:HE _I THE OIFT OF| _ /r prry W -ton: 1 t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~,o~~n~r~;n4~,c~~~a~b~""4~rii~,oaco Od nosEt itopias c4 brief description of three questsfor happiness, c/[lcott's Fruitlands, Old Shaker House, and /r[merican Indian tcz5useum tescued from oblivion, recorded and preserved by Clara Endicott Sears on Prospect Hill in the old township of Harvard Jc[assachusetts BY HARRIET E: O'BRIEN dublished by PERRY WALTON BOSTON, MIASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. Copyright, I929 0~p9 g^^s 0 O mr. WACHUSEI1T FROM "TIlH PERGOLAS" Ties anci^ n Byzanti ie colimns lfrn Italy, tcared o.t Of Itordan Ste eframe art Mf tihe lveliest of Xcw ieglfand's landscapes. Lefty Mt. ff-achsatt, towering in majestic sypeindor, tay ie seen in ie diSt tance. LOST UTOPIAS -*"..... ~ m <~...... — IMPELLED by a dream of Utopia, there came one day in the spring of 1843 to the quiet old village of Harvard, Massachusetts, a strange little gathering of men and women. Passing through the village and wending their way slowly up the hillside, they eventually came out along the ridge of Prospect Hill, and, as their horizon widened to include the far-reaching stretches of the beautiful Nashua Valley and far-away Mt. Wachusett, so did their spirits expand to embrace the promise of this new land which was to be their home. It was no surprise for this prim little New England township, however, to find a motley array of strangers in its midst; for years earlier an even more fantastic group, under the influence of a staunch idealist, had come to carve out, according to their own ideas, an existence in an environment which they hoped would prove more congenial than the land from which they came. Both groups sought the peace enjoyed by an earlier noble and silent race that had dwelt among these very hills and had lost their Utopia at the hand of the white man. Each group shared in common with the other the desire to find contentment, truth and beauty-things undreamed of in a self-seeking, harassed world. Each, separated only by years and methods, lived for a while in their chosen Utopia and each perished in its own way; not because the spirit was weak but because the seeds of truth and beauty which they scattered fell on ground too choked by the weeds of the materialistic world which surrounded it to bring forth fruit. And yet to those who have the power to sense it, there lingered in that little town an intangible spirit which would not suffer complete eradication. It slumbered on, apparently non-existent, until years later another spring lured still another traveler along this selfsame highway. Different times, different ways-and so, although this new traveler came in motor car with the accoutrements of a modern age, they did not suffice to stifle the echoes of those early days. Perhaps, as sensible folk will say, it was just the physical charm of a glorious bit of New England countryside, just a chance occurrence; but there are those who persist in thinking that the spirit that pervaded the little town of Harvard recognized that here came one with the understanding to appreciate its past. Thus it was that the spirit of the American Indian of the Nashua Valley, the dream of Mother Ann, founder of the Shakers, and the ideals of Alcott and Lane, leaders of the Transcendentalist Movement of 1843, were rescued from oblivion and preserved by Clara Endicott Sears on Prospect Hill, where each lives on in the relics she has gathered and placed in three museums which are unique in America-American Indian Museum, Old Shaker House and Fruitlands. The beauty of New England landscape often beggars description, but rarely does [5s "THE PERiOLAS" 1 upon the most charming of village greens surrounded by lhomes, every line of which bespeaks the dignity of ancient heritage. One hin ksh0 on tas found quite enough of beauty here, until, skirting the side of the greenl and vecring off to the left for a short distance, lured on by the instructions ot a modes t little sign by the rcoadside, o(ne takes a sharp right turn up ihe very same hill sio often traversed b pitlgrims of ian earlier day. Quite without warning, one comes suddenly face to face with a panorama so spectacular, so transendeutly beautiful that the sharp exclamations elicited from the most satiated wayworn traveler can do little ustice to its inspiring charm. It is as if New England had sought someine ole place in which she might distill the very essence of her peculiar beauty, spilling it in lavish manner in one far-reaching sweep otf loveleinss. Hills, interspersed with forest, streiam and field, roll on and on like ripples alonKg the water, until, as though too appalled at its majestic beauty, they halt at the very sfot, of lofty Mt. Wachusett, spreading out along us sides to far-off tNi. Monadnock, otly to lose themselves finally in the bluish haze that marks the foothills of the White Moeuntains. With each passing hour the variety of this natural garden is challenged only by the kaleidoscopic color ects plaed upon it by sun aend shade. Greens, ot; e light and streaked with yellow, turn slowly to a pearly gray splotched wevith black as suni and cloud play hide-and-seek. With the cominig of evening, all gives way to ai eerie, lisl haze lit 61 ] which' grows gradually deeper and deepr1 Lntil it loses itself in tlhe ftore itiense purple of night. As one senses the poignanlt beauty of this spot, one ulneollSeiousyI beinles viunerable to the influences which hlae ever pervaded the little t littl ship ofi larvard, \lassaclhusetts, slad begins to understand sonmet}ing of the power that lured ironson Alco(tt Charles Lane, Josephl Paller ad their folliwers to settle here, where thee might daily drink great draughts of phlsictal 1and spibital bteauty. And so, as the visitor walks d)'wi tlie windinig path to the foot of the hill where nestles the old red house, lie too, is inlfused with a spiit w h spit hin se of himself, vilbates responsively to the charm of the ptast that dwells within its walls, Tlhere is an old sayig to the effect tilat "the)y who lcaile to scoff ir 1lained toi pray." So it tmulst be with anly visitir to Fruitlands. It is lnot within the scope of this work to deal with the lTratscendentalist Mdovernenlt for that has alreidy bee comltprtehlrsively and delightfully treated in "The Story of Fruitlands" by Clara Endicott Sears. In her book, which is well worth perusal, she gives thle intimate and fascinatitng details of that interesting experiment alnd tells of its aspirations aldfalures. Suffice it to say lhere ltat this desire to establish a "New Eden" was headed by A. Brontson Alcott, one of thle greatest and least appreciated itlellects Anierica has yet produced. It was the result of Alcott's trip to Englaln d to investiglate the workings of a school at Hami Commoui, wtlic, h ich i tribute to his getnius, was called Alcott House. While there lie so imlpressed Charles Iane, Ilis son Williamn THE NASTIUA VALLEY FRO-M "TIE11 PERGOLAS" Olhy the N'ashua Valley, with its gently rolling woodland and verdant fields, separates the majestic Mt. Wachusett Jrrmm 171 FRITL ANDS To th t2urdyyold pi wou Afineeruse ichA htelos sAo o torely on the At tofi ProspeftII ll iAte qua(int ol l eAgo ageof Hfrrd, Alaoctr/cttff.t, /tert tuitr int 1843 Irtffon i/trg o let/r or theTansio cengl l itltir i t/he 1io g//rd ut-yliro, ou ut/hto Ailoru/oprs who so/ u tghit to CCt P l) fzor tu arl t fin iiiztr /uttJitor dtopia Lane, Hlkenry Gardiner Wright ald Samui erl IBevcr (often called the English myvstics) tlat they retrnled to America wxiti him, where, after de dtelibCleatlin, Charles Ianoe, thle iolancler f the i lOveimentl ald Alcott, tlie outstandig genius, chose the old red louse onl the slope of iProspect Hfill, oAverlooknlg the N ashla Vi allevy which we have already described, in wlhich to s;rt their "New Ede" and na ed it "FrIit.lan ds." IThe house itself bespeaki a dignified cha r1 which tie old timullberr trees, st aditig like settilnels at (nle corner, gluard ats sttrdily todiay as they did ini 1i843, whe Alcitt planted themii tihere. The trees were really planted for a plractical rlasn, fort it was one of( tie precepts oif the Ccommunllity th}lt neitth lerl Ian iino beasts shllud ibe sxcrificed ()io nadet unlco(mfrtlab1letc that (othles iillit txist. It Ihe1l'ColfC, since cottlont tas tlhe )roduCt (.of slave lalor alnd ool the i sult of depriving the shilli, the imulbltter trees were providedc for the culture of the silkwors tat tat were to mlke the silk witli which solme varilet could be inltrloduled into the linnc railment of the littli coi(munlitv. lhis it. w(iild almost seemi that it thle otldt trees tle spirit ~of thalt expCer iment still lives atid lhas gulilrd d lie ild lhouse thrtouglh all these yeirs; not only h1from liss bi tfirc bUt flt()l destriltionu dulring tle title oif tlle (GIrat War whicn the Naslhua \'allei r-xccll(held with vibratiotlls (fi target iand bo>tmbini g practice at Camlp Ivenlls anlld eve ry hluse int t l vicinity sholk to its fndatis vey f tiosas th(s)ugh in fear o1f being Iilt )by a sttra' shell. 'Te Al1cotts colplairned of tihel age of tihe house when they tookii it, thle romrl now knowni as the Coltiiial litchie beilng inl rslts and tlie j Log Kiltchen and Refectx'w elinl regfer e red to asl '"dliapidated." Thlle trees must Ils guarded itl wetll, f)r ot o nl is' 111 st1rdinEtss of tillis stlrctlure unqumestion:ed to(day, but, with tlhe restoratslio bixy iss Setars of its uIld chimnilcy, whicsh was alien down by Mr. Alvis n IHolmlan yealrs after the blakitllig Iu) of the Fruitlasnds exI)crisent, the charim of its earlys apearanc e has rteunwdi tcs it;. With lhe cxception of the granarya wdhicl ha tbeen rIllo(t skillfutlly tut lled srilto delightfully liiv absle Clqlarters bi Miss S arts fire hi gluides, fllruitlands stat ts sa; iat lid int I 43. fune hais (rlito u Cross thi trshutssid 1 1 lutiuasihds tuo feel hlic Chlisss sshsIC iIts eoar'ly nccupants sirpatied tus it. Their tre asur'es [ite all absout ue lus 5d ihuuish unt h Iet an inrdehusahble liAlllstuCe u)\x i thl IsllOst. asual obs)cel'v'er, it uS tuo lluI1i xx ii) Ilti)WS tselits St ()titeS they' hisas' thlie iiust tu3 tell 1or example, the ancients plo)w tsltu ci)nsfronts o()te irrlilsesdiately afteI - Csui)Ssilg thilC this h(lshi (s1h e) shdies thIl whosule tragedy of that greas exipelri ent t for i it Is a patletic Iremindlller f a struggle for ('xistence far behty(id the stireiith (of a philosopiher's t ar it, high though his 5ai5 mtight be. So, too, in the prim little room to the left, the graceful table an1d the chairs itl neatl array arocund it whisper tales ofs ha i it' si whise thie "Culon-Sciate Famiaily" esiterltaine ii u itab a 'd thin afus ttl id hig/hibtoy thseir distinhguished visitors witlh cAtonveresats(isl Shiuw tioni s picure i wr g.'s *,. ar ehozee pieeis qtfurniure brogto 7Fuitleols far weighstier thals thle tseals vhlsl thesi y b 1sp ly J seih Plme r stuniiih, psisitslsue'i proiffeitd tltmern. Here oirnis ainstSt catchlues ths iigxire'1 las'g /ai hie /uivsed Pa/lume'r isrsda lis itu m/sie penettating vuxwords tf Thoreau, tthe smile of "lr',i7Mcudeins ilFS0 iats." I / I bZ r~i:aIl:,.....~8;...,,,~;e., CiZ 9 'ii~""iaLiik; ra" w ai I, ar i-~ " EZ s S- ~,,* 1;;1 ~ ~ a, I"r" arJ I F Y ~~R ~ lai i, 1 T a~i "rs . ~~ *Bi tN.r, 9, ii: a a bO " Bill I: c: Fz: a, kild-heartled Emerson a n the genaIl wit iof Hawlthorne, Wrl:e toliugh not mmbeXIeL. of the commlnllll it}, oftiien came toi drink of the spiritulal food, of whiclh Alcott was thea chief provider. (On this quaint: old ralee table stantds a meagre, but oh1 so potent, renlilder of lronson Alcoltt hmlrselIf, in the shape of a square piece of cork with a taob f leatlher coverillg t he il nkwell h llichll it coniceals. Visitors to Fruittlands sit at this very t;ble and, if tlhe s6 desure, in registering mIay dip their pensI ilnto this inikwell fromm whlich Alcottt so often withdiew his pesn onll to fasten forcver, r ithl unerringl aim in inlicenteitiough paper, weords which fairly quitvered with tle potenicy of the ideas they clonveyed. Close tlr stands the sand-slhakelr t with which he blotted so many thl()ugihts thlat appeared in Th/ Dial and iThe HI'rald f CI oi i'rei thonlligts whllic proved t:oo vii mnlelt for a lethargic, unappreciative world. Tlie walls are covered witli a paper, which, throuigh nmmt tlhe tuiginal, 1is quaintly patterund iln a design whlich is as near as Mlis iss ears could find to answer the descriptio of thie (o;riginal anld whichsi1 is tvpical o tihe patteirnls in flav()r at tliat tini. Ar*ound tlie foilr sides hang pictures of rmembrters of tlhe "Con-Sociate Fanil i" and their frietndls and as one passes froim ronson Alcott to Chiarles L ane to Mrs. A\lc.n tl 1'o ienry;ardinler Wright, to Parkei l Pilshl-, ilsb, to William Ellery Clannling, to Ra lplmh Waldom Eimerson, to Nathaniel Hawthorne and to Hentry ). Thoireau, mone sel se that the counIItelinances re'flect tlhe same spiritutal li ss, th s t t pace alnde tht e s ames mystic beauity. And as if to cal1ry oilt thle illusiton that thye' r1 a1boum3t to spea1i Miss Sears lhas placed undmerl their pictures original mlianulscrilpts of tlheir illmortal thouights. Here toe remai r ad a fragmnlt i ot f lThlirerau's '"ssay- i a (ood B lSk" just as it left his matchlless pen. I t1 sl e salue mannel-r i)le leals his thullughts (l "AutumItt" OlI "Nature Study," on ".Religio;n," whiile a leaf fr)m lhis "j iurinal" takes one back to thle year 1852. Standing befcire Nattha1iel awthorle ' picture itur e slCan alnmost hien himn spleak froin thue piagts f a letter. Whischu II his sre ts- Mum rl Whiipple if GCuic(msrs mn i883 ( sireaite Insiglhl iiit hus r I tio shmt-ialitr ' e - mit I sa AlcotuNh is gIeamnhd fto mium thine ieues tV5m 5 — s whimch shl e p t1teused ) lhO featsl her nt 1ig bseftore lie diedn iln March l iS88 as rell as iftither vserses dceid cated to the same perston,l than on- rie call secure from anry eading of hlr wiors. Close by mrlay be fould verses ln the originlal handwritimmg of W lliarn Ellelry Clhanimng, addresseds "iTo Carriem " In1 thlis (ur:.) i-u tiaulgs the piortrait sof Isaac T. H1eckI r wlho camie to FtilItaItdsll I froitl lBrooki FIlarm seerkilng a smore inlt:ense religious experiencer Evideitly hue decideed - that ihat he was seerking was mlot tmu be foumind at Fruitlands aly more than at. Broklh Farms, foir hue left t o iNivestigate still furthier saying: "M ly life is not theirs. Tshey have been the rmeatis mif giui;ng mure much light ol myself, but I feel I wotld li hve and progress more it l 'a Fmlui I.IBR-ARY AlT xRUrTLANDS different atmosphlere." IFinally, at the eud of miit,ti- ifound ni maiy s thitA imisatid o00ks m i/m/i tiso yrears' searching Ihe wenrt toC lm)se whetre /sspriiSn/d thi l/braro.y ia FJ'riula/idi.;".i.g u /la -sat her tit:l2 re:lms,, alts / hsri is od ss tri -h/-d ii I8 j, ie tsecare a pmiost end later tfunded thriits msssly fsid miti.l sog/i5 g/inpreFslo-n /ere,. liI FIIREPLACE IN TIHE SMAILI DINING ROOM Above the mantel hang portrits of the C cord pfilosoplhirs whil other pciturs, not vi lre re.,rcall to maid m imebers of tlthat earnest little land who, over eighty years ago, made a bree search for Utopia oi a hil[.ide io the old township of harvard, Maslhsetts, 'FH SI iJ DY) AT "FRU4lTT LnAND)S" Thzis was the philo1sfp1es 7tdy whr gr X B rs f uyt l~G,at a1d Seriolxs quleston wer dal dici4ed 4flo th exeitet a failed aSnw dso th f had deore.n theirsevera wayszs yJospht Palmer remained at Frettlands ad too t hi eown ~ ~ ~,7l5,3 (i eron g tte wall, anld surnt)giounte bya the bus of Socrates whfih wai th ufingId ionx t the,41cotfsr pre~,nce ig and)} a beautiful old D Cth highboy veneeedt wtgh the roort of Hugarjfan walnut. Joseph Pomr ru ii fro No Town having tixherite it from his mouther's juily, th 97irel of a&~ )P r tU''; tOz X tyj stock.Ei > i~~;~ ~'~ 11the oi-dga ofthleiaulisr atlFathers. Itnav te well to pauls he jihee Jt long eilughll to enuler_ate the folndcs of this nilqu c1 e iommniarty. They w re Bronson Alcott i Clarles Lane arid his son, Wiliam Latne It. C. Wr ight, Sanuel ""* 1 S' " 1 1Bowers IsaaC ' ITL-cker Abhra atl Evereltt 11|Anna Page, Josephl P1 almr1e atd Albrlam lid. With Mr. Alcott. of c.urse 1carre his WlfCe anr fo ur small daughLtels. Sgthme ()f thiese O persons Stayed but a short time, Wrlgilt for exam1ple, leaving so) t011n af181 ite arr te almrst prevent his bt1eing called a rriembelr: t rutlei n11 mbers were constalttly aluplgItelloted by nlew arrivalso whIo c8h1se all siorts oI, qleer i Ilethl)d Iof displaying their transcendentalism. Only a gliflmpse of oPld volumi8es n a boo o k-d m Mase on the 8wall 1ol es ()1e from thei eace. of this r)on1 to the little eltry, wllere ollte 1ind,1 Ti 8ll STU1Y 1T 1nr UigTalADS a few (cf theg t h ousantd ooks whichi c mdriprised Here Wa, s a p oursaued with showigs Mr.Vic ' Aoritina l library at Orca nd I twell 1l8e Fruiandctc.,If*rr 1ht eo pera p1il i h l t Fitlalds1 In t.he Colttag all t 1i1c. 5d 5 &r.rt1d on1 lh)ir /evetry-a center are two i bookst) one t he pro)pt)e.y) (if sgayilure bettwenv~yslw tha copay dining, wich we avearlread d id andfthe atx y, jo.iph later recamed itp l Pralmld ' s 7tloeok thi. p r1... it. m.st. - aobe. 0. l ememb, mase a/ Bronson Alott the otha belonging toa C a1lles a.nt, portrail. s o'h 111 td hi.s iffe.Cev tio Lane. B oth ctail the autograpls (f thill I'he le e tilai' bil se1'n 1 lt r 1/ tlh:r 8tt8a I.1 mal1 8 mo ii umnt " I rt,. rs hi. re,:l..,i Pl.ace III (/fl:.,W,-. owners.f, Charles l ane's book was presenlted til o,), (m12. /his m,.,u,,.t', is ' 11z1cld f/or/1 t() Miss Seas "8fot the library at Fltuitl lids" wxarbwtJ lhe Reard."d:t picture /o ihf ' ot,,, liantV 1),n1r1's 7 l o13' of1 hr third cou)sin) (Coutz 15 MIr. FtI ranlk Sanborni t oftell called 1 the last RIt/lrd. sage )(f Conc(rd."