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AVERELL HARRIMAN, Secre-ry JUL 9 '47 BUREAU 0& THE CENSUS J. C. VCPPT, Director CURRENT POPULATION REPORTS 1703 LABOR FORCE June 10, 1947 P-57., No. 60 74314 U. *. OvMlMU T PR71,e1 OFrFICE THE MONTHLY REPORT OF THE LABOR FORCE (This report is the first to be issued under a revised system of release format and series designation for the reports of the Population Division of the Bureau of the Census. All of these reports will henceforth be. issued under the general designation, "Current Population Reports." The Monthly Report on the Labor Force will be designated as release Series P-57. This series represents a continuation of series MRLF and continues the release numbers of that series.) The number of employed persons in the United States rose to about. 58,300,000 in May, with the addition of a great many seasonal agricultural workers and some gain in the number of persons working in nonagricultural industries. Altogether, approximately a million and a half more persons were employed in May than in April. Good weather prevailed during early May, in contrast with early April, and the number of persons engaged in agricultural work increased by around a million, from about 7,900,000 in April to close to 9,000,000 in May. In nonagrioultural employment, there was an increase of about half a million, bringing the total to about 49,400,000 in May. Included in these figures on employment are all persons (self-employed as well as wage or salary workers) who did any work at all during the survey week or who had jobs from which they were temporarily absent for various reasons. In the oase of both agricultural and nonagricultural employment, most of the April-May increase took place among persons working 35hours or more. Despite increases in some localities in the number of persons seeking jobs, unemployment for the country as a whole deolined by about 450,000 between April and May,and was near the 2 million level. This drop in unemployment was due in part to the reduction in the number of persons out of work because of temporary conditions during the survey week. For example, approximately 100,000 miners had no work during the April survey week because their mines were shut down pending safety certification, but were back at work in May. Also,because of the bad weather during the April survey week, there were slightly more unemployed agricultural and construction workers than is usual for that month, and some of these persons had been able to find jobs by May. Table 1.-SUMMARY 1P ESTIMATES, APRIL AND MAY, 1947, AND MAY, 1948 PERSONS 14 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER lElP0X STAiJS LO1M STAS Netet changeag May 4-10, Apr. 6-12, ay 5-11 change 4 1947 1|96-47 Total noninstitutional population....... 107,330,000 107,260,000 106,200,000 +70,000 +1,130,000 Total labor force including armed forces......... 61,760,000 60,650,000 60,570, 000 +1110000,190,000 Civilian labor force............................ 60,290,000 59,120,000 57,160,000 +1,170,000 +3,130,000 Employed.............................. 58,330,000 56,700,000 54,850,000 +1,630,000 3,480,000 At work................................ 56,470,000 54,060,000 52,880,000 +2,410,000 +3,590,000 35 hours or more during week.............. 48,270,000 44,750,000 +2,630,000 +3,520,000 15-34 hours during week................... 6,440,000 6,590,000 6,740,000 -150,000 -300,000 1-14 hours during week..................... 1,760,000 1,830,000 1,390,000 -70,000 +370,000 With a job but not at work.................. 1,860,000 2,640,000 1,970,000 -780,000 -110,000 Unemployed.................................... 1,960,000 2,420,000 2,310,000 - 460,000 -350,000 Bot in labor force................................ 