- I'0 V) lefloI I SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 59 KUTENAI TALES BY FRANZ BOAS TOGETHER WITH TEXTS ALEXANDER FRANCIS COLLECTED BY CHAMBERLAIN WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1918 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY, Washington, D. C., March 3, 1915. Sm: I respectfully submit herewith for your consideration the manuscript of a work entitled "Kutenai Tales," by Franz Boas, "together with texts collected by Alexander Francis Chamberlain," with the recommendation that this mnaterial be published, with your approval, as Bulletin 59 of this Bureau. Yours, very respectfully, F. W. HODGE, Ethnologist-in-Charge. Dr. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. III PREFACE -THE following collection of Kutenai tales embraces a series of texts collected by the late Alexander F. Chamberlain in 1891, and another one collected by me in the summer of 1914. The texts collected by Dr. Chamberlain were told by two menPaul, who, according to information received in 1914, lived near St. Eugene Mission, and who had spent some time among the Blackfeet; and Michel, who belonged to the same region. The name of the narrator of the Lower Kutenai tales is given in "The International Congress of Anthropology" (Chicago, 1894) as Angi McLaughlin. The texts recorded by Chamberlain are brief. It should be remembered that these were recorded on the first field expedition ever undertaken by Dr. Chamberlain, and that it requires a considerable amount of practice to record long tales. This accounts to a great extent for the fragmentary character of his notes. Among.the texts collected by me, one was told by Pierre Andrew, a man about 33 years of age, who has a good command of English. He is not able, however, to interpret with any considerable degree of accuracy the grammatical forms of Kutenai, so that his own translation is always a rather free rendering of the Indian sentences. Two tales were told by Pierre Nuria, an older man, who, however, spoke so rapidly that the tales had to be redictated by Pierre Andrew, who served as interpreter. Three other talcs were told in the same way by Mission Joe, a man about 60 years old, whose dictation was repeated by Felix Andrew, a young man who speaks English very well, but whose ability to interpret the Indian texts word by word was even less than that of Pierre Andrew. One tale was told by Felix Andrew himself and was recorded by Mr. Robert T. Aitken. The rest of the stories were told by Barnaby, a man about 60 years of age, who, after very short practice, learned to speak slowly and distinctly, and whose dictation was perfectly satisfactory. All these tales were recorded without translation; and the translation was made later on, in part with the assistance of Pierre Andrew, in part with that of Felix Andrew. All my informants were Upper Kutenai, and the revision of Chamberlain's tales was also made by Upper Kutenai; so that the dialectic forms of the Lower Kutenai have probably disappeared. It is interesting to note that Barnaby refused to tell the Mosquito story (p. 25), because, as he said, it was proper for children, not for adults. I wish to express my sincere thanks for much kindly assistance rendered to me in the course of my work by Rev. F. E. Lambot, O. M. I., and the Sisters in charge of the Government School of St. Eugene. E FRANZ BOAS COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY New York CONTENTS Page ALPHABET ----------------- ------------------------------------------------xi L. TEXTS COLLECTED By ALEXANDER F. CHAMB3ERLAIN IN 1891 (Nos. 1-44) [NOS. 1-23 (WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION). TOLD BY PAUL] 1. Coyote and Fox----------------------------------------------------------1 2. Coyote and Locust--------------------------------------------..... I 3. Coyote and Locust--------------------------------------------------------3 4. Coyote and Grizzly'Bear----------------------------------------.... 5 5. Coyote goes visiting-------------------------------------------..... 8 6. Coyote and Buffalo-------------------------------------------..... 12 7. Coyote and Butterfly-----------------------------------------------------16 8. Coyote and Grouse-------------------------------------------------------17 9. Coyote and Star---------------------------------------------------------17 10. Coyote and the woman---------------------------------------------------1s 11. Coyote and the man~itou with the hat................................. 19 12. Coyote and the Ducks---------------------------------------------------19 13. Coyote and Owl---------------------------------------------...... 20 14. Chickadee and Elk-------------------------------------------..... 21 15. Frog and Partridge------------------------------------------------------21 16. Beaver and Turtle-------------------------------------------------------22 17. Skunk and Panther-------------------------------------------------------.23 18. The Mosquito-----------------------------------------------------------25 19. The Man and the Wasps--------------------------------------------------26 20. Lamne Knee............................................................. 26 21. The youth who killed the chiefs......................................... 28 22. The white man......................................................... 33 23. The Frenchman and his daughters........................................ 34 [NOS. 24-31 (NOS. 24 AND 25 WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION). TOLD BY MICHEL] 24. Coyote and Owl.................................................. 37 25. Coyote and Trout....................................................... 39 26. Skunk and Panther.................................................... 40 27. The Deluge............................................................. 40 28. Chicken Hawk and Toad.......................................... 42 29. Race of Frog and Antelope............................................... 42 30. The woman and the giant.............................. I.................. 42 31L. The two Tsa'kap......................................................... 44 [NOS. 32-37, LOWER KUJTENAI. TOLD BY ANGI MCLAUGHLIN] 32. Chipmunk and Owl................................................ 46 33. The Sun................................................................ 48 34. Fox and Skunk.................................................. 48 35. Coyote and Caribou..................................................... 50 36. Coyote and Owl.................................................. 50 37. Coyote and Deer........................................................ 50 vnl VIII CONTENTS % [NOS. 38--44 (WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION). DESCRIPTION OF DANCES, GAMES, AND HUNTING] Page 38. Kissing dance----------------------------------------------------... 50 39. Sun dance--------------------------------------------------------... 50 40. Manitou performance-----..----------------------------------------- 52 41. Medicine performance -------------------------------------------- 52 42. Gambling ------------------------------------------------------- 52 43. Games---------------------------------------------------------- 52 44. Hunting on the plains ---------------- ---------------------------- 52 II. TEXTS COLLECTED By FRANZ BOAS (Nos. 45-77) [NO. 45 (WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION). TOLD By PIERRE ANDREW] 45. Rabbit, Coyote, Wolf, and Grizzly Bear----------------------------... 55 [NOS. 46 AND 47. TOLD BY PIERRE NUMA AND PIERRE ANDREW] 46. Frog and Chipmunk------------------------------------------..... 58 47. Coyote and Buffalo----------------------------------------------- 60 [Nos. 48-50. TOLD BY MISSION JOE AND FELIX ANDREW] 48. The animals and the Sun--------------------------------------..... 66 49. Coyote's contests--------------------------------------------...... 68 50. The war on the sky ---*-------------------------------------------- 72 [NO. 51. TOLD BY FELIX ANDREW (RECORDED BY ROBERT T. AITKEN)] 51. The giant ---------------------------------------------------------- 82 [NOS. 52-77. TOLD BY BARNABY] 52. Nalmoiqtse* ------------------------------ ----------------------- 84 53. Ya.uku"e'ka-m ------------------------------------------------------ 88 (a) The birth of Ya.ukue/1,kam-..--.........------------------------.88 (b) Ya.ukue/1jka-m obtains arrow wood---------------------------... 92 (c) Ya.ukue/1ka-m obtains feathers----------------------------------.. 98 (d) Ya.ukue,'ika-m obtains the arrow straightener -------------------- 100 (e) Ya~ukue/1ka~m obtains sinew-------------------------------....104 (f) Ya.ukue11kamI obtains flint------------------------------------..104 (g) Ya.ukue/'ika~m obtains bow wood-------------------------------..108 (h) Ya.ukue/,ka~m goes to the end of the world-----------------------..108 54. Coyote and Ya.ukue'1kam------------------------------------------......110 (a) Coyote and the fat --------------------------------------......110 (b) Coyote and the Giant------------------------------------.....112 (c) Coyote and the Thunderbirds ----------------------------------- 112 (d) The animals make the Sun............a-------------------------116 (e) The Lynx children--------------------------------------.....118 (d) The animals make the Sun (continued) ------------------------- 118 55. The people try to kill Ya~ukue/'ikam.................................. 120 56. Coyote and Dog--------------------------------------------.......126 (a) Coyote misses the Deer----------------------------------.....126 (b) Coyote roasts shrews-------------------------------------.....128 57. Coyote and Gri he Beavrs.......................................... 140 CONTENTS ix Page 58. Coyote and Fox ----------------------------------------- 142 (a) Young Coyote and Young Fox steal the hoop----------------... ---42 (b) Coyote gambles with Salmon------------------------------....150 (c) Salmon Woman tries to drown Coyote------------------------:...152 (d) Salmon Woman tries to kill Coyote in her tent------------------..154 (e) Fox kills Salmon---------------------------------------.....156 (f) Turtle rescues the Salmon head-----------------------------....160 59. Coyote and the Ducks---------------------------------------......160 60. Coyote kills Panther and liberates the Salmon------------------------- 164 (a) Coyote kills Panther------------------------------------.....164 (b) Coyote pretends to be Panther----------------------------....168 (c) Coyote steals the Salmon---------------------------------....170 (d) Coyote liberates Salmon----------------------------------.....172 (e) Coyote meets the fisherman Wolverene-----------------------...174 (f) Coyote meets the fisherman Sparrow-------------------------...176 (g) Coyote leads the Salmon into the fish trap---------------------...176 61. Origin of the seasons-----------------------------------------.... 0178 62. Coyote juggles with his eyes-----------------------------------.....182 63. Coyote and Deer--------------------------------------------......186 64. Coyote and Tree Chief---------------------------------------......190 (a) Coyote becomes Tree Chief's friend--------------------------....190 (b) Coyote tries to kill Tree Chief-----------------------------....190 (c) Wolf rescues Tree Chief-------------------------------------- 194 (d) Tree Chief provides food for his grandparents------------------...194 (e) Tree Chief visits the town of Golden Eagle--------------------...198 (f) Tree Chief provides food for the people----------------------...204 (g) The end of the world------------------------------------.....210 65. Raven---------------------------------------------------.......212 (a) The origin of death-------------------------------------.....212 (b) Why the ant has a thin waist------------------------------....212 (c) Raven hides the game-----------------------------------.....212 66. The Deluge-----------------------------------------------.......218 67. Wolf-----------------------------------------------------........224 68. Skunk---------------------------------------------------.......230 69. Frog and Antelope------------------------------------------......244 70. The Star husband-------------------------------------------......246 71. Little Sun-------------------------------------------------.......248 72. Pine Cone-------------------------------------------------.......260 73. The Kuyo/ukue---------------------------------------------.......266 74. The great epidemic------------------------------------------......268 75. The giant-------------------------------------------------.......272 76. The giant-------------------------------------------------........272 77. The mother-in-law taboo--------------------------------------......278 III. ABSTRACTS AND COMPARATIVE NOTES Abstracts and comparative notes-----------------------------------.....281 eIV. VOCABULARY Kutenai-English----------------------------------------------......313 English-Kutenai----------------------------------------------......352 ALPHABET VOWELS a ei ou (a) e u,) a i U aa e ii Ou CONSONANTS -.... (dl) p t ts k, ku q P! t! ts! k!, k!u q - - s -- (x) X m n -- - - -- hi, w, y, long sounds. ~ very long sounds. Wshort sounds. principal stress accent. Nsecondary stress accent. separate sounds, particularly in t.s and t0, indicating that these sounds are not affricatives. - high tone. A sinking tone. DESCRIPTION OF SOUNDS e, i represent a sound which is by. origin probably a somewhat open i. In contact with velars and palatals, it inclines toward the sound of e. When long, the sound is always slightly diphthongized. o, u represent a u with very slight rounding of lips. In contact with velars, it inclines toward the sound of o. When long, the sound is always slightly diphthongized. (aC), e, u open vowels, often followed by long consonants. u open short, about as German U- in HMtte. The pronunciation of this vowel differs very much among individuals. Some pronounce a clear t; others a u. All admit that both these extreme forms are correct. I Only in Coyote's pronunciation. x1 xII ALPHABET a, 1, u vocalic resonance of consonants. a, e, i, u short weak vowels, very slightly voiced. E very weak vowel of indeterminate timber, lips, palate, and tongue almost in rest position, larynx not raised. aa, e1, ii, Ou diphthongized vowels, ending with a decided glottal stricture, so as to be set off from the following consonants, without, however, forming a complete glottal stop. p, t, ts, k, kU, q strongly aspirated surd stops (k labialized, q velar). ts is pronounced by many individuals as tc; but careful speakers, particularly old men, pronounced a clear ts. When followed by w or y, the stops lose some of the strength of their aspiration. Terminal k is somewhat palatalized, except when it follows a u. p!, t!, ts!,. k!, q! very strong glottalized consonants (fortis). ts! has in its continuant part a pure s character. s as in English. x velar spirant. I voiceless 1. dl voiced affricative, only in the word kudlidlus (" butterfly"). m, n often strongly sonant, with sonancy beginning suddenly before complete labial or lingual closure. ' glottal stop. aspiration. All surd stops are strongly aspirated, but the aspiration has been indicated only in words beginning with aa. The primary accent is always on the penultima, the weak vowels, a, 1, U, not being counted. KUTTINAI TALES By FRANZ BOAS TOGETHER WITH TEXTS Collected by ALEXANDER FRANCIS CHAMBERLAIN I. TEXTS COLLECTED BY ALEXANDER F. CHAMBERLIAIN IN 1891 (Nos. 1-44) [Nos. 1-23. Told by Paul] 1. COYOTE AND FOX Coyote started. He saw Fox. Coyote said: "Give me your blanket. Let us be friends." Coyote said: "Let us go." Fox said: "Yes, let us be friends." Then he started. He went along. He saw people. There were many tents. Then they had a race. 2. COYOTE AND LocusT Coyote went along. He saw Locust. He said to him: "Give me your shirt. If you give it to me, you will be my younger brother. 1. COYOTE AND FOX Ts!t a'xe' sk'n-ku-ts. n'u'pcane- na''k!eyo's. qake'ine' sk'n-kuots He started Coyote. He saw Fox. He said Coyote: hamatt'ktsu se't!ne-s. huts!cn'ala'ane_ swu'timo. ta'xas qake'ine" Give me your blanket. We shall be friends." Then said sk'n-ku'ts hults!naxa'ala. qake'ine- na-'k!eyo he- ta'sas Coyote: " Let us go." He said Fox: " Yes, now huts!enala'ane- swu'timo. ta'xas ts!ena'xe'. qa'na'xe-. n'u'pane* we shall be friends." Then he started. He went along. He saw a'qlsma'kink!s. yu-naqa'ane aa'ket.la'e-s. ta'xas n'etk'n-e' 5 people. Many were their tents. Then he made kalnuxu'kna-m. a race. 2. COYOTE AND LocusT Qaona'xe' sk'/n-ku ts. n'u'pZane aa,'kuk.l1ako'wum's. qak'IneHe went along Coyote. Hle saw Locust. He said to him: hamatc'ktsu aa'qa-twumla'atinis. henamate'ktsa-p hentsxal'e'n-e"Give me your shirt. If you give it to me you will be 1 See No. 57, p. 140. 855430--Bull. 59 -18-1 1 2 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 I shall carry you." He said to him: "Don't, we shall be brothers." Coyote started. He carried Locust. The two went. He saw Grizzly Bear coming. Locust said: "Put me off." He was put off. There was a cliff, on the edge of which he staid. (Grizzly Bear Woman) arrived, and (Locust) scared her, and (Grizzly Bear) fell down. Coyote went back. He went around. He reached the place where Grizzly Bear lay. He ate her. He took her out of the fire. He took the meat and the fat. He ate. He tied it up. Coyote started. He carried Locust. He went along. He saw Grizzly Bear (Man) coming. Locust said: "Put me off." Coyote said: "It is my turn. Let me scare him." (Grizzly Bear) arrived. Coyote became a stump. Grizzly Bear arrived. He said: "Let me bite him." He saw it was Coyote. Coyote said: "I am Coyote. Let us start." He knew where Locust was. Coyote said to Grizzly Bear: "Will you eat grease?" Grizzly Bear said: "Yes, I'll eat it." Coyote untied ka'tsa*. a'tutsxalxonf'sine'. qak.la'pse' maats huts!en'ala'anomy younger I shall carry you." He said to him: " Don't! we shall be brother. tsa'atemo. ts!ena'xe" sk'n'-ku'ts. nalxo'une* aa'kuk.lako'wum's. brothers." He started Coyote. He carried the Locust. qa-nak/kine'. n'u'pxane* k.la'wlas ska'se'. qa'ke'ine' aa'kuk.lako'wum The two went. He saw Grizzly Bear coming. He said Locust: pesxo'unu. pesxo'lne- sn-umu'k!se* /nta's. qaosaqa'ane'. wa'.e'. "Put me off!" He was put off where was a cliff, at edge. There he staid. He arrived. 5 naq!maXqo',ne*ts wa't!mta'ktse'ite*. la'qanxa'xe' sken'ku-ts. He scared her and made her fall down. He went back Coyote. qakxalaka'me-nqa 'tse'. qaoxa'xe* qa'kqa'pse k.la'wlas. n''kjne'. He went around. He reached where lay Grizzly Bear. He ate it. la.upkak!o'une*. tsukua'te* aa'ku'laaks aa'q!u'taals. n'f'kine-. He took it out of fire. He took meat fat. He ate. n'ctuk!sa'ane-. ts!ena'xe- ske'n-ku'ts. nalxo'une" aa'kuk.lako'wum's. He fried it. He started Coyote. He carried Locust. qa-na'xe'. n'u'prane" ska'se* k.ia'wlas. qake'ine- aa'kuk.lako'wum He went along. He saw coming Grizzly Bear. He said Locust: 10 pesxo'unu. qake'ine- ske'nku'ts la'ts ka'min huts! smnt"Put me off." He said Coyote: "In turn I I myself shall haq!maxo'une*. qaoxa'xe' sk/n'ku'ts. n'enqa'pte-k a5'qulu'k!pko. scare him." He arrived Coyote. He became a stump. qawaka'e-~ k.la'wla. qake'ine- hul'tet!a. n'uf'p.Xano* He arrived Grizzly Bear.,He said: " Let me bite He saw him." n''nse- sk/en-kuts'. qake'ine- ske'n-ku-ts hun'/n'e" sk/n'ku'ts. it was Coyote. He said Coyote: "I am Coyote. hults!naxa'ata. n'u'pxane- sa.usaqa'pse" aa'kuk.lako'wum's. qaLet us start." He knew where was Locust. He said 15 k'Ilne- k.la'wlas ske'n-ku-ts kcmtsxa'Fle'k aa'q!u'tal. qake'1neto him to Grizzly Coyote: "Will you eat grease?" He said Bear k.la'wla he- - hutsxalYkine*. n'aqte'ite- ka'lxo- ske'n-ku-ts. Grizzly "Yes, I will eat it." He untied what Coyote. Bear: carried BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 3 what he was carrying. He gave it to him. (Grizzly Bear) saw it. Grizzly Bear said: "Did you not see an old woman? She must have passed here." Coyote said that he had not seen anything. Coyote said: "It is Beaver, therefore it is fat." Grizzly Bear said: "It is not Beaver." Coyote said: "You ought to have said, 'It is the old woman."' Coyote started to run. Coyote was going along. (Grizzly Bear) pursued him. Grizzly Bear thought: " First let me bite the little one." Grizzly Bear thought he was on the right trail. "Later on, after I have bitten him, I will bite (this one)." Grizzly Bear started. He pursued Coyote. Coyote went along. He was tired. He chased him around the tree. He fell down and thrust his hand into a (buffalo) horn. Coyote pursued Grizzly Bear. He overtook him. He struck him. Coyote turned back. 3. COYOTE AND LoCUST Coyote went along. He saw Locust. He (Locust) carried his leg. Coyote saw it. Coyote thought: "Let me also break my leg." namate'ktse*. tseika'te'. qake'ine- k.1'/wla kcnqa.upxa'ke'l t'Ina He gave it to him. He saw it. He said Grizzly "Did you not see an old Bear: woman? nas qa'kilqaha'xe". qake'ine- ske'n-ku*ts lu'ne- la'tseika'te*. qake'ine* Here she must have passed." He said Coyote nothing he saw. He said ske'n-ku-ts n'Tn'e' sen'a slaqalsekine*. qake'ine" k.Ia'wla qa./'n*e" Coyote: "It is beaver, therefore it is fat." He said Grizzly "It is not Bear: s/n'a. qake'ine- sk'n'ku'ts xmanqake'ino n''n'e' tt'lna. no-tscnqkubeaver." He said Coyote: " Ought you to have 'It is old He started said, woman.'" peke'me'k skc'n-ku-ts. qana'xe' ske'nku-ts. mntyaxna'pse'. qalwi'yne" 5 to run Coyote. He went along Coyote. He pursued him. He thought k.la'wla hu'paaks hulsl't!xa na ktsaqu'na. qalwi'yne' k.la'wla Grizzly Bear: "First let me bite this little one." He thought Grizzly Beat ksu'kqanme'te-k. ta'xta hunul'et!xa'mi-1 kutsxal'let!xa. ts!na'xehe was on right trail. "Later on after I have bitten him I'll bite him." He started k.la'wla. metya'xane* ske'n-kuts'. qa'na'xe' sk/n'ku'ts. nukulu'kune'. Grizzly Bear. He pursued Coyote. He went along Coyote. He was tired. aa'kets!a'e'ns na'kamenla'tnota'pse*. qanaxu'ne" qanaq!aleixo*'me*k A tree he chased him arotnd it. He fell down; he thrust his hand into aa'ku'ql-'s. metya'xane~ sk'n*ku'ts k.la'wlas. laxanxo',ne*. 10 a horn. He pursued Coyote (subj.) Grizzly Bear (obj.). He overtook him. qanla'lte'. la'luqualqa'tse' sk/n'ku'ts. He struck him. He turned back Coyote. 3. COYOTE AND LOCUST Qa'na'xe" sk'n-ku'ts. n'u'pxane- aa'kuk.lako'wum's. nalxo',neHe went along Coyote. He saw Locust. He carried S aa'ksa'q!e's. n'u'pxane- sk/'n'ku'ts. qalwi'yne* sk'/n'ku-ts a'a'ke his leg. He saw it Coyote. He thought Coyote; "Also 4 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 Then Coyote broke his leg. He carried it. Then Coyote started. Coyote carried his leg. He saw Locust. Locust said: "Is there any one similar to me?" Coyote said: "I am that way, too." Locust said: "We shall be friends." Then Locust said: "Now, go ahead. You go first." Then Coyote started ahead. Behind him was Locust. He went along. He thought: "I shall kill Coyote." Then Coyote ran. He went way around. He caught up with him and went ahead. He went along. He was tired. Locust reached him. He kicked him. Locust killed Coyote. Locust started. He went along. Coyote lay there for several days. Magpie flew along. He saw Coyote lying there. He thought: "Let me eat Coyote's eyes; he is dead." Then Magpie ate Coyote's eyes. Coyote came back to life. Coyote said: "A manitou passed by here. He carried ka'min hul'um'tskm kaa'a'ksaq!. ta'xas n'umetske'n'e- aa'ksa'q!e's I * let me break my leg." Then he broke his leg ske'n-ku'ts. nalxo',ne. ta'xas ts!ma'xe' sk/n-ku-ts. nalxo',neCoyote. He carried it. Then he started Coyote. He carried aa'ksa'q!e's sk/n'ku-ts. n'u'pxane" aa'kuk.lako'wum's. qake1inehis leg Coyote.. He saw Locust. He said a'akuk.lako'wum a'a'ke* k.lqa'qa qa'psin' huya'aqaqapm/ike*. Locust: "Also is there something that is like me? " 5 qake'ine* sk/'n'ku-ts a'a'ke' ka'min huqaqa'ane'. qake'ine' He said Coyote: "Also I am that way." He said " a'kuk.lako'wum huts!enala'ane- swo'timo. ta'xas qake'ineLocust: "We shall be friends." Then said aa'kuk.lako'wum ta'xa lu'n-u n'nko u's'me'k. ta'xas ts!na'xeLocust: "Now go ahead you first." Then started n''n*e" u's'me'ks sk/'nku'ts. ilna'ha-ks aa'kuk.lako'wum. qa'na'xe'. he first Coyote. Behind Locust. He went along. qalwi'yne- hul'u'pi-l sken'ku-ts. ta'xas ts!ma'kine' sk/'n'ku-ts. He thought: " Let me kill Coyote!" Then he ran Coyote. 10 n',tkckqla-'lalqa'tse'. alalaxanxo'une' qa'yaqa'na'xe'. qa-na'xe'. He went way around. He caught up with him he went ahead. He went along. nuk.lu'kune'. la-xa'xe- aa'kuk.lako'wum. qanaql/kxane'. n'ip/Ane' He was tired. He reached him Locust. He kicked him. He killed him sk/n'ku-ts" aa'kuk.lako'wum. ts!na'xe" aa'kuk.lako'wum. qa'na'xe'. Coyote (obj.) Locust (subj.). He started Locust. He went along. na'qsanmi'yet.s qakqa'ane~ sk/n'ku'ts. qa-na'n-oxo'une- a'n'an. Several days he lay there Coyote. He flew along Magpie. n'u'pxane- sakqa'pse- sk/n'ku'ts'. qalwi'yne- hul'e'kimi1 aa'kaq'l/'e's He saw him lying there Coyote. He thought: " Let me eat his eyes 15 ske'n-ku-ts pa'- ks/'l'ep. ta'xas n'e'kine- a'n'an aa'kaqld'e'se's Coyote's, he has been Then he ate.Magpie his eyes dead." skc'n'ku'ts'. sk/'n'ku'ts la-etq!a'nxa'm'ne'. qake'ine sk/n'ku-ts Coyote's. Coyote came back to life. He said Coyote: o0As]S KUTENAI TALES 5 his leg and killed me." Coyote started and went back. He saw Locust. He slapped himself. Out came his corpses.' He said to them: "Tell me, how shall I kill him?" He was told by one of them: "He is always carrying his leg." He was told by the other one: "I shall be a knife. I shall be on the sole of your foot. When you overtake him and he says, 'You shall go ahead,' you shall say, 'You go ahead."' Locust started. Coyote was behind. Coyote ran. He overtook Locust. He kicked him. Coyote killed Locust. Enough. 4. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR Coyote went along. He saw \izzly Bear's dung, unchewed wild rhubarb. Coyote laughed. Coyote, took Grizzly Bear's dung. Coyote hung Grizzly Bear's dung on a pole in a line. He laughed. Coyote started. Grizzly Bear was staying there. He thought: "Let naas qaha'xeo n pe'k!a. nablo',ne- aa'ksa'q!e-s n'upla'pine'. ts!ena'xe" Here passed a manitou. He carried his leg and killed me." He started sk'n' kuZts laza'Xe'. n'u'pIane- aa'kuk.lako'wum's. qanla'Ite k' Coyote and went He saw Locust. He slafed back. himself. n'akaxo'se aa'kuq!layet!n'e-s. qake'lne- tsxanata'pkil kaas Out came his corpses (dung). He said to them: "Tell me, how kutsaaqal'u'pei. k!o'k!we-'s qak.la'pse- pe/e'k!a-ks n'upsla-'tiyi-lqalshall I kill him?" By one- he was told: "Already always he carries go',ne aa'ksa'q!e-s. k!o'k!we-'s qak.la'pse- ka'min 'hutscal'e'n-e 5 his leg." By the other he was told: "I shall be aa'ktsa'ma -1. aa'k.l'kine-s hutsqa'kelq!a'ane. hen'i-nalaxa'me-1 a knife. The sole of your I shall hang at it. when you overtake foot him qa'k.le-s ne'nko u's'me-k e'n-en' hcnts!qake'lne nt'nko i'nen' u's'me-kif he says, 'You first be,' you will say to him, 'IYou be first.' " ts!ena'xe aa'kuk.lako'wum ilna'ha-ks n'e'n-e- ske'n-ku-ts. ts!cna-'kineHe started Locust,.behind was he Coyote. He ran ske'n-ku-ts. laxa'xe aa'kuk.lako'wum's. qa-nak.1e'k)ane-. n'ipe'lneCoyote. He overtook Locust. Hle kicked him. He killed him aa'kuk.lako'wum's ske'n-ku ts. ta'xas. him 10 Locust (obj.) Coyote (subj.). Enough. 4. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR Qa na'xe' ske'n-ku-ts. n'u'p:ane- aa'q!ul'c'se's k.la'wlas qaa'qtsxaneHe went along Coyote. He saw his dung Grizzly Bear's, not chewed wu'm'a'Is. n'uma'tsine ske'nku-ts. tsuk"a'te. aa'q!ul''se s k.la'wlas wild rhubarb. He laughed Coyote. He took his dung Grizzly Bear's sken ku-ts. ne'lilqa-hetsxomu'n-e k.la'wlas aa'q!ul''se -s ske'n-ku -ts. Coyote. He hung it on a pole in a line Grizzly Bear's dung Coyote. n'uma'tsine-. ts!ena'xe- skt'n'ku ts. qaosaqa'ane- k.la'wla. qalwi'yneHe laughed. He started Coyote. There staid Grizzly Bear. He thought: 1 Two pieces of dung. 6 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETIHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 me go (and see) why Coyote is always laughing." Grizzly Bear went there. He saw his dung hanging there. Grizzly Bear became angry. He thought:- "Let me go and kill Coyote." Grizzly Bear started. He saw Coyote coming. He thought: "What does Coyote like?" Grizzly Bear thought: "Let me make sisketoon' berries." He made sisketoon berries. He staid there. He thought: "I shall bite him right here." Coyote went along. He saw many sisketoon berries. He went there; he ate and spit them out again. Coyote said: "If Grizzly Bear had seen this, what an amount of dung there would be!" Coyote started. Grizzly Bear was angry. He thought: "If I don't bite you!" Coyote went along ahead. Grizzly Bear made choke cherries just at that place. Coyote went there. He ate and spit them out again. Then Coyote started. Then (Grizzly Bear thought): "I shall bite you." Coyote went along ahead. Just there Grizzly Bear made large rose hips. Coyote went there. He saw many rose hips. Then hults!ena'meil qa'psins sla'qala'tjyil'u'mats sken'ku'ts. qaoxa'xe* "Let me go * what long time laughs Coyote." He went there k.la'wla. n'u'pxane- aa'q!u'i'e's sakilq!a'nse'. sa'nedwi'yne- k.la'wla. Grizzly Bear. He saw his dung hanging. He became angry Grizzly Bear. qalwi'yne- hults!na'meil hul'u'peil sk/'nku'ts. ts!tna'xe- k.lawla. He thought: "Let me go let me kill Coyote." He started Grizzly Bear. n'u'pxane- ska'se- ske'n-ku-ts-. qalwi'yne- qa'psins n'c'n'e-ns ktsla'keil He saw coming Coyote. He thought: "What does he like 5 sk/n'ku-ts. qalwi'"yne- k.la'wla hul'e'itkn sq!u'm'o. n'ctk/ne'sq!'m-os. Coyote?" He thought Grizzly "Let me sisketoon He made sisketoon, Bear: make berries." berries. qaosaqa'ane'. qalwi'yne" naasts kutsqaakil'i't!xa. qa-na'xe" sk/n'He staid there. He thought: "Here I shall bite him." He went along Coyku'ts. n'u'pxane' yu'naqa'pse's sq!u'mo's. qaoxa'xe- n''kine-ts ote. He saw "many sisketoon berries. He went there; he ate and la'matqlaxwa'ate-. qake'ine- sk/n-ku'ts la.esnakatni'kte't k.la'wla he spit them out again. He said Coyote: "If he had seen this Grizzly Bear, xma la'akasqantslaq!uxne'jle-k. ts!na'xe sk/n'ku-ts. sa'nelwi'yne* how big he would have defecated." He started Coyote. He was angry 10 k.la'wla. qalwi'yne" hulntsxalqa'et!xanesine'. qa-na'xe- sk/n'ku-ts Grizzly Bear. He thought: "If I do not bite you." He went along Coyote u's'me-ks. qaoxal'itkene- aa'ke-'lma'k!s k.la'wla. qaoxa'xe' skin-- * first. Just there he made choke cherries Grizzly Bear. He went there Coyku-ts. n'Y'kine* lamatqlaxwa'ate*. ta'xas ts!na'xe- sk/n'ku'ts. ote. He ate he spit it out again. Then he started Coyote. ta'xas huts'et!xane'sine*., qa'na'xe~ sk/'nku-ts u's'me-ks. qaoxal'tt. Then "I shall bite you." He went along Coyote first. There k/n'e' wuq!o'pe's2 k.la'wla. qaoxa'xe- sk/'nku'ts. n'u'planehe made large rose hips (?) Grizzly Bear. He went there Coyote. He saw I Service berries. 2 Similar to rose hips (q!u'lwa), but larger. BOAS] KUTTENAI TALES 7 he ate. He stood there eating. He saw many rose hips in the bushes. He went to the place where there were many rose hips. There was Grizzly Bear. Then Coyote shut his eyes and chewed rose hips. He did not see Grizzly Bear. [He was lying there.] He went there to pick and eat them. Grizzly Bear took hold of him together with the bushes. Grizzly Bear said: "What did you say?" Coyote said: "I said, 'I wonder whether Grizzly Bear is hungry.'" Grizzly Bear said: "No, you said something else."--"No, I said, 'I wonder whether Grizzly Bear is hungry.' "-"No, I didn't mean that first; I said that before??." He hit him while saying so; Coyote hit Grizzly Bear with his elbow. Coyote ran off quickly. Nothing runs so fast as he was running. Coyote started. Coyote was pursued by Grizzly Bear. Coyote went along. Grizzly Bear made many turns. Grizzly Bear caught up with him. Coyote went ahead. yu-naqa'pse' q!u'lwaas. many rose hips. ta'xas n'e'kine'. Then he ate. ya'wetsi'nt!xa'me'k. He stood eating. n'u'pxane- lo qtsqa-'haks yu-naqa'pse* wuq!o'pe-s'. He saw in the thick (bushes) many rose hips (?). q H laoxa'xe' e went there ta'xas Then ya'kelyu-naqa'pske' to where there were many wuq!o'pe's. rose hips (?). saosaqa'ane- k.la'wla. There was Grizzly Bear. ts!o 'pnla'te'qle.xa'me'k sk/'nku-ts wuq!o:'pe's'. qa.u'pxane- k.la'whe shut his eyes and chewed Coyote rose hips (?). Not he saw Grizzly la's. [slqa'oxakqa'pse'.] qa'oxualhalq!at!e'xa'me'k. net!qaoxa- 5 Bear. [He was lying there.] He went there to pick and eat them. He took q!o'nawo'kmnmun'a'pse- k.la'wla. qake'ine- k.la'wla qa- ke'nskil'a'hold of him with the bushes Grizzly Bear. He said Grizzly "What did you Bear: qake'ikil. qake'ine- ske'n-ku-ts ma koqua'ke- laa^qak.la'tenkekino',ksay?" He said Coyote: " I said, ' I wonder whether he may be tse'k k.la'wla. qake'ine- k.la'wla wa'ha ma ken'ak!lana'ke'. wa'ha hungry Grizzly He said Grizzly Bear: "No, you said differently." - "No, Bear.'" ma koqua'ke* laa-'qak.la'tnkekino'uktse-k k.ia'wla. wa'ha hoqa.e'I said, 'I wonder whether he may be hungry Grizzly Bear.'"' - "No, I did not 1/kte* qo ho'pa-k qo- ta-x ma hu'skilqake'ine'. naIatke'kelq!anluk- 10 mean that first that then I said before." He hit him while saying.o',me-k neiS qaqkupnu'qtaptsek!ane'ya'xane' k.lawlas ske'nku'ts. so, that he hit hin with his elbow Grizzly Bear (obj.) Coyote. no tsenqkupe'ke'me k ske'n'ku ts. xa'tsqa'nuxu'neke'me k kts!mHe ran off quickly Coyote. Nothing runs as fast running ma'lqa. ts!ma'xe' ske'n-ku-ts. miteyaxna'pse- k.la'wla sk'n-ku'ts*. together(?). He started Coyote. He was pursued by Grizzly Bear Coyote. qa'na'xe- sk'n-ku-ts. n'Atkekqla-'alqa''tse" sk/'nku-ts. la'laxanHe went along. Coyote. He made many turns Coyote. He caught xo'une- k.la'wla. qa'yaqa'na'xe'. qa-na'xe- ske'n-kuits. n'ctkekqla'- 15 up Grizzly Bear. He went ahead. He went along Coyote. He made 8 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 He went along. Coyote made many turns. Then Coyote became tired. He asked for the help of the manitous. He said to them: "Tell me, what shall I do? Grizzly Bear is pursuing me." He was told by one of them: "I shall be a river." He was told by another one: "I shall be a tree." He was told by another one: "I shall be a tent. Then when Grizzly Bear comes, you will come out, you will say to him, 'Dead!1 you wish you could bite me.'" A tree was bobbing up and down. He said to him: "I shall hold the tree with my feet." He held it with his foot. (The Bear) walked across the water. He just came to the middle. He was in the middle over the water. Coyote let go of the tree [with his foot]. Then it bobbed up and down again. Grizzly Bear fell into the water. He was drowned. Enough. 5. COYOTE GOES VISITING Coyote had a tent and was married to Dog. He told his children: "Over there is the tent of your uncles; they are never hungry; you lalq'a-'tse- sk/n'ku-ts. ta'xas nuk.lu'kune- sk/n'ku-ts. n'akm'"nte'. many turns Coyote. Then became tired Coyote. He asked for the help of the manitous. qak'/ne" tsxa'nata'pkeil kaas kul'aqa'ke'n skanuta'pine- k.la'wla. He said to "Tell me, *what shall I do? he pursues me Grizzly them: Bear.'" k!o'k!we's qak.la'pse- ka'min hutsxal''n-e-" aa'knmmi'tuk. k!o'k!we's By one he was told: "I shall be a river." By one qak.Ia'pse" ka'min hutsxal'/n'e" aa'kets!la'e-n. k!o'k!we-s qak.la'pse" he was told: "I shall be a tree." By one he was told: 5 ka'min hutsxal'/n'e* aa'kit.la-'nam. ta'xas h/n'wa-m k.la'wla "I shall be a tent. Then when he comes, Grizzly Bear hen'tsl'a'kaxa"mne. hentsqakI'lne- n'epna'mne kenqa'lwiy kents!you will come out. You will say to him, 'some one dead you wish you will /t!xanap. wane'ise" aa'kets!la'e-ns. qak'ine- hu'tsawi'tsekn-e- e n bite me.'" Moved up and a tree. He said to him: "I shall hold with my feet the down aa'kets!la'e'n. na-'wtsek/n-'e nu'lqanka-qoq!unu'ne-. qa'n'm qayatree." He held it with the foot. He climbed across water. Just in qa'wous qa'skaqoq unu'n e'. pesk/ne'n-e sk/n ku ts aa'kets!la'e'ns. the middle he was on the middle of it He let go with Coyote the tree. on the water. the foot 10 ta'xas la-wane'ine'. nonaqu'n-'e k.la'wla. n'upu'qune-. ta'xas. Then it moved again. He fell into the Grizzly Bear. He was drowned. Enough. water 5. COYOTE GOES VISITING Kqa'ni't.la ske'n'ku-ts. ksa'le'ite't xa'altsins., kqa"'ke'I There being a tent Coyote. He was married to Dog. He told alaqa'It!e's neis sa-nit.la'ane' alhatsan/skeil at qahuwa'sanehis children: "That there is the tent your uncles, they are never hungry, 1 An exclamation similar to "Confound it I" BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 9 ought to visit them." At night Coyote slept. Early the next morning Coyote said to his'wife: "Where are my clothes " Coyote was given his clothing. Coyote dressed himself. Coyote started. He went along. He saw the tent of Kingfisher. Coyote went there. Coyote entered the tent of Kingfisher. He sat down. Kingfisher said: "Where is my sharp horn?" He stretched his hand back. He brought it forward. He put it down in front of himself. Kingfisher took it. He said to his children: "Go and get a switch." His two children went out. They brought in two switches. Kingfisher took them. He tied up his hair over his forehead. Kingfisher hopped about. He made noise when he started. He jumped and stopped on the smoke hole. He jumped down. The two children thought they would look out. Their mother said to them: "Don't look out! He might not find the hole in the ice where he went in." xma henqona'milk'lne-. ktsdmi'yet q ought you to visit them." At night kkanmi'yet.ts wu'lna-ms qake'lne* The next morning early he said to kaas ka'ku'qla'nt!. namatektse'lne- aa "Where are my clothes?" He was given them n'ituqla'nt/e'ek sken'ku'ts. ts!ma'xeHe dressed himself Coyote. He started n'u'pxane sa'nit.la'ase q!a'pqa'ls. He saw there was the Kingfisher..tent of!u'mne inehe slept teInamu "ests his wife 'kuqla"nt!e's his clothes sk'n'ku'ts. Coyote. qaoxa'xe' He went there ske'n'kuts. Coyote. sk'n-ku'ts Coyote:, sken'nku'ts. Coyote. qa'na'xe'. He went along. sk'n'ku'ts. Coyote. 5 tinaxa"mne" ske'n-ku-ts aa'k, t.la'se's q!a'pqa'-. qaanqa'me'k. He entered Coyote the tent of Kingfisher. He sat down. qake'ine- q!a'pqa'l kaas ke"e'n kul-ae'snmq!a'k.le'. la'ntaqahe'ine'. He said Kingfisher: "Where is my sharp horn?" He put backward his hand, to"nquwa'akake'n'e'. qaoxakincktsc'Ine*. tsukua'te q!a'pqa'I. He put it before himself. It was put there. He took it Kingfisher. qake'lne- alaqa'lt!e's a'nyaxa'keil la-m'. n'anakesxa"mneHe said to his children: "Go out and get a switch!" They two went out nei lkamukue'ste'k. la'tkaki'slk/'n'e la-m's. tsukua'te- 10 the two children. They brought in two switches. He took tnem q!a'pqa'l. n'tuk!"a'tsenk!o'n'le-k. qakqanm 'tinqa'meek q!a'pqa-1. Kingfisher. He tied his hair in front. He hopped about Kingfisher. n'a'qkupkilq!a'nlo'kuake'me-k. aa'k!anqo"'t!e's qaowaxmet'wetsq!He made noise when starting. To the smoke hole he jumped and stopped nu'ne'. n'o'nmeno'xunqa'ane'. qalwi'yne" nei lkamuku'ste-k there. He jumped down. They thought the two children kmn'a'n'awetskekine'. qak.la'pse" ma'e's maats an'awetske'ithey would look out. She told them their "Don't look out! mother: keil. la'qa.i-'ktsk!aO'qon/le-k. qaosaqa'ane- sk'n'ku-ts. la-t- 15 He might not find the hole in the ice He staid there Coyote. He where he went in." 10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 Coyote staid there. Kingfisher re-entered carrying two switches. He boiled them. Coyote ate. After eating, Coyote left for his tent. He got back at night. Coyote slept that night. Dog said to her children: "To-morrow you ought to visit your uncles. There is their tent." Coyote slept. Early next day Coyote started. He went along. He arrived at the tent of Moose. He entered the tent of Moose. He sat down. (Moose) said to his wife: "Look this way." She looked at her husband. Moose took a knife. He cut off her nose. He took ashes. He threw them on, and it was whole again. He threw it into the fire. He rolled it in the fire. He took it out of the fire again. He said to his children: "Go and get the roots of a tree." They brought them in. He threw these roots into the fire. He rolled them in the fire. They became guts. He kaxa"mse* q!a'pqa-'s laa'se- la'm's. na'nmukul'sine'. n''kinere-entered Kingfisher with two switches. He boiled them. He ate ske'n-ku-ts. kuT'e'kts la-ts!mna'xe- sk'n'ku'ts aa'ket. la'e's. Coyote. After eating he left again Coyote for his tent. lalaxa'xe" ktselmi'yet.s. q!u'mne'ine* ske'n'ku-ts neis ktsdmi-'yet.s. He got back, at night. He slept Coyote that night. Qak'lIne" xa'altsin alaqa'It!e's kkanmi 'yet.s xma hmnqona'mitkeIneShe said Dog to her children: "To-morrow ought you to visit 5 alhatsane'ske'1. neis sa'ntt.la'ane'. neis kq!u"mne- sk'n'ku'ts. your uncles. That there is their He slept Coyote. tent." kkanmi-'yt wu'Ina-ms ts!ena'xe- sken'ku'ts. qa-na'xe'. laxa'xeNext day early he started Coyote. He went along. He arrived sa'net.la'ase- netsna'pkous. tenaxa"mne" aa'ket.1a.e'se-s netsna'pkous. where was the Moose. He entered the tent of Moose. tent of qa-nqa'mek. qake'lne- tenamu"e-s la'n-a qa'kawetske'ke-n'. tseika'teHe sat down. He said to his wife: "This look." She looked at way nu'laqana'e-s. her husband. tsukua'te- aa'ktsa'ma-ls ntsna'pku. He took a knife Moose. luqsala'ate'. He cut off her nose. 10 tsukua'te* aa'koq!mo'ko-ps.1 qawaxm'te*. laq!ape'ise". xunm'te-. He took ashes. He threw them on. It was whole He threw it intc again, the fire. qa-kqayk!o'une". la'upkakn'en- qak'Ine- alaqa't!e-s a'nyaxa'keil He rolled it about. He took it out of the He said to his children: "Go and get fire again. aa'kuk!pu'ka-m. la'tka-ke'sdk/n'e'. xunme'te- neis aa'kuk!pu'ka-ms. the root of a tree." They two brought one in. He threw into those roots. the fire qa-kqayk!o'une'. n'mnqapta'kse- aa'ku'qt!es. la'u'pkak!o'une'. He rolled them about. They became its guts. He took them out of ) [ the fire. the fire. 1 Also aakuq/m&'ko'ps. BOASI KUTENAI TALES 11 took them out of the fire. He arose. He slapped his backside, and camas came out. They put it into the kettle. It was given to Coyote. He ate. He finished eating. Coyote said: "To-morrow you will visit my tent." Coyote started back. Coyote arrived back at his tent. On the following day Moose arrived at the tent of Coyote. Coyote was seated. He said to his wife: "Look this way!" His wife looked at him. At once he cut off her nose. At once Dog ran out howling. Dog re-entered. He threw ashes on her, but her nose was not restored. Moose took ashes. He put them on her nose and it was whole again. He said to the two children: "Bring a root." They two went out. They brought it in. He took it. He threw it into the fire. He took it out of the fire. It turned into guts. He rolled them in the fire and gave them to (Coyote). Moose said to him: "Eat." Moose started back. Enough. n'uwu'kune-. t!akpuk!o'umek n' ananetsk!a'seHe arose. He slapped his backside, it came out n'o-qo'xa'nt./.'sne- a'tsOus. qaoxakinktse'lne- sk'n-ku'ts. They put it into the kettle. It was given to Coyote. ku''e-k. qake'ine' sk'/nku-ts kkanmi-'yet hentsqona'xeHe finished He said Coyote: "To-morrow you will visit eating. xa'peis. camas. n'y'kine". He ate. kak't.1a. my tent." lats!na'xe* sk/n-ku'ts. la-laxa'xe" aa'ket.la'e's sk'n'ku-ts'. He started back Coyote. He arrived back at his tent Coyote. kkanmi'yet.s laxa'xe- netsna'pku aa'ket.la.'se's sk/n'ku'ts*. Next day arrived Moose at the tent of Coyote. qa'nqa'me"k sk/'nku-ts. qa'k/lne- tdnamu"e's la'n a He sat down Coyote. He said to his wife: "This way qa'kawetsk/ke'n'. tseikata'pse" tetnamu'e's. luqkupqsala'ate'. look!" She looked at him his wife. Quickly he cut off her nose. n'anmuqkupnoxo'"ne'lkekwake'me'k xa'altsin. latkaxa"mneQuickly she ran out howling Dog. She re-entered xa'altsin. qawaxme'te* aa'kuq!mu'ko'ps qa'qalha'k!anu'qsala'ase'. Dog. He threw on her ashes her nose was not restored. 5 tsukua'te~ aa'kuq!mu'ko ps netsna'pku. He took ashes Moose. aa'kuqsa'Ia.e'se's. laq!ape'ise'. qake'lne" neis her nose. It was whole again. He said to those a'nyagxa'keil aa'kuk!pu'kam. n'a'nakesxa"mne-. " Fetch a root." They two went out. tsukua'te~. xunma 'te la.upkakesk!o'une*. He took it. He threw it into He took two out of the fire. the fire. aa'ku'qt!e's. a.upkak!o'une. qaoýxakinektse'. guts. He rolled them about and gave them to him. lats!na'xe- nctsna'pku. ta'xas. He started back Moose. Enough. qawaxm/te' 10 He threw them on Ikamukucsta'ke's two children: latkake'selke'n e. They brought it in. n'nqapta'kseThey turned into qake'lne" e'ikeil. He said to "Eat!" him: 15 12 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 6. COYOTE AND BUFFALO1 Coyote went along. There was a bull's skull lying there, and he knocked it about. He started off. He went along. There was a hill. He went up the hill. Coyote staid there. There was noise of running. He raised his head quickly, but there was nothing. He sat down again (??). Again there was noise of running. He saw a Buffalo Bull coming. He started to run away quickly. He went along. Then they met again. He went along.. Coyote said: "Oh, where are you staying, manitous?" He said: "Nephew, come, our(?)." Coyote saw burnt trees standing there. Coyote arrived, and sat down on top of them. Bull butted the tree. He broke it. Coyote started to run quickly. Coyote went along. He was tired. He said: " Where are you staying, manitous? " He was told: "Nephew, come, our (?)." Coyote went. There lay a stone. He entered it. Bull butted the stone. He broke it. Coyote 6. COYOTE AND BUFFALO Qa'na'xe- skcnmku-ts. skek.la"m-ala'kse- ni'Isiks ts!mnaqa'yliken'e'. He went along Coyote. A skull lying there a bull's he knocked it about. ts!ena'xe'. qa-na'xe- swetsle.A't.se-. qa'oxualyuxa'xe'. qaosaqa'ane" He started ofl. He went along where was a hill. He went up hill. There staid sk/'nku-ts. nalukm/'se'. nuknuqkupq!aIa"mne tlo'use' Coyote. There was noise of He raised his head quickly, not there running. qa'psins. laqa'atstakqa'ane'. laha-'lukm/se'. n'u'p:axne: ska-se* was anything. Again (?). Again there was noise of He saw coming running. 5 ni'lsiks. no-tsinqku'peke'me'k. qa'na'xe*. ta'xas la'xan'xona'pse'. a bull. He started to run away quickly. He went along. Then again they met. qa-na'xe-. qake'ine" sken'ku-ts hal'ya- kmn'aqasaqa-'qa He went along. He said Coyote: "Oh, where are you staying, nupk!ane"nte'k. tsxa'se" pa-t! qaowakaxa"me'n' kaquxma'la. manitous?" He said: "Nephew, come our (?)." tseika'te- ske'n-ku-ts senq!o'mkaki'lnoqaku'pse'. qaoxa'xe- ske'n'He saw Coyote burnt trees standing there. He arrived Coyote ku-ts naqousaq!maxo'ume-k. nako'une" aa'kets!!a'ens ni'lsik. tsek!he sat down on top of them. He butted the tree the bull. He 10 k!o'une*. no-tsenqkupeke'me-k ske'n'ku-ts. qa'na'xe" sk/n'ku'ts. broke it. He started to run away quickly Coyote. He went along Coyote. nukulu'kune". qake'ine* km'aqasaqa-'Iqa nopek!ane"nte-k. qak.la'pse" He was tired. He said: "Where are you staying, manitous?" He was told: pa-t! qaowakaxa"me'n' kaquxma'la. qaoxa'xe- sken'ku-ts skeknu'k"Nephew, come our (?)." He went Coyote where lay a se*. nukwaq!ma'ktkqa'ane'. nako'une- nu'kwe-s ni'lsik. tsck!k!o',stone. He entered it. He butted the stone the bull. He broke it. 1 See p. 60. BOAS]. KUTENAI TALES 13 started to run away quickly. Coyote went along. There was a (body of) water. Coyote jumped into the water. He dived. The Bull came to the water and drank. He stood there drinking. He drank it all. Coyote started. He went along. He said: " Where are you, manitous?" He heard speaking, and was told: " Nephew, come, our (?)." The two went., There was a little rosebush. Coyote went. He sat down on top of it. The Bull arrived. He butted it. He couldn't break it. Again he butted it. He tore it into shreds. Coyote said: "Now let me go; I will fill a pipeforyou." TheBullsaid: "." I don't smoke." Coyote said: " I will fill a pipe; I don't know what the Bull likes to smoke." Coyote was told: "I smoke tobacco. When I finish filling the pipe, I hold it up to the sun. It catches fire. It catches fire by means of the sun." (Coyote) was afraid. (The Bull) smoked. He continued to smoke. The Bull said: "I had a wife ne*. no-ts!nqkupeke'me*k ske'n'ku'ts. qa'na'xe' ske'n:ku'ts skekHe started to run away quickly Coyote. He went along Coyote where lay q!nu'kse'. nulnenmetqu'le'k ske'n'ku-ts. k!anwa'ts!ne-. xuna'xea lake. He jumped into the water Coyote. He dived. He came to the water ni'lsik neiqu'lne'. qa-wetsku'xune'. n'okouku'xune-. ts!cna'.xe ske'n'the bull and drank. He stood drinking water. He drank it all. He started Coyku'ts. qa'na'xe'. qake'ine kmn'aqasaqa-'Iqa nipe'k!ane"nte'k. nulote. He went along. He said: "Where are you, manitous?" He pa'lne" tsxa'se" qak.la'pse" pa't! qaowakaxa"me'n' kaquxma'la. 5 heard speaking and was told: "Nephew, come our (?)." qawetske'kine- snmqa'pse' sq!o'mowokna'nas. qaoxa'xe- ske'n'ku'ts. They went where was a little rosebush. He went Coyote. nuqousaq!maxo'ume k. laxa'xe" ni'lsik. qo'nanoxo nlamaneya'He sat down on top of it. - He arrived the bull. He hit it with his head (?). Xane'. qata'l'ak!o'une*. laqonagxonlamaneya'Xane-. neta'mk!o',neHe could not break it. Again he hit it with his head (?). He tore it into laam's. qake'ine" ske'n-ku'ts ta'xas qa'qaske'n'u. hutsku'lnak!ukshreds. He said Coyote: "Now let me go. I'll fill a pipe for tse'sine. qake'ine- ni'lsik atuqa.cknoqu'kune. qake'ine- ske'n*- 10 you." He said the bull: "I do not smoke." He said Coyku-ts hutskulnak!o'une*. hoqa.u'pxami'lne" qa'psinsts l'e kinoqu'koote: "I'll fill a pipe. I do not know what he may smoke ni'lsik. qakil'lne- ske'n-ku*ts wasa'qana'n huts! knoqu'kune'. the bull." He was told Coyote: "Tobacco (?) I smoke. nulkulnak!o'une" qaoxawe'tsxane- nata-'nek!s. tsuku'pxane'. sattsuWhen I finish filling the I hold it up toward the sun. It catches fire. It catches pipe kup.aamn'n'e' nata-'nek!s. n'one'lne. n'eknoqu'kune*. qa'kel'cknofire by means of the sun." He was afraid. He smoked. He continued qu'kune-. qake'ine" ni'lsik. hunala'Itc'tine- husl'a'qak.lam-ala'- 15 to smoke. He said the bull: " I had a wife where my head 14 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 where my head lay. Let us be friends." Coyote said: " We will go to your wife." The two started. The two went along, and he saw his wife among a crowd. Coyote sharpened his friend's horns. Coyote said: " Now go ahead. When you run along, turn this way." The Bull went there. The Bull was seen running toward the place where Coyote was. He went past, Another Bull arrived. He shot him. Coyote killed him. The other Bull came back. He said: " Let us go to my wives." The two went. Coyote was told: " Which one will you take?" Coyote said: "Let me take the larger one." Coyote started with his wife. The two went along. He said to his wife: "Now go ahead; go up the valley and go across." Coyote started. He went to the valley. He staid there. He saw his wife coming. He broke a stick when his wife was coming. He hit her. It did not enter her body. He laughed at his wife. He said to her: kine'. huts!rn-ala'n-'e swo'timo-. qake'ine- ske'n-kuts hults!na'lay. We shall be friends." He said * Coyote: "We will xala'e's tednamu'"ne-s. ts!nak'kine*. qa-nake'kine'ts n'u'p.ane" go to thy wife." They two started. They two went along and he saw sakemnalile'sine' tdnamu"e's. lac'senq!aqle"'xane- swu"e's ske'n*among a crowd his wife. He sharpened his horns again his friend's Coyku'ts. qake'ine- ske'n'ku-ts ta-'xa /lu'nu na- henslaqakaxa"mkote. He said Coyote: "Now go ahead here when you turn." 5 tse'k. qaoxa'xe- ni'lse'k.i n'upXana'pse- ni'lse'ksts mityaxana'pseHe went the bull. He was seen the bull running laqaka'xe- yaqaosaqa'pske- ske'n-ku-ts. laqayaqaha'xe". wa'xecoming toward - where was Coyote. He went past. He arrived nao'k!we- ni'lse'k. mi'txane'. n'elwa'n'e- sk/n'ku-ts. lawa'xeone bull. He shot it. He killed it Coyote. He went back nao'k!we- ni'lse-k. qake'ine- hults!ina'xala'e's katAlna'mu, qaoone bull. He said: "Let us go my wife." They xake'kine'. qakile'lne* ske'n'ku-ts kaa ke'ntseltso'ukua-t. qatwo went. He was told Coyote: "Which will you take?" He 10 ke'ine- ske'n'ku'ts na- kwi'lqa hutseltsukua'te*. ts!ena'xesaid Coyote: "This large one let me take!" He started sk/'n-ku'ts n'asma'lne* tdenamu"e's. qa-nak'kine". qake'lne- telCoyote two together his wife. They two went along. He sdid to his namu"e's ta'xa 1'n-u qo- hank!a'm'na'ke" hentsqanalwat!a'xe'. wife: "Now go ahead, that the valley you will go through across." ts!mna'xe' sk/'n-ku'ts. qaoxa'xe- qous aaa'k!a-m'n'a's. qaosaHe started Coyote. He went there to the valley. He staid qa'ane*. n'uRpxane- ska'se* tdnamu"e's. yaqe'ite" a'a'kets wa'se' there. He saw coming his wife. He broke a stick coming 15 tfdnamu"e-s. mi'txane". qatak!o'une*. n'umatsna'ate" tenamu"e's. his wife. He 3hot her. It did not go in. He laughed at her his wife. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 15 "Now go ahead." She started, and he said to her: "Go up the valley and go across there." Coyote started. He ran. He got there. He stopped there. His wife came. He shot her and killed her. He butchered her and skinned her. There was a flat stone, and he sat down on it. He saw Wolf coming. He thought he would hit it. He was going to get up. He couldn't get up. He shot at that Wolf. He had no more arrows. He took off his bowstring and struck him with his bow stave. The Wolf ate that game. He ate it all. Coyote got up again. He went and took the bones. He thought he would break them up. He was told by (a bird): " Don't strike them." Coyote stood there holding an ax. Then Badger pounded them. He finished breaking the bones and put the marrow into the tripe. Coyote was told: " Take hold of my tail." Coyote took hold of (Badger's) tail. (Badger) finished putting in the marrow. Badger started to run away. Coyote followed him. He qake'lne* ta'xa lu'nu. ts!ena'se*. qak/Ine- qou hank!a'm'na'ke* He said to her: "Now go ahead." She started. He said to her: "There up the valley qo" tax hentsqanalwat!a'xe-. ts!ena'xe' sk/'n-ku-ts. ts!mna'kine". there then you will go through across." He started Coyote. He ran. laa'xa'e. qaosaqa'ane-. wa'se* tdlnamu"e's. mi'tXane- n'dwa'n'e". *He got there. He stopped there. She came his wife. He shot her, he killed her. nu'mitse'ite" konu'q!me. qa'kts!lanu'kse- qaoxal'esakanu'ne. He butchered her, he skinned her. There was a flat stone; he sat down on it. n'v'pxane" ska'se" ka'ake'ns. qalwi'yne" ktsqanla'le-t. ktsxal'o'uwuk. 5 He saw coming the wolf. He thought he would hit it. He was going to rise. qatal'uwu'kune'. mi'txane- neis ka'ake'ns. la-'Iitka'ane*. lukuen'e~ ITe could not rise. He shot at that wolf. He was without arrows. Hie took off t!awum'ka'e's qanlalttmu'n-'e aa'k.1a'kwo'ute's. n''kine ka'ake'n his bowstring he struck with it his bow stave. He ate the wolf neis iya'mu's. q!a'pxane*. la.uwu'kune- ske'n-ku'ts. qaoxa'xethat game. He ate it all. He got up again Coyote. He went and tsuk"a'te* ma*k!c'se's. qalwi'yne- ktsaqtsa'kxo'. qak.la'psetook its bones. He thought he would break them up. He was told by wa'ku'ks maats qanla'lte-n'. qa'qawetsknmr'lek aa'qu'ta-Is ske'n*- 10 (a bird with "Don't strike it." He stood holding an ax Coywhite spot on head)-: ku'ts. ta'xa tsen qous n'aqtsaxo',ne- na'lme't!. kulya'q!aote. Then only there he pounded Badger. Having finished breaking qana"nte- aa'k.laqpe'sqaps aa'kinu'lmak. qakilte'ne- ske'n-ku'ts he put them into tripe the marrow. He was told Coyote: hawetsqatke'nu. nawetsqatkenka'ane- ske'n ku'ts. kulqana'"ne't "Take hold of my tail." He took hold of the tail Coyote. He finished putting it inside aa'kenu'lma ks. nu-tsnqkupekeme-k na'lme-t!. meteixa'mvmuthe marrow. He started to run away Badger. He followed kua'ane- ske'n-ku-ts. n'upslatnu tmu'mukua'ane'. la.ileiqa'ninmitk- 15 him Coyote. He continued to run. It is thrown backward 16 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 continued to run. The tripe was thrown back at him. Coyote licked the tripe. He thought: " I will break it." He was told by (a bird): "I will break it." Coyote was told: "Start for the place where there is a plain on the hill, Coyote." Coyote started. He was told: "Come back when you see smoke; then you shall eat grease." (The bird) was pounding it. He finished pounding it, and put green boughs on the fire. Coyote saw the smoke. He started to cpme back. Coyote came back. He stood there and looked about. There was nothing there. Here (the bird) dropped a little grease. He looked up. He saw (the bird) flying off. Coyote was standing there helplessly. Coyote was without even a mouthful of (the meat of) his wife. 7. COYOTE AND BUTTERFLY Coyote went along. He heard some one singing. Coyote reached there. He saw Butterfly. Coyote thought he would steal Butterfly. He said to him: "I don't steal men." Coyote started. tse'lne- aa'k.laqpe'sqaps. n'lta'xane aa'k.laqpe'sqaps ske'n ku ts. to him the tripe. I He licked the tripe Coyote. qalwi'yne* kuts!aqtsa'kxo'. qak.la'pse- wa'kuks huts!e'sinila'qtsaHe thought: "I will break them." He was told by (a bird): "I will break kxo'une. qakil'Ine" ske'n'ku*ts ts!e'n-an' qo, haq!an'uqle.e'tke* them." He was told Coyote: "Start for there where is a plain on a hill, ske'n'ku'ts. ts!mna'xe- skt'n'ku'ts. qakile'ne- hn'u'pxa ya'm'uts Coyote!" He started Coyote. He was told: "When you see smoke 5 hentsla'tska'xe" ta'xas hentsxal'e'kine t!na'mu. qa'kd'aqtsathen come back, then you will eat grease." Along he pounded kxo'une- wa'kuks. koulaqtsa'kxo- xunake'n-e- aa'ku'la'Is. n'u'pit (the bird). Having finished he put on fire green boughs. He pounding it xane" ya'm*u's ske'n'ku'ts. la'ts!na'xe'. la'axa'.xe" ske'n'kuts'. saw the smoke Coyote. He started back. He got back Coyote. qaakqa'nwesqa'ane' lo'usee qa'psins. naas qa'waakal'okme tse* He stood and looked about; not there was anything. Here she dropped a little t!na'mw's. wa-'wtske'kine'. n'u'pXane* wa'kuks nuinuxu'se. grease. He looked up. He saw (the bird) flew towards water 10 qakuqkatwesqa'ane' skt'n'ku-ts. pa'- sd' 'tktk.t'lqutmu'n-'e tdnaIn vain he stood there Coyote. He was without even a mouthful of his wife mu"e's ske'n'ku-ts. Coyote. 7. COYOTE AND BUTTERFLY Qa'na'xe- ske'n'ku'ts. nulpalnite'tine- ka'wasxoneya'm'e's. qaoHe went along Coyote. He heard singing. He reached xa'xe* ske'n-ku'ts. n'u'pxane* ko-dli'dlus pa't nilke'se'. qalwi'yne' there Coyote. He saw Butterfly it was he. He thought ske'n-ku'ts ktsxa'lay ko'dli'dlus. qak.Ia'pse" atu'qaa'yne- tc'tqa't!. Coyote he would steal Butterfly., He said to him: I do not steal men." 15 ts!mna'xed sk'n*ku'ts. He started Coyote. BOAS] KUTENAL TALES 17 8. COYOTE AND GROUSE Grouse was living in a tent and had many children. They were in her tent. Grouse started with her husband. They two were going along. Coyote was going along. He saw the tent of Grouse. Coyote reached there. He entered. There were many children. He took a bag, put them into it, and carried them along. He started. He went along. They broke the bag by scratching it, and went right through the hole. Coyote was going along. He thought: "Now I'll eat." He looked, and there was nothing. Coyote started. 9. COYOTE AND STAR Star was going along. He saw a child eating earth. It was Goose. He started. He saw a Golden Eagle sitting on a tree. He saw him, and he was screeching. Star also said... (??) He went up. He reached the place where the bird was, and killed it (?). 8. COYOTE AND GROUSE Qanet.la'ane kia'wats yunaqa'pse- alaqa'lt!e's. qaqa'pse- aa'ket.She lived in tent Grouse many her children. They were in her la'e's. ts!mna'xe' kia'wats n'asma'lne- nulaqana'e's. qa'nake'knetent. She started Grouse two together her husband. They two went along. qa-na'xe- ske'n-ku'ts..n'uV'pane' sanet.la'ase- kia'wats. qaoxa'xe* He went along Coyote. He saw the tent there of Grouse. He arrived ske'n-ku'ts. tinaxa"mne". yunaqa'pse- Ikamne'nta'ke's. tsukua'te* Coyote. He entered. Many were the children. He took aa'tsu 'la-'s qana"nte- nalaxo'une". ts!ena'xe-. qa'na'xe'. n'umets- 5 a bag, he put them he carried them. He started. He went along. They into it ke'n-'e neis aa'tsu'la's sukqa'naltinaxa'mne'. qa'na'xe' ske'n-ku'ts. broke by that bag, they went right there through He went along Coyote. scratching a hole. qalwi'yne- ta'xas hul'e-'ek. tseika'te'ts lo'use'. ts!cna'xe" He thought: "Then let me eat." He looked, there was nothing. He started ske'n-ku ts. Coyote. 9. COYOTE AND STAR Qa-na'xe* aa'kelno'hos. n'u'pxane" Ika'm'u's n'c'kse- a'm'aks pal He went along Star. He saw a child eating earth, n'I'nse- kaxu'lo-ks. ts!ena'xe-. n'u'p-ane' qawetsq!nu'se- kiaq!nu'- 10 who was Goose. He started. He saw standing on a tree Golden kuats. n'u'p2xane- t!alo'ukse'. a'a'ke qake'ine - aa'ktlno'hos. Eagle. He saw it screeching. Also said Star. n'iktka'xe". laxa'xe' neis toq!tsqa'mnas yaaqaosaqa'pske" He went up. Tie reached there the bird where it was n'upla'pse-. (and) killed it. 85543~0-Bull. 59-1]8 --2 18 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY a [BULL. 59 10. COYOTE AND THE WOMAN Coyote went along. There was a hill. He arrived on top. He saw a woman. Then the woman saw Coyote. She was afraid. Then she lay down. Then Coyote started. He saw the woman lying there. He thought she was dead. Coyote said: "Why is she dead? Let me see what killed her." Then he looked. He did not know what had killed her. Then Coyote started toward the backside of the woman. Coyote looked. He saw her backside. He tore it. He put his finger in. He smelled of it. He said: "It stinks. She has been dead for a long time." Then Coyote went on. The woman lay there. She thought: " Let me go to Coyote; let me marry him." Then the woman started. She got there. She said to Coyote: "Let us go to my tent." She started; she got to her tent. She staid there. 10. COYOTE AND THE WOMAN Qa-na'xe* ske'nku'ts. swctslee't.se*. yOuxa'xe*. n'u'pxane* He went along Coyote. There was a hill. He got on top. He saw pa-'keis. ta'xas nei pa"'Ikei n'u'pXane ske'n-ku'ts'. n'oni'lne'. ta'xas a woman. Then that woman saw Coyote. She was afraid. Then n'itxo'umo'k. ta'xas ts!ena'xe- sk/n'ku-ts. n'u'pXanoe pa'lkeis she lay down. Then he started Coyote. He saw the woman sakqa'pse'. qalwi'yne' ks/''e'ps. qake'ineo ske'n'ku-ts qa'psins lying there. He thought she was dead. He said Coyote: " What 5 kse'/e'p. hultseika'tmil qa'psins ks/e''ep." ta'xas tseika'te'. is she dead? Let me see what killed her." Then he looked. qa.u'p.ane* qa'psins kse'l'eps. ta'xas ts!mna'xe- sk/'n-ku'ts Not he knew what killed her. Then he started Coyote aa'kekpuk!/'sc-s pa-'lkeis. tseika'te- ske'nku'ts. n'u'pxane- aa'kekputo her backside the He looked Coyote. He saw her backwoman's. k!c'se's. n'u'mitse'ise*. tsaqa'natsq!ahe'ine. nakumseke'ite'. qake'ine~ side. He tore it. He put his finger into it. He smelled of it. He said: ksluktu'kue's pee'k!aks k.sl'upe'le-k. ta'xas ts mna'xe- sk/'n-ku-ts. "It stinks, long ago she has been Then started Coyote. killed." 10 qa'kqa'ane* nei pa-'lkei. qalwi'yne* hults! ma'mi- ske'n-ku-ts She lay there that woman. She thought: " Let me go to Coyote, kulsal-'te-t. ta'xas ts!na'xe- pa-'lkei. laxa'xe'. qake'lne- ske'n'ku'ts" let me marry him." Then she started the She got She said to Coyote: "woman, there. hults!naxa'la kaa'k't.la. ts!na'xe" laxa'xe- aa'ket.la'e-s. " Let us go to my tent." She started, she got to her tent, qaosaqa'ane". She staid there, KUTENAI TALES 19 11. COYOTE AND THE MANITOU WITH THE HAT Coyote went along. He saw a manitou having a hat made of belly fat. He touched it.. He took a piece off. He ate it. Again he broke a piece off. Again he ate it. He was told: "Go away." He was told: "You hurt me." Coyote went off. 12. COYOTE AND THE DUCKS1 Coyote with his two children went along. There was a lake. He saw many ducks. He said to his children: "Cry!" The children cried. They cried thus: "My father's brothers-in-law!" Coyote cried thus: "My brothers-in-law!" One Mallard Duck said to his children: "Listen! a manitou is crying." Mallard Duck said: "Go to him (and listen to) what he is talking about." One of them went ashore. He came to Coyote. He said to him: "What do you refer to when you cry?" Coyote said: "Come ashore, all of you!" All the ducks came ashore. He pulled out their feathers. Enough. 11. COYOTE AND THE MANITOU WITH THE HAT Qa'na'xe- ske'n-ku'ts. n'u'pXane- nipe'k!as k!ayuk"a'ase* He went along Coyote. He saw a manitou having a hat aa'kowuma'lqaaps. qunya'xane~. qasdl-uku'ne*. n' Ykine. made of belly fat. He touched it. He took a piece off. He ate it. taqased'ukuc'n-'e. la.ekine". qak.la'pse* yu'wa. qak.la'pseAgain he took a Again he He was told: "Go away." He was told: piece off. ate it. hmn'upla'pine'. ts!na'xeo sk/n'ku'ts. "You hurt me." He went off Coyote. 12. COYOTE AND THE DUCKS Qa'na'xe" ske'n'ku-ts n'asma'lne* xale'es skkq!nu'ksec. He went along Coyote with two his children to where was a lake. n'u'pxane* yunaqa'pse- kia'qla's. qake'lne- xale'es e'lan'. He saw many ducks. He said to his child: " Cry!" n'ýla'n'e- nei lka'm-u. qalo'ukune- alska't!e's kate'tu. ske'n-ku'ts He cried that child. He cried thus: "His brothers- my father!" Coyote in-law qalo'ukune* alka'skat. n'ok!we'ine* kanq!usqwe'ikak qak/e'ne* cried thus: "My brothers-in- One Mallard Duck said to law I" alaqa'It!e's tsem k!a'palteixa'keil. nip/'k!a sel'ela'n-e. qake'ine* his children: "Only listen ye! A manitou is crying." He said kanq!usqwe'ikak quname'lkeil qa'psins k!u'pske*. k!o'k!we* Mallard Duck: " Go to him what he talks about." One tsinal'upa'xe'. laxa'xe- ske'n'ku-ts'. qake'Ine~ qa'psin ken'u'pske* went ashore. He came to Coyote. He said to him: " What do you say kn'e'la. qake'ine' sken'ku-ts q!a'pe- upka'keil. q!a'pe- n'upka'xedo you cry?" He said Coyote: "All come ye ashore." All came ashore kia'qla. q!a'pe 's lu"nte" aa'kenqoa.'se's. ta'xas. the ducks. All he removed their feathers. Enough. 1 See p. 160. 5 10 20 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 50 13. COYOTE AND OWL1 There was a town. A child was crying. It was told: "Don't cry, Owl will take you." The child cried. Owl took it. He put it into a birch-bark basket. Then there were no more children. Coyote said: "I shall cry." At night Coyote cried. He was told: "Don't cry, else Owl will take you." Coyote cried aloud. Owl arrived. He said: "Give me the child." (Coyote) was given to him. (Owl) put him into the birch-bark basket. He carried him away. Owl arrived at his tent. Coyote saw many children dancing. He took gum. He rubbed it on Owl's eyes, and (Owl) was blind. He threw him into the fire. (Owl) was burned entirely. All the children started back to the tents of their parents. 13. COYOTE AND OWL Qa'k.luna'mne-. n'ila'n'ce Ika'm-u. qakel'lne- maats el'an' There was a town. It cried a child. It was told: "Don't cry; tsxaltsukuate'sine- ku'pi". n'ila'n-'e Ika'm-u. tsukua'te- ku'pi. he will take you Owl." It cried the child. He took it Owl. n'oqoxuaken'e~ na'he'ks. ta'xas lalo'une- Ika'm-u. qake'ine* sk/n*He put it into a birch-bark Then no more children. He said Coybasket. ku'ts ka'min hutsxal'ila'n'e*. ktsedmi'yet.s n'ila'n'e sken'-ku-ts. ote: "I I shall cry." At night he cried Coyote. 5 qakelc'lne* maats e-lan', to'xwa ku'pi tsxaltsukuat'sine.. welke'ineHe was told: "Don't cry, else Owl will take you." He cried aloud ske'n-ku-ts. wa'xe* ku'pi. qake'ine* ts!ka-ke'nkeil Ika'm*u. Coyote. He arrived Owl. He said: "Give me the child." namatekts'lne'. n'oqoxuake'n-e na'he'ks. ts!nmalke'n'e'. taxa'xeHe was given to him. He put him into the birch-bark He carried him He arrived at basket. away. aa'ket.la'e's ku'pi. n'u'pxane' sk/'n'ku-ts yunaqa'pse- Ikamne'nta'his tent Owl. He saw Coyote many children ke's naqw/'lse'. tsukua'te 'Ilwa's. yu'hake'n-'e aa'kakaqlr''se-s dancing. He took gum. He rubbed it on his (Owl's) eyes, 10 lak1tqle'lse'. xunm/'te'. q!apku'une-. lats!na'xe- q!a'pe- Ikamnt"nand he was He threw him He was burnt They started all the children blind, into the fire. entirely. back te-k aa'ket.la/'se-s alaakenk!e's. to the tents of their parents. 1 See pp. 37, 50. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 21 14. CHICKADEE AND ELK Chickadee went along a river. On the other side he saw Elk. Chickadee said: " There is a good place on the other side; I wish I could get across." Elk said he would take him across. He went across in the water. (Chickadee) was riding. Elk walked in the water. He just got ashore and (Chickadee) stabbed him. Chickadee killed Elk. 15. FROG AND PARTRIDGE Frog was going along. She saw Partridge. She said to him: "You shall be my husband." He went to her tent. He arrived. He always went hunting. He killed much (game). Frog said: "Now look for your wife." Partridge started. He found his wife. He said to her: " Where are the children?" That woman said: "They are where you come from." The two started. He arrived at his tent. He staid there again. 14. CHICKADEE AND ELK Qa'na'xe" mets!qa'qas aa'kenmi'tuks. lo'ine-s n'u'pyane- la'wo's. He went along Chickadee river. On the he saw Elk. other side qake'ine' mets!qa'qas: ksdsuk.le'et qo le'1ne- hul-eini'nam. He said Chickadee: " A good place there on the other side if I could get across." qake'ine' la'wo alqanyaxaqo'ukil. n'alqananu'qune" yOuXal'isukHe said Elk he would take him across. He went across in the tIe was riding, water, nu'n'e- ts!enanu'qune-. qaln n'Ipanu'qne- naak!o',nc. n'ip'lnehe walked in the water. Just reaching the shore, he stabbed him. He killed la'wo's mets!qa'qas. 5 Elk Chickadee. 15. FROG AND PARTRIDGE Qa'na'xe- wa'tak. n'u'pxane- t!a'n'qu-ts. qake'Ine* hntsxal't'n'e She went Frog. She'saw Partridge. She said to "You will be along him: kanul'a'qana. ts!na'xe- aa'ket.la'e's. laxa'xe-. at n'upsla'tiyi' ana'xe*. my husband." He started for his tent. He arrived. lie always went hunting. ta'xas yunaqa'pse- k!'lwa. qake'jne" wa'tak ta'xa lU'n-u itske'len' Then many he killed. She said Frog: "Now go look for tdnamu"ne-s. ts!na'xe- t!a'n'qu-ts. n'u'pxane- tdnamu"e-s. qak'lIneyour wife." He started Partridge. He found his wife. He said to her: kaas Ikamne"nte-k. qake'ine- nei pa'lkei qo ta'xa hen-yaqakei- 10 *'Where the children?" She said that woman: "Then now where you ka'mke"1 saosaqa'ane'. ts!nake'kine'. laxa'xe- aa'ket.la'e's. come from they are." They two started. He arrived at his tent. laatsxanit.ta'ane'. He staid there again. 1 Barnaby prefers qo'san&z)yaqa'keikamuike'. 22 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 16. BEAVER AND TURTLE Beaver and Turtle were living together in a tent., (Turtle) started. There was a town. He went there. He entered the tent of the chief. The chief was asleep. Turtle cut off the chief's head. He went out again; he passed outside to the rear of the tent. He crawled under the cover. He staid there. In the morning the chief was lying down. His food had been prepared. He did not arise; and the chief was shaken. He was told: "Rise, I have finished your food." He did not arise. He was shaken again. He was told: "Arise." He was looked at. He was dead. They searched for tracks (to discover) who had done it. Tracks were seen. The tracks did not go out again. They were looked at. (Turtle) was seen. He was there. He was brought out. He was carrying the head of the chief. Some one said: "Where is a knife?" Turtle said: "I do not fear a knife." Some one said: "Where is a bow?" Turtle said: "I do not fear a bow." Some one said: "Where is 16. BEAVER AND TURTLE Qa'net.la'ane- se'n'a n'asqunama'lne* ka'xaxs. ts!ena'xe qa-k.luHe lived in a tent Beaver, they were two together Turtle. He started to where was a nam/ sine'. qaoxa'xe*. tenaxa'mne* aa'ket. laese's naso'ukue'ns. town. He went there. He entered the tent of the chief. qa*k.le'itse- naso',kue-ns. lula'ma'ane* naso'ukue-ns ka'xax. Was asleep the chief. He cut off his head (of) the chief Turtle. laanaxa'mne" nas qaha'xe* a'pkok!s. qanal'ounetnaxa'mne'. Again out he went; here he passed outside, oppo- He crawled under the cover. site the door (behind the tent). 5 qaosaqa'ane'. kkanmi'yet.s qakqa'ane" - naso'ukuenn. n'etkenlmsineHe staid there. In the morning lay down the chief. It was prepared ki'ek. qao'knoxa"mne- wan-kine'/ne naso'ukue-n. qakil/lnefood. Not he arose; he was shaken the chief. He was told: oknoxa'men' hunoku'n-'e kt'n'e-k. qao'knoxa"mne*. lawan'kin/'ne*. "Arise, I have finished your food." Not he arose. Again he was shaken. qakil/'lne- oknoxa'men'. tseikate'lne- pal n'e'n*e upna'mu. He was told: "Arise." He was looked at he was dead. tseikat.likinlIne* qa'psin no'la. n'upxalfkine'ne*. laqaanale'kine*. It was looked for tracks what did it. Tracks were seen. Again not out went tracks. 10 tseikat/e'ne. n'upxa'Ine'. saosaqa'ane'. tunwaaka'nulkini'Ine". It was looked at. He was seen. He was there. He was brought out. nal-amke'n/'e naso',kue'ns. qakiya'mne* kaas aa'ktsa'mal. qake'ine* He held the head (of) the chief. Some one said: "Where is the knife?" He said ka'xax huqa.on/Ine- aa'ktsa'mal. qakiya'mne" kaas t!a'wu. Turtle: " I do not fear knife." Some one said: " Where is the bow?" qakei'ne" ka'xax huqa.on'Ine* t!a'wu. qakiya'mne* kaas aa'u'tal. He said Turtle: "I do not fear bow." Some one said: "Where is ax?" BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 23 an ax?." Turtle said: "I do not fear an ax." Some one said: " Pour water on him." Turtle said: "Don't." Some one said: "Throw him into the water." Turtle lied when he said he was not afraid of ax, knife, and bow. He lied when he said that he was afraid of water, for that was the place from which he had come ashore. He was taken to the water. He carried the chief's head. He was thrown into the water. He sank. After a while there in the middle he emerged. He shook the chief's head in the water. Some one said: "It is Turtle." Turtle started for his tent. Turtle came home. Then Beaver made holes in all directions. He bit them off (the bows), he dragged them into his hole, then the manitous went back. (Their bows) were broken. (They said:) "My bow is bad." 17. SKUNK AND PANTHER1 Skunk went along. He saw Panther. Panther was afraid of Skunk: Panther pretended to be dead. Skunk went there. He qake'ine* ka'xax huqa.onem'ne- aqu'tal. qakiya'mne- yuuxakulxa'kil. He said Turtle: "1 do not fear ax." Some one said: " Pour ye water bn him." qake'ine- ka'xax maats. qakiya'mne- xunmitqu'lkil. slutske'ineHe said Turtle: "Don't." Some one said: "Throw him into the He lied water." ka'xax neis kqa'ke- kqa.o'nil aqu'talsts aa'ktsa'malsts t!a'wu's. Turtle that saying not afraid of ax and knife and bow. slutske'ine- neis kqa'ke* k!o'ne'l wu'o's pa'l ne'sts kqakeikalu'pkam. He lied that saying being afraid of water that where he came ashore from. qa'oxalxu'nanulkin'lne*. nal-amke'n'e- naso'ukue'ns. xunmitqu- 5 He was taken to the water. He carried the head the chief's. He was thrown 'lne-. niktsnoqu'n'e'. qawunik't.se- qo's qayaaqa'wo's laqaainto the He sank. After a while there in the middle he water. kal'awa'akawa'ts!ne'. wan'qouk.la'mke'n-'e naso',kue-ns. qakiya'memerged. He shook the head in the water the chief's. Some one ne- pa'- n'e'ne* ka'xax. ts!cnam'lkil aa'ket.1a'e's ka'xax. said: "It is he Turtle. Start for his tent Turtle." la'laxa'xe- aa'ket.la'e's ka'xax. ta'xas st'n*a n'etqantlq!aqo',k!aHe got home to his tent Turtle. Then Beaver he made holes in all mekne'le-k. q!aanina'Xane'. aaqo-k!ame'es qa'naltsa'qanawes'nuk- 10 directions. He bit them off. His hole he dragged them into it. qu'xune'. laxa'xe- nbpe'k!a. n'umetskinl'sine*. saha'n'e" kat!a'wu. They the manitous. It was broken for them. "Bad is my bow." went back 17. SKUNK AND PANTHER Qa'na'xe" xa'xas. n'u'pxane- swa's. swa' n'one'lne" xa'xas'. He went along Skunk. He saw Panther. Panther was afraid of Skunk. n'V'pse-k swa'. qaoxa'xe xa'xas. tsukua'te* swa's nalxo'une*. He pretended Panther. He went there Skunk. He took Panther and carried him to be dead on his back. 1 See pp. 40, 48. 24 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 took Panther. He carried him on his back. Skunk went along. Panther thought: " What shall I do with him? " He thought: "He shall put me down." He put him down. Skunk let out his fluid. Panther arose. Panther kicked Skunk's bucket. He broke his bucket. Panther started away. He went along, going in a circle. Skunk arrived. He saw the bucket there. He was angry. He started. He looked for Panther. He saw his tracks. Panther went along and came back to the same place. Skunk started. He saw the tracks.where (Panther) had been going. He made tracks. He knew it was the same one. He followed the tracks. He tracked him. He saw the tracks were still there. He followed the tracks. He tracked him. There was a lake. There were tracks. He drank. Skunk looked into the water. There he was. He thought he saw him. Then he broke wind. Many times he broke wind. He looked again. There he was. He broke wind again. He looked again. There he was. Then he was tired. He lay down on his back. He saw qa'na'xe' xa'xas. qalwi'yne- swa' kaas hul'aqa'ke'n? qalwi'yneHe went Skunk. He thought Panther: "How shall I do?" He thought: along lpcsxo'unap. pesxo'une". n'u'xte-k xa'xas. n'owu'kune- swa'. "He shall put me He put him He defecated Skunk. He arose Panther. down." down. qanaql'kxane- yetskimet'se-s swa' xa'xas'. n umetske'n-'e He kicked the bucket Panther Skunk's. He broke it yetskimin'se's. ts!mna'xe- swa'. qa'na'xe- n'uk!qalqa'atse'. qaoxa'xe" his kettle. He started Panther. He went along he went about in a circle. He arrived 5 xa'xas. n'u'pxane* saoqa'qa'pse" yetsk/me's. sa-'nwi'yne'. ts!na'xe'. Skunk. He saw there was his kettle. He was angry. He started. n'itskt'lne- swa's. n'u'pxane" aa'k.lAk!c'se-s. qa'na'xe- swa' a'a'ke He looked for Panther. He saw his tracks. He went along Panther and la.uk!qak.lati'qa'atse'. ts!ena'xe' xa'xas. n'u'pxne sakilale'kse". he went around in a circle. lie started Skunk. He saw tracks being there. kaas n'aaqo'nas n'ktke'n-e a,'k.1Ik!se's. n'u'pxane- o'k!uina'mus Where he went he made his tracks. He saw the same as pal n' 'nse'. ta'xas n'aq!as-lite'tne'. ts!!an-uqk"anxo'une". he. Then he followed the tracks. He pursued him. 10 n'u'pxane- sakilal/kse-. n'aq!as'lit/tine'. ts!nan'uqkuanxo'une* He saw tracks being there. HP followed the tracks. He pursued him skekq!nu'kse' qaoxal/kse-. n'eku'lne-. n'u'pxane xa'xas neis wu'os. to where was a lake where were tracks. He drank. lie saw Skunk the water. saosaqa'pse-. qalwi'yne- ksi-l'u'pxa. ta'xas n'atsu'kpine* yunaqa'pse* It was there. He thought he saw him. Then he broke wind; many (times) k!a'tsu'kp. latseika'te- saosaqa'pse'. laatsu'kpine'. latseika'tebreaking wind. He looked again where he was. Again he broke wind. Again he looked saosaqa'pse-. ta'xas nuk.lu'kune-. tuwul'itxo'umek. n'u'p.ane* where he was. Then he got tired. He lay down on back. He saw BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 25 Panther. He thought: "I will break wind against him." Then he turned his backside to him. Panther took off his last finger-nail and put it on his arrow. He shot Skunk. Panther killed Skunk. 18. THE MOSQUITO Mosquito went along. He saw a town. He was told: "Come, eat choke cherries." Mosquito said: "I don't eat choke cherries." Mosquito went along. He saw a town. He was told: "Come, you shall eat service berries." Mosquito said: "I don't eat service berries." Mosquito went on. Mosquito was going along. He saw a town. He was told: "Come, you shall eat blood." Mosquito went there. He ate blood. He ate much. His belly became big. He went out again. He broke sticks and all (?). Mosquito died. Little birds flew out of him. Those were mosquitoes. "Wuu, wuu! you are a manitou; you shall be mosquitoes." swa's. qalwi'yne" ktslaatsukpu'xa. ta'xas qaoxak!alaxe'kpine'. Panther. He thought he would break wind again. Then he turned his backside up. lo'keu'ne- kiapt!aha'nlukp swa'. qaoxak!o'une' a'a'k!e's. He broke off the claws Panther. He pointed his arrow. me'txane- xa'xas~. n'upe'ine- xa'xas* swa'. He shot Skunk. He killed Skunk Panther. 18. THE MOSQUITO Qa'na'xe' qatsts!a'la. n'u'pXane' sak.1uname'sine*. qakilh'lne He went Mosquito. He saw a village was there. He was told: la'n'a e'ke-n' aa'ke'ma'k!." qake'ine* qatsts!a'la hutsqa.e'kine- 5 "Come, eat choke cherries." He said Mosquito: "I do not eat aa'ke'lma'k!. ts!mna'xe- qatsts!a'la. n'u'pxane.sak.1unam'sine*. choke cherries." He started Mosquito. He saw a village was there. qakil'lne~ la'n-a hmtsxal'c'kine- sq!u'm'o. qake'ine- qatsts!a'la He was told: "Come, you shall eat service berries." He said Mosquito: hutsqa.'kine" sq!u'm'o. ts!mna'.xe qatsts!a'la. qana'xe'. n'u'pxane' "I do not eat service berries." He started Mosquito. He went along. He saw sak.1uname'sine*. qakele'lne* la'n"a hntsxal'e'kine" wa"nmo. there was a village. He was told: "Come, you shall eat blood." qaoxa'xe* qatsts!a'la. n'e'kin'e wa"nmo's. yunaqa'pse- n'c'kine'. 10 He went there Mosquito. He ate blood. Much he ate. wtlwu'mne'. laanaxa'mne- n'upla'pse" louk!s la.uk!el'anaxo'se'ts. His belly was big. ~ He went out again, he was killed stick broke him (?). n'I'pine* qatsts!a'la. tsaqona'ne- tuq!wetsqa'mna qakxa'l'ananoHe died Mosquito. Little birds flew xu'n'e pal n'e'n'-e qatsts!a'la. wu'u, wu'u nipe'k!a ne'nko. ke'nlein out, those were Mosquitoes. "Wu'u, wu^ul a manitou you. You shall be qatsts! a'la. mosquitoes." 26 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 19. THE MAN AND THE WASPS An old man went along. He defecated. Wasps stung his anus. He put his hand in. He soiled his hand. He shook his hand. There was a stone. He hurt his hand. He put his hand into his mouth. He tasted his excrement. 20. LAME KNEE There was a town. The chief said they would break camp in order to plant.' They broke camp. The chief's wives went to draw water. There were the friends of Lame Knee. His friends said: " You ought to steal the chief's wife." Lame Knee started. He went there limping. The chief's wife came back carrying water. He seized her. She said to him: "Let me go; the chief wants to drink." Lame Knee said: "I will not let you go." The woman said: "Let me go; 19. THE MAN AND THE WASPS Qa'na'xe' nu1'a'qana. qaoxal'u'xte'k. n'itk!ona'pse" yu''wat!s Hewept along an old man. He defecated. They stung him wasps aa'k!alaxe'kp!s. qa'naq!a1e'ine- mats!e'ine'. neis qaqana'ane aa'ke'es his anus. He put his hand in, he soiled his hand. That he did his hand (he shook) swetsnu'kse-. t!aqtseyxo'ume*k. naqtuq!waq!ale'ne. n'u'ktukue'ise* where was a stone. He hurt his hand. Heput hishand intohismouth. It smelled his hand of aa'q!u'le-'s. his excrement. 20. LAME KNEE 5 Qa-k.luna'mne*. qake'ine- naso',kue'n tsu'qnaneya'mne-ts ts!ttThere was a town. He said the chief they would break camp to sow mo'k!o 'Ine.' ta'xas n'umetsk.1una'mne*. xunyaxak!o'use' tclnain the ground. Then they broke camp. They went and dipped the water mu"e's naso'ukue-n. qahaqa'ane* alswu'timo q!o'malq!a'n-k!o. wives of the chief. There were friends Lame Knee. qak.1a'pse- alswu'e's xma' nhawetsnutEme'1ne' tinanmu"e's They said his friends: "You ought to steal the wife of naso'uku"en. ts!ma'xe' q!oma1q la'n'k!o. qaoxuaq!ank!o'ute'k. the chief." He started Lame Knee. He went there limping. 10 laapskalko'Ise* tlnamu.c'se-s naso'ukue'ns. tsnke'n'e. qak.la'pse' She came back carry- his wife the chief's. He took hold of She said to him: ing water her. peske'n'u ma kts!e'iko'I naso'kue-n. qake'ine* q!o*malq!a'n*k!o "Let me go, he wants to drink the chief." He said Lame Knee: hutslaqa'ptskne'sine'. qak.la'pse- neis pa 'lkeis peske'n'u tu'xwa "I will not let you go." She said that woman: "Let me go, almost 1 The planting of tobacco is meant. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 27 the chief might be angry; the chief wants to drink." Then they broke camp. They went to the chief. The chief was told: "Lame Knee is holding your wife." The chief said: "Go to him. Tell him to let her go because I am thirsty." They went to him. He was told: "The chief says he wants you to let her go because he wants to drink." Lame Knee said: "Go to the chief; tell him that I shall not let her go." They went to the chief. He was told: "Lame Knee says that he will not let her go." The chief said, being now angry: "Ha, ha, hoya!"-"Tell him I shall not let the chief's wife go." (The chief) took a knife. He went there. He arrived at the place where his wife was. Lame Knee was holding the wife of the chief. (The chief) said to him: "Let go of her." Lame Knee said: " I shall not let go of her." The chief went there. He cut off his head. He threwit away. The head turned over; it smiled while it was rolling Isan'-wey naso'uku"en. ma kts!e'iko-' naso',k"e'n. ta'xas may be angry the chief. He wants to drink the chief." Then n'umetsk.1una'mne'. qaoxaxame'sine' naso'ukue'n. qakile'Inethey broke camp. They went to the chief. He was told naso'ukue-n sa'wetsk'n-'e q!omalq!a'n'k!o tAnamun's'mel. qathe chief: "He holds her Lame Knee your wife." ke'ine- naso'ukue-n qo'name'lkeil qak'lkeil kdpe'skein ma kohokuHe said the chief: "Go to him tell him he shall let her go because nuq!luma'meil. qo-naxame'sine*. qakile'lne- qake'ine* naso'ukue-n 5 I am thirsty." They went to him. He was told: " He says the chief * kmnlptske'nmeil ma kts!e'iko-1. qake'"ne* q!o'malq!a'n'k!o qo'namf'1 -you shall let her go he wants to drink." He said Lame Knee: "Go keil naso'ukue-n. kenlqak'lkeil ku'sl'aqa'peske'nmeil. qo-naxame'sito the chief. Tell him I shall not let her go." They went to ne* naso'ukU"en. qakile'lne" qake',ne- q!o'malq!a'n'k!o ksdelaqap'skmn. the chief. He was told: " He said Lame Knee he will not let her go." qake'ine- naso',kue'n ta'xas ksa'n'lwey ha-ha'ho-ya. ktnlqaHe said the chief now being angry: "ha ha hoya.", - "Tell ke'lkeil ku'sl-aqa'peske'nmeil telnamu"e-s naso'0kue-n. tsukua'te- 10 him I shall not let go the wife of the chief.." He took aa'ktsa'ma-Is. qaoxa'xe*. laxa'xe- sa:wesqa'pse" telnamu"e's. a knife. He went there. He arrived where was his wife. q!o*malq!a'n-k!o sa'wetske'n'e- telnamue'se's naso'ukUe'ns. qaLame Knee held the wife of the chief. k.la'pse- pesk'ne-n'. qake'ine- q!o*malq!a'n'k!o hutsla'qapeske'n'e*. He said to him: "Let go of her." He said Lame Knee: " I shall not let go of her." qaoxa'xe- naso'uke-n. lulama'ane'. n'eqanme'te'. luqa'qlmakek.He went there the chief. He cut off his He threw it away. The head head. la"mne- qous ya'qa'oxaqa'ye'xome'jke* la'tuwitsIilnu'kuena'n'e". 15 turned over; there the place where it rolled he was smiling. to 28 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 along. He cut off his arm. It remained hanging down. He cut off the other arm. It was thrown away. Then both arms were off. One leg wos cut off. It was thrown away. The other leg was cut off. The body fell down. Then it was cut to pieces. Then the people went away and put up the tents at Where-they-used-to-sowTobacco. At night the people were asleep. Some one was heard singing. The people said: "It sounds like Lame Knee, who is dead." Lame Knee arrived. He killed the chief. He married his two wives. He took both of them. 21. THE YOUTH WHO KILLED THE CHIEFS An old man who had a daughter lived in a tent. A man arrived. He kept his daughter.2 She had another child. It was a male. He killed him. The woman lived in the tent. She had another child. lu-qual'sine- aa'k.la't!e's. qa'qaq!ma'weslatxo'une'. nao'k!ue-s aa'k.It was cut off his arm. It remained hanging down. The other la't!e's luqual'sine*. n'elqanmet.1'sine'. ta'xas xatsmndt'alt.la'"t!ne'. arm he cut off. It was thrown away. Then both arms were off. nao-k!usa'q!e's lu'saq!qa'lneo. n'eqanmet.1'sine. nao-k!usa'q!e-s One leg was cut off. It was thrown away. The other leg luqual'sine-. n' onaxo'une-. ta'xas na'n-oque-qa'Ineo. ta'xas was cut off. The body fell down. Then it was cut to pieces. Then 5 no'q!naneya'mne- qaoxuat.lana'mne* aa'qa'nak!alamu'k!o. people went away and put up the tents at Where-they-used-to-sowTobacco. ktslmi-'yet kq!u'mne'"na'm. nulpaln/'lne- na'wasxoneya'mne'. At night people were asleep. It was heard some one singing. qakeya'mne* nelke'ine- q!o-malq!a'n-k!o. ma ki'ip. sl'axa'xe* People said: "It must be Lame Knee who is dead." He arrived q!omalq!a'nk!o. n'ipe'lne" neis naso'ukue'ns. n' asa'ltt.se'. Lame Knee. He killed that chief. He married them. xa'tsneltsuk"a'te'. Both he took. 21. THE YOUTH WHO KILLED THE CHIEFS 10 Qanet.la'ane- nul'a'qana naqa'lte" pa'lkeis. wa'xe- t/tqa't!. There lived in a an old man had a child a woman. He arrived a man. tent tsukua'te* swenese-s. lahaqa'lte' n'e'nse' t'tqa't!s. q!akpakitxo'une". He took his daughter. She also had a it was a male. He killed him. child, qanet.1a'ane- nei tdna'mu. lahaqa'lte' n'c'nse* na.utena'nas. She lived in a tent that old woman. Again she had a it was a girl. child; SAccording to Barnaby, a Blackfoot tale. 2 Evidently he had married the girl, and he was in the habit of preserving the lives of his daughters, but killing his sons. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 29 It was a girl. He kept her. The chief lived there, driving game. He skinned a buffalo cow. He started to go back. He took a travois. He started off. He put the meat into it. He started to go back. He came back. That chief did not give any meat to his parents-inlaw. The old woman was hungry. The old man's son-in-law did not give him anything to eat. She had another child, a male. She said: "Do not tell the chief that I have given birth." She said to her father: "Early to-morrow shoot a buffalo cow. Don't be afraid of the chief." Early the next day the old man shot a buffalo cow. He killed a cow. (The chief) went out early. He saw the old man skinning. He went in again. He took a bow. He thought: "I will kill that old man." The chief started. He arrived., He said to him: "Did you kill a cow?" The old man said: "Yes, it is mine." The chief said: "No; it is not yours, it is mine." The chief took his bow. tsukua'te-. qaosa'qa'ane* nei naso',kue'n naqane'le-k. n'umitse'ite' He took her. He staid the chief driving game. He skinne. lu'kpu's. lats!ena'xe'. tsukua'te- aa'q!ukamal't'se-s. ts!mna'xe'. n'oa cow. He started back. He took a travois. He started. ' qoxa"nte" aa'ku'la-ks'. latsn!na'xe-. lalaxa'xe'. qahe's'e- nawaspaT''es He put into it the meat. He started back. He got back. Nothe gave his parents-inmeat to law nei naso'ukuenn. nuwa'sine- nei tena'mu. qahesa'pse- nawaspa'Te's that chief. She was hungry the old woman. Not he gave him his son-in-law to eat ne* nul'a'qaha. lahaqa'lte- tc'tqa-t!s. qak.la'pse- maats tsxana*'te-n' 5 the old man. She had a child a male. She said: " Don't talk about it to again naso'ukue'n neis kohaqa'pmil. qake'Ine" tetu'e's kanmi'yit wu'Ina'm the chief that I have given birth." She said to her father: "To-morrow * early hmtsme't-ane* - lu'kpu'. maats hents!one'lne" naso',kue'n. you will shoot a cow. Don't be afraid of the chief." kkanmi'yet.s wu'Ina'ms me'txane- lu'kpu's nei nul'a'qana. The following day early he shot a cow that old man. n'uk!uil'dwa'ne- lu'kpu's. wu'lna'ms n'anaxa'mne'. n'u'pxane- sakOne he killed cow. Early he went out. He saw nu'q!me'ise" neis nul'a'qanas. la*tmaxa'mne'. tsukua'te- t!a'wu's. 10 skinning that old man. He went in again. He took a bow. qalwi'yne- hul'u'pil nei nul'a'qana. ts!cna'xe' nei naso',kue'n. He thought: "Let me kill that old man." He started that chief. laxa'xe*. qake'lne* ke'm ne'nko lu'kpu' kinsl'l'wa. qake'ine' He arrived. He said to "Is it yours a cow did you kill?" He said him: nei nul'a'qana he nn't'n-e- ka'min. qake'ine- nei naso'uk"e'n that old man: "Yes, it is mine." He said that chief: wa'ha qa.e'n'e nenko. n''n-'e ka'min. tsukua'te* t!awu"e's "No, not it is yours. It is mine." He took his bow 30 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 He did not see the youth who was there.' He thought he would kill the old man. The youth arose. He took his bow. He shot the chief. He killed him. He said to his father: "Now take the meat and go back home." He took it. He arrived at home. The youth entered the chief's tent. At once he killed the chief's wives. He threw them outside. He said to his father: "Go in, it shall be your tent." He said to his mother: "Are there no people?" He was told: "There is a town down the river." He was told: "The chief there is like this one was., He does not give away any food." The youth said: "I will start." The youth started. He arrived there. He entered an old woman's tent. He said to her: "I am hungry." He was told: "We are hungry." She took a dish. She put something into it. She gave it to him. She was told: "I said I am hungry." The old woman said: "We are hungry. There is much naso'ukue-n. qa.u'p.ane' netsta'hals saosaqa'pse". qalwi'yne" the chief. Not he saw the youth being there. He thought ketsu'pi'l ne's nul'a'qanas. n'owo'kune- nei mntsta'hal. tsukua'te* he would kill the old man. He arose that youth. He took t!awu"e's. mA'tXane" naso'ukue-ns. n'ipe'lne. qak'lIne* tetu'e's his bow. He shot the chief. He killed him. He said to his father: ta'xas tsukua'te-n' aa'ku'la-k kenlats!e'nam. tsukua'te~. la'laxa'"Now take the meat and go back home." Ie took it. He arrived at home. 5 xe'. tinaxa'mne- aa'ket.lac'se's neis naso'ukue'ns nei netsta'hal. He entered his tent that chief's that youth. tdnamu.t'se's n'uk!uilq!akpakitxo'une'. n'anaqanme'te'. qake'IneHis wives at once he killed them. * He threw them outside. He said to tetu"e's 'ne'nko tenmaxa'me'n'. tsxal'en'e' aa'kit.1a"ne's. his father: "You enter. It will be your tent." Qakt'lne" ma'es ke'lu aqlsma'kinek!. qak.la'pse- nei k!unanmi'tuk He said to his mother: "No people?" He was told: "That down river saak.luna'mne". qak.la'pse- yaaqaqa'ake- na* aa"ke qaqa'ane' is a town." He was told: "The wdy as was this also is one 10 naso'ukue'n. at qaheska'ane". qake'ine* nei netsta'hal huts!ena'xe". the chief. Not he gives to eat He said that youth: "I'll start." to any one." ts!na'xe' nei netsta'hal. la-a'xe'. tinawxa'mne- aa'ket.la.c'se's He started that youth. He arrived He entered her tent there. tlna'mu's. qake'lne* hunuwa'sine'. qak.la'pse" hunuwas'nala'ane'. an old woman's. He said to her: "I am hungry." He was told: " We are hungry." tsukua'te~ a'tsus. n'oqoxa"nte'. namate'ktse". qak.la'pse* She took a dish. She put it in., She gave it to him. She was told: hoquake'ine~ hunuwa'sine". qake'ine' nei telna'mu hunuwas'nala'ane-. "I said I am hungry." She said ihat old woman: "We are hungry. 1 Evidently this is the son, who had grown up meanwhile. BOAS] KTJTENAI TALES 31 food in the chief's tent, but nobody goes in there." The youth said: "I'll go." He was told by the old woman: "Don't go." The youth arose. He went there. He entered the chief's tent. (The chief) was asleep. (The youth) said to him: "I have entered your tent." (The, chief) got up from his bed. He became a rattlesnake. (The youth) took his arrow. He struck him. He knocked him down. His wives at once became rattlesnakes, and he knocked them down. He went out again. He said: "Come in, all of you, and get ineat." The youth said: " Are there no other people?" He was told: " There is a town down the river." The youth said: "I will start." He was told: "The chief is bad." He started. He arrived at the town. There an old woman was living in a tent. He entered. He said to her: "I am hungry." He was told: "We are hungry." She took a dish. She put something into it. She gave it to him. He said to her: "I said I am hungry." He was told: "There is no food." He was told: "There is much food in that tent, but nobody goes in naso',kue-n aa'ktt.1a'e-s yunaqa'ane- k!i'keil at qaatinaxamna'mne'. The chief his tent much food, but not any one goes in." qake'ine" nei netsta'ha huts!ena'xe'. qak.la'pse- neis tlna'mu's He said that youth: "I'll go." He was told by that old woman: maats ts!'nan'. n'owo'kune n ne netsta'hal. qaoxa'xe'. tmnaxa'mne" " Don't go!" He arose that youth. He went there. He entered aa'ket.lae'se's naso'ukue-ns. sak.le'itse-. qake'lne- husedtkaxa'mnethe tent of, the chief. He was asleep. He said to "I have entered him: aa'ket.la"ne's. n'ukunoxa'mne'. n'mqa'pte-k we'lma'l. tsukua'teyour tent." He got up from his bed. He became a rattlesnake. He took a'a'k!e-s. qanla'lte'. q!akpakitxo',ne'. neis altcdnamu"e's his arrow. He struck him. He knocked him down. Then his wives n'uk!uil'mn-qapta'kse- we'lma'is. n'uk!uilq!akpakitxo'une. la-anaat once became rattlesnakes. One at a time he knocked them down. He went xa'mne'. qake'ine* q!a'pe- qokuayaxa'keil aa'ku'la'k. out again. He said: " All " come and get meat." Qake'ine- nrtsta'hal ki'lu aqlsma'kinek! laa'k!la-k. qakilt'lne* nei He said the youth: "Are people others?" He was told: "That there no k!unanme'tuk saak.luna'mne'. qake'ine n ne netsta'hal hults!na'xe-. down river is a town." He said that youth: "I'll start." qakil'Ine- saha'n'e- naso',kue'n. tsmna'xe'. laxa'xe- saak.luname'siHe was told: "Bad is the chief." He started. HIe arrived where was a town ne'. sanet.la'ase- tlna'mu's. tcnaxa'mne'. qakc'lne- hunuwa'sine-. Wherelived in a tent an old woman. He entered. He said to "T am hunrTr " 5 10 her: qak.la'pse- hunuwas'nala'ane'. tsukua't.se a'tsu*s. n'oqouxake'nseHe was told: " We are hungry." She took a dish. She put it into it, namatiktsa'pse'. qake'lne- hoquake'ine' hunuwa'sine'. qak.la'pseshe gave it to him. He said to "I said I am hungry." He was told: her: lo',ne- ku.ikina'la. "There is our food." none qak.la'pse- nei hant.lana'mke- yunaqa'ane 15 He was told: "That where tent is is much 32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 there." The youth said: "I'll go." He went out. He got there. He entered, and the chief was asleep. He said to him: "Get up." The chief got up from his bed. He became a grizzly bear. The youth took his arrow and struck him. He knocked him down. At once (the chief's) wives became grizzly bears. He knocked them down. He threw them outside. The youth went out again. He said: "Take the meat." They took the meat. The youth said: "Are there no other people?" He was told: "There is a town down the river." The youth started. He arrived at the town. He entered the tent of an old woman. He said to her: "I am hungry." He was told: "We haveno food." She took a dish and put something into the dish. She gave it to him. He spoke to her, he said: "I am hungry." He was told: "There is much food in that tent, but nobody goes in there." The youthsaid: "I'll k!t'ke'1 at qatmaxamna'mne'. qake'ine- nei netsta'hal huts!ma'xe". food but not any one goes in." He said that youth: "I'll go." n'anaxa'mne". qaoxa'.xe. tenaxa'mne'. sak.le'itse" naso'ukue'n. He went out. He got there. He entered. He was asleep the chief. qake'lne" o'kunoxa'men'. n'okunxa'mne- nei naso'ukue'n. He said to "Arise." He got up from the bed that chief. him: n'mqa'pte'k k.la'wla's. tsukua'te- a'a'k!e-s nei netsta'hal. qanla'lte'. He became a grizzly bear. He took his arrow that youth. He struck it. 5 q!akpakitxo'une*. neis altdnamu. 'se-s no'k!ucl'enqapta'kseHe knocked it down. Then his wives each became k.la'wla's no'k!uiq!akpakitxo'une-. n'anaqanme'te'. laanaxa'mnegrizzly bear he knocked them down. He threw them outside. He went out again nei netsta'hal. qake'ine- qokuayaxa'keil aa'ku'la-k. that youth. He said: "Take ye the meat." qokuayaxa'Ine~ aa'ku'la-k. They took the meat. Qake'ine n ne nctsta'hal ki'lu aqlsma'kinnk! laa'k!la'k. qakil/'neHe said that youth: "Are people others?" He was told: there no 10 nei k!unanmi'tuk saak.luna'mne". ts!mea'xe* nei netsta'hal. laxa'xe' "That down river there is a town." He started that youth. He arrived; saak.1unam'sine. tnmaxa'mne- aa'ket.1a.c'se-s tdna'mu's. qake'lne" there was a town. He entered the tent of an old woman. He said to her: hunuwa'sine. qak.la'pse- lo'une* kuekna'la. tsukua't.se- a'tsus n'oqou" I am hungry." He was told: "There our food." She took a dish; she put is none xa"nt.se- a'tsus. namatiktsa'pse". qake'Ine- hoquake'ine- hunuwa'sine-. it into it the dish. She gave it to him. He said to "I said I am hungry." her: qak.Ia'pse* nei hanct.lan'a'mke- yunaqa'ane" k!e'ke-' at qatnmaxamHe was told: "That where tent is is much food, but not any one BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 33 go." He was told by the old woman: "Don't go there." He arose. He went out. He went there. He entered. He sat down. He said to (the chief): "Arise." The chief got up from his bed. He became a buffalo bull. (The youth) took his arrow and struck him with it. He knocked him down. (The chief's) wives at once became buffalo cows. He knocked them down. He threw them outside. He said: "Come and take the meat." 22. THE WHITE MAN A white man went along. He saw (another) white man on the branch of a tree. He was chopping off the limb close to the trunk. The white man was told: "You will fall." The white man said: "I shall not fall." He said no more. This one started. (The other one) was chopping along. He chopped it off. He fell down. na'mne., qake'ine- nei netsta'hat hults!ma'xe". qak.la'pse' neis goes in." He said that youth: " I'll go." He was told by that t*lna'mu's maats ts!'nan'. n'owo'kune'. n'anaxa'mne-. qaoxa'xe'. old woman: "Don't go there." He arose. He went out. He went there tmaxa'mne'. n'esakunu'n'e'. qak'lne- oknoxa'men'. n'oknoxa'mneHe entered. He sat down. He said to "Arise." He got up from his. him: bed nei naso'ukUe'n. n'nqa'ptse'k n.l'seiks. tsukua'te- a'a'k!e's that chief. He became a bull. He took his arrow; qanlaltimu'n'e'. q!akpakitxo'une'. neis alttnamu./'se-s n'ok!uil'mhe struck it with it. He knocked it down. Then his wives at once qapta'kse- lu'kpu-s n'ok!uilq!akpakitxo'une*. n'anaqanmete'. became cows. at once he knocked them down. He threw them outside. qake'ine" qo-kawesyaxa'keil aa'ku'la-k. He said: " Come and take the meat." 5 22. THE WHITE MAN Qa*na'xe. soya'pe'. n'u'pxane" soya'pe-s aa'kets!la'e'ns qawetsq!He went along a white man. He saw a white man a tree standing on nu'se" aa'kets!k!a'laks. n'ntaakitsxo',ne*. qak.la'pse- soya'pe's a branch. He chopped off the limb He was told the white man: close to the trunk. hmts!onaxu'n'e'. qake'ine" nei soya'pe" at huqa'onaxu'n*e. la'qats- 10 "You will fall." He said the white "I (shall) not fall." He said no man: xa'n-e". na tsmena'xe*. qaankitsxo'une*. k!axo'une-. n'onaxu'n'e'. more.. This one started. He chopped along. Hie chopped it He fell down. off. 855430-Bull. 59-18- 3 34 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 23. THE FRENCHMAN AND His DAUGHTERS There lived a Frenchman and his. three daughters. He said to them: "You shall do whatever I tell you." The Frenchman went away. There was a stump. He arrived and struck it. It opened, and it was a door. Grizzly Bear came to look, and (the Frenchman) was told: "Come!" The Frenchman entered. He took food. He ate, and after eating he was told: "You will give me your child. I shall marry her." The Frenchman said to the Grizzly Bear: "I will give you my daughter," He went back. He arrived at home. He said to his eldest daughter, he said to her: "I told you, 'Whatever I tell you, that you must do.' " The girl said: "You said so." Her father said to her: "Let us go to-morrow." On the following day the Frenchman went with his daughter. He arrived at the stump. The Frenchman knocked at the stump. The door opened. The Grizzly Bear came out and said to him: "Come in!" The two entered. 23. THE FRENCHMAN AND His DAUGHTERS Qa'nct.la'ane* nu-T'a'qana qalsaqa'lte- na.u't's. qak/'lne' ka' hu'There lived an old man three children girls. He said to "Whatever (Frenchman) them: n'aqak.l'ke'lts qa'lmn a'tnstsqa'qanapkc'lne'. ts!mna'xe' nei nu'l'I tell you just, however, you shall do." He started that a'qana senqulukpku'pse" laxa'xe- qanla'lte*. nuk!umenmuxu'seFrenchman to where was a stump. He arrived, he struck it. It opened, pa'- smk!ala-xwe.e'ts-e. nakaawetske'kse- k.la'wlas qak.la'pse- la'n-a. it was a door. Came out to look Grizzly Bear, he was told: " Come!" 5 tinaxa'mne' nei nul'a'qana. n'itke'nse- ki'ek. n'i'kne' ku'l'ek. He entered the Frenchman. He took food. He ate; he finished eating. qak.la'pse- hmtsa'mataktsa'pne- aaqa'ltne 's huts'alite'tne. qak'lneHe was told: " You will give me your child, I shall marry her." He said to him nei nu4'a'qana k.la'wlas hutsa'matektse'sine- ka'swn. lats!na'xe-. that Frenchman Grizzly Bear: "I'll give her to you my daughter." He went back. la'laxa'xe" aa'kit.la'e-s. qakc'Ine- neis kw/'qaps sw/'ne's. qak/'lne* He arrived at his tent. He said to that eldest his daughter. He said to her: ma koqa'k.le's ka" hun'aqa'k.le's qaln at kntsqa'qana. qake'ine* "I told you whatever I tell you just, however, you must do." She said 10 nei na.u'te* ma koqa'ke-. qak.la'pse* su"es kkanmi'yet hutsts!ethat girl: "I said so." She was told by her father: "To-morrow we naxala'ane'. kkanmi-'yet.s ts!ake'kine* swe'ntmo nei nu'l'a'qana. shall go." Next day they two went with his daughter that Frenchman. laxa'xe* snqulukpku'pse'. qanla'lte" nei nu'l'a'qana nels He arrived at the stump. He knocked that Frenchman that aa'qulu'kpkoup's. nuk!"nnmmoxo'une- lak!anxo'una'l. n'akaxa'mse stump. It opened the door. He came out k.la'wlas. qak.la'pse- tkaaxa'mkeil. tnma'ksxa'mne". n'itk/nse* the Grizzly Bear. He said to him: "Come in." The two entered. He prepared BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 35 He prepared food. They ate. After he had finished eating, he said to his daughter: "You shall marry him." The Frenchman went back. At night his daughter came back. He said to her: "Why did you come back?" His daughter said to him: "I was afraid; he is a Grizzly Bear." The Frenchman said: "He will bite us." He said to his (next) daughter: "To-morrow we shall go to him. You shall marry him." On the following day he went with his daughter. The two went there. He knocked at the door. (The Grizzly Bear) opened it. They entered. He prepared food. After they had eaten, the Frenchman went back. In the evening his daughter came back. He said to her: "Why did you come back The Grizzly Bear will bite us." He said to the youngest daughter, he said to her: "To-morrow we shall go to the Grizzly Bear. You shall marry him." The following day they two went together. They went there together. He arrived. He knocked at the door. The Grizzly Bear opened it. They entered. He prepared the food. After they had eaten, the Frenchman went back. In the evening the woman went ke'e-k. n'e'kine. kue''ek. qake'lne- swt'ne's hmts-alite'tne. food. They ate. They finished He said to his daughter: " You will marry him." eating. la'ts!mna'xe- nei nu-'a'qana. ktsilmi'yet.s la-wa'se" swe'ne's. He started back that Frenchman., At night came back his daughter. qake'lne- qa'psin ke'nsel-ats!e'ka'm. qak.la'pse" swe'ne's hun'one'lne" He said to her: "Why do you come back?" She said to him his daughter: " I was afraid; pal ke'en k.la'wla. qake'ine" nei nu'l'a'qana tsxa'lit!xanahe is a Grizzly Bear." Said that Frenchman: "He will bite wa'sine'. qak'/Ine- sw'ne's kkanmi'yct hutsqona'xala.'sine~ hen- 5 us." He said to his daughter: "To-morrow we shall go to him, you ts'alite'tine-. kkanmi'yet.s qo-nakekma'lne- swe'ne-s. laxa'kekma'lne". swill marry him." Next day they two went together his daughter. They two went back. qanla'lte- laq!anx6'na'ls. nuk!"ur'ke'n-'e. tenaxa'mne'. n'etke'nseHe knocked at the door. He opened it. They entered. He prepared ke'ek. ku'l'ek la-ts!ena'xe- nei nu'l'a'qana. ktselmi'yet.s la'wa'se' food. When they fin- he went back the Frenchman. In the evening came back ished eating, sw/'ne's. qake'lne* qa'psin kensed'ats!'ka*m. tset!xanawa'sine* his daughter. IIe said to her: "Why did you come back? He will bite us k.la'wla. qak'lne* neis ktsaqu'nas swe'ne's. qake'lne* kkanmi''yet 10 the Grizzly He said to her that youngest one his daugher- He said to her: "To-morrow Bear." hutsqo'na'xaa-e'sine k.lawla. hnts*a'iitetne. kkanmi'yet.s ts!n!awe shall go to him the Grizzly Bear. You will marry him." Next day they two kekma'lne*. qao-xwakekma'lne. laxa'xe'. t!axo'une~ laq!anixo'nals. went together. They went there together. HIe arrived. He knocked at the door. nuk!"umn-k'n*e~ k.la'wla. tenaa'mne'. n'tkense- ke'ek. ku''ek He opened the Grizzly They entered. He prepared food. When they fin. Bear. isuied eating, a'ts!mna'xe nei nul''a'qana. ktsdmi'yt.s q!u'mne'ine nei paT'lkei. he started back that Frenchman. In the evening she slept that woman. 36 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 to sleep. She did not see where her husband slept. Early the next morning she saw her husband. He was walking about. The Frenchman thought: "I might go to my daughter to see whether he bit her." He started. He arrived. He knocked at the door; he opened; he entered. There was his daughter; Grizzly Bear had not bitten her. He went back. He came back. He said to his wife: "Go to the Grizzly Bear." The old woman started. She arrived at her daughter's tent. She knocked at the door. The Grizzly Bear opened it. He said to her: "Come in!" The old woman entered. Food was prepared for her. She ate. After she had eaten in the evening, she staid there over night. At night she wanted to see how the Grizzly Bear slept. The old woman went to sleep. She did not see where he slept. In the morning she saw him walking about. qa.u'pxane- kaas naaqalq!u"mneis nu'laqana'es. kkanmi'yet.s Not she saw how slept her husband. Next day wc'lna'ms n'u'pXane' nu'laqana'e's sla'tcqa'atse-. qalwi'yne" nei early she saw her husband he walked about. He thought that nu'l'a'qana hults!ma'mi-' ka'swin naaqanqa.'t!xanaps. ts!ma'xe*. Frenchman: "I might go to my daughter whether he did not bite her." He started. laxa'xe'. t!ao',ne- laq!anxo-'nals. nuk!unke'n'e'. tmaxa'mne". He arrived. He knocked at the door. He opened. He entered. 5 sa'osaqa'pse- swe'ne's pa'- qae't!xana'pse'sne' k.la'wlas. la-ts!She staid there his daughter; he had not bitten her the Grizzly Bear. He started ma'xe*. la'laxa'xe'. qake'lne' tcnamu"e's ts!namcmle'n' k.la'wla. "back. He went back. He said to his wife: "Go to him the Grizzly Bear." ts!mna'xe- nei tdna'mu. laxa'xe' aa'ket.Ia.c'ses swe'ne*s. t!axo'une" She started that old woman. She arrived at her tent her daughter's. She knocked at la-q!anxo-'na-ls. nuk!u"kn k'n'e' k.la'wla. qak'Ine* tkaxa'men'. the door. He opened the Grizzly Bear. He said to her: "Come in!" tkaxa'mne- nei telna'mu. n'ctknmi'sne* ke'e'k. n'c'kine'. kuT'e-k She entered that old woman. It was prepared food. She ate. When she finished eating 10 walkwa.iye't.se* laqa-'kiyikse'ek. ktsclmi'yet.s qalwi'yne" ktsu'pxa in the evening, she staid over night. At night she wanted to see k.la'wlas kaas tsa'qalq!u"mne's. q!u'mne'ine" nei tdena'mu. the Grizzly Bear how he would sleep. She slept that old woman. qa.u'pxane- kaas na'qaq!u"mne's. kkanmi'yet n'u'pxane' Not she saw how he slept. In the morning she saw him slatcqa'atse'. walking about. WOAS] iKUTENAI TALES [Nos. 24-31. Told by Michel] 24. COYOTE AND OWL' There was a tent far away. Owl was there. When a child cried, its mother said: "Don't cry. Owl may take you!" At night, however, Owl came to the tent and took many children in his bark basket in which awls were standing. With these he killed them. Coyote said: "I shall become a child." Then Coyote became a child. Coyote said: "At night you shall throw me out." At night Coyote was taken and thrown out. He was taken by Owl. Owl started back to his tent. There were many children. They were there in the tent of Owl. At night Coyote said: "To-morrow you will get gum." The following day gum was taken. At night they danced. First Owl danced there. He perspired. Coyote said: "Later on I shall speak." Coyote said: "Throw the gum into the fire." The gum was thrown into the fire. It became hot. Coyote took 24. COYOTE AND OWL Qaat.Iana'mne* ilqa'ha'k. ku'pi saosaqa'ane*. n'e'la Ika'm-u ma'es There was a tent far. Owl was there. When a child its cried. mother ak.la'pse* maats e'lan' Itsukua'te-s ku'pi. tstlmi'yet.sts at said: "Don't cry, he may take you Owl." At night however q notsa'.e- ku'pi at tsukua'te* yunaqa'pse* tka'm-u's na'hi'k!e's came to tent Owl.but took many children his bark basket nakilwetsqa'pse* lo'o's. at n'upnmu'n'e*. qake'ine- ske'n'ku'ts stood in it awls: But he killed them He said Coyote: with them. ka'min hutsyxal'ne* Ika'm-u. ta'xas ske'n-ku'ts n'cnqa'pte'k 5 "I shall be it a child." Then Coyote became Ika'm-u's. qake'ine* ske'n'ku'ts tsdlmi'yet hents!an-mitapk'Ine'. a child. He said Coyote: "At night you shall throw me out." tselmiy't.se- tsukuate'lne- ske'n'ku'ts. n'an'mite'lne* tsukuata'pse' At night he was taken Coyote he was thrown out, he was taken by ku'pis. lats!na'xe* ku'pi aa'ket.la'e-s. yunaqa'ane- Ika'm'u Owl. He started back Owl to his tent. There were many children saosaqa'ane- aa'ket.lae'se's ku'pis. ktstmi'yet.s qake'ine" ske'n'ku-ts they were there the tent of Owl. At night said Coyote: kanmi'yet hnts!tsukua'te- i'lwas. kkanmi'yet.s tsukuat/e'ne- i'twas. 10 "To-morrow you will take gum." The next day it was taken gum. ktsaemi'yet naqwAna'mne". u'sme'ks ku'pi qaosaqwe'ne*. naq!ako'uAt night they danced. First Owl there danced. He perspired. ne'. qake'ine" ske'n-ku'ts ma'qak hutsxa'n'e*. qake'ine" ske'n'ku'ts He said Coyote: "Later on I shall speak." He said Coyote: xunak'nkil i'twas. xunakinmlne- i'lwas. n'utime'ine'. tsukua'te* "Throw ye into gum." It was thrown into the gum. It became hot. - He took the fire the fire 1 See pp. 20, 50. 38 BUREAtU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 the gum. Coyote said: "Later on Owl (shall do so)." He closed Owl's eyes with the gum. Owl had no eyesight. He could not see. Owl was taken. Coyote himself took Owl. He threw him into the fire. Owl died. Small ones flew out. Coyote said: "You shall be owls." 25. COYOTE AND TROUT There was Coyote. It was winter. Coyote went along. Some one said to Coyote: "Coyote, come, come!" He went there. He saw a woman. He stole her and slept with her. He was told: "We shall start for a water hole in the ice." The woman started. Coyote went with that woman, his wife. Then Coyote staid in the water. His wife was Trout. On the following day he was told: "We shall start to where many people are fishing; there is much food." Then they started. There were many trout. Coyote went along. They came to a fish line. All the people were fishing. They i'lwas- sk/'nku-ts. qake'ine" ske'n-ku-ts ma'qak ku'pi. n'itke'n'ethe gum Coyote. He said Coyote: "Later on Owl." He made ku'pis aa'kaqMl"tse's neis i'lwas". lo'use- aa'kaqh't'e's ku'pi. qa.Owl his eyes the gum. None his eyes Owl. Not u'pxane'. tsukuat/'lne- ku'pi. sk/'n'ku'ts n'csniltsukua'te- ku'pis. he saw. He was taken Owl. Coyote himself took him Owl. xunme'te' aa'knq!u'ko's. n't'pine* ku'pi. tsaquna'n-'e. nulnoxo'ne". He threw him fire. He was dead Owl. They were small. They flew out. into the fire 5 qake'ine" ske'nku-ts n'nko kenle'en ku'pi. He said Coyote: "You shall be an owl." 25. COYOTE AND TROUT Qaosaqa'ane- ske'n*ku'ts. wanuyc't.se. qa-na'xe" sk/'n ku ts. There was Coyote. It was winter. He went along Coyote. qakyam/'sine- ske'n'ku-ts sk/'nku-ts la'n-a la'n-a. qaoxa'xe". They said to Coyote: "Coyote, come, come!" He went there. n'u'pxane- pa'lkeis. n'a'yne- q!u'mnema'Ine". qak.la'pse- hutsts!mnaHe saw a woman. He stole he slept with her. He was told: "We shall start her, for xa'la a'a'ka'k. ts!na'xe" nei pa'lkei. sk/'nku'ts qsama'lne- neis the water hole." She started that woman. Coyote went with her that 10 pa'lkeis n'Ynse* telnamu"e's. taxas qaosaqa'ane- sk/'nku-ts wu'us woman, that his wife. Then staid Coyote (at the) water, n'yense-' tdnamu"e's qu'sttt!s. kanmi'yet.s qak.la'pse- hutsts!cnaxa'that his wife Trout. Next day he was told: "We shall start la neis yunaqa'pse* at naluqlawu'te* aa'qlsma'kinek! yunaqa'anethat where many are fishing people; much k!ikeil. ~ taxas tsn!ma'xe, yunaqa'ane~ qu'stet!. qsama'lne* food." Then they started. Many trout. He went with them sk/'nku'ts. laya'.xe aa'kuqla'wo's. natuk.lawu'te* q!a'pe ' aa'qlsCoyote. He came to a hook with line. They were fishing all QOAS] " tTTE1Al TALEt 9o killed trout, many trout. Coyote alone broke the hook. The people made a fish hook, a thick and big fish hook. The people were fishing. The (fish) ate the bait. Coyote was pulled out of the water. Then Coyote was taken. Then Trout was no longer Coyote's wife. Coyote staid among the Indians.' ma'kinek!. n'upe'lne- qu'stt!s. yunaqa'ane" qu'stet!. n'ok!ue'inepeople. They killed trout. Many were trout. Only one ske'n-ku-ts at n'umitsktn'en aa'kuqla'wo's. n'itke'n'e" aa'kuqla'wo's Coyote broke the hook. They made fish hook aa'qIsma'kinek! n'ale'ise- wtlqa'pse- tsu'wak!s. naluqlawu'te" the people, thick large fish hook. They fished aa'qlsma'kinek!. n'uq!uyun'ko'.une'. n'ipkaqo'xa'Ine- ske'n-ku-ts. the people. They took the bait. He was pulled out of water Coyote. ta'xas tsukuateIne* sken'ku'ts. laqa.e'n*e" ske'n'ku'ts tehna- 5 Then he was taken Coyote. No more Coyote his wife mu"e's qu'stet!s. laqaosaqa'ane* aa'qlsma'kinmk! sk'n'ku-ts. Trout. He staid (among) the Indians Coyote. lIt was explained to me that when Coyote was caught, he was clubbed, and shouted: "I am no trout, lam Coyote l" 40 40 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY(BL.5 [BULL. 59 26. SKUNK AND PA&NTHER Qaosaqa'ane a'xas. qa.ont'ne- q!a'pe-s qa'psin. qa-na'xe-. f~l'Upjcafleswa's. n'onc'ne xa'xas-. qalwi'yne-: "ksa'han xa 'as; kitsf!c'plap ýca'xas." n'etxo' mek. qa-na'xe xa'xas, n'u'pxaneswa's. tseika'te-. qaiwi'yne-: "kqasts!u'mqa'qa sway; qa'psins 5 ksle'plaps?" tsukuafte- xa'xas swa'ys. n'oqo,,:pake'we yetskeme'e-s. nyalaxo',,ne-. ts!na'xe-., qarna'xe. qalwi'yne- swa': "qa' psins n'one-I:a'xas?" qake'ine- xa'as: "nok!we'ine koo'nil aa,'ki'I ukwaxni'yam."y qa-na'xe-; ptskc'n e. skana'xe-. nu'~xte k xa',xas. qaosaqa'ane-. nal ukwaxniyame'/sine'. none'1ne xa'~as. ts-!tna'xe10 xa'xas. sway n'iknitsk'n~e' yetskemet'se-s. ts!na'xe- swa' qalwi'ynema ksa'han xa'xas. ts!ena'xe- swa'. n'one'Ine- ýa'xas. qa-na'xeswa' skikilats!la'nse neis skana' - nas 1aqaka'xe. ns Iaqana'xe-. Iaqawaaka'xe- yunaqa'pse' aa'k. c'k!e s. ts!2aa,'xe xa'ý:as. qalwi'yne- naqalshe'tske- swa'. Iqa'e-p. lats!ena'xe*. 15 1a-laxa'ce- yetskme' 'e es n' Lmitse'ise' yctskt'me-s. flU p:ýane- lo ',sea swa's. n' u'pqcane- palI qa.e'pse-. nVUp2.lafle ak.lek!e'se-s. ts!enaxeaa~k.1ek~e'se-s. qa-na'xe- xa'xas yunaqa 'pse- aalk.1k!c'se-s. qa.u' pýaneo kas flaaqa'fas swa's. n'itske'Ine* yunaqa'pse- a8,'k.kek!e'se-s. nl'U 'p:ýaflne aa'k.Iek!~se's. snale'kse-. ts!cna'xe-. ts!eiia'k!inex. 20 qalwi'yne': " kots!u'pil swa's. " Iaxa'xe aakenmi'tuks swa'. waq!nu'ne aakets!Ia'ens. Iax-a'xe xa'xas. n'eku'Ine-. n'u'pq~ane' swa' S aa-kenmce'tuks saosaqa'pse-. Me't~ane'. yunaaqa'pse- k!a'atSukp. 1alo',,se- aaq!ulu'kp!es. at'Iatsukua'te* aatq'!ulu'kp!e-s, at n'itkc'-e- at laatsu'kpane-. nuk.Iu'k-une-, n'itxo'umek. n'up::ane- swa'ys 25 aa'kts!eIa'ens qaosaqa'pse-. me'tx ne-. n'epe'lne- sway s xa 'xas. 27. THE DELUGE Qaat.1ana'mnex. at yunaaqa'ane- kalq!a't!ei lawi'yals. naqa'p.seo telnamu"e-s 'nla-k. nalq!at!e'ise Ilawi'yals. ts!ena 'zeo e'nla-k. l'u/ P~ane - ttlnamu,"es. qa.u'P~ane telnamu"w's yawo-'nck! te4namu"e s tsukuat. k'sine-. tsukua't.se - yawo -'30 ntk!s. sa nAwi'yne-. Mt'txanex n7 Ak!o une -. n' ekuIneyawo-'nck!. 1ato'unew. latsukua'te. Ialo'une q!a'pe wu'u-. n'eku'lne yawo-'nck!. Iatsukua'te. e'nla-k a'ak!e-s. Iakxa'inne wu'u. nutsu'k,,ne-. q!a'pe- aa'qlsma'kmnek! notsenqa'atse-. ta'xas Iaxa':pe wu'u. qatwi'yne- q!a'pe- aa'qlsma'kiuck! 35 ketsT-a'1ep. Lukut'n e aa'kenuq!mana'e os e'nla k. n' eyakc'n-e. qake,'ne: "Ia'Iu aakenuq!ma'anam ta'xas hutsla1~unala'ane-- ta'xas xaatsanma'q!lilnoq!mana'ane-. ta'zxas n'uk!qape'ise*. qake'1ue- "Ia'lu kaako'q!lilnoq!ma'ania ta'xas q!a'pe- huts!upnala'ane. ta'x.as 1axi'xe-. ts eieke'me-k wu'u. t a'xas 40 Iakitu'kuunex a. una'~xe a,'qlsma,'kinek!. 1Or n'umdske-'n,e. BOAS] KTUTENAI TALES 41 26. SKUNK AND PANTHER1 There was Skunk. He was not afraid of anything. He went along. I He saw Panther. He was afraid of Skunk. He thought: "Skunk is bad; I Skunk may kill me." He lay down. Skunk went along, he saw i Panther. He looked at him. He thought: "Panther is smart; what 11 may have killed him?" Skunk took Panther. He 5 put him into his bucket. I He carried him on his back. He started. He went along. Panther thought: "What I may frighten Skunk?" Skunk said: " I am afraid of one thing- I whistling." He went along. He put him down. He went along. Skunk squirted out his fluid. I He stopped there. Somebody whistled, and Skunk was scared. Skunk started. II Panther broke his bucket. Panther started. He 10 thought I Skunk was bad. Panther started. Skunk was afraid. Panther went along. I There were trees where he went. He came back here. I When he went along, he came back where there were many tracks. Skunk went along. He thought Panther had lied and that he was not dead. (Skunk) started again. I1 He got back to 15 his bucket. His bucket was broken. He saw no I Panther. He knew that he was not dead. He saw his tracks. He started I (following) his tracks. Skunk went. There were many tracks. He did not I see where Panther was. He looked for him. His tracks were many. I Hesaw his tracks. There were tracks. He went. He went quickly. He thought: "I'll kill Panther." Panther came to a river. I He 20 climbed a tree. Skunk arrived. He drank. He saw Panther in the river. He shot him. He broke much wind. He had no more fluid. He took back his fluid. He did it I and he broke wind again. He was tired. He lay down. Then he saw Panther 11 in 25 the tree. He shot him. Skunk killed Panther. I 27. THE DELUGE 2 There was a camp. There were many who picked huckleberries. Chicken Hawk had a wife. She picked huckleberries. Chicken Hawk went. I He saw his wife. He did not know that | Yawo'nik! had taken his wife. Yawo'nik! had taken her. I1 He was angry. He 30 shot him. He hit him. Yawo'nik! drank water. I There was no more (water). He took it again. There was no more water. I Yawo'nik! drank. Then Chicken Hawk took (pulled out) his arrow. Out came I the water. There was a flood. All the people went up the mountains. The water reached there. All the people thought l they would die. Chicken Hawk took off his tail. He put it up. I He 35 said: "If there is no more tail, then we shall all be lost." | The tail had four stripes. Then there was one left. ) He said: " If there is no stripe on my tail, then we shall all die." It reached there. The water stopped. Then ] it Went down. The people went down.3 I 40 1 See pp. 23, 48. 2 See p. 218. 8 Chicken Hawk put up his tail, and said that if the water should cover the four stripes on the tail, then the people would all die. 42 42 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY(BL.5 [BULL. 59 28. CHICKEN HAWK AND TOAD Qaosaqa'ane- ko',,ko n'asma'Ine- kiaq!nu'kua-ts. qake'lneqake'ine ko'uko: "Hults!ena'xala'e-s; kanulaqanana'Ia e'nla-kts kIaqka'Io,,k." laxa'xe-. ta'xas Wc''nse- nulaqana'es. qastsu' mqaqa'ane-. tsukua te- tsu'pqa's. kanmi'yet.s n'ttske'Ine5 tsu'pqa's. kaumi'yet-s qake'ine- ko'uko: "hulqsana'la." ta'xas ts!ena 'xe. n' ctske'lne- tsu 'pqa' s, q!a'pe s qa 'psins kwi 'Iqle s. qa-na'xe t'~nla-kts ko',,ko. tsEmak!e' se- no'kwe s. e'nla-k qalwi'yne-: "hu1'e'pel" n'ipe'1ne- ko'uko's- lats!ena'xe- aa'ket.Ia'e-s e'nla-k. ala,,'kene'k!e-s ko'uko n'upxana'pse* tsukuata'pseo. 10 lats!enalkna'pse a,,ket.Ia'e-s. sa-nilwi'yne- ma'e-s ko',,koqake'ine- ma'e-s ko'uko: "hults!enaxa'1a." ts!ena'xe-. qake 'ine: "lna-s at kaha'xe- 'nla-k." qaosaqa'ane- ki'as ma'timo ko'uko na'kelwetske'Ine: e'nla-k. n'u'pxalle-; ska'xe e'nla-k. n'etiatsu' n e ko'uko ma'timo. wa'xe- e'nla-k. tsukuate'lne-. Iatsinamnalt'lne15 e'nla-k a,,'ket~lana'me-s. k!umnaqaqa',,ne-. aa,'kenq!okops atwcseya'rnnw noko'une-.' klumnaqaqa'ane-. n'U'P--ane- kiaqka'Lo,,k k!umnaqa'qaps tsa' 'e s. ts!ena'xe*. tsukwa'te- tsa' e-s. latskalke'n-e. n'ttke'n-e Iasou'kse- tsa'e-s. kiaqka'Iouk. kanini'yct.s n'etske'Ine- q!a'pe-s qa'psinas. so'ukse- qak!umnaqaqa'ane e'n-~ 20 Ia-kts kiaqka'Iouk. ta'xas. 29. RACE OF FROG AND ANTELOPE Qaqa',,ne- wa'tak. qake'1ne-: "hlmts!enaxa'ia ne'tuk!p aaket.ia'es hutsalnuxionaqnemahina'alle. nainukupqa'n nt'tuk!p. qamate'iie- nalnukupqa'ane-. 1a.apxe' wa'tak. qake'line q!a'pe-s wa'taks: "ne- qakna'pkeiL." n'etxo'ume-k 25 q!a'pe- wa'tak. peskt'-e- q!a'pe-'s a,,'kuqla"nte-s. peske 'n e ne'ituk!p aa' kuqia' nte-s. ta'xas na'inuxionaqna'mne-. n'itkeswisqa'ane-. ts!tna'xex. qa-ts!tna'kne ne'ituk!p. ta'xas wa'tak -ts!ena'kne-. mate'lne n~tuk p. tsukuat.1e'sinew aa' kuqla"nte-s. lats!ena'ze-. wa'tak q ape- sakqa'anex nuwa'sine- nok!nuqlu30 ma'-e-. kwalkwa'yit.s lats!ena'xe- q!a'pew wa'tak. mate'Inee ne'Ituk!p. 30. THEiF WOMAN AND THE GIANT Qaosqa'ae ~aqlsmfa'ksllck!. ts!ena'xew. qa-na'xe-. U' U' e'ka's; n'ipia'psew. iaqawa'ze- aatket.ia'e-s. ts!ena'xe- n'okl~ue'ine. pa'Ike,. naqa'pse- aa'qa'It!e-s. qa-na zxe,. n u'p:Zcane e'ka's. 35 qak.ia'pse-: "qa'psin?" qake'jne e'ka: "ka's ken'aqa'kIdn." qak.Ia'pse' neis pa'Ikeis: "n'e'n-e tsa"nems" qake'jne-: "ka's ken'aqa'ki-n kslaqts!exma'Ia." qak.Ia'pse-: "hukue-'kine-ts siaqts!exmala'ane.