( Because of 1his close associat)ion( as a yolriug 1mal with thi gralt Conlord literary figures1 Mr. Satnborn hald 8considerable kn1wt'ed8ge of the Fru itlads expel saillt ali rtved a wrifiirg aitd Vtllllb ai to Miss Sears ii her eits(:llstru tio:) 11)1(111 1118 ((1111d1 11(nedol) al-twit i 5t8'yS are ilenesslilly t81181188f illl ( a1 81 111r1 fisi1888 thlle ich spiritual foo)d 01 which tlle phlil)s81plers fed s) avidly. And, Is if ) a1ffo)d(1 (erll(1ast l8 tlle sp1itial s i l fe8, od tihel ()pposite1s wAall, facintg thlei little 1li8'bra)yl })1ngs tle lealse )Of lallnd on whih stod the famtous School (Of l)hilosophy whlll A/lctt founde(d throughl the aid of RIt111 alph Wai l elerson1 aifter thle failuie of th-1e Fr i utlilad11 s ex85pcrilelt. 11ele, too(, s a1 1tlOSt ilte~restinlg allegorial represenltatiol of 'lThe Triee of life," emblemaltic of the philosophy shared by thle members 8sf othe "'Coi -Sociate Family8 " In the same little entry onle finds a picture of Bronsosll Alcott at )Orchard I)1ouse, Concoird, as well as the original deed concerni8ng the School orf Philosopvhy te fowllded there. 'rhere is also a portrait sholwing IMrs. Alcott in tlhe library (of Orchard 1Hou lse1 as well as a11 exact colpy of Bronlson Alcott's original penc il drawing (of his parlor) in HIoesmernI Cottage at Coiword. ThJis enltry-way, s redolent with past m18emlor1ies, forilms tlle passageviay betweern the companly dining room, which we h8ave already desc1-ibed) arld tlhe study whlichi later becahne Joseph 1Palmer'1 s bedrooi) and thd e scene (If 1his death. Jo(seph Plalner, it tmu1st 1be remembered, was a memilber of thlle "(Con-Sno8ate F1amily," and after all the others had left he sectred title to the property an1d made it lhis hlomef WIhat taleshashis old study ls t toll tO tell he sympathetic visitorl Here sltands vey nearly (we like t11 think) as Jos ph Palmer p laced it, the gracefill old fDutch highboy, veneeredl with thle root of Hulingaliani walnut., which hlie brough:t with himn firom No ITowr), a small settlement ot far from F'itchb urg. Ot top of this 1ighboy sits the b1ust (of t 11 Socrate., fori nowhere did the Alotts go that Socrates was not illlediltelai- gIVeia position of hon(or. WN e (olr wiso h this bust, iostlad of a rplica, Ilight be the ideotoal onte which Louisa mentionlt s tin tthe openinig Chlapter of t "Tt ooaoelodtal Willd Oats" lher own immortal record of the "Fruiitlands Communiity,' as ihavig served as a pillow for the sleepy little 1)(r wiho cltitcied it as he rode tliotLgh the raitot to Join the C oIIotoMty. A biust of Goethe mllost apprlopriately stainds ot1 a little tbll elhow for the '1Ianscen dentsalists wiere very intereosted in the (Gcr(inlI sci(l t oft philosoplrs.v tilder the bookcaase, withi its l mantl valuable th)iks in cholicoie bitdigs, stalnds thie old crlidtecovered trunk in wilich Chat-ls Iine bthrought1 manylV rare bootks ftromt Ingland folr the iFritlantds library. \lcoItt's owtn glob, stlt iurroundel wiitlh tlhe sigls of thle Z tiac anid mellow with age, catuses one to( reminisce aib(out t lh days whlen Alcitt liust have gitdiid the baby fiigers of his datiughters careftilly o.ver its stiiface as hi tsio took themlii on long strange journlies. E:ven te old cralne in tlhe fireplace is the oe thalt ldid duity inl thli days oif th loe Alotts, ile from the walls look d twn the satlm osld colored priints (on the portrait of John WClesy, the other entitled ";Sea-rching the Scripttureso. ()n the west wall hatngs a photogrsaph, taken in thie (old Bosstlo Athlil nau.tm, f a g(o)lp (f theu inte'estri g liter arv tmen who were ass(itatlid at thlis period. ()ni th}e pposite wall be1elath the fireplace is a photograph of Joseph Palter sitting befsore the selfsalet fi replae. A comparisoIn of the arranlgelf ment of the fireplace as it appelared in tlhe picture and as it looks todayt furnishes excellentt proo f of low faiithfullv Nliss Seari s ias preserved thli original atmi)spihere of Fruitlands. '11l lb)i 1klsate of 'IhoismtaIs PaIime r which haugs to the left of the fireplae is acclompanier d iby a letter fromtll Joseph PaleIttl whictll sEhows tlhat hle not (onil descended frot gxood s ld 1Americat, stock but folIt cultured ct it riltestrvl us well. Cls(Se Ity isllngs a PiCi rC tu sf COulIt t Rutitfoiid, tigetht-r witui a 1lbtter flois l s itilht. Count Rutnfs-di who ius Beain tt ITho psson o1f Woiburn, Malssachusetts befosre his a t ce - atlce of a title froi thle -arIoy lomani iii Itnpi rC, was a csousiin of Jos iseh Pualner' s wife, Wa iose tecmaider n o n iaghomoe wase Npresen *l''101p1afbs011T m.l O)ie bas stls tso isiss behind the chbsol dr si f tlh' rul>bissad its hu6dr In it hu f5r5n ii f a\lsjoi (G ar idins fsi( ly bold tea set, a w hitlsiceal eeoile to dasolf e t illu. After l- thol failtuire ti Iof the Fiuit Isdad exp ur I teirt, th Aleoitts wenit ti livei iii a boussi iC'hiistgitug ts thae LUvejoys in Still River. Major Gardier, with lhis fatamilt, lived oppssiti, saird naturally th e c hildre n sof sboth familits ibecal e firin friends, Ohre dnay, so thre stort runs,,osuisa, alvways the leiader in conitrovtitg nisobel ideas of alIttiltlitalt, beicane, itn a tumock marrla iae thre wife uof thie little (ardelr bohyi. A s ti e NiAJOIjR;ARDNEtalS TEA SEtl Ocaxsion wtias sne orf jgroat marsmeiurlnt anr all Thl.i cherished psseeioen qf ther lId ( Grdinr ho 7ViLad a Oil!: ' si feoldCardlry the childlrel of the ei thborhoih)d were present app ropriats by, /Io izw.ir ti ja d ralui as guests, a wedditng feast seemed absiolutely ille i., tr I a lt ryi sisA, i.t the imlpertative t1o cRoLmplet1e tlhe~ illlusio.,n. Ac&)r& teheh fit irte e sirsy T 7ihe als if irngly, the Gardner chi drc hoispitaby led thle l'J. lirdnr diid sth (creitt ith chsldre., i a be,added ihal soi a pei e oas damagcd, Is sais wav to the chaina closet whiere the Major s secured by 1 is Sears from one i the Gardiner girls's hrTh1 I. t Ol I LON ( K1TC11EN AN)D RI;FEiCT(ORY Roiiw/p -a t i-p r a ctiZ a l, li/s is o /f Th osi p hii.os o ph er.sh w h o m adie It tktis ' r h n i s.i - s best tea set was catefully kept for suchl rtal occasions as Tl'lhanksgiving, Christmas, and, in the cli-ldr-n's o6pini(on weddings nilch as the recont one in wlhich they had been h i. nclief participants. Thi' panltry was next inveostigated, and great was l9i cnonsterna5tion of tlie Major atid his ie wif wlhetn they realize(d wiat ndisclhicf was afo(,(t and rescuctd tfloein treasuilrd tea service. Altlhough it bteas )o connlectil(o tii uta ti e F n t ost iltere: sting relics iin tins room is an old Bible, resncued from the battlefield by oTis EInch Whleeiler the morning after the battle of Buniker Hill. Its size would lead one to wonder how it could be carried into 1the fight by even the most devoted lover of thei Scriptiures but, nevertheless, there it lay, just where the fight had been t th tlhickest, as paper-s in the possession of Mi S ars bear witness. tndoubtedly a most livable and coimf-rtable ro)m ini the- (ld housei is what was called the Long Kitchen and Refectory. Here one almost expects to be invited to join the members Of the "Con-Sociate Family" as they tro.op in from theilr aidulou laboirs in the field to partake of a luncheon of grain, firit and mits. The long, hand-hlewl refectory table, with its stlurdy benches, looks made )t support far weightier banquets than were ever served at Fruitlands, wher., it mst Sbe remnembered, it was contrary to the principles of the Community to partake of not only any alimal food but of anytling that might seem to rob the animal of that w hich was rightfully lis. In fact, the place received the name of "Fruitlands" because, as Hecker himself said, '"fruit was to be the principal staple of daily food, and to be cultivated on the farm...f [t16 Althloughl in addzion to to ie bust of Socrates which always ruarked tliu- lcesece, the Alcotts brought all t:he neessa r kitchen utensils, bed lilel, a few lictlles antd mirror, on whbich Charleis Lane i Unfolrtunatl trod a - symbolically? -destrovd Lmost of tie lovuely old furniture came ifro Joseph Painer's ho e uin No 1Tow.!t is not surprising to learn, therefore, thlat the highboy against the east wall be)loged tx himi as vwell as thie plow of which we have already spoken aud thle yokei which now it tgs over it. Josieph PaInmer brought the last-named article to IFritlands only aftei the cnthusiasim of the Brotherlood had been dimmed by thi s eariness and ptit which racked eve)r bone anld miuscle of bodies unaccustoimd i t wrestlig a i gfroim the souiI. I The use f beast s of burdIe, of eC4 rsco Was against tlie princitples for wIhich t1l i little s coitutl111ity stood, bult finally', whenl t1he imntsptssibil 1t o.f s adting a i en-acr liot presented itself, Joscph Phalime inpoi rtcid this yoke, togsethelr with a team iof oxeni e of swhicht, accosrding to good aithority, wuas in reality a cow. s In the serecy o fi thles barni, PIalmuer often assuaged tlie parngs lof ithuniger by r)obbiniig this cow f somte of h) r m ilk, aI practice frowned tuponI by h is more splritluall minded bretlhrcrn. Tihe fireplace imust ltave s' cheered tlh drt(ooping spirits of Mrs. Alcott iimmi asusrabily f:or, providied her philtosoph1ers did inot rise above th.le necessity of furntishinig wuood), it was certainly of' dimensionus sufficient to radiate ample warmlth. Across its mantel to(rday, in proud array, stprad a d ieces of ipewsrter whilch, thl(utglh nolt thlc i original o nes iowIEd iby Mrs. Alcott, nevertheluess shinit as brightly as 1did her ownit i reflect in the oft ligiht that filters in the little old windowis llmuch thle I se scene as hes e onc did. Close by TIFE FI REPLAiCE IN TIHE ILONG KITCISEN [ r1sil' tbis pssstsr b ut b th suile t -a t tbat tChib (uincesr bebd uto Mlr.t 1btsc adiuS grrl thib.' fit'eplbcs s'i a ssissubar assh s nss, bi rfc its u ibn ' i:tllsy s'briusbble urs, l/re Samls carre chtbsl rsJo. b coutl larBs f/ed so ltederly rn ie'r own.e. i7 hngsythe a()d ha o eiwarn'r whik sppust s dbtriB~^ i le ra vo lantt'li ive, 4,,'<' 70'.. |i^~ tile laite tt ii nat hy till isi plnesrn p ilel hn tshe light f then sp*irinna lih fe x lias t stiheit it dat p i h es f dorkness r Prespetlill. fIn Coper;th ha rlane t o jo scpil Palmer w a iu~ the wall may he seen a base i litef he orean k hni lift by I s fI ri e I les lof tRie ewtsnii. Nt I ar away a re exihitte d th t me rs cn anathle stile iather jtin its eanir de tlo Fr Int mlaoem b s te fn mt er s hg an intresting fanplretr nf its tin Ii s_ hne ft Iiniaisli ' 1i f thias 1tic iactd ird Ifiy ahhonugh eei a eniitn, ie f e FritilantIs (inntontinit dio sid endi acitn pcaI tff eteel T q old | It iS tt be ht egrettetd that t-antt s ecceittriettiCeS rather tta Iis getitUS dtew so maty prctdmets tof Fruraeaditharcids. spasee failurec Of tir, (e xperinmet was is 'ote rnem r dtie to hiss at.- f-r, italtlough Alcoaott ia s etentrtll l Ileth A Ce1RniE4tROF I tJ t e t iioN N w nnlim I Was undoubtedly a great genius, whoreas anis is-eq, it ol'c Y many oitf p i u o th rs h aid otlty ft it i s o their ecceinticities eie s of 5/ ifa s1 a orkthsta T tila oks e so n, se t the n apart frt l tihe clowd. t t)r ars ta is j oI al worls a i.. c Trio is be fo lid nH tie boon cay); ma lro the ' o, wh t ng " ba inata the wall ii lh ig ot ff an, tone thne irirr his siits see upii 1s itg ditl, i h rte 7i 5 a?'a 5 -l; IHt'l;.ithri caleled s toAb rai" ia whltle the itner spi it Ate Clock is a t.plndid ' e c th M o hef i. Imicra/' Ie Wl / aurdt 6'./shby sOf several youtling apostles t)f ithe Newtness" iwho appeared at Mr EmcrsoIt 's li suse ont) aftroott1 showeld its tenaintciipatilii frn tle Siacisk e f C velntijslality ly the frtm tO[ 6 s h a ckle:.s t; cnatEs WutlontY oa the astoundinlg orm of prefacing Cvcn lthe inst tr ivisal f renarka with v iler t isatls rstiiiaiiela tet ul I niEmersoiui s t tlipt: arcntil b utls Ilem- ason, btting of a retlrini NatIre, could no brling hnnselII 1st n nylthig that sisatee is the' fatitstie daris crtaiill ti e ideas ti f:iay thi itiee s o ' t ariitla en; i s w r fanastic i lh' ecxtrion et. 'lIte lualtit iled pitures which aeldoun iite wills Of sle l h lig Kitechti tie typteal nslet q-pasid.,.ioe 1)> ati od".d ad*vertisement prsodilirta iof their ag and are surpassen nll lttile o y a di td adwrt.seitit' site epsu titiol of sOte Stlaa L arsttit, a lltf-crazed Secottd,dveitist, stogether whit an equally weird poetict effusfiot frltmi the sane pe. 'Ihe advertisement extoils tlhI merits of a scythe which I,amsnl hlad itivent.ed end w.hich, itn spite Kf his hfirits enitetint t:lat tls ele1.f the w'tld was itinstist lie was ever eager to sell, Beneath tlehse tiria is thle old non imark on the floori i, ch, as the sun castl.axh arnSas it siteea tt was higl Oi ali t1 ligl tilse fi sr nuts, graiin fruits or perhaps, beats froti ca.ed* that it -was hig' noo) ad tig kitl the ni Cotmlmtlity heatsllpot whirs, iticidetitally ittay 1t se i tlhe long Kitchell today. ie ts tlfhe Afd kitchen dootr hangs osep h PalnEr's boo tack, wlile ahe At tlle entralcc o.the t)* 'e lax fo hr ebs it 1may be seesn Natcy Palmser 's hlatcel used in preparaing the fax fnor ies avellrlsy spsining wheel. At the oppstc enld of the room staiss a tall I l ase costainitig tmant'y tfl Thlioreat's persoiaul books as well as sotie from the orintal Fruitlasds collection. This bookcase, once the propertVi of Nathlaniael Hawthorne, togeter wths the deskI at whsich Toreau wrote mtay oF his most fainous literaryv works and aa ase of mun rals.ilI 't'd by Thorteau, himself, camse i to Frutlasids at tihe death Of r. Fraik Sarshnrn who, as ie llhave previously said, was an invaluable )lc ise r to I\ its Scars in licr i e ork of rcst'oring Froitlands to its origial conttlition. Thle clc a l fin he o()te tade bt WNillard of Ashby as e1la as h79 as a history all its ot Which c1uld Io()t lav lbee ini tune withi tie spiit of those eatrlier days, for it refused ever to joil tile Ct,.mlnlIooitv prefeIrini g to tremain hidden from)1 eien the ibright cycs of the littlt Alciott girls in tlie attic, which it shared in clrommon with them. i ProbaXblI it was left there bl sontct fo ittrl' owtlter, forl Fruitlaids Ilad rlad anyi itt otcupants befoire its rItorxe rcriolincol inles olf 18414 Thle Col lonial Kitchen was illn ruis dutring thle dayIs when a i"New l tC Eden" ias iin t l mllakitig at IFrultllands but the foundations io bqoth the chini neyl antd lakits wer fotind to be intact by Mliss Scars when she undertook lthe tlremelldcis task of its restlratiop. The past comes a little nearer ill tillis )it thl i n almoIlst l,tlit o r per ilap5s it is just a bit more sad. When one rieatizes tlila on til: oldl settle wtherle tOs'cdl Is tlmtl so loved to rest stands Nanc? Palmer's bowl of tallow, half used just ais she left it; that (oll tie ta tae made by her husbarnd's own liatd liel h r sticks for Iaking "dipped ca1ndt1 s"; whil ct tile miantelshelf, iii tlihe two o)ld candllsticks, arc two lof ht ir l)w, i candlesI, (l foeels that the veil o f years betweel helr day and tllis tmust, after all, be very1 thin and lhalt if one speakss ini hushedl tIoles or, lbttetr yet sits silently )o the old "tilhilos plaCe1rs' Settle," Nancy Palmer herself might comet btack anid fin tis thse cnds before one's very eyes. fThe Clft-hand crane ii tele spacious fireplace is tIle originall o()t founidI inl the c1 himnituc by one tof Joseph Palmeir's grandchildren while pla ying among tic ruinsi wil lle th othlier is frItom an equally old cellar in Wright ' iTaver at (CoII(cord. l' Te tartlhen ji ars iii this kt itchen and in tle ro(mr previously described as thle 1i)ng Kitc. n it ite ftlittd amltong tle ruinis Whenitl the chitmine of the former room was reisittrd by it iss S ears. Thety were of a vit age moire ancient thin Frultlands, having lain burte d bli lilt dlbrtiis of tlie tlumblc-dwi l chiminy idurig tlie da'iss of tliat expetsriment. As slmay be sturmtiisetd, lite ttld R6t't'lutionary gluts tovt thv c l 11arstl C al1d tle t iwto ti luftlidlbusse(s (tn tle walls wunele neve'tt r lthe pr)prylati of anly llIetmbr s of tIhe "CitoSttiaite Fami'y" each ttt of wtu it it()ssessed a nlutur tnloo isild to ctle withf tilut normal tutun uf mfuankiudt, ssuucit less iltiosi otf a s1suh' villain'tt s nuiashe-tilt Thll picat stl-t s Wiiist ahi tdlti thte i' lls 1 f IslliB It prest nt il lutis t if Slu t hi s tf t te A'tll' ical R. evolutihm. jl' } fsesf ))te tlhree (;eorgos. ttosluetltl witil tle origilll alltnusctiputts bereathi sthemt bearing, it addition to tieir s wn1 sigtnaturesi those of hu ei Primle Mi ist \ ors alcd ottler dignitaries, reritnd one f the fact that tll old i hous livcd inl tle days of Bruitish rule. Thfe r are Currier and f ves prints 3of Washington aitnd his farnily, the siurrsender tof Cotitwallis. Wasths ington crttssuing the brldg at Tr et n ati und, finallys the I)ec laraatitu t ft In dependence, irt dtA PuslOOlPtoTtllIo:at'S PIOtasW c ate that it survived the Rewvlustion anld lives t, uit/7h op/o lhot Jloohi l5/'t/,ac/tixgr~ tiday uusnder tlie flag of these United States. ustrr isO 'mv OJ/ ulS i Osft(Jphlsphorsf. Wh'o Tto)tclanatiuh tf fudpuinuedout has Stsh p tlousphav o)tdl t o5 lntsS eri rsopeu st' psain-rousuk' ttiule/' 5ul' p50l5tVulpious usustr/t's't unisir added Interest tuf beilng a coupy of out' tsp piu' Sito ittaitm o ser'Sh'se yke nza~y b gsetse. t 'f 'rtumautt l o1'i was a relativo of iMr, Alcotts. [I1)1 THE COLO(NIAL KITCHEN 1"S pristT' iltbLUJtt wia be espa table ia, anf.I t ais old kitchen It as been faithfull restored t6 _ pitti1 Z, oafeZ i.e le) candlets i lh lgg -bay itti ab m nt: " ri i, n:rtabs ctigo A 4tel are his '2ife, candlg }O4?H 2Q0?hr e ~?C4J?iS,nade