45,570,000 46,610,000 45,630,000 -1,040,000 -0,000.....S. -80_00 a 15' 'II NONAGRICULTURAL, EMPLOYMENT Ml1 LLIONS__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 60 50 -- _ _ - TOTAL 40 -- P1-I 30 goo, II Li i.0 MAL E 19145 -1946 - 1947 9~UIJAU C7F TSF~ CUNSU,' 20 1 0 0 8 - 0 I I! m I LI' I. I -11 s, I 8: -L, 11 t q, 71 1 v) -1 ---- -1 - --—. ---- 1 946 - 1 94 7 ---- ' - I - I DF 7,-,' -N-L;S l UNEMPLOYMENT HILL IOINS 3.0 2.60, AGRICULTURAL MI LLIONS EMPLOYMENT I I, -, 9 - I I-).. Ir E. I - M - 8 C, -,!r I I.., I. -1, 8 0 - E I I.4 - -1 -c,. -,, -.. n -.,, X:I:, I ll I - I., I ---- - i 94 b - -, - -- - - 1 946 1 94 7 BURIAU CF THL ~~19141- 19446 -1917 - 3BURE'AU OF THE: CENSUS i 7.sT7 3 Included among the employed in May were about 1,900,000 persons who did not work at their jobs during the survey weak for various reasons, but who were not looking for work. About 300,000 of this group were not at work because of bad weather, temporary layoff with definite instructions to return to work within 30 days,or because they had new Jobs to which they were scheduled to report at some future date. For the second consecutive month, the number of persons not working at their jobs for these reasons declined, largely as a result of the continued improvement in weather conditions. The remainder of the 1,900,000 persons with a Job but not at work were away from their jobs for such reasonsas illness, vacation, labor dispute,and similar reasons. The total of 1.6 million persons not at work for these reasons represents a decrease of about 600,000 from the April figure. Over half of this decline as accounted for by a reduction in the number of persons kept from their jobs by illness during the survey week. In addition, there were fewer persons on vacation and fewer idle because of industrial dispute. In some cities telephone workers had reached a settlement in their wage dispute and were back at work during the May survey week. These estiates, released today by Director J. C. Capt of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce, are obtained from the Bureau's monthly cross-section survey of population and the labor force. Estimates for April and May, 1947, and May, 1946, are summarized in Table 1. LABOR FORCE The entrance of seasonal workers into the labor market was the principal development responsible for a rise of slightly more than a million in the civilian labor force between April and May. The civilian labor force, which ineludes both the employed and the unemployed, was estimated at 60,290,000 and was about 3 million higher than in May a year ago, owing mainly to the return of veterans to civilian jobs. Persons in the armed forces numbered close to 1,500,000 in May, bringing the total labor force to 61,760,000. Although the total labor force has increased in size by more than a million in the past year,much of this increase would be expected in view of the normal growth of the population. The proportion of the population 14 years of age and over who were either employed, unemployed, or in the armed forces was about 57 percent both in May, 1946, and in May, 1947. Between April and May, the number of women in the labor force rose by about 800,000, with substantial increases recorded in. almost every age group. Most of the women who entered the labor force this month are those who normally help with farm work during the busy late spring months. The female labor force, at 17,120,000 in May, was about 400,000 higher than a year ago. Between April and May,there was also a.gain of close to 400,000 in the male civilian labor force. Male veterans of World War II who were in the labor force numbered 12,340,000, or approximately 200,000 more than in April. An increase of about the same amount for nonveteran males, which brought the number in the labor force to 30,830,000, was chiefly the result of the entrance into the labor market of young boys who had just completed the school term. EMPLOYED PERSOS While the number of employed persons increased by approximately a million and a half between April and May and reached a level of about 58,300,000, the number of persons who did some work during the survey week rose from about 54 million in April to close to 56-1/2 million in May. All of