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COLON 1 AL DAYS 
 
 BY 
 
 LUCIE D. WELSH 
 
 ILLUSTRATED BY 
 
 OLIVE M, LONG 
 
 
 EDUCATIONAL 
 
 PUBLISHING 
 BOSTON 
 
 COMPANY 
 
 New 
 
 York 
 
 Chicago 
 
 San Francisco 
 
"the librar 
 congress, 
 
 RY OFl 
 
 ss, I 
 
 tECEIVEDl 
 
 1902 
 
 Two CoFHEs Received 
 
 JUN. g 
 
 COPVRIOHT ENTRY 
 
 CLASB i5-XXc. No. 
 COPY B. 
 
 
 Copyrighted by 
 
 EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY 
 
 1 901 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Introduction. 
 
 The Search for Gold ....... 5 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 The I>ost Colony . . . . . . . i r 
 
 Settlement at Jamestown ...... 30 
 
 Capt. John Smith , . . . . . . 35 
 
 Summer at Jamestown ....... 41 
 
 Captain Smith and Pocahontas ..... 49 
 
 King James's Gifts to Powhatan . . . . .51 
 
 Starving Time . . . . . . . . 61 
 
 Story of Pocahontas ....... 67 
 
 Prosperity in the Colony . . . . . . 71 
 
 Bacon's Rebellion ....... 75 
 
 Maryland. 
 
 Lord Baltimore at Newfoundland .... 84 
 
 The Voyage . . . . . . . .87 
 
 The Maryland Colonists ...... 95 
 
 First Days at St. Mary's . . . . . .100 
 
 Clayborne's Rebellion . . . . , . 105 
 
 Story of an Indian Princess . , . . . .110 
 
 The Carolinas. 
 
 Ribaut at Port Royal . . . . . . 133 
 
 The Quakers from Virginia . . . . . .138 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Cape Fear and the Barbadoes Colonists . . . 145 
 
 Port Royal again . . . . . . . .150 
 
 The Founding of Charleston . . . . . 161 
 
 The Story of the Huguenots . . . . . .172 
 
 Prosperity in the Colony . . , . . . 178 
 
 Eliza Lucas and her Indigo Seeds , . . „ .189 
 
 Georgia. 
 
 Oglethorpe and the Poor Debtors . . . . 196 
 
 Landing at Charleston ....... 201 
 
 Settlement at Savannah ...... 206 
 
 Oglethorpe and Tom-o-chi-chi . . . . .217 
 
 The Salzburgers at Ebenezer ..... 224 
 
 Oglethorpe's Return to England ..... 229 
 
 The Highlanders ....... 234 
 
 Founding of Frederica ....... 240 
 
 Trouble with Spaniards ...... 240 
 
 Georgia Royal Province ...... 243 
 
_,6o ''Oo 
 
 foM.m§m' 
 
 
 QUEBN ELIZABETH 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS 
 
 Most children have heard of Christopher 
 Cokimbus. 
 
 Many years ago he sailed across the 
 Atlantic Ocean and discovered America. 
 
 After that many other men came to this 
 country. 
 
6 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They called it the New World. 
 
 They did not stay here long. 
 
 But while here, they found many strange 
 
 plants and animals. 
 
 The people who lived in this New 
 
 1 
 World seemed strange to them, too. 
 
 They called these people Indians, as they 
 thought this country was a part of India. 
 
 The Indians told these white men many 
 wonderful stories. 
 
 Some of them were not true, but the 
 white men believed them all. 
 
 The Indians soon learned that the white 
 men wanted to find gold. 
 
 So they told them that there was much 
 gold here. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They said there was a city made of 
 gold. 
 
 It had golden streets and golden houses. 
 
 The king of the city was covered with 
 gold powder, and lay upon a golden couch. 
 
 Companies of white men tried to find 
 this golden city. 
 
 Of course they could not do so, for 
 there was no such place. 
 
 When they were tired of searching for it, 
 they went home. 
 
 Then other companies of men came out 
 and looked for it. 
 
 At last they gave up the search for the 
 wonderful city. 
 
 Still, many of them thought there must 
 
8 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 be plenty of gold somewhere in this New 
 World. 
 
 At that time Queen Elizabeth was ruler 
 of England. 
 
 She heard about the New World from 
 English sea captains who had been here. 
 
 They told her about the Indians ; about 
 the strange plants and animals ; but most 
 of all, they told about the gold. 
 
 They thought that gold might be found 
 if people stayed here and searched long 
 enough. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth thought so, too. 
 
 She wanted these men to go to the New 
 World and stay until they did find the 
 
 gold. 
 
IN COLONIAL r>AYS. 
 
 So she made them a present of a great 
 deal of the land. 
 
 Perhaps it was not hers to give. The 
 Indians thought it belonged to them. 
 
 Elizabeth said this land should be 
 named Virginia. 
 
 Later, there was much trouble with the 
 Indians about this land. 
 
EARLY COLONISTS 
 
 10 
 
Chapter II. 
 
 A man named John White had heard 
 what Ehzabeth had said. 
 
 He thouorht he would come to Vireinia. 
 A. number of other people came with him. 
 There were over a hundred in all. 
 
 Some of the men brought their wives 
 and children. 
 
 John White's daughter and her husband 
 were in the first company. 
 
 Her name was Ellinor Dare. 
 
 Mr. White was to be the governor. 
 
 So they all set sail from England. 
 
 After a long voyage, they landed on a 
 
 low, sandy island, now called Roanoke. 
 
 11 
 
12 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 It is not far from North Carolina. 
 
 You know the chmate is warm in that 
 part of our country. 
 
 Fruit and vegetables grow easily. 
 
 The colonists thought they should like 
 their new home. 
 
 They built little houses and planted corn. 
 
 Then, like the others, they began to look 
 for gold. 
 
 There was one unpleasant thing, however, 
 about their home. 
 
 There were many Indians near it. 
 
 These Indians did not like the white 
 people. 
 
 You see, white men had been here before 
 looking for gold. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 13 
 
 Some of them had treated the Indians 
 cruelly. 
 
 So the Indians thought all white people 
 were bad. 
 
 It was not safe for the colonists to go far 
 away from their village. 
 
 The Indians would rush upon them and 
 kill them. 
 
THEY COULD CARRY WOOD AND WATER 
 
 u 
 
Chapter III. 
 
 What do you think the children did in 
 this colony? 
 
 They couldn't go to school, for there was 
 no school. 
 
 I think they helped their mothers, just as 
 children do now-a-days. 
 
 They could carry wood and water. 
 
 They could keep the little houses neat. 
 
 Many beautiful flowers grew there. Per- 
 haps they gathered these. 
 
 Then they could go down to the shore 
 and dig in the sand. 
 
 Sometimes they must have felt very 
 lonely. 
 
 15 
 
16 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 One pleasant thing happened in this Httle 
 colony. 
 
 A little baby girl was born. 
 How they all loved her ! 
 
 ::-y^^i^. 
 
 VIKGINIA DARE 
 
 Her mamma was Ellinor Dare, and the 
 baby was named Virginia. 
 
 Virginia Dare! Isn't that a pretty 
 
 name : 
 
 She was the first English child born in 
 
 A 
 
 merica. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 17 
 
 This was in 1587; more than three hun- 
 dred years ago. 
 
 Poor httle Virginia ! 
 
 As you will read later, her story is a sad 
 one. 
 
 After a while, food and clothing became 
 scarce among these people. 
 
 Some one must go back to England for 
 more. 
 
 The people thought Mr. White was the 
 one to go. 
 
 He did not wish to leave his little grand- 
 daughter, Virginia. 
 
 But as he was the leading man, he had 
 to go. 
 
Chapter IV. 
 
 Before Mr. White went, he called the 
 people together. 
 
 ''I shall be gone many months," he said 
 to them. 
 
 ''The Indians may trouble you. 
 
 " Perhaps you cannot stay on this island. 
 
 " If you leave, how can I find you when 
 I come back?" 
 
 Then some one thought of this plan. 
 
 "We will cut the name of the place we 
 go to on a tree. 
 
 "The Indians may force us to leave. 
 
 "If they do, we will put a cross over the 
 name. 
 
 18 . . 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 19 
 
 "But if there is no trouble, we will not 
 make the cross." 
 
 So Governor White soon sailed away to 
 England with some of his men. 
 
 How lonely the colonists must have been 
 when their leader was gone! 
 
 Cruel Indians were all about them. 
 
 The great ocean was between them and 
 their old home. 
 
 Do you not think they were brave to 
 stay? 
 
 They might all have gone home with Mr. 
 White, you know. 
 
 After a few weeks, Mr. White reached 
 England. 
 
 The English were now at war with Spain. 
 
26 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 All the money of the country was needed 
 for the war. 
 
 No one could help Mr. White. 
 
 It was almost three years before he could 
 get what he wanted. 
 
 Then he had a vessel loaded with food, 
 and again sailed away for the new world. 
 
 It was dark when he reached Roanoke 
 Island. 
 
 He could see the light of a fire on the 
 island. 
 
 So the colonists were there, he thought. 
 
 He could hardly wait for morning. 
 
 He wanted so much to see little Virginia 
 Dare and her mother. 
 
Chapter V. 
 
 As soon as it was daylight he went to 
 the island. 
 
 He hurried to the place where he had 
 left the colony. 
 
 No one was there. The houses had 
 fallen down. 
 
 Where were the people? 
 
 Mr. White and his men walked wildly 
 over the island. 
 
 They called aloud and blew on a horn. 
 
 No one answered. 
 
 At last they came to a tree marked 
 Croatan. 
 
 21 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 23 
 
 This was the name of an Indian village 
 on another island. 
 
 But there was no cross over the name. 
 
 So they did not think there was any 
 trouble. 
 
 Mr. White went back to his ship and 
 sailed for "Croatan." 
 
 A great storm came up. 
 
 He gave up the search and was driven 
 out to sea. 
 
 He tried again, to find "Croatan," but he 
 was never able to find the place. 
 
 At last he went back home to Eng- 
 land. 
 
 No one ever knew what became of 
 these poor people. 
 
24 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Some think they died of hunger, or the 
 Indians killed them. 
 
 Others think the Indians treated them 
 kindly. 
 
 They may have gone to live with the 
 Indians. 
 
 Then little Virginia would have grown 
 up like an Indian girl. 
 
 We never shall know. 
 
Chapter VI. 
 
 For many years after this no one tried to 
 live in Virginia. 
 
 Most people thought it wicked to send 
 men to such a country. 
 
 If they did not starve, the Indians would 
 surely kill them. 
 
 Voyages, however, were made to other 
 parts of the coast. 
 
 Wherever people landed, they found a 
 pleasant climate and fertile soil. 
 
 Strawberries, mulberries, plums, peaches 
 and other fruits were found. 
 
 Besides these, there were many kinds of 
 fish, birds and animals. 
 
 26 
 
26 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 At last, a bold sailor, Captain Gosnold, 
 made a voyage to America. 
 
 He carried back to England a load of 
 cedar and sassafras wood. 
 
 It was worth much money. 
 
 Captain Gosnold told the people of 
 Enofland he thouo^ht white men could live 
 in this new country. 
 
 He talked about it with his friends. 
 
 Among these was a man named Captain 
 John Smith. 
 
 Captain Smith had travelled much and 
 had had many strange adventures. 
 
 He was interested in Captain Gosnold's 
 story, and wanted to come to Virginia. 
 
 We shall hear more about him by and by. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 27 
 
 There were other men who thought a 
 colony could live here. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth was dead now, and 
 James was King. 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 f^in 
 
 1 
 
 oj^fl?'^^^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 L 
 
 
 H 
 
 ^^H 
 
 
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 ■ 
 
 King James said that these men might 
 have a large strip of land for their colony. 
 
 You know the Indians thought this land 
 belonged to them. 
 
28 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 No one, however, seemed to think of 
 that. 
 
 Captain John Smith and his friends were 
 soon ready to start. 
 
 There were about a hundred people in 
 the party. 
 
 They had different reasons for coming. 
 
 Some thought they would find gold. 
 
 Some expected to live without work. 
 
 Others wanted to teach the Indians to 
 live as white people did. 
 
 Most of the men did not know how to do 
 any hard work. 
 
 A few could build houses or plant corn. 
 
 There were no women in this party, but 
 there were four boys. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 29 
 
 Would you like to know the names of 
 these boys? 
 
 They were Samuel Collier, Nat Pecock, 
 James Brumfield and Richard Mutton. 
 
Chapter VII. 
 
 The company started from England in 
 three ships. 
 
 They were called the " Discovery," the 
 "Good Speed," and the "Susan Constant." 
 
 The ships were all small. 
 
 We should not think it safe to cross the 
 ocean in such small vessels now-a-days. 
 
 It took them a long time to come. 
 
 They meant to land at Roanoke Island, 
 but a storm drove them farther north. 
 
 When it cleared away, they were near 
 Chesapeake Bay. 
 
 So they sailed up the bay and landed. 
 
 This was on May 23, 1607. 
 
 30 
 
tN OOLONLAL DAYS. 31 
 
 They looked about for a place to settle. 
 