b j o.1e~ h th a r? b it-lle o ra ri/rnk Tin i/Ia nrirlr nr riir n~ rninnpniry period nrnnn'rre 4na naIiI arndrn /nnn/ 11 P ILO SOPHIRS' S loss often ld th( stps lhaditg ftroi the Lonog Kitchlen to the upper d o feel the treaid of the f1ing freet of the meri y Alcott children, or the fiiri but weary footsteps of Mlother AIott iho, after a day of toil, clibid alCoft to the shelter of her roonl where, by the light of her lamp, she would mend socks acod slt irs anfd aprons while more vithal, buhot prrhi s less iecessary aid imoidiate, problems were worked over far iiito the iight by tlhe enthusiasts belos! This laop, it must be xplahiod, was the oe coes sion granted M\rs, Aleott during heir residencr at Fruitlands, the burninig of whale oil bheing not in accord with the philosophers' V iew s oIa the dse of atniaol sublstances. \st Alcott, althoug6h she was loal to heir iiihusband aoind iiig to follow iII spite of pisa1qa lhacdsliip wlherever he mtiglit ad, had tnevers s Ihrd the opinions or entli isiasii of tihe fouiidecrs of "the Newoess.' Since, thererfore, the coofofirt of thel spiritual hgli sviii so exalted the oembters of tlhe Cimunity was detird her, it was only fair that slie should eniijoy the pleasures to bie deriisd from a mrcwe wsoldly light —6sp ecially Sitie these pleasures consisted of making the practiels ide of the experiment more oucsfo than it wold otli c rwice have beo. Louisa, her daughter, has told us that her motlhr only claismead to be "the icballast i her hi ad balloon." What coople t nder- n standing and love muit have nxidted bitweni Bronson Alcott anod iis wifeIni ed, the whole storvy of their relationship is a constanit exao ple of onquestiotnable loyalty aId devotion in the face of scoil-searing adversity. at2 I As was often the case in thie very earliest houses il this country, we hd at the head of the stairs a hole just large enoulgh o pei- tihe faaiilay at to pass through without une inconvenience into the granary, there to give himself over to the felcllle vitho~j~ c>'ut Ijll~il. u i s>tl( i -f ' f rind ten av L sh o f. plasures of mouse- catchinI iFrance must be the source of tlhis tunlique arrangement ht-:)r family pets, as lr 1hols are ofteil foultnd in tle old rcisIch chatseas. It is this granary which the ingesnuityi and prs erasev e nce of Miss Sears traansfeIrrod in lli4 lfron a cotnplete state of dilapidatio to chariing livig quarters fotr the coinfort of utr three guides whose duty it is to show visitors aliborLit FIruitlads, as well as the old Shaker House and the Arnticn Idian Musieurn. The pleasure of a visit to t ese rmuseuls, let it be said is greatly enhanced by the inlterest and intellgeic vwhlich these guides ishow in explaisnig the iiany diffe rent obje ts ltobe found there. Mis s Seart has always been extre ely discriminating i her cho ice (if peisonls tio hll tilse re spoiis'"il pO"S1itis anld ioie has oinly to visit. Prospsrect HIil toi determimlne for oneselfI the wis:dom of eli But ti return ti the days of the old granary I et us pause atth tp of the t hif te steps to finspect the little laittding in which we find tiursIve. In a dimiiutive bookcase after thireat failed to weake his determlnlation tIo forsakte his piiesple peculiar thouasigh they might be, and trimi.his sturce of misery. Joseph Palmer lived in No Towi, a "gore" of unreclainmed land a sso t distance fr.m Fitchsburg amnd Leomimrstr. A ar large trat is this land had been granted hby the nrelital tGn.t in Colonial days ti a Captain Noah Viswell for his bra vey i repelli g the idians As thie gradsan of Captain Wiswell, Jseph Palmer inherited thi:s proper3t. WhIen Palmaer married Nanacy T iCney, vwho befiore herl first marriage was Nancy there was meeting house id No Town in ihich to publishl the baires a ccorinrg to law. Palimier, howeveer, whoi maight c, r TlHE te lt r always hbis daleo pcmtded upan tac dii sea aelllepgt r Aligipsal, efo uhlis theo this hamah mis insi s swi mavesay lay vwrmting thena sou m a soheet sfa sajaet whlirech lie affixed tss the tmtrsmlik iOf a puin tiree giros *ispg i wf t; e: oorn.ear Isise houi seh I rdeer hld thethat, litwver i se1 such2 a procehure maimphst ie, it did, ievere thre eas fill the reqluireamelts; ofa thei las Shacirtly afte I Iis sojsmurr ii is the WsrCester jail, 1ahlmer came uwithi Iis mifet to mu ivestigate thlls C(sTunmasiautsl _prE GARRET o~if Fr'llithaiin s, iherel ie hlaspehd Hee stept the Xisit childrSn, wit, althou as' s.u mre1 t:!s ii u re d twtc soul s' atsd e -aped qarterf', ii set sti ts ua i is reformss To the _ sisi Ad the tush rieerce madite as sh'e garct:'et b ts.ui sas that CtmXlmnlltmifity, as we have.lrt already l"it,isedt wte I sces: toIs, andlt sic i s ded st pat1,ls' ii rhits iss:' stleen, lie hablressi(.t. tOlglat mnauch fiue old 2 2a. frlanitiur fbnti his hIame iI No Tna ii; and h en1ever ainy- thing was nlieededal to facilitatei the naii of trh f l arl, as to r einaptil e, ihteltt,tild (tive oiter a Na aaari anad i returain aWitalh it. lit the sante bookcase awhic contains thlia account itof his at i er ajota in priseid o n;ia be l en the di ary in whic i Of a fnittastic sort oft crn- - anntlllity whic h a l lea cair tied Ieon for asoine tawenta' years a fter the aru I tlandl xp eriment hiad clag Cta aitias hetohli u jse 1C t ae laIl AlE'S RlM Ing to this book.aa Joseph Paa t niheta i laiyf ye, o all cto rs, 185,n the oldhin tv a//;,... N orth L eom met araveIairal has niit d mai nae naa' *t i o o nagraed th eis new 7of.man wihth a e f/ow n igeard, e'neat Old i /s w itte E Pr,,Iw h /[,I7ed "Fret lands e" but he' m anic fw here.....tudy wr teiFril lands" had tad oari su ch deep root that lo tlhig conld alteri it, and thus itt re mais tod atn i ar twsilg a a angh J(sepl Pa I ter ' r eat rds of t hidn Frland Coianl u t init t lae IatCl ill fi ita iitih lat is iltem)rnaatve and intar estiga for Joseph 1)alni te hads a d in t it nalit tt its eimprint on a1ll ha said t()1 dia In it te Ia ans a ta t h Ia tMrol and wti w ha ally W'ebber oftent appear. The first helangad to a awll-kIiow reformer wo a i tlla l frequeatly visite I alrier alnd at em published laItatisidraa l a ia iuiaIl n the sC ial staaller thla the )thcr fort the Cinvenlce f koa tlcns w i h ich she Idenv t ailed 1to arealize could nse drt larga a llae at wilh qa ll i comft frt. Jasepla Ialataa diad a tl a i a'r iglif ' Ia ar g a atailia 3 i87-. Int tahe (Alad tlr earig the Be arla We gather that jo hlse almer, tt oard tha edl tas t i', mulst have livedt alanle at Firutlatnds for onl the wall of te study where l did Is a letter wlhich he hastily scribbled iln pencil on the moiltigS lie suffer'edl a shockl urgently requesting lthat his s cotme quickly to him, as there was no) ane tcare fitr hitn. Leadiig abruptly Up trom this littIe ihall IS a short, steep stlaircase wlich every niaght the Alcott children cllnclbd en tleir waay to the atttc, vlrte they slept. Itw they mtaaniaged to escape seriously ilnjuringi their lieads agaiast its low-lping ceiling is a mystery almostL as aincomaapraehensible as ahow tlhrey slept here througl sulalmaer heat. otti'(wever, evenll at thelr ea'rly age the ty shwead tbeen ilaniletd wi tlh tht spirit of tideir enviaroniment for in sit of physical discomf rts t he only account of iglts il thae old at:ria comes from the peI (of Loui sa who si'ply said. "It raiedl wlin I went1 t nbed anld made a pretty noise oil thafe rof." Oilyt thel1 cdlock lwhich from its hlidng plaCae iii th1is selfsame attic, must hlave slared all thalr scarets, remains to tell us rt,or of thle ir clildtla ftit aad r cfldi h feas acd of lonferences aiared nder the a helterintag c baves tit it unfortuna tely refuses to) breakl siletice a23 Thcupoard are a numbe r o f books includinge t'*'tt 1,,r z iw lahalee '[.'r, hr a igan t, o f lifthe f iIh rul tinds iC t nihet a atsoii of Jostph1 s alalotnt re r of tahere and a)/ ~> M ' l idreratl red h w hii le a so of t o Sa n i t Spriag le, w ho uitu e iu lhc r;m /_ a t propeoty is preserve t Onf the walls tliet ltore. h 111 I arles Lanes big, )fornfftable fo)i-posterxl keyMis | 0 ttlj 4 btC is a tery sollicl ietmilenit: (f that oiirthy-, wlei an ll m lteaitlg emriiltiii of thce r l-nlilaolds ny (raliiiiiiiitf, whilo agaiiist thi wall neii tlie Al n th e wa lsghe lnihiley aS thouho il i -had julst fslared it Emerson and Bronson oth erei tsalIte ssly i ests his I opglish toas btl la. vi lAN't LANE'S I; lmiiay llettelirs and iianiistiips, lit in ltboh ftivg the mavliiy i.t s A N g 5 ailituiii i itis lohicht aPse rale ii a and'ht it, >, an gl1d Bipl t lei propel ty o nf ih u hl s ii iiv iats I!e1 Xs Ce ia its,Lai ooitd thae Shahets aft h illh Miss Stear has said, mtc:st apprp)ate that they su sliitd ifin ii p late inl hlis ioailol Aitiiiiiigh iupon first gaife it appears iathet usual, oe of lthe ifosfst intefestiog pieces f fulllitlure inl itLe rolsi is ail old wf(illl d ihest in wicc li iien was fortinetly stloetd lit Pey to this clhest i poldel os e:liugl, but the lockls Int ihi(h it fits is t li isS COtplpex, la ge arnd ingllerii)ls ctrixaiie tiat ole inoigit find in many a trilix1 )O thfe walls:f tie litthle hopedriu(o adjiirilrig Cliatiles Iaud s raroof are chixhihiftc(d fuittu leertu s i onten Friil iands. s fritl the pIs of Ca les l nael Rldph Waldo lnerson. allid BilfsIio Alcottt anld his daugtel ioisa at letitert has hbee plated in a cleverly designedt swiging larangeilitf hi lle iC as devi sd e bv- Miss ieas t, eirable the readel tto exalfite iin comfffrft bth ifdites of any iaitiis ript aiid at tfle sile tinio assure the etnlfplete preseervatiol if tle: dtociullet iiof thlese letters oilie all gltal thle inltiate stsry of thie hipts auld aspiatiois, tliii planis aid tdi1anlfs whli ii Ialite aiitl Aiotit elltraiiedt for lFiliflatids. On tle wall may fe stif pihotograpls of (iCharles Lante's two holies in England, together with a pictlrt i()f tlhe tonmlb whaici tlan s his final resting place in Hookh Ctemetery, l:lnglanid Their heautv alil expenlsivenscfs iiiakes one wonder how their ownel could suddenl havte beome s)o obilivlios to his pil si cal surroudings, butt it must be said of hirn that nto one at Fru-itlands lived up to the rules of the ittle Cl omunit ly molre scrupulously thlan hle. Returning to the hall again, where inside a little ctlset ot tihe left otne ca1 see the interesting hand-made laths, typical (f Colonial cotnstructioi, one passes o-er another threshold irto what is called "The niplastercd Rooni" It was reallv an enlarge passageway whiich was uted as a bhedfoo(lfl duriiig the dfas of tie Fruitlanclds experiment. Here are to be fouItd a a t ariy l articles onlce bielongirg to the mriembers of thle Fruitlands Communilitt. (flite tlhe tlivialitites cf life speakl; iost o1queiv! Thusiii 241 it is, periaps, that the s 1 t s r 1 y Nhha (ti it o I )itt nen wh " Iilc at1 Fuitianids and w ich, tini u ntasll fini nsh aost (e it I th f lltet exsa Nf t.i Al's knitting albilities; tle best lembroideed h ollar o(f:Anna Al:Itt (the "Meg" in "l:itlte aWometi) ac i nd a pictur1e of I i:Lis1a's rag Cdoll '"Joalnna," the pr)oduclt of her own itndustry, colnbliie to fturnish an inti ate atnd tangible link ith a mite past. TlIe (oId chihney seems to harbor a host of childish icmori. esfor t was ahere that joseplh P1i aler's lttVle grandchildren alwsavs watclhed for Sata Cltautts C/fistiias JIv tav, anid hlere onl the night before lhei birthdaya aas h iti Abba iii'lt tinv socIk. This roZm is a treasure hise of precious inalnlscriptls, includ1itlng lettaers from Emerson, the Alcotts, and a lmo)st inteesttilng o:e from Samtluel IBowet to Joseph PaIilter suggestintg the crelti Cn of another tFrulitlaids inl a warmer ctimate viere he wright -werk out to better advantage his belief that if n old: cast of e st t ackles of outer clothilig, oufe's spirit might soar morei freelt. T'Ihos i-terested may read here the very copy of the Zion's - er'ald/ which was so dilitgently anld copsta'tly ipored over by Aiargaret Palmer, mothRier of.}oseph Palmer, thlat she had t) meld (lne of the sheets with her teedle and thread to keep it intact. A bieaitiful tiiaiigany table, on which is l ow exhibited the silk bonnet of AMirs. Pratt ('Meg's" mothern-inlaw, wlho used to v',isit Fruitlands) Iwas anotilther of Joseph I Pal mer's Iotributions to the Community, 1 2) I while the portrait above it shows Mrs. Pratt in the very bolnnct 6exlhlited bcki. Ithe peculiar little bag and the bundle of tracts exhibited in one of the shiow cases were the religious tracts used daily by Nancy Palmer and carefully kept by her in a bag made from the skin of an ox's heart On the sane shelf lie JospIt Pailher s moneybag also madle from, the skin of an ox's heart, and his wifes flax prepared by lier for spinig. This same room shelters precious first editions of louisa Aecott's and Blronson Alcott's boolks together with a c f lr grr a copy o h arigr, a periodical which treated of BrFok Farm, Roxbury, the Community at. Northampton ald other similar experimrnts in phalanstery, as associations or communities founded ont the Fourier theory were called. These, we may imagine, were eagerly perused and discussed by the imembers of the Fruitlands Community, who w ere deeply interested in all attempts at a communistic life, were they ever so novel. A letter from (George Riplcy, founder (of Brook Fiarit warns all whio care to be advised of the difficulties to be encountered in conducting an experimient ii communistic life. A ptphotogah of Samuel S. Greeley recalls to our minds the young man who, fired by the enthusiasm of yrotha rather than led o(n by the rue te lier light, came to join the Community at Fuitlands. Upon learning, lhowever, that his bed consisted of straw scattered upon the hard fi)or of this roori ald his breakfast of a variety of grains chosen with a view to improvement of his mental rather than Iis digestive powers, he departed after a forty-eight-hour trial. Photographs of Brook Farm, of "Ruins of Phalanstery," fromi an oil painting mlade at Brook IFarm in I846 and of Colonel May, Mrs. Alcort's benevolent father; a sampler by the Alcott girls; a letter from Louisa Alcott to Miss Annie M. Lawrence, in which she recalls the incident of her mock marriage to the little Gardner boy, as well as an appeal signed by the three Alcott sisters ad addressd d "'t['o the Collector of the 'Towln of Concord, I are further reminders of the life and activities that once ismsparted to Fruitlarnds its peculiar charm. Margaret Palmer, the mother of Joseph Palmer, lives on it spirit in a little rooim leading off from the one wea have jut ess ibed. e stastnds ieer bdsead, regarded by her as one of her most cherished possessions aind kept accordtingly, with the greatest of care. The cradle standing near b:y is the very one which 1rocked seven generationss of Palmer's descendants. On the wall appear 'vari(o)us doicu menits containing Nasncy Palmer's signature as well as the will of her first huslbandi, who was Pabier is the legalj exse'icictir cf Iis namedis Temrpc. tlere, tooii is also ci adhr d l.idorlsg msaity dtldr ideas tto: I~~HARB ORING A F CLDHOO the ridi cule of teir day expri nts i chirlress s scollosih-iss Usbelievabah als it naiy appear to us stioaci MIr. Aleott's belieI it the desis ibilitk of saisitary place, its which ts study adI ThiARld replce a roST OF oice Iyed theO Pale r ant lot La jority wh dicuavle ef stheos tg;aem Tihi ttldfireptac'", around which itu(:t' played ihu Palmetr an d ltt Ia t t w s hiurs ci lu iti te lthildre/l is 'zS graceud by portraits and mniiltiios oi ti/i sar h ta e p sci ith '"L hirt'tle so men," X selves reluctant to accept new ideas. [ 2~6 I Jf ~l-itls!,_,;%ljfI R I'K, a THE MARGARET I 'A1A.1E.R dlIscixie I tho prgII of hi ari lipitxex Commniicxti b It it wa s t ed wie drv w t lie x1,t i afte to ()ccntpy as phel ver tlh Aorlutr tha depature b i i (ouf rmatiof thci members oItl f tlhe if i iiun Iiiii t left it xxacxnL ice now rliemai ns bulnt dox rm to ia viosit and that, peihllaps slhouldl alxavs be saved until ti le laste for it was lat ei tit o(if tile geiltiUS Wlo fsteie tslcr t pe t ri l i f FI' tll ialnds. It wr i t lg this r()c thai i rtat the a lclixtg c nitie toige thrx i xith ils Wife aild childreix, Wit h igh hlopes flo the lsuces o (if his experimendit. It wasi her that h feriest plut int piractil Ins MsigA al tirli idearns fe- ori a Ne Erlten, wxere ithe liee fir- ths 1 tin uN rope itadf, c (orfpr ~i srit h idolarses n anl d such sordi cnisixix eci l,ed,,i a fo tic b li tri e. Tilriui,'xo fthx:uu greatestd poeduca:oos, ahd/f: the road/s eg tha xii x w ias t) be e adlcatxx i It wits liee tilat hle one la c.icsixh i h urotgtrdit a ii uirscussel tile' Tplc i)grT ss f tilt Ccx)xtian x u r t iret r, tt iel th l' i r l w th a l,tl lix i J liott afio'/ eh /je hr arlso is her lacfg ra cap aoews nightly w itel his evoteld wifx drawing, xx t ip' iglofi her eril fte tr te dfht - inomintexits of despair, nex hope firom ld x /Tn t Ctow:' hird h on(efiTdi oxe' abit on In coiurageoius, practical ou eri tliook li e lr t he lifr il lwhlli she lad si ittle fait. And here it w as tlt his beau tiful ldria l came to a pathet i close anld ixl tihe face (-f anrl albsolutel xy lrpty fulttre, he lay d:wn uli tl e l bied aind turninlg tlis face to w vardi the j all, st ruggled with limsxelf t nd a fighat which lhd lipxed too terrile for him. Ilis New i lilangd con lciencei hliwever, ctpixle wit tle uniselfish loiyalty apnd dxewx otiii xf lxfhi: xxxii )Vxle tiX miuc fix ilvi aplxnd althl(lugih deatlh sexnmei thle onily way (x11t afte'i tce days oi f disillsioiiin n t,l s metxicting e(ventu xtlly stirrIe lx hxinI, and one mnorinilxg NIrs. iAlc)tt visi ted i thim ) i find t lhat tle cup of s)cari int tea whlichl shle Ilever faile d tx) placce blsitcl' hIlis bed i ha foxr once been) draiinedi. Thllxus, fnie of the grieatest educatoiis thle xorld has ever klxix-x a truei geniuslllis b'ega axw his struxggl' ito dope witlh the medicrxity of the lie ali ot fhim. Mirs. Alcott's w iirkbasket stands upron the bureaui, toxgetlher with I losa's litile wtlrkbolX lierl also, iis er lace cap and abovre it hallngs lxf po(traxit a slhe appeared lxn ixi'x latter years weatixng the sxelfxsae cap. x )On tlhe wall t)y the bed is a particuilarly fine wiatcer coi:r painted lb y May t(igctler with several x of lxer ipeilx dirawings, inclux - lixg onlle of lher fatlhcr, nre f tile Old Manilsi at Concolrdi axid one of Tioreai u'xs C(xabin xn L x;lx Waldei, shl pifw Itig Tlorexau i s lx tixiat at the filiot cf tile patli. 