-" qake'iae*: "ke-'kinu." qak.Ia'pse- neis pa'1keis: BOAS] KUTENAI TA4ES 43 28. CHICKEN HAWK AND TOAD There was the Toad. With him was Golden Eagle. Toad said I [he said to him]: "Let us go! Chicken Hawk and Blue Hawk (?) shall be our husbands." I Then he was her husband. He was skillful. I He caught Deer. One morning he was watching I| the Deer. In the 5 morning Toad said: "I'll go with you." Then I he started. He watched the Deer and everything-mountain sheep, rams.1 i Chicken Hawk and Toad went along. His stone was hard (?). Chicken Hawk I thought: "I'll kill her.'" He killed Toad. Chicken Hawk started back I to his tent. Toad was seen by her parents. She was taken. 1 They went to their tent. The mother of Toad was angry. | 10 The mother of Toad said: "Let us go!" They started. She said: I "Chicken Hawk passes by here." The two, Toad and her mother, staid there. ( Chicken Hawk was watched for. They saw Chicken Hawk coming along. I Toad and her mother were in hiding. Chicken Hawk arrived. He was taken. |1 Chicken Hawk 15 was carried back to the tent. He was poor. He was made to perspire over the fire (?). He was poor. Blue Hawk (?) knew I that his younger brother was poor. He went. He took his younger brother. He went to take him. Blue Hawk (?) restored his younger brother. On the following day I he looked for all kinds (of animals). He was well. II Chicken Hawk and Blue Hawk were no 20 longer poor. I 29. RACE OF FROG AND ANTELOPE2 There was Frog. He said: "Let us go to Antelope's tent! We will race with him." Antelope was a fast runner. I He was never beaten in racing. Frog arrived there. I He said to all the Frogs: "Dothis." I| Allthe Frogslay down. (Frog) put down all her clothes. 1 25 Antelope put down his clothes. Then he ran fast. I They two stood together. He started. Antelope did not run fast. Then Ffog I went fast, got ahead of Antelope, and took her clothes. I She started again. All the Frogs were lying there. (Antelope) was hungry and thirsty. [I In the evening all the Frogs started. They got ahead of I Antelope. I 30 30. THE WOMAN AND THE GIANT There were the Indians. They started. They went along. They saw I a Giant, who killed them. They did not return to their tents. One I woman started. She had a child. She went along. She saw the Giant. lI She said to him: "What is it " The Giant said: "What 35 are you doing?" i The woman said to him: "This is your younger brother." He said: "What j did you do to make him so white " She said to him: "I cooked him I to make him white." He said; '1 hat means he was hunting deer, mountain sheep, and other animals. 2 See p. 244. 44 44 ~~BUIIEAU OF &MERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 " ~ tsukua'ten' Iuk!." tsukua'te Ilouk!s. ta'xzas n'itke'ne - "a~k.Ia'~we k!s (skek.1axwe<k1!jne-). 1u'unte- tsa'hals nei pa'Ike1. tsukua'te- no'kue-s. tsukua-te Io11k!s. ta-'xas n'itxo 'mek e *'ka. ta'xas n'etkeialc'sjine a'm-a-ks. yunanaok!u'ne, ne1 5pa'Ikej. nIeko'x ne-. ta'xas qake'ine e-'ka: "eskuku-' eskuku' eskuku'." ta-'xas 1aqatsxa'n-e e'ka. ta-'xas n'cpine-. lats!na'xe- ne, pa'Ikii. qake'lne,: "tseika'tke1i hun'pe'Ine e'ka." ta'xcas. '31. THE Two TSA'KAP' Qaosaqa'ane- tsa'kaps asma 'hre aletske'I'e-s. qakla'pse-: "maats alqa'nam."` qalwi'yne- net: "ho'yas nei hulqa'nam." 10 ts!enaxe*. qania-'xe. qaawetsq!nu'se aakts!La-'e-ns ta'kVats. me't2.ane*, qaalak!ou'ne. tsukua'te- nope'kas a 'a'k!e -s. m~'tane.0 n'esk!o',ne-. n'ip~'ne.. n'etske'1ne- sakq!nu'kse- qa'halin q ay aaqa'wos Ioukwe'rre aa,'koqIa"nt!e-s. ts!ena'qne: qaoxa'xe' kMule etnana'se- to'hols. n'onoq!oyata 'pse-. 15 Qaosaqa-a'ne aktske'I'es. Io'une- tsa'kaps. qalwi'yie- nei pa'Ike1: "qa'psin ksei'P-o tsa'kaps?" ts!ena'xe- nei pa'Ikei nets aa'ko'q! nouks. tseika'te aakuqIawu't!e s. nakunken-e. n'upkaqu'Xane' to'hols. tse'k!qane. tsxa'nae tsa'kaps. qake 'ine-: "tSek!ke'ne-n'." ta'xas ts'k!qne-. tsc'!qane- aa'`kwums. n'uku20 noxa'mne* tsa'kaps. lats!enakekma'1ne' aketske'Ie-s tsa'kaps aa-ketlht'e-s. qak.Ia'pse-: "maats nei qa'nam." qalwi'yne': "lhults!~nam." ts!ena ',-e% swetsq!nu'se- ta'kMats. me'txane-. qalak! o'une-. tsukua'te- nupk aka'e-s. me'txane-. n' sk! 'ne. n' tske'Ine aa'k!e-s. qa-na 'xe. snitiauamc'sne. tenaxa'mne-. 25 snakna'kse- paIki~s. qak.Ia'pse-: "qa'psin." qakt'Ine:: "husIitske'Ine- kaak!." qak.Ia'pse-: hults!enaxa'Ia hulha'weskayuktsia'Ia." q akila'pse: "ho'ya. " qake'Ine.: " ýho'palk ne'nko. " n'csak-. mu'ire-. qake'Ine-: "ho'pak nc'nko." qakila'pse-: "ne'nko ho 'pak." ta'xas naweskaxo 'uktsek tsa'kaps. qaomitse' jse-. 30 la.unaixa'mne- tsa'kaps. qake'Ine- neis pa'Ikeis:. "Ia-ts nc'nko nawvcskaxo 'uktsek." n'omitse 'ise. n' e'pine nei pa'Ike1 lats!ena 'xeotsa'kaps. Ialaxa'xe aa'ketila'e-s. Qak.la'pse- aletske-'1e-s: "'maats at na slqa'nam." ts!ena-'ze-. nIu/p-yne nupc'k a-s. sletski'lse se'n-as. yunaqa'pse- aa'qlsma'kj35 nek! nupe'k as. qake'ine-: hultsu/kuat sc'na." n'ipil'sinoe, tsuku-a'te-. lats!ena'xe-. metyaxna'pse- tsa'kaps. qak.Ia'pse-: "epeske'nen', ka'min n' e'n-e. hensl' aynila'pin." qake 'ine-: "maats ka'min n'i're." Ialaxza'zxe aa,'ket.Ia'e-s. qake'Ine- altske'1'es: "ke'1ou's katitunala'e-s.?" qak-Ia'pse-: "Io'use-." qalwi'yne-: 40 "Ia'kakati'tu." kanmi'yct.s qake'Ine -aletske'I'e s: "slutske 'ine. 1'Chamberlain translates this word by "ghost." My informant did not know the word. 2Truhu this story the forms used by a man talking to his sister, and vice versa, are used. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 45 "Cook me." The woman said: "Bring wood." He gathered wood. Then she made I a pit (it was a pit for cooking). The woman pulled out grass. I She took stones. She took wood. Then the Giant lay down. I Then soil was taken. The woman threw it on top. 11 She set fire to it. Then the Giant said: "Iskuku', iskuku', J '5 iskuku'!" Then the Giant spoke no more. Then he was dead. The woman J started to go back. She said: "Look! I killed the Giant." Enough. | 31. THE TWO TSA'KAP There were two Tsa'kap, brother and sister. (The brother) was told: "Don't go there!" He thought: "I will go there." I He 10 started. He went along. There was a squirrel sitting on a tree. He shot at it. He did not hit it. He took his manitou arrow and shot I and hit it. He killed it. He watched. There was a lake. Just I in the middle he took off his clothing. He swam. I A little ways out in the water there was a charr. It swallowed him. II There was his sister. The Tsa'kap had disappeared. That woman 15 thought: I- "Why is there no Tsa'kap?" The woman started to I the lake. She looked at the fish-line. She pulled it up. I She pulled the charr out of the water. She cut it open. The Tsa'kap spoke (inside). He said: I "Split it." Then she split it. ' She split the belly. 11 The Tsa'kap arose. They two, the Tsa'kap brother and 20 sister, went back together I to their tent. She said to him: "Don't go there." He thought: "I will go." He went. There was a squirrel on a tree. He shot at it. I He did not hit it. He took his manitou arrow and shot. He hit it. I He looked for his arrow. He went along. There was a tent. He entered. IIA woman was 25 sitting there. She said to him: "What is it " He said to her: "I am I looking for my arrow." She said to him: "Let us go! We'll go swinging." I He said to her: "Well." She said to him: "You first." i He sat down. He said to her: "You first." She said to him: "You I first." Then the Tsa'kap swung. (The rope) did not break. II The Tsa'kap went down again. He said to that 30 woman: "Now you I swing!" (The rope) broke, and the woman was dead. I The Tsa'kap went on and arrived at his tent. | He was told by his sister: "Don't go that way." He started. I He saw a manitou looking for beaver. There were many 11 manitou 35 people. He said: "Let me take a beaver." He killed it. I He took it. He started back. The Tsa'kap was pursued. He was told: "Put it down, it belongs to me; you stole it from me." He said: "No; it is mine." He went home to his tent. He said to his sister: "Have we no father?" She said to him: "No." He thought: 11 "Oh, if I had a father!" On the following day he said 40 46 46 ~~B"UREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [rL.5 [BULL. 59 lenaqa'pse- katitu'miIJ-' qak-la'pse-: "naqa'pse tetu'e-s. n'eplapse'sine k.Iatwlas tctu'e-s qo-s sakq!yule-e't.se-." kainmi'ytt ts!ena'xe- tsa'kaps. 1azxa'xe. tszxa'we: "la'na, huts! uple'sne-."7 Iaxa'xe kira'wla. qake'Ine-: "kaa kinaqa'ke-?" qake/ine-: 5 "huts!upke'sine-." qake'ine-: "me'txanu'!" me/t.-yne- tsa'kaps aa'kets!Ia'e-ns. snaxu'se: qake'1ne-: "ts!4'uan." ts!ena'xoe k.Ia'wla aa'koq!yule 'et. s. Iaxa'xzex n' etwesqafanle k.Ia'wla. wel-e.e't. semetxa'1ne -kila'wla. n'ipie'Iue-. qaoxa'xe- tsa'kaps. n' ome-tsqane-. tsukua'te tctu'e-s a,,kiq!1am'e'se-s. ts!na-'xe lax~a'xe aaýkoq!10 yule'et.s. qake'ine-: "k.Ia'wla, Ia'n-a, huts!uple'sine-." ts!ena'xek.Ia'wla. 1axa'xex. qake'ine-: "qa'psin?" qake'ine- tsa'ka-ps: "huts!upke'sine.." qake '1ne. k.Ia 'wia: "me'txzan' aa~kets!Ia'e n.11" met'tý,ne-; snaxu'ne aakets!la'en. qake'ine kia'wla: "rnaatS huts!upke'sine- tsa'kaps." qake'ine-: "huts.!upe'sine-." qake'lne15 kila'wlas: "Ilu'n-u. " ts!~ena'xe kla-'wla aa'koq!yule'et. s. na'itwesqa'anex. mitxza'Ine'. n'ipikf.'Ine-. ts!ena'xe- tsa'kaps. tsi'k!qane. tsukua'te- aa'koq!lam' e'se s. lats!ena'xe- aa'ket.Ia'e s. qaosaqaa',ne-. kanmi'yet. s qake"lne aIetske'l'e s: "huluqunan-. yala'e-s." taxas t-s!na'xex. wat!a'xex. [Nos. 32-37. Lower Kutenaii. Told by Angi McLaughlin] 32. CHIPMUNK AND OWL 20 Qaosaqa'aneo wa'tak. tcte'e-s q!u-tsats. n'ila'riw q!u'tsa-ts, nuwa'sine. qakila'pse tete'e-s: "aa,'kehuxo'unuk ts!e'nan' le-"ne'." k.la'zam q!u'tsa-ts naqa'pse q!u'lwa. nalxo'11ne- na""heks. ta'xas tsukua'te-. n'uak!unidoqou-ýa~~nte-. ta'xas net!qa'pseaaq!una'awouk. qaosaqa'ane q!u'tsa-ts. nulpa'lne- ku'pis, t!a-. 25 lo'kse-: "la'w-a." ta'xas ts!ena'se- aaqa't!aks q!u'tsa-ts yaaqaosaqa'ake -.qiake'ine -ku'pi: " hutsxalts!enaxala.e'sine -ma"ne s."l qake'ine- q!u'tsa-ts: "wa'ha, pt'k!aks e'pine- ka 'ma." n' one'1ne- q!u'tsa-ts. qalwi'yne-: " ktsxal'e'plaps."' qake'ineq!u'tsa-ts: "rnanwitsi'yin'."' k!okuina~ane (?) ku'pi: "Its!up30 naqle'len'." laqanalts!ena-'xe q!u'tsa-ts. neis qaqna'ane- ku'pi. yu-k!kaka'te- ta'xa ne q!u'tsa-ts pal kilats!enam a,,'ket.la.e'se-s tete'es. ta'xas latenaxa"mne-. qakc'lne tctu'es: "tsxal'epla'pne-. ettatsu'to." qake'ine- wa'tak. qake 'ine-: 4qa'psin kul't'tkin?3" qanaltsnkua'te- nei wa'tak tete'e-s. n'oqounaq35 k'n-e wo'q!ka-'s. n''pjine q!u'tsa-ts. I Or ktWpli'lplaps. KUTENAI TALES 47 to his sister: "You told a lie. I I ought to have a father." She said to him: "You have a fatheri IYour father was killed by Grizzly Bear. There is a mountain over there." The following day I the Tsa'kap started. He arrived. He said: "Come, I'll kill you! " I The Grizzly Bear came. He said to the two (the Tsa'kap): "What did you say?" The Bear said: II "I'll kill you!" He said: 5 "Shoot at it!" The Tsa'kap shot at a tree. It fell down. (The Tsa'kap) said to (the Grizzly Bear): "Go!" The Grizzly Bear went I to the mountain. He got there. The Grizzly Bear stopped. From far away I he was shot and was killed. The Tsa'kap went there. He skinned it. I He took his father's hair. He started. He arrived at II the mountain. He said: "Come, Grizzly Bear, I'll 10 kill you!" Grizzly Bear started. I He got there. He said: "What is it?" The Tsa'kap said: I "I'll kill you!" The Grizzly Bear said: "Shoot that tree!" I He shot at it. The tree fell. The Grizzly Bear said: "I will not I kill you, Tsa'kap." (The Tsa'kap) said: "I will kill you." He said to 11 the Grizzly Bear: "Go on!" 15 The Grizzly Bear started for the mountain. I He stopped. He was shot and was killed. The Tsa'kap started. I He cut him open. He took his hair. He went back to his tent. I He staid there. The following day he said to his sister: I "Let us move camp." Then he started. He went across the mountains. ]1 [Nos. 32-37. Lower Kutenai. Told by Angi McLaughlin] 32. CHIPMUNK AND OWL1 There was Frog. His grandmother was Chipmunk. Chipmunk 20 was crying. I He was hungry. He was told by his grandmother: "Go to the river; go to the other side." [ When Chipmunk arrived, there were rose hips. He carried a bark basket. ( Then he took it. He filled it at once. Then it was full. There' were willows. Chipmunk heard Owl making a noise. 11 "Come here!" Then he started. 25 (Owl) went to where Chipmunk I was sitting. Owl said: "Let us go home to your mother." I Chipmunk said: "'No; my mother died long ago." I Chipmunk was afraid. He thought: "He will kill me." Chipmunk said: "Cover your eyes with your hand." Owl did so. He shut his eyes. 1] Then Chipmunk started, going along. Owl did 30 thus.2 I He could not get him. Then Chipmunk got home to the tent of I his grandmother. Then he entered. He said to his grandmother: "He will i kill me. Hide me!" Frog said: "What I shall I do?" Frog took her grandson and put him into II the soup. Chipmunk 35 died. 1 See p. 58. SOwl stretched out his hand to catch Chipmunk, and scratched him. 48 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 33. THE SUN Q ana',ýe- ske'n-kwts n' asmna'lne 'nla-k. qake 'ine- ske'n ku-ts: "hlmts!enaxa'Ia qo ilka'hak aa,'qlsma'knaek! sakeI'etke'wenata'nek!s." u~smeks skc'nvkirts qake'ine-: "hutsxa1''n-e nata'nek!." qake'ine e'i~a-k: "u's'niek ka'min." qake'1ne5 skc'wkw-ts: "wa'ha." ta'xas ts!ena'xe-. qa-na'xew qake'inet'nla-k: "hentsxalhulpalna'pne-. " qake'ine- ske'ivku-ts: "tqa'psin?" qake'jne te'nla-k: "nei hutsyaaqanaxala',,ke-." qake'ine- skc'rrku ts: "qa'psin?' -" ta'a nej hutsqaosa'qowala'ane- nei anloniki~e'et. tsaqa'ane t!ena'm-u; at qaha'xam 10 aa'qlsma'kflek! at qa'sxan-." ta'2as Iaxaxe-. qa's-ane' et'nla-kx "ta'xa ne'nko," qake'ine- t'nla-k. ta'x~as qayaqaha':re-e 'nlak. ta-'xas tsukuafte- ske'n-ku-ts n'*onaxu 'n-e nei t!ena'm-u. neis qanaqayaqa'ane- ske'ivku-ts. ta'~xas ts.!ena'xe skc'nvkuots ta'xas ts!na'kine Ilaxa'nxo'une ce'nla-k. 15 qake'ine* e'nla'k'. i"hulpa'Inu kaa huts!aaqa'k.Ieis." ta'xas qatsxa'n-e'. Iaxa'xe-. ta'xas tsel4miye'tine- qake'i1n-e skc'n-ku ts: "u's mek ka'min." qake'3ne- t'nla-k: "maats. ta'xas ts!.ena'xe-. we'lna-m qawunike'tine-. walkwaye'tine- lawa 'xe ske'niku ts. qake'1ne- aa'qlsma'knlk!: " saha'w-e- skt'w ku Its. " qa20 wunike't.se- qake'-ne- e'nla-k: "ta'xa ka'min. ta'xa hutsxaIe'snilts!ena'-7e*.'" qake'ine e-'nla-k. ta'xas yuwaak!mEnuqka'ne-. so/ukune- nata'nek! e'nla-k. saanlwi-'yne- skc'naku-ts. qalwi'ynekinme'txane e'nila-ks. naq!aku'pse- aa "k!e-s ske'n-kutsq!apilaq!aku'pse- aa'k!o-sts t!awu 'e s. pcskc'n-e. q!apil25 aq!aku'pse a~maks. ts!ena'xe- hanlukpqa'ane q!apll'aq!ako 'une-. qa. U'pr.allO qa'psins I' c'kin. qaosa-'xe aa'kimana'me-s. qanaI'itx.o-'mek. qahaq!aku'Dpse aa'kimana'mes. ta'xas qake'ine- ske'n'ku'ts: "cHusukuilq!o'kune- nei kuqa'e-p." ta'xas. 34. FOX AND S KUNIK 30 Qana'xe*xaxastai'ya. qaqa'anew na'k!iyu. nab.xo'une- yetskme'e-s. qalwi'yne- kts!isa'knu. pesxo'une- yctskme'e-s. qa-na'xe-. qake'ine-: "u'une- qa'psin kuo'nil xaxastai'ya."I qake'ine6: 4qaqal'uk!U&',ne kuo'nii nei kalukwaxni /yam." ta'xas n'isakinu'n-e. qanal'uknoTa "mne- na'k!iyu. qaoxalhalukwax35 ni-'le k. nosanoxunqa'ane xaxastai'ya. n' umctske'n e- yttskmee'se-s na'k!iyu. ts!ena'xe- na'k!iyu. Iawa'xe xaxastai'ya. n'U/ plane* neis k!ume'tseis yetskme'e-s. n'ila'ne. qaiwi' yne, ktsxal'e'pi1 na'k!iyU. ta'xas ts!ena'xe xaxpstai'ya. n'u'pqcaneaa'kecnmi'tuks. n'eku'Ine xaxasta'ya. yu''P:ZaflO na'k!iyu yaIwo, s 40 wu'os. ta'xas n' atsu 'kpne*. n'yuk1u'kune- n'it:ýo 'met nejssqalwaakilwitske'kine Un' U'P--3a1?' na 'k!iyus qo' s na 'atas qaosaqa'pseneis qal-uka.ýo-'mek. qalwi'yne- tsxalaxaq!u'lukp, metxna'pse* na'k!iyus, ta'xas. KUTENAI TALES 49 33. THE SUN' Coyote went along with Chicken Hawk. Coyote said: I "Let us go there far away, where the people are making I the sun." Coyote said first: "I'll be I the sun." (Chicken Hawk said:) "I first." I| Coyote said: "No." Then they started. They went along. Chicken 5 Hawk said: "You shall listen to me." Coyote said: I "What is it?" Chicken Hawk said: "It is where we are going." I Coyote said: " What is it?" (Chicken Hawk said:) "Then we'll stay I over there. There will be grease. When people pass, 11 they bite off a 10 piece." They arrived there. Chicken Hawk bit off a piece. I "Now you," said Chicken Hawk. Then Chicken Hawk passed. I Then Coyote took it. The grease fell down. I Coyote went rolling along. Then | Coyote started. He went quickly. Chicken Hawk overtook him. II Chicken Hawk said: "Listen to me, what I tell you." 2 Then 1 15 he did not speak. They arrived there. Then in the evening Coyote said: | "I first." Chicken Hawk said: "No." Then they started early. After a little while it was evening. Coyote arrived. I The people said: "Coyote is bad." I( After a little while Chicken 20 Hawk said: "Now I, now I myself shall I start." Thus spoke Chicken Hawk. Then the sun rose. I Chicken Hawk was a good sun. Coyote was angry. He thought I he would shoot Chicken Hawk. Coyote's arrow burned. I His arrow and his bow were all burned. He put it down. II The earth was all burned. He started running, and 25 everything was on fire. I He did not know what to do. He came to a trail I and lay down there. The tiail did not burn. I Then Coyote said: "I am glad that I am not dead." I Enough. II,34. Fox AND SKUNK Skunk was going along. There was Fox. He carried a l pot.4 30 He wanted to sit down. He put down his pot. He went along. I (Skunk) said: "There is nothing I am afraid of." He said: I "The only thing I am afraid of is whistling." Then I he sat down. Fox arose. There was the sound of whistling. 11 Skunk ran away. Fox 35 broke the pot. I Fox started. Skunk arrived. I He saw that his pot was broken. He cried. He thought he would kill Fox. Then Skunk started. He saw I a river. He was going to drink. He saw Fox inside II the *ater. Then he squirted his fluid at him. He be- 40 came tired. He lay down and I looked up. He saw Fox, being above. Then I he turned around. He thought he would squirt his fluid at him, but Fox shot him. I Enough. 1 See pp. 66,116. 2 See p. 110. 3 See pp. 23, 40. 4 That is, Fox was in the pot that Skunk was carrying. 85543~-Bull. 59-18----4 50 50 ~~BURýEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [UL ~ [BULL. 51.ý 35. COYOTE AND CARIBOU N'asma'lne- na'x~ne '. at ts!ena 'xe- na >xalle% sa-newi'yne- skc'n*kirts. qalwi-'yne- tsxal'u'pil neis na'x5neos. qake'jne- skt'n-kwts: "iqa'psin at skilwunike'tine?" qake'ine fla'Ixafle- "at husil'kinektsaqu 'na tsa'hal at huslaqalwa'selse'kjne-." n'ipe'lne- ske'n-ku ts 5 nets na'xane ' s. laska-'xe' skc'nrku ts- qaoxaltenaxa'mne- nets aa'kit.la.e'se*s. n'e'pine' na'xane-. n'ila'neee skc'n tu ts. qake'ine' "ma kutsla'keil ka'swu." ta'xas. 36. COYOTE AND OWL Ku 'pi sakila 'yne' lkamnt'nta'ke-s. qake'ine- ske 'n-ku ts: "hutscal'e'n-e lka'm-u." n'cla'n-e skc'n-kwts tsilmiyc't.se. qakikl~ne: 10 " hensa-nluxdite'tine-, to'xwa lent kaya2Sni'sine- ku'pi." qanalqunyaxa'lne- ske'w-kuots. qa-waixozitclne' aatk alaxwe'et.s. qanaltsukuata'pse. ku'pi's, ts!tnalkna'pse-. qake'ine-: "hun'e'nee skc'w-ku-ts." qakc'lne' ku'pi's: "hula'qwilna'la." naqwi'lne- skc'irku-ts aa'ake ku'pi. ske'wku-ts n'ipc'lne- neis ku'pis. kilaa'yne- lkamnnc'nta'ke-s. lats!ena 'xe-. 15 qake'ine-: "hun'ipe'lne- ku'pi." ta-'a. 37. COYOTE AND DEER Qa~na'xe*. Ii'U' P-afl- tsu'pqa's. qalwi'yne ktsxalmi'txa. nalomi'se-, si' onela 'pse- neis qake'nw. lats!ena'xe- qawcsqa'psen'esqawitsla"mse-. qake'ine- skc'nvkw-ts: "k!tscnyu'kua1tettu"neos?" qake-'ine- nej qa'psin: "qa 'psin? kinq!akpa'mek nei kint'plap?" 20o qake'ine- skt'w-ku-ts: "~huqualwi'yne- pal ke'1o- qa'psin." ta'xas. [Nog,. 38-44. Description of Dances, Games, and Hunting] 38. KissING DANCE Kt!amu'xo1I ka'qwel te'tqa~t!ts pa'lkei kaiqok!alma'xnam. llamaDrum dance men and women kiss. They tektse'lne- se-'ct!s. laa'k!laak naiqok!almaxa'lne-. namatektse'lare given blankets. Another one is kissed. They are ne yunaqaafle qa 'psin. given many things. 39. SUN DANCE, N 'tet.lana'mne- tsxalhanquxo '0ne tWs!sn cnquxonalka"neThey build a tent will be Sun dance. The Sun-dance leader 2,5 na'ksaq. is master. 1 Or aakiyukalrnqm, BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 51 35. COYOTE AND CARIBOU There were two-(Coyote and) Caribou. Caribou started. Coyote was angry. I He thought he would kill Caribou. Coyote said: "Why does it take you so long? " Caribou said: "I eat I small grass and I quickly get fat." Coyote killed 11 Caribou. Coyote 5 came along. He entered I (Caribou's) tent. Caribou wasdead. Coyote cried. He said: I "I loved my friend." Enough. | 36. COYOTE AND OWL1 Owl stole children. Coyote said: I "I'll be a child." Coyote cried in the evening. He was told: [I "You make a bad noise. Owl may al- 10 most take you away." I Coyote was taken. He was thrown out of the doorway. Owl took him along. I He carried him along. He said: " I am Coyote." Owl was told: I "Let us dance!" Coyote and Owl danced. Coyote killed Owl, who had stolen the children. They started back. [1 He said: " I killed Owl." Enough. I 15 37. COYOTE AND DEER He went along. He saw Deer. He thought he would kill him. ( The wind was blowing and frightened him. He did thus to it. He went on. He stood there holding (in the hand) I his head thus. Coyote said: "Is that your father's war bonnet? " The thing said: "What is it? Do you forget that you killed me?" 11 Coyote said: 20 "I thought it was nothing." Enough.2 I [Nos. 38-44. Description of Dances, Games, and Hunting] 38. KISSING DANCE The drum is beaten. Men and women dance and kiss one another. In return blankets are given. Another person is kissed and many things are given. 39. SUN DANCE They build a tent to have a Sun dance. The Sun-dance leader is master. 25 1 See pp. 20, 37. 2 This story was not known to my informants. It seems to mean that Coyote intended to kill Deer and m pursuing him was frightened by the wind. It seems that then he shot Deer, and Deer was standing there holding his own head in his hands. He did not recognise it, and asked the Deer; "Is that your father's war bonnet?" 52 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 40. MANITOU PERFORMANCE Kq!axna'mnam. n'esin wiszxa'ne' Na'qane-. q ake'kse n~pek!a'e-s They tie up some one. He is behind a screen "He Swims."1I He says his manitou latikmi'tiL. qake'kse - n~3pek!a'e-s tsxa1haqayeqa'mek. when he is He says his manitou he will roll himself. thrown back.0 41. MEDICINE PERFORMANCE T!amoxo 'Jne sewanaqananuq!namna 'mile- yunaqa'pse- qa'psins The drum is beaten they practice medicine performances many things ktso 'ukuaat xatknoukuefne-. who take save him. 42. GAMBLING 5 Kaluwa'ts!nam yunaqa'ane- k!eska~came'tiI qa'psin; kq!a'Iaxa'aIGambling many are lost things; horses, tsin, se-'et!1 aa'qatwu'mla, t!a'wu, aa'ktsa'mnal, ne'Iko; q!a'peblankets, shirts, bows, knives, money; all qa p5111 n'eskaxamete'Ine-. things are lost. 43. GAMES K!etke'nil kene'ho, Iaa'k!Iaak kawtsk!akana'nam, k!iktsikna 'mIt is done dancing In circle other one down squatting, blind man's hand in hand, nam. at sketkine'1ne- kk.Ienq!o'yam, at sletkine'Ine- qa'la Ika 'm.u buff. It is made a toy, it is made some child, 10 n'iktsi'kil e'n-e-n netsta'halna'na at swu'ute- aa,'kenu'1a-ms7 na.utif he is caught, if he is a boy, he is given as a snake; a a bow na'na at na'e'nse~ girl, however, she kiyukmu'1'e-s at ni'e'nseher digging-stick, however, it is faleknu'Ia-ms. a snake. 44. HUNTING ON THlE PLAINS Nei lawat!c'nak Those across the mountains ninalhuIl une'sinam when they went out on the prairie, at n'o,,nile'nehowever, were feared sa'nla. at q!untkaIhawasxuneya'mne- at sI'ounile'Inethe How- around they sing, but they were feared Piegans. ever, ktsxal' a'y kq!a1'axa'altsins. at n'ups~a'tiyi~qanike'tinethey would steal 4 horses. But they did this always sa'nla the Piegans ninalwhen ta'xas Then 15 huIdune'sinam Ia~upkalone'snam they were on the prairie when they went out on the prairie at qaaqaskine'Ine-. they stopped. nio-qanki'kiI' aknii'yam. they rounded up buffaloes. 1 Name of a man, known under the French name Louis. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 53 40. MANITOU PERFORMANCE Some one was tied up. Louis was sitting behind the blanket. His manitou spoke when he was thrown back. His manitou spoke when he would roll himself about. 41. MEDICINE PERFORMANCE The drum is beaten, and somebody does medicine work. They take many things. They save (the patient). 42. GAMBLING In gambling many things are lost-horses, blankets, shirts, bows, knives, money-everything is lost. 43. GAMES Children play, dancing hand in hand in a circle, swinging their hands. Other games are dancing about squatting, and playing blind-man's buff. Toys are made. Some child is caught: if it is a boy, a snake is given to him for a bow; if it is a girl, a snake is given to her for a digging-stick. 44. HUNTING ON THE PLAINS Across the mountains they went, out on the prairie, but they were afraid of the Piegans. They sang, traveling around there. They were afraid that the Piegans would steal their horses. They did that always when they went on the prairie. They came back when they finished rounding up the buffaloes. Then they stopped. II. TEXTS COLLECTED BY FRANZ BOAS (NOS. 45-77) [No. 45. Told by Pierre Andrew] 45. RABBIT, COYOTE, WOLF, AND GRIZZLY BEAR There was Coyote. All at once he saw Rabbit coming. He said to him: "Why are you runnihig?" Rabbit said: "I am running away." He went past and went on. Coyote was sitting there. He thought: "Oh, something must have happened, and I might almost have been in trouble myself!" Coyote started to run. He went along and went along. There was a little prairie. There was Wolf. Wolf was there, and saw Coyote coming. Coyote arrived, and said to Wolf: "Why are you running?"-"I am running away." Coyote went past. Wolf was sitting there. He thought: "Oh, some45. RABBIT, COYOTE, WOLF, AND GRIZZLY BEAR Qawesaqa'ane* ske'n-ku-ts. n'uk!unm'V'pxane* kianm He staid Coyote. All at once he saw ska'se". qake'lne* qa'psin knmsdts!e'na-k. qake'jne coming. He said to "Why are you running?" He said him: lu'mna husxa"mktse'k. qayaxa'xe- nei skana'xe-. "I am running away." He went past; that one went on. me'k ske'n'ku'ts. qalwi'yne- a- at ktsmma'lqa tu'xwa sitting Coyote. He thought: "Oh, something happened almost qapwetska'axa. sqa-iwuts!e'nqkupek'me-k ske'n'ku-ts. been in trouble in He also started to run Coyote. his place!"I qa-na'xe'. skeknu'qIe.itnana'n'e'. saosaqa'ane* ka'akf went along. There was a little prairie. There was Wolf lqlu'mnas Rabbit ~ kianuqRabbit: qaanka'He was kul'ismI might have qa'n a'xe' He went along, e*n. qaf. There 5 osaqa'ane' was qake'lne* and he said to him: ka'ake'nts n'u'pxane' Wolf he saw qa'psin kmselts!'na-k. " Why are you running? " - ska'ase' sk'/n-ku*ts'. wa'se'ts coming Coyote. He arrived huxxa"mktxi'k.1 qayaqa 'xe* - "I am running away." He went past 1 Coyote uses (palatalized x) instead of s. 55 56 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 thing must have happened, and 1 might almost have been in trouble myself!" Wolf started to run. He went along and went along. There was a little prairie. There was Grizzly Bear. He saw Wolf coming. When he was coming along and when he arrived, he said to him: "Now, why are you running?" He was told: "I am running away." Wolf went past. Grizzly Bear staid there, and thought: "Oh, something must have happened, and I might almost have been in trouble myself!" Grizzly Bear started to run. Grizzly Bear went along and went along. There was a prairie. There he saw the three friends. He went on, and arrived there. He saw Wolf sitting there, a little farther along Coyote, a little farther along Rabbit. Grizzly Bear said to Wolf: "Now, why did you run away? There is hardly anything to run away from." Wolf said: "I was staying there, and saw Coyote coming. When he arrived, I said to him, 'Now, why are you running?' He said to me, 'I am running sk'n-ku-ts. qa-nqa'me-k ka'ake'n. Coyote. He was sitting Wolf. qalwi'yne- at ktsmma'lqa He thought: " Something happened, tu'xwa almost ka'ake-n. Wolf. qa'anewas atulen'semqapwetska'aane-. nutsmqku] I might be in trouble myself in his place." He started qa-na'xe~ qa'na'xe'. skiknu'qle.itnana'se*. He went along, went along. There was a little prairie. k.la'wla. n'u'pxane' ska'se- ka'ake'ns qaGrizzly Bear. He saw coming Wolf. He pek/eme'k I to run saosaThere waka'se'. was coming. ak.la'pse" He was toldk.la'wlats Grizzly Bear, 5 ki'wasts qakc'lne- ta'xa When he he said to "Now, arrived him: husxa"mktse'k. qayaqa'xe"I am running away." He went past q a'psin knmsdts!/na-k. why are you running?" q ] ka'ake-n. Wolf. qaosaqa'ane* He staid qalwi'yne' at ktse'nmalncke't. tu'xwa atulent smqapwetsand he thought: "Something happened to him. Almost I might be in trouble myself in ka'aXane'. nutsmqkupek/'me-k k.la'wla. qa'na'xe- k.la'wla. his place." He started to run Grizzly Bear. He went along Grizzly Bear. qa-na'xe'. skeknuqle.c't.se". n'u'pxane- saqa'pse- alswu'timos. He went along. There was a prairie. He saw those there friends. 10 qa'oxa'xe'ts laxa'xe'. n'u'pxane" qo, naqna'kse- ka'ake-ns a'nl'He went on and arrived. He saw there sitting down Wolf; a little n'o'sts sk/n'ku-ts* a'nl'n-'o'sts kianuqlu'mna. k.la'wla qake'lne* farther Coyote; a little farther Rabbit. Grizzly Bear said to ka'ake'ns ta'xa qa'psin knmsxa'mktsa'keil ma'nqa'nekaxa "mkWolf: "Now, why did you run away? There is hardly anything to run away from." tse-k. qake'ine' ka'ake'n huqa'osaqa'aneHe said Wolf: "I was staying, ku'ts ska'xe-. ki"-wamts huqak/'Ine- ta'ixa coming. When he I said to him: 'Now, arrived, hun'u'pxane' sk'n'I saw Coyote qa'psin kmselts!'na-k. why are you running?' BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 57 away."' Coyote was told: "And why did you run away?" He said: "I was staying there, and Rabbit came. When he arrived, I said to him, 'Now, why?' He said, 'I am running away.' I thought, 'Oh, something must have happened, and I myself might almost have been in trouble!' Then I ran away." Then Rabbit was told: "Now, why did you run away? "-"I was eating branches, the wind was blowing, the snow fell from the trees, and a branch broke off the tree; it almost fell on me. Then it made me run away. That is what I meant when I said, 'I am running away.'" Then theylaughed and separated. Now it is ended. qak.la'pne" hup.xa"mktxe'k. qakil'lne* skt'n'ku-tsts n'nkoHe said to me: ' I am running away.'" He was told Coyote: "And you, qa'psin kmsla'qakalts!e'na-k. qake'ine- huqa'osaqa'ane- ska'xewhy were you running?"' He said: "I was staying there; he came kianuqlu'mnats ki-'wamts huquake'Ine- ta'xa qa'psints qake'ine" Rabbit, when he I said to him: 'Now, why?' and he said: arrived husxa"mktse'k. huqualwi'yne~ at ktsmma'lqa tu'xwa at hul'"'I am running away.' I thought: * Something almost I myself happened smqapwetsqa'a.Xa might be in trouble in his place,' ta'xa ma kuslaqakalts!'na-k. then, however, therefore I ran away." Qakile'lne' 5 He was told kianuqlu'mnats ne'nko ta'xa qa'psin knsl'aqakaxa"minktse'k. Rabbit: "Now you, now, why did you run away?' qake'ine'. huqua'akiP'ikula't!ne" n'uk!unlhalume'n-'e nupuma'kHe said: "I was eating branches, at once the wind was blowing, snow fell from ne-ts qake'ikal'yaqetsk!ala'akine', tu'xwa ma ksel'yuwitsxo'uthe trees a branch broke off a tree, almost it fell on me. and na-p. ta'xa huslhutsqankaqkupeke'me'k. ta'xa ma kue'lki't kusxa"i 'I am runn: Then towards it made me run. Then however I meant that when I said nktse-k. ta'xas numats'na'm-ne-ts lapaatsqa*tsa'm'ne". 10 ing away.'" Then they laughed and separated again. ta'xas qaqa-'sane*. Then it is ended. 58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.9 [BULL. 59 [Nos. 46 and 47. Told by Pierre Nurna and Pierre Andrew] 46. FROG AND CHIPMUNK Qa-nit-la'ane- wa'tak n'~nse- tete'e-s q!u'tSaats. q!u'tSa~atS at qqa'atse*, at n'4tske'Ine- qa-'psrns. qake'lne- tete'e-s wa'tak: "Cmaats nei at qa'na n'." ta'xas at Iaqqa'atse q!u'tsalats. qalwi'yneo: C"qa'pscns se'k.Ia~p, maats neis at kulqana-'me~I? " qalwi'y5 ne- q!ii'tsaats: " net hulqa'na-m neis ya-qanalqake'ike maats at kuilqana'meiL." ta'xas ts!ena'xe-. ta'xas n'u'pC-ane- ku'peis. ta'zxas ku'pej tsxa'n-e; qake'ine-: "kuts!e't!xa lka'm.u."Y se4alq! atxa'me'k tsa'qa's, q!u'lwa-s. ta'xas neists k!aqakc'1ej1 slaqawanxa'mne*. qake'jne' ku'pej: C"qakc/jne* ma"nis kul ats!10 enaxala"e*s.",-"pee'k!aks n'c'pine- ka'ma-." qake'ine-: "tso-"nis kul-ats!cnaxala"e-s." qake'ine.: " pe'~k!aks n'cpine- ka'tsu." qake'ine-: "ko-'ktinis kul-ats!enaxala"e s'S.- "pec 'k!aks n'e' pine' ka'koukt."y - " qak~l'sine- telte't!ne's kul'ats!enaixala"e-s.""(4pee'k!aks n'cpine' kat~'te't!. ' -" qak.let'sine- nana'ane 's ku15 l'ats!enaxala"e's." -"lpec'k!aks n'e'pine' kana'na." qake'ine' q hi'tsaats; qakc'lne - ku 'peis: " hen "'eseikate 'ine -; henwelkesqle'lne -. ma ne'yen' aat'kaqle'lne's, ta'xas hutslats!ena'xe'." mane'ine' ku'pej aa'kaqle'l'eis. ta'xas neists kma'ne' a5, kaqle'l'e's ku'pi, lahutsenqkupekt'mne'k q!u 'tsaats. (j aqkupq!ale ' ne' kum'pi. neksiate'lne' 20 q!u'tsaatS. tseika'te' a'ku'kp!e's ku'pej, nakumalu'kpine'ts "kate'te, s'nuta'pine ko'upi." qak.la'pse- tete'e's; " hoqua'alo-- qaltil'c'sine'." tsukuafte ttte'e 's wa'tak, ts!en'oqo 'xiake'n 'ena'hc'k!e-s. qa' atskek-leknate'tne' q! u 'tsaats3 qous u'qouks 25 na"he'ks. wa'tak qalwi'yne' ktsxalhawetsqofuxuats pa'l saha'nse'. ta'xas la-aqtuq!uiqaqke'n-e'. qaaku'kse' na'qpo,,ks hu'q!uka-'s qanal'oqonaqkc'n'e'. ta'xas tscnsanqa'mik wa'tak. ta'xas tkaxa"mne' ku'pi. qake'ine' ku'pi; qake'lne' wa'ta'ks;'Y "(kqa.u'p,-a, ka'nciu's?" wa'tak q ake'ine': "'kusa'kq anq!al30 sa"meil, hoqaxpup.arrn'lne'." qake'ine' ku'pi; "'naa sdlqa'wa'kale'kse'." qake'ine' wa'tak: "hoqa.upyame'lne' lka'm'u's." qake'ine. ku'pi:-. 'ck.le'tuks? hunuk!nu'q!lumame'lne'." qake'ine' wa'tak: "letu'kse'." ta'xas qake'ine' ku'pi: " k-l'tuks na'qpouks?" qake'ine' wa'tak: "kltu'kse'; es ne'nsc35 hu'q!u'ka-'s." qake'ine' ku'pi: "hutsekulme'lne'." qake'ine' wa'tak: "ts~calq!atskuzxaktsa'pane'." taxas n'e'ku'lne- ku'pi. n'u'p-ane' pal nas'wesu'qse' neis lkanru's. qake'ine- ku'pi: "Inas'wcsu 'qse'; pal slutske'ine' neis kqa'ke' kqa.u'p,-a." tsxa 'n'e' wa'tak, qakc'lne': "tsxalsoukue'n-e. ma'k!c'se's." ta'xas 40 jI'ct!zXaie' ku'pi neis lka'm'u's. ta'xas n'e'kine'. neists ku'l'eiks ta'xas la'akaxa"mne'. ta'xas n'ila'ne' wa'tak neis ke'ips tete'e's. BOAS] KUTENAT TALES 59 [Nos. 46 and 47. Told by Pierre Numa and Pierre Andrew] 46. FROG AND CHIPMUNK1 Frog was living in a tent, and her granddaughter was Chipmunk. Chipmunk I went around. She looked for everything. Frog said to her granddaughter: "Don't go that way." Then Chipmunk went about again. She thought: I "What did she mean me to do, that I should not walk there?" Chipmunk |I thought: "I will go that way 5 where she told me not to go." Then she went. She saw Owl. I Owl spoke, and said: "I shall bite the child." (Chipmunk) was picking partridge berries and rose hips. On account of what had been said she did not move. Owl spoke, and said: "Your mother says we shall go II home."- "My mother died long ago." He said: "Your 10 sister (says) I we shall go home." She said: "My sister died long ago." I He said: "Your mother's sister (says) we shall go home."-- "My mother's sister died long ago." He said to her: "Your father's sister says we shall go home."- I "My father's sister died long ago.""Your younger sister says we shall go home."-"My younger 15 sister died long ago."- Chipmunk spoke, I and said to Owl: "You look terrible; you have big eyes. I Cover your eyes with your hands, then I'll go along." Owl covered his eyes with his hands. I When Owl had covered his eyes with his hands, Chipmunk began I to run. Owl tried to lkill her, and scratched II Chipmunk. Owl looked at his 20 claws, and he licked off the blood that was on his claws. [ Then she got back to her grandmother. She said: | "Grandmother, Owl is pursuing me." She said to her granddaughter: "There is no place where I can hide you." | Frog took her granddaughter and put her I in a birch-bark basket. Chipmunk made a noise inside I1 that 25 basket. Frog thought she would hold her in her mouth, but it was very bad. I Then she took her out of her mouth. There was soup of rotten bones. She dipped her into it. Then Frog just sat down. I Owl came in. Owl spoke, and said to Frog:2 "Did you see the child?" Frog said: "I did not look around. |I I did not see her." Owl 30 said: "There are her tracks." I Frog said: "I did not see the child." Owl said: "Is there no water?" I am thirsty." I Frog said: "There is no water." Then Owl said: "Is there no soup?" Frog said: "There is no fliid. This is I rotten bone." Owl said: "I'll drink 35 of it." Frog said: I "Leave some fluid for me." Then Owl began to drink. I He saw the child was inside. Owl said: I "She is inside; you told me a lie; you said that you had not seen her." Frog spoke, and said to him: "You shall preserve her bones." Then Il Owl bit 40 the child. Then he ate her. After he had eaten, I he went out of the house. Then Frog began to cry because her granddaughter was I See p. 46. SFrog is Owl's sister. 60 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY IL.5 [BlrLL. 59 koPe '~ia wa'tak tsukua'te- ma-k!'se s. nejs yaqawutsiknake'sken'et!qa-oxake'w-e- ta'xas ts!enalke'n-ce wuu' e-s. qaozxalpestiqke'ive.. ta'xas lat.ts!ena'xe- wa'tak aat'ket.la'es. Iatinaia-"mne-ts 45 n'esaknu,"ne. qawun eke't. se la tenmoqkupnoxunqa'mek q!u'tsaats. neists ma ya "qaqa'pskewts o-k!una'mU's Ia.e'nsex. sukwelq!o ',kune-. metia'xane-, nakam'nwutske'n e-. qake'Ine-: "husukwel'qo ',kune kate'te kula 'upxanamna- "Ia. ta,'xas slqa-qa'sane.47. COYOTE AND BUFFALO Kqa-'nam skc'n ku ts. 'u 'p,-ane- sak.Ia'm se- ne'Ise-ks. qunya'xane'ts n'clqanmc'te-. ta'xas Ia-ts!ena'xe-. qa-na'xewts, ness qalqa'tse~ts Iaomaw-qa'atse- neis ma yaaqana'mke-. qa-na'xeslalaxa'xe- neis ma yaqa-k.Ia'mske-. qalao-'q!ukua qa'pse- neis 5 a',,k.Iaimns ne'Ise-ks. qalsaq.!a'Ie-lqana'xe-. ta'xas qake'Ine-: "lqa'psin pe'k!ak na huqa'xe-ts nanqa-kqa'ane-ts kenlao 'k!qwa 'qka." tsukua'te- no'ukwe-sts n'aqtsxo'une*. nei tsukua'teots paatseime'te*. ta'xas ts!ena'ze- qa-na'xe-ts skekts!Ianu'kse-. qaoxalit!name'te- se't!e-s. ii'etxo'umek'. neists haqa'ake-ts' 10 n'elaine-. qake'ine-, qalo'ukinoc: "Halma"t mu xa'altsen q!uta'ptse~k mcs qulo/,wo-m ha-fiaho'ya; we-s, wes, wes." Nulpalnete'tine- nalo*kme'se-. nukuninme'tek. tseikalite'tine ts lo',,se' qa'psins. "hay ko-qa'luwey kslo'kume-ts tsen ksl' aka'qa 15 o 'k!uquna kyuna'qa aa'q!utsa'ne-k k.bo',Ia." laebxo'ume-k. qawunike't.se Ia-ulpalnete't ine Ilahalukume'se-. Iao-knuqkupq!ala"mne-. n'u'p:ýane- pee'k!aks slwa'se- ne'Ise-ks pal selmetyaxna 'pse-. net!enmuqkupno xun-qa 'm ek. nutsenqkupeke'm-ek. qananuta'pse'. ta'xas q!awats!e'nme-k. ta'xas sluk.lu'k,,ne-. 20 tsxa'n-e ske'n-ku-ts, qake'ine-: " qa'Ia k!un-aqalo-qniya'xnu." qakile'lne-: "so'ukune-, paat!, qaqa'qna-n' qo'uka-n' na ka'min." n'oqosaq!maxo'ume-k. ta'xas wa'xe- ne'Ise-k. n'u'P:ýane, neis kelsaosa'qa-ps. nako',,ne nc'sesk neis aa'qul u'qpko-ps. tsek!k!o 'one. nutsenqkupeke'me-k ske'n-kurts. Ia-ts!ena'xe-. qawule'it.se25 Ia~psq!awats!e'nme-k; Iatsxa',ne-; qake'ine-: "ka- kenaq'asaqa'lqa nbpe'k!a; husltlq!o'knex." qakile'Ine-: "paat!, tsen qaqa'qana.1' qo'uka-n' na ka'min." tseika'te-ts n't'nse- no'ukwe~sus ta'xas kuna'xe ts n' oqosaq!maxo 'ume k. ta >xas wa'xe ne'Is ek. nako 'unets tsek!k!o'une- neis no'ukwe-'s. net!cnmuqkupno-xun-qa'me-k 30 ske'n ku tsts nutsenqkupeke'me-k. qa-na'xe ts qawule 't. seIa'pselq!awats!e'nmie-k. Iatsxa'n-e-: " pe'k!ak hula -pslelq!o'kne.-*" tsxaname'sine, qakile'Ine-: " IA'n-a na qawa'kan' na ka'min." n 'e' nse t!a'peswukna'na-s. n'oqo'usaq!maxo'ume-k. Iaxa 'xe ne'Ise k. naako '1ne-. qawuk!o 'une. ta'xas qatal'esk!o 'one- neis 35 0ý o,7. t 1 apsun'v"fvin-nnas llelq"a I I'abqan'k!ien I, 1 1' -1 -* Isek. -q-k/'-n BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 61 dead. I After Frog had cried, she took her bones. She laid them out | and put them together. She carried them to the water. Then she threw them into the water. Frog went back to her tent. She went in 11 and sat down. After a while, Chipmunk ran back into the tent I 45 the same way as she had been before. | She was glad. She jumped at her. She embraced her. She said to her: I "I am glad, grandmother, that we meet again." I That is the end. | 47. COYOTE AND BUFFALO1 Coyote went along. He found the head of a Buffalo Bull. He picked it up I and threw it away. Then he went on. He went along and I went about and came back the same way, there where he had gone before. He went along I and came back to the place where the head was, at the same place where the 11 head of the Bull was. It 5 happened three times when he went along. Then he said to it: | "Why, I went here before, this way where you are lying, and you lie in the same place again." He took a stone and smashed it. He took it and I scattered the pieces about. Then he started. He went and found a flat stone. I He threw his blanket over it. Then he lay down. While he was lying down, 1I he cried. He said while crying: 10 "Their mother Dog, 2 Q!utaptsek and Mis'qulo'uwom | ha ha ho^ya; weswis wis!" | He heard noise of running. He arose. He looked around, I and there was nothing. "Oh, I thought I heard running; but it is nothing, |I because there are many passers-by who did it." He 15 lay down again. | After a little while he heard noise of running again. He raised [ his head quickly. He saw a Bull approaching, I that ran after him. He jumped up quickly. I He started to run. He was pursued. He was out of breath and was tired. 11 Then Coyote 20 spoke, and said: "Somebody shall help me." I He was told: "It is good, nephew, come to me." I He disappeared inside. Then the Bull arrived. He knew that (Coyote) I was in there. The Bull butted it. It was a stump. He split it in two. I Coyote ran away quickly. He started again. When he had gone a little ways, II he was out of breath 25 again, and he spoke again, saying: "How far are you, I manitou? I am in danger." He was told: "Nephew, come to me, | come in." He saw it was a stone, and then he disappeared in it. The Bull arrived. He butted it and I broke the stone in two. Coyote jumped u'p quickly |1 and jumped away. He went along, and after a short distance I he 30 was out of breath again. Again he spoke: " I am already in danger." I Somebody spoke to him, and he was told: "Come, come to me." That was a small bush. He disappeared inside. The Bull arrived and butted it. He missed it. He could not hit |I the little bush with 35 his horns. The Bull could just not get it. Coyote said: J "Stop, stop 1 For another version see p. 12. 2Dog is Coyote's wife; Q!uta'ptsek and Mis'quto'uwom are his children. 62 62 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 sk,,'wkurts: "ta'xas, tax'as qa-qaske'llw, hentstlqatal' upla'pne. 'qrke'ineo ne'lse k: "so'Ukune; ta'xas hutsqa-qaskne'sjne-." qakile'lno- skc'rr-ku ts: "ta,'x~alAIAlla." ta'~ias qallal'aqa't ouxa'ixe* skin-ku ts. qake'ine- ske'n-ku ts: "hutsxalkulnak!o'une ts 40 huts!cinoquknala'alle-." qake'i~ne nc'lse-k: "so'ukune; huts!*,, knoquknala'a11e-. qa'psin koutsel'ikrioqokna'la?" qake' ineske<ivku ts: "lkq!a wo,'uqai- hutsl'ekuoquknala',anex." qake'1nenc'se-k: "at huquadilnuqufkune- kq!awo,'ukal." qake'inee ske'wku-ts:-." ta'xa qa'pslin at kenseleknoqo-ko? "-" a8,"kmoq!o'45 mnal at husl'eknuqu'kune-." qake'11e- ske'w-ku-ts: "so'uk11ne-, ta'xa hutsl'eknuqukunala' ane. naqa'arie- ka'min. " t a'xas kulnakMo'1nee. ta'xas ll'eknuqu'kune-. qake'ine- ske'n-ku-ts: "cna~sts at tsqaqa' ane,) taxta' neis ktsyuna'qa aqlsrna'kinek! s~afnl~wiyla'ata~m at ts!eknuqu'kune- at ktsla'souks aa'kelwi'ye-s." qake'ine50 w'lse k: "so 'ukune* hutsxaltsxan-ate'sine- ya qaqa'ake- ka'min. na- aa kma'ana-m o'k!le-etna'm-u at koilaqaha'k.lam-a'la-k huwakaltilc'lne. n'a's-ne- katelna'rnu. hulahaya'xa katelna'mu at na-sts hulaqaskam-alne ts at qa wa ka- a'lwa'xe- aqlsma'knek!ts at hun'upl'l~ne-." qake,'ine- skc'ivku-ts: "ta'xas hents!e'ne55 ka'swu. huts! lats!enyaxnala'an-e telnamu 'ne s." tseika'te- aakoqie. t'se-s swu'e-s ske'ivku tsts n'ume tscnq!ak.le'jse-. tsukuafteaa-a'arlktsama'l'e-s laeta ae ta'zas Ia. tsenq!aqa,'pse-.qake'lne-: " ta'xas hults!enaxa'ala." ta'ixas qa:nake'kine- swu'irnu. ta'xas ni'1,'p~calle- a%,kek.luna'me-s. qake'lne ske'n ku ts swu'es.: "ta'xas 60 na hutsqaosaqa'ane. Ilu'n-u- lats!enya'xan' tclnamu"ne-s." ta'xas lats!lenya'xane- tenamu "es ne 'Ise k. tax>as latsukua 'to-. ta-'xas wanaqna'Ine-. laqa-oxa'xe ne'lse-k leis ya-qaosaqa'ake, ske'n-ku-ts. ta'xas llawu'kune- skc'n ku ts. n'u 'pqcaiie sl-awa'se-s swu'e-s ta'xas metya'xane- sk'n-ku-ts neis aqlsma'knek!s. 65 n'up--a'Ine- pal n'a'sinecv ni'lse-k skc'rv-ku-ts. n'o11ne'l~nets ta'zxas qa-qaskne'lne-. ta'xas ts!enake'kine- swu'tirnu. ta'xas xaatsa'Jve, kP-'as tc'tqat!s ki-'as paa'lkei. qao~.xal'etqa'ane.- tsza'-enc'lse-k; qakc'lne- ske'nku-ts-: "na kP--i'as katelna'iiu tseikac'teni', ka- henqa'lwiy hentstsuku a'te* tsxal'c'n e' td/namu,"ne s." 70 ta'xzas sk'n-ku-ts tseika-'tex. qalwi'yne-: "ua ki'tn ktsaqu'n-a naqants!ma-'k!eis ma'k!ei. na kiP'cn kwc'lqa naqa',,Isouk. ta'xas na hulseltso'ukat, nUaaqa'alsouk." qake'lne ne'lseks: "na hutsdltsllkua'te-." qakila"mne-: "ta'xas hutsyanqa-tsala'ane-." tsxa-- rTnalktsala'mneY ke 'isouk kiyu 'kiyeit. ta'xas yan-qa'atse'. qa na75 ke'kine tclnamo 'utimu skeirku ts. n'u,'p~ane- suq!yule. e't.seqake'lne telnamu"e s: "qou nak!amnaqale. t'tke- qo hentskana'xex. ka'mina hutsxal'uk!ena'xe-." ta'xas ts Iena'xe- no1 lu'kpo. ta'xas ts!nal'o k!uina'xe- ske'wku ts. ts!ena'kine ts wa'sel-azca 'ze neis tsxzalyaqana'ske telnamu,"e-s. ta'xas Iaxa'xe-ts n'esaknu'80 w-e q awuneket.se-ts laxa'zxe ne1i u'kpo'. qalwi'yiie ske'nwkuts: BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 63 doing this to me! You can not kill me." I The Bull said: "Well, I'll let you go." I Coyote was told: "Now, come!" Then Coyote went near him. Coyote said: "I'll fill my pipe. I| We will smoke." The Bull said: 40 "It is well. Let us I smoke. What shall we smoke?" Coyote said: I "Let us smoke block tobacco." The Bull said: I "I don't smoke block tobacco." Coyote said: 1 "What do you smoke?"-"I smoke leaf tobacco." II Coyote said: "It is well. I Let us smoke it. I have 45 some." Then he I filled his pipe. Then they smoked. Coyote said: "It will be this way I in later times, when there will be many people. When they are angry at one another, I they will smoke to make their hearts (feel) good." The Bull said: II "It is well. I'll tell you what happened to me. | 50 On this road, at the same place where my head lay, I my wife was taken away from me. I had two wives. When I went for my wives, | I came with them to this place. Then people came here, and I was killed." Coyote said: "Now you will be 1I my friend. 55 We shall get back your wives." Coyote looked I at the horns of his friend. The points were broken off. He took I his knife and sharpened them. Their points were sharpened again. He said to him: I"Now let us go." Then the two friends went along. I They saw tents, and Coyote said to his friend: |I "I'll stay 60 here. Go on, go and get your wives back." I Then the Bull went to get back his wives. He took them back. I They made war on him. The Bull went back to where Coyote was staying. I Then Coyote arose. He saw his friend coming. I Then Coyote attacked the people. II They saw there were two-the Bull and Coyote. They 65 were afraid of them, and I they left them. Then the friends went along. They were four-- two men and two women. They stopped there. The Bull spoke, and said to Coyote: "Look at these my two wives! I Which one do you want to take? She shall be your wife." II Coyote looked at her. He thought: "This younger one I 70 must have strong bones. The big one must be good. I I think I will take her. She must be good." He said to the Bull: "I I take this one." They said to each other: "We will part now." I They shook hands and said good-by. Then they parted. 11 Coyote and his wife went off. He saw a mountain in front. I 75 He said to his wife: "That place looks like a valley. Go there. I I shall go roundabout." The Buffalo Cow went on. Coyote went another way. He went quickly. He came back quickly I to the place where his wife was going. He arrived and sat down. 1I After a 80 short time the Cow arrived. Coyote thought: I "I will shoot her, 64 64 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 "ta'xas hul'e'lwa; ta'x~as kutszxa'l'o-k, kuhiv'was." noists k.la'xam naei lu'kpo nasqasa'se-ts kme'txa- ske'n-ku-ts. ta'xas n'clwa'n e- neis yaaqakqa'pske- qawule Y't.se- skckts!lanu'ksoe ta-'xas qaox~al'esaknu 'w-e' ncs aat'klkts!la'ailouks. qa nqa'me-kts 85 ni'da'-e-. slila'x,,,ine-telnlamu"'e-s nois Li!c'lwa. qawuneke'L~se-. n'uk!unlhutska 'se- ka,'akens. yunaqa tpse-. n' uk!unl 'C'kine- nets k!elwana'm e-s. qalwi'yne- kts!o'11wuk ske'wku-ts; t aptse-kpu'k!une-. n' upslatwctsno texa' miie ts qla'tal-aluyu'se-aa,'Lickpu'Liue-s. ta'xas n'e-'kine- nei ka'akein neis iya'mu's. q!a'p-ý-ane-. 90 ta'xas lalo'usex. tsin saqno'11ne- ske'n-ku-ts nawo*'Line sl-aloxu f'se* aa'kckpu'k!ue s. qake'lne- skc'xrku.ts: "t!aptse kpu'k!uso, t!aptse-kpu'k!uso-!" qaoxa'xe-, tsen ma-'k!s n'cnqapta'kse'. -qalwi'yne-: "ta'xas hul'yaq!axa'me 'L." ta'xas i'ct!qaoxakc'n-e neis maak!s. ta'xas sel'yaq!a'ane-. qakele'lne-: "paat!, 95 at ma kuqa-'qanla'ltse-s maak!." qake'ine.: "mc'ka ma kqane'Lie'." tseika'te-ts n'c'n se' na'lme-t!s. qak.la'pse-: " huts!cscnlyaq!a'ane'." qak.la'pse-: "hentsxalhawetsqatkina'pine-." Ta'xas nawctsqatkc'n'e'. qakla'pse*': "maats tsmak!wetske'n-e-; henlna'lmet!qatke 'na 'p." ta'ixas qakna 'ane-. qatsma'k!wetsie 'n-e'. 100 tsuku a'te- na~lmet! aa'kuktse'keins; qan-ak'n-e- neis aa'knu 'Ima 'Ls, neis Li!almanu 'Ima 'Ls. qakike'lne' ske'n 'km ts: "lye "senwuqo,,kp C'tske'." at qasakinle'sine' aa,'L!alma'e-s; aa'ke' at qake' ine- skc n 'km ts: "huye 'senwu 'qoukpe'tske'." no 'tsenqkupe'kt'me'k na'lmet!. nalke'n'e- aa,'knu-'lma-ks. ta'xas metya 'Xane105 ske'n'kirts, qaknu'te'. n'upsla'tjyil'ckjne' na'lmet!, slab '11se'. naeis qalamaninme'te' neis aa'Lio 'Ltse 'Liens. qakilt 'e' ske'n 'ku 'ts: "(Cen henlen'o'ute'." ta'x~as ts!ena'zxe' na'lmct!. tsukua'te. skc'n'ku ts neis aa'ko Litse'keins. n'clta'xýanc, pal kts!a'qa 'ps. qa -kqa'nwesqa 'ane- ske'n'ku 'ts, tsin'enqapta'ks-e' aa'q!a'n'a-ks. qal110 wi'yne.: "hul'et!qaoxa'ke-nts Liuts!aqtsa'4xo'." ta'xas n'esaknu'n 'e' kts!aqtsa'kxo' ske'n'Liu-ts. qakile'lne.: "cpa't!, at ma Luqaqanlla'ltse-s maak!." tseika'te' ni'a's 'e- pl-aleies, n'e'n'se' e1 'qo 'Ists wa'ku 'ks. qak.la'pse': "ta'xas huts!aqts a'4ko 'nala'ane'. -nc'nko' ts!c'na'nts, qo' hentstsukua'te- qa'psi'n, licuts115 xalhalu "qkinibxneimu'w-e'. henwu'p.-a na 'qa'skui hanq!o 'ko-. ta'xas hentsla~ts!ka'xe'." ta'xias ts!ena-'xe' ske'n'ku'ts. n'a'ka,'nLi!o'une-; ii'aqtsxo 'one' n'etmase'Ate. qaosaqa'ane' skc'n'ku 'ts, n'u'p,-aile-, tax'as welcnq!oko-"pse'. ta'xas lats'ena'xe'. ta'xas k.la'la'xa'm. lo'use- qa'psen. tseika'te' na's aa,'kits!la'e'ns 120 swctsq!nu'se- wa'ko'ks, n'ao-'k~we's neis luha-'wetsq!nu'seni'ao "k!we's nab.xo'use' t!na'mu's n'ao-'k!we-'s nalx~o 'uIse. hoq!kae'se'. ta'xas lo'use' ke'ek neis k!e'lwa neis iya'mu's. ta'x~a. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 65 Then I will eat her. I am hungry." The | Cow arrived. As she walked along, Coyote shot her. I He killed her. There she lay. A little ways off there was a flat stone. I He sat down on the flat stone. He sat there and 11 began to cry. He cried for his wife whom he had 85 killed. After a little while I many wolves arrived. They ate at once what he had killed. Coyote thought he would stand up, but he stuck (to the stone). I He tried to get up, but he couldn't get off. I Then the wolves ate the Cow. They ate it all. 1[ Nothing was left. Coyote 90 just got up. He arose. His backside came off from the stone. | Coyote said: "Let me stick on, I let me stick on!" He went there, and there were only bones. I He thought: "Well, I will break the bones." He piled I the bones together, and he was about to break them. He was told: "Nephew, 11 I do not allow you 95 to break bones." He said: "That is so." I He looked, and there was Badger. He was told: "I'll break the bones." I He was told: "You shall hold my tail." I Then he held (Badger's) tail. He was told: "Don't hold on too tightly, I you will badger my tail." HIe did so. He did not hold the tail tightly. 1[ Badger Woman took the bladder 100 and put I the marrow into it. It was a big, round piece of marrow. Coyote was told: | "I shall eat that much," and (Badger) passed her hands close to her mouth. I Coyote also said: "I'll eat that much." Then Badger ran away quickly, carrying the marrow. Coyote pursued her. 1[ He ran after her. Badger was eating all the time. 105 When she had finished, I she threw back the bladder. Coyote was told: | "I suppose you want that." Badger went off. Coyote tookI his bladder. He licked it. It was greasy. I Coyote was standing there. There were only the remains of broken bones. |I He thought: "I will pile them together. I will pound them 110 to pieces." He I sat down. Coyote began to pound. He was told: "Nephew, I won't I allow you to break bones." He saw two women. They were ' two birds.1 He was told: "We will pound it. I Meanwhile go and get something that you may 11 use for a spoon. When 115 you see that there is a fire, I come back." Coyote started. He took a root out of the ground, pounded it, and dried it. Coyote staid there. I Then he saw a large fire. He went back, and I when he go6 back, nothing was left. He looked up the tree, II and there was one 120 of the birds. The other one was on another tree. I One carried the grease; the other one, I the chopped bone. He had nothing to eat of the game he had killed. Enough. I 1 Species unknown. 85543~-Bull. 59-18- 5 66 66 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 [Nos. 48-50. Told by Mission Joe and Felix Andrew] 48. THE ANIMALS AND THE SUN Qa-kiu'11nam n'clwat!tka'afle- naSolukue-n. qake'ine-: "qa'Ia's tsxa'I'ens nita'nck!s?" ta'xas nakq!ye'tine-. k!o'k!we- qake-- k'"Ine: "he'ntsxaIUTne-." ta'xas tsxanatamna'mue- neis k!o'k!we- ktsxa'1'in. nata'n-ek!s. ta':ras q! a'pe- nulpalnetetna'mne5 nei ktsaqane'ke-t. ta'xas ts!ena'xe- nei k!eIwa't!tei1 ktqca'I'n nata'ntk!s. qal'ate'lne. qo'kui-n. ta'xas ts!en-a'xe. ta'xas ktsdlmi 'yet. kkanmP-'yet nakilwetski1e'Ine- ktsi'wakmEnu'qka-. t a'xas yuwa kmnuqka'w-e aas'kaa.eetn n-nei k!ekte'kmnu'qka; n'u'psla'tiyiKlhamqoq!u'kul'a'akat.Ie-et~ine'i10 ne- nei keyo'kweit; n'upsla'tjyl~qaqa'ane-ts kwalkwa'yet. lawa'xe- nei nata'wtek!. qakya'mne-: "silsaha'nre' na-sts k!aqa'qa k!upsla'tiyilhamqoq!u'kut1akat.Ie-te'tine-." qakya'mne-ts qa.t'n* e. tse~kate'Ine, nyo-k!we'ine- n'elwat!te'Ine-. n'e'ne cr'nla-k. ktselmi'yet.s, ta'xas ts!ena'xe te'nla-k. kkanmP6'yet yuwa-kmE15 nuqka'n e-. ta'xas k!ektekMEnu'qka-, namak!tsa'akat.Ie tetjne'jneo na *a'm-ak. n'upsla'tiyilqaqa'ane-ts kwalkwa'ye-t. ta'xas ktselmi-'yet.sts Iawa'xe- nei nata'nAe!. qakya'nane- tsxalqa~en eselsa'hanle.e'tine. ket!qaox.a'xa-mts kilaha'kq!ye-t. qake'ineskc'w-kurts: "'hutsxaI'e'n-e-." qakya'mne-: "so'uk,,ne." ts:ýalts!e20 n-a'xe- skt'wkw-ts. ta'xas ts!enra'xe- ske'wktits. ktselmP-'yetts q hi'mne-na 'mne-. kkanmi 'yetts yuwa-kmEnuqka 'we ts kanu 'qta'xas kiu'kiye't, aqlsma'kinek! n'4ke'n'e' ke-'ek. tsxa'nwe' nd'ji nata'n Ak!; qake'1ne-: "tsxalhaqa'ane' ka 'kwe'sen'." nulpalne'Ine' 25 nets k!aqa'ke- kts~alha'qaps kwese'n'e-s. me'ka n'oniloxa~a 'mna'm ne'le'ts at n'utme-Iee'tine'. ta'xas at n'dla'n'e- Ika 'm u neis ko'uknaps nata'n'ek!s. at naqktsiya'mn6-. qalwi'ynam ktsxa 'Isoukts pa-I qaq a'nal' ut 1me' jkune'. ta'xas qaqala'tilqaqa'ane' ya q ala'tii' onanuqka'ke'. Iuquala'til' u'tjme1ee'tjne' nej 30 kwalkwa'yet. ktsilmi'ye't qa'nmelu'nena'mne'. tu'cua n'oukwiI'5*pkwu'mne.. Iaw'*' kcn'uts. qakilt'Ine-: "hcntsqa.e'-e-. htnsaha'-e-. ts!ma'k!e 'IseI'i'timele.4'tine- nt'nkn." qa'net.la',ne' k!u'k!we pa'Ikei; n' asqa'lte-. qak.Ia'pse-: "huts-alt,-!naxala'ane- qo, ya'k-4,-'etiya'mke' nata'n'ck!." ta'xas ts!t35 n akt'kine'. k.Ia'xamts qaki'lcne-: "qa'psein kcnse'j1qa'ts?" qake'ine-: "hu'nulpalne-"tetinala 'ne' nej ksakel' e'tyam nata'n'ek!." kwe'k1a, ta'xrs ts!ena'xe'. ta'xas q!u mile 'flamne-. kkanmi'ye't ta'xas yuwa-kmEnuqka'n 'e'. nala 'te "qo't!ama1'ee'tjne' w.c'I40 na 'i. ta'xas k!ektikmEnu'qka' n' upsla'tiyilso'kuiI '0 'onatetine'ine'. ta'xas 'kiu 'kiyit n' utimet.Iee'tine. n' ttkini'yam ne 'le 'ts at so,,kueI o '>Xona'tetne'ine'. yaaka'qiktseik at qa.'n 'medone'1ne' at BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 67 [Nos. 48-50. Told by Mission Joe and Felix Andrew] 48. THE ANIMALS AND THE SUN There was a town. A chief gave his commands. He said: "Who | will be the Sun?" Then they began to talk about it. One of them was I told: "You shall be the Sun." After this one had been told I that he was to be the Sun, all heard about what 1I was to be done. 5 Those, who were told to be the Sun went. I The name (of this one) was Raven. Then he started. I It became dark. On the following morning they watched for him to come up. I He came up. It was not bright enoughwhen I he came up. The day was always blackish,11 It was always like evening. The Sun came back. I They said: "This 10 way is bad. It is always I blackish." They said that he could not be it. I Another one was looked for. Chicken Hawk was sent. I It grew dark. Then Chicken Hawk started. On the following morning he went I[ up. When he went up higher, the world looked yellow. 1 15 It was always like that. He went down. I In the evening the Sun came back. They said: "You can not be it. I It looks like bad weather." They assembled and talked it over again. Coyote said: I "I will be it." They said: "Well." Coyote was about II to start. 20 Coyote started. At night I they slept. On the following morning Coyote went up. I When he went up, it began to be hot. It was fairly warm, and I then it was noon and the people cooked food. The Sun spoke, and I said: "Will there be any left for me?" It was heard 1I what. he said, and they left food for him. Even when they 25 went into I the shade, it was warm. The children began to cry, I for the Sun burned them. They went to the water, and they thought [ it would be good, but the water was hot. It was the same I when the Sun went down. It became warmer and warmer until II sunset. 30 When it was dark, they felt well. They had almost I been burned to death. Coyote came back. He was told: "You can not be it; I you are bad. You were too hot." I There was one woman with two children. They said: "We will I go there where they are playing Sun." II The.two went. They ar- 35 rived there, and they were told: "Why do you come 3" I They said: "We heard that they play Sun." I They were told': "It is good. You shall go." Then he, I the elder one, started. They slept. The next morning I he went up. In the morning it was coolish. II He went high 40 up, and they always felt comfortable. I At noon it became warm, and when they were in the shade I it felt comfortable. They went swimming, and they felt well. I They felt cool. Then he came down. Then 1 The narrator said that many others were tried, but he did not remember their names, See pp. 48,116. 68 68 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 n' ttqo t!ama'Iue-. ta'xas k!unanu 'qka'. ta'xas so'kue1l oxo'natetne'ine- o 'k!uquna kseIwalkwa'ye' t. ta'xas ktselmi'ye 't, ta'xas 45 lawa'xe- nei netsta'hal. q!a'pe- qalwiyna'mnae- neists ktsca'1'en nata'n-eik!. qakik'Ine' nei nctsta'hal: "hentsxa1' c'n 'e' nata'n-eik!." ktselmi'yet-sts ta'xas lats!en'a'xe' o-k!uquna ksla'mate'ktseil ktsxa'1'en nata'neik!s. nei nao k!aIe' netsta'hal nei ktsa-qu'n'a saosaqa'ane'. qakile'lne&: "ne'nko hentsxalts!ena'xe' na 50 ktselmi'yit. h~ntsxaI'cn'e' ktselmetelnu'qka." ta'xas ts!en'a 'xc',,. qawuneke'tineo ktselmi'yeit yuwakmEnuqka'we'- ktsetmetelnu'qka' n'upsla'tiyilhu'k!ukye'tine' ye'scnwunmeye'tke' tsctme'yetna'm'u. kkanmi'.yet tawa'xe'. qakite'tne': "ta'tine's ts~ral''e'i-e yo'kwiyetna'm'us nata'n-eik!s. ne'nko hentsgxal'e'n'e',55 ktsetme'titnu'qka'." na ki'a's nata'n'eik! n'asts n't-'n'e'; n'e'n'e na ki'as netsta'hal ta'xas q'a'pe' qatwiyna'mno' kse'i1 -soukuts soukuetq!okna'mne'. ta'xas stoknc'tne'. Sa 'hanetwi'yne' ske 'n ku 'ts. qatwi 'yne': "hut' o'pi I nei nata'n'eik!." ta'xas n'et'wukune'teik; ta'xas a'~ke' n'aimaka'.,ne'. 60 ta'xias ts!en 'a ye' tselmc 'yetna 'mu's qo's tsiplya 'qa'katyuwa'kmEnau'qka' 'ske 'ts qaoxa 'xe'. qaosaqa 'aflC' kkanme'yit. ta'xas sukxo'ume-k neis qat' o'ndlqakqa'ane'. ta'xas na'wetsnulk!o'une*. ta'xas yu'wa' kmEnuqka'n-e-. ta'xas suknulk!o'une'. ta ':ras tsxalmc 'txne- qanalhaq!aku'pse a 'a'k!e's.' ts' tq!an65 ku'pse'. n'ctqanmt'te'. ta'xas naq!a'tckwae'tine'. no'sanoan~-- qa'ane'. qa-'metenq!o-kupxu'se' nas yana'ha'ks neis ts-Talya'aqana'mke' ta'xcas pal- kantu'kpqa' ta'xas nolu'q,,ne. ta'xas tsxaI' houko'une': 11'u 'pýne' stqa'nama'name'sjne'. qa'oxat' a''qap ' >xat'Axto'ume' k. wa"me'tenq!o "kupcu 'se' ts e nat uq~catha'70 q!a'hekwat't.se'. o-'k!uquna ke'ito's tsa'ha'ts~ aa'kmana -mists scixa'tknu'kune'. na a 'kik.lu'una'm n'upý:a'tnae' nei haq!alo'kwa'et.1 qakya'mne' qa'psein: "ksl' a'qate'e 't?" qakya'mne': "lo',,ne' skc'n'ku'ts, lentsxaI'uta'n'e'." qake'ine' skc'n'ku'ts: "no'-s tsxalya'qa'nathaqa',ke' aqtsma'kneik! na'sts at sqaqana ane' 75 neis tsxatho ',ko' at tsxaP etxou'me 'k qa "s na'qana 'man'a'me 'sts at tsxaIxatknu'kune'."7 ta'xa naa, aa'kek.lu'nam qakya'mne': "Imaats at qa'qanapme'lkedl neis ya'qaqana'ake' skc'n'ku'ts; na's tsxalya'qa'nathaqa'ako' aqlsma'kneik! Maats at k.lenq!o.e'mu nata'n'eik!s." qakya'mne': "ta'xas henslu'p::ane' at 80 hentsya~qaqana'ake'." ta'xas soukuelq!okna'mne'ts lapa-'tsqa'atsa'mnle'. ta'xas stqa'qat'sane'. 49. COYOTE'S CONTESTS Qa'k.tuna'mne 'ts kinelwi'ytik skc'n'ku'ts. qalwi'yne' pal ktslyuna'qwum neits yaaqanakdlhaqwu'mke'. silkinitwiyteya'.,te' neis a,'kek.tuna'mes at yA'qaoxaqalepname'ske'. qake'tne' at BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 69 they felt comfortable, I because the Sun was setting. At night the1l youth came back, and all thought that he should be I the Sun. The 45 youth was told: "You shall be the Sun." I In the evening he came back, because it was given to him I to be the Sun. The other youth, the younger one, I staid there. He was told: "You shall go in |1 the 50 evening; you shall be the Moon." Then he went off. I It had not been dark long before the Moon went up. I It was always light throughout the night. I On the following morning he came back. He was told: "Your elder brother shall be I the Sun during the day. You shall be l the Moon." These two became the heavenly orbs [Suns]. These 1 55 two youths were thought to be good, I and they were glad. Then it was decided. I Coyote was angry. He thought: "I will kill the Sun." I Then he made his bow, and he also had two arrows. ]] Then he went in the 60 night to the place where the Sun was to come up. I He staid there. On the following morning he took a good seat. I He lay on his stomach. Then he aimed at the right place. I The Sun rose. He aimed well I and was about to shoot. Then his arrow was burned.![ It burned 65 quickly, and he threw it away. Then everything was on fire. He ran away. I There was fire on each side where he was going along. I He ran and went into the water. I He was almost burned. He saw a trail and I lay down on it. The fire arrived, and it turned backll because there was no grass on the trail. I He was saved. The people 70 saw that the land was burning. Some one said: "Why is this?" They said: "Coyote is not here; it must be he who has done it.",Coyote said: " "Later generations of people will do this. |I When there 75 is a fire, they will lie down on a trail.* I Then they will be saved." Then the people said: I "Don't do what Coyote has done. I Later generations shall not I play Sun." Some one said: "Now you know what I1 to do." Then they were glad. They I scattered. That is 80 the end. I 49. COYOTE'S CONTESTS There was a town. Coyote was thinking about (the future). He thought I there would be many generations of people. He thought of I the town where the people had been killed. He said to I his friends: 70 70 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 swu'e~s: "hults!cnaxa'la hults!enalwats!na'la." ts!cna'xe n'c'-e5 naso'kuen's ske<ivku ts-, yama'kpa1, ma'aka, kiakqa'louk, t'nla-k, la'to-q! qoqu'ske-. wust!ala'ane- nei ta'xa kts!e-'nam. laxa'xe- sak-luname'sine-. qakike'lne-: "qa'psin ken'o'tkeil?" qake' ine-: "house~wats!nala'ane-." qakile'liie' tsixalselwa-ts - na'mile- kak!a'nwats!ti'yam. qakile'lne- skc'n-kivts: "eqa'la 10 ktsxzaI'esnc'wa-ts!" q~ke'ine>, "tsxzal~n-e- la'to-q!." ni~e haak.lo',ukue qake'ine-: "kamcna'la tsxal'cie se'n-a." q akya'mne': "ta'xa." ta'xas kxorna-m neis wu'o's qo's qana'xeskc'n'ku'ts. qawa'kal'u'pkaxo'na'kse- yaqso"me'ls. luq!o~z,ne'lne'. qake'lne' latoq!na'nas: '"husl'o'q!oxnc'lne' na yaq15 so"me'l. nei henk!a'nwaats! hentslaqawa'kawa'ts!ne' hcnts!qa'ka'la'kawitsqo-"k!un'ka'kane'." ta'xas k!a'n'wats! ne i'Was. ta'xas leie kyuna'qa *aqlsma,'kjnek! nakclwitskc'lne' qa'las layuwa'kme'qo's ksc'lips, ta'xzas ktsxaltslhu'qua. sc'n'a n'c'n'e' kqa-hu-'qua'l. at sl'aqaqa'pse' neists la'_1/alwa-,ts xa -Its at slqanal20 wa'ts!ne*, sl'a'qaqa'pse- at kqaho'qua-1. ta'xas na'kelwetskelc'lne' neists slwa'lkwaye't-se'. qakc'lne' ske'n'ku.'ts latoq!na,'na' s. naa qa/skeilha 'luk.le 'et ta'xas tsxaltsl 'a'yuwa 'kme'wcsu 'qune' se'n 'a. ta'xas qo' hentslaqanawa'ts!ne'. ta'xas, to'x~wa tselwalkwaye'tine' qo's kclya'qanalk!anwa'tske' st'n 'ats qakal'25 a'kaltsjmo'ukune*. ta'zxas k!a'kaltsu'm'o'kts qa'wune 'ke't.seIa' awa'kmewisu.'kune'. ta 'xas nalok. lee 'tine' so-kuilq!o 'kuna' mlie. ko'qaka-"nam. ta'xas lats! cn'awa'ts!ne' la'tuq!na'na. n'u'pZane- ktselhoqua'ka-. ta>xas k.Laaka'wats!. Q ake' ine' nei naso ' ukue 'n ske'n 'ku 'ts: "ta'xa s hutslaats!enaxa30 la'ane'. palI koslhoquna/was." Iaxa'xe' a'"ke sa-k.loname'sine'. qakikl~ne: "qa'psin ken'o'tkeil?" qake'1ne' "huselwats!nala'ane'.'1 qakilt'ne': "qa'psin kalwa'ts!na'm 3" qake'ine': "qa'psin henq alwe 'ykeil." qakile'lne': "huts'delwats!nala'ane'- kelnoqo 'ykqxna'mna'm."' qakile'lne': "qa'la'n' q!a'kpake-'txoul tsxaltshoquahI35 ne'." qake'lne' ske'n'ku'ts alaqa'lt!e's: "'qa-'la ktsesne'wa'ts!?"y qake'ine' ma'aka: "hutsxal'e'n'e'." qakie'lne': "'maats, hcnlq!akpake'txoul." qake'ine' kts,ýa'l'e '1 n' alse'nte 'k. naqa'ane' kqastsumqa 'qa neis kilnoqo 'ykaxnamna,'mes. qataltsxca' n 'e n'c'nse' tsa'e's neis ma'aka's. ne1 ta'xa ha-k.lou1kue. n'e'n'e' 40 kqastsumqa'qa yu'wesq!ana'k. ta'xas k!et!qaoxo'na'm. ta'xas yaakaxmetyaxna 'mne' nei ktsk.laqna'na'm. qanaqkuplalte"Ine' 'afka. ts!n'o'k!ucnlatil'elkti-kmetxofulne-.. ok~el',tye1 ha'qaeytlmo'xona'titmo 'Ie'. na 'lq!ante ixa'lne'- k.laxa'nxo~l lao "'nil 'a'q~yaqku'plalte'ne 'ts Ia 'ts!enmetxo 'ulne. qa' nqa'mik kia45 qka'lo11kts n'u,'p:Zane' neis tsa'e's. pee'k!aks pa'l tsl'ense' up'na'mo's. nuqo'1qxamu'mek. ta'xas laxanxo'une' neis yu'wesq!a'naksts kqa "'naqkupla 'Ite'. ts!enha'q!mak!ax 'na'kse' neists kqa 'naqk1up- -l"/1a 'f~. la nno one 'tk.Laqanaqk&upl aS'4 &. a %'ýs qasJ BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 71 "Let us go and play with them!" ~ They started. II Coyote was their 5 chief. Woodpecker, Flicker, Hawk, Chicken Hawk, Duck, and Bluejay, seven of them, went. | They reached the town. They were told: "What do you want?" | (Coyote) said: "We. come to play." He was told they would play I at diving. Coyote was told: "Who II will play?" He said: "Duck shall be the one." The I people of the 10 town said: "Our (player) shall be Beaver.". [ISome one said: "Ready!" Then they went to the shore. I Coyote went there. There on shore was a canoe. I He pulled out the calking, and he said to the little Duck: "I have taken the calking out of this canoe. 11 When you 15 dive, come up here! You shall I stick your nose up through the hole." Then the two dived, I and many people watched. Whoever I should float dead on the water, he was to lose. Beaver I never lost. Therefore he was selected when any one came to play with them. 11 He 20 was never beaten. Then they were watched. The sun was going down. Coyote had said to the little Duck: I "When (you hear) shouting, then Beaver comes up out of the water. | Then you may come up, too." It was almost I sunset. Then at the place where Beaver had dived I1 bubbles came up; and not long after the bubbles 25 had come up, I he floated on top of the water. Then there was a noise. They were glad I because he had won. Then the little Duck dived back. I He knew that he would win. Then he came up. I Chief Coyote said: "Now we will go on. 1I We have won over you." 30 They came to another town, I and they were told: "What do you.want?." (Coyote) said: "We will play." I He was told: "What will you play?" He said: "Whatever you I like." - He was told: "We will play boxing." I He was told: "Whoever is knocked down, he will lose." I Coyote said to his children: "Who will play?" j Flicker 35 said: "I'll be it." He was told: "No; you will be knocked down." I He said he wanted to be the one. There was I an expert boxer. He could not speak. I Flicker was the younger brother. II The most expert 40 one in the town was Kneecap. Then they met. I They went against each other, those who were to fight. Flicker was struck a hard blow, I and at once he was thrown upward. He was always rolling about, | and lost his senses. He was thrown back, I and he was struck again from below. He was knocked back still farther. Hawk was sitting there, I and saw that his younger brother had almost been killed. 45 Then he went out of his own body.1 He went up to Kneecap I and struck him hard. He gave him a hard' knock I when he struck him. He went up to him and struck him again. Then he I knocked a piece 1 This was explained that his supernatural power went out of his own body to attack the enemy. 72 72 ~~~BUREAU OF AMEIRICAX ETHNXOLOGY? BL.5 tBULL.59 onmbp o'one-. ta'xas k u 'p:ýa ktsl' o peil. ta',y.as lahama'te k50 tse'lne: ma/'aka. ta'xas laqakxal'e'nwe. ta'xas lao'kwal--. aqana'mik ma'aka, pee'k!aks op'na'mus palI ke'ens. ta'xas aft ke slasa-'nilhoquaka",ane skc'wku-ts. Qake'ine- ta'xas: "hutsla 'ts!e'nax-ala',ane-." ta'xas, kts!cna-m laxa'xe- sa,,k.luname'sne-. qakile'lne-: "qa'psin kcn' o tke~I?" 55 qake' ine- ske'n-ku ts: "huselwats!nala'ane.'" qakile'lne- tsxialselwats!na'mne k!e'kel1.n'ttkenk'sine k!c'k.le sts yunaqa'pse-. qakike'lne- ske'w-ku ts ala qalte 'timu: "qa 'Ia ktsxal' tsnc'lwa ts!?" qake'ine- qoqu'ske-: "hutsxal' e'ne." ta'xas, tinaqanxa,"mne- ne,s, aatket.lana'me-'s. ta,'xas n'csaknu'~e* qoqu'ske-. ta'xas naqal60 pa'Ine'1ne- qo's pe'k!awks qo's ats!melq!aluk!puka'm'e-sts lu'W-o's. tL-a'xas if c'kneits kaqalpa'lne'. palI kslsokua-ka-te- nei k!c'ke1. le ietkeka'Ihaqa'lpalne 'jne ts k!o kxats Ietqawu inne-. ta'xas slhoquakaane-. qake' ine-: "ta'xas." lats!tnawcsmaknc'le k. N' ok!unl' eIkela'mne-. qake 'ine- ske'nku ts: ktsqa'namna'lka 65 n' a-'qa-nalhaqa'nak!aqla'ha Is. qakilc 'ne- skc'n-ku ts: "hentsxal'ok!ue'ine., tax at henqalte'Iejkts hinske'ine-." qake'ine- latoq!na 'na: "hutsqanaxala-'ane- n' a qa'nalhaq!nukna'na." qakilc 'lne-: "~hentsxal'ok!ue/ine- tax. at henqaltc'le-kts hcnske'jne-." qake ~ no* ma'aka ktsqanaiina'lka,( n' a*'q anaihak!ak.lonukna'7.0 na's. qakilc'lne-.: "~hent~sxal'ok!ue'jne- tax at henqalte~'Iekts henske'ine." qake'ine- yama'kpalI ktsqa-namna'lka n' a-qnalhaq!a'nqa-ts!la'e ns. qakib 'lne-: "hecntsxcal' okl!ue 'jne palI at kcnqa lte'le kts henske 'ine-." qake ' ne' ki-aqka't.louk ktsqanamna'lka i' a* 'qa-nalso kunusu/k!po ns. ta'xas sel' 'lkit-a'mneits, 75 selsa ndlweynata'mncts seIa pa tsqa*'tse. ta'xas selqaqa'sine-. 50. THEm WAIR ONT THE SKY Qaaki.Iuna'mne-. naqa'pse- luna't!eis ha'nq!o. qaiwe 'ynektsxaltso'ukat. ta'xas tsak. la'pse-. sa-nilwe'ynets me'txane, at n 7ak!la-naqa'ane a-k! sa'nak!lanakc'-e- neis kmetta'm-u. ta'xas lahosanu,,yunqa'ane-. q ake'lne p apa'e -s: " so -q!une'it0. " t a'xas n'u5 metskenle'sine' aa,.,ka'q!ne-'s. ta'xas wokqa'lne- nei -palkei nei ki'e-p. qaohu'Ine- nei a-k!. neyaxa'lne- wa'ta-k, n'e'n-e kq!ape-'lkqa-ts nas a'm a-ks. slqalwiyname,'s-ne- ktsup~ra'1' e-s ka 's n' aqakekanek!e-'ne a-k!. ta'xas tenaxa'mne- neis aaket.Iana'me-s ya-qa-- kilkenIe'ske- neis a~k!s. n'o'fune- n'ese'nse- papa'e-s neis a-k!s. 10 qae-lo'uqaqna'ane- palI kee~ns, papa 'e~sts selqata-'ltsxanatka'ax.,afei' oqo >'zaq!ok.loma'n-e aake'e-sts neis qanalqaqna'ane-. qalwiyna'mne-. kdIsa'kqa a'nzra-kneis aa'kelmi'yett.s. k.isa'kq!nuk. ta'xas qakya'mne- ktsxalts V'nal'anaxaka'ana-m. ta'xas k!o'k!ue- n'c'n~e kwu'Iaq!makant'le-k. ta'xas wa-'mttak!o',ne-. n'upxale'sine15 ka-kq!meilmo-k!ona'ate-t. ta'xas. laa'k!Ia~k kme'txawts at BoAs] KUTJT AI TALES 73 off from him. Then he knew that he could kill him, and he was given || back to Flicker. It was he again.' Then I Flicker fought him down, 50 and that one was killed. I Thus Coyote won again in a bad manner. | He said: "Now we will go." They went, I and arrived at a town. He was told: "What do you want?." I Coyote said: "We will 55 play." He was told I somebody would play eating. Much food was prepared. | Coyote and his children were told: "Who will play?"I Bluejay said: 'I'll be it." Then they went into I the tent. Bluejay sat down and II began to talk of his great-great-grandfathers, who 60 lived long ago, and I those before them. Then he ate and talked. There was a great pile I of food. He had not been talking very long before he had eaten it all. He was still hungry. I Then they won. (Coyote) said: "Enough!" They went along. I At "once they began to quarrel. Coyote said 11 he would take 65 them through swamps. Coyote was told: "You may go there alone, for you like them, therefore you say so." Little Duck said: I "We will go through little lakes." He was told: I "You may go alone. You like them, therefore you say so." I Flicker said he would take them through young dry trees. 11 He was told: "You 70 may go there alone. You like them, therefore I you say so." Woodpecker said he would take them through I thickly wooded places. He was told: "You may go there alone. | You like them, therefore you say so." Hawk said he would I take them through places with scattered trees. Thus they quarreled. I| They became 75 angry at one another and separated. That is the end. I 50. THE WAR ON THE SKY2 There was a town. There was Muskrat's brother's widow. He thought I he would marry her. Then she refused him. He was angry and shot her. | The arrow was of a different kind. He made it in a different way, what he used for shooting her. I Then he ran away. He said to his grandmother: "-- - (?)" 3 Then II his face 5 was torn up. Then the dead woman was discovered. I The arrow was not known. They sent for Frog, who (was in the habit of going) all I over the world. They wanted to know where that I arrow came from. Then she (Frog) went into the house where I the arrow was kept. She herself knew that. it was her grandson's arrow. || She did 10 not know what to do, because it was her grandson, and she did not want to tell on him. I She spat into her hands and nodded. I They thought there must be a country in the sky, and that there must be a lake. I Some one said they would go on the warpath. One of them I was able to shoot far. He shot upward, and a noise was heard 11 as the point hit. Then another one shot and I hit the notch 15 of the (first) arrow. Then all of them shot, I but they did not reach 1 That is to say, Hawk's power had entered Flicker, and now left him again. 2 For another version see p. 87. 3 My interpreters did not understand this sentence. The word so'q!une'jto" is derived from aa'ka'q!ne" ("face"). 74 74 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 sina'laqaoqaxo'.me'k. qo'kue-in aak!unka 'k!e 's sedqaozxake'n-its ta'xas sltsma'k!e-,f'o-kuax~o'ume-k. ta'xas ktsts!e naxa'mists qake'ine a'ts!po-: "hentsa'wetskpaya'tapke'Ine'. huts!ai'mats20 si'~tkine'kek qoqa'pmouts huts!aimatswesilnukte'le'k. " n'upsa'ki1'etkine'Ie-ku qoqa'pmousts'kts!nazxa'me' 's. sa 'nilwi'yne- a'ts!po kima'tel.qun:ya~'xne' Reis yaqanaiw a'q!noname'ske'ts Iaq!apiI'umetske 'nv. 'e'. 'okax~o '1se-ts sanelwiynata 'pse' pa'Ikeis paltsWin k!enqapta'keis neis aatkek.1una'me's. ta'xas mete'xia'Ine' 25 tsxal'q!akpa'ketxo-' 'e'. qa'k.latnute'1ne' a'ts!pots ta-'xas kq!awats!e'nme-k. qonya'x,,ne-aaa'kenq!alqa,'e'sts qasne-nqa'me'k. n'enqapta'kse- ta'k!a'ts. n'apak!en"nte- na's aa'ka'mt!e's qahal'akamenlhaqa 'pse'ts ta'xas qanal' antso xa 'xe' pal kilaqa-' PS4O,,'uneC ku'k.louk. ta'ixas k!openqanaxa"me'sts qakilamnamc's~ne': "na's 30 n'~n'e' a'ts!po.") qake'ine': ",hoqu~a.e'n-e'. hoqua'k.lek ksen'akpa'me'k kqaqunmetkpa'me 'k ka snaqane'ke'ts, na' kusi' aqaqa'le-- kc'nme'k pal ta'k!ats kskikelme't:ýa." ta'zxas nei kyu'xa'xa'm, ta'xas ts!ena'xe' ha'nq!o. ta'xas n'etke'n-e kwe'lq!noks. ta'xas nietet.la'ate-k pal at kyuna't.la ftu'kan ofkue- ta'xas kqa'kyam 35 ksa'k-lo'unam. ta'xas k.laxaxa'mis nei.s aa'kik-lo'e's. ta'xas wanaqna'lne'. n' ometskenle'sine' aaa ket. Ia 'es. neists k!ometske'nleis neis hu'paksts n'upya'lne' te'tqa't! qaka-'lakaxa'mne' kuiwiya't!ne' metxa'ka-ts aa~kwumna'me-s. ta'xasts Reis ya-qa'nal'ometskenle'ske - aa' ket.Ia'e 's ne~sts n' o-k!la'tiyelqape 'kc'me 'k. 40 n'omttske'nle-s aa~ket.la'e'sts at kulwiya't!ne. ne1 te'tqa't! kmetxa'ka. ta'xas nakq!eye'tine'. qakya'mne- lkn'e'n'e' o'k!na'mula 'i'te 'k. ta'xas n' up~ra'lne' pa-I n' enlate'te 'k ha'nql!o. qakya'mne': "ta'xas qa 'kaske 'nked. n'o 'knuq!me 'wumk!oneske'lne-." ta'xas selqa-'kaskine'lne'. ta-'xas k.la'ts!ena'xam 45 ma yaqa'ka lyo 'uwa kaxa 'mke'. lalo'une' paI'a 'ometskine'ne'. ta'ýcas sel 'a'qa'Ioqa'lno'k!ue'nme-k iibpek!aqn"nte 'k. tsxa'n 'e nei k!anaxa'kana'lka. qake'ine': "hutsha'n'ilwukna~xnala,'ane' fluni 'a aa'kI~akuxa'e's." t a' xas _naniIlwo-kuinxa'lle-ts n' upile'lne' nei nu'm'a. ta'xas bo-kuinll'sine- aa'kinqawa'e's. ta'xas, 50 namatektsa'mne' q!a'pe' naqanqo' wa ktsxa'l'ens aa'kenquwa'e's. naqa'ýane' n'a'sne' swu'timu a~a'k.Ioum'. aa /ke naqar'ane' swu',timu na'laqlc'lckts kiaq!no-kuaat. n' a'sne -ne i ke'souk aa'kenqo-"wa nei qawoiakne'lne'. qakya'mne': "maats hcntsqako 'kakenke 'me' - tsxal', 'use' swu'timu." aa' klo,,m' swu'tjmu 55 qanq!ma'lwanxo 'ua'mue' q alwi'yne' k!e 'k'kte 'I. ta'xas k!o "kuclhamate 'ktse 'I aa,,keuqo '-wa's. ta'xas uamatcktsne 'Re'ies swu'timu naso-\kuinke 'ste 'k. ta'xas kilaqo 'naxa'mne' uei ya '-qa'kalyu 'wakaxa'mke'. ta'xas k. Ia'ouaqa'u 'oxu '1am. aa' "k.loum' SwU'timu namate'ktseil aa,'kenqo-'wa'sts at qayaqa'hakt '11 'e 60 pa-I kqa'lwiy ta'xta ktsa'qaps ueuko'e's. ta'xas k.Ia',Iousts pa-I selk!umna'qalalke'n 'e' pa-I seI'o'use' nmnko'e s. ta'xas BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 75 down. When Raven put his nose there, I then it reached the ground. When they were going to start, I Wolverene said: "Wait for me. It will take me two days 11 to put away my things. It will take me 20 two days." He was still l putting away his things when they started. Then Wolverene became angry I because he was left. When they had gone up, he took hold of (the arrows) and I tore them down entirely. They all dropped down. Then the women became angry I at him because they were left alone in the town. They pursued Wolverene, 1I and he was about to be killed. They pursued 25 Wolverene, and he was out of breath. I He took up his sinews and cut himself to pieces. He changed himself I into a squirrel. He put it under the belt which was I around his waist. Then he went back somewhere, because he could do no more, I being tired. He went around, and some one said: "Here II is Wolverene." He said: "I am 30 not he; I am called I He -who -wants -to -act -differently-from-othersand-who-does-not-care-for-whatever -may-be-done. I I am shooting squirrels." Now, Muskrat, who had gone up, I started and made a large lake. I He built tents for himself, many tents, although he was only one. II There was a village. Then the people reached the village. They | 35 began to make war. They tore up the tents. When the first one was broken up, a left-handed man was seen to come out. 1 They shot (?) him in the stomach. Then, when they tore up another I tent, he came out again in the same clothing that he had worn before. II His tent was broken, and that left-handed man I was shot (?). 40 Then they began to speak, and some one said: "Maybe I he is always the same one." Then it came to be known that he was always the same one; namely, Muskrat. I Some one said: "Stop shooting himshooting at his stomach." I Then they left him. Then they started back II to the place where they had come from. 45 There was nothing. (The arrow chain) was broken down. I The manitous did not know how to get down. I The war chief said: "We will wait I at the drinking-place of Thunderbird." They waited for the Thunderbird and I killed him. Then his feathers were taken off..| Then they gave them to every one to be their feathers. I There were 50 two friends, the Bats; and there were I two friends, Golden Eagle and Young Golden Eagle-two of them. Then the good I feathers were laid aside. Some one said: "Dori't touch I them, they are for the friends." The Bat friends I| nMdged each other. They thought they 55 were meant. Then I all the feathers were given out. Then the I two chief friends were given feathers. They went back to I the place where they had come up, and they began to fly down. When the Bat I friends were given feathers, they passed them on. I1 They thought 60 (the best ones) would be theirs. When (all the feathers) were gone, they knew they were mistaken. There was nothing for them. 76 76 ]3TBUREAUJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 lao 'nan-uxu'ne- aa'k.lo-m'; st't!es neis qanulke'n-e. ta'xas sdlsqapcn quwa'ane-. yaqa'nla 1t neis qa 1' elqa'naL' akunkc'n eaa'kuqla 'e s. ta'xas selsqapmn qowa 'afle at selk,,no xo mu 'n e-. 65 q!a'pe- kia'kxo' tsen lao-'naqanmi'te-k. q!u'me n'ine k~o-'k ~ujl' aqtsxo '11me k. la. itke'nelts at laqa'tal' ttkene-'lnex nipe'k!anc"nte-k q!a'pe qunya'xane- la-e'tkents pa'mck at qa'selqa..i ozxake'ne'- aa'kula'k!e-sts at qalwi'yne- ktsla'souksts at la~qa so1 Ukse-. naqa'pse- lunat!e'es q!u'me- n'c'nse- ya-qao-ý-,a-a'tjyelqal-, 70 we'yke- pa-'mik a'a'ke k.lqunya'xana-ps. ta'xas aa'~ke qunya~rana'pse- neis luniat!e'es qaoxaxa"mse-ts ta'xas la-, q!a'piltsEmak!e'ine*. nei yesaqapte' ike k!anaxa'ka k. laqa'loqalnok!ui'nine-k. qake ' ne- ktsqa'pilno k!ue'n mo' a'm a-iks k!ana,,a'aka. ktsxalts!e'nam neis ya-qaoxalao'naxonake'ske075 -a'tkelmi'yet.s. tsxal ao-mokuel' anaxza'ka. n' i'll e alt~a 'atinli yama'kpai1. ta'xas k.lats!e'na-mts k.lao-'na-m qo'sts laya-qao-,. xal a'o-na'mke-. ta'xas lao-moka'xe-. ta'xas lakeika'mk-e neiSsaa~qeya'inla pshak.lee'tske- qa'kel' U'P2lafle ma'lne n~pe k!a s, qak.la'pse- "en hintslaya.-qana'mke- hein 'upya kia'kxo-. maats 80 hintsqunya'xane- hinla- a -qaoxayeksi 'le -k." lo'qualqaki 'me': "maats hentsqaoxa'yekse'le k n' a'qakilhaq Ianqots!la 'e -n'. " ta'xas silyahal' antsakna'mne-. ta'x.aLs kts!e'na-m yama'kpa I altsa'at~inu. qana>xitsqawa 'qa-I' upkaqa'iluqu 'se- to'ho Is. qalwi'yne*yamat'kpalI ktsxal'u' peI1. qak.la'pse- ma'aka-'s: "a- qanaqas85 niki'tine-. kin' wil'atilts xma kintsla. i'sinqalniketkina' te t." ta'0at 'cn a'k aalin tsxalqunya'xats a't a-nlaho-lqailuqu 'se ts at qawokui 'n-e. qa' alin neis laqal' u'pkalqaqa'psewu'u sts qa.u'p,-ane-ts pe. c'k!aks pa I si' o'noq!wiyatqla'pseyawo'une'k!s. ta'xas neists n'ao'k!we- kts!ei'na'm qa-na'ýe90 qa'alen laxa'xe- yatielhaq!a'nqots!lai'nske-. silwalkwayc'ts~e'ts kkikyikse'le-k. ta'xas kq!u "ine' qahak.le'itsneets n' o'k!uein'aqsa'na-link!alaq!nux-na'pse- kouk-una'na-s. qalwi'ynexma hakamxune' lke- yama'kpa-i naasts tin' cli'ktests qa. en tse 'ite'. ta'xas kq!u"mne- palI selt!apts!e'ise' neis ko,,kuna,'na-s. 95 ta'xas slqa'qalqaqa'ane-. ta'xas palI ksl'o-'k!ue'l'ips altsa'ws yama'kpa I kisel'upla 'pse s yawo 'une-k!s. n'ttinumo-tste'lneyama'kpa I1. qake' ine-: "huluq!ma 1k. lu'nisna'ala aatkuwuk.le 'et." ta'xas n'ana'xex. ta'xas ko-'kuin ke'e-k. ta'xas-k.lats!i'kam qo-'s aa'ko'q!nu-ks. laqawa'akalI yu-waqa'xe-. n'esaknu 'n'e-. 100 qaakil'u'p~cane- nalnP/qtse's. nalmu'qtse- n'e'n-e nei kwc'lqa ti'tqa~t!. ta'xas sa'kilhamate'ktse aatkek. leye.e'se-s naas a'm'a'ks. neis qaha'xe' naas aa~k!ale'et.s nleiskMu'p~a yanaa'kpa'ls altsa'atmmu's qake'lne.: "a' alkaha'tsa o-kumetpesta'pkeil."y yama'kpa-I sa'hanlukpakta'pse' neis hatsa"e 'sts 105 sa 'nelwiyna 'ate 'ts tsukua 'te' aa'kte ' mo "s. xunme'te 'ts k!ituk.'a'ako.ps. tsukua'te aatke'lweys 'oq oxake'n'e' neis BOAS] I KUTENAI TALES 77 Then I the Bats flew down, spreading out their blankets. I They used them for wings. The Flying Squirrel pulled out I his skin and used it for wings. He used it to fly with. II All the fish threw themselves 65 down. The Sucker was the I only one who was broken to pieces. All tried to restore him, but it could not be done. All the manitous I touched him; and when some one tried to fix him, he put I pieces of his own flesh on. They thought it would cure him, but he was not cured. I There was Sucker's brother's widow. He always wanted her to touch him. II Then she also went. to him, and I his brother's 70 widow touched him. Then he I was well again. Those warriors who were left behind I did not know how to get back. They said: "Being warriors, we shall finally reach the earth (?)." I They were about to start for the place where heaven and earth meet. )I They were about to go to war. These were the brothers I Wood- 75 pecker. They started back to go down to the place I where they had come down. Then they reached the ground. When they came back, I at Nelson they met the manitous, I and were told: "When you go back, you will see a fish. Don't 11 touch it, wherever you may stay 80 over night." They were also told: I "Don't stay over night where there are thick trees." Then I they bewitched one another. Woodpecker and his I brothers were going along; and while they were going along, they found a charr drifted ashore. I Woodpecker thought he would kill it. He said to Flicker: "Many things 11 have been done. 85 Have you a great name, and is it right that you make trouble'? (?)" I Flicker was just about to touch the charr when it I went back into the water, and he did not touch it. It happened that the water was rolling in toward the shore, I and without his knowing it he was swallowed I by the Water Monster. Then the other one started and went along. I1 He came to a place where there were thick woods. 90 It was getting evening, I and he camped there over night. Then, while he was asleep, I a little toad went under his blanket. Woodpecker thought I what he had been told did not mean anything, and he did not mind what was said to him. I Then he went to sleep. The little toad stuck on his body. I It was always like that. At one time 95 the younger brother Woodpecker died. The Water Monster had killed him. A law had been made I for Woodpecker (?). He said: "We will go around the mountains." I Then they went hunting. When the food was done, they started to come back I to the lake. They came up and sat down. I Then he saw Nalmu'qtse.1 100 Nalmu'qtse was a large I man. He was going about giving names I to the country. He followed this Kutenai River. He saw Woodpecker I and his brothers, and said to them: "0 nephews! give me some food.' I Woodpecker hated his uncle Nalmu'qtse. 11 He was angry at 105 him, and took a whetstone, threw it into the fire, until I it was red-hot. He took the heart of a Mountain Goat and put I the whetstone into I See pp. 87 et seq. 78 78 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (IL.5 [BULL. 59 ~aa te'imo"'s. ta'xasts qake'hie- k.Ima 'Ien-k!alo 'ma-s. ta'xas ts!nme'te. n'u'pF~aneW nalmi)'qtse- neis kse4sanelwiyna'ate Illn'escaq!ana'q!ne 'ne'Ine-. n' a stsenlo xalhaq!ma110 nqa'pse. qake'ine "he'he he-he he'. qake'ine: "kseIsa nelwiyna'tap alka'tsa%, kseIyu 'k!kua ka'ta-p." kilqa*'I' at.ete'tjna m kneIwi'ynana 'ke-. ta'xas selaoka'xe eS aa'ko 'q!nu lists II'U/ n- etwet tsc'tsqo ins. qake'ne namate 'ktse- ke 'eksts qake 'Ine-: "hentsxalya'nalu'q!nu'kurke'1ne hentsqake-'ine115 'mantsuk!una'lkil, mantsuk!una'IkiI, mantsuk!una'IkiI, mantsuk!una'Ikil."' qakike'Ine-: "henqa'elkina'pke~ilhentske'Ikulmolke'Ine-." ta'xasts qake-'ine- nei kianaluq!unoku'kwe-. ta'xas kts!e'n-am naa qaoxaI'altjna-wetsq!no ks. taxas at qa'kelhaqwe'1ne-ts at slqake'Ine-. q!a'peis kia'xo-'s k.l'u'Pa.'s aalkct.120 Iae'se-s. yama'kpalIs ktsxa'I'e-ks. ta'xas k.Iala'xaam ta'xas q!a'pe- kia'kxo- n'upa'xe- qous aa,'ket.Iana'me-s. qakil2leyama /kpa I n' upsakmo&xo 'ne- naso 'ukwe n, taxta ' tsxaI'e'sniItoq!tsqak.Ic'sinex. nawetskpayate'Ine-ts w a'xe k!e'k!o-m'. ta'as1aS' e n emtkt~Ie aa'ko'1a-'s. ta'xas k!eknu125 qo*'qo* Pal yama'kpalI altsa'atimu q!a'pe- ke'm tetqawt!s n'o Ii!uita/mne pa'Ike1 ndense- alnana'e-s ka'tska ots. ta'xasts ka'tska-ts n'(snl'u'px~ale k!e'k!o-m's neis k!e-knauqo'- qus palI pec'k!a-ks selts!enme'q!al-e kaku'pse-. qake'1ne-: "ka'as kapapana'Ia k!aqa'qna. " neis qan130 mtq!aI-'kako'unets naas qaoxaq!alkaqo'une-. t a'.-as seltsxa'natka'ane- neis ksaosa'qa ps naas a.,ko 'q!no -ks. ta-'xasts seIhultoq!tsqake' inex. ta'xas qakike'lnle. ta'xas huso'ukulq!o'uk,,ne-: "ta'xa Iu'w-u." ta'xas laholqkupelqakana an-e' kia'kxo-. ta'xas ts!enalqana"ute- ki'e-k. at slaqa135 qa'ane* kia'kxo naas a-t kia-'q!aw-o'ho~s nense aat,,ko'lalis neis ki'e-k. ta'xas n'itaqna'meV- ktsxa1'o'piI yawo-une-ki!s. q ake'I ie: ta 'xas huts~calhulnu 'qune, hutsxal'ets!ke'Ine6." ta'xas pa'I kaqa wu'sa-q! nWoklui1ýqal'ate'Ine-. nulnu'qune -ts. q ake'i ne-: " ka'min wu'saq!; 140 ka'min wu 'saq!." ta'xasts slhal axwa 'to k n' u'pskelqa'wilhulnu'quine-. at k!ektsno'qo-. ta'xas la.upka'xe e'n-ta-sts qaakilqa'atse- yama'kpa I. n' Ysnilkjnu'qune- n'etske 'Ine-. ta'xas k!u'p~cax qalwi'yne- kts-yalq!a'kpaketqo-'ke- aatkIam'e'se's ktsZalqaoZak.It'kxa. wc't!qkupqo qlam aki'ne ts 145 yu'k!kaaka'te*. ta'xas neis Iu'qano-'tqo-le'Ine- nets k.Io'quak!ale'et.s neis Ialoka'xe- ya 'ki'e'nske-. ya-qo na'ske-. Iaqaka'xe,. neis yaknuso 'ukske-. qalwi'yne- ktsxalqa'naltsaqa'nain. qu-nakenxa'Ine'. n7'o la'w-e yama'kpal aake Iayu'k!kaaka'te. no*'k!uloqlaqle k!o 'lne-. qakaltunwa'akalha150 nuso'ukune* si' akaqa'ane- kqal' at.Icte'tna m ya linoso fukuw-. la~tska'xe-ts is yaakwu'Ia ks a'far ke qoa'oxal'upa 'xe BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 79 it. Then he told him to open his mouth. I Then he threw it. Nalmu'qtse knew that he was I angry with him. He nodded his head, and (the whetstone) stood there just alongside of him. II He said: 110 "He'he he'he he'!" He said: I "My brothers are angry with me. I have escaped." I The name of that place was Little Heart.' Then he came down the lake and I saw a Water Bird2 and a Water Ousel. He spoke to them and gave them I food. He said to them: "You will go along each side of the lake. You will say, 1 'You are invited, you are invited, you are invited, I you are 115 invited, you are invited."' They were told: "If you don't come to me, your lake will be dried up." I Then those who went on each side of the lake said so. I Wherever there is a bay here, there they danced. I He said to them: "All the fish shall come ashore to the tent of I| Woodpecker to eat (his food)." Then, when he came back, I 120 all the fish came ashore, there at the tent. Woodpecker I was told: "The chief has not come back yet. He will | tell you something." They waited for him, and the fish3 arrived. I When he arrived, he was given a pipe. Then he, If Woodpecker, and his brothers, smoked. 125 They were all men. I Only one.of them was a woman; namely, their younger sister (a bird with yellow breast and gray feathers). J Then the sister herself saw the fish smoking I and moving his eyebrows while he was smoking. I He said: "Where is our grandson " Then ( he moved his eyebrows in this direction. He moved them a little 130 ways. I Then he told them that (the grandson) was on this lake. I He finished telling the news. Then he was told: "Now I I am glad. Now go!" Then the fish went back into the water quickly. j Then he had some food. 11 The fish is like that. He is red on each side; 1 135 that is the meat, the food (that he was given). Now they made ready to kill I the Water Monster. Woodpeckersaid: "I'll go into the water; I I'll search for him." Now they saw one person namedLongLegs. I He went into thewater and said: "I am LongLegs, I I am Long Legs." He was proud of himself. He had not gone I far 140 from the lake shore 'When he sank down. Next Woodpecker himself went along the lake shore I and went into the water. He searched for him. I Then he saw (the monster). He thought he would kick him dead in the water. He intended to kick him I on the head, but the blow glanced off from the head. It He missed it. Then (the monster) was 145 chased this way along the I other big river. It came back this way by way of Windermere. I It came back to Red Water. It thought it would go along that river, I but it was stabbed by Woodpecker. The monster I escaped again. It was hit on the foot. There was some blood, It and the water turned red. Therefore it is named Red Water. I It 150 1 Name of a place east of Nelson, which was given its name by Nalmu'qtse owing to this incident. 2 A small gray bird living on the lake shore. 8 A small fish with large head and small tail. 80 80 ~~BUR~EAU OF AMERITCAN ETHNOLOGY UL.5 [BULL. 59 qa'oxal 'upa 'xe a,,kil a'laqu 'no ksts aqanaqo xu "mne- yama'kpal1. namate'ktse aakiyuk~la~es nalmuxna 'yi t tsuk!otiya l'Pe s. qake'lne- "neis hcn'u 'p.:a Iapska-1' aka'wats!ts 155 hentsqakt'lne': 'a- he'i.."' ma n'o'psawetsa'ake'nxa yama'kpa'L iupelna'we' yawo ',nek!s. qakilel 'in: "naasts hcntsqake 'me' tsia 'Itsl'o 'nile'sine 'ts hentselso -kqa'oxakina'x,,ne-. " ta'xas n' o naqo~q!anke'me'k yama'kpa'l sl'ets!kelqo'kue'n'e-. ta'xas qakilc'ne' nalmexna'yet I la,,psa'kxawa'tsine'. taxas na160 wetsnulk!o'une'. qake'ine': "a-, ma la'psaawetSa-ke'iuxa nalmu~cna'yit u'pilna'we', yawo',,ne'k!s." ma' kqa'kilaps yama'kpa'ls kts!ak!lana'ke' si'l'u'pt!enmete'lwiyx~ona'psepalI ksdl'tseka'te-'s. ta'xasts stlyu 'k! kua'ka'te'. ta'xasts kuwu'uka't yawo'une'k!s qak~la'pse': "ma- kulT'em'qo 1." 165 sdlpesnenme'te- neis ktsquna'akinxa'm'o. tse4' aho'usanu~cunqa'ane'. ta'xas qakilc'ne' nalmb/qtse': "lats!e'na'n' en yeso'u~caq!no'uke'. hentsxalma'nuqle'knate'tjne-. maats Ien'laqaya'aqal'qa'atse-. " n' ests ke'iwa 'm yeswa,,kaq!nu 'kske' s!dqanaqle'kz~ane' es aa'kwuk,le'ets. sdlqasd 'u'n'mctekd 'nI e'. 170 ta'xas se'tse'nilqouqmexumu'-e -2 aa'q 1! ana'k!e'-s. ta'xas yama'kpa'l k.laatskanu'tqo'l. ta'xas yunaquwu 'mne' kanutqu'le'1. ske'n'ku'ts pal n'c'n'e' kalnuku'pqa. kwa' nxo' nalke 'n -e' aa 'kenu 'qie' 's. t a 'xas kwa 'n~co ts~altslqa'naqkupla-'lte' neis qaltseikata'pse'. qak.la'pse': "ma kul'e"m'qo'l." 175 Ia'ho-saanxunqa'ane' na 'k! 1yU. ta'xasts qa'sousa-'2ýe'. ta'2xasts necsniltsukua'te- neis aa'knu'qle-s. ta'xasts k.laxa"nxo'. neis qattseikata'pse'. qake'lne-: "a- he'i. ke'ilo' te'tqa't!; ho'paks koe'snilqanla'le 't yawo',une 'k!." aat k.lam'e 'se's qao~cala'lte'. ta'zxas pa'l kselq!aqpake't~co'. ta'ýcas. qaakel'oumetsqa'lne. 180 ta'xas tsek!qa'lne'. Iaqakxal'anaxza'mne' ma 'aka a'a,'ke la'tuq! telnamo'timu' naas at pa'lI kqa'akesq!an'menu'qlo'ltu!s aak maaka. ta 'xasts set' ektoqou'me 'k. ta'zxasts n' e'snilqake'ine' la'tuq!ts ma'aka; pa'l la'tuq! telnamo'utimo ke'en k!o'noq uwi'yatqulmu 'n 'aps yawo 'une'k!s yaqso'me'l'e 's. qake +" 185 ne' qousts haosaqa'ake' aa,'kwum'e'se's yawo'une'k!s at ksenq!o,,koxa'me'-k yaqso'me'l'e's at qa'k.laps: "Maats k-lu - we'lenq!o 'koxa'me 'k. lo 'q!ko 'ps aqa. e'se 's. ta'xasts ma'aka selqasnanulio 'hne'- si' ne 'sqa'pte 'k. Ta'xas n' oretsqa 'me' luquale'sine' aa'knoka'k!e 's. ts!ekimet. - 190 Ie'sine'. na nal'o'nanmito'uke' na han'umu'k!ke' ests n'e'nse, a,'knoka'k!e 's. n' ao-"k!uists qous laluquanen 'mit.le'sine' qousts yaakil' omitsqa'lke'. ta'xasts si' aqa '1'at.letitna'mne' yaakenoka' 'ke'. neists a,,'kula'k!sts ta'::as k!ometsq a'le 's pa 'tsnenmiit.le'sine'. naasts iye'sa 'ts qa' 'kilhaqa,'ake' aql~sma'kinek! I Or nalmuznalyet. 20r se',W&'lnilqouqr4u;umun-v. KUTENAI TALES 81 came back to Long-Water Bay,' and I there it went ashore. It went ashore into a cave under water. There it went in. I Woodpecker gave his war bonnet and his I spear to Flicker, and said to him: "If you see it coming out of the water, 11 say 'Ahei!' " Woodpecker was 155 ready I to kill the Water Monster. He was told: "You must say this, 'Ahei!' I Then it will be afraid of you, and you will hit it in the right place." Then Woodpecker I stepped into the water. He waited for it. Then I he was told that Flicker was going there. He stood |I ready to 'spear the monster. He said: "Ah! Flicker is waiting to 160 spear it. I He will kill the Water Monster." I Woodpecker had told him differently. He trembled for fear, for I the monster looked fierce. Then he missed it. When | the Water Monster saw him, it said to hirm, "I shall swallow you." II Then Flicker let go the spear and ran 165 away. I Then Nalmu'qtse was told: "Start for I the end of the lake and shut up the water. Don't let it I go through." When he arrived at the end of the lake, I he kicked this mountain2 and broke a piece off. 11 Then he made the mud solid with his knees. I Then Wood- 170 pecker started in pursuit. Many were pursuing I the monster. Coyote was the fastest one. He caught up with it. ] He carried his tomahawk pipe. He caught up with it, and was just about to strike it. I Then the Water Monster looked at him, and said, "I'll swallow you," II and he ran away. Next Fox overtook him and I took the 175 tomahawk pipe. When he caught up to it, I he looked at it, and said: "Ahei! there is no other man like me. I shall be the first I to strike the Water Monster." He hit its head, I killed it, and it was cut to pieces. [I Then it was cut open. Then Flicker and Duck J and his wife 180 came out. Duck and I Flicker were white on each side. They washed themselves. Then I Duck and Flicker and Duck's wives, I those who had been swallowed by the Water Monster in their canoe, said [[ that 185 while they had been in the belly of the Water Monster I they had made a fire with their canoe. They had been told: "Don't I make a big fire; it might melt the fat (of the ' monster)." Then Flicker [ was worn down to his present size. | Then the ribs on one side of the monster were cut off. They were thrown away II down the river. The one side of the ribs is now a cliff 190 below. I Then the other side was thrown away, there I where it was being cut up. Therefore the cliff is named Standing Rib. I Then its body was cut up and was I scattered about where there are people. II 1 S uth of Windermere. 2 Pointed out by the narrator. 85543~-Bull. 59-18--6 82 82 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 195 ktsxa'I'ens ke'e-kts aa,'kuIa'k!e-s. ta'xas k.Ia'Io,,s ala kuIa'k!e-sts q!akpayo-teIne- naa, aqlsma'kinek!. qo,,sts ya'a qa'aknuq!me'lke sa'keIqaskiki'etu'k,,ne-. qakya'mne iests ksuwc'suqs aa,'kok!ala 'ak!e s. ta'x as kselhouc'keit qakilamna'mne*: " kaaSts ktsxa'I'ens ua~a ha'kelhaqa'ake aqis200 ma'kinek! ho slqa'akilo'pilna'1a an'e'sine- am-a'k es." ta'xas latsoko-kne'lne- wa'n'mo- palI kpaatsenmu'xo-. qakya'mne-: "naas ts~a1'c'nse na,, aqIsma'kine-k!. ta'xas tsxaIn'e'-e- ts:ýaltsamna'ne- na aqisma 'kine k!. tsxaIqayunaqa 'aflO tsqae'teb.xo 'me~k. ts!upsla'teyilhaqa'ane205 me'ka yuna'qaps kwa'naqna'napsts ts~aIqataI'o,,kta'pse-." ta'xas selhokne'Ine. ta'xas siqaqa 'sinex. [No. 51. Told by Felix Andrew (recorded by Robert T. Aitken)] 5 1. TnREGIANT Qaak.Iuna'mne- ki'as netsta'hal n'en'e tsa'atimo:. k!o-kunmi'yet.sts nal'ana'xe* nei tsa'atimo. qa'kqa-'tse- ne1 kwt'qa- n'u'p2ý:ale- kwe'lqle 'sts, n'eIwa'nwe Iatskalo kalke'w-e. ta'xas selwalkwayc't.se-, ta'xas nowa 'sine. qalwe 'yne-: "hul' aq!ama1'edkoxza'5 mekts hutsxaI-uk!moxa'me-k. hunho 'I' Aktgkuts' ctwask!one'lek." ta'xzas qaseIxunme~'te- neis kwe'Iqle-'sts ku'kopsts n'e'kjne-. ]iktk!amxoneIaxne'se-ts qalwe 'yne: "hulqaseloqa 'mek kuluk!mo' *mek." ta'xas qaselo-qa'mekts Zcunme'te. ko-'kopsts ta'xas n'c'kine-so-kazxne'se Iaqase' o qune~ts Iaxunme'tets Ia.e'kine. 10 n'aimeye't-sits kq!apxa'mek. ta'zxas tscn cnqapta'kse- ma'k!e-s. ta'xas neistsa's k.Iala-'xasts, kkanmi'.yet.sqalwev'yse "ut c nake'tskel ka'ta-t." ts!ena'xe-. qaýna 'ae- ne~s ma ya'ake1'ana'amke-. qaoxa'xe- nukpainite'tine- naluk.Iee't. se n'etuwesqa'ane-ts tscn k!apalteIe-k. qahaq!yu-mina'se- qo-sts palI qanak!a'15 palte'Ie-k. qaoxa'xe-ts klyu 'uxa'm. qo-nawetske'kine- sanenq!oku'pse-. qaoxa'Xe nulpa-'Lne pal nelke'kse- neis ta'-t!e-s palI qake'kse-: "heya", ma kutsla kel ka'tsats kutsaimete'timo." ta'asqaoa'e k!,pna-ps metyaxna-'pse- qanlaltmona 'pseaa' ko-qut!e.e'se-sts qanmetxomona'pse-ts n'upla 'pse.. qaa20 qwu'Innets qakiya'mne-: "xma he'n'etskdlke'Ine- nei tsa'atimu." ts eua'se- ne1 kwe'Iqa tdnamo'e~s n'etskdla'pse-. qa-na 'xe nei pa'Ikej. qanak!a'palte'Ie-k nalukulee't.se. qaoxa'xe- qonawctske'Ine- sanaqana-'kse- palI qake'kse-: heyg' ma kutsla'kilI kanxa 'Iets kutsadimtte'timo." n'ok!uenI aa-'ntsoxa'xe- nel pa'Ikeits 25 qakiht'Ine-: "tapts~ie'tn' ak! ano'ukoo aa tqa~twu'nilatne'smi I tsxaIqan~a'Itjmune'sjne aa'ko qut!e 'e-s. tsxa~s~a'Iasqanapse'sjneneis no fukueis. tszxovIsIqatalItsenkmnc'sjne." ta'X'as kta' pts!eit noluklleis aa'qatwumIa',t,!e-s. ta'xas k! q!aaqat! o 'xam qanlalta 'pse-ts q!axona-'kse- aa'koqt!e.e'se-s. pal ka-'lken neis aqa-'lt!e-s BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 83 Its flesh was to be their food. Then its body was gone entirely, I and 195 the people here had been forgotten, where I it was being carved. There was no water there. Some one said: "Is that I in the water there its backbone? " When it was all done, they talked I among themselves. "What shall belong to these I] people, because we killed 200 it on their own land?3" Then I they picked up the blood and scattered it. They I said: "This will belong to these people. I These people will be few. They will I not be many. They will not increase but they will always remain; II even if many make war against them, 205 they can not be exterminated." I Now it is finished. The end. I [No. 51. Told by Felix Andrew (recorded by Robert T. Aitken)] 51. THE GIANT' There was a town. One day I two men/brothers, went out hunting. The two brothers were going along. The elder one I saw a bighorn sheep and shot it. He carried it down. Then toward I sunset he became hungry. He thought: "I'll make a fire [1 and roast a piece of 5 meat. When I have finished eating, I will hang up the meat and dry it." I Then he threw a piece of the bighorn-sheep meat into the fire. When it was cooked, he ate it. I It was without taste. He thought: "I'll cut a piece of my own body and I'll roast it in the.fire." I Then he cut a piece off of himself and threw it into the fire. When it was done, I he ate it. It tasted good. He cut off another piece and threw it into the fire and ate it. I1 After two days he had 10 eaten himself entirely. Only his bones were left. I Then his younger brother went home, and the following morning he thought: "I will go and I look for my elder brother." He started and went along to the place where they had been hunting. I He arrived there and heard a sound. He stood still I and listened. There was a hill. He heard the sound |1 from that direction. He arrived there and went up. A 15 little ways off I there was a fire. He went there, and he heard his elder brother making that noise. He was I saying: "Oh, I love my brother, and it will take me two days to eat him!" I Then he arrived there. The elder brother saw him and ran after him. I He struck him with his intestines, and threw him down with them and killed him. 20 Those at home said they ought to look for the brothers. I The elder 2 one's wife started looking for them. The woman I went along. She heard a sound somewhere. She went there, and she saw him from a little ways off I sitting down. He was saying: "Oh, I love I my son! It will take me two days to eat him." The woman went along behind a hill. [I Something told her: "Stick sharp stones on your clothing. 25 He will strike you with his intestines, and the stones will cut them. I Then he will not be able to catch you." Then she stuck I stones on her clothing. She went nearer. He struck her, I and his intestines 1 See p. 272. 84 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLQGY [BULL. 59 30 qawoqanke'nse- neis no laqana' e s. lahe-tsi'nqkupe-ke'me kts metya~rna 'pse-. pal1 ke'ens, ma-k!s qatai1ts!ena-'kse'. laqa-oxa'xe-ts qake'ine-: "pal q!a'pZane- kanul'a'q,,na tsa'e-s. qal"woyne- a'a'ke- ktszal'e'txa kanzxale'imil. mats tszxa'xex" ta'xas qakiya'mne-: "hulhoqunaneyaula." qakiya'mne,: e"qa'la ke'cn 35 kwike'lwey tszalqahaosaqa 'afle-tS ts,,al' upe'lne ii' aqaske 'Iwas." qake'ine- skc'n-kwts: "hutsxal'csi'nilqaha'o saqa'ane.0" qakilc'ne-: "maats." qake' 1ne- qaspe''o-ku:- "hut sxa1' si'nilqaha'osaqa aie.." qakikl~ne-: "o kne ta'xas qaha'osaqa'aneqaspel'wkuts, aa,,ke telnamo"ests:zale'e-s nei te'tqa~t!. ta'x~as 40 no'qulnane-ya'mne-. qaosaqa'ane- nei kqa'lsa. qawunekc't.se-, ta'xas kts!e'na-m qalspe'Poku. ta'xas wa'xeo nei te'tqaot!. labo-. name'sineo. n' asqapta'kse telnamu"e-sts, xale'e-s. kMu'pýa tlinamu' e-sts qake'lne-: "tskake'nin' lka'mou." namatektsa'pse-, ktsu'uka-t-s neis qa-l' asqaoxaya'xane-ts tsck!ke,'we-. qaiwe 'yne45 ktsxa'1'e-k. qak.la'pse- telnamu'es: "tskake'nert' hutsxalts!inal'iktuqo',,ne-. saha'nse- a'ql!ole'es." namatc'ktse' telnamu e~s. tsukua'te* nei pal'kei ts!enalxonalke'rr-e-. k!antso'xamts n'elqanmc 'te ts n'ctsinqkupe ke 'ine k. scdts!enanxokua 'ane-. kUaxan~xo 'ka-ts qake'1ne-: "wa'xe- neis yaqake'1kalhoqunaneya50 me'ske-. n'upe<lne xale'e-s." ta':ýas qakilt'lne- qaspeflouku: "laots!ename'len'ts hentsx~al'upe'lne-." ta'xzas laats!ena'ze- qaspe'l'ouku. qaoxa 'xe sen umo 'k! se-. qanal'etk!a'mekn~e-'ek qa'aken ye'senwosa-'q!ke- qa'senwok!ame'se-. ta'xas qa'haosaqa'ane-. Ta'xas qahaosaqa'ane. neie te'tqa-t!. baqawa'ase- tebnamu /e-s. 55 qalwe'yne-: "hults!ena'miilts a,'ake- kuts-ycal'u'pe I" qaoxa'xena's ma yaqana'ske-ts bo'use n'uk!kekqa'pse- neis xale'e-sts n'e'kine-. ta'xas ts!ena'xe- neis yaqanaxzame'ske-. qana'xesen umo'k!se-. sktkcl' aq!asnamanamc'Isine* fsts qaosaqa'pse" qaspel'bo-kusts qaoxa'xe ts qa. u'p:ale- neis ksa'osa 'qaps q as60 pe'b'kus. ta'xas manq!anke'me'k nries ak!a-'ame-s. k!u'p--;anaps qaspe'b'okus neis qab'et!uaqkupq!absa'q!se-ts wat!me'te kna'pse-ts xunaqo'une-. ta'xas n'c'pne~ts ta'xas ts!ena'xe- qasp-'[Nos. 52-77. Told by Barniaby] 52. NALmU'QT5E-' I-o 'ya' s, hutscalq ake' ine- yaqal'u'pke- nalmu'qtse- kapapaQ a naqanu'kune- nabmi~qtse-. t a'xas tsxabqawunckf't.se- ktsxa'b' ep naasa'm-ak's ktsxalba'bo-. qabwi'yne*:"ta'xas hubama'at5 ke-ts aa'kek. biyi'e-s ia a'm-ak. ktsxza'bsbqaq!akpnaya'Aatap alka BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 85 were torn. She carried her child. I1 Her husband could not catch 30 her. She started to run, I and he pursued her. He was only bones. He could not run fast. I She got back, and said: "My husband ate his younger brother, I and he intended to bite my son. He is coming." Then I they said: "We will move camp." Some one said: "Who has I1 enough courage to stay and kill him when he comes?" ( Coyote said: 35 "I myself shall stay." I He was told: "Don't." Crane said: "I myself shall I stay." He was told: "That is good." I Then Crane and the wife and son of that man staid. 1 They moved camp, but the three 40 staid there. It was not long before I Crane started. Then the man arrived. There I was nobody left. Two only were there-his wife and his son. When he saw | his wife, he said to her: "Give me the child." She gave it to him. I When he took it, he took hold of it at the two ends and tore it. 11 He thought he would eat it. His wife 45 said to him: "Hand it to me. I shall I go and wash it. The dung is bad." He gave it to his wife. ' The woman took it and carried it down to the water. Then she went behind. I She threw it away. She began to run. She followed (the other people). When I she reached them, she said: "He arrived at the place where we moved camp. [I He has killed his boy." Then Crane was told: I "Go 50 back and kill him." Crane went back. I There was a steep bank. He made a hole for himself. The hole was as long | as his legs. Then he staid there. That man staid there. His wife did not come back: || He 55 thought: "I'll go and kill her." He went in the direction in which she had gone. There was nothing there. Only his son was lying there, I and he ate him. Then he started in the direction in which she had gone. He went along I the steep bank. The trail passed close to the bank, and I Crane staid there. He went there, and did not know that Crane was staying there. II He walked past 60 that hole. Crane saw him. I He stretched out his foot quickly and kicked him over the bank, I and he fell into the water. Then he was dead. Then Crane went off. ( Enough. I [Nos. 52-77. Told by Barnaby] 52. NALMU'QTSE Well, I am going to tell how our grandfather Nalmu'qtse I died. I Nalmu'qtse was crawling about in the water. It was not (to be) long before he was I to die in this world, which was to be without him. He thought: "Now let me give |I names to this land, so that 5 my children may not forget me." I Then he started, and he gave names I to the places of his children. He gave I names to this their 86 86 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 aa 'kik-liye.e'so-s faaS am-a'k!e-s; at qa.owu'kne ncis ke'ikqa-ts at nanu'k,,ne-. tu'xua at qanalso'ukse-. neis nc"nha-ks neists qa'10 nam o 'k!uquna at ka'nuk sel' aqaqa'pse- neis k! almanini'tuks. kqa'na-m mi/ka fl'o'uIo-ps at qananu'kune-. n'u'p.!ane- yamna'kpalIs altsa'atimo's. qous aa'kwok.le'et-s yu'no-'s qous qaha-k!aqomate'tse-. yama'kpa-I sakelsa nilwi 'yne- neis ha'nq!o ' s ness 1-u'tski-ks, ta'xas kts!e'na-m k!anaxa'ka Aeis kqa'nalwa'ha-m 15 k!anaxa'ka; ta'xas k!ome'tskin neis aa'kamana'mes a'ts!po-. k! upya'Ie-s pal se4hotske'ine- ha'nq!o-. t a'xas kqalwi'ynam ktslaO kua',-am, pal n' umctskt'w-e a'ts!po aa"kamana'me-s. laqa'tal' ukaza 'mne-. n' ctk!o',,lne- nu'm-a. ta'i!as kama'atil aa,"kenqo'wa q!a'pe- aq!o-k.lu'pqa. yama'kpalI altsa'atimu lo'use nenko'e-s. 20 ta'xas sa-nelwi'yne-. neis ya-qa'naqa'nuqka'ske- qana'xe- at yaq a'nalwat!mEnuqka'ske-. laqahal'una'xex. ta'xas lats!ka'xeam~a'k!e-s. n'u'pca aqlsma-'kinek!s neis layaqaka'mke- at 'u 'kte-. qous qaaki-lme't.-yne- kianu'kxo-'s qawule.t't.seaa 'ku'q!nuks. ta'xas ke'e-k neis kianu'1qxo's. 25 N'u'p~cane- nets u'meo's haq,,nu'kske- nalmu'qtsins. pal sa'kilsa-ne'lwey yama'kpalI ne-ists k!u'p~ra nejs nut' a'qana-'s. sa-nlckpakta'pse-x n'u'p2.:,,no-ksa'kilhamaa,'tlits faakik.leye'se s naas a/m-a-ks. qalwi'yne-: "hol'u'pil n'ense- hatsa'e-s." qakt'lne *: "ka~ha'tsa-." nulpa'lne- nalmi'qtsin hatsa'e-s. qake'ine*: 30 "4ha'i." qakil'lne-: "hutsxalhe-se'sine'. n'elenq~a'pskilqahwasike'me-k kensa'ke-lat.le'jteqt."y qake'ine- nalmu'qtsini:"ahosofkuilq!u'kune-.'y qakldk'lne-: "malenk!ale'man'."' yama'kpalI xunake'n-e no 'ukuo s n'oqoituake'n-e- aa'ke 'Iwi s kianu 'q:ýo 's. neis k!u'time-'s no',,kwe-s. ta'xas nalmu'qtsin malenk!alma 'n-e. 35 ta'xas yama'kpa-t ts!nal'onme'te- neis atke'lwi-s. pal kEnipk!aqa'qa yama'kpa-1, a,'ake- qaqa' ane- nalmu'qtsin. ta'xas tu:ýCua ktslaxmo 'xus nalmu'qtse-. n' u'px ne- pal selsa nilwinat a'pse- hatsa'e-s. naq! an a'q!,ne me'lne- neiss,,ke'lwe ys, neis luwa>xzamoxu 'n-e nel a,,'ke'lwey. qake'ine- nalmu'qtse-: "e,, 40 kinlqal'at.lite'tinam ktnilwiynana'ke-." m5/ka kselsancelwi~yna'ati-l pa'amik scl'at.hititmu'n-e-o'k!uquna kse'ilkqaats ktsxalha-, ma*' tke-ts a'akik.liye.e'se-s naas a'm-ats. Qakil'lne-: "maats hentsxialqaoxalq!u'mne'ine- na, qa'akilhaq!a'nq-ts!la-'in." luqualqa'kika'ane*: Cmaats hentsxalqunyaxa45 ke'lneo to'ho I na-xqakqa'yqokt'me-k to'ho 1." ta'xas ts!enaqa-' nu'kane-. ta'xas n 'e'nse- neis tsEma'akk!unuq!uwiya',ataps yawo 'unek!s ma'8,ka. Qa~na/xe nabnu''qtse-. qalwi'yne-: "hula'q!malyo'uwo-k kule't! e ka'ame k." t a'xas n'uwo 'kane'. ta'xas tSEma'k! a-legt!50 naot!a'laka'me-k. (pal koqua'ke- kwe'lqa nalmu*'qtse*. neists k!o'wok aa'kiyukwa'e-s woxomu'n-e- aatki~miyit.s neis BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 87 country. He did not arise when he was going about, I but crawled on hands and feet. It was almost the best way, II for there is water 10 now where he crawled along. Therefore the rivers have that width.1 I He crawled along, even where there was much water. He saw Woodpecker and I his brothers sitting in a row on the top of a mountain. I Woodpecker was still angry at Muskrat, who I had lied at the time when the warriors started off, at the time when the warriors went up (to the sky), I| and when Wolverene tore their trail, I and they knew 15 that Muskrat had told a lie. When they wished to come down again, I Wolverene had torn the trail, and they could not go down. ) They shot the thunderbird, and they were given its feathers and I down. There were none for Woodpecker and his brothers. 11 Then they got 20 angry. They went to the place I where the sun goes down, and there they came down and returned I to their country. When they saw the people, as they were going home, I they killed all. Then they saw a mountain goat not far from I a lake, and they ate the goat. II They saw belowNalmu'qtse crawling along. I Woodpecker was still 25 angry; and when he saw the old man, I he hated him. He knew that Nalmu'qtse was still giving names ) to the country. Then he wished to kill his uncle. He said to him: I "Uncle!" Nalmu'qtse heard his nephew. He said: l1 "Hai!" He was told: "I'll give you 30 to eat. Maybe you are hungry on account of your I going about and giving names to the land." Nalmu'qtse said: I "Oh, I am glad!" He was told: "Open your mouth." Woodpecker I put a stone into the fire and put I the hot stone into the heart of the mountain goat. Then Nalmu'qtse opened his mouth, 11 and Woodpecker threw the 35 heart into it. Woodpecker had manitou I power, and Nalmu'qtse was the same way. I When Woodpecker reached him, Nalmu'qtse knew that his nephew was evilly disposed I toward him. He nodded to the heart, and it I fell down on one side. Nalmu'qtse said: ", II you will be named Little Heart." Even though somebody was 40 angry with him, I he gave names to places, because he was walking about this world I in order to give names. I (Woodpecker) was told: "Don't sleep where there is a I thick forest." (Nalmu'qtse) turned around, arid said also: "Don't touch the I charr while it is rolling in the water." Then Nalmu'qtse 45 crawled along in the water, | and there it was where Flicker was swallowed by the I Water Monster. I Nalmu'qtse went along. He thought: "I'll stand up for a while. 1 ['11 stretch myself." He stood up and 11 stretched his back. (I said 50 Nalmu'qtse was large. When I he stood up, his war bonnet touched the sky.) His I war bonnet fell down; and when his hat fell down, I 1That is, the rivers were formed on the trail which he made by crawling along. 88 88 ~~BUREAUJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [3L.5 LBULL.59 aa,'kiyukwa 'e s.) qanaxu 'n e neis yaqanmoxu 'ske a,,k!ayukwa'e-s ncnko'e-s aa'/ke- neis yaqanmoxu'ke-. qake'ine-: "kaas na- qawa:ýamu 'zo ka-k!ayu'kwa k~lqal'atilete'tnam we'tsq,,wat!." 55 ta'xas qanaxu'w~e, a IUP naso'ukue-n nalmi/qtse-. neists na mo,ýu'kue- ktsxa'lPe pts pa'alfle i lao k ue. c'sekMat.le'ite V. Ta'xas hoslhultsxame'lne- ya'aq al'u'pke k-aa'tsi1mi q!a'luk upukamna'la nalmu'qtse. 53. YA.UEIUEE'TKA.,M lElo'yas, hutsxaltsxaneme'lnew yaqalaqa'ake- naso 'ukue n ya.ukue'ika-m ktuna'xa nets pe'k!a-ks. (a) THlE BIRTH OF YA._UK'UE',IKA M Qa-net.a',ne- wa't-ak.- naqa'pse ttte'es qak.la'kse- nilouquatna'nas. at nalq!at!e'ine luiloquatna'na. qake'lne- wa'ta-k 5 tete'e~s: "at maats hentsZaI'e-ku'lne' neia'a~k!a-q. ta'tahenlatka'.Ya-m kaata ketiana'la at hints! e-ku 'Inex" naaqsanmi'yet.s at qaqna-pse Vte 'e es. k! ouk!unmi'yet. s Ia lq! at!e 'ine- nlouquat.. na 'na lawa'xe' nok!unuq!l,,ma'ne- qaiwi' yne-: "ho'yas, hul'e'ikoK1 ina aa' k! aq." n'e ku'I'ne.- qakal' akahe'ise te'tqa-t!s n'ektstinuq10 kena~pse. qafwi'yne- ktsxaltse'lip. nVupI~ale- pal nT'nseaa' kct.lana'me s neis yaq a")2xal'ektselluqkene "Ike-. pa'l siltsukuatafpseo tetqa-t!s. pal sdlhal alitA'tlne * nei te'tqa-t!. qa-'k.le-k aa'kmenuqlu'nuk. qasaqa'ane-. ta'xas at n'ana'se' neis nuIlaqan1a"'e s. k.luma'yit. s naqca'pse- aqa 'It! e s. Va 'xa 15 nei Ika'mu qaP aVe'Ine- ya.ukue'ika-m. qal' ata'pse* tetuC'es ma"es ya.ukue'1ka-m's. ll'Up:allC nej te'tqa~t! ktsxa'I'e-ns naso ~ukue-ns zale 'e' s slaqaqa'~pse kama'atke-ts aa~kek. Ieyee'se-s. Ta'xa aa,'kmenuqlu'nuk naqa'pse- ta'Vews. saha'nse- ta'xa nei tt'tqa-t! at sanilwiynawe'ine-. qal' at~'ne-aa Itquxma'nuks. Va'zxa 20 nei tsa'atimu aa'quxma'nuk nao'k!ue- at saiailwiynawe ine*, nao 'k!ue- nei ktsaqu'na at qasarnlwi'yne. tSEmak!qa'pse~a kclwi'ye-s. Va'xas neists ka'qa ya. ukue'ika m na-qt!oxa'nuk aa' quxma'nuks at nalukuiwit a'kse-. Va'xas ke kq a-ts ya.ukue'ika-m qak.la'pse- ma"e-s: "atensahank!,'k4! aanXo'une 25 x.a'af-le-S 1aa'quLxTfa'luk. Va'xas ptal kensdIwe'Iqa tsenamc'len' neis sancmt.Ia'ane- papa"ne-s. qac'k.Ie-kwa'taks; at tslak'Ine q!a'pe-s lka'm-u's kwe'Iqaps q!a'pe- aqlsma'knek! n'~nse- papa,"e-sts tcte'e-s. n'~'e- katc'te- wa'Va-k. neists hciilaxa'nme-I fl'U'Jýafleis Vs~calqak.le'sine.: 'kapa'pa, kulsdl'u'pcatszcalslak.Ic'/sine*' qo ta 30 hentsqa'akilk.kenq!ule-k." Ta'xas ya.ukue'ikaiil ts!tna'xe- saneV.Ianame'sine. Iaxa 'xeVenawetskce'kine. n'upcane Vte4na'mu's saosaqa'pse sla 'Viyi1'Pronounced continuously: maatintsale *ku lne. BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 89 he also fell. He said when he fell: "The place where I my hat falls is to be called Ear." |I Then the chief fell and died. Nalmu'qtse 55 fell and was nearly dead, and nevertheless I he named one more place. I Now I have told you how Nalmu'qtse, our great-great-grandfather generations back, died. | 53. YA.UKUE'tKA'M Well,I'll tell about Chief Ya.ukue'ika'm, I the Kutenai, long ago. I (a) THE BIRTH OF YA.UKUE'lKA'M Frog was living in a tent. There was her granddaughter, named Young Doe. I Young Doe went picking berries. Frog said to 11 her 5 granddaughter: "Don't go and drink at the water hole in the ice. I When you come into the house, drink here." For a few days I her granddaughter did so. One day Young Doe was picking berries again. I She cameto be thirsty, and thought: "Let me drink I from the water hole." She drank. Then a man put out his hand 11 to pull her 10 into the water. She thought'she would die. She saw, however, there was I a tent where she had been taken into the water. I The man took her and married her. I The name of this man was White Stone. She staid there. j Then her husband went hunting. In the spring of the year she had a child. 1J Then the child was called Ya.ukue'ika-m. His 15 father and I his mother called him Ya.uk"e'ika'm. That man knew that his son would be I a chief, therefore he gave him this name. I Then White Stone had an elder brother. That man was bad. I He was quick-tempered. He was named Gray Stone. Then among these I brothers, Gray Stone, the one, was always angry; I the other, 20 the younger one, was not angry. He had a strong I mind. Then Ya.ukue'ika'm was like stones striking together (?). I Gray Stone made noise inside. Then when he went around, I Ya.ukue'ika-m was told by his mother: II "Your father's brother, Gray Stone, does not 25 feel good when you are here. Now'you are large, go to your I greatgrandmother's tent. Her name is Frog. She loves all I children and all big people who are her grandsons I and her granddaughters. Frog is my grandmother. When you get there and she sees you, I she will say to you: 'My grandchild, let me see you and love you.' II You 30 will always play there." I Then Ya.ukue'ika'm started for the tent. He arrived and I looked in. He saw an old woman I sitting there in the rear with her back 90 90 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY UL.5 [BurL. 59 I a'w-taq anaqna'kse-. n'onc'lne-. pal ktsaqu'na stl' aimakte'tineya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas tsxalsel'ett'n-e- qa'psins quna-kana'iane35 qu'mne"nis neis telna'mu's qa-naaqa'me'k wa'ta-k, atqaq!u'L' mne' ine-. n'uk!unilhats!alIaqa',ane-. n'itxo'ume-k. q!u'mne'ile-. ta'xas tenaxa 'mne- ya.ukue' 1ka-m. ta'xas k.lcnq!u 'lo k. n' u'p'Ya110 ma qak.la'pse- ma"e-s neists kqa'kxa-s. no'une aak.letet! el'se s maYe-s. ta'xas kolenq!o.imu'ive-. kwalkuwa'yit.s lats!40 ena'xe- ma"e s. k.laxa'xam qak.la'pse- ma"e-s: " qa'psin ke'nsiP-ats~eka-'m ma kcnsqaosa'qa n'cn-e papa-"ne-s." qake'ineya. ukue'ika m: "hun'one'lne- n'eseikate'ine, nei tdlna 'mu." n' umatsinata'psee alakn'k!e-s. qak.la'pse-: "taxta-" hentsý:alslakc'lne-. q!a'peo lka'm-u atslake'lne s telnlI'mu's."' qahak.le'itsine45 wa'ta-k nukunu~zs"mne% n'f''Pý:afl k!aaqale'e-t.s nois a'qla-'s aa'ket.la'e-s. tseika'te pal n'ula'se lIka'moau's. qake' ine: "ha 'ksa, kate'te-, kapa'pa, klswa-'ka-m koa'qalq!u'mne'imiL." Kanmi'yct.s a'atke- lats!na'xe- ya.ukue'ikam. neists k!u'pza kalikina'atits lka'mir's wa'ta-k. Itqa.u'pý:ane- qa 'psins ne'n' cns,50 sel'aqake'ine- kapa-'pa katc'te-." ta'xas n'etke'we- t!awue'se-s na'hekinanae'se-s. peske'nwe. qalwi'yne: "pal kostlq!u'mno "me-l neists ktka'xa-'m. rra'pit a'a,'ke- hulaq!u'mne"mil tka'xa-m, ta'xas kuts!u'p~ca qa'psin n'~ne." sl'aqaqa'psek!asq ana'qaps k e 'tkin k.lenqo'imo-'s. qaosaqa'ane- wa'ta-k 55 nats!alaqa'ane- n'ctxo'me-k q!u'mne 'ine*. a'a'ke- lao-la'seya. ukue 'ika-ms sdl'a'qal aq!u'mne'ine-. tenaxa'mne- ya. ukue'ikam flU'PaflO saakesqa'pse t!awuna'na's nakna 'na's. mifiya'x ne* neiss tawuna'na's pal a'a~ke- n'etke'nse- tsa'atsas. ta'xas tsukua'te- neis t!awuna 'na's. n' anaxa"mine. ta-'xas me't60 X.aflO neis tsa'atsas. tuwo-'xa kwalk-wa'yit.s q Iapnuq fumok!o'uneo neis tsa'Jtsas. latnalkc'jre. lats!tna'ce- no'kunoxa"mne- wa'ta-k. tseika'te* neis ma ke'itken sla-tq!a'nse- neis nahekina'na's. neis t awuna'na's skcknoq!ume'sex fl'u'P2.Call pal n'~nse- netstahalna 'na's. qake'ine.: "ha-'ksa kapa-'pa kapa-'pa. k.le'wa-m ka-, 65 aqalwul-ee'tsme{l" kanmi'yet.s qalwi'yne-: "mte'ka honats!ala'aqa. maats kutsq!u"mne-." la.etkc'n-e tsa'atsas. lapeskc'n-e. n'etxo'ume-k. qalwi'yne-: "holakqa'p'mw-l." qaoca'xe- ya.ukuelika-m. tcnawctskc'lne. pal sla-tkik.le'itse- neis telna 'mu's. qalwi-'yne-: "pal ksi-lq!u,"mnew." ta'xas tenaxa"mne*. tsukua'te" P70 neis t!awuna'na's faa'ke- neis tsa'atsas. ta'xas tsxaltsid' analkt'nse- tsxalk.lenq!o'imo-s: ii' u pane- wa'ta-k. sukunohu's-e aatkuqla'nt!e'se-s nejs lka'm-u's so'ukuse-. mitiya'2afl eE; tsenke'ne. qakt'lne-: "ha-'ksa, kapa-'pa, kapa-'pa." qak.la'pse-: "taxa-'s peske'no-." ta'xas n'anaxa" mse-. ta'x s 75 me't~cnco tsa'atsas ya.ukue'1ka-m. ta'xas wa'ta-k ak!e'se~s n'ttke'n-e- aa'tke- tsa'atsas. ta'xas pal kslu'p:ý,naps ya-ukue'kca-m ibis telna'mu's. ta'xas qaosaqa'ane p al ksak,; .BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 91 toward the door. He was afraid. I Ya.ukue'ika'm was small, two years old. Then he was going to throw something, to throw I sleep 35 into the old woman. Frog was sitting there, and did not sleep. I She became sleepy and lay down. She slept. I Then Ya.ukue'ika'm entered. He began to play. I He knew; for his mother had told him, how she was. He knew the belongings I of his mother. Then he played with them in the evening and went j1 back tohis mother. When 40 he arrived, his mother said to him: "Why do you I come back? You ought to stay with your grandmother'." Ya.ukue'ikam said: I "Iwas afraid; that old woman looks terrible." I His parents laughed at him. They said to him: "Later you will love her. I All children like that old woman." Frog was asleep. 1I She arose and saw that the inside 45 of her tent.looked strange. I She looked, and she found out a child had been there. She said: " Oh, my grandchild, my grandchild has arrived, and therefore I slept." In the morning Ya.ukue'ika'm started again, and Frog saw I the evidence of a child having been there. "Nobody knows whether I1 it is my grandson or my granddaughter." Therefore she made a50 bow and I a little basket. She put them down. She thought: "I was asleep I when he came in. If I should go to sleep again, when I he comes back I'll know what it is." That was the reason why I she made the two kinds of toys. Frog was II sleepy. She lay down and 55 slept. Again I Ya.ukue'ika'm came in. Therefore she went to sleep again. I Ya.ukue'ika-m entered. He looked, and there was the little bow and the little basket. 