SOURCES OF HYDROGRAPHIC AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA ON THE GREAT LAKES by Charles F. Powers and David L. Jones Research Associates and John C. Ayers, Project Director U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Contract No. 14-19-008-9581 Special Scientific Report-Fisheries No. 314 GREAT LAKES RESEARCH DIVISION Special Report No. 8 INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Ann Arbor, Michigan 1959 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction........................ 2. Procedure........................ 3. Compilation of information.................. 4. Sources of data Table 1. Onshore data sources............ Lake Superior.................. St. Marys River................. Lake Michigan.................. Lake Huron................... St. Clair River-Lake St. Clair-Detroit River Lake Erie.................... Niagara River.................. Lake Ontario.................. Table 2. Inland data sources............ Minnesota.................... Wisconsin.................... Illinois.................... Indiana..................... Michigan.................... Ohio...................... Pennsylvania.................. New York.................... Ontario..................... Table 3. Unusable data sources........... 5. Summary......................... Table 4. Summary of knowledge of all potential data sources.................... Table 5. Summary of knowledge of usable data sources Appendix I - Bibliography.................. Appendix II - Index and period of record for meteorological stations in Ontario................. 1 3 10 11 18 32 38 64 76 82 96 100 110 113 113 115 115 117 120 122 122 125 130 132 133 135 139 160 List of Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Questionnaire on meteorological and hydrographic records Orientation chart, Lake Superior and St. Marys River.. Orientation chart, Lake Michigan........... Orientation chart, Lake Huron........... Orientation chart, Lake Erie (including St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, Detroit River, and Niagara River) Orientation chart, Lake Ontario............ Orientation chart, Great Lakes drainage basin.. Percent frequency of all potential data sources.. Summary of knowledge of all potential data sources... 5 17 37 63 75 99 112 137 138 iii 1. INTRODUCTION The Great Lakes are undoubtedly the most important single source of fresh water in the world. Their waters are utilized for numerous economic needs, such as commercial and sport fishing, power generation, municipal water supplies, industrial uses, recreation, and navigation. In line with this high degree of economic importance, the Great Lakes are now and will most likely continue to be the subjects of various scientific studies and investigations, carried out with a view toward obtaining a more lucid understanding of their physical, chemical, and biological properties and mechanisms. In conjunction with studies such as these, personnel of the Great Lakes Fisheries Investigations suggested that a great deal of limnological and meteorological information relative to the Lakes and their drainage basins would likely be available from agencies in both the United States and Canada. Likely sources would be those which routinely make use of raw lake water, such as municipal water treatment plants, disposal plants, power plants, and industries. In addition, it was believed that data might also be obtained from various governmental agencies —federal, state, and provincial. Parameters which might possibly be located were thought to include water temperature, turbidity, pH, color, and odor; chemical analyses of water; biological analyses, such as bacterial and plankton counts; water level; lake surface condition; and numerous meteorological observations, such as air temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, humidity, radiation, evaporation, pressure, visibility, and cloud cover. Up to the present time little was known specifically about the availability, reliability, and extent of any data such as those enumerated above. In addition, data would likely be widely scattered and hence of little practical use to anyone interested in utilizing the contained information. It became apparent, therefore, that the location and evaluation of these collateral data should become the object of a special study. It was proposed that the execution of such a study could best be accomplished in three phases, with the exact nature and extent of each succeeding phase governed by findings of the preceding one. Phase I would be designed to locate and determine the extent of records in the Great Lakes area that might be useful in developing a better understanding of Great Lakes hydrography. Phase II would involve a pilot study in a selected section of the Great Lakes in which all available data would be examined to determine the reliability and usefulness of the various types of records. In Phase III all records demonstrated by Phase II to be of value in hydrographic and biological studies of the Great Lakes would be accumulated over a period determined by the completeness and congruity of data, and recorded in a form suitable for easy reference and use in future studies. Phase I was undertaken by the Great Lakes Research Institute during the past fiscal year, and is the subject of the present report. Many persons, institutions, and agencies have been of immeasurable aid in the successful conduct of this investigation. The investigators wish to gratefully acknowledge the invaluable assistance and wholehearted cooperation of the following persons who, in various ways, were instrumental in helping locate sources of meteorological and hydrographic data: Dr. James W. Moffett, Chief, Great Lakes Fishery Investigations, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dr. Stanford H. Smith, 1 2 Fishery Research Biologist, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dr. Ralph Hile, Fishery Research Biologist, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dr. Alfred M. Beeton, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan; James H. Johnson, Fishery Research Biologist, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dr. D. V. Anderson, Ontario Department of Lands and Forests, Maple, Ontario; Dr. Albert Ballert, Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan; N. H. Beamer, U. S. Geological Survey, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Dr. Albert E. Berry, General Manager, Ontario Water Resources Commission, Toronto, Ontario; Prof. Herbert M. Bosch, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; C. C. Boughner, Chief, Climatological Section, Department of Transport, Toronto, Ontario; A. V. DeLaporte, Director of Laboratories and Research, Ontario Water Resources Commission, Toronto, Ontario; Earl Devendorf, Director, Bureau of Environmental Sanitation, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; A. H. Eichmeier, State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, East Lansing, Michigan; N. G. Gray, Dominion Hydrographer, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa, Canada; J. R. Harvey, Regional Sanitary Engineer, Department of Health, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Meadville, Pennsylvania; J. H. Hubble, U. S. Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio; Russell L. Johnson, Engineer in Charge, Michigan Department of Health, Escanaba, Michigan; Ray Joiner, Assistant to the Director, National Weather Records Center, U. S. Weather Bureau, Asheville, North Carolina; Lothar A. Joos, State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Champaign, Illinois; Homer Knox, Principal Assistant Sanitary Engineer, State Department of Health, Columbus, Ohio; Robert Knutilla, U. S. Geological Survey, Escanaba, Michigan; W. T. Laidley, Chief Technical Assistant, U. S. Lake Survey Office, Detroit, Michigan; C. R. MacLean, Captain, U. S. Coast Guard, Chief, Operations Division, Ninth Coast Guard District, Cleveland, Ohio; Colin MacMillan, Marathon Paper Mills, Marathon, Ontario; Dr. 0. J. Muegge, State Sanitary Engineer, State of Wisconsin Board of Health, Madison, Wisconsin; L. T. Pierce, State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Columbus, Ohio; Dr. B. A. Poole, Director, Bureau of Environmental Sanitation, Indiana State Board of Health, Indianapolis, Indiana; H. W. Poston, Assistant Regional Engineer, U. S. Public Health Service, Chicago, Illinois; Jack Rademacher, Sanitary Engineer, U. S. Public Health Service, Chicago, Illinois; Lawrence A. Schaal, State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Lafayette, Indiana; Cdr. E. 0. Standish, Office of Chief of Naval Operations, U. S. Navy, Washington, D. C.; The State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Albany, New York; Joseph H. Strub, Jr., State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Minneapolis, Minnesota; J. F. J. Thomas, Head, Industrial Waters Section, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa, Ontario; Kenneth G. Tower, Regional Engineer, Federal Power Commission, Chicago, Illinois; T. L. Vander Velde, Chief, Section of Water Supply, Division of Engineering, Michigan Department of Health, Lansing, Michigan; Paul J. Waite, State Climatologist, U. S. Weather Bureau, Madison, Wisconsin; Fredrick H. Waring, Chief Engineer, State Department of Health, Columbus, Ohio; George Whetstone, U. S. Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio; G. H. Wood, District Engineer, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Branch, Ottawa, Ontario; Frank L. Woodward, Director, Division of Environmental Sanitation, Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota. The investigators are no less indebted to the various persons who were contacted at the individual agencies during the course of the study. The limitations of space do not permit listing them here, but the majority have been identified in the tabulation of sources in Table 1. To all these persons who provided essential information, and thereby contributed to the successful completion of this survey, we extend our sincere thanks. 3 2. PROCEDURE In order to expedite the search for data sources, the study was divided into two basic parts: the hydrographic and the meteorological. This was a natural division since the bulk of the meteorological data was expected to originate at points apart from the sources of hydrographic data. However, it was known that certain agencies obtaining routine hydrographic data also obtained concomitant meteorological observations. In such cases, it became the responsibility of the personnel in the hydrographic division of the study to ascertain the necessary information relative to the meteorological observations, and to then transmit it to personnel in the meteorological division. The primary reason that many meteorological sources are different from hydrographic sources is because it was deemed necessary to obtain meteorological data not only around the periphery of the Lkakes, but inland for some distance as well. The influence of the Lakes on weather conditions, and the influence of weather on the Lakes, is known to encompass an area around the Lakes as well as over the Lakes themselves. The exact limits of this "area of influence" are yet not completely determined, but for the purposes of this study have been confined to the drainage area of the Great Lakes (Fig. 7). The first effort by project personnel to locate all pertinent sources of meteorological data within the Great Lakes basin was made by contacting the National Weather Records Center of the U. S. Weather Bureau at Asheville, North Carolina, and the Meteorological Division of the Canadian Department of Transport in Toronto, Ontario. These two agencies provided project personnel with information on meteorological data that is published. This comprised the largest source of all types of data uncovered by the project: 808 sources or 68.6 per cent of the total of 1177 sources (see Table 4, p. 133). All other meteorological data sources ascertained by the project are comprised of unpublished, unprocessed data on file at each station or a central repository. The data are recorded by U. S. Coast Guard Stations (some of the data from a few of these are published in U. S. Weather Bureau climatological summaries), water treatment plants, industries and power plants, sewage treatment plants, paper mills, commercial and research lake vessels, and a few other sources such as university research groups, individual observers, and governmental and public service organizations. The search for hydrographic sources was initiated by concentrating first upon the water treatment plants. Information concerning data available from such plants in the United States was obtained by contacting the head offices of the public health departments of the states bordering the Great Lakes: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Wisconsin. In Michigan and Ohio, at least a portion of the data from these plants was found to be available from the head offices, where it is kept on file. In the other states, data are retained in the files of the individual plants, from which they may be obtained. Information on water treatment plants in Ontario was furnished by the Ontario Water Resources Commission. Another source investigated early in the study comprised the power plants which utilize water from the Lakes. A list of all such plants on 4 the United States side of the Lakes was obtained from the Federal Power Commission at Chicago; this list included public utilities, industries, and municipal plants. For information on the Canadian side, the HydroElectric Power Commission of Ontario was contacted. The pertinent water treatment plants and power plants were then contacted individually. In some cases personal visits were possible, but usually contact was by mail. Each potential data source not visited by project personnel was sent a letter outlining the project, its aims and purpose, and the type of cooperation sought. Included with the letter was a three-page questionnaire designed to facilitate the agency's reply. The questionnaire, which is reproduced in Figure 1, is a form on which each observation could be entered, whether hydrographic or meteorological. Space for pertinent information concerning the observation was also provided. It will be noted that a good deal of the information requested on the questionnaire, iLe., time of observation, type of instrument or process, instrument sensing element, and name of observer, are items which were not required under the terms of the study, but were considered pertinent and hence ascertained whenever possible. Information relating to these items was not determined for all cooperating agencies, and is not included in this report. That which is known is on file with the Great Lakes Research Institute. It should be pointed out here that rigid adherence to a strict policy in contacting and obtaining information from the various agencies was not possible; that is, in some cases the use of questionnaires was impractical, in others they served to collect information that otherwise would likely have been overlooked. The water treatment plants and power plants constituted the bulk of the hydrographic data sources from which any great varietyiof data were available. However, a number of additional agencies contacted also were able to make significant contributions. Specific reference to these agencies is made in section 3 of this report. During the course of the investigation, items of pertinent literature appeared from time to time, and have been included in the Bibliography (Appendix I). Also included in the Bibliography are selected references from a bibliography of the Great Lakes (Van Oosten, John. Great Lakes Fauna, Flora, and their Environment. A Bibliography. Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1957). Selection of these references was based upon applicability to the interest area of the project. Contained within Van Oosten's bibliography are 138 papers from Lake Erie on subjects within the interest area of this project, 57 from Lake Michigan, 22 from Lake Superior, 19 from Lake Ontario, 13 from Lake Huron, and 42 pertinent to all the Great Lakes. Of these, there are certain papers which cover comparable subjects at different times and which have promise of providing direct material upon possible changes in the Great Lakes. Figure 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN GREAT LAKES RESEARCH INSTITUTE U. S. Dept. of Interior - Great Lakes Collateral Data QUESTIONNAIRE ON METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC RECORDS Organization Address Date Parameter Measured Time of Observation Period of Record Type of Instrument or Process Instrument Sensing Element Exposure Location Disposition of Data Name of Observer Remarks Air temperature extremes Water temperature extremes ice formation ice dissipation in Figure 1 (cont.) Parameter Measured Time of Observation Period of Record Type of Instrument or Process Instrument Sensing Element Exposure Location Disposition of Data Name of Observer Remarks Precipitation liquid__ solid solid cover extremes Wind speed instantaneous total movement extremes Wind direction Humidity dew point olar radiation Solar radiation Evaporation Figure 1 (cont.) Parameter Measured Time of Observation Period of Record Type of Instrument or Process Instrument Sensing Element Exposure |Location Disposition of Data Name of Observer Remarks Pressure Visibility Cloud cover types heights Other (specify) Chemical Analyses Total alkaTotal hardness pH Other (specify)_____________________________________________ Parameter Heasured Time of Observation Period of Record Type of Instrument or Process Instrument Sensing E lement Exposure Location Disposition of Data Name of Observer Remarks Physical Analyse Turbidity Color Odor Other (specify)..__________________________________________________________ Biological nnalyses Standard plate count Coliform Plankton Water level Water currents -~ -- Wave heights Other (specify) 9 The bibliography appended to the report does not represent, and is not intended to represent, an exhaustive compilation of all literature pertinent to hydrographic and meteorological aspects of the Great Lakes. It is included for the convenience of the reader, as a compilation of pertinent literature that has come to the attention of the investigators during the course of this study. 3. COMPILATION OF INFORMATION Most of the information relating to sources of data is of such nature that it can be readily tabulated. In Table 1 are listed sources of hydrographic and/or meteorological data that are located on the periphery of the Lakes. All meteorological stations located no farther than two miles from the lake shore are included in this table. Entries have been listed geographically, proceeding counterclockwise around each Lake, as noted in the table. In Table 2 are listed all those sources of meteorological data occurring within the Great Lakes drainage basin but located more than two miles from the nearest Great Lake. Geographical listing by state or province is shown. It is not feasible in Table 2 to list each station geographically, hence items have been entered alphabetically by state or province. Individual stations may be located by use of the included coordinates. To facilitate geographical orientation, a series of six orientation plates have been included, five within Table 1 and one preceding Table 2. Figures 2 through 6 depict the five Lakes: Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario. The St. Marys River appears in Figure 2, and the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, Detroit River, and Niagara River in Figure 6. Figure 7 shows the entire area of the Great Lakes drainage basin. All meteorological sources within this basin that have been ascertained by the present research are listed, partly in Table 1 and in all of Table 2; all hydrographic data sources on the periphery of the Lakes are listed as part of Table 1. In addition, station circles are shown in Figure 7 outside the drainage basin periphery. These are meteorological stations that are in close proximity to the basin periphery. They are listed as part of the present research since there are frequent occurrences where suitable data sources close to the periphery, but within the basin, are not available. Table 3 contains all those sources which, for specified reasons, had no usable data, or so few that they were considered unsuited to the purposes of this study. 10 4. SOURCES OF DATA Table 1. Onshore Data Resources A. Pagination The large volume of information pertinent to each data source has necessitated the use of two pages for each source. These appear on facing pages which are numbered consecutively. The information is presented in eight groups (five Lakes, three connecting waterways) beginning with Lake Superior and proceeding eastward. Data sources are listed geographically within each group beginning at an arbitrary point and proceeding counterclockwise around each Lake or through each of the waterways. Each data source location is numbered serially within its group, the number appearing in the first column of each facing page. Numbers identify the location on the second page where designation by name has been omitted. B. Agency and Contact In column 3, Agency refers to the particular organization which obtains data at the specific location designated in column 2; Contact refers to the person within the organization who should be consulted in regard to any data recorded. In the tabulations a contact is not given for stations whose records are available from some central compilation office, Agencies included in this category are as follows: 1. U, S. Weather Bureau First Order, Second Order and Cooperative stations, U, S. Naval Air Stations, and U. S. Air Force Bases. Data from these agencies are filed with and obtainable from the National Weather Records Center, Asheville, North Carolina. 20 Canadian Meteorological Division Class I, II, III, and c stations. Data from these agencies are filed with and obtainable from the Climatological Section, Meteorological Division, Department of Transport, Toronto, Ontario, 3. U. S. Lake Survey water level records, Data are obtainable from the U. S. Lake Survey Office, 630 Federal Building, Detroit 26, Michigan. 4. Canada Hydrographic Service water level records. Data are obtainable from the Dominion Hydrographer, Canadian Hydrographic Service, Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa, Ontario. 5, U, S. Coast Guard installations. With respect to collection of 11 12 meteorological and lake state data, Coast Guard installations are divided into two categories: those making regular reports every six hours to the U. So Weather Bureau, and those which take four-hourly observations; most of the latter are retained by the Coast Guard. Data from the former category are obtainable from the National Weather Records Center at Asheville, and from the latter are obtainable from U. S. Coast Guard Headquarters, Washington, D. C. Coast Guard station personnel retain copies of the meteorological logs for a period of twelve months; hence, data for any immediately preceding year may be obtained directly from the station in question. In Table 1, the sixhourly and four-hourly stations are so designated. 6. Naval Air Stations; U. S. Air Force Bases. Data are filed with and obtainable from the National Weather Records Center at Asheville. 7. Michigan municipal water treatment plants. All plant records are filed with the Michigan Department of Health. Information on Upper Peninsula plants may be obtained from the Michigan Department of Health, 19th Street and 13th Avenue North, Escanaba, Michigan. Information on Lower Peninsula plants is obtainable from the Michigan Department of Health, Division of Engineering, Lansing 4, Michigan. In Column 3 of Table 1, contacts for Michigan water treatment plants are indicated by either Escanaba or Lansing, to specify the data location. C. Modification of Contact Procedure In regard to municipal water treatment plants located in Ohio, a modified contact procedure is recommended. Chemical data obtained at the plants are filed with the Ohio State Department of Health at Columbus, but some physical data may be retained at plants and may be obtained directly from the individual plant operators. Initial inquiries should be addressed to the Chief Engineer, State Department of Health, 301 Ohio Departments Building, Columbus, Ohio. In Column 3 of Table 1, contacts for Ohio water treatment plants will indicate the name of the superintendent of the plant, followed by Columbus. D. Period of Record The number of years over which records are available has been ascertained for a large number of the located data sources. Under the period of record for a particular agency, a specific date followed by a dash indicates that data are available from that year to the present. Records pertaining to U. So Weather Bureau First and Second Order and Cooperative stations indicate the amount of data available in terms of total years. These are not necessarily consecutive years; hence, ascertainment of any missing record is accomplished only by examination of the complete history of the station in question. Accordingly, periods of record for U. S. Weather Bureau stations are entered in Table 1 as total years of data, and specific dates are not given. 13 An index and period of record listing for C.MD stations in Ontario were made available to the project subsequent to the Publication date. The index has been anpended to this report as Anoendix II; however, since the data had already been summarized for this report, Tables 1-5 and Figures 2-9 have not been changed to fit the new information in Anpendix II. Footnotec have been added at anolicable points to Tables 1 and 2 to call attention to this fact. Information of the lengths of records of U. S. Coast Guard installations is not readily available, but may be obtained for fourhourly stations from the Coast Guard Headquarters at Washington, D. C., and for six-hourly stations from the National Weather Records Center at Asheville. Water level records obtained from gaugings of the U. S. Lake Survey and Canadian Hydrographic Service are available back to 1860 for each Lake and for connecting waterways. The single exception is the St. Clair River, for which records are available back to 1898. The water level records are regularly published as monthly means, in both tabular and hydrograph form, for each Lake taken as a unit. Records for individual gauges are available only upon specific request. Periods of record vary among individual gauges, and hence the date 1860 does not necessarily refer to any particular gauge, but rather to average values for each Lake. United States water level data are available from the U. S. Lake Survey, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, 630 Federal Building, Detroit 26, Michigan. Canadian water level data are available from the Dominion Hydrographer, Canadian Hydrographic Service, Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa, Ontario. I The periods of record for some sources may vary internally, that is, different observations have been carried out for varying lengths of time. In such cases the notation "variable —see data" has been entered in the Period of Record column, and the appropriate dates have been entered in the individual parameter columns. In some of these cases, the period of record is known for some data, but not for others. In this event, observations known to be taken, but for which the period of record is unknown, are indicated by "(X)". The symbol "X" (not enclosed by parentheses) is used in two instances, 1) whenever it is known that the period of record is homogeneous for the observations taken; that is, whenever there is a single known period of record which embraces all the observations made at the particular station, and 2) whenever it is known that observations are made at the station, but the period of record is not known for any of them. Unmarked spaces in Table 1 indicate that, so far as it is known to the investigators, no observations are made of that parameter. 