'Il'ere is also a Vc'lxx filxe xiatxricxlxix (up) f8 fa Tlr Ixcxier, whxll xx mtasterx ixliidetally RIxSkixl hlimsxlf s aid shel copied wixh grxeat fidaliixt. Here hanrgs the last photographl ever takexn of Louisa, xWlxhichl shows lel o Nit A tl W ichusett ix copaliy th hler frietxd, James Mxx rdock, thle great tragedial. O() a little tabtle stands a bust of ILouisa, while oil the wall is a letter from her to a friend regardinig her sister NMay's death, Mr. Alcott s carpetbag, Which he calied Ion his vxarios journeyis his spectacles, arnd a lock of his halir pasted to an originaxl poextx Wrlttein to it by his diaighter Louisxa whxox picked it up frim the hearth 'aiftxer he lxad beelxxix trimmxxinxg lixs lonx gray locks, are intimate little rememrbrancess f an ideal famlyv lifec ' "ilarrnie's" lIalup still stallds iwhre it always did, ani d on tlih' table cloxse by the Iz71 NMR AND MRS. ALCOTTI S BEDROOM On the litte tabli bebetwee tie ton oninldolzt.v iiiZeoo eseFt in e Irs. Jlcott'o loce apr nelliel tlroul tie wldto one aoe co enesi' disceen the old mutilberry tree weliel the noeobers Oof thne little Frnuitloads co orol-ity plaeted it' tIl43 ThIy lhoped that the euIltre of eilkneorns weould solev tIe problemn of makintg garmeoto for th1oselves without aoy neneniicee of tleir prniciplene It 00s itl this roon tiat Broteson 41lott etrlavored to end hie deyx ald thus erase from. his eSolulin biltleroeye wnhicth tine filure o tie Fruitlandls cxpenrineot had bred therer -*^S^SrS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~q^^^ SS^~~~~~~~~~~., "-^=~^SSS^ ^. bed is her Bible. Its condition hows iXlV 1 1 conlilstanltlv she mi-nust a savsought inspiirati u and comfoirt frorm1 it.:O) the other side of the bed is the qiilted ilhood slle tiadet for lerself. It speaks mlilor e eloqluntly thai l pilerhaps ai ln tliilg else o(f thie discomlfo rt she suffered whle. 1 sdulrii the bitter cold of whittcr the oodaclsuhe od san gralary were practically eridpty. X isit I)f. i thle fCliinels dcsitc for the lliestcs (If a lhollc (of her ((wn5-a desire wls hich icillsidlyit I i, she was never to haves fulfilleihd is pilimpsedl iI the small, presfi-bandsdis white clI iii tsieaicp is altIcel, 1hIIcih f1OrrieId a rt of ier breakfast set, asnd her cakse dislih, slhis the 1sel(t doill hangs her little black silk apronf ailnd her bst black embroideredi shawl. H1ele are tlhe children's undaerwaists, n wlich she iavishced T/ n i t)5 r Wl - i so much of her fine needlework and here, t(o, pl.,id mnes i "(./m" is Mr. Alcott's collar and his waistcoat, witli isv,/a (5'(5u, ',,5 U; onice bultuton(I Ilaissing. 1i: ckS (of I Ilisa Alictt's to( s ha ul 'i1 al/ thlI nsAl 1 e)el and Auiiia Alcstts hair are framied aind hang1 "," /nhaf (t1^ mil siot.) upon the wall. O()n thle rnantel close b1 is o(e last pathetic ireminider of Mrs. AXlc(tt, w1ho per lhas il her (owni tway contlributel d molrei than any otiher personl toward keeping the IFruitlandss Commni iiiitsv t ogether so Ihis is her ptirse wilth its meagre contets, icluding a slip of paper iI I loiisa Alcot 's own halnidwitinig, which reads "MothlEr's plrse -just as she left it." In th1)se wo(rds "Just as she left it" oine finds the keynote of tli siuccs s f f tthe restoration of Fulands fr in every a at iat 1as p ssibl, M iss Sear s Iad(.s e av-,ed to keep thle old holuse j tust as tlhe ie(tmbers of tile Flitlands C)I ( immutlity left it. iiahough somre objects hae bceen iarlaedto to) at thlse lays ale l- e tle e 1C( hi -ays w tihe C(IllSociate Famnily" occupieid Fruitlands, all ar te of saiie ile period anldi have betee itncliidedi (only ibecalusi e f tIithes close ass)ciatiol witih some membeir of the Communtity. This faithlful pourtrayal (f tlh per iod is whys tlhi most iiidiffles t visitor sises S in' spite (f hiimself, tile spirit of tlhe placs s-catcheus hiimsel p1esivliy fingering Bronson Alo tt's icrud little ilikwell, looking meditativ ly around the ol(d kitchenl whe there Mth Alcitt tried to stifle gieatr problems ty bus1 yig lerself Witli simallr o(iIs, (or listsii ig, as once did earlier visitors to Frulitlands, ti hear s the philos phers w11} ilparted to it the inidefinabI 3le c tha t liigers there today in every n(oolk and cranny. l29 I 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t:~)1 01,1) SHAKER IltOUSEii I ON PROISPIECT 1 1,, 1 AIRVA,.MASSACT\lUETTST 01.,1:, O I S^( T - to P^ il I,, by r.. fJ Se; Thlic haitdic, the aIedSt hcca1e i l t a ttl' Har/arS ak e i r. tae I a c Sear "mccc the c/ueer cctag cccstct iece oth r t s r e t c ti e ltale hoac e refic it that "heirfIcteri!Uw 1,eharacice cc cit c c.ifa n'~ l. SIIIKER I[OUSftE V rlTF cklse to Fruitlanlds yet far etnoigl aoway to( siwo its uttr ind pendcletce, Q stands a deitire little house, c l its dtcss of tlodesi ctay,1 till its slitnii g v j windowpanes, its strdy little fence, its queer oetagonal posts which, i tshot rhlymne or reason, seemn to block every entrtance, as Gt, as its general appearance of cmpactness, the snug little ltuse breathes an air totally diff-et-t f itirom i iietigitr, Fruitlands. Almost immediately th n most cas ual isitor senses the f tali y and the well-ordered quality of the lives of its occupants Indeed, werei irl t. ot rtc queer octagonal posts and an elusivre somnetling, otle would say to roneself, STl1 le live sensible convrentional folk," and promptly dismiss the subject. But one doesnt do quite that, and only he who knows the e t story of this little gras hous appr ciates why it refuses to be dismissed so peremptorily. Like Fruitlands, the little gray housei sheltered ain experiment in C muistic life; but, unlike Fruitlands, its inspiratiotl and ftotunder was a wc)tman- i -vMothlr Ann Lttewho was in many ways almclst the atittihesis of Bronson Alcoatt. The wirldc srl me say, has become more tolerant with the passing years, but even todra one dotrs if Moither Ann Lee, with her strange prophecies and visions, would find it ian mot wiing listen than it was iIn I774 wheni havlinl g sufftered persecution s, se wit her littlti' baltd of followers, boarded a vessel bound for America. 301 The st or osf AIlotiher niln's vii;a e and her settlclemnt in tle wilderneiss of Niskaylua (\atervliet), near Albanv, N..:,of her hn1swcrvIlg faith; of her wanderings over the eountitrSde. evAer seeking the answer to her dream, as well as the tale of the fulfllmenot of this dream at MHarvard3,?assachulsetts, where on11 a aftetroon i iin J une 1781, she arrived at the "Square House" and laid the fotndations of her faml us Societv iof Shakers, r all vi, idly related inl "(Ieainings froim Old jShaker Jo rnals," Y Clbary Edicottt Sears. There Will no1t he manl, if ifnd 1 any ho will vever be able t1 trt as sympathetically and intirmate1 (of tllhe hakhris oa. s \ lis Sears s Long ret) arde amiong Shakers as rone of theii i r e frien ris in thle n wo "-"lD11is t; lt desvlecl all wlo( were nolt of thlei r elief- f\iss S aits h ririgs to her aii s ant hoi the Ilalttage of a cotiplete lunderstatiding of Shaheker tiianleirs a1itd customs. The sC^)pc (oif the presenit workl doCs not pelrmi t of any molre detile'd acconllt f tie6 Shakiers, or Sorciety of Shaking Quakers as they i were first called, bcyold the mere fact that Manther Ann claimedr: thlat ish did find the sal ie faces ahotl ler i nll iarvard as visited her iii her dre when in Elad and, intertpreti g thiis as a divine symbol, she decided ti settle in Harvard. She, too, listened to the same spiritual cea11 that lhad drawn so mnany othlers to the little town on tlie hillsie Rand, lilke thrs, responrded to its intangible beautv. As if to justify the siimple faith of that dear 1old Shaklir lady whii once tollr her "that not hig thathatas goe btefore is lhst... "n i Seias bes gan1 9 illn 19h2 l wrk of permanenitly preserving thle story of the Sihakers of H arvard, Massachulsetts, so that future genteratiotls migiht glimpse the strange bau ty of their lives. Wa e'rii(ig tthrough A BIT OF SHAKER LIFE In Sith cssart y teflly ied irX fsigures, bv mtto vofi w h Mis'os Sears has so artistically recreated the Shaker t ifs of other days, the Sihakers of old tullttod are realisticalsly preservedjor all itie. I31 "\. the cdeserted Siha ll r XVillagse of isHairvard today, where each xhouse stands a spectrc-like irelider of /TYPICAY "SAKE FtR"he past, the bgirss ri applsecm at ihle x-albls of Miss Sears esi(forts __fis pat/orm, it_. its g u i r, is;/u. a J[ tp ' i ts foun; zin / toda" threatens to Stie at their S a e illag so few sii a wli n iii. If. ais c ii lls w 6 siratos oalla vi s sie o listen fa*iatn tale'S11. Een the ston. steps and flagged walk which l e t o. oi us Iera 11si b1 fis sSed affois ilite ta}il of b nxn nae ilisir hs oipoai rtiu:s in i ] aiyard iseei da ssad s of thi pasi xflixx se s o s T5afr iaet W se cw pleawlaly itrneyed iis si ei: crass on rdst ialsi ofw Tlis plt.i g sr, w ith, ei/-, &, v ir oro r sli plegf is o t npCic1 of thof fatu il inl g, l c tsdad tlhlearteIS te stifl at tleite 1 h ere. cfni i s Iu t ar use d biyr. ii I, i e v i t whi s*n ves t isc st * hr St i /iaisai n,'I,d th xs ery i it rs. Shaking r Jouser lea d to much jecturing. Whqf theyr a thR becomes apparS ol y when one reali zes tat. wough i Shak.. socie l n t ies bo sexes i to -rate rnti se, t hCe do not/ marry. These carriage steps periaited sistnrs to a light from thuir horses or carriages without the assistanc e brthen. Altloug- both sexes balinlarecd ill t ts ncilssarflliols in thlo r m g arvowed Shnt e insllide sothe little sc n. a i l away asd j try nd rto ct is tliw ltrder and Pr ecision hof hes live s fuled thar. sxulO tt righ t wlls h ang portra its lif tso e ol tiho c oi e o t Ifan stus Ieldersy ya tr iisaiss a di onfl aidrl stop to listi, whil ake r c omm nities lls a t pIcal. i He f an Sfa iontig talherton, who siie k een financi al ilged wa stut eness d taccomplis thed so uchs gtoward placinu t Shakers on a strong found Mation. Nt far aayt ma be seen Isp p ictu re of E lijah Myrick that brilliant, e.gti greatly bteloved elder who, i la. ler savesal wih ias t tIe Sht inttio Siett, w.ti nrt heles so iaial-ad tvsd as tio enter te stolic LaT'eyotio wis nva oxroelasly rcoveSred foms tiiiiiesexxaxixislo l eoslaoxomxis, sin neemed aosf ias axxcii follo w Irs i t t ho i er i l ii i ir i lifng whic h they r ad not w ke. iiTran sacti t> oiiliy wxxnill xxxls 1salizhiss tllhat tlioxigl inl Sixt'klf r xsoc-ilstius blothil soxi s iIitrt lIll 7u tliiv x si run it ry. nxai i ' lisi saxriagf x stip,5 p t-nixttuit ii SiStils to) alighIt fiiiii tieixi h orseis -r c 'Tsis,;hll tl the assistanclie (.) ll-) flethr el xi sax ilgs s xl i of t *iii I is ii xiii si. i 1x i x ns * iiiiln II I n a ix fsi ip aim1,i ilty as wis xitcsl I tilna eix x or(xxik, aLxi tliiLr xlxixmllg xfaisi firxined of ay in s in the l s tocktl ari lll im s in t ret arilo, of cou rsei.l ha ve tlet with heril ald pproval.si cif dent li it is i nte re tii lng to oser e gt al ias long taits fh Sihake s l ive s cruulously elds rs aisdi elisiess aS is thi ladlers of Shkerfal co(xtnilnlllitits wxie chllLed. Hei e langs Silonlt A\thi t-inll, xxhnxsO Issn filxhxllii xll, senlse axld s SticitnrliSS xis i oiiu plisihXisd si, xxiillil toiwarsd placing tilei Sakes ll s onil a staonxg fiullnat-ion. Nut far siaxa myllx hs siin the phictlre if Lija'h Mlyriick, txlat blriillatit, eiolit, is u iftillxc h'ixs 'elo IsId 'ld lx- lwxi oii iatxis dfay, xwith thle iesi f hr iixltexfii is, xxss, nox'l'maxrtixless, s x illsdvi sed as ti en x Iter tixi sto I maaklxet aiid th s iss fir thei Siakisers ai stag:gxin axililnui sf tif ir halxxi-xs saxed saipngs. T'ha Slsikexr nsTevir vi seally is iixst-Xmod ftoii thiles' lCmi s' xxhlxicii seeslltlx allolSost as x chlastiseimex t x fi- breaxifg plxe if thoe Cofirniallrds nif Mlottlles Ii\x1i, w1o ilxxaxs CautioneCdInCi hler foililow rs to i snnsinti 1itixixis ts iis on fixi' lx i i l xi si ii 3n3ar tiouns nif aix kixid xx tixe stois I as r t i x ud -oi, nu cour ix ias.ii xiii hlir approxxal. IfcidenltalTyy i s is nlterestinig tmi nfases'o tlilt in S long 'is thle ShlLakers xlxxd scl xllpiloissly 1321 ulp to Nltlher Ainn's pcrcepts tphey prosperedl utlt let thloe dcviate ever so slight yI fun them, and luisfolttune seemed to overtaik themi. XAmnoag tleh other portraits in thl little entry are those of IEdeirs 1 John Osbo() ri, Jr., iand John WhlitoelV, l tothehr lczcira R. Newton, Eldtrsses CatlheriM Walkeri, EXllI and lI.oisa (;teenl, ()live Iiatelh alll Nl aia Foster, and Sistr aia Jo itelr la elder r both tle ho arBuiai ad Shirley Shaker Villages. H1s coat hanger still haugs on a pc in tlhe CutrI, id hfromll its unique1 sllape lone is led to wondlcer if it wei-e of is oC11 ilicvlot ion. Cerltaillvl it belars the marks of Shaker ingernity and manitifactlure. Almost osne of the first thilis that conilfronts te visit 't to tlie Shaker I Hous which, incidentally, was the oldest one inl the settlement atl ialvard, is Ia sign bearinipg tlie Iucssage "l iPulic N eeltillgs Closed."t It recalls to tnind tlie chaI1 ge that gradualllx ciamie1 over the Shakers who, as the years passed t xcI ald e l a of mystiic symolisml t liat lad spread -over the ciuntrit subsided g'lradutally witlhdrlew it llin tilmsel, s. Isstelad f takingi pTlcasulr in shorwiing the iwrld the enthlusiasmi and sinlclrity witlh whichl thC)y performed their acts, they ckosed their dol>ors t t 1ie pulic, as if to shlul otit all ridlicule, and perforlmed their ritual aru1lig theluselves. Althlollghi thle otiutward( firtiI oIf ltheii religion remainecd the same, their zea aand ientllsias g1iraduallv waned, as if thli slpiit had passeld in, leaving themr lethiiargiic andiI clipclh ie f sustalilnil tie 11igli nlot tlialt had beeln struck in those halcvon days. Abxo(ve thiis signl I lhlgs Ia calrd aliddiress';e "TI All Whom It. May Concern," and whilch contains thle "Novitiat C(iovceaiilit" of thel Shakers. A. perusal of this C oveant, whict icl epitomiz.es thie ipriticl foi und'atiis iiupol w1hich thle Societv restel d and utlinies tlh requirements for mtembership inl tle Society,', sheds liuch lillt ol the plrinlciples tI upo whi sh il Slxia Sr sciaeties ciwe frlounded aide fio si taiirly years 01 (urisiehicd. m Icr(o it ie learn i that in "()sidieratii n x i t of the lilome privilegehs iand m embershc'cslip, comfortable pi' rlisions of food, cItxlxhiuig allnd care exteniiet d in sickniess," a peris(li desilouxils of becominisis a rimeiiber cf thie Shak e re S*oiety is(lelliyl and con'lcientilously plrmises CoVc'lxclitiS alld agpleesc that lie or shie wvill ilnever xtirldcc aln ci culmiStancSc direct.l or indircctly, bring aiy chargies for debt or damages, niorc have any Claim or demand wci al asoiev erx agai-pxnst tih ''Truistcs, niior against tie Sicietv ir ains micrclcr ocr members thiereofl nor Icquireii any accoulllt of any illterestl or rcmunc ati ficr laboi or) services of aTiy kincl lse orx slhe lhavxe orc may perform at aily timet for the aforcsaid Society or ainy lticmbe r i nlcellctc cs t1icex(f."' It also states that Inembors ccill t) thc best x(f thlleir ability "cedeaivir- to c(-ortiflxtn tox the rules, regulations, by-laws arid atltlhorlct3 osf tlhe saidl I.. ALLWAY Th1e1 sz.ig "lu 6Ziz- PulcM etings Closegd" T'S a stilenlt but SicietW"; and that shoLld it s ioul it e deemiccel l x/ueixt r d.,er fff pd.Sh*ker dru. So "IlC"G"Lc I~Ssa*'y vi* sl:fors soughi the peace arid tuiet seelusion o* iieoessar fr thie p:ood of thte 'Soloet that a Shaker vii llgei /that thii /hk w* c.i... -/ioe f member withdraw, lle or shte "Iws ill do so at,1 xiu ru*zes govg,,-h tohe geit, ii.ueu ileusi/ wuiZle once peaceably, onr beiig notlfied b I thst e E ithi/ ld / /u/eurs puluuxr..f the;,~ore/fambu. eJder.s an e eldres'rei of the /arzwmrd of the Socilety." Ad let it It o remembered Sihr cilclar. 1331 i'H~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I MiOTHE'iR ANN'S ROCKER ' In the aorner of this room filled wi th Shaktr relines sta.'n s a little old rock/'er, the only tangi/ible nen?' ntlo o'f lotfi r J in Ln ee the founder of the Society V f Shakelrs. to tlie credit (if thle Slhakers lthat so scrutl ulously didi they live iui tL lihe tel'iits of 1heir belief that their name became symb(lic of thrift, integrlity and silceity throiugiit i lthe co ru11try. It imi's be remctibet rd hatl Ill Shakers were divided inti) thliC classes, cal led Families. The first r Novitiate FaCily, was compoiised of all pro bationary niemibrs. 