.•^ffi'= \^/ •^^: %/ :^^: ^--^* ^0- '^ .-2^ .^ 4q. :.i«LPt- .0 ^^-n.. <^''^ "-^.-o^ . , ► ^ <^ . , ,«- %.'^-''/ V'-^\«^ V*^'^'*/ « * A, ■^^ A> O i.°-n*.j •0- <■ p^ y N G , ^^^^ c" o . _ A A "bV k'' -^f, cv- '^ C J" .^ A -^^o^ y "-^^0^ ^^ ^^0^ ^,* 'V v- .^' .V* ^-n.. G^ 0^ .^^ 0' "K A ^' ,t>^^ ,^^ 6" .^' 0' iSveryday <£ife at Hampton ijnstitute T EVERY-DAY LIFE AT THE HAMPTON NORMAL AND AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE The Press of The Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute Hampton, Virginia 1909 A 'cvP MEMORIAL CHURCH TRAMSIFERREO FROM ' MAR 26 \i\2 The Hampton rmal and Agricultural Institute HAMPTON, VIRGINIA H. B. FRISSELL F. K. ROGERS H. B. TURNER Principal Treasurer Chaplain THE SCHOOL WAS FOUNDED BY GENERAL SAMUEL C. ARMSTRONG IN 1868 FOR THE EDUCATION OF NEGRO AND INDIAN YOUTH. IT IS SITUATED AT HAMPTON, VIRGINIA, TWO MILES FROM OLD POINT COMFORT. IT AIMS TO MAKE USEFUL, LAW-ABIDING, GOD-FEARING CITIZENS, WHO WILL TEACH AND LEAD THEIR PEOPLE. ITS FUNDAMENTAL WORK IS CHARACTER-BUILDING— EDUCATION OF HEAD, HAND, AND HEART. THE HAMPTON NORMAL AND AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE IS NEITHER A STATE NOR A GOVERNMENT SCHOOL. OVER $115,000 MUST BE RAISED ANNUALLY IN DONATIONS FOR SCHOLARSHIPS AND GENERAL EXPENSES. SOME NEEDS OF THE SCHOOL ARE Permanent academic scholarships - - $2000 " industrial " - - 800 500 Annual academic " . . . 70 500 " industrial " ... 30 5000 Annual subscriptions for general purposes in amounts from $1 to $10 FORM OF BEQUEST I GIVE AND DEVISE TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE HAMP- TON NORMAL AND AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE, HAMPTON, VA., THE SUM OF DOLLARS, PAYABLE ANEW ARRIVAL AT HAMPTON, SEATED ON HIS TRUNK WHILE WAITING HIS TURN TO BE ENROLLED BY THE COMMAND- ANT OF CADETS. HAMPTON INSTITUTE HAS (1909) 1352 STUDENTS, INCLUDING 497 CHILDREN IN THE WHITTIER TRAINING SCHOOL. OF THE 855 BOARDERS, 328 ARE GIRLS. AN INDIAN, FRESH FROM THE PLAINS, ^ARRIVING AT THE WIGWAM. OF THE BOARDING STUDENTS AT HAMPTON INSTI- TUTE, SEVENTY (1909) ARE INDIANS; FIFTY OF THESE ARE GIRLS. A FIRST-YEAR BOY AT WORK IN THE STUDENTS' KITCHEN. THE NEW NE- GRO BOYS WORK AT VARIOUS KINDS OF UNSKILLED LABOR FOR ONE YEAR, GOING TO SCHOOL TWO HOURS IN THE EVENING. BY SUCH WORK THEY ACCUMULATE A CREDIT BALANCE WHICH HELPS THEM TO MEET THEIR EXPENSES. ONE OF THE FORTY INDIAN GIRLS WHO LIVE IN WINONA (ELDER SISTER) LODGE, AND DO ALL THE HOUSEWORK OF THE BUILDING. ALL THE DORMITORIES ARE REGULARLY INSPECTED BY SCHOOL OFFICERS. A TYPE OF THE NEGRO GIRLS WHO DO THE LAUNDRY WORK FOR NEARLY 1000 PERSONS, AS WELL AS FOR THE BOARDING DEPARTMENT OF THE SCHOOL. OVER 25,000 PIECES ARE WASHED EVERY WEEK. EACH GIRL IS TAUGHT HOW TO DO ALL PARTS OF THE WORK. AND IS, BESIDES, GIVEN LABORATORY INSTRUC- TION IN LAUNDRY CHEMISTRY. THE INDIAN GIRLS DO THEIR OWN WASHING AND IRONING IN THE LAUN- DRY OF THEIR BUILDING. HAMPTON INSTITUTE IS NEITHER A <10VERNMENT NOR A STATE SCHOOL, AS MANY SUPPOSE, BUT IS A PRIVATE COR- PORATION WITH A CHARTER FROM THE VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE OF 1870. THE STUDENTS HAVE A PLEASANT SO- CIAL LIFE, GIRLS AND BOYS MEETING DAILY AT TABLE AND IN THE CLASSROOM, AND OCCASIONALLY IN SOCIAL GATHER- INGS ON SATURDAY EVENINGS, UNDER THE CARE OF TEACHERS. AT SUCH TIMES AND IN THE KING'S DAUGHTERS' CIRCLES, THEY ARE TAUGHT HOW TO PLAN AND CARRY OUT SIMPLE ENTERTAINMENTS. A LOAD OF VEGETABLES FURNISHED BY THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT TO THE BOARDING DEPARTMENTS. ALL STU- DENTS OF AGRICULTURE HAVE INSTRUC- TION AND PRACTICE IN MARKET GARDEN- ING AND IN HORTICULTURE. ONE OF THE STUDENTS OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. BESIDES WORK WITH POULTRY, CATTLE, AND HORSES ON THE HOME FARM, THE STUDENTS OF THIS SUBJECT HAVE PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION AT SHELLBANKS, THE SCHOOL'S WELL- EQUIPPED STOCK FARM OF SIX HUNDRED ACRES, SIX MILES DISTANT. AN INDIAN AT WORK IN ONE OF THE GREENHOUSES. EVERY STUDENT IN THE SCHOOL, INCLUDING NEARLY FIVE HUNDRED CHILDREN IN THE WHITTIER TRAINING SCHOOL, HAS MORE OR LESS INSTRUCTION IN THE NATURE OF SOILS AND IN THE GROWTH OF PLANTS. BOTH GIRLS AND BOYS ARE GIVEN THOROUGH INSTRUCTION IN ALL KINDS OF GARDEN WORK. THEY MAKE AND CULTIVATE GARDENS OF THEIR OWN AND IN THEIR SENIOR YEAR TEACH GAR- DENING TO THE CHILDREN IN THE WHIT- TIER TRAINING SCHOOL. 14 WHENEVER A STUDENT'S PROGRAM PERMITS, HALF A YEAR IS SPENT IN PRACTICING HOUSEHOLD HANDICRAFTS. THESE INCLUDE SIMPLE CARPENTRY, PA- PERING, WHITEWASHING, PAINTING, AND GLAZING, AS WELL AS THE REPAIR OF TINWARE, SHOES, AND HARNESS. 15 WORKING BUTTER IN THE DAIRY. GIRLS AS WELL AS BOYS LEARN TO MAKE BUTTER AND STUDY VARIOUS METHODS OF CREAMING, RIPENING, AND TESTING MILK. THEY HAVE PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION IN POULTRY RAISING ALSO. i6 IN CONNECTION WITH THE COOKING COURSES, CERTAIN GIRLS ASSIST IN PREPARING THE MEALS FOR THE TEACH- ERS' HOME; AND ALL OF THEM HAVE PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN PREPARING AND SERVING BREAKFASTS AND DINNERS FOR A SMALL FAMILY. 17 EVERY GIRL IN THE SCHOOL RECEIVES INSTRUCTION IN GENERAL HOUSE- WORK, INCLUDING THE CARE OF ROOMS AND HOUSEHOLD UTENSILS, AND SILVER AND BRASS POLISHING. THE SCHOOL HAS A THOROUGHLY OR- GANIZED FIRE DEPARTMENT, WHICH HAS GIVEN EFFICIENT AID NOT ONLY ON ITS OWN GROUNDS BUT IN THE NEIGH- BORING TOWNS. 19 A TYPE OF THE BUILDING TRADES OFFERED TO ALL THE YOUNG MEN AT THE ARMSTRONG AND SLATER MEMORIAL TRADE SCHOOL. IN ALL OF THE TRADES ENTERING INTO THE BUILDING OF HOUSES THE YOUNG MEN HAVE ABUNDANT OPPOR- TUNITY FOR PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE AND FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOTH INITIA- TIVE AND SKILL. HARNESS MAKING IS A PART OF THE MANUAL TRAINING COURSE FOR BOYS. THE REGULAR "SEWING" TRADES GIVEN ARE TAILORING, SHOEMAKING, AND UP- HOLSTERING. EVERY CARPENTER IS REQUIRED TO HAVE SOME KNOWLEDGE OF BRICK- LAYING AND PLASTERING, PAINTING, AND TINSMITHING. ALL OF THE TRADE STU- DENTS HAVE LESSONS IN DRAUGHTING OR FREEHAND DRAWING TO SUPPLEMENT THEIR TRADE WORK. SOME OF THE YOUNG MEN IN THE STUDY HALL. THE ACADEMIC COURSES ARE PARALLEL WITH THE INDUSTRIAL ONES AND ARE OFTEN CORRELATED WITH THEM. THE COURSE OF STUDY COMBINES THE ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF THE PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL (EXCEPT THE CLASSICS), THE NORMAL SCHOOL, AND THE INDUS- TRIAL HIGH SCHOOL. 