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 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 City of Richmond 
 
 CITY HALL 
 
 Central Publishing Company, Inc., 
 
 1536-1540 East Broad Street, 
 
 Richmond, Va. 
 
 1914 
 
 Price 25c. 
 
«■ 
 
M \M>|; AINSLIE 
 
City Guide 
 
COPYRIGHTED, 1014. 
 
Guide Book 
 
 of the 
 
 City of Richmond 
 
 By 
 
 LOUISE ELDONREK 
 % 
 
 CENTRAL PUBLISHING CO., Inc. 
 
 1914 
 

 jforetoorb 
 
 ^^^HIS Guide Book of Richmond is published to meet 
 ^fjy a present demand. A larger and more complete 
 edition is contemplated. 
 
 In using this Guide, first turn to the Contents and get 
 your itinerary in mind. Decide what places you are going 
 to see, and under this contents you will find what cars to 
 take in order to save your time. 
 
 Note also that Main Street divides the city into North 
 and South, and that First Street divides it into East and 
 West. Named streets are west of First, and numbered 
 streets are east. 
 
 OCT 10 1914 
 
 S)CI.A379951 
 
Contents and Places of Interest. 
 
 Page 
 
 Associated Charities, 1402 E. Main Street — Reached by Main 
 
 Street Car. 
 Association for Preservation of Virginia Antiquities — Marshall 
 
 Street, corner of Ninth — Peached by all cars on Broad Street . 
 Armory, First Virginia Regiment — Corner Seventh and Marshall 
 
 Streets — Reached by Clay Street and Broad Street cars. 
 Armory, Howitzers, North Eighth Street — Reached by Clay 
 
 Street cars. 
 Armory, Richmond Blues, Corner Marshall and Sixth Streets — 
 
 Pieached by Clay Street and Broad Street cars. 
 
 Baptist Home for Aged Women — Corner Grove Avenue and Har- 
 vey Street — Reached by Main Street cars 
 
 Rattle Abbey, or Confederate Memorial Institute — on the Boule- 
 vard between Stuart and Kensington Avenues — Reached by 
 Main Street and Broad Street cars 
 
 Battle Fields. For Descriptions, see - 48 
 
 Bell Isle, South End of Fourth Street — Was famous as a Prison for 
 
 Federal Soldiers. — Tredegar Iron Works 51 
 
 Cemeteries 51 
 
 Hollywood, between ( Iherry and Spring Streets — Reached 
 by Laurel Street and Oakwood and Broad cars 51 
 
 Oakwood, North and Oakwood Avenues — Reached by Oak- 
 wood and Broad and Oakwood and Main Street cars "vi 
 
 Hebrew Cemetery, adjoins City Aims-House — Fifth and Hos- 
 pital Streets - 53 
 
 St. John's, Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth andBroad Streets 
 — Reached by Twenty-fifth and Broad, Broad and Main 
 Street cars 33 
 
10 (HIDE BOOK 
 
 Page 
 
 Mount Calvary, Catholic, Smith and Randolph Streets 53 
 
 Shockoe Hill, Hospital Street, between Second and Fourth 
 
 Reached by Lakeside and Northside ears 53 
 
 Nat ional. Williamsburg and ( rovernmenl Road 
 
 National, Seven Pines— Clay Street cars and transfer 53 
 
 ( iapitol 21 
 
 City Hall, Tenth and Broad Streets — Reached by Oakwood and 
 
 Broad and Twenty-fifth Street and Laura! Street cars 29 
 
 Confederate Soldiers' Home, Grove Avenue and Boulevard — 
 
 Reached by Main Street and Broad and Main cars 31 
 
 City Home and Hospital, Hospital Street, between Second and 
 
 Fourth Streets -Reached by Lakeside and Highland Park 
 
 cars 53 
 
 Children's Home Society. 2605 Eas1 Franklin Street — Peached by 
 
 Main Street cars 
 ( 'olonial Dames in the State of Virginia, 213 Past Franklin Street 
 
 — Reached by Main Street cars. 
 Confederate Memorial Literary Society. Confederate Museum, 
 
 Corner Twefth and Clay Streets Reached by Broad and 
 
 Twenty-fifth and ( lakwood and Broad cars 29 
 
 Commonwealth Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution. 
 Confederate Museum White House of the Confederacy — Con- 
 federate Literary Society— Reached by Broad and Twenty-fifth 
 
 and (lakwood and Broad cars '_".) 
 
 Confederate Memorial Institute — Battle Abbey -Reached by 
 
 Main Street and Broad and Twenty-fifth cars 31 
 
 Confederate Home for Women, 3 Past Grace Street Leached 
 
 by all cars on Broad Street 
 
 Colleges and Schools. 
 
 Medical ( lollege of Virginia, corner Marshall and ( lollege, and ( 'lay 
 
 and Twelfth Streets. 
 Richmond Academy, 1401 North Lombardy Street. 
 Richmond College, Westhampton. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 11 
 
 Page 
 Union Theological Seminary, Chamberlayne and Westwood 
 
 Avenues — Ginter Park . 
 Women's College, Tenth Street, corner Marshall. 
 There are 26 White Public and (haded Schools, and 14 Colored. 
 Clubs, Societies, Orders, Etc. 
 Albemarle Club, 811 E. Franklin Street 
 Art Club of Richmond, 52 W. Grace Street 
 Business Men's Club, American National Bank Building. 
 Commonwealth Club, 401 W. Franklin Street. 
 Country Club of Virginia, Westhampton. 
 Deep Run Hunting Club, Rio Vista. 
 Elks' Home, Eleventh Street, corner Marshall. 
 Henrico County Club, Thirty-fourth, near Oakwood Avenue. 
 Hermitage Golf Club, Broad Street between Allison and Addison. 
 Jefferson Club, 1801 West Grace Street. 
 Richmond Yacht Club, Mouth of Falling Creek. 
 Virginia Boat Club, House Mayo Island. 
 Westhampton County Club, Westhampton. 
 Westmoreland Club, 601 East Grace Street. 
 Woman's Club, 711 East Franklin Street. 
 
 Governor's Mansion — in the Capitol Square, East of the Capitol 
 
 Building 2S 
 
 George Wythe — Residence Site 41 
 
 Henrico County Court House, Twenty-second and Main Streets 
 
 — Reached by Main and Gary Street cars . 
 Huguenot Society of Richmond, 811 East Grace Street — Reached 
 
 by Broad and Main Street, and Laurel Street cars. 
 
 Historic Homes and Buildings and Sites of Old Homes 39 
 
 Davis, Jefferson — Confederate Museum 29 
 
 Ege, Jacob — Washington's Headquarters 43 
 
 Lee, Robert E. — Virginia Historical Society 41 
 
 Libby Prison 44, 53 
 
12 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Page 
 .Marshall. John — Society for the Preservation of Virginia 
 
 Antiquities 42 
 
 Maury, M. P., Commodore 39 
 
 Masonic Temple, < >Ul 44 
 
 Van Lew Eatste 43 
 
 Hospitals, Asylums and Charitable Organizations. 
 
 City Hospital, corner Eleventh and Clay Streets. 
 Hygeia Hospital, 10] Wes1 Grace Street. 
 Johnston-Willis Sanitorium, Sixth Street, corner Franklin. 
 McGuire's Private Sanitarium, 100D West Grace Street. 
 Memorial Hospital, corner Broad and Twelfth Streets. 
 
 Retreat for the Sick, Twelfth Street, between Broad and Mar- 
 shall Streets. 
 
 Richmond Eye, Mar, Nose and Throat Infirmary, 217 Gov- 
 enor Street. 
 
 Richmond Tuberculosis Institute, 210 North Twenty-third St. 
 
 St. Joseph's Academy and Orphan Asylum, 312 \. Fourth St, 
 
 St, Luke's Hospital, LO00 West Grace Street. 
 
 St. Paul's Church Home for Girls, 506 E. Leigh Street. 
 
 Sheltering Arms Free Hospital -1008 East Clay Street 
 
 Virginia Conference Orphanage— M. E. Church — Broad Street, 
 near Belt Line Railway. 
 
 Home for Incurables, Broad Street, corner Robinson. 
 
 Virginia Home and Industrial School for Girls, 1 loo Past Frank- 
 lin Street. 
 
 Virginia Home for Infants, Kit) West Clay Street 
 
 Richmond Male Orphan Asylum Amelia, between Allen and 
 Meadow Streets. 
 
 Richmond Home for Ladies Presbyterian and Methodist — 515 
 North Seventh Streel 
 
 Maternity Hospital, 416 Past Leigh Street 
 
 Ladies' Hebrew Benevolenl Association, lo East Grace Street. 
 Little Sisters of the Poor, 14 North llarvie Street. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 13 
 
 Page 
 Lee Camp Hall, Fifth and Broad Streets — Reached by all cars 
 
 on Broad .Street. 
 
