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 CPnfRIGHT DEPOSIT. 
 
Bridge 
 
 that Wins 
 
 
 BY 
 
 A. R. 
 
 METCALFE 
 
 
 \\ 
 
 With Thirty Illustrative Deals 
 
 
 3 3 
 O 3 3 
 
 '3» 
 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 J. N. 
 
 HATHAWAY 
 
 156 WABASH AVENUE 1 
 
 
 1905 
 
 •^-— ^HWlMHHWSHHl 
 
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 LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
 Two Copies riec«<v«u 
 
 MAY 1 iy05 
 
 Copyrignt trntry 
 
 CLASS ^O- AAC N« 
 COPY B. 
 
 Copyright, April, 1905 
 
 BY 
 
 A. R. METCAI.FK 
 
 CHICAGO ^ 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS 
 
 Bridge originated in Constantinople about 
 1870, and has become probably the most popular 
 of all indoor games. 
 
 The game is played by four players, the full 
 pack of cards being used and the cards taking 
 rank as in whist. 
 
 The players must cut for the deal and the 
 player cutting the low^est card wins, the ace 
 being the lowest. 
 
 The dealer must either declare the trump or 
 request his partner to do so. If the make is 
 passed the trump must be named by the partner. 
 Thirty points constitute a game, iDUt all points 
 over thirty in a game are counted. Two games 
 won out of three constitute a rubber, and the win- 
 ners of a rubber add 100 points to their score. 
 
 In addition to the points scored for game and 
 rubber there is an honor score, which is kept 
 separately. At the conclusion of a rubber, to ar- 
 rive at the result, the sum total of the points and 
 honors scored by losers is deducted from the sum 
 total of the points and honors scored by the 
 winners. 
 
 START OF THE PLAY. 
 
 After the trump has been named by the dealer, 
 or his partner, the leader says: ''May I play. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 partner?" or ''I double." If the first, his partner 
 may say: 'Tlay," or ''I double." Doubling 
 makes the value of each odd trick twice that of 
 the original declaration. After having doubled, 
 the player who named the trump may redouble 
 or pass, and if the latter, his partner has the 
 privilege of doubling, and this operation may be 
 continued indefinitely. The honor score cannot 
 be doubled. 
 
 After the first card has been played in any deal 
 the dealer's partner lays his cards face upward on 
 the table, and thereafter has no part in the game 
 except that he may prevent his partner from 
 revoking, or the adversaries from exacting any 
 penalty in error. 
 
 When a suit is named the five highest cardB of 
 that suit are the honors ; at no trump aces only 
 are honors. 
 
 When a trump is declared a player holding 
 no trumps is chicane, but may not claim it until 
 the deal has been played. 
 
 A side winning twelve tricks in a deal scores a 
 little slam ; a side winning thirteen tricks in a deal 
 scores grand slam. 
 
 The following table shows the value of each 
 odd trick at any declaration and also the value of 
 the honors which accrue to the players holding 
 them : 
 
 When there are no trumps : 
 
 Each trick above six counts 12 
 
 Three aces count 30 
 
 Four aces count 40 
 
 Four aces in one hand count 100 
 
BRIDGE T-ELAT wins. 3 
 
 Dia- 
 When trumps are Spades Clubs monds Hearts 
 
 Each trick above six counts 2 4 6 8 
 
 Three honors count.. 4 8 12 16 
 
 Four honors count. . . 8 16 24 32 
 
 Five honors count.. . . 10 20 30 40 
 Four honors in one 
 
 hand count 16 32 48 64 
 
 Four honors in one 
 hand and fifth in 
 
 partner's count ... 18 36 54 72 
 Five honors in one 
 
 hand count 20 40 60 80 
 
 Chicane counts 4 8 12 16 
 
 Grand slam counts 40 
 
 Little slam counts 20 
 
 It is much better to have the score kept by one 
 player on each side. Where but one score is kept, 
 however, it should always be left upon the table 
 in plain view of all the players. 
 
 A simple method of scoring is shown by the 
 illustration following : 
 
 A & B 
 
 C & D 
 
 Tricks 
 
 Honors 
 
 Tricks 
 
 Honors 
 
 6 
 
 
 36 
 
 12 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 12 
 
 32 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 100 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 42 
 
 80 
 
 70 
 
 174 
 70 
 
 244 
 
 80 
 
 164 
 
 It will be 
 unnec- 
 essary 
 to write 
 the 
 words 
 tricks 
 and 
 honors, 
 and any 
 paper 
 which 
 is con- 
 venient 
 may be 
 used. 
 
BRIDGK O^HAO^ WINS. 
 
 Bridge should not be played without a stake, 
 even by beginners; on the other hand, there are 
 many reasons why a stake should not be high. In 
 cutting for partners, one who never draws a 
 poorer partner than himself obviously should not 
 play for a large sum. All players, except the 
 worst, must occasionally have partners either of 
 less experience or less ability than themselves, 
 and one-fourth of the time remain idle and watch 
 games and perhaps rubbers thrown aw^ay by the 
 bad play or poor declarations of their partners. 
 
 At such times one should avoid criticism, and 
 particularly any exhibition of temper. 
 
 Not only is this important as a matter of eti- 
 quette, but from pure business reasons. An in- 
 dififerent or inexperienced player who is called to 
 account for each of his mistakes is certain to be- 
 come more or less confused, until he is no longer 
 able to do himself justice. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 THE DECLARATION. 
 
 Above everything else, results at bridge depend 
 upon the declaration. After an experience of many 
 years the writer believes in greater freedom in no 
 trump declarations than is recommended by any 
 text book now in use; in this opinion he is sup- 
 ported by the best players of his acquaintance, all 
 of whom have been weaned from the old methods 
 during the last two or three years. Any expert 
 bridge player must bear witness that at no trump 
 the dealer easily has a great advantage in play 
 over his adversaries ; while with a declared trump 
 the reverse is true. This is largely due to the fact 
 that with a declared trump the adversaries get in 
 their tricks as rapidly as possible and neglect no 
 opportunity to ruff each other and destroy the 
 good cards held by the dealer in the plain suits. 
 
 At no trump, on the contrary, it is 'imperative 
 that the adversaries must attempt a long suit, 
 and if the dealer is a skillful player he can keep 
 them in ignorance of the strength which they hold 
 between them until too late for them to profit by 
 the knowledge. 
 
 GOOD RULE TO FOLLOW. 
 
 One guiding rule should be borne in mind by 
 all players of bridge : 
 
 The dealer should never make a declaration un- 
 less he may reasonably expect to win the game on 
 that deal. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 To paraphrase an ancient whist adage, ''When 
 in doubt, declare no trump." 
 
 The dealer's chances at no trump declaration 
 are much better when the strength is divided be- 
 tween dealer and dummy. As the dealer's hand 
 is weaker, so he has a perfect right to expect 
 dummy's hand to be stronger. 
 
 In estimating the value of a hand, players 
 should not lose sight of the secondary cards, such 
 as tens, nines and eights, which usually take sev- 
 eral tricks in each deal and materially assist the 
 honors. 
 
 DEALER SHOULD DECLARE NO 
 TRUMP. 
 
 The dealer should declare no trump when hold- 
 ing three aces, except when also holding four 
 honors in hearts or a hand with which game may 
 almost certainly be won at hearts or diamonds. 
 Thus, with hearts, ace, jack, deuce ; spades, seven, 
 four ; diamonds, ace, king, queen, nine, six, four ; 
 and clubs, ace, seven ; with the score twelve or 
 more, the dealer should declare diamonds, being 
 almost certain to win game at that declaration. 
 With a score of less than twelve he should de- 
 clare no trump. 
 
 When holding two aces and another suit pro- 
 tected. Example : Hearts, ace, ten, four ; spades, 
 queen, jack, nine, deuce; diamonds, ten, six, four; 
 clubs, ace, nine, trey. 
 
 When holding one ace and two protected suits 
 and a hand equal to the average. Example: 
 
 f 
 
BRIDGK I^HAT WINS. 
 
 Hearts, king, ten, deuce ; spades, ace, nine, trey ; 
 diamonds, king, jack, eight, four; clubs, five, six, 
 seven. 
 
 When holding two suits headed by ace, king. 
 Example : Hearts, ace, king, six, deuce ; spades, 
 ace, king, seven ; diamonds, ten, four, three ; clubs, 
 six, four, deuce. 
 
 Should the heart suit contain five or more, a 
 heart declaration is preferable to no trump, in the 
 last-named example. 
 
 When holding an established suit of five or 
 more cards and an ace or a guarded king. Ex- 
 ample : Hearts, king, four, deuce ; spades, ace, 
 king, queen, jack, five ; diamonds, ten, four, deuce, 
 clubs, three, two. 
 
 When holding king, queen or king, jack of 
 every suit, without any aces. 
 
 On the rubber game the dealer should declare 
 no trump when holding an established black suit 
 of six or more, regardless of weakness in the 
 other suits. 
 
 The dummy should declare no trump under the 
 same general rules as those laid down for the 
 dealer, except that he should place less value than 
 the dealer on such suits as king and one or two 
 small, or queen and two small cards, as the ex- 
 posure of such suits robs them of half their 
 strength. 
 
 No trump must always be declared by either 
 dealer or dummy, regardless of the score, when 
 holding four aces. 
 
 In desperate situations, such as a score of — 24 
 on the rubber game, or when opponents have won 
 
BRIDGE O^HAO^ WINS. 
 
 the first game and have a large start on the sec- 
 ond, no trump may be declared when the hand 
 seems to afford any possibility of winning the 
 game from such a declaration, as in the instances 
 below given : 
 
 Spades, king, queen, jack, six, four, deuce; 
 hearts, trey, deuce ; diamonds, ace, queen, six ; 
 clubs, trey, deuce. 
 
 Spades, ace, queen, jack, four, trey, deuce; 
 hearts, king, four, deuce ; diamonds, trey, deuce ; 
 clubs, trey, deuce. 
 
 Such hands as the above contain a large num - 
 ber of possible tricks. 
 
 No trump should never be declared, however, 
 from hands such as the following : 
 
 Spades, ace, four, trey, deuce ; hearts, king, 
 trey, deuce ; clubs, king, trey, deuce ; diamonds, 
 jack, trey, deuce. 
 
 Such a hand is worth very little under any cir- 
 cumstances. Desperate no trump declarations 
 never need be absurd. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 HEART DECLARATION. 
 
 The dealer should declare hearts : 
 
 When holding four or five honors regardless of 
 the score, unless he should also hold four aces. 
 
 When holding six hearts with three honors. 
 
 When holding six hearts with two honors, one 
 of which is king or ace. 
 
 When holding seven or more hearts with one 
 honor. 
 
 When holding five hearts with two honors and 
 a good five-card suit. 
 
 When the score is fourteen or more, in addi- 
 tion to the examples given above, the dealer 
 should declare hearts : 
 
 When holding six hearts with two honors. 
 
 When holding five hearts with two honors, one 
 of which is king or ace. 
 
 When holding four hearts with three honors, 
 one of which is king or ace, and two tricks in the 
 other suits. 
 
 The rules for heart declaration for the dummy 
 are the same as those for the dealer except that 
 dummy is sometimes forced to make the heart 
 declaration from hands which dealer would pass. 
 It is usually unwise, however, for dummy to de- 
 clare hearts with a holding of five weak trumps 
 and not much strength in the plain suits. 
 
 When the score is 22 or 24, either dealer or 
 dummy should declare hearts when it seems rea- 
 sonable to expect the hand to take four tricks. 
 
10 bridge: that wins. 
 
 Examples : Hearts, ace, queen, ten, deuce ; 
 spades, ace, king ; diamonds, nine, six, four ; clubs, 
 jack, six, four, deuce. 
 
 Hearts, king, queen, jack, four; spades, king, 
 seven, six ; diamonds, six, four ; clubs, queen, jack, 
 four, deuce. 
 
 DIAMOND DECLARATION. 
 
 Dealer should declare diamonds when holding 
 four or five honors unless the score is desperate 
 and there is a good chance of winning game at a 
 no trump declaration. 
 
 Dealer should never declare diamonds except 
 when holding four honors unless there is a fair 
 probability of winning the game on the diamond 
 declaration. 
 
 Dummy must sometimes declare diamonds 
 when his hand will not warrant a no trump dec- 
 laration and there is a probability of scoring the 
 odd trick at diamonds. 
 
 Example: Hearts, king, jack, four, deuce; 
 spades, queen, ten, trey; diamonds, king, jack, 
 nine, seven, deuce ; clubs, four. 
 
 Dummy should not declare diamonds, however, 
 from such hands as the following : Hearts, king, 
 trey, deuce; spades, jack, six, four; diamonds, 
 jack, eight, six, trey, deuce; clubs, seven, six. 
 Spades should be declared from hands like the 
 last-named unless the score is 24 or more. 
 
 Dealer should declare diamonds at the score of 
 love-all : 
 
 When holding four of five honors and not 
 having three aces. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 11 
 
 When holding seven or more diamonds with 
 at least one honor and some strength in plain 
 suits. 
 
 When holding six diamonds with two honors 
 and a strong five-card suit. 
 
 Example: Diamonds, ace, jack, nine, seven, 
 four, deuce ; spades, king, queen, jack, nine, four ; 
 hearts, deuce ; clubs, deuce. 
 
 It is obvious that with such hands as the above, 
 or similar ones, there is a fair chance to win game 
 with diamonds trumps. When the trump suit is 
 only headed by the jack or queen, however, the 
 hand is greatly weakened. 
 
 When the score is twelve or more dealer or 
 dummy should declare diamonds: 
 
 When holding six diamonds with three honors. 
 
 When holding five diamonds with two honors 
 and a good five-card suit. 
 
 When the score is 18 or more dealer or dummy 
 should declare diamonds. 
 
 When holding six diamonds with tw^o honors. 
 
 Examples : Diamonds, queen, ten, eight, seven, 
 four, deuce; spades, king, jack, four; hearts, 
 queen, ten, four ; clubs, seven. 
 
 When holding five diamonds with .two honors, 
 one of which is ace or king, and fair strength in 
 the plain suits. 
 
 When the score is 24 or more dealer should 
 declare diamonds when holding four or five, if 
 the hand seems reasonably certain to take at least 
 four tricks. Dummy should declare diamonds at 
 this stage if his hand seems certain to take three 
 tricks. 
 
12 BRIDGE TUAT WINS. 
 
 Under no circumstances should dummy declare 
 diamonds from such a hand as the following : 
 
 Hearts, ten, eight, four, deuce ; clubs, queen, 
 eight; spades, ten, nine, eight; diamonds, king, 
 ten, four, trey. 
 
 There are many precepts used by bridge play- 
 ers which are a snare to the unwary. One of 
 these is that when the dealer passes the make, 
 having a score of 24 or better, he calls for his 
 partner to name the best suit which he (dummy) 
 has. Within certain limitations this is all right, 
 but when applied to such cases as the above, 
 which are frequent, it at once becomes foolish. 
 Trying to win the game with such cards should 
 almost invariably give the game to the oppo- 
 nents. 
 
 BLACK DECLARATIONS. 
 
 Dealer should never declare spades nor clubs 
 unless two or three odd tricks will win the game 
 and the hand seems strong enough to secure 
 them. 
 
 When dummy is forced to name the trump and 
 his hand does not warrant a no trump or red 
 declaration he should always declare spades, un- 
 less holding five or more clubs, with some 
 strength either in the trump suit or in the other 
 suits. 
 
 Clubs should never be declared from hands like 
 the following : Hearts, ten, seven, trey ; spades, 
 six, four ; diamonds, ten, six, four, deuce ; clubs, 
 king, jack, three, two. From such a hand dummy 
 must declare spades. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 13 
 
 The tendency of all beginners at bridge is to 
 declare hearts or diamonds whenever they see a 
 hand containing five or more of either of those 
 suits. It is especially hard, when holding the 
 dummy hand, to declare spades when holding 
 only two or three of that suit, and perhaps a five- 
 card red suit. 
 
 One of the most expensive declarations ever 
 made was from the following hand: Hearts, 
 nine, six, five, trey, deuce; spades, king, jack, 
 ten ; diamonds, ace, king ; clubs, ace, jack, nine. . 
 
 The make was passed and the dummy, who held 
 the above hand, declared hearts instead of an- 
 nouncing no trump, as he should have done. 
 Dealer and dummy had won the first game and 
 at no trump would easily have gone out. The 
 heart make was doubled and the opponents won 
 the game, besides holding 64 honors, and event- 
 ually won the rubber, the unwise declaration 
 actually costing over 900 points. 
 
 Another expensive declaration was from the 
 following hand: Spades, jack, four; hearts, 
 seven, six, trey ; clubs, nine, four ; diamonds, nine, 
 eight, six, five, four, deuce. From this the 
 dummy, to whom the make was passed, declared 
 diamonds, when he should unquestionably have 
 declared spades. 
 
 It is difficult to teach beginners to declare 
 spades as frequently as they should. Some wag 
 has said that most players lack nerve enough to 
 declare spades. Certain it is, however, that when 
 the opponents obviously hold stronger cards than 
 your partner and yourself, you must make the 
 deal as inexpensive as possible. 
 
^1 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 It sometimes occurs that the proper declaration 
 tor dummy is spades, even though he has no card 
 m that suit. 
 
 Example: Hearts, nine, seven, six, five, two • 
 ckibs, nme, eight, four, three ; diamonds, nine 
 eight, four, three. 
 
 While such a hand might take one or two tricks 
 at a club declaration and could take none at 
 spades, It should always be remembered that at a 
 score of love-all, the adversaries cannot win game 
 at a doubled spade, while at a doubled club this is 
 not the case. 
 
 PLAY TO PROBABILITIES. 
 
 The player is certain to win in the long run 
 whose declarations and play are in accordance 
 with the probabilities. When you hold but one 
 honor in any suit there are eighty-two chances 
 m a hundred that your partner will hold one or 
 more honors, forty-one chances that he will hold 
 two or more, nme chances that he will hold three 
 or more, and one chance that he will hold all four 
 honors in that suit. 
 
 When you hold two honors in a given suit the 
 chances for your partner's holding remaining 
 honors are seventy-two in a hundred for one or 
 more, twenty-five in a hundred for two or more 
 three in a hundred for all three. 
 
 When you have three honors in a suit there are 
 htty-six chances in a hundred of your partner 
 hoxding one or more, and ten chances in a hun- 
 dred that he will hold both the remaining honors 
 Most players are apt to doubt the recognized 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 15 
 
 authorities on the game when they have been 
 particularly fortunate or unfortunate with dec- 
 larations of a certain character three or four 
 times in sequence. At no game is it so unsafe to 
 create rules as the result of a few deals' ex- 
 perience as at bridge. 
 
16 BRIDGE 'tHAO' WINS. 
 
 DOUBLING. 
 
 The most dangerous pitfall at bridge, for ex- 
 perienced players as well as beginners, is the 
 temptation to double. Perhaps the next greatest 
 pitfall, although not nearly so deep as the first, 
 is timidity in doubling. 
 