1 He ran for the little bow. She had also made two figures of deer (of grass). I Then he took the little bow and went out. He shot [( at the figure of the deer. When it was almost 60 evening, I the figure of the deer was torn to pieces. He carried it in again and went back. Frog arose. I She looked at what she had made, and the little basket was hanging there. I The little bow was lying there. It was broken. Then she knew that her grandchild was I a boy. She said: "0 grandson, grandson! He must have come while II I was sound asleep." On the following morning 65 she thought: "Even if I do I feel sleepy, I'll not go to sleep." She made a figure of a deer (of grass) and put it down. I She lay down. She thought: "Let me lie down again." There was I Ya.ukue'ika-m. He looked in, and the old woman was asleep. I He thought: "She is sleeping." Then he entered. He took I[ the little 70 bow and the figure of the deer. Then he carried I them out. He was about to play with them. Frog saw him. His clothing was I bright red. The child was good-looking. She ran for him I and took him. She said to him: "O grandchild, grandchild!" I He said to her: "Let me go!" Then Ya.ukue'ika'm went out and J shot at the figure. 75 Frog had made an-arrow I and the figure of a deer. Then 1 Ya.uk"e'ika'm was seen by the old woman; and he staid there, on the pil 92 92 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 Ia' "mxo's ma,"e '5. ta'yas wa'ta 'k suk.lekirnate'tiiae' aa~kEMO' xo.e'se's papa'e's. n'U'pq~ane' neis ksuku'qla'ns. slaqaqa'pse80 ktsEma 'k!ilsuk.Ickjna 'ate-t, aa kEmoXo 'cse 'S ya. ukue' ika 'is. (b) YA.UJKuEfiKAM 'OBTAINS ARROW WOOD Ta-'xas weiqa'ane' ya.ukuei'ka-m: qalwi'yne': "qa'psin hul'e-'tke'n?" neis pc'k!a'ks lo',,ne' sq~lu'm'o' nia's yeslee'tske'. tsen-ok!keke.lce't.se- yaki'Iaqa~a-ke'. o'k!quna kqawunc'ki't.s ka'qa ya.ukue'ika-msl'aqalqa.u'p-,rane' na's a'm-a'ks. qake-'ilne': 85 "hya la'qaa'k!,wo'k hul'e-'tkenka'ak!.." nets pt'k!a'ks atn's'n'e' a'k! sq!u'm-o- aa'k!uwokua/e5s, pal ke'1lo'us sel'a*qa'ke 'ine' ya.ukue'ika-m. qake-'ine' wa'ta-k: "ha,-'ksa, kapa-'pa, kapa' 'pa, ilqa'ha-ks qa-'kilhaqa'ane' a'k!,,wo-k at qac'oxalupjna'm' nenaya'xal a'k!wo 'k n' esenkikiwetske'lne' k.la'wla neis a'k!wo'ks. 90 qa'la laxaya'xa at n'et!xana'pse' k~la'wla's." ta'xas ts!ena'xe' ya.uk-ue'ika-m. laxa'xe' sawasaqa'pse' n' a'se- qaspe'l'uks at t! alo'ukse' n'upxa'ka's. ta'xas at n'u'PY*.ane* k.la'wla kskaxa'm'e-s k! u'P-ý,anaps qaspe'l'uks ya.uklle'ika'in qalwi'yse' ktsxzalt!a'luks. qakc'lne-: " a- maats t~sxana'atki-l k-la'wlao taxta" 95 hulaqa'ham hentstsxanatke'lne-." laats!ena-'xe'. nVuP--ane' n a -' se- kianle'k!xo-s, qalwi'yse- ktscalt! a'oks. qake'lne': "maats tsxana' atki'1. taxt a" hulaqa'ham he' 'ntsZa'natke'lne-." laots!cna/'ze*. nyu'p.ýane- ' Ia 'se' se'n'a" s. qalwi'yse- ktsxalt!a'lo,,ks qake'lne': "maats t!alo'ukue-l." ta,'xasya.ukue'jka'm llUP:Fafle' 100 sq!u'm'o-'s sukuakate'1see. ta'xas tsukua'te- a'k!uwo'ks yunaqa'pse-. ta'xas q a'pe's a'm-a'ks qawaxanic'te-. qake'ine': "taxta"' pal ktseyuna'q'wo-m na a'moa'k xma, ktsqa'qa tsen xma kts!u'k kek.Ie-'et-s am-a'k! es sq!u'm'oo." ta'xas q! a'pe-'s a'm-a-ks at silhaqa'ane- sq!u'm'o-. n'ola'n'e- ya.ukue'ika-m. 105 Ta'xas nalaxo'une' neis a'k!uwo'uks. lats!etna'xe'. lalaxa'xekune-. nulpa'lne- k.la'wla se'n'a's, qake'ine': `"'y, 'ya, qa'psin ksel'aqo'lqalukulmi 'yit?" qawuni 'ke't. se' a'a' ke' t!alo',,kune. kianke'k!xo'. a'a'ke' laqake'ine- k.Ia'wla qa'wunike't~se- t!alo'u110 kune' qaspe'I'uk a'a'ke Iaqake'ine' k.la'wla. qake'Ine- alaqa'lt!e-s: nuf'pxays Ialo'use- sq!u'm'o "s aaliuwokua. e'se s. qakila'pse': "lalo'une- sq!u'm '0'." sa'nilwi'yne- k.la'wla. nawasxo'niiek. 115 k.la'wla's aa'ku'qla-'s. qanazxa "mine'. n'enqa'pte'k k.Ia'wla's. n' anaxa"mne' latekirne 'tiya'xane' alaqa'It!e 's. la'ntaoxakesink!ata'kse'. qake'Ine': "'koa-'qaka'tel?" qak.Ia'pse': "ni'n'cs e 'kate"ne'." ta'xas la-'naxa"mne- k.Ia'wla. tseikat.Ie'k!ne'. n'up:&fLne' n' esenh'kse' ya.ukue'ika'ms. nulpain~ite'tine' kula'k.le-'s nets BOAs] KUTENAI TALES 93 low of I his mother. Frog made a good place I for her grandson to sit down on. She knew that he had good clothing. Therefore she made I[ a really good place for Ya.ukue'ika'm to sit down. 80 (b) YA.UKUE'IKA'M OBTAINS ARROW WOOD Now, Ya.ukue'ika'm was growing up. He thought: "What shall I do?" Long ago there were no service berries in this world. I There was just one place where there were some. Because it was not long I since Ya.ukue'ika'm was born, therefore he did not know this world. He said: |I "Hya! I wish there might be some arrow wood! Then 85 I might make arrows." Long ago I arrows were made of serviceberry shoots. There were none. Therefore I Ya.ukue'ika'm said so. Frog said: "0 grandchild, grandchild! I far away there is arrow wood. Those who go to get arrow wood die there. Grizzly Bear watches the arrow wood. 11 Whoever goes to get it, is bitten by 90 Grizzly Bear." Then I Ya.ukue'ika'm started. He arrived where two Cranes I made a noise when they saw anybody. Then Grizzly Bear knew I that somebody was coming. When the Cranes saw Ya.ukue'ika-m, they wanted I to make noise. He said to them: "Oh, don't tell Grizzly Bear! I[ When I pass again, then you may tell him." 95 He started again, and saw two I Marmots. They intended to whistle. He said to them: "Don't I talk now! Later on, when I pass again, you may talk." I He started again, and saw two Beavers. They intended to make a noise. I He said to them: "Don't make a noise!" Then Ya.uk"e'ika'm saw II plenty of service berries. He took much 100 arrow wood. I He threw it all over the country. He said: "By andby there will be many people in this world. It would not be right if service berries were I only in one place in the world." Then there were I service berries in every country. It was he, Ya.ukue'ika-m, who did it. || Then he put the arrow wood on his back. He started back, and 105 came toI Beaver. He said to him: "Now tell Grizzly Bear." Then (Beaver) made Ia noise. Grizzly Bear heard Beaver. He said: "Ya, y!-what does it mean? | I hear noise going back." After a little while ] the Marmots also made noise, and Grizzly Bear said so again. After a little while 11 the Cranes made a noise, and Grizzly 110 Bear spoke again. He told his children: I "Go out (to see) what has been done!" His children went out, and I they saw there were no more service-berry bushes. They said: I "There are no more serviceberry bushes." Then Grizzly Bear. became angry. He sang.] He took his coat. The coat of II Grizzly Bear is a skin. He put 115 it on and became a grizzly bear. He went out and jumped near his children. The two (children) jumped back. He said to them: "How do look? " Hewastold: "You look terrible." Then Grizzly Bear went out. He looked at the tracks, and he saw I that it was Ya.ukue'ika'm. He had heard that I1 the youth had grown up and 120 94 BUREAU OF' AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 120 ta 'hals ktsxa 'I'ens naso '1kwe-ns. ta 'xas sa iiilwiyna'ate-. ta,'xas ts!ena'xe uneis layav'qaua'ske-. laxa'xe sc'va-'s. -qake'lno-: "4kaa kina 'qakiua'pke-l kenselqa. up-ya'ke I nak.lqaha'xzam-2" qak.la-'pse-: "hoq!u'mne 'nala'ane-." lahats!ma'xe- 1axa'xe* kianke'k! xo-'s. qakc'lne-: "kaa kcn' a'qaqna'pke-l kmnsdq a.up125 xa'keIl nak.lqaha'xa'm 3" qak.la'pse-: "hoq!u'mne-nala',nehosulqa. U'p-ýallnal'afl4." lahats!ena 'xe. laxa'xe- qaspe '1'uks. qakc'lne-: "kaa ken' a*'qana'pke 1 kenselqa. upqca'ki I naqiqaha'-- xa'mi." qakila'pse-: "nei ma kskH-la1'ni'kit hoq!u'nne-nala'ane' hosel'a'qalqa.up~Za-nala'anre.-" qakc'lne-: "taxta-' honul!e't!xa 130 ya. ukue/1ka m hola'wa-m hutsxal'upleske 'lne.." sla'tiyil' aqanetsa'pse- neis elwat!na"e-s. taxa nei alswu'timu qalspe'l'uk no 'hune- neis ke 'e-ns ya. ukue '1ka ms si' aqal' o~ne'lne-. ta'xas k.la-'wla ts!enanu'te- ya. ukuefika-ms. ta'xas n'u 'p-1ane- ya. ukue'i-. ka-in k!u'pska-s k.la'wlas ktsxal'u'plaps. n'etke'n-e- npe'k! a-'s. 135 qatal-axanx~ona'pse-. n'itkc'e-n aa'qanql!iyumze'n-as. ta'zxas q!awats!e'nme k k.la-'wla. qalwi'yne- ya.ukle'ika-m: "4ka,, hula'a-qa'o&4am lqa'tal' c-t! nap k.la'wla 3" qalwi'yne-: holats!ena'milI ka'ma--. ma ksa'han ka'xa aa'quxma'nuk." ta'xas lalaxa'xe- ya.ukuefika-m ma,"e s. qake'1ne-: "skanuta 'Pane 140 k. la'fwla."I aat quzm a'nuk qake'ine-: "hA:," n'owo'kune- aa'quxma'nuk. nawasxio'ume~k. n'etke'n-e-nLbpe'k!a-'s. qake'ine-: "hutspal'upe'lne- k.la'wla." ta'xas n'enqa'pte-k nofukue-s aa'quxma'nuk. ta'xas tsukualte- t!ena'mu's q! apd~ts! aqa'me-k. la'welil'ilkule'sine. nI * o'me k neis aq! a'saks aa,'kcnq!u'kups. qawune145 k'e't.se- ta'xas laxa'xe- k.la'wla. qake'inew, 4o-k!uenke'nkil1 laqtanxo'una 1." qake'lnae ya.ukue'ika ms: ~qoquawei'sqany a'ku'q!yuk!alaxwe'et." ta'xas wa 'xe- k.la'wla. fl'U'P.a ya.ukue'ika ms sawesq a'pse- ne is caaku'q! yuk! alaziwe'et. s. qake'ine khl'wla: "ha', k.lseilhonmela'k.le- ya.ukue'ika-mn na150 soIukue nts kutsxal' o'pi I." ta'xas aa'quxma'nuk n' owou'kune-. lats neis luqualitxofume-k pal k!enqa'pte-k nofukue-s. ta-'xas sel'u'timeku'me-k. tsEma'k! el'u'"time- tsxalt!anoko',,ne-. ta,'xas k.h-,'wla qake'ine-: "hoya'sults! o'pin'laa'teqleltani'-yat ya.uikue&1ka-m naso'ukue-n."~ ta'xas-mitiya'ý:ane% n'e't!xne-. aa'qux155 ma'nuk neis loxaq!ana'q!anine'lne- ya.ukue/ika-ms neis loa'q!mawesqa 'ane `faa'ko'q!yuk! alaxawee-ts ya.ukue'ika.m. ta'xas pa-l kts!opna'qlil k.la'wla. n'c't!XaneC sq!amawe'tsx,,ne a-ma'le-t.s. minanaqle'lne-,pal n'e'nse a~ma'lc-ts neiskawe'tsixa. tseika 'te ya. ukue 'ika ms neis lone'k!q!yok! alaxwe'e t.s swesqa'pse-. 160 qake-'ine, k.la'wla: "'ho'yas, holtsleo'pinlaateqlelb.-ani'iyat ya.ukue'ika-m naso'tukue-n."~ ta'xas a'a'ke la,,.e't!x~ne-. aa'quxma' - nuk l 1natscn1so 1" t-"Av 1aq'ana-vnne'neya.ukuIe'L-ka *ns"o nets lo aq1!--%-c BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 95 that he was to be a chief. Then he was angry at him. Then I he started after the one who was going back. He came to the Beavers. He said to them: I "What have you done to me? Why did you not know that somebody passed by?" He was told: "We were asleep." He went on, and he came to I the Marmots. He said to them: "What have you done to me? Why didn't you I know that somebody passed 125 by?" He was told: "We were asleep, I therefore we did not know." He went on, and he came to the Cranes. I He said to them: "What have you done to me? Why did you not know that somebody passed by?" I They said: "There was a snowstorm at that time, and we were asleep. I Therefore we did not know." He said to them: "After I have bitten II Ya.ukue'ika'm, I'll come back and I'll kill you." 130 His servants were fooling him. I Then those friends the Cranes I knew it was Ya.ukue'ika-m. Therefore they were afraid of him. Then I Grizzly Bear pursued Ya.ukue'ika'm. Then Ya.ukue'ika-m knew that Grizzly Bear I was coming to kill him. He called his manitou, I and Bear could not catchup with him. He made a hill. Then Grizzly 135 Bear I became tired. Ya.ukue'ika'm thought: "Where I shall Igo so that Grizzly Bear can not bite me?" He thought: "I'll I go back to my mother, but my uncle Gray Stone is bad." Then I Ya.ukue'ika'm came to his mother. He said: "Grizzly Bear I| is pursuing me." 140 Then Gray Stone said: "H6!" I Gray Stone arose. He sang. He called his manitou, and he said: "I shall I kill the Grizzly Bear." Then Gray Stone became stone. |.He took grease and rubbed himself all over. I A large fire was made. He lay down near the fire. It was not long II before Grizzly Bear arrived. He said: "Open I the 145 door!" Theysaid toYa.ukue'ika'm: "Stand there by I the doorway." Then Grizzly Bear arrived. He saw | Ya.ukue'ika'm standing there by the doorway. I Grizzly Bear said: "HA! Chief Ya.ukue'ika'm is a full-grown man. II I shall kill him." Then Gray Stone arose and I lay 150 down the other way. He became stone. I He heated himself by the fire. He became very hot, and was about to burst from the heat. Then I Grizzly Bear said: "Well, I'll close my eyes. I will bite Chief I Ya.ukue'ika'm." Then he attacked him. He bit him. II Gray Stone 155 made signs to Ya.ukue'ika-m, who I (then) stood a little to the other side of the doorway. I Grizzly Bear had his eyes shut when he bit him, and he stood biting the post. I He opened his eyes and had the post in his mouth. I He looked at Ya.ukue'ika-m. He stood on the other side of the doorway. II Grizzly Bear said: 160 "Well, I'll close my eyes and bite | Chief Ya.ukue'ika'm." Then he bit again. Gray Stone just made a sign to Ya.ukue'ika'm, who I jumped to the other side. Grizzly Bear opened his eyes, and he stood there biting the doorway. He looked I for Ya.ukue'ika-'m who was standing on the other side. 1I Now Gray 165 C)C0 000 -CDCD (,D C CDPD.1. C"+- W ~~p CD CD CD - Z 00 CD C ~ C ~ - -. ~ p.CD - -F CDC p CD~ ~4 p BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 97 Stone had become very hot. Grizzly Bear said: I"I'll watch and bite Chief Ya.uk"e'ika'm." I Then Grizzly Bear opened his mouth, and Gray Stone I burst from the heat.1 He flew into the mouth of Grizzly Bear. | Gray Stone went right through him, and came out II at 170 his backside. Then Grizzly Bear fell back. I Gray Stone rolled himself about and said: I "I have soiled my flesh." Thus Grizzly Bear was killed. Then I Grizzly Bear was changed into a grizzly bear. He was not a person I when he started from the tent. Then he changed into a grizzly bear, I[ and he remained a grizzly bear when Gray Stone 175 had killed him. I He was no longer a man. I Chief Ya.ukue'ika'm stood there. He thought: "My uncle Gray Stone is skillful. I He killed the grizzly bear. If it had not been for Gray I Stone, Grizzly Bear would have killed me." Ya.ukue'ika'm thought: 11 "Well, let me see my grandmother Frog. What may she 180 do I if I go back to her tent?" He said: "Well, cut off the head of I the grizzly bear. I'll drag it to my grandmother Frog. What I may she do for me?" Then the head of the grizzly bear and its paws I were cut off. Ya.ukue'ika-m dragged it along. He entered his grandmother's I tent. He said to her: "Grandmother, Grizzly Bear is 185 pursuing me." Frog said: 1 "0 grandson, grandson! what can I do for you? I What am I? Why do you come back to me? I You should go back to your parents. Your uncle I Gray Stone is very skillful. He ought to kill Grizzly Bear." Frog arose. I She sang(?). She 190 took red paint alid painted her legs. I She took a sharp flat stone and put it up by the doorway. I She took her hammer and stood ready to strike Grizzly Bear. Frog did not I see the rawhide strap with which Ya.ukue'ika'm was dragging the head. [ (The head) was lying in the doorway. When Ya.ukue'ika-m 11 saw his grandmother 195 ready (to strike), he pulled the strap. Then the grizzly-bear head dropped down under the door. I Grizzly Bear put his nose into the tent. Then Frog saw I Grizzly Bear put in his head where the flat stone lay. I Almost the whole head of Grizzly Bear came in. Frog thought: 1I "The head might jump at my grandson," I and she struck 200 the grizzly-bear head. i When Frog was striking it, Ya.ukue'1ka'm pulled hard at I the strap and pulled the grizzly-bear head in. Just then Frog I struck it and hit her flat stone. She broke II the flat stone. 205 Then Frog saw that her grandson ] was fooling her. She cried because I her grandson had done some damage. Therefore she cried. I 1 Here the narrator indicated the flying about of the stone by clapping his hands. 85543~-Bull. 59-18-----7 98 98 ~~BUREAUT OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 (C) YA.UKUE'IKKM OBTAINS FEATHERS Ta'xas qao'saqa'ane- ya. ukue-'ika m. qake'irne: "la'q-a aa,,kenqo'wa hul'etkaxne'lik." qake'ine- wa'ta-k: "~n'dqailaqa',,ne ae 210 kenqo-'wa neis sakq!alu-'kane- sakelhaqa',.ne- kia'q!la lu'w-qo-'s, at qa'halhaqa'ane- at qa-upka'xex. yakaya'xa aa,'kenqo-'wa's at tsen tsu~kuqke'n'e' neis a,'q!a'so-ks, at qa-hala~qa-'ane- aatkcnqo-'wa n'e'nse- k-lunqowa'>xo- kia'q!la." ta'xas ya.ukue'ika-m ts!ena'xe-. k.la'xa'm nalke'w-e a 'ku'k!upma-k!s. fl'Up23aIIeE 215 pal tsEmak!kc'kse- papa'e-s lo'w-qo-'s qailaqa'pse- kia'q!la's. ta'xa n'c'ne- qo kwe'lqa wu'o neis yaqaoxa'mke- ya.ukue'ika-m qo 's avq a'so us. qahanqa'me-k. qaa'lo~qalnu'k!une. kia'q!1a's. II U,'P-afle- na')s a f.qa't!aks pal n'uk!wilsla hatqa'nwisqu'kse-, Inc'ksa-n qo's kiyunaa'qaps welka'nilpalnezu'se- k.lenq!u'kse-. 220 fl'UP.-allC nei k!o'"k!ue kia'q!la neis aatql!a'sq!nuks te'tqa-t!s sla-hateqw'tse-. ta'xas n'esakinu'se-. sukunusxu'se- at qa.u'pT.aflC neis tc'tqa-t!s. pal at k!upsla-tiyil-axaya'xal aa'kenqo'wa. sl'aqaqa'pse-kqao'ho-ne1 kia'q!la neis t'tqa-t!s. qake'ineya,. ukue/ika-m, qake'lne- neis k!o-'k!ue-'s kia'qla's: "haql!mal'225 u'pka-n'." qalwi'yne- nei kia'q!la: "lents!upla'pine. qatal'upa'xe-. qake'ine- ya.ukue'ika-m: "maats one'1o. hutsxalqa.uple'sine% hutsxal' etkine'sine-. nentsxa Klso'ukune*." ta'xas n' upa'xe- nei kia'q!la. n'upý:ane- tsenla-kate'ise* neis nctsta'hals. qak.la'pse-: "hutszxaltsukua 'te aakenqowa"ne-s. hunaltso I',kwa-t 230 hutsxal'iteinmakanele 'sine'."I ta'xas qalwi'yne- nei kia'q!la: "4pal kselsuku'qla'nt naa,nctsta'hal. naqa'ntscalsukI~enmakane'la-p." qake'Ine: "ho'yas tsukua'te-n'." ta'tas ya.ukue'ika-m lu'ynte- aa'kcnqowa.e'se-s neis kia'q!la's. kulq!a' pil-o'une't. ta'xas tsukua'te- aa'kuk!pma-k!s ya.ukue 'ika-m. ta'xas t!apts!a'ante* 235 neis yaqake~ikal-ukue 'nke a'tkenqowa. e'ses. qake'lne-: "ta'xa lu'n-u lahulu'q-ue-n'." ta'xas nei kia'q!la lahulu'qune- qo';s a:nlu'nqo-'s. qake'lne-: "ho'yas, nei qalwanwe't!e-n'. " ta'xas kia'q!la nit!na'kcswe't!ine- neis qalwanwe't!ine-. tse-nlakate'ise a,>kenqowa'e-s. ta'x qo -kiyuna'qa kia'q!la fl'UP allC- qo's liana'240 qanake'ske* te'tqa-t!s. qo's k!o'Nk!uil'elqawesqo'kues sa'q.Tal' opa 'qse-. n' U'PaflC. k.laqank.la'pse-s qo's tc'tqa-t!s k!u'pa-'s. ta'zxas k-lats!e'ka-s nas a:nlo'niqo-'s n'uP~ane- wanwe't!se-. qe'w-a tsen*Ia kate '1se. h'r, ne' sts k. laho'loqs ya. ukue 'ika-m qakc'lne-: "laqoname 'le n' qo aa, kenek!namo "ne s. tsxal'upka'ixe'. na-sts yaqaqa'a245 ke- ku.etke'n-es q!a'pe- hutsxalqal'etke'n-e." ta'xas k.lala 'xa' m aa'kenek!namu "e-s me'tsu-k. ta'xa ne, ko 1'etke'naps ya.ukue'ika-ms. qal' ate 'lne- me'tsw-k. k.lala'xa'm qo's yaqa'halyunaqa 'psko- kia'q!l's, n'up):ýana'pse- yaqa"'qa'pske- a,'kenquwa"e-s lalo ',so- n' ak.la-na'qapqa'psce so'ukso-. qake 'ine- me'tsu'k: "tsei250 kata'pki-I kaa koa-qa'q a." qakile'ne-: " nentse'nlakat~inu'n-e en kqaakelha'qa aa'kwet!ne'simiil." qak.le'lne-: "ho'yas nei qaiwan BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 99 (c) YA.UKUE'lKA'M OBTAINS FEATHERS Then Ya.ukue'ika'm staid there. He said: "If there were I feathers, I should feather my arrow." Frog said: "There are I1 feathers 210 far off. There is a lake, and there are some ducks way out on the lake. I They stay there and do not come ashore. Those who go to get feathers I just pick them up along the shore. I The feathers are there. They come off from the ducks." Then Ya.uk"e'ika'm I started. When he arrived there, he carried ear ornaments. He discovered that his grandmother II had spoken the truth. Way out on the lake 215 were some ducks. I It was a large (body of) water. Then Ya.ukue'ika*m I went to the shore and sat down. He did not know how to get the ducks. I He saw one there swimming not far away; I but many ducks were making a noise with their mouths, playing. |I One Duck 220 saw the man I walking along the shore. Then (Ya-ukue'ika'm) sat down. He was bright red. The Duck had never seen I a man. They always went to get feathers on shore. I Therefore the Duck did not know (what) a man (was). I Ya.ukue'ika'm said to the one Duck: "Come ashore for a while." II Duck thought: "He might kill me," and 225 did not come ashore. I Ya.ukue'ika'm said: "Don't be afraid of me, I won't kill I you. I will make you (look) nice. You willbe handsome." I Then Duck came ashore. It saw that the youth looked nice. i He said to Duck: "I'll take your feathers. When I have taken them, II I'll pay 230 you for them." Then Duck thought: "This youth I is well dressed. Maybe he will reward me well." I He said: "Well, take them!" Then Ya.ukue'ika-m I plucked out the feathers of the Duck. He took them all off. Then Ya.ukue'ika'm took the ear ornament and stuck it on 11 where he had plucked off the feathers. He said: 235 "Now I go, swim away!" Then Duck swam away there, I far out to sea. (Ya.ukue'ika-m) said (to Duck): " Well, move your wings!" Then I the Duck stretched out its wings and moved them. I Its feathers looked pretty. Then many ducks saw the man sitting there away off. JI That one floating about alone started to swiln 240 ashore. I They knew that -the man must have called it ashore. I When they saw it coming back, farther out to sea, they saw it spreading its wings. Oh, I they were pretty, ha! When (the Duck) began to swim back, Ya.ukue'ika'm said to it: | "Go back there to your relatives! They shall come ashore. I'll make them all (look) in the same way (1 in which I made you." Then, when (the 2 5 diver') came back I to its relatives,after it had been finished by Ya.ukue'ika'm, I it was called Diver. When it arrived back where the many ducks were, I they saw how its feathers were. I It had pretty new ones. Diver said: |I "Look at me, how I am!" They said to 250 him: "You look pretty on account of the things that are on I your wings." HIe was told: "Go on, move your wings!" I Then Diver 1 The duck had been transformed into a diver called mitsuk, smaller than a loon, with a lqif.siender neck, white belly, and dark back, " ^: 100 100 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.9 [BULL. 59 so'ukse-. qake'ine me'tsw-k: "qake'1ne- qo netsta'hal, kcnl'upame 'Iki na sts ya'xqal'itkjna 'pke-, a'a'ke ts~alqal'Atk255 neskc'ne." ta'xas q!a'pkiý kia'q!la u'upa'xew. ta'xas ya.ukuefika-m lokut'ne a atknqowa.e~se s q!a 'pes. qakc'lne: "ta'xas lahulqa'atskii1, kenla'k.kenq!o'yki 1. na's ts.:alqaqa'ane. ts!up'na 'kot tsxal awuqua'ane- aa' kenqowane 'ski-1. luma 'yit.s tsxal aluxu'n-e. laa'k!la-k at tsxal-aka'lakie'1ine*." ta'xas qakc'lae260 kia'q!la's: "ta'zxas atinholnoxokui~ne-. suk~Aee'tine- nei c'nta. q!a'pe- naqa'ane a 'koq!nuk na ycslee'tke- a'ttntsq!apilkqa-- tskc 'Ine-. taxta'f ts!upna'ko-t atmntslawakt 'Ine- na- am-akine'ski-I m-e'ksa-'n qo elqa'ha-k at n'esqa't!le.e'tjnex." ta'xas laholqa'f atSeo kia'q!la. sukuilq!u'k,,ne ksukuil'itkine'ktsaps ya.ukue-' 265 ikasms. ta'xas tseikatafmne* pal q!a'peo so'ukse aa'kenqowa" e s aaku'k!pma k!s. ta 'xas ya. ukue '1ka m tsukua'teo aa'kenqo'was, lats!ena'xe-. ta'zxas sel'etke'new ya.ukue'ika-m na's ycsle.t't.ske' at sclq!ape-laqa',,ane kia'q!la aa,'qsu'k!uitna~mo's. neis pe'k!a-ks kia'q!la at qa.upka'xe- qo's kwce'lqaps wu'o-s. lalaxa'xe- aa'kct..270 la'e-s yai.ukue'ika~m. (d) Y-A.UK'TE'KAM1% OBTAINS THE ARROW STRAIGHTENER Qaosaqa'ane-. qake'ine-: "la'qa- koapeswouk!onc'lmo-." qake'ine- wa'ta-k: "Io'11ne- at qa'o~cal'upna'mne- ya-keil'aqa,'akea'pe swok!ont 'Imo 1. n'isenkikelke'n-e kwc'lqle-; at qaoxa'qal'opelka'ane- laxa'yaxa'le s." ts!cna'xe- ya. ukue'ika-m. qalwi'yneo: 275 "hults!ena 'm, me ' ka n' u 'plap kaha'tsa." n'e'nse aktskc'l'eos ma.c'se-s ya~ukue'ika-ms kwe'lqle-. laxa'xe- sanwet.laname'sine-. tinaxa"Inne-. sanaqana'kse- nul'a'qana's wuq!la"nise-. ta-'xa nel nul'a 'qana neists k!eseilwu'q!la'm scl'aqal' ate'lne k-we-'lqle's. qake'ine- kwt-'lqle-: "qa'psin ke'n'ojt?" qake'ine- ya.ukue'ika-m: 280 "hun'o'ute a-peswouk!o'unail." qake'ine- kwc'lqle-: "lo'une- nas kaket.la"miPI qo's le'ines a,,,kenmc'tuks saq!a'n-e. hutsxal' aiqa'na'nte'sine-." ta'xas n'alqana"nte-. neists kts!c'ka'lm ya.ukue'ika-m papa"e-s tsxane-ta'pse- tsxalyaqakna'pske- neis nhl'a'qana's tsxalyaqake'n ke-. ta'xas neis k!alqana "iltaps qak. la'pse': 285 "ta'xa lu'ivu. en qa'nalyu'uxuan' es a:nlu'n-us saq!a'n-e hntsxaltskalke'n-e." ta'xas n'u'px ne- ya.ukue'ika-m ta'xas kts!u'plaps, yo-xa'ye- qo's a:nqa-na'xe-. layu.Tua'xe-. tseika'te neis naul'a'q,,na-'s pal sel-aho iqu'lse- qo's qayaqa'wo 's. tsukuaftseqa'psins. ncle kxaqke'nso. wanuqke 'usex. nawascuna'kse-. 290 qakc-kse-: j jid j W j.11. "Cal- qan- me-'- nit- ka'- na- we- he he- ha he he ha." laoqo-'>aqke'nse-. ta'xas lats!cnaqu'lsex. ta'xas ya.ukue'ika-m toAS]I KTJTENAI TALE 101 moved his wings, and they saw that he looked nice. I Then Diver said: "That youth said, 'You shall I go to the shore there. He will make you look the same way as I am."' |I Then all the ducks 255 went ashore. Ya.ukue'ika.m I took off the feathers of all of them. He said to them: "Now | swim out again and play. It will be this way: I in the fall your feathers will be long again; in the spring they will I come off, and others will grow." Then he said 1 to the ducks: 260 "You may fly to a nice place there back from the shore. There are I lakes all over that place, and you shall visit all of them. I Then in the fall come back here to this your country; I but there far away it is very cold." Then the ducks swam away. I They were glad. Ya.ukue'ika'm made them look nice. 11 Then they looked at one an- 265 other, and all the ear ornaments had become pretty feathers. I Then Ya.ukue'ika-m tookthe feathers I and went back. Then Ya.ukue'ika'm did this. There are I ducks all over the country in the summer time. Long ago I the ducks did not come ashore out on the big sea. || Ya-ukue'ika-m went back to his tent. 270 (d) YA.UKE'IlKA'M OBTAINS THE ARROW STRAIGHTENER There he staid. He said: "I wish I had an arrow straightener!" Frog said: I "There is none, but people die where there are I arrow straighteners. Mountain-sheep Ram has them. He kills those I who go to get them." Ya.ukue'ika*m started. He thought: |i "Let me 275 start, even if my uncle should kill me." The Ram was I the brother of Ya.ukue'ika-m's mother. He arrived there, and there was a tent. I He entered. An old man with long hair was seated there. Now, this I old man with long hair was called Bighorn. I Bighorn said: "What do you want?." Ya.ukue'ika-m said: 1i "I want an arrow 280 straightener." Bighorn said: "There is none here I in my tent. It is hanging on the other side of the river. I'll take you across in my canoe." | Then he took him across. When Ya.ukue'ika'm was about to come, I his grandmother had told him what the old man I would do to him. When he had taken him across, Ya.ukue'ika-m was told: 1 "Now go on, climb up the mountain! Farther along it hangs. You 1 285 shall bring it." Then Ya.ukue'ika-m knew that (Bighorn) intended to kill him. | He went up and went on some distance. Then he went up again. He looked at the I old man, who was going back in his canoe. When he was in the middle of the water, he took | something, put it into the water, and shook it in the water, and sang, 11 saying: | 290 " I always take them across in my canoe, he he ha, he he ha! '' Thenhe put it back into the canoe and went back. Now, Ya.uk"e'ika'm I knew very well what the old man had done. He had been 1 My interpreter could not translate the words of this song, but explained it in the way given here. 102 102 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYEDL.5 [BULL. 59 ý~a*a "taps papalye's tsxalya qaqna 'ake-. ta'xas kultse 'ikat neis 2,95 nul'a'qana's. neis qana'xe- k!unanme'tuks. fl'Up:2,all sanet.laname'sine-. tenaxa"mne-. ta "xas wa milnike't-sex. tsi~ma'k!eI'esqat!1e.e'tinex. qak.Ia'pse- neis ktina'xa'm: "h&-, qa'psins xma ksilaqaha'kqa ka'pat!?" qak.Ia'pse' aqsakaxa-'me'Ie-n'. alkenu'k!ko xa'mai1. ta'xas ya. ukuelika-m n'itxo ' me k. 300 t a 'as i' o'uyankina 'psew. qa&~saqa'ane-. qanta 'tte- a'at"kmaq!a' n e-s. k.tayo'>xam kwe'tqtex. n'etxo'.,me-k you~aqanme'tek!o 'ya-s. youxaqanmitxa'me-k. ta'xas setqa.it!ko'une- at qa'kalqal' ttke 'n'e-. qa hakqa'ane- ne1 nut' a'qana neis qanta'Iit a k'maq!a'n'e s qo hanit.ta'ake- qake'Ine- nei nut' a'qana:. "hoi, 305 ske'kq!me-qo-ku'muqte'ko-." ya.ukuefika-m ku'n'meila'k.1enetsta'hat- wunekc't.se a'a'ke kiaqanla'tit aa'k'maq!a'n'e-s qo hanit.ta'ake a,'akew aqake'ine- kw 'Iqle- neis ma selya-qake 'ike-. qake'ine-: "ta'xas maats ta.tsqat!te'e-t." ta'xa nei nul'a'qana at set'etke'n-e npe'k!as. qakile'Ine- ya.ukue'ika-m: "ta'xa 310 tu 'n u. wa'sel aquname'teia'. ne1 nut' a'qana pee'k!a-kstsxatlaalqa'kaqu 'Ine henlaxa 'm 11. n' upka'qo I masts tSUP~afle'sineO. ta'xas yu',uXua'm n'antsofuxuaym, ta'xas ne'nko' hents~calaoqoxaxaf"mne- yaqsol"mit. ta'xas nentslahotqu'tne- neis yaaqaqana' ake- neis kqa'twi-y ktsixat'u'ptw-s. hentsxatqak4'n-e. ta'xas 315 henlaalqana'qo I henlayo '~cwa'm. ta'xas hents~catyou~rwaqa'nmitxa'me-k k!o-'ya qa'psin. hentsa'wutsk!apatte'te-k hen'u'p~ca nakq!meqouku'muqle 'Iko. a'a,'ke- aha'q!me qouku'muqle'Iko-. ta'xas hents~catqake'jne-: 'ta'xas maats Ia. c'sqat!Ie'et.' ta'~as hentscataa'Iqakaqu'tne- hentsxatyou~a'xe-. tsxatsak320 qa'anex. tsxzaI'enqa'pte-k kwe'Iqle-. t4 Ias hentsxattsukua'te a'pe-swok!o.'na I" ta'xas nutqakite'tne- ya ukue'ika m. ta'xas tats!ena'xe-. taqaoa'.-~eq. nfl'Up,-ale- neis nut'a'qana-'s qa:'tcn stu'pkaqu'tse- qa.up~cana,'pse.- ta'xyas youca 'se- neis aa,'kuq!yu'muk!s. ta'xas nenko'e s ya. ukue'ika m Ia. oqoxaxa"mne" tahot-:325 qu'tnee. sakel'oqoha~kqa'pse- neis kwanu'qkins n e se a - kulats!e'se-s neis at kwanu'qkens. ta'zxas tsukuafte- ya.ukue'ika-m. tseika'te- nei nul'a'qana yaqso'm'e~es pat pee'k!a-ks sel-ahutqu'Ise' ya.ukue'ika-ms. pat qatat'ope'tne-. qakc'tne': "t'a.upkaqu'te n'." qatseikate'tne- nei nut' a'qana. yunaq!an330 ke 'ine6. ta'xas qayaqa'wous q a'oxat' etuwitsqu'tne- ya. ukue'ika m. tsukua'te aakulats!e'se s neis nut' a'qana's. qake 'ine ' neji nut'a'qana: "imaats qunya 'wan' en hakqa'akw xate'ine-." ta'xas kqunya'xa qake'ine-: "maats xunaqkefne n'." ta >xas k:Funa/qke-n. nawasxo'umek ya.ukue'ika-m. qake'ine-: 335 "alqanme 'nitka'nawe-, he he ha, he he ha!" Ta'xas n' dta'-e- nej nul' a'qana. ya. ukue 'ika m Ia. upaqu 'Ine-. tatenaxalymne- aa'ketl.a. c'se "s. n' 4xo 'ume k. yo 2.p'qa-nmct2.ca' BoAs] KUfTENAI TALES 108 told I by his grandmother what he would do. Then, after he had looked at the 1! old man, he went down the river. He saw a tent I 295 standing there, and entered. Then there was a snowstorm. It was very I cold. He was told to come in. "Ha! why I should my nephew be lying here?" He was told: "Come in here I to your brothers and sisters!" Then Ya.ukue'ika'm lay down, II and they 300 warmed him. He staid there and struck his testicles. 1 When Bighorn went up again, he lay down and threw warm things on him, I and he threw them on himself. Thus he was not cold. | He always did so. The old man lay there while the tent owner was striking I his testicles. The old man said: "Hoi, I| there is noise 305 of bursting eyes!" Ya.ukue'ika'm was a full-grown I man. After a long time the tent owner again struck his testicles, I and Bighorn said again what he had said before. I Now he said: "Don't let it be cold any more!" Then the old man I called his manitous. Ya.ukue'ika-m was told: 1I "Go on; go there quickly! The old man 310 will soon be on this side of the water. I When you get there and he corimes ashore, don't let him see you. Then, I when he goes up, go behind and get into I his canoe. Then go back in the canoe. Do the same as he did 1 when he wanted to kill you. You shall do the same. When 1I you get across in the canoe, then go up and throw I warm 315 things on yourself. Then listen; and when you hear I again noise of eyes bursting, I then say: 'Don't let it be cold any more.' I Then come back in your canoe and go up. 11 He will be lying there, and he will be- 320 come a mountain sheep. Then take I the arrow straightener." Thus Ya.ukue'ika'm had been told. Then I he started. He got there, and he saw the old man just I coming back to this side in his canoe. (The old man) did not see him. He went up the cliff I on the bank of the river. Now Ya.ukue'ika'm went aboard and went back. II His penis 325 that he had moved in the water I and that he shook in the water was lying in the canoe. Then Ya.ukue'ika'm took it. I The old man looked at his canoe, and Ya.ukue'ika'm was already I on the water. (The old man) had not been able to kill him. He said to him: " Come back to the shore!" (Ya.ukue'ika-m) did not look at the oldman, who said this many times. II When he was in the middle of the water, he 330 stopped there I and took the old man's penis. The old man said: I "Don't touch the thing that lies there, son." ( Then, when he touched it, he said: "Don't put it into the water." When I he put it into the water, Ya.ukue'ika'm sang. He said:I1 " I always take them across in my canoe, he he ha, he he ha!" P 335 Then the old man cried. Ya.ukue'ika-m went back ashore. I 104 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 me k k o 'yas qa'psinus. qahakqa 'a110-. La 'as ts~ma'k!il' esqat!let't.se-. nulpa'lne- n' asq!a'lilha'kq!rneqo~hu'muql1Aku 'pse- neis 340 nul'a'qa.na's. qake'ine- ya.-ukue'iha-m: "ta'ýras maats la.esqallle'e t." ta'xas lao kunuxa"mne. laalqanaqu'lne- ya.uhuefika in. you~ca'ze-. sakqa'pse- pal ii' nqapta 'kse- k11welq~e 's neis nmA'a'qana',s. Petcto'une aakuqle.e'se-s. ta'xas tsxal'e'nsea'pcswo-k!una'l'e-s. lats!ena'xe-. ta'xas a'at'keo se1'upc'lne- neis 345 xnia ktsxa'l'ens yaqao 'jxa'qa-l'upiname'she-. fta'xas lalaxa 'xoe papa "e-s. qao'saqa'ane-. (e) YA.-UKUE',KA.M OBTAINS SINEW Qake'ine.: "la'qa- aa'henq! a'lqa-, ta'xas xma h" o tka~ane'le-k." qake'1ne- wa'ta-k: "ha'ksa kapa'pa, hapa-'pa; 1o'une' aa'kenq! a'lqax ts ename'le-n' nei sanet.l-a'ane; qa'k.le k tt'tqa-t! e'n350 tsu k!s. sawcsqa'pse- aa'ket~la'e-s. kaq! a'le 's to 'xua tsxa 1' ometsk! o'use0 aa~ket.la'e-s. hentsxa1'eIwame'lne- h~ntsxaltsuhua'teaakenq!a'lqa-." ta'xas ts!ena',ye- ya.ukue'ika-m. laxa'xeaa'ket-la. e'se-s e'ntsuk!s aa'qo Ia'aka-'s. tenaxa"mne-. qa-e-'1re'lntsuk!: "qa'psin kt'n'Out?" fl'U 'pICafe he'e-ns ya. ukue' ika ins. 355 nulpalnite'tinet ha'qaps netsta 'hals hqaqla'ke s ya. uhue 'iha is, htsxa'le ns naso/uhue ns neis tshqa'h.laps t'ntsuh!s: "qa'psin ke In'o~t?" nalatsuhue<hse-. qahe'ine- ya.uhue/iha in: "huselwa'xeoy" welhe'1ne- neis he'1ts:ýa ya.uhueliha~m. qah&'ine te'ntsuh!: "1maats welhi kmc'len'. to /xua tsxa1' o metsh!ou'ne hka hit.360 lanala'e's haq!a'Ie'." qahe'ine- ya.uhue/iha-m: "ho'yasts tshahc'ne-n' t~fawu "ne-s." namatchtsa'pse-. tseiha'te>, pal saha'nsex lawaq!wu'se tsa.e'sem.qaht'lne neis h.lawa'q!wo-s: "tshahe'ne-n' t!awu"ne s." namatiktsa'pse-. tseiha'te-. tofxua pal so'uhusex. ta'xas la.anaxa"mne- ya.uhuefiha-m. me'tx,,ne* 365 nejs haq!a'le'S a'Ia,he- lam't~cane-. ta'xas n'd~wa'n-e. qahe'lne-: "ta'xas tsuhua'thil aa'hu'Iah a,'k~e- aa'hu'qla. hents!alasqa he'lnea na aa~hu'qla. ha'min tscn tsuh!ue/ine- aa'henq!a'lqa-. liutstsuhua'te-." ta'xas n'umetse'ite e'ntsuh! altsa'atimo. La'xas lats!ena'xe- ya.uhue'iha in. h.lala'xa-m papa" es. qao~sa370 qa'ane-. ta'xas n'eth'n-e a'h!e-s. ta'xzas q!a'pe-'s noh'~le'ne-. ()YA.UKUE/,IKA.M OBTAINS I-LINT Qahe'ine-: "hoI'u'pqca haas naqa'ahkiiha'qa aqa'tsho-. hulaya'xa." qahe'ine- wa'tahk: "ha'hsa, hapa-'pa, hapa-'pa. wule.e't.se- yaahilaqa'ahe a-qa'tsho-. n'twe" te'tqa-t!s nei a-qa'tsho-. pal he'e-n no'uhue-is neists la'xa-m te'tqa-t! qa'lwiy 375 ktsxaltso'uhwa~t, neis nofuhue-s at II'enqa'pteh tc'tqa-t!s. ta'xas at qa'taltsuhuat "Ince. " qalwi'ynce ya.uhue'iha-m: "hutts!ena'me-I nneio,,hue." ta'x~as ts!ena'xe,. lazxa'xe aa,,h't. BOAS] KUTENAT TALES 105 He entered the old man's tent and lay down. He threw I something warm on himself and lay there. Then it became very cold. ( Twice he heard the bursting of eyes of the || old man. Ya.ukue'i- 340 ka-m said: "Don't.let it be cold any more." I He arose. Ya.ukue'ika'm went across. I He went up, and there he was lying. The old man had turned into a mountain sheep. | Ya.ukue'ika'm chopped off its horn, which was to be I his arrow straightener. Then he started, and he also killed that I1 which was to be killed by the people. Then 345 he went back to I his grandmother. He staid there. (e) YA.UKUE',KA'M OBTAINS SINEW He said: "If there were sinew, I should put feathers on my arrow." I Frog said: "0 grandson, grandson! there is no sinew. I Go there. There is a tent. The name of the man is Mouse. I1 His tent 350 stands there. Bull Moose almost breaks I his tent. You will kill him. You will take I the sinew." Then Ya.ukue'ika'm started and came to the tent of Mouse at Aa'qo'la'ka's.1 He entered. Mouse said: "What do you want?" He knew it was Ya.ukue'ika-m. 11 He had 355 heard that there was a youth named Ya.ukb'ika'm I who was to be chief. When Mouse spoke to him, "What I do you want?" he whispered. Ya.ukue'ika-m said: "I have come." I When Ya.ukue'ika-m spoke, he spoke loud. Mouse said: I "Don't speak loud. Bull Moose might break our tent." 11 Ya.ukue'ika'm said: "Give me I your 360 bow." He gave it to him. He looked at it. I It was bad. (Mouse's) younger brother carried meat. He said to the one who brought the meat: I "Give me your bow." He gave it to him. He looked at it. It was almost I good. Then Ya.ukue'ika'm went out. He shot 11 the 365 Bull Moose, shot it again, and killed it. He said to them: I "Take the meat and the skin. You shall split I this skin. I shall take only one thing. I shall take the sinew." I Then Mouse and his brothers cut it up. I Ya.ukue'ika'm went back, and arrived at his grandmother's (tent). ]1 He staid there. Then he made an arrow. 370 Then it was all finished. I (f) YA.UKEE'lKA'M OBTAINS FLINT He said: "If I knew where there is some flint, I should get it." I Frog said: "0 grandson, grandson! I it is far away where the flint is. The flint is a man. I It is a stone. When a person arrives and intends l to take it, then the stone becomes a man. I Then it can not be taken." 375 Ya.ukue'ika-m thought: "I'll I go after that stone." Then he started, 1 This is a small hill on the south side of St. Marys River, an isolated part of the lowest terrace in the valley of the Kootenay River. The hill is called Aa'qoIla'ka's. 106 106 I3BUREAU OF AMEEICIANETHNOLOGY [UL5 tBULL. ObO lat'se-s. ta'xas, pee'kMaks, n'enqapta'kse tc-'tqa-t!s neis nof,,kue-s neists k!u'pxana-ps, kia'xam n'enqapta'kse. no', 380 kueis. a',,'ke loeis qa~wetsinu'kse, at qa'kejka'kenle'sjne-. ta'xas at selqanlaltmuke'sjne-. qa'la n'etenma'ka ta'xas at seltsukua'te- neis nofukueis. ta'xa nei no',,kuey at qake1 -kakene'lne nelko'uts!ap aa,,ktsa'ma-1. at sel'aqaqa'ane- at k!te'n-ma k neists n'itenma ka"'ne'leil a-qa'tsko- at qatal'en385 qa,'pte~k nofukueis. qa.itenmakane'le-I at n'cnqa'pte-k te'tqa-t!s. at qama'ate- aatkula'k!e-s. ta'xas, ya.ukue'ika-m ktena 'wa m, pec'k!a-ks pal n'enqapta'kse tc'tqaot!s. qalwi'yne. a-qa'tsko-: "tpal ke'ens naso'ukue,ns ya. ukue'ika'ms ktsxialweleumakane'laps." qake'i1ne. a-qa'tsko-: "qa'psin ke'n'o~t?" qake'ine390 ya.uk'ue'ika-m:* "hun'o'1,te' a-qa'tsko-." qake'ine a-qa'tsko.: "hents!etenmaka'aine,- ta'xas hutsenqa'pte-k no'ukucy, ta'xas hentstsukuata "Pine %) qa-nqa'ne-k ya.ukule'ika*m. qalwi'yne-: "hul' a'qane ts." ta,'xas Ia. anaca,"mile * qao'xa'xe- tuw-uko'una-Is. qake'lne*: I(qake-'ine"395 a~qa'tsko* at kenqata_'aXO'" qake'ine- tuwukxo'una1: 1"haslutske'ine' a qa'tsko, pal kutsma'k!e- at welqal-unmet-:o 'une- husaanlwi'ynaat, k.laqa'ke?" Ia. anaxa"mne- ya.ukue 'ika-m. laqao-xa'xe- a-qa'tsko s. qake'lne-: "tuwukxo 'unal sla'tiyilqake 'ine.. at kwtlqa lunmetnukxo'une-s." qake 1nc400 a-qa'tsko-: "a:, slutske'ine- tuwukxo',,na'l. at qataxona'pine* nei huts!aqa'me-k at hutSEMak!e'jne-." Ia. anaxza" mneya.ukue'ikaom. qa6'>xa'xe' tuwnkxo'una-ts. qake'lne-: qake' ineo' a-qa'tsko- at kenqata',,zo*. kenslutske'kimi-l. neis kts!aqa'mewk, ta'xas at ktsEma'k!e-." qake'ine- tuwu405 kxo 'unal: "qoname'Ic n' kcnlqa 'ke I kutsk.Iaqanane'm a-l" Ia. - anaxallmne ya.ukue'ika m. qake'Ine a-qa'tsko s: "qake'inetuwukx~o'una' I, kenk.Iaqanane' 'ma I." ta'xas tsukua/te- a 'ktsama'I'e s tuwukxo 'una I, aatke a-qa'tsko-. qake'ine-: "ho'yahulk.laqa.namna'la-." ta'xas miitiyaxna'nmne qanlalta 'mne". 410 qc 'n a, a qa'tsko- litil.-yuste'le-k. welqa I u'nmetnnkxo 'ulne-. ta'xas, ya.ukue'ika-m tso kokueln e* a oqa'tsko -sts tuwuk-- xo I'una-Is. ta'xas yunaqa 'pso' sakilk.laqanana'msex. ta'.ýas tsukua'te- a-qa'tskoests tuwukxo'una Is. pa-tsenmt'te- na's a 'm-aks. qake'lne-: "ta'xas k.lq!a'pe-lha'qa a-qa'tsko'ts 415 tuwukqxo'na-I na's a'm-a-ks. palI ktsca-Iw-une'ke-t.s ktsxalqahaktlha'qa aqlsma'kinek! na's a'm-aks. at xma ktsxal'eselke'n '0 's naya'x.a a qa 'tsko sts tuwuk.o 'una Is." sakilk. laqana'mile' swu't~mo. qa. u'pyaflO' pe'k!a 'ks sla'tiyilpa 'tsenmne't-se' ya.ukue'ikaoms. ta'xas kul'e'tkin qa'psins ya. ukuc 'i420 ka'm. qake'lne- swu~tjmo*"5: " ta'xas, qaqaskjna'nikdi'. ma kuscl' aqanetse 'ske'l. ta'xas ate'ntsxal aqa.enikc 'Inc* aqisma'kinek! neis nayaxane'skeil. ta'xas husel' ukt ke'n'e' tsxal' BOAS] KZUTENAI'I TALES 107 and arrived at I the house, and already the stone had become a man. I When the stone saw him coming, it had changed its form, 11 and there 380 was another stone there where they get it from, I which is used to hit (the flint). Those who pay I can take the stone. Then it is a stone I from which they get arrow points and knives. For this reason I they pay for it; namely, that 11 the flint may not transform itself. When 385 they do not pay, it turns into a man I who does not give his flesh. When Ya.ukue'ika'm entered, I the stone had already turned into a man. * Flint thought: " Ya.ukue',kam is a chief; he will pay a great deal." I Flint said: "What do you want? " Ya.ukue'ikam said: |I "I 390 want flint." Flint said: I "You will pay for it. Then I'll become a stone. I Then you may take me." Ya.ukue'ika'm sat down. I IHe thought: "I'll fool him." Then he went out. I He went to Diorite,1 and said to him: " Flint says 1 you can not break him." Diorite said: 395 "Oh, I Flint lies, I am strong. I break him into big pieces'l when I get angry. Why did he say so?" Ya.ukue'ika'm went out. I He went back to Flint. He said to him: "Diorite I always says he will break you into big pieces." Flint said: 11 "Oh, Diorite lies, he can not 400 break me. I When I grease my body, I am strong." Ya.ukue'ika'm went out again I and came to Diorite. He said to him: " Flint I says you can not break him. He says you are lying. When he I greases himself, then he is strong." Diorite said: 1| "Go back and tell him 405 that I'll fight with him." I Ya.ukue'ika'm went out again and said to Flint: "Diorite says I you shall fight with him." Then Diorite took his knife, I and.also Flint. They said; "Well, I let us fight!" They attacked each other and struck each other. I| Oh, Flint lost. 410 Big pieces of stone were coming off from him. I Then Ya.ukue',ka-m took the flint and diorite. I He had much because they were fighting. Then I he took the flint and diorite and scattered them over I this world. He said: "Let flint and II diorite occur all over this world. 415 For a long time people will be I here in this world. It might be I difficult for them to get flint and diorite." I The friends were fighting. They did not know that I Ya.uk"e'ika'm had scattered the stones. When Ya.ukue'ika-m finished doing this, 11 he told the friends: "Now 420 stop doing this to each other. I Icheated you. You will not be I people any more when they come to get you. Now I have put an end 1 Or some other tough stone. 108 108 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETH1NOLOGY BL.9 tBTJLL. M.) ya-qaqa',ke- neis u's'rneks." ta'~cas lapcskena'mne- swu't~mo. ta'~ras lats!enaxo 'une a qa'tsko s ya. ukue' ika m. t a',-cas 425 aq(a'tsko6 q!apilaqa,'ani-e. na's a'ma-ks. (g) YA.UKUE',KiA.M OBTAINS BOW WOOD Ta'xas n' uk!qa'pel'o'se- tawu" e-s. k'1ala'xam ya. ukle'ika m papa'le-s. qake'ine-: " ho1'u'p~a kaas na- qa kelha'qa aa'k~lafakuo-. hoj1aya'xa." qake'ine Wa'ta-k: "1ha-'ksa kapa-'pa, kapa'fpa. wule.A'.se- ya-kehaqa'ake- aa'kila'akuo- at qa'oxa1'opina'mue430 naya'xal1" ts!ena'_-e ya. ukue'1ka-m. Wule. e'.se- yaqana'mke% qana'xe. nulpalnetec'tine- nakile. c't.se-. qak. la'pse- papa"esneists qa 'qa ps ta'zxas ktsxalseIa'xam. qa-na'xex. nulpa'Ine ta'k!a-ts' t!alo'ukse-. taxc nei ta'k!a~ts at n'etLxaka'ane.fl'U'P2.ale- ya. ukuefika-m neis aa~kmana'm-es neis qalya-nets!435 Iaac'nse- yaakxala "tqa'noxu'nqa'psew. n' se kate'ise at n'upe4 -ka'ane- nej aa'kets!Ia'e-n. qataI'upe'Ika ta'xas ta'k!a-ts at n'etb.xaka'ane- ness pe'k!a-ks ye'ske- k.la'wla'ys at qa 'sineta'k!a ts. at n' esejkate'jne*. tsukua'te- tsuk! otiya'I'e s ya. ukue'ika-m neis qa I ayanen-mo xu 'we- nei a kets!la'e.n qao&4a440 q!alke'n e- tsuk!otiya'1'e s ya. ukue'ika-m. laqawanae 'se-. ta'xas qayaqana'xe- ta'k!a~ts. ta'xas sa~nelwi'yne x qalWi'yne- ktsxal'e't!xa ya. ukue'ika ins. n' aako 'ulne- ta'k!a-ts. n' upik'Ine. neists ki'ep ta'k!a-ts qakxaq!afU'11*Y tuq!tsqa'mna. na's qa-nets!laeinse qanalwa'haq!aflu'fle.qake 'ine ya. ukue 'ika-m:"a., 445 in tax kenle'e-n ta'k!a-ts. pa'1 ktsyu-na~quomi. taxta'l at xma ke-ntsxalet!xa'ka me'ksa-'n k.Itnq!oymu'n-e-s Ika 'm u, atents!e t b.~ane- aa'ke'y'e-s." ta-'xas q!axo'une- ya.ukue/ika-m aa'k.Ia-kuo 'Ut!e s. ta'xas pa-tsenme'tw. qake 'jne-: "ta'xas klq!apilha'qa e's!na-t! na's a'nvks." ta'xas sl'aqaqa'ane- kq!a450 pilha'qa ts!na-t!, at ke'ens aa'kila-k~out!e-s aqlsma'knck!. tafxas lats!ena'xe- ya.ukue'1karn. (h) YA.IJKUEfKA.M GOES TO THE END OF THE WORLD Lalaxa'xe- papa"e-s. qake'lne': "kapa'pa, k!a'qa's ina af'meaek?" qake'ine Wa'ta-k: "tsaquna'ne- a'm-ak." qake'ineya.ukue'ika-m: "qa'psins a'm-aks at qake'ika-m nata'nk! 3" 455 qake'ine Wa'ta-k: "lwule-et.se-." qake'ine- ya.ukue'ika'm: "~kaaS at k!a-qa'oxam nata'nek!." qake'ine Wa'ta-k: "wulee'tineat-yaqao'Ta/mke- nata'nck!." qake '1ne ya. ukue 'ika in: "hutsaIup-Tane' kaas at n'a-qake'jkain nata'nek!. a'ake- hutsxal'U'p-Tafl4Y kaas at n'aqa'oxa'm nata'ntk!. taxta-'" 460 Ta 'xas huselqaqaso x, iI'uj~xame'Ine- yaqaI'etkef'n ek naso',kue n ya. ukue '1ka in nei p~k!a 'kjnek! aqisma 'kinek!. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 109 to this as I it was going to be first." Then the friends let go of each other. I Ya.ukue'ika'm carried the flint along, and now 1i there is 425 flint everywhere in this world. I (g) YA.UKUE'IKA'M OBTAINS BOW WOOD Now, there was one thing that he did not have, a bow. When Ya.ukue'ika'm came back I to his grandmother, he said: "Let me see where there is bow wood. I I'll get it." Frog said: "0 grandson, grandson! I it is far away where bow wood is found, and those who try to get it are killed." 11 Ya.ukue'ika'm started. He went a long ways. ( 430 He went along and heard a noise. His grandmother had told him that he would be near by when it would be like that. He went along and heard I squirrels making a noise. That squirrel bit everybody. I Ya.ukue'ika-m saw a tree standing on each side of the trail. j] They 435 struck each other continually. It looked terrible. The trees killed | every one. If they could not kill him, the squirrels I bit him. Long ago they were of the size of grizzly bears. ] The squirrel was big and looked terrible. Ya.ukue'ika'm took his spear, I and, when the trees went apart, he II put his spear across. Then they did not move any 440 more, and I he went through. Then the squirrels were angry and tried I to bite Ya.ukue'ika'm, but the squirrel was stabbed and killed. Then \ the squirrel was dead, and from it crept a little animal, which | climbed up the tree here. Ya.ukue'ika'm said: "Oh, |I you shall be 445 Squirrel. There shall be many of you. I You may continue to bite, but you may bite only the hands of children I that play with you." Then he chopped down I the bow wood and scattered it. He said: I "Let cedar grow all over this world." Therefore |I cedar, that is 450 the bow wood of the people, grows everywhere. [ Then Ya.ukue'ika.m started back. (h) YA.UKUE'IKA'M GOES TO THE END OF THE WORLD He came back to his grandmother, and he said to her: "Grandmother, how big is this I world?" Frog said: "The world is small." Ya.uk"e'ika'm said: 1 "From what place does the sun start?" [I Frog 455 said: "It is far." Ya.ukue'ika'm said: "Where I does the sun go to?" Frog said: "It is far I where the sun goes to." Ya.ukue'ika'm said: "I shall I look for the place where the sun starts from, and later on I shall look for the place where the sun goes." 1 That is all I know about what Chief Ya.ukue'ika-m did I among the 460 people of ancient times. ] 110 110 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 54. COYOTE AND YA.-UKUE'IKA M (a) COYOTE AND THE FAT Ts!ena'-yoe skc'n ku ts n' as' ma'lne- ya. ukue/ ika ms. qake'ineya.ukue'ika-m, qake'lne- ske'n-ku-ts: "saq!a'n~e t!ena'mtu, at n'o-ku!qnalqasxa'lne- nei t!ena'mu." ta'xas laxa-'xe. ta'xas qa's~cne- ya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas ts!ena'xe-. laxa'xe- ske'n-ku-ts 5 a&',,ke- qaselu'zxune-. ta'xas a a'ake' ts!ena'xe-. ta'xas n'unuq!wiya'ate-. sukwaxane' seo. no-kuma 'nxa'me k. qatsxana'ateya.ukue'ika-ms. laloqalqa'atse- sken-ku-ts. lalaxa'Te- nets t!ena'mu's yaaqaq!a'nske-. ta'xas n'e'kine-. nuqaxu'se- neis t!ena'mu's. yaqlei't.se- neis yaqaql~a'nske- neis t~fcna'mu's neists koqa'xo10 ts!elaqayqa'anex. ta'xas mitiya'X~ane- ske'ivku-ts. qaselu-'xne-. nanoq!wiya'ate-. ll'u'Pqcafl palI tsxalxunaku'se- neis t!ena'm-u's. noulu'se-. ta'xas lamitiya'x,,ne a;'a tke. laqaselu'x I.PS~U lamitiya'zXane a a'ake- laqaselu'xune; a'a,'ke- lape'sxane'. ta'xas xunaku'se-. ta'xas niktsinoku'se- neis t!na'mu's. qawesqa'ane15 ske'w-ku-ts. qalwi'yne-: "ta'x.as hulats!e'na-m, ta'xas kule'e-k nei koquasel u 'pa." ta'xas lats!ena'xe- skc'n ku ts. laqaoxa'xe ni yaakelpesxa'ke- neis t!cna'mu's. laqa. e'nse -!cna'mu's; n'enq apt a'kse* nyo' kueys kamnu'qlu-s. ta'xas qa-wesqa'ane- skc'w-ku-ts. ny'unuq!wetsta'pse- neis t!ena'mu' s neis kixuna'qo's. qalwi'yne-: 20 "hul'itoukwi'keon." ta'xas n'etke'n-e. ta'xas kuno'uko-ps, ta'xas qunalqunok!o'une- neis yaqa-wcso'qskew neis t ena'mu' s. Qana'xe- ya.ukue/ika-m lamanwetske'kine fl'U'PýaflO lO'SeO ske'n-ku-ts. qalwi'yne- ma kqaape'se- ske'n-ku-ts. lats!cna-'xeya. ukue'1ka-m. lalaxa'xe- qo's yaqaq.!a'nske t!ena'mu's. lo'use* 25 neis tVcna'mu's. qawesqa'ane- pa'l kiyaqle'et.s. ll'U'P:ýallO feiS pal sclqanal'una'q!male'kso- sk'n-ku-ts. a'ake- neis t!ena'mu 's palI selqana'q!makekma'lse-. ta'xas ts!cnal'una 'xex n' u'Yae qo's u'me-'s nanq!oku'pse-. fl'u/ P2.ýall. sk'n-ku-ts qous pal n 7'e'nse-. qaoxal'una'xex ll'u'P::aneW pal selqa'oxalqunok!o'use30 neis yaqawesu'qske t!ena'mu's. qa'sel'awak!muwesu'cjse* neis t!ena'mu's. ske'w-ktuts qsakoxamu'n-e lois t!ena'mu's. k.la'ca-m ya. ukue 'ika-m. qawukatka'ane- ske'n ku ts. i' u 'p-Tano ya. ukue '1ka un pa-I scikf!umnaqats!a'kikta'kso- swu'e-s. qake'lno-: "IIq a psins ken 'u'pskein?" naaq!manaxwate'lno- ske'n-ku~ts. 35 qake'ino': "sukwa'x,,ne-nola'pano-." qakibe'lne-: "ma.uqak.le' Sino- at tse-n ko uqala'iuxal" ta'xas tsukua'tee ya.ukue 'ika m a'a'ki ts. qa'oxzalt!aptsake '1vo a,, ktsa'malIs. ta'xas qunakna'xae o'7t! 7a'us. ta'xas n'umitse'~io *nei t!ca' m-u. ta'xas n'awak!mousu'quno2 noi t!ena'mu. ta'cas qakile'lno40 ske'wku~ts: "ta'xas e'keon' q!a'pe-." ta'xas ske'n-ku-ts n'up.ka'nqu'lno neis tVna'mu's. 'Iheard: K!owo 'k!qna-lqa'sdlu'xwil. Cetndac:n'wku'e Creston dialect: nlawakaqu'ne-. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES ill 54. COYOTE AND YA.UKUE'lKA'M (a) COYOTE AND THE FAT Coyote went along with Ya.ukue'ika'm. Ya.ukue'ika'm said, I he said to Coyote: "Fat is hanging there. I They bite that fat once." Then they got there. I Ya.ukue'Vka'm bit off a piece. Then he started. Coyote arrived 11 and bit off once. Then he went on. Then 5 he swallowed. I It tasted good, and he wanted more. He did not tell I Ya.ukue'ika-m. Coyote turned back. He came back to where I the fat was hanging. Then he ate of it. The fat fell down. I It was steep where the fat was hanging. When it fell, 11 it began to roll. Then Coy- 10 ote ran after it. He bit a piece off I and swallowed it. He saw that the fat was about to roll into the water I where it was deep. Then he ran after it and bit off another piece. He put it down with his mouth, I ran after it, and bit off another piece, and he put it down with his mouth. Then the fat fell into the water and sank. Coyote remained there. II He thought he would go back and eat I what he had 15 bitten off. Then Coyote started back. He arrived I where he had put down the fat with his mouth. There was no fat. It had become | a white stone. Then Coyote stood there. I He wanted to swallow the fat which was in the water. He thought: jj "Let me heat stones." 20 Then he did so. When they were red-hot, I he took them with sticks to where the fat was in the water. I Ya.ukue'ika-m was going along. He looked back, and he saw there was no | Coyote. He thought Coyote was not acting right. Ya.ukue'ika-m went back. I He came to where the fat had been hanging. There was no 11 fat. It was steep there. He saw the I tracks of Coyote 25 going down, and also the fat and the tracks going along with it. Then he started down. Way below he saw I a fire. He saw Coyote, who was there. I He went down. He saw him carrying the stones with sticks 1I to the place where the fat was in the water. A piece of 30 the fat came up to the top of the water. | Coyote took a mouthful of the fat. I When Ya.ukue'ika-m arrived, Coyote did not see him. Ya.ukue'ika'm saw ] his friend suffering. He said to him: I "Why did you do that?" Coyote was scared. 1I He said it tasted good. He was 35 told: "I told you I they take just one bite." Then Ya.ukue'ika.m took | a pole. He fastened a knife to it. He speared I the fat. Then the fat was broken up. I The fat came to the top of the water. Then Coyote was told: 1l "Now eat all." Then Coyote took I the fat ashore. i 40 1 See p. 48. 112 BUREAUI OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 (b) COYOTE AND THE GIANT Ta'xas ts!ena'xe neists yaxkana'mke-. qana'xex. qake'ineo ya.ukue&1ka-m, qakc'lne- skt'n-ku.ts: ~savq!a'ne- Ika'm-u nank!oma'lne-. at n'ila'ne- nei lka'm-u. at qa-tsenwk!apa-ltexa'lne-. 45 ma',&tSEntstseuWk!apa'ltiya-'2aex "ta'xas laza'xe-. n'ulp'n ski'n ku ts neis Ika'nru's. seil' ela'se. ta>as k.la'xam ya. ukue 'ika-m qayaqana 'ye,. qatseika 'te- neis lka'mou's, ta 'ýas k.la'xam ske'nvkirts a'a,'ke* qatseika'tew nets lka'iwu's. qayaqana'xe'. qa-. wulenqa'atSe k umnanle'kpayaxwata'psew' ne is lka'm-u's. lalo'-~ 50 qualqa~atSe' laqao~a'xe- naqtu'q!uatsq!ahe'ine aa'kalma.e 'se ' s. ta'xas tsutila'pse- neis aa'ketsqahe'es neissIkam-u's. soukikq!anaqcna'pse-. ta'xas laqa.ila'se- neis lka'm-u's. ta'xas ts!enanu.quejýxUnatpse.. ta'ýcas II' U'p).cale- pa-1 tsxaltsil'-Linuq!wiyacta-'pse". ta'xas n' akunla't!new laqa'tal' akala't!ne-.,55 Ta'xas n' U'PaflC ya. ukue 'ika m lam anwi tske'kine- lo',use. ske'nku ts- swu'e s. pal silaqa.ila'se- neis lka'm u's. laloqa1-- qa'atse ya. ukue 'ika m. lalaxa'xe- neis lka'm-u' s ske'n ku ts. pa I sel'unuq!wiyata'pse- neis Ika'm-u' s. tsukuafte- ya. ukue'ika-m aa'ktsa'm-als n'a-komu'wec neis lka'rwu's aa'klam'cses. 60 ta'xas n'cpine- nei lka'm-u. ya.ukue'ika-m tsukua'te- ske'n-- ku-ts' aa'k.lat!cse-s la-litq!uxmala't!ue- ske'n-ku-ts. fl'u'pqcaleske-'wku'ts pal1 qae'nse' lka'm-u's, pa-l n'e'nse -e-'ka-'s. ta'xas lats!ena'xe- swu'timu-. nao-'k!ue- la-letq!u'xmala't!ne-. (C) COYOTE AND THE THUNDERBIRDS Q a na/xeo swu'timux. qakile'lne- ske'n ku-ts: "ne- hu tsya:65 qanaxala'ake nentsxalhulpa'lne- touq!utsqa'mna. mna' a tSEntstsEnk!apa lItiya'xane -." ta'xas qa na',ye-. ta'xasts nulpa'lne- nets tuq!utsqalmna' s. ta'xzas t!alo'uksex. ta'xas qayaqana'xe- ya. ukue 'ika-m, a'a,'ke- ske'n-ku-ts qatsenk!apaltiya'Xane* neis tuq!utsqa'mna-'s. ta'xas t!alo'11kse-. qake'ine70 ske'irku ts: "a: kulse qa'tsink!apalte 'g.ats la:ko 'Isak, ko 'Isak, ko'lsak." ta'xas neis k!aqa'ke- ske'wku-ts, ta'xas qa.U'Pýanepee'k!aks pal1 laqa'wumecke'nve- swu'timu. pal sklktka'xe-. ta'xas laxa'xe- qo's toq!utsqafmna-. ta'xas n'oqoxa'xe- neis aa' kuq!no kat!se s. pa '1n'e'nsc. nu'm ananaakesta 'ke s. xa's 75 ne l'o qoxa'xe- swu'tjmu ske'n ku 'tsts ya. ukue'ika 'i. ta'xas qao saqa'ane-. qakc'ne- ya.ukue 'ika m neis lka'm-u's:- "at k!aqa'swo k sla'wam a'lakene kh!e 'iske I?" qak.la'pse- nao'k!ue-: "(t-u'VYa at walkwaye't.se' la'wam nao'lk!we-, at walkwaye't.se aa"ke- la'wam. n'eseikat.hletetne'1sew pa-1 ke'e ns 80 aa'kwuk.le 'et.s lawoq!o "ha,ks a,' knukxuna'ke s." qake'lne' swvlle's ya.ukue'ika-m: "hentsxialhulp alna 'pinex henqa. soAs] KUTENAI TALES 113 (b) COYOTE AND THE GIANT Then they started to where they were going. They were going along. I Ya.ukue'ika-m said, he said to Coyote: "A child is hanging in a cradle. | The child is crying. One does not listen to it. 11 Don't 45 listen to it!" Then they arrived there. Coyote heard I the child crying. Then, when Ya.ukue'ika'm arrived, I he went past. He did not look at the child. When I Coyote arrived, he also did not look at the child, and went past; I but he had not gone past far when he took pity on the child. I1 He turned back and arrived there. He put his finger 50 into the child's mouth. | The child sucked his fingers and I found them nice. The child did not cry. Then his hand began to go into the mouth, I and he knew that the child was going to swallow him. I He pulled at his arm, but could not pull it out. 11 Then Ya.ukue'ika'm knew it. He looked back, and I his friend 55 Coyote was not there. The child was not crying. I Ya.ukue'ika'm turned back, and he came to the child I which was swallowing Coyote. Ya.ukue'ika'm took I his knife and stabbed the child's head with it. |j Then the child was dead. Ya.ukue'ika-m took I Coyote's arm. 60 There was no flesh on Coyote's arm. Coyote saw | that it was no child, but a giant. I Then the friends went on. Ono of them had no flesh on his arm. ] (c) COYOTE AND THE THUNDERBIRDS The friends were going along. Coyote was told: "The way where we 1I are going along you will hear birds. Do I not listen to them." 65 Then they went along. Then I they heard the birds. They made a noise. I Ya.ukue'ika-m went past, and also Coyote. He did not | listen to the birds that made a noise. 11 Coyote said: "I am not listening to 70 you, but lako'lsak, ko'lsak, I ko'lsak!" When Coyote said so, the friends, without knowing it, I were already raised from the ground. They were going up. I Then they arrived there where the birds were. They had gone into I their nest. These were two young thunderbirds. Both I| friends went in, Coyote and Ya.ukue'ika'm. Then I they 75 staid there. Ya.ukue'ika'm said to the children: | "Where is the sun when your parents come back'?" One of them said: I "It is almost evening when the one comes back, and it is evening when the other comes back. They look terrible." It was j| on rocks on 80 one side of the mountain, and Ya.ukue'"ka-m said to his friend: "Listen to me! If you donot I listen to me, we shall die. You know I 85543~0-Bull. 59-18- 8 114 114 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 ulpa'Inap, ta'xas hutsxal'upnala'ane- pa-l ken'u'p::a- pa-I kse4' eseka'1e te /tine-. la'/wam nao 'k!ue- tsxalqake'ine.: 'ha: ku'jsukwe'Iq!o k. ta'xas kse1'etpbtske-'me'k alkaa-'qalIt."' 85 n'U'P:F-ane- neis ke'ens nasolukue-ns ya.ukuefika-ms seI'aqake'ine. IKsoukwi'Iq!o-k k!u'pe-ls alaqa'It!e-s. ta'xas waloq!kuku-'tine'. t!alo'ukune- nu'm-a. ta'xas fl'U'pxafl(Y Iawanuxu'eni/r nu'oa qake'ine- nu'm'a: "ha: ku'"sokwe'Iq!o 'k. ta'xas ksedtsma'k!e npbtske'nme-k alkaa-'qalt." (paluqa'silq!akpa'me-k. qali 90 le'Ine' skc'n-kwts: "neists qa'ke nlm-a' ksoukwe'lq!o-k. tszalqake'ine': 'qa'la at kuk.lokkake'me-k, hutqca-lo-qokaxa'ktse-'" qakike'Ine' ske'n'ku-ts: "neists qak.Ia'wa's nt/rn a 'hentsxalo 'wo 'kane','hentsxalqake 'ine-, kouqua -'sakc'me 'k, kouqua sake'me-k, at k Vsne lsakniya'we' ka 'tsa o 'k!uquna 95 ksa "no 1k!one'iqa.' ") ta'xas Ia. esaknu'n'e' skc'n'ku 'ts. qakile'Ine- ya.ukuefikarn: 4"a: enqaka'Iit!nasa'q!e-'1'. hutsxal'oqokaxaktse'sine-." ta'xas n'et!nasa'q!ane' ya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas qaoxak!alma'ne' nu'rn a. qa'psqa- qa'pse' Ialetinulrna'kine, ya. ukue 'ika-'i. quna'ken~carnu'n 'e tsu 'ko 'tiya 'e's a,,'kuk!p100 Ia'rnkak!'se's neis nu'rn'a's. n'upe'lne' neis nu'rn'a's. neis aa'koq!nokuate'se-s' n'umetsxo'use- yaqa'nal'una~cu'ske'. ta'xas qaosaqa'ane'. qake'Ine' neis Ikarn-ukuesta'ke-'s: "Ia'wa'm tetune 'skeil qa'ke': 'qa 'psins ksl' urn'tse' kaket.Iana'la,' hentsxaIqakilke'Ine': 'es q a'ka 'Iyuwaka 'ke-"sqkate 'le 'k"' en'a'ke 'scn105 qarne 'ke nLbpe 'k!a sel'urnetslo~conate'tiine' ta'xias qawunike't.se' ta'xas a'a,'ke- 1awalu~ckoku'tine' a'atke' Iat!alo-~kune' no 'in a. ta'xas a/'ale- Iawanoa u'n'e' nu'rna neis ma ski'Iyaqakelike' nao*fk!ue- a'a'ke' qake'ine'. qake'ine' nu'rn'a: "qa'Ia at ksake'rne k, hutsxalwuqoqaxa'ktse', nuwufkune - ske'n 'ku 'ts neis 110 ma ski'1yaqake'ike-. aakeI'aqake'ine'. naq11we'Ine-. qake' ine': "lko 'qwa "sake'in e 'k ko 'qwa 'sake'rn'e k. k es'ne'Isakanaiya 'weka'tsa" o"k!uquna ksa 'nilk!one'qa." Ia. esaknu'n'e' ske'n ku 'ts. qake' 1ne' nu'rna: "enqa'ka 1it!enasa'q!e n'. hutsxzalwu'qo,qaxaktse'sine'." ta'xas n' et!enasa'q!ane' ya.ukue'ika~m neis 115 ma skelyaqaka'pske' aa,"ke' Iaqaqa'pse' aa,'keinulma'k!e's; aa,'ke Iaquna'kena'xane' a,'"ke' n'upe'Ine'. Qake'hie' nets Lkam-ukuesta/ke 's. ta'xas Ia. una'nu~cura'Inawa'sno'. qake'1ne- nao-'k!ue- nei Ika'm'u. ta'xas yuwa-'kal'esa'kanu'. ta'xas ya.ukue'ika-m yu'ixalesakanu'n'e' naoo /120 k!ue-'s. qake'Ine' swu-"e's: '(hentszxalalukulite'Ie'k." ta'xas nutnu.ýu 'n'e num'ana'na, neis qa%'nalwa'nuxu'n'e-. ta'xas nakelwutske'kine' ske'n 'ku 'ts. ta'xas we'Iilwa 'nucu'nwe. ta'xas naIuk.Iiti'Ie 'k ske'n'ku 'ts. ta':as lats!kal'okuanu:ýu'n-e- Iaqayaqa'banuxu'n'e'. ta'xas Ia.u'nanuxu'n'e' qo' s a 'in'a'ks. qakile'Ine' 125 skc'n'ku'ts: "ta'xas a'atke' ne'nko'. yu'wakaI'esa'kainu ske'n' BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 115 they look terrible. When one of them arrives, he will say, 'I am glad, now my children have something to eat."' II He knew that 85 Ya.ukue'ika'm was chief. I Therefore he said that he was glad that his children killed him (?). Now it began to rain. I The Thunderbird made a noise. Then they saw the Thunderbird flying home. I Thunderbird said: "I am glad, now I I have something to eat for my children." (I forgot something. I| Coyote was told that when the Thun- 90 derbird would say he was glad, I he would say, "Who is tired from walking? I shall take the marrow out of his leg." I Coyote was told: "When the Thunderbird says this to us, I get up and say, 'I don't get tired, I I don't get tired; my younger brother always gets tired because (I he is shaped badly."') Then Coyote sat down again. I 95 Ya.ukue'ika-m was told: "Stretch your leg this way, I will pull out I the marrow with my mouth." Then Ya.ukue'ika'm stretched out his leg. Then i Thunderbird put his mouth'there, and it was just as if Ya.ukue'ika'm had no more marrow. I Then (Ya.ukue'ika-m) threw his spear and stabbed II the Thunderbird with it in the nape of the 100 neck. He killed the Thunderbird, who I broke his nest while he was falling down. Then I he was there. The two children were told: "When your father comes, I and if he says, 'Why is our nest broken?' I tell him: 'That happened when they came up."' II The two 105 manitous were sitting down in the place that was broken. It was not I long before it began to rain again, and the Thunderbird made a noise again. ] Then the Thunderbird flew back; and this one I spoke in the same way as the other one had spoken. The Thunderbird said: "Who I is tired from walking? I shall pull out the marrow from his leg." Coyote arose I1 and said this. He said the same as before. He 110 danced and said: I "I don't get tired from walking, I don't get tired. from walking; my younger brother always gets tired I because he is badly shaped." Then Coyote sat down again. I Thunderbird said: "Stretch your leg this way, I will pull the marrow out of it." I Ya.uk"e'ika'm stretched out his leg 1I the way he had done before, and 115 his marrow was as it had been before. I He threw his spear at him and killed him. I Then he said to the two children: "Now fly down with us." I One of the children said: "Sit down on my back.'' I Then Ya.ukue'ika'm sat on the back of the one. 1I His friend was told: "You shall make 120 a noise." Then I the young Thunderbird flew away. He flew upward. I Coyote was looking on. He flew way up. Then I Coyote shouted, and he began to come down. I He flew by. Then he flew down to the land. Coyote was told: || "Now it is your turn. Sit on me, 125 116 "BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 ku-ts.", yui~ua1'esakanu'n-e nao'kMue's. ta'xas a'a'keW wa-noý:u/n e. ta'xas a',,'ke Ia-lukulite'Ie-k. ta'xas a'a,,ke Ila.unanuz u'ne na's a'fm-a-ks. sukuelq!ufkune- swu'timu ske'n-ktvts. qake'hie': "ta'~xas at masts hentslasa-nlwiyna'ate- aqlsma'kine-k!. qa'la nutske-- 130 qatl'k.1e-'s atcn'tsaq!maxo'une.-" ta'xas seltsy-a-ma'Ine- ya-ukue'ika-m. ta'xas selbalo'une- nuom-a neis aa'kamana'n-e-s at Ia-qao-pclka'ane, na's. ta'~xas tsen at t!alo-'kune. nu'm-a% (d) TIHE ANIMALS MAKE THlE SUN Ta'xas Ia-ts!ena'xe- swu'timu neis ts!na'mke- swo'timu ske'nvku ts nulpalne te'tine, tscaI' itkine'1ne- nata'nck!. ta'xas 135 selts!ena'xe-. tsxaI' e'n-ce nata'ne k!. na'qa ntsxa 1tsukwa'te I tsxa 'Fe n nata 'ne-k!. ta'xas sel' aqanake'kine' saki iett!qaoxaxalymnex. ts~cal'ena'mne- nata'nek!. qala neon souk tsxaltsukuate'1ne-, tsx1't''n-e nata'ne-k!. ta'xas Iaxa'xe- neis aa'kik.Iuna'me-s. qakile'lne-: "kanmi'yit hentsxalts!ena'xew." nl'ilik140 te'Ine, ya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas ktsilmi'ye-t. wu'lna-ms tsf~cna 'xe ya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas nawetskpayate'Inex. ta'xas yu 'wa ' kme-)nuqka'we-. nanoho'sine- nata'neok!. nula'se- ya.ukue'isukunuhu'sine aa'k.Io '1k I!wa. qa. ut~imeee'tine. so'ukune. neists 145 k.Ia'wa-m qakilc'lne:- "nell so'ukune-; tsen-ok!We'ne q!apilsoukunuhu-'sine- q!ape qa'pse-n nula'n-e nei kenano'ho-s ya.ukue' ika m; at qa'tal'itkene'Ine- qa'psin o 'k!uquna q!apilsouku.. no'ho-s. Q akile'ne- ske'n ku ts: "kanmi'yit ta'xas ne'nko." ta'xas 150 q!u'mne-na'mnex. wu'Ina-ms ts!ena'xe- ske'w-ku-ts. ta'xas yu~wa kme nuqka 'n e-. ta'xas n' u'k!unillu't 1mile.e'tjie-. ja',yas kiyu'kuyi-t ta'xas tsma'k e iutimile.e'tine. n'etke'ne-I ne'le ", at nupsla'tjyi1' utjmil' e. 'tjne-. unaqke 'ne I lka'm 11 aatkenme 'tu.s at no-ku~na'pse- neis wu'om~ q!apil'utime'ikine-. me'ka nej. 155 k~tesqa't!o-k qaqa'na1'utime'ikine-. ta'xas n'upsatiyiltsxa "n enei nata'newk!. neists k!u'pma ske'nvku-ts ta'xas k!e'i1a-'s Ika'm'u 's, qake'ine- k.1xonaqke'nle s k!esqa't!o ks. a' a ke - n' u'zc n e-'kile s at qake'ine': l"hents~calhesapke'Ine- ts::alaqa'ane-kakwe'se n'. hutsxal' e'kine- tsdme 'yit hulala'xya." ta'xas n' upsa'160 teyeltsZanatka',,ne- kaas n'a-qane'keits ne1 nata'ne-k!. ta'zxas naso/ukue-n sa-nlwi'yne-. qake',ne- ske'ii-ktvts qo- ksel'a'ynani pa'Ike1; a~k neis kseltsenke'nadm te'tqa-t! ts pa'Ikei. ta'xas kwa'Ikuwa'yi-t, nei tu'xwa ktsuwalkkwa'yit n'upsla'tiyiI'utnimileal'tnex' tselme'yet.s lawa'xe- ske'rvkwts. ta'xas quna'pe 165 neis ma ya-'kikek.le'ske-. ta'xas selquna'xe- ktsxa'I'e-k kuwise 'n'e-s, ma kqa'ko- kts~ala'qa-ps ku -SC'n'e's. KUTENAF TALES 117 Coyote." Coyote sat on the bird's back. I He sat on the back of the other one, and he also flew up. I Then he shouted again, and he flew back down to I the ground. The two friends, Coyote (and Ya.ukue'ika'm) were glad. Hesaid to the (Thunderbird): I "Don'tbe angry with the people. [I You may scare whoever lies about you." 130 That was Ya.ukue'ika-m's prayer. I Then there were no more thunderbirds. That is the reason I why they do not kill any one now. The thunderbirds only make a noise. I (d) THE ANIMALS MAKE THE SUN The friends went along. The way tie friends Coyote (and Ya.ukue'ika'm) were going along | they heard that the sun was being made. Then I! they started. He was to be the sun. Perhaps the 135 one who was to be taken I would be the sun. Therefore the two went on together. [ Some one was to be the sun. The one who was good was to be taken. ( He was to be the sun. Then they arrived at that town. I They were told: "To-morrow you will start." 11 They meant 140 Ya.ukue'ika'm. Then night came. Early in the morning Ya.ukue'ika-m started, I They waited for him, and he went up. I The sun was red. Because Ya.ukue'ika'm I always' painted his clothing with ochre, I therefore his shadow was bright red. It was not hot. It was good. When|lhe came back, he was told: "You aregood. There is 145 only one thing, everything I is entirely red. Your red paint has done it." I Ya.ukue'ika'm could not do it because he was I bright red. [ Then Coyote was told: "To-morrow you shall go." Then I they 150 slept. Early.ia, the morning Coyote started. Then I he went on. At once it was hot. 1 At noon it was very hot. Shade was made, but [ it was always hot. The children were put into the water of the river, I but the. water burned them. The water was entirely hot. Even I cold water was hot. Then the Sun always talked. ( When 155 Coyote saw a child crying, I he said: "Put it into cold water;" and when he saw I the people eating, he said: "You will give me something to eat, something must be left for me. | I shall eat in the evening when I return." Then the Sunl|told everything that was 160 being done. Then I the chief was angry. Coyote said: "Somebody stole a woman, also the man and, the woman catch each other." Then j it was evening; and when the sun had almost gone down, it remained I always hot. At night Coyote came back. Then he went to |1 where they were eating. He went there to eat I what was left. 165 He said it should be left for him. I 118 118 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYEBt.5 [BULt. 59 (e) THE LYNX CHILDREN Al'a'ke' laxa'xe k!o q!unenanake'ste-k. qanit.la'ane- k!o-'q!ne" naqa'lt.se telnamu7e~s n'asoqo'use-. ts!ena'xe- k!o-'q!uneselts!enakets!kc'lne- na'qpo -ks. tsxal'e -'ko -Is tdlnamu' 'e -s tsxala'ko -Is 170, tsu'o-s. ta'xas laxa'xe- yaki~laqa'pske- suwa'q!amo's. ta'xias n'its!ke'lne- k!o-'q!une-. k!o-ukuumi'yewt.s at n'ukuke-kelke'n~e at ql!a'pZ,-ane-. alaqa-hakeycksc'le-k. kanmi'yet.s at laditslkt'lne-, a/ 'ake- at lao'k!ukike'lkin, ta'xas wune ke't. se' n'upsa'tiyil '0',1se', at n' o'1k!uenqa'nxane-. ta'xas welqa'ane. nei lkam-ukue 'ste k. 175 qake'lne* ma'e's: "qa'la ke'e'.n katituna'la?" qakila'pse' mare-s: "Cneis qa'na'xe' titunc 'ske~i." qake 'he' ma'e.s: "lqa'psins kske'ts!kii " qakila'pse- ma'e's: "scl'ets!ke'ne' Suwa'q!amo-'s n'csttske'lne'. laqawa'xe'." ne1 lkam-ukue'ste-k nulpalni'te'tine' ksaki1' et!qaoxaxa'me 's ktsxal' ina'me 's nata 'ne'k!s. qake 'lne180 nei lkam-ukue'ste'k ktscalts!e'na'm, ktsxza'l'en nata'ne'k!. ta'xas ts!ena'xe'. qa-na'xe'. in'u'p:ýane' sakq!anu'kse- sa-u,~ sa' qa'pse' nul' a'qana 's. n' u pZane- sil' its!ke'lse- kia'1xo-~ s. no 'h1ne' ke 'e'ns titu 'e 's. k!umnaqaqa'pse'. qakc'lne': "Cqa'psin ke'nsil'aqaosa'qa?" qake'ine' k!o-fq~une-. qak'flne': 185 "pee'k!a'ks ni~qa'afle kaa./qa'lt n' a'sne-, ta'xa huseltska'xe', husya'xane' na'qpo-ku, tsxal'e 'iko '1 katelna'mu tsxa'alItsuut kaa 'q alt. huqua'tal'upe'lne.'." qak. la'pse- neis netsta'ha'ls: "Chu'ya-"s a,'ake' laqakc'le'n'." qake'1ne' k!o' q!une': "hutskulmune'iki'l" ta 'xas n' u/P-ýane' nei netsta'halke'ste'k notsu'kse-. 190 qake'ine' k!o-/q!une': "ta'xas lakilkulmune'iki'l." ta'xas la.unakxu 'n 'e'. ta'xas n' u 'pane' nei netsta'halkt 'steik yunaqa'pse' suwa'q!amo-'s. ta'ý:as tsukua'te' aa'kenq!a'woks. ta'xas q!akpa'kitncjnxo'unc' nei suwa'q!amo. n'uPJY-ane' titU'le's slateqkaltke'nse'. n'uk!lateqkatkc'nse'. ta 'xas n'umatsna'ate'. 195 tseika'te k!o "q!une- sanmuxuna'kse- suwa'q!amo. qakla 'pse': "t'as hentsxal'Atmase'jte'." ta'x.cas no'hune-. mitiya 'xnesukuclq!o ukune' k!u 'p-ya aa'qa'lt!e 's. qak.la'pse' "hutsts!enaxala'anle' nei ya'akil'itiya'mke,nata'ne'k!. ta'xas nc'n'ko slats!ename'lne- tclnamu "ne's,." (d) THE ANIMALS MAKE, THE SUN (CONTINUED) 200 Ta'xas ts!ena'xe' ne'tstahaLke'ste'k. laxa'x.e' neis aa'kek.lunalme's. ta'xas qak.la'pse-' nasof,,kle-n: "kanmi'yi't hentsxalta'xas yu 'wakine nuqka'n'eo. to 'xua n' esqat.ie. c'tjne*. ta'xas tska'-nuqka'n-e ta'xas to'ýcua ntutimile.t'tine. ta':Zas 205 to'2pa kiyu'kiyit. n'ut imile.etlne". ta'xas kiyu'kiyit. ta'xas n'utimile. e'tine-. n'itkene'lne' nc'le-. ta':Fas laqa'haq!akwu 'm" BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 119 (e) THE LYNX CHILDREN The two young Lynxes (Short Faces) arrived. There was the tent of Lynx.. His wife had two children, twins. Lynx started I to look for soup. His wife was to drink it in order to get||milk. He 170 arrived where the salmon were. I Lynx looked for them. One day he got one. I He ate it all. He staid there another night. On the following day he looked again, I and he got one more. He was there a long time, but he kept nothing I because he ate it at once. Then the two children grew up. II One of them said to his mother: "Who 175 is our father?" His mother said: I "Your father went that way." He said to his mother: "What I is he looking for?" His mother said: "He is looking for salmon for you, I but he did not come back." The two children listened, I and went together where somebody was to be the sun. 1I The children said: "We will go, we shall be the sun." I 180 Then they started. They went. They saw a lake. I There was an old man. He was looking for fish. I They knew it was their father. He was poor. They said to him: I "What are you here for?" Lynx said, he said to them: || "Long ago I had two children. Then I 185 started I to look for soup, which my wife was to drink to get milk for my children. I can not kill them." He was told by the youths: I "Well, say that again." Lynx said: "I I raise the water with you.' Then the two youths saw the water rising. 11 Lynx said: "Let the 190 water go down with you." And | the water went down. Then the, two youths saw I many salmon. They took sticks and I killed the salmon. They saw their father I going after them. He went after one to kill it, and they laughed at him. II Lynx looked at the pile of 195 salmon. He was told: I "Now you try!" Then he knew it. He ran after them. I He was glad. He knew they were his children. He was told: " We are going I where they are playing sun. You I go back to your wife." II (d) THE ANIMALS MAKE THE SUN (CONTINUED) Then the two youths started, and they arrived at the town. I They 200 were told by the chief: "To-morrow you I will go." One night passed, and early he started. I Then he went up. It was almost cool. Then I he came up, and it was almost warm. When 1I it was almost noon, it 205 was warm. Then at noon I it was warm. Shade was made. Then 120 120 I3BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHN~OLOGY[BL.5 [BULL..59 ne'. naq!a'kuwum at naqtsiya'mne' alaqahaq!akuwu 'mile'. n'upsatiytl'esqat!o'k,,ne- at qats-ya'nwe' nata'ne-k!. ta'xas k!onanu 'qkua. ta'xas to >ua laqa. utimile.e't~ne*. ta'xas kwal210 kwa'ye t. t-a'xas laqa. utimile. e'tine-. ta'xas- wune 'ke'tine' kwat!me'nu'qka' wune'ke'tine. ta'xta' ta' xas ktselmi'yet, ta'xas lawa'xe' nei uctsta'hal. qake'ine' nasofukue-n: "'seso~ukune' nata'ne'k!*. ta'xas tsxal'~noe' nata'ne'k s." qakile'lne' nao*'k!ue-: "tselme'yct ne'n'ko- ncnts!ena'xe'. ntsxal'e'n-e- tsdl215 miyetna 'mu." ta'xas ktselmi'yit. ta'xas ts!ena'xe' nao-/ k ue k!o "q!une 'na'na. ta'xas yu 'wakme'nuqkan'i e-. ta'xas noq!ukye'tine- sukwilo'k!ukye'tine'; at to'xua n' ohu'lne' q!a'pe' qa'psin nei tselme'yetna'mu. to'xua wuleit at wo'kat~'ne' qa'psin. ta'xas selso 'ukune' tslme 'yetna'ru nata'ne 'k!. ta'xas 220 a'a,,'ke' seltsukiuateflne. tsxa'l' e 'r nata'ne 'k! tsclme 'yitna'mu. Ta'xas kanmi'yet wu'lna'ms ts!ena'xe' ske'n-ku'ts. sdlsa'nelwiyna'ate- nata'ne'k!s, o'lk!uquna kma'ta ps nasofukueons. la,-a'xe' qo- "s yaqa'ka lyu wakme'nuqkuafske-. qawesaqa 'aile' nawctsnulk!o 'une- nat a'ne-k!s. ta'xas kiyuwa.kmenu'qkua 225 n'up.-ana'pse- nata'ne'k!s neis ksclsa 'nilwi'yna 't. ta'xas luqua-lsa-'nilwiynata'pse' naq!ako'ptse'itseo a'k!e-'s il'up:ýaile-pal1 pee-'k!a'ks selaq!aku'pse' a'k!e' 's. ta'zxas nelqa'nmc'te' a'k!e "sts t!awu-"e's. ta'xas nutscnqkupe'kc'me-k neis ya'qawaxme'tke' a'k!e-'sts t!awu"e's. ta'xas naq!alikwa.e'tse-. ta'xas nanuta'p2030 se 0 neis a a'akeiq!o'ko-ps. n'u'p,ý:ane' pal pt'k!a-ks sel'axa,,nExoona 'pse' aa,'kenq!o'ko'ps. n'up).ý,ane selq a 'hamaname 'Sine o qa'o,-al'etq!ankekqa'ane--. yu-halhaqakii'pse' se't!e-s. ta'xas qa'talhoko-'une- qayaqanmete 'nq!o kupzýu.'se'. t a'xas at sciaqaqa' afle' at qa'talhaq!a'likwa'i't aatkama'anam. ta'xas 235 scl''ne' nata'ne'k!s k!o "q!uneonanake'ste-k. Huselq!a'pqalq!a'nuxwa'te' 55. THE PEOPLE TRY TO KILL YA.UKUEIIKFA. M Ho'ya's a'a'ke' hutsxal' atsxamu'n' e' yat.ukile' ika'ma yaqal'upiQ ahak.luna'mne' saosaqa' aile' ya. ukue 'ika 'm neis aa'kek.Luna'me's. n'ok!unilsa'hanilwiynata'pse' aqlsma'kinek!s. ta'xas n'5 n'e' kuwe'lqa netsta'hal Uu'u p--zane' kts~cal'upe'le'l. qalwi'ynae': "ma at~lO'fllymaatSUISlsanw'ntkakinck~na,"mu, mc'ksa'n nei yaksa'han qa'psin pal at ku'si'lu'pe'l." n'onila'pse' aqisma'kinek!s. qaoupxa'se- kaas laa'qake'n'a 'ps. ta'xas n'upla,' pse'. xunmetqla'psee aa'kenme'tuks. ta'xas aqlsma'kinek! sukcwcl10 q!u'kune' k!u'pi'l ya.ukue'ika-ms, ta'xas nuqona'me'k q la'pe'-. qaklt 'e'ln qaspe'l' uk: " hentsxzalhanokwi" te' aa'kcuql-u'pin. htntsx~alt el-~k1aae- ta'I as ts!en'alu'nisna'mne'. n'cn'e' BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 121 they were not perspiring any more. I When they were perspiring, they swam in the water, and they stopped perspiring. I The water was always cool. The Sun did not talk. Then, I when he went down, it was not warm. Then II he went down, and it was not hot. After 210 some time I he went down. Some time passed, and it became dark. I Then the youth came back. The chief said: I "The Sun is good. He shall be the Sun." The other one was told: I "You shall go at night." He was to be 11 the Moon. Then it was dark. Then the 215 other I young Lynx started. He went up, and I.the Moon shone brightly. Almost everything could be seen by the Moon. They could almost recognize things at a distance. ) Then the Moon was good, and II he also was taken. He was to be the Moon. 1 220 Early the next day. Coyote started. I He was angry at the Sun, because the chief had rejected him. I He arrived at the place where the Sun rises. He staid there, I aiming at the Sun. Then, II when he 225 saw the Sun coming up, he was angry. Then (the Sun) I was angry with him, and made his arrow burn. (Coyote) saw that I his arrow was burning. Then he threw awayhis arrow and his I bow. Then he ran, after he had thrown away I his bow and his arrow. Then the ground began to burn, and I the fire pursued him. He saw that I the 230 fire had almost caught up with him. He saw there was a trail. Then he lay down quickly, and his blanket was burned over, but he could not burn, and the fire went by him. 1 Therefore the trails do not burn. 1 Then the two young Lynxes were Sun and Moon. 235 It is all finished. I 55. THE PEOPLE TRY TO KILL YA.UKVE'IKA'M Now I will talk more about Ya.ukue'ika-m, how he I was killed and came to life again. There was a village, and there was the tent of Ya.ukue'ika'm. I At one time the people became angry at him. He was now I[ a full-grown 5 man, and he knew that he would be killed. He thought: I "Don't let me be afraid. Don't let me be angry at my people, only I at those bad things that I have killed." The people were afraid of him, I and did not know what to do with him. Then they killed him I and threw him into the river. The people were glad [1 because they had killed 10 Ya.ukue'ika-m. Then they all broke camp. I Crane was told: "You shall drag a young tree. I You shall cover our tracks." Then they started. It was I winter time, and they made tracks on the snow. 122 12'2 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [~L.5 [BULL. 59 wanu'Nyitna/'ino ne's aa'k!alukuc'l'e s. naqsanmi'yet kuq nani 'yam qao'wesu'qune- qo's ya'wo's ya.ukue'ika-m. qa.u'pZ,-ane15 aqlsma'kinek! neis pc'k!a-ks mae'se-s ya.ukuefika-ms ma kts!e'nas ya'wo's wu'o-s, ma kqahakilha'qaps ya.ukue'ika-ms qo'sts ma kqake'ika s wu'o-s. se1' aqakc'ive- kxunme'tqo I ya.ukue'ikawms. ta'xas qawisu 'qjie ya.ukue'ika-m. ta'xas nekina'pse kia'1xo-'s O 'k!uquna ke'e n up'na'mo 's, sel' aqaqana'ane- nei kia'kxo- ke'20 e-k aa,'kulak!~se-s. n'u'p,_ane- ya. ukue'ika-m pal pc'kla-ks sla'tiyil'ekana'pse- kia'kxo.'s aa.,k.e'k!e s. qanaqle 'kX~ane-. qak 'lie-: "ICqa'psin kensel'ikina'pkiJI ' qakila'pse- ne-s kia'4xo-'s: " huqaa'psi sa nilwi'ynatawa'sane-. qa'psi-n kenselqana'qlekxana'was? hoseIae'tkenawa'sane-." ta'x as la. up~a'me k ya.ukue/ika-m. 25 qakdla'pse -neis kia'kxo-'s ta-'xas Ia. u'pan'. hentsxalts!ena'xe. nei qanaxa'mnex maats, qalwiP'ye-n' kwunt'ke-t kuqnani'yam. nula'n e- qaspe'Iuk nanukue 'ite aa,'kuqlu 'pins. s~t!esle4cokaq'anle. qalwi'yne- ktntsqa. upa'me '1 yaqana~u'n-isname'ske_." ta'xas ya.uk~le'ika-m La.upa'xe nets ko'os. ta'xas tseika'te-. 30 nu' 'p:ýalle- yaqanak!a~uki~e'ske-. ta'xas ts!ena 've- naq anqalsanmP-'yet.s xa-'tsas k!u'p~ca ko'o's.* ta'xas n';u' p-ane* qa-qa'anenq!oku'pse- neis ko'o-s. n'up:&,ne- neis w~'na-ms klskelqakxaLu 'n-isna'me-s. ts!ena'xe- qaha' na'xe-. nulpa'lne- qaspe 'L'uks suwasxuna c'kse-. laxa'nxo 'une-. q ake 'Lne " qa 'psins kenu 'pskein 35 naa, aa'kuq~u'pin?" qake'ine- qaspe'L'uk: "seL'aqsanmi'yet-s nu pilil 'ne- ya. ukue 'ika-m- xunnitqul 'l' ne-. sl' onlelc'ne-, na 'pit La.e tq!a'n'xa-m tsxa~a"nixo~un e 'stka; tsi:aL' okuetka 'a110.-huseIqaki'l~ne- kuLano-'kueit na a, a'akuqlu'pin; na'pit La.itq!a_'nA~a'm ya. ukue' ika m tsxa~qa. u'p2.:ale- aa' kamana'me s." q!akpakit40 xo'une- qaspe'Luks. Is!ena'xe ya.ukue-fika-m laxa,,no'unetdlnamu.c'se-s. aa'ake q!akpakitxzo'11nex ts!ena'xe', u 'U'pxIIC senaxa me/sine-. laxa'nxo 'une,. I' u'p:ý:ne-pal n' c'nse atsawa'ts!e-s. sla-'hatiyiL'lla'se-, qakt'kse-: "na'as at ma qa-nila~a'panekaatsa'wats! ya.ukue/1ka-m; at ma o'nila'pse- aqlsma'kinek!s. 45 na 'sosanme'ye'tske- k!u'plaps, ta'xas kok!umnaqa'qa, koho'was. k.Laqao ne'Laps aq~sma-'kinek!s, kanul'a'qana k.la'lo 's tsa'ye s." nalxo'use aaqa~t!e'se-s. ta'xa nei Lkam-u qa'k.Le-k ne'its!uq!s. ya. ukue 'ika m qunatsa'aXiane- neis Lka'm-u's. tseikata'pse-, nupx.ana'pse-. qake'Lne- ma'e's ne'its!uq!: "neis n't' nw 50 ya.ukue'ika-m ka'xa." ta'xa ma'ews ne',ts!uq! luquaq!a'nkewkelwitske'kinw. sncts!lae'nsew. *n,41so xa'xe ya.ukue'ika-m. neis ktseika'ta-ps neis atsawa'ts!ews,, lo'unex qaLwi'yne- nei pa'lkei ks1' aqane'tsaps xzale'e s. qanla'Lte-. qake 'lne-: "a:, qa.u'p.Ta kaas n'a-qa'nikitna~a'pe's k!upe'Lews kaatsawa'ts!miL..55 kso,,saLk!o mna'qalts!akc'ktaksawa'se s aqlsma'kinek!." ta'xas lae Ia'naxwa'te k neis ke'at ya.ukue'1ka ms at'ake- laqakc'n~e, nets Lka'm-u's ya.ukue'ika-m; a'a'ke- laqaqna',ne- ne, pa'lke, BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 123 A few days after they had broken camp I in winter, Ya.ukue'ika'm was down below. The people did not know | that Ya.ukue'ika-m's mother 15 had gone I down into the water, and that Ya.ukue'ika'm was born there I and had come from the water. Now, when they had thrown Ya.uk"e'ika-m I into the water in winter, then the fish ate him I because he was dead. Therefore the fish did so. 1I They ate up his body. 20 Ya.ukue'ika'm knew at once that the fish I were eating of his feet, and he kicked them. He said: I "Why are you eating me?" The fish said to him: "We are I not angry at you. Why do you kick us? I We are restoring you." Then Ya.ukue'ika-m knew himself.'11 The fishes said to him: "Go ashore! You shall go. I The people 25 went in that direction. I Don't think that it is a long time since they broke camp. I Crane dragged a young tree along to cover their tracks. They thought you would not know which way they went." I Then Ya.ukue'ika-m went ashore to the village site. He looked at it II and 30 saw which way they had gone. He started. After about [ three or four days he saw a village site. He saw that there was ( some fire left at the village site. He knew that they had started from there early in the morning. I He started and went along. He heard Crane I singing. He reached him, and said to him: "What are you doing (I with that young tree?" Crane said: "Several days ago 1 35 Ya.ukue'ika'm was killed and was thrown into the water. We are afraid he may I come back to life, and he will go the way we are going and will kill everybody. I I have been told to drag along this young tree, so that, if he should come back to life, I he may not recognize the trail." Then (Ya.ukue'ika'm) knocked I1 Crane down. 40 Ya.uk"e'ika'm went on, and reached I Crane's wife. Then he knocked her down. He started, and saw l somebody going along. He reached that person, and saw that it was his sister-in-law. ( She went along crying. She said: "My.brother-in-law Ya.ukue'ika'm used to take me along this way. | The people were afraid of him, 11 and the 45 other day they killed him. Now I am poor. I am hungry, I for the people are not afraid of him. My husband's brother is no more." She carried her child on her back. Her child's name was Duck.2 I Ya.ukue'ika'm poked the child with a stick. The child looked at him I and saw him; and Duck said to his mother: |I "Uncle Ya.u- 50 kue'ika'm is here." Then the mother of Duck turned around and looked. I There was a tree, and Ya.ukue'ika'm had gone behind it I when his sister-in-law looked at him. There was nothing there. The woman thought I her child had told a lie. She struck him. She said to him: "Oh, I don't you know how I feel because my brother-in-law has been killed? II The people make us suffer." I She 55 was crying while she was naming Ya.ukue'ika-m; I and Ya.ukue'ika'm 1~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~- Prbby"aetohssne. Seisukon I Pro~bably 11 came to his senses." 2 Species unknown. 124 124 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 qanla'lte --ale'e-s. qake'ine- ya.ukue'ika'm:,qalpsins kenu'pske-n' lka'm-u? hcnt!aktsxo'une.-" lo-qua'q!ankikc'witske/kjneq 60 ma'e-s n2,,'its!uq! palt sEmak!ke'ks0 xale'e-s pal sclwa'seya.ukue,'ika ms, pat-a.itq!anzxa'mse,. qake 'ine- nei pa'lkei: I'hoso'kuilq!u'kunc- ke"nwa-m. hok?umna'qaqwala'alne-.,tsa'ane~s n'e'lwa iya'mo-'s at tsukuakf'sine.. ka'min tax na huna'mkehula'xe hutsx-al'itke'ne- kaB,'kct. Iatsxaltsukuatne lu-laa-'k!65 1a-k a'a,'ke- atula.et.likjnatc'tjn3-I, honu'kwce a',,'ke at latsukuate'lne-. ta'ixas tsilmi'yet, ta'ixas at lo',unc ka,,,ke't.la. k.la'wa-m k!a-"nam at yunaqa'I/ane- ka'b.xouI aku'lak tsu'pqa, tsa-'ane s at n'o 'k!uil o'use-, pal at Wo ukuiltsuku ale's ille -n'clwa tsu'pqa's. ta'zxas ato nowasanala'ane-. tselmi'yet. s u 'zte k 70 naso'ukueon at naqanke'lne- ne'its!uq!s. at niktxonem-u'wea~kla'm''sc s ne'its!uq!s." qake'ine- ya.ukue'ika.m: "ta'xa lu'n-u. ts!ena'ke-il henlaxa'ke-il. htn'e-'tkin aa,"ket.la"ne's qala-nqa'lwiy tsi.zaltso 'ukua t ineis kcniek'nate'tme 1 atentsqanla'lte-. a'a,'ke ne'its!4q!s qao -x~al'etke'nwe aa,'qa'tsko-'s aa'k. la75 m'cse-s." q ake'lne -: "na~qa'nk.lo -s naso'11kue -n, qa'k.le-s ktsektxone,"mo aak.la'mne 's'mH-, hentsxalqa'oxalqa'luqka'la'mc'lne-." ta'zxas ts!ena-'xe ma-'atimo. ne'its!uq!. ts!ena 'xe ya. ukue '1ka-m neis yaqa'nak!alukwe 1e'ske-. fl' U'px,,nlltsa" e s qakc'lne-: "ktn'c'lwa iya'mo?" qake'ine-: "pe'k!a-ks hon'ilu80 wa're". tsukuate 'ne-. a'a,'ke- hosel aana'xe- at qaqalqaq a'ane-. hon'e'l,,wa iya'mo at tsukuat6'lne-. nai'ka yuna'qa at n'o-'kultsukuattflne-. ta'xas tselmi'yet. s hulala'xa m atonowa'sine-ts a'a,'kekatelna'muts kaa'a,'qalt. hok!umnaqaqa'ane-." qake-'lne- tsa"e-s ya. ukue'ikatm: "ta'xa lu'w-u la.e ts!kc'le-n' tso'pqa. a' a'ke 85 henlae'luwa qa'la qa'lwi~y ktsxaltso'ukuat hentsxalmitiya'xane-. hentsqanla'lte.hentsqake'lne-: maats tsukuafte n', henqa'lwiy kentstso 'ukua t hutsmetx,,ne'sine*.'" qake 'ine- ya. ukue' 1ka m: "ka'mina hutsxalqame'txane* tsu'pqa. taxta-' kaume'yet.s hutsxalme'txane. ta'xas ts!ena'xe nei tc'tqa-t!. n'upe'lne90 tsu'pqa-'s, nutsa'se- qa'la-s qalwi'ysoe kts--raltso',ukua~ts. mit1 -ya'Xane- qanlaltmu'n-e aakenq!a'wo'ks. qakc'lne-: "na'pit henqa'lwiy kentstso',ukuat na koe'l,,wa huts'uple'sine-. ma ken'upe'Iki-l ka'ta-t. ta'xas huts.:alsa nilwiynateske'lne -." n'ounile'Iue- neis k!aqa'qana. k.la'xa-'m ma,'atimo xne1'ts!uq! 95 ta'xas nilikinate'tinee tsxalyaqa-ý'it.la',ake-. ta'xas kul'e'itki-n, ta'xfsas a'ake- n'etke'n'e' Iouk!s. qalwi-yname'sine- ktsx-altsukua'tLie s. mete ixaka'ane-. tu 'xua qanialtimumokua'ane- aatquta'Ie s. (neis, pc'k!aks aqlsma'kinek! at n'cn-se aquta'I'e s folOukue-ys popo'es; aa~q!a'le-s at n'cnse- ktsek!ets!Ia.enxo' mo.) 100 fl'0nele'lne, at-skilqaqaqana'ane-ts k!aqaq'qna. sel'a&qal'oiziilc'Ine-. to'xua ktsuwalk-wa'yit.s wa'se- nuIaqa86~"e-S n~aq!awu 's&-. n.Inko 'e-s suk.le.e't. se yvaqaa t. Ia'ake y unaqa 'pse' aa,-koxne BOAS] KUTENAT TALES 125 did the same thing to the child; and the woman did the same again, she struck her child. Then Ya.uk"e'ika'm said: "Why do you I do that to the child? You hurt him." The mother of Duck turned round quickly, 11 and it was true what her son had said. Ya.ukue'ika-m 60 had arrived I and had come back to life. Then the woman said: I "I am glad that you arrived. We are poor. I When your brother kills game, they take it away from him. When I go along I and put up my tent, it is taken away from me; II and when I go to another 65 place and make my tent and finish it, I it is taken away again. Then it is dark and I have no tent. I When the hunters come back and bring much deer meat, I your brother alone has not any, for they take away all I the deer he kills. Then in the evening we are hungry. When the chief defecates, I1 they call Duck, and he must rub him I 70 with his head." Ya.uke'ika'm said: "Now I go on! When you get there, make your tent, [ and if any one wants to take the place that you have arranged, strike him; [and put flint on the head of Duck." (1 He said to him: "When the chief calls you, and when he 75 tells you I to rub him with your head, then hit him with your head." I Then Duck and his mother started. Ya.ukue'ika'm started I and went along where the snow was trodden down. He saw his younger brother. I He said to him: "Don't you kill any game?" He said: " I have killed some, |I but it was taken away from me; and 80 I went hunting again, but it is like that always. I If I kill game, it is taken away from me. Even if it is much, it is all taken- away from me. I Then in the evening, when I get home, I and my wife and child are hungry. I I am poor." Then Ya.uk"e'ika'm said to his brother: I "Go on; look for deer! and II if you kill it and some one tries 85 to take it away from you, go after him I and strike him, and say: 'Don'ttakeit. If you try I to take it, I'llshoot you.'" Ya.ukue'ika-m said: I "I shall not shoot deer. Later on in the morning I I'll shoot some." Then the man started and killed II a deer. Somebody went 90 up to him and intended to take it. He went after him I and struck him with a stick. He said to him: "If I you try to take what I kill, I'll kill you. I You have killed my elder brother; now I'll get angry with you." I Then they were afraid of what he had done. When Duck and his mother arrived, II she cleaned a place for their 95 tent; and when she had finished, | she got firewood. Then they wanted to take it away from her, I but she went after them and struck them with her ax. I (In former times the people had for their axes I stone hammers and antler wedges, which they used for splitting trees.) 1I The people were afraid, for she had not done before 100 as she did now; therefore they were afraid of her. I It was almost evening when her husband arrived. He carried meat. I She had a good place for their tent, and mucli wood. I Then at night the chief 126 BUREAU. OF AMERICANi ETHNOLOGY [BLILL. 59 yi' e s. ta'x~as ktstlmi'yct.s n'anaxa"mue- naso',ukue-n n'uxte'k. naqankt'lnae- ne'1ts!uq!s. qakc'lne-: " ne:ts!uq!, pek!ako-- 105 n'ct!ko':une-." n'anaxa"mne- ne'jts!uq!, qao'ixal'qaluqkala"'mne' aa'k! ala>xekp!se s neis naso'0,kue-ns. qak.la'pse-: "'qa-k, ma'qa-k n'upla'pane-. qa'psin lensq!a,'we- aa'k.la'rmvc's'm-l." qatscnk!apalte'le-k `e'jts!uq!. qa-wazxzamoxu'-e- nei naso'ukue-n. pal sl'upla'pse- ne'jts!uq!s. tac'xas selqa'lsal'upelka'ane Xa'atimo' 110 ne'its!uq!. mak!upe'l-l qaspc'l'uk telnamo'"timo, al'a'ke k upe'li-l nei naso /ukue-n. qao-xaza'mne-. tseikatc'ne-. sao~saqa 'anee ya. ukue'ika m. n'up-Ta'lne- pal awa'xe-. tsxanatamna 'mnev. qakiya'mne-: "pal wa'xe- ya~ukue'ika~m, pal-aetq!anxa-"mne* pal sl'aqaqana-'ane- ne'its!uq! ala-kine'k!timo ksaha'nse-k." ta'xas 115 amn'onclc'lne- ya.uklle'1ka-m. ta'xas n'cnc kwc'lqa naso'0 -kue-ns neis aat'kck.luna'me*s. Ta'xas husclq!apqalpalnEmc1ne'le yaqaqana'ak-e- neis pe'k!a-ks ya. ukue/ ika-m. 56. COYOTE AND DOG (a) COYOTE MISSES THlE DEER Qa net.la'ane skc'iv-ku ts, n'c'nse- telnamu"e s Xa'jltsin. Wfl'tfl wa'nuyetna'mu. xa'altsints a'a'ke' a-laqa'lt!e-s qsama'lne- na-vaxaq!anu 'k,,ne. qa-nquluk!pku'pse-. q!axo 'ne- neis p'k!a-ks tsu'pqa at nEk!a'akinceX neis kq!a'xo Xa'altsin a-qulu',k!pkups 5 n'aqts:ýuna'ktse- tsu'pqa-, pa-l sank a'akine* neis k!aqtsjcuna'ke*s qakxalanaqu'mla sxu-'ne-. pa I kwe'Iko s mitiya'x1ine' xa 'alt5~ll laxza'np '0ne-. tsenqatk'ene neis tsu'pq a 's. qakt'ne- alaqa'lt!e s: ",lats!enyaxa'ke 'I ala kine-'k enc 'ski I. tsxzalme 'tIxane." la'ats!en kesqku'peke 'me k nei lkam uk~~ 'ste k. nao 'k!ue. qa'k. Ic k mes10 qolo 'wum, nao 'k ue- qa'k.le-k q!ota'ptse-k!. mesqolo 'wum ny'n'ie netsta'hhl1, q!o-ta'ptse-k! n'en-e na.u'te-. la-laxa'xe' aa'ket.la'e-s. qakc'ne tctu"e-s. qake'ine-: "ka'ma kents!na'me-l tseaikc'n e* tsu'pqa 's."' ske 'iiku ts n' anmuqkupnu>xo nka'me k. tsek!k-'n e- aa'kuqlu 'pe ns, a'a'ke- n' aselyaqe 'ite metsqo'ko15 lt'na-'s. laGrtinaza "mne. loq!ualkfn-e aa'~ko-k!"ats,,nko "e-s. qao.ýa 'xWi. y-ek!taxoune q!u'luwa-s qaqsa'qapta'kse- ki'e-k. n e'kine-. ta'xas n'itke'we t!awu"e s a'a'ke- nai'maq!makaxne'le-k rnctsqokohe'lna-'s. ta'xas ts!ena'xe--, laxa'xe*. sawetsqatke 'nse tclnamu' e s. nalikine 'le-k. pal kuwe 'Iko-'s neis y~qa 'wets20 kc'nske* ttlnamu-"e-s tsipqa-'s. u's'me ks qa'-Nkilt!ats!a'niliiukuc'n-e. qake'lne: "ta'zxas pesla:'tekc'rven'." ta'xas xia/altsin pesla:tke 'new. qanaketsluxune 'le k tsu'pqa-. me'tx ne, ske 'rvku ts. qa'le n tstdUx.O 0Se. yuna 'kine'Inc*. ta l'xas naoko qapka'aI Or xa'altsina a5ke-, also without -Is Va'&ke. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 127 went out. I He called Duck and said to him: "Duck, II I am cold." 105 Duck went out and hit I the chief with his head. He said: "Stop, I stop! It hurts me. Something must be on your head." I Duck did not mind it. Then the chief fell down. I Duck had killed him. Thus three were killed by Duck and his uncle 11 - Crane and his wife 110 were killed, I and the chief was killed. They went there and looked, and there was I Ya.ukue'ikk-m. They knew he had arrived. They talked to one another, I and they said to one another: "Ya.ukue'ika'm has arrived. He has come back to life. I That is the reason why Duck and his parents have done so, for they were angry." Thenll they were more afraid of Ya.ukue'ika'm. He was a great chief I in 115 the town. I Now I have finished telling what I Ya.ukue'ika'm did long ago. | 56. COYOTE AND DOG (a) COYOTE MISSES THE DEER Coyote lived in a tent. His wife was Dog. It was winter time. Dog and her children with her went out I for fuel. There was a stump. She chopped it down. For a long time I a deer used to have a hole there in the stump that Dog chopped down. 11 The deer 5 was hit when it fell. There was its hole. It was broken. I The deer jumped out quickly. There was snow on the ground, and Dog followed the deer. I She caught up with it and caught it by the tail. She said to her children: I "Go and get your parent. He shall shoot it." ] The two children started to run. One was named I Misqolo'wum; 10 the other one was named Q!ota'ptsek!. Misqolo'wum I was a boy; Q!ota'ptsek! was a girl. They arrived I at their tent and spoke to their.father. They said: "Mother says you should come I and take the deer." Coyote ran out quickly. I He split a little tree 1 and he broke in two a bush.2 I[ He went in again and pulled off quickly his 15 hair band. I He went there. He spilled rose hips, which were all the food that they had. ( He ate them. Then he made a bow, and he quickly made two arrows I out of the bush.2 Then he started. He got there, and his wife stood there I holding the tail. He had snowshoes on his feet. There was much snow where 1I his wife was hold- 2( ing the deer. First he tramped down the snow in front of her, and 1 said to her: "Now let go!" Then Dog I let go of the deer. The deer was running in the deep snow. Coyote shot. ( Just then (the deer) broke through the snow and fell. The arrow went over 1 Species unknown. 2 Species unknown; a bush with white berries that are not edible. 128 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 nf.a ak lamet'b. noe. qa'le -n yu haqama wesqa'pse -n'o-noeIna25 kine'lne'. ta'xas laletka' ane ske'n-ktrts. ta'xas tsi'pq a ts!ena'ye-. ta'xas ske'n-ktuts s~y-u'k!kuaka~te-. qa-qawcsqa'arne xa' altsill. nunuq!ue'le-k. ske'niiu-ts luq!ualke'n-e-t!a'wumka"ye-s. qanaqku'plaltmu'we -aa,'k.la-kwu'ut!e-s neis tsu'pqa 's. t!a'wumka" e-s lae'tu k!ua'tsenk!une mu 'n e.nutsenqkupekc '30 me-k neis yaaqana'ske- tsu'pqaaS. pal k.lale'twout qa'psins a'qana. Q ake'lne- xa'altsills: "ne'ntsxa K1'u'psinama 'me n' Ikamnefynte-k." qa'psin tsxa'l'o ts telnamu"e-s alaqa'lt!e s. pal ko'k.louk xa'altsints aa,'qa'lt!e$s. n'e'nse- aa'quta'l'e-s nao'-- 35 k!"e's n't'nse- popo"e-s selq!axomu'n-e. nais lo'uk!us. qa-qakqa'pse-. lats!ena'xe- aa'ket.la'e~s. k.lala'za-m tseika'te- ki'e-k la:lo'use q!u-'111wa~s. qakc'lne- alaqa'lt!e-s: "lqa'psins ksila'lukoukcna'la." qak.la'pse-: "naula'-e- alka'kinek!na'la." ta'xas nuquna 'me-k. nuwa'sine- pal k!unuq!uwu'le-k. kiyuk!ka'aka-t 40 tsu'pqa*'s neists a'a,'ke k!okxa'le-'s q!u'luwa-s. ta'xas sel-itqawtimxo 'ure k. (b) COYOTE ROASTS SHREWS Ta'xas ts nalone'sinw. nab.xo'une- aakqulUma"e-s. q!uta'ptse-k! yukueko'111ne-. ta-'xas ts!ena'.-.e- neis yaqa'na-q!mabekma'lske- skc'n tu tsts tsu'pqa-'s. qa:na'xe- skt n-ku ts. ta',ýas 45 n'anike 'ise. aatk!aqa'yt!e-s. tseika'te-. n'u'p:.ýane- pal yunaqa'pse- tstnlana'na-'s, pal slaqaqa'pse kMane'ke's aa'k!aqa'yt!e s. tsukuafte- a,,kenq!a'wo-ks. t!azxo'1ne aak!aqa'yt!e s. palts yunaqa'pse- neis laqa' nalikine'le-k,2a a'ake- layunaqa'pse-. lat!axo 'one. ta'xas welkanmoxona'kse- qa nqu'lIuk!pku 'pse-. sen-- 50 mc'tex. naqtsxo,,na'kse-. n'e'lkine-. ta'xas luk!rno'unex. qa~n moxuna'kse aa'a'ke- qao~xa"ntew. ta'xas n e'kine-. Q a-nalonc 'sine )a 'altSlll. tino~a 'Xeoskeik!a 'nqalu 'se-. qake 'ine q!uta-'ptse-k!. o'k!uquna kalxo'unaps ma"e-s SI'aqalsu'kuil'ufp~cane. qake'lne- ta't!e-s: "qo's nenq!okup-ýan4'kse- tetu,"55 e-s." (O, palutsik malenke'new me'ka q!uta'ptse-k! n'e'sinil'omosa'ye-; mesqulo'uwo-m n' c'sjnilhab.-ona'pse- ma"e-s.) qake'lne,tsuie s: "qo"s nenq!okup_-ane'kse- a'lka-kjne'k!nala' e-s." qa na 'xe a'altSin- qalwi'yne- nei Ika'm-u ke'e-ns neis ka'noits tctu",e s tso'pqa 's. pal kano 'ho's ne,s aq!ulu 'k!pkups slaqake 'i60 no'. qalwi'yne- skumale'e-ts. ta'xas n'aqat!o~xa'xe'. ta'xzas sukuelq!anke'jne* nei lkam-ukuc'ste-k. ta'xas k! aqat!o"'xam qanawetske 'kine- xa'altsil. fl' U'P,_(aflO Pal tsEma 'k!ke'ksw alaqa'lt!e-s. pal nakumale.e't.se-. ta'xas to/xua laxa'xex. sukuilq!u'kune- xa-'altsin pal ko'wa-s. ma k.la-'lo-us ki'e-k. laqats:Fa'se65 alaqa'lt!e-s. k.la'xam latseika'te' pal ll'UpcallO pal q~a.e'nseo BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 129 it. Then he had one more arrow, I and he shot again. Just then (the deer) stood right on the snow, and the arrow went under it. II Coyote had no more arrows. Then the deer I left, and it escaped 25 from Coyote. There stood I Dog. She was hungry. Coyote pulled off the bowstring. ( He struck the deer with his bow stave. I He again used the bowstring as his hair band. Then the deer ran along. 11 He was without a bow with which to do I anything. 30 He said to Dog: "Take the children along. " I What should his wife and his children go to get? I Dog and her children were tired. She had an ax 1I and a hammer, with which she chopped the wood. 1 35 It was left there. She went back to her house. When she came back, she looked for food, I and there were no more rose hips. She said to her children: "How does it happen that all our food is gone?" I She was told: "Our parent did it." Then 1 they moved camp. They were hungry because they had nothing to eat, the deer having been saved II and the rose hips also having been eaten. Then 40 they had [.nothing to eat. I (b) COYOTE ROASTS SHREWS They started, going away. She carried her parflfche. Q!ota'ptsek! I was on top of it. Then Coyote started, and I went the way in which the deer tracks went. Coyote went along. Then |I his snow- 45 shoes were heavy. He looked, and saw that there were many I shrews. Therefore his snowshoes were heavy. I He took a stick. He shook his snowshoes. There were a great many. I When he went on on his snowshoes, there were many more, and he shook them again. I There was a great pile. There was a stump. He threw it down, and II it broke. He started a fire. Then he roasted the shrews. 50 There was a pile of them, I and he added more to them. Then he ate. 1 Dogwasgoing along. She walked through soft snow. I Q!ota'ptsek! said,. because her mother carried her she could see well, I she said to her elder brother: "There our father is eating near a fire." 1I (I 55 made a mistake. It was Q!ota'ptsek! who I was going along, and it was Misqolo'wum who was being carried by his mother.) He said I to his sister: "Our parent is eating by the fire." I Dog was going along. The child thought it was I the deer that his father pursued, for the stump looked red. Therefore he said so. 1| He thought 60 the ground was bloody. They went near. I The two children talked, being happy. When they came near, I Dog looked that way. She saw that her children had told the truth. I The ground was bloody. Now they were, almost there. I Dog was glad, for she was hungryShe had nothing to eat. II The children did not say any more. When 65 they arrived,"she looked again, and she saw that it was not 1 meat 855430-Bull. 59-18---9 130 I 130 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 aa~ku'la-ks neis ma kqa'lwi-y kselkuma'-o-s, pal n't'nse- a~q.ulu 'k!pko ps. n'e tuwtsqa'anw. tu 'xua nala'a.ne- o 'k!uquna ko 'wa-s slaqaqa'psew. n'up_-ane- pal neis senmuxonaa'kse- ka'lta'ts. tseikata'pse- ske'wku-ts. ta'xas at lats!alama'ametk ske'wku-ts. 70 qak.la'pse-: "a: qa'psin kensl'a'tstawe'sqa pt'k!a-ks xma hah-n peso 'one lIka'm-u kenhe'kama I rnalacja'ake-. tsxal' nse-rienkumia 'ne s lkamne"nte-kts na ka'mi n." tsukuafte- neis ka'bxoY~a'alItsin qo's qa'o~.cal'unme'te-. tsukua'te- neis kMomowc 'sa-s, alaxo 'une-. qake 'lne-: "lao -kq!a'le -Iqasl' o q~uj -'yam ma koho '75 was."I Ta'xzas ts!cna 'xe qaqa kqa'panaxwa'te-k. kMe"la mesqulo'uwo-m. ta'xas selmate'lne tetu'timo mesqulo'uwo-m. ts!tna'xeo ma'timo q!uta'ptse'k!. pal ki'e-n nctsta-halna'na mesqulo'uwo-m, sla*vqa~qa'pse- kamate'ktsi-l ske'n-kuts -Iale-'e-s. 80 q!ota'ptseok! pal ki'e-n na-utena'na-s, sla~qavqa'pse- tsukua'ta-ps ma"e-s ta'xas qat~al-aqa.e-la'n-e-mesqulo'uwo m. n'u' P-:ra110e kselmav ta~ps ma"e-s. tsukua~te- xale'e-s skc'w-ku-ts. qake'lne-: "ta'xas maats lae"'lan'. ne'ina~m' naqa'sinam'in ma" ne's netinlo-us k!alasxa'ma'l tsqcalatska'xe." pal ke'ilous 85 ki-'e'ksts k!aqa'ke'. qa'psins xma se'l'alas~ya'ma'ls. ta'xas n'ekma'lne' xale'e's neis ka'ltasts. ta'xas koul'e'kima-l. nala(C) COYOTE AND THE B3EAVERS Sakelaqa'pse' st 'n' a "s. pesxo 'une- xa'le 'e's. qake'lne': "hutsxalupkaanqu'lne'ts kul' ekina' 'I." ta'xas, n'umets90 ke'n-e' aa,'ket.la.e'se-s nejs st 'n a'as a'a,'ke' aa'q!anketsqa.'fse's. ta'xas laketu'kse-. ta'xas n'umetske'n'e- aaaqok!aml'e'so's. n'upkaqke'n'e- mo'qVune-'s. a',a'ke'Ia. upkaqkc'nae' mo/q!neo's. t!apts!axa'ktseo xale'e's. suk!uatsk!ak!u'se*. n'u'pZ,-ane' se 'nI'a pal ts~alk!umna'nta'pse'. no'hune' 95 pal n'T'nse' ske'n'ku'ts. qakila'mne': "tsxal'o'uktawa 'sine' hol' u'psiyala'e -s. " ta'zxas sc'n'a n'upkaqke'n'i-l at nalnuku'xune'. ta'qcas sukuilq!u'kune- skt'n'ku'ts. ta'xas yunaqa'Ipse' klupka'anqo-l st'n'a-'s. ta 'xas qa 'qaske'n'e'. ta'xas n'ttske'lne' Io'k!us. ta'xas n'elqana'~ze'. fl'u'P:aFO' e 'n 'a 100 k!clqa'na's ske'n'ku'ts-. qakila'mne-: "ta'xas, hula'xunaxa'la wu'o-." ta'xas q!a'pe sc'n'a laxo'nwaqanmetqu'Ile k. pal kqa'e'p tscn pal ksi'l'aqa'qa'ps neis wa,"nmo" s. mesq ulo 'uwo 'inaat'kok!uatsk!ak!o' we's a'a,'ke- laxunmitqu 'kse'. laqanawa'ts!se' aatqok!am'ese 's. nanukue 'ta'pse' inesqolo ',105 wo 'in. tscqa'nanukuita'pse.. sa'qý:a 'ya'n-qo'k!aine'1se-. laasqanawa'ts!se'. naqanake'lne'- tetu "e 's. nulpa'lne' *xale-"e-'s skc'n'ku'ts'. qakc'kse': "kate:'u, kate:'tu."o layik!ts!na'arok InI * 1.ni'l1e'k111 1." 'Ip VI k'nk t q'hIs qasd0a BsoAs] KUTENAI TALES 131 what she thought was bloody, but it was a stump. I She stopped and almost fainted from hunger. It was so because she was hungry. I She saw that it was a pile of shrews. I Coyote looked at her. Then Coyote rubbed [it on] his hair. 1[ She was told: "Why are you standing 70 about there? You ought to have put down I the child. Eat with them those that are spread out there. They will be for you and the children. This will be mine." Dog took what she carried I and threw it down. She took it walking about. I She put it on her back. She said to him: " There is another disappointment. I was II hungry." I 75 Then she started. She left Misqolo'wum crying. 1 Then father and son, Misqolo'wum, were left behind. I Q!ota'ptsek! and his mother left him. Misqolo'wum was a boy, I therefore he was given to Coyote. 11 Q!ota'ptsek! was a girl, therefore I she was taken by her 80 mother. Then Misqolo'wum could not help crying. I He knew that he was left by his mother. Coyote took his son I and said to him "Don't cry! As your mother is going along there, I if she does not find anything to eat, she will come back." She had nothing | to eat, 85 therefore he said so. What should she have to eat? Then he and his son ate shrews. They finished eating together. He put the boy on his back I and started. He went along. I (c) COYOTE AND THE BEAVERS There were some Beavers. He put down his son. He said to him: I "I'll take them out of the water, and we shall eat them." Then he broke [1 the dens of the Beavers and the beaver dams. I Then there 90 was no more water. He broke open the dens I and took a young Beaver out of the water. He took another I young Beaver out of the water. He tied them on his child as ear ornaments. | Beaver saw him. He was going to get the best of him. He knew [l it was Coyote. 95 They said to one another: "He will kill us all. I Let us pretend to be dead." When the Beavers were taken out of the water, they bled from the mouth. I Then Coyote was glad. He had taken I many Beavers out of the water. Then he stopped. I He looked for fuel. Then he went away. The Beavers saw I[ Coyote going away, and they 100 told one another: "Let us go back I into the water!" Then all the Beavers went into the water. All jumped back quickly into the water. I They were not dead. It only looked like blood. | Misqolo'wum's ear ornaments also went into the water. I They dived into their holes. They dragged Misqolo'wum in. 1I They dragged him in. 105 There were two holes, one on each side, and one dived into each.. Then he called his father. Coyote heard his son I saying: "Father, father!" There was a turn I in the tunnel (into which they had gone). Coyote knew from far away that his I son was calling him. He ran 132 132 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [13VLL. 59 qank.la'psw xale 'e-s. La. utsinqkupekc'me k. laqao 4a 'ýcex110 lo'use ýale'e-s. nulpa'lnw- nets ya'wo's qak.lelq!anlo-u'ksex. qaot'xa':cesl'a'kake'suwetsa'q!asex nakunke'we la'akake 'we. q!akpakitkesxo'une- neis mo'q!une-'s. tseika'te- nets kiyunaa'qa ps qa qa-'hake ihakoma l1e. e't. se- pal si' a'skekclkc 'we. mooq!1ne na'nakcsta'kems 115 Ta'2yas n' cto'kuwe yjk'n-e.- ta'Zgas nank!amu'kupkinmu 'n ex ta~.cas ku'kups. ta'ýcas n'a'qtsqan-se'ksex. tsen aq!u'ta is selqao'4ante'ktse xale'e-s., o 'k!uquna ktspo'q!u4:ne ' s. nenko'eos skc'w-ku-ts tscn aku'latks tsqcalsel'e'kinex ta'xas n'c'kinex latseika'te- xale-'e-s. n'uno'quwi~a120 na'pse* tscn aq!u'tirls pal kse'letks. - qakc'lnw xale-'e-s: "(Cho'yas li~me'k!e-st." qao-xrua'ntc'ktse n%1s aku'laiks. latsukua'tex. n'e'kinex. n'ila'xane xale-'e-s. ku'lilk. la-ts!ena'lone'sine skc-'noku ts ale. 'tjmu. q (d) DEATH OF COYOTE'S SON Qatriaf>e* na- takxayo',ne- sk'wnku-ts. pa-'mwik wcl125 ninmocu 'n-e- ktsenxp 'umebk. tseika'tw xale 'e-s. niiuma'tsex. qalwi'ynet: "a:, kulsuk.likpa'kit kanx~a'lex. hula'q!ama1-- ha:melu'qkuate'le k." qa:kiha:milu'qkuate'le k. ta'xcas laqa"welkkq!u'se cxale'e5s. tsen'a-'witslclnukuna'sex qalwi 'yneta'cas laqaotxa'.pex qalwi'ynw- ktslaala~co-. qunya'x ne130 pal n'e'nse- up'na'mrn-'s, pal selhot!ane'nmitqa'psex. n'ila'-e- qa'akil'ila'w-ex qake'ine-: "a:, ta'cas qala mia'qatla'lo,,sk k!utsyo'unaps ma qa 'lqavos&wku'lq!o-k." ta'ýcas tsxcakelmat.litc'leok, Pal ksc'l'eps xale'e-s. qake'in-: ("a: nays at k.lqa'qna aqlsma'kine-k! ne'n'e-ps aa'knck!namo "e s 135 at tsq.calse: lqasa-no'xo'nixona'psw o-p'namo"e s." kooimat.lite'letk ske'wkuts, ta'Xas ts!cna'ye-. ta~xas ts!cna'kinex. lalo'usekk!utsco'naps. (e) COYOTE, TRIES TO STEAL THE SUN Qao'fa 'Xe'. laxa'xc& sa 'k.luname'sinex ttnaxa"mne qanit.laname 'sjnex n' sakiEnu'nex. n'u'p-Tane- pa'lkeis sla-tiyiP-- 140 a'ntaqanaqana'kse. n'up~ane lIka'm-u's sanaqna'kser wA'wu 'mse'. qalwi'ynw- skc'nku-ts: "Pal selso',,kse- ma" e s, kslsa'han qo lka'm-u." qake'ine- ne1l ka'm-u: "ka'ma, qalwi'yne- na nipc'k!a: 'kse'ilso.,ks ma"e-s, na Ika 'm u ksclsa'han."' qalwi'yne': "a: kselsa'han nie1 lka'm-u. k!up145 ýcalwi'ytap." qake'ine-flej lka'm-u: "ka'ma, qalwi'ynena nipc'k!a: 'a: kslsa'han na lka'miiuts kMup~calwi'ytap."' qalwi'yne *ske'woku-ts: "a: hutskilpaq!amw woma'kex-." qake'ine- ne1 lka'mu; " qalwi'yne- na nopc'k!a: 'a: ksclsa'han, huts BOASI KJTENAI TALES 133 quickly. He got there. ]| His son had disappeared. He heard him 110 making noise in the water. I He went there. His legs stuck out. lie pulled at them, and took him out. I Then he knocked down the young Beavers. He looked for | the many Beavers, but only the bloody ground was left. | The two young Beavers were all he got. || He made a hole in the ground. Then he made a fie and put the 115 meat inato it. I When it was cooked, he took it out. I He put the fat there for his son because it was soft. I He himself, Coyote, was going tfo eat the meat. I Then they ate. He looked again at his son, and he wished to eat |[ what his son was eating, who was eating 120 fat. He said to his son: I "Let us change!" He put the meat there and took back (the fat). I Then he ate. He made his son cry. After they had eaten, I Coyote and his son moved camp. (d) DEATH OF COYOTE'S SON He went along. Coyote slipped and fell. || He slid down a long 125 distance until something stopped him. He looked at his son. He laughed at him. I (Coyote) thought: "Let me make my son glad. I'll I slide down on the snow for a little while." Then he slid down. I His son did not laugh aloud. He just smiled. Then (Coyote) thought I he would go back. He thought he would put him again on his back. He touched him || and he saw him. He was frozen to 130 death. I He cried all the time. He said: "There is I nothing that should prevent him from being glad (? )" Then | he threw his things away because his son was dead. He said: "Ah! I This is what people shall do when their relatives die. i1 Then the dead will not be put 135 into bad condition." After | Coyote had thrown his things away, he started. He went fast. There was nothing I to keep him back. (e) COYOTE TRIES TO STEAL THE SUN He went along, and he came to a town. He entered a tent there. I He sat down. He saw a woman sitting [[ with her back toward 140 the fire. He saw a child sitting there I which had a big belly. Coyote thought: "The mother is good, [but the child is bad." The child said: "Mother, ] this manitou thinks his mother is good, but her child | is bad." He thought: " The child is bad; [| it knows my mind." 145 The child said: " Mother, I the manitou thinks this child is bad; it knows my mind." I Coyote thought: "I'll burst his belly by kicking him." I The child said: "The manitou thinks he is bad. I I will 134 134 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 tBTJLL. 59 kllpaq!ame-woma'ke-." qatsxa'n~e nei pa'lkei. n'up:ýaýne150 ske'n-ku-ts k!esine't.la-'s nasolukueons.. laa'ak!latk na 1a-'a qanet.lana'mne-, qawelt. lana'mne-. tkaixa" mne- pa'lke1 neis yaqa 'wesaqa',,ke- ske'noktts. tseika'te* ske'n-ktrts n'e'nse- telnamu" - e-s. qak.la'pse-: "ka,,s ken' a-'qal ati'kei lIka'ma-u ksel' aqalati'ke-. n'we'n papa'ne's. kaas ke'e-n lka'mu ma kinqsa'ma-l." 155 ske'w-kirts qa-wa'x mitinax wa'tek. u'ela'we. qake'ine: "u t!a'ne~nme~tqaprrlona'pine-.' qakila'pse- neistelnamlu"e-s: "na a qa't!a k husent.la'anw. hults!enaxa'la." ta'x.as selqaqa'pseneis ma, yaqake'lke xale'e-s neis kP-'e-ps: "ma kqa'kii'e"na-m "m/ne~sne/inlous k!alasx~a'mal ts~zal-ats!kaxz'e'." ta'ixas sel-o',se 160 k!alasxa'ma-I a'jtsin selaloqualqa',atse-. ske'n-kwts ta'xas Iatsukua 'te-. ta'xas tjnaxza"mne -za'jItsens aa'ket.Iae'se s. ta'x~as n'ekine. qak.Ia'pse' telnamu"e-s: "sak~ca'xe- kala'q,,ni-i. walkuwa'yi-t tsxaloawa'xe'. maats hentstinaxal"mnw. ta'xta* kanmi 'yit a' 'ke- laqane'kd-t. ta',Yas hentstinazxa'mne-. 165 tselmP'yvet hentina 'xa 'm hentsqatseikateflne#. at qaqa'ane* at qaqana'ane- na naso'ukue-n. n e'ne natao'nek!." ta'xas tslimi'yit. lawa'ze- kala'qani-I ta'xas q!a'pe- qao"'axa"mne, neis naso lukue-n aafket.Ia'e-s. n'et1!qao~waIx~o'1lne- tsu'pqa. ta'xas tsxana/Ymne. ta'xas k.Ianmu'ko-I aa'ku'Ia-ko ta',-as q!a'pe- te'tqa-t! 170 qunia'xe- neis aa~kit.Iana'meo's. ta'zxas naninoku'Ine. Ikainne"nte-k q!a 'peo quna >xeo. n'pkawi'selku 'Ine neis kanmuku 'le 's. ta-'xas ske'n-ktvts a',,'ke- quna'xex. ta'xas selmate- ke'itsxao's. telnamu" e s. ta 'xas qsama'Ine- Ikamne'nta'ke s k!upka'lko is. qo's afpko-k!us qawa~ame'te- se't!e-s. ta'xas kMupka-wese'lko-i tsu175 kuale'sine- se't!e~s. laqawa'iXamet-le'Sine- qo's aa'k!ala'X~awu'e-t-S. latina'lkoul ske'n-kuots n'u' px:ane- set!e'se s. Ika'm-o's neis aa'kf!aIa'xawu'e ts pa 'me k at q a'o ~zaIyik!taku'Ineo, a'ake- at qa'owxal'upq!umalekxo 'ume~k. t a'xas ku 'ko a,'ku 'Ia-k, ta'xas n'i-ke'lne. t a 'xas pal tsxzalook!uilqahise 'ne- ske 'n kuots- neis 180 yaqa'hanqame'ike- at qanalhisa'mname'sineo at manq!ale'jne at qakile 'le: "hinq a.este 'lne- neiste 'lne- en lu'n u." hanqame'kelaa'k!la ks at n' atska Ike'n e. at qakile 'lne-: "hinqa. iste 'me>, ne~ste'lne- en lka'mou." ta'xas pal sl-alo'11se aaku'la-ks pal slo -'k!uilqahise'lne. ta'xas 1aanaxa'mna'mne-. yunaqan185 qa'ane- kuwise'n-a. ske'n-kwts nuk!uilof11se kxwese'n'e-s oo'k!uquna-ts qahise'ne., ta'xas q!a'pe- la.anaxa'mna'mne-. qake'ineo ske'n-ku-ts: "ts!kake'nkiI1 ka'si-t! e's ma kwe'skioIqaowxa'ke n." qalwi'yne a'pko k!us ksa'kqa-ps se't!e s si'aqake'inox qakilef'me-: "is lu'n o-'s skikqa'ane-." tseika'ite- ske'nkuots n6,s ak!alaxa190 wu'e~t~s skekqa'pse- se't!eos. skekq!uma'lse>I skekqoquts!alafise. latsukuafte>, laanaxa"nincex lat~naxa"mne aaket~laoe'seos telnamu "es. qak.la'pse: ki'n'e-k? ken'we'lwo-m?" qake'ilne ske'w.ku Its: "a: Walh A. '.h o nirnfqoquhs~n>hsla~'r. uasn~Ata'p KTYTE1XAI TALES15 135 burst his belly by kicking him" The woman did not speak. Coyote knew 11 that it was the tent of a chief. There was anotherI tent, 150 which was not large. A woman came inI where Coyote was. Coyote looked, and it was his wife.I She said to him: "Why did you say what the child said? This is your grandson. Where is the child that went with you?" Coyote fell down crying. He said: j He 155 froze to death." His wife said:I "My tent is near by. Let us start." Then it wasI as he' had told his dead son. He told him: "Your mother is going; I but if she has no one to share with her what she eats, she will turn back." Then Dog had no one 1 to share with 160 her what she ate. Then she turned back. Then Coyote took her back. I He entered Dog's tent. Then I she ate. His wife said to him: "11They haveI started de~er driving." In the evening they will come back. Don't go in. I In the morning they will do it again. Then you may go in. 11 If you go in in the evening, they will not look at 165 you.I The chief always does that way. He is-the Sun." I At night the deer drivers came back. Then all went toI the chief's tent. They piled up the deer. I Then they talked, and they boiled the meat. All the men 11 went to the tent. Then (the meat) was being boiled. 1 170 All the children went there, carrying water where the meat was being boiled.I Coyote always went there. He disobeyed his wife. I He went with the children who were bringing water.I There at the head of the tent he threw down his blanket. They brought in water. 1 His blanket was taken and was thrown back to the door.I When 175 Coyote took water into the tent, he saw his blanket. The child I near the door always spilled water on it 1 and cleaned his f eet on it. When the meat was done,I it was eaten, but nothing was given to Coyote. 1I They were passing the food by the place 180 where he was sitting. He stretched his hand out,j but he was told: "It is not for. you; it is for the next one." Another one who was sitting there took it. He was told: " It is not for you; it is for him, for that child." Then all the meat was gone, and he did not receive anything to eat. Then all went out, and there was much 11 f ood left over. Coyote had nothing left over., because I he 185 was not given anything. Then all went out. Coyote said:I "Give me my blanket; I put it there." I He thought that his blanket was lying at the head of the tent; therefore he said so. He was told:I "It lies over there." Coyote looked, and there was 11 his blanket lying 190 at the door. It was dirty and wet. I Then he took it and went out. He went into the tent of his wife. I He was told: "Did you eat? Are 136 136 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 se* telnamu"e's. qakila'pse-: "ma kinqa'qa-tqa'qa ne1 pe'k!a-k, 195 at ma ke-n'upsla'tiyilmat ko"',tsxa. ma hoqaqle'si 'fe': 'maatS kiutstna',-a.' at qahise'lne- te'tqa-t! ne'nwam na's aa'kik.luna 'mee's. ta'xta- kanmiP'yit aa'ake- laqane'ke-. ta'xa- at tinax~al"mne9. ta'xas at na'lq!ailhowu'mne-. swakalkin'lIneaa'ku 'tat kutsxal't'kina'la. huskilhanmu 'k1ne,. is kikqa'ane200 ta'xas c'ke~n'." ta'xas' ske'wku-ts tsxa'kil'e'kine-. ta'xas nowu 'm'neo. ta'xas q!u'mne"ne-. w'lIna-ms naq!amale'itsne' liii, liii." qake'ine- skt'ivkw-ts neis kulpalnc'te-t k!aaqakya'205 k.lake'se-lnoho'sk!umkiluwcst!a'lama-lqalte'le ii kia'wla." nutpatne'tne- ske'n-ku ts- neis k!a'qa'ke'. n'eslikpayaxawa'tjne'kte'tine-: "palI k!ane'ke- neis ke'as wa'ma-t! aa'ake- neis kwist!a'ta k.ta'wta. tsxatqa.ike't!uwo- pal at qaha'q!awotktsamna'mne- qo ta>xa hak.tuna'mke-." ta'xas ts!enaxa'mne-. aa,"ke' ske'n-kuts 210 ts!ena'xe-. qanaxa 'mue'. n'esakEmu'In~e nasofukue-n. ta'xas neis ya qaha'nqame "ke- naso fukue-n. itna'hak qake', kata'qawu 'mne-. taxa'Ze- ske'n-kurts. qayaqana'xe- qo's yaqanaqanake'ske- naso 'ukue n u 's'me ks. qa'o'xal' sakEnu 'n e- qatwiyna 'mne- ksttsana'qana ske'nvku-ts. tsen yatkqasts!Emqa'qa at 215 k!e'sini lus'mo 'ka'nqa'me k. k!a-qa'qana ske'ntkuts.. ta'xas q!a'pe k ta~ca'xam. qake'ine- nata'nek!: " ta'xas tu'nii ts!enaa'kel nei wa'kaq!yute.c'tke yakcnts!etk!aku/kui-t hentsxal'enke'tfle'." n'itikte'lne' skt'w-ku-ts. o'k!uq11na nejs kIaqar'kana set',aqakiya'mnex. ta'xas n'owo'kune- nasofukue-n. ta'xas skt'w-kuts 220 a'a'ke- n'owo'kune - ta-'xas ts!ena'xe- naso'ukue:n. ta'xas tsu 'kune-. natke'n e- aa'keno 'qua 'akops. qao- xanq!o'kupq!o 'ne-. tseikate'tne- ske'n 'ku-ts. to 'use- aa'keno W qua'3,ko -ps. k-a'Lken. qatwiynaa'mne- tsxatqaqa1'o-'k!ue- nata'nck! ktsxabtsu'ko-. ta'xas skc'n-ku-ts qao vxake'n-e ma'aka-'s Ia 'n'e's, 225 aatkenqow'a. c'se-s ma'aka 's. nutsinqkupeke'me k. tseikatt'tneneis ya-qa'naq!male'ike- qanaq!ma-'k.Ienq!oku'pse-. nula'seneis ma'aka-'s. ta'xas qakilaq!maxoka'ane- ske'-ku 'ts. tsejkatt'tne- naso'ukue~n nata'nek!. tata-' na's qasna 'xe pee'k!a-ks ske'nvku.ts, qo-us nelqana'xe-. ta'xas ts!nna 'xe230 kata'qani-t qanaxa "mne*. n'upa'Ine- ske'n-ku-ts, pe'k!arks neis pal selawa'.-e- pal stakamcnqa'atsew n'u*pski'tqa.elqana ':ýe nej naso lukue.1. skc'n ku ts tao' k q ana'ce'. ta'xas metta'Inetsa'pqa neis yaqa'nalhacnq!oku'pske' o'qouks. qana'xe' ske'n'ku 'ts. na'u'p~cane' wa,'ma't!s n' a's 'e'. xa'tsenI Jlwa'n'e'. qa'na 'xe' -235 aa'a'ke' n'u'p~cane' west! a'tama'tq a'-tt'kse'- k.ta'wta's, aa'a'ke - n'u'kte'. ta'xas k.tats!ena~xa'mne'. n'u'p!Cane' skc'n'ku'ts at na''s taqoquahantukpqa'pse' te'tqa't!s. at Io'use' qa'psi'ns. sanmot-- BOAS] KUJTENAI TALES I am starving." His wife laughed at him. I She said to him: "You are always like that. 11 You always disobey me. I told you not I to go 195 in. A man who comes to this town is not given anything to eat. I At a later time, another day, when they do so again, then he may go in. | Then he is given enough to eat. Meat has been brought in I for us to eat. I have boiled it. It is there. || Eat." Then Coyote began to 200 eat. Then I he was satiated and slept. Early Coyote awoke. j He heard a noise. People were saying: "Hu, hu, | hu!" Coyote said when he heard it (the same as) what they said. I He said: "Hu, hu, hu! let me kill two bucks 11 and red (?) an old grizzly bear with seven young 205 ones." I They heard what Coyote was saying. It was frightful I what he said. "Two bucks and seven I grizzly bears are too heavy. Those will be nine. The people of that town dpn't carry meat for one another." ( Then they started, and Coyote II started, too. They were 210 going along. The chief sat down. Then I behind where the chief was sitting a row of men started. I Coyote got there. He went past the place where I the chief was sitting, Farther ahead he sat down. The people thought: I "Coyote is doing wrong. Only those who are skillful II may sit at the head. Why does Coyote do so?" I Then they all ar- 215 rived. Sun said: "Go on I to the end of this mountain. Those who go quickly shall do it." ( Coyote was meant. Because he had done so, therefore they said it. I Then the chief arose, and Coyote also[l arose. Then the chief started. I He started a fire. He carried pitch- 220 wood and he started a fire. I They looked at Coyote. He did not carry pitchwood. I They thought Sun would be the only one who would light a fire. | Then Coyote put flicker feathers on his moccasins. 1 He ran. They looked at him; I and wherever he stepped, afirestarted. I 225 The flicker did so. Then Coyote scared them. I Then they looked at Chief Sun. He had not gone far I before Coyote was way over there. Then the deer drivers started II and went along. Coyote was seen 230 coming back already. I He went around in a circle. I The chief had not gone far when Coyote went the same way again. Then a deer was shot I where the fire was, in the circle of fire. Coyote went along, I and saw two bucks. He killed both of them. He went along, I and he 235 saw seven grizzly bears-an old one and young ones. He killed them all I and started back. The men had nothing, and Coyote saw them I 138 138 ETJUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BTJLL..59 ke'nwo neis k!e'lwa. qaa'luquak~nwe-. qake'lne-: "a: leub 'oneken'A'wa xma-nlaha'q!woktsa'pine-." qakile'lne-: "at qaha'q!a, 240 wookktsamna'mne*." ta'xas laluname'sinw. qaafluquakcfwe- pal kqa.ike't!uwo-,,s. n'uk!unil' akime,"ntce. qake'lne nois k akime"ne-t: "a: ts,ý,aiata'pki-1 kaas kol'a-qa'kiun na koi'lwa?" qak.la'pse-: "kenqalwi'ymeil ke'i1ous k!e'lwa? na k-laqahaqa'nqa-ts? at nelkupcp'ulne- at tsEqapqona'1e- at baa'245 pak!e-nkin~'ne- aaka-'wuta 'me-s." ta'xas sk'n-ku-ts nelkup-yp'une.'tsEqapqona'se-. ta'xas baapak!neneneskwtta" bla's k.ba'wba-'sts neis ke'a-s wa'ma-t!s. ba'utsenqkupek'me-k. qalwiyname'sine- kts:i:abha'ke-ks ske'n kw-ts pal ksi byuna'qa-ps k!e-'wa. qanaxa'mne-. pal kalnoku'pqa ske'nwkwts n'bpskitla250 qalaxaxam e' sine k~aqayaqa'na-momo~kua. k.bala'xa-m bo'untek.laka'lIXo *2 qanaqke'kxane-; tinmitiken'we neis aatktt.lana'me-s q!a'pe-s bawtlqa'pse- sa me 'jnmuxu'naks neis qa.i~ke't!uwo-s. ta'xas a'a,'ke bahaq!maxoka'ane ske'n-kuts. Ta'xas tslmi'yit la-t!qao'xaxa"mne- naso'fkue-n aa,'ket.255 ba'e s. lae kc'lne-. ske'n ku ts laqatinaxa "mne- at nulpalne'lneskc'n-kuts. pal k.la'bou te'tqa-t! neis aa'kik.ltuna'"me-'s; at qo-- qua -kqa'bilq!anlo 'ukune- skc'n -kw ts telnamune'nta'ke's. sl' one'lnewa'lkuwa-'s ma kqo'una-m ma kqahe'si-i. latinaxa"mne- ske'n-- ku-ts te4namu' e-s. qakila'pse-: "q a'psin kiusibqaqo ',na m nei 260 k!etqao>xal'e-'ke'l?" qake'ine-: "a: wa'lkuwa- ma kuqo/una-m ma ko'matsqana'ne ya 'at i-" ts! ena'xe' neis yavqa"'ha'qawome'ske.tinaixa'mne-, qao vsaqa 'ne-. ta'xas k!ekinoqoku 'le-s. ta'xas wunike'tine k ltslmi'yit, ta'xas baana>xa'mna'mne,. N' U'pxle- skc'n ku ts neis yaq aha'nqame 'ike q a'hanin qo265 ma'lse aa'kuqlat!e'se s- nawaspa'be s. so /ukuse-. qabwi'yne-: "kutscab' a'yni 1." ta'xas qake'1ne- skc'w-ku-ts: "arc: kustl aqa'ta-i'ana'xa 'in. kutsxalqaha'k.le'ts na aa,'ket.la"na in." ta'qcas q!umne "Re. nata'nck!. n'upcabwiyta,'pse- nawaspa'b'e neis k!aqa'lwiy ktsxzal' a'yni-l. qatsxza'n e- nata'nek!. ta-'xas wu270 nike'tine* ktslmi'yit, n'u'pTane- ske'ntwuts q!u "mne 's nawaspa'be-s. nuwo'kune'. tsukuafte neis aa'kuqla'nta'me-sn'aqsa"na,ke'nve-. laanaxa"mne:. ta'xas ts!ena'xew. qaina'xe-. ta'xas qa-I wi'yne-. ta',Tas ksel'w~ele 'e ts. n'itxo'ume k, q!u'mne'ine pdku'k.bixk qahak.be'itsne- ske'n-kurts. naq!mabe'itsne-.nyu/ Ta 275 fle aa'kc'kq!yet.s. n'uku-nuxa"mne-, R'u'p~rane- pal n'e'nse- ne,s aa'ketJla.e'se-s nata'nck!s. ma kwele'e-t.s yaqana'mke-. k!a-qa,'qa-ps tsu 'kuafte- neis aa,'kuqba'ntat'me-s. qake'ine:. "a: kMekpaya'ata-p na- aa.'kuqba"nta-m." laq!ayakt'nwe-. aanaxa' 'mleske'n-ku ts. tsdlme-'yit aa"ke- latinaxa"mne-. qahaqowu"mne*. 280 ta'xas aa"ke- baa-naxa'mna'mne* skc'vkiu-ts. qake'ine': ak 1 Orqunanuq~ota'a~ane-. 