 Manchester 51 
 
 Marshall. John, First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
 
 United States 42 
 
 Masonic Home of Virginia — on Nine Mile Road, 2 miles from City. 
 Marshall High School, Marshall Street, between Eighth and Ninth 
 
 Streets — Reached by all cars on Broad Street. 
 Monumental Church, Twelfth and Broad Streets — Reached by 
 
 Oakwood and Broad, and Broad and 25th Street cars 35 
 
 Marshal] Street Viaduct Beginning at Fourteenth Street going 
 
 East 51 
 
 Museum, ( lonfederate 30 
 
 Museum. State Library 29 
 
 Museum, Valentine 25 
 
 Monuments. 
 
 Lee, Stuart, and Davis, Monument Avenue — Reached by 
 Main Street cars. 
 
 Jefferson, Thomas, in Jefferson Hotel, block between Main and 
 Fankhn, and Jefferson and First Streets. 
 
 Hunter McGuire, Gov. Wm. Smith, Gen. T. J. (Stonewall) Jack- 
 son, Henry Clay, Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, and The "Washington 
 Monument are in the Capitol Square 21 
 
 A. P. Hill, Hermitage Road — Reached by Lakeside cars. 
 
 Gen. Wickham and Joseph Bryan, near Franklin Street En- 
 trance of Monroe Park. 
 
 Richmond Howitzers, Harrison Street and Park Avenue — 
 Reached by Clay Street cars. 
 
 Soldiers and Sailors' Monument, on Libby Hill Park 46 
 
 State Library, East End Capitol Grounds, South of Governor's 
 Mansion 25 
 
 St. Paul's Church, Ninth and Grace Streets — Reached by Laurel 
 Street, Clay Street and all Broad Street cars 38 
 
14 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 ; ( 
 
 St. John's Church, Broad and Twenty-fourth Streets Reached 
 
 by Broad and Twenty-fifth . and Broad and Main Street cars. 33 
 Sacred Heart Cathedral) Laurel Street and Park Avenue — Reached 
 
 by Main Street and Laurel Street cars 38 
 
 Sons of American Revolution, 707 East Franklin Street— Reached 
 by Clay j Main, and Broad and Main Street cars. 
 
 Valentine Museum, corner Eleventh and Clay Streets 30 
 
 Valentine Studio, 807 East Leigh Street 30 
 
 Washington Monument, Capitol Square 17 
 
 Wythe, < reorge, 41 
 
City of Richmond 
 
 ICHMOND is the Capital and chief city 
 of Virginia in size and importance. Pop- 
 ulation in 1914, 188,000, of which 105,000 
 are white. Built on seven hills by the 
 side of the James River, in Henrico 
 County, 90 miles from the sea. Site was 
 discovered in 1607 by Captain Newport 
 and Captain John Smith, when visiting Chief Powhatan and 
 his daughter Pocahontas. Founded in 1737 by Colonel 
 William Byrd. Incorporated as a town in 1742 and as a 
 city in 1782. Became the capital of Virginia in 1779, the 
 seat of government being transferred from Williamsburg, 
 owing to the presence of British troops in that vicinity. 
 Famous as the chief city 
 of the South in the rebel- 
 lion against King George 
 and as the capital of 
 the Confederacy in the 
 war of the States, 1861- 
 1865. It was almost 
 entirely destroyed 1 >y 
 fire, when it was evacu- 
 ated by the Confederate 
 forces on April 3, 1865. 
 Richmond has 49 
 schools and colleges, of 
 which 33 are for whites; 
 170 churches, of which 
 113 are for whites; 14 
 hospitals, 17 hotels, 17 captain john smii 
 
10 
 
 ClIDi: lionK 
 
 parks and 4 daily newspapers, 28 clubs and a Chamber of 
 ( Jommerce. 
 
 The principal business is tobacco, although flour and 
 iron industries arc quite esxtensive. It makes more blot- 
 ting paper than any other city in the world. 
 
 Resides the capitol, designed by Thomas Jefferson and 
 an imposing City Hall, the chief buildings that are of interest 
 in the city are St. John's church where Patrick Henry de- 
 livered his famous oration 
 ending with the words: 
 "give me liberty or give 
 me death", the Confede- 
 rate Museum, formerly the 
 White House of the ( 'oll- 
 
 federacy : S1 . Paul's church, 
 
 which Lee and Jefferson 
 Davis attended; the house 
 
 occupied by General Lee 
 
 during the war; the home 
 of ( nief Justice John Mar- 
 shall; the home of Edgar 
 Allan Poe; the Jacob Ege 
 home, \\ here Lafayette was 
 a guest during his visit to 
 the United States; the old- 
 est Masonic temple in the country. Monumental church, 
 built on the site of the famous theatre fire of 1S11 when 
 Governor Smith of Virginia lost his life and 72 people were 
 burned. 
 
 In Hollywood cemetery are buried James Monroe and 
 John Tyler, Presidents of thelnited States; John Randolph, 
 Jefferson Davis, Winnie Davis, "the Daughter of the Con- 
 federacy": Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, Gen. Pickett, (Jen. Peg-ram 
 
 WILLIAM HVRD 
 
ere Lyctb the Body of ROBT. ROSE, 
 
 I RECTOR or AHEMABLI PARIBH. 
 
 His extraordinary Genius & Capacity, in all 
 Le polite and useful Arts of Life, tho' equaled 
 ! a, were yet exceeded by the great goodnew 
 is Heart. Humanity, Benevolence and 
 ity ran through the whole course of hi* 
 [Life, And was exeited with uncommon pene- 
 I '.ration and judgment upon their proper object, 
 'without Noise or Ostentation. In his Friend- 
 ship he was warm & steady ; in his Manners 
 , gentle & easy ; in his conversation entertain- 
 ' ing & instructive. With the most tender piety he 
 discharged all tbedomestik Duties of Husband, 
 Father, Son & Brother. Jn short, hewas a friend 
 to the whole human Race, and upon that princi- 
 ple a strenuous Assertor and Defender of Liberty. 
 He died the 30th day of June, 1751, in the 
 47th year of hiB age. 
 
 > Wrom St. John's Cenattery. Richmond, Va. 
 
 Vlt-PMIIO 'ImiFVieNIA. ****** 
 
16 CI'IDE BOOK 
 
 parks and 4 daily newspapers, 28 clubs and a Chamber of 
 ( lommerce. 
 
 The principal business is tobacco, although flour and 
 iron industries are quite esxtensive. It makes more blot- 
 ting paper than any other city in the world. 
 
 Besides the capitol, designed by Thomas Jefferson and 
 an imposing City Hall, the chief buildings that are of interest 
 in the city are St. John's church where Patrick Henry de- 
 livered his famous oration 
 
 
 
 
 ^ '~m 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 HI 
 
 
 WILLIAM I'.YKI 
 
 est Masonic temple ii 
 built on the site of 
 Governor Smith of V 
 
 burned. 
 
 In Hollywood ci 
 John Tyler, President: 
 Jefferson Davis, Win] 
 federacy"; Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, Gen. Pickett, Gen. fegram 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 17 
 
 Fitzhugh Lee, Commodore Maury, and other men and wo- 
 men scarcely less renowned in the history of Virginia. 
 
 In Shockoe cemetery is buried John Marshall, the first 
 chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 
 
 In Oakwood cemetery lie 16,000 Confederate soldiers. 
 
 For National and other cemeteries, see special para- 
 graphs. 
 
 Richmond is a city of monuments and statues. 
 
 Monuments in Richmond include a lofty shaft and figure 
 in memory of the soldiers who fell in the war of the States; 
 a magnificent monument to Jefferson Davis; a Washington 
 monument; a monument to the Confederate dead in Holly- 
 wood cemetery; equestrian statues of Gen. Robert E. Lee 
 and Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, and statues to Gen. A. P. Hill, 
 Gen. T. J. (Stonewall) Jackson, former Governor Smith, 
 Henry Clay, Dr. Hunter McGuire, Gen. Wickham, the 
 Richmond Howitzers and other famous men. 
 
 The Washington monument, in the capital grounds, is 
 surrounded by six bronze statues, namely: one each of 
 Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, John Marshall, George 
 Mason, Gen. Andrew Lewis, and Thomas Nelson. 
 
 An old Richmond landmark, the famous Libby prison, 
 is now only a memory. An ice plant stands on the site. The 
 old building, a tobacco warehouse, was removed to Chicago 
 for exhibition at the World's Fair of 1892. Likewise, the 
 Van Lew home, famous in the secret Federal service is sup- 
 planted by a modern school building. 
 
 Bell Isle in the James River is also famous as a prison 
 for Federal soldiers. A large iron plant occupies the greater 
 portion of the island. 
 
 The battlefield of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks is just be- 
 yond the city limits on the Williamsburg road. A national 
 burying ground is on the battlefield. 
 
18 GUIDK BOOK 
 
 Seeing Richmond 
 
 SO SEE Richmond you first go to the capitol, which 
 is in the heart of the city, bounded by Ninth, Capitol, 
 Governor and Bank streets, between Broad and 
 Main streets. The original building was designed 
 by Thomas Jefferson. He was minister to France at the 
 time and became much impressed with the simplicity of 
 the Greek style of architecture. It appealed to his Dem- 
 ocratic simplicity. He draughted a plain Grecian structure 
 the foundation for which was laid in 1785 and which was 
 completed in 1792. Later on, more room being needed, 
 a pair of wings were clapped on to it. r l 'his was in 1902. 
 