 The rules for doubling, as given by most au- 
 thors, are as follows: 
 
 Double the make: At no trumps, when you 
 have six sure tricks and a probable seventh ; at 
 spades, when holding four tricks and a probable 
 fifth ; at hearts, diamonds, or clubs, when having 
 five tricks and a possible sixth. 
 
 These rules do not cover the case, as players 
 can seldom be positive which cards in their 
 hands are certain to take tricks. 
 
 A suit of three headed by ace, king, can usually 
 be depended upon for two tricks. With four in 
 the suit the second trick becomes doubtful, and 
 when there are more than five in the suit it can- 
 not always be depended upon even for one trick. 
 
 On considering whether to double a make, very 
 little importance should be given such suits as 
 queen and two small cards; queen, jack and one 
 small card, however, can usually be relied upon 
 either to take a trick, or to prevent the dealer 
 from securing a discard. 
 
 The most important consideration in doubling 
 is the score. When the odd trick will give you 
 game, do not double except with seven or more 
 
BRIDGE THAI" WINS. 17 
 
 absolutely certain tricks in your hand. When the 
 odd trick means game to the dealer, but not to 
 yourself, you are warranted in taking dangerous 
 risks to raise the value of that odd trick. 
 
 For instance, when the dealer declares hearts, 
 the leader, holding ace, jack, ten, deuce of hearts, 
 seven of spades, ace, king, ten, eight, six of dia- 
 monds, and ace, jack, trey of clubs, should 
 double, although it is extremely likely that his 
 diamonds cannot be trusted for two tricks. 
 
 Score, — 24; hearts declared by dealer, and 
 leader, holding same hand as above, except that 
 the club suit is ace, king, queen, should not 
 double. 
 
 The score love all and the dealer declares 
 hearts; leader, holding hearts, king, jack, ten, 
 five, spades, jack, five, diamonds, ace, jack, five, 
 four, and clubs, king, queen, six, should double ; 
 with the declaration at his left, however, he 
 would not be warranted in doubling. 
 
 Score love all and hearts declared: Leader, 
 holding hearts, king, five, spades, ace, king, 
 queen, five, diamonds, ace, queen, four, and 
 clubs, ace, king, ten, six, should double whether 
 the trump is declared at his right or left. With 
 such a holding he should be able to prevent the 
 weak trump hand from securing the lead at all, 
 and be almost certain of winning a trick wnth 
 the trump king. 
 
 Score love-all and dealer declares hearts ; 
 leader, holding hearts, king, jack, nine, seven, 
 five, three, two, spades, ten, four, three, diamonds, 
 five, and clubs, nine, three, should not double. 
 
18 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 The number of his trumps is a snare, as the cards 
 in the plain suits would be picked off at once and 
 the leader forced to lead trumps two or three 
 times. 
 
 At no trump, suits of six or more headed by 
 ace, king, queen, must be treated as established, 
 although it sometimes happens that another 
 player is able to win the fourth round, thereby 
 blocking the suit. However, with a seven card 
 suit headed by ace, king, queen, or a six-card 
 suit of that character and the ace of another suit, 
 leader should never hesitate to double at no trump. 
 With less than seven certain tricks, however, it 
 must always be remembered that the dealer is apt 
 to have a long, established suit on his part. 
 
 Pone should double a no-trump declaration 
 with an established heart suit of six or more, or 
 with the ace of hearts and another established 
 suit of six ; or he should double holding six hearts 
 which may be established in one round, and two 
 re-entries in the other suits. 
 
 Spade declarations are of two distinct kinds — 
 those which are made by the dummy from gen- 
 eral weakness and those which are made by either 
 dealer or dummy when they hope to win game 
 on that declaration. The latter, the opponents 
 should be chary about doubling; the former and 
 more common spade declaration is the one which 
 it most frequently profits the adversaries to 
 double when the score is not in question. 
 
 Either leader or pone should double a spade 
 declaration with hands equal to any of the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 19 
 
 Spades, queen, eight, four, deuce ; hearts, ace, 
 king, four; ckibs, king, jack, trey; diamonds, 
 jack, ten, deuce. 
 
 Spades, ace, king, eight, four; hearts, queen, 
 jack, trey; clubs, king, ten, deuce; diamonds, 
 queen, four, trey. 
 
 Spades, eight, four; hearts, ace, jack, six, 
 deuce; clubs, ace, king, jack; diamonds, ace, 
 queen, four, trey. 
 
 Spades, king, ten, eight, four, two; hearts, 
 jack,' four; clubs, king, queen, three; diamonds, 
 eight, four, two. 
 
 Jt is evident that players who ahvays win when 
 they double must miss many opportunities and 
 lose a great many more points in the aggregate 
 than would result from an occasional double 
 which went wrong. 
 
 Timidity in doubling frequently loses games, 
 although, of course, it is never responsible for 
 such sensational losses as is overboldness. How- 
 ever, players cannot expect to win who do not 
 make the most of their opportunities. The follow- 
 ing is a case in point : 
 
 No trump was declared by dealer and pone 
 doubled, of course, to secure the heart lead. The 
 cards held by dummy were hearts, ace ; spades, 
 queen, five, tw^o ; diamonds, ace, jack, three ; 
 clubs, queen, jack, ten, seven, six, deuce. 
 He did not redouble, his excuse being 
 that pone might have a re-entry to bring 
 in the heart suit. Such timidity is expen- 
 sive. Knowing that the dealer was weak in 
 hearts, dummy should have given him credit for 
 
20 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 nearly all the missing honors in the other three 
 suits. As it was, dealer scored a grand slam at 
 24, but should have scored the same number of 
 tricks at 48, the difference amounting to an aver- 
 age rubber. 
 
 When a spade make has been redoubled, the 
 most important suit to consider is clubs. This is 
 a feature of the game with which only a small 
 proportion of experienced players are familiar, 
 and therefore requires some explanation. 
 
 Supposing dummy has declared spades, the 
 leader doubles and either dummy or dealer re- 
 doubles. With the ace and king of clubs, pone is 
 safe in again redoubling, and if he has confidence 
 in his partner may do so with two probable 
 trick in the club suit, such as ace, jack, ten. With 
 a weak club suit the leader would not double 
 without some strength in trumps, so it is alto- 
 gether unlikely the dealer can acquire the odd 
 trick with trumps alone, and the leader must have 
 the red suits securely under control. 
 
 Almost invariably when disaster overtakes a 
 player who has doubled a spade make, it is owing 
 to the fact that the dealer or dummy is able to 
 bring in a suit of clubs and trump the red suits 
 on the first or second round. There is naturally 
 little danger of dealer or dummy bringing in a 
 long red suit on a spade declaration which has 
 been doubled. 
 
 When leader and pone have a score of 22 or 
 24 and have not won a game, it is advisable to 
 double spade declarations, if there seems a rea- 
 sonable chance of winning, in order to secure 
 the first deal on the next game. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 21 
 
 If the dealer is 22 or 24, however, it is unwise 
 to double spades, except with an unusually strong 
 hand, including fair strength in the trump suit. 
 
22 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS FOR GOOD PLAY BY 
 THE DEALER. 
 
 First of all, the dealer should know how many 
 tricks are necessary to win the game, study 
 his own hand in connection with that of the 
 dummy and plan his whole line of play to secure 
 that number, if possible. He must also learn to 
 revise his plans quickly during the progress of the 
 deal should an unusual distribution of cards in 
 the hands of the adversaries develop. 
 
 RE-ENTRY CARDS NEED STUDY. 
 
 Study carefully which hand has the greater 
 need of re-entry cards, and when a trick can be 
 won equally wetl on either side, preserve the card 
 of re-entry where it will be most useful. Do not 
 be in a hurry to extract trumps simply because 
 you can do so. Unless you have a suit to bring 
 in after trumps are exhausted, it is wiser to de- 
 velop the suit first, or, if possible, to rufif the 
 hand which is weak in trumps. 
 
 When both hands are strong in trumps, how- 
 ever, such as five in one hand and four in the 
 other, it is always wise to take one or two rounds, 
 as enough will be left for ruffing purposes, 
 unless there is a good cross rufif in sight at the 
 beginning. 
 
 When holding king, queen and small cards in 
 one hand and only two or three small cards of 
 the suit in the other, always lead toward the king 
 
BRIDGE THAO^ WINS. 23 
 
 and queen. If the first trick is held by the queen, 
 abandon the suit until you can lead through the 
 ace a second time. 
 
 Holding queen and small cards of a suit in 
 one hand and ace and one or more small cards in 
 the other, avoid the suit, if possible, and encour- 
 age the adversaries to lead it. When forced to 
 play it, however, win the first trick with the ace 
 and return, hoping to find the king at the right of 
 the queen. 
 
 In playing no trump hands it is profitable to 
 bring in a long suit early in the deal, forcing the 
 adversaries to ruinous discards. 
 
 Conceal from them as long as possible the sec- 
 ondary suit which you may also hope to make. 
 The dealer, for instance, had declared no trump, 
 and won the second round of diamonds, which' 
 the adversaries opened. The dummy disclosed a 
 five card suit of spades, of which the dealer had 
 three, and these five tricks he immediately pro- 
 ceeded to make. The other cards held by the 
 dealer were as follows: Clubs, ace, king, jack, 
 eight, six, three ; hearts, ace, four. Knowing 
 that he must make two discards, the dealer should 
 discard a club, in order to create the impression 
 that he intends to play for the heart suit. 
 
 His second discard, of course, would be the 
 small heart, but in the meantime he is likely to 
 have induced one or more discards of clubs. 
 
 Again, the dealer has declared no trump, hold- 
 ing the following cards : Spades, king, queen, 
 jack, five, four, two; hearts, ace, jack; clubs, ace, 
 five, three; diamonds, nine, seven. The leader 
 
24 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 and his partner took the first four tricks with 
 diamonds, exhausting that suit. The dealer 
 should discard two small spades from his own 
 hand, and either a small spade or club from the 
 dummy, it being of the first importance to induce 
 the opponents, if possible, to lead spades before 
 taking out the ace of clubs. Should the club suit 
 be divided between the adversaries, a spade 
 would almost certainly be led. 
 
 ALWAYS KNOW THE SCORE. 
 
 It is impossible for one to become a success- 
 ful bridge player who does not at all times keep 
 himself fully informed regarding the score, both 
 as to points and games. 
 
 The dealer and his partner must know how 
 many points they need for game and whether the 
 advantage of position is with them or with the 
 adversaries. As a general rule, be conservative 
 when ahead and daring when behind, but take 
 any reasonable chance that may possibly win in 
 the rubber game. 
 
 The leader and his partner must likewise know 
 the score before the play begins, as the question 
 of doubling usually hinges on the score more than 
 upon any other consideration. After the play be- 
 gins all the players must constantly bear in mind 
 how many tricks are necessary to prevent the ad- 
 versaries from going game ; and also how many 
 are needed to secure game for themselves. 
 
 A knowledg^e of the score wall save players 
 from making risky no trump declarations when 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 25 
 
 the game could be easily won with a declared 
 trump. 
 
 One of the most important rules of bridge is to 
 learn to acquire game when possible and not to 
 consider additional points until it is impossible 
 for the adversaries to prevent your securing the 
 game. 
 
 Tricks are not of equal value at bridge, as a 
 few points lost at a critical time may make a dif- 
 ference of several hundred in the result of a rub- 
 ber. When the game is safe beyond question it 
 is worth while taking long chances to secure a 
 small or grand slam. 
 
 i\t no trump it is nearly always best for the 
 dealer to play immediately for the suit which is 
 longest in the two hands combined. Preference 
 should always be given to suits which are headed 
 by a sequence, such as king, jack, and small cards 
 in one hand, queen and small cards in the other. 
 When ace, queen, jack, or king, jack, ten are held 
 between the dealer and dummy, the lead should 
 always be toward the tenace. 
 
 At no-trump, if the dealer can only wnn one 
 trick in the first suit opened, it is usually wise to 
 refrain from winning it, if possible, until the part- 
 ner of the leader plays his last card in that suit. 
 This play should not be made, however, when 
 there is another suit in which neither dealer nor 
 dummy has any protection; nor would there be 
 any reason for holding up, if dealer could see 
 that he could take nearly all the tricks without 
 finessing. 
 
 When one of the opponents has an established 
 
26 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 suit, of which his partner is void, dealer should 
 always finesse, when possible, toward the latter. 
 When there are nine cards in one suit held be- 
 tween dealer and dummy, including ace and king, 
 but not the queen, it is usually better to play the 
 ace and king on the first two rounds. 
 
BRIDGE THAl^ WINS. 27 
 
 SUGGESTIONS FOR GOOD PLAY BY 
 THE NON-DEALERS. 
 
 Original leads when no trump is declared: 
 
 Ace is led — From suits of six or more, which are headed 
 by A, Q, J, or by A, Q, and when you have a cer- 
 tain re-entry. 
 
 King is led — From A, K, Q and others. 
 From K, Q, J and others. 
 From A, K, J and three or more small cards. 
 From A, K and five or more small cards. 
 From K, Q, 10 and others. 
 From K, Q and five or more small cards. 
 From K, Q and two small cards. 
 
 Queen is led — From Q, J, 10 and others. 
 From Q, J, 9 and others. 
 
 Jack is led — From A, Q, J and others. 
 From J, 10, 9 and others. 
 
 Ten is led — From K, J, 10 and others. 
 
 Fourth best is led from all combinations not 
 given above. 
 
 There are two good reasons for leading the 
 king from king, queen, and two others. The first 
 is that your partner may be longer in the suit 
 than yourself, and the other that the adversaries 
 may be. After one round of such a suit it is 
 frequently found better to play for some other 
 suit. 
 
 Original leads against a declared trump: 
 
 Ace is led — From A, K only. 
 
 From all combinations headed by the ace with- 
 out the king. 
 
28 BrIdg:^ o^hao^ wins. 
 
 King is led — From A, K and others. 
 
 From K, Q with or without others. 
 
 Queen is led — From Q, J, 10, with or without others. 
 From Q, J and one. 
 
 Jack is led — From J, 10 and others. 
 
 Fourth best is led from all other combinations. 
 
 Lead the top of a two-card suit. 
 
 Lead the top of a three-card suit unless headed 
 by king or queen. 
 
 It is always best to lead from an ace-king suit 
 against a declared trump if possible. Next in 
 effectiveness is a king-queen suit, and after that, 
 a singleton. 
 
 It is considered bad play, and with some rea- 
 son, to underlead an ace against a declared 
 trump, although opinion on this question is not 
 nearly so unanimous as formerly. Except as a 
 last resort, however, do not open a suit consist- 
 ing of ace and three small cards, as by so doing 
 you are apt to establish good cards for one of the 
 adversaries. 
 
 Examples of opening leads against a declared 
 trump : 
 
 Hearts declared and leader's hand as follows: 
 Hearts, jack, nine, four, two; spades, seven; 
 clubs, queen, ten, six, four ; diamonds, ace, queen, 
 nine, three. 
 
 The four of clubs should be led; it is nearly 
 always unwise to lead a singleton when holding 
 four trumps, and equally unwise to lead from a 
 suit headed by the major tenace. 
 
 Hearts declared and leader's hand as follows: 
 Hearts, seven, three, two; spades, seven; clubs, 
 
BRIDGE "TBiAT WINS. 29 
 
 eight, six, five, two; diamonds, ja*ck, eight, five, 
 four, three. 
 
 The singleton spade should be led ; leader can 
 take no tricks unless he ruffs the spade suit, and 
 it is extremely improbable that pone unaided can 
 prevent dealer from winning the game. 
 
 Hearts declared by dealer and leader's hand as 
 follows : 
 
 Hearts, king, jack, eight, three; spades, seven; 
 clubs, queen, five; diamonds, ace, king, queen, 
 nine, six, two. 
 
 Leader should open diamonds, and if possible 
 ruff dealer at every opportunity. 
 
 Hearts declared by dummy and leader's hand 
 as follows : 
 
 Hearts, seven, two; spades, ace, queen, nine, 
 four; clubs, king, queen, nine; diamonds, ace, 
 jack, nine, five. 
 
 Leader should lead trumps, expecting his part- 
 ner to lead up to the weakest suit in the dummy 
 should pone hold the trump trick. 
 
 Hearts declared and leader's hand as follows: 
 
 Hearts, ace, three, two ; spades, seven ; clubs, 
 ace, king, queen, nine, two ; diamonds, jack, seven, 
 six, three. 
 
 Leader should open with the singleton spade. 
 Holding the ace of trumps the lead is perfectly 
 safe, and he can run with his club suit later. With 
 three indifferent trumps, however, the club suit 
 should be started at once. 
 
 Hearts declared and leader's hand as follows : 
 
 Hearts, jack, seven, four ; spades, queen, six, 
 four, two; clubs, jack, six; diamonds, ace, ten, 
 five, two. 
 
30 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 The jack of clubs should be led. If the club suit 
 consisted of two small cards it would still be the 
 proper suit to open in this case. 
 
 RULE OF ELEVEN. 
 
 The eleven rule, adapted from the game of 
 whist, is used in connection with the lead of the 
 fourth best card from all suits in which the leader 
 has any combination from which to lead an honor. 
 
 Subtract the number of the card led from 
 eleven and the difference will represent the num- 
 ber of cards held by other players than the leader 
 which are higher than the led card. For in- 
 stance : The seven of spades is led ; dummy has 
 queen, nine, four ; you hold ace, ten, deuce ; the 
 dealer cannot have any higher card than the 
 seven, as the four above the seven are all in 
 sight. 
 
 Against a no-trump declaration a small card 
 led should always be fourth best, and pone can 
 reckon upon it absolutely. 
 
 Against a declared trump, however, there is 
 always the further chance that the card led may 
 be a singleton or the top of a two-card suit. 
 
 The lead of the fourth best has the further 
 advantage of enabling the leader's partner to de- 
 termine absolutely how many of the suit the 
 leader held by the subsequent play of cards 
 smaller than that originally led, each lower card 
 proclaiming one more than four in the suit 
 originally. 
 
BRIDGK THAI' WIXS. 31 
 
 THE DISCARD. 
 
 Discard from weakness or from the suit which 
 you do not w^ant your partner to lead. This will 
 be found in the long run a great trick winner over 
 the discard from strength, which was formerly 
 recommended by many good players. When it 
 is evident that your partner is protecting one 
 suit you are safe in discarding that if you have 
 an honor to guard in another. 
 
 When holding command of a suit — that is, the 
 ace or the king behind an ace exposed by dummy 
 — inform your partner as quickly as possible by 
 the reverse discard — that is, playing an unneces- 
 sarily high card and following with the smaller, 
 such as a five followed by the trey. This enables 
 your partner to discard from that suit with im- 
 punity and to keep cards in other suits which 
 may be trick winners. 
 
 Above all things, avoid discarding a singleton, 
 or the last card in any suit, because in so doing 
 your partner's holding is immediately betrayed 
 to the dealer when that suit is led. 
 
 It is often wise also, when there is little pros- 
 pect of your taking any tricks in the deal, to 
 cling tenaciously to tw^o or three little cards of the 
 suit in order to deceive the dealer into taking a 
 finesse on the wrong side. 
 