2Or k!apak!e'nxo-. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 139 running by. I He had a pile of (game) what he killed. le did not know what to do with it. He said to them: "Evidently you have no game. I You ought to carry some meat home for me." He was told: "We do not 1I carry meat for one another." Then there was 240 nobody left, and he did not know what to do with it, I with the nine animals. At once he called his manitous. He told those whom he had called: I " Tell me what to do with my game." I They said to him: "You think that they, those who went by, killed nothing. I They blow on it and it becomes small. 11 Then they put it into their belts." 245 Then Coyote I blew on it, and (the game) became small. Then he put on I the seven bears and the two bucks. He ran back quickly. I They thought Coyote would not come home before night, because he had much game. I They went along, but Coyote was able to run fast. 11 They were not home yet before he passed them. He got home. He 250 pulled off I what he carried on his belt. He kicked it into the tent, and I it was all big again, and the nine animals were piled up there. Then Coyote scared them again. I In the evening they assembled again in the chief's II tent and ate 255 again. Coyote did not go in. They heard I Coyote. There were no other men in the town. I Somewhere Coyote made a noise where the women were. Coyote was afraid; I for when he had gone there the day before, he was not given anything to eat. Coyote entered I his wife's tent, and she said to him: "Why don't you go there II where 260 they are assembled to eat?" He said: "Oh, yesterday I went there, I and they made fun of me." He went to the place where they were assembled. I He went in and st-aid there. Then they were smoking. I After a long time, in the evening, they went out again. I Where he was sitting, Coyote saw a skin-drying II frame (?) belong- 265 ing to his father-in-law. It was pretty. He thought: I "I'll steal it." Then Coyote said: "I can not go out; I I'll sleep here in this house." Then I the Sun was asleep. His father-in-law knew ) what he was thinking about, that he was going to steal it. The Sun did not speak. Then, I[ after a while, in the evening Coyote saw that his 270 father-in-law was asleep. I He arose and took the drying frame and put it under his blanket. I He went out again, started, and went along. I He thought he was far away, and he lay down and went to sleep. I Being tired, Coyote slept there. He woke up and heard | people talking. He arose, and he saw that it was I the tent of the 275 Sun. He had gone far, but this happened because he I had taken the drying frame. He said: "Ah! I I long for this drying frame." He hung it up. Then I Coyote went out. In the evening he came in again. They were assembled there. 1I Then all went out again. 280 140 BUREAU OP AMERICAX tRHI2HOL0GY [BULLL. 50 kutslaqaha'kle-ts." n'itxo',,me-k. n'u'p:ane- ta'ixas kq!u"mne 's nata'nekls. qawunaekc't.se*. ktslmP-'yit ta'xas latsukua'te- neis aatkuqla'nta'me-s. n'ana~a"mne-. ts!ena'~e-. qalwi'yne-: Ita/ýTas eiqa'hak hulqa'na-m." ta'xas ts! ca'xe-. qa na'xe- at nanlukp285 qa'ane*. ta'xas silkanmeyc't-se- qalwi'yne-: "ta'xas kselwule 'et. s." n'ettxo 'me k. pal ko 'k.louk. ta 'zas i' u'k! ulllq!akpa'kitile'itsne-. qahak.le-etsine-. na'q!noka'lna'xwate'lne-. nuku nuxa/)mne-, pal n'~nse- nets ma yaa'qakxamk.tskufe es aa'kuqla'nta'me s. qake'ine': " a: k! a-'qala'tejke'n'a p?" laq I aya290 kc'ive'. qak-la'pse- nawaspa'le-s nata'nek!s: "qa'psin kinslatc'qana? kernqa'lwiy keuts~al'ana'xa-'m n'e'ne- ka-k't.la. na hents!c'na-m na a'qla ka-k't.la atenlaqa'hakil'it~o'ume-k, henqa,'lwiy ktsxa'l'en a,,kuqla"ntine-'s, ta'xas tsuýkuafte-n' knlts!e'naWn'.maats hntsxal'itousa~qa'ane tselme-'yit. ye'senwun 'me*295 ye'tkes tselme-yitna'mu. hents!upsla'tiyilqqa 'atse-. kanmi-'yit maats hents! eto '1me-k. ye'stnwun-miye'tke- yu 'kueyetna'm u. maats hcnts!etousavqa'ane- aa'tke- latsilmi-"yit; a,'"ke hcnts!lakanmokunate'tine- kanmP'-yit. qaha'li-n kiyu'kiyit, ta'xas hents!csakanu'ive-. henqa-'lwiy hcnq!u"mne- so'uk11ne-. ta'xas 300 hentsel' anaxa"mne- ka-ki't.la. ta-'xas hutslaqa'tsukuafte.." Ta'xas. huselq!a'pqailq!a'nuxwa'te-. 57. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR Qa.na'xe- ske'n-ku-ts. qaq!avyumenafse-. yuxa 'xe. II' UpTafle k. la'wla s sawetsqap~ana'ksew. qalwi'yne- ske'n ku ts: "hulk.lenq!o'ymo'." qake'lne-: "k.Iawla, k!a-"ntsu." laa'ntsuxaxa "'mue'. nulpa'lne- ske'niiu ts seltsxa'se- k. la'wla sel' ata'pse- sa-a'n~a5 ta'pse'. qalwi'yne' k.la'wla: "pal a'a,'ke' kents~a'l'aqa'ke'." qaqana'wetske'kiine' k. la'wla. wuniket. se' latseika'te' ske'nku'ts k~la'wlas. qake'lne': "k.la'wla kkoulwi-'yat!." ta'xas n'Upxane' k-la'wla na's aa'kuq!yome'nas qa'kilhaqank.la'pse' skc'n'ku 'ts. ta'xas n'e--ktse'k, nak -latsu'ltwits kt'lne - skt'n'ku 'ts. 10 qawunike't.se' ske'n'ku'ts lala'n'yunawitskc'lne' k.la'wla's. qakc'lne': "k~la'wla, ktsaqlilna'na." ske'n 'ku 'ts laa'ntsuxaxa"mne'. ta'xas nutsenqkupeke'me'k k.la'wla' mitiya'xae k'nk's qauike't. se' lala'n'yunawctske'lne' ka. 's xama ts!a 'qa'ki 'I k-la'wla-'s. qake'1nae- ske'ivku'ts: "k.la'wla -," qaq!ma-'lilq!15 anlo ',kuine'. n'u 'pz~ne' p'k!a ks pal selyuwa 'kimi 'tiyaxna'pse. k.la'wla "s ske'n ku 'ts. no:sa'no 'Tounqa 'ane' skc'n 'ku 'ts. mitiya ':ýnaps k~la'wla 's. qake'ine' skc'n ku'ts: "qa'xatsqano'xonekeme'k qa'psin ktspulwina'~tam." ta'xas matka'z~ne'ske'n'ku'ts. qana'xe' sken 'ku 'ts. laloqualqa 'at5S' lalaxa'nxo 'une - k.la 'wla's. 20 qana'xe- k.la'wla nejs aatk~leke's'e's ske'n'ku'ts. nulpa-'lne' nakiwa'se 'kna,'kse' skc'n 'ku 'ts. pal sl'l~ noa's' aw y BOAS I KUTENAI TALES 141 Coyote said: I "I'll sleep here again." He lay down. Then he knew that Sun was asleep. I It was not long before it was night. Then he took the I drying frame. He went out and started. He thought: I "Let me go far away." Then he started. He went along. I1 He ran. Then in the morning he thought I that he was far 285 away. He lay down. He was tired. Then at once he fell asleep. I He continued to sleep. Then he was awakened by the noise of talking. I He arose, and there he was where he had started from. He took the I drying frame. He said: "What is he trying to do with me '" and hung it up. [I His father-in-law, Sun, said to him: "Why are you I 290 doing that? Do you want to go out of this my tent? ] If you start here from the inside of my tent, when you lie down there, and if you I think this will be your clothing, then take it and go. I Don't stop at night. Keep on walking II a whole day and a whole night, until 295 morning. j Do not lie down the whole day and the whole night. I Don't stop anywhere until the next night. I Then walk through that night until the morning. Just at noon I you may sit down, if you think that you will sleep. Then it will be good. II You will be out of my 300 tent. Then I shall not take it back." I Now I have told you all. I 57. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR Coyote went along. There was a hill. He went up, and saw Grizzly Bear eating there. Coyote thought: "I'll play with him." He said to him: "Grizzly Bear, Short Tail!" I He hid behind (the hill). Grizzly Bear heard Coyote talking, calling him bad names. [| Grizzly Bear thought: "You are sure to say that again." I Grizzly 5 Bear did not look. After a while Coyote looked again I at Grizzly Bear. He said to him: "Grizzly Bear, Left-handed One!" Then I Grizzly Bear knew that Coyote was on the hill calling him. I He pretended to eat again. He was looking without letting Coyote see it. 11 It 10 was not long before Coyote looked over the hill at Grizzly Bear. ( He said to him: "Grizzly Bear, Small Eyes!" Coyote hid again. I Then Grizzly Bear ran. He pursued Coyote. I It was not long before he looked over the hill again to say something I to Grizzly Bear. Coyote said: "Grizzly Bear"-- He stopped quickly in his speech. II Coyote saw that Grizzly Bear was already coming right 15 up to him. I Then Coyote began to run away. I He was pursued by Grizzly Bear. Coyote said: "Things that want to catcheach other I do not run fast together." Then Coyote left him behind. I Coyote was going along. He turned in a circle and got up to Grizzly Bear from behind. I1 Grizzly Bear was going along in the tracks of Coyote. 20 Coyote heard him I panting. He was getting near him. ( He thought 142 142 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.9 [BULL. 59 no ktsxaltse'nke aakuwiya't!e s. lo-naqu'mlasxu'ne- sken-- ku ts neis kuku ''e s. luquane'n) me* teixalite't~ine k. la'wla. qayaqana'xe- skc'n-ku ts. qana'.pe k-la 'wla. a'a, ke- laqa 'qa25 na'ane- ske'n'ku-ts. qalwi'yne- k-la'wla: "'ta'xas kutstsc'nke ii ske'n-kuots. kuts!e't!xa." lats!. neis lunek!le'e-ts lunaqu'mlasXcu n-e ske'w-ku-ts k.la'wla lats! neis aatkuya't!e-'s luquane'nme 'te'pxalite'tine. a ' ke- laqa.wokut'n e.o qana-'xe k.la'wla qawule.A'.se-. fl'UP~afl k'n-ku-ts. s' na 'se-pa-l sluk.lu'ksew. 30 laxa'nxo 'une-o ta'xas ya'kaqa-lwctske k'me-k ske'n ku tsts lawaluna'k!e s. swetsnu 'kse-. qalwi'yne- ske'nuku ts: "ta'xas ktsxal'e't b.%'ahap k.la'wla." qanal'akamenuta'pse- neis aa,'kwc'tsino~ks. ta'xas ts:Faltsenkina'pse- k.la'wla's. ta'xas n'a'milq!unaaki'n e- skc'n kuots. qanaxiu n e- ske'n-ku-ts qakqa'ane35 wunike't.se-. qalwi'yne-: "qa 'psins kslqa.e't!Xana-p k.la'wla?" na'bpiunenala'pse- qap'sins a,, ke 'i'e-s. tseika 'te'. n'u'p::ane- pal sclqana'ke -swetse fine- aa~kuqle. e'se-s ne 'Ise-ks. tseika'te kia'wla' s. pa, -1na's swcsqa'pse aa'k.k'k!e-s. flu kunnmuqkupno>xunka'me k. mitiya'xane-. qake-'lne- neis a'tiya xqakc'kske- ne'lse-ks. qaketine40 ske'w-ku-ts: "fff."' ta'xas nlu'Ip~rane- skc'w-ku-ts pa-lts oni-. la'pse-. ta'xas mitiya'zXane. fta'~as k.la'wla neis ma skilyaqaqa,na'pske- ske'n ku ts. ta'xas aa'atke qaqna'a-ne' ya'kaqa'l,,wetskelaka'ameok k.la'wla. senmitu'kse-. nulu'qune n'akahe'ine. skcn ku ts nao-'k!ue 's aa'ku 'qie's. n' asnalholu 'qske- k.la'wla's. 45 qanaqku'pla Itimu 'n-e maqku'pkpo-kxumu 'n-e lats!enao 'k!ue-'s, at'atke n' akahe'ine-ya' a'ke maqku~pkpo kxumu 'n-e. qaoxal' alqana'kune k-la'wla. n'esakanu 'ne skc'n ku ts. k!u 'pa q k-la'wla laqana 'witskt'kine-. ske'n ku-ts sla:tanaqana'kse-. qake 'ineskc'n-kuts: "k.la'wla, ma kcnts!et!2ana'p k.lukq!ua~le-lqhkya~me-s 50 k.la'wla n'e'txnae- skc'wku-ts-." k.la'wla qatsxa'n-e'set'onel e.tsEmak!ke'kse- at qa'\it!xanapse'sne k~la'wla's ata'ake- pal ksilqsamunala'pse s swuc'seos ne'lse ks. ta'xa 's. llusclq!a'pka-lq!anuxwa'te-. 58. COYOTE AND Fox Ho 'yas, hutsxalhaqalq!anuzxwa'te- swu't~imu ske 'n ku tstsna' ak!yu yaqaqanaa,'ke- neis pe 'k! a ks. (a) YOUNG COYOTE AND YOUNG FOX STEAL THE HOOP Qa nct-la'aneo swu'timo. naqa'lte- netsta'hals, aa-"ke- naqa'ltenetsta'hals. ske'n-ku ts tselme 'yct. s at n' ananu'te'. qake'lne-: 5 "etske'le-n' nibpe'k!a." ta'xas skc'n ku-tsna'na tselme'iyet. s at n'anaxa" mne. at qaq! urn nename /sine latka'xao'm. ta'xas nyu'pxa, q!u"mne-'s swu" es na'akMeYU, ta'xas at qakt'lne-,,ale'e 9s: "tW!nal'Atske'len' niipe'k!a." ta'xas naak!eyuna'na at I Bilabial. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 143 he would catch up with him on the right side. Then Coyote jumped along his side. I Then he jumped around on the left side of Grizzly Bear. I Coyote went past. Grizzly Bear was going along, and (1 Coyote did the same again. Grizzly Bear thought: "Now I'll 25 catch I Coyote. I'll bite him." Then Coyote jumped along on the other side. I Then Grizzly Bear turned to the right side quickly [ to catch him, but again he could not catch him. Grizzly Bear went along | a short distance, and saw Coyote. He was going along tired. || He overtook him. Then Coyote was looking from one side to the 30 other. I His tongue was lolling. There was a big stone. Coyote thought: "Now I Grizzly Bear will bite me." He chased him around that stone. I Then Grizzly Bear was about to catch him, and I Coyote was out of breath. Coyote fell down there. He lay there |1 for a 35 time, and thought: "Why doesn't Grizzly Bear bite me? " Then he felt something on his hands. He looked at it, and saw I that he had his hands in the horns of a buffalo bull. He looked at the Grizzly Bear. I He was standing by his feet. (Coyote) stood up quickly I and ran after him. He spoke to him in the way a bull bellows, and Coyote said: j " Fff!" Then Coyote knew that (Grizzly Bear) was 40 afraid of him. He pursued him. The way Grizzly Bear had done, that way I Coyote did to him. He also did the same. ] Grizzly Bear looked from side to side over his shoulders. There was a river. He started to swim. Coyote put out ( one of his hands with the horn where Grizzly Bear was swimming ahead. 11 He hit him with it. He 45 hit his backside, and he put out the other one I and with it also he hit his backside. I Grizzly Bear swam across there. Coyote sat down. When Grizzly Bear was across, I he looked back. Coyote was sitting down. Coyote said: I "Grizzly Bear, you were going to bite me. 1] It should be once that that Grizzly Bear bit Coyote." 50 Grizzly Bear did not speak. He was afraid. I It is true, Coyote was never bitten by Grizzly Bear, and I he was helped by his friend Buffalo Bull. Enough. I It is finished. I 58. COYOTE AND Fox Well, I'll tell you about the friends, Coyote and ( Fox-what they did long ago. I (a) YOUNG COYOTE AND YOUNG FOX STEAL THE HOOP There were the friends. The one had a young son, and the other one also had a young son. I Coyote sent out his son in the evening, and said to him: |1 "Look for manitou power." Then Young Coyote 5 went out at night. I The people were not yet asleep when he came back into the tent. When ( Fox knew that his friend was asleep, he told I his son to go and look for manitou power. Then Young 144 144 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 if anaxalymne% yesenwmimiye'tLske- tsd-mi-yetna'm-o's. to'"xa 10 at kanmiiye't.se lIatkwa-a'm. ta'xas ske'wkw-ts nokunu-'xa at tseika'te swu / 'e s at sla -tkeikesle 'itsma'"Ise - yale. 'se's. ta'xas wune ke't.se- kqa'qana na'qsa-'s nata'nek!s. Qake'ine' ske'xvku-ts: " ta'xas hun'u'p~cne- nakesqlekiarna'psen~pe'k!a-'s kanxa'le-." ta'xas laya'xa kk.kenq!oymu'le-s. nulpal15 nite'tine- ksakdike'nle 's ke 'iso 11ks kk.kenq!oymu 'le-s. ta'xas sel'aqake'Ine- swu" e s na'ak!eyu's. ta'xa-s namate'ktse- rale 'e s ske'n'ku'ts nibpek!a'e's, n'c'nse' nbipek!a'e-s qasq!mamu' xo "s aa"ke' he'k!o'ks. na'ak!eyu namate'ktse' xale-'e's kuwelmu Xo 's. Ta'xas ts!ena'xe'. qa'na'xe-. naqsanmi-yt; e'kq osfa'a 20 Iaxa'xe - neis aa' kek.Iuna'me 's. qahotsa'xe' n'elqa'akesu'usa"'qa'ane'. ta'xas kanmi "yit. s k!uuanuu'qka 's, ta'xas nulpalne'te'tinetsxanamel'sine' aa'kek.luna 'me's. qakiyame'sine': "ta'xas k.enql!o 'yki'I, ma ka'qa kenk.Ienq!oymu'keiL" ta'ýcasnI' u'p2.(ane' neis aa tkik.luna'me 's n' anaxa'mname'sine'. q!a'pe-'s te'tqa't!sts 25 pa'Ikeists Ika'm'u's. qao>xay~ame'sine' qous ilqa'ha'ks qaanet.Ianame'sine-. nakalkinle 'sjne'. t a'~as n' oqoxa'lkenle'sine - aat kek-luna'me~ls. ta'xas naqts!eflukuaneyamefsine-. n'up-ý1ane'. ta'xas ts!cnaqayt.Ie 'sine-. i' U 'P~ane'. souke'k.Ie 't'kse' neis yaqa'naqayjqa'pske'. ta'xas mete "xale'sine -. laxa' nxo 'De's at qa 'na'qlelqxa30 ke'sine*. at soukek. lite'`kse'-. metei~ca'le "s tsen ya 'kkaln'uku 'pqanetsta'halni' nte 'k. at n' esnilaxanxo 'une'. sukuilnu'k!,yok!akate 'ise'. ta'xas kuwalkuwa'yi 'ts qaaqa'skcnke'sine'. lats!ena'Ikenle'sine, qous k!elqa -net. Iana'me -'s. ta 'xas ktslmi' 'yits ni'upskilqatsma'k!i 'Itselme 'ye't. se' qake'ine- ske'n 'ku 'tsna'na: "ta'xas hults!35 enaxa'la kultsukuata/Ia."~ qak.Ia'pse' swu"e's: "maats pal k!upski 'Iqaq!u'rnne "nam, huts!up~cana 'late 'mle'." qawuneke 't-se' qake'1ine' ske'n 'ku 'tsna'na: "ta'xas hults!enaxa 'Ia kultsukuata/Ia.l) aa'Itke' laqak.Ia'pse' swu"e 's:;'huquake'ine- maats kaas kselq!u"mne' aq1,sma'kinek!." ta'xas qao"'saqa 'alle'. ta'xvs kuwune'ke 't-s 40 ta'xas n'u'p~cane- naak!eyulla'na ta'xas k.lalit.luk.le'et.s q!a'pe "s k.Iq!u'mne 'na'me 's. qakile 'me' ske'n 'ku 'tsna'na: "ta'xas hults!enaxa'la." n' upý.-ale's ine'- ske'n'ku 'tsna 'na pal skek.le 'itsne'. nu*Ia'se' neis at kuwa'sel 'a'wam n'e'ts!ke 'I nbipe'k!a 's. sl' aqaqa'pse' kuwe'I'e'ts. qakile'Ineo: e"masts q!u"mne'n'. ta'xas huiqo 'naxa'45 Ia." ta'ixas q!a'pe' q mu'me"ne' aqlsma'kine'k!. ta'xas ts!enat xe'. laxa'xe' qous kMelqa'anit.lana'mes. tinaxa" mne'. ni 'U p2.cafe' mika ktselmi-'yet.s q a. atsqa'pse' o "k!uquna ksu'kuilnu'k!uyuk!aka'te' nei kk.lenq!o'ymul. n'up~cane' neis a-'k!a'Iatxwu'ets pal slyakle'itse' telna'mukesta'ke s. xa'tseni 'lhake 'Ike 'use' po'po-'s 50 yake'ay tsxalqt~a'lepa~ki'txumuna'pse' neis po'po-'s telnam''s. natsq!ana'ane'. qao'xa'xe' neis yaqa 'haq!a~ha'nske'. tsukua'te. q!a'qane' aa'kuqlo "kwats!ese 's. ta'xas nao "k ueC nuk!"e 'n' - wetsk~'e' Iaq!arxo ',~'na 'Is. ta 'xas selqiawoxo. e'se' neis a-' k!a BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 145 Fox I went out. He staid out the whole night. 11 When it was almost 10 morning, he came back into the tent. Then Coyote arose andI looked at his friend. He was sleeping with his son. I They did so a long time for several months. I Then Coyote said: " I can tell by his eyes that my son has I manitou power. Now let him go and get the toy." He had heard 11 that 15 some one had a good toy. Therefore I he said so to his friend Fox. Coyote had given to his son I his own manitou power, and his manitou power was Moonlight-just-touching-the-Ground. I Fox gave his to his son. (It was) Darkness-of-Night. I Then they started. They went along. After they had gone along for several days, ii they came to a town. They arrived there, and 20 they staid at a distance. I The following afternoon they heard I the people talking. They said: "Now I play with your toy." Then they saw I the people coming out-all the men, jj'women, and children. 25 They all went there a little distance from their tents. I They brought it out. Then they carried it into the camp. IThen they began to shout. They saw how I they began to roll it about. They heard (saw) that the thing they were rolling about had a nice sound. I Then they went for it. They caught up with it and kicked it. 11 It 30 made a good sound. They ran for it. Only youths who were very fast could catch up with it. It was pretty and bright. I Some time in the evening they stopped. They took it back I to the farthest tent. At night before it was very darkIYoung Coyote said: "Now let us go I1 and let us take it!" His friend said to him: "Nd, I they 35 are not yet asleep, they will see us." It was not long before I Young Coyote said: "Now let us go! Let us get it!" I The friend said again: "I said no, the people are not asleep yet." I Then they staid there. After some time 11 Young Fox knew that it was quiet. All 1 40 were asleep. Young Coyote was told: "Now let us go!" I Then it was seen that Young Coyote was asleep. I This happened because he returned early when he was looking for manitou power. Therefore I he slept soundly. He was told: "Don't sleep! Let us go there!" 11 Then all the people were asleep. Then I they started. 45 They got there to the farthest tent. They entered; and they sawI that, although it was dark, it was easily seen, because the toy looked bright. I They saw two old people asleep in the doorway. I Each held a hammer. 11 They were to knock down with the hammer 50 whoever came to steal it. I They went in secretly. (The one) went to the place where it was hanging, I took hold of it, and cut the string with which it was hung up. The other one I he.ld the door open. 85543~0-Bu11. 59--18 10 146 146 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL. 59 Ia::wi'ets neists sIwu'xo~sts ýcma n'cskik.lete'ksex. ta'xas 55 laanwa~a"mne- qous am:n'lqa'ha-ks. wu'q!raxo'une- na.'q!makik.lete'ksew. flej tdnamukucfste k n'o 'kuiuke~sinme 'to k nois kak~lo'o'ts. tsoika'te- neis aaý'kla'almo-ks pal-o'uso nei kk.Icnq!oymo'L. qal' atc'ne- aa'k!a'amiro 'k. qakila" mne- ttlna'm 'u: "cpal'o'uno' aa,'k!,a'almok. pal n'ayna'mno'." ta'xas n'anakes60 ýca"mne'. qake'ino': "n'ayna'mno', n'ayna'mno' aa~k!a'almo'k." welko'iino' nois ko'itsxa. ta'xas noi aa,'kek.lu"na-m qakiya'mno': "yoquake 'iko' tenam 'ukue'ste 'k." n' anaya' mna'mne'. qakile'lne': "kaas k!a'qa'nalke'n'e-I." neis qanank!o'nne'lo. qake' ine': i"nois qa "ke 'lhaq!mako 'k-lott'le 'k." ta'xas 65 wanaqna'lno' swu'timo'. qanaxa'mne' n'u'pxal neis na'mko'. qak.la'pso- swu "o s skc'n 'ku 'tsna'na: "ma kamate'ktso 's tetu"ne 's qa'psins. ctke'no'n'." ta'xas ske'n'ku 'tsna'na naqte'1to' qasq!mamu 'xo 's. ii' sqa>ýcameo 'Line'. qawunekc'L so ts lakanmiyc't.se'. qak.la'pse': "a'a,' ko' ma kamate'ktse's laa'kl~la'ks-." 70 a'a'ko' laaaqte'ite- n'e'nso' he'k!o'ks. qa.atsqa'aio' -SWU'tnmu., ta'xas ts-yaltsenkine'lne'. qak.la'pso' swu-"o s ske'n 'ku 'tsna 'na. "lta'xas ts!kake'ne'n' en kina'lke'n." ta'xas tsukua'te- na'ak!eyuna'na neis aa,'k!a'almo'ks. ta'xas na'ak!eyuna'na naqte'ite' kuwelmu'xo 's. ta'xas ii' sqa~camete'lne-. nulpalne'lne'. qa. atski 'k1 -75 notxone'lo'k. qakiya'mno': "Iun'ek!lo'ot.s skekinotxone'le'k." qanaý:a'mno'. ta'xas laxa'nxo 'ulno' skc'n 'ku 'tsna'na. tsenkine-'lno'. n' esqax, mitne'lo na',k!eyuna'na. n'o 'la'se- nois ktamu' xo's. qakilamna'mno': "maat upc'lki'l. tsxal'i'n'e' kenk.lcnq!oymao'kui 1." ta'xas lats!ena'xe' na'ak!eyUna'na. la 'hal80 ke'n.-o' aaa.ka'almo 'ks. ske'n 'ku'tsna'na tsukuate'lne.. n'ttuk!sa'alno' ske'n'ku 'tsna'na. ta'xas laq!u'mno 'na'fnno'. lats!ena 'xe' na' ak!,yuna'na. qa-'na 'xe'. kanmiiye't.so' fl'U'P-IaflO' ma ktsenke'nlo "s swu"o 's. ma kulpalne'te 't ma kqake'lamna'mo 's maats k.lupe'le s. ta':Fas laqa 'na'xeo tsdlmiye't.se'. to 'xuats 85 kanmi'ye't.so' ta'xas to'xuats lalaxa'xe' aatkitila'e's. ta'xas laqa'yto' ness aa'ka'alImo'ks. sukkuek.le-te'kse-. ta'xas l'u'P)ý(aflO ktsulpa'lnaps alakine'k!o s. ta'xas nawas,-o'ume'k. qako'ine': sk/,n'-ku'ts, sk/,,n'-ku.ts flu- pt- IeIl- ne' xa-I e,"- ne's. skc'nrku'ts qake'ine': "hi'yfi' kanxa'le-"'aa 'ke. qake'ine: 90 na,'ak!eyu, na'ak!eyu nupeleIne' xale,"ne's.1 qako 'ino. ske'n'ku'ts: "tseika'to'n' neis at ke 'nqa- k iyukpu' ktse-'t ale"ne's. sel'upe'le'lno'." a,'~ke- laqake '1ne' na'ak!eyuna'na: Rý--cv.-sknll-q-i epI e ao"e-- BOASI KUTENAI TALES 147 Then- it did not touch the doorway. I If it had touched it, it would have given a loud sound. Then 1I they went out. There far off they 55 just touched it a little, I and it gave a slight sound. The old couple at once got up quickly I when it sounded. They looked for the hoop, but the toy had disappeared. I The toy was called "hoop." The old woman said: "The hoop is gone. Some one stole it." Then 1 both of them went out, and said: "Some one has stolen the hoop, 60 some one has stolen the hoop!" I They shouted their words. Then the people in the town ] said to one another: "Listen to what the old couple are saying!" They went out. I They were asked: "Which way has it been taken? " It was pointed out to them. | They said: "There was a little sound of it in that direction." Then || the friends 65 were pursued. The people went out. They saw them going. I Then Young Coyote was told by his friend: "Your father gave you I something, use it." Then Young Coyote untied I Moonlight-just-touchingthe-Ground, and their tracks were lost. It was not long before I it was daylight again. He said: "He gave you something, too." The other one 11 then untied his inoonlight. The friends were not 70 visible. I When they were about to be caught, Young Coyote was told by his friend: j "Give me what you are carrying." Then Young Fox took I the hoop. Then Young Fox untied ] Darkness-of-Night. Then he was lost (to his pursuers). They heard only a rattling noise. |1 "They said to one another: "The other way is a rattling noise." | 75 They went that way and overtook Young Coyote. I He was caught. Young Fox was lost because he had the ] Darkness-of-Night. The people spoke to one another. "Don't kill him! He shall be your I toy." Then Young Fox went back, carrying 11 the hoop. Young 80 Coyote was captured. ] Young Coyote was tied up. Then they slept again. Young Fox started back I and went along. In the morning he knew I that his friend had been taken. He heard them talking together and saying I not to kill him. Then he went along at night. When it was almost 11 morning, he almost arrived at his 85 tent. Then I he began to roll the hoop. It made a good sound. Then he knew I that his parents would hear it. He sang, and said: I "Coyote, Coyote, your child has been killed!" | Coyote said: "Hiya', my son!" Then he said:|| "Fox, Fox, your child has been killed! " I 90 Coyote said: " See! You didn't sehd your son to get manitou power, I and now he has been killed." Young Fox said I again: I "Coyote, Coyote, your child has been killed!" | 148 B-UREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [33ULL. 59 95 qake'ine- ske'n -ku -ts: " hy -', kanxalna'na. " qake'ine- na'ak!eYu: "Iqa'psin kense'ilts~ca skt'w-ku-ts? maats he'its~rau'. ta'xta,lawa 'za 'in hutsxa-l'up.Zaýnala'ane- qa'la n'c'snil'upe'I-es -ýale-'es." ta'xas skc'n ku ts laqats~ca'ne.- tsenanqa'me-k. ta'xas nulpa'lneSwu'tmo ske'n ku Ats aa,'kik. lite -yec'se -s atk!a',lmo ks. suk,,nike'100 te-nala"'kse'. a'a,'ke- to',,a at laela'ne- nulpalnc'te-t kqakiya'mne-s k!upe'Pecs xale Ws. ta'xas aqa't!a-ks laqaskakik.le-tc'le-k aa' k Ia'almo k. qaki l~ne- ski'n ku ts: "ok!uenki 'no n' laq!anxo'unal"Y ta-'xas ski'ivkvuts nowu'kune-. n'uk!ue -nki'n-e,la. sakinu 'n. ta'xas waqa'yne aa'k!a 'almo k. tkaqa'yne105 neis aatkit. lana'me slo qawa-kaqa'yne-. sla:tkikqa'ane- na'ak!eyu. qawanxa"mne- neis kulpalni'te-t kawaszomeya'me-s. qaoxaqa'yse- yaqakqa'ake' na'ak!eyu neis aatk!a'almo-ks. to'xua qanaxu 'so- q a4aqa'yso skc'n -ku -ts yaqa'hauqamo'iko. qa'o'>xalqanraxu 'so neis aa k!a'almo Iks. ta'xas seltsxanata'pse110 k!is'ne'I'ops xale'e s skc'n ku ts. qa waxamitna-%:wa'tewk k!"la. qake'ine-: "hiyA'- kanxalna'na, kanxalna'na." ta'xas lawa 'xo. la'a'k!eyuna'na. latkaxa' mile*. qako 'ino: hoqua. u'p:Fane ka,n'aqani 'ke-t mc'ksa-'n honulpalnete'tine nois ktsenke 'no -1. k!u'pca-I ta'xas ku'selesqa~rami'teiI qakilamna'mno-: masts 115 upe'lkH-, pal kensilsqa~Zamitki-i kenk-linq!o'ymofuIkui-I tsxal'enqa'pto k kink. Iinq!oymo 'ukui 1.' ta'xas kul ats!i'ka in." Ta'xas qa-net.la',neo swu'timo- ski'n-ku-ts at la'apsilqakef ' 1no ski'n-kuvts: "ta'xas hults!enal'ana~akana'la." naqa'senwune - ke-ts qak.la'pso- swu"o-s: "ta'xa-s hults!enail'anaxakana'la. 120 ta'zxas lcnlaqao kuliiqa 'af- aqlsma'kinek!." ta'xas ts!enakc'kine swu'timo- nuk!qape 'ine na'ak!eyuna'na pal ka'qa ps kk.lenq!o'ymo- qa'o'k.likpa'motk. ta'xas laxa'qco swu'timo aakek.luna' mos. qawitsa~xe qaakesu-wesa~qa'ane. k!unanu'qkwa-s nulpalneti 'tin-e. tsxanamc 'sine- qous a,,kik. luna 'me s. qakiya125 me'sino.: "ta'xas anaxa "mkH Ikenlik.linq!oyko 1." qawuneke't.se-, td'xas n'ttkaxa' mnami 'sine'. q!a'po-'s neis at yaqaneke'tske-neis a a'k!a'almo ks tsxalk.Icnq!oymu'1o-'s qanike'tso*. ta'xas clnaw'haks n'akaxa'mnalcle'sine xale-'e-s. nalqo-- m1a'tili'sine*. 1' U'p:ail* na'q!apq!Wlsa'ksew ma wuq!la" mse-, 130 k!a'qa'qa'pqaps. ta'xas qa'naqkupli'kxale'sine-. nutsenqkupekina'kso-, ta'xas mitexale'sine. laxa'nxo'ule-s at qanaqli'1qxale'sine-. ta'xas ski 'n ku ts k!umna'nlikpakta'pse-. qako 'ino.: "ta'xas hulqonaxia'la-, kul atsukuata'Ia." qako'ineo na'a,,k!eYU: "4mae qa-k. hutsqcaI'itki'n-e*." naq!a-naq!no'ino xia t'ak!eYU. 135 ta'xas ski'w~ku-tsna'na n' ot!unilhalnokupqa'ano-. laqa'laxa -'Iýco'ulno'. lats!ienaq!anaq!ne' ino na 'ak!eYU. lats!ina'xe- skiw-- ku tsna-'na. laqa'laxa 'nxo 'ulne P. 1alo'qualqa/atseo. ta'xas na'ak!e yuts!eq!a'naq!llO'jllO ta'xas ski'rvkw-tsna'na, nutsqa'nkaquno-ki'me-k. talxas q!a'po n'uinats!ra'mneo k.laqalaxa',,n-o,,l BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 149 Coyote said: "Hiya', my little son!" Fox said: I "Why did you 9-5 talk, Coyote? Don't talk! Later on, I when he arrives, we shall know whose child has been killed." I Then Coyote said no more. He was just sitting there. Then I Coyote and his friend heard the noise of the hoop. II They felt glad, but they also almost cried when they heard 100 some one saying I that his child had been killed. Then there was noise of I the hoop. Coyote was told to open the door. I Then Coyote arose and opened it. I He sat down, and the hoop came rolling in. It rolled II into the tent. It came along rolling. Fox was lying 105 down. I He did not move. Then they heard some one singing. I The hoop rolled to where Fox was lying. It almost i fell down, but went rolling on to where Coyote was sitting down. I There the hoop fell down. Then they told him 1I that Coyote's son was dead. He fell 110 down crying, I and said: "Hiya', my little son, my little son!" Then Young Fox arrived. I He entered the tent, and he said: "I do not know what has happened, I but I heard that he was taken. I He was seen when they lost sight of me. They said among themselves: 'Don't I1 kill him! Since you have lost sight of your toy, he shall 115 become your toy.' Then I went back." I Then Coyote and his friends lived in the tent. Coyote often said: I "Let us make war on them!" After some time I his friends said to him: "Now let us make war on them! II Probably the people are no 120 longer uneasy." Then the two friends started. I Young Fox was left alone. Because he had the toy, I he was not lonesome. Then the friends reached the town. I They did not go near. The two stopped. I When the sun was going down, they heard talking there in the town. I| It was said: "Now go out to play!" ft was not I long before they 125 came out. Everything that I used to be done with the hoop when they were going to play with it was done now. I Then his son was taken out. They were all around him. I They saw that his hair was all cut. 1I He used to have long hair, but now he was changed. Then 130 they kicked him hard. I He started to run, and they pursued him. When they caught up with him, he was kicked again. I Then Coyote pitied him. He said: I "Let us go nearer! Let us take him back!" Fox said: I "Wait, I'll do something!" He made a sign with his head. II Then all of a sudden Young Coyote ran fast. They could not 135 overtake him. I Fox again made a sign with his head, and Young Coyote started again. I They could not catch up with him. He made a turn. I Fox made a quick sign with his head. Then Young Coyote ran their way. j Then all laughed because they could not overtake II 150 150 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [13ULL. 5f) 140 ske'n ku tsna'na. me 'ka yaka'lnoku 'pqa laqalaxa 'nxo 'une, sla'qaqa 'fle k!omats!nata f'mnam. qawaka 'xe -skc'n ku tsna 'na; ta'xas tsEm-a'k!il-aqamete xa'lInce neis yaqa 'kcsosaqa'pskealakine'k!e 's. lalaxa'xe. nowokue'ste 'k swu'timo na,,'ak!eYu. n'up~ca'lne- pal sci atsukuafte xale 'e-s. qakilamna'mne-: "ta'145 xas maats tseika'tke-il swu'timo- ske'nku-ts. at sa-ha'ne-. xma ts!uplawa'sine." tafxas lats!ena-'xe swu'timo-. Hiya.f, q!a'pen'ilana'nrne-. k.la'lok.lcnq!o'ymo-I nei aa'kek.1u- "na m. ta'~xas laqa na'xe- ske'jirku ts swu'timo-. lalaxa'x'e.. tafxas soukuilq!o'"kune-. (1b) COYOTE GAMBLES WITH SALMON 150 Qa net.la'ane- swu'tiino. ta 'xas n~aqa'psc- kk.enq!o'ymo. nulpalno te'tine- qayeik!ena'mo' qa'qaaps aatk! a'almo-ks swu'tjmo's ske~nwku-tsts nafak!,yu's. ts! enafx~e-. ts!enaluwa'ts!xne-. qalwi'yne- ktsxalho/'qua neis aa'k!a'almo-ks. sukuaakcfn-e qayeik!tna'mo, si aqaqana'ane- kts!cnaluwa'ts!xa. p 'k!a Is 155 n'up~rale'sine- sukuaakefn-e ske'n-ku-ts at qawulaxa'ymne-. ta'xas seltspo Iwynatt'lne-, me'ksa 'n na',,k!eYU at qa-halw-a'ts!ne-. qalwiynaame'sine- ksaana'akiln. ta'xas laxa'ze- qaye~k!cna'mo. naqu'lne netst a'halnc "nte I, nok! ue 'ise at' aletskc'l' e-s qsama'lne-. k.la'xa-m qake'lne- swu'timo "s skc'wku ts: "ho'ya's 160 hula'luwats!na'la." qake'1ne- skc'n-ku ts:, "qa'psinl kutsalwats!na'la?" qakik'~lne:- "kalq!a'ha-It." qake'ine- ske'n Ints: "(Cso f ukune -. hutsalwats!nala 'afle." ta'xas n'anal' 4tku'Inex ta'xas naluwats!nafmne'. qake'ine- na'ak!eYU: "rna~tS lha'l,,wats! xale-"ne-s. kanxa'le hcnts!snlkjnemra'lne-." ta'xas nat165 wats!na'mnex. qawunikc't ine- nuqua'tne- ske n-ku-ts. aa'akeIa-ha'luwats!na'mne a ')ke- lahoqua/tne- skc'n-ku-ts. ta-'xsas q!fp~uuafle~aatM0 a'k yuna'na. pee'k! a Is nuqua-'tn a~a k!a'atImo-kuafe s. pat neists k!o 'tjmo I. tt"xas qa-nqa'mne-k skc'n-kuts. qakc'tne- na'ak!eyUna'nas: "ts! name'te 'I' tetu "no's, 170 hentsxalqake'tne- k~lainate'ktsap kmalu'q! ut-is." ts!ena'xena',,k!eyuna'na. qake'tne- tctu' 'e -s: 4"Cqake'ine - k-,'tfa kenlama'atke ts kmatu 'q!uti-ts." qatwi'yne- na'ak!eyu: "qa'psins k!c'lke-t? ksetqaha-mate'ktsa-p qa'psins k!aqa'ke-." qakc'tne-,al'efes: "tsename'te-n', kentqa'kel qa'psins Wel'k -et" 175 lats!ena'xe". qakikl~ne- skt'n-kwts: "qake'ine- kate'tu qa.u'p--p qa'psins hen'itke'timitl." qake'ine- ske'n-kuts: "a: xma lqsa nmu'ki Iqa. u '-pa? ts!nam 'efle11' kenlqa'ki I, maats kltslake'lktsa p." lats!enaf'ze- nei Ika 'm u taquna 'xe tctu "e-s. q.ake'lne-: "qake'ine- maats ke-nttslake'tki-ts kinlama'atki-ts. 180 mi'ka henwite'lwiyna' atmeit. ktsxa'tste 'te k." f' U 'uP:ýaf lO a'/a1Story name of salmon; modem name swa'qlmo. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 151 Young Coyote. Even the fastest runners could not catch up 140 with him. I Therefore they laughed about it. Young Coyote came along. I They could not catch up with him at all. Then he came to I where the parents were. Fox and his friend arose. I Then it was known that he had taken back his son. They told one another:[| "Don't look at Coyote and his friend! They are bad. I They might. 145 kill us." Then the friends started back. Hiya! they all I cried, because they had no toy in that town, I Coyote and his friend went on. They arrived at home, and I they were glad. 1I (b) COYOTE GAMBLES WITH SALMON Then the friends lived in their tent. Theyhad the toy. I The Salmon 150 heard that the friends I Coyote and Fox had the hoop. He started to gamble with them. I He thought he would win the hoop. Salmon was a good I gambler, therefore they started to gamble. Long ago || it 155 was known that Coyote was a good gambler,., but he did not keep it up. I Therefore they tried their luck with him; but Fox never gambled. I They thought he was a bad gambler. Then Salmon arrived, I traveling by canoe. They were young men, and one (woman) their sister I went with them. When they arrived, (Salmon) said to Coyote and his friend: "Let us I1 play!" Coyote said: "Whatshallweplay?" I 160 He was told: "The hiding game (lehal)." Coyote said: I "Well, let us gamble!" Then they made a fire outside, and they began to gamble. Coyote said: "Don't I let him gamble! Your son and my son shall be partners." Then II they played. It was not long before 165 Coyote lost the game; and I he played again, and Coyote lost. Then | he lost everything. Young Fox and his uncle had lost I the hoop. That is what they wanted to get. Coyote sat down, I and said to Young Fox: "Go to your father II and tell him to give me the thing 170 striped crosswise." Young Fox went. I He said to his father: "Uncle I says you shall give him the thing striped crosswise." Fox thought: "What I does he mean? He did not give me anything. Why should he say that?" He said I to his son: "Go to him and ask him what he means." |I He went back, and Coyote was told: "My father says he 175 doesn't know I what you mean." Coyote said: "Oh, how should I he not know it? Go to him and tell him not I to keep it from me because he likes it." The child went back and came to his father. I He said to him: "He says you should not keep it back because you like it, but give it to him, [! even if you should like it very much. He wants 180 to bet with it." Then Fox knew (what it was). I Then he gave it to rJ72 0 z 0 z H H 0 0 C) 0 0 H 0 p p p p p. p p 0 p p p w 0 p p 0 - p p.. S P (/2 4 ci) 4C1 U 4 ci) 0 ci~ C) td z~ BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 153 him. I "He must mean the partridge tail." Then he took out the partridge I tail and gave it to him. He said to him: "I think he meant just this. I He must have meant it." (The boy) took it back and gave it to Coyote. 1I He was told: "My father says you must 185 have meant this." I Coyote said: "What else should I mean?" I Fox said: "Don't gamble for a while. I shall go." I Coyote was told: "My father said you should wait for him. I He is coming." Then Fox got ready. 11 It was not long before Coyote shouted, saying: "You | 190 let me wait. I ought to have back already what I have lost." Fox arrived there, I and said to Young Coyote: " Let us be partners!" Then I he went there, and they gambled. He moved his hands in the game and sang. I He sang thus: 1 "Whenever I am pointed out, the gambling bone will disappear." 1 195 And he sang also another song. He sang thus: I "If I lose, they'll die." I It was not long before he began to win. Salmon bet again. I They gambled, and Fox won another game. Young Coyote was his partner. 1I While Young Fox and Coyote themselves had lost, I now Sal- 200 monlost everything. Salmon said: I "You ought to stake against our sister." I Fox said: "It is well, since you say so." I They staked, and Salmon lost again. They had nothing else to stake. 1 He started 205 home, and cried because he had lost his younger sister. I Fox said: "She shall be your son's wife. My son i is still too young." Then Coyote had a daughter-in-law. I She married his son. I (c) SALMON WOMAN TRIES TO DROWN COYOTE The friends lived together. Then Young Coyote had a child. 1I At 210 once the woman began to cry. She had a canoe. I Because Fox had won, therefore they had I a canoe. The woman got ready at once. Coyote saw I that his daughter-in-law was going home. Then I Coyote also got ready to accompany his son where 11 he was going. Fox 215 thought: "There are bad places in that river. Let me go along. Coyote and his son might die'." Then Fox also got ready. I The woman went aboard the canoe. She was told: | "Wait; I'll get aboard." Then the woman cried. II Fox said to his son: "You stay 220 here; I'll go along. I Coyote and his son might be killed." Then I Fox went aboard, and the canoe started. I The woman was seated in the 154 154 ~B'UREA'U OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.5 [BULL. 59 qa'me-k nei pa-'lkei. qa:naqu'lne-. sanlaxapqle'ise. lazaqu'lneo. q ake' 1ne- ske'n ku ts: "maqa'ak upaqu 'le 'n' hutsxal' cnt anal225:o',,ne- lka'm-u." qaqalwi'yne' nej pa'lkei. n'ila'ire-. ta'xas laxaqu"'me' neiS aa'kaxa'pqle 's. n'u 'p_ýane- na'ak!eYU kselsa nelwiyna'ataps neis pa-'lkeis. naqa 'pse' aa' kuktse'k4- '11 na'ak!eyu. qakc'lne- neis xale-'itimo-'s ske'nwku-ts: "qanaxa"mkelI na a kuktse'ki 'a." ta 'xas qanaxa"mne y:ýale 'jtjmo skc'n ku tsts 230 na'ak!eyu. ma'nwitskaýCane'le-k ko-'s na-'ak!eyu. ta'-Tas wat!aqu'n-e- yaqso" mi-1. n'iktsenoqu'n'e-. qalwi'yne- nei pa'lkei ta'xas kits!u'pil. nei aa~kuktse'ki-n yo-kuqu'we-. a:nk!o-nanmt 'tuks la'wa-kaqu 'n e- yaqso "nail. manwetske'kine. nei pa'lkei sla-tke k!aqo mate'tse- pal q,. u'pse-. 235 La:ts!enaqu'lne-. qa-wule-e't.se- a'a'ke- la-'psanla~apqle'ise-. a:n c'se-kaletetne'jse-. qake'ine- ske 'n-ku ts: "ma* 'qa-k, hutsxalenta'nalxo'une- kapa'pa." qa'tsekata'pse- neis pa'lkeis. ta'Tas laxaqu 'lne-. a',,'ke Ia. etke'n e- na'akl!eYU net'S aa'kuktse'ke IIs. lao-qoxaxa-"mne xale'Itimo ske'nokwtsts na'ak!eyu. lama:'n 24() wetskaxzne'le k ko 's, a/'a'ke- lacktsenuqu'3e- yaqso'm 'I' e-s. a:nk!onanmt'tuks Iaa'wa 'kkEmnenXo 'fu 'qune' yaqso "nil. laakaqanxa "nne' na'ak C!eYUtS ske'n'ku'ts xale'etimo. tseikata'pse' neis pa'lke's. sla'tke'k!aqo-mate'tjne-, a'a'ke' pal'aqa.upla'pse'. (d) SALMON WOMAN TRIES TO KILL COYOTE IN HER TENT Ta'xas slala~a'Te- aa-ket.la'ews nei pa'lke1. qalwi-yne-: "ta'xas 245 kaalc'tske-I ktsxal' esnil'o-'kui-t.)' qa q!a'nmoqts!tnu 'kse', qa'o -v xal'upaqu'lne-. la-e Jo kxaxa"mne- hei pa'lke1. qanak.lek'4neneis yaqso "mi 'Is. qalwi'yne' ktsxalye'k!talq oku 'na o'. n' asqa'nalhotsinqa 'atSe' sahanlee't. so'. qaa'loqaqana'ane- alswv'timo* pal ksahanle '4t.. na'ak!eyu qao*'aqa'nme txo 'one' ya'q!eits. ta'xas 250 qana'xe' alswu'timo. youxa'xe-. sent.laname'sine*. k.latinax'ma"i ne1 pa'lke1 qake'ine-: "husilw~am'a'lne- kenl'okue'tki-l."~ n'e 'k'kteta't!e-s. ta'Tas ktina'xa'm nei alswu'iimo neis qaakqa'psenetstic'ha'Is, nuwu'kse' n' anaxa"mse'. nuwu'kso' n' a'sw 'e'tlna'mo' 's tsukua't.so- a'tsu-'s n'anaxa"mse-. wuneki't.se' latka'255 kesxa"mse- nalkt'nse' n'ett!qa'pse- aaq!ul'e'se's xa'altsilg. xonalye "k!tale'sine'. ta'xas q!a'pe 'I' eknk!omatiyame's ne'. n'itxoniyame'sine'. ta'xas naq!ako'une- neis aa'q!u'l'e-s xa'altsin. ta'xas sahanoqu'n 'e'. aakilaqakt'n'oe neis aa'kuktse'ke 'ns na'/ak!eyu. wuneke't. se', ta'xas laqasa 'hanoqu 'se'. lao' 'k!"inki260 n~'ne' se'it!. tseikate'lne- na'ak!eyu. sla'tke'kMaqomate'tine'. pal a/a'ake' stl-aqa'tal'oktt'lne'. Ta'Z.as tselmiye't.se'. qak.la'pse- neis nul'a'qana' 's: ' lo',uneqayeik!ena'mo. tselmi'yet hentsalnu'quake'lne-. hents!e 'kc'lne'." ta'Tas tselmi 'ye'tine *. ta'~as ts!ena'*e - na'ak!eyu, ts~alhaqu'lne. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 155 bow. They traveled along. There was a cascade. They came to it. I Coyote said: "Wait; paddle ashore! I'll carry the child alongshore." II The woman did not want to do it. She cried. | Then they 225 arrived at the cascade. Fox knew I that the woman was angry with them. Fox had a bladder. I He told Coyote and his son: "Go into this I bladder." Then Coyote, his son, and Fox went in. 11 Fox had his 230 pipe in the hole of the bladder. Then I the canoe upset and sank. The woman thought I they were dead, but the bladder floated. Farther down the river I the canoe came up again. The woman looked back, I and there they were sitting together. They were not dead. |I She turned back. Not far away there was another cascade, I a still 235 more terrible one. Coyote said: "Wait; I'll I carry my grandchild along the shore." The woman did not look at him. Then I they arrived there, and Fox worked again at his bladder. I Coyote, Fox, and the boy went in again. II He held the pipe at the edge of the 240 hole. Then their canoe went down again. I A little farther down the river the canoe emerged again. I Coyote, Fox, and the child came out. The woman looked at them, I and they all sat down together, and again she had not killed them. (d) SALMON WOMAN TRIES TO KILL COYOTE IN HER TENT Then the woman got back to her tent. She thought: II "My brother 245 shall kill all of them." There was a smooth precipice there. I They went ashore. The woman landed, and kicked I the canoe. She thought she would upset it. I Then they climbed up a bad place. The friends did not know what to do | when they came to the bad place, but Fox had thrown tobacco on it. Then [I they went on, and the friends 250 reached the top. There was a tent. When the woman entered, I she said: "I bring them all; kill them all." She meant (spoke to) I her elder broth4r. When the friends arrived there, a young man was lying down. I He arose and went out. Two old women also arose. I Each took a dish and they went out. After some time || the two 255 came back again, carrying (the buckets) filled with dog manure. I They threw it into the fire. Then all the people covered their heads and I lay down. The dog manure was burning, I and therewas bad smoke in the house. Fox did the same thing with the bladder. I After some time there was no smoke. They took off 1 their blankets 260 and they looked at Fox. They were all sitting there together, I and again they had been unable to kill them. I Then at night they were told by an old man: "There is no I salmon. At night you shall carry torches. Then you shall eat." I In the even 156 156 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.9 [BULL. 69 265 ske'n ku tsna 'na. tsxal' aakO 'one-n' o-k!ue 'ine nctsta'halna 'na. tsxalhalnu 'qune- ske 'n ku ts* tsxalqawu-sa~ qa' aile. qakihe'lneskc'n ku ts: "maats hcntsq!u' mne 'ine hcnts!upsa'tiyiltseika'teaa kenq!o'ko-. henq!u"mue- tsxal'uple'sine-." ta'xas ts!enaqu'ln0 -nat ak!eyu Wn'-'e ka'qo ix ske'n-ku tsna'na tsxal'c'n-e k!a'ako270 qayeik!ena'mo-'s. nei netsta'halna'na tsxal'e'n-e kawctsnu 'q11aku'pk!o'. ta'xas ske'ivku 'ts qao"'sa~qa'ane'. ta'xas wune 'ke't.so' at laa 'na-"wttske'kine' skt 'ni ku 'ts. qakile'lne' skt 'n ku 'ts: "hcn'u'p~ra laqawclanq1!u 'ko', ta',sas hentslaa 'naxza' mle-. ta'xas hu'tsil'upclamnala'ane -; tsxatsil'aqaqaane - nei aa'kenq!u'ko'. qa275 wuneke't. se' laa 'na'wetske'kine-. n'u'p~rne', ta'xas laq awlanq!uko'pse' qous yaqso-"mi'ls. ta'xas fl'u'p:aFe'. ta'xas. k.l'upe'lamna 'me's. qous aa,'k!a'laxwe'ets ya'wesqa'pse' telna'mools nawets'nuhxomuna 'pse- p0'po "s. La 'qa'nam tsxalyaqxa "lalta'pse-. neists k!u 'p-a kts~qapqu 'na "s a'k!almokuwa'e 'ts qous yaqso "280 mi'ls, qalwi'yne' ta'xas ktslaa'na'_am. qawunekc't.se- latek,,muqkupino 'xunaqna'kse' neis nctsta'halna'na "s. qake'kse': "n'cplawa.'sine' na'pt'k!a." ta',y.as ske'n'ktrts qalwi'yne-: "qae 'n-ehultsqa'e'p, pat ksel'ese-ka'te' qo po'po-. me'ka ke'e'n tulna'mo qo kuawc'tske-n, me'ksa pal ke'e'n nof11kuey qo po'po'. ktsxal'o'285 pilmu 'na p." ta'xas laqao-,yaqu'mlasxu 'ii e' ske'n 'ku 'ts. qalwi'yne': " hul' aqane 'ts." k!o "py.afla ps neis ttlna'mo-'s ta'xas ktsxaltsel'aana'xa'nai. ta'xas nei ttlnarnukuefste 'k yu 'waka'lat!xumia'ate- xa'"tseiil'asqawa'>-,-,me -tens aq!xu'neya'ate' skc'n 'ku 'ts ktsxalq!akpakt 'txo'. ta'zxas lala'xaqu'mlasxu 'n 'e' ske'n 'ku 'ts. 290 n'itqkupq!a'nwesqa'ane'. ta'zxas telnamukue'ste-k qalwi'yneta'xas ktsxalsel 'aqayaqa'wa'aqumla'asxo s, ta',Ias qana 'qkupla'ltee, pal ske'n'ku'ts k!itqkupq!anwt'sqa. ta'xas nei telnamukue'ste-k ya'halqanaqku'plalta'mne-. qaha-'le'n aa'k.la 'm 'e's qao x4aLuna'mne'. xa'tsenilq!akpakitxona'mne'. ta 'yas lats!295 na'2,pe skc'n-ku'ts. qous yaqa'hal'a.upaqlame'ske' laqao*'a 'xe'. laxa'xe'. ta'xas na'ak!eyuts ske'n-ku 'tsna 'na la. upaqu"'me'. qa'a11 -le-n selqa'kila'mname'sjine': "qac'nse- lqa'q!a'kpakitxo' Una 'ps telna 'mu's skc'n'ku'ts, sel'aqal'aqawa'xe' naasl)nta s."sltsxa 'n'-e ske'n'ku 'ts, qake'ine': "a: husel'awa',ye', qa. upla'pine- telnaamu300 kut'ste 'k. huluqua 1k!umna' nte'." ta'xas n' uma'tsine' welke'ine'. at qakq!u'n'e' skc'n'ku'ts: "xo::ýýo:ZO:" IIVPu'pane' na'ak!eyu k~l'u 'pe Is tclna'mu's, kl!u 'pske 'ks k!u'm-a-ts. qake'lne': "ta'ixas woa/ sa'qanan' la/ oqo-"waka~a'm'e 'i'. to-'xa le ''wam kwa' iaqnana 'wa -s." (e) FOX KILLS SALMON 305 Neists wa'lkuwa's' ke"1iwam na'ak!eyu neists ktina'xa ' m aa'ket.lana'me's) ma k!u'p~ra netsta'hals ma k!aka'4:a-ms. ta'.Tas no, netsta'ha'l:ýuna'~p' neis aa'kenme'tuks. ta'~as n'i*tke'n-. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 157 ing they started. Fox was to paddle, 11Young Coyote was to spear 265 (the fish), and the boy was t o carry the torch. I Coyote was to remain(in the tent)., Coyote was told: I "Don't sleep. Look at the I fire. If you should f all asleep, they will kill you." Then they paddled away. I Fox paddled. Young Coyote was the one to spear 11 the salmon, and 270 the boy was to hold the torch.I Coyote remained (in the tent) for some time.I Coyote looked out. Coyote was told:I "If you should see a small fire, then come out. ThenI we are about to kill one another. For that reason the fire will be thus." 11 It was not long before 275 he looked out again. Then he saw that the fireI in the canoe was small. Then he knew that they were about to kill I one another. There on each side of the doorway stood an old person. I They were holding a hammer each, ready to strike with itI if any one should want to go there. Then they would strike from each side. When he saw the light in the canoe getting smaller, 1 he intended to go out. 280 It was not long beforeI the boy came running in, and said:I "The manitous have killed us!" Coyote thought: I "I shall certainly die. That hammer is terrible. Although only an old womanI is holding it, nevertheless the hammer is made of stone, and she will 1 kill me 285 with it." Coyote jumped there. lie thought:I "I'll fool them!" When that old woman saw that heI was about to go out, then the old people lifted their hammersI to hit him. They both stood with legs apart, ready to strike Coyote.I They were about to knock him down. Then Coyote jumped there. 1 He stopped quickly. The 290 old people thoughtI he would jump through between them, and they struck;I but since Coyote stopped quickly, the old peopleI struck each other right on their heads. They J hit each other and killed each other. Then 11 Coyote started to go to the place where they 295 had landed. He went there I and got there. Thdn Fox and Young Coyote paddled ashore.I They were just telling each other: "Certainly the old woman has knocked downI Coyote, therefore he has not come to the shore."I Then Coyote talked, and said: "I am here. The old people have not killed me. 11I have made trouble f or them. " Then 300 he laughed aloud.I He laughed thus: "So, so, so!" Fox knew nowI that hie had killed the old people, and that he laughed for this reason. lie said to him: I" Hurry up! Come aboard! Those whoI make war on us are coming." 1 (e) FOX KILLS SALMON Then Fox saw a youth coming out-the same one I whom he had seen 305 the day before when he arrived and entered the tent. I The youth 158 158 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 me k, n' nqa'pte k qaye k!cna 'mo 's. tsxalsa-nlluWiyfla'atcY swu't 1mo s na 'ak!eYU'S. qalwi'yne- ktsxal'u'pi I ma kqa'ke -- 310 k!umna"ntaps neis k.1Fa>xalwa'ts!xa. (pal husla'tiyiltsek!ma'kenkc 'nw e mka ske'n ku tsna 'na n'c'sine Ihaqu 'me; na'a.k!eyu n'e'sine-laako'une- qaye-k!tna'mo's.) ta'xas neis kuqol1. qanaqu'lne% fl'u'pZ:ýalle qayeik!ena'mo's. no'hune-na'ak!eyu ke'e-ns neis wa'lkuwa 's ma k!aka'xa-'ms netsta'hals. I1'u'pxane315 ki1'esnqapta'ke 's qayeik!ena'mo's'. tsxal' a'ako' at neis luquaq!a'lkc'n'e' nei netsta'halna'na aa'kenq!u'ko'ps. sa'qana'ane* maats k.lsukqa~o'oal'a'ako -s na'ak!eyu-'s. pal ke'e'ns ta't!e's neis ktsxa'1'aako"e'les. l'u'pZanle' na' ak!eyu ya-Nqaq'na' - pske' neis netsta'halna 'nas. qalwi'yne': " hul' a'qaneits."Y 320 neis lukui-ka'se- neis kia'kxo-'s neis 1u~quank!oneulne-. qake'ne' neis netsta'hals neis n'e'nwe ka'mke' qayoik!ena'mo. sel'aqane'tse' neis yaqaka'ske'. qanaq!alke'n'e- aa,'kenq!u'ko'ps nei netsta'hal. ta'xas suk.laako'une- na'ak!eyu. k u 'p~a nei nctsta 'hal pal sla'qane 'tsa 'pse' na 'ak!eyu's 325 qake'1ne*: "maats qao'oal'a'ako'n' aaek11wu'm'e's. qaNo'xal'a'akoun' aa,'qa't!e's." aa'ake' nei nttsta'hal silqalwi'ynektsxaly u'pi -1 na'ak!eyu's. neists qao'oxal'a' ako' aa,,qat!c 'se's na'ak!,yu. ta'xas xma yek!ta'se' yaqso'me'l'e-s. neis kqa'k.laps: "lmaats aat'kuwum I e'seos." qatsc'nk!apaltiya'xane' qao-xsal' aako 'u330 ne' aa'kuwum' c'se 's. n'uolk!ullj l'u ku!~qanuxonu'qune- qayeik!ena'MO. nU' upýane' nei nctsta.'hal pal sel'uptle'sine- ta't!e-s. ta'xas qao >Caq.!ankc'me 'k neis o'k!ue 'haks yaqso' mils. yek!talqokue'n-e-. ta'xas n'enqa'pte'k qayeik!na'mo's nei n.,sta'halna'naa. ta'xas lats!e'nal' upa 'xe aat kc~la'e s kilala 'xa' 'i. t a'as sel' aqa,335 ke'ine,: l"n'uplawa'sane'," qalwi'yne' me'ksa ta'xas ktsupe'le "s netsk~ukqa'p~s. 'ake' n'a'sil'upla'pse', ta'xas qalsa'kilkina'pse'. ta 'xas na'ak!eYU swu'timo lats!enaqu'lne- neis k u'pil netsta'ha 'Is. naqa 'pse' aa'ko'k!uatsk!ak-!o. e'se 'sý. lolama'ane- n' oqoxake'n'e' yaqso-'me'l'e's. a'a'ke' wu'q!la,"mse'. (at qaqana' ane' 340 neis pe'k!a'ks aqlsmna'kinek!. wa'naqaru'nam qa'la n'u'pil nasolukueias at lulama-"ne' at lats!enalke'n'e 'am'a'k!e's.) ta'xas sclkanmiyc 't. se' qakike'lne' ýcale 'itimo ske'n 'ku 'ts: "maats hentslama'nuwetski 'kc 'in'." qa 'naqu 'me'. ta'xas yuwa "kmcnuqka'se', ta'xas yu'naqa'ane' ne1 aqlsma'kinek! nei haak.lou,'345 kue.. taxas wanaqana'n'e' na'ak!eyu's. qalwi'yne' skc'n'ku'ts: "lme'ka pe'k!a 'k huna'qanla. clqana'qulna'ala. " lama'n,,wetske'kine'. qake'ine': "sukuakatefine. kuwa'naqanana'wa 's."7 qak.la'pse' na'ak!eyu's: '"qa'psin at kenselqatso'ukuat ko'utsxa ma huquak. le sine-: 'maats kenla'qanawe 'tske 'k."' ta'zas 350 n' ctwetsqu'lne' swu'timo sk'n 'ku 'ts. me'ka k alsc 'ute 'k ka'qol qatal 'awanxa "ise' yaqso'mc 'l'e 's. ta'xas laxa 'se' kuwanaqn'nnwAps. tsukua,'te ibis, k.am ese'sne..s ntsta'ha'lsI BOAS] KUTENAT TALES 159 He was going to attackI Fox and his friends. He thought he would kill them, becauise he had been beaten I when he had gone to play 310 with them. (I have been all the time making a mistake. I It was Young Coyote who paddled, and Fox who speared the salmon.) Then they paddled along.I They saw a salmon. Fox knew it wasI the youth who had come out the day before. lie knew 11 that he had 315 turned into a salmon. When Fox was ready to throw his spear,I the boy put the torch to the other side. He did this so I that Fox should not hit the salmon, for the one to be speared was his elder brother. Fox knew what the boy was doing. He thought: " I'll fool him!" 11 The fish was coming along on one side, but he pointed 320 the other way.I He said to the youth: "Salmon is coming there." I He fooled him in regard 1ýo the side whence it was coming. I The youth turned the torch, and Fox speared him. I When the youth saw that Fox had f ooled him, 11 he said to him.: " IDon't hit it in the belly; I 325 hit its tail! " The youth thought Itheý salmon would kill Fox if he should hit its tail, I because then he would upset the canoe. When Fox was told:I "Don't hit its belly," he would not listen, but he hit it I1 in the belly. The salmon at once turned sideways.I The boy 330 saw that his brother was killed. Then I he stepped on one side of the canoe, fell into the water, I and became a salmon. I Then he went back to his tent. and arrived there. Then 11 he said: " They have killed us." 335 He thought the one remaining might also be killed, I as two had been killed. Then three had been killed.' I Then Fox and his friends went on paddling.I The youth who had been killed wore ear ornaments. They cut off his headI and put it into the canoe. He also had a, long braid. 11 (In olden times the people used to do this. When they 340 made war and some one killed I a chief, they cut off his head and took it back to their country.)I Then in the morning Coyote and his son were told: "Don'tI look back!" They paddled on. At sunriseI many people from a large camp 11 came to make war on Fox. Coyote 345 thought: I "They are already paddling after us." He looked backI and said: "A great many are, making war on us." I Fox told him: "4"Why don't you obey me and doI what I tell you? Don't look back!" Then 11 Coyote and his friends stopped. No matter how hard 350 they tried,I they could not move their canoe. Then the warriors arrived. I (Fox) took the head of the youth.I He lifted it up and 160 160 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BUJLL. 59 n'tktkakc'nec qake'lne-: "a: na- ken'o-'tki-l?" pcsuqkt'we-. na'iktse nuqu 'se-. lahaqu-'mne'. n' u-k uniawa'nxa" mse' yaqso'355 me'les. pal slxatkenu'kune-. nei kiyu~na'qa ta'xas qa'owxal'e't,,witsqu 'lne neis ya'qa'nal' ektsenoqu 'ske- aa'k.lam'e 'se's netsta'lials. ta'zxas na'ak!eyu selats!ena'xe- laqatseikate'lne-. (f) TURTLE RESCUES THE SALMON HEAD Qake'inei nei yaqa'scnqa'ltke- neis netsta'hals: "qa'la latso 'ukua-t naas a,,'k.lam'e'se-s kanxale -"nct-. ma ko'o'k!qa'p360 qailt na.u'tex tqcalsale-te'tjnex." ta'xas q!a'pe- aqlsma'kinek! n'anuwa'ts!new. pal k!o-'lo- qatakine'lne'. ta'xas qa: 'ln kiyu'kiyit qake 'ine- ka 'xax-n'uk!uefine netsta'ha I qal' aeline' ka'xaxs-: "hutsxalk!anuwa'ts!ne'. qak.la'p,,ne' ka'xax ne1 tuq!tsqa'mna ka'xa-y., at ku'tsqaqana'pmil, pal kinupxa'365 kil ka'xax at kqasts!a'mqa'qa k!a'nuwats!. hutsxal'ako'kuenme'lne-, ke'itsxa ka'zxax." ta'xas nei inctsta'hal qake 'ine': "hutsxalk!anuwa'ts!ne'. ta'~as htntsla. upa'qulkc'lne' aa'ket. Iane'ski'l. kanmi'yet, qa'len- kiyu'kiyit ta'xas hutslaa'waakawa;'ts!ne'. ta'xas hein-tslaqo'kwaqo'lke'lne'." ta'xas lats!cnaxa "370 mue'. kanmi'yit qa-'lin kiyu'kiyit qakiya'mne': "ita'.Tas ma kts~al'aa'waaka'wa-ts! ka'xzaz. ta'xas laquname'lkil." ta'xas q!a'pe' laholqla'mne'. na'wetskpayate'Ine'. qa:'lin kiyu'kiyit laa'waakawa'ts!ne'. lahalke'n'e- aa'k.lam'~se-s neis netsta'hals. ta'qcas tsukuafte- neis nac.u'te's. naqsanme-'yet.s ke'e'ns 375 tclnamu"e's. naqan'okunmi'yet.s a's at qatsxa'se-. ta'xas at tsen'malatikc'n'e' k.le'itsxa's at qat!aq!tala'pse'. ta'xas q!utse'ite'. n'uma'tse' pal n'uktukue'ise- aa'k!alma.e 'se's. lama'te'. Ta'xas huselq!apqalq!anuxwa'te' qayeik!ena'mo. 59. COYOTE AND THE DUCKS Ho 'ya' s, hutsxalhaqalq!anuituafte- skt 'n ku 'ts xale'itimo neis pe'k!a'ks yaaqaletke'nke' kia'q!la-'s. Q ahana'xe ske'n 'ku' ts. nabxo 'une' xale'e' 's. xuna'xe'. sktkq!a' fulukse'. qak.layi'e'tine' yaaqa'wesilqo'uk!awa'ts!e'kina'xanam5 na'mke-. n'u'PX~ane- skc'n'ku'ts qous lu'n'qo's yunaqa'pse' kia'q!la' 's. nonu'q!uwitsta'pse'. qaa'lo'qalnu'k!1ne'. qalwi' 'yne': "(ho'yas hul'a'qane'ts kia'q!la." qake'lne- xale-'e-s: "ho'yas, qake'ine' neis yaqak.la'pske' tctu"e's. -ta'xas ske'n'ku'ts aa'ake' 10 n'ei'la'n'e'. qalo',,kune': "a:l'ka'skat, a:l'ka'skat." ta'xas n'uk!ue'ine- kia'q!la qou's a:nelqa'ha'ks qawcsqu'le'k. qake'lne', alaqa'lt!e's: "ma'qa'k tsenk!apa'lteipýa'ki'l qous n'Ie'n'e' ni*pt'k!a yo-quake'ike-.." ta'xas ne1 kiyuna'qa kia'q!la tstnklapalte'le'k pa-sla-'L q1- ous-- --.p'k -/ "s- akilamne: ts! N-11pm'I I BOAS] KUTENAI TALES * 161 said to them: " Is this what you want? " He put it into the water. It sank. Again they paddled, and their canoe moved right away. I They were saved. Then the crowd stopped I on the water when the 355 head of the youth sank. I Fox went on. They did not look back again. I (f) TURTLE RESCUES THE SALMON HEAD Then the one who was the father of the youth said: "Who I will get this head of my son? I have one more child, II a daughter. He 360 shall marry her." Then all the people'l dived. They went into the water, but could not get it. Just at I noon Turtle-a young man called I Turtle-said: "I'll dive. Turtle, I the animal, said to me I I should do it, because you know [I Turtle is an expert diver. I'll try." I 365 Thus said Turtle. Then that youth said: J "I'll dive. You shall paddle back to the shore to your tents. I To-morrow, just at noon, I'll come out of the water; I then paddle back here." Then they went back. II On the following day, just at noon, they said to one another: | 370 "Turtle was to come up at this time. Go back to him." Then I they all paddled back and waited for him. Just at noon I he emerged, carrying the head of the youth. I Then he took the girl. For several days she was I[ his wife. For one or two days she did not talk. Then 1 375 he teased her to make her talk, but she wouldn't talk with him. Then I he tickled her, and she laughed. Her mouth had a bad smell. ] He left her. Now, I have told you about the Salmon. I "59. COYOTE AND THE DUCKxs Well, I'll tell you about Coyote and his children I-what they did, a long time ago, to the Ducks. Coyote was going along, carrying his son. Ile went down to a lake. I It is named Where-they-fight-with-Broken-Pieces-of-Wood in-the-Lake. 1 Coyote knew that far away there were many ] Ducks. 5 He was hungry for them, but had no way of getting at them. He thought: I "I'll fool the Ducks." He said to his son: "Go on; shout, '0 my father's brothers-in-law!"'" Then the child I said what his father had told him. Then Coyote also lI cried. He shouted: "0 10 my brothers-in-law! O my brothers-in-law!" Then J one Duck was swimming farther away on the water. He said I to his children: "Wait; listen [to] what the manitous I are saying!" There were many Ducks. They listened I to what the manitous were crying. 1 See p. 19. 855430-Bull. 59-18- 11. 162 162 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN~ ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 15 hentsxal a'k.lilkc'lne- qa'psins." ta'xas n' ok!ue'1ne- ts!e'nal' upa'xe-. qakc'lne-: "qa 'psin kenske'ikei?" qake'ine- ske'w-ku-ts: "hla: henselythia'nstawa'sine- k! aqa'alSOuk ke-nkdlenq!o'yke 1. koa'qa'lqa'talholqatsa'la." lats!ena'xe- nei kia'q!1a-. qake' ine: "4palo-'sllyelna'nstala',ne- kok.lenq!oyala'e-s." qake'ine, nei 20 k!uk! ue-': "In 'n-o 's upame'lkH-. hentsxaltsukuatke'lne-. kenlk.lenq!oyma'tkHL" ta'xas n'upa'xe- kia'q!la. n'ttke'nwe ale'itimo's skt'n ku-ts ktsxalqa. cktsinu 'qos me'ksa-'n qa hamate'ktseaakenqowa. c'se-s. qakile'ne- ske'rckw-ts xale'itimo: "ta'xas hulqsana'la." ta'xas qsama'lne- kia'q!1a-'s skc'n-ku'ts xale'1t1 -25 mo. ta,'xaskilunq1.oyma'lne- kia'q!1a-'s. naakilk.lenq!u'lik kia'q!la at nulqan oxu 'n-e neis kiloha'kq! aflUuks l' alou~aqa'n-u-yu'n eske'w-ku-ts at la.upa'ce- at n'entana'xe-. xo'na-m at nulu'q11ne-, at laho 'lqa'n uyu 'iie kia'q!la. at la'tsine 's lalo'xg.aqa'n ucu 'n e -. tse:n-o'k! unil' tnu'mo tstt'Ine' skt'n-ku ts. qakc'lne-: 30 " saha'-e- at kenhulqa'nwoxo'kui-I. ta'xas at maats laqa'~qana'pki-i. ata'qki-I pal k!oho'psiilqayaaqa'alha-k. at nei qa'laal-qalaqa'pkii1, at q!a'pe* henwtsawats!kc'lne-." ta'xas qakiIa'mne' kia'q!la: "pal selso'ukuse- qous yaaqake'ike nbpe'k!a. hulqa'qanawala'e's." ta'~as kia'q!la at qaqana 'ane-. neis tstl35 mP-'yet.s at la.upa'ze- ske'n-kwts. at qusqaakiyiks~'e-k e'nta-s. ta'xa~s n'etke'n e- skt'n ku ts a'atkcts i' alqanamxon~'ne nReis aa'kenuco 'unuks. ta'xas kia'q!la qaha'wats!. at qaqouqak'n eu's'mne-ks. at q!a'peo's n'etuk!sa',,ne-. a'a'ke- laqaha'wats!s qaqake'n-ex celna'haks laqaha'wats!s at la.e*'tuk!sa'anex- qakc'lne40 kia'q!hr-'s: "ta'xa no, hents!enawa'ts!kH- at ts!upEna-qle'lki-l. maats ata'kilwi-tske'ikPL." ta'xas sel'elkelwi'yne- ske'rrku-ts. xma ktsxalwo 'ukats aatkakfo "e-s kia'q!la 's. t a'xas naqsanmi 'ytt.s kqa'kein, ta'xas yunaqa'pse' ke'e-k ske'ivku ts. tse:n n' u 'pane- kia'q!la pal laqaso'kuaakate'iixe-. qakila'mne-: 45 " palu'sdltsa'mnaqapta'teyala'ane-." qake'1ne- k!o 'k!ue- kia'q!la: "t-net qakalo'ume- yaaqaanit.la' ake- skc'n-ku-ts at ts!ane 'msek! a'likwa.e'tjnex- ho'yas, ts!ename'tki-l, kenltseikatme'lki-I aa'ket.la"e-s." ta'xas n'uk!uefine- kia'q!la qal'ate'lne- mca'tso,,k ts! cnawa'ts!nex k.la'xao'm aa'ketola. 'se-s. n'upa'xex fl'Up::aflOe 50 yunaqa'pse kMctma'se,'ts kia'q!1a-'s. n'up)cane- pal n'c'nseskc'n-kwtsx. lats!ena'xe-. k.lala'xam qake'-ne-: "Pal n'e~noe sk'n-kivts pal Selo ktawa'sine-. ta'xas n'cla'-e- kia'q!la. qakila'mne Hka 'q!la: 1"kanmi 'yct. s a'a'ke laqaqana'was. hentsxalhakelwe'tski' 1k~'ne-. nej hents! enawa 'ts!ki 1 hentstse'j55 katkc'lne- qa'psin naaqantsxa'alo neis aa'kenoxo'unuks." ta'xas kanmi' 'yct.s ts!enaluwa'ts!te k kia'q!la neis kolua'kq!nuks.1 ne u'sme-k q!a'pe- nakelwetske'kine-. qawile.c't.se- n'u 'pqcane I 13&naby: k.lu1ha'kqinuks. KUTENAI TALES 163 Some one said: "Go ashore II and ask him something." Then one of 15 them went ashore. I He said to him: "Why do you say that v" Coyote said: I "We wanted you. You are playing nicely. I We are not able to go on the water." The Duck started, and said: I "They are wishing for us. They want to have our way of playing." Then[l one of them said: "Go ashore. Take them I and play with them." 20 Then the Ducks went ashore. They made it so that | Coyote and his son should not sink, but they did not give them I their feathers. Coyote and his son were told: "Now | let us go together!" Then they went out together-Coyote, his son, and the Ducks. 1I Then they 25 played with the Ducks. While they were at play, all the Ducks I flew along to another lake. They flew there. I Coyote went ashore overland. When he came to the water, he swam, I buit the Ducks flew again to the other lake. I All at once Coyote laid down a rule. He 30 said to them: |I "It is bad for you to fly away. Don't do it any more. I Swim there through the middle of the water. I Arrange yourselves in a line right across, and all of you dive together." Then I the Ducks said to one another: "It is good, what the manitou says. j Let us do it!" Then the Ducks did so. [1 At night Coyote went ashore. 35 He stepped on shore. I Then Coyote made something to stretch across I the brook. Then the Ducks came diving along, and did not do anything. I The first one he tied, the next one that came diving along I he let go, and the last one that dived coming along he tied again. He said 11 to the Ducks: "When you start diving, close your 40 eyes. I Don't look!" Coyote was clever. I (He thought) they might see his trap. They I did so for several days. Then Coyote had much food. I The Ducks just knew that they ceased to be many. They said among themselves: I| "We are getting few in number." One Duck 45 said: I "The wind is blowing from the place where Coyote's tent is. I It gives a smell of burnt fat. Now go and look into his I tent." One Duck was called Great Diver.' I He dived and came to Coyote's tent. He went ashore, and saw |I many dried ducks. Then he 50 knew that it was I Coyote. He went back; and when he came back, he said: "It is Coyote. He is killing all of us." Then the Ducks cried. I The Ducks said among themselves: "He will do the same to us to-morrow. I Look out when you dive! You will see l whether there is anything in the stream." Then I on the following 55 day the Ducks started diving to another lake. 1 The first ones all looked, and it was not long before they saw I something right across 1 Mot-head (?). 164 164 ~BIJEEALT OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYtBL.5 [BULL. 59 sal'alqaqo'jna'kse- qa 'psins. laluqawa'ts!ne-. qake'ine' ske'n-- ku-ts: "a: hena'luwiykTtseike'lne-' ma.ots!oukteske'lne-." ta'zcas 60 laqa'qa"'qna'ane- kia'q!la. ta'xas at laho'lnoxcu 'xre. Qaanit.la'ane 2 k!o'q!unex n'anaxa/imne- neis qakalome 'sw-. n' aqlu'k!une- ts!ane'mse- k!a'likwa.c'tse-. ts!en-mek!u'n e-. Iaxa'xe- neis aa 'ku'q!ullouks. II' Up)(alle- pal snelaxna'kse- ske'nkir-ts. qona'akina'xane q!u'nrne-"nis. xa'tsinllq!u'mne'ine65 ýrale'itimo skc'n-kurts. tsukua'te- neis kia'q!law's k!o'q!une-. qonya'-,zane- aa'qat!c'se -s skc'ivku -ts. nakunke'w e-. wo'qapqa't. se aa/ ake yxale. c'se s. qakc'w-e. tsukua'te aa'kaq!ane. c'se s. nakunke'n-e. wo 'qapq!ane'isew. lats!ena'xew. naq!ama-le'itse zale'ws ske'n ku 'ts. tseikata'pse* sak.le 'itsne*. n'IUpýCana 'pse-. wo'qap70 q!ne'ine-> wo'qapqa'tine'. ta'xas n'uniatsinata'pse xaleo/e~s neis k!aqaqa'pka. naq!nukat'lnaxwata'psex. tsejka'te ýcale-"e s. n' u'IpCalle k!aaqa"'qa'pqaps neis yaaqa'"qa'ake-. a'a,,ke- qavqa'p-. se-. tseika'te neis kia'q!1a's. lalo',se ke'e-k. qahao~sa*"qa'ane-. qake'lne yxale "e s: "nei hu-tsqana'xe-." ts!ena'xe- ske'ivku ts. 7 5 fl'u'pTall43Vsanet.laname sine*. n u'p~ane% n' snit.la'ase k!oq!u ne'ls. nll'U'palle-pal n'esjnil'aynela'pse ki'e k. q!u"mne-tse' te-. latsukua'te- neis k-ia'q!1a-'s. qonya'IXane a,-a,,qat!e'se-s tsaqanake'ne-. a'a'ke- qakc'ne yxale-eYse s. tscn qaselakaqa'puwets.. qatnana'se-. qonya'Xane- aakaq!ne. e'se s neis qalyaptsake 'nex. 80 k!ouqa'pq!nenana'se lats!ena'xe-. naq!aimale'itsine xale'itimo k!o 'q!1na, n' u'p~cane- yaaqaqapqa'ake- lalo',se- ki'e-k. ta'xas slaqaqa'ane- ske'nvku ts kuwok!u'nka-k kuwo'qa~t. n'ula'se- k!o'q!"1ne-'s. sa'qa'qa'ane k!o-'q!une- kk!o-qu 'na 's aak!unka'k!e-s kk!oqu'na 's aa'qa't!e s. n'ula'se- ske'n ku-ts. 85 Ta'xas huselq!apqalq!anuxwa 'te- ske'n-ku ts yaqal' etke'nkekia'q!1a-'s niwi5pe'k!a-ks. 60. COYOTE KILLS PANTHER AND LIBERATES THE SALMON Ho 'yas, hutsq alq!anuxwa 'te- swa' k!u'pta ps skc 'n-ku ts x (a) COYOTE KILLS PANTHER Q a nct. la'ane- skc'n ku ts salete't 1ne Xa'altsins. tselmi 'yet.s qake'ine- xa'alItsin: "kanmiP'yit.s xma hcnts!na'melkc'lne- alatsa-ne'ski-i nei sanet.la'ane-. qa'k-le-k swa's. at qahuwa'sine5 me'ksa-'n at n'u'piyit!e'ine-." kanmP-'yit.s no-kunoqia"mne-- ske'w-ku-ts. qake'ine': "ts!kakc'ne- ka-ku'qla-'nt." ta'xas xa'altslf namate'ktse- n'etuqla-'nte'k.le-k ske'n-ku-ts. ta'ýcas ts!cna ye-. laxa'xe- sanet.la'e-s swac's. tinaxa "mne*. ha: yunaqa 'pse-aa'ku-'la ks. tclnamo. c'se s sla tents!elko 'se*. ala qalt ~se s Ia:lc'10 tkins a-'qu'qt!e s, swa's lat nilkaxane'kse-. qatseikata'pse-. 1 Barnaby: hcn-a'uwisktseyce1~1ne-. 9 Ban aby:- q'I -. - 4 -07-. KUTENAI TALES 165 the waiter. They dived and went back. Coyote said: 1 "Oh, you have a (good) mind! I was going to kill you all." II The Ducks did 60 not do it any more, but flew again. I There was the tent of Lynx. IHe went out. The wind was blowing this way, I and he smelled the burning fat. He started, following the smell, I and arrived at the lake. He saw that Coyote had much to eat. I Then he made him sleep; and both slept, Il-Coyote and 65 his son. Lynx took the Ducks. IHe took Coyote by his tail and pulled it. Then he had a long tail; I and he also took his son. He took his face and pulled it j so that he had a long face. Then he started back. Coyote's son woke up, I and he saw (his father) sleeping. He saw that he had a long face 11 and a long tail. Then the 70 son laughed at him I because he was that way. He woke him up. lie looked at his son, I and he saw that he was different from what he -had been;.I and he looked at the Ducks, and there was no food. They staid there. I He said to his son: "I'll go that way." Coyote started II and saw a tent. He knew it was the tent of Lynx. I He 75 knew that he had stolen the food. He made him sleep, I and he took back the Ducks. He took hold of his tail I and pushed it in, and he did the same to his son. Just a little piece of the tail remained sticking out. I He took his face and pushed it in, j1 and he had a short 80 face. Then he went back. Lynx and his son awoke. I They saw how they were, and that. there was no food. I Therefore Coyote has a long nose and a long tail. I Lynx did it. And therefore Lynx I has a short nose and a short tail. Coyote did it. [[ Now I have told you about Coyote, whet he did to I the ducks 85 long agb. I 60. COYOTE KILLS PANTHER AND LIBERATES THE SALMON Well, I'll tell you a story how Panther was killed by Coyote. | (a) COYOTE KILLS PANTHER Coyote had a tent. He was married to Dog. In the evening I Dog said: "To-morrow you shall go to your uncle. [ His tent is there. His name is Panther. He is not hungry, but (( he is very 5 stingy." On the following morning Coyote arose. I He said: "Give me my clothes." Dog gave I Coyote his clothing. Then he started, and arrived I where the tent of Panther was. He entered. Oh, there was much meat. I His wife was scraping fat off a skin. His children were cleaning guts. |I Panther was putting feathers on his 10 arrows. They did not look at him. He sat down, and I thought: 166 166 ~BUJREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 q a:nqa'me k. qalwi 'yne-: 'ienqawo 'kata'pne-." la-anaxa"mne. laqa'o"'alkekq!owasxoneyike'me k. latinaxa"mne-.pal selqatseikata pse-. qa-'nqa'me-k. nanuq!,,we'le-k. pal ko-'was. nejs k!u'p:ýa aa, ku 'la ks tsEma'k!iluwa,'sne-. laa naxza''mile-. sela15 ts!ena''e letqawumxo',me-k. k.lala'xa-m a,,'ket.la'e*S. Tselmi 'yet. s qake 'ine-: "kanmi 'yit hutsuqna'neyala 'ane-. naqa'ane kakuwe'sex hoquats!kabp 'one>:" qalwi 'yne- xa'altsin: "(ma, n'upiy~eite'ne- klaqa'qana." kaumi 'yet nuq11na'me k. k.laxalo"ne-s qake'lne- ske'n-ku-ts telnamu,"e-s: "4a: wa 'silqun20 yaxame'lin' aa,'ku'la-ks. 1en'e'kine-." ta'xas xa',altsin ts!ena'xeqous aa'ket.lana'me-s. tinaxa "mne-, qatseN ikate'lne-. qa-'nqa'me k-, qake 'ine.: "husiyaxame'lne kuwese 'n'e s ske'n ku-ts-." qatseikate'lne-. kwune 'ike ts la. a'naxa" mne-. nonoq!we 'le k, pal ko-'was neists k!u'p~ca a,,'ku'la-ks k!umnaqaqa'ane-. 25 Ialaxa'xe-. qake'ine-: 4'hoqua-mate ktseflne. Qake'jne,ske'n-ku ts: "pa-'mek kenlamate'ktse 1. es a~k!alaxawu'e-ts ma ksa'q!a-nqakilhol'itkine'lne-." laqao&>a 'ze-:Fa' altsin. tinaxa"mne- 'atke laqa'tse-kate'lnex wa-ha.wetske'kine-. I' up'2.(ai naas pal sq!a'nse-. pal nulu'ksale "sine-. 30 qake'ine-: "nasts ke'e-ns?" ta'xas tsukua/te-. luquawets-~ ke'kine- swa'. nu'pz,-ne- pe-e'k!aks pal tsxa'ltsil'o-kuakc 'nse-. naas qa-kqa'pse- no/ukueys. tsukuafte-. pal kuwaha'laot!.Ta'altsin qanaqkuplaltimu'lneo neis no fukueys. qa-'len tsuo <'e s qao-xaqkupilxo'ulneo. qake'ine- swa':. "a: ksa-nla'tiya-ka'te 35 hulen'e'steex alkaqa'ltimi-l at ko'sil'ancakc'tsimPl." laa-n muq kupnoxo'nilkikwake'me-k xa',altsin. K.lala'xa-'m kulpa 'le n ske'n ku ts telnamu "e s. nalenq!o'ylokuafame-k. n' anmttqkupnu>xoqa'me k. tsekqlopna >xnaktse 'ite. n'etke'ne- t!awu'e s; a/a'ake zxale-"'e-sn'etke'ne ti!awuna40 na.e'se-s; telnamu"e-s n'etke'ne popoe'se-s; a'ake swe'n' e s n'etke'ne- poponanae'se s. qake'Ine-: "ta'xas hults!enaxala'e s. hutsxzal' ute ma'lne- ka'ntetqa 'tl!ma 1; ne'nkcr hentsxal'ute ma-'lne- pa'lkeima-'lne 's; ne'nko- hentsxal'ute-ma'lnenetsta'halna'nama'lne 's; ne 'nko hentsxal' ute ma'lne- na. u'te45 na'nama'lne-'s." ta'xas ts!ena'xe-. qaoxa-'ze-. qake'lne- telnamu' 'e s: "hentsxalo 'k!ue Ia:tikiniktsa 'pane* laq!anýo "na I." ta ',yas ya'altsin o-k!uinkene'ktse- nulaqana'e s. tenaqo!axo 'ux neswa'S; a'a'ke- latinaq!axo'uxuiie. ta,'xas tdnunitiya'.yne- swa' s ske 'n ku ts. tsenke 'ne. qa wetski'ne*. ta'xas n' u 'pqcne* pal 50 scl'e'pse. peske'ne-. tseika'te-. qa-ha'le-n pal sel'wakiniIe'sine- telnamu" e s popo. e'se-s. tsqcalselqanIaltimule /sine*. mit1 -ya'xane- lawakine'lne- neis pa'lkeis. lawakine'lne- qanaqkupIa'lte-. q!akpa'kitxzo'une-. tseika'te-. qa-ha'le-n pal tsxzalselmi'txamule'sine t!awu.e'se's xale"e's. wakine'lne- neis lka'm-u..5.5 ime'txne a'atke-n'upc'lne. tse~ka'te swe'n'e-s. n'U'Dxane KUTENAI TALES 167 "Maybe they did not see me." He went out again. He went back coughing. I He went in again. They did not look at him, I and. he sat down. They did not give him anything to eat, and he was hungry when he saw the meat. I He was very hungry. He went out and went home without anything to eat. 1| He arrived at his tent. I 15 In the evening he said: "To-morrow we will move. I My food is there. I did not bring it." Dog thought: I "He was stingy, therefore he did so." On the following morning they moved their camp. I When they got there, Coyote said to his wife: " Oh, go quickly II and 20 get meat, that you may eat!" Dog left I for that tent. She entered, but they did not look at her. She sat down. j She said4: "I came for the food that you gave to Coyote." I They did not look at her. After a long time she went out. She did not get anything to eat. I She was hungry when she saw the meat. She was poor. She went back II and said: "They didn't give me anything." | 25 Coyote said: "Try again. It may be given to you. It is I hanging ready made by the doorway." Dog went there again. I She entered, and they did not look at her. She looked up. I She saw it hanging here. It was all tied up. 11 She said: "Is this it?" Then 30 she took it. I Panther looked around, and saw that she was taking it down. | A stone was lying there. He took it; and when Dog put her arm up, I he struck her with the stone. He struck her hard right on the breast. I Panther said: "Oh, you bad-looking one! || This is 35 not for you. I am hunting for my children." Then Dog ran out quickly, howling. I When she came back, Coyote heard his wife. He uttered his war cry I and ran out quickly. He split a young tree ] to make a bow, and made a small bow for his son. 1I He made a hammer for his wife, 40 and for his daughter I a small hammer. He said to them: "Let us go now! I I'll go against my fellow man;-you go against I your fellow woman.-You shall go against J your boy companion,-and you shall go against your girl II companion." Then they started. They reached 45 there, and he said I to his wife: "Open the door for me." Then Dog opened the door for her husband, and he shot into the tent of I Panther. He shot in again. Then Coyote attacked Panther. | He took him and held him. When he knew that |I he was dead, he put him down. 50 He looked, and just then (the female Panther) was taking I the hammer from his wife. She was about to strike her with it. I Then he attacked her and took it from that woman. He took it from her and I struck her down. He looked, and just then his son was about to shoot I with his bow. (The Panther boy) took it from him. |I (Coy- 55 ote) shot him and killed him. He looked at his daughter, and saw I 168 168 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 qaal,,e n pat tsx.a'1selqanlaltimule'sine po 'ponana. e'se s. mittya'2~afle q!akpakItxo',,ne- neis na.utena'nas. ta'xas nao'kte-. Qake'lne-: "ta'xas kenla'qlake'wki-l. maatS umetske'w-kii." ta'ýcas n'ttke'ne-. q!apelPuqla',te-. ta'xas qanaxa mne- ts!ena60 wes'nokue'jte. qous qaank!alu'k!o poka'mse-. ta'xas tinalune 'sine' neiss aa~ket.la.e'se-s swa's skc'n-ku-ts. ta'xas n'etkax,,nele-k. teliiamu"e-s sla:tents!elk!o'"use;- alaqa'lt!e'S sla:tel'etkens ~aaqu /qt!e s. (b) COYOTE PRETENDS TO BE PANTHER Ta'xas tsdlmi'yet.s fl'Upý.CallfY za'aItsill at yaqana'pske65 swa's. ta'xas tsxana'ate- ske'niku-ts. ta'xas qaqana 'afle neis at yaqaqana'pske- swa's. nowo'ukune q!a'pe-. ta'xas naqanI~ze'ne-. naqanke'lne- iya'm-o's. qake'ine-: "o: kumEno 'ktsa'yki 1." n' o-'k!unilhulpalnite'tjne* neis aa~kuwok.le'e-ts nak. le. c'tse *-xunanoqokupke 'n e-. tka >xams iya'm o; neis 70 u s'me ks mc 'txane*. ta 'xas, tsza'ki-ltkaxa' mse-. dna'ha ks a'I 'ke- lame't~ne-. ta'xas sel-alo'use-. q~umne,'jne.- kanmi 'yit n' anaxa-"mne-. ske kesqa 'psew li'lya ps. nometse 'iteta'zas, n'itkax ne'le-k ske'n-ku-ts. xa'altsin lots!elk!o 'ne; aLaqa'lt!e s, n'ctkc'nse: a,,qu'qt!e -s. tselmi 'yct.s a',a'ke 75 laqaqaina'anex qake-'ine- ske'nwku-ts: "a:, ksakqa-nq!aleI-- nce'ke-t." ta'xas laha-'qanke'lie- iya 'm'o "5. ta'xas ktka'xa'ms MAXtanex. ta'xas tsxakilme'ty,,,ne-; q!a'pe-'s mt'tIane, me'tTaneoy me't~rane-. nels yisa'ske- a'a,'k!e-s qa-'len lalo'use-, a/a'ake- k.la'lous neis, iya'm-o 's. q!u'mne'ine-. kanmP 'ytt.s 80 n'anaxza"mneo. n'askikqa'pse-, neis ma ksukuaka/te-'s lo'use'. Tselmi 'yet nulpalnitc 'le' aa'k. luk. le 'it.s neis aa'kuw6k. le 'ets. nelke'kse- neis ma kme't:Sa selukaxa-'nmete't-se,. ta'xas ktselmP 'yet.s qak.la'mneo iya'm o: "lenqa. e'we* swa1'. sl' aqakinawa 'sine'. ts!ena'kid'l. hentstseikatke'lne' qa'la ke'e-n." ts!cia 'x~e' 85 kanu'q!laqlena'na. k.la'xa'm neis qa 'na'xe- yaqanawi'tsome'ske'. ii'acqlu'k!,,ne- n'uktok.le.e't.se-. qao-x' xe'. nI'U'P,(aflfY sanmoxuna'kse' swa's alaqalte'timo's. qao'a'xe' aa 'ket.la.e'se s.* tenawetske-'kine-. n'u'pxane' pal n'e'nse' skt'n'ku'ts. ta'xas, lat's!ena'xe- laqawu'li 'lqana'xe- t!anukqlo fukune.. qake 'ine' ske 'n90 kuots: "Ih6y, qa'psins kMu'pski iya'm'u." amnuwunikt't.sea:n'ilqa-'haks a'a'keo lat!a'nukqlo'ukune'. a'a'ke' laqake'ineskc'n-ku 'ts: "holy, k!o 'kuna 'k iya'm u."7 ta'xas lalaxa'xe' ka'nuq!laqlena'na. a'atk-e' n'ek!namu "'e's qake'lne': "pal laqa.e'n'e' swa', pal n'e'n'e' ske'n-ku'ts. huwu'kqune' swa' ala'95 qaltet'tmu' sa'nmoxo'ume 'k. pal n'o',,kte'lne'." Qake'ine' q!a'pe' iya'm'u: " hulsa'nilweynata'la sk'n'ku'ts." q!a'pe' qake'ine': C"ho'ya." ta,'xas laowoo'kune' ske'n'ku'ts Boas] KUTENAI TALES 169 that she was about to be struck with her little hammer. I (Coyote) attacked that girl and knocked her down. He had killed them all. He said to them: "Now pull their skins off. Don't tear them." I They did so. They skinned them entirely. Then they put them outside. II They dragged them to an old fallen stump, and I Coyote 60 moved into Panther's tent. Then he put feathers on his arrows. I His wife scraped the fat off the skin, and his children, cleaned I the guts. / (b) COYOTE PRETENDS TO BE PANTHER Then it was evening. Dog knew what Panther used to' do, II and 65 she told Coyote about it. Then they did I what Panther used'to do. He arose, and called all of them. I He called the Game. He said: " Oh, I come down quickly!" At once they heard noise coming down from the mountains. I They put pitchwood on the fire, and the Game came in. [I The first one he shot. They began to come in, and the 70 last one I he also shot. Then there was no more. They slept. I The following morning they went out, and there were two sheep lying there. He skinned them. I Then Coyote put feathers on his arrow. Dog cleaned I the fat off the skin, and the children cleaned the guts. When it was dark, Coyote II did the same. He said* "Oh, it's no use 75 to try to do what you ought to do!" I Again he called the Game. Then, I when it came in, he shot. He kept on shooting all. I He shot, he shot, he shot, until his arrows were spent I and there was no more game. Then he slept. On the following morning 1I he went out. 80 There were only two of them. The big number (which he had shot) were not there. I In the evening he heard a sound on the mountains. I Those whom he had shot were making a noise. It was the noise of their suffering. I Then in the evening the Game Animals said to one another: "That is not Panther. Why does he do that to us? I Go and look and see who it is." Little Flathorn started. 1I When he arrived, he 85 went where the wind was blowing. I He smelled a stench. He went there, and saw I Panther and his children piled up. He came to his tent, I looked in, and saw that Coyote was there. Then I he started back. He was not far away when he began to snort. Coyote said: 1I "Oh, what does the Game say?" After a little while, I when he was 90 farther away, he snorted again; and Coyote said again: I "Oh, the Game found something!" Then Little Flathorn got back I and told his relatives: I "That is not Panther; it is Coyote. I found Panther l 95 and his children piled up there, all killed." | Then all the Game Animals said: "Let us make war on Coyote!"' All said: "Well." Then Coyote and his children arose. I He called 170 170 ~BUJREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.5 []BULL. 59 ala-qalte'timu. ta'xas laha-qanke'lne- iya 'm-u-'s. ta'xas nulpalnete'tine- aakik.le 'et.s neis,11'a',,at-'s, aa kuwok.le 'et-. S 100 qalwi'yne- skc'w-ku-ts: "ktsTalselts!kai'o'kuas iya'm-u S." ri'ok!unilwat!no'k!une- q!a 'pe' iya'm-u q!a'pilwat!no'k!uinýca'lne- ske'n-ku-ts. ta'xas 11'u'P2.Caflf ske'nwku-ts pal selsa-nilwiynata'pse- iya'm-u's. ta'xas n'o'k!undI'ettlEmu'ma-Iqana'me-k neis at yaqaqana'ake- wanaqana'me-k. nutsqanq!lala'a105 kinxa'mewk. n'apa'k!e-nlok!onemu'ne- ma'aka-'s aa~kenuq!ma 'fla'aS. ta':a's na'lat.henq!oylo-ka'me-k. ta'xas naqa'nkikqa'me k. ta'xa. q!a'pe 1'omi'tsit. laxumu'"nc-ne flOkukys. ta'-as q!akpakitýo'jne q!uta'ptse-k!.a'xas qalsaqa'pte-k mesqolo'uwum ala-kine'k!timo. qa'kqanq!la'la'nk!a'te-k. ta~ras a'a~ke110 q!akpakit:o'ulne mesqolo'uwum. ta'xas n'asqa'ptw-k tclnamou'timo ske'n-ku ts. qa'akesqank!a'te-k. ta'xas aa'ake q!akpakit-:o'ulne ýa',jtsin. n'uk!qape'jne- ske'w-kwts. qakqa-nkeikq a'me-k. ta'xa-s lalo'une- no'ukuey neis n'a'ata-'s a'akuk-le.'eot.s. ta'xas, laqawa't!e-no'uk!une- iya'msu. ta'xas at latsukokue'w-e.,.115 at wune-ke-'t.se- lawufkuqa no'ukueys. ta'xas lalo'une-. qa-- wesqa 'ane0 skt'n ku ts. ta'xas selqata'uuk!ne'lne-. Qous laqana'xe- kanuq!laqle na'na. qa kqa'pse- a,,kenuqlaa-c nuks tsaqona'se-ts!nal'unalaltimu'wwe skc'n ku ts. qake 'ine-: "1ho'ya, hakelwetskce'tki I ske'n ku ts." qa-wesqa'-ane- ske'n120 ku ts.- nulpa'lne -ualuk.lee'tse-. qake'ine-: "hli y. " pal kpaqtsena'na 1101 nolukuey nala'tilouk.lite'le-k n'ilk'kse- neis qalmaq!ala"mne- ske'n ku ts. sqa'nq!a 1k!apaltiya'x ne, neis kaluk.litc'ke-s. maqku'pla-'mxomo'lnex q!akpakitxo'ulne- ske'nwku-ts. sa-ka'ýmo:1u'n-e. aa,'kjnenmojco"e s qake'inew: "kuI'inqa'pte k 125 aa'kenu'q!ula-k~a'ako-."~ qaka~amoXU'ne- aatkenu'q!ula-k!a'ako'. senmetu 'kse qa 'oxa1xunaku '11 e nei aa 'kenu'q!ulak!a'ako'. (C) COYOTE STEALS THE SALMON Ts!tnaqu 'fex qa-naqu 'nex sa-k.luname'sinex senketsqa'psex. qao"'xaltsinoqo'ume k. at yaqaV'o alqsa k!oke's~ke. qawcsaqa'a/e na.uteke'ste-k. ts!enyaxha-k!o,'unex fl'u'pxhflO neis lo,,k!us so' - 130 kse*. qake'1ne-: "ho 'ya 's, hultsu'ukua t. ktsxa'l'e n' kaa,'tsu." ts!nalke'n ex. ta'xas n'o qo 'xake'n.e- kia'kxo 's neis atsu "wes.~1 qao ka'Xaane. tsehnP 'ytt q!ayake'n e-, ktsilm-i'yet ta'xas n' t'kineske'w-ku-ts neiss ka'kxo-s. n'aqsanaxa"mne* neis na.u'te-s. kanmi -'Yet. s fl'UPýCane neis atsu"we s n'aqsa-kelkc'xve' naao "k!uex. 135 qak.la'pse- ala'e-s: " qe-'na-, neen'o-kuaf'aie- ka-kuweseua'la."y ta'xas la.u'pkaqkine'lne- ya'qa. lae-ke'lne-. tselniiP'yet.s a'a'kelaq!a-yake'n-e-kuwese'n'e's. kq!u"mne' ske'w-kirts a'a,'kelae'kine- neis kia'kzo-'s kt!oqoha'kqa-ps. k!o-'kxa n'aqsa "1Felix Andrew: atulne,8. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 171 again for Game. Then I noise was heard high up on the mountains. 1I Coyote thought the Game would begin to come down, I but all at once 100 all the Game Animals threw down stones. They all threw stones at I Coyote. Then Coyote knew that I the Game Animals were making war on him. At once he got ready. I He did as he always does when going to war. He put stripes on himself |I and pinned tail feathers 105 of the red flicker on himself. I Then he gave a war cry and jumped sideways. I His whole tent was torn up by the stones. I His son Q!uta'ptsek! was knocked down. Then three, Misqolo'wum | and her parents, were left over. They were jumping back and forth. Then 1| Misqolo'wum was knocked down. Now two were left, Coyote and 110 his wife. I They two jumped back and forth. Then Dog also was knocked down, I and Coyote alone was left over. He was jumping back and forth. I Then there were no more stones up on the mountain, I and the Game Animals did not roll down any more. They picked up some more, If and after some time they found stones. Then 115 there were no more. Coyote was standing there. I They could not kill him. I Little Flathorn went that way. There a small sharp flat stone was lying. I He hit Coyote with it. He said: I "Well, look out, Coyote!" Coyote was standing there. II He heard a noise. He said: 120 "Hey!" It was a I thin stone which made the noise. Then he put his I head sideways quickly. He was listening for the noise. I He was hit hard on the, head and was knocked down. I He began to fall, and as he was falling he said: "I'll turn into II a piece of wood." Then 125 a piece of wood fell from his body, and he fell I into the river in the form of a plank. (C) COYOTE STEALS THE SALMON He drifted down. He drifted along. He came to a town. There was a fish trap. I He stopped where they went to dip water. There were I two girls, who went to get water. They saw a good piece of wood, II and one said: "Well, let me take it to use it for my dish!" | 130 She carried it and put fish into her dish. She did not eat all. I In the evening she put it up. At night I Coyote ate the fish. He went under the girl's blanket. I On the following morning the one looked for the dish, and it was with her. II Her friend said to her: "Oh, 135 you must have eaten all that was left over!" I They took the fish trap ashore and ate again. At night they again I put up the food that was left. When they were asleep, Coyote I ate again the fish that was in the dish; and when he had eaten all, I he went under the 0-A 00 0 0 0 ~X $..:-p o -C 0 cjr ~ ~C z d f % Booc z ~ m ~ c~;0 M *dt rifD ~ C r:c~3 BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 173 blanket of the other girl. Early the other II girl arose. The plank 140 was with her. I Then the girls said to each other: "Oh, you must have eaten all the food that was left!" I They said: "We did not eat it. How does it happen?" I Coyote thought: "Oh, say: 'May you not be Coyote.' I Throw (the dish) into the water!" Then the girls said: "Oh, may you not be II Coyote?" and they threw it into the water. 145 Coyote swam on and I drifted along. I (d) COYOTE LIBERATES SALMON He saw two girls picking berries. Coyote went ashore I and transformed himself into a baby. He went there. I A small child fell from his body, and a girl saw him. II The girl said: " There is a child. 1 150 It is nice. Let us run for it, and the one who gets there first shall have it for her child!" I Then the friends ran for it. One was named Night Hawk, I the other was named Snipe.' Night Hawk reached there first I and took the child. She said: "We will both own it." II Then she carried the child back. She was glad I to have 155 the child. She was going to raise the boy; I and when he was big, he was to hunt. Then they got home and I staid there. In the morning I she did not pick berries, and also the following day I she did not pick berries. She was prevented by her child. II It was heavy. She 160 could not carry him on her back, and I he could not stay alone. Therefore she could not pick berries. I Coyote saw what the one was doing. She put her hands behind the tent and knocked down salmon. Then she ate with him. I In the evening the other one put her hand back behind the tent. She knocked at it, II and she took out 165 a fawn. He ate with her. I That was a nice way. Fbr many days the two girls I did not go to pick berries on account of that child. I When it was dark, he staid with the one; I and when it was dark again, he staid with the other one. (The girls) said to each other: II "There are not many berries left for us to eat. Let us I see whether 170 the boy can put out a fire if our home should be on, fire." I The one then started a fire, and said I to the child: "Now put out the fire." The child I took a stick and put out the fire. Then the two girls said:ll "He is clever. He may stay here. I Let us go and pick berries." 175 Then they started to pick berries. Coyote looked I there at the back of the tent, and he saw a lake [ there which was filled with salmon. He went to the other side and looked I behind the tent, and he saw that it was full of fawns. Then II he thought: "Let me steal them." | 180 He dug a ditch along toward the river. In the evening I his mother 1 The species is uncertain. It was described as a bird smaller than a snipe, whose call is " Hust!" 174 174 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYEuL.9 [BULL. 59 ma 'e s. sukuilq!u'kse- kqaha`q!at-la'ako-. naqsanmiP'yet.s at qaqana'ane-. ta'xias skt'n ku-ts qaya'qak!amok!o'une- tstlmi 'yct. s. qalwi'yne- ske 'il ku ts. "ta 'xas kanmP 'yct. s kutsxza'1' ay." 185 tsdlmiyet.s. kkanmi'yct.s lats!e-nalq!at!e'ine-. ta'xzas laqa'pitsqalwi'yne- pal ta'xas kqasts!u'mqa'qaps xale'e-'s. skt'i-- ku-ts noye't!te suwa'q!amo 'sts aakeiq!u'tsa-ks. ta'ý-a-s tuno-ýa'xe- neis k!a'lma-nmc'tuks suwa'q!amo. n'o-'k!uilq!a'kpakitxo-'une- aa'ktuq!u'tsa-ks. ta'xas naq!akuptse'ite' nets 190 aa'ket.lana'me's. nets aa'kenq!u'tsa-ks ýcuume'te-. ta'xas ts!ena'xe-. qaakilhalq!at!e'ine. ala'timo-. nao-'k!ue- laqana--- witske'kinex fl'Up~cale- aa'kenq!u'kups aa,'ket.la'e s. qake'1ne-: "ca. ma koup--ýa'mi-i to'xua kts:ýalqala'lke-n's lka'm-u's. tseika'te n' yo quale.-Ake- kaket.lana'la naq!ako'ullQA" ta'xas 195 lats!ena'xe*. lala~a'xe-. l'U'px~,ne- lalo'11se- aatket.la'e-s q!apku'pse-. qous qayaqa'wo 's swesku'pse xale' 'e 's mak!c'se-s. pal noku'psex. qa. u'pqcane- neis ke'e 'ns aa'kenq!u'tsa ks mak!c'sers. ta'Tas n'ela'nwe-. nao-'k!ue qaoxa'xe neis ke'e-k. tseika'te-Ia:lo'use aa'kenq!u'tsa-ks. nao 'k!u~e qao '4a seo. 200 tseika'te a'a'ke- laalo'"uS-se swa'q!amo-'s- k!aaqale'e-t.s pal selqakxanmi"tu'kse qao>xanmitu 'kse- ries k!almanmc'tuks. tseika'tex nyu' p~ane- qous sluyet!e't~se- ske'n-it-ts neis kee-k pal sl' ay'nla'pse-. qakila'mne-: "pal ii'c'n e- skc'n ku-ts nei lka'm-u qous n'''we pal sel'aynelawa'sine-." ta'xas miti205 ya'X~an-ex niao.'k!ue- qanianlukpqa'ane' naqaps lka'm-u's. nao 'k!ue- qananlukpqa 'ane-, a'a'ke- naqa'pse lIka'm u's. qa. U'p2.,allO neis at ma kMaskik.Le'itsmal pal selhaqa'lttaa'pse-. qake'lneske'w-ku ts-. qake'ine-: "hoy, pa-'me-k lae-sawa'sauo. naqa'anelka'm u." skc'n-kuiits n' anuxo 'nlatimo 'me k. tsamna'se- lalu210 qalqa'"atSe.- neis yesar'ske-. qakc'lne-: "hay6:, ho"." ta'xas q!a'pe-'s noyc't!e-t. ta'xas n'ila'n-e nej ala'timo. k!ayne'laps ske 'n ku ts ke 'ek. (e) COYOTE MEETS THE FISHERMAN WOLVERENE Ta'Tas qa-naxe- ske 'n kurts. n'u P~ane sa inketsqa pse. qakc'lne* suwa'q!amo-'s "ma'qa-k, hutsxal'U'P~ane. na aqlsma'215 kinek!l." ta'xas suwa'q!amo qahaqa',ne-. qao-xa'xe- ske'n-kuts qakilhaqawi'lse-. laxazxe, n'upz~ana pse, nejs na-u'tene'nta'ke-s. lax.a 'xe. n'uP~ana I s- nok!ue '.-Pne- n~st,, halna'na qak.la'psealtsu-"e-s: "lu'n-ur's la tsc'na-'n titu 'e.,salqake'lne- ke"wa s n~pe'k!a-s." lats!ena'xe-. k.la~a'xca` qakc'lne- titu"e-s: 220 "wa'xe nipe'k!a. q ake'ine- alka'tsu oiifi1Latska'miil." qake'jnea'ts!pu: " ka's k!aqa'~a?" qake'.1nei, nei nctstahalna'naa: " sl-ama'lne- aa'q!u'na-qs, n'apa'k!inluk!unemu'ne- ma 'aka-'s aa'kinuq!,ma 'ana,'s. nutsqanq!lalake'nme-k." qake'ine- a'ts!pu: In 'in e BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 175 arrived. She was glad, for the tent was not burned. It happened thus several days. I Then Coyote had completed the ditch. At night I Coyote thought: "To-morrow I shall steal them." |[ It was night. 185 On the following day they went again to pick berries. I They were not afraid now, because their child was clever. I Then Coyote began to drive the salmon and the fawns. I The salmon reached the large river. At once he knocked down I the fawn. Then he burned II the 190 tent. He threw the fawn into the fire. Then I he started. The friends had gone to pick berries. One of them I looked back and saw their tent on fire. She said: I "Oh, I almost knew what would happen to the child! I Look how our tent looks! It is burning." Then II they 195 went back. When they arrived there, they saw that their tent was gone. I It was all burned, and there in the middle the child's bones I were burning. He was burned. They did not know that they were the fawn's I bones. They cried. The one went to get food. I She looked, and there were no more fawns. The other one went there, II and she also saw that there were no more salmon, I and she saw the 200 water running down in a stream to the wide river. I She looked, and she saw that Coyote was driving their food I which he had stolen fromn them. Then they said to each other: "Oh,'that child was Coyote, I he who robbed us!" Then II they pursued him. The one ran along, 205 and gave birth to a child. I The other one was running along, and also gave birth to a child. They did not know I that he had slept with two. They said to Coyote, I they said: "Coyote, oh, leave us something to eat for this child! There are I children." Coyote shook his blanket, and a few turned back. || He said to the others, "Hayo ho!" 210 Then I he drove all of them. Then the friends cried because I Coyote had stolen their food. I (e) COYOTE MEETS THE FISHERMAN WOLVERENE Then Coyote went along. He saw people fishing. I He said to the * Salmon: "Wait until I see the people!" II Then the Salmon stopped. 215 Coyote went there, I and arrived where they were dancing. Some girls saw him; I and when he arrived, a boy was told by I his elder sisters: "Go to your father and tell him that I a manitou has arrived." The boy went back. When he came there, he said to his father: II "A manitou has arrived. My elder sister told me to come." 220 Wolverene said: I "How does he look?" The boy said: I "He has a white blanket, and tail feathers of the flicker are pinned to it. I He is striped." Wolverene said: "That is I Coyote. He is not straight. 176 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 225 netsta'halna'na. lala'xa-'m. qake'lne- altsu"e s: "qake'kse' katitu'mil ke'e-ns ske'w-kwts. maats k.Itse'ika-t at kqaape'se 's." ta'xas lahaquwe'lne. lats!ena'xe- skc'n-ku ts. qake'lue suwa'q!amo 's: "ta'xa-s ts!ena'ki-t. tsak.luwa' Sane' a'ts!pu." niei ta'xa hak.luna'mke- qa'k-le k nasofukue ni ats!pu. (f) COYOTE MEETS THE FISHERMAN SPARROW. 230 Qa-na'xe- ske'ivktvts. laxa'xe- sa-k.luname'sine-. nei ta'xa hak.luna'mkew qa'k.le'k nasofukue-n1 mets!qa'qa-s. qake'lnesuWa'q!amo-'s: "'ma'qa-k hutsqoname'lne- na aqlsma'kinek!" qao'xa'xe- ske'n ku ts. n' u 'p--ane- sakilaquwe'lse- na. utene'n.ta'ke-s. k!u'p~rana-ps no-k!ue-"se- netstahalna'inas. qakile'sine235 "1lats!e'na-'m tetu-"e-s tsxalqake'lne- ke"wa-s bpe'k!a-s." lats!ena'xe nei netsta'halna'na. k.lala'xa 'm tetu "e-s qake'lne-: "wa'xe- aqlsma'kinek!." qak.la'pse- tetu"e-s: "ka-'s k!a-qa'qa?" qake'lneo: "slama'lle a'q!o 'una-qs setsa'ane, ma-'aka-'s. nutsqa'nq!la'lake'nmeok." qakee'ine- mets!qa'qa-'s: 240 "lu'n-u's lats!ename'lne- altsu"-ne-s. tsIxaltsukuafte-. n'e' nseske'n-ku-ts. ka-'as n'alkelke'n-e k~ck.e-'s-." ta'xas lats!ena'xeo. lala'xa-'m qake'lne- altsu'we-'s: "Pat n'e'nse- ske'ivku-ts; qake'kse- su"e-s k.ltsw-'kuat. ka-'a5s atkke'lke-ns Mek~elde's." ta'xas tsukua'te a,,key'e'se s ske'rrku ts- nei na~u'tene"nte-k. 245 yawetslat!k'n-e-. ta'xas naquwilma'lne-. nejosts ka'quwil qalq!ane'lneo: "Pal n'e'-e- ske'n-ku its; hulsale'te tna'la." ta',yas kula'quweo1. ta'Xas lats!ena'xe-. laqao-x alxuna'xeo ske'n ku ts. qak'lne sua'q!mo 'S: ~hoqua'tsake'lnalate'lne-." (g) COYOTE LEADS THE SALMON INTO THE FISH TRAP Ta'xas q ao-saq a',ne-. tselmio'yet.s na'wasxo'ume k ske'w-ku ts. 250 qake'ine*: 'Kxma lqsa-nma-kine'ke-t; y-ma lqsa-nma-kineke~t; kqa'kiyam ksano 'ktsiyenke'tsqa xma ktsqa'qxab-atkinu'k~uam." ta'xas kqu"mne- ske'w-ktuts. we'lna-ms qake'lne suwa 'q!,mo -s: "' hentsxzal' o k ~ujlo 'qoxake'lne- ne1 aatke'tsqa. " we'lna -ms qake'lne- telnamu"eos: " 4qake'le-n' su"ne s kdlqo'una-m aa'kets255 qa'e-s." qake'lne- nei pa'lkei su"e-s. qakiya'mne-: "kenlxu 'na 'm aa'kctsqa" ne-s." ts!ena'xe mets!qa'qa-s. xuna'xex n'u/ pzne U' o*kMue~se suWa'q!aM0-'5 sawesqa'psc-. ta'xas la.uipa'xe-. tsxa'n e-. qake'ine-: "upkaqk! o',,ke- i suwa'q!amo. n)'o'k!uwesqa'ane -a,,'ke'tsqa ps." ta'xas n' aako ' lne-. ta 'xas n'et!qa'o ~4al' cke'lne-. tsel260 mP*'yet.s a'alke' laha-'wasxo'ume~k ske'w-ku-ts. qake'lne suwa,'q!aMO S. "tselminPyet hentsx~al' a-selo qoxake'lne- aa' ke'tsqa." we'lna m's qakc'lneo telnamu~e~s: ý'qake'le-n' su"ne-s k.bxu'na ' m ~aý,ketsqa"e s." qao xa 'xe mets!qa'qa-s. n'upýane ll~'aswesqa'psesuwa 'q!amo 's. la.upt'xe-. tsxa'n-e. qake'ine:. "aa'ko'uke I BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 177 Don't look at him." The boy went back. When he came back, he 225 said to his sisters: "Father said, 'That is Coyote. Don't look at him. I He is not straight.'" They continued to dance, and Coyote started on. I He said to the Salmon: "Go ahead! Wolverene does not want us." I The chief of that town was named Wolverene.| (/) COYOTE MEETS THE FISHERMAN SPARROW Coyote went along. He came to a town. The chief of that town 230 was named Sparrow. He said to I the Salmon: "Wait! I'll go to the people." I Coyote went there, and he saw the, girls, dancing. I When they saw him, they said to a boy: || "Go to father and tell him 235 that a maniiou has arrived." I The boy started; and when he arrived at his father's, I he said to him: "A person has arrived." His father said to him: "How I does he look?." He said to him: "His blanket is white, and he has tail feathers I of the flicker pinned to it. He is striped." Then Sparrow said: I[ "Go back to your sisters and 240 tell them to take him. It is ] Coyote. Sometimes he carries food.". Then the boy went back. I When he arrived, he said to his sisters: "That is Coyote. Your father says you should take him. Sometimes he carries food." I Then the girls took Coyote's hand. 1I They 245 took him by the arms and danced with him; and while they danced, I they sang, "This is Coyote; we will marry him." After they had danced, they went there. Coyote went back to the river, I and said to the Salmon: "They want us here." I (g) COYOTE LEADS THE SALMON INTO THE FISH TRAP Then they staid there. In the evening Coyote sang. I1 He said: 250 "It would look strange (?). I Although they have a trap, they are starving. They ought to be saved (?)." I Then Coyote slept. Early he said to the Salmon: | "One of you shall go into the trap." Early I he said to his wife, 'Tell your father to go to his trap.'" I 1 The woman said so to her father. She said: "Go to the water, I to 255 your trap." Sparrow started and went down, and he saw one I salmon in it. Then he went ashore, and spoke, I and said: "Take the salmon ashore. There is one in the trap." I Then it was speared. They assembled and ate it. 11 In the evening Coyote sang again, he 260 said to the Salmon: "In the evening two of you shall go into the trap." I In the morning he said to his wife, 'Tell your father to go down to his trap.' " Sparrow went there, and he saw the salmon in the trap. I He went ashore, spoke, and said: "Go and spear II the 265 salmon in the trap." Then they went to the water. The two were 85543~-Bull. 59-18-12 178 178 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 n'upkakesilkine'lne. aa'~ke Ila.et!qao~xal' ike'hie-. tselmi' 'yet a'a'ke' laha 'was~yo '1me-k ske'nwku ts. qake'Ine- suwa'q!amo 's: "tselmi-t yets hentsxalqalsalo qoliake'Ine a,'ke'tsqa." t a'xas q!umne'i1neske'w-ku-ts. w'na-mg qake'Ine- telnamu"e-s: "qake'le-n' su"le-s 270 k.bxu'la-'m a,,'ketsqa'es." qao 4xa 'xe mets!qa'qa-s. fl'Up~aflO qalsa'se Suwa'q!amo.'s. la.upa'xe-. tsxa'n-e. qake'ine-: "4aako'ukeil suwa'q!,mo qalsa'w-e aat'ke'tsqa-ps." ýcunaca"'mne-, fl'aako'lue-. a',,'ke l1ait!qa'o-xal'ike'lne-. ta'xas tO'xua nowumna 'mnee o'k!uquna kqa'lsa suwa'q!amoX. tselmv-'yet xu275 na'xe- ske'n-kirts. qake'lne- suwa'q!amo'S: "ta'xas hentsxal'4!qapke'lne- aa'ke'tsqa." we'lna-ms qake'lne- telnamu"e-s: "Iqake'le-n' su"ne s k.luwa'silxu'na-m' aatketsqa'e-s." we'lna ins xunatxe- mets!qa'qa-s. n'u'p~zane- n'et!qa'pse- suwa'q!amo-'s neis yesle. e'tske-. la.upa'xe-, tsxa'n-e. qake'ine-: "netsta'halne "nte k, 280 tsukua'te-n' ken' aako"mo- suwa'q!amo.- kenlupkanu'qk!osuwa'q!amox- to'x"a tsxal' ometslu>xo nate'tjne- aa'ke'tsqa ps. sukuakate' ine'." t a'xas:ýcunaxa'mne. n'up~ca'lne- tu-'xua tsxaI' omttsluxzo nate'tjne sUwa'q!amo'. t a'xas n' aako'ulne q!a'pe- te'tqa-t!. pa'Ikeine"nte-k n'upkawe'sib~co'une-. ta':Tas 285 n'itk!a-nele'lne-. ta'xas sukuakate 'ine k etimase 'itil. qao-saqa 'alle ske'nku-ts. pee 'k!aks naqa'nqoXuqua 1'a'sqailt. Qake'ine-: "ta'xas hutslaqouqana'xe-." ta'xas sel amatka'a"ne. ta'xas ktslama'tka ske'nwkuts ha'nllyaqke'nme-k.1 qake'lneSuWa'q!amo 'S: "maatS at Inaa hintsqanake-'lne-. naa, k.luquanr290 me'tuk atensqanake'lne." Ta'xas huselq!apqalq!a'nuxwa'te-. 61. ORIGIN OF THE SEASONS Ho'yas, hutsxalhaqalpalne 'jne- nei pe'k!a t yaqalee'tke- na a'nva-k. qa-hakilaqawu'rne- nei pe'k!a-k at wuku'tine- wanr-- yetna'mots aqsu 'k!witna'm-o. Qa hak.luna'mne-. n' e'n e- wanu yitna'm-o. n' ok!ue/ine- te't5 qa-t! q'akle-k ske'n-ku-ts. tena:Za"mne- telna'mu's namatiktsa'pse- ke-'e-ks. ta'xa nei telnaa'm-u qa'k-le-k ta'k!a-ts. qake'ineta'k!a'ts: "ta'xa's sii'-alo'une- ko'e-k. pal.k!u'pskiitwune'ke t ktsxal-uma'yit. kaa kuts!aqa'qana la'lou ko'ek." qake'ineske'w-ku-ts: "ho'yas, e"'lan'. ta'xas tkaxa"mna-m hewqake'le I: 10 t'qa'psin kensil'e'1'la 3' atentsqatsxa'-e-. lalo'unain hen'o-'kulqake'leil ta'xas elna'hak hutsxalqakile'sine-: 'ken'u'pske k a'qai-- wune'ke-t kts-apluma'yi-t ksitla'lo- ke'n'e-k. hents~alqake'1ne-: 'h6'I."' ta'xas ske'n-kvvts laana,.a"mrne-. Ta'xas ta'k!a-ts qalwi'ynew pal silso'ukse- nas yaqake'1ke-. 15 ta'xas n'i'la'n-e. welke'ine- k!e'ila. ne1 a,5'kek.lu"nam qakiI'This is the portage between Columbia Lakes and the Kutensi River, BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 179 speared I and were taken up. Then they assembled and ate them. In the evening I Coyote sang again. He said to the Salmon: I "In the evening three of you shall go into the trap." Then Coyote slept. I In the morning he said to his wife: "Tell your father || to go 270 down to his trap." Sparrow went there, and saw | three salmon. He went ashore, spoke, and said: " Spear the three salmon in the trap." They went down I and speared them. Then they assembled and ate them. Then they had almost I enough to eat, because there were three salmon. In the evening I Coyote went down and said to 275 the Salmon: " Now I fill up the fish trap. In the morning he said to his wife, I 'Tell your father to go down early to his trap.' " In the morning I Sparrow went down. He saw that the fish trap was full at I that place. Then he went ashore, spoke, and said: "Boys, 11 take your 280 spears and spear and throw I ashore the salmon. They are almost breaking the trap. I There are plenty of them." Then they went down. It was seen that the salmon almost I broke it. Then all the men speared them, I and. the women carried them ashore. Then 11 they 285 were cut. Then they were plenty, and they were dried. I Coyote staid there. He already had two children. I He said: "Now I'll go to some other place." Then he left his wife. | When Coyote was about to leave, he put himself across the water. He said to the Salmon: "Don't go this way. You shall go 11 the other way." 1 i 290 Now I have told the whole story. | 61. ORIGIN OF THE SEASONS Well, I will tell you a story of what happened long ago in this world. They were staying at a certain place a long time ago, I and summers and winters were long. I There was a town. It was winter time. A man | named Coyote 5 went into the tent of an old woman, who gave him [ food. The old woman was named Squirrel. Squirrel said: I "There is no more food, and it is along time I before spring will come. What shall I do? There is no more food." Coyote said: I "Well, cry. Then if the people come in and ask you, 1[ 'Why do you cry?' don't answer. 10 When they have all spoken to you, I I shall say to you, ' Do you say I that your food will be gone long before spring comes?' Then you will say, ] 'Yes!'" Then Coyote went out. I Squirrel thought that what he had said was good. || Then she 15 cried. She cried aloud. The people in the town said: | "What is ' This is the portage between Columbia Lakes and Kootenay River. 180 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL., 5O ya'mlle2 "iqa'psins k!u'pske- tdna'mu?" quna~came'sine-. n'akliik'Ine-, at qatsxa'we* tscn ouk!uelise-kMe'11a welke'ine-. ta'xas q!a'pe's n'ak.Ii'I~ne-. qatsxa'-e- telua'mu. quna'xeskc'w-ku ts. qake'lne- neis tdlna'mu's: "ken'u'pske k!a'qailwu'20 ko-t ksel-a'1o ke'n'ek?" laqa.ila'nwe nei telna'mu. qake'ine': "he'." qakiya'mne:" kaas kula 'qakina'lats k.luma'yit." At'a'ke- laa'k!la k Saakiluna/mne- qousts qa'ha7 kilkine'lneaakilk!aku'ko t. ta'xa s n'ct!womla'a-s nata'nek!, ta'xas qo aqlsma'kinek! at naqte'ite- luma'yitna'mo's, aqsuk!'uitna'mo 's 25 ts!upna'kw-tna'mo-'s. ta'xas at laetuk!Sa'ane- wanu'yitna 'mo's. s4' aqakiya'mnw: kaas ts!a-'qakeinwi-I" qakiya'mnew: "hults!'nalayna'la. " Ta',3as ts!enaxa'mne-. ta'xas nei haq!anwukkua'ke-. sel'enmisai'we - nata'nk! kuwanu'yit,2 tsxal-a. e'nme sa 'we- nata'nek! ktsxa30 1-uma'yit. laxaxa'mne- nei aa,'kek-lu,"na-m. qakiya 'mne-: "qa'la ya'k!a'tsqana, tsxal' e'sjnilq ana 'xex" n' ok!ue' ine- netsta'ha 1. n'upT~a'lne- ke'e-n k!a'tsqana. qakile'lne-: 'c'snil' a'yen'." ta'xas ts!ena'ipex to'xpa ktsxzala'xam neis aa'kit.lana'me-s, n'etke'nec nbpe'k!a-s. ta'xa s kul'e 'tke n tsxanalta'psew nbpe'k!a s tsxalya35 qaq,,na'ke tina'xa'm qous yaqahaq!a'nske-. tsukua'te e'lwa-s. tenaxa" mne- neis aa'kit.lana'me-s. ta'Zca nei kilaxa'xam qakiya'mne: "4ya:kuwuk 'le k tsxal' e'siniltsukua 'te ne~s 11'a kalkc'nle s. ts~tal'edqanme'te-. yaaktsEma'k!qaa qous tsxalqaasa~ qa'ane- qous haq!a'iiuqlcc 'tske- tsxalqawacamet.Ac 'sjne-. natska'lke.n 40 tszxal'u' k ~u1j' o' iineskc 'nle*." N' ok!ue'ine te'tqat! tsEmak!qa' allW 1yii'nse- n~pek!a'e-s kila'wla's. qakike'lnew: "nc 'nko hents!e'sinil' ometskc 'n-e'." ta'xas nei netsta 'ha-I ktina 'xa' m. n' Vp-Fane. sawcsaqa'pse tena'mu-' s. qak.la'pse-: "ta'xas scl'c'n-e qayaqa'wokuanu'ye-t.y' qake'lnew: 45 "kaas ke'e-n luma'\yetina'mu." qak-la'pse-: "neis q!a'n e-." qake'lne-: "kaas ke'en aqsuk!uitna'mu?" a'a ike tsxaneta'pse-. nawetske'n-e neis c'wa-s. qao&4awetse'ine aatkenq!o'kups. qalwi'yse- neis telna'mu's ksdl'u'timiyaku'mek pal k!c'sqat!le'et.s. qa.up~ra'se- neis kse1'utime'nko- neis c'lwa-s. wune-kct.se- ta'xas 50 tSEma'k!il-oquenku 'pswo. mitiya'xane- neis tclna'mu 's, t!ap!ts!e'itee aa~k!alma.e'se-s. ta'xaws mitiya'X~ane- neis kqa'kiks ke'ens lumayitna'mu's. lukue'noe-,n' analkc'n e-. ta 'xas nei tclna'mu n' a~ muqkupnuxunqa'me-k. qalwi'yne- ktsca-'ltsxa. qa'taltsxa'ne-. pal kt!a'pts!e taa'kalma'e-s. Tsemwup.ýale'sjne- pal qous l't'I-e55 telna'mu at wania'th!e- at ne-s qa'nank!unc'lne-. mete--a'lne-. k.laxa::a'me s qao' yank!unc'ne- aa'ket. la'e s neis qanank!unt'llie.'Itenuawetskcknamc 's ine* lo 'use neis lumayetna'mo 's. tseikatc'ne, n upxa'lne- pal qous n'e''we aqlsma'kinek! nalk'-e-. wanaqna i'Ine-. qalwiyna 'mne- ktsxal' o 'kti 1 ne~ i 'ay. ta 'xas 60 to'iVa tsxal~axa'nxo'..lne pial qous n'e'ne- laa'k!la-k riuq!evU'n BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 181 the old woman saying?" They went there, and questioned her. She did not speak. She was just crying aloud. I Then all had questioned her, but the old woman did not speak. Coyote went there. I He said to the old woman: "Do you say 1I that you will have no more 20 food for a long time?" Then the old woman cried no more. She said: I "Yes! " The people said: "What shall we do to make spring come?" i There was another town, and there they kept I the seasons. After twelve months had passed, these I people would untie the springtime and the summer time and II the fall of the year. Then they would tie 25 up again the winter. I Therefore they said: "What shall we do with them?" They said among themselves: I "Let us go and steal it!" I Then they started. Now, those up in the sky counted that the winter would last six I months, and that six months more would pass II before spiring came. They arrived at that town, and said: "Who- 30 ever I can walk secretly shall go there." There was a boy. I It was known that he could walk secretly. He was told: "You shall stealit." Then I he started. He almost came to the tent. He worked I his manitou power. After he had done so, his manitou spoke to him, and told him![ what he was to do when he entered, and where it was 35 hanging. He took some gum. I He entered the tent; and when he arrived, they said: | "Whoever can throw farthest shall take it, after it has been thrown out., I Then he shall throw it away; and the one who is strongest shall stay on I the prairie on the hillside. It will be thrown there; and when he catches it, I| he shall tear it at once." 1 40 There was one very strong man. His manitou was I Grizzly Bear. He was told: "You shall tear it." Then I the youth went in. He saw an old woman standing there. I She said to him: "It is midwinter." Then he said to her: II "Where is the springtime? " He was 45 told: "It is hanging there." I He said to her: "Where is the summer?" and she told him. I He was holding the gum. He held it in his hand close to the fire. 1 The old woman thought that he was warming his hands, for it was cold. I She did not know that he was heating the gum. After some time li it melted. Then he attacked the 50 old woman and stuck I (the gum) on her mouth. Then he went to get the thing in which she had said I the springtime was kept. He pulled it off and carried it out. Then the old woman I ran out quickly. She intended to speak, but could not speak. I (The gum) was stuck on her mouth. It was just seen that II the old woman was moving her 55 arms, pointing in a certain direction. They went that way. I When they got there, she pointed to her tent. She pointed that way. I They looked in, and the springtime was gone. They looked for it, I and it was known that the people were carrying it away. I Then they made war on them. They wanted to kill all those who had stolen it. When II they were about to overtake them, another one 1 60 182 182 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL. 59 kt'wwc neis kalke'nle-s. ta 'xas n'c'n-e nei kwuhe'le-k pal ta'x.as tu'xua kts.,ala'xa-s kwanaqna'naps. ts enme'te, qous aq!a'nukle.e'tske-. sla:twesqa'ane- nei kts~ma'k qa. n' ctk'n e nipck!a'e s. n&dnqa'pte-k kila'wla-'s. natskalke'ww. pal ktsEMa'k Iqa tsEma65 k!e "se- neis k!oqoha'kqaps n' umetskt'ne. nalumc'se% qa'talyeku'ne- kqawunt'kit k~lale'tdlu. ta'xas sel-umaye'tine. ta'xyas at sel'aqaqa'ane- k!cnmc'sa nata'nek! luma'yit a'a'ke- at k!cirme 'sa nata'nek! wanu'yit. nula'n-e nei telna'mu. k.la'lo-s ke'e-k. Ta'xas huslq!apqalq!anux,,wa'te- nei pe'k!ak yaqale.t'tke- na70 a'm-ak.' 62. COYOTE JUGGLES WITH His EYES Ho 'yas, hutsxaltsxamt 'lnc- yaqaqa'pske k!e 'kin skc'w-kuts aa'kaqlilna-'me-s neis pe'k!aii-s. Qa~na'xer ske'w-ku-ts. ll'UpIcale- te'tqa-t!s qous *qaharv-- lukpqa'pse-. n'itwesqa'pse-. qaoxa'xe- ske'w-kuts. n'up neo 5 neis te'tqa~t!s nutsenqkupikna'kse', laietwcsqa'pse-. n'upc,5nepal net's qanalwaahakelwetske'kse'. lahats!ena'se-.2 ta'xas lax~a'ýce. qa.up2cafa'pse. Ii U p2.:,naflea.twcsqa'pse-. pal sel' akakc'nse" ~aa'kaqlcl' so s. pal sel' ektikme't-se- neis yaqanmo~cu'ske- aa'kaqlel'e'se-s qanmuqkup' noxzonakna'kse-. i' etwcsqa'pse* neis qa10 nalwa-klwetske'kse-. laqawaakal' uka:u 'se- aa'kaqlil'e'se-s. lahaqlc'lse-.b Qalwi'yne ske'n-kurts: "hoya'sultsukua'tme1 a,'kaq'l'e~s." ta'xas lunikqao*-'a'xe'. qawoukata'pseo a'a,'keo a. etwesqa'pse*. t' akakc'nse. it 'iktikme 't.se.,nutsenqkupikna'kse a' ke15 ske'n-ku-ts mitiya'xane-. t' atskalke'new neis aa'ka'qlilna'me-s. ta'xa nei te'tqat! qanalwa-wtsla"mne-. laqao'\kaxu 'seaa'kaqle'le-s. pal silbaletqlc'ne-. ts!~ena,'xe-. ta'xia nei k.lale'tqlil qal'ate 'lne- nu'ktsnaq!a"nkam. lalitql~ 'e- nuktsnaq!a" nkam. ts!ena'Fe-. qous u's'me-ks qao,:Fa'zxe ske'nku-ts n'twesqa 'ane-. 20 qaka'wetsctsq!ahe'yne' qa 'halin' aa'kaxapak!~se s. qao&4atsq!ahe'yne-. tu'xua qanaxu'ne- nuktsnaq!a"nkam. la-hats!ena'xea,'a'ke laqaqana 'ane skt'it kuts, a' ake tu 'xua la'q!akpakitk o'une aa~ka'xapak!'se s. qalwi'yne- nuktsnaq! a-"nkam "Pal selqapsqaqa'anew naqa'ane- nula'n'w. napit a'"ke- laqa'qa, 25 mc'ka nYse. maats ku'tqcale'ntsejt ku'tszxalqanaq!a'ley." al'keIaqaahaq!ana,'ane53 skc 'n-ku ts mc 'ka k!e'se s nuktsnaq! a"nkam nas qana'qkupq!ale'yne-. n'upx.,ne te'tqa-t!s nalkine '1se* tsenkc'ne. k!u'pT-a ske'wku-ts kseltsenke'ne-I qake'ine-: "a: maats qouqake'nu.- hutsxal ama'tiktse 'sjne- aa'kaq'l.ne s." qa30 tsenk!a'palte 'Ic k nu'ktsnaq!a ' nkam. tsenkin~ 'ne- ske 'itku ts. I The youth who stole the spring was Lynx (k~o'5gune). 2 Pierre: Gatshna'8'. a Pierre: la95aqtel4anala KUTENAI TALES 183 took hold of what they were carrying. It was he who could throw farthest. When the pursuers were almost I about to overtake them, he threw it. There on the prairie on the hill I the strong one was standing. He worked his manitou power I and turned into a Grizzly Bear. He caught it because he was strong. 1I The thing that con- 65 tained it was strong. He tore it. I There was wind. It was not long before there was no more snow, and it was spring. I Therefore spring has six months, and there are six I months winter. The old woman did it when there was no food. I Now I have told you how II the world was long ago.1 70 62. COYOTE JUGGLES WITH His EYES Well, I'll tell you what Coyote did with I eyes long ago. I Coyote went along. He saw a man I running along and stopping. Coyote went there. He saw II the man running along and stopping again. 5 He saw I that he was looking up. He went on and arrived there. I The man did not see him. He saw that he stopped again and that he was taking out I his eyes to throw them up. I Then he ran to the place where the eyes were going. The man stopped 11 and looked up. 10 His eyes came back down, and I he had his eyes again. I Coyote thought: "Well, I'll take his eyes." I Then he went behind him. (The man) did not see him. He stopped again. I He took them out and threw them up. He started to run. 1I Coyote also 15 ran after them and caught the eyes. I Then the man looked up, but his eyes did not come down again. I He was without eyes. He went on. The one without eyes was named Snipe. I Now Snipe had no eyes. I He went on. Coyote went ahead there and started. [| He stretched 20 out his fingers and just put them into Snipe's orbits. I Snipe alniost fell down. Then he went on, I and Coyote did the same again, and he almost put his fingers again I into his orbits. Snipe thought: "It is just as though I somebody was doing this. If it should happen again, [| even if it hurts, I shall not mind it. I shall just stretch my 25 hands out." I Coyote did so again. Even though it hurt him, I Snipe just stretched out his hands. He felt that there was a man, I and he took hold of him. When Coyote knew that he was caught, he said: "Oh, I don't do anything to me! I will give youyour eyes." 11 Snipe 30 would not listen. Coyote was caught. I His eyes were taken out, and 1 The young man who stole the bag containing the spring was Lynx. 184 184 BUR1EAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL, 59 nakaqlilkjne'ne t!apts!akt 'n e nuktsnaq!a"nkam ne-is a'a kaq141'cse s skc'rrku ts. ta'xas lawo~kat.ite'tine n'u'pýCane Suwetske'uvse aakaqlt'le es. wakinel'tie nutscenqkupekc'Ime k nuk tsnaq! a"nkam. lalitqle'lne- ske 'n-tu ts. lats!ena 'xe nuktsna35 q! a"nkam' aa,,kik-luua'me s. k. lala'xa m qake 'ine- huwalkenmc 'ne* aa'kaqle'l'es skc'rrku-ts. qaha'na'xe- ske'n-ku ts. ta'xas k!umnaqaqa'aue-. ilU'P).ailO k.Iats!Ia'e-ns. qatwi'yne- at ma ke'isouks- e'Lwa-s qakqankike'ine-. n'uPýCane' pal sq!a'n seeTwa s. lukue'n-e n'oqo,,-_ake'n e-. wo,,kaetle t'tine% W'etskc'lne40 laa'k!lalks. ta'xas ke'isouks. tsukua'te-. t!apts!ake'n-e. lahaqlc'lne' skc'n ku ts. ts! na 'xe. i' u'p:Zane yaaqakeika'ske nuktsnaq! a' nkam. qahana'xe-. pal k utimele 'it. s, luq uIIIku 'pse- neis e'Fwas. n'unaxu'se-. la1etqle'lne- skc n ku ts. qa hana-'xe-. ta'xas lakI!umnaqaqa'ane-. II U P:ýail* naknuxonu 'kse-. qaiwi'yne- at 45 ma ke 'isouk aa' qo1qIflc'up. qanaqa nkike' ine-. n' up~calkene'ite& t apts!ake 'ne. laliaqlc'ne- skc 'n ku ts. ts!ena'xe- qahana'~e-. pal at ktspu'q! ~e ne- aa'qo-q!lclup. paq!ame'isce laa'psila'litqle'ne- ske'n-ku-ts. qa na ',ce% nulpa 'mne Ika 'in'u's sqanke 'kse'. qake'kse: tsii'y:A% a'a'ke* naqankiyame'sine qa'psin?" 50 qake'ine- nei lka'm-u. "naas ske'ki'welk!alaxapa'kse-." qalwi'yne- ske 'n ku ts: "k.la'qa lawi-'ya 'l." qanaqankike'yne-. nyu'pqcane- pal naqa'pse' lawP-'yals. lukuc'n-e ne-ys kwe'lqaps. n'oqou,-ake'n e aa'kaqle'l'e 's. lahaqle'lne' ske 'iiku ts. laapsaqhe'l-' no. lawP'yals. qalwi'yne-: " ta'xa-s ku'scl-aha'qlil." qao'xa'ce55 neis lka'm u's neis ma kaqa'nki-Is' tsuc'se-s. qalwi'yne ne" Ika'mu ke'ens tsu"we-s. qatseika'te-. ta'xas k.la'xam ske'wku'ts tsenke'w-e' neis lka'm-u's' lukue~n-e- aa'kaqlel'e 'so s. ta'xas lahaqa'pse- aa,'kaqle'l'eo s. qous qao'ja'xe. qaakilyunaqa'pse' lawi" - yals. qako'ine:. "tsdi'h:'. na's ski'kilwlk!ala>xa'pa'kso'-." ta'60 Tcas n'esaknu'fe-. ta'xas qao"'xa'xe' noi na.u'te'. n'tsqa'inak,,na'kse' tsiya"o's. ta'xas nalq!at!e'ine'. n'owo'k,,ne- skc'n ku 'ts. qao'xa'ýe'. tsen ke'ne' no 's na.u'te 's. nakakc'neo'Ia'~kaqlel''se-s. Tsi!ena'xe-. laxa'xe' a,,'kek.luna'me-s. qous a:n'ilqa',haks qa'ne't.la's tclna'mu's. tenaxa "ine'. ta'xas n'ekine'. qake'lne': 65 "1ka at k!aaqane'kit na haak.luna'mke'? qak.la'pse' qakilwalkenhe'sino- ske'n 'ku ts aa'kaqle '1'e 's sa'kelk. lukmulc'sino-. a:1 -wunc 'kt.s tsxalwa'xe- alkate'te'. tsxalts!enalxuna'pine-. qake'lne': "at kinawasqco'ume-k?" qake'ine, nei telna'mu. "Pal ku'siLhul'a'k.lo'; tsenyaake'isouk tc'tqa'-t!ts pa'lke1 at n'e'si70 n'ilhaqawe'lno'." q!akpakitý:o',ne' nois telna'mu's. luqla'ate'. n'dlqanme'te' ne-'s aa'kulak!~se's. aat,,kuqla.c'so 's qanaxa"mno'. n'tsaknu'ne'. qawunokc't.se- ta'xas wa'se- nois tcte.e'se's. n' a 'sne' no1 na.u'te-. ke-'wam qake'lne': "katc'to ta'xas husyax~nawa 'sine-. ta'xasts laha'q,,welna'mne'. hutsts!enab-u75 nawa's~ne'." ta'xas, nataxo'lne- ske'n'ku'ts. ts!naixo',lne'. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 185 Snipe put on I Coyote's eyes. Then he could see again. He knew (Coyote) I had taken his eyesfrom him. Then Snipe ran away, I and Coyote had no eyes. Snipe went back I1 to his town. When he ar- 35 rived, he said: "I brought I here Coyote's eyes." Coyote went along. I He was poor. He knew there were trees. He thought I the gum would be good. He felt for it, and noticed gum hanging down. I He took it off and put it in. He could see with it. He looked for I| another one. Then it was good. He took it and stuck it on. I Then 40 Coyote had his eyes back. He started. He saw the place from which Snipe I had come. He went along. It was hot, and the gum melted. I It fell down, and Coyote was again without eyes. He went along. Then I he was poor.again. He knew there was a creek there. He thought: I1 "The foam will be good." He felt for it. He found it 45 and I stuck it on, and Coyote had eyes again. He started and went along. I The foam was soft. It burst, and Coyote was again without eyes. I He went along and heard a child speaking. | He said: "Sister!" He also heard some one calling. "What is it?" I said 50 that child. "Here is a big berry patch." I Coyote thought: "There must be huckleberries." He felt for them with his hands. I He knew there were huckleberries. He picked off a big one I and put it in his eyes. Then Coyote had eyes again. He had huckleberries for his eyes. I He thought: "Now I have eyes again." He went to where II the child was calling for his sister. The child thought I that 55 his sister was coming. He did not look. When Coyote arrived, I he took hold of the child, took out his eyes, and so I he had eyes again. Then he went there where there were many huckleberries. I He said: "Sister, here is a big berry patch." Then he 11 sat down. The girl 60 went there where I her younger brother was sitting. She picked berries. Coyote arose and I went there. He took hold of the girl and took out her eyes. I Then he started and came to the town. There at one end I was the tent of an old woman. He entered and ate. He said to her:]] "What are they doing in this town?" He was told: "Coyote's eyes 65 were brought here. They are using them to obtain good luck. I After a little while my granddaughters will come. They will carry me." I He said to her: "Do you sing?" The old woman said: I "I am old. Only young men and women dance." II Then he killed the 70 old woman, took off her skin, I and threw away her body. He went into her skin I and sat down. After a short time her granddaughters, I two girls, came. When they arrived, they said: "Grandmother, I we came to get you. They are dancing again. We will take you over there." II Then they took Coyote on the back. He was carried 75 186 186 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 EIBVLL. 59 k~la~ca'b.:o~l qake'lne- neis na.u'tw-s: "hutscalhawasxo'umek, a'at'ke' hutsxcalhaquwc'lnox" Ta'xas k.la'xavm qake'ine 1101 na.u'teke'stw-k; qake 'ine-: "tc'lna a' akw ktsa'quwi I." qake 'ine* nuktsnaq!a "nkam: s0 "so %,kseaf a'akw- tsxcalhaq,,wc'lnw tclna'mu." ta'ý:as naq,,wilnal'nne. -ta'xas skcr'n'kw-ts fl'U'Wa11Wn yaaqanerkc'tskeox qakilc'lne- telna'mu: "Ita'iyas nc'nkrn hawasco'una'm."y ta'ca 1101 ha'kilhaquwe Ina'mkw- at qakiya'mno.: "a: ksak.lukmo'Ie-s ske'n-kwts skc'w ku-ts aj'kaqlc'1'e-s." 85 Ta'xas te'lna- nawasco'umw-k neis yaaqakiyamc'skex. a'a'kwqake'1nex. pal kqa'w-n telna'mu, pal ke-'wn skc'w-ku-ts. letk~a'lmukua. c'tinw 110k yaakilhaquwilna'rnkex qakflc'ne-1101 na. u'teke'stw-k: "owokc'nkd-l telna'nxu, ke'nlhanhlkc'nkiil, paltkMumnaqa'qa."y taQxas 110j na.u 'tokc'sttrk n'owoke'no -tete"w-s. ta'2cas 90 naquwilna'manex. n'alsentiya'mno', o-'k!uquna telna'mu k!esinilhawasxo'~mw-k. sukuilq!ukna'innex. ta 'xas wo-nikc'tinw- ka'quwe'lnam. ta'xas qako'1ne no1 telna'mu: " k.lpcskc'ntl- yaakawas-. xo %mo'k."; at nalk'n-e nets aakqlel'e'se-s skc'wnkw-ts. ta'xas ske'n-ku-ts nalke'w-e-11OiS aatkeqlc'l'o-s. qaakilha'quwdlna'nine'. 95 taQxas n'up~yahe'sjnw nei tdlna'mu laqaa'psilpalpi'nex 'e.ta'xas slq!awa'ts'neinaxwa'tw-k. ta'xas to'xYa tslaqawe'lpalne'lne-. no.. n' tuwcsquwu 'muex laq aha'quwilna'mnox,qak~iya'mnrnox "ts-ukome'lkii, tseika'tkH- telna'mu. lcnscl'upekc'me k." tsu100 ku'lnox tseikate'lia-nw 101tdna'mu. n'up~ca'lne sakqa'pseaatkuqla'-s flej telna'mu. lo'une- tsen aa'kuqla'o-s n'enqapta'ksox. nulpalnc'lnc- ske'wk-uts qous a:n'clqa'ha'ks. sel'u-. rna'tsinex. qakiya'mne-: "pal n'e'nwe ske'ntkuts, pal qa.e'11.0. 1101 telna'mu ka'q11wil. pal n'upe'lne- ske'nku-ts, pal tscn 105 n'cn-se- aatkuqlac'sw-s." Ta'cas husd'q!a'pqalq!a'nuxwa'te' sk'n'ku-ts yaqial'etkce'nkwaa'keqle'l'e s. 63. COYOTE AND DEER Huhqcalhaqalq!anuxwa'te- ske'wku-ts 11018yaqal'4tkc'nke' tsu 'pqa 's. Qa-hak.luna'mne'. nois pc'k!atks tsu'pqa at n'et!xaka'anex, at qa.upsla'tjyil'ana~ca'mneox tsen ya-kqasts!umqa'qa te'tqa~t! 5 at n'esjnil'ana'ýje'. yaak.litaka'to' at n'etx!.na'psw- tsu'pqa's. ta'xca nw-' hak.luna'mkw o-k!uquna ksa'han tsu'pqa nowasjna'minei qalwi'yno' ske'xrku-ts: "hults!enal'a'ana'm."y qakilc'lno-: inmaats a&'nw-n' l'e'tt!1a110 tsu'pqa." qako'1nw- ske'n'ku4ts: "ahuts.Tal'ctke'no niopc'k!a. tsxalqa.et1!:.na'pjnw" tsu'pqa." ta'Xas 10 ts!cna';e ske'w-ku-ts. qctQs qana'xer n'itkc'ww -no*pe'k~as. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 187 along. I While he was being carried there, he said to the girls: "I will sing, I I will dance." When the two girls arrived, they said: I "The old woman also wants to dance." Snipe said: I1 "Well, she also shall dance." Then 80 they danced. I Coyote knew what was done. I The old woman1 was told: "Now you sing!" Then, I while the dancing was going on, they sang- I "Try to get good luck out of Coyote's, Coyote's eyes!" II The old woman sang that which was said. She also I said so. She 85 was not an old woman; she was Coyote. There was no I light where they were dancing. The two girls were told: I "Let the old woman stand up. Lead her. She is poor." I Then the two girls made their grandmother stand up. 1I They danced. They tried hard, because 90 the old woman was singing. I They were glad. They danced for a longtime. I Then the old woman said: "Let go what you sing about." I They carried the eyes of Coyote. Then Coyote carried I his eyes. They were dancing about. I1 Then it was noticed that (the voice) of 95 the old woman was going down. I She was almost. out of breath. Almost they could hear her no more. I Then she was heard singing by the doorway. Then she was not heard any more. I They stopped, and did not dance any more. They said: I "Bring a light! Look for the old woman! She may have died of fatigue." II Light was made, 100 and they looked for the old woman. Then they saw the skin lying there. I The old woman was gone. I Only her skin remained. They heard Coyote some distance away. He laughed, I and they said: "It was Coyote, it was not the old woman, [ who danced. Coyote killed her. It was only II her skin." I 105 Now I have told you what Coyote did to I his eyes. I 63. COYOTE AND DEER I'll tell you how Coyote made the I Deer. I There was a town. Long ago the Deer used to bite the people. I They never went out hunting. Only the men who were skillful |1 went 5 hunting. Those who were unskillful were bitten by the Deer. I There was that town. They were hungry because the Deer was bad. I Coyote thought: "Let me go hunting!" He was told: I "Don't go hunting! The Deer might bite you." Coyote said: "Oh, I I'll work rmy manitou power. The Deer shall not bite me." II Coyote started. 10 IThat is, Coyote. 188 188 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHTNOLOGYIUL.5 I BULL. 5 ).) qake'ine nbpe'k!a-: "tsxaua"tu kaas kuts!aqa'ke-n tsu'pqa. hoqalwi'yne- hutsxal'itke'-e-. ta'xta- nei yuna'qa aqlsmaa'kjnek! "'LaaS a'mia-ks kaas at kts!aqa'qana. pal ktsxa'l'e-ns ke'e-k at xma ktszal'upsla'tiyil'u'pla-ps." qakila'pse nbpek!a'e s: "so'u15 kulle.. hutsxalqak.lIt'sinex ta'xa lu'nwu. ts!e'naizi' mitiya'-ane s tsu 'pqa. helltsxaltsenke'we- hentsxal ukuinmc 'mne aa'q!ona'n'e-s. hents!etkinme'lne- aakula'k!e-s tsxalso'ukse-; a'Ia tke. hcnts!etkennv'lne a-qa't!e-s." ta'xas ts!ena'ýcc ske'n-ku-ts. qous qa-na'xe- at n'a'qlo-k! tsu'pqa. ta'xas at mete,-'aka'ane-. qa-ha20 kq!anqlupet'nse* neis yaaqa'kalome'ske-. neis luna'xe- skc'n-ku-ts. ny'U/ W~a11eY neis a'q!a-s nak.lu~conate'tse* tsu'pqa-'s fl'Up2:ýafl kselmetiya'x naps. pcskc'w-e-t!awu' e-s. ta'zcas n'U'pane- tunwaka'se- tsu'pqa-'s mitiya'x ne;- tstnke'n-e. qao"'Xaya'XanW aa'k!alma~e'se s. lukuc'ire-aa,,q!onan'~se s. ta'xas nawctsk'nwe. 25 q!apilso-kue'n-e akulak!cse~s. tsukua'te- tsa'ha'ls, SO/ukse- neis tsa'halIs. t!apts!ake'we-. kul'e 'tki.n lapeske'nw. qakt'lne-: "(ho'ya-'s t!anukqlo'ukue-n' na ke-nlqa'na-n'." ta'xas tsu'pqa t!anukqloukueIn-e neis qana-'x~e-. neis qalyuwatkaq!alqa'tine-. tsenlakate' ine* tsu 'pqa. pal ke'so uks a,,'kula'k!e s, ke 'iso~ks 30 aatqa't!e-s. qake'lne- ske'n-ku-ts tsu'pqa-'s: "ta'xas hoseluketkine 'sine* tseika'tamr' henyuqua-Itsenlakate'ike-. ta'xas at maats hentsla.e't!x.alc- aqlsma'kinek!. ta'xas atents!ounellne- hen'u'p,)a atentsxalt!anukqlo ' k~1ne; atents-yalhosanu'xon qa'ane. tsen ya-kqasts!umqa'qa at tsisiniluple'sine'. ya-k.litaka'te*. at tsxal35 qamuple'sine. taxta-' yu-na'qa aqlsma'kinek! pal ktsyuna'qaps k!u'plaps a,'ake- at zxzra kents!u'pe 1." ta'xas sellholetke'ir-e ske'n-ku-ts ke'isouks qa'psins. Lahats!ena'xe- ske'n'ku'ts, n'upý:ane- tsu'pqa-'s. n'elwa'ne-. Ia 'ake- la-ts!ena/xe*. a' 'ke- la'e-lwa~n-e laa'k!laks. ta'ýcas 40 'lahats!ena'xe- la.aimaxo'une- tsu'pqa-'s. lala~a'xem a~kek.luna'me s qous a:nclqa 'haks qahaqa'pse lIkamne'nta'ke-s. tse n tseikata'pse-. si iaq!maxomu 'n e- neis k.la. aima'xo- tsu 'pqa 's, o-kVuquna at k!upe'lka's. qake'lne' neis lkamne'nta'ke-s: "eqa' psin tscn, ke'nsiltseikata'pkeil; awu'tkeil. at ts.ýalqake'jne45 lkamne"nteak ta~cta` yuna'qa aqlsm-a'kjnek! n'up~a Ikamnef"nte-k lawaq!awu-na'me~s at tsTal'awu'te- ta'xa nei fla'kek.Lu' nam. at ts2~a1'up2~a'lne- k.Iapska'q!,,WUna'me-s k! u'pskelkamne"ntetk." qa.u'pTane ne1 lkamne"nte-k kaas l'aqa'ke-. qak.la'pse- skc'nrkurts. qake'ikei1: "h6" h6- wii." ta'xas Ikam50 ne"nte-k q!a'pe' qake'ine' neis kulpa'lnil lkamne"nte-k neists k!aqa'ke'. qakiya'mne-: " qa'psin sk!u'pske- lkamne"nte'k." n'anaxa'mna'maeo. qakiya'mne-: "tseika'tkeil ske'w-kuts sel-awaq!awu'rve'. la.aimaxo'une- tsu'pqa-'s." tseikate'lneske'n-ku-ts pal seIbawaq!awu'noe*. qake'ine- ske'nWkutts: "ta'xa~s BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 189 Then he worked his manitou power. | He said to the manitou power: "Tell me, what shall I do to that Deer? I I want to change it. Later on there will be many people I in this world. What will they do for their food? I It might always kill them." His manitou said: "It is good. [ I will tell you. Go on! and if the Deer runs after you, I take 15 it and pull out its teeth I and make it so that its meat shall be good, and I make a tail for it." Then Coyote started. I He went, and the Deer smelled him. Then the Deer pursued him. I1 There was a bunch 20 of little trees in the direction from which the wind came. Coyote went around this way. J He saw a thicket. Deer made noise, and he noticed I that it would go for him. He put down his bow. Then he saw I the Deer coming out. Coyote ran after it and took it. He took it by the mouth and pulled out its teeth. Then he held it, || and he 25 made its body good. He took grass, nice I grass, and stuck it on. After he had changed it, he let it go, and said to it: I "Go on, snort! Go this way!" Then Deer I snorted and went along. It put up its tail quickly. I The Deer was nice. Its body was nice. Its tail was nice. II Coyote said to the Deer: "Now I have finished with you. | 30 Look at yourself! Look how nice you are! Now don't I bite people! You shall be afraid of them. When you see them, I you shall snort. You shall run away. I Only skillful people shall kill you. Unskillful ones II shall not kill you. Later on, when there are many people and 35 when there will be enough I to kill animals, you may be killed." Then Coyote finished making things good. I Coyote started on, and he saw a Deer and killed it. He went on and killed another one. Then 11 he went back. He carried two Deer. 40 He reached the town. I A little ways from the town, children | were playing. They just looked at him, and he scared them with the two Deer he was carrying, I because they used to kill people. He said to the children: I "Why are you looking at me? * Shout for joy! I| That 45 is what children will say. Later on, when there are many people and when children see I somebody carrying meat, they will shout for joy. Then it will be known in the town I that somebody is bringing meat. Therefore the children shall shout." I The children did not know how to do it. ] Coyote said to them: "Say 'Hohowu!'" Then |i the chil- 50 dren all said so. When they heard what the children were saying, they all said: I "Why do' your children say that?" I They came out and said: "Look at Coyote! He is carrying two Deer." Coyote was looked at. I.He was carrying meat. Coyote said: "Now |1 go out 55 190 190 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 55 ana'keil. hun'itkt'n-e tsu'pqa- tsxal'aqa.ct!:ýaniske'lne-nWookwe'iqapqa'ane tsu'pqa."I Ta'xas husclq! a'pqalq!anuxwa'te- ske'nrku ts neis pc'k!a-ks yaqal'itke'nvke tsu'pqa-'s. 64. COYOTE AND TREE CHIEF Ho 'ya's hutsqa'lanuxwa'te k!a'k! lan -aq!o 'ximale -'et. (a) COYOTE BECOMES TREE CHIEF' S FRIEND Qao~sa~qa',,ne- ske'n-ku ts. nulpalnete'tin e ka'qa ps netsta'hais, ka'qa ps nvtsta'ha Is ksao-sa'qa-ps. qalwi'yne': "hults!ena'mi-I. ktsxa'l'e-n ka'swu nei nctsta'hal pal kqa'kyain 5 kqasts!o'mqa'qa." ta'xa nei netsta'hal qal'ate'lne' k!a'k!law-aq!o>:Fmale'et. ts!ena'xe- skc'w-ku-ts. qous qana '::e. n' ctke'neo kuwe'lquwa't!e ' s. n' u'pste- skc'n ku-ts yu hanqa'me k. pal k.letq!uxma'saq! tsukua'te Aa'Pas. qauake'nre- aa'ksa'q!e s. ta'xas wilke'sqle k!a'lne-. qaanmttu'kse y-aqaanet. la'ake k!a'k!lan,'a10 q!o>-ycmale-et. le'ine-s qous qa'qalxona'pse- kwe'lquwat!s ske'n-ku-ts. k!u'p-y.a ma'e s k!a'k!law-aq!o'xumale 'et, qake'inenei tclna'mu: "a: kse'ilsouk qo ha'mke leWins swu 'eos kanaxa'le-." nulpalnite'tine qous ktsxana'me s skc'n-kusts. qayaqana'xe'. ma'te- neis xaltse'n'e~s kuwe'lquwat!s. laxa 'xe' 15 neis telna'mir's. tenax.a"mne.. qakc'lne-: "kaa kc'nskil'aaqa'ke' qou ku-qua'ham le'ine."Yyn)u'pcane- nei telna'mu neis pat n'e'nse' neis nctsta'hals. ma kskelytlna'antstaps. qake'lnee ske'nwku-ts: "a: ma koquafke- le'e-ns swu'e-s kanxa'le-." qao'une- neis ke'ens ske'nku-ts. ta'xas sla'*qa vqa i'pse20 ktso'ukuat ktsxa'l'enis swue'se-s xale"e-s. n'u'pýaane neiS sale-"e s ktsxa'L'e 'ns naso 'ukwe 'ns. qaovsa"'qa'ane- ske'n-ku ts aa'ket.1a.e'se-s swu'e-s. (b) COYOTE TRIES TO KILL TREE CHIEF Naqsanmi 'yet. 9 qake'lne- swu 'es: "hults!enaxy 'a aa' kek.I()'una~m." n' lUf'Pane pal tsmak!kiyame'sine pal tsxal'itke'nse25 qa 'psins neis netsta'ha Is- nulpalnete'tiiie' qous aa'kck.luna'me -s neis kq aov wcsa'qa qaki'kse- naso 'ukwe ns ktsxalhama 'tketsswin'e'se s neis nttsta'hals. ta'xas sdlaqaqa'pse- kqa'lwiy ksxal'e'tkcn swu'e-s ktsxal'u'pilts ktsxal~Osiniltsu',ukuat neis naso'u kue-ns swen't'sews. ta'xas ts!ena':F.e neis aa'kmana'me-s. ta'xa 30 nei ncetsta'hal at qa.elqana'xe a,'ket.lae'se-s ma'e-s. at qaqna ~ie yaa'kilwd~k.Iuname'ske-. ske'nklu-tsta'xas ke'e-ns swu'e-s, ta'xas n'elqanama'lne-. n' u'pqcane- ske'w-ku-ts ksank!a',,me s. ke'eons 1aa'kinu'kweit!t'se-s ka'akeni's. qalwi'yneo ske'jivku'ts: "neis ku 'tsxalq a'akiI'u'pil ka'swuo" ta'xas laxa'xe., ta'xas Yuna'q al-pal BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 191 hunting. I will change the Deer, and it will not bite you; I but the Deer is wild." I Now I have told what Coyote did long ago I to the Deer. I 64. COYOTE AND TREE CHIEF1 Well, I will tell you about Tree Chief. I (a) COYOTE BECOMES TREE CHIEF'S FRIEND There was Coyote. He heard about a youth. I There was a youth. He thought: "I'll go, I and the youth shall be my friend, because it is said 11 that he is clever." The name of this youth was Tree Chief. J 5 Coyote started. He went along. He met | a mule. Coyote took him and rode him. Because his legs were lean, [ he took moss and stuffed his legs. Then I he had big calves. Tree Chief's tent was on a river. 11 Coyote came riding along on the mule I opposite (the tent). When 10 Tree Chief's mother saw him, the old woman said: I "Oh, I wish the passer-by would be my son's friend!" I Coyote heard her talking. | He went past. He left his mule and came 11 to the old woman. He 15 entered, and said to her: "What did you say I when I passed there on the other side? " The old woman saw that I he was a youth. She was pleased with him. She said I to Coyote: "I said this: 'I wish you would be my son's friend."' I She did not know that it was Coyote. Therefore [1 she took him to be her son's friend. She 20 knew that I her son was to be a chief. There was Coyote I in his friend's tent. I (b) COYOTE TRIES TO KILL TREE CHIEF After several days he said to his friend: "Let us go to the town!" | He knew that it was true that 1I the youth was going to do something. 25 He had heard there in the town | while he was there [he was told] that the chief would give I his daughter to that youth. Therefore he thought I he would make him his friend. He wanted to kill him and take the I chief's daughter for himself. They went along a trail. II The youth did not want to leave his mother's tent. He would never 30 Sgo to the big town. W hen Coyote had becom e his friend, I he took him along. Coyote saw a pit. It was a trap of Wolf. Coyote thought: "Here I I shall kill my friend." Then they arrived there. 1 Literally, "different kind of tree," 192 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL. 15 )9 35 n't ne- ske'ivku~ts. at qouquanaqa'lenk!one'lne-. ta, xas saqana" - ne- masts k. ltse~kat.le 'ite ts nasts yaqao v aqa'nq!ankinakc'skex. ta'xas to'xua tsxal-axa'xe- neis aatk!a'ames. ta'xa nei aa,'k!a'amenatsle.e'tine o-ku~fquna ke'en aatka'k!o. qa'nam qa'psin, at qaovxalaaqapwa~amoXu'n-e q!a'pe- qa'psin, tsu'pqa, k.la'wla; 40 q!a'pe- qa'psin at qaovxal'c'pine- neiS aa'k!a'ame-s. qao'xake'kne- swu'timo. ta'xas laxa'xe- neis laqa'nank!one'lne- ske'n-kwts wuq kupzo ',Ine- swu'e-s. flaaqapWaAaaMetXO 'une* neis aak!a'ame-s. tseika'te- ske'nku-ts. qake'ine-: "hya": ka'swo. hutsxal-aqa'louqalnuk!ne'sine- pal kslwit!k!a,'ame-." tsenske'ine. pal ksil45 qoqu'nte k. qake'lne-: "yuwaakaqan -me'te 'n' akuqla' ntne-s. ta'xas hutslayuwaakakne'sine-." pa:'metk ske'w-kuts nakunke-'noe swu'e-s. laqa'talyuwaakaken*MU'we aaqa't!e-s. se't!e's n's' nSe' aaqa't!e-s. ta'xas scl'aqakc'lne- kselPaqata'ake ii. slw-tske'ine. qa. akunxa,"mne -. ta'xas k!ak!larvaq!oxumale 'et yuwaa,50 kmnete a~kiyukwa'e-s. q!a'pe-s qa'psins yuwa',kmc'te*. ta'xas lalctqla"nte-. qake'ine- skc'w-ku-ts:, "aa'ke yuwaakaqa'n-mitq!u'k-lo mak!o 'unam." ta 'xas laletq!uk.luma'ne k!a'k!lan aq!o - ýcumale 'et. neis aa'q!uk.luma'e s at ni'cnqapta'kse k!u"mtsaks. aa'k.la'm'e-s at qaawetsq!anu'se' kiaq!aku'tats neists n'ilqa'n55 mitq!uk.lumak!o'umek pal at k!enqapta'ke-s k!u"mtsaks, neists kiak!aku'tats at n'e'kse- neis khv-"mtsaks. ta'xas kq!a'piltso'ukuat ske'n-ku-ts qa'psins. ta'xas ts!ena'xe., na' ate- qa'snal's naqa 'pse aakenuqle'it!e-s; nayu~kwa'ane-. na'ate kiak!aku'tats. q!apdlhaqoka'mse- aa'kuqla"nt!e s. 60 Laxa 'xe neis aa 'kek.luna'me s. tunoxa'xe' a,,'kinuqle 'ets naqts!elukua'ame-k. qakiya'mne-: "ho'yas wa'xe kMa'klaw-aq!oýcumale'-et." tseikate'lne -qo11 ka'mkex qawaka'xex wa'xe -aa~ kck.luna 'me-s. qakik'~lne: "qous scnt.la'ane- naso ',kue.1." qalwi 'yname 'sine t a 'xas ksclqo 'ukam neis k!aqai'ke-ks naso Iukue-ns 65 ktsxal'sahe'tit swen'e'se-s. tinaxa"imne-. pee'k!a-ks nulsoukinle'sineaa'knoxo 'e s, o 'kil!qunake 'en naso',ukue ns. telnamu "e s naso 'ukue-n su~kuelq!u'kse- neis ke"wam. qa.u'pý,aýne- nej na.u'te- neis ke'ewns ske'wkw-ts. pt'k!a-ks qakilqao'savqa'pse- naas aa'k-ik.luna'me-s. neis k.laqo',ukua-'s. laqa. o'une- n' e'nse- nulaqana"e-s. 70 sukuclq!u'k~une. n'saknu'-e- ske'n-ku ts. na'ate- kiak aku't-ats. n'ilqanmitq!uk.lumak!o'11me-k. at n'unanu:u 'se- neiskidak!aku'tats at n'e'kse- neis kMu"mtsaks. at laqao~xanucu 'se* aa'k.la "m'e s. ta'xas k!u'p::ana-ps al'atsawa'ts!e-s neis k!aqa'qa-ps aq!uk.Lumac"e s. at tsukuaft.se- at laqa. e'kse- neis 75 tuq!tsqamna'e-s. qawunekc't.se- ya-nxu'se- neis kiak!aku'tats. ta'xas skt'n-kuts yanaxu'se- kiaq!aku'tats, a' a'ke- lalitq!u'kiluma 'ne- ta'xas selk!u'mnaqalalke'ne- nei nasolukue-n. ta'ýca nei nasofukue-n qa1'atelne- kiaq!ano'kwaat. BoAs] KUITENAI TALES 193 Coyote was talking all the time. || He pointed at everything, so that 35 his friend should I not look at the place where he was to step. I Then they had almost arrived at the pit. The pit was I hardly visible because it was a trap. If anything goes along there, I it falls into it; everything-deer, grizzly bear, |i everything-dies there in the pit. 40 The friends went there. | They arrived; and while Coyote was pointing at different things, I he pushed his friend. He threw him into the pit. I Coyote looked, and said: "Hya, friend! I shall have no I way of getting you out, for the pit is deep." He just said so on purpose. |i He said to him: "Throw up your clothing, I then I'll get 45 you up." Coyote pulled I his friend slightly. He could not get him up with his tail. His blanket I was his tail. Therefore he told him that he could not do any more, I but he was telling him a lie. He did not pull. Then Tree Chief 1I threw up his war bonnet. 50 He threw up everything. I Then he was without clothing. Coyote said: "Spit up your spittle." | Then Tree Chief had no more spittle. I It became sea shells. | A sparrow hawk was sitting on his head. When I he spat, his spittle changed into shells, and \ the sparrow 55 hawk ate them. When | Coyote had taken everything, he left. He had I a shield. He had a tomahawk. He had a war bonnet. He had the sparrow hawk. His clothing was fringed. 11 He arrived at the town. He came out on a prairie, I and shouted. 60 The people said: "Oh, Tree Chief has arrived!" I He was coming along. He came nearer, and arrived at I the town. He was told: "There is the tent of the chief!" They thought I that he was coming to marry the chief's |I daughter, according to what the chief had said. 65 He entered, and the place was ready prepared for him, I because he was a chief. His wife I was glad when he came. The girl did not know I that he was Coyote. He had staid at this town already. I When he came back, she did not know that he was (not) her husband. || She was glad. Coyote sat down. He had the sparrow hawk. | 70 When he spat, the sparrow hawk would fly down I to eat the shells. Then it flew back | to his head. When his sisters-in-law knew that I his spittle was thus, they took it, and 11 the bird would not eat any 75 -more. It was not long before the sparrow hawk was starving. I Then Coyote let the sparrow hawk starve, and he had no saliva. I Now, the chief had made a mistake. I The name of the chief was Golden Eagle. I 85543~-Bull. 59-18- 13 194 194 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY UL.9 ['BTJLL, 59 (C) WOLF RESCUES TREE CHIEF Qao'sa'qa',na ni fbimll'cqanc qa'k.lik ka'ake-ns. qasts!o-'m80 qaqa'ane k!ana'ktse-k si' aqal' ate'ne- ka'ake ns. kanmP 'yet.s ts!ena'xe a,'kenok,,we 'it!e s ka 'akb 'n. laxa 'xo- n'umetsle.A~t.se. q aiwi 'yne- ktsxalha'qa qa 'psinr la'nyonawetske 'kine- neis aak!a'ame s. ll'U'P~rallb sanaqana 'kse- lka'm-u 's tsa~ qona'se-. qaklne ": mts!lcetana'Pane." qalwiykiina'pse neis 85 lka'm-u's: "maats u'plo'. lats!cname'le- t.lnamo'jne-s. hentsxalts!kakikma'lne-." lats!cna'xe- ka'ake-n. lalaxa'xe' aa,'ket.la'e-s. qake'lne tenamu"e-s: "hults!enaxala,"e-s. sao"'sa~qa'ane" lka'm-u kaa'ken.okueftimil. hutsxal' akakjnala'ane.-" ta'xas ts nake'kine telnaniio'utimo. k.la,'xam tseika'te nei tclna 'm u 90 neisslka'mir-'s. qalwi'yne- pal selqa'psqakesqle'lne k!a'k!lanraq!o'xuina~e 'et. qalwi'yne- nei lka'm-u: "halwa'ts!k-e d qa'la ho ' paks i' esenltsukua/taap tsxal'e'nec ka pa'pa." ta'xas qake'ine- nef tdlna'mu's: "hula'lwatshna'la. qou qa'ova'n kinlts!ka'kitsme'ke-n'. ka'min ne1 hutsqao~xa'xe- a' 'ke huts95 xaltskake'tsme-ke'n ex qala ho'pa us n' csn4 -axa'kitsme'ke-n tsxaltsukua'te-. na 'pit ho 'pa k hen' c'siniltso fukuat hentsxal'upc'lne-. na 'pit hun' e'sinilwa'sil axa'kitsme'ke n ts,-al'e'n ekapa'pa." qake'in6' ka'ake-n: "ho'ya." qalwi'yne- ka'ake-n: "Cpal keilsa'han na lka'mu. kutsxalq!akpake'txo-." ta'xas 100 nalwa'ts!ne* tclna'muts nul'a'qana. ts!naketsmekc'ne. xi'n a nei tt'tqa-t! pal tsxalts!ena-'kine-. nei telna'mu qats!e-ketsme-- ke'nw. naq!a'naq!afb'llb. ta'xas qa'kxalwasaqana"ne- ne, tthia'mu. nei nul'a'qana la'qawasa, qana' ne-. qaha'le n' qayaaqa'naq!ale'yne- nei tcl-na'mu neis aa'k!a'ame -S- selkene'ise* neis Ika 'mu -'s 105 nakunkc'ne. n'e-lqawkakt'n-e. nei nul'a'qana ta'xas a'a'keqayaaqanaq!ale'yne-; lo'use- neisslka'm-u's. qake'1nae,: "ya: hoyu'k!kuaakafte-." ta'xas laana'kessca"mne. tseika'te nets lka'm-u's telna'mu. qalwi'yne-: "p ' k!aks maon'u'px~ane- k! a'k!lan-aq!o'xumale*'et nas tsEmak!qa'kesqle'lne' neis ke'e-n ka'110 mu's." ta'xas lats!ena'xe- aa'ket. la'e -s ka'ake n. lasoukuenIve aa'ken-ukwe'it!e s. k.lalaxa'lkin neis lka'm-u's nei ttlna'm-u ta'xas n'cktuqou'ne-. sukulq!u'kune- ka'qaps papa'e s. (d) TREE CHIEF PROVIDES FOOD FOR HIS GRANDPARENTS Ta'xas to',,1ýua wclqa"neo neiI, lkam-u. qake'lne- papa"e-s: "4kapa'pa, ke'11o- aa'kenq!a'lqa?" qak.la'pse-: "a: kapa'pa, 115 lo'une nei n'ula'qana. " qake'lne' neis lka'm-u's: " kaas xma k! aaqa'ke jka'ke ii?" n'etskc'ne- nei telna'm-u wu'kqunetsaqona'se-. namate'ktse- papa"e-s. n'itkc'rre t!aqu'mo's nei lka'm-u. nanawetsk~o'ne;7 latkake'-e-. q! ap::o'usc- wc'suk!t5. lu,"nte- a'a'ke la-ana'wetsk!o'une'. latkake'nwe. a'atke laq! ap 330ASI JeQAS] KUTENAT TALES15 195 (C) WOLF RESCUES TREE CHIEF An old man named Wolf lived there. He was an expert 11 hunter. 80 Therefore he was named Wolf. In the morning Wolf J started for his trap. He got there, and it was broken. I He thought that there must be something in his trap.I He looked down into the pit and saw a small child sitting there. I He said to him: "You soiled this place for me." The child caused him to think: 11 "Don't kill me. Go back to your 85 wife,I then come back with her." Wolf started back, and arrived at his tent. He said to his wife: "Let us go! There is Ia child in my trap. We will take him out." Then I the couple went. They arrived, and the old woman looked 11 f or the child.- She thought his eyes looked 90 like those of Tree Chief.I The child thought: " Bet whoI will get me first. He shall be my grandparent." ThenI the old woman said: "Let us bet! Go over thereI and start to dig, and I'll go here and 11 I will a~dso begin to dig. Whoever first gets down to himI shall take 95 him. If you take him first, you may kill him. I If I get him first, he shall beI my grandson." Wolf said: "Well." Wolf thought: I "The child is bad; I will kill him. " Then 11 the old woman and her 100 husband raced digging. Oh,!I the man was digging f ast! The woman was not digging fast. I She nodded her head. Then the old woman began to dig f ast,I and her husband was not f ast. The old woman just went through to the pit. She felt of the child I and pulled him 105 out. She pulled him away. Then the old man also pushed his hand through, but there was no child. He said: " Ya,I I missed it." Then both went out. The old woman looked I at the child. She thought: "Long ago I saw Tree Chief.I His eyes were like those of this 11 child." 110 Then Wolf went back to his tent. He fitted up I his trap. When the old woman brought back the child, I she washed him. She was glad to have a grandson. (d) TREE CHIEF PROVIDES FOOD FOR. HIS GRANDPARENTS Then the child was almost grown up. He said to his grandmother: "Grandmother, is there no sinew? " She said to him: " 0 grandson! 11 there is none here." The old man said to the child: "Where 1 115 should he get it from?" The old woman looked for it and found I a small piece. She gave it to her grandchild, and the child made a netted ring. I He held it outside on the point of a stick. He brought it in, and it was loaded with birds.' I He took them off and held it IlA bird smaller than a robin, yellow at the tips of the feathers, with a single feather on top of its head. 1.96 196 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BVLL. 59 120 zxo',se wi'suk!us. qakc'lne- papa"e-s: "kapa,'pa". qanawitske'kinew nei tilna'm u. sin moxuna'kse- tuq!tsqa'mna-'s. qak.la'pse "ctkc'iven' kul'ikina'la." suku'ilq!u'kne- ne1 tilna'm-u. Kanme-'yit.s qaki'lne- papa"e-s: "ke'do a,,k! a'-q! yu qayaaqa'la-m?" qake'ine- nei tilna'mu: "lo'une-." qake'ine- nei 125 nul' a'qana: "tulna 'm u kins,,waka'wisilk '.nke ts xma ksila 'qaps." n'itski'lne- nei tilna'm-u. n'u'pcane- sawitsqa'pse-. qake'lne-: "nas n'in-e tsaquna'neQ'" qake'jnenei lka'm-u: "pa-- me -k tskaki'ne nW." n'itki'n -e -t! aqo'mo -'s nei lka'm-u. n' analki'n-e-.nuk!ui'nki'n-e laq!an--,o'11nals qo's a:nialqa'ha ks qao'130 xa'xe-. qaki'lne -papa' 'e.s: "hints! i'link! oma'tek." tst!inaqa'yteneis t!aqo'mo-'s qo11s aa'k!alaxwe-et.s. qaki'lne- neis t!aqo-'mo ' s: i a'me-k hints!i'luqlaxo'une* nei null'a'qa.na. at qatslak.la'pane-." qaowxaq~ta'yne- ne1 t!a--qo'mo. qake'ine- ne1 nitsta'halna'na: "yu'wa, yu'wa, yu.'wa, kapa'pa. tsxal'aakoni'/sine* 135 iya'mo." nalok~mi'se-. qa.ok,,noxa"mne- nei tilna'muts nei nul'a'qana. n'ok!uinq! alki'n-e-si't!es.S n'u.'P-ane- iya'm-o's pal siltka'umlasXU 'Se' aa'kit.la'e s. ta'xas to'xUa ts!a,,kuna'pse*. nei nitsta'halna'na qunaakina/'x ne-. n' upi 'me. laqaovxa'xe-. qake'lne-: "kapa'pa. ta'xas omitse'itke-1." n'uk11noxa mne* 140 nei tilna'm~u. n'u'p::ane- sakqa'pse- qaya,,qa'la'ms. sukuilq!u'kunex. ta'xas n' omitse'ite-. qaki'ne- papa"e-s: "maats yi'k!tan' aa'k wum-a'lq!ol la'ntaoxaki'ne-n', a'ake a 'ku'qla'm." n'oqou:ýaki'ne ya't! aps. qakei'ne-: "kapa'pa, a'a'kela'ntaoxaki'nwen'." ta' xas tilna'rn u n' itk! ani'ne-. n'itmla145 se'ite*. tsilmi'yet.s q!o'lmne'jne-. wu'na-ms n'uk1nuxa,"mne- nei nitsta'halna 'na. qaki 'lne-: "kapa'pa, hutsxal'ei'kine-kilku 'Ika." qake'ine ne teilna'mu: "lo'une- kilku'lka." qake'ine- nei lka'm-u: "ma kinla'ntaaxa'ke-n. tseika'te n'." qaowxa'xe- ne, tilna'm-u. tseika'te- neis aa,'kuwum-a'lq!o Is. n'inqapta'kse 141-- 150 ku'lka's. qaseluk!o'uktse- papa"e-s a'ake- nei nul'a'qana. a/'a'ke- n'i'kine kilku 'Ika's. kanmi 'yit qake-'ine- nei nitsta'halna'na: "kapa'pa, ke'ilo aak!a'aq!iyu. lu'kpo-." qake'ine-: "iClo'une-."Y qake'ine- ne1 nul'a'qana: "ma ka'qaps. lka'm-u hamati'ktse'n'." n'itski'lne. wu'kqane-. qake'lne- papa'ye s: "naaS 155 n'e'n~e tsa'quna'ne-." qaki'lne- papa"e-s: "pa:'me-k tskaki'nwen'." namatiktsa'pse-. n'utki'n-e a:nwulqa'pse- t!aqo'mo-'s neis ma qa'kiyaaqaki'n-ke-, a'a,,ke- laqaki'w-e neis wa'lkuwas kloo'pi qaya,,qa'la ' ms n' i'nse- si t!es. nei nitsta'halna'na neistsousaanmiyi't.ske k!o'pil lu'kpo 's n'itki'n-e-sit!ise s papa"e s. 160 Neis yaaqaanit.laa,'ke- le-'jne-s aa,,kinme'tuks qaak. luname 'sine neists qa'o xaltsukuatka 'ane- ski 'n ku tsv ne1 nitsta'hal qake'lnepapa"e-s: "kapa'pa; hamate'ktsu kilku'lka. hutsts! nyaxaa,k!o'une-." namatiktsa'pse- papa"e-s kilku'lka-ps. pee'k!*aks in'u 'pne ne1 *no, tsta'halna 'na ne..s aa_ knmi 'uks tsoal' u 'px-an WASI X-UTEXAI TALES 197 out again. He took it in, and again 1 it was loaded with birds. He 120 said to his grandmother: "Grandmother!" I The old woman looked, and there was a pile of birds.I She was told: "Prepare them. Let us eat." The old woman was glad.I In the morning he said to his grandmother: " Is there no keg skin of a yearling buffalo calf?" The old woman said: "There isn't any." The old man said: 11 "Old woman, do you bring it, that there 125 may be some!"I The old woman looked for it. She saw some. She said to him: I "Here it is. It is a little piece." The child said:I "Give it, anyhow." The child made the netted ring. He took it out. I He opened the door a little farther. He went there. 11 He said 130 to his grandmother: "Cover your head with your blanket." Then he began to roll I the netted ring to the door. He said to the ring:I "Surprise them a little; the old man does not like me."I Then the netted ring rolled along there. The boy said: J " Go away, go away, go away, grandmother! The game will hook you." 11 There was noise 135 of running, but the old woman and the I old man would not get up. When he threw back his blanket, he saw the game I jumping into the tent. It was about to hook them. Then the I boy threw his lance and killed it. He went there. He said to her: " Grandmother, cut it up." The old woman arose, I and saw a yearling. She was glad. 1 140 Then she skinned it. He said to his grandmother: "Don't I spill the guts. Put them behind in the tent, and also the hair." I She put the coagulated blood inside. He said to her: " Grandmother, put it also behind in the tent." I Then the old woman cut it up and dried the meat. I In the evening they slept. Early next morning the boy 145 arose, and he said: "Grandmother, I'll eat pemmican."I The old woman said: "There is no pemmican." The I child said: "You put it away. Look!" The old woman went there.I She looked at the guts. They had become pemmican. 11 His grandmother took a piece, 150 and also the old man, I and they all ate pemmican. In the morning the boy said: I " Grandmother, is there no edge piece of the skin of a buffalo cow?" She said: I "There is none." The old man said: "There is some; give it to the child." I She looked and found it. She said to her grandson: " TherQ is a 11 small piece." He said to his 155 grandmother: "Anyway, give it to me." I She gave it to him. He made a larger netted ring, I the same as bef ore, and he made it in the same way as the day before, when he killed I the yearling. That was his blanket. On the same day the boy I killed a cow and made a blanket for his grandmother. 11 Across the river from where the tent was there was the townI 160 where Coyote was married. The youth said toI his grandmother: "Grandmother, give me pemmican; I'll draw water."I His grandmother gyave him p~emmican. I The, youth knew already ha tli, t he 0 0.~p *Z - CD - C C ~~% * OD CD.~ v CD CD n C PD4 p ID CD 0 tCý ), 9D ct M ~ -. BOAsl BKUTENAI TALES 199 river he was going to see 11 the chief's daughter. He took the pemmi- 165 can, started, I and went to the river. He saw the girl and gave it to her. He said to her: "Take it back home and eat it. Don't let that man see it. I If your mother asks who owns this pemmican, say to her, 'The one who draws water all the time gave it to me.' " 1 Then the girl started back. She was the daughter of the I chief 170 Golden Eagle. The youth also went back. I In the morning he said to his grandmother: "Is there no leg part of the skin I of a bull?" The old woman said: "There is none." The old man said: I "There is some; give it to the child." She found it I| and gave it to him. She said to him: "Here! It is small." 175 He said: "Even though it is small, give it to me." He made a large netted ring. I He worked his manitou power; and although the edge of the skin was small, I it became a large netted ring. He did the same way I as he had done with the yearling. Just as he had done that, he killed the bull. II Then the old man also had a blanket. 180 There was a painting in the center of it. I When she had put the coagulated blood in the skin and put it away, and when she brought it out the next day, it was tanned, I and there was a painting in the center of the blanket. Then the grandparents and the grandson all had blankets. I They had much pemmican and many II parfleches. | 185 Hie said to his grandmother: "Give me pemmican. I'll draw water. I I'll eat it on my way." I She said to her grandson: "You eat it too quickly." He said to her: "I give it to the water carrier." I Then he went to draw water. When he came to the water, l| the girl 190 also came. He gave it to her. He said to her: "Eat it. | If your mother asks you who gave it to you,.then I say to her, 'That one gave it to me himself who goes to the river to draw water.' " He said to her: I "Don't give any of it to the man, your I elder sister's husband." [| (e) TREE CHIEF VISITS THE TOWN OF GOLDEN EAGLE The people in that town were very hungry. There were no I buffa- 195 loes. Tree Chief had hidden them. | He was angry at Coyote. Therefore he had hidden the buffaloes. He said to the girl: "Tomorrow prepare I my seat; I'll go to your tent." The girl went back. II When she entered the tent, she gave the pemmican to her 200 mother. | Then she ate. Her father also ate, and I she gave some to her elder sister, Coyote's wife, while I Coyote lay asleep. He felt uneasy. He looked sideways I at his wife. He said to her: "Itlooks as though you were eating something." II His wife did not look at 205 him. Her mother said: "Who owns I this pemmican?" She said to her: "The one who always draws water gave it to me." I Chief Golden Eagle thought: I "Now I'll see who owns what I eat." 200 200 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYtEL.5 [BULL. 59 kiaq!anu'kwa-'t. lukuc'n*e* aa q!u'k.lupqa"e s. n'cktikme'tex. 210 qaancts!lac'nse- qawaxame'tex. n'rnqapta'kse- kiaq!anu'kua-'t.s. uris at qakal'itkc'w-e kiaq!allU kua-'t.s; si' aqaqa'pse- kqa'k.lik kiaq!anufkua-'ts. tsxca'w-ex qake'riwe: "naas swcttsq!anu-'nekiaq!anu 'kua-'t. mexa'ke-I q!a 'pe- Ika'm uts netsta'ha-Its kwe'Iqa te'tqa-t!ts ku-a'k.1e- te'tqa-tL qa'la rt'e'tk!o- ts~za1'ense215 telnamu"wos kaswe'nmilI. ma k!ok!qa'pw-'s." ta'xas q!a'pe- tsukuate'Inw t!a'wu. n'anaixa' mna'mmv- nej aat'kik.lo'una-m pal kuwelkio lila in. yunaquwu'mne lIka'm-uts netsta'halts te'tqa~t!ts ku-a'k.le-, q!a'pw- mebca'lnex. qake'inw- kiaq!anu'kua-'t. "at tsxal'o'k!q!anq!axu'4wa'lne-."' ta'cas mebtza'lnw-. 220 ske'n ku ts if o-k!uilmeftxane, me'txcane, me'txanex0 ta'zxas numatsnate'lne' ske'wku-ts. ta'pts q!a'pe ruebya'lnex. lo'unek!e'sk!ox. n'n'P--,ane k!a'k!lanaq!o~xu male ' et ksakilmibja'le-'s kiaq!ano'kua-'t.s. qatsxanate'lnw- pal ktsaqu'na. qalwiyna mnin kqa-'nkqa'kana. tsexr5pk!a'qal'u'ps-anw- nets k!aqane'ke-ts. 225 n'etke'nwe t!awunana'w-s aatk!nana'w-s. ts!ena'ce;. qaot~ca'?-e. laxya'~xr nets aatkek.luna'mw-'s, pal q!a'pe k~lalaha'quwom. n'yupyca'lnw qous qaka'xgw lka'm rn slaatqa'n mitaak!one'le t qous yesalha'quwome 'skw- qo,,sts qakeikaq!axo 'u'qnw-. samna 'ne- k!u'p~a neis lka'mw's. ske'w-ku-ts n'u'k!u~ilslaha'ti230 yilme'bsanex me'tzYa'ie qaha-'Ien lamoe'tz.ýcane- ske'ivku-ts neists kenme'bca-'s lka'm-u's n'up:aale 'sine, nei lka'mrn n'esk!o'unw nets kiaq!anu'kua-'ts. skeikmitk!o'unex iaU'P:ýcane ske'w-ku ts skeilkmu'xos. metyaqa,,nex k!okaQxus n'uq!iyunke'we I1'U'p2.(a, ne* nets kqa'wnis a'k!w-s. n'a'kaq!alke'-e- a'k!e-s, lo'qualqana235 q!alke'nte. lahotsenqkupeke'me-k. lahalk!o'unex. qake'ine.: "lnawa'spa I, nawa'spa I." welke'inex q ake'lnw- nawaspa'l'w-s: "hon'itk!o'une' kiaq!anu/kua-'t."~ n'uk!ue'ine- te'tqa-t! qake'lne': "Iskew-ko ' Uts, at qo uquaakilso fukue ii' naaqane'ke t ka,,,s kse'l'en tseika'tw-n'; n'en-e kts!e'q!la en kena'lk!o- qous selk!o 'one240 lka'm'u ma ksel'e'tko." tseika'tw- ske'rvku-ts nets ka'lk!o-, pal n'e'nse- kts!e'q!la's. ta'xas numatsena'nme nets k!aqa'qana ske'n ku ts. qalwi'yne. a/ ake- ktsl atsu ukua t kiaq!anufkua ' ts swen'e' se's, pal kk!omna'ane-t kiaq!anu'kua-'t.s kqa'lwiy xma 4a'tsnilsale'tet sWen'e'se~s. ta'icas latinaxya'mna 'mne245 aatket.la"nain. qakiya'mnw-: "pal seltsaquna'ne- nei lka'm u ktsxalha'qaps telnamu"e-s." me'ksan kiaq!anu/kua -'t qalwi'yn": 1"me'ka ktsaqu'na ne1 lka'mou kutstso~ukuat. kts-ýa'lins nul'aqana'w-s ka'swi 'n." Ta'xas tselmP-'yit q!o'mne na'mne- k.lala'xa' m k!a'k!lana250 q!o'4umale' tt papa"e-s laalke'ne- kiaq!anufkua-'t.s. qak.la'pse- papa"e.s "~qa'la k!e'sinil'etk!o?" qake'inw- "ka'min." qak.la'psw: " qapsins kensel'itk~oumo T' qake'lne': "naas n''e kat!a'wu." pal ktsaqu'uw-'s neiss tawu'Xrs. qialwi'ynw 1101 TOAS] KUTTENAI TALES 201 Golden Eagle went out, I took a feather of his body, and threw it up. 1| There was a tree. Where he threw it, (the feather) became an 210 eagle. I He always used to make eagles, and therefore his name was I Golden Eagle. He spoke, and said: "Here on the tree I a golden eagle is sitting. Let all the children, youths, I big men, and old men, shoot at it! Whoever kills it shall 1I marry my daughter, the one who 215 remains." Then they all I took their bows. The people of that town went out. I It was a big town. There were many boys, youths, I men, and old men, and all shot at it. Golden Eagle said: | "Every one shall have one shot." Then they all shot. 1I Coyote shot once. He 220 shot, shot. Then I they laughed at him. They all shot, but no one I hit it. Tree Chief knew that they were shooting I at the golden eagle. He was not told about it because he was small. They thought I he would not be able to do it. He just discovered through his manitou power what was happening. 1I He made a small bow and 225 a small arrow. He started. He went there. I He arrived, and all the people were outside. I They saw the boy coming, shooting away while-he was coming along. I Then just from the edge where they were he shot. I Only a few saw the boy. Coyote was still shooting, II shooting. Coyote just shot again. When I the child shot, they knew 230 that he had hit I the golden eagle. It fell down. Coyote saw it fall down. I He ran after it. When it reached the ground, he took hold of it. He I saw that it was not his arrow. Then he took out his arrow and exchanged it (for Tree Chief's arrow). II He began to run. 235 He had (the bird) on his arrow. He said: | "Father-in-law, father-inlaw!" lHe shouted. He said to his father-in-law: I "I killed the golden eagle." One man said to Coyote: "i Try to be sensible. Whatever may have happened, this is not it. I Look at it! It is a prairie chicken you are carrying. There, that II boy has it on his arrow. 240 He shot it." Coyote looked at what he was carrying. I It was a prairie chicken. Then they all laughed at what Coyote had done. I He thought he would take Eagle's other I daughter, because he had fooled Golden Eagle before. He thought he I ought to marry both his daughters. Then all went into 1] the tent. They said: "The 245 boy I is too small to have a wife." But Golden Eagle thought: I "Even if the boy is small, I'll take him to be I the husband of my daughter." I At night, when the people slept, Tree Chief's II grandmother came. 250 She carried the golden eagle. J His grandmother said to him: "Who killedit?" Hesaid: "Idid." I She said to him: " What did you kill it with?" He said to her: "With I my bow here." His bow was 202 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL..59 255 te1na'm-u: " ta'xas, naqan tslama'tap kapa'pa pal kqa'e-n k-lk'tk!am kiaq!anu'kua 't naso'ukue-n. qa. e'nsilqao "Ia-." Kwalkwa 'ycts ts!enyaxak!o 'one. Ia. u'p2.ý'ale- neis na. u'te 's. qake'Ine.: "kanmi-'yit kiyu'kiyit hutslaxa'xiex" n'upZ~are9 nei na.u'te- neis k!c'tk!o-'s kiaq!anufkua-'t.s neists 260 ke'ens neis at ke'saps kelku'lka-'s. tat'xas lats!ena-'xe. kanmiP'yit. s qake'Ine- papa"e-s: "ta'xas hutsxaI ama 'Ltske'Ine-. wa'Ikuwa nei kuwa'lke-n kiaq!anu'kua-'t n'~n-e- kohoqua/ka nailwats!na'mne-. hunoquaqa-"ne- pa'Ike1 hutsxalts!ena'xeQ'" qake'ine- nei telna'm-u: "qa'Ia suwe'n'ws?" qake/ine, nei 265 netsta'halna'na. "kiaq!anufkua-'t swe'n' es." qake',ine- ne, telna'm-u: "Iqa'e~n naso-'ukue-n xma hoquaha'mate'sine-." n'ila'w-e nei telna'm u qak.Ia'pse ap"e-s: masts e"la-n'. huts-y.alqam ate fsine-." qake'ine- nei telna'm-u: "ktruts~rala'blzo aa'ku'1a-k?" qake'1ne, nei netsta'halna'na: "kan270 mi*'yit tsxalyu-naqa"ne a.'kuIa-k nei aa,'kik.Iu' 'na m. hutsxaI'etke'n~e." qake'1ne- nei telna m-u: "so'ukune-. tdlnamuflne-s tsxaltskaya'xue- aa,,ku'Ia-ks. ts.Tal'tkine- kiaq!anu'kua't." TselmP-'yit.s ta~as ts!ena'xe- nei netsta'halna'na. n'an275 tsuza'Te*. ta'xas, Ia.etkc'nme-k nei,s ma yaaqaqa'ake- neis. qa wesa'qa ma'es~. laqaqa"ne- naqoka"mse- aakoqla"nt!e-s. naqa 'pse qasna'I'e-s a'a,'ke Ilahaqa'pse aakinuqle'it!e-s. naqa 'pse poponana 'es. Iahaqa'pse aakiyukua'e-s; Iahaqa'pseak.Ia'm'e-s kiak!aku'ta-t.s a'a,'ke Ila.c'nse aatq~uk.Iuma'e-s 280 k!u"mtsaks. ta'xas q!a'pe-'s Iahaqa'pse- neis ma yaqaqa'pske aak.ete't!e-s, neis kqao"sa'qa ma'e s. ta'xas ts!ena'xeaa'kik.Iuna'me-s; aa'ke Ila.t'n-e- kuwe'qa netsta'hals. ktina'xam aa'kenuqle 'et. s naqts!elu~kua'amik. nulpalne'ine- qous aa 'kik. luna'me s. qakiya'mne-: "ho 'ya-'s, seIwa'xe k!a'k!Ia285 naq!o>'1male -'et." tseikatc'Ine-. i' up~a'Ine ska'xe-. ta'xas, n' anaxa'mna/mne-. qawaqa'xe-. qakilc'ne': "qous, sn'ct.Ia'ane: nasofukue-n."~ qa.oho'lne- neis, wa'Ikuwa-'s ma k!e'tk!o' kiaq!anu'ku a -t.s. me'ksan nel na.u'te a'akekiaq!alu 'kua 't nI' p'~ale. neists, ke 'cns nejs wal'I290 kuwa's ma k!e'tk!o-'s kiaq!anulkua-'t.s. ta'xas nei na.u'tet!axo 'ne laxa. e'se s suk.hekinate'tine,tsxalyaaqan'qanake'ske0nul'aqana"e-s. ta'xas, qona'xe*. tenaxa-"mne-. pet'kaks, nulekna.e'tse' aatkmoxo'e-s. ta'xas, n'esakinu'ne- pc'k!aks net na.u'te n'etke'n e * ts~alyaaqaawetsq!anu'ske- kiaq!a295 ku'ta'*t.s. sanqa'me-k ske'wku-ts. ta'xas n' a'sane- ki'haat kiaq!aku 'ta ' t.s suwe'timo. at wuneke 't. se- n'eIqanmetq!ok.lemak!o'umik, at n'cnqapta'kse- k!u"matsaks, at t!alo'ukune- kiaq!aku'ta-'t. at n'unanoxpi'ne-. at n'4kinew ne.;sqk!u' mtsaks. ta'xas ske'n 'ku ts sa nilwi 'yne. nalnu 'kp~ne-. BOAS]I KUTENAI TALES 203 small. I] The old woman thought: "Now my grandson may leave me, I 255 because Eagle Chief was not without high rank. I Maybe he did not do it." I In the evening he went to get water, and again he saw the girl. I He said to her: "To-morrow at noon I shall come." The girl knew I that he had shot the golden eagle. II It was he who had given her 260 pemmican. Then she started again. I On the following day he said to his grandmother: "I shall give you ( the golden eagle that I brought yesterday. This is what I won I by playing. I won a woman. I shall go there." I The old woman said: "Whose daughter is she?" The youth said: II "She is Golden Eagle's daughter." The old woman 265 said: I "If he were not chief, I should not give you up." I The old woman cried. Her grandson said to her: "Don't I cry! I shall not leave you." The old woman said: I "Do you want to carry meat along?" The boy said: || "To-morrow there will be much meat in 270 that town. I I shall make it." The old woman said: "It is well. I Your wife will come for meat. The eagle will eat I it." I In the evening the boy started. II He went behind the tents. He 275 made himself look the way he used to be I when he was with his mother. His clothing was fringed. I He had a shield and he had a tomahawk. I He had a little hammer and he had a war bonnet, and I on his" head was a sparrow hawk. His saliva was |I shells. He had 280 everything that he used to have I when he was with his mother. He started I for the town, and he was a large youth. I When he came out of the prairie, he shouted, and the people in the town heard it. I They said: "Well, Tree Chief arrives." I1 They looked at him, and 285 they saw him coming. Then I they went out. He arrived. He was told: "Thereisthe I chief's tent." On thedaybefore, I when heshot the eagle, he was not recognized. Only the girl and I Golden Eagle knew that he was the one who had I1 shot the golden eagle on the pre- 290 vious day. Then the girl I shook his bed. She prepared the seat where her husband was to sit. Then he went there. He entered. 1 His place was prepared. He sat down. i The girl had prepared the place for Sparrow Hawk to sit down. I Coyote was sitting there. Then there were two I friends who had each a sparrow hawk. After some time he spat, I and his saliva turned into shells. I The Sparrow 295 Hawk screeched, flew down, and ate I the shells. Then Coyote was angry. He was ashamed. [1 204 204 ~ W~JflEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL. 59 (f ) TREE CHIEF PROVIDES FOOD FOR THE PEOPLE 300 Tselmi-'yits kq!o-"mne' n' u'p-3ane' k!a'k!Ianaq!o'x,,male-"et nowas' rame 'sine * ueis aa kik.luna'me's. wc'na-ms qakc'hietelnamu "e 's: "hents~alqake'hlne su-"ne's, tsxaltseika'te' aa'kupa'Ikei: "qakiya'mne' kentstse'ikat aa,'kuq!lilme"uis." ta'xas 305 kiaq!anufkua-yt tseika'te' a,'~kuq!lclme'e's. ny''p:ýaflC' yuflalc'kse- In kpo "s. n' anaxa"'mne' kipa'Ineke'me 'k. qake 'ine' netsta'halne "nte 'k: "lalsEma'k!ke'ne'ia' aa,'kuqla-'Iaak." ta'xas, Iat~ma!~ncIne a'kuqla'Iaak. qa:na'xe' k!a'k!Ianaq!oxumaIe-'et. skekts!la'nuqle.e't-se'. tsxa'kcI'itqana'aqane' aa'q!uI'c se's 310 lu'kpo's. yunaqa'pse' k!itqana'qa. ta'xas kul'itqana"qa. ta'neis aatq 1u'le -s lu'kpo'- q!a'pe'- n'uwo'kune - n'e-nqa'pte'kI u'kpo' ta'xias nanu~cu' nqa"ne'. ta'ya~s ts!ena'xe'. qa: 'len kiyu'kiy-i't.s ta'xas laxza'xe' aa'kuqla'laa,,ks. n'up.ýa'lne' ska'-ze' yunaqa 'ane' 315 Iu'kpo'. qakiamna'mne': "ska'xe' Iu'kpo' souke'nki-'L maats lsa'ynqa." ta'xas wa'xe' lu'kpo'. ta',y.as qasa'nqa,"ne'. q!a 'pe' wat!qa'me'k. sanmoxo'ume'k Iu'kpo'. yunaqa"'ne- 'ncvqa afl8 -neis aa'kuqla'la'ks. ta'xas qlca'pe' aqlsma'kinek! tsukua'te-. qakiya'mne': "q!a'pe' tsukwa'tkid'I, hentsqaqa'naltsukwatke'lne' 320 aa'ku'qla." ta'xas, tsukuate'lne- q!a'pe' qous yu'fl'O"5 aa'kuq!yume-'n'a "s. laqawaaqalyuwaaka'xe' k!a'kl!lanaq!o'x male "et. n'esakinu'ne'. ta'xas q!a'pe' tsukuate'lne'. kiaq!Ianu'kua-'t nasolukue '11tsukuafte. se'kse' Iu 'kpo "s. n' u'p~rane' nawaspa''e 's qaokua/se-. qo,,s slatinaqana'kse'. ta'xas q!a'pe-'s tsukuat.Ies ' ne' 325 ke'iseks Iu'kpo's. qakc'hie' swc'n'e's: "1pal ku'k-lo'k k!a'k!lanaq!o>:ýumale "et, selqao~ kwa'xe' naas. t' e'ne' ke' ise 'k In kpo'. tsu~kua'te -n'. a'a'ke' sukquwa'ate'. ts.iýal'e'n'e se't!ne's." neis tsk.la'wam k!a'k!lanaq!o>x male-'e't, elna'haks wa'ixe' lu'kpo' n'uk!we"'ne', nul'ak-le',ne', tuna'kane' q!apq!ulqa"ne'. a'atke' 330 wat!kaxo'ne' qous na'ataas. qawaakalts!en--o'1me'k at qa.ike'lne' qou kqa'qa pal kslhul'a'k.le'. stl'a'qalqatseik-ate'lne'. n'u'p.ý-ne' k!a'k!la,,naq!o>xumale "et neis k!aqa'keiks nawaspa'l' Cs ktso 'ukuats k!u'k!e-;s ke'isiks Iu'kpo's. ta'xas Ia-una'xe'. qao'xa 'ie' neis ktu',,na'ks lu'kpo-'s q!apq!u'lqaps. wat!kime'te'. qawa335 ka'ýce' telnamu-"e's. qakc'lne': "qa'psins kenseltsofukuat na lu'kpo' pal kiyuna'qa aqlsma'kinek! ýma tsukua'te' qou k~iwa't!kime't. hulqona~ya'la, huts~cal'umitse'lite --" ta'xas qona 'ze' it'umitse ' te'. ta'xas, numatsinata'pse' ske'n 'ku 'ts, k!o'k!ilq I!apq!~u'lqaps' ksel'ume'tse'-t. ta'xas tsxa'ane' ske'n'ku'ts. 340 qake'lne': "(qa'psins ken'u'pske'n? at qa.ike'lne' en kqa'qa. ma'te'n' neis skikqa'pse' Iu'kpos ma kseltso'ukuat kiaq!aitu'kua-'t se'kse', at'akc'sukquwa,'atc'. tsxod~slama,'lne' telnamu "ne's.") BOAS]I KUTENAI TALES 205 (f) TREE CHIEF PROVIDES FOOD FOR THE PEOPLE At night, when Tree Chief slept, he knew I that the people in the 300 town were starving. In the morning he said I to his wife: "Tell your father to look at the fortune-telling place." I Then she started. In the morning the woman said to her father: "He says you shall look at your fortune-telling place." Then [1 GoldenEagle looked at his fortune- 305 telling place. He saw many I tracks of buffalo cows. He went out and shouted. Then I the youths said: "Make the buffalo fence strong." Then | the buffalo fence was made strong. Tree Chief went along. I There was a large prairie. He began to pile up the manure of I1 buffaloes, much of the same kind. After he had piled it up, I he 310 shouted at it. He said to it: " Hu, hu; hu, ya!" Then I all the buffalo dung arose and became buffalo cows. ( Then he rounded them up. Then he started. Just as soon as he arrived I at the buffalo fence, he saw many buffaloes coming. II The people told one another: " The buffa- 315 loes are coming. Be careful! Don't I let them disperse!" The buffaloes arrived. They did not disperse, and they all I went over the precipice. They were piled up. Many buffaloes filled up I the buffalo drive. Then all the people took them. I They said: "Take everything. Take even' l the skin." Then they were all taken up the hillside. | 320 Tree Chief came up the hill. I He sat down, and all were taken. Chief Golden Eagle I had taken the fat of the buffaloes. He saw his son-in-law, I who did not go down. He remained sitting on top. Then all the I1 fat buffaloes had been taken. (The chief) said to his daughter: 325 "Tree Chief is tired. I Therefore he did not come down. Here is a fat cow. I Take it. It also has good hair. That shall be your blanket." I When Tree Chief came back, one buffalo cow came along behind the others. I It was old, thin, and full of sores. It alsoll slid down from above. It stopped up there. It was so old that 330 it was not good to be eaten, I therefore it was not looked at. Tree Chief knew I what hisfather-in-lawhadsaid whenhe took I onefatcow. Then he went down. He went to I the lean buffalo, the sore one. He let it slide down. I1 His wife came, and he said to her: "Why did 335 you take that I buffalo? There are many people. They ought to take what slides down. I Let us go and skin it!" She went and I skinned it. Then Coyote laughed I at them because theyskinned one sore one. Coyote spoke, I1 and said to him: '"Why do you do that? That kind 340 is not eaten. Leave this cow lying there. Eagle has taken I a fat one with good hair on it for a blanket for your wife." I They did not 206 206 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BVLL. 59 qatseikate'lne- ske'ivkurts. neists k!aqa'ke-. qalwi'yne- kiaq!anu'kua-'t pal kselqa'Iwiyts, ksav 'qana qatsxa 'ne- me 'ksa-'n 345 ske'w~ku'ts nomatsinatka"ne-. ta'xas n'umetse'ite k!a'k!lanaq!o>xuma~e 'et. Namate'ktse- a'k!e s telnamu' e-s k!a'k!lanaq!o'xumale-'et. qake'Ine: at maatS wuXO'umun' a'alItsin a'a,,ke l ka'm-u. " ta'xas n'umiitse itee. tseika'te nasofukue. n qa'las ne'nensu'meJs 350 ke'isiks k!ome'tseits q!a'pe-'s se'kse-. qao'xa'~e- nawaspa'le s. ma ksdl'ume'tseits kuP a'k.1e-'s. tseika'te- pal n'ense u's'me'ks ke'Ise-ks lu'kpo-s. N' U'pTaInf ske'n ku ts neis kama'atkits telnamue'se s aak!e'se 's swu 'e 's. a'Ia~ke- namate'ktse- telnamu"e-s a'k!e-s. qake'lne-: 355 "liawetske'ne n'. mastsat wuco 'umo'n' qa'psin." qa wesqa'psetelnamu"e s k!a'k!lanaq!o'xumale 'et. q!akpa'me k nei pa'lkij neis ma, k!aqa'k.laps nulaqana"e-s. pal ko'wa-s Pxaltsin nfets kMu'p~ca aaku'la-ks. ta'xas n'altse'n-te-k ke'e-k sva"nmo 's. qa.u'p~cne- nei pa'lke, pal selwuwomu'n-e neis kawe'tske-n' aak!s. 360 qana::u'se* pal sel'u'pse-. qake'lne' teAnamu"e-s k!a'k!lanaq!o'xumale-'et: "ma hoqak.le'sine* maats kenlwu'2o.~O neis laqalwuco 'umon' ts aak!s." lawumomu'we, nej pa'lke1 nejs ca'altsins aak!s la.etq!a'nxa"msex. N'u'P-Y-ane- ske'irku-ts nets k!aqane'ke-ts. naas qaha'se365 ya',,Itsins qanaqkupla'lte-. q!akpakib.xo'une-. qake'lne tebiamu "e s: "tqa 'psins kenu'pske-n? maoqak.le'sine- maats kinlwuXo'umo es kaa'ak!mi-l. neis laqalwuxo 'umon'." net pa'lke1 neis laqalwuxomu'n e-. slaha'tkikqa'pse-. laaqa.itq!a 'nxa"mse-. Q ake 'lne' teinamu ' e-s k!a'k!lanaq!o>xumale '4: "qoname'le n' 370 neis kenlqalwuxo,"mo es kaa'ak!miK1 qou x~a'atsin. qa'la, n'esenl-. mntslake'lne-." qao'x a 'xe net pa'lke1 neis qalwoxomu'n-e-nets ak~fs a'altsins. la.itq!a'nxa mse-. ta'xas ske'n-ku ts n'umats1 -nate'lne- neis kiyunaqxowu 'me s. Ta'xas kul'ume'tseit k!a'k!law-aq!o'male-'et qakt'lne-: 375 "ta'xas qou nawesilke'nen' a,'ku'lak kaakct-lanala'e-s." pal keseku'ma'ls qa.alo,,qake'we- net pa'lkei. qake'lne' telnamu "e s k!a'k!lanwaq!o'xumale-'e-t: "toqo,,nalxo'umon' sit!ne'smit-." ta'xas net pa'lkii noqouna-'wesq!owomu'nve se't!e-s. qalwi'ynenej pa'lke1 kts~aly'e'k!ta aa,'kuwum-alq!ols. qak-la'pse: "maats 380 ye'k!ta. qaqa'nalts!enalxo'umo-n' is a'a,'kuwuums." ta'xas net pa'lke, ts!enab.xo'une uneis a 'akuwuiums q a. yek ot a afle aa'q!ul'e' se s. Ta'xas tselmiP'yet.s pal k!esku'ma-ls se't!e-s. net pa'lke1 qalwi'ynw ktsxal'ektu'qo se't!e-s. qak.la'pse-nul-aqana "e s: "maats 385 ektii'qo-n'. qaqa'nal'upake'ne-n'; a',,'ke- net a'a,,kuwum no1 qa'qaps aa'q!u'l'e-s a'a,'ke- upake'nen'; a','ke nej a,'ku'qla BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 207 look at Coyote, (and did not listen to) what he said. Golden Eagle thought: I "He wants it, therefore he did not speak." But 11 Coyote 345 laughed at them. Then Tree Chief I skinned it. Tree Chief gave his arrow to his wife. I He said to her: "Don't touch it! Don't touch the dogs and children with it!" Then I he skinned it. The chief looked (to see) who had most II fat when they 350 scraped off all the fat. He went to his son-in-law. I He was skinning the old cow. Then he saw that it was I the fattest buffalo. I Coyote saw that his friend had given his arrow I to his wife, and he also gave his arrow to his wife. He said to her: I| "Keep it. Don't 355 let it touch anything." j The wife of Tree Chief stood there. The woman forgot I what she had been told by her husband. When her hungry dog I saw the meat, it tried to eat the blood. I The woman did not know that she touched it vith the arrow that she was holding;|I (but when she did so, the dog) fell down and died. Tree Chief said 360 to his wife: I "I told you not to touch it. I Touch it again with your arrow." The woman touched the dog I with the arrow, and it came to life again. I Coyote saw what had happened. He passed by jI a dog, struck it, 365 and killed it. He told his wife: j " Why did you do that? I told you not to touch it I with the arrow. Touch it again with it." The woman I touched it again, but it still lay there. It did not come to life again. I " Tree Chief said to his wife: "Go there and II touch the dog with my 370 arrow! Whoever owns a dog likes it." I The woman went there and touched I the dog with the arrow. It came to life again. Then Coyote was laughed I at by the crowd. I Tree Chief said to his wife after she had skinned (the buffalo):1l "Carry the meat there into our tent!" I It was bloody, and the woman 375 did not know what to do. Tree Chief said to his wife: "Carry it in your blanket!" I The woman carried it in her blanket. The woman thought I she would spill the guts. He said to her: "Don't 11 spill 380 them! Carry them in with the stomach." Then I the woman carried the stomach, and did not spill I the guts. I Night came. Her blanket was bloody. Then the woman thought I she would wash her blanket. Her husband said to her: "Don't I| wash 385 it! Just put it aside; and also the stomach I and the guts, put them 208 208 ~BUREAU OF AMEBICAIN ETHNIIOLOGY BL.9 (BULL. 59 oqo,,xake 'ne n'; ya 't! ap a'a,'ke- kenl' upa'k-e n." ta'xas qaqa,na',ne* nei pa'lkei neis ya'qak.la'pske- nulaqana"ews. Ske'w-ku'ts k!u'pza neis k!aqa'qanaps suwu'o~sts atSawa'ts!e's 390 a'a,'ke- qake'lne- telnamu"e-s lqa'qanaps noqouna 'wesq!ouwomu'se* set!e'se-s. ta'xas tselmP'yet.s neis yaaqana'pske. telnamu'timo 's k!a'k!lan-aq!o'x male 'et.s a'a,'ke- qala'tav qnapma'lne telnamu '~e s. Kanmi-'yet. s we 'ma ms k! okunu /xua'm telnamu'timo k! a'k!la395 nsaq!o'x,,male-'et. ta'xas n'e'kinex. qake'Ine- telnamnu"es-. "kaaS ke'en kelk-u'lka hutsxal'e'kine-." qak.la'pse-: tu~cua la'q-a kelku'lka 3" numa'tsine-. qake'lne-: ts'maawnqukuabxo 'une- es kekqa" ne-." qak.la'pse- telnamu"e-s: "~tuxua le'e-n' kelku'Lka ma ri'e'n se a.'q!u'l'e-s." qacke'hie-: "tunwakake'we-n'. kenltse'1 -400 kat." ta'xas nei pa'lkej. tunwaka'qkatke'-e- pal kMane'kels. tseika'tes pal1 n'enqapta'k-se' kelku'lkas. laqa. e'n-se a,,ql~ul'e'se-s lu'kpo-s. ta'xas n'ike'lne'. qake've-: "tunwakake'ne 'n' se't!ne-s." qak-la'pse-: I. tu:Fua la'q-a ksa'kqat; ma n'ok!ue'ine- ma q!apkuma'lne-." qake'lne-:'"tirnwakake 'n e n'. kenltse ' ka-t." tsukua'te405 ne1 pa'lkei neis ma kMe~ku'ma-Is se't!e-s. laqaqouqaqa'-psei' enqapta'kse wi'pinekhs. sukuq!le'lse'. qake'lne- tehiamu "0 s: "aIca /. ke0 no1 ma kin'upo,'ke-n tseika'te-n'." tseika'te ne1 pa Ike1 neis aa,'ku'qlf,'s makVupa'ke-n. n'enqapta'ksekf~etq! an~o'uIes. qayaaqakW~aqf~anq!le'lse-. neis ma kq!apq!u'l410 qaps ma, ksaanqo'uwa-ts, ofk!uquna ma kselhul-a'k-le's neis lu'kpo-s, q!a'pilso'ukse' aaquwat~ese-s. Ta'xas ske'nvku-ts ku~latke'kiilwe'tskei1 swu"e-s yaqaqana/'pske.- ta'xas a'a'ke q&,-4ana'ane'. litilqaqa'pse-. xaSEnm1 -tu'qse' set!e'ses telnamu"e -s, neis aa,'ku'qla-'s ma k!upa'ke-n 415 qaaqala'til'e'w-sew aa'ku'qla-'s; neis a'a'kuwums ma k!upa'kwn qaoqala'tll'e nse aaq1!ul' e'se-s lu 'kpo s. nedla'se- telnamu"e s 11015 k!a'qalk1*umna'anet. qake'lne' neis atsuwa'ts!e-s kloa'k!lanaq!o>x male-'et: "maats lae'i1a n' la. upa"nte.n'." ta'xas 1101 a'Ike1 ske'n-ki-ts telnamu"e-s la.upa"nt.se- neis qa'qalset!e'420 se-s ma,1qxasenlme'tuqs; neis aa'ku'qla's neis aa'kwum-a'lq!ols. me ksa'n kiaq!anu'kua-'t qa:'len ya-qaqa'pske k!a'k!law-aq!o>'xmale 'ets k!e-'tkens, a'a'kew qal' e'tkjnektsa'pse- suk'nikit'nala'psw k!u'p:Fa nawaspa'le-s yaqaqa'pske k!e-'tkens. me'ksa'n naofkVue-'s nawaspa'I'e-s nalnu'kpitsta'pse 11015 425 k!a'qal' alnukpqaaka'te ~ia'Iaaps. Ta-' as neis kwune'kit.s qake'Inew atsuwa'ts!e-s k!a'k!Iana-- q!oN -Tmale-'et: "ta'xas Iatseika'te-n'ne, ken'upa'ke-n. kenl'e'k1 -mal lkam'ne"nte-kkelku'Ika's." tseika'te-no, pa'lke,. pal n'enaqap~ta'kse kelku'Ika's neis ske'n-ku-ts ma kqatal'e'itkin. a'a'ke 430 neiski'a-s se't!e-s,a/a'ake* tseika'te a'a'ke- ýa'tsjnilso',,kse-. ta'xas sdlhok'etke'n-e ke"so~ks qa'pDsins k a'k law-aq!o Nxmaleo'et. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 209 aside too, also the skin; I put the coagulated blood into it and put it aside." Then I the woman did as her husband told her. I Coyote saw what his friend and his sister-in-law were doing, I and 390 he told his wife to do the same. She carried it I in her blanket. When evening came, Coyote's wife did the sameI as Tree Chief's wife was I doing. I Early in the morning Tree Chief and his wife arose. I| Then they 395 ate. He said to his wife: I "Where is the pemmican I'lleat." She said to him: "Is there any I pemmican?" He laughed, and said to her: "You brought it in. ( There it is." His wife said to him: "Is that pemmican? I Those were guts." He said to her: "Bring it out and look at it." II Then the woman pulled it out slowly. It was 400 heavy. I She looked at it, and it had turned into pemmican. There were no more I buffalo guts. Then it was eaten. He said to her: "Pull out your blanket." I She said to him: "Is there one? There was one, but it was all bloody." ] He said to her: "Pull it out and look at it." The woman took I the bloody blanket. It was no more 405 that way. I It had become a new one with beautiful stripes. He said to his wife: I "Look also at the other things we put aside." The woman looked I at the skin which she had put aside. It had become I a tanned skin with a painting in the middle, although it had been full of sores Ij with bad hair, for it had been an old I buffalo cow. 410 Its fur was very good. I After Coyote had watched what his friend was doing, I he did the same, but nothing happened. I His wife's blanket remained stiff, and the skin that she had put aside 11 remained rawhide, and the stomach 415 which she had put aside I remained as before. It was buffalo dung. His wife cried, I because he had given her trouble. Tree Chief said to his sister-in-law: I "Don't cry! Put them back again." Then the woman, the wife of Coyote, put back again her I| own blanket, the rawhide, and the guts, I but Golden Eagle did just the same as Tree Chief. I He did the same to him. He was glad I when he saw what his son-in-law had done, I but his other son-in-law made him ashamed. II He was ashamed on account of what he had done. I After a while, Tree Chief told his sister-in-law: I "Look again at 425 the things you have put aside. Eat I pemmican with the children." The woman looked at it, and it had turned I into pemmican. Coyote had not been able to do it. And there I| were also two blankets. She looked at them, and both were good. Then I Tree Chief finished 430 his good work. I 855430-Bull. 59-18-14 210 210 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BITLL. 51.) TselmP 'yit.s qake'lne- telnamu"e s ske'wku ts: "a: hentsqake 'lne- su ' ne s tsxaltseika'te- aaku'q!liime 'e s." ts!ena'zxe' skc'n-ku ts. tax'as tsxzalselsken-ku 'tstik. wc'na-ms tseika'te435 a,,kuq!lilme'e -s kiaq I!anufkua-It. ket.Ii'kse- qa'psins. latina-. xal~mne-. qana'xev ske'w-ku-ts. skikilhaqa'pse- aaq!ouL'se'-s. tsxa'kil' etqana-'qane-. kul'itqana'aqa ta'xas nalukdfitjya xanelu 'kpo s. qawanaxa"mse- neis aaq!ul' c'se-s lu'kpo 's. qakila'tiyil'tluwa't!te-, pal selqatal'ense' lu'kpo's. lahutsinqkupekc'me-k. 440 Ia qana'xe-. lalaxa'xe-aa'kek.luna'me-s. layuxa'xe aa'koq!yume'w-as. qake'ineo: "kqa'selsa"nqa iya'mu." Welke'ine nleis ke'itsxza. qake'ine-: "wu'ptseil la'psa'ke-so.sa'qapnalkane. nle'kteo k!a'k!larn aq!o'xumale-'et.s neists k!aqa'ke-. (nei kloaqa'kya-m wu 'ptso I at qakya'mne- qawune'ke t. s ktsukuaftka.) 445 ta'xas la.una'xe- aa'kek.luna'mes neis k!a-qa'ke- ske'n-kirts. ta'xas n'umatsnate'lne* pal wa'lkuwas kiyuna'qa lu'kpo k!upc'leil. slaqaqa' ne- kqawanxa"mnam. n' etkene'line- aa'ku 'Ia kts a'ake- aa'ku'qla-. ta'xas ske'w-ku ts latinaxa"mne aa,,,ket.Ia"e s. sLaa:'tkikqa'ane- k!a'k!lanaoq!o'xumale-'et. aa'atke laqaake',ne450 ske'n~kwts neis ma, yaqake'ike-. qous kqaake'jltsxa, aakuq!yume 'n a's n'uk,,nuxa"mse k!a'k!lanoaq!o>xmale-'et qak.Ia 'pse-: " kaa ken' aqa'ke - a'a'ke- laqa,'ke n'. kenletke-kq!a'naqana'meik nei ma, kena'aqapwa'x'mitxo'uiiap ~aakinokwe't!e-s ka'ake-n?~ ta'xas tsukua'te aa,,kuk!paxma'kups k!a'k!law-aq!o>'1male 'et, 455 Iqa'lwiy kts~cal'u 'pe I ske'n-kwts ts xma n'upe-'Ine- slaqaqa'psekseltso fukuat aa'kuk!paxma' kups. ta'xas qanlalte'lne- ske'n -ku -ts. Ia. a'naqa'yi1xo'ulne-. qakile'lne: " ta'xas hutsxal -aqa.up--yana 'miaIa 'afleo. henqa'lwiy kentsxa'lip hentsxal aqukua'xe- na, ka'min." Ta'xas huslq!a'pqalq!anu:ýwa'te- k!a'k!l an-aq!o'xm ale -et. 460 to xua n' e'n e kwe'lqa qa'psins nelsts lqa'k-laqanane 'imaI ske'w-ktvts kaastS xma n'aqal'qa. (g) THE ErND OF THE WORLD Ho'ya's, ta'xas hutszalq!apqalq!anuxua'te k!a'k!lan-aq!o>xumale* 'eot naso~ukue n kk.Iaqanane-'mal ske'n-ku ts. Ta'xas hi~ests kk. laqana'na 'm ske 'nku ts swu'timo- ts!ena465 qayib.xo'uIne' ske'nvkw-ts, nejs yaaqa'n aqa'w-uqka'ske- qanaqayib.xo'uIne- ske'n~ku~ts. pal koqua'o-prInafla kaa n'e'n' ens at yaqa'o xal aona'mke' nata'nek! qa'o'xalqa 'qaskine 'me' ske'n ku ts. qakile'lne: '"na ta'x a qao~sa'qa*. maatSentslakqa'atse- q!a'pe- a'm-a~k. taTta' o'ne-k kiyu'kiyit ta'xas 470 hutsla'up~ane'sine.o ka'min nei hutslaqana'xe- qo's at yaqa'qa-lyuwaka'mke- nata'nek!. qo' hutsqaaýnqa'mik. ta'xas ne 'nts--ýa naso',,kueni ktsxal-a,'lo- na a'm-ak, ta'xas hutslaIfowo'k~ne-. hutslatska':e. ne'nkv- ske'ivku-ts a'a'ke- hentslw BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 211 At night Coyote said to his wife: "Oh, I tell your father to look at his fortune-telling place." Coyote started. I Now, Coyote was going to play. Early in the morning 11 Golden Eagle looked at his fortune- 435 telling place. There were no tracks. He came in again. I Coyote went along. There was some manure. I He piled it up; and after piling it up, he yelled I at the buffaloes; but the buffalo manure did not move. He tried to drive the buffaloes, I but he could not move them. He ran back. 11 He went along, and came to the town. 440 He went up a hill, I and he said: "The buffaloes have dispersed." He shouted I his words.' He said: "The bridegroom is staying with his wife!" I He meant. Tree Chief by these words. (They I used to call bridegrooms those who had not been married long.) I1 Then the people 445 of the town went down when Coyote had said this. I They laughed at him, because the day before many buffaloes had been killed; I but now they did not move. The people prepared the meat I and the skins. Then Coyote entered his tent, and Tree Chief lay there. Coyote said also II what Tree Chief had said.before, when he spoke on 450 the hill. I Tree Chief arose. He said to Coyote: I "What did you say? Say it again. Don't you know what you did ] when you pushed me into the trap of Wolf?" I Then Tree Chief took a firebrand. I1 He 455 wanted to kill Coyote. He might have killed him. Therefore I he took up the firebrand. Then Coyote was struck. I He was struck while he was running out. He was told: "We shall never meet again. ( If you want to die, come back to me." That is the end of the story of Tree Chief. II He would have been 460 the greatest one j if he had not fought with Coyote. (g) THE END OF THE WORLD Now I'll finish the story of Tree I Chief's fight with Coyote. When Coyote and his friend fought, II Coyote was beaten away west- 465 ward. I Coyote was being beaten. Although we do not know I the place where the sun goes down, there Coyote was left. I He was told: "You shall stay here. Don't I go about any more through the whole world. Later on, at the end of the world, I I'll see you again. I shall 470 go back that way I where the sun rises. There I shall stay. When I the chief says that this world shall be no more, then I'll I arise. I'll 0z z -4 rJ H 0 * fr1 ( - Y 01i H z H H z -4 H H 0 -4 -4 z 0 H 0 C.Tt LID td td c4 zd Hd zT BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 213 come back. You, Coyote, will also I arise, and you shall come back. In the middle of the world ]1 we shall meet. Then we shall shake 475 hands." | This is the very last of the story of.what I the friends Tree Chief and Coyote did I long ago, and what they will do at the end of the world. I 65. RAVEN Well, I'll tell you about Raven. I (a) THE ORIGIN OF DEATH There was a town. The chief spoke, and said: I "Everybody shall die twice." Everybody wished for what the chief said; I but Raven did not want it because he eats II eyes. Since he was chief, his word 5 was taken. I After some days the chief spoke, and said: "Let us kill I Raven's children!" They said: "Shoot at a grass figure, I and the girls shall get fuel. Then you shall shoot I Raven's son, and you shall chop a tree down and make it fall on [I his daughter." Now they shot at the 10 grass figure, and Raven's son was shot. I The girls chopped down a tree; and when the tree was about I to fall, Raven's daughter was thrown under it. I They talked, and said: "Raven's son has been shot," I and they said: "A tree fell I on Raven's daughter." Raven 15 said: "Now they shall die twice." I He was told: "You are a chief, and already I you have spoken." | (b) WHY THE ANT HAS A THIN WAIST Then, when they were talking, Ant tightened his belt I in order to bury the dead. He almost II cut himself in two, and was small after 20 that. I (C) RAVEN HIDES THE GAME Then Raven could not succeed. He had had two children. Then I Raven was angry. He hid himself and hid all I the buffaloes. (Both) were lost, I Raven and the game. All went on, but he was lost. 1 It 25 was not known where Raven had gone. It was known I that he had done it. For a long time they were hungry. After a long time I they all became thin. I Raven thought: "Let me go to the town to see if I they are starving," Then he started. He transformed himself into a raven. He flew 1I away and flew back to the town. He flew about above 30 214 214 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY(UL.5 (BULL. 59 ny'U'pxafle- lttq!a nle. e't. se. n' u 'p,ýane klo wasna'me s. lats!cnanoxu'~e*. Q akiya'mne-: "kaas kul' a-qakina 'Ia qu'kue n kultsenkena'la?" qakiya'mne-: "kanmil'yit maatSentS!a'llax.ake'lneX. se 'n a 35 tsxalqaqalo-k!"e'ine k!ana'xa pal k!clke'lwiy. ts~cal'u'pzanekaaS tsyal' aqa'qana." ta'xas kanmi 'yit qawanxa-'mna'mne*. n' anaxa" mne*. qous a:n'ilqa'haks qaovxa'xe- n'itxo,, me-k, neis qaltowukqa'ane- pal ko'fwa-s. lalttqawu'mne- qapsqakqa'ane- op'na 'mo's. 40 Qawesa'qa'ane qu'kue-n. qalwi'yne-: ""a'ake- hulats!e-'nam aa'kek.lu"na-m." aa'ake- lae:tkc'nme-k qu'kue-ns. nulnucu'we. laxa noxu 'ii e-aakik.luna'me-s. n'u'p,_ane sc'n-a's qous a:n'ilqa'haks sakqa'pse-. qalwi'yne-: "ha", ma k!elke'Iwiy se'n-a. qa.u'p:ýa kaas naqa'akila'qaps lu'kpo-s." pal k~frnqa'ptewk 45 qu'kuens, slaqa~qa'pse- qalwi'yne-: "hule'e k aa'kaqle 'l'e-s se 'nea."i ta'xas n'unanuxu'nec. yuwaxametenka'mek a/a'akuwum'c'seos se'n a~s. pal kqa'lwiy kse'1'e-ps. qa.one'lne-. tscnkina'pse sc'n-a's. qake'ine- se'n'a: "hutstnkc'n-e qu'kue.1." Ta'xcas q!a'pe- n'ana.:ana'mne-. mitiyaxa'lne- qu'kuen.u 50 tu'2ua at x~atke'n-e se'wa pal ko'fwa-s qatsEmak!qa'ane.qu'kue-n pal ke'ise-k tsEmak!qa'ane.- ta'qcas laxaxa'mne-x ta'xas tsinkine'lne- qu'kue-n. ts inalkinc'ne- naso fukuen--s aatkit-la. e'se s. ta'xas q!a'pe- qonaxa'mne-. tuk!xo 'lneaa'kit.la"na-m. pal kuwelk-lo"u'na-m q!apelq!u'ntkalhaquwu'm55 ne-. skc'ivku ts wa qo!ami'fle- aatk!a"nqo-'s. ta'xas qa'naltenake'lwetske'kine- ske'nku-ts. ta'xas tsxzana'mne-. qakilt'lne- qu'kue-n: "ta'xas tsxanatawa's'nu kaas ken'aqa'ke-n iya'm 'U. nowas'na'mne-. ken'it. la'atSO.j k!umnaqaqa'aleIka'm-u."' qatsTa'w-e-qu'kue n. yek!ta'kse aa~kaqle'I'e-s. sli 60 la'n-e ktsý:a'l'e-p. tsxalqa.u'pe'l~ne pal ke'en naso'11kuewn, pal ke'en aa'kik.lu-fnaam. n't'nase aqna'e-s aa'ka'qle -s lu 'kpo-s. ta'.1as lukenle'sine a-na'e-s. n'ikle'sinex. qakil'lne-: "lwasa'qana n' he' 1tsqcan." qatsca'n e- qu 'kue-n. wa wetske'kifle'. fl'UP2.YaflC skc'n-kivts pal n'e'nse- qous a,,'k!a-"nqo-s. 65 n'u.'pqalle ma kqawelt'lwiys ske'n-kwts. qalwi'yne-: "ta'xas pal hutscatkjnu'kjne-." qake'ine- qu'kue-n: "kaa kul'a-'qaýqa'la-'m." welke' ine'. n'u'PýCane' skc'nwku-ts nank!ata'kse-. qalwi'yne-: "ta'xa's palutsqa.e'pinew." qakile'lne-: "wasa'qana-n' he'itsxan." a:n' silpalne qcu'n-ex qake'1ne-: "kaa 70 kul'a-'qaqa'la-'m." lahulnuxu '-e- skc'wku-ts. lao-k lonen' - me*'l nounqa'lane* qu'fkue -n. laananux~u'n-e. yuk~ku~ka.te'lne-. skenwku-ts ta'xas n'elkil'lne-. Qala'k'ne s qa'nalwamu~c'n e qu 'kue n. ta'xas laqatwoukate'Ine-. a'n'a'n naqts!eqle'lne'. qake'ine-: qV -qo'- q6 *'.Y 75 sa nilwi'yne- skz'n ku ts. ts..kua'te a'm.a 'ks oqawaxfamAe' tOAS I I3OAS] IUTEXAI TALES 215 the town. I He saw that there was nothing moving. Ilie knew that they must be hungry. I Away he flew.I They said: "What shall we do with Raven that we may catch him?" They said: " Don't go out to-morrow. Beaver 1 shall be the 35 only -one to go out, for he is wise. He will knowI what to do." Then the next day they did not move.I He went out. He went some distance, lay down,I and lay on his back hungry. His stomach was empty, and he lay thereI just like dead. 11 Raven staid there. He thought again: " I'll go back to the 40 town." He transformed himself into a raven. He flew away and flew to the town. He saw Beaver lyingI a little ways off. He thought: "Oh, Beaver is wise, I but he doesn't know where the buff aloes are." Since he had become 1 a raven, he thought: " Let me eat 45 Beaver's eyes."I He flew down..He sat down on Beaver's belly.I Because he thought he was dead, he was not afraid.I Beaver took him. Then Beaver said: " I caught Raven." I All ran out to get Raven. 1 He almost got away from Beaver, 50 because Beaver was hungry and weak.I Raven was fat and strong. Then the people arrived. I Raven was caught and taken to the chief's I tent. They all went in. The tent was ballasted.I It was a big tent, and they were all around it. 1 Coyote climbed up to the top 55 of the tent. Coyote was looking in through the smoke hole. Then they spoke. They said to Raven: " Now, tell us, what did you do withI the game? The poor children are hungry. You. have hidden it."I Raven did not speak. Hle wept. 11 He cried, because he was to 60 die. They were not to kill him, because he was a chief,I because it was a town. He wore around his neck the eyes of buffaloes. I They took off his neckwear and ate' it. They told him: I" Quick, speak!" Raven did not speak. He looked up, I and saw Coyote there in the smoke hole. 11 He knew that Coyote was a coward. He thought: 65 "Now I'Ill be saved." Raven said: "Which way I shall I put my head?" He shouted. He saw Coyote, who was scared.I He thought: "Now I shall not die." They said to him: " Quick, I speak!" H-e shouted louder, and said: " Which way 11 shall I put my head? " Then 70 Coyote flew up, and I Raven jumped out. He flew out.I He was saved. Coyote was scolded.I Raven flew straight up, and was lost to sight. I Magpie had clear eyes. He said: " Qo, qo, qo,!" 11 Coyotebecame angry. He took dirt and threw 75 216 BUIREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 aa'kaqhIi'e'se s. qats!up~naqlc'lne- a'n' a n. snakelwetske'kine-. ta'xas yik!ta'kse- a,,kaqle'l'e-s pal k!c'tqa-ps a'm'a-ks scl'aqaqa'Ipsex. qake'ine,: "neis lalu'qu~anoru 'n-e." Ta'xas tse4mi 'yet nakq!eye'tine-. qakiya'mne-: "qa'1a- ktsxal80 ts!e'na-m neis layaqanaiioxu'ske?" qakiya'mne- qaqaau'k.Io'a/ 'a~ke- tilna'ako-. kanmi-'yit ts!enaxie- nei netsta'halkc'ste-k. qa:na'xew. selqawa 'kanmitu'kse- qakaltunwa-kawi tsomt 's-.. ua'(ltse-k!a'sl-aka'k,,nex. ta'xas ts!enaltsaqana'xe-. qa,:na'xe-. nu' U.jjXaflIY sant. la -name "sine-. n' snit.hia ase- telnamukesta 'ke s. 85 laxa'xe-. qa.u'p.-aýne- kaas at naqa'qanaps. n'u'p-_ane- yunalc'kse- lu'kpo-. qakila'mne-: "kaas kul'a-qakina'la?" qake'ine*: "huketkena'Ia nb~p'k!a." nao 'k ue n'enqa'pte k qaqanu'k.1o-'s, uao*'klue- n'enqa'pte-k no'kueys. qao~'sa qa'ane' telna'm-u naof"k!ue'a ts!enyaxak!o'11ne-. xuna'xe a'a/ tqs 90 fl'U'PýCaflO tSaqu'na 'S xia'ajtsins sao Vsa vqa'pse qous a/aak!a,,qs. sa-nkkpakta'pse-. xunaqkz'n-e ies a'8 'k!aaqs. ta'xas net!ko'une- nei tsct!na'na. lats!ina'xe- nei telna'mu. nao'k!ue telna'mu a a'ake' ts!enyaxak!o'l1ne-. f'U' P-ýIane tsett!na'nas; qous at 'a~k!aý,qs sao~sa-qa'pse-. tu'xyua tsxalhut!ne'nmitqa'pse-. k!u95 mna'nli kpakta'pse-. tunaknana'se-. tsukuaifte-, ts!enalke'ne, kilatina'xa'm qak.La'pse- neis telnamuma'l'e-s: "qa'psins ken'u'pskein~?" qakc'lne-: " k!umnaqaqa'ane* at tsxal'e'kine- ma-k!s. tt'fxas q!a'pe len' o-'kuinoktsiyame'sine-, seltska'xe- na, tset!na'na." nao'fk!ue- teIna'm-uts!enya'xane a ý qanukIs ts,-O'a a'qtsxo 100 wa'tskana's. qana'xe-. skekqa'pse- so'ukse a'qanwks. tsenalke'we. qa.U'p-Yane, ma kskib.xunmc'tqul neis netsta'hals, nao'-t k!ue s n'e'nse- neis a'qanu ks. tcnalkc'n e. ta'xzas sel' etke'izr nibpe'k!as no1 netsta'halke'sto k. ta'xas qao jsa vqa'8,ne-aatket.la.e'se-s telna' 'ys a aqla's. qao~sa'qa'ane naqsanmP'"yet.s, 105 ta'xas n'e'kino nei netsta'halke'ste-k. at qa.U'p)ýneo noi tena'muke'sto-k at n'askik.le'itseo neis tselmP'yet.s. kanmi'yet.s at Iae'n-so- nao'k!ue-s xa'jltsins, nao 'k!ue-s at La. e'n-so nofkuoys. ta'xas I1'u'Pqafl 1101 netsta'halke'stek at yaqaqna'psko- at lawa'se- lu'kpo s fois a8,'ket.la. e'so s nois tselmo yetna'mu's. 110 nao 'k!uo 's qous qaq!a'nso aa'ko ktse'ko ns a'k!a'Iaxwe 'o-ts, nao'k!uo'ys qous qaq!a'nse aa'kilq!a'lukps. ta'xas k.Ia'wa-s Iu'kpo-s ta'~xas at wanke 'nse- nao 'k!ueo's a,,'koktse'ke-ns, nao 'kMuo's, at wanke'n-se aa'kilq!a'Iukps. Tselmiye't.so- qak.Ia'm-no: " ta'xa s hulats!enaxa'la a,,kiklu-"115 na-m ma kowa 's'na m. hul-atsukuata'la lu'kpo'." ta'xas ts!ena'ixe. n'u'P:Zafl0 pal su'kuakato'iso- lu'kpo-s. niao-'k!uonei netsta'hal paq!ame k!o'uneo nois aa~kokutsefko ns. nao 'k ue tsukua'te* nois aa'kiIq!a'Iukps. tafxas ts!enafxeo nao-'k!ue-. tatxas la.e'n-e u's'me-ks. naao-'k!uo- ts!enaf':w. qous tsaqa'haks, 120 yeohlhq'sk ukposq t.. t'3raswanku'en aa- iq!aLk BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 217 it I into his eyes. Magpie did not shut his eyes. He was looking up. I Then his eyes began to water. They were filled with dirt. Therefore I they are this way. He said: "Raven flew back this way." I Then at night they held a council. They said: " Who will II go the 80 way he flew back? " Then they said: " Jack Rabbit I and Hare." On the following day the two youths started. I They went along. There was a river there. The wind blew toward them, and they took his scent. Then they started, going up the river. I They saw a tent. It was the tent of two old women. 11 They arrived there. 85 They did not know what it was. They saw many I tracks of buffaloes. They said to each other: "What shall we do?" One said: "We will work our supernatural powers." One turned into a jack rabbit.' I The other became a stone. They staid there. I One of the old women went to draw water. She went to a water hole in the ice. II There she saw a little dog near the water hole. I She did 90 not like it, and pushed it into the water hole. Then I the young dog was cold. The old woman went back. The other old woman I also went to draw water. She saw the pup there at the I water hole. It was almost frozen to death. i) She pitied it. It was thin. She took 95 it and started carrying it. I She went in, and said to her companion: " Why did you I do that? " She said to her: " It is poor; it will eat bones. I They must all be starved. Therefore this pup came here." I The other old woman went to get an anvil stone to pound I[.dried 100 meat. She went along, and there was a good stone. I She started to carry it. She did not know that she' had thrown into the water the one young man, I and that the other one was a stone. She carried it in. Then I the two youths worked their manitou powers. They staid there I in the tent of the old women, They staid there several days. 1I Then the two youths ate. The old women did not 105 know it. I The two slept together during the night. On the following morning I the one was again a dog, and the other was a stone. I The two youths saw what happened I when the buffaloes came to that tent every night. 11 There was a bladder hanging by the door, I and 110 there was a bunch of claws hanging there. When [ the buffaloes came back, they shook the bladder I and the claws. I At night they said to each other: "Let us start back to the town II where they are hungry! Let us take back the buffaloes!" Then I they 115 started. They saw a great number of buffaloes. One I of theyouths burst the bladder with a stick; the other I took the bunch of claws. Then the one started. That one was I first. Then the other one started. There at the source of the river, l'where the buffaloes were, 120 SEvidently an error, for later on he is a pup. 218 218 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 ta'xas nawaszo',mnek. qake'ine-: "qwa:, qwa:, qaqanu'kdu; qwa:, qwa:, qaqanu'kilu ts!ka'm-a'1e- iya 'm-uy N' U' Pc.a110 telnamukut'ste k pa I sei aqayaqaha'se- iyam-'m.'S qakila'mne-: "a: pal sel-aqayaqa-'xe iya'm-u." nao/'k!ue- wan125 kc'n-e- a,,kuqtse'k-ens. letkekle tc'kse- pal kpa'q!,me k!o'1le s. nao 'k!ue- mitiya'x,,ne a,,kilq!a'lukps. lo'use-. tseika'te- neis tset!na'nas. q aiwi'yne- ktselwa 't!e t ktsxal ama'nme-te 'xa s. lo 'use-. 1'u 'pýane- nawasxona'kse. pal n'ilke'kse'. qak-e'ine-: "cqa'psin kinseltsofukuat no, tset!na'na? n'ula'n-e se'aynila130 wa'sine* iya'm-u's. ma hun'o-'kcsql't!ne- qaqanu'k.lo-. ma huscblzunaqke'n-e. kcntka'lke.1." Ta'xas telnamukue'stewk tsukua'te- popo'e-s. qao~xa'xe- neis aa k!aloko-c'se s iya'm u's. yaoxal'etuwesqa',ane. ta'xas nawetsirnulo'ine-. qalwi'yne ktsxalq!akpake'txo qaqanu',k.135 1o-'s. N'uk!ulmate'lne- kaq!u'lqa. ta'xas lala'xa'xe- nei nttsta'hal ful'Up2.(allW niLs telnamukuista'ke-s pal qous n'~nse, nawttsnubxona'pse-. mitjya'xane neis kaq!u'lqa-ps. n'etke'nme-kqaqanu'k. lo -'s. tsena 'xane aa'kulats!e'se s. qayaqa 'wo-'s aa'ksaq!e'140 se-s qa~wisnuxo' nxu'ne-. qanaqkupla-'lte- ne1 telna'm-u. n'itcnme-tnu 'qlasaq!co 'une-. nao 'k!ue- ttlna'm-u a'a'ke- qanla'11enao*'k!ue-saq!~se-s; a' a ke- n'itc'nme-tnu'qlasaq!xo'une-. ta'~xas naeis aa'ket.la'e's q!a'pe's a,,'qulo-maye-s ts!tnaqayqa'psex. o'k!uquna-ts ho-q!uka'e-s ts!enaqayqa'pse- naofkVue-1nitiytat'x - 145 no t!tnamo,"e-s. tstnkc'ire qous qana'kanuqiyuna'psex. nao-' k!ue- mitiya'x ne- neis qa 'qayqa'pse- ho-q!uka'e s. tsenkc'n-e qous qanakanuqxuna'pse-. ta'xas ýca'tsenbxa'tke-n. qous qao'xakesenmetnaxowa'tik k!e'ila-. Ta'xas hu'sclq!apqalq!anuxwa'te- qu'kue n ki 'ay iya'm-u's._ 66. MTHE DELUGE llo'ya's, hutsqalq!anuxwa'te- e'nla-k yawo'une-k! neis k!upe'lam. Qamnt.la'aneo e'nla k n'e'n-se- telnamu"e s kia~wa ts; at 1' ana/ ye. 'nla-k; kia'wa-ts at nalq!at!e'ine- lawP-'ya-ls. naqsan5 mP'tyit.s qaaq!anu'kse- at yaqa'o~oxalq!at!e'1ke- kia'wa-ts. ta'xas ts~ralats!ena'xe- naq!ako',,ne, a'a'kw- tsxal'iku'lne-. qao~xalxuna'xe nelis aa'ku'q!nuks kia'wa -ts. ta'xas n'iku'lne, ta'xas a'~ke- na'qtse-k. qa.kila'qktse-k Va'xas Ia. upka'T.e.n'u 'pxa ne- es wu 'os n'o k!ufilj hotsu'kse-. 10 tseika'te pal qous n'~nse- kal'upka'ske- qapsins n'upka'se-. fyl'UP2.:a110 pal n'~'ise- yawo'unek~fs. ta'xas n'upka'seox qak.Ia'pse-: "huni'ote'sine. hutsxaltsuku ate'sinew." pal ktsla'kil BOAS] KUTEIAI TALES 219 there he shook the claws I and sang, saying: "Qwa, qwa, Jack Rabbit! I Qwa, qwa, Jack Rabbit! Bring the game!" i The two old women saw the game going by. I They said to each other: "The game is passing along." The one shook II the bladder. 125 It made no noise. It had burst. I The other one went to get the claws. They were not there. She looked for I the dog. She thought she would send it in pursuit to get them back. I It was not there. Then she knew that he was singing, and that he was the one. She said: I "Why did you take that little dog? He has done it. He has stolen 1I our game. I knew by his eyes that he was Jack Rabbit. | 130 Therefore I put him into the water, and you brought him in." I Then the two old women took hammers, and they went I to the trail of the game in the snow. They stood on each side, ready to strike with their hammers. I They thought they would strike Jack II Rabbit. | 135 One scabby bull was left behind. The youth came back, I and saw the two women ready to strike him. I Then he ran after the scabby bull. He transformed himself into a I jack rabbit. He held on with his teeth to the bull's testicles, and was 11 hanging down between his 140 legs. One of the old women struck it I and flattened out one leg (of the scabby bull). The other old woman struck him I on the other leg and made it flat. Then I all the parfl~ches in the tent began to roll out; and I because the fat and marrow began to roll, the other old woman ran after it. 1I She caught it, and it dragged her along. | 145 The other one ran after it, and the fat and marrow were rolling this way. She took it, I and it dragged her along. They could not hold it. I They fell down crying. Now I have told how Raven stole the game. | 66. THE DELUGE1 Well, I'll tell how Chicken Hawk I killed the Water Monster.! There was the tent of Chicken Hawk and his wife Grouse. | Chicken Hawk went hunting, and Grouse picked huckleberries. 11 For 5 several days Grouse picked berries near a lake. I Then she would start again. She perspired and wanted to drink. I Grouse went to the water of that lake. Then I she drank and she swam. After swimming, I she went to the shore again. Then she noticed that the water was rising. II She looked at it, and there it was where something came 10 ashore. I She saw that it was the Water Monster. He came ashore, and I said to her: "I want you; I'll take you!" She loved I Chicken 1 See p. 40. 220 220 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY UL.5 [BULL. 59 c'nla'ks; neists k!aqa'k.laps yawo',,nik!s n'omn'lne- pal at k!upc'lka 's. ta'xas qalwi'yne-, qak.la'pse- "hutsxal'e'kine Ila15 wP'yal." ta'xas namate'kts-. # ta'xas pal ktsilwalkwa'yct.s ta'xas ktslats!c'nanim pal ktsla'ki nulaq,,na"e-s c'nla-ks. lalo',,se, lawi-'ya'ls ktsxa'l'e'ks e'nla'ks. me'ka kse4walkwa'yi~s Ia'-- halq!at!e'ine'. sa-hankt'n'e. ta>xas lats!na'xe' aa,'ket.Ia'fe-s. k.laIa'xzam tsEma'k!iltseImeyc't.se'. kilala'xam pe.t'k!a'ks laapsaa20 osaqa'pse' e'nlaaks. namate 'ktse'. n' o ne 'me'. qakt-'lne': "hoquasoukue'n-e- na lawi-'iyal. husa-'hanibpone'ine'. huquachalq!at!e'jne'. honupslatqa'nkikqa'ane' ytscnwunme 'yc'tke'." neists kilats!e'nain kia'wa'ts n'Up~cll0' fleis tuq!tsqa'mna's kia'wa'ts, n'Y'nse' nbipek!a'e-s. sci' aqa'kle 'k kia'wa'ts. q!akpakitxo'une-. tsu25 kua'te-, qa'sdltsukwa'te'. neis ktsilmi-'yit.s n'aqtuq!uwake'n'e-. qake'ine-: "n'ise'ine' kaa'k.la 'i'. hutsxalqa.e'kjne 'P ta'xas n'itxo'ume'k. nalokaxanmite'tine'. at qawuneke't.se', at lao 'k11nuwya"mne'. at lawa 'Ine'. at ni ense' aa'kma 'k!tsuks nets kuwa'lna-'t. n'en'se' neis ma k!aqtuk!wa,'kin tuq!ts30 qa'mna's. qaapsilsa 'nilzxone' ine o "k!uquna ksel' o-"nil nulaqana. "e's, sl' aqaqa 'pse k!a'qane 'ts. Kanmi-'ye't.s laana'xe-e'it'la.ak. qake'ine' kia'wa'ts: "mt'ka koquaapselbp/une- hutslats!e-'nalq!at!o,'ne' ma ksa'hanke'n'e'k lawi-'yal nets wa'lkuwa-s." ta'xas ts!ena'xe' kia'wa'ts, a.',a'ke' 35 laqa.l'etkenma'Ine- yawo'unik!s. a'a,'ke' laqaaqa'pse' kalq!at!e'ike'ts e'nlaaks,. k.1axa'xam aat'ket.la'e's ta'xas a:n'tse.d'-ukua'xa'n'mete'tine- kia'wa 'ts. kanmi 'yet. s we'lna'ms qake 'ine' kia'wa 'ts: "(pa'me'k hutsxzal'a-halqI!at!e'jne' mc'ka kusa-nibxo'1ne'. to'xua hule'e'p pal k4ntslaqa'e'k qa'psin aa,'koq!Ie-et hunaalq!a't!e'." 40 a',,'ke' lats!ena'xe- kia'wa'ts. Ta'xas nuko'yibxone'ine' t'nia'k. qalwi'yne': "pal selqapsqa - qa'pse- qaapse'lsaonilxone'ine- katilna'mu. ho'ya's hults!c 'na 'i qous at yaqaV'oalq!atI~e'ike'." ta'xas ts!ena'xe- t'nlaak. laxa'xe' sao'sa'qa'pse telnamn"e-s sla:tiyilhawasxona'kse-. qalwi'yne'. 45 fl'Up2cfl0' pal qasa'niblcone'ise-. qao~sa wqa',ne-. ta'xas tu'xPa walkuwaye't.se'. ts!ena'ýce' kia'wa'ts qous aa~ku'q!nuks. qake' 1ne-: "ho'ya's hults!cna 'lpe-'st kanul' a'qana yawo 'uiik!." tseika'te' e'nlaak qous yaqao xa'ske' nawasy.ona'kse' telnamu" e's. kxo'na-s R'UP~ane' qous wu'o's qawaakal'upka'se' 50 yawo'unikf#s* qao'xa'x.ie' kia'wa-t nalke'n'e' lawP-'yals. ta'xas k!u'pka'm yawo'unik!. malEnk!alma'we'- n'aqtu'q!waqZa-a'ktseneis lawi`yals. ta'xas n'esakiinu'n'e- kia,'wa'ts neis qawa'aqaIupkaqo'ume'k yawo',.nik!. ta'xas at welke'ine' kia'wa'ts k o 'ma 'ts welka'nilpa'lne 'coma'lne' yawo 'unik!s. ta'xas 55 tQ'xyua ktswalkuwa'yit.s ta'xas la'hulqa'atse' yawo'unik!. ta'x~as lats!ka'~e' kia'wa'ts. nawasco'une'. qake'ine': "ta'xas BOAS] KUTENAI TALES. 221 Hawk when the Water Monster spoke to her. She was afraid that he would I kill her. Then she thought thus, she was told: "I'll eat I| huckleberries." Then she gave them to him. In the evening I she 15 started back. She loved her husband, Chicken Hawk. I There were no huckleberries which Chicken Hawk was to eat. Even though she had picked until the evening, I she had done badly. Then she went back to her tent, I and arrived when it was very dark. When she arrived, Chicken Hawk II was already there. She gave it to him. She 20 was afraid. She said to him: "I did not I get many huckleberries. I felt ill. I did not pick berries. I I have been lying down all day." When Grouse was going back, I she saw the bird grouse, who was I her manitou. Therefore she was called Grouse. She knocked it down. 11 She took it, and at night she took a piece of it into her mouth. I She 25 said: "I have a headache; I will not eat." I She lay down. She groaned. After a little while l she got up again. She vomited. She vomited yellow water. I That was the bird that she had swallowed. I[ She was not sick at all. She did so because she was afraid 30 of I her husband, whom she deceived. I In the, morning Chicken Hawk went out hunting. Grouse said: "Even I though I am not feeling well, I'll go to pick berries. Yesterday I did badly picking huckleberries." Grouse left, and II she did the 35 same with the Water Monster. She did also the same, and I picked berries for Chicken Hawk. When she arrived at the house, she groaned still more. I Early the next day Grouse said: I "Although I am sick, I'll go and pick berries. I If I should happen to die, you would not eat any more of the fruit that I pick." II Then Grouse 40 started again. I Chicken Hawk felt uneasy. He thought: "Maybe 1 my wife is not sick. I'll go there I where she is picking berries." Chicken Hawk started. He came to I the place where his wife was. She was singing. He thought 1I he knew that she was not sick. He stood there. 45 When it was almost I evening, Grouse started far the lake. I Sh~esaid: "I'll give something to eat to my husband the Water Monster." [ Chicken Hawk looked on, (and saw) his wife going and singing. I She went to the shore. He saw the Water Monster coming out of the water. I 'Grouse went there. She carried the huckleberries. I When 50 the Water Monster came ashore, he opened his mouth, and she emptied I the huckleberries into his mouth. Then Grouse sat down. I The Water Monster was coming ashore. Then Grouse shouted, I and she and the Water Monster laughed and made noise. I When it was almost 55 evening, the Water Monster went back into the water. I Then Grouse started for home. She sang. She said: I "It is getting evening, 222 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHINOLOGY(BL.5 (BULL. 59 kselwalk,,wa'yi t me* 'ka husa-nke 'nmil kuwalq!at!e 'ike ts lawP-'yals kanul'a'qana e'nla'k." Ta'xas saanewi'yne- c'nla-k. lats!ena'xe-. qalwi'yne- e'nla-k: 60 "kutsxal'u'piH yawo',,nik!1 pal at ksa'hamn, pal at kMupc'lka. kselqa'lwiy ktsxal' u'pla p ksel' aqa'ke n katelnamo "mH-." ta'xas Ia 'ts!ena 'ze-. lalaxa 'xe a,,'ket. la'e s. wo q umaane-kc 't. se- ktselmi ' y t.s naulpa'lne- teinamu"eog neis a,'kmaia'me-s. nalukuaxa'nmete'tsex n' u 'pne ma- kqaapsilsa hanibxo 'one-s. Iatkaca,'65 mne* kia'wa-ts. na'lukuatslaf'mie'. namatc'ktse- nulaqana"e s IawP-'yals. qake'lne-: "ta'xas a-nUtSEmak!ilsafnlxone'jne-% a/ a'ke lasaha'nec en lawif'yaL"' qa.e'kine ec'nla-k neis la~wP"yals. Iaqao'jake'n-e-. qake'lne- tehiamu"e s: "hutsxalqa. e'kine- at saha'n e- aaqoulaqpika'e-sts aa'q!utsk!a'la kna' na. henqa'lwiy 70 kule'e-k iktu'qo-n'. ta'xta huts lo'kine-." n'txo'ume-k kia'wa-ts. qake'ine-: "huts--alqa.ektuqo'une.- hutsEma'k!ilqaapsilxzone'1ne. hutsakqa'ane-." ta'xas kq!u"mne we'Ina-ms qake,'ine- kia'wa-ts: "a'a'ke hitslaha iq!at!e'ine. yunaqa-'anelawi-'yal sel' a'qalyelna'ntsta'pane x"y 75 Qake'ine. c'nla'k: "at sukuafqana-n'." ta'xas laqatsxa'nelaa'k!la ks e'nla-k. ta'xas seltsxanatc 'me' kia'wa ts ktsxa'l'e-p aa'Itke yawo'11nik!s. ta'xas ts!cna'xe kia'wa~ts. tsukua'te- e'nla-k a-'k!e-s n'a'se-. 'etke'iew npe'k!a-s neis a,'ke-s. pal kqasts!0o'mqa'qa yawo'unik! sel'aqaqa'pse' e'nla-k k!e'itke n nbpe'k!a-s 80 neis a'k!e-s, ktsxalmitxa'm-o ya~wo'unik!s. ta'xas ts!cna'xek.la'xam qao"'sa vqa/ane- nulpa'lne- kia'wa-ts slaatiyilawasxona'ikse-. ta'xas qaovxa'se-. ta'xas a'a'ke n'upka'se- yawo'unik!s. ta'xas n Yupyana'mse-. laxa'xex. qawoukata'pse kia'-a 'm. peae'kla-ks nul'e'kine- yawo',nik! neis lawi'"yals kalq!a'85 t!eis kia'wa-ts. Iax,,'xe-e'nla-k. qake'lne-:"a: swo-." tseikata'pse- yawo'unik!s pal pe.e'k!a-ks selme'tx ne-. qake-'ine- yawo'unik!: "hoyasulu"mqo I." 'nia-k q a. onila'pse-. ta'xas metpa'lneyawo'unik!. ta'xas lahulqa'atse' neis wu'o-s. kia'wavts mitjya,'ýCaUe- e'nla-ks. qake'lne-: "kauul'a'qna e'ulaak. ma kutsl'ak.90 le s." qake 'ine- e'nla'k: "lientsxalqak!u mna'nlikpayaxwuta'Pane-. nenk!umna'Vnta'pane'." mitxa'lne- kia'wa-ts. n'upike'lne- neists yaqa'hakqa'ake kia'wa-ts qak~anoxu'n-e toq!tsqa'mna. qake 'ine e'la-k: "ta'xas heutsxale'n-e-kida'wa 'ts. 95 Ta'xas lats!ena'f e *e'1nla-k. yawo'unik! neis k-la.ektse'nqa-ts, wu I'Oos qous qayaqa'wo's %a'ko-q!nuks qa'&' 'Ait~co',me-k pal k!eskuwu'm a "I natstkilqa. b'pine-. ta'xas n'e-ku'ine- neists yesq!nu'kske-. n'oukoku'x,,ne' na a,,,qanme'tu-k a,,2qtn oxu 'nukna'na aa~qana-q nukna'na. q!apel-ale-tu'kune-. n'aqsanmi,' - 100 yit ta'xas n'etskile'lne- wu'o pal selq!a'pi'lhoma-sle-A'tne-. ta'xas to Ixua 6tsaoyfo ku n u k-naim tep, n' ola'n 'e ko'k!.nuo!luma 'nainm BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 223 and I have done badly picking I huckleberries for my husband Chicken Hawk." I Then Chicken Itawk was angry. He went back. Chicken Hawk thought: II" I'll kill the Water Monster. He is bad. He kills people. 1 60 He wants to kill me doing this to my wife." Then I he went back He arrived at home. After a while, j when it was dark, he heard his wife groaning on the trail. I He knew that she was not sick. Grouse came in. |I Her head was tied up. She gave huckleberries to her 65 husband, I and said to him: "I was still more sick, I and the berries are bad." Chicken Hawk did not eat the huckleberries. I He put them back, and said to his wife: "I'll not eat them. I The leaves and twigs are bad. If you want I[ me to eat them, wash them. Then 70 I'll eat them." Grouse lay down. I She said: " I will not wash them. I am very ill. I I will lie down." Then, after she had slept, in the morning I Grouse said: "I'll pick berries again. There are many huckleberries. I like to do it." I1 Chicken Hawk said: "Take care!" Chicken Hawk did not say 75 anything else. Then it was said that Grouse I and the Water Monster should die. Grouse started. Chicken Hawk took I his two arrows, and he worked his manitou power over his arrows. I The Water Monster is skillful. Therefore Chicken Hawk worked his manitou power ]] over his arrow, to shoot the Water Monster with it. Then he started. I 80 When he arrived where she was, he heard Grouse singing along. 1 Then he went there. The Water Monster also came ashore. Then they met on shore. He arrived there. They did not see him I when he came there. The Water Monster had already eaten the huckleberries II which Grouse had picked. Chicken Hawk arrived. He said 85 to him: "0 friend!" I The Water Monster looked at him, and at once he shot at him. The Water Monster said: I "I'll swallow him." Chicken Hawk was not afraid of him. The Water Monster was hit. I Then he went towards the water. Grouse went to I Chicken Hawk, and said to him: "My husband Chicken Hawk, I love you." I1 Chicken 90 Hawk said: "I will not take pity on you. I You brought me into trouble." Grouse was shot and I was killed. There where Grouse lay a bird flew up. I Chicken Hawk said: "You shall be grouse. I You shall be eaten." Then Chicken Hawk started. When the Water Monster sank 95 down I in the water in the middle of the lake, he lay down, I for he was wounded in the belly. After a while he died. He drank 1 the whole lake. He drank all the rivers and all I the creeks and little lakes. There was no more water. Il For several days the people looked for 100 water, but everything was dry. [ They were about to die; it happened 224 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 'Inla-k pal k!o',la. qake-'ine-: hutsxal'akukufn-e- wu'o, nal pe t hoquasts!u'mqa'qa, hutsxal ae'ko KInala'ajie-. me'ksa' n nokuyakate'ine- yawo',,nik!. a:nts!ak.la'nalsa-ndwiynata'pane-." 105 nawasxo'ume-k 'nla-k. ta'xas ts!enaxa'mne- qous yaqa'hakqa'ake- yawo'unik!. tsuku"ate- c'nla-k a'k!e-s laakake'ne- nejs aa'~kluktsum~o.e/c 'nes yawo 'unik!. qakal' akanoxunu'kune. ta'xas n' e kule'lne-. pal seb.xa'tkinukuna'mae-. ta'xas lats!cnal'upaxalymne aa'kik.lu-V"fa~m. 110 N'uppa'ne pck!a-k pal selhotsu'k11ne-. a:n'u'palu'nisna'mne-. laxaq!asu 'kune-. a:n' upalu'nisna'mne-. a',,ke- lala':Zaq!asu 'kune*. ta'xas nutscnqatsa'mne- aa'kuwuk.le-'et. ta'xas notsu'kune-, notsu'kl11ne, notsu'kunex. ta'xas you.ýaxa m' ne a okuwuk.le-'et. n' upsna lhotsu 'kune-. ta'xas tsxalqawuneke'tine- ktsxal a'lo 115 a'm-ak. o-k!uwina'm-o e'nla-k nawasx.o'ume~k. e'nla-k n''n-se nupck!a'e s neis tuq!tsqa'mna-'s t'nla-ks sci' aqal' atc'lne- e'nla'ks. n' akakc'n-e- aa'kenuq!ma' ana-s neis tuq!tsqa'mna"s e'nla-ks. n'eyakc 'n e-. qakc'lne- aqlsma'kinek!s: "hakelwitske'lki I na, a/a'akenuq!ma'ana. na'peit n' asqa'lsama'q!leilnouke 'lqaya'qa%;120 qa'ql!a'so,,k, ta'xas tsxalalo',,ne- na a'm-ak. huts~calalonala'ane-. ts!o,,ktawa'Sane' yawo'unik!. na'peit hoquasts!o'mqa'qa tsxala'unakxofune-; hutsxatkinuknala',,ne-." ta'xas nakiwitskile'lnle neis k eya'ke-n e'nla-k aa'kEnuq!ma"na's. ta'x~as nawasixo',me-k e'nla-k. ta'xas n' ok!uilqayaqa'qaq!aso',,kune- neis aa'kuq!le'le s 125 a'ake- qayaqaqaq!aso'ukune- kqayaqa'wuha'q!lil. nawasxo'umek c'nlk. 'ake- laxaq!asu'kune- nei k!oukoqa'pq!lil. n'up~za'lnetsenukxo 'ume k. qakike'lne - 'nla-k tsenukxo 'ume k. qake'ine-: ",hakilwitske 'Iki- I" naxvasxo 'ume. k e'la k. qakil'lne-: "Ia. unakcu 'nwe." qake' ine- "ta 'xas hoselqa'tal' u'pnala 'ane, " nawas130 xo',,me-k. ta'x~as lats!enal'unakxu'ne-. ta'xas lats! nal'unalo'ncsna 'mne-. ta'xas la.unaxa'mne Iaa'kuk!ple-'et. ta'xas wu' o lalaxaq!asu'kune nei ma yisaq!aso'ukue-. soukuilq!ukuna'mne*. Ta'xas huselq!a'pqalq!anuxwa'tec,'Diaok yawo' inik yaqal'et-~ kc'nke- neis pe'k!a-ks. 67. WOLF Ho'ya's, hutsi.xaltsxa'ne- yaq al'ttke'nke ka'ake-n neis pc'k!a-ks. Qa-hak.luna'mne'. qak-lik te'tqat! ka'afk-e-ns. salite'tine- laa'k laks aa'kik.luna'me s pa'lkeis qakin a'kse nclo 'uqats. n'e 'tkens 5 la'n'e-s tclnamu"e-s at saha'nse-. n'e-'tkcns Ian'ese-s tat!e'se-s at so'uksK'- sa-nilwi'yne- ka'ake-n. lama'te- telnamu"e-s. lats Vna'xe- neis aa'kik-lu'e-s. k.lala'xam qake'ine: hults!Itna'xala 'e os aa~kek.lu 'e-s katelna'm u. hutsxalwanaqananala 'ane" ta '.ýas ts!ena'xe-. k.Ia'xam n'upca'se- ska't!e-s. neis ska't!e-s nL~pk!a -v 10 qa'qa'pse-, savqavqa'pse k!u'p~pa"s neis ksa-hanilwi'.Yna~t. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 225 on account of thirst. I Chicken Hawk did it. He said: "I'll try to get back the water. I If I am- clever, we shall drink again, but I it is dangerous. The Water Monster may make war on me in another way." II Chicken Hawk sang, then he went along to the place where I the 105 Water Monster lay. Chicken Hawk pulled his arrow I out of the wound of the Water Monster. Then the water came flowing out, and I the people drank. They were all saved. Then i the people of the town went back to the shore. l Now, it was seen that the water was rising. They went farther 110 away from the shore. I The water reached up there. They went still farther away from the shore, and again the water reached there. I They climbed the mountains. The water rose, rose, rose. They went to the top of a mountain. I It was still rising, and it seemed that in a little time all the land would be gone. II Then Chicken Hawk 115 sang in the same way. The chicken hawk was I his manitou; that is, the bird chicken hawk. Therefore he was called Chicken Hawk. I He opened his sacred bundle (which contained) the tail of the bird chicken hawk. He placed it upright, and said to the people: "Watch this I tail. If the water passes the three stripes of the tail, II then the world will come to an end. We shall all be drowned. I The 120 Water Monster will kill us all. If I am clever, I the water will go -down, and we shall be saved." Then they watched I the tail that Chicken Hawk had put up. Chicken Hawk sang. I Then the water reached the first stripe. 1I The water also passed the second stripe. 125 Chicken Hawk was singing, I and the water also reached the third stripe. Then it was seen I that the water ceased to rise. They said to Chicken Hawk that it had ceased to rise. He said: I "Watch it!" Chicken Hawk was singing. He was Cold: I "The water is going down again." Then he said: "Now we shall not die." He sang. I1 Then the water went down. Then they all went down. I They came 130 down to the foot of the mountain. Then the water I reached back to its own place, and everybody was glad. I Now I have told you what Chicken Hawk and the Water Monster I did in olden times. [ 67. WOLF Well, now I will tell you what Wolf did I long ago. I There was a town, and a man was named Wolf. Ie was married [ to a woman in another camp. Her name was Doe. II When his wife 5 made moccasins for him, they were bad. When she made moccasins for her elder brothers, I they were good. Wolf was angry. He left his wife. I He went back to his town. When he arrived, he said: "Let us start for my wife's town. Let us fight them!" Then I they started. When they arrived, his brother-in-law knew it. Hie had manitou II power. Therefore he knew that they were angry at him. I 10 85543 --Bull, 59---18- 15 226 226 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY uL.5 [BULL. 59 nawasxo'unmik kianq!alEna'na. qakt'hie. tL~namu"e-s: "pe'k!a-ks tsxa~sa-nilwi'ynatawa'sano ka'ake-n. n'tk!ame prae. qanaxa'ntse' 1te telnamu"e s a 'ake xale-'e-s. ta'xas 1axa'xenei kiyuna'qa kuwanaqana'mik neis aa,'kmoxo"e-s kianq!aI-~ 15 na'na,. 0 k!uquna ksel'e 'tkertn n*pe'k!a-s n'etkc'nmi k tsu 'pqa 's. n'tnqa'pte-k feis yaqak.le'1ke-. n'iktka'ze- qous qa-witsq!ayu-~ Ie.t'.se. qao'xal'yuxa'xe- qan'yu'110-'s. ta'xas ka'ake-n k!o-- kc'tka. n'ctskc'Ine ska't!e-s ues ya-qa-nmi'xo-nake'ske uneis kMokue/Ie-s- flu p:ýafle pal-o'use ska't!e-s. fl'u'P~aflOma ibp 20 k!aqa'qaps. qalwi'yne-: "ku'tsxalqatanu'k!ue-n." qao"'a>xeaakmoxo. e'se-s. nawasxou'me k, n enqap 'tekkaken.wka'te-. ofk!uquna ksdl'e-'tke-n nu*pe'k!a's sl'aqaqa'pse- kuwo'uka-t aa'k.lik!e'se-s ska't!e-s. neis yaqa~nale'kske- qanawiske'kinex. wouka'te- qous qa'witsq!ayu~e.e't.se- qo,,s qacnyu'wo's sdlqaka'o25 wesqa'pse- ska't!e-s. n'ektka'xe- ka'ake-n. fl'u'p:ýale- nei k!enqa'ptek kianq!alna'nas ksdlts!e'nas ka'ake-ns. nenko'e-s n''ktka'xe-. qa-'alinw'iktka'xe Ilaxa'se- ka'ake-ns neis Ia'witsq!ayule. e't.sex. qao'aI1'una'xe 'ts 1ayo,-ýa'xce qanyu'Ivo s neists k!u'llavn ka'ake-n qous ma yaqa-'wisqa'pske- ska't!e-s. sawesle'kse-. 30 tseika'te qous Ie'ine-s hawetsq!ayu~e.ce't.ske- qo~s qanyu'n-o-' suwcsqa'pse% a'a'ke la,.iktka'xe kaWaken. n'u'p:,,noekianql~alna'na kseIts!eua-s ka'akefls. ts!enal'una'xe aa 'kenme'tuks. qalwi'yne.: "hults!ena'm-iI kapa'pa k!ek!oum'." k!c'k!oum' sanet.Waane- qous 1eline- aa~kenmc'tu-ks. ta'xas ka'ake-n k.axal35 wuhikjna',te-t.qous ma yaaqa'awesqa'pske- ska't!e-s. Io',,sex sdqana-i'unaq!mah'kse-. metiy-'I,'ane-. qawlw'yne- ka'ake-n: "ma ksa'hau kl!e'k!oum. qa.enseIts,-a1hamate'ktsa p. na'pe t huqu-. alaxa-"iixo tina/'xa'm1 papa"e s, ta'xas kutselyuk!ka'aka t." ts!enaxex k.Ia'zxam kianq!alnaa'na ktina'xa' M2 Iaatenqa'mik 40 k~ek!oUm' qak.la'pse- papa,"e-s: "a: qouqaletel1o. sinuta'pafle- ka'ake ia." qatseikatka/ene k!c'k!oum. a'a'ke- Iaqake'ine. kianq!alna'na. qatse'ikata'pse- k!e'k!oums. neists u'ekiflo-- qu'ko- k!e'k!oum at qake'ine-: "saak, sa'k sak sa'k sak." a'I 'keIaqake'ine-: "wa saqanapme'Ie n'. aaqa't!a-ks ma qaskaxe45 ka'ake'n." qake'ine k!e'k!oum: "'ksa uIa'Iuk.Ie'Ate t; ma ke'eon ska't'ne-s, ma kintslakile' 1mal. qa'psins kselsa-neIwiyna'ate s." qake'ine- kianq!alna'na: "(wasa'qanau'. torpa tsxzalwa'xe- ka'ake-n. tsxaI'et!xna'panex." qake'rine kle'k!oum:* "ke'e~n ka'a,kw-ns?" qake'ine. kianq!alna'na: "lh6, n'cnqa'pte-k ka'ake us." 50 qake'ine- k!e'k!oum: (ne'nko- ken'etke'nme-k iya'm-u tsu'pqa?" qake'ine- kianq!alna'na: '16, ta'xta na Ila'a husel-a.etke'nme-k te'tqa~t!. ta'x~as huseltkaxa"mne.." qake'ine- k!e'k!oum: I'm qa'o'xaI'et.-o'una-my'. n'etto'ume'k kianq!alna'na. qunya' - I Felix: tina'Ta~m. Felix; ctna,'xam'. BOAS] KTUTENAI TALES 227 The two-year-old Buck sang. He said to his wife: I "The Wolves are mad at us." He dug a hole, I and let his wife and his son go in. Then I the many warriors arrived where the young Buck was sitting. 1I Because he was working his manitou power, he had become a deer, 1 15 and he became what his name was. He went up a mountain. I He went up there to the top. Wolf I killed all the people. He looked for his brother-in-law. Where those who had been killed were piled up, I he did not see his brother-in-law. He knew that he had manitou power. [I He thought: "I shall not be able to kill him." He went 1 20 to his seat and sang. Then he became a wolf. He looked; and because he was working his manitou power, he saw ] the tracks of his brother-in-law. Then he went that way. I He looked, and saw him on top of a mountain. I( His brother-in-law was standing there, facing 25 this way. Wolf went up. Then the one I who had become a young buck saw him. Wolf started to go up to him. I He just began to go up; and when Wolf arrived, there was another high mountain. I He went down, and went up toward the top. I When Wolf was going down, at the place where his brother-in-law had been standing, there were his tracks. I| He saw another high mountain on the other side, and he 30 was standing on top. I Again Wolf went up. The Buck saw I the Wolf starting, and went down to a river. I He thought: "I'll go to my "father's mother, Fish." 1 Fish's I tent was on the other side of the river. When Wolf stepped I1 down to the place where his brother-in- 35 law had been standing, he was not there. I He saw his tracks going down. He followed them. Wolf thought: I 'Fish is bad. Maybe he will not give him to me. If I I do not catch him, and if he enters his grandfather's tent, I shall not be able to get him." I He started. When the Buck arrived and went in, Fish was sitting inside. I1 Fish 40 was t6ld by his grandson: "Put me somewhere. Wolf is pursuing me." Fish did not look at him. Buck spoke again. I Fish did not look at him. I He said whilehe was smoking: "Sak, sak, sak, sak, sak!" I (Buck) said again: "Hurry up! The Wolf is close by. He is coming along." |I Fish said: "What you say is bad. He is j your brother-in- 45 law. You loved each other. Why is he angry at you? " I Buck said: - "Hurry up! Wolf has almost arrived. I He'll bite me." Fish said: "Is he a wolf? " I Buck said: "Yes, he has become a wolf." 1I Fish 50 said: "Can you transform yourself into a deer? " I Buck said: " He is just outside. I became I a man again when I came in." Fish said: I "Lie down there!" The Buck lay down. I Fish touchedhis 1 Species unknown; a small fish with large head and small tail, 228 228 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 IZali- l*,k!c'k!o,,m a,'q!at!e/u'e s; u'l'ivse a,'q!at!i''e-s tsu'p55 qa's. yuwax,,mete'ktse- kianq!alna'na's. qake'lne.: "'maats wanxaam 'e n." yIqalwi'yne' kianq!alna'na: Ckoqualwi'ymi I ktsqoquakc'nvap, kuseltkaxa"m-l." pal tsell k!o-'k!ueis pa'lya's kiwa~.,ame-t k!e'k!oum. pal k11we'Iqa kianq!alna'na. tunwakakeswi-ts a' q!aneX- ta'xas n'up~rane -tikaza,"mse- ka'ake *ns. 60 Qalwi'yne- kianq!alna'na taxas kis!u'k!uni1'u'p~anaps ka'a,ke ns. qapes'uola'akatqle't!jne. qatse~kata'pse*. a 'ake- ka'ake-n Ia. etkc'nme k te'tqa t!s. neists ktsxaltina'xa 'm aa'ket.la.ese-s k!e'k!o11m's. qake'lne-: "kenqa.u'p~ca kianq!alna'na?" qatseikata'pse- neis ma skilyaqake'nskei kiaq!alna'nas, a'a'ke, 65 qa~ kina'psex. natstawitsnu'te-. taxta 'ts ke' 5tsxa k!e'k!om. qake'lne-: "ksa-nlaluk.le'ite-t ma ke'e-n ska't'ne-s; ma kintsla'kel-e'ima-1 qa'psins kinsdlsa-'nilwi'yna,,t " qake'1ne k!e'k!oum: "k!4kc'nme-k iya'm-u's kiauq!alna'nla " qake'ine- ka'ake-nu: "hA, n'enqa'pte-k." qake'1ne k!e'k!ouni: "qa'psins tsma'qsi-it70 ka'xa-'m kaaket.la"mi-i. pal ke'eiz tsu'pqa's, at tkaxa,"mneka ket.la"mi-I nets ke'e-n tetqa-t!s. anaxca' me'Ie-n'. lu xunmet-.qu'leik. at qaqana"ne- iya'mu." laanaxa;Imne- ka'akeun.*n'etke'n-e tsa'atsa s k ~k!oum. wasa' qana 'a110-. aa'k!anqu 't!e -s qanal'anme'te-. n'inqapta'kse- tsu'pqa's neis tSa'atsa-s qous le 'ne-'s 75 qawetsinu'qse-. neis k.laanalxam ka'ake-n, nVupýCane- qous Ic' 1ne-'s pal suwetsinulqse* neis kianq!alna'nas. 1atinaxa"mneka'ake-n. qake'ine k!'k!o11ms: "hamatc'ktsu yaqso"mil. hun'u' pIrIane- tsu'pqa qous le'ine ' s." qake'ine' k!e' k!oum: "pal kenqa'ke kcn'cnqa'pte-k ka'ake-n; a/'a'ke- kianq!alna'na k!tnqa'p80 te~k tsu'pqa's. taxita-' ka' ake-n mete'pxa tsu'pqa-'s xunmetqu'kue-'s aa'kenini'tu-ks, a a'ake- ka'ake-n at tsxalalqana'q,,ne-." qa-ke-'1nec ka' ake-n: "ha: pal qaqa'ane-." laanaxa"mne- ka'ake-n. n' etke'nme k. ka 'ake ns n'ednqa'pte -k. ta'xas n' alqana'qane-. sel' aqanetsa'pse- k!e'k!o,,ms pal kqa'ens tsu'pqa-'s qou, sawetsnu'q85 ske-, pal ke'e-ns tsa'hals k!e-'tkens tsu'pqa's. qa.c'n-e tsu'pqa qawetsnu'qkuec, n' c'n ~e. tsa'hal. neists k. laana'zxams ka' akens;kianq!alna'na Iao-'kunuxa"mne-. qake'lne- k!e'k!oums: "alqana' ntap' mc'le n'. hutsxal' upe'lne. pal k!o 'kuit ka'akenek!namo 'umiI."7 ta'xas k!e'k!oum n'OWO',,kne*. tsukua'te s 't!es. 90 nalakc'n-e. tsukua'te- aka,"mt!e s. tsukua'te- a k!ayukua'e s. tsukula'te. pal'ya"e-s. qake'ine- kianq!alna'na: "wasa'qana-n', pe'kaks tsxaI'alqanat'qane.-" qake'ine- k!c'k!oum: "kah: taxta-" na's n'e'noe" ta'xas n'anaxa"mne. u..Yu-waqke'n-e yaqso'mc'l'e-s. qawasa' qna-'ane-. ta: >xas tu 'xua tsiral' alqana'qane- ka'ake n. 95 ta'xas n'oqou:ýaxa"mne- k!e'k!oum a' ake- kianq!alna'na. tsukuafte Ilese'ie s k!e'k!oum. xunaqke-n-e nakuw-ke'n-e'. tu'xYa Ia'xa'nxof'une- ka'ake-ns ne~s Iou:ýuakcfne Iese'je s. naqu'lne-. Va'xas Iaxa'nxýo',,ne- ka'ake-ns, ta'Ixas kianqf!alna'na tsxalme't BOAS] KTUTENAI TALES 229. mittens, which were mittens of deer (skin). II He threw them on Buck, 55 and said: "Don't I move!" Buck thought: "I thought he I would do something for me, therefore I came in." There was just one mitten I which Fish threw on him. Buck was big, I and his legs stuck out. Then he saw Wolf come in. I1 Buck thought he would be seen by Wolf, I and did not turn 60 his eyes from those of Wolf, who did not see him. Now Wolf I retransformed himself into a man. When he was about to enter the tent I of Fish, he said to him: "Didn't you see Buck?" I He did not look at him. He did the same as he had done with Buck. II He did 65 the same. (Wolf) was coaxing him. After a while Fish spoke, I and said to him: "Your talk is bad. He is your brother-in-law. | You loved each other. Why are you angry at him? " Fish said: "Did Buck transform himself into game? " Wolf said: I "Yes, he transformed himself." Fish said: "Why should he II come into my 70 tent if he is a deer? If he should come I into my tent, he would become a man. Go out. Maybe I he went into the water. Game does that." Then Wolf went out. I Fish made a figure of grass. He hurriedly threw it out of the smoke hole. I The figure became a deevr, which stood there on the other side of the water. |[ When 75 Wolf went out, he saw I Buck standing in the water on the other side. Wolf went in again, I and said to Fish: "Give me a canoe. I I see a deer on the other side." Fish said: "You I said you became a Wolf, and Buck became II a deer. Later on, when a wolf runs after a 80 deer and it goes into the water I of a river, then a wolf also will swim across." I Wolf said: "Is that so?" Wolf went out. I He transformed himself into a wolf. He became one. Then he swam across. I Fish had told a lie. It was not a deer standing in the water; 11 it was grass that he had made into a deer. It was not 85 a deer I that was standing in the'water; it was grass. When Wolf had gone out again, I Buck arose, and said to Fish: I "Take me across, so that I may kill him, for he killed all my relatives." I Then Fish arose, took his blanket, |1 and put it on him. He took his 90 belt and took his hat. He took I his mittens. Buck said: "Hurry up! I He is about to swim across." Fish said: "He is still here." Then he went out and launched his canoe. [ He did not hurry. The Wolf had almost gotten across. 1I Then Fish and Buck went aboard. j 95 Fish took his paddle, put it into the water, and pushed with it. He almost I caught up with Wolf. Then he put the paddle in on the other side. He paddled, I and caught up with Wolf. Then Buck 230 230 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BITLL. 59 2.-ale- ka'akens. qawukata'psew neis qal,,woxo'~n as' 100 mc'l'es naq!makek.le tc'kse-. ka'ake fl nulpa'lne- yaqso"mils. tseika'te- neis ma, swetsinu'qse- kdianq!alna'nas: pc'k!a-ks pal tsxalselmetxana'pse-. qakc'lne: "a: ska'tuwa- ma kutsla'k.le-s maats VJplo-." qake'ine- kianq!alnaa'na: "hen tsqak!u'mnan15kp ayaxwuta'"Pane-. henv'o 'kt e- kaakinek!na"mu." ta'~as mit105 y4~'lne- ka'ake-n. n'upile'no. qake'ine- k!e'k!oum: "'ta'xas lats!ename'le n' telnamu"ne-s. xale"ne s k!umnaqaqa'anw." Ta'&xas huslq!apke'ine yaqani~ke'tke' niie1pe'kak. 68. SKUNK Ho'ya's, hutsxalhaqalpalne'ine- yaaqaqa'pske- k! etke'n tsa'atimo xa'xa-sts wu'qt!e- neis pe'k!atks. Qahanit.la'ane tsa'atimo xa-'xa s n'e' rvse- tsa'e's wu'qt!e-s. aa'ake- qanit.la'ane wa'ta-k na'se altetee'Vs, n'e'isena'mnlat!sts 5 q!u'tsa~ts. Nuwa'sine q!u'tsa-ts a,,'ku'la-ks. qake'ine-: "hao'mhao'm-." qak.la'pse- tete"e-s: "ha:'ksa kate-'te-, kate-'te, qa'psini ken'ifpskel?" qake'ine- q!u'tsa-ts: "hunuwa'sine-." qakila'pse- tete"e s: cctsukualte-n' qa'psin kenselho- ws. 10 qake-'ine q!u'tsa ts: "aa'ku'lak huslowa 'sine-. " qak.la'psetete"e-s: "Ctsukuafte-n' aa'kenxamulu'la-k kerle-'ek." 'qatsuk-ua'te- q!u'tsa-ts. qak-la'pse:- "kensilho-'was na qa'tsuk?" qake'lnew: "h6j." qak.la'pse- tete"e s wa'taiis: "ts en'ame'lkHwu'qt!e. tsxal' ille- nmla'qanane'ski. maatsentsxzaltseikatke'lne15 ca'xa-s. at saha'n-e. tsentsxalok!ue'ine- wu'qt!e nulaqanane'ski-I. at qahowa'sine wu'qt!e. qasts!u'mqaqa'ane kl!a,"na-m." Ta'xas ts!ena 'xe nana'atimo na'mlat!ts q!u'tsaits. qakila'psetete"e~s: "henvlaxa'ki-l elqa'hak hentsqao ~se'qapkne'ln. taxta'I walk~wa'yit.s hen'up-yame'lldi- la'wa-'m wu'qt!e. ta'xas 20 hen tsu'tsamilke'lne-. " k.la'xa m nana'atimu a:n'elqa'haks qaua"'o'saqa'ane-. ll'Up2.allW xa'xa-s pe.e'k!aiis kaaqat!o'uxua~s na.u'te -kcsta'ke -s pal kini**pk!aqa'qa. slaqaqa'psek!u'p~a qahoý"saqa'ane. sla'atiyil' aqtsakqxo'une-. n'ttke'ivenoipe'k!a-s. tsukua-te- set!e'se*s tsa'es. n'alake'rre*. n'anaixa'mne25 ueis nbpe~k!a'e s ta'zxas naqtsakxo',,se-. qake'ine q!u'tsa~ts:.,"ta'xas holhutsaxa'la qo11s n'en0w wu'qt!e-. pal sahowsaqa' ane-."ý qak.la'pse- tsij"we-s: "qa.e'ne' wu'qt!e qou kMaka'xa-'m. n'ne'we a 'xa s." qake'ine- q!u'tsa-ts: "qousts k!aka'xa-'m Wu'qt!e. sla:tiyilkikk.lu_3onate'tine a'x~a-s qous 30 a'qla-' s." qak.la'pse- tsu"ews: "qao-la'we xa'xa-s qou, kua'k.lo-xunafate-t. n'ula'se: riipek!a'e-s a'xa-s.1" wune-ke't.se., ta'Tas n'alse'nte k q!u'tsa-ts. qak.la'pse- tsu"e-s: "ta'xa lu'nvo hol-quna~a'la. maatsentsqo-'quahwi~yne- qa'en wu'qt le- pal BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 231 was about to shoot ) Wolf, who did not see him. He touched his canoe, 11 and it made a little noise. Wolf heard the canoe. I He looked 100 at it, and Buck was standing in the water, I about to shoot him. Wolf said to him: "0 brother-in-law! I love you. I Don't kill me!" Buck said: I "I shall not take pity on you, for you have killed all my relatives." II The Wolf was shot and killed. Fish said: I "Go 105 back to your wife. Your son is poor." I Now I have told all that happened in olden times. | 68. SKUNK Well, I'll tell you what happened, what the brothers I Skunk and Fisher did long ago. Skunk and his brother lived in a tent. Fisher was his younger brother. I There also was the tent of Frog and her granddaughters, Chipmunk and 11 Big Chipmunk. I 5 Chipmunk was hungry for meat, and said: "Haom, I haom!" Her grandmother said to her: "0 granddaughter, granddaughter! I what do you mean?" Chipmunk said: "I am hungry." I Her grandmother said to her: "Take whatever you hunger for." II Chipmunk said: 10 "I am hungry for meat." I Her grandmother said to her: "Take a little piece of dried meat. Eat it." I Chipmunk did not take it. She was told: "Do you want fresh meat?" I She replied: "Yes." Then her grandmother, Frog, said to her: "Go to I Fisher. He shall be your husband. Don't look at 1I Skunk. He is bad. Only Fisher 15 shall be your husband. I Fisher never is hungry. He is a skillful hunter." I Then the sisters Chipmunk and Big Chipmunk started. j Their grandmother said to them: "When you get there, stay at a distance. After a while, I in the evening you will see Fisher coming back. Then 1| you may go near." When the sisters arrived (at the tent), I they 20 staid at a little distance. Skunk knew already I that the two girls, were coming. He had manitou power; therefore I he knew that they were there. He was always pounding bones. He worked I his manitou power. He took his younger brother's blanket, put it on, and went out, I| and his manitou pounded bones. Chipmunk said: 1 25 "Let us go near! There is Fisher. 1 He is at home." She was told by her elder sister: "That is not Fisher I who came out, it is Skunk." Chipmunk said: I "Where Fisher came out, there is always the noise of Skunk pounding (bones) II inside." She was told by her elder sister: 30 "It is not Skunk who I makes the noise. Skunk's manitou does it." After a while I Chipmunk insisted. Then her elder sister said: "Well, I let us go, but do not feel badly about it if it is not Fisher. I 232 232 I3BUREAUY OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 tBULL.59 ke'nsel' alse'nte k. ma, kqa'kew katetena'la t axt a' walk,,wa'yi-t-s 35 kutsqunaxala'e's la'wa-s wu'qt!es." Ta'xas ts!tna'ze-. kdla/x~a'm tinaxa"mne ii' u'px hJie nok!ue 'yse -a xafws luname'sine. namatektsa'pse aatku'laks xa 'za~s. ta'xas n'e'kine-. qak.la'pse-: 'le'1n'o'tiktseske'lae40 qake'lne-: "na qahosaqa'pki'L." ta'xas ne1 nana'atimo la'ntao'-ca/xe-. qakesusa' qa'ane.- ta'xas xa'xa-s sla:\tiyi-l' a'qtszo "1ne wa'tskana' s. Ta'xas Iawa'xe- wu'qt!e-. qake'lne- ta't!e-s: "ts!enyaxa 'ak!o-un'. hutseiku 'Ine." qawaxame -tektse aa'kuqle 'it!e s. 45 wulec't.sw- wuo'e-s wu'qt!ex. qalwi'yne xa'xa-s qa.e 'n seltsxalqatso',ukua-t naas na.u'te-'s wu'qt!e-. ta'zxas k!o-'wo-k, tsukua'te- wa'tskana's xa'xza s. la'ntawaxame te'ktse- nets nana'/ timo-'s. qake'ine xa'xa~s: I "la'ISESES, a'IasEsEs." ta'xas tu-'xua kts!ana'xa'm qake'inw-: "maatS wa'nkiskeskes." 50 ta'xas kts!c'na'm xa'xa-s qalwi'yne-: "pal kselwule'et.s wuo'e~s wu'qt!e-. hulqa'o~xam kawu'o-." ta'xas laxa'xe'. qsaak!o 'une. la'hutstnqku'pekt'm-ek xa'xa s. qalwi'yne-: "hulwasel alaxa 'mi 1. qae'nseltsqatso /ukua t neis na. utekcsta 'ke s." lalaxza'xe* namatt'ktse* tsaf'e s neis wu'o-s. tsukualte55 wu'qt!e-. n'u'pX~ane- pal n'e'nse- wuo.e'se-s xa'xa-s. qous la'qa,wa:S8me'te-. qakile'lne xa 'xa s: "kaas kstleia- kawu 'o-. n~/~*wuo 'ne's." namatiktsc'lne laa'k.!laks a,,'ku'qle-'s. qsaak!o'unex. laska-'xex ta'xas lats!rna'kine- yek!taqalku60 kuenirw. na ta'iao sakilhaqa'naq!nu'kune- neis nula'se' neis kuye~k!taqalku/kuew xa'-yas. ta'xas k.lala'xa-'n. namatt'ktsetsa",es wU '0.S. Kul'e'ikul wu'qt!e qaklcl'lne xa'xa-s: "ts!enyaxa'q!uwun'." neists ksakamu'xo- wu'qt!e n'u'pxane k-la'x~a s na. u'tekcsta'65 ke-s. k!o'utaps, y.a'xa-s pe'k!a-ks ktso'ukua-t.s. ta'xas sclsa\haiielwiyna' ate* ta'ft!e~s. tsukua'1e aa'qu'qt!e-s wu'qt!ex n'itnu'ste- neis at~qu'qt!es iya'm-u's. ta'xas nei aqu'qt!eat qal'ate'lne- wtlma'pes. neists kqakc'lil xa'xa-s k.Its!enyaxa'q!uo-. namatiktse'lne- neis k!etnu'sle-'s aa'qu'qt!e-s. qaile'lne-: 70 "hents~calts!ena'kine, pal kselwalkuwa'yi't." ta'zxas qaiwi' ynexxas ta'xas qa.e'n-siltsqatso Iukua t wu'qt!e- naas na. u'tekesta'Ikes. a'a'ke- latsukua'te- wa'tskana-'s. qa nlant'ax me'tex- qake'lne,: "a'lassESE, a'asEsEs..MaatS wa'nkeskcskes." ta'xas Vs!ena'xe xa '>a s. k.la'xam neis yaaqaaha~kqa'psk-e1 75 aa'ku 'a-k. ta'xas n'e'tuqlukl!samu'n-e neis aatkts!e'ka-s.2 qa.u'p~xane- neis ke'e'ns aa'qu'qt!e'-s. qalwi'yne- ke'e'ns a'kts!'ka-s. pal k etnu'sle-s. ta'xas n' alaxo~e ~lo~o I Pierre: yaaqaakqalp8ke,. Pierre: aa'ktslel7ca-18. BOAS] KUPTENAI TALES 233 You urge me very much. Our grandmother said after a while, in the evening, 11 when Fisher comes home, then we should go there." I 3C Then they started. When they arrived, they entered, and saw i Skunk alone, nobody else. Skunk gave them meat. I Then they ate. He said: I "Your grandmother wants me to marry you." Skunk prepared a place in the rear of the tent. II He said to them: "Stay 40 here." Then the sisters I went to the rear of the tent and staid there. Skunk was I pounding dried meat all the time. J ThenFisher came home. He said to his elder brother: "Go I and get some water. I want to drink." He threw his drinking horn to him. II Fisher's water was far away. Skunk thought: [ "Fisher might take 45 the girls." Then he arose. I Skunk took dried meat and threw it backward to I the sisters. Skunk said: "Divide-de-de-de it." ( When he was almost going out, he said: "Don't move-ve-ve-ve!" II Then 50 Skunk started. He thought: "Fisher's water is far away. I shall go to my water." Then he arrived there I and dipped it up. Skunk started to run. He thought: "I I want to get back quickly. He might take those girls." I He came back and gave the water to his younger brother. Fisher took it, [I and knew that it was Skunk's 55 water. Therefore he threw it back. I Skunk was told: "This is not my water, I it is your water." He was given another horn, I and was told: "Draw some of my water." Skunk started. I He just dipped up the water and came back. He came back quickly, 11 and 60 spilled it while running. Now there remain many little lakes, the result of I what Skunk spilled while walking. Then he came home and gave I the water to his brother. I After Fisher had drunk, he said to Skunk: " Go and get my game." I Fisher had known while he was away that the two girls had arrived, II and that they wanted him, and that Skunk had already taken them. 65 Therefore I he was angry at his elder brother. Fisher took entrails. I He painted the entrails of the game red. These entrails | are called "rectum." Then Skunk was told to bring in I the meat. He was given the painted entrails. He was told: II "Go quickly, because the 70 sun is getting low." Then Skunk thought I that Fisher might take those two girls. I Again he took dried meat and threw it backward. I He said: "Divide-de-de-de it. Don't move-ve-ve-ve!" I Then Skunk started. When he came to the place where the meat was, II he 75 tied it with that line. I He did not know that it was entrails. He 4, 234 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.5 [BULL. 59 q!aqa'pse- neis aa,,kts!~ka's. qake'ine xa'xa-s: "hya. ko-q!,a'kake'nmo ka'tsa." ta'xas n'e-sqa'tile.e'tine*. 80 Ta'xas neis kts!t'nam xa'xa-s. qake'ine- wu'qt!e': "ta'xas tu'nuwaka 'ki 1. qa 'psin kenselwa'se ihutska 'ki-l. taxta-' kula 'warn ta'ixta zma hcnhutskakt'lne-. ta'xas e'ikeK aatku'la-k. henul'e'ikei hutsu'qananiyala"ne-." ta'xas n'ekine- nana' - timo aa'ku'Ia-ks. 85 Ku'l'k qakei'new: "ta'xas hoiluqna'neya'la. saha'n-e xa 'was. nopk!aqaqar'ane. tS~al'o'ktawa'Sane.") qake'ine, wu'qt!e'.: "es Ia"nta-s q!a'pilhaqa'pse- hoq!ka'6&s. q!a'pe-'s aka'kin-me'kPl." ta'xas nei nana'atimo naka"nte- neis huq!ka.'fseos xaf' a~s. 90 Qake'ine-: "kaa ko 'Pa'qanaxa'la noulite'tine- kaakit.la'aniil xca'Xa s." qake'ine q!u'tsa-ts:. "hults!caxa'la kak'ta. ta', as ts!ena'xe*. tinaxa mne-. qa'taltinaxa/Imneo wu'qt!e pal tsa'le.et~nana'seo. qake'inew na'mlat!: "hults!enaxa'la kaa,k 'tlia." k. la'xam ktina 'xa'ma, a'ake- qa'taltinaxa' mne* wulq 95 t!e-. qake 'ne- wu'qt!e': "ta'xa-s hults!ena,ýa'1a kaake't.la, mt'ksa'n noulewte'tine xa'za-s kaaket.la"mil." ts!na'xe- n'itkc'n-e nbpe'k!a-s wu'qt!w-. qaakc'sntts!la.e'nse-. n'ttke'nme-k. n'cnqa'pte k. neis ts~ma'k!iilwu'qt!e s. u'etke'ne' nao 1k!ue-s t~namu"e s. n'enqapta'kse* neis tsEma'k!ilna'mlat!s. a'a'ke100 ii' tkt'ne nao 'k!ue s telnamu"e s. n'enqapta'kse* neis tsRma' k!ilq!u 'tsa-ts. ta'xas waq!anu'n-e neis aa',ktts!la'e ns. Qahosaqa',,ne'. ta'ýcas ca 'xa-s neis kwa,,'milnt'k~e'ts, nula'n-e- wu'qt!e, sl' a'qal'esqat!le. e't.s~e, qalwi'yne- ktsxalhot!nenmitqa'ptseit ta'te-s. ta'xas xa'xa-s n'et!ko'un~e. at laq!1051( a~kqa/pse* neis a,,tkts!e-ka'e-s. qa.u'pxane- neis ke'cns welma 'pis. qalwi'yne-: "ta'xas hule'ima-t naa aa 'ku,'la-k." pal ta'xas kscltselmi-'yet.s ta'xas ma'te-. lats!tna'xe'. k.lala'xam ny'U, P).,alle pal nuquna'ne-yame'sinex lctcnq!oku'pse-. ta'xas n'ela'new. qalwi'yne-: "kultsxa'l'e-p pal ksil'csqat!l~e'et."I 110 qake'ine xa'xa-s: "ka'yap! naso',,kue-n, naso'ukue-a. )I tsej-. ka'te- hoq!ka'e-s. lailo'use. q!a'peis lo'use-. n'u'pralle- n'ok!ue'se- sawetsqa'pse- hoq!ka'e-s. tSaqana~yca')mne% sukwilq!u'kune-. qalwi'yne-: "ta'xas kusch~a'tkino-ku." qawesaqa'ane- neis ktsclme-'yct.s. w'lna-ms nulpalnc'lne selts-a 'ne-, 115 qakile'hie nej nana'atimo na-'mlat!: "Iken'o'ukul'akakenme'lki' hoq!ka'e s? " qake'ine- na'mlat!: "ma, kuoukui~laka~kefivmi-U.1 qake' ine q!u'tsa-ts: "ma kou'k!uji'qaakakc'nmi 1." qake'nae* wu 'qt!e-: "ta'xas tsxal'ouktawa'sine xa'xa-s. saha'nwe. n'it,'nse '* -nu*pek!a'w-s nets hoq!ka'e-s. ta'xas selqa'tal'epine-. 120 ta'ýcas ts-yalsaantlwiynatawa 'sine "I Laaka~za"mne:ja'xa-s. nawas:Zo'ume-k. n'etke'won'e ipe'k!a-s. nIi'nqa'ptek flneis tsi~ma'k~il:Fa'.Tas. nejs pe'k!a-ks welqa'anef BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 235 thought it was I a line. It was painted red. He put it on his back. When he arose, I the tump line broke. Then Skunk said: "Oh, I I broke my brother's tump line!" Then it became cold.|| When Skunk started, Fisher said: " Now I come out! Why did you 80 come here early? Later on, | when I came back, then you ought to have come. Now eat meat!I After you have eaten, we will move away." Then the sisters ate I meat. ]1 When they had eaten, they were told: "Now let us move! Skunk 85 is bad. I He has manitou power. He will kill us all." Fisher said: I "There in the corner of the tent are all his rotten bones. Take them all out." I Then the sisters took out Skunk's I bones. I Fisher said: "Where shall we go? Skunk knows the place where 90 my tent is." I Chipmunk said: "Let us go to my tent!" I Then they started. They entered; but Fisher could not I go in, for it was too small. Then Big Chipmunk said: "Let us go I to my tent!" When they arrived, they went in, but Fisher could not go 11 in. Fisher 95 said: "Then let us go to my tent, I although Skunk knows the place of my tent!" I Then Fisher worked his manitou power, and two trees stood there. He transformed himself, I and became a real fisher. He transformed one I of his wives, and she became a real big chipmunk; |1 and he transformed his other wife, and she became I a real chipmunk. 100 Then they climbed one of the trees. I They staid there. Then Skunk, when there was a wind storm, I which Fisher had made, and therefore it was cold, thought his I elder brother would cause him to freeze to death. Then Skunk was cold. 11 He left his tump line at the door. He did not know that it was 105 entrails. I He thought: "I'll leave this meat." I Then, when it was dark, he left it. He went on. When he came back, I he knew that they had moved camp. There was no fire. Then I he cried. He thought: "I'll die, because it is cold." [I Skunk said: (?) "Chief, 110 chief!"1 j He looked for his rotten bones. They were all gone. Then he saw [ that there was one rotten bone in a hole. He went in. He was glad. I He thought: "Now I am saved." I He staid there that night. Early in the morning he was heard talking. J| Then the 115 sisters were asked: "Big Chipmunk, did you take out all I his rotten bones?" Big Chipmunk said: "I took them all." I Chipmunk said: "There is one bone that I did not taske." Then Fisher said: I "Then Skunk will kill us all. He is bad. I That rotton bone is his manitou. Now he can not die. II He will make war on us." | 120 Skunk came out. He sang. He worked his manitou power. I Then he became a real skunk. Long ago the skunk was large. I He killed i My interpreter could not translate this sentence. 236 236 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 xafxa-s. at n'upe'lne- q!a'pe-'s qa'psins, mc'ka tsEma'k!e-s. neists k!cnqa'pte k tsEma'k!i1xa'xas-. nawasco'umie-k. q ake'i125 ne-: "a-q!ono',ko- no~ukuey, a-q!ono',,ko- no'kle-; aa,'k*-q!arvotsa'ko maa-k!." kulawasxo'ume-k. qake'ine-: "pa'me k kilaqol~ka'1uqle 'et nets lunik!le 'et. s." luqua'q!o 1u'kpanex La:11 -ttts!Ia. e'nse'. neis lunik!le'et.s luqua'q!o lu'kpane-, a'a'keIa:ktets!la. t'nse-. n' asqa'panets!Ia. e'nse-, nao 'k!ue 's qao"'aq! o130 Lu 'kpane-. n' akaqku~pilqaq,,na'pse-. altelnamou'timo s wu'qt!e s neis k.lohants!la'e-n-sqahoxaqa'n-muqlu'k!uatsq!a'nse-.'1 a'tsino~is Io11:aq!olu 'kpne-. Ia/ts~ineis la~uuqwaqkupi'Lqaqana,"nealtelnamo 'utimo wu'qt!e. qahakilatsu 'kpane-2 xa'xa -s. nuk.Iu 'kune- q!u'tsa-ts. n'ukuaxu'n-e. qao ~'x,,'e a'xa-s neis q!u'135 tsa ts qanaqa'rrq!o-iu'kpane- aa'k!alma. t'se-s q!utsa ts. nulka'wumztku 'pse. ta'zxa s lame'4a ne- neis t elnamo '1timo's wuqt!e -s. aa'ake- n'ukuaxu'nve namlat!. neis ma skilyaaqakc'nke q!u'tsaits. a'akes qake'n-e. ta',-as n'uk!l"qape'3ne- wu'qt!e-. wune ke<t.se k!a'tsukpu'ýcanaps xa'-a s. ta'xas 14u'k.Iuk 140 wu'qt!e- a'a'ke- n'ukuaxu/nec n'ouktr'Lne aLtelnamo'utimo wu'qt!e-. Qao'xalxe xa'xa-s. tsukua'te, neis nana'atimo 's, Ia. tkt'nwe. la.ctq!a'naxa"mse-. ta'~ias n'e'n-se-tlinamu"e-s. Qake'iine* a'xa~s: tax>a-s kaa, ko-Laaqanaxa'La? saha'rre145 wu'qt!w. Ia.etq!a"nxa-m' tsxaL'ouktawa'sine-." qake'inena 'miat!: "hults!enazxa'la ka,,ke't.la." neists kMoukue'tka xa'xa-s ta'xas Ia. ttkenme k tc'tqa't!s. a'a'kew la. itke'n-e- pa'1keis neis nala'a~timo'S. laqa. e'nse* neis IsEma'k!elna'mlat!sts q!u't~jats. ta',-as ts!ena'xe- aaket.laye-s na'mLat!. ttnaxa"'mne-. tsale'itna150 na'se*. qake'iine a'xa~s: "Iaa'kaxa'in' en'." laakaxa"mnena'nilat!. ta'xas xa'xa~s n'atsu'kpane-. ta'xas n'umetske'wenolfukueys. ta'xas w~el-e't. se. tenaxa "mile. ta >as ktselmi-'yct. s n' ttxo'ume k. qayaaqawahakqa'ane ixa 'x~a s, yanaxuana'ksealtelnamu" e s. ta'xas wune ke't.se'. ktse~mP 'yct.s qaq!u'mne'i1,55 se- alteIuamu"e-s. qake'Ine-: " t a'as hulq!umne-na'la. hunuklu 'kune-." qatscn k!apaltiyaxna'pseo at q!utseta'pse*. skina'pse- maats k.Lq!u"mne-. ta'x.as tSEma'k!iLh-ats!alaqa"neW xa'xa-s. qake'Ine:, "ta'xa-s, taxta-' atutsla'k.lenq!oyala-"ne-;" at Iaq!utsejta'pse-. ta'xas q!u'mne' ine ýa 'xas; mc'ka kq!u160 tse'itiI qa'tal-a-haq!male'itsin. n'up-ýanie * nei nanaa'timo ta'xas kseltSEma'k!iLq!akp ake't. leits xa'xa-s. qaIdLa'/mne-: "(ta'xas hol ats!enaxala'e-swu'qt!e-. ta'xas laowo'kne-. tsukuate'Ine xa'xa~s. pal ke'e-n araiuwuk.1e'et neis yaaqahank!anme'ike',5nets Ioquakine'lne xa'ca-s. n'c' se- aak Ia'm'e-s neis ' Pierre: qao'xaqa 'n-muqlu'kluatsq!a 'n~e*. 