 The Virginia Legislature or General Assembly meets 
 every two years. The Senate sits in the West wing of the 
 capitol, the lower house of Delegates in the East wing. In 
 the rotunda is the famous Houdon statue of Washington, 
 which Washington saw and approved eight years before 
 his death. Near by is a bust of LaFayctte and bronze 
 medallion of Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, Captain John Smith, 
 John Marshall, and Fitzhugh Lee. An old stove, three 
 stories high, built in 1770 may be seen here. 
 
 In the Governor's apartments is a large oil painting of 
 the first battle between ironclads, the Monitor and the 
 Merrimac or Virginia, in Hampton Roads, March 9, 1862. 
 
 During the war between the states, the Confederate 
 Congress by courtesy of the State authorities held its ses- 
 sions in the building. In the basement floor is the State 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 19 
 
 Land offices, containing records of grants and patents 
 dating back to 1620. 
 
 Passing through the halls of the first floor, beginning at 
 East end, may be seen a portrait of Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, 
 M. P., and in one frame the old church at Smithfield, Va., 
 a silhouette of Bishop Richard Channing Moore, picture of 
 Joseph Cabbell associated with Jefferson in founding the 
 University and Conway Robinson, jurist and author. 
 Also a picture of Lord Bouttetout, governor of Virginia from 
 1770-73; Queen Elizabeth from an old print, 1626. A pict- 
 ure of Richard Henry Lee, signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence. Lord Howard (Baron Effingham) governor of 
 Virginia, 1686-'88. Silhouette of Chief Justice Marshall; 
 James Johnson, governor of Virginia, 1851-'56; William 
 Smith, governor of Virginia, 1846-'49, 1864-'65; William 
 Giles, governor of Virginia, 1827-'30; John McDowell, gov- 
 ernor of Virginia, 1843-'46; David Cambell, governor of 
 Virginia, 1837-'40. Patrick Henry, Thomas Nelson, Jr., 
 governor of Virginia 1781, signer of Declaration of Independ- 
 ence and general in the Revolution. Thomas W. Gilmer, 
 governor of Virginia, 1840-'41; John Tyler, governor of Vir- 
 ginia. John R. Thompson, poet and author. George Perry, 
 treasurer and acting governor, 16O9-'10; James Monroe, 
 governor, 1811, and President of the United States. Lord 
 Dunmore, the last royal governor of Virginia. John Letcher, 
 governor, 1860-'64. Littleton Tazwell, governor, 1834-'36. 
 John P. Preston, governor, 1816-'19. James Barbour, 
 governor, 1812-'14; Thomas West (Lord De LaWarr), gov- 
 ernor, 1810-'ll. John Smith "Father of Virginia," acting 
 governor of Colony 1608-'09. The Indian Princess Poca- 
 hontas. Edmund Pendleton, jurist and patriot. 
 
 Sixty-five persons were killed in the Capitol April 27, 
 1870, by the floor over the House of Delegates giving way. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 21 
 
 It was during a discussion of carpet bag methods and a great 
 crowd had assembled, rilling the galleries. Under the unus- 
 ual weight the floor gave way, falling into the hall below 
 and burying scores under the timbers. Besides those killed 
 many were severely wounded. 
 
 CAPITOL SQUARE. 
 
 Occupying twelve acres in the center of the City is the 
 Capitol Square, where under Lee and Jackson many of the 
 Confederate soldiers were mustered into service during the 
 the Civil War. The Capitol grounds are adorned by Craw- 
 ford's equestrian statue of George Washington; the corner 
 stone of the monument was laid in February, 1850, and it 
 was dedicated in 1858. It is 60 feet in height, and cost 
 $260,000. 
 
 To the East of the Capitol is the State Library build- 
 ing, and close by, the Governor's Mansion. Near at hand 
 is the City Hall, modern, imposing, yet not above displaying 
 a town clock in its tower. 
 
 In the Capitol grounds are a monument, two statues, a 
 weather bureau kiosk and an old bell house. The monu- 
 ment is the one already mentioned in honor of Washington, 
 surrounded by six bronze statues, namely: one each of 
 Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, John Marshall, George 
 Mason, Gen. Andrew Lewis and Thomas Nelson. 
 
 The equestrian statue that surmounts the base and towers 
 above the six bronze figures that surround it, is effective 
 if not regarded too critically. Critics have pointed to the 
 rocking-horse attitude of the steed and the blithesome wave 
 of the rider's arm, but the general public find the monument 
 imposing. The figures around the base are heroes, every- 
 
22 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 one, as their attitudes imply. One is of ( ten. Andrew Lewis, 
 a tough old soldier of Revolutionary days, who fought in- 
 dians, British and Congressional cabals with equal courage. 
 
 Washington was his friend, but Congress did not always 
 advance the freinds of the general-in-chief. Being recom- 
 mended for major-generalship the best Lewis received was 
 a brigadier. He died while chasing the royal governor, 
 Lord Dunmore, out of Virginia, in 1777, his death oc- 
 curring near Roanoke. 
 
 Two others, representing George Mason and Thomas 
 Nelson, are as little known to the general public as Gen. 
 Andrew Lewis. George Mason was a real, an ideal Demo- 
 crat. He wrote a bill of rights for Virginia which set aside 
 the authority of the established church. He helped frame 
 the constitution, but wanted only one term of seven years 
 for the president. He was a champion of the people, though 
 by heredity a supporter of royalty, for his grandsire fought 
 for King Charles against the Commons and fled Worcester 
 field to America. A great, burly man was George Mason, 
 swart yet ruddy of face; an old-fashioned country squire in 
 appearance, but a statesman far ahead of his time, which was 
 in the days that Thomas Paine declared tried men's souls. 
 
 Thomas Nelson was another of the neglected heroes. 
 He impoverished a great estate and borrowed on his own 
 credit, when that of the Continental Congress was worthless, 
 enough money to raise $2,000,000 for his country. He was 
 never repaid. Continental Governor of Virginia and a sol- 
 dier besides, he directed the lire of his cannon at the seige of 
 Yorktown against his own home, supposed to be the head- 
 quarters of Cornwallis. It was battered down. U'ashing- 
 ton in general orders praised his zeal, but the government 
 forgot this patriot. 
 
 Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and John Marshall 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 23 
 
 complete this group that surround the statue of Washing- 
 ton. The figures, according to the designer, are allegorical. 
 
 Randolph Rogers describes the figures and what they 
 represent in these words: 
 
 First, Revolution, Patrick Henry: Represented with a 
 sword in her right hand pointing with her left to crown 
 which is crushed under her foot. 
 
 Second, Independence, Jefferson: Her eyes arc turned 
 toward heaven. In her right hand she grasps a portion of 
 the chain which she has burst asunder and with her left foot 
 she casts a portion of it at her feet. 
 
 Third, Justice, Marshall : In her left hand she holds the 
 bar of the scales which are resting on her lap and in her right 
 hand a sword. 
 
 Fourth, Finance, Nelson: Her left hand is resting on a 
 book and with her right hand she holds a cornucopia from 
 which corn is flowing. 
 
 Fifth, Bill of Rights, Mason: Her left hand is resting 
 on a scroll supposed to be the bill of rights. She leans for- 
 ward with a drawn sword, resting on that document as if 
 to defend it. 
 
 Sixth, Colonial Campaigns, Lewis: In one hand she holds 
 the palm of victory. Under her feet are Indian aims — 
 arrows, bows, &c. In her right hand she holds the axe and 
 her head is decked with sheaves of wheat, symbolic of the 
 peaceful settlement of the country and its agriculture. 
 
 A narrow spiral stairway ascends within the statue 
 opening directly beneath the horse on which Washington 
 is seated. A person may stand upright beneath the horse. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 25 
 
 STATE LIBRARY. 
 
 The State Library contains about 80,000 volumes. 
 Many of the books are of great value, not to be found in 
 any other collection. At the entrance of the building is 
 a painting of the bombardment of Fort Sumter, and a pict- 
 ure of Edmund Ruffin, who fired the first gun. Old charts 
 and maps of every description and old newspapers are to be 
 found here. One bearing the date July 26, 1776, contains 
 the complete Declaration of Independence. 
 
 One of the interesting dockets in the library is Nathaniel 
 Bacon's signature to a note of 500 pounds, dated October 27, 
 1672. It is said to be the only signature of the "First 
 Virginia Rebel" known in existence. 
 
 Exhibited on the Library walls are proclamations signed 
 by King James I. forbidding anyone, under the penalty of 
 the law, to raise, keep, sell, or in any way have anything to 
 do with tobacco. 
 
 An address of the Burgesses to Gov. Spottswood signed 
 by the speaker, Peter Randolph, dated November 9, 1710. 
 
 There is also the marriage contract between Jefferson and 
 Martha Shelton, signed by T. Jefferson and Frances Epps. 
 There are many other documents and letters of value and 
 interest. 
 