the increase came among persons working a full work week (35 hours or more). The number of persons with jobs at which they did not work for various reasons during the sur.vey week declined by close to 800,000. Although the major part of the April to May increase in employment took place in agriculture, there was also a gain of half a million recorded in nonfarm employment, as the number of persons in nonagricultural industries rose to 49,370,000. The employment of women, veterans, and male nonveterans all increased, but veterans showed the largest gain (approximately a quarter of a million). With these increases in employment and the return to full-time work of a considerable number Table 2.-PERSONS EMPLOYED IN AGRICULTURE AND IN NONAGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES BY SEX, APRIL AND MAY, 1947, AND MAY, 1946 PERSONS 14 TEARS OF AGE AND OVER TYPB OF PLOYENT AND SEX May 4-10, Apr. 6-12, ay 5-11chng Ne t change 1947 1947 1946 Apr.-May, May, 1947 1948-47 Agriculture.......................... 8,9 000 7,60,0000 8,880,000 +1,100,000 +80,000 iale...................................... 7,410,000 6,980,000 7,100,000 +480,000 +510,000 F-lle............................5...... 1550,000 930,000 1,780,000 20000 - 000 lesawrisultural industris..................... 49,570,000 48,840,000 45,970,000 +530,000 +3,400,000 Mle..... * a *............................ 54,4000 3 70,000 S1,490,000 +790,000 +2,850,000 Fe.1ale......................0,000 14,87,000 14,480,000 +16,0,000 +100 0+5,0 4 of persons who had been idle because of illness or labor disputes in April,the number of persons working 35 hours or more in nonagricultural industries during the survey week rose by over a million, and was estimated at 41,330,000 in May. There was no significant change in the number working 15 to 34 hours during the week (4,780,000) or 1 to 14 hours (1,550,000). Persons with a nonagricultural job but not at work numbered only 1,710,000, or around 600,000 less than in the preceding month. Good weather during the May survey week in most agricultural areas permitted farmers to undertake many activities which had been delayed earlier by rain and cold weather. The number of persons employed in agriculture rose sharply, to a figure of about 9 million. This represents an increase of approximately 1,100,000 from April, about 600,000 among women. About 60 percent of the additional farm workers in May were unpaid family workers,25 percent wage or salary workers, and the rest self:-employed persons. Accompanying the gain in agricultural employment between April and May,there was an increase in the average number of hours worked in agriculture. Persons working 35 hours or more during the week rose in number from only 5-1/2 million in April to nearly 7 million in May, and made up about 80 percent of all persons who did some farm work during the May survey week. The group working 15 to 34 hours declined slightly, to about 1,700,000, and the group working 1 to 14 hours was estimated at approximately 200,000, or about the same as in April. The numberof persons with agricultural jobs who did no work during the survey week declined from about 300,000 in April to 150,000 in May,as a result of the more favorable weather. UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment during the survey week of May 4-10 was estimated at 1,960,000. This figure was 460,000 below the estimated number of persons looking for jobs in April. All of the decline from April took place among men, about half of it among veterans. The number of veterans unemployed in May was 640,000, nonveteran males 780,000, and women 540,000. Part of the decline from April can be attributed to the fact that about 100,000 miners who had no work during the April survey week because their mines were shut down pending safety certification were back at work in May. In addition, some agricultural and construction workers who had no jobs in April were able to work in May, with the end of bad weather. The average (mean) duration of unemployment for persons found to be looking for jobs in May was a little over 11 weeks, as compared with slightly over 10 weeks the previous month. This increase is to be explained by the fact that a re atively large group of persons temporarily out of work in April had found jobs prior to the May survey week. About 300,000 of the total decline in unemployment occurred among persons who had been looking for work for less than 6 weeks. 