14 E. Data Many meteorological data are obtained by U. S. Weather Bureau First and Second Order stations, Canadian Meteorological Division Class I stations, U. S. Coast Guard installations, U. S. Naval Air Stations, and U. S. Air Force Bases. The distinctions between U. S. Coast Guard Stations, as far as their meteorological observations are concerned, are made on page 15. U. S. Naval Air Stations and Air Force Bases are equipped and staffed to record the data called for by WBAN (Weather Bureau-Air Force-Navy) Form 10; hence, for the purposes of this report, they are placed in the same classification as U. S. Weather Bureau First and Second Order stations. The distinctions between U. S. Weather Bureau First and Second Order stations are as follows: First Order stations are staffed by full-time Civil Service personnel. The stations may or may not operate 24 hours per day, they may or may not be equipped with full instrumentation, hence they may or may not take special or synoptic observations. Those First Order stations that do not operate at all times or take full observations are functionally important in the work of the Bureau; there are only one or two included in this report. Second Order stations are staffed by certificated personnel to take full synoptic weather observations; they may or may not be Civil Service personnel. Examples of Second Order stations are U. S. Coast Guard Stations and Civil Aeronautics Administration communications stations at airports otherwise without Weather Bureau personnel. A substation of the U. S. Weather Bureau is staffed by a volunteer individual or organization to make at least one observation per day. He is furnished with equipment to record precipitation and/or temperature extremes; he may or may not have equipment for measuring additional weather elements. This type of data source is referred to in this report as a USWB Cooperative. The Canadian Meteorological Division Class II station also fits this description. Canadian Class III stations are equipped only with a rain gauge; Canadian c stations are equipped only with a sunshine recorder and/or an anemometer. These stations are referred to in this report, respectively, as CMD' I, CMD II, CMD III, and CMD c. To avoid lengthy repetition of citing the data in the tabulations that are recorded by USWB First and Second Order stations, CMD Class I stations, and U. S. Coast Guard, Naval Air, and Air Force stations, the parameters taken by each group are specified below. In Table I, a page and paragraph reference is given in the Other column under Meteorological Data, referring to the following parameters measured at each station: 15 1. U. S. Weather Bureau First and Second Order stations, U. S. Naval Air Stations, U. S. Air Force Bases, and Canadian Meteorological Division Class I stations: ceiling height wind direction sky condition wind speed visibility air temperature present weather cloud types* obstructions to vision precipitation sea level pressure barometric tendency dew point unusual phenomena * Canadian Class I stations report cloud types in tenths of total sky covered; many record sunshine. 2. U. S. Coast Guard installations a. Six-hourly reporting stations (data transmitted to U. S. Weather Bureau every six hours): sky cover wind direction wind speed visibility present weather obstructions to vision past weather waves, direction from wave period wave height ice, kind ice thickness ice, effect on navigation ice, change air temperature temperature, wet bulb water temperature sea level pressure unusual phenomena b. Four-hourly reporting stations (data retained at Coast Guard Headquarters, Washington, D. C.): wind direction wind speed sea level pressure air temperature humidity water temperature present weather cloud types cloud direction cloud speed lake state F. Second Page The "second pages" of Table 1 are pertinent only to those installations which obtain hydrographic data. However, in order to maintain proper continuity, the serial numbers of all data sourcs, both meteorological and hydrographic, are entered on this page. The second column indicates the position in the Lake of the raw water intake. The first number refers to the distance (in feet) that the intake is located from the shore. The second number, enclosed in parentheses, indicates the depth of the intake below the surface of the water in feet. This indicated depth must be taken as only an approximate figure in most cases, due to the difficulty in ascertaining the actual reference level used in computing the depth. It is us'-illy the depth below mean lake level. 16 G. U. S. Public Health Service Special Study Certain water treatment plants on Lake Michigan are of particular interest in connection with a special study presently being conducted by the U. S. Public Health Service through its Chicago (Region V) offices. This study was prompted by the difficulty of many Lake Michigan plants to obtain effective water filtration, due primarily to intense seasonal plankton blooms. A portion of this study involves the identification of water quality conditions which contribute to the difficulty of obtaining proper filtration runs. In this connection, efforts are being made to standardize observation techniques utilized in the determination of chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of the raw water taken in by the various plants. The study is at present designed to extend through, and possibly beyond, 1958. During the period of the study, all participating plants will make the following observations, using a standard methodology prescribed by the U. S. Public Health Service: water temperature, air temperature, weather conditions, wind direction, wind speed, lake surface current direction, turbidity, pH, alkalinity, chlorine demand, and chlorine residual. Many of the cooperating plants obtained these observations prior to the initiation of the special study; a few expanded their operations to include them at least through the present year. Water treatment plants are involved at the following locations: Green Bay, Wisconsin; Sheboygan, Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Waukegan, Illinois; Evanston, Illinois; Chicago (South District Filtration Plant), Illinois; Gary-Hobart, Indiana; Michigan City, Indiana; Benton Harbor, Michigan; Holland, Michigan; Grand Rapids, Michigan; and Muskegon, Michigan. These plants are identified in Table I in the remarks column by the notation USPH cooperator. :SLATE IS. LT ORIENTATION CHART LAKE SUPERIOR ST MARYS RIVER PORT MICHIPICOTEN HARBOR GRAND PORTAGE 0 GRAND MICHIPICOTEN IS S CARIBOU IS. ~ STANNARD ROCK LT MOUNTAIN STATUTE MILES 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -46- 00 Figure 2. Orientation Chart, Lake Superior and St. Marys River l-, Table 1. Onshore Data Sources oo00 LAKE SUPERIOR (beginning at international boundary and proceeding counterclockwise).,, No. Meteorological Data Location Agency and Contact Period lf Record Wind Dir. Speed Air Pcpn. Tempo e - - Other ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ___ ____. ~. - - + - -- Grand Grand Portage, Minn. Marias, Minn. Grand Marias, Minn, Grand rofte, Silvei Marias, Minn., Minn.: Bay, Minn. USWB cooperative USCG Rock of Ages Light (4 hrly) USCG North Superior Lifeboat (6 hrly) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative Reserve Mining Co. E. W. Davis ater treatment plant A. A Jensen, Supt. Water treatment plant Z. W. Gustavson, City lerk USCG Two Harbors Light (4 hrly) USCG Split Rock Light (4 hrly) X x X X X X X X X 1955 -1955 - 50 16 variable see data variable see data X X X 1955- 1955 - p 15, 2b p 15, 2b pressure, 1955 -p 15, 2b p 15, 2b Silver Bay, Minn. Two Harbors, Minn. two Harbors, Minn. Two Harbors, Minn. 1955 -X X 1955 - x x X X No. Intake location (ft) r r r HydroRraphic Data Water temp. Raw treated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other - * I I I I4.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 680 (50) 525 (52) 1955 -1954 -(X) 1955 - 1955 - 1956 -1954 -(X) 1955 - plankton (once/ year), 1956 -lake level 1954 lake level 1955 No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meteorological Data. Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. O Other -4~~ ~ 4 4 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Two Harbors, Minn. Two Harbors, Minn. Duluth, Minn. Duluth, Duluth, Duluth, Duluth, Minn. Minn. Minn. Minn. USWB cooperative U. S. Lake Survey Water treatment plant A. V. Biele, Chemist USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USCG Superior Entry Lifeboat (6 hrly) USWB First Order Minnesota Power & Light Co. Hubbell Carpenter, Vice Pres. & Ch. Engr. U. S. Lake Survey Superior Water, Light, and Power Co. W. R. Olsen, Ch. Engr. USWB cooperative USWB cooperative USCG Devils Island Light (4 hrly) 65 1948 - X X X x 80 X X Duluth, Minn. Superior, Wisc. Superior, Wisc. Port Wing, Wisc. Bayfield, Wisc. p 15, 2b p 15, 2a p 15, 1 weather p 15, 2b 1942 -50 12 X X No. Intake location (ft\ Hvdrogravhic Data r I " - t - Water temp. Raw Tratled Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria r'n1 i Tn-t 1 Remarks Other | \ __' I -1 i i i 1V |, iI C-on- I I-,l 11 12 13 14 15 16 1500 (65) slip at shoreline, 12 ft deep x x X X X X lake level (cont.) NH3, Diss. 02, Total Fe, BOD, Plankton (see remarks) lake level (cont.) Plankton studies during 1939, 40, 41 I 17 18 19 20 21 22 Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact of Period ' Record Wind Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. -- Dir. Other I 4- 41 I 4 4 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Bayfield, Wisco Bayfield, Bayfield, Bayfield, Madeline Ashland,, Wisc., Wisc., Wisc. Is., Wisc. Wisc. Ashland, Wisc. Ashland, Wisc. Ashland, Wisc. White Pine, Mich. Ontonagan, Mich. Ontonagan, Mich. USCG Outer Island Light (4 hrly) USCG Mooring (4 hrly) USCG La Pointe Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative USWB cooperative Water treatment plant J. A. Snow, Mgr. Lake Superior District Power Co., K. S. Austin, Ch. Engr. USCG Light (4 hrly) Water Treatment Plant (White Pine Copper Co.) (Escanaba) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative X x X x 38 14 variable see data "many years" 1949 -variable see data 1916 -38 x X (X) X x x x x X X X 55 X 1955 -X p 15, 2b K x 58 x x p p 15, 2b 15, 2b 1956 -1956 - X p 15, 2b cloud cover, 1952 No. Intake location (ft) Hvdroeraphic Data I — ~- 1..-~. I Water temp. Raw Treated Alko pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other I. 4 4 I 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 2000 (22) slip on W. side of plant (X) (X) (X) intake water artificially heated in winter -- (30) 1952 - 1955 - 1954 - 1954 - 1952 - 1954 - color, 1952 fluoride, 1955 34 Meteoroloeical Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir. Speed _ _ _ _ _ _ Air Temp. Pcpn. Other -4. t t ~~ 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 Portage, Mich. Houghton-Keweenaw, Mich Calumet, Mich. Calumet, Mich. Eagle Harbor, Mich. Copper Harbor, Mich. Manitou Island, Mich. Keweenaw (Chassell), Mich. Lower Entry, Mich. Baraga, Mich. Baraga, Mich. L'Anse, Mich. L'Anse, Mich. USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) USCG Houghton-Keweenaw Light (4 hrly) Calumet & Heckla water treatment plant (Escanaba) Tamarack water treatment plant (Escanaba) USCG Light (6 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey USWB cooperative Water treatment plant (Escanaba) Water treatment plant (Escanaba) USWB cooperative X x X X X x p p 15, 2a 15, 2b variable see data 1955 -16 1955- 1955 -X X X X X X X x 16 1955 -variable see data 20 x x x x x x x p 15, p 15, 2b 2b p 15, 2a X X 1950 - No. Intake location (ft) -~ ~ ~ - -- Water temp. Raw treated Alk. pH Hvdroeranhic Data Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other I! _ _ _ _ 14 4 --- 4 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 900 (12) 350 (16) — (16) 1000 (48) 1955 -X X 1954 - 1956 -X 1956 - 1955 -X X 1955 - weekly temps 1950-; weekly coli. 1950 -weekly turbidity and coliform 1950 -hourly temps, but unreliable thermometer lake level (tri-daily) color, 1956 - 1956 - 47 Meteorolozical Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record I u-4. Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other - 4 I 4.I ** I -~ I 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Huron Mountain, Micho Stannard'Rock, Micho Marquette, Mich. Marquette, Mich. Marquette, Marquette, Mich. Mich. Marquette, Mich. Marquette, Mich, USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB First Order USCG Passage Island Light (6 hrly) U.S. Lake Survey Northern Mich. Coll. of Ed., Geography Dept. Water treatment plant (Escanaba) Cliffs Dow Chemical R. W Jenner, Vice Pres and Gen. Mgro USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Water treatment plant (Escanaba) Munising Paper Co. P. A. Haag, Plant Engr. USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) 87 x x x X X x variable see data 1957 -62 1955 - X x x x X X X 1953 -X X X X p D 15, 15. 2b 1 r -- I - p 15, 2a pressure, rel hum., dew pt. p 15, 2b p 15, 2b Marquette, Munising, 1 Munising, 1 Mich. Mich. Mich. X X X Munising, Mich. Munising, Mich. x X Other lake level (cont 1000 (68)1 1953 - 1955- 1 1953 - 1951 - recording thermograph 700 (20) X -- (50)1 X X 450 (40)1 X ro.,) ~ — o Meteoroloeical Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meerloia Dat Co — Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn, Other - I I- I- 41 *- J - I 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 ** Au Sable (Grand arais), Mich. Grand Marais, Mich. Witefish Point, Mich. Whitefish Point, Mich. Caribou Island, Ont. ichipicoten Harbor, Ont. Heron Bay, Ont. Marathon, Ont. Marathon, Ont. Slate Island, Ont. Terrace Bay, Ont. Schreiber, Ont. See Appendix II, p. 160. USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Light (6 hrly) Canada Dept. of Transport (lighthouse) CMD II Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD II CMD II Marathon Paper Co. Colin MacMillan Canada Dept. of Transport (lighthouse) Kimberly-Clark Paper Co. J. Wade, Tech. Supt. CMD II variable see data variable see data ** ** 1947 -variable see data 1909 - X X X X X X 16 16 X X X X 49 49 X 53 X X X 49 51 53 X X solid cover only 49 p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2a sunshine 14, weather pressure, 1954 weather cloud cover) No. Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data Watej temp. Raw ITreated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other 1- 1 4 4. 4 4. _____ 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 1600 (30) 1600 (34) X hourly 1948 - X i/mo. X 1/mo. X 1/mo. X l/wk. Ca,Mg,Fe,Cl,S04, 1/mo. plankton, 1955 chem data available from J.F.J. Thomas, Head, Ind. Waters Sec., Ind Mins. Div., Dept. Mines & Tech. Surveys, Ottawa, Ont. 55-56 72 Meteorological Data — ^ --- —-`- ---s No, Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Soeed Air T.emo Fcpn, Other Dir..... -I -- I 73 74 75 76 77 78 Port Arthur, Onto Port Arthur, Ont, Fort William, Ont, Isle Royale, Mich, Isle Royale, Mich, Passage Island, Mich. Water treatment plant, Public Utilities Comm, E. A. Vigars, Mgro 1938 - X Canadian Service Hydrographic CMD I Mott Is. tive (USWB coopera ** 18 20 X X x X x X X X x X date of ice formation; weather p 15, 1 p 15, 2a Washington Harbor (USWB cooperative) USCG Light (6 hrly) ** She Appendix II, p. 160. X X No. Intake location (ft.) Water temp. Raw [Treated Turbo Hydrographic Data Hard. Alk, pH Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other - 4 4 4. 4 4 4. 4 I 73 74 75 76 77 78 2400 (25) x complete chemical analysis of raw water made JulyAugust, 1950 ater level, save height ST. MARYS RIVER J JMeteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Record peed Te. Pcpna Other -ir___- Si d Air 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. 1955- 1955 - Sault Sault Sault Sault Sault Sault Ste. Ste. Ste. Ste. Ste. Ste. Marie, Marie, Marie, Marie, Marie, Mar ie, Mich. Mich. Mich. Ont. Ont. Ont. Water treatment plant (Escanaba) USWB First Order USCG Lansing Shoal Light (6 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey CMD II CMD II (Insectary) Canadian Hydrographic Service USCG Light (4 hrly) variable see data 70 X X X X X X X ** ** (ice thickness) p 15, 1 IP 15, 2a p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b Point Iioquois (Brimley), Mich. Point Iroquois, Mich. Little Rapids Cut (Sault Ste. Marie), Mich. Middle Neebish Cut (Barbeau), Mich. U. S. Lake USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) Survey Attendant Attendant x x x x x x ** See Appendix II, p. 160. IIntake ___ Hydrographic Data No. location Water tempo Bacteria Remarks Alko pH Turbo Hard. Other (ft) Raw Treated Coli. Total I reaTot. ard. I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1300 (42) (X) 1950 - 1950 - coli. basis since on daily only 1957 period of record not entirely ascertained water level (cont.) water level (cont.) water level (cont.) 11 Period Meteorological Data Period. --- —No. Location Agency and Contact of Record Wind Air p Other Dir. Speed Temp. 12 Dunbar, Mich. USWB cooperative 16 X X 13 Detour, Mich. USCG Light (4 hrly) -- X X X p 15, 2b 14 Detour, Mich. USCG Light Attendant -- X X X p 15, 2b (4 hrly) 15 Detour, Mich. USWB cooperative 28 X 16 Detour, Mich. U. S. Lake Survey No. Intake location (ft). - -...L - Aaa li-r-nrrn - -l4- n t i - Water temp. Raw rreated Alk, pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli.lTotal Other Remarks - I Y t I*.9 4.1 4.4 12 13 14 15 16 water level (cont.) 37 44OC STATUTE MILES 0 10 20 30 40 g0 * MUSKEGON * MUSKEGON HTS. GRAND HAVEN * GRAND RAPIDS * HOLLAND Figure 3. Orientation Chart, Lake Michigan W Co LAKE MICHIGAN (beginning on the north shore at the Straits of Mackinac and proceeding counterclockwise) Period.Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact of Record Wind Air P O -.. -...__.D___ir, Speed Tempo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Brevort, Mich. Port Inland, Mich, Seul Choix Point (Gulliver), Mich, Manistique, Mich. Manistique, Mich, Fayette Sack Bay, Mich. Gladstone, Mich, Escanaba, Mich, Escanaba, Mich. Escanaba, Mich, Minneapolis Shoal, Mich Menominee, Mich. USWB USWB USCG cooperative cooperative Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Water treatment plant (Escanaba) USWB First Order USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (Escanaba) USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant USCG Light (4 hrly) 5 5 22 38 variable see data 87 variable see data variable see data x X X x x 1935 -X 1935 - X X x X (X) X X 1953 -X ca 1880 -X X X 1957 -X X 19 X X >46 -X x x x ca 1880 - p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 1 p!5, 2b p 15, 2b ice formation & dissipation ca 1880 -p 15, 2b ca 1880 -X 13 Menominee, Mich. Intake _Hydrographic Data____ No. location Water temp Bactri Remarks (ater Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Other Raw Lreated I I Coli. Total_ 1 2 1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1500 (35) 1955 - 1954 -1948 -1945 - color, 1954 -odor, 1948-; color, 1948 -color, 1945 - -- ( —) conflicting info. 1953 -1945 - 1953 -1951 - 1953 -1945 - 1954 -1945 - 1953 -Q?) 1948 -1945 - w %O No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meteoroloeical Data o Meteoro1oica1 Data 0 T Wind Snf1 rA Air Tomr Pcpn. Other Dir I i I- - _. I __ I I.. I 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Marinette, Wisco Marinette, Wisc. Oconto, Wisc. Green Green Green Bay, Wisc. Bay, Bay, Wise. Wisc. Water treatment plant USWB cooperative USWB cooperative Water treatment plant A. Marx, Chemist USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light Attendant (4 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) 40 variable see data 1957 - X X X X X X Green Bay, Wisc. Sherwood Point (Sturgeon Bay), Wisc. Chambers Island (Fish Creek), Wisc. Plum Island, Wisc. (c/o Washington Is.) Pilot Island (Washington Is.), Wisc. St. Martin Island (Washington Is.), Wisc. X 69 x x X X X x X X weather p p 15, 2b 15, 2b X 48 X X x X X X x X x X p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b No., Hvdrogranhin Dntn Intake l ocation (f t - * 4 - _ __ __ _____ Water temp. Raw I Treate( Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Colt. I Total Remarks Other ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 6000 (47) X X X X X X X intake in L. Michigan approx. 3 mi N of Kewaunee; USPH cooperator lake level (cont.) No, Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meteorological Data Wind Air Ppn ther Dir. Speed Temp, 4. 41. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Poverty Is. lso), Wisc, Washington I Sturgeon Bay (Washington.5,, Wisc, '. Wisce Sturgeon Bay, Wisc. Sturgeon Bay, Wisce Algoma, Wisc. Kewaunee, Wisco Kewaunee, Wise, Rawley Point (Two Rivers), Wisc, Two Rivers, Wisce Two Rivers, Wise. Manitowoc, Wisc. Manitowoc, Wisc, USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) U, SO Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (USWB cooperative) USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative X X var see 14 iable data X X x X X 46 x 61 X X X X X 8 X X 75 X 54 X 8 96 p 15, 2b p 15, 2b X X X X p 15, p 15, p 15, 2b 2b 2b variable see data variable see data X X X X p 15, 2b p 15, 2b No. Intake location (ftt) Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb. I Hard. Hydrographic Data Bacteria! Coli. I Total Remarks Other 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 lake level (cont.) 6123 (33) 1933 - 1933 - 1933 - 1933 - 4 -w Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wi nd Diro SDeed r, - Air Temo Pcpn. Other - 4 4 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Sheboygan, Wise. Water treatment plant. C. Blabaum, Plant Supt. Sheboygan, Sheboygan, Wise, Wisco USCG USWB Lifeboat (4 hrly) cooperative Port Washington, Port Washington, Port Washington, Milwaukee, Wisc. Wisce Wisce Wise. Milwaukee, Wisc. Milwaukee, Wisc. Milwaukee, Wisco Milwaukee, Wise.!Cudahy, Wisc. Water treatment plant USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Water treatment plant To E. Dolan, Chemist USWB cooperative USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) USWB First Order City U. S. Lake Survey Water treatment plant J. J. Tiry, Director Pub. Works 1.931 -variable see data 1949 -19 variable see data 7 84 1954 - X X X x x X x x 62 x x 1-938 x x x x weather, lake current diro during 19.58 1.5, 2b 60 X X X 1958 1958 p 15, 2b weather, lake current dir. 1958 X x X X 2 15, 2a 15, 1 X X Hydrographic Data No. Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw iTrat-drl Alk. pH Turb, Hard. Remarks Bacteria Coli ITotal Other - I ~ 4 - - 4. 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 5000 (-) 1800 (-) 3450 (32) 6500 (67) 2400 (24) 5000 ft intake used most USPH cooperator USPH cooperator x x x x x K plankton lake level (cont.) Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir. Speed Air Temn Pcpn. Other - ~ Temo 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 -76 77 78 79 80 Wind Point, Wisc. Racine, Wisc. Racine, Wisc. Kenosha, Wisc. Kenosha, Wisc. Waukegan, Ill. Waukegan, Ill. Waukegan, Ill. Waukegan, ill. Waukegan, Ill. Highland Park, Ill. USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant G. H. Ruston, Mgr. USWB cooperative USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative North Shore Sanitary Dist,, R. E. Anderson, Chem-Engr. (a) Waukegan Disposal Plant (b) 20 obs. pts. between Wisc. & Cook Co., Ill., borders Water treatment plant H. C. Domke, Supt. USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant 1930 -variable see data 16 variable see data 1948 -1928 -35 1929 - x x X X X 1947 - x x 65 x x x x x x p 15, 2b 62 X liquid 1938-; solid 1947 -1952 X p 15, 2b er lake cloud cov 1947-48 weather, condition X X X X atmos. cond. lake level p 15, 2b atmos. cond. X X No. Intake location (ft) - ~ ~ Water temp. Raw ITrat-ed Alk. Turb. Hydrographic Data pH Hard. Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other - ai I 4 41 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 -76 77 78 79 80 3960 (40) -- ( —) 3400 (23) 2000 (25) x x x x x x x x x locations of 3bs. pts. obtainable from R. E. Anderson JSPH cooperator x x -, -4J O0: No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record _ _ Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Meteorological Data Other I I 14 4 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 Wilmette, Evanston, Evanston, Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Ill. Ill. Ill. Ill. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Jackson Park (Chicago), Ill. USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Water treatment plant H. R. Frye, Supt. USWB cooperative USWB First Order City Chicago Univ. USWB cooperative Loyola Univ. USWB cooperative Chicago Lakeview Pump. St (USWB cooperative) Chicago Sanitary Dist. Off. (USWB cooperative) South Dist. Filtration Plt. (USWB cooperative) J. R. Baylis, Engr. of Water Purification USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) 1913 -17 88 87 25 X x X x X X X X x x x x x K x K 1. 25 32 p 15, 2b p 15, 1 p 15, 2b p 15, 2b 1945 - x x K K K K No. Intake location (ft) - - Water temp. Raw Treated Hydrographic Data Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other - 4 6 I-.... L 1 6 — I IL 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 x 5690 (16) -- ( —) x x x x x x x K K K plankton plankton, lake level USPH cooperator USPH cooperator X l No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meteorological Data Wind Air Pcpn Other Dir, Sneed Temp. on o -.1 4. 4~ + 4 4 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 South Chicago, Ill. Hammond, Indo Whiting, Ind. Whiting, Ind. Indiana Harbor, Ind. Gary, Ind. Gary, Ind. (Gary-Hobart) Gary, Ind. Gary, Ind. Ogden Dunes, Ind. Michigan City, Ind. USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Water treatment plant M. Papach, Act. Supt. USWB cooperative Water treatment plant M, H. Abraham, Supt. USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Water- treatment plant H. L. Plowman, Jr., Ch. Chem. U, S. Steel; T. W. Hunter, Gen. Supt.; D. T. Seaman, Div. Supt. of Power & Fuel Northern Ind. Public Serv. Co., D, H. Mitchell Plant, E. B. Heise, Mgr. Electric Production USWB cooperative Water treatment plant D. Ungareit, P1. Supt. 1936 -48 1955 -22 1954 -variable see data Dec. 1956 -7 1935 - X X X x X x x X x x x x x x x Ix p 15, 2b visibility -- x x x p 15, 2b atmos. cond. X X I X No. Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data Water temp. Raw ITreated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bactria Coli. Total Other Remarks I. -,, - - -- -- - 93 94 95 1)5000(24) 2)1934(17) 3)1400(15) 96 1696 (16) 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 X x x X X 1950 -X X odor; face lake sur ca 6000 (35-38) 1) 2900 (6-16) 2) 100 (-) shoreline (6) 3000 (35) X 1953 - X plankton, color, odor 3a, Mg, non-C03 salts, 1953 -unspecified chem. anal.;water level intakes: 1) used all yr; 2) & 3) used ay-Sept. USPH cooperator 2 intakes at same location; 24" & 42"diam. USPH cooperator X ul k Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind TDr. Sn-MP Air TPmn Mo Data Pcpn. Other I I.. -... I. O i I In. I 104 Michigan City, Ind. 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 Michigan City, Ind. St. Joseph, Mich. St. Joseph, Mich. Benton Harbor, Mich. Benton Harbor, Mich. Pilgrim Haven, Mich. South Haven, Mich. South Haven, Mich. South Haven, Mich. South Haven, Mich. olland, Mich. Northern Ind. Public Serv. Co., Michigan City Plant; E. B. Heise, Mgr. Electric Production USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB cooperative C. W. Shinn USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB cooperative Municipal power plant Roy Ewers, Mgr. Water treatment plant (Lansing) 1931 -1952 -1951 -75 3 1926 -63 1915 -1957 - X X - i,. - 6 X- X X X X X X x x X X X x x x p 15, 2b p 15, 2a pressure p 15, 2a pressure X Hydrographic Data No. Intake location (ft) I I I I I I II Water temp Alk. Raw Treated pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total —. Remarks Other - -,- -.- -. - - I 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 112 114 115 shoreline (14) 1500 (25) 3500 (28) 5600 (35) 4360 (46-50) K K K K K K K K K x K K K K K K K X x K K x K K K unspecified chem. anal., water level odor odor color, odor plankton, odor, C03, diss. C2, C03 USPH cooperator USPH cooperator En W Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp Pcpn. Other - I 9It. 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 Holland, Mich. Grand Rapids, Mich. Grand Haven, Mich, Grand Haven, Mich. Grand Haven, Mich. Muskegon Heights, Mich Muskegon, Mich. USCG Moorings (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative Water treatment plant (Lansing) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB First Order USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) USCG Moorings (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB cooperative USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative X X X 1912 -16 88 1941 -1937 -62 X X X p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 1 p 15, 2a p 15, 2b weather p 15, 2b Muskegon, Muskegon, I Pentwater, Ludington, Ludington, Ludington, Ludington, Mich. Mich. Mich. Mich. Mich. Mich. Mich. x x x x X X x 1954 - X X 62 No, Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw Treated pH Turb. Hydrographic Data Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Other Remarks 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 6100 (57) 4600 (42) 7000 (50) 2600 (45) x x x x x x x X x x x x x x x x plankton, Mg, Cl, color color, odor Fl, C1, color, odor USPH cooperator IUSPH cooperator x x x x x X x I an CY, Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record - - Wind Air Speed Temp. IPcpn. Other Dir. -4i - -. 