 Autograph letters of Washington, Lee, LaFayette and 
 other famous men are to be found here. Among the histor- 
 ical papers is the parole of Lord Cornwallis, after the surren- 
 der of Yorktown, and the marriage bond of Thomas Jeffer- 
 son, the bail bond of Jefferson Davis, and the last letter of 
 Stonewall Jackson to General Lee. 
 
26 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 The model from which the capitol was designed is in the 
 library building with other relics, some of which go back to 
 the days of the settlement at Jamestown and bring up mem- 
 ories of ( iaptain John Smith, Pocahontas, John Rolfe, Cap- 
 tain Newport and old Col. Byrd, the founder of the City. 
 
 Among the portraits in the library is that of the Indian 
 Princess Pocahontas, daughter of Powhatan, who saved 
 the life of Captain John Smith. The picture is a copy of 
 one painted from life while Pocahontas was in England. The 
 original hangs in Barton Rectory, Norfolk, England, and 
 was painted in 1610. William Shepard was deputed to make 
 a copy for the State of Virginia, and the result may be seen 
 in the library. 
 
 In this gallery may be seen the portraits of Martha 
 Washington, Lady Spottswood, Mary Randolph, a descend- 
 ant of Pocahontas, George Rogers Clarke, James Madison, 
 Washington, Count Rochambeau, John Randolph, George 
 Mason, Richard Henry Lee, George W. Munford, Henry 
 Clay, Robert E. Lee, Gen. George E. Pickett, Gen. Thomas 
 J. (Stonewall) Jackson, Commodore Matthew F. Maury, 
 John Taylor, William H. Cabell, Gov. Spencer Roane, Peter 
 Francisco, Rev. John Buchanan, William S. Archer, Rev. 
 John A. Broadus, Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. Christopher Colum- 
 bus, John Y. Mason, John Goode, Governor Nichols, Ed- 
 mund P. Pendleton, John Marshall, Matthew W. Maury, 
 Gen. Elliott, Capt. Meriwether Lewis, and Lucy Meriwether, 
 wife of William Lewis, and mother of Meriwether Lewis 
 of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Gen. A. P. Hill, 
 W. II. (Tippecanoe) Harrison, James Jones, J. D. Blair, 
 John R. Thompson. 
 
 In the upper gallery are portraits of Capt. John Smith, 
 Lord Delaware, Lord Percy, George Culpepper, Lord How- 
 ard, Lord Spottswood or Spottiswood, John Robinson, 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 27 
 
 Thomas Lee, Lord William Nelson, Lord Dunmore, Patrick 
 Henry, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Nelson, Edmund Ran- 
 dolph, Robert Brooke, Harry (Lighthorse Harry) Lee, 
 James Monroe, John Page, John Tyler, Sr., Hoge Tyler, 
 Gov. George W. Smith, Gov. James Barbour, Gov. William 
 Smith, Gov. John B. Floyd, Gov. Joseph Johnston, Gov. 
 James McDowell, Gov. Henry A. Wise, Gov. John Ruther- 
 ford, Gov. John Letcher, J. W. Patton, Thomas W. Gilmer, 
 Gov. Gilbert C. Walker, Gov. David Campbell, Gov. 
 Wyndham Robertson, Gov. L. W. Tazwell, Gov. John 
 Floyd, Gov. James L. Kemper, Gov. Fred. W. M. Holliday, 
 Gov. W. E. Cameron, Gov. Fitzhugh Lee, William B. Giles, 
 William H. Roane, President John Tyler, Gov. Charles 
 T. O'Ferrall, Gov. Phillip W. McKinney, William Cabell 
 Rives, James P. Preston. 
 
 On the stairway landing of the third floor are to be seen 
 two large portraits — one of William Southerlin, the other of 
 William Clairborne, first Secretary of State, 1625-'60. 
 Busts of Daniel Webster, Fitz h u g h Lee, LaFayette , Gen. 
 J. E. B. Stuart, and John Marshall are noteworthy. 
 
 In the department of archives and history under the 
 division of bibliography is the Roll of Battle Abbey, A. 0. 
 1066, beneath which is the following inscription: "With ye 
 shields of ye principal Knights in ye Battle of Hastings." 
 There is also to be seen an oil portrait of Gen. Sam Hous- 
 ton, presented to the State of Virginia by the Senate of 
 Texas on 23rd of August, 1911. Many other interesting 
 things are to be seen. 
 
 In the basement is a museum of natural history as well 
 as relics, including the flag of the Confederacy flown from 
 the capitol in the days of the war; Patrick Henry's 
 cane; the cup of Lord Cornwallis, taken at Yorktown; 
 a revolutionary flag, the pike of John Brown, Peter Fran- 
 
28 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Cisco's sword — Francisco was a giant of a man who performed 
 many wonderful feats of arms in the war of the revolution; 
 he was buried in Shockoe cemetery — the seal of the Confed- 
 eracy and relics from the battlefields around Richmond. 
 
 Interesting exhibits of Mineral Resources in Virginia 
 along the C. A: 0. Ry.; quarry products of Virginia, granite, 
 marble, onyx and sandstone, iron, coal and coak. Norfolk 
 & Western coal exhibit, bricks from clay soil in Virginia. 
 Covington, W. Va. Paper and Pulp exhibit. A forge dona- 
 ted by ('apt. W. V. B. Tilson, Chatham Hill, Va., used in a 
 forge established by his grandfather in 1730, one of the first 
 in existence. Woods of many kinds, and mounted birds. 
 The before-the-war relics add much interest to this de- 
 partment. 
 
 The display of mineral and other resources here are of 
 special interest to those who are attracted by the products 
 of nature. This department has been recently opened to 
 
 the public. 
 
 Recently the Connecticut Valley Historical Society of 
 Springfield, Mass., presented to the Virginia State Library 
 at Richmond a very handsome volume of photographs of 
 
 the scenes and locations and personages incident to the visit 
 and reception of the camp in July, 1910. 
 
 The Governor's Mansion. 
 
 Close to the State Library is the Governor's mansion. 
 The first building, a two-story frame structure, was erected 
 in 1790, when Thomas Jefferson was governor. The present 
 mansion has a history. In 1860 the Prince of Wales, 
 afterward King Edward VII. of Great Britain was enter- 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 29 
 
 tained by Governor Letcher. President and Mrs. Hayes, 
 President Cleveland, President McKinley, President Rose- 
 velt, and President Taft have been guests in the mansion of 
 the governors of Virginia. 
 
 City Hall. 
 
 Richmond's City Hall is decidedly modern from an 
 architectural point of view. It is built of Virginia granite 
 and cost $1,500,000. The tower is 180 feet high. Perhaps 
 the most interesting feature of the City Hall is the famous 
 Police Court, presided over for years by the celebrated 
 Justice Crutchfield, sometimes called Justice John or the 
 Cadi. His original methods of dispensing justice have given 
 him a national reputation. In this building are the City of- 
 fices, courts, records, and departments of city government. 
 Recently the City has adopted a modified form of Commsi- 
 sion Form of government. 
 
 Confederate Museum. 
 
 (East Clay Street, corner Twelfth.) 
 
 Almost within a block of Monumental Church is the 
 Confederate Museum, once the White House of the Confed- 
 eracy where Jefferson Davis lived through most of the days 
 of the bitter war and where his daughter Winnie, "the 
 Daughter of the Confederacy" was born. It was from the 
 East balcony of this building that Joe, the little son of the 
 President of the Confederate States, fell and was killed. 
 It was purchased by the City of Richmond and offered 
 as a gift to Jefferson Davis for his residence when he came 
 to Richmond as President of the Confederacy. Mr. Davis 
 
30 GUIDE BOO Ik 
 
 declined to accept it as a gift, but rented and lived in it 
 until the evacuation of Richmond. 
 
 After the war the building was turned into a public 
 school, but it deteriorated so rapidly that the patriotic citizens 
 determined to restore it and turn it into a memorial building 
 and museum. A room is set apart in the building for each 
 state in the Confederacy and thus each state is represented 
 by relics that commemorate the deeds done by its sons and 
 daughters during the war. In the court-yard of the museum 
 is an anchor chain from the Cumberland sloop-of-war sunk 
 by the Merrimac, or Virginia, and propeller shaft of the 
 Virginia. 
 
 Open from !> o'clock a. m. to 5 p. m., and on Satur- 
 days, free, from 9 a. m. to 3 p. in. 
 
 Valentine Museum and Studio. 
 
 The Valentine Museum on East Clay and Tenth Streets, 
 an elegant old residence, comprises a collection of casts, paint- 
 ings, prints, books dating from 1474, and works of colonial 
 and revolutionary times. It contains the original cast of 
 the recumbent statue of General Lee at Lexington, Virginia. 
 Its distinctive feature is its ensemble of American-Indian 
 Archaeology — burial mounds and other works second only 
 to the Smithsonian Institute. 
 
 The building was erected in 1812. The interior of the 
 house impresses one with its magnificent Florentine marble 
 mantels, spiral stairways, solid mahogany doors, the carv- 
 ing of the balustrades, handsome mirrors, etc. 
 