3 lSS. PERSONS OT INH THE LABOR PORCE With the entrance of so many seasonal agricultural workers into the labor market,there was a decline 'of about a million in the number of persons not in the labor force in May. The total number of persons 14 years of age and over outside the labor force in May was estimated at 45,570,000. Most of the decline from April took place among women (760,000), a large part of it in the group classified as home houseworkers. As some schools had closed for the summer, there was a reduction of about half a million in the number of young people classified as students. Male veterans of World War II outside the labor force numbered only 1,580,000 in May. The trend in this group has been gradually downward for the past several months, and will probably decline further with the close of the college semester next month. The number of veterans in school remained about the same as in April, at approximately a million. Veterans who were either unable to work c- were not in the labor force for various personal reasons numbered only about 300,000; a year ago there were slightly over a million veterans in this group. DEPINITIONS AND EXPLAKATIONS Source of data. —Information on the employment status of the population 14 years of age and over is obtained through personal interviews each month with a sample of about 25,000 households throughout the country selected by scientific sampling methods. Survey week. —The figures relate to the oalendar week (Sunday to Saturday) which contains the 8th day of the month. Employment status concepts Employed.-Employed persons comprise those who, during the survey week, were either (a) "At work"-those who did any work for pay or profit, or worked without pay for 15 hours or more on a family farm or business; or (b) "With a Job but not at work"-those who did not work and were not looking for work but had a job or business from which they were temporarily absent because of vacation, illness, industrial dispute, bad weather, or layoff with definite instructions to return to work within 30 days of layoff. Also included are persons who had new jobs but had not yet started to work. Unemployed.-Unemployed persons include those who did not work at all during the survey week, and who were looking for work. Also included as unemployed are persons who would have been looking for work except that (a) they were temporarily ill, (b) they expected to return to a Job from which they had been laid off for an indefinite period, or (o) they believed no work was available in their line of work in the community. Labor force.-The oivilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the 5 criteria described above. Figures on the net strength of the armed forces at the first of the msoth are added to the civilian labor force to obtain the total labor force. During periods of rapid change in the size of the armed forces, data on net strength as of the first of the month were projected to the survey week. Not in labor force. —All persons 14 years of age and over who are not classified as employed or unemployed are defined as "not in the labor foroeo," These persons are further classified as "engaged in own home housework," "in school, and "other," the latter group including for the most part retired persons, those permanently unable or too old to work,seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an "off" season, and the voluntarily idlef Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours) are also classified as not in the labor force. Comparability with related data,.