A REPORT 
 
 OIT THE 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 RANGE AND HABITS OP THE SEA OTTER-ITS DECREASE UNDER 
 AMERICAN RULE, AND SOME OE THE CAUSES-IMPORTANCE 
 OF THE SEA OTTER TO THE NATIVES OF ALASKA 
 INHABITING THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS- 
 PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR 1898. 
 
 BY 
 
 C. L. HOOPER, Captain R. C. S., 
 
 COMMANDING SEEING SEA PATROL FLEET, 1897. 
 
 WASHINGTON: 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 
 1897. 
 
A REPORT 
 
 CIS THE / ^ / 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 RANGE ANP HABITS OF THE SEA OTTER— ITS DECREASE UNDER 
 AMERICAN RULE, AND SOME OF THE CAUSES— IMPORTANCE 
 OF THE SEA OTTER TO THE NATIVES OF ALASKA 
 INHABITING THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS- 
 PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR 1898. 
 
 BY 
 
 US. 
 C. L. HOOPEB, Captain, R. C. S., 
 
 COMMANDING BEKING SEA PATROL FLEET, 1897. 
 
 WASHINGTON": 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING O:.7K'I013. 
 189 7. ^ • ' 
 
a ^^^ 
 
 '^K^ 
 
 Treasury Department. 
 
 Document No. 1977. 
 
 Office of Secretary, Division of lUvenue Cutter Service. 
 
 5tr 21 iyo6 
 D. ofD. 
 
REPORT ON THE SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 Head-quarters Bering Sea Fleet, 
 
 Unalaska, Alaska, 
 • September 15, 1897. 
 
 Sir: I have the honor to submit, for your information and considera- 
 tion, the following report on the Sea-Otter Banks of Alaska: 
 
 EARLY SEA-OTTER HUNTING. 
 
 When the Russians first visited Alaska, its waters abounded in sea 
 otter, and the early voyagers reajjed a rich harvest, hunting them with- 
 out restraint. As a result, after more than fifty years, toward the 
 close of the eighteenth century, a marked decrease was noticeable. 
 
 The otter, which at the time of the discovery of the Pribilof Islands, 
 17SG, were said to have " swarmed the shores of St. George," had 
 almost entirely disappeared, and at many other places there had been 
 a decided falling oft' in their numbers. 
 
 RUSSIAN-AMERICAN COMPANY. 
 
 About the close of the century the Eussian- American Company was 
 organized and duly chartered by the Czar for a term of twenty years. 
 This company, which in 1820 had its charter renewed, had been granted 
 new privileges, and was practically in control of the Territory, and 
 exercised, to some extent, a supervision over the hunters and placed 
 restrictions on the number of sea otter to be taken. The demands of 
 the market were considered and the catch apportioned to the difterent 
 districts with reference to the number of hunters, etc. The natives 
 were held strictly to the number allotted, and any otter killed in excess 
 were carried over until the next year. They also laid down certain 
 rules for the hunters to avoid disturbing the otter, lest they should be 
 driven away. 
 
 At that time the otter hauled out upon the land to feed on the sea 
 urchins and other shellfish exposed at low water, to sleep and rest, and 
 give birth to their young, and were taken in nets and killed by clubbing. 
 The females were spared, and one of the first lessons taught the youug 
 hunter after he had learned to manage the kyak and to throw the spear 
 was how to distinguish the female from the male animal in the water, 
 by the color and shape of its head and neck, which, unlike the fur seal, 
 differ sufficiently to clearly mark the sexes. When hunting upon the 
 "^ 3 
 
4 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 shores, care Avas taken by tbe Luiiters to avoid any noise or disturbance, 
 or leaving any mark or sign by which their presence might become 
 known to the otter, whicli are exceedingly timid and suspicious and 
 easily driven away from a locality if disturbed. The sea otter is very 
 unlike that most stupid of all animals, the fur seal, which, commencing 
 as a yearling, makes periodical trips to the killing grounds with the 
 "drive," crawling over the bones of many generations of its ancestors, 
 and nearly smothered in the high grass fertilized by their decaying 
 bodies, presents itself for inspection year after year until of suitable age 
 to be killed, when, surrounded by its dead companions, it takes the 
 desired position and cranes its neck forward to meet the deadly club, 
 which, with one blow on its tender skull, makes this trip to the killing 
 grouiid its last. 
 
 Boots with iron nails were prohibited, and tires were b'uili away from 
 the hauling grounds and. lighted only when the \yind was ftom the sea 
 to carry the smoke inland. No guns were used, only the noiseless but 
 equally deadly spear. 
 
 DECREASE OF SEA OTTER. 
 
 In spite of all the precautions taken the sea otter appear to have 
 decreased, from year to year, and in some parts, notably the Pribilof 
 Islands, to have entirely disappeared before Alaska came under the 
 American flag. After the transfer, although the same rigid rules could 
 not be enforced, the effects of them were felt for some years. From 
 habit many of the native hunters continued to spare the female, but 
 gradually all precautions came to be ignored. Hunting schooners 
 came yearly to the otter banks; cod fisheries were established in the 
 immediate vicinity of them, and the offal lined the shores and tilled the 
 water. One of the best otter grounds in Alaska, the Sannak Keefs, 
 is said to have been greatly injured by the cod fisheries established 
 there. 
 
 On account of the vast extent of country and the limited force at its 
 command, the Government has not enforced the law prohibiting white 
 men from killing fur-bearing animals in Alaska, and the sea otter, being 
 the most valuable, has received its full share of attention. Being con- 
 stantly harassed, clubbed and shot on shore, caught in nets by white 
 men, their hauling grounds made uninhabitable by the camp fires of 
 the hunters and defiled by fisheries and the decaying bodies of their 
 slaughtered companions, the sea otter of the Aleutian Islands has not 
 only decreased in numbers, but lias actually changed its habits. It no 
 longer comes out upon the land to feed, rest, or give birth to its young. 
 A floating raft of kelp serves as its only resting place, and banks of 
 oO fathoms of water are its feeding grounds. Even there it is huntevl 
 and harassed by hunting schooners from March until August. Having 
 been driven from the shore it is being exterminated on the sea by a fleet 
 of hunting schooners, and the native hunters of the Aleutian Islands 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. O 
 
 are being deprived of tbeir chief means of subsistence. In addition to 
 its cliauge of habits and decrease in numbers, the range of the otter is 
 very much reduced. 
 
 The otter grounds west of ITnimak Pass are i)ractically abandoned. 
 On some banks stray individuals are still taken at long intervals, while 
 on others, not an otter has been taken during the last decade. 
 
 No reliable record of the catch of sea otter prior to 1873 is obtain- 
 able and the record since that date is only approximate, including those 
 only that were bought by the Alaska Commercial Company, which were, 
 however, a majority of all taken in these waters in actual numbers, 
 and the change from year to year maybe taken as proportionate to the 
 changes which took place in the entire herd. 
 
 The accompanying tabular statement, for which I am indebted to the 
 courtesy of the Alaska Commercial Company, shows the number of 
 otter purchased by that company from 1873 to 1897, both inclusive. In 
 1883 the Korth American Fur and Trading Company, which prior to 
 that time had been trading in furs, with headquarters at Unalaska, 
 sold out its interests to the Alaska Commercial Company, and with 
 them its stock of sea otter purchased that year, 4GG in all. Supposing, 
 in the absence of a better guide, that this number represents a fair 
 average of yearly purchase of sea otter by the North American Fur 
 and Trading Company for the ten years from 1873 to 1883, we can 
 increase the yearly totals that amount. This does not include otter 
 taken by schooners and not sold to the companies named. 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS. 
 
 The sea-otter grounds under consideration, for convenience sake, 
 maybe divided into districts, as follows: Beginning at the extreme 
 west, Attn, Atka, Umnak, Unalaska, Akutan, Sannak, Morzhovoi, 
 Belkofski, Unga, and Kadiak. 
 
 ATTU. 
 
 The Attu grounds included Attn and Agattu, and were hunted by 
 the Attu natives with kyak and spear. The other island named did 
 not contain permanent inhabitants, but hunting i^arties crossed over 
 from Attu in large skin boats during the offshore hunting season, 
 from June to August, inclusive. The stormy condition of the sea iire- 
 vented them venturing far from the shore in their frail boats at other 
 seasons. The Attu otter grounds were on the south or Pacific side 
 of the islands, and extended not more than 6 miles from the shore. 
 Otter have almost entirely disappeared from tliese grounds. Since 
 1882 only an occasional one has been taken, although periodic hunting 
 trips are still made. A native hunting party in the American schooner 
 Challenge in July, 1896, cruised over these grounds for eighteen days, 
 with fine weather, without seeing one sea otter. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 ATKA. 
 
 The Atka grounds extend from and include Buldir Island on the 
 west to Four Mountains on the east. This ground is claimed and 
 hunted by the Atka natives, who live at Nazan Bay, on the east en<l of 
 the island, the only permanent settlement between Attu and Uranak 
 since the abandonment, mariy years ago, of Korovin, a small settle- 
 ment on the north side of the same island. 
 
 The conditions of native hunting on the Atka grounds were almost 
 identical with those at Attu. The manner of hunting, distance from 
 the shore, duration of the oftshore hunting season, means of getting 
 from island to island, the use of the kyak and spear, and all smaller 
 details were the same. This was a large district and the otter banks 
 far apart, and the dififlculties and dangers to be met and overcome in 
 going from one to the other in open skin boats can only be appreciated 
 by one who has experienced the dangerous tide races and overfalls 
 that are to be encountered there, even in moderate weather, which try 
 the seagoing qualities of small vessels. In many parts of this district 
 the sea otter is entirely extinct. None have been taken from the 
 Buldir Island banks since 1874. Occasional otter are found in what 
 is known locally as Shut in Strait (Tanega Pass). Kiska and Amchitka, 
 favorite hunting grounds of former times, are entirely abandoned; so 
 also Seguam, Yuuaska, and Amukta and the islands of Four Mountains. 
 
 TJMNAK. 
 
 The sea-otter grounds of the Umnak district were confined to the 
 banks adjacent to this one island. Like those of Attu and Atka, the 
 Umnak banks were on the Pacific side of the island, but extended 
 somewhat farther oft' shore. These banks were hunted by the inhabit- 
 ants of Nikolski, the only permanent settlement on the island, but 
 are now entirely abandoned. For a number of years, owing to the 
 great decrease of otter on the Umnak grounds, the people were very 
 poor and deeply in debt, their only income being the few foxes they 
 were able to catch, scarcely enough to supply them with tea and sugar. 
 For the past four years they have been taken to the Kadiak banks in 
 the schooner Everett Hays, of Unalaska, and have done fairly well, 
 being able to furnish themselves and families with the necessaries of 
 life, besides paying oft' a portion of their debts. 
 
 UNALASKA. 
 
 The hunting ground of the Unalaska division is on the south or 
 Pacific side of the island, and extends its entire length. It is hunted 
 by the natives of each of the five settlements on the island — Biorka, 
 Chernofski, Kashega, Makushin, and Unalaska (Iliuliuk). 
 
 The men use both gun and spear in hunting otter, and extend their 
 hunting farther off shore; otherwise the conditions are the same as at 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 7 
 
 the other divisions referred to. But few otter have been found on the 
 Unalaska banks for several years, by far the larger part of those 
 credited to Unalaska in the tabulated statement having been taken by 
 Unalaska hunters on the Kadiak grounds. 
 
 AKUTAN. 
 
 The Akutan division includes the banks south of Akutan, Avatanak, 
 and Tigalda. These were claimed and hunted by the natives of Akutan 
 Harbor, the only permanent habitation in this group. Here, also, the 
 hunters used both gun and spear. The otter of this division are prac- 
 tically extinct. For the past ten years the annual catch has not 
 exceeded 3, and more frequently it is only 1, 
 
 SANNAK. 
 
 The Sannak district, which includes the reef and banks lying off the 
 Sannak Islands, was claimed and hunted by the Belkofski natives and 
 a few living on Sannak. For many years hunting parties from Akutan 
 and Unalaska Island, and even from the divisions farther west, have been 
 carried in schooners each year to these banks and taken away again 
 at the end of the hunting season. Some parties have been left there 
 during the winter, comfortable houses having been built for their accom- 
 modation. The otter are now nearly extinct on the Sannak grounds, 
 the greater part of those credited to this district since 1890 having 
 been taken on the Kadiak grounds. 
 
 Vessels fitted out for hunting on the Sannak grounds, failing to find 
 otter there, extend their cruising to the Kadiak grounds, but keep no 
 separate account of the catch, and it is all credited to the ground for 
 which the vessel sailed originally. The few taken from this ground are 
 taken by schooners well off shore. 
 
 MORZHOVOI. 
 
 This district was hunted by the inhabitants of the settlement of that 
 name in Isanotski Strait or False Pass. The hunting ground embraces 
 the banks and reefs in the vicinity of the pass on the Pacific side, the 
 pass itself in which during Eussian times many thousands were taken, 
 and the banks in Bering Sea between Cape Lapin, Unimak Island, on 
 the southwest, and Amak Island on the northeast. For many years 
 the Morzhovoi natives have used both gun and spear. This ground is 
 nearly hunted out, and a large part of the skins credited to it during 
 the past ten years were taken on the Kadiak grounds by Morzhovoi 
 hunters. 
 
 BELKOFSKI. 
 