 On the upper floor are hung clubs and spears from the 
 Solomon Islands in the Pacific. Pipes and pieces of pottery 
 from the hands of Indians may be seen. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 31 
 
 The department of sculpture is in the basement; on the 
 same floor where a whole room is devoted to it is the re- 
 cumbent figure of R. E. Lee. 
 
 The Studio of E. V. Valentine, the eminent sculptor is 
 at 807 Leigh Street, a short distance from the museum. 
 
 Battle Abbey. 
 
 The Battle Abbey also known as the Confederate Me- 
 morial Institute is on the property of the Soldiers' Home 
 situated on the Boulevard between Stuart and Kensington 
 Avenues. The grounds consist of five and one-half acres 
 of land. The building is striking in appearance and attracts 
 attention from the peculiarity of its architecture. It is 
 built of sandstone, is short and wide, has no windows except 
 one on each side of the door. There are four sandstone pilars 
 at the entrance, and the doors are made of bronze. The 
 building cost $115,000. In it will be kept war relics. It 
 will also have a library in which will be found histories of the 
 South. 
 
 To Charles Broadus Rouss is given the credit of first 
 conceiving the idea of this building and he has given $100,000 
 to help maintain it. 
 
 The Confederate Soldiers Home. 
 
 On the Boulevard between Stuart and Grove Avenues. 
 The veterans are all dressed in gray and each has a" Cross of 
 Honor." There is a long pavillion with a porch on each side. 
 In this paviloin some of the veterans sleep, others sleep in 
 the cottages. There is a hospital there and doctors and nurses 
 to wait on the sick. There is also a hall for amusements, 
 called the Randolph Hall. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 33 
 
 Many interesting relics can be seen here, on e of the most 
 interesting is "Old Sorrell," "Stonewall" Jackson's horse, 
 which was stuffed and has been given a place in a glass case. 
 The horse was 36 years old when he died. Jackson was 
 killed while on "Old Sorrell." A number of cannons are on 
 the place, one was that which was used at the 'Defence of 
 Fort Sumter." 
 
 Confederate flags wave over the place. 
 
 St. John's Church. 
 
 {East Broad, Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Streets.) 
 
 St. John's Church was built under the supervision of Rich- 
 ard Randolph, of Curies Neck, the land was donated by 
 Win. Byrd and the church was opened for worship June 16, 
 1741. It is said that Randolph was paid 347 pounds, 10 
 shillings for the building of the church. In 1749, Rev. 
 Win. Stith, the first pastor, asked help of George II. and 
 received in response a surplice, a pulpit, a Bible, a prayer 
 book, some cushions and a cloth for the reading desk. 
 
 In the cemetery surrounding St. John's church sleep 
 many of the old settlers of Virginia, but what makes this 
 humble little edifice famous is the fact that here Patrick 
 Henry inspired the delegates with words that awakened the 
 world: "Give me liberty or give me death." The delegates 
 had gathered in the little church to discuss whether they 
 should treat with King George, arbitrate, or fight for their 
 rights. George Mason was there, preaching radicalism that 
 must have won the heart of that parlor-anarchist, Thomas 
 Jefferson, and caused John Marshall, conservative on ques- 
 tions of rights of property, to view him with alarm. George 
 Washington, tall and dignified, walked about th J grave- 
 
34 
 
 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 yard, a1 times conversing with Thomas Nelson, or his old 
 companion in arms, Andrew Lewis. They had fought the 
 French a1 Fori .Necessity, had been captured and released 
 together. They had rallied the Virginia riflemen in the 
 terrible defeat of Braddock and saved the remnant of his 
 army from destruction. They had fought for the king 
 and now they were waiting for the word to fight against 
 
 ST. .lolIN S CHURCH 
 
 him. Edmund Randolph, that stern patriot, was of the 
 company, yet when the news of the meeting of these 
 men went abroad it was the figure of Patrick Henry that 
 dominated the scene in St. John's church; Patrick Henry, 
 the little lawyer from Louisa county, the actor, the dramatic 
 pleader at the bar of just ice. 
 
 There are many ancient tombstones. Among the graves 
 is that of Elizabeth Arnold Poe, mother of Edgar Allen Poe. 
 There is a plan started to raise money to erect a monument 
 in her memory. 
 
 In the little old church now may he seen a bronze tablet 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 35 
 
 placed near the pew from which Patrick Henry arose to make 
 his immortal speech. It was placed there in 1911. Virginia 
 had waited more than 100 years to do honor to that speech 
 of her immortal son. 
 
 Monumental Church. 
 
 (East Broad, between Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets.) 
 
 Monumental Episcopal Church is built on the site of 
 Richmond's first theatre, which gave the name of Theatre 
 Square to the locality. The first playhouse was built in 
 1786, the building being destroyed by fire in 1802. A second 
 theatre was erected only to be burned December 26, 1811, 
 when seventy-two persons, including Governor William 
 Smith, lost their lives. The play was "A Bleeding Nun" 
 and the audience numbered 643. Oil lamps not only lighted 
 the theatre, but were used in the scenery of the play. In 
 setting one scene a large chandelier had to be utilized and 
 in putting this in place a jerk of a cord sent a lamp against 
 the flimsy structure. There was only one narrow exit, 
 and in the mad rush many lives were lost. The strong- 
 est as well as the weakest, neither one had little chance, 
 although more than one heroic deed is recorded. Lieu- 
 tenant Gibbon of the United States Navy was seated in 
 a box with John Lynch and Mrs. Lynch, Mrs. Joseph 
 Gallegro, Mrs. Taylor Braxton, former United States Sen- 
 ator Venable, Mrs. Gibbon, the mother of the naval officer 
 and Miss Sallie Conyers. Lieutenant Gibbon and Miss 
 Conyers were supposed to to be engaged. He was heard 
 to say: "Lynch, leave Sallie to me. She is light and I am 
 strong enough to carry her. You save some one else." 
 They were overcome by the smoke and died in each other's 
 
36 
 
 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 arms. Mr. Lynch *-AXvd Mrs. Gibbon but all the rest of 
 the party perished. It is said that Governor Smith made 
 his way outside but returned to the burning building in an 
 endeavor to save his small son. The disaster sent the city 
 into mourning. The City Council appointed a committee 
 to collect the remains of the victims and to deposit their 
 ashes in an urn for burial. The stores were closed for-eight 
 hours. The council also forbade any theatrical perfor- 
 
 
 '^l i 
 
 
 W : - ■ ." \ ' '■'..•■'. 
 
 
 MONUMENTAL CHURCH 
 
 mance for four months under penalty of $6.66 per hour. 
 A mass meeting was held at the Capitol, the Mayor presid- 
 ing. A committee was appointed to obtain by a house to 
 house canvass the names of the victims. January 1st was 
 set apart as a day of fasting and humiliation. Sermons 
 were preached by Rev. John Buchanan of the Episcopal 
 church and Rev. John Blair of the Presbyterian church. 
 All citizens wore crepe for a month. Judge John Mar- 
 shall was made chairman of a committee to decide upon 
 a memorial. Part of the site was turned into a mammoth 
 tomb in which the remains of all the victims were buried 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 
 
 37 
 
 and over it was raised a shaft on which the names of the dead 
 were inscribed. As a memorial Monumental Church was 
 erected from a fund subscribed by the citizens aided by 
 an appropriation from the city government. 
 
 Governor Smith had only held office thirty-one days 
 when he met his death. Ho had succeeded Governor James 
 Monroe who had accepted the office of Secretary of State 
 under President Madison. 
 
 Among the regular worshippers in this church were 
 Benjamin Watkins Leigh, one of Virginia's foremost jurists; 
 William Wirt, who aided in the prosecution of Aaron Burr; 
 George Hay, son-in-law of .lames Monroe and John Marshall, 
 the great chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United 
 States. LaFayette Watt owned and occupied a pew in 
 this church although it is said that he sat in the Marshall 
 pew. Gen. Leonidas Polk, bishop and soldier was once 
 assistant rector of Monumental church. 
 
 ST. PAl'L S CHURCH 
 
38 GUIDE HOOK 
 
 St. Paul's Church. 
 
 (East Grace and Ninth Streets.) 
 
 Just West of the ( )apitol is St. Paul's Church where Pres- 
 ident Davis and General Lee worshipped during the war. 
 It was while the President of the Confederacy was in this 
 church that he received the telegram from General Lee in 
 Petersburg telling him that Richmond must be evacuated. 
 The pews of President Davis and General Lee are marked 
 and on the west wall is a bronze tablet in memory of Winnie 
 Davis whose funeral was held from St. Paul's church. 
 Just recently this church has been handsomely decorated. 
 
 Sacred Heart Cathedral. 
 
 (Laurel Street and Floyd Ave., facing Monroe Park.) 
 
 Sacred Heart Cathedral is a monument to the gener- 
 osity of Mrs. Thomas Fortune Ryan, wife of the famous 
 financier. The Cathedral while not as large nor yet perhaps 
 as magnificent as some of the more famous ones, is one 
 of the most beautiful in America. The interior decorations 
 are especially elaborate, the color scheme brilliant yet har- 
 monious being extremely effective. Mural work occupies 
 conspicuous part and a series of pictures representing 
 the stations. of the cross are masterpieces. The corner stone 
 of the Cathedra] was laid in 1903. It was finished in 1910. 
 The cost of the building is placed a1 $500,000. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 
 
 39 
 
 HISTORIC HOUSES AND BUILDINGS. 
 