-The employment data shown here were obtained by interviews with households and will differ from employment data based on reports from Individual business establishbmons a e.d farms. The Monthly Report on the Labor Force provides inforimation about the work status of the whole population, without duplication. Persons employed at more than one job are counted only once as employed, and are classified according to the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. Estimates based on reports from business establishments and farms, on the other hand, count more than once persons who work for more than one establishment. Differences will also arise from the fact that other estimates, unlike those presented here, generally exclude domestic service workers, unpaid family workers, and self-employed persons,and may include workers less than 14 years of age. An additional difference arises from the fact that persons with a job but not at work are included with the em-.ployed in the estimates shown here, whereas only part of this group is likely to be included in employment figures based on establishment payroll reports, For a number of reasons, the unemployment estimates of the Bureau of the Census are not directly comparable with the published figures for unemployment compensation claims or claims for veterans' readjustment allowances. In the first place, certain persons such as domestic servants and government workers are not eligible for unemployment compensation. Also, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used by the Census Bureau. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation,but are classified by the Census Bureau as employed. Furthermore, some persons may be reported as not looking for J^f work even though they might consider themselves available for jobs and be eligible for unemployment compensation. Reliability of estimates.-*The estimates are subject to sampling variation, which may be relatively large in cases where the quantities shown are small. Therefore, the smaller estimates should be used with caution; those under 100,000 are not shown in the tables but are replaced by an asterisk. For a more detailed statement on the variation due to sampling, see MRLP No. 57-S, Sampling Variability of Estimates of the Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Note on veteran estimates.-The estimating procedure used in the Monthly Report on the Labor Force involves, as a final step, the inflation of weighted sample results to independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex for specified age groups. In the case of males, this adjustment is at present made separately for veterans of World War II, and for nonveterans. The sample estimates of veterans are inflated to independent totals based on data from the War, Navy, and Treasury Departments on separations to civilian life. These data are adjusted to include persons on terminal leave and to exclude the estimated number of veterans who have re-enlisted, who have died, or who are in institutions. At the time the estimates are prepared each month, it is necessary to use a provisional estimate of the number of veterans. When revisions of these provisional estimates become available later, the current estimate is adjusted accordingly, but itis not feasible to make revisions in the earlier figures. Hense, the differences between the figures shown for twQ successive months cannot be taken as an estimate of the number of separations during that period. There is evidence of underrepresentation of veterans in the sample relative to nonveterans, as well as of some misclassification of veterans as nonveterans. It is not certain, therefore, that the World War II veterans identified as such in the survey adequately represent all World War II veterans. On the one hand, it is likely that veterans moving about the country and not adequately covered by the survey are in the labor force in smaller proportions than veterans who have returned to private households. On the other hand, many of the veterans misclassified as nonveterans are those who served in the armed forces for relatively short periods and who were discharged some time ago. They probably resemble nonveterans and are in the labor force in larger proportions than are other veterans. There is at present no basis for determining the net effect of these two errors on the total number of veterans in the various labor force categories. 