 This district includes Belkofski and Wosnessenski and the outlying 
 reefs and banks. The district was hunted by natives of both islands, 
 the gun and spear being used. This was one of the richest districts, 
 
8 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 and prior to 1888 produced annually upward of 700 skins. Since that 
 date the number has fallen off gradually until, in 1890, but 16 were 
 taken by the uatives of both settlements. 
 
 UNGA. 
 
 The Unga district includes all the banks and reefs lying off the outer 
 Shumagin Islands. These grounds were hunted by the inhabitants of 
 Delarof Harbor, Uuga Island; Korovin, a small settlement on the 
 island of that name, and Simeonofski. They used guns and spears. 
 This district formerly produced from 300 to 400 otter each year. In 
 1896 but 22 were taken. 
 
 KADIAK. 
 
 The Kadiak district includes the banks in the vicinity of the island, 
 also Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait. In the latter jjlaces but few 
 remain. 
 
 PRESENT OTTER GROUNDS. 
 
 A majority of all the sea otter taken at the present day throughout 
 the Aleutian Islands are taken on the banks to the southwest of Kadiak. 
 The banks are bounded on the northwest by the Alaska Peninsula, on 
 the northeast by Kadiak Islands, southeast by the Trinity Islands and 
 Chirikof, and on the southwest by the Seuiedi Islands. It will be seen 
 that the decrease of the otter has been general and is not confined to 
 any particular locality. Neither does it appear that any particular style 
 of hunting is more destructive than the rest. 
 
 In the western districts, Attn and Atka, where only the spear was 
 nsed, the decrease has been quite as marked as in the eastern districts, 
 where the gun has been used almost exclusively. The gun, while not 
 more destructive than the spear, is perhaps more wasteful, as by its use 
 some are i^robably wounded but escape capture and die, while of those 
 struck by the spear but few if any are lost. 
 
 NETTING SEA OTTER. 
 
 ISTetting is also a wasteful method of taking otter. Unless the ani- 
 mals caught are taken out of the net within a few hours after death, 
 the carcass is attacked by millions of minute animals (small amphipod 
 crustaceans) that infest these waters, and in a little while the pelt is 
 rendered worthless. Netting is done during the stormy weather. The 
 net is stretched from the shore to a convenient outlying rock. Cold, 
 hard storms prevail, which frequently prevent the nets being visited 
 for days at a time, and in the past many valuable skins have been lost 
 in this way. Netting is not general at the present time, but is practiced 
 to some extent by white men who inhabit the small outer islands of the 
 Sannak and Shumagin groups and at other points. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 IMPORTANCE OF THE SEA OTTER TO THE ALEUTS. 
 
 The sea otter has been, since the first advent of the Russians, the 
 principal means of support of the natives of the Aleutian Islands. 
 The decrease in the yearly catch has already broug^ht some of the set- 
 tlements to a state of want, and if they are allowed to become exter- 
 minated, actual suffering and even starvation can only be averted by 
 Government aid. Properly protected and reserved exclusively for the 
 use of the natives, the otter, while it can probably never be brought up 
 to its former numbers, can be preserved from extermination and will 
 furnish a means of subsistence for these people for many years. 
 
 WHITE HUNTERS. 
 
 In former references to this subject I have urged upon the Govern- 
 ment the justice of allowing the white men married to native women 
 and actually settled within the Territory to take sea otter by means of 
 the net. This necessity no longer exists. The oi)ening of mines and 
 canneries in various parts of Alaska will furnish employment for all 
 such, and in time no doubt the natives in the vicinity may be madeu^e- 
 lul in the same way; but a large majority of the latter are isolated, 
 many hundreds of miles away, and in numbers far in excess of the pres- 
 ent needs of the mines and canneries. 
 
 Inclosed and forming a part of this report is a statement of the num- 
 ber of natives at the different Aleutian settlements at the present time, 
 obtained by actual count and from the records of the Greek Church, 
 for which I am under obligation to the resident Russian priest, Rev. 
 A. Kedrofsky. 
 
 There are in all sixteen native settlemeuts, and an aggregate of 
 1,105 native inhabitants. 
 
 RESOURCES OF THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS. 
 
 The resources of these islands may be stated as follows : Attn, in 
 addition to an occasional otter, produces a limited number of blue 
 foxes, but they are inferior in quality to those taken on the Pribilof 
 Isla,nds, and do not bring so high a price. The catch is yearly getting 
 smaller. Some of the islands in the Atka district still furnish a 
 few fox skins of different varieties. From Kanaga a few red and 
 cross foxes are obtained. Adakh formerly produced many silver foxes, 
 but has only a very few left. Great Sitchin Island produces a few red 
 foxes only. Atka has only a few blue foxes of the same grade as those 
 caught at Attn. Amlia has silver foxes, but they are almost extinct, 
 only an occasional one being taken. Umnak and Unalaska disticts 
 produce a few red and cross foxes and an occasional silver fox. The 
 islands in the Akutan district also produce red and cross foxes and an 
 occasional silver fox. 
 
10 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 ALASKA COMMERCIAL COMPANY. 
 
 From the organization of the Ahiska Commercial Company in 1809 
 to the present time a large part of the furs taken by the Aleut hunters 
 were purchased by its agents, stores being maintained for the purpose 
 of trading at each of the native settlements. Owing to the falling off 
 in the yield of furs many of these trading stations have been conducted 
 at a loss for several years, and to avoid a continxTation of these losses 
 are being abandoned. In a few cases the station agents, men who are 
 married to native women, and who, if not hunters themselves, accom- 
 pany the native hunting parties, have bought out the company's interest, 
 and will, as a forlorn hope, still try to eke out a living. At other places 
 the stores are closed and all supplies taken away. A man named Dirks, 
 for many years company's agent at Atka, purchased its interests at 
 Atka and Attn. He also bought a small vessel, and so long as he can 
 make it pay will keep a small supply of necessary stores at these places. 
 Umnak and four of the five settlements on Unalaska Island — Chernof- 
 ski, Kashega, Makushin, and Biorka — have been abandoned, as have 
 Akutan, Sannak, Morzhovoi, Wosnessenski, and Belkofski. 
 
 HUNTING FROM SCHOONERS. 
 
 After the disappearance of the otterfrom the western hunting grounds 
 it became necessary to transport hunting parties in schooners to the 
 Sannak and Kadiak grounds. At first the parties with their outfits of 
 bidarkas, guns, spears, tents, cooking utensils, etc., were taken by the 
 vessel to some convenient point and landed, and hunted from the shore, 
 living in tents. Of late years the hunting parties have remained on 
 board the vessels and hunted from them. The vessels cruise over the 
 hunting grounds, keeping a sharp lookout until otter are seen, when, if 
 the weather is suitable, the bidarkas are put over and the chase begins. 
 
 The bidarkas keeping well together soon get the otter surrounded, 
 tire it out, and capture it without difficulty. Sea otter frequently travel 
 in herds; sometimes 20 or 30 are seen at the same time. If the weather 
 is favorable and the hunters work well together a fair percentage of 
 all seen are taken. 
 
 Although all are hunting together, the otter belongs to the hunter 
 who kills it, and strange as it may seein there is seldom a question as 
 to ownership. If an otter is shot in such a way as to make it impossi- 
 ble to determine its rightful owner the matter is settled by giving the 
 pelt to the church. In Eussian times, when only the spears were used, 
 each hunter had his mark, and the spear nearest the nose of the animal 
 owned it. This was to induce the hunters to throw their spears at the 
 head to avoid injuring the pelt. 
 
 In August the schooners return and a settlement is had. For its 
 share of the work the schooner takes one-third of the otter caught, and 
 the rest belong to the hunters. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 11 
 
 As stated, a majority of all pelts taken by the Aleutian hunters are 
 sold to the Alaska Commercial Company, whose method of dealing 
 with the natives is particularly simple and fair. Immediately after the 
 return of the hunting parties all the hunters meet, accompanied by the 
 chief, and the furs are brought out for inspection and appraisement by 
 the company's agent. Those belonging to each hunter are examined 
 separately, each fur is appraised and the price ofi'ered is announced in 
 Russian and repeated in Aleut in a tone loud and clear enough for all 
 to understand. Each hunter is furnished with a book in which the 
 value of his catch is entered. From this is deducted the amount of his 
 indebtedness to the company, and the balance is paid in coin or placed 
 to his credit as he may elect. After settling up, the work of buying a 
 winter outfit begins. With those who have money this is a simple cash 
 transaction; gold is converted into silver and each article required is 
 bought and paid for separately. To the hunter who has caught noth- 
 ing, and in consequence has no money, a winter's supply is given on 
 credit. I am informed, however, that in future the Alaska Commercial 
 Company will discontinue the credit system and do only a cash busi- 
 ness, to guard against loss. The system i^racticed has been so simple 
 and plain that even the Aleut had no difficulty in understanding it, and 
 no difierences arose. 
 
 After buying their winter outfit, the hunters and their purchases are 
 taken on board the schooner in which they have been hunting and given 
 free transportation to their homes. 
 
 CONCLrSIONS. 
 
 By the foregoing statements and annexed tables it will be seen : First, 
 that the annual catch of sea otter has been steadily and rapidly decreas- 
 ing for the past ten years, the number killed yearly being api)arently 
 greater than the natural increase. Second, that the sea otter has not 
 only decreased in numbers, but that it has actually changed its habits 
 and is no longer found on or near the shore; further, that the sea otter 
 grounds are very much reduced in area. Third, that about 1,165 natives 
 of the Aleutian Islands are almost wholly dependent upon the sea otter 
 for the necessaries of life and will be left destitute if the animal is 
 exterminated. Fourth, that on account of the decreased area of the 
 hunting grounds and the disappearance of the otter from the western 
 Aleutian Islands, a large number of the natives are isolated and can 
 only reach the hunting grounds by the aid of schooners. Fifth, by the 
 withdrawal of the Alaska Commercial Company's stores from the differ- 
 ent settlements the natives are left dependent upon TJnalaska for the 
 necessaries of life, and communication between this and the other settle- 
 ments can only be accomplished by vessel. The present generation has 
 not the art of building seagoing bidarras. Sea lion, from the skin of 
 which the covering is made, have also decreased until there are only 
 enough left to make the small bidarkas, and in any event the schooner 
 
12 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 is more comfortable, safer, fiister, and made use of in a proper manner 
 will not be detrimental to the sea otter berd. Sixth, it does not appear 
 that the use of lirearms, although perhaps more wasteful, is more 
 destructive to the herd than spears. The banks of the Attn district, 
 where the spear was used exclusively, were the first to be abandoned 
 by the otter. 
 
 In the preparation of regulations for the taking of sea otter these 
 fiicts must be considered : It is not only necessary to preserve the otter, 
 the most beautiful and valuable fur-bearing animal in the world, but 
 to preserve it for the benefit of the natives who have been dependent 
 upon it for more than a century, and who will be reduced to suffering 
 and want without it. 
 
 In the preparation of regulations another point arises: Are the i^res- 
 ent sea-otter banks wholly within the territorial waters of the United 
 States! If so, no international agreement to the regulations is neces- 
 sary, as was the case with the fur seal. In the light of what knowledge 
 I have upon the subject, I believe that the principal parts of the pres- 
 ent sea-otter hunting ground are wholly within the territorial Avaters of 
 the United States. 
 
 As shown, the place where sea otter are hunted at present is to the 
 southwest of Kadiak, on what is known as the Kadiak ground. A 
 reference to the accompanying chart will show this body of water to 
 be a large bay, a continuation of Shelikof Strait, entirely surrounded 
 by land on three sides, and nearly so on the fourth, all of which land 
 is United States territory. This bay has always been considered as 
 territorial waters, and, so far as I know, no foreign vessel has ever 
 hunted therein. In 1892 Hon. Warren Truitt, United States district 
 judge for the District of Alaska, decided that this was United States 
 territorial waters and promptly condemned two sea-otter liunting 
 vessels, the schooners St. Paul and Alexander, seized therein by the 
 revenue steamer Corwiu, for hunting sea ott«r with white hunters, in 
 violation of article 1956, Ke vised Statutes. The \iew taken by Judge 
 Truitt should be formally adopted by the Government of the United 
 States. 
 
 Under almost precisely similar conditions, I am informed that the 
 Canadian Government claims Hecate Strait, inside of Queen Charlotte 
 Island, a much larger bay, as territorial waters, and American halibut 
 fishermen are being warned away from there by the Dominion revenue 
 cutter Quadra. 
 
 If this bay in which the otter are found derives a national character 
 from the land by which it is surrounded, and the line representing the 
 limit of United States jurisdiction passes 3 miles outside of Kodiak, 
 Trinity Islands, and Chirikof, suitable regulations by the United States 
 Government, properly enforced, will furnish ample protection for the 
 sea otter, as not enough can be taken outside of these limits to encour- 
 age hunting to any extent. 
 
SEA-OrrER BANKS OF ALASKA. 13 
 
 There are at the present time no British or other foreign vessels 
 engaged in liunting sea otter in these waters, and it does not appear 
 that any have done so in the past. Since this is a fact, and the decrease 
 of sea otter is due to overkilling by our own people, it does not appear 
 that there is any necessity for an international agreement, or grounds 
 upon which to ask it. If foreign vessel^s were not attracted in former 
 times, they are not likely to be now that the sea-otter herd is reduced 
 to barely one tenth its former numbers, and when not one of the Ameri- 
 can schooners engaged in it is paying expenses. 
 
