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I 1. ; I I , : I I - I I 1, I 1 7 I I 4 ,- I I I; I III;-II"II -I, III --iIII-I:III:, VIjIII,I l Ik-Raw~ WIT2krCENI IRt I I I u~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ OLD AND NEW MANILA, WITD THE LOGWEN PANIG. RIvGID ViEw FiGm THE OLD WALL ABOVE MAGELLAN PROMENADE, LOOKING TOWAED TOEF BAY HISTORY AND I)ESCRIPTION OF THE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPINES WITH Entertaining Accounts of the People and Their Modes of Living, Customs, Industries, Climate and Present Conditions OVER 150 ILLUSTRATIONS BY ADJUTANT E. HANNAFOR) Author of "The Story of a Regiment,'' "History of Cuba," '' Handy War Book," Etc. 210 1900 THE CROWEILL & KIRKPATRICK CO. SPRIN(FIEI1,I), )Io I() , COPYRIGHT, 1900 THE CROWELL & KIRKPATRICK CO. PUBLISHERS' NOTE.-The address of Messrs. Andreae and Reeves, late photographers for the United States Signal Corps, Manila, a number of whose views are here reproduced, is as follows: Philippine Lecturers, Cornwall, New York. I', P ';~ i C —, l-,$ CONTENTS I;t cllLan in the Philippines....................................!Legaspli and the Spanlishl Conquest.......................... Wi7here Are the Philippiles?.................................... Area, Coasts, Formatiotl and Seas............................. Mou lltains and Volcanloes........................................ IPhili pine Eartllqu akes...........................................,.aisolls anld C(1l linl te................................................ oT, lsoons anld Typl)hoo ls......................................... 'I '1pilation and Peoples............................................. Tile "ULittle Negr)o Aborigi les.............................. Thlic Igorrotes of,uzoil........................................... h;i'e Hea(-hullters al(nd Ting, uia es....................... 'The Pllilippille M alTays............................................ i ttr (Conunl(lrunlm The Filipillo................................ Ti e Filipino's Slatllishl Tutorilg............................. 4M usi( a (nd Superstitions.................................. A Lanld of W omen's Rigllts.................................... i'tilippine Dwellings............................................... ress, Manners and Customs................................... A Filipino W eddilng................................................ hilipp)ine HousekeepiS ag......................................... ' iillage Life............................................................. 'le Village Fiest...................................... JM:llila, the Eml poriul............................................ Tl e Bay and Port of Manilal........................... The W alled City..................................................... -illolld do a dll New M anila.......................................,treets, Police, Hotels and Street- cars...................... AGE PA tG8 Population: IMestizoes and Creoles.......................... 63 9 John Chinaman, Millionaire and Pariahl................. 66 10 Colleges, Observatory and Lepers' Hoslital............. 6') 12 'VWaterworks and Cigar-factories............................... 71 13 Native and Other Markets..................................... 73 15 Newspapers anl d Fiestas.......................................... 7; 1t Operas and Garroti gs............................................. 78 18 The Sport of Cock-fightilg...................................... 8 20 Along the Streets of Manil a.................................... 83 22 Foreigners' Life in Manila....................................... 86 24 1 'he Suburbs of Manilal......................................... 89 26 Cavite and the Navy-yard....................................... 91 27 Lagua de Bay and the Lake Country................... 93 80 The Chlurchl and Its Arcllbislop............................. 94 3 2 Tlle Religious Orders............................................... 97:4 Native Hatred for tle Friars.................................. 99 3i; Spanish Administrative Methods............................. 102:8;I Otler TiSme-honored p ish Ways........................ 104 40) Aguinaldo and the Insurrection of 1896.................. 107 42 Luzon: Physicall Fealtures, Bandits iand Railway.... 111 43 Subig Bay, Mildoro (and Palawan........................... 114 45 The Visayals: Panay and Iloilo............................... 118 48 Negros, Ceblu, Leyte and Sa ar............................... 120 5%) Sulu Pearl-fisheries: Tlhe IAoro)s.............................. 123 52 Mindanal o and the Sulus......................................... 126 )4 Products, Trade and Currency, Animal Life............ 130 58 The Filipiiio Insurrectio........................................ 134 (;0 Estlablishing Municil)l (iove('nl'lllents all(l Schools... 138 ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE 8ll and New Manila, with Lower Pasig..... Frontispisec Company of Filipino Insurgets.............................. 20 Admiliral George De ey.......................................... 7 A M estiza of tle M il le Clas................................ M ajor-General Elwell S. Otis................................. 7 Tagal Servants and C ildre, ila...................... 21 1111boo Bridge and Village Street......................... Wealty Filipinos i Eurea Dress.........22 Aliterican Troops Embarking on Cascos, Manilla..... A Family of Negritos. 2.. FIriner Headquarters of Coimmandant, (avite......... 0 Negrito Hunters, Father alnd Soi...........................23 A stralian arrior Throwing Boomerang................ 11 N tives Spearing Fis............................................. 24 Nortl Australian Beatuty of the Ginn Tribe............. 11 Igorrotes Hunting in rTheir Forest Jugles............ Corregidor Island, Entrance to Manila Bay............ 12 Tribesmen of the Hill Country, North Lzo.........25 Typlical Pllilippine Lighthouse.............................. 1 Head-!hunting Gaddane and \Wife.2........................... 2( Volcano of Mayon, Southern Luzon........................ 14 lAmerican Troops Tenlting in a Banaa Grove........27 (raves of Soldiers Killed at Capture of Manila...... 15 Tagal Hamlet in tlhe Foot-hills of Central Luzon... 28 ('C1urch of San Augustin, Manila, Showing Earth- River-boat, or Banca................................................ ' ciquake e RffteOtse.......................................... 16; Three Philippine Malays.2................................ 29 iew (on1 tile Pasig River Above Old Manila........... 1 Company of Filipino lIsurgents it Mausers....... 30 (On a Country Road, a Group of Filipino Youth..... 1 Rafting Bamboo to Manlila......................................31 Tagal Families, IManila, in Caromatas..................... 1.) Hauling Water on a Sledge................................... 32 v ILLUSTRATIONS PA Old Church at Malate............................................. View on the River Agno........................................ Tagal Belle and Double-stringed Harlp.................... Band-stand and Miniature LIuneta iln T',wn of Bay A Street in Tarlac................................................... Filipinas of the Middle Class.................................. Filipinas, Three in Favoriite Squatting Posture........ The E scolta, M anila................................................. Building a Ballay, or Native Hut.......................... Native Women Wealving Pina (IClotll...................... Church of San Francisco, 01d I Mailila..................... Mestiza (irls in a Pilln-weaving Establlishulllent....... A Filipino Fam ily Toilet......................................... Visayan Peasantry and Their Htll.......................... Native Washerwolmenl.......................................... Carabao and W ieeled Cart..................................... Native Village onl tile Islanl of Negros.................. Bamlboo Raft Loatled witll Cocoa:iltls..................... Majaijai, a Typical (Sountry Townv, Interior Luzonl.. Rural Filipinos inl Holiday Attire........................... Lake-boat in General Use 1on Liagulnla de lBay........ Major-General Elwell S. ()tis land Stalf.................. Mouth of the Pasig, or Ilnner HIarbor of Mlanila..... Camp of American Troopis on C(orregidor Isla.l... Manila Baly, with Dewey's Line of Advance........... Bamboo Intrench ment of Filipinos......................... Gateway Through Old WVall, and DrawlOridge\,......... The Luneta, Manila........................................... Manila Cathedral, with Bell-tower of ()1ld (Catlhedral' Forrner Wooden Bridge Now Repllaced................... Puente de Eslpana, or Bridge of Spain.................... The Escolta at Eleven O'clock in the Forenoon..... Junction of the Escolta and Rosario, lBinolllo........ Chinese Petroleum-venders, Manila.......................... Scene on a Tide-water Creek, Bilondo.................... So-called Canal, and Bridge and Shops, Binondoo.... Mestizo Youth of Wealth........................................ Mestiza Belle in Rich Evening D)ress of Pina' Silk. M estiza Flow er-girl.................................................. N ative M ilk-w om an............................................... San Sebastian Quarter, Ma llil. a................................ Chinese Peddler in the Interior of Luzon,.............. Rapid Transit in the Chinese (Quarter................ View in San M iguel, Manila............................ Dominican Padre and1 Pupils, Manil;i.................... M estizo School-teacher............................................. Pumlping-station at San Juan del Monte................. Cigar-factory Employing Only Womlen al d (,Girls.. Interior of Henmp-pressing Establishmll ent, Manila.. Boats Laden with Produce for Native Malrket........ Wayside Tienda, or Refreslhment-lboot II................... Side-street Native Restauranit.................................. Threading a Mountain tRolad in Central Iuzo,....... Cafe and Chocolate-factory, Malnila........................ (iga-rette-factory of Arroceros, Near ATW lled (City.... The Motionless Figure in tle Hot Sutn................... Execution by the Garrote...................................... Anlateur Cock-fighting........................................... VW alled Canal, Binondo................................... Sentry Duty on the Old Wall................................. An Im provised Cock-fight....................................... Moving-day in Manila-How Furniture is Handled Tagal Famtily Out for an Evening Drive................ GE 33 34 35 35 3( 37 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 46 47 48 49 5t) 51 52 53 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 (61 (61 62 63 (64 65 65 66 67 (67 (8 69 70) 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 84 I i I i I t PA E Filipino Maidens with Lottery-tickets................... 85 Warehouses of Smith, Bell & Co., Manila.............. 86 Full-blooded Native Fruit-girl................................ 87 Native Tailor-shop, M anila...................................... 88 Weaving Hemp and Other Fabrics in a Native Shop 89 Old and New Manila, Showing the Various Quarters or Suburbs, Piers, Railway, Bridges, etc............. 90 Burial Wall in Paco (Cemetery, Manila................... 91 United States (Governieit Offices, Cavite.............. 92 (Gateway or Entrance ThroughI l tile (Grealt W\tll of C av ite................................................................. Pasig River Bathing-place Nt (Qiui:)apo, Manila......... 94 Arclhbishop of M anila............................................. 95 Thronle-rooml in Palace of Archblishlop, Mal'ilia........ 96 Church and Con vent of Mlajl ijn. i.............................. 7 Venerate(d Shrine, or Chalel, il (C vilt(................... 98 Churlch of San Sebastian, AI\anil:............................ 99 N ative Coach( m a, M anil a 1...................................... 100 A L ittle F ili in a..................................................... 1 )0 Large Gateway into tle Walledl (City.................... 101 I(Montojo's Flag-ship When Dewey Was I)one \\itil It 102 The Converted Sl)anisli (; 11u)bat I1ua d(e B1ay... 1(03 Old Sptanish Prison, M anil..................................... 1(14 Native Mech:anics Carrying a Roof..................... 1 Former Spanishl Barracks oln Corregidol r Isla.l...... l 0I)i EL nilio A guinaldo.................................... 107 Opening of Filipino Congress tat I\l()lo)s.................. 108 A M ilk-vender in M al nila................................... 10 Filipino Peasantry of Interior Luzon l..................... 109, Filipino Celebration of Independence, 1S!)98............. 110 Street Scene in a, Village of Albay......................... 111 Plowing Sugar-lands of Pampangas....................... 112 Street in San Fernando.............................. 112 Drying-yard in the Sugar District of Pamlpangass.... 113 Coaches of the Manila and Dagupan Railway........ 114 Field Telegraph Station near Angeles..................... 115 Nine-inch Honatoria Gun on the Luneta, Manila... 115 Rear View of Nine-inch-gun Battery on tle Luneta 116 Reserve Picket Post Near MT ilt i l............................ 117 N ew Cathedral at Iloilo.......................................... 11 Natives Fishing on Pasig River.............................. 119 Ermita, One Mile South of ()l Manila.................. 120 Working Up Squared Tiimber into Lumber........... 121 The First Decoration Day in Manila.................. 122 Moro Chieftains in Mindanao................................. 12 1Major-General MacArthur and Statff.2................... 124 Moro Chieftain and Household, Min(danol............. 125 Independent Moro Chieftain, XVarriors, et(............. 126 Signaling fromn Tower of Caloocan Church......... 127 Siginal Corps Telegraph Station near Manila........... 128 American Troops Quartered at tile Trilulmil, Malol )s 128 Amnerican Troops Clearing a T'li(cket of Insulrgel s.. 129 Sugar-mill in Southeast Luzon................................ 130 Carabao and Vlheeled Cart Hauling LuImbe.......... 1 A So-called Canal, Manila...................................... Filipino Farmer, Wooden Harrow an'( Ca:(ral, o...... 13. Great Fire of Insurgent Origin DIstroying Tondol.. 1'14 Major-General Arthur MacArthur......................... 135 Brigadier-General Frederick Funston..................... 135 Major-General Henry W. Lawton........................... 135 Infantry and Battery on Outpost Duty................. 136 A Home of Wealth in Manila.................................3 Lawton's Ammunition-train Drawn by Caralbaos.... 138 II I THE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPINES aahadon Ait she rwu did. And the wrdethed phe~y wnhc uie her tc the hist was stineyfavford hy fortuitocts eiiretfieslanrs, Ililain lay quite off the wiruld's great highw of trauch Even the ubiuii~t toils "ghhed 6-rotter" gave it the cclv sh6oluler, cot r fns h'ciiillWingprb, hy way ci I hfng-Kccig; to Shaighai cc Japan,; hut also6 blic6s the cobppy 'da sea iq thle cice,,t linpleAaeat corneri of thes Paufitiu iioikt iig bhim glad to he speudilv done suith l. Thuegnus that suewIal c' elsgalr dai ersa for thle cicat neglected Valnahle coloniy on 6ifb hi addlitioni, "w'wlu I teivey sut the slurs of ocr thug 11iiicng the' ant ipiidal uciistv'hlatjions oif those Oir~ienu siv's, lie iinpcsvduipoii the Aiiivrii'ae ph~6icie ai'upouw lie)' eaiiiiit now avois'iii To h'lwli Aniericn reuder gain a hutter knoivledgo ot iiii iilsvh acqytired were uherlaund in t hi'far Pacifi is, uiuiii ly suhy thi yla chne leis4 hiuii wuritheti. it is booiehul'i tkHAt fits unitiAlly i'ctptute unvh lavishly expie'isivv' style iii illustationi A ai'sIr It A iuv(.EmE DiEXEv uill fiirtlhier this chJJect iii a iiics phcaitg Teaeeer; sI i~t idsiv' ehl hl lii'ii q iiuildiuie ii ad fnluewu AV l ui''i'i oters utihul vlitav' liiti d 'tu t reihippiuii' iltuts ulitlONluact iiiiiid hile' lau'"s' I herauiiuii ofeand 4wl e 169 iiruupi'aissp trhuiii sr'shifiig scith iil ttaste ihi the Paur 1Vast, wvu'r, bietter iiifuurtiu'd Yet tiout soi very Muitthi, t ir thii IJcer't u'iutitrsih ln th(we ishiaisls sitc hefuir thu, Pilguitui Fautliurs su its teverh~st dug hu (hue tmaniger utuuuuug (hue niitluuus. It uuitluv'r devuehuhid thfic itself nut' suiti'eeu alt)' 6ute else h doi so. F gcNo~rsthios nio othue' ticu toot4f hatt Spafin's perunission to tread thueir shore, auuitd fist& she eve denjoun'd thc petaty of death tim fuureige mueruhtats prossmin ng to setl ini Manila. I tme wake of the world's prog. russ, anid tiinder hresttr front writhomut, Spain bat seventually to WIti~ urjaosecuieesheMJStEEA eus.Oi THE I'IC TURES)UL 11111II'IlNS I11 Ph~tiililpiilie wilutids ero(e Oii nunid Iii h riii i itiolees ltviig iwee ire line('11AV T i~~hiff) I, the higoot Iking of Slwhut Mxi6 bo i no Hiiiud o6nu1thnbri hundr-ed kulesur iweotirod o Iroun pen died orb gloious reiotune ft out itt 16 th II Ores, utul to Portodili een nten 1I61h0nd; then stone Pliilifiwo lk ighres in 'Eilktod ht- u ii IItli-fetir. His9 holiness49 Ihlnod IIo il' citipetont lore us1 the Iruel14iid of 'Ihin6dv r Muru7" Mid fic loeinli i In MIItunnool trudit ion' In djid thi ito theo afir o Iorth 6l the IIJ9 o fttoorindA Intl Wirtlihl gtitiinIIII ioroe 0 uivejrese, if neees'uireliil ne1er i6 fii qeii it ii ox In pieres4 ini Ilie h)irdish lni liel nod erlint the in iei~t ir leoIIi it TI Oerophr Itoil, ToI'ini 6t it. to Ih Itotludlin. The nuitte4 dotegltf 1(~ o fr uprlietoold tttll thei e'illtin is r~oundtl didI tioA t loreeo` irhrli.h oi~wever,4 )oo uflnuist itl f u eentryill tm tlIn ttn I tfiull thlint ns stii re If ollow ILike enoil~( ehl ii islund loot b~heeii 66 die Hrol id eluified fur Sni it. dreti the, Spttittrds9Ab til Port giiose 6greed tt ltrigxtt, 11int let iiu lieio At the~ tig il.It iron itt 1493 t iinlIeitt their h res),tiee irgtlieres~. hi6t Wront shoobl tlti Pojnt Alexanfder Xl, inodrtolrbn iilseei0w ilterodnejI the~ Ihiei of Itnigitiulo di rIdi tI s lyrlintn l0lk~ ietbireei 'Itrint n~fiifer 'ltimin eritirtloi stilieren of jintuette at Ijli of lier side o~f the6 gloW?6! tltelllneVe terr itol itl v inkngtt isyesi rstlyethta olti lIig IIlteMtoon Mo ptthilik lt ti btt isipgnoigt 8pt06 l ltt'i uue o Spire slnd J1 Itietweeli66 I 'elehe iOA Nuor IiItli&M LEFGA V AND) THE SPANiSH! CONQUIT 9 FOndinandw Mlagll'ai Vman a inuadi at,iat igpato o lli ifo fui a shaoe dirh a i dh the lates Air naginstUs (19ilat dint i inlini Oul(Tiagniii lit% Ii in htCpioi mu fii fiaildonas odlsV oii thu liiitIn 19iaidiii(6 Al iinii Iyinii couiiii of li'a native 0fifituty',Piitin"Al, ha touiiilnu lila u19 lon iiiidi C~i h ln1iui an Ida fat hunnoofnn aunnVICna to S'paiti, usIstialaoi t liets b oloifi iioi ti halu alvoaoh ii onh h a Cotoi pbnan~i to Claintil boy anll'lI cauntinly unauli thin Al6hii 11 Am' 'st fitatum dud hum (amutia casit arinoammu Ih C!mi~ I Iooiiii Ilmupa. h in nallre yeart toidun tin I oiim a in hiitunm iti sIlp tim ohftinthudma. It ml~ so.ryAI ma pnuamitle Thi lu mtu liciicl emii mmS tut ota ua thu ils thu dst AVr mVitit Al 1gm liu 1ln uplu In Auml'mpim' m a humfmum1illwi extil omiiII uiuikumim um m atml uut l~i," Aiuamtum'aae!Timmimo t e uu I Inuuiai i't Asm'mmO, Nntmu t'nuns 6 - tumnunnotum ti mimi m: ta iut iA mmummhi hummolhi mlthmf tIm muamarinlutuila hu'muluau lofiotil 0lii 11aa uum'aa mm hau tumult tlmmuauuml mufo fiUllVmm''Im'N m i u Ia t min f Muinmdhuum mia thu mm mmlikit'f im'. tahin' tmnRSSM'ith uuf hu nm'mmm' hu tlutuuiumg ammmmma i mittii thufiw W61itu mm1 th hun uim'l utunm'um'm'u'uu 91ah'oigluii t hum ummumuum' uuf Gid;m mm'mu' I oimmia'md lilaO m'm'uu ma1p1's I V(ASPIt AN I) THEl SP1AN1S1 (iON 01t'EST! fIlk, PhllIllpplina, hIm'um t' mmju'm lmmm' m'm cpnim1 mmi'immdmmi uro i'malln lmm''' ii i\ mutti NOu mmmm'mumlm VI ) I mmIkmlii~ Mitlguti'h tdm t'm'utiu''ye'arn ut Ii ly i illaiii a mimi',, It, la mu mm'mmmum'u lM'e hi'u html sm nut mu1 utmid i ii fmmii thin mu'uau'nu Zaulil liu~jl,iimt human I uium I hi it alum' mma uabl uthui'i i' mat- slmmm'i'a mit' NOWm Stah uU I o'upi Wm'ag t hue I 'fiptuuu, mmiii 1 muldlA' umumulmi bimmn l 4i u m uuuuhu thet'am au'mu uumt aim iiiwdi'l Souflt limit '89Iltuu iii muhum It I m II tIlii i seIii thin' F~i'f ant, lm'mmeum Iium6 Me 'uould mit th'ut ap'hg m'i m'6uuul' flid'iiu'l huolA' mmitt Iihun rui'uti' 'iitliorui it linn UgIAu uuuuum'm'u almll Were'dis thu Iu huli -u' n riumi't tim t~muuul lifliu iii tbhin l iud 6uf CIbiiu mmldiii Iiumtm' Pru'oi Wu'uuuu mum'l uothuu luuuiut mmi sasu'mid Liemu hmula msa u'hi'nemi' t unilni ef'ots'uuuia arandmmnmgetm'mm'ut unithiju mipiift uiu I1 lm'u t nu fi'amnl huiln lIdOdia 1 r auutu'at. umuuitin tim ttum'uuu umias tin mhma'tmu'd lito hum uumhu'u thin nuAm''i tlilt' mit thin' Knun' ot Ity ti6y~ mf Nna ti' puhiI, tin Alm'iua unIt((Ws thuu'u i'ulM'd. Aaut Ie Attii' I~ lnt'n be fuuiuiiil it 6'umhuuy mmml idI dmi ittin l''aish Nuutiiliilt11ioi', uiui h''su muitugly6 i b~~ utiihfau'uu I glum' sufhimhtA hum uettlertsn tiM, mi fayu'ni nAtha fhic St. Lkduizius gr~i'nu The napailit lil l~irond ii-itl jI. mut'l'n tint'nutafnutug Ili' tint uu fiad I p it a jtiifallout', aiitmi the gtuiui' ouf Spunlotgh un'6i'uufiitiuu huiA'mitv 6 tut thi' ft itt thi uuiijni't rutm' 10 THE PICTUESQUE PHILIPPNES RloportS rinching han ot A pa odlkaa~ taxid ma 6rafiaaaie> Merit of &t ajuial dligaaaty asth lir ikiah~aaa6 of AI w Oialy ric6h dliadomi haualerd M11 or t n a Inw dyays Sai He wvas quito impressod wkit Iaaho po(ssiiaIhIoS of trado ditafot hoe wookt ira sonoch 6T it; hlo sloips hogioig with Ca(athay, u t1 Chifia had loopg been koowia through, upin tho ha0 one wdloch It&O wo S wa in aaoanorital iracnlrW& talon ( Ianos jooks too horbn to to hahlit fhour. A nuti no towi Wanu alread y aaa oxast44ac whom fraaa iaaa iAaa aaaraaaaa~ial aaf raaaaaaiag aolaaa taa Man'aa )lal Maaaadaa,~6 alP tlr acllral aiy laf ua gtanat, Aaod aI aaaadr tho tuavniafg aaoctharast aaaaaaSaaaaa ehal yrear, anaitca kinig trail lun ooaar1 taherea Ih laa atto POaar~ takiiag ad~anlaataaaa f thela satitlaiost aaaoiaS6aoa to rotauraa. failly aOrtatra tiar Meaalra Het ra aoad tflao Sfaaaista TPlay taasrtoroa I tair C-aataian gaaaal faat tare f atari-s aaaaa kinag aas lain aacrlaad. aaaad iaa 1h7i Lrgaanti, rraagniai- Paraal ais arlaida tar aaati~ co hraaagh Ala ontaagsiale iaa isag its aaaagtaitrirn ad halatagoS acf tnarat iaaa tasrtaalinad 64oaaaas, siaacr ttar wary (crlrstiaal acaaulajotaaa a rai Main itaa tarh ther raaliaal aaf thr Phillippraifas, haI biaa thanaotcr ana oiaahaal. Logaasai aacoaaraagma flais t raale. aalCello; laa, iaaagla ait an~u larvi~m a I a attor cItle A d hattl cy itt I ii ("laifia Ventuaredt alsaore. WIHLRL AREL THE PHIL1IPPINES L ITTLa did nlrraat tilao cual tar of Madaaridt, iaa 18176, tlaaasiatiaa hlalhn-aaaad fotaaa mast I rea itA aalton groallrni L that III SoeaarIiag troaaty rociiagaiit~) [iaaty Enhglanad anidt ha oorra alogrSors ant hnaast nqaaatoriaat hiatgit aaet, aand (~ioraalay ia aa Spuaainla larbtodiiitlart acor than Sialaa oar say sonora haailrodm aaaikas ar hip bigba it Wa ~Sfimlpy Maaalng arra engoaaoats to Madaal Is s~afAatnd fr anl Wahtaita 't aaa Iiy ay MaudxtothIfa gh anat aaaatoially, a alaary aaf th laoIhatod ulraaaa ohar hoindr and 'aia xy-twaiio de o'es af Iang o Statna. Tbhiat arolitaialaagaa laaaa hai larOPvib ly l6Aos taade, whiolahara la na bt eightoena degroon of halt' waay cofaaidorotal ii paart of' thos pm abai Pl 1ihaita aone. At odo hy p'aiaa ta tha mafia]~ Sft.ie I ata P aro Treu*otaf 1813; tho aighippa Whch iiiho witlat a afIiac tre~ orS wi t a aaaaaaaag 'it tan aendr'Ai ii atoangituade 1113 6 a aa AdAlonag aid nAaaua thai' atalhau ut tatitiadi' 'dat Hanrl; ha, aa tlaraaaapha thei iiatitdlbo a lAichai (lam tlaaais') i'laaio Iial; wanhalip tfIb laaor tia alt F664iAl'i Said salineiii tao Iaag pa'aalaaais'd alao laaaipr' ftib t2l"; thOuaaa'o natha ahasag thsat aai'riliiaaa aa latitaadaa 4" 15'; thaoaao woat Along that parallol to longitodos hi9 3'd ha ~Furaig AtrAU~aARTaRa no Tari Sraaaaa COMMANDiANT; CAn~ap thaaaco atortha ahoag thaut Nwaope staaadSitapu'fis n a turgvrain aapuaa hw npg aneridi aa faa hailiuaho 7" 6 60~a ff~ o~s0A616~dft6h 6eiudtppss ssovt6p&9 401' (thaug avaidiaag hiritiha 1haarauaa); thifolio wonbt ahilag founda than glboho Thao to Amoerasicans chiaao Ancouthat parallel to Itiagittado 11 I"; thacraco northoaastorhy naorcialhy iait orostod null it ehoveat thn~onnaaa aailS forna in A dfirect hifne to thao initdsootion of hatitudo 10" and Noun York Fmoan San Frafaison6 hy thao "diroot ongatnal 1180 thaunon6 norith along th meradain haul root,; sIr btohing uimer alanost thao greatat ho hs of naba d to thn htjot of hegin fing. T has fh hhihip- thO eetha a diajaicter Ainerinan troopsi haiveA ocean pine archipel~kiago treth fiaca aaortha to south aaore vaayage of soven thoustanfd ailes hbofore sighting than fifteet degrees of latitudeina round nuaaaheas a Manilai ha'. Thc conAuaercin routes lunchinig At "EIIRE ARE M~E PHIIPPNES?11 Ii'ohiJlfilb id 11uibg-]~hkui.i a fir6 iii gi ervoihm 'mo 0 mifes. Fromi MAoifii to Singapore.~ thm deed reide loopyer. Alto6 greAt-6irele rmite" rerelies lJint idi settleoieot an the enid of the Malay preonisulr Aftfr64 ii I to til xIeI iefAlert tnt iSleds, rod, neduel tflie is alsodfi 1,900tht rles to thes nereskt Afiistndii4 ports, I~i iiri ttii l'ireeet of thes 10ast lodidi Jh itid', iiilnd i' a1 lipeiii~ly ltit I& Very onlir thle 'suitothieriiiuiuu t1h li Ploti 10 lii's is iiuleu onit ther Diitii lrukssesoiis "uifid lififitshl N iithi Bltorii(6 in itilIle retill jarit(!Ji di Jli iuulatm'O ifius aoe oitidyi 'iya limitdlbuiiter" nOtdA 1 it Wy sIlth suuih ' I A m'se, p jallu'sui fegsriiesW et h lii iihra1 tuimi ut Duit~i li aoorniio hu is p it~ at 1;10uty Ihuil oru iboit ixio',InueJ tliat iftt le IB'itigl hu tiii t thu. l'iiin (iuufu tirsf i'toast; whet AAsurtknAtil Wkituetr Tanrartq IBraeer The nuftarener hetwee there ulesear I avags' the iiphiai ii es ihd gfeat utsfthice hto fi30 mhlI ilea, i~ thu shiorateit faILl force4 it utis yf thoretir'al; futuetanufidek cat uaniis Wil uo itt ke ul t if heutsi' uof t'tg nar thu Alntut'iiin 'Islids ii suttmtmer, Atudio gal9 III wuntut rThel Northteen I'Ae1it niuul' afteitutg Whos Itorip arne toadi' Wuitlh trot'I~hh tlertulu taeciion, earn' llunhruhuu tifterut it diied utul p uo thin ututhi, anud by way rof tuk6ohaonnta andI 11hog'i~fog enable the voy' odtAffAINlgit 9TbG itd ager to reiach Manila at f li end of th,75f08naAauaraEASYo n iaTta tui)*lea i i Fro llo6ng'Kong to Mtanila in 628 miles, touches,' is flue printcipal ceniter of Btritishi tithacoefi 'thought thes more nasual trhjr-direcitly across to north' Celehes, east rut Borneot, Wtthu 1,600,000 oplaioumhii; 'Went Lotion, then down the Lotion coast-adpprox' has long beeni held by flue Dioteli. B TI/F~~~~~~~~~~W PtC TiEJI7SQUE IPHILIPPNESN (Cettictanti INiANic, E(NrvNanv to MANtILA BAY, THtE FAMtOVc (CnitEGtiini I MTt'HOnUSE ON T11W ittnaeeT Native viillagv wan feenier 'tcnnifih guard-bieuee in the tniceeauncid the tents nf the American garrinen en the farihei side of the coee AREhA, C(,),A.ST'S, FORMATION A\NDS~A LI W irany inpj(lAniii mak iQ I thePilpeie A eavacee thai itte JNti, XNve( SMIAlicl4ei ill Ili cl iiilniii tin Siaitiiiili cill~iecl tnateinent Anrav iti, ci~i le tkl( hire e'enn ki iceci ehiniu alntt it, tI cii nizi in theo v tc -ire' WI'itOi'c 6f I'vpTtv wihe epeak cci' heitt. The ie evict' O hliccln e i a 1invteti h ecte i ii i'iitiiijti iiiliahbitldv inakilli teiiil V. Ttcv iihlive v oto iite evinaiif~tl vti tti en 6ihcianl. Ntlicilcici wiithii fi I ii i16ttetihe h~idItcvtclA of finicc'v ccivhe iii the eva. Attcctct hncienV el'tits)6 h11i'iia in Iiciccetibut, tltehi botti jdilt neettin theici YnIv'i-ti' geee. pthitectit In cIi thte s'tic vllegficey, neill etc till i icoti i Thle lenid alhec Ofi lic Phihpicu len mael he~] pilacol uivehud tre NA cce)A mci~ litIniarg clvto10 ci in tiiicil a.It tilirictIi ii 5;tutu Ail tiii wleA tiItvi hcevlv iiili S,4iiiii. III the Seilit caiccinA Slenteim~ vale teen" Ifi~tkica itit 66ifcibiiiitt t ckifft 6i ii'ienliect NiW ci ittely diigtinvd ii Plgtivit. A ilnite eveci ltenlic iii Yiefk, Cificc fticiiiii fitclcid il 'cccid N ii ecithiclcteA it Neiccine t4 fl ci~ ev 6cc fh6 6McetVel Inegont wmlA icc I" q~ atud Petici tci ttiii fl tteit S110 i]n ice ccii lee e itiiA hutA cc lcceicc ii iitt I v(t I pipne jnflo te:mitildn ctij I it I"ntirv7iitg aticgl iiIctiitiititttttivneiictnin I ceiccie, 5I00 Pap1a:Ilc, hi/ti;, 't16vitaitictlie t,50At)l~f dievltiffiiieiiit t ci ir 'It nil ti int Silianjigi jIi fpith c Itii evlit tii nitirfice eitheriiiitt il)ifitli)ite O hiilIly liblve Wlevee thiere tue6 hidu tit liffi ii iiit itt iniilfl intii ii] he theA it~ienifi ilseevl iitce teetic tee itt con litt wardn iieiiyq peciiehl 1 (Ii' ceiciitie cellvliftee cM`iA edit it-i lil tenelt atlifynehee hi lhic Pit illipflve tilcitie1 dii ic vedftieitei hin i fece liri-ger tiietin tiiiii ececicciete, cc had tlcitAindiiig elevens neil( eeice Aaie frc,4tieiity laicciveeci[ nic rle e ia tic c eveii lb'i ile(NIcItIe' ffeeiic the goiveic- teitli huitiiiin4, nlitech AAin iii ci [ev 4iven, tiatificinerly Iii pvent. 