 At last they came to a low, sandy 
 peninsula. 
 
 There was a narrow strip of land joining 
 it to the mainland. 
 
 The colonists thought it would be easy 
 to keep Indians from crossing this narrow 
 strip. 
 
 So they built their town here. It was 
 called Jamestown for King James. 
 
 All the colonists had to work hard. 
 
 Some of them cleared the land. 
 
 Some cut down trees for lumber. 
 
 Others built little houses. 
 
 The roofs of the houses were covered 
 with moss or orrass. 
 
32 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 As soon as they could, they built a church. 
 Every morning and evening they had 
 services there. 
 
 The minister's name was Mr. Hunt. 
 
 He was a good man and a great help 
 to the colony. 
 
 All the houses were built at last, and the 
 corn was planted. 
 
 Then two of the ships went back to 
 England. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The smallest one was left for the colonists 
 to use. 
 
 Every one was well, and no one wanted 
 to go back to England. 
 
 But how lonesome it was after the ships 
 had gone ! 
 
 While the daylight lasted, it was not so 
 bad. 
 
 At niorht the air was full of strangle noises. 
 
 The wind sighed around the little houses. 
 
34 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The waves moaned on the shore. 
 
 From the woods came the sound of wild 
 beasts. 
 
 And all the time there was the fear of 
 the Indians. 
 
 Those four boys were homesick enough. 
 
 One of them used to cry at night. 
 
 Nothing could stop him. 
 
 Sometimes the men whipped him. 
 
 But he cried just the same. 
 
 Don't you feel sorry for him? 
 
Chapter VIII. 
 
 Now I am going to tell you about Cap- 
 tain John Smith. 
 
 His parents died when he was a small 
 boy, and his uncle had the care of him. 
 
 His uncle wanted him to learn a trade. 
 
 In those days many people went to sea, 
 or travelled in distant lands. 
 
 John Smith thought he would like to do 
 somiCthing like that. 
 
 As his uncle did not wish him to go to 
 sea he ran away from home. 
 
 Runaway boys usually have a hard time. 
 
 Things were not easy for Master John 
 Smith. 
 
 35 
 
CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 37 
 
 He started with some men to eo to 
 France. 
 
 They pretended to be kind to him, but 
 really wanted to steal from him. 
 
 When they reached France, they took his 
 trunk and money from him. 
 
 He had to walk throuQ^h France beo^gine 
 his way. 
 
 At last he started in a ship for Italy. 
 
 A great storm arose, and the vessel 
 nearly sank. 
 
 The people on board thought that Smith, 
 being a strange looking person, had caused 
 the storm. 
 
 Of course he didn't, but people believed 
 such things then. 
 
38 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 So they threw him into the sea. 
 
 He had learned to swim when a boy, and 
 now saved himself by swimmmg to an island. 
 
 No one li\/ed on this island, but there 
 was plenty of fruit. 
 
 Smith did not have to go hungry. 
 
 He did not stay here long. 
 
 Two English vessels soon came in sight. 
 
 Smith made signs to them, and they took 
 him away from the island. 
 
 Next he became a soldier and went to 
 fight the Turks. 
 
 After a time he was taken prisoner by 
 the Turks, and sold as a slave. 
 
 His Turkish mistress was a beautiful 
 princess, who treated him very kindly. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 39 
 
 She sent him as a present to her brother, 
 who hved at a distance. 
 
 She told her brother to use Smith well. 
 But her brother was a very cruel man. 
 
 r 
 
 SMITH WITH IRON COLLAR 
 
 He had a heavy iron collar made, which 
 Smith had to wear. 
 
 Smith had to work hard and was often 
 beaten. 
 
 One day his master was very unkind. 
 
40 W COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Smith turned upon him and struck him 
 a great blow. 
 
 The wicked man fell dead. 
 
 Then Smith dressed himself in his 
 master's clothes, and rode away on his 
 master's horse. 
 
 After many journeys, he reached his 
 friends in England. 
 
 A short time after this, he came to 
 Virginia. 
 
 We shall learn what he did here. 
 
Chapter IX. 
 
 Now let us see what the Jamestown 
 colony has been doing. 
 
 You know, very few of these colonists 
 knew how to work. 
 
 There was much hard work needed to be 
 done, however. 
 
 But most of the men were not willing to 
 help in this hard work. 
 
 They wanted to do nothing but look for 
 gold. 
 
 When they did not find the gold, they 
 were disappointed and cross. 
 
 At last they quarreled with each other. 
 
 41 
 
THE RIVERS WERE FULL OF FISH 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 43 
 
 Then their food became scarce, and what 
 they had was not good. 
 
 The water was very poor and the weather 
 was hot. 
 
 Soon a great many men fell ill. 
 
 It was a terrible summer for them. 
 
 Sometimes there were not enough well 
 people to care for the sick. 
 
 Every day some one died. 
 
 The Indians also began to trouble them. 
 
 One day, some of the colonists were 
 hoeing^ corn outside the town. 
 
 The Indians fell upon them and wounded 
 several. 
 
 A boy was killed. I don't know which 
 one it was. 
 
44 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Perhaps it was the one who had been 
 homesick. 
 
 At times it seemed to the people as if 
 the cool weather would never come. 
 
 Day after day the sun blazed down upon 
 them. 
 
 At night a fog rose from the swamp. 
 
 This was not good weather for the sick 
 people. 
 
 At last September came. 
 
 The winds blew cool, and the corn was 
 ready to harvest. 
 
 The rivers were full of fish, and there 
 was plenty of wild fowl. 
 
 Those who were sick beoran to feel better. 
 ' But only half the colony were left alive. 
 
Chapter X. 
 
 When cold weather came food was scarce 
 again. So Captain Smith said he would 
 go among the Indians for more. 
 
 He got his boat ready and sailed up the 
 river. 
 
 He took several men with him, for he 
 meant to try and get a load of corn from 
 the Indians. 
 
 After a while he landed, and started 
 towards an Indian villao^e. 
 
 He had with him an Indian, whom he 
 thought was friendly, for a guide. On his 
 way he was attacked by a band of the 
 savages. 
 
 45 
 
HE LANDED AND STARTED FOR AN INDIAN VILLAGE 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 47 
 
 What do you think he did? 
 
 He bound his Indian guide to his arm 
 and used him as a shield. 
 
 He shot and wounded several of the 
 savages. 
 
 But as he was walking backwards toward 
 his boat he fell into a soft mud hole. 
 
 He couldn't get out, and the Indians 
 quickly captured him. 
 
 They took him to their chief village. 
 
 It was a long way through the woods. 
 
 Many of the Indians had never seen a 
 white man before. 
 
 But when they reached their village, they 
 treated Smith kindly. 
 
 They put him in one of their houses. 
 
48 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Many Indians came to look at him. 
 
 An Indian, to whom he had been kind, 
 gave him a cloak. 
 
 Large baskets of food were brought to 
 him. 
 
 He was afraid, however, to eat much. 
 
 He thought the Indians might want him 
 to grow fat. 
 
 Then perhaps they would eat him. 
 
 He was very wrong about this, for Indi- 
 ans do not eat people. 
 
Chapter XI. 
 
 After a few days they took Smith before 
 their king. 
 
 The king's name was Powhatan. 
 
 He was a stern looking man, dressed in a 
 fur cloak. 
 
 He sat on a kind of throne before a 
 great fire. 
 
 On each side of the room were rows of 
 Indian warriors. 
 
 Behind them were Indian women. 
 
 All the Indians talked a great deal. 
 
 They could not decide on the best way 
 to put Smith to death. 
 
 Powhatan settled it at last. 
 
 49 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 51 
 
 Some great stones were brought in. 
 
 Smith's head was laid on them. 
 
 Two Indians stood on either side with 
 heavy clubs. 
 
 They were going to kill Smith with these. 
 
 Just as they were ready to strike, an 
 Indian girl ran forward. 
 
 She was the king's daughter. 
 
 Her name was Pocahontas. 
 
 She asked her father not to kill Smith. 
 
 He replied that Smith was an enemy to 
 the Indians, so he ought not to live. 
 
 You know that Indians always kill their 
 enemies. 
 
 Pocahontas had often seen men thus 
 killed. 
 
52 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 I do not know why she wanted Smith to 
 live. 
 
 But it was well for him that she did. 
 
 The Indians raised their clubs again. 
 
 Then Pocahontas ran forward, and threw 
 herself upon Smith. 
 
 They could not strike him without strik- 
 ing her. 
 
 Powhatan was very fond of his daughter, 
 Pocahontas. 
 
 He was always glad to please her. 
 
 So he said Smith might live, and Poca- 
 hontas could have hmi for a slave. 
 
 He could make little baskets for her and 
 tell her stories. 
 
 Smith did not wish to stay with the Indians. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 53 
 
 He wanted to go back to Jamestown with 
 food for the colonists. 
 
 After a short time, Powhatan let him go. 
 He took with him a boat-load of corn. 
 
 He paid for it with beads, knives, fish 
 hooks, and such things. 
 
 The Indians liked trinkets better than 
 money. 
 
 After this Pocahontas was always a 
 friend to the white people. 
 
54 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 She did them many kindnesses. 
 
 Once she came to Jamestown in the night. 
 
 She warned the white men that Indians 
 were coming to kill them. 
 
 So when the Indians came the colonists 
 were ready to meet them. 
 
 Many times she brought them food when 
 they were hungry. 
 
 Smith always treated her kindly and 
 made her many presents. 
 
 In the next two years many things hap- 
 pened at Jamestown. 
 
 Several ships with people came out from 
 England. 
 
 They brought women and children with 
 them. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 55 
 
 It was not so lonely after they came. 
 
 The little houses looked more home-like. 
 
 Soon there were nearly a thousand 
 people in Virginia. 
 
 They did not all live in Jamestown. 
 
 Other towns were built. 
 
 What do you think the boys did in those 
 two years? 
 
 One of them was killed by the Indians, 
 you know. 
 
 The others must have worked hard to 
 help the men. 
 
 One of them, Samuel Collier, was very 
 fond of Captain Smith. 
 
 Smith made many voyages along the 
 coast, and he often took Samuel with him. 
 
56 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Once he left the boy with a tribe of 
 Indians. 
 
 He wanted Samuel to learn the way 
 Indians lived. 
 
 I wonder if Samuel was afraid to stay? 
 
 I think I should have been! 
 
Chapter XII. 
 
 Let me now tell you a queer story about 
 the Indian chief, Powhatan. 
 
 King James of England had heard of 
 the Indian chief, and wished to make him a 
 present. 
 
 He couldn't have understood very well 
 about Indians, for he sent such strange 
 presents! 
 
 First there was a bedstead. 
 
 Next there was a washbowl and pitcher. 
 
 Then there was a beautiful red robe. 
 
 Last of all there was a crown. 
 
 It was arranged that Powhatan should 
 come to Jamestown to get the presents. 
 
 57 
 
58 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 
 
 The chief men were to put on the robe 
 and place the crown on his head. 
 
 A message was then sent to Powhatan, 
 but he would not come to Jamestown, 
 
 If they had anything for him, they might 
 bring it to him, he said. 
 
 So they had to go to his village. 
 
 Powhatan, however, was much pleased 
 with the gifts. 
 
 I am afraid he never used the bowl and 
 pitcher. 
 
 He was willing to put on the red robe. 
 
 Then they wanted him to kneel, and they 
 would put on the crown. 
 
 But the Indian chief would not kneel, 
 and they couldn't make him. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 59 
 
 At last two of them leaned hard on his 
 shoulders. 
 
 That made him bow his head. 
 
 Then they put on the crown. 
 
 Just as they did this, guns were fired. 
 
 Powhatan was much frightened for a 
 
60 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 minute, but he soon saw that no harm was 
 meant. 
 
 He thanked the colonists for their pres- 
 ents, and sent his old robe to King James. 
 
 It was made of raccoon skins. 
 
Chapter XIII. 
 
 Soon after this Captain Smith was hurt 
 while on one of his journeys. 
 
 He had to go home to England to see a 
 doctor. 
 
 Then everything in the colony went 
 wrong. 
 
 You know the people came to look for 
 gold. 
 
 Well, they never found any, and that 
 made them unhappy. 
 
 After Smith went home, they had no 
 good leader. 
 
 So the Indians thought it a good time to 
 attack them. 
 
 61 
 
ONE DAY A VESSEL SAILED UP THE RIVER 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 63 
 
 They killed every white man they saw. 
 
 The colonists were soon very badly off. 
 
 They ate all the food they had. 
 
 Then they lived on roots and berries. 
 
 When the fruit was gone, they killed 
 their animals, even their dogs. 
 
 It was a dreadful time. 
 
 Almost all the colony died of starvation 
 or disease. 
 
 One day a vessel came sailing up the 
 river. 
 
 We can think how glad the colonists 
 must have been to see it. 
 
 They thought they would have some- 
 thing to eat at last. 
 
 But on the vessel were more colonists. 
 
64 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They had started from England long 
 before this. 
 
 On the voyage they had been ship- 
 wrecked. 
 