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 Ludington, Mich. Big Sable Point (Ludington), Mich. Manistee, Mich. Manistee, Mich. Elberta, Mich. Frankfort, Mich. Point Betsie, Mich. Glen Arbor, Mich. South Manitou Is., Mich. North Manitou Is., Mich. North Manitou Is., Mich. North Manitou Shoals (Leland), Mich. Grand Traverse Northport), Mich. U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) x x x JSWB JSCG USWB USCG USCG USWB USCG cooperative Lifeboat (4 hrly) cooperative Lifeboat (4 hrly) Light (6 hrly) cooperative Light (6 hrly) 63 56 4 4 p 15, 2b p 15, 2b X x x X x X x p p 15, 2b 15, 2a X X x x x JSWB cooperative USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) p 15, 2a p 15, 2b p 15, 2b X X X X No, Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data - -- -- Water tempo Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other - 1 1 1.1 J. - I I A l 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 lake level (conto) -n -1 No. Period of Record Meteorological Data cn co, T-, ----- Location Agency and Contact,Dir. Wind Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other -I.I - -I, _ -- - I 4 I 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 Traverse City, Mich. Traverse City, Mich. Traverse City, Mich. Charlevoix, Mich. Charlevoix, Mich. Petoskey, Mich. Petoskey, Mich. Little Traverse (Harbor Springs), Mich. Cross Village, Mich. White Shoal (Cross Village), Mich. Lansing Shoal, Mich. Grays Reef (Charlevoix), Mich. Ile Aux Galets (Charlevoix), Mich. Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB Second Order CAA AP Naval Air Station USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Penn-Dixie Portland Cement Co., G. Davis, Supt. USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) 1954 -64 1942-1945 71 X X X X X X 6 X X X USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (6 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) X x X X X X X X X X p 15, 1 p 15, 1 p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2a p 15, 2b p 15, 2b No. Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb, Bacteria Hard. Coli. Total Remarks Other -i 4. 4 4. 4-1.4 I 4 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 1700 (34) 50 (6) x x X x 0 Meteorological Data No Location Agency and Contact Period )f Record -~ ---- ''U --- —--— Wind Dir. Air Temp, Pcpn Ocher Speed 4 p ~ 156 157 158 159 160 161 Beaver Is., Mich. Beaver Is., Mich. Beaver Is., Mich. Gull Is., Mich. South Fox Is., Mich. Shoe Island, Mich, USCG iUSCG USWB USCG USCG USWB Light (4 hrly) Lifeboat (4 hrly) cooperative Light (4 hrly) Light (4 hrly) cooperative X X X X x X x X X X x X X X P P 15, 2b 15, 2b X X p 15, p 15, 2b 2b Hvdroaraohic Data No, Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw ITreated Alk. pH Turb. -~______ —. + i - -- t-f 1' vrorocDt Hard Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other I, ~. l-........- - 1 1! V 156 157 158 159 160 161 0' 1 — i I 81100' G E 0 R G I A N.THUNDER BAY B A Y L A K E SOUTHAMPTON H U R O N SAGINAW- MIDLANDDOW CHEM!CAL INTAKE ORIENTATION CHART LAKE HURON BAY STATUTE MLES 0 1I 20 30 40 50 60 Figure 4. Orientation Chart, Lake Huron LAKE HURON (starting at international boundary at False Detour Passage and proceeding counterclockwise) 0I,T Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir, Speed Air Temp... 1 -- r Pcpn. Other I I I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Martin Reef, Mich. St. Ignace, Mich. Mackinac Is., Mich. Mackinac Is., Mich. Mackinaw City, Mich. Mackinaw City, Mich, Cheboygan, Mich. Cheboygan, Mich. Poe Reef (Cheboygan), Mich. Spectacle Reef (Cheboygan), Mich. Forty Mile Point (Rogers City), Mich. Rogers City, Mich. USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant (Escanaba) Water treatment plant (Escanaba) USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB.cooperative U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative variable see data variable see data 68 69 X 1951 -X X x x x x x x x x x x x 1956 -X X X x x x x X X X x x p 15, 2b weather (recent data) p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2b I 7 ~ No. Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb. Hydrographic Data Hard. Bacteria Coli. ITotal Other Remarks -4 44141 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 before 1955: 225 (13) since 1955: 480 (20) -- ( —) 1951 - 1952- 1952 - 1950 -1946 - temps prior to 1951 obs. with unreliable thermometer 1957 - lake level (cont.i 8 9 10 11 12 Ln i Meteorological Data No Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Air Speed Temp. Pcpn Other Dir. 1 - - - -. -.I --- ---— ~I --- —~ --- — --- —-- 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Rogers City, Mich, Presque Isle, Mich. Middle Is. (Alpena), Mich. Thunder Bay Is. (Alpena), Mich. lpena, Mich. lpena, Mich. Mich, Limestone and Chem. Div., U.S. Steel D. T, Van Zandt, Mgr. USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light (6 hrly) USWB First Order Water treatment plant (Lansing) USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USWB cooperative USCG Tawas Point Lifeboat (6 hrly) Water treatment plant (Lansing) Dow Chemical Co. M. Whiting, Mgr., Service Depts. "Several years" - - 86 1945 -79 64 L - X x X X p 15, p 15, 2b 2b X X p 15, 2a X X X Alpena, Mich. Harrisville, Mich. East Tawas, Mich. Tawas City, Mich. Saginaw-Midland intake, Mich. Midland, Mich. K X K K K K K x K K p 15, 1 p 15, 2b p 15, 2a rel. humid. 1948 -1949 - No. Intake location (ft) —, —rJ; r --- —- -E-l --- Water temp. Raw Treated Turb Hvdroeraohic Data Alk. pH Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Other Remarks.I - * i & 13 14 15 shoreline (6) X 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2000 (10) x x x x x x x X x x K x X; "chemical anal." of raw water made once per year color free C02, Mg, C1, color 1, SO4, Si, Na Whitestone Pt., north shore Saginaw Bay; (40) (see remarks) X X X same intake Saginaw-Midland I - as ON To Meteorolo-ical Data No, Location Agency and Contact Period of Record -— ~~ -- T-i-.~ --- —- ~ Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other I I. II - 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Pinconning, Mich. Bay City, Mich. Bay City, Bay City, Mich. Mich. Bay City, Mich. Sebewaing, Mich. Harbor Beach, Mich. Water treatment plant (Lansing) Water treatment plant (Lansing) USWB cooperative USCG Saginaw River Range Light (6 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey USWB cooperative Water treatment plant (Lansing) U. S. Lake Survey USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey U. S. Lake Survey Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD II 1948 -1925 -63 X X 2 1937 - x x 32 33 34 Harbor Beach, Mich. Harbor Beach, Mich. Lakeport, Mich. X X X MX x X X 57 p 15, 2a p 15, 2b - -* X X 35 Fort Gratiot, Mich. 36 Point Edward, Ontario 37 Goderich, Ontario ** See Appendix II, p. 160. variable see data ** Hvdroeraohic Data No. Intake location (ft) Water temp. IAk. Raw Treated Turb. pH Hard. ____ ___ *~ - —. Bacteria Coli. ITotal Remarks Other 4 I I 4 4 4 - — I~~ 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 5400 (6) 18480 (19) x x x x x x x x x x x X x x A X x Cl, odor Mg, C1, free CO2, color, odor lake level (cont. color, odor lake level (cont. lake level (cont.) lake level (cont.) lake level (cont.) 2600 (14) C0 iN INo. I. Meteorological Data. C, Meeoolgia Daa Location Agency and Contact Period 3f Record Wind )ir,. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other t I~ t'~~-!38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Goderich, Ontario Southampton, Ontario Tobermory, Ontario Wiarton, Ontario Owen Sound, Ontario Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD II CMD II CMD CMD I II Collingwood, Collingwood, Ontario Ontario 45 Midland, Ontario 46 Victoria Harbor, Ont. 47 Waubaushene, Ontario 48 Parry Sound, Ontario 49 Kagawong, Ontario 50 Gore Bay, Ontario ** See Appendix II, p. 160. CMD II Canadian Service CMD III CMD III iCMD II CMD II Hydrographic variable see data variable see data ** variable see data **: ** ** ** variable see data **.** X X 28 28 81 43 X 76 X X 63 X X 81 43 X 76 X X X 63 X ~ X p 15, 1 p 15, 1 1 28 28 CMD II CMD I X X No. 38 39 40 41 42 Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb, Hard. Bacteria Coli. [Total Remarks Other 9~~- 9- I 9 t lake level (cont. lake level (cont., 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 No. Location Agency and Contact PeriodI Win of Record Dir. peed,Dir. Speec Air Temp. I Pcpn. Meteorological Data I Other,, - - -. 51 52 53 Gore Bay, Ontario Blind River, Ontario Thessalon, Ontario CMD II CMD II Canadian Hydrographic Service variable 10 see data variable see data 10 - 43 15 1 i43 1 15.. 7 Remarks flake level (cont. II, 1; Ii i 1 i I I I i i i I -.1 w '00' ROBERTS PORT STI MOUNT CLEMENS ~ CLEAR? \ MINGTON ORIENTATION CHART EAST ST CLAIR RIVER -LAKE ST. CLAIR-DETROIT RIVER LAKE ERIE NIAGARA RIVER. ELYRIA STATUTE MILES 0 10 20 30 40 50 '0' L.n Figure 5. Orientation Chart, Lake Erie (including St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, Detroit River, and Niagara River) ST. CLAIR RIVER-LAKE ST. CLAIR-DETROIT RIVER (starting at the southern extreme of Lake Huron) -I *"t rs Period of Record Meteorological Data --... No. Location Agency and Contact Wind Dir. Air Temp. Pcpn. Other Speed 4. ~. I 1 2 3 4 4a 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Port Huron, Mich. Port Huron, Mich. Port Huron, Mich. Sarnia, Ontario 5arnia, Ontario Marysville, Mich. St. Clair, Mich. Roberts Landing, Mich. Port Lambton, Ontario Algonac, Mich. Harsens Is., Mich. Mt. Clemens, Mich. Water treatment plant (Lansing) U. S. Lake Survey USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) Polymer Corp., Ltd. I. C. Rush, Mgr., Tech. Div. CMD II Detroit Edison Plant W. W- Williams, Mgr. of Operations, Detroit Detroit Edison Plant W. W. Williams, Mgr. of Operations, Detroit U. S. Lake Survey Canadian Hydrographic Service U. S. Lake Survey U. S. Lake Survey Water treatment plant (Lansing) 1954 -variable see data variable see data 1953 -possibly earlier 1953 -possibly earlier 1929 - X 1949 - x 1949 -3 X 1949 -41 1949 -41 p 15, 2a cloud cover, 1949 -pressure, 19,;7 - 3 X Intake _Hydrographic Data No. location Water temp. Bacteria Remarks Raw Treate ___ Coli.I Total_ _ Rali Total..... 1 2 3 -- ( —) X 4 ha 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1956 -X X water level (cont water level water level water level (bi-daily) water level (cont.) water level (cont.) water level (tri-daily) color, odor ) water temp. records discarded after two yrs. 5000 (16) X X X X X -i,J No. Location Agency and Contact II Period |of Record Wind Speed Air Temp. Meteorological Data Pcpn, Other Dir:.. -. -. 9- -.9. 1 12 13 Mt. Clemens, Micho St Clair Flats (Sans Souci), Mich, JSelfridge Air Force jUSCG Light (4 hrly) 1Water treatment pla& (Lansing) Base 59 x x x x 14 1 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 -24 Grosse Mich. Point Farms, nt 1931-:. I Grosse Point, Mich. Windmill Point, Mich. Tecumseh, Ontario Windsor, Ontario Windsor, Ontario Detroit, Mich. Detroit, Mich.!U. S. Lake Survey X x 1930 -1930 - x U. S. Lake Survey Canadian Hydrographic Service Water treatment plant G. H. Strickland, Supt. Hydro-Electric Power Comm. of Ontario, J. C. Keith, Plant R. Shepley, Sta. Supt. Water treatment plant (Water Works Park) (Lansing) Detroit Edison Plants: Conners Creek, Delray, River Rouge, Trenton Channel W. W. Williams Mgr. of Oper., Detroit variable see data p 15, 1 p 15, 2b variable see data 1924 - x 1953 -possibly No. Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data I V - — * - S I Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria I Coli. ITotal Other I i i Remarks -. * *. -;, - -- -- 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 -24 2000 (14 -16) 1926-1954: 350 (40) 1954-: 300 (40) see remks. -- (26) X X X 1950 -1955 -X X 1950 - X 1928 - X 1930 - X 1930 -X odor water level (cont.) water level (cont.) water level (cont.) taste, odor, 1928 plankton, 1930 -water level, 1956 C1, conductivity, 1955 - alk, pH reported rarely Lntake is chan bel dredged ca 15 ft deep 140 Et from shore 1930 -1952 -X 1950 - 1955 - 1955 - X X X odor, plank water level ton -ED '.0 No. Meteorological Data o 0 Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Air Dir, Speed Temp. Pcpn. Other 4.. 44I - 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Detroit, Mich. La Salle, Ontario Wyandotte, Mich, Wyandotte, Mich. Wyandotte, Mich, elle Isle, Mich. rosse Ile, Mich. ibraltar, Mich. ibraltar, Mich. U. S. Lake Survey Canadian Hydrographic Service Water treatment plant (Lansing) Wyandotte Chemical Corp. J. F. Hunter, Pollution Control Engineer U. S. Lake Survey USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Naval Air Station U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) 1946 -variable see data 1942 - X X pressure, cloud cover X X X x x x x p 15, p 15, 2b 1 X x x p 15, 2b No.1 Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data Water temp. Raw Treate~ Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 X 1800 (25) X 1950 - X 1937 - x X 1937 - water level (cont.) water level (cont.) C1, Fl, odor X X total bact. discont. afte 1956 C1, Ca, 1937 - water level (cont.) water level (cont.) 33 LAKE ERIE (starting on United States side at mouth of Detroit River and proceeding counterclockwise) Meteorological Data No, Location Agency and Contact Perod ind Air of Record Dir Speed Temp Pcpn. Other Dir, Speed Temp. Monroe, Mich, Monroe, Mich. Monroe, Mich. Monroe, Mich. rie, Mich. oledo, Ohio oledo, Ohio oledo, Ohio oledo, Ohio ~oled, Ohi Water treatment plant (Lansing) Univ. of Mich. Research USWB cooperative U. S. Lake Survey Consumers Power Co., M. C. Stiff, Electric Prod, Supt., Jackson, Mich, ater treatment plant. R. Henderson, Supt. (Columbus) nterlake Iron Corp. J. L. Johnson, Gen. Supt. oledo Edison Co., Bay Shore Plant J. S. Grant, Chief Chemist USWB cooperative 1937-: x x x 1956 -41 1955-56 -1941 -variable see data 1952-53 1956 -9 X x X 1953 -X x x x lapse rate humidity, 1953 -pressure, 1953 - (X) Intake Hydrographic DataNo. location Water Remarks Water temp. Bacteria (ft) Alk. pH Turb. Hard. - BactOther Raw Treated ____Coli. Total 5360 (23) see remarks 10560 (10) 10560 (10) X x i (summel only) I I x x x (X) X X X (X) x x x x x x (X) x x X lake level (cont. conductivity,surf tension, susp. solids, diss. sol ids, total solids Ca, C1, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Na, K, N, NH3, NO3, SiO2, SO4, A1203, C02, 02 consumed, loss of solids by ignition, phenols, sulfides, odor intake in 15 -119 ft deep dredged channel originating at end of, and enclosed by, a N-S peninsula intake figs re to water level of 57015 ft. no winter temp data Ca, Mg, odor X shore line (0.4 to 13.4 ft.) 1 yr. X Mg lake level,l yr. unspecified "chemical data" 9 0o Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record r Wind Dir. Soeed Air Temu. Pcpn.. a~~~~m.....-_ Other -I4 I A r. - - -- 4.. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Toledo, Ohio Toledo, Ohio Toledo Harbor, Ohio Maumee Bay (Toledo), Ohio Port Clinton, Ohio Catawba Is., Ohio South Bass Is. (Putin-Bay), Ohio Gibraltar Is. (South Bass Is.), Ohio Marblehead, Ohio Sandusky, Ohio Sandusky, Ohio Sandusky, Ohio USWB cooperative U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (6 hrly) USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant W. F. Crohen, Supt. (Columbus) USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) Water treatment plant O. F. Schoepfle, Supt. (Columbus) USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB First Order 7 X X X X x 1912 -variable see data variable see data 1910 -81 X x x x x 42 X 42 X X X 41 41 X p 15, 2a p 15, 2b p 15, 2b p 15, 2a p 15, 2b p 15, 1 X x 20 21 X X X x No. Intake location (ft) -~~- I -I HvdroeraDhic Data Water temp. Alk. Raw ITrn t pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Cnli I Tntal Remarks Other, I...,....., I,.. I I -.-. -l - I 10 11 12 13 I [lake level (cont.) 14 11000 (0-8) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 x K K x K K X x x x x variable intake depth due to observed fluctuations in lake level (per plant supt.) 2500 (19.5) I I 00 U Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir. Speed Air Tempo Pcpn. Other I: --- I ---- ~ I 22 23 24 25 26 luron, Ohio iuron, Ohio Vermilion, Ohio Lorain, Ohio orain, Ohio orain, Ohio lyria, Ohio von Lake, Ohio Water treatment plant S. R. Hetrick, Supt. (Columbus) USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant W. K. Eisenhauer, Supt. (Columbus) Water treatment plant. Walkenshaw, Supt. (Columbus) hio Edison Co., Edgewate Plant J. W. Mikels, Gen. Supt. of Power Production USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Water treatment plant N. J. Humason, Supt. (Columbus) ater treatment plant R. R. Underhill, Supt. (Columbus) leveland Elec. and Illum, Co., Avon Plant, C. A. 1909 -1916 -1910- - variable see data 1903 -1928 -variable see data X X X 1956- 1956 (see remarks' X X X 1956 - weather p 15, 2b weather, lake surface p 15, 2b 27 X X 28 29 30 von Point, Ohio 1956 - 19564 humidity, 1956 - Dauber, Dir. Civil & Mech, Engr., Cleveland No Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw I Treatei Ze - - Alk. I pH HvdroEranhic r Turb. -4- 4- 4- 4- t-i 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1000 (13 1904-50: 1300 (8) 1950-: 1300 (12) 000 ( —) see remarks 1500 (ca 13) 1200 (15) jsee remarks x x x 1948 -X X x x x x x x x x x Hard. X X X X )ata B actriOther Coli. _Total. _____ ___ X x x x x x x x Remarks water level 1948 - intake is 800 ft channel 30 ft wide, 8-10 ft deep meteorological data on file at Battelle Memorial Inst. Columbus, O.; letter of release needed from Ohio Ed. intake is 1000 ft channel dredged to 18 ft depth 29 30 I Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record ~ ~ ~ Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other -4~ 4 *4.1 - 31 32 Cleveland, Ohio Water F. J. ioner treatment plant Schwemler, Commissof Water; Columbus 34 35 36 37 38 39 Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio East Lake, Ohio Willoughby, Ohio Fairport, Ohio USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) USWB cooperative (Cleveland Easterly Sewage P1.) USWB cooperative (Euclid Ave.) Cleveland Electric & Illuminating Co., Lake Shore Plant (5 mi. E downtown Cleveland) C. A. Dauber, Dir. Civil & Mech. Engr., Cleveland U. S. Lake Survey Cleveland Electric & Illuminating Co., East Lake Plant, C. A. Dauber, Dir. Civil & Mech. Engr., Cleveland USWB cooperative Water treatment plant E. Thomas, Supt. (Columbus) 1917 -3 14 1932 -variable see data 53 1936 - X X 1955- 1955 - x x p 15, 2a pressure I No. Intake location (ft) __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _. - - - - I s - - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Water temp. Raw Treated Alk. pH Hydrographic Data Turb. Hard. Bacteoia Coli. Total Remarks Other -4 4 I 4 + I I I 4-f ri. 31 32 33 see remarks 34 X X x Mg lake level (cont.) 4 plants, with intakes: Div. Ave.: 4 mi. (36) Baldwin: 4 mi. (28) Nottingham: 3.5 mi. (40) Clague Rd. (under const.) 2.5 mi. (35) intake is "very short" dredged chan. 35!see remarks 36 37 see remarks:: X 1953 - intake is ft channel dredged to ft depth 1000 38 000 (12) 39 No. Location r 40 41 Fairport, Ohio Painesville, Ohio 42 Painesville, Ohio 43 44 45 46 47 Painesville, Ohio Ashtabula, Ohio Ashtabula, Ohio Ashtabula, Ohio Conneaut, Ohio Conneaut, Ohio Conneaut, Ohio Erie, Pennsylvania Agency and Contact o: USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) Water treatment plant E. W. Russell, Supt. (Columbus) Diamond Alkali Co., R. E. Frey, Asst. Works Mgr. USWB cooperative Water treatment plant F. J. Hull, Chemist (Columbus) Cleveland Elec. & Illum. Co., Ashtabula Pit., C. A. Dauber, Dir. Civil & Mech. Engr., Cleveland sUSCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) Water treatment plant W. V. Kantola, Supt. (Columbus) IUSWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) Water treatment plant J. D. Johnson, Gen. Supt.I ~ Period: Record -~ -- -1! - - ' x X X Wind Air Dir. Speed Temp. o 1914 -1945 -9 1909 -1930 -1900 -19 x x x Meteorological Data Pcpn. Other x x p 15, 2b p 15, 2a p 15, 2b X X 48 49 50 iX X No. Intake location (ft) Water temp. Raw Treated Alk pH Hydrographic Data Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other I -I. --.,. 40 41 42 43 44 45 46,47 48 49 50 1914-57: 1000 (8) 1957-: 4000 (16) 3488 (22) x x 1500 (25) x x x x x x x x x I x x see remarks see remarks x x x x x x x x X x x i f I if r intake is 1000 ft channel iredged to 18 ft depth )resent intake in use since L934: 1500 (16). No info, on prev. intk. HC03, C1, CO3, Ca, Mg, Na, SiO2, loss on ignition, total solids:1 5200 (22) I! i] t ( color, OCCASIONAL ANALY: Fe, Ca, Mg,h Na, NO3, Cl, chlorinity, total slds. No. Location Agency and Contact t 1r, - 4 4.- - 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 Erie, Pennsylvania Erie, Pennsylvania Erie, Pennsylvania Erie, Pennsylvania Dunkirk, N. Y. Dunkirk, N. Y. Dunkirk, N. Y. Dunkirk, N. Y. Derby, N. Y. Lackawanna, N. Y. Buffalo, N. Y. Buffalo, N. Y. Port Colborne, Ontario USWB First Order Ap. USWB First Order City USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey Niagara Mohawk Power Co; Dunkirk Station P. A. Burt, Supt. USWB cooperative U. S. Lake Survey USCG Light (4 hrly) USWB cooperative Erie County Water Auth. H. S. Dewey, Adm, Dir., Ellicott Square Bldg., Buffalo 3, N. Y. USCG Base (6 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey Canadian Hydrographic Service rp x x x x x x x x X x X x p 15, 1 p 15, 1 p 15, 2a X X p 15, 2b X p 15, 2a I Remarks lake level (cont.) conductivity, S02, S04, C1, HC03, lake level lake level (cont.) intake samples ntire water olumn between 3 and 21 feet ( —) 1926- 11926 - 1928-1 1926 - 1926- 1926- color, odor, 192! summer plankton, 1930 - lake level (cont. lake level (cont. \O {W Meteorological Data No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other 4 — 1 - - - - - 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 Port Dover, Ontario Long Point, Ontario Clear Creek, Ontario Port Stanley, Ontario Wheatley, Ontario Leamington, Ohtario Pelee Is., Ontario ICMD II CMD II CMD I variable see data variable see data ** 32 32 X X Canadian I Service Hydrographic 80 40 X 42 67 80 40 X 42 67 p 15, 1 Ont. Dept. Lands & Forests Station Dr. D. V. Anderson, Maple, Ontario CMD II CMD II variable see data variable see data ** Slee Appendix II, p. 160. No. Intake location (ft) Hydrographic Data ~ ~- — ~ -- Water temp. Alk. Raw trreated pH Turb. IHard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks -1 Other I 4.- 4~ 4~ 4 9~ - ~I 9 1 64 65. 66 67 lake level (cont.) 68 1 x recording thermograph at station 69 70 ) I tn NIAGARA RIVER (proceeding south to north) - -Meteorological Data No. Location | Agency and Contact Period Wind Air rr O T_ of Record ir. Speedcpn. Other Dir. Speed Temp. Grand Is. (Tonawanda), N. Y. Slater's Point, Ontario Conner's Is., N. Y. Niagara Falls, N. Y. Niagara Falls, N. Y. Niagara Falls, Ontario Niagara Falls, Ontario Lewiston, N. Y. Niagara Mohawk Power Corp., Huntley Station W. G. Godfrey, Supt. Canadian Hydrographic Service U. S. Lake Survey U. S. Lake Survey Naval Air Station CMD II CMD II USWB cooperative 1948 -1943-53 ** ** variable see data X X X X 42 x x x 37 p 15, 1 ** SJee Appendix II, p. 160. Intake Hydrographic Data_ No. location Water temp. rBacteria Remarks (f) Rw Tree Alk. pH Turb. Hard. - TotaOther (ft) Raw Treated Coli. Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 shoreline (27) X X X X X SO4, Cl; water level 1933 from water level (cont.) water level (cont.) water level (cont.) ORIENTATION CHART LAKE ONTARIO 0oo' ~ 00' STATUTE MILES 9 Ip 0o 3o0 40 59 Figure 6. Orientation Chart, Lake Ontario LAKE ONTARIO (starting at mouth of Niagara River No. Location Agency and Contact and oroceeding counterclockwisep 0 0 *~ -- - - - - - -- - - Period of Record Meteorological Data t --- — Wind Dir. Speed Air Temp. Pcpn. Other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Niagara (Youngstown), N. Y. Niagara, N. Y. ilson, N. Y. arker, N. Y. hirty Mile Point (Barker), N. Y. ochester, N. Y. ochester, N. Y. ochester, N. Y. Rochester, N. Y. odus Point, N. Y. oswego, N. Y. Oswego, N. Y. USCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey USWB cooperative USWB cooperative USCG Light (4 hrly) Bureau of Water. Q. Lacy, Supt. astman Kodak Co.. C. Faulkenberry, Asst to the Gen. Mgr. SCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) S. Lake Survey SCG Light (4 hrly) iagara Mohawk Power Co.. M. Jeram, Supt. SCG Lifeboat (6 hrly) X X X p 15, 2a 18 18 mid 1955 -variable see data variable see data X x X X X X X p 15, 2b p 15, 2a p 15, 2b pressure, 1948 -p 15, 2b X X X 1948 -X 12 X X Intake _Hydrographic Data_ No. location Water temp. Bacteria Remarks (ft) Raw TreaedAlk pH Turb Hard. Coli. oOther aw TreateColi. Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8300 (50) 7800 (55) X 1937 -1948 - X X 1947 -1940 - x 1952 - lake level (triiaily) radioactivity, 195 FOLLOWING CHEM MNAL: volatile and rg. matter, silic ron and alumina xides, CaO, MgO, ulphuric anhyride, C1, 1947-. ake level (cont.) 1947 -1940 - 9 10 11 550 (20) 03, HCO3, C1, SO4 iO2, total diss. olids, conductivity, 1940-. Lake level, 1955-, o 12 0 bo Mptpnrnloincnl Tat-n No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record _ ----— V-VrUkLIUI_ YUCU Wind Air Dir, Speed! Temp. Pcpn. Other - ' 4 4 +4' + I 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Oswego, N. Y. Oswego, N. Y. Galloo Is., (Sacketts Hbr.), N. Y. Watertown, N. Y. Tibbetts Point (Cape Vincent), N. Y. Cape Vincent, N. Y. Cape Vincent, N. Y. Kingston, Ontario USWB cooperative variable see data U. S. Lake Survey USCG Lifeboat (4 hrly) USWB Second Order CAA Ap USCG Light (4 hrly) USCG Light Attendant (4 hrly) U. S. Lake Survey CMD c CMD II CMD II Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD c 10 X X X X X X X X 104 X X X X 72 X X p 15, 2b 112 X p 15, p 15, 1 2b p 15, 2b variable see data ** ** Kingston, Kingston, Kingston, Ontario Ontario Ontario 20 20 10 10 72 sunshine, 76 X X Main Duck Is., Ontario 10 (weather) I ** See Appendix II, p. 160. No. Intake location (ft) Hvdroeraohic Data -- Water temp. Raw rreated Alk. pH Turb. Hard. Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other. I. I.., I ~ 4..4. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 lake level (cont.) lake level (cont.) lake level (cont.' 0 o CO Moetpmrnl rcal haf-n No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record -.~c~v~;-u -4- lo V Wind Dir. Air Temp. Pcpn. Other 3peed - 4 9 ~ 9+ 9- I~ I 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 ** < Belleville, Ontario Belleville, Ontario Trenton, Ontario renton, Ontario obourg, Ontario Cobourg, Ontario Bowmanville, Ontario Oshawa, Ontario Toronto, Ontario Toronto, Ontario Toronto, Ontario Toronto, Ontario CMD II CMD CMD CMD CMD II I II II Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD II CMD II Water treatment plant D. P. Scott, Deputy Comm. of Works Hydro-Elec. Power Comm. of Ontario, R. L. Hearn Generating Station, E. D. Holdup, Plant Supt. West Hill CMD III Scarborough CMD III variable see data 68 ** ** variable see data ** ** variable see data variable see data ** ** X X 29 68 X X 12 X X 24 24 68 A X 12 X X p 15, 1 29 sunshine, 25 ca 1948 - x X See Appendix II, p. 160. No. Intake location (ft) - Water temp. Alk. RaP.T Trot-ed pH Turb. Hard. Hydrographic Data Bacteria Coli. Total Remarks Other I - -—.. I...I _-I..I -I...-.. I 25 26 27 28 29 Fr 30 3O 31 32 33 34 35 36 before 1918: 3800 (35 1918-pres: 3800 (69) see remarks 1936 -1952 - 1912 -1955 - 1925 -1955 - 1913 - 1912-1' 1922-22 1931 1912 1914 - lake level (cont. plankton, 1922 -nitrogen, C1, dis 02 (period uncertain) lake level, 1912 -conductivity, 195 1955 - C U1 No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Dir. Meteorological Data,.... Wind Spee Air i Temp. IPcpn. 0 i" Other S., - - - " 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Ontario Ontario Ontario Ontario Ontario Ontario Toronto, Ontario Port Credit, Ontario Burlington, Ontario Hamilton, Ontario Birchcliffe CMD III Admiral Road CMD III Balmy Beach CMD III Hyde Park CMD III Highland CMD II Newtonbrook CMD II CMD I Canadian Hydrographic Service CMD II CMD II Water treatment plant D. H. Matheson, Dir. of Laboratories CMD III (Gage Park) ICMD II (Hamilton) ** ** **k ** ** ** variable see data ** ** variable see data ** I ** 36 36 1957- 1957 - X X 119 X X 1951 -(X) 119 sunshine, 77 p 15, 1 X X X X X X X (X) (gauges op. by City Engrs. Dept.) X 1 58 48 Hamilton, Ontario 49 IHamilton, Ontario ** See Appendix II, p. 160. No, Intake location (ft) a Ir - Water temp.. Raw Treated AlkAlk. Hydrographic Data pH Turb,, Hard. CI Col ia Total Lie Total Other Remarks.-. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 lake level (cont.) chem, phys, biol, erk on Burlington Bay at intervals since 1935 lake level, 1952 - TWO INTAKES 2200 (30) 3000 (30) 1934 - 1933 - 1933 - 1934 - 1933 - 1933 - 1934 - No. Location Agency and Contact Period of Record Meteorological Data I o Wind Dir. Speed Air Temo. Pcpn. Other I w^ I"-*. I ___ _r- I.. —_I i J 50 51 52 53 ** Hamilton, Ontario Grimsby, Ontario Grimsby, Ontario Port Weller, Ontario 3ee Appendix II, p. 160. CMD I CMD II CMD II Canadian Hydrographic Service i f X X ****J **r X X X X X X x Ip 15, 1 I Remarks level (cont. O VD 110 H. Non-tabulated Data Information relating to river discharge has not been included in the tabulations. Discharge figures for major streams and rivers tributary to the Great Lakes are obtained from gaugings in both the United States and Canada. In the United States, the responsible agency is the U. S. Geological Survey. Records pertinent to the Great Lakes basin are published yearly in the publication Surface Water Supply of the St. Lawrence River Basin. In Canada, discharge records are obtained by the Canada Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Branch. Records are published yearly in Water Resources Papers, which are very similar to those issued by the U. S. Geological Survey. Both of the above publications are generally two to three years in arrears. More recent data, if desired, are available from individual U. So Geological Survey offices in the United States, or from the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Branch, Ottawa, Ontario. There are several sources of meteorological data that are not shown in Table 1. Principally, these are data collected by commercial vessels operating on the Lakes. These have not been listed in Table 1 since the data are obtained in varying quantities and locations during the year. There are approximately 37 commercial lake vessels operated by United States companies and about half that many Canadian commercial vessels that make meteorological measurements when operating more than four miles from shore. These data are transmitted by radio to collection agencies in Canada and the United States for use by marine meteorological personnel and for dissemination over meteorological communications networks. In addition, there is a smaller number of research and other special purpose vessels which take meteorological data at whatever time they may be conducting operations. This group is comprised of fisheries investigations vessels, U. S. Lake Survey vessels such as the "Williams", the paper mill cruiser operated in northeastern Lake Superior by Colin A. MacMillan of the Marathon Paper Company, and the U. S. Coast Guard cutter "Mackinac." The latter vesjel makes six-hourly reports to the U. S. Weather Bureau at Cleveland, Ohio, whenever operating farther than four miles from shore. Table 2. Inland Data Sources Table 2 lists all meteorological data sources that were inland from the sources listed in Table 1. An inland source was defined to be suitable for inclusion in Table 2 if it was more than two miles from the nearest Lake shoreline. As was indicated earlier, an irregular area surrounding the Lakes was specified to be important as far as the meteorological effects on the Lakes are concerned. This "area of influence" was selected as the drainage basin of the Great Lakes. The basin has been determined by the U. S. Lakes Survey (see Fig. 7, p. 112). ill All data sources in the drainage basin (or watershed) of the Lakes, that could be ascertained by the project, are listed. Tabulations are made geographically by state and province, but alphabetically by stations under each province and state. Accordingly, the geographical coordinates of inland stations are shown in degrees and minutes of arc. The type of data source is indicated in the second column; abbreviations have the following meanings: FO - USWB First Order; SO - USWB Second Order; Co - USWB Cooperative; I - CMD Class I; II, III, and c - CMD Classes II, III, and c, respectively; and R - research facility. Some locations have more than one First Order station. Usually one is located at an airport; hence the abbreviation Ap is used in the tabulations. If the installation is in the city, City is used, and if the facility is military, the following are used: NAS for Naval Air Stations, and AFB for Air Force Bases. The letters CAA and USCG refer to Civil Aeronautics Administration and U, S. Coast Guard facilities, respectively. With respect to future use of the material compiled in Tables 1 and 2, project personnel adjudged that data sources in close juxtaposition to the watershed boundary, but outside it, should be included in the tabulation. This procedure was justified on the grounds that meteorological events (precipitation, for example), although occurring outside the basin would, nevertheless, be representative of conditions in the immediate vicinity of the basin boundary. The number and locations of extra-basin stations were arbitrarily selected. Here again, the stations outside the watershed used by the U. S. Lake Survey in computation of precipitation regimes for lake level studies were used as a basic group. In addition to these, several First Order and Class I stations were included even though they were located somewhat farther distant than most from the basin boundary. All stations outside the boundary are indicated in Table 2 by an asterisk preceding the location name. The same system for indicating length of record and parameters measured is used here that was employed in Table 1; that is, the numbers appearing in the columns to the right of the location specifications are years of record. Where it is known that an element is measured but the length of record is not known, "X" appears in the space. All parameters taken that are not specified in the table may be determined by consulting the reference given in the last column to the right. a GREAT LAKES DRAINAGE BASIN i STATUTE MILES i 0 0 0 I00 150 24 1-. 0 I ( f, o 1( a a) /.-. — -.......J.. V A N I p E N N S L L V A N I A Figure 7. Orientation Chart, Great Lakes Drainage Basin 113 Table 2. Inland Data Sources No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Class Location MINNESOTA Co *Babbitt Co Brimson Co Cloquet Exp. For. FO Duluth Airport Co Gunflint Lake Co Hibbing Power Substation Co Holyoke Co Isabella 1 mi. W Co Island Lake Reservoir Co Mahoning Mine Co fMeadowlands 2 mi. I SSW Co I*Moose Lake 1 mi. SE Co j*Moose Lake Rangei Station Co Virginia OMIC Lab, Co Wales 2 mi. E Co lWhiteface ReserI voir 47 47 48 46 48 47 46 47 46 47 47 46 46 47 47 47 45 44 43 44 45 44 46 45 43 44 44 44 45 43 46 43 46 43 41 16 42 50 05 27 28 37 59 Per Lat N Long W Per Temp Pcpn Wind Wea Other deg min deg mir of Yrs Yrs Yrs Yr (ref:yrs) e c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 91 91 94 92 90 92 92 91 92 55 52 18 11 42 57 39 48 18 8 28 92 03 92 23 16 2Z 1 141 -- 45' 49 451 37 46! 30 32i 65 43 15 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co WISCONSIN *Antigo Appleton Berlin Bowler reakwater Brillion Brule Ranger Sta. rule Island *Burnett Philton Sewage Plant Clintonville *Coddington 1 mi. E Crivitz High Falls Dalton )rummond Ildurado 1 mi. SE Flambeau Reservoir ond du Lac 27 27 32 13 17 09 15 58 52 50 11 32 57 30 02 37 22 17 39 20 48 04 47 YJ. 11 ii L 1I I i 89 09! 88 23 88 57i 88 59 88! 15 88 04 91 35 88 \ 13, 88 42 88 09 88 45 89 32! 88 121 89 12 91 15 88 37 90 14 88 27 92 92 92 91,-I 38 48 48 35 65 g1 55 i 23 56 32 6 38 48 14 20 73 65 55 18 21 37 35 28 37 56 32 18 38 48 14 16 20 33 73 39 x 48 18 8 x 16 1 X 38 49 18 181p 15, 1:(.83) 65 15 X 65 55 18 21 37 35 28 37 56 32 18 38 48 14 16 20 33 73 30 114 No. 'lass Location Lat N Long W deg min deg min Per of Rec Teml Yrs Pcpn IYrs Wind Yrs Wea Yrs Other (ref;yrs) ~ ~ 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 I WISCONSIN cont. Co Germantown 2 mi.W FO Green Bay Airport Co Gurney Co Hancock Exp. Farm Co *Hayward Ranger Station Co Lac Vieux Desert Co *Lake Geneva Co Laona 4 mi. SSW Co Lily Co Longlake Dam FO *Madison Airport FO *Madison City FO *Madison Truax AFB Co Mellen 2 mi. N Co Mercer Ranger Sta. FO Milwaukee Ap. Co Montello Co New London Co *Oconomowoc 1 mi. SW Co bshkosh SO *Park Falls Co Peshtigo Co xPhelps Deerskin Dam Co Pine River 3 mi. NE Co lymouth Co Portage Co test Lake Co ~Rhinelander Co lipon 5 mi. NE Co Rosholt Collins Co Shawano Co Solon Springs Co South Pelican Co kStevens Point Co Summit Lake Ranger Station Co townsend Co kUnion Grove Co Faupaca Co kWausau SO Wausau CAA Ap. Co tWausau Old P.O. Co 4ausaukee Co West Allis Co West Bend Co PWisconsin Dells 43 44 46 44 46 46 42 45 45 45 43 43 43 46 46 42 43 44 43 44 45 45 46 44 43 43 46 45 43 44 44 46 45 44 45 45 42 44 44 44 44 45 43 43 43 13 29 28 07 00 08 36 30 19 54 08 05 18 21 10 57 48 23 06 03 56 04 03 88 88 90 89 91 89 88 88 88 89 89 89 89 90 90 87 89 88 88 88 90 87 89 0 30 32 29 08 26 42 51 08 20 24 21 37 04 54 19 44 31 32 27 44 02 02 59 27 53 25 45 20 37 49 12 34 12 35 03 05 39 37 38 57 59 11 47 15 72 6 67 27 14 14 29 17 51 19 90 33 25 31 63 63 20 70 48 13 49 7 49 70 49 57 18 63 53 14 66 19 14 18 64 14 64 25 26 7 45 36 15 72 6 67 14 28 51 19 90 X 33 31 51 63 20 70 48 7 49 66 49 54 X 63 53 66 14 63 64 25 7 45 36 15 72 6 67 27 14 14 29 17 51 19 90 X 33 25 31 63 63 20 70 48 13 49 7 49 70 49 57 X 18 63 53 14 66 19 14 18 64 14 64 25 26 7 45 36 72 19 90 X 31 X X 19 90 X p 15, 1:(19) p 15, 1:(90) p 15, 1:(X) 311p 15, 1:(31) 72J p 15, 1:(72) X p 15, l:(X) 11 89 45 32 08 38 52. 36 47 21 32 30 23 20 42 22 59 55 57 23 01 25 38 87 89 89 89 88 89 88 91 89 89 89 88 88 89 89 89 89 87 87 88 89 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 X p 15, 1:(X) No.IClass Location Lat N iLong W deg pin deg min Per, of Rec Temp Yrs Pcpn yWind Yrs Yrs Wea Yrs 115 Other (ref:rys)! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co 9 FO 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FO Co FO Co SO Co R Co Co Co Co Co Clo Co Co Co Co Co Co Co ILLINOIS *Antioch *Arlington Hgts. 4 mi. SSE *Chicago Calumet Treatment Works *Chgo Mayfair Pnpg. Station *Chgo N. Br. Pmpg Station *Chgo Roseland Pmpg. Station *Chgo San. Dist. Disp. Plant *Chgo Springfield Pmpg. Station *Chicago Midway Airport *Chicago O'Hare Airport *Elgin *Glenview NAS *Joliet Brandon Rd. *Joliet CAA Ap. *Joliet *Lemont Argonne National Lab. *McHenry *McHenry 2 mi. S *Peotone *Wheaton College *Skokie *Skokie N. Side Treat!.ent Works INDIANA 42 /L 41 41 41 41 * 41 41 41 41 41 29 02 40 58 87 36 87 45 32 25 58 87 42 41 42 42 42 41 41 41 41 42 42 41 41 42 42 41 40 40 40 40 41 41 42 50 55 47 00 02 05 30 36 32 40 21 19 20 52 02 01 38 40 44 45 44 09 08 87 87 87 87 87 88 87 88 88 88 88 88 88 87 88 87 87 85 84 85 85 85 85 85 42 44 45 27 32 30 88 87 38 06 58 38 8 53 17 49 06 05 05 00 16 15 48 06 45 43 00 57 11 11 10 29 29 51 15 67 17 10 19 17 18 30 4 38 30 X 15 X 16 10 X 4 60 48 X 21 38 8 21 32 25 32 27 32 30 X 51 15 67 X 17 10 19 17 18 30 4 60 48 62 18 10 56 18 30 X 15 X 10 30 X p 15, 1:(30) p 15, 1:(X) 15 p 15, 1:(X) x 'C ) p 15, 1:(X) radiation, micrometeorological measurements (10) Angola Berne *Bluffton *Bluffton Sewag< Plant *Bluffton Water Works *Columbia City *Columbia City 1 mi. S e 60 48 62 18 10 56 18 116 No.Class Location Lat N Long W deg minleg min!Per of iRec remp rrs Pcpn lWind Irs jYrs Wea Yrs Other (ref:yrs) I,.- - I 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Co Co Co FO Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co INDIANA cont. Decatur Elkhart Ft. Wayne Disposal Plant Ft. Wayne Airport Fremont Goshen CAA Airpor Goshen College Hobart Kendallville Kendallville Lagrange La Porte Monroeville 3 mi. ENE *Plymouth Power Substation South Bend Airporl Valparaiso Water Works Waterloo Waterloo Highway Garage *Wheatfield MICHIGAN Adrian lberta Ford Forestry Court Albion Rice Creek Station Allegan Sewage P1 Alma Ann Arbor Univ Sta. Atlanta 3 mi. ENE Bad Axe Baldwin St. Fores Battle Creek Ap. Beavertown Pwr. P1 Beechyood 7 mi. WNW Bellaire Hydro. Plant Bergland Hydro. Plant Big Rapids Water Works Bloomingdale 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 46 42 42 43 42 45 43 43 42 43 46 44 46 43 42 51 41 06 00 44 32 34 32 27 26 39 36 59 20 42 31 251 26 11 54 39 17 32 23 17 01 48 54 18 53 11 59 35 42 23 84 85 85 85 84 85 85 87 85 85 85 86 84 86 56 58 07 12 56 48 50 15 15 16 25 43 49 20 86 19 87 02 851 02 851 01 87104 27 8 13 47 9 18 44 39 12 18 18 64 18 54 71 59 21 18 41 81 1 49 70 72 79 32 34 31 75 11 13 35 63 47 X 44 39 12 61 53 65 58 19 41 81 1 70 72 79 32 34 31 75 x 26 63 X 27 8 13 47 9 18 44 39 12 18 18 64 18 54 71 59 21 18 41 81 81 11 49 70 72 79 32 34 31 75 11 X 13 35 63 X 47 X 65 X 1 X 47 p 15, 1:(47) X X p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(65) vaporation (X) sus., ress. (2) p 15, 1:(X) 84102 88129 84146 85 84 83 84 83 85 85 84 88 51 40 44 06 01 51 14 29 53 85112 89133 85129 85157 117 No. 'lass Location Lat N leg min Long W Per T of Temp Icpn WincWea Yrs IYrs Yrs Other (ref:yrs) I ieg min Rec Yrs - - -1 1 I --- - 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 130 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO FO FO R Co Co Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co SO Co Co Co MICHIGAN cont. Boyne Falls St. Nursery Burnside 1 mi. E Cadillac Water Works Caro State Hosp. Casnovia 1 mi. N Champion Van Riper Park Charlotte Chatham Exp. Farm Coldwater St. Sch Coldwater Sewage Treatment Plant Crystal Falls 6 mi. NE Dearborn Detroit City Ap. Detroit Wayne Co. Airport Detroit Willow Run Airport Detroit Int'l Joint Comm. Res. Dowagiac East Jordan East Lansing Exp. Farm East Lansing East Lansing Hort. Farm Eaton Rapids Eau Claire 4 mi. NE Edmore Svart Ewen Fife Lake 2 mi. S Flint Airport Freesoil 4 mi. SW Saylord Cons. Dpt 3ermfask Wildlife Refuge 3ladwin CAA Ap. 3lennie Alcona Dai 3rand Haven Fire Dept. 3rand Ledge 45 43 44 43 43 46 42 46 41 41 46 42 42 42 42 42 41 45 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 46 44 42 44 45 46 43 44 44 42 13 12 15 27 15 31 32 21 57 56 10 18 831 03 85 24 83 85 87 84 86 85 85 84 48 24 48 59 50 56 00 01 88114 83 14 24 13 14 28 591 10 421 44 43 31 01 24 54 32 33 58 04 02 17 59 56 34 45 83 00 83 19 83 83 86 85 84 84 84 84 86 85 85 89 85 83 86 84 85 84 85 83 84 32 14 07 07 28 29 28 39 15 02 16 16 21 44 17 41 57 29 55 48 46 16 50 31 16 55 58 68 16 6 88 5 8 3 5 33 48 1 39 35 5 7 16 40 70 16 49 19 54 11 88 41 X 50 31 X 55 55 68 6 88 8 3 5 33 X 48 1 35 7 40 70 39 19 54 88 55 58 68 X 16 6 88 8 5 33 X 48 1 39 35 5 7 16 40 70 16 49 19 54 11 88 41 6 88 8 33 X 48 1 21 X X X 16 50 88 5 8 33 48 21 X 31 16 X evaporation (6) p 15, 1:(88):eiling, visibility(5) p 15, 1:(8) Lapse rate tc 370 ft (3) evaporation )X) p 15, 1:(48) evaporation:1) p 15, 1:(21) evaporation (X) p 15, l:(X) 118 No. Class Location Lat N deg min (I, per Long W n, deg min o Tempj Pcpn Irs IYrs Wind Yrs Weg Yrs Other (ref:yrs) 4-4 1-4 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co SO R R Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co SO Co Co MICHIGAN cont. Grand Rapids Ap. Grayling Militar, Reservation Greenville Gull Lake Exp. Farm Gwinn Hale Five Channels Dam Harrison Hart Hastings Fisher. Hesperia Higgins Lake Hillsdale Holland Houghton CAA Ap. Houghton Univ. of Michigan res. Houghton U.S. Army Sig. Corps Houghton Lake 3 mi. NW Howell Sewage P1. Howell 7 mi. NE Hubbard Lake Dam Interlochen State Park Ionia Gas Plant Iron Mtn. Water Works Ironwood Ishpeming Jackson CAA Ap. Jackson 3 mi. N Kalamazoo Power Plant Kalamazoo State Hospital Kalkaska Kent City 2 mi. SW 42 44 43 42 46 44 44 43 42 43 44 41 42 47 47 47 44 42 42 44 44 42 45 46 46 42 42 42 42 44 43 46 46 43 42 54 38 11 24 17 28 01 42 39 34 31 55 47 10 14 85 84 85 85 87 83 84 86 85 86 84 84 86 88 88 121 88 20 36 42 51 38 59 50 27 29 16 17 18 17 44 12 29 15 03 59 4 47 15 23 27 41 48 22 18 02 45 38 07 30 29 301 49 56 53 36 46 04 04 10 39 28 24 34 36 10 46 53 28 20 25 84 83 83 83 85 85 88 90 87 84 84 85 85 85 85 88 84 83 85 46 52 69 66 22 58 71 54 6 1 5 44 53 9 16 28 59 57 60 62 18 18 83 19 39 18 5 44 109 109 69 69 46 46 30 30 46 69 66 13 58 62 54 6 1 5 44 28 59 57 60 62 83 18 5 X 104 69 46 30 X 46 52 69 66 22 58 71 54 6 1 5 44 53 q X 16 28 59 57 60 62 18 18 83 19 39 18 5 15 44 109 X 1 5 X 5 p 15, 1:(98) p 15, l:(X) snow depth (1); radiation, humd. and press. (1) min. and max temp., hum., (5) p 15, 1:(X) I Co Co Co Co FO Co Co x x Kenton U.S. For. Kinross AFB Lapeer - Lowell 5 mi. NW x lp 15, 1:(X) 119 Class No. Location Lat N deg min Long W Per Temp Pcpn deg mi Rec Yrs Yrs Rec Wind Yrs Wea Yrs Other (ref:yrs) -! ~ ~ I 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 ill 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 -1-20 |121 122 123 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co MICHIGAN cont. Lupton Lupton 1 mi. SW Millington 3 mi. SW Mio Hydro. Plant Montague Montague 2 mi. N Mt. Pleasant Col. Newaygo Croton Dam Newberry State Hospital Niles Oscoda AFB Onaway Black L. Forest Owosso Swg. Plant Paw Paw 2 mi. E I Pelston CAA Ap. Pontiac Rexton I Rock Romeo 1 mi. N Roscommon Forest Exp. Station Rose City Saginaw Center Radio Station Saginaw-MidlandBay City CAA Ap. St. Charles St. Johns 5 mi. NNW Sandusky Scottville 1 mi. NE 44 44 43 44 43 43 43 43 46 41 44 45 43 42 | 45 42 46 46 42 44 44 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 46 43 43 45 46 45 44 41 26 25 14 40 25 27 36 27 20 51 28 25 01 13 i 34 39 10 04 49 28 26 29 32 18 04 25 58 84 84 83 84 86 86 84 85 85 86 83 84 84 85 84 83 85 87 83 84 84 84 84 84 841 82 86 83 83 88 83 85 87 86 85 02 02 34 108 22 21 47 1 40 30 16 22 14 11 51 4f 18 15 1 01 35 07 02 05 35 50 16i 21 27 5f 04 43 3G 42 8 7 57 55 8 16 58 51 60 2 15 63 38 17 71 6 18 24 8 3 62 17 38 40 341 17 5 63 25 3 19 19 19 62 55 8 58 51 60 X x 63 38 17 71 6 1 3 62 6 38 40 63 25 X 7 8 7 57 55 8 16 58 51 60 2 x 15 63 38 17 66 6 18 124 x 8 3 62 17 35 40 34 17 5 63 25 3 19 19 19 19 62 7 evaporation (7) p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) x x x x x X p 15, l:(X) Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Sebewaing 3 mi. E Spalding Stambaugh Standish 2 mi. S Stanton Stephenson 5 mi. W Steuben 2 mi. WN Suttons Bay 4 mi NW Thompsonville Three Rivers 44 43 05 57 17 24 12 01 31 85 56 85 621 120 No. Clas! Location Lat N Long W deg min deg mil Per of Rec Teml Yrs Pcpr Yrs Wind WeA Other Yrs Yrs (ref:yrs). MICHIGAN cont. Trout Lake 2 mi. ESE 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO FO Co Vanderbilt Trout Station Wakefield Watersmeet Fish Hatchery Wellston Tippey Dam West Branch State Forest Williamston 1 mi NE Willis 1 mi. NE Yale OHIO *Akron-Canton Ap *Akron Municipal Airport *Akron Swg. Wks. *APCO Ravenna Arsenal *Ashland 2 mi.ENE *Ashland 3 mi. N1 Ashtabula Botzum Swg. Plant Bowling Green Sewage Plant Bucyrus Swg. P1. Burton *Canton Repository *Canton Hwy. Dpt. Chardon *Charles Mill Dam *Chippewa Lake Cleveland Airpor Cleveland City *Columbus Ohio State Univ. *Columbus Sullivant Ave. *Columbus Valley Cross *Columbus Airpor 46 45 45 46 44 44 42 42 43 40 41 41 41 40 40 41 41 41 40 41 40 40 41 40 41 41 41 40 11 10 29 18 15 20 41 05 08 55 02 84 84 89 89 85 84 84 83 82 81 81 55 05 57 17 16 26 2; 09 81 10 81 46 16 20 38 56 22 29 32 11 30 1 11 49 58 8 18 77 65 9 6 19 13 18 63 32 88 74 46 20 29 11 30 11 56 8 64 63 6 X 46 16 20 38 56 22 29 32 11 30 1 11 49 58 8 18 77 65 9 6 19 13 18 63 32 88 74 8 42 28 11 I1p 15, 1:(11) 25 251p 15, 1:(25) 54 53 51 09 23 48 29 48 48 35 44 05 24 30 00 82 82 80 81 83 82 81 81 81 81 82 81 81 81 83 18 22 48 34 38 58 OS 02 23 13 18 63 32 88 74 X 32 88 X 5z 5] 42 0] 05 32 88 evaporation (X) p 15, 1:(32: p 15, 1:(88; evaporation (X) 201 Co 391 561 83 81 8 211 Co 391 561 821 5 421 42 221 FO 401 00 821 53 281 28 28 { 28 p 15, 1:(281 121 No. Class Location Per Lat N Long W Per Temp Pcpn Wind Wea deg deg m ei g min Rc Y rs Yrs Yrs Yrs Other (ref:yrs) - 9 *t-t-I 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 FO Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co OHIO cont. *Columbus City *Dayton *Dayton Airport Defiance Defiance Pwr. P1 Dorset 2 mi. E Edgerton *Ellsworth Elyria 3 mi. E Findlay CAA Ap. Findlay Swg. P1. Fremont *Galion Wtr. Wks *Hiram Hoytville 2 mi. NE 39 39 39 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 40 41 41 58 45 54 17 17 41 27 01 23 01 03 20 43 19 12 83 84 84 84 84 80 84 80 82 83 83 83 82 81 83 00 10 12 23 28 38 44 51 04 40 40 07 47 09 47 79 23 28 54 17 2 17 43 10 17 69 18 12 78 7 17 39 Co 40 Co 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Co Co Co R Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Kenton Ohio Pwr. Co. *Kenton 2 mi. W *Lakeview 3 mi. NE *La Rue Lima Swg. Plant Lima Water Works Lima Standard Oil Co. *Louisville Lyons High School *Mansfield 6 mi. W Mansfield CAA Ap. *Marion Wtr. Wks. *Marshallville Montpelier Napoleon Norwalk Oberlin Painesville Hwy. Department Pandora 2 mi. NE Paulding Plymouth Rockford 5 mi. WNW Rockford 0.3 mi. W St. Marys 2 mi.W St. Marys Water Works 40 39 83 39 66 40 32 83 54 42 40 38 83 137 79 23 28 48 2 10 X 69 6 74 7 65 56 X 39 X X 56 64 64 74 17 63 25 40 40 40 40 40 41 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 40 41 41 40 40 40 40 34 43 45 44 50 42 45 47 36 54 35 23 15 17 43 58 08 00 42 38 32 32 83 84 84 84 81 84 82 82 83 81 84 84 82 82 81 83 84 82 84 84 84 84 23 07 05 08 16 04 38 32 10 43 36 07 37 13 13 51 35 40 45 40 59 17 12 18 59 15 10 67 72 74 82 19 17 68 25 4 79 23 28 54 17 2 17 43 10 17 69 18 12 78 7 17 66 42 40 59 17 X 12 18 59 X 15 10 67 72 74 82 19 17 68 25 4 19 20 21 79 X 28 X X X 79 28 p 15, 1:(79) evaporation (X) p 15, 1:(28) X p 15, 1:(X) X p 15, 1:(X) 601 Co 481 19 61 Co 62 Co 25 20 24 21 122 No. IClass Location Lat N deg min Long W deg min Per of Rec Temp Yrs Pcpn Yrs Wind Yrs Wea Yrs Other (ref:yrs) -t I 1- - - - - ' - - - -4 --- —— 4 OHIO cont. 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Co Co FO Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co S. New W Lyme 1 mi. Tiffin Toledo Exp. Ap. Toledo Blade Toledo City Upper Sandusky Upper Sandusky Water Works Van Wert *Warren *Warren Ohio Edison Wauseon Sewage I *Youngstown Ap. pL PENNSYLVANIA *Coudersport 3 mi. NW *Coudersport 7 mi. E *Linesville North East 2 mi. SE Springboro NEW YORK Albion 3 mi. NE Alexandria Bay Alfred Angelica Arcade Arnot Lodge Arnot SCS Auburn Wtr. Wks. Aurora Research Farm Avon Baldwinsville Batavia Beaver Falls Big Moose 3 mi. E 41 41 41 41 41 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 42 41 43 44 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 '43 43 42 42 44 35 07 36 39 40 50 49 52 15 13 33 16 49 46 41 12 48 16 20 15 18 32 16 14 54 44 55 09 00 53 49 13 06 00 80 83 83 83 83 83 83 84 80 80 84 80 78 77 80 79 80 78 75 77 78 78 76 76 76 76 77 76 78 75 74 75 75 75 12 77 4 7 85 75 18 44 69 24 88 87 3 12 41 9 4 21 27 66 74 36 4 11 95 2 63 60 28 25 28 8 69 19 12 77 4 7 85 75 18 44 69 24 86 16 3 12 41 9 4 21 27 66 74 36 4 11 89 2 63 60 28 25 28 8 69 19 4 85 16 X 2 8 4 85 16 p 15, 1:(16) p 15, 1:(4) p 15, 1:(85) OE 5 4] 02 2f 3E 3; 32 3~ 4! 2c 1]1 2( 5e evaporation (2) p 15, 1:(8) *Binghamton *Binghamton Black R. 1 mi. SW 123 No.lass Location Lat N deg min Long W deg mir Per of DA* Temp Yrs' Pcpn ind wea Yrs Yrs Yrs Other (ref:yrs) 1 1 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 4 45 46 47 48 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 58 Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO Co Co Co Co NEW YORK cont. Boonville 2 mi. N Boonville 2 mi. SSW I Brewerton Lock 23 Bristol Springs Brockport 2 mi. NW Buffalo Airport Burdett 1 mi. NE Camden Canandaigua 3 mi. S Canaserage Canastota 1 mi. SW *Candor *Canton Cayuga Lock 1 Churchville *Cincinnatus Clyde Lock 26 Colden *Colton 3 mi. N Constantia *Cortland Dansville Delta Eagle Bay Eagle Falls *East Homer 1 *East Homer 2 Elma *Elmira Elmira CAA Airpor Forestport *Franklinville Fredonia Freeville 2 mi.NE Fulton Garbutt Geneva Exp. Sta. Geneva Sampson AFB Gouverneur Gowanda St. Hosp. Gravesville 2 mi. N Hanmmondsport 1 mi S 43 43 43 42 43 42 42 43 42 42 43 42 44 42 43 42 43 42 44 43 42 42 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 42 43 42 42 42 43 43 42 42 44 42 43 42 75 21 75 21 36 10 27 27 9 76 77 77 12 22 58 781 44 108 76 75 77 50 44 17 77 47 75 45 76 75 76 77 75 76 78 74 76 76 77 75 74 75 76 76 78 76 76 75 78 79 76 76 77 77 77 75 78 75 77 21 10 44 53 54 50 41 57 00 11 42 27 49 11 07 07 39 48 54 13 27 22 19 25 47 00 00 27 13 27 5 27 15 97 32 5 22 41 25 7 98 41 40 6 34 19 10 17 80 19 25 10 72 19 33 5 70 10 9 108 25 97 X 98 38 17 79 11 10 72 89 X 36 10 27 27 9 102 27 13 27 5 27 15 92 32 5 22 41 X 25 7 81 41 40 6 34 19 10 17 80 19 25 10 63 19 33 5 70 X 53 14 9 5 X 881 88p 15, 1:(88) evaporation (X) 6 x Ix soil temp. (X evaporation (6) p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) humidity (X) x X 28 53 22 56 14 13 07 9 9 13 5 124 No. Class Location Lat N Long W deg min deg mi Per of remp Pcpn Find Wea frs r rs Yrsrs Other (ref;yrs) I! -' m J. ~m m 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co FO FO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co NEW YORK cont. Hemlock Highmarket Highmarket 1 mi SE Hilton Hinckley *Hoffmeister Honeoye Falls Hooker Hornell Almond Dam *Indian Lake 2 SW Ithaca Cornell Univ. i. mi. *Lincklaen Linden Locke 4 mi. W Lockport 2 mi. NE Lowville yons Falls acedon arcellus SCS ays Pt. Lock 25 Mt. Morris 2 mi. E Newark Newark Valley New London Lock 22 gdensburg Hosp. 3 mi. NE Old Forge 2 mi. SU Oid enn Yan rattsburg 2 mi. NW ulaski ochester Airport ome Griffiss AFB ushford 3 mi. SW Sabattis 3 mi. NE Sabattis Whitney Park Saranac Lake Scio herman Skaneateles odus 2 mi. SSW S. Edwards 1 mi. E 42 43 43 43 43 43 42 43 42 43 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 43 42 43 42 43 42 43 44 43 42 42 42 43 43 43 42 44 44 44 42 42 42 43 44 47 35 35 17 18 23 57 41 21 45 27 41 52 40 11 48 37 04 59 00 44 03 13 12 44 42 40 39 32 34 07 14 22 07 03 19 10 10 57 13 16 77 75 75 77 75 74 77 75 77 74 17 76 128 37 31 30 47 07 43 35 45 42 75 78 76 78 75 75 77 76 76 77 77 76 75 75 75 76 77 77 76 77 75 78 74 74 74 77 79 76 77 75 53 10 28 39 29 22 18 23 46 54 06 12 37 27 00 50 04 18 08 20 25 18 40 38 07 59 36 26 04 12 61 35 19 14 41 53 5 27 5 60 41 6 40 27 73 98 45 40 19 40 9 39 4 39 68 12 27 107 18 130 16 5 26 3 29 30 8 65 30 32 27 67 93 9 68 11 53 X 129 16 3 29 30 40 6 40 27 73 98 45 40 19 40 9 39 4 39 66 12 27 107 18 X 130 16 5 26 3 29 30 8 65 30 32 41 88 16 evap. (41), sunshine (X) pressure (X) p 15, 1:(88) p 15, 1:(16) 61 14 61 35 19 14 41 53 5 27 5 59 60 88 16 125 No. Clas. Location Lat N deg min Long W deg mir Per of Rec Temp Pcpn Wind Wea Yrs IYrs IYrs Yrs Other (ref:yrs) NEW YORK cont. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 -x> — Co Co Co FO Co Co Co SO Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co Co II III II II III III II II II I II II II II II II II II II II II II II II III See S. Wales Emery Pk Stafford Stillwater Reserv Syracuse Airport Theresa *Troupsburg 4 mi. NE Truxton Utica CAA Airport Wales Wanakena Ranger School Warsaw 5 mi. SW Waterloo Watertown Wellsville Westfield 2 mi. S Whitesville Wiscoy Wolcott ONTARIO gincourt ldershot ldershot (HEP, lgonquin Park lliston Alloa lton ngus psley rmstrong Atikokan Barrie *Bear Island Beatrice Beaverton Beeton Benny Bingham Chute Biscotasing Black Sturgeon radford Brampton Brantford Brockville Broddytown Brucefield Anpendix II, p. 42 42 43 43 44 42 42 43 42 44 42 42 43 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 43 45 44 43 43 44 44 50 48 44 46 45 44 44 46 46 47 49 44 43 43 44 43 43 43 59 53 07 13 04 43 09 45 09 41 54 58 07 17 02 30 14 47 18 18 35 08 43 51 19 46 18 44 24 59 08 25 06 31 06 17 20 06 41 08 33 37 33 78 78 75 76 75 77 76 75 73 74 73 76 75 77 79 77 78 46 79 79 79 78 79 79 80 79 78 88 91 79 80 76 79 79 81 79 82 88 79 79 80 75 79 81 136 05 02 07 47 29 02 23 31 54 12 52 52 57 37 46 05 49 16 54 52 33 58 52 05 52 05 55 38 41 05 16 09 47 38 24 D7 50 30 46 16 36 33 28 28 38 71 18 18 19 19 17 49 7 36 69 3 43 5 19 20 i* -- I 28 28 32 71 X 7 C) Lk. 160 38 19 X X 31 51 X X 24 x x 34 X X X 62 33 45 28 28 38 62 18 18 19 19 17 49 7 36 69 3 43 5 19 20 X X X 31 X X 51 X X 24 34 56 X 66 X X X X 34 x X62 62 X X 45 62 X -x50 94 62 X p 15, 1:(62) p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1' (X) x 126 No. Class Location Lat N Long W deg min deg min Per of Rec Temp Pcpn Winc Wea Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Other (ref:yrs) I I I I - -- I I I I I 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 III II II III II II I I ONTARIO cont. Burnhamthorpe Caledonia Cameron Falls Campbellford Canboro Caramat Centralia *Chalk River II Chapleau II Chatham II III II I III II II II II II Chatham (CFCO) Chatsworth Clarkson Clear Creek Clifford Coe Hill Coldwater Coniston Crystal Falls Delhi 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 III Dog Lake Dam 43 43 49 44 42 49 43 46 47 42 42 44 43 42 43 44 44 46 46 42 48 44 48 43 45 42 44 47 44 44 43 48 43 48 43 43 49 49 44 42 44 44 49 43 44 43 37 06 09 18 59 37 18 00 50 23 23 24 33 35 57 53 42 28 27 52 05 47 30 24 15 55 13 42 18 23 48 15 06 27 22 38 42 46 51 42 55 08 16 54 07 09 79 79 88 77 79 86 81 77 III III III II III II I III III II II II II II II II III II II II III I III III III *Domville 36 57 21 48 35 09 31 26 83 25 82 12 -kje -- -- -- -- Dona Doon Dorset |Dunnville, Durham *Earlton Eugenia Fenelon Falls Fergus *Foleyet Forest Franz 82 80 79 80 80 77 79 80 79 80 89 75 89 80 78 79 80 79 80 78 80 82 82 84 80 79 86 86 77 81 78 78 90 79 80 79 12 54 37 34 58 50 40 49 55 32 38 32 31 27 53 42 48 51 33 44 20 26 00 24 19 55 53 57 56 42 23 13 35 11 48 42 ** X 25 X X X 20 35 59 X X X X X X X X X X 16 X X X 30 X 44 X X X X X ** X X 25 X X X X 21 35 71 X X X X VI. X X x 'A x,r 16 34 X A A X 30 73 A X X c\, X,: X ** X 50 X 60 X ** K X X X X ** p 15, l:(X) sunshine (21); p 15, 1:(X) sunshine (21) p 15, 1:(X) sunshine (21) p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) Gait Georgetown *Geraldton *Geraldton Gilmoir (HEPC) Glencoe Gooderham Gore's Landing *Graham Green River Grey Co. Forest Grimsby (Rock Chapel) ** See Appendix II, page 160. 