 If an international agreement should be deemed necessary, a flfteen- 
 mile limit, as shown on the chart transmitted herewith and forming a part 
 of this .report, would afford ample protection and should be adopted, 
 although this is not recommended except as a last resort, and in that 
 event an exception should be made in favor of the Aleuts hunting from 
 the shore in their native canoes (bidarkas), as is done in the fur-seal 
 regulations, article 9, section G, Bering Sea Award, in favor of the 
 Indian hunters farther south; otherwise one of the prime objects of the 
 }>reservation of the sea otter will be defeated. 
 
 The article quoted permits the Indian hunters of the west coast of 
 the United States and British Columbia to hunt seals from the shore 
 in their native canoes at all seasons, but unjustly and without apparent 
 cause discriminates against the Aleut and forbids him to hunt them at 
 any time. To fully appreciate the injustice of this ruling, it nuist be 
 known that the Aleuts use the flesh of the fur seal as an article of food 
 and prize it highly, while the Indians referred to do not eat it. The 
 amount of seal meat thrown away by these Indian hunters each year 
 would go far toward furnishing the Aleuts with a much needed supply 
 of fresh meat. 
 
 Herewith are appended a set of regulations suggested for the gov- 
 ernment of sea-otter hunting for the season of 18!>8. As will be seen, 
 these regulations are intended to preserve the remaining sea otter for 
 the use of the Aleut hunters and their families, in accordance with the 
 spirit of article 1950, Eevised Statutes. It is believed that this can be 
 attained only by prohibiting all hunting from schooners. There i^^ no 
 proliibition of the use of firearms suggested, for two reasons: First, 
 that it does not appear to be particularly injurious; second, becajise 
 such a i^rohibition could not be enforc'ed without working great hard- 
 siiip upon the natives. Obviously, if forbidden to be used in hunting 
 otter, the carrying of firearms by hunting parties must be prohibited. 
 To deprive these native hunting parties of the use of guns to kill game 
 while out on the long hunts of several months would indeed be a serious 
 hardship, and could not be consistently recommended. 
 
 Under present conditions tlie sea otter is becoming extinct, and, as 
 many of the hvinting schooners are manned by white hunters from San 
 Francisco, the natives are receiving only a part of the benefit. 
 
 Under the proposed regulations the ren?ainiug otter will be preserved 
 
14 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 for the use of the natives, and they being compelled to hunt from the 
 shore, only a limited number will be taken, and the herd will perhaps 
 increase. Unless some action of this kind is taken, in a very few years 
 a large portion of the Aleutian Island natives must be taken care of by 
 the Government or starve. 
 
 If these regulations meet the approval of the Department, I respect- 
 fully recommend that they be adopted and promulgated without delay, 
 in order that the hunting schooners, some of which sail about February 
 each year, may receive due notice. 
 
 Appended will also be found tabular statements giving the number 
 of sea otter taken in Alaskan waters, and census tables of the inhabi- 
 tants of the islands, etc. 
 
 C. L. Hooper, 
 
 Gapt., R. C. S,, Comdg. Bering iSea Fleet. 
 Hon. Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Table A. — Rkgulations GO^'^RNING sea-otter hunting and vessels employed 
 
 IN TRANSPORTING SEA-OTTER HUNTING PARTIES WITHIN THE TERRITORIAL WATERS 
 
 OF Alaska for the year 1898, under authority of Revised Statutes. 
 
 Article 1. 
 
 No person sball be allowed to kill sea otter within the limits of Alaska Territory 
 or the waters thereof, from or by the use of any boat or vessel other than the ordi- 
 Qary .two-hatch skin-covered bidarka or the open Yakutat canoe. . 
 
 Article 2. 
 
 Only sailing vessels and the bidarkas and the canoes above described may be 
 em])loyed in transporting sea-otter hunting parties to and from the hunting grounds, 
 but no hunting from vessels shall be permitted. 
 
 Article 3. 
 
 Every vessel employed in transporting sea-otter hunting parties shall have, in 
 addition to the papers now required by law, a special order or permit from the Sec- 
 retary of the Treasury. 
 
 Article 4. 
 The use of nets for the capture of sea otter is prohibited. 
 
 Article 5. 
 
 It shall be the duty of officers of the United States who may be stationed in the 
 localities where sea otter are taken, or who may have knowledge of any offense hav- 
 ing been committed, to take all proper measures to enforce the penalties of the law. 
 
 Article 6. 
 
 Foreign vessels of every description will be forbidden to hunt sea otter within the 
 territorial waters of the United States. Such prohil)ition shall exten<l to all waters 
 lying between the peninsula of Alaska and a line drawn 3 miles to the southeast- 
 ward of a line connecting the southeastern headlands of the Island of Kadiak, 
 thence extending to the southeastern headlands of the Trinity Islands, of Chirikof, the 
 Sliiimagiu group, Sannak, and other islands of the Aleutian group, to Attn, thence 
 along the northern headlands of the Aleutian Islands to the said peninsula of Alaska, 
 as shown in the accompanying chart, such waters thus inclosed being territorial 
 waters of the United States. 
 
 Article 7. 
 
 Any master of a vessel or other person violating any i>art of these regulations shall 
 be considered to have violated the provisions of section 19.56, Revised Statutes, here- 
 inafter annexed, andwill be liable to the penalty described therein. (U. S. Rev. Stat., 
 sec. 1956.) 
 
 15 
 
16 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 "No person shall kill any otter, mink, marton, sable, or fur seal, or other fur- 
 bearing aiiiinal within the limits of Alaska Territory, or in the waters thereof; and 
 every person guilty tbercof shall, for each offense, be lined not less than two hun- 
 dred nor more than one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than six months, 
 or both; and all vessels, their tackle, apparel, furniture, and cargo, found engaged 
 in violation of tliis section shall be forfeited ; but the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
 liave power to authorize the killing of any such mink, sable, or other fur-bearing 
 animal, except fur seals, under such regulations as hemay ])rescribe; and it shall be 
 the duty of the Secretary to prevent the killing of any fur seal, and to provide lor 
 the execution of the provisions of this section until it is otherwise provided by law; 
 nor shall he grant any special privileges under this section." 
 
 Articlk 8. 
 
 The foregoing regulations are intended to apply only to the season of 1898. 
 
 Table B. — ArpRoxiMAXE number of sea otter taken in Alaskan waters by 
 Aleutian Island natives each year from 1873 to 1896, inclusive. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 < 
 
 C3 
 
 < 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 a 
 a 
 
 in 
 
 cs 
 
 .5 
 < 
 
 ■p 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 II 
 
 (8 
 
 5 
 M 
 
 
 Ig73 
 
 141 
 27 
 
 105 
 67 
 14 
 59 
 20 
 11 
 22 
 6 
 4 
 
 (i 
 4 
 5 
 5 
 
 129 
 151 
 444 
 155 
 236 
 
 i;i2 
 
 211 
 142 
 
 57 
 73 
 
 "'69' 
 54 
 
 84 
 122 
 58 
 04 
 51 
 35 
 39 
 29 
 2() 
 20 
 24 
 21 
 
 195 
 
 224 
 
 240 
 
 141 
 
 ]«6 
 
 104 
 
 305 
 
 73 
 
 33 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 84 
 
 44 
 
 57 
 
 26 
 
 46 
 
 21 
 
 16 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 1 I 
 
 1 
 
 54 
 
 237 
 
 208 
 
 310 
 
 226 
 
 197 
 
 88 
 
 38 
 
 21 
 
 35 
 
 "■49' 
 
 24 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 477 
 892 
 920 
 980 
 520 
 700 
 765 
 694 
 995 
 975 
 184 
 820 
 912 
 797 
 853 
 737 
 643 
 476 
 466 
 486 
 171 
 132 
 204 
 318 
 324 
 
 85 
 58 
 76 
 45 
 35 
 43 
 9 
 6 
 11 
 
 ''. 
 
 "'26' 
 
 41 
 
 29 
 
 1 
 5 
 3 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 2 
 
 221 
 
 263 
 
 176 
 
 255 
 
 214 
 
 264 
 
 259 
 
 226 
 
 213 
 
 114 
 
 32 
 
 179 
 
 256 
 
 285 
 
 156 
 
 160 
 
 94 
 
 108 
 
 68 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 36 
 
 32 
 
 24 
 
 18 
 
 754 
 445 
 430 
 684 
 621 
 834 
 809 
 800 
 752 
 792 
 151 
 1,187 
 838 
 903 
 702 
 734 
 398 
 313 
 272 
 202 
 132 
 140 
 71 
 23 
 16 
 
 209 
 
 139 
 
 75 
 
 149 
 
 152 
 
 248 
 
 254 
 
 216 
 
 293 
 
 233 
 
 82 
 
 371 
 
 553 
 
 472 
 
 346 
 
 346 
 
 257 
 
 173 
 
 116 
 
 72 
 
 189 
 
 37 
 
 42 
 
 57 
 
 22 
 
 ""44b' 
 426 
 601 
 808 
 602 
 808 
 
 "i,'bib 
 
 1,244 
 
 1,508 
 
 1,375 
 
 992 
 
 1,002 
 
 655 
 
 666 
 
 583 
 
 362 
 
 306 
 
 220 
 
 428 
 
 322 
 
 2,265 
 
 1874 
 
 2, ■I36 
 
 1875 
 
 1876 
 
 ]g77 
 
 2, 674 
 2,786 
 2. 624 
 
 1878 
 
 2, 989 
 
 : 879 
 
 3,121 
 
 1880 
 
 3,014 
 
 1881 
 
 2,999 
 
 188"' 
 
 3,114 
 
 ] 88:; n 
 
 466 
 
 1883 
 
 1884 
 
 1885 
 
 3,798 
 3 972 
 4, 1.52 
 
 188(5 . 
 
 3,604 
 
 ]887 
 
 3, 095 
 
 1888 
 
 2, 496 
 
 1889 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1,795 
 
 1890 
 
 1,633 
 
 189! 
 
 1, 436 
 
 1892 
 
 820 
 
 3 893 
 
 1 
 
 686 
 
 1894 
 
 598 
 
 18()5 
 
 2 
 
 887 
 
 1896 
 
 
 
 724 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a Purchased from North American Fur and Trading Company, 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 Table C. — Census statistics. 
 Census of natives on Unga Island dependent upon sea-otter hunting. 
 
 17 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 45 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 F. 
 
 25 
 
 M. 
 
 20 
 
 F. 
 
 13 
 
 M. 
 
 4 
 
 M. 
 
 60 
 
 F. 
 
 23 
 
 M. 
 
 50 
 
 M. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 5 
 
 F. 
 
 24 
 
 M. 
 
 19 
 
 F. 
 
 50 
 
 M. 
 
 40 
 
 F. 
 
 26 
 
 M. 
 
 25 
 
 F. 
 
 45 
 
 M. 
 
 16 
 
 M. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 25 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 6 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 51 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 F. 
 
 12 
 
 M. 
 
 10 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 40 
 
 F. 
 
 5 
 
 M. 
 
 1 
 
 M. 
 
 Where bom. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Zakarah Katschutin 
 
 Nadia Katschntin 
 
 William Soporiuski 
 
 Nellie Soporinski 
 
 William Soporinski 
 
 Nikolai Soporinski 
 
 IrenaLukanine 
 
 Thrapine Lukanine 
 
 Nikolai Olgen 
 
 Akulina oTgen 
 
 Lizzie Olgen 
 
 Peter Karakin. 
 
 Parashovia Karakin 
 
 Gevdokie Maisin 
 
 Annie Maisin 
 
 Naketa Paletof 
 
 Vera Paletof 
 
 Andronie Alexis 
 
 Ivan Palatof 
 
 Nasil Chubernoi 
 
 Katarina Chubernoi 
 
 Michael Chubernoi 
 
 Maxim Chubernoi 
 
 Asniti Shnposnekoff 
 
 Christina Shupoanekoff . 
 Constant ine Kreevdu . . . 
 
 Datina Kreevdu 
 
 Nicholas Kreevdu 
 
 Maggie Kreevdu 
 
 Niketa Kreevdu 
 
 Parascovia Supposnekof 
 Theophon Suppo.snekof . 
 Kobert Supposnekof 
 
 Unga 
 
 ....do 
 
 r....do 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Unga 
 
 ... <\o 
 
 Sitka 
 
 Atka 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unga 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Wosnessenaki . 
 
 Unga 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 do 
 
 Sinienofski 
 
 Unga 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 -...do 
 
 ....do 
 
 No children ; hunter. 
 2 children : hunter. 
 
 Irena's son. 
 
 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 No children; hunter. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Single; hunter. 
 
 Do. 
 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 No children ; hunter. 
 Chief; i children. 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 Males 20 
 
 Females 13 
 
 Total 33 
 
 Census of Wostiessenski Island. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 
 30 
 
 26 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 13 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 
 
 
 Fedosia Stiklaikof 
 
 Pirate Cove 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 do 
 
 Wife 
 
 Endovke Stiklaikof 
 
 
 Eloiseta Stiklaikof 
 
 
 Radion Stiklaikof 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Orphan. 
 
 
 Chernofski 
 
 
 50 
 18 
 19 
 12 
 
 5 
 23 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 (a) 
 
 38 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 24 
 
 
 
 Pirate Cove 
 
 
 Gabriel Gurdioif 
 
 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 Wife. 
 
 
 Wosnessenski .... 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 No family ; hunter. 
 