 For many months they had lived on an 
 island. 
 
 At last they had built a ship and sailed 
 to Jamestown.. 
 
 They had only a little food, and expected 
 to get plenty in Virginia. 
 
 But there was no food for any one at 
 Jamestown. 
 
 The leaders now did not know what 
 to do. 
 
 At last, it was thought best for every 
 one to go back to England. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 65 
 
 It seemed a pity to give up the col- 
 ony after so much work had been done 
 there. 
 
 The poor colonists, however, thought 
 only of getting home. 
 
 They had suffered so much in Virginia. 
 
 All hurried to get on the ship. 
 
 Some of the men wanted to burn the few 
 houses left m Jamestown. 
 
 The captain of the ship would not let 
 them. 
 
 They were just going to sail when another 
 ship was seen commg up the river. 
 
 It was one of a fleet of vessels. 
 
 The fleet was coming to Virginia. 
 
 It brought food enough to last a year. 
 
66 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 A great many more colonists came, too. 
 
 The people all landed again. 
 
 They were glad they had not burned the 
 houses. 
 
 From that time all went well in the 
 colony. 
 
Chapter XIV. 
 
 I want to tell you now something more 
 about Pocahontas. 
 
 You know she did much for the 
 colonists. 
 
 After Captain Smith went away, she did 
 not go often to Jamestown. 
 
 Captam Smith was always kind to her. 
 
 Perhaps the other men were not. 
 
 After a while the Indian chief, Powhatan, 
 treated the white men cruelly. 
 
 A man named Argall was governor of 
 Virginia then. 
 
 He was not a very good man. 
 
 67 
 
68 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 He wanted to make a prisoner of Poca- 
 hontas, and keep her among them. 
 
 Then he thought Powhatan would not 
 trouble the colonists. 
 
 So he coaxed Pocahontas to g-o on board 
 a small vessel. 
 
 Once on board, he would not let her go 
 ashore arain. 
 
 She was taken to Jamestown and kept 
 there. 
 
 All the colonists, however, treated her 
 kindly. 
 
 After a while she did not care to go back 
 to her people. 
 
 She became a Christian. 
 
 Her name was changed to Rebecca. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 69 
 
 That is not as pretty a name as Poca- 
 hontas, I think. 
 
 MARKIAGE OF POCAHONTAS 
 
 She had another Indian name, too. 
 
 It was Mat-o-ax. 
 
 She married one of the colonists, a 
 
70 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 young man named John Rolfe, who took 
 her to England. 
 
 There she saw Captain Smith again. 
 
 How o^lad she was to see him ! 
 
 He wrote a letter to the queen about her. 
 
 He told the queen how good she had 
 been to the colonists. 
 
 Many times they would have starved if 
 she had not given them food. 
 
 Every one in England was kind to her. 
 
 I am sorry to have to tell you that, just 
 as she was going back to Virginia, she died. 
 
 She left a little baby boy. 
 
 He was named Thomas Rolfe. 
 
 He grew to be a man, and later came to 
 Virorinia. 
 
Chapter XV. 
 
 Now, for many years all was quiet in 
 Virginia. 
 
 People had long since 
 given up looking for 
 gold. 
 
 There were other 
 ways of earning a living. 
 
 Almost every one in 
 the colony grew tobacco. 
 
 It was sent away in 
 ships and sold for much 
 
 TOBACCO 
 
 money. 
 Many people grew very rich in this 
 way. 
 
 71 
 
72 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Houses were built in the midst of great 
 plantations. 
 
 Around the great houses were built 
 many small ones. 
 
 In these lived the servants of the rich 
 owner. 
 
 They did all his farm work for him. 
 
 Some of these servants were negroes and 
 were slaves. 
 
 The furniture for the great houses was 
 brought from England. It was handsome 
 and expensive. 
 
 Many of the people wore fine clothes, also, 
 which had to be brought from England. 
 
 They went about on horseback, or were 
 rowed on the rivers by their servants. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 73 
 
 Their lives were very prosperous and 
 happy. 
 
 There were no schools, but the children 
 had teachers at home. 
 
 Sometimes the children of two or three 
 families would study together. 
 
 But poor children in those days had no 
 chance to learn. 
 
 People thought they did not need to 
 study. 
 
 It was enough to know how to work. 
 
 Everybody, however, went to church. 
 
 It was against the law to stay at home. 
 
 These good times did not last, for 
 trouble came after a while. 
 
CHARLES II. 
 
Chapter XVI. 
 
 A man named Berkeley came to be 
 governor of Virginia. 
 
 He was a rich man, and lived in a fine 
 house. 
 
 It was in the midst of a great estate 
 called Green Springs. 
 
 Governor Berkeley was thought to be a 
 good man, and was much beloved. 
 
 He had been governor for many years. 
 
 Charles II. was King of England now. 
 
 Before this, the English rulers had made 
 many unjust laws for Virginia. 
 
 They had said Virginia must send all 
 her goods to England. 
 
 75 
 
76 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 She must send it on English ships, too. 
 
 Virginia did not wish to do this. 
 
 The goods would sell for more money 
 somewhere else. 
 
 When Charles II. became King, he said 
 the laws must be obeyed. 
 
 Then he gave the whole colony of Vir- 
 ginia to two of his friends. 
 
 They taxed the colony in every way. 
 
 Governor Berkeley had to carry out the 
 laws. 
 
 This made the people dislike him. 
 
 For many years there had been no 
 trouble with the Indians. 
 
 People had begun to live farther and 
 farther away from the villages. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 77 
 
 It had seemed safe to do this. 
 
 All at once trouble began. 
 
 Some white people were killed by Indians. 
 
 The people thought Governor Berkeley 
 ought to protect them. 
 
 He was not willing to do this. 
 
 He said the people could easily take care 
 of themselves. 
 
 The Indians kept on burning houses and 
 killing people. 
 
 The white settlers who lived near them 
 formed an army. 
 
 A young man named Bacon was the 
 leader. 
 
 They marched against the Indians and 
 drove them away. 
 
THE INDIANS KEPT ON KILLING PEOPLE. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Governor Berkeley was very angry. 
 
 He said Bacon had no right to lead an 
 army. 
 
 He wanted to arrest Bacon and keep him 
 a prisoner at Jamestown. 
 
 Most of the colonists sided with Bacon. 
 
 A few men thought Berkeley was right. 
 
 Bacon and his men marched aramst 
 Berkeley. 
 
 The governor was driven out of James- 
 town. 
 
 Now every one forgot about the Indian 
 trouble. 
 
 They thought only of Bacon and Gov- 
 ernor Berkeley. 
 
 They wondered which side would win. 
 
Chapter XVII. 
 
 Bacon went up into the country to see 
 some of his friends. 
 
 As soon as he was gone, Governor Berke- 
 ley went back to Jamestown. 
 
 He had gathered together a small army. 
 
 In Jamestown there were several cannon. 
 
 Berkeley meant to use these if Bacon 
 attacked him. 
 
 Bacon hurried back to Jamestown. 
 
 He heard that Governor Berkeley meant 
 to fire the cannon at his army. 
 
 He took a queer way to protect his army. 
 
 There were many men with Berkeley 
 whose homes were outside of Jamestown. 
 
 80 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 81 
 
 Bacon sent his soldiers to these houses. 
 
 They took the women prisoners, and 
 carried them to Bacon's camp. 
 
 Then Bacon put them in front of his army. 
 
 Of course Berkeley's men would not fire 
 then. 
 
 They would be sure to hurt the women. 
 
 So Bacon was successful again. 
 
 Berkeley left Jamestown to get more 
 men, and Bacon sent home the women. 
 
 Bacon was afraid Berkeley would come 
 back with a larger army. 
 
 He thought they might get into James- 
 town and still use the cannon. 
 
 So he and his men set fire to the city. 
 
 All the houses were burned. 
 
82 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 It was the first English city in America. 
 Nothinir is now left of it but a church 
 tower and some gravestones. 
 Soon after this, Bacon died. 
 
 RUINS OP JAMESTOWN 
 
 As there was no one to take his place, 
 his army broke up. 
 
 Governor Berkeley came back. 
 
 He was very angry with every friend of 
 Bacon's. 
 
m Colonial Days. 83 
 
 All who had helped him were severely 
 punished. 
 
 Berkeley showed himself to be very cruel. 
 
 Even the king thought him unjust. 
 
 He was soon called back to England, 
 
 Then matters went on in the Colony as 
 they had before. 
 
MARYLAND. 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 
 When our country was first settled 
 people thought a great deal about religion. 
 
 They talked of it much more than we do 
 to-day. 
 
 Most of the people in England were 
 Protestants. 
 
 Catholics, at that time, were treated very 
 different from Protestants. 
 
 A rich Catholic, named Lord Baltimore, 
 thought this was wrong. 
 
 Catholics and Protestants should be 
 treated alike, he said. 
 
 84 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 85 
 
 He thought It would be a good plan to 
 send Cathohc famihes to the new world. 
 
 He talked with King James about it, and 
 the king thought the idea was a good one. 
 
 So Lord Baltimore purchased a large 
 tract of land in New-found-land. 
 
 Then he sent a company of men to settle 
 the land, and later built a fine house for 
 himself there. 
 
 These people planted grain, and went 
 fishing. 
 
 Many fish are found near New-found- 
 land. 
 
 The colonists, however, did not like their 
 new home, for the winters were so long and 
 cold. 
 
86 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 After a time, Lord Baltimore gave up 
 the colony, and sailed for Virginia. 
 
 Here was just the place for a colony, he 
 thouo^ht. 
 
 But the Jamestown people did not want 
 him there. 
 
 The land had already been given to 
 them. 
 
 Some of them were rude to him. 
 
 He returned to England, and asked the 
 king for land near Virginia. 
 
 The king gave him all he wanted. 
 
 Some of it had already been given to 
 the Jamestown people. 
 
 There was trouble about this after a 
 while. 
 
Chapter XIX. 
 
 Lord Baltimore soon gathered people 
 enough for his new colony. 
 
 There were about three hundred in all. 
 
 Some were Catholics and some were 
 Protestants. 
 
 Lord Baltimore did not care for that. 
 
 He wanted every one treated kindly. 
 
 You remember about the first Jamestown 
 colony. 
 
 Very few of those men knew how to 
 work. 
 
 In Lord Baltimore's colony it was dif- 
 ferent. 
 
 61 
 
)S8 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 There were carpenters, farmers, and all 
 sorts of workingmen among them. 
 
 Some of the men took their wives and 
 children with them. 
 
 There were two good priests in the 
 company. 
 
 They were Father White and Father 
 Altham. 
 
 Just as all was ready, Lord Baltimore 
 died. 
 
 How sorry the company must have been 
 to lose this good friend! 
 
 His oldest son, named Cecil Calvert, now 
 became Lord Baltimore. 
 
 He took his father's place with the 
 company in England. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 89 
 
 His brother, Leonard Calvert, was to go 
 to the new world and be the governor of 
 the colony. 
 
 SECOND LORD BALTIMORE (CECIL) 
 
 All being now ready, the company, in 
 the year 1633, sailed in two vessels. 
 
90 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 
 
 The larger one was called the "Ark," 
 and the smaller one the "Dove." 
 
 Don't you think those are odd names 
 for ships? 
 
 The voyage lasted about four months. 
 
 There were many storms. 
 
 The colonists were often afraid they 
 would never see land again. 
 
 At last they reached an island on the 
 Potomac River. 
 
 In a few days the colonists sailed farther 
 up the river. 
 
 Their land bordered on this river. 
 
 They thought it a beautiful country. 
 
 On each side of the river were great 
 trees. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 91 
 
 There were also many grape vines 
 loaded with grapes. 
 
 Beautiful birds flew about, and the 
 climate was soft and warm. 
 
 It was very different from the cold, bleak 
 country of New-found-land. 
 
 At last, the ships sailed into a little bay, 
 and the people landed on an island. 
 
THEY KNELT DOWN AND THANKED GOD 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 93 
 
 They were now in a country they could 
 call their own. 
 
 They knelt down and thanked God for 
 bringing them there in safety. 
 
 Then they put up a great cross made 
 from the trunk of a tree. 
 
 They said the country should be called 
 Maryland. 
 
 This was in honor of the queen, Hen- 
 rietta Maria, of Engrland. 
 
 While they were on this island, the 
 women folks met with a strange accident. 
 
 The women wanted to wash some clothes, 
 so they went out in a boat to do it. 
 
 Some one leaned over too far, and the 
 boat upset. 
 
94 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The women were nearly drowned, and 
 the clothes were lost. 
 
 This was a pity, for there was no place 
 to buy more clothes. 
 
 The Indians who lived near were very 
 friendly. 
 
 They came to the island to see the 
 colonists. 
 
 They were very much surprised when 
 they saw the great ships. 
 
 They had never seen such large vessels 
 before. 
 
Chapter XX. 
 
 You remember that the Jamestown people 
 had much trouble with the Indians. 
 
 Governor Calvert thouorht it was because 
 the Jamestown people were cruel to the 
 Indians. 
 
 He meant to use them well. 
 