 Some authorities claim that the discard from 
 strength should be used in bridge for the same 
 reasons which make it advisable in whist. The 
 fallacy of this is obvious when it is remembered 
 that in whist the strongest suit card is always used 
 
32 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 when the trump strength is declared against you, 
 which cannot be the case when there is no trump. 
 Also, in bridge your strongest suit may consist of 
 only two or three cards from which you cannot 
 discard except at a loss. 
 
 USES OF REVERSE OR ECHO. 
 
 The echo or reverse is a prominent feature of 
 bridge, but many players find it perplexing, as it 
 conveys different information under different cir- 
 cumstances. 
 
 It consists merely in playing an unnecessarily 
 high card of a suit and a smaller card of that 
 suit on a subsequent trick. Against a declared 
 trump this means that the player using the echo 
 can ruff the third round of the suit, the negative 
 inference being that the player cannot rufif the 
 third round if he does not echo. 
 
 Cards above the ten must not be used in the 
 reverse. For instance, a player holding jack and 
 four only must play the four and then the jack, 
 which will mark him out of the suit. Were the 
 jack to be played first the leader would be cer- 
 tain to lead low the next time, giving dealer a 
 cheap trick. 
 
 Against a no-trump declaration the echo has 
 an entirelv different significance. In a general 
 way it indicates command of the suit, usually the 
 ace, but may be made by leader to indicate that 
 he can beat any card of that suit exposed by 
 dummy ; or it may be used by pone when hold- 
 ing the king of a suit of which the ace is exposed 
 by dummy. 
 
BRIDGE O^HAT wins. 33 
 
 Another and an important use of the echo in 
 no-trump deals, is to indicate strength in the 
 suit which your partner is leading. For instance, 
 suppose pone to hold a suit of queen, ten, seven, 
 six, two. If leader should start the king or ace 
 of that suit, pone should play the seven, and echo 
 with the deuce on the next round, to show his 
 partner beyond question that he had selected the 
 right suit. This situation more frequently occurs 
 when the leader has been forced to abandon his 
 original suit, and is guessing at his partner's best 
 holding. 
 
 Not less important than the direct information 
 thus given is the negative inference, which the 
 deuce would give on the first round, which w^ould 
 tell the leader to abandon the suit at once. 
 
 There is no call for trumps in bridge. 
 
 THE HEART CONVENTION. 
 
 When no-trump has been declared and the 
 player at the right of the dealer doubles, leader 
 should open his hand with his highest heart. 
 
 This is an arbitrary convention which is un- 
 sound in principle, but has come into such general 
 use that a knowledge of it is indispensable. 
 
 The player who doubles declares either an es- 
 tablished suit of hearts or the ace of hearts and 
 another established suit. 
 
 Many players do not use the heart convention, 
 and a player should always know in advance the 
 custom in this respect of the party in which he 
 finds himself. 
 
34 BRIDGE THAI" WINS. 
 
 After dummy's hand is exposed the play, of 
 course, must be adapted to circumstances. 
 Broadly speaking, you should aim always to lead 
 through strong suits and up to weak suits. There 
 are many exceptions, however, it being partic- 
 ularly unwise to broach a suit w^hich you are 
 liable to establish for dummy, to lead through 
 suits in which dummy has a sequence, such as 
 queen, jack, ten, or king, queen, jack; or to lead 
 chrough suits in which dummy has a tenace over 
 an honor in your ov/n hand. 
 
 In most cases experience and what is known 
 as card sense will soon correct your first mis- 
 takes. 
 
 LEADING TO TENACE. 
 
 When the dealer is leading toward a tenace 
 suit in the dummy the play of second hand is im- 
 portant, if the missing honor be in that position. 
 
 It is nearly always best to cover the jack or 
 queen led with the king, the ace being shown at 
 your left, except in the following instances : 
 
 First — When one more trick means game to the 
 dealer, and you know that he will refuse a finesse 
 in any event. 
 
 Second — When the king is several times 
 guarded and there are only one or tw^o small 
 cards with the ace. 
 
 Third — When it is obvious that by covering the 
 card led you establish the suit for the opponents. 
 For instance, dummy has ace, jack, ten and two 
 others of a suit; the queen is led by dealer, and 
 you have king and two or three small second in 
 
BRIDGE THA'T WINS. 35 
 
 hand. The best chance of stopping the suit is 
 that dealer has no more to lead, and it is useless 
 to cover. 
 
 SUPPORTING CARDS. 
 
 Covering supporting cards led with the queen 
 second in hand is a play which is much more 
 doubtful than covering with the king. Holding 
 queen and one or two small cards of a suit, the 
 king and small cards exposed at your left, and 
 the jack led at your right, it is best to cover, as 
 your partner may have the ten, and in any event 
 the dealer will almost certainly pass the jack, and 
 your partner's ace will be forced. 
 
 With ace, king, and others exposed at your 
 left, the jack led at your right, and your holding 
 queen and tw^o others, it is useless to cover when 
 there is a declared trump, as the dealer will not 
 take the finesse, even if allowed to do so. 
 
 At no-trump, however, if the dummy has 
 neither the ten of the suit led nor any card of 
 re-entry in other suits, it is best to cover, as 
 dealer may otherwise finesse, and your only hope 
 is that your partner may be able to stop the suit 
 on the third round. 
 
 Avoid leading away from a king when either 
 the queen or ace of that suit is exposed by 
 dummy. If the ace is held by the other adversary, 
 you are certain to give them two tricks in the 
 suit and will probably lose your king. This rule 
 becomes inoperative. 
 
 First — When there is a strong reason against 
 leading either of the other suits. 
 
36 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 Second — When your partner by his discards 
 has indicated strength in that particular suit. 
 
 Third — When it is impossible to save game 
 unless your partner has the ace of the suit in ques- 
 tion, when you must assume that he has it and 
 play accordingly. 
 
 None of the three contingencies mentioned is 
 apt to develop early in the deal, and, therefore, 
 such a suit is to be avoided as long as possible. 
 
 When the ace, queen of a plain suit are ex- 
 posed and leader, holding the king guarded, 
 knows that in all probability the dealer will make 
 a finesse which must win, it is a favorite ruse of 
 many players to lead through the tenace at 
 once, in order to frighten dealer into going up 
 with the ace, fearing that the lead is short. The 
 play is more apt to be successful if the ace and 
 queen are at the head of a long suit. 
 
 When the king and two or three small cards 
 of a suit are exposed, it is often profitable to 
 underlead the ace, and by having the queen win 
 third hand, secure two tricks in the suit. This 
 play should never be made if dealer has named 
 the trump and there are more than seven cards 
 of the suit in the hands of leader and dummy. 
 
 When a trump has been declared by dealer 
 beware of suits in which the dummy is short. 
 For instance : 
 
 Dealer has declared hearts and leader won first 
 trick with the king of diamonds, dummy having 
 exposed the following cards : Hearts, ten, five, 
 deuce ; spades, king, nine, six, five ; clubs, king, 
 queen, seven, four; diamonds, six, three; leader 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 37 
 
 must shift to the spade suit before making the 
 ace of diamonds, as otherwise he would put the 
 dealer in a position to rufif dummy immediately. 
 
 Beware of a suit in wdiich dummy is long. For 
 instance : 
 
 Dealer had declared hearts and leader's cards 
 were as follows : Hearts, nine, seven, three ; 
 spades, queen, ten, five, deuce ; diamonds, ace, 
 king, jack, four; clubs, ace, nine. King of dia- 
 monds was led and the following cards exposed 
 by dummy : Hearts, ten, five ; spades, ace, nine, 
 six ; diamonds, six, three, two ; clubs, king, 
 queen, jack, seven, four. The deuce of spades 
 should follow the king of diamonds, in order to 
 force the ace of spades out of dummy before the 
 club suit is established ; otherwise leader and 
 pone might never take a trick in spades, although 
 holding all the honors except the ace. 
 
 The way in which whist players who have 
 taken up bridge finesse ace, queen, is most ab- 
 surd. In whist this finesse is taken so regularly 
 that players learn to do so unconsciously, with- 
 out stopping to consider the object, which is, of 
 course, to finesse against a possible king at right. 
 But at bridge we frequently observe the player 
 at the left of dummy finessing ace, queen, when 
 it can be seen that the king of the suit is not in the 
 djLimmy. 
 
 HONORS WITH PARTNER. 
 
 At no-trump, when the declaration has been 
 made by the dealer and dummy lays down a long 
 suit headed by a couple of honors, if dealer at- 
 
38 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 tempts to establish a suit numerically inferior to 
 that upon the table it is evident that your part- 
 ner must have the missing honors. 
 
 One of the most disastrous plays in bridge, 
 and one which is most stubbornly defended and 
 used by a majority of bridge players, is the lead 
 of ace from a suit of ace and three small cards 
 against a declared trump. 
 
 Perhaps the most remarkable thing connected 
 with this play is the fact that it is recommended 
 by most writers on the game, so that one must 
 not rashly attack the play without being abso- 
 lutely certain of one's position. The natural in- 
 stinct of every beginner at the game is to take 
 tricks as soon as possible, just as in the game of 
 whist beginners lose their aces at once and at 
 skat lead the jack of clubs at the first oppor- 
 tunity. 
 
 There are times, of course, when such a suit 
 must be opened against a declared trump as the 
 least of three evils, but such cases are extremely 
 rare. Players lead an ace to get a ''look at the 
 hand," but the ''look" is frequently of no value 
 whatever and rarely compensates for surren- 
 dering command of a suit. 
 
 When the dummy hand has been exposed, 
 leader and pone must adapt their leads to what- 
 ever peculiar proposition may be presented. A 
 few examples are given below: 
 
 UNBLOCKING. 
 
 A correct knowledge of the principle of un- 
 blocking is essential to every player of bridge. It 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 39 
 
 is used entirely by the non-dealers, of course, and 
 as its chief value is in no-trump deals, those deals 
 will be considered first. 
 
 When a suit is opened by one of the non-deal- 
 ers, his partner, holding four or more of the suit 
 and not attempting to win the trick, should play 
 his third best card to the first round of the suit, 
 and his second best card to the second, keeping 
 his smallest card to avoid blocking the leader, 
 should the latter have the greater number of cards 
 in that particular suit. 
 
 If it is discovered later that the original leader 
 of the suit has fewer cards in it than his partner, 
 the latter can easily block the suit later ; but in the 
 meantime he has given his partner valuable in- 
 formation and encouraged the continuance of the 
 suit in question. 
 
 For instance, no trump has been declared and 
 leader opens with the king of a suit, of which 
 pone holds ten, eight, seven and deuce ; the seven 
 should be played on the first trick and the eight 
 on the second, the deuce being retained for un- 
 blocking. 
 
 The leader, of course, could not be certain on 
 the first round of the suit that dealer did not hold 
 the deuce and false card. On the other hand, if 
 the deuce were played by pone to the first trick, 
 leader would know absolutely that pone did not 
 hold more than three cards in the suit, so that the 
 system has valuable negative as well as positive 
 inferences. 
 
 In some cases it is desirable not only to unblock 
 but to echo, as well, in the suit, as in the cases 
 illustrated below. 
 
40 BRIDGE I^HAT WINS. 
 
 The king being led by leader, pone holding 
 jack, ten, eight, seven and deuce, should play first 
 the eight and then the seven. Should leader have 
 four or more of the suit, it is likely the queen will 
 drop on the second round, and if he is merely lead- 
 ing a three-card suit in order to feel for his part- 
 ner's best holding, it is probably better to have the 
 suit continued and cleared at once. Should the 
 leader prove to have a very long suit, pone is still 
 in position to get out of the way, so long as the 
 small card is retained. 
 
 Supposing the first trick of the suit has been 
 w^on by the leader, pone may often give his part- 
 ner valuable information by discarding a smaller 
 card of the suit than the one he originally played, 
 thus enabling his partner to accurately place the 
 remaining cards of the suit. 
 
 UNBLOCKING WITH HONORS. 
 
 Holding queen, jack and a small card of a suit 
 which your partner opens with a king, the jack 
 should be played on the first trick. If he continue 
 wath the ace, the queen should unhesitatingly be 
 played, as leader must have a very long suit and 
 either hold the ten or be certain of catching it. 
 
 With king and one small card and the ace led 
 by your partner, play the king. With ace and 
 one small card and king led by your partner, over- 
 take with the ace and return the small card, unless 
 there should be three to the jack in the dummy. 
 Holding king and one small card and queen led 
 by your partner, play the king at once. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 41 
 
 Holding ace and one small card and the queen 
 played by your partner, play the ace and return 
 the small card unless the king is in the dummy at 
 your right. Even if the king is not in the dummy 
 and you have no good suit in your hand to de- 
 velop, it is often wise to overtake your partner's 
 queen and return small up to the king, in the 
 hope that your partner may have a re-entry with 
 which to make the remainder of the suit. 
 
 Another feature of this subject w^hich is often 
 of importance is that of unblocking for a possible 
 tenace in your partner's hand. Thus, holding ten 
 and one small and king led by your partner ; 
 dummy puts down ace and one small and the ace 
 is played on the king, your ten should be played 
 to the trick so that in returning your suit, if 
 dealer has the jack, your partner may be able 
 to finesse against it and perhaps pick it up on the 
 third round, if he holds the nine, whereas, if the 
 ten were returned and dealer did not cover your 
 partner's suit would be absolutely blocked. 
 
 This rule also applies when you hold jack and 
 one instead of ten and one, under the same cir- 
 cumstances. 
 
 It is only rarely that unblocking is of any value 
 when there is a declared trump, and until a player 
 has had a great deal of experience in the game 
 he should not attempt it at all. 
 
 Holding queen and one small of a suit in one 
 hand and jack and two small in the other, dealer 
 must always make a trick in the suit, provided he 
 plays a small card second in hand every time. 
 Reversing the queen and jack does not, of course, 
 alter the proposition. 
 
42 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 When one hand contains queen and one small 
 card of a suit and the other ace, ten and one or 
 king, ten and one, dealer should never play the 
 queen second in hand, as by staying off he is sure 
 to take two tricks in that suit. 
 
 The same is true of jack and one or from any 
 combination of jack and one in one hand and ace, 
 ten and one, or king, ten and one in the other. 
 Reversing the jack and ten does not alter the 
 proposition. 
 
 LEADING UP TO DUMMY. 
 
 "^Holding A-Q-10 and J-X-X exposed; lead 
 the queen. 
 
 Holding A-J-9 or K-J-9 and 10-X-X exposed; 
 lead jack. 
 
 Holding A-J-10 and K-Q-X exposed; lead 10. 
 
 When practicable, in leading up to a weak 
 suit, lead a card higher than any which is ex- 
 posed. 
 
 Example: Holding K- 10-9-4; exposed, 8-3-2; 
 lead the nine. 
 
 In leading up to an ace and one or two small 
 cards, try to lead a card which will force the ace 
 if not covered by dealer. 
 
 IMPORTANCE OF MANNER. 
 
 Manner is of great importance in such a game 
 as bridge. While no condemnation is too strong 
 for dishonest mannerisms intended to deceive 
 your opponents as to your holding, it is important 
 not to go to the other extreme and betray your 
 holding by a manner too transparent. 
 
 * X means any small card in the suit. 
 
bridge: ^hao^ wins. 43 
 
 Supposing the dealer has led a jack from the 
 dummy, the second hand player, if he has no honor 
 in the suit, is using dishonest methods when he 
 studies for a time before playing ; this does not 
 make it necessary, however, for second hand in 
 the same position, except that he holds the king 
 or queen, to betray the fact by an unusual delay 
 in getting his small card down. 
 
 Such situations should be anticipated. A player 
 having a guarded honor, with a superior honor 
 exposed at his left, should decide before the suit 
 is broached at all w^hat is to be done in case a 
 supporting card is led through, so that the play 
 may be made w^th reasonable promptness when 
 the time comes. Players at the left of dummy 
 holding guarded honors with a supporting card 
 of the suit exposed on their right should likewise 
 map out their plays in that suit. 
 
 Learn to play smoothly and easily, without 
 any expression and as nearly as possible with the 
 same length of time for each play. 
 
 MANNERISMS. 
 
 There has never been a game in which man- 
 nerisms were so obnoxious as in bridge. In some 
 clubs a player in passing the make, naming the 
 trump, or doubling, must use exactly the phrasing 
 prescribed by the club. The only recourse, how- 
 ever, against a player with too instructive man- 
 nerisms is to refuse to play with him. For in- 
 stance, some players will pass the make with an 
 air of ineffable weariness, which, of course, in- 
 
44 BRIDGE I^HAT wins. 
 
 forms his partner that his entire hand is weak ; 
 other hands he will pass in a doubtful manner, 
 indicating that he has nearly a no-trump or red 
 declaration. 
 
 Such things are abominable, but of such 
 frequent occurrence that each coterie of players 
 should take measures to defend themselves 
 against the offenders. The original leader in 
 many hands is in honor bound to make up his 
 mind before the declaration whether he will 
 double spades, this being a question which he has 
 to decide so frequently. When the leader, after 
 a long study, asks pone if he may play, pone has 
 no moral right to double, even if his hand would 
 warrant it without the information given by his 
 partner's manner. It is not enough that a player 
 does not intend to give such information by his 
 manner; it is his duty, first, to know whether he 
 has any objectionable mannerisms, and in the 
 second place, to school himself carefully until 
 they are effaced. 
 
 THREE-HANDED BRIDGE ENJOYABLE. 
 
 The English game of three-handed bridge is 
 far more enjoyable and in every way superior 
 to the one commonly used in this country. The 
 method of playing is as follows : 
 
 The three players cut, the one cutting lowest 
 wanning the dummy for that hand, the next low- 
 est sitting at his left. After the deal is finished 
 the player at the right of the dealer moves one 
 seat to the right, sitting opposite the original 
 
BRIDGE THAOf WINS. 
 
 dealer, and the player at the left of the original 
 dealer has the dummy the second deal. 
 
 This is continued throughout the rubber, the 
 player at the right of the dealer moving one seat 
 to the right at the end of each deal. The scores 
 of each player are kept separately and the scor- 
 ing is the same as in four-handed bridge, with 
 this imiportant exception : 
 
 When the dealer loses one or more odd tricks 
 in the hand the value of the tricks lost is scored 
 by each of the other two, but scored as honors 
 and not in counting towards game. Each player 
 must win his games entirely on his own deals 
 when playing with the dummy. • 
 
 When the dealer does not wish to declare 
 trumps from his own hand he may pass the make 
 to the dummy, in which case the declaration is 
 determined by arbitrary rules, as follows : 
 
 If dummy's hand contains three or four aces 
 the declaration is no trump, otherwise the long- 
 est suit must be declared trump. Should there 
 be two suits of equal length, that one counting 
 the highest in pips must be chosen (an ace 
 counts eleven, king, queen, or jack ten each) ; if 
 there are two suits of equal length and strength 
 the most valuable must be declared. 
 