 
 
 a Eight months. 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 Males 
 
 Females 11 
 
 Total 20 
 
 7346 2 
 
18 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 Census of Belkofski. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Moizey Mozorof 
 
 Maklena Mozorof 
 
 Siiiieou Mozorof 
 
 Ignatin Kuzakin 
 
 Ostemia Kuzakin 
 
 Grejjory Kuzakiu 
 
 Rodion Kuzakin 
 
 Antone Ladegiu 
 
 Jennie Ladegin 
 
 JanieaLadegiu 
 
 Poligin Ladegin 
 
 Petwr Dushkin 
 
 AnnaDushkin 
 
 Tertiaua Johnson 
 
 Freddie Johnson 
 
 Moisey Claymof 
 
 Andrea ArkemandtoiT 
 
 Oleiana Arkemandtotf 
 
 Nikifa Arkemaudtotl' 
 
 Feckla Arkemandtotf 
 
 Nadia Arkemandtotf 
 
 Peter Arkemandtotf 
 
 Nikoli Arkemandtoti 
 
 Lllisha Arkemandtotf' 
 
 Katarina Lestikof 
 
 Lief Lestikof 
 
 Matrona Lestikof 
 
 Makile Lestikof 
 
 Anna Lestikof 
 
 Alekay Dushkin 
 
 Anna Dushkin 
 
 (Meana Dushkin 
 
 i^asile Kotchutin 
 
 Mary Kotchutin 
 
 Agraphey Kotchutin 
 
 Alixa Steklanikof 
 
 George Venskin , 
 
 Andronica Konklevisuekof 
 
 Mationa Vishikof 
 
 Simeon Dushkin 
 
 Stepanina Dushkin 
 
 Laurenti Dushkin 
 
 Politia Kotchutin 
 
 Dementiu Kenezarof 
 
 Anteuiua Kenezarof 
 
 Arsena Kenezarof 
 
 Alistarka Kenezarof 
 
 Marpha Kenezarof 
 
 Sophia Serebuekof 
 
 Simeon Venskin 
 
 Akenia Venskin , 
 
 Poligia Venskin 
 
 Anna Venskin 
 
 Katarina Venskin , 
 
 Alexandra Venskin , 
 
 Mino Vatanabl 
 
 Paraskovia Vatanabl 
 
 Mary Vatanabl 
 
 Nellie Vatanabl 
 
 Peter Vatanabl 
 
 Kurile Kuzakin , 
 
 Daria Kuzakin 
 
 Nikolai Kuzakin 
 
 Feodor Kuzakin , 
 
 Feckla Kuzakin 
 
 Neckander Yetsmasof , 
 
 Lizzie Yetsmasof 
 
 Katarina Yetsmaaof 
 
 Osip Glekof 
 
 Matfia Verkofskl , 
 
 Annie Verkofski 
 
 Agraphia Verkofski 
 
 Heleue Verkofski 
 
 Osip Vereskin 
 
 Agra])hina V'ereskin 
 
 Alexandria Vereskin 
 
 Maria Vereskin 
 
 Matpha Kotschutan , 
 
 Eloiseta Kotschutan 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 2 
 
 30 
 
 26 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 57 
 
 48 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 56 
 40 
 24 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 34 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 25 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 35 
 
 35 
 
 28 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 16 
 
 14 
 
 29 
 
 27 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 33 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 40 
 
 35 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 31 
 
 26 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 (a) 
 
 35 
 
 28 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 7 
 
 25 
 
 30 
 
 23 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 35 
 
 28 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 38 
 
 22 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 Atka 
 
 Nikolski 
 
 Wosnessenskl . 
 
 Nikolski 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Korovinskl 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Uu»a 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Uni^a 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 ... do 
 
 Unga 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 Belkofski . 
 
 do.... 
 
 Unga 
 
 Belkofski . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Japan 
 
 Belkofski.. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Belkofski . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Morzhovoi . 
 
 Belkofski . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 "Wife and 1 child ; hunter. 
 "Wife and 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 "Wife and 1 cliild. 
 
 "Wife and 5 children. 
 
 "Widow and 4 children. 
 
 "Wife; no children. 
 
 Sister's son. 
 
 Orphan. 
 
 Wife and child ; hnnter. 
 
 Orphan. 
 
 Wife and 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 Mother. 
 Widow. 
 Wife and 4 children; hunter. 
 
 Cook, Alaska Commercial Com- 
 pany ; wife and 3 children. 
 
 Wife and 3 children ; hunter. 
 
 Wife and child ; hunter. 
 
 Single; hunter. 
 
 Wile and 2 children; hunter. 
 
 Wife and 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 Wife; hunter. 
 
 a One month. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Belkofski — Continued. 
 
 19 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Kemarka. 
 
 
 20 
 60 
 13 
 15 
 33 
 30 
 15 
 55 
 32 
 
 8 
 
 27 
 55 
 46 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 35 
 30 
 10 
 
 4 
 40 
 30 
 
 4 
 45 
 48 
 26 
 
 5 
 14 
 27 
 17 
 (a) 
 50 
 40 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 50 
 18 
 
 8 
 38 
 11 
 
 5 
 29 
 25 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 55 
 29 
 27 
 
 2 
 50 
 60 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 19 
 39 
 12 
 25 
 30 
 20 
 17 
 60 
 30 
 15 
 14 
 35 
 50 
 36 
 36 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 35 
 35 
 
 7 
 50 
 36 
 13 
 
 6 
 55 
 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 ^• 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 al 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 Do 
 
 
 do 
 
 Makushin 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Wife and 1 child ; hunter. 
 
 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 Do 
 
 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 Single. 
 
 Wife and 2 children ; hunter. 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 Single. 
 
 Wife and 2 children; hunter. 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Feckla Wei genenof 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 Wife and 1 child ; hunter. 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Var vara Vereskin 
 
 do 
 
 
 E. P. Alexine 
 
 
 Russian priest, wife and child. 
 
 
 do 
 
 Olga Alexine 
 
 .... do 
 
 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 
 
 
 Alexandra Panlofl" 
 
 
 
 Coiistantiiie I'anloff 
 
 do 
 
 
 Laurent Ku/.akin 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Vauvara Kuzakin 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 ... do 
 
 
 PeilorePlatnekof 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 
 Tecla Venskin 
 
 
 Irena Venskin 
 
 do 
 
 
 Denietri Vlaskof 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Ivan Vlaskof 
 
 do 
 
 
 Aromaii Vlaskof 
 
 do . . . 
 
 
 Kui)k Kar.ikin 
 
 do 
 
 
 Einjelian Karakin 
 
 do 
 
 
 SopkiaKarakin 
 
 do 
 
 Wife of Rupk. 
 
 Lii^a Karakin 
 
 .. do 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Anna Kuzakin 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 
 Gregorv Kuzakin 
 
 
 Mucksina Kuzakin 
 
 do 
 
 
 Pet na Vereskin 
 
 do 
 
 Single. 
 
 Radion Duslikin 
 
 do 
 
 Aunie Duslikin 
 
 .. do 
 
 
 Mary Dushkin 
 
 do 
 
 Single. 
 
 Peter Uushkin 
 
 do 
 
 Fedosia Dushkin 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Ivan Dushkin 
 
 Single; hunter. 
 
 Matrona Dushkin 
 
 
 Mrs. Ainsworthy 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 
 Mary Ainsworthy 
 
 Ukatik 
 
 
 Olga Ainsworthy 
 
 
 
 "Wasila Galishof 
 
 
 
 Agnes Galishof 
 
 do 
 
 
 Arkup Masheenen 
 
 do 
 
 Wife, 3 children; hunter 
 
 
 Paulof Bay 
 
 
 
 
 Maria Masheenen 
 
 do 
 
 
 Marpha Masheenen 
 
 do 
 
 
 Eopsik Kusakin 
 
 do 
 
 Wife, 1 child • hunter. 
 
 
 Paulof Bay 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 
 Nikolai Kusakin 
 
 
 Ivan Vereskin 
 
 Paulof Bay 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Wife, 2 children : hunter. 
 
 Seneway Vereskin 
 
 Gavril Vere.skin 
 
 Wosnessenski 
 
 do 
 
 
 Annie Vereskin 
 
 
 Ermoli Kotschutin 
 
 Paulof Bay 
 
 wo montlia. 
 
 
 
 
20 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Belkofski — Continued. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. Sex 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 EplirPama Kotschutin 
 
 Masha Kotschutin 
 
 Polygeia Kotschutin . 
 Sam Dock 
 
 John E. Jack.son 
 
 Ed. Smith 
 
 P.J.Myers 
 
 50 I F. 
 
 49 F. 
 11 F. 
 
 50 i M. 
 
 Belkofski . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 China 
 
 Sweden 
 
 do 
 
 Nova Scotia , 
 
 "Widow. 
 
 Cook, Alaska Commercial Co. ; 
 
 single. 
 Single, hunter. 
 
 Do. 
 Storekeeper, Alaska Commercial 
 
 Co. 
 
 KECAPITULATION. 
 
 Males - --- 82 
 
 Females 83 
 
 Total 165 
 
 Whites 7 
 
 Japanese 1 
 
 Chinese •- 1 
 
 Natives 15fi 
 
 Total 1C5 
 
 Census of Sannak Island. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 
 50 
 39 
 50 
 37 
 
 9 
 30 
 30 
 30 
 
 2 
 20 
 20 
 40 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Atka 
 
 Widow ; 1 child. 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 .... do 
 
 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wife. 
 
 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 Brother; single; hunter. 
 Cousin; single; hunter. 
 
 
 do 
 
 
 Atka 
 
 
 
 
 
 F. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 RECAPIT tJL ATION. 
 
 Males 7 
 
 Females 7 
 
 Total U 
 
 Censtts of Morzhovoi viUa(je, July 8, 1S97. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Gregori Druskin 
 
 Mary Druskin 
 
 Trophin Druskin 
 
 Anisia Druskin 
 
 Gregori Druskin 
 
 Ivan Druskin 
 
 Const an tine Dmsktn 
 
 Phillip Druskin 
 
 Varvari Druskin 
 
 Daria Druskin 
 
 Kaprian Kuohitskin. 
 Ivan Mocliikotf I ... 
 Alexaiidin Mochikott' 
 Ivan Mochikott' JI... 
 Alexandra Mochikof! 
 Marie Mochikoflf 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sox. 
 
 47 
 
 M. 
 
 38 
 
 P. 
 
 13 
 
 M. 
 
 16 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 
 
 M. 
 
 2 
 
 M. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 23 
 
 F. 
 
 3 
 
 F. 
 
 63 
 
 M. 
 
 39 
 
 M. 
 
 37 
 
 F. 
 
 23 
 
 M. 
 
 27 
 
 F. 
 
 6 
 
 F. 
 
 "W here bom. 
 
 Old Morzhovoi Husband, 
 
 Uniniak 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Old Morzhovoi 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 lilorzhovoi 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Unimak 
 
 Old Morzhovoi 
 
 Unimak 
 
 Belkofski , 
 
 Morzhovoi , 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 ^Children. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Child. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Child. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Morzhovoi village, July 8, 1S07 — Continued. 
 
 21 
 
 Name. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 "Varsilie Mochikoff . . . 
 Stephanie Moehikoff- 
 
 Jacob Garasimotf 
 
 Natalie Garasiuioff . . 
 
 Xinia Garasimofl' 
 
 Cornel Garasimotf 
 
 Osteuia Garasimotf .. 
 
 Ivan Druskin 
 
 Sophie Driisk in 
 
 Zachar Drnskin 
 
 Hinia Brown 
 
 Mary Brown 
 
 Olga Brown 
 
 William Brown 
 
 Brown Benson 
 
 Acraphine Benson 
 
 Ivan Benson 
 
 Helene Benson 
 
 Anne Benson 
 
 Charles Peterson 
 
 Martha Peterson 
 
 Alexandra Peterson 
 
 Nellie Peterson 
 
 Hanne Peterson 
 
 Charles Kosenberg 
 
 DariaKosenber^ 
 
 Moses Lazaroti" 
 
 Mary Geary 
 
 Varselie Rosenberg 
 
 Catharin Rosenberg 
 
 Ivan Rosenberg 
 
 Charles Svenseu 
 
 Stepban Geriski 
 
 Tercnte Orrbardin 
 
 Hek'iie ( Ircliardin 
 
 Nastasia ( )rcliardin 
 
 Peter Zotborull' 
 
 Anna Zochorotf 
 
 Kyprian Zochorotf 
 
 Gregori Zochorotf 
 
 Islimail ( )rchardin 
 
 Eresvtt ( )icliardin 
 
 TatianaOrchardin 
 
 Meron Orchardin 
 
 Arshen Rokavitshnikoft'. 
 
 Kochmar Kuchitshin 
 
 Fecla Kuchitshin 
 
 Constantino Garasimotf. . 
 
 Maria Garasimotf 
 
 Ivan Garasimotf 
 
 Soia Garasimotf 
 
 Ivan Lazarotf 
 
 Luckaria Lazarotf 
 
 Akendin Lazarotf 
 
 Alexander Lazarotf 
 
 Constantin Veruskin 
 
 Varsili Veruskin 
 
 Karlam Veruskin 
 
 Sophie Veruskin 
 
 Demitn Lazarotf 
 
 Isaac Lazarotf 
 
 Arena Veruskin 
 
 4 
 39 
 29 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 39 
 
 23 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 39 
 
 30 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 29 
 
 49 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 10 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 2 
 
 (a) 
 
 36 
 
 40 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 38 
 
 24 
 
 2 
 
 (h) 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 (c) 
 
 39 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 50 
 48 
 17 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 P. 
 
 r. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M., 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 Attn Husband. 
 