 So he went to see the chief of the 
 Indian villaore. 
 
 The real chief, it appears, was a little 
 baby, so his uncle ruled in his place. 
 
 Governor Calvert asked the uncle if the 
 colonists could stay in that country. 
 
 He said they might stay as long as they 
 wished. 
 
 95 
 
96 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 On his way back to the island, the gov- 
 ernor met a strangre looking^ man. 
 
 He could not tell whether he was a white 
 man or an Indian. 
 
 This man was Capt. Henry Fleet. 
 
 At one time he had gone from James- 
 town to trade with the Indians. 
 
 He was taken prisoner, and lived with 
 them for six years. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 97 
 
 He learned to talk as the Indians did. 
 
 He dressed in Indian clothes. 
 
 At last he grew to look like an Indian. 
 
 Governor Calvert was glad to meet him. 
 
 As Captain Fleet knew the country well, 
 he could be of much use to the colony. 
 
 The island where the white people 
 landed was too small for a town. 
 
 Captain Fleet knew just the right place. 
 
 It was an Indian village, a few miles up 
 the river. 
 
 He took Governor Calvert to see it. 
 
 The Indians did not wish to stay there 
 any longer. 
 
 They were afraid of another savage tribe 
 that lived not far away. 
 
98 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Governor Calvert went to see the chief 
 of the tribe to which the villao^e be- 
 longed. 
 
 He asked if the colonists could live in 
 their village. 
 
 The chief was not very polite. 
 
 He said he didn't care whether they did 
 or not. 
 
 Governor Calvert thoucrht this mio^ht be 
 the Indian's way of saying "yes." 
 
 So he paid for the village. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 99 
 
 What do you think he paid for it? 
 
 Indians would not care for money, you 
 know. 
 
 He gave the chief some axes, hoes, and 
 pieces of cloth. 
 
 The Indians, however, thought they had 
 been well paid. 
 
 Then Governor Calvert went back to the 
 island. 
 
 He told the people about the little town. 
 
 They were all very glad he had found 
 such a pleasant place for them to live in. 
 
 L.iC. 
 
Chapter XXI. 
 
 The boats were got ready and they all 
 sailed up the river to the Indian village. 
 
 Many Indians came down to the shore to 
 see them unload their goods. 
 
 A chief, who lived far away in the forest, 
 came, too. 
 
 He had heard of the white people and 
 their great ships. 
 
 He wanted to see them. 
 
 The colonists treated him, and all the 
 others, as well as they could. 
 
 The governor of Virginia also came to 
 see them at this time. 
 
 100 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 101 
 
 He thought the village a very pleasant 
 place. 
 
 The people named it St. Mary's. 
 
 This was in i 634. 
 
 For a time, the colonists lived in the 
 little huts which had been built by the 
 Indians. 
 
 The largest of these had belonged to the 
 chief. 
 
 It had a sort of bed in it. 
 
 This hut they gave to Father White and 
 Father Altham. 
 
 They used it for a church, and had ser- 
 vices there every day. 
 
 Many Indians stayed in the village. 
 
 They lived with the colonists. 
 
102 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The red children and the white ones 
 played together. 
 
 The good priests taught them all. 
 There was never any trouble with them. 
 
 But after a while the Indians went away 
 to live by themselves. 
 
 They often came back, however, to St. 
 Mary's. 
 
 The priests spent much time with them. 
 
 The priests also visited the Indians in 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 103 
 
 the deep forests around, and told them 
 about the Christian rehgion. 
 
 Many of them came to beheve in it. 
 
 Among these was a chief named Ta-yac. 
 
 He hved far away from St. Mary's. 
 
 When Father White first went to his 
 tribe, Ta-yac was very ill. 
 
 None of the Indian doctors could cure 
 hun. 
 
 Father White gave him some medicine, 
 and he got well. 
 
 After that he tried to please the priest in 
 every way. 
 
 He and his wife became Christians. 
 
 They wished to be baptized. 
 
 A little chapel was built of bark. 
 
104 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 All the Indians of the tribe came to see 
 the baptism. 
 
 Many of the white men came with Gov- 
 ernor Calvert from St. Mary's. 
 
 Ta-yac, the queen, and their two children 
 were then baptized. 
 
 They were given English names. 
 
 Ta-yac was named Charles, and the 
 queen was named Mary. 
 
 They were very proud of their new names. 
 
 Don't you wish we knew what names 
 they gave the children? 
 
 Soon after this Ta-yac sent his little 
 daughter to St. Mary's. 
 
 He wished her to learn to live as the 
 white people did. 
 
Chapter XXII. 
 
 The white people at St. Mary's did not 
 quarrel among themselves as those at 
 Jamestown did. 
 
 They all worked hard and lived happily 
 together. 
 
 Trouble, however, was coming. 
 
 The king had given land to Lord Balti- 
 more which the Virginians thought was 
 theirs. 
 
 Each claimed an island in Chesapeake 
 Bay, called Kent Island. 
 
 There was a little settlement on this 
 island. 
 
 105 
 
106 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The people there traded with the Indi- 
 ans, and earned a good deal of money. 
 
 The chief person in the settlement was a 
 man named Clayborne. 
 
 He said the king had given the island to 
 him. 
 
 He wished to be under the rule of 
 Virginia. 
 
 Governor Calvert said the island be- 
 longed to Maryland. 
 
 He tried to reason with Clayborne about 
 it. 
 
 Clayborne would not listen to him. 
 
 Then Governor Calvert said Clayborne 
 must give up the island. 
 
 Clayborne said he would not. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 107 
 
 Some Kent Island people were out in 
 their boat one day. 
 
 Governor Calvert's men followed them. 
 
 There was a battle, and several men 
 were killed. 
 
 At last the Kent Islanders had to give up. 
 
 They then said they were willing to 
 belong to Maryland. 
 
 Clayborne, however, went to England, 
 and told his story to the king. 
 
 At first the king sided with him, but 
 after a while he thought Maryland should 
 own the island. 
 
 Then Clayborne came back to America, 
 but for many years he made trouble in 
 Maryland. 
 
108 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Once he gained control of the country, 
 and the governor was driven away. 
 
 Clayborne and his friends were not good 
 people. 
 
 They took food from the colonists, and 
 killed their cattle. 
 
 They burned houses and destroyed 
 property. 
 
 The good priest, Father White, was 
 made a prisoner and sent to England. 
 
 At last Governor Calvert got his friends 
 together and went back to Maryland. 
 
 He soon drove away Clayborne and his 
 followers. 
 
 The colonists were glad to return to 
 peaceful times again. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 109 
 
 But this was not the end, for Clayborne 
 was a determined man. 
 
 Many years afterward he also came back 
 to Maryland. 
 
 Governor Calvert was dead, and a man 
 named Stone was governor. 
 
 There was a battle, and the Marylanders 
 were beaten. 
 
 Governor Stone was hurt, and several 
 men were killed. 
 
 The colony then went back to the old 
 bad times again. 
 
 The priests had to go away and live in 
 huts in the forests. 
 
 But, at last, Clayborne was driven away 
 altogether, and there was no more trouble. 
 
Chapter XXIII. 
 
 Away in the forest, many miles from St. 
 Mary's, was an Indian village. 
 
 Great trees were all around it, and 
 narrow, winding paths led to it. 
 
 It was on the bank of a river. 
 
 Many canoes were tied along the shore. 
 
 The houses were made of bark, and had 
 no windows. 
 
 no 
 
IN COLONIAL BAYS. m 
 
 Inside each house was a fireplace. 
 
 As there was no chimney, the smoke 
 from the fire went out the door. 
 
 There was not much else in the houses 
 except the fireplaces. 
 
 Indians do not use chairs and tables as 
 we do. 
 
 In the largest house lived the chief of 
 the tribe. 
 
 This chief had several children. 
 
 One little daughter he loved best of all. 
 
 I do not know what her name was, so we 
 will call her the little Princess. 
 
 She was a pretty little girl, with straight 
 black hair, and black eyes. 
 
 Her skin was of a reddish brown color. 
 

 c-o o e 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 11} 
 
 Her clothes would look strange to us, but 
 the Indians thought them very pretty. 
 
 She had one dress of beaver skin, which 
 was soft and warm. 
 
 A fawn skin dress was smooth and 
 glossy, though not as warm as the beaver. 
 
 Her warm cloak was made of feathers. 
 
 She had bead necklaces and bracelets. 
 
 Her feet were covered with moccasins 
 made of soft skins. 
 
 The chief meant his little daughter to be 
 queen of the tribe after his death. 
 
 He wished to have her very carefully 
 brought up. 
 
 The Indian women would teach her all 
 they knew. 
 
114 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They would teach her to weave baskets 
 from thin strips of wood or bark. 
 
 She would learn to scrape the ground 
 with a sharp stick, and to plant corn. 
 
 INDIAN BASKETS 
 
 Then she must know how to grind corn 
 into meal between two stones. 
 
 The women would teach her to miix the 
 meal with water, make it into balls and 
 fry it. 
 
 This was the chief food of the tribe. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. Il5 
 
 These Indian women made all the clodi- 
 ing they wore. 
 
 Our little Princess would have to do that. 
 
 Then they made belts of wampum out of 
 bits of oyster and clam shells. 
 
 The shells had to be broken first, for 
 only a little of each one was used. 
 
 It took a long time to make a wampum 
 belt. 
 
 Our little Princess would not do that 
 until she was older. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 117 
 
 There were many other things for her to 
 learn. 
 
 But she always had plenty of time to 
 play out-of-doors. 
 
 She could climb a tree like a squirrel, 
 and could swmi like a fish. 
 
 She could set snares for rabbits, and 
 could catch fish with a net. 
 
 She could run like a deer, and could 
 paddle a canoe. 
 
 She was a healthy, happy little girl. 
 
 One day she was on the bank of the river. 
 
 Away down the stream she saw a strange 
 canoe. 
 
 As it came nearer, she saw it was of a 
 different shape from those of the Indians. 
 
118 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Indian canoes are made of bark, or are 
 hollowed out of the trunk of a tree. 
 
 This one was made from strips of 
 wood. 
 
 In the canoe were three people. 
 
 One was an Indian, but the other two 
 had white faces. 
 
 The little Princess had never seen such 
 people before. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 119 
 
 She ran to tell her father, for she was 
 afraid. 
 
 Her father told her not to be frightened; 
 he had heard of these men before. 
 
 He went down to the shore and wel- 
 comed the strangers. 
 
 Many of the Indians came out of their 
 houses. 
 
 They, too, had heard of the white men, 
 but had never seen them. 
 
 The strangers, the two white men and 
 the Indian, walked to the chief's house. 
 
 One of the white men was Father White, 
 the good priest. 
 
 The other was a boatman. 
 
 The Indian came with them to tell 
 
120 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 other Indians what the white people 
 said. 
 
 Father White stayed in the village sev- 
 eral days. 
 
 The chief was glad to have him, and 
 listened to everything he said. 
 
 The little Princess also liked to have him 
 talk to her. 
 
 He told her of the white children at St. 
 Mary's. 
 
 The things they did seemed strange to 
 her. 
 
 After this. Father White often came to 
 the village. 
 
 The chief and many of the Indians be- 
 came Christians. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 121 
 
 Then something happened to the httle 
 Princess. 
 
 One morning she rose early and put on 
 her best dress. 
 
 Then she said good-bye to her mother, 
 brothers and sisters. 
 
 She did not kiss them, for Indians never 
 do that. 
 
 Her father was waiting for her at the 
 river's bank. 
 
 They got into a canoe and paddled off 
 
 Where do you think they were going ? 
 
 The father was taking his little daughter 
 to St. Mary's. 
 
 He wanted Father White to have the 
 care of her. 
 

 THEY GOT INTO A CANOE AND PADDLED OFF 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 123 
 
 She was to be brought up like a white 
 girl. 
 
 Her father thoug^ht she would then make 
 a better queen for her people. 
 
 I wonder if the little Princess wanted to 
 leave her home. 
 
 She was only seven years old. 
 
 Perhaps she was too young to think 
 much about it. 
 
 When they reached St. Mary's, the 
 chief took the little Princess to Father 
 White. 
 
 The priest had found a pleasant home 
 for her. 
 
 She was to live with Mrs. Margaret 
 Brent. 
 
124 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Mrs. Brent was a cousin of Governor 
 Calvert. 
 
 She was a very kind woman. 
 
 Everything seemed strange to the httle 
 Princess. 
 
 In the first place she was given a new 
 name. 
 
 No one called her by her Indian name. 
 
 She was Mary Brent, now. 
 
 Her Indian dress was laid away, too. 
 
 She was dressed as the white children 
 were. 
 
 In those days, children's clothes were 
 made just like those of grown people. 
 
 So Mary Brent wore queer little long 
 dresses. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 125 
 
 Her waist was drawn in with stays, to 
 make it small. 
 
 Her straight black hair was combed up 
 hio^h on her head. 
 
 There was no place at St. Mary's to buy 
 clothes. 
 
 Mrs. Brent sent to England for Mary's 
 things. 
 
 As she was a princess she had very rich 
 dresses, I suppose. 
 