'IThe second, or iJuniolr Family, co)ltal ind all "who h ave c)mne into tlhe olrde' ndtler thel same covenlant as the Novitiate, but untrammrrlled by the tiebarrassments of the miatrimolial class and are tlhus enabled to ideote tlheimslves more freely to the furtherance of spirituality in their ownI lives, and, in consequence, receive greater enjoymient which comes friom the feelii that they aire ione step further advalled toward perfect Shakerism. " The third, or Senior Family, is composed of all those who have had sufficient time and opportunlit practically to prove tlhe faith of Shatkerism, and who are prepared to enter freely fully ant vilaril into a united and conlsecrated interest. "Tlese covenant aind agree to devote thiemselves andC all they possess tro te service of Go)d and the suppor( of the Gospel, forever; solemnly promising never to bring debt or damage, claim or demand against tlie Society, or any ilmmber thereof, (for any property ior service they may have devoted to the use and purpose of te institutilon. To enter this oirder oif peirfte Christianuity is the aiii antd eld of every trule 'conver-t to Shakerism." Thus it was that the Soci.ety Wcas fouinded oni a very-l dehfinite aind practical basis wherein the spiritual and practical minigled harmloniously; flr in the words of MIother [34] A\ri, " learts were to pray withf, Iauds to tork ixit." s tiole passed, to le;it.ls the r t.e )lhazard methlods of Mofthecrl Atl's day gave way to a militavr orderlinhess for which the Shakers will ever be rememll bered. The plai of their villages, the architectlure of their lhouses, their habits of liviX g and evleu their hours of worship \ere all reg.lated e Irule. The new procedure Iundoubtedly did tmuch to strengthen their iorgaliat io frort a material point of view, lbut.ufo)rtunately b stifling the sponitaieity of their religious imputlses the spiritual fire butorned low. As a visitor 6to a Shakel houlse it seems iapp()opt riatI that one shoullld paIuse to read thle notice for the perusal of visitors, poste)d "in contseqiconlc Of tle inCreasing (lamount of comtpany"t to which the Slhakers were "at ill times sub1ljCt." 1 'tindcr tlie hlcading "Rules For Visitors," tlle Shakers remphaticall) slat.d, lesl s mnte aiis undestatding arise, that they did "Jnot kee a Public House" alld, tllhretfo*re desired that sira.tllgers should observe their rules as strictli as those of any privtate family wholise h11spitality they might enjoy, quaintly adding that th they ter "xilectci to pal if accommodlt ated." Another trle to which gi ests at the Salr Sr ett lelments were subject rleqliretl that they "rise for Breakfast at half past six in lthe Sltumter allnd half past se'vel i tlle l inlter" and also that all married persons occutpy separate sleeping apartme(nts. This list riliing was t"not to bhe delpartel from ulnder any circumtstance." T lie frugaililty of the S hakers is evinced in the admronitior to guests, that, tlhllghl they Wiislhed all "to bc as free ais at. home'" they disliked the wasteful halbit of leaving fioo )d:o the plate, addinig fliat "no{ vice is with us tlhe less ridiculous for being itl fashi)n." So cleanl atni ilililiaculate were their 16houses, and so eXelelently prepated wtas their fo Id, that thle SIIiakers achieved an enviable repitatio( wiich drew many stiratigers to their icounltullities ii search of lotgiing and hospitSaitiyi. llThoise Wlho) laV e eCvedr Aeeti guistsp of the Shakers wiii tell tif the exe lledtu tineals thley sr wedrv astud of thei sifigre, kianll te h coitte iticipli tiheya alt' aws extetlded to thos(ts whi) sougit shtelter. Close by thle rtles for gtuest s is aiotht l card lateleel "Ta1Ie Mon(lit.otr,' which iII IS I I hItig Itt thur \lusitius Dihilirg Rot)(t tif a f Sand height. It is nterestng to note fr t hat t hee Spt apprliprtately scilndsi this key it iof the tJfae. at rticlie ii,tie wiods, "eal lie I th ilt t i I i aguitetut that rematin thhat utettitutg lie lust Ihiths did if everyi xp tife! t (l l rile aI ti ilu s i f g peo hang sotutue Intuerestinug ar1d val X tle 5 'elletusu liltheigraphl s shoeintug i"he Sitakers sear Iehsatuitutn' 'Thr Shakers DanCinag," sad i"T'le H!Ime (if tr e Society of (dutustuan Blieeveus, Viulgarly Called Shaklers, LivvilugstlII Cuttirty N.Y," This last_ lithoegraph depicts tite rtany huldinigs wSehichl comtposed the Hisie anld thlchi were devtred _ to rthe ilndiustrues for hich itlle Shakiers were falased. A photog-raph tof the Shiaker Cemletery STHAKtER IAxNRlsirFArl1 at Esnfield, Coulsiecticut, shsows rot) after r)wi SItlts tct prnttcy,ssrshtttg tt5s pioalts' too a.lfby Shtaers, it sthe sinty pilture f ao of grasestusles all exactly tte t asrte ii deesigul (stg pt n ethch haoa s ni t iwatl o tIhet ataoe that asld hIeight. It is iuiteresting ti t nute that the laitoaa atitit m. r wa t a y a g % 1 t otititititrt note r Shaekr brothegr ife WaJd11terviTd1 t and if Staid 6r be the first onl y exceptistn to thlis rule is il rihe case of tel p I ptn r marnkatrdt, [ j 5 MAIN RO6M E 6 OSEM is a re liothe l arion, sliise stnoall 6'Thir r'm is mos'}6 inte t t''-x l tthe S eisior w i eery t atn a6t,,,,,r,6'6' lW qztcer ~oodr~/, 16. /a l atiel/iet \ N. ~'+ ix abonut' foota y tw... i1e haircludin rtz~he l preses,.xh e all pai igdhe h s hi les higher t ai tin a y o other. in, andlitn evicty.thing i kept pin the r th e tri leg of the mo t etry there arc twet large pxsredss reachind er of one past ssich the little ihonse holds. It is lor the size of line1i whas hli other has drawers of a,ogre variete oo this desie ei, makiig it prepared to receive ajything. E ach is a model of perfect craflsmanLship, || j ~for ~it was a maxim o~fSlthe S h a k nex that aything worth doing was wrt doing well. insenition, thel lit tle giray hOnse MAIN ROO-rnSHiRis iOS Eti is a rvietiCii)1i foi tIre is met aI Rather than aitterpisling to re i aisor l thc materis I a l as Frci tlatnds and so it ni otherai w i gt r et, atcludg t Ce tall prses, t pst d ipatint ce, st o thati ech maigh cvidemlt e S helal tlhrift hTo qufrote ft rom Miss SpeCars's book, r Glanngs Saoukr oinril Shaker Ia fc rs ite e caisr ch d t ithe r atsi wor al r itie is te ttr and igcnmtyd r e i ofi 3, Ia ttee sroley t) tahe l pfts cf the itrtly there are twso 1erge pItssos rlealching ali)st to the ceiling. ite d(IantC s of one of these presses are of iit ifii lli sizo, appiareiitly ltindeti fua fr tire StOillln Ol liifiel, ibetreas tfe Other is raei of a t eat vr iet c of siz s TIle tlesigini ev ideliltty selie red ilI ralking it prepared tio receive anyythii Ig. is I iodtl if pr ft tCcftsmanslip, furp vas a nixini if Ci l ci t te S oaes that aiythiyig sWrthI dii se srtli wll. Rather tlell attemp tig t rise a. le t Bisoalutiier einterpries did t.hey l it l d ie doilig t str itlallel ter al t hiie s teacnh tha Sdhakei ism, ins teet of i/: attiddig l axelhy to S the spir it nal nelessities oaf saii f)or only one raeyes in o seveng ares fabr eid snppl' l t all I aiis te ip ai skll, as smelfl l.6 as tpirit tal fiitatt, all tlhe sevse days of tIhc cl;k"x the pr perty (if Olive Hlatch, sWlsh) shared the l:Ongesity sr ComenliII aniuoig Shlers- by liviitig to the age of osne li-nLidredl; the sturdey ~,~ tl~ t > 1 1ttJ >i 6 v nA BIT OF S \AKER FRUGALI7'Y littr le ih inve iontll a f it f i er1 f. Br3ttler in Waterv iect, N.Y., is in x,/ hh tx / Sha/ er. f urit, s:,hed ' t'heir x.s. E xr ti, i t,l/' tetsl t tdfroom is plta<cd /hrr 'r-oin th: l qi: iana rather:han t/x: decorfdat7v poin~t given credit, are silcat i est - Ce vi:-v. 0h tti10a w(/l,,o' b:e.,:.,aflsp.I e/ th/ Sxhixixeri' lnolmials of great michanical skill. tutie-/xttalhxre'x indtlus/try j( | liE K IT CEN A "C(opy )of the Iirst 3Covenlant of lhe Cllhch of tle rcligi()ous Society of Cltistialns commornly called and iknown in lthe \orld by tlhe nlame,of Slhaketrs" da1ted 1797, ald a j ropy of the Now T' estalmenct vlitftel withliot a flaw, to(gethlr with fragments ()f rma nuscript and several manuscrilpt music books, fornishl l ampln 1vide of the Shlaklers exquisitely fine penmanr3shicp. An oil painting1 g of the Shake ScttIlemCntl at Stabbatil Day Iakie in Maine gives a hin lof the v1o sa'iliy o f the ii 1r accomrplishmentsll while an elabi)rate "Chart of a Spiritual C-ommunication Receivted and Recorded by a Shakel," as well as hymn booIks in secret code allnd many nicely-pIlrased letters anid verses, refute the false tlbut somlewlhat prevalent idea tlhat the Shakers wcere ig(norant folk. It is tI tlo that tiher fiei l funder was illitferatie alci thlat t.he eomplasis inl Shaker societies was placid on things made by the hanld tather thanl onl pr(lodlcts of a litearyI nlature, 1but not)hing cotild be fart ier frolnthe llthl t ihe sttatentth thl ste at Shak ilers were not edlucated people. In regard to the hmn b(ooks of the Shakers, it is interesting to note tlat all tlchir music notes are in a (cde, the key to which has either been lo(st or kept secret, so tflat the code promiises to die witil the Shlakers. In thits same room to t1he left of the entry we find just 1one reminder of Mother Ann in tlhe form of her favor)ite rocker-a queer but comfo rtable little affair with its sturdy, sawetd-off lrckers. Of course lhere is a picture of the Isaac Willard lihouse?, where Mother Ann and lher Elders first spent the night at Harvard ard whicr Gleneral Lafatyette was also a guest, but som)llehow it does lnot bring Molther AnnI as 1ea11r to on1e as 37 HERB ROOM, *SlArER NEATNESS n1 th is r(noom, t a tOja e tohe i mmaulaCte kitchen, the The bottles in neat arcra o, the cloiset ( shelves, the Shakers groldi tiheir he"rb. anl ixedd /i,e I varlouL kiIlteI uth.ilks., and thle pleatlc l abe'- grea/t varetxi oif cco/l'oio /nr which the'y werT lo g all pro'laim thefac ihat the Shalkeor wnre coispounders famiousi. Te ShaLker label on any afrtie of y herb that well desetrve d thI ir popularit. food was a guaranlte of its high quality. ' does her own little rocker. Pictures of a mee tig of the Harvard Shakers on the Holy Hilllof Zion, a d a top o e of the posts fron- the fence leading to this tHoly Hill where, safe from the prying eyes of a scoffing world, thel danced and whirled in religious ecstasy, according to their strange beliefs, recall the queer forms in which their relhgon was couched. As Miss Scars states in "Gleanings fromr Old Silaker Journals," her interesting and authnlic accounrt of the Shakers: "In their worship they would sit in silent meditation for a iwhile, when they were taken with a mighty tremblingg under which they would express the indignation of God against all sin. At other tines they were affected, under the power of God, with a mighty shaking; atnd were occasionally exercised in silnging, shouting, (or walking the floor uind e the tifluence- of spiritual signs, or swiftly passing and repassing each other, like clouds agitated by a mighty wllnd." Thus it was that these people, all of whom were originally Quakers, came to be called "Shaking Quakers" aInd still later just "Shakers." Around the walls of this pleasant roomi whose very attospliere is that of a hasven, temlpting one to tarry awhile and rest secure fromi the troubles of a materialistic world, hang the portraits of various HFarvard Shaker sisters including those of Eliza Babbit, Annie Walker, Josephine Jilson and Margaret Eggleston. Their faces, under their deep-hooded Shaker bonnets, reflect the well-being and serenity that is the reward of well-ordered lives, and it is undoubtedly due to the busy, happ, p cont uted lives the Sha ers led that so many of them lived beyond the allotted tthreescore years and tent Indeed, if one reads the gravestoies in a Shaker cemetery, one will be alaz ed to find that longevity almost consistently marked each life. Aross the entry is anothelr interesting room which, like the previous one described, is the acme of neatless. In and about the old soapstone stove, and gleaming as brightly [3IS COMMUN1NG t IT I1 'Ii[E PAST Ina fr( t o 4 5a fall tlaek rabbi o p; c d a Spirit Nca l t sihlsthi5 pr lty S hak~e rsis tes waili g lior al rp m hSi h'allpeso from Me fP'rit Y,)MlI. 1]z:as a recognze'd fct. the~:hakers Were' qt;tr n gf Wit&:ich uml ul p','h'~ Pi ])wvr~r, as when the Shakers cared foC themrl, stand tlh huge copper boilers in which they once brewed their herbs and made the many concoctions for which they were so famous. Samples of their turkey-feather-fan industry, of their handmade brooms, their graeful and comfortable rush- and cane-seated chairs, their tall-backed wooden rockets, their hand-wrought toings and coal shovels, ald their carpet whips are to be found in tnis sremu. All these artic leIs ill stand the closest scrutiny, for their workmainship is flawless. Their beautifully-proportioncd chairs, however, reveal a bit of Shaker ingetnuity ii. the spools which are inserted in their back legs where tthe wear comes. lThis idea was bot)rn of the Shakers' sfe tsc of thihifti for wihenl signs of wead f hear ap t aving to mnake On the walls of) this same roomI targ a imap, showing the exact position of tlhe larvard Shaler Village in I870; a copy of the l Pblic Spirit, a paper of the day, in which appear advertisements of various articles and foodstuffs made by the Shakers a replica of the address made at the dedication of the Shaker Mills, Shirley, Massachusetts, as well as a curious print of Adalm in the act of naming Creatiorn. Just as this print of a religious significance appears along with so nmany artic les of a purely materialistic nature, so did the spiritual life of the Shakers mHingle and blend with the n)ore practical side of their nature. On thee ipposite wall frrom this print ne finds "A Concise Answer to the iaquiry Who otr What are the Shakers." Appended to this poetic efflsio)n is a list of the posth[391 office addresses of the Saalers, and it is indeed patsetic tn reallze thlat today all lut the small settlement at Hancock, Massachlsetts, have passed out of exlsteince. Adjoining this room is a little recess containing the many inplements necessary for the preparation of herbs, medicines atnd tonics, and va lious c(onlimaits for vhisch Shakers will long be rememrinc cied. L ikee everything esc i the lolle, they were all made by the Shalkears ard display the ir inventive genius. A curiously designled contrivance whichl ctts Or chosps as one twilsl a small wheel could effectivclv crompeite waith any similar device 'on the market today, while a hand-wrollght itoln-staind exhibits a convenierlce that mloderi rlanulfacturers have ignored iii the form of a tiony wvoodei handle to save the fingers of its user. A, Clever little arrangement for making ills, together with paddles, spoions, arnd lbIwls, all, worni sIoo)th from uise, are muite buit poten;t reinldcrs of btisy Shaker days. Awove the little berch hang crude scalesl for imeasurinig toigether with one of Brother Atherton's Sacks iii which lhe lused to carry dry herbss to msiarket before the fasion of gritding them set ii. Here, too, is a Botailica Materia Medica, which was found in ati herb clo)set of as Harvard Shaker Hoer. At onie end of1 the room-u haillgs the portrait of Sister Mary, Herlb lDoctr, while 11arouid onu the other walls hlanig framied labels of variouis wares, each label beitsg a really fine examiple (of design and priitnifg. riiF MYSTERIOUS CRADLE SurroiUnded by anrticls slin bspo tea thmreirinstugal ~iden of Stiakeoa sis anitis tifn thi aSduliftsis craale, Stats —a remin der of ste sptnitual life amuaa se Sh'ak'rrs. The siaory cans ihat this oradle, ntich wass sot (afr snaSsIsOrta nsthe very sld anad 1 t stntsiddein fnins Ohe bilsdig to avtinter, seas alss sea ts rini those st scere insage di o asta ri Is attend meetu'i g se 0n oretr ta m itl e e Stakten frns tei. 4 I0 E l /f| _^^^~g^ E_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~[0 SHtAKEiR Ei.A)ERS Carefully arranged on the shelvcs of a closet are intcresting-looking bottles mnarked "Blackberry Root," "Spearmint," "I'E>psoae Salts," "Indigo Root Wild," "Mullen Leaves," "lMNcassin or Nerve R( t." Ihse and imanyo othlcrs rcall t oo minid tlh days when Shaker proaducts were greatl in demanld and whlen tlhe waord ShlakLr" pti fixed to ainy product was a guaranteet of its puroity and deliciousnaess. verytihing is, of course, in order, and to ill appearaices it might have been oaily vesterday that the Shakers had stopped in the midst of their work and gone silently away. Let us once aIgain return to th te entrty where incidentally a sectioni of the wall hias been cut away to sho)w the broad beams and sturdy constiruction of the liouse. Ascending the highl ad almost perpendicular, s ll -worn staircase, one is startled to discover that, all the time one has beel examining the r.ooms below, the Shakers thenxselves have been calmly going about, their business upstairs. Who knows whetlhere they sit there oblivious or mIirely aloof? Mltsig (lli Shaker ways, one is qluite c novinced that they are not at all toblivious, but mterely stantding aside to watch] a iharalssed world itliilbe the essenlce iof contentment and peace which they lnce tirIewCd aithait these very walls. Even as one continues tones examination of tle many reminders of Shaker life in these upper roomI, one keeps turning as if to catchi unawares the ShakcrL sisters so intenlt ota their sewing, or the Shaker Elders wdith the Scripture spread before them. But they give no outwsard sign, and even thie itiung and piretty Shaker sister.whoi sits before her Spirit Cabint tCab ttcommuning swkith somIe onei in the spirit world does n(ot betray by even the [41] I S OF TH l ) -E SHIAKE.R TEjXr>TILE INDU~TRY was used to rock any Shaker who, faecauise of an e physi that sbilityses hrrerlading, may be Jet'nC-fascina~tiwg am] truly Joyfly examples Was unable to attend meeting. Ill maesy hae tresehe iustry i ch t waxShaed haker wouod receive thes same emotioal stiuus as was deied f rm he Shaer datne a pecliar step-adglide aair whih so stilate their rligius feror. All around the walls are samples of the Sthakeir weaving and dyeing isncluding a spec imfloen of wfI cl tI ic rt i is 00Al to be dmsltfil the last flax made by the trarvard Shakers, the lst cloth made y M. Lebano Comunity, numerous scraps off fabric sowig teir fie de wor whic, cide ntaly, is ans f~reslh and gay inolor angs day it as perrmed. A pie of aciet hadspu aret of s el ent est of teir e erst things