4 Pierre: qayaaqawaakqa,"ne-. 2Pierre: qaakilatsu'kpnae-.6 Pierre: yaaqanklanme'ike. 8Bwd~ec~te. FAR. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 237 everything, even strong animals. I When he became a real skunk, he sang, 1I and said: "Burnt rocks, burnt rocks, remains of a burnt I bone!" 125 lie finished singing. He said: I "There is a faint sound on the other side." Then he sent out his fluid, I and the tree was no longer standing there. Then he sent his fluid to the other side, and I the tree was no longer standing there. There were two trees left. He sent his fluid to one of them. II Fisher and his wives came out quickly I and jumped 130 across to the other tree. I He sent his fluid to the other side, and I they jumped again to the other tree, Fisher and his wives. Skunk sent out his fluid. I Then Chipmunk was tired and fell down. Skunk went to Chipmunk II and sent his fluid into her mouth. I Then her 135 belly swelled up. Then he shot with his fluid at Fisher's (other) wife, I and Big Chipmunk also fell down; and as he had done to Chipmunk, I he did to her also. Then only Fisher remained. I After some time Skunk shot his fluid again. Then Fisher became tired 1I and 140 also fell down. He killed Fisher's wives and I Fisher. | Skunk staid there. He took the sisters, and he restored them to life. I Then they became his wives. | Skunk said: " Where shall we go now? Fisher is bad. Ij If he should 145 come to life, he will kill us all." Big Chipmunk said: | "Let us go to my tent!" When Skunk had killed them all, I he became a man again, and the sisters became women. *'They were no more a real big chipmunk and a chipmunk. I Then Big Chipmunk started for her tent. They entered. 1I Itwas too small. Skunksaid: "Come out!" BigChip- 150 munk came out. I Then Skunk shot his fluid, and the stone broke. I Then it was a large place. They entered. At night I they lay down. Skunk lay in the middle, | and his wives were on each side. After some time, when it was dark, II his wives did not sleep. He said to 155 them: "Let us sleep! [ I am tired." They did not listen to him, but they tickled him. I They did this so that he should not go to sleep. Then Skunk became very sleepy. I He said to them: "It's enough. Let us play later on." I They tickled him 'again. Then Skunk slept; and even though they tickled him, 1I he did not wake up. The sisters 160 saw I that Skunk was really dead asleep; and they said to each other: I "Now let. us go to Fisher!" They arose. I They took Skunk. The helo was on a mountain, I and they turned Skunk the other way. His 238 238 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETH1NOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 165 ~atk!a'laxwi'e-ts, neis yaakile'nske aakawuk.le 'et.s n'cn-seaa'ksa'q!e-s ta'xas laanaxa-"mne- nei nan-a'timo. nawasxof Ume k. n'etke'n-e nupc'k!a s nets ma yesk!ame'jke- na'mla-t!. qasqaple. e't.se xa'xa s. q!a'piltsernxuna'pse- no kueys. ta'2xas lats!ena'xe- na'mlat! nana'atimO y~aqaakqa'pske- wu'qt!e-s. 170 K.lala'xam laetke'n-e Ia.etq!a"nixa'ms, ta'xas k.lao',,wuk WU'qt~le- n'upzýane- altclnamu"e-s. qake'lne-: "kaas ke'e n xza'fa s." qak-la'pse-: "qou sawetsqiialle- aatkwk1ets. qakc'lne-: "ta'xas hults!enaxa'Ia eIqa'ha-k a'm-ak. at saha'n-e-xa xa-s; me'ka neis ktsEma'k!e-s no'kl1eys ken'175 etkename'IkH- tsxal' umetske'n ex tsxal aakaxa' 'mne-." ta'xzas ts!ena'xe altt Knamo'utimo wu'qt!ex ma'te- am-a'k!e s..Qahak.le'itsine xa'xa s. naq!male'jtsjne-. l'u'p-Yane pal selsaxuna'pse- telnamu"e-s. qake'ine-: "a:ilu'n -u qa'haxone'iki-l, hentsaxu'napke'lne-." qawanzxa'amse-. a'a'ke- laqa180 kc'lne-: "a:IIIU'nu qa'hazxune'-ki-l." neis qalwanxo 'iine', dllUp:ýale- tsEmak!e'ise-. ta'xas wanxa"mne-. pal q!a'pilhawetsxuna'psex. pal suwetsqa' ane 110 fukueys, pal q!a'pilq!u'ntkaxuna'kse- neis ye'ske-. yana'ha-ksts nas yu'n iinek!xo'e -S. pal secP aqa'talwanxa" mne. ta'xas n'ila'ne-, 185 qalwi'yne-: "ta>xas kultsc'l'e-p." n'u'p-ý-ne- me'ka at ma k!umt'tskin no fukueys. ta'xzas n' atsu'kpane-. qaakil' atsu'kpalle 11' ats-u 'kpanle, 11'atsu 'kpallC -.wune-ke't. se k!a'atsukp, ta'xas lawansa'q!ane-. qahakil'atsu'kpane-, ta'xiis laq!a'pilwanxaf'mne'. na'tstkil' atsu'kp,,ne- ta'xas wel e. e't-se-. pal 190 selqa'talea.u'p~rane- kiyu'k~yit.s. qalwi'yne*: "nei hulinlu Vquavxo 'ume-k." neis luquaxaflmne-. ta'xas laatsu'kp,,ne-. wunckc't. se- n' u 'p-zane tsak!aalmi'yitnana 'se-. pal sel atsu'nok!o'une-. qake'ine': "ha-: ma qa-psqawe:'sclno'hos."I ta'xas a 'atke- laatsu 'kpaflC. ta 'xas a:1' almak!anu 'kse-. ta'xas 195 nuk.lu'k,,ne k!a'atsukp. qalwi'yne.: "ho'ya's hultse'ika t naqa'sjmak!a'anu k." n' akakc'n-e- aq!ulu'kp!e s. qao-xake'n-e a xak.la'akuwu'ut!e-s neis aa'q!ulu'kp!e s 1' an.a.kl!o '1ne-. Qahana'xe qu'kue-n. n'u'p2.a1e- yaaqakana'pske- xa c'xa s qous qawcsqa'anelfa-'a-s. neists kt!ana'k!o- aatql!ulu'kp!e s 200 qca'xas. naas aa'kaq!ne'e-s qu'kuena naas qahak!o'use' 2 qatseika'te-. kwune'ke-t.s latinak!u'ne- xa'xa-s aa'q!ulu'kp!e-s. naku'm-seke'jte-. qake' ine-: "k.lctc'm sekqle'lxo- qu Ikue n k.lqa'qoqua'kam at k!u'k!uil. qao'k!qaxo'ume k.", pal kqatse'ika-t.s n'up-ya'seo neists ktsra1' a'kum se'kejt. sel' at'qal205 qatseika'te'. laaw-ak!o'une-. qake'ine xa-'xa-s, nawasxo'ume-k. qake'ine.: "lla'p ho-he'ha; ha'p ho-he'lia; ha'p io-he'ha." 1 Pierre more quickly: qapsqawes~no'hos, 2 Pierre: qaa.,klno't.qe. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 239 head was 11 toward the door, and his legs lay toward the mountains. 1 165 Then the sisters went out again. They sang. I They worked their manitou power, and the size of Big Chipmunk's holeI was almost the size of Skunk. The stones squeezed him all over. Then I Big Chipmunk and her sister went back to where Fisher lay. 1 When they got there, they restored him to life; and when Fisher 170 arose, I he saw his wives. He said to them: "Where isI Skunk?" They said to himi: "He is in a t~ole in the mountain."I He said to them: "Let us go to a far-away country. I Skunk is bad. No matter how strong the stones 1 you made, he will break them, he will come out 175 again." Then I Fisher and his wives started and left the country. I Skunk was asleep. He woke up, and knew I that his wives hurt him. He said: "Move away a little! I You hurt me!" They did not move; and 11 he said again: "Move away a little!" He pushed them, and 180 he noticed that (what he touched) was hard. Then he moved, and everything was tight on his body. He was in a hole in the rock. It was all I around him on each side of his body and on top of his body. I He could not move. Then he cried. 1 He thought: " I must die." He 185 knew that he evenJ used to break rocks. Then he sent out his fluid. He went on sending out his fluid,I sending out his fluid, sending out his fluid. After he had sent out his fluid for some time, I he could move a leg. He went on sending out his fluid, andI he could move all around. For a long time he sent out his fluid, and then the space was large. 11 He could not see the daylight. He thought: "Let me I lie 190 the other way," and he turned the other way. Then he sent out his fluid again. I After some time he saw a little hole. The rocks opened. I He said: " Oh, it looks like a star!"I He sent his fluid again. Then the hole was larger. Now I he was tired sending out his fluid. He 195 thought: "Now let me seeJ how large the hole is." He took out his musk bag and put it on the end ofI his bow. He stuck it out.I Raven was going along at this time. He saw what Skunk was doing. I He stood there outside; and when Skunk put out his musk bag 11 here in front of Raven, he passed it in front of him. I He did not 200 look at it. After some time Skunk took his musk bag in again. I He smelled of it, and said: " It might smell like the eye of Raven. I Maybe he is coming this way. He is one who is always going about." (Raven) had not looked at it, I because he knew that (Skunk) would smell of it. Therefore 11 he had not looked at it. (Skunk) put it out 205 again. Skunk sang, I and said:I "44Uaphohe^'n nV1ta! hapholihal haplioheliall" 240 240 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL, 59 N'4tke'nme k qulkuens. n'tnqa'pte-k neis tsEma'k!ilqu'kuins. nuq! yu'k! o'une- neis aaq!ulukp!e'se s xa'xa-s. nulnux~i'n-e 210 pat k! nqa'pte-k nels tsEma'k!ilqu'kuins, sel'aqalhulnuxu'n e-. n'u' pý.ane-xa'xa~s neis aalkikqap~cuney~ieses qu'kuins. qake' ine: "Ya"r." latkaq!alkenec aa~k.lakuwo'ut!e s. lo'use- aq!olu'kp!215. n aaso:' ivane-.qake'ine-: "ka'yap! naso:fkue-n, kay'yap! ns:kue~n, naso:'kle-n.)' pal ke'ens ktSErnak! qa'pimo neists 25ktsukua't.le~s sil' a'qalwdke'jne- k!e'dla. qake'ine-: "hcn'kts! aaqa'nalu'kuilmi-'yit."~ ta'xzas tsen k! a'paltt'lik xa'xa s. nIy U I'P:ýane - qa'lakna'sqa'nalwaakikqa'p~cuna'kse- qu 'kuins. laapSkeikal'okua'kikqapT~una'kse-. ta'xas q!a'kqap~r-una'kse-. qa220 ke'ine*: "qo11 lu'n-u at ma kuqa"'ha' alkqaats naa la:'n-a qa'o-xal-a.u'n-alu 'kuelmi-'yit." qahakqa,"ne xa'xa-s. tsukuafteaalktsama'l'es. lu'q11ne- aa'ksa'q!e s. n'anake'ne. pal k!i'ktsle. etna'nas. ts::albaqa'tal' anaxa"mne-. s5' aqaqana"ije- k.lu'qua aa'ksa'q!e-s. k!ana'ke-n. aa'ake- lu'qune- nao-'k!ue-s. a'a'ke 225 n'anake'rre*. lu'qune- aa'k.la't!e-s. aa'ake n'anake'ne. neis k!uik!qa'pe'ys aa'k.la't!e-s. lu'qune-. n'anaqayqa'pse-. ta'xas lalo.u'se- aatq! onakilma'k! es. nawasxo'ume-k. qake'ine-: " HuI'a:'naqa'yuk! a 'Ia -kkat" me -k; hiul'a:'naqa'yuk!a 'Ia-kkamek." 230 Ta'xas sa-kaqayqa'pse- aatkouk! aila'ak!e s. ta'xas Ia. anaqayqa'pse-. qao&>xaqayqa-'m e-k nao-'V!ue 's aa'k.la-'t! es tsukua'te- nao-'k!ue-'s lat!apts ak'n-e-. tsukua'te- aa'ksa'q!e-s a''ke' laxa'tsinilt!apts!ake'n-e. ta'xas lao-wo'kune xa 'xa s. ta'zxas xa'xa-sqawtsqa'ane-. saha'n-se-. k-la'lo-s aatquqt!e'es. 235 qao v.a'xe-. tsukua'te.aa ku'la is. qanak'n'e-. to fuxua so 'ukuse-. Ts!ena'xe- ne~s ma yaaqana'nuxzu'ske- qufkuins. nets lawat!t'naks. qana'xex wat! a'xe. ts Linalhulq-a'atSe- aa'kenuqle'e-t.s. wule. e't.se-. ta'xas laxa'xe- aa'kik.luna'me s. neists k.la'xam qil/kuin la.etke'nme-k te'tqa-t!s qu'kuin. ta'xas qake 'in 240 "huselwalkinme'lne- aa'qt qolu'kp e-s xa'xa-s." ta'xas q! a-'pew sukuilq!ukna,'mne-. qakiya'mne-: "ta'xas xa'xa~s at tsxal-aqa.upe'lne' q!a,'pe-'s qa'psins. k.la'lous aa'q.1olu'kp!e-s." ta'xas at k-lenq!oymole'sjiae-. ta'xas wune-ke't. se kk.lenq!o'ymo 1, 245 ne-: "qa'la kc'n'e-n?" qake'ine xa'xais: "nei lu'w-qo aakinuqle-'et hoquaqa'xe%. hoqua'k.kv-k k.lu'nvqo-ke'ikaqts! lam-a Iwuxone'likhenmaIWO.)' qakike'lne-: " qous sn'et. lane nasofukue-n qa'k.leik qu'kuins. n'cn-e- ta'xta' ke'wam naas aakik.luna'me-s, nalkc'n-e-xaxa-s aa'q!ulukp!cse s. aa'ake250 a'e'ne- nasofukuw-n qa'k.Ie-k k.la'wla. n'a'sine-llaso/ukle-n n a a'kik.lu"nam.' quna 'xe a'xa-s a,'ket-lae'se-s qu'kuins. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 241 Raven transformed himself into a raven. He became a real raven. He took hold of Skunk's musk bag with his bill. Then he flew away, [| because he had become a real raven, therefore he could fly. I Skunk 210 noticed the flapping of the wings of Raven, and said: "Oh!" He pulled in his bow quickly. His musk bag was gone. | Then he cried, and said: "(?)... chief, I chief!" for his power ] had beentaken 215 away from him; therefore he cried. He said (to himself): I "You' always make too much noise about your ears. Now, listen whether I the sky will make noise!" Then Skunk listened. I He noticed that Raven went right up. Then it came down making a noise. Then the noise stopped. |l He said: "There, farther along, I walk about. 220 Here, on this side, | went down the noise from the sky." Skunk was lying there. He took I his knife and cut off his leg. He pushed it out. I Because the hole was small, he could not get out. Therefore he did so. He cut off | his leg. He pushed it out. He also cut off the other one and || pushed it out. He cut off his arm and put it out, 225 too. Now there was. one arm left. He cut it off, and it rolled out. Then I all his limbs were gone. He sang, and said: | " Let my back roll out, Let my back roll out." i Then his back rolled out. Then he rolled out. I He rolled himself 230 on his one arm. He took I the other one and stuck it on. He took his leg, and he I stuck on both of them. Then Skunk arose. Then | Skunk stood up. He was bad. He had no entrails. 11 Then he 235 went and took leaves and put them in. Then he was almost good. I He started to the place where Raven had flown, there across the mountains.1 I He went along. He went across the mountains, and he went along the prairie. | Far away he came to a town. When Raven had arrived, I he had transformed himself into a man. Then he said: I "I have brought with me Skunk's musk bag." Then 240 they were all I glad. They said: "Now Skunk will I no longer kill everything. He has no musk bag." Then I they played with it. They played with it for a long time. | Then Skunk came. A man was seen coming along. He was told: I| "Who are you?" Skunk said: 245 "I come from that prairie | over there. I am named I Coming-fromthe -Prairie - far-away-with-'Head-washed-with-White-Clay-carryingmy-Bow-Sideways." He was told: "Over there is the, tent I of the chief. His name is Raven. He just came I to this town and brought Skunk's musk bag. Now, I| there is also a chief named Grizzly 250 Bear." There were two chiefs | in this town. Skunk went to Raven's 1 Through Crow's Nest Pass. * ' 85543~0-Bull. 59-18- 16:: 242 242 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 neis k.laxa('lke n qu'k1uin aai,,ql ulukp!e'se-s xa'xa-s n' ttke'ne, n'cnqapta'kse- tset!na'nas. neists ktina'xa'm xa'xa-s naas aýka'laxwu'e-ts qaanluk!ua'tse- tset!na'nas. mitiyaxna'pse-. 255 sukuilq!u'kse. qake'ine-: "k! aaqakc'ivap tsout?" se4'ouna'psets-il'aqakena'pse-. me'ksa'n qu'klin qao'une- qalas n e'nens. ta'xas n'tsaknu'w-e-xa 'xats. uamatektsc'lne ke'e-k. ta'xas We 'kinw. saha'wse- neis ke'e-k pal k.la'lous qa'psins oqone'k! es. qawlI'il'~kjne-. k.laqa'e k. saha'n se- oqonc'k! e260 o 'k!uquna k! oqo'usab.xasenme'tko. qakile'lne. qake'jne k.la'wla: "ktnlts!na'mil." u'owo'kune-. laanaxa,"mne xa'za-s neis yaaqa'kxal'owo/ukue qahakqa'pse- aak'lak. qake'1ne Ika'm*u: "wa'uaskske'kqa aa,'ku'la-k." qake'ine- qufkuill: "maats e'kcen'. ll'ec'ne 1a'tkxal1. at qa.e'kine lIka'mu. huts!e's1 -265 nil'ekine." tinaxa" mne xa'xa-s a,,'ket.la.e'se-s k.la'wla's a',,'kenamatektse'lne- ke'e k. a',,'ke* qawtl'il'e~kine-. kqaaqa'ske n laanaxa"mne, a/a'ake- qaha~kqa'pse' aaa'ku'la-ks neis yaaqat'kxal'owofukue-. fa'ake- n'esinil'ekine- k.la'wla. n'e'nse- ne~s ke'e-k Xa'xa-s neis at k!c'k.le-s o-k!uquna k.la'lous a,,'kuwu'm'e-s. ueis 270 ne'n'e-k at sel-aqa~ya'aqanmuxo'se-. Ta'xas tuxua tsxalwalkwaye't. se if anaxa,"mne- qu 'kuin. qake'1ne,: "ta'xa-'s akaxa,"mki-l kcnla'k.kenq!o'yli-l, ma ka'qa ke'nk.lenq!oymu/kui I." ta'zxas q!ca'pe- n' anaxa'mna'mne-. ta'xas n' analkint'lne- nei tset!na'na. qous a:n' elqa,'haks pcskcn/ne'In. 275 ta 'xas qanaqlkkxa 'lne-. nutsenqku'pe ke'mek. mitiyaxa'lne. lazxa "nIropl at q anaqlekzxa'lne-. ta'xas xa'xa-s k!umna'nlukpakitmu'lne a,,q,1ulu'kp!es. neists k!u'p,ýanaps tofxua mitil yaxna'pso- laqu'lqaq!ana'q!nenc'lne-. qalwi'yne- xa'xa-s. "pa'ko-xasenme'tko-, ma ktsxal'o'plap. ta'xta: kanmnP'yit.s kutsla280 tso; k-la-t," tsdlmi 'yct.s qa:'qaskene'lne. kk.ktnq!o'yarni. ta'xzas xa'xa s xuna xe* a1--kcnme'tuks. xunakuxu" mnex. ntck.lu' mqul'ne..- kanrnP'yit.s q! apenm~a'tsw~sk.lo'mqu'lek. k!o nanu'qkwas ta'xas k.lak.lrnq!o'yam. qalwi'yne: " 'ta'xas kutslatsofukua-t ka-q!o'lukp." qa:kilk.len~q~oya'rnnw. ta'2xas xa'xa-s qous 285 a:n'dlqa'haks qa'ovxol'esa~kuu'nev. ta'xas qalwi'yne2: "qa.c 'nseltsqa.u'pla-p." nagS laqahanutile'sine- qous wc'lil'elqana 'se-. lalu'qulalqa tse-. lats!ka'se-. ta'xas n'aq! ana'q!anem-a'lne- lahutsqa'nkaqkupckina 'kse-. qawaka 'se-. laqalazxa"wn-ole'sjne. ta'xas xa'xa s qana'we tsenk! a',kiue-. laqatow>a'Ise -aa'q! olu'kp! e -s. 290 lat saquanaa"n mseeqallmitycuna,'pse-. Ia. owo 'kune 3,lxa'x s. qakilanna'mie-: '"ta xas mastS tseikatemo'kui~l alxa~s pal n Y'nescl-atsukua'te- aa'q! olu'kp! cs." lalo'une' kk.kenq! o'ymul. Ta'~xas huselhults~xamu'ne ya"aqavqna'ake- tsa'atimo xa 'xa s. I Pierre: qaakqa'p~ce. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 243 tent. I Raven brought out the musk bag. He worked over it,I and it became a pup. Skunk did not go in.I The pup was tied.up at the doorway. It went to him 11 and was glad. He said: "What did they 25.5 do to me, Tso-t?" It knew him; I therefore it did so. But Raven did not know that it was he.I Then Skunk sat down. He was given food. Then I he ate. The food was bad, for there was nothingI in him. He did not eat much. He did not eat more, because his insides were bad, 11 because he was dry inside, He was told by Grizzly 260 Bear: " You should go on." He arose. Skunk went out, and wherej he stood up, there -Oas meat. A child said: I There lies some meat." Raven said: " Don'tI eat it. He dropped it from his mouth. Children must not eat it. I'll 11 eat it myself." Skunk 265 entered Grizzly Bear's tent and I was given food. Here again he could not eat much. When he stopped,I he went out; and there was meat again where he stood up,I and Grizzly Bear himself ate it. It was what Skunk had eaten.I Because he had no belly, whien he ate, 1 it went right through him. J 270 Then, when it was about evening, Raven went out. I He said: " Come out and play! I You have a toy." Then they all went out. ThenI they brought out the pup. A little distance, away they put it down. Then they kicked it. It ran, and they ran after' it. I When they 275 caught up with it, they kicked it. Then Skunk had pityI on his musk bag. When it saw him, it almostI ran up to him. Then he nodded his head the other Way. Skunk thought: I "I am thirsty. It might hurt me. Later on, to-morrow, 11 I'll ta1e, it back." At 280 night they stopped playing., ThenI skunk went to the river. He jumped in and soaked himself. I n the morning and all day he soaked himself. When the sun was going down, I they played again. He thought: "I'll take back I my musk bag." They went on playing. Then Skunk 11s~t down a little ways off. He thought: I "It 285 might hurt me." They chased it toward him, and it went there.I Then it turned back and came back. Then he nodded his head to it, I and it came running this way. It came, and they could not catch up with it. Then I Skunk turned himself toward it., and his musk bag went to him. I1 It got into him again and threw him down. 290 Skunk got up.I They said to one another: "Don't look at him, for it is Skunk. I He himself took back his musk bag." Their toy was gone.I Now I have told what Skunk and his brother did.I 244 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 69. FROG AND ANTELOPE lo 'ya 's hutsxat1haqatj)atJne'jne- ieis pc'k! a ks yaaqathoqua'ke. ne'ttuk!upts wa'tak.I Qaaha10~una'mne-. qat'at-lititna'mne- ts!outs!ufq!ua. n'e'n-e nasofukue-ns nefttuk!up. netnukupqa'ane- ne'ttuk!up. me'ka yaa5 katnuku'pqa at nuqu-na' pse ne'ttuk!ups. ta'xas q!a'pe- nuqua'tneniipt'k! a. qaak.to'ufie wa'ta-kne"nte k. ta'xa nasofukue -n wa'ta k qatwi'yne-: "ho'ya's hut' a'yne 1 ne'ttukt!up." qake'tneaa'kik.tu"e-s: "hotatwats!malna'ta ncfttuk!up." qak.ta'pse: "kaas kut' a qakina'ta ne'ttuk!up? pat katnuku'pqa." qake'tne-: 10 "hutts!enaxata'e-s q!a'pe hutsxalha~wats!matnata'ane." ta>xas qake'tne -aa~kek.tu'e-s tsxatya,,qaqna'pske-. qake'ine- q!a'pe* wa'ta-k: "ho'ya-'s pat sf'tso'uk,,ne- kenkcnetwi'yte-k." qake'inenei llaso/ukuell: "hutsts!ena'xe-, huts!uk!uefine-. taxta-' na'pit qa'twiy kanmi-'yit-s ta'xas hutsqunaxata"ne-." qake,"ne15 wa'tak: "so'ukune-." ta'xas ts!ena'ixex k.ta'zxam net~tuk!ups qakc'tne- ne'ttuk!l"p wa'taks: " qa'psin kensetqo'ukacm kaake't.ta?" qake 'ine- wa'ta-k: "~hosetqokua 'xe hen a'qantsqaone'tap kutsa'twats!na'ta." n'uma'tsine- nettuk!up. qatwi'yne-: "tse'namts yaakkatnuku 'pqa kuse' itmat. k!aqa'ke- wa'ta k." qakie 'tne 20 wa'tak: "tsen-a'pe.t henqa'twy k.te'e. kaa'k.te-'jte t aa'k-tite'tine-s. tsen tsaDmatiktsa'p'ne-." qake'ine wa'ta-k: "ha hosukuitq!u'k,,ne- kutstso 'ukuat aa kltite 'tine s." ta'xzas n'omatsina-. te'tne- pat kqa'e-n ke-'ma-t ne'ttuk!'ps k!aqa'ke-. qake 1newa'ta-k: "kanmi 'yit qa'atin' kiyu'kiyit hutszxatwa'zxe- huts25 qsama'tne- kaake'k.tu-." ta-'xas Iats!ena'xe- wa'ta-k. k.tata'xa m qake'tne- aa'kek.tu'e's: "ta'xas huts!faynilnata'anw nefttuk!up ata'aqatte'timo." kanmi-'yit.s ts!ena'xe' wa'tak. q!a'pe- yunaqa'ane- pa'tkei kqsa'-mat neis te'tqa-t!s wa'taks. ta'xas tu>xuaktsta',yam aa'kek. tue'se-s. qake'ine- wa'ta-k nei nasof11kue-n. 30 lcsu'kuitqaakaxana'mile*. ta >xas ts!ena'ki t hen ts!e'txoneike 'tne nei at yaaqanaxa 'mke-. qa'atIin atenyesenwonen mitk!oneike tkie. hen -tsqa'sin'wun'itkike'tamke'tne-." ta'xas quna'xe- watakne"nte-k qous at yaaqa'kxa-xame'ske-. ta'xas n'etxo'ume-k q!a'pe-. neis at yaaqa'naxra-me'ske t1axanoqoyeqa'ane- qous at yaaqa'o'35 ýcatakamenqa,,tsame'ske- ta'xas kul'e'itke-n. ta'xas nei yesaek-e quna 'xe - aa'kik. tuna'mis. qakiya'mne: "ta>'ias wa'takne'"nte k setwa'xey, ma ktsatwats!nata'awas." ta'~.as n'anaxa'mnan'mneq!a'pex. taxzas qunaxa"mne- at yaaqakxaxa"mke%. ta'xas n'itetiya'mne,2 lk~ite tine- wa'tak. q!a'pe 's na k!aqo- N'ma40 qa'pse- aa'k.tete't!e-s. ta'zxas n'itetate'ne. wettiya'mne- pal kqatwi'yna-m ktszxathu'qiua-l wa'tak. nenko"es -pal k!u'-pxa Barnaby: gahallin, Pierre: nlit-eya"mne-. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 245 69. FROG AND ANTELOPE1 Well, I'll tell you how, long ago, I Frog won over Antelope. I There was a town. It was named Fish Hawk Nest.2 Antelope was chief. Antelope runs fast. Even [l the best runners were beaten 5 by Antelope. He was a manitou, and won over everybody. I There was a town of Frogs. Then Chief I Frog thought: "I'll cheat Antelope." He said to I his tribe: "Let us play with Antelope!" They said to him: I "What shall we do with Antelope? He runs fast." He said to them: 11 "We shall go, all of us. We shall play with him." 10 Then I he told his people what to do. All the Frogs said: I "Well, your thoughts are good." That chief said: I "I'll go alone. Later on, if I he agrees, to-morrow we shall-go." The Frog said: 11 "It is 15 well." Then he started. When he arrived at Antelope's (tent), I Antelope said. to Frog: "Why do you come to my tent?" I Frog said: "I come here to see if you are not afraid to run a race with me." I Antelope laughed. He thought: I "Even if he runs fast, I can easily do (leave behind) what Frog says." Frog was told: II "If you agree, 20 my property shall be your property. I You may give it to me.". Frog said: "Go; II am glad. I'll take you property." Then they laughed at him I because he could not do (leave) what Antelope said. Frog said: I "To-morrow just at noon I'll come, 1I accompanied by my 25 tribe." Then Frog started. When he came home, I he said to his tribe: "Now we will cheat Antelope I and his children." On the following morning the Frogs started, all of them. There were many. The women went along with the men Frogs. When they almost I came to the town, the chief Frog said: [I "Before any one comes out, go and 30 lie down ] on the trail they go. Just at that distance jump! I You shall be that far apart." Then the Frogs went [ to the starting place, and all of them lay down I on the way they were to run.11 They lay down up to the point where the track turned. When this 35 was all done, others went I to the town. They said: "The Frogs I have come to play with us." Then all of them went out. 1 They went to the starting place. Then the Frogs bet their property. All Stheir clothing was blue. 11 Then they bet with them. They staked 40 much, I because they thought the Frogs would be beaten. They thought I they themselves would win. Thus they spoke among them 1 See p. 42. SA place in Tobacco Plains. 246 246 ~BUTREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [UL [13ULL..5(,' I' uinatsna',,te* dne'nc'k!e 's. sakqa'ane- wa 'tak. ta'xas tseika'tene'tuk!ups. qakiya'mne.: "ta'xa lu'n'u." ta'xas wa'tak 45 pee'k!aks n'ektekmeiuxo'nqa',,ne'. ta'xas ne'ltuk!up n'uma'tsjne'. suk.likpakta'pse- en ene'k e s. qats!na'kine-, neists k.la-:ýameilIo "naqa wa'tak, n'etxo'ume'k laa'k!lak wa'tak. n'ektekmen~rounaqa'ane'. ta'xas q!a'pe' qaqana'ane' wa'tak. ta'xas ne'ltuk!up qatsf!ena'kine'. qawule.e't.se-, ta'xas mata'pse'. 50 ta'x~as a:nts!ena'kine- ne'tuk!up. ta'zxas tSEma'k!ilmata'pse'. ta'I as tsena'kine'. me'ka kts!e'na'k nc'tuk!"p, ta'xas wa'tak u's' me'ks n'en'e. ta'zxas k.la'xiam tsxalya'a-kilakaminqa'atske'. neists wulekina'ate-t wa'tak at neis l'ua'to'm-.ta'x~as k-laluqu-a'tqa-ts ne'ltuk!up. ta'xas pee'k!a'iks wa'tak welel'a.el;55 qana 'xe'. ta 'xas tS~ma'k!il' alse 'n te 'k ne'ltuk!up. nyu' U 'Pa ne - pal tsxalselmata'pso' n'upskil-aleta'akxa'xe' ne'ltuk!up. k-laxa'xam wa'tak ta'xas n'uinaatsina'mne' q!a'pe', me'ksa'n n' ese '1ne' aa'kelwi'ynam neis kuqua'ka wa'ta'k. tseikate'ne' wa'ta'k. qaq!awats!e'inmik,' o-k!uquna naas kqao>xa'qum'60 la'aSICo'. kqaqa'nal'laqawa"nýa "in. k.laqa'ke-ka'qoum-la 'aS XO' sla*-qa'qa,'pse' kqaqawats!e'n 'me 'k, me'ksa'ni ne'ltuk!up n'ese '1 -kikuwa 'sane'. neis qa'o>ialtu'wul etxo 'ume'k. qake ' ne': "seihoquna 'pine' wa'tak." ta'xas tsukua/te- neis kaqua'ka wa'ta'k. lats!ena'xe- ne1 kqa'nanoqo'yqa laqawanxa,"mne'. fta'xas ktsel65 mi-'yet.s, ta'xas latts!ena'xe' q!a'pllkilpalne-name-'sine' kma'taps wa'taks ne-'ltuk!up. Ta'xas huslq!apqalpalnEme'lne' yaaqalhuqna'mk-e- wa'takts ne'lItuk!up neis pe'k!aks. 70. THE STAR HUSBAND io'ya's, hutshaqalpalne'ine- yaqalsalite'tke k!o'k!ue. na. u'te'- aa'kello'ho -s. Qanit.la'ane' pek!a'knek!. n'a's,,,ne' na.u'te' n'anaxa' ine'. ta'xas ktsxalq!u"mile' nao 'k!ue. Waawitske'kine'. II'U/'pli~e* 5 yunalnoho'Ise'. n'u'p.-ane' k!ofk!ue-s tsa~qona'se'. qake 'in "Ipal selsukuqts!ta'te'k qo' aq!a-nilnoho'ske' hulsale'tit." ta'xas niuma'tsine' nei na.u'teke'stik neists k!aqa'ke'. ta'xas latinawa" inne'. kq!u"mne'. we'lna 'is naq!ainale'itsine'. nakq!iyc'tse'. n'Up:ýane' qa. clke'kse' alakine'k!e's. n'o'k,,no-:':a"mne'. n'UP:ýane' 10 qa. o'hune' neis aqlsma'kinek!s. nul 'ak'le' ise' qa'kesna'qaneina 'I'e. n'up2:,ane' pal salite'tine'. laa'k!laks il'UPýCaflC yunaaqa'pse' netsta'halne'nta'ke 's. qalwi'yne.: "qa'psin ksel' aqa'qa kselyuna 'qa netsta'halne"ntik. kqa. e~s~niltsukuaftap? kselhul'a'k.le-' naa kanul'a'qana." qak.la'pse': "ta,'xa naa hun'en'e' nei ktseb15 mi-yit ma, kenqa'k.la'p: 'ku'selsukuqts!eta'te'k heinlsalta-'atap.' ta'xas husiltsuku ate's ine'. tseika'te' nei kuwe'lqa aa,'kilno'-. BoAS] KUTIENAI TALES 247 selves. Then. Antelope stood up. | He laughed at his enemy. Frog was lying there. Then he looked I-at Antelope. They said: "Now start!" Then Frog II jumped up. Antelope laughed. I His enemy 45 looked funny to him. (Antelope) did not run fast I when Frog gave his first jump. Then another Frog lay there and I jumped up, and all the Frogs did so. Then I Antelope did not go very fast. He had not gone far when he was left behind. 1I Then Antelope ran more 50 quickly. He was left far behind. I He ran fast; but even when he ran fast, the Frogs I were ahead of him. Then he arrived at the turning place; I and when he got there, the Frogs lay down in the opposite direction. Then i Antelope turned back, but the Frogs were always ahead of him. I| Then Antelope tried hard. He knew 1 55 that he would be beaten. Antelope was not yet near the starting point I when Frog arrived. Then all laughed; but I the people were sick at heart, because Frog had won. Frog was looked at. I He was not out of breath, because he had just given one jump II and then had 60 not moved any more. He just jumped back from there. I Therefore he was not out of breath, but Antelope was puffing. I He lay on his back, and said: I "You beat me, Frog." Then Frog took what he had won. I He went back, and those who lay down did not move.|| In the evening they went back, and it was heard by all that I Frog 65 had beaten Antelope. I Now I have told how Frog beat I Antelope in olden times. 70. THE STAR HUSBAND Well, I'll tell a story of how a girl was married I to a star. I The people of olden times lived in a tent. Two girls went out. I When they were about to go to sleep, one of them looked up. She saw II many stars. She saw a small one, and said: |"That is a 5 nice little star [hanging] there. I'll marry him." Then I the two girls laughed when she said so. They went in again. I After they had slept, early in the morning she woke up. There was talking, I and she knew that those were not the voices of her parents. She arose, and she saw I1 that she did not know the people. She was sit- 10 ting down next to an old man. I She knew that she was married to him. She saw many other I young men. She thought: "When there are many I youths, why don't they marry me? My husband is old." I He said to her: "Here I am! The other II night you said to me, 15 'You little nice one! Marry me.' I Now I have taken you." She looked 248 248 ~~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETH-INOLOGY UL.5 [BULL. 59 hos. ta'xas n' n e en netsta'halrne'nte-k. ne1 ktsaqu'wa aa "kilno'ho-s, n't'n-e kul-a'k.1e-. ta,'xas n'ila'ne nei na.ute-, k!u'p,-a ko'imat am-a'kfes. qao vsaqa'ane. nR'akak!o /,ne20 aa'kuqle its aa'kilno'ho-s palkeine"nte-k. qsama'lne- nei na.u'te-. qakilc'lne-: "at ma'atSentsometsk'n-eo a'm-ak na qa'hanq!una,'awouk." qalwi'yne- nei na. ute-: "qa'psins k!u'pslii aa,'kilno'ho -s?)" qa'hanq!unawo 'ukse- qanal' ometske'n ea'maks. pal pa'qtsnana'se 'am-a ks. qayaaqa~naiwetske'kine-. 25 ll'u'p2.Yale- qous u'm-e' s pal n'~n-se- am-a'k!e-s. no'huneaa kinek!namo'e-s sla:tq!una'xoquafatse-. ta'xas n'ila'n e. n'etkc 'i e- qa'psinas. n'ituk!sa'amik, la. unaxa'mek-. Ia. U'P-Yane ma'lne- aa'kinik!namo'e s. qakila'pse-: "k aa, kirtaqa'na-m? kusel'isqa>'amita'was." qake'ine-: "net ma koquafke-, 30 hulsake'tit ne1 ktsaqu'na aa'kilno'hos, ta'xas kuq!u"mne- kuhaq!ma'ale-ts, hun'u 'P:(allfY aa' kelno'ho-s. pal nuka'yaxana'pjne-. hus-alite'tine- aa'kilno'ho-s nei ma ktsaqu'na pal n'c'ln-e-km. l-a'k.1e-; nei k,,we'lqa aa'kelno'ho-s pal n~n-e- netsta'hal." ta'xas qake'ine- yaqaqana'akets ksclao-'kuam-. rt'Up~rtOne 35 aa'kilno'ho-s laqawa'se- neis na.u'te~s. tseika'te* pal lao-na 'se-. tsclmi'yit.s kq!umne,"nam, k!o-kunux.a"mnam. wc'lna-ms n'upxa'lne- nei na. ute- qa. o kunuxa-"mne. wuneke't.se- tseikatt'Ine-. n'up,-.a'lne- pal n''n-eo upna'mo. pal n'upla'pse- aakelno'ho-s n.eis k-la'mat pal nukua'lalta/pse-. 40 Ta'xas huslq!a 'pqalpalneme 'Ine ya'aqaqanal'ake k!o 'uk!ue na.u'te*,. 71. LITTLE SUN llo'ya's, hutsaqalq!anuxcwa-te- nata'ntkh!a'na. Qaak-luna'mne- ts!o,,ts!u'qua. qake'ine- naso/ukue n: "hutsxal' anaxzaka'ane-. qa'la netsta'halne" ntik yaakalnbku'pka?" qake'ine- nata'nekh!a'na: "hutsxalts!ela'xeo." ta'xzas pe'k!a-ks 5 slyukuiye'tine qats!ena'xe-. qalwiyna'mne- kselqats!cna-m. ta'xas n' unanuqkualive> ta'xas qaixuktsiya'mne-. ta'xas kqa-'qaske'ndi- qous qana'xe- nata'nek!na'na. qalwiyna'mne- ktsxalqala'xa m pal kwule 'et.s. qaTi' t.IPtctnam ' /sinee neists yaaqao -j xafmke- kqawa 'kame'uk. qa-hak.luna'mne- kqawa-'kam~'tuk. 10 k!unanu'qkua kqaixuktsiya'mne-. qa kilkqaixuktsiya'mne- n'upxa'lne- nata'nikh!a'na neis qaka'xze Ia:tinu'k.latmu'me-k. qalwiyna'mne- wa'lkua-s ksilts!k'kam ts!outs!u'qua-'s. pal qqaapsa~ka'te- tsa~quna'ne-. selqa.up~alc'sjne- paol nalnu'kupqa'ane. qakilc'lne-: "qous snet.la'ane- nasolukuen."~ ta'x a nei naso/ukue-n 15 qa'k.le-k qa.eLtxa'me-nqa'me-k. tenaxa"mne-. ta'xas t 1naxa' mnamc 'sine- ktsxaltuq!utsqa'ke- ne~s ya,,qakixa'mke lleis nasoukue/n'oes natanekhna'na qala at.le'sine- ku-poiqa telna'm'u. BOAS] XUS IJTENAJ TALES 249 at- the large stars. I Now, these were the young men; The little I stars were the old ones. Then the girl I cried when she saw that she had [left] been taken away from her country. She staid there. 11 The star women were digging roots. The girl went along with them. I 20 She was told: "Don't break the ground where I there is a tree." The girl thought: "What do I the stars mean?" There was a tree, and she dug up ) the ground. The ground was just thin. She thought she would look, 11 and down below she saw this world. She recog- 25 nized I her relatives walking about. Then she cried. I She made something, and tied herself to it, and let herself down. I Then she met her relatives. They said to her: " Where did you go? I We lost you." She said: "When I said I| I would marry the little star, then 30 after I had slept, I when I woke up, I saw a star coming down for me. I I married the star. That little one was an I old man. The large stars were young people." I Then she told what she had done and how she had come down.. I The Star noticed that the girl was not 35 coming back. He looked for her. She had gone down again. I At night they slept. The next morning when they got up, I it was noticed that the girl would not rise. They looked at her for a long time. 1 Then it became known that she was dead. She was killed by the Star I whom she had left. He struck her down.[| Now I have told you what a I girl did. I 40 71. LITTLE SUN Well, I'll tell you about Little Sun. There was a town, Chicken Hawk Nest. The chief said: "I'll I go out to fight. Who among the young men can run fast?" I Little Sun said: "I'll start." 'It was, already I noontime, but he did not 5 start. They thought he would start. I When the sun was nearly setting, they began to play ball. I When they had finished, Little Sun went there. They thought he would I not get there, for it was far. The place where he was to go was called I Kqawakmituk ([?] River). There was a town at Kqawakmituk. (I When the sun was setting, 10 they played football. The game was going on, I and Little Sun was seen going along dragging his blanket. ( They thought: "He must have started from Fish Hawk Nest." I He did not look as though he were strong. He was small. They did not know that he was a fast runner. I They said to him: "There is the tent of the chief." The name of this chief was 11 Not-sitting-down-Long. He went in. Then 15 they all went in I to hear the news. The chief from whom I Little Sun came was called Crazy Old Woman. | 250 250 BU33LREAU OF AMERICAN ETHTNOLOGY[UL.5 rBULL. 59 Ta'xas kulna'k!uktsa 'pse- naso'ukue n qa. etxamnaqana'ke s. qake'iine* nasofukue-n: "ta'xas he'itsxan'. qa'psin kense'i1k20 qa-ts 3" qake'Ine- nata'nck!na'ua: "ca: n'eluwat!tka'ane- naso'u-~ kue nk.ltskax~a'me s k-ltszal' anaxa.'ka- letelsenike 'tile-, husits!ka'xe-." qavhanqa'me-knasofukue-n. qake'ine-: "kts!aqsanmi-'yit.s ktsxalts!e'na-m k!anaxa'ka 3" qake'ine- nata'nek!na'na: "lwe'lna-ms pal kskilse'iltsxa. qake'ine- tszxalqa'lsanmiye't.se-. 25 kts!etmase'jte-i a'k!uwo-ukts aat'k.la'akuwo, ktsf!etkaxni-'yar. ta'xas q!aptsxalo-i'itk~iv'lnex ta'xas kZ.atsa-nmi'ytAta'xas tsxaltS!enaxa/Imne." qakile'lne- nata'ntk!na'na: "ken' aqaso'usalts!c'kam!" qake'ine-: "taxta, naa, k!unanu'qkua." n'up.-ak'sine- pal sclhalnukupqa'anle. q akike'lne-: "a 'a'ke- tsxalqaqa"ne-. tsxalqa'30 lsanmiye'tinex ta'xzas a'a,'ke- tsxzalts!enaxa,,mne-. q!a'pe klntsu'n e 1ke'tine. kxa tsa nmi-'yit tsxalqawu'lil' clqa'iiakupmalna'mneTsclmi-'yit qa'kiyekst'le k nata'nck!na'na. kanmi-'yit.s,qaov*saqa~ane. kidyu'kiyit qawanaakate'iue- nata'nck!na'na. 35 k!unanu'qkula 's ta'xas 'sel-ats!ena'xe*. latjnu'k.latjmu'me -k. la'tiJ'e'two kaxane'le k a'a'k!wouks- qa. k. luna'mne- ts!outs!u'qua. k!unanufqkua kqaixuktsiya'mne-. qaa,'leia se'lo ikqabixktsiya'mne n' up~zalne nata'nek!na'na nei laka'nuk.latjmume'ke-. tenaxa,"mne- nasofukue-ihs va,'ket-la.e'se-s. n'et!qaoxaxa' mnae 40 ktsxalhulpa'lnil qa'stsý:alaqa'ki-ks nasofukue-ns. qake'1ne: "cwa'lkuwa neie ma kuts!c'w-am qa'aIe-n seloilkqai>xuktsiya 'mnekula'xarn." qakike'lne-: "kqa's,,wo-kts kenla'xa-m3" qake'ine-: "Ctsuselqake 'jne-." qakibe'lne-: "ts!em'ase ikqai'xuktsiya'mnekents!c'na-m." qake-'ine-: 'tsqa'psints qou ta'xo-yaqao >xa'm45 ke selo-ItqaixUktsiya'mne- kula'xam." i' up--ral'sine- pal selhalnu'kiipqa' ne-. qakile'lne-: "qaasts k!a iqa'ke- naso'u kue-n?3" qake',ne-: "qaha-'lin he-nyaqakikm'lke- a'akeqame 1c'le k. na ho sanmiye'tke t a'xas Seb.a -tSEqa'pte -k kyu'kiyit kints!up,-ana'mkiil aa'k!ame Ina. tsxalqats!naxe50 naso'ukue-n. xal~e"es tsxal'esinilts!eia'se-. ta'xas husloltuq!tsq-ake'jne-." q!a'peweheta'mone'. Ta'xas ni'ctkinc'lne' aa'k!ts t!a'wu. kxa-tsanmiP'yit, ta-'xas ts!ena'lwats!x~akana'mne-.1- qao":ýaku'pmalna'mne- a'a'kce kaqawa kamc'tuk ts!naxa "mile*. a'a'ke qawe'li 1' ~lqanakup55 malna'mne-. kanmi-'yct aa'k!ame'nwa, qa'alin kiyu'kiyit qao-::ralya'q.-Zaxa'mne-. ts naxa'mne- yunaqawu'mne-. qa naxa 'mne- at ts!ena'xe kMe'1tik kiake-ns. at qa.upz-ýa'lne- qa'psin. qa-naxa'mne-. ta'ýcas nuwasna 'mile*. N' aqa'ane- swu'tjmo, nao'k!ue- qa'k.lik ktsuku'p:ýa. pe'k!a -ks 60 qakt'lne suwu'e-s ktsuku'pca tsxzalyaaqaqana /ake-. q!akpa'kse1 Pierre says the modern word would be tshensI'a'na4;akana'mne-. BOAS] KJUTENAI TALES 251 Then they filled the pipe for Chief Not-sitting-down-Long. I The Chief, said: "Now speak! Why did you come?" 11 Little Sun said: 20 "The chief made a request I that some one should go on the warpath. *obody wanted to come, but I came.' I The chief was seated. He said: "After how many days- shall the warriors start?" Little Sun said: "He spoke this morning, and said, 'For three days |I work on 25 arrow wood and bow staves. Put feathers on your arrows. I Then, when everything is done, on the fourth day they shall start.'" I They said to Little Sun: "When did you start?" I He said: "This evening." Then it was known that he was a runner. I They said to him:,"It shall be so. In three days they 11 also shall start. They 30 will all be ready.: On the fourth day they will not go far and stop. I On the fifth day they will meet on Low Hills." I It was dark, and Little Sun staid over night. He staid there in the morning. I At noon Little Sun was not ready to go. |I At sun- 35 set he started back, dragging his blanket. I They began to peel their arrow wood. In the town Fish Hawk Nest I they played ball in the evening. Just when they had finished their game, I Little Sun was seen. He came dragging his blanket. I He entered the tent of the chief. They assembled, 11 and they were going to listen to what the 40 chief would say. He said: I "Yesterday after I started, I reached there just after the game was over." I He was asked: "How high was the sun when you got there?" He said: I "I just said so." He was told: "They were playing ball I when you started." He said: "Why, at the place to which I went II they had just finished their game 45 when I arrived." Then it was known I that he was a runner: He was told: "What did the chief say?" I He said: "He will do just as you said. I Four days from to-day I you will meet at Low Hills. The chief will not go, II but his son will go. Now I have told the news." 1 50 And all said: "Yes." Then they made arrows and bows. After four days I they went on the warpath. They stopped over night. I The people of Kqawakmituk started also. They did not go far, and staid over night. 1I In 55 the morning they went to Low Hills, and just at noon I they met. Many started-a crowd-and they went along. I Scouts went ahead. They did not see I anything. Theywenton. Now they were hungry. I There were two friends. One was called Pipe Lighter. Some time before this, II Pipe Lighter had told his friend what he would do His 60 252 252 ]3BUREAUJ OF AMER10AN ETHNOLOGY UL.5 [BULL. 59 suwu'ems ta'xas nuwa'se- swu'e-s ktsuku'p~ca. tse:n naqa'tsinw-kpa'kse- neis ma k!aqa'kei1. qanaxa-mne-. qalwi'yseSWU'e-s ktsuku'py.a: "ho'ya's hut' ako'kue-n." qantts!ta.c in e- qaha'qkupq!a'nlup-yamako',ne-. qakitc'tne' ktsuku'Ti 65 "ktsuku'p_-." qake'ine-: "qa'psin3?" qakih'tne-: "n5'pqo;, qake'ile-: "kaas ke'e n?" qakike'tne': "tu'ivu's suwetsqan~u'u eo." qakitamna'mne'. ma'qa-k uatatsukiya'nine- o'k!uq una k!oko-'yqa nb'pqo'. sl' aq athala'tsu -kkctamna'mne-. Its2y._at'oyet!aixwa'tet1. tseikat.tle'sine* neis yaaqatkc'tke-. sq!an70 IUPZ.-amaku'pse-. taxas n' akakc'n e' a'k e s ktsuku 'pZa. qao a'asqn'n.qak-tamlla'mne-: "'qc'n'a- tsxatselk!umnaqa 'tatke'n-e;" ta'xas tseikate'lne. ta'xas n'umats~inate'tne*. qawetkiyame'sine- neis k omats!na'atet. qao 'xa'xe- ktsuku'pxa, at lao-penqana'wetske'Inex t a'z,-as suk,,nulk!o'une'. 75 ta'xas n'umatsna 'mne'. me'txanex sqku'pki-kq!mukupk!o'lne-. aa'itke' pe'k!aks tao.quwakmne'tink!akixo',ne-. ta'xas tsi~ma 'k it'omatsina'mne-, 0ok!uquna kselme'txa touk!s. aa'ke. lame't:ane- sqkupkikrnutupk!o'une'. sq!maoIwi-tstenq!a-"ntsesqku'pkikwa's'e' fn5'pqo-s. n'upx.a,'tne' nei touk!' wan-xa 'inf'. 80 qatwa "me 'kttsqum iaszu 'no' nb'pqo' n'etuwetsq!anu 'n 'e'. q xamkike'tuwetskitt'ne' qa'tski-kamoxzu'ri'e' nb'pqo'. pat set'etwana'mnae'. ta'xas n'ct.tuqutaxoku~afane- ktsuku'pqca swu'timu. ts~caka'tne - ni/pqo. Ko tatikanIII"yam Ia:ts!enaxa'mne'. qa:naxa 'ine' nupsia'85 tiyit'qa.up~za'tne' qa 'psin; a'a,'ke- tahuwasna'mnae'. a'a,'ke' na 'sne' swu'timo' a--ntaa'k!ta'k, n'u'p:,ne' nao'k!ue - ma yaa'qakila'pske' swu'e's. qa:nuxuno'kune0.. onaxa'mne'. qak.ta'pse' swu 'e 's: "nei ma ke'ntsxa." (huqua.up~came'tnekaas na qa'k-te'k nei swu'timo.) qak.ta'pse' swu'o: "suwo' 90 qake'tne': "qa'psin?" qakitc'tne': "es wesqa',,ne' to 'ho 'I." qake'ine': "ma'qa'k, ta'xaý' nei kiyuna'quwum." qakitamna lmle': 4"mae qa'k, sawesqa'ane' to'ho'l." ta'xas tseikate'lne' swu'timo. iiao'k!ue- t!apts!ake'n'e- neis tsxataako 'umno'. qawo 'katc's~ne - at qous taqa'o -akqkupkike't,,wetske'kine' 95 wu'o 's. ta'xas qaoxat' atsqana"na. ta'xas n'up~cal's~ne' Pat tsxalo'ute@ qous touk!s. ta'xas ni'umatsna 'mile' nata'tsukuya'mile'. ta'xas qu'na 'kna'xane'. qkupkikmu'Iupuqk!o 'une'. wa' nla " mne' nei to uk!u, n'cnqa,'pte'k to'ho't. n'upkaqk!o'utne'. ta'xas n'cke'tne'. pat ktsaqu'n'a qao~wumnua'm-ue' 100 pat kiyuna'quwum. La'ts!enaxa'mnre'. ts!ena'xe'. k!e'teikka-"kin. tawa'xe'. qa.u 'p2y.,-,e' qa,'psin. ta'xas tsetmiye'tine'. qa:naxa'mne' flC! tsetmiyetina'mu. no1 to'xua ttna'hak tsxana'mne-. qakiya'mne': 1"ma 'qa'k. sncmsikqa'ano' aqtsma'kinek!." p at kt a1059 moT o st'aqu'!nae'n qts~ma'k~nzk!_ qaoý-axa mne'. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 253 friend had forgotten. I Then the friend of Pipe Lighter became hungry. At once I he remembered what he had been told. They were going along, and the friend of Pipe Lighter thought: "Well, let me try!" There was a tree, I and there was a burl on it. Pipe Lighter was addressed: [I "Pipe Lighter!" He said: "What is it? " He was told: 65 "A bear." I He said: "Where is it?" He was told: "Farther on, on a tree." I They said to one another: "Hold on!" They whispered, I because the bear was wild. Therefore they whispered, I so as not to scare it away. They looked at what they referred. to. II It was a 70 burl. Then Pipe Lighter took out his arrow. I He went there softly. Then they said to one another: "Behold, he will make a mistake!" I Then they looked at it, and they laughed at him. I They did not make any noise when they laughed at him. Pipe Lighter went there I and looked around to see it. Then he aimed at it. 1I The people were 75 laughing. He shot. There was a noise of an arrow striking wood, I but already he had another arrow ready to shoot. Then they laughed aloud, I because he was shooting at wood. I He shot again, and hit something soft. His arrow stuck out, I and there was the noise of a bear. It was seen that the wood was moving. || The bear started to 80 run up the tree. It stopped; I and while they were looking at it for a ' little while, it fell down. [ It was killed. Then Pipe Lighter and his friend scared the people. I They began to eat the bear. I After they had eaten it, they went on. They went along. I Nothing 85 was seen yet, and they were again hungry. Now, I there were two other friends. The one knew I what his friend had told him. There was a brook, and they went to the water. I His friend said to him: "What did you say?" (I do not know I the names of the friends.) The friend said: "Friend!" |I He said: "What?" He was told: 90 "There is a charr." I He said: "Wait, wait! There are many." They said to each other: "Wait! There are charrs." Then the friends were looked at. I The one put on what he was going to use as a spear. I He did not look. He was not looking there at [1 the water. Then he 95 went along softly. Then it was seen I that he was about to spear wood. Now theylaughed I and whispered. Then he threw his spear, and it struck something soft. I It moved and became a charr. I It was taken out of the water. It was eaten. It was small. They were not satiated, 11 because there were many. 1 100 They started again. They wanted to see what was happening. They arrived, ] and did not see anything. Then in the evening they went on. I At night those who were the last talked, and said: I "Wait! It smells like people." II It was very dark. Then they smelled the 105 254 254 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[UL.9 [BULL. 59 tsu-kupk!o',,lne'. n'upca'lne- selqahama'ane- aqlsma',kinek!. qake'ine- ka'ke-n-k! ayu'kua: "ta'xas butts!enaxa 'la. na hutsyaqana'mke- heritsqanaki'lne." pal ktamux'o-. ta'xas ts!ena'xe- ka'ke-n-k!ayufkua. qa:naxza'mne-. na'ni~msc'kqanew 110 neis aqlsma'k-nek!s ka'ken-k!ayufkua. qa:naxa-mne-. tafx~as kanmiye'tiiue> n'upqcaflne ri'almanma"ne k!anaxia'ka.,t'a~kepal n'Twe- k!anaxa'ka tsxalts!na-i'ana'x,,ne kItuna'xa 's. ts!ena-'nmanelt'ne-. qa:nazxa mile*. Ts!ena'xe k!e'ite-kka-'ke 'ns swu'timo. nao'k!ue- qa'k.le-k 115 ku'tet!-k!ayufkua, nao'k!ue0 qafk.le-k qu/kue-n-k! ayvu'kua. qa-na'xe stuk!amena'se-. qanatwat!a'ixe-. pe.e'k!a-kslayaxcawuXtaf'ce. nao'k!ue- qake,'ine-: "hy6Y' hula'litqanaa 'watalefsjne* SWU' 0." n'ufp:ýane- pal naas v'me-'s skeikk.luname'sinew. skckeil'ita'qanapa>xaneyame'sine-. k!o'k!ueis qa'alIe n qaka-nk!120 out 'lse-. ta'xas n' tuwesqa 'ane- ku'tet!-k!ayu kuats qu/kuenk!ayufkua. a/a'ake n'etuwcsqa'afle-.ta'xas, nei kqa'ka-nk!o'"nil.,ta'xa nei kiyuna'qa, q!a'pe- qakawetske'kine-. qa-wesqa'aneku'tet!-k!ayufkua. qake'lne- swu'e-s: "nilenq~a',pske1',aqaqa,'ane-." lu'quailqak.lafpse swuvme s: "wa's ne'nko ne'linqa',aps125 keil'aaqaqa'ane-." ta'x~as tsein tseikate'lne- nei k!u 's' mokuawc'sqa. qa 1uquanenmefte-k qa'q~alhuts!cnqa'tse- ku'tet!. n'rnqa'pteek ku'te~t!s ta'xa n'e'nve- kufte-t!-k!ayu'kua. nei k!elawe'sqa qa-wcsqa'anev. neis qa-nuxu'n-e to-q!utsqa'mnua. n'en-e eqoi1. qao~xafoxu'nec qo's sawesqa'psk-e130 a, kilam' tse s. qawaxame'tuwetsq!anu'n-e. latholnoxu 'we-. ta'xa n'c'n-e- qu'kuen-k!ayufkua n' enqa'pte-t aa,'qulu'k!pkups. ta'xas u'umatsina'mne-. k!umnaqalpalne'ixo- nei te'tqa-t! kqa'ke- pe'k!aks ksel-ayaixawa'aka-s aqlsma'kinek!s. qakile'lne-: "ma kue'silq a'akilmetZanala'e-s qlakine'k!e-s qo 135 ku'te-t! sel' aqa'ha"'wosa~qa'ane-. qou nao'k!ue- ýenquluk!p-. ko'uneo. hen'U'pý:ane' tuq!tsqa'mna selqaov,'afoxu 'n e-." ta-'xas n'umatsina'mnae- qalwi'yne nei yaq a'sjnil' upca'ke-: "ima ke'e-n aqlsma'kinek!. qo11s laantSO'&.xam nej ku'tet! ta'xas n'enqa'pte~k te'tqa-t!s. aa'ake- qo,,s k.la.etqananu'xo- nei tuq!ts140 qa'mna, a'a,'ke* lacnqa'pte-k te'tqa-t!s." La. up:ýanafmne- swu'timo kutet!-kayufkua qu/kuen-k!ayu'kua. qak.la'mne-: "pa-'me-k hun'a-qaqana'ane.-" nao-fk!ueqake'ine': "a'at'ke- pa-' metk hun'a-qaqna'ane." qakila'mne: "(pa-'me t hulakilwctskilna'tla." ta'xas laqaovxa~cce. na'k.la145 tsu'lwetske'Lne- neiss nene'k!e-s. wuue-k't.se Iu'up:ý,,neta'xas Ia tsxale'taqnapaxna'kse-. qaklla'nme-: "ta'x~as hulats!enaxa'la."y lats!ena'xe-. qa:na,'xev. To-f~ua seltselmiye't-se fl'U'PM:aflO ska'se- nejs kiyuna'qa-ps alswu 'e s. k.lala 'xa m qakt 'hie-: "hun' up~zanala,',ne. 1.50 ka.tneek!na'Ia. n'upZx.anatwa'si;ne. paD'Clme-k hok!umnaqaa~ka' BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 255 people. They went there, I and started a fire. Then they saw tracks of people. I Wolf Hat said: "Let us start, here I where I am going. You go along." It was very dark. Then I Wolf Hat started. He went along. Wolf Hat smelled I1 the people. They went along. 110 Then I in the morning the wide trail of the warriors was seen. I There also were warriors. They were going to fight against the Kutenai. I They followed the trail, going along. The friends went ahead to see what was going on. One was namedl] Lamb Hat, the other was named Raven Hat. I They went to a val- 115 ley and went on. After they reached the other side,. I one of them said: "Go, friend! I can not do much with you, I friend." He saw that down below there was a town. I They were about to put up a tent. One man pointed right toward them. II Then Lamb Hat and 120 Raven Hat stopped. I They stood there. When the one person pointed their way, I many looked at them. I Lamb Hat was standing there. He said to his friend: "You might be in some difficulty." I His friend said to him also: "You might be in some difficulty." II Then the one 125 standing ahead was looked at. I He jumped around, and a lamb started up the mountain. I Lamb Hat had become a lamb. I Then the one standing behind stood there. Then a bird flew that way. I A small magpie flew that way to the head of the one standing there. |[ It stopped there and flew away again. I Then Raven Hat had turned 130 into a stump. I The people all laughed, because that man had Inade a mistake I when he said that people had appeared on the one side. I They said to him: "We shot the p'arents of the lamb. Therefore it 135 is there. The other one is a stump. I You see, a bird flew to it." ( Then they laughed. The one who had seen it thought: | "They were persons. When the lamb goes behind there, I it will become a man; and when the bird flies away, j1 it will also become a man again." I 140 Then the friends Lamb Hat and Raven Hat I saw each other. They said: "Indeed, I did something." The other one I said: "Indeed, I also did something." They talked together. | "Indeed, let us watch for a while!" Then they looked secretly 11 at their enemies. 145 After a while they saw I that they were beginning again to mike their tents ready. They said to each other: "Let us I start back!" Then they started and went along. I When it was almost dark, their many I friends saw them coming. When they arrived there, they said: "We saw II our enemies. They 150 256 256 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 te nala'ane *." ta'xas ts!enazxamne*. ta'xas tselmiye'tine-, qa:naxa'mne-. 1axaxa'mne neis ya,,qa'hak.1o 'l1ke- ene ne'k!na-m. pa-l sa-'hanleal'tnw. q!u'ntkalhak!anoke'k!ine- qa'tal'unaxa'mne-. qake'ine o-k!ena'mu ku'tet!-k!ayu'kua: "ta'xa 155 Ia'nva nawetsyaaqanaamke-. qaka'kil." ta'xas ts!na'xe*. qake'ine- ku'tet!-k!ayu'-k-ua: "nawetsya qa-o'aqanq!ankime'ike-, a'~kC' qaka'k-l." ta'xas, ts!enaI'una'xe-. ltkekino-ku~'ne-. me'ka kanxamenukna'na.iqa'talha'kinokul-u~nex ta'xas q!a'pe-lqayaqa~lqatsa 'nne*. yes also'uku!oakowa'Ike. ta'xas q!u'nt160 kalhaqowu'mne- neis yaqa 'hak-.1ohu'kue,nine'k!na~m. ta'xa s if etkc'kink!a'le ýca'1ne-. qa k,,wu 'mne-. ta'xas k!atawakanmiP'yit, at Iae-ktekme-te'lne- qa'psin. ta'I as su'kuilwoukate'Ine-. qakjya'mne-: "ta'xas wanaqana'ki-l." ta'xas nalatdlokaxaniya 'mne- ku'sto-1L ta'xa-s wanaqana-'lne' eeneiek!165 nagm. Kopib'qa-tclna'mu xale'e s n'ok!ultsaquna 'se at n'upski Iqa.u'px lie- kuwanaqananamna'me s. qalwi'yne-: "kutsxaI' a'sma-I qa. e txamenqa'me k naso Ikue-n kaas na qa'qana kutsxalqa'qana." ta'xas, mete *xalite 'tine *qa,. e txamenq a'me k. a'a'ke- nei 170 netsta'hal qa'k.Ie-k ka-'kiyaxa'kukp. ta-'xas qapesnula-'1a'teneis nasolPuk-ue-ns qa.e txcamnaqana'k-e s. ta'xas nulpahnite'tine-. ta'x~as k!umitske'nle-s aa'kik.Iuna'me-s, at qakiyame 'sine*: "ha-'hei', ke"nloo te'tqa~t! ko quaaqaWeltsk!o- nasO'ukue-n kak!a',,kit! ktsik!e.nqo'kua-mle'ite t." qanaake'kine- swu'tmo 175 qa.e~t~amenqa'me-kts ka-kiy,,ia'kukp. pt'k!aks welel-uq!tsqana'xe-. qatseika'tse suwu'e-s aa'ketliana'me-s. ta':;as qayaqawu-a'xe-. sa-net.Ianame'sine- qous qayaqa'wOus. P pkok!us qawoxaqu'm lasxu'n e qa. e txamenqa'me k. qanal' ako,new. qake'/1ne*: "ha-'hei', ke"nlo te'tqait!. ho'pa-ks koqua-'qa180 we'tsk!o* nasofukue n kak!a',,kit!." ta'ixas ka-'kiyaxa'kukp a a~ke- tsxa'ne-. qatke'ine-: "ha'hei', ke"nlo tetqa-t!. ho'paks kohek!cstele'ke-t qa.e-txamenqa'me-k nasO/ukue-n."~ ta'xas, laqaa'kake'nie- tsuk!oteya'I'e s qa. e tzamenqa'me-k. a/ alke ka 'kiya~xa'kukp a'ake- neis k!a'ako- a'a'ke Ilaqaaw'kake'nre185 tsuk!oteya'I'e-s. ta'zxas q!alukl.Ie.'t.se-. Ta'xas tsEma'k!il'ata'wakanmiye't.se k!o-'ktil enene'k!ilam. sakeslwisqa 'aflO' suwu'timo. qao v axame'sine*. tseikatIe'sine-. n'upxale'sine- pa-l seI'upe'Ine- nasofukuewns qou SW!' timo qa.e txcamenqa'me-kts ka-'kiyctxa'kukp. ta'xas n'upxca'Ine190 kse'I'e-n naso'ukue-ns ka-'kiyaxa'kukp. ta'xzcas lats!entxa'mne-. Nei wa'Ikuwa-s ma k!o'kuna-k ma k!u'p,3a aqlsma'kinek!s n'upsa'tiyilqalwi'yne-: " ma- kuseI'u'pca aqlsma'k~nek! ma ktsEmak!e'Ie-'n k!aqa'qa k!enqa'pte k ku'te~t!ts toq!tsqa'mna. maats kutsq!u"mne- tselmi-'yct." ta'xas qaqana'ane.- ta'Xas 195, kl+miyc,% ta' 7"avsIIkq!u.^'mn elakns 'tasuwxnd~n soAs]I KUTENAI TALES 257 saw us. We tried unsuccessfully I to do something." Then they started. Now it was night. I They went along, and they arrived at the town of their enemies. I It was a bad place. There were rough bowlders around there. They could not [ go down. The same one, Lamb Hat, said: 11 "Come here, the way I am going!" They went 155 that way, and started. I Lamb Hat said: "When I am going to step, I come this way also." Then they started, going down. They did not' make any noise on the stones. I Even though there were small stones, they did not make any noise stepping on them. Then I they, all went down to the place where there was good grass, and II they sur- 160 rounded the place where the enemy was encamped. Then I they watched for them. They stood there. Early in the morning I they threw up something. They saw it clearly, and they said: "Now fight them!" Then I they blew whistles and fought the II enemy. | 165 Crazy Old Woman's son was the youngest one. He had not seen I any fighting. He thought: "I'll go with Chief I Not-sitting-downLong. Whatever he does, I'll do." I Then Not-sitting-down-Long began to pursue them, and the 1I youth named Rattling Claws did not 170 turn his eyes from I the chief, Not-sitting-down-Long. Then he heard I that the town was being destroyed. They said: I "Ha, he! There is nobody like me [no man]. I hold Chief Harelip with my knife. I His clothing is fringed on one side." The two friends, [1 Not-sitting-down- 175 Long and Rattling Claws, went along. The friends were already way in the town. They did not look at the tents. I They went'to the middle. There was a tent there in the middle. ]Not-sittingdown-Long jumped quickly to the head of the tent and stabbed him there. I He said: "Ha, he! There is nobody like me. I am the first to hold down with my knife I[ Chief Harelip." Then Rattling Claws I 180 also spoke, and said: "Ha, he! There is nobody like me. I am the first I to count coup for Chief Not-sitting-down-Long." Then i Notsitting-down-Long did not pull out his spear, and I Rattling Claws also did not pull out his spear II from the place where he had stabbed 185 him. Then the noise stopped. 1, Very early in the morning all the enemies had been killed. ( The two friends stood there. The people went there. | They looked, and it was seen that I the friends Not-sitting-down-Long and Rattling Claws had killed the chief. Then it was seen || that it was Chief 190 Harelip. Then they started back. I The one who had seen the people the day before I always thought: "I have seen people. I It is sure that they have turned into a lamb and a bird. I I shall not sleep to-night." Then he did so. 1I At night 195 when they slept, he hid himself. He went away I higher up. There 855430-Bull. 59-18 17 258 258 ~BUJREAUJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 xe- neis a:neafatWS. qa:lats!lae'nse- qa'o'xal'etxo',,me-k. qaq!u'mne"ne-. qao~saqa'ane-. n'u'p~cale- ta'xas selkaniniye't.se- nulpalente'tine k!a qalouk.le'e t~s. pal sseiwana'qaunale 'sineaa'ke k.lu'e s. qalwi'yne-: "kuketk.k'ske I?" qa'wetsk!a'palte'le k 200 ta'xas tsEma'k!il' atawaka-'nmiyt't.se n'up:ýa1e- palI sel'okuill/fs~ne-. a. et!q aova'se cenene'k!e-s, ta'xas nawasx~una'kse. * n'alq!anqalo'ukse-. ta'xas Iats!enas n'ila'n-e. nulpalnc'lne- neis na'ata-'s. qakilam-name'sino-: "at: najts tseika'tki-I tsxal-aha'lpalne'ine- pal ksclo-k!qa'pe-." qa:qakqa'lilq!anlo'ukunex. 205' Lats!naxa'mne-. naqsa-nmiP'yit lalaxaxa'mne- nei ma qa-kIdlyaakaakxaxa'mke-. n'esa'kanunat'mne-. ta-'xa nei yisaumiye'tke kuwana'qanana'mnam. I' upsla'tiyilqaki'kise' alt a't!e s ka 'k~yaxa'kukp: "ha: ka-\k~yaxa'kukp, ke\k!e -st elt'ke -t qa. e'txamnaaqna'ke s ka-\kiyaxa'kukp." ta'xas scl'cn e- naso'u210 kue~ns. ta'xa nei kMcsakinu'nam ktsxal-ayanqa',,tsam, latsxa'se- alta 't!e-s ka-\kiyaxa'kukp. qak'kse-: "ha: ka-\kiyaxa'kukp kek!estele'kta-ps naso~ukue-ns qa.e~t.-amnaqna'ke-s. qa-- qawe'tsk!o- iasou ~kue-iis kak!a'ake-t!s." ta'xzas k.lahuwo'kunam. qake',ne- qa. e txamenqa'me-k: "qa'psiu kcnscl' aqake'ike-1, mc'ka 215 ts'n-eis ke'k!e stile'kta-p. pe.'k!a-ks hun'itke're- ktsxa-'l'e it kanaso' ukue it ka '-kiyaxa'kukp pal ke'e it ntsta'halrta'na na-sts k!aqa'qana. na ta'xa ken'aqake'kild- ta'xas tsxal-aqa.t'nec kanaso'ukueit. ait qa-waq!wut~'ne- k.la'wla." ta.'xas sa-nke',ne- qa~etxamenqa'me~k. ta'xas laya'nqatsa'mne-. 22.)0 Lalaxazxa'mneo ts!outs!u'q!ua. nalq!anq!a'lukna'mne-. 1' anaxa'mna'mne* nei aa'kik-lo "nam. n' up--a'lne ksila'wa-m k!anaxa'ka. tse~katt'lne- qa'la ktsxal't'ne- naso',kue-n. n/upX~a'lne- neis yaqa'halhaqwume 'ske a:1' u'sine ks laqasosa 'xe k!u 'kue.. n' upya 'lne qousts ktsxa 'l'e it naso 'ukue it. qaohu 'I225 ne*. ta'xas lawaxa'mne-. ta'xas nohu'lne- pal n'cn-e ka-\kiya,-a'kukp. ta'xas tina~xaname'sine- kopiJ'qa-telna'mu. tsxa'ne- kopb'qa-telna'mu: "cho'y-a's, tuq!tsqak.lai'pki I kaa, k!a-qant'ke-t." ts,-a'ne- nei k.la'wa-m. qake'ine: "kaa,-ama kuaa Oqakiya'la-. ka-'kiyaxa'kukp qa qawctsk!o'uine-naso'ukue its 230 kak!a'akit!s. ktsek!t'ke itqo'kuamle'jtets." tac'xas sukuilq!o'ukune- kupi/qa-telna'mu xale'e-s. ke'eits nasolukueits wainaqananamna 'me-s. pal kMupske'l'ns netsta'halna'nas. taxta-' ktsxalqa'sts!um'qa'qaps. ta'xas I acanaxa 'mna'mne-. tselmP'/yit nianaxa' 'mneg nasolukue it. tsx'a'-e-. qake'ine-: "alkaa-'qa It. 235- husukllilq!o'ukune- na kenla'wa-m, kcnqa,,'e-p kin'anaxa'ka, ken' upile '1te t. kanmi. yit hents~szalqawanxa' 'mne-. In-'u kanmiP'yit ta'xas hentslaqahuk-lu'kuneo. ta'xas hentsxarl'ana 'xe*. hcnts!ana '-ýalle kwe 'lqle-. tsxalsuk11nemse'ik T!aq ape oke'me -k tiltelnamu"ne-s. ts!alamane 'mo k,,we'lqle -'s aa'ke'nqa "ts." 240 Ta'xas kanmiP'yit qawanxa'mna'mne-. ka'nmP-'yit ta'xas BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 259 were trees where he lay down. He did not I sleep. Then he staid there. When he saw that it was morning, I he heard some noise. His peopl6 were fighting. HIHe thought: "Didn't I tell you?" Then he listened. 11 Very early in the morning he saw that they were all 200 killed. 1.The enemies assembled and sang. I They shouted for joy. When they went back, he cried. He was heard j above. They said to one another: "Don't look at him! I He will carry the news back. He is the only one left." He was left there crying. They started back. After several days they arrived at I the place 205 from which they had started. They sat down. I During the days when they were fighting, the elder brothers I of Rattling Claws always said: "Oh, Rattling Claws counted coup for I Not-sitting-downLong." Now he was chief. 11 Then, when they sat down to separate, I 210 the brothers of Rattling Claws spoke again, and said: "0 Rattling Claws! I Chief Not-sitting-down-Long first counted coup for him. He held do vn with his spear Chief Harelip." Then they arose again. I Not-sitting-down-Long said: "Why do you say that? lie just 11 counted coup for me. I have made Rattling Claws I my chief, for 215 he did this, although he was a youth. I Now, if you say this, he shall not be I my chief. The grizzly bear will never be taken away from him." Thus I Not-sitting-down-Long spoke badly. Then they separated. 11 They went home to Fish Hawk Nest. They shouted with joy. I 220 The people of the town went out. The warriors were seen coming home. I They looked to see who was chief. I The file of people was seen, and one was walking far ahead. I It was seen that he was to be the chief. -I He was not recognized. When they arrived, it was 225 known that it wasIRattling Claws. Then they entered the tent of Crazy, Old Woman. I Crazy Old Woman spoke (and said): "Well, tell the news! I What has been done?" Those who arrived spoke, and said: "What must. we say? I Rattling Claws held down with his spear I1 Chief Harelip. He counted coup." Then I Crazy Old Woman 230 was glad on account of his son, who was chief I warrior, although he was still a boy. I He was going to be clever. Then they went out. At night I the chief went out. He spoke, and said: "My children, 11 I am glad that you have arrived, that your warriors are not dead, 1 235 that you have killed (the enemy). To-morrow you shall not go out. The day after to-morrowIyou will not be tired any more, and you may go out hunting. I You will hunt bighorn sheep. It will give good smell I to your wives. They will grease their hair with the tail fat of the bighorn sheep." 11I On the next day they did not go out. On the following day I one 240 son of Crazy Old Woman went out. I He ran fast. Then the hunter 260 260 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BrLL. 59 n' anaxa' 'mne* neis k!o'k!ue -s xale'e -s kupb/qa-telna'mu. nalnokupqa'psex. ta'zxas ts!ena'xe k!a'ana-m. qalw~i'yne' ne1 kalnoku 'pqa ktsxa1wa'ksiI awa 'q!,WO. qa:na 'xe n'u'p:Nanek11wc'Iqle's. mitiya 'X.ale-. q!apmnmatsnu 'te,. qala'xanxo 'une-. 245 ka-'kiyaxa'kukp n'ivClsma'Ine- k!ofkt~ue-s ta't!e-s. qa-na'xze. qalwi'yse- neis ta't!e-s kaas xma n'a-qaka'te- ka-'kiyaxa'kukp. "ho'ya'sý huI'a%,tneits." 4ake'Ine-: "pe'k!a-ks selmitiyaxnawa'sane k.Ia'wla,, ka-'kiyaixa'kukp." nutsenqkupe-ke'me~k. n'umatsenata'pser ta't!e-s. Iaha'ts!enake'kjne-. n'u'p250 2.caUe nei kwe'Iqa pal1 pe.e'k!a-ks selmitiyaxana'psek.Ia'wla-'s. qake'lne- tsa'e-s: "lpe'k!a-ks selmiti'yaxnawa'sanek.Ia'wla." nutsenqku'peke'me-k nei kwe'Iqa. ka 'kiya'xkukp q alwi'yne: "ma ksel' aqane'tsa-p." qapsia 'teq,,an~'ne-. tsenkiria'pse k.a'wla's. n'it!xana'pse- neis k!o'k!ue-s ta't!e-s 255 wat!axu'se-. Tselmi 'yet Ial,,iaaa'mne-. ts-yana'mne-: "ka 'kiyaxa'kukp n'et!xna'pse- kia'wla 's." qawunike'tine* tsxana'r~ne-. qakiya'/mne*: "kupbJ'qa-telna'mu,-ale'e-swat!axu'se-." wunike'tinektslmP 'yet ny'anaxa' mne- kupb'qa-telna'mu naso lukue.1. qai260 ke'ine-: "ka- kl!aqane'ke-t? henlenqo~qaqana'anae ne- ken' anaxa'ka. slaqaqa'ane- kensa-nwetsqu'xa at qaqa'ane-." ta'xas,Iatinaxa' mne* aa kit.la'e-s. tjna~xa"mname'sjne-. qakile'ner: "cqaqa'ane-; qa.ew't~amenqa'me-k naso'ukue-n qaqawetsk!o'nenaso' ukue-is kak!a'ake-t!s kts-k!e'ke-nqokamle 'itits. k. lats!265 ka'xa-m ta'xzas n'upsla'tiyilqakiya'mneo: 'qa.e t~camenqa'me-k qa.,\qawetsk!o'une- naso 'ukue-ns.' ta'xas kiawa'xam aatk!ame'n a qa-kiltsxana'mnew: 'ka-'kiyaxa'kukp qa 'qawetsk!o 'une naso 'ukue-ns kak!a'ake-t!s.' qae-'t-Tamenqa'me-k rck!estile'kteka kiyaxa'kukps. ta'xas qa-kiltsxa'ne. qake'ine.: 'qawa-q!,a 270 wute'Ine k la'wla.'" Ta'xas hoselq!a'pqalq!anu~rwa'tew. 72. PINE CONE Ho'ya, hutsaqalq!aiuxua'te- kalqu'pai,. Q analunisna'm ne-. qao xakiluna'mne- aatkekqla'Iak!aqIu'nuk. ts!enal' ana'xe- swu'timo qal' at.Iititna'mne- aalio'quwit!. Iaxa'xze nei swu'tiimo. qa~kehne'txane- n' uk Hi' ilwa'ne5 ne'1ya ps. qa nukxuna'kse- Iawuq!o 'ha-ks. qa-neiq!u'kupxant'le k. swu'timo. nao'k!,eo qa'k.Iek ku'tet!-k!ayu'kua, nao'k!ue- qa'k.1e-k a'ts!pu-k!ayu'kua. nao'k! ue. sel'e'kineaatkxa'skaoks. qa-nqap~a'me-k' qakila'mneo: 1"a: swtf'o kaa xma ken'aoqa'qana." n'u'px(ane- neis ksa-hanle-'et.s neis 10 yaqaka 'mke'. qa:qa'samal sukcle.itnana'se.,si' aqakeoia'mneo. qakila'mne-: "kaa, yma ken' aqa'qana hulwanaqana'nala'ati1." qakif1ne k'tItillk yu1kua- "tl:A swu'o.-ts - Ia-h--)etk-'V BOASI KUTENAI TALES 261 started. The fast runner thought I he would bring home meat early. He went along and saw I a bighorn sheep. He followed it the whole day, but he could not catch it. 11 Rattling Claws went with one of his 245 elder brothers. He went along. I His elder brother thought: "How is Rattling Claws going to look? I Let me deceive him." Then he said to him: I "Grizzly Bear is following us, Rattling Claws." He ran away quickly. I Then his elder brother laughed at him. They went on. 1[ Now, the elder brother saw that a grizzly bear was follow- 250 ing them. I He said to his younger brother: "A grizzly bear is following us." I The elder one ran away. Rattling Claws I thought: " He is deceiving me." And he did not mind him. Then' the grizzly bear took him and killed him. The elder brother I! rolled 255 down to the water. I At night they came home. They told: " Rattling Claws I has been bitten by a grizzly bear." It was not long before they spoke, | and said: "Crazy Old Woman's son fell' down." After some time, I late at night, Chief Crazy Old Woman went out, 11 and said: "What has 260 happened? You must have done something when you were out fighting; I therefore the misfortune happened. That is the reason." Then I he went back into his tent. They went in, and he was told: "It is this way: Chief Not-sitting-down-Long held with his spear Chief Harelip and counted coup. 1I When they started back, they 265 always said: 'Not-sitting-down-Long I held down with his spear the chief.' Then, when they arrived at I Low Hill, they said: 'Rattling Claws held down with his spear I Chief Harelip. Not-sitting-downLong counted coup for I Rattling Claws.' Then (Not-sitting-downLong) spoke there, and said: I 'The grizzly bear i1 will never be taken 270 away from him."' ] Now, I have told it. I 72. PINE CONE Now I'll tell about Pine Cone. I There was a party traveling. They were encamped at TimberedHollow. | Two friends went hunting to a place named Bottle. | The friends went along and shot a mountain goat. |1 There were rocks in 5 the center of the precipice. They made a fire to roast the game. I One of the friends was called Lamb Hat, I the other one was called Wolverene Hat. The one was eating I the brisket. They were sitting there eating. They said to each other: "0 friend! I what would you do?" They knew that the place that they had passed was bad. The Jj only good place was narrow. Therefore they said so to each 10 other. I They said to each other: "What would you do' if we should be attacked?" " Lamb Hat said: "0 friend! I should work my 262 262 ~BUJREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.9 [BULL. 59 nbpe'kl~a., na xma huqana'xe- na- nanoq::ome,'jke." qakihl~nea'tsl~pu-k!ayu'kua: "nenko- kaa ýcma ktn'aqa'qana?" qake'ine-: 15 ((/a'ake ýrma hun'etke'w-e nbpe'k!a. na xma hulaqana-'xe na huyaqaka-ýala'ake.e"I Q awunike't.se -nao 'k!ue- laqanaaWetske'kjne-.fl' u'pz2.(afl-pal pc,'k!avks selwa-naqna'lne-. ueis yaiqaka'amke- pal kqa-qa'sa,ma-l sukdle'et.s neists qaqa'se- neis cnene'k!e-s. qakia'm20 ne-: "ho:warnaqnalate'new." nct!nke'senmoqkupinu>xon-qa'me-k. nao'k!ue- na's yaaq aha'nukxunake'ske- naas qa'nalhutstnqa'atse., nao'k!ue- neis yaaqaka 'ske- kwa'naqna'naps neis laqana'xzex neis kU'p:alla-ps enen'k!e-s ta'xas k!o'huwok' qous yaqakilo-wo' ke ste'-ke, n'up::a'lne- qous qakxalutsen25 qa'atSe- ku'te-t!; qous a'a'kw qakeika'xe ats!pu. nala'x,,ne. aatkxa'skama'la'k-s nei a'ts!pu. ta'xas qatseikate'lne- nei a'ts!pu. naas yaqa'halyunaq,,wo-me'ske- na slaqa'halqayaqaha'xe-. qalwiyna'mne- ke'e-n a'ts!pu. Aa'ake- qalwiyna Clmne- ke'e-n ku'teU!. ta'ixas selqatse-ikate'lne-. ta'xas 30 kolaxaxag'me~s qous yarqa 'ninq!oku'pske'. ta'xas n'etske-l'lne. q1!a'pil'itsk.he'lne- pal s& -o',ne-. qakiya'mne.: "lentsxal'ec'n.enei ma kqa'w-am ats!pu, a'a'ke lentsxal''n-e- nei ma kqa'-a-m ku'tet!." ta'xas laa'ntsuuxa'xe- ku'tet!. neis laqa'hal' una'xe-. la.enqa'pte -k aqlsma'kinek!L nao 'k ue neis 35 qa'nal' omona'xeo a~kenukxona'ke s. a l'a'kO la.enqa'pte k aqlsma'kinek!. ta'xas laqa.e'n-e ku'tet!s, nao'k!ueo a'a'kelaqa.e'n-e a'ts!pu's. ta'xas, atup-yana'mne-. pal tsmak!ke'ineo ktsxal'e'tke-n nuop;'k!a-s. ta'xas lats!eia'xe-. Ta'xas neis enent'k!e-s swu'timo n'en-se- kuyo/ukuews. 40 ta',-3as kuyo'ukue- tseikat.lt'k!ine, nejs swu'timo's. nlfl'UP-YaflC neis ku'tet!s pal n'eiqapta'kse- aqlsma'kjnek!s. neis a'ts!pu's nets ma kqa'lwiy ke~ens a'ts!pu's pal n'e n se- nao' k!ue-'s. sta'xas su'kuiltseikati/ek!jne-. n' UP~all qous k.laantso'uxa's pal-aqa.e'n se'so"ku'tet!sts a'tspu's. pal xa'tsen45 l'ae'n'see tc~tqaotl!s. tseikat.he'k!ine'. nanuqka-'nxo'une-. pal ta':Fas la.upxana'mse'. lats!enake'kse-x ta'xas mity'ae yaqanakesq!mahe'kske'. Laqana'xe' swu'timo' n'u'px~ne- sakq!anu'kse'. tunuxa'xe'. n'ulp:ýane* te'tqast!s qous aa,'ku.'q!unuks. qao~xa'xe'. no'hulneo 50 pal n'~n'se- kalqu'pa'ls. kalqu'pa'l nul'ak~le'1ne'. scletskc'tse' ha'nq!o-'s. k.la'xam qake'lne-: "hosan'o:o"'"nqa "II. ska'xe' kwanaqna~na'was." qake'ine' kalqu'pa 'I: "atu'tske 'n ku't'et!k!ayu'kua." qakile'lne': "hutsmak!kiyala 'aflO'. kuyo 'ukUO- ska'xe' skanutawa 'sane'." a'a,'ke' laqake'ine' kalqu'pa 'I: "atu'tskeon 55 kaaS ý:ma klaaqa'kam kuwa'naqnana'was." ta'xas laqanae~wetske'kine' 1101 swu'tmo neis laya'aqaka'mke-. n flU,eta'xPas f'8's aa'ku'q!nuks tun~waka'se' kuyo'uklue-s. qakilc'nee BOAs] RKUTENAI TALES 263 manitou power, I and I should go right up this precipice." I Then Wolverene Hat was asked: "What would you do?" He said: jI "I should work my manitou power, and I should go back I the same 15 way we came through." I It was not long before one of them looked, and he saw I that already they were pursued by enemies. The way they came I was a narrow ledge (good place). Then the enemies came. They said to each other: |I "We are attacked." Both stood up quickly. I One climbed 20 up the precipice. 1 The other one, when the attacking party came, went back. I When the enemies saw them stand up I at the place where the two stood, a lamb was seen going up, [I and a wolverene 25 also came from there. I The wolverene had in its mouth the brisket. They were not looked at. The I wolverene went past the place where the crowd was. I They thought it was a wolverene, and they also thought I it was a lamb, and then they were not looked at. When II they arrived at the place where the fire was, they looked about for 30 them. I They looked all over. There was nothing. They said to one another: "Maybe I that wolverene that went past us was he, and maybe I the lamb that went by was he." Then the lamb went out of sight. It I went around and went down. Then it became a man again. The other one I went along the bottom, below the precipice, 35 and also became I a person again. Then there was no lamb, and the other one I was no longer a wolverene. Then they met again. I They spoke the truth when they said they would work their manitou power. Then they started. I Now, the enemies of the friends were Kuyo'kwe. |1 Then the 40 Kuyo'kwe looked for the tracks of the friends; and they saw I that the lamb had become a person, and that the I wolverene-what they thought was a wolverene-was the other one. I They looked carefully for the tracks. They knew that when I the lamb and the wolverene had gone out'of sight, both had become II men again. They looked for 45 their tracks and followed them. I Then they met again. The two went back. They were pursued [ along their trail. I The friends went back. They saw a lake. They went out to the water. I They saw a man on the shore of the lake. They went there. They knew lI it was Pine Cone. Pine Cone was an old man. He was 50 hunting I muskrats. When they arrived, they said to him: "Run away! They come I in pursuit of us." Pine Cone said: "You tell a lie, Lamb I Hat." He was told: "We tell the truth. The Kuyo'kwe come I in pursuit of us." Pine Cone.said again: "You tell a lie. 11 Where should they come from to pursue us?" Then ) the friends 55 looked back, and where they had come from they saw them. I The Kuyo'kwe came out to the lake. Pine Cone was told: I "Look! There 264 264 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 kaiqu'pa-1: " tse~ka'te-n' qous n'e'nec kuyo/ukue% yuAqua-lyuuaqa;,,ke-."' ta'xas lamate'lne- kalqu'pa-l. lahats!cua60 ýcanv'sjne-. qanawetske'kinew. n'u'pý-ane- pal n'ese-kate'1seenenA'!ews. ta'zxas ts!ena-ja:'me-nlukpqa'ane-. ta'zxas la-Fa' xekuyofukue-. nu/piý:,ne- kuyo~ukue- pal n'c'wse- kul-ak.le'3s. qakila'mne-: "rnaats upc-'lki-I. pal kselhul a'k. le*." Kuyofukue- qana'xe-. kalqu'pa I lo kue'nwe. sc't!es. n'ituk!65 samu'nes ta'na-Is. nalakine'ktse - sc' ee-s. qalwi'ynektsxalqa 'lwiys kuyo fukue s kee'0.11n1' up-a'se- tsene-'s ke'e-ns se't!e-s. qatse~ka't.se-. qa 'qawi-slax.,ma'tamuna'kse- ta'na Is. ta'xas k.laxa"nxo-'l. tsukuafte a'a'k!e*'s. n'a'qtS~ane aa,,kenq!aq ap!e'se-s. me 't2x(a11- kuyo fukue -s. qatak!o one-. kuyo fukue70 qalwi'yne- tsxal'u'pla-ps neis nul'a'qana-'s. tseika'te aatk!e'se s pal n' aqtsxa'se-. tafxas nei kqa'tak!o'11na-ps kalqu'pa Is. ta'xas ]a'Iumatsinate-'lnex. na'qsa-'s a'k!e-'s k!a'qtsx a a/'atkenq!aqap!e'se-s at kqata'ak!o- kuyo'ukuews. ta':as qaak.lale'-q!oyomu'lne- kalqu'pal1. pal qalwiyna'me s ktsxal75 qa.upe'lilI. nu'lk.lenq!o -'ymu *1 ta'xzas tsxalts!naxame' sineneis layaqana'mke- swittimo ku'tet!-k!ayu'kua. ta':zas laxaxalme's a 'kik-lu'es ks wn'aa1.nu~qp's-a',,k!e-s kalqu-'pa I. laketenq!aqa'pse-. me'txane- kuyo fukue-s. tsuk!o'une-. n'upc'lneo kuyofukue-s. kuyofukue- k!u'p:a k!u'pla-ps kal80 qu'pa-ls, qakila'mne-: "ta'xas upe'lki-1, pal ksel'upla'was." kalqu'pal foeists k-la-'lo ps aa'tk!e-s. ta'xas ts!ena'flukpqa'ane. qalwi'yno- kselqatano 'k!una ps kuyo ' kle s. ta'xas noists k.la'lo -'s aa'ak!o-s. q alwi'yne: "ta'xas kutsxa'l'e-p pa I 85 ta-'xas t!awu"e-s aa'k.la'akos qanalwankc'ivox, sa vqa %J al'n mA'tzana-ps kuyo/ukueos kts!elqan-me'txo- ak~eso-s. k-la-. kuyOtukueo neis k!u'pla-ps kalqu'palIs. ta'xas lats!ena'xeo am*a'k I!o s. 90 Kdlala'xa-m swu'timo ku 'tet!-k!ayu'kuta a,'kekiuna'mo s, qake'ino: skanautawa'sane kuyo/ukuO. sukuakato '1110.. q a. c'n-so ltsxalqa.upe'lil kalqu'pa -. " qa -witskpaya'mno'kqa'wa-m kUyo/ukueO. qakilamna'mnno: "ta'xas hults!enaxala'e s kalqu 'paIlelns akq a'nwitsnubelno. sel' a'qa -Iqawa 'se 95 kuyo'ukue 0s.'y ta'xas ts!enaxa'rnne- neis layaaqaka'mkoswu'timo. laxazxalmlao no1 aatku'q!unu-k. tunuxa'xat'm. n'up~a'lno kalqu'pal sakqa'ano,,a'~ko n'uk!uo' ine: kuyIo/ukue. sa'"kqa'aneo. nyup~pe'a'sne kalqu'palI pal n'up~'le-. pa'lats!ena'xeo kuyoIukue- no~s k!u-'plaps kalqu'pa-Is, nei 100 ta'xa aa'ku'q!unuk yaqa-kqa'ako- kalqu'pa-l na8, ta':ica qala-t.litetna'mno kalqu'pa -1. Ta'x~as huselq!apqcalq!anuxwa'to- kalqu'pDa'l. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 265 are the Kuyo'kwe. I They are many." Then Pine Cone was left, and they went on. I Hle looked and saw them. The enemies looked 60 terrible. I Then he started to run. The Kuyo'kwe arrived. I The Kuyo'kwe saw that he was an old man, I and they said to one another: "Don't kill him, for he is old!" I The Kuyo'kwe went along. Pine Cone took off his blanket 11 and 65 tied it with rushes.1 He tied his blanket over them. He thought I the Kuyo'kwe would think it was he. They saw that it was only I his blanket. Thby did not look at it. The grass was standing there with the blanket on. I When he was overtaken, he took his pointed - arrow I and shot the Kuyo'kwe. The point did not pierce them. The Kuyo'kwe 11 thought that the old man would kill them. They looked 70 at the arrow I which he shot. Then they laughed at him, because Pine Cone's arrow had not pierced them. I He shot all his arrows, and the points did not pierce I the Kuyo'kwe. They made fun I of Pine Cone, and they thought they would not kill him. II After playing with him, 75 they would go on I in the direction where Lamb Hat and his friend had gone. I After arriving at their camp, they were going to fight with them. Now, Pine Cone had one arrow I left. There was no point to it. He shot at a Kuyo'kwe, pierced him, I and killed him. When the Kuyo'kwe saw that Pine Cone II had killed one of them, they spoke 80 among themselves. "Kill him, for Pine Cone has killed one of us!" I He had no more arrows. He started to run. He thought the Kuyo'kwe could not kill him. Then he I had no more arrows. He thought: "I must die, for II have no more arrows." They pursued him. He thought he would be shot. 1I Then he moved about his bow 85 on his back. He did this for the purpose I that when the Kuyo'kwe should shoot him, he would throw off the arrows. I When they reached him, they struck him and knocked him down. Then the Kuyo'kwe cried because Pine Cone had killed one of them. Then they started back I to their own country. I| When Lamb Hat and his friend came back to the town, I they said: 90 "A great number of Kuyo'kwe are pursuing us. I Maybe they have killed Pine Cone." They were waiting for I the Kuyo'kwe to come. They talked among themselves: "Now let us go! I Maybe the Kuyo'kwe do not come because they are fighting with Pine Cone." )I Then 95 they went the way the two friends had come. I They arrived at the lake. They went out to it, and they saw Pine Cone lying there and one Kuyo'kwe lying there. I Then it was known that Pine Cone had killed him. I The Kuyo'kwe had gone back when Pine Cone had killed one of them. II That lake where Pine Cone was lying is now I 100 called Pine Cone.2 1 Now I have told about Pine Cone. 1A brittle grass with round stems growing in the lake, s ofter than reed and larger than rushes. 2 Alkali Lake, about 20 miles south of Windermere. 266 266 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 73. THE KuYO "JK'~E Ho 'ya's, hutsxalhaqalq!anuxwa'~te- yaqal' oukta'psk-e -telna'mo's kuyo',ukueQ akqa,,'nke k.luna'mnex k!o kunmi 'yit 1ltak.luna'miie-YaaksaanU'q o qal' at.letetjna'mne-. kanmi'yct nuqurianeya 'mne-. 5 n'uk!uqape/1ne- neis ko'o-s telna'mu. n'aqtsalqxo'une-. sel'aqa1-. qats!ena,'xex ta'xta kanmP-'yet.s ts~calts!ena'xe, neis yaaqana 'weslo'nisname'ske-. ta'xas ktselmi'yet.s nanmo'kuneir neis ma-k!s. ktsycaltso'ukuat t!ena'mo's. qalwi'yne-: "kutsxalhanmu'ko q!a'pe- naas tselmi'yetina'mo-'s. kanmiP'yet we'lna-m. 10 kutsilts!c'na-m."1 Ta'xas na 'nma'nilka'ane- kuyo fukue-. Pal ke 'e n wanuyctna,'mo souk!alukue'lne-. 1axa'xe kuyofukue- yaaksaanu'qus. Iaxa'xeneis ko'os. n'u'pane- sawtenq!oku'pse-. qao~>xa'xe- pal ke'e-n k!anaxa'ka tinawetske'kine- neis a, ket. lana 'me-s. ni up:.(ane- pal 15 n'ok!uefse- tclna'mu's. qakilamne-: "hultjna>xa'mnala'e-s pal kusiet!kwa'1a-. hulqahak'ye'kse-yala'e-s aa'ket.la'e s pal kscl' - esqat!le'et." tinaxa"mine' qa-nqa'me k. nei telna'mo fl'U 'P-Yafl* tkaxa"mse- kuyolukue-s. pal n'up:ýane- yunaqa'pse- pal n'~n-sek!anaxa'ka-'s. n'one'lne-. ta'xas luqla'nte'kse- lan'ese-s aa'qa'ti20 k.lukua. e'segs aakqa'tuwumlat!'se s. sel'e'tmase'itse-. nowoý'Ukunete1na'mu. n' anaxa"mne-. tkalke'-e- louk!us. ta'xas xuna,("nte-. ta'xas wclenq!ku'psex. ta'xas kuyo'ukue- qake'ine-: "pal selso'ukune- telna'mu. k!u'pxa kuct!kwala'e-s, k!clkuktsa'was." qao~xaxe tclna'mo. aa 'quluma'e s i' aqte 'ite*. n'akake'nw aa'kuwu25 m~a'lqaps. tsukualte- n' a'se- aa~kenq!a'wo ks. xun-k!o 'one- neis aa'qI!u,'talIs neis yaakilwtltnq!oku'pske-. ta'xas luqllinkulpse-. ta'xas n'oma'tsine- kuyo'ukue-. qakila'mne: "selso'11kune L- t na ' mu. k!u'p~ya, kuit!kwala'e s. k!elkuktsa'was. k!u'p.ý:a kuhuwasnala'e s, k!e 'tke ii ku. e'kinala,'e-s." ta'xas n)'u'IPýane ne1 30 tln-a'mu ktsEmat'k!e4uque~nko-ps neis aa q!u 'ta-Is. qanalwa~nqkupkc'n e-, pal q!a'pe' kuyofukue k-la'lous aatkuqla,"nt!e-s. k!itma 'seit neists kwanqku'pkin telna'mu. ta'xzas n'oukilho,,kuna'ipse t inct'mo-'s nej kuyo'ukue-. nupa'q!alala'nk!a'tek. nei titna 'mu neists kMu'p~ca k!aq a'qanaps n' anmuqkup'noxunka'me-k. 35 nutscnqku 'pekt'me~k. neists kanmu 'ku ma k!s, ta 'xas ktso 'ukuat t!ina' mo-'s qaa'lo-qa'witskc'n-e aa'kjnoquafakuips. nawetsnuqua\kupk!o'une'. qao v ake'n-e- aak.la'm'e-s neis aa'kinq!u'kups. neists k!anaxa,"mktse-k. nutsenqkupeke'me-k. n' ' - e~q akila'mne kuyo'ukue2 "metiixa'ki-l. ke~nlq!akpakitxof'ukuiil."~ 40 qana'xe' nei ttlna'mu. n'uPýCane* neis yaaqana'mke'. qana 'sekuyo 'ukue.s pal ktamo 'xo s nup::a'se- yaaqana'mke'. ta 'tan u'px.ane- pal natk!almukwa,.e't.se-. n'u'p-Tane me'ka ma, kqao-, y.a'ke-n aa'kenuq!u'ko'ps pal laqalokuc'n-e pal scl'aqaqa'pse BOAS] KUTENAT TALES 267 73. THE KUYO'KWE Now, I'll tell how an old woman killed all the I Kuyo'kwe. I They were camping about. One day they camped at I Smoky Place, as it is called. On the following day they moved on. I Only 5 one old. woman remained on the village site. She was pounding (bones). I Therefore she did not go. On the following day she was goiig to leave I in the direction where the others had gone. Then at night she boiled I the bones. She was going to take the fat along. She thought: " I'll I boil all of them to-night. Early to-morrow morning I I shall start." j 10 Then the Kuyo'kwe followed the tracks of the people. It was winter I and good traveling. The Kuyo'kwe arrived at Smoky Place. When they arrived I at the village site, they saw a fire burning. They came there, and I the warriors looked into the tent. They saw 1[ one 15 old woman. They said to one another: "Let us go in. I We are cold. Let us stay here over night in her tent. I It is cold." They entered. They sat down. The old woman saw I the Kuyo'kwe enter. She saw that there were many I warriors. She was afraid. They. took off their clothes, 11 their moccasins, their leggings, and their shirts, 20 and dried them. The old woman arose. I She went out and brought in fuel. She put it on the fire. I Then there was a great fire. The Kuyo'kwe said: I "The old woman is good. She knows that we are cold, and she makes a fire for us." I The old woman went there. She untied a parfleche and took out lard. 11 She took two sticks and 25 put the fat on the fire. Then the fire blazed up. Then it melted. The Kuyo'kwe laughed, and said: "That is a good I old woman. She knows we are cold. She makes a fire for us. She sees I that we are hungry, and she prepares food for us." Then ]I the old woman saw 30 that the fat was really melted. I She just stirred it. All the Kuyo'kwe were without clothing. IThey were drying it. The old woman moved it about, and then all the grease caught fire. I The Kuyo'kwe jumped back. When I the old woman saw what they were doing, she ran out quickly. 11 She started to run. She took the fat 35 of the bones that she was boiling. I She did not know how to hold' the light. She was holding a torch. I She put it on her head to serve as a light. I When she ran out, she ran. She noticed I that the Kuyo'kwe said: "Pursue her! Strike her on the head r" 1 The old.40 woman went out. She knew which way she was going. The Kuyo'kwe went along. It was very dark. They saw which way she went. I They began to know it, because she had a light. They knew that she had just I put a fire on her head. She did not take it off. 268 268 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 kMu'p,-a's kuyol11kue's yaaqauafmke-. tsukualte- neis aa,'ken45 q ru'kups. nas sen umu'k!se- qanalwat!mi'te- neis lu'qua'qumnlaszxufn e. n'itq!ankikqa'ane-. ta'xas kuo',,kue kimite'p.xa neis telna'mu's. ta'xzas toxuia t laxllofn' ne1 kalnuku'pqa. qa.u'pxane pc'kl!a-ks ksA-oq!ua'lkeiis neis aa'kenq!u'kups. nas kqanalwa't!met.s a,,'kenu'm-ok!us. qalwi'yne k!upsla'tiyi'l'en-s 50 nets telna'mu's neis yaaqa'nmo.ý,u'ske- a,,,ken4'!u'kups. qanalwa't aqu'mlas~cu'nw. qa.u'p::anc neis ksen-u'm-o-k!s. ta'xas nei kiyuna 'qa kuyo /ukue- qanalwa't!aqa'nqum-lasxu 'ne'. ta'xas q!a'pe k11wat!mete-k pal kuwet!nii'mo-k!. ta'xas q!a'pe q!akpakitxo 'ume-k. ta'xas telna'mu laowo/'Ik,,ne-. nulpa'lne- kuyo 'u55 klle~s neis u'me's nal-ukua>x.,anmite~tse-. laqao~xa'e- a 'ket.la'e-s. lalo'use-; pal scl'o-'kte-, Qalwi'yne-: "ma kqa'e-n naso',,k1e-n's kanxa'le-. hults!ena,'mIt kts~cal'e'kam." ta'xas ts!enaxe- neis yaaqn'~lnsa me'ske-. ta'xas laxa'xe'. tinaxa"nmne aakt.la.e'se-s xale'e-s. 60 qakc'lne-: "lu'w-u. ts!e-'na-n' ka-ke't.la. hun'o-'kte- kuyo'ukue-. naqa"ne kqa'w-p. hentsxpal'uptc'lne a'a'k-e yunaqa'pse- aak.lite't!e's. hentstsukua'te6 yaake'iso-k. ma kenqa'e-n nasou/ k"e'n. ta'xacs hents!'n-e- naso'ukue-n."~ ta'xas ts!~ena'x~e- nei netsta'hal. a:nkuwune'kit.s ta'xas tsxanatka' aane nei ttlna'mu. 65 ta'xas q!a'pe" ts!eiiaia'mne-. k.laxa'xam pal pe.e'k!aks n'o-'ktenei netsta'hal neis yaakqa'e-ps, pal n'upe'lnex. a'a,'ke- yake'isuks aa,'k.Le'e't.s pal tsukuaftes. ta'ýzas n'e'-we naso/ukue-n'*s nei netsta'hal. Ta 'xas huslq!a'pqalq!anaxwa'te-tclna'mu yaqal' o-kueltke70 kuyo'ukue-s. 74. THE GREAT EPIDEMIC Tb 'ya's, hutsaqalpalne 'ine- nei pe'k!ak yaqa,,neke'tke-x Qa-kit. laquwu 'mile*. n' u'k!unilsa nik. luna'mne'. n'b~pina 'mne-. IL'o-kunukna'mne'. taxas kqaatsa'mne- tuq!tsqa'kilacmna mneq!a'pe- ktuna'xa pal sanik.lo'unw. k.laxa'xa-'m k!ok!uk.lo 'u'nam 5 tuq!tsqaki'la'mnam pal qloa'pe- qakuwu'mnex. taxas nei k!o-'k!k.lo- laqa'u'p~caka'anex. ta'xas q!a'pe- n'upna'mne*. n'o'k!uqape'ine-. naqsanmP 'yit.s, ta'xas xatkinu'kune- nei k!o-k!uqa'pe-, nt'ne- te'tqa-t! nei k!o~k!u qa'p&-. qalwi'yne-: "ho'ya's hule'i1kqats na a'm-ak, na'qa-nqaq6:'qa'kiilha'qwo-m ku'silia10 qa.upza'ka*. qa.e'w-e laha'qwo-m,ksla'qa laqawa'xam." ta'xas ts!cnaqu'lne- yaqso'me'l'e's. selkqa-tsemune-. ts!enaqu'1ne-. ta'xa n'ecw'nekiyapt!akilha'qa ktuna'xa. laxa'qo-I ma n'aqa'akiihaquwu'm'e-s at luname'sine-. nelinqavts at tsen'upna'mu's, at sl'u'p-,ý,ne at le'tikna.e'tse'. n'u'pý:ane- k.ltSEma'k!ilaluna 'me s, 15 kscl-e'tikna'e~ts. no:'lqats qa.ukuna'kanaat wunmana'mu's at la'ts!enaqu'lne'. k~la':pam ma n' aqa'hak.luna'me s nef~nqa~ts at Boas] KUTENAI TALES 269 Therefore I the Kuyo'kwe knew where she went. She had taken the fire. |i There was a cliff, and she threw the torch down and jumped 45 aside. I She lay down. Then the Kuyo'kwe I followed the old woman. Now the fastest runner had almost overtaken her. [ He did not see that she had taken off the torch quickly, I and that she had just thrown it over the cliff. They thought it was still I1 the old woman. 50 When the fire was falling, he just I jumped down. He did not know that there was a cliff. Then the I many Kuyo'kwe jumped down. I All went down over the high bank. Then they were all I killed. The old woman got up again. She heard the Kuyo'kwe I[ below groaning. 55 She went back to her tent. | There was nobody there. She had killed them all. I She thought: "My son is not a chief. I'll go to him. I He shall come." Then she started. She traveled the way they had gone. [ Then she arrived, and entered the tent of her son. [1 She said to him: 60 " Go on; go to my tent. I killed all the Kuyo'kwe. [ Some of them are not dead. Kill them. Much is their property. I Take some good clothing. You are not a chief. | Then you will be a chief." Then the youth started. I After a while the old woman told about what had happened. 11 Then all started. When they got there; the 65 youth had already killed I all those who were not dead. He had killed them and I taken their property. Then the youth became I a chief. I Now, I have told how the old woman killed all the Kuyo'kwe. | 70 74. THE GREAT EPIDEMIC Well, I'll tell a story of what happened long ago. I The people were living there, and at once they had an epidemic. They died. I All died. Then they went about. They told one another the news. I Among all the Kutenai there was, sickness. They arrived at one town, II and told the news to one another. It was 5 everywhere the same. I At one town they did not see anybody. They were all dead. I Only one person was left. One day the one that was left was cured. I He was a man. He was alone. He thought: "Well, I let me go around this world to see if there is any place where there is any one. If there is no one left, 1 I won't see it 10 again. There is nobody. Nobody ever comes on a visit." Then I he started in his canoe. He went about in it. He started in his canoe, and I came to the last camp of the Kutenai. When he arrived by the water where the people used to be, I there was nobody; and when he went about, he saw only dead ones, I no signs (of a living person). He knew that nobody.was left. II There were no signs (of 15 life). After the one who was alive had left, not having seen anything, I he went along in his canoe. He arrived where there had been 270 270 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 tsen upna'rnu's at sek.lo'use nReis aa'kek.luna'me-s. at la-- ts!ena'xe-. ta'xas, sclqaqa'so xalhaqa'pse- ktuna'xa's kqa',tseReis aa Ikek-luna'me 's. q!a'pe 's sak.kenmoxuna 'kse- up'na'mu' s 20 Reis a'qla-'s aa,'ket.lana'me-s. neists k.la'tiyilkqa',tske- k!u'pxia q!a'pe-'s pal sel-alo'use' aqlsma'kinek!s. at u'upsla'tiyil'ila'nve*. qalwi'yfe-: kulseI'qk!uqafpe- na a'ma-k, o-k!uquna-ts xa / ltsins at pal n'u'pse-." qous.k.la-'xam kjyapt!a-1dlhaquwu'm'e-s, ta'xas ke'ikqa-ts. n ll'U'PallO nake'kse acqlsma'kinek!s, pal qani25 t-ia' aase,. Reis yaqaha-k.lo'uske- upina'mo's. at:n'elqa'hgks qous qa'hakka' aSe ko'o s. I' U' pIYalle naqa'n' a s naqanqa'lsa-s me-'ksa'nnU' u'P-Tafle nale'kse k11we'le ks a:nktsa'lekina'nas. qa. U'p~afle- naqanqa'lsas. n'U'PZane- k.la'qaps kxa'tkino-ks,. la:ts!cnaqu'lnaex qalwi'yne-: "nel hulqana'qo-I Reis at ma, kqanalk.lu'30 ne-s na ha-'kilhaqa'ake;- na'pit na'qa te'tqa-t! nia'qanhoqna'me-k." ta'xas ts!enaqu'lne-. qa-naqu'lne-. n'U'p2.(ale- qous na' ataS n''lse wJb'pqo. skikel'e'kse- ma'xa-'s. qaLwi'yne-: "hults!ena'mil kutsme'txa. hun'c'wa kutsý:a'l'ek. kuts!ttma'sit. pal kustl'ulp:Za k.la'quwo m honul'ctma'se't. ta'xas kutsla. e'ts!ki I net 35 kou'p~zale'k!e-n aqlsma'kinek!. ltnqa'apskilhaqa'ane- te'tqa't! qous yaqaha'wesa vqa'pske' niJ'pqo's. laxa'xe-. n'u'p.:a pal qa.c'n-se- ni'pqo-'s pal n'c'n-se- pa'lkeis. n'u'pqcalle- nao-'k!ue-'s n'~n-se- kwe'lqa-ps, naof'k!ue-'s n'~wse- na.u'te'ys. qalwi'y40 Rle': '"kuselsukue4q!o-k kuu'pxa aqlsma'kinek!. k-e'e'n pa'lke1 hultso Iukuat ktsxa 'I'e n kateina'mu." ta'xas qona'xex. tsenke'n-ce neis na.u'te-'s. tsxa'ne niei na.u'te-. qake'lne- ma"e-s " ka'ma, hon'u'P~ane* t~'qa-t!." tseikata'pse- ma"e-s. n'u'p::ane net pa'lkei pal tsEmak!ke~kse- swc'n'es. na'u'p).calle tc'tqa-t!s pal 45 seltsuk~aft-se- swe'n'es. ta'xas n'ila'n-e nei pa'lkei a'a'ke- net n1a.u'te, a/'ke- nei nctsta'hal, of"k!uquna k!u'pxa q!a'pe's ktuna'xa-'s' ke'eps., ne"sts k~up:ý:nalm sla-qa-qa'pse. k!oukuiIl'ilaxCofna-m. qake'1ne- nei kuwi'lqa pa'lke1: "maats tsukualte 'n' na kaa'qa-1t, n'upski -Its a'quna'ne. t'siniltsukuafto50 hentsxal'e'ne' kanul'a'qana. taxta' we'lqa- na kaa'qalit tsxal'c'w-e tlnamu"ne's. ta'xa s hentsxialyetke'nec aa'qa'ltile s." ta'xaos nei nctsta'hal n'e'n-se ttlnamulle-s neis k,,'e~'lpqa-ps pa,'lkei's. qawuncek't.se- qake'ine- nei pa'lke1: " ta'xa-s huir'u'pL~anle-n' e'n~e kwe'lqa- na.u'te- na kaa' 'qalt. ta, xas, le'e-n' 55 telnamu"ne~s. ta'xas tsxalso'ukse' kents!etkc'nme-l a,,'qa'lt!e s. ta'xas, tsi~mak!e'ise aa'kula'k!e-s." ta'xzas nei nctsta'hal tsukua'teReis na.u'te-'s n'e'n-se telnamu"e-s. ta'xas qake'jkal'ctd.!o'ume-k ktuna'xa. Ta'xas, huslq!a'pqalne'ine- yaqaneke'tke- nei pe'k!ak ta'xas. BOA S ] KUTENAI TALES 271 a town. IIe went out, I and there were only dead ones. There was nobody in the town. I He started to go back. Then he came to the last place where Kutenai lived. He went I to the town, and dead bodies were all piled up I1 inside the tents. He always went about, and 20 he knew I that all the people were gone. He was crying as he went along. j He thought: "I am the only one left in this country, for the dogs I also are dead." When he came to the farthest village, I he went about, and he saw some footprints of people.'ll They had a tent. 25 There were no dead bodies. Farther away there I was the village site. He knew there must be two or three (alive). I He even saw footprints-large ones and smaller ones. I He did not know if there were three. He knew some one was saved. He went on in his canoe, I and thought: "I'll paddle that way. Those who lived here used to go that way. 11 If it is a man, he might have moved." I Then he 30 started in his canoe. He went along in his canoe, and saw above there I two black bears eating berries. He thought: "I'll go I and shoot them. If I shoot them, I'll eat them. I'll dry them. Then I'll I see if any one is left. After I have dried the meat, II I'll look for 35 them. I have seen footprints of people. They might be hungry men I or women. They shall eat." Then he started, and went there I where the bears were. He arrived, and saw I that they were not bears, but women. He saw one older one, I and the other one a girl. He thought: 11 "I am glad to see people. Let me take that woman 40 to be my wife." Then he went and took hold of I the girl. The girl spoke, and said to her mother: "Mother, I I see a man." Her mother looked. The woman saw I that her daughter was telling the truth. She saw a man II taking her daughter. Then the woman and I the girl 45 and the youth cried, because they saw that all ] the Kutenai were dead. When they saw each other, I they all cried together. The older woman said: "Don't I take my daughter. She is still small. Take me. 11 You shall be my husband. Later on, when this my 50 daughter is large, I she shall be your wife. Then you shall have children." I Then the youth married the older woman. I It was not long before the woman said: "Now I see that my daughter is grown up. Now she may be II your wife. It is good if you have children. 1 55 Her body is strong now." Then the youth took I the girl for his wife. Then the I Kutenai increased from these. [ Now I have told what happened long ago. Enough. I 272 272 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 75. THEF GIANT 60 Qaak.luna'mne-. n' o kue'ine. netsta'hial n'tt!xan'pc '.ka's. ta'xas tclna'mu nul'a'qana at n'la,'n-e ke-eps a-qa'lt!e-s. k!o-- kunmi 'yit. s lahutsa'xe e-'ka neis aa' kck.luna'me-s tselmiyctiial'mu's. qous ahan'elqa'haks qamet.laname'sine. qaoý"a'xe-. 65 ll'u'p)zcallO nul'a'qauna's tclna'mu's pal n'c'n-se-. qalwi'yne-: "hulq!u"mne-. ta'4ta kanmi 'yet.s kuts~za'l'ik na nut' a'qna telna'izu. " ta'xas q~lu'mne'ine-. we'lna-m's ll'ela'wue- nei telnamukut'ste-k. kul'e'dla n'ukunu~ca"mne- nei telna'mu ktsxzal'e'lko-. f'u'p2ý:(aflO ske'k.leits qa'la-s. tseika'te- pal n'e 'II se70 e'ika-'s. qake'lne- nul-aqana"e's: "tseika'te-n' e'ika skek.le'itsine- kakct.lanala"e-s." n'ukunoxa"mne- nei nul'a'qana. tsukua/te'aatktsama'l'e-s lu-lama"ne- e'1ka 's, nalq!a'nqalo' ukune'. qakiya'mne-: "qa /psins telnamukuc/ste-k kselsokut'lq!o-k. ma ksa'kil'e"la 3" qunaxame 'sine-. sakqa'pse- e'ika-'s pal sel'ope'lne-. 75 Ta'xas huslq!apqalpalneme'lne- yaqa'qa'na'ake telnamukue'ste-k neis pt'k!a-ks. 76. THEF GIANT Ho'ya's hutsxaltsxa'n-e yaaqaqana'ake k!o 'k!ueo pek!a'knck! nctsta,'halq!lik!a'ma~l n'enca'pte-k e'ika-'s. Q ak.luna'inne- n' uk!uefi-ne netsta'halq!lik!a,'mal ts!cnal'ana'xe,. ta'xa naa netsta,'halq!lik!a'mal n'cne- kqasts!o'm5 qa'qa k!a'ana-m. (hoqua.u/p-,ane kcaaSnaqa'k-le-k.) n'ok!ue'isek!c'lwa ne'lyaps. n' umtse 'ite-. kul' ume'tse t nowa'sine-. qalwi'yne-: "hul'itima'se't tsxalsel ctx.ama' qa. hulaha'bxo- kanmi' - yit.s pal kwule'it Xama kts!ane'k-e neis hulqa.e~tima'sewt."' ta'xas n'ftk'n e- aa;kowask!o 'we-s. ta'xas n'tk!anc'lne- neis 10 aatku'la-ks at q!ayak'n-e-. ta'xas to'xua q!a'pe'ys tsxalq!a yakc'w-e neis aa~kowaskolo'we-s n',as qaakqac'pse- aa'ku-'laks paqts!nana-'se-. qa.u'p~.cane- ka~as naaqakeika~lu'/o's. pal ko 'wa-s qalwi'yne-: "hule'e k." xunake'n e- nels aa' ku'laks. ku'kups ta'xas n'e'kine., sukua~ane/ise- at qaqa'laine' 1se15 ne~s k!e'lwa. qalwi'yne-: "qa'psin ke'e-yi ksel',a'qalsukuafXane-.1 qak. la'tiyiltseika 'te-, q a. u'pyane- kaas naaiqakeikalu 'xoos. ta'xas qa'hanqar'mek tslemiy't. se-. nas qaakilese '-se, ta'xas tseika'teo. n'u'pzCane* neiS aa'kula'k!e-s qf'sil'o'Use.. tseika'te, n'u' p-ane- aa'ktsa'maalS pal n'ula'seox ta'xas 20 n'u'p-Yane- pal ny'ne aa'kula'k!e-s neis ma ksukua'Xane~ys. qalwi'yic-: "ho'ya's a'a'ke- hulaqa'silu'qua kaatku'lak." a' "kelaqa'sil-u/qune-.. unake'n-e ku'kupsts n'e'kine-. n'u'pIY-ane pa -1 sukl~ax e' sx ta'XaS tSeMneiP.1'a'mek. takiuk! mo~ca'me-k aat'kula'k!e-s. mc'ka k-e'ek nukuma'nxi'ine-k. 25 ta'xas la'hetq!o'xumasa'q!ane- ta'xzas wunckA'.tw. ktslmi'yet BOAS] KUTTENAI TALES 273 75. THE GIANT There was a town. All the youths were eaten by a giant. I Then 60 an old woman and her husband cried, for their children were dead. I Every day the giant went to that town at night. I There, at the far end, was a tent. He went there, I and he saw an old man and an old woman. He thought: I "I'll sleep, and in the morning I'll eat the old 65 man and I the old woman." Then he slept. Early in the morning the old couple cried. I While crying, the old woman arose. She was about to start a fire, I when she saw some one sleeping. She looked at him. It was I the giant. She told her husband: "Look at the giant sleeping 11 in our tent!" The husband arose, took I his knife, 70 and cut off the giant's head. He shouted. I The people said: "Why are the old couple glad? I They were crying." They went there, and the giant was lying there. They had killed him. I Now I have told what the old couple did [I long ago. | 75 76. THE GIANT' Well, I'll tell.you what happened to a newly married man I among the people of olden times who became a giant. I There was a town. There was a newly married youth. He went hunting. I The newly married youth was a skillful II hunter. (I do not 5 know his name.) He killed I a mountain sheep. He skinned it. After skinning it, he felt hungry. I He thought: "I will dry some of it, so that it may be light. I will carry it to-morrow. It is far, and it would be heavy if I should not dry it." I Then he made a place to dry it. He began to cut up 1[ the meat, and hung it up. He was 10 about to hang almost all I on his drying frame. There were two thin pieces of meat I lying there. He did not know where they fell off from. I He was hungry. He thought: "I'll eat it." He put the meat on the fire; I and when it was done, he ate. It tasted good. I What he had killed did not taste that way. He thought: "What 15 may it be, that it tastes so good?" I He looked at it for some time, but he did not see where it had come from. I Then he sat down. When it was dark, he felt a pain here. I He looked, and he saw that his own flesh was missing. I He looked at it, and he saw that a knife had done it. Then II he knew'that it was his own flesh that tasted 20 good. I He thought: "Well, I'll cut off another piece of my flesh." I He cut it off, put it on the fire, and when it was done he ate it Then he saw I that it tasted good. He wanted some more. He began to cook I his flesh on the fire, and, although he had eaten, he wanted. some more. [I Then there was no more flesh on his legs. It was late 25 1 See p. 82, 85543'-Bull. 59-18- 18 274 274 ]3BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [1L.5 [BULL. 59 sakil'e'kine aa,,,kula'k!e-s. ta'xas kanmiye't.se- sakcI'c'kine. nuk,,ma,'nxa'me k. qataI aqa, e'krine- ta'zxas pe'k aks a,'ake sel awalkwayt't.se. ta'xas qt!a'pe-'s aatkula'k!e-s n'ckineq!a'pilkits Lxa'me-k. ta'ýcas tsen ma'k!e-s n'tnqapta'ksex. aa'ka30 qke'l' e s II' ckine-. tSell sqapinil alaxapa'kiiri o'k!uqunaatS waluna'k!e-s n',,'kine-. q!a'peis n'~kine. aa~kula'k!e-s. tsen qaaqapki-kwu'mne aatquqt!e'e s mc'ksa'n snaxuna'kse aakiluma'es. slaqaqa'pse- kqa'e-k aa.,quqt!e'e-s aa~kwu'm'e 's. tsen sqapq!ano'ukmala'kine-. n'ense- kqa'e-k alqa's'e-s aa'kenuhna'k!e-s; 35 o -'k!uquna laletq!ox.umaqa'ane- aatk.la'mala 'k!e's. sanqa'me k. ta'Xas laqatseika'te* neis agaku'la-ks nt'lyaps. ta'xas qalsa-nmiye't.se- k.laqa'wa-m neis aa'kik.luna'me-s. ta'xas n' ok!uefise- ta't!e-s ts nal'ts!k~la'pse- neis yaaqanale'ike- ts!ena'nuqkanxuna'pse-. qana 'xe-. II U~pcle- palI qaakil'elwa'se40 nt'iyaps tsale-s. palI ts!enanoke'it.se- qous u'mw's. qa-na 'xe selqa-noxiunu'ksex Un' U'pcaflWaa'kenq!o 'kups. pal sawesaqa'psetsa"e-s pal qat"'pse-. qalwi'yne- na'qanya'qak ksel'a'qal-aqats!e'na-m. qaoxa'xe seltsxa'se-. qakc'kse-: "hya' ma kutsla'ke-lka'tat. kutsxal'aymite'timu." n' u'pyane paiqos naqana'k45 se. k!aaqaqa'pqaps pal tsew' enqapta'kse-mak!c'se-s. qake'lne-: " kaa ken'aqa'qana- ke'nsdl'aqaqa'pqa,." qak.la'pse-: "holaqa.t'n eaqlsma'kinek!. ho n' enqa'pte k e 'ika. masts qoukua-n' ma, ku-tsla'k.le-s." ta'xas laxa'zxe' tsenkna'pse-. qalwi'yne- palI tseii ke'e-ns nja,'k!e~s. k.lqatsma'k!qa. tsen-kina'pse- n'epla'se', 50 aa'ake- n'ekina'psex. kanmi'yet.s aa,'ken'ok!ue'jse- tsa"e~s. qake'kse-: "hutsxalts!ena'xex. na'pe-t holaqa'wamts hutsxal'u'pinex." ta'xas ts!ena'xe- nei netsta'hal, a'a'ke- laxa'xe~'ake n'upla'pse. kanmi'yit.s neis klukqa'pe-s tsa,"es. ts ena'se- qake'ine6 nei netsta'halna'na: "ta'xas a'a'ke55 hutsx.acl'u'pine- ma kutsla'kiil alka'ta-t pal ksil'oIukunuuk a',a tke- hutsxal'i3pjne-" qous qana 'xe nei nttsta'halna na. tsaquna'nex. qaakil'u' plane- nipc'k!a'S qak-la'pse-: "ts!name'le-n'. ho'paks ktse'kam ta'tine-s saosa'qa'ane-. n'oukwa>xanealtatine'smi-l. n'enqa,'pte-k e'ika'?s." ta'ýcas qaakilIsu'kuiltsxa60 nata'pse- neis nope'k!a-s nei netsta'halna'na yaaqa-l'enqaptake'ske- e'ika-'s a'a'ke' neis yaaqal'upe'lsk-e neis k.laxza'ke-ks. tsxanata'pse- tsxalyaaqaqa"na'ake-. ta'xas ts!ena'xze'. laxa'xe-. n'Uf pýane' saosa'qa'pse- neis ta't!e-s. n' cse kate'1se'. klum-- naqaqa,'psex. qak.la'pse-: "ka'tsa- ma, kutsla'k.le-s. hun' en65 qa'pte-k e'ika. huts~cal'ekjne'sjne-." ta'xas n'etke'n-e neis ma, Yaaqak.la'pske ubpefk!a-s. ta'xas selqa'tal'upla'psex. lats!ena'xex ta'xas I' 'V al6 iti~'yax~na'pse-. lalaxa'xeaatkik.luna'me's nei netsta'halna'na. qake'ine-: "skanuta'pinee'~ka. palI n'enq~a'pteek nei ka'ta~t e'ika-'s. pal ll'e't!XaIlC' 70 neis ma kts!e'na-s alkata'tmilI. qatal'it b~naa'-pine-. sel-ats! BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 275 at night, I and he was still eating his flesh. Then in the morning he was still eating. I He wanted more. He could not stop eating. It was I evening again, and he had eaten all his flesh. I He had gnawed it off, and only bones remained. 'I He ate his own eyes, and only the 30 orbits remained. I He even ate his own tongue. He ate his whole body. Only l his intestines remained lying there. His intestines remained, and his throat. I It was that way; he did not eat his intestines and his stomach. I Only his bones remained; and he did not eat his brains and his marrow, 1I but there was no more flesh on his 35 skull. He was sitting down. I Then he would not look any more at the mountain sheep. I Three days passed, and he did not return to his town. Then I one of his elder brothers went to look for him. iHe followed his tracks. I He went along, and saw where his younger brother had killed lI the mountain sheep. He could see his tracks 40 below. He went along. J There was a creek. He saw a fire. I His younger brother was there. He was not dead. He thought: - "Maybe his leg is broken, I and therefore he does not go home." He went there and spoke to him. He said: "Oh, I love I my elder brother! I'll keep myself alive for two days with him." (The elder brother) saw him sitting there. II He looked strange. Only his bones remained. 45 He said to him: I "What did you do, that you look like this?" He was told: "I am no more I a human being. I have become a giant. Don't come near me! I I love you." Thbn (the elder brother) went there. He was taken hold' of. He thought: I "There are only bones. He is not strong." The giant took hold of him and killed him I) and ate him. On the following day his next younger brother I 50 said: "I'll go. If I do not come back, I shall have died." I Then the youth started. He also arrived, and he also was killed. On the following day the remaining one I started. The boy said: "I also II may die. I love my elder brothers. They are all dead now, 1 55 so I will die, too." The youth went on. I He was small. He saw a manitou. He was told: I "Go there!. Your eldest brother who went out first is there. He ate all I your elder brothers.. He became a giant.",Then the youth was told plainly II by the manitou that 60 (his elder brother) I had been changed into a giant, and how he had killed the two who went there. I He was told what to do. Then he started. He arrived, I and saw his elder brother. He looked terrible. He was pitiable. He said: "My younger brother, I love you. II I have become a giant. I'll eat you." Then (the boy) did 1 65 what the manitou had told him, and he could not kill him. I (The boy) went back. He saw that (the giant) followed him. The boy arrived at the. town. He said: "A giant pursues me. I My brother has become a giant. He II,ate my elder brothers who went there. 70 276 276 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 kanuta'pine-x" ta'xas fluq11lafleya~nine-. neis ttlnalu 'e-s e'ika, qaosa~qa'pse-. qake'ine- nei palkeina'na: "hutsxal"qasaq a',nex ma kutsla'kelI kanul'at'qana." qak.la'pseneis netsta'halna'nas: "laqa.t'ire- nei at ma ktsla'k-le-s 75 n'eseikate'1ne*." qaqalwi'yne- nei pa'Ikei. ta'xas nuqunaneya/mnLe-. qaosa-qa all elie pa'lkei. qablwi'yne-: "ma k-tsla'kUa-p." qawuncek~t.se- nulpa'Ine- neis Iaya-qaka'ske- neis nietsta'halna'na's qakiyame'sinw: "Hy a ma kutsla'kil kanxalena'na kutsza'l' e- ma kutsla'kil katelna'muts kuts~ca'1' e-k. l 80 ta'xas n' u'pýane-Ia-ska'se-. n'u'p--ane- pa-I n'ese-kate'ise-. palI laqa. c'nse- aqisma' kinekt!s. qalwi'yne-: "maats hut' o 'nil pal ko'e-n kanul' a'qana." tax~as qa'wanxza"mne-. ta'xas wa'se-. qake'Ine-: "kanul'a'qanu, ma kutsla'k.le-s. qa'pse-n kenselaqaqat'pqa?'y qake'1ne- nei tc-tqa~t! nei e'ika: "hulaqa.c-'n-e 85 aqlsma'kinek~l" ta'xzas lawa'se- neis aa~kit-la'es. n'tsakenulse-. qakila'pse-: "ts!kake/ne~n' kanxa'le-." ta'xas namate'ktse-, naquWiltSe 'ite. tSEmak!weskc'n-e. qakeline, nei elika: "'ma kutsla'ki-l kanxalnac'nats kuts--a'le-k." ta'xas palI ktSEmak!we'tski-n neis kaquwe'1tseit. ta'ixas nutsinuq!ukeneftne-. n'U'pIrane- ne1 90 pa1k-e1 pal pe'k!a-ks tsxalsel'upc'ts. qake'lne-: "haq!amatlatskakt'n-e, hutsxalts!enal'ektoqo'une-. saha'nse- a'q!u'le's. ta1xta'a, hulawa'lke n hentsxal'e'kine-." ta'xas lapeske'ne. ts!ena'xe- nei pa'lkei. kul'tktu'qo nutscnqkupekc'me-k neis yaa,qanalu'n isname/skce. ta'xas wune kft.se- laqawa 'se tclna95 rnu"e-s nei e'1ka ta'ixas laanaxa' mne*. tse~ka'te* telnamu "e.s. RI'u'p).cale- pal scl'a-qane~tsa'pse#. ta>xas ts!ena'xe- neis yaaqanaweslunesname 'ske-. qa-na 'xe ne, kiyuna'qa aqlsma'kinek!. qakila'mne-: "kaas kul'a-qaknia'la~ts kul'upilna'la?" qakiya'mnae: 4"ho 'yas hut' akokliena 'la hounaqa'n-tsxal' upina'la." qa-- 100 haw-mo.k!l~ne-. ta'xa nei u'e skikq!anu'kune-. n'oulu'neskekq!ano'kune-. n'oulu'ne-. ta'xas ne, aa'kenou'muk!. n'etk!ame'l~ne-. ta'xas qa-hawetsqa'mek k!o 'k!ue tetqa-t!. qake'ine-: "hutsxa-lwat!mittke'ne e'ika. tsxal'upu'qune- qous a~a'q!a'n-oks." ta'xas na a,,q a't!a-k qa-haqawu'inne-.' ta'xas 105 n'upxa'lne* ska'xe- nei e'1ka. ta'xas aaqa't!aks qaska f e" nulpalnc'lne-. pal sla'ti~yiltsxa'ne-. qake'ine-: "hulaxa'anxont 'ske-I q!a'pe hutsxalckjiniske'lne-. sukua'iznenalafpne alka'tsa ku'e-k." ta'xas nei kiyuna'iqa aa,'qlsma'kinek! n' oune'lne- neis k!aqa 'kiks ktsxal' ouka 'x~na-ps. qaclwiyne110 na'rne- ktsousan-u>xoiv-a'q,1wum. qake'ine- nei ktsxal'u'pil: "Cmaats wanixa Imki-I taxth' hoqua'tal'n'pil, ta'uxas hentsousan* u >x o nq apke'lne-. " ta'xtas qaqa'nal-aqawarqxa'mna'mne*-. ta'xas wa'xe* e'ika1 neis aaken-'muk!s aaq!a'saks qanama 1 Pierre Andrew: qctaqawu,'?nne-. 3oAs] KUTENAI TALES 277 He could not eat me. I Now he is pursuing me." Then they moved away. The giant's wife I staid behind. The young woman said: ''I want I to stay. I love my husband." The youth said to her: I "He is no longer the one who used to love you. 11 He is terrible." The 75 woman did not want to leave. I Then they moved away. The woman staid behind. She thought: "He loves me." I It was not long before she. heard him coming along j the way the boy had come. Some one said: "Oh, I love my little son! I I'll eat him. I love my wife. I'll eat her." 11 Then she saw him coming. She saw *that he 80 looked terrible. I He was no longer a human being. She thought: "Don't let me be afraid; I he is my husband." Then she did not move, and he arrived. I She said to him: "My husband, I love you. What I makes you like this?" That man the giant said: "I am no longer II a human being." He arrived athis tent. He sat down. I He 85 said to her: "Give me my son!" She gave him to (her husband), I who made him dance. He held him tightly. The giant said: "I love I my little son. I'll eat him." He held him tightly I and made him dance. ' He made him defecate. Now the woman knew I that he 90 was about to kill him. She said to him: "Give him to me for a little while. I I'll go and wash him. His excrement is bad. j Then when I bring him back you may eat him." He let hinigo. I The woman started. After she had washed him, she ran away where the people had gone. After some'time, when his wife did not arrive, II the giant went 95 out. He looked for his wife. I He knew that she had deceived him. Then he started I the way they had gone. The many people were going along. I They said: "What shall we do with him? How shall we kill him?" I They said: "Let us try (and see) if we can kill him." |I There was a cliff; and below it was a lake, a deep I lake. It was deep. 100 Then they dug a hole in the cliff, | and one man staid there. He said: I "I'll kick down the giant. He will be drowned in the deep lake." I Then the people staid a little ways off. 11 The giant was seen coming 105 along. A little ways off he was heard coming. I He was talking. He said: "When I overtake you, I'll eat all of you. My brother whom I atetastedgood to me." ] Then the many people I were afraid when he said that he would eat all of them. They thought 1I of 110 running away. The one who was about to kill him said: I "Don't move! If I can not kill him, then you may run away." I Then nobody moved. I Then the giant arrived. The trail was close to I the 278 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 na 'mne'. lak~cnta- qanamana'mae-. qa-hank!ame'ne- yaaqa'115 haosa~qa'ake' nei ktsxal'u'pil. ta'xas wa'xe- e'ika. q,,Ianqkupqlckxa'lne e'1ika. neis k!u'pza e'ika pc'k!a-ks pal tsxalselts!qaqlekxa'lne-, qalwi'yne- ktsxa1' a'tskalsaq!ke'naka-. qawo11kuenka'ane:. nulnenmoxu'ne- pal kuwet!nu'm-ok!. qous o'me-'s qawoxal.ýunaqu'ne o'k!uquna tsen k!nqapta'ke-s ma'k!e-s qa120 talha'qnex. n' ok!l~nikektsjnoqu 'n-e-. fa'xas tseikat~'ne. wune ke't.se- laqa.up~ca'lne- pal sel'upelnc'ln e'ika,,. g Ta'xas hustlq!apqalpalnemc'ne k!ivk!u~e pek!a'kinek! yaaqal'cnqapto'jke e'jka 's. 77. THE MOTHIER-IN-LAW TABOO Nets pe'k!a ks aqlsma'kinek! at nalnu'kpine-la'mne. nawaspa'ltimo at qa'talt!aqta Kla'nne-. at qa't alsukuiltseikata'mneaa'kaq!ne 'e-s. n' u'pýana-m nawaspa'ltimo at n'escwkMatey~onalmne-. qa'la qa'alnu'kpini-I nawaspa'le-s. at n'up~calc'sine5 k.lqatsla'ke I nawaspa ''e s. qa'la tSEma'k!il' alnu 'kpjni I nawaspa'le-s at n' up~ale'sjno k. ltSEma'k!iltsla'ki-I nawaspa'l'e s. kse4' a'qal'alnu'kpjni-I at k.lqa-sa-'nilwi'ynaat at k.lqa.e'lki-I nawaspa'le s- qa'la qa. alnu'kpini I nawaspa'l'e-s at n'up~ral&fsjne- at kil'upsa'tiyilsa-nilwi'ynaat at k.lupsla'tiyilqa.o'"nil ktsxal'10 A'ki-I nawaspa'le-s. nasts qaqa'pse kuwe'tske-n neis pe'k!a-ks aqlsma'kini~k!. nas ta'x4aLs q!akpa'me-k ma yaqaqa'pske- k!e-'tke-ns al'ats!uv'l'es nula'se-; neis k~up:ýa kamnu'qlo-s aqisma-'kinek!s at ya-qakna'mske- nawaspa'lti mo 's sla~'qa vqa'psek.laqa'alnu'kpine -'lam nawaspa'ltimo. 1 Pierre Andrew: yaaqa'08a'qa'ake*. BOASI KUTENAI TALES 279 edge of the cliff. There staid 11 the one who was going to kill him. 115 Then the giant arrived. I He was kicked hard. When he saw that he was about to be kicked, I he tried to take hold of the leg, but he missed it. I He began to fall. The cliff was high. At the bottom 1 he fell into the water; and because only his bones remained, 1I he couldnot 120 swim, and sank at once. They looked for him a long time, but he was not seen again. Thus the giant. was killed. I Now I have told you how a person long ago I became quickly a giant. I 77. TmE MOTHER-IN-LAW TABOO Long ago the peoplk used to be ashamed of each other. Motherin-law and son-in-law cohld not talk to each other. They could not lookI at their faces. When mother-in-law and son-in-law met, they were afraid of each other. Those who were not ashamed of the mother-in-law were known I not to love her. Whoever was much 5 ashamed of I his mother-in-law was known to love her very much. I The reason why he is ashamed is that then his mother-in-law will never get angry at him and never scold him. I Whoever is not ashamed of his mother-in-law is known I to be always angry at her, and never afraid to scold 1 his mother-in-law. The people held it this 10 way in olden times. I Now they forget how their grandparents used to do, I because they met white people. I This is the way the motherin-law and son-in-law did, I and why they are not ashamed of each other any more. I III. ABSTRACTS AND COMPARATIVE NOTES The folk tales of the Kutenai show intimate relations to the tales of the tribes of the plateaus, as well as to those of the plains east of the mountains. A considerable number of tales are common to the Kutenai and the neighboring Salish tribes, particularly the Okanagon. There are also a considerable number of identical tales found among the Kutenai and the Blackfeet. It seems that the series of Transformer tales centering around Nalmu'qtse and Ya.ukue'ika'm are peculiar to the Kutenai, although the tale of the origin of arrows is also known to the Okanagon. These tales are quite distinct from the Transformer tales of the Shuswap and Thompson Indians, and also from the tales of Old One as found among the Blackfoot. In 1891 I was told that when human beings were first created, they arose before they were quite finished, and danced until they fell down dead. Then human beings were created who became the ancestors of the Indians. So far as the incomplete material allows us to judge, one of the most characteristic traits of Kutenai folk tales is the systematic development of animal society. Frog is the old grandmother of Muskrat, the Chipmunks, and Doe. Her brother, Owl, is hostile to her grandchildren. The fish K!e'k!o-m is the grandfather of Doe, but his relationship to Frog is not stated. The Chipmunks are the wives of Fisher. Chicken Hawk's wife is Grouse. Coyote's wife is Dog. Their children are Misqolo'wum and Q!ota'ptsek!. Coyotes' brothers are Moose and Kingfisher. The only animal that is married to various people is Doe, but it is not certain whether the same Doe is meant every time. She is the wife of White Stone. Their child is Ya.ukue'ika'm. Ya.ukue'ika'm's brother, is the father of Duck. The Doe is also married to Wolf, and at another place to Lynx. Lynx and Doe have two sons, who are Sun and Moon. The other animals do not seem to be related to this group, but live in the same village, and are either friends or enemies. It is one of the characteristic traits of Kutenai and Okanagon mythology that the tales are welded together into connected groups. This tendency is not as mnarked as it is among the Navaho and probably also the Ute tribes, but it sets off the Kutenai tales clearly from the disconnected tales of the Shuswap and Thompson Indians. In our series one group of tales centers around the creation of the sun. The first part of the story relates to the origin of the brothers who finally become sun and moon. Rabbit finds his sister Doe, whom he hides in the tent of his grandmother Frog. Lynx marries the Doe, and their children are two boys. The couple are deserted; 281 282 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 and when the boys grow up, they come to the place where the sun is being made (see p. 285). The second part of the story begins with the origin of Ya.ukue'ikam, who also goes to the place where the sun is being made and tries his powers. The story of his origin is briefly as follows: Frog's granddaughter, Doe, is taken into the water by White Stone, whom she marries. Their son is Ya.uk"e'ikam, who in a number of exploits obtains for the use of mankind arrow wood, the arrow straightener, sinew, flint, and the bow stave (see p. 290). Then he goes with Coyote to the place where the sun is being made. They pass a number of dangers-the fat, the giant, and the thunderbirds (see p. 285). When the various parties meet, one after another tries to act as the Sun, and finally the sons of the Lynx are accepted. We have no other incidents that are clearly connected with this tale, but I suspect strongly that the tale of the deluge produced by the Chicken Hawk may connect in a similar way with the story of the Sun (see p. 304). On account of Ya.uk"e',ka-m's great powers, the people are afraid of him and drown him. The fish resuscitate him; and he follows the people, finds his brother's wife and her son, and tells them to resist those who maltreat them. He kills the chief, and the people are even more afraid of him (see p. 291). This passage recalls the story of Coyote's son (see MAFLS 11:120). Finally Ya.ukue'ika-m goes to the east end of the world (see p. 291). The second cycle, apparently independent of the former one, is that of the war against the sky. Nalmu'qtse crawls about in the country, and his tracks form the rivers (see p. 288). During this period Muskrat kills his sister-in-law and escapes to the sky. The animals make a chain of arrows and climb up, but Wolverene tears the chain. The animals fight with Muskrat. When they find the arrow chain -broken, they kill the thunderbird, and with its feathers they fly down. The Bat and the Flying Squirrel, who receive no feathers, sail down. The Sucker jumps down and breaks its bones. The Woodpecker family are not given feathers. They climb down the sky, and reach the earth in the west, passing through the horizon (see p. 288). They meet Nalmu'qtse and try to kill him by throwing into his mouth a redhot stone wrapped in a goat heart. Nalmu'qtse causes it to fall aside. He warns the woodpeckers not to sleep in wooded places and not to touch a charr floating in the water (see pp. 288,289). The Woodpeckers disobey; and when they sleep in a wooded place, a toad sticks to the body of one of them. When Flicker touches a charr, he and his wife Duck are swallowed by a water monster. In order to find out where Flicker is, Woodpecker sends out birds to invite the fish to his tent. They come led by their grandfather (a fish with BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 283 thick head). They smoke, and the fish indicates by signs that Flicker is in the lake. The Woodpeckers try in vain to kill the water monster, which escapes along the Columbia River. At Red Water, near Windermere, it is wounded: therefore the water is red there. It escapes into a cave. Nalmu'qtse is told to stop up the outlet of the river, and he makes the portage separating Columbia Lakes from Kootenai River by molding the soil with his knees. Fox kills the monster. They cut it up, and Flicker and his wife Duck come out. The flesh of the monster is thrown about to serve as food for the people (see p. 289). Then Nalmhnu'qtse arises, his head touches the sky, his hat falls down, and he himself falls over and dies. In the Okanagon tales the making of the bow and arrow, which forms a large part of the Ya.ukue'ika-m tradition, is connected with the war on the sky. The most connected form of the tale has been recorded by Albert S. Gatschet (Globus, vol. 52, p. 137). The animals make war against the sky in order to obtain the fire. They are unable to reach the sky with their arrows. The Wren decides to make a bow and arrow. First he kills an elk (here is introduced the story of Chickadee and Elk, p. 304). The Wolf tries to steal the elk, and Wren throws red-hot st6nes wrapped in fat into his mouth. He uses the rib of the elk for making his bow. He obtains the feathers for his arrow by allowing the eagle to carry him into his nest. He obtains flint by causing the owners of flint to fight. Then he goes to the place where the animals shoot the arrows up to the sky. He meets Coyote. (Here is introduced a story of the small animal that is able to shoot trees. See Blackfoot, de Josselin de Jong VKAWA 14:73; Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:182; Pend d'Oreilles, Teit MAFLS 11:114.) The Wren kills Coyote, and Fox resuscitates him. Coyote meets the Wren a second time. They gamble, and he wins Wren's clothing. He goes on, and meets young Grouse, whom he kills. The old Grouse then scares him so that he falls down a precipice (see p. 293). Wren recovers his arrows, makes the arrow chain, and the animals climb up., When Grizzly Bear climbs up, the chain breaks, owing to his weight. Then Eagle, Beaver, and Turtle are sent to obtain the fire. (See Lillooet, JAFL 25:299, where other references are given.) The Turtle falls down-from the sky and kills a person. Then follows the story of the Turtle who asks to be thrown into the water (see p. 305). The story closes with the return of the animals. In the following I give brief abstracts of the tales recorded in the present volume and of those published by me in the " Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesellschaft fitr Anthropologie,.Ethnologie und Urgeschichte," 1891. The page references to both series are given in the margin. Those in parentheses refer to the series of Kutenai tales 284 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 published in the " Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesellschaft ffr Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte." Comparative notes have been added, which, however, do not claim to be exhaustive. References to the Tahltan and Kaska relate to manuscripts by Mr. James A. Teit to be published in the "Journal of American Folk-Lore." I have used the following abbreviations: AA--------....-...----..----....--..."---American Anthropologist." AmAnt--........----.--..-----...........American Antiquarian and Orierital Journal." BAAS........--...................- Reports of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. BAM--------.........-. ------..-.....---Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. BArchS...-----.....----.............--Baessler-Archiv, Supplement. BBAE.....-------...--... ---... ---.----Bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. CNAE....---.......--------........."Contributions to North American Ethnology" (United States Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region, J. W. Powell in charge). CI0.....................................Publications of the Carnegie Institution. CU.....-----.........------..--......- - Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology. FL......------..- ------.....------..----"Folklore." FM--..----.....--...--....--..-...-----Anthropological Publications of.the Field (Columbian) Museum. GSCan-......-----.......-------.........Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Canada. JAFL...--------.. ----------......-..- "Journal of American Folk-Lore." JAI ---...........---.-----------..------..-- "Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland." JE--..--------------.----------Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition. MAFLS....------...----...........----- Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society. PAES..--........--------.....-...---.... Publications of the American Ethnological Society. PaAM-..-............................. Anthropological Papers, American Museum of Natural History. RBAE- --..-..-......................Annual Report of the Bureau of (American) Ethnology. TRSC.......-----........------......--...--Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada. UCal-...............-..........------.. California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology. UPenn-........................... Anthropological Publications of the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. VAEU-.............-...................."Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesellschaft fir Anthropologie, Ethnologie, und Urgeschichte." VKAWA............................... "Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetcnschppeon te Amsterdam." BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 285 Boas, Sagen---...................