127 Lat N No. Classl Location Long W deg mir Per l ^e Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Lo esPcp lin~Wa Other (ref:yrs) deg mini v 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 II III II II II II II III III II II III II II II III II I II II III II II I II II II II II II II II II II I II III II III II III III II lUI ONTARIO cont. Guelph Hagersville Haliburton Haliburton (2) Harrow -- 1 55 55 1105 Helen Mine Holstein Hopeville I I I I Hornby *Hornepayne Huntsville Ilderton Jarvis Lake Kakabeka Falls Kemptville *Kenogami Dam Killala *Killaloe Kohler Lafontaine Lakeport Lindsay Listowel London *Longlac *Longlac (P & P) Long Lake Control Dam Long Point Lucan Lucknow Macdiarmid McVittie *Madawaska Magnetawan Malton Manitou Falls *Mattagami Lake Dam 43 43 45 45 42 48 44 44 43 49 45 43 49 48 45 49 49 45 42 44 43 44 43 43 49 49 49 42 43 43 49 46 45 45 43 49 48 43 44 44 44 45 43 47 33 00 01 03 02 04 03 05 33 14 19 07 15 24 02 55 09 34 56 45 59 20 45 02 45 45 05 33 11 58 26 17 30 40 41 12 01 55 17 27 03 05 21 01 80 78 78 82 84 80 80 79 84 79 81 87 89 75 86 86 77 79 80 77 78 80 81 86 86 87 80 81 81 88 80 77 79 79 03 28 29 53 45 46 34 50 51 15 23 49 37 39 28 28 24 52 05 55 44 58 09 30 30 03 03 24 31 09 52 59 38 38 57 5 X S 31 2 x x x X x x 31 3 41 4 x X X 41 4 x x X X X X 16 1 x x x x x 68 6 X X 65 6 29 2 x x x x x x x x 58 5 x x x x X X X X 17 1 1 X X I x Y 80 116 1 41.6 8 5 9 8 7 50 52 45 69 x x x sunshine (34) sunshine (32) p 15, 1:(X) sunshine (68) p 15, 1:(X) humidity (X) p 15, 1:(X) 86 06 81 33 Melville Meyersburg Midhurst Mildmay Miller Lake Millgrove Mink Lake For. 80 77 79 81 81 79 82 103 48 44 07 25 56 4 I x x x x x x K x x x.' — See Apoendix II, o. 160 128 No. JClasi Location Lat N deg min Long W deg min Per of Ron Temp Pcpn Yrs Yrs Wind Yrs Wea Yrs Other (ref:yrs) ~ 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 II II II III III I I II I II II II II I II I II II II II III II III III II II II II II III II III III II III II II I II II II III II II III III II ONTARIO cont. Mitchell Montreal Falls *Montreal River *Moose Lake Morriston Muskoka *Nakina North Bay North Bay (A) Oak Ridges Oil City ** Orillia Orono *Ottawa (Uplands Oxaline Lake *Pagwa Pays Plat Pefferlaw Peshu Lake Peterboro Peterboro (HEPC) Peters Corners Petrolia Pine Portage *Port Elmsley Portland Preston *Quorn Ragged Rapids Ramsay Ranger Lake Rayner Red Cedar Lake Dam Redickville *Rideau Ferry Ridgetown Ridgeville *Rockcliffe Ruel St. Catherines St. Catherines (Path. Lab.) St. Joachim St. Thomas Sand Lake Sauble Forest Scotia Junction Simcoe 43 47 47 48 43 44 50 46 46 43 42 44 43 45 49 50 49 44 46 44 44 43 42 49 44 44 43 49 45 46 46 46 46 44 44 42 43 45 47 43 43 42 42 47 44 45 42 28 15 07 50 28 58 11 19 22 58 55 37 59 20 42 02 43 19 37 17 20 17 57 18 53 42 40 25 01 58 55 27 41 13 51 26 04 28 18 09 10 10 48 47 41 31 52 81 84 79 91 80 79 86 79 79 79 82 79 78 75 87 85 87 79 83 78 78 80 82 88 76 76 80 90 79 82 83 83 80 80 76 81 79 75 81 79 79 82 81 84 81 79 80 28 25 28 02 24 35 41 34 16 [34 13 10 19 19 04 05 19 08 12 25 05 40 21 30 23 01 13 09 55 08 38 27 17 17 38 11 32 15 17 20 11 24 29 36 07 19 42 ** X X 37 16!16;?8 -6 49 [0 76 16 X X X 66 X X X X 33 X ** X X 37 X X 16 16 34 16 30 X 49 X 76 X 16 X X X 71 X X X X X X X X X 33 X X X X X X X 14 33 32 X X X X X X 32 52 57 60 90 72 52 X ** ** X X X X x x ** 15, 1:(X) umidity (X); 15, 1:(X) 15, 1:(X) unshine (29: unshine (53: 15, l:(X) 15, 1:(X) sunshine (21; X X X X 14 33 33 X X X 32 ** See Appendix II, p. 160. 129 No. Clas, Location Lat deg N erl P Long lTP Tem Pcpn Wind We deg mii~c Yrs irs Yrs Yr eLz Other (ref:yrs) min - + *1 I I,, 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 II II III II I 'II II I III III II III II III III II III III II III II II III II II II II II III III III II II I I II II II ONTARIO cont, Smithfield Smoky Falls Snelgrove Stayner Stirling 'Stratford Strathroy Sudbury Talbotville Toronto (Downsview South) Toronto (East York) Toronto (Glenview' Toronto (Islington West) Toronto (Kingsway Toronto (Scarlett Road) Toronto (South 44 50 43 44 44 43 42 46 42 43 43 43 43 43 43 Leaside) Toronto (Wexford) Toronto (Willowdale) Toronto (Wilson Heights) Trethewey Falls Turbine Tweed Unionville *Upsala Uxbridge Vineland Walker ton Wallaceburg Wasdells Washago Waterford Waterloo Welland White River Windsor Woodbridge Woodslee Woodstock 43 43 46 43 05 04 45 28 19 23 58 29 48 43 42 42 39 39 40 42 45 47 44 59 23 30 52 03 07 10 03 35 47 35 58 28 59 35 17 50 13 08 79 20 79 27 79 33 79 31 79 30 77 82 79 80 77 81 81 80 81 79 79122 40 10 50 06 38 00 38 59 15 29 79 18 79 26 I,( I x 15 X 27 X I 4X X X 34 X X 33 X 56 62 X X 176 -'' A It 15 X 27 X X x A V x x X V X x x X X X X X 33 | X 33 X X 56 62 59 X 7641 76 T 55 X 70 55 18 79 26 p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) sunshine (30; sunshine (35; p 15, 1:(X) p 15, 1:(X) sunshine (58i I 44 46 44 43 49 44 43 44 42 44 44 42 43 42 48 42 43 42 43 79 81 77 79 90 79 79 81 82 79 79 80 80 79 85 82 79 82 80 17 34 19 20 28 06 19 09 24 18 20 17 27 17 17 58 36 42 47 i - - -, Se Anpendix II, p. 160 130 Table 3. Unusable Data Sources. The facilities listed in Table 3 are those that were uncovered by the project but which were adjudged to be unsuitable for inclusion in Tables 1 or 2. One of three situations described the reason for deletion. Most of the sources were contacted, but the data recorded by the installations were of such short record or of such a nature that there was no immediate future use deemed possible for it by the investigators. These cases are listed in the first column. In a few cases, data of interest to the project are taken, but for technical reasons, such as intake location or instrument exposure, they were considered unrepresentative. These are shown in the second column. In a few cases the existence of potential data sources was determined, but for a variety of reasons no contact with source authorities was possible. Only 16 cases of this type occurred -- 1.4 per cent of the total of 1177 sources, 131 Table 3. Unusable Data Sources Location Installation Few or Data Not No Data Repres. No Contact Red Rock, Onto Port Arthur, Onto Port Arthur, Ont. Grand Marais, Ont. Two Harbors, Minn. Ontonagon, Mich. Eagle River, Mich. Eagle Harbor, Mich. Copper Harbor, Mich. Gay, Mich. Pequaming, Mich. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. Nahma, Mich. Waukegan, Illo Great Lakes NTS Winnetka, Illo East Chicago, Ind. Indiana Harbor, Ind. Ludington, Mich. Muskegon, Mich. Essexville, Mich. Traverse City, Micho Alpena, Mich. East Tawas, Mich. Lorain, Ohio Painesville, Ohio Ashtabula, Ohio Erie, Penn. Dunkirk, N. Yo Buffalo, N. Y. Buffalo, N. Yo Wilson, N. Y. Newfane, N. Y. Barker, N. Y. Lyndonville, N. Y. Brockport, N Y. Hilton, N. Y. Williamson, N. Y. Sodus Point, N. Y. Wolcott, N. Y. Oswego, N. Y. Sacketts Harbor, N. Y. Oshawa, Ont. Oshawa, Ont. Hamilton, Ont. (unknown) St. Lawrence Corp. Abitibi Pulp & Paper Co. Provincial Paper Co. water treatment plant municipal power plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant Algoma Steel Co. water treatment plant Commonwealth Edison Co. power plant municipal power plant water treatment plant Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company Dow Chemical Co. Consumers Power Co. Consumers Power Co. municipal power plant Huron Portland Cement Co. water treatment plant National Tube Co. Industrial Rayon Corp. Union Carbide and Carbon Corp. Pennsylvania Elec. Co. water treatment plant water treatment plant Republic Steel Co. water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant water treatment plant General Motors of Canada Oshawa Public Utilities Steel Co. of Canada Upper Peninsula Generating Co. Produce Terminal Co. X X X X X x x x x x x x x x x X X x X x X x X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x (unknown) 5, SUMMARY The entire Great Lakes drainage basin was reviewed for sources of hydrographic and meteorological data, potentially applicable to studies of Great Lakes hydrography and fisheries. Agencies which were found to obtain either or both of these types of data were: water treatment plants; power plants; industrial concerns; Ul S. Coast Guard; paper mills; Sanitary District Observers; U. S. Weather Bureau First Order, Second Order and Cooperative stations; Canadian Meteorological. Division Class I, II, III, and c stations; lU S. Lake Survey; Canadian Hydrographic Service; U. S.. Geological Survey; Canadian Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Water Resources Branch; independent research installations; and several miscellaneous uncategorized agencies. Tables 4 and 5 present a summarization of knowledge of data sources appearing in Tables 1, 2, and 3. Table 4, entitled Summary of Knowledge of All Potential Data Sources, indicates the number and per cent of agencies contained within each source type that have usable or unusable data and those agencies with which no contact was possible (no contact). Following the format utilized throughout this report, these agencies have been categorized as either onshore or inland. Entries appearing in the usable column have been derived from Tables 1 and 2. Entries in the unusable column have been derived from the first two columns of Table 3, and entries in the no contact column, from the third column of Table 3. For example, 97 water treatment plants were located which utilize Great Lakes water. These plants constituted 8.3 per cent of the total potential sources located. Of these, 73 (75 per cent) possessed usable data, 22 (23 per cent) possessed no data of use to the purposes of this investigation, and 2 (2 per cent) could not, for various reasons, be adequately ascertained. A total of 1177 separate possible data sources were located in the drainage basin. Of the total, slightly less than half (44.2 per cent) are located within two miles of the Lake shores (onshore), whereas 55.8 per cent are more than two miles from the shoreline (inland), A high percentage of all onshore agencies have proved to possess apparently usable meteorological and/or hydrographic data, namely, 91 per cent; only 6 per cent of the reviewed data is unusable and 3 per cent is for plants with which no contact was established. The percentage distribution of onshore agencies by type of installation is of interest as shown in Table 4. The Coast Guard, meteorological substations, and water treatment plants all represent, numerically, data sources of the same order of magnitude. The numbers of data to be found in power plants and industries, and.from the U. S. Lake Survey and the Canadian Hydrographic Service are each about half of the percentage represented by the aforementioned three source types. Other meteorological sources and the Sanitary District Observers are, in turn, nearly equal and each less than half the percentage of the latter two source types. There are very few paper mills, research, and special organizations that were uncovered as data sources by the project (together about 1 per cent of the total). 132 133 Table 4 Summary of Knowledge of All Potential Data Sources TYPE OF INSTALLATION USABLE No. % UNUSABLE No. % NO CONTACT No. % TOTAL No. % ONSHORE Water treatment plants Power plants and industries U. S. Coast Guard Paper mills Sanitary District Observers U. S. Weather Bureau 1st & 2nd Order, U.S. Naval & Air Force Bases, Canadian Meteorological Division I U. S. Weather Bureau Cooperatives, Canadian Meteorological Division II, III, c U. S. Lake Survey, Canadian Hydrographic Service Other (research, individuals) 73 75 34 62 124 100 3 50 21 100 24 100 22 23 2 2 10 18 11 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 8.3 55 4.7 124 10.5 6 0.5 21 1.8 24 2.0 132 100 55 100 6 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 132 11.2 55 4.7 6 0.5 TOTAL ONSHORE 472 90.8 32 6.2 16 3.0 520 44.2 INLAND U. S. Weather Bureau 1st & 2nd Order, U.S. Naval & Air Force Bases, Canadian Meteorological Division I U. S. Weather Bureau Cooperatives, Canadian Meteorological Division II, III, c Research installations 67 100 585 100 5 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 5.7 585 49.7 5 0.4 TOTAL INLAND 657 100 0 0 0 0 657 55.8 TOTAL ONSHORE AND INLAND SOURCES 1129 95.9 32 2.7 16 1.4 1177 100.0 134 The 657 inland sources ares with the exception of five research installations, U, S. Weather Bureau, Us S. Naval Air, U. S. Air Force, or Canadian Meteorological Division stations. Data for all stations are usable, and all except those taken by the research groups are published. The USWB Cooperatives and CMD Class II, III, and c stations comprise by far the largest single source of data ascertained by the project. This source represents half of the total number of hydrographic and meteorological stations existing within the Great Lakes watershed. Data recorded by these stations, while few in variety, are basic to future studies that may examine applicability of meteorological parameters to hydrographic and fisheries problems. Table 5, entitled Summary of Knowledge of Usable Data Sources, presents a breakdown of sources from which data of apparent use to studies of Great Lakes hydrography and meteorology are available. Entries in this table have, as in lable 4, been categorized as onshore or inland, and are presented in terms of absolute number and per cent of total for each type agency. The principal difference between fable 5 and Table 4 is the effect of the 47 water and power plant installations for which there were few usable data or with which no contact was established. These are not accounted for in Table 5 which shows the percentage distribution for usable data sources only. The reduction in numbers is reflected by the drop from 8.3 per cent in Table 4 to 605 per cent of the total in Table 5. Power plant and industries percentage took an even greater proportionate drop since 21 of the 55 plants possessed few usable data or else no contact could be established with plant personnel. The results of this investigation are displayed in Tables 1, 2, and 3. The following data sources are not included in the Tables for reasons given on p. 110: 1. River discharge information obtainable from the U. S. Geological Survey and Canada Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources. 2. Information relating to meteorological observations obtained by lake freighters and other vessels. Table 1 lists the sources of usable hydrographic and/or meteorological data that are located within two miles of the lake shores. Table 2 lists the sources of usable meteorological data located more than two miles from the lake shores, but within the confines of the Great Lakes drainage basin. There are certain exceptions, namely, 126 U. S. Weather Bureau and Canadian Meteorological Division weather stations which lie just outside the limits of the drainage basin, but have been included in the compilation to provide more complete coverage in certain areas, Table 3 lists the potential sources which were investigated and found to possess no usable data. This table also includes those agencies with which suitable liason or contact could not be established. 135 Table 5 Summary of Knowledge of Usable Data Sources TYPE OF INSTALLATION FREQUENCY OF USABLE DATA SOURCES No. % ONSHORE Water treatment plants 73 6.5 Power plants and industries 34 3.0 U. S. Coast Guard 124 11.0 Paper mills 3 0.3 Sanitary District Observers 21 1.9 U. S. Weather Bureau 1st & 2nd Order, U. S. Naval & Air Force Bases, Canadian Meteorological Division I 24 2.1 U. S. Weather Bureau Cooperatives, Canadian Meteorological Division II, III, c 132 11.7 U. S. Lake Survey, Canadian Hydrographic Service 55 4.9 Other (research, individuals) 6 0.5 TOTAL ONSHORE 472 41.9 INLAND U. S. Weather Bureau 1st & 2nd Order, U. S. Naval & Air Force Bases, Canadian Meteorological Division I 67 5.9 U. S. Weather Bureau Cooperatives, Canadian Meteorological Division II, III, c 585 51.8 Research installations 5 0.4 TOTAL INLAND 657 58.1 TOTAL ONSHORE AND INLAND SOURCES 1129 100.0 136 Figure 8 is a histogram of the information contained in Table 4. The contribution of each type of data source is shown by percentage frequency distribution. The open portion of each bar indicates the percentage of usable sources, and the shaded portions indicate the percentages of unusable and "no contact" sources. Figure 9, also a histogram, summarizes the percentage of usable, unusable, and no contact sources for (1) the onshore sources, (2) the inland sources, ana (3) the total sources for the entire drainage basin. A bibliography is appended to this report which gives references on the subjects of hydrography and meteorology as they pertain to potentially applicable scientific problems of the Great Lakes. 50 \\\\ = Undetermined data sources //// Unusable data sources Open: Usable data sources 40 1 1 M 30 z 20 Hf Up 3 10 II7 H -I I ] ] I l. ] I... - --~- ~ ~ ~ Water Treat. Plant Power Plant, Indust. USCG Paper Mills Sanitary Dist. Obs. USWB Coop., CMD II,III,c USWB 1st Order, CMD I U. S. Lake Survey, Can. Hydro. Serv. Other USWB 1st Order, CMD I USWB Coop., CMD II,III,c Research Inst. ONSHORE DATA SOURCES Figure 8. Per cent frequency of INLAND DATA SOURCES all potential data sources. 100 90 80 z E-i 0 F4 H 04 ~34 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Usable Unusable No Contact ONSHORE DATA SOURCES Usable Unusable No Contact INLAND DATA SOURCES Usable Unusable No Contact TOTAL DATA SOURCES Figure 9. Sunmary of knowledge of all potential data sources. Appendix I BIBLIOGRAPHY Lake Superior Adams, C. C., 1909. Isle Royale as a biotic environment. Rept. St. Bd. Geol. Surv. Mich. (1908):1-56. Eddy, S., 1934. A study of fresh-water plankton communities. Bull. Univ. Ill., 31(45), Ill. Biol. Monog., 12(4):93 pp. __, 1943. Limnological notes on Lake Superior. Proc. Minn. Acad. Sci., 11:34-39. Mather, W. W., 1848. Notes and remarks connected with meteorology on Lake Superior, and on the variations in its level by barometric causes, and variations in the season. Am. Jour. Sci. Arts, 2d. Ser., 6(16):1-20. McLaughlin, A. J., 1912. Sewage pollution of interstate and international waters with special reference to the spread of typhoid fever. II. Lake Superior and St. Marys River. III. Lake Michigan and the Straits of Mackinac. IV. Lake Huron, St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. V. Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River. U. S. Treasure Dept., Hyg. Lab., Bull. (83):296 pp. Michigan Water Resources Commission, 1954. Great Lakes water temperatures at municipal sources along Michigan's shoreline. Mich. Water Res. Comm.:50 pp. Nichols, W. R., 1883. On the temperature of fresh-water ponds and lakes. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. (1880-1882), 21:53-82. Odenbach, F. L., 1905. Some temperatures taken on Lake Huron and Superior in July and August of 1904. Monthly Weather Rev., 33:154. Pettis, C. R., 1940. Typical quantitative analysis as applied to Lake Superior. Hydrology of the Great Lakes —A symposium. Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Engrs., 105(2074):795-806. Ruschmeyer, 0. R., T. A. Olson, and H. M. Bosch, 1957. Lake Superior study, summer of 1956, with a memorandum and recommendations by A. C. Redfield and a detailed literature review by T. Odlaug. In: Summary of report —preliminary limnological study. School of Public Health, Univ. Minn. Mimeographed. Schaller, W. T., 1915. The supposed vanadic acid from Lake Superior is copper oxide. Am. Jour. Sci., 4th. Ser., 39(232):404-406. 139 140 Smith, S. I., and A. E. Verrill, 1871. Notice of the invertebrata dredged in Lake Superior in 1871, by the U. SO Lake Survey, under the direction of Gen. C. B. Comstock, S. I. Smith Naturalist. Am. Jour. Sci. Arts, 3d. Ser., 2:448. Smith, S. Io, 1871. Preliminary report on the dredgings in Lake Superior. Rept. (U. S.) Sec. War (1871), Pt. 2:1-7. _ 1871, Dredging in Lake Superior under the direction of the U, S. Lake Survey. Am. Jour, Sci. Arts, 3d. Ser., 2:373-374.,__ 1871. The fauna of Lake Superior at great depths. Am. Nat., 5:722., 1874. The crustacea of the fresh waters of the United States. Rept. U. So Comm. Fish. (1872-1873), Pt. 2:637-665., 1874. Sketch of the invertebrate fauna of Lake Superior. Rept. U, S. Comm. Fish. (1872-1873), Pt. 2:690-707. Taylor, W. R,, 1935. Phytoplankton of Isle Royale. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc., 54(2):83-97. Teschemacher, J. E., 1851. On the vanadium minerals from Lake Superior. Am. Jour. Sci,, 2d. Ser., 11(32):233-234. U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 1899. Lake Superior. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1898), Pt. 24:CXLII-CXLIII. Whittlesey, C,, 1851. On the superficial deposits of the northwestern part of the United States. Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 5:54-59. Wright, S., 1931. Bottom temperatures in deep lakes. Science, N. S., 74 (1921):413. Lake Michigan Anonymous, 1925. The technical bases for the recommendations of the Board of Review, Pt. 2. Rept. Eng, Bd. Rev., Sanitary District Chicago, on the lake lowering controversy and a program of remedial measures.:109 pp., 1954. Great Lakes fishery investigations. Fishery and limnological survey of southern Lake Michigan ("Cisco" Cruise V). Comn Fish. Rev., 16(10):25-26. _ 1954. Great Lakes fishery investigations. Experimental gillnetting and trawling in southern Lake Michigan ("Cisco" Cruises VI and VII). Com. Fish. Rev., 16(11):29-31., 1955. Great Lakes fishery investigations: Fewer chubs found in shallow Lake Michigan water during fall ("Cisco" Cruises X and XI). Com. Fish. Rev., 17(2):24-25. 141, 1955. Great Lakes fishery investigations: Fishery conditions in northern Lake Michigan explored by "Cisco" (Cruises 3, 4, 5, 6). Comrn. Fish. Revo, 17(10):51-53.,_ 1955. Great Lakes fishery investigations: Survey of northern Lake Michigan continued by "Cisco" (Cruise 9). Com. Fish. Rev., 17(11):31-32., 1956. Great Lakes fishery investigations: "Cisco" returns from survey trip of northern Lake Michigan (Cruise 11). Com. Fish. Rev., 18(1):26-27.,_ 1956. Great Lakes fishery investigations. M/V "Cisco" tries to locate summer grounds of walleye in Lake Huron (Cruise 5). Lake Huron investigations continued by M/V "Cisco" (Cruise 6). Com. Fish. Rev., 18(11):38-39. Babcock, H. Ho, 1871. On the effect of the reversal of current of the Chicago river on the hydrant water. The Lens. Bading, G. A., 1909. Water conditions at Milwaukee. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich, Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:36-39. Barnard, H. E., and J. H. Brewster, 1909. The character of the water supply of Michigan City, Ind. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich. Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:133-189. __ 1909. The sanitary condition of the southern end of Lake Michigan, bordering Lake County, Indiana. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich. Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:191-266. Bartow, E., 1909. Report on water conditions in Illinois. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich, Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnary, and F. W. Shumway:40-62.,_ 1909. Methods of water analysis. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich. Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:96-108. _, 1911. Chemical and biological survey of the waters of Illinois (1909 and 1910). Water Surv. Sero (8), Bull. Univ. Ill., 8(23):148 pp.,_ and L. E. Birdsall, 1911. Composition and treatment of Lake Michigan water. 2d. Rept. Lake Mich. Water Comm. (1911):69-86. Bartow, E., 1912. Chemical and biological survey of the waters of Illinois (1911). Water Surv. Sero (9), Bull. Univ. Ill., 9(20):173 pp. Baylis, J. R., and H. M. Gerstein, 1929. Micro-organisms in the lake water at Chicago. Municipal News and Water Works, 76:291-296. Birge, E. A., 1882. Notes on crustacea in Chicago water supply with remarks on the formation of the carapace. Chicago Med. Jour. and Examiner (1881), 43:584-590. 142 Bowles, J, T-B., 1909. Investigation of typhoid fever epidemic at Sheboygan, Wisconsin, In: lst. Rept, Lake Micho Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:90-95. Church, P. E,, 1942. The annual temperature cycle of Lake Michigan. I. Cooling from late autumn to the terminal point, 1941-42. Univ. Chicago Insto Meteorol,, Misc. Rept. (4):48 pp. ____, 1945. The annual temperature cycle of Lake Michigan, II. Spring warming and summer stationary periods, 1942. Univ. Chicago Dept. Meteorol., Misc. Rept. (18):100 pp. ___, 1945. Steam-fog over Lake Michigan. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 26:353. _, 1946. The annual temperature cycle in Lake Michigan. Trans. Am. Geophys, Union, 27:109-110o Crohurst, H. R., and M. V. Veldee, 1927. Report of an investigation of the pollution of Lake Michigan in the vicinity of South Chicago and the Calumet and Indiana Harbors, 1924-1925. U. S. Publ. Health Bull. (170):134 pp. Domogalla, B. P., E, B. Fred, and W. H. Peterson, 1926. Seasonal variations in the ammonia and nitrate content of lake waters. Jour. Am. Water Works Assoc,, 15(4):369-385. Eddy, S,, 1927. The plankton of Lake Michigan. Bull. Ill. St. Div. Nat. Hist, Surv., 17(4):203-232, Eggleton, F. E,, 1936. The deep-water bottom fauna of Lake Michigan. Pap. Mich, Acad. Sci. Arts, Lett. (1935), 21:599-612. _, 1937. Productivity of the profundal benthic zone in Lake Michigan. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts, Lett. (1936), 22:593-611. Evans, W. A., 1909. Lake Michigan water for drinking purposes. Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., 53:1091-1093. Gehrmann, A., 1909. An experiment in chemical purification of water. In: 1st. Rept. Lake Mich, Water Comm., by E. Bartow, H. E. Barnard, and F. W. Shumway:120-124. Goddard, L. Wo, 1916. Currents in Lake Michigan, Paper presented before Grand Rapids(Mich.) Eng. Soc., May 24, 1916. Griffith, R. E,, 1955. Analysis of phytoplankton yields in relation to certain physical and chemical factors of Lake Michigan. Ecol., 36(4):543-552, Hoy, P. R., 1872. Deep-water fauna of Lake Michigan, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts, Lett. (1870-1872), 1:98-101. Kofoid, C. A., 1896. A report upon the Protozoa observed in Lake Michigan and the inland lakes in the neighborhood of Charlevoix, during the summer of 1894. App. 2 to: A biological examination of Lake 143 Michigan in the Traverse Bay region, by H. B. Ward. Bull. Mich. Fish Comm. (6): 76-84. Lackey, J. B., 1944. Quality and quantity of plankton in the south end of Lake Michigan in 1942. Jour. Am. Water Works Assoc., 36:669-674. Lapham, I. A., 1844. Wisconsin: A geographical and topographical description of Wisconsin with brief sketches of its history, geology, mineralogy, natural history, etc.:158-167. Milwaukee. Lauff, G. H., 1957. Some aspects of the physical limnology of Grand Traverse Bay. Publication no. 2, Great Lakes Research Institute, Univ. Mich.:56 pp. McLaughlin, A. J., 1912. Sewage pollution of interstate and international waters with special reference to the spread of typhoid fever. II. Lake Superior and St. Marys River. III. Lake Michigan and the Straits of Mackinac. IV. Lake Huron, St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. V. Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River. U. S. Treasury Dept., Hyg. Lab., Bull. (83):296 pp. Michigan Water Resources Commission, 1954. Great Lakes water temperatures at municipal sources along Michigan's shoreline. Mich. Water Res. Comm.:50 pp. Mohlman, F. W., and C. C. Ruchhoft, 1927. The quality of Lake Michigan water, raw and treated, from Waukegan to Gary. Proc. Lake Mich. Sanitation Congr., 3(2), (Apr.). -__-__, 1927. The quality of Lake Michigan water, raw and treated, from Waukegan to Gary during 1926. Proc. Lake Mich. Sanitation Congr., 3(4):31-47. Palmer, A. W., 1903. Chemical survey of the waters of Illinois. Report for the years of 1897-1902. Bull. (2), Univ. Ill.:254 pp. Pearse, L., F. 0. Tonney, and E. Bartow, 1911. Report on sanitary survey of Lake Michigan. Chicago to Waukegan. In:2d. Rept. Lake Mich. Water Comm.:39041, Peterson, W. H., E. B. Fred, and B. P. Domogalla, 1925. The occurrence of amino acids and other organic nitrogen compounds in lake water. Jour. Biol. Chem., 63(2):287-295. Stimpson, W., 1871. On the deep-water fauna of Lake Michigan. Am. Nat. (1870-1871), 4(7):403-405. Thomas, B. W., and H. H. Chase, 1886. Diatomaceae of Lake Michigan as collected during the last sixteen years from the water supply of the city of Chicago. Chicago, 1886. Also:Notarisia, Commentarium Phycologicum, Anno, 2(6):328-330, 1887. Venezia, Italia. Thomas, N. A., 1940. Taste and odor control on Lake Michigan. Jour. Am. Water Works Assoc., 32(7):1183-1186. 144 Townsend, C. McD., 1913-14, Effect upon the climate of the Lake States by a change in the natural current of Lake Michigan. U. S. House Representatives, 63rd. Congr., 2d. Sess., Doc. (762), App. C:40-71. _, 1916. The currents of Lake Michigan and their influence on the climate of the neighboring states. Jour. West. Soc. Engrs., 21:293-309. Ward, H. B,, 1896. A biological examination of Lake Michigan in the Traverse Bay region. Bull. Mich, Fish Comm. (6):1-71. Ward, R. H,, 1879. Purity of lake water, Amer. Naturalist. pp. 534-535. Whittlesey, CO, 1851. On the superficial deposits of the northwestern part of the United States. Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv, Sci., 5:54-59. Williamson, B. L., and Jo Greenbank, 1939. Investigation of the pollution of the Fox and East rivers and of Green Bay in the vicinity of the city of Green Bay, 1938-1939. Wis, St. Comm. Water Pollution, St. Bd. Health, and Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage Comm.:242 pp. Wright, S., 1931. Bottom temperatures in deep lakes. Science, N. S., 74(1921):413. Lake Huron Berry, A. E., 1951. Survey of industrial wastes in the Lake Huron-Lake Erie section of the international boundary waters. Pt. 1. Introduction and Canadian section. Sewage and Indust, Wastes, 23(4):508-517. Black, H. H., and L. F. Oeming, 1951. Survey of industrial wastes in the Lake Huron-Lake Erie section of the international boundary water. Pt. 2. United States section. Sewage and Indust. Wastes, 23(4):517-535. Cooper, W. F., 1905. Air and water temperatures. Rept. Mich. Acad. Sci. (1905):1-9,, 1905. The variation of land and water temperatures. Rept. Mich. Acad. Sci, (7):40-43. Drummond, A. T,, 1889. Temperatures in Lake Huron. Nature, 39:582. London. Ellis, J. B., and E, M. Sutherland, 1951. Report of the International Joint Commission, U. S. and Canada, on the pollution of boundary waters. 312 pp. Fry, F. E. J., and J. C. Budd, 1953. Preliminary reconnaissance of the waters of Georgian Bay. Paper presented at Ann. Meeting Am. Soc. Limnol. Oceanog., Madison, Wis., Sept. 7. Fry, F. E J., 1956. Movements of drift cards in Georgian Bay in 1953. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Can., 13(1):1-5. International Joint Commission, 1914. Progress report —in re the pollution of boundary waters —including report of the sanitary experts. Government Printing Office, Jan. 16, 1914:388 pp. Wash. 145 _____, 1918. Pollution of boundary waters. Report of the consulting sanitary engineer upon remedial measures. Government Printing Office, Mar. 8, 1916:159 pp. Wash. McLaughlin, A. J., 1912. Sewage pollution of interstate and international waters with special reference to the spread ofE typhoid fever. II. Lake Superior and St. Marys River. III. Lake Michigan and the Straits of Mackinac. IV. Lake Huron, St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. V. Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River. U. S. Treasury Dept., Hyg. Lab., Bull. (83):296 pp. Michigan Water Resources Commission, 1954. Great Lakes water temperatures at municipal sources along Michigan's shoreline. Mich. Water Res. Comm.:50 pp. Odenbach, F. L., 1905. Some temperatures taken on Lake Huron and Superior in July and August of 1904. Monthly Weather Rev., 33:154. Wright, S., 1931. Bottom temperatures in deep lakes. Science, N. S., 74(1921):413. Lake Erie Andrews, T. F., 1948. Temporary changes in certain limnological conditions in western Lake Erie produced by a windstorm. Ecol, 29(4):501-505. Anonymous, 1929. Preliminary report on Lake Erie Cooperative Survey. U. S. Fish. Serv. Bull. (173):2. Berry, A. E., 1951. Survey of industrial wastes in the Lake HuronLake Erie section of the international boundary waters. Pt. 1. Introduction and Canadian section. Sewage and Indust. Wastes, 23(4): 508-517. Black, H. H., and L. F. Oeming, 1951. Survey of industrial wastes in the Lake Huron-Lake Erie section of the international boundary waters. Pt. 2. United States section. Sewage and Indust. Wastes, 23(4):517-535. Blunt, W. T., 1897. Effect of gales on Lake Erie. Rept. U. S. Deep Waterways Comm. (1896):155-168. Britt, N. W., 1955. Stratification in western Lake Erie in summer of 1953: effects on the Hexagenia (Ephemeroptera) population. Eco., 36(2):239-244. _____, 1955. Hexagenia (Ephemeroptera) population recovery in western Lake Erie following the 1953 catastrophe. Ecol., 36(3):520-522. Brown, E. H., Jr., 1953. Survey of the Bottom fauna of the mouths of ten Lake Erie south shore rivers: its abundance, composition, and use as index of stream pollution. Lake Erie pollution survey-final report. Chapt. 5:156-170. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. 146 Burgess, P., 1908. Report of examination of water purification plants. In: RLport of an investigation of water and sewage purification plants in Ohio, 1906-1907, by Ohio St. Bd. Health:45-328. Burkholder, P. R., 1929. Microplankton studies of Lake Erie. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):73-93. Also in: A preliminary report on the joint survey of Lake Erie. Suppl. 18th Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:60-66, 1929.,_ 1929. Biological significance of the chemical analyses. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):65-72.,_ 1930. A biological survey of Lake Erie. Science, N. S., 71 (1837):288-289. Carman, J. E., 1930. Drainage changes in the Toledo region. Ohio Jour. Sci., 30:187-193. Chandler, D. C., 1940. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. I. Plankton and certain physical-chemical data of the Bass Islands region, from September, 1938, to November, 1939. Ohio Jour. Sci., 40(6):291-336.,_ 1942. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. II. Light penetration and its relation to turbidity. Ecol, 23(1)241-52.,_ 1942. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. III. Phytoplankton and physical-chemical data from November, 1939, to November, 1940. Ohio Jour. Sci., 42(1):24-44.,_ 1944. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. IV. Relation of limnological and climatic factors to the phytoplankton of 1941. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc., 63(3):203-236. _, and 0. B. Weeks, 1945. Limnological studies of western Lake Erie. V. Relation of limnological and meteorological conditions to the production of phytoplankton in 1942. Ecol. Monog., 15:435-457. Clark, F. N., 1884. Report of work at the United States hatchery, Northville, Mich., 1881-82. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1881), Pt. 9:1037 -1062. Crawford, L. C., 1953. Hydrology of Lake Erie and tributaries. Lake Erie pollution survey —final report, chapt. 2:19-28. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. Curl, H. C., 1953. A study of distribution of phosphorus in western Lake Erie and its utilization by natural phytoplankton populations. Lake Erie pollution survey-final report. In chapt. 5:133-136. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. Cutler, N. S., 1929. The biological investigations of pollution in the Erie-Niagara watershed. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. Suppl. 18th. Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:134-139. 147 Davis, C. Co, and H, B. Roney, 1953. A preliminary study of industrial pollution in the Cleveland Harbor area, Ohio. I. Physical and chemical results. Ohio Jour. Sci,, 53(1):14-30. Davis, C. C., 1953. Cleveland Harbor industrial pollution study. In: Lake Erie pollution survey —final report, chapt. 5:170-188. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. ___, 1954. A preliminary study of the plankton of the Cleveland Harbor area, Ohio. I1 The distribution and quantity of the phytoplankton. Ecol. Monog,, 24(4):321-347. ___, 1954. A preliminary study of the plankton of the Cleveland Harbor area, Ohio. III. The zooplankton, and general ecological considerations of phytoplankton and zooplankton production. Ohio Jour. Sci., 54(6):388-408. __, 1955, A preliminary study of industrial pollution in the Cleveland Harbor area, Ohio. IV, Plankton and industrial pollution in Cleveland Harbor. Jour. Sewage and Indust. Wastes, 27(7):835-850. Doan, K. H., 1942. Some meteorological and limnological conditions as factors in the abundance of certain fishes in Lake Erie. Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations (36), Ohio St. Univ.:47-49. __, 1942. Some meteorological and limnological conditions as factors in the abundance of certain fishes in Lake Erie. Ecol. Monog., 12:293-314. Donaldson, W,, and R. W. Furman, 1927. Quantitative studies of phenols in water supply. Jour. Am. Water Works Assoc., 18(5):605-620. Ellis, J, B,, and E. M. Sutherland, 1951. Report of the International Joint Commission, U S. and Canada, on the pollution of boundary waters.:312 pp. Ellms, J. W., 1922. A sanitary survey of Lake Erie made opposite Cleveland, Ohio, 1920. Jour. Am. Water Works Assoc., 9(2):186-207. __, 1924. Report of a sanitary survey of Lake Erie made opposite the eastern section of Cleveland for the purpose of locating a new water works intake.:22 pp. Photostat. Dept. Public Utilities, Cleveland, O. __ > 1940. Report on sanitary surveys of the water of Lake Erie opposite the city of Cleveland and its suburbs made during the past 36 years.:16 pp. Unpubl. MS. Ewers, L. A., 1930. The larval development of freshwater Copepoda. Ohio St. Univ., Franz Theodore Stone Lab., Contr, (3):43 pp. Fell, G, E., 1910. The currents at the easterly end of Lake Erie and head of Niagara River: their influence on the sanitation of the city of Buffalo, N. Y. Jour, Am. Med. Assoc., 55(10):828-834. Fish, C. J., 1929. Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):1-15 (Introduction), 195-220 (Summary and conclusions). 148, 1929. A preliminary report on the joint survey of Lake Erie. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. Suppl. 18th. Ann, Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:39-44 (Introduction, 100-106 (Summary and conclusions). Foulk, C. W., 1925. Industrial water supplies of Ohio. Geolo Surv. Ohio, 4th. Sero, Bull. (29):406 pp. Gacek, W. F., 1951. Mechanical analyses of sediments from southwest Lake Erie. Master's thesis, Univ. Mich. Gallagher, T. Go, 1944. A sound approach to the problem of stream pollutiono Ohio Cons. Bull., 8(1):19. Gottschall, R. Y,, 1930. Preliminary report on the phytoplankton and pollution in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci., 4:1-11. __ and 0. E. Jennings, 1933. Limnological studies at Erie, Pennsylvania. Trans, Am. Micro Soc., 52(3):181-191. Henry, A. J., 1902. Wind velocity and fluctuations of water level on Lake Erie. U. S. Dept. Agric., Weather Bur., Bull. (262):22 pp. Hildreth, S. P., 1837. Miscellaneous observations made during a tour in May 1835, to the Falls of Cuyahoga, near Lake Erie. Am. Jour. Sci., 31:1-84, Hutter, H. K., 1952. Eighty years of weather and climate at Toledo, Ohio. Ohio Jour. Sci., 52(2):62-75. International Joint Commission, 1914. Progress report —in re the pollution of boundary waters —including report of the sanitary experts. Government Printing Office, Jan. 16, 1914:388 pp. Wash. __, 1918. Pollution of boundary waters. Report of the consulting sanitary engineer upon remedial measures. Government Printing Office, Mar. 8, 1916:159 pp. Wash. Jackson, D. D., 1912. Report on the sanitary condition of the Cleveland water supply, on the probable effect of the proposed changes in sewage disposal, and on the various sources of typhoid fever in Cleveland. Div. Water, Cleveland.:148 pp. Jahoda, W. J., 1950. Seasonal differences in distribution of Diaptomus (Copepoda) in western Lake Erie (Abstract). Doctorate Dissertation, Ohio St. Univ., 58:211-216. Jennings, H. So., 1898. Trochosphaera again. Science, N. S., 8(199):551. _____, 1901. A report of work on the Protozoa of Lake Erie, with especial reference to the laws of their movements. Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. (1899), 19:105-114. Jennings, 0. E., 1930. A survey of the phytoplankton at Erie, Pennsylvania. Science, N. S., 71(1848):560-561. 149 Johnson, J. W., 1948. The characteristics of wind waves in lakes and protected bays. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 29(5):671-681. Johnson, W. H., 1948. Limnological investigations of central Lake Erie. Rept. to Univ. Western Ont. Kadel, B. C., 1917. Anemometer records on Buffalo office building compared with those secured near surface of Lake Erie. Monthly Weather Rev., 45(4):156-159. Kellicott, D. S., 1878. Notes on the microscopic life in the Buffalo water supply. Am. Jour. Micr. and Popular Sci., 3(11):250-252. Kindle, E. M., 1933. Erosion and sedimentation at Point Pelee. 42d. Ann. Rept., Ont. Dept. Mines, Pt. 2:1-29. Kinney, E. C., 1953. Solar radiation at Put-in-Bay, Ohio. MS. Stone Inst. Hydrobiol. Kirtland, J. P., 1852. Peculiarities of the climate, flora, and fauna of the south shore of Lake Erie, in the vicinity of Cleveland, Ohio. Am. Jour. Sci., 2d. Ser., 13:215-219, 293-294. Krecker, F. H., 1931. Vertical oscillations or seiches in lakes as a factor in the aquatic environment. Ecol., 12(1):156-163., and L. Y. Lancaster, 1933. Bottom shore fauna of western Lake Erie: A population study to a depth of six feet. Ecol., 14(2):79-93. Lamar, W., 1953. Chemical and physical quality examination. Lake Erie pollution survey-final report. Chapt. 4:81-123. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. Landacre, F. L., 1908. The Protozoa of Sandusky Bay and vicinity. Proc. Ohio St. Acad. Sci., 4, Pt. 10:421-472. Langlois, T. H., 1954. The western end of Lake Erie and its ecology.:479 pp. J. W. Edwards, Publisher, Inc., Ann Arbor. Lewis, S. J., 1906. Quality of water in the upper Ohio River basin and at Erie, Pennsylvania. U. S. Geol. Surv., Water-supply Pap. (161): 114 pp. McLaughlin, A. J., 1911. Sewage pollution of interstate and international waters, with special reference to the spread of typhoid fever. I. Lake Erie and the Niagara River. U. S. Treasury Department, Hyg. Lab., Bull (77), Pt. 1:169 pp. McRae, H. C., and I. P. Kane, 1918. Engineering studies. Interception and treatment of riparian sewage. Detroit and St. Clair River District (1916). App. 1. Pollution of boundary waters. Internat. Joint Comm.:23-65. Metcalf, I. S. H., 1940. The influence of a shore community on the distribution of certain fishes in Lake Erie, with especial reference to the white bass. Doctoral dissertat. Western Reserve Univ. 150, 1942. The attraction of fishes by disposal plant effluent in a fresh water lake. Ohio Jour. Sci., 42(5):191-197. Meyer, B. S., and A. C. Heritage, 1941. Effect of turbidity and depth of immersion on apparent photosynthesis in Ceratophyllum demersum. Ecol., 22(1):17-22. Michigan Water Resources Commission, 1954. Great Lakes water temperatures at municipal sources along Michigan's shoreline. Mich. Water Res. Comm.:50 pp. Mills, H., 1882. Microscopic organisms in the Buffalo water supply and in the Niagara River. Proc. Am. Soc. Micr., 5th Ann. Meeting:165-175. Moseley, E. L., 1903. Rainfall and the level of Lake Erie. Nat. Geog. Mag., 14:327-328. Oberholtzer, G. R., 1911. The currents of Lake Erie; the possible cause of the contamination of the water supply of the city of Erie by sewage discharged into the harbor. Rept. to Chief U. S. Weather Bur. (Feb.). Ohio, State of, 1902. Sixteenth annual report, for the year ending October 31, 1901. Ohio St. Bd. Health:495 pp. Olson, F. C. W., 1952. The currents of western Lake Erie (Abstract). Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio St. Univ., 62:419-424. Osburn, R. C., 1926. A preliminary study of the extent and distribution of sewage pollution in the west end of Lake Erie. Ohio Div. Fish and Game:6 pp. Mimeographed. ___, 1926. Details regarding preliminary pollution survey of Lake Erie. Ohio Div. Fish and Game:14 pp. Mimeographed. Parmenter, R., 1929. Hydrography. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. II. A preliminary report on-the joint survey of Lake Erie. Suppl. 18th. Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:45-55.,_ 1929. Hydrography of Lake Erie. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):25-50. Perkins, R. G., 1911. Typhoid fever in Cleveland in relation to pollutions of Lake Erie. Cleveland Med. Jour., 10(2):81-104. Pincus, H. J., 1953. The motion of sediment along the south shore of Lake Erie. Proc. 4th Conf. on Coastal Eng., Chicago, 1953 Council on Wave Research. Remick, J. T., 1942. Effect of Lake Erie on the local distribution of precipitation in winter. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 23:1-4, 111-117. Shelford, V. E., and M. W. Boesel, 1942. Bottom animal communities of the summer of 1937. Ohio Jour. Sci., 42(5):179-190. 151 Smith, H. M., 1898. Biological survey of Lake Erie. Science, N. S., 8(183):13-14. _, 1900. Report on the inquiry respecting food-fishes and the fishing-grounds. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1899), Pt. 25:CXIX-CXLVI. ___, 1901. Report on the inquiry respecting food-fishes and the fishing-grounds. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1900), Pt. 26:119-135. Snow, J. W., 1903. The plankton algae of Lake Erie, with special reference to the Chlorophyceae. Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. (1902), 22:369-394, 1904. Doc. (529) issued Aug. 4, 1903. Stehle, M. E., 1923. Surface plankton Protozoa from Lake Erie in the Put-in-Bay region. Ohio Jour. Sci., 23(1):41-54. Streeter, H. W., 1953. Bacterial and sanitary analyses. Lake Erie pollution survey —final report. Chapt. 3:29-80. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. Taft, C. E., 1942. Additions to the algae of the west end of Lake Erie. Ohio Jour. Sci., 42(6):251-256. __, 1945. The desmids of the west end of Lake Erie. Ohio Jour. Sci., 45(5)180-205. Tidd, W. M., 1928. Zooplankton investigation in the west end of Lake Erie for the spring, summer and fall of 1928. Ohio Div. Fish and Game:3 pp. Mimeographed., 1955. The zooplankton of western Lake Erie. In: Limnological survey of western Lake Erie, by Stillman Wright. Spec. Sci. Rept.: Fish. (139), U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv.:200-249. Tiffany, L. H., 1929. Algae of Lake Erie in relation to pollution.:2 pp. Mimeographed., and E. H. Ahlstrom, 1931. New and interesting plankton algae from Lake Erie. Ohio Jour. Sci., 31(6):455-467. Tiffany, L. H., 1934. The plankton algae of the west end of Lake Erie. Ohio St. Univ., Franz Theodore Stone Lab., Contr. (6):112 pp. __, 1937. The filamentous algae of the west end of Lake Erie. Am. Midland Nat., 18(6):911-951., 1955. The phytoplankton of western Lake Erie. In: Limnological survey of western Lake Erie, by Stillman Wright. Spec. Sci. Rept.:Fish. (139), U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv.:139-200. Turner, C. H., 1892. Notes on the Cladocera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, Rotifera of Cincinnati, with descriptions of new species. Bull. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ., 6(2):57-74. U. S. Public Health Service, 1951. Lake Erie drainage basin. A cooperative state-federal report on water pollution. Water Pollution Ser. (11), U. S. P. H. Serv. Publ. (119):42 pp. 152 Van Gieson, P., 1942. Studies of bathing beach waters of Cleveland. Ann. Rept., Ohio Conference on Sewage Treatment, 15:39-43. Van Oosten, J., 1929. Some fisheries problems on the Great Lakes. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc., 59:63-85., 1948. Turbidity as a factor in the decline of Great Lakes fishes with special reference to Lake Erie. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. (1945), 75:310-337. Verber, J. L., 1953. Tentative summary of studies of water movements in Lake Erie. Lake Erie pollution survey —final report. Chapt. 5:136. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res. _, 1953. Surface water movement in western Lake Erie. Ohio Jour. Sci., 53(1):42-46., 1955. Rotational water movements in western Lake Erie. Proc. Internat. Assoc. Theoret. Appl. Limnol., 12:97-104. ____, 1955. The climates of South Bass Island, western Lake Erie. Ecol., 36(3):388-400. __, 1955. Bibliography of physical limnology, 1781-1954. Rept. Invest. (25), Contr. (4) Lake Erie Geol. Res. Program, Ohio Dept. Nat. Res.:57 pp. Verduin, J., 1950. Data for converting light penetration to turbidity in ppm. Franz Theodore Stone Inst. Hydrobiol., Put-in-Bay, Ohio. Unpubl., 1951. A comparison of phytoplankton data obtained by a mobile sampling method with those obtained from a single station. Am. Jour. Bot., 38(1) 5-11., 1951. Comparison of spring diatom crops of western Lake Erie in 1949 and 1950. Ecol., 32(4):662-668., 1952. Photosynthesis and growth rates of two diatom communities in western Lake Erie. Ecol., 33(2):163-168. __, 1953. The suspended silt in western Lake Erie during the spring of 1951. Lake Erie pollution survey —final report. Chapt. 5:130-133. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res., 1954. Phytoplankton and turbidity in western Lake Erie. Ecol., 35(4):550-561., 1956. Primary production in lakes. Limnol. and Oceanog., 1(2):85-91. Vorce, C. M., 1881. Forms observed in water of Lake Erie. Proc. Am. Soc. Micr., 4:50-60., 1882. Microscopic forms observed in the waters of Lake Erie. Proc. Am. Soc. Micr., 5:187-196. 153 Wagner, F. E., 1929. Chemical investigation of the Erie-Niagara watershed. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. Suppl. 18th. Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:107-133. Walton, L. B., 1915. A review of the described species of the order Euglenoidina Bloch., class Flagellata (Protozoa), with particular reference to those found in the city water supplies and in other localities of Ohio. Ohio St. Univ. Bull., 19(5), Ohio Biol. Surv. Bull., 1(4):341-457. Weeks, O. B., and D. C. Chandler, 1945. A visual comparator for the estimation of turbidities of lake water of less than 25 ppm. Limn. Soc. Am., Spec. Publ. (17):4 pp. Whipple, G. C., 1905. Report on the quality of the water supply of the city of Cleveland, Ohio. Div. Water Repts., Cleveland. Whittlesey, C., 1851. On the superficial deposits of the northwestern part of the United States. Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 5:54-59. Williams, R. C., 1929. Pollution studies in the light of the chemical analyses. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):60-64., 1929. Chemical studies of Lake Erie. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. II. A preliminary report on the joint survey of Lake Erie. Suppl. 18th. Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:58-60. Wilson, C. B., 1929. The macroplankton of Lake Erie. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):94-135. __, 1929. The macroplankton of Lake Erie. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. II. A preliminary report on the joint survey of Lake Erie. Suppl. 18th. Ann, Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:67-76. Wood, H. A. H., 1951. Erosion on the shore of Lake Erie —Point aux Pins to Long Point. Master's thesis. McMaster Univ. Wood, K. G., 1953. Polarograms of oxygen in lake water. Science, 117:560-561., 1953. Distribution and ecology of certain bottom living invertebrates of the western basin of Lake Erie (Abstract). Doctorate Dissertation, Ohio St. Univ., 72. Wright, S., 1931. Bottom temperatures in deep lakes. Science, N. S., 74(1921):413., 1932. Pollution in western Lake Erie. The Fisherman, 1(6):3-4, 10. and W. M. Tidd, 1933. Summary of limnological investigations in western Lake Erie in 1929 and 1930. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 63:271-285. 154 Wright, S., 1955. Limnological survey of western Lake Erie. Spec. Sci. Rept.:Fish. (139), U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv.:341 pp. Young, M. K., 1928. Report on chemical investigations of the cooperative biological survey of 1927 and 1928. Ohio Div. Fish and Game:10 pp. Mimeographed. Youngquist, C. V., 1953. Lake Erie pollution survey —final report. Introductiono Chapt. 1:13-18. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res.,_ 1953. Lake Erie pollution survey —supplement. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res.:125 pp. Zillig, A. M., 1929. Bacteriological studies of Lake Erie. In: Preliminary report on the cooperative survey of Lake Erie —season of 1928. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., 14(3):51-59.,_ 1929. Bacterial studies of Lake Erie. In: A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. II. A preliminary report on the joint survey of Lake Erie. Suppl. 18th. Ann. Rept. (1928), N. Y. Cons. Dept.: 56-58. Lake Ontario Adamstone, F. B., 1924. The distribution and economic importance of the bottom fauna of Lake Nipigon with an appendix on the bottom fauna of Lake Ontario. Univ. Toronto Studies, Biol. Ser., Publ. Ont. Fish. Res. Lab. (24):33-100. Clark, L. J., 1892. Lake currents. Trans Roy. Can. Inst. (1890-1891, 2:154-157, 1892.,_ 1893. Lake currents. Trans. Roy. Can. Inst. (1891-1892), 3:275-280, 1893. Dewey, C., 1838. Temperature of Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 33:403-405. __ 1839. On the temperature of Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 37:242-243.,_ 1859. Varying level of Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 2d. Ser., 27:398-399. Drummond, A. T., 1889. Some Lake Ontario temperatures. Nature, 40:416. London. Faigenbaum, H. M., 1932. Chemical investigation of the Oswegatchie and Black river watersheds. In: A biological survey of the Oswegatchie and Black river systems (Including also the lesser tributary streams of the Upper St. Lawrence River and of northeastern Lake Ontario). Biol. Surv. (1931), (6), Suppl. 21st. Ann. Rept. (1931), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:150-188. Farrell, M. A., 1932. Pollution studies. In: A biological survey of the Oswegatchie and Black river systems (Including also the lesser tributary 155 streams of the Upper St. Lawrence River and of Northeastern Lake Ontario). Biol. Surv. (1931), (6), Suppl. 21st. Ann. Rept. (1931), *N. Y. Cons. Dept.:189-198. Goodwin, W. L., 1892. The water supply of the city of Kingston, Ontario. Can. Rec. Sci., 5(2):117-127. Kindle, E. M., 1915. Note on bottom currents in Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 4th. Ser., 39:192-196. __, 1915. Limestone solution on the bottom of Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 4th. Ser., 39(234):651-656. Langford, R. R., 1946. The study of seasonal and annual plankton production in the eastern end of Lake Ontario. Proc. 9th. Meet. Nation. Comm. Fish Cult., App. "D". M'Anslan, W., 1888. On the temperature of Lake Ontario. Am. Jour. Sci., 33:403. McLaughlin, A. J., 1912. Sewage pollution of interstate and international waters, with special reference to the spread of typhoid fever. II. Lake Superior and St. Marys River. III. Lake Michigan and the Straits of Mackinac. IV. Lake Huron, St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. V. Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River. U. S. Treasury Dept., Hyg. Lab., Bull. (83):296 pp. Sibley, C. K., 1932. Fish food studies. In: A biological survey of the Oswegatchie and Black river systems (Including also the lesser tributary streams of the Upper St. Lawrence River and of northeastern Lake Ontario). Biol. Surv. (1931), (6), Suppl. 21st. Ann. Rept. (1931), N. Y. Cons. Dept.:120-132. Tressler, W. L., T. S. Austin, and E. Orban, 1953. Seasonal variation of some limnological factors in Irondequoit Bay, New York. Am. Midland Nat., 49:878-903. Tucker, A., 1948. The phytoplankton of the Bay of Quinte. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc., 67(4):365-383. Whipple, G. C., 1913. Effect of the sewage of Rochester, N. Y. on the Genesee River and Lake Ontario under present conditions. In: Report on the sewage disposal system of Rochester, New York, by Edwin A. Fisher, App. 5:177-239. All Great Lakes Abbe, C., 1898. The rainfall and outflow of the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev., 26(4):164-166., 1898. Temperature of lake water. Monthly Weather Rev., 26(5):167. Blackwell, T. E., 1869. On the hydrology of the basin of the River Saint Lawrence. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., 13, Pt. 3:249-304. 156 Brater, E. F., 1953. Hydrology and meteorology section. In: Rept. Conf. Upper Great Lakes by Fred K. Sparrow:7-11. Clarke, F. W., 1924. The composition of the river and lake waters of the United States. Prof. Pap.(135), U. S. Geol. Surv.:199 pp. Conger, N. B., 1899. Water temperature of the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev. (8):352., 1908. Ice conditions on the Great Lakes, winter of 1907-08. Monthly Weather Rev. and Ann. Summary, 36(1):137-140., 1908. Storms and ice on the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev., 36(8):236-244., 1909. Ice conditions on the Great Lakes, winter of 1908-09. Monthly Weather Rev., 37(6):244-246. Day, P. C., 1927. Precipitation in the drainage area of the Great Lakes, 1875-1924, with discussion of the levels of the separate lakes and their relation to the annual precipitation. U. S. Weather Bur., Monthly Weather Rev. (1926), 54(3):85-106. Dewey, D., 1846. Facts relating to the Great Lakes. Am. Jour. Sci., 2d. Ser., 2:85-87. Also in: Edinb. New Phil. Jour., 17:295, 1847. Dole, R. B., 1908. The waters of the Great Lakes. Paper presented before Am. Public Health Assoc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, August, 1908.,_ 1909. The quality of surface waters in the United States. Pt. 1. Analyses of waters east of the one hundredth meridian. U. S. Geol. Surv., Water-supply Pap. (236):123 pp. Drummond, A. T., 1890. Some temperatures in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence. Can. Rec. Sci., 4(2):77-85. _, 1892. Some lake and river temperatures. Can. Rec. Sci., 5(1):13-19. Eshleman, C. H., 1921. Do the Great Lakes diminish rainfall in the crop growing season? U. S. Weather Bur., Monthly Weather Rev., 49(9):5000 -503. Garriott, E. B., 1903. Storms of the Great Lakes. U. S. Dept. Agric., Weather Bur. (288), Bull. K. Gaylord, W., 1938. Influence of the Great Lakes on our autumnal sunsets. Am. Jour. Sci., 33:335-341. Hachey, H. B., 1952. Vertical temperature distribution in the Great Lakes. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Can., 9(7):325-328. Harrington, M. W., 1894. Currents of the Great Lakes as deduced from the movements of bottle papers during the seasons of 1892 and 1893. U. S. Dept. Agric., Weather Bur., Bull. B:6 pp. 157 _, 1895. Surface currents of the Great Lakes, as deduced from the movements of bottle papers during the seasons of 1892, 1893, and 1894. U. S. Dept. Agric., Weather Bur., Bull. B. (rev. edit.):l-14. Henry, A. J., 1899. Normal precipitation in the region of the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev., 27(4):151-153. ____, 1900. Lake levels and wind phenomena. Monthly Weather Rev., 28(5):203-205. __, 1905. High water in the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev., 33(2):47-49. ___., and N. B. Conger, 1905. Meteorological chart of the Great Lakes. U. S. Dept. Agric., Weather Bur., (333), (1):19 pp. Hickman, H. C., 1940. Evaporation experiments. Hydrology of the Great Lakes —a symposium. Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Engrs., 105(2074): 807-818. Higgins, 1930. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish. for 1929, pp. 710-718. Horton, R. E., and C. E. Grunsky, 1927. Hydrology of the Great Lakes. Report of the Engineering Board of Review of the Sanitary District of Chicago on the lake lowering controversy and a program of remedial measures. Pt. 3, App. 2:432 pp. Leighly, J. E., 1941. Effects of the Great Lakes on the annual march of air temperatures in their vicinity. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts. Lett., 27:377-414. Lenhardt, L. G., 1955. Water quality and water usage of the Great Lakes public water supplies. The Great Lakes and Michigan. Great Lakes Res. Inst., Univ. Mich.:13-15. Millar, F. G., 1952. Surface temperatures of the Great Lakes. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Can., 9(7):329-376. Nasmith, G. G., and F. Adams, 1914. Wind driven currents in the Great Lakes and their effect on municipal water supply. Jour. Preventive Medicine and Sociology, 16(6):246-253. Pettis, C. R., 1939. Hydrology of the Great Lakes. Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Engrs, 104:584-596. -_, H. C. Hickman, et al, 1940. Hydrology of the Great Lakes —A symposium. Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Engrs., 105(2074):794-849. Poore, C., and L. E. Cooley, 1897. The ice season —Basin of the Great Lakes and surrounding territory. Rept. U. S. Deep Waterways Comm. (1896), House Representatives, 54th. Congr., 2d. Sess., Doc.(192):193 -263. Russell, I. C., 1895. Lakes of North America.:125 pp. Ginn and Co. Schermerhorn, L. Y., 1887. Physical characteristics of the northern and northwestern lakes. Am. Jour. Sci., 3d. Ser., 33(196):278-284. 158 Smith, S. H., 1957. Limnological surveys of the Great Lakes —early and recent. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. (1956), 86:409-418. Streeter, H. W., 1930. Studies of the efficiency of water purification processes. IV. Report on a collective survey of the efficiency of a selected group of municipal water purification plants located along the Great Lakes. U. S. Public Health Bull. (193):100 pp. Visher, S. S., 1943. Some climatic influences of the Great Lakes. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 24:205-210. Wisner, G. Y., 1898. The rainfall and outflow of the Great Lakes. Monthly Weather Rev., 26(5):215-216. Zacharias, 0,, 1894. Biologische Untersuchungen in amerikanischen Seen. Biologisches Centralblatt, 14:605-6-7. ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous, 1956. A study of organic contaminants in boundary waters using carbon filter techniques. Lake Huron-Lake Erie, 1953-1955. Prepared for the Inter. Joint Comm., U. S. and Canada, by U. S. Dept. Health, Ed., and Welfare, Public Health Serv.; Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engin. Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, and Ont. Dept. Health, Toronto, Ontario. ____, 1954. Public Water Supply Data, Bulletin No. 19, Bureau of Environmental Sanitation, New York State Dept. of Health, Albany, N. Y. Gillies, D. K. A., 1955. Meteorological factors affecting Lake Erie: A progress report. Hydro-Electric Power Comm. Ont., Res. Div. Rpt., File 819.514, mimeographed. Hunt, M. I. A., 1958. Evaporation of Lake Ontario. U. S. Lake Survey, Corps of Engineers. Paper presented Amer. Soc. Civil Engrs., Chicago, 25 Feb. Ingram, W. M., 1957, Rev. Handbook of Selected Biological References on Water Pollution Control, Sewage Treatment, Water Treatment. U. S. Dept. Health, Ed., and Welfare, Public Health Serv., Bur. State Services, Water Supply and Water Pollution Control Program, Washington 25, D. C. _____, 1956. Handbook of Selected Biological References (Supplement) on Water Pollution Control, Sewage Treatment, Water Treatment. Water Pollution Control, Water Supply and Water Pollution Control Program, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Eng. Center, U. S. Dept. Health, Ed., and Welfare, Public Health Service, Cincinnati, Ohio., mimeographed. Ropes, G. E., 1954. Precipitation over northeastern Lake Michigan (November 1952-October 1953). U. S. Lake Survey, Corps of Engrs., U. S. Army, 630 Federal Bldg., Detroit, Mich., mimeographed. 159 Thomas, J. F. J., 1954. Industrial Water Resources of Canada, Water Survey Report No. 3. Upper St. Lawrence River-Central Lakes Drainage Basin in Canada. Canada Dept. Mines and Techn. Surveys, Mines Branch, Indust. Miner. Div., Ottawa, Ont. Thoman, J. R. Statistical Summary of Sewage Works in the United States. Supplement 213, Public Health Reports, Federal Security Agency, Public Health Service, Washington 25, D. C. 160 APPENDIX II INDEX AND PERIOD OF RECORD FOR METBDROIOGICAL STATIONS IN ONTARIO JULY 1958 This appendix contains listings of all Ontario stations that make observations of the following meteorological elements: 1. Wind 3. Temperature 2. Sunshine 4. Precipitation This index should be used as a supplement to the information on Ontario stations given in tables 1 and 2. There are many more stations reported here than are listed for Ontario in the two tables, because the tables were prepared to show only stations within the Great Lakes Drainage Basin. In this regard, the symbols OS, DB, DB*, and Out are used in the Notes column of the Appendix. These indicate into which classification the stations should be placed according to whether they are, respectfully, onshore stations, stations greater than two miles inland from the shore but within the Drainage Basin, within a few miles of the Drainage Basin boundary but geographically outside, or completely outside the Basin. The parenthetical suffixes following the station listing indicate the type of observational facility, A for airport, R for radio range, etc. The notation A under the Active 1958 column heading indicates the station sc marked was in operation at the time the index was compiled. Explanatory prefaces to each of the sections of the Index are included as prepared by the Climatological Section of the Canadian Meteorological Division. Grateful acknowledgment is herewith tendered to that office for its cooperation and assistance. Index of Wind Reporting Stations in the Province of Ontario 1. Stations: This index contains a list of all the stations in the Province of Ontario which have reported autographic wind data since January 1922. Since January 1955, stations without autographic wind equipment, but which record hourly observations of wind as part of the aviation weather reports, have been included. Most of the stations will have fairly continous homogeneous records over the period of years involved, but at some the position of the anemometer may have been changed one or more times. For practical purposes, we have considered each station record as homogeneous. 2. Location: Precise location of each station is given in the January issues of the Monthly Record. In the list that follows, the county in which each observation station is located has been listed. Where stations have had different names, or where the period of record does not extend over the whole year, such facts are noted at the right hand side of the index. 3. Period of Record: The first month where data are available in the Meteorological Headquarters abstracts is shown as the date on which the station was opened. Similarly, the last month of record from the abstract is shown as the closed date. Stations in operation in July 1958 have been so marked in the proper column. When a station has appreciable break in the records, this fact has been noted. 4. Data: Percentage frequencies of wind direction and mean wind speed are shown for most of these stations in Climatic Summaries Volume II. From 1922 to 1954 the data have been abstracteC from anemograms obtained from anemometers of the Robinson cup type. At the beginning of the period the four-cup anemometer was used, but during the early 1930's these were replaced by the three-cup anemometer. The anemograms record the number of miles of wind in each hour along witt prevailing direction. Since January 1955, at those stations where hourly observations of the wind speed and direction are taken and recorded, these data have been processed instead of anemogram data. For practical purposes, data from the two sources should be considered as being the 161 same. At each observing station the anemometer is placed in the most representative location possible and an attempt is made to place the anemometer head thirty feet above the surface of the ground. A more complete discussion of wind data is to be found in the wind text of Climatic Summaries Volume II, Canadian Meteorological Division. WIND RECORDS Station County or District Active Closed 1958 Notes Agincourt Armstrong (A) Camp Borden (A) Caribou Island Centralia (A) Chalk River Clear Creek (R) Cobourg Cochrane Earlton (A) Fergus Fort William (A) Fullarton Gore Bay (A) Graham (A) Guelph Haileybury Hamilton (Marine) Hamilton (R.B.G.) Kapuskasing (A) Kenora (A) Killaloe (A) Kingston Lansdowne House London (A) London (Lambeth) Long Point Main Duck Island Maitland Malton (A) Moosonee Muskoka (A) York Thunder Bay Simcoe Thunder Bay Huron Renfrew Norfolk Northumberland Cochrane Timiskaming Wellington Thunder Bay Perth Manitoulin Thunder Bay Wellington Timiskaming Wentworth Wentworth Cochrane Kenora Renfrew Frontenac Patricia Middlesex Middlesex Norfolk Prince Edward Grenville York Cochrane Muskoka Jan Apr Aug Sept Jan Jan Jan Jan 1922 Jan 1950 Aug 1938 1940 1942 1950 1931 1955 1926 1924 Oct 1938 Mar 1955 Sept 1941 Jan 1958 Dec 1945 Oct 1945 Apr 1950 Dec 1938 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A DB DB Wagaming; DB DB Summer station; OS DB DB OS OS Out DB Lakehead Airport; OS DB Aug June Jan 1948 1951 1922 Nov 1931 Nov 1953 July 1951 Dec 1952 OS DB DB Out OS OS Out Out DB OS June Feb Sept Jan Jan Aug Mar Apr 1938 1923 1938 1922 1957 1940 1931 1922 1944 1952 1937 1938 1943 1938 June 1942 July 1940 Dec 1954 Nov 1954 June 1953 Mar 1939 Out DB DB Summer station; OS May Dec Nov Jan Feb Aug Summer station; OS OS A Toronto Malton Airport; DB A A A A Out DB Nakina (A) North Bay (A) Thunder Bay Nipissing May 1939 Jan 1939 DB DB Oak Ridges Ottawa (A) Ottawa (Exp. Farm) Ottawa (N.R.C.) York Carleton Carleton Carleton Jan Nov May Dec 1922 1939 1934 1951 Sept 1941 Dec 1940 Aurora; DB A Ottawa Uplands Airport; DB* Out A Out Pagwa (A) Cochrane Nov 1938 A DB* 162 County or Active Station District Open Close 1958 Notes Parry Sound Parry Sound Jan 1922 Dec 1949 OS Pickle Lake Patricia Nov 1955 A Out Porquis Junction (A) Cochrane Jan 1939 Mar 1955 A Out Port Arthur Thunder Bay Jan 1922 July 1941 OS Rockcliffe (A) Carleton Aug 1950 A Ottawa Rockcliffe Airport; DB* St. Catharines (P. Lab.) Lincoln July 1952 A DB Sarnia (R) Lambton Sept 1948 June 1951 OS Sioux Lookout (A) Kenora Jan 1936 June 1950 Out Jan 1955 Southampton Bruce Jan 1922 Dec 1945 Nov 1951 Nov 1952 Dec 1954 A Broken from 1955 on; OS South Bay Mouth Manitoulin July 1954 A OS Stirling (R) Hastings Mar 1940 A DB Sudbury (A) Sudbury Jan 1954 A DB Sudbury Sudbury Oct 1947 Jan 1955 DB Timmins (A) Cochrane Apr 1955 A Out Toronto York Jan 1922 A OS Toronto (Downsview) (A) York Oct 1956 A DB Trenton (A) Hastings Apr 1941 Dec 1941 Jan 1947 A OS Trout Lake Patricia July 1953 A Out Vineland Lincoln Apr 1932 Feb 1958 DB White River Algoma Jan 1922 A DB Wiarton (A) Bruce Jan 1955 A OS Windsor (A) Essex Sept 1940 A DB Index of Bright Sunshine Reporting Stations in the Province of Ontario 1. Stations: This index is a list of all the stations in the Province of Ontario which have reported bright sunshine data since 1881. While there have been relocations of some of the stations, for practical purposes, all the data for each station should be considered as homogeneous. 2. Location: The precise location of each station in this index is shown in the January issue of the Monthly Record during many of the years of record for each station. Alternate station names and whether or not the record is complete for the year as a whole is shown on the right hand side of the index. 3. Period of Record: The first month where data are available in Meteorological Headquarters abstracts is shown as the date on which the station opened. Similarly, the last month of record in the abstract is shown as the closed date. Where stations were in operation in July 1958 the symbol A has been shown in the proper column. 4. Bright Sunshine Data: In Canada, bright sunshine is recorded on a Campbell-Stokes recorder. By means of a glass sphere, sunshine is focused to produce a burn on a narrow sunshine chart from which the observer is able to scale off the number of hours a day on which a bright sun was shining. These daily totals, which are scaled off to a tenth of an hour, are added to give the monthly total of bright sunshine in hours. The recorder, which is usually placed on a stand, is mounted free from all obstructions from horizon to horizon so that no shadows will fall across !63 the recorder in any season. Attention should be given to the fact that the Canadian bright sunshine values differ from the U.S.W.B. values of visible sunshine. Visible sunshine values are usually considerably higher than bright sunshine values since the sunshine will not register on a Campbell-Stokes recorder when there is a thin layer of high cloud or in the intervals about one half an hour after sunrise and before sunset. SUNSHINE RECORDS Station Armstrong (A) County or District Thunder Bay Open Aug 1938 Active Close 1958 Notes Barrie Belleville (Par. Lab.) Brampton Caribou Island Chalk River Chatham Combermere Cornwall Cornwall (0.. Hydro.) S imcoe Hastings Peel Thunder Bay Renfrew Kent Renfrew Stormont Stormont Dec Sept Sept July May Sept Oct Feb Sept Mar 1882 1905 1929 1950 1944 1931 1933 1957 1882 1957 Aug 1903 Dec 1931 Apr 1953 A Wagaming; DB DB OS A DB A A A A A Summer station; OS DB DB Out Out Out Delhi Durham Norfolk Grey Fullarton Gr avenhurs t Perth Muskoka Nov 1934 Oct 1897 Nov 1957 May 1902 Feb 1915 Oct 1914 June 1906 May 1918 Jan 1931 Guelph Haileybury Harrow Hearst Kapuskasing Kingston Kingsville Kohler Lindsay London (Lambeth) London (A) Maitland Moosonee Wellington Timiskaming Essex Cochrane Cochrane Frontenac Essex Haldimand Victoria Middlesex Middlesex Grenville Cochrane Timiskaming May Oct Oct June 1918 1882 1890 1949 Dec 1887 July 1901 Nov 1908 May 1922 Aug 1922 Mar 1931 Sept 1892 July 1941 Apr 1954 Apr 1933 Feb 1937 Nov 1957 Dec 1919 A A A A Out DB Out DB DB DB DB DB A Experimental Farm; Out A OS OS A DB Aug 1882 Nov 1935 Aug 1942 June 1953 Oct 1932 Jan 1924 May 1935 July 1943 Mar 1920 Jan 1916 Jan 1898 A DB DB DB New Liskeard A A A A OS Out Out Oak Ridges Ottawa (City) Ottawa (Exp. Farm) Pembroke York Carleton Carleton Renfrew Aurora; DB DB* DB* May 1883 May 1888 Out St. Catharines Lincoln St. Catharines (P. Lab.) Lincoln Aug 1882 Nov 1928 Dec 1884 DB DB A 164 County or Active Station District Open Close 1958 Notes Stratford Perth Sept 1882 June 1888 DB Sudbury Sudbury Nov 1944 Dec 1946 DB Toronto York Aug 1881 A OS Turbine Sudbury Jan 1921 A High Falls; DB Vineland Lincoln Feb 1915 A DB Walker's Point Muskoka Nov 1928 Nov 1934 DB Windsor Essex Sept 1882 Dec 1887 OS Woodstock Oxford Nov 1881 A DB Index of Temperature and Precipitation Reporting Stations in the Province of Ontario 1. Stations: This index contains the names of all the stations in the Province of Ontario which have reported temperature and precipitation data for a period of six months or longer. Where two or more names have been used for a station, the other names are shown in the remarks column. In most cases the most recent official station name is used, but in some instances where there is more than one station at a city or town, a differentiation is made in the station name to point out the different sites of the observation stations. However, usually no indication is given whether or not the station location has been changed over the period of record. While some stations will have continuous homogeneous records over a long period of years, other stations have been moved frequently with the result that the data may not be strictly homogeneous. 2. County: Location of each station listed is restricted to the name of the county or district in which the station lies. Complete location information in the form of latitude and longitude coordinates and heights above sea level are given in the January issues of the Monthly Record. These indexes are available from 1916 to 1955 except for the even numbered years during the decade of the 1940's. For stations in operation prior to 1916 an index with coordinates is shown in each issue of the Annual Report of the Meteorological Service of Canada. 3. Period of Record: The first month where data are available in the Meteorological Headquarters abstracts is shown as the date on which the station opened. Similarly, the last month of record in the abstract is shown as the closed date. Where stations are in operation in July 1958, the symbol A has been shown in the proper column. Breaks in the record of less than six months have not been indicated. However, where there are breaks of more than six months but less than a year, this fact has been entered in the remarks column. When the break is more than a year, the period of record is shown in two segments. 4. Temperature: The temperature data referred to have been obtained from temperature observations read from official thermometers in standard shelters. These shelters protect thermometers against radiation and weather and during the early part of the period were located on a north wall. However, for the past several decades at each station the thermometers have been housed in a Stevenson screen over a relatively level grassy surface with the bulbs of the thermometers about four feet above the surface of the ground. 5. Precipitation: Precipitation data consists of rainfall data taken from official raingauge observations and snowfall data which are observed as the snow lies on the ground. The top of the raingauge is usually located one foot above a level grassy surface. In reducing snowfall data to the water equivalent, a ten to one arbitrary relationship is assumed, that is, the equivalent of ten inches of snow is taken to be one inch of water. 6. Classification of Station: All stations should be considered as having both temperature extremes and precipitation data except those marked with a capital P in the proper column. Sometimes a station started as a "precipitation only" station and then at a later date became a temperature reporting station. This fact is noted in the remarks column. Further information on "summer only" stations and other notes of value to the user of the data will be found in this column. For explanation of the symbols OS, DB, DB*, and Out, see the introductory remarks on page 160. 165 TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION RECORDS County or District Station Open Active Pcpn Close 1958 only A A A Notes Abitibi Canyon Agincourt Aguasabon Ailsa Craig Albany Albion Aldershot Aldershot (O. Hydro.) Alexandria Algonquin Park Alliston Alloa Almonte Alton Amherstburg Angus Apple Hill Apsley Arden Armstrong (A) Armstrong Atikokan Augusta Aurora Axe Lake Aylmer Aylmer (2) Ayr Cochrane York Thunder Bay Middlesex Patricia Peel Halton Halton Glengarry Nipissing Simcoe Peel Lanark Peel Essex Simcoe Glengarry Peterborough Frontenac Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Rainy River Grenville York Parry Sound Elgin Elgin Waterloo Jan Jan June Jan Jan June Apr Feb Apr July July Mar Nov Feb Sept Jan June Jan Nov Mar Dec Jan Aug May Feb Feb Jan May Feb Sept May June June Apr July Jan Oct Jan Dec Apr Apr Apr Jan May Mar Jan Sept Jan June May Aug June Mar 1931 1896 1950 1871 1883 1934 1956 1947 1951 1888 1917 1953 1950 1912 1948 1887 1883 1930 1950 1922 1944 1895 1938 1926 1916 1918 1883 1884 1885 1883 1948 1957 1958 1956 1883 1884 1889 1905 1946 1949 1887 1894 1950 1950 1866 1907 1923 1927 1950 1916 1918 1950 1876 Out DB Out June 1873 Apr 1888 May 1939 Dec 1893 Nov 1954 Apr 1922 Nov 1949 July 1884 Dec 1940 Mar 1957 Jan 1911 Oct 1947 Oct 1916 July 1883 Apr 1919 Dec 1898 May 1888 June 1956 A A A A A A A A D3 Broken record; Out P DB P DB Burlington T.S.; DB Out DB P DB Broken record; DB Out P Data doubtful since 1936; DB OS DB Out Broken record; DB DB A P Wagaming; DB Summer station 1939-1947; DB A A A A DB P DB DB P Broken record (Spence); DB P Out Out DB Bala Bancroft Barclay Bark Lake Dam Barrett Chute Barrie Bear Island Beatrice Muskoka Hastings.Kenora Renfrew Renfrew S imcoe Nipissing Muskoka Dec 1907 Mar 1886 Dec 1900 Sept 1945 Dec 1947 Dec 1955 Dec 1890 Nov 1896 Dec 1901 Dec 1921 Feb 1924 July 1936 Jan 1917 July 1949 Whiteside; DB DB* DB DB* Out Broken record P P A A A A A DB Beards - Broken record; DB Rosehill; DB 166 County or Station District Beaverton Beeton Beggsboro Bell Rock Belleville Belleville (Par. Lab.) Benny Big Chaudiere Falls Big Chute (Buckskin) Bingham Chute Birnam Biscotasing Ontario Simcoe Parry Sound Frontenac Hastings Hastings Sudbury Parry Sound Muskoka Parry Sound Lambton Sudbury Black Sturgeon Lake Thunder Bay Black Sturgeon River Thunder Bay Blenheim Kent Blind River Algoma Open Mar 1948 Jan 1951 Nov 1916 June 1884 May 1957 Jan 1866 May 1883 Jan 1892 Jan 1921 Aug 1929 Nov 1948 May 1918 Jan 1921 May 1913 May 1920 Dec 1956 Feb 1933 Oct 1882 Oct 1887 June 1890 Jan 1895 Jan 1900 Dec 1926 May 1951 Oct 1957 Apr 1883 Apr 1926 July 1956 Apr 1896 Feb 1906 May 1883 May 1883 Aug 1947 Oct 1912 Sept 1882 Sept 1951 Aug 1954 Jan 1871 May 1948 Jan 1876 Apr 1881 Jan 1917 Jan 1922 Jan 1931 Mar 1958 Jan 1883 May 1948 Nov 1871 Jan 1889 July 1915 July 1951 Apr 1903 Sept 1898 May 1926 Jan 1887 June 1890 June 1883 Apr 1947 Mar 1951 Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes June 1949 Feb 1901 May 1878 Sept 1890 Apr 1904 A A OS OS Oct Nov Dec May Feb 1956 1919 1930 1916 1924 P Espanola; DB P DB A A Broken record P DB DB Arkona broken; DB Mar 1915 Apr 1889 July 1891 July 1896 Dec 1900 Aug 1954 Dec 1897 Dec 1940 Oct 1957 June 1903 Dec 1933 May 1897 Sept 1900 Dec 1957 Dec 1913 Mar 1886 June 1957 Dec 1888 A A DB Summer station; DB DB DB Broken record; OS A Broken record; DB A DB Sprucedale; DB A P to T and P; DB P Bloomfield Prince Edward Bobcaygen Victoria Bognor Grey Bowmanville Durham Bow Park (Brantford) Brant Bracebridge Muskoka Bradford Simcoe Bradford (2) Simcce Brampton Peel OS P DB Bond Head; DB OS DB P DB P in 1957; DB DB DB DB Brantford Brechin Brighton Brockville Broddytown Brucefield Bruce Mines Brule Lake Buda Burleigh Burlington Brant Simcoe Northumberland Leeds Peel Huron Algoma Nipissing Thunder Bay Peterborough Halton May Aug Dec May Jan 1878 1915 1920 1930 1957 A A A Oct 1883 Aug 1950 June 1879 Apr 1890 Aug 1956 Dec 1914 Aug 1933 June 1887 Dec 1892 Nov 1887 May 1950 P A A Broken record DB DB OS DB DB Clinton; DB OS DB DB DB OS P P A 167 County or Station District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Open Notes Burnamthorpe Peel May 1951 Mar 1955 p DB Calabogie Caledonia Calvin Cameron Falls Campbellcroft Campbellford Campbellford (2) Camp Borden (A) Canboro Cannington Capreol Caramat Caribou Island Caribou Lake Carleton Place Cartier Cayuga Centralia (A) Central Patricia Chalk River Chapleau Charlinch Chatham Chatham (CFOD) Chats Falls Chatsworth Cheltenham Chenaux City View Clarkson Clear Creek (R) Clifford Clinton Clontarf Cobourg Cochrane Cochrane (For.) Cockburn Island Coe Hill Colborne Coldstream Coldwater Collingwood Renfrew Haldimand Nipissing Thunder Bay Durham Northumberland Northumberland Simcoe Haldimand Ontario Sudbury Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Lanark Sudbury Haldimand Huron Patricia Renfrew Sudbury Muskoka Kent Kent Carleton Grey Peel Renfrew Carleton Peel Norfolk Wellington Huron Renfrew Northumberland Cochrane Cochrane Manitoulin Hastings Northumberland Simcoe Simcoe Simcoe Jan 1950 Jan 1931 Apr 1895 June 1924 May 1948 July 1915 Feb 1929 Sept 1926 May 1934 Sept 1946 May 1883 Jan 1889 Mar 1916 May 1949 May 1935 Aug 1930 Aug 1948 Jan 1887 Oct 1945 Apr 1885 Apr 1889 Jan 1892 Oct 1942 Aug 1953 Sept 1931 Aug 1889 July 1913 Aug 1883 Apr 1883 Oct 1946 June 1950 Dec 1952 Oct 1950 May 1950 Oct 1953 Nov 1949 May 1942 Aug 1950 Mar 1956 June 1882 May 1925 Nov 1948 Apr 1956 June 1910 May 1926 Oct 1897 Apr 1948 Jan 1883 June 1924 July 1888 May 1883 Dec 1925 Nov 1869 Jan 1892 Aug 1910 Jan 1920 Jan 1935 Mar 1956 Dec 1922 Sept 1950 Nov 1937 Feb 1928 Oct 1945 Nov 1885 June 1890 Dec 1920 Aug 1957 Sept 1936 July 1901 Apr 1948 Sept 1887 June 1890 July 1903 Feb 1891 Dec 1892 Sept 1946 Oct 1951 Dec 1932 Nov 1951 A A A A P Out DB Out Broken record; DB P Summer station; DB DB P Healey Falls; DB DB DB P DB P DB DB A Summer station; OS P Summer station; DB A P Out Broken record DB P Broken record A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A DB DB Out DB DB Hoodstown; DB DB DB Out DB P DB Out P Out DB OS P DB DB Out Broken record OS Out Out OS P to T and P; DB Carlow Dec Feb Sept Mar Mar Aug Jan Jan Oct Apr Dec 1932 1910 1957 1886 1925 1899 1923 1873 1906 1917 1926 OS DB P A Broken record; DB 1925 obs. no good DB A P 168 Station County or District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Open Notes Collingwood (Blue Mtns.) Combermere Conistogo Coniston Copetown Copper Cliff Cornwall Cornwall (CKSF) Cornwall (O. Hydro Cornwall (St. L.H.S.) Cottam Couchiching Falls Credit Crewson Corners Croydon Crystal Falls Dacre Dale Dalhousie Lake Dalhousie Mills Dealtown De Cewsville Delaware Delhi Denbigh Des Joachims Desoronto Dog Lake Dog Lake Dam Dog River Dome Domville Dona Doon Dorset Drayton Dresden Dryden Dunbarten Dundas Dunnville Simcoe Renfrew Waterloo Sudbury Wentworth Sudbury Stormont Stormont ) Stormont Stormont Essex Simcoe Peel Wellington Lennox & Add. Nipissing Renfrew Durham Lanark Glengarry Kent Haldimand Middlesex Norfolk Lennox & Add. Renfrew Hastings Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Cochrane Grenville Thunder Bay Waterloo Mus koka Wellington Kent Kenora Ontario Wentworth Haldimand Jan Jan June Jan Apr June Nov Jan Apr Nov Dec Jan June July Sept Oct Jan May 1896 1956 1880 1894 1921 1882 1906 1867 1948 1950 1954 1958 1882 1918 1880 1957 1895 1922 May May Dec Oct Sept Oct Dec May 1901 1957 1890 1898 1892 1914 1887 1950 DB Out A A A A Feb 1922 Oct 1923 Oct 1890 July 1908 Aug 1936 A A June 1926 June 1957 Sept 1923 Apr 1899 Apr 1883 Feb 1889 Jan 1892 Jan 1883 June 1934 June 1883 May 1950 June 1882 July 1950 July 1923 Sept 1957 Mar 1911 Feb 1948 Oct 1926 May 1948 Aug 1949 May 1883 July 1956 Feb 1914 Nov 1956 Apr 1870 Jan 1900 Oct 1953 May 1941 July 1956 Oct 1947 June 1882 Sept 1927 Sept 1935 Nov 1947 Mar 1913 Jan 1926 Apr 1883 Dec 1925 A A Dec Sept Dec Dec Oct 1901 1904 1890 1897 1886 Dec 1896 Sept 1905 Nov 1930 June 1915 Aug 1954 Dec 1953 Oct 1954 Aug 1889 Feb 1874 Dec 1902 A A A A A A A A A A DB DB P Nelson; DB DB P P Out Out Out Out DB P DB P Summer only; DB P DB P DB Formerly called Smoky Falls; DB Summer station; Out Summer station; DB P High Falls; DB* Out P DB DB P DB DB P Out P Out OS DB P Kaminstikwia; DB DB South Porcupine; Out P DB P DB P DB DB P DB DB Out P Summer station; OS DB Pcpn only to 1957 DB DB DB Out Edgehill; DB DB P Broken record; DB Out Dunnville Dunnville Dunvegan Durham (A) (2) Haldimand Haldimand Glengarry Grey Oct May Aug July Dec Jan July Feb Dec Oct 1944 1957 1949 1901 1928 1937 1922 1928 1914 1927 Dutton Elgin Dutton (Cowal) Dyment Elgin Kenora 169 County or Station District Ear Falls Earlton (A) Edwardsburg Egmondsville Egremont Elk Lake Elmira Elmvale Elora Elsas Emo Emo (2) Emsdale Englehart Ennismore Erasmus Espanola Eugenia Patricia Timiskaming Grenville Huron Grey Timiskaming Waterloo Simcoe Wellington Algoma Rainy River Rainy River Parry Sound Timiskaming Peterborough Dufferin Sudbury Grey Victoria Wellington Carleton Lambton Sudbury Welland Lambton Rainy River Rainy River Patricia Thunder Bay Algoma Algoma Open Oct 