 ....do Wife. 
 
 Atka Husband. 
 
 do Wife. 
 
 Morzhovoi I 
 
 do ^Children. 
 
 ....do J 
 
 do 
 
 do >0rphan8. 
 
 do J 
 
 TJniniak ; Widow. 
 
 Morzhovoi i At school, San Fran- 
 
 sisco. 
 
 do At school, Unalaska. 
 
 do 
 
 Sweden Husband. 
 
 Atka Wife. 
 
 Morzhovoi At school, Unalaska. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Denmark Husband. 
 
 Morzhovoi Wife. 
 
 do ■) 
 
 do >Children. 
 
 do 
 
 Germany 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Vasilisinski 
 
 Old Morzhovoi . 
 
 Unimak 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 Old Morzhovoi . 
 
 do 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 Old Morzhovoi . 
 
 Unga 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Old Morzhovoi . 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 Unimak 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 Belkofski 
 
 Morzhovoi 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 ^^'^ llBrothers, 
 
 do J 
 
 Belkofski i Orphan. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wile. 
 
 Child first husband. 
 
 Child second husband. 
 
 Child third husband. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Husband. 
 Wife. 
 
 Husband. 
 Wife. 
 
 Husband. 
 Wife. 
 
 Child first husband. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Husband. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Husl)and. 
 Wife. 
 
 Father. 
 
 OLD MORZHOVOI VILLAGE. 
 
 
 38 
 
 20 
 
 (d) 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 United States 
 
 Husband. 
 
 
 Wife. 
 
 
 Old Morzhovoi ... 
 
 
 
 
 oFour months, 
 
 b Six months. 
 
 c Three months. 
 
 d Four months. 
 
22 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 Total number families in Morzhovoi 22 
 
 Males 43 
 
 Femalea - 35 
 
 Total 78 
 
 All the men were hunters and fishermen. 
 
 Number families in Old Morzhovoi 1 
 
 Males 2 
 
 Females 1 
 
 Total 3 
 
 Grand total 81 
 
 Census of Akutan village, Alaska, July 2, 1897. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Eimelan Dolmatoff 
 
 Evdokie Dolmatoff 
 
 Katarina Dolmatoff 
 
 Aguphey Dolmatoff 
 
 Ivan Dolmatoff 
 
 Isaac Petokoff' 
 
 Julian Petokofif 
 
 Andrew Petokofif 
 
 Elina Petokoff 
 
 Varvara Petokoff 
 
 Agrophina Petokofif 
 
 John Rastogaif 
 
 Evodokie Rastogaif 
 
 Eremia Rastogaif 
 
 Marpha Rastogaif 
 
 Loka Petokoff 
 
 Mary Petokofif 
 
 Nekandra Petokoff 
 
 Marke Petokoff 
 
 Ographen Petokoff 
 
 Peter Petokoff 
 
 Patopea Petakoff 
 
 Alexandra Petakoff.... 
 Parashkeva Petakoff"... 
 
 Reshen PetakofiF 
 
 Len h Petakoff 
 
 Ivan Petakoff 
 
 Varvara Petakoff 
 
 Mathew Petakoff 
 
 Ivan Cherepanoff' 
 
 Mary Cherepanoff 
 
 Philip Cherepanoff 
 
 Mevra Cherepanoff 
 
 Epheme Cherepanoff — 
 
 Akuke Dolmatoff 
 
 Mary Dolmatoff 
 
 Speiidon Dolmatoff 
 
 Eimelan Dolraotott' 
 
 Lenod Dolmotofif 
 
 Merckrne Dolmotofl' 
 
 Akinia Dolmotoff 
 
 Ivan Dolmotoff 
 
 Pherkly Dolmotoff 
 
 Mathew Chereponotl' . . . 
 Peroshkeva Chereponott' 
 Narvara Chereponoff . . . 
 
 Moses Chereponoff 
 
 Elena Chereponoff 
 
 Kinake Lakarine 
 
 Ivan ^Menslieft' 
 
 Julian Maklashin 
 
 Phekla Maklashin 
 
 Julian Maklashin 
 
 Martha Maklashin 
 
 Vislea Maklashin 
 
 Mary ilaklashin 
 
 Nasiie Peterkoft' 
 
 Gregory Zaharoff 
 
 Martha Zaharoff 
 
 Age. 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 (fl) 
 
 42 
 
 41 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 32 
 
 21 
 
 2i) 
 
 51 
 
 51 
 
 40 
 
 20 
 
 7 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 
 30 
 
 28 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 60 
 
 60 
 
 12 
 
 37 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 
 20 
 
 63 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 29 
 
 27 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 25 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 50 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife and 3 children. 
 
 Wife and 4 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Unmarried. 
 
 Do. 
 Wife and 4 children. 
 
 Wife and 6 children. 
 
 Wife and 1 child. 
 
 Wife and 1 child. 
 
 Unmarried. 
 
 Do. 
 Wife and no children. 
 
 Wife and no children. 
 
 Wife and 3 children. 
 
 Unmarried. 
 
 Do. 
 Wife and 4 children. 
 
 Unmarried. 
 
 Wife and no children. 
 
 a One month. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 23 
 
 Adult males 12 
 
 Adult Hemales 14 
 
 Total ~^ 
 
 Males under age 20 
 
 Females under age 13 
 
 Total ~3 
 
 Grand total 59 
 
 Number of families 14 
 
 Note. — Those enumerated in the above were born on Akutan Island and all engaged 
 in fishing for a living except Julian Macklashin, who keeps the Alaska Commercial 
 Company store. 
 
 Census of Vnalaska Island, 
 
 RUSSIAN MISSION SCHOOL. 
 
 Xame. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 "Where born. 
 
 Kemarks. 
 
 Georgy Krasof 
 
 29 
 55 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 16 
 12 
 11 
 14 
 11 
 13 
 12 
 10 
 15 
 12 
 13 
 13 
 13 
 12 
 13 
 13 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 
 
 
 Alexandra Krasof 
 
 do 
 
 Teacher, Eussian 
 school. 
 
 "Vasily Andreanof 
 
 
 lof Koslof 
 
 
 
 Nikita Kudak 
 
 
 
 Arseni Sokolnikof 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Vasill' Zakarof 
 
 
 
 Michail Kukickof 
 
 
 
 Andrew Slofef 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Atka 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Att u 
 
 
 
 
 
 Grigory Dooshnin 
 
 MorzhoYoi 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 
 Ivan Fredes 
 
 
 Ivan Merkoref 
 
 do 
 
 
 Paul Kajefnikof 
 
 do 
 
 
 
 
 
 VILLAGE OF ILIULIUK (UNALASKA). 
 
 Simen Milovidof 
 
 Natali Milovidof 
 
 Maria Shaishnikof 
 
 Innokenty Shaishnikof 
 
 Vasily Shai.shnikof 
 
 Sovia Shaishnikof 
 
 Michal Shaishjiikof 
 
 Peter Shaishnikof 
 
 Anna Shaishnikof 
 
 Andrew Lodochnikof. . 
 Katalia Lodochnikof. . . 
 
 Anna Krukof 
 
 Elesaveta Siftsef 
 
 E vdokia Golovin 
 
 Andrian Golovin 
 
 Evan Olgin 
 
 Natalia Olgin 
 
 Peter Baturin 
 
 Evan Lodichnikof 
 
 Seratina Lodichnikof.. 
 
 Ilary Lodichnikof 
 
 Evan Lodichnikof 
 
 Ilarion Lodichnikof 
 
 Vasily Salamatof 
 
 Evdokia Salamatof 
 
 Eufus Boordokifsky 
 
 Oulita Boordokifsky 
 
 Nikifor Diakonof 
 
 Pelagia Diakonof 
 
 Augusta Diakonof 
 
 Muza Diakonof 
 
 Anna Diakonof 
 
 Vasily Diakonof 
 
 58 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 Sitka 
 
 
 48 
 
 do 
 
 
 fi4 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 
 '>4 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 do 
 
 Wife- 1 child. 
 
 23 
 1 
 
 Korovinski 
 
 Hunter; chief. 
 
 ?Q 
 
 do 
 
 
 24 
 63 
 
 Chernofski 
 
 Atka 
 
 
 T^ 
 
 
 
 65 
 
 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 13 
 43 
 
 Korovinski 
 
 Ne]ihew. 
 
 38 
 
 do 
 
 
 ?1 
 
 
 
 43 
 
 do 
 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 40 
 
 Atka 
 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 do 
 
 
 in 
 
 do 
 
 
 47 
 
 Atka 
 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 •>* 
 
 
 "Wife. 
 
 46 
 
 
 
 4? 
 
 
 Wife. 
 
 18 
 
 do 
 
 
 99 
 
 do 
 
 
 8 
 
 do 
 
 
 6 
 
 do 
 
 
24 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 Census of Unalaslca Island — Continued. 
 
 VILLAGE OF ILIULIUK (UNALASKA) —Continued. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Evan Diakonof 
 
 Anaatasia Diakonof. . . 
 Ekaterina Diakonof... 
 
 Peter Knikof 
 
 Anisia Krukof 
 
 Efrosina Krukof 
 
 Eftichey Krukof 
 
 Herman Krukof 
 
 Agripin Krukof 
 
 Elena Krukof 
 
 Roman Krukof 
 
 Georgy Hansen 
 
 Maria'Hanseu 
 
 Seratina Hansen 
 
 Stephan Krukof 
 
 Ekaterina Krukof 
 
 Kalistii Repina 
 
 Olga Repi na 
 
 Ksenia Repina 
 
 Login Repin 
 
 Fevdocia Repin 
 
 Evan Repin 
 
 Apolinaria Repin 
 
 Kiptian Repin 
 
 Steplian Repin 
 
 Boris Sorokin 
 
 Evdokia Sorokin 
 
 Maria Sorokin 
 
 Glafira Sorokin 
 
 Peter Sorokin 
 
 Tatiana Sorokin 
 
 Rafacil Sbabalin 
 
 Evdokia Shabalin 
 
 Neoflt Shabalin 
 
 Simeon Been 
 
 Sofia Been 
 
 ^laria Been 
 
 Peter Been 
 
 Gregory Galaktionof . 
 
 Evaii Galaktionof 
 
 Soila Galaktionof 
 
 Nikolye Kichkof 
 
 Olga Kicbkof 
 
 Irina Kicbkof 
 
 Evan Kichkof 
 
 Emelian ]5erekof 
 
 Natalia Berekof 
 
 Nicholye Artanionof . . 
 
 Maria Artanionof 
 
 Philip Tutakof 
 
 Martha Tutakof 
 
 Elena Tutakof 
 
 Michail Tutakof 
 
 Georgy Dorofeof 
 
 Pelagia Dorofeof 
 
 Elena Newman 
 
 Artemy Newman 
 
 Sarah Newman 
 
 Nadia Newman 
 
 Martha Sovorof 
 
 Luka Sovorof 
 
 Gabriel Sovorof 
 
 Matrona Anderson 
 
 Innokenty Anderson 
 
 Stephan Reesef 
 
 Julia Reesef 
 
 Andrew Swanson 
 
 Sopia Swanson 
 
 Fedora Clinker 
 
 Serapian Petelin 
 
 Julia Petelin , 
 
 Evan Petelin 
 
 Alexander Lee 
 
 Evan Lee 
 
 Alexander Nikiten — 
 
 Maria Wagner 
 
 Elena Wagner 
 
 38 
 16 
 
 9 
 29 
 27 
 
 7 
 
 <o) 
 
 38 
 
 24 
 
 n 
 
 34 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 (^>) 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 61 
 
 18 
 
 (0 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 55 
 
 43 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 29 
 
 18 
 
 60 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 26 
 
 33 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 14 
 
 36 
 
 28 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 40 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 23 
 47 
 11 
 21 
 12 
 44 
 12 
 5 
 6 
 
 36 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 (6) 
 
 (rf) 
 
 40 
 
 30 
 
 L2 
 
 5 
 
 L 
 
 13 
 
 19 
 
 13 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 "Where born. 
 
 Unimak .. 
 St. Paul... 
 Unalaska. 
 ....do .... 
 ....do.... 
 ....do .... 
 ....do .... 
 ....do .... 
 ....do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Biorka 
 
 do.... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Kadiak ... 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 Atka 
 
 Yukon 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 a Five months. 
 
 6 One month. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 c Seven months. 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 ...do 
 
 Attn 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kadiak 
 
 St. Paul.... 
 Unalaska.. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kadiak 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 do 
 
 Morzhovoi . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 do 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife: 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; 1 child. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Widow, 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 
 Widow; 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 d Four months. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 25 
 
 Census of Unalaska Island — Continued. 
 VILLAGE or iLiULiuK (UNALASKA) — Continued. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 9 
 
 r. 
 
 ]2 
 
 F. 
 
 14 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 F. 
 
 53 
 
 M. 
 
 36 
 
 F. 
 
 31 
 
 M. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 40 
 
 M. 
 
 33 
 
 F. 
 
 57 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 23 
 
 F. 
 
 3 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 21 
 
 F. 
 
 27 
 
 M. 
 
 21 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 F. 
 
 1 
 
 M. 
 
 85 
 
 M. 
 
 21 
 
 F. 
 
 49 
 
 F. 
 
 U 
 
 F. 
 
 43 
 
 M. 
 
 25 
 
 F. 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 7 
 
 M. 
 
 57 
 
 M. 
 
 24 
 
 M. 
 