1~)igqiit ceitli liii ilva iucivty of ttice eli egice iig xat iti piahiI cIf e civiiayfe t hieWeevef will he6 Ifiliigafi iiii to iiieiiieiii the lifiitited hfirdly A voifiltec en earfth in bivtte' icitered. The6 oar eveni prvvaviiiieg t6ifftiv iii Spaitilih ccitpd6 m veicini ave gcehOiiViei high.l Shoieiiiite hel~ive f eithcl The iiiftffv ctniic ventO i'iim ilve in 'ii Lum, C 'el tAit iiiiivh tIA theO Avelmi 1iteigi lang bmevi imitivaved fetau thb Panay, hut evvioi t'loie itiil initiit ly Lanamaiiinv ~fimim eva e ithii wht edugIv I etet ilt o]ov JAH k6inune, 0 then~ jtdgaimili ifiitiififidiin amiii ffmeenin tiieineiiudno iii[ alimhivila lJg fvciii the ica I eee iiigro64f ipiig inuihiii lv a ie eantn MOUN7uIINh AND VOLCANO/SS mid fron lt th6i-oud hti(it6o roii fottr tntaijid, ooitijiai 1MU1414ith. ii ta it t ti i ott SOiSo hartatit 0Otuice Ifg~oj iitidol diii rhout ttoot LtAtttt1 ot ~OA9. it Ofttt ott itodMatau ett iiatuo ott ppt ooot it0 t4 tO~ MOat ii OVPVt wat piut 1tt thu ulatirrotlito, mihp ~oi'totdt i loi Ad h1v imiutlat kppt at tit tIttuLt tt t i'd ttttts~i gtiup Q61tiiturat v opeioakug, tiut iii i ot fto oo6 oat ii6 i otto ittitiOU 6fitt i o thalt 1416t~ ptosot o'y btihoik, tt-ii'tttr 6t)ott-otdtts, fitt wii ittt itot itt ki gout( shupo aiud 'ttotinoe of O6t tO wCaitt cuitiviio iiiata foruduig Itaot gtdi's. httvo, otth t itot It 0otoa ''iii it tho A'oiitt, t~g f thiid afid Mitt 111s I ~ 06iiio u tilttst otoiito' lthtno cori irotol it tho di1a tri id'ititte otrottuit 'tttto ot 'oit"t tiud ttroitty td ito ct t itt~te 1n- i hittour. It to unit;ronioT1t1alhtu ot itto Oitt otir tiqe ui fotttqttuiuttu tt ttiiiitooA", Ii tors h p)rt doojimo, Attotii PItfilo tuit(tt'uo (0769oifdtu tirtuttoit itt ~ittofl tt rarotyl itot it'd O t t h(, tytoittn iitot uu ttti y i th XIr I uth II tir I utt ritti out rtiotti w w e (iitti t li a.0" lf('1it' Sann anp Patinl MaatrhcPigaIppann~ fwnerly enuuiuiuiteill we the intc pned the tO~ fiot Iim'i a uk:F'6 T nfifittiuuttti ittg'tA'O6 litt Itui'd iii ited byuu' nfutf ii ito,- Jtapd it ti'ro tioti iii1 at'i'o'i'' ti~f int'44 utoro'titutt'o guut'tt uut ttuJt itt Isi, 4t1'uiuu ibadt odo'ut ~ fi uttir hiuteru'i'1ooothie Nortatht'ittt'i,fliu'cg tie tack wo iff otuittil O d the'T'tttu ioal u'ut( tut i''I. Ii Itt ttMtto f uoto uu tito.tt i uuitddi tuat iti tit'iu t'iouptuue au'tlu i ie' Ait'uidttt'Isu \fud ion- tioi uututiugititi otuuuttdito. A tout' peuh 14 THE PIC TUR'S)UE PHILIPPINS VOLCANO or MATON, 50ALNAY, SOUTHERN tenO Anamotpefctcne t os rceulyfn teplio eow atio nbrao r dal olai ahegssiis s e 80111trdsitasiMans, whteosok iieossily uslostslndIgs Mlc in lii ilans 11,A1 feeot. I xeeptdneit rishesi thaefcl friom ite lis delow lii iiths othbr hits a hediead itl teyi'a oreiii silseivehto vdaover 8isl us Inc I hi Maee ones twhit I inke liiiolenssi'tls ro'ee illet~d. heitse wast AlMiedo al owe 1le3i2 moo. I Ex~itiis esle'ins ahs is~s aJ I lii s II ol ardIi tinhiaas t ueLie bile Wiiiulhs the drisl ar'e s'islasl Idt'v iiies'hleise o sub i oissr lireImaliy ii sh~at'e' s'ssis sfiish if at clset y killeesds iwsho'l I es istandsl isis the exteesnea n~iieh lii Its'Ieel se's 'int I ' h dl if 1 iins' Al ti lii' st rd sli'e'nl i istios the towiu' v'iIaldly es'uleisit is di Injir6i'issilatIsgnos- of enIid 1isi sils o ITsal is9 sdiii ~d, AMu sJod st If lie itoslitalulasl 'iisolsai'esl is'i I its forers's s'solpi'-e' E'sen lfsss'sinpe's lss'ihold's I1 le' pis'sciii tossi ic oil sotbti'i sil. islioi eeAsio' liillink silsiss u'6li",ioe's'i"' aun gisi~. of lie liks iii 1A I i silsiss st ilAnsd salt 'aests' fish, dange's' ift faset, these' s'fitissiis 'g'ivs Ie a eliii of ssssleicftiig thsat 'it oils tisse' the' volscisss wass esssseites seni'ilty tss all s'9x'''It tlssis iii the minis sliW sic i issi 01 ish sil Ii os'e'an esmisisii ciosatis Iss ing ge aslislly s'it as0 cisiesisaiig thats Nsf ss'e9 ssi4'Y s'slvs' ar'e iii w'iiik" f sl'by the Ili'liiliieof sit (is b 555 esfiti~fiiiis (f osss'li isig isi'les' MIAss grealfily silisfishnoiso fii' ehsin'es fsir lsesdoels eisioisl Ilse Misessle oil se old Spsanishol ll'bv 'eai'thlisissiks' Theis Philfifsguneo hIisewvei' lhsove net isses uf Cavite' asoi al'tnigas sod the en1virono of sne1tleely guise' sot of' h osame snugbIsoifieso O)ff Mistilla. Fasts of Lake 1Tsal eigse the exi 6els'slano, the sossetis esoht sif lissilsbisis is is little ilisnil eallel sif Mssqifiilig. liiftesf his suIs Intlsesc east to M1ajaijjsi, lasisigoisi, on thes ossasly licashI of ivsliel A esslefoss 715120 feet tsigl, whose lasi ci isltlili was iii 17311. bghegsil geroe, irke tse Isosiss 05 61 sf; sabont 1872, Several high isileanie coe'sse sepseae toward the lintil none it Is twelve isnfissled tedt high sossthienotei extreeistily ot Lais/oi Assnissig them in Voely~five miileooots odth6 Manilho ins6 the isdot sf a Maly~ni isientissnei alsove6 dlii moot vidionoa of existing lake some liusidresd oeoaeo sinileoiso kexnt;o no Tial, thne Philipisisieb volesioso whose firest complebte nocent wan lomwen live V'illano in the world, esbly 850 feet high. smisd Iby two younbg Seotehien~f in 1868. It huron Tradlitioni inninto tnat here A sosseeJ lhigh oootinnui~i ond" e'oistantly; formning a heneon that ma~y he oeen fa oil deuily eollapoed and netileid limbd ito own hssoltess abyno, 6fn land noid nea. Rining graiefodly froun the ertile whiels biseiane tlse prenenft lake'. It ntull given not Idaine of Albay, it in am almont perfect coinwith P111 PPNIE EAR7M1QUAKES I 8 biase 41eiit fifty miles in circuit. The ricit e,, -sayA i s -elpf iil the darloless great steers, seineo of diceri ereptionis are prerqoede by ihg setseios boessv ilnaler- red-bet, hegain faling, and thee lint as~hes H4lrse groiisid Abd mu~tteri s eaiks~e dslt-iiht thfundef the aiss eat teHe in n i mie arenihl Were killed 'in the eairt ti teniblss, anid bidrds aisd aflumifieI flb iii dreaid. fields. Thlet. sJilAgOs Were set en tire. Their FinllabMayeni's Most terrnisf- wtirk~, ii flir A4recor-ded, urns ita et,se l~ong tn escape, were crushed 49iir&Aite Ltd enl ltebruairy 1, 1811, when, after thi inn1 it 6 teeth- Sn deep fell the aglbes ansid iceinpllsuci ig debrij that mary ear rtlnlsaes, and acco setasnse d li tess tserrible in seine pbices, the forests- icere btinned net of si-ght: benhaos the fui ii suddipl sd i ntted Fin Inmmense tpyr- A4hsny fuss risbi ipo Villages were & ritet gd aned ttwir mu ii sslitosclid biii it tOu bais and lsish-grav abnver sites eon miiiip vln lcetN1s,11xov thol~ i dns aslpiqlll Wer on siid incoibit shhi cii inn ut i i began peerinig fortl Is killed inl tuve hiiisi oft mere t bii Pefinpeiian horrurs. tutmuiss I ~~~~~I I t s sm - smiIail1-Sf F Itt, nsthlsuu I lsms- is A usela lsli sinoe fasloin~ tlineh A t bat los - aq us ii on mime ecetiing of Jun bO1, 1 SW~t F ise mifi-r l~rs 5,1 hts ~Isiosus sit, least us-earf attee a; diy of (tcs-slecgv 55- 1tret thu-re Was, aim 6AIsIrt iials very -s —men TIc tiehs-t cff-sruvikbua datels sif fltue stihrtk iii Anl-ssl- I-ttuetIis-i~ 1 tv seensuls,; iii which fsnr ssinsutcuaitl umlatutiry iiri I8ft, t 828S 18152, 18ittt3, 1 he4I listmmrid-il husuultu sum-ri ksills-d mmmii mbuihit t~l s tm5huuusihiut 'ms1 15811. Sir J1 mli tiswrul, eg must Isr oif "Im ii- si-siumils-i, minI tuu-ituertv usmi miissi nas sm tdim mlu- tki-w Fif Cmuss sit I (Sinai 1 ( tter I Ii uK mssluhli- suil h-I suis- mm ssslons ot d~sifIsis-s. Thi- romin oit this s-mstlsu-dm, Shsussgh ]VIls'susa, \vis Isis ldh bin em-ms hsIsighpsIlicitolums usi ilsu thes di-i e i h,isi ssi ss-ivutu issili us- it thlm is e ~ud uti-l mu~ rits If mmmd tf-ll thin ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~bi humi us tatusuep It's I mm mumit t(u imursl's WlI6 i mlim gic- sstsuaru-. n-mis, sluilsn-u dinttn. Saiys minus atho n-a iii ith - aA-Is qUmAls sit 186SIP "I xiri — liem am little tiniy hut tti lmuntstrs iii thtt -nipht I s-mut iuuv-sr fnrpd t h6ti s, a r t tII tes-ii itd aimd ltupt' tiasusres opened inl. thus gnobin d;uit me I duitl fminitinttgs were - Ifat - su-i-iyui-Ii-rn- ucutis ttueAturi-is ut tusa iisu ttui&ui smiusis tild thn-i I Iii ai. hiw usi-ri bIssurinil iii Itutu uuihs- - 5 e- a~~~~~~e inst~6 OAFe biuuiaea Fi-'u uini-hskgafitei-riward fi u yuu GRtim~sa OFr A~iuumumsaN Soucilsm~s Krim.1 ATm TI-Mum CAPTREi use Maulca, At'si0 c 1 I -8tan tb~tss fidAmml sit Piniustht 91letin )iii this- st rinsts tera ttmc Blnt is~si s-il, si-ru-l-u- iii h(s less, aiid it tli, i msdsld of st gUFOsstu-r lainst sit th liv ty mu-as dsa rufi-6ib"! 'Flu i-autinthi mimst'tss-nlsi u-u-ut iy wriuls- a biuuk dubomt 11m Pi'lmi- u~tsmks- m f 18511 Wu-ie1 toisin-ii c-sui-udtiigty dii-stninusta-e ililuem Wis dasls sitys: The'in dsstvnt-Nr-i raicigies mummul huntit musu-mrmuinti ie luc imm iddli- Iins tUu duty, ~ i trei hi u-liitips- huli it-u-il hiny in-mu-t liupiesiia srs- usssuuleursiisir liculinli) Aulrin sit tittift (fiiiduiniuttmytin'ti), itu iiiesi siwt' m`w4iusut-sshtfi-tlhimt iii tir- Phtm~l til)uiia 't'ie Inureb inini~ ttlin-im mu-i-i- sibls tim uuialm imutus 11mm- stisa-ts tsfnii lutitjrmnint ssuustmifisa, tille i-in tipA-ItIya, inls~itlint u-ai-us bsmihulhimgs tim usuinint~ 6intiwi atinsimt thein-t Oigii5 'I'Ie teiala-u Ctintes mintd 6iefttctrd Isui55uigi& treumm 11mm as-m tutu ii -l; u-ig riiknsit-i& l&-s te tre shfips its the hay. Sinsm-u-tTO itsiFriu i- 0 mmmf l tmiII t] Iii AlsmhuIn I il e thin- anus? mint l 6-rtfsums glitteredu ttutur iitiiid wills M imitafi 1mw 16 TH~~~~~~~E NIC UE~SQUE PHILPPINS Mtcernlcligc heatgfhlt tfihrogh2 sObt thea whole archipelago forignrs arfe cure t ic&e quark hoa cdooi the frightfull sperieticec~ of ancat Iikifhakein 04fei to h6 e forjoitfiih It is the dangeri frecfi their cis of peet ariforr Ificht that they sin not forget is chowit hy the I IS kept htifncing ni evec y iia. tire disdllfiml ccii cc Pooir, frotodar iftil ci ccci~ It ic in thitt ]ihalf An ceicty ago were AMRei gl, c iicilly Iii sic k c~iciic fillc Accicrich a ViiL 6 gicc'n 6if a cricic cicilcicted ciii ii little pinece if tini igl iiic on fop cal lice ciii tlcit MANcit cci WAcac icc ci gicsts or cciiif A cifii ccire Ily1 attair, it ccicr~t16i9i9 fc Ainche the ~iccais cit l1igitii actf jcr aiipy cicciiklyia ease Xarecic ccc fAs Aeeecricc MAccILA Sleipmeg HidawniciAck trErVaW c M j12 IE bl ieat of triopicc il cicaes are ecieraticig to ccc cicrge jiatis ccli oilfier graiul aly, ccci siccia iciarkeid T Aficiccucic c a keropean.i Sdicic ii5 the crest itrgichiciritic as to cictes icc ddtereiit ycicrs c`Exirsc citAfrlica cire ciecidir The6 Phidifiicfiii clcct fiii M in 6Iliath hid seascn idoiciclspet cal incHis ctindrlkice ficriccricinJti& While cc ahitie iccac critic Itlicrei April' d ciac l fdr ccii ticaaithed Ilcise6 it cciii lo r9i~gcir; yet critic icriicr care lie cciie hare cii is vecy cippressi.T he tbdricugict cif Apcrii and May 11~teiri far hits heldthn, rThe 1crinciipai foat iciceases a-re suggesVts special hirrecctico agius tires; this is the elc icicrfic ciii s0icbicilpie WWcIi icialaia trificicies Airt rife ceasicii cilsi adieu cccccsciccce ascii calite acatc spci'Ally ccciii welt laicii, the ficcfiWce lsticig fricii N iceiciceri scicitficely cccccscccccs Sicricig UP, ccii ffictlice relief is tic AINHIh the lattesr friccic Aay tic oretacher icir the whroccgit icc hedavy rains cctteniidil bcy thicinder-storocs iciniuc1i csieeillituaicc giesa three —tuel hut, raicir acid iirc freiticictly cit trrfitie ciccicicee ificrici July, Auigust ahIice cuiry suciiecricdit iceeciriicg tic icindity. Rainc the cccii 8eictefibcice cciii cicicis clari icc tficricits, t iccici THUIcri ec69iasfit Leecic tic theb sccictifirificuis cit thle silci Icy tin ineccos citliciit ficcierrIci cit eesccticicc ithe ircave Ycck G ty tic T inuPi, jFicnira still, All iceicig leticcic bccicio npcccllocci iri clges ci isucicliccir.dAtit i cciessaip regiciartii lic iocethis 6iiicii~icratiici is ci eec biccfnff I Nccic thecabici cieiiiciec fur getticag shaccit litl iccccit, ccii tdei lieniaccitii oirctrei ic ay chticiiers is Icc hbcat,. Seicteiccicer Averages ca sINO fii ccrciiicciesffutherIcicith Fargr atler cter the manyt sio ol ate iritytie itr c Nfl Ninee reutM rcg clc clsrhato ofthe acouitaisfifi othe yerit raicis cii iatci Nociciher The dry siceicnc;1avicatis th ar seas on ccincie si will he, season thact faillciwsfrcctui Nuccifitcer icr Illecciche to icoriccr fact to dice eciccuchier is that the aeascins Euro eas it Wicca VIc O cicl thcer ficcte niever didrci lIM SEASONS AND CLIMA TE 17 nofi ghI to jufStify the fioinie of "cold sasohefi that suithi for the Aouwican govcroinenl.ii T1w obserefacions of esievelopediasi gie ItC The windsi tire northerddly And Jesuit Missionaries t certaiji opoint fio soofnthieastr of tinorioffgs wooh'oi garnoneti aoid oto soomi oilghts A Miiodanaoi And at the towni of Kntulhooigh for (coii4 hlianhe feel eoiafotritahle; hot as the loeeintry 4scdooii sidrah ly Shorter per~iods are lke'is s'aloahle. The d copsg to ';5' and ne(er helose (lIT, fif~lrepace Arc Moles hooth at Maoifi laei Jan oars' With at fnkica of tfkosioown. Then' is ono day When hanld physical Ibaho md; in the wra rmtest May w;I ith A mean of nearly i" cooild hc eanure~d witd hoot at least diacomofornt limon Sm idi nuiforodly otWf itesperafitare strikes an Amferician Ithe healt, no wee wlen the pnook, or gfrea tove rdlie'l writh asois~inuenth bit it;IdI wondr~fudilly slimoplito iesth fan. iin time husliness olles, Ihstels eteit&i iiist swumk teat ol "dreesiiig accordfing hit the orviathcri" The iii umt~ I bitwe a tens peatore of over lttt, In tHIi miprvscioos of Emmiformisifty is deepeneid hy th E foe st tht simle is migot reachiesti lihe dite06rene beitween time loisgest aiid slmritlEt day The faisifiesi6 (ef weli-nodo Elfnropcns ipmint6e0- s Isi o1is nucione ~ic And f~imty.-Sevemi mnisiimmtes. Aind usetfil y spisd tonly lie eoolrI Seirisiiii iii Man ila, let hivi hi fitween gre C fis fnoliag fit sight, sAmd heirily ther slightest Mthee af liot the6 iinith iif Marhii for I ioamgiL'rin" tor ele~mmm sisth wighnt of one's ehfimtimm dtom year rintimmlo E isipemnc thve same ai v~~fvAfds weat g iii lhe raiifarblli throughout the lhilipipimmcs, though ilsi s i limo ii tlii inbiiiitafiiii foir the sumfins'.1dm iot l~iiv iii isnot Aiinoeish i fin'r t lie rohe. tp aiii iii hiwises t6 lielmniati est~isautve fto fusreigm'r IS inst pie hiot I oIt af Iaet 6 shes ut nSO'usly npsiIIAI ithat i 6ii iiist inicfbtii' mm i'nnits ish its iii ~ fiiii 1 515 iai tlie sAde Jis Bidi Alnintitiii islgniuls fuir fti t~me north iii tlii suacn ocoaci. mis us iiii1 iiiiviii Teisodn i land tliit jis a'eaelmes ccre O t riifi olsrv li' 1s ii lm'umy gffr'tm iiisli fsrtieijis simhkly yas iii fliiiis i iin t~lhii li sif iiii states It is tli ii'ni 6eli6isetm'ini its siiii iiiggagi' svlms'umm'vi' thbvm'ear lsi'tsiieV isi relakuin la~ii'ossc'ii' aggrmayt'iltdiby U fits ml'ne evs' "houvers. IDifiriig di li'y y64i'is' ut Maimila, where lififiiidif;t mi'i "u ea4fts the e iviifi thliii anid wirif iOii if us dil 'ddly ls'ss thiiin iii s6inue stluer qumurtErSi the wgin hits cuergir's mi 'pus'b of hIsI& ififiiit svili'poiitw rinA iiifil liris so i'sgi'lii i AHIiiMi' per a Aiiiiiiiii lTm liie is ii ji f tvs riiiv ii ivete every I10uiiiiiitit 6 tHISi ramss0e si9 a f'pr't-ifromss16 fl'stliii T' finimslu Hall t o, im fo flii AsiiM iii" lit thIi rosis th l eie ''r sit MAIEhsi is 81 ~ In Moii iot h I issehe'sA iii Is9Vbif li riftecculer jlaumiary. Pie 6tisiv if 6f ('ehus it is a iittie lssIi s fisthmm'asts' lA'sussv Mi'dsmi Aprfil thus hifi's'i'isitatii sAS frIu AfifibushsuuusuA ]a itis' fisiws'. Tihe Uhsssits has's' mus sIgihise- hisdf mis his'i tins t ivo fifs'mm' mm iusisiths. tmumyam'ge sss'Ars' IIi.flsiuii Asummit their s'ari'f mml fiv p ui'tefiim'ilig- mmmii's rsilo UtoIssuss li'ivv' iii'6Esu'dis 1msssst'lmmimmmiel tI r s'i'eI'ird A issues' AJhiss tahsiiti'shfibt dIv t hirty' 5s'ssr hicek Sumint theb suuuuusumff ifs'remss's fiiil.selhfitemsuseu' sti'lii' VIEw mm ruse Passe RtmVr!mu~iiAUOv cii e~h~ 1eAi Mti~Asms 18 THE~77 PICTURSQUE PHILIPPINES KIM Iteovoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A brougkht over 28 finches It theni decreseid OUnti southeast Loron.i Thc floods, pouring downi the sides Deceue Throughoutf the arebipla~hgo generally of El Afiiyon, swept alongk wifi theiti pro~digious quanthe damage done by 1oods in the trMen4dous dow~ hMiss of V6olcasnie debris a11nd kndWhchned a dhiacit poiurs~ Of the rainy season most aggregateor than ibi vihm illags ibig sipl the roads, breaking downi the that frMM earthquaikes The greatesgt recent caahityi bridwge Anid complletely rudining ii'tttt0 hunscs. hams of t dsg kiri 'aa the 4finft Oc odthd r 186 th in6 ci ie Inii~i ji )9 tMar t i year prec]ious MONSOONS AND TYP HOONS T' irdia';~ Ared i fteis cohefonded thytAnioneam conieis lnnna# h wordgil 16A svnf itgs eorasfiice," govertifikiit c~fiiililatiAu lends aufthority to Ilie same Nevertheless, Ii rilieiary litlceat6;re "hinousoon is error. Monigions are aniiioig the regu Adlar iil lsoe retiegii~ notchi as at lirs-tt the Ibludlu oceani aiid icent ceononnes of bhiiat rn Typ~lrisiis arc occainital adjouimiig huarts Of Wtheirtpial PaciWic aitil dktiestruttce. Think Of the steady,; con101ipleiwm FM [cinfI fthe fat thatf the( aiuoWsp~bere partaks ittfthe brornifig breeze tf Kikansilni fhhOf the torisadoesa eurtlAi'srtary miotinn, afii the cipunorial1 re~gin loire (sbccaicifd cyclones) Of thme saute sect ionfmt oad iiiiesan 5 greater rMO ut imitiiitu tlifiii pitr the ~hre h resublts get a good sggesfidiin Of the conitri astlietwen a nitiii- at iijiarkil hatkige of diticetion ff in th crailcewinil soon iiiid a ftyhoon.f The air curriments risiii datiot Alth iiile (colil) thiiwiig Thet trdewiidsifii of trOpi seas are surfac wifids toward the quabt~ii (htoi) caitrtot at irone acquire the th at irk withrutraieuiouiy their cauise is greatier reliity of the subjacent surfaceh tliieath the rush Of coldII aiMrm the poh tirreion to the sllips fitmiti un de tilieiiiMad trter reactithei iMOestin al heated reghios Of the equator.b Mhonsoons are trode& tfiiii as northeast Iintetid Of miirtli cinilsJ rinmh Norfthwinds thAt tuv ticen6 unihitdIied eh 6hithyin diRiation, ecu hemisphere, iii cidOf soutfliast insuail dOf sninli though 9to oie extent iii eluaraete also The aifiie Winds iii the Snuutlueri. MONSOONS AND TYPHOONS 19 The great Mi1Y ia bifar hiplg6; of which the Phfijip Aoy fifie hetween May aed Ndoe Whr bot more pioini formt the northern Ispot, lies hetweens the msn~ especially during J ely, Anigust And SeptefnhEr The aifients of Asia and Anistrahat the former~ in the worst thee of All is at the hreaking of the sunmmer ~Nirthorn heisniphere,~ the latter in thei So~tohern.i The (sonrtlnest) monsoon.i TPyph6nAo Are the precise eimter of one bheisphere is the 94hnnoe of the othiir kaiipdralet of the hurricanes of the West ndies, And lond vice cersa Whmems thme air ore tim immterio mif are eapahile of eqapilly fm'ighmtfml haoco Oms Septemm,Vm'm hei'ommmes smuimmneh eatd mm mmoemimemit bmegimmi her 27, I1865t ii lypinimii iii Mammihi bsiy drove twenity etf wimmTer coold Amir toWard it frmmmmm lathmmdes to time vessels imemire amid miii greist i~iammg itin time rity! Tfhe mmftimomd; miniO ishmem' words, time sommtiWest miomisoon thimmim typilmucin of 0tttOhr 3;im I 870, hilled faie huiro pm mogs op~ Six mentisili later it is time imuitesr of &dri mmmmd tifty ps'm'smmmm hami styl m~k il emirt trer thono traim itimt mulkmiieges this smimimm~aimerimaig process; smimnt lmeimses iiMat of Sepiteimiher 29lt 189011 demmiohiseld the mm'il69ie'itniomisooms is iresemitlv etalifishied, to Am hirge hiatt of this mnmidm' em' jetty, b~ltmmi ) bt O mmsmst this 't-iesm tJ&Waimms MA~mLA ma Cai6Mmi'AAv e'Jtsirm' tim atmimmispimheim', es6itmhihm'immm Tb miimsit miami i 1i mmhmat this6 mmiiAmthi mit time t'mmsig mier 'iThese9 tdemmi gs'rmmo simirims~ A tifmi r Mtesmit mmii'' 'it time stak wtihms'n possts hame bmse'm kimmmoim ti last ts'mm tmimRs, limit ths'ir moms' tfienmlemsv is givimig plar'e by degrees to th li'mthims' usual mijlm'mtijom is iijif miiless Phi' samis' atimiipimerwic liie tiitii iii this pridsmmsm-' ps'riisid 06iflruimmimo emiski svmitiimm pis m's'de tyimions mis pfres'i'ie Ammimo'imam mlim linmigm amid Milmmidm immti'm'aP Thes' 'its iittenm i'iiiiu'i smsmmmal s'rvi' statinimm lir this Phmilliiimes, hnut Jm'smmi "thim fimm9Onfimim" aimid iiimmc thin 6ouimfnio hresader'ms t'mimm' mIm tims ohss'rvatoiry at iaihmi, iny rimmimgmt imi mmthms' citmmes mit mmmommsoi withtt typkibimuim Wihnsoons tyhiosumi sigimas Aimmi m'mimlig wrmm'nings tin hleumg'4i og, limrv always hb'i'm anl immwhmo'tmt miii toi mifiiiimi't'' timire sais'd immillmimsw in priiu'm'y mmims imimimi lives. lBesides, imy ithe mmimitmmi thesy tirimig mms'y spimi mm hm18,uurmgiishi''msusmmi' utpuumio imidnthis of vs'm'hmm' Aoul fs'rmility muscm essieuisi m''iuu R UN mt 'st'Mmm's''''tyiiiudIiaiiumtlelsl ie Typimoomns ns'em' M'mu'lm as tam sufiutim as 1huilm imm fedw iueiis' in'muiu mthimuamwi mmthsha Pumiayamml at' mmr viitaitsimeow ~umius~ 1mm hc cmmt mill by a tmkiu'' mit dru'ssrigti im'uiaork timat waa iat rts' samil, mmii imi this musrthmt'i rmu hrit ftime ( 'tuna tl'mm timomglm miii mmit; umuul strimings' to ts'himte tiMe 55'ii a typhimumm is fimhi' time sti~s aiUmmiut mm imyi'i't' at 6'htuh'mfif' i'imisAu wtlmi erys igmtifuiums 20 THE PICTURESQUE PHIUP"NES A POPULATI I ON AN AI ITI'PLEoS 1111 nWettayi t'opilex ive inl M6b Ph al pifieoeA ]Pinr Wilk tifi fln tho tbe I`001 tlA sixflltont to fifteen niolL 1ranl nn11~ee is toneb like tfevictg t tt b66 nero (0~'64itsds e v~~JJ Afnllttihi there neve hta been greased And nbaled Vd1iipinn brlar in li e b d itk xi gl Li ontoi v pure' tbvref 66ld nnt be fr biriq hlionile iskift "Pk o Affft06 nWnid 0 hordeg ikvotdd do for anl enOtnernso' wit boot vee etoit Itt t14e lant Veiso otnfa n~ilVb rolei wlalos thloogb J4wob]tblv th total in too otoAll befV t A&22 ZIA) bi ln oft Spa find i ot titonttif fitj 't loetetitgn inofit tfltingo rfereed to GOtVERNt7MENT 0OF LtUZONt P in) PI N AIPITSi, POiPMTION - I ~~igine~ ~ Oaata ~ t41,900 0 t'ainpa wi,,~,,,,,, tlar tar........,,,,, 207,205 l~~a~~son ~ ~ ~ ~ 49,273 12L Uttnagant....,, LaSk Trniad,,. 9,11 15-Itnini.ai.......gn.......,,,,,,,, 314,075 14-Itavun Nij we.... Lapag-,-11...,,,,.,,. 1424,04 15-r tnad,,,,,,,,,, 37,792 o gy Tagae r~a,,,,,,,,,,,,,70;891 19 Ilta ii.......lat 5 A MnnnoZA Hr TaE MHAAon CLASS 221~......a,,,,,,SnIida,,,,,,,,,,9,7 -POPUATION AND PEOPLES 23 24 Intauta ~~~~~LJBtaangonan......... 8,483 20 Bataagaa 0ataagao,~~~LL, so0$tto lfndue, or lindian, More er 1ess ('at~indiezed; MENAees 21 Taynbso ~ ~ Tayabaa ~ 3(103,210 0'a~ 27 tomarinas Norta ~~~ ~ 20,009 'isig dhes avihi hHil Iloon and other pa~gans; and 28 tasiorn~es San. ~ Nfiara aagrv ~ 8872 Moms,; or Moves,; dlo' Mnsh'ni of dhd SoAth The 28 Atbay ~~~~ Atbay.... 37245,7 elnielh hides, over six hinddon snob1 for the6 1idios 21 4stabid at'...a.......~~~ 4111111 111111~ fy p 1 1(1 of tin n Ihi ihe11g in then six d2o-AAhd at6 et Moaa 44,000 -got~idg Of 1 o h InpN Coiollad UW...........I.. 04,88 L~yt A andiisi1In more in aeord Waith Afinerifani (G0VERINMENT OF TOE VISAYAS ide xas nittd dis 1111 Adhbiot P660oph (tlin hies) And bQulanid aCola Cy..-....... 518,032 ItjO iih'ptolenvlif rlta's; 66iOlOl 101115lt nih'r5 Of 2 —('and 6f Iait-... albl~~... 278 452 '0-I satd af tifamar.... Cdtb atogaa...... 187; 0(0 1E Io 41 1 tiie Pli~pifilI0o M till' ahor1'ai lila' 110 4-11 fto F 'y '5o~ d0'80, l'Xll'ld 1(1,51(11 1111' greiater islrt lthI eii in Manjia; of o -~Cbfoaepoae tlplflaylotolot) c0foaaepeoa...,. 270100 41Y-AlltoO46(AA i Jana aload. 84h oa.... 1(5 Q06 ArnlliL ll, ollt'ili tile 1r05niybia do'l' 500(1 TPie (Ifdi7 —capol (Fanny.a.ad....... 1917, 000 o thejjjr over 1111 )5;(0 gl15t ipo' venit of dtili ill SL-ta1oad at Nagros.~..B466otd........ 2'26,000 I 964eiofnr siiw loesy 9..h. i t 1)101~27738, l ~l 111 Ifi~l) 01llsl04'sr 'Total...............011111.1'....sotwr Writ v IA' 1i'o~ l'I' fi 1( 'eiea 1111 tliel 11101 ialld ((OVERtNMtElNT OF MIlNDANAO hilorag dt111i As '"51111 of5 1111 i 61111d M Not 11aift ltniaata ~ ~ ~ ~~~....... so51 num1111'ous a1 chIcoi Os 1111 >p'lldgli c1,0611' ill tile 01....;.>.6oe0ga0 Wes"t iodll is' ItleC 11051' lllfli~ll1 Cid 11111 more1'1 nllres~t 1' 75la1)oaflgii ~~ ~ ~ A b6for111)1 llllltolt(i ls rkopz~ IllbII F6fillllles Woes 6111' IslndatIlotln.... oa~al 00 l'r11I5115i~d tn~i.l~ ot a.le.l.olecst11..11 At11AC5~~NT 18LA808 P1111TO MOM (.'ducs 01111h 611411t tire the 2idnafii oh IIotamlosot ~.......... Totsatbelaw.......... 111,00 ttlC6' f 'lel i '5 Ir' AI lvl5111 I Ill till~ s111) ilfdviheat I 4 Fet Frico........F.... ('olwo (tad.. 120600 lOtnie f111 'I'l11l 'I~olo tII~IOI~l(.~IlI t~leS and 142-2- illth (ifff tciir 11'orlll ill liii 115 1111', Phiriipp; il potI1nI'5 TAoA to ainesam sa j Caa6aa PanILAd —Tian) la2aon2 Fxrnaaalo or ma olnaiesi Casnsv'naalseol s'1464an Ibsen 22 ~~~~~THE PICTURESQUE ~~PHILIPPINES come of Malay stock, Anid they have, moreoiver, been respoisnhhbldy iii the tari East. The modern m11irale of Troinounced the highest type of that race In thel Japan6 has great oenuragemenft for their we14ll-ieihc Philippines the different MAlay olfshots prfincipaly Tob remembert three detinihuniis will help iii reading group the mselvIeas is a n hh~ lyf in Morm and With Philippinye itcvns. The termi Iirdiiiii Its becu y t re pri Pisionm I ee trmg fitdhib~ i. thefio r r ay xphlaind. It is a misnomra. "HhIf-cashto spheres of Iintluence into which raciail polities divide appropriate eunagh in India, beomes~ misleading ini the archipelago.~ lespite their mutual ealousies And the Philippines, where the absoen uf clas distincaniniosities it does reailly seini as if; tinder Pros- tiocis is most marked. There it is a miere softened ideince the hatplcss Filipiinos hail ehfiterd upoti A form of "half-1breed Lastly, by niaitives" mbst career deitoinfig aspiration, a struggle thit of sefi- iisnally be understod iiit otily the little brownf iien diartiarons in ftlail life tuiirard miational unhity amd Wre liked to resil about when Ilescey and they Were ligh i tldnio W kmly t i git I6 int r poss ill by tigtgitmd tin toll o~imd Afinhid- liit alsu the Ai efilai' aItty in hiiiting this pboh i 1~ cr te nisgit - iscsmd tli oni 6f tli emitry, THlE "tLITTLE NEGRO" ABORIGINES tN OU nffiiml I cidir - of iiiok Phili pp in isv kicdtfrd ip i aii IIs-iv this ai6 fif r ifh~oised hiiile I '~t - s id tasty gmieraifximig, Aitid mint jiidgel the it WAroild lie ftnaiig i6fastmi iliseritics tt aspect and WhbI romiii tm* y ftfat~ Amnong hhiimiintls of ishamats ut pridhists dihd tiif Apoititar AnIj as to thic hbitfiatut;i wirtci ihic s#uiyiig siagis ni the sassages at tiiote s-triii and pitoh - ishici geiitleniii athi fhe ottor - the, ratige is qiiht~ogah iiiilotilce~ If thi isifll it hithmeneis9 fai i ariii~ 1 ih thliii htani thejy cimi~ti i ht lhiijin-ass Attuericami taImifiimt iitiomi htchimfig siithi A brij / ii~ Amid fhiprfitetil iikiv ii 1Maimla, etsni or iloili isune thimmg. Dieailig svitlh a. hlagan initimid roamiing siomealmnost ihi a tilei initerior ismuitem Aith~ MiAd betweci thesf to i6n tie ilsin- itf hIntchI c inal m ilco amii aiscelttiltilRitt tt mna nikcminoic I s t6iny hits t ut Phsiliptpine Aahay Iei dpa& i mcIkcnistently dl1!atihiiefi hbitiigitiuthmugit~ta th ihifigt fur "little6 fiegro f, Wb t ifc I ih sioiie vave iif lal y lfifmitaitlmi defeattal its saithi age ago; utnd dkisve6 intit liiI rt i m oimitin and footL hill iiingo thin, dhivafeil soiiittlhie-gicil ugly Pttlynesian 11 hilack,~~~~~~~116 sismit fbitr feet eightit heightiitli With thick inst of f nitu1deu fuhachahm immiil ahmittt mm ~~ it om k ys ap tm d t t 2n"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*f Imd6 tiun sWit si tooindm Wesca-as Ffiftnuas is EtitmiormAN Dasfit- h nelig itt s wea ex. THE "LITTE NEGRO " AB8ORIGINES 23 aitfd chickenh thie6s their otaraniding propefigithi arc6 largely held in hecik hr feari of the stronger raca 'ecogeane. 1Ther ar t6eJ tor of fool is reiarlaidi lone flhts frae thes tolatod of Negros was 1 atat d heir scattered Weids; however,; are fotnlfrey~t wihere in prnee'n ol AI exporttoo-itt nearly all th largir e islands. Iito hr In s rd thei begrdots liardhV 1 0111 20t;0oo, th olgh W tde diii 6sed 1races of iiheir pre&4 oce will lonig Atifeviv thoigitm Hthe laws of hredity atoInog tIIther wild trlihes and ecen the 1Iodnin NhI> bitrali kcith6 itt sitIith b6oitd thei most of savages. otei [rimta' nig pldywone, tttd tetiderty ditfidif to ~~ lstrr't~~itsie theJ I litd tlneooecb" bottd scent to he prtitmisitig stihicets inc atnostitOer etfotrt Yet every attniptjt itt that dirt Iliint los revoklted itt failore. Soteine liti tiottk totssiotniries ity firitihiatg thetni with loud' a nithiad hlvd thenfi t~litovgh Irte season, hotut sot as~6h i teit ified ra taoit sot did tite hoped-los eotverwts. 