o claim otie's attentioii is a large needleworn. nc facat, toie tell al te rahs f w and e wadshc toe Sa murch exeNlled would be t~o enujmerate il g the phass o the textile idst t on ally did tley prepare the more ual ctt lie and wool fabrics, ut the swatches" of bleacheda ald unbleachedt silk prepared by S hakers in Kentucky and test ern Communities stkho that they were masters at handling this fabric. The decorative influence which crept into Shaker lives in later years is clearly shown in the buttons collected in all interesting exibit o the wI al l of this room,e the ss or tir e ar iecent ones be ilng mor hye e l daborate in desind color rthan th earlier ones, wahia ch wer e r /very simple. These blutetons awere madet foir ue innovationr in the ic/srway ofi drhs/ess. Shaker capes, by thie way, were of suh excelledt fabrics and exqulisite af workanship th a t they attained great popularitsy, an d every one who aIn ll e corner stap s a halnd-thown shttle tf Shake r iinvenltion and qpuite diferenl from the y shutl. Th pat i cular e was yse y the Hlarvard Shakers fst or t whillse or patt, nern s requir ing numerous tread les as ell as for c hecked aics Close by stallnd sattrae tivel y esigned boxes and baskets. O the wa lls are afrxe d fA rtpi e r e stimont ialsad lto iei perfectioeed othe ". i for Ser caret-weavitng, Srsh, da ater, kitting ad weavirect industries. On te little woode wall pegis te be a caacteristimc of Shakrvi ad needlework. In fact, to tell all the litisches of weaving aid dyeing in whliIih ti haket. architectd wur e enhang t heir quaint c ostum es c th e Isir t of any one of which would not olly pr1Spar tlte nire nuitsual cottons, liii adi tCidwrl fafrics, lint tre swailtcies" of bleacIed aind unhleaclied sillk reptaier by Shakers in Kenteicky atirl Wcesterns Coiimniurties shims that they were masters at handling this fairic. IThe decorative influtcice -which crept Inm ake se ves ia l comp lete dresses, according ti the bictates of lleedern fashiont but, ing exhibit oun the wall of this rrsesii, the Isseore rectit oiies benlsig niosre elalborate in desigis arid col sr th an therearlite o whes i Ihic -w re very impl. 1 1est eIbttein' were made fr unse ott Sbhakerm nits dicc es atid capes tle lastnamd aertielo being a lat r-d y Shaker innovation in I the way of diess. Shlale capes, by the wai, were of sucli excelletit fabrics wering equalities, wou l t taid routlast ithem by many ye a rs. oUld' affod it bouglit a cape fiom tl Shake.42 in one corner standis a hand-tid lsriwi shuttll of Shaker intvettiicon atid qtite difleretit from the fly shuttl I Thiis rtiicuiar orne was nsed by tle Harvard Shakers for twill's or patterti requiring numner so: trdles as sell as fit chlseckerl fabrics. Clorse h static the proverlsial spinning itwhlee1 an od 1m, sm is ingennion circtlar areangtsetisit fors,witsditg cottcsn thread, a Shaker as 1 and ksittits -n cehlc g'ange and at assortmett if attractiely de'igised boxe anid basket. Ot the walls ae alffixcd fturther testinionials to the perfe 'tioti of the Sliaker carp t-weaviiln rusrn, hduster ktsittisg atid xweaitsing ittdust'ies. Ott tle little woodis wall pegs thit s'em to Ise a ihar'acteriti'ic of Shaker arehtit'ctote hang their qrainst cc)misses, the skint of anry cste of silih w'I dsnri nt 6isly tssal'e several conuplet dresste, accitding ts thte dirt'tces if issoderis fashisti, but, iII searingc qnalities nould o tlast thi ni by issaitty years. 40] AcrtvSs tbe h1idi fromi ihis SAER BED M I a ol t red s at lia 1 )1oo i, i114 (le..This ~ ~sli lbl _porl h ids> iitllio sloi pl btt l td, dipped in Sluikfr-mad dye11igen 1)1l y1 o id 51435114. oi -I| I I - | ~anI. 'lieli 1 11 s 1t a li1 Sie o It 3c a for their bonnets, together with a for_ c on whihtltiec bll it e i s d.ill. l he wali sh1144 sl awlls II 4111 bs l yll isrctiotn. n ofthe sca of enatth i is Islo eile t It I o af iels pl(icl t11,1 pIItogap_ of a Shaker sister. Slie is sitting in a Sai, rs, teo l is tuI le Ii _ci which 1 l l _ * _ S _. l llll.11111 l. show platinl Ihogh 11e11 _a-I /:'~l *44/,' s/us 55/ l//Inste /, 14W ic, ol _ osI IIll luc iS)n, rWcIt'C l file fact fitl. wee i ia_ ll i S l it tle [rum sbopi'iIl S1151 l.S TI l's 3l spool l.'X, ost lheS bwrisiop a itr Le mlai)ik I xn d c 1tlr. 11 a l 11t I tl.'le dici tlli. iala Ilolr It pIla c i i t l oi s tha b crii itta t f tilri ot' l. i llfi In the tl. i i iia biv t hel alllhisHtc h g so x l hati r 4leanlin H s proulctllgra h of Uth r 3 Saiidirr I T /l.l ' i l a it p e l 1tf xii pri.~iig 13? u i it1.ii Ii 14 li 1 l'l4 1 In)1(1 ', tu if colors oa ttht at~ ret/ s I g resh a tai y yzls"ere, e mosti'ciii~i ai1 womf ihi la tha allces f t tilod8 lavWe noat eqll'tletd if, the in atte1 of ecQnecrniyl1 Ablult thle o-im llanLg Shakler aplron 6l1isbirlilal sitl] tele6il1 1e1at caseS, a t a Shakerlquit tartill blontlle't Not far away Ilay br le -,lcha strawv brlaldl for their b)OnlnetSa togethir w th a forni oil wh ll those bt-lets -aeore,Iladl (Oi thie yvall is a mirror whijose little Woodleln flramle, Wltil its s l) l:)ie ttlll lj t1llL1 P,-ltr: ItS wichgah tf a Shaker sisat dhie n the s itly satd ixllt a re f titk pihltgrtapht ll ixs ie rie i Ht f thitese powtrs at o111r k1 aiT I' acC(t- With tHe St.ktt trOHm that is entirtll givten oVtt ito thle materilistic side of life, for it sliuvs eve ys sigr of hlaiting ibeen a modest little wlt la-kshop. dSpalrlll llll '4l/ll p/ss t t 5 ' 8 TI1 tnlis vylo~kslilop staxlcrls ~ re~;ndlet: ~n~i Shaker tlb, whicrh W5 eoveientpi pla ove ~Zpr a We in the floor of 1aibtil a Babbstt, otli if thi dir/,tly8 abi e thll k4/154e3 sltvo, exemplifi/ Shak5er cl5e anliness/ post t~lelll;~c~ VV.O~BI 1 8~011/iS `Ih~f and I.hgenuity. 4bove i" hang Shaker caper andthe romantic plhcture mil.ost taletelld wimci amoHg ti Is! Shuake //ster ws14.4 crossr) sloY s ay be JI/ unld waithll_ ShaleTs. One diry, whlilt h ating I these pa (gei [~3 — t _ the making of wrought nails, she conceived the idea that they might be cut from a sheet of iron rolledt t the right thickness. tHer irventioni proved practical, and this steel implement may be seen hanging on the wall. Here one finds a work bench which evidently (once belonged tos a co)bller, for at one end is a shoe braced iI position for resoling bi y mreans of a leather strap whi:ch is so arranged that it may be tighteined or loosened, accorditg to the desire of the cobbler, by a slilght pressure of the foot. N artlissized nails, wooden pegs and shoe forms are also to ire found here, while haniging abov the bencha an 'advertisemert giving the prices for various types of rtepair worik comipletes t the picture. Amiiog th prices li sted it is i ilteresting t(o notei that the charge for soling one-half and hleeling sewed iboots was a dollar anh d twenty-five ceits, while the same operation on pegged boots cost but niilety cents. A pair of hand-sewed slippers is another example of Shaker versatility, for the leather ifrom which thiy arc fashiioned was prepared aid tatnned by the Shakers at MIt. Ilebantloi. On the opposite wall hangs a large saw, which again recalls the liname o[f Tabitha Babbett anlld Ireminds one of another of her clever inventios. O()e day, while at hert spiinning wheel, her glance wandered to where somne brethren were sawing wood in the old-fashioned way. G(radually it dawvled upoin ier that one-half their nmotion was lost in the witlhdrawing of the saw, and she left her wheel lonlg enough to fashion a disk from a sheet of till. This she notched in crude fashion and, returning to her wheel, slipped it over the spindleh where, upon trying it on a piece of shingle, she found it could cut. Thus it was that a Shahker sister gave to the world the buzz saw. The first onle, imade according to her inistructions, Iimay be viewed today in the Geological BuildinLg at Albany, N.Y. The urge to i nven must have been stirlog within Sister Babbett, for in addition to the above inventions (of major importalnce, she conceived the idea of the dnouble spinl ig wheelid ad, acc:rding to Sister Aunie Walker, was at olrk at the time of lher death ion somfe false teeth, a set of which she had already i made in wax. Several stoves which the Shakers made are also ill this room ald, small though they arc, one imagines that theirs heating powers were very real. A copy of a patent granted to Elijah My rick for his invention iof a chirnevy-pot thlat sold all over the country may also be examined here. AN tool used by theml il the palrm-and-straw industry, a reaper, a powder tlhorn T:tEd cOanLteeRi |SO P am cane s \ a els l as a card contaumnipg directions fur oumtring Shaker chai usi are irncludcd ill lthe cuillectioni Rearduillug thur hresisetter of thin pinotwde r hintiu anud 'THlE COGBBLER'S SuO)P amIusinfg t) fnten, d utn i i erast ng to b un f thi t these wec m fontuind it, thin attic if ail uld lShakcu htust amid air The Shaker id a lil trde in the rmpairu i bootd ad sho ute tIllll-laT cherOts a il caption whiemI the Shakoinis uuftcusel nard ir hil sik aesd w nitht seld wer s io their hinin s As thur Sha k iers Were uit. ahllnowvd tlo seek tither the stinunulatio ou cnnisolation EmmmmmWhich camen frins sisskikng' it is liHE COBBcLocR'S SuHusP ansusiig tnt fnc under a suises tuf The Staters did a livels tmade in the rrpaiiit of tolts aid sihan mudllens-leaf chserutnits a captiin ierE is a corner sf' thit cobbier's slop, ad so thue sall may ie vhich states that the' were tnu be sdei a sigl siatitg the pricesr tn eitr repain wok, tigetier eilh vcarina iniiplemenets invcnted and usned iny item L. smtuoked for the culre of asthuuta. 1441 Shakers crtScunventd taeis ca1rried * ';, 1Ilallndillt as - S 1 dici c thels, thcir deai t L er Afl ia e t iegS6i seperae pTpes ilade s by thleal o theil tie vad Sh ak illag layhe iii tl cou o k liallwi)y felsi Vo iiiipunctiOciii is a bo lving a c a s tlm s pitm tsaged t ip t a op d e i ie iII a id t hi s a iea V I ie i iii Ati s wei ipri IaVV tli irlmid iie taii commu ll t I e t e lit t tle gdlivin, l m d wt a d s appuse ared its occmuHarvard as a the bE-oalrd swo(ldto thi f:Xale Ie)tlls cau1ses uS tr, Halt. andi spoii ulat/ i A IN...N imple I aitii tiV ei spit V ilVi iay 1i the sc matll gay ousc o( tle sidc f Proispe.ct Hilli. V l. 45I plaie. TheV stoIi Vii} ofi thV agC~i SaliAICr hoiiiSC greatiecst SorroVV i CCV tlii blxii tfidiiiiiiC of tliii Idari V arl Shiak ill ig lay ii I lc th facht fluti ihc oiild HA iiICC n makeher last /OUI-iiey 0II tiIIS boalrd iirtrc i hT)N Iiiv i g SIalIel- fr Ieiids, ciiri es t ii 1 iii m nlIliS Alid StCellS ti cipitI)ize tlic traged1 tAhlatistCiifi eviel aiiCii aitpl ry I' atil, wtlhcle it it. bie li Au liviCdial (ii. H;1 in thlis icASIi ippeared froInlii HarvarVJ As qV-iiiCly as thliy liVveCdCil ICC lth i teAS Ab cl lf~tiCtll oIi f 1t ci simple faitl itheii i pirit liveCS (Iii iiI the simill giav liil (iio thii sidie of iispsCt, I Iill AMERICAN INDIAN MUSEUM ONE day, some two hundred and fifty years ago, King Philip, as the white men called the son of their Indian friend, Chief Massasoit, heard of the death of his beloved brother, Alexander. Believing he had been poisoned at the hand of the white man, he, with his Indian general Anawom, hastened to Mt. Wachusett to consult with a famous medicine man as to the advisability of going to war with the Whites in revenge of his brother's death. As this shaman shook his strings of deer hoofs, blew on his bone whistles and wildly gesticulated with a turtle rattle, the large sacred turtle, which slumbered near by and remained stubbornly within his shell, slowly protruded his thick, leathery neck, and, stimulated by these sinister and savage noises, began snapping viciously at Anawom. Both Philip and his general gazed spellbound, listening intently, and Anawom at the advice of the medicine man slowly waved a sacred wand in front of him to render innocuous any wound he might receive from the angry animal. The unfortunate consequence of this consultation with the medicine man, who defined the snapping of the turtle as a sign that Philip should go to war with the Whites, is now a matter of history, for it marked the end of the Indian domain in New England. This great episode in Indian history is vividly and picturesquely recreated by Miss Sears and forms the central exhibit in her American Indian Museum on Prospect Hill. Careening down the side of Prospect Hill one afternoon in the early spring of 1929 came a sturdy, squat little building. Faster and faster it pitched and tossed its way, as though already inhabited with the spirit of those early Indians of the Nashua Valley whose home it was destined to be. Threatening destruction to all that lay in its path, it continued its way unchecked until, striking the pile of stones which marked its restingplace, it precipitated itself upon them and, after some indecision, finally secured a foothold and rescued itself from its precarious position. Thus, so rapidly was it moved, might be described the arrival of the old Harvard Village schoolhouse at its new home on Makamachekamuck, as the Indians called Prospect Hill. In reality its journey was accomplished by means of all the appliances known to science to assure protection to a house in transit. The little building, well over one hundred years old, was to be the third museum restored and preserved by Miss Sears who, in so doing, planned that it should no longer be a schoolhouse for Harvard children only but rather an educational center where the generations of today and tomorrow might learn something of the American Indian who owned this country long before the white man dreamed of its existence. Although originally of stout timber, the old schoolhouse, for permanent protective reasons, has been veneered with lovely old brick taken from the ancient Town Hall at Lancaster, and roofed with slate secured from an equally early church at Bolton. So, although it is protected for all time, its new dress is in perfect accord with the spirit of its period. The fate of the Indians who once roamed so peacefully throughout this beautiful Nashua Valley must forever strike a note of sadness. Silently content in the midst of the beauty that surrounded them, they welcomed the white man to the valley of the Nashua. And in this welcome lay the germ of future hatred and atrocities; for, try as they might, no two races so totally different in temperament and civilization could long dwell side by side in harmony. Discord, the result of suspicion and misunderstanding, arose, which, furthered by the death of Alexander, culminated in that great episode in [46] Atnericati lidiatl history. — King Phi lip's \ar. Visilors standlll g upon the steps of the American lIldian MI.seulln can gaz across thle Naslita Valley arnd visualze in that peacfcil senea what it was like wheni the sulrronadig countryside was ct>vered with dense virgin forest through wtichh roarned iot only wild beasts wlhih Constantly menaced the scattered settlerents, but also, hordes of savages Who stealthily crept tlirolgh the leafy silence toward rIt. Wachusett, where the groat \letaC)ol) awaited thlem. This Metacomb, called by the EnIglish "King Philip" becatus of his porfond and haughty bearing was thte seCotld son of Nlassasoit and chiief of the Waitpatioags. wh)ls: real stronglholfd was at Mountlt Iiope, Rhode Island. iHe had stilnnrlntad thi various tit)ies to meet linml inl counrcl, after walhiclh he craftily planltld to swool down iipoil unsuspecting Lancaster. There is n1otlinig in the serelic atllloslphere of tlis old tlown today that gives rte tlhobserver a hint of its former sufflerings yet it wtas blrlld three tirmes by King tPhilip's savages, To the inorTthward lies nGroton, whic l nextt t 1et its ilte and adld C a chlapter (o the Indian history? of this lovely regiont whil e it takes but little iiragiiiatllo to almost see Major Simon Willard as, riding at tlie head of his En litsh Dtag)l'ol()1S, lie Wet hither and thitlher through th e oun tryiside ritg, with little success, however, to strike terror iillto the savage breasts. For one short, tempestluous period Kitng Philip was iaster of the situation and the inhabitants were obliged to take flilht and IivCe swith their AMERICAtN INtDIAN MtiJE;UMI Tis ittle building, veneered with, rick from the oid Tow1n Hall in Lancateir and roofed 7ith sat fro l equally ancient chlurc isn Blton, tass one thi old schoolhouse ohers so many Harvard snzrt and swoms sIluded thie tIhree 'IR'S. 'odasy it kosses tIe intereting I 8disan exhcbt colle/CtId by Cara Endic Sott Scars and is Know0t aS trP iiomeri.an ndiant Museum. r ~-] AAMIRICAN INDTIA.N- MISEUML Thi git ev'raved wl the floor ofr this?ooi, ai' thou h emanating, Om the rock wthich according to Indian philosopky, symbolized the Great Spirit, are repretr etaille f)/ shanXtaniscrrites. in thie bdackgroulnd mla,? be Semen the exhibit ouf oe of the Miost important episodes of Intdian hismrli -hie- crl t at'llion ovf Kintg Pffilip ad his 'tfied /g genuieral, 'Jnawonl, ith tLhe nlif'ine e man o?1 Mt~ 0tchuisfett. The beaultiful crremolial hba-et fJn flth leil ir a pricele-.