 They were made of silk and velvet, and 
 trimmed with lace. 
 
 She had fine silk stockings and soft thin 
 shoes. 
 
 At first she did not like her new 
 clothes. 
 
126 
 
 m COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They seemed stiff and uncomfortable to 
 her. 
 
 It was hard for her to stay in a house, 
 for she had lived much out-of-doors. 
 
Chapter XXIV. 
 
 There were many things \n Mrs. Brent's 
 house of which the Princess did not know 
 the use. 
 
 In her own home there were no chairs 
 and tables, no mirrors, no silver ware, and 
 no china dishes. 
 
 The little Prmcess had never before seen 
 a bedstead with its white cover, blankets 
 and sheets. 
 
 Her food seemed strange to her, and she 
 could not eat it at first. 
 
 I think she must have been a poor home- 
 sick little girl. 
 
128 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 She was anxious to please her father, so 
 she tried to do right. 
 
 Mrs. Brent was knid to her and treated 
 her hke a daughter. 
 
 She took her to pay visits, dressed in her 
 fine clothes. 
 
 They usually went by water, with ser- 
 vants to row the boat. 
 
 Wherever they went, Mary was treated 
 kindly. 
 
 She made many friends among the white 
 children. 
 
 Mrs. Brent often asked the white chil- 
 dren to visit her. 
 
 After a time the strangeness wore away, 
 and Mary grew to seem like a white girl. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 129 
 
 She learned to sew nicely, to cook, and 
 to keep a house in order. 
 
 Perhaps she was taught to read and 
 write. 
 
 Most girls were not taught very much 
 from books at that time. 
 
 Mary was to be a queen some day, so 
 she may have studied hard. 
 
 Every day she went to church, and the 
 priests spent much time with her. 
 
 They wished her to be able to tell her 
 people all about the Christian religion. 
 
 Her father often came to see her, and 
 was pleased with her. 
 
 At last she grew to be a woman, and was 
 married. 
 
130 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 She married an Englishman, just as 
 Pocahontas did. Soon after this, Mary's 
 father died. 
 
 Then every one thought Mary would be 
 queen of the tribe. 
 
 I think the life of an Indian woman 
 would have seemed strange and hard to 
 her. 
 
 She had lived at St. Mary's for so many 
 years. 
 
 Well, she didn't have to try it. 
 
 The tribe would not have her for a 
 queen. 
 
 They said it was against their laws for a 
 chief to leave the tribe to his son or 
 daughter. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. I3l 
 
 The brother or sister of the dead chief 
 should rule. 
 
 So they chose Mary's uncle for their 
 chief 
 
 This made much trouble for Mary. 
 
 The priests were disappointed, for they 
 had thouo^ht she could do so much raod 
 among her people. 
 
 Mrs. Brent was sorry, for she had taught 
 Mary very carefully. 
 
 She had hoped Mary would teach other 
 Indians girls in the same way. 
 
 But worst of all, was Mary's English 
 husband. 
 
 He had thought it a fine thing to marry 
 an Indian princess. 
 
132 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Some time he thought he would help 
 her to rule her tribe. 
 
 When he found that she was just like 
 any other Indian girl, he didn't care for 
 her. 
 
 And Mary herself? 
 
 I don't know how she felt. 
 
 Perhaps she thought she would be just 
 as happy at St. Mary's. 
 
 She may have lived with the white 
 people for the rest of her life. 
 
 Or perhaps she went back to her own 
 people and did what good she could. 
 
 Poor little princess. It is a sad story, I 
 thmk. 
 
THE CAROLINAS. 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 
 You remember the story of the Lost 
 Colony and Httle Virginia Dare. 
 
 That colony was left on Roanoke Island. 
 
 Many years before, the French had also 
 tried to make a settlement not far from that 
 place. 
 
 A small company came from France 
 with Jean Ribaut for a leader. 
 
 They sailed along the coast of what is 
 now South Carolina. 
 
 After they landed, they built a fort. 
 
 Around it they put up some little houses. 
 
 Their town was called Port Royal. 
 
 Ribaut (re-bo') 133 
 
134 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 At this time, Charles IX. was king of 
 France. 
 
 The colonists named their new home 
 Carolma m honor of their kmg. 
 
 When the houses were built, Ribaut 
 went back to France for supplies. 
 
 The colonists should then have gone to 
 work planting corn. 
 
 Instead of that, like the Englishmen, they 
 spent all their time hunting for gold. 
 
 Now we know there is no grold in this 
 part of America. 
 
 They did not know it then, and people 
 were always looking for it. 
 
 At first the Indians were very kind to 
 the colonists. 
 
TN COLONIAL BAYS. 135 
 
 They thought white people were children 
 of the sun. 
 
 They were glad to carry food to the 
 fort. 
 
 The colonists were disappointed, how- 
 ever, when they found no gold. 
 
 Soon they quarrelled among themselves, 
 and killed their leader. 
 
 They begged food of the Indians for a 
 long time. 
 
 At last the Indians would orive them no 
 more. 
 
 They had nothing then to eat but roots 
 and a few fish. 
 
 Was it not fortunate there were no 
 women or children with them? 
 
136 
 
 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 
 
 Every day they looked for Ribaut, but 
 he did not come. 
 
 Then they built a crazy sort of boat. 
 
 They took what food they could get and 
 went to sea. 
 
 They sailed for days and days. 
 
 Their food soon gave out, and some of 
 them died of hunger. 
 
 At last an English vessel picked them 
 up, and carried them to England. 
 
 They were very thankful to reach any 
 land once more. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 137 
 
 Not long after this, another colony of 
 Frenchmen came out. 
 
 They landed farther down the coast than 
 the first one 
 
 A colony of Spaniards was not far away. 
 
 The Spaniards hated the French people, 
 and thought all the land belonged to them. 
 
 One day they marched upon the French 
 colony and killed almost every one. 
 
 It was many years before any other 
 white people tried to live in the Carolinas. 
 
QUAKERS 
 
 Chapter XXVI, 
 
 You remember that in 1607 Jamestown 
 was settled. 
 
 After a few years, Virginia became a 
 thriving colony. 
 
 Most of the people were happy and 
 contented. 
 
 las 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 139 
 
 There were some, however, who were 
 
 uneasy. 
 
 They did not Hke to obey all the laws of 
 
 the colony. 
 
 There was one law which said every one 
 must go to church. 
 
 Those who did not go were punished. 
 
 A number of Quakers went to Virginia 
 
 to live. 
 
 They did not believe just as the Virgin- 
 ians did. 
 
 They wanted to go to their own church. 
 
 The Virginians would not let them. 
 
 First the Quakers were fined, then they 
 were whipped. 
 
 At last they were driven out of the colony. 
 
140 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Where could thev to? 
 
 Massachusetts did not want Quakers, for 
 they had just come from there. 
 
 They could not go back to England, for 
 the king of England wanted every one to 
 oo to the same church. 
 
 There was nothing left but to go where 
 there were no white people and no laws. 
 
 So they started out into the wilder- 
 ness. 
 
 With their wives and children, they went 
 toward the South. 
 
 The leader of the company was Roger 
 Greene. 
 
 Very likely, people who were not Quakers 
 went with them. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 141 
 
 They traveled for days through the 
 forests. 
 
 There were no roads and it was hard to 
 make a way, so they went very slowly. 
 
 At night they built a great fire, and 
 cooked their food. 
 
 Then they went to sleep. 
 
 Some one always had to watch, as the In- 
 dians might creep on them in the darkness. 
 
 There were also many wild animals in 
 the woods, but the camp-fires would keep 
 them away. 
 
 In the early morning the colonists would 
 start again. 
 
 What a lonely journey it must have been. 
 
 At last the end was reached. 
 
142 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The land around Albemarle Sound was 
 very fertile. 
 
 SOME ONE ALWAYS HAD TO WATCH 
 
 The Indians were willing to sell it. So 
 the white people settled there. 
 
 This was the beginning of North Caro- 
 lina. It was in the year 1653. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 143 
 
 Now every one was busy clearing land, 
 and building houses. 
 
 They did not settle near together, so no 
 town was built. 
 
 THERE WERE ALSO MANY WILD ANIMALS 
 
 After this others came from Virmnia. 
 Sometimes a number of families came 
 together. 
 
 Again, one family alone would come. 
 
144 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 All of these people were not good set- 
 tlers, however. 
 
 Many of them had been forced to leave 
 Virginia for doing wrong. 
 
 Some came because they liked to travel 
 about. 
 
 A few, like the Quakers, came to make 
 homes for themselves. 
 
 Such people became the chief men of the 
 colony. 
 
 The others were always quarrelling 
 among themselves. 
 
 As time went on, they made much 
 trouble in the colony. 
 
Chapter XXVII. 
 
 Just north of South America is an island 
 called Barbadoes. 
 
 It belongs to England and many English 
 people live there. 
 
 Many years ago it was an important 
 place. 
 
 We do not hear much about it now. 
 
 The climate is hot, and at some seasons 
 is unhealthy. 
 
 In 1663, a number of people in Barba- 
 does thought they would go to a more 
 healthy country. 
 
 They had heard of the Carolinas, and 
 thought they would like to go there. 
 
 145 
 
146 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 A party set out to explore the country. 
 
 As they sailed up the rivers, the Indians 
 came down to the banks. 
 
 Most of them had seen white people 
 before. 
 
 They were friendly, however, to the ex- 
 plorers. 
 
 On the shore of the Cape Fear River a 
 settlement had been made. 
 
 Some New England people had lived 
 there for three years. 
 
 They had come to the Carolinas to raise 
 cattle. 
 
 The cattle thrived well, but the people 
 did not. 
 
 They had trouble with the Indians. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 147 
 
 It is said that they did not treat the 
 Indians fairly. 
 
 They took Indian children and sent them 
 to New England. 
 
 They said the children would go to 
 school there. 
 
 But really, it was believed, that the poor 
 little savages were sold for slaves! 
 
 No wonder there was trouble between 
 the white people and the Indians. 
 
 The New Englanders soon left the 
 country. 
 
 On a paper, they wrote that the land 
 was very poor. 
 
 They fastened this paper to a post. 
 
 The Barbadoes people found it there. 
 
148 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They did not agree with the New Eng- 
 landers. 
 
 They thought it a beautiful and fertile 
 country. 
 
 It was just the place for a colony, they 
 said. 
 
 So they went back to Barbadoes with a 
 good report. 
 
 A company soon came and made a set- 
 tlement. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. I49 
 
 It was on the Cape Fear River, and was 
 called Charleston. 
 
 They lived here for some time, but at 
 last went up to live with the Quakers. 
 
 The Quaker settlement was farther north, 
 you know. 
 
 There is no trace left of this first town (A 
 Charleston. 
 
Chapter XXVIII. 
 
 Charles II. was king of England at this 
 time. 
 
 He had many friends, and liked to give 
 them presents. 
 
 A tract of land in America was thought 
 a very good gift. 
 
 Charles heard of the Carolinas. 
 
 Colonies, it was said, could easily be 
 formed there. 
 
 The land was fertile, and much money 
 could be made from crops. 
 
 People no longer expected to pick up 
 gold everywhere in America. 
 
 150 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 151 
 
 Charles gave the Carohnas to a party of 
 his friends. 
 
 They had heard of the settlements al- 
 ready there. 
 
 A good beginning had been made, they 
 thought. 
 
 At this time, Sir John Teamans was 
 governor at Cape Fear. 
 
 The company sent to him to find a good 
 place for a new colony. 
 
 He took three vessels, and sailed toward 
 the South. 
 
 The land along the coast was very low 
 and sandy. 
 
 He sailed up several rivers and found 
 the soil fertile. 
 
152 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Wherever he went the Indians seemed 
 friendly. 
 
 One chief asked him to visit his tribe in 
 the forest. 
 
 The chief said he would like to have the 
 white people live near him. 
 
 At last Governor Teamans reached Port 
 Royal. That was where Ribaut's colony 
 had been. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 153 
 
 Governor Teamans thought it a good 
 place for a colony. 
 
 The company in England was pleased 
 with his story. 
 
 They began at once to plan a settlement 
 at Port Royal. 
 
 The men of this company were all 
 rich. 
 
 They were able to spend much money 
 on their colony. 
 
 Those people who could not afford to 
 pay for their journey could go free. 
 
 The colonists at last set out in three 
 ships. 
 
 This was in i 667. 
 
 The voyage was long and hard. 
 
154 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 One ship was lost on the way. 
 The colonists were very glad when at 
 last they reached Port Royal. 
 
Chapter XXIX. 
 
 The Indian chief could not have been 
 honest with Sir John Teamans. 
 
 He said the white people could live in 
 his country. 
 
 But when the white people came, the 
 Indians were very unfriendly. 
 
 The colonists had a hard time. 
 
 It seemed as if it was harder for them 
 than it. had been for the Jamestown colo- 
 nists. 
 
 You know, at first, there were only men 
 in the Jamestown colony. 
 
 These people at Port Royal had brought 
 their wives and children. 
 