0ieee 'a little ioritiseer tigriti was adopted M ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~at three yriits tit ag i~ tt a fitr'aeva itt Amenir e ye rcitinit iii MdiriffI whit Ito v re ieat to the amp ols of sendieg Ilitit to E tiorpib to lhe r'dttatr&I H1a.a hitei ti sar ithtl1111 1on littttit in ehone. itidia. it anA Fx iLY O Nmtats Appare tly the vayii d a haif-bisd ir 'ii 1 seatit loll ini mostly f strijs if enii- tar si iti-near sktit a d th taiter d tad 'hI eay spot Ikner4ifta let of horshii Ic. Thii a te 1 itti'ale afif t 'tor sixkty fanities aee A# moeta than a sa son or twit ii ttea. pli e a rue shlter a. ry tautl slith tatitio tie16 high feinth ithe rottd hardly d srv'ivg liv to ei of atis '. he on thrir toot~rev iiga tiary e6lici wvherever adeght osaktskro itthit. Theliir langinage ahiac not anneald like watrila otasistlig roather itt a series of mwhistles tintl chirpsg tot unilikeJ thtaore of the tifitikeyA said the pairrakets whose hauntfs they share. They caittniv 6it tit atioVe tire. They staltistat liarhe v~tilaitea t predic~t' o' tho aol-host y Wild fruite rsits; ta-6 tatli i It it tie vesitrasi yiahe 11, c je se ag 4Adhby thiihKitso viy e 'air t ii retfinal with a All I id ta4 fitt ii littie pi'taai Hoer r sat tinsi Itr 'aii ta tititati I Tr ding ish byair the' I ittitoati ffiriha ni shit to ax fit eg 'as far hofa ia'ithtaInie hantd lhi 11$ vo s iia litter tiai 96mtint ite gIt 1k g'tlt frottt themtida lit itiall aiftoontsii 1tieketl tap 45iunihirritl tilasig then streatiso Their trr'aloits 5cc a bissainia haisef i tu ad lon6fg lion fair slniaa- lehitd~saneal arrians Withlit almanlsie asp~ig Neesti'it titvs FHERe iass Sex 24 THE PIUT RESU PILIPPIES Iverse~ in Spanish, Frendh aind Engflish Suddenly he this hafrt uf nfike-IselieVe is kept Up till she anaibiders dfisappeagredi Yseas afterward a Prussian naturalist the law ut derthsrunsstisfied. Yieligalstsh 21ran aera hun un the inuantauss nurtlusest uf Masulab alliur herself tu he led back tu the paeatinfal hut, hayan hao rlne akwt is nEgih hr e ahr pounneesuu h t n rg Nupersuasiun eiud iulnee3 bin in gire up his wild hins up the ladder tout the fARdY abatde, the snuthler life thugh le di nuttargt usend a kindl mues seein htteduhe ulw.~'ebia pair itveessi tsigthi dead, i is niwesheless~a doubtful jslesstit'sslly us'W their kisslfy headsg and slsiiy lbisk wether thyw Irsi tles ut is aera bet shuniflslsw frusts siti s tshe sasine euaiss imill usus that strke lSetis as Iseiig sissirelsiss calls foisrl their thilessstgterssslhesr' srTesfsliw cMIldIsh duratiuss. Whsen the Ilanilsi asse liagispan the suarriaige fesist sissi a lire-clays' Issneysskiuss in tism ratiwywsln llsg it ississesii tsraugis a sistrieft seclhssisuss sit risehush shelterfisig nisissisersi buisasl at siegritas.g The track, Thsit the Fdipisiss cherisih siseb bounsisless esis — whi h tlsd y usd tissfdlybarka ta ii it asid especially tesislt fur the Jis ifrita i saissly s Iy I se War Depart — ths atu I aIse ci64 dhIs srs isli rasnd their awe; sigcht tarebuire it firat tn sad satared trusuiss In the and Whets the first laeasnatiu'e tlsundercil inti s% viw, Iisi uhppies 'Elo seuscr cslur, it seas urged, wisshld theythres' heuselve tathe grisissil in iespeehless fssssest relsell6ian Ass Assiericas cithizes at usidilutesh forcaccrssaig the stcange ussis 'as sume rise Atfid as cmit whao cissiliasufd ank af aur hi -f alpw rfa dityi A se tifi s asiirtlip is Isrie ufa an daisg ras hudmiy-s ruait pray d A e iiimane Sathis ardcut IIe yasung mais first gc a the casniscsni' Is' s amn,, ths lawc-cl9 is ti'se 't wI i' T eyrw in ur t at ec s is IIan t s strngtli of sume suriarlrsd In finid slackbi manaas Wtainiffg ashr consHlittl pre'iit At time first alpurisistitiy tlhereafter he tidemutidal rlatians ta a high sutfiial, MAsi sissus'sa IIss catches t~me g rliIsis anu.SisIrashus i sirhrie t see gk hsinse dfischarging Isisntie wth sfius'hs rust wy i uss a as u Wilcting Is r agais; und aaisf I-atsid ntyaeth sles THE- IGORROTLS OF LUb/ON ST 1 ('E~ATTEJIEDI aver thea natHsrMs half af Lur ~iss are Thme name garratres swas sit first tIme passie sf A sisighe asisutlier hill pieuhue, pagani aibd lightes,; urhsm in trihua. 1Im its esteusisuss it g habesss usueyapuis thme amain; sIuccessfully ulhies t pmssaee suf Spaqin. t hat very gre'at uhiss'rs')us sis's eWist ini thme pubhihs acesusist sUf themm. Thm trssi Igonrrftes 9s'euu tu in f bi asi is siosst likily Ih uurlirsel tatm( hi 1hn b areoit sMauc'-ul Wir ts'Msglyd ssciive, thiss are dii 'y is reverses sitsiras sAne ias. I 'ifuiki Im fn grita thsysrs' garggs''sssc' quick tus ris'shss sims hujisryiamiddesil a. tsmns~~ity ed are caried~ tue gr'a heigius an far ndeh at isse as tM ee arns ~ta'neca hiesussisins t'msa aid atesa 9tic aceanat atIme TME IGORROTES OF LUZON 2 The& Igurrutes live tin queer beehiver shaped litidsc They breed somei of tHes {luiistib~id annualsW And are nnted dohL taininers They raise arigar-eane mndl yanls, giving speciail aittentioni, honwl evrtoA the riec erops. Of idane, they and eummning t leves;tliey are inot liknd by the dunmest6irated Malays thndies), dinm ind thevier i dalidtiuis aunoyuimg. Thy runsidee p1101 mfy aillsuwalde lhut ii 0 itjpractis it. Xdidtery is dinI intrbitnaa m.~ dif A vuntiami is the offvidI r Iher parit restore the dnurrv uli afk~ nl Iaid for Iis bride, aiul she in idegne thmm iprohrifini of A divoree,~ Ih i r jirtifirn fiy of tlese Ileolde tii imiin ing In init' 1-uvoking is slurprising in arce so cvt iii its arersouo to e~ivihad ivayic Time eentrail inoini-e lain, raatges it Emisoi eoifitins edefimsive deposits ofpo~per ore,;n hseIh Igorrotes hare Worked frot tifiii nnmiemn-isiaL They sof ten thle roeks biy iieans oit Wood ftires then exea6vate fur the erude ore, Whmieh is sortin accoed- osueiHsra s ua amurJav imig to qablity, and thre primmer sleeimimeus iruassid ore makesN artieialii drimit requisite anit this the p fat rdly! h i 'm meting pruieess that folbuws is aipi py by so ae m u msimbi an ii blowea provi~ crried on in a e lin neald hole, abunit twelve incvhe Wth Woodein mifff r ai m luaraiu a fofi ing ileel aimd eight IimeAmes aeniss Walled mill with elay. famir's sqmmtiirsdmm mmnly fmrmqmellimig ai r immleads of waler. Thmis is their fiurmimee 'the heat umeressuir to lfio mIme Otimut ftme stheets mimm fimmases sit e60iipe thus mibtainedit they ashmiomlui 9arioumsi shofluu~s tie~ mo temfisils, rummimeiintselv. tim Iiinerant ONHiiies tuter, Bidfasti tei si It Hhm huIl-huuuum ihimus Thur J1110eu" dgmlmsh mint fimoithiwum mmiii remutra vs emuum ahftmmruhem theair Ielanm lammheiagaifitt thru by sittereuutE dalmtaiui-gem ierhs onue hmmmiemh ami thdmt hi g raiunot UffIgoro thu of whomum6 26 THE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPINES Igofrt~fei with the shrewdoece and eniffbng of the were eominng and, terror-trieken,; tid northward into, other brainch of the fiaindy. They are the progenyt of the ountniaini fastoeceec, Cut nif from their own a few thoneand pirate and Juangerslmn brumght to land, they made6 theomselves at home with the Wild Lucni n lt dt4, byl a famous Chinese 6Eorea ir amed tribes as beet they could, and the resulting inter~ Ehenauimong D6efeted in a treneendoucg e6nftht mnarriages added another brand to the Philippines6' withe a snee or6 of Iga n-a v~ietey x hieb Manila reenarkidd o 96fnient of hylifid proi&~Sdide arly ealblrited e9 late a9 if94 With ionici 9 ecl t-thm e ss iitim ~tic ane the d.c 6ndanCt of 80s mo desertera Celestial imeng retir d to I ifigi y nh in the oi6fn from th ili g rtil n aimmy tit hfii g Mu1il for twe nty tiv I 6ci of Whmih he undertmoo to 6ftables his mie miitle diffiii time treigg i kimom i to Ame icam colony lIef ote long lis isetlr 1midai time panijard amoolhibd~ r 0 1h 1 rinch cmid Indiana war, 'IHIl HEAD4HUNTERS AND ITIN(GUIANE T t~liSwould it lee to ciaftalgue cii time savage mong, threepiroigpd lance, a bcow With arrv6* leaving anifid.I ImafLeaVAgei tritmee of Leezome the Pirineipal two rows of teeth mmmies of eec-shells or flint, and at fied for infiftmemmes from abroad, 1In northiwest heitomi qneer-shmmpei lmtebiet Time wairriors carry a ighet cmii reside time beat known of tielhdieielci-mmtr, arwwoli hed whihimtlccl eiespoide thme G~iadulanes, bloodirlmiesme tleimmk, of our owen mettl two luuIceidle-like6pojetoims for ceteleimig a fling rOtii re in rel. Tihey aro t ine-ooki g dark- me mey by tie Jm k ammd Imilurlg IMinm to the ground. Akimui 4; cc ile lemmng And straiglit bicel bair fall ug They soineitmimi a ta the a limeif fallen enemiesi h over their shoudlders They delight lnee i war, emi are' chiefly prize thme skUlks Blesides gamee and fish, whiel notlimeg~ fur A eettled diode. Their weaieone are a they spiear with great dexterity, using a fhierce-pronged lanee; thmeer food staples are indigenons fruits; coootain ne6 and rktain edibel roots. Prepairatmery to the great an-~ nual head-hunt spe~ehal reiigimonn rites are observed, to insurer 'su6 for mmarauding 'p i'ionsim about to se t forth. I he thim of yea for this is when time lire-tre bursts mits bunds amid bimussomne imtot a enag.nificeuf drenee mass of damming red In somne years they rePeat the raid betweenptimmes. A meserir'6s Pirowess is nut a mematter of hersy lieiHo has the skulls to show for it. A eerfahe numeelme ranks him a headier, a certain number more ecmerie Ie'in a ehfi fsidilm Tie Itafcemeginherei~ uuf tbe (addafime are -ii most bar c-t tfrticeis greatiy lk' tier m bint liace a ighti in comtlh xion ind 'ir a sangurnaryl 0f cil them' hilh fne thT1hhe - guffb a i; Itihi dml infi dietris rofthmir mwnini mumthwestern loom,; r6 tbe most tradablee - a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~nd they aimene Ima eboxen a eheerilmbf readinmess to Profit MiAuDaMano teAnnasNi Asti Wi frueme enfiuerced enmetact wth THE HEAD-HUNTEIS AND TING4ANES 27 ph's, theirl gods residing in the waves, toward which,therefore, they direct their prayers. These reate almost entirely In their pIlysieal wants Let the on esIhe either ton heary or too lighlt, the Caverndetite will he approarhed and alternately akppih eat6d and exiist olated with like ithe ealendareiid sat ies of the Indin, A ehild ahient to he nttmed is taken into the forest atd piseid against the tirink of A tree, (Oei of the elan teho is qoahlitied tiox' exr6ee the pis lynes striks s knife into the hark 6ote the inifant's heed, at thle saton tinte pronounteog a namei honuld tMe sap fllton the knife th elinae sAtols; othe196rwsthe ecretotey will1 have to6 heO repeated other nooses heittg tried, one afte snodt he, Until the salp does flow. 'teTitiga1anes ar~triet enonogafndets, and they Pttaisl nttrital hittideliy witlt what amooeg themi is a heJantV litte, hesiees tdIVOree Itt ease hoth paraytine. (hek'til ti,9&6d r t6 ttre moth6 fIthin Itott Itt eottstrtetitei nda ffornigib hinga those of the ehihe NM Ma16a himbit ttt Milo *aes lI iftd fth iers Ilote on ittettn hIn1 tttt s bry Ii sintilart In Crtato loealities, wltert lth r I hIs ibl ft httael froit th it htereditary fttes; to Giloati they hold higl op.,~~~~~~~ ~in tlte trees or of 1t tal ote; sto k th is httusb with Iteary AttnneeAn ttttin tees lon;Whenwtc tls timI A~easte~s Tmeosrs TSNNtNC t5 BACfYE~.ANA (ttttitt~-cgattti eooes ot3fnltheir attts. Soeme tif tlte Tingulaines SxAtaSH FIELsD-PIEG etttt reatl and write tt lifttl~end all resemhfle them tvtillhatioo~ th dItur.1 ealtos Ithi,te lotidm, F ill dofns if tnoea he ihtitaiita c in thlir love of IBof not only ltav th y refained vA irt Id lt tltt i JAtt t6 Tl n~ ld ho Irs9 ttd or wm ntt tattott Petideitee tltey onily allowed tte padres (Periests) to eldaftorattly hlaeken teIr ttloot to harmf tlte oppoiat e settleatitoo teto ott of a spiri of aeeonmodm se-x, ttd tles tMteir Itair into a tteft ttn the rftwn of tib ton r fltr ohi ibf advantages in A ttatrial way. tf e b~ii tearl, lrtlmh& Fnb tis last peculiarity, and other 1'sen the ental per eent of their tettetttr who mItave straws pottinthg in tlte gttate tleci on, dd the ififetrene is ssthmtfsttd to he hlapizetid fttll hack onl thte rites of Untat tlte Thitgniattes have a Aftrtttt tinetose of.t tltetr forefatlters whenk thsey are overtaken Ity anty anese hlotttl (tttld it he ftraeed tleir origitn mgh Qmergrhey tnlse Ubltc~ f pldre is iltittii it triat It. ttttldtt totat ottkn Wtnatt iyaarunof ~6l4l, Thlttir oig ts not ons Ahbe i sht i tit aal nec 1 rA r i tht Chna toh; p '1 iape tons typltoons veri those of theth hil tnt n Th1t lt t~ no tin tt r soe Otit arItfrl e t elyst t THEl P1111 IPPINI MAL AYS POSTPOING o a seltter aestte ev ifth thte sltitlt, Thte ftelttdell tribees overshadowed hy these Chinese and etteetiioes till eve neent tlte in tl te tW reoat fittilies are tniutteiroue hotI tltey are wifth '/eoilee tef the lFar Fast," thteir prfittiplal seat, let se ottt cohesiteni aett fleret hat a ienalfett udd oi the 6lok tt the reda lFilipins -the steetltorn, eloelae Pltiflipbiit filrlt 'Tey aggregate over two tetillion,ttlorerl little apenitteete wto Ita piroved so ftrtttthleeote etetle, flee Viettyans nettrly as ttaeand~M tlte 'eagale a sealtag for leis Mittel Samnel. TWIte M or ~ tlte teet ated Where fobttrl ttillioeen F lee T a~gala Were at Sotetht, despite Wretea kiteehdp, is a hitfereett antI fa once ilte greatest gainere anid tlte keenest WttMerr ttglier eitestttmer ttr eantera foeostse itlOtt thse lindo, frtsn ti Itt, reste ttf the Spatiard.''eM aett 'or doheetleated MalyIi wltose kittd dtvell alttte meet tnasterteel of thte fMtitieptMle t h entirely wheere tlte intltteneei of thee 'lgl Is dottiose tine videttet, is' thte itrttade timn aaogietedl etthe north, aett of thle Visaysneg in thte regionr next tiaking rot oteter dialeets, afitetitrtt resentfful s 28 THE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPNES ouay felt toward themf by mosta of the other Filipinos,; the nifit of gssverfinoietd as well as the pivot onl which modified on pairt of the VisaysOsri into a distroetful — okiaolly with,4 pmsih1ly ieithoiiAt, the pairish fitiogtrivalry, and if a thirdl is needed it is Agiftiihinido social hite revolves thnuiiglioit the rfiral Philiippies. The liest Spanish co6flonits settloR amiong the Via- Mhe otruniticila ~l atain or the gbohe 6rnaiorill i"tffit ityania then the olers advance~d and lordliest of the governor") adie eaheni de harangay are thes finnetRion natied races. They tonnfd the 1eislander knltivainitfg aries of whoni every tfifinst has to tell, ehietfly as his~ diffrent cerseals, sceaving ahrieis flute aind coarse, work- g et~riteraners. The cahezasir heaviigiaii~ Spanish lug guih aind othiv wno I ta eiiriiig dbisigetid ainifiiiils regolaitibnit maile] aisteralSle fur the taxes assessed on fur fosisln s hoil h ali itii el vii ii iiing a wrtateit laiigtiage~ his haangay hIIIs fif iheil esninsistiity ut al~iiit 6no These 66icoil ltiii ~i isliitiM firnifst ofgovernmtent also. lbititird faiiiiles lii case hfis cfiitito~iicgt friiii It was liased opistii theivi iillige ife Eac~!'~ih little cont-~ locnsts typ~lisions hooids, 6eathipitakes, iir what. not; nuifnty had its shues sonintuitues susi ty biirth, stone- were dhbiiase ts i py; lie had to supply01 the anfisitist nout tfiiiie thirsutgli dnieitiiitstiteih qulities~ ut leaslersltip of lia lirtivate; nicans.~ It liappeaseil evry Once in Amaong other things tile shatti liast isieer to tleclare awdhile titut the fhitrite well-ilt 14tisitiain retired to war, bteing, in tactsit tinnOrer anaigistison Ito s thfeushal liriat life a liankeipt. ehiflafiti sit this Path Ags ~ a. h~a of thiesi had A if tile eighit iasiltiots, inure or less, its thi Philiptiniy ins reainer s isb 1tiii lie A w ~as lnh Its prtiAM atd pines, the total of farejkibgnes inelihiting steer lt)O;htht defend. Phiey otiroesh itany sloaves, liirgely captives Chifnes ' is lio thn c fiftieth hiart, usluil the "lifttl tahuen in war. Ahsss thuem an steerlord hiell a ls6ose tegrss" tiol thisir alisniiiiifhditlOred iir sitfeuia not kindh of swuiy this stiata oVerlMh dbilAtnnting several tot he W6vu irtl idcnolriig, attlOd the iiiixi lihusit that ass or scores u' hiuiitreshs sif villages, according ii5 iiihuer- ahuAttalsi o acusit Aifuprixi~nates, fur 6thre iast puart, tus itancei or Aiiiluitfibun an wd ltne soppiedlk him the righit that 66~itutsi typiO Ioist type6 is the Malay. ITt' to sdn to 'Ihaui iii every csoummonity uvere slaves, etwet ftrautte is iifdersIgized trout Aii Anueric Sandatutfireemeti, birds, With Ii uiiiyavurhurs fur larger euiiihthi- poistol hut if is 6eheati iiiuud Auui ivel putt tisgethier flint, hunt not king in the tursifser souse~ 'fle Spaniiariha oti flit uclihusl hepeakitu ~agilit rthuerf thhiit sftrektig 61t linst~ thu overloruha of euurse, siud, haspluthy; thi Phe hisos are situll antI i g io hid t h, sehitac m 6Setilaesh bv hu thn -v'Iuges 6iorguttirtio they let foi oii its rigifigifaslily in sliii AhjOA Witha tbe toes hludt-i onhy shuaouiuu it i huitts tui sit their suls hit is still utuil tiarstuotedioi nalatrally teit u tus I 4ep its sonatafi sI s' TanAtturieea~Fnetic ir5uvaa an THE PHILIPPNE MALA Y 29 Riva K Kr )A~oh BAN A, HAVINd A PLANK ON; FAdCH 10 ra A RUNwAY i i~e The hloA il ibuild o i oronklxiiia o1ho e at ri r than, ( 1i. T 010 adi6t Ini hos the 6l xc like1 tli(li qai&AO6 Athe oroibeadt suunim~i~t roeodiig, el a dakino multto, or one4b dl oper atilL No Amnri ian chckk honcob hodih jawes rat uicr hirgob, the inootli firnv Ifiiilian can show straighteri or lic6ker hle r lki thes oct The shillt black eVe tornbgsloght 1y tiupward and ndioni, toof hoI' bioheadlooo fiithoug the upper lip may; ootwarfd in a Way to again hinti Jlapamicoc relationfship~ perniips, wear A ithin ninoitachlei With his~ hinrlusa eluicek and nofweifikleil obio the 11ihlnno Iiag -_______ ________ ____ - -- ---- ----— ~ a lb xyishi look bofg ~ Id ter he heid o oft ~ a m an. Aid Wieed, thodughi Agexiixiods l-4ight-ing force] was Muxxnihiod ahoesat enirfely of A onng nuten, they nirer miit the iifreof i u gl~iingo thegy look ther pct re. '~uctypca fae i idiced to thair nessandthe Thies yfromi the mont tobi NEI] ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ocare very strongly dgummrhs; hut the sihea oiug efet of thicoc etout res io relieved h fidiiiiig cv pressiou, Mitmir frxgetbnxsod bathoes or worxc ao Ax neiuuok AMaY of the' poiniger womenuuiii ar d~ecilexhly irietty, ic igh fil xrns lithe anxt grAerfoh enooglih fur classics oxahels Tlhieir eximoplesixii is o choirk hniroscu giuoch imneslhadly~ docker tlnuirir tImie txrnets xf ixuir Sonlb hue sttois A c6ixuun ix anid fathuer mpwimi ioisix jimexaihiity cguiests ifi hhe x yeticxnc niecix~iig xive I le imion. latrxn ilme e ~~~~huubit mit carrviug imaher or mid-h jars, hoskets, c., miii hie hieail imiiix Filiffihaia retoiui their sftrakightnes ot tugfure till lUrokix wivthi ogo Thle AIlauys mire amiong tIme fnixis hirixmixiuuuucex riVer-xeiw~Ihie finIme wxiRit Nxewberge xlii hhcy seeni six umuch ot hcxleiei un xxm the awater, mgla iii nmxthimug xlo tlxey shoxe sod immncih xxrigiolalihy as ini the, consttrictixx xxf thoirM waiter-craft, which Is invaiohihfy mx moxide of its POILIUPINK MALAY5 ~~~~kinld, ochuother lfxx ligh toosonil btltn- ao Thue MMai' krio is in its atmeact awlsi amm int toeadahueia baa haul at the haaxdle adaxtainrim ihl6i mfte ways to the purpoe ta 0 0~~~ 0 0F -L00 0 2 70~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0~ 0 0IM 0 0 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~2 00 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~p CD ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - 140 0 i0flot 0 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 00~~~~~~~a OUR CiONUNDRUM: THE FILIPIN 31 AFTlie BAMBOO TO MANILA While the raft are tied teJ ehere the lafafly waeghifg rece ivettelitien IThe wit is Ai m6t. uth d~y toiuign tn his initure and e~mlisige againist hin is that he worke someawhat interK fat idity mui h fOtr nr lihgit st &inig nne nf the host nottenitl and eslewially that he imdidugas in nnTInON timings In 4ieejmmne ]fmnmn the (Cdiii slan Fonnd nf nbis hnhddhays wich,~ with hins fanimlly and trhidel he grootd cheer, he can cnnjtnt himslb~f With Very little~ enJOYS jinfinlenly. fled why shnibid he mIntI They I'Munkeniness he despises. Anger lie ace6-bnn6idsaispen' lernig honf gl~ieal of happmimess in Ei life of drearyM of madness, echih in eritaia of his race it aet4oally inonotononstil, 1 1e mailkes or gets a hyring for his heconmes,& as the ilresadf scenes atteninifg aI Malay' s anmily soitiehoec and even tlsoogh III deht he eees ao rihiiining anmokc bear witness, le holds hifnisif ahoveO spc ni~l ohbject iii deniying h imnecf these 01dasnres lHe Is~haiovii sope to the charge of heing low or ilhhred; does iiot ohjeet to stork, hut lie dislikes to feel thart afidel conitkray in current helief, lie is -nut MonsWn In roost Work Lie otlier tropicail peoples lie tkake Unosly innoorail A Tagail maiiy lie, roh, steal, 9assassa life easy lieaiise lie canm NAte or he a protligate,; hut lie is never asi idle roady I1is deloibiitie life ilahoonds With niaeififestietions of or swaggerliag toogh There is dangerom Irgkhacidg kindness amnd atl'efionfi Thme high liosit6inieacernded iniLuzon hutl ordinarily riiiies orf violemmee are few in it ta womnim is unaparalleled iiot omily in the Far iii the city of manila East, hat in the greater part of Eunrope. 0findmnpre IFor a chfild of the tropics,~ Where Nature is so lavtish With faslit Asiatic the Filipino is a miiodel of personal ofii Ioppying hofietifiil and evnsonaer broi;, cleanliness i naumimner is unffailingly courteous and( the I ioes th iiioisntesfifi h &t ifm e b~iiii0 adWti ismasaus a11 ii Ii32 THEPITUESQUE PHILIPPIES to hi Mopia My Ouitside oif anl olsacuie W tmotfalsapshm as difrn rom ao travel anywhrethat civiiatio a entae it- wshoni i an lisan Cathol~icisl Could fnever anut it cosheatnghmadlrfo str anm t. raite Th reotdsiimofnerntpi Aftert all, th. naie is aiddl not easily readif onmers wounded to the et a eeisepaain 1it is men tality has hradn run in a di fferef ntimold fromt So does the apparentindif ference6 of the Ifiliphino to theb aCasanosd i i e isN ainsost findiffcr fentt wht a thc trial and snfifcriingi of Wis friduds. it was so girl's, even his'bown danghtr's reationsfidr Way hc prior ftduhigCan Chauge it! h lic ph ~ioolmidgcs and toII heinbr marriage, hut afterg thati his jealous w oatchful-ii calmly goesd shou6t bisis hsiness Death, except us nE ess setsai sitandard level iwith prudery itself Yonr Certain formsi thant appeal to rcsnrtiinhas iMailta servanft, Mlcteeted fin sein serious mtiisdoing, small terror fur him.c A Whiner ovrd misfortunei he will accept eve'n Coorporea pui imm in good part,~ regrds wish contempt.ii The naives'-69 craselod ejpreslint heware' lshw iyenou sho any isigStns of getintfig hot" Cian qeicjkly caugihtb the attet~fii on i the Amerfican ahonigt Hit. Lose ou meitalflfihaln in the slghyiitest troops that ftiet lamultal, yet compalafints respectfing aabd he will laug yoYuosiue mur cue is yo ie9C,te get thieir lot were seldomi heard, unless stesliously dramen I T me6 jmlt ond hIfint at the samei tiusi you thrasgh himk osit by qoesitieningii Thei Filiptino lets a lelst arund (sit, if lhe can, and cares Asocliaionm Withi the Spniariffd has mnit tended to I little What propriomisithn reaches;r hut he dimes not nriack iAgoiiemlclos ccomintrymac strmiglmtfididmmii malhi n rcemliafte mineskithe h totivimblmetmvec tici dmys-ghe est, selltmepul. TImeemianamlml h Xcmms rcel uigissy heimealmsffi it t imris elialdreCu fise temiieity mfAiftiMaila Mas samietilomiel is; I1ev arc hi"lilirn veyvarbiamle why is ofteun difficuilt t1cuti maeWMni, t theyh have matifesited irs aslift;m it in 6dcitmiii thur hard abcs smt' ageo t imlgie frimmmsr vmmhmstiity o minttemper not dicamitm for A thmmmsmmmmm evamiples ul it; ii ile ih nmohIssent whic ois1 thme smithiciodist or a t loeast the acept ed terfairge mmmmleri time oli alfreimmi inca fleir 6ile i~hefese somphumint ism int simslmttr p6hommmmema amommmg the tOudenmii The clevehmiim Mihlmnom lmelmiig 0 tim Slit hut mmi At amid thiV e vmmro Lamin sam oi~f kammhim mrmErih meop presnt Iis l ha ca ijecakJ mfibichmic Amim inemingrpiscm THEl FIIIIPINOIS iSPANIS1h TUTOR1ING I N 'h~~~~ll If sivtm-mmtlu~~~bi cemuvthe gihlmmismamy ocgmmmm- sociul mjvnights it mm deliglittul kicullin al cimuml isaton m'as ~meImes imst~m wormh, otuitlmtusnl- imii iii tleimi Botaiim ardricul Wills it sohstantiah tlining theste hy btefi amml mint torme mml minmfilyhmimfied iicuitheeIts Fui theSii iis i iu' dostlhtdeouiqma'st~ tint thme Ihimmntense ocem immrea tme uimmir Indimis thme uiduire gminry fur the e14himrei thme to if t~m snsiomrysa of devtmtcdl mmmmksi thdusi to greateirhtom mugiusimluisemuicist ut t~m e sicamfisg irml t~meprowss int raimmum smuilmiers Thin ritusshkii asm dm of huifeeiicdi at Meniluu thme rhictsrtme PAuicig for gorgeous plmamdmm lmrmtriainm thim rites of Hhsande liit hin pailed miuud m'msmlmlmeaul-irie mulohehmudr aid t attract ]tlmde. shmmu-hming, il1imupresiihe mi~numiemwinihe tidt aig, o judmmmn ulouzines, amd Mt~m pemitimnif mit thus a~nuihtdirWeign)d had tleir eltectthmml us -* mu0tsom with aeln THE FiLIPIOS SPANIS TUTORIN 33 Sividnge and tricatflM v jiotnintite were the rchdiniis tickled willh Nnibs petY place in thre adinii-nistrative of churc~h And sate in the lphilippfines. The two Mnnnd, ]hot if hes 9hanved a inhoml hi any degree li$a Kiwal poiwers sqnahhddled togetheri A good deal 0teasidnally tie was dangeifrous enougkh to15 heremovd& Land hxe th ey ad hitter MAnd beven hlnodiy fends; hutf they took wase not privilegefd to owni thonigh he migh hodiun good care to hii p ay i iNto ctiother's hands.y cetajin condiitions, suchI coniditions as ndghtii at Alms Por the hetter Part of tMeed cnitnrifis the Parish Any time pinovhaon (kit ib of ffofllilinent Its Was' no cocafi was to the inativei the greates man on earth allWiiic tlgshe si ino inif It eigid d hchepd, to NKknow tOnly now AMy Ilicsh could lie n ~t titanas hi s 19 Meiest ioiyt ififigtd ifini liaitig thAKE WheIN t thrdso friend.f The cite was tho holy Efifietieii seho couild the pANfiiictli 6ifi ut fii ai ruio sshiifar-ol Madrid, talk Weithi hhim in his tutu tongis;o, t hietlit Vai ticar ini sonic acesokntit tif liaterital Ittieet deiedt hitisigh to instrucnt tsld reason ivitlh lihoi. Thle AnateNadlir the ITagl til add rist set t it read ad write. (Ydi nick ani interet iii his T~fatity affairs, showed him flitw skle sf Manila4 tailinesi hue the citetetl eaditaitiao we're torise lahrgerV etips, toold intruditetl tut titm sosti very Itisie lint tahiti fiic itiu tisgettbie the little, t iCetns, taughkt tutui gititi livaiuig eciteourag his gift hrown hman~i io ciondin tift it thif itii tot dael hieitais lii mutisie ho id theecit cccl tif getiiitg libii tuoc uuseent sfitteraidy In reteling tiln itetncifisitns Rhe had tiucotsitu KM cu s~elecbtions, auth dunlly gaive hihiui a huvatsi fluccu hhesseu uhhstii go ilcalfdi ut thiiik of had rutuiutuintftld et6aion. Lestl of tilt, flwe er, ihic h oildvA kMuiwn howe to gt attttibbl it;An tit~inia Aiit august yet bhuitgit preseltcc teas higi funher coufefissn, tatucotuslc seI ffilth ena AThecre thott ever Itsituon urith i sntw fto kill shiftiitutlly tu iiitke alive At the liWand sue cidagel slinulul hTeO itsmii setuusuul, thst mar agteatr anti the chris-~ icuttitg, sit the couch itt thin ulyiuigii uuuhAt the Muet usf thei sbhcu;l that prsutele 'vwas iithie Wivsnderfith htihi tlutt lutis ultintueid the in utasi vi', htu ilageultuh sihueei Ofiteudti ifth coustruucitiussl Vd~flsthaiId itt rulges uuuuttbh~ thPat Mis 6i t sufuate, An uacusss to ]i tin buuriuult As' of thu hihes ntuhtt 'liii cits wi5 tlitt-e thin iihiptituiy us]hussu atuu'stuutium lutiuts' A uhuuu'fiuue't hs'galhhy hminhitug Ilii litiny Illae'es hue Wuet thus cxhress repuusutery 'if cii souh issurtti Csttsa ATr hMtWEXtI Two iu as NOWa ero Otis MANtta heate, amid Pserhu VS th e siNA u'nvisor of taxaisinW SAVEch scecues ut tauiuitti, aitu of vsWainffift fit a hundred scays, tthmhtuutittiilteiut iii gintul hitkrutlioisau fu'hh ti, hiffitu ripit' trees' usomushatutly tighftUtrIEth Efautig huts e fiuatroug fitauuurally sait hofitioraly fur henirse, liatieuut u'10ttm iii 66i'uiiity; haul hitus'uhl OPhShessl hike' flue rAEst Thme' I cicilkaing the ustutlVilg dIsidstriets, Whti're nut garrissen ise 'l'adgtMl uHsleILd flu bid biuttu to r'iia'tths eoe tucade'sg huui'tht ye gt Iu'iun fiddiutuhin'sh 'll'iu' satded ItNrs!Hitla' list tr thian shaves iiif their ownt haadimd esihu in i'eh itltuted tutWI I suiishiacth ehtmitrchu sit', stiut Spa'apheing inwgttrs tf'rtms, husuveer thtetnssymis the sutmis' tising, give it free vein iii hmu'tihuitug its'f. tfiatieti suet ahils~eu'iuivs' s'sttaeo the natve Ious 'fhiut syst'miu sheteisteuti toe its cuttt6iac 6uu keti troit Britishi usthficilkts am fidtu'r Eirngilshueneuti ton ifti tEll lWINp shill ini tutuclage. tHe tbimit tit' teatd reifigha'it it hin Phhsie. llss s'euni tofid i r siM~td Pat tf iii cttnumi'tin freely uvithi hi Add -Int t of a ug-piTi mi the m to huws disestuae and hrouv-hiestsn if huepesmdto Ln tharm i dey.r rcial a uimt in WiONuoeigta tithe t4te ituiftitiv fittaything.i His voifty ~ighuti h Um naies ni iesl-oenet 34 THE PICTUESQUE PHILPPINES VnEW ON THE itIVInI AeNO NAEA Nbenrllstn TIAONciTSa OF THiE MANILA A~i DAiuFAe RAILWAY Charming hitsIa o6fisdnry Wsuh ss this WHOus throughosit the island Of Lucosi MUSIC ANI) SUPERSTITIONS THlE special birthright of thce 1shpimii is his TIiiwl Po iiight~' Amtithwcef&haet letter deehired hails T Insuleul tslcitt This is intifnifitfinh entirely rt~i 6 A I a it distanc front Munila in f mr a69 inot vocal, And it i tifi it.rfi A ug tA TAU a unil bit] fuss hi bO66fnin the Idiltino nt tionts air! ehildress six ir scessn years old play oIl tile falsly PIn Manilak Ovi y tint appears to be ssble to play ont tintrusisient us if by isituisst. Etie rusral jiiidlbl ha lilk9iithtifig;, says bE iN~i57 ViVulciots boo0k "Sneb ist fits brass liasd #ingeserlly supplied Wriths Esiropeani the isatiac hoeses as are too fril to sepport phians tffdinsrseis issi AdWearisig is unsiorust thougi ssiua& shelter lhfitsrps hioliis siiii oilier stringed instrusincists; times theygel Rt rogethe ]its teir native rags, anud 'ifth flr dlin somei of fbui snoref expesisive stridietnre kcsluissf village is a vreltvntlt Ais there is likely lto he a strfitsg Ilie ajib h Sl~tkfitt Oft Assen ttg i lr s unjk n iegburfbs hiasil besitles. (teibestras fritri Xhtitda, isahisi EUro- it is siti sineosit htorelhing to heari the strtains ot Ai tre1 -peso lesalers auh pla1ying wivuitbn itties, btuve sarrthib 1tlie d Spahishisifstiareltissisig front uinder the thatchh All in tr the E at Wivsere Their luifssiossy asndi teetiessi of ii rickey lust; tic fii bd tin Ifiti birnptii sit crf "a I r iv'rid; utilfftedhy suirpassisig all btic the very goiing isn ini i itetancrwICh is bringing f i best of Pie liritists gfirristis baidbs. 