-f and ver rare treasulre of Itndiar arriistri families toward Boston and Plymouth where they might place themselves under the protection of the English soldiers quartered there. The ground all around the Indian Museum, and in fact all Prospect Hill, hides reminders of the past in the form of arrow heads and such implements of war which are often turned up in the furrow when struck by the blade of the plow. Inside the Museum the visitor will find examples of these relics unearthed in just this manner throughout the Nashaway Valley. The tribe of Nipmucks have all gone; not a remnant remains of the Nashaway or Nashoba Indians-all are extinct that once roamed throughout the valley, and one must cross the threshold of the American Indian Museum if one seeks tangible evidence of the days when King Philip instigated a war which, more than anything else, signified the doom of the Nashaway Valley Indian, for those who escaped death never returned unless as stragglers to revisit scenes of childhood or a beloved one's burial mound. Today, however, all is changed, and, owing to the vision and exertions of Miss Sears, the Nashaway Valley Indian comes back to his home not as an outcast, but proudly, as befits a noble race. Though he suffered defeat from a practical point of view, like the Shakers and the philosophers at Fruitlands, his spirit lives on in the many rare and beautiful treasures which he once made, now safe forever in the Indian Museum on Prospect Hill. As one approaches the building, one observes, sunk in the ground, a very ancient and unusual granite double squaw-bowl discovered in Southboro-a mute reminder of Indian civilization in Massachusetts. Upon entrance into the small hallway where visitors register, one steps into a main room on the left-a room which conveys in no sense the trite and usual conception of a museum, but rather impresses the visitor with the fact that it is alive with the spirit of the past. Here Miss Sears has picturesquely recreated one of the great episodes which proved the turning point in the career of the Nashaway Indians-the consultation of King Philip and his general, Anawom, with the shaman on Mt. Wachusett. The fidelity with which all exhibits in the Museum portray Indian life and scenes is the result of unremitting care on the part of Miss Sears, who, above all else, insists on historical accuracy. In the Indian Museum, as in the Shaker House and Fruitlands, Miss Sears has sought the advice of someone in a position to know intimately about the subject. Through Mato Watakpe ("Charging Bull," chief of the Sioux tribe) Miss Sears secured some of her most valuable Indian relics, as well as much interesting history about them and the tribes to which they once belonged. Let us examine this fascinating room more in detail. In the very center of the floor stands a large rock. To the Indians, who recognized a spirit dwelling in all things, the rock itself was the sign of stability and strength, often furnishing them a refuge either from the elements, enemy tribes, or, in later years, the white man. Accordingly, t'ey held the rock in great esteem and frequently endeavored to propitiate the spirit concealed within by means of gifts of food and trinkets. Resting on it is a relic of the paleolithic age in the form of a squaw-bowl, in which squaws were wont to grind their grain. The symbol of sustenance, this excellent specimen was found in a pasture in Stow, Massachusetts. Engraved on the floor and emanating from the rock in a large circle which, because it has no end, symbolized immortality in Indian religion, are golden lines signifying the rays of the sun, the source of all vegetation and fertility. Between these rays are engraved the various shamanistic signs or totems. Starting with the sign of the turtle or tortoise, the greatest and most powerful spirit in Indian mythology, and continuing around in a circle, one next finds the bear totem, a benevolent spirit, but one which never was held in the extreme veneration with which the turtle was regarded. The mud puppy totem, which, though frequently seen in Indian remains, seems to have no explanation, comes next. Among the most curious totems are two [49] which dcpiret swrnian, ihtst Witholaut a hlead,. c( "C/~d K g l,", ~w bag, generally m ad e of otter skin; th e secret and shcond with onet A wOfli hlehan d Te " 1hy thr e ta includeins ot posscss ros still and she is, therefore, always depicted without a head, iunless, as in tl:he case the second totem, sfhe, has iscet inspiied a~d spe.aks with the epower of ma o racle, e ie ths i thelg bt se -s tze } cIac c a x:1siet is repr tse departeh d anm a litie iw.... l / l 1smhowni e xterlding troi thie hnar sign te a amanth, li l " 'iif su the caseig of e inspir ed wma n, ath e sha manisti |~~~shows theu sign m eails thatr whic lcver wa )tia Stepes out to~ differentiate hin, asfros air ornei from sher e, r thre wiS do m Slit 3eCXise c i hs 1 ougainls ft ri ithrrves o u tee dr natul elratl n iitatl st and tls well as the costu twhch se toe a headl. in tAmongte shaman, thte ormteraut t otemerwons tis af gure aco csis ting of a -fwhilniaze his lisea signlifyiiwg igs Igerey an ai 11ie These werehes i n s rdotor whio th ouginh a wor lan has a he a aind on the animals which a roiamed at w i the rdiias y won ian tlhrough h 'Ih eed onf ef KProect KHill tod ay mae Cfs ou er ski the seclet "Wut of thie wods at e vening, or to catch a glimpse bed bruiden t shss tairn ihfrt liinge mldiaril s irt eo oef the graold nedine lodge, whicl Sl msert i wan t stu asi srgt, at,,, ncludes iot esily tiess still living wvio6 h1ave eIn cit fsionstras t to tee d th e p gawerb of theagic anid hea dlig but alsu th whieh arc~i~:er r t portr.E~I~lal-~crraded in atrs, aaghta tcolor e ttli s d ibuck i / hsiidrsaio spirits of those f,~ fonm this life Wiho e the outroth Iia an In n oesoo s d r execul Stiot xlt olrirns ad iloricate /ets'vg, were once thue s giftedl and a signl of a shamilanl itt bedwtrl totiMte tSiou Indiats eggisars o priest sometimes called a powwow. As sa*iPtr'iii-Th in i e casecg of the isspired wthoman w the shlarai shtws the sa e iie dig froa hiairt tob msinsth of hearso io tis ca see s caend erves te dilferentiate hiini, as aii inspied tine friom thie cimdinary run oif iisaikllid T ie Idian el xhibi1s, which are ii cases, coinsit if life-size nmodtls of Inedianas, inolde:d, ti(nted amid cistursnle'd just as they appearel in actual life ehei they lived a Utopiai existence in this lountry. Every nesio del is er()dt eed with Suci h delit the ll liouest miutllte etails that as On looks at the i les depicted olle notes tie f aical claractesl Ics as well as thl' cotitnieS which serve to Piffccitiatc theis. Iosr canple, nl the grii)p whieh we hat l 'e aldly hes ribft ed d itisg te I iod of King Plhilip cons:llting the shamlla, the fwomer w'ae a ealtiul tiihl t srlf kin the latIter a black bearskin wslhni' gtle t tirner'1 Anawos has a cougai sk its carelessly tliilusisnt acroiss hS Shllulder:S Th iese were tls'kits wIich tls Algonquin Itdiais weire, as thme well to lie fuitd tes the altsissals which at ote time riansed a * wil it this particulalr sectioi Of the e(u:ntstry Indeled, on Pro pect fHill tidy it is not unusual to see a deer suithl her fawns coine titsidly out of the wods at ecveling, or to catch a glimnpse of a heautifl red tix as, with his rush, tet he m nerily sklirts tie wtsootdlanl. In ccoitra't tt th tisple 'ari os the Ahgto-qeinias, ione llotes that thel Sittx liatls, which are realistically potrtrayed it amuesthler case, are clad in elaborately beaded, lightcoihored huckskils Ti'Iis variations ii costume was noet merel) a nlatter of diffeiemst ideas regaiirdin beaullty lUt rarlat 1Ve ( r. 1 r' colregardiuug I e' ty lint thu'r thuc outgrtinwth of asrt milnate se'se of protective ccslcotiiug The Sioux watel I thuemselves is a igh iht-cooroed buckskis whiclh Woeld hleld uwith tIme sahdy hackground IofL tIe plaits Wichsie re t*lie hoeme, w1vile the Algig tnquits realized that tme niore dull aud sItbrh skits tf bear, wo f or ctutgoar Wootuld sere to remnder thetm inlviSihbl ill the leafy darkusess of the forests they inhabited I Tle faces of the Sio ux [506 EXHIBIT OF IND)IAN HiANDICRAFTI r hndicra g h il d d a t or ore b reake this and mac g in, hi ndrdly g ath a red t r lile.r, whlh ars ey painti, drmfn tin S iln and iraajuly dsJ ra med barAft A'tl SoLt 1 t5 sly / a s tis aJ 155 Ins I. giroup, which Were n l (1i1i d in their i ntilitv it tIhe Slitihsoiiiail In stitution, Washlinigtion, D.C., are imasks taken from the Itndlias telmcl selivs. 'he face ocf the Cliicf is an exact model of Kicking Bear, one of tlhe chiefs Who led the figlt against Custer: tih sqeuaw's is a true copy of cne of the most beautiful off her type; while the little maiden is of the Crow tribe. This group typifies the Sioux's superb conception of color and ornamentation. From the coat of Kicking eaiag Bear hn wisps of human hair; while his marvelous war bonnlet, with his major plume, his breastplate of beads and bones all strung together, his long pipe and beautifully beaded quiver of arrows, and the richly beaded ceremonial robe of White Thuindelr, his squaw, as well as the exquisitely beaded bag which the little Crow tmaidei Swings from her armn reveal an artistic instilnct that was inherelt in the Indian. Above the group hanrgs a saddle made of buffalo) hide atnd on each side are to be focind beaded saddle clothes, part of the accoutrements which decked out their hirses when onr their way to partake in important ceremonials. There is something sumptuous and csolorful in all the phases of Indian tribal life apart from war. To the left, behind the door which leads intoi thlis rioom, is a model of the head of a Chippewa chief mounted very attractively andl ittingly,on a mound of the rocks which sytlmbolized so much to) every Indian. Acrfess from hiim, in an(ther crrner and similarly mounted, is a modlfl of the Ihad of an Iroqu(is. Both wear beautiful feather bnnets; 1 I1 but the feathers in the bonnet of the former are tipped with yellow, symbolic of the fact that before going into battle he had had a significant dream or vision, while those in the headdress of the latter are tipped with red, the symbol of honor. The left wall of this room exhibits many interesting examples of Indian weapons, the earlier ones being made of stone; the later, owing to knowledge gleaned from the white settler, of iron or any metal that could be salvaged. It was the white man, too, who taught th~ Indians how to make their arrows more effective by the substitution of steel, copper or iron for the more primitive stone, but he could not improve on the beauty of their decorations. Further along the wall is a small but well diversified collection of stone axes and tomahawks. All are fine specimens, the very largest having been excavated in Harvard, Massachusetts, and presented to the Museum by J. E. Maynard of that town; the others coming from local as well as more distant points. Directly below the tomahawks is a collection of stone pestles, most of which were found in Forge Village, Leominster, Sterling and other villages of the Nashua Valley. The many beautiful examples of the Indian art of basketry to be found in this Museum show how strongly symbolism played a part in the life of the Indian. A wonderful and very rare example of Indian art may be found in the huge Apache coilbasket which reaches almost shoulder-high and stands under a glass case by the lefthand wall of the room. It is the gem of the basket collection and is indeed a prize. One very similar to it may be found at the Peabody Museum at Harvard College and one other in the western part of this country. Just what this basket was used for is not determined, but probably it played an important part in some ceremony, for it is often called a Ceremonial Basket. Its marvelous classic proportions, so curiously suggestive of Egyptian art, its perfect craftsmanship and its fine state of preservation show that it was a piece on which much skill and care were exercised. Such baskets were always woven under water. A tiny basket, found inside the large basket and now standing by its side on the floor of the case, completes this ceremonial piece and with it forms a unity without which the other is incomplete. On the wall near these baskets are various other examples, all of the Apaches' make and all reflecting the same Egyptian tendency. One of the more interesting specimens is called a "Marriage Basket," and in the intricate design woven into it one notices a break in the continuity of the line, which to the Indians denoted a passageway for the escape of the soul. A case on the wall opposite the ceremonial basket contains numerous specimens of arrows, many of which are tipped with feathers, the symbol of swiftness. The very small and delicately chiseled heads were used for killing birds. In this same case may be seen knives and celts from Tennessee and Arkansas, rubbing stones, jet-black obsidian awls, easily distinguished by their high polish, a collection of arrowheads, and many other stone relics picked up along the banks of the Concord River. Doublebitted axes and a peculiar triangular-shaped axe from the Apache tribe, which was probably used in the gruesome task of beheading victims, spearheads, knives and game balls from all over the country are also shown. From this case one's gaze and thoughts wander to more peaceful subjects in the shapes of many gayly decorated pipes. One can easily visualize the peace and calm of a lovely summer night on the slope of Prospect Hill, where centuries ago Indians must have contentedly smoked similar pipes outside their wigwams. We cannot help but wonder if the tiny pipe with the most exquisitely beaded stem were not the property of some squaw-perhaps a favored old woman of the tribe. Another case recalls the Indian's childhood in the form of clever little dolls in costume. Drums of skin and tom-toms stretched tight with rawhide remind one of days when signaling was at its most primitive stage and modern methods of communication were, literally speaking, beyond the imagination of white man and Indian alike. [52] PREH1IISTORCl'()l INDIAN (RAV,1 AIid (now we co)moe tlo a mlost picturesque1 exhibi it a tIe resillt of cil1si1atl Ecol)respondelnIice betwceeni f liss Mi alsi id 1 a c11 ief lif the Sioux lo Ite in unaa1 y beautiful examnple iofl th are add girgeolls felro Isettes wh h m i iiptat part of the regalia worn iin the dalnces wlich celebrated the coming if sprig. IThese rnoselbeIs tte re w or the braves ie hren e h ollonw o(If their baks and lhe feathers wiehl hung downll the lcgs t( the grounrd llmved ii a brilliant and effrctivre airnaler as t}le t>dies swayed trd te thyte rtllnl of the dance. O)ne ofi tlhe ianly riarnsing liidiarn legenlds which \Miss Sears has leartl ed from her Indian frie d s relates that a ()(sol as the Iasqu e lower, picturesquely called Iittle 1Od ia with Whislers" ecause o(f ts downy appearance, lifts its head abonve tle grlround, tile Indians iknow it is tile for prIling festivities. Their explanati(o) of this is that the Basque flower is thte first ow tIo cii) ouIt t sIot i diies, t nieveir (efore it has given ret the sig o t of bhe fos er kingdom tlla it is timrre for thle to ltake thieir appearanie. It is i ll1 one of the festivities heralding the approach o(f spring th the braves bedeck tlel sclves withl rosettes like the one just diescribed. O)nly the raLinlow cal rival the lovely ti o arials (of these rosettes, and it is to be regrettedl that modrnernit has rollwhed life of 1 e f this beauit atnd syinbolism Amlong the othler relics of Indian adornmleilt included in this cltllect111 are strings of f53 i wampum, shell trinkets in varios designs, pine-nut beads and othecr bits o, jewelry found in Indian graves, a most n()vel belt made froim the teeth and hide of a walrus, and a great variety of beautifully decorated rattles which slhow b thl skill and ingenuity in their construlction. As one gazes toward the east wall, (lue is confronted by such a wealth of beauty: that one is fairly bewildered, as ine's gaze passes (er elk l-skin dresses strewn with elks' teeth, and beads, to 1ily richly c 1 rd iad beaded papp)oose-carniers, gro"itelsquely decorated bonnets, two (f which formerly belonged to mredicine men, intricately carsved totem poles and o(ther relics of Indian handicraft. Arnd each has its story. For examnple, one of the pappoose-carriers once held a two-day-old child who, with its mother. died on a journey which they were forced to t ake when camp was brokeni up while the beaded elk-skin dancing-dress was sold by its owner sonly because her brave had been murdered and sie refused ever to dance again. Porcupine quill work, lovely beaded dresses, cloaks an i d mnassims, wr and medicine bonnets, highly colored tobacco pouches, braves' waistcoats from Fort Lapwai anld Nez Perce in Idahlo, and amu ltitude of examples from different tribes-all thesse strike the eye and bring a sense oif bbabaric artistry that is not easily forgotten. A queer little image of Pocahontas of ancient date stands guard over all. She portrays the white man's conception of tie Indian, just as an old print on the wall near by depicts him as the courtiers o:f the Court, of louis XI V imiagined him to be Neither conceptin) is correct, of course, aind in juxtaposition with the real Indian they furnish a most interesting illustration of tbe wvide divergcnce betweenei pupular coinesptisti o ar peiope aid tbe people thlemsels o.e Leaving this ta ii in i eriss tbe hallwayli _ hali i I catid eIrnted witht is one r thimeed evenit tre inmo feature-s eof the whisie Muscuiseunsa small reiiim magic stck, covered with bualo a t is tilit arian oliet. a ttle e ts e o l chape Ovsr tim entraniem tsi tie shritte appears at mild Indiai womu "sInmi ahla -iibahlm, isteaning "a spirit timat is allhrciiibr acitig ai1 is urnip11;CE~~i~~~ l | iiotet. 