1928 Jan 1950 Sept 1938 June 1882 July 1882 Mar 1880 July 1926 May 1955 May 1947 Jan 1882 Apr 1909 Dec 1924 Apr 1922 May 1957 Jan 1895 June 1934 May 1948 May 1882 Jan 1896 Mar 1920 May 1916 Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Aug 1939 Dec Dec Dec Oct 1887 1887 1893 1927 A A A Out DB P DB P DB DB P Out Summer station; DB Pc Pcpn only to 1951; DB Jan 1952 Apr 1895 Jan 1923 Oct 1930 June 1924 Sept 1952 Jan 1910 Dec 1903 July 1930 Aug 1917 June 1894 Dec 1884 Nov 1887 May 1887 Dec 1947 Sept 1896 Feb 1915 Notes A A A DB Out Out Pcpn only to 1958; Out DB Out DB DB Broken record; DB DB P P A P Fenelon Falls Fergus Fitzroy Harbour Florence Foleyet Fonthill Forest Fort Frances Fort Frances (For) Fort Hope Fort William (A) Franz Franz (Forestry) Frederickhouse Lake Dam Fournier Foymount Fullarton July Jan Jan Oct Apr Jan Feb Apr Nov Sept Jan Sept Oct May Jan Jan Jan May Aug 1915 1921 1883 1939 1870 1886 1883 1931 1945 1924 1892 1912 1916 1943 1879 1895 1917 1924 1941 A P P DB DB June Dec Aug June 1881 1909 1923 1931 Out DB DB Ridgeville; DB DB Out Summer station; Out Martins Falls to 1881 Out Broken record Fort William/Port Arthur, Lakehead Airport; OS DB Summer only, broken record; DB July 1917 Feb 1953 May 1944 Apr 1951 Aug 1952 Cochrane Prescott Renfrew Perth Waterloo Jan May Apr Aug 1950 1957 1956 1956 Out Out Out DB P Gal t Geraldton (0. Hydro.) Geraldton (For) Jan 1878 Apr 1948 June 1950 July 1948 A A A DB June 1898 Thunder Bay Thunder Bay P DB (1948-51 summer station); DB 170 Station Georgetown Georgina (Sutton) Gilmour Glastonbury Glen Alien Glen Cairn Glencoe Glen Collin Gloucester Goderich Goderich Lighthouse Goderich Township Gogama Goodham Goose Island Gore Bay Gore Bay (A) Gores Landing Graham (A) Grand Valley Granton Grasset Gravenhurst Green River Grey County Forest Grimsby Grimsby (Rock Chapel) Guelph Hagersville (A) Hagersville Hagersville (2) Haileybury Haliburton Haliburton (2) Hamilton County or District Open Active Pcpn Close 1958 only A Halton York Hastings Lennox & Add. Wellington Simcoe Middlesex Elgin Carleton Huron Huron Huron Sudbury Haliburton Patricia Manitoulin Manitoulin Northumberland Thunder Bay Dufferin Middlesex Algoma Muskoka York Grey Lincoln Lincoln Wellington Haldimand Haldimand Haldimand Timiskaming Haliburton Haliburton Wentworth Jan 1885 Oct 1869 June 1948 Jan 1956 Apr 1883 Jan 1892 Jan 1896 Aug 1955 May 1883 Apr 1870 Oct 1882 May 1948 Mar 1958 June 1954 Dec 1866 Aug 1929 Jan 1875 Jan 1906 Mar 1912 Mar 1915 May 1926 June 1948 July 1930 Oct 1915 July 1947 Aug 1943 Oct 1948 Mar 1910 May 1934 Jan 1873 Sept 1913 Mar 1908 Feb 1955 Sept 1957 Nov 1885 July 1894 Dec 1897 Oct 1957 Dec 1886 June 1873 Sept 1883 Notes DB Broken record; DB Broken record; DB DB Summer station; DB DB P P P P P P A A Dec Dec Jan Dec Mar Dec 1954 1887 1951 1887 1911 1914 DB DB Out OS Nov 1934 Nov 1936 A A A A A A OS Goderich (Ridge - crest); OS P Out Broken record; DB Summer station; Out OS OS DB DB P DB DB Instruments moved to Franz; DB Nov Nov Dec Dec Apr June Sept Sept Nov 1917 1939 1886 1914 1916 1921 1949 1957 1953 Nov Feb Apr Apr June June Mar May Sept Jan Nov Jan Jan May Dec Dec Apr July Nov May Apr May Mar Jan Jan May 1870 1918 1948 1953 1953 1910 1921 1931 1934 1937 1944 1915 1931 1881 1898 1941 1948 1956 1894 1930 1883 1949 1866 1898 1911 1938 P P P DB DB Sept only in 1954; DB Dec 1917 Sept 1929 Mar 1932 Mar 1935 Nov 1939 Dec 1928 Dec 1894 Aug 1945 July 1922 Dec 1952 Dec 1955 Dec 1887 May 1904 Dec 1929 A A A A A A OS DB DB P Broken record; DB DB DB Out DB DB A OS 171 County or District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Station Open Notes Hamilton (Gage Park) Hamilton (R.B.G.) Hanlon Hanover Lake Harrow Harrowsmith Harwood Hastings Hawkesbury Hearst Heart Lake Heaslip Heeley Falls Heeley Falls (2) Helen Mine Hercn Bay Hespeler Hillier Hillsport Holland Marsh Holstein Hopeville Hornby Hornpayne Hound Chute Humber Hunta Huntsville Wentworth Wentworth Peel Thunder Bay Essex Frontenac Northumberland Northumberland Prescott Cochrane Peel Timiskaming Northumberland Northumberland Algoma Thunder Bay Waterloo Prince Edward Thunder Bay York Grey Grey Halton Algoma Timiskaming York Cochrane Muskoka Sept Apr Oct May May June July Apr Sept July Oct June Nov Jan Apr Jan May Oct Jan July Aug June July July June Aug Feb Jan Nov June June May May Feb Jan Jan July 1953 1950 1950 1952 1917 1883 1953 1883 1950 1929 1951 1957 1928 1921 1931 1931 1940 1886 1893 1913 1953 1946 1912 1929 1951 1946 1953 1957 1947 1947 1917 1950 1888 1950 1892 1906 1923 May 1956 Nov 1951 Sept 1955 July 1889 Oct 1954 Nov 1885 Sept 1934 May 1952 Dec 1930 Nov 1937 1940 A A A A A A P OS OS P DB Summer station; Out DB DB Summer station; DB P DB Out P Summer station Out DB Out DB DB DB June Feb Nov July June Jan May Aug Feb Apr 1891 1902 1920 1954 1947 1920 1931 1952 1948 1956 Broken Summer Summer record station; OS station; DB OS P Summer station; Out DB A A A A A A A P P P May 1890 Dec 1904 Aug 1908 June 1891 Aug 1956 Dec 1912 DB DB DB Broken record; DB Pcpn only to 1958; Out DB Out Broken record; DB Out Pcpn only to 1953; DB Shoal Lake; Out Elk Lake Out Ignace Ilderton Indian Bay Indian Chute Ingersoll Ingolf Iroquois Falls Island Falls Jackson Manion Jarvis (A) Jarvis Jarvis Lake Tower Jermyn Joly Judge Kenora Middlesex Kenora Timiskaming Oxford Kenora Cochrane Cochrane Patricia Haldimand Haldimand Thunder Bay Peterborough Parry Sound Timiskaming July 1889 Jan 1914 June 1951 Mar Jan Feb Apr July May Nov Apr Mar Sept Sept May Aug Aug Feb Dec 1914 1912 1950 1870 1879 1956 1927 1913 1955 1928 1939 1954 1952 1895 1885 1907 A A Dec Nov Sept Sept July Apr May Aug Aug July Apr 1876 1888 1957 1941 1929 1942 1956 1956 1905 1892 1909 P Summer only; DB Out Out Out A A Out USWB Form 1135; DB DB Summer station; DB DB DB Out P 172 Station Kagawong Kakabeka Falls Kapuskasing (A) Kapuskasing Kapuskasing (2) Kashbowie Katrine Kawene Kemptville Kenogami Dam Kenora (A) Kenora Killala Lake Killaloe (A) Kincardine Kingston (A) Kingston (Barriefield) Kingston (Alcan) County or District Manitoulin Thunder Bay Cochrane Cochrane Cochrane Thunder Bay Parry Sound Rainy River Grenville Thunder Bay Kenora Kenora Thunder Bay Renfrew Bruce Frontenac Frontenac Frontenac Open Jan 1951 Nov 1908 Feb 1938 Jan 1918 Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes June Sept Apr Sept Nov May June Aug Sept May Aug Sept May Jan Jan Oct Aug 1934 1956 1949 1935 1928 1939 1950 1938 1899 1945 1952 1938 1870 1888 1894 1930 1943 Nov Feb Oct Jan Feb 1934 1958 1949 1951 1937 A A A A A A A A OS DB Out Experimental Farm; Out Out DB DB DB DB DB Out Rat Portage; Out Summer station; DB DB P Kingston (Frontenac) Frontenac Kingston (Queens U) Frontenac Kingsville Kinmount Kirkfield Kirkland Lake Kirkton Kitchener Kohler La Cave Lac Seul Lafont aine Lakefield Lakeport Lake St. Joseph Lamable Lansdowne Lansdowne House Leamington Lindsay Lions Head Essex Victoria Victoria Timiskaming Huron Waterloo Haldimand Nipissing Patricia Simcoe Peterborough Northumberland Patricia Hastings Leeds Patricia Essex Victoria Bruce Apr 1939 Feb 1947 Oct 1945 Jan 1874 Nov 1945 Oct 1951 Jan 1890 Jan 1898 Jan 1908 Dec 1921 Oct 1948 Apr 1883 Nov 1915 Apr 1941 Feb 1950 Sept 1883 Oct 1914 May 1949 May 1950 Sept 1914 Sept 1947 July 1953 Sept 1874 Oct 1876 Apr 1952 July 1930 Apr 1883 June 1895 Mar 1941 Mar 1916 Jan 1880 Oct 1883 Mar 1939 July 1948 Sept 1954 Dec 1882 Dec 1891 June 1898 Mar 1932 Sept 1945 July 1943 Nov 1949 Apr 1939 Dec 1946 Mar 1957 Sept 1892 Dec 1904 Sept 1919 Apr 1926 June 1950 Dec 1883 June 1916 Feb 1942 Dec 1886 P A OS OS OS OS OS OS OS DB DB P A A P Out DB Berlin; DB DB A Apr 1934 Jan 1950 Nov 1875 Feb 1949 Dec 1930 July 1887 Jan 1910 Dec 1896 P A A A A A Out Out DB DB DB Out Hastings; Out DB Out OS DB OS P P P P 173 County or Station District Open Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes Listowel Little Current Little Forks Lodi London Perth Manitoulin Rainy River Stormont Middlesex Middlesex Middlesex Middlesex London London London (2) (South) (Lambeth) May May Jan Nov Jan Mar Nov Sept Jan Aug Aug July Nov July Dec Oct Jan Mar Sept May July July Sept Jan Mar June Jan Oct Dec May Sept Mar Jan Aug Jan Apr June Feb Jan 1880 1899 1906 1912 1918 1921 1924 1950 1957 1871 1886 1892 1890 1882 1871 1878 1881 1883 1890 1932 1940 1956 1956 1951 1921 1950 1951 1914 1908 1951 1950 1871 1881 1915 1885 1885 1913 1920 1951 Apr July Dec Dec Dec Sept Mar Mar Dec Oct Dec May May Apr Dec Jan July Jan Mar 1889 1904 1906 1916 1918 1923 1925 1955 1881 1890 1892 1893 1883 1874 1879 1887 1890 1932 1941 P London (A) London (Roehampton) London (Sharon Dr.) Long Branch Long Lac Long Lac Control Dar Long Lac (P & P) Long Point Lorne Park Low Bush Lower Sturgeon Lucan Lucknow Lundys Lane Luther Dam Lyons A DB Broken record Middlesex Middlesex Middlesex York Thunder B; n Thunder B; Thunder B; Norfolk Peel Cochrane Cochrane Middlesex ay ay ay Sept 1957 Dec 1951 Oct 1957 Oct 1957 Dec 1954 Apr 1912 Nov 1954 June 1873 Dec 1883 Dec 1893 Sept 1915 Nov 1922 Aug 1954 A P A P P OS Out Out DB DB DB Old London Airport; DB Crumlin Airport; DB DB DB OS DB DB DB OS DB Out Out DB Broken record; DB P A A P A A Bruce Well and Dufferin Elgin P Niagara; DB Pcpn only in 1951; DB P DB May 1883 Oct 1894 Mac Diarmid Mac Cue Madawaska Madoc Maidstone Magnet awan Maitland Mamainse Manitou Falls Manitou Lake Manitowadge Manitowaning Manotick Thunder Bay Lanark Nipissing Hastings Essex Parry Sound Grenville Algoma Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Manitoulin Carleton July 1926 May Aug Jan May Jan June Jan May Sept Feb July Jan Feb Oct 1883 1915 1905 1882 1924 1953 1883 1948 1931 1956 1880 1933 1943 1953 Sept 1918 July 1914 Dec 1890 Apr 1954 Jan 1885 July 1955 Sept 1937 A P Summer only to 1931 and since 1951; DB P Oliver's Ferry; DB A DB DB P DB A DB OS P DB Summer only, broken record; DB Summer only; DB A DB Jan Sept June Dec 1882 1941 1943 1956 OS Out p 174 Station Mansfield Maple Marathon Markdale Markham Martin Matheson Mattagami Dam Mattagami Pati Mattawa McVittie Mealo rd County or District Dufferin York Thunder Bay Grey York Kenora Cochrane Sudbury:ol Dam Sudbury Nipissing Sudbury Grey Merrickville Meyersburg Michipicotin Falls Midhurst Midland Midlothian Mildmay Miller Lake Forest Millgrove Milton West Minaki Minden Minden (2) Minden (Forestry) Mine Centre Minesing Mink Lake Mistinikon Missinabie Mitchell Mitchell (2) Mobert Mono Mills Montague Monticello Montreal Falls Montreal River Moose Factory Moose Lake Moosonee Morrisburg Morriston Grenville Northumberland Algoma Simcoe Simcoe Parry Sound Bruce Bruce Wentworth Halton Kenora Haliburton Haliburton Haliburton Rainy River Simcoe Algoma Timiskaming Sudbury Perth Perth Thunder Bay Dufferin Lanark Dufferin Algoma Timiskaming Cochrane Rainy River Cochrane Dundas Wellington Open May 1947 Oct 1887 May 1957 July 1945 Feb 1950 Aug 1951 Apr 1912 Dec 1869 Feb 1957 Sept 1957 May 1911 Nov 1950 Dec 1952 Feb 1957 July 1882 May 1886 Apr 1899 May 1950 June 1913 Apr 1948 June 1957 May 1882 Jan 1888 Oct 1930 Dec 1916 July 1952 Nov 1888 May 1948 Nov 1888 Aug 1950 Oct 1952 June 1951 Oct 1950 May 1930 Mar 1886 Oct 1942 Oct 1948 Jan 1956 June 1948 Nov 1914 July 1925 Apr 1948 June 1950 Sept 1889 Nov 1948 May 1956 July 1929 May 1922 Jan 1896 Oct 1954 Jan 1942 Nov 1949 Dec 1910 Jan 1878 Jan 1884 Oct 1889 June 1950 Oct 1932 June 1913 Apr 1948 Dec 1947 July 1888 Sept 1945 Sept 1950 Jan 1920 Dec 1872 Oct 1911 Aug 1951 Feb 1957 June 1883 Sept 1899 Sept 1910 Jan 1924 Mar 1949 Sept 1885 Aug 1890 Dec 1928 Jan 1915 Dec 1896 Oct 1953 A A A A P A P P DB DB Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Out A DB OS A Notes DB DB Broken record; OS DB DB Out Hyslop; Out A A A A A p P Out DB DB DB OS P Burks Falls; DB Broken record; DB P DB DB DB Summer only; Out Mar Sept June Sept Apr 1952 1946 1890 1950 1949 P DB May 1955 Mar 1926 Apr 1951 Dec 1901 A DB Broken record; DB A Out P DB DB A P To July 1952; Out DB A DB P Summer only; DB P DB DB Smith Falls; Out A DB DB A DB July Sept Sept Dec 1957 1930 1924 1914 Apr 1946 Dec 1955 May 1882 Dec 1884 Dec 1938 A A A A p p Out DB Out Out DB 175 Station Mount Brydges Mount Forest Mount Hope (A) Mount Oliver Muir Muskoka (A) Nakina (A) Nakina (Forestry) Nakina Nestor Falls Newburgh New Glasgow New Liskeard Newmarket Niagara Niagara Falls Niagara Falls (O. Hydro.) Niagara Falls S. County or District Middlesex Wellington Wentworth Peel Oxford Muskoka Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Kenor a Lennox & Add. Elgin Timiskaming York Welland Welland Welland Welland Open Active Pcpn Close 1958 only A Niagara-on-the-Lake Lincoln Nipigon Thunder Bay Jan Jan July Nov Nov July July Dec June June June May June July Oct May May Apr July Apr July Jan Jan Sept Apr July Jan Sept July June Oct Jan Jan Jan June Aug Jan July June May June Jan Oct June May Jan July Oct Sept June Feb Nov May Jan July May Jan 1958 1881 1915 1941 1950 1955 1934 1938 1939 1929 1934 1932 1882 1957 1923 1935 1871 1875 1956 1871 1918 1920 1934 1921 1885 1919 1935 1886 1913 1920 1915 1925 1887 1895 1915 1924 1939 1934 1888 1880 1882 1906 1869 1921 1887 1876 1883 1912 1956 1918 1926 1953 1883 1884 1949 1871 1926 Dec Dec Aug July Aug Dec May Aug Sept Sept 1898 1948 1945 1951 1956 1937 1944 1936 1934 1883 p p p Re ay DB Apr 1933 Aug 1873 Dec 1882 Sept 1872 Dec 1918 Dec 1922 A A A A A A DB P Summer station; DB DB Out P DB OS Out Summer only Nipissing North Bay North Bay (A) North Bay (2) North Bruce Northcote North Glandford North Gower North Gwillimbury North Lake Norwich Norwood Nipissing Nipissing Nipissing Nipissing Bruce Renfrew Wentworth Carleton York Thunder Bay Oxford Peterborough Dec Dec June June Dec Dec Nov Jan Oct Apr Mar Mar Dec Dec June Dec Dec Oct Oct Dec Dec Jan Notes DB DB DB DB DB 1892 1921 1936 1898 1914 1922 1919 1933 1889 1898 1920 1935 1922 1887 1890 1925 1877 1941 1888 1880 1889 1918 DB OS OS Niagara Falls View; OS OS OS OS DB A A P P DB DB DB DB Out DB Out DB DB* DB DB O akville Oak Ridges Oba Oil City Oil Springs O rangeville Orillia Hal ton York Algoma Lambton Lambton Duffer in Oct 1940 Mar 1892 Dec 1912 Dec 1918 A A A A A P P OS DB Out DB DB Melville; DB DB S imcoe 176 Station Orillia (S.T.P.) Orleans (V.P.G.) Orono Oscar Oshawa Otonabee Ottawa (City) (Albion Rd.) (Bayview) (Beckwith Rd.) (Billings Bdge) (Exp. Farm) (Hogs Back) (LaSalle Acad.) (Lemieux Is.) (N.R.C.) (Rockcliffe) (A) (University) (Uplands (A) Otterville Owen Sound Oxaline Lake Pagwa Pagwa (A) Palgrave Paris Parkhill Parma Parry Sound Pays Plat Pelee Island Pefferlaw Pembroke Pembroke (Forestry) Penetanguishene Perth Peshu Lake Peterbell Peterborough (O. Hydro.) Peterborough County or District Simcoe Carleton Durham Thunder Bay Ontario Peterborough Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Carleton Oxford Grey Thunder Bay Cochrane Cochrane Peel Brant Middlesex Lennox & Add. Parry Sound Thunder Bay Essex York Renfrew Renfrew Simcoe Lanark Algoma Algoma Peterborough Peterborough Open Feb 1957 Dec 1953 May 1923 Jan 1914 Sept 1882 Nov 1912 June 1923 Dec 1952 Jan 1895 Apr 1872 Apr 1899 Apr 1954 Nov 1953 Jan 1955 Oct 1953 Apr 1890 Jan 1915 Oct 1953 Dec 1954 Oct 1953 Nov 1951 Apr 1942 Oct 1954 Oct 1938 Sept 1882 July 1878 Jan 1916 Aug 1952 May 1918 Aug 1938 Jan 1956 Apr 1884 Jan 1871 Jan 1906 Oct 1874 Jan 1907 Jan 1911 Aug 1944 Jan 1882 Oct 1899 Jan 1905 June 1915 Apr 1919 July 1933 May 1948 Feb 1866 July 1915 May 1926 Jan 1882 Oct 1947 May 1950 Mar 1929 Sept 1949 Apr 1866 Jan 1891 Apr 1952 A A A P P Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes DB Broken record; Out DB DB Mar Jan Dec Dec 1915 1891 1918 1925 OS DB May 1911 Mar Mar Nov Dec 1890 1935.1954 1955 P P Oct 1954 Mar 1899 Nov 1954 Mar 1955 Dec 1887 Feb 1912 Sept 1956 Aug 1934 A A A A A A P P P Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out DB* Out DB* DB OS DB A P A A A Oct Mar Mar Dec Dec Apr Dec Aug June Mar 1945 1873 1907 1888 1909 1898 1903 1913 1917 1931 A A Out DB* DB DB DB DB OS DB Broken record OS P Only to 1950; DB Out P Summer station; Out P OS Out Summer station; DB Out A A A May 1888 Sept 1942 July 1884 Feb 1949 Aug 1955 Sept 1930 Dec 1887 A P A A DB DB DB Peters Corners Wentworth 177 County or Station District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes Petrolia Petrolia (2) Pickle Lake Picton Pine Grove Pine Portage Plattsville Point Clark Pontypool Poplar Mills Porcupine Porquis Junction Port Albert (A) Port Arthur Port Arthur (Forestry) Port Arthur (2) Port Burwell Port Credit Port Dalhousie Port Dover Port Elmsley Port Hope Port Perry Portland Port Rowan Port Stanley Presqu' Isle Preston Princeton Prospect Hill Providence Bay Purdy Putnam Lambton Lambton Patricia Prince Edward York Thunder Bay Oxford Bruce Durham Middlesex Cochrane (A) Cochrane Huron Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Elgin Peel Lincoln Norfolk Lanark Durham Ontario Leeds Norfolk Elgin Grey Waterloo Oxford Perth Manitoulin Hastings Middlesex Apr Nov Dec July June Nov Jan Oct July June July Jan Sept Mar Jan Oct July Jan 1883 1953 1885 1930 1933 1915 1934 1956 1957 1950 1871 1871 1947 1956 1914 1938 1941 1880 June 1888 June 1888 Sept 1930 July 1920 Aug 1938 Oct 1957 Dec 1872 Mar 1914 Oct 1949 A P P P A P P A P A P P A P P A P DB DB Broken record; Out OS DB DB DB OS DB DB Out Out OS OS OS Storm Signal Sta. A; OS OS Broken record; OS OS June Mar Nov July 1915 1955 1945 1941 June 1926 Sept 1934 Jan 1936 Apr 1939 Jan Aug Jan Nov Nov Jan Jan May Jan 1904 1917 1920 1948 1951 1875 1910 1957 1874 Feb Aug July Mar 1916 1918 1921 1949 Dec 1878 June 1921 P Grantham OS A A A Mar 1948 Jan Dec Apr Apr Apr Jan Jan Aug Aug July May Apr Mar July May July Apr 1884 1891 1896 1885 1953 1894 1874 1948 1957 1875 1953 1883 1956 1897 1911 1955 1883 Dec Dec Feb Dec Feb Oct Mar Jan 1890 1892 1910 1889 1958 1898 1924 1950 Aug 1898 Aug 1913 Dec 1903 Apr 1940 June 1886 Dec 1946 July 1928 Dec 1927 Oct 1885 P P P A P A P A P P Observations no good 1924-28; OS (Perth) P to 1951; DB OS DB DB OS OS OS DB DB DB OS Out DB Queensboro Queenston Quorn Hastings Welland Kenora Aug 1914 Mar 1922 Apr 1915 Broken record; DB OS A DB Ragged Rapids Rainy River Ramsay Ranelagh Muskoka Rainy River Sudbury Brant May Apr Nov May 1950 1916 1948 1883 A DB Out DB DB A P P 178 County or Station District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Open Notes Ranger Lake Rat Rapids Ravenna Rayner Red Cedar Lake Dam Redickville Red Lake Redmond Regent Renfrew Reserve 40 Richards Landing Rideau Canal (BobsLake) (Burrits Ldg) (J(nes Falls) (Kilmarnock) (Long Island) (Narrows) (Upper Brewers) (Wolfe Lake) Rideau Ferry Ridgetown Ridgeville Roblin's Mills Rockcliffe Rocklyn Ronville Rossport Rouge Hills Round Lake Ruel Russell Rutherglen Sudbury Patricia Grey Algoma Nipissing Dufferin Patricia Thunder Bay Algoma Renfrew Kenora Algoma Frontenac Lanark Leeds Lanark Carleton Lanark Frontenac Frontenac Lanark Kent Welland Prince Edward Nipissing Grey Muskoka Thunder Bay Ontario Timiskaming Sudbury Russell Nipissing May Nov July June May May Oct Aug Aug June Jan Aug July June Apr Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec May Apr June Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan Nov Feb June Aug Mar Apr Apr 1938 1949 1934 1948 1950 1950 1944 1930 1938 1952 1932 1882 1902 1913 1924 1953 1953 1953 1953 1953 1953 1953 1953 1948 1883 1923 1950 1896 1877 1901 1908 1915 1954 1934 1915 1954 1891 1895 Apr 1943 Apr 1953 July 1953 Jan 1953 Sept 1954 A A P Broken record; DB Out DB DB DB DB Out Summer station; Out DB Aug July Sept Nov Oct 1934 1957 1956 1935 1899 Dec 1913 July 1926 June 1903 A A A A A A A A A A A A Out Ingolf; Out OS Out Out DB Out Out DB DB DB DB P Dec Oct Dec Sept May Oct Nov 1899 1921 1904 1926 1916 1955 1934 DB Broken record; DB P DB Stonecliff; DB DB DB P OS P OS DB DB Out Lake Talon Calvin; DB* A A Oct 1894 Sept 1940 St. Ann's St. Catharines (P. Lab.) St. Catharines St. St. St. St. George Joachim Marys Thomas Lincoln Lincoln Lincoln Brant Essex Perth Elgin Norfolk Peel Algoma Nov Nov Mar June July Apr June Jan July Feb Oct Apr May Nov Nov May 1928 1901 1911 1915 1918 1883 1951 1888 1882 1890 1925 1954 1946 1950 1951 1953 A Oct July Dec Nov Dec 1903 1912 1915 1956 1916 DB DB P till 1953; DB DB Mar 1895 Apr 1900 Aug 1923 July 1925 DB DB July 1901 Dec 1887 Dec 1894 A A A St. Williams Sand Hill Sand Lake DB OS DB Oct Apr Mar Aug 1947 1951 1952 1956 Summer station; DB 179 County or Station District Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Open Notes Sandy Falls Sarnia Sarnia (R) Sauble Forest Sault Ste Marie Sault Ste Marie (2) Sault Ste Marie (For) Sault Ste Marie (Insect) Sault Ste Marie (Shingwauk) Savanne Savant Lake Scarboro Schreiber Scotia Junction Seaforth Searchmont Seeley Sellwood Junction Shannonville Sharon Shelburne Shirley Bay Simcoe Sioux Lookout (2) Sioux Lookout (A) Sioux Lookout (3) Sioux Narrows Smith Falls Smithfield Smoky Falls Snelgrove Sombra South Bay Mouth South Falls Southampton Spencerville Stayner Stayner (2) Steep Hill Falls Stevens Cochrane Lambton Lambton Bruce Algoma Algoma Algoma Algoma Algoma Thunder Bay Thunder Bay York Thunder Bay Parry Sound Huron Algoma Muskoka Nipissing Hastings York Duffer in Carleton Norfolk Kenora Kenora Kenora Kenora Lanark Northumberland Cochrane Peel Lambton Manitoulin Muskoka Bruce Grenville Simcoe Simcoe Algoma Thunder Bay Sept July Nov Nov Sept Dec July Apr June Sept 1950 1882 1926 1948 1948 1952 1889 1921 1945 1957 Apr 1912 July 1927 June 1951 Aug 1895 Oct 1933 A P Out A Sykeston; OS OS A P DB A OS A OS Summer station 1943-44; OS Point aux Pins Insectary; OS Shingwauk School; OS DB* P Summer station; Out June 1926 Apr 1931 May 1943 Sept 1944 May 1950 Sept 1954 Sept 1954 Nov 1955 Jan 1885 Jan 1914 July 1930 May 1883 Oct 1911 Apr 1909 July 1924 Nov 1870 Aug 1915 Jan 1875 May 1915 Jan 1884 Apr 1886 Sept 1909 Feb 1954 Mar 1.866 Jan 1921 Jan 1914 Aug 1930 Apr 1930 Oct 1933 June 1940 May 1902 May 1921 Aug 1949 May 1922 Nov 1950 Mar 1887 Aug 1954 June 1920 Nov 1956 Jan 1874 Sept 1953 Feb 1953 Feb 1870 Apr 1948 Jan 1954 Apr 1955 Mar 1915 Jan 1945 Sept 1949 July 1906 Sept 1946 July 1944 Dec 1906 Apr 1912 Mar 1873 Sept 1918 Dec 1884 Dec 1915 Dec 1894 Dec 1892 Feb 1913 Oct 1956 Jan 1888 Sept 1934 A A P DB OS DB Broken record; OS DB Huntsville; DB Out OS DB DB Out P Dec Sept Aug Dec May 1933 1936 1955 1905 1923 A A A A A A A A A DB Out In town before 1935; Out Summer station; Out Out Broken record; DB* DB Crystal Falls; DB P DB Broken record; OS OS Dec 1892 Jan 1925 Nov 1952 Dec 1956 July 1879 Feb 1953 Dec 1957 Muskoka Falls; DB Saugeen; OS Out Broken record; DB DB DB Aug June Sept 1939 1946 1955 Out 180 Station Stevens (Camp 102) Stewartville Stirling Stirling (R) Stoney Creek Stoney Point Stouffville Stratford Strathburn Strathroy Sturgeon Falls Sudbury (A) (Forestry) Summit Control Dam Sundridge Sunshine Swains Lake Sydenham Talbotville Tavistock Tecumseh Teeswater Thedford Thompson Thornbury Thornhill Thorold Tilbury Timagami Timagami (Post) Timmins (A) (Ont. Hydro.) Tobermory Toronto Toronto (Admiral Rd) (Beverley Hills) (Birch Cliff) (Balmy Beach) (Bloordale) (Broadview) (Centre Is.) County or District Thunder Bay Renfrew Hastings Hastings Wentworth Essex York Perth Middlesex Middlesex Nipissing Sudbury Sudbury Sudbury Thunder Bay Parry Sound Huron Patricia Frontenac Elgin Oxford Essex Bruce Lambton Algoma Grey York Welland Kent Nipissing Nipissing Cochrane Cochrane Cochrane Bruce York York York York York York York York Open May 1948 May 1950 May 1883 Mar 1940 Jan 1884 May 1882 Feb 1895 Sept 1860 Jan 1894 Sept 1939 Mar 1879 Jan 1907 Oct 1953 Jan 1883 May 1900 Mar 1915 July 1887 Aug 1914 May 1918 Aug 1947 Feb 1954 May 1926 June 1950 Jan 1914 May 1928 Apr 1883 June 1933 Sept 1903 July 1953 June 1956 Jan 1883 May 1883 Apr 1887 Apr 1883 Feb 1890 May 1948 Feb 1870 Dec 1893 Mar 1948 May 1934 June 1926 Apr 1922 Apr 1955 July 1951 Feb 1914 June 1956 Dec 1839 Mar 1949 Nov 1957 Dec 1952 Jan 1953 June 1957 Dec 1955 Jan 1951 Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes Mar 1949 Nov 1885 Oct 1927 Dec 1883 July 1901 Dec 1887 Apr 1942 Apr 1885 Nov 1913 Aug 1954 July 1884 Oct 1901 Dec 1922 Nov 1889 July 1930 July 1930 Jan 1955 Nov 1934 May 1915 Oct 1928 Dec 1904 Oct 1934 Feb 1917 Nov 1956 July 1883 Nov 1885 Sept 1887 Feb 1897 Dec 1899 Sept 1951 Jan 1872 Feb 1897 Feb 1949 Sept 1940 Sept 1928 Sept 1955 Oct 1954 Dec 1953 Aug 1956 Jan 1952 A P A A Out Out DB DB OS OS DB DB USWB Form 1135; DB DB DB DB DB DB DB DB P A A P P P Out DB DB Out DB DB DB OS A P P P P DB P DB P OS P Summer station; OS DB P DB P DB Broken record; Out Out Out Out P Out Broken record; OS Longest record in Canada. Homogeneous record begins Jan. 1841; OS A A A A A A P P P A P A P P OS DB OS OS DB DB DB 181 Station Toronto (cont'd) (Deer Park) (Dorset Park) (Downsview)(A) (Downsview S) (Dufferin)(A) East (East York) (Fairbank) (Fallingbrook) (Glendale) (Glenview) (Highland Creek) (High Park) (Humber Bay) (Island) (Island)(A) (Islington West) (Kingsway) (Mimico) (Malton)(A) (Newtonbrook) (Northcliffe) (Queensway) (Rexdale) (Scarborough) (Scarlett Rd) (South Leaside) (Sunnyside) (Victoria) (West Hill) (Wexford) (Willowdale) (Wilson Heights) Trenton Trenton (0. Hydro.) Trenton (A) Trethewey Trout Lake County or District York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York York Hastings Hastings Hastings Muskoka Patricia Open Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Notes Sept 1890 Nov 1957 Sept 1956 Jan 1951 Apr 1930 Mar 1907 May 1947 Jan 1951 Apr 1948 Nov 1956 Nov 1957 Jan 1953 Nov 1955 Jan 1951 Dec 1956 Jan 1905 May 1953 Feb 1957 Jan 1951 Jan 1951 Feb 1958 Nov 1937 Oct 1953 Oct 1957 Jan 1951 Oct 1957 May 1953 Jan 1951 June 1951 Jan 1951 Oct 1957 Jan 1951 Apr 1953 Nov 1953 May 1956 July 1953 Apr 1883 July 1915 Jan 1935 May 1950 Nov 1915 Feb 1939 June 1914 Apr 1925 Dec 1950 Mar 1955 July 1950 July 1886 Sept 1929 June 1950 July 1947 Jan 1895 Jan 1909 May 1899 Oct 1929 Apr 1948 Jan 1933 Mar 1932 July 1911 May 1951 June 1957 June 1949 Aug 1927 June 1957 Sept 1951 Oct 1953 Dec 1954 Jan 1958 July 1951 Jan 1958 Feb 1958 June 1955 Sept 1886 Oct 1956 Dec 1927 Nov 1948 May 1953 Feb 1913 Nov 1934 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A DB DB DB DB DB DB To July 1952; DB DB DB DB DB OS OS DB Lakeside Home OS OS DB DB OS Malton (A); DB OS DB DB DB OS DB Broken record; DB DB DB OS DB A P P A P P P P P A P P P A A A A A A A A P DB DB OS OS OS DB P Turbine (High Falls) Sudbury Tweed Hastings Broken record; Out DB DB P only in 1957; Out Twin Falls Uchi Lake Uplands Upper Notch Cochrane Patricia Parry Sound Timiskaming Thunder Bay Haliburton P P Out DB Out DB Upsala Ursa A A Uxbridge Mar Sept Dec Sept 1907 1913 1923 1950 DB Ontario Ontario Uxbridge (2) A DB P to 1950; DB Valora Kenora Sept 1957 A Out 182 Station Vankleek Hill Victoria Vienna Vine land Virgil County or District Prescott Peel Elgin Lincoln Lincoln Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Waboose Dam Wagaming Waldemar Walkers Point Walkerton Walkerton (2) Walkerville Wallaceburg Wanapitei Wanstead Wasdells Washago Warkworth Watcomb Waterford Watford Wattenwyl Waubaushene Wawaitin Falls Welland Wellington Wesley Westminster Weston Weston (Humber Hts.) Westport Wexford Wheatley Whitefish White River Wiarton Wiarton (A) Widder Wilsonville Windsor Windsor (A) Windsor South Winona Thunder Bay Thunder Bay Dufferin Muskoka Bruce Bruce Essex Kent Sudbury Lambton Ontario Simcoe Northumberland Kenora Norfolk Lambton Parry Sound Simcoe Cochrane Welland Prince Edward Wellington Middlesex York York Leeds York Essex Kenora Algoma Bruce Bruce Lambton Norfolk Essex Essex Essex Wentworth Open Jan 1903 Nov 1915 Dec 1936 Feb 1952 June 1875 Oct 1924 Jan 1894 Aug 1941 June 1934 Aug 1938 July 1955 Nov 1928 July 1915 Apr 1957 Dec 1929 Jan 1905 June 1950 Apr 1887 May 1920 May 1950 Jan 1928 May 1887 June 1933 Jan 1894 Mar 1948 Apr 1883 Jan 1912 Jan 1919 Nov 1924 Mar 1912 May 1936 Jan 1913 Oct 1872 Sept 1880 Mar 1892 May 1948 Feb 1909 Jan 1883 Oct 1869 Apr 1948 Mar 1948 Jan 1901 May 1912 June 1887 Jan 1915 Jan 1934 Sept 1886 May 1883 May 1934 July 1947 Feb 1870 July 1883 June 1866 Jan 1897 Aug 1924 Aug 1940 June 1952 'Mar 1890 Jan 1892 Feb 1906 June 1925 Mar 1938 Nov 1954 Nov 1877 Dec 1898 Sept 1956 Nov 1936 Dec 1939 Feb 1935 Sept 1931 Jan 1952 June 1890 Sept 1921 Mar 1957 Dec 1888 Sept 1935 Dec 1896 A Notes Out OS DB DB DB P P Out A A A A Armstrong; DB DB DB DB DB OS Broken record; DB P To Jan. 1951; DB DB P A P P A P P Dec Dec Aug Mar Mar Nov 1901 1915 1923 1929 1913 1956 from 1953-57; DB DB DB Summer station; Out DB DB DB OS Out Aug 1879 Dec 1886 A A June Jan Dec July Mar Nov Dec July July Dec Sept 1951 1913 1933 1871 1950 1948 1920 1929 1889 1930 1946 DB OS P DB P Wilton Grove; DB P P P P DB DB DB* DB OS DB DB OS OS DB Broken record; DB Mar 1932 Nov 1936 Apr Aug Dec Dec Aug 1872 1886 1887 1915 1929 A A A OS DB OS Mar 1955 Dec 1890 July 1892 P OS 183 Station Woman Lake Woodbridge Woodslee Woodstock Wooler Wyoming County or District Patricia York Essex Oxford Northumberland Lambton Haldimand Huron Active Pcpn Close 1958 only Nov 1934 Oct 1948 Oct 1946 Feb 1870 July 1897 May 1888 Feb 1936 Dec 1912 Apr 1907 A A A Notes Out DB DB DB P Sunnyside; DB P DB York Jan 1936 Oct 1938 July 1881 Dec 1892 DB DB Zurich * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1960 0-535193