'Thli etosniis ai Isasitftl of neats iveyoth withI their guiftars or mitt.village ttisds, till their l~ittiine-itid bintrtifiiitttst-k- Minslks Every district hasg its Hand, And those sglics frisiitite6 ox' ai cisrite itide itis itt a ttriessict, resotsind Wvitli thies fritit iill qpisrters" futi isistuse-illo w plusy nitt itily diatueR filitiic itnu We Isite Wtein lingerinig ott ~tfict ire fnrom Mitatia other light, Itaies hut seileclitist frtttti thei titst Wicifer sintmrilly; the stitst ertititrei itt tise islaistler ditliefiit tipisrus rendeinhig Haitli iths Ass cxltressits Aitr tit be suet. Lest ve get too tar away fritesi thle anid t~oncl renilsidtiki te listinuer ttf the Itest perafor- Elibiln fibutss, 99is fe itt o the nativeo stdirstitionifs ssiy roances68 in Paris tsr B erlfin. They 1tjklckis nerHirs lie Wfiufls fitinig ftue sit tleiss i that theitievil avith nuirtri in~ iicke~kuss "lA hot T1ssieii he Old isslaltit lg-tArees Saird a awry irstelligesif Atiscican MUSIC AND SUPERSTITIONS 35 in Sketching his yiaiie of Phil~ ippine experince to the w itr:r Yo4N cno 10more gt A a at Uo pitch A trot or go to Akj6 ondor a hg-tr e than you ouild 'get hin t)iow b Ut his br ins for fo ite won'tgon oaf t." Soinobti ics shoot Sunset on th patron NaE' ta day; devih rfighten~r aSlambnh op into the b6t-4w r f ihe viii ge ihonii sand ther.110 Ab(u 'iane hog Io odin i ittle sIn avay almost deafening to fore iP v n*1inig r ligi us 1570 55501 est oit fnon be1)ow Ainithor quainti ide m1anke h o livo hi his favorito Sport of d ig; t1wya dite to. foreinnt i f the Ii ad Iloiild (ohe first; ie evil tersiiirit Winild sins it hold hiin Icjdt ~,in fin1noli ifts 19very pr ttY-41uits ith aid go a on Soltatry x ibpt ing swhe ih tehiyl it, A0p. Aim ~Minfi a Alombbror rooghly iiight pr vnfit its fir tor t I graot oto cistatken 'o6Mae~ th6 awakonifggntisle itd ri P DA1 Icy r lln'" elotily in r isIi and fatting cadence. USAROAL U04 AND DtiocE-uSTRaNUOt HANIr tictiof in anting~~~snl ing, AistMaric this harpwsild rest sOut three hundred dellu niysterious powor supposod to rosidoi in contain per- on-ivonsi anmon thie oneophistirated 3ialaye of the qone, and iosiking fli'ns proill hgii budndy in'ory. is inst'rior. Agoifinat C'ii 'rdtd I vth this power ais d to hv. benone gmtrit incson for ttse diw vol inn Mientring upon hiiis; ad xvwlh ots Isis 't to restrain cc ese ase w eli 6 to stncfigi'no tisi wircc'of rvseford Ito fits telt of Do sNotiig' vasdb onone rgly oc I eicin and 0nl ya Yako psulnebi of isis vc'lo tinig a hall t roogh ha dvRSt'n-sssne hbof Iwilt Tnfiheel ii Cap.lirtd narai r ii BNSAND ANDAi Mfiiarir I 0NETA IN tha TowDas nMy o a e oi 36 7W~~~TE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPINS to hare a~ inedalotni bearing the Image of thre Virgin Many are the -native anperatitionai connected with or same saint strunig over the breast, aa~ a syCbol of variona diseaes Fo xmple, cholera is held to Afitinf',~ The Malay belief that a man phys~icaly flblowe the running of a weird black dog downi the miniprfet cannoit enier IPar isci is Iargey neied on by Alleg rrt. a fan y f r in or fnjoedit thar the the botch1 Atmthohtirs to eanharl ah goj66t mci Iio s ccii at vic fe "t he ib wil of (4ad` and tim canof Jav ami Sma~ntra; they stamp anot revoilt, not by seoect refuisal to take precantions Tlmeere ci noreexecfition, hot by apprehending the6 leaders in it and a o, Al g; f66 a f6caiote one being ai little simootth stone depr~ivimmg timeci of fivility. It woeld lie sftrmmmge if fainted emmibemddd mmci amid therm Int a certain Variety traes mit time saitim sumiperstidon did mint appear itt of bamimb6n-omime 'Pmm' mlesideraftmitf mf arm etrthtitmkrm mmimme MCIarttm 46itie attmittg ieo Pitlmlilmlmic Igisimntlr elmarmim is fmmmtmmm ii time i liar mmiA Phm tiippie imesid A fraerist NTAXLM44M'fia VAm~~dea WAa AinseasRum6 Ca Utinsi DtAtmue rime damma am' ttit A LAND 01 WOMEN'S RIGHTS iiHAT time standard piroinhinmied by *6macmen argts life hi he eonminng sinmply time administrator of lier a m 'vati s 's nowihire mor in snany reaimed than pasessmoms ba hIs vng no might to theni. If a Irma-' amlnn tin Fdiipiom mint t hC Cerdintd oft to Smiaml maim b d m66fiinta mrs hk upi ahoaa camnr in which he ham intlnemmesg limit to6 the genilus of fmative mnstmlltintim stinli uIntinvestranom of liii wife's fortunea siteanks 6am a sunrviving. "Time Philioppine laws relafinmig to propeartyl seconid inss crditor unfder the Comnierialp Gode of married psersoom" so 1reads a sketch by a returned Riyen am lier death the husband Canst save nader Eniffisbwimmian, Mes Muy e J (Garnet arexcee a deed dxtifni ed byjiur in the rsec of a~ itoktarny; angly qo ft cd mintresithing Irm 'cgfatirly ai f vine d~e An y umvhiccif mtiff r~ state'her 6hilde niif she of thew'f b ~The pop rbtyl m bindee mceversetfld hae any are he hairs nde if ad hildeeh thh nhse on t~me 1irnhad.E I it maim im poorl and his Wife nearest IMetloo relaivem inhrt TUns it cot unfrewell-to-do, so they rea t logotlyha et hr h i so is Mid Im itt their mar IC q hdarr:~l~-? i8~~r((e~. t~n1~~~i~~~ll1( l. X~i ~16~?~1~~ ~~tj2~jfj~J~" zj-a A LAND OF WOMEN'S RIGHTS 37 is himsel~f impfaecunious sod depembult on hiorr generosity for suppoart At tin. saint tune lbe is coipelffleda by Ian to buisneis f l~ieuAAI atti 16ut Tainors, oi atdA their 05510its to render s Mire acconof of Isis gloiiuidghlnp A masinfrisi ii oman rontif iebs tii use lieu aidioie Jialni to sialos I slit adds her hush lif(l9 Ii liila teprebs A This slit haisdnlsilo Mien lef it WI& glow av Iusr yuprloses of liunuuu s i ii iou roomver k liiil Alrms also hear t6n ii uuiii bothtiil f iui isiii mother; thatut fluhe ni~fiis ierjusesi lastsoul is eosiquus'nuetly~ ths. uuuisu priuouuuis of. Ii is bhotL eser, ouuly shun6 184 O lsdi thue uiis9 sit nmtives liaise adolitet fuusols dr~uiurnissisf. infuu ius yeiu a listf sit Sauuisls Asoirsuussm10 was seu ii usi uh priest of every Iai iu ili uiui Whisels Shaeadius oit esel o~usehold eluose hue msououuueni bivhi heat tuleuseu hius Iiirn suis ione may sd uselsh uhslde Iuaiuies as Legaaspi de hS'urela olie s6& degs.cr etc&, horuuen by the sisiskiisiesld fuath'es ot ihe fiuteriur sit Lsusiuu! Tlue ~Auiue siiiasuussui iiti flssu utus isatusv tie hiluust exeliusis6etilsoins~y utsi Woueu ~ id girs iii flue great cigqar atsirits (ftrinitrhy rsuu asa goverinment Monuiopoly) Viitu~uly, dbelsrel iu 55T rusFsurNau ~idxs sxa nh ail from flue futles iuidnustry ot Muluuiihu smtlidiol vibu diA6'ui4i f106 l Aii Istuis han6 If s slut suays; sunsl rhose condusiuuos saruosus oenierutsissu usually Iyois italls, no A a rat strut t o ann afi orei d and 'oniifig rss t fmihn were pen.hisusi taken sit bsy flue fbi b 'h ty s it e guz'oe mrade fuouu Mh long sik tiosra of th i l l-pat h uiade frouo Cl in~ s ilkan Mni luest In their Irmes a oo w hel suite is mmni h fluanuly hr ad r rat heti A thu ir estals food he hun. lsukeds looks Aff te fhIildreni aild toak slut duiunei It is also iiry difficult to) get Womai n to a t as nor ea a d maids E46u ro an minlik More thun one gisf famfily of may aeg aiiint ne mund i enus lv airindr thsne saify of rftiiugffi 'm o the nursery one or morec fmnative homys sf flu hoo u old; often iuding thisi nil hasmoes tate si-g tii in nuany rtsfse f flu n the wome. lot bve nol othis d ofthe o4ih'fy of sex sMomea th serpent. Thl swter necessity sit hosing'r is not eseap-~ Ahle by a fitijipina AMostd sure abe is to stl.~~~~~t~~ssi~~ai~~lui. U snecu~~~fmh to the weakness aend gtmarTest. Then the usual lot nisnmny and frequenit chfildren, of whom one fourth it i's heiidndeune moth old F'UvuruA s or8 Mue iisicta uLAs Ther are numerousifi deaths afmon h 38 THE PICTURESQUE PHILIPPINES mothers, too. Both circuosatanes~ are largebly duoe, hameful ways. The time Was when petty officiales no doobt, to the traditional pr tice of clo ing op tfi roghos t Lo oni were ofhigd Ito aft ted the Bonfid~v every aperture of a h ouse co t onin a newly boso mass Ruoder penailty of th 1High hot the women cane child, to prevenit the entranceb of "Asoao,;" ao evil witisoot ompoelsion, And mainy of thrns "Passed half spirit moch dreaded on socih occasions, The Euro- their lives between adoratdion of the imnages, marnopeans who have oisarried natfive wives vaioly protest~ atry sod the 06onfessiooaL" InI the towos it latterly against this wretched soperstition, aod have to submit becames very eoomnon for the oook-pkastors to get op~ to see the lives of oother and child impedrile d in the a ftiofradia" of this or that apostlc sa injt, and the hot and fooil air of sucsh a hooes in such a clinsaite. women who wereb iniduced to Join it virtoally becamc6 And other than Malay sopkertitionsg have held the servants The poor creatures would he taught how equal-righted F'ilipinas in monedta tlsraldom. The greast an hoinos it was to clean op a padre's house, andd priests fin many, but let uts not be aswift to say mstsal in this way were always at the paddre' e 11 AbhgO cases inmposed upon their devoutness, somethioss in of this kind traye rise ~ovtu' ly to wtte cffsplaintg PHILIPPINE DWELLINGS FiETthe loeatioss, size and furisiihingk be wh t it hiv in hstg of saboofta lo zoom bust the very poore't L hs;the As tve house essentially coonfumnss o t s f ib sfipsno f osily is lik ly to kbc ) its Ismmediate sueasc sral styI of boilding, wen the Msslays Were a sonjidigg d cestly 6lean; eni throughosut th e roral waterideb and delta People x losiv ly; andI had to district'~ at Ic st te s'o Ia~on Ohavracerisij gloin-lit take tide anfd waye and Rlo ml into p fusse 66ooot& in American citiea i s e li Itffi dlxIa king. First of all, it is raised otf the greond six feet, no rJe Whether one-storied or two-storied, whether largi or less, by meains of woodeu posts, or occasiousahly on or s naill, the diwelhing chNisits the samne general plan. 1rom the living-room desceuuds a stair~~~~~ sc~~~~~~~~~~~ay (su n hsder in the pouurer lhuts# — if it is a moderate-sized bourise, frons a broad as d breesy passgewas on a hiIoRy; sehogs sides Are foruned sit ifdoes that shiss Is 'k hon ontalily. lb y are of A mia thait is p uhlsa tei tIc Phldlppfunes TI c rouugly hairs s luurd- ol sashes in t ad of 'an ying glass in hang pan s~ vr cot up sttoS smalh square or duasusuud shapek op - ias; g'Ihled s ith oncha-dhIl's g 00n 'ultWby thin. This 'a-shell; which us of, the nature of mot fsen-of-pearl u'omes fiussus thu uSolid a hand form en gtail he tusiii i thu lArg Iin~t~er-sab cuuuumee Whlul suthel usly trantshi cot; this sof of WIvuu lo has mu un gr ated d - ifl0istink triength tha a glsRse; auu isus 111h ailer in case f an earithquake; the sheulls budug fassTae Imcca raetesaur~cReasess rase or xssuxrcud with ously A nati ue sushutitiut fuse Iuiers sit uneasousy. Strangs'ly iligh asul fagile as it poftty, bidest of thesis dreup oust intead sit brealkiog. see'sss to isis Afseuiu'aus,; it Micu'rt s'xau'ly the ehimalic Suchl window gus iii sil hNoisses, eiu'h or hmour s'equs~irmens'ts. Fine aill spuiu'kly eMssisnese it, a heavy TPhe vu'andA-hile jsisssageueay Rudehr csssisflu'rsstiss gale inay uveeusehi it, a tylisorni an earthquakeli Will u'ssneslisoods tor the receptoion-hall sit an Asuseriu'as dsryit. What of it? A few sluys' labgo wi ht ouewihhis sOtfruse thth tfsuinly live iii it 015 auolend auud thirty uhulhars,f Ausesrican usssusu' ssstoth'tiues'entIh-n'.Bsdsas uusu Will onhia iyeuie all loss, furnuiturne hinu'lMld At of kgssimsisg *eisl Rtse bigsn-s o hssretIeoi isaluslsf seossd'h pls'usty andI *O-iniusheossy lsuw prices. shus'htess a grinds sls'al sit 's'eviusg sus needlewisek. M As hue vat usajisrity are ver poor, usot of t atives Ileiui it, ansI aa risit a a'all of wsudows PHILIPPINE DWELLINGS 39. And sliding doors, conies the main room, or parflor as bedrooms surroundfing. The kitchen and the lbathe' an Amrnic6an is apt to call it, occ-upying the center count occupy a separate buildingor biIiincloure which of thelloo 1 )100.iin This apatrtmenit is dignified with is reachedd fromn the niain count by a passage, banihtoothe ust valufable 6artile of f arniture6 the house coni framekd and inderow. Thei tretmiendos duwupourshi of Wains, all hainl~inmade well poere~d, andl often dab- the wet seasoni call for wRide, overhanging eaves aod a orateily carved. Tabls9 anti chairs Art ee r teso. tiag, sleep noif, The gray I batcing of the latter is of the latter c6oveei, unless in the poorestA mimesg with nip-jipalni leaces tic lotng; straighi tcoini grass, the an emibrildered cloth. Uenaslly ujib ie rner it the ritlge being ti~inly s6eued with a V4shaped fraingifi rooist is set aii hrt as a domiestic shrine, 6ir OLlilc if it wisid. Iii thle etinititativelv fb ins two-t ry dwell pirayem; its tinsel ilecrationse ace gcoipedlitor a inigs the bedroinos go to the upperW Iloor Nex after lar~ge and decitlely Ibtelty cucitix, Sic a tray Virgimi the slielhwindoars the fi1toc always catch thea eye of with klglass it tears upon e cheeks Phastecimig there a foreigner. ThcxV ace laid eItibodha-w d is u1nie iii all the htinse, att i tmyltw it would lie a plaiks antI nuliw Methi ilaily~ sertIihihig with time Bmm As A tAAa, tas NirTikk Hler dhsagcssable tlting to have aroimmnl itt ani eacthluitk leoases of the Itatitain-itree they acquire a sumordtm amfid 4hintl so the ceiling is cttVere ifithi cl6til its also the shinty althiciramiie simigmilarly grateful to the teye A uarcowi intecshtactt bfetweni the djifoc amidWth w indns. li ipfania's boMissovtifey is ltietll y jutlgetdli Itythe oundea-y Iniaii t icie imtstshitmcsfappea thei tretttiret ctihletiou thin tif hicc lltttcs If Maree are signs of tlhe dreaded iii 1irtc 6brat and jItfictnce mitot ttf the lfbite beinig ushite itnt, the dot6rs inn tesiml freptiently Ity lpecensicligkioi Prmints, thoegh the *61elh-Tdf itay absi hare Aittn in the tise of wsstilet trnllets. sani igsad ten faimtily pictrails by niative artists. Ikitithiti is Vised for lhomsc-loihim ascnn ly as e66itctatit ith lattsp bankgs fctta rater overk 06licath tic btime is Wvitli ti, attd eveut moire se Thie inmiterlace0A tle Wkee'dthmm htotues is rcphutcct her a c1itaidelier miteits tf the ondit~le with are all ttf shiit haiamltoo, Withm gtibtsies o 61fcthrcAlglues Wish di fapinith or lnsim't it Whishil itt thie ltnvt'r-clas It it mtaey Malns it fittmidasi u.gioial ittsm'taicnfkt tif sotui' kitith, gis str to hutst thtiirlimg t'ttufittrt rbicli in the trttpies means costLuis cunvttniemt plackeWW6 ASve idsc imufidttietitsW are ness, sinict' rithii cleathfittssiii thAll thme ahtltoinatmmemats fr'itn'eitfly, fonds hit a miititirs' houe,9; al tiseid Alimihy. sif it phihtiplte dc'llig.b ust ttt'siulsfsevmtlt Dels;.o nfi np en frtti tlte femtcal alattenti f ittift timmy (jmmmd gcatec safet front mfinmitista thouhti su~i 40 THE PicTURESQUE PHILIPPINES thooght of), raisisig the house on posts serves to keep vailling taste,; accompanied, perhsips~iwith an anfibitione4 ont noxious intruders froin the teeming anhoal lfife attenipt at a flower pattern or somde faiscifu scrollAppearances, furthermfinore Are by no means disre- work. The natoral-wood effec of the wattles of split garded The Filipino's "hoiiie sweet home" is bamboo is not unsightly of itself. Aroond and frequenftly painted on the outside, a4 white body-color uindeneiath the windowse and along tbe sting-coorsesi -with bloc or green-rar hy r d-s ripiA b ini the pro- very pretty s sivcd dn66 otions rc9 often disphayed DRLSS MANNERS AND CUSTOMS T HE Filipino peasant is a iappy-gohiky y littlea shirt, with which, indeed, popuildf dgala r ds ipii hivaT howC Only of late years; ail b eause d iv n labsly eohniouds it 1 lithies is prot tio 1by thi to t by ths risieg d iiiands )f his Spanishs eactors a o6t Ar iiuindl isiii hiroom bilispe hatI tv lIv6 or 1i h felt s- II d on to hike soy thonght for the fifteeni linels a rose bsy outsido briim niea sirmefnt; moriow. Whir ithil1 he shall be lothsed never a plai fd a faii shio ing gray And dark ifieireeting troubled hiisi yet Living in a conotry Without win- paittriss, its material being tough fiber fdrom the ete lie can dress or not drefiss,; as he lieaes Two swamp-grown nips or fromii some of the niny el6himisuilts of twei ieces a y ar; out of elseap cott on usst 11Jsag plants that fe onidt6ropcl I foret9 and are ksowni cIbal ap lh mp6 ufabruie e ustetetu for hiss an asl ph to siatureliIs asIsa lluiois It is 6 pitt tfii~u res gb 1 nuh' light and very onsifof.-I tabl6 If its w arer is se sill ahoye poverty it s brisis is iihoursatjed 'witl fioral diisigns worked so sm solrod rd l6ths or distssi t fisso Asimong these peolle a c6 rfe as regards &I6r9 aluis o thi only slit'rine is iii saisty ssisaterl e fntoIs poorer)) as d 00 holidLye. tist sif EI isop u tyl& by thse lusttsr sit. Wits even gr at r conr~vytiins do tie native ~~I ~c~i~air-~~iilP~~li Bwomen 01ifig to iloi Oi ito sy tuilt L4 th6 saa or srusnb-the flowusg Skirt if bright red; gre n or bite-4s fa - te s in apronfi fashsion N.Wies Wmisun Wnxvsse sAw-ctsITa tighitly around the hils. This is a rteresentative senei aften witnessed saildears an the rwis, dark uriilardrobe l harge districts of thee ifites-isur he Works iii hue snh reaching downi to thee knees. A chemisette bsalditually with only a ltsreeclbi-est on,~ or a bhedse At is Words; ahove it a very light and verty Ample nec6kossist with a wrap esf sousei light cloths upon Isis head, ehisthi is folded triangularly, cenitering in the ehemreserving his "suit" for Sunshays and othoier festivas istes sae olwin fot t od ec Fvind the beitt ivihi d antivb s 1 ess lays Aside Ise do*n t s large slal-shap ed sleyes The e last divide ftralitfioatl lay# otn na tuns ob is kird 1wip noghs- u ithe h bust af ttic eibf honours son di playing I ampil tHoniae blIted a ousnd the weast Ind the baro; peraior~ ehegane and lfiuxo O. the head or h16Ikue In the n ghlasrhiood of Mnila Ise hafter. odil d uw o ke hi I mat ofdern tl iss ah ll gIsdgenerlly ruodified& isito an uincout resemfblance tes raven tresses, an anaiasng Wealth sif them, sonseitinne DRESS; MANNERS AND CU)TOMS 41 very Jiuff in the shot!gs are kept onit of lbe dust by l vi 61r d ti1pper in mre A61 ith a miy hidiji g-pl c for tour toe& I or dr9 is naitive dhiii-~ dy upe It iirpeso styles how Ie may eiun liM6ly ouitviby tles of qua1i rights A 1 ilif ill Matron; fr ab froMnsrb biang the leert of a little tbirty-io hir~ box-4v basket r thor-d ifi nip vol think:s otfhIig of doniing a hi ni ilsuiuh- fiydeblar tiiivkv - up, the ivis! v! thisi values beiiig io liii p~in lextbri WvV- Useiviii or slas Faissnuei OLD MANeIa. eriug irvivs viiiv mnit, iand vvwhiib is ligh I viid dehvsvtv- Iveyv6id vhlsv-ri p- flivs vvil h isi~ iii thie inierosebavvges of i6vvivtevvivspriese tion. Pevpsr,0 fiftht of it ma~y be -ieevvvvvtevl fivi Ivy -vs I is ififfiehorivill diij Mie-iv; vh l Ne isdvc her ivvvlvridpird juki hsiidkivirsbE vet ivyng dvltes f i vf ii Avveieikiv iii hurotvevii lvi elifteivi witloii iiiWvlo arireillM wealthys inveldivfies dlressuie is carrievl 6vvvnhy, bodeimisel IJO ev6s hveihivig fIltiiislreld) iv! irilv iliuvsseds vi vdollars fur a siivve fi-niivd h eld *iv t Biite iroppie sereivuiy is The1i vvviiii nearry viid silver unvaveenti are hivvivlvii evnil hivi thire is yvoins, often whivi iiaVi ilisvi vor viWvile whlde nvi ipenial eraie lvii these. Unti Ivie-vily gruvi nthe ir inere iivldtri-ivisMa t lvi he fiue ifi svii 96ini tink, they cvitoiniv dis viites siiiplist, ori vvtvi NI slier 6iwn are vijii Oixpeelel liv helpvi! at ievh-viiik, unless ut Anvivegy lhnviiih- the FEihpvnii aiii ai franik; vdisvs ~Peeev seasovni bile opiii-du4iirn ivee Thyr ii. elijas an u l vv ivivvg Smuoiling is ivuirdish Mliiiaw! sh iairiely less thienm iv! eunrie but generally speaikinig they ihv ivii dais ing, are hii virdir vliniost siy tieme, oeiept difiing lie in wail for opportnitiesft6 liv ivve iniresv-lv isv h vilv the iuivdilsy suitd, aichienth wfioii vihhvAige shieps iii in the way they do whih enaleing scili the C~imcasis, matters how hushhing the sieasvi vvmh thvi irops iiay be.~ evineeruifig Wlivvii no dioihit, ilveir theoiry is vDi&0 F-stivvih-kepbing; the Sffiidsy Mass siii the afterionil v-u vliamunvvni Ainiseg foreigners, imoreover, doings finelo1ded till severs! dsy iieer iinb they are at sea as to ffanners.~ Befoire entering the hut the ihelighil iv delights to the pdhippline Malalvy is nrips but of a eounitryfinidiate Tagal unit ipeifid fuilly eoik-ftihitfing entereil into With 6onihilete sbiffiddn. A FILIPINO WEDDING M AlRh AtES iiii i raily arrange not by the Both sid s t J ro Ai~ d fmbe sih tinU pi~lilest mainh iarties themsielves, bTaf hiy taeir jlisfi~sit Those air tihl fnegotiations resith a Point rnfistringi plain of the swaidnvisi those of liii Widiishu aiid In flowefry speaking; after that, if a hitch oceuritis ams vind ahgoieslanuages bint at Whiat is in their mind ulWaysi duei to a disagreemnnft sadin! Money niateM THME PICTURESQUE lPHILIPINES MAd ffoaocial uindnighndiog being rahed, the youth's groom, who takes a handful land passesi it to the bride fater hanids to thde pairents of teBride a- suitable ~-the Philippineo equivaet f"Wt allm oll lbon us to daefray the expenses of the weddiingg if lie is gVods I thee emlow" -an she renturns it to the howl. a man of pr pert he ailso makes the agred setthle Stulid And impassive lby liflongtrinin gttho tw masnt upon herw Mlieh young Mouleti thesinpreset returnd to thes bride's homes under the sense grave adu tesle tothe parish priest kissi his hami, and decorous escort of relatiives that half an hourf before infor hin of their intenft ion lto marry,; whbereupon bid accompaniedffe themn to the ehiraEb Then follows h e sets the day and dufilyl pubilishes the Ianone. Morn the dayshong "glatheirinig of friendsf" the katapusan, ingA mass is Celebrated in evcery village ehurebli every to ithich, if the pariefis are wealthy, the curs andd day of the year the tlimed fur a w dlfing is at its village notabilities are very likely to be invited.& It is eunlus11iuln, or between fived andi six o'clock ifii the a tiiiie of sutilliig liapptiess~g anti Wa'eh inchlies lFeas mtringd l'2ac l E of tlte coninictitg parties has goe hIng is indinigd in inoslraiostd froma the bable laid with to conifession the evnig ifi ire ~fV auth reciveiid abusuhe dishes iif All kitids, sweeigts redwominatingi Thes liquid r~feglfresmet is of vrdtttis kisids anti degrees Weouil lie tishinied toI take lots mufch of. Cigarsg antd betel, besidles stfickistgl the tattles, are tasdaround fretitteiitly, aiid so areb eonlfecionsfi IDudun thi internals of fieatn the conipany are enitertalinet by dshlanejerfobrutbb; ange, Inte leeitintive tousle, tImel mild Malay ais no vr unilikei mar niegro such ombes. Soiitmeo thies perfisrimmaces fake ott A tiranmaftRI cast, bItes olter; ascutaifihg mussls ef y oung-Inve fills amid sttakiusgs-msp, snill out e ecof happy ever afer Whsest thue ftomie f tr thue afternoonu siesfts ectutte All thme gesets, m cp1 ltme ouses frost A cnsssdheraltle d'istasee, W {~~~~~~~~~~J U ret~~~~~~~~fire Its hi tbunisw lan;Twibut reatort aboeut snse Itsake 15mmt -ii tImia tmvemiug festivities tillhiul~ty iidstct'd Its rfefitt isa comiipasy- but etutittette nequmtire ltust slt fedstsi asn us x — Itesins of satisfied ssttceucenuu; atmiib thur thmes if thim uslair is otte attmtt tIcda mtpertendom, a ruwul of huue-hs s vsgatbor iii fumr a shstie tif flue gtod fa mmhd atunii usntess andl till every mhomrmnty intl wtidos Youge shuhens Wthinu gt sp smuse at on e; butf le'd mel h thin maresafib on. ts6 l a A c m A liiA's WsuA eit a. a MANiLAf shug Ikanm nrft ~ time pm'iti gt mld mitt Pat work se A ind tfinn. Nmsmv, after ]tartaktusg mtf thme cosmsmuuuiosu, flue Imtittes Wvith their uarntieth ehtilmhren, PNoo rehatittss Ell two stanmd befmre thme Itrist Ant assistauit laysa ifidck huave a great fashiouint ti ttachitng thsesssehves to a stew El mauttle onIt thei slinAlmhers tyifig rther tuition as hosusehl asasgers-nsitha itst ceultiu hntl one; t I~Ime pr iesit recfitesId fonusul amnd buts thme Amprly- thisu is ssslcnsititotdso witltost t a nltruttur by h Ite iatain hmiae uu'simnss thse rpli Es U enigy hi lthe how NW Immse lrestr sims- hmat s smuarragsiiwchtc tha efaa ctnr wtmig eptte he vrl over, redigims eemindur, tlummsghm stmIt lie faistly smamfitt ath live initus sulm- m tiedflit tihmtia ktof rfh e hisl be n ihstVotmnibaevr nsutmn hsi priesbt h as bees winstotcarefhtit g t Iisfe bdfa reaom; on elely mI notyetts nfm pcrfmrsiistg thme intpnsitimes lst fet o uvas hixd h stuebt cmrnny 'lenatie haearotm ersyat uuthe~ time parieswm extesel pturdie ussu'hIis beiumgsariimtlte thtmir ownus Itarsi aid fbdu ow rkice, amid gui~fl l As the Anewy lwet1 frair heavell altie mvWithutmt usirastufifable sanacrificet pay iflue ura' tin HOirW nhis oni meecet otm rd- abtayfe hyhaeteruelln ntsu i~i PHILIFPINE HOUSEKEEPING 4 PHH IPPINI 11011 1 KI I PIN(~~ P ilLI PPINE IuiAhoeseeeper have no numnt, by methods akin to those of the jisrofeadonatl sliaeeufe 3lerdanliness Which is their launuderer in Manila, who whaingi your trouserloons p)rime virtue, costs labor the world over his headi down on, a Hat stone, ithen build a dmail OvCEr The floors are scrubbd anid pob bonfire in a brassfi fltirion that lokslke J a b.Aby isheid, in onde a0 nd b same oeiraption, warming.-pan, and conse it, all ablazes over the gayrocand everything dusted twi6c ach mnents reqluirin to be jironed. As the whole popiuma day TPhe babies are so unumerous that lion disjpens with stockinigs and unidderlthig Moat little time hestenred on each mesans a of the chilldren with clothing of saniiy kind, and& the g~ood deal ii adL The taskof carryinig maleo honina with collars cufifs and neckties, wash-a water in great glotbie-shapd earthenwareb jogs or in is not so pruch of a fiughear, after allp At borne the longf cylinidricle buckets mfade of a section of bambooin detachedn kitchen is pafiinfully devoidi of many ~helps recurs coninoaficlly, nto in large part is devolved on faifnliar to seen our graidndmothersR IThe stvei the o1ulder boy andt girls. Duh-washinig is deloigt- ineither inur nori less than a good-size~id eiarthenja a,,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ fnllyabrided li fin ion-uc of nivesand frks tisaped to sitif the special occdasion In Mainila sc roebs, cxcclpf among thle higher elasses beI~id-takng cost a frarfion less think twenty! cents aicai O i nulity for the tbid is note a hit o1 fslif bambooik- often two or inureb Will be in oeainf~ h au terigtbs, With useailly a huInpen mat' 10 it-olslieeta meal, since c actn Isftefonmyoevselabipt mtsedma pdlow. 