23 A COMPANY OF THE SCHOOL BATTALION MARCHING INTO MEMORIAL CHURCH AFTER INSPECTION. THE CHURCH, LIKE THE SCHOOL, IS UNSECTARIAN, BEING CALLED "THE CHURCH OF CHRIST IN HAMPTON INSTITUTE." THE RELIGIOUS LIFE OF THE SCHOOL IS STRONG AND EARNEST. SUNDAY SCHOOL IS HELD ON SUNDAYS AND THERE ARE REGULAR WEEKLY RELIGIOUS MEETINGS. PLANTA- TION SONGS ARE SUNG EVERY SUNDAY EVENING. 24 ALTHOUGH THERE IS NO NURSE TRAIN- ING DEPARTMENT CONNECTED WITH HAMPTON INSTITUTE, THE GIRLS HAVE LECTURES ON THE CARE OF THE SICK AND ON FIRST AID TO THE INJURED, AND THEY ASSIST THE NURSES WHEN NECESSARY. 25 THE MISSIONARY SPIRIT IS CULTIVATED BY WEEKLY VISITS TO THE OLD, THE SICK, AND THE POOR. STUDENTS IN THE OLDER CLASSES TEACH IN MISSION SUNDAY SCHOOLS, OR VISIT THE CABINS, JAIL, OR POORHOUSE ON SUNDAY. DURING THEIR LEISURE TIME ON WEEK DAYS THEY FRE- QUENTLY MEND FENCES OR CABINS, OR MAKE GARDENS FOR THE HELPLESS. 26 IN THE KING'S DAUGHTERS' "TENS," THE GIRLS ARE ENCOURAGED TO THINK OF AND WORK FOR OTHERS. CHRISTMAS BOXES ARE SENT TO NEEDY SCHOOLS AND CLOTHES ARE MADE FOR THE POOR IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. 27 AT A NEIGHBORING SOCIAL SETTLEMENT UNDER THE CARE OF HAMPTON GRADUATES, SENIOR GIRLS ASSIST IN TEACHING SEWING AND GARDENING, AND SENIOR BOYS IN TEACHING NIGHT SCHOOL. THE IDEA OF SERVICE IS INCULCATED IN EVERY POSSIBLE WAY. 28 A TYPE OF THE STUDENT-TEACHERS WHO HAVE THE ENTIRE CARE, FOR A HALF-YEAR, OF A GRADE OF CHILDREN IN THE WHITTIER TRAINING SCHOOL. BE- SIDES THE ORDINARY PRIMARY STUDIES THEY TEACH GARDENING, SEWING, AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES. 29 THE HUNTINGTON MEMORIAL LIBRARY SUPPLEMENTS THE WORK OF ALL DE- PARTMENTS, AND NOT ONLY LOANS ABOUT 15,000 BOOKS ANNUALLY, BUT HAS A REFERENCE ROOM IN CONSTANT USE AND A PICTURE EXHIBIT ROOM OF DISTINCT CULTURAL VALUE. THIS BUILDING IS ONE OF OVER ONE HUNDRED WHICH WITH THIER EQUIPMENT AND WITH TWO LARGE FARMS, CONSTI- TUTE THE PLANT OF HAMPTON INSTITUTE. 3° VIRGINIA AND CLEVELAND HALLS ARE GIRLS' DORMITORIES AND CONTAIN ALSO DINING ROOMS AND CHAPEL. SINCE 1868, 8248 STUDENTS HAVE RECEIVED INSTRUCTION AT HAMPTON. EIGHTY-SEVEN PER CENT OF THEM ARE NOW ENGAGED IN USEFUL OCCUPATIONS, FOLLOWING TRADES, TEACHING, OR FARM- ING. A PAMPHLET, "SOME RESULTS OF HAMPTON'S WORK," WHICH MAY BE OB- TAINED ON APPLICATION, GIVES FUR- THER INFORMATION. 31 EACH YEAR IT IS NECESSARY, IN ORDER TO SUPPLEMENT THE SCHOOL'S REGULAR INCOME, TO RAISE $115,000 FOR RUNNING EXPENSES. THE ENDOWMENT FUND IS INADEQUATE, A FUND OF $3,000,000 BEING NEEDED TO PLACE THE INSTITUTION ON A FIRM FOUNDATION. ALL BEQUESTS ARE ADDED TO THE ENDOW- MENT, BUT ANY GIFT, EVEN THE SMALLEST, IS ENCOURAGING AND HELPFUL. 5,si ■i^r c - * * V •< '-^^ .4C "^o^ O » A ^ (\ « o ^ O V ?.°-^^, ^^ / -^^ -^ <. 1 ■> o, ■*■;>•