 155 
 
THEY HAD TO BE CUT POWN 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 157 
 
 The country was all covered with a thick 
 forest of trees. 
 
 These had to be cut down before the 
 houses could be built. 
 
 Half of the company worked at this, while 
 the other half had to watch for Indians. 
 
 Another thing, the climate of South 
 Carolina is very hot, and the colonists were 
 not used to anything like it. 
 
 Many were overcome with heat. 
 
 Then the work was so hard and new to 
 them that some of them became ill. 
 
 Worse still, they hardly dared to sleep at 
 night for fear of Indians. 
 
 Some one must always be on the look 
 out. 
 
cr 
 
 r. ,', -o 
 
 
 
 ^-Tv-^- fv:" (g^ 
 
 :-':-'^ 
 
 THE " BLESSING " 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They all tried to be brave, and hoped 
 for better times. piU^ 
 
 They planted plenty of grain, but before 
 it was ripe their food became very scarce. 
 
 For a long time they 4«=ed on_the fish 
 which they caught. ^*^^ 
 
 It seemed as if their grain would never 
 be ready to harvest. 
 
 One day a sail was seen approaching. 
 
 At first they thought it might be a 
 Spanish ship. 
 
 The Spaniards often attacked settlements 
 near the coast. 
 
 The people expected to be killed. 
 
 How glad they were when they saw an 
 English flag flying from the mast. 
 
160 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 It was the ship " Blessing," sent to them 
 with suppHes and men. 
 
 It must have seemed a blessing, indeed, 
 to the starving colonists. 
 
Chapter XXX. 
 
 The people on the "Blessing" brought 
 orders from the company in England. 
 
 A town was to be started at once. 
 
 It was to be called Charleston, for the 
 king. 
 
 They settled on a place for their town, 
 but afterward changed it. 
 
 In the new place, they built houses and 
 a church. 
 
 This town was the beginning of the city 
 of Charleston. 
 
 The colonists found it hard to make their 
 town succeed. 
 
 161 
 
1(52 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 In the first place, there was often trouble 
 with the Spaniards. 
 
 They were settled in Florida, not very 
 far away. 
 
 They often attacked the colonists at 
 Charleston. 
 
 Then, in 1696, a number of serious 
 troubles befell the town. 
 
 At that time, there were many wicked 
 men on the sea. 
 
 They were called pirates and attacked 
 vessels. 
 
 If a ship was going home with a rich 
 cargo, the pirates were sure to attack it. 
 
 They would kill the sailors, and take the 
 treasures. 
 
IN COLONIAL BAYS. 163 
 
 Then they would sail to some shel- 
 tered place to divide what they had 
 taken. 
 
 For many years these pirates visited the 
 shores of the Carollnas. 
 
164 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The people of the colonies were not all 
 good, you know. 
 
 Some of them were willing to share with 
 the pirates. 
 
 If they were given a part of the treasure, 
 they made no trouble. 
 
 Once the pirates were angry with the 
 Charleston people. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 165 
 
 They attacked the town, and burned sev- 
 eral vessels in the harbor, and many people 
 were killed. 
 
 In the same year, a fearful storm did 
 much damas^e to the settlers. 
 
 The coast of Carolina is very low. 
 
 During the storm the sea came up over 
 the land, and washed away houses, people 
 and animals. 
 
 More than half of Charleston was de- 
 stroyed. 
 
 Still worse, before the houses could 
 be rebuilt, there was a great fire in the 
 city. 
 
 Many people lost their lives while trying 
 to save their homes. 
 
166 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 There was yet one more misfortune for 
 the city. 
 
 While the people were trying to make 
 the best of things, a dreadful sickness broke 
 out. It carried off men, women and chil- 
 dren. 
 
 Should you think any one would have 
 been left in the city? 
 
 There must have been, for the houses 
 were soon rebuilt, and everything went on 
 as before. 
 
Chapter XXXI. 
 
 After Charleston was settled, people came 
 from many countries to South Carolina. 
 
 Before many years there were French, 
 German, Swiss and Scotch people in the 
 colony. 
 
 A company came from Dorchester, in 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 Their leader was Mr. Lord, a minister. 
 
 They built a town, which they called 
 Dorchester, for their old home. 
 
 They did not like South Carolina, how- 
 ever, and after a while went to Georgia. 
 
 Here they built another town. They 
 named it Dorchester, too. 
 
 167 
 
A SWISS MAIDEN 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. . 169 
 
 The people who came from Switzerland 
 were very unhappy. 
 
 You know Switzerland is a mountainous 
 country. 
 
 The air is clear and cold, but it is hard 
 to earn a living there. 
 
 Some of the Swiss people heard of the 
 Carolmas. 
 
 They thought it must be a beautiful 
 country. 
 
 It would be easy to get money there, for 
 the soil was so fertile. 
 
 So these people sold their little homes 
 among the mountains. 
 
 They took what money they had, and 
 came across the sea. 
 
170 IN COLONIAL DATS. 
 
 They all settled In one place, and went 
 to work. 
 
 But how homesick they were. 
 
 The low, sandy country seemed terrible 
 to them. 
 
 They longed for their mountains. 
 
 The hot sun scorched them, and the soft 
 air took away their strength. 
 
 They tried to raise silk worms and set 
 out many mulberry trees. 
 
 But nothing went well with them, for 
 they were all so sad. 
 
 Many died from homesickness, and 
 others from the effects of the climate. 
 
 The settlement broke up after a short 
 time. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 171 
 
 Some of the people joined other settle- 
 ments. 
 
 Most of them went back to Switzerland. 
 
 The French people, however, prospered 
 in South Carolina. 
 
 We will read of them in the next story. 
 
Chapter XXXII. 
 
 I have told you that people thought 
 much about religion \n those days. 
 
 In France, the king and the rulers were 
 Catholics. 
 
 Some of the people, however, were Prot- 
 estants and were called Huguenots. 
 
 The king wished all French men to be 
 Catholics. 
 
 But many of the Huguenots would not 
 chano^e their reliorion. 
 
 The king said they should be punished. 
 
 Still they would not change, and many 
 of them went to the forests at night and 
 had meetino^s. 
 
 172 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 173 
 
 If the king's soldiers knew of this, they 
 would not allow it. 
 
 They would kill or imprison all who went. 
 
 At last, the Huguenots thought they must 
 leave France. 
 
 They did not want to do this, for it was 
 their home. 
 
 They loved its sunny, vine covered hills. 
 
 They loved their old friends and neigh- 
 bors. 
 
 It would be hard to leave it all. 
 
 When the king heard that they meant to 
 leave, he said they should not. 
 
 He set his soldiers to watch every road. 
 
 Think how hard it was for these poor 
 people. 
 
174 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They could not stay in peace, and they 
 could not leave. 
 
 But the soldiers could not watch every 
 little path. 
 
 Many paths wound over the mountains 
 and through deep forests. 
 
 A number of Huguenots escaped over 
 these by-ways. 
 
 They did not go in large companies, for 
 the soldiers might see them. 
 
 A few went at a time. 
 
 Sometimes a father would take one or 
 two children and start. 
 
 He would tell his wife to meet him at a 
 certain place. 
 
 Then he would take one of the nar- 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 175 
 
 row paths, and follow it over the moun- 
 tains. 
 
 In a few days the wife would start, taking 
 the rest of the children by a different way. 
 
 If the soldiers did not catch them the 
 family would unite at last. 
 
 It might be after weeks, or even months, 
 of travel. 
 
 They would meet at some place outside 
 of France. 
 
 Many Huguenots went to England. 
 
 In 1685, a party came to America. 
 
 There were about five hundred in all. 
 
 They landed in South Carolina. 
 
 How happy they must have been to 
 reach a safe place. 
 
HUGUENOTS ESCAPI.NC 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 177 
 
 Now they could worship as they pleased. 
 No one would trouble them. 
 
 Most of them settled in Charleston, and 
 helped to make it a fine city. 
 
 They built a church, and many beautiful 
 houses. 
 
 The next year a larger company came 
 over. 
 
 They made new settlements not far from 
 Charleston. 
 
 The Huguenots were sober, industrious 
 people. 
 
 They knew how to make silk and wine. 
 
 They were a great help to the colony, 
 and to-day many of their descendants are 
 still living in South Carolina. 
 
Chapter XXXIII. 
 
 When South CaroHna was first settled, 
 the people tried to raise silk worms. 
 
 The climate was not quite right for this 
 work, so it was given up. 
 
 Then they tried to raise olives, but the 
 trees did not flourish. 
 
 Then they set out great vmeyards, and 
 thought they would make wine. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 179 
 
 But grapes did not seem to be just the 
 right crop, either. 
 
 One day a ship from Mada- 
 gascar, on its way to England, 
 stopped at Charleston. 
 
 The captain had a little bag of 
 rice seed. 
 
 He thouorht rice mio^ht be made 
 to grow in Carolina, so he gave 
 the seed to the governor, whose 
 name was Smith. 
 
 Governor Smith divided the 
 seed among four of his friends. 
 Now, rice needs a hot, moist 
 climate, and it must be raised on wet 
 land. 
 
180 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Much of the time it needs to be under 
 water. 
 
 South CaroHna happened to be just the 
 right place for it. 
 
 The cHmate is hot and moist, and the 
 land is so low as to be easily flooded. 
 
 The friends of the governor planted their 
 seed. 
 
 They were surprised at the crop which 
 came from it. 
 
 There was one drawback, however. 
 
 Rice needs a great deal of care; people 
 have to stand in the water for hours tend- 
 ing it. 
 
 White people cannot do this. 
 
 They soon sicken and die. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 181 
 
 Negroes, who are used to a hot cHmate, 
 do not mind it so much. 
 
 There were some negro slaves in the 
 CaroHnas already. 
 
 Many more were bought, and everybody 
 began to raise rice. 
 
 It did not grow so well in North Caro- 
 lina. 
 
 There the people raised tobacco. 
 
 Now that just the right crops were 
 found, these colonies prospered well. 
 
Chapter XXXIV. 
 
 In South Carolina, Charleston was the 
 only large city. 
 
 Most of the planters lived there. 
 
 They had great brick houses, finely fur- 
 nished. 
 
 Their furniture and clothinor were brouofht 
 from Eno^land. 
 
 The people went to church every Sunday. 
 
 They amused themselves on week days 
 in different ways. 
 
 Some people went to horse races, or 
 went hunting. 
 
 183 
 
GOING TO THE BALL 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 185 
 
 Others went to balls and parties. 
 
 Life was very gay indeed. 
 
 The ladies wore beautiful dresses, and 
 did no work. 
 
 There were so many slaves, that the 
 white people did not need to work. 
 
 The children did not go to school in the 
 Carolinas. 
 
 There were no schools, so they couldn't. 
 
 They were taught at home by teachers 
 who came from England. 
 
 As soon as the boys were old enough 
 they were sent to England to school. 
 
 The girls did not study books very 
 much. 
 
 They were taught to sing and play on 
 
186 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 musical instruments, and to embroider and j 
 
 I 
 
 paint. ! 
 
 There was one girl, however, who learned j 
 to do useful thinors. 
 
 I 
 
 I will tell you about this little girl by 
 and by. 
 
 In North Carolina there were no large ; 
 towns. j 
 
 The people lived on plantations far from | 
 
 I 
 
 each other. i 
 
 The c^reat house of the owner was sur- I 
 
 rounded by little houses. 
 
 The slaves lived in these, and did all the 
 
 work on the plantations. ! 
 
 The people did not go to church, for ! 
 
 I 
 there were no churches to go to. ' 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 187 
 
 The Quakers were the first to come to- 
 gether for meetings. 
 
 There were no schools in North Carohna 
 either. 
 
 I suppose the children were taught as 
 they were in South Carolina. 
 
 The children must have been very lonely 
 at times. 
 
 \ou see, there were no schools, no 
 churches, and no neighbors. 
 
 How glad they must have been if a 
 stranger happened to come their way. 
 
 It would give them something to think 
 about for days. 
 
 I don't know what they did when they were 
 sick, as there were no doctors in the colony. 
 
188 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Perhaps everybody was well. 
 
 In those early days, North Carolina 
 could not have been a very comfortable 
 place to live in. 
 
 As time went on, however, thmgs grew 
 better, and at last it came to be a strong and 
 prosperous State. 
 
Chapter XXXV. 
 
 Now I am going to tell you of Eliza 
 
 Lu 
 
 cas. 
 
 She was the g^irl who learned to do useful 
 things. 
 
 The Carolinas had been settled for more 
 than fifty years, when she was born. 
 
 There were many people in the colony. 
 
 Plantations were scattered along the 
 banks of all the rivers. 
 
 The owners of most of these lived in 
 Charleston. 
 
 Their plantations were managed by over- 
 seers. 
 
 All the work was done by negroes. 
 
 lay 
 
190 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Eliza's father had become governor of an 
 island near South America. 
 
 Eliza was a young girl, only eighteen or 
 twenty years old. 
 
 She did not care to live in Charleston 
 and go to balls and parties. 
 
 She liked to live on the plantation and 
 look after it. 
 
 Rice and tobacco, you remember, were 
 the most important crops. 
 