6 TABLE 3.- EMYPLOYMENT STATUS OF THE NONINSI1TUTIONAL POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES Revised December, 1946 (Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) CIVILIAN IABOR FORCE Total noninstitulabor force Not in WEEK EDING tional lor force pciloyed | _ _ the labor population Total civi14 years aed lian labor With a ob Unemployed force and over forces force Total At work but not at work II II I BOTH SEXES January 12, 1946..... 105,950 59,490 55,320 51,020 48,590 2,450 2,500 46,480 February 9, 1946..... 106,020 59,150 53,890 51,240 48,500 2,7'40 2,650 46,890 March 9, 1946........ 106,070 59,630 55,160 52,460 50,320 2,140 2,700 46,440 April 15, 1946........ 106,140 60,300 56,450 54,120 52,020 2,100 2,350 45,840 May 11, 1946.......... 106,200 60,570 57,160 54,850 52,880 % 1,970 2,310 45,650 Juhe 8, 1946......... 106,210 62,000 58,930 56,560 54,330 2,030 2,570 44,210 July 15, 1946......... 106,360 62,820 60,110 57,840 54,050 3,790 2,270 45,540 August 10, 1946...... 106,470 62,200 59,750 57,690 54,450 3,260 2,060 44,270 September 14, 1946... 106,630 61,340 59,120 57,050 55,040 2;010 2,070 45,290 October 12, 194..... 106,760 61,160 58,990 57,030 55,530 1,500 1,960 45,600 November 9, 1946..... 106,840 60,980 58,970 57,040 55,540 1,500 1,950 45,860 December 14, 1946.... 106,940 60,320 58,430 56,310 54,680 1,650 2,120 46,620 January 11, 1947..... 106,970 59,510 57,790 55,390 55,220 2,170 2,400 47,460 February 8, 1947..... 107,060 59,630 58,010 55,520 53,370 2,150 2,490 47,450 March 8, 1947........ 107,190 59,960 58,390 56,060 53,900 2,160 2,330 47,230 April 12, 1947....... 107,260 60,650 59,120 56,700 54,060 2,640 2,420 46,610 May 10, 1947......... 107,330 61,760 60,290 58,330 56,470 1,860 1,960 45,570 MALE January 12, 1946..... 52,360 43,220 37,160 35,390 33,600 1,790 1,770 9,140 February 9, 1946..... 52,590 43,020 37,890 35,750 33,690 2,060 2,140 9,370 March 9, 1947........ 52,410 43,240 58,870 36,680 35,170 1,510 2,190 9,170 April 13, 1946....... 52,450 43,630 39,860 37,990 36,440 1,550 1,870 8,820 May 11, 1946......... 52,470 45,820 40,480 38,590 37,180 1,410 1,890 8,650 June 8, 1946......... 52,460 44,670 41,660 39,650 38,320 1,330 2,010 7,790 July 13, 1946......... 52,540 45,370 42,710 40,950 38,670 2,280 1,760 7,170 August 10, 1946...... 52,580 44,990 42,580 40,980 39,110 1,870 1,600 7,590 September 14, 1946... 52,650 44,040 41,850 40,270 38,850 1,420 1,580 8,610 October 12, 1946..... 52,700 43,970 41,820 40,270 39,210 1,060 1,550 8,730 November 9, 1946..... 52,730 43,940 41,950 40,430 39,350 1,080 1,520 8,790 December 14, 1946.... 52,790 43,860 41,990 40,300 39,040 1,260 1,690 8,930 January 11, 1947..... 52,790 45,560 41,860 39,910 38,200 1,710 1,950 9,230 February 8, 1947..... 52,850 43,700 42,100 40,090 38,370 1,720 2,010 9,130 March 8, 1947........ 52,820 43,990 42,440 40,590 38,950 1,640 1,850 8,850 April 12, 1947....... 52,840 44,310 42,800 40,900 39,200 1,700 1,900 8,530 May 10, 1947......... 52,870 44,620 43,170 41,750 40,500 1,250 1,420 8,250 FEMALE January 12, 1946..... 53,590 16,270 16,160 15,630 14,990 640 530 37,320 February 9, 1946..... 53,630 16,110 16,000 15,490 14,810 680 510 37,520 March 9, 1946........ 53,660 16,390 16,290 15,780 15,150 630 510 37,270 April 13, 1946....... 53,690 16,670 16,590 16,130 15,580 550 460 37,020 May 11, 1946........ 55,730 16,750 16,680 16,260 15,700 560 420 36,980 June 8, 1946......... 53,750 17,330 17,270 16,710 16,010 700 560 36,420 July 13, 1946........ 53,820 17,450 17,400 16,890 15,380 1,510 510 36,370 August 10, 1946...... 