-----Franz Boas, Indianische Sagen von der Nord-Pacifischen Kiiste Amerikas. Curtin, Creation Myths--------.... ---.... -Jeremiah Curtin, Creation Myths of Primitive America. Curtin, Modoc-...................-....-..Jeremiah Curtin, Myths of the Modocs. Curtis, N. A. Indians--.................-. Edward S. Curtis, The North American Indians. Cushing, Folk Tales-.......--------........rank Hamilton Cushing, Zuii Folk Tales. Dahnhardt, Natursagen.-.........---....Oskar Dahnhardt, Natursagen. Grinnell, Lodge Tales------.............---......George Bird Grinnell, Blackfoot Lodge Tales. Leland..................................... Charles G. Leland, The Algonquin Legends of New England. Matthews.................................Washington Matthews, Ethnography and Philology of the Hidatsa (Misc. Publ. No. 7, U. S. Geological Survey, F. V. Hayden in charge). Merriam.......................... C. Hart Merriam, The Dawn of the World. Petitot................................Emile Petitot, Traditions Indiennes du Canada Nord-Ouest. Rand................................. S. T. Rand, Legends of the Micmacs. Russell, Expl. in Far North............. Frank Russell, Explorations in the Far North (University of Iowa, 1898). Schoolcraft, Hiawatha................... H. R. Schoolcraft, The Myth of Hiawatha S(Philadelphia, 1856). 1. THE SUN (4 versions: Nos. 33, 48, 54, and VAEU 23:161). First Version.-Coyote 49 asks Chicken Hawk to accompany him to the place where the Sun is being made. Coyote wants to try first to act as the Suni. Chicken Hawk tells him that on their way they will pass grease, and that in passing he may take one bite. Coyote disobeys, takes more than one bite, and the grease falls down and rolls down a precipice with Coyote. They reach the place where the Sun is being made. Coyote walks along the sky, but is found unsatisfactory. Chicken Hawc follows, and is found to be a good Sun.' Coyote is envious and tries to shoot him.2 His bow and arrows catch fire, and the earth begins to burn. He lies down on a trail, which does not burn, and he is saved.3 Second Version.-The animals try who is to be the Sun. When Raven acts as the 67 Sun, it is dark. When Chicken Hawk tries, the sky is yellow. When Coyote tries, it is hot. He tells everything he sees. When he returns, they tell him that he is too hot and too talkative. A woman has two children, who arrive, and try in their turi. When the first one goes along the sky, it is comfortable; and when the sun sets, it is 69 cool. He is selected as Sun. The younger brother is selected to act as the Moon.' Coyote is envious and shoots the Sun at sunrise.2 His arrow catches fire, the earth begins to 'burn, and he saves himself by lying down on a trail. For this reason trails do not burn.3 Third Version.--Coyote and Ya.uikUe',ka'm are traveling along. Ya.ukuefika'm 111 tells Coyote that they will pass a piece of fat, and that he may take one bite. After they pass, Coyote turns back in order to have another bite, and the fat rolls down. He runs after it. The fat falls into the water and sinks. When he goes back on his tracks, all the fat has been transformed into white stone. In order to get the fat that 1 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:727 (references to Okanagon, Shuswap, Thompson, Tsimshian, Wasco, Wishram); see also, Coeur d'Al1ne (Teit MAFLS 11:123). 2 Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:252, 253). Ute (Powell RBAE 1:52). 8 Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:39, 74). 286 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 has fallen into the water, he heats stones, intending to boil it. Ya.ukue',ka'm misses Coyote, and finds that the fat is gone. He follows down to the water, and sees Coyote engaged in heating stones. Ya.ukue/ika'm makes a spear and spears the fat, which 113 breaks up and floats.-They go on, and Ya.ukje1,ka'm tells Coyote not to pay any attention if he should hear a child crying. After they pass the child, Coyote turns back and puts his finger into the child's mouth. The child sucks the finger and pullsin Coyote's arm. WhenYa.ukun ka'm notices that the child is silent, he turns back and kills the child with his knife. All the flesh on Coyote's arm has been sucked off. The child was a giant.-They go on, and Ya.ukue/ika'm tells Coyote not to listen if he should hear birds crying. Coyote disobeys, and finds himself in the nest of the thunderbirds together with Ya.ukue'ika'm. Ya.ukuef'ka-m asks the young thunderbirds when the old birds come back. They reply that they come back in the evening 115 in the form of a thundercloud. Ya.ukue/,ka'm tells Coyote that the thunderbird will ask whether he is tired, and that he is to reply that his younger brother Ya.ukue/ika'm is tired. When this happens, Ya.ukoe/,ka-mis told by the old thunderbird to stretch out his leg, because the bird wants to suck out the marrow. At this moment Ya.ukoe',ka'm kills the thunderbird with his spear. The same is repeated when the old male thunderbird comes back. When the old birds are dead, Ya.ukuefka-m sits on the back of one of the young thunderbirds, which flies up, and then carries him 117 down, while Coyote is shouting. Then Coyote sits on the back of the other thunderbird; and when he shouts, the bird takes him down. Ya.ukue'ika'm ordains that, thunderbirds may only scare people who lie about them.' Ya.ukue',ka-m and Coyote reach the place where the Sun is being made. Ya.ukue',ka'm is tried; but the day is red because his clothing is painted with ochre. Coyote is tried, but when he acts as the Sun, it is too hot; and he tells what the people are doing, and asks them to leave 119 some food for him. The two sons of the Lynx arrive. They have been brought up by their mother, who had been deserted by Lynx. He had gone to catch salmon for making soup for his wife. The young Lypxes meet him, and he tells them that he is unable to catch salmon. The boys show him how to catch salmon. When the Lynx children arrive at the place where the animals try to make the Sun, one of them goes 121 up and is found a satisfactory sun.2 Then they send the other one up as the Moon. Coyote is envious an.d shoots at the rising sun,3 which sets his arrow on fire. The fire pursues him. He lies down on a trail and covers himself with a blanket. The fire passes over him without hurting him. Therefore trails do not burn.4 1 Apache, Jicarilla (Russell JAFL 11:257). Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:383, 387). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4-170). Beaver (Goddard PaAM 10:234). Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:12). Chippewayan (Goddard PaAM 10:48; Lowie ibid. 192; Petitot 359; much distorted in Lofthouse, Transactions Canadian Institute 10:46). Dog-rib (Petitot 323). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:88). Hare (Petitot 144). Kaska (Teit J A F L 30:437). Okanagon (Gatschet, Globus 52:137). Ponca (Dorsey CNAE 6:30, 215). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:108). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:295?). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:649; Dawson TRSC 32; Boas, Sagen 4). Sia (Stevenson RBAE 11:48). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:45; also 76; 11:57). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:318). 2 See discussion in Boas, RBAE 31: 727 (references to Okanagon, Shuswap, Thompson, Tsimshiana Wasco, Wishram). SShoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:252, 253). Ute (Powell RBAE 1:52). 4 Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:39, 74). BOAS] KUTJENAI TALES 287 Fourth Version1 (VAEU 23).-Hare's wife (a small red bird) has deserted him and (162) lives with a red hawk. Hare finds tracks of elks (not moose, as given in the original), and goes home to make snowshoes. The animals start in pursuit of the elks. When Hare goes to get wood for his snowshoes, he meets Doe. He wishes to marry her. She refuses him. He goes home and tells his grandmother Frog what has happened. She informs him that the Doe is his sister. Hare takes her home, and she lives in the tent. Her presence is unknown to the other people. Hare goes out to pursue the elks. His grandmother tells him to put mittens on his feet in place of his snowshoes. When going out, he meets Raven and other hunters, who are returning empty handed. They maltreat him, but he goes on. He meets Woodpecker, a diver, and Wolf. He passes the game hunters, and meets Hawk and his wife, who pelt him with snow. - Only Weasel, Fox, and young Wolf are ahead of him. On the following day he'meets them. They return, because they are unable to overtake the elks. Hare puts on his mittens and soon overtakes the elks. With one arrow he kills (163) one-half of them, and with the second the rest. He butchers them and shakes the fat, which becomes small in size. He fills the stomachs with blood, piles them up, and tells them to burst if any one should carry them. He carries the fat home, shakes it, and it assumes its former size. He feeds his child, and throws some fat into the fire in order to inform his brother Duck, who comes and is given food. He sends his brother to tell the people that they may go to bring in the meat. He wishes that Hawk should select the stomachs. Bear demands the ribs; Wolf, the legs; Raven, the eyes. Hawk loads the stomachs on the back of his wife. Hare follows them, steps on her snowshoes, so that she falls. The blood runs over her, and she freezes to death. The skins are carried into Frog's tent. When within a few days they are ready tanned, the people grow suspicious, and find the tracks of Doe. Lynx finds the place where the girl stopped, tears out four hairs, which he puts on the ground. The hairs impregnate her when she urinates. Doe gives birth to a child. The people hear it crying, and discover the Doe. In order to discover the unknown father of the child, Frog orders the men to take up the child.2 Coyote, Raven, and others take it, but the child continues to cry. Lynx comes back from hunting. He buries his clothing and strike-alight under stones. When the people see Lynx coming, the child quiets down; and (164) when he takes it up, it does not cry any more., They maltreat Lynx, extinguish the fires, and desert him, Doe, and their child.3 Lynx is a good hunter. After some time Doe has a second son. The people are starving. Lynx's grandmother, Magpie, comes to look after her grandson: He feeds her. In summer Lynx goes to fish salmon. He makes a fish weir. When the boys are grown up, their mother sends them to the place where the sun is being made. She tells them that they will pass their father's fishing-place. The boys start and reach the place where the sun is being made. Raven is the sun; it is dark and cold. Coyote acts as sun; it is very hot, and he tells the people to keep food for him. Because he runs home quickly the day is short. He tells everything he has seen in the daytime. The sons of Lynx are tried, and one is made the sun, the other the moon.4 Coyote is (165) envious, and shoots the sun at sunrise. His arrows catch fire, fall down, and set fire to the grass.5 1 Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 9). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:37, 11:11; JE 8:215; Hill-Tout BAAS 65:534). 2 Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:328). Nootka (Boas, Sagen 108). Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 9; Teit JE 2:684). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:37; JE 8:215; Hill-Tout BAAS 69:534). 8 See RBAE 31:784. 4 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:727 (references to Okanagon, Shuswap, Thompson, Tsimshian, Wasco, Wishram). 5 Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:252, 253). Ute (Powell RBAE 1:52). BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 73 2. THE WAR ON THE SKY 1 AND NALMU'QTSE (3 versions: Nos. 50, 52, and VAEU 23:165). First Version.-Muskrat wants to marry his brother's widow. She refuses him, and he kills her with an arrow which differs in style from the tribal arrows.2 The people try to find out who killed her, and call in Frog, Muskrat's grandmother. Although she knows what has happened, she declines to tell, and answers by signs. The people think that the Sky people have killed the woman, and decide to make 75 war on the Sky. They shoot arrows up to the Sky and make a chain.3 Since it is not quite long enough, Raven puts his beak at the lower end. Then it reaches the ground. When the animals are ready to go up, Wolverene asks them to wait for two days because he has to put away his things. When he comes back, he finds the animals have gone. He becomes angry and tears down the chain of arrows. The remaining people pursue Wolverene, who, when almost overtaken, cuts up himself and becomes a squirrel, which he puts under his own belt. When somebody thinks he recognizes him, he says that he is hunting squirrels.-Muskrat has made a large lake in the sky and put up many tents around it. When the people attack the village, a left-handed man comes out. This happens in every tent, and the people recognize that there is only one person, Muskrat. They go back; and when they come to the place where the arrow chain had been, it is gone. They go to the drinking-place of Thunderbird, kill him, and.distribute his feathers. While these are being distributed, two bats expect to be given the best feathers, but finally nothing is left for them. 77 They spread out their blankets and sail down. Flying Squirrel pulls out his skin and sails down. The Sucker throws himself down and is broken to pieces. When his brother's widow touches him, he is cured.-The warriors Flicker, the Woodpeckers and their sister (a bird with yellow breast and gray feathers), have been left in the sky. They walk to the place where heaven and earth meet. At Nelson they meet supernatural beings, who tell them never to touch a fish and not to stay over night in the woods. They find a charr which has drifted ashore. Flicker tries to kill it, but is swallowed by it and taken into the lake.4 They camp in the woods, and a toad crawls under Woodpecker's blanket and sticks to his body. The others go on and meet Nalmu'qtse, who was crawling along Kootenai River naming the country. He asks the Woodpeckers, his nephews, for some food. They put a red-hot stone into the 79 heart of a mountain goat, and try to throw it into his mouth.5 They miss, and the place is called Little Heart. Woodpecker sends two water birds to invite in all the Fish, telling them that the lake will be dried up if they should not come. The birds dance at every bay, inviting the Fish. The chief of the Fish, K!!/k!om', is the last to arrive. He is given a pipe; and Woodpecker, his brothers, and the Fish smoke. The Fish inquires for his grandson; that is, the Flicker that had been swallowed by the water monster; and he moves his eyebrows, showing that Flicker is in the lake. As a reward he is given meat, which may now be seen as a red spot on each side of the body. The Woodpeckers make ready to kill the water monster. The first who tries to attack him is Long Legs, who, however, is swallowed. Woodpecker tries next. He intends to kick the monster, but the blow glances off. The monster is chased along Kootenai River and comes back by way of Windermere to Red Water. 81 Woodpecker hits it on the foot. Its blood makes the water red. At Long-Water Bay 1 Lillooet (JAFL 25:311). Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:146; Gatschet, Globus 52:137; Teit MAFLS 11:85). Pend d'Oreilles (Teit MAFLS 11:118). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:749). Thompson (Teit JE 8:246; Boas, Sagen 17). See also Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:107, 108). 2 Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:326). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:679). Thompson (Teit JE 8:361, 362). 8 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:864. 4 See discussion in Boas RBA E 31:611, 659, 687, 718, 868. 6 Sec discussion in Boas RBAE 31:682; also Alsea (personal communicatioL from Leo J. Frachtenberg), Hidatsa (Matthews 67). BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 289 the monster hides in a cave under water. Flicker takes Woodpecker's war bonnet and spear and tries to chase the monster out of the water. When the monster appears, Flicker is afraid, and drops the spear. Nalmu'qtse is asked to dam up the end of the lake and to prevent the escape of the monster. He breaks off a piece of the mountain and solidifies it with his knees, making the portage between Columbia River and Kootenai River. Woodpecker continues the pursuit; but when the monster looks at him, he becomes afraid and is unable to kill it. The Fox finally takes a tomahawk, kills the monster, and cuts it up. Flicker and Duck come out. They have become white in the stomach of the monster. While in its stomach, they made a fire with their canoe. The monster had asked them not to make too large a fire, because it might melt its fat. The Flicker had been worn down to its present size. They cut off the ribs of the monster and throw them down the river, where they become a cliff. The body is cut up and scattered about. It becomes the food of the 83 people. They forget the Kutenai, and only a little blood is left, which they scatter over the country. For this reason the Kutenai are few.1 Second Version.-Nalmu'qtse is called the grandfather of the Kutenai. He is a man 85 of giant size, and never stands up. He knows that he is about to die, and travels over the country, giving names to places. Wherever he crawls, a river flows.2 He meets 87 the Woodpecker brothers and their sister sitting on a mountain. They have come down from the sky after the animals have made war on Muskrat (as told before). They are angry because they have not been given any feathers to fly down. Woodpecker tries to kill the people; and when he meets his uncle Nalmu/qtse, he tries to kill him too. He throws a heart containing a red-hot stone at him, pretending that it is food.3 Nalmu'qtse nods, and it falls down, and the place is called Little Heart. Nalmu'qtse warns Woodpecker, telling him not to touch a charr and not to sleep in dense woods. The Woodpeckers disobey, and Flicker is swallowed by a water monster.4 Nalmu'qtse crawls along and decides to stand up. When he rises, his war bonnet touches the sky. It falls, and he also falls, saying that the place will be called Ear. 89 Third Version (VAEU 23).-The father of Muskrat 5 has two wives. After his death (165) Muskrat wants to marry his second wife, who refuses him. He shoots her with an arrow of unknown design. He lies down, pretending to be sick. The people find the dead woman, and inquire for the owner of the arrow. Muskrat smells of it, and says it came from the sky. They make war against the sky. Coyote shoots up an arrow without reaching it. Other animals try in vain. Finally two Hawks shoot. Their first arrow strikes the sky after flying one day and one night. They make a chain of arrows,6 which Raven completes by putting his beak in the nock of the last arrow. Wolverene asks the other animals to wait, because he wants to look after his traps. They leave before he returns; therefore he is angry and tears down the arrows, which are transformed into a mountain (Mount Baker, near Cranbrook, B. C.). Muskrat has climbed up into the sky, where he makes tents along the shore of a lake. The houses are dirty. He shoots from the houses, passing under ground from one to the 1 Coeur d'Alene (Teit MAFLS 11:122). Nez rerce (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:149). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:661, 662, 665-667). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:80; JE 8:255). 2 Chippewayan (much distorted in Loft house, Transactions Canadian Institute 10:44). Dog-Rib (Sir John Franklin, Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea [London, 1828], p. 293). Etheneldell (Caribou-Eaters), (Samuel Hearne, A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern Ocean [London, 1795], p. 343). Kato (Goddard UCal 5:188). Kaska (Teit J A F L 30:444). s See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:682. Also Hidatsa (Matthews 67). 4 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:611, 659, 687, 718, 868. 6 Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:326). Shuswap (Toit JE 2:679). Thompson (Teit JE 8:361, 362). 6 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:864. 85543~-Bull. 59-18- 19 290 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 other. Woodpecker discovers that there is only one person, Muskrat, whom they kill. (166) When they find the arrow chain broken, they snare thunderbird, put on his feathers, and fly down. Those who receive feathers are transformed into birds; the others, into fish and land mammals. Coyote sails down, steering with his tail. The Sucker breaks all his bones. He is given new ones: therefore the sucker's body is now full of bones. 89 3. YA.UKUE/,ItA'M (No. 53).-Frog warns her granddaughter, Young Doe, not to drink at a water hole. She disobeys,1 and is pulled down by a man named White Stone, who lives in the water, and marries her. Their son is Ya.ukue/ika-m.--White Stone's brother, Gray Stone, dislikes Ya.ukue/lka'm, who is sent by his mother to visit 91 hisgreat-grandmother Frog. Ya.ukue/,ka'm goes; and when he sees the old Frog Woman, he is afraid.2 HI makes her sleep and plays in the tent. He goes back to his mother, who wants him to stay with his great-grandmother. When Frog wakes, she notices that somebody has been there. She makes a small bow and a small basket, and hangs them up. Ya.ukue/,ka'm gets back, makes her sleep again, and plays with the bow, which he breaks. When the Frog wakes, she says that her grandchild must have been a boy, because he had been playing with a bow. Next time the Frog captures him. 93 When Ya.ukue/^ka'm is growing up, he asks the Frog Woman for arrow wood and service-berry wood.3 She warns him, but he sets out to obtain the wood from the Grizzly Bear, who owns it. Cranes, Marmots, and Beavers are Grizzly Bear's watchmen, appointed to warn him of the arrival of strangers. The youth bribes them to be quiet until he returns. He takes the service-berry bushes and makes his escape. 95 The animals make a noise; Grizzly Bear assumes his animal form, and pursues Ya.ukue/ika'm. The animals make excuses, but the Bear threatens to kill them after having overtaken Ya.ukue/,ka'm, who causes a hill to rise behind him, which detains Grizzly Bear. Thus arrow wood is obtained. He goes to his mother's tent, and Gray Stone promises to kill Grizzly Bear. Gray Stone rubs himself with grease and becomes a stone, which is heated by the fire. He orders Ya.ukue/,ka'm to stand next to the doorway. Grizzly Bear, when trying to bite him, closes his eyes; Ya.ukue/,ka'm steps aside, and the Bear bites the post. Meanwhile Gray Stone becomes so hot, that the 97 stone almost bursts. Just when the Bear opens his mouth, the fragments of the stone fly about; Gray Stone goes right through Grizzly Bear, who dies. After this the Grizzly Bear remains a bear. Ya.ukue/ika-m skins the grizzly bear, and drags the skin which is attached to the head into Frog Woman's tent. She is afraid of the grizzly bear. She paints her legs red and stands in the doorway, holding a hammer. She had put up a sharp stone in the doorway. Ya.ukuei/ka-m drags the grizzly-bear skin in, and Frog strikes it; but Ya.ukue/,ka'm jerks it at that moment, so that she strikes the stone, 99 which she breaks. Ya.ukue/,ka'm asks for feathers for his arrow. He is told that ducks on a lake own the feathers. He goes there, wearing ear ornaments. Ya.ukue/ika'm, who is painted red, asks one of the Ducks to come ashore, asks for his feathers, and promises to pay him with his ear ornaments. The Duck obeys, and becomes 101 very beautiful. When the other Ducks see it, they all go ashore, and he takes their feathers. He adorns all of them.4 Thus feathers are obtained. Ya.ukue/ika'm goes to obtain the arrow straightener from Bighorn Sheep. He goes to Bighorn Sheep, who tells him that the arrow straightener is on the other side of the river. When he is climbing the mountain, Bighorn goes back across the river in his 1 Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:156, 158). Hidatsa (Matthews 68). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:674, 694), etc. Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:125, 157). 2 Shuswap (Teit JE 2:693). 3 Beaver (Goddard PaAM 10:235). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:88-90). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:437). Okanagon (Gatschet, Globus 52:137). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:76). 4 See p. 296, No. 18. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 291 canoe. He puts the penis of the Bighorn into the water, by means of which he pro- 103 duces a snowstorm. Ya.ukue/ika'm knows what is coming. He finds a tent, and is taken care of by his brothers and sisters, (probably animals) that live there. The house owner counteracts Bighorn's charm by striking his testicles. Bighorn thinks he hears the bursting of Ya.ukue'zka-m's eyes, and Bighorn causes the cold to stop. While it is cold, Bighorn is throwing warm things on himself. After some time Bighorn Sheep returns to look for Ya.ukue'ika'm. After the Bighorn has crossed the river, Ya.ukue'ika-m goes into his canoe, crosses the river, and does the same as the Bighorn has done. A snowstorm arises, and he goes into Bighorn Sheep's tent and throws warm things on himself. When he hears the noise of eyes bursting, he says, "Don't let it be cold any more!" After all this has happened, the old man has been transformed into a mountain sheep, and Ya.ukue/ika-m takes the arrow straightener. Thus man obtains the arrow straightener. In order to obtain sinew, Ya.ukue'ika-m goes to the tent of Mouse, who is afraid of 105 the Bull Moose, which almost breaks the tent. He obtains first a poor bow, then a good bow, kills the Moose for Mouse, and takes the sinew. Thus man obtains sinew.'. He goes to obtain Flint.2 Flint is a man. If a person pays him well, he trans- 107 forms himself into stone. and allows pieces to be broken off. When Ya.ukue'ika'm arrives, Flint retains the form of a man, because he expects high pay. Ya.ukue/ika'm tells Flint that Diorite Man claims to be stronger than Flint. By carrying tales from one to the other he causes them to quarrel and to fight. When they strike each other, large pieces of flint and diorite fall off, and he is able to obtain the stone he needs. Thus he produces flint and tough stone for the use of man. Ya.ukuefka-m goes to obtain bow wood. Two squirrels as large as grizzly bears 109 stand on each side of a trail. He kills them. From the body creeps the small squirrel of our times. He passes between two moving trees, which crush any one who passes between them. He keeps them apart by putting his spear across.3 Then he scatters the cedar wood. Ya.ukue'ika-.m asks his mother where the sun rises, and he tells her that he is going there. 4. THE PEOPLE TRY TO KILL YA.UKuE/,KA-M (No. 55).-The people kill 121 Ya.ukue'ika'm and throw him into the river. Then they break camp and order Crane to drag a young tree to cover their tracks. The fish nibble at the drowned man's 123 body, and he awakes. He kicks the fish, but they say that they are restoring him. He follows the people, meets Crane, whom he kills. He also kills Crane's wife. When he approaches the people, he sees his sister-in-law, who is lagging behind and who is crying. She carries her child, Duck, on her back. The child recognizes him and tells his mother, who, however, disbelieves him. Ya.ukue,'ka-m shows himself, and 125 she tells him that the people take away his brother's game, and that Duck has to render menial services to the chief, that they also take away the tent site that she is preparing. Ya.ukue'ika-m tells his brother and his sister-in-law to resist the people.4 The people 127 are afraid when the two act independently. The chief, aft sr defecating, calls Duck to clean him, and Duck kills him with arrow points that he has attached to his head.5 Ya.ukue'ika-m shows himself, and the people are afraid of him. 1 Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:438). 2 Kalapooya (information given by A. S. Gatschet). Shuswap (Teit JE 2: 645; Dawson TRSC 1891: 35). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6: 76). Tillamook (Boas JAFL 11: 144). See Boas, RBAE 31: 612, No. 5. 8 See Boas, RBAE 31: 613, No. 9. 4 Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:20). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:25). 5 Quinault (Farrand JE 2:100). 292 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 191 5. COYOTE AND TREE CHIEF1 (2 versions: No. 64 and VAEU 23:166).-Coyote passes Tree Chief's tent. Tree Chief's mother likes him, and wishes him to become 193 her son's friend. The two friends go out. When they pass Wolf's trap, Coyote diverts the attention of his friend and pushes him in. He pretends to be unable to pull him out. He induces him to throw out all his clothing, including a hawk, which he carries on his head, and his saliva. Then he leaves him and goes to the town where a chief lives who has two daughters. The chief, Golden Eagle, believes that he is 195 Tree Chief. Wolf and his wife find Tree Chief in the trap. He has taken the form of a young child. Wolf wants to kill him; his wife wants to raise him. They agree that whoever reaches him first shall do with him what he pleases. Wolf's wife digs through the ground very quickly and rescues him.2 Tree Chief asks Wolf Woman for sinew, which the boy uses for making a netted ring. 197 He holds it up, and it is full of birds. Next he asks for the leg skin of a yearling buffalo calf. He makes a netted ring, rolls it into the tent, and tells the woman to cover her head. It becomes a buffalo, which he kills. He tells the woman to put the blood and guts behind the tent. On the following day they are transformed into 199 pemmican. Coyote has married one of the daughters of Golden Eagle. Tree Chie takes some pemmican, and goes to the river to draw water. - There he meets the chief's daughter, to whom he gives the pemmican. Next the boy asks for the leg part "of the skin of a buffalo bull. He obtains a buffalo in the same way as before. He puts the blood in the skin and puts it away. On the next day the blood has been transformed into pemmican; the skin, into a painted blanket. He goes again to draw water, and tells the girl to say that she has received pemmican from the one whom she saw at the river. Tree Chief hides the buffalo, and the people in the village of Golden Eagle are 201 starving. Golden Eagle throws up a feather of his body, which becomes an eagle, which is perched on a tree. He arranges a contest, and orders every one to try to shoot the eagle. Each is to have one shot. Coyote shoots repeatedly, but does not hit the eagle. Tree Chief appears, and hits the eagle. Coyote pretends that his arrow had hit it; but when he is carrying along the bird on his arrow, it is seen that it 203 is a prairie chicken. The boy goes back to the Wolf. In the evening he meets the girl again, and tells her that on the following day at noon he will show himself. He goes to the village in the same form as he used to have. The people are puzzled, because he himself and Coyote look alike. Tree Chief's saliva turns into shells, which are eaten by the sparrow hawk that sits on the youth's head; while Coyote has lost this art, and his hawk is starving. 205 Tree Chief tells the chief, his father-in-law, to look at his fortune-telling place. The chief sees tracks of buffalo cows, and sends the people to go hunting. Tree Chief goes ahead, piles up buffalo chips, which he transforms into buffaloes. The people kill the buffaloes. Tree Chief takes an old mangy buffalo cow. IIe is laughed at by 207 Coyote. Tree Chief takes it home. He gives his arrow to his wife, and tells her not 1 Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:348, 372). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 134). Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 12:30; 13:160; Wissler PaAM 2:47). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:170). Crow (Simms FM 2:291). Hidatsa (Matthews 63). Kutenal (Boas VAEU 23:166). Nez Perc6 (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:159). Ojibwa (de Josselin de Jong BArchS 5:2; only beginning). Okanagon (Teit MAFLS 11:85). Omaha (Dorsey CNAE 6:55, 604). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:159, 164, 280 et seq.). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:274). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:695). Teton (Curtis, N. A. Indians 3:111). 2 See Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:117). BOASI KUTENAI TALES to touch any one with it. When he is skinning the mangy cow, it turns into a fat buffalo. A dog tries to get some of the meat. The woman touches it with the arrow, and the dog falls down dead. When she touches it again, the dog revives. Coyote also kills a dog, and tries to revive it by touching it with an arrow, but he is unsuccessful. Tree Chief's wife carries the meat in her blanket into her tent. On the 209 following morning the blood is transformed into pemmican; the skin, into a painted blanket. Coyote is unable to imitate this feat. Coyote tries to make buffalo out of 211 buffalo chips, but is unable to do so. Finally Tree Chief gets impatient, and strikes Coyote with a firebrand, intending to kill him. Coyote runs westward, while Tree Chief goes eastward. Tree Chief says both will 213 come back at the end of the world. Second Version (VAEU 23).-Tree Chief is Coyote's friend. Golden Eagle asks (166) Tree Chief to marry his daughter. The two young men start, and on the way Coyote throws Tree Chief into a pit. He asks for the bird which Tree Chief carries on his head, for his blanket and saliva. He puts these on, leaves Tree Chief in the pit, and goes to the village of Golden Eagle, where he marries the girl. Tree Chief transforms himself into an infant. The owner of the pit and his wife try who can reach the child first. Tree Chief by magic makes the soil loose where the woman is digging, so that she reaches him first. When the boy is a few years old, he asks for a snare in order to catch birds. He sets it, moves his hands, and the snare is full of birds. He asks for the skin of a buffalo calf and makes a netted ring. He tells the old people to lie down, and rolls the ring against the tent. The ring becomes a buffalo calf, which he kills. The intestines, which the woman puts away according to the boy's orders, are transformed into pemmican. The same happens to the skin of a one-year-old buffalo, which is transformed into a young bull, which he kills. He tells the old people that he is Tree Chief. He goes to the river and meets Golden Eagle's younger daughter, whom he marries. The people are starving because the buffaloes have disappeared. Tree Chief tells the hunters to wait at a buffalo drive. By kicking buffalo chips he transforms them into buffaloes, which are driven to a precipice. There are two buffaloes for each hunter. Tree Chief selects an old lean one for himself. He tells his wife not to strike their dog. When she disobeys, the dog falls down dead. He tells her to strike the dog again, and the dog revives. Coyote is unable to imitate this. Tree Chief drives away Coyote, reminding him that he had tried to kill him. 6. COYOTE AND Fox 1 (No. 1).-Coyote asks Fox for his blanket. They race. (This 1 is probably a reference to the tale of Coyote borrowing Fox's blanket and being carried away by the wind.) 2 7. COYOTE AND LocusT (No. 2).-Coyote carries Locust. They meet a Grizzly Bear. 3 Coyote puts Locust down at the edge of a cliff. Locust scares the female Grizzly Bear, who falls down the cliff and dies.2 Coyote and Locust eat the body. Later on they meet the male Grizzly Bear. Coyote is put down and turns into a stump, which the Grizzly Bear tries to bite. Coyote is retransformed and gives fat to the bear to eat. He says it is beaver fat. The bear asks whether they have seen the female 4 Grizzly Bear. After first denying to have seen her, Coyote tells the Bear that he 1 Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:152). Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 6; Teit JE 2:634, 742). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:8). 2 The idea of a person being frightened by the sudden flying up of birds or by a sudden movement, and caused to fall down a cliff, is rather widely spread. Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:110). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:305, an incomplete version of the story of Coyote and Grouse). Ojibwa ((Jones PAES 7:43, 191, 415). Okanagon (Gatschet, Globus 52:138). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:459). Pend d'Oreilles (Teit MAFLS 11:114). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:101). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:629, 740). 294 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 (the Bear) has eaten his wife's fat. Coyote runs away, pursued by the Bear. Coyote falls, and his hands strike a buffalo horn, with which he scares away the Grizzly Bear.' 141 8. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR 1 (No. 57).-Coyote sees Grizzly Bear feeding, and 143 calls him names.2 Grizzly Bear pursues him. While they are running, Coyote jumps over the Bear. The Bear chases him around a stone. Coyote falls down and falls on the horns of a buffalo, which stick on his hands. Coyote rises, and with the horns frightens away the Bear. The Bear swims the river, and is hit with the horns. 3 9. COYOTE AND LOCUST 3 (No. 3).-Locust is carrying his leg. Coyote envies him, 4 and breaks his own leg too. The two make friends. Coyote goes ahead, and is kicked by Locust, who kills him. When Magpie picks at Coyote's eyes,4 Coyote revives. 5 He slaps himself, and the dung tells him 5 that he will become a knife attached to Coyote's foot. Locust goes ahead, and Coyote kills him. 5 10. COYOTE AND GRIZZLY BEAR (No. 4).-Coyote makes fun of Grizzly Bear's dung.' 6 In order to catch Coyote, the Bear first creates service berries, then wild cherries, 7 which Coyote does not eat. Then he creates rose hips; when Coyote is eating these, Grizzly Bear catches him, together with the bushes. Coyote pleads that he did not offend Grizzly Bear. When Grizzly Bear tries to hit him, Coyote runs away. He 8 calls for the help of his manitous. One of these becomes a river; another, a log which lies across the river and bobs up and down; a third one becomes a tent. Coyote is told to come out of the tent as soon as the Grizzly Bear app'ears, and to abuse him. When the Bear reaches the river, he tries to cross on the bobbing log. Coyote holds the log, but lets go of it while the Bear is crossing over it. The Grizzly Bear falls off and is drowned.6 8 11. COYOTE GOES VISITING 7 (No. 5).-Coyote's wife is Dog. Coyote sends his chil9 dren to visit their uncles. They go to Kingfisher, who stretches his hand back to get his sharp horn. Kingfisher sends his two children to bring two switches. He ties his hair over his forehead, and jumps from the top of the tent into the water through a 10 hole in the ice. He comes back carrying two switches filled with fish. The following day Dog sends her children to visit their uncle Moose. Moose cuts off his wife's nose, throws ashes on the cut, which heals up at once. He sends his children to get roots, 11 Which are rolled in the ashes of the wife and become guts. He slaps himself, and camas appears. On the following day Coyote tries in vain to imitate him. 1 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:121). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:32; Uhlenbeck VKAWA 12:63). Cree (Russell, Expl. in Far North 209). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:277; Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:266). 2 Shuswap (Teit JE 2:654). Ute (RBAE 1:54), etc. 3 Nez Percd (Spinden JAFL 21:23). Perhaps Shuswap (Teit JE 2:655). 4 Nez Perce (MAFLS 11; Mayer-Farrand 151; Spinden 180). 6 Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:16). Chinook (Boas BBAE 20:92). Flathead (Wilson, Trans. Ethn. Soc. of London, 1866, 4:312). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:444). Kathlamet (Boas BBAE 26:45). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:308, 317). Nez Perc6 (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:141). Okanagon (Teit MAFLS 11:73-75). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:237, 241, 254). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:635). Tahltan (Teit MS). Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:65, 83). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:30, 60; MAFLS 11:2; JE 8:234). 6 See Waterman JAFL 27:43, "Crane Bridge." 7 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:694; also Nez Perc6 (MAFLS 11: Mayer-Farrand 164; Spinden, 181); Osage (Dorsey FM 7:13, 15); Shoshoni (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:266); Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:6); Zuni (Edward S. Handy JAFL 31). A number of Californian tales of unsuccessful imitation may perhaps be distantly related to the tale of the bungling host. See Wisbosk (Kroeber JAFL 18:102); Yana (Sapir U Cal 9;211). BOAS] UTENTAI TALES 295 12. COYOTE AND BUFFALO 1 (2 versions: Nos. 6 and 47). First Version.-Coyote finds 12 the skull of a buffalo bull. He kicks it. After a while he hears a noise and sees Buffalo coming in pursuit. His manitous hide him in the stump of a burnt tree, which the Buffalo shatters; next in a stone, which he also shatters; in a pond, which 13 Buffalo drinks; in a rose bush, which Buffalo can not tear to pieces. Coyote asks for peace and offers to smoke with Buffalo. Buffalo says that he lights his pipe by holding it up to the sun. Buffalo's wife had been taken away by other Buffaloes, and he 14 had been killed. Coyote sharpens Buffalo's horns, and the two set out to recover Buffalo's wives. They overcome the other Buffaloes, and Coyote receives the larger Buffalo Cow, which is to be his wife. He sends her ahead, and tries to shoot her in a valley. The arrow does not enter her body. Finally he kills her. After butchering 15 her, he sits on a stone. Wolf comes and eats the Buffalo, and Coyote is unable to get up until the meat has been eaten.2 He pounds the bones and tries to extract the marrow. A bird tells him that he must not pound them,3 that Badger is to do so. While Badger is pounding, Coyote is asked to take hold of Badger's tail. The marrow is put into a bladder. Badger runs away, eats it, and throws back the empty bladder. Coyote intends to break the remaining bones, and is told by a bird that the bird will do it. Coyote is sent away and told to return when he sees smoke. 16 When he returns, the birds have flown away with what remains of the Buffalo, Second Version.-Coyote finds the head of a Buffalo Bull,1 passes it three times, and 61 breaks it with a stone. He covers a flat rock with his blanket, and lies down singing. He hears Buffalo coming in pursuit. He runs away. When he is tired, he calls on his manitous. The first one has the form of a stump, in which Coyote hides. Buffalo breaks it in two. The next one is a stone, which Buffalo also breaks in two. The third one is a bush, which Buffalo can not tear. They make peace and smoke together. 63 Coyote institutes the peace pipe. Buffalo tells Coyote that other Buffaloes took away his two wives and killed him. Coyote sharpens Buffalo's horns, and they overcome the other Buffaloes and take back the two wives. Buffalo gives to Coyote one of his wives, which Coyote selects because she is not as strong as the other one. Coyote sends his Buffalo wife ahead and kills her. He sits down on a stone and cries for the 65 wife whom he has killed. Wolves come and eat the Cow, while Coyote is unable to get up.2 After the Wolves have disappeared, the stone lets him go. He is about to break the bones to extract the marrow, when Badger forbids him to break the bones, and offers to break them himself. Coyote holds on to Badger's tail while Badger is pounding the bones. Badger puts the marrow into the bladder and runs away with the marrow, eating it. He throws back the bladder. Coyote intends to pound the remaining bones. Two birds forbid him to do so, and tell him that they themselves will pound them. Coyote is sent to make a spoon. When he comes back, the birds fly away with the chopped bone. 13. COYOTE AND BUTTERFLY (No. 17).-Coyote hears Butterfly singing. (The story 16 is unintelligible.) 14. COYOTE AND GROUSE 4 (No. 8).-While Grouse and husband are away, Coyote 17 enters the tent, puts their children into a bag, and carries them away. The children break the bag and escape. 1 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:122). Nez Pered (Spinden MAFLS 11:190). Okanagon (Teit MAFLS 11:76). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:276 [first part only]). Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 6). Thompson (Teit JE 8:208; M AFLS 11:32). See Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:29). 2 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 9:108, 112). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:633 [here it is merely said that Coyote is too lazy to rise], 741). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:7). 3 See Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:104). 4 Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:102). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:458). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:258,259, 261). 296 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 17 15. COYOTE AND STAR (No. 9).-(Unintelligible.) 18 16. COYOTE AND THE WOMAN1 (No. 10).-A woman sees Coyote coming. She is afraid and lies down, pretending to be dead. Coyote comes up to examine her, and thinks she has been dead for a long time. 19 17. COYOTE AND THE MANITOU WITH THE tIAT 2 (No. 11).-Coyote meets a manitou whose hat is made of fat. He eats of it and hurts the manitou. 19 18. COYOTE AND THE DUCKS (3 versions: Nos. 12, 59, and VAEU 23:167). First Version.-Coyote and his two children reach a lake on which there are many ducks. He tells his children to wail for his brother-in-law. A Mallard Duck comes ashore to hear what is going on. The others follow, and Coyote pulls out their feathers.3 161 Second Version.-Coyote tells his son to wail for his brother-in-law. The Ducks 163 hear him. One comes ashore, and says that he wants to play with them. They go from one lake to an adjoining one. The Ducks fly; Coyote and his son walk. Coyote stretches a net across the connecting river and induces the Ducks to swim. Then he catches them, takes them home, and dries them. The surviving Ducks 165 discover what he is doing and fly away. Lynx steals Coyote's ducks, and pulls his face and his tail long. When Coyote discovers this, and when he overtakes Lynx while asleep, he takes back the ducks and pushes in his tail and face.4 Third Version.-In this version the tale forms an incident of the tale of Coyote and Dog. (See p. 299.) 20 19. COYOTE AND OwL5 (3 versions: Nos. 13, 24, and 36). First Version.-Owl carries away crying children. Coyote pretends to be a child and cries. Owl asks for the child. He is put into the birch-bark basket of Owl, who carries him home. The children dance in Owl's tent. Coyote closes Owl's eyes with gum, and throws him into the fire. The children return. 1 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:116, 204). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:35; de Josselin de Jong VKAWA 14:18). Crow (Simms FM 2:284). 2 Blackfoot (de Josselin de Jong VKAWA 14:72; UThlcnbcck VKAWA 13:177). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:100). Crow (Simms FM 2:285). Hupa (Goddard UCal 1:167). 3 See p. 290, note 4. 4 Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:176). Chippewayan (Lofthouse, Transactions Canadian Institute 10:44). Nez Perc6 (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:140, 142). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:276). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:678). Sia (Stevenson RBAE 11:148). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:38; JE 8:216). Tillamook (Boas JAFL 11:142). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:301). 5 Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:239 [Big Owl]). Bellabella (Boas, Sagen 241). Bellacoola (Boas, Sagen 249). Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:36). Chinook (BBAE 20:110). Comox (Boas, Sagen 89). Cowichan (Boas, Sagen 49). Fraser Delta (Hill-Tout JAT 34:347). Hopi (Voth FM 8:173). Kato (Goddard UCal 5:236). Kutenai (Int. Congr. of Anth., Chicago, 1894, 283, 284; E. F. Wilson, Our Forest Children, 1890, 3:166). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:314). Miemac (Rand 183). Nez Perce (MAFLS 11: Mayer-Farrand 176; Spinden 192). Osage (Dorsey FM 7:41). Rivers Inlet (Boas, Sagen 224). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:288). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:698). Squamish (Boas, Sagen 57; Iill-Tout BAAS 70:545). StsES'lis (IIill-Tout JAI 34:347) Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:63; 11:26; JE 8:265). Ute (Powell RBAE 1:45). ro.AsI KUTENAI TALES 297 Second Version.-Owl carries the children away in a bark basket, the inside of which 37 is set with awls. Coyote pretends to be a child, and is carried away by an Owl. He sends the children to get gum. Owl dances; and when he gets hot, Coyote gums up 38 his eyes and burns him. The ashes are transformed into owls. Third Version.-Coyote transforms himself into a child. When he cries, he is 51 thrown out of the tent, and Owl carries him along. He induces Owl to dance, and kills him. 20. COYOTE AND TROUT (No. 25).-In winter Coyote meets a Trout Woman, marries 38 her, and follows her into the water, which they reach by jumping into a water hole. The Trout goes to a place where people are fishing, saying that there is much food there. Coyote breaks the hook. The people make a large hook, by means of which 39 they pull him out of the water. When he is all out, the people club him. He shouts, saying that he is not a trout, but Coyote. He resumes his former shape. 21." COYOTE AND CARIBOU (No. 35).-Caribou grows fat by eating young grass. When 51 he is fat, Coyote kills him and then mourns for him. 22. COYOTE AND DEER (No. 37).-Coyote intends to kill Deer, and in pursuing him 51 is frightened by the wind. He kills Deer, who is holding his own head. He asks whether he is holding Deer's father's war bonnet. The story is not by any means clear. 23. COYOTE'S CONTESTS 1 (No. 49).-The people of several towns have killed 69 Coyote's relatives. Coyote asks Woodpecker, Flicker, Hawk, Chicken Hawk, and 71 1 The following are parallels of similar matches: Climbing: Chinook (BBAE 20:57). Coos (Frachtenberg CU 1:91). Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:148). Nez Perc6 (Spinden MAFLS 11:194). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:103). Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 2; Teit JE 2:645). Wishram (PAES 2:87). Diving: Alsea (personal communication from L. J. Frachtenberg). Chinook (BBAE 20:57). Comox (Boas, Sagen 79). Nez Perce (Spinden MAFLS 11:194). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:228). Quinault,(Farrand JE 2:103). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:277). Shooting: Chinook (Boas, BBAE 20:58). Kathlamet (Boas, BBAE 26:67). Nootka (Boas, Sagen 107). Tlingit (Boas, Sagen 319). Wrestling: Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:277). Wishram (Sapir PAES 2:89). See also Kathlamet (Boas, BBAE 26:138); Thompson (Teit JE 8:244, 245, 340; MAFLS 6:67); Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:319). Eating: Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:148). Shoshoni (Lowie Pa AM 2:277). Sweat house: See Boas, RBAE 31:807, 808; also Yana (Sapir UCal 9:69, smoke test). Waking: Kathlamet (Boas BBAE 26:115); Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:149); Quinault (Farrand JE 2:104) Harpooning: Chinook (Boas BBAE 20:33, 58). Tillamook (Boas JAFL 11:25). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:71). Gambling: Chinook (Boas BBAE 20:34). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:113). Tillamook (Boas JAFL 11:31). Wishram (Sapir PAES 2:81, 85). See also Boas RBAE 31:812; Yana (SapirUCal 9:69 et seq.); Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:148 et seq.). 298 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 Bluejay to accompany him and to have contests with these people. In the first town they have a diving-contest, in which Duck is matched against Beaver. According to Coyote's instruction, Duck hides under a canoe and breathes through a knot hole. After Beaver has come up, Duck comes up too. In the second town they have a wrestling-match. Flicker wrestles with Kneecap and is almost defeated. Hawk sends his supernatural power to help Flicker. When Kneecap is almost overcome, 73 Flicker finishes the contest alone. In a third town they have an eating-match, which is won by Bluejay. Then Coyote and his friends begin to quarrel, each wanting to go to a different place. Coyote wants to go to swamps, Duck to lakes, Flicker to dry trees, Woodpecker to thick woods, Hawk to scattered trees. They separate accordingly. 127 24. COYOTE AND DOG (2 versions: No. 56 and VAEU 23:167).-Coyote's wife, Dog, and her two children, cut fuel. When the tree falls, a deer jumps out, wh;ch Dog holds. The children call Coyote to kill it. When they call him, he spills the rose hips on which they are living, makes a bow, and goes to shoot the deer. He tramps 129 down the snow and tells Dog to let go of the deer. His first arrow passes over the deer, which breaks through the snow. The second one passes under it. The deer escapes. Coyote travels along on his snowshoes, and finds that they are full of shrews, which he roasts. Dog is carrying her daughter on her back. She sees the fire, and 131 thinks that Coyote has killed the deer. Dog and her daughter leave Coyote and his son. Coyote reaches a lake and catches young beavers, which he ties to his son as ear ornaments. While he is away, the beavers revive, and drag the boy into the water. 133 Coyote returns to save the boy, and kills the beavers. He gives the beaver fat to his son, while he eats the meat, but afterwards he exchanges meat and fat. Coyote plays sliding down a hill. While he is doing so, his son freezes to death.' On going on, he 135 comes to a town in which he finds a woman and her child. The child knows his thoughts. He discovers that the child is his grandson. He rejoins his wife, the Dog. When the hunters return in the evening with venison, Coyote enters the tent; but 137 they pretend not to see him, and soil his blanket. When he returns, his wife tells him that only hunters are allowed to take part in the evening meal. On the following day he joins them, and says he will kill two bucks and a grizzly bear with seven young ones. When they are out, Coyote sits down at the head of the line of hunters. The people claim that this is improper, because he has not obtained any game. The chief of the hunters, Sun, carries pitchwood for starting a fire. Coyote puts flicker feathers in his moccasin, and when he runs fire starts. He surrounds the deer with 139 fire and kills them. The hunters say that every hunter must carry his own game. Coyote calls his manitous, who tell him that the hunters blow on their game to make it small. He does the same, and carries home seven bears and two bucks. When he kicks the game into the tent, it assumes its natural size. In the evening he does not join tne feasters until his wife tells him that he may go. In the Sun's tent he sees a shield (drying-frame?), which he steals. After walking a long distance, he lies down 141 to sleep, and on the following morning finds that he is back in the Sun's tent. This is repeated until the Sun tells him that he must walk a whole day and a whole night before lying down.2 (167) Second Version (VAEU 23).-Coyote's wife, Dog, goes gathering wood and catches a deer. She sends her daughter to Coyote to kill it. Coyote has no arrows, and makes two. He travels slowly because the snow is deep. He tells his wife to let go of the (168) deer. He misses it. He tells his wife that they will pursue the deer, and asks her to follow. The woman packs up the tent and follows. Coyote feels that his snowshoes are heavy, and finds that they are full of mice, which he fries. He gives one S Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:191). 2 For the attempted theft see: Nez Perce (MAFLS 11; Mayer-Farrand 173; Spinden 186). Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:144). BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 299 pile to his wife and daughter, and keeps another for himself and son. The dog and her daughter desert him. She goes to the Sun, who marries the daughter. Coyote consoles his son, saying that Dog will come back when she has nothing to eat. He catches beavers, and uses two young beavers as ear ornaments for his son. He goes to get wood. The beavers revive and pull the boy into the water. Coyote rescues him. He goes with his son to a place where two lakes are, connected by a small river. He cries, sitting on the shore of the lake. The Ducks ask him why he is crying. The Ducks offer to play with him. They dive and fly from one lake to the other. In this game Coyote is almost drowned. In order to take revenge, he splits a tree and spreads it. Thus he places it in the river. He tells the ducks to swim from one river to the other, and every day a few are caught in the trap.' Coyote takes them to his tent and singes off the feathers. Lynx smells the burning feathers, causes Coyote to sleep, steals the ducks, and pulls out the nose and legs of Coyote and of his son, In return Coyote and his son kick in Lynx's face and break his tail.2 Lynx is frightened and runs away. Coyote goes to search for his wife, and finds her in the Sun's house. His daughter is holding an ugly child, which hears his thoughts when he thinks that the child is ugly. He wishes to kick the child. The child moves, and thus produces a gale, which starts their fire. The hunters come back, and all the women must leave before they begin to aat. Coyote is also sent away because he has not been out hunting. When he does not go, the hunters soil his blanket and do not give him anything to eat. The woman feeds him. Sun is blind. Wolf tries to restore her eyesight, and after four attempts he succeeds. On the following day Coyote joins the hunters, who go out carrying torches. Coyote does not carry any fire. When he puts feathers into his snowshoes, he produces fire with every step. The chief tests the running-powers of men by letting two run in a circle in opposite directions. Coyote. kills seven grizzly bears and two deer. The hunters shake the game in order to make it small, and leave him. Coyote learns from his dung advisers what to do with the (170) animals. He blows on them, and they shrink. He puts them into his belt and runs home. He is allowed to eat with the hunters. One day he leaves in order to visit his son. He steals the Sun's torch. After walking some distance, he lies down to sleep; and when he awakes, he finds he is back in the Sun's house. After this has happened three times, the Sun tells him that he must run for three days and three nights without stopping, and then the Sun will not return to him. 25. COYOTE AND FOX 3 (No. 58).-Coyote and Fox send their sons to obtain super- 143 natural power. Coyote's son returns soon; Fox's son stays away the whole night. 145 The one receives as his power moonlight; the other, darkness.4 The two boys go to a village in which the people play with a hoop. Young Coyote wants to steal it; Young Fox wants to wait until morning. When Young Fox is ready to start, Young Coyote is asleep. The hoop is in a tent in which two people stand watching the doorway, each holding a hammer.5 The two pass, take the hoop, which touches the doorway a little and makes a sound. The two old people awake and call the other 147 people, who pursue the boys. Young Coyote carries the hoop. When he becomes tired, he gives it to Young Fox. - Young Coyote is caught, and the people say they will not kill him. Young Fox rolls the hoop ahead and sings, saying that Young Coyote has been killed. Old Coyote understands that Young Fox has been killed. The hoop rolls into the tent, and falls down where Coyote is sitting. Then he knows 149 that his own son has been captured. Old Coyote and Fox make war on the people 1 See p. 296, No. 18. St See p. 296, footnote 4. 8 Compare the related tales: Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:231). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:642). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:32; JE 8:313; also Teit MAFLS 11:2). 4 Nez Perce (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:142). 1 See p. 304, No. 30, 300 BJUIEATJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 who have captured Young Coyote. They find the people using Young Coyote in place 151 of their hoop. Fox makes a sign to him, and Young Coyote runs away and makes his escape. Salmon hears about the hoop, and tries to win it by gambling with Coyote. Coyote and his partner Young Fox lose the hoop. Coyote sends Young Fox to Old Fox to 153 borrow his partridge tail. Fox plays with Young Coyote as partner against Salmon, and wins back what Coyote has lost. Salmon loses his daughter, who is then married to Young Coyote. The couple have a child. They travel in their canoe to the Salmon country. Fox 155 accompanies them. The woman is seated in the bow of the canoe. They reach a dangerous place. Fox, Coyote, and his son enter a bladder. Fox has his pipe1 in the hole of the bladder. The canoe upsets above the falls and sinks; but they come up unharmed below the falls, drifting down in the bladder. The same happens at another place. When they reach the Salmon country, the woman climbs a steep precipice, on which she hopes to kill Coyote and Fox. Fox throws tobacco on it, and they are able to climb it. The woman asks her elder brother to kill Fox and Coyote. He throws dog manure into the fire in order to suffocate them, but Fox saves them in his bladder.2 157 They are sent out to fish salmon during the night. Coyote stays behind in the tent, and is warned not to fall asleep, because the people will kill him. He is also told to come out if he should see a small fire, which would indicate that Fox and Coyote were fighting with the Salmon people. Two old persons stand in the doorway; and when Coyote sees the light of the canoe getting small, he rushes out. Coyote deceives the old people, who kill each other with their hammers. Coyote goes aboard the canoe. 159 The woman's brother transforms himself into a salmon. A Salmon boy, who accompanies them, moves his torch so that Fox shall not hit the salmon with his spear. The boy tells Fox to strike the salmon tail. If he should have done so, the salmon would have upset the canoe. Fox knows this, and strikes the stomach of the salmon. They cut off its head. Coyote is told not to took back. He disobeys, and the canoe can not be moved. The pursuers are satisfied when Fox throws the salmon head into 161 the water, and the canoe moves on. The people are sent to dive for the salmon head, and the one who succeeds in getting it is promised the Salmon chief's daughter.3 Turtle succeeds, and marries the girl, who refuses to talk. When he makes her laugh by tickling her, he finds that her mouth has a foul smell, and he leaves her. 165 26. COYOTE KILLS PANTHER AND LIBERATES THE SALMON (No. 60).-Coyote's wife, Dog, sends him to visit Panther. He finds him engaged in making arrows, while his 167 wife is cleaning skins. They refuse to give him food. He sends his wife, telling her that their meat is hanging close to the doorway. Panther scolds her. When she returns, Coyote makes a bow for himself and his son, and a hammer for his wife and 169 his daughter. They attack Panther, and eventually kill him and his family. They skin them and throw the bodies out of the tent. Coyote acts as Panther used to do: he calls the game, which appears, and which he shoots. Since he shoots too much, the game disappears, except two animals. The animals suffer, and say that they recognize that it is Coyote who has shot too many of them. They send Little Flathorn, who discovers the bodies of the Panthers. 171 The animals make war on Coyote. They throw stones down from the mountains. Coyote paints himself and puts on his war dress. His wife and his children are killed by the stones, and finally he himself is hit. 1 Shuswap (Teit JE 2:624). 2 See Boas RBAE 31:808; also Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:157). 8 Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:160). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:676). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:64, 11:25; JE 8:240). BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 301 He transforms himself into a plank 1 and drifts down the river. He lands at a fish trap. Two girls find him and carry him to the tent. When they put fish on the plank, it eats the fish. They recognize that he is Coyote, and throw him into the water. 173 He sees two girls picking berries, and transforms himself into an infant, which they carry home. The girls stay at home, watching the child. Coyote sees that when one of the girls stretches her hand backward, salmon fall down; and that when the other one stretches out her hands, a fawn falls down. When the berries are all eaten, they deliberate whether they may leave the child alone and tell him to put out the fire. Since he is able to do so, they go out. When the girls are gone, he discovers the salmon and fawns behind the tent. He digs a ditch to the river. On the following 175 day he completes the ditch and drives the salmon into the river. He throws the fawn into the fire and leaves it. He sets fire to the house. When the girls come back, they find the salmon gone. They think that the bones in the fireplace are those of the child. Finally they recognize that they have been fooled by Coyote, and ask him to leave some food. He shakes his blanket, and a few of the salmon turn back. He meets Wolverene, who is fishing. Wolverene's sister announces his arrival; and Wolverene says that the visitor is Coyote, and asks her not to look at him. For this reason Coyote does not give them salmon. He meets Sparrow, who is fishing. 177 When his arrival is announced, Sparrow accepts him, and his daughter marries him. Therefore he leaves salmon there. On the following morning he tells the salmon to go into the fish trap, first one, then two, then three, and finally many. Coyote leaves 179 his wife, and closes the passage between Columbia Lakes and Kootenai River. 27. ORIGIN OF THE SEASONS 2 (No. 61).-Coyote goes to Squirrel to ask for food. She has no more, and tells him that spring is still far away. He tells her what to do. 181 Squirrel cries, and says there will be no food until spring. The seasons are kept in another town; and after twelve months of winter, the owners untie the bag containing spring, summer, and fall. The people start to steal the summer season. They go to a town in the sky, and Lynx is sent ahead to enter the tent. The people are placed outside at intervals, the strongest one farthest away from the tent.3 The Lynx boy goes into the tent, and two old women tell him where the springtime is hanging. He heats some gum by the fire; and when it is melted, he sticks it on the mouths of the old women. Then he takes down the bag containing the spring. The women can not speak, but finally the people discover that the bag containing the spring is being I For the second part see: Coeur d'Alene (Teit MAFLS 11:121). Flathead (Wilson, Trans. Ethn. Soc. of London. 1866, 4:313). Hupa (Goddard UCal 1:124). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:303). Nez Percd (Spinden JAFL 21:15; Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:139). Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:146; Teit MAFLS 11:67, 70). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:101). Seshelt (Hill-Tout JAI 34:43). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:275, 278). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:629, 741). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:27, 28; 11:7; JE 8:205, 301; Hill-Tout BAAS 1899:559; FL 10:207; Boas, Sagen 18). Wishram (Sapir PAES 2:3). Also Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:61, 108). 2 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:101). Chippewayan(Petitot 373; amuch-distorted version, Lofthouse, Transactions Canadian Institute 10:43). Crow (Simms FM 2:283). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:65). Ojibwa (Carson JAFL 30:492; Jones PAES 7, pt. 2, 469). Shoshoni (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:279). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:624; see also 671). Slavey (Bell JAFL 14:26). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:3). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:211). See also Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:25). 8 Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:443). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:245). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:33, 11:2). 302 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 carried away. The animals throw it from one to another, and at last to the grizzly bear, who tears the bag; then the heat comes out, and the snow melts. 183 28. COYOTE JUGGLES WITH HIS EYES1 (No. 62).-Coyote sees a man, Snipe, who takes his eyes out of their sockets and throws them up. Then they fall back. Coyote steals the eyes. He puts his fingers into the eyes of Snipe, who finally catches him, 185 tears out Coyote's eyes, puts them into his own eye sockets, and takes Coyote's eyes to his tent. Coyote finds some gum and puts it into his orbits; but when it is hot, the gum melts. He puts some foam into his orbits; it bursts, and he is blind again. He picks huckleberries, which he uses for eyes. Then he meets two children who are picking huckleberries, takes out the eyes of one of them, and uses them for his own On his way to the town he hears that the people are using Coyote's eyes to obtain good luck. He kills the old woman who gives him this information, shakes her body 187 out of her skin, and assumes her shape.2 When the granddaughters of the old woman come, he asks them to take him to the place where the people are playing with Coyote's eyes. Then he dances, and during the dance he takes away the eyes. 189 29. COYOTE AND DEER3 (No. 63).-The deer kills the people. Coyote resolves to pull out its teeth. When the deer gets his scent, it pursues him. Coyote catches 1 Apache, Jicarilla (Mooney AA 11:197). Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:52). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:117). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 29; Grinnell, Lodge Tales 153; Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:195). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:103). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:168). Comanche (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:278). Cree (Russell, Expl. in Far North 215). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:70). Hopi (Voth FM 8:194). Navaho (Matthews MAFLS 5:90). Nez Percd (Spinden JAFL 21:19; Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:155). Shoshoni (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:269; PaAM 2:272). Shuswap (Boas, Sagen 7; Teit JE 2:632). Sia (Stevenson RBAE 11:153). Thompson (Teit JE 8:212). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:315). Zufi (Cushing, Folk Tales 262, 268; Handy JAFL 31). 2Alsea (personal communication from L. J. Frachtenberg). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:147, 157). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:152). Chippewayan (Lofthouse Transactions Canadian Institute 10:44). Chukchee (Bogoras JE 8:45). Coos (Frachtenberg CU 1:151, [169]). Cree (John McLean, Canadian Savage Folk, 74). Eskimo (Boas BAM 15:185). Fox (Jones PAES 1:355). Haida (Swanton BBAE 29:110, 118, 136, 160). Menominee (Hoffman 133). Nez Percd (Spinden JAFL 21:211; Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:156, 173). Ojibwa (Jones PAES 7:147, 263, 401; Schoolcraft, Hiawatha 40; de Josselin de Jong BArch S 5:14; Speck GSCan 71:34). Omaha (Dorsey CNAE 6:241). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:170, 442, 506; see also MAFLS 8:250). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:241, 243, 260). Shuswap (Teit'JE 2:676, 694). StsEl'lis (Hill-Tout JAI 34:349). Takelma (Sapir UPenn 161). Thompson (Teit JE 8:[213], 239, 242, 266, 309; MAFLS 6:63). Tillamook (Boas JAFL 11:137). Wishram (Sapir PAES 2:111). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:158, 216; Curtin, Creation Myths, 318, 359). Zufii (Cushing, Folk Tales 461). 8 Blackfoot (Grinnell, Lodge Tales 140). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:50). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:161). Menominee (Skinner PaAM 13:411). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:67). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:653). Tahltan (Teit MS). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:3). BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 303 the deer and pulls out its teeth and makes a tail of grass for it. He tells the deer to snort when it sees people. He kills two deer and comes to the town, and people are scared when they see him carrying the deer. 30. RAVEN (No. 65).-A chief wishes that everybody shall die twice. Everybody 213 agrees except Raven, who wants to eat the eyes of corpses. His decision is accepted. The people kill Raven's two children, and he wishes in vain to have the previous decision reversed.1 Ant tightens his belt in order to bury the dead. For that reason the ant has a narrow waist.2 Raven is hungry and hides the buffalo.3 The people are starving. They ask 215 Beaver to pretend to be dead. Raven appears and wants to eat Beaver's eyes. Beaver holds him, and the people capture him. Raven is taken into the tent where the people are assembled. Coyote sits on top of the smoke hole. Raven refuses to tell where he has hidden the game. Finally he shouts and frightens Coyote, who falls down. Then Raven flies away through the smoke hole. Magpie has good eyes, and sees in what direction Raven is flying. This makes Coyote angry, and he throws dust 1 Apache, Jicarilla (Goddard PaAM 8:194; Russell JAFL 11:258). Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:17, 81). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:104). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:20, 21; de Josselin de Jong VKAWA 14:29; Grinnell, Lodge Tales 138, 272). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:14, 15). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:161). Coeur d'Alene (Teit MAFLS 11:125). Comanche (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:279). Coos (Frachtenberg CU 1:43; also 4:41). Dieguefio (Du Bois JAFL 14:183). Dog-Rib (Sir John Franklin, Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea [London, 1828), p. 293). Eskimo (David Crantz, Historie von Grinland 262). Hare (Petitot 115). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:444). Klamath (Gatschet CNAE 2:103). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:356). Maidu (Dixon BAM 17:43, 46, 47; PAES 4:29, 51; Merriam 55). Miwok (Merriam 55, 132). Navaho (MAFLS 5:77). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:44, MAFLS 8:17). Pomo (Merriam 213). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:111). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:106). Shasta (Dixon JAFL 23:19; Frachtenberg-Farrand JAFL 28:209). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:239). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:746). Tahltan (Teit MS). Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:99). Thompson (Teit JE 8:329, 330; Teit MAFLS 11:1). Ute (Powell RBAE 1:45). Wintun (Curtin, Creation Myths, 163, 174). Wishosk (Kroeber JAFL 18:96, 99). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:91). See also Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:134, 146). 2 Thompson (Teit MAPLS 6:25). a Apache, Jicarilla (Goddard PaAM 8:212; Russell JAFL 11:259). Arapaho (FM 5:275). Beaver (Goddard PaAM 10:250). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:50; Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:164; Grinnell, Lodge Tales 145). Chippewayan (Petitot 379; Lowie PaAM 10:184). Comanche (Lowie-St. Clair JAFL 22:280). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:65). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:441). Nez Perce (Mayer-Farrand MAFLS 11:162). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:43). Thompson (Teit JE 8:241). See also Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:10). 304 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 217 into Magpie's eyes. Therefore magpies' eyes water. The people send Jack Rabbit (Dog?) and Hare to look for game. They reach a tent inhabited by two old women. They see the tracks of buffaloes. The one transforms herself into a pup; the other one, into a stone. The dog lies down near a water hole. One of the old women wants to throw the pup into the water; the other one pities the pup and takes it home. The other woman takes the stone home in order to use it as an anvil. A bladder and a bunch of claws are hanging in the doorway. When the buffaloes come in, these two give notice by their noise. At night the one boy breaks the bladder with a stick; the other one steals the claws. When the boys are some distance away, they shake the 219 claws and sing, calling the buffaloes. The game runs out of the tent. The women find that the bladder is broken and the rattle taken away. The women with lifted hammers stand by the side of the trail of the game. The two youths hang on with their teeth to the testicles of a buffalo bull. The women strike it, and make its sidesflat. All the pemmican in the house rolls out. Thus the game is secured by the people. 41 31. THE DELUGE (2 versions: Nos. 27 and 66). First Version.-Chicken Hawk's wife picks huckleberries. A sea monster abducts her.' Chicken Hawk shoots the monster, which drinks all the water.2 When Chicken Hawk pulls out his arrow, the water streams out,3 and there is a deluge. Chicken Hawk takes off his tail and puts it up, saying that if the water rises higher than the stripes on his tail the people will die. The water stops before reaching the last stripe, and then goes down again.4 219 Second Version.-Chicken Hawk's wife, Grouse, picks huckleberries. When swim221 ming in a lake, the water monster threatens to kill her. She pours the huckleberries into its mouth. When she goes home, she pretends to have been unable to pick huckleberries because she felt ill. When she goes out again, she meets the sea monster, who becomes her lover. When going home, she pretends to be sick. Finally Chicken 223 Hawk goes out to watch her. He sees her with the sea monster. When his wife comes home, he tells her that the huckleberries are bad, and asks her to wash them. On the following day Chicken Hawk follows her, and shoots the water monster with one of his two arrows. With the other one he shoots his wife, whom he transforms into a grouse. The water monster goes back into the lake and drinks lake and rivers. 225 Then he dies. The people almost die of thirst. Chicken Hawk pulls out the arrow, and the people are able to drink again. The water rises, and the people climb the mountains. He places his tail upright, and says that if the water should pass the third stripe of the tail the world would come to an end. The water stops rising before reaching the last stripe, and goes down again. 1Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:177). Bellacoola (Boas, Sagen 247). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:66). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:184,. Chippewayan (Petitot 407; Lowie PaA M 1:187). Chukchee (Bogoras JE 8:26). Cree (Russell, Expl. in Far North 202). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:334). Ojibwa (Jones JAFL 29:379, 387; Schoolcraft, Hiawatha 265). Passamaquoddy (Leland 273). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:724, 725). Sioux (Wissler JAFL 20:195). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:83; JE 8:372). Ts!Ets!a'ut (Boas JAFL 9:259). Tungus (A. Schiefner, Baron Gerhard von Maydoll's Tungusische Sprachproben [Mdlanges asiatiques tires du Bulletin de l'acad6mie impdriale des sciences St. Petersburg, 7:349]). Yana (distantly related) (Sapir UCal 9:156). 2 Chilula (Goddard UCal 10:361). Huron (Hale JAFL 1:181). Luisefio (Du Bois UCal 8:156). Micmac (Speck JAFL 28:62 [frog keeps water in bladders]). 3 Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:439). 4 A Beaver story (Goddard PaAM 10:237) may refer to a similar deluge. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 305 32. CHICKADEE AND ELK ' (No. 14).-Chickadee wishes to cross a river, and asks 21 Elk to take him across. While Elk is carrying him, Chickadee kills him. 33. FROG AND PARTRIDGE (No. 15).-Frog Woman marries Partridge. After a while Partridge finds his first wife, and they go back to their children. 34. BEAVER AND TURTLE 2 (No. 16).-Turtle goes after the head of a chief while 22 he is asleep. He is captured the next morning. The people threaten to cut off his head: Turtle says he does not fear a knife. They threaten to shoot him: he says he does not fear a bow. They threaten to chop him up: he says he does not fear an ax. 23 They threaten to drown him, and he asks them not to do it. When he is thrown into the water, he swims away, shaking the head of the chief. The people try to pursue him; but Beaver gnaws through their bows, and the pursuers go back. 35. SKUNK AND PANTHER 3 (3 versions: Nos. 17, 26, and 34). First Version.- 23 Panther sees Skunk coming, and pretends to be dead. Skunk carries him on his back. Skunk puts Panther down and covers him with his bucket, which Panther breaks. When Skunk comes-back, he sees Panther's tracks. Panther climbs a tree. Skunk SApache, Jicarilla-(Goddard PaAM 8:228; Russell JAFL 11:263). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:202). Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:40). Nez Percd (Spinden JAFL 21:21). Okanagon (Gatschet, Globus 52:137). Osage (Dorsey FM 7:15, 16). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:453). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:107). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:267). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:751). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:76). Ute (Kroeber JAFL 14:270). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:316). Wichita (Dorsey CI 21:271). Zufii (Cushing, Folk Tales 243). See also Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:99); Maidu (Dixon BAM 17:83). 2Biloxi (J. 0. Dorsey JAFL 6:49). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:160). Cherokee (Mooney RBAE 19:278). Cheyenne (Kroeber JAFL 13:189). Dakota (Wissler JAFL 20:126). Hopi (Voth FM 8:182). Kickapoo (Jones PAES 9:39). Laguna (Parsons Pueblo-Indian Folk-Tales, No. X, JAFL 31). Menominee (Skinner PaAM 13:392). Micmac and Passamaquoddy (Leland 56). Natchez (Swanton JAFL 26:193). Ojibwa (Jones JAFL 29:368; PAES 7 [pt. 2]: 117, 343; Radin GSCan 48:61). Okanagon (Gatschet, Globus 52:138). Osage (Dorsey FM 7:16). Pawnee (Dorsey MAFLS 8:275; CI 59:469). Ponca (Dorsey CNAE 6:275; JAFL 1:207). See also Celebes (Revue des traditions populaires 14: 547); Philippine I. (Bayliss JAFL 21:47); Visayan (Millington and Maxfield JAFL 20:316); Ceylon (Jitaka No. 543, ed. Fausb6ll, 6.161, 12); Burmah (Journal Royal Asiatic Society n. s. 24); China (Stanislas Julien, Les AvadAnas 1.201); Angola (Chatelain MAFLS 1:154; A. Seidel, Geschichten und Lieder der Afrikaner 153); North American negroes (Harris, Uncle Remus 53; Parsons JAFL 30:171, 181, 225, where other references to American negro versions will be found). Compare the corresponding tale of the crayfish (Schildbiirgerbuch, edited by Bobertag 41) and of Brer Rabbit (JAFL 1:148; Harris, Uncle Remus 25; Fortier MAFLS 2:35; Parsons MAFLS 13:15); Brazil (Herbert Smith, Brazil, The Amazons and the Coast 551). (Quoted after Dihnhardt, Natursagen4:44.) See also Chinook (Boas BBAE 20:121); Quinault (Farrand JE 2:91); Snohomish (Haeberlin, personal information). 8 Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:148). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:106). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:271). 855430-Bull. 59-18-- 20 306 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 sees Panther's reflection in the water.1 lie tries to hit him in the water with his fluid. When he is unable to do so, he lies down and sees Panther in the tree. He turns to shoot him; but Panther kills him with his arrow, which he points with his claw.. 41 Second Version.-Panther sees Skunk coming, and pretends to be dead. Skunk puts him into a bucket and carries him along. Skunk says he is afraid only of whistling. Somebody whistles. Skunk is scared, puts down Panther, who breaks the bucket. Skunk finds Panther's tracks. Panther climbs a tree. When Skunk drinks, he sees Panther's reflection, and tries to kill him in the water by means of his fluid. When he is tired, he lies down and sees Panther in the tree. He shoots him and kills him. 48 Third Version.-Skunk finds Fox, whom he puts into a pot. IHe says that he is afraid of whistling. Somebody whistles. Skunk runs away. Fox breaks the pot and escapes. Skunk pursues Fox, who hides in a tree. Skunk sees Fox's refledtion in the water,2 and tries to kill him. When Skunk is tired, Fox shoots him. 43 36. CHICKEN HAWK AND TOAD (No. 28).-(This story is almost unintelligible.) Chicken Hawk and Blue Hawk are hunters. Toad and Golden Eagle (?) marry them. Chicken Hawk kills Toad. Toad's parents find her, and try to kill Chicken Hawk. They capture him and put him over the fire. Blue Hawk knows what is happening to his brother, and rescues him. 46 37. CHIPMUNK AND OWL 3 (2 versions: Nos. 32 and 46). First Version.-Frog is the grandmother of Chipmunk. She sends her to the river, where she gathers rose hips. She meets Owl, who pretends that Chipmunk's mother wishes her to accompany Owl. Chipmunk asks Owl to cover his eyes, and runs away. She runs back to her grandmother, and asks her to hide her. Frog puts her into a kettle of soup, in which Chipmunk is drowned. 59 Second Version.-Frog warns her granddaughter, Chipmunk, not to go to the river. She disobeys, and meets Owl, who tries to seduce her by saying that her relatives want her to accompany him. She always replies that the particular relative is dead, Chipmunk asks Owl to cover his eyes, and escapes. Owl just succeeds in scratching Chipmunk's back. Chipmunk asks her grandmother to hide her. When she puts her into a basket, Chipmunk makes a noise. When she puts her into her mouth, she can not hold her. She puts her into a kettle with soup. Owl arrives. Frog says that she has not seen Chipmunk. Owl asks for a drink, discovers the soup, drinks it, and 61 finds Chipmunk in the bottom. He kills her. Frog washes the bones of Chipmunk, and revives her. 25 38. MosQuITo 4 (No. 18).-Mosquito is invited to eat choke cherries and service berries, but declines. He is offered blood, and drinks a great deal. He is killed, and small mosquitoes fly out of his body. 1 Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:109). Bellacoola (Boas, Sagen 253; JE 1:84). Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 12:64; Wissler PaAM 2:29; Grinnell, Lodge Tales 157). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:97). Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:28). Comox (Boas, Sagen 66, 80). Haida (Swanton BBAE 29:329; JE 5:265). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:433). Kwakiutl (Boas, Sagen 168; Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1895:373). Nootka (Boas, Sagen 114). Ojibwa (Jones PAES 7:117, 179). Osage (Dorsey FM 7:17). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:100, 123). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:753). Tahltan (Teit MS). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:45). Tsimshian (Boas RBAE 31:741). See also Dahnhardt, Natursagen 4:230; Pochutla, M6xico (Boas JAFL 25:206); Chatino, M6xico. (Boas JAFL 25:237); Bahama Islands (Parsons MAFLS 13:106). 2 See note 1, above. 3 Okanagon (Hill-Tout JAI 41:143); Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:105). 4 Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:311). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:709). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:56; JE 2:229, 335). BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 307 39. RACE OF FROG AND ANTELOPE 1 (2 versions: Nos. 29 and 69). First Version.- 43 Frog and his friends go to Antelope's tent in order to play. They stake their clothing. Frog makes his people lie down along the race course. When Antelope is running, one Frog after another appears ahead of him. Second Version.-Chief Frog goes with his people to Fish Hawk Nest, the town of 245 Antelope, in order to race with him. They stake their property. The men and women Frogs lie down along the race track. Frog stakes his blue clothing. Antelope 247 laughs at Frog. In the beginning Antelope does not run fast; but when he finds that Frogs are always ahead of him, he runs faster and faster until he is exhausted. 40. THE TWO TSA'KAP (No. 31).-There area brother and sister Tsa'kap. The boy 45 bathes in a lake, and is swallowed by a charr. His sister catches the charr on the hook, and cuts it open. The brother speaks inside, and comes out.2 Theygo back to their tent. The sister warns him not to shoot a squirrel. He disobeys. When he shoots, his arrow falls down in a tent, in which he finds a woman, who compels him to undergo a swinging-contest. When the Tsa'kap swings, the rope does not break. When the woman swings, it breaks and she is killed.3 The sister warns him not to go in a certain direction. He disobeys, and kills a beaver. The supernatural people say that he stole it from them. He returns home and asks his sister for their father. The sister first prevaricates, and then tells him that their father has been killed by a 47 grizzly bear. The brother goes to kill the grizzly bear. He shows his strength by shooting at a tree, which falls over. He kills the grizzly bear with his arrow, skins it, and takes his father's scalp. He returns, and he and his sister move camp. 41. THE MINK (VAEU 23).-Mink has three brothers. He is the lover of the Grizzly- (170) Bear woman, and Grizzly Bear tries to kill the brothers. He gives them a basket - which he said contains berries. As soon as Bear is gone, Mink opens the basket 1 Algonquin (E. R. Young, Algonquin Indian Tales, p. 246). Apache, Jicarilla (Goddard PaAM 8:237). Arikara (Dorsey CI 17:143). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:104). Cherokee (Mooney RBAE 19:271). Cora (K. T. Preuss, Die Nayarit-Expedition, Leipzig, 1912, p. 209). Eskimo, Asiatic (Bogoras BBAE 68). Natchez (Swanton JAFL 26:202 [No. 10]). Oaxaca (P. Radin and A. Espinosa, El Folklore de Oaxaca, pp. 124, 193; Boas JAFL 25:214). Ojibwa (Radin GSCan 43, 44). Piegan (Michelson JAFL 29:409). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:111). Tarahumare (Lumholtz, Unknown Mexico, 1:302). Thompson (Teit JE 8:395; JAFL 29:326). Zufii (Cushing, Zufii Folk-Tales, p. 277). See Dihnhardt, Natursagen 4:54; Araucanian, Brazil, Cherokee, NANegro, Tupi; for North American negroes, also Parsons JAFL 39:174, 225; also Kamerun, Cross River (Alfred Mansfeld, Urwald Dokumente, Berlin, 1908, p. 224); Hottentot (Leonhard Schultze, Aus Namaland und Kalahari, Jena, 1907, p. 528); Visayan (Millington and Maxfield JAFL 20:315). 2 See discussion Boas RBAE 31:611, 659, 687, 718, 868. 3 Apache, Jicarilla (Mooney AA 11:210). Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:11). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:157). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:57). Chinook (Boas BBAE 20:21). Cree (Russell, Expl. in Far North 205). Fox (Jones PAES 1:103). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:87). Hupa (Goddard UCal 1:128 [sea-saw]). Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:370). Modoc (Curtin 154). Osage (Dorsey FM 7:26). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59:179, 474, also 235 [slide]). Ponca (Dorsey CNAE 6:161; JAFL 1:74; Am Ant 9:97). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:82). Seshelt (Hill-Tout JAI 34:49). Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:260, 262). Thompson (Teit JE 8:252). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:234 [elastic tree]). 308 BUREAU OE AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 and finds it contains bear hair with which he was to be poisoned. Bear sees this and rushes after them. He kills the brothers. Only Mink survives. Mink makes a small pit and throws something into it, which is transformed into a girl. He throws (171) her away. He repeats this experiment, and finds a boy, whom he raises. When he sees the Bear on the other side of the river, he jumps into the water. The Bear tries to get him, makes a raft, drifts down the river. Here Mink kills him. He meets Bear's brothers, transforms himself into a fly, but is seen by the Bears. Then he transforms himself into a very small fly, which the Bear swallows without noticing it. He kills the Bear with his knife.1 At Bonner's Ferry he builds a salmon weir under an overhanging rock. Every day the weirs are found empty, except that of Mink. The people see a meteor coming down, which empties the weirs. The meteor is a basket. The thieves leave the basket and carry the fish back. The animals discover that the rope by which the meteor is let down is a snake. Owl and Lynx cut the snake. They find that in the basket there are a buffalo, a mountain goat, a frog, and a turtle. These are transformed into stones. The people try to kill the frog by striking it with sticks, but they are unable to do so. For this reason the place is named Strong Belly. 225 42. WOLF (No. 67).-Wolf is married to Doe. He does not like the moccasins that 227 his wife makes, and therefore goes to,fight his brothers-in-law. The Buck hides his wife and son in a hole, and transforms himself into a deer. He goes up a mountain. The Wolves kill the people, but can not find Wolf's brother-in-law. Wolf follows the tracks of his brother-in-law; but whenever he reaches one mountain, Buck is on the following one. Finally Buck goes to his father's father, the fish K!/k!om', who is 229 smoking. The Fish throws his mittens on the Buck, and thus hides him. Wolf enters Fish's tent, but does not see his brother-in-law. He asks for him, but the Fish denies having seen him. Fish makes the figure of a deer of grass, throws it out of the smoke hole, and it becomes a deer, which stands on the other side of the river. When Wolf sees it, he swims across the river in order to get it. Then the Fish launches his 231 canoe and goes aboard with Buck. They catch up with Wolf and kill him. 43. SKUNK 2 (No. 68).-Skunk and his younger brother Fisher live in one tent; Frog and his granddaughters Chipmunk and Big Chipmunk, in another one. The Chipmunks want to get meat; and Frog sends them to Fisher, but warns them to beware of Skunk. She tells them that Fisher always gets home in the evening. The girls wait at some distance from the tent. Skunk causes his guardian spirit to pound bones in the tent, while he himself goes out dressed like Fisher. Big Chipmunk 233 insists that the person who came out is Fisher, and finally persuades her elder sister to go in with her. When Fisher comes home, he sends Skunk for water. Skunk is afraid to go far away, and goes to his own spring. Fisher sends him back to get water from his spring 3 and to bring in the game. He gives him a tump-line made of entrails.4 235 Skunk is afraid that Fisher may take the girls, but has to go. Fisher causes a gale to overtake Skunk. The tump-line breaks repeatedly, and he is almost frozen to death. Meanwhile Fisher finds the girls, and with them leaves the tent. He tells them to 1 See discussion in Boas RBAE 31:611, 659, 687, 718, 868. "2 Achomawi (Dixon JAFL 21:163). Coos (Frachtenberg-St. Clair JAFL 22:35). Kathlamet (Boas, BBAE 26:129). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:752). Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:65). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:311). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:133). See also Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:318); Shuswap (Teit JE 2:684); Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:67; JE 8:243, 345). 8 Shoshoni (Lowie PaAM 2:238, 239). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:718). 4 Lillooet (Teit JAFL 25:309). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:26; JE 8:297; Boas, Sagen 18). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:321). IBOAS] KUTENAI TALES 309 remove all the rotten bones, because one of these is Skunk's guardian. They go first to Chipmunk's hole, then to Big Chipmunk's, but both are too small. They climb a tree at the place where Fisher lives. When Skunk succeeds in getting home, he finds the tent empty, and after searching finds a single rotten bone that Big Chipmunk had left. Then he pursues the fugitives. By means of the bone, which is 237 his guardian spirit, he finds the tree. He shoots it with his fluid, and it falls.1 Fisher and his wife jump to another tree, but finally they fall down and are killed. Skunk restores the sisters, and they go to Big Chipmunk's tent. It is too small, but by shooting his fluid into it he enlarges it. They sleep in the tent. When Skunk is sound asleep, the women leave him and go to search for Fisher. They reduce the 239 size of the tent by means of their supernatural power, so that it becomes as small as before. They restore Fisher to life and move away. When Skunk is awakened; he finds himself in the narrow hole, unable to move. He succeeds in enlarging it a little by means of his fluid, and sees an opening. He pushes out his musk bag at the end of his bow; and Raven, who happens to fly by, takes it away. Skunk cuts off 241 his legs and his arms,2 and puts one part of his body after another out of the hole. When outside, he puts himself together, but parts of his entrails have been lost. He puts leaves in their place. Raven takes the musk bag to his village. He transforms it 243 into a pup, and they play with it. Skunk reaches the village and is given food, which, however, falls right through him. He goes out, and sees the children playing with the pup. He makes signs to it, and the pup runs towards him. It is retransformed into his musk bag, which he takes away.3 44. THE STAR HUSBAND 4 (No. 70).-Two girls sleep outside and see many stars. 247 One of them says that she wants to marry a small star that she sees there. When she wakes, she finds herself sitting next to an old man, who tells her that he is the star. The large stars are young men; the small stars, old ones. She goes out digging roots, 249 "-and against the commands of the people breaks the ground near a tree. She can look down, and sees her relatives walking about. She makes a rope and lets herself down. At home she tells what has happened, and on the following morning she is found dead, killed by the star. 45. THE WOMAN AND THE GIANT5 (2 versions: No. 30 and VAEU 23:171). First 43 Version.-A woman who is traveling with her child meets a Giant. The Giant asks 1 Shuswap (Teit JE 2:636). Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:53). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 6:35, 82; JE 8:208, 253). See also JAFL 25:259. 2 Takelma (Sapir UPenn 2:93). Yana (Sapir UCal 9:124). 8 See Boas RBAE 31:569, No. 38; 706. SArikara (Dorsey C 117:14). Assiniboin (Lowie PaAM 4:171). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:58; W. McClintock, The Old North Trail 491). Caddo (Dorsey CI 41:27, 29). Chilcotin (Farrand JE 2:28). Dakota (Riggs CNAE 9:90). Gros Ventre (Kroeber PaAM 1:100). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:457). Koasati (personal information from Dr. J. R. Swanton). Micmac (Rand 160, 306). Otoe (Kercheval JAFL 6:199). Pawnee (Dorsey CI 59: 56; Grinnell JAFL 2:197). Quinault (Farrand JE 2:108). Shuswap (Teit JE 2:687). Songish (Boas, Sagen 62). Tahltan (Teit MS). Thompson (Teit MAFLS 11:7). Ts'ets'aut (Boas JAFL 10:39). Wichita (Dorsey CI 21:298). See also Arapaho (Dorsey and Kroeber FM 5:321); Crow (Simms FM 2:301). 5 Sce discussion in Boas RBAE 31:762 et seq.; also Chippewayan (Lofthouse, Transactions Canadian Institute 10:50). Sanpoil (Gould MAFLS 11:105). 310 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 her how it happens that her son is so white. She tells him that she cooked him in 45 order to make him white. He asks to be treated in the same way, and is killed. (171) Second Version.-A woman has gone out berrying, and puts her child down in the grass. A giant steps up to her and asks why the child, whom he calls his brother, is so white. The woman says that this is the result of roasting. The giant asks to (172) be roasted too. The woman puts him into an oven, covers him over with stones, lights the fire, and kills him.-A giant who sits on the bank of a river is overtaken by some boys, who kill him by shooting him from behind. 83 46. THE GIANT (2 versions: Nos. 51 and 76). First Version.-Two brothers go out hunting. The elder one shoots a bighorn sheep. He starts a fire, and dries the meat over the fire. He roasts a piece of the meat, and does not like the taste. Then he cuts a piece of flesh from his body, roasts it, and likes the taste. He eats himself entirely. The younger brother goes out to search after him. He sees a fire, and hears his brother saying, "I love my brother, and it will take me two days to eat him." The transformed brother pursues him, strikes him with his intestines, and kills him. The elder brother's wife goes out to search for her husband. Something tells her to 85 put sharp stones on her clothing. She does so. The man strikes her with his intestines, but tears them. She runs home and tells the people what has happened. They move camp. The man's wife and his son alone remain. Crane stays near by. The transformed man comes. He takes the child and tears it in two. The woman offers to wash it, goes out, and runs away. She tells the people what has happened. Crane hides in a hole near a steep bank. When the man pursues his wife, he passes this place, and Crane kicks him into the water, where he is drowned. 273 Second Version.-A young man goes hunting sheep and dries the meat. Suddenly he sees two slices of meat, which he eats and which he likes. When he sits down, he feels a pain, and sees that he has eaten of his own flesh. He cuts one piece after 275 another from his body until only bones and intestines remain. After three days one of his elder brothers goes to look for him. When he finds him, the transformed brother says that he loves him, but kills and eats him. Thus he kills all his brothers. The 277 youngest one is warned by his guardian spirit. The boy makes his escape, and tells the people to leave. The hunter's wife stays behind with her son. When the man arrives, he holds his son tightly and makes him dance. The woman pretends that she wants to wash the child, and runs away. When she reaches the people, they make 279 a hole next to a cliff, and one of them kicks him ihto the water, where he is drowned. 55 47. RABBIT, COYOTE, WOLF, AND GRIZZLY BEAR (No. 45).-Rabbit runs past Coyote, 56 saying that he has been scared. Coyote follows, passes Wolf, and tells him that he has been scared. Wolf passes Grizzly Bear and scares him. They all reach a prairie, 57 where they sit down and ask one another what frightened them. One accuses the other, while Rabbit finally says that snow fell from the trees and frightened him. They laugh and separate. 26 48. LAME KNEE 1 (No. 20).-The chief orders the people to break camp in order to plant tobacco. The young men tell Lame Knee to take away the chief's wife. He 27 holds her when she comes to draw water. The chief is told that Lame Knee is holding his wife. He sends repeatedly, ordering him to let her go, but Lame Knee refuses. 28 Then the chief cuts off Lame Knee's head, which rolls away smiling. He cuts off his arms and his legs. When the people are asleep, they hear the voice of Lame Knee, who has come back to life. He kills the chief and marries his wives. 28 49. THE YOUTH WHO KILLED THE CHIEFS 2 (No. 21).-The daughter of an old man is married to a chief, who kills all her sons, while he allows her daughters to live. 29 The chief hunts buffaloes, but is stingy, and does not give any food to his parentsin-law. The woman has a son, but conceals the fact from her husband.3 When the 1 Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:143). 2 Arapaho (FM 5:298). Blackfoot (Wissler PaAM 2:53; Grinnell, Lodge Tales 29). See also Dakota (Riggs ONAE 9:101); Omaha (Dorsey CNAE 6:48). s See RBAE 31:857. BOAS] KUTJENAI TALES 311 boy grows up, the woman tells her father to shoot a buffalo cow. The chief demands it, but the woman's father refuses to give it up. When the chief tries to kill the woman's 30 father, her son shoots him. The youth enters the chief's tent, kills his wives, and gives the tent to his mother. He goes traveling, and reaches a village in which the people are hungry. A woman gives him a little to eat; and when he is not satis- 31 fled, she tells him that the chief is rich but stingy. The youth goes into his tent. The chief becomes a rattlesnake, which he kills. Then he gives meat to the people. He goes down the river to another village, where the same happens with the Grizzly- 32 Bear chief. He goes on down the river, and the same happens to the Buffalo chief. 33 50. LITTLE SUN (No. 71).-The chief at Fish Hawk Nest, Crazy Old Woman, wants. 249 to go to war, and calls for a runner. Little Sun offers to go. He starts when the people begin to play ball in the afternoon. He arrives at the place to which he had been sent, which is far distant, before the people stop playing ball in the evening. He arrives dragging his blanket. He tells Chief Not Sitting Down Long what is wanted. He tells 251 the chief that his people are to work for three days preparing bows and arrows, and then to start. They are to meet at Low Hills. In the afternoon Little Sun starts back, dragging his blanket, and arrives at Fish Hawk Nest in the evening. After four days they start, and meet at Low Hills at noon. Among the warriors are Pipe Lighter and his friend. They are hungry. Pipe Lighter shoots at a burl on a tree, 253 which is transformed into a bear. The first time his arrow strike3, it sounds like wood. The second time he kills the bear. The people are afraid of him. When the people are hungry again, his friend spears a piece of wood in the water, which is transformed into a charr. The first time he strikes it, it iswood; the second time, it is a fish. In the evening they reach the village of their enemies. Two scouts, Lamb Hat and Raven 255 Hat, go out and see the village of the enemy. The people (except one man, who is suspicious) think they are animals. Lamb Hat transforms himself into a lamb, and 257 is able, with the other warriors, to go down a slope of loose stones without making any noise. Crazy Old Woman's son, Rattling Claws, goes with Not Sitting Down Long, who captures Chief Hare Lip, and shouts that he is holding him. Rattling Claws counts coup for the chief. Early in the morning all the enemies have been killed. The one man, who had been suspicious, keeps away. In the morning he sees that 259 the village has been destroyed. The warriors spare him and let him carry the news back to his people. While the warriors are going back, Rattling Claws brags, and says that Chief Not Sitting Down Long counted coup for him. The chief becomes angry, and wishes him to be killed by a grizzly bear. They arrive at Fish Hawk Nest, Rattling Claws going ahead, indicating that he is chief warrior. Chief Crazy Old Woman tells them to rest and then to go out hunting. Rattling Claws and one of his 261 elder brothers go hunting bighorn sheep. The elder brother tries to frighten him, saying that he is being pursued by a bear. When a grizzly bear is really coming, and the elder brother warns Rattling Claws, hRe does not believe him, and is killed by the bear. This is due to the wish of Chief Not Sitting Down Long, whom he had offended. 51. PINE CONE (No. 72),-Two friends, Lamb Hat and Wolverene Hat, are hunting 261 mountain goat. When enemies come, the one transforms himself into a mountain 263 goat, which climbs the steep mountain. The other one becomes a wolverene, and runs back along a ledge upon which they are standing. The enemies pursue them, and the friends reach an old man named Pine Cone, who is hunting muskrats. They warn him, but he disbelieves them. When he sees the enemies coming, he hides, and 265 puts his blanket over a figure made of rushes, intending to deceive the enemies. The enemies find him, and he tries to shoot them. His arrows hit them, but do not pierce them. His last arrow has no point, and with it he kills one of the enemies, who then attack him. He tries to ward off their arrows with his bow, but is killed. The enemies go back. When the people of the two friends reach the lake, they find the body of Pine Cone, 312 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 267 52. THE KUYO'KWE (NO. 73).-The people are moving camp, and a woman is left behind boiling bones. The Kuyo'kwe arrive and look into the tent. They enter, take off their clothing, and the woman makes a fire for them and gives them to eat. She throws melting fat into the fire, which startles the Kuyo'kwe. She takes this 269 opportunity to run away. She carries a torch. The Kuyo'kwe pursue her. She reaches a cliff and throws down the torch, while she herself jumps aside.' The Kuyo'kwe believe that they are still following her, and fall down the precipice. The woman follows the people, and tells her son to take the property of the dead enemies. Thus the boy becomes a chief. 269 53. THE GREAT EPIDEMIC (No. 74).-During an epidemic all the people die. One man only is left. He travels from one camp to another, trying to find survivors. 271 He sees some tracks, and thinks that some people must have survived. He notices what he believes to be'two black bears, follows them, and finds a woman and her daughter. He marries first the woman, then her daughter, and the present Kutenai are their descendants. 273 54. THE GIANT (No. 75).-The people in a village are eaten by a Giant. An old couple live at the end of the village. The Giant enters their tent, and says that he will eat them in the morning. The old woman wakes up. She calls her husband, who cuts off the Giant's head. 26 55. THE MAN AND THE WASPS (No. 19). 33 56. THE WHITE MAN (No. 22).-A white man is chopping off a branch on which he is sitting. He is warned, but continues until he falls down. 34 57. THE FRENCHMAN AND HIS DAUGHTERS 2 (No. 23).-A Frenchman has three daughters. When walking in the woods, he finds a stump, which is the home of the Grizzly Bear. The Grizzly Bear demands to marry the Frenchman's daughter. He 35 takes the eldest daughter to the stump. flhe marries the Grizzly Bear, but runs away in the evening because she is afraid. The same happens with the next daughter. 36 The third daughter goes to the Grizzly Bear and stays with him. The young woman's mother goes to see how she fares. During the night the Grizzly Bear is invisible. In the morning she sees him again. 279 58. THE MOTHER-IN-LAW TABOO (No. 77).-The men were ashamed to talk to their mothers-in-law. Only those who disliked their mothers-in-law talked to them. 1 Blackfoot (Uhlenbeck VKAWA 13:171, 197). Kaska (Teit JAFL 30:431). Shoshoni (Lowie Pa AM 2:273). Ts'ets 'aut (Boas JAFL 10:45). Ute, Uinta (Mason JAFL 23:316). 2 See Bolte und Polivka, Anmerkungen zu den Kinder- r. IIausmirchen der Briider Grimm, 2: 229. IV. VOCABULARY The following vocabulary contains a selection of the more important stem-words, prefixes, and suffixes, together with examples showing the use of these stems. So far as possible, these examples have been taken from the texts. The Kutenai-English vocabulary has been arranged in such order that sounds which are closely related stand near together. The order selected is, vowels, labials, dentals, palatals, velars, laterals. This results in the following order of sounds: a y p t c I tj, i w. p! t!! ou h m s q ts q! ts! x n The long lists of nouns beginning with aa'k- have been placed together. I have embodied ir- this list a long list of nouns collected by Dr. Chamberlain, which I have not checked. I have kept these separate, because it is impossible to distinguish between aa'k-, aa I!-, aa q-, aaq.1-. In the verbal forms I have generally given the stem without ending and without prefix. This is indicated by hyphens at the beginning and at the end of the word. Prefixes have been marked by a following hyphen and the abbreviation pr., although they may also take verbal prefixes. Suffixes have been marked by a preceding hyphen and the abbreviation suff. References are to page and line of the preceding texts; 256.161, for instance, means p. 256, line 161. Words marked Kel. were obtained from a young Lower Kutenai named James Keluwat; those marked Aitken were collected by Mr. Robert T. Aitken, who accompanied me part of the time I spent among the Kutenai. KUTENAI-ENGLISH a- oh! a- pr. out of. (See an-, ak-) -a- verbal stem 256.182 -ai- > -as+n (see -as- two) (n')ao'k!ue- the one, the other 64.120. (See ok!u-) -ay- to steal, to cheat 38.8; 244.7 313 314 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 "-awut- to shout for joy 188.44 -apaklhn- to pin, to stick into 138.244; 170.105 -apes- to be straight 174.224 apko'k!u head of tent 134.174 am'a'k land, country 76.73 (a-ma'le't post 94.157 [perhaps aa'-male't]) at but, however -at- to name 122.56 ata- pr. above 256.161. (See naata) -as- to be two 236.129 ats- pr. stealthily, secretly 180.32 atsa''wats! husband's brother 122.44 a'tse- brother's wife a/tso pottery dish, kettle, bucket 32.12 (aa'tsuu'la bag 17.5 [perhaps aa'k-tsula]) -atskup- to break wind 48.40 ats!po" wolverene 74.19 ats!mil great-grandfather 278.12 an- pr. out of (away from speaker) 178.13 a:n- pr. more 56.10 a*'na necklace 214.61 a'n'an magpie 4.15 -anaxa'm- to go out 90.59 -anaxaka- to go to war (= to go out for something?) 76.72 -anaxe' to hunt (= to go out?) 124.67 -anek!e'- to be heavy 128.45 -antsa- to practice witchcraft 76.82 antsu- pr. behind 202.274 -a'nxo- to reach, to overtake ak- pr. out of (toward speaker) 180.37 akamen- pr. around 136.231 aa'k- prefix of noun1 aa'mate't tent pole, post aa'tsu-'a bag 17.5 aa'a,'wu tent cover aa'kawu''!o' parting of hair aa'ka'mat corral (-kamal) (akamen- around. [See in alphabetical order preceding this group]) a'a'ka'mt belt 74.27 (-ka'mt) a'a'ka'k water hole 38.9 aa'ka/'k!o trap 162.42 aa'kaql/1na'm eye 4.14 (-qlil) aa'ka'q!ne' face 72.5 (-q!ne') aa'kaxapaE'na'm orbit 182.20 (-xapak). (See aa'kmendalaxapa'knatm) aa'kaxa'pqle' rapids, cascade 154.226, 235 (-xapqle') aa'kaxmala'na'm flesh 42.37 (-xma-la) aa'ka'l bag aa'key hand 142.36 (-hey) aa'ket.1a^na'm tent 11.4 (-t.1a) aa'kets tent pole, stick 14.14 (-[e]ts) aa'ktktsk!a/a'k branch of a tree 33.9 (-tsk!a'-lak) aa'k/ltsqa fish trap 176.253 (-kits-) - 1 All nouns of this group have been entered here, because in many cases the exact form of the stem has not been ascertained. 130AS] BOAS] ~KIJTENAI TALTES 1 315 %'kl- prefix of noun aa'k-etsq!ahe'ynamr finger (-ts-q!a-hey) aa'1cetsq!aekcamai'1ak talons of birds (-ts-q!a-hey[?]-ka-rna~ak) aa'kesq!a,'1na-m toe (-ts-q!a-k) Kel. aa&Iutsq!a,'kam a root found in swamps (Aitken) aa~kesq!a~u,'pta-k hoof of deer or cattle aa' ketsla,'ame plain aa7cetslaq!o,"na berry cake (Aitken) aa~'le'ts!qa-I bark of tree (-ts!qat) aa'kets!ca-'kvZ coal (-ts!kakil) aake~tsla,'e-n tree 3.9 (-t0ae-n) aa'ktne'k!nw-m thigh, parents 98.244 aa'kenelalaxapa,'kna-m orbit 274.30. (See aa'kaxapa'kna-m) aa'kenoma~nolea-'kna-m embroidered vest (Aitken) aaketnv'mWolc! cliff 2.4 (-num-ok!) aa~eenoka,'kna-m rib 80.189 (-nocale) aa'kenusu,'k!po-n place with scattered tr-ees 72.74 (-nusuldpo-n) aa'kenu-'kweit pitfall 190.33 aa'knukxume-k it is rock 112.80 aa~'lenoqua-'ako pitchwood, torch 136.221; 266.36 (-nuqua-ko) aa7eenuqo,'yka-k fist (-n[uJ-qoyk~a-lc). (See aa' qo' ytea-k wrist) aa7cenu,'qle- tomahawk 80.173 aa5'kenuqI e'e prairie 192.60 (-nuq-4eet) aa5'kenoq!ota,'tit a small hawk aa5' knu,'q!yuk ya'q!e-t tobacco seeds (a5' kenu-'q!yuk flower Kel.) aa5'kenuqima' 5na bird's tail 152.181 aa5'kenuq!Ia,'nuk flat stones 170.117 (-nmtq!Ia-nuk). (See aa' kelcts!ta'nuk) aa'kenuqIa-nu'k!ue-n sharp, flat stones aa'kenuq!ula-k!a'5ko- plank, board 170.125 aa5'kenuq!u~oxona-'tet a small, gray bird aa5'kenuq~oI1a-m bald-headed eagle aa5' knuxo-' nulc brook 162.37 (-nuxonuk) a5 kenu-'Iam snake 52.10 a% enu,'1ma-k marrow 15.14 (-nulmak) aa kenmi,'tuk river 30.8 (-nmit-uk) ~aakenku,'ma-1 (buffalo) calf aa5 ken1&a'5ik toe (probably a57ck'nq!a,'1dk [-nq!a point; -Il.k foot]) aa5lecnk!u,'ma-I cradle 112.43 (-nidumal) aa'le,'nqa-t fat on top of t41l of biighorn sheep 258.239 aa ke'nqa-n (aa'kt'nq!a-n? Kel.) top aa5' knqanu,'qIa-m crown of head aa 1e~nqa-'1na-m forehead aa' k'nqo- frame of tent aa kenqo-'wa wing, feather 74.49 (-nqowa) a5'ktnqulm'yu shoulder aa5 k'nqotI stem of tobacco plant 55 kenq!a'wo-k stick 118.192 (-nq!a-wok) aa'kenq!a,'qa arrow point 264.68 (-nq!a-qa) aa5 knq!a,'qa-t fish tail (-nq!a-qat) a5"ktnq!a,'Iqa sinew 74.26 aa'kenq!u-'ts-ak fawn 172.165 aa5 knq!u,'ko- fire 38.4 (-nq!u-ko-) ao,'tkenxamu~u,'Iak a piece of dried meat 230.11 a5 enu'cnarm abowveelbo%^w 316 316 ~BUJREAU OF AMERICAN E THNOLOGY BL.5 [BULL. 59 aa'k- prefix of noun (-ak~k- see in alphabetical order following this group) a 'kekt.nqowaxoniyi'e-s flapping of wings (-k-nqowa-xo-me-k) aa~'kie-'kpuk! backside 18.7 (-kpuk!) aa'kelcts!la,'nulc flat stone 64.84 (-k-tsI'a-nuk). (See aa'Jcenuq!la'nulc) aa'kelcne'lam hair rings made of brass spirals aa'kekqap~oniyi-'e-s flapping of wings (-k-qa[p]-xTo-me-k) aa'7edcqalanmi,'tuk bend in river (Aitken) (-k-qlala-nm it-uk-) aa'~kkqlallale/a hollow place in ground *(-k-qlala-lett) aa'kekqIaIlawuqle/&t hollow place in mountain side (-Xc-qIala-wvuq-ledt) aa'kekcqlaIlak!aqlu'nuk hollow place with dry timber 260.2 (-ic-qiala-klaqIunuk) aa'kek.le'yam name 76.101 (-kM-e-yam) aa'kek.lite-'yam noise 148.99 (-leUet-e-yan') aa'kdc.Iu,'na-m village, town 31.10 (-k.1u) aa'keq!ye-t talking 138.275 aa~7cdalaqu'no ic cave under water 80.152 (probably aa'keqlalaqu'nok, from aa'l~c]-qlala-qu-nuk) qa~'kclc'nqar& cyclone, dust storm a."kL'l1wey heart, mind, innermost part 62.49 (-Iwey) aa'ke'lma-k! cherry (Prunus demissa) 6.11 (-Ima-k!) aa'kelmi'yet sky 72.12 (-lmiyet) aalelno,'hos star 17.9 (-lnohos) aa'kd~k!aku,'ko-t season 180.23 (-lk!aku-kut) aa'kedq!a,'niI song Kel. aa'kedq!an-otsa,'ko maak! burnt bone. (See aa'q~ono-'Uko-) aa~'kdq!aku,'pk!o- fence post, rail aa'kelq!a,'lukp bunch of dew hoofs of deer 216.1]11 (-lq!al-ukp). (See a'a'kukp claw, finger nail) aa~'keq!aluq!pwaq! (aa~kekalu'kwak) a black bird with white spots, size of a robin (Aitken) aa'kie,' xO* body Kel (-akou- see in alphabetical list following this group) aa'kowa-'sk!o- place for drying meat 272.9 (-was-klo) aa~ko-'wa1 onion aa'kowa,'lwolc birch (-wo-k tree, wood) aa'kuwuk.1e'Lt mountain 76.97 (-wuk-lett) aa'kumaqIc'lna-m eyelashes (-qlil eye) aa'ku,'me wind aa'ko'mo- fruit of Viburnus opulus aa'kumle'Lt frost (-ledt country, weather) aa'ko,'unal three-pointed fish spear aa'ko,'uka-k neck a'/a kkukp claw, finger nail 58.20 (-ukp) aa'kuktse,'ke-n bladder 64.100 aa'kuk.Iako,'wum locust 1.7 aa'kok!uatsr'nko- hair ribbon, worn in front 126.15 aa'kok~ua-'tswum cinch (-wurn belly) aa'kok!uatsk!a,'k!o* ear ornament 130.103 aa'kok!uatsetsq!a,'yna-m finger ring (-ets-ql-key) aa'kok!uatskaulIma bridle, halter aa'kouk!ala,'akna~m back (-kVa-lak) aa'kokupto'latl red cedar aa kulk!pa-k heel (-k/p-a-k) aa'uk~axm'ko firebrand 210-454 BOAS] _KUTENAI TALES 317 aa~k- prefix of noun aa'1euk!ps,'ka-m root 10.12 "a~ku'kpma-k! ear ornament 98.214 (-1dp-ma~k!) aa'kuk!p~aNmka--'kna-m nape of neck 114.99 (-k!p-Ia'm-ka-k') aa'kuk!p~e,'d foot of mountain 224.131 (-kVp-tedt) aa'cu,'qwa-t! ear (-qwa-t!) aa'ko,'quwit! bottle (also place name) 260.3 aa'1co-'q~a'tI rattle aa~'7uqmo-'ko- ashes Kel aa'ku,'qtna-m intestines -11.14 aa~'luqsa~a,'na-m nose 11.11 (-qsala) aa~'1u'qla skin 210.448 (-qla) aa'cu,'qla'nt clothing 9.3 aa'kuq~a'wo fish line, fish hook 38.14; 39.2 aa'eu,'qla'rn hair (-qI[?]-Ia'm) aa'kuq~a-'1a~k buffalo drive (-qlala hollow in ground) 204.307 aa1e?.eq~e- horn 3.10 (-qle-) aa'kuqIe'et an edible root (?) 248.20. (See aa1euq!1e'et) aa'kuq~eda,'1na-m calf of leg 190.9 (-qleklal) aaicuq~u,'pe-n young tree 188.19 (-qiupen) aa'kuqoI-axa,'na-m beard Kel. aa~~kuq!ua1I rice (aaVUqau'qI?) aaieu'q!o strawberry (aa'q!u'lco?) aaicuq!yume-'n-a side hill 204.320 (-q!yu-men-a) aa'kuq!yu,'muk! cliff 102.323 (-q!yu-muld). (See aat1eenU'm-oVc) aa'1euq!yu7cHa~axwe,'et doorway 94.147 (-q!yu-k!a-Iaxweet) aa~'Ioq!yu~e,'et mountain 46.7 (-q!yu-leet) oa'kuq!mS'ko- ashes 10.10 (-q!mS*-ko) aa~kuq!no,'kuat -nest 114.101 (-q!nolcuat). (See aa'qo',qua aa~'ku'Iq!nuke lake 44.12 (-q!nulc) aa'kuqla~yet't!in corpse 5.3 aa'kuqfla 'm hair. (See aa'lcu'qla 'in) aa'kuq!le,'et berry, fruit 172.170 (-q!-Ieet?) aa ku'qRli stripe, painting, writing 224.124 (-q!liZ) aaieoxni,'yam firewood 124.102 aa'tko'la pipe stem 78.124 aalcuta,'wo-k pipe-stem wood (Alnus incana) aaicu,'Iats penis 102.325 aalcu,'tak body, meat 2.7 aa'ku,'Ia-I leaf of pine; green boughs 16.6; 240.235 aa~kiYu-'kwa war bon-net 192.50 aa~kwi,'yat! side 142.22 (-wiyat!) aa'kwet! wing, shoulder 98.251 aa'lcwi-t! ice aa'kwi-'tsa-k elbow, ankle, wrist, knuckle a/'a~kwum belly (-wum) a,'atkwo-k bark for canoe aa'kwalcua(ec'se-s) its bushes 92.112 aa'kwo,'q!Ia dried skin aa'1pep'tsna-m food (-pets) aa'kma,'na-m trail 68.68 (-ma) aa~em'es~a51trb(-=dog's trail) Milky Way 318 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 aa'k- prefix of noun (-akme- see in alphabetical order following this group) a'ikmenuqtu'nuk white stone 88.13 (-mtnqlu-nul) aa'kmoq!o~'ma1I tobacco 62.44 aa'kmoxO,'na-m seat 192.66 (-mo-xo) a,'kmi31u'pu-q lungs aaIctaptse,'kna-m forearm 7.11 (-taptseik) aaiccnuqtapts.3,kjna-m elbow aa'kenkataptselckinam wrist aa'ktRejmo whetstone, strike-a-light 76.105 (-te) a'csaq! leg 3.13 (-saq!) aa'ktsa'mat knife 106.383 aa'lctsh,'ka rawhide strap 96.193 aa'knenmo,'o act of falling 170.124 (-ntn-mo-xo) (akindc! see in alphabetical order following this group) aa'knu,'ma-k marrow 15.12 (-nutmak). (See aa'kenu'lma-k) aa'kxa'ska-k breast piece of game 260.8 a'/'alE.a*'m head 192.73 (-la'm) a,'a'k.~t! arm 180.55 (-Zat!) a'ak k.la/ back 264.85 aa'k.Iaqpe'sqap tripe 15.12 aa'k.Ia,'we- valley aak.la,'we-k! pit for cooking 44.2 (-laxwe-k!) aa'k.le'ite't property 90.38 aa'k.letsate'yan dream (-Ieits-at-eyam) aa'k.lc'kna-m foot,tracks 142.38 (-lek) (-ak./e-l see in alphabetical order following this group) a'&/c.o* snow 126.22 (-lu) a,'a1.lo'm' bat 74.51 aa"/c.luma'nam throat 274.32 (-luma) aar'k.lu'ma/k cottonwood aa"k.lu/le,'et noise 168.81 (-luk-leet) aa/c.luktsumo'-cn wound 224.107 aa'k.lo,'u/!wa shadow 116.144 aa/c! arrow 72.3 Va'a/!wo-/c arrow wood, service-berry wood 92.85 aa,'/!ayu/cwa'ana~m hat 88.54 (-/!ayu/Cwa) aa'/!awats!e'iko- graveyard aa,'a'ame- hole, pit 192.37 (-1dameo) aa,'/ame'n-a valley 14.13 aa,'asla/a'/cna-m nostril aa,'!ano'u/ko* sharp stones 82.25 aa'/c!anu'le/c rough, sharp stone (-/c!anulle/) aa'/c!a'nqo(t) smoke hole 9.12 aac!a/'ku'xa drinking-place 74.48 a/'k!a'a/po/c! hips a'/!a/c.lu'nu/c place with dry trees 72.69 (-ida-/c lunuk) aa'k!aq hole in ice 88.5. (See a'a'/a/k) aa'/c!a'qayt snowshoes 128.45 aa'k!aqqa-'halI swamp aa'/!a,'qa!yu leg part of skin 196.123 aa'/!a,'a/c shore a'k!aala/a'/cna-m,navel a5_'/Mala'xe/cp anus 96.169 BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 319 aa'le- prefix of noun aa~lc!a~axuwe,'et doorway 96.191 aa'kValelet largest rivers aaieValu'kuil tracks in snow 122.13 aa~lc!alu'lo trail in snow 218.133 aa'lcalma'na-m mouth 64.102 (kla-lum) aa'leaalro-k hoop 146.57 aa'k!a~mokua'et light 156.279 aaicVo'neis saddle aa'k!u,'nka-k nose, beak 164.82 (-le.un-leak) aaglcwatsq!a'yna~m finger ring (-kc.wa-tsq!a-hey) aaiclma'maZ cheek (ak/lan) se naphabetical order at end of this group) (aqa)I aa'qa-'oxaI otter aa~qaye'nmele wave a'a~qat tail (-qat) 164.82 aa qa\tik.Iu/kua legg ings 266.19 aa~qatwu,'mlat coat 1.8 (-qat-wum-tat) (aaqa'lt!