 When the make is passed by the dealer the 
 player at the right of the dealer looks at the cards 
 in the dummy and announces the trump in accord- 
 ance with the foregoing rule ; the player naming 
 the trump, however, is debarred from doubling in 
 that deal. 
 
 Fifty points are added to the score for each 
 
46 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 game won, with an additional fifty points for the 
 rubber game. Either of the adversaries may 
 double the make, as in four-handed bridge, but 
 the dealer may only redouble from his own hand. 
 Two-handed bridge is not worth a descrip- 
 tion ; it is, if possible, worse than two-handed 
 poker. 
 
ILLUSTRATIVE DEALS 
 
 Bridge is more easily learned by means of 
 illustrative deals than in any other manner. The 
 student of the game should lay out the cards, as 
 shown in the diagram at the top of each page, 
 and first play the deal through in his own fash- 
 ion. Afterward he should play it as it is played 
 in the book, and lastly turn to the comments. 
 
 By this means the principles underlying the 
 plays wall become fixed in his mind. This 
 methods of learning has as much advantage over 
 cramming the mind with endless rules as travel- 
 ing in a country has over studying a map. 
 
 The terms leader, dummy, pone and dealer 
 are used as more thoroughly identifying the dif- 
 ferent positions at the table than any other. 
 
 The card winning each trick is underlined. 
 
 The deals are not intended merely to illustrate 
 brilliant play. The correct method of play in 
 most of the situations w^hich occur in the average 
 game are fully shown. 
 
 47 
 
48 
 
 BRIDGE 1[^HAa^ wins, 
 
 
 DEAL NO. 1 
 
 
 
 DISCARDING 
 
 
 
 ± 
 
 Q lO 3 
 
 
 
 ¥ 
 
 A 9 7 
 
 
 
 ( 
 
 4k 
 
 A 9 7 5 
 A 5 4 
 
 
 
 4^ K 7 
 
 ^ K Q lO 8 6 
 
 ^976 
 
 UJ 
 
 z 
 o 
 a. 
 
 DEALER 
 
 r 
 PI 
 > 
 o 
 m 
 
 30 
 DUMMY 
 
 
 4k 8 6 4 
 1|P 4. 2 
 4k8 6 2 
 '^ K Q J lO 3 
 
 Score, love all. 
 
 4^ A J 9 5 2 
 ^ J 5 3 
 4k K J lO 
 
 ^82 
 
 Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ♦ k 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ♦ s 
 
 V3 
 
 94 
 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ♦,o 
 
 V2 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 2* 
 8* 
 6* 
 
 Va 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥'o 
 
 ,04 
 
 A* 
 9* 
 7* 
 
 ^^ 
 
 A4 
 
 J* 
 
 Dealer won the odd trick only. 
 
BRIDGB XHAT wins. 
 
 49 
 
 DEAL NO. 2 
 
 NOT TAKING THE LAST ROUND OF 
 
 AN ESTABLISHED SUIT. 
 
 7 5 
 
 K 8 5 
 4l K Q 5 4 
 ^ Q 8 4 2 
 
 $ 
 
 4|^ J 9 4 3 
 
 
 DEALER 
 
 A Q lo 2 
 
 fP A J 6 
 
 
 r 
 z > 
 
 ▼ Q lO 9 2 
 
 4k lO 7 2 
 
 
 O D 
 CL n 
 
 3 
 
 A 9 8 
 
 ^ A lO 6 
 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 ♦ 9 7 5 3 
 
 
 
 ▲ A K 8 6 
 
 
 
 fP 7 4 3 
 
 
 Score, love all. 
 
 Dealer j 
 
 4l A J 6 3 
 
 ^ K J 
 
 )assed and dun: 
 
 imy declared no trump 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 V2 
 8* 
 
 ♦s 
 
 ♦ 7 
 
 ¥q 
 
 ¥4. 
 
 A* 
 
 ¥a 
 
 2* 
 
 7* 
 10* 
 
 ▼ 6 
 
 ♦a 
 
 ♦10 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥k 
 
 4* 
 
 •J 4k 
 
 3* 
 
 ♦ k 
 
 ¥7 
 
 ♦2 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ♦:♦ 
 
 ♦s 
 ♦q 
 
 ♦9 
 
 Q4k 
 
 a4 
 
 Dealer scored 24 by cards. 
 
50 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 
 DEAL NO. 3 
 
 
 REFUSAL TO RUFF. 
 
 
 ^ A J 10 5 3 
 
 
 
 ^ K J 10 5 2 
 
 
 
 *3 
 
 
 
 
 4 Q 10 
 
 
 
 ^9872 
 
 
 DEALER 
 
 
 ♦ •< 
 
 ^984 
 
 
 r 
 z > 
 
 
 ^073 
 
 4l K 6 5 4 
 
 
 D 
 
 
 4k A Q J 10 3 
 
 474 
 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 
 ^ K J 9 3 
 
 
 i 
 
 (jk064. 
 
 
 
 VA6 
 
 
 
 ♦ 9 7 2 
 
 
 
 4 A 8 6 5 2 
 
 
 Score 8-12. Dealer 
 
 decla 
 
 red hearts. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 A* 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥A 
 
 5* 
 2* 
 
 3* 
 
 5L5 
 
 J* 
 V3 
 
 10* 
 
 ¥7 
 
 3* 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ^5 
 
 34 
 
 ¥-• 
 
 A^ 
 
 ♦ A 
 
 ^6 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ^4 
 
 
 Dealer scored 24 by cards. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 51 
 
 DEAL NO. 4 
 UNWISE DOUBLING. 
 
 4j^ lO 7 6 4- 
 
 ^ K J 9 
 
 ♦ Q J 7 
 
 ^ A 9 4< 
 
 ^AQIOS 64-3 
 4il 8 3 
 ^ Q lO 8 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 ^752 
 
 4k A K 10 9 5 
 
 ^ K J 7 6 
 
 4|^AKQJ953 
 
 M None 
 
 ^532 
 
 No trump declared by Dummy and doubled to ^68. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 K* 
 
 2* 
 ♦ 2 
 
 3* 
 ¥A 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥7 
 
 A* 
 
 8* 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 ♦ lO 
 
 ¥6 
 ¥8 
 
 ¥'o 
 ¥q 
 
 ¥2 
 ¥5 
 
 J^k 
 
 ¥•< 
 
 104 
 ^4 
 
 ¥-> 
 
 
 ^4 
 
 
 Dealer secured four by cards at 768 points each. 
 
52 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 5 
 WHEN DEALER SHOULD QUIT A 
 
 SUIT. 
 4 A J 2 
 Q lO 
 ASS 
 ^ K J lO 7 3 
 
 I 
 
 4^ 9 5 3 
 
 XA 6 3 
 J 7 6 4- 
 ▲ 852 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4 10 4 
 
 XK J 9 8 4 
 K 9 5 2 
 ▲ U 6 
 
 4j^ K Q 8 7 6 
 
 X7 5 2 
 Q lO 
 ▲ A 9 4 
 
 Dealer declared no trumi 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ■^4 
 
 y2 
 
 ^4 
 
 y4 
 
 2* 
 ys 
 
 y9 
 
 ^4 
 
 ys 
 ye 
 
 •'^ 
 
 yo 
 
 a4 
 
 •<♦ 
 
 ^4 
 io4k 
 
 ♦ •^ 
 
 A10 
 A* 
 
 9* 
 yK 
 
 MIO 
 8* 
 
 J* 
 
 
 Dealer scored 36 by cards. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 53 
 
 DEAL NO. 
 
 6 
 
 A RUFFING GAME. 
 
 y KQ 6 
 ♦ 5 3 
 
 
 . 
 
 ^ A K J IC 
 
 > 74 
 
 4 A87 
 
 DEALER 
 
 4^ 9 5 4 3 2 
 
 y A lO 9 7 4 2 
 4il A4 
 
 LEADER 
 3NOd 
 
 4k K 9 8 7 
 
 ^86 
 
 i 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 ^952 
 
 (k K J lO 6 
 
 y J 8 3 
 4k J 10 6 2 
 
 
 i 
 
 ^ Q 3 
 
 
 Dealer declared diamonds. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 
 ^3 
 
 ¥« 
 
 2* 
 
 •<♦ 
 J* 
 
 «J^ 
 
 ¥« 
 ¥Q 
 
 3* 
 
 ^10 
 
 
 3* 
 
 A* 
 
 7* 
 
 4.* 
 
 9* 
 
 ^9 
 
 *lZ 
 
 #^ 
 
 *J1 
 
 *^ 
 
 
 Dealer lost the odd trick and scored 54 by honors. 
 
54 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 7 
 VALUE OF CLOSE COUNTING. 
 
 4j^ 10 6 3 
 if A Q 4- 
 4fe K 10 9 7 4 
 ^109 
 
 IjP K J 
 4I1 A J 
 ^KU87654- 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^^7 4- 
 
 ^7532 
 
 4^ Q 8 6 5 3 2 
 
 ^ None 
 
 4j^ A Q J 8 5 
 if 10 9 8 6 
 
 g|| None 
 
 ^ A J 3 2 
 
 Score, 0-18, rubber sranie. No trnnip declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 2 
 3 
 
 5* 
 
 ¥6 
 ¥8 
 
 A* 
 
 4* 
 
 24 
 
 'o4 
 
 4 
 
 ■^4 
 
 Q4 
 
 ^4 
 
 ^4 
 
 5 
 
 •<♦ 
 
 A4k 
 
 ♦^ 
 
 3* 
 
 6 
 
 V2 
 
 J* 
 
 ♦ 5 
 
 ¥4 
 
 7 
 
 V3 
 
 84k" 
 
 ♦ 6 
 
 ♦ 9 
 
 8 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥.0 - 
 
 ¥j 
 
 ¥q 
 
 9 
 
 ¥v 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 
 la 
 
 3* 
 
 8* 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ j 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ♦ 8 
 
 ♦q 
 
 9* 
 
 ♦10 
 
 7* 
 
 Q* 
 
 Dealer scored 48 by cards and 30 by honors. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 55 
 
 DEAL NO. 8 
 
 PLANNING PLAY OF THE ENTIRE 
 
 DEAL. 
 
 4|k A J lO 8 43 
 y J 7 3 
 ♦ k lO 
 
 ^94 
 
 ^ A Q 9 6 5 
 4k Q 9 6 3 2 
 
 ♦ as 
 
 DEALER 
 
 r 
 UJ m 
 Z > 
 
 o o 
 
 Q. m 
 DUMMY 
 
 ^9765 
 ^ 10 2 
 i A J 8 5 
 ^ lO 7 2 
 
 1^ K 8 4 
 4i|74 
 
 *K Q J 6 5 3 
 e tni 
 
 Score, 8-12. Dealer passed the make and dummy declared diamonds 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥2 
 A* 
 
 ¥'* 
 ¥8 
 
 ¥K 
 
 ¥Q 
 
 ¥A 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥7 
 
 A* 
 
 
 ¥J 
 
 ¥ = 
 
 3* 
 2* 
 
 ¥6 
 ¥9 
 
 J4k 
 
 ^4 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ ^ 
 
 ♦ 6 
 
 
 I^eader and pone won the odd trick. 
 
56 
 
 BRIDGK THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 9 
 TEMPTING A LOSING DISCARD, 
 
 ^10 9 8 4 
 ^863 
 
 ^ Q J 6 2 
 
 4^ A KQ 
 ^ K J 10 
 4^ 8 2 
 ^ A K 9 4 3 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ 76 
 ^7542 
 JjL 7 6 5 3 
 ▲ 10 8 5 
 
 4^ J 5 3 2 
 
 ^ A Q 9 
 
 4^ A K Q J lO 
 
 Score, love-all. No trump was declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 4,0 
 3* 
 
 ^2 
 
 ¥^ 
 ¥5 
 
 34 
 -•♦ 
 54k 
 
 A* 
 
 MIP 
 
 ¥2 
 
 ¥« 
 
 ¥« 
 .o4k 
 
 ±^ 
 
 *J^ 
 
 A4k 
 
 •<♦ 
 
 Q4 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥ii 
 
 K* 
 
 
 lO* 
 
 9A 
 
 ¥Q 
 
 
 lycader and pone secured the odd trick. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WIN3. 
 
 57 
 
 
 
 DEAL NO. 10 
 
 
 DISADVANTAGE OF OPENING SUITS. 
 
 
 
 4 AQ5 
 
 
 
 
 y A lO 8 2 
 ♦ 8 5 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ A 10 5 
 
 
 
 4^ K 8 4 
 
 
 DEALER 
 
 
 ^ J 7 2 
 
 ^Q6 
 
 
 
 u m 
 z > 
 
 
 M K 9 7 5 3 
 
 ♦ K J 4 
 
 
 
 O D 
 Q. m 
 
 7i 
 
 
 4t AQ 7 
 
 ^ K 8 7 6 
 
 2 
 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 
 4J3 
 
 ( 
 
 4 lO 9 6 2 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 4k lO 9 6 2 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 ^ Q 9 4 
 
 
 
 Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥5 
 
 5^ 
 
 9* 
 
 
 *^ 
 
 3* 
 ^2 
 
 ♦ A 
 
 ^6 
 
 
 8* 
 ^10 
 
 5* 
 
 yio 
 
 ys 
 
 ^9 
 
 ■^4 
 
 ys 
 
 lO* 
 
 104 
 
 ^4 
 
 Dealer secured 36 by cards and game. 
 
58 
 
 BRIDGE THA'T WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 11 
 
 REFUSING TO WIN THE FIRST ROUND 
 
 OF YOUR OWN SUIT. 
 
 4^ A 8 3 2 
 
 4t K Q 6 4 
 ^ A Q 2 
 
 4^ K J 10 
 ^ Q J 9 
 4k A 8 5 2 
 ^ J 9 5 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4k 9 65 
 
 ^ A K 8 4 2 
 
 4k lO 9 3 
 
 4 Q74 
 ^ 10 6 3 
 
 ^ K lO 8 6 3 
 
 ^74 
 Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 V3 
 
 ¥2 
 
 ¥•< 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥-^ 
 
 ¥Q 
 ¥J 
 
 A* 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥'o 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 J* 
 ♦ •< 
 
 ^♦• 
 
 q4 
 
 ¥5 
 
 6* 
 
 ¥A 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 3* 
 
 ^4 
 
 104k 
 
 
 Dealer scored 48 by cards and 30 by honors. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 59 
 
 DEAL NO. 12 
 KEEPING A SMALL TRUMP TO RE- 
 ENTER PARTNER. 
 
 4|^ J 9 5 4- 
 y K J 9 6 4- 
 4l K 8 6 
 
 4^ A Q 
 
 1^ A Q lO 3 
 
 4k 7 3 
 
 ^ A 7 6 4 2 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ K 6 3 2 
 If 8 7 
 4t Q 5 4 
 ^ J lO 9 3 
 
 4^ lO 8 7 
 
 ff 5 2 
 
 4I1 A J lO 9 2 
 
 ♦ K Q 8 
 
 Score, 24-26, rubber game. Dealer declared hearts. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ♦ 10 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 
 V3 
 3* 
 
 A* 
 Q4 
 
 9* 
 
 K* 
 
 8* 
 
 A* 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ♦ 6 
 
 ♦ v 
 Va 
 
 
 10* 
 J* 
 
 V^ 
 
 
 Dealer scored the odd trick, game and rubber. 
 
60 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 13 
 
 GIVING AWAY A TRICK TO SAVE 
 
 GAME. 
 
 AJ83 
 
 ¥5 
 4bAKQ9862 
 
 4 K76 
 
 A952 
 ^ K J 9 8 2 
 i J lO 
 ^ K J 2 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 fP lO 7 3 
 4fc 7 5 4. 3 
 ♦ Q 6 5 
 
 4|^ A Q lO 4< 
 ^ A Q e ^ 
 
 Jt^ None 
 
 ^ A lO 8 4 3 
 
 Score, 8-24, rubber game. Dummy declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥io 
 
 ¥3 
 
 •<♦ 
 
 3* 
 ¥7 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥q 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ¥5 
 ♦ 7 
 
 Q* 
 
 A* 
 
 
 q4 
 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥4 
 
 ¥6 
 
 ¥j 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 
 ♦ 'O 
 
 J* 
 
 1 
 
 Dealer scored 12 by cards and 40 by honors. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS, 
 
 61 
 
 DEAL NO. 14. 
 PLACING THE LEAD. 
 
 V A K Q 
 4k lO 8 5 4* 
 ^ J lO 9 4- 2 
 
 ▲ K 9 8 5 
 fP lO 7 5 
 ♦ K 7 
 ^ Q 6 5 3 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 ^ J lO 7 6 4 
 fjP 9 6 2 
 4l Q 6 2 
 ^ K 7 
 
 ^ J 8 4 3 
 4tl A J 93 
 
 ^ A 8 
 
 Score, love all, rubber game. Dummy declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥2 
 
 2* 
 
 ♦ k 
 
 ^4 
 
 ¥3 
 
 3* 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 
 ^4 
 
 8* 
 
 ♦ 3 
 ¥7 
 
 7* 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 A* 
 
 10* 
 
 Va 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ¥j 
 
 ♦ 8 
 
 ^4 
 
 Dealer scored 48 by cards. 
 
62 
 
 BRIDGE a^HAa^ wins. 
 
 DEAL NO. 15 
 LEADING AN ACE AGAINST A DE- 
 CLARED TRUMP. 
 
 4^ 9 74. 
 
 ^ A K lO 9 3 
 
 ^ A 8 6 4. 
 
 4|^ K 10 8 6 
 ^86 
 ^954. 
 ^ K Q J 3 
 
 DEALER 
 
 4 A2 
 
 ^ J72 
 
 4^ K J lO 8 7 
 
 ^752 
 
 First deal of rubber game. Dealer declared hearts 
 
 4^ O J 5 3 
 ^ Q 5 4 
 
 4^ A 6 3 2 
 ^ lO 9 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 A* 
 
 7* 
 
 a4 
 
 4* 
 «4 
 
 9* 
 
 ¥6 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ^4 
 '°4 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ -• 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 ^4 
 ^4 
 ^4 
 ¥'o 
 
 ¥3 
 
 34 
 3* 
 
 ¥q 
 
 ¥5 
 
 q4 
 
 '4b 
 
 ¥2 
 
 24 
 
 ¥-7 
 ¥j 
 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ♦ 4. 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 .0* 
 
 8* 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ¥k 
 
 Dealer scored 32 by cards, game and rubber. 
 
BRIDGE THAl^ WINS. 
 
 63 
 
 DEAL NO. 16 
 PLAYING TO WIN GAME, 
 
 4 A 9 3 
 
 ^ A 6 4< 
 4il K lO 2 
 
 ^ A K Q lO 
 
 4^ K 8 7 5 
 ^ J lO 9 8 5 
 d^ J 5 3 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4 Q4.2 
 
 4fc A Q 8 7 
 ^97653 
 
 4^ J lO 6 
 
 ^ Q 7 3 2 
 
 ^964. 
 