1 hitFs wstod strilies the keynuteD of help h( contrl t throtthlSe placin rIt e wqit IIe botto1m o f tihu s reeeoi is inlefocnablhe bmut ullnist akahice hi tiis clhapel is the graves of a pareiistsident I odia deisteoraoe earn Cartdersie (ei Geoigia, the site sf the. faminnis IEtuwai grimup by Pinsmfessnr WiV K. M hs aldllia aii pieseited ti le ti luseums by Phillips eaicin y at Andovii er, \lassaetusetts urisind -withn him at his side lies isis beinwl fun fodml at his feint is his w stein jug C imme byt time imemcs sof Iis imai.d1 rinst I7; tabn ith k ant d adze;Mn,,,&, gai,' t. ai,/. i' bya thie elements. but is n accnr withd Ilin L54l "SiHOOT HOsYmi Tmu MEDIu ueiAN s writs arc white beadsa ii thimt remalit uf the Thc umany gsrgscssf Jcat/crs is i tine sicin mnat swininthes desinative garumeit whieh ontie coiuered him. thie /-mi a ii ik mci/mimici mana me mi2/i s Itieseeidntahhy it is interestsing ti nmte imuvow Indinan, iymbolsinm aid to tihe iitiaitim i d Coe min characteristic mfit:si weamcr Show Hohm 1tidai reiigisi permeated cucti time muse m/iagic stiik, cinvcrd wu5t inuffa/m 5sid and decorated utmlitarian ubinjects. Fsit eisaumpic, the hole incp him cmisetrl the spirits f ihe other a-cud i ii tte fsttum of tie bimm just iefemrred rm i's schsm mtsc Indians c/liccist thein indicdr us tem the result if aim acemidmit um deliteriuratiumi,cciung agaiui -in me- satis time elemests. but is iii accsirldu Wii Ithndiami is-L t belief that everything in life, including inanimate matter, had a soul. It was placed there by its designer in order that the soul of the ingredients which the bowl held might escape to its heavenly reward. This ancient Indian lies in the original red earth in which he was buried and is surrounded by the original rocks just as he was found when excavated. At his head is a statue of Cyrus Dallin's "Appeal to the Great Spirit," while at his feet stands on guard "The Messenger of Peace" by the same artist. Hanging on the wall as a background is a very beautiful specimen of the skin of a white buffalo cow, on which is painted an interesting design-a symbol of the sun, which in turn is the Indian symbol of the Great Spirit. These religiously painted buffalo skins once hung on prayer poles outside the medicine man's tepee. The whole setting strikes the visitor with awe and reverence, as it is intended it should. Opposite the grave just described is another, known as the "Red Paint Grave." The red paint which gives it its name is all that remains, as these graves date back so far into the dark ages that bones are never found in them. This grave was also presented to Miss Sears by Phillips Academy. The entire room is devoted to the religion of the Indian. On the wall hang various symbolic pieces used in Indian ceremonials, while opposite the dead warrior is the bust of a shaman swathed in marvelous headgear which originally belonged to a holy man named Shoot Holy. In the feathers which compose it one reads the whole symbolism of Indian life. The eagle feathers which extend in one long line to the ground denote speed and security; the crow feathers on the top proclaim its wearer as a man of sagacity and caution, while the owl feathers which cluster over each ear signify his power over darkness and his sense of direction. But these are only a few of the conglomeration of things that combine to make this medicine man's bonnet the beautiful and symbolic affair that it is. There are also bits of ermine skins which, to the initiate, mark him as a "killer," while the braided sweet grass, which denotes a doer of kind deeds, tends to mitigate this sinister reputation. Most important of all, however, is the dried tail of an armored turtle, which is his totem and the source of the mysterious powers which make him a medicine man. The foundation of Shoot Holy's bonnet is of buffalo hide. The beaded turtles which one notices attached to sticks in this same case are part of a medicine man's equipment and just as indispensable to him as are the pills and drugs of our modern doctors. As turtles were the symbol of fecundity, Shoot Holy in times of need would hang them upon sticks in the fields or gardens or upon the walls of a log cabin, with an appeal that they serve as prayers for a good crop of corn, or many children who would live to be good women and brave, strong warriors. After visiting this room, one cannot help but feel that here is epitomized the whole story of the Indian race. Welcoming the stranger in his midst, sharing the beauty of his ritual with him, and finally resenting the encroachments made upon his liberty by the white man, the Indian fought a losing fight and in the end had only one recourse left-his appeal to the Great Spirit. And so, today, though he no longer treads the friendly forest paths of Mt. Wachusett, no longer sits beside his wigwam, lighting his pipe with the smouldering embers of his camp fire, or lives his nature-loving life so full of the beauty of symbolism, the Indian has returned in spirit to the home that is rightfully his, and, surrounded by his treasures, dwells in peace in the Indian Museum on Prospect Hill in Harvard, Massachusetts. [551 CLARA ENDICOTT SEARS ANY years have come and gone since the American Indian, Mother Ann and Bronson Alcott abandoned their quests for happiness in and about the lovely old town of Harvard, Massachusetts. To many, their existence was but a fireside tale. Certainly there was little left to remind one of their presence until one morning in 1914. Then, and only then, did one realize that they had not really gone at all. To many, of course, the strange noises which issued from the old red house on the slope of Prospect Hill and, tossed back and forth among the surrounding hills went echoing throughout the valley, were only the sound of hammer and saw at work on an old red house. To others, they signified the reawakening of the spirit of three lost Utopias. As a descendant of Governor John Winthrop, the first Colonial governor of Massachusetts, on her paternal side, and Governor John Endicott on her maternal side, besides six other Colonial governors, it is altogether appropriate that Clara Endicott Sears should be the one to preserve for future generations three influences that contributed their share toward the spiritual life of a country her ancestors helped to found and guide during its formative days. The spirit of the pioneer, the industry of the early 'New Englander, and the zeal of both mingle within her, enabling her to understand the picturesque freedom of the Indian, the quiet thrift of the Shakers and the ascetic idealism of the Transcendentalists. So it is that since I9I4 Miss Sears has gone persistently forward with her work of establishing on her estate on Prospect Hill in Harvard, Massachusetts, three unique museums which annually draw thousands of visitors to their doors. After one has seen the magnitude and importance of Miss Sears's undertaking, one cannot refrain from conjecturing about the personality behind it all. "What is she like?" "What does she look like?" "Why has she done it?" are some of the questions asked about Miss Sears, who, rather than be a part of the exclusive social world that is rightfully hers, prefers to live quietly at "The Pergolas," her beautiful home overlooking her three museums in Harvard, Massachusetts. The daughter of Knyvet Winthrop Sears and Mary Crowninshield Peabody Sears, Clara Endicott Sears was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Of about medium height and slenderly graceful, Miss Sears in bearing and manner epitomizes all that is best in the tradition of early New England. As a poet and novelist, she ably continues the traditions of a family long famous in the annals of America for its scholars and great men. Her books are contributions to the history as well as the literature of America. Only one deeply imbued with the spirit of New England could so perfectly capture its peculiar charm or so vividly portray its life and characteristics. Miss Sears is truly mystical and in all her works there runs, like a delicately vibrating thread, an elusive spiritual quality which lingers long after her books have been laid aside. It is this delicate mysticism, coupled with the power of lending to the most usual occurrences a dramatic significance, that has caused her writings to be so frequently compared to Hawthorne. In reviewing "The Bell Ringer," one of the most subtly beautiful of all Miss Sears's books, the editor of the New York Herald-Tribune says: "We have not met with so Hawthorne-like a theme as this since that great magician dropped his matchless [56] it uniqu IC C ifAR:A EN, IndICOan SEA RS I^jghor, Calltar, and ]ounder [ ~hreg unie anJ hisoric Mu:sem:-ruftland:, Old S],Ir IIo:e, and qAmevrcan Indian Museum, ESTATE OF MISS CLARA ENDICOI'T SEARS, HARVA\A t,. M \SSACHIIUSETTS The beah t f "T'hae Ii 'T e P slse Se th pis e,erfei e p n'as t Io y er pen. It s a study of New England lit, emoiotin, passiot and transcendental spirituality, which must have a permanent place n our literature." nd agan we fid the Bosto erald, in its review of "The Romance of Fiddler's Greeni," s staret hilg suggestive of Hawthorne in this story of old New England. It is a work with urusual qualities The Hartford C oratt believes that in "Days of Delusion," Miss Sears "offers what is immeasurably her best work so far; it is a b1ok which should at once take rank a aa a uthoritative work of real historic irmportance"; while the Dial, that supercritical literary organ, states that "to readers of discernment the biook (BrIoson Alcott's Fruitlands') will rtmncoi nd itself as a veritable treasurer Alld so it is that one cannot discriminate in favor of one book above another. This one may hold more of interest for ione reader, that for another; but all reflect the same distinction of style, the same rare quality of mrysticism, the same indefinable charmn that characterize Miss Sears herself. iNew Thought has always interested her, ald in a volwnum etitled "Tie Power Within" she is the compiler of the works of various authors Ion this subject. Although, in subject matter and literary treatment, the books of Clara Endlcott Sears appeal most strongly to the cultured mind, her poems, which have been set to music have also won distinguished recognition and have sung their wax Into the harts of all mankind. In them rhythmic melody and verse combine and give expression to the Cmotions aid passions of a whole nation. In their universality lies their uniquel appeal. The Unfurling of the Flag," written during the turbulelit days of the World War, aind sung in church and schoolhouse throughoutt the land, has taken its place aldtgside the great 1581 patriotic songs o( Anwrica in popularity. In the stori of its co tnposition, which Miss Scars once consseted to, t rc scc at work tellstic infl ces that pervadc all hcr writings "The circumstances were so unusual that I will fell you boout it,'" wrics Mis Sears in answer to the request of an eager inquirer. "\ abhot 2 A.M, she Conti ues, "I cohuld not sleep o atccount of it, and could nort understanid is Iat Wi s lhi ilat e^. Beilntg inv nature a vert peaceful sleeper I was u itiusod ti o an schtl [ei rIollg 1 isally Is alrsc ald lighted a eaiudle, went downstairs and walked throughi t h i alt intro the dr1asl jg room aind library. I hadi ino idea what impuls ie made lie do thist but as 1 e nlered lth library, he words, 'It's the flag we've i named Old Glory that's unlfurliong to the breez/,' swept through my mind. I stopped sholit and asked tItyteif what tirs meaint. len it came again anid took po ssession of mue. returned quick y to my irooni, sat dwii'n wit paper a nd tie tihoi pencil, and wole pm came uklt, and just as it is now. When it was finishedi I rwas completely exhausted, and for two or three days seeied to have tmi strengtli its me.n 1t it it ta1 astoitasleig fanc.s that tay iaotic staiesngs onie in jot the mannter which 'Miss Sear has detscriberd, \ 'riling of "1Iir'e Uhnfurliig of the Flag," the Reverend Ralph Mi. Harper of St. Jiohns i'Episucipal Clihurch, Winthro^p. Miassachusetts says: "In both ()ld and New Testanlenlt, a writer would havt cailedi hliese worrdss divincly' inspirid. I do not believe that our Fatlier would object if to day we give him credit for this inspiratfis." Miss Sears has spent many yiars in traveling and hals culled froin all rornerst of ihe Old World costly treasures of exquisite beauty to adlorn hc:r homIes t> Boston and Harvard. Although her winter dwetlling on Beation Street has the dignity of the stately inmansions that iipat t tha par treet lthe distincttion of being one of the country's most aristcratic thoroughfares, it is "The Pergolas," Miss Scars's beautiful suo;t r rstatc, that fascinates us. Its glorious sit uation one tin of the rotst lbe'autiful hillsides in all New England is tone reason, but evein itnre than this is the fact that the houlsc is the physical embtodiment of Miss Sears's o)wns ideas of beauty. It reflects in esery lie aind contour the charm of her magnetic persontiality for Miss Sears, hcrsclf, designed and directcd every step of its conistruction, refusing to allow architect ior landscape gardener to make stcreotyped something about which she had very definhitc and triginal views of Iser own. Tihus it is that thie rortints of tli hss, a c'rtair slalt of t' rtnf, a curve of well-kept path, a bit of rustic brauty, the dignified grace of thle ild Citilttial diiorway all reveal Miss Scars as a lover and connosisseur of sure nbeauty, io matter what its fotrm. As oneas w aoluld expect, everything ticat one finstds at *'The Pergolas" has its story. The beautiful dloor, with its charsming fan light, is no0 modern rroduc on, but the origi Ial doorway bsuilt by her greatgrandfather, jioseph IPerabody, for his oldest son. The love1 I Ildy of potr6 aud eiclunat by tvintd I uia 1, whs stands mud- THE HitiNiESEg GODDSO Mtin Y merre pierc r nf statnsary. Slsd is Kisnvin, nui P11 gunrds tie peace nsf tln5 n hrngi retrea,. [5tiu} THlE BEAUT 1OF SHADED IPAlTIS l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,,I p e( str a ch, ' l iig if b e n o n o n a n d g _ 8~~~11 _ rll"~~~~~~~- n -lrrfan(X1 4t8I ot -I 9ordered 1,x Jlawr yf gentrv hi e wad shAded by tall, f ragrar p in 1 elpehippd stretch s(a se loeelhess me e fand on to sotter hesaltes thie Chiiese Go(tlddess oi.f e ficry i bini of c& ois*, so. that she mav distribute her gifts without dist crimnttitoi. E tven the old rusty cow)bll hallging ilo the Cloister tells a talc of dJas loitg gole, whe i it announced the whereabhots of some wanlderig IcntE:)er of the royal herl oned hac the faltous _ Nledici fianhly. \l l iss Sears, heslslf is al n expert judge of cattle andl. thle osrltcr of a prize herd tof (usrnsevs. 1 hr Clouistet to whlichi w hilave 'just referred is lkoated at the back ofI the h(ouse, eWacL hf o ts stone atrches frlaintg a bit of loveliness sretchlled before it. 'Ihis Cloister, where Miss Sears ctthlr writes or conceives the Ideas for iany of her bootks, ftrnishes tih rey to, her uwisde ratgs of ittelllsectu1al sympathies, iher phlilossplh of hifs- itnil i stt a Nit A fact to Mliss Sears herself. T1 this ret reat slhe CtH, R OP,i.ir, A R I,e l Etr/t I,rL lias brought royal compalnionsi each one of aisihm0, th/,, i;orti, e lo "Th'e ie''tr>t/s li (o from SoCrates, Pericles, Napoleoi, itu deoWI th dn riepodtios bs the pgin5dalstrso ages to Alcott, EIaersotr a1ud Thoreau, has bheri jlsph M/tJ s abs, f S rl:4,, forh/,is dst..... choSeii because of tlie csntribution he lhas made to ths hisry atil mule of the oils 1eestory isitot- to t re Cl fistser canlnot h) l hit share Miss Scars s a(wn belief itn the iecrriitt force f grieati spirittial rif tiiS, for Csrltitilly thle spirits of somt)i of the greatest tlitkers f all ages st te t t i sit t i One day, long before thae World War camis trailitng destrttctin atll ts rrir it its rwake, Miss Sears foundrs a old Vlcnetian palace in thes pfrocss if dltolptitt, Quick tio rsecogttize' this superbt) beautiy of stir le sletnder, cxqquiseithly-carsvd pillars of Byzantlis des iti, Ihe ts oll n arraigetl ti i hae s itheryttt trrlatspi rtedsh tit thi hoifd f a veassel saifitig out it1 (stlika folit rtierica Tc lhaV theiir lseauity cs tit ributtis thlite natus iif this' IPsrgtihasl tit Mliss S its's astate. _ tornts It is o f iourse private atids tltit otin ti tihe putilic Its intettot, luiw veves is very leasutfilh, arld its defs:urative sclut is is hike thei exterior, a sile t ht tleloquull trihisits tt Miss Sears's ielief itt thle unitversalty: f bieauty-. Amid sluch surroundinigs Miss Sears lives, nut as a ri collsecto r of beauti iful objects anid rare treasures, buit as onie who, appreciatin tshe spiritrual force that cutnceivcd sucth perfectioti, does all itt her power to spread all appreciatioml of it in a w;rld doiinmed to starve spiritually in the midst of too great materialisnm. Her thrtre museumas fulfill oilly THE CLsOIS'FR ine of their aims in the preservatisln of Jists,., sisItsres b~y ito t oto s i l' relics o f the past. TheIir greatest purp<ise is countryside, ose ca 'fisd royal comipny.. anf tiie Sgrest nitilds i( all agest os. fulfilled only if they quicken the visitor's ic ~ti appreciation of the influences that helped build and mould America, and only if they create in him a desire to preserve, in no matter how small a manner, some drop of this priceless heritage. Thus it is that the spirit of three Utopias, once thought lost, livepreserved forever by Clara Endicott Sears on Prospect Hill in the old town of Harvard, Massachusetts-in the American Indian Museum, the old Shaker House, and Fruitlands. YFINIS [62] i I I 0 THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN -I DATE DUE *; * t h R;F rN l r *:.. iX. ~' S~! ' r 1~1.. il * l' * l^o];#tz @ Sfr'' X _A s r-j. i is's T HREE LOST UOPIAS FruitlaiiV 17 tin &enter of tie grn apntdnglarded It tno mulierrn tree; Old Shtainr Hlntrn snsurrnounddb Pitts queer ittfn t.u and thn Annadnan Indian Al at ane ans ner in i'ts lack otado~rament,92Z are i e memori~als w A ha.? been rescueEgd tran oblivion a res tored by Clara 1icott Sear o A 6rvp1cf Hill, Harvard,1 Massachusetts l I %I III I 1 9 1 II I 0ll7II llll 3 9015 00227 5793 O... *< '~ _...~ - *,m* - *. s, *..,.I.. f r < t.*.~. it ' t '~ ~ ' It