 Eliza saw that the work of raismg them 
 on her father's plantation was done properly. 
 
 She liked to try to raise other things also. 
 
 So her father sent her seeds and plants 
 from his island. 
 
 Some of them t/rew and some did not. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 191 
 
 She raised cotton and ginger, and grapes 
 for raisins. 
 
 She also set out an orchard of oak trees. 
 
 These would help to 
 build ships some time, 
 she thought. 
 
 Then she raised silk- 
 worms and made beauti- 
 ful silk. 
 
 But the best thing she 
 
 tried was to raise indigo. 
 
 This is the plant from 
 
 'ND.Go which bluing is made-. 
 
 At that time it was not raised as far north 
 
 as South Carolma. 
 
 It was a very valuable crop. 
 
SHE PLANTED THE SEEDS 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 193 
 
 Eliza's father had sent her some seeds of 
 the indigo plant. 
 
 She planted the seeds, and they came up 
 well, but a frost cut them down. 
 
 So next year Eliza planted more seed, 
 and agam it came up. 
 
 But this time worms ate the plants. 
 
 How disappointed she must have been. 
 
 Still she tried arain. 
 
 The third time all went well, and she had 
 a fine crop. 
 
 It was very hard, however, to make the 
 bluino^. 
 
 Eliza did not know exactly how to do it. 
 
 Her father then sent a man from his 
 island to teach her. 
 
194 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 This man looked over her field, and 
 saw that South Carolina was just the place 
 to raise indigo. 
 
 But he felt afraid that his island would 
 lose some of its trade in indig^o. 
 
 So he did not show Eliza the right way 
 to prepare the bluing. 
 
 I don't know how she found this out, but 
 she did at last. 
 
 Then she made him do the work properly. 
 
 She watched him carefully and learned 
 just how he did it. 
 
 Not long after this Eliza was married to 
 a Mr. Pinckney. 
 
 Her father then gave her all the indigo 
 plants on his plantation. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 195 
 
 She took them to her new home, and some 
 she set out herself, others she gave away. 
 
 Soon, many people in the colony were 
 raising indigo. 
 
 It was one of the best crops they had for 
 many years. 
 
 It was worth much money. 
 
 A load of it would pay for a year at 
 college. 
 
 It would buy furniture and clothing. 
 
 By raising it, the colony grew very wealthy. 
 
 Eliza must have been glad that she 
 planted the seeds. 
 
 No one raises indigo in South Carolina 
 now, as cotton is a more valuable crop. 
 
 But Indigo was very valuable in those days. 
 
GEORGIA. i 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVI. 
 
 Poor people used to have a hard time in j 
 
 j 
 
 Eno-land. i 
 
 Work in those days was apt to be scarce, 
 
 and wao^es were low. 1 
 
 If a man had a large family, he could \ 
 
 not always earn enough to buy food and 
 
 clothing. 
 
 Then he had to run in debt. 
 
 If the debts were not paid, the law said 
 
 { 
 
 he must go to prison. j 
 
 These prisons were dreadful places to ; 
 live in. 
 
 196 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 197 
 
 Many of the prisoners were sent there, 
 for a tmie, for doine somethino" wicked. 
 
 The poor debtors, however, had to stay 
 in prison until their debts were paid. 
 
 And there was no way of earning money 
 in prison. 
 
 Unless his friends paid his debts, a 
 debtor might stay m prison for years and 
 years. 
 
 Now, there is nothing wicked about be- 
 ing poor. 
 
 Because a man has been unfortunate, it 
 does not seem right to lock him up in 
 prison. 
 
 For a long time, no one in England 
 thought anything about this. 
 
198 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 At last, a man named James Oglethorpe 
 visited the prisons. 
 
 OGLETHORPE 
 
 He saw the good people and the bad 
 huddled in tog^ether. 
 
 It did not seem right to him at all. 
 
 If these poor debtors had a chance, 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 199 
 
 they would be glad to earn money, he 
 thought. Then they could pay their debts. 
 
 Oglethorpe was a good, kind man. 
 
 He had many friends and was much 
 respected by them. 
 
 He told his friends about the prisons he 
 had seen, and about the poor debtors. 
 
 He and his friends thought they would 
 ask the king for some land in America. 
 
 Then they would take a company of 
 poor people from the prisons, and form a 
 colony there. 
 
 The people would thus have a chance 
 to support themselves. 
 
 Only good and kind men would have 
 thought of such a plan. 
 
200 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Oglethorpe wrote to the king, telHng him 
 what they wished to do. 
 
 King George, who was then king of 
 England, was pleased with the idea, and 
 gave them some land. 
 
 It was between South Carolina and 
 Florida. 
 
 It was to be named Georgia, in honor 
 of the king. 
 
Chapter XXXVII. 
 
 As Oglethorpe and his friends were rich, 
 they could afford to start such a colony. 
 
 The poor people would have to have 
 their debts paid, and be taken to America 
 without paying anything. 
 
 You may be sure there was no trouble in 
 finding people enough for the colony. 
 
 In a short time, thirty-five families were 
 ready to start. 
 
 Only honest, upright people were taken. 
 
 How glad they must have been to begin 
 life in a new country, free from debt. 
 
 They sailed in the ship "Anne" in 1732. 
 
 2U1 
 
202 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 This was a long time after the settlement 
 of Virmnia. 
 
 There were now many English Colonies 
 along the coast. 
 
 Georgia made the thirteenth one. 
 
 All the men on the "Anne" knew how 
 to work. 
 
 There were carpenters, bricklayers and 
 farmers amongr them. 
 
 Oglethorpe came with them to be their 
 governor. 
 
 He and his friends had bought all 
 sorts of farming tools for the use of the 
 colony. 
 
 No company had ever left England with 
 such good supplies. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 203 
 
 All went well on the voyage, except for 
 one thinor. 
 
 There were two feeble little children in 
 the party. 
 
 The journey was too hard for them. 
 They died and were buried at sea. 
 
 At last the vessel reached Charleston, 
 where the party was to stay for a few 
 days. 
 
 When they had anchored in the harbor, 
 Oglethorpe called every one on deck. 
 Then they gave thanks to God for their 
 safe journey. 
 
 After this, Oglethorpe went on shore to 
 meet the governor of South Carolina. 
 
 The governor's name was Johnson. 
 
204 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 He and the Charleston people were very 
 kind to the settlers. 
 
 They gave the newcomers cattle and 
 hogs to take to Georgia. 
 
 In Charleston lived a man named Col. 
 William Bull, who had traveled about in 
 the forests, trading with the Indians. 
 
 He had visited the country which be- 
 longed to Oglethorpe and his friends. 
 
 Governor Johnson thought Colonel Bull 
 would be a help to Oglethorpe. 
 
 So when the "Anne" sailed for Georgia, 
 Colonel Bull went with the colonists. 
 
 As the Indians might make trouble with 
 the newcomers, the governor also sent a 
 company ol soldiers with the vessel. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 20-t ; 
 
 The town of Beaufort, in South CaroHna, 
 is not far Irom Georma. 
 
 When the vessel reached this place, the '■ 
 
 people all landed. 
 
 Then Oglethorpe and Bull went to find 
 a good place for a settlement. 1 
 
 On the banks of the Savannah River, 
 they found just the right spot. 
 
 Around it were great forests of pnies, oaks 
 and magnolias. 
 
 i 
 
 In front, at the foot of a high bluff, j 
 
 flowed the river, which was deep enough to 
 float large vessels. 
 
 The soil was fertile and the climate warm. i 
 
 No better place for a town could have 
 been found. 
 
Chapter XXXVIII. 
 
 Now Oglethorpe went back to Beaufort 
 for the colonists. 
 
 They were taken to their new home in 
 small boats. 
 
 Tents were put up to be used until they 
 could build houses. 
 
 The climate was so warm that they were 
 very comfortable in the tents. 
 
 Then Oglethorpe called them together. 
 
 206 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 207 
 
 They had passed in safety through a 
 long journey. 
 
 Kind friends had greeted them on reach- 
 ing land. 
 
 Much help had been given them in 
 carrying out their plans. 
 
 And last of all, they had found a pleas- 
 ant home in the wilderness. 
 
 For all these mercies they should feel 
 grateful. 
 
 It was right, he said, to set apart a day 
 for giving thanks to God. 
 
 The people agreed with Oglethorpe. 
 
 The next day they did not work, but 
 spent their time in prayer. 
 
 After that, everyone took hold with a will. 
 
208 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Oglethorpe divided die men into com- 
 panies. 
 
 One company felled trees, another built 
 
 
 %v/,.-'h;'.' 
 
 ".*■■•' ,„,,j-^^' 
 
 »>>, w 
 
 '■ ^^ 
 
 mJ 
 
 houses, and a third made the ground ready 
 for planting. 
 
 Before the houses were built, however, 
 they put up a fort. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 209 
 
 Then they had a place of refuge from the 
 Indians. 
 
 Oglethorpe worked as hard as any one, 
 first with one company, then with an- 
 other. 
 
 He laid out streets and planned houses. 
 
 They named their town Savannah from 
 the river which ran in front of it. 
 
 Every one had to keep busy all day, so 
 there was no time to be homesick. 
 
 But, at night, the little town must have 
 seemed very lonely. 
 
 The Carolina settlements were far away. 
 
 All about them were Indians. 
 
 A few miles to the South were the 
 Spanish settlements. 
 
210 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The Spaniards were more dangerous 
 than the Indians. 
 
 They might creep upon the tiny Enghsh 
 settlement at any time and destroy it. 
 
 The children, at least, must have thought 
 of their English homes. 
 
 Perhaps the older people, too, sometimes 
 wished themselves back again. 
 
 Thev all had to make the best of it, 
 however. 
 
 Every day Oglethorpe took out a company 
 of men and had them drill as soldiers do. 
 
 They drilled very well, indeed, and 
 Oglethorpe was proud of them. 
 
 He wanted them to be in good condition 
 to defend their homes at any time. 
 
Chapter XXXIX. 
 
 As the town was now well begun, Ogle- 
 thorpe gave his time to a new plan. 
 
 He wished to make friends with the 
 Indians around them. 
 
 In this he had help from an Indian 
 woman named Mary. 
 
 She had married a white man from South 
 Carolina, who traded with the Indians. 
 
 Mary could, of course, speak the Indian 
 language. 
 
 Her husband taught her to speak Eng- 
 lish, too. 
 
 Oglethorpe was glad to hear about her, 
 and sent for her to come to Savannah. 
 
 211 
 
212 IN COLONIAL BAYS. 
 
 He asked her who was the most power- 
 ful chief in that part of the country. 
 
 She told him that Tom-o-chi-chi was a 
 very wise and great man. 
 
 So Oglethorpe sent for Tom-o-chi-chi, 
 who seemed to be just what Mary had 
 said. 
 
 Tom-o-chi-chi heard Oglethorpe's story. 
 
 He learned that the white people wished 
 to be friendly with the Indians. 
 
 He said there were many tribes in 
 Georgia. 
 
 Each tribe had a different chief. 
 
 It would be a good plan for Oglethorpe 
 to get the chiefs together. 
 
 Then they could see what was best to do. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 213 
 
 Oglethorpe sent a message by Tom-o- 
 chi-chi to all the chiefs. 
 
 They were asked to come to Savannah 
 at a certain time. 
 
 When the day came more than fifty 
 chiefs appeared. 
 
 Can't you imagine how the little white 
 children looked at those Indians? 
 
 They must have been dreadfully afraid, 
 I think. 
 
 Perhaps the little girls did not dare come 
 out of their houses. 
 
 Probably the men kept their guns handy. 
 
 The Indians made no trouble, however. 
 
 They sat around in a circle and listened 
 to Oglethorpe. 
 
PEKHAl-S THE LMTLE GIRLS DID NOT DAKE COME OUT OF THEIR HOUSES 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 215 
 
 Mary told them what he said. 
 
 Oglethorpe first told them about Eng- 
 land. 
 
 It was a rich and powerful nation, he 
 said. 
 
 The English people were very wise. 
 
 Then he told them that the white people 
 in Savannah came from England. 
 
 They wished to help the Indians, and to 
 teach them to live like white people. 
 
 They would teach the men to plough 
 the ground and to plant many kinds of 
 seeds. 
 
 They would teach them to build houses. 
 
 The women would learn to sew and 
 cook. 
 
216 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Perhaps the children would learn to 
 read. 
 
 He hoped the Indians would be friendly, 
 and would let the white people live in their 
 country. 
 
 
Chapter XL. 
 
 The Indians listened until Oglethorpe 
 had finished. 
 
 Then Tom-o-chi-chi stood up. 
 
 He said, "Here is a little present." 
 
 Then he gave Oglethorpe a buffalo skin. 
 
 On the inside was painted the head and 
 feathers of an eagle. 
 
 Tom-o-chi-chi said, "The eagle is swift 
 and the buffalo is strong. 
 
 " The English are as swfft as an eagle 
 and strong as a buffalo. 
 
 "The feathers are soft and the skin is 
 warm. 
 
 "That means love and protection. 
 
