged — As to pilots - -134 Algiers, 1 815, 1816.. 8,12 902 INDEX TO PUBLIC TREATIES. Page. Page. War-Continued. Wrecks-Confinned. Great Britain, 1814.....-288 Hayti, 1864.......................... 415 Morocco, 1787, 1836 -...........519, 523 Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1847.......... 468 Tripoli, 1805 ---------------------- - 760 Mexico, 1831 —.. —.- -. —......... 479 They are not to be made slaves- Netherlands, 1839-.................... 543 Algiers, 1815,1816 -------------------- 8,12 New Granada, 1846 ------------------- 552 Morocco, 1787, 1836..................519, 523 Oldenburg, 1847..................... 578 Tripoli, 1805- ----— 760 Peru, 1851.-.. -.-.................. 616 Navigation of rivers in time of war- Peru-Bolivia, 1836 —................. 603 Argentine Confederation, 1853 ----—. 16 San Salvador, 1850. —---- -677 On the breaking out of war, consuls and Sardinia, 1838...-...... 686 citizens of the United States may Spain, 1795. — 706 withdraw unmolested- Venezuela, 1836, 1860................789, 800 Algiers, 1795, 1815, 1816.4......4 8,12 In such case all possible aid shall be renTripoli, 1805 -..760 deredPrivate property not contraband of war, Algiers, 1795-. 2 to be exempt from capture at sea- Borneo, 1850......................... 80 Italy, 1871 -..-.-..........: - 441 China,*1844, 1858....................122,132 Debts, money in bank, shares in public France, 1778......................... 208 filunds, &c., are not to be seques- Greece, 1837.......................... 376 tered or confiscated- Liberia, 1862 ----- 462 Bolivia, 1858.......................... 76 Netherlands, 1782......537 Brazil, 1828.......................... 87 Ottoman Empire, 1830 --------------- 584 Central America, 1825 --.......... 101 Siam, 1833........................... 694 Chili, 1832 -....... 110 Sweden, 1783 -727,728 Colombia, 1824 -......... 155 Sweden and Norway, 1816,1827......735,740 Costa Rica, 1851...................... 162 Tripoli, 1796, 1805...................756 759 Dominican Republic, 1867............. 178 Tunis, 1797 764 Ecuador, 1839 193 WTlirtremberg, France, 1800.......................... 2?.7 Convention for abolition of Great Britain, 1794 -2........5 droitd'auamine, and taxes Guatemala, 1849 -........-384 on emigration, April 10, tayti, 1864........................... 413 ISI4 _.809, 810 Honduras, 1864........-..... 429 1. Droit d'aubaine, &c., abolished -.-... 809 Mexico, 1831......................... 483 2. Real estate, time allowed heirs for disNew Granada, 1846................... - 556 posal of.... -....... 809 Nicaragua, 1867...................... 570 Withdrawal of proceeds.. 809 Peru, 1851............................ 621 No duties of detraction ------ 809 Peru-Bolivia, 1836. —---—. ----- --- 608 3. Personal property, disposal of.-.... 809 San Salvador, 1850 -....-... 682 Succession to personal estates..-... 809 Two Sicilies, 1855 ------ --------- - 7779 Duties same as payable by natives- - 809 Venezuela, 1836, 1860 -------------— 793, 798 4. Property of absent heirs to be cared Warehouse Dues. (See Reciprocal Commercial for -—........- 810 Ag-reements.) 5. Disputes as to inheritance, how decided' 810 Weser Tolls, Abolition of- 6. Stipulations applicable to previous Hanover, 1846........................ 393 bequests —.......... 810 7. Ratifications- 810 Whale Ships of the United States, ccession to Convention wit Privileges of — awiaPrivileges of- 14.........Prussia and other states, HIawaiianIslands, 1849 -. —.,......... 407 October 13, 1S53. —--—. —-- 810 Peru, 1851, 1857 --.. -...... 615, 625, 626 Deelaration of accession to extradition fWrecks, (see Cansuls; Reciprocal Commiercial convention of June 16, 1852, with Agreements; Swiss Confederation,) Prussia and other states of the GerThe vessels, cargoes, and crews of one manic Confederation.............. 810 party, wrecked on the coast of the Naturalization. convention, other, are to receive the same assist- July 27, 1 S6 -.....811,812 ance which would be given to na- 1. Who to be deemed naturalized cititional vessels- zeus -....-... 811 Algiers, 1815, 1816 -..-..... 7,11 i Declaration of intention, effect of... 811 Belgium, 1845,1858.-.......... 51, 54 2. Liability for offenses committed before Bolivia, 1858....... 71 emigration.................... 811 Brazil, 1828. —......... 83 3. Extradition convention unchanged... 811 Central America, 1825.-...........-.. 97 4. Renewal of residence in original counChili, 1832-.... 106 try 811 Colombia, 1824....................... 151 Renunciation of naturalization -. 811 Dominican Republic, 1867.... 181 Intent not to return, when may be Ecuador, 1839........................ 189 held to exist..,-................ 811 Guatemala, 1849....................... 380 5. Duration of convention —-........ 811 Hanover, 1840, 1846..................390,392 6. Ratifications -.......... 812