 ^84-2 
 Score, 0-12, rubber game. Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥>< 
 
 A* 
 
 ^2 
 ♦ 8 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥8 
 
 84 
 
 J^ 
 
 «^ 
 
 3^ 
 
 jtL»< 
 
 ye 
 
 A* 
 
 ^7 
 
 ^9 
 
 8* 
 
 
 Dealer scored 36 by cards, game and rubber. 
 
64 
 
 bridge: that wins. 
 
 DEAL NO. 17. 
 BLOCKING AN ADVERSARIES' SUIT, 
 
 ^ A J 9 8 2 
 
 i K843 
 ^J 6 
 
 ♦ 75 
 
 ^A J 9 7 3 2 
 4t J 9 2 
 
 ^K 4* 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ K 6 3 
 
 4k Q lO 6 
 <^ Q 9 8 7 3 
 
 4^ Q 10 4 
 ' ^K Q ^ 
 4k A 7 5 
 
 ^A lO 5 2 
 
 Score 0-8. No trump declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥■0 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ¥« 
 
 3* 
 
 -** 
 
 ¥A 
 
 34 
 
 V2 
 
 V3 
 
 9* 
 
 J* 
 
 Q4 
 
 A* 
 
 6* 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 Q* 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 .04 
 
 ^4k 
 7* 
 
 
 j^ 
 
 
 Dealer scored 36 by cards. 
 
BRIDGit 'THA'T WINS. 
 
 65 
 
 % 
 
 DEAL NO. 18. 
 CREATING A RE-ENTRY, 
 
 4|^ K Q J 9 4 
 ff J lO 4. 2 
 4k 9 8 3 
 
 8 7 6 3 
 K 9 5 
 
 4ll J 2 
 
 ^ J lO 4< 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 t 
 
 lO 5 
 A Q 8 
 
 ^ A Q 9 6 5 2 
 
 % 
 
 A 
 
 7 6 3 
 4fc A K Q lO 7 6 
 
 ^K 7 3 
 
 Score, 0-24, rubber game. No trump declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ 7 
 
 ♦lO 
 
 ♦ 8 
 
 ¥2 
 
 ¥4 
 3* 
 8* 
 
 9* 
 
 2* 
 
 J* 
 
 ¥5 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ^* 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ¥q 
 ¥a 
 
 A* 
 
 a4 
 
 6* 
 
 7* 
 
 Q* 
 
 ¥3 
 ¥6 
 ¥7 
 
 ¥j 
 
 ¥0 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dealer scored 36 by cards. 
 
66 
 
 BRIDGE I'HAl^ WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 19. 
 PLAYING TO THE SCORE. 
 
 4^ Q lO 6 
 ^ A J 10 6 
 ♦ 0743 
 ^85 
 
 4|^ K J 7 4< 3 
 
 ♦ J 8 2 
 ^ K J 6 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ AS 
 ^ K Q 9 3 2 
 4i 10 9 6 5 
 ^ 10 2 
 
 4^ 95 2 
 
 4^ A K 
 
 ^ A Q 9 7 4 3 
 
 Score, 20-14. Dealer passed and duramv declared diamonds. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥•< 
 
 ¥q 
 
 ¥2 
 
 34 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ¥7 
 
 ¥A 
 
 ¥6 
 
 ¥•' 
 
 io4k 
 
 ♦ 3 
 3* 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥5 
 
 4:£ 
 
 x4 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 ¥3 
 
 3* 
 J* 
 
 ♦ ^ 
 
 ♦ ^ 
 
 :t± 
 
 A* 
 
 K* 
 
 
 Dealer scored the odd trick only. 
 
BRIDGK THAT WINS. 
 
 67 
 
 4j^ J 9 7 5 4- 
 f^ J 7 6 2 
 41l 6 2 
 ^92 
 
 DEAL NO. 20. 
 PASSING THE MAKE. 
 
 4k 83 
 
 ^ Q 3 
 
 4k Q 9 5 4 
 
 ^ A K lO 8 6 
 
 ^ A lO 9 4 
 4k A J 8 
 ^ Q 7 4 3 
 
 4^ A K Q 10 
 ^ K 8 5 
 4t K lO 7 3 
 
 ^ J 5 
 
 Score, love all. Dealer passed and dummy declared no trump 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 3* 
 ♦ 3 
 A* 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥j 
 
 2* 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ¥6 
 ¥2 
 
 ^4 
 
 ^4 
 ¥7 
 
 ¥q 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥•< 
 
 9* 
 
 ¥3 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥'o 
 ¥a 
 
 K* 
 
 7* 
 
 «♦ 
 
 ¥3 
 
 .o4k 
 
 ♦ ^ 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 ♦ x 
 
 
 Pealer scQi^d 60 by c^rUs, 
 
68 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 21. 
 CROSS-RUFF BY DEALER 
 
 4|^ Q 9 8 7 2 
 ^ Q 10 6 2 
 
 Jm None 
 
 ^ A 10 6 5 
 
 4^ A J 3 
 
 4k A K lO 8 3 
 ▲ 943 
 
 DEALER 
 
 4^ K 10 6 5 4 
 
 4l 9 7 4 
 ^ K Q J 8 
 
 ▲ None 
 
 <^ A K J 9 8 4. 
 
 4k Q J 6 5 2 
 
 ^72 
 
 Score, love-all. Hearts declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 10 
 11 - 
 12 
 13 
 
 *Ji 
 
 *1 
 
 8* 
 
 '^ 
 3* 
 
 A* 
 A* 
 
 ys 
 
 ♦ ^ 
 ^ 
 
 104 
 
 2^ 
 
 ¥2 
 
 2* 
 
 ^4 
 
 5* 
 
 6* 
 
 
 
 
 Dealer scored 40 by cards. 
 
BRIDGE THAO^ WINS. 
 
 69 
 
 DEAL NO. 22. 
 REFUSING TO WIN A TRICK. 
 
 J lO 9 7 4- 
 
 K J 7 2 
 4k 10 9 2 
 ♦ 5 
 
 t 
 
 ▲ K 8 2 
 
 ▼ Q lO 6 
 4b A 7 5 4. 
 ♦ Q 6 3 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ 6 3 
 
 fj^ 9 5 3 
 
 4ll63 
 
 ^ A J lO 8 4- 2 
 
 $ 
 
 A Q 5 
 A 8 4- 
 4t K Q J 8 
 
 ^ K 9 7 
 
 Score, love-all. No trump declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ¥9 
 
 3* 
 
 ♦ 9 
 
 ♦ 7 
 
 Va 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 ¥10 
 
 A* 
 
 2* 
 
 V2 
 
 ♦ k 
 
 ¥7 
 
 .04 
 j4 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 24fc 
 
 f^ 
 
 fT 
 
 #^ 
 
 34k 
 
 «♦ 
 
 
 
 Dealer scored the odd trick only. 
 
70 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 23. 
 CLEARING AN ADVERSARIES' SUIT. 
 
 4|^ A J 10 5 
 ^ A Q 6 5 
 4i A K4. 
 ^ J 6 
 
 4^ KQ7 
 
 ^ K 10 7 4 
 
 ^ K 8 2 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 A963 
 
 4il5 3 
 
 ^ A Q 10 7 5 3 
 
 A8^2 
 ^ J 9 3 
 4l Q 10 8 7 6 
 ^94 
 
 Score, 0-20, rubber game. Dummy declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥9 
 ¥j 
 
 3* 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥2 
 ♦10 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 '4 
 
 A* 
 
 
 9* 
 
 2* 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ¥4 
 
 ¥7 
 
 ¥10 
 ¥k 
 
 ♦ 6 
 ¥5 
 ¥6 
 
 '«♦ 
 
 ¥q 
 ¥a 
 
 ♦q 
 
 ♦ 5 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ^4 
 
 a4 
 
 •'^ 
 
 Dealer scored 48 by cards, game and rubber. 
 On the next page the deal is given as it should have been played. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS, 
 
 71 
 
 DEAL NO. 24. 
 BLOCKING AN ADVERSARIES' SUIT. 
 
 4^ A J lO 5 
 f^ A Q 6 5 
 ♦ A K4. 
 ^ J 6 
 
 4^ K Q7 
 f^ K lO 7 4. 
 4i J 9 2 
 ^ K 8 2 
 
 DEALER 
 
 4^ 842 
 ^ J 9 3 
 4l Q lO 8 7 6 
 ^9 4. 
 
 4^963 
 f^ 8 2 
 4^53 
 
 ^ A Q lO 7 5 3 
 
 Score, 0-20, rubber game. Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 7* 
 
 3* 
 
 ^4 
 
 ¥3 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥j 
 
 3* 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ♦ 'O 
 
 ¥2 
 ¥3 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 A* 
 
 ♦ •' 
 
 •<* 
 
 ¥o 
 ,o4k 
 
 9* 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥* 
 »<♦ 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥7 
 ¥k 
 
 A* 
 
 ^4 
 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥e 
 
 ¥'o 
 
 Dealer scored 24 by cards. 
 
72 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 25. 
 TAKING AN EXTREME CHANCE FOR 
 
 GAME. 
 
 8 6 
 
 A 
 4k K Q 8 5 4 3 
 ^9752 
 
 % 
 
 ^ None 
 
 ▼ Q J 6 
 
 4b J lO 9 7 6 2 
 
 ^8643 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ Q 9 5 4- 2 
 f^ 10 8 5 3 2 
 
 JL None 
 # Q J lO 
 
 4^ A K J 10 7 3 
 ^ K 9 7 4 
 
 ^ A K 
 
 Score, 0-28, rubber game. Spades declared by dummy and doubled 
 
 to 32. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 A* 
 
 ^"* 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥-• 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 ¥q 
 
 7* 
 ¥6 
 9* 
 
 ♦ s 
 
 J4k 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥2 
 
 V3 
 ♦ 10 
 
 ♦ j 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 ♦ 9 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ^4 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ^4 
 
 34 
 
 ¥10 
 ^4 
 
 ,04 
 a4 
 
 
 
 Dealer scored the odd trick, game and rubber. 
 
bridge: that wins. 
 
 73 
 
 DEAL NO. 26. 
 WHEN TO CHANGE TACTICS. 
 
 ^ A KQ 
 4^ A K lO 7 2 
 ^ K 5 
 
 ^ J lO 7 5 3 
 AA 8 6 4 2 
 4ll Q 4. 3 
 
 
 DEALER 
 
 r 
 u m 
 z > 
 O D 
 
 a w 
 
 3 
 DUMMY 
 
 4|| A92 
 ^ J lO 9 7 3 
 
 ^ A Q 
 
 1 
 
 |k K6 
 
 V 
 
 ▲ J9876432 
 
 Score, 8-14. Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 ^4 
 104- 
 
 ¥« 
 34 
 
 ¥J5 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥Q 
 
 ¥A 
 
 a4 
 
 ^4 
 
 ^3 
 
 ^9 
 
 8* 
 
 J* 
 
 M10 
 
 ¥3 
 3* 
 
 A* 
 
 X* 
 
 'O* 
 
 I^eader aud pone g^gured the odd trick, 
 
74 
 
 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 27. 
 SACRIFICING A TRICK TO MAKE GAME. 
 
 A K 6 3 
 
 A 3 
 4l Q J 3 
 ^ Q J 9 3 
 
 $ 
 
 4|^ 10 9 8 5 
 
 Jf^ 9 e 2 
 
 ^ A K 8 5 2 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 $ 
 
 Q J 4 
 K 8 4- 2 
 
 4^ A 8 7 4. 
 
 ^ lO 7 
 
 $ 
 
 7 2 
 
 Q J lO 9 7 6 
 4ll K lO 5 
 
 Score, 8-14. Dealer declared no trump. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 V2 
 
 ¥6 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥a 
 
 2 
 3 
 4 
 5 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ¥7 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥¥ 
 
 ♦ s 
 
 a4 
 
 2* 
 
 ^4 
 
 io4k 
 
 6 
 
 ^* 
 
 K* 
 
 6* 
 
 Q* 
 
 7 
 
 ¥8 
 
 ¥q 
 
 9* 
 
 «♦ 
 
 8 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥T 
 
 «♦ 
 
 3* 
 
 9 
 
 8* 
 
 WTo 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 J* 
 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 
 q4 
 
 5* 
 
 ♦ a 
 
 ♦9 
 
 ♦ 5 
 
 ♦ q 
 
 13 
 
 A* 
 
 lO* 
 
 ♦ s 
 
 TI 
 
 
 Peeler §QQred 48 by car4§, 
 
BRIDGE l^HAO^ WINS. 
 
 75 
 
 DEAL NO. 28. 
 DOUBLING TO THE SCORE. 
 4^ J -7 5 
 
 ^ A Q 9 7 
 4k K J lO 7 5 
 
 4k A 96 
 ^ 10 8 5 3 
 4k A 9 8 4 
 ^ A 6 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4^ K lO 8 4- 3 2 
 ¥2 
 
 ^ Q 7 5 3 2 
 
 y K J 6 4 
 4^ 6 3 2 
 
 ^ K J lO 8 4. 
 
 Score, 24-0. Diamonds declared by dummy, doubled by leader. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 1.3 
 
 ^4 
 
 ♦ 3 
 ¥2 
 
 ♦ 2 
 
 2* 
 
 3* 
 
 a4 
 ♦ a 
 
 ^4 
 10* 
 
 ♦ 9 
 
 7* 
 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥q 
 
 A* 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥5 
 
 ¥8 
 9* 
 
 ¥to 
 
 ♦10 
 
 
 
 ♦ 7 
 
 ♦q 
 
 24 
 
 ^K 
 
 ¥-> 
 
 Leader and pone scored 36 by cards. 
 
16 
 
 BRIDGK 'THA'T WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 29. 
 AVOIDING A TRUMP LEAD, 
 
 ^A72 
 4^5 3 
 ^ A Q 5 4 2 
 
 4 K 10 9 
 ^K J 9 6 
 
 ♦ K9 7 
 ^J 9 8 
 
 DEALER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 44.3 
 
 ^K 10 6 3 
 
 4|^ A Q 8 6 2 
 ^10 8 5 
 4^ A 10 8 2 
 
 Score, 24-16. Dealer declared diamonds. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 4* 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ¥^ 
 ¥q 
 
 Q* 
 
 ♦3 
 
 ♦0 
 
 2* 
 
 ¥5 
 ¥8 
 
 ¥0 
 
 A* 
 
 K* 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥j 
 
 ¥7 
 ♦2 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ¥6 
 7* 
 
 ♦3 
 
 3* 
 
 34 
 
 ^4 
 
 ^4 
 ♦q 
 
 ¥« 
 ♦9 
 
 ♦6 
 
 ♦a 
 
 
 Dealer secured the odd trick and game. 
 
BRIDGE I'HAl' WINS. 
 
 77 
 
 DEAL NO. 30. 
 PLACING THE LEAD. 
 
 4|^ A K 4- 2 
 
 ^J lO 5 
 4k S 6 
 
 ^Q lO 8 5 
 
 4^ J 9 7 5 
 
 ^K 7 
 4t Q4. 2 
 
 ^A K 4< 3 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 4J^ 10 6 3 
 yO 9 6 2 
 
 d|l K 9 5 
 ^J 7 6 
 
 4 Q8 
 
 ^A 8 4-3 
 4^ A J lO 7 3 
 
 ^9 2 
 
 Score, 20-16. Clubs declared by dummy. 
 
 TRICK 
 
 LEADER 
 
 DUMMY 
 
 PONE 
 
 DEALER 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 lO 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 ¥2 
 
 ¥q 
 
 ¥6 
 ¥9 
 
 ¥3 
 
 ♦2 
 ¥a 
 
 ¥k 
 
 ¥5 
 ♦3 
 
 ¥•> 
 
 a4 
 
 ♦•< 
 
 ♦a 
 
 ¥7 
 
 ♦ 3 
 
 74 
 
 Q4 
 
 3* 
 
 J* 
 
 3* 
 
 ¥■0 
 
 A* 
 
 ¥4 
 ¥8 
 7* 
 
 ^4 
 
 Dealer scored 12 by cards and game. 
 
COMMENTS ON THE PLAY 
 
 DEAL NO. r 
 
 Nothing of especial interest occurred in the 
 first seven tricks. Leader correctly continued 
 his diamond suit at trick three, although hav- 
 ing no card of re-entry. Dealer was certain to 
 make the ace of diamonds eventually and would 
 be apt to take his finesses on the other side. The 
 good play in the deal consisted in the manner 
 in which leader cherished his three worthless 
 clubs for the purpose of inducing dealer to place 
 an honor with him, and the manner in which 
 pone perceived and seconded his efforts. 
 
 By the first discard of a diamond at trick 
 nine, leader clearly informed pone that the ace 
 of clubs was with dealer. With this informa- 
 tion pone could easily perceive that after being 
 certain of the odd trick, dealer would attempt to 
 make game, and that he must finesse the club on 
 one side or the other, in order to do so. Know- 
 ing this, pone deliberately unguarded his queen 
 of clubs on the theory that there was a better 
 chance of his winning the second round of the 
 suit than any other. 
 
 The false card of leader at trick twelve helped 
 to bring about the result. This is not at all 
 extraordinary play, but it is clever, and illus- 
 trates a situation which occurs frequently and 
 is nearly always misplayed, 
 
 79 
 
80 BRIDGE THAT WINS, 
 
 DEAL NO. 2 
 
 Dealer should have waited for the third round 
 of hearts before playing the king. There was 
 absolutely no opportunity to lose by so doing. 
 After making this play, however, it was still 
 possible to win the game against the best play 
 of the opponents. 
 
 A BAD ERROR 
 
 The diamond suit should have been started 
 before the clvibs, or at any rate after two rounds 
 of clubs. In this particular case the third round 
 of clubs did no harm, as leader discarded a dia- 
 mond. 
 
 At trick six, however, the error was com- 
 mitted which* has lost more rubbers at bridge 
 than any other, except poor declarations. With 
 no re-entry in his own hand, dealer failed to see 
 the importance of clearing the diamond suit be- 
 fore leading the last club from the dummy, and 
 consequently put himself in a position w^here 
 the opponents by correct play were sure of five 
 tricks. 
 
 Leader, however, made an error at trick six of 
 a peculiar nature, in discarding one of his three 
 remaining diamonds, w^hich certainly appeared 
 worthless. 
 
 COUNT THE DISCARDS. 
 
 The moment pone discarded a diamond he 
 announced a defense in the spade suit, and 
 leader, therefore, could have unguarded the 
 queen of spades with impunity. By the discard 
 
bridge: that wins. 81 
 
 of a diamond dealer was given an unusual op- 
 portunity at trick eleven, which he failed to im- 
 prove, because he had not carefully counted the 
 discards. 
 
 DEAL NO. 3 
 
 While it is evident that dealer could take 
 eleven tricks by successfully placing all the 
 cards in advance, it is not the purpose of this 
 illustration to arrive at results in such a man- 
 ner, and, therefore, the same finesses are lost 
 by dealer as in the actual play of the deal. 
 
 In this case the game is won by dealer be- 
 cause leader is compelled to shift from the club 
 suit, w^hich is exactly equivalent to giving dealer 
 an additional card of re-entry. Had leader con- 
 tinued the club suit, allowing dummy to ruff, 
 the result would have been the same, although 
 dealer's proposition might have been a little 
 harder. 
 