 217 
 
TOM-0-CHl-CHl PRESENTING SKIN 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 219 
 
 ''The English will love and protect us." 
 
 Was not that a pretty way to show their 
 feeling toward the white people? 
 
 When Tom-o-chi-chi had finished, he 
 asked all the white men to visit his 
 town. 
 
 So the Indians and the white men went 
 away together to Tom-o-chi-chi's town. 
 
 Probably the litde Indian children 
 thought the white men very strange. 
 
 Perhaps they were afraid, as the white 
 children had been a short time before. 
 
 At Tom-o-chi-chi's town there was a 
 great feast. 
 
 The white men stayed all night, and the 
 Indians danced and shouted. 
 
THE INDIANS DANCED AND SHOUTED 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 221 
 
 The next day, Oglethorpe had a treaty 
 ready to sign. 
 
 By this treaty the Indians were to give 
 up a part of their land to the colonists. 
 
 The colonists were to pay a fair price 
 for it. 
 
 Mary told the Indians what was written 
 in the treaty. 
 
 Then it was signed by all the chiefs and 
 the white men. 
 
 The Indians could not write their names, 
 of course. 
 
 Probably each one made a mark, and 
 some one wrote the name after the mark. 
 
 When this was over, Oglethorpe gave 
 the Indians many presents. 
 
222 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 Some of the thinors which he orave them 
 may seem rather strange. 
 
 You know the chmate of Georgia is very 
 hot. 
 
 The Indians did not wear many clothes. 
 
 Oglethorpe gave to each chief a coat and 
 hat trimmed with lace, and a fine shirt. 
 
 The chiefs must have felt as fine as 
 Powhatan did with his red cloak. 
 
 They couldn't have found the clothes 
 very comfortable, though. 
 
 The Indian warriors also received pres- 
 ents which must have pleased them. 
 
 Each one was given a gun. 
 
 Neither were the common Indians left 
 out. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 22S 
 
 Oglethorpe gave them coarse cloth for 
 clothing. 
 
 Besides these, each chief took home gifts 
 to his tribe, such as pipes, knives, tobacco 
 and cloth. 
 
 Indeed, the Indians felt well paid for 
 their land. 
 
 And, best of all, the Indians and whites 
 in Georgia were friendly for many years 
 afterward. 
 
Chapter XLI. 
 
 Everything went well with the colonists 
 now. 
 
 The men planted grain and set out grape 
 vines. 
 
 The women kept the houses in order and 
 cooked the food. 
 
 They often found time also to work out- 
 of-doors with the men. 
 
 One day the colonists saw a ship coming 
 up the river. 
 
 How gladly they welcomed it, as they 
 knew it was bringing a company of people 
 to settle among them. 
 
 224 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 225 
 
 These new settlers were not Enorlish, 
 however. 
 
 They came from a place in Germany 
 called Salzburg. 
 
 They were not poor people who had 
 owed money, either. 
 
 Some of them were well-to-do, but 
 they had heard of the new colony of 
 Georo^ia. 
 
 So they asked Oglethorpe's friends for 
 permission to go there. 
 
 They were hard working, sober people. 
 
 In any colony, such people are a help, so 
 they were allowed to go. 
 
 And the colonists at Savannah were glad 
 to have them come. 
 
226 IN COLONIAL DAYS. i 
 
 1 
 
 When they saw the ship, the men hur- j 
 ried to get the cannon ready to fire. 
 
 The women began to cook a great | 
 dinner. 
 
 As the ship came to the wharf, the cannon '\ 
 was fired. Everybody shouted "Huzza!" 
 
 The Salzburgers, too, were glad to reach : 
 
 land once more. : 
 
 There were about seventy of them ; men, I 
 
 women and children. j 
 
 The Savannah people took them about ' 
 
 I 
 
 the town. j 
 
 Then they all sat down to a good dinner. : 
 
 In the afternoon they went to church. | 
 
 They had brought their own ministers with | 
 
 I 
 
 them. ! 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 227 
 
 The next day Oglethorpe took some of 
 the Salzburgers up the river with him. 
 
 They went to find a good place for a 
 new town. 
 
 Some miles above Savannah, a little creek 
 flows into the river. 
 
 Oglethorpe thought the new town might 
 be built on this creek. 
 
 They put up some houses before going 
 back after the rest of the company. 
 
 When these were finished, they went 
 back to Savannah. 
 
 The Savannah people helped to move 
 their goods to the new town. 
 
 Furniture, dishes and tools were given 
 them, too. 
 
228 IN COLONIAL DAYS. < 
 
 The Salzburgers were much pleased j 
 
 with their new home. j 
 
 They said it should be named Ebenezer. : 
 
 That means " The Stone of Help." I 
 
 After a while, however, they moved their | 
 
 town to a different place, but it still kept the ! 
 
 same name. : 
 
 Soon after the Salzburo^ers there came 
 
 another colony. They settled between | 
 
 Savannah and Ebenezer. i 
 
Chapter XLII. 
 
 Oglethorpe now thought it best for him 
 to return to England. 
 
 He wished to talk over many things with 
 his friends there. 
 
 He took several Indians with him. 
 
 Among them were Tom-o-chi-chi, his 
 wife, and his nephew. 
 
 The nephew's name was To-van-a-ho-wi. 
 
 What a wonderful journey this must have 
 been to the Indians. 
 
 The ship on which they sailed must have 
 seemed a miracle to them. 
 
 Then came the long days spent on the 
 great waters without any land in sight. 
 
 229 
 
THEN CAME LONG DAYS SfENT ON THE WATER 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 231 
 
 When they reached London, what do 
 you suppose they thought? 
 
 The people must have seemed to them 
 as plentiful as the trees in the forests at 
 home. 
 
 They must have wondered at the great 
 high houses, and the strange furniture. 
 
 At that time many men and women 
 dressed very richly. 
 
 The Indians probably were amazed at the 
 sight of their fine clothes. 
 
 Then, of course, the food was different 
 from what they had at home. 
 
 In every way, the visit must have been 
 something to remember all their lives. 
 
 They were taken to the king, who treated 
 
232 
 
 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 them kindly, and gave them many presents. 
 
 While in England there were pictures 
 
 made of Tom-o-chi-chi and 1 o-van-a-ho-wi. 
 
 Can't you think what strange stories 
 To-van-a-ho-wi told the other Indian boys 
 when he got home ? 
 
 But the stories would be so very strange 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 233 
 
 that it would be hard to make the boys 
 beheve them. 
 
 Then To-van-a-ho-wl could show the 
 presents which the king gave him. 
 
 They would have to believe then. 
 
 Tom-o-chi-chi, too, had wonderful stories 
 to tell of the power of the English nation. 
 
 He, too, had presents, which showed how 
 generous the English people were. 
 
 He was never tired of telling about his 
 visit to the king. 
 
 Every Indian, from one end of Georgia 
 to the other, heard the stories after a while. 
 
 They were all convinced that the English 
 meant only kindness to them. In return, 
 they did all in their power for the English. 
 
Chapter XLIll. 
 
 I have told you of the Spanish settlement 
 at St. Augustine. 
 
 You remember the story of the French- 
 man, Ribaut, and his friends. 
 
 They tried to form a colony on the coast 
 of the Carolinas and were all killed by the 
 Spaniards. 
 
 That was many years before the settle- 
 ment of Georma. 
 
 The Spaniards, however, had been living 
 at St Augustine ever since. 
 
 They hated the English people who had 
 formed colonies in America, just as much 
 as they hated the French. 
 
 234 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 235 
 
 This new colony of Georgia was nearest 
 to them of any. 
 
 The Savannah settlers could not help 
 being afraid of the Spaniards; they were so 
 few against so many. 
 
 So Oglethorpe thought he must have 
 more people in Georgia. 
 
 It would then be much safer for every 
 one to live there. 
 
 When he was in England he talked with 
 his friends about it. 
 
 They thought it would be well to form a 
 settlement in the southern part of Georgia. 
 
 That would be very near the Spaniards, 
 and the settlers who went there would have 
 to be very brave indeed. 
 
A HIGHLANDER 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 237 
 
 The people who Hve in the Highlands of 
 Scotland are said to be afraid of nothing. 
 
 A soldier, named Lieut. Hugh Mackay, 
 was sent to Scotland to talk with the High- 
 landers about it. 
 
 He was a Scotchman himself, and a very 
 brave man. 
 
 He went about among the Highlanders, 
 telling them of the beautiful Georgia colony. 
 
 Many of the Scotch people immediately 
 wanted to go there, but he took only the 
 strongest and bravest. 
 
 In a short time he had a company of 
 nearly two hundred. 
 
 Most of them were men, but there were 
 fifty women and children among them. 
 
238 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 They were a very religious people, and 
 chose a minister to o^o with them. His 
 name was John McLeod. 
 
 Without waiting for Oglethorpe, they went 
 to Georgia as soon as they were ready to go. 
 
 They had been told where to build their 
 town. 
 
 On their way to this spot, they stopped 
 at Savannah. 
 
 The people there thought it foolhardy for 
 the Highlanders to go so near the Spaniards. 
 
 " The Spaniards can see you from their 
 forts," said they. " They will shoot you in 
 your town." 
 
 " Then," said the Highlanders, " we will 
 drive them out of their fort. We can live 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 239 
 
 there ourselves and shall not have to build 
 houses." 
 
 You see they were not to be frightened. 
 
 The place where they were to settle was 
 a long way from Savannah, on the Alta- 
 maha River. 
 
 They named the district Darien, and the 
 little village New Inverness. 
 
 They lived just as they had in Scotland, 
 and wore the same sort of clothes. 
 
 As had been expected, they were always 
 a help to the colony when there was fighting 
 to be done. 
 
 In fact, many of their descendants fought 
 in the Revolution. 
 
Chapter XLIV. 
 
 Meanwhile Oglethorpe was not idle in 
 England. 
 
 He was still looking for more colonists, 
 and he got them. 
 
 Soon after the Hio^hlanders reached 
 Georgia, Oglethorpe's own vessel sailed up 
 the river. 
 
 He had more than two hundred people 
 on board. 
 
 Some of these were Germans, but the 
 greater part were English. 
 
 These people built a town at the mouth 
 of the Altamaha River. 
 
 240 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 241 
 
 It was on St. Simon's Island, and was 
 named Frederica. 
 
 It was also built to protect the colony 
 from the Spaniards, so everything about it 
 was very strong. 
 
 Then Oglethorpe thought he would not 
 wait for the Spaniards to attack him. 
 
 He got together as large an army as 
 possible. 
 
 The Indians joined him, and some men 
 came from the Carolinas. 
 
 They went to St. Augustine, where the 
 Spaniards were, by land and by sea. 
 
 Oglethorpe thought he would easily take 
 the fort. 
 
 But everything went wrong, however. 
 
242 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 The Spaniards were stronger than he 
 thought. 
 
 Oglethorpe had to give up the attempt 
 and go back home. 
 
 Two years after this, the Spaniards them- 
 selves came up to Frederica. 
 
 Oglethorpe had only a few men there, 
 and the Spaniards had a large army. 
 
 But Oglethorpe showed much wisdom. 
 He arranged his men so that the Spaniards 
 thought he also had a great army. 
 
 Then he made the enemy think that still 
 more men were coming. 
 
 In a short time he succeeded in driving 
 and frightening the Spaniards away and 
 they never made any more trouble. 
 
Chapter XLV. 
 
 But all this time other matters had not 
 been going well in the colony. 
 
 Many people disliked Oglethorpe very 
 much. 
 
 It is easy to see just why this was. 
 
 When the colony was started, Oglethorpe 
 and his friends wanted all the colonists to 
 do as they said. 
 
 They made a rule that there should be 
 no slaves in Georo^ia. 
 
 In all the other colonies there were 
 slaves. 
 
 The people in the Carolinas thought they 
 could not get along without them. 
 
 243 
 
244 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 I have told you about raising rice ; only 
 the negroes could do that. 
 
 As there could be no negroes in Georgia, 
 there could be no rice. 
 
 Still worse, the colonists could raise 
 only such crops as they were allowed 
 to. 
 
 It was thougfht that silk worms would do 
 well in Georo^ia. 
 
 The climate was not just right for them, 
 but the colonists were made to raise them 
 just the same. 
 
 They also had to raise other things which 
 did not pay them. 
 
 Then, too, Oglethorpe kept a great many 
 soldiers about. 
 
IN COLONIAL DAYS. 245 
 
 He thought he needed them to protect 
 the colony, but the colonists did not like 
 them. 
 
 At last, people began to complain so 
 much that Oglethorpe went to England to 
 see what could be done. 
 
 It happened that he never came to 
 Georgia again, and after a few years he and 
 his friends became discouraored with the 
 colony. 
 
 They gave it back to the king, and the 
 kmg let the colonists do more as they 
 pleased. 
 
 Slaves were soon brought into the colony, 
 rice was raised, and from that time on the 
 colonists prospered. 
 
246 IN COLONIAL DAYS. 
 
 So Oglethorpe lived to see his colony, 
 which he had planted from kindness, grow 
 rich and powerful. 
 
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