 Besides the Jefferson Davis mansion, now the Confed- 
 erate museum, the chief houses of historic interest still 
 standing are those of Robert E. Lee, John Marshall, Com- 
 modore Maury, Edgar Allan Poe, Jacob Ege, and the 
 Masonic temple. 
 
 Maury Residence. 
 
 The Maury residence, 1105 E. Clay Street, is the house 
 in which Commodore Maury resided during the early part 
 of the war. The following inscription marks the house: 
 "In this house Matthew Fontaine Maury, LL. D., U. S. N. f 
 C. S. A., invented the submarine electrical torpedo, 1861-1862. 
 This stone is placed by the Confederate Memorial Literary 
 Society, A. D.. 1910." 
 
 Many students will 
 remember his great book, 
 "The Physical Geogra- 
 phy of the Sea," which 
 was published in 1855. 
 Maury was the first to 
 propose the Weather Bu- 
 reau, and founded the 
 Observatory at Washing- 
 ton. 
 
 He Avon the rank of 
 Commodore in the Con- 
 federate service. In 
 1868, he accepted the 
 chair of Physics in the maury residence 
 
HOME OF GENERAL LEE 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 41 
 
 Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington. He died on 
 February 1, 1873. At the request of his wife he was laid to 
 rest in Hollywood, but not until after his body was kept at 
 Lexington until the mountain ivy and rhododendrum were 
 in full bloom in Goshen Pass through which he wanted his 
 body to be carried and some of the flowers placed on his 
 coffin. 
 
 Home of R. E. Lee. 
 
 The home of Robert E. Lee is in East Franklin Street 
 between Seventh and Eighth Streets. It is a three story brick 
 affair and quite modern in appearance. The Virginia His- 
 torical Society has its home and library in this building and 
 a priceless collection of rare books and manuscripts and 
 valuable collection of portraits. 
 
 Home of George Wythe. 
 
 "Site of the Home of George Wythe signer of the Declara- 
 tion of Independence." Near the corner of Fifth and Grace 
 Streets on south side of Grace, the above tablet was placed 
 by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiqui- 
 ties, 1887. 
 
 Early Home of Poe. 
 
 The early home of Edgar Allan Poe was on the corner 
 of Fifth and Main Streets. It is also said that the poet 
 lived at another time on Church Hill. On the corner of 
 Main and Fifteenth Streets, Poe had his office and print- 
 ing establishment where he published "The Southern Lit- 
 erary Messenger." The building still stands. 
 
42 
 
 ormi. book 
 
 John Marshall Home. 
 
 The home of Chief .Justice John Marshall stands on a 
 green at the corner of Ninth and East Marshall Streets with 
 the large high school named in honor of the great Virginia 
 jurist, as a background. The house, a two story dwell- 
 ing, was given, on July 20, 1911, by the council of the City of 
 Richmond to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia 
 
 
 
 
 | 
 
 Y 
 
 
 
 El 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 mffl^^H 
 
 ^Wl' 4»i 
 
 -"» ' V 
 
 
 Mm 
 
 
 
 
 1 P Ml 
 
 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 .ii Hl\ \l \i;sil Al.I. HOME 
 
 Antiquities. It was repaired and opened by the Associa- 
 tion in l ( .»b!. There are a great many interesting relics 
 stored in the house, among which are John Marshall's knee 
 buckles, his tortoise -hell spectacles, his black satin robe of 
 office ;is Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the U. S. 
 A photograph of the "Liberty Bell" which \v:is cracked while 
 being tolled for his funeral. A candlestick which held the 
 candles which were used while he read to his invalid wife. 
 The Chief Justice lived here from 179") to 1835. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 
 
 43 
 
 Jacob Ege Home. 
 
 The Jacob Ege home is a stone structure in Main Street 
 near Nineteenth. An old low fronted stone building with 
 a steep roof from which gable windows slant out. A sign 
 board declares that it was once the headquarters of 
 Washington, but according to local tradition, it was more 
 
 WASHINGTON S REPUTED HEADQUARTERS 
 
 correctly the headquarters of LaFayette during his stay in 
 Richmond, and Washington may have visited him here. 
 James Monroe when President was entertained in the old 
 Ege home. Both the President and General LaFayette were 
 personal friends of the old German who came to America 
 in the early part of the eighteenth century. and built his 
 home after the style of the then fatherland in Main Street. 
 
 Van Lew Home. 
 
 The Van Lew home, which formerly stood in Grace 
 Street near the corner of Twenty-fourth, was the headquar- 
 ters of the Federal secret service in Richmond. Miss Van 
 
44 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Lew, an eccentric little old lady, while visiting the sick and 
 wounded soldiers in the military hospitals naturally became 
 friendly with the officers. She picked up valuable informa- 
 tion which she forwarded to the Federal government in 
 Washington by trusted servants and agents between the lines 
 of the armies. More than one Federal prisoner who had 
 tunneled out of Libby prison made his way to the Van hew 
 home and was hidden there until a chance was found to 
 smuggle him out of the city. Although suspected several 
 times it was not known until after the war and the death 
 of Miss Van Lew that she had been in correspondence with 
 the Federal government and even with President Lincoln 
 himself. She was the most trusted Federal agent in the 
 Confederate Capitol. 
 
 She was made Post Master of Richmond by General 
 ( irant as a reward for her services, and served as such during 
 the eight years of General Grant's administration as Presi- 
 dent. This home is now supplanted by a modern school 
 building. 
 
 Oldest Masonic Temple. 
 
 The oldest Masonic Temple in the United States may 
 be seen in Franklin Street, near Nineteenth. The founda- 
 tion was laid in I7s"). General LaFayette was conspic- 
 uous in Richmond during the early history of the nation. 
 He was given a reception in the temple. LaFayette is said 
 to have been a notable figure in masonry. 
 
 The corner stone was laid by .lames Mercer, ( irand Mas- 
 ter, assisted by Edmund Randolph, Governor of Virginia. 
 
 La Fayette's signature can still be seen on the register, 
 also that of his son, Geo. Washington LaFayette. A session 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 
 
 45 
 
 OLD MASONIC TEMPLE 
 
 of masons was held just after the evacuation, and 62 Federal 
 soldiers attended. A ealvaryman forgot his sword which 
 is still there. 
 
 Richmond Parks. 
 
 Of the fifteen parks in Richmond, Chimborazo park 
 at the end of the Broad Street car line is the chief in point 
 of interest. Here the United States weather bureau has 
 its headquarters. 
 
46 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Near Chimborazo park is Libby Hill on the top of 
 
 which stands the Soldiers and Sailors' monument. At the 
 foot of this hill at the corner of Twentieth and Cary Streets 
 stood the famous Libby prison, an old tobacco warehouse. 
 Here November o, 1911, a bronze tablet four feet deep and 
 two feet wide was unveiled, bearing this inscription: "On 
 this sight stood Libby Prison, C. S. A., 1861-'65, for Federal 
 Prisoners of War. Placed by Confederate Memorial 
 Library Society. Libby prison was removed to Chicago" 
 during the World's Fair of 1892. An ice plant now occupies 
 the site of the old prison. 
 
 Idlewood park, a summer resort, is reached by Main 
 Street, and Broad and Main Street ears running west. 
 It marks the terminus of the car lines. The city reservoir 
 occupies a portion of this park and not far away is the pump 
 house which regulates the supph r of water. 
 
 Lake Side park, about seven miles North of Richmond, 
 may be reached by trolley from First and Broad Streets 
 North side. For Ginter Park cars leave from same point. 
 Ginter Park is on the same line. 
 
 Forest Hill park, another summer resort, may be reach- 
 ed by trolley from Broad and Seventh Streets, South side. 
 
 Richmond Blues' Armory. 
 
 (East Marshall Street, corner Sixth.) 
 
 Although the armory of the Richmond Light Infantry 
 Blues is one of the most modern of Richmond's buildings, 
 the organization itself is one of the oldest in the United States. 
 Their first meeting was held in the old bell tower. The first 
 service rendered was in 1800, when negro slaves whose leader 
 was ( ten. Gabriel, planned to fire Richmond. The blues pro- 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 47 
 
 tected the city. Their new building is at the corner of Sixth 
 and Marshall streets. 
 
 The original company was organized in 1789, Captain 
 William Richardson commanding. It was then called the 
 Richmond Light Infantry. In 1793 the company was reor- 
 ganized and became the Richmond Light Infantry Blues with 
 Captain Richardson still in command. He remained at 
 the head of the company for 20 years. The company has 
 now held its organization for more than 120 years, and has 
 ever occupied a prominent part in the military and social 
 life of the Capitol. 
 
 First Virginia Regiment Armory. 
 
 The opening celebration of the First Virginia Regiment 
 Armory was given May 29, 1914. 
 