 In the actual play dealer ruffed the third round 
 of clubs and leader and pone scored 16 by cards. 
 
 DEAL NO. 4 
 
 Dealer passed the make, and dummy declared 
 no trump. Pone doubled, as he should have 
 done, it being extremely probable that he could 
 bring in the entire heart suit with no trump 
 declared at his right. Dealer redoubled, also 
 correctly, having a good supporting hand, and 
 the hearts doubly stopped. Pone promptly quit, 
 but leader boosted the value of each odd trick 
 to 96. Dealer again redoubled, and leader in 
 
^2 BRIDGE O^HAT WINS. 
 
 turn sent the figure to 384; though the dealer 
 was considerably puzzled by this time, after 
 mature deliberation, he raised to 768, his rea- 
 soning being as follows : 
 
 The only danger to which he was exposed 
 was a long established spade suit in the hands 
 of either of the opponents. As dummy, how- 
 ever, could have nothing in hearts, he could not 
 have declared no trump with no honor in spades, 
 dealer holding the cards that he did in diamonds 
 and clubs, and the player with the dummy hand 
 was an experienced bridge player. 
 
 Leader was bright enough to know that dealer 
 must have the heart suit stopped, and therefore 
 showed his club suit before starting the hearts. 
 
 After the third trick, of course, it made no 
 difference what cards were played by the deal- 
 er's adversaries ; but leader played properly in 
 shifting to the diamond suit, as the only chance 
 remaining for the odd trick was to find the ace 
 of diamonds with pone. 
 
 The leader's logic was greatly at fault, al- 
 though he was able afterward to defend his ac- 
 tions by many excellent rules culled from com- 
 petent authors. The trouble in such a case arises 
 from the fact that general rules cannot be made 
 to cover completely the multitude of combina- 
 tions which arise in so complicated a game. 
 
 DEAL NO. 5 
 
 All are agreed that at no-trump the dealer 
 should play for the longest suit held by either 
 dealer or dummy. Of equal importance, al- 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 83 
 
 though not equally well known, is the following: 
 
 When there are two suits of equal length and 
 not established, held between dealer and dummy, 
 if the first trick in either of them be won by 
 the dealer, he should abandon that suit and go 
 to the other, the latter having become the longer. 
 
 It will be noticed that the holding in diamonds 
 and hearts was precisely equal between dealer 
 and dummy. It was better to try for the heart 
 suit first, as the opponents w^ere more likely to 
 hold up the ace on the first round, dummy's hand 
 being weak in re-entry cards. 
 
 Having w^on a trick at hearts, however, the 
 diamond suit immediately became more impor- 
 tant, and by shifting to diamonds the dealer was 
 certain of securing game, two tricks in each 
 black suit, one at hearts, and four at diamonds. 
 
 It is apparent that, after bringing in the 
 diamond suit, the dealer could have made one 
 more trick by clearing the hearts before taking 
 the king of clubs out of dummy's hand. It 
 would have been bad play on the dealer's part, 
 however, as the ace of hearts naight have been 
 found with leader, which would have cost the 
 game. 
 
 DEAL NO. 6 
 
 The application of the rule of eleven would 
 absolutely prove the five of hearts a singleton if 
 the character of the cards remaining did not. 
 The dealer was helpless, of course, until the 
 last six tricks, the play of the adversaries being 
 correct in every respect. The dealer was also 
 
84 BRIDGE THAT V/INS. 
 
 correct in declaring diamonds, on account of 
 the honor score, although he would have scored 
 game at no trump. 
 
 DEAL NO. 7 
 
 The score was — 18, rubber game, and the 
 dealer passed the make to dummy. The latter 
 properly declared no trump, as his hand, though 
 w^eak in certain tricks, was strong in' possibil- 
 ities. 
 
 The deal was prettily played all around. It 
 must be remembered that the leader, in discard- 
 ing his hearts, had apparently no reason to sus- 
 pect that they could ever be of the slightest 
 value, and that it was late in the deal before he 
 was aware that pone had no mqre clubs to lead 
 to him. 
 
 The play of the last four tricks was worthy 
 of the highest praise. 
 
 Leader, at trick No. 10, refused to win the 
 nine of clubs, as he would have been compelled 
 to return the club into what must be a major 
 tenace at his right, giving the dealer every other 
 trick. 
 
 The dealer then made a pretty play by pass- 
 ing the ten of diamonds at trick No. 11, after 
 leader had refused the suit, intending to give 
 the trick to pone and compel the latter to lead to 
 the major tenace held by dummy. This scheme 
 was frustrated by the brilliant play of pone, who 
 refused to win the trick, blanking his king and 
 queen of diamonds, although knowing that by 
 so doin^: he could never make either of them. 
 
BRIDGE Th:aT wins. 85 
 
 The dealer was finally compelled to give leader 
 the last two tricks in clubs. 
 
 Play of this order involves keeping careful 
 track of the number of cards remaining in each 
 suit and saves many a game. 
 
 DEAL NO. 8 
 
 At bridge it is not enough to make a play 
 which is in itself desirable. It is necessary for 
 players to know at times whether another plan 
 should be first developed. In other words, it is 
 of the utmost importance not merely to play for 
 the next trick in sight, but, w^hen possible, to 
 plan the entire play of the deal, defensive as well 
 as offensive, as early as possible. 
 
 The deal is given as it should have been 
 played. 
 
 In actual play the third round of hearts was 
 taken at once and leader immediately led the ace 
 of clubs in order to save the game, the result 
 being that dealer secured two odd tricks. Know- 
 ing that he could stop the trump suit pone in- 
 sured not only the small trump in his own hand, 
 but also the certainty that the club suit would 
 be opened from his hand. 
 
 DEAL NO. 9 
 
 Pone doubled, and dummy redoubled, making 
 each odd trick 48. 
 
 In this case pone was assured of the odd trick 
 if he could tempt a spade discard from dummy. 
 i\fter passing the first heart, dealer could only 
 
86 BRIDGE O'HA'r WINS. 
 
 win the odd trick by the discard of a club at 
 trick three. 
 
 Such plays as are made by pone in this in- 
 stance must be conceived and executed quickly, 
 in order that the opponents may not suspect the 
 trick. 
 
 DEAL NO. 10 
 
 This was a curiously fortunate deal, as from 
 a study of the hands it would hardly seem that 
 dealer could secure the odd trick, much less 
 game. While dealer played well, the play of the 
 opponents was also correct, except in one in- 
 stance. Leader should have led a small spade 
 at trick 8, instead of the jack, as there was no 
 use in leading a supporting card through noth- 
 ing. While the dealer hardly expected to make 
 a trick in the club suit, which he so persistently 
 led, he could play that suit with greater safety 
 than any other, as the opponents were certain to 
 eventually make what clubs they had. 
 
 Leader reasonably abandoned his heart suit 
 after finding a major tenace at his right, as it 
 hardly seemed possible that the dummy would 
 be able to give leader a discard of the eight of 
 hearts, and the dealer therefore must finally be 
 forced to lead it. 
 
 DEAL NO. 11 
 
 Observe carefully the manner in which the 
 dealer managed the heart suit. Had he allowed 
 the dummy to win the first two rounds of hearts 
 the usefulness of that suit would have been ended. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 87 
 
 Observe also the manner in which the dealer 
 refused to win the second round of diamonds in 
 order that pone might have none of the suit re- 
 maining in case he secured the lead later. 
 
 DEAL NO. 12 
 
 The dealer seemed to have an almost hopeless 
 task before him when the dummy's hand was ex- 
 posed. The discard of the six of clubs w^as made 
 in order to tempt a club lead up to the dealer, 
 should the original leader w4n the first round of 
 trumps, as dealer naturally expected. 
 
 Had dealer overruffed pone at trick 6 it would 
 have cost him the game, and this although the 
 discard was of no use to dealer. 
 
 The most important play in the deal, however, 
 was in the ruff at trick 9, with the six of hearts 
 instead of the four. Had dealer ruffed with the 
 four he would have been compelled to overruff 
 dummy at trick 11 and lead into the major tenace 
 held by pone. 
 
 This situation occurs frequently at bridge and 
 is of the first importance. Game would have been 
 lost, likewise, had dealer carelessly led the five of 
 hearts instead of the deuce from dummy at 
 trick 3. 
 
 DEAL NO. 13 
 
 There can be no question that the supporting 
 heart was a better opening than a club in this 
 case. 
 
 The next three tricks should be carefully 
 studied. Dealer was compelled to lead away 
 
88 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 from a double tenace suit in dummy's hand, his 
 object evidently being to make a reentry of the 
 jack of spades in his own hand. The only pur- 
 pose that such a reentry could serve was to bring 
 in a suit of clubs, of which there were none in the 
 dummy. 
 
 Leader not only allowed the queen of spades 
 to hold the first trick, but deliberately kept off 
 the ten of spades and allowed his king to be 
 trapped, thereby saving the game. 
 
 In making this play the leader could give his 
 partner credit for the king of diamonds, as 
 dummy would not play the spades as he did, hold- 
 ing a sure reentry in diamonds. 
 
 The value of negative inferences at bridge is 
 immense, and their clever application furnishes 
 one of the greatest charms of the game. Thus, 
 in the deal just illustrated, the leader can locate 
 the king of diamonds in pone's hand because 
 dummy led the queen of spades to furnish a re- 
 entry for his club suit. Although this statement 
 sounds complicated it is really simple. 
 
 DEAL NO. 14. 
 
 When no trump has been declared by the 
 dummy, the correct method of handling suits 
 headed by the ace, queen in the dummy, and 
 which are opened by the opponents, seems to be 
 a puzzle to the average player. It generally hap- 
 pens that the suit in question is not the one which 
 the dealer has most reason to fear. On that 
 account the ace is usually the correct play from 
 the dummy on the first round, in order that the 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 89 
 
 dealer may get his own suits to working, if he 
 has any. 
 
 Observe the manner in which dealer continued 
 to place the lead with pone, never allowing leader 
 to come through the queen of spades. 
 
 In the actual play the queen of spades w^as 
 played to the first trick and dealer only scored 
 the odd trick. 
 
 DEAL NO. 15 
 
 In this deal leader might have opened the ten 
 of diamonds or a low spade without taking any 
 unusual risk. It will be seen at a glance that 
 dealer's opponents should have won five tricks 
 by almost any kind of play, had the ace of clubs 
 been retained. ' Leader properly, after discover- 
 ing what he had done, played to take the only 
 card of reentry out of the dummy as quickly as 
 possible. 
 
 The play of dealer was skillful throughout. 
 His object was to secure ten tricks, and he held 
 himself in position to do this in several different 
 ways, according to the distribution of the cards. 
 
 DEAL NO. 16 
 
 The false card at trick one was, of course, im- 
 perative. The adversaries always suspect false 
 card play, but frequently cannot be certain and 
 are afraid to abandon a suit. Trick 2 revealed an 
 unusual situation in the heart suit and compelled 
 the dealer to go to spades as a last resort. 
 
 Leader at trick 3 was in an awkward predica- 
 ment, as he feared the dealer might be under- 
 
90 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 leading ace, king, and his play of the queen made 
 the subsequent situation possible. At tricks 4, 
 5 and 6 pone erred in not discarding at least one 
 heart. 
 
 The best play in the hand occurred at trick 10. 
 Dealer had been forced to finesse the spade and 
 could now count one club and three winning 
 hearts at his right, three clubs and the winning 
 diamond at his left. If the club at his right had 
 been' the ace pone must, of course, have taken 
 the remaining tricks. The lead of the king, 
 however, would give dealer another trick, unless 
 leader had all the honors, which was unlikely, 
 and the play actually resulted in giving dealer the 
 rubber under most unpromising conditions. 
 
 DEAL NO. 17. 
 
 The play of dealer at trick one, although not 
 really necessary, should be carefully noted. By 
 unblocking with the jack of diamonds for the 
 tenace in the dummy, he was able to take two 
 diamond tricks at any time. 
 
 The real play in the deal occurred at trick 
 two, when dealer refused to win the first round 
 of hearts. By blocking that suit dealer could 
 count upon at least four tricks in the spade 
 suit, two tricks each in the diamond and club 
 suits, and one heart trick — enough for game. 
 
 Had dealer won the first trick in the heart 
 suit, leader and pone would have secured the 
 odd trick. 
 
bridge: 1^HAl^ WINS. 91 
 
 DEAL NO. 18. 
 
 Dealer could easily make eight tricks in this 
 deal, but the other and most important trick 
 could only be secured by risking a heart dis- 
 card at trick two. If pone could not lead up to 
 the very weak heart suit in the dummy, it was 
 almost certain that leader would continue dia- 
 monds. 
 
 Dealer was obliged to sacrifice three winning 
 clubs in order to make four winning spades. 
 
 DEAL NO. 19. 
 
 Pone saved the game at trick 5 by leading 
 the king of spades. He realized that to pre- 
 vent the dealer from going out two tricks in 
 the spade suit must be secured before the 
 leader again led the heart. 
 
 Had a small spade been led at trick 5 the 
 dealer would have played the queen or ten, and 
 dealer would have been certain to win game on 
 the deal. 
 
 DEAL NO. 20. 
 
 The make properly was passed by dealer, as 
 diamonds should not be declared from such 
 a holding, except when the score of dealer and 
 dummy is 18 or, better. Dummy properly de- 
 clared no trump from general strength. Al- 
 though some risk is taken in making declara- 
 tions of this kind, it is probable that in most 
 cases they result in the dealer and his partner 
 scoring game. 
 
92 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 Dealer finessed the club at trick No. 2 for 
 the reason that he preferred to throw the lead 
 to pone and allow that player to lead up to the 
 guarded king of hearts. After winning the 
 finesse, however, it was useless to try to keep 
 the lead from the original leader. 
 
 The diamond finesse was unnecessary at 
 trick No. 3, as it was certain dealer would be 
 able to force some discards later, especially if 
 leader and pone succeeded in killing the king 
 of hearts, and he knew that leader and pone 
 must guard both the queen of diamonds and 
 the jack of spades. 
 
 Leader played properly in trying to hold 
 with the nine of hearts at trick No. 5. While 
 it was unlikely that such a scheme would suc- 
 ceed, there is always a possibility that it may, 
 and there seemed to be nothing to lose. In 
 any event, leader could see that dealer was 
 sure to win the game if the king of hearts won, 
 the ace of diamonds evidently being a false 
 card. 
 
 By holding his spades until the right mo- 
 ment, dealer was able to force some discards 
 at tricks 8, 9 and 10, and to gain an extra trick 
 by prettily throv/ing the lead at trick 11. 
 
 DEAL NO. 21. 
 
 When this deal was originally played dealer 
 took two rounds of trumps and failed to win the 
 game. There is no reason whatever for play of 
 this kind, and it might always be avoided if the 
 dealer would be careful to count, in advance, the 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 93 
 
 number of tricks which he may certainly take 
 with the two hands. Had the ace and king of 
 ckibs fallen early in the deal, it w^ould have been 
 easy for the dealer to abandon his nififing tactics, 
 extract the adversaries' trumps and bring in the 
 remaining clubs. 
 
 DEAL NO. 22. 
 
 Most beginners at bridge lose games by being 
 in too great a hurry to wan tricks. After a little 
 experience they learn, when no trump has been 
 declared, to hold up aces in an adversary's suit 
 until one of the adversaries is void of the suit in 
 question. Later they learn, or some of them 
 do, that it is not always necessary or advisable 
 to win a trick with a king at the first oppor- 
 tunity, when the ace of the suit can be marked 
 at the right. 
 
 It is harder yet, however, to convince players 
 that it is not always wase to win tricks in their 
 own suits at the first opportunity, but often 
 proves better to leave a card of the suit in the 
 hands of the partner in order to secure the 
 greatest results, possible from that particular 
 suit. 
 
 Having no possible card of re-entry, leader 
 could only bring in the diamond suit by allowing 
 dummy to win the second trick, leaving another 
 card of the suit with pone. This is a situation 
 which occurs very frequently, and the correct 
 play in such cases must be learned by every 
 player who hopes to be successful at the game. 
 
 Dealer showed his appreciation of the situation 
 
94 BRIDCB 0[^HAa^ WINS. 
 
 by finessing only in his own hand. Had he 
 attempted to estabhsh the spade suit leader and 
 pone would have secured the odd trick. On the 
 other hand, had leader won the second round of 
 diamonds dealer would have easily secured 
 game. 
 
 DEAL NO. 23. 
 
 There was no occasion for pone being in a 
 hurry to make his king of diamonds at trick two. 
 He was in no danger of losing it, and there was 
 little fear of dealer winning the game, unless he 
 could bring in the long diamond suit in the 
 dummy. After the second trick there w^as little 
 or no play to the deal, and dealer could take the 
 heart finesse at trick ten without fear, since there 
 was but one club remaining in leader's hand. 
 
 DEAL NO. 24. 
 
 Here the king of diamonds was held up by pone 
 until the third trick, rendering the four diamonds 
 in the dummy useless. The dealer made the best 
 play possible by endeavoring to establish the nine 
 of spades in the dummy for a re-entry, even at 
 the risk of the leader's making the remaining 
 clubs. 
 
 The play of pone at trick eight should be care- 
 fully noted. By refusing to win the second round 
 of spades with the king, he deliberately lost that 
 honor to the ace, but in so doing saved the game, 
 as the king of spades would have been the last 
 trick taken by his side, had it won. If the deal 
 
BRIDGE 1?HAa^ WINS. 9S 
 
 were played in this manner, dealer could only have 
 secured twenty-four by cards and the advantage 
 of position would have remained with the other 
 pair. 
 
 Holding up commanding cards in bridge when 
 no trump has been declared is the simplest form 
 of strategy, but its correct use seems to be con- 
 fined to a few. Waiting until the third round of 
 the opponents' suit, when your holding is ace and 
 two small, is the most common form in which this 
 play occurs, but not of necessity the most im- 
 portant. 
 
 Sometimes the holdup cannot win, as, for 
 instance : No . trump declared by dealer, and a 
 suit of queen and three small cards exposed in 
 dummy's hand ; dealer leads the king of the suit, 
 and ace and one are held by the second hand 
 player. To hold up in this case is to insure the 
 dealer making two tricks in the suit, as the ace 
 will have to fall on a small card next round and 
 there is no possibility of the holdup gaining. 
 
 There are many opportunities to hold up the 
 king of a suit, even when the ace has not been 
 played. 
 
 DEAL NO. 25. 
 
 Dummy declared spades, and leader doubled, 
 as he had a right to do, notwithstanding the score. 
 Dummy redoubled as the only remaining chance 
 for game. Leader should have quit on account 
 of the score, although it was nearly impossible 
 that he could lose. 
 
96 BRIDGE l^HAT WINS* 
 
 While this deal is an extreme case, leader was a 
 player of several years' experience. His one 
 object was to shorten up his own trump suit in 
 order that dummy might be compelled to lead 
 trumps eventually into his major tenace. Dealer 
 played skillfully and leader badly, and the former 
 won the rubber against overwhelming odds. 
 