 20 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 F. 
 
 37 
 
 M. 
 
 37 
 
 F. 
 
 13 
 
 M. 
 
 11 
 
 M. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 9 
 
 F. 
 
 43 
 
 M. 
 
 40 
 
 F. 
 
 20 
 
 M. 
 
 23 
 
 M. 
 
 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 60 
 
 31 
 
 M. 
 
 21 
 
 F. 
 
 44 
 
 F. 
 
 34 
 
 M. 
 
 17 
 
 F. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 M. 
 
 27 
 
 F. 
 
 6 
 
 M. 
 
 2* 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 M. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 36 
 
 M. 
 
 38 
 
 F. 
 
 38 
 
 F. 
 
 1 
 
 M. 
 
 33 
 
 M. 
 
 26 
 
 F. 
 
 9 
 
 F. 
 
 44 
 
 M. 
 
 31 
 
 F. 
 
 42 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 F. 
 
 8 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 M. 
 
 (a) 
 
 M. 
 
 (a) 
 
 F. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 35 
 
 F. 
 
 38 
 
 M. 
 
 42 
 
 F. 
 
 49 
 
 M. 
 
 42 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Eeniarks. 
 
 Vera Wagner 
 
 Anna Goosef 
 
 Matrona Balamutof 
 
 Katereiia Pawlof 
 
 Ellisha Kochutin 
 
 Chionoa Kochutin 
 
 Vasily Kochutin 
 
 Eprosinia Kochutin 
 
 Paul Dahnatof 
 
 Kalista Dalmatof 
 
 Prokopi Schogohjf 
 
 Spiredon Serbrinikof 
 
 Natalia Serbrinikof 
 
 Nektary Serbrinikof 
 
 lakof Serbrinikof 
 
 Paraskeva Serbrinikof — 
 
 Ralaiel Serbrinikof 
 
 Anna Serbrinikof 
 
 Elena Serbrinikof 
 
 Nicholye Serbrinikof 
 
 Konstantin Ignatef 
 
 Tatiana Ignatef 
 
 Maria Denisof 
 
 Marianina Denisof 
 
 Mark Schepetin 
 
 Elena Schepetin 
 
 Inokenty Schepetin 
 
 Michail Schepetin 
 
 Evan Schepetin 
 
 Anti]) Merspenin 
 
 Vasilisa Merapenin 
 
 Salanionia Meispenin 
 
 Ci.soy Pankof 
 
 Paraskeva Pankof 
 
 Nikifor Totakof 
 
 Alexander Totakof 
 
 Sevastian Totakof 
 
 Maria Totakof 
 
 Nicholye Kiulrin 
 
 Tekussa Kudrin 
 
 Evan Kudrin 
 
 Ilarion Nevzorof 
 
 Paraskeva Nevzorof 
 
 Nicholye Shapashiiikof. . 
 
 Pude Shapashnikof 
 
 Alexandra Shapashnikof. 
 
 Maria Hraniot 
 
 Klimeut Shapashnikof... 
 Sernfima Shapashnikof. .. 
 
 Machail Shapashnikof 
 
 Alexey Ichnienof 
 
 Agripina Ichmenof 
 
 Daniel Ichmenof 
 
 Peter Ichmenof 
 
 Zachar Shemakinsky 
 
 Preskila Shemakinsky. . . 
 
 Serapion Booreniu 
 
 Maria Boorenin 
 
 Akelina Boorenin 
 
 Michail Boorenin 
 
 Andronik Smerenikof 
 
 Mapid Smerenikof 
 
 Alexandra Smerenikof 
 
 Gt'oruv < Hloefsky 
 
 TatiaiiaOdoefsky 
 
 Vladeunr Odoefsky 
 
 Natalia Odoefsky.' 
 
 Martha Odoefsky 
 
 Maxim Odoefsky 
 
 Arsenia Odoefsky 
 
 Daria Odoefsky 
 
 Vsevolod Odoefsky 
 
 Martha Odoefsky 
 
 Gabriel Lazaref 
 
 Alexandra Lazaref 
 
 Isedor Solovef 
 
 Wassa Solovef 
 
 Kirik Solovef 
 
 Unalaska . . , 
 
 Unga 
 
 Korovinski , 
 Belkofski . . . 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unimak 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do :... 
 
 Unimak . . 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Attu 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unga 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 Makushin 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 Kashega . . 
 Unalaska. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Akutan — 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 Akutan 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Widow; 1 child. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 a Five months. 
 
26 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 CensMS of Unalaska Island — Continued. 
 
 vn,LAGE OF ILIULIUK (UNALASKA)— continued. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Rtifns Solovef 
 
 Evan Solovef 
 
 Joseph Solovef 
 
 Evdokia Solovef 
 
 Kirik Lukanin 
 
 Stiphanoila Lukanin... 
 
 Lavrenty Lukanin 
 
 Ifin Lukanin 
 
 Evan Serebrinikof. ... 
 Natalia Serebrinikof... 
 
 Mark Papof 
 
 Kliment Boorenin 
 
 Anna Boorenin 
 
 Dimitry Peshenkof 
 
 Maria Pe-nhenkof 
 
 Ilarion Menshof 
 
 IlaghGelef 
 
 rior Golodef 
 
 Maria Golodef 
 
 Ivan Golodef 
 
 Grigory Golodef 
 
 Evdokia Shelikof 
 
 Anfia Sliapashnikof 
 
 Luka Shapashnikof. ... 
 A nfisa Shapashnikof. . . 
 
 Wassa Pankof 
 
 EkaterinaBalakahin... 
 
 Paraskeva Gaikin 
 
 Marva Peshenkof 
 
 Grigory Peshenkof 
 
 Martha Peshenkof 
 
 Maria Kalistratof 
 
 Palaktia Petelin 
 
 Alexander Petelin 
 
 Martha Shablin 
 
 Nadia Zyekof 
 
 Fedore Zyekof 
 
 Peter Sakolnikof 
 
 Georgy Itohmenof 
 
 Eustiiiia Itchmenof 
 
 Feopan Dolmatof 
 
 Peter Gromof 
 
 Sosipatra Gromof 
 
 Pelagia Itchmenof 
 
 Georgy Itchmenof 
 
 Martha Golodof 
 
 Makrina Kozerof 
 
 Anfim Vlasof 
 
 Maria Vlasof 
 
 Varvara Ihapashnikof. 
 
 Vasily Peterson 
 
 Yolita Krukof 
 
 Natalia Rostorgnef 
 
 M ichay Kochutiu 
 
 Karp Belof 
 
 Elisaveta Belof 
 
 Ivan Renkin 
 
 Leventy Renkin , 
 
 Julita Renkin 
 
 Nicholy e Renkin , 
 
 Peter Renkin 
 
 Age. 
 
 7 
 34 
 38 
 22 
 28 
 29 
 
 2i 
 30 
 35 
 22 
 38 
 54 
 20 
 27 
 26 
 46 
 24 
 49 
 35 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 59 
 32 
 10 
 (a) 
 57 
 65 
 75 
 32 
 11 
 
 6 
 49 
 42 
 
 5 
 44 
 41 
 
 2i 
 20 
 42 
 42 
 18 
 26 
 22 
 58 
 35 
 43 
 66 
 22 
 26 
 15 
 14 
 12 
 13 
 
 9 
 30 
 24 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 (a) 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 Akutan 
 
 do 
 
 Makushin . 
 
 Akutan 
 
 ITranak 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Akutan 
 
 Unalaska.. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kashega.... 
 
 ...do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Attn 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Atka , 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Biorka , 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 do , 
 
 do , 
 
 do , 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do , 
 
 Atka 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 do 
 
 Attu 
 
 Kashega — 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Attu 
 
 Unala.ska . . 
 
 Umnak 
 
 Kashega 
 
 do , 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Attu 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 do 
 
 Chernofski , 
 
 Attu 
 
 Biorka 
 
 Belkofski... 
 Unalaska .. 
 
 do , 
 
 Sannak 
 
 Umnak 
 
 Biorka 
 
 Unalaska.. 
 Morzhovoi. 
 Belkofski . . 
 Chernofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Widow ; 2 children. 
 
 Widow. 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 
 a One month. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OP ALASKA. 
 Census of Biorka Island. 
 
 27 
 
 Name. 
 
 Terenty Makarin 
 
 Irina Makarin 
 
 Andrew Makarin 
 
 Ilagah Makarin 
 
 Paraskeva Makarin 
 
 Ilesay Baturof 
 
 Erimia Siftsof 
 
 Glikeria Siftsof 
 
 Fedora Siftsof 
 
 Gabriel Siftsof 
 
 Anisia Siftscf 
 
 Paraskeva Siftsof 
 
 Alexandra Siftsof 
 
 Glikeria Siftsof 
 
 Martha Siftsof 
 
 Ila8at3' Manshef 
 
 Akeliua Manshef 
 
 Iffnaty Manshef 
 
 Akelina Manshef 
 
 Anna Manshef 
 
 lakof Kozlof 
 
 Maria Kozlof 
 
 Fevronia Kitvin 
 
 Irina Kitvin 
 
 Nikifor Kozlof 
 
 Maria Kozlof 
 
 Kirik Papof ^ 
 
 Afonasia Papof 
 
 Ignaty Papof 
 
 Trifton Rastorgoef 
 
 Maria Rastorgoef 
 
 Daniel Kastorgoef 
 
 Katalia Rastorgoef 
 
 Miron Cherepanof 
 
 Christina Cherepanof... 
 Ekaterina Cherepanof . . 
 
 Peter Petrof 
 
 Anna Petrof 
 
 Peter Shemakensky 
 
 Cleopatra Shemakensky 
 
 Peter Shemakensky 
 
 Vasily Itchmenof 
 
 Martha Itchmenof 
 
 Rodion Itchmenof 
 
 Maria Itchmenof 
 
 Maria Itchmenof 
 
 Anna Lazaref 
 
 Matrone Kitvin 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Biorka... 
 Akutan.. 
 
 Biorka 
 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ...-do... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 Unalaska 
 Biorka... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 
 do ... 
 
 ...do .. 
 Akutan.. 
 Biorka... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 ....do ... 
 Unalaska 
 ....do ... 
 Bikora... 
 Akutan.. 
 Biorka... 
 ...do ... 
 ....do... 
 ....do... 
 
 do ... 
 
 do... 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 "Wife; 3 children. 
 
 Wife ; 5 children. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Wife ; 3 children. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Wife ; 1 child. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Wife ; 1 child. 
 
 Wife ; no child. 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
28 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 
 Census of Makiishin. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Andrew Lichanof 
 
 Evdok'ia Lichauof 
 
 Kadia Lichauof 
 
 Tasily Lichauof 
 
 Vasily Petukof 
 
 Elisavata Petukof 
 
 loaklm Petukof 
 
 Matfay Petukof 
 
 Aiiua Petukof 
 
 Ivan Krukof 
 
 Maria Krukof 
 
 Palikarp Krukof 
 
 Haritina Krukof 
 
 Kadia Krukof 
 
 Maria Krukof 
 
 iS'ioholye Krukof 
 
 Melania Krukof 
 
 Martha Krukof 
 
 Maria Krukof 
 
 GlobTalauof 
 
 Maria Talanof 
 
 Simeon Talauof 
 
 Evdokia Talanof 
 
 Kikita Talanof 
 
 Ekaterina Talanof 
 
 Nikon Talanof 
 
 Ijionty Talanof 
 
 Martha Talanof 
 
 Arseni Galaktionof 
 
 Lubove Galaktionof 
 
 Laventy Galaktionof 
 
 Ivan Galaktionof 
 
 Varvara (Jalaktionof 
 
 Varvara Telanof 
 
 Natalia Petelin 
 
 Nicholye Likanof 
 
 Maria Likanof 
 
 Simeon Likanof 
 
 Julita Likanof 
 
 Mavra Petookof 
 
 Peter Petookof 
 
 lakinof Petookof 
 
 Elena Petookof 
 
 Ivan Kastromitin 
 
 Mariana Kastromitin 
 
 Ivan Kastromitin, second. 
 
 Maria Kastromitin 
 
 Lnpp Kastromitin 
 
 Peter Kastromitin 
 
 Anna Kastromitin 
 
 Alexander Kastromitin — 
 
 Vonifaty Ancheof 
 
 Matrona Ancheof 
 
 Andrew Tarasof 
 
 Agripina Tarasof 
 
 Sustinia Tarasof 
 
 Ilajah Shaposhnikof 
 
 Subove Shaposhnikof 
 
 Daniel Shaposhnikof 
 
 Afonasia Shaposhnikof. . . 
 
 Matrona Shaposhnikof 
 
 Tikon Glaktionof 
 
 Martha Glaktionof 
 
 Evdokia Glaktionof 
 
 Gabriel Glaktionof 
 
 lakim Glaktionof 
 
 Tekusa Ignatef 
 
 lakim Ijznatef 
 
 Elena Ignatef 
 
 Maria Emliof 
 
 Alesy Emliof 
 
 Age. 
 
 38 
 25 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 31 
 28 
 28 
 
 6 
 10 
 50 
 34 
 17 
 11 
 11 
 
 5 
 23 
 25 
 (ai 
 
 19 
 18 
 35 
 30 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 41 
 30 
 12 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 68 
 48 
 26 
 36 
 24 
 25 
 61 
 14 
 21 
 23 
 40 
 22 
 31 
 28 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 3J 
 58 
 47 
 22 
 22 
 
 5 
 29 
 25 
 
 4 
 
 2i 
 (a) 
 34 
 28 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 44 
 10 
 12 
 39 
 
 7 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M, 
 F. 
 E. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 
 "Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 "Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Makushin ... 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 .. -do 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 do 
 
 Makushin ... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kaahega 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Makushin "Wife and son. 
 
 do 
 
 do : Wife. 
 
 do 
 
 do Wife; 3 children. 
 
 do 
 
 "Wife ; 3 children. 
 