7l3lmt ii'fanily mastnig 15 lie catpiin ete iser do i t homeb is ntfr stle aotfr op Nes- Wlhah weto az a upatdi nsm niene Iobrive and the sbore of the nedaret sotream places, the stiff ofi ethogotheilnsenr ffdadtnsdt iii the courTse of vigorous accomplish- al is riewhc is ui nams vr aiedas 44 THE~7 PICTRESQUE PHIIPINE Much oftener thani not it conies to the housewife a io Itoieiiiant samequs the MAeirica and European, and paiddy-thast is, Anhulledad she jusot unjijabtl iitit a I ii bid to 6ioniparmos quite mv'i in herself. The lingo mortar for pounding its that ling epeuses are in hbly low. In MTuds stands at thn door of almost every naftive bouse is where prices of course are maximum, pineapples, what Luzon '~thlake it nanie froio. Au WAd Will coi oranges and bananas mkay be had for thre cenfts a anane anr average of two psounid f rke A day or say d Z; go d eigar and cigarette c ost r sp ellen A two hondred and fifty po fin s or i family Af fix e nI apiem6 c id A noo p elmkb at ~d a~ sit of I tbm ever month. Pork is the principal aimlfal fmmmd, and big, Europeanf style, cumeos at two6 to three dollars. roast pig is rarely missing At a feast lBeef is a scarce A natNgive erat. hise Wife, two ctiildrcn Anid mi figbftL article, except As the meat uf the caraban, or waterv iM&6k Will all live in comfor6 t on his W eCage of four buffalo, the Philippine beast uf bnirden, might be so And A halt dollars a iionth. called and ifstrip of which,;s iumlred, the natives Still Pbilipphmi homskeepniiig has its dramebacks, consider particuarly finei eating. Ducks, chickeni and fiuat and Yniie infest the dwe~llings, the former assnum other poultry are a~ freqmiciit service, aiid so Aar fish, lug prerogatives that arouse a foreigner's heslpless especially on the coat aid Aloig the waterosirses; indignation. Spgid dabound, and there are aer afid very gen rally After Ii i1c& dv fi Ad5 lam pilafrs Ilatoff rake6 A gre t W1lt cli iion flimyIie u~ fse Iieen coded, ti v f ishre Caught lin themn in quaitit'es to a tto ih Ii I mm rg Tbm woods und wampi furimi I v ci tii of itraing dishmi Same~ of thnem would seem rpuginant to our taiu st moat certainly would the~ (Armous lund of histtI cught mut rsI n'nt m me ters thma iassn sfo' l Ifixurfy him 6vm the ' Mullh marhet; to d6 oithihog of tin. tile fIs~ ustas il~l~a~~ whsi ( hmh i~ il~ mpnor fanmily mmI'd part ia consolation for this chum that these scouivrgeays lmi lin th Uina of is. i agg sothsr their1mixn isshal or Eltlm hsike arn rvimik und thm' inipidih milk in' earabaw'cowsi th& omim monest is tuba, whicl is the sapl of the cocmanutiV VsssvAa PI'EAaamv AND 'Taos H&L ----Pss'amsms' WssEice as Mift palmn coflalcte In bahuoo linsicketsfisi b tree se6 gt Apart skfimi uCheracinesib Amid osther insects snarsin in for that purpos~e.k ''he necessai'y incisions being ninyrliads reatur es of thme 'nftipede aAnd tmirantula cntjinueid clear to thme tmsli min the high trees, tsmba type are far tmmo friendly for comnfsort. Giganitic fruitgathering ha danigaeru amid fatiguinig Work, notwilth- eating bats drop in occasionally for an evening call, standing the nativeis cn climniMA likemokeys, using attracted and bilinided by thea liglmt of thme ocoammuit-oil1 hanids and feet alike. Cocoa wine isldistilled fromi livyi~ gam i peep out froni the cloth-covered wVall tubao nipa wine from time frfit-stalks of thme swamp-f and ciig oneb little fellowjth guiko,; being a partigrw ingnip, And ba poccas mot irintive brandy ola~r nnisaner on account of time hood, clicking noise of great strength Andi purity trons~ sigar-eane. If he miakes, thouigh otherwis welo * 6me as Ant indefatigawhit trboner re scarce6 in the Philippines, so are ble vermin-catch&r The premium tratcheabm~ worh ri ki of, Maay mohderation in the use of tWenty times their mnfbor of oldd d generate, crooke VILLA GE LIFE 45 keeping thes led away fromh the walls, anid soaking its ass ii egs i( k ineoe e. tevens' plan was still moreic thornagh: "The legs of the diningiable, the ire-chest sod thm sidehnardl us he isbandd in enps nf keiirosene, and yen16 the feet 1 one'sig lied mosit nfmdergo the oine ftreatent, in order that the occuthpat mny awake in the noirnfing tn -find something' left of hii4oOMvt" The white ahntin houses w isiitni i noitt dl gle t. 1i toy a few tioy speksk of iet; bfi t6 to n kifiriam'ati in difi piece of t iiif n hasi ni tarbs niiiiii thnoit h ant h1firoiigh; or asumpthos Wardroh 1hs h ci devouried odkliljt Ii the iicountry disffe tr,inlliosis albtw w ise A mortd f soindi hio for a 6eampaigo Oin iO thero ailg nd th fiy iniareh on leave h ifd hin I tlw olatio nfel fanfnH The risk of tire inc iass fts the dry' weaiher of lib6661 oo hablla o n 'g Ol ciaiolly rfs tjbot bwfor't t sase 666inh iie Tin. nipitt Icb r iorh like tin lr; With m food; ra helin noim t aid firijoht rpO ionsitii ibidifbng -~~"i~~a bt~gt~r; 8j lbho finh th I burning hafihleke ndfigl th 96tat 6 nitiV6 eevlaintlainnois a seea iv eler i gadI hi th icdl (itnie sf niany~ o v iurefiid c~idmitbriI Hiffiidred of families," Nknriv WASAsasaokms -A FitoliAu. SOFt 416St ~ rhlsStdrcit of oiie lire, mmivnlse mit intos tailed Philippfiine cab, are the l~ion's ksic eight to the scet ie-ti66 ds, iwitli their chattels suit there were twelve feet long aisd 6logge Ith ioineOu Aullo tit ioeaiiy curiousv-looking groups. In saviiig variiiis artiharmless, andl so very sciable they. wsill crawl into Mile of toroiitur sort other vAhibhles Ilie lightingyour heil ccasiooallc 'Ticy find their tikipiiist tot k is iokial; wras coinsidsied thle fiiiot iiiilsortant; hrtiiiitag-gruibinis iu such bitilhiii Mel i de bli astt iic tit itieratifig towatch the natives tridgig g'abor ioir snuieiiur-hlooscs in tic snlAtirhs of Manila; douig atli scared faces, luolding a roohter hy the legs, where the natives hawk tlieuo shout the ycar roounld. in iliu q3iitd, sol a lisby or twi i the oUlier. Pigs, hot terros lfj iticg all ttit fly by night ti Walk at lmakt us iced dogs scenicul to colie next iii value, and ntioiilay are ttie giiitstuitiie Aiid ants. Mosipiuito 0d4 Ilit ki ]inagess t the \'irdgeiu Marhy tlie anti went. hetting is iii Ciinstanit Usc; ilfetirn the hut 46694il down oitn a stranege spectact, arid it was hartd niot to sleep wconli slbikist ue A lust art wlitiuiii it. ttii pity thm itel tfiu~irnettt irretcf;lue oonikimig with baiys in bslue sotii leaihiesl to bhead ott the soits hy iiitnstciicd eyes oiiM fithe ri of their housies." VILLAGE LIFE T HEME are no maiiavidaiiel, roads in thtu Phflip- the rest are aflleys. None bave paving or sidewalks% Times, and away fraini the iniiiidiate vietnity tif 'T'lu ouses hiafit liy tieinseilies, for ridi Malay whcs afnila almost the only findications to A foreigneri that nfi possibly avoid It ever htls eliis up against his he is onl the road at all consist of the uitcles oni either nesightleor The garden heloning to eiach dwellingis side and the spreading tr Islan Dhted at short intervals fenced i With eaie o slats of hiiho wattled, for welcome shade. Uneven and irregular, now rok; or interl D d instead of nailed adte-stit niuw hotoniocks4 of nier l s; e sodil, h ady raii as rain df agon -h oud Plants pur -I iiiossot eiree'pers, redi is in the ftrpopie r nd a it next to impassable. Floods smorbl ut$ and Wha t rfbilkei fit wetIsit fin one Is s vra f et deep Pour along the vIll y Pretty show. Beside the i aoeshtlififit ftr a roads in thme hilly regions after every cunidrlef giant bananas thaft sabde these inlosires the villge storm. The native viag street is simply one of is emnbowerel D in leafy green of Mangooage hn these 6onatry roads, or if thiere is moretha oneiII laini santol, hisiedarad other trOpia fruitsta 46 THE PICTURSQUE PHIIPPINB nh nfiets mat iaflly the seay Afd h~alit itik nok the tp iiijs pA lvstat The al1-4moipartan ukitid ft ith f IS tfill ItY yf ath iair iv i-~ 'lage life itlie ihan neeit liaraih ialn i1sy th iiih rM et ih M list niitfid auider his t~l Aipififn d riis iiilt nf ttfiin in ith So iani ii -ly if flit Itan h c iii a y thick- CAiiABAi AND Wiittiti liAi walled, sididly hiitfrsivi ad laW o at the tat a~ it was itea-igt tlin tank painsi ta Itai it natiuie~ latignaga, ia~nifistid titaigned In iltitfidii earthquake slindgs 6ol Wire ant aterge hi neifig it in flit cfitfbssinal and A lanassive squain, iir iitlagaal hell4tinter is apt tn indicit (tliagli; til enitsO 4nW i fiitb iltir, servic), lit ifs best fentatue fniuii tlit natsIde, wliiise si0ns at s ii 611 as iii dadl1 iiite~rtnme withr flit ieiitp~ (Xii inariAlatry anid gsaint-warsldp inertly &treigiir Oulist aiwftil itli flu tutini flthere any he A stAbA4ewald within, Where thity easiudehl ainast flit whale it the tam1 utv i ii; ili iiii cys else hy a9 the luUIs~e, tillaly ablaindant deeiturtinns. Wltiih the Iiutviwiii is a miass sauid uunid Aftreiug; at the enra. TPlu sn-taild 'iTiiinii ut rithf aranti tflitest h bimage uthde MuuduAo u du ii the Is seld6au ftar niT-the puubuliebiaiiliig perfalicui g Pu high altar litug ut au1 id sileer, iuuasfrpieee at natfivei tu6itiinnl paelblii that stivts as eonurlua st, jail worliniussluip, tar even flit pnnivs nlguii vill vagv lin 4itdytuiartcs ufth Ike Ii guard ut Village pallet, and sesses its siiersufaitk. ''lhe priests, s6 leeik flit roud iliei enrie6rds altite all iii tune. A plain, sahatanruler ot flit Pkilipbintfii% yerm AuiuTel ii arg part fI1 hVl ]im IIt s6elu6sui-haose ii n many at fisth smart 6uldisiila N W WARY1ttVtt9 di re hctisiti as gOeNtcs VILLAGE LIFE 47 i'oeiw,, i,,i~ii~ii~ BAMBOO RAOr LOAnED1 WiTa 060ocofA~ei ON THE PAgto MnEA MANILA villai'eg testihes to the hotter side of Spanis~h ruim~ househoold articles, or attending Ad sonie other fern-~ Of course nfhamlts abouind that are "mere collections mnine task; and when the mellowiness of late afternioon of huts~ ehildren and pigs;" and ranl boast of no puiblic cumes on the whole family is likely to gather in front buildings of any kind& T hese in the matter of Sun-~ of their hlt, or join with the neighhoring ones ini an day m6asses anid fiesta keepng, iiay he conside-red hour or two of gossiping. Tie childreni are in the Appanages of tli lari sllVIIAges. open airfro dawn till dark Thm T4gal boyay The daily astisitmia of thi vaimg nIili a b ginf Vi an on nfit aeral ildfnib an ear for the b1ir at dawn Perhiaps the paiterfamilias goco to early oen or rides the Nwateihufalo thl.rough the rice-paidd mdass butl he is inure likely to At since repair to the as his' father guides the ru de wooden plow, buried to lieds, driving his earalan in a rude eart having wheels its lieami in the seater lHe watcesliegM ahies, or of solid wood. After f~ li udiiliay mdeal lie takes his carries tl~iii listlessly aronifd strapped to his baek, long sic b md I e gieen eooliic a f u fing is iho as h Ii si outray doppera With lia II yinftoo, or fights sprays uuii e sir flindiow of hig Iir itblit it is nat all Iis faoiteM cock at ils ie str -corner with the trival a1 ii for hi iI kg aD and elitaft r nd pO sii ly ain s iird of a neigh horif go s6 to AndI fris With a baifnhoo b canc to p ibl sis Mlt b fire or aft er big Ii/ loockst ssgps dml hem no sinu rlykek assisting in Ldhidi vad sAboul t sinai t iid bI th isfi o thn short the siip Iii olicho s dutie Rdi sa iiis asrtice nd ni ici twviiiligt iid Is Ii read for mm icm gro iji or fib v iisli he Avid lis inliii hrdI se aghf With net folilch. esn ro shi aoietm u t fb-sr si fu oin f i cnaret in idifin sr siiill stream, fiii a leanrty WInc lie 'ilipin esijioys As mum ii oi'i tsfif wit eb iiife and foik usir isus hwirvuvde his scater-lsutfls does ii salou iii the eoleepet sisuil- sin each haiid, Ans in ouitward resemuflhiauce ansi haitsi podiidsearsisfind Every villagv has its liatli if there is a savage ifsitil lie grows old ebilia to wear an is any chanice fur eiie, anil men, wviusen ansi cliildrii embroiderild sldte shirt uf plina-cluth, a paIr of white patrnihes it liberally, isitton treisers ainii6l iiht if cocoa flier his mnother. Life is Anl 6old6io atfai pinchl inisr than with us, hase moade, aiid then lie is a ihiNO," which, of course, is easily evifilained liy the diftfeirim Phue Tagal girl leaids ii siiiilariy iunevenitfuli life, is elimat4 IUfider a spreadng maniirive or siringe hnit inaitudsi r A eriy fiw rsdi of Ihelin tr6 a nastive yoman may often he s rwa ns ih i r n of yr iii s rouiid of buns Lois dutie Ihirfing a haisshss Isuorn, wis ii is one of the cohinnoiest sif her to thes brisdal age at tWelve, ansI at fssurten shwi 48 THE PIC TUIRESQUE PHILPPNES may be a monther. Neither bay nor girl has moch arifthmetic. Yet it is said that the percentage unableh h ce- 6 or gai sing an lockation iUntd wit sin thirty to aord ad d ritb is Iless am u ng tir lagail in 1 uzifi years eat thbb r wa litbratly no 611ifiane bikt in 'than among the Spaniridi in pain.fi Agifinaldo Monit aneI in xi mt of thses iial his dgt brio db f1 igis a1 fire dforms 1 lA91i n for e erying on the eusue ot in tru pauuislu wear tti iii neait tue6 Aod b]Urtifitfi tnru ctiP edt. 6 in ddithion to a reivolvr ti y eatsy tfe bito, ior heaviy native knife; as tiriiait as 6iine sand Aiid ricer -h~g ~aUmVNkA AW a Print lunig, hut rarbel Aar they otiligi i to ove either iistesetttuosMte weapnfi TUs nahtives Aar nut altosiri it lii enulit f (hitte years Ouretentionsk hotels line anhei otgied,.h oni the street in lage~ niunlnim iuiii All iuunct he sit suupposahly conutacted on Elinrpadi iusilets. The! borne hy luattpadst ight in the eeniiiig~ Iluriarie Hoetd etc Oricutei is in high repute, bfit even here the greatly finereas~ iait sirn Aikigiist suit &seltetonler I 8th) service seeusm inueuurudly hiliuted wsith Agpeaiuit Whft -I,~ ~~~I9m i'ffl f W 52 THE PlH UM QUL PHILIPPNES A SOS'ALEidi CANA, AOTC tililNi. ANsI efOPS, iN 1IINIAND Whsns Thei Anseiraisd giwst, if lie~ stays long tlinit is ll it iorrA i'riejjoM fiioatterWU what, OIiseoad e nough, gets a6ekotontod in thw Ihighqpost plsilippine or weadtlWr The drives' Jhim difissifntiae tin honwn ed of woven rattan, with a thino hAriAd Maly sleeping'-W vi6' he Ionfica most disnasily as hed ran tfinlistiaL mlTAI t, ahoster a pil low, two sheets anid a finvjitoiiii fiom his ni sin and 6fdnos' dot p of Whipping up bg netiniig, ahseneeo soaikhin nosit0ress and gout a I at fiIn shy son iahkts Iii t' fo' an il'eiaoe tirip is 1t1isut ones Consieisnt hofft lie never erases to frevlt At lisA i; s rit I o'i i'roifir'ooim of taesi liieth ei ma rai for, asiddes iilfia sslls A i Iiilti is' i'IissAstoite 6iiBait iii irk riioii oh riq roil f~i in' "si9 i r ~i Is er esieli 6l ffi f~ 'ineisaisist As it' ta oid Bax stose ijsiAg a or nns to faoed Hiw t Adl ro mini the ' roiinieilot kiii rholi pAISSeng'g'r a reerit style of rulng vegetuties isisil grs'v wit is i is l~inI ia t lit f ali pi o l plA ii a 5al t i i) A6In'sI it is iiAd sin's in U IMt ev ryj'oidikiiiiit i0artes piiupof sal s ia toiW lii6 s] p iiii iafi Ik fsii Anot l eii5lii W iii'i the4 earisia islets siii sit lls'f te esiatnineil a lii A iiiiIiiisS(W pt Pu kI'il sip it u'" ii'ta tnlAtI' i ii liigio f os' tse it' Isna'i fi't.* will fis' thag t r An.d lists homlitr ut Ai e isf Ie lii]] II iill Isa iiil tosni 1 li it i ii' no tar6fadtlsei things" like irigriss soinl tlisidsiia ' slsuss i A a s sawistisgs tiuls, uii's smade Isir ins sivIkV t lnoii Is sitfii ihesi~ a PZtfis'afaeasil~ they nA En jat 'giii I figls s's Riissstilihp isslsie i'aas sif "suinl IiNis J9As lifslili' to li tuilaris on as hieter thisit ftjtisrsi'y. Tlse sps's'issss'ii ilepieted sit siivi'tlisfi' s'lBE Nisj l'i'rii is allio6i iii sississlisp iii pag elI4t is a tseni'reIe lU 9fy ffillhififfdd'Ii Alugul 8'ilistsn tii a i iiAt "i tis liii frii~it m' roa'r tliatfirfi'i faaiit sif ss Assesisis sitlrer taina Is'sidrantisis. i'sss' an hi ip t iii]]] at rilta lis 'r l isidiAwata down. Al 6 i Inglsh hfuth"sl fiiswdygaeiso Ilisit HA' l sfiol issil f lit a ~ i sil a fiiis fis isilifig trsndu'si' nosi essii i fro lte ree ii aytl s ssAssrei ssess ssisi A t ssslathi ill tlirusifig theghissg iiss s6if thea phki "I ra l'luf! itfsssiiasis eAer bit f ssi ss issr Ilssstglitesssitifi ia ssnlislrot 's' r osis disslde ds' tlss s's oiis suRYit gisiglii lung sass d (ltraiss'si si hs' Af'its P.t 61 'si i idlssi hut itsstreet Ear sirasthrsitighe&iA]ed, I traisay i Ays 'I'iusstaid" it'iss ofe t'iisler JIws'e k; slsidt d ifeAre NHmuesir aWpair sat urst' seairunks ss'rsm s ffi ntheissii Filussrvssse Itinyafsisel ilisprissatn w if si disWUsisrd. Isitwr, asI i is uilt IitatififInlisi iiiastaii regu la-i LMost) XimnieaAisseprsi at Isslrisii tioigln oti dis tina frissil vt~l Imigail issid, f r sating ts'lv sieiag the sreeteas' are sif k 'iladIslit siliake yet pesstami umrt st idiss Woob liatisitsaisi out tirmstyof the a SseI aslisistelyno ngif shnien earn POPULA TIOfN: MIST7/dES ANDI CR/EOLES 6 to ptrooo~ Itieii. I is ot eiisietedgoodtons so ort iwest of Ith~ioodis ootIn far trWst that of thus thioq isiol rly sat~ires6 sod seresoits, he sisi o cao- "ises feOre" Jilon hoet,) thes Eogligh-biiit sodtl oto0f jodeet hi ifidiif Whgat the~ir too ftree ififtereoirs t&Figthsliiwiid ifisidhi sod Itagliaso ffdhsiay It A"Whtriisi de vs porim ijhirh is SpAsishii fori s itlostrstes Sk soeish slotoridoess id hJ&Osiesafists ateio-dooooyif t4k rsh. sifig WIit f6 t lihosi i igifiig i MtAo tie rildiUs sAtioii sod tA tie sesret h~i nifdo stmteed-e gsfidnirhaii 011llsor to idf~tk H9Akih~W thh rII ii )eff6001IS hii id A r taiaai fart PIPLMOINI II \I VSTI /01S ANDI CRIE)1E iii tohr pine se lii tot itris efiiatrse so wirrey the itie agreeji 6 it oan sitiMed so Iiterr us A itt itts- I ft t iWe hlsi klirt I Nt sin Msire h l hos'eth iner mgtwgiih for tier old hire6 Wofide tb ovi tii lore iT tie eRoses Im fi uaty t li spi ii ti diest igerlupaots ofantis, estiiiiiaf4 that,hdntV d ot is iii th flot iiil fioerlaiiL - ti tuiiiftei ~ii igius inlsit a hoses tif liroii~ fiffstsiers iiitior, elevei at'it IIug!X t~ dihIi ii t o Itouliipu *6 iiiW6 sot ii iis ioi i limiia iii ti fiiiiregau us uir tusg intaslt Jtigti rut iiir u si stnduei iieute uug ulAiiiis066euuii tire-unugitie its1flft luettirt.i Mth John i bii,ii u; ii kJKf iA in~ I f hi 66iim-sn qd far AloitrI, us P1(itfi ttIl uist' seas i~i tuttat agiodiftI heP~ilP1% h itt '11111 111111 u ututi 1 rlgifiiese havlsitgttuty litflu prfusiigd]I S Attitit liiiit I itil ah it itts tit trin todui iuly tutu s) all 1111tit fits ii is to 94 hltig hutpa Sefe t 11011 fi It 111111 tiit'stoieu tito'tiegyt wibiTgtluitd Pitt' I ttitisg 31) Sii~111 ho a oodollutot f trlterbeut It ' an' ordi firytunts)t slttik)ti0 Sfiii urouul eter E~iiiotatt lbistt Siis Belmitiegg Freselt Ital- rDidrt Ciftibt Afrie H C is meistus rho0 sodh rust0 ttibofts erttiott lit-g btt h sta It I yjtgii Obstuidl'o fit lossIi it 42110 hunigii'apuhi'islike y hSlide Employh 30i0ito loutileul oflit'iu guvonuidtl otostetiptfor idI~ te nts iattu tlistti tu~igefiter tuttitom alihttuissvith 'allifn witha lut kitdrel;u ettidih tj 46 fersti 'oeftl MAllot ~inidt t it Ilelently h I fuuu-o oso' fei u'iru sttiffe in ruuth interno al otie Togiur~ Iutitnio~u S 5i'll' h6i' lillit) tuet i iitt dwurtold ftsliuu thati 4 ttuOM fiyosflsitituir M'bika ly it t reestith', utffo'to ul buy tip uttusli h~~~Rootetai' eusisso iii tosif i toutsel utui i4toh1 'u' inikotut Mi'indtt' repthijgttuifs sa 'f uth lututtue luttid.it is tuot iiionv Addui'uitl' attul a Reituty tuitto'.l ptiny tbddi~~~~ parga'srttIIIttusisad parly is toruiItiaHistrIo. Tt stugtir jtpiluftiuifi lust afsu litrgrmnrseI itei i fittit'at "itiuls t'ouiitu ut ti- lull 16fui'all tlut' htieoutttd bue I iduig Ifs' eseoRKeasi' tIf Atetlift'o'siti' urf oruiti'ulu uItund uttit utrusa io aus vivfh'u ittuv uo'd i Iuugu utita iii iWA isAdEuii ledtutu, 1~ td iro', ustit wo'i' r igotiurf uur'uo'fi siis u ttelIi ''tMASiisitorimisalt ii utulu auuuuv' ipsitu was ho'idhilfit Its J int 6gotst IIuuttu un'o'r. bos'riii.mli~ i s uetutuiPhOsit I utuu suo'ituuayig 'hinUntt rtuos Abilyu'itua ''s t uu stu'tietstdiil'uittu i is i'ut'i-uuth rM'iuuan iuitgis ptersuoa wo1Ird tt'i~arly d t'huit Ii 'tstss ilH ruul ubiuub'uu uoos'it v'i uist ' 6 olkiii i bier the itush tfi't' Piteasutu tthe fixo'ul-luuutlii'nttioiugi' leint g hisn aVeury'West iuh'litig 6iiiiltresu'i iuuid uittins lu'Awtsuuh'isiot fame;-fu'ultu'u lhi'it gis'us 115 tiut' i'vuirt 'io o Aitsl'iuib Ip- sod. $sysutt inii. tituneuig li ithiut urlutsIdiu'' stsai'e 64 TW 1 MC URMESQ0) P111 PP11) Jluoktd upj III ldinii the toastf f'eeoary a of t he- Ie lartigesag m to, tim A ioperiea authuitiea~togfta lawn wouild eagerly assgeot to4 liiar daulghter' al liaaek the H of 6 manhila Whatever maty he thm edue'atioo wtth a norslmu-kspiood witinhoot agoige stitg adowry; ot tme biit liaur. they always ail behavei jaist tim ihat thed Spooarghda lumpedao [theio ogrels,1 aimi sad all, at b as the I ialhAATritona whoa; they desreAd They wdit the oatf~ em, sd Eia ae sat whr Wieof the aulart ia a il eat wlti hIhirj hOa ads soi baehaifet;d and sit on So doing. thoughlmvwy661 m ght wiselyha; e vild their he6 gisaaol There is a a esorlaw~s ditt'reim hetwveia hU16i atul ai whit;' maen. 'ThIe 'higlb'r;'Iass 'ii ttlaila i ewrii~ia;'i avholl Io;f ngnr;'rs;sid g;;;~i;-I;;;;;ses bl;Iong hi ( ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ti Iit stiga" ins lut io;; can leirdly h;;II;f a9isO6;i;fig thlh;r; is t m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1ay reiel lI;i'laiv to 'ac''e'pt isa ';'I~irielr~eit;t' Its;' Chlinese inestieibea liii; lh; sidriidOesg sat atIlie n riiebAu swiltoe tIeI; wi~iiiih,;;a t mis's jooi th Iiii'5113hati;;b; iil thii, kge ii;;sc with; the dijIiIWh;'t oh flu liative6 siul "as' fII;; lt'p; oft hI; tIgawd. IThe Ioii;at;;a Weialtht sod rio; "eqeipo'liprestgi' cot;e to part hi;;;;; his: t''t 'toil shredns to Msihilh noii;; ahisiiishitg, heat vastI; i;;;;; liii;;; lia;fakinki the ha o bs sat';hir 1115115ttaiilies, as;;adddh; ii;ii th~i'iiighiaal the mIfI;;I;Ish;;; It is lii a'hoi eont;;;'s antI; ti;6 planitr l';;rf their I;;ill ut I Is, "re itgEuropeans gih li;; 114i;iIlo il biih;it the liiinIi'hi t6bi; thing' wohuhg sstiti bIbinlveo thiriei isferu't fnroai)I Ms~~sssas tunas: is t~~~les t~nems;; tisinsa;';'he t'Pod ftiny tab; iist 6;; lft is's ntfrosts the m isds'ssstasssi 66tI;;' f;rsigsNA I;;r'ha;s siif Mitita hiaii's tistem'l sgh5o'd-h0ts' i as seas Isisigilit aite aftiroogy is;;'rftais pasagi'gs of A shill; sit tffsisig Wisiel Moses this looigesht-headd laswlette iddiinlrssi; Its' tAM Il'Bgh;;;';;ss;; hthossgs' st givs'roo rei'ini'd, tisok ssnIh pr;i'isofthios Os foisresisll iod INPULA TIC0V: MISNTIZ )S ANM) CREO/LES 65' Ptel'opt aofoog hido 11001 i 0iiiI statefI iag id hns 89 d ol i ii o ti i tlojV iii lii Which iOholth 10 ovihl~ cuy 0000oetAloo 10 thme( bihdmjllowllO oat lvig hiry I Hie gilo Oilcifig low i 111e 606filgi l tI the gwoolt mg lmolllwlo 'ii Iavl m oitt iiIm do 4 l eim al l wmi- d1L IloAf ifhliili Fr ittil 1110 011111 iii8I iis 1111 1s1 hitioOkg~i oIaoom 6s iftio 111 AtO o on stfaisl the mo a lanidetrc rl lititi 4N Ii 01ctlb todl inid jfhgololia molA4lo Malm1 I ii iiii 0(t Wil oigiiiiri Imia 101110 O Iof ll iit ha il the (140111it10 1b filisli i~i ltifg1 001101 Iihi locoO 0000 1 dooli fio lilaoil tljlio imiso 1111d fth fIsiiit~ihot0 101110 andieli1Iblool 1101 iii 18111 iigilit fb AIii.'i c ins1111 rii(1loy likilri i aii 111 il it liiiiioMl lhiir Ceii i as ltiaog Ol ilod 011111 lb 11 o~diagooiool iy lifeoru 01100; 1111011 gl 111 net11011l ij~lftq (If gllVorlillloll iohh11 11110 l iliWy 111111 110tiv 11111 10100 it liays badl iot 1 11h11101 0101100i. What Ohio~ll 01111111 1111 d00n111 of 001001 tecogllitioll 101 ltho Spaflllii Wer 100101 bo 1 tete net been f~~~~~~~~~~~~bidd~~~~h his ~~~~lilt10 10101 u lifi 1111 otif 111s1s Agiholotittiod Th Ilii 1111 11111i fil1111114 h110111100s 1r1Mat11l Ilillaf 00010 111 11(1111t 111 1011111101 ohlidbtlltoOl hh 001al one11 l100fooooo \41110114~ 111&iYly 0(1 6 1 i 6erstaniii 6iiiimit 66al the 1011 111111 1111oiitity 11111e 11000 noioi 11111 $1111100 000 1111% 01111 looit 11101 1ha SItI 11111 ita e (lhlol 0111111111 ol l olo 1 Monks 1111 eillitil fiirei are1 11115 vliog 111001 0110111 ~l 1 001 s0ii111itiltllIo ttlfty 111 1101101 1 101101110lii 1111 1011011.ti far thir eliolaii 1021111000 fl is fe1 te Ogtithl tll 111111 as lrllingi IhA 11111 01001111101 lle~ 10 cfit h-i ItoMe hoothed1111 Pfhfili 111101 (t1a1 ilkid inali ag11111s 46 i1111101101 re1lleo10110 811110y of ill isooolrv.gbac ee 66 THE PitTUI S)UE PHIIPINUES Jo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i &NS~niogowio Qu~orrc, MANILA The chunrch' inh the hAehgrnand. O 6te an 61 id iron wang made in tot Iina in h nrape, the only oin itO the kind in the Phil ipineOA JOHN CIHJNAMAkN' MNIH ONAIHRE AN I) ~IA1IANil O 1TH11Iiiitt6I i it~ti 6 iibltiiir thligiti d ithl S Pirdiii 'citt fil if (idi Ii fujil of the Aainti leeItile Phiipiiiines ititiely per oeil eittn tecr. u ntin'ie h t-tttortfe Iltno wan not frititi I lie cieiilyij t I4 ltotIcFKtog1 bat tifA\ too a~iniieg i oif91 Hititi barium n41 Iiiiled, 8neib an i coreaiaifiticedi ofl ifiikii fticlhi it-c tip tu tOlgitd 'ift 116( itt itr i 64 bldibii to be- tkii l0ly ohllii 1ret ith iiop fiftii of I hemiii eN ilmifi aila ~I lion-' Dii i the liben tdlito'ualo ii toe 'itniQ anit fhere niee bfloo4dy et~ialldiet call nhit ii ot ity iW li eieticiuiliii io at i~fid (tiireno Iai Ol citl a-oct IVetteti]6 ii Oil diii ft at6 iit lOtIloA bliuB-ice of4 dI lie foo-igt tctItk m ii ii WA diii0 i nito il be lonot lit fitiy imlbiii inht1t ilftititi titiitin~jdi worit 'iiiiidiirmatiot~i fur itid;itlcl u th filoptit athii iii invli I qtlebq rEotn ci- 5 ai-p lit i -t m it iltb f tht ii Otiii ill 6966 li mlitteoirie it iuulierelit Iif nit Ittf it kliii Ii i iii fnig biliii1 rtt'ijii lhWibltitd dittt "rtilt 16id'm-i kuti tdiretaitliid o 'lkthetoitgien ii-nif tinlifgte jit iiilii-b it Int in a h ti l6j e'uc poo'u lif itti t t lit Ill tinne Itttilt-c nyl-tlte ficial.1i aitil iii itl Itt it6T ott ln fith tile I6 liii it iiijt~ Wil it liii tt1 t ecait6irni mta'n I ttlidift'io utl itiuny ittid oieccoo d&ii i mul rnI itii hWi1 Tihe iti il, Itr ha iuuc i hit- iii iu-~- f li lt'1 Inlitti umoiuliviitmuh- itt i it- I'le-i giltlt tr 3iitti Ititibltlit'ij ttnii' i oltiihjtttlItlt efW ii iii till6 Akieit ti tttttltt I ~ittSptt acoitld Wtiith ig iptetim-co, ce-tibliote6a lute r6ice i -f lit ot 9iiff ott bite 'to ii the19 t tilt-ilit -n N6iiit lti ly fat iiji hin jl otitii iii'.9 ifte.allt-il t'itr MbAdl' iii 1i riem- fot-g~itec Joib ficr-tle flbloiuiti -fi hej he ottti toi tyi'e'. the ort-cbori-i wi titi ibitao i-Oi —o toit t tntcitterltitem hle tbi i' J )HN CfHNAMAN MILLIONAIRE ANDl PARIAH 67 i ii iA-tf 6f flid ~14 uula"01 ~a~ dii lhiii 6bi d iclar The Mlohi coi Nrr th lia i1l1 111 an4ih4p1'Ii41 04141W0 r44e 4144 d 4 luurug TM u 66n 6 fha his koda eveTy pig Iaii gull hIt cafl u ovii er~-~ a~s Iiill IA iiit ruua uus fuurty uiwltuirs Bihuu suuill uulu)u 6miio tuugiluuauoy flruuii Its TIii thu uu Ifiulikuu "ii4us la Ni huh1 Ii i uh1fouuhu d thle Phli4 psiii ii uliu I uuuuil (Aiuh 96ttiiouu thu ii luiufl ttii 4 eXIpIhiO Ot bii al iniu~usf th uSekd I ss0IIIIu(r tuuu Oidu f iq~ii auuhu uuu iiruurt uu I uuuhc)N-e ge iii Iivuusk ii 6fi, roufhf, ut6 uuhuuu it0les( SiuIM1hiih 4iis~kut' thu V sauuuuf uru 6fife OiI 4i I.Iddifit)6I thk' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Tiiuituui thWeekuuuuikIi ug s huul uhui, n uurr sirab'r1466 he tuisikli v~4i siitk Withuls aifffit rulirrirsA) hut6 isafiiiif1hiugs irur tuut his: Iii ruutitry icngtiii ii tush 14' ihoa ii'shi4'st aliusNAM Iihusurs144hi h6is Ml iifi lu0 Iis 44red 66itfiafhits Ap( 94 siA6 i iiiia'4 M it iti hIrrutt I lfid Ofife i disuiiu 1)46 Withl Ifi 6huuus uifiuihiuu5 t~kh hii iq 6ki huuiuisyuuhdh utara illuhu tudii ill 6Id uuu ai l9tyf iia il thus141 t tuis riuu6hriuru dtirihdtiesb I el444 huituuutur~l Wieb W41 hufiffikius & of fiirii Itu4]iuula Ai Aii 'l ilbhuiAhu4' eumiis lidtuit~ tihieti g iiiuuguuuiuuii bfu 44 i 4ii its IJhs i44445s iii I Tlkuuti Mia Jusig 6tusiMPre Iii iinc Middle~ y uuIung to, tt~sii t'aasuaus 5444 ~iu~us~u fiuS5l44i I Iifiis'sS t fiusrehan irhei dolf2it 68t THE PIcTUESQUE PHIIPNES it for a hundrded dihonsaid or so frotti a Germanii itifft along its border to 'indiratef thei lenfgth of sleeve OC i~naeire (leelining tmnsiness, its nes tean Wlheio ~g the Thredtlt of 6hest and send You otT wridh his roost Amnei~ett generail, Frnisiii V Greene Mans like Pdaeid smile Land the gitaaiiitfee "M~ toakee alter samfe iteet hettiokninig the6 salon4 of tChioese hoildfings ringi doppel M~e die -tto tittee, no6 takee:" Awl i the not iii a surrey of the eitv's mfAterhd progress eV~ cihanee are hIis $61 stilt of thini tweeds, Eniglish style, brtlitless, 'ii lAnii' l`nr i uidred wotild as sooni will altogetheri sueptss yolr espeetaionsh as aTineaw ifthllate with the lepers ni Sant Latmtmt as with fIt th te 6 r.ij~O ifitle IloaninJ Yoa soon finid ottithi maw utele Chinese6 mf lihf~i16ou do ol Siii is6las, tlniglt wrle it it is tia seek tat Jew thre 9httatkeeliers; t hey hitue ott rlreslthy Cititlmnuut itte~ite his httsittes aetttuutittuuuee tuJ6ttt~wttidtitg Witli utelt otWier its to PIteles, anti eai tu llIt s uous to hntlepl6trate s6iote lest itti f6sP seldotut be fidtutenea to Ieetu if. The Chihee etiler1os titty dtes tire ptretty 9fife tto gAtti to eujat flue futet tier l got six t unwuths' t ittte frotit thte ifttuporters on, tisii nu ediiutuetutahericug due perspired odors;l all pfirehtasa's, lat of 1 t I Itse ittuportfes are tuors usasaso tt ta~tsssaat tt5a'~' Mijj% MALA 'sttRkrptlyt~ Qlit< OPa Wgius 'tar MokiAiiassa EWa faut' ali l"A'r' a fr'aaiu Ilthe Fillifutis6 tart' the C1 'latesa' ii elutursttit uit 'taatiatt'lttlaiigtl 'add ailii lta'usaautill habtits tflutut Steretus Stir A'S e ttttttaati6Utla'td Atliutut tt of~tut t'aat u'b tat sui arst'ks, tlAtariug lisa lass lautitli ij~iiiiiittt t 't y Hat et' h'iir~ih ~detWeii oit elat ituifas tfAr gutu'au'kt't~gttrtluusaithlaigutstt bauirth it' a i a atltyyoii, iiuF'o uuli ra'''uhts tt Jlau a nt i ig4 lutut "al fkt-gria' tie iusitst tatuua iiita tutual iuua'st oft fi hu tuat" It I uhs tat tf limit uiittut'tlht' taut stil.Ihut ujha Ciii Ie hut atrahl fitot't ltur' ra'tut'lr fat'e ttt't'tattttt t t feet'us i ittadtt'h fit tb i'itt jir'uuuuu'stua t'tli a ~ ~ htoi lipiti~ 7lua it fto pot pittiettutl o 'a'ht'st wituss'ulr'e t'ttt't'fibth ua4't hutath" I tt rtite tu tihtat' stisutuhfatioi tan thuauglaaau t fit' hat tat6 61iit'' tauiuug tiret' i'ulls tall iifi aeoit hats, thuik iu tutu 6uo jifa i at uth fi uts ih tmat lnats It'iffd O61ii 9aisVi tte ] i ien Itti elto iuuttat luat~fi ('u'uauata' Alistrit't tat fu'ofiu tlut uutttt"'ti t fat ii taatsatpa'pr;to', uukiig suutualy tnuusi hgf tiitt'thtrt taq pAr~ihff utah ftfA~t5 jhat'aa ttats fflidi' ore COLLEGES, OBSERVA TORY AND LEPES' HOSPITAL 6 Ykjlidko sI-D~g the less ifijlulerAnt