- see in alphabetical order at end of this group) aa'qatskana,'mke joint aa'qa,'tsko- flint 104.371 aa'qanq!yumr'n-a hillside (a place name) 94.135 (-qan-q!yu-men-a) aa tqan~dcnatetxai'yam bed a "qaxapk.Ia,'t/na-m armpit (-qaxa-pk-Iat!) (aqa [I]- see in alphabetical order at end of this group) a/a'~qat cloud aa~qata,"mla scalp (-qa-la'm-la) aa'qalwi,'yat! side of body aa'qalpalne'yamA historical tale 126.117 (-qal-pal-meic) aa'qalq!anopwa,'te- myth 142.1 (-qal-q/anoxwate) aa qeya'mlapskake.eletske- name of place near Nelson aakqo'yt kale wrist (?). (See aalccnuqo'yleale fist) aa qo'wat fur, hair 208.410 (-q~wat) aa tu/pa-t/ bud aa'qo'pal cone of pine or larch 264.101 aa~qu,'ta-l ax 15.10 aa~qonakec'lmale/ limb (-male! bone) aa qunle!a,'Iale fog aa'qolea'pmalI infant (until the time whien it is taken off the cradle board) aa Iqu' larn fringes (-quleam) aa~qoeu,'wum housefly aa'qole.la-'kl!o saddlebag aa'qo,'l!a-m beaver holes in water 130.91 (-ic/am) aa'qo/,qol bark rope aa #qu'qhkul spruce-bark basket aat qo 'quat nest. (See aaieuq!no-'uat) aa'qu,'qwat! (or aaleu'qwa t!) ear a/ a quqt entrails 232.66 aa'qouq!le,'lup foam 184.45 aa'qouq!lelupenqo,'wa insides of quills aa Vquxma'nule gray stone 94.138 (-qucxma-nule aa'qo~l calf of leg (-qowl) a7.qotl'nka a lace vname104 Q.35 320 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY, [BULL. 59 aa'k- prefix of noun aaqou1a'qpde leaf 222.69 aa'qo~a'qpe-s Apocynum cannabinum aa'qo 1a'lpe lena'na Salix desertorum aa'qu,'um parfi~che 128.42 aa'qulu'dpko- stump 2.11 (-qulu-k!p-ko) aa'qzwatq!ateka'kna-m eyebrow (-aqte- see in alphabetical order at end of this group) a'qto- black bear, one year old (-aqtaq!u) f(see in alphabetical order at end of this group) aa'qsu\7!uitna/mu summer 100.268 (aqts-) (aqtskxmala-' (see in alphabetical order at end of this group) (-aqrtts-) *a'qaqnuk anvil 216.99 (-qa-nuk?) (a'qla) (-aqiuk.'-) (see in alphabetical order at end of this group) (aq!a) aa'q!asak edge (see also aqlas in alphabetical order at end of this group) 98.220 ~a'q!a-n handle aa'q!a,'na'k knee 80.170; remains of broken bones 64.109 aa'qlea'uk deep water aa'q!anuk.1e'et prairie on side of hill 182.62 (-q!an-ulc-leet) aa'q!a,'nkme- island aa'q!anke'tsqa beaver dam 130.90 aa'q!anqatsha,'e~n place with thick trees 72.72 (-q!an-qa-ets!1ae'qn) aa'q!a'nq!ak notch of arrow 72.16 aa'q!a,'rq!me-wae-k throat (?) (aa'q!uwaeck windpipe[?]) aa'q!a'nIup milt of fish aa'q!anlup:ama'ko- lump, wart (aa'qakou- see in alphabetical order at end of this group) a'/'q!alI gloves aa q!a,'ee antlers 124.99 aa'q!atLka'kna~m eyebrows 78.130 (-q!aIekLaak]). (Also aa'q!wctq!a\ ckaeknarm) aa'q!o-,'wuk! thigh aa'q!u'tat fat 2.7 aa'q!utsa'ne~1 passer-oy (not used in modern speech) 60.15 aa'q!utsk!a'Itak'na'na little twig 222.69. (See aatketsk!a'1a'k) aa q!uma'awo-k willow aa'q!u'na-n' tooth 188.16 aa'q!onake-'Imamc! (or aa'qonakc/,Ima-k!) limbs 240.227 aa'q!u'na-q white blanket 174.222 (aa'q!u'nal) aa'q! ka'ma1l travois 29.2 aatq!ono-'kor no'ukuey burnt stones 236.125. (See aa'q!a'na'k) aa'qlu'ko* strawberry, raspberry a,'q!ok.Iu,'pqa small feathers, bird's down 86.19 aa'q!uk.tu,'nnam saliva 192.53 (-q!-uk-Ium) aa'tq!oxm ae'et bow and arrows; "plant standing up," used for arrowshafts 190.1 a~'q!ut canoe calking aa'q!u,'ee excrement 276.91 aa'q!u~u'mko grave aa q!u,'kka vein, sinew aI'q/1ukIup backside 238.197 BOAS] BKUTENAT TALES 321 aa'k- prefix of noun WORDS in aa'l- RECORDED BY CHAMBERLAIN1 aa kauma'kso-k Skukum Chuck (below Finlay Creek) aa kapmate's yu*'wat! hornet. (See yu"wat!) a'aka-m white pine, bark used for making canoes aa'kamo-kin a fish, sp (?) aa'kamtstnka--'k(nd m) lower jaw. (See aa'ktnkamtscnlea~/k[na m] chin) aa'la'tal Sand Creek, Warren Creek aa,'anakamu,'ko' field aa'kanu'xo- Tobacco River aa'kanu'1.ce1 Missoula, a place about four miles from Sand Point, Idaho aaiEanka'wok stick aa'kanka'nuk.hdrmukna'e t window aalcankalts'lea noose (in rope) aa'kanlome'ika fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium) aa'kardixuna'e t lightning aa'kako-'wo-k region inhabited by the Lower Kutenai aa'ka'k!o-s Finlay Creek aa'kackolmite'yuk region of a camping-place on the trail to the Lower Kutenai aa'kak.u'lal (also aa'kok.Eu,'al) juniper (Juniper communis) aa'kalat.aa'tna-m old lodge, aa'kala&1aa'ai sack-cloth, also name of a man aa,'ale,'lna-m stockings, socks aa'kalme'et eye of needle aa'kaanolatako'1ko- steam aaliye'nLk! Kutenai of Pend d'Oreille and St. Ignace aa'1tesak.le'et Joseph's Prairie, at Cranbrook, B.C. aalCLtstak.1u,'a1 gum tree aakLno'mulna'na crackers, biscuit aa' kene'txaI gunpowder aa'ke'nule thigh of bird aa' knuEota'te-k a medium-sized, gray bird aa' knu,'kmak three-pointed fish spear ad5'kenu-'1-uk Kicking Horse River aa'kenukLluxonal'ka Artemisia discolor; A. frigida; Bigelovia graveolens. (See aa' u-o~k.1aixuna,'atet) a'kmLnulxiuxokona'5ka awu'mo medicine made of Artemisia discolor a5'kenuk.~ohona,'tet a small, gray bird aa~kenuxle'etiiana Hot Springs, Ainsworth, B.C. a5' e'nhas breast of bird a5 le'nskwat Carex scoparia a5'kenca'ma'1c dragon fly a5' a7enkamtserka-'k(na-m) chin a5'knEko,'kol sand a5' keneu'at wheat (Lower Kntenai a5' enkowa,1a'a) aa'kenqai kaxpukua'tse-s handle of tin cup a5'kikaku-kwi,'et a small, gray bird ac'klee' luk longitudinal strips on sides and bottom of canoe a5'leila,'tsu (also a5'kola'ktsu) thread aa' kiaktsumu~'in seam 1 The following words have been entered as a group by themselves, bepause it is impossible to dietinguish from the collector's orthography the sounds k, k1, q, gq. 855430--Bull. 59-18---21 322 322 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 aa'k- prefix of noun aa5'kilalaqai eye of potato aa'ki~u'kUatspu,'kna-m braces, suspenders. (See a5'kluk. Iu'Ikuatslcpu,'k[na-m]) aa'kilkanoskowo~k Cherry Creek aaiciIkcaxnilko,'om strings for tying up parflche a' a'lko- points of bark canoe aa5' is' pla stomach of partridge aa5'komu,'na-m lower lip aalkutskakilukcpo,'al small ornamental pieces on border of root kettle (ye'tslee a5' ko-'nak apple peel, rind aa'ku-'no-k Barnard, B.C.; also sluice box aa'kuno-'kyo~k berries of IPhiladelphus Lewisii aaleunwole binding strips at pointed ends of canoe ga5kurilelet frost, rime aa~klcoui Aralia nudicaulis aa5'ku' lemat bladder of fish a5' ko,'kna-m shin aa5'ko-'lyu. bent side strips on top of canoe aa5'kuew ate'Z~it wad of gun aa'koka-yuldalmR(nasm) (also a5'lolcwi'yok!aIEma) upper lip aa5'klo'lko* bridge hutsetlcoloplcc'n-e I shall make a bridge (hu-ts-ct-koko[p]-krn-ne-) a5' kuk! pwu stock of gun (aa~k[uI-kp-wu) aa5'klulpanmitu,'kqo- Bonner's Ferry (aak[u]-kp[aI-nmituk-xo-) a5' kulepdctk!a,'laie knot iin tree (aa'k[u]-lep-[e]tsle!alak butt end of branch) a5'leu lple' quill end of feather aa5'1ukp~u,'Ia1 pepper a5' kukc.I-'j(nasm) palm of hand (a5' 14u]-k-Ia[Fj-hey-na-m) aatkuk.Zalc~e'knam) sole of foot (a5'k[uJ-k.1a4[?]-leic-na-m) a5'ku-ok.Iaixuna-'5te-t Artemisia discolor, used for headache a5'kulela' xaI Lower Kootenay River aa5'kluk. Zu' uastalk aa~' luku'kluatskpu'kna-m) suspenders aa5'kiule.uca,'ts~o- moccasin string, lacings aa5'koquatse/qa gills (of fish) a5' kolawit eyal moss (Lillagenilla rupestris) aatko,'Ia-m eel aa~Iotamka'k(na-m) hair of head aaieola-'na-m palate aa' ola~nak moss (Lillagenilla rupestris) aa'ku~a,'ko bag, pouch, pocket aa5'lo~ekam powder flask aa5'klieu'qats handle (of tin pail). (See aa'kulc.luka'tslo- and a5' kuluqa,'t-8um aa5'kuluqa,'tslum shoe lacing a5' kolu,'spe- fence post aaqkya,'m~u-p Nelson aaicwe'tsco- screw, buckle of belt aa'klwu' lkxo' wicker fish weir a5'lcwitste'et hill 55' ktsa'Ue- Wild Horse Creek a,ýa'1.Z'a fish spear aa5'cIJmalak(na-m) turnip aa51.ta,'1co- square pieces forming border of root basket a5%7.1c~ic1:u4'pke hoe (?)1119 1) BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 323,aa'k- prefix of noun aa k!am region of Fort Steele and St. Eugene Mission aa'k!am aa'ku^q!nuk St. Mary's Lake a'a'k!am aa'klnmi.tuk St. Mary's River a'a'k!nes Wasa aa'k!ne's aa'ku'q!nuk Hanson's Lake a'a'k!nes aa'kenuxo'nnuk Hanson's Creek -akek- to go (dual) 34.11 -akou- to stab 108.442 -akockuen- to try 252.63 -akme- to call guardian spirit 8.1 akinek! relatives, parents 96.188 -ak.lel- to question 180.17 ak!la(n) different 72.15 aqa fat 80.187 aqa(l)- pr. therefore 92.84 aqat!- pr. a little ways off 276.104 -aaqa- to be strange 90.45 -aqte- to untie 2.16 -aqtuq!u- in mouth 220.25 aqsa- pr. under blanket, under cover 102.298 -aqts- to break 64.117 aqts!t(xmala)- white (skin) 42.37 (aqts!-xmala) -aqndts- to fool 228.83 a'qla inside 90.45 -aqluk!- to smell aq!a thicket 188.21 aq!an- pr. into (woods) aq!as edge 276.113 -aq!akou- to be on fire; to perspire 120.207 "-axe' to go ts!mna'xe he starts 1.1 wa'xe~ he arrives 2.4 skaxe' he goes along 2.9 -axne' to taste 82.7 -al suff. grass 256.159 -al- thick, stout, wide 39.3 al'a moss 190.8 ala friend (used by women to designate a woman friend) 170.135 -ala- verbal stem -alaken- to put on with hand 230.24 -alaxou- to put on back 232.77 -alas- to divide 232.48 al/tskeil reciprocal term used by brother and sister 44.8 -alikwa.e/t(ne') burning food 162.47 -alsen(t)- to endeavor, to try hard 70.37 alqa brain alqan- pr. across 21.3 V oh 86.39 -eya(kmn)- to put up 224.123 iya/mu game, cattle, buffalo 212.23 -ip- dead 70.18. (See -up-) -'mqol- to swallow 80.174 324 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOCGY BULL. 59 ct- to make, to do -etaqna- 'to get ready 78.136 -ctetd to bury 212.19 -teta/(e'k) to bet 152.198 -etdt.la- to make a house 74.34 -ete-k to act 66.34 -etetxo- to increase 82.204 -ctken- to make with hand 1.5 -etk!ou- to do with a point (i. e., to kill with arrow) 86.18 -etqa- to stop -ttxo,'meKk to lie down 60.9 -e-tax- to sharpen' -ituk!sa- to tie 2.8 -ctwas(k!o)- to dry meat 82.5 -etwes(qa)-, -ctwcts- to stop, to- stay 46.7; 158.350 -Ctmo(k!o)- to sow 26.5 -ctnumo'ts(te)- to make a law 76.96 etkcc- pr. up (?) 4.10 -Itk!an- to butcher 196.144 -itqana(qa)- to pick up 204.310 -etg!an(klk)- to lay down 268.46 -ctq!a'nxam- to come back to life 4.16 -ctq!anxo- to tan skin 208.409 (-e-txammn-) qa.e-txa'menqa'me-k not sitting down a long time 248.15 -(Q)t.la tent, house, lodge 1.5; 9.6 -et.ilatsu- to hide 42.13 -ct.1clkinatdt- to propose a plan 232.39 -ct!(qa)- to be full 46.23 -ct!,wo-- to be ten 180.23 et!uwu'nwo one hundred -ct!na- to stretch out 114.96 et!na- pr. over 60.9 -ct!k!o- cold 126.105. (Also -csqat!-) -(t!qao(qa)- to come together, to put together, to pile up 66.18; 134.168 -ct!(ja)- to bite 3.6 (perhaps et-xa to do with teeth) -cs- to own 198.168 -es(k!o)- to shoot 44.23 -ceakinu- to sit down 62.79 -see- to hurt, to wound 182.26 -ese(qa)- sharp 62.57 -ce~e(ka'te-)- to look terrible 80.163 -esekl- pr. very 98.252 -csnm- pr. self -csnc- pr. self -Eskcaxamete-, to lose 52.7 -csqawcts- to stand holding 50.18 -esqaqfanaq!neq'nd- to nod 78.109 ctskd- to look for or at something 24.6 (-wet7kek- to look, intr.) 180.57 -(c)tfkc!ala'k branch of tree 57.8 -ctsqawaqa-f()- to walk along shore (?) 76.83 ' Many of the verbs beginning with et-, e't-, are derived from et- To DO; but in many, cases the derivation is uncertain. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 325;'ts!na-t! cedar 108.449 -(e)ts!la'e-n tree 3.9 -en- to be 62.69 -nqa'pte'k to become 74.24 -mea-kesmnqame'ike- they two sat down 114.104 (-kes- two) -malaqa'aake- those who are in line 130.71 (ts')cnalqanaI'nte he had something to put in 78.134 mne'nek! enemy 256.186 ene'sin horsefly in'/stin molar and canine teeth nc/tska gopher inu't!ke- grouse (-cnmak) to pay -ttermak- to pay 106.384 -en mesa- to be six 180.28,'nta edge, shore 2.4 e'ntsuk l mouse -tntse- to mind 76.93 -enk!atla'nta oxakesenk!a'te-k the two jumped to the back of the tent 92.116 (lantaoxa-kes-enk!a-te1k) -(e)nqowa wing 74.49 e'nta'k chicken hawk 42.2 -ek- to eat 2.6 "dekiyksaleik to camp over night 76.91 e-'ka monster, giant 42.33 -eke(me-k) to run 3.4 (-eket!uwo, see -e'/t!uwo- to be ten) qa.eke-t!uwo nine 136.208 -eken suff. with foot 8.9 (-ekpak[te]), -ukpak- to be disposed sannekpalktapse- he hated him 86.27; he disliked it 216.91 (sahan-?-) -ukpaksa'handukpa'kte- he hated him 76.104 suk.uklpa'kte- he likes it k!umna'nlukpakEitmu'ine- he pitied it 242.276 ektek- pr. up 256.162 -eLktxone(mu)- to rub (with) 124.70 -ektuqo- to wash 80.182 -eksea(t)- to scratch 58.19 -cktsmen(uq)- to sink 78.141 -ektsek- to catch 52.10 -ekinatet- to lay out place for tent 124.95 -(c)k.ley name 84.5 (e)k!na'mu relative 168.93 e-qo-l a small magpie (?) 64.113 il- pr. behind 4.8; 254.125 -Cl(ken)- to come (?) 78.116 -ila- to cry 20.2 -ilala cave 80.152 dlen- pr. may be 86.30 tdenkloma'tele to cover head with blanket 196.130 -ee-lek out of the top of something -illet to mean 152.182..dwa- to shoot 82.3 326 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [tBULL. 59 -t'lwa' gum 20.9 -dwat!- to work 66.1; 250.20 -(Q)lwey- mind, heart 76.106 qalwe/yne he thought thus 122.52 -dwetsk- to watch 92.89. (See -dslkd-) -elma'-H cherry 6.11 -dta(xa)- to lick off 16.1 -(e)1no'hos star 17.9 -dkd- to scold, to quarrel 72.64 -dlk-dkdewey- wise 214.35 (-dk-dwey) -(d)ke* to say 218.128 -dko- to make a fire 272.9 dqa- pr. some distance back 92.88 -dqawesqoku- to float 98.240 -dq!oku- to be in danger 60.26 -dxo- to feel 66.30 u- pr. down (always with -n if away from speaker, or with -k if towards speaker). (See un-, uk-) ou white goose -o-ya- to be warm 102.300 -oyet!axwa(t)- to scare 252.69 uwa'ha no! -uwokE,- to arise 24.2 -oho- (o%-) to know 72.9 up- pr. from water to land 178.266 -up- to die 8.10. (See -ip-) -upd- to kill 4.9 -upuqu- to drown 8.10 o-pa-t! whitefish 150.341 -upc(qa)- to be foolish -upiyct!ej- stingy 164.5 upnm- pr. sideways, about 74.29 -upt!mmitn'upthnmetdwe'yjome'k he trembled for fear 80.162 (-[c]lwey mind) -ups(t)- to take one's own 190.7 (n')upsawetsaakmxa'ane* he stood ready to spear 80.155 (ups-awitsa-ken-xa-ne-) upskil- pr. still 144.33 -uppa- to know, to see 64.115 um(e ) pr. below 254.118 -umats- to laugh 5.12 -umets- to break 26.6 -omo- to walk 76.77 (n')umnaqalpatnepaj;o- he makes a mistake 254.132 -u'mqol- to swallow 222.87. (See -e'mqol-) -ute- to want, desire 62.107 -utjme-- to be warm 37.13 -us- first 4.7 -utspat!- to be helpful un- pr. down (away from speaker) 184.43 one-k last 210.469 (n')unAaqa]oqniya'AneA he helps 60.20 -ond- to be afraid 50.17 uk- pr. down (towards speaker) BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 327 -ul suff. fluid 82.197 aa'cknmi'tuk river -oko ashes 10.10 -okoy(qa)- wild 190.55.-(u)kot season 180.19 -o*k,(e-)- to be all 66.31 -ukp claw 58.20 -uktuk- to smell bad 160.377 -uktman(qa)- to be crazy, foolish -ukts(qa)- to be slim 240.223 -(u)ktsdken bladder 64.100 -ukunak- to see at a distance indistinctly 256.191 -uknu- to rise 60.13; 138.275 -ok!-u(e')- to be one 72.65 ok!uel- pr. at once 30.6 okl!cl- pr. at once 55.1 uk!unel- pr. at once 180.40 (n')uk!en(axe-) he walks about 62.77 -uck!u(n)- to open 34.3 -uq suff. in water 8.10; 21.3 -(u)k!puka-m root 10.12 o'k!qna because 60.15 -ouqa- short 164.80, 83 -oquaakco pitchwood 136.221 (-ko fire) oqo- pr. in 152.218 o'qosk8 inside 136.233 (n)uqo'1kamu'me-k he went out of himself 70.46 -oqoq!u'ko-- to be black -uqtaptse-k! elbow 7.11 -uquna(me-k) to move camp 46.18 -uqlawo-- (-uklawo-?) to fish 38.12; 39.2 -uqla'nt clothing 9.4 -uq!yu(leet) mountain 46.7 -uq!wiya- to swallow 76.88 (n')uxte-k to defecate 124.69 -ula pipe stem -uia- to do 68.73 -ulu- to be deep 110.12 -ulaks meat, flesh, body 2.7 -ula-l green boughs 16.6 ya- pr. on each side 62.73 ya- kee (verbal noun) where there is 84.56 ya.ukue'1ka-m name of a culture hero 112.43 ya'wo below water 48.39; below 122.14 yawo'unek! bright red; water monster 80.161 -yapt!a- to be farthest, last 268.12 -yaptsa(ken)- to push in (?) 164.79 yama'kpatl red-headed woodpecker 80.152 yam*u smoke 16.4, 7 ya't!aps curdled blood 196.143 yasul- (?) 94.153 -yan-u- to starve 192.75 yaakwu'laik Longwater Bay 78.151 -yaq(1e'et)- to be steep 110.9 328 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [nBULL. 59) -yaq- to break (a stick) 14.14 (yaq!- 64.94) ya'qa fish trap 170.136 yaqa'nIaIt flying squirrel 76.63 yaqso'"mil canoe 70.13 -yaq!- to break. (See -yaq-) ya'q!eit tobacco 154.249 -yax- to come into contact, to reach, to get -qunya.T- to touch 19.2 -ts!nyax5- to go to get back 62.60 -tsn!myaxak!o- to dip water 196.162 (ts!n-yax-ha-k!o) -metyaxa- to pursue 7.13 -yet- suff. time wanuyetnam'u winter time 178.4 walkwa.eyetne- evening 36.10 yes-ke- entirety y/ske- size 108.437 ycsa'ske- number 168.78 yeslee'tke world 92.82 y/tske- cooking-basket yetskeeme, pottery vessel -ye'.ku- to be five (from hey hand 1) kyeikounmi''yet the fifth day 250.31 yeiku'nwo fifty -ydcs'Ie-kc to stay over night 76.81 -ydc!ta- to be spilled 196.142 -ycIna'nts(te-) to be pleased with something, to wish for something 222.74 yu*- pr. up 20.9 yu'wa go ahead! yu-'wat! yellow-jacket, hornet, wasp 26.1 -yuna(qa)- to be many, much 60.15; 74.34 -yukua war bonnet 80.153 -yuk!kuaka(te-) to miss, to fail to obtain 78.149 -yuk!kuakatel- to be saved 214.71 w- pr. to arrive wadxe he arrives 184.67 walk'/ne- he brings it 184.35 wa'- pr. up (waha- 166.28) wa-witsk'k/ine- he looked up 16.9 wa*metak!o'une* he shot upward 72.14 waha~ no! 134.193 wa'ma-t! buck 136.204 -wa milnilket- snowstorm 234.102 wa'ta-k frog 88.3 wat!- pr. across (over a high object) wat!me'te*k'/n-e- he kicked him across 84.61 qanaIwat!a,'e- he went across 254.116 was- pr. quickly wasaqana'ane- he hurried 194.102 wa'sde-xa,'xe- he comes back quickly 62.78 wasa'qana'n tobacco 13.12 wa'tskana dried meat 216.100 -wats!- to dive 70.9 -wats!- to play 72.55 OAS] KTJTENAI TALES 829 -wan- to move 8.7 wania't!ne- he moved his arm 180.55 wanuqke'n*e he moved it in the water 100.289 wanakate'i(ne-) he is ready to go 250.34 -wanaqa(na)- to go to war 226.14 wanu(ystna'm'o) -winter 178.4 wanuye'tne it is winter time wa"/'nmo blood 206.358 -wa(k)- to take away wakaltt/ine- his wife is taken away from him 62.51 wak,,-ncene- it is taken from him 166.54 wa'kulks a bird sp.? 64.120 -waq(e/jne-) to be thick -waq!awu- to carry meat 104.362 waq!o'-pe-s rose hips 7.2 -walenk!alatu'ne- it is snowing walu'nak tongue 274.30 -walre- to vomit 220.28 waloq!ukuu'tj(ne:) (waluxkcoku'tine-) it is raining 114.86, 106 walkwa yesterday 250.41 walkwayetine- it is evening 76.90 we- MP west!a'/Ea seven 136.207 wuxa'atsa eight -wiyat!- side of body 142.22 wet!- to be deep 192.44; 278.118 -wct! wing, shoulder 98.251 wet!qkupqo-q1am-ake'n-e a blow glances off from head 78.144 (-qkup-qo-q-1a'm-aken-ne-) -wes- to stand n'etwesqa'ane' he stood still 82.13 la-awa-kmewcsu'kune- he emerges again 70.26.(la-a-wa--k-me-wes-uk-ne-) qa-wesga'ane- he stands thus 254.122 wesqu'le-k it floats -wes(e-k) to sweat in sweat lodge wesi'al sweat lodge we/suk!u a small bird, yellow at tip of feathers, with tip on head 194.118 -Wetstunwakakeswets a'qfine- legs stick out 228.58 (tunwa-k-a-kes-wdts-saq!-ne') nawcts7cpayate'lne- he was waited for 78.123 wetswe-ts a small; gray bird living on lake shore 78.113 -wetskck- to look 166.28 -wetskil- to watch for something 82.22 -wetsq!nu(ne-) to climb 64.120 -wd(qa)- large 58.16 1kwdIqle- bighorn sheep 82.3 wdrma'pe-s rectum 232.68 we'/ma-l rattlesnake 31.5 we'1na-m early 36.2; 66.39 -wo* bow aa'k.Uawo'ute-s his bow stave 15.7 swu'te he has a bow 52.10 n'ct'wuksnt'/eik1 he made a bow for himself 68.59 330 BI3UREAU OF AMERICAN ETIINOLOGY [BULL. 59 -wu- to touch wuqkupxo',ne- he touched him roughly 192.42 wuk!o'une he hits it 60.34 wu(qa)- to be long 164.66 wu'saq! long-leg 78.139 qawulec/'tne- not far 64.83 yesenwosa'q!ke- the length of his legs 84.53 wu'u water 70.12 -wup- to be new 208.406 -wum belly, stomach 80.185 wedwu'mne his belly is big 25.11 wO/m'a-1 wild rhubarb 5.12 wv'ne- gambling-bone 152.195 wunmana'mu alive 268.15 -wouku wood 60.33 -wuku(at)- to see 226.21 (wo.-ka-t) -wukUqa- to find 72.5 wu'qt!e fisher 230.2 wo'q!ka* soup 46.35. (Seeho'q!ka) h6d oh! 86.31 hdi oh! 86.30 hao'm- (exclamation) 230.6.ha- to have; to be 70.37; -haqa'ane- to have 148.121; to be born 92.84 -hate* to have huna'ate I have it nakai'ne- he has an arrow -(yu)ha(ke'ne-) he rubs it on 20.9 ha-kce- place 80.185 hank!aminake- place where there is a hole in a mountain 14.12 -ha- demonstrative verbal prefix.' -hancmseqq,- to smell 254.109 -hakumsekei(te-) to smell of 238.204 -hanokuei(te-) to drag 96.184.193 hakunkc/n(*e-) to pull 44.17 -halukme- noise 60.13 -halukwaxniyam to whistle 40.9 -hawesqa'ane he stands -hawcskaxu'ktse- to swing 44.26 -hawesk!akana'nan m to dance squatting 52.8 -hawetsken-e- he stands holding nawetsqatke'n-e- it holds it by the tail 15.13 (qat- tail) nawc/tsxane- he stands biting 94.157 -hawc'tsno-t- to coax 228.65 qanawetso"me- wind blows a certain way 168.85 -hayaxa- to go and get 92.90 -hawasxo- to sing 16.12 ha\phohe'ha (exclamation) 238.207 ham- prefix of color terms -hamqoq!uku-lakat.letettene-- blackish sky 66.9 namqok!oko'uine- it is black -hamat- to give 206.353 lMany of the following verbs in ha contain presumably this prefix. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 331 -ha-meluqkate'Iek to slide on snow 132.126 -hamaxu'kte- to fall 88.56 ha'tsa mother's brother and sister's child (reciprocal term) 76.104 -hatsleet- it is a well-hidden place 192.38 (ha-ats-lect) -hatslala(qa)- to be sleepy 90.55 -han-hanuq!uya',(te-) to swallow (-uq!wiya-) -hanuxo- to fly -hanmuko- to boil 134.170 (-huko- to boil) -hanquxol- sun dance 50.24 -hanq!o*ko- fire 64.115 -han2ukp(qa)- to run 48.25 -hanaq-, -hanqa- to sit down yaqaha'nqame-'ke- where he was seated 136.211 sanaqna'kse- sitting there 132.140 -hanilnaniIwokuenxa'Ine* they waited 74.48 -(ha)nohos red 128.59. (See 78.135) -han-u\qo.i xo'u(ne-) she broke it 96.204 ha'nq!o muskrat 74.33 hakWil- pr. (See -UM) nakelwetsqa'ne- it stands in it 37.4 -hako- to butt 60.23 -hakup(malnatmne-) to stop over night 250.53 -hakumal- to be bloody 58.20 hako-l- to get (milk) 118.169 -hakwa- to howl 140.20 (n)hakwase'kme'k to pant 140.20 ha-'ksa (exclamation) 90.47; 230.7 -haq!alikwa.et- to catch fire 120.229 -hakqlyt- to talk, to discuss 66.2; 216.79. (See -uq!wiya-) -hakq!awasxo'ume k to cough -hakq!me- to burst 104.339 -hak.latsulwetskd- to look secretly 254.144 -hak.leet- noise 168.69 -hak.Iuq!uwiyaqa- to wish -hak!ak.lonuk- dry trees 72.69. (qa)hak!o,- to pass (?) 238.200 -haqa- to swim 218.8 ta.u'pkaqkin/'Ine it was taken ashore 170.136 (Ia-up-k-haq-ken-I-ne-) na'qtse-k he washes his body, bathes -haqai- to roll 240.226 -haqanaklaqta'ha-t swamp 72.65 -haqanct to drive game 29.1. (See -halaqanl-) -haqan(ke)- to call 130.106 (haqan-ke) -haqalnaqalpaIne'/ne' he talks 72.59. (See -pal-) -haqosa- (?) naqousaqlmaxo'ume&k he sat down on top 12.9 -haqoka'm- fringed 202.276 -haqul- to travel by canoe 150.158 -haqwil- to dance 37.11 (qa)hagowu'm'ne~ they were assembled 138.279 -haqtuq!na- to put in 112.50 332 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY, [BULL. 59 -haqts!eqld- to have clear eyes 214.74 (-qld eye) -haqloyet(qa)- green -haq!awu- to carry meat 188.47 -haq!a-ko- to be on fire 174.182 (aq!a-ko*?); to perspire 120.207 -haq!a-naq!nej- to nod 194.102 -haq!ank!o-'(te-k) limping 26.9 q!o-matq!a'n-ko- Wounded-Knee 26.9 -haqtanqots!lae-n place with thick trees, forest 76.81; 86.43 (-ha-q!anqo-ts!lae-n) -haq!anqoquat(qa)- round (-ha-q!anqo-quat-ne*) -haq!axo'ux (ne-) to shoot 166.47 -haq!alekwati(ne ) to be on fire 68.65; (172.171) -haq!ma- to do suddenly -haq!maxo- to scare 116.130 nukuhaq!ma-kckqa'ane- suddenly he entered 12.13 naq!male/'tsne- he awoke 138.274 qanaq!mak.lenq!oku'pse- fire started 136.226 -haqlnuk- lake (ha-q!nuk) n'aqa'nalhoq!nukna'na little lakes 72.67 -haq!lesak- to cut hair 148.129 -halnalxo'ne- he carries on back 4.2 nalke'n-e- he carries in hand 80.173 n'atskalke'n-e- he takes it 134.182 nal'ana'xe- he goes hunting 82.2 nalumt'n-e- wind blows 164.61 kalnuku'pqa swift -halqok!almaxa- to kiss (-k!a-lma mouth) -haluk.1itiya'Ta(ne') to shout 210.437 -halatsukuiya'm(ne ) to whisper 252.67 (-ats- secretly) -halaqnel- to drive game 134.167. (See -hagqand) -halnuqu- to carry torches 156.266 -halke'kwas- to pant -halkou- to carry water 134.173 yuhalhaq!aku'n-e- it is burnt on top (-haq!a-ku-) -hala'a(ne-) to faint 130.67 -haltaxwat(e-k) 'to be proud 78.140 -halitct- to marry (halalite"tijne-] to be married 152.208) -halenq!oylo-kua'a(me-k) to utter war cry 166.37 -halikinaate'li(ne-) there is evidence of some one Iaving been present 90.49 -halones- to go away 128.42 -haluqkjnercneimo'(n-e-) to use a spoon 64.114 hal*ya* oh! 12.6 -halwats! to gamble 70.32 -hWnukup(qa)- to run 244.4. (See -hanlukp- under -han-) -halnukuxu- to bleed from mouth 130.96 -halnukp- to be ashamed 208.424 -halqoma-t- to surround 148.128 -halqlat!ei- to pick berries 88.4 -halqlahalt- lehal 150.161 h9 oh! 94.140 hei yes he he ha burden of song 100.291 BOAs] KTJTENAI TALES 333 -hey- hand mane'ine- he covers it with his hand Ia'ntaqahe'mne- he put his hand back 9.7 aa'ke'ie's his hand 72.11 heyd (exclamation) 82.17 hem'o pine -hes- to give food 29.3; 174.208 hesan- pr. away. (See hosan-) -henehe- a game, dancing in circle 52.8 -hck!cst- to count coup 256.182 -4de'kx.aqken- to put into water 100.289 (-hde'kxa-qu-ken-) -hcluk- to be dry 78.116 (hd-uk-) -hdlke-- to make noise 82.16 --hdkupxou- to blow 138.245 -hu- to finish -hukuen- to finish something (-hu-kn-) -hul'e-k- to finish eating 130.86 kulate'qna ready 96.195 -hutlak.le- to be full grown 92.119 -hunmeilak.le'- to be full grown 102.305 hu-te* to use ho'ya well! go on! let me go on! 84.1 -hoyctIt- to drive 174.202 -huwas- to le hungry 82.4 -hupa- to be first 74.37 -hup5(qa)- to be crazy 256.166 -hupumak(ne') snow falls from trees 57.7 -humas- to be dry 222.100 (-hu-mas-) -huto'qsa- to tie hair in knot (?) -hutkawumako- belly swells up (-wum belly) -hut!- to freeze 234.103 hosan- pr. away. (See hesan-) no'sanoxunqa'ane- he ran away 68.65 hosanmiye/tke' to-day 250.48 -huts- pr. towards nutsa'xe' he approaches 124.90 nutsu^'kne- water rises 118.189 -huts- to lie nutske'ine- he lies, speaks untruth 86.16 -hutsqan- to be lengthwise 170.104. (See -maqan- crosswise) kutsqa'nq!le-I striped lengthwise -hutsmn- to start no'tsenqkupek,/me'k he started running 58.18 -hunuq!me'- to skin 15.4 -huko- red-hot 68.75; to boil; cooked, done 272.14 -hukuya(katei)- to be dangerous 224.103 -hukoyldxonei- to feel uneasy 220.41 (-ilxo body) -hukuei(qapqa)- to be wild 190.55 -hukunu- to raise. (See -uknu-) -huk.luk- tired 60.19 huk.tukpa(me-k) lonesome 148.122 -huk/ue'n- to be open 144.52 6k!snkne'nen' open it! 148.102 334 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -huk!ukyeti- it is (day) light 68.52; -hoq!ukiyet- to shine 120.217 -huk!nuq!luma thirsty 42.29 -hoq- to win 72.63 -huqaxo- to fall 110.8 -huqna(me'k) to break camp 84.40 nuqunaneyamne- they broke camp 276.71 -huq!utsko- to extinguish fire 172.173 -huq!yu'k!ou- to grasp with beak 240.209 ho^q!ka rotten bone 234.87. (See wo'q!ka.) -hoq!ko'- it melts 80.187 hul- pr. from land towards water 100.263; 240.209 -huluqu- to swim 142.43 (-hul-uq-) -hulpal- to hear, to listen 92.107 (-hul-pal). (See pal) -huinak!o- to fill pipe 62.39, 46 hya' (exclamation) 148.95 pa' brother's daughter -payo'tq!akpayottlne- it is forgotten 82.196 pa'pa grandmother (said by male), grandfather, grandson 88.27 papa'la''m leaves of tobacco plant pa'mck nevertheless 86.41 pa'ts- pr. apart pa'tsenm/et- to scatter 106.418 pat! nephew 64.94 -paqts- to be thin 272.12 -paq!ame'- to burst 184.47 pa'l weak disjunctive, but 78.125 -pat-haqalpalnei- to talk 72.60 -k!apal(tle'k) to listen 102.316 -hulpal(ne*) to hear, to listen 66.24; 92.107 wetka'nilpalnexu/n'e- he made big noise 98.219; 220.54 pa/l'ya mittens 228.57 pa'dkei woman 26.12 -pes- to let go pesekn'e'e he let it go with hand 90.51 (-ken-) -petsqa- to be afraid petsqalwe'yne- he is afraid 174.185 (petsqa-lwey-ne') -pets food aa'kp'tsna'm food pectsa-k spoon petsekemeik he eats while going 198.187 -petspetsxo'une' he chops off 104.343 pe'k!a*ks long ago 88.2 po'po hammer 128.35 pa'sten American (=Boston) p!e'q!s night hawk 172.152 ma mother 94.138 ma but 94.138 -ma trail "aa'kma'na'm a trail 62.51 "nralmama/ane' trail is wide 254.111 wumana/mne~ it is a long trail - BOAS] KUTENAI TALES - 335 -ma- (long objects) klalmanmi^tuk a wide river 86.10 -mayet season luma'yet spring of year 100.258 ma'yo'k weasel -matmatqlZawa'ate~ he spits it out 6.8, 12 -mate' to leave 134.172 ma'tejt! whitefish -mas(ej)- to be dry 64.117 maats don't! 58.3 -mats to be dirty 194.84 -matsqak kla'te'matsqakEma'ak big toe (-al- wide) man- pr. past manqlank/me'k he went past 84.60 man- pr. back lamanwetskik/Ine' he looks back 158.343 -man- to cover 58.17 ma'aka flicker 80.180 ma'dk bone 84.31 -maqan- crosswise maqak later on 126.106 -maqlan egg, testicle 102.300 -maq!ne'(xo)- to slap maoma a berry, sp. (?) 270.32 mal(u)- pr. sideways 150.170 malu'qllil striped sideways 150.170 -ma- suff. together, with 130.85; 166.42 -malen- to open malmk!almaln'e' he opened his mouth 220.51 "-malak bone aa'k.lam'ala'k skull (aa'k-la'm-malak) -me' suffix aa'k!a'ame' hole yets1kee'me- pot -miytt day yesenwunmiyi/tke" the whole night 144.9 naqsanmi'yet several days 88.6 aa'kdmi'yet sky 86.51 tsedmi'yet evening 68.52 ktsdmetdnu'qka going at night (=moon) 68.50 -met- to throw 68.65 metxa- to shoot 74.32 mesquIouwo'm name of Coyote's daughter 60.11 metsu-k a small water fowl, long, slender neck, white belly, dark back 98.246 metsqo'ko'lWna~ a bush with white berries, not edible 126.14 mets!qa'qas chickadee 176.231 -menxo'qa- to jump 96.168; 246.45 -me'k reflexive ending of verbs in -nem/ka even 66.25 m/'Ia'n but 98.219 -mu(wesu'q)- to emerge r'awak!mos/quqne~ it emerges 110.39 (n-a-wa-k-mo-wcs-uq-ne') 336 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -mu suff. by means of kmetta'm'u shooting with it 72.3 -moxun-e- to fall into, to hit 192.39 ksaakLmu'Xo' while he was away 232.64 sanmuxo'me'k to pile up 168.87 sanmolke/ne he had a pile 136.237 moqkupnoxunqa'me-k he runs 60.18 mo'q!une- young beaver 130.92 -mnuqka-, mEnuqkayaqa nacwat!manuqkEa'ske where the sun sets 86.21 (ya-qanl-wat!-mEnuqka-s-ke-) t- pr. into, always with n GOING, or with k COMING. (See tcn-, tdU-) taaq oh if! -taptse-k forearm, elbow 7.11 -tamoxu(n-e-) it is dark 266.41 tat! elder brother 68.53 ta'nal reed (?), rushes (?) 264.65 -takxaxou(ne-) to fall 132.124 taik!a*ts squirrel 74.27 ta'xa then 1.5 ta'xta later on 3.7 tat- pr. can -timo suff. mutually, together with swo'timo friends 1.2 a1a-qalt/tmo parents and children k'te- granddaughter of woman; grandmother of girl; mother-in-law 184.67; 58.22 tc'tu father of male t'tqa't! man 166.42 ten- pr. going into 88.32; 90.61 latnalk/nWe- he carried it back into 90.61 tek- pr. coming into 92.116 tekim'/tpane he pulled it in 96.203 -te-k reflexive suffix of transitive verbs in -teta'te-t! father's sister (said by woman) 58.14 tc/'Ina old woman 3.4 tedna'mu wife, old woman 26.6; 62.55 telna'ako hare (?) 216.81 tuw- pr. back tuwul'ctxio'me-k he lay on his back 246.62 tuwuntnmuxun-e- he fell back 96.170 tuwukxo'nat diorite 106.394 to'hol charr 44.14 tu'ts!a-k! thumb -tunak- to be lean 216.95 tunwa- pr. out of, out of woods (Lower Kutenai tun-) tunwakakeswctswaq!a'ane* his two legs stuck out 228.58 ktuna'za Kutenai 254.112 -tuk!xo(1ne.) (tent) is covered 214.53 -tuq!t8- news 78.132 tuqjtsqake'ine* to tell news 250.50 tuq!tsqa'mna bird, small animal 196.121 tu'xa almost 66.30 -t.1a tent, house aa'ket.Ia'na-m tent 8.5 n'dtct.1a'Jte~k he made a tent for himself 74.34 saWmt.la'ane~ there is a tent 9.5 BoAs] KUTENAI.TALES -t!a- to knock t!axo'nne' to knock at door 202.291 tlamuxo- to drum tlawo gun 90.50 (t!a-wu) t!a\wu'mka bowstring 128.27 t/a\pes(wukna'na) a little bush 60.33 t!aptsl'nwa-s cricket -t!apts- to stick on 98.234; 252.93 t!a'tka uvula -t!ats!aneL'(ck/ne) to tramp on something 126.20 -t!anoko',(ne-) to burst by heat 96.168 -t!anukqko'1ku(ne-) to snort 168.89 t!a'nquts partridge 152.181 t!aqu'mo* netted ring 194.117 t!aqtala'mne- they talk together 278.2 -t!aqts- to hurt t!aqtsey.o'umeik he hurt his hand 26.3 (taqts-hey-Tot-meck) -t!alo'ku(ne-) to make noise 92.92 (t!a-louku-ne' t!na'mu grease 110.2 t!uk.lun'maku'tine' two seasons s- pr. along sakqaane- it lies here saq!a'n-e- it hangs sa-net.Za'mne there is a house sao-, saw- pr. there (demonstrative) sawusaqa'ane- he staid there 2.14 -sahan-, -sa*n- to be bad saha'n'e- it is bad 58.25. sathanlee'tne- it is a bad place 256.153 sa'hanlukpa'kte- he hated him 76.104 salkedsa-ndweyne he is still angry 86.26 sa'nla Piegans 52.13 -sa'n(qa)- to be tired 204.316 sak (exclamation) 226.43 -sakksake/me-k tired walking 114.109 sakd- pr. still saLkdsa-ndwe'yne- he is still angry 86.26 -sakno-'ktse-k he is starving 176.251 ksano- ktsiyenke'tsqa starving, although having a fish trap 176.251 -sen- there stands (s-n-) senk!ala-xwie'tsne- there is a door 34.4 -saq- to lie saq(qaa)- to lie down -saqqal- there 96.201; 98.240; 130.105 -saq!- leg aa'ksa'q!na-m leg 3.13 wu'saq! long leg 78.139 lusaq!a'ne- leg is cut off 28.3 -salitet- to marry 164.2. (See -halitct-) seit! blanket 1.2; 154.260 s'/n-a beaver 70.11 -smnakpa'me-k he wants to act his own way 74.30 855430-Bull. 59-18---22 337 338 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -sek- fat 50.4 -sd- pr. continuative 35.9; 40.5 su father of girl soya'pe Englishman 33.8 -soak- to be good 58.39 suk.leetjne- it is a good place 100.260 ksukuaka'te- plenty 168.80 sukunohu'se' bright red 90.71 sukuxo',me'k he took a good seat 68.62 sukud'upXane' he sees well 128.53 swa' panther 164.8 swa/q!amo salmon 176.252 -swets-. there stands swetsle./tine' there is a hill 12.2 swetsn/u'kcne' there is a stone 26.3 swen daughter 270.44 swinae'Ie sister's daughter (said by woman) swv friend (used by man to designate male friend) 222.85 -std(e'k) to stake in gambling 150.180 st!u'kual female -(stsu'm- always with qa- NOT) qastsu'mqaqa'ane' he is wise, skillful 70.38 -snemsik(qaa)- it smells of 252.104 skat relation between sister's husband and wife's brother 224.9 ske/n'ku'ts coyote 1.1 sdsken'ku-'tste-k to act foolishly 210.434 -skek- a flat object is somewhere 12.1 skekts!la'nuqle!ct flat country (=prairie) (see under flat) -skekil- a flat object is still there '82.197 sq!u'm'o~ service berry 92.104 -ts and 2.5 ts- pr. future 1.8 -tsa- to be small hutsat.anananane' I have a small house ktsaqu'na small 50.4 tsale.dtinana'ne a place is small 234.93 tsa' younger brother 70.39 tsa/hal grass 50.4 -tsamal knife 10.9 tsa'atsa grass figure representing deer 90.60 tsa'kap a spirit (?) 44.8 -tsakld- to refuse 72.2 tsa^qa partridge berry 58.8 tsaqan- pr. into a pile of things; up river tsaqa'natsq/ahe/'ne~ he stretched his hand into it 18.8 ts!!altsaqana/xe- he started up river 216.83 tsaqa'haks source of river 216.119 -tsEma'k! very, strongly tsEma'k!ke/ine to speak the truth 98.215 ts8mak!qa'ane- he is strong 180.41 tsEma'1de''utnmile. -tine" it was really hot 116.152 tsEma'k!dwu'qt!e~ the real fisher 234.98 tsiya younger brother 184.61 tsemne'xa'me'k he wants to eat more 272.23 tsetl(nana) pup (of dog) 216.92 1LoAs] KUTENAI TALES 339 -tseiteo suff. to cause 164.76 tsitsqo-m water ousel 78.113 tshn!m only 74.24 -tsen- to catch, to hold tsenk/n-e' he catches it tsenxu'n-e- it squeezes him tsemmal(qa'ane-) something happens 55.4 ts/nla shrew 128.46 tsens(ke'jne-) he did not mean it 192.44 (-kei- to say) tsenla(kate'/ne-) it looks nice 188.29 tse(ka'te-) he sees it 58.20 -tsek!- to destroy ts&'k/xane to break with teeth tsk!ke'/n-e to split with hand 44.19 tskc!e-n- pr. on one side 256.174 -tsek!maen(k/'n-e~) he makes a mistake 128.55 -tesd- to be dark 66.30 tsu sister of girl 58.11 tsu'u milk 118.170; breast 166.33 tsu'wak! fish hook 39.3 tsu'm(o'ku) bubble (-uku water) 70.25 tsout name of a dog 242.255 -tsutil- to suck 112.51 (k)tsquna'akenxa'm'u spear 80.165 -tsunok!ou- to open (rock) 238.193 tsu(k!o'une-) to pierce 264.78 tsuku(a'te-) to take 2.7 tsukokut'n-e- to take with hand 106.411 tsukuqkue'n-e- to take with hand out of water 98.212 tsukuatu'mal slave tsuk(la'ma'ne-) to comb (-la-'m head) -tsuku- to start a fire 136.221 tsuku'pqafne- to light a pipe 13.13 tsuk!na'(ne-) to invite to a feast 78.115 tsuk!oti'yal spear 80.15:3 -tsula bag aa'tsuZla bag 17.5 -tspuq!ue,- to be soft 184.47 -tska(ken)- to give 104.361 -tsk!alak branch. (See [-e]tsk!ala'k) petstsk!alakxo'Une- he chops off.a branch -tsq!ahey finger (-hey hand) -tsxa(n-e-) to talk 66.3 tsxa-malktsala'mne- to shake hands 62.73 -tsalkejl- to like 206.371 (k)ts!a7dlana'ke- a different way. (See ak/la) -ts!aqa- to rub, to oil 94.143 ts!axu'na ant 212.18 tsWn- pr. to start away from speaker 2.2 ts!Ema'k/- hard -ts!hnak- to run ts!.k- pr. to start towards speaker 152.189 ts!dq!cn~eu'pse~ it burnt quickly 68.64 340 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -ts!upna- to shut 46.29; 94.157 ts!up'na'kot autumn 100.257 ts!o'Uts!o- fish hawk ts!outs!u'q!ua fish-hawk nest 244.3 -ts!kakel- coal yu-nats!kake'Ine there is much coal -ts!qaal bark of tree huluts!qaIxo'une- I tear off bark -ts!la- pr. flat aa'kekts!Ia'nouk flat stone 64.84 skckts!Ia'nuqle/t prairie 204.309 -ts!lae*n tree qa'aki'haq!a'nqu-ts!1a'in there is a forest 86.43 n- prefix of indicative forms of all verbs beginning with an h n'- prefix of indicative forms of all verbs beginning with a vowel na this 60.21 na.u'te' girl 126.11 nao'ki!ue' the other one 68.48 (See o!k!u-) nawa'spal son-in-law, father-in-law 29.3, 4; 200.236 na"he-k birch-bark basket 58.25; 90.51 na'pit if 90.52; 226.37 -nam suff. some one (indefinite subject) nametva red paint 96.190 -nam'te-xa (?) V'apkod!una'm'te'xa he might jump to the head of tfie tent 96.200 na'mIat! a species of chipmunk 230.4 na'ata above 204.330; 212.30. (See ata-) nata'ne-k! sun, moon 13.13; 120.224 naso',ukuern chief 29.4 na'na younger sister of girl 58.14, 15 atna'na sisters 78.126 nana'atimo sisters 230.17 -nana suff. small 44.13; 55.6; 76.92 na''nkla orphan kana'nkca'qal orphan adopted by me na"ka young gopher na'ksaq master 50.25 na'lk!ayo fox 1.1 -naq- to swim 58.27 naqa- some one 268.61; 270.30 naqan- pr. probably, about 36.3; 62.71; 270.26 naqanqa'isa about three 270.26 naqa'al- pr. 62.71 na'qpouk soup 58.26, 34 a'qsa- pr. several 4.13; 88.6; 144.12, 19. (See naqa-, naqannaq!an- pr. into woods na'xane- caribou 50.1 -na1- to continue nalaqle'llek golden eagle 74.52 na'Imelt! badger 64.96, 100 nalmc/qtse- name of a hero 80.166; 84.1 nalmuwna'yi-t (nalmexna'yet) a small woodpecker 80.153, 159, 161 ne' that one 8.12; 9.13; 86.9 nctsta'hal youth 30.1; 126.11 nctsta'ha~lq!ik!a'nma~t youth about to marry BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 341 netsna'pku moose 10.7; 11.5 n/'nha'ks there is water 86.9 n'/nko thou 44.28; thine 29.14 -neyax- to send for some one 72.6 net/le' shade 66.26, 41; 116.152 nilo'uquat doe 88.3 n/lya'p mountain sheep 168.72 na/tuk!up antelope 244.2 ne/tse-k buffalo bull 60.1, 5, 17 nt/'ko iron, money 52.6 ndko'lts!ap arrow point of metal 106.383 n/'Iksaq porcupine nebamyu~"wat! snail niip/k!a manitou 5.1; 94.134; 224.9 nu'm*a thunder 74.48 -nu'm*ok! cliff 2.4; 84.52; 278.118 -nut- to pursue 15.15; 26.8; 58.22; 60.19 -notskekinotxon/le-k there is a rattling noise 146.74, 75 -(nohos)-, nos- red 78.135, 147; 90.71; 96.190 -nusu'k!po-n place with scattered trees 72.74 aa'kLnusu'k!po n nu'ku(ey) stone 60.7, 27; 94.142 -nukLcu- in compounds 60.8; 64.83; 88.19 -no-kak rib 80.189 -(nokui)ts!menawes'nokuse'te- they dragged them 168.59 (also 248.11; 250.35, 38) nuktsa'qlei hummingbird (k!uktsa'qteiZ pointed eye) nuktsnaq!a"nka-m snipe 184.31 nu'k.louku elk fawn -(nuk!u)hun'onyilnu'k!4ne' I know how to get it. (See 98.217) -(nok!uen)- to get out (to open) 76.72 -nuqa'ko, pitchwood 168.69; 266.36 -nuqaa'kLnUqle'et prairie 55.6; 180.39 -nuqu- to smoke 266.3 -eknoquku- to smoke a pipe (= to eat smoke) 62.40 -nuqka- to go up, to rise 66.21; 68.43 ktsdmeltilnu'qka moon (ý the one going up at night) 68.55 yu-wa kmnuqka'n ve he went up on high 66.8 -nuqlum- white aa'kmtnuqlu'nuk white stone 88.13 kianuqhu'mna rabbit kianuqlo-q!u'lokp bumblebee (= white end) nuqlu'klue-n loon -noqlum- to break 90.60, 63 -nug!- (?) knu'q!lam' long-haired one (Chinaman) -nuq!laa'~knuq!la-nu/k!ue-n sharp, flat stones 96.191 -nuxu- to fly 212.29; 214.70; to run away 80.165 kaInu.u'kna-m a race 1.6 342 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -nul-nulk!o- to aim, to stab 68.63; 80.159 nawetsnulxUo'Une he stood ready to pound 96.192 nu^"la old man nu''a'qana husband 84.32; Frenchman 34.1 -nulmak marrow 64.101 -nma- to carry qalsanma'xo' one who carried three la'aimaxo',ne~ he carried two 188.40 (aim < as-nm) -nmakut year -nmiyet day "-nmituk river 8.3; 80.190; 86.10 -nmuku- to boil something 266.7, 8 -nmok! cliff. (See -num-ok!) -nmu(xo)- to pile; to throw many things 82.201; 118.195; 130.68 -nk!un- to point qainank!une/'ne' it was pointed that way 180.55, 56 -nqo- (?) frame of tent -nqowa feathers 86.18; 98.208 k.lunqowa'"xo feathers coming off 98.213 -nq!a- point 9.7; 14.3; 62.56, 57 -nq!oko- fire 80.186; 128.57; 136.233; 266.13 -nl/,kxo' kianle'kxo- woodchuck k- prefix of participle and interrogative 5.4 k- pr. coming, motion towards speaker. (See ak-, ts!ek-) ka- pr. my 58.14 -ka- to take la-upkak!o'une- he took it out of fire 2.7 kupka'anqo'- what he had taken out of water 130.98 -ka suff. some one (indefinite object) 92.92 tsxanatka'ane- she told some one 268.64 -ka- arrow 15.6 n'aimaka'ane- he had two arrows 68.59 (< n-as-nma-ka-ne') kad (exclamation) 228.92 kaa where 96.186; ka'a 78.129 -kamal corral skekeskama'l there are two corrals ka'min I 44.37, 38; 78.139. (See ka- my) kamina'Ia we, our 70.11 "-ka'mt- belt aa'ka'mtam somebody's belt -kat(e-) to look tseika'te- he sees n'cse'kateine' it looks terrible 90.42 koa'^qaka'te- how do I look? 92.117 namak tsa'akat.letetdne"ne- it looks yellowish 66.15 sukuakateine- plenty 92.100 katikak/esaq! Blackfoot Indians ka'tska-ts a bird, yellow breast and gray wings 78.126 kanq!usqwe'lkak mallard duck 19.8, 10 ka'kiyaxa'kukp Rattling-Claws (a name) 256.175 ka'ake*n wolf 194.81 kak!a'akit/ Hare Lip (a name) 256.173 kaqlafle' bull moose 104.350. (See kdeq!a'e bull elk) BoAsI KUTENAI TALES 343 ka'xax turtle 160.362 -ka(xu)- to fall n'o-nikaxu'n-e- it fell down 96.196 kaxu'lo-k goose 17.10 kala'wo'k thorn bush (?) ka'tawt shrew 130.68, 86 ka'alka ghost -kej- to say qake/ne- he said so 1.1 slutsk/mene- he lied 23.2; 58.38 kia'wa-ts fool hen, grouse (?) 17.1; 218.3 kiapt!aharnetsq!ahai'na-m little finger kiapt!aha'nlukp claw 25.2 kianu'kxo goat 86.23 kianuqlu'mna rabbit 55.1 kianuq!u'lupq bumblebee kianq!al(na'na) two-year-old buck 226.11 kian/e'k!xo' woodchuck 92.96 kiakqa'1ouk a hawk, sp. (?) 70.5 (kiaqka'Iok 42.3) kiakla'aal something tied together (?) kia'kxo fish 118.182 kiaq!nukEua-'t golden eagle 42.1 198.207 kiaq!aku'tats sparrow hawk 192.54, 76 kia'q!Ia duck 98.210 (kia'qla 19.13) kiyu'kmul digging-stick 52.11 k1?timuk! white clay -k s- dual lkamukur'ste-k two children 9.10,13 n'anakesxa'mne' they two went out 9.9 kmnwdkesqlI,'ne- you have big eyes (hmn-wd-k.s-qId-ne-) -kitsecntakitsxo'ne he chopped it off close to edge 33.9 qaankitsxo,'ne- he chopped along 33.11 -kits tent pole aa'lkets tent pole -ketsqa fish trap 176.253 -kets!xa to gnaw (-qa with teeth) 274.39 ksano'ktsiynke/'tsqa they are starving with their fish trap 176.251 -km suff. with hand 188.11, 16 tlapts!ak'/ne' he stuck it on 188.26 ksaana'aki-n bad gambler 150.157 kendzodz (King George) Canadian -kn(dwiy)- to think about something kinetwi'ytik he thinks about it 68.1 silkinilwiyteya'ate- he is thinking about it 68.2 -keik- to cook 42.37, 38 -kik- to make noise, to puff, to howl 146.55, 64; 218.125 (-kak- 146.57) n'anmuqkupnoxoine-lkekwakeme-k she ran out howling 11.8 (n-an-mu-qkupnoxone-I-kek-wa-keme-k) ltkekinoku-'1ne' without noise of stones 256.157 (let-kek-noku-dr-ne) -kiknaqa'nkikqa'me-k he jumped sideways 170.106 -kel- (with demonstratives yakd-, haked-, 8akd-, qaked-) -Edhaq!anqots!%a'en thicket 76.81, 90 (-tsllaeCn tree) ya'ald'ana'mke. when they had been hunting 82.12 344 BUMREAU OF AMERICA1N ETHNOLOGY B LBUL. 59 -k.e- plural hunakewesqawala'ane we stand Mlcku'lka pemmican 196.146; 208.396, 397 kedq!a'1e bull elk. (See kaq!a'le- bull moose) -ko- suff. fire q!apklu'pse- everything is burnt 174.195 naq!ako'une- it is burning 174.194 t!anoko'U(ne*) it burst by heat 96.168 ko'o tent site 122.29; 266.5 -kup- raw ke'lko-p raw, purple lu'pei owl 58.7, 9 ku'po-k! black woodpecker -kumal- to be bloody 208.403, 405 ko's pipe 154.230 kEu'sto-l whistle 256.164 lko'ukoo toad 76.92 ko-kt mother's sister 58.13 ko-dli'dlus butterfly 16.13 -kulkulwiya'tUne- left-handed 74.37 kwe'se' food 134.185; 166.22 -kiyukpuktse(te') to initiate, to send a boy to get manitou power 146.91 -kEpa(me-k) to wait nawetskpayate'Ine* he was waited for 116.141 (n-hawits-kpa[ya]-tel-ne-) -kpuk! backside 18.7; 64.87 ktuna'xa Kutenai (perhaps k-tuwun-axe going out to valley; modern Kutenai would be ktu'na-m) kiEtse'tsqa-1 spruce ktske'q!a prairie chicken 200.239 kqla'laxa 'Itsin horse 52.5, 14 (= elk dog) -kq!owas(xo)- to cough laqa'oxalktkEq!owasxoneyike'me-k he came back there coughing 166.12 (la-qaoxalk-kl!owas-xo-ney-ke-me'*k) -kqlu- to laugh qakq/u'n-e* he laughed thus 156.301 welkckg!u'n e- he laughed aloud 132.127 Y.la'wla grizzly bear 2.9, 12 -k.Zaqanan- to fight 106.407 -kE.Ie name 74.30; 226.16 -k.ltenq!o- to play, toy 52.91 90.71; 98.219 -k.Mu town, village 62.59; 74.24 hakae.lo'kue' those in the town 70.11, 39 -k.le- to divine sa'kelk.1u'kmul used for divination 184.66 -ku water, fluid (compare -qu IN WATER) n'utjme'5lkne- water is warm 60.28 ya~kno9sckle- where there is red water 78.150 klayu'kua hat 254.107; 260.12 -klapal- to listen 170.122; 182.30 kVapaltrlelk he listened 160.13 -k!a(men) hole 23.10, opening. (See words beginning with -kla and -klala) n'ltkEame'jne- he made a hole 226.12 -klamna valley 14.12, 13; 254.116 BoAs] KUTENAI TALES 345 -k!asta'akak nostril -k!a(no'uko*) sharp (stones) 82.25 -k!anqo*t smoke hole 9.12 -k!aak lair of a deer, hole (?) 126.4, 5 -k!aqayt snowshoes 128.45 -k!aqlahal swamp 72.65 -k!ax(meck) ts!enha'q!mak!arxne'kse' he struck him suddenly 70.47 -l!alakak navel aa'kalaka'kna-m navel aa'kouk!ata'ak!e-s his back 240.230 -k!alaxapak- berry patch ske'ke1'welk!ataxapa'kse- there is a large berry patch 184.50 -kalaxaekp anus 25.1; 26.2 -k!alaxawuet doorway 144.48; 166.26 (-k!alaxweet 34.4) -k!aleet large river aak!dle'et Kootenay River -(k!a)lma mouth 96.167, 168 --k!almukwa'e-t light 186.86; 266.42 tsaak!aatmi'yitna'na a little light (shining) through a hole 238.192 -k!aalmo-k hoop 146.58, 59 k!/k!oum' a fish with large head and thin tail 78.123; 226.33 -k!o- suff. with point 2.7; 72.16 - k!u"mtsak(s) shell 192.53 -k!umna- to be poor k!umnaqaqa'ane he is poor 42.15, 16; 110.33 k!u'sti-t! larch -k!on nose (of man) -k!unkak bill, beak, nose (of an animal) 70.16; 96.197; 164.84 k!u'qune- lynx (= short face) -k!pou'kam root 11.12 -q(a) suff. with knife lu-qual4'8ne- it was cut off 28.1 (= it was deprived of it with a knife) tusa4!qa'lne- his leg was cut off 28.3 (Iu-saq!-qa-I-ne-) ga- not 3.3, 5.11; 144.33, 35 qa- thus qake'ne hd said thus 1.1 qaq'aane' he is thus 4.5 qalo,'Jlne' he cried thus.19.7 qalwe'ynel he thought so 62.69 qa- pr. along qaosaqa'ane- he staid 5.14; 9.15 qaka-nk!on/'Ine- he pointed at them hither 254.119 agqaInank!on/'Ine- he pointed at them thither 192.41 yaaqanakdehaqwu'mke- generations 68.2. qanalwa'ts!ne' they play along 70.19 qaknu'te* he came pursuing her 64.105 qakal'akanoxonu'kune it came flying out 224.107 qa ckdhaqa'ne- it is right along there 92.88 -qa- to be yunaqa,'ne' there are many 1.5 t8Emak!qa'ane- he is strong 180.41 -qa.ikEt!uwu- (see also [cket!uwoj) to be nine aaixo'ktse-k he plays ball with bat. (See qay- to roll) 346 BUREAU OF AMVERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 qao-, qaw- pr. there (demonstrative) 48.8 qaosaqa'ane- he staid there 2.4; 6.6; 14.13 qaoxa,'e- he arrived there 2.6; 15.8 qooxal'etke'n-e just there he made it 6.11 qawakal/t'kine' he comes to his own tracks -(ha)qay- to roll 196.130; 210.466 tsxathaqayeqa'me ek he will roll himself 52.2 (ts-xa1-ha-qay[e]-qa-me-k) qayaqa- pr. through 7.15; 74.59 qayaqa'wo half, middle 8.8 qayaaqa'la-m yearling buffalo calf 196.124 gaha- pr. along -qaps- pr. like qapsqaqa'ane- it is like (it) 198.204 sedqa'psqakesqIe'ne- his eyes were like - 194.90 (seI-qaps-qa-kes-qelI-ne ) qa'psin something, what 66.35 90.34 -gat tail 126.7 qatyuwa-kaq!alqa'tine' he put the tail up quickly 188.29 (qaul-yu-wa--kaq!aIqat-ne*) qatal- pr. can not. (See qa- not, tal- can) qataltsxa'n-e- he can not speak 70.38 -qa-twumlaat shirt 82.25 qas- pr. alongside of 80.175 -qas- to break to pieces qa'sx ne- he bit a piece off 48.10 (qas-x-ne-) qasnenqa'me-k he cut himself to pieces 74.26 (qas-nen-qa-me*k) qaspel'oiku crane 84.37 qa'snal shield 192.57; 202.277 ga'skl!o male -qasl'oq!wek to be disappointed 130.74 -qats- to come from a place 66.35; 86.8 qa'tsuk fresh meat 230.12 qan- pr. along there qa'na',e' he went along 60.2 qanla'Ite- " he struck it 3.11 -qan- plural 222.98 wuqanmitu'kEne* rivers are long (wu-qan-nmituk-ne*) tjnaqanxa/'mne- they went in 72.58 -qa'k.lek- he was named thus 88.13. (See -kle-) -qaqas- to stop 62.36, 66 qaqaske/ne' he stops -qa-noxunuk- a creek is somewhere 274.41. (See qa- along) -qalqalqa'atse- he went around in a circle 60.3 kuqa"hal'alkqasts I who walk about 240.220 qa'la somebody 60.20, 92.90; who? 72.57, 248.3 qa'la-n- whoever 70.34 qala'k'ne-s straight upward 214.73 qalaen just 76.86, 87 (qa'a5len 44.12) (qalt) child 136.235; 160.358 aqa-'t!e-s his child 42.34 alaqa't!e-s his children 70.35; 92.111 n'asqa,'te- she had two children 66.33 -qalsa- to be three 60.5; 250.24 qalsaqa'Ite- he has three children 34.1 BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 347 qe-'na (qc'n'a) behold 98.242; 170.135; 252.71 qo- there, that 14.12, 13; 15.11 -qu suff. in water. (See -uq) nonaqu'nWe- he fell into the water 8.10 -qupal spruce cone 260.1 aa'qu'pal spruce cone -qumlas(To)- to jump 126.6; 156.285, 291 -quta'l ax 15.10 aa qu'ta-l ax qu'stIt! trout 39.1, 6 qun- pr. contact qunya'xane- he touched it 60.1; 76.67 qo-na'xe' he visits 74.57 qunatsa'a/ane- he poked him 122.48 qurna1kenxamu'n-e- he stabbed him with it 114.99 qo'1ka*n' come! 60.21, 27 -qok!am beaver's house 130.91, 104, 105. (See -k!a[me'] hole) qo'kue-n raven 74.17; (qu'kEe-n) 212.1 -qoquat nest qu'qouq swan qoqu'ske- bluejay 72.59 -qoqu'n(te-) to do something on purpose 192.44 -qoquts!auaskekqoquts!aia'/ne- it lay there wet 134.190 -qoq!okul- black kamqoq!o'kul black (-quxma-) gray aa'quxma'nuk gray stone 88.19 -quluk!pko stump 126.3, 4 (in derivatives -quluk!pkup-) -quwaa(te*) sukcqwa'ate- it has good hair 204.327 -quwat ear kuwe\qwa/t!e`'s mule (= his big-ears) 190.7 -qsa- to go, to move (?) qsama'Ine- to go together 126.2; 134.154 qsakolo'ne- to dip -qsala nose 11.7, 9 aa'kuqsa'la nose 11.11 -qanuk8- to crawl 86.25 -qkup- quickly 3.4; 12.3, 10; 70.41 -qqa'tse- he goes about 58.2, 3. (See -qa*ts-) -qga- (perhaps better -k1a, from -k- towards speaker) Iao \nilaqqaqku\plat/Ine he struck again from underneath 70.44 (la-o-n-?(a)qq:a-qkup-IaI-te-I-ne ) tsxalyaqpa-IZalta'pse- will strike from each side 156.278 (tsWal-ya-qTa-lal-tapse-) -qla(te%), qla(ken)- to skin 168.58, 59 -qla-ln'ectkekqla'1aqa-,'tse- he went way around 4.10; 7.14 -qle* horn 3.10; 14.3 aa'ku'qle- horn 3.10; 62.56 -qid eye 46.29; 94.153, 158 aa'kaqke'eis his eye 58.18 -qlupin young tree 120.11; 126.14; 166.38; 188.19 348 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 -q!a- plural ats!mdq!aluk1pucka'm'e-s his grandfathers 72.60 kaq!ak!o'nest my saddles kaq!aca'ko' my traps kaq!aka'ma-lt my corrals q!awa*ts!e/nme*k he was out of breath 60.19, 25; 74.25; 94.136 -q!awuka- to scrape, to cut tobacco kq!awu,'ka-1 plug tobacco -q!aha- q!a- to hang, 180.35, 45 -qla- to break q!apo'une' it is broken 126.3 q!axomu'n-e- he chopped with it 128.35 -q!ap- all, entire (before suffixes) q!a'pe- all 20.10 q!apku'ne- he was burnt entirely 20.10 q!ap:a'me-k he ate himself entirely 82.10 (q!ap-Ta-me*k) q!apil- all, entire (before independent verbs) 84.7; 94.143 q!a'pqa-1 kingfisher 9.5, 7, 8 -q!an- to hang 166.29. (See -q!aha-) -q!an- flat, spread out qa\oxal'etq!anktkqa/ane he lay down there quietly 120.232 aagq!ana'kana-m knee yu-wesq!a'naik Knee-Cap (a name) 70.40 skekq!ano'ukune' it is flooded haq!anvuqlec'tke- where there is a level place (on a hill) 16.3 qaq!a\nmoqts!enmuk1cne- there was a flat prairie 154.245 aa'q!anquts!la'en thickly-wooded place 72.71; 76.81 qayaaqawaaq!anq!le'ne he made a mark in the center 198.183 -q!anquqwat- round naqlanquqwatqa'ane- it is round -q!anlupxamako- there is a lump, excrescence, on surface 252.64, 69 -q!akpa(melk) to forget 50.19; 82.196; 114.89; 206.356 -q!akpa(kit) to kill by striking 70.34; 74.25; 250.60 -qlax- to tie up (for shamanistic performance) kq!axna'mnam some one who is tied up 52.1 -q!al- to stretch out 3.9 qal'&!naqkupq!alsaeqine- he stretched his leg out quickly 84.61 n'a'kaq!alke/'ne he stretched it out 200.234 (n-a*-ka-qlal-kcr-ne ) -qlalekak- eyebrows 78.128, 130 qlauk.le./'tned noise stopped 256.185 (-luk-le.t-ne-) -q!eyet nakq!eye/t-ne- they talked 74.41 -q!o-mal to be dirty 27.6 (?) 3kekqguma'lne' he lay (there) dirty 134.190 q!u'me a fish sp. 76.65 -q!u'mne-- to sleep 66.21 q!u'tsaat8 chipmunk 46.20; 58.1 -q!utse',(te*) to tickle 160.377; 236.156 q!oukoxa'mek. he made a fire 80.186, 187 qluntka- pr. around 256.159 q!untkalhawaso'me-k he sings going around 52.13 -q!uwma fleshy 190.7. (See -xma) la'letq!o'\:masa'q!,ne~ he also had no flesh on legs 272.25 kla'k/lan aqlo'xmale'et different kind of tree (?) 190.1 soAs] KUT1ENAI TALES 349 q!u'lwaa rose hip 7.1 -q!yu- top (?) aa'kuq!yuk!abaxwe'et doorway 94.147 aa'qanq!yum/n-a hillside 94.135 wa'kaq!yule.e/tke' end of mountain 136.217 qa-witsq!ayuae.x't.ne* top of mountain 226.16 -q!wiya(te.) to swallow k!unuq!uwiya'te' he swallowed him 86.46 -q!ma- lightly wu'q!maxo'gne- he touched it lightly 146.55 wo'q!umaane-k/t-e- a little while sq!ma-'wi tsIenq!a''"tse' it stuck out a little 252.78 -q!nu- to climb - wa q!anu'n-e' he climbed up 214.55 nu-tqanka-qoq!unu'ne- he climbed across the water 8.8 -q!nuk lake aa'ku'q!nuk 76.99; 78.112 kwe'lq!nok a big lake 74.33 -q!nukua-t golden eagle 17.10 kiaq!nu'kuat golden eagle 198.170 -q!ejI stripe, mark 208.406 kqayaqa'wuha'q!Iil middle stripe 224.125 -xa- suff. with teeth, with mouth q!a'pxene- he ate all 64.89; 84.32 kawe'tsxa standing biting 94.158 sukuaxane'ise- it tastes good 272.14 -xa- to put, to place n'oqoxakt'n-e- he put it into it 76.106 Iao-qoxaad'mne- he went back aboard 152.218 xa uncle (father's brother) 88.25; 94.138 Ta'pej camas 11.1 -Tama- light (?) letx maqa'ane it is heavy 272.7 -xat(kenuku)- to save xatke'n-e- he saved himself 214.50 Tatlnu'kune- he was saved 68.71 xatkinuku'/n-e' he saves him -atkax'niyatu'mal reciprocal relation between parents-in-law and children-in-law, intermediate relative dead xa*tsa uncle (mother's brother) -a'atsa- to be four 62.68 kxatsa'nmi'yet four days 250.26 xatsen- pr. both xatsmnqawa't!ne both ears xa'tsmndtsukua'te' he took both 28.9 -xanxo (-a'nxo?) to overtake 3.10;a'Vas skunk 23.12; 230.2 -.a(xe-) to reach kyua'~xam' one who reached the top 74.32 qaoxaxa"mne- they reached there 76.71 -Tal- pr. future, always with ts- (tsxal-) 76.75; 84.33 -xal- suff. with saw ýaa(e-) child 84.33 Jale'/ne, O child! 102.332 paxna'leZ nephew, iiece (sister's child, said by woman) 350 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 Ta'altsin dog 60.11; 164.2; horse 190.14 -xo- suff. with back, with body, by striking pesxo'unu put me off! 2.4 nalxo'une- he carried him 2.2 qanaltsEqan'me'nxouqa-'ne- he flew into it 96.168 qakilaq!maxoka'ane* he scared them 136.227 Tun- pr. into fire (pun-qu into water) xunakine'lne- he was thrown into fire 37.13 xunmetqu'lne- he throws it into water xunmetqule'ne- it was thrown into water 23.5 xma ought 26.8; 76.85, 93 -xma flesh 42.37; 96.171 aa'kaxmala'na-m flesh -1- suff. passive pesxo'lne- he was put off 2.4 -I- suff. object qaklcIne- he said to him (qa-ke-1-ne*) 1- pr. evidently, must be k.sa'lkq!nuk it must be a lake 72.12 ta- pr. again, also lalo'use- again there is nothing 64.90 lao'k!ue.e'se- one more 88.56 -la-- back, in turn 2.10 la'a outside 226.51. (See la'la-k) k.lalaha'quwom they were outside 200.226 lawi'ya'l huckleberries 184.51 la'wo female elk 21.1 laps- pr., lapsil- pr. again 60.25, 31; 148.117 lam' a switch for stringing fish, twig (?) 9.9, 10 -la'm head aa'k. la'"ma'm head 78.143 -la(mal) blanket 264.67 stama'lne* it is a blanket 204.342 n'anuxo 'nlatimo'me-k he shook his blanket 174.209 -latiyil- pr. always n' Yo! uean atiy Itsha\qaiyemolxonal titmolne at once he was always rolling about 70.42 n'upsla't.yil'c'kjne- he was always eating -atgeqkat(ken)- to go to get n'uk!latcqkatke/n e' he went to get one 118.194 -lat! arm 180.55 la'tuql duck 70.6; 80.180 la'tsine- the other side 162.28; 236.131 Ia'n' moccasin 224.5 la'n*a come! 62.38; 240.220 ia'nta rear part of tent, back of fire; outer side of tent, at bottom, all around 97 sla'tiyil'a\n taqanaqna'kse' he always sat with back to fire 88.32 la'q!a part of tent near door 1aq!anxo'na-1 door 94.146; 96.196 Ialaq!aqa'ne- he choked while eating -tax- to complete Iaca'qol he arrived at water 268.12 k.Ialaxa'Ikin one who carried it back 194.111 la'xa bed 198.199 BOAS] KTJTENAI TALES 351 laxlo.w'mal widow, widower la'tla"k outside -lal(te') to strike qanla'dte' he struck it 15.5 qaoxala'lte~ he hit it there -leh&t(te") to say "yes" -le.ct weather, country 16.3 yesle./t.se- there is a mountain 46.2 sahanle.x'tne- it is bad weather 66.18 let- pr. without letqawu'mne~ it is empty 72.62 letu'kune- there is no water letkuma'lne~ it is not'bloody -litet clothing aa'k.Iit/'tje's your clothing 244.20 suk.litetne~ good clothing 244.39 -litcttse'kalitl/tne~ he looked around 60.13 hun'oulitetne I know a place l/ese' paddle 228.96 -leits- to sleep kuwel'e'ts sound asleep 144.44 skck.leitsne~ he lay asleep 144.42 n'askik.le'itse' two were asleep 216.106 -Len pr. may 250.30 henlen'oute" you may want it 64.107 le'ne- on the other side 100.281; 226.34 -ek foot aa'k.e'kna'm foot, tracks 24.8 qanaqglkxane' he kicked it 24.3 -Lek- noise (?) qa'atskek.lecnatetine' he made noise inside 58.24 lo'u awl 37.4 lou fir lu- nothing lu'n'e- nothing 3.2 lu,'nte- he made it nothing 98.233 luqkupqsala'ate~ quickly he cut off the nose 11.7 -lu snow a' ck-lu snow lu- other side, far side k.luha'kqlnuk lake on other side 162.56 k.lohanets!Wa'e'n tree on other side 236.131 lu/n'o beyond, far away 72.61 loa'q!mawesqa'ane' he jumped a little to the other side 94.155 luma'yet springtime 100.258; 180.45 lunrat!e- brother-in-law, sister-in-law (all kinds), intermediate relative dead, 72.1; 76.69 Lu'kpu~ buffalo cow 29.2, 7 louk!u wood 128.35; 130.99 -luk!pukats!mdq!aluk!puka'm'e's his great-grandfather 72.60 -luk!mo- to roast 128.50 luk!moxa'me'k he roasted it 82.7 luqua- (see lu- other side, far side) luqualitxo'u'ne'k he lay down the other way 94.151 352 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 luquen*ko- to melt 184.42 tsEma\k!il-oquenkU'pse* it melted strongly by heat -Iwey mind, heart 60.14; 132.144 k!upqalwi'yte- one who knows mind 132.144 -Inohous star 17.9 k!agsaIno'ho's how many stars? Ika'm-u child 17.9 lkamne"ntik children 188.45 -lq!okU- (-elq!okU-) to be in danger (?) 60.26 nulq!o'kune- he is wise ENGLISI-KUTENAI aboard, he went back lao-qoxaxa"mne- (see -xa-) about, probably upLn- pr. naqan- pr. about three naqanqa,'sa above ata- pr., na'ata across alqan- pr. (over a high object) wat!- pr. he climbed across the water nuwlqanka-qoq!lunu'ne (see -q!nu-) he kicked him across wat!me'te-ken-e' (see wat!-) he went across qanalwat!a'xe- (see wat!-) act, to -ite*ki (see -dt-) to act foolishly sclsknku-'tsteik (see ske'n-kuts) he wants to act his own way -sLn-akpa'me-k afraid, to be -ond-, -pctsqahe is afraid pctsqalwe'yne- (see -petsqa-) again la-, laps-, lapsil-, pr. again there is nothing lalo'ase- (see la-) aim, to -nulk!o- (see -nul-) alive wunmana'mu all, to be -o-ke(e-)all (before independent verbs) q!apil- (see -q!ap-); (before suffixes) -q!ap-; q!a'pe' (see -q!ap-) almost tu'x a along s-, qa-, qaha-, pr along there qan- pr. he went along qa-nal'e- (see qan-) it is right along there qa-'kelhaqa'ane- (see qa- pr.) they play along qanalwa'ts!ne* (see qa- pr.) alongside of qas- pr. also la- pr. always -latiyil- pr. he was always eating n'upsla tiyil'e'kine- (see -liatiyil-) at once he was always rolling about n'o'lk!unla'atiye'ltsha'qaiyeimo'xonaltitmo'lne (see -latiyil-) American (= Boston) pd'sten and -ts angry, he is still sa'kelsa-ndwe'yne- (see -sahan-, -satel-) animal, small tuq!tsqa'mna ankle aa'kwi'tsa-k ant ts!axu'na antelope ne'ltuk!up antlers aa'q!a'leanus -klalaxekp, aa'kl!ala'ckp anvil a'g'qanuk BO AS] KUTENAI TALES 353 apart pa~ts- pr. Apocynum cannabinum aa~qola'qpe-s (see aaqo.,la'qpele) approaches, he nutsa,'xe (see -huts-) Aralia nudicaulis aa'kleoule C arise, to -uwolcuarm a'aic.la-t!, -Zat! he moved his arm wanla't!ne- (see -wan-) arm above elbow aa~kenlu'Imen (see also FOREARM) armpit aa~qaxaple.la't!na~m around q!untka-, aleamen-, qal-, pr. arrive, to w- pr. he arrived at water 1axa'qo1I (see -lax-) he arrived there qaoxa'xe- (see qao-)* he arrives wa,'xe (see w- pr. and -axe-) arrow -lea-, aaie! he has an arrow nakaa'ne- (see -ha-) he had two arrows n'aimaka'ane- (see -lea-) arrow point aa'kenq!a'qa (of metal) ndlko'5ts!ap (see nr'lleo) arrow wood a,'a'k!woic (see aalcl) Artemisia discolor, frigida a~kenule.luxona'lca C; used for headache aa~leuc0k.laixuna'ate't C me~dicine made of aq'kenuk.luxokona,'ala awu'mo C (see aa~kenuk~luciona'la) ashamed, to be -halnulepashes aaleuqmo'leo-, J" luq!m&/leo-, -oko ashore up- pr. asleep, sound kuwrle'-es (see -leits-) he lay asleep skkleeleietsne- (see -leits-) two were asleep n'asleil.le'itse- (see -leits-) assembled, they were (qa)haqowu'm'neautumn ts!up'na'leot away hosan- (hesan-), Wehn-, pr. he ran away no-sanoxunqa'ane- (see hosan-) awl 1o'U awoke, he naq!male'itsne- (see -haq!ma-) ax aa~qu'taI1, -quta-I back. tuw-, man- pr.; -la-- he fell back tuwun.enmuxu,'n-e (see tuw-) he lay on his back tuwul'tx~o'umele (see tuw-) he looks back lamanwetsleileclne- (see man-) back a'&k.Iale, -lealaeale, a'kouklala'alena-f with back -xo- stiff. backside a0'q!u,'lulp, aa'kec'kpuk!, -lepule! bad, to be -sahanit is bad saha'n-e it is a bad place sa'hanlee'tne- (see -sahan-) badger na,'Ime-t! bag aa~tsu*'Ia2 tsula, aa'leaI, aaklula'ko (?) C ball, he plays - with bat -qaixo'ktsele bark of tree aqlee'ts!qaIl, -ts!qaal I tear off bark huluts!qalxo'5ne- (see -ts!qaal) bark for canoe a'aklwo-k, a'a~ea-m C Barnard, B.C. aa~ku',nole C 855430-Bull. 59Q-18A-23 354 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 basket, birch-bark nal'helk spruce-bark aa'qu'q!wuk bat ala'k.to-m' bathe, to na'qtse-k (see -haq,-) be, to -qa-, -ha-, -cnthere are many yunaqa'ane, (see -qa-) beak aa'k!u'nka-k, -k!unkak bear, black, one year old a'qtow beard aa'kuq1o-1axa'na*m beaver sfrn*ayoung beaver mo'q!unebeaver dam aa'q!ankrctsqa beaver holes in water, beaver's house aalqo'k!a-m, -qok!am because o'k!quna become, to -enqa'pte-k (see -en-) bed la'xa, aa'qandcknatetxai'yam behind antsu-, it-, pr. behold! qe-'na belly a'a'kwum, -wum belly swells up -hutkawumakohis belly is big welwumne, (see -wum) below um(e) pr., ya'wo belt a'a'ka-mt, -ka-mtbend in river a'kcekqlatanmi'tuk berry aa'kuq!Ie'et (see also service berry, strawbe'rry, etc.) partridge berry tsa'qa berries of Philadelphus Lewisii aa'kuno*'kyo-k C berry, a, sp. (?) ma'xa berry cake al'ketstaq!o/'na berry patch -k!alaxapakthere is a large berry patch skckel'weck!aaxapa1kse- (see -k!alaxapak-) bet, to -ctet/t(e-k) (see -ct-) beyond lu"n-o (see lu)big, large -wel(qa-) -wit (qa)his belly is large welwu'mne- (see -wum) Bigelovia graveolens aa'kcnuk.luona'ka C bill, beak -k!unkak birch aa'kowa'lwo-k bird tuq!tsqa'mna "a small bird, yellow at tip of feathers, with tip on head we'suklu "a bird, yellow breast and gray wings ka'tska-ts "a small, gray bird, living on lake shore wetswe ts "a small, gray bird aa'kikaku-kwi'et C "a small, gray bird aa'kcnuq!u2toona'tt, aa'kecnuk.lohona'te-t C "a medium-sized, gray bird aa'kenukota'teck C "a black bird with white spots, size of a robin a'kclq!aluq!pwaql "a bird, sp. (?) wa'kuks biscuit aa'keno'mukna'na C bite -ct!(:a)- (perhaps et-pa to do with teeth, see -Ta) he bit a piece off qa'sxane' (see -qas-) black, to be -oqoq!u'koilblack kamqoq!o'kul (see -qoq!okul-) it is black namqokloko'ulne- (see ham-) Blackfoot Indians katbkakcesaq! BOAS] BOAS] KUTENAI TALES35 355 bladder aaickultset'ke~n, -(u)lcts.leen (of fish) aaieu'kmat C) blanket se-it!, -Ia(mal) white blanket aa~q!u'rnag it is a blanket slama,'Ine- (see.-Ia[imall) bleed from mouth, to -halnukuxublood wa" nin curdled blood ya't!aps to be bloody -hakunzai-, -1cumalit is not bloody Zetkuma,'Ine- (see U~-) blow, to -hedkupj~ouwind blows nalume'r-e- (see -hal-) wind blows a certain way qarnawetso-"me- (see -ha-) bluejay qoqu'skeboard aa'kceruq!U~ale!a'ako* body -ulakes, aa~ke'ITxo, aa'ku,'lal with body -q~o- suff. 0 boil, to -hanmulco- (see -hanuxo-), -hukoto boil something -nmukeubone -malak, male! burnt bone aa'icdq!a'notsa'ko maal! rotten bone ho' q!lea remains of broken bones aa'q!a~na-k Bonner's Ferry aa'kukpanmitu'kcxo C bonnet, war -yukeua, aa~kiyu'kwa border, square pieces forming - of root basket aa~k.Ia,'Ixo C small ornamental pieces on border of root kettle aaleutskakcilucpo,'xal C born, to be -haqa'ane- (see -ha-) both spatsen- pr. both ears xatsenqawa't!ne- (see xatsen-) he took both x~a'tserid~tsukua'te- (see xatsen-) bottle aa'1leoquwit! boughs, green -ula'l, aaieu,'Ial bow -wo0 he made a - for himself n'et'wukeune,'1eik (see -wo-) bow stave, his aak'lakwo'ute-s (see -wo-) bow and arrows aa~qol~umalelet bowstring t!a'wu'mlea (see -tVa-) braces aa7cilu'kuatspu'kna-m C brain aiqa branch (of tree) -aa'letsle!al~ale, -Qt)tske!a~ale? -tsle!alak, hie chops off a branch pctstsk!aIakcpo'une* (see -tskla--lak) break, to -q&-, -uinets-, -aqts-, -yaql-, -noq!um(a stick) -yaq(camp) -huqna(mele) (to pieces) -gas(wind) -atskup(with teeth) tse'k!x~ane' (see -tsc1k1-) she broke-it -hanu'Oqo.i-xo'u(ne.) it is broken qlaxpo'unef (see -lbreast tul (of bird) aa'lee'nhas C breast pieces of game aaiekpa'skcal breath+, he was out oAlf qacvs'rmf 356 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY, 4 [BULL, 59 bridle aa'kok!uatska'bma bright red sukunohu'se- (see -souk-), yawo'unek! brings, he - it walk/ne- (see w- pr.) brook aackenuxo'unuk brother (said by sister) al'tskeel brother, elder, tat! brother, younger tsa', tsiya brother's daughter pabrother's wife a'tsebrother-in-law (all kinds), intermediate relative dead luna'W!e bubble tsu'nm(oiku) buck wa'ma-t! two-year-old buck kianq!at(na'na) bucket a'tso buckle of belt aa'kwe/tsko- C bud aa'qu'pa*t! buffalo iya'mu buffalo bull n'lseik buffalo calf a'kenkEu'maZ yeailing buffalo calf qayaaqa'la-m (see qayaqa-) buffalo cow lu'kpu buffalo drive aa'kuqla'lackbumblebee kianuqlu'lupq, (= white end) kianuqloq!u'lo-kp (see -nuqlum-) burden of song he he ha burning, it is naq!ako'une- (see -ko-) burning food -alikwa.'ti(ne-) it is burnt on top yuhalhaq!aku/n-e' (see -hal-) it burnt quickly ts!tlq!anku'psehe was burnt entirely q!apku'une- (see -q!ap-) everything is burnt q!apku'pse* (see -ko-) burst, to -paq!amer-, -hakq!meto burst by heat -t!anoko'u(ne-) (see also -ko-) bury, to -ctetel (see -et-) bush, a - with white berries, not edible metsqo'ko-le/'Ina* a little bush t!a'pes(wukna'na) its bushes aa'ikwakua(c'se-s) but at, me'ksa'n, ma, (weak disjunctive) pal butcher, to -etk!anbutt, to -hakobutt end of branch (see aa'kukcpetk!a'la-k) C butterfly kodli'dlus calf of leg aa'kuqtck!a'Ina-m, aa'qot1 call, to -haqan(ke)to call guardian spirit -akmecamas xa'pei camp, to, over night -kciyeks/'lek can tal- pr. Canadian kendzerdz (King George) can not qatal- pr. he can not speak qataltsxa'n-e- (see qatal-) canoe yaqso'mil canoe calking a''qul (?) canoe, longitudinal strips on sides and bottom of aa'klk.luk C canoe, side strips on top of, bent aa'kow'kyu C canoe, binding strips at pointed ends of aaicunwo-k C BROASI KUTENAI TALES 357 Carex scoparia aa'ke'nskwal caribou na':panecarry, to -ninato carry meat -haq!awu-, -waq!awuto carry torches -halnuqju- (see -hal-) to carry water -halko.- (see -hal-) he carried him nalxo-une- (see -hal- -xo- suff.) he. carried two la.aimaxo une- (see -nina-) he carried it back into latnalk'n-e- (see ten-) one who carried it back k.lalaxa,'lkir& (see -lax-) one who carried three qalsanina,'xo (see -nina-) he carries in hand nalke'Inec (see -hal-) cascade aaicaxca'pqlecatch, to -tsen-, -ektstkhe catches it tsenke'n-e (see -tsen-) cattle iya'mu hoof of aa'ketsq~alu'ptak. cause -tseite su.ff. cave -ilala (?) 0 cave under water aake~lalaqu'noic cedar t'ts!na-t! red cedar aa'kok.~uplo-'lal charr to'hol cheat, to -ay-, cheek aalkiina'mail cherry aaIcc'Inaic, -elInaicI Cherry Creek aatkilkanoskowoic C chickadee inets!qa'qas chicken hawk e'nla-k chief naso'ukue-n child (galt),xa,'l(e-), Iklla'mu 0 child! xale,'ine- (see xa'l[e-j) she had two children n'asqa,'lte- (see [qalt]) he has three children qalsaqa,'lte- (see -qalsa-) chin aaicenkamtstnka',k(nain) C Chinaman Arnu'qlan'' (-long-haired one) (see -nug!-) chipmunk q!u'tsaats a species of chipmunk na,'ilat! choked, he - while eating lalaq!aqa'ne* chopped, he - along qaankitsxo,'une- (see -kits-) he chopped it off close to edge n'entakitsspo'nne- (see -kits-) he chopped with it q!axominure* (see -lhe chops off petsxo,'une- (see -pets-) he chops off a branch petstsk!alakxo'une* (sde -tsk!alak) cinch aa'kok!ua/tswuin claw -ukp, aa'akukp, kiapt~aha'nlukp (see kiapt!aharnetsq!ahai'na*m) clay, white keltin'uk! cliff -ninok!, -nu'm~ok!, aa'knt'm-ok!, aa'kuq!yu'inuk! climb, to -q!nu-, -wttsq!nu(ne*) he climbed across the water nulIqanka~qoq!unu'ne* (see -q!nu-) he climbed up wa-q!anu'n-e (see -q!nu-) clotfh ing r-)qla'vntIii k'qlfnt(see a~kuqlait),-lit 358 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 coal aa'kdt8ka'ki-1, -ts!kakelthere is much coal yumats!kake'ine' (see -ts!kakd-) coat aa'qatwu'mlat coax, to -hawc/tsnot- (see -ha-) cold -kt!klocolor terms, prefix of hamcomb, to tsuk(la'ma'ne-) come! la'na, qo'ukan' to come (?) -c(ken)- (see iV-) to come back to life -dtq!a'nxamhe came back there coughing laqa oxalXcekq!owasponeyikc/me-k (see -kq!owas[o]-) he comes back quickly wa`sdeaxa'e* (see was-) to come from a place -qatsto come together -ct!qao(Ta)he comes to his own tracks qawakcale/kne (see qao-) coming, motion towards speaker k- pr. feathers coming off k.1unqowa"'xo- (see -nqowa) complete, to -?axcone of pine, larch, spruce aa'qu'pat, -qupal contact qun- pr. to come into contact -yaxcontinuative -sd- pr. continue, to -nalcook, to -keikcooked, to boil -hukocooking-basket ye/tske corpse aa'kuqllayc/t!in corral -kamal, aa'ka'mal my corrals kaq!aka'maIt (see -q!a-) there are two corrals skekeska'ma-1 (see -kama-1) cottonwood aa'k.lu'ma*k cough, to -kq!owas(To)-, -hakqg!wasxo'ume k he came back there coughing 1aqa oxalkekq!owasxoneyike'me-k (see -kq!owas[xo]-) country amoa-k, -le.ct coup, to-count -hek!stcover, to -manto cover head with blanket -denl!omaate-k he covers it with his hand maneinee (see -hey-) (tent) is covered tuk!xo(Ine-) coyote skeniku ts cracker aa'kmenomukna'na C cradle aa'kEmk!uWnma crane qaspel'o-kE crawl, to -qanukscrazy, to be -uktman(qa)-, -hupo(qa)creek, a - is somewhere -qa-noxunukcricket t!aptsl/nwa's crosswise -maqancrown of head aa'kenqanu'qla-m (see aa'kcnqa-n) cry, to -ilahe cried thus qato/ukne- (see qa-) cut, to - hair -haq!lesakto cut tobacco -qiawukahe cut himself to pieces qasnmqa'me'k (see -qas-) KUTENAI TALES 359 cut, to his leg is cut off lusaq!qa'lne* (see -saq!-, -q[a]) it was cut off lu-qual'sne- (see -q[a]) quickly he cut off the nose Iuqkupqsaa'ate- (see lu-) cyclone aa'Mktnqan dance, to -haqwildance squatting, to -hawesk!akanarnanm (see -ha-) sun dance -hanquxol- (see -hanuxo-) danger, to be in -elq!oku-, (-Zq!oku-) dangerous, to be -hukuya(katei)dark, to be -tselit is dark -tamotu(n-e*) daughter swrn day -nmiyet, -miyet (day)light, it is -huk!ukyetidead -ipdeep, to be -ulu-, -wet!deer hoof 'aa'ketsq!alu/pta-k bunch of dew hoofs of deer aa'kdq!a'1ukp defecate, to (n')upte-k desire, to -utedestroy, to -tek1!die, to -updifferent aklla(n) a different way (k)ts!ak!lanakedigging-stick kiyukmul diorite tuwukxo'na? dip, to qsak!o'une* (see -qsa-) to dip water -ts!nyayake!o- (see -yaxdirty, to be -mats, -q!o*mal he lay (there) dirty skckq!uma,'ne- (see -q!o*mal) disappointed, to be -qasl'oq!wek discuss, to -hakq!yetdish of pottery a'tso disliked, he - it sawnek7pakta'pse- (see -tkpak[te]) disposed, to be (-ckpak[te]).distance, some - back lqa- pr. dive, to -wats!divide, to -alasdivination, used for salkedk.lu'kmul (see -Mk.Eu-) divine, to -k.Mukdo, to -ula-, -ctto do something on purpose -qoqu'n(te-) to do with a point (i. e., kill with arrow) -etk!ou- (see -ct-) doe nilo'uquat dog qa'altsin done, cooked, to boil -hukodon't! maats door Zaqlanpo'unaZl (see Za'q!a) there is a door sink!aiaxwi/tsne- (see -sen-) doorway aa'kuq!yukalaxwe/et (see -q!yu-, -k!aaxawuet, a'l!alaxuwe'et) down (away from speaker) un- pr. 'towards speaker) Oc- pr. 860 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 down, bird's aa'q!oke.lu-pqa drag, to -hanokcuei(te-) (see -ha-) they dragged them tshenawes'noke~e'te* (see [-nokui]-) dragon fly aa'kenka'mawk 0 dream aaieMetsate'yam drinking-place aaik~aku,'xa drive, to -hoyet Itto drive game -halaqanil- (see -hal-), -ha qand drown, to -upuqu- (see -up-) drum, to tVamuxo- (see -tVa-) dry, to be -mas(e.5)-, -hdluk-, -humasto dry meat -etwas(kHo)dried meat wa'tskana a piece of dried meat aakecn-vamulu'ia-k dual -kesduck lcia'qlla, la'tuq! dust storm aa1edlcnqar& eagle, bald-headed aa'kenuqlo-'la-m eagle, golden nalaqle'lde. See -q!nukeua~t, kiaq!nu'kucc't ear aa~ku'qwa~t!, aa'qu'qwat!, -quwat both ears xatsenqawa't!ne- (see xatsen-) ear ornament aa'kokptatsda'kio-, aa1c'kupma-k! early we-' na-m eat, to -iekhe was always eating n'upsla'tjyiI'e,'kjne- (see -Iatiyi1-) he eats while going petseke'Imei1e (see -pets) he ate all q!a'p.Tne* (see -xa- suff.) he ate himself entirely q~apq~a'mele (see. -qlap-) edge e'nta, aqlas, aa'q!asale eel aa'ko,'Ia-m 'C egg aaiema'q!a~n, -maqlan eight wuxa'atsa (see we-) elbow -uqtaptsele!, -taptseie, aa'lwi'tsal,kjaa~kennuqtaptse,'lcjna-m (see oaaktaptse'iknamv) elder brother tat! elk, bull kedq!a'lefawn nulk.Zlouku female Ia-wo emerges, he - again Iw-awaiemewesu'1eune- (see -wes-) it emerges n'awake!mosu'qune- (see -mu[wesu!q]-) empty, it is Zetqawu'mne- (see let-) endeavor, to -alsen(t)enemy ene/rele! Englishman soya,'pe entered, suddenly he nukeuhaq~maieekqa'anec (see -haqlma-) entire (before independent verbs) qlapil- (see qaip-), (before suffixes) -qlaphewas burnt entirely q!apkeu'une- (see -qiap-) he ate himself entirely q!apj~a'meie (see -q!ap-) entirety yes-lee the whole night yesenwunmiye'tke- (see -miyet) world, the yestee'tlee (see yes-ke-), yesleae'tske- (see -le.et) entrails a'a~quqt Epi~obium angustifolium, fireweed aa'kankome'jka C even me'leaI e.vening tRselmVI'ye (Bee-Mmiyc) a- wa.eyet17111ne (see-ye-, a'lcwaM) BOAS] no~~s] KUTENAI TALES361 361 *evidence, there is - of some one having been present -halileinaate'ti(ne-) evidently I- pr. *(exclamations) saic, ha~phohe'ha, hao'm, ha'lesa, kad, keyd, hyaw, hat-ya, he excrement aa~q!u,'le excrescence on surface, there is a -q!anlup:amalcoextinguish fire, to -hug!utslcoeye aakaqlrlna-m, -qU., bis eyes were like sedqa'Ipsqakesq~et'Ine* (see -qaps-) of needle aaiealmelet C of potato aa~kiIala'qai C eyebrow aa'qwatq!a1eka'kna-m eyebrows aa'q!atdca'knawm, -qhzlek-akeyelashes aa'kumaq~ec'Ina-m face aa'ea-qVfe, fail, to - to obtain -yukllcuakea(te-) faint, to -halaa(ne-) fall, to -ka(;u)-, -huqaxo-, takcxaxo'u(ne-), -hamaxu'kue (? he fell back tuuemx/.* (see tuw-) it fell'down n'onilkaxun e- (see -ka[xu]-) to fall into -moxun-e he fell into the water nonaqv'n-e- (see -qu) act of falling aaknenmo-'xo snow falls from trees -hupumak(ne-) far away lu'ro (see lu-), far side lu-, luquanot far qawutee,'tjne* (see -wu~qa]-) farthest, to be -yapt!afather (of girl) su, (of male) te'tu father's brother xa father's sister (said by woman) tc,'tte-t! father-in-law nawa'spal fat -sck-, aa'q!u'ta*l, aqa fat on top of tail of bighorn sheep aa'ke'nqa-t fawn aa'kenq!u'ts-ak feather aa~ienqo/,wa, -nqowa quill end of feather aak1U'kple C small feathers aa~qok.Iu'pqa feathers coming off klIunqowaI'xo (see -nqowa) feel, to -CIpO, -ukpak-, -ekpakcfemale st!u'kual fence post aa~kdq!alcu'pk!o*, aa'kotu-'xpe C field aa'kanakalmu'ko C fifth, the - day kyeikounmi',yet (see -ye,'-ku-) fifty yei1eu'nwo (see -ye' kJu-) fight, to -k.1aqananfigure, grass - representing deer tsa'atsa fill pipe, to -hulnaklofind, to,WUlCuqa- (see -wuku[at]-) finger aa'1etSdq!ahe'yrawm, -tsq!ahey little finger kiapt!aharnetsq!ahai-nawm finger -nail Cala~k~p finger ring aa'kVwatsq!a'ynawm, aa'kokc!uatsetsq!afynawm finish, to -huto finis ati ng;-hu?'eell- (see -h Int-) 362 362 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 I BULL..59 Finlay Creek aa~kak!o*s C fir Iou fire aa~kenq!u'ko-, -hanq!o~ko- (see -kanuxo-), -ko- suff., -nqloAkoto be on fire -aqlakou-, -haq!a-koo-, -haqlalckwaeti(neo) to extinguish fire -huq!utskoto make a fire -dlkointo fire xun- pr. he was thrown into fire xunakinr'lne' (see xun-) to start a fire..tsukufirebrand aaicuk!paxma'ko* fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium) aa'carnkome~ika firewood aa~koxni'yam first (to be) -hupa-, -usfish kia-'kxo "a species of fish (?) aa'kamo-kin C "a species of fish, q&ume "a fish with large head and thin tail Jk'kVoum' to fish -uqlawo-- fisher wu'qt!ethe real fisher tsEma'k4'dwu'qt!e* (see -ts~mavk!) fish hawk ts!o-'Uts!ofish line aa'kuq~a'wo fish trap aaiec'tsqa, -lcdsqa, ya-qa fish weir, wicker aa'kwu,'kxO C fist aa'1e~nuqo'yka-k five, to be -ye'i7uflapping of wings aa~1ekenqowaxoniyite-s, aa'kekqap~poniyie'es flat -qlan-, -tslla- pr. a flat object is still there -sletiilflat stones aa'kenuq!1a/anuk, aa~kets!la'nouk a flat object is somewhere -skekflat country (=:: prairie) skekts!la'nuqle'et: (see ts!Za-) flesh aa'kaxma~a'na-m (see also -xma), -ulaks, -xTma he also had no flesh on legs lalletq~o' masa'q4,ne* (see -q!u~na) fleshy -q!uxma flicker ma~aka flint aa'qa'tskofloat, to -d~qawesqoku- (?) it floats wesqu,'Ie-k (see -wes-) flooded, it is skekq!ano-'Ukune' (see -q!an-) flower aa'ktnu'q!yuk Kel. fluid -uk suff., -ku. yellow fluid an' kma'k!tsuk fly, to -nuxu-, -hanuxolie flew into it qanaIts.Fqan'mWnxouqa'ane* (see -xou-) it came flying out qakaI'akanoxonu~kune' (see qa- pr.) flying squirrel yaqa-'nla-It foam aa'qouq!l/l'up fog aaqunk!a,'Ia -k food -pets, aa'kpe'tsna-m (see -pets), kwe'sefool, to -aqnetsfool hen kiawa-ts foolish, to be -upe(qa)-, -uktman(qa)ton ctfoolishly dktk'ttkp (see ske' hOt BOAs] KUTENAI TALES 363 foot -lek, aa'k.lcknam with foot, -cken suff. foot of mountain aa'kuk!pliet forearm -taptseIc, aa'ktaptse'ikna*m forehead aa'knqa-'Ina-m forest -haq!anqots!lae-n there is a forest qa'7akihaq!a'nquts!a'in (see -ts!lae-n) forget, to -q!akpa(meik) forgotten, it is q!akpayotalne (see -payo-t-) four, to be -xaPtsafour days ka-tsa-nmi'yet (see -xa'atsa-) fox na'-k!ayo freeze, to -hut!Frenchman nu~'a'qana (see nu"'Ia) fresh meat qa'tsuk friend (used by women to designate a woman friend) -ala friend (used by man to designate male friend) swo Sfriends swuo'tmo (see -timo) fringed -haqoka'mfringes aa'qu'kam frog wa'taik from land towards water hul- pr. from water to land up- pr. frost aa'kumle't, aa'kunle'et C fruit aakuq!Ieet fruit of Viburnus opulus aatkofmofull, to be -ct!(qa)fur pa'qo/wat future ts-, tsxal-, pr. gamble, to -halwats! gambler, bad ksaana'aki-n (see -kenm) gambling-bone wo'ne' game iya'mu game, dancing in circle -henehegenerations yaaqanakelhaqwu/mke- (see qa- pr.) get, to -yaxto get (milk) -hakolto get out -(nok!uen)ghost ka'alka giant e'lka gills (of fish) aa'koquatse'qa C girl na.u'tegive, to -tska(kcn)-, -hamatto give food -hesglances, a blow - off from head wtt!qkupqo-qIam-ake'n-e gloves a'aq!aIa gnaw, to -kets!Xago, to -axe, -qsa-, dual -akekhe goes about -qqa'atse' he goes along skaxe' (see -axe*) go aheadl yu'wa to go away -halonesgo on! ho'ya to go out -aft1 a'm 364 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYBL [BULL. 69il go, to go along, to qarna,'xe- (se -qan-) they two went out n'anakcsxpamne (see -kcs-) to go together Isama,'ne- (see -qsa-) to go up -nuqkahe went up on high yu~wa-kmnuqka'n'e' (see -nuqka-) to go and get -hayazato go to get -lateqkat(len)he went to get one n'uk!Iateqkatkr'nve- (see -lateqlat[lcn]-) to go to get back -ts!.fnyaxa- (see -yax-) to go to war -wanaqana-, -anacxaka- (= to go out for something?) going at night (= moon) ktsdtmet~nu'qlea (see -miytt) going into tin-pr. he went across qana~wat!a'e- (see wat!-) he went back aboard Iao-qoxaxa,"ine, (see -xa-) they went in tinaqanxa,"mne- (see -qan-) he went out of himself (n)uqo'1eamuume-k he went way around n'etkekqIa-'iaIqa',tse (see -qla-l-) he went around in a circle qalqa/atse- (see -qal-) goat lianu'IExo good, to be -sokit has good hair sukquwa',te- (see -quwaa[te]) it is a good place suk.Iec'tine- (see -souk-) he took a good seat sukuxo'ume-k (see -soulk-) goose kaxu'1o-k white goose o u gopher ene'tska young gopher na,"ka granddaughter (of woman) te'tegrandfather pa'pa his grandfathers ats!mdlq!aluk!puka'm'e' s (see -qla-, -4uk!puk-) great-grandfather ats/mil grandmother (said by male) pa'pa (of girl) te'tegrandson pa'pa grasp, to - with beak -huq!yu'k!ougrass tsa'hat, -at suff. grass figure representing deer tsa'atsa grave aa'q!ulu'mlograveyard aac!awats!e/iko gray (-q4u-ma-) grease tVna'mu green -haqtoyet(qa)grizzly bear k.Ia'wla grouse (?) -kia'wa-ts, inut-lkegrown, to be full -hul-akle1e-, -hunmeiIak.1c-- (see -hu-) gum -'llwa' gum tree aaiktslak. lu,'a C gun t!a'wo (see -t!a-) gunpowder aaken,'Ixat C hair aa'qo'wat, aa'ku'qlain'm, aa'luq!la 'm (?) hair of head aaloolamlka'k(naam) C it has good hair sulcquwa'ate* (see -q~uwaa[tej]) long-haired one (Chinaman) krnu'q!Iarn' (see -nuql-) BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 365 half qayaqa,'wo (see qayaqa-) halter aa'kok!uatska,'Ima hammer po'po hand aak7ey, -heyhis hand aaice/ie-s (see -hey-) hie put his hand back 1a'ntaqahe'ine- (see -hey-) hie covers it with his hand mane,'ine, (see -hey-) with-hand -ken suff. to make with hand -etktfl- (see -Lt-) handle a'&q!a-n (of tin pail) a,,kolu'quats C (of tin cup) aa'1enqai kaxlukua'tse-s C hang, to -q!an-, -qlahait hangs saq!a'n~e (see s-) Hanson's Creek aa'aVkne's aa~k~nuxo'unuk C Hanson's Lake Oa'ai!ne-s a,,ku'q!nuk C happens, something tsenmal(qa!anehard ts!Rma'e!hare (?) tdlna'aleo Hare Lip (a name) kalda'aleit! hat aale.ayukwa'ana-m, k!ayu'kua hated, he - him sa-nlepakta'pse- (see -ekpak[te]), sa~hanlukpa'kte ( he felt bad) (see -sahar&-, -Lkpak [te]) have, to -ha-, -haqa'ane-, -hate- (see -ha-) I have it huna'ate (see -ha-) he has an arrow naka'ane* (see -ha-) he had two arrows n'aimaka'ane- (see -ha-) he has a bow swu'ute- (see -wo-) you have big eyes henwelkesgte,'lne* (see -kea-) to have clear eyes -haqtsheqtelhawk, a species of (?) kiakeqa,'Iou1 a small hawk aa~kenoq!ota'%ti head a'a'k.law'm, -ta*'m of tent apeo-k!U hear, to -hulpal(ne-)- (see -pal-) heart aa'kc'lwey, -Iwey, -(e)?weyheavy, to be -anek!e- - it is heavy Zettxmaqa'ane* (see lýamaa-) heel aa~kuA~e!pa - helps, hie (n')un~aqalo-qniya,'cxnehelpful, to be -ut ~pat!hide, to -et.Iatsuhill aakwitsle'et (?) C hill aa'qanq~jyume'ri-a (see -q!yu-) Hillside (a place name) aa'qanq! yume~tva hips aa'VakPa'5kpl! C hit, to -rnoxun~e he hit it there qaoxala,'Ite- (see -Iat[te-]) he hits it wuk!o-' ne (see -wu-) hoe (?) aaie.Zilkalcu'plo C hold, to -tscnit holds it by the tail nawetsqatke'ne- (see -ha-) 366 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY LBULL. 59 hole (?) -k!aak, -k!a(me'), aak!a'ame- (see also -me') he made a hole n'ttk!ameine' (see -k!a[me']) hole in ice, water hole aa'cka-k, aaV'kaq where thereis a hole in a mountain hank!amjnake- (see ha--ke') hollow place in ground aa'kckqla\lale/t hollow place in mountain side aa'ktkqlaalawuqle^t hollow place with dry timber aa'kckqla\tak!aqIu/nuk hoof of deer or cattle aa'ketsq!alu'pta'k hook aa'kuqla'wo, tsu'wak! hoop aa'k!a'almo'k, -k!aalmo-k horn aa'ku'qle", -qle' hornet aa'kapmate's yu''wat! C horse xa'altsin, kq!a',axaaljtsin (= elk dog). horsefly ene'si'n hot, it was really tSEmakle'1'utimI'le.'tine' (see -tsEmaik!) Hot Springs, Ainsworth, B.C. aa'knuxleletna'na C house, tent -t4.a, -(e)t.la to make a house, tent -etet.la- (see -et-) there is a house, tent sa-ntt.la'mne* (see s-) housefly aaqoku'wum however at howl, to -hakwa-, -kikshe ran out howling n'anmuqkupnoxo'ne'lkI wakceme-k (see -kik-) huckleberries lawi'^ya-' hummingbird nuktsa'qleiZ hundred &t!uWu'nmo (see t!uwo) hungry, to be -huwashunt, to -anaxe' (= to go out?) he goes hunting nal'ana'xe- (see -hal-) when they had been hunting ya'ake'ana'mke- (see -kel-) hurried, he wasaqanaane' (see was-) hurt, to -ese'-, -t!aqtshe hurt his hand t!aqtseyo'tume-k (see -t!aqts-) husband nu'V'afqana (see nu"la) husband's brother atsa'^wats! I ka'min ice aa'kwi't! if napit in oqo- pr. in water -qu, -uq, suff. increase, to -etelxo- (see -et-) indicative forms of all verbs beginning with an h, prefix of nof all verbs beginning with a vowel n'infant (until the time when it is taken off the cradle board) aa'qoka'pma'l initiate, to (see manitou) -kjyukpuktse (te') innermost part aa'ke'wey inside o'qouks (see oqo-), a'qla (of water) ya'wo (of quills) aa'qouq!leupenqo'wa (see aa'qouq!l/lup) interrogative and participle, of verbs beginning with h, w, y, prefix kof verbs beginning with vowel k!.of monosyllabic verbs kHintestines aa'kkuqtna'm into t-, (away from speaker) ten- pr. (towards speaker) tek- pr. (a pile of things) tsaqan- pr. BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 367 into fire xcun- pr. into water xun--qu into woods aq!an-, naqlan-, pr. invite to a feast, to tsule!na'aVnej) iron ne'lko island a,;q!a'nlme9 jaw, lower a,;k-amtsLnlca'kna-m) C joint aa~qatskcana/mkeJoseph's Prairie, at Cranbrook, B.C. aa'lceslcalc.Zet C jump, to -menxo~qa-, -qum~as~q~o)he might jump to the head of the tent Z'apkoic!na'mte-xa (see -rnam'tcoxa [] he jumped sideways naqa'ýnkikqa'me~k (see -kik-) he jumped a little to the other side Ioa~q!mawesqa/Ifle the two jumped to the back of the tent Ia~nta oxakcstnkla'te-k (see -euk! at-) juniper aakac.Iu,'IaI C, also aaicok.lu,'IaZ just qa,'alen I kettle of pottery a'tso kicked, he -him across wat!mecIteke'n-e- (see wat!-) he kicked it qanaq~c'kýane- (see -Iek) Kicking HEorse River aa'lccnu'k.uk C kill, to -upel- (see -up-) by striking -q!alcpa~kit) kingfisher q!a'pqa~l kiss, to -halqok!almax - (see -hat-) knee aa'q!a'na~k, aaq!ana'lcana-m (see -qian-) Knee-Cap (a name) yu-wesq!a'naie (see -q!an-) knife aaktsa'mal, -tsamat with knife -q(a) suff. knock, to -tVa(at door) tVaxo'une (see -tVa-) knot in tree aakukpetsk!a'la-k C know, to -up~pa-, -olzoI know how to get it 1zun'onyilnu'k!ne- (see -[nuklu]-) I know a place -kun'ouliteltine- (see -litet-) one who knows mind kVup:ýalwi'yte- (see -Iwey) knuckle aaicwi'tsalc Kootenay River aale4ale'et (see -1daleet) Kootenay River, Lower aa'kuk.Ia'.caI C Kutenai ktuna'xa Kutenai of Pend d'Oreille and St. Ignace aa'kiye'nek! lacings aa~kuk.Iulca'tslo C lair of a deer -lc!aak lake -liaqlnuk-, qta'ku'q!nuk, -qinuk a big lake kwe,'Iq!nok (see -qinuic) it must be a lake k.Isa'1cq!nuk (see I- pr.) lake on other side k.Iuhakq!nuk (see lu-) little lakes n'a'qa~na~hoq!nukna'na (see -lzaq!nuk-) land ama-k larch aa~qo'pal, k!u'sti if large -wtl(qa)last, to be -yaptlalast one -k later on ma'qak, Wta't 368 368 I3BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [UL5 LBULL.59 laugh, to -kq!u-, -umatshe laughed aloud wd~kekq!u'n-e (see -kq!u-) he laughed thus qaleq!u'n-e (see -Jcq!u-) law, to make a -etnumo-ts(te)lay down, to -etq!an(kek)lay out place for tent, to -ek-inatetleaf aa,'qo.ja'qpek leaf of pine aa~k-u,'atI leaves of tobacco plant papa' ftv'm lean, to be -tunakleave, to -mate* left-handed kulwiya't!ne- (see -kut-) leg a'a~ksaq!, -saq!-, aa'ksa'q!narrm (see -saq!-) leg is cut off tusaq!a't1ne- (see -saq!-, -q[a]) long leg wu'saq! (see -saql-, -wtu[qa]-) leg part of skin aaic~a'aq!yu length of his legs, the yesenwosa'q!ce* (see -wuq[a]-) leggings aa~qaltik.Iu/kua lehal -halq!ahaltlengthwise, to be -huts qanstriped lengthwise huts qa'nq!le-i (see -hutsqan-) let go, to -peslet me go on! ho'ya he let it go with hand pescht'ne (see -pes-) level place (on a hill), where ther'e is a haq!anvuqle-ethe* (see -q!an-) lick off, to -d~ta~qca)lie, to (to recline) -saq-, it lies here sahqa'ane- (see -s- pr.) to lie down saq(qaa)- (see -saq-), -etxo'ume-k (see -et-) he lay on his back tuwun'etxo'ume-k (see tuw-) he lay (there) dirty shehq!uma-'tne- (see -q!o~mal) it lay fhere wet shckqoquttt!ata,'jne- (see -qoquts!aIa-) he lay down there quietly gal oxaI'etq~ankekqa/ane- (see -q!an-) he lay down the other way tuqu~altiko,'mehk (see Iuqua-) lie, to (to speak untruth) -huts- (see -kei-) light (not heavy) -Tamalight (?) aaicalmohua'et, -lc!atmuhwae-t a little light (shining) through a hole tsaak!aa~mi'yitna'na (see -hValmukwa'e-t) light a pipe, to tsuhu'p~rane- (see -tsuhu-) lightly -q!mahe touched it lightly wulq!maxo/une* (see -q!ma-) lightning aa'hanhixuna'e~t C' like, to -tstaheilhe likes it suh.tuhpdtkte' (see -ehpah[te]) like -qaps- pr. it is like (it) qapsqaqa'anec (see -qaps-) his eyes were like sedqalpsqakesqte'Ine* (see -qaps-) limb aa~qonahc'tnsah! limping -haq!anh!o'-(te.k) line, those -who are in -eaiaaq~aahelip, lower aa'komu'na-m C upper lip aa'hoka-yukfatmE(na-m), also aa'hokwiyohlalEma C listen, to -hlapal-, -hutpat(ne-) (see -pat-) he listened k/apalte'teic (see -k!aval-) BOAS] BOAS] KUTENAI TALES39 369 little, it stuck out a sq!ma*Iwitstenq!a-"ntse' (see -qlrna-) a little while wo'q!urnaane~ke/tine (see -qlma-) locust aa~ku ak.~o'wum lodge, tent, house -Qe)t.Za old lodge Oaakalat.la'tna-m C lonesome huk.ukpa(me-k) (see -huk.Iuk-) long, to be -wu(qa)long ago pe'-~IMcs (long objects) -malong-haired one (Chinaman) kcnu,'q~am' (see -nuql-) Longwater Bay yaalcwu,'Iark look, to -kat(e), -wetslctlto look for or at something -etsklchow do I look? kcoa'qalca'te* (see -kat[e*]) to look secretly -halo.latsulwctskdlto look terrible -cse-(ka'te-) it looks terrible n'cse-kate'jne- (see -katFei]) he looked around tse-kalite'tine (see -Iitd-) he looked up wawctsce'kine- (see wa-- pr.) he looks back Iamanwetskike/lne- (see man-) it looks nice tsenla(1eate'ine-) it looks yellowish namake!tsdaka~at. le -tetine'ne (see -kat[e-]) loon nuqlu'k!ue-n (see -nuqium-) lose, to -eska~ametelump aaq~anlup~ama'ko* (see aatq!a'nlup) there is a lump, excrescence, on surface -q!an~upq~amako- (see -qlan-) lungs aa'km5IlU"'pq lynx i/u' qune- (= short face) magpie a'n'an a small magpie ()eqgomake, to -etI shall make a bridge hutseticoiopce'n-e (see aa'ko'co- Q) to make a fire -dlkohe made a fire q!o,,koxa'me-c to make a house, tent -etet.la- (see -et-) he made a tent for himself n'etet.la'ateic (see -t.la) to make a law -etnumo~ts(te)- I to make with hand -etlccn- (see -et-) he made a bow for himself n'tt'wukun/ell1c (see -wo-) he made a hole n'etk!ame'.,ne- (see -kVa[me-]) just there he made it qooxaI'etke'n-e- (see qao-) he made a mark in the center qayaaqawaaq!anq!I/l'ne* (see -qlan-) he made it nothing lu-"nte* (see lu-) male qafslc~o mallard duck kanq!usqwe,'ikakc man tec'tqa't!0 manitou n~pr'ka to send a boy to get maniton power -kiyukcpuktse(te-) many, to be -yuna(qa)there are many yunaqa'ane* (see -qa..) mark -q!1ei1 he made a mark in the center qayaaqawaaq!anq!It'1ne- (see -q!an-) marrow aa~kenu,'Ima*c -nulmakc m arry, to+r -hnlitet-, -sarict 370 370 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 LBULL.59 married, to be -ha1a~ite'tj(ne*) master na'ksaq may -ten pr. may be den- pr. mean, to -ilekt he did not mean it tsens(ke'ine-) means, by - of -inu suff. meat -ulak8, aadku'1ak to dry meat -etwas(k!o)dried meat wa'tskeana a. piece of dried meat aa'kenxamu~u,'1a-k fresh meat qa'tsule medicine made of Artemisia discollor aa~kenuk.luxona,'aka awu'mo (see aa'kenuk.luxona,'ka) C melt, to luquenieoit melted strongly by heat ts~ma~k!i1-oquenkU,/pse- (see luquenieo-) it melts -lzoq!ko*middle qayaqa'wo (see qayaqa-) milk tsu'u Milky Way (-= dog's trail) aaiema'e-s ca'altsen (see aacma'na-m) milt of fish aa'q!a,'rdup mind aa'ee'lwey, -(e)twey-, -1wey mind, to -entsemiss, to -yuke!kuakea(te-) Missoula, a place about 4 m. from Sand IPoiiit, Idaho aa~kanu'k.le-1 C mistake, he makes a (n')umnaqa1pa1ne,'-xo -, -tsek!malen(ke'n-e) mittens pa'1ya moccasin an money ne'lko monster, giant e',ka moon nata'*neie! moon (=the one going up at night) ktse~me~ti1nu'qkea (see -nuqica-, -mi yet) moose netsna'pku bull moose ea q!a-'1e more a:n- pr. one more lao-k!ue.e'1se* (see la-) moss aa'lola'anak C, at-a, (Lillagenilla rupestris) aa'kolawite'yal C mother ma mother-in-law te'teo mother's brother ha'tsa, xa'tsa mother's sister ko-kt motion towards speaker kc- pr. mountain -uq!yu(teet), adkluwztk.Ie'et, aa~koq!yu~e'et end of mountain wa~kaq!yu~e.e-tke* (see -q!yu-) foot of mountain adkuk!ple'et there is a mountain yesle.e't.se- (see -le.et), sakq!yul%'~t.s- (see -1e.et) mouse e'ntsule! mouth a'ale!alma'na-m, (-kla)1ma in mouth -aqtuq!uwith mouth -xa- suff. move, to -wan-, (?) -qsahe moved his arm wantlaUne- (see -wan-) he moved it in the water wanuqke'n-e (see -wan-) to move ca!Rmp un am BOAS] BOAS] KUTENAI TALES31 371 much -yurna(qa)much coal, there is yu-nats!lcace-'Ine- (see -ts!lcaklc-) mule (=~his big-ears) 1cuwe~lqjwa,'t~e 's (see -quwat) muskrat ha'Inq!o must be Imust be a lake, it k.tsa'lcq!rnul (see I- pr.) mutually -timo suff. my ka- pr. myth aa'qaIq!anoxwa'tename aawkkd. te'yam, -(e)k. ley -AxIehe was named thus -qa'Axtdcname, to -at(names of culture heroes) ya.ukue'~ca-m, nalmo/qtse-) (name of a dog) tsout (of Coyote's daughter) mesquIo'uwo-m (of a man) %alka~aIa-a'a10 (of place near Nelson) aa'qeya,'mlapskak.le.e'tsce(place -name) aaqola'aka-, aa'leo'quwit! (of region inhabited by Lower Kutenai) aa'kako',wo-k C (of region of a camping place on the trail to the Lower Kutenai) aa'kakeolnmt(3'yuk C (of region of Fort Steele and St. Eug~ne Mission) ala'kVam C (St. Mary's Lake) Va'aam aa'ku'qhiuk C (see a' a'Vldam) C (St. Mary's River) Va'a'lam aa'*kermi'tuk (see a'a'kam) C (Wild Horse Creek) aa'ltsa'klc.e -C (Skukum Chuck, below Finlay Creek) aa'kauma'kso-k C navel aaicValaka'kna-m, -klalalcak neck aaklo'uka~k nape of neck aa'kuk!pla~mka-kma~m necklace a',na Nelson aaklya'nlu-p C nephew pat!, (sister's child, said by woman) TaInalleil (see xa,'1[e-]) nest aa'kuq!no'kuat, a'qo-'quat, -qoquat fish-hawk nest ts!outs!u'q!ua (see ts!o'uts!o-) nevertheless pa-mck new, to be -wupnews -tuq!tsto tell news tuq/tsqake',ne- (see -tuq!ts-) niece (sister's child, said by woman):ýalnalleil (see xpa,'1e-]) (brother's daughter) pa' sister's daughter (said by woman) awina,'Ie- (see swyn) night hawk p~e' qls nine, to be -qa.iket!uwo- (see [-eket!auwo]), qaakc&'t!uwo (see -qa-) no! wahao", uwa'ha there is no water leu'kune- (see let-) nock of arrow aa'qla'nq!ak C nod, to -haq!a-naq!nei-, -esqaq!anaq!ne 'nelnoise aa'k.luk.le'et, aa'kck-lite'yan', -hak.leet-, -halukrne- (see '-ha-, -lek- [] to make noise -hdlke--, _tValo'uku(ne-), -kilehe made noise inside qa-atskekx leknate'tine, (see -Icc-) he made big noise wdlka'nilpalnepu'n-e (see -pal-) without noise of stones letkekinokac'lne* (see -kih-) noose (on rope) aa'kankalts'ka C, nose aqa'khu'nka'k, -k!unkak; -lc!on, aa'Ikuqsala'na-m, -qsala 372 372 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY[BL.5 [BULL. 59 nostril -kVa3Za'akak, aa'kaslaalcakna-m() not qanot far qawuee~'tine- (see -wu[qa]-) nothing lu-, lu'ne- (see lu-) he made it nothing lu,"nte- (see lu-) again there is nothing talo'use (see la-) number ycsa'ske- (see yts-ke-)object -I- suff. offI a little ways aqat!- pr. oh q, a" Oh! he', kat'ya-, hai, he oh if!1 taaq Oil, to -ts!aqaold man nu'ila old woman tc'tna, tdna'mu once, at ok~fud-, ok!uenl-, uk!undl-, pr. (see -ok!u[e*]-) one, to be -ok!u(e-)the one (n')ao'kWue - one hundred et~uW~U'lwo (see -et!uwo*-) Onion aa'ko',wal only tshn open, to -malen-, -uk!u(n)-, -(nok!uen)to open (rock) -tsunok!outo be open -huk!uer&- (?) he opened his mouth matcnk~atma'n-e (see -malen-) opening, hole -kVa(me-) orbit a,,,kendalaxapa'knamr, aa'kaxapa'kna-m ornamental pieces on border of root kettle, small aa'kutskakilulcpo,'xaZ C orphan na"nka orphan adopted by me kana'nka'-qaI (see nal"nla) other, the (n')ao',k!uethe other one nao',k!uethe other side la'tsine-, on the other sideIe-'ineother side Iu-, Iuqtualake on other side k.Iuha'kq!nule (see Iu-) he lay down the other way luqualitxouine-k (see Iuqua-) otter aa'qa'oxpaI ought xma our lcamina'Ia (see kamirt) out of a- pr. out of (away from speaker) an- pr. out of (towards speaker) ak- pr. out of woods tunwa- pr. (Lower Kutenai tun-) his two legs stuck out turnwal.aletswi-ts~a'q!ne* (see tunwa-) out of the top of something -e-leikouter side of tent, at bottom, all around la,"nta outside Ia'a, Za'Iaic they were outside M.alaha'quwom (see Ia'a) over ct/na- pr. overtake, to -xanxo, (?) -a'nxoowl ku'pei own, to -esown way, he wants to act his sen-akpa'me-k paddle Ie'se BOAS] BOAS] KUTEKAT TALES87 373 painting aa'ku'Iq!~IN palate aa'kola'na-m C palm of hand aa~kuk.Ia'i(namr) C pant, to -halkekwas- (see -hat-), (n)hakwase/kme-k (see -halewa-) panther m~a' parents alcjnek.', aa'kene'ldna-m parent~s and children ala-qalte'tjmo (see -timo) Sparfl~che aa'qu,'Ium (participle and interrogative pr.) kparting of hair aaicawu'lc!o4 partridge t~an-qu-ts pass (?), to (qa)hak~owpasser-by aa~q!utsaneic (not used in modern speech) passive -I- suff. past man- pr. he went past manq!anke~'meie (see man-) pay, to (-enmale), -ettnmak- (see [-enmalej) peel, apple aa'kO'-nalc C pemnmican kdleu,'lla pepper aaIcukcplulal C perspire, to -haq!a-co--, -aq!akouPhiladelphus Lewisii, berries of aa~kuno',kyoik C pick berries, to -halq!at!eipick up, to -itqana(qa)piece hie bit off, a qa'sx neo (see -qas-) to lhreak to pieces -qashe cut himself to pieces qasnenqa'me-k (see -gas-) riegan sa,'nla (see -sahan-) pierce, to tsu(1do'une-) pile, to -nmu(x~o)he had a pile sanmolce'ne- (see -moxun-e) to pile up sanmuxo'me-k (see -moxunqe-), -Lt!qao(Ta)pin, to -apalkhnpine he'mo white pine a'a~ka-m C pipe ko-'s to fill pipe -hulnake~opipe stem aa'ko,'la, -ula pipe-stem wood (Alnus incana) aaicula'wo-k (see aaco,'Za) pit aa'kVa'ame(for cooking) aae.Ia,'xw'k! pitchwood -nuqa'kou, aaIkenoquafako, -oquaaj~o pitfall aakenu'kwejt pitied, he -it k!umna'nlulcpakitmu'Zne- (see -elcpak[te]) place ha-ceplace for drying meat aaieowa'sk!oplace with thick trees aa'q~anqats/Za'e-n, -haq~anqots!lae-n thickly-wooded place aatq/anquts1Idaen (see -qlan-) place with dry trees aalklakc.lu'nukc place with scattered trees aa%'knU8u'k/Poon, *nU8Ik'Ipo~n it is a bad place ea'hanlee'tne, (see -8aaan-) it is a good place auAk.lee'tinec (see -souk~.) it is a well-hidden place -hatleet-f 374 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 plain aa'ketsta'ame' plank aqkemuq!ula*!a'ako, "plant standing up," used for arrowshafts aa'q!ox mal'et play, to -k.Menq!o-, -wats!they play along ganalwa'ts!ne- (see qa- pr.) he plays ball with bat -qaixo'ktse-k pleased with something, to be -ydna'uts(te-) plenty sukcuakate'jne- (see -kat[ej]), ksukuaka'te- (see -soak-) plural -ked-, -q!a-, -qanpocket a'kula'ko (?) C point, to -nk!unpoint -nq!awith point -k!o- suff. (pointed eye) k!uktsa'qEeiI (see nuktsa'qIejg) he pointed at them hither gakannk!orn/'Ine (see qa- pr.) he pointed at them thither laqa'nank!one/'Ine' (see qa- pr.) it was pointed that way qa'nank!un'Ine' (see -nk!un-) points of bark canoe a'a'ko C poked him, he qunatsa'0ane* (see qun-) poor, to be -k!umnahe is poor k!umnaqaga'ane' (see -klumna-) porcupine ne/lksaq post a~ma'le-t pot yets!ke-'me (see -me-) pouch a'kula'ko (?) C powder flask a1'kole'kam C parie aa'kccnuqe'et (see -nug-), skekts!Ia'nuqe'et (see -ts!la-) there was a flat prairie qa'q!a'nmoqts!nu'kune- (see -q!an-) prairie on side of hill aa'qlanuk.le'et prairie chicken kts!/q!la probably naqan- pr. property aak.Ze/ite-t propose a plan, to -et.1ckinatetproud, to be -hal-axwat(e*k) puff, to -kikpull, to hakunk/n(-e-) (see -ha-) he pulled it in tekim'/txane (see tek-) pup (of dog) tsct!(na'na) purple ke'e/ko-p (see -kup-) pursue, to -metyafa- (see -yak-), -nuthe came pursuing her qaknu'te' (see qa- pr.) push in, to (?) -yaptsa(km)put, to -xahe put his hand back la'ntaqahe'/ne (see -hey-) to put in -haqtuq!uato put into water -hdeikxaqknmto put on back -alaxou- (see -ala-) to put on with hand -alaken- (see -ala-) to put together -etlqao(qa)to put up -eya(km)he had something to put in (?) (t)enaqana'Wnte' he put it into it n'oqozaclwee (see -pa-) soAs] KUTENAI TALES 375 put, to -Taput me offl pesuo'unu (see -xo- suff.) he was put off pespo'Ine- (see -I- suff.) quarrel, to -dlkelquestion, to -ak.ielquickly -qkup-, was- pr. quickly he cut off the nose uqklupqsaba'ateG (see lu-) he comes back quickly wa\s&cIaxa,'e (see was-) it burnt quickly ts!dlq!anku'pse* he stretched his leg out quickly qaI'et!naqkupq!aIsa'q!ne' (see -q!a&-) quietly he lay down there qa\oxaI'ctq!ankckqa/ane, (see -q!an-) quill end of feather aa1ku'kple' C quills, insides of aa,'qouq!IbIupenqo'wa rabbit kianuqlu'mna (see also -nuqlum-) race, a katnuxu'kna'm (see -nuxu-) rail aa'kedq!aku'pk!oraining, it is watoq!kuku'ti(ne*) raise, to -hukunurapids aa'kaxa'pqleraspberry aa'q!u'ko rattle aa'io'quma-I bunch of dew hoofs of deer aa'kedq!a'Iukp rattlesnake wetlma-Z Rattling-Claws (a name) ka-kiyaxa'kukp rattling noise, there is a skeknotxone'le-k (see -not-) raven qo'k#en raw -kup-, ke 'ko-p (see -kup-) reach, to -xa(Te'), -a'nxo-, -yaxone who reached the top kyupxa,'a'm (see -xa[pe-]) they reached there qaoxaxa'mne' (see -xa[Tej1) ready kulatr'qna (see -hu-) to get ready -etaqna- (see -et-) he is ready to go wanakate'j(ne*) he stood ready to spear (n')upsawetsaalkenxa'ane rear part of tent, back of fire Wa'nta rectum welma'pe's red -(nohos)-, nos-, -(ha)nohos bright red sukunohu'se- (see -souk-), yawo'Unek! red-hot -hukoreed (?) ta'nal reflexive ending of verbs in -ne- -meik suffix of transitive verbs in -te- -te-k refuse, to -tsakelrelation between sister's husband and wife's brother skat relation, reciprocal, between parents-in-law and children-in-law, intermediate relative dead xatkax'niyatu'mal relation, reciprocal, between brother and sister ale'tskeil relative (e)klna'mu relatives akinek! remains of broken bones aa'qla'naAk rhubarb, wild wzm'al rib -no7lak, aa'knoka'Znarm ribbon, hair, worn in front aa'kok/uatsnko, rice aP'kc/IqIUa*? 376 376 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN I&TENOLOGY[BL.9 [BULL. 59 rime aaIounle'et C rind aa'ko'Inak C ring, netted tVaqu'mofinger ring aakok!Uatsetsq!a/yna-m hair rings made of brass spirals aaicckne'la-m rise, to -nuqka-, -ulcnuwater rises nutsz'kume- (see -huts-) river -nmituk, aa'kcnmi/tuk (see -uk) a wide river k!almanmi'tuk (see -m~a-) rivers are long wuqanmitu-kune- (see -qan-) largest rivers aa~ale'et, -kValeet roast, to -luklmo- 0 he roasted it luk!moxa'me'k (see -Iuk!mo-) rock, it is aa knukxu'me -k roll, to -haqa~i-, -(ha)qayhe will roll himself tsxalhaqayeqafme~k (see -fhalqay-) at once he was always rolling about n'o~k!utnla'atiye\It~sha~qaiyelmo\xona~titmolIne. (see -hdityiI-) root -lcpt'kam, aa~kuk!pu'ka-m, -(u)lc!puka-m an edible root (?) aatkuqle'et a root found in swamps aa~ketsq!a'kam rope, bark a,,'qo',qoI rose hip waq!o-'pe~s, q!u'Ilwaa round -haq!anqoquat(qa)-, -q!anquqwat- (see -qlan-) it is round naq!anquqwatqa'5ne' (see -qlan-) rub, to -ts!aqarub (with), to -ektsxone(mu)he rubs it on -yuhakt'ne* (see -ha[ke'nej]-) run, to -halnulcup(qa)-, -hanlukp(qa)- (see -hanuxo-), -eke(mexlc), -tshnakto run away -nuxuhe ran away no-sanoxunqa'ne- (see hosan-) she ran out howling n'anmuqkupnoxo-,neIlkekwake'me-k, (see -kik-) he runs moqkupnoxunqa'me-k rushes (?) ta'nal sack-cloth aa'kala'laa,'al C saddle aaiclo'neis my saddles kaq!aklo',nest (see -q!a-) saddlebag aa~qok.1a'Ik!o saliva aa~q!uk.tu'mna'm Salix desertorum aa~qou~a'kpe-kna'na (see aa'qou~,,aqpek) sal mon swa'q!amo sand aaieenko'koL- IC Sand Creek aa'ka'tak C save, to -xat(krnuku)to be saved -yukd~cuakatel- (see -yuklkuaka[te]j) he saved himself xatkc'n-e see -xat~kenuku]-) he was saved xatknukune* (see -'xat[kenuku]-) he saves him xatkznuktst'n-e (see -xpat[ktnuku]-) saw, with -zal Buff. say, to -kei-, -(df)kehe said so qake~jeo (see -kej-) he said thus qake'Mnr (see qa-) he said to him qake'11ne- (see -I-) to say "y)es"' -Zehe(te-) BOAS] KUTEKAT TALEES 377 scare, to -haq!maqo-. (see -Maq!ma-), -oyet!axwa(t)he scared them qakilaq!mraxpoka'ane- (see -xou-) scatter, to pw~tsenme't- (see pa ts-) scold, to -lkd-el scrape, to -q!awuleascratch, to -eksea(t)screw aawkweltsko C seam aa~kiiaktsumu',in (see aakicIa'ltsu) C season aaikedk!aku'eo-t, -mayet, -(u)leot two seasons tVuk.lunnaku'tineseat aalkmoxo'na-m where hie was seated yawqahanqame-'1-ee (see -harnaq-) secretly ats- pr. to look secretly -hakle.atsulwetsleelsee, to -wulcu(at)-, -uppato see at a distance indistinctly -ukewnakehe sees tsei1eate* (see -leat[e-j) he sees it tsej(ka'te-) seeds, tobacco aa1cenu'q!yukc ya'q!e~t self -esen-, -esne-, pr. send for some one, to -neyaxservice berry sq~u'm-o service-berry wood da'ai!WOi (see aale.) sets, where the sun yaqa'na~wat!m~nuqka'ske- (see -mnuqlca-) seven west!acc'la (see we-) several na'qsa- pr. several days naqsanminiyet (see -miyet) shade ne'Zeshadow aaie.Zo'uldwa shake hands, to tsxa-ma1~ktsa~amne- (see -tsxa [n-e]) shook his blanket, hie n'anuxo-'nIatjmo'*me-k (see -?a[mag) sharp -ese(qa)sharp (stones) -k!a(no'uko-) sharpen, to -e~taxsheep, bighorn 1ewe-'Iqle' (see -we~l~qa]-) mountain sheep ne,'lya-p shell kleulmtsale(s) shield qa'snaZ shin aa'ko'knccm C shine, to -hoq!ukeiyet- (see -huke!ukeydt-) shirt -qacvtwumlaat shoe lacing aa1euIUqa't8IUM C shoot, to -es(k~o)-, -elwa-, metcpa- (see -met-), -haq!axpo'u~u(ne*) he shot upward wa'metak!o'une- (see waw-) shooting with it k1metxa'm-u (see -mu) shore e'flta, aaklea-'Iak short, Ouqashoulder aak1enqu'm'yu, aaicwetl, -wet! shout, to -haluk.litiya'x (ne-) (see -hat-) to shout for joy -awutshrew tse'nia, le~a'Ua shut, to -talupnaside aa'lwi'yatI side Of body a7,.afwI'yat/, 7V.-wiat! 378 878 ~BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY IUT.5 [BULL. 59 side a%1'wi'yat! on eý_ich side ya- pr. on one side tsde!ern- pr. on the other side le'inethe other side ia'ts-nesideways upen-, ma?(u)- pr. striped sideways mahu'q!ZiZ (see mal~u]-) sinew aa'qiu'ka, aa'kenqla'tqa sing, to -hawasxohie sings going around q!untka~hawasxo'me~k (see q!untka.) sink, to -ektscn(uq)sister (said by brother) ale'tskeýZ sister (of girl) tsu younger sister (of girl) na'na sisters nana'5tljmo (see na'na) sister-in-law (all kinds), intermediate relative dead lunaT~esister's child ha'tsa, (said by woman) xa~na'lei1 (see xa'I[eo]) sister's daughter (said by woman) swnl- (see swrn) sit down, to -esakeinu-, -hanaq-,- -hanqathey two sat down -en~aice-snqame,'?- te0 he sat down on top waqousaq!maxzo-umeA- (see -ha qosa-) he always sat with back to fire 8la-'tjyi1-a'n-taqanaqna'kse- (see Za-"nta) not sitting down a long time qa.etxa'me~nqa'me'k (see -[etamen].) sitting there sanaqna'kse- (see -hanaq-) six, to be -en mtsasize ye'ske- (see yes-ke-) skillful qastsu 'mqaqa'5,ne* (see -st*u'm-) skin, to -qla(tec), -hunuq!me#skin a,,,ku,'q~a dried skin aa~kwo'q!la tan skin, to -etq!anxowhite (skin) aqtske(,niala)skull aa'k.lam~alaic (see -maakzl) skunk xa'xas sky aa qkelmi'yet (see -miyet), aa,,ke.mi'yet blackish sky hamqoq!uku akat.1e-tetine*- (see ham-) slap, to -maq!ne*(qo)slave tsulcuatu'mal (see tsukt~a'tej]) sleep, to -q~u'mne*-, -1eitssleepy, to be -hat8!ala(qa)slide on snow, to -ha meluqleate'Ieic slim, to be -ukts(qa)sluice box aa'kuo'no~k C small, to be -tsasmall ktsaqu'na (see -tsa-), -nana I have a small house (or tent) hutsat.Zanana'ne- (see -tsa-) a place is small tsale-etinana~ne- (see -tsa-) smell, to -aglukl-, -hanemseqqa- (see -ha-) to smell of -hakumseej(te,) (see -ha-) it smells of -asntmwik(qaa)to smell bad -ulcttcsmoke, to -nuquto smoke a pipe (== eat smoke) -ernoquk-. (see.nuqu-) BOAS] BOAS] KUTENAI TALES39 379 smoke yanVu smoke hole -le!anqo-t, aaie!a'nqo-(t) snail ne&xamyu'-wat! snake aaieenu'~a-m snipe nuletsnaq&a'nka-m snort, to -t~anukqIo'~leu(ne-) snow 4Iu, da'aieu (see -1u), a'aie.1o snow falls from trees -hupumale(ne-) it is snowing -walenk~alalu'nesnowshoes -k!aqayt, aaie!a'qayt snowstorm -wa'mil'nilketso, he thought qalwi'yne- (see qa-) socks aa~kaI-e'lna-m C soft, to be -tspuq!ueisole of foot aa'kkule.ale.Ze'l(na-m) C some one na'qa, (indefinite object) -lea suff., (indefinite subject) -nam suff. somebody qa,'la something qa'psin son-in-law nawa'spaZ song aaikeeq!a'niZ soup na'qpoule, wo,'q~lea, source of river tsqa'ahales (see tsaqan-) sow, to -etmo(le!o)sparrow hawk leiaq!aleu'tats speak the truth, to tsEma'l1e/leene- (see -tsEma'le!) hie can not speak qataltsxa'n'e- (see qataZ-) spear (le)tsqurna'alenxa'm~u, tsukleoti'yaZ fish spear aa'Mle~a'a C three-pointed fish spear aaieo'unal, aaieenu'lemale C spilled, to be -yele!ta-, spirit (?), a tsa'leap spits it out, hie matqlaxwa-' te* (see -mat-) split with hand, to tsele!lee'nce (see -tsele!-) spoon pe'tsa'le (see -pets; see also -haluqlie~ndneimv'[nvej]) spread out -q!anspring of year, springtime luma'yet (see also -mallet) spruce letseltsqalI squeezes him, it tsenxu'n-e (see -tsen-) squirrel taiekrats - stab, to -nulkleo- (see -nul-), -aleouhie stabbed him with it quna-'ecnxamu'ive- (see qun-) stake in gambling, to -stdl(eie) stalk aa'leuleIu'lua 0 stand, to -Weshe stands hawesqa'ane- (see -ha-) he stands thus qa-wesqalane" (see -wes-) we stand hunaklewesqawakeane- (see -kle-) there stands -swets-, -8enit stands in it naketwetsqla'ne- (see Wa~it-) he stands biting nawr't&Fane- (see -ha-) standing biting 1cawe'topa (see;~a- suff.) to stand holding -eqawetohe stands holding -hawetaeAwe'n (see -ha-) 380 380 ~BUREAU OF AMERtICAN ETHNOLOGYLUL.5 (BULL. 59 stand, to -we8 -he stood ready to pound nawetsnuxo'une- (see -nul-) he stood still n'twesqa',,ne- (see -Wes-) star aa~nelnolho, -(c)tno'hos, -4nohous how many stars? k!aqsa-Ino'ho-s (see -tnohous) start, to ts!ena'ce* (see -axe-),* -hutsento start away from speaker tWen- pr. to start towards speaker tstkl- pr. to start a fire -tsukufire started qanaqI~mac.Ienqfoku'pseN (see -Aaq!ma-) he started running no-tsenqkeupeke'meic (see -hutsen-) he started up river ts naltsaqana'xe* (see tsaqan-) starve, to -yanxpuhe is starving -sakno'ktse-k starving, although having a fish trap kganow'ktsiyenke'tsqa (see -sakno-Iktse-k, -letsqa) stay, to -etwcs(qa)-, -dtwetsto stay over night -ytksrae-k, -hakcup(ma~na'mne-) he staid qaosaga'ane- (see qa- pr.) he staid there sa.osaqa'ane- (see sao-), qaosaqa/ane- (see qao-) steal, to -aystealthily ats- pr. steam aaicalnolatalco'.1ko'C steep, to be -yaq(Ie'let)stem of tobacco plant a.Ikr'nqo1I stick a,,"kenq!a'wo-k, aa'lcanka'wolc, a' a Iltkts stick into, to -apalehnto stick on -tiaptshie stuck it on t!apts!ake'n~e (see -ken) legs stick out tunwakakceswets~a'q!ane* (see -wets-) his two leggs stuck out tunwalealeswi-ts-a'q~ne* (see tunwa-, it stucki out a little sq!ma-,wi tIirnq!aOIntse* (see -qlma-) still upsicil-, sake-, pr. he is still angry sa~1eesamruwe'yne* (see 8ahan-, sakld-) stingy -upjyet!eistock of gun aa'ktdk1pwu C stockings aa'kate'lna'm C stomach -wum of partridge aa'lcoa'pla 0 stone nu'ku(ey), -nukufiat stone aaikekltsfla'nulc (see -ts!Za-) gray stone aa'quspyma'nuk (see [-qupna-]) rough, sharp stone aa'AX'afulue~k white stone aa~kmunuq~u~rnuk (see -nuqLum-) burnt stones aatq~ono'uko' no~ukuey flat stones aa'lcenugqlaunulc sharp stones aaielano'uco', -1eja(no'ako-) sharp, flat stones aa'1ccnuqfIawn~kU/1e'n (see -nuqila-) stop (intransitive), to etwes(qa)-, -itwita-, -itga- (see -it-), -gaga-. he stops qaqasknewe (see -qaqaa-) stopped, noise qlalukie.s'tgnee stout -atstraight, to be -apaft BOASI ~O~s1 KUTENAI TALES38 381 straight upward. qa~a'kne-s strange, to be -aaqastrap, rawhide aaIcts!l'ka strawberry aa'qbt'ko', aa~ku'Iq!o* stretch out, to -Wtna-, -q~alhie stretched his leg out quickly qal'tt!naqlcupq!alsa'q!ne- (see -q&I-) he stretched it out n'al1aq&akeme- (see -q!al-) he stretched his hand into it tsaqa~natsq!ahe'ine, (see tsaqan-) strike, to -1 at(te-) he struck it qanla,'Ite- (see qan-, -?al[te-]) will strike from each side tsxaIyaqq~a-Ia~ta'pse* (see -qqpa-) he struck again from underneath lao'Inila'qvaq~ulplaltec'tne (see -q.Ta-) he struck him suddenly ts!enha'q~mak~axne/kse9 (see -k!ax~me ic]) by striking -xo- suff. strike-a-light aa'kete'imostring, moccasin aa'kuk.tulca,'tso C strings for tying up parfi~che aa'kitkarnitko,'tom C stripe -q!teit, aa~1cu'q!itI middle stripe 1cqayaqa~wuha'q!tit (see -q!teil) striped sideways matu'q~tit (see mat[u]-) strong, he is tsEmak!qa'ane- (see -qa-, -ts~maWc) strongly -tSEma-k!stump -qutulcipio, a'qU~t'ek!Pkosuck, to -tsut itsuddenly, to do -haqhnasuddenly he entered nukuhaq!ma-kekqa'ane* (see -haq!ma-) summer aa'qju~k!taitna/mu sun nata'neic! sun dance -haqu~ot- (see -hanuxo-) surround, to -hatqo-matsuspenders aa' kulc.Iu'lcuatslcpu'-k(na-m), aaklitu'kuatspu/lcnam C swallow, to -u'mqot-, -e'mqot-, -hanaq!uya/a(te-) (see -han-), -uq!wiya-, -q!wiya(te') he swallowed him k~unuq!uwiya/ate- (see -q!wiya[te-]) swamp aa1daqta'hat1, -lc!aqtahal, -ha qanak!aqta'ha*I swan qu'qouq sweat in sweat lodge, to* -wes(elc) sweat lodge wtsi,'at (see -wes[e-k]) swells up, belly -hutklawumakoswift katnuku'pqa (see -hat-) swim, to- -naq-, -haqa-, -hutuqu- (see hut-) swing, to -haweskcaxu'tse- (see -ha-) switch for stringing fish ta-m' tail -qat, al'a'qat bird's tail aa1cenuq!ma'ana fish tail aa'kenq~a'qawt he put the tail up quickly qatyuwa-kaq!atqa'tine- (see -qat) take, to tsuku(a'te-), -kato take away (?) -wato take one's own -ups(t)to take with hand tsulcolr'r-e- (see tsulcu[a'tej]) to take with hand out of watbr ts8ukuqlcucn-e (see tsuleu[a'te-]) it was taken ashore Ia.u'pkcaqkeinr/ne- (see -haqa-) his wife is taken away from him waalatt/tIne (see -wak-) it, is take.n from him w~~ue(see -w7alc-) .382 8BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 take, to tsuku(ate-), -kawhat he had taken out of water k!upka'anqo-l (see -ka-) he took a good seat sukuxo'me-k (see -souk-) he took both xa'tsneltsukua'te- (?) (see xatscn-) he took it out of fire laupkak!o'une (see -ka-) he takes it n'atskalk/n-e- (see -hal-) tale, historical aa7qalpaIne'yam talk, to -tsxa(n'ec), -haqalpainei- (see -pal-), -hakqlydthe talks naqalpalne'ne- (see -haqal-) they talk together t!aqta-la'mne' they talked nakq!eye/tine' (see -q!eyet) talking aa'keq!ye t talons of birds aa'ketsq!aekama-'ak taste, to -axne' it tastes good suklaanefise- (see -ga- suff.) tear off bark, I huluts!qalxo'une (see -ts!qaal) teeth, with -Ta- suff. molar and canine teeth intstin tell news, to tuq!tsqake'ne* (see -tuq!ts-) she told some one tsxanatka'ane* (see -ka) ten, to be -ct!zwo*tent -t.1a, -(e)t.la, aa'kect.lanaom (see -t.1a) part of tent near door la'q!a he made a tent for himself n'etet.laate-k (see -t.1a) (tent) is covered -tuk!xo(lne') tent cover aa'ka'wu tent frame -nqo-, aa'ke'nqo* outer side of tent, at bottom, all around la'"nta rear part of tent, back of fire la"nta tent pole aa'kets; aa'ma'le*t; -kits, -[t]ts tent site ko'o terrible, it looks n'we-(kate)i testicle -maq!an, aa'kma'q!arn that go* that one ne. then ta 'xa there (demonstrative) sao-, saw- pr., -saqsal-, qao-, qaw- pr., go* along there qan- pr. it is right aloug there qa'kdlhaqa'ane' (see qa- pr.) he arrived there gaoa'xe* (see gao-) he staid there sa-usaqa'nes (see sao-), qaosaqa'ane (see gao-) just there he made it qooxal'etk'n-e- (see gao-) there stands -swets-, -sLnthere is a hill swctslee/tjne& (see -swets-) there is a stone swctsnulkne* (see -swets-) therefore aqa(l)- pr. thick, to be -waq(ene') thick -althicket -kelhaq!anqotslla'e-n (see -kcd-), agla thigh a'kcn'krna-m, aa'q!o'*wuk! (of bird) aa'ke'nuk C thin, to be -paqtsthine nc'nlko BOAS] BOAS] KUTENAI TALES38 383 think about something, to -kn(dlwiy)hie is thinking about it silkirnilwyteya'ate, kinelwi'ytilc (see -Arn[d~wiy]-) he thought thus or so qcdwe'yne" (see qa-, -[41wey-) thirsty -hule4nuq!luma this na thorn bush ()kala'woik thou nc'nko thread aakila'lctsu (also aaicola'ktsu) C three, to be -qa~sahe has three children qalsaqa'Ite* (see -qalsa-) throat aa'k.uma'nawm, aa~n~m-athrough gayaqa- pr.throw, to -mttto throw many things -nmu~q~o)he was thrown into fire xunakinrn'ne- (see xun-) thumb tu'tsla~k! thunder nu'nva thus qa'he said thus qake'ine (see qa-) he cried thus qalo-'Ukune- (see qa-) he is8 thus qaqa'ane- (see qa-) tickle, to -q!Utse'.(te.) tie, to -ituk!sato tie hair in knot (?) -huto-qsato tie up (for shamanistic performance) -qlaxsome one who is tied up kq!aqcna'rnnar (see -q!axp-) something tied together(? kiakxa'sxaZ time -ytt- suff. tired -hulc.lukto be tired -sa'n(qa)tired walking ksake~me'k (see -sale-) toad ko'ukotobacco ya'q!ejt (see -yaq!-), wasa'qana~n, aa1emoq!o''ma1I plug tobacco kq!awu'uka~l (see -q!awuka-) stem of tobacco plant a,"kvnqo-I tobacco seeds aa'ktnu'q!yule ya'q!e-t Tobacco River aa'lcanu,'xo C to cut tobacco -qlawulcato-day hosanmiyc'tketoe aa'kesq!a'lena~m, aa'kenk~a'aile big toe k!a\Ie-matsqakEma/ale (see -matsqak) together -mat suff. together with -ýpmo suff. tomahawk aa'knu'q~etongue waIu-'nalc tooth aa'q!u/nawn' top aa'kt'nqa~n (aa'kt/nq!a-n), (?) -q!yuto be on top of water -mu(wtsu'q)torch aa'lemoquea~ko touch, to -qunyaqga- (see -yaxp-), -wuhe touched him roughly wuqleupq~o'une- (see -wu-) he touched it qunya/q~ane, (see gun-) he touched it lightly wu~q!maxo/une* (see -q!nma-) 384 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL;. 599 towards -huts- pr. motion towards speaker k- pr. towards speaker and out of a/c- pr. towards speaker and into tLktown aakLk.ku 'nam, -k.hM those in the town haak.1o'ulce (see -k.Mu) toy -k.hLnq!otracks aak.Irknam (in snow) aa'k!alu/lkui his tracks aaierl'ke!es (see -ZLk) trail aa'kma'na'm, -ma it is a long trail wumana'mne- (see -ma) (in snow) aak,'!alu'ko (see a,1da~u'kui1) trail is wide n'atmama'ane* (?) (see -ma) tramp on something, to -t!ats!aane,(ekc'n-e) trap aa'ka'k!ofish trap aa'Jcktsqa, -ketsqa, ya'qa my traps kaq!oka'ko* (see -q!a-) travel by canoe, to -haqultravois aa'q!uka'maI tree -ts!laemn, -(L)tsfla'e-n, aa'7kts!Ia'e-n (see place, thicket) young tree -qlupin, aakuqlu'pe-n different kind of tree (?) k!a'k!Ian-aqdo'umale'et (see -q!uxma) tree on other side k.lohants!Za'e-n (see Zu-) dry trees -hak!ak.lonuktrembled for fear, he n'upthnmetedwe'ylome- (see -upthnmit-) tripe aak'.laqpe'sqap trout qu'stct! try, to -akoukuento try hard -alsen(t)turn, in -1aturnip aa'k.ZEmala'k(na-m) C turtle ha'xax twig la-m' little twig aa'q!utsk!a-'lakna'na two -as, -ai->-as+n (see -as) to be two -astwo children lkamukueste-k (see -kcs-) she had two children n'asqa'lte' (see [qatt]) two seasons tuk.lun-makuwtine uncle (father's brother) xa (mother's brother) Iaatsn ha'tsa under blanket, under cover aqsa- pr. uneasy, to feel -hukoyclonei- (see -hukuya[latej]) untie, to -aqteup -tktek-, etkek- pr., yw*-, wa,up river tsaqan- pr. use, to -hu-te* to use a spoon -haluqkinedxne1Mo(n-e9 uvula tla'tka valley a IamerI/a, -kkvcmcna, aik.Za'lwevein aa"qqu,'Ila verbal stem -a-, -alavery -tsEma'kl, -eseI pr. vessel, pottery a'tso, yrtske'ime' (see yc'tske~) vest, embroidered clnmaalcnom~alr~olca'km C: ]BOAS] KUTTENAL TALES 385 Viburnus opulus, fruit of aa'lo'"mo village -M.Zu, aal'kd.Iu'na-m visits, he qo-na'xe- (see qun-) vomit, to (?) -walnewad of gun aalkulwate'il (iC wait, to -lpa(me-k) they waited nanilwokunxa-'Ine (see -laniZ-) he was waited for nawetskpayateine- (see -kpa[meic], -wets-) walk, to -omoI who walk about 1euqa'ha-'a~lqaats (see -qal-) to walk along shore (?) -etsqawa-qaQ(E)he walks about (n')uk!en(axe') want, to -uteyou may want it herlen'o-'te- (see -Uin) he wants to act his own way - enbakpa'm-k he wants to eat more tsemne-xa-'ameie war,. to go to -waraqana-, -anaxakawar cry, to utter -halenq!oylo-kua'a(me6k) warm, to be -utime&-, -o~yaWarren Creek aaka'tak C wart aa'q!anluprama'ko* (see aa'q!a'nlup) Wasa a'a'k!ne-s wash, to -eletuqohe washes his body na'qtsei. (see -haqa-) watch, to -etwets1 -to watch for something -wetskil- (see -wetskek-) water -lu, wu'u -water is warm n'utime'ikune- (see -ku) there is no water letu'kune- (see let-) he arrived at water laxa'qo'l (see -lax-) deep water aa'qqa'r'nul there is water ne"nha-is it was thrown into water xunmetqu'lne- (see xun-) he throws it into water xunmetqu'lne- (see Tun-) where there is red water yaienosofJuei (see -ku) water fowl, a small (long, slender neck, white belly, dark back) me'tsuic water hole a$a'kaca water monster yawo,'nek! water ousel tse'tsqo'm wave aa qayelnme-k we kamina'Ia (see la'min) weasel ma/yo-k weather -le.et it is bad weather sahanle,e'tine- (see -ledet) weir, fish aa'kwu'lpo C well! ho'ya well, he sees sukuel'upTane- (see -souk-) wet, it lay there sleekqoquts!ala'jne' (see -qoquts/ala-) what ga'psin wheat aakenklau'aI, aakenkowa,'la- (Lower Kutenai) C where kaa where there is (verbal noun) ya-lee where there is a hole in a mountain hanle!amgnake~ (see ha-kce) where there is a level place (on a hill) haq!ar'uqleer'tlee (see -q!ar&-) 855430--Bull. 59--18 --25 386 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 59 whetstone aa'kte'imowhile he was away ksc-qkmu'xo- (see -moxun'cc) whirlpool aa'kenlqayka-k whisper, to -haIatsucuiya'm(nnc) (see -h'dk-) whistle ku'sto-I whistle to -halukwaxniyam (see -ha-) white -nuqiumwhitefish ma'teit!, o-pa-t! who? qa,'a whoever qa'larr- (see qa'Ia) whole night, the yesenuwunmiye'tke (see -miyet). (See entirety) wide -atwidow, widower lax1o'-mat wife te-'na wild -okoy(qa)to be wild -hukuei(qapqa)- (see -hukuya[katci]-) willow aa'q!uma/awo k win, to -hoqwind aaku'me' wind blows nalume'ive- (see -hal-) wind blows a certain way qarawetsol'me- (soc -ha-) window aa kanka'nuk.Iulmurna'e-t C windpipe aaq!uwa'e-k (see aaq!a'nq!me-wa-k) wing -Qe)nqowa, aalernqo-wa, -wet, a 'akwet! winter wanu(yetna-mo) (see -yct-) it is winter time wanuye'tine (see wanu[yctna'm-o]) (see -yLt-) wise -dlketwey- (see -elk-) he is wise qastsu'mqaqafane- (see -stsu'm-), nulq!o'kune- (see -lq!o7:-) wish, to -hak.Iuq!wwiyaxato wish for something -ydlna'nts(te-) witchcraft, to practice -antsawith -mat suff. shooting with it 1metxa'm'u (see -mu) with body or back -xo- suff. with foot -eken suff. with hand -ken suff. with knife, -q(a) suff. with mouth, with teeth, -q~a- suff. with point -k!o- suff. with saw -xal suff. without Itt-pr. wolf ka'5ke-n wolverene ats!po woman pa'tkei wood lokVu, -wouku woodchuck kianir'k!zxo, kiantr'kxo' (see -rdkxo-) woodpecker, black kul'poie! red-headed woodpecker yama'lpawt a small woodpecker nalmuxna'yi-t work, to -dlwat!world yLsleL'tke (see yLs-ke-), yLste.x'tske" (?) wound ak,'k.tUktsumm*Ln to wound -LseWounded KCnee q!o~matq!a'nieoo (see -haq!arnk!o'/[teie]) BOAS] KUTENAI TALES 387 wrist aa'qo'ytleaic; aaicwi'tsalc; aa'ltnleataptsL'lcina-m (see aa~ktaptse'likna~m), writing aa~ku'qINi year -nmakut yellow fluid aaiema'ldtsule yellowish, it looks namak!tsa'akat. le-te tine'-ne- (see -kat [e-]) yellow-jacket yu-"wat! yes hei yesterday wa,'lkwa youth nttsta'hat youth about to marry ndtsta~ha~q!1ikda-matI (see netsta'hal) 0 MAR 1919 THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN DATE DUE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Ill l I IIIII II11 11111 3 9015 00393 1204 "DO NOT REMOVE OR MUTILATE CARD ot rd /21............ 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