 "Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Do. 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Morzhovoi., 
 Makushin .. 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 Unalaska . . 
 Chernofski 
 Unalaska . . 
 Makushin . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 to 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 Morzhovoi . . 
 Unal ska . .. 
 Makushin . . 
 Unalaska... 
 Makushin . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Makushin . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Do. 
 
 "Wife; no children. 
 Do. 
 
 "Widow; 1 son. 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Do. 
 "Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; no chihiren. 
 "Wife ; 1 child. 
 
 "Wife ; 3 chUdren. 
 
 Do, 
 
 Widow ; 2 children. 
 
 "Widow ; 1 son. 
 
 a Six montlis. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Eashega, 
 
 29 
 
 Xame. 
 
 Afonasy Denisof 
 
 Kalista Denisof 
 
 Varvara Denisof 
 
 Karisa Kudrin 
 
 Palagia Kndrin 
 
 lakof Kudrin 
 
 Alaxsey Kudrin 
 
 Kornely Kudrin 
 
 MoiscyBnorenin 
 
 Va.silisa lioorenin 
 
 Nikanor Boorenin 
 
 Elina Boorenin 
 
 Natflia Boorenin 
 
 Paraskwva Boorenin.. 
 
 Grigoev Boorenin 
 
 Alexy Denisof 
 
 Ivan Denisof 
 
 Konstantin Denisof 
 
 Alexandra Denisof 
 
 Nikifor Denisof 
 
 Maria Denisof 
 
 lakof Denisof 
 
 Evan Kudrin 
 
 Taisia Kudrin 
 
 Maria Kudrin 
 
 Anna Kudrin 
 
 Saloiiionia Itchmenof . . 
 
 Mefody Itclimenof 
 
 Ivan Itchmenof 
 
 Feodora Itchmenof 
 
 Ivan Itchmenof 
 
 Lorisa Itchmenof 
 
 Vasily Itchmenof 
 
 Maria Itchmenof 
 
 Natalia Itchmenof 
 
 Stephanida Itchmenof. 
 Artoman Itchmenof . . . 
 Hevrouia Itchmenof... 
 
 Ivan Boorenin, first 
 
 Matron a Boorenin 
 
 Stephan Boorenin 
 
 Ilajali Boorenin 
 
 Matfey Boorenin 
 
 Ekaterina Boorenin 
 
 Ivan Boorenin, second . 
 
 Pa via Boorenin 
 
 Alexsy Ermilof 
 
 Doropliey Itchmenot... 
 Fedosia I. Itchmenof .. 
 
 Julita Itchmenof 
 
 Grigory Itchmenof 
 
 Vassa Itchmenof 
 
 Age. 
 
 37 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 40 
 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 (a) 
 
 39 
 
 36 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 65 
 
 25 
 
 32 
 
 24 
 
 35 
 
 26 
 
 1 
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 46 
 
 19 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 17 
 
 26 
 
 25 
 
 n 
 
 (h) 
 40 
 35 
 50 
 50 
 
 ie) 
 
 Sex. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 "Where born. 
 
 do 
 
 TTualaska . . 
 Kashega... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Makushin , 
 Kashega... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 Kashega . . 
 Akutan . . . 
 Kashega . . 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 Kashega .. 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; 5 children. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Widow ; 3 children. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 a Six months. 
 
 b Four months. 
 
 Five months. 
 
30 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Chernofski. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 F. 
 
 8 
 
 M. 
 
 3 
 
 F. 
 
 (a) 
 
 F. 
 
 20 
 
 M. 
 
 60 
 
 M. 
 
 59 
 
 F. 
 
 35 
 
 F. 
 
 13 
 
 M. 
 
 8 
 
 M. 
 
 43 
 
 M. 
 
 26 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 M. 
 
 41 
 
 M. 
 
 34 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 M. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 (a) 
 
 M. 
 
 52 
 
 M. 
 
 43 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 36 
 
 M. 
 
 24 
 
 F. 
 
 4 
 
 F. 
 
 (a) 
 
 F. 
 
 31 
 
 M. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 5 
 
 M. 
 
 43 
 
 F. 
 
 20 
 
 M. 
 
 35 
 
 F. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 44 
 
 M. 
 
 38 
 
 F. 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 5 
 
 M. 
 
 42 
 
 F. 
 
 24 
 
 M. 
 
 21 
 
 M. 
 
 19 
 
 M. 
 
 12 
 
 M. 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 13 
 
 F. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 44 
 
 M. 
 
 41 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 13 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 F. 
 
 33 
 
 M. 
 
 34 
 
 F. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 47 
 
 M. 
 
 35 
 
 F. 
 
 35 
 
 M. 
 
 6 
 
 M. 
 
 12 
 
 F. 
 
 8 
 
 F. 
 
 3 
 
 F. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Ivau Gordiof 
 
 Paraskiva Gordiof 
 
 [van Gordiof 
 
 Maria Gordiof 
 
 Natalia Gordiof 
 
 laaak Gordiof 
 
 Mikey Gordiof 
 
 Matrona Gordiof 
 
 Vassa Gordiof 
 
 Alexey Gordeof 
 
 Georgy Gordeof 
 
 Daniel Gordeof 
 
 Nona Gordeof 
 
 Andrew Gordeof 
 
 Paul Booreuin 
 
 Olga Boorenin 
 
 Michail Boorenin 
 
 Justinia Boorenin 
 
 Nicboley Boorenin 
 
 Josif Kudrin 
 
 Pelagia Kudrin 
 
 Ivan Kudrin 
 
 Efeem Boorenin 
 
 Olga Boorenin 
 
 FeKla Boorenin 
 
 Akelina Boorenin 
 
 lunokenty Petukof 
 
 Justinia Petukof 
 
 Stephan Petukof 
 
 Sovia Pankof 
 
 Simeon Pankof 
 
 Evdokia Pankof 
 
 Evdokia Pankof, second . . 
 
 Grigory Boorenin 
 
 GliSeria Boorenin 
 
 Grigory Boorenin, tirst. . .. 
 Grigory Booreuin, second . 
 
 Geodosia Kalimof 
 
 Benidikt Kalimof 
 
 Nasily Kalimof 
 
 Philip Kalimof 
 
 Grigory Kalimof 
 
 Timothy Kalimof 
 
 Lukia Kalimof 
 
 ^laria Kalimof 
 
 Dionisv Kalimof 
 
 Maria ilalimof 
 
 Miki'v Kalimof 
 
 VasilLsa Kalimof 
 
 Paraskeva Kalimof 
 
 Afonasy Boorenin 
 
 Efrosenia Boorenin 
 
 Paraskeva Boorenin 
 
 Ignaty Golodof 
 
 Maria Golodof 
 
 Herman Golodof 
 
 Ivan Golodof 
 
 Lukia Golodof 
 
 Evdokia Golodof 
 
 Taliana Golodof 
 
 Chernofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 Chernofski. 
 
 Kashega 
 
 Chernofski . 
 Kashega . . . 
 
 do 
 
 Chernofski. 
 Unalaska .. 
 Chernofski. 
 Kashega . . . 
 Morzhovoi . 
 Chernofski. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kashega ... 
 Unalaska . . 
 Chernofski. 
 
 Kashega 
 
 Unalaska .. 
 Chernofski. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Kashega . . . 
 Chernofski. 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Umnak 
 
 do , 
 
 do 
 
 Attn 
 
 Chernofski 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 Wife; 4 children. 
 
 Wife ; 1 son. 
 Wife ; 2 sons. 
 
 Wife ; 1 child. 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 WiTe ; 5 children. 
 
 a Six months. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Umnak. 
 
 31 
 
 Name. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 tfikifor Krukof 
 
 Tekusa Krukof 
 
 Josif Krukof 
 
 Zakorey Krukof 
 
 Ivan Krukof 
 
 Georgy Krukof 
 
 Arseny Krukof 
 
 Eliimia Krukof 
 
 Evdokia Krukof 
 
 Ekaterina Krukof 
 
 Simeon Krukof 
 
 Seratina Krukof 
 
 Vasily Krukof 
 
 Andronik Krukof 
 
 Julita Krukof 
 
 Fenon Krukof 
 
 Saloniouia Krukof 
 
 Ivan Krukof 
 
 Boris Bpsizikof 
 
 Anisia Besizikof 
 
 Peter Besizikof 
 
 Kiril Besizikof 
 
 Ponty Besizikof 
 
 Xenia Besizikof 
 
 Julia Shaposnikof 
 
 Eleazar Besizikof 
 
 Xenia Besizikof 
 
 Ivan Mookaplef 
 
 Juliania Mookaplef- . . 
 Karlarapy Mookaplef. 
 
 Maria Mookaplef 
 
 Eugenia Mookaplef- - . 
 
 Elena Mookaplef 
 
 Ivan Sororof 
 
 Agi'ipina Sororof 
 
 Antip Sororof 
 
 Ignaty Sororof 
 
 Ivan Sororof 
 
 Alexander Xedoresof . 
 Pelagia Nedoresof . ... 
 
 Grigory Nedoresof 
 
 Evangia Nedoresof 
 
 Efl'eeniy Nedoresof . . . 
 
 Maria Nedoresof 
 
 Jystinia Nedoresof . . . 
 Avoakum Chirkasin- . 
 Ivnokinty Chirkasin . 
 
 Julia Chirkasin 
 
 Peter Chirkasin 
 
 Pelagia Cliirkasin 
 
 Julia Chirkasin 
 
 Barbara Chirkasin 
 
 Feodosia Chirkasin . . . 
 
 Arseny So voref 
 
 Ivan Sovoref 
 
 Peter Sovoref 
 
 Natalia Sovoref 
 
 Ivan Cherkasin..i 
 
 Vassa Cherkasin 
 
 Grigory Cherkasin 
 
 Konstantin Clierkasin 
 Alexandra Cherkasin - 
 
 Ivan Sokolnikof 
 
 Daniel Sokolnikof 
 
 Elena Sokolnikof 
 
 Niki for Larionof 
 
 Maria Larionof 
 
 Pavala Larionof 
 
 Timofey Dorofeof 
 
 MelaniaDorofeof 
 
 lUriou Dorofeof 
 
 Irina Dorofeof 
 
 EuginiaDorofeof 
 
 Kirill Ermilof 
 
 Anastasia Ermilof 
 
 Afonasy Ermilof 
 
 Peter Pletnikof 
 
 Kevronia Pletnikof 
 
 David Pletnikof 
 
 Antonia Pletnikof 
 
 Vasily Savoref 
 
 Maria Savoref 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 
 r. 
 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F, 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 M. 
 F. 
 
 Unala^ka- . 
 
 do 
 
 Umnak . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 TJnalaska- . 
 
 Umnak 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...-do 
 
 Chernofski 
 
 Umnak 
 
 ...-do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do , 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do , 
 
 ....do , 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...-do 
 
 ...-do 
 
 ...-do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...-do , 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 Wife; 8 children. 
 
 "Wife ; 6 children. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife; 5 children. 
 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 Wife ; 2 children. 
 
32 
 
 SEA -OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Vmnak — Contiuiied. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Kiril Savoref 
 
 Alexandra Savoref- . 
 
 Anna Savoref 
 
 A fonasy Glotof 
 
 EvrlokiaGlotof 
 
 Maria Glotof 
 
 Alexandra Chekaain 
 Faraskeva Sovarof . . 
 
 Maria Pletnikof 
 
 Anna Ermilof 
 
 Grigory Ermilof 
 
 Juliana P>milof 
 
 Pelegia Lookanin 
 
 E'eter Lookanin 
 
 Ksenia Sheniakin... 
 Justinia Shelikof 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 17 
 
 M. 
 
 10 
 
 r. 
 
 4 
 
 F. 
 
 28 
 
 M. 
 
 29 
 
 F. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 61 
 
 F. 
 
 58 
 
 F. 
 
 58 
 
 F. 
 
 48 
 
 F. 
 
 18 
 
 M. 
 
 20 
 
 F. 
 
 4:! 
 
 F. 
 
 19 
 
 M. 
 
 29 
 
 F. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 Where born. 
 
 Umnak ... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Akntan. .. 
 
 do .... 
 
 Unalaska . 
 Sannak ... 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 
 Census of Atka Island. 
 