Ijndi6e has its I Tbh EA nearly all tite gold the nati'veslhrosl4rdc iqem- shop, whence the proprietor or sonici assistantt II in o certain i di tres of Locoi, mel which, with its nsnack lhe tinterest of enlarged potifits is very Apt to lake frooi fIke tiVY (ildcese testetugerI; is not eAly well ficespiebt exeorusions As a peAddler. It is the ifonoldrm hoowasi inl Alblaik as "P'oracale gold," holt nofds its 9INe so1,d elCoomhe1i 'idns trader who gets bidd war nu unfkntownl EJpMantite to tlse Flowery Kifgikemn~ lmOeMsINaN PAnREsa lANa Hisa CLMor Pnrna, MaMons Agaisald, baroly attainied the oehmmal grade sf these yodah, root at Whsme are~i macsioeJ C`OLI I (GLS~ O1BSERVATOIR)Y AN!) ILEPERS' HOSPITAL T I I' fI A 'I 6 0s I m AId m isc i s C mids' tcilat immotAlI IfacIilitiesticoeral ("b'Imare A, \h'lfi~i tie,1hrl hint AnmerfiCan T harei boI m'lm put, immure 6Jespeciall hyIlewldoo mtw o ustomsi Ait 11mm' port of k ail-a, inj Isi At5IV'oos is sjlmoir 1mm tlic Imm'gm imnmmmhmi'aV ~ mit l IA t~~ t b6mm'l tmt'oem l dfrm tIn Amocim'miim Pcmmcc t'Nmmnmmssmomon's fl'mO ]t" in 11mm ip itO,' sig,o m mla hii Imoiiness 'min '"m'crn 'it I 'irisIim o bI~i i tci jbiif te 1MO tem, lfIti9 mm kill iii mei~t mps mt mmmi~ immmmchimliiftmom'mih'm iitk0 Afivnot 1mm li! ii tm, mismmimi limki'mm'es scui Ate mmi'cnitmmarmd j mlfAi(Ii m "gim mit 6MII.)o1 cmmtsmimi,'t 1 Smi I j mis trw m iAnt iii m to6 lii mcmIIi' mmmlt~ mit taf itg i~mi V iii imitmirmom immiy atesirm'ml say lii mc' mii N lmm I I' I 'lii t mm si im i im ti i mm qii i mm dm m ill my mmm' icim's iliiim'tm' mmm m i1mm 'ty mmmii mmlem gm immin m llmym' omfmimimmti Wh ii Sto m, m iijjim'lm'tmlm' m~litiid!rig lthin' EtikfE simmiglitMI timmim WA Wm'msIl tim, m'm 1,9 ii6f km mii mA muAt mi Aim tlmm' l'~irR mm" 6m'mo' 1 wkmm iii mmmimim tiUiP I miliie'slm t bm'mmimAuus filud timr tgi'tiljm d1stwits 6mmmmm imsI ii i iolil mlmti mmlik r im ''tmm' 1m'limtb A it m tmmmm'"66 m''''imm if miht fim i t~iftl 'mmd mmil ~i'm1 ii Always~IlII mea m's 1 mii's'mimftiiill i 11mm'd tim"'1 fiii1mmmt mimml l~itilimm fimm't mitm *itifi t cil Al m'mmt iiiitm'i'f'il" mimm itianleil nml ri isIsA timm'mAm' mmmiiq1 ti uni iii~ 1W * liii l m It \tiiAMi1i1iicii ImuAll mcil mm di fiii sltAlmigiit In 1m skul imbil matl one dmrmtm. imil' lm'mttmrmit 11mm'~ dlit'im'mAm nii mmmm'm 6 mm'lm mmismlmitlmir ic'm s'' mmmmm tfim mis Iifmim ift~im film'ftmmciiiylmtilcs "imimli6 6iiitmml d1 m sthm mlA igni mm6 ilmllmigo1m Fmlifmmmlm'm's '1'tii' mmd Ita mmml m1lii k Ali km lfitI im m mit ml Aimf HI'McIIIfs Smluiiii'WA, W 1gm Prs1Mm' aris sm'i't'mtiiny tIIm'Smimi' mmmii IAmis scitmiim'i ti mmml TlO l 11mm Wpmiam'ds EbM immlsi 81ii p musth al trpm (imkmmmtti 'mLairimmim" W tmi1mi't' lm'mciml'i miiithin'1 fima msst thin mlii mme I 'irM&bhirk n h mm'1l mDm'iE thin m Imammilm ~mmlmm 'mm'mimi mig thin' oll ~ jh6im''jlisft m6 mitir ly mml1 Ii ch im"sim mm is rim' miptlm Km~~~mms mit tii'mmmm mmli mm~~~~~-sTt AX'm' il'i'm t mm imts IA - 0 THE P1IT lIPESQUE PfHILIP IN S T666hiiiig is a cortIumoI resofitre cf the 16i Icit6 a Its 6difipl inished iii fib neiaginflc~it hqtiV6 a 66ds natei or less pushinfg college graduiate. The Aiou iio $soils ot thu~ us inkitowtu as Yet to eoutuoutec; turotsh&s sehoohufnaster Whose portrait appears oo this page hUs fh6 VJsistot a mo~st plea"sed surpise19 in its elahortet Ad& been receiviug fromn $1)O to $1 til a year, stud this Iris eseetteust areugs~ itieludiuig a bheatd~ ails ekeruti d passedfor got1 arrage py. 11is serrie a 'Oliifly outage of thei \irgiu, Alt of it the sunuPf ol? 1ilitunnas. reuuuered in wel1to6do rItages trouft thi ty fto lutty COii dii~ahi it hot rogue111 ini MlatuI' A utI witli mile southeiast of Mitlaid, Iii *hkie place it *ais cus- acsluiratt Ao v dse ai granuifltAk-shouud otiust either ~ttrne~ jesartier Put lifift got ii personu oliee ii uuuisitti, at his9 tttett or itusist upot tpermuissioni tago uulura~ihd. 0ow expensui, tit collect the Ldke aIItlie Itoritsu tutu Insai saayttuu uuelier tttr slit at iauts, thue 2 utiut ihs~ru uMished Ity Ituc 1)ellrtiiiett itt 5'iitorv, hijsdste br tesuit Edbenetutiou Thle rutrut sehua1s ft Attiers9uttid liii lyj i ~thcii s are euinunituuiay ihitite ptritutiii re ui filse tit' st p i tur aiinhe af' iiitlc thiirfitfisltiiugs With a tad lice BVllh i I )ill iiitr Irieslirse ht int uueli higheor thuinuais itnsidiitit I aau primlary grailes. t0eeui- is s Attel u to ni h is~ of, nail htoihu its sessinos fur aWeeks tiou lets. tDin tug mror ittfin together litider sAlone spireus~ t i nty yea rs uts etiht rtiiboi acer ing utusigo aor tither title tree insicle i tin ta ann9(Ie i In Spiaunsg alin tutu' P ihi' nh ug'it egtlet i, 6i'trlqtaittti 'uah as luiu's wasg ufttt'u thni' Iari'ia' trtt~iotietl alit hu I 1ai a l tor (raiu~ig ~ua fair it trifiu gis'a'u it sraat'lId snail'''toirut the gorverumietlit), and ares ThFle 5'isitaur Ituild iii it hut6 alwrays th~e upers'isor, 9 5aa tuu'' tu unilitt lati'utecr~ hi as sceitu that thiu fiiu'uyu's fitil iiit'ti i'ulie) aig's, wifitd eatehisuuta han datfed t nei'lee giugi' ututi Sh~ it( tldc a I-t list over utuere secolar stuilies. ui i~rttttiul, ttiab~ stf it i~el Nfiut years tietore ita'! Pd"L i'gitu'tg, 'edueu at t~il a unonles at Mailatiu tutfid6 theu alt arttc'I I''' ta l oiiia r i Royal andlItauuu Rfi iri Unui'rel tuini ut 96a1td isati porlt tiny sity itt Saita Tennti's; attii'ht Iet' 9i4n'ii' aabhll) altis ant hiss grauhtated h lninstutalsgl ftutWt fl~01~t tlo selaulars; Andu mitti dl'tint tutue anduti tau thI t'fli ceatri~ gusleuid iii P hilippinei apno inbu t cas ale Icthio thuutan Auttongy its endaist60teut iar' uti'ru'nt liar ah16a'at iccy uue'tas IAty tier s1 tushlhs ot ii i".uttah u''eaardfti i'arihaly iii islih biy it alik]tffidlu~'- ept~tlac plath ueuiiji ahitWia ii dnaid ~a ittiniftL 'liii hiatt tah fid far tct'nt sfiit harra - tin u'h 6 uth Siuian i is i(ii.ot tatiltetamuss' 'tnti w I Hu ils thress us thaut sf th Wudle lass asti secn'r ltAuuiiiii 'u d 'ihen Lotn ihAjsii uctcu itusecac tcg i".th hut I'r'stutc i i itieitula'y licen cqhitpiniiiut Diruatotaitig certatint museiuisattt di'itaeil ueltul6 isa's t'i'a'a'lt6atun'a hitflauthauth'u tttit~ in iffis utudetl itnl lay natus'c ylnitllt ThoIthre an 66nnrul lie ii' lApuaruthal aithu tha'ite 'ut ald &6tr 16i'ectt itt isa11 Iireparatotbv Autu crulituuifi r soa'huaaas fur hutays antdi Yoaungl' pvit'fi'ssugan' d tu tlti i iutithtatttoitttiit i'haatu u'a'ilitro uncut, dale of thin' lies) being iti' "Ahtte'ii to autuifipuh t 'uuut inn h tuthters the Jesutits, aritli an nre'uualhncunt ot sers'uurl htifidihrel 'Flu atbsernutta i'y's typ non-igitui sernic'e is ut Issitoi It hiss a utiteoworlya tta isoyet lerii linet1 bhia iatutiuity. Eight aflkiit'rau sigun t ets r eunpfltie.. another nut all sArtsitt objectse illuslrathaufg the life tuna1 tia ndiuuthietiti' huevrintutu duugrt's itt tartutn icteisit~ nuntulrs of asecure as' sittu the Pluhiptpinae peoples. tne'ar'ness or dtlatgi'r 'rta' tin' rain tp iltt ithigh flagL t"WAR~?WOIRKS AND ClGAI& ACTORIIYS 71 otstit at th~e niotlit of Ito Pasi, ini plain sight from intrlodijee (bihigthniffo Amnotg thes Japanese.~ The bo~th the nrter and thel note hntarhors at itight en1tred deceriiptioni given h~y aerepndt of "Hi eper's lantevos are uOseit As thes haxe thieleas and the tow,7 Wee'ktW~ whto penetrte~d them loathsome pirgeetnt white-edged elitds eonaie celidditig in fmom thte dlivvy- of San Liafar, int DeeOher, IslS,98 whenii Phaptients tlii of the assa, a eriey is ou 9n throtugh I tie at vets, at numheredOM sixtY-ne ottMen atid tirfity-seveni gils and oat iiV6 4winiti aS deenestred vane x~ It tmd"g of fne6 anIlew was a~ paii fat otte At that transition Iteriotl toult teho soleopily ittote'~ htts watitettttte hot It otw tn-s itti toniwe pt~iyciet'tn d tt ttsraes had Nlv4hietitt it- ttxttd dt stoxei. N iahhit oh to tll titi itih~t &1 ii t.Iittlotod thits tt 'poitat Ithat tan le r.6 elethx, to Ilotlo; C6lot ttstI ottoIer tt iii l imth ot QWnAtct ixt tie ptetitt iaYat ports hetWt ) ovaato to Hton IxOtto siminttr Nwivxeng'~ its tAt itittiltiet itt ~Itipe linke haltf sair. After Iihtve Ies fsi tixod hv tetOIC-iptifi doe ttts '-tgatlion Itte Atneriean Otleerf in charge of (itpitlaan syluist atld tOtidrttA Itons~ xr tiponne -vsh nItfatee elexstxl abottit eigttt litintred Itifigiters. I io elistit t lie tttttttnothtte vety vs ki Logtoxl it tI t Itc i i'f i te va ee he ifth t thnle it hosijst tin 11 joflepers mgjttosptst iii tnt d o itt Mei sentone tet(id (idtnogti testt n f hoot bad I v ti oI n itt ttt tto iiitee t~imng mneie thtidl t Is6 ittima nritov tett tin irtec or vise as tiavitig lietii titile nothttt Of Santot xriin It ixti fooiteitd 1itho 15 i taut 'ijWItx on Iittttiefiettfin t wiohti itj4N~i tit vitdenee Its to iseialthity ttid tinp ooi~itttcsf. jokteed tith l ti The lit int fur stirikhtg small i ittis is iii the ivallet toe A xliONi toa itt 16fi ti liii o iti the iMioitido itt JTf11 0 n tt. O f evietit eiitsttttifinit Attd cm ill ipiteity, ItA likit Isioit tit 31nittit t ii itti i itetteol stfiit'ixctiesinase lie~ne ope titirtiha ve teso heeiien f (twint Titit it exhtintd in 1 otet Ittit ionl ft tttt ll itt it II t i) it io xi aic I ig i tt 1 10~xj~oj t iinifN tttid o fI ttiIpiptnnc. NVATElR\WORRS ANI t(Gk-t AcrORLIES T E il neeos itt ittdlid ittf 'Wittiti pittitie t.itsi k i t1t lit ely otfset thes laek iii a 466n ~Ykteni ivitthi tictvte sitiit ewtt a itleooiittt not ttiiieesi tither diseorfuittit in lit intt. ot Atlttoittia tix't toietiagemitin, hut of thei prt~v'teMitt's tittit ittihec tif ttht tug xi sti tutittliitentite Witte'ikee'ite Of two o itt ils'tttt Spututist gttt'hisenit he ti'it a uhuu't'r stiry, itne f'ull of Wrivurung agtint unot Manila poiten'ice, nuatme'd t'Caurrieiit 1uud AMvitine. This cideved investtunich Auth tet stangtuitne eatealatitittin It ftiu'tet', itt his Wtill, tefet thut trinett ut cUnit itt inoun'yq "t Iteut- ttr lind like this. Tinvsn great ironi xehti'o the seeondl yeaurs luter, hiatt thesiox teeiNN s'ied o01, Wvhent tnt oitl vise thought (ifi tiuetuhuhuut"N i'iinuec frton churituto Isonha tpin thu Ithiii itc o or nine m'ie' 6i et ItN suds; on tht. Mifartiii ite sut Masteo) tnel ' ivantin if tft. ati It is viuhiveteu it a reservoir sit Suti Jinan e~l' Whitets, cStote six muhes~ dut' t'utst,tf Tbiuionulo tutd tht'ii't' PUMmarNSTA-aJ61un At MAsuexA WlAithui*uuuuitSIttituuvui, SAS JASS uneL MesrTm vitnveyed to t hum 'ifti ini I'hteratihedwhe the tMM Nishnina were hAfdinu the heeahatwarhnk pipes; autd ttuuuughu aftt'm u eius thue Ilutusainmis itt htytletutet milivietu it a lilt he ptipso teren trigimutuily iutuitis'ttd hy tut fiuttusiasis'fi viiilei al ay otto fbitrthm as dit'ty t9ficuIts WiraterIhuat CIh it NOi gtuahtum ivhs i mi eitevivet titi' idea of revoluttionifitug s'itttuati Antl St. Liuti hauve' gt'oiwt Atintut uoe tu hs lgt niic i uvu. letaauilsu 'n iuWays luvuttlftul anti vefriltig Tit the Atneifi'auu'- W trianagttr-fu't and titu dtut dhoem luis mipes, at pa-eat Mittulnilu thus' hydleants stud theti'nmhmerumis lmnbliut s'xhuiMu' fur stubs,; fi utm ti'somveyanueeU o ifiean-JUiTC fosttaia-th' lttvss Ine atteet teins ru'its' by tins hts tilrs hEveeythtimu Wg w t huere faetory eulgfine, 72 THE P1CTIJXSQUE PHILIPPNES ixnpisiv&diacl n ifiery, vacuum-~pang;Wa what Hot else.e '\iixoig WAc IittertlNg. sighits hi ahrif a uis (H KL everything except tHis eagr platiriiithiiie which sbfii~ the inifijiiiiioth cligitarfactoie~s ii tfiih iij~iert; io, ay Jhow would not Huiatortaliz Hih mioiioy wa lost huf;bt the Tahacatlra, uchich sehhrini works loss thant i4;000 hir pipes remiained to heing water anid Iealth to fihiiiiiils iilwftigcly oiriicd iii Paris, or the I giaisia Manilad's cholera-thretened~ thonads. & The fiitIves working 2,ttt0t ann up~ward. At leaist tt0,00t0 iihtie sioii gives iil the usc of drIokhtg-wAtr fromn the e1otitl wotien aiid cilikhtrii tiiid ciii plociOcet ill thi~ Pasig; andh ehiider hiifist ditiapfwaied Th!ie hist ow idiistry. Att wages averagiii fifteit ihteen 6 entht hreak of it iras in NtW Wishi MAuid tin Aiulatd A day. (hue 6o6et iscrutte sa a c 6aletit of COIA -rAuCTuRY I* MANILA EMPiriseri ONLY Weuura sAMi Phie The ttttt squares or taiaeodits te the teumesias windwai hare gnanid euiehia-Ashet ill tisa, et &guu to illth Anici-icans, the Wntateruorks ut Saft Jiasin sdc1 3tl;lttt;00n cigarettesv u Yeitr. stuu uuusthier. iii:normund Muuuite had fur teut weeksi been iii lossesshui sit the tfiuuis wivth expjuurtiuig 6iiuu auiul s haluf ffiffihhiuu cigars a iiasurguiftic Mhic dpautuhingy tpuuti Gbiouucra Mcciii's hiiistithi The work-1ueiid iii thus-se estahihishifisents are hart ' idiuced Agufiuiahslu to tuna tlaieu ocer lii h iuu; ehdiutfraciied In Auin is is~itir as 4ihiit; diligenit hut, as we sainll see Iit was Host till afte ihue Jo'iuifio-n anid skillful. Eliucpt As lii the product ef 61iuifut fouri Ahuriieriau war boheai hit hWeiroary 1899h, tlA iiut (iersil purinciplhiuih atuiles, itusiticflicuit care in suetifiug atni Otis vuhitaiue~d full] eoifiitl of the Wciuctute hurt sit the ludislitag is uuuuie'&hinupuifiaiud ot in foreh'n iires systefi, oflut liiaud lueyonid SAtnti1iin ifunu iii paridfticua the fiiiak of tiinvii h'hdnes factories NATIVE AND OTMER MARKKTS73 and( of nativc 4s a horde ifidktitry is w6ry Inforief. ruio hiIttain floor and saw naIAo; g0010 rope Stanil eigar ar tad d1 almot exrohigeiir in Chiloi, faetorh one br6ewery, irr-omnaking anld brirakniAk'In ghaitiii lnd ldri man fbilalionls nmnre go ehar year io pidsjete.g U6 ineb great drf~Awbark to tirb evlpmn EtirofsJ and Abstralhia bat notf loansv t the l-1riited of ioaifn atai tires is tihe highj prio ea t ral, at wjiie Sialesk In i86tift ie Phihippines exported Ahoosis Iwo hAfiril now eamtsawmesg 80tt(1tt tons itffnsay hrfiracoimaimmrid mimflliommof at ingars hat siJW mmetimei thim djs- tfiemllv Alt o1fm it lmrommlmmi 1I0,ttt imiles lfromm Amma6rmimt rmmrleml stmmme o1 t14 lmm 41 [miitr) mmms mmeemmsmmmem ms tmeas tills linng mmli. The "hmmmmmmm mmm in msmimsammlmtimit is Imin-Iey t msjmmmm tfImee Immirts. r1' m mm tives fmtymre vigarettes mm m st emitirely, ymmminig t*vm in min imassibly dmImmmi timat It tim y arei `lsh." IRulimig prmee for aititst the heat qimality met elgars iii ammila r fim traini $1.tm to $2.50 a mumi dire. T6 e 3m6nmmm t: amd larg at om6 mitt aid kimmal in tim Ja ~k Ti-t mn Ih lii~ bini owlt $3 to $i a timomiiiii msv er im ad rk inili fi irl so-eallemi ii asama rigars mmre sold1 in Alamiaiti 'ifs saul mlllvrmmmmmHm-mmmseErsmmmminMmma are really immimi mit Phimlipjimme i mit. Tim time elgar- mfinie trimim fimmmam The timmmmmdhinthfd eImI 6ele rotitiag sAnmisi semmitere all over Mamilmi mits torimmerly ei4nm iti tirmmglm time11iki96 ithimdisresimami, mit demmimese at vast mitf the nimmetmn of seliing mslgmsimpsfmmr tlmm agigregmit mmmtimy mitimifn lab m im nimlimlim trimemi mAnmd hemre goveram m t-, the pluibleomimi 66 immt fimm~ireias stamnims at time skill mi teimmi6 itie airtism is simims tmm mimimiitige it thim riost-ffotle At All! imreemrig-a ioris ile im mill mfleifiartmmmimmt wihi To mmmst visitors time gremit immmppese Sami emis4l mmeim id mery, simim mms the Ammeiemmmm tmmmtmiie are Nie61mia onmm tikt xt m immterest atter tim eiNremlltris t [mmi! ir mnistim mim mimt exith hmere, mmmml time emmse is imfimei A id& fis iii ii Imtts imiw eser, time eity mas mmm om4an time samie as regmirmis time tmmimtims, the Mflhiam ifimmnmmmig imm tmtaetnring immilmstries mf6doit mmmmammlimmg i mmpmrimmtee, laiuim mirgmmms, lmrpsr mmte mvimii hmmv e vrei] flmm hull. thouigh time sbowrimgimmimminies6 a smgrrtmm ry mine mmi ifimimimm- immumm mmmbint time mmmmmsis i mmmetmml 1mm mmlnmm inmirtim NATIVE AND OTHER MA\RKETs M AN lEA'S prioidpal himmrkv-t is sitmmteml~ nmm-mr miimm he1mm mmmmtiV sms mmi (Imimmes emmks frtrhmm mmmmmmm mtammmlhes of time opimefdr iidges, imimsm- ilimmmmmmhmmmmi mim e mmmmy lie smin-i thargmimmimmg for time mimy's smmpplye amomnmg memm1ein imty. it is always simimke II WIti & kiwmr imm gremmtim imet mit smiths -immh mii-lug mmmakm-t A ttn- tihlImng tmrotmmiomm, as Adsoi fruits of himity viriet hs.A Pmalft-y tihinir lmajakets, mmmmmmmhmm-rf m bitt imemirmimimin thme hit h-t rimfiis abumomdamt, moore so dbmim immemmts "'All mimai-t mimist eamr for th ire tir mmmm imip mmmii fminminha tim ini-k hum be eaiteim timm saimie dimy it is9 kliiin Ainsim-n here iii time teatlhim-msI mitt tim e hi himisal IA they j6g aimiig mm ii te atnincis im-e tmmiis tim i~mi-sm-r ish6 ismn thi i o invi. As a trinmit mi rem iemliritmirmim. Ami-h-mid hmmfimie the pimmir residt, while time item- mmd imimmittinm mira kidlhini iii time- Ih i-remit mmes, i-athrless mmii stiffitmim-mg keemily, ae pe i-ggism early womoning, Pnst bfinmfor 11mm mimirikt mlieous, in-lilin-kits ininim tim tlim timinr min time kitrienm tim Wasit t~ime fate mmmid gimime are sodd alive PBruiiantAN six0okifimetll tm-m amid inrime thre einrmmkfimg min tmed tmommt gat animmimimmees 74 7THE PIG7URESQUE PHIIPPNE the MlUrn of the m aster,; it is theii tuine enough to on horsesal A utflo46 niest, h t[1 h iiesge potpnhitiuii nit wrinig the neck4 ofi the unifortunates and shove thema eats and dojgs. There was great seairrit. too, after Mnt the bodiing-pot or roastingr-pan that seeing hoti the Filiinho-A ieric.au iwar hrolke out ini Fehrnary, 'toaeeeritbf uat a eertaiin tou ighns whieh fresh-h~i le 1 tl99ft suppiesi having to he brougti t fromI in ~g-K`Ong meat ~ I estethis in the Pulipitiuesv'and other fforeign 1morts, with thes resuflt ms was~ stated. In th big arketabov 1oc~ftl jottd thes inuittu and thait~ meat sold as high at onie t mine As a dollar A pohnud Itttatoes hate An llunte trout (h Aho or Japan.~ die andi eggs ten cents apiece.11 The tigli prices I list nt ledl whe~at Ant finor moist ly fromf I 'aififros, time aples-46- for omany inotit It 60ceasmited geticea nuirritimnug. extmoiislinarv Imkiiorice tlitl it Iily 41mg teim ets mipiece Still titmic Imititresijte mii inwtotwstimug —like tis— fnmmm log-Ifmining. Tim staple fmwtml fistee tisem b1- F Vn'ti- As emimimpidred wimli thtt mmter timmirhet in Nemt Ait-i tAtd itttr Mmikhe, mute lie eiherlm- iii- n vie-grm or Otj6ideA- -— mr time mmiiit mitrmes of Whim-li mu rutithibmms tioes LanesIT (iaurNsrtR nROnUE FOen A NATmvk MARKET hihtum-teffd fi-ismi Simugmuimumr Aiming Withi rin-e it tomn i-re fmfitt Iom thiti m mit - It it of time u-itT Amomig fulsirmim tive fiamits tin- mlurays suitedeAi at uiriter AMmi tMA atrmmamgu jurmd mmuts dismulutyb- arms litmiimun~tu-sicks iii ftmindies eusmtfutihuh itt-el uhf m-1iehut-mt also. liedf ii lonmg hemugthhm for uhifm-iemtt mmeimmiiemmh pmmrpumses, is less M-sevmmW-il sit u-ati lsss uusum litimmm whim tis, mus timd siuott henigtihi fur fmrumjitmgstiiig timis viwomidoishy it possesse-s an tmmulu-i~sTAMm thmumri feammm a ecrtahi aii mtmtv msfumh 1mhAimt by9Is his tiiiki-y-ifi ts for huumoy-ftimier, gruMmethi mus tehmiri thie stoiu-r di iarttim-in Amlways laftt-mm-mI tPinki ummim very imift-niumi MstIihu plisthtbes grt-at bmeshu hhmmmer ismiutuhy muf laif n6itmmmt huasm hut-un umuuust o m ~it m inuctuaiilsustiouus mmmmnuu-sW bhumuassus gumavas. ctc&, e-humminM44inmha Anmy timmm hurturtm JA mlyo tth ammu Wldtut hmehfut-ai titit-uuliiles, gimiger; a xmrkitty muf 55h'5 fuu Augst hti; 1SO Wih thim Domtwe hut st-m smit Agni- jtuuhishismg a-oods, ims-aris of ommkmmminwmm tuigitin. di-hmr WniMint uuit ismmmh mid hMA u-t it-tscu im 11 mm-d Ad h itthmht f or fitahansith tuthMuerfod mmmmimimsh herus immut ruintuts, amiu itONit As wu-il mis tht SPAtihu I ruttuimso uorn- fuim-us-l tIm Iti tut u-im A id hurighut ihMut-m-r mumfmumog tmitli' iimmmnlinmu-rabIh NATIVE AND 0THEI AMAAKETS 75 )F6bidg and the iokovf blosiies ofIlte fii~ag~ihwg 64 64 cbide FM nue. Elhil ihe dkhctO hhbers are ivorhed ace especially delightful. Edible bhi&d'4169ts of lef tlip ]nodocigarClases aiid hats, or Even a coarse 616th~ vior grades-the hGetter heing exporte~d I Iiiii- Bfbi tnthiiig concerns thie Ydiphiii's eolifitctnicnli edttri~d tile ehiiies elistwoniecs a ceraii i iginpricil omiiieicis cone special iarti that is neither edihle variety of sctrielsthe hiiietiaoe>,aiid seanel Ahgs nor potahian-heWtel, which is not onldy sisld Inl the iftiac nileong ntlier cepiilsivedlonld ng thini> thle rUccii Is. Pe> it ii liii, 1isfiiiiiil ciihopis ttvrtinghinitlie city, Whe04ni ikonle tisli is nursed it i> ag 1t 1115Itin i~ Inil iii6 ever tkwinhi si w siile hooitfIi; tHalt spriings dan tisocdcrs; thogh fnrcigiicrs necassri 'lie listv it ills fbid tele a 911cc iii hctelitit wcap~idi in a hiiyo, vfonil and consider it ui~t t111i iq) lili Itiul o ecs oi. bos'tlPAP 1111i I ii l ivi Asitjli aliic ijliadei friinii ~doicilly tiv tiieiiss in the i ba io lst uli) lies arc ii >At~1cc d1U CIioess A it is si hot sfilohealflifiil Aoi — AAAP~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~5, AP ~ ~ c Ntad keilla fia Areiuiilk dirit 115 if hicO0 d 1ealer hbiisiti lii" ii. b 'hriiduiiusidi pechfiatis trifh 11 an uniernc IiIt, oemf induiii9 iN ait mclifih inesa seoio 1ne. ii h ina tie Asill cul l ~l il ih iids hutii iii I ni ills iiise sees stuffeil hulls situ1 hir~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~acih, 11111 if tI ~~~~~~~~du itt i ply liiilds nut hint the helidIIIas Iiahiiti thbargr I hushy 11111gilchisl tisipo h c (ilcu iicii jilitic, li'' I I Ifci tlills aitiTAiieedI gs iniffifehewiig I lii dsi~ essn of catilk giwlu i a Ihcg.i iigtdeli uf h 1 ely gifil ii gi hif IEnsd h'sfi ucnie eigbuers no otherg1e0111 tillliil ofit hrlo one1c d6 u ngll s tt ued 111 all nc ionsd i if iglisbt i alilur hisgishi Ion luau ase fial orpettyi ishisti scith 1 twin iirf cocgiui ge teolh he hicuiuighil It uM h g itca gie for if saliva droolig oer is and ctheMInI cOII it im'tit 'Frjni its9 stuccA gfroisetbu rufte mu uSh is iki -W isn k6p scukiiig 61 A tilt of NAMtE ni Als; And 'i i I f ani u everything is irtiy the iui1 pruvisd countf r di plft ing besidesvge Ofidio and fifiC - ~~~~~~I I E ci~~~~~~~~~~~~qgars, ctsiWaiutsA ib:yh At suglar-caiie. gr cii eoiri riebath, b is nd I ilibr finplt! ing delicaies; ahb e Ie stall kepe, iqatiting upon hIn hetels in thu shadiest corner. 6iWAWYit bart betel, yet kkeeing her eyes -very seids open br every cluinc I nAke A penniy sale. The seAyL liii t As pirnotlt. Its stW flsAat fre and tf'nit; a littie or dt; ad kowi dri fki of tlh nAtii ofit vioL; rAnd fo to ciltA the not ov rj artioL ola i uppito of tb6 natbv...... Ann~~~~~i se honda fly atigfP Wrtitiesv of the cigarifaeibie Aln teradide in l t th 4 ie isihorha one or miore vies Hock at nooni by thoushands As for the little tindas appear Mver little distance.i O~n the eve of a sbopa where "vfidi" aind other kintoicantsar svold, fetorohrgreat occasioin undreds finnur souddeoly not to fentkion II feWw arisloendic tipinfif places6 in spring Msp and fairkly line the nain aveaiues of travel.r Binodfi, they do fiit readlily adinit of cooptaiittioni. A fe Isis~in ples isn $Mssn Matting, wit afw he joperniandcdiess of tbc Anicicasi soldiery bait roimisotes labor, folly niect the archfitecurfial voilitifeL the sad effect ifittnitiplyig thee itacs NEWSPAPERS AND FIESTAS BElt'.RE the Ameicai ralifibia had lion gain ProfAtesant or Masoicit istietitig, whlereiltinstAnr portingtwo osrnisigads four' evening dalis lan paper warnedl hilos that he vifto tI i risk cit benig all ristedin tpailiband WIt news, several wees hide ui theislasid, like aoy other distrbebr of old, clipped bvidilyfrom foreign iiewpantifrs, though the peace, shotuld lie incite veiito nnoiy Ii M la few br]NYiefcblegramsfi feona lltsimgLKOng precethle Gad fleee vns toaiti have presnid oversosseh ott his atnalid Dewey`s arriivl, cud it Weas a great ifinodvtitto.f TPuintfgywith the enitiiar giturnor, whose almiost daily versatility uif the Itiy li uesedl hwditself auiuo ei adtthv se o nsts fin litonrini out six Eniglish psappigg svliie farnisliest A Titgalog jotivial seas oncewpIshl6tisci in the PhiL tbe sieivs weekly.~ Military infornitiuittit and '0persoii falippnes Ilthouglh Agitiinadtit' ititeratt vurgan was frontil moineititti naturally had geaet ltrvoiiineiice ini tlieitt. fi "stat cnitlevatitsns issucl ]in spaish A chiv They Were thI vntura WI iof 6nlislcd issen, though the isliscevr years agos atlencetl the ispimioot thatit h ituals work oni ithem wasi done Iby sunturs. In July, 1899,j piaper Itt this iiative languageI sijigit to ie mde very siueM the Doinislua iooNks lsega the Italilicatitini of euatil, ifii'; TIisgh1MIal leig ciager reatlersit eve 6rything sheet cAilled "a itrts for the prosefnbhiI of Adefii thttittersv fiit heiri stint laigitaigi trout details vif oldiivfog the rotberbot, th S' itltayitig claiarateislie aMY dltw it) atoilitak adeertiseotirifits Hfe tltistglit it ali ewdosit in daptist ightleOWNvr Its changed It d slotili thini histssrty, travefls asd explanfatiofis sit d~itioni Ahont thCan t tigi" uce the Aetilpsofar cutititoon~ taltiratl ttbenttivi'ilui, ltsisvereles asid, invun fogth mselfa to reasgnic his ohld volefprs tfitsns with a libbva pr~ IM ittirtst of storisrdlls Etaishi imtewiapr prntn aityatsiicititit jei sll the wil0vk tin isiolearssi NVEWSPAPERS AND FIESTA Ilhe 6ace onl a country newspaperd in Aindeiki who ivill and the Atfect was most picturesque There wouldU develop this suggestion,; and Prove that eve fin the he a lined of niiarchers, me~n, wonen~ and cfeldidrns Fa iFast the penl is mnighierHa than the swnrd. walking in single tile oni each side of the street, every offifitlnta is th MAnita minvd is hi respect to the one With Ai lighded canid lein hits haffnd. At hit orvals iii t I p helsim iid I pleasure known to the Anig)L int the milddle of the mVad. arnidd conicc iiua A9 tli Saidon as news, It has heeno exferised to f~im~hkstes onl Savior thes Virgdn and' th hvwif n eloiifbi h hofidays, tiestas, coeh1igfflits ii AM tier aninsemneids. sldionlier of fronei tweve to thirty own, and All& hi tias laid to recognizie hniotymhine~ holidays ii year, r~ounded by priests Wivihl a tbmitd if musick hiiii avnce. tisigdes Sumldays, or oily lirfinitre aoil tittyL64ne Iii a1Ll Scoeci of the HIleige wvi oere 6Vd with ithiimidg.il and heIn ldiacoit saint of all A~aiiiA is SF Fraincis the ottier pfariviisi stoiW;tiessad to Ire enerUiieoily valnahle Tearful, A eertriin tinnig of ivbhm otice wept cetdAousy In these eases there was always a gnat ld of soldiers for three trotir wheni Man~ila was in v~iager, And Witti Riod tray~nteets shot the iulige. ofhfei isider whose fes1 iftiiay is fniieei a high day, Xvtoiarr~ thme wiriid Is thoiisaiids ofapeoiile wfiiiig in these pr6w Arehmhdsliop anthd t fity regiumenit of hethiers in fulil cessions, Wansi ailh thme WENh it Wairasinivitg temus itt Taaaa MeerMA Rtasri ma Ceatabis tuzirzs siminikin'ihs sre iii itms evidemce mit thin n'ahn'drsh ov' thinoisviths itf m'on'kts auth bitoibu 'i hl hgis' b ie fiF in the W'aihed city, thmi tiegiuimminig auth thic ni'imnig These rockets amid h~ionihs art' hafiomeiiiade Iloint for thus Imunnise 'processiont inihi eio s9thdieus, They cist s tiM iertifle, hbnt fimmake a great mnoise; antI civlians AutM digfirltaie itt alt grades frmiterhy titok iOn tli'ta is coitihitet withitfiti pheitty of theimii Thi part Ekact tvMAehl atari hiss ii tittnhtry sitmit of its imist etirnmns~ hnrutesom is tiartiv'ittatd iin ut haiy own, and ott thitt sainfif dhay th in' wlurmhv' populace g ive naives AMt the pmoivrer mkimestrtes tt takes place, it' thmermiselves over, uhi vii sll thur grv'at htolidtays tnt the I remiemiuhier rightly, ihuiriuig hhvy We6, auth is a hug 'hiumrhu, to Tuumumin' eoi'kiighitinig 1treen'siouts itifir Ar solemnihty. Mver 6om rahWkimi in thun provesoim s'orks, a thue stile relief frtim a tot of threary toil rotted Iin his gravu1ochotte ~Ttim garmenit isa Inig Ini Spaistih tMen's the iatien' hon'ln prolnug huis hitnisVe M gra r isi wth A tititlanh h fif atniMOs' ti tINm fieta firom Sunriha toV Sunihayi whenev' tie A'tnht. groiiul. Th'ie et1h'tisvr stange, afidi s thienits'i "Ahmiostg all the hPrnin'tssiUMi, wrrites 'i'than'e6 Cfi 'u n' o tey NRetva eunintaially tlm'eiritrt,'auaMra imin iii thur Omentuir Mkagma;ie "tooik phae at nfight, Manire dv thea. Oor pied nhisbi It mtay smarm ver 7 8 T H E~~~~~~M PIUTJJESQUE PHIIPPINES MOOngs t4hat graedce arc providul beto frs th' liippines was. opened With an address bs Captain a neds;but in Manila they arc consiaderd a pnmsfi teera BIlAnso bi nt th hY kngo SPAin Ic ic~h~lij itftrah Pm mimanteamg r i xii in into (oi a' laloo) t f i so Iat oin ot6init if a ax (iof n, pur cAT nt C a.ig'v'ii iJAll noi'tlof a Ma nitla to Autipol; 6A foemem or fiar MAamEa AND DRAAmeAs RAILWAY T yamrm tahifflipillf, tiim a huilat vamartaiata amWidtth mAsWr At thes Hitda The raid harkapeail hay iaf 6iva tap ya ilSU131 I BAY MINDORO AND PAL AWAN O i T idiFeti C'oast iiof Lfikon, AbMAmit ti Mrtyi nitles Spais goerimmienit had Planned to place its hirimicisla t WMtnIDl is ib'ghbay hmiprtd fidi tnhd vifir'i mal othi E'at Alr dy a r'tt dil ii iyfimmi ewe, yl El glus18 a ihlo va noney mb'nxmmdmmm uliigev "thlis is drcilerilly th etlarbmir inth Phihipmeimm umeiwr oeAeita' maial ihu de~ndmI frsmim ttam' by wter ar laiati hefeh- suh ie the &iartirint thit' iage o ilongpo ts'giealy commmnandsManila It is i at Siigtam ~ e Mnla"IeeItw' firstfBi sought tCeSanish fleet SUIJI BAY, MINOIOM AND PALAWA 11s s~nuth at M~ithie Is M largi andI thinly Psi6 vnymlsdrrly fed ighIan 6I ni lie Iiirt jithanes timated area in the santei iundeed6ped ~nftkidimit exeept at reclimsi l~imitt oni the roagst as it sems three limniidied yeatrs gitxo For lime mimisit hurtit iamfittitanmritt timd reverd Wirit tietis forests, it m~~hidititl inl tMore lee 6Iirs 4r 11s roast Wteh tearelhes, Atti Is rotisiderel very ttfittraltlltfmiL Tamild 9rt tirmneitsi mimmirk time eMamst WIvitle saglmasy se~ttsitre tlimimtightot tim ititerimir is a 1ur tylpe mif Mmtltt sjmeakiig ~ limt- Fievm) Tkdimieitrt tTATmIt or IUairit Sfares SteRaM Casies NMtAJ Ampsmna guage sitd lisifi tM ai ittisoratlek itimimtier fimpiim WIvita they mire amble tIn ruise by Time fete Simatisib settl efitemitsmirtor miii lime Measei tMe rimiest mif tkignitiltire Abfittgl Oitrdttets stikt as timd the itmirfiter slitters, C'him tImlef ettal, jiri ratthandst testimis imiihke sip fitimit miWiE feeepri. mt thi n'*kjifi f fitItter liv stemmit it is fititit-se itdsw le 'lie stget-fiaitin gemite ahinoditkitly all tiger tim Istitiid Mmfifii himmii it is eremitm with a pmmimmlatlumi iteal ant sftmg 1i-tlir ffitrimi the saift mi life for time Weildmi 00 iittit 'Ci tifithemiereliiis a feweo iE liei~lnrmd intalmnif triihtes, etitteertmg teimitii very little' is linemwiv fittmites ini NIimdimiir' sheliieimrismtmlmmr'miir ONE 01' nFem MNA "MII NA I ir m a M Le AVI Tom A NOi OAft 116 TH~~~~~~E PITRS EPILIPINE and ver tine. ome angr plnato ia aon the the Miaami Ane lead ia the coletig fedbl brdf coaac were once highly proifitable, deaptite droughta ineata for the export trade with china. In MAniau h inpoip dtresaiapvila that Minduro ia Long and slederlb atretelca Wild and ionexplored ichifti nfine Iad nano a affiidbr it roo~ididai 6 Ild Palaaan (of Ia guat) hnttfing inil th AM in a npon for gold ro jAbingj and AlIfI a incs it ItAd Ioanfta thd c at If a inhlia dl by avang M lay triblk 8and Phorn. A lw y ara a o1h tb ip Riihafci Pharoa a a cini iaa lilh thiVI hybrids a id along th ahoc a fIn a Niffn~dtnc MIIasilanats f wiga Cc k Ia o la H AIA tiac snait ad a bily the I t athis Mbros. A n~ftral wcait Coaat, aad Captaila JoY, tiac anaiec, and hlia crer naosaaataiaa rangeV extenids its wianle length. On eitlaer were olaliged to ecoaag ta ths ANNEt siede to get faassage aide are ten or a aoseta slaaaal Spanish towisa, this nanat tor ~lnla iviaag for aeventeen days oaa scud fruits asaid iaaalaactanthsiaagbi Paaerts Priaacesaa a Peaini ettlenacaic, sibanta In crossing a maoaanthiaI ran1ge they earns aat schasce thas coasiails Wcece hut to work sanil theaurroosoP asne Phase Clapia great ledges ofi oaatscoppaaa ouing sgretaaleg. MIaing aadsaaacaage of thasfline bassthousasaifdi of tons of it bilaoeaa off asad lying At she lawc the Susai~nlasaraha hiecs tiosatretd as giraall naval 1A U i I sa VieW asS NaM5atsa-ahe BATTE5Y 5ON Too5 beveva, MxONA staaaavtg tasasb-ha-tas esfiisat, sau Aaea'lvaaai seatry receivialmng aitrvtm fesan Sav dvickOfra the gusti foot. taf thus thu'. Nus soosser. uvuss 5155n divscoverys repore ltiaa urasis slhu iss oailrsa s asisaaia thias thu uAihd regiuss svs et sisasi use ut s goveffRiisateas Mhiffeir srhsrN alvuuuassyoe a ar pirates. reicruliatshaulit sno steps users siger usahusi isa deeehaui S 8o d gruh sass kighoru a Forenisasia tualu thIs Antonr si afougstt Sts thIusassa d a Asashesfban away. hess. 