 The Drill Hall is 90 feet by 172 feet and has seating 
 capacity of 6,540. The first floor contains company rooms, 
 officers' quarters, company quartermasters' quarters, and 
 lockers for four infantry companies, for a field hospital 
 corps, signal corps, and a battalion hospital corps, besides 
 offices for Major, Adjutant and Battalion Quartermaster. 
 In the basement is the gymnasium, adjoining which are the 
 locker rooms and shower baths. The Rifle Range is espe- 
 cially unique. It has capacity of eight men shooting at once, 
 and its concealed lighting, electric signals, range telephone, 
 smoke exhaust fans, "sail shell" targets, movable shooting 
 stand, observers platform, and steel lined room all serve to 
 make it one of the best equipped indoor ranges in the country. 
 
 The First Virginia Volunteers Infantry was organized 
 May 1, 1851, in Richmond with Walter Gwynn as the first 
 Colonel. In 1861 it was called out in defense of the State. 
 It participated at the First Manassas, Falls Church, Seven 
 
48 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Pines, etc. It was reorganized in 1871, and participated 
 in the Yorktown Centennial in 1881. 
 
 The new building is Gothic Architecture, and has a 
 military appearance. 
 
 The Howitzers' Armory. 
 
 The Howitzers' Armory on North Eighth Street and 
 Gymnasium on North Seventh Street and Leigh. 
 
 The Richmond Howitzers were first organized, Novem- 
 ber, 1859, George W. Randolph of Richmond, Virginia, was 
 the first Captain. The first service rendered by them was 
 at Harper's Ferry, Va., where they were sent to aid in quel- 
 ling the John Brown raid. 
 
 The first meeting after the war was held across from the 
 Post Office and they drilled with wooden guns. They had 
 four brass field guns that were loaned by the government. 
 
 They have two buildings, one a hall for drills, with 
 office rooms, etc.; the other building is an athletic building 
 and is equipped with swimming pool, baths, gymnasium and 
 reading rooms. A park seperates the two buildings. 
 
 Battlefields Around Richmond. 
 
 For Seven Pines battlefield, take Clay Street cars 
 bound South. In all the war the nearest field of actual 
 battle to Richmond was Seven Pines or Fair Oaks, May 31, 
 1862, when General Joseph E. Johnston struck the first blow 
 to break General McClellan's grip on Richmond. In this 
 battle Johnston was wounded and General Robert E. Lee 
 took command of the Confederate forces, the place he 
 was destined to hold all through the tremendous four 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 49 
 
 years struggle that followed. Following Seven Pines came 
 a week of fighting in which McClellan was driven back 
 to Malvern Hill and Harrison's Landing. Mechanicsville 
 fought June 26th, followed the Seven Pines or Fair Oaks< 
 fight, and then in rapid succession came the battles of Gaines' 
 Mill, Savage's Station, Frazier's Farm, and Malvern Hill< 
 where McClellan was able to repulse the Confederate attack. 
 In the latter part of April, 1863, Colonel Dalghren's troopers 
 of General Kilpatrick's cavalry approached within three 
 miles of Richmond, but retired not being supported and 
 not finding a ford where they expected one. The James 
 was in flood and a couple of Dalghren's men were drowned 
 in trying to cross the river at the place pointed out to them 
 by their guide, a negro. Whereupon Colonel Dalghren 
 hanged the negro to the highest tree at the highest point 
 he could find, which place is now pointed out on the Gregory 
 estate just beyond the Country Club. The battlefield of 
 Yellow tavern in which General "Jeb" Stuart was killed is 
 on the old Washington post road, although it may be reached 
 by way of Ashland. Cars for Ashland leave Broad Street 
 station opposite the Elba station of the R. F. and P. rail- 
 road. Clay Street cars will carry tourists to the vicinity 
 of Seven Pines battlefield. Trolly cars in South Richmond 
 or trains from Byrd Street station connect with Petersburg 
 and the battlfields around that city. 
 
 R. E. Lee Statue. 
 
 Located at the east end of Monument Avenue. 
 
 Four models were submitted for this statue, but none 
 were thought good enough. Mercie made a model which 
 was accepted, receiving 90,000 francs for his work. 
 
 On May 4, 1890, the Statue arrived in Richmond, and 
 
50 GUIDE H()()K 
 
 on the 7th it was loaded on four wagons, and men. women 
 and children hauled it to its pedestal. It was unveiled on 
 May 30th by General Jos. E. Johnson. 
 
 Jefferson Davis Monument. 
 
 The cornci- stone was laid in 1896, and a design was 
 submitted, but a change was made and it was 1907 before 
 the present design was accepted. \Y. C. Xoland designed 
 the monument and E. V. Valentine modeled the figure of 
 Davis and the Allegorical figures. There are thirteen Doric 
 columns which represent the eleven seceded States and the 
 
 two which sent delegates to the Confederate Congress. 
 
 The figure of Davis reached Richmond on April 18th 
 and was drawn by 3,000 school children to the site on 
 Monument Avenue. The monument was unveiled at the 
 Confederate Reunion and presented to the ( 'ity on .June 3rd, 
 1907. That date being the one hundredth anniversary of 
 the birth of Davis. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. 
 
 The Young Men's Christian Association building is 
 at Grace and Seventh Streets — elegant in its appointments. 
 
 Y. W. C. A. 
 
 The Young Women's Christian Association building 
 is on Fifth Street, between Main and Franklin Streets, just 
 erected and newly equipped. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 51 
 
 Tredegar Iron Works. 
 
 The Tredegar Iron works, established in 1836, are sit- 
 uated at the south end of Fourth street at the foot of Gam- 
 bles Hill. 
 
 It was there that the iron for the sides of the Merrimac, 
 the first iron clad war ship of the South, was made. 
 
 The Marshall Street Viaduct. 
 
 This Viaduct connects Church Hill with the main part 
 of the city. It was completed in 1911, at a cost of half a 
 million dollars. It is on Marshall street and extends from 
 14th to 21st street, a distance of about half a mile. At the 
 highest point it is ninety feet above the ground. It was 
 built by the Richmond and Henrico Railway Co. 
 
 Manchester. 
 
 Manchester is the former name of South Richmond. 
 When annexed in 1911, the name of Manchester was drop- 
 ped officially, although the citizens of that section still refer 
 to it by the old familiar name, but officially it is known as 
 Washington ward. 
 
 The Cemeteries. 
 
 In the cemeteries in and around Richmond are buried 
 many of the makers of American History. 
 
 Hollywood (Cherry, between Spring and Albemarle 
 Streets). This cemetery takes its name from the holly trees 
 which abound here. It is one of the most beautiful spots in 
 the South, and the view is magnificent. President Monroe 
 
52 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 and President Tyler are buried here. A bronze statue 
 marks the grave of Jefferson Davis and here are the graves 
 of his wife and children. Over the grave of Winnie Davis 
 stands the figure of an angel, carved in white marble, erected 
 by the Daughters of the Confederacy. 
 
 Fitzhugh Lee, soldier and statesman; "Jeb" Stuart, the 
 great cavalry leader; General Pickett, who made the famous 
 charge at Gettysburg; General Pegram, Commodore Maury, 
 the former a famous Virginian soldier in the war of the Con- 
 federacy and the latter one of the most famous naval officers 
 in history are buried here. Commodore Maury was re- 
 sponsible for the founding of the naval academy and his 
 articles on maritime subjects and scientific matters were 
 recognized as authoritative. It was he who gave Cyrus W. 
 Field the idea of laying an Atlantic cable. It was Maury 
 who marked out the routes or ocean highways for ships 
 crossing and recrossing the ocean. He received a degree 
 from Cambridge University and honors from many 
 European nations as well as from the Emperor Maxmillan of 
 Mexico in that Sovereign's brief reigu. John Randolph, 
 "of Roanoke/' the famous orator, is buried here and many 
 of Virginia's governors. The G inter mausoleum erected 
 by Major Ginter of Richmond, and where his body now lies, 
 is not the least interesting object in the cemetery while a 
 giant pyramid erected by the Confederate Women's Associ- 
 ation in 1869, marks the graves of 12,000 Confederate 
 soldiers. This pyramid is built of rough blocks of Virginia 
 granite and is 45 feet square at base and 90 feet high. 
 
 Just a short distance to the W T est of the grave of William 
 Smith, the first Governor of Virginia, are the two Elms or 
 weeping willows which came from the grave of Napoleon at 
 St. Helena. 
 
 In Oakwood cemetery, at the end of Oakwood avenue, 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 53 
 
 are buried 16,000 Confederate soldiers. In Shockoe Hill, 
 at the North end of Third Street, is buried the great John 
 Marshall. Here, too, rest the Allans, from which family 
 Edgar Allan Poe took his middle name, and the founders 
 of the modern city, the men who made Richmond. Here, 
 too, is buried that hero of the revolution, Peter Sanfrancisco, 
 whose sword blade was five feet long and who could shoulder 
 a cannon weighing 1100 pounds. His fight against nine 
 of Tarletan's calvarymen is still recounted in the history 
 of valiant deeds by Virginians. Here, too, is buried Miss 
 Van Lew, the famous woman spy of the great war, who aided 
 Federal soldiers to escape from Libby prison; Northern sym- 
 pathizers have erected a tombstone of Roxbury pudding 
 stone," over her grave, on the smoothe surface of which 
 is a eulogy of her deeds. 
 