 Leader should have led trumps at the outset, 
 having no plain suit to fear. 
 
 DEAL NO. 26. 
 
 By winning the first trick with the heart king, 
 dealer hoped to make pone believe that leader had 
 led away from ace, queen, jack. 
 
 Leader saved the game at trick three by de- 
 stroying the usefulness of the king of spades be- 
 fore the diamond suit was established. 
 
 Dealer, however, obsessed with the idea of 
 making the long suit of diamonds, erred in not 
 going up with the king of spades, and so lost the 
 odd trick. 
 
 When leader switched to the spade suit, dealer 
 should have recognized at once that the diamond 
 suit was hopeless, and that he must change his 
 tactics accordingly. 
 
 The king of spades should have been played at 
 trick three, as the only hope of making two tricks 
 in that suit. Then dealer should have led the nine 
 of clubs from the dummy and passed it. 
 
 This would have insured dealer at least two 
 odd tricks and possibly three. Had leader not 
 shifted to the spade suit at trick three, dealer 
 would have secured four odd tricks on the deal. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 97 
 
 Dealer defended his play at trick three on the 
 ground that pone might possibly play the ace of 
 spades and return the heart suit. This could not 
 possibly happen, as pone, holding the ace of 
 spades and either the ten or jack, would certainly 
 finesse. 
 
 Leader could not hold both the ten and jack 
 without the ace, or he would have certainly led 
 the jack. 
 
 DEAL NO. 21.4 
 
 Dealer made the game certain by taking the 
 first heart trick with the ace, although he could 
 have held it with the six. This situation occurs 
 very frequently. 
 
 Leader allowed the second heart to win in or- 
 der to get a second discard from pone. 
 
 Observe the manner in which dealer handled 
 the club suit. He was quite correct in discarding 
 clubs from his own hand, as he could still protect 
 that suit in the dummy. 
 
 Pone made a frightful play in discarding his 
 last club, and keeping a number of diamonds 
 which he could not possibly make. 
 
 DEAL NO. 28. 
 
 Dealer had won the first game and leader and 
 pone had not scored in the rubber. The double 
 by leader was very risky, but the diamond make 
 was apt to be weak, on account of the score, and 
 the possible gain by doubling greatly overbal- 
 anced the possible loss. 
 
98 BRIDGK TB.AT WINS. 
 
 DEAL NO. 29. 
 
 This is an every-day sort of deal, which is 
 usually bungled. Had dealer led trumps at any 
 time he must certainly have lost the odd trick. 
 
 To secure the odd trick dealer was obliged to 
 make one trick each in clubs and hearts, and either 
 two spades and three trumps, or one spade and 
 four trumps, according to the location of the 
 spade king. 
 
 By passing the first club dealer put himself in 
 position to rufif that suit at his pleasure. Pone 
 was obliged to shift the suit, fearing dealer held 
 queen or jack. 
 
 Observe the lead of the jack of hearts, giving 
 pone a tenace over dummy, in case dealer held 
 queen and leader ace . 
 
 Pone played correctly in overtrumping at trick 
 ten, but should have led a trump afterward . 
 
 DEAL NO. 30. 
 
 By passing the first heart dealer was almost 
 certain to make two tricks in that suit. 
 
 Pone was afraid to wait with his diamonds, as 
 dealer might be able to discard one of the two 
 in the dummy on a spade. 
 
 At trick four leader should have allowed the 
 jack of hearts to hold the trick. His excuse was 
 that he did not want the trump led through by 
 dealer, fearing the latter had the queen. In such 
 a case, however, dealer would never have led 
 trumps from the dummy hand. 
 
 At trick five dealer played cleverly in over- 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 99 
 
 taking the queen of spades. The best chance 
 for game was to finesse twice in the trump suit, 
 .and to do this dummy must twice place the lead 
 with dealer by means of the spade suit. It was 
 imperative to prevent the original leader from 
 again securing the lead, as he would immediately 
 ruff pone with a heart. 
 
 At trick seven the ten of diamonds was the 
 correct play, although it did not affect the result. 
 Dummy had plenty of trumps, pone might have 
 five diamonds, and dealer must have the best dia- 
 mond after trumps were extracted. 
 
 LofC. 
 
LAWS OF BRIDGE 
 
 THE RUBBER. 
 
 1. The rubber is the best of three games. If 
 the first, two games be won by the same partners, 
 the third game is not played. 
 
 SCORING. 
 
 2. A game consists of thirty points obtained 
 by tricks alone, exclusive of any points counted 
 for honors, chicane or slam. 
 
 3. Every deal is played out, and any points 
 in excess of thirty points necessary for the game 
 are counted. 
 
 4. Each trick above six counts two points 
 when spades are trumps, four points when clubs 
 are trumps, six points when diamonds are 
 trumps, eight points when hearts are trumps, and 
 twelve points when there are no trumps. 
 
 5. Honors are ace, king, queen, knave and ten 
 of the trump suit; or the aces when no trump is 
 declared. 
 
 6. Honors are credited to the original holder 
 and are valued as show^n in table on page 102. 
 
 7. Ha player and his partner make thirteen 
 tricks, independently of any tricks gained by the 
 revoke penalty, they score slam and add forty 
 points to the honor count. 
 
 101 
 
102 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 When a Trump is Declared 
 
 3 honors held between partners equal value of 2 tricks. 
 
 4 " 
 
 5 " 
 
 4 " " in 1 hand " "8 " 
 
 ( 5th in ) 
 
 4 " " '* 1 "^ partner's V" " 9 
 
 ( hand j 
 
 5 " " "1 " " " 10 " 
 
 When No Trump is Declared 
 
 3 aces held between partners count 80 
 
 4 " " in one hand " 100 
 
 8. Little slam is twelve tricks similarly made, 
 and adds twenty points to the honor count 
 
 9. Chicane (one hand void of trumps) is equal 
 in value to simple honors, z. e., if partner of player 
 having chicane score honors he adds the value of 
 three honors to his score, while, if the adversaries 
 score honors, it deducts an equal value from 
 theirs."^ 
 
 10. The value of honors, slam, little slam or 
 chicane, is in nowise affected by doubling or re- 
 doubling. 
 
 11. At the conclusion of a rubber the scores 
 for tricks and honors (including chicane and 
 slam) obtained by each side are added, and one 
 hundred points are added to the score of the win- 
 ners of the rubber. The difference between the 
 completed scores is the number of points won or 
 lost by the winners of the rubber. 
 
 ♦Double Chicane (both hands void of trumps) Is 
 equal in value to four honors, and the value thereof must 
 be deducted from the total honor score of the ad- 
 versaries. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 103 
 
 12. If an erroneous score affecting honors, 
 chicane or slam be proved, such mistake may be 
 corrected at any time before the score of the rub- 
 ber has been made up and agreed upon. 
 
 13. If an erroneous score affecting tricks be 
 proved, such mistake must be corrected prior to 
 the conclusion of the game in which it has oc- 
 curred, and such game shall not be considered as 
 concluded until the following deal has been com- 
 pleted and the trump declared, unless it be that 
 the game is the last one of the rubber — then the 
 score is subject to inquiry until an agreement 
 between the sides (as to the value of the rubber) 
 shall have been reached. 
 
 CUTTING. 
 
 14. The ace is the low^est card. 
 
 15. In all cases every player must cut from 
 the same pack. 
 
 16. Should a player expose more than one 
 card, he must cut again. 
 
 FORMING TABLES. 
 
 17. If there are more than four candidates, 
 the players are selected by cutting, those first in 
 the room having the preference. The four who 
 cut the lowest cards play first. 
 
 18. After the table is formed, the players cut 
 to decide on partners ; the two lowest playing 
 against the two highest. The lowest is the dealer, 
 who has choice of cards and seats, and who, 
 having once made his selection, must abide by it. 
 
104 BRIDGE THAl^ WINS. 
 
 19. Should the two players who cut lowest 
 secure cards of equal value they shall re-cut to 
 determine which of the two shall deal, and the 
 lower on the re-cut deals. 
 
 20. Should three players cut cards of equal 
 value, they cut again ; if the fourth card be the 
 highest, the two lowest of the new cut are part- 
 ners and the lower of the two the dealer; if, 
 however, the fourth card be the lowest, the two 
 highest on the re-cut are partners and the original 
 lowest the dealer. 
 
 21. Six players constitute a full table, and no 
 player shall have a right to cut into a game which 
 is complete. 
 
 22. When there are more than six candidates, 
 the right to succeed any player who may retire 
 is acquired by announcing the desire to do so, and 
 such announcement shall constitute a prior right 
 to the first vacancy. 
 
 CUTTING OUT. 
 
 23. If at the end of a rubber admission be 
 claimed by one or two candidates, the player or 
 players having played a greater number of con- 
 secutive rubbers shall withdraw ; but when all 
 have played the same number, they must cut to 
 decide upon the outgoers ; the highest are out. 
 
 RIGHTS OF ENTRY. 
 
 24. A candidate desiring to enter a table must 
 declare such wish before any player at the table 
 cuts a card, either for the purpose of commencing 
 a fresh rubber or of cutting out. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 105 
 
 25. In the formation of new tables, those can- 
 didates who have neither belonged to nor played 
 at any other table have the prior right of entry. 
 Those who have already played decide their right 
 of admission by cutting. 
 
 26.. A player who cuts into one table while 
 belonging to another, shall forfeit his prior right 
 of re-entry into the latter, unless by doing so he 
 enables three candidates to form a fresh table. 
 In this event he may signify his intention of re- 
 turning to his original table, and his place at the 
 new one can be filled. 
 
 27. Should any player quit the table during 
 the progress of a rubber, he may, with the consent 
 of the other three players, appoint a substitute 
 during his absence ; but such appointment shall 
 become void with the conclusion of the rubber, 
 and shall not in any way affect the substitute's 
 rights. 
 
 28. If anyone break up a table, the remaining 
 players have a prior right to play at other tables. 
 
 SHUFFLING. 
 
 29. The pack must neither be shuffled below 
 the table nor so the face of any card be seen. 
 
 30. The dealer's partner must collect the cards 
 for the ensuing deal, and he has the first right, to 
 shuffle the cards. Each player has the right to 
 shuffle subsequently. The dealer has the right to 
 shuffle last, but should a card or cards be seen 
 during his shuffling, or whilst giving the pack to 
 be cut, he must re-shuffle. 
 
106 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 31. Each player, after shuffling, must place 
 the cards properly collected and face downward 
 to the left of the player next to deal. 
 
 THE DEAL. 
 
 32. Each player deals in his turn; the order 
 of dealing goes to the left. 
 
 33. The player on the dealer's right cuts the 
 pack, and in dividing it, must not leave fewer 
 than four cards in either packet ; if in cutting or 
 in replacing one of the two packets a card be 
 exposed, or if there be any confusion of the cards, 
 or a doubt as to the exact place in which the pack 
 was divided, there must be a fresh cut. 
 
 34. When the player whose duty it is to cut, 
 has once separated the pack, he can neither re- 
 shuffle nor re-cut the cards. 
 
 35. Should the dealer shuffle the cards, after 
 the pack is cut, the pack must be cut again. 
 
 36. The fifty-two cards shall be dealt face 
 downward. The deal is not completed until the 
 last card has been dealt face downward. 
 
 37. There is No Misdeal, 
 
 A NEW DEAL. 
 
 38. There must be a new deal — 
 
 a If the cards be not dealt into four packets, one 
 at a time, and in regular rotation, beginning 
 at the dealer's left. 
 
 b If, during a deal, or during the play of a 
 hand, the pack b^ proved incorrect or im- 
 perfect. 
 
BRIDGK THAT WINS, 107 
 
 c If an}' card be faced in the pack. 
 
 d If any player have dealt to him a greater 
 number of cards than thirteen. 
 
 e If the dealer deal two cards at once and then 
 deal a third before correcting the error. 
 
 / If the dealer omit to have the pack cut and 
 the adversaries call attention to the fact 
 prior to the conclusion of the deal and be- 
 fore looking at their cards. 
 
 g Should the last card not come in its regular 
 order to the dealer. 
 
 39. There may be a new deal — 
 
 a If the dealer or his partner expose a card. 
 Either adversary may claim a new deal. 
 
 h If either adversary expose a card. The dealer 
 may claim a new deal. 
 
 c If, before fifty-one cards are dealt, the dealer 
 should look at any card. His adversaries 
 have the right to see it, and either may 
 exact a new deal. 
 
 d If, in dealing, one of the last cards be exposed 
 by the dealer or his partner, and the deal is 
 completed before there is reasonable time 
 for either adversary to decide as to a new 
 deal. But in all other cases such penalties 
 must be claimed prior to the conclusion of 
 the deal. 
 
 40. The claim for a new deal by reason of a 
 card exposed during the deal may not be made by 
 a player who has looked at any of his cards. If 
 a new deal does not take place, the card exposed 
 during the deal cannot be called. 
 
 41. Should three players have their right num- 
 ber of cards, the fourth have less than thirteen 
 and not discover such deficiency until he has 
 played any of his cards, the deal stands good: 
 should he have played, he, not being dummy, is 
 
r 
 
 108 BRIDGET THA1^ WINS. 
 
 answerable for any revoke he may have made as 
 if the missing card or cards had been in his hand. 
 He may search the other pack for it or them. 
 
 42. If, during the play of a hand, a pack be 
 proven incorrect or imperfect, such proof ren- 
 ders only the current 'deal void, and does not 
 afifect any prior score. The dealer must deal 
 again (Law 38b). 
 
 43. Any one dealing out of turn or with the 
 adversaries' cards must be corrected before the 
 play of the first card, otherwise the deal stands 
 good. 
 
 44. A player can neither cut, shuffle nor deal 
 for his partner without the permission of his 
 opponents. 
 
 DECLARING TRUMPS. 
 
 45. The trump is declared. No card is 
 turned. 
 
 a The dealer may either make the trump or pass 
 the declaration to his partner. 
 
 b If the declaration be passed to partner, he 
 must declare the trump. 
 
 46. Should the dealer's partner make the 
 trump without receiving permission from the 
 dealer, either adversary may demand, 
 
 1st. That the trump shall stand, or 
 2d. That there shall be a new deal. 
 
 provided, that no declaration as to doubling has 
 been made. Should the dealer's partner pass the 
 declaration to the dealer it shall be the- right of 
 either adversary to claim a new deal or to compel 
 
BRIDGE THA'T WINS. 109 
 
 the offending player to declare the trump ; pro- 
 vided, that no declaration as to doubling- has 
 been made. 
 
 47. The adversaries of the dealer must not 
 consult as to which of the penalties under the fore- 
 going law shall be exacted. 
 
 48. If either of the dealer's adversaries make 
 a declaration, the dealer may, after looking at his 
 hand, either claim a new deal or proceed as if no 
 declaration had been made. 
 
 49. A declaration once made cannot be 
 altered. 
 
 DOUBLING, RE-DOUBLING, ETC. 
 
 50. The effect of doubling, re-doubling, and 
 so on, is that the value of each trick above six is 
 doubled, quadrupled, and so on. 
 
 51. After the trump declaration has been 
 made by the dealer or his partner, their adver- 
 saries have the right to double. The eldest hand 
 has the first right. If he does not wish to double, 
 he may ask his partner, '' May I lead ? " His 
 partner must answer, '' Yes " or '' I double." 
 
 52. If either of their adversaries elect to 
 double, the dealer and his partner have the right 
 to re-double. The player who has declared the 
 trump shall have the first right. He may say, 
 " I re-double " or " Satisfied.'' Should he say 
 the latter, his partner may re-double. 
 
 53. If the dealer or his partner elect to re- 
 double, their adversaries shall have the right to 
 again double. The original doubler has the first 
 right. 
 
no BRIDGE ^HAO^ WINS. 
 
 54. If the right-hand adversary of the dealer 
 double before his partner has asked '' May I 
 lead ? " the maker of the trump shall have the 
 right to say whether the double shall stand. 
 If he decide that the double shall stand, the 
 process of re-doubling may continue as described 
 in paragraphs 52, 53, 55. 
 
 55. Whenever the value of each trick above 
 six exceeds one hundred points there shall be no 
 further doubling in that hand, if any player 
 objects. The first right to continue the re- 
 doubling on behalf of a partnership belonging to 
 that player who has last re-doubled. Should he, 
 however, express himself satisfied, the right to 
 continue the re-doubling passes to his partner. 
 Should any player re-double out of turn, the ad- 
 versary who last doubled shall decide whether 
 or not such double. shall stand. If it is decided 
 that the re-double shall stand, the process of re- 
 doubling may continue as described in this and 
 foregoing laws (52 and 53). If any double or 
 re-double out of turn be not accepted there shall 
 be no further doubling in that hand. Any con- 
 sultation between partners as to doubling or re- 
 doubling will entitle the maker of the trump or 
 either adversary, without consultation, to a new 
 deal. 
 
 56. If the eldest hand lead before the doubling 
 be completed, his partner may re-double only wuth 
 the consent of the adversary who last doubled ; 
 but such lead shall not affect the right of either 
 adversary to double. 
 
 57. When the question, '' May I lead ? '' has 
 been answered in the affirmative, or when the 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. Ill 
 
 player who has the last right to continue the 
 doubling expresses himself satisfied the play 
 shall begin. 
 
 58. If the eldest hand lead without asking 
 permission, his partner may only double if the 
 maker of the trump consent. If the right-hand 
 adversary of the dealer say, '' May I play ? " out 
 of turn, the eldest hand does not thereby lose the 
 right to double. 
 
 59. If the right-hand adversary of the dealer 
 lead out of turn, the maker of the trump may 
 call a suit from the eldest hand, who -may only 
 double if the maker of the trump consent. In 
 this case no penalty can be exacted after the 
 dummy hand or any part of it is on the table, 
 since he (dummy) has accepted the situation. 
 
 60. A declaration, as to doubling or re-dou- 
 bling, once made cannot be altered. 
 
 DUMMY. 
 
 61. As soon as the eldest hand has led, the 
 dealer's partner shall place his cards face upward 
 on the table, and the duty of playing the cards 
 from that hand shall devolve upon the dealer, 
 unassisted by his partner. 
 
 62. After exposing his cards, the dealer's 
 partner has no part whatever in the game, except 
 that he has the right to ask the dealer if he has 
 none of the suit to which he may have renounced. 
 Until the trump is declared and the dealer's part- 
 ner's hand is exposed on the table, he has all the 
 rights of a player and may call attention to any 
 
112 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 irregularity of, or to demand equally with the 
 dealer, any penalty from, the adversaries. 
 
 63. If he should call attention to any other 
 incident of the play, in consequence of which 
 any penalty might be exacted, the fact of his so 
 doing precludes the dealer exacting such pen- 
 alty. He has the right, however, to correct an 
 erroneous score, and he may, at any tim.e during 
 the play, correct the claim of either adversary to 
 a penalty to which the latter is not entitled. He 
 may also call his partner's attention to the fact 
 that the trick has not been completed. 
 