 Alexander Shaishnikof 
 
 Maria Shaishnikof , 
 
 Maria Nefzorof 
 
 Elena Svinin 
 
 Anna Svining 
 
 Feodor Golay 
 
 Kassian Golay 
 
 Pelagia Golay 
 
 Appolon Golay 
 
 Ekaterina Golay 
 
 Malrona Golay 
 
 Stephan Golay 
 
 Kuf us Golay 
 
 Paraskeva Golay 
 
 Konstantin Golay , 
 
 Anna Golay 
 
 Sergy Golay 
 
 Dionisy Peshenkof 
 
 Grigory Peshenkof 
 
 Georgy Mershenin 
 
 Natalia Mershenin 
 
 Adrian Mershenin 
 
 Michail Mershenin 
 
 llarion Mershenin 
 
 Ivan Mershenin 
 
 Akilina Mershenin 
 
 Nicholay Nefzorof 
 
 Agaphia Nefzorof 
 
 Feodor Florushin 
 
 Meropia Florushin 
 
 Michael Floriishin 
 
 Natalia Florushin 
 
 Anisia Florushin 
 
 Anna Florushin 
 
 Wnkol Nefzorof 
 
 Afonasv Nefzorof , 
 
 Maria i^'efzorof 
 
 Eliiiia Nefzorof 
 
 Konstantin Nefzorof 
 
 Matrona Nefzorof 
 
 Avoakum Lazaref 
 
 Martha Lazaref 
 
 Adrian Lazaref 
 
 Ivan Lazaref 
 
 Michael Snigerof 
 
 Zinovia Snigerof , 
 
 Isedor Snigerof 
 
 Agappia Snigerof 
 
 Anna Snigerof 
 
 Evtike Snigerof 
 
 Andrew Snigerof 
 
 Evdokia Snigerof 
 
 Akilina Snigerof 
 
 Josef Snigerof , 
 
 38 
 
 M. 
 
 33 
 
 F. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 45 
 
 F. 
 
 45 
 
 F. 
 
 25 
 
 M. 
 
 01 
 
 M. 
 
 60 
 
 F. 
 
 21 
 
 M. 
 
 31 
 
 F. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 1 
 
 M. 
 
 36 
 
 M. 
 
 31 
 
 F. 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 24 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 M. 
 
 17 
 
 M. 
 
 15 
 
 M. 
 
 62 
 
 M. 
 
 51 
 
 F. 
 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 26 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 M. 
 
 12 
 
 M. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 32 
 
 M. 
 
 29 
 
 F. 
 
 31 
 
 M. 
 
 31 
 
 F. 
 
 7 
 
 M. 
 
 5 
 
 F. 
 
 1 
 
 F. 
 
 23 
 
 F. 
 
 41 
 
 M. 
 
 41 
 
 M. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 11 
 
 F. 
 
 6 
 
 M, 
 
 2 
 
 F. 
 
 47 
 
 M. 
 
 32 
 
 F. 
 
 14 
 
 M. 
 
 1 
 
 M. 
 
 33 
 
 M. 
 
 25 
 
 F. 
 
 40 
 
 M. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 14 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 7 
 
 M. 
 
 44 
 
 F. 
 
 17 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 Unalaska. 
 St. Paul... 
 
 Atka 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 ....do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 ....do .... 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 ilo 
 
 do 
 
 Attu.. 
 Atka . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Attu.. 
 Atka . 
 ... do 
 
 d") 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 .....do 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 Wife; 1 child. 
 
 Wife ; 5 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife; 2 children. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 Wife; 3 children. 
 
 Widow; 2 children. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Ce7i8U8 of Atka Island — Continued. 
 
 33 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Sex. 
 
 44 
 
 M. 
 
 40 
 
 F. 
 
 6 
 
 M. 
 
 4 
 
 M. 
 
 1 
 
 F. 
 
 53 
 
 M. 
 
 36 
 
 F. 
 
 18 
 
 M. 
 
 16 
 
 M. 
 
 12 
 
 M. 
 
 54 
 
 F. 
 
 25 
 
 F. 
 
 13 
 
 F. 
 
 33 
 
 M. 
 
 24 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 M. 
 
 59 
 
 M. 
 
 52 
 
 F. 
 
 22 
 
 F. 
 
 44 
 
 M. 
 
 44 
 
 F. 
 
 20 
 
 F. 
 
 15 
 
 M. 
 
 11 
 
 M. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 7 
 
 F. 
 
 34 
 
 M. 
 
 28 
 
 F. 
 
 35 
 
 F. 
 
 17 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 F. 
 
 46 
 
 M. 
 
 48 
 
 F. 
 
 15 
 
 M. 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 18 
 
 F. 
 
 39 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 F. 
 
 48 
 
 F. 
 
 30 
 
 F. 
 
 2 
 
 F. 
 
 30 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 F. 
 
 52 
 
 F. 
 
 37 
 
 M. 
 
 15 
 
 M. 
 
 27 
 
 F. 
 
 15 
 
 F. 
 
 30 
 
 F. 
 
 48 
 
 F. 
 
 21 
 
 M. 
 
 15 
 
 F. 
 
 34 
 
 F. 
 
 19 
 
 M. 
 
 42 
 
 F. 
 
 15 
 
 M. 
 
 10 
 
 F. 
 
 21 
 
 F. 
 
 51 
 
 F. 
 
 32 
 
 F. 
 
 14 
 
 M. 
 
 39 
 
 M. 
 
 36 
 
 F. 
 
 13 
 
 M. 
 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 69 
 
 F. 
 
 40 
 
 F. 
 
 38 
 
 F. 
 
 27 
 
 F. 
 
 38 
 
 F. 
 
 17 
 
 F. 
 
 10 
 
 M. 
 
 4 
 
 F. 
 
 "Where bom. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Leontv Snigorof 
 
 Vera Snifterof 
 
 laedor Snigerof 
 
 Sergy Snigerof 
 
 Anna Snigerof 
 
 Lef Lazaret' 
 
 Fedosia Lazarof 
 
 Georgy Lazaref 
 
 Vasily Lazaref 
 
 Pavel Lazaref 
 
 Fekla Golodof 
 
 Ekaterina Golodof , 
 
 Alexandra Golodof 
 
 Karl.anipv Golmluf 
 
 EkatiTina Golodof 
 
 Feotil Golodof 
 
 Ett'eeni Peshemkof 
 
 Matrona Pesliemkof 
 
 01imi)ada Peshemkof... 
 
 Pood Zochny 
 
 Alelina Zochny 
 
 Fedoaia Zochny 
 
 Makarey Zochny 
 
 Moisay Zochny 
 
 Agripina Zochny 
 
 Agnia Zochny 
 
 Efdokeem Zochny 
 
 Elena Zochny 
 
 Iriua Besnogof 
 
 Irina Besnogof 
 
 Feodore Besnogof 
 
 Peter Horoshef 
 
 Paraakeva Horoshef 
 
 Peter Horoshef 
 
 Ivan Horoshef 
 
 AleliTia Isiiiailof , 
 
 Vassa Ziiclniy , 
 
 Feodiisia Zdcliny 
 
 IseiiiM Zochny 
 
 Barbara (ielef 
 
 !Maria (lelel' 
 
 Pelatia ( ielef 
 
 Barbara Sa{)oshnikof 
 
 Alexandra Saposhnikof 
 
 Efdokia Nefzorof 
 
 Ivan Nefzorof 
 
 Eliazar Nefzorof 
 
 Martha Nefzorof 
 
 Maria Nefzorof , 
 
 Julia Nefzorof 
 
 TatianaC.anrof 
 
 Ivan Canrof 
 
 Hionia Canrof , 
 
 Christina Lazarof , 
 
 Stephan Mesnikof 
 
 Pelagia Nefzorof 
 
 Afonasy Nefzorof 
 
 M»trona Nefzorof 
 
 Mavra Kadin 
 
 Elina Sokolnikof 
 
 Pelagia Sokolnikof 
 
 Vasily Sokolnikof 
 
 Artemy Tarkanof 
 
 Elena 'larkanof 
 
 Afonasy Tarkanof 
 
 PakoniEransky 
 
 Tatiana Eransky 
 
 Elisaveta Ismailof 
 
 Evdokia Ismailof 
 
 Justinia Ismailof 
 
 Eflalia Sokolnikof 
 
 Agaphoa Sokolnikof 
 
 Stephan Sokolnikof 
 
 Anna Sokolnikof 
 
 Atka 
 
 Attn 
 
 Atka 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Attu 
 
 do .... 
 
 Atka 
 
 Unalaska . 
 
 do .... 
 
 Atka 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Atiu 
 
 Atka 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do ... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do.... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Umnak ... 
 do .... 
 
 rto 
 
 Atka . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Widow ; 3 children. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Widow ; 2 children. 
 Wife; IchUd. 
 Do. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Wife; 2 children 
 
 Widow; 2 children. 
 Widow; 1 daughter. 
 
 Widow; 2 children. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Wife ; no children. 
 
 Widow. 
 
 Widow ; 3 children. 
 
 7346- 
 
34 
 
 SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 
 Census of Attn Island. 
 
 Xaiue. 
 
 Alexander Prokopef .. 
 
 Maria Prokopef 
 
 Stepaii Hrokoi>t't' 
 
 Martha Piokoiiof 
 
 Maria Prokojiel' 
 
 Anna Prokopcl' 
 
 Nicliola.y Prokojief . . 
 Filaretli Pn.koiief — 
 
 Vassa Prokopfi' 
 
 Agafia Iroslief 
 
 Michail Iroshef 
 
 Lazar Iroshef 
 
 Maria Golodof 
 
 Anna Golodof 
 
 Efst afy Prokopef ... 
 
 Maria "Prokopef 
 
 Steplian Prokopef 
 
 Michael Artomanof . . 
 
 Ivan Artomanof 
 
 Deniitry Prokoi)of ... 
 Steplianide Prokopef 
 
 Elizar Prokopef 
 
 Ilia Prokopef 
 
 Efrosenia Prokopef.. 
 Ekaterina Prokopef. . 
 
 Marina Prokopef 
 
 Michail Prokopef 
 
 Michail Prokopef. . . . 
 
 Natalia Prokopef 
 
 Efgenia Prokopef 
 
 Peter Groiuof 
 
 Sosispatra Gromof. .. 
 
 Fekia Gromof 
 
 Ksena Gromof 
 
 Metrofan Golodof 
 
 Elena Golodof 
 
 Lazar Golodof 
 
 G«orgy (lolodof 
 
 Daniel Ko.sniin 
 
 Vera Kosmin 
 
 Epafrast Kosmin 
 
 Anaslasia Kosmin... 
 
 Evdokia Kosmin 
 
 Stephan (iolodof 
 
 Elisavita Golodof 
 
 Herman Golodof 
 
 Varara Zikof 
 
 Nataila Hudakof 
 
 Maria Alexiof 
 
 Evdokim Alexiof 
 
 "Vera Alexiof 
 
 Matrona ( Jolodof 
 
 Dioniay Hudakof 
 
 Pelagia Hudakof 
 
 Ivan Hudnkof 
 
 Ste})han Hudakof 
 
 Yasily Hudakof 
 
 Savvaty Hudakof 
 
 Makary G olodof 
 
 lakof Hudakof 
 
 Nlkifor Hudakof . . . 
 
 Maria Hudakof 
 
 Barbara Peshenkof . . 
 
 Elena Gromof 
 
 Samuel Caurof 
 
 Barbara Caurof 
 
 Georgy Caurof 
 
 Epifany Caurof 
 
 Paul Hudakof 
 
 Martha Hudakof.... 
 
 Kapitalina Gordeof . 
 
 AnnaGordeof 
 
 Marina ( lordeof 
 
 Michail (iordeof 
 
 Maria A rtomonof 
 
 Akelina Tutakof 
 
 Anisia Krukof 
 
 Martha Golodof 
 
 Sex. 
 
 "Where born. 
 
 45 
 46 
 15 
 24 
 21 
 11 
 18 
 25 
 23 
 35 
 15 
 4 
 
 26 
 26 
 45 
 31 I 
 2 
 29 
 25 i 
 46 I 
 41 
 12 
 54 
 50 
 19 
 15 
 4 
 25 
 30 
 6 
 25 
 19 
 18 
 21 
 33 
 24 
 5 
 2 
 53 
 42 
 5 
 13 
 10, 
 36 
 28 
 6 
 28 
 27 
 41 
 41 
 33 
 46 
 46 
 42 
 20 
 17 
 8 
 6 
 31 
 39 
 21 
 24 
 19 
 20 
 50 
 31 
 5 
 1 
 35 
 30 
 30 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 E. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 P. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 F. 
 
 Attu... 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 .ao 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 ....do 
 
 tjnalaska 
 
 Attu 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 Unalaska 
 
 Attu „ 
 
 ....do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Attu 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 ....do 
 
 ...do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Attu 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Atka 
 
 Attu 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do ' Wife; 2 children. 
 
 do 
 
 "Widow; 2 children. 
 
 "Widow; 1 child. 
 "Wife ; 1 child. 
 
 Do. 
 
 "Wife; 3 children. 
 
 "Wife; 1 child. 
 
 "Wife ; no children. 
 
 "Wife; 2 children. 
 
 "Wife ; 4 children. 
 
 "Wife, 1 child. 
 
 "Widow. 
 
 "Wife; no children. 
 
 "Widow. 
 
 Wife; 4 children. 
 
 .do . 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do . 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 .do 
 
 -do 
 
 Wife; no children. 
 
SEA-OTTER BANKS OF ALASKA. 35 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 "Native male inhabitants of the Aleutian Islands 589 
 
 Native female inhabitants of the Aleutian Islands 57(5 
 
 Total native inhabitants of the Aleutian Islands 1, 1B5 
 
 Clergy and iuniates of Jessie Lee Home, Unalaska, not enmiierated or included in 
 number of uatiye inhabitauts: 
 
 Clergy and families 14 
 
 Inmates of Jessie Lee Home 40 
 
 Total... 54 
 
 The settlement of Korovinski, on Korovin Island, contains about 30 inbabitants. 
 An accurate census was not obtained. 
 
 The native inhabitants of St. Paul, Kodiak, who are nearly all sea-otter hunters, 
 -are not included in the foregoing. 
 
 o 
 
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