 Two National cemeteries, one at Seven Pines, the 
 other on the Williamsburg road at the corner of Govern- 
 ment road, are the resting places for the Federal soldiers 
 who fell in the fighting around Richmond. In the ceme- 
 tery of St. John's church lie buried the oldest inhabitants. 
 One grave, that of Robert Ross, first rector of the church 
 bearing the date June 30, 1751. 
 
 Between Seventeenth and Eighteenth Streets in Frank- 
 lin Street is the sight of an ancient Jewish cemetery, the 
 oldest in the United States. Over the gate that still stands 
 is an inscription to this effect. Another Jewish cenmetery 
 is situated near the City Home and Hospital Street and a 
 third is close to Oakwood cemetery. On the outskirts of 
 the city by the side of the James are Riverview and Cal- 
 vary cemeteries, while in South Richmond is Maury cem- 
 etery, where ruins of earthworks set up for batteries during 
 the war may still be seen. 
 
54 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 Statistics of the City. 
 
 According to statistics furnished by the Richmond 
 Chamber of Commerce the city, in 1913, shared in the 
 almost unexampled prosperity of the nation during the pasl 
 twelve months evidenced by the figures compiled from va- 
 rious sources and covering every phase of the industrial life 
 of the city. New business houses, new dwellings, new banks, 
 new schools gave proof of the increased population and busi- 
 ness — proof clinched by figures. There was scarcely a line 
 of business or industry in the city that did not show larger 
 sales, greater working force, and increased capacity. New 
 banks were organized, attesting the fact that the business of 
 others had increased to such an extent as to make additional 
 facilities nescesary. Construction of more business houses, 
 more factories and more dwellings inevitably followed the 
 expansion of business. 
 
 Nothing brings business to a city more quickly than 
 the success of those already engaged in business in 1 hat com- 
 munity. Nothing brings capital to a city more quickly 
 than the presence of capital, working at a reasonable rate of 
 interest. Nothing brings buyers to a city more quickly than 
 the advertisement of the fad that buyers are coming. So, 
 increases iu t he number of ma nufact uring and jobbing plant s, 
 of the number of men employed, of capital invested, of an- 
 nual sales, of banking facilities, of schools, of homes and of 
 municipal improvements, such as witnessed in Richmond in 
 1912, can not fail to have the effect of bringing about a still 
 furt her increase dining the coining year under like conditions. 
 
 Figures make dry reading, hut a few telling the 
 story of Richmond's great industrial progress will not prove 
 dry to those who like nothing so much as to find cause for 
 boosting Richmond. The statistical history of the city's 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 55 
 
 growth is summed up as follows: More than 1900 manu- 
 facturing plants with a capital of $36,000,000 were in opera- 
 tion in 1913, whereas in 1911 these numbered but 1,871 with 
 a capital of little more than $35,000,000. The annual sales 
 from the factories of the city showed an increase of more 
 than five and a half million dollars and of the jobbing houses 
 an increase of nearly four million dollars. The manufacture 
 of tobacco led all the rest, with the output of machine shops 
 second, the total output for the two being valued at about 
 $27,000,000. Of the jobbers, the grocers, confectioners and 
 so forth led with more than $21,000,000, and the provision 
 merchants came next with nearly $15,000,000 in sales. The 
 total value of the construction begun in Richmond in 
 1912 was six and one quarter million dollars, of which more 
 than $800,000 was spent in the construction of warehouses. 
 An increase of twenty thousand dollars for schools was 
 shown and of five thousand dollars for hospitals. 
 
 The greatest and possibly the most encouraging evi- 
 dence of the city's growth is found in the increase in the 
 number and cost of dwelling houses. In 1912 there were 
 issued permits for 612 such buildings at a total cost of about 
 $2,135,000. 
 
 Richmond banking transactions have passed the 
 half billion mark. The clearings during the year totalled 
 $429,787,122.06 according to the statement issued by the 
 secretary of the Clearing House Association. The increase 
 for last year was $37,212,821.06. The average increase 
 for the past ten years is $20,000,000 annually. 
 
 The growth and progress of Richmond in the last decade 
 is a source of self-congratulation to Richmond. The 
 psat year showed that this progress is continuing and has 
 shown no indications of doing aught else in the future. 
 
56 GUIDE BOOK 
 
 The work done in the past is an earnest of the work to be 
 done in the future. 
 
 Facts. 
 
 Richmond has 210 miles of Streets; her own Water Works, 
 with a daily pump capacity of 34,000,000 gallons; her own 
 Gas Plant, producing capacity of 4,000,000 cu. ft. daily. 
 
 Richmond has a Locomotive Plant, turning out an en- 
 gine each day of the year, the largest Machine Supply Com- 
 pany, and does the second largest business in this line in the 
 South. 
 
 Richmond has the largest Woodenware factory in the 
 world; the largest Extract Plants in the world; the largest 
 Baking Powder factory in the world. 
 
 Note that Richmond makes one-fourth of the cigarettes 
 made in America or 2,400,000,000; that Richmond's tax rate 
 is less than any municipality of equal population. 
 
 Richmond has the largest Banking Facilities in the South; 
 the largest Harness and Saddle factory in the South. 
 
 Richmond has three of the largest Blotting Paper Plants 
 in America, and 75 per cent, of the total output in made here. 
 
 Richmond has one of the finest Country Clubs in Amer- 
 ica; abundant and first class Street car facilities; unsur- 
 passed railroad facilities -water transportation at its door. 
 
 Richmond has hotel accommodations superior to any 
 city of 300,000 population -excepting only Atlantic City. 
 
 Richmond has superior school advantages, including 
 manual t mining, commercial law, scientific, medical and 
 ministerial courses; and is noted for its numerous churches 
 and widespread religious activities. 
 
CITY OF RICHMOND 57 
 
 Richmond has a concrete bridge across the James River 
 that suggests to the lettered mind the Bridge of the Tibur 
 at Rome. 
 
 Richmond has 210 miles of Streets. 
 
OUR MOST 
 ENTERPRISING INSTITUTION 
 
 THE 
 CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 
 
 * f ff sa 
 
 ! !«* 
 
 11 ii! "\ 
 L") ii i! 
 
 NEW CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 
 
 OFFICERS 
 W. T. Reed, Presidenl F. D. Dunlop, Treasurer 
 
 E. C. Laird, 1st V.-Pres. 1!. A. I)i nlop, Secretary 
 Coleman Won i ii \\i. 2d V.-P. W. T. Dabney, Bus. Mngr. 
 E. S. ( rOODMAN, Traffic Manager 
 
m 
 
 PRINTING 
 
 THAT 
 
 PLEASES 
 
 Phone 
 Madison 71 22 
 
 c 
 
 c 
 
 ENTRAL I UBLISHING ^O.. INC 
 
 1536-1540 E. BROAD STREET 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 
 Out of town orders 
 
 secure our 
 
 prompt attention. 
 
 BOOKS 
 CATALOGS 
 JOB and 
 COMMERCIAL 
 PRINTING 
 
 H: 
 
 a 
 
LEAMAN'S 
 
 is the place to get 
 your Smoking 
 Materials, makes 
 no difference 
 whether you pre- 
 fer Cigarettes or 
 Cigars. He has 
 them all, every 
 brand: Turks, 
 Egyptian, Domes- 
 tic, Foreign. 
 
 Also Your Favorite Soft Drink- 
 
 LYRIC 
 BUILDING 
 
 1 
 
 NINTH AND 
 BROAD STS. 
 
 3477-251 
 Lot-3^ 
 
PHONES: Randolph 
 
 1004 
 1005 
 1006 
 
 SAM H, HELLER. MGR. 
 
 Cfje JXtdjmonb #rocerp Co. 
 
 "3Cfje 3ppeti?ing Stores" 
 
 Wtyolt&ait antj detail (grocers 
 
 We Maka a Specialty 
 of Old Virginia Hams 
 
 600-602-604 
 E. MARSHALL STREET 
 
 Choice Virginia Farms 
 
 Now as Low as $15 an Acre. 
 
 You can now buy in Virginia complete farms with buildings 
 and fencing, many of them in a high state of cultivation at a 
 fraction of the prices asked in other regions. 
 
 FINE FACTORY SITES 
 
 Put your plant on the C. & O. where you can compete for 
 the Northern and Western markets, and secure a strong hold on 
 the trade of the New South which is developing with amazing 
 rapidity. Fine climate, plentiful watei power, cheap fuel, raw 
 material at your door. Free factory sites and low taxation in 
 hundreds of good towns. 
 
 WRITE FOR handsome illustrated industrial and agricultural 
 
 booklet (100 pages) containing list of farms and low 
 
 twice-a-month excursion rates. 
 
 K. T. CRAWLEY, Industrial Agent 
 
 CHESAPEAKE & OHIO RAILWAY, 
 RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 
 

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