 64. If the dealer's partner, by touching a 
 card or otherwise, suggest the play of a card 
 from dummy, either of the adversaries may, but 
 vithout consultation, call en the dealer to play 
 cr not to play the card suggested. 
 
 65. Dumxmy is not liabiC to the penalty for a 
 revoke ; and if he should revoke and the error be 
 not discovered until the trick is turned and 
 quitted, the trick stands good. 
 
 66. When the dealer draws a card from his 
 own hand, such card is not considered as played 
 until actually quitted, but should he name or 
 touch a card from the dum.my hand, such card is 
 considered as played, unless the dealer in touch- 
 ing the card or cards says, '' I arrange," or words 
 to ihat effect. 
 
 CARDS EXPOSED BEFORE PLAY. 
 
 67. 1 1. after the deal has been completed, and 
 before the trump declaration has been made, 
 either the dealer or his partner expose a card 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 113 
 
 from his hand, either adversary may, without 
 consulting with his partner, claim a new deal. 
 
 68. If, after the deal has been completed, and 
 before a card is led, any player shall expose a 
 card, his partner shall forfeit any right to double 
 or re-double which he otherwise would have been 
 entitled to exercise ; and in case of a card being 
 so exposed by the leader's partner, the dealer 
 may either call the card or require the leader not 
 to lead the suit of the exposed card. 
 
 CARDS EXPOSED DURING PLAY, 
 
 69. All cards exposea by the dealer's adver- 
 saries are liable to be called, and such cards must 
 be left face upward on the table. 
 
 70. The following are exposed cards : 
 
 1st. Two or more cards played at once. 
 
 2d. Any card dropped with its face upwards, 
 or in any way exposed on the table, even 
 though snatched up so quickly that no one 
 can name it. 
 
 3d. Every card so held by a placer that any por- 
 tion of its face may be seen by his partner. 
 
 71. A card dropped on the floor or elsewhere 
 below the table is not an exposed card. 
 
 72. If two or more cards be played at once 
 by either of the dealer's adversaries, the dealer 
 shall have the right to call which one he pleases 
 to the current trick, and the other card or cards 
 shall remain face upward on the table and may 
 be demanded at any time. 
 
114 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 73. If, without waiting for his partner to 
 play, either of the dealer's adversaries should 
 play on the table the best card or lead one which 
 is a winning card, as against the dealer and 
 dummy, or should continue (without waiting for 
 his partner to play) to lead several such cards, 
 the dealer may demand that the partner of the 
 player in fault, win, if he can, the first, or any 
 other of these tricks, and the other cards thus 
 improperly played are exposed cards. 
 
 74. If either or both of the dealer's adver- 
 saries throw his or their cards on the table face 
 upward, such cards are exposed and are liable to 
 be called ; but if either adversary retain his hand 
 he cannot be forced to abandon it. Cards ex- 
 posed by the dealer are not liable to be called. If 
 the dealer should say, *'I have the rest,'' or any 
 other words indicating that the remaining tricks 
 are his, he may be required to place his cards 
 face upward on the table. The adversaries of 
 the dealer are not liable to have any of their 
 cards called, should they expose them, believing 
 the dealer's claim to be true, should it subse- 
 quently prove false. 
 
 75. If a player who has rendered himself 
 liable to have the highest or lowest of a suit 
 called (Laws 82, 91 and 100), fail to play as 
 directed, or if, when called on to lead one suit, 
 lead another, having in his hand one or more 
 cards of the suit demanded (Law 76), or if called 
 upon to win or lose a trick, fail to do so when he 
 can (Laws 73, 82 and 100), he is liable to the 
 penalty for revoke, unless such play be corrected 
 before the trick is turned and quitted. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 115 
 
 LEADS OUT OF TURN. 
 
 76. If either of the dealer's adversaries lead 
 out of turn, the dealer may either call the card 
 erroneously led, or may call a suit when it is next 
 the turn of either adversary to lead. 
 
 77 . If the dealer lead out of turn, either from 
 his own hand or from dummy, he incurs no 
 penalty; but he may not rectify the error after 
 the second hand has played. 
 
 78. If any player lead out of turn and the 
 other three follow him, the trick is complete and 
 the error cannot be rectified ; but if only the sec- 
 ond, or second and third play to the false lead, 
 their cards may be taken back; there is no pen- 
 alty against any one except the original offender, 
 who, if he be one of the dealer's adversaries, may 
 be penalized as provided in Law 76. 
 
 79. In no case can a player be compelled to 
 play a card which w^ould oblige him to revoke. 
 
 80. The call of an exposed card may be re- 
 peated at every trick until such card has been 
 played. 
 
 81. If a player called on to lead a suit have 
 none of it, the penalty is paid. 
 
 CARDS PLAYED IN ERROR. 
 
 82. Should the fourth hand (not being dummy 
 or dealer) play before the second has played to 
 the trick, the latter may be called upon to play his 
 highest or lowest card of the suit played, or to 
 win or lose the trick. 
 
116 bridge: that wins. 
 
 83. If any one, not being dummy, omit play- 
 ing to a former trick and such error be not cor- 
 rected until he has played to the next, the adver- 
 saries may claim a new deal ; should they decide 
 that the deal stands good, the surplus card at the 
 end of the hand is considered to have been played 
 to the imperfect trick, but does not constitute a 
 revoke therein. 
 
 84. If any one (except dummy) play two 
 cards to the same trick and the mistake be not 
 corrected, he is answerable for any consequent 
 revokes he may have made. If during the play 
 of the hand the error be detected, the tricks may 
 be counted face downward, in order to ascertain 
 whether there be among them a card too many ; 
 should this be the case, the trick which contains 
 a surplus card may be examined and the card 
 restored to its original holder, who (not being 
 dummy) shall be liable for any revoke he may 
 meanwhile have made. 
 
 THE REVOKE. 
 
 85. Should a player (other than dummy) 
 holding one or more cards of the suit led, play a 
 card of a different suit, he revokes. The penalty 
 for a revoke takes precedence of all other counts. 
 
 86. Three tricks taken from the revoking 
 player and added to those of the adversaries shall 
 be the penalty for a revoke. 
 
 87. The penalty is applicable only to the score 
 of the game in which it occurs. 
 
 88. Under no circumstances can the revoking 
 side score game, slam or little slam, that hand. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 117 
 
 Whatever their previous score may have been, 
 the side revoking cannot attain a higher score 
 toward game than twenty-eight. 
 
 89. A revoke is estabhshed if the trick in 
 which it occurs be turned and quitted, i. e., the 
 hand removed from the trick after it has been 
 gathered and placed face downward on the table ; 
 or if either the revoking player or his partner, 
 w^hether in his right turn or otherwise, lead or 
 play to the following trick. 
 
 90. A player may ask his partner if he has no 
 card of the suit which he has renounced ; should 
 the question be asked before the trick is turned 
 and quitted, subsequent turning and quitting does 
 not establish a revoke, and the error may be 
 corrected unless the question be answered in the 
 negative or unless the revoking player or his 
 partner has led or played to the following trick. 
 
 91. If a player correct his mistake in time to 
 save a revoke, any player or players who have 
 followed him miay withdraw their cards and sub- 
 stitute others, and the cards so withdrawn are 
 not exposed cards. If the player in fault be one 
 of the dealer's adversaries, the card played in 
 error is an exposed card, and the dealer can call 
 it whenever he pleases ; or he may require the 
 offender to play his highest or lowest card of the 
 suit to the trick in which he has renounced ; but 
 this penalt}^ cannot be exacted from the dealer. 
 
 92. At the end of a hand the claimants of a 
 revoke may search all the tricks. If the cards 
 have been mixed the claim may be urged and 
 proved if possible ; but no proof is necessary, and 
 the revoke is established if, after it has been 
 
118 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 claimed, the accused player or his partner mix 
 the cards before they have been sufficiently ex- 
 amined by the adversaries. 
 
 93. A revoke must be claimed before the cards 
 have been cut for the following deal. 
 
 94. Should the players on both sides subject 
 themselves to the revoke penalty neither can win 
 the game by that hand. 
 
 95. The revoke penalty may be claimed for as 
 many revokes as occur during a hand ; but in no 
 event can more than thirteen tricks be scored in 
 any one hand. (See Law 7.) 
 
 GENERAL RULES. 
 
 96. There should not be any consultation be- 
 tween partners as to the enforcement of penalties. 
 If they do so consult, the penalty is paid. 
 
 97. Once a trick is complete, turned and 
 quitted it must not be looked at (except under 
 Law^ 84), until the end of the hand. 
 
 98. Any player during the play of a trick or 
 after the four cards are played and before they 
 are touched for the purpose of gathering them 
 together, may demand that the cards be placed 
 before their respective players. 
 
 99. If either of the dealer's adversaries, prior 
 to his partner's playing, should call attention to 
 the trick, either by saying it is his, or, without 
 being requested so to do, by naming his card or 
 drawing it toward him, the dealer may require 
 that opponent's partner to play his highest or 
 lowest card of the suit led, or to win or lose the 
 trick. 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 119 
 
 100. Should either of the dealer's adversaries, 
 during the play of a hand, make any unauthorized 
 reference to any incident of the play, or should he 
 call his partner's attention to the fact that he is 
 about to play or lead out of turn, the dealer may 
 call a suit from the adversary whose turn it is next 
 to lead. 
 
 101. In all cases where a penalty has been 
 incurred, the offender is bound to give reasonable 
 time for the decision of his adversaries ; but if a 
 wrong penalty be demanded none can be en- 
 forced. 
 
 102. Where the dealer or his partner has in- 
 curred a penalty, one of his adversaries may say, 
 '' Partner, will you exact the penalty or shall 
 I ? " but whether this is said or not, if either 
 adversary name the penalty, his decision is final. 
 
 NEW CARDS. 
 
 103. Unless a pack be imperfect, no player 
 shall have the right to call for one new pack. If 
 fresh cards are demanded, two packs must be 
 furnished and paid for by the player who has 
 demanded them. If they are furnished during 
 a rubber, the adversaries shall have their chgice 
 of the new cards. If it is the beginning of a new 
 rubber, the dealer, whether he or one of his ad- 
 versaries be the party calling for the new cards, 
 shall have the choice. New cards must be called 
 for before the pack be cut for a new deal. 
 
 104. A card or cards torn or marked must be 
 replaced by agreement or new cards furnished. 
 
120 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 BYSTANDERS. 
 
 105. While a bystander, by agreement among 
 the players, may decide any question, yet he must 
 on no account say anything unless appealed to; 
 and if he make any remark which calls attention 
 to an oversight affecting the score, or to the 
 exaction of a penalty, he is liable to be called on 
 by the players to pay the stakes on that rubber. 
 
ETIQUETTE OF BRIDGE. 
 
 There is perhaps no game in which shght in- 
 timations can convey so much information as at 
 Bridge. There is no way of punishing the in- 
 fractors of the following rules, save by refusing 
 to play with them. A code is compiled for the 
 purpose of succinctly stating laws and for the 
 purpose of meting our proportionate punishment 
 to the offenders. To offend against one of the 
 rules of etiquette is far more serious than to 
 offend against any law in the code ; for, while 
 in the latter case the offender is sure of punish- 
 ment, in the former the offended parties have no 
 redress other than refusal to continue to play 
 wdth the offender. 
 
 Rule 1. Declarations should be made in a 
 simple manner, thus : ''Hearts," "No trump," or 
 W'hen passing the option, "Make it, partner." 
 
 2. There should be no undue hesitancy in 
 passing to partner, as such hesitation might in- 
 fluence the make. 
 
 3. As the score should always be left on the 
 table, it is presumed that every player knows its 
 state ; therefore, after the cards are dealt, the 
 dealer in passing the declaration should not say 
 anything to his partner concerning the state of 
 the game. Nor should either of the dealer's 
 adversaries say anything regarding the score. 
 
 121 
 
122 BRIDGE THAT WINS. 
 
 4. A player who has the right to double, if 
 he intend passing the option to his partner, should 
 not indicate any doubt or perplexity in regard 
 to exercising such right. 
 
 5. No player should give any indication by 
 word or gesture as to the nature of his hand, or 
 as to his pleasure or displeasure at a certain play. 
 
 6. If a player demand that the cards be 
 placed, he should do so for his own information 
 and not in order to call his partner's attention 
 to any card or play. 
 
 7. No player, other than the dealer, should 
 lead until the preceding trick is turned and 
 quitted, nor after having led a winning card, 
 should he draw another from his hand before 
 his partner has played to the current trick. 
 
 8. No player should play a card wdth such 
 emphasis as to draw particular attention to it. 
 Nor should he detach one card from his hand and 
 subsequently play another. 
 
 9. It is unfair to revoke purposely; having 
 made a revoke, a player is not justified in mak- 
 ing a second to conceal the first. 
 
 10. Players should avoid discussion and re- 
 frain from talking during the play, as it may be 
 annoying to players at the table or perhaps to 
 those at other tables in the room. 
 
 11. A player having been cut out of one table 
 should not seek admission into another table un- 
 less willing to cut for the privilege of entry ; this, 
 of course, does not apply to a person who has 
 come from a table which has been broken up. 
 
 12. The dealer's partner should not look over 
 either adversarv's hand nor leave his seat for the 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 123 
 
 purpose of watching his partner's play. Neither 
 should he call attention to the score nor to any 
 card or cards that he or the other players hold. 
 
GENERAL SUGGESTIONS 
 
 It is absolutely essential, after the rudimentary 
 principles of the game have been acquired, to 
 observe carefully the characteristics of the other 
 players at the table. As dummy, your declaration 
 must often be influenced, not only by the score, 
 but by your partner's ability as a player, and his 
 tendency toward conservatism or venturesome- 
 ness. Be bold with a conservative partner and 
 cautious w^th one who is venturesome. 
 
 When your partner is a very poor player, try to 
 lose as little as possible when it is his deal, and 
 take extreme at no-trump or any declaration at 
 which you may secure game on your own deal. 
 
 A question on which the best players disagree, 
 is whether with a ''bust," or a hand which prob- 
 ably cannot win a trick, a player should declare 
 spades out of hand, or pass the make. Your 
 partner's hand in such a case will probably be 
 above the average, but so also will be the hands 
 of the opponents. 
 
 When playing with a partner who follows the 
 rules for declarations as given in this work, the 
 make may be passed without hesitation, knowing 
 you to be forward in declaring no-trump your 
 partner wnll declare spades unless he has a real 
 make. 
 
 I have kept a record for many months of the 
 results of such deals, in each case taking the 
 
 125 
 
126 BRIDGE 'THAI' WINS. 
 
 actual result and the score which would have 
 resulted from an original spade declaration, and 
 the figures are overwhelmingly in favor of pass- 
 ing the make — more than five to one. You 
 always have a good chance, when your own 
 holding is so poor, of finding your partner with 
 one tremendous suit, or with four honors in 
 hearts or diamonds, and once in each fiity-eight 
 times he will hold a hundred aces. 
 
 When playing with partners who follow the 
 old rules for red declaration, the dealer should 
 declare spades when his hand is practically 
 worthless. A weak heart or diamond declaration 
 under such circumstances would be fatal. 
 
 When playing a no-trump deal, it is nearly 
 always good policy for dealer to make an estab- 
 lished suit at once, if possible, and force the 
 adversaries to discards before taking any finesse. 
 
 In playing against a no-trump declaration, 
 always return the suit which your partner has 
 opened, unless you are very certain that your 
 reasons for not doing so are impregnable. When 
 your partner abandons your suit you should also 
 abandon it, unless it is established, or your 
 partner has finessed against an honor in dummy. 
 
 When a spade declaration is not doubled, and 
 neither side has scored twenty points in the 
 game, it is the rule in most clubs to concede 
 the odd trick to the dealer and not play the deal. 
 The score for honors, of course, is made by the 
 side holding them, precisely as though the deal 
 had been played. 
 
 This rule should be adopted by every club or 
 coterie of players, as it conserves a vast amount 
 
BRIDGE THAT WINS. 127 
 
 of time and energfv. Dealer or dummv cannot 
 select spades as an offensive declaration with 
 a score of less than twenty ; and the non-dealers, 
 if not strong enough to double, could not hope 
 to make enough on the deal to advance them 
 materially in the game. 
 
 The rule also gives rise to some pretty propo- 
 sitions in doubling on the part of the non- 
 dealers. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Page. 
 
 Avoiding a Trump Lead 76 
 
 Block Declarations 12 
 
 Blocking an Adversaries' Suit 64-71 
 
 Clearing an Adversaries' Suit 70 
 
 Comments on Play of Illustrative Deals 79 
 
 Covering Supporting Cards Led. 35 
 
 Creating a Re-entry 65 
 
 Cross-ruff by Dealer 68 
 
 Declaration 5 
 
 Description of the Game 1 
 
 Destroying Re-entry Cards IZ 
 
 Diamond Declaration 10-67 
 
 Disadvantage of Opening Suits 57 
 
 Discarding 23-31-48 
 
 Doubling 16-51-56-72 
 
 Doubling to the Score 72-75 
 
 Echo 32 
 
 Establishing a Suit 58-69 
 
 Etiquette of Bridge 121 
 
 General Suggestions 125 
 
 Heart Convention 33-56 
 
 Heart Declaration 9 
 
 129 
 
130 INDEX 
 
 Illustrative Deals 47 
 
 Keeping a Small Trump to Re-enter Partner 23 
 
 Knowing the Score 24 
 
 Laws of Bridge 101 
 
 Leading an Ace Against a Declared Trump 38-62 
 
 Leading from a King » 35 
 
 Leading to Tenace 34-61 
 
 Leading Up to Dummy 42 
 
 Manner 42 
 
 Mannerisms 43 
 
 No-Trump Declaration 6 
 
 Not Taking the Last Round of an Established 
 
 Suit 49 
 
 Original Leads at No-Trump 27-60 
 
 Original Leads When There Is a Declared Trump. . 28 
 
 Passing the Make 67 
 
 Placing Honors with Partner 37 
 
 Placing the Lead 61-77 
 
 Planning Play of Entire Deal in Advance 55 
 
 Play by Dealer 22 
 
 Play by Non-Dealers *2^ 
 
 Playing for Game 63 
 
 Playing for Longest Suit at No-Trump 52 
 
 Playing to the Score 66 
 
 Probabilities 14 
 
 Re-entry Cards 22-59-65 
 
 Refusal to Ruff 50 
 
 Refusing: to Win the First Round of Your Own Suit 58 
 
INDEX 131 
 
 Refusing to Win a Trick 54-64-69 
 
 Reverse *. . Z2 
 
 Ruffing Game 53-55 
 
 Rule of Eleven 30 
 
 Sacrificing a Trick to Save Game 60 
 
 Sacrificing a Trick to Win Game 74 
 
 Taking an Extreme Chance for Game 72 
 
 Tempting a Losing Discard 56 
 
 The Stake 4 
 
 Three-Handed Bridge 4^ 
 
 Unblocking 38 
 
 Unblocking to Tenace ,, 41 
 
 Unblocking with Honors 40 
 
 Value of Close Counting 54-63 
 
 When to Abandon a Suit 52 
 
 When to Change Tactics IZ 
 
l905