53,890 17,210 17,170 16,710 15,320 1,390 460 36,680 September 14, 1946... 53,980 17,300 17,270 16,780 16,190 590 490 36,680 October 12, 1946..... 54,060 17,190 17,170 16,760 16,320 440 410 36,870 November 9, 1946..... 54,110 17,040 17,020 16,610 16,190 420 410 37,070 December 14, 1946.... 54,150 16,460 16,440 16,010 15,640 370 430 37,690 January 11, 1947..... 54,180 15,950 15,930 15,480 15,020 460 450 38,230 February 8, 1947..... 54,230 15,930 15,910 15,430 15,000 430 480 38,300 March 8, 1947........ 54,370 15,970 15,950 15,470 14,950 520 480 38,400 April 12, 1947....... 54,420 16,340 16,320 15,800 14,860 940 520 58,080 May 10, 1947......... 54,460 17,140 17,120 16,580 15,970 610 540 37,320 ii 1 Hl I I_ IJ A IL _I -- i 1The estimates are subject to sampling variation, which may be relatively large in cases where the quantities are small. Therefore, the smaller estimates should be used with caution. A detailed statement on the variation due to sampling is given in MRLF No. 57-S. rri;SIq 7 TABLE 4.-PERSONS IPLOTD IIN NONAGRBCULTURAL INDUSTRIES AND IN AGRICULTURE, BY HOURS WORKED DURING THE SURVEY WEEK FOR THE UNITED STATES1 Revised December, 1946 (Thousands of persons 14 years of age and rovnrA PERSONS EMPLO'ED IN NONAGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES PERSONS EMPLOYED IN AGRICULTURE WEEK EI Worked Worked Worked With a orkd Workd rked Jjob but job but Total 35 hours 15-34 1-14 Total 35 hours 15-4 1 -not at wonot at or more hours hours or more hours hours w wrork week 1 I II I I BOTH SEXES January 12, 1946.... 44,300 36,670 4,560 1,520 1,950 6,720 4,180 1,710 350 480 February 9, 1946.... 44,00 36,310 4,180 1,350 2,460 6,940 4,480 1,850 330 280 March 9, 1946....... 44,930 37,600 4,030 1,310 1,990 7,530 5,470 1,720 190 150 April 13, 1946...... 45,950 38,580 4,320 1,150 1,920 8,170 6,200 1,650 160 180 May 11, 1946....... 45,970 38,130 4,810 1,210 1,800 8,880 6,600 1,930 180 170 June 8, 1946........ 46,350 39,140 4,140 1,130 1,940 10,010 8,160 1,610 150 (*) July 13, 1946....... 47,870 39,450 3,770 1,020 3,650 9,970 7,840 1,810 160 160 August 10, 1946,.... 48,550 40,720 3,810 960 3,080 9,140 6,970 1,850 140 200 September 14, 1946.. 48,300 41,610 3,650 1,150 1,890 8,750 7,110 1,350 170 120 October 12, 1946.... 48,410 41,400 4,540 1,260 1,410 8,620 6,820 1,510 200 (*) November 9, 1946.... 49,140 41,800 4,730 1,270 1,340 7,900 6,020 1,560 160 160 December 14, 1946... 49,100 42,120 4,290 1,550 1,540 7,210 5,150 1,450 320 290 January 11, 1947... 48,890 41,500 4,280 1,400 1,710 6,500 4,040 1,700 300 460 February 8, 1947.... 48,600 40,750 4,690 1,440 1,720 6,920 4,520 1,890 280 450 March 8, 1947....... 48,820 40,680 4,880 1,500 1,760 7,240 4,750 1,790 300 400 April 12, 1947...... 48,840 40,120 4,820 1,570 2,350 7,860 5,520 1,770 260 310 May 10, 1947........ 49,370 41,330 4,780 1,550 1,710 8,960 6,940 1,660 210 150 IMALE January 12, 1946.... 29,550 25,550 2,190 640 1,590 5,840 539180 1,240 290 400 February 9, 1946.... 29,740 25,220 2,070 620 1,830 6,010 4,250 1,3510 220 230 March 9, 1946....... 30,5310 26,500 2,020 600 1,390 6,570 5,120 1,020 110 120 April 15, 1946...... 51,180 27,130 2,130 470 1,450 6,810 5,720 900 (~) 100 May 11, 1946........ 51,490 27,210 2,460 510 1,5310 7,100 5,910 980 110 100 June 8, 1946........ 32,040 28,150 2,120 520 1,250 7,610 6,900 570 (*) (*) July 13, 1946....... 535,140 28,660 1,950 400 2,150 7,810 6,770 810 100 150 August 10, 1946..... 55,660 29,580 1,950 410 1,720 7,320 6,210 880 (*) 150 September 14, 1946.. 353,480 29,940 1,770 460 1,510 6,790 8,020 560 100 110 October 12, 1946.... 55,500 29,750 2,200 560 990 6,770 5,810 770 120 (*) November 9, 1946.... 34,050 30,140 2,590 590 950 6,380 5,580 780 (*) 150 December 14, 1946... 54,010 50,290 2,120 600 1,000 6,290 4,860 950 220 260 January 11, 1947.... 54,060 29,910 2,200 660 1,290 5,850 53,850 1,350 250 420 February 8, 1947.... 33,850 29,280 2,540 670 1,540 6,260 4,190 1,460 230 580 March 8, 1947....... 