'I b C usaa artcesAi susas sus tasurallybu ahuursaslasal MIla Clalua jsasusisimigap ofislsAW&d sosaillawest of faa aitlaisi hess thaisa thidAMRu' auaili:ar uand thuere ihaonal Ifia-itlaur, faurasd w ItI list Cayai Mivlauls isaia that sara luu5555aI lasali sasaa'havt Off''uaal saa'efaCo l aavigatout i urtira hat Auf alassaa a huan]si hsros'iaaa hasi raspiealh'thi'hilursiniaitiahyuihs. hs its capufitl" at Tititai asi l Iiasvau la'ss settle titana ilaia luruatlauf' CANr little. I isva' lCAss seisW it. I e ither Mifaindusr or haia't i thasy fitu' hailly tand tua'auhs, wou'u; Withs ltaseast anal Rahk'd itsruuii fit" Exaggerand girtabsuit uvitli~ refit u uuis Ti'lriuiui atididAs VTa Pusan's tilgslaslarat ue to thasfis Masiaisake. atsha' autiChiatry Aiaaulsa tat relsurtini Isat issAnyIahssugttolyitfm SLJIIG BAY, MINDOIO AND PALA WAN fir $pagini "Fiv bays and ten anchoraiges on the west The priedominfant trib north of the Morn end of coasgt" had been dwelt upon, especial stress beinig laid the Island is spo~ken of as the Tageannas, who a.re on hifalapAyi sound,; concerning which a burauin unaidulj~tertd Malaya slowly yieldfing to the impress chief tesifieid befoe the Amtferican Peace Comisffil of civihieation A curdiou halflbreed raethe Tagw,sioners: "This presenits one of the most Valuable lmanas,; catch fish by throwing a certain poison into sites for a niaval sation ti f any harbor of whichi I hare shallow water, causingp themn to rise to the surface, lutowledge. In tins nggpcrt it is sufficiently valuable where they arc eailly tiiake 4Eerywhere fta in the to excite the cupidity of atiy iiati~on It is sIineteenf iftiitrior the twophe sigeem wrtchedly poor," wrote the miles6 deep, 'aiths a *a ihl of froiii twoe to four miles, naiiralhist (I6g 'hesiriesoil who Agisitei sinitheru PaIL the entrance six tentlh" of A tWild eiile iiiid hticicee awan iii 189tt "Theirh liatatioiis teere the worst bold iind high headhanib The iiiterior smuiil is h6ovel I hail gccciiin Mei Far Fast These aborig-~ siirriiiindd by luglilamis ig well woildd arid aihinid ilies hamd iii setil~ imi lac of lhaste They soinmm nit ahbisdai oiiil66 0te Wafer i, ail it is thre best Plied I iiiis throw a Ii t together, cult irate a tiny pint of MIN.~~~~ A tRcEAM00 PmAJI~eier Ns'rAA MANILA Thc eats fretaired catera the chdamp at bigabicsa hcys already tltipscd ct tUste vcgccldits tc the gurstao fo enr ssltiss nil the wfrcsirld eesst I'PtM Malanspusiyn grosutt it fu s~i yar tlss'i insist on. The incefoi'ity slie i'ihtis's ittii thu' ils' sNeesl himd Nitec ags'reedh tiys ra lr abot Tiggse chorigines iust Itt' it fsir t iro mfiles, whufeni' aguisih l'sitiojathu lssidhs ts vei'v he'cr t Its hottfisuc it thf elisoiin sculie I have tMe beastern shsisre dlistcntsiiily tsrs isiils' tadiirhc. to wstehesh athis'ii sls'spiu crni itc'a ihiia this rsesps'ct it is hiks btgsi ay, fuither assuhu.a wbhuih isthfis'niysctlc v' nw nlti'rttytiis is Said to Its three fiiiihi' frisiiu this casterin slusire, With ibneve still, leers' ahry f~he iru ari trets'Iing aid sigsod riisis the cmutii' distance. i Behsii tcs sit the least s'stser iis flnt thu eljngh they were on thteir' Os'ati'~i'i aiish esten shies lit Palawvan sire mhish ir'o fs's't widisi' wike, ready tic flee. A iniysterisiti htestiheig less frued criti shiiahs rocks ansi islets, mcakin Iscimysacl hifiimfiuai ys't Fin cunharsi with nmavigation crith the hiresent ehiarts uhatgernsibi i their Itsis iiatir, oumst afid otruswstthuy sfi pflaces, 1tcrticuhcrhy dom the 'a'et slheiur Thle Phuihipe the Moms, they apihear tsi dii no wiirk at sill When pine jislcids are aol 61 w fellsrvyed, and it 1 iisnkndown they are not ~rohlibing inhamud naivesfi they pastme ~d angr that saptne fear the ifuost." timmie iii haonight for] the goodi old days fen Mhey Ice Orang Laut (Men of thei SI)c; niled the Waters canMW crawl-inth sonop the jam the bed, cine's shfirt fa and near. The piratica spirit survve in vigor, on the table-anid a spce more vehnonilotig never MAt Marnas Mc base of operationsa the settle- noneelM e rmMsiastec erby meeit~ comp rised two hou ses occupied by Ch.inamen, Scarcely an incdh of their~ bodies escapesd, and the. and a stockade less than a Ihundretd yards square, wounifds, if robbed, suppurateidd like small-pox. To cohainifng~ h it for lbe Moatc in connand; ons for rown 11l Ii rnfgas is notorious for a special kind of lb avisoni If tibbty sold1 rs andI nifidtrm for lbe f v r of virulen Iji elsa cc r Italf lbe garrison were stores, At each corner u f the stockade rose a g rass- down while I scas there, and their commander wasi thatcfhed wath-towfer, occupied night and day by hardly eve sceLl TICe Chinamen were engaged in sentries,~ w'ith loadedt rifles, lest the Momes should thle dammarni trade, whichi Is carried ono in a rallier attempt,adisurprise MC Ther wassarcelyl any food to pecuiliar scanner.l The Suiltan will not allowv the be bad for loe or money, Mosqifitoes swartmed As hi interior naitives to sell their resin In the Gelestials think tlseyA1 donuesher else on earth One nmorning dirc6t; they most dispose of it to the Mores Wise I cofisisted thirteen 'alligahirs niarisiig in A troop siwell on the coast, and thcse do the trading with thin Malon the beadsi towarui the moutih cf A small rvicer Clhinasoenf O1f course, the poor* natives are Planndcresl Asit mimllions of thmesmm were everyrhuere that Ass Asm shmasmffsmlhyz" Ii cl rCfi hilcrd to thist I do6 eby Tic N w CAi5 ALE At OriLs Till VISsAXAS:~ PANAY AND ILOILO '17 ' lil UNollecive immmm for tlime sssshsnriams cemitral t ion ethblnssmi thodMA fsictories ace mitwe smearly cii t6 T isamdid yimjigbtieesmd smmsmtmhmet Lacici mmmd Mmn- uste Iliac in Emion, Ansd in cosmseiuhmmei time Visayan anhsms isAtMe isysms (tsir timir aireis see jage It2) IIensgarsesire iii helter slfefissnl -smrai etmre Mmisseca sae they mcissA5fld o mmsI cmii he usthicial Wsikivard, ship large qmmammities sif excellent Mammihis "tmvcrfi"MIiit of thmc Xmsiy am givens Onp nge 2 1, limffit semip ancsihy to Majmmia tioigim somel of it guses to the Aalsi time' Ilosiloi isamd is scn i Idghashmate. Especially port of Cclbiii hcincsn aht a sIneihorisprA u r lamy Ngusand ('uo islamhids,U wh Ihlnng small Islnssmpr ag msd fctlasl toete producetime iAjo ut ofel the ahih~ipp fise Imeydsoeiftirpdus s mm itatsgtmri svcgar crop, marke~~~~hn~ ita oim tiescsdfot Mmila. MasiAte is peesshiry IFvell~ ot fn od liar'tu ccrce in mearcipeago ee tie lana- ors Th taloayponslablatanytim Is gam il n 'e 4'abiIn CA fid luto a he to~~~~~~~gtB~- ra~1~[(j ~]~~ii~ ~~( t~~~ti,~ k~~r pass over the movr nofrhe. Vraniy buJt rhi pis Vieayan bea+ as ason as the southwest monsoon t give lss trhoght to typhoons ithan nh south iy inonsoons, which somnetimes blow with great force, as hich the outlooks gae warnig to the -neig ri many a seasick passenger on the provtinclal steaues districts oft tbe farauders' approaeh. But this sort eould testify Tbhe Visayas have i(or hadt cable eoni- of tiing ae to an d soon ater 18 th Spnish mnnieationi with Manla, and would enjoy others ad gunboats; aided to soe extent by the British, pumsibnot bthe able-steaier Hooker bee wrecked in tie in the Pirates seere dand then fhe authorities sunmner of 1899 at the entrance to Manila hay keepping thm down (and th e Uiited States baa tThese central islands a d ly by he fllow uit) throng a moneyed arrangeVisayas a bIraneli of thme Malay stork coguinte with inent with His ighimess thlei ituan of Sudi tiie Tagal, Wshichl It probably outiumuiers. Th'e Via- Well ui lier etlnivation, thl islaid of Pnay ma no iiaeterizing lm ias mer e al adn h t ad t no sr its Ixcept wons s ild tribes of interior Negros they hice surfac is much biskems by umommtain ril running NAlo v F maasos STE PAM varm Abovm SAS Mt" MAJOEA The are ahsat to let a lage square hat downts the wae "a wil It Wia rude rane all been C o d andare di and aly in all di ti and fdig with tir sings in aged During the last fiy years of Spanish rol they sneahle small streams that form important fators in took no part in th inurri save in Cb in the ga fertility of the ild S is the rodt of f111e! l l1896 aind then through the influen of Tagl emnis chiefly raisd, With condable amou nt of tao saries, who accomplished litt except to provokek a abaca (Manila hemp), rice and maize, and somepwhatndi d trutimive bombardmifent of the to of Cohn from of obtton, cacao and peper Cattle-raiing ls h corn or a measure of rice in the house and a bit of a in i of w it is dried fishfor dessert on the floo, sokes than a home indutry), as to give them crdi his cigarettel thrinsh hist guit awr 'Composes exltem promine n & i pot Panay suppotsn.a popporary song on current events: Hi wf doe the uation of abhou in hott( nking an brngs the' twa, 'r.isWhe th 'ro iso I'io with a et olt o. n '' give out it Will he soon enough to look for more." Ul Oftltlttinhbitants, dates its importance firoI the X '''' ' '9 9 ~ii 9-X9 1', ''1...................... 231..2.i ~ f.~~~ 9 -............9 1.m99gg.I, 93 3S,.:A S. ElS'~~~~~~~~~~~~il''~'lll-9''''+i'11l '~..............................,wj49 ~~z~lil.......................................-ll 120 TH~JE PICUMESQUE PHILIPINE lowswampy f kation thergight hanks of the ittie IlWild Ina tthoulying towni in akilway pio tr It nd wl a sand promontory extendig beyond scale in sight from io Hit ia tEhe it of ai defeahove fo~rt, With deep wante close fuinnel, so that 11oilo has the iunspeakahle comrfotif lay The, tter classlofihouses d areW built With ont of coshi otaff hrs.iI cie Manute is decidedly ordi wooden1 posts riseaing to the Root, stone wall9 earn d fsiWar bl than lanila sbht the f et that thei sp ing to the living-iloor, aud sheet-ironi rofs.fi The naltie tids cover the whole town With watei isa nin dwelligsare the osana style of nipa huts A long drawback. The searlity of drinking-water is obiviatnlt line of "godowhis" (warehouses) abuattin upon the by bringing it across firom Unianaras is ftank boaits wharves gives evideince of the large expotintig trade.t 1 y steaniing Iilo is11 c alled three hundredfi and fittyL Besides miderhants and connuission merc6hants, sugar live miles fromh Malifla, Trie meanspi of ronfiimnnied de&alr and usniey-lnders, the Inisinessg direcoriy of thion with the interior Are wr~ethedly poorw Dnifingi 1ndo o1 i isfin a,vfi rd a ir msI dhe i 'm t phoitro thb rat y season the 6as otry roh~ hIarpats ittihly ra I ri plsysifidws diivt rio rm r surged 00$ ob it e snip alsdn a is tjinl is everyw Icre in th It tahrmosic~-teachergsaini contractors, ln'ick ansi pines, seriously retard the development of agris ul pottery fiiiaiifaetuefrs, earriage-imbildbt lersliaut-sakers, tiny and eminiieree Thei nspsiloiis native towns s1t triiisiigian factrrs tailors, traovay Andi srieaii.laro and Al~ ar respecf~jwtively two and one half aiid shaip] owners, aiid a brancah lnink. The toarsisntfereud fssnr milesi froii Miloelo with aviich, lust for the die — severely frome the tire 'ofleriaryIft, iliil it9; t the turbed coindition of A ffiairs, the former wonld ere now~ Aynierieaii useesptaitesi, lusft the cathiedral ansd seuslinry hlave been enmiieted by the electri tram~way, fossep d; as Ann o nine of the puablic buildfings. Thiere 1btb A o~neession, a obtaso dbi in 1899 cIn tla s ve siff foreigi ~cnsniaoiti s~ here.t ioto us lis tbe on. tizo- blo e s dlene of lii The high Woodled isaiIsgiisrs coste ilinasn fteivr elha lo a numbeor of narrowr strsit, Isesides aftifnieg the balsabr a first-cass 1ishioters owiiing sugar estates in Nioegr osbt Isrifer-' hfirotetfiot~il agait tli he oUlhest msisoiotsssat givi- ring to reside velser it is issre secuvre snd healthflei ca s a 5~~~~ Cuarcao~, semiettoa oc0 AsaIs wMIAxn Ctrv Oive this stretchat gcaaad Jti Asiecfica Os trsp aidvances ta take Manilat Augist 1I, 11198 NEGROS, CEBL, LIY'1E AND SAMAR N i1118' of t gis ita ra ilo o,ss ii 'iIri itrose'u o -ssnlsess intepotctn o tgri esss pass ers, In I Sill a ebatage tisok Ilaceg which Wvag follows'd eonsiderahhe~ cofe is raised, lp ha Algout ~1831 tsy sither lsasiges as soait as the hiii'atkial raids of thsu Negrosremaind as it kURoswna Ifinslansoi is stoat' Morsus s'old be essnntkervaisd or st opped uniiti non', andchieflypassdas rfueadiisgpac o ntit otreako ig crmnlad rh pr ionents tt.isla e wl ne oto r~ 64 HIR eye~;1~' ~x~6~~ NEGRfOS; CEIJU, LEYTE AND SAMARI Uli1go fot still coerd the if r~ Wall though the inth Jisand o UChn which big scarcelyk halfth hill-menl 'save nevrdba hee igsuhded, these unsophis exten of ANilengro the or'igina forests have nearly all eated savages make little or no troable wheni left benk ct AWAY, anid there is little arif alaned not alone. HOW the Spanish genitry handled thoen was unuder cufltfivaion Suigar is the lifirdincip crop, ithaca shownl whoen a Castilian friend accoimpaniedbi Pridosor and inisia coining next. Jelsn has no vlcanofies~ and' Worcester intoi the mifoutaifiis taking a hinting-piece thes ficomitinii ranges are mostely low, The coakistsar along, to prat tomme shot, lie said, iiito the hirst oane he high, the' rivers Of shimill iipfifiptace Gold amid heath caime across, for the funr Of sceimig Mhijii u! have hecimt fondl in the ishamtd in somlfil quanvfiities, 'T'hie capital of Negros was Originally located At tutu Wobie itetroilein-fieuhsare knownf ty exist, they Jhimmuiatnahai, hut the govefm' norhvinig heen imitrulered, rentaimsf unfdevelopedL A cariboifeenmns formathion fin 1841, in tin uprising cafised bmy Arbuitrary hinupress- xtemmds over the greater part mt the ta ilamidl ind at A Mocta for niudhubjildicth fausl for piniVat Oftttrprises, gre'ut nutty 1iami uia nicruippitiga have been usworkeul XV~ Wamosica Squmisi)(i tumass lata Leassa There is ver lit In m miseryif is nth Philipopaiac thet asiveria diepieadi eaneeag haaed tahoe bis issucesso c1hanged it Iii hiacuuid, em tine nothfvmsit nnathy *in a sonahllk way; h ft tite codshb has inomre hieco euiast opposite Iloilun. 'tise tifwi, he hemi~ircul ani fa t'tesmd hier thnnn Amaah'euhcintit liihiis s6i'vty-i ruesiles fromn Alauiin Witihi ti;3tt0 inuisahs What is foisnul is ain ptety liguits uif sunpu'iur quaflity., itants, has ammo goied jisshsit' binofilhing annul fuse pm ivateb yet conftainig scarcely twit third tim e ct i residences, hat in the hiarioir thin' Weatr i96shaim hnuslo eurhiuno mhst true chiah ulos 'Pine diacuivery if coal in that large vessel mmx hime toignmm'r u'vu'rthuimsg At half 06fiho date frots 1822.l Time goxermumuineu attgachscu so a snubo fromd sitore Sousa' tweeny-hiec issues adinutlnest Tnmnuhin hunhuirame ten it as to dicurne a monumptiiy of Ilacudoul, in thme unsiutt nsf ahssnistf fi nineneraief feir- whimih, houei'vR, was soon ahumnlotnm'ul.b Wfhets tIne esats, tower ils thu vocau u laashusa, nine mi h great inutywstuov pnt l outrsca-nnig lanidmarks of the cemutral ~fhiilippmc.i ssaid tin hieranne the rage an one Ori tiu ceu iptinepmd still] continuailly pgron amuilnule A ~In tinemuusnatuinsi tlarge afknmuatut uof mone o Water eon'ession;bu h eseiyi nte onnthmule amid Weild hog hiound.f aUbsefice of ~roads afin ~ld t iiin e eesity of imnvsin lag 122 TE PCTURESQUE PHILIPPINES san isn railways i order to compete with Australan Vsayas" though i h 1 the admiinistration of Visaya rfevand panese coal sona haused a reaction, and m enue was removed to Manila as far back as 1840. It of the worings were abandoned. Nevertheless, ti is the Mecca of all devout Filipinos, for the cathedral peaceful tinimr Cohn ships thousands of tons of its contains a shrine of the Most o]ly Child of Ceoh, excellent lignite to Manila annually, and near the an image of the THfant Jesus which is the most sacred town of Cebh a little coal railroad has been almost of Philippine statues, and tradition says was found on completed. the shore of this island by a soldier hundreds of years The town just mentioned. having a population ago. It is of ebony and only fifteen inches high, but approxiiating (with its suburbs) 40,000t and situated it i enered with silver trinkets and other offerings. four hundred and sixty mles 1from Manila is the The iatronal fiesta occurs on the twentieth of Jancapital. It marks the site of hie first Spanish settle- uiary, when the otl6iial honors of a feld-tmarshal were nment in the Phlippimes, is the seat of a uSh biSpr forimrly reiered the saerd pl resene lines of Tar Fira DecorArmor DA ma MANoILA lAY 30, 18 Tme cemetery where thei Amieae seldier lary thi dead hsitat e the hig greamd ising the city and liar a tine cahedral 0ad svral chure It is troops drawn up for review, and when its devotes, 11 d the init thronged the from nd of away The port war opened to foreign trade in 1842, the first The islet of Mactan, elor by, cmiriri of an old im tie archipelago After Manila, to which it ranks coral reef eih or ten feet shro sea-l At the at a a r In gr exp it comes northern edge tands an nit dilidtd v thr or t ft. Th i oai of the he greater part of the iland is d with a town coume almost to the wats egleanAnd With the growth of haquali mangrove, the rest with cocoanu t ch sare mef t _offa-i vi e a On it west at Magellan was killed ship in thel Eha ilrbo a ainst the da&r green moummitains amid time cirnisa taucer mientiod omi pg 9aig in t11 batckgron dfi t Ceh in Spainih itiu was thed Ieye and SmE o ar are so nudch out of the1 wy of rdnt of ad niatin foar the ioement of the Philippine tourists threy om ld be almost "nown JiI ~;;0~tk~i~E~~~I ~~~ ~~~~a c~~~~ i~ ~ S(ULU PEARL-FISH5:M THE MOROS 123 4wer it not for their large ahimetsiii of hexop-~aup- archfibipago. of little high and richly wooderd jalainda, p1 nti ot d with agar eoc ahn t And A few other with ip A hota and cropa of Ab ca vearyiovhi ~ 1 priududta-eli ety to hob hot iii lart to Maniila. vidun ic. ladubaloa is knowh in the interw-ddand 'in the Filipino-mAer~ica war they were scarcely trade As qufite a hempii port, And in front of many heard f.6 Botih ielasds are osoontainoos, w;Aith high, honece the white tiber doriog moiat of thme Year, can,steels coasts in misos Ipleces dangeiroos of approahch. be seem heissgisig mmm homng limnes ins liaise, or ro-pe, to dry. Thme capital of Leyte is T66acloban on the northeastrn its PplsomsAtimmm egligtly~ exceeds that of Ta16clban, and its ditauc& ftrom Manila h he seen i. Sassier i vitm.i~ yearhy wills scv6statiog tornadoes, and neitherx it m~io Leyte hbsa sisy roads toj speak of. iii beols of these islanmia, lent especially in Samnrij tme high mnounatains And the thick fisra~ts sf the initerior selcter varimous savage tribes unisitediia as yct bsy whites. What is beliceu is tole the largest existingt species of thme eagle ass English naturalist discovered, in it Ives shoer tme leve of the baoundless forests amid is said to feead upon Moss ~CaisseNr$a IN5 MiIJ~iANAss frosnt sixteen tim twenty The Mare is are fettsel M6hissimedifss whe defied the Siasisli pawer jona hl h vr coast, by steasser three husmidred and thirty-eight miles age weight of a gumlden eagle, the typ of its s#pecieso frmom MAnfila. It conitains aI populantioni of about 6,1100. is hut twelve. Mursr punwerful than even thehay -A s mmmb r of hemap storehouses line th waet front eagle it has d6l0 and x-traordiini 1iy foritdable mmmd os Isal h6 ever-pr ant Chinese Aar thme ental bb k And I munnudons ia vs. The asnleg specimnthe Iig res of the omenn real pInertf the comniunity. naturalist obtadinad was disabble y buckshtite ernt Ta lobant no 11 east to Catbalogifi th cap- seck; and wA take iiown With exltrsm diffcut tAM of $ if r~ the steameri passes asimid a conitinno mag fromh the tr e to as ids it lng; by native hunter. SULU PEARL-FSHERIES: THlE MOROS THE plesaint naivigationi of thme Siun se ainy Sultan of Shin, who is the lord panramumst of the T serve to snake it a favrnite tstge,~ perhapsg in the Mohammefidani trihes -in genebral throughout the south trips of the comning equatorial stea~msip line6 that em Philippines& swill be schedfuled, as soon as the Nicaragua canal is The decline of the pearl- herie f eAylon and the1 ffifnishd, to circimnfinvigate the glohe i eight days; Persian gulf led to a grea di velop neft of those in amad personally condo tiad partiea in loes heat may the Austr Vian and SVi ho tewa;r thou I the English eveme have6 A day's cxcirsilon throwni n for 4ea glmpse of Coinpnies 6pemally hutercsted; like the American thme jmearl-Iishrcs,& This is onec of the extremeljy few nonopoly handling this sealing husismess of Alaska, Bliondsries to which that unsedakadble loafer, the WMro have carefuilly avofidd taking the public tinto their is willinig to torn his hand, and as A divrr hel ranks ionfidence. A greatf London je6welry firm is said to with the heat of the (1eylonese, who stay> under water contronl this lifne of enterprise in thI a at n firom twoi to three misiinfitsc All pearls absove a ce'r- to direct the anniual cruiseso of at few dozentasmall or fain! size supposedly Went, till vyery recently, to the modeikrate-ized selsooners engaged in ItC These vessels 124 TH PCTURESQUE PHIIPPNE have Eutoean oifflicers anid supereargoes, hut the The Moros of these parti were so calld by the divers 6piloy jd Are All oaifvnk s xri pt f w whiti Spanifirds froim t &r h Uing of 1ht anJ fidth As the pro981fsionas traified to the o of divfing-ap1pratos. foor t o6 ain iit iMMi isdd dIdly 6nemnies i The Moron diver's Aehdsfd arei eftremely siroiple le the om l anO dhd Occasionally a writer cAll Ilsni st-rips off his clot1hing, provides hiffself with a knif Snins, Tradfition has it their converioni to Mohasm,-~ and nest bag, tiesg a stone6 to his feel, drasi~ a deep inedaisni date h ack eight hundred yelars, when theiy breath,~ and overboarid hed goes. He is let downi rap- dwe~lt in Borneoi and was literaflly At Osm khands —ime idly~ by a ropd In t~mho bitonii~ fifidly fromi inirly I Ko -ii ini on Iband I a cor Id fi6 t c-f~iy in ty f cv them gh pos ibfly it is dui I at.d Work misii onaries dir ifo fin Aiaibi 1 crismff II Phidb ing hilas fksit~ h6 cnt5 Is ib 9119 ro~if thei rock if ioo ws a s I Ii, i ins mii lu S1 ifI ird idj aWithn isih p itg Ih en ili hs ls t isg ig iv6 fliO j chps th y fh lit hut for fii ha I m ha6 in edc onif s igi u1 pul aii IWith Nis aiiiM 6ci rraire is XA isuld W 5p0& nis coIejct M691em race Thee ci dawm ap lions slig ibi n (issi illy attic ut cfipiidl, cenpi~ I tic Sn is r Ai,liig shei iMAni of The misiftrust beteisan time U..amy blsueW Ieiead tim light sejfsrisff casgtsn~yarainl WifIs the Var East is rasset isi Wtas 6t the atter these ies hasg heemin tilcsiss frismcid 1dhoiidl toallack, hleislhisn iiAt (if II ifdaisao, sMid1 away lii Ih lic ee so that gemkicaly lb~ie mioes inutmuh sisimmil hthseos Whesi hiahishssi asii asmithsdiw us ~lhwrimini; seisi irilligladisipmi thee scooner has Mifisimiei lwcisty lhssissaid shells, sill ehisrslifffi nmbirh it, thei l~iaipssl sif fi i Salu salmaii smore sAt less, it luimit in Is idsuice,; where Its damimp, is still virtualfly acknowledgilgi iii61 mtiIlir hier strong-snielliig iiccumiidfitb A5i5 ar lamifleilA amid sscd emit lamds, (f cissirse lucre usre gid~iodiisaftc Afsmibsis ont An the beads, for the eis Jito eisle~tn ileesiiprisihuium mimi cinjsh Iii rcmsisto leastg 6als datne (ctsief) tisiay, amid Edfieriit lime pearls to hEA eAsil dtihaid While wMlklith p s;di, or rists, in evey village, sAimi mimnierthey are tine pearls tisily iii siWAli pact, tIm nst bisemg sums chieils, who sire bighser digisitacies~ gusidinig the snothser-ofhusach sill hisive a ciemimoneial vusne Seich fadtihfisi in hulls temmupisnal And soifidirsa Andfaims is thse xmasmetinig nature iof time juchifhirer's occispa Dorimig tHeicstR periodl mf hEnruiscin occsalhisni the tion tha lee came hardly hmom Ofr nure6 tBiam a doacm dfisfimirmahig Isisiles were Jatmasmse, echo seovureh the or ifteedn YeArs of Ol ifafter he take s it up seas fhisam Siamis to Silseia, Ofsreyci oMsth Chinese Aid SULU PEARILPJSHEP!ES. THE MOROS 12S widely sadttered Mlf meayfiana and k pt cv orthinig foreig eaiihigii as~ swere acfiiked and c naptrd.