34,030 29,400 2,680 660 1,290 6,580 4,600 1,580 230 350 April 12, 1947...... 53,970 29,260 2,550 730 1,450 6,930 5,280 1,230 190 250 May 10, 1947....... 34,340 30,160 2,350 690 1,140 7,410 6,400 770 130 110 FEMALE January 12, 1946.... 14,750 11,540 2,170 680 560 880 270 470 (a) () February 9, 1946.... 14,560 11,090 2,110 730 650 950 230 540 110 (n March 9, 1946....... 14,620 11,500 2,0010 710 600 1,160 550 700 (*) (*) April 13, 1946...... 14,770 11,430 2,190 680 470 1,360 480 750 (O ) () May 11, 1946........ 14,480 10,940 2,350 700 490 1,780 690 950 ( () June 8, 1946........ 14,510 10,990 2,020 610 690 2,400 1,260 1,040 () () July 13, 1946....... 14,730 10,790 1,840 620 1,480 2,160 1,070 1,000 () () August 10, 1946..... 14,890 11,140 1,860 560 1,540 1,820 780 950 () September 14, 1946.. 14,820 11,670 1,880 690 580 1,960 1,090 790 (a) () October 12, 1946.... 14,910 11,650 2,140 700 420 1,850 1,010 740 (*) (a) November 9, 1946.... 15,090 11,660 2,540 680 410 1,520 660 780 ) () December 14, 1946... 15,090 11,850 2,170 750 340 920 290 500 100 (*) January 11, 1947.... 14,850 11,590 2,080 740 420 650 190 570 () ( February 8, 1947... 14,770 11,470 2,150 770 380 60 5800 430 (, (*) March 8, 1947........ 14790 11,280 2,200 840 470 680 150 410 ( April 12, 1947..... 14,870 10,860 2,290 840 880 950 260 540 () *) May 10, 1947......., 15,050 11,170 2,430 860 570 1,550 540 890 (*) () II. 1 II I I I I - II I I The estimates are subject to sampling variation, which may be relatively large in cases where the quantities are small. Therefore, the smaller estimates should be used with caution; those under 100,000 are not presented in the table but are replaced by an asterisk (*). A detailed statement on the variation due to sampling is given in MRLF No. 57-S. 3Y-fS TABIX 5 *-EIU'OYMT STATUS 0OP TEX MAL, VZTWSOF IM)RW WAR III Revised December, 1948 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(in thou ands)_ _ _ _ _ CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE NOT III.LBOK FO)RCii Total malehpyeI In non-1 Ttotal Totat I Of IDE World ciiinI o- ue-Total War II cvliano Ini ari- agrical- p07d In labor aCol Othier' Tetal tural force tries INevember 1.0, 3.945 5,600 5S,830 5,510 500 5,0 (10 520 1,770 170 1,800 Deoe ner8 1945NS 7,9020 4,0990 4j,240 560 5,880 750 2,J050 2501 1,OcJanusry 12,1 1946.........8, 580 6,410 5,570 450 5,0140 840 2,.170 2901 1,880 febraary 9, 1946&**9 9,0600 7,440 6,580 520 5,860 1,060 2,180 4201 1,140 Jkroh 9, 1948*.......10,j4 10 8,410 7j,200 680 6,540 1,9210 2,'000 540 1.460 April 15,p 1946..*.........11,060 9,240 8,250 770 7,1480 99 1,840 $4) 1,0 h~w 11 1946............11,520 9,85 8,900 860 81,040 950 1,690 11 "una 8 196......1,890o 10,580 19,400 950 8,9470 980 1,Os10 48c' i,3 July 15j, 14......12j,280 10,9810 9j,880 890 8,0990 950 1,9470 4 5,0 August 10, 1946......12,580 10,950 10j,100 850 9,270 850 1,630 480' -'ISO Septembe 148, 1946* 12j,790 11,,250 105,400 850 9,1570 850 1,560 750 800 October 12, 1946.........12,9810 11,9150 10,590 820 9,570 760 1.,660 1,160 50%X November 9, 1946.........15,0650 11,580 10,so680 770 9,910 700 1,650 11X December 14, 196....1,10 1,450 1060 60 9,920 840 1,710 1,110 6C Jamary 11 1947.9........1,590 11,600 10$,700 720 9S,980 900 1,790 1,190 600 Februsry 8 p1947.....15,470 11,81 10s,810 800 10,9010 1.,000 11,660 1,190,~ 4'(. Ibro k 8, 1947e..*eq 15,480 11,920 11,070 850 10,240 850 1,580 1, 180 50 April 12, 1947...... 15,650 12.,170 1J,,510 880 10,9450 860 1~,460 l,07 74 1P My 10,1947.... 15,720 12,0540 311,700 990 10,t710 640 1,580 o5 The sample estimates of veterans are inflated to independent totals b..sed on data from the 'War and Navy reo, ri -mnt~s on separations to civilian life. These data are adjusted to Include persona on terminal leave and to exclude the eitimated ==ber ef veterans who have re-enlisted,, who have died,, or who are in institutions. Inldsrecently discharged veterans who were resting or who had not yet entered the labor force for vatow "r sonal reasons, and veterans who were unable to work. 37.4