~ agog with their alternate trading and fighting. Buft The Spaniards did nnt tamely Anhifnit to this statei of 6nne started in thea Philippine raiding business (as affairs, Expeiditioni after expedition was organized. they were in seeking revenge for Spanksh ninoAds Millions of dollars and t housands of lives were wastd. in Mindanio); the Moms in the seventeenth centurfy Temporary successes were gatindd hunt they resulted in made thlei foray the great event of the year. "With no pe~rhanent advanfttage. On several occasions land-.each recurrinig southwest mOni5OOf hordes of them ings were madei oni Subi itself forts built and garriiiiaom ed th ir var-pratt amad sailti noith; Ih r they sond 69talisigbed only to be driemn fruit the Islaud or sarrsd the eiasa ntIs mt he sloth if 0100too ns s a46c to a mean.t Not untfil the di of mahtid-fire arneod thsema to tMoro home. T moafau els of cadpto hey n s at d ighst-fidft a at -gssnboats were ths y hinally Were haen me.n were cOmIpellidl to bars Ot theti usn ma a nkil to lth a autbh wan ter s of Ise rAihifalago& Obiiipk for the henctit of their eahtors, and swore lthti I1~hos di this aOhsOVOnsent Spanish cuntrial mievero went. An ethe~lefit taitrol of gminhoat way egmtsighth dttl Asd thec Movre pr'ass were / n~ aearost Slaitasla gtavemso. IhTb y were A16 or uredr to thy the fignih ag Wheat4 pra w, Avt ema~untaster thast die asmt shots the tsig, tic tess not Prtvdf aiths a ptrmitff it tess rejinased usd cut is taco, tic samak Iby the firs tif ama' hattiey ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ganats N~it ttartec seas g~i ven. raoun haitt iat Is imatlanat, Ihsi n ha TAtIAtila tad ahata score tak it an fttctfi&il Maty Uftt Movei coast ing lixsgos stin ases islanals store' hurnedl amad also ifalsAhtfitasts dcih6t'si issland; and Miove titally arose a sin sf re Icties' *hlto sass hlarakst At imatorvals hay bottha 0tir ose j Prafessoi uees af'r isa that asaryMgps hElicit la44t'aa rorie Is a afi' sta 'sos sftit thte wvsomn, oaf stibasis tlasg itteos stf altaysia, aen 'eve'n stand of lays 1!tsefi soaas s'a ifttorohast at v staill Isotaha thcir tatna ag'inst tIo sawarmainag prauas of thsesa tairatd ) the MItays asrt sat very sixth blimLod YeI M6se Camervasa San Hdshfoaaaemt Noaravas MINDANAOt theoy potssess e'laarao~toristics entirely alistinotilvi' Them' tire tharee toi five hsmtole''aa ina'shs haatath vosit' a'tsas's atalohaalr't jstht' fasll'e' flsain tha Tasgals, attal, Wahit Wvitlh theis' werem' earrical aseay, that fasrissa tat osarieha thas serahitljss a trasining fa'aams ififait'ym sata thsair osasastaumt taractice of kMa6insAM9 cifs, hh haititor as e has harataghit sp As sl9Assi's. jts htseaitisag, ttsiri playsisas tlosolaatsiset is saftw Fairtsvt anal A talf M'INHtt'i' th&giscate' saf ath'irs dettn- satta't Is gsrasnats tat gauidy etaltars mitohaps show.titato. ssatalaiot'l ay taatisasshsatoesss~t Narss ly 'aassislera's-truasers skin-tiglit laalos flt' kinees noMats keng' coattijitsldta astenis A utn~ tat thac tlt'foaass'le arai tory Isasass shasava' slb~oov' vs't s~leedi withs many Miatives. Shfittaisisla taltt' aita gotveriniment tathbilgth laitttatss, a very gay yaht, ansI si fe sac fititsmmtloy were killa'd ur holsI fiar ransattat. Bimt the sldighat saf itarIneeidhsas a hiiAatresaltt sot saf osattlfrAtats with gloamthIm gram Mosalem warrioars seas tat fidsta6 Itfrisitrs HIsa eyes asasl share-lesil dit s n Aloax thes age uf if the Spanih I Itias anad frisars. tttstal sahstas ahsy sixtoneven'ary aprale go6 irat d Beside liath kria the ii played Ise 'bitfr 't Itatresh 9hislasial ractu hal d fav iiar wapoan 'a t ha lesag; stamn thaitg like ai as a~b~ n Ipolt la acre ahastat ds'tffiisasst'hM aV n e aslto or aes a r a illsW mioh i 't as Isildi0 pay to lop* 126 THE RicTU LIm ['IL INES otts head; aniarm ora6 sndtla i the irspri~ ak i vo are dierieiid x I i fun dll out Al oppoiient ti twoA A rigl id Ric k AM.Not Ii gh pulor epolall ertadgician woar evh tIe t ifinf ' coo \o M iiini alug inl cb a n tlt itn iig odic6 ehoWiiig rylii a~ot AM I l it n g 66ty line ~ xr-f;1~-rv~eJI ~z of~ and gory s1ip-dcI66 is p1 d 1 ight vlue on,hiiiiiai hot~ iid ar Iaihagy skirt wh~ Ii di sid d ai u a~"ax u~tr a IIVI I V is Md anIW JLII) LISCE tlfo To fy the edg 4li hii hoariigA More il c loiig pi ec i ionlsiide i drapery iworni iii a grat halve a slave without giving theile i iatcer a second variety of ways, fir even need as atcrotectiii t from thooghih Morn cefapons iiielidiiig a te 64ieohdled the slun. The children wear Ahout as fouch clothing sword And a light riiiiid hieruld, are all luouiie adeau as amiong thle Tagals —fo the iiost part iiothiuog. aiid their eattiiiig iiistrvnneiits, Wicodersof tinush aliic Most of their li tnc is spenti iii the watr~ Aiid thee' teucilcer, are soiitiiii inlAid erith ile o1r" cii "cliior i6 h suii aiid dive like dckgs; for tile faiiily lives in a 06ecasiifially A eniior clothes Icfiuselt ii chainii riioi csid& village, hoilt on posts fever the tide, rude Iii battle the Moro e is as jtearlss As lie is I rechero6a~ hndgs ecciiiietiiig it with the shore, anu praiis bceing iin everythfing For him ii crok is deg-aclat kifc the lcd tied bselow, ready at A m~owcfet's iictiee, The6 Spani4sh of slaves Yet, he is iiot ahlove heggiog liki a occ ii gonhoasif knocked lififendass of such villa1ges tic cices dircat Whleii the whlite nuaii has anicyilcog he' cvaotc evutti cc'aticess AicilclisatOhi, atic Jhccfe' liinicfiity. Is ftax rNs M s Cifrte or No lkka MN wsANA WITH WAsssueas; CAthbiass AD Sutavns MINDANAO AND THE SULUS T E kfgrea island of Minidanso, where, A rasmen of large volume. The last mentioned is lnavigalhle for T tioned on1 page 9), the first forisfid rites of sixty miles by biats of threet sod one half feet draft, Spianish sovereignty took place, is the least known aind andt flows through a wide valley, fetitle and beantifo leas settled of the Philippine arop eThe first set- The Agusa is naviale for only tweinty mlie tiementa shoot Sliri so at the nth rn extremity, Civilization simply fringes Mindanso. It is con.were the scefne of a bloody finsurrectioni in 1629, that fined to the Spanish towns scattered along the sealastd threes years The settling process extended coast and lower parts of various rivers, thesel towns slowly atothrer po0ints, hot complelte admrinhistrative6 being principally Inhabited hy~ VWiayn Andt other organizationi dates only from the decre of July 30ll emigrants from illands forther north Neither the IS got e ta Ii hi g thn (Government of Mu dan a and P gan nor Moro indigne eve isbniftt d to wesr' the AdjacentIis ldifd? (See pag 21.) The Interior the yorke of the Christian white nian, Of late year sa known to he la g1 ly o 'pi d hy I 61vted mooii the Spanish wars chitefly waged in thes coot tryaek fin chains hn whidlh oc or not d oh1 ano s;Mo mnt of ligan hay, were hollow' affairs gotte -p hy th Apo being nearly eleven thousand feet' highr The Governr-fienera for the sake of travos and decoralrivers are nonierous, aind some of themn sich As the tiousg to he gahined byiagnr or frdtless viuitoriea, Ago n~ Cagaysn and io Mraud do M daiiso, are or as a Ospeculaive fraud on the Madi gcvernment, MINDA40 A~ND TH SULUS 127 tbe Pickings recinsbifg annually troio $20UOOop mle long bul yGra aitaladwrmn u "Yboung boys from the north," wrote Stevens in his. did not locate it. Miniddanaos exports of sugar, cacao, usual li-vely way, "have been drafte6d into ntv re abaca, imdigo,; 6t; hoave iuchl incrased w fitbr db imcints to go mm this fatal errand. The prisonrs of past twenty years, and a furtfler great deve6plopmet Manila have been emptfiied, sod thse convicts, armed of produc~thio will occur as souln as the initerior can with bolos Imave followed their momsre rigltbmis brcth lie Olsenmvl mmp. A large tlimbler trade is aimtthe Hrpie teo to the frmsmmt. Welhtraiiines native troops IMOv in tse' cosmming outlook, the mimsoemms forests yielding gone there. plaulIm trools haV kie.~sm otlm scm linae a spleamsid -variety of Is rd wovmmIsg a I d biy a mmmabogtrme sit; ho~t no &olnI. i in mh srmmmiu ot 5)ome amny of issh Ri&Z This hisnd mise lomok h as the Morn strssaghold, a eslmein minile~s finlad, t~me onvicts 66emmter min si tRad iii smllmvial gslsi, sWhile spsecimuens osf gold4sarifiig quartz, etimi ] have~ bmswm reeseatesldly f~insinintl ais1her f ~grmsses, siw tlson sahn fetshnoesalvel inetals fr~innm t smi ainnd inine schmil a siingle lmiwer insfien sceiglis, smi it is stind, frasinsi ilteeo liiunnsto tweintytino lirinfiniiinn Ver-y estiniriiitssa tId e iI Isige of the if ndIy~g Utlnuiiti'is Itlibe inr inmilasnd; thirty tmi lilly fa&ist Aa~ th - grmsminl, inp 1mm tim fdrks of trees, the rijslinbettin g to ine opine hinsiasareinby tI e hr milIsininitising lsagsmibibi in st mt simlibti) traosi the oilier' a ~~~~infistrims Smmstmistm l~inaasli uls set thbese AerialaWinmdm on fist mricli their sum hins arowm or againm a trees keelinisig their shilelin hMmilke omin& hias eu5 away this birmamiing lainmsts Aindm cae-ln Smsasiins FRMmmn Tap Teves eOF CiAi60nea MnUniinAa va M.AsIA BA liii 5 5hsi minfieiimae Whoi are Spettting sait a mmsmage ts th~e msaittse Iseaitmemutwi aver intiettersayftg t'itistma ttmes sifimiciiuaily dinleslinsesl oftIme Int thme fromst rstik~ were emit Iin it irsins mintm tme wcomeni ammsh esihlresni etirrel mini ems 'l s ihifiii rtafsee. If tMc erAffteil mmitlis seem e stinliftereml, Iin iMOlisN' lesaimigf imit A i /alsdsmifgmm I1mm the tHere Werme immure ast hirinmse If fsi~tic6e 5rsmsps fAilein to estrefissesmnirhiwest IIsceig 6pemieml Imi Adl uitious At carry the charge, tIrtsigs lwgsin tmi Immis Adrriomi If lhoIme t he as Itime sin Ils6116s himt e'stortirmnase hmarlior dinise Spansiisli emmipnisimis screb fiusiee~d, ii mess thiosmsi theew graslsimily inlriss finireigin Irsole. aW's ITle lmarlbir has Nex tin Slmmuinishi list mimic t1fiermnsai set1 riy 1mhin - an Isinnng plt t lie doinefemse IsIt hsy thi $06faiiadl r dhinssnao, 6 S omeif thmis f iinsais Oa hesre ksmmsrmm tin hmmic stromig, samsd finsdm' cmeimre lmrossrinvsmm rfinile Zaiflshoanga 4mmmsggled in iltivsrmis AMimh mmsmmififinmiitisn, mehmich the smisy i ye dtlmvinme 6 lhslae of Ifminslmot[Oaintesminapot of 4asinthorits scere mhmmin ecerythin~sg psmcinilinl to keel tAme call fEin teassiders tin Asfinsrlim Th'e toscoI covers isfosin from gettinig. A GIlerininain ui'scssainer latel may qNMars amid it is swell kept# anl clean. Thes slisink of a oarroimv-g# ag inihiiar railway, twenty-sin IPrimncipial seat of the semmlitees Jesmit Mamilsisssi 1i28 THE PICTU1ESQUE PHILIPPINES fif the gjthbiht; at fsabrr6hif iig mn, 01a 41 f At thifr 11101ii tie jisith 31 i bjing attir to ield ciuaere di or ihofiigot wh *liely to ISelviMOe to Odjkel 100 aits to inist arch ibk 11nd giltu 1910111 bn various urijntiAbli t reefs, exlfids sootli Istaiii li ttie treat A&isWoc of three lore T PTairi-T goasufv Yottoiriiig oAtive ftrofilfiid i~tioi edtibte 10015 Solo Idand; ivtere even the forests are Spanish istirfiiitslijg l wr ~ itrs grive r Itie 1801 as Joto, niistty colatloselt of fruit trees the soevessois of IthOs and thisfisrici is freporouklt noeld iii Afidneini press jtaittl toneg slince tiy stave tatlr Is a aeritahte ftrift~ dittte. The siiitte iW6 stainds are ckoverd cltih gaidvo ~ It is Itor heart~t Moi toilaf Ti6pndtrovtat Whairoe, ivtie the larger cries tiveN itiiik fun sta tioit Sot vi iift I ghort lved seicres tirs aioosty aWas of targe jionriiiii In tlie naives raise rice 11111 fioafie oceuitia t or goed P1y thie tiphiiiih foia es iii t 76 in Ainmisa aR a QikA T At ma T i lNAL, MALOLOS MINDANAO AND THE SULUS19 which year the prie~tg thiinughot Utaho And part of minsainne fro tHeS Unitoied States governiment, waited the Visayas preacemd A holy war, to aid thc gnvcrn- upon him, in Austkif I1899) and 6earrangd Mor a promenti i n subduing the Mohamiomd~m liutidcls of the teetnrat unmlr thc Stare amd Strip6s, With ai rciducd sooth. The St~ied MAn as~ ammong ti enty other subsidy, hut sub; hdlIN en6 ten Win dliwiar weling1 51b f sl& t1 Sultan is calld 1 h iltad feerf~ed as thc etiuct no 6 Sje fin At fii~ bAI h ini o can his capintal manny years before tn italbbb, Wihwe the Imlnrly help feeling therei is ismoethiog incongruous Spainiads could gct at himi 6fdy with great diflh'ultv. shout a great (i'is1tiani nation fcfing A tibeolcnt The Soli ii po fiteote is a iniipAt6 ore) the l'ospeahko Mosleni si~lygifiiii Astaid slhiccolrice to dii shoot As lie aide Turk entln'nedl at t'onstaffntinople his gocern~ phlcAses in Solo, Aelifile at the sauiie t ime the Plea (if uncult 5il irrespoIs)iJtil despoitisni 'Insenl upon~ feinial Luimnt C heistlb is us toe elfgncrhiftt was aiisweied eus~tnis proa~bly taco tlinussod years old, ninulmuged with A stnruit of bullets. hot whn that reads history excoept as sliglitle Iniiiiiii bjy theo later rehigints colt does not knoiw tbat when the spirit if iuastere is He is head nif both elireldi Aind state His haomlsrn is aroused consistency Aand t le flimii seiit iA4ens iiiy Aol sura'puiseiugla uii iiiii'i'iiin' Iitapoiiuits Mikii 6ab hi'iecf ii i 4 itoiheir nor 86 Iik Sfibi IiW lAfeiusd 90iiiipiti niaa"s-ti Sohii Tb l 16ii h j''i'ii eail oh ttim a iitiuii Area l6 gsioi tuti~ the IP9iinut the suiue uas tautito use'aeeaouga' ci ut uiukiug h ispilrii iu~e" e~ei'b iifi tbioly uibi'uO' hoppeuld ottf Polygamfy uuuua t6 Met61 Fi ii 'ill ti li tht iiiIn ifiii poe cishiu'u Iioaio'es "hAeeu'y en'iiailu tuiuui'i'd ifidiffiitmion tue Stuuifiless lieu uut~ tin his fret iu ci' e nun Mci' ii 1 stee lii took~ OutiO Wuuuitd not hisf'u to aher tiilk it dnniatighu tlueuu Atikii fi glllpout to i olsn 4nqieguo jist piii tiiu' a Iiuir lieunlii ai neni'ifigit thut np have uiglut bAY luis lauitnu hi'aia''tai'utt' his b Ded hailhuitai'iuu withi li ia I i' ii'i fu tir twuia'itra diflhiii diguipiau I ihi t A bilighiata ii" ~sriuu haul i'ee'ci aittit tf liii cliie e eiii' sri' lanaii giii; lu oue ar'e captives Ma nil uuah A(i W wei ti luikaaahiuu oa'i' thaI'69 l is it hi hi'ilu ut tidf i iiiu ]aaur W uid~ caultiuc, i duthei ieuaves udcildren, Itat eau "'iuhiieui' uuuuieem a giakt;n uiiacu'ouruugw t tucir psayauueuuts Thei taiiu iulit(AH tau'iet hlod in g' forth uuient in Siuugspiaee nAm! his sAte 6fIitt iiil Wt'ug Only iii Unthithud baflatuuhuo uuutsuhiOes ee thue OMinl Atf half a'eieved arhen Birigshdjiee~idecAl Bstu's, us ilaigh ao miiduiihiui MuMsti' u'hos A'l aguulne t unsuiaauad 130 TH~~7E P'ICTUR~ESQU& PHILIPPNE pr igr So15 idas; ove Vtot ig the diratograpick Arft of coose p orse till; nid d xiit h ilints or uitfi for doesnot theli Koren deinounce anathemas against plieces, he drops~ dead Ifihisfeai~ves do noht~ mourn maigimages and padictures Holrrfibl is the eoeinhrti hot hold a celebralion and coigngrtulate oiine another lgeffient' tI y 6xteon to retain i othiounfd fhnaftL 010lbh te aft d state lbe delsitartd has toaid Wi ik Pldg d Is hi I1 all t (Iighrist at apoible; the for lnmsgfl o Vardsii a iiid fblbvey baniks And 4Pack: juratoenftadse or "turn of the~ oath " In Stain the hog fountinsfig with Imoitrsvii uoi threve an otortal -vow taken by the 'uraeotiniff is held toibe most tuer beauty to attend hins every desire~ tin di blot soink fiftofnios antd in ffeltilliog# it liei t Ifiitfom4v ifieliffel to, i sisr lets lofin ohi nt tio m to restore his ivitei lotto sototithitig worse than tny beasst ot foly lie toil elildiien t in reriom lo o~ihiS nti I' a tratttntitr~ sbitisitsa vr otar Witino ieuelt, utterly regardless blessitig leain the pandifith t l vsihtttoi to his death A ScAtsivi it W is ocrrat suite The drauhtid aisuitafilkis adter dring, wti tiditisst tecatLare it ti t~easiahur ol ral pissgridsr FRODUI(TS TRADE ANDI CUIRRENCY, ANIMAL IILZEi NATA? lE hit ilt dbirth lhiiiI Iihl10ifti~e toh tiOWtL- htmled &iscltftitmi. liWht iitiwittild Isv t tilled itt thet N atml pee-eITisienic I tie totfiltty iii thei soIl is IM tiledblte gefiverifteit Itnd thieve is a hai e0 wiaitdlerfiL Nest sitily do ill hiotjiii Iritts thotishi tifioitiiiff lie S. A Kittfipp thle keseit sent ii ot bJy R0h thrieve htl hstih itoilsietitiit srijibih sf otMhi ltipnerat Unifited Sitie D elsiteiieont of Agaeivtth ire; reorti Ii it soite tie Missie (Iw isopeths it yi81 ii) ii t sint le y atld as nittiriv t* inthids of die tenth iii this ImliliiliiiTiM0 -tithhhet hfisrvitiiilbs ividliraii tha t ti t titild geapes tite ilils i lO44M iii'ftnithitaiti its This'it A ii hunfate regiphe oihfiy shrilitary ttttittiii to Seeeei'ih shi Itt gives I ire Iuflee of ~ihiri P eivd hed asfiii rt ho' Irs1it et~ii puiiit itt variety the eantks oh xi fi la i htl o is in P~iey dridlasti acre 6d(siflver enfreitriy) 'seetIohIK etornoits.i Of Wswet hiotutei sec ut Yetns; oe r one livin et6 loratiot atod the value of the iiiisnJ~*rfisvetett irish titiHioh~it puml are raisedfit inithlly Eatithed estate~s see tt6iitfitrh t sinall aii EAfato tetiore is ini a eonhusu'el statek Thle differ-L itiodetle su.Tt oihti intt iehuttlei ee emces between the giilhinog aiti this owingfr of l ailtre' w nsiih libe conhaiderr~i a hans' holl ding, tutu 'ihW' thton - stih as Biii sany eases lizitul uii Aitieriettte Ior a sand eacre is the staxhinfitnf'in a event Negros. nitira atajonityu Il th sae tfith-ieis buss' oevu'r existedl, Mlalters& 'sinethitiii the milkh ut thed iievlifiilaifit omihi'eF and very itan are Iteil ht otssu'ssosev, tith RIbine t' MWiivilha iirl undiso wru'teltidly arc tliy Puaid thittt Ioretutart estbiimate tltat only onre foitell of li'tihitiili'g itiy sorb Ni'aaifiity as ii thud or typiuton a vsitaifffnff IPIODUCTS ThADIE AND (UM NC Y ANIMAL LIFE 131 of lionists or white anits, of a iii 69in da drought,; entails Iii the lacrk of hirg6 horses inaive ponies friom nine ~great niterting am]i brings hein fare to fare with to twelve haindi htigh,; singulrily tought and strong, sabrvathion Five to eight renfts a t&* and 'hound" is are In Mctnnoon ue fur riding or for Iligt drciving. natued as the orduinary wages p aid 00 a N'egros suagar Thei pwniltiail piroducts are sulgar, hietip and tolstbarr estANitt i few years snire. In ciniti m aud southernt (bsdh the lnti fand uNinutuffiacted); soppletnented hy Ltlabu ci share sytetih has largely prevailed in lieun of coItter indidgo cOltra (dried twoatfilit kerinj), sapautriges;,h eoieceru66 i~iittg th hljie In bo er ttinctrw sitv Wond tot dyeing, Attd Iitili I b iii1 re at rice emot, Allniwed one halt the crop. O ititli larger pihuitatiots tuure a tIo rutd hfer geanis are All tin lioiie cotsunuptioni espicitslly tltosu dtevotedl ct sugar, its tuitnV its lice htfit Iolce us Towont ini Oever lurtivileo Ihere Are setires tIred tsr sty littauidrt tint ice laltutrers lice ini their nipuiftMiud ein itit litiutlreuof itvarieties butt the mauil dDIistuic hu ts justt as h flu iegris iisodl tu lice6 i ii their sloitut ten ttttti us iit swanitt) antI titihintl it hitc tonutenror giving diluiing slavery itays wivili its. t'tt6etd antIetutiignit b Ifi tutuitle the Itirg-er viel] iht illiunt ii uttl tine crop a of (lie he6a pett, are fbiritjisiet Ity the6 itlatuter it lis yer it t e rti the iupluitd rice gives two ti three crops. teetis lii ticcntfit, uttui icet the croup has been loiii \li ii161 (rohitwng its tHie Nlie; oI Afitter it c, haiveated, Vestedl A sttilcitieit is Inte. Possiltl tile ifttchle lit unt ihu I nitt yet liftiled it t 0idit tty itn toie in ye thun t tc ave i'w holha s itt cash hstt veury oten he time itt dI'e'tr diI J et to tht lhiftet r thait hir Was the previoust year. hu r~dd t is systent millions i lad A t it of -virt tal slavery. sin tit s it has it ittu hDndith to t e teut has cii cuperated Wthu hack ust a popuer tr-in ing t tutu ke the lilt1iries an exitr t y slovronly tan riei the native's phowehtar is ntmere stic ot hard weind Nhi ppt~ tIit AlOitit the innu And Itati D Ibs trig attaheli 1 ant 1_ ing to any on of tue everdI dii r nti patetisig IIl moti pfinithe.i Hils hafrt is eqvally ruthi, Ihis tnt with AMalay Iknite Ate ordintarily his only hiehld iuii UAUseen ANit Waittkiirn Mid ItAuts hUNnED luheitents, t leas otiti liar- This lumtber, an a generkial thihagi to partially qaaornd J ha tn tve farest btefnre kmetminvl vest. tMi haulting is thneie with iiretighi hteavy cart, whose' tuvi chteels are sc- itonthtls tire reqnired tut hniriig the eruil iii ttatirIty.f tibm cut from n I rg trc o Oiv I nd ~alteseth Stetamn rice,-tutllsg hvare tltontger mrar i hi Lavin. etrang the amty s oua-44t ith ra t chtinigy hedtge. T 'Fuebahtt Nitcie, i ydields th e' icrl-fajin ig Maiuth The Philippine elraftt-anind;tal hue ituuiversith htest henuis. is a shteekie itt plantaini groiusr tgiihgIIlae cf it sarehen is the earahian, tsr Wvtrhiutttihisl which atud dussely Askii t i the btnisusatn, Inut]itikoigeoiu to the feeds on various swnamup grasses, hbay breing fittiknuriwn Phidippfiines 't6he liet 6aNitc poetsart Maiflau and hot whuieti requires bothiti g sittieihi as ahuntidniuce of Chelm at schiehi huuints fittist itt the lirtdcait is halted waftr aned daily, eunee or twice, the ttiul buath that lsy great hemp.-presses. 'Ilesides it fin fur Nitrdigeu notk enhy~ Rsnits his aihirhtiosis itatuire hunt 1trovides the wusid overt, asaca tturaitisoics a vahisdhe, fibe'r for butt uvith a veritaldc eutat of email tpigaist thu stingsy takingl eairpet, trapestry, hiatuiocks a Inits, Iuitisrnes of ewariming ianshees Oft other desimtetWie afnhittl the and even *din'e apip-nhhareL. Maly, in asotahern LsNctn, conaronesit are swine, wtiea, smith b~ienify cf chfickensi s the eetteur rut a tatneun hemup regkin, hot the' hueit are to he seeny aboot every bitt in rfarming distictsb of all ecunies trom fidyte and the IIljeitdrng Miayns,Ra 132 THE P1C7U QUJE PHIIPPINES lI itdale of their exports the race hetween sugar whIMh the 11fuitted Stales had $1t 14146, or less than anti ah~aa is neclk ol neck (laite-raising has heent otne fifltheti total exports as ~$20;1 76O000 (gold), of suckiessful in Ptarts ttf ettirahl anti stntt Lfzoat and of which the 'United States had $4jt9S28567; or very the is'Iayas and Mlindarita The highest d~ee thmiaet neiarly one fourth. Thils ttttifttr was then takinig 6if thIis9 inidustry is in N egros, except asi to tlitih isiatid front thirty to fifty pe ceut~i of the suigar exported, sugar utaiufatturing is carieid no almosti altogether and ahout tifty fitr cenft of the A lhstil heonip, irhile is i naentil WAY Anti tt'itg Atthntiqutied uitnicitiery ~ heggatrly sititiring sit 5tititeltts hit retttrt cttsigtcd TohJaet o 6u1vtnit e'61 its less Wirdtely tdu tt ii litait 6heifli tIf line andi itetritikno Attnitii the arthies rice, fttr to flt' Fi laitnjt snuking is tine ifttIhe its6 it lii which nourmtally titian should lie a good salt' in the Alli ' ol xiskten s hle lies ttidaecst ri ginti tint ifilihpiiies, atit Wrhii Auteriesris 6ttigirt tairdfy to almotst rivaling hr \Vitsitti Atitajo6 it ~twesrron tilt i kqpjtiv are sewirig-tmisclines5 sititite itols fur hand iste callsy iii lit C a yayin; in dii' tisrtli jtirt ofi laltor, firearnis, kivets, spooss pus, tsisrths andt Iteedles huzon. Jolt iii h mitsludig cigars urnd t'gi'tarett And 'it t ii cttojiugittts F'nr must kiud rif shetIt titd AgriL is niteat i lietni as a rhigfose't goVerinitit't reventiusl c iltiraul wuilitcittry the t'niditltmns Seemt tnot Yet ri-pe. Cofftee saul 6tttttt site t~itrunerl PirniJts i in Itirgi hymnu the fNO&t that the Vlihppiti)jes were sit long a quafitiltj& b ut tiuc isi66ll' uttt has btes'n we'll uigh uorem c outi'd~ "bitt to New Slpuh (MXteico),anti were de6iteutiih'tu tthi l ettcr fist tbitei curre'ncy tnatorally 4 re fsultut that leian due sIl11' htsitug the Fa toE y h al oe the tar 1la 4. oh arI#4 Init trhtpt' ds 'auto fruitV 1Int tfe trl 0 ' ot iii16 thin us'i luin latiniut lthiflt it tutores ' taus; i's roti pikii ahaile 'hoa I ci ot tuuie thu t st irueluth a thuat aitugahi th aiovi tamainitd; luauddi k um is btise 'ii 'h truit tuiedbir dnuiani junuoh C iiiitit)It htht~ i r aid-fruut; ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~papar as also autualy othuers; of A"O"Odid A Secua AAMMAand in this esuun'etion there Muauy unidratne dhtihuna taut ani fithd, ahua hut Manila and hits iianhratyh auidteao a xbt riunsfdatl fin most districts ity a destroet'u ingst hoate and I6tutl hufr a Dt. In thue Ph uipi 46'ie the pineWirhde h~uonuennae M'ittan eloths havel heen sirivea tint ahaple is asot nuauehu estecutud as A fruit, hut is extensit the uuaarkeit Ity those iuuupoirted trouin England. sh'eiy enitivateth for the leaves wheinee the e9tusly (ieaeu-growing is actively carfried otn in siume of the s'ttt-tanpturnft pina and wondroutsly stridurnjta southierat isands, and tm aunts extenft in Lauzotii. The fahries are iurudueed& The itanana, grtuasing in over excellentf M'otnoltht And coeoa olutimueid truti it are a huridrel varie~ties is a great Itoun to the natives. entusutned In the nishtus ufidigo groirs ivld h Stil utore hugight itnized is the Cucouatnutt whose its cultivaiofn hmuaiut iisuue ffsrtuaue have hts'n nuatie meat buothi raw And pirepureul, turtus a sapile article and itsetdujlta Ware of 9r eahilital gsuud invesituntut. itt fouad Front the hatak of thue et66uctunt the Tagala The totatdania trale o sit t he hilippaiate (ittuhuorits maken rissi anth eutruts and a anaterial for calking their and xlutrta ogeter)was fgiven fitt a tIaie Stls hot. un h od Ie they o'arve spoons, cups Trefasory DeiTnettoenft stahe teat ath the noithureak ot heads arid rosrires and atany tithe articles Thue theI pnnishAneria war sas $'2, 5559 fdlver), lseaves, if niM.pa or gorgon-grs is notredil oMain one twlfth; total irrorsa $1 ftgtit,2h11 (gudd). of' The6 vins anif sdmall rih of the leaves Are aned to PRODUCTS TRADE AND CUMRNC Y ANIMAL LIFE 133 iikalr broos teg On. fiid ribs as tiol, anid tbe isest tii B6oirinaii province wrouglitiloibi baa beeni Prou kidn l ifiiiir soap.~ OJILIlrirreb tbbawasts aiid wiraterpipes in a ride blnoon'ry And uinawat irditplwhes are fasionlmed II bllowii seetuiisi of die tirniik; while Paingy; Cebin and other! kislifan hds r likewiser Said to troutfli th ltd& a red-i dyebi t iii aterItd it btafined tnat, rnifiittii iroiii Thb6efritpetrtiniiiit of the Igorrotes iii a ltinjb, riiseiAW inste'n of beteL tW 'oaantfiid,~ itsd already eeini deribed,; the redutal eordilbtrii of sill flaishfietiniretl 1 i'eriii nt g qhfities, tre ontce Aii J'i o ti ntmitit ndibt ly r6itfifittiiii large deiosits oif tins infiportant artoii,1 of eioti~ t to Lirpo; where it fhoiid iiieta The 6s iid iapply tras to~nehedi oittoi ]in ronnecreadt r market a' an i nereienilttt of 96'of sip d Oi adho l ion Aithi I Al indoroi aoid (Thei Prorindi id e fitniR The6 ne~t i rs tire it w'AA i 0 tod ' ~ifig liniie i lii lelii Jr i hai& fitilied thoitAtitds of tonns ot highl gti~de lignite dohg, for tjhri ib nop iiid I ii 6ooiti ire 1Ihe tradi iii tiriii t lie bedl 6roppiing outl iii tlui istiiiilf MA Islati olira (fitret 6ikremit i iruilue 2fth, Mrtid turee ireeks tile with Itm AIts iii 189tlti iua teeoso fteAqoi uIi ttiiiiihahr ieaeie ~ i iltrlt TiWOr 'itie Iifhero lmuuis)ligtutiugk tso't (T ii diM aid fhi ittii the apturali at ui. tle v dry easoo artier operaIt" ii B46 flie fiurguilsOA terre orerut triiuii iiii tuir oos were ceassudihi ihriuig the tirat Wte days ot ii 166ituui od dito ru soiitlu iart. t616oltoug Ilp thiig tohii r heurratl SetWAuu, ollerat og Iii souutlu Lauiou. Olir~eess bhirura Wtuetiuori Iiifis igati ~luli Ilit. tieuttu epiitd uairitoisa i ai d ~bptt, utalisu ihs Nteiheti auith 1 s'upsl iuipklulteiuu uiute "I ui~ o iiect uiutd ituuiid Wi dtulituGuiiiii tu rhiusotts. utjistuiuted tohgj)i the not btietrit.iirpts'aiiauk it 6lu6rtta tiv iuitMtotbiuit iduIiiipl MAW 1 'i Ii "i t i,1eaitoel T ugupauu Thut Aue 1iiu,'iTh tieoulil lust Is jil sth iglit M un a touurteeuut d t u 'it 11A11 t II& hotecit Ih 'uet'ie '1tuu sause poryturr evli, the e' t'esb iii ao MOi rt'o sue A t tigi ikiIs! kilt it Oui I ie l roehiuct fW 4 tif iutGendal 'as' ITg10111 li )ii iuiultu ig lieut te euupagu thuis lttug urpoulid I Iii~ 0ituiurek(i ut Io' tireiurot of ttu Fll - lorthe sitcitJ1 WAi S tilRurlh is to tiuv- iou i oriu 1uusvrt ipuaiuo omkogrsk the Siwre fttsu df t tAlt ifittus TReasa ftfliii6 s i ii6 iii liii 1111 fi fisd I miii 0ai thisatt iuiit Ii note ut9 thu Auu ih~ so aloritue' Lkiiit ya of Ithi '.ittu' ai rim'iiOlg' light of tuut days hu 'W l ie ot ''i 6iu'uuu'riul F~uuto 'tau'u Ih hi'u'tuiWrM u A I6tuuu uue WuuXauta us WRIxU'.- Thim ttuiuuuP I'.iuusxr (j aiiukiuianGuiaaAu Mi"sxs Kim uls mgST Stau' 138~~~~~~~1 A NAR 6F lAWTfoN'R AMRUNIT1ON4RAIN; DRAWN BY CARAAAO, SosEor Wminds GAVE Our ANo DIMa the ilPino goenet Oh the eleventh of 1herein~ On February (fth the Preidengkft appintffed Judge her Oenera (IOtikb direcioni of Presoidbiol Mc Finley, Willfiam II Taft; of Ohio, at the head of A new Philopenedthe Pilippie pors to cmmerc. Thesanmc tfippic (Cioso to mfalingat A civil goverhnment (1 iefr TI heron (>01111 i" 1~b Iees 0n to p firae fvib noii ry~ the ohim r inmerbig6 eflbi Oak ay ian m ilt dir Is ni to Ch ptai I mafni011bi l in rot orli Bifinard Mo e69 of tin yactialpa of thes AroINe Newak> ON the finiineteenth Unilveruty ol CIffdiforoa; Pro 9feso Deant 1>7' >Wmorc when aboutf to order an attack on> th rbls MWat Saa ficr of Mo ~blogni fri ou Lnkci Wright, of T'Penngese i MIAMI Lawton wa lot; dyli g b on idfi te y> > d domdge II my 1> fdo If Vi rmoni. This CMon Th I h, r ol I i- Io >kirnil A W1 Anb At so d r(llS oaIA1n 7harvn worlcof th Id rthwig~rism sad tfni 6rl in ftse inuthm ofJi n 111) bhg nost on down go rrdl a m~d ha dits> I ow n' r Gun r I P fiv hgfnitnog t1mi adbldront ativ dtie unti Otils recommentifdedi that for mi Pine a large repreaive- the tirat ol Setem~ber The intervening tine miess 11forcoe he retind, and oni Aprl 4E 1000 thee were speat in beconongil fotmniiar nnhdtiso h ra nery 3,00sldier in th Maad alik confronitingthill>ltrr ~On April 7th General Otis, al his Oll req-uest, was Meannitone GeneraI Ohs had aspproved (If a IOlan of R Rrelieveld obf coanman in fina Philippines,; the orde municipal gfovcrmne iin h Fiipinos tHes right gigito eftect MAy 1tc wihelie waR5 9mmecede6d by f kufrffagc, and' scholsl Were being estaiblishedl as General Mac~rthur. On ine 1s inaallcr rapidly as possilile. Phjis, iofeonrooe,0011cr direeltioi thu iiue prolamt~ion of imunnesty wll) Adlmb of millitary anthornity, Which seelgied the greatesat lionali Prhdon toII Pili in Whio wouln u (ice tl btcl nte w y efpail toi a sin oa1ek o in ii m> >onwith a inet d y imd ifwa 6660prd eonticidnbc in O l~di 6 a o m tb pat of Ibe >nl ale> bymany of the ledr.Amn h late wa Ie~ iat.Tecnryisgnw prcdtobeqIntig MriPn c iars, eaptore,ilIJ(Ie Stitb a ero (0 aanIIuetiigto noora conditIonaI pi Macati wiiose lia nloncdo ndc oSier Padia mhsist prdic that ib roperadminisraiv bmthd geflh cetit I Genra PatIn IU6SA iathincbr h erftr od i tr o h rbplg o O atad1nIn talL on no ott. oa lyp afik lotr~idlx apl dpo thm Ity> la b8INAA 3 zt I i II i I 4, I I I f(LAAHE ItvYFI THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN C o;i: | ffEd4:Vg0B f 0 );: @' 00 f n X f;;f0-f::;;-::;;; Xm X;rr l: 